id int64 39 79M | url stringlengths 32 168 | text stringlengths 7 145k | source stringlengths 2 105 | categories listlengths 1 6 | token_count int64 3 32.2k | subcategories listlengths 0 27 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
25,668,921 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcano%20plot%20%28statistics%29 | In statistics, a volcano plot is a type of scatter-plot that is used to quickly identify changes in large data sets composed of replicate data. It plots significance versus fold-change on the y and x axes, respectively. These plots are increasingly common in omic experiments such as genomics, proteomics, and metabolo... | Volcano plot (statistics) | [
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 653 | [
"Bioinformatics",
"Biological engineering"
] |
2,792,254 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton%20Synchrotron | The Proton Synchrotron (PS, sometimes also referred to as CPS) is a particle accelerator at CERN. It is CERN's first synchrotron, beginning its operation in 1959. For a brief period the PS was the world's highest energy particle accelerator. It has since served as a pre-accelerator for the Intersecting Storage Rings (... | Proton Synchrotron | [
"Physics"
] | 2,296 | [
"Accelerator physics",
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Experimental physics"
] |
2,792,708 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar%20physics | Solar physics is the branch of astrophysics that specializes in the study of the Sun. It intersects with many disciplines of pure physics and astrophysics.
Because the Sun is uniquely situated for close-range observing (other stars cannot be resolved with anything like the spatial or temporal resolution that the Sun c... | Solar physics | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 1,426 | [
"Space science",
"Astronomical sub-disciplines",
"Outer space",
"Astrophysics"
] |
2,793,007 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madhava%20of%20Sangamagrama | Mādhava of Sangamagrāma (Mādhavan) () was an Indian mathematician and astronomer who is considered to be the founder of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics in the Late Middle Ages. Madhava made pioneering contributions to the study of infinite series, calculus, trigonometry, geometry and algebra. He was the ... | Madhava of Sangamagrama | [
"Mathematics"
] | 3,653 | [
"Sequences and series",
"Mathematical structures",
"Series (mathematics)",
"Calculus",
"Mathematics of infinitesimals",
"History of calculus"
] |
2,795,027 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploded-view%20drawing | An exploded-view drawing is a diagram, picture, schematic or technical drawing of an object, that shows the relationship or order of assembly of various parts.
It shows the components of an object slightly separated by distance, or suspended in surrounding space in the case of a three-dimensional exploded diagram. An ... | Exploded-view drawing | [
"Engineering"
] | 676 | [
"Design engineering",
"Technical drawing",
"Civil engineering"
] |
2,795,314 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airborne%20wind%20turbine | An airborne wind turbine is a design concept for a wind turbine with a rotor supported in the air without a tower, thus benefiting from the higher velocity and persistence of wind at high altitudes, while avoiding the expense of tower construction, or the need for slip rings or yaw mechanism. An electrical generator ma... | Airborne wind turbine | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,038 | [
"Electrical generators",
"Machines",
"Aerodynamics",
"Physical systems",
"Electromechanical engineering",
"Mechanical engineering by discipline",
"Aerospace engineering",
"Electrical engineering",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
2,796,079 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical%20enclosure | An electrical enclosure is a cabinet for electrical or electronic equipment to mount switches, knobs and displays and to prevent electrical shock to equipment users and protect the contents from the environment. The enclosure is the only part of the equipment which is seen by users. It may be designed not only for its ... | Electrical enclosure | [
"Engineering"
] | 923 | [
"Electrical enclosures",
"Electrical engineering"
] |
2,796,131 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction%20to%20quantum%20mechanics | Quantum mechanics is the study of matter and its interactions with energy on the scale of atomic and subatomic particles. By contrast, classical physics explains matter and energy only on a scale familiar to human experience, including the behavior of astronomical bodies such as the moon. Classical physics is still use... | Introduction to quantum mechanics | [
"Physics"
] | 6,984 | [
"Theoretical physics",
"Quantum mechanics"
] |
2,796,616 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service-oriented%20development%20of%20applications | In the field of software application development, service-oriented development of applications (or SODA)
is a way of producing service-oriented architecture applications. Use of the term SODA was first used by the Gartner research firm.
SODA represents one possible activity for company to engage in when making the tra... | Service-oriented development of applications | [
"Technology"
] | 180 | [
"Computing stubs",
"Computer science",
"Computer science stubs"
] |
2,796,758 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space%20Exploration%20Alliance | The Space Exploration Alliance (SEA) is an umbrella organization formed by 13 United States space advocacy groups, industry associations, and space policy organizations. It was established on June 3, 2004. The SEA's primary objective is to support the refocus of NASA's human space activities toward exploration beyond l... | Space Exploration Alliance | [
"Astronomy"
] | 449 | [
"Space advocacy organizations",
"Astronomy organizations"
] |
2,797,401 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COMSOL%20Multiphysics | COMSOL Multiphysics is a finite element analyzer, solver, and simulation software package for various physics and engineering applications, especially coupled phenomena and multiphysics. The software facilitates conventional physics-based user interfaces and coupled systems of partial differential equations (PDEs). COM... | COMSOL Multiphysics | [
"Physics"
] | 201 | [
"Physics software",
"Computational physics stubs",
"Computational physics"
] |
30,256,643 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium%20ammonium%20nitrate | Calcium ammonium nitrate or CAN, also known as nitro-limestone or nitrochalk, is a widely used inorganic fertilizer, accounting for 4% of all nitrogen fertilizer used worldwide in 2007.
