image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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splits/subfolder_3/PMC1851380_F4_10325.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | PMA stimulation prior to urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) incubation mediates increased plasminogen (plg) binding at the MCF-7 cell surface. Confocal microscopy images of control and PMA-stimulated (100 nM, 16 hours) MCF-7 cells both incubated with 50 nM uPA for 10 minutes at room temperature, washed, and probed for annexin II (AnnII), uPA, and Glu-plg binding. Areas of co-localisation of annexin II, uPA, and Glu-plg are shown in white in the merged image. Arrows indicate areas of concentrated expression. Inset shows non-lysine-dependent plg binding (that is, plg binding in the presence of 5 mM tranexamic acid). Glu, glutamic acid; PAS, plasminogen activation system; PMA, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4641346_Fig6_443031.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Pre- and postoperative conventional X-rays in the lateral view (upright standing) throughout the 3 year follow-up. In addition, the patient received a total hip arthroplasty of the left hip due to progressive hip arthritis, 2 years after her uneventful recovery from the lumbar spine surgery |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3125656_F0005_100985.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Orthopantomography 6 months postoperatively. The defect at the area of the surgical site as well as the post-extraction socket of 46 are distinguished. Nothing remarkable concerning the bone healing process is observed |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_63034.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Lymphoma. Chest X-ray (CXR) on a human immunodeficiency virus patient that presented with multiple lung masses, which grew rapidly mimicking infection. Note that there is no associated lymphadenopathy. Well-defined solitary or multiple parenchymal nodules CXR are common. A percutaneous biopsy revealed a non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3041781_F8_87625.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Reduced inflammation in a RAG1 null background. Immunohistochemical analyses of ear tissue sections from LMP1CAO.117 transgenic mice in a RAG1-null background (LMP1.RAG1(-/-)) compared to RAG1 heterozyous background (LMP1.RAG1(+/-) Formalin fixed, tissue sections were immunostained with: A, B: anti-CD3 to reveal T-cells (brown stain), at original magnification: x200; C, D: astra blue staining to reveal mast cells (blue) at original magnification: x100 E, F: anti-myeloperoxidase to reveal neutrophils and monocytes (brown stain) at original magnification: x100. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/val/inside_oral/train_1419.jpg | What does this image show? | excellent lesion on true cord spreading down |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC1200430_F2_3018.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Immunohistochemical staining of ATP-binding cassette proteins in human lung. A. apical expression of P-gp in bronchial epithelium (COPD patient; frozen section, antibody C219), B. basolateral expression of MRP1 in bronchial epithelium (COPD patient; antibody MRPr1), C. MRP1 expression in bronchoalveolar lavage cells (healthy individual; antibody MRPr1). Lu, lumen. Scale bar = 25 μM. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3479990_fig4_161824.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Photograph of Petri dishes (a) and the same with superposed masks for colony types (b): green mask for Alternaria sp., red mask for Fusarium sp., and blue mask for image background. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4476261_F4_398747.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Case 2, Initial skeletal survey at 9 days of life (A) [10/09/08] demonstrates lack of visualization of the distal femoral and proximal tibial ossification centers, (B) relatively short long bones of the left upper extremity and (C) feet with metaphyseal cupping and irregular ossification of the talus and calcaneus. The degree of platyspondyly (D) is less than that of her sibling on lateral spine radiographs. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4185420_fig6s5_325167.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Overexpression of bip1, Nup98, and RpS8, and RNAi knockdown of other nucleoporins does not affect Pvr levels in the lymph gland.Compared with control levels (A, Hml-gal4), overexpression of bip1 (B, UAS-bip1LA645), Nup98 (C, UAS-Nup98 [Parrott et al., 2011]), or RpS8 (D, UAS-RpS8DP01446 [Staudt t al., 2005]) does not significantly affect Pvr levels (red). Likewise, RNAi knockdown of Nup154 (F), Nup214 (G), or Nup358 (H) (all with Hml-gal4) does not significantly alter Pvr level compared to controls (E), further supporting the specific function of Nup98 in Pvr regulation.DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.03626.016 |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_67477.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Short axis post contrast t1 fat sat image. Short axis post contrast T1 fat saturated image showed focal enhancement within the plantar musculature, specifically the flexor digitorum and the lumbricales. The quadratus plantae muscle appears spared. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4646984_fig4_444211.