id int64 39 79M | url stringlengths 32 168 | text stringlengths 7 145k | source stringlengths 2 105 | categories listlengths 1 6 | token_count int64 3 32.2k | subcategories listlengths 0 27 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
763,553 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar%20space%20elevator | A lunar space elevator or lunar spacelift is a proposed transportation system for moving a mechanical climbing vehicle up and down a ribbon-shaped tethered cable that is set between the surface of the Moon "at the bottom" and a docking port suspended tens of thousands of kilometers above in space at the top.
It is sim... | Lunar space elevator | [
"Astronomy",
"Technology"
] | 3,095 | [
"Exploratory engineering",
"Astronomical hypotheses",
"Space elevator"
] |
763,646 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piebald | A piebald or pied animal is one that has a pattern of unpigmented spots (white) on a pigmented background of hair, feathers or scales. Thus a piebald black and white dog is a black dog with white spots. The animal's skin under the white background is not pigmented.
Location of the unpigmented spots is dependent on the... | Piebald | [
"Biology"
] | 1,267 | [
"Disturbances of pigmentation",
"Pigmentation"
] |
763,780 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational%20noise | Occupational noise is the amount of acoustic energy received by an employee's auditory system when they are working in the industry. Occupational noise, or industrial noise, is often a term used in occupational safety and health, as sustained exposure can cause permanent hearing damage.
Occupational noise is considered... | Occupational noise | [
"Physics"
] | 1,576 | [
"Classical mechanics",
"Acoustics"
] |
763,951 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simultaneous%20localization%20and%20mapping | Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is the computational problem of constructing or updating a map of an unknown environment while simultaneously keeping track of an agent's location within it. While this initially appears to be a chicken or the egg problem, there are several algorithms known to solve it in, a... | Simultaneous localization and mapping | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 3,045 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Point (geometry)",
"Computational mathematics",
"Position",
"Motion (physics)",
"Motion in computer vision",
"Computational geometry",
"Positioning"
] |
8,097,563 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LRK | Long Range Kinematic (LRK) technology is a sophisticated kinematic method developed by Magellan (formerly Thales) Navigation that optimises the advantages of dual-frequency GPS operation. Other conventional methods use the dual-frequency only during initialisation. LRK makes solving ambiguities during initialisation ea... | LRK | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 334 | [
"Global Positioning System",
"Aerospace engineering",
"Wireless locating",
"Aircraft instruments"
] |
8,097,912 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosher%27s%20acid | Mosher's acid, or α-methoxy-α-trifluoromethylphenylacetic acid (MTPA) is a carboxylic acid which was first used by Harry Stone Mosher as a chiral derivatizing agent. It is a chiral molecule, consisting of R and S enantiomers.
Applications
As a chiral derivatizing agent, it reacts with an alcohol or amine of unknown st... | Mosher's acid | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 183 | [
"Stereochemistry",
"Carboxylic acids",
"Functional groups",
"Space",
"nan",
"Spacetime"
] |
8,098,322 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodrying | Biodrying is the process by which biodegradable waste is rapidly heated through initial stages of composting to remove moisture from a waste stream and hence reduce its overall weight.
In biodrying processes, the drying rates are augmented by biological heat in addition to forced aeration. The major portion of biologi... | Biodrying | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 288 | [
"Water treatment",
"Biodegradable waste management",
"Biodegradation",
"Environmental engineering",
"Waste treatment technology"
] |
8,098,634 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEN/TC%20125 | CEN/TC 125 (CEN Technical Committee 125) is a technical decision making body within the CEN system working on standardization in the field of Masonry, including natural stone, in the European Union.
External links
CEN/TC 125
Masonry
Building materials
Construction standards
Building engineering
EN standards
CEN tech... | CEN/TC 125 | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 63 | [
"Masonry",
"Construction standards",
"Building engineering",
"Architecture",
"Construction",
"Materials",
"Civil engineering",
"Matter",
"Building materials"
] |
8,099,018 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riesz%20space | In mathematics, a Riesz space, lattice-ordered vector space or vector lattice is a partially ordered vector space where the order structure is a lattice.
Riesz spaces are named after Frigyes Riesz who first defined them in his 1928 paper Sur la décomposition des opérations fonctionelles linéaires.
Riesz spaces have w... | Riesz space | [
"Mathematics"
] | 3,533 | [
"Functions and mappings",
"Functional analysis",
"Mathematical objects",
"Mathematical relations",
"Ordered groups",
"Order theory"
] |
8,099,272 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acoustic%20contrast%20factor | In acoustics, the acoustic contrast factor is a number that describes the relationship between the densities and the sound velocities of two media, or equivalently (because of the form of the expression), the relationship between the densities and compressibilities of two media. It is most often used in the context of ... | Acoustic contrast factor | [
"Physics"
] | 307 | [
"Classical mechanics",
"Acoustics"
] |
4,694,434 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boolean%20model%20of%20information%20retrieval | The (standard) Boolean model of information retrieval (BIR) is a classical information retrieval (IR) model and, at the same time, the first and most-adopted one. The BIR is based on Boolean logic and classical set theory in that both the documents to be searched and the user's query are conceived as sets of terms (a b... | Boolean model of information retrieval | [
"Mathematics"
] | 1,472 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Mathematical modeling"
] |
4,695,005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space%20Nursing%20Society | The Space Nursing Society is an international space advocacy organization devoted to space nursing and space exploration by registered nurses. The society is an affiliated, non-profit special interest group associated with the National Space Society.