Production
The term "calcium ammonium nitrate" is applied to multiple different, but closely related formulations. One variety of c... | Calcium ammonium nitrate | [
"Chemistry"
] | 484 | [
"Double salts",
"Oxidizing agents",
"Nitrates",
"Salts",
"Ammonium compounds"
] |
30,258,075 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIGLA | Folliculogenesis-specific basic helix-loop-helix, also known as factor in the germline alpha (FIGalpha) or transcription factor FIGa, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FIGLA gene. The FIGLA gene is a germ cell-specific transcription factor preferentially expressed in oocytes that can be found on human chrom... | FIGLA | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 355 | [
"Induced stem cells",
"Gene expression",
"Transcription factors",
"Signal transduction"
] |
30,258,345 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetoelectrochemistry | Magnetoelectrochemistry is a branch of electrochemistry dealing with magnetic effects in electrochemistry.
History
These effects have been supposed to exist since the time of Michael Faraday.
There have also been observations on the existence of Hall effect in electrolytes. Until these observations, magnetoelectrochem... | Magnetoelectrochemistry | [
"Chemistry"
] | 195 | [
"Electrochemistry",
"Physical chemistry stubs",
"Electrochemistry stubs"
] |
30,268,344 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CGHS%20model | The Callan–Giddings–Harvey–Strominger model or CGHS model in short is a toy model of general relativity in 1 spatial and 1 time dimension.
Overview
General relativity is a highly nonlinear model, and as such, its 3+1D version is usually too complicated to analyze in detail. In 3+1D and higher, propagating gravitationa... | CGHS model | [
"Physics"
] | 704 | [
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"General relativity",
"Quantum gravity",
"Theory of relativity",
"Physics beyond the Standard Model"
] |
3,751,191 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torricelli%27s%20law | Torricelli's law, also known as Torricelli's theorem, is a theorem in fluid dynamics relating the speed of fluid flowing from a hole to the height of fluid above the hole. The law states that the speed of efflux of a fluid through a sharp-edged hole in the wall of the tank filled to a height above the hole is the sam... | Torricelli's law | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 2,243 | [
"Physics experiments",
"Equations of physics",
"Chemical engineering",
"Eponymous theorems of physics",
"Experimental physics",
"Piping",
"Fluid dynamics",
"Physics theorems"
] |
3,752,883 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A15%20phases | The A15 phases (also known as β-W or Cr3Si structure types) are series of intermetallic compounds with the chemical formula A3B (where A is a transition metal and B can be any element) and a specific structure. The A15 phase is also one of the members in the Frank–Kasper phases family. Many of these compounds have supe... | A15 phases | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 587 | [
"Inorganic compounds",
"Metallurgy",
"Superconductivity",
"Crystal structure types",
"Crystallography",
"Intermetallics",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Alloys",
"Superconductors"
] |
3,753,477 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McMaster%20Nuclear%20Reactor | The McMaster Nuclear Reactor (MNR) is a 5 MWth open pool reactor located on the campus of McMaster University, in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Description
MNR began operating in April 1959, as the first university-based research reactor in the Commonwealth of Nations, and has been the highest-flux research reactor in Ca... | McMaster Nuclear Reactor | [
"Engineering"
] | 599 | [
"Nuclear research institutes",
"Nuclear organizations"
] |
3,753,827 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%2C10-Bis%28phenylethynyl%29anthracene | 9,10-Bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene (BPEA) is an aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula is C30H18. It displays strong fluorescence and is used as a chemiluminescent fluorophore with high quantum efficiency.
It is used in lightsticks as a fluorophor producing ghostly green light. It is also used as a dopant for o... | 9,10-Bis(phenylethynyl)anthracene | [
"Chemistry"
] | 307 | [
"Semiconductor materials",
"Molecular electronics",
"Organic semiconductors"
] |
3,754,843 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supervisory%20control%20theory | The supervisory control theory (SCT), also known as the Ramadge–Wonham framework (RW framework), is a method for automatically synthesizing supervisors that restrict the behavior of a plant such that as much as possible of the given specifications are fulfilled. The plant is assumed to spontaneously generate events. Th... | Supervisory control theory | [
"Mathematics"
] | 171 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Control theory",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
3,755,359 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confluence | In geography, a confluence (also: conflux) occurs where two or more watercourses join to form a single channel. A confluence can occur in several configurations: at the point where a tributary joins a larger river (main stem); or where two streams meet to become the source of a river of a new name (such as the conflu... | Confluence | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 3,730 | [
"Hydrology",
"Chemical engineering",
"Physical systems",
"Hydraulics",
"Civil engineering",
"Environmental engineering",
"Piping",
"Hydraulic engineering",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
3,755,801 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SU-8%20photoresist | SU-8 is a commonly used epoxy-based negative photoresist. Negative refers to a photoresist whereby the parts exposed to UV become cross-linked, while the remainder of the film remains soluble and can be washed away during development.
As shown in the structural diagram, SU-8 derives its name from the presence of 8 epo... | SU-8 photoresist | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 1,755 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Materials science",
"nan",
"Polymer chemistry",
"Polymers"
] |
35,544,664 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yang%E2%80%93Mills%20equations | In physics and mathematics, and especially differential geometry and gauge theory, the Yang–Mills equations are a system of partial differential equations for a connection on a vector bundle or principal bundle. They arise in physics as the Euler–Lagrange equations of the Yang–Mills action functional. They have also fo... | Yang–Mills equations | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 3,044 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Theoretical physics",
"Mathematical physics"
] |
35,547,268 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial%20morphological%20plasticity | Bacterial morphological plasticity refers to changes in the shape and size that bacterial cells undergo when they encounter stressful environments. Although bacteria have evolved complex molecular strategies to maintain their shape, many are able to alter their shape as a survival strategy in response to protist preda... | Bacterial morphological plasticity | [
"Biology"
] | 3,805 | [
"Morphology (biology)"
] |
35,548,424 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systematic%20Protein%20Investigative%20Research%20Environment | Systematic Protein Investigative Research Environment (SPIRE) provides web-based experiment-specific mass spectrometry (MS) proteomics analysis in order to identify proteins and peptides, and label-free expression and relative expression analyses. SPIRE provides a web-interface and generates results in both interactive... | Systematic Protein Investigative Research Environment | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 248 | [
"Mass spectrometry software",
"Mass spectrometry",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Chemistry software"
] |
35,549,075 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regularized%20meshless%20method | In numerical mathematics, the regularized meshless method (RMM), also known as the singular meshless method or desingularized meshless method, is a meshless boundary collocation method designed to solve certain partial differential equations whose fundamental solution is explicitly known. The RMM is a strong-form collo... | Regularized meshless method | [
"Mathematics"
] | 817 | [
"Computational mathematics",
"Mathematical relations",
"Approximations",
"Numerical analysis"
] |
35,550,129 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State%20Batteries%20in%20Western%20Australia | State Batteries in Western Australia were government owned and run ore-crushing facilities for the gold mining industry. Western Australia was the only Australian state to provide batteries to assist gold prospectors and small mines. They existed in almost all of the mineral fields of Western Australia.
