id int64 39 79M | url stringlengths 32 168 | text stringlengths 7 145k | source stringlengths 2 105 | categories listlengths 1 6 | token_count int64 3 32.2k | subcategories listlengths 0 27 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
24,567,173 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute%20for%20Condensed%20Matter%20Theory | The Institute for Condensed Matter Theory (ICMT) is an institute for the research of condensed matter theory hosted by and located at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
ICMT was founded in 2007. The first director of the institute was Paul Goldbart who was followed by Eduardo Fradkin. The chief scientist... | Institute for Condensed Matter Theory | [
"Physics"
] | 107 | [
"Theoretical physics",
"Theoretical physics institutes"
] |
24,569,206 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%E2%80%B2%20and%20Z%E2%80%B2%20bosons | In particle physics, W′ and Z′ bosons (or W-prime and Z-prime bosons) refer to hypothetical gauge bosons that arise from extensions of the electroweak symmetry of the Standard Model. They are named in analogy with the Standard Model W and Z bosons.
Types
Types of W′ bosons
W′ bosons often arise in models with an ext... | W′ and Z′ bosons | [
"Physics"
] | 1,302 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Force carriers",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Fundamental interactions",
"Hypothetical elementary particles",
"Physics beyond the Standard Model"
] |
1,451,702 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seth%20Lloyd | Seth Lloyd (born August 2, 1960) is a professor of mechanical engineering and physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
His research area is the interplay of information with complex systems, especially quantum systems. He has performed seminal work in the fields of quantum computation, quantum communicati... | Seth Lloyd | [
"Physics",
"Biology"
] | 1,136 | [
"Quantum mechanics",
"nan",
"Quantum biology"
] |
1,452,308 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borosilicate%20glass | Borosilicate glass is a type of glass with silica and boron trioxide as the main glass-forming constituents. Borosilicate glasses are known for having very low coefficients of thermal expansion (≈3 × 10−6 K−1 at 20 °C), making them more resistant to thermal shock than any other common glass. Such glass is subjected to ... | Borosilicate glass | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 4,543 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Glass chemistry",
"Glass compositions",
"Low thermal expansion materials",
"Optical phenomena",
"Materials",
"Transparent materials",
"Matter"
] |
1,453,778 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cenosphere | A cenosphere or kenosphere is a lightweight, inert, hollow sphere made largely of silica and alumina and filled with air or inert gas, typically produced as a coal combustion byproduct at thermal power plants. The color of cenospheres varies from gray to almost white and their density is about , which gives them a grea... | Cenosphere | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 662 | [
"Ceramic engineering",
"Refractory materials",
"Particulates",
"Materials",
"Ceramic materials",
"Particle technology",
"Matter"
] |
1,453,781 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free%20field | In physics a free field is a field without interactions, which is described by the terms of motion and mass.
Description
In classical physics, a free field is a field whose equations of motion are given by linear partial differential equations. Such linear PDE's have a unique solution for a given initial condition.
... | Free field | [
"Physics"
] | 506 | [
"Quantum field theory",
"Quantum mechanics"
] |
1,454,099 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallizing | Metallizing is the general name for the technique of coating metal on the surface of objects. Metallic coatings may be decorative, protective or functional.
Techniques for metallization started as early as mirror making. In 1835, Justus von Liebig discovered the process of coating a glass surface with metallic silver,... | Metallizing | [
"Chemistry"
] | 490 | [
"Coatings"
] |
1,454,542 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boxcar%20function | In mathematics, a boxcar function is any function which is zero over the entire real line except for a single interval where it is equal to a constant, A. The function is named after its graph's resemblance to a boxcar, a type of railroad car. The boxcar function can be expressed in terms of the uniform distribution as... | Boxcar function | [
"Mathematics"
] | 183 | [
"Mathematical analysis",
"Special functions",
"Mathematical analysis stubs",
"Combinatorics"
] |
1,454,584 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waste-to-energy%20plant | A waste-to-energy plant is a waste management facility that combusts wastes to produce electricity. This type of power plant is sometimes called a trash-to-energy, municipal waste incineration, energy recovery, or resource recovery plant.