The society was founded in 1991 and has members from around the wor... | Space Nursing Society | [
"Astronomy"
] | 142 | [
"Outer space",
"Astronomy stubs",
"Astronomy organizations",
"Space organizations",
"Outer space stubs"
] |
4,700,845 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy%20%28classical%20thermodynamics%29 | In classical thermodynamics, entropy () is a property of a thermodynamic system that expresses the direction or outcome of spontaneous changes in the system. The term was introduced by Rudolf Clausius in the mid-19th century to explain the relationship of the internal energy that is available or unavailable for transfo... | Entropy (classical thermodynamics) | [
"Physics"
] | 2,496 | [
"Statistical mechanics",
"Entropy",
"Physical quantities",
"Thermodynamic entropy"
] |
4,701,125 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy%20%28statistical%20thermodynamics%29 | The concept entropy was first developed by German physicist Rudolf Clausius in the mid-nineteenth century as a thermodynamic property that predicts that certain spontaneous processes are irreversible or impossible. In statistical mechanics, entropy is formulated as a statistical property using probability theory. The s... | Entropy (statistical thermodynamics) | [
"Physics"
] | 2,723 | [
"Statistical mechanics",
"Entropy",
"Physical quantities",
"Thermodynamic entropy"
] |
4,701,197 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy%20as%20an%20arrow%20of%20time | Entropy is one of the few quantities in the physical sciences that require a particular direction for time, sometimes called an arrow of time. As one goes "forward" in time, the second law of thermodynamics says, the entropy of an isolated system can increase, but not decrease. Thus, entropy measurement is a way of dis... | Entropy as an arrow of time | [
"Physics"
] | 5,730 | [
"Physical quantities",
"Thermodynamic entropy",
"Entropy",
"Asymmetry",
"Statistical mechanics",
"Symmetry"
] |
1,831,103 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foamcore | Foamcore, foam board, or paper-faced foam board is a lightweight and easily cut material used for mounting of photographic prints, as backing for picture framing, for making scale models, and in painting. It consists of a board of polystyrene foam clad with an outer facing of paper on either side, typically white clay... | Foamcore | [
"Physics"
] | 595 | [
"Materials",
"Composite materials",
"Matter"
] |
1,831,357 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyetograph | A hyetograph is a graphical representation of the distribution of rainfall intensity over time. For instance, in the 24-hour rainfall distributions as developed by the Soil Conservation Service (now the NRCS or National Resources Conservation Service), rainfall intensity progressively increases until it reaches a maxim... | Hyetograph | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 164 | [
"Hydrology",
"Hydrology stubs",
"Environmental engineering"
] |
1,831,487 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy%20current%20brake | An eddy current brake, also known as an induction brake, Faraday brake, electric brake or electric retarder, is a device used to slow or stop a moving object by generating eddy currents and thus dissipating its kinetic energy as heat. Unlike friction brakes, where the drag force that stops the moving object is provided... | Eddy current brake | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 2,652 | [
"Physics experiments",
"Electromagnetic brakes and clutches",
"Experimental physics",
"Mechanical engineering",
"Electrodynamics",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
1,832,184 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacConkey%20agar | MacConkey agar is a selective and differential culture medium for bacteria. It is designed to selectively isolate gram-negative and enteric (normally found in the intestinal tract) bacteria and differentiate them based on lactose fermentation. Lactose fermenters turn red or pink on MacConkey agar, and nonfermenters do ... | MacConkey agar | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 790 | [
"Biochemistry detection reactions",
"Microbiology equipment",
"Biochemical reactions",
"Microbiology techniques",
"Microbiological media"
] |
1,832,436 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase%20synchronization | Phase synchronization is the process by which two or more cyclic signals tend to oscillate with a repeating sequence of relative phase angles.
Phase synchronisation is usually applied to two waveforms of the same frequency with identical phase angles with each cycle. However it can be applied if there is an integer re... | Phase synchronization | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 373 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Classical mechanics",
"Waves",
"Wave mechanics",
"Synchronization"
] |
1,832,781 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superhelix | A superhelix is a molecular structure in which a helix is itself coiled into a helix. This is significant to both proteins and genetic material, such as overwound circular DNA.
The earliest significant reference in molecular biology is from 1971, by F. B. Fuller:
A geometric invariant of a space curve, the writhing n... | Superhelix | [
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics",
"Biology"
] | 296 | [
"Biochemistry",
"Molecular topology",
"Topology",
"Molecular biology"
] |
1,834,678 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel%20element%20failure | A fuel element failure is a rupture in a nuclear reactor's fuel cladding that allows the nuclear fuel or fission products, either in the form of dissolved radioisotopes or hot particles, to enter the reactor coolant or storage water.
The de facto standard nuclear fuel is uranium dioxide or a mixed uranium/plutonium di... | Fuel element failure | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Technology"
] | 340 | [
"Nuclear chemistry",
"Radioactive waste",
"Nuclear chemistry stubs",
"Nuclear and atomic physics stubs",
"Environmental impact of nuclear power",
"nan",
"Nuclear physics",
"Hazardous waste",
"Radioactivity"
] |
1,834,808 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardenability | Hardenability is the depth to which a steel is hardened after putting it through a heat treatment process. It should not be confused with hardness, which is a measure of a sample's resistance to indentation or scratching. It is an important property for welding, since it is inversely proportional to weldability, that i... | Hardenability | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 621 | [
"Metallurgy",
"Materials science",
"nan"
] |
1,834,883 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vadose%20zone | The vadose zone, also termed the unsaturated zone, is the part of Earth between the land surface and the top of the phreatic zone, the position at which the groundwater (the water in the soil's pores) is at atmospheric pressure ("vadose" is from the Latin word for "shallow"). Hence, the vadose zone extends from the to... | Vadose zone | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 705 | [
"Hydrology",
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Soil mechanics",
"Soil physics",
"Aquifers",
"Environmental engineering",
"Hydrogeology"
] |
1,835,001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakayama%27s%20lemma | In mathematics, more specifically abstract algebra and commutative algebra, Nakayama's lemma — also known as the Krull–Azumaya theorem — governs the interaction between the Jacobson radical of a ring (typically a commutative ring) and its finitely generated modules. Informally, the lemma immediately gives a precise se... | Nakayama's lemma | [
"Mathematics"
] | 2,542 | [
"Theorems in algebra",
"Lemmas in algebra",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Algebraic geometry",
"Commutative algebra",
"Lemmas"
] |
1,836,020 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser%20ablation | Laser ablation or photoablation (also called laser blasting) is the process of removing material from a solid (or occasionally liquid) surface by irradiating it with a laser beam. At low laser flux, the material is heated by the absorbed laser energy and evaporates or sublimates. At high laser flux, the material is t... | Laser ablation | [
"Physics"
] | 2,755 | [
"Plasma technology and applications",
"Plasma physics"
] |
1,222,595 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tame%20group | In mathematical group theory, a tame group is a certain kind of group defined in model theory.