State Batteri... | State Batteries in Western Australia | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 630 | [
"Stamp mills",
"Metallurgical facilities",
"Mining equipment"
] |
35,551,743 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlitz%20exponential | In mathematics, the Carlitz exponential is a characteristic p analogue to the usual exponential function studied in real and complex analysis. It is used in the definition of the Carlitz module – an example of a Drinfeld module.
Definition
We work over the polynomial ring Fq[T] of one variable over a finite field Fq ... | Carlitz exponential | [
"Mathematics"
] | 304 | [
"Algebraic number theory",
"Number theory"
] |
35,552,831 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliogenesis | Ciliogenesis is defined as the building of the cell's antenna (primary cilia) or extracellular fluid mediation mechanism (motile cilium). It includes the assembly and disassembly of the cilia during the cell cycle. Cilia are important appendages of cells and are involved in numerous activities such as cell signaling, ... | Ciliogenesis | [
"Biology"
] | 1,178 | [
"Cell biology"
] |
35,554,502 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-Omics%20Profiling%20Expression%20Database | The Multi-Omics Profiling Expression Database (MOPED) was an expanding multi-omics resource that supports rapid browsing of transcriptomics and proteomics information from publicly available studies on model organisms and humans. As to date (2021) it has ceased activities and is unaccessible online.
Systematic Protein... | Multi-Omics Profiling Expression Database | [
"Biology"
] | 362 | [
"Bioinformatics",
"Omics",
"Biological databases"
] |
28,807,941 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95-net%20%28computational%20geometry%29 | In computational geometry, an ε-net (pronounced epsilon-net) is the approximation of a general set by a collection of simpler subsets. In probability theory it is the approximation of one probability distribution by another.
Background
Let X be a set and R be a set of subsets of X; such a pair is called a range spac... | Ε-net (computational geometry) | [
"Mathematics"
] | 599 | [
"Computational geometry",
"Computational mathematics"
] |
28,808,092 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlgaePARC | Wageningen UR (University & Research centre) has constructed AlgaePARC (Algae Production And Research Centre) at the Wageningen Campus. The goal of AlgaePARC is to fill the gap between fundamental research on algae and full-scale algae production facilities. This will be done by setting up flexible pilot scale faciliti... | AlgaePARC | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 507 | [
"Bioreactors",
"Biological engineering",
"Bioengineering stubs",
"Chemical reactors",
"Biotechnology stubs",
"Biochemical engineering",
"Biotechnology",
"Microbiology equipment",
"nan"
] |
28,812,064 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rising%20step%20load%20testing | Rising Step Load Testing (or RSL testing) is a testing system that can apply loads in tension or bending to evaluate hydrogen-induced cracking (also called hydrogen embrittlement). It was specifically designed to conduct the accelerated ASTM F1624 step-modified, slow strain rate tests on a variety of test coupons or s... | Rising step load testing | [
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 815 | [
"Structural engineering",
"Fracture mechanics",
"Materials science",
"Materials testing",
"Materials degradation"
] |
21,284,666 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmholtz-Zentrum%20Berlin | Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (Helmholtz Centre for Materials and Energy, HZB) is part of the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres. The institute studies the structure and dynamics of materials and investigates solar cell technology. It also runs the third-generation BESSY II synchrot... | Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 466 | [
"Nuclear research institutes",
"Nuclear organizations",
"Nuclear technology",
"Materials testing",
"Nuclear physics",
"Synchrotron radiation facilities"
] |
21,284,746 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NPDGamma%20experiment | NPDGamma is an ongoing effort to measure the parity-violating asymmetry in polarized cold neutron capture on parahydrogen.
Polarized neutrons of energies 2 meV – 15 meV are incident on a liquid parahydrogen target. The neutrons are captured, forming deuterium and releasing a gamma ray with an energy of 2.2 MeV (the b... | NPDGamma experiment | [
"Physics"
] | 356 | [
"Theoretical physics",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Particle physics",
"Nuclear physics",
"Particle physics stubs"
] |
21,291,452 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lugeon | A Lugeon is a unit devised to quantify the water permeability of bedrock and the hydraulic conductivity resulting from fractures; it is named after Maurice Lugeon, a Swiss geologist who first formulated the method in 1933. More specifically, the Lugeon test is used to measure the amount of water injected into a segment... | Lugeon | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 170 | [
"Hydrology",
"Hydrology stubs",
"Environmental engineering"
] |
2,008,215 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark%20model | In particle physics, the quark model is a classification scheme for hadrons in terms of their valence quarks—the quarks and antiquarks that give rise to the quantum numbers of the hadrons. The quark model underlies "flavor SU(3)", or the Eightfold Way, the successful classification scheme organizing the large number o... | Quark model | [
"Physics"
] | 2,641 | [
"Standard Model",
"Hadrons",
"Subatomic particles",
"Particle physics",
"nan",
"Matter"
] |
2,008,633 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansys | Ansys, Inc. is an American multinational company with its headquarters based in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. It develops and markets CAE/multiphysics engineering simulation software for product design, testing and operation and offers its products and services to customers worldwide.