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | (a-b) Anterior and lateral spinal views with definitive instrumentation T-10 to iliac bone. (c-d) Lumbar X-ray views. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic46859.jpg | is this a ct scan? | no |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3594146_pone-0058736-g005_190932.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | RBPL-1 is expressed in diverse tissues and localized to the nucleolus. a.RBPL-1::GFP is expressed in multiple tissues, including neurons, intestine, spermatheca, and vulva. Scale bar: 20 µm. b. RBPL-1::GFP is localized to the nucleolus of intestine cells. The bottom left image indicates the nucleolar localization of RBPL-1 within an intestine nucleus (the dashed line indicates the nucleus). Scale bar: 50 µm. c. Dynamics of RBPL-1 during embryogenesis. A transient disappearance of RBPL-1 fluorescence occurs from metaphase to telophase. Membrane and RBPL-1 are marked by GFP, and nuclei are shown by H2B::mCherry. Scale bar: 2 µm. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3305675_F1_130361.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Group 1 PAH due to Congenital Heart Disease. Top left, In plane flow mapping demonstrating flow between left and right atrium (arrow) through an atrial septal defect; Top right, a steady state free procession cine showing flow (asterisk) from descending aorta to pulmonary artery via a persistent ductus arteriosus; Bottom left, Magnetic Resonance Angiography of an aberrant pulmonary vein (arrow) draining into the right atrium (RA); Bottom right, flow mapping in this patient in the main pulmonary artery and aorta allowed a Qp:Qs of 2.7 to be derived. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820glss4vz071ua1jw6jco.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | Yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4452850_fig2_392713.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Panoramic radiograph showing the presence of impacted geminated premolars in left maxillary posterior region and right mandibular posterior quadrant. An intraoral periapical radiograph confirms the presence of geminated premolars in the respective regions. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3394200_F4_144583.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Functional magnetic resonance imaging activation. (Upper) fMRI activities under both the green/blue, and white/gray, conditions. The bilateral parietal and occipital areas were activated under both the green/blue and white/gray conditions (P < 0.001, uncorrected). (Lower) More significant activation in the parietal and occipital cortices (right > left) was evident under the green/blue condition than under the white/gray condition (P < 0.005, uncorrected). Note that the activation foci detected by the fMRI analyses were located close to the areas in which the peak ERP amplitudes in response to the target stimuli were significantly higher under the green/blue than under the white/gray condition. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3766861_marinedrugs-11-02722-f006_230398.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Endothelial cells exposed to biotinylated fucan; the cells were grown for three days and exposed to biotinylated fucan. The image was obtained by confocal microscopy. Barr = 20 μm. Similar results were obtained in two independent experiments. (I) The cells were exposed to biotinylated fucan and revealed with streptavidin conjugated with Texas Red; (II) Fibronectin revealed with anti-fibronectin conjugated with FTIC; (III) Nucleus stained in blue with DAPI; (IV) Superposition of images A and B. Arrows indicate the cell nucleus stained with DAPI. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3582556_pone-0058025-g006_188135.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Binding of the amino-terminal domain of AtGnTL to AtCRT1 and its subcellular localization in N. benthamiana.Protein interaction was assayed by BiFC. The AtGnTL-91N domain contains amino acid residues between positions 1 and 91 of the AtGnTL protein. YFP fluorescence is in green, plastid autofluorescence is in red. In AtGnTL-91N-mCherry and AtGnTL-mCherry subcellular localization experiments, mCherry fluorescence is in red, and plastid autofluorescence was filtered out. Images are single confocal sections. Bars = 20 µm. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1pu1e3z0832boad4onn.jpg | How many polyps are in the image? | 1 |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3280946_F6_126030.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Detection of 4D5-8RFP binding to p185HER-2 -overexpressing SK-BR-3 and non-expressing MDA-MD-231 cells by confocal microscopy. Cells incubated with nuclear stain TO-PRO3, actin label Phalloidin-FITC conjugate and 4D5-mRFP. SK-BR-3 cells were also incubated with TO-PRO3 and 4D5-mCIT. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3918717_fig5_265694.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | A 50 μm thick histologic section prepared for histomorphometric analysis from ZA-treated group (toluidine blue stain, original magnification ×2). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3881375_fig3_256621.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | (a), (b) Immunochemistry positivity for desmin and H-caldesmon, respectively. (c) Negative immunohistochemical reactivity for cytokeratin. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2605243_bj1-93-01-0056-f01_31567.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | (A) Sagittal T1 image showing the slice orientation for coronal scans parallel to the brainstem reference line. (B) Coronal 2 mm proton density weighted LGN image showing orientation used for height measurement (white oblique lines). (C) Nissl stained coronal LGN section showing orientation used for height measurement (black line). Surrounding anatomical structures are indicated as IC (posterior limb of internal capsule) and AC (ambient cistern). The calibration bar indicates 1 mm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4141804_pone-0105762-g010_315117.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. |