Formally, we define a bad field as a structure of the form (K, T), where K is an algebraically closed field and T is an infinite, proper, distinguished subgroup of K, such that (K, T) is of finite Morley rank in its full lan... | Tame group | [
"Mathematics"
] | 180 | [
"Mathematical structures",
"Mathematical logic",
"Properties of groups",
"Algebraic structures",
"Model theory"
] |
1,224,005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heck%20reaction | The Heck reaction (also called the Mizoroki–Heck reaction) is the chemical reaction of an unsaturated halide (or triflate) with an alkene in the presence of a base and a palladium catalyst to form a substituted alkene. It is named after Tsutomu Mizoroki and Richard F. Heck. Heck was awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Che... | Heck reaction | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,305 | [
"Coupling reactions",
"Name reactions",
"Carbon-carbon bond forming reactions",
"Organic reactions"
] |
1,224,067 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stille%20reaction | The Stille reaction is a chemical reaction widely used in organic synthesis. The reaction involves the coupling of two organic groups, one of which is carried as an organotin compound (also known as organostannanes). A variety of organic electrophiles provide the other coupling partner. The Stille reaction is one of ma... | Stille reaction | [
"Chemistry"
] | 6,178 | [
"Name reactions",
"Carbon-carbon bond forming reactions",
"Coupling reactions",
"Organic reactions"
] |
1,224,079 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzuki%20reaction | The Suzuki reaction or Suzuki coupling is an organic reaction that uses a palladium complex catalyst to cross-couple a boronic acid to an organohalide. It was first published in 1979 by Akira Suzuki, and he shared the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Richard F. Heck and Ei-ichi Negishi for their contribution to the d... | Suzuki reaction | [
"Chemistry"
] | 3,003 | [
"Coupling reactions",
"Name reactions",
"Carbon-carbon bond forming reactions",
"Organic reactions"
] |
1,225,188 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topoisomer | Topoisomers or topological isomers are molecules with the same chemical formula and stereochemical bond connectivities but different topologies. Examples of molecules for which there exist topoisomers include DNA, which can form knots, and catenanes. Each topoisomer of a given DNA molecule possesses a different linkin... | Topoisomer | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Mathematics"
] | 180 | [
"Materials science stubs",
"Stereochemistry",
"Molecular topology",
"Space",
"Stereochemistry stubs",
"nan",
"Nanotechnology stubs",
"Topology",
"Spacetime",
"Nanotechnology"
] |
1,225,755 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limb%20darkening | Limb darkening is an optical effect seen in stars (including the Sun) and planets, where the central part of the disk appears brighter than the edge, or limb. Its understanding offered early solar astronomers an opportunity to construct models with such gradients. This encouraged the development of the theory of radiat... | Limb darkening | [
"Physics"
] | 837 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Stellar phenomena",
"Solar phenomena"
] |
1,226,666 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adams%20operation | In mathematics, an Adams operation, denoted ψk for natural numbers k, is a cohomology operation in topological K-theory, or any allied operation in algebraic K-theory or other types of algebraic construction, defined on a pattern introduced by Frank Adams. The basic idea is to implement some fundamental identities in ... | Adams operation | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 484 | [
"Symmetry",
"Algebraic topology",
"Symmetric functions",
"Topology",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Algebra"
] |
1,226,719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cohomology%20operation | In mathematics, the cohomology operation concept became central to algebraic topology, particularly homotopy theory, from the 1950s onwards, in the shape of the simple definition that if F is a functor defining a cohomology theory, then a cohomology operation should be a natural transformation from F to itself. Through... | Cohomology operation | [
"Mathematics"
] | 457 | [
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Topology",
"Algebraic topology"
] |
20,696,848 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrate%20radical | Nitrogen trioxide or nitrate radical is an oxide of nitrogen with formula , consisting of three oxygen atoms covalently bound to a nitrogen atom. This highly unstable blue compound has not been isolated in pure form, but can be generated and observed as a short-lived component of gas, liquid, or solid systems.
Like n... | Nitrate radical | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 510 | [
"Senescence",
"Free radicals",
"Biomolecules"
] |
20,697,507 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunford%E2%80%93Schwartz%20theorem | In mathematics, particularly functional analysis, the Dunford–Schwartz theorem, named after Nelson Dunford and Jacob T. Schwartz, states that the averages of powers of certain norm-bounded operators on L1 converge in a suitable sense.
Statement
The statement is no longer true when the boundedness condition is rel... | Dunford–Schwartz theorem | [
"Mathematics"
] | 71 | [
"Theorems in mathematical analysis",
"Mathematical analysis",
"Theorems in functional analysis",
"Mathematical analysis stubs"
] |
20,698,214 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fendiline | Fendiline is a nonselective calcium channel blocker.