History
Origins
Ansys was founded in... | Ansys | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Technology"
] | 2,130 | [
"Announced information technology acquisitions",
"Computational fluid dynamics",
"Computational physics",
"Information technology",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
2,009,061 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regularization%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, statistics, finance, and computer science, particularly in machine learning and inverse problems, regularization is a process that converts the answer of a problem to a simpler one. It is often used in solving ill-posed problems or to prevent overfitting.
Although regularization procedures can be divid... | Regularization (mathematics) | [
"Mathematics"
] | 3,078 | [
"Inverse problems",
"Applied mathematics",
"Mathematical analysis"
] |
2,009,062 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regularization%20%28physics%29 | In physics, especially quantum field theory, regularization is a method of modifying observables which have singularities in order to make them finite by the introduction of a suitable parameter called the regulator. The regulator, also known as a "cutoff", models our lack of knowledge about physics at unobserved sc... | Regularization (physics) | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 3,048 | [
"Sequences and series",
"Quantum field theory",
"Mathematical structures",
"Summability methods",
"Quantum mechanics",
"nan"
] |
2,009,207 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small-angle%20approximation | For small angles, the trigonometric functions sine, cosine, and tangent can be calculated with reasonable accuracy by the following simple approximations:
provided the angle is measured in radians. Angles measured in degrees must first be converted to radians by multiplying them by .
These approximations have a wide ... | Small-angle approximation | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 1,435 | [
"Concepts in astronomy",
"Equations of astronomy"
] |
2,009,397 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium%20borate | Lithium borate, also known as lithium tetraborate is an inorganic compound with the formula Li2B4O7. A colorless solid, lithium borate is used in making glasses and ceramics.
Structure
Its structure consists of a polymeric borate backbone. The Li+ centers are bound to four and five oxygen ligands. Boron centers are ... | Lithium borate | [
"Chemistry"
] | 149 | [
"Inorganic compounds",
"Inorganic compound stubs"
] |
2,009,410 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium%20acetate | Lithium acetate (CH3COOLi) is a salt of lithium and acetic acid. It is often abbreviated as LiOAc.
Uses
Lithium acetate is used in the laboratory as buffer for gel electrophoresis of DNA and RNA. It has a lower electrical conductivity and can be run at higher speeds than can gels made from TAE buffer (5-30V/cm as c... | Lithium acetate | [
"Chemistry"
] | 288 | [
"Lithium salts",
"Salts"
] |
2,009,899 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicero%20%28typography%29 | A cicero is a unit of measure used in typography in Italy, France and other continental European countries, first used by Pannartz and Sweynheim in 1468 for the edition of Cicero's Epistulae ad Familiares. The font size thus acquired the name cicero.
It is of the historical French inch, and is divided into 12 point... | Cicero (typography) | [
"Mathematics"
] | 222 | [
"Quantity",
"Units of measurement",
"Units of length"
] |
6,701,870 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOON%20state | In quantum optics, a NOON state or N00N state is a quantum-mechanical many-body entangled state:
which represents a superposition of N particles in mode a with zero particles in mode b, and vice versa. Usually, the particles are photons, but in principle any bosonic field can support NOON states.
Applications
NOO... | NOON state | [
"Physics"
] | 749 | [
"Quantum states",
"Quantum mechanics"
] |
6,703,729 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramanujan%27s%20congruences | In mathematics, Ramanujan's congruences are the congruences for the partition function p(n) discovered by Srinivasa Ramanujan:
In plain words, e.g., the first congruence means that If a number is 4 more than a multiple of 5, i.e. it is in the sequence
4, 9, 14, 19, 24, 29, . . .
then the number of its partitions is a... | Ramanujan's congruences | [
"Mathematics"
] | 669 | [
"Mathematical theorems",
"Mathematical problems",
"Number theory",
"Theorems in number theory"
] |
1,370,229 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrorheological%20fluid | Electrorheological (ER) fluids are suspensions of extremely fine non-conducting but electrically active particles (up to 50 micrometres diameter) in an electrically insulating fluid. The apparent viscosity of these fluids changes reversibly by an order of up to 100,000 in response to an electric field. For example, a t... | Electrorheological fluid | [
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 1,653 | [
"Smart materials",
"Materials science"
] |
1,371,370 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NIPRNet | The Non-classified Internet Protocol (IP) Router Network (NIPRNet) is an IP network used to exchange unclassified information, including information subject to controls on distribution, among the private network's users. The NIPRNet also provides its users access to the Internet.
It is one of the United States Departm... | NIPRNet | [
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 371 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Cryptography",
"Cybersecurity engineering"
] |
1,371,504 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gear%20pump | A gear pump uses the meshing of gears to pump fluid by displacement. They are one of the most common types of pumps for hydraulic fluid power applications. The gear pump was invented around 1600 by Johannes Kepler.