125I-SI Ang II binding comparison.Comparison of 125I-SI Ang II binding in the brains of neurolysin KO and WT mouse strains in the presence of PCMB, losartan, and PD123319. Bregma −4.24 mm (histology and autoradiograms) for KO, and Bregma −4.36 (histology) and −4.24 mm (autoradiogram) sections for WT. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2926927_F0002_72034.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | a-c). Histology of recurrent pituitary neoplasm. Dense, highly cellular sheets and nests of monotonous cells with ovoid nuclei and focal clear cell features. Tumor is highly vascular. Areas of necrosis; d-f) Cytology of pituitary carcinoma. FNA of the liver lesion. d, e) 20x; F. 40x: Loose clusters and microacini of monotonous, moderate size cells with eccentrically located, round to oval, mildly pleomorphic nuclei with coarsely granular chromatin and small nucleoli. Cytoplasm is ill-defined due to its fragility |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qc1eor08325e6j9lq5.jpg | What type of polyp is present? | Paris iia |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3639921_F6_202175.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Plain x-ray after resection of the exostosis tip (lateral view). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2438330_F1_24698.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Expression of AMACR in HCC and non-HCC tissue. A, normal liver tissue (background staining, grade 0). B, hepatocellular adenoma (background staining, grade 0). C, cirrhotic nodules (weakly positive, grade 1+). D, well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (strongly positive, grade 3+). (immunohistochemical staining; original magnification ×200) |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2825519_F2_57589.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Post-operative CT imaging demonstrates the placement of C7 corpectomy cage (A); Plain X-ray showing ventral anterior plate and corpectomy cage and dorsal hardware, with lateral mass screws, in place (B). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3170856_fig3_108114.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | The pathological findings of aGVHD after liver transplantation. (A1) The histologic examination of skin was normal without obvious mononuclear infiltrating. (A2) Epidermis and dermis of the skin were infiltrated by mononuclear cells, and basilar degeneration and necrosis of keratinocytes were also observed. (B1) The histologic examination of intestine was normal without obvious mononuclear infiltrating. (B2) The intestine contained lymphocytic infiltrates. (C1) The histologic examination of liver was normal without obvious mononuclear infiltrating. (C2) No obvious mononuclear infiltrate in the liver. (H&E, original magnification ×400.) |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_04141.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Chest X-ray showing a left side mediastinal mass. A homogeneous, soft tissue, dense, well-defined lesion in the left lung (white arrow) extending from the aortic knuckle to the left hemidiaphragm. Its medial margin merges with the mediastinum and there is a left-sided mild to moderate pleural effusion (black arrow) |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2217516_F4_16765.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Internal view of the right ventricle shows grade II tethering of the tricuspid septal leaflet (asterisk). The 4 chamber echocardiographic image shows discontinuous leaflet tethering similar to the anatomic specimen. Abbreviations as before. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_16273.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Contrast-enhanced CT shows a small, oval, low-attenuating nodule in the right lobe of the liver adjacent to the anterior branch of the right portal vein (arrow). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1685.jpg | Is sarcoidosis present? | yes |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxur8zns074y1yimhhvd.jpg | How many instrumnets are in the image? | 0 |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3413978_fig2_148761.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Coronal computed tomography reconstruction of mesenteric arterial vasculature in Case 2. GDA: gastroduodenal artery, LHA: left hepatic artery, RHA: right hepatic artery, SMA: superior mesenteric artery, Pancreas: calcified head of the pancreas. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3052582_F0001_89603.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Necropsy of rats that died due to vitamin D3 toxicity, showing the presence of white deposits of mineralization on epicardial surface of heart, serosal surface of stomach and intestine and pin point white deposits on capsular surface of kidney. Arrows indicate sites of calcification (mineralization) |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC317275_pbio-0020008-g002_76.