References
Calcium channel blockers
Amines | Fendiline | [
"Chemistry"
] | 23 | [
"Amines",
"Bases (chemistry)",
"Functional groups"
] |
20,700,323 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wien%20filter | A Wien filter also known as a velocity selector is a device consisting of perpendicular electric and magnetic fields that can be used as a velocity filter for charged particles, for example in electron microscopes and spectrometers. It is used in accelerator mass spectrometry to select particles based on their speed. T... | Wien filter | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 330 | [
"Electron",
"Materials science stubs",
"Electron microscopy",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Instrumental analysis",
"Mass",
"Mass spectrometry",
"Microscopy",
"Electromagnetism stubs",
"Matter"
] |
20,700,895 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistance%20distance%20%28mechanics%29 | Mechanics | Resistance distance (mechanics) | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 3 | [
"Mechanics",
"Mechanical engineering"
] |
20,709,007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid%20surface%20material | Solid surface material, also known as solid surface composite, is a man-made material usually composed of a combination of alumina trihydrate (ATH), acrylic, epoxy or polyester resins and pigments. It is most frequently used for seamless countertop installations.
A solid surface material was first introduced by DuPont... | Solid surface material | [
"Physics"
] | 522 | [
"Materials",
"Matter"
] |
15,580,787 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-g%20training | High-g training is done by aviators and astronauts who are subject to high levels of acceleration ('g'). It is designed to prevent a g-induced loss of consciousness (g-LOC), a situation when the action of g-forces moves the blood away from the brain to the extent that consciousness is lost.
Incidents of acceleration-in... | High-g training | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,026 | [
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Physical quantities",
"Acceleration"
] |
15,583,411 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schanuel%27s%20lemma | In mathematics, especially in the area of algebra known as module theory, Schanuel's lemma, named after Stephen Schanuel, allows one to compare how far modules depart from being projective. It is useful in defining the Heller operator in the stable category, and in giving elementary descriptions of dimension shifting.... | Schanuel's lemma | [
"Mathematics"
] | 405 | [
"Mathematical structures",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Category theory",
"Module theory",
"Homological algebra"
] |
15,584,482 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pregeometry%20%28physics%29 | In physics, a pregeometry is a hypothetical structure from which the geometry of the universe develops. Some cosmological models feature a pregeometric universe before the Big Bang. The term was championed by John Archibald Wheeler in the 1960s and 1970s as a possible route to a theory of quantum gravity. Since quantum... | Pregeometry (physics) | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,358 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Theoretical physics",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Quantum gravity",
"Geometry",
"Mathematical physics",
"Physics beyond the Standard Model"
] |
6,150,170 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle%20Data%20Group | The Particle Data Group (PDG) is an international collaboration of particle physicists that compiles and reanalyzes published results related to the properties of particles and fundamental interactions. It also publishes reviews of theoretical results that are phenomenologically relevant, including those in related fi... | Particle Data Group | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 768 | [
"Physical constants",
"Quantity",
"Physical quantities",
"Particle physics"
] |
6,154,036 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immittance | Immittance is a term used within electrical engineering and acoustics, specifically bioacoustics and the inner ear, to describe the combined measure of electrical or acoustic admittance and electrical or acoustic impedance. Immittance was initially coined by H. W. Bode in 1945, and was first used to describe the electr... | Immittance | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 538 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Electrical engineering",
"Physical properties",
"Electrical parameters"
] |
6,155,162 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digestate | Digestate is the material remaining after the anaerobic digestion (decomposition under low oxygen conditions) of a biodegradable feedstock. Anaerobic digestion produces two main products: digestate and biogas. Digestate is produced both by acidogenesis and methanogenesis and each has different characteristics. These ch... | Digestate | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 2,021 | [
"Biofuels technology",
"Biodegradable waste management",
"Biodegradation",
"Anaerobic digestion",
"Environmental engineering",
"Water technology",
"Biogas technology"
] |
40,708 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan%20variance | The Allan variance (AVAR), also known as two-sample variance, is a measure of frequency stability in clocks, oscillators and amplifiers. It is named after David W. Allan and expressed mathematically as .
The Allan deviation (ADEV), also known as sigma-tau, is the square root of the Allan variance, .
The M-sample varia... | Allan variance | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 7,502 | [
"Machines",
"Physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Clocks",
"Measurement",
"Size",
"Physical systems",
"Measuring instruments"
] |
40,720 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noise%20temperature%20%28antenna%29 | In radio frequency (RF) applications such as radio, radar and telecommunications, noise temperature of an antenna is a measure of the noise power density contributed by the antenna to the overall RF receiver system. It is defined as "the temperature of a resistor having an available thermal noise power per unit bandwi... | Noise temperature (antenna) | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 532 | [
"Scalar physical quantities",
"Temperature",
"Thermodynamic properties",
"Physical quantities",
"SI base quantities",
"Intensive quantities",
"Thermodynamics",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities"
] |
40,732 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric%20duct | In telecommunications, an atmospheric duct is a horizontal layer in the lower atmosphere in which the vertical refractive index gradients are such that radio signals (and light rays) are guided or ducted, tend to follow the curvature of the Earth, and experience less attenuation in the ducts than they would if the duct... | Atmospheric duct | [
"Physics"
] | 440 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Radio frequency propagation",
"Electromagnetic radiation",
"Electromagnetic spectrum",
"Waves",
"Radiation"
] |
40,735 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuation | In physics, attenuation (in some contexts, extinction) is the gradual loss of flux intensity through a medium. For instance, dark glasses attenuate sunlight, lead attenuates X-rays, and water and air attenuate both light and sound at variable attenuation rates.