Gear pumps are also widely used in chemical installations to pump high-viscosity fluids. There are two ... | Gear pump | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 789 | [
"Pumps",
"Turbomachinery",
"Physical systems",
"Hydraulics",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
1,372,446 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational%20anomaly | In theoretical physics, a gravitational anomaly is an example of a gauge anomaly: it is an effect of quantum mechanics — usually a one-loop diagram—that invalidates the general covariance of a theory of general relativity combined with some other fields. The adjective "gravitational" is derived from the symmetry of a g... | Gravitational anomaly | [
"Physics"
] | 411 | [
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Quantum gravity",
"Physics beyond the Standard Model",
"Quantum physics stubs"
] |
1,372,610 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coleman%E2%80%93Mandula%20theorem | In theoretical physics, the Coleman–Mandula theorem is a no-go theorem stating that spacetime and internal symmetries can only combine in a trivial way. This means that the charges associated with internal symmetries must always transform as Lorentz scalars. Some notable exceptions to the no-go theorem are conformal sy... | Coleman–Mandula theorem | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,429 | [
"Theorems in quantum mechanics",
"Quantum field theory",
"No-go theorems",
"Equations of physics",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Theorems in mathematical physics",
"Physics beyond the Standard Model",
"Supersymmetry",
"Symmetry",
"Physics theorems"
] |
1,372,638 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSZ%20reduction%20formula | In quantum field theory, the Lehmann–Symanzik–Zimmermann (LSZ) reduction formula is a method to calculate S-matrix elements (the scattering amplitudes) from the time-ordered correlation functions of a quantum field theory. It is a step of the path that starts from the Lagrangian of some quantum field theory and leads t... | LSZ reduction formula | [
"Physics"
] | 2,438 | [
"Quantum field theory",
"Quantum mechanics"
] |
1,372,820 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C2H2 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C2H2}}
C2H2 may mean:
Molecular formulae
The molecular formula C2H2 (molar mass: 26.04 g/mol, exact mass: 26.01565 u) may refer to:
Acetylene (or ethyne)
Methylidenecarbene
Vinylidene group
Transcription factors
C2H2 zinc finger, short for Cys2His2 a class of transcription factors with the sma... | C2H2 | [
"Chemistry"
] | 105 | [
"Isomerism",
"Set index articles on molecular formulas"
] |
34,363,332 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion%20layer | In electrochemistry, the diffusion layer, according to IUPAC, is defined as the "region in the vicinity of an electrode where the concentrations are different from their value in the bulk solution. The definition of the thickness of the diffusion layer is arbitrary because the concentration approaches asymptotically th... | Diffusion layer | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 255 | [
"Transport phenomena",
"Physical phenomena",
"Diffusion"
] |
34,365,252 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estimated%20ultimate%20recovery | Estimated ultimate recovery or Expected ultimate recovery (EUR) of a resource is the sum of the proven reserves at a specific time and the cumulative production up to that point.
References
Petroleum production
Petroleum economics | Estimated ultimate recovery | [
"Chemistry"
] | 41 | [
"Petroleum",
"Petroleum stubs"
] |
27,528,308 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kharkiv%20Institute%20of%20Physics%20and%20Technology | The National Science Center Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology (KIPT) (), formerly the Ukrainian Physics and Technology Institute (UPTI) is the oldest and largest physical science research centre in Ukraine. Today it is known as a science center as it consists of several institutes that are part of the Kharkiv... | Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology | [
"Engineering"
] | 820 | [
"Nuclear research institutes",
"Nuclear organizations"
] |
27,530,273 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retro-Diels%E2%80%93Alder%20reaction | The retro-Diels–Alder reaction (rDA reaction) is the reverse of the Diels–Alder (DA) reaction, a [4+2] cycloelimination. It involves the formation of a diene and dienophile from a cyclohexene. It can be accomplished spontaneously with heat, or with acid or base mediation.
In principle, it becomes thermodynamically fav... | Retro-Diels–Alder reaction | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,499 | [
"Name reactions",
"Mass spectrometry",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Tandem mass spectrometry"
] |
27,534,842 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advances%20in%20Space%20Research | Advances in Space Research is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that is published 24 times per year by Elsevier. It was established in 1981 and is the official journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR). The editor-in-chief is Pascal Willis.
Topics of interest for this journal are all interactions observed ... | Advances in Space Research | [
"Astronomy",
"Engineering"
] | 268 | [
"Astronomy journals",
"Aerospace engineering journals",
"Works about astronomy",
"Aerospace engineering"
] |
24,254,714 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optomechanics | Optomechanics is the manufacture and maintenance of optical parts and devices. This includes the design and manufacture of hardware used to hold and align elements in optical systems, such as:
Optical tables, breadboards, and rails
Mirror mounts
Optical mounts
Translation stages
Rotary stage
Optical fiber align... | Optomechanics | [
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 102 | [
"Glass engineering and science",
"Optical devices"
] |
24,255,023 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambroxide | Ambroxide, widely known by the brand name Ambroxan, is a naturally occurring terpenoid and one of the key constituents responsible for the odor of ambergris. It is an autoxidation product of ambrein. Ambroxide is used in perfumery for creating ambergris notes and as a fixative. Small amounts (< 0.01 ppm) are used as a ... | Ambroxide | [
"Chemistry"
] | 179 | [
"Organic compounds",
"Biomolecules by chemical classification",
"Terpenes and terpenoids",
"Natural products"
] |
24,255,209 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khimera | Khimera is a software product from Kintech Lab intended for calculation of the kinetic parameters of microscopic processes, thermodynamic and transport properties of substances and their mixtures in gases, plasmas and also of heterogeneous processes.
The development of a kinetic mechanism is a key stage of present-day ... | Khimera | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 435 | [
"Chemical reaction engineering",
"Molecular modelling software",
"Computational chemistry software",
"Chemistry software",
"Chemical engineering",
"Molecular modelling",
"Combustion",
"Computational chemistry",
"nan",
"Chemical kinetics"
] |
24,257,028 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NDepend | NDepend is a static analysis tool for C# and .NET code to manage code quality and security. The tool proposes a large number of features, from CI/CD Web Reporting to Quality Gate and Dependencies Visualization. For that reason, the community refers to it as the "Swiss Army Knife" for .NET Developers.
Features
The mai... | NDepend | [
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 1,064 | [
"Software engineering",
"Quantity",
"Metrics",
"Software metrics"
] |
24,261,417 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferroelectric%20polymer | Ferroelectric polymers
are a group of crystalline polar polymers that are also ferroelectric, meaning that they maintain a permanent electric polarization that can be reversed, or switched, in an external electric field.