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Time-Lapse Series of Meiosis Progression in Control, asp, and Colcemid-Treated SpermatocytesTimepoint 0 coincides with the time of NEB revealed by the sudden entry of GFP signal into the nucleus. In control cells (Video 2), microtubules are mainly organised around the centrosomes (arrows). However, when centrosomes are kept away from the nuclear region by mutation in asp (Video 3) or colcemid treatment (Video 4), microtubule nucleation and growth are clearly revealed over the nuclear region (N), well away from the centrosomes. Such noncentrosomal microtubules may form bundles that eventually are sorted into spindlelike bipolar microtubule arrays. Microtubules were labelled with an endogenous GFP–α-tubulin fusion. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/val/outside_other/train_2655.jpg | How many liver is lower chest and abdomen anterior opened lower chest and abdomen showing apparent two sets intestine with? | one |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_1028.jpg | Is vasculitis foreign body present? | no |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4470587_pone.0127771.g003_397643.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Radiographic Changes with Experimental Treatment.In addition to better lung function and gas exchange, experimental treatments frequently improved the chest radiographs (CXR) of these subjects. a) Pretreatment CXR of Subject #5 during relapse shows diffuse infiltrates; b.) Radiographic improvement (and extubation) of this subject to 2nd TPE series. c.) CXR of Subject #7 immediately prior to treatment and d.) after first three TPE. These (and other) radiographic and clinical improvements in the subject population were not attributable to changes in intravascular volume status or infection. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3865680_fig03_252328.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Fluorescence and electron microscopy of MPIO-labelled primary human hepatocytes. Cells were stained against cytokeratine 18 (A) and nuclei (B). Dragon Green labelled MPIOs (C) were distributed throughout the cytoplasm. In the overlay (D), cytokeratine 18 is illustrated as red, nuclei as blue and MPIOs as green. Electron microscopy of single hepatocytes proved the intracellular localization of the particles, both as single particles and as clusters (E). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4233235_Fig3_336616.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. |
Necropsy finding of rumen of a PPR virus infected goat. Ecchymotic haemorrhages (arrow) were present on the mucosal surface of rumen. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4514649_pone.0133530.g002_409171.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Clinicopathological features of low-grade noninvasive UC with an inverted growth pattern.The cords of LGNUC with an inverted growth pattern were usually thick and irregular (A), and definite fibrovascular cores were observed (B). Nests were usually large and inordinate (C), and mitotic figures, which were common in the superficial or middle layers, were easy to detect (D). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3437270_fig4_153758.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Postoperative hemilaminectomy of CT scan (a), axial (b), and coronal (c) views of T1-weighted MR images with gadolinium enhancement demonstrating complete removal of the tumor and decompression of the thoracic cord. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_53863.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Left internal jugular vein with lumen occluded by thrombus |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4431351_f5_386282.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | (a) Optical images of (A) normal breast and (B) breast tumor tissues. (b) LDI-MS images of the [Au1]+ intensity distributions in (A) normal breast and (B) breast tumor tissues after incubation with AptMUC1–Au NPs/GO for 1 h. (c) Immunostaining of MUC1 by MUC1 antibody (VU4H5) in (A) normal breast and (B) tumor breast tissues. The dark brown and blue colors represent the staining of MUC1 and nuclei, respectively. Parameters of LDI-MS imaging: image pixel size, 1 × 1 μm2; line distance, 50 μm; repetition rate, 100 Hz; image size, 0.8 × 0.8 mm2. Other conditions were the same as those described in Fig. 3. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3907034_F2_262694.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | The budding defect resulting from S40F mutation becomes more apparent when PR is inactive. COS-1 cells were transfected with plasmids expressing HA-tagged HIV-1 Gag-WT (panels A and B) or Gag-S40F (panels C and D). Cells were prepared for examination by electron microscopy as described in Methods. Panels A and C, solid arrows, immature particles; open arrows, extended or tethered particles. Bars in panels A and C measure 500 nm; bars in panel B and D measure 100 nm. The relative frequencies of typical spherical particles and filopodia-like particles are summarized (panel E). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4547847_fig12ev_417194.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Transient fibrogenesis in the bleomycin model
Representative tissue sections of the indicated experimental conditions and time points were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin stain (H&E).