Hearing protectors help reduce acoustic flux from flowing... | Attenuation | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 2,767 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Classical mechanics",
"Acoustics",
"Electrical engineering"
] |
40,815 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brewster%27s%20angle | Brewster's angle (also known as the polarization angle) is an angle of incidence at which light with a particular polarization is perfectly transmitted through a transparent dielectric surface, with no reflection. When unpolarized light is incident at this angle, the light that is reflected from the surface is therefor... | Brewster's angle | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,705 | [
"Geometric measurement",
"Scalar physical quantities",
"Physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Astrophysics",
"Polarization (waves)",
"Optical quantities",
"Angle",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities"
] |
40,843 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitive%20coupling | Capacitive coupling is the transfer of energy within an electrical network or between distant networks by means of displacement current between circuit(s) nodes, induced by the electric field. This coupling can have an intentional or accidental effect.
In its simplest implementation, capacitive coupling is achieved b... | Capacitive coupling | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 835 | [
"Electromagnetic compatibility",
"Radio electronics",
"Physical quantities",
"Capacitors",
"Capacitance",
"Electrical engineering"
] |
40,866 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characteristic%20impedance | The characteristic impedance or surge impedance (usually written Z0) of a uniform transmission line is the ratio of the amplitudes of voltage and current of a wave travelling in one direction along the line in the absence of reflections in the other direction. Equivalently, it can be defined as the input impedance of ... | Characteristic impedance | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 2,228 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Electronic engineering",
"Distributed element circuits",
"Physical properties"
] |
40,893 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherence%20length | In physics, coherence length is the propagation distance over which a coherent wave (e.g. an electromagnetic wave) maintains a specified degree of coherence. Wave interference is strong when the paths taken by all of the interfering waves differ by less than the coherence length. A wave with a longer coherence length ... | Coherence length | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 725 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Physical quantities",
"Electromagnetic radiation",
"Quantity",
"Waves",
"Motion (physics)",
"Radiation",
"Optical quantities"
] |
40,894 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherence%20time | For an electromagnetic wave, the coherence time is the time over which a propagating wave (especially a laser or maser beam) may be considered coherent, meaning that its phase is, on average, predictable.
In long-distance transmission systems, the coherence time may be reduced by propagation factors such as dispersion... | Coherence time | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 270 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Physical quantities",
"Radio frequency propagation",
"Electromagnetic radiation",
"Quantity",
"Electromagnetic spectrum",
"Waves",
"Radiation",
"Optical quantities"
] |
40,922 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communications%20security | Communications security is the discipline of preventing unauthorized interceptors from accessing telecommunications in an intelligible form, while still delivering content to the intended recipients.
In the North Atlantic Treaty Organization culture, including United States Department of Defense culture, it is often r... | Communications security | [
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 1,177 | [
"Cybersecurity engineering",
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Cryptography",
"Applied mathematics",
"Military communications"
] |
40,948 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Configuration%20management | Configuration management (CM) is a management process for establishing and maintaining consistency of a product's performance, functional, and physical attributes with its requirements, design, and operational information throughout its life. The CM process is widely used by military engineering organizations to manage... | Configuration management | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 3,395 | [
"Systems engineering",
"Computer engineering",
"Configuration management",
"Computer occupations",
"Software engineering",
"Information technology"
] |
41,026 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric | In electromagnetism, a dielectric (or dielectric medium) is an electrical insulator that can be polarised by an applied electric field. When a dielectric material is placed in an electric field, electric charges do not flow through the material as they do in an electrical conductor, because they have no loosely bound, ... | Dielectric | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 4,689 | [
"Electric and magnetic fields in matter",
"Materials science",
"Materials",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Dielectrics",
"Matter"
] |
41,031 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffraction%20grating | In optics, a diffraction grating is an optical grating with a periodic structure that diffracts light, or another type of electromagnetic radiation, into several beams traveling in different directions (i.e., different diffraction angles). The emerging coloration is a form of structural coloration. The directions or di... | Diffraction grating | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 5,323 | [
"Glass engineering and science",
"Optical components",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Crystallography",
"Diffraction",
"Spectroscopy",
"Components"
] |
41,049 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct-sequence%20spread%20spectrum | In telecommunications, direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) is a spread-spectrum modulation technique primarily used to reduce overall signal interference. The direct-sequence modulation makes the transmitted signal wider in bandwidth than the information bandwidth.
After the despreading or removal of the direct-seq... | Direct-sequence spread spectrum | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 844 | [
"Wireless networking",
"Computer networks engineering"
] |
41,057 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disturbance%20voltage | In telecommunications, a disturbance voltage is an unwanted voltage induced in a system by natural or man-made sources.