Modern waste-to-energy plants are very different from the trash incinerators tha... | Waste-to-energy plant | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 1,362 | [
"Water treatment",
"Waste treatment technology",
"Environmental engineering"
] |
1,454,791 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20Ontology | The Gene Ontology (GO) is a major bioinformatics initiative to unify the representation of gene and gene product attributes across all species. More specifically, the project aims to: 1) maintain and develop its controlled vocabulary of gene and gene product attributes; 2) annotate genes and gene products, and assimila... | Gene Ontology | [
"Biology"
] | 2,133 | [
"Bioinformatics",
"Biological databases"
] |
1,455,062 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirical%20risk%20minimization | In statistical learning theory, the principle of empirical risk minimization defines a family of learning algorithms based on evaluating performance over a known and fixed dataset. The core idea is based on an application of the law of large numbers; more specifically, we cannot know exactly how well a predictive algor... | Empirical risk minimization | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,204 | [
"Artificial intelligence engineering",
"Machine learning"
] |
1,455,348 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigma%20approximation | In mathematics, σ-approximation adjusts a Fourier summation to greatly reduce the Gibbs phenomenon, which would otherwise occur at discontinuities.
An m-1-term, σ-approximated summation for a series of period T can be written as follows:
in terms of the normalized sinc function:
and are the typical Fourier Series... | Sigma approximation | [
"Mathematics"
] | 257 | [
"Mathematical analysis",
"Mathematical analysis stubs",
"Computational mathematics",
"Mathematical relations",
"Numerical analysis",
"Approximations"
] |
1,455,471 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudotensor | In physics and mathematics, a pseudotensor is usually a quantity that transforms like a tensor under an orientation-preserving coordinate transformation (e.g. a proper rotation) but additionally changes sign under an orientation-reversing coordinate transformation (e.g., an improper rotation), which is a transformation... | Pseudotensor | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 851 | [
"Tensors in general relativity",
"Tensors",
"Tensor physical quantities",
"Physical quantities"
] |
33,194,835 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithmic%20Schr%C3%B6dinger%20equation | In theoretical physics, the logarithmic Schrödinger equation (sometimes abbreviated as LNSE or LogSE) is one of the nonlinear modifications of Schrödinger's equation, first proposed by Gerald H. Rosen in its relativistic version (with D'Alembertian instead of Laplacian and first-order time derivative) in 1969. It is a ... | Logarithmic Schrödinger equation | [
"Physics"
] | 396 | [
"Equations of physics",
"Theoretical physics",
"Eponymous equations of physics",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Schrödinger equation"
] |
33,194,970 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidden%20attractor | In the bifurcation theory, a bounded oscillation that is born without loss of stability of stationary set is called a hidden oscillation. In nonlinear control theory, the birth of a hidden oscillation in a time-invariant control system with bounded states means crossing a boundary, in the domain of the parameters, wher... | Hidden attractor | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,596 | [
"Nonlinear systems",
"Mechanics",
"Oscillation",
"Hidden oscillation",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
33,199,198 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamb%20Dicke%20regime | In ion trapping and atomic physics experiments, the Lamb Dicke regime (or Lamb Dicke limit) is a quantum regime in which the coupling (induced by an external light field) between an ion or atom's internal qubit states and its motional states is sufficiently small so that transitions that change the motional quantum num... | Lamb Dicke regime | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 790 | [
"Quantum mechanics",
"Atomic physics",
" molecular",
"Atomic",
" and optical physics"
] |
33,200,356 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaternionic%20discrete%20series%20representation | In mathematics, a quaternionic discrete series representation is a discrete series representation of a semisimple Lie group G associated with a quaternionic structure on the symmetric space of G. They were introduced by .