Tissue sections of the indicated experimental conditions and time points were stained for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA in green) and collagen type I (Col1a1 in red).
Lung compliance was measured in the indicated experimental conditions and time points using the forced oscillation technique from FlexiVent systems (Scireq, Montreal, Canada). The values for mean and standard deviation are shown.
|
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_63654.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | NHL in a 53-year-old woman. Axial pelvic contrast-enhanced CT shows mesenteric lymph nodes (arrows). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3739742_pone-0071559-g001_224060.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | A map of Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve.The map shows plot sampling locations (red dots), and location of Reserve in the context of China (inset). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2750243_fig2_46879.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | X-ray (A–C) and scintigraphy scans (D, E) showing primary and secondary tumour regression in a 64-year-old patient with NSCLC treated with first-line gefitinib 250 mg day−1. At diagnosis in March 2002 (A) and immediately prior to beginning gefitinib (B; July 2002), the patient had a primary tumour in the right upper lobe that partially responded (C; April 2003) for a sustained period, totalling 11 months at the time of reporting. Regression of bone metastases was evident 6 months after beginning gefitinib (D; March 2002, E; January 2003). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3559774_F1_182598.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | The CONSEPT technique: a region of interest (ROI) is plotted conservatively within the septum well away from the myocardial-blood pool interface. The ROI is then semi-automatically propagated across all images in the sequence and manually corrected for cardiac and respiratory motion. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4199079_fig5_328464.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Digital subtraction arteriogram (a–c) shows filling of the wide-necked peroneal pseudoaneurysm (b) with arteriovenous fistula to the peroneal vein (c). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2666.jpg | Does this image show natural color advanced typical? | yes |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC1483818_F3_5869.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | A-MLV binding to large rafts is independent of extraction of plasma membrane cholesterol. NIH3T3 cells were treated with 10 mM MBCD, washed, and incubated with GagYFP A-MLV (green) for 30 min. Subsequently, the cells were washed, fixed, and stained for GM1 using fluorescently labeled CTX (red). Images were taken using confocal microscopy. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/outside_baby/train_1228.jpg | What is present? | Face |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4063245_F2_299523.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Intra- and post-operative images of the aneurysm. (A) Post-operative computed tomographic scan. (B) Intra-operative photograph of the aneurysm. (C) Photograph of the aneurysm after excision. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3985033_F4_280838.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | (A) MRI diffusion-weighted image (DWI) demonstrating a right ventral pontine infarction (arrow) in a 62-year-old man with fluctuating left sided weakness; (B) MRI-DWI showing a small dorsal left medullary infarction (arrow) in a 58-year-old man with hypertension and hyperlipidemia presenting with acute isolated vertigo; (C) catheter angiogram showing cut-off of the right posterior inferior cerebellar artery (arrow); (D,E) MRI-DWI showing massive right cerebellar hemispheric and vermian infarction; (F) MRI T2-weighted sequence demonstrating right cerebellar infarction with edema and mass effect. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2039.jpg | Is lymph node present? | yes |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_75447.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Osseous structure in the infrapatellar fat pad. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qr1f5308328z7m0aao.jpg | How many instrumnets are in the image? | 0 |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC2995788_F2_80250.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Histological findings of prostate cancer. A, The tumor was composed of a poorly differentiated Gleason 4/5 adenocarcinoma (lower left of photograph) and an undifferentiated sarcomatoid carcinoma (upper right of photograph). B, The intraprostatic tumor showing a mixture of cribriform structures and necrosis. C, The tumor in the area of posterior invasion. Arrows indicate multinucleated giant cells. D, Cytokeratin AE1/3 immunostaining of the sarcomatoid carcinoma component. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4378611_fig2_372951.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential of bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs). Oil Red O staining (a) and Alizarin Red staining (b) were both positive, indicating the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential of BMSCs. Magnification: ×100 (a-b). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4414615_pone.0124861.g003_382104.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | pERK-ir in nerve fibers but undetectable in ICC of 3-month-old WT, Spry4 KO and Kit