In telecommunications systems, the disturbance voltage creates currents that limit or interfere with the interchange of information. An example of a disturbance voltage is a voltage that produces (a)... | Disturbance voltage | [
"Engineering"
] | 94 | [
"Electrical engineering",
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Electrical parameters"
] |
41,068 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drop%20%28liquid%29 | A drop or droplet is a small column of liquid, bounded completely or almost completely by free surfaces. A drop may form when liquid accumulates at the end of a tube or other surface boundary, producing a hanging drop called a pendant drop. Drops may also be formed by the condensation of a vapor or by atomization of a ... | Drop (liquid) | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 1,669 | [
"Liquids",
"Chemical engineering",
"Phases of matter",
"Piping",
"Matter",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
41,078 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duty%20cycle | A duty cycle or power cycle is the fraction of one period in which a signal or system is active. Duty cycle is commonly expressed as a percentage or a ratio. A period is the time it takes for a signal to complete an on-and-off cycle. As a formula, a duty cycle (%) may be expressed as:
Equally, a duty cycle (ratio) ma... | Duty cycle | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 846 | [
"Electrical engineering",
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Mechanical engineering"
] |
41,092 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric%20field | An electric field (sometimes called E-field) is a physical field that surrounds electrically charged particles. In classical electromagnetism, the electric field of a single charge (or group of charges) describes their capacity to exert attractive or repulsive forces on another charged object. Charged particles exert a... | Electric field | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 4,078 | [
"Electromagnetism",
"Physical phenomena",
"Electromagnetic quantities",
"Physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Fundamental interactions"
] |
41,094 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic%20environment | In telecommunications, the term electromagnetic environment (EME) has the following meanings:
For a telecommunications system, the spatial distribution of electromagnetic fields surrounding a given site. The electromagnetic environment may be expressed in terms of the spatial and temporal distribution of electric fiel... | Electromagnetic environment | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 182 | [
"Radio electronics",
"Physical phenomena",
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Electromagnetic compatibility",
"Systems engineering",
"Reliability engineering",
"Electromagnetic radiation",
"Radiation",
"Electrical engineering"
] |
41,098 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic%20radiation%20and%20health | Electromagnetic radiation can be classified into two types: ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation, based on the capability of a single photon with more than 10 eV energy to ionize atoms or break chemical bonds. Extreme ultraviolet and higher frequencies, such as X-rays or gamma rays are ionizing, and these pose... | Electromagnetic radiation and health | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Biology"
] | 3,417 | [
"Radiation health effects",
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Radiobiology",
"Medical physics",
"Radiation effects",
"Radioactivity"
] |
41,130 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extinction%20ratio | In telecommunications, extinction ratio (re) is the ratio of two optical power levels of a digital signal generated by an optical source, e.g., a laser diode. The extinction ratio may be expressed as a fraction, in dB, or as a percentage. It may be given by
where P1 is the optical power level generated when the light ... | Extinction ratio | [
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 199 | [
"Quantity",
"Metrics",
"Engineering ratios"
] |
41,136 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fail-safe | In engineering, a fail-safe is a design feature or practice that, in the event of a failure of the design feature, inherently responds in a way that will cause minimal or no harm to other equipment, to the environment or to people. Unlike inherent safety to a particular hazard, a system being "fail-safe" does not mean ... | Fail-safe | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 2,628 | [
"Systems engineering",
"Fault-tolerant computer systems",
"Reliability engineering",
"Computer systems"
] |
41,148 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical%20amplifier | An optical amplifier is a device that amplifies an optical signal directly, without the need to first convert it to an electrical signal. An optical amplifier may be thought of as a laser without an optical cavity, or one in which feedback from the cavity is suppressed. Optical amplifiers are important in optical commu... | Optical amplifier | [
"Materials_science",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 5,681 | [
"Amplifiers",
"Glass engineering and science",
"Optical devices"
] |
41,210 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geostationary%20orbit | A geostationary orbit, also referred to as a geosynchronous equatorial orbit (GEO), is a circular geosynchronous orbit in altitude above Earth's equator, in radius from Earth's center, and following the direction of Earth's rotation.
An object in such an orbit has an orbital period equal to Earth's rotational period... | Geostationary orbit | [
"Engineering"
] | 3,624 | [
"Astrodynamics",
"Aerospace engineering"
] |
22,180,498 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birman%E2%80%93Wenzl%20algebra | In mathematics, the Birman–Murakami–Wenzl (BMW) algebra, introduced by and , is a two-parameter family of algebras of dimension having the Hecke algebra of the symmetric group as a quotient. It is related to the Kauffman polynomial of a link. It is a deformation of the Brauer algebra in much the same way that Heck... | Birman–Wenzl algebra | [
"Mathematics"
] | 510 | [
"Representation theory",
"Fields of abstract algebra"
] |
22,182,482 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressurizer%20%28nuclear%20power%29 | A pressurizer is a component of a pressurized water reactor. The basic design of the pressurized water reactor includes a requirement that the coolant (water) in the reactor coolant system must not boil. Put another way, the coolant must remain in the liquid state at all times, especially in the reactor vessel. To ac... | Pressurizer (nuclear power) | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 1,154 | [
"Structural engineering",
"Chemical equipment",
"Physical systems",
"Hydraulics",
"Pressure vessels"
] |
22,183,423 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioceramic | Bioceramics and bioglasses are ceramic materials that are biocompatible. Bioceramics are an important subset of biomaterials. Bioceramics range in biocompatibility from the ceramic oxides, which are inert in the body, to the other extreme of resorbable materials, which are eventually replaced by the body after they hav... | Bioceramic | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 2,523 | [
"Biomaterials",
"Biological engineering",
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Biomedical engineering",
"Materials science",
"Materials",
"nan",
"Ceramic engineering",
"Physical chemistry",
"Matter",
"Medical technology"
] |
2,541,207 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha%20Magnetic%20Spectrometer | The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) is a particle physics experiment module that is mounted on the International Space Station (ISS). The experiment is a recognized CERN experiment (RE1). The module is a detector that measures antimatter in cosmic rays; this information is needed to understand the formation of the... | Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer | [
"Physics"
] | 4,304 | [
"Dark matter",
"Experiments for dark matter search",
"Unsolved problems in physics"
] |
2,541,664 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equidistribution%20theorem | In mathematics, the equidistribution theorem is the statement that the sequence
a, 2a, 3a, ... mod 1
is uniformly distributed on the circle , when a is an irrational number. It is a special case of the ergodic theorem where one takes the normalized angle measure .