Ferroelectric polymers, such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), are used in acoustic transducers a... | Ferroelectric polymer | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 2,362 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Ferroelectric materials",
"Materials",
"Electrical phenomena",
"Polymer chemistry",
"Polymers",
"Hysteresis",
"Matter"
] |
24,264,072 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpuject | The carpuject is a syringe device for the administration of injectable fluid medication. It was patented by the Sterling Drug Company, which became the Sterling Winthrop, after World War II. It is designed with a luer-lock device to accept a sterile hypodermic needle or to be linked directly to intravenous tubing line.... | Carpuject | [
"Biology"
] | 349 | [
"Medical equipment",
"Medical technology"
] |
24,270,179 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FlowMon | Flowmon is a name for monitoring probe which is the result of academic research activity on CESNET and also a name for a commercial product which is marketed by university spin-off company Flowmon Networks.
Flowmon probe - result of research activities
Flowmon probe is an appliance for monitoring and reporting inform... | FlowMon | [
"Engineering"
] | 516 | [
"Computer networks engineering",
"Networking hardware"
] |
537,422 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Electrical%20Code | The National Electrical Code (NEC), or NFPA 70, is a regionally adoptable standard for the safe installation of electrical wiring and equipment in the United States. It is part of the National Fire Code series published by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), a private trade association. Despite the use of ... | National Electrical Code | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 3,237 | [
"Electrical systems",
"Building engineering",
"Physical systems",
"Electrical engineering",
"Electrical wiring"
] |
537,599 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMP-activated%20protein%20kinase | 5' AMP-activated protein kinase or AMPK or 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase is an enzyme (EC 2.7.11.31) that plays a role in cellular energy homeostasis, largely to activate glucose and fatty acid uptake and oxidation when cellular energy is low. It belongs to a highly conserved eukaryotic protein fa... | AMP-activated protein kinase | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 5,557 | [
"Biochemistry",
"Exercise biochemistry"
] |
540,732 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poincar%C3%A9%20duality | In mathematics, the Poincaré duality theorem, named after Henri Poincaré, is a basic result on the structure of the homology and cohomology groups of manifolds. It states that if M is an n-dimensional oriented closed manifold (compact and without boundary), then the kth cohomology group of M is isomorphic to the th ho... | Poincaré duality | [
"Mathematics"
] | 2,347 | [
"Theorems in algebraic geometry",
"Mathematical structures",
"Space (mathematics)",
"Topological spaces",
"Topology",
"Category theory",
"Duality theories",
"Geometry",
"Manifolds",
"Theorems in geometry"
] |
540,979 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic%20moment | In electromagnetism, the magnetic moment or magnetic dipole moment is the combination of strength and orientation of a magnet or other object or system that exerts a magnetic field. The magnetic dipole moment of an object determines the magnitude of torque the object experiences in a given magnetic field. When the same... | Magnetic moment | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 5,859 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Electric and magnetic fields in matter",
"Materials science",
"Magnetic moment",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Physical properties",
"Moment (physics)"
] |
541,026 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASARCO | ASARCO (American Smelting and Refining Company) is a mining, smelting, and refining company based in Tucson, Arizona, which mines and processes primarily copper. The company has been a subsidiary of Grupo México since 1999.
Its three largest open-pit mines are the Mission, Silver Bell and Ray mines in Arizona. Its min... | ASARCO | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,999 | [
"Metallurgical processes",
"Smelting"
] |
541,158 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java%20Management%20Extensions | Java Management Extensions (JMX) is a Java technology that supplies tools for managing and monitoring applications, system objects, devices (such as printers) and service-oriented networks. Those resources are represented by objects called MBeans (for Managed Bean). In the API, classes can be dynamically loaded and ins... | Java Management Extensions | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,861 | [
"Computer networks engineering",
"Network management"
] |
22,732,293 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal%20model%20%28motor%20control%29 | In the subject area of control theory, an internal model is a process that simulates the response of the system in order to estimate the outcome of a system disturbance. The internal model principle was first articulated in 1976 by B. A. Francis and W. M. Wonham as an explicit formulation of the Conant and Ashby good ... | Internal model (motor control) | [
"Mathematics",
"Biology"
] | 1,268 | [
"Behavior",
"Neuroscience",
"Applied mathematics",
"Motor control",
"Control theory",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
22,732,649 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisces%20V | Pisces V is a type of crewed submersible ocean exploration device, powered by battery, and capable of operating to depths of , a depth that is optimum for use in the sea waters around the Hawaiian Islands. It is used by scientists to explore the deep sea around the underwater banks in the main Hawaiian Islands, as wel... | Pisces V | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 738 | [
"Hydrology",
"Environmental engineering"
] |
22,736,152 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermat%E2%80%93Catalan%20conjecture | In number theory, the Fermat–Catalan conjecture is a generalization of Fermat's Last Theorem and of Catalan's conjecture. The conjecture states that the equation
has only finitely many solutions (a,b,c,m,n,k) with distinct triplets of values (am, bn, ck) where a, b, c are positive coprime integers and m, n, k are posi... | Fermat–Catalan conjecture | [
"Mathematics"
] | 502 | [
"Unsolved problems in mathematics",
"Mathematical objects",
"Equations",
"Unsolved problems in number theory",
"Diophantine equations",
"Conjectures",
"Abc conjecture",
"Mathematical problems",
"Number theory"
] |
22,738,815 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductivity%20%28electrolytic%29 | Conductivity or specific conductance of an electrolyte solution is a measure of its ability to conduct electricity. The SI unit of conductivity is siemens per meter (S/m).