WT/K641E antrum.Confocal microscopy, sequential channels acquisitions. Left column: grey scale images of PDE3A immunoreactivity (-ir) ICC. Middle column: grey scale images of pERK-ir. Right column: merged images. PDE3A-ir and pERK-ir are displayed in green and in red, respectively, with nuclear counterstain (DAPI) in blue. pERK-ir (red) was consistently detected in myenteric plexus and in nerve fibers in the muscularis propria but not in PDE3A-ir ICC (green). Abbreviations: LM: longitudinal muscle layer, CM: circular muscle layer, scale bar: 20μm |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4498918_pone.0131943.g003_405221.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Subcellular position of (ω:YFP)2 foci in the absence or in the presence of δ2 or δ2D60A.Cells bearing plasmid-borne P
ω ω:yfp (A), P
δ δ and P
ω ω:yfp (B) or P
δ δD60A and P
ω ω:yfp genes (C) were grown in MMS7 at 30°C. YFP fluorescence of a typical field of each situation is presented. Scale bar is 5 μm. (D) The oddly or evenly distributed foci (1 to more than 4 foci) are shown schematically. The percentages of (ω:YFP)2 foci at each position around the cell center in the different conditions are indicated (calculated from >2,000 cells). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3906877_F5_262603.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Late-gadolinium-enhancement imaging. Images of the lesion in 3-chamber orientation acquired with a three-dimensional inversion recovery FLASH sequence (contiguous slices A through D). Inversion time was chosen to zero the mass. Arrows indicate subtle contrast enhancement in the mass and massive enhancement of the surface. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4601084_figs1_431942.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Hypoxia Inhibits Larval Food Intake, Related to Figure 1Top panels show petri dishes containing colored food (yeast paste containing bromophenol blue) and their corresponding lids. Petri dishes contained mid-third instar larvae subject to normoxia (20.9% oxygen, left panels) or hypoxia (2.5% oxygen, right panels) for 2.5 hr. Bottom panels show high magnification views of larvae exposed to normoxia (left panels) or hypoxia (right panels) at the end of the experiments. Under normoxia, larvae remain in the food and ingested food is clearly visible in the gut. In contrast, hypoxia induces larvae to crawl out of the food and to ingest very little. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3995916_F2_283097.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Established treatment plans according to the four types of target shapes, two MLC leaf widths, and two types of planning techniques. (a) Type 1, (b) Type 2, (c) Type 3, and (d) Type 4 (the green line is the 18 Gy isodose line, blue line is the 15 Gy isodose line, orange line is the 12 Gy isodose line, yellow line is the 10 Gy isodose line). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_0049.jpg | What is associated with a lethal malformation, in which the midface structures are fused or ill-formed? | stillbirth |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3009980_F1_82363.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Computed tomography arteriography (CTA) of the liver tumor in the early phase (A) and the delayed phase (B). C) Computed tomography during arterial portography (CTAP) showing a portal vein tumor thrombus (arrow) and a perfusion defect in the entire right lobe. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2827084_F3_57726.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Descending aortography in the lateral projection (A), a patent ductus arteriosus and strict aortic coarctation was showed better than other projection, in the right oblique projection (B) shows widening and tortuous intercostals artery, in anterior posterior projection (C) strict aortic coarctation ascending aort and widening and tortuous intercostals artery was showed, and ascending aortogram in anterior posterior projection (D) shows minimal dilatation ascending aort. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2989514_F0004_79240.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | AP & Lateral x-ray showing L3 burst fracture: Preoperative (A) and postoperative at 0 (B), 12 months (C), 13 months after implant removal (D) |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3466150_F1_159250.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Preoperative examination. a, Chest X-ray showed no abnormalities. b, an elevated lesion was observed in the membranous portion of the left main bronchus, and was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma by bronchoscopic biopsy. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2174466_F5_15809.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Accumulation of autofluorescent compounds in Physcomitrella after CF treatment and B. cinerea inoculation. Examination of UV-stimulated autofluorescence of B. cinerea-inoculated leaf (A, C), PDB-treated leaf (B), PDB- (D), B. cinerea spores- (E), LB- (F) and CF(SCC1)-treated protonemal filaments (G). A closer view of a CF(SCC1)-treated protonemal cell with cytoplasmic shrinkage and UV-stimulated autofluorescence is shown (H, I). Observations were made 2 days after treatments. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1pt1e170832g25vgahp.jpg | Where in the image is the instrument? | Lower-right |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4458535_fig3_394067.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Cortical and subcortical maps showing the significant volumetric regions for each classification pair. (a) CN versus AD, (b) CN versus EMCI, and (c) CN versus LMCI. The regions are listed in Table 2. For each classification pair the letter “L” or “R” signifies the left and right hemisphere, respectively. Additionally, for the cortical representations, the top images in each set show the lateral view and the bottom images show the medial views. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3590245_pone-0057522-g004_189998.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Immunohistochemistry Analysis of Tumors from the PBS and ACG44 groups.