History
While this theorem was proved in 1909 and 1... | Equidistribution theorem | [
"Mathematics"
] | 780 | [
"Mathematical theorems",
"Ergodic theory",
"Theorems in number theory",
"Mathematical relations",
"Mathematical problems",
"Diophantine approximation",
"Approximations",
"Number theory",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
2,544,024 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SH2%20domain | The SH2 (Src Homology 2) domain is a structurally conserved protein domain contained within the Src oncoprotein and in many other intracellular signal-transducing proteins. SH2 domains bind to phosphorylated tyrosine residues on other proteins, modifying the function or activity of the SH2-containing protein. The SH2 ... | SH2 domain | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 1,119 | [
"Protein classification",
"Signal transduction",
"Protein domains",
"Biochemistry",
"Neurochemistry"
] |
2,544,098 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orientation%20%28geometry%29 | In geometry, the orientation, attitude, bearing, direction, or angular position of an object – such as a line, plane or rigid body – is part of the description of how it is placed in the space it occupies.
More specifically, it refers to the imaginary rotation that is needed to move the object from a reference placemen... | Orientation (geometry) | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,452 | [
"Topology",
"Space",
"Geometry",
"Spacetime",
"Orientation (geometry)"
] |
2,544,439 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherent%20control | Coherent control is a quantum mechanics-based method for controlling dynamic processes by light. The basic principle is to control quantum interference phenomena, typically by shaping the phase of laser pulses. The basic ideas have proliferated, finding vast application in spectroscopy, mass spectra, quantum informati... | Coherent control | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,269 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Control theory",
"Theoretical physics",
"Quantum mechanics",
"nan",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
2,544,518 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitance%20multiplier | A capacitance multiplier is designed to make a capacitor function like a much larger capacitor. This can be achieved in at least two ways.
An active circuit, using a device such as a transistor or operational amplifier
A passive circuit, using autotransformers. These are typically used for calibration standards. The ... | Capacitance multiplier | [
"Engineering"
] | 593 | [
"Electronic engineering",
"Electronic circuits"
] |
2,545,328 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fl%C3%A8che%20%28architecture%29 | A flèche (; ) is the name given to spires in Gothic architecture. In French, the word is applied to any spire, but in English it has the technical meaning of a spirelet or spike on the rooftop of a building. In particular, the spirelets often were built atop the crossings of major churches in mediaeval French Gothic ar... | Flèche (architecture) | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 293 | [
"Building engineering",
"Architectural elements",
"Components",
"Architecture"
] |
2,545,846 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enstrophy | In fluid dynamics, the enstrophy can be interpreted as another type of potential density; or, more concretely, the quantity directly related to the kinetic energy in the flow model that corresponds to dissipation effects in the fluid. It is particularly useful in the study of turbulent flows, and is often identified i... | Enstrophy | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 272 | [
"Turbulence",
"Continuum mechanics",
"Chemical engineering",
"Classical mechanics",
"Piping",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
2,546,032 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light%20of%20Saratoga | The Light of Saratoga is a legend located in the Big Thicket of Southeast Texas. This legend of a mysterious light is also known as the Ghost Road of Saratoga, the Saratoga Light, and Bragg Light by local residents. Located on a dirt road, it is a light that may appear and disappear at random during the dark of night w... | Light of Saratoga | [
"Physics"
] | 539 | [
"Weather",
"Physical phenomena",
"Weather lore"
] |
2,546,505 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mogul%20lamp | A mogul lamp or six way lamp is a floor lamp which has a large center light bulb surrounded by three (or four) smaller bulbs that may be candelabra-style or standard medium-base bulbs, each mounted base-down. This entire setting is typically covered, at least partially, by a large cylindrical (or bell-shaped) fabric s... | Mogul lamp | [
"Engineering"
] | 549 | [
"Design stubs",
"Design"
] |
18,490,588 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drill%20pipe | Drill pipe, is hollow, thin-walled, steel or aluminium alloy piping that is used on drilling rigs. It is hollow to allow drilling fluid to be pumped down the hole through the bit and back up the annulus. It comes in a variety of sizes, strengths, and wall thicknesses, but is typically 27 to 32 feet in length (Range 2)... | Drill pipe | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 872 | [
"Piping",
"Chemical engineering",
"Mechanical engineering",
"Building engineering"
] |
18,491,612 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LP%20Aquarii | LP Aquarii is a pulsating variable star in the constellation of Aquarius that varies between magnitudes 6.30 and 6.64. The position of the star near the ecliptic means it is subject to lunar occultations.
The star's variability was first detected in the Hipparcos satellite data, and it was given its variable star desi... | LP Aquarii | [
"Astronomy"
] | 110 | [
"Constellations",
"Aquarius (constellation)"
] |
18,492,176 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryofixation | Cryofixation is a technique for fixation or stabilisation of biological materials as the first step in specimen preparation for the electron microscopy and cryo-electron microscopy. Typical specimens for cryofixation include small samples of plant or animal tissue, cell suspensions of microorganisms or cultured cells, ... | Cryofixation | [
"Chemistry"
] | 668 | [
"Microscopy"
] |
18,493,095 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open%20world | In video games, an open world is a virtual world in which the player can approach objectives freely, as opposed to a world with more linear and structured gameplay. Notable games in this category include The Legend of Zelda (1986), Grand Theft Auto V (2013), Red Dead Redemption 2 (2018) and Minecraft (2011).
Games wit... | Open world | [
"Technology"
] | 4,315 | [
"Computing terminology",
"Video game terminology"
] |
18,493,882 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LY-404187 | LY-404187 is an AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulator which was developed by Eli Lilly and Company. It is a member of the biarylpropylsulfonamide class of AMPA receptor potentiators.