Conductivity measurements are used routinely in many industrial and environmental applications as a fast, inexpensive and reliable way of measuring... | Conductivity (electrolytic) | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Environmental_science"
] | 2,966 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Water pollution",
"Electrochemical concepts",
"Electrochemistry",
"Water quality indicators",
"nan",
"Physical chemistry"
] |
22,739,594 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryogenic%20rocket%20engine | A cryogenic rocket engine is a rocket engine that uses a cryogenic fuel and oxidizer; that is, both its fuel and oxidizer are gases which have been liquefied and are stored at very low temperatures. These highly efficient engines were first flown on the US Atlas-Centaur and were one of the main factors of NASA's succes... | Cryogenic rocket engine | [
"Physics",
"Technology"
] | 650 | [
"Rocket engines",
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Cryogenics",
"Engines"
] |
22,740,176 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suction%20excavator | A suction excavator, or vacuum excavator, is a construction vehicle that removes heavy debris or other materials from a hole on land using vacuuming. Suction excavators are meant to be less destructive than regular excavators. The suction excavator uses suction fans for the airflow to suck up the material that is then ... | Suction excavator | [
"Engineering"
] | 495 | [
"Engineering vehicles"
] |
22,740,629 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floating%20sheerleg | A floating sheerleg (also: shearleg) is a floating water vessel with a crane built on shear legs. Unlike other types of crane vessel, it is not capable of rotating its crane independently of its hull.
There is a huge variety in sheerleg capacity. The smaller cranes start at around 50 tons in lifting capacity, with the... | Floating sheerleg | [
"Engineering"
] | 214 | [
"Engineering vehicles",
"Cranes (machines)"
] |
22,740,726 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rigidity%20%28electromagnetism%29 | In particle physics, rigidity is a measure of the resistance of a particle to deflection by magnetic fields, defined as the particle's momentum divided by its charge. For a fully ionised nucleus moving at relativistic speed, this is equivalent to the energy per atomic number. It is an important quantity in accelerator... | Rigidity (electromagnetism) | [
"Physics"
] | 408 | [
"Accelerator physics",
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Experimental physics"
] |
31,380,244 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wafer%20bond%20characterization | Wafer bond characterization refers to the process of evaluating the quality and strength of a bond between two semiconductor wafers. The wafer bond characterization is based on different methods and tests. Considered a high importance of the wafer are the successful bonded wafers without flaws. Those flaws can be cause... | Wafer bond characterization | [
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 2,775 | [
"Electronics manufacturing",
"Microtechnology",
"Packaging (microfabrication)",
"Materials science",
"Semiconductor device fabrication",
"Electronic engineering",
"Semiconductor technology"
] |
31,381,409 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Railworthiness | Railworthiness is the property or ability of a locomotive, passenger car, freight car, train or any kind of railway vehicle to be in proper operating condition or to meet acceptable safety standards of project, manufacturing, maintenance and railway use for transportation of persons, luggage or cargo.
Railworthiness i... | Railworthiness | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 157 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Mechanical engineering"
] |
31,382,667 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioabsorbable%20metallic%20glass | Bioresorbable (or bioabsorbable) metallic glass is a type of amorphous metal, which is based on the Mg-Zn-Ca ternary system. Containing only elements which already exist inside the human body, namely Mg, Zn and Ca, these amorphous alloys are a special type of biodegradable metal.
History
The first reported metallic gl... | Bioabsorbable metallic glass | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 866 | [
"Biomaterials",
"Metallurgy",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Materials science",
"Amorphous metals",
"Materials",
"Chemical mixtures",
"Alloys",
"nan",
"Amorphous solids",
"Matter",
"Medical technology"
] |
31,384,365 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclamide | Cyclamides are a class of oligopeptides produced by cyanobacteria algae strains such as Microcystis aeruginosa. Some of them can be toxic.
Cyclamides are cyclopeptides with either six or eight amino acids, some of which are modified from their natural proteinogenic form. They are typically characterized by thiazole a... | Cyclamide | [
"Chemistry"
] | 139 | [
"Biomolecules by chemical classification",
"Peptides",
"Molecular biology"
] |
897,539 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamilton%E2%80%93Jacobi%20equation | In physics, the Hamilton–Jacobi equation, named after William Rowan Hamilton and Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi, is an alternative formulation of classical mechanics, equivalent to other formulations such as Newton's laws of motion, Lagrangian mechanics and Hamiltonian mechanics.
The Hamilton–Jacobi equation is a formulatio... | Hamilton–Jacobi equation | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 2,962 | [
"Hamiltonian mechanics",
"Theoretical physics",
"Classical mechanics",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
897,776 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arm%20solution | In the engineering field of robotics, an arm solution is a set of calculations that allow the real-time computation of the control commands needed to place the end of a robotic arm at a desired position and orientation in space.
A typical industrial robot is built with fixed length segments that are connected either a... | Arm solution | [
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 284 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Applied mathematics stubs",
"Robotics engineering",
"Robot kinematics"
] |
897,855 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure%20Hash%20Algorithms | The Secure Hash Algorithms are a family of cryptographic hash functions published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as a U.S. Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS), including:
SHA-0: A retronym applied to the original version of the 160-bit hash function published in 1993 under the ... | Secure Hash Algorithms | [
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 471 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Cryptography",
"Cybersecurity engineering"
] |
898,010 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hodge%20cycle | In differential geometry, a Hodge cycle or Hodge class is a particular kind of homology class defined on a complex algebraic variety V, or more generally on a Kähler manifold. A homology class x in a homology group
where V is a non-singular complex algebraic variety or Kähler manifold is a Hodge cycle, provided it sat... | Hodge cycle | [
"Engineering"
] | 253 | [
"Tensors",
"Differential forms",
"Hodge theory"
] |
898,161 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geopark | A geopark is a protected area with internationally significant geology within which sustainable development is sought and which includes tourism, conservation, education and research concerning not just geology but other relevant sciences.