Figure 4A and 4B show representative images of H&E and Ki-67 stained tumor tissues, respectively, from the PBS treated group whereas Figure 4C and 4D show images of H&E and Ki-67 staining of tumor tissue from the ACG44 treated group. All images were taken with 20× magnification. Figure 4E is quantification of the Ki-67 positive proliferative nuclei shown in Figures 4B and 4D. Figure 4F is a tumor image of Ki-67 staining from the ACG44 treated group, taken at 100 X to show gold accumulation (black spots) at a high magnification. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3759893_f4-ijms-14-15910_228685.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | In vivo PET/MRI imaging studies with [64Cu (dtcbp) 2]–Endorem in a mouse. (A) and (B) show signal decreases in popliteal lymph nodes before and after injection indicated by solid arrows; (C) refers to NanoPET/CT images, showing uptake in popliteal (represented by solid arrows) and iliac (represented by hollow arrows) lymph nodes; (D) A whole body NanoPET–CT image of the mouse. Reprinted with permission from [53]. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3688900_pone-0066424-g003_212750.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | GLM and ICA results.(A) Stimulus-activated, (B) stimulus-deactivated, (C) stimulus-neutral, and (D) stimulus-unrelated BOLD signal. GLM spatial maps were obtained using one-sample t-test on contrast images calculated from the individual analyses of all subjects. ICA spatial maps were obtained by overlaying all components in the corresponding classification category. Results are presented on the most representative slices as binary maps thresholded at p<0.001 uncorrected for multiple comparisons in neurological convention (the left side of the image corresponds to the left side of the brain). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3627444_f3-etm-05-04-1254_198764.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Type II inferior vena cava (IVC)-limited stenosis combined with hepatic vein remote openings and IVC diffuse long segment thrombosis. There is evident collateral circulation (A–C). A balloon catheter with a large caliber (25 mm) was used to fully expand the stenotic section (D and E) via the IVC stenosis section at the end proximal to the hepatic vein opening from top to bottom. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4569793_f3_423621.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Characterization of in-plane and out-of-plane domain structure in NC/Py bilayer.12 × 9 μm2 magnetic contrast images of the NdCo5/Py bilayer: Co magnetization at (a) θ=−50°, (b) θ=0° and (c) θ=+50°, and Fe magnetization at (d) θ=−50° , (e) θ=0° and (f) θ=+50°. Two typical dislocations denoted as Y1 (green ellipses) and Y2 (white ellipses) are shown. Scale bars, 1 μm. (g) Intensity profiles (Co edge) across dotted lines in panels (a–c). (h) Angular dependence of contrast curves at Z1 and Z2 regions (fitted φ=31° and −9°, respectively); corresponding Mx reversal is indicated by thick arrows in (a). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3496900_fig432_165796.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Macroscopic and Microscopic Views of Hepatocellular CarcinomaA) Multifocal HCC. B) Grade I. C) Grade II. D) Grade III Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HE; × 100, × 100, × 200) |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2846673_F0002_60674.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | a, b) Pre-operative photograph and radiograph; c-f) operative photographs and radiograph during socket preservation; g, h) 1-month and three-month radiograph post socket preservation; i-k) implant placement photographs; l-n) post-operative photographs and radiograph |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic48046.jpg | what is abnormal in the mri? | hydranencephaly |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4259412_F7_342759.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Effect of GSE on the protein expression of CD44, β-catenin, Oct-4, SNAIL-1 and E-cadherin in CSC enriched CRC colonospheresEffect of GSE on the protein expression of, (A) CD44 and β-catenin; (B) OCT-4; and (C) SNAIL-1 and E-cadherin levels in CSC enriched HT29 colonospheres. Stained samples were mounted with DAPI containing anti-fade reagent (Invitrogen) for visualization under confocal microscopy. Z stack analysis was performed and representative scans (X 600 magnification) with individual scan depth of specific colonospheres representing highest fluorescence intensity/signal are shown. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3231377_f3-sensors-11-04483_118351.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Simulation results for the second scenario: (a) degraded MSF image corrupted by composite noise (fractional SAR parameters: κr = 20 pixels, κa = 40 pixels, SNR μSAR = 10 dB); (b) the same image enhanced using the VA-AD technique; (c) result of reconstructive imaging performed with the ML-APES method (17); (d) the same image reconstructed applying the fused DYED technique (46), all after 30 performed iterations. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2599.jpg | What does this image show? | multiple nodular lesions infiltrating neoplastic plasma cells |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4156172_f1-ol-08-04-1810_318159.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | (A) Abdominal ultrasound images revealing a large (>12 cm) mixed echoic hepatic tumor, with ill-defined margins. Computed tomography scans revealing (B) a large hepatic adenoma, with multiple daughter nodules, and (C) multiple daughter nodules in the right lobe of the liver on the coronal view. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_01666.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Pericardial effusion (*) and cystic teratoma (♥) in a child. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1q31egf0832a34z2u29.jpg | How many instrumnets are in the image? | 0 |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4117752_F8_310487.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | MPV17L2 gene silencing causes condensation of mtSSU proteins in foci that frequently coincide or overlap with enlarged mitochondrial nucleoids. HeLa cells treated with a random dsRNA (NT) or a specific siRNA for MPV17L2 (siR2) were analysed by confocal microscopy with antibodies to MRPS18B, MRPS27 and MRPS45 (red), the DNA was detected by anti-DNA (green) antibody. Co-localization of the ribosomal-specific red signal and DNA-specific green signal appears yellow in the merged images. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4691242_fig3_456537.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Docked Mother Centrioles Do Not Form a Transition Zone or AxonemeImages from (A) a dual-axis tilt series tomogram of a C57BL/6 CTL-P815 synapse and (B) a single-axis tilt series tomogram of an F5 CTL-EL4 target synapse, shown as multiple (Aa, Ba, and Bb) or paired (Ab, Bc, and Bd) plane projection images aligned (A and Ba–Bc) or tilted (Bd) to the axis of reconstruction. Arrowheads, distal appendages; arrows, sub-distal appendages; G, Golgi complex; SL, secretory lysosome. Scale bars, 300 nm. See also Movies S4 (A), S5 (Ba), and S6 (Bb and Bc). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4222084_F2_333303.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Abdominal enhanced computed tomography (CT) after axitinib treatment. (A, axial section; B, coronal section). Abdominal CT shows a hypervascular tumor (size, 4.5 × 2.5 cm) in the lower pole of the left kidney. The tumor diameter shrank by 56%, compared to that before axitinib treatment. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3097711_F4_96017.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | SPECT 67Ga scintigraphy images showing significantly increased uptake in the right petromastoid region. (black arrow). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3191172_pone-0026073-g003_111453.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Pathological examination.Surgical orthotopic implantation (Group 3) resulted in localized infiltrating tumors, whereas percutaneous orthotopic injection (Group 2) and transpleural orthotopic injection (group 4) resulted in localized rounded nodules. Histological examination revealed a high proportion of undifferentiated carcinoma in group 1-SC tumor, but a low proportion in the 3 experimental groups. Furthermore, the 3 experimental groups were associated with more capsule rupture and vascular emboli than group 1-SC. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_endocrine/train_1486.jpg | Is endocrine present? | yes |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3502795_fig1_167315.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Apple core lesion in small bowel, see circle (computed tomography). |
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