LY-404187 has been demonstrated to enhance cognitive function in animal studies, and has also shown effects suggesting antidepress... | LY-404187 | [
"Chemistry"
] | 234 | [
"Nitriles",
"Functional groups"
] |
18,494,381 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MSpot | mSpot Inc. is the developer of Samsung Music Hub – an all-in-one mobile music service that includes a streaming catalog, cloud music storage, radio, and music store. The service was currently available for Samsung smart mobile devices in the U.S. and EU countries including the UK, France, Germany, Italy and Spain. mSpo... | MSpot | [
"Technology"
] | 364 | [
"Mobile technology companies"
] |
10,457,720 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engine%E2%80%93generator | An engine–generator is the combination of an electrical generator and an engine (prime mover) mounted together to form a single piece of equipment. This combination is also called an engine–generator set or a gen-set. In many contexts, the engine is taken for granted and the combined unit is simply called a generator. ... | Engine–generator | [
"Physics",
"Technology"
] | 1,743 | [
"Physical systems",
"Electrical generators",
"Machines",
"Engines"
] |
10,463,746 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPC%20%28electronics%29 | IPC is a trade association whose aim is to standardize the assembly and production requirements of electronic equipment and assemblies. IPC is headquartered in Bannockburn, Illinois, United States with additional offices in Washington, D.C. Atlanta, Ga., and Miami, Fla. in the United States, and overseas offices in Chi... | IPC (electronics) | [
"Engineering"
] | 925 | [
"Electrical engineering",
"Electronic engineering",
"Printed circuit board manufacturing"
] |
10,465,001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eigenvalue%20perturbation | In mathematics, an eigenvalue perturbation problem is that of finding the eigenvectors and eigenvalues of a system that is perturbed from one with known eigenvectors and eigenvalues . This is useful for studying how sensitive the original system's eigenvectors and eigenvalues are to changes in the system.
This type... | Eigenvalue perturbation | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 2,239 | [
"Perturbation theory",
"Calculus",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Differential calculus",
"Linear algebra",
"Multivariable calculus",
"Algebra"
] |
10,470,165 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal%20contact | In heat transfer and thermodynamics, a thermodynamic system is said to be in thermal contact with another system if it can exchange energy through the process of heat. Perfect thermal isolation is an idealization as real systems are always in thermal contact with their environment to some extent.
When two solid bodies... | Thermal contact | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics"
] | 222 | [
"Thermodynamics stubs",
"Transport phenomena",
"Physical phenomena",
"Heat transfer",
"Thermodynamics",
"Physical chemistry stubs",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
19,515,615 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carter%20PAV | The Carter PAV (Personal Air Vehicle) is a two-bladed, compound autogyro developed by Carter Aviation Technologies to demonstrate slowed rotor technology. The design has an unpowered rotor mounted on top of the fuselage, wings like a conventional fixed-wing aircraft mounted underneath, and a controllable pitch pusher p... | Carter PAV | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,513 | [
"Slowed rotor",
"Aerospace engineering"
] |
19,516,582 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bailey%20pair | In mathematics, a Bailey pair is a pair of sequences satisfying certain relations, and a Bailey chain is a sequence of Bailey pairs. Bailey pairs were introduced by while studying the second proof Rogers 1917 of the Rogers–Ramanujan identities, and Bailey chains were introduced by .
Definition
The q-Pochhammer symbol... | Bailey pair | [
"Mathematics"
] | 197 | [
"Special functions",
"Q-analogs",
"Combinatorics"
] |
19,518,308 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SimRank | SimRank is a general similarity measure, based on a simple and intuitive graph-theoretic model.
SimRank is applicable in any domain with object-to-object relationships, that measures similarity of the structural context in which objects occur, based on their relationships with other objects.
Effectively, SimRank is a m... | SimRank | [
"Physics"
] | 1,591 | [
"Similarity measures",
"Physical quantities",
"Distance"
] |
19,519,695 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Board-to-board%20connector | Board-to-board (BTB) connectors are used to connect printed circuit boards (PCB), electronic components that contain a conductive pattern printed on the surface of the insulating base in an accurate and repeatable manner. Each terminal on a BTB connector is connected to a PCB.
A BTB connector includes housing and a spe... | Board-to-board connector | [
"Engineering"
] | 226 | [
"Electrical engineering",
"Electronic engineering",
"Printed circuit board manufacturing"
] |
12,754,000 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex%20metal%20hydride | Complex metal hydrides are salts wherein the anions contain hydrides. In older chemical literature and even in contemporary materials science textbooks, a "metal hydride" is assumed to be nonmolecular, i.e. three-dimensional lattices of atomic ions. In such systems, hydrides are often interstitial and nonstoichiometr... | Complex metal hydride | [
"Chemistry"
] | 327 | [
"Metal hydrides",
"Inorganic compounds",
"nan",
"Reducing agents"
] |
12,755,108 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patterning%20by%20etching%20at%20the%20nanoscale | Patterning by Etching at the nanoscale (PENs) is a soft lithographic technique in which the bonds in the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix are broken to controlably etch PDMS (i.e. dissolve) at a slow rate along the outside of a PDMS channel formed with a patterned PDMS stamp applied to a surface. The channel in the... | Patterning by etching at the nanoscale | [
"Materials_science"
] | 350 | [
"Nanotechnology",
"Nanoelectronics"
] |
12,756,281 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinostat | A clinostat is a device which uses rotation to negate the effects of gravitational pull on plant growth (gravitropism) and development (gravimorphism). It has also been used to study the effects of microgravity on cell cultures, animal embryos and spider webs.
Description
A single axis (or horizontal) clinostat consis... | Clinostat | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,182 | [
"Measuring instruments",
"Gravitational instruments"
] |
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