Quaternionic discrete series representations exist when the maximal compact subgroup of the grou... | Quaternionic discrete series representation | [
"Mathematics"
] | 194 | [
"Representation theory",
"Fields of abstract algebra"
] |
2,100,884 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear%20actuator | A linear actuator is an actuator that creates linear motion (i.e., in a straight line), in contrast to the circular motion of a conventional electric motor. Linear actuators are used in machine tools and industrial machinery, in computer peripherals such as disk drives and printers, in valves and dampers, and in many o... | Linear actuator | [
"Physics"
] | 3,222 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Motion (physics)",
"Linear motion"
] |
2,101,244 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nylon%206 | Nylon 6 or polycaprolactam is a polymer, in particular semicrystalline polyamide. Unlike most other nylons, nylon 6 is not a condensation polymer, but instead is formed by ring-opening polymerization; this makes it a special case in the comparison between condensation and addition polymers. Its competition with nylon 6... | Nylon 6 | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,063 | [
"Synthetic fibers",
"Synthetic materials",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Amorphous solids",
"Plastics"
] |
2,102,274 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium%20iodide | Sodium iodide (chemical formula NaI) is an ionic compound formed from the chemical reaction of sodium metal and iodine. Under standard conditions, it is a white, water-soluble solid comprising a 1:1 mix of sodium cations (Na+) and iodide anions (I−) in a crystal lattice. It is used mainly as a nutritional supplement an... | Sodium iodide | [
"Chemistry",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 731 | [
"Luminescence",
"Inorganic compounds",
"Chaotropic agents",
"Radioactive contamination",
"Measuring instruments",
"Salts",
"Ionising radiation detectors",
"Phosphors and scintillators",
"Biomolecules",
"Metal halides"
] |
2,103,914 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron%20transfer | Electron transfer (ET) occurs when an electron relocates from an atom, ion, or molecule, to another such chemical entity. ET describes the mechanism by which electrons are transferred in redox reactions.
Electrochemical processes are ET reactions. ET reactions are relevant to photosynthesis and respiration and commonl... | Electron transfer | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,004 | [
"Reaction mechanisms",
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"nan",
"Physical organic chemistry",
"Chemical kinetics",
"Physical chemistry"
] |
2,104,510 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanolithography | Nanolithography (NL) is a growing field of techniques within nanotechnology dealing with the engineering (patterning e.g. etching, depositing, writing, printing etc) of nanometer-scale structures on various materials.
The modern term reflects on a design of structures built in range of 10−9 to 10−6 meters, i.e. nanome... | Nanolithography | [
"Materials_science"
] | 1,763 | [
"Nanotechnology",
"Microtechnology",
"Lithography (microfabrication)"
] |
2,105,059 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-photon%20excitation%20microscopy | Two-photon excitation microscopy (TPEF or 2PEF) is a fluorescence imaging technique that is particularly well-suited to image scattering living tissue of up to about one millimeter in thickness. Unlike traditional fluorescence microscopy, where the excitation wavelength is shorter than the emission wavelength, two-phot... | Two-photon excitation microscopy | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 2,494 | [
"Optical microscopy",
"Cell imaging",
"Fluorescence techniques",
"Microscopy"
] |
2,105,763 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boxed%20warning | In the United States, a boxed warning (sometimes "black box warning", colloquially) is a type of warning that appears near the beginning of the package insert for certain prescription drugs, so called because the U.S. Food and Drug Administration specifies that it is formatted with a 'box' or border around the text to ... | Boxed warning | [
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,327 | [
"Warning systems",
"Safety engineering",
"Measuring instruments"
] |
2,105,941 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydronics | Hydronics () is the use of liquid water or gaseous water (steam) or a water solution (usually glycol with water) as a heat-transfer medium in heating and cooling systems. The name differentiates such systems from oil and refrigerant systems.