In 2005, a European Geopark was defined as being:
"a territory with a particula... | Geopark | [
"Environmental_science"
] | 2,800 | [
"Environmental education",
"Environmental social science"
] |
32,867,251 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daylight%20factor | In architecture, a daylight factor (DF) is the ratio of the light level inside a structure to the light level outside the structure. It is defined as:
DF = (Ei / Eo) x 100%
where,
Ei = illuminance due to daylight at a point on the indoors working plane,
Eo = simultaneous outdoor illuminance on a horizontal plane from... | Daylight factor | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 678 | [
"Visibility",
"Physical phenomena",
"Physical quantities",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Quantity",
"Electromagnetic spectrum",
"Waves",
"Light",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities"
] |
32,869,192 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20dualities |
Mathematics
In mathematics, a duality, generally speaking, translates concepts, theorems or mathematical structures into other concepts, theorems or structures, in a one-to-one fashion, often (but not always) by means of an involution operation: if the dual of A is B, then the dual of B is A.
Alexander duality
Al... | List of dualities | [
"Mathematics"
] | 496 | [
"Mathematical structures",
"Category theory",
"Duality theories",
"Geometry"
] |
32,872,804 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex%20core%20line | In scientific visualization, a vortex core line is a line-like feature tracing the center of a vortex with in a velocity field.
Detection methods
Several methods exist to detect vortex core lines in a flow field. studied and compared nine methods for vortex detection, including five methods for the identification of... | Vortex core line | [
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics",
"Technology"
] | 196 | [
"Vortices",
"Computer science stubs",
"Computer science",
"Computing stubs",
"Fluid dynamics",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
32,873,814 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image-based%20flow%20visualization | In scientific visualization, image-based flow visualization (or visualisation) is a computer modelling technique developed by Jarke van Wijk to visualize two dimensional flows of liquids such as water and air, like the wind movement of a tornado. Compared with integration techniques it has the advantage of producing a... | Image-based flow visualization | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 255 | [
"Piping",
"Chemical engineering",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
5,087,444 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCIAMACHY | SCIAMACHY (SCanning Imaging Absorption SpectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY; Greek: σκιαμαχεί: analogously: "Fighting shadows") was one of ten instruments aboard of ESA's ENVIronmental SATellite, ENVISAT. It was a satellite spectrometer designed to measure sunlight, transmitted, reflected and scattered by the Ear... | SCIAMACHY | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 389 | [
"Spectrometers",
"Spectroscopy",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)"
] |
5,087,910 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fracton | A fracton is a collective quantized vibration on a substrate with a fractal structure.
Fractons are the fractal analog of phonons. Phonons are the result of applying translational symmetry to the potential in a Schrödinger equation. Fractal self-similarity can be thought of as a symmetry somewhat comparable to transla... | Fracton | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science",
"Mathematics"
] | 214 | [
"Matter",
"Materials science stubs",
"Mathematical analysis",
"Functions and mappings",
"Mathematical analysis stubs",
"Mathematical objects",
"Fractals",
"Mathematical relations",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Quasiparticles",
"Condensed matter stubs",
"Subatomic particles"
] |
5,094,808 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond%20valence%20method | The bond valence method or mean method (or bond valence sum) (not to be mistaken for the valence bond theory in quantum chemistry) is a popular method in coordination chemistry to estimate the oxidation states of atoms. It is derived from the bond valence model, which is a simple yet robust model for validating chemica... | Bond valence method | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 3,385 | [
"Chemical bonding",
"Coordination chemistry",
"Condensed matter physics",
"nan"
] |
35,557,310 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotropic%20formulations | Isotropic formulations are thermodynamically stable microemulsions possessing lyotropic liquid crystal properties. They inhabit a state of matter and physical behaviour somewhere between conventional liquids and that of solid crystals. Isotropic formulations are amphiphillic, exhibiting selective synchronicity with bot... | Isotropic formulations | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 173 | [
"Pharmacology",
"Phases of matter",
"Matter",
"Routes of administration"
] |
20,210,883 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20t-design | A quantum t-design is a probability distribution over either pure quantum states or unitary operators which can duplicate properties of the probability distribution over the Haar measure for polynomials of degree t or less. Specifically, the average of any polynomial function of degree t over the design is exactly the ... | Quantum t-design | [
"Mathematics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,588 | [
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Applied mathematics",
"Computer science",
"Information theory"
] |
20,212,950 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chameleon%20particle | The chameleon is a hypothetical scalar particle that couples to matter more weakly than gravity, postulated as a dark energy candidate. Due to a non-linear self-interaction, it has a variable effective mass which is an increasing function of the ambient energy density—as a result, the range of the force mediated by the... | Chameleon particle | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 661 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Physical quantities",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Fundamental interactions",
"Dark energy",
"Hypothetical elementary particles",
"Physics beyond the Standard Model",
"Astronomical sub-disciplines",
"Concepts in astronomy",
"Astroparticle physics",
"Energy (physics)",
... |
20,213,962 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20reference%20frame | A quantum reference frame is a reference frame which is treated quantum theoretically. It, like any reference frame, is an abstract coordinate system which defines physical quantities, such as time, position, momentum, spin, and so on. Because it is treated within the formalism of quantum theory, it has some interestin... | Quantum reference frame | [
"Physics"
] | 2,355 | [
"Theoretical physics",
"Quantum mechanics"
] |
20,214,363 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western%20Institute%20of%20Nanoelectronics | The Western Institute of Nanoelectronics (WIN) is a research institute founded in 2006 and headquartered at the UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science in Los Angeles, California, US. The WIN Center networks multiple universities with the Industry and government based sponsors (members of the Semic... | Western Institute of Nanoelectronics | [
"Materials_science"
] | 284 | [
"Nanotechnology",
"Nanoelectronics"
] |
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