Historically, in large-scale commercial buildings such as high-rise and camp... | Hydronics | [
"Engineering"
] | 2,490 | [
"Construction",
"Plumbing"
] |
30,677,625 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrupole%20splitting | Quadrupole splitting is an example of a hyperfine interaction found in gamma-ray spectroscopy, in the circumstance where nuclei with a non-radially-symmetric shape (that is, with a spin quantum number greater than 1/2) are found immersed in an external electric field gradient. It splits a state into two, producing a d... | Quadrupole splitting | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 113 | [
"Quantum mechanics",
"Atomic physics",
" molecular",
"Atomic",
" and optical physics"
] |
30,678,493 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On%20shell%20renormalization%20scheme | In quantum field theory, and especially in quantum electrodynamics, the interacting theory leads to infinite quantities that have to be absorbed in a renormalization procedure, in order to be able to predict measurable quantities. The renormalization scheme can depend on the type of particles that are being considered.... | On shell renormalization scheme | [
"Physics"
] | 1,133 | [
"Quantum field theory",
"Physical phenomena",
"Critical phenomena",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Renormalization group",
"Statistical mechanics"
] |
30,682,536 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeeman%20slower | In atomic physics, a Zeeman slower is a scientific instrument that is commonly used in atomic physics to slow and cool a beam of hot atoms to speeds of several meters per second and temperatures below a kelvin. The gas-phase atoms used in atomic physics are often generated in an oven by heating a solid or liquid atomi... | Zeeman slower | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,394 | [
"Quantum mechanics",
"Measuring instruments",
"Scientific instruments",
"Atomic physics",
" molecular",
"Atomic",
" and optical physics"
] |
40,024,054 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine%20pipeline | A submarine pipeline (also known as marine, subsea or offshore pipeline) is a pipeline that is laid on the seabed or below it inside a trench. In some cases, the pipeline is mostly on-land but in places it crosses water expanses, such as small seas, straits and rivers. Submarine pipelines are used primarily to carry o... | Submarine pipeline | [
"Physics",
"Environmental_science"
] | 5,981 | [
"Oceanography",
"Hydrology",
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics"
] |
40,028,796 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air%20Cargo%20Challenge | The Air Cargo Challenge is an aeronautical engineering student competition that is held in Europe every two years.
This competition was held for the first time in 2003 and it was founded by a group of Aerospace students in Lisbon. The competition is primarily directed to aeronautical and aerospace engineering students... | Air Cargo Challenge | [
"Technology"
] | 844 | [
"Science and technology awards",
"Engineering competitions"
] |
40,030,501 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M2-brane | In theoretical physics, an M2-brane, is a spatially extended mathematical object (brane) that appears in string theory and in related theories (e.g. M-theory, F-theory). In particular, it is a solution of eleven-dimensional supergravity which possesses a three-dimensional world volume.
Description
The M2-brane solutio... | M2-brane | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 199 | [
"Astronomical hypotheses",
"Astronomical sub-disciplines",
"Theoretical physics",
"Astrophysics",
"String theory",
"Physical cosmology"
] |
3,919,387 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remineralisation | In biogeochemistry, remineralisation (or remineralization) refers to the breakdown or transformation of organic matter (those molecules derived from a biological source) into its simplest inorganic forms. These transformations form a crucial link within ecosystems as they are responsible for liberating the energy store... | Remineralisation | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Environmental_science"
] | 1,873 | [
"Hydrology",
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Oceanography",
"Environmental chemistry",
"Chemical oceanography",
"Biogeochemistry"
] |
3,919,647 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyamorphism | Polyamorphism is the ability of a substance to exist in several different amorphous modifications. It is analogous to the polymorphism of crystalline materials. Many amorphous substances can exist with different amorphous characteristics (e.g. polymers). However, polyamorphism requires two distinct amorphous states wit... | Polyamorphism | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 1,336 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Phase transitions",
"Phases of matter",
"Critical phenomena",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Statistical mechanics",
"Amorphous solids",
"Matter"
] |
3,921,716 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categorical%20set%20theory | Categorical set theory is any one of several versions of set theory developed from or treated in the context of mathematical category theory.
See also
Categorical logic
References
External links
Category theory
Set theory
Formal methods
Categorical logic | Categorical set theory | [
"Mathematics",
"Engineering"
] | 44 | [
"Functions and mappings",
"Mathematical structures",
"Category theory stubs",
"Set theory",
"Categorical logic",
"Mathematical logic",
"Mathematical objects",
"Software engineering",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Category theory",
"Mathematical relations",
"Formal methods"
] |
3,922,021 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robot%20calibration | Robot calibration is a process used to improve the accuracy of robots, particularly industrial robots which are highly repeatable but not accurate. Robot calibration is the process of identifying certain parameters in the kinematic structure of an industrial robot, such as the relative position of robot links. Dependin... | Robot calibration | [
"Engineering"
] | 1,557 | [
"Robotics engineering",
"Robot control"
] |
3,922,869 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium%20hydride | Potassium hydride, KH, is the inorganic compound of potassium and hydrogen. It is an alkali metal hydride. It is a white solid, although commercial samples appear gray. It is a powerful superbase that is useful in organic synthesis. It is sold commercially as a slurry (~35%) in mineral oil or sometimes paraffin wax to ... | Potassium hydride | [
"Chemistry"
] | 307 | [
"Superbases",
"Inorganic compounds",
"Reducing agents",
"Metal hydrides",
"Bases (chemistry)"
] |
3,923,616 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiesce | To quiesce is to pause or alter a device or application to achieve a consistent state, usually in preparation for a backup or other maintenance.
Description
In software applications that modify information stored on disk, this generally involves flushing any outstanding writes; see buffering. With telecom applicatio... | Quiesce | [
"Technology"
] | 741 | [
"Computing terminology"
] |
34,709,019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denjoy%E2%80%93Luzin%20theorem | In mathematics, the Denjoy–Luzin theorem, introduced independently by and
states that if a trigonometric series converges absolutely on a set of positive measure, then the sum of its coefficients converges absolutely, and in particular the trigonometric series converges absolutely everywhere.
References
Fourier s... | Denjoy–Luzin theorem | [
"Mathematics"
] | 65 | [
"Theorems in mathematical analysis",
"Mathematical analysis",
"Mathematical analysis stubs",
"Mathematical problems",
"Mathematical theorems"
] |
34,709,142 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intze%20principle | The Intze Principle () is a name given to two engineering principles, both named after the hydraulic engineer, Otto Intze, (1843–1904). In the one case, the Intze Principle relates to a type of water tower; in the other, a type of dam.
Intze Principle for water towers
A water tower built in accordance with the Intze... | Intze principle | [
"Physics",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 408 | [
"Hydrology",
"Physical systems",
"Hydraulics",
"Civil engineering",
"Hydraulic engineering"
] |
34,710,289 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equation%20clock | An equation clock is a mechanical clock which includes a mechanism that simulates the equation of time, so that the user can read or calculate solar time, as would be shown by a sundial. The first accurate clocks, controlled by pendulums, were patented by Christiaan Huyghens in 1657. For the next few decades, people we... | Equation clock | [
"Physics",
"Technology",
"Engineering"
] | 1,886 | [
"Physical systems",
"Machines",
"Clocks",
"Measuring instruments"
] |
34,712,011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballistics%20by%20the%20Inch | Ballistics by the Inch (often called BBTI) was a project to test the performance characteristics of a variety of common handgun calibers/cartridges. The initial testing was done in 2008 and tested the velocity of 13 common handgun cartridges as it related to firearm barrel length. In 2009 an additional three calibers... | Ballistics by the Inch | [
"Physics"
] | 1,386 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Ballistics"
] |
34,713,249 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forensic%20geophysics | Forensic geophysics is a branch of forensic science and is the study, the search, the localization and the mapping of buried objects or elements beneath the soil or the water, using geophysics tools for legal purposes. There are various geophysical techniques for forensic investigations in which the targets are buried ... | Forensic geophysics | [
"Physics"
] | 1,110 | [
"Applied and interdisciplinary physics",
"Geophysics"
] |
34,715,801 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medal%20%22For%20Merit%20in%20Space%20Exploration%22 | The Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration" () is a state decoration of the Russian Federation aimed at recognising achievements in the space program. It was established by presidential decree №1099 of September 7, 2010 which revamped the entire Russian awards system.
Award statute
The Medal "For Merit in Space Explora... | Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration" | [
"Technology"
] | 745 | [
"Science and technology awards",
"Space-related awards"
] |
34,719,054 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoradiometric%20assay | Immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) is an assay that uses radiolabeled antibodies. It differs from conventional radioimmunoassay (RIA) in that the compound to be measured combines immediately with the radiolabeled antibodies, rather than displacing another antigen by degrees over some period.
Principle:- A noncompetitive a... | Immunoradiometric assay | [
"Biology"
] | 301 | [
"Immunologic tests"
] |
35,874,308 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omiloxetine | Omiloxetine (omiloextinum, omiloxetino INN) was a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor drug candidate that underwent preclinical development by the Spanish pharmaceutical company, Ferrer Internacional, until 2005, when it was abandoned.
Rafael Foguet also patented Abaperidone.
References
4-Phenylpiperidines
Benzod... | Omiloxetine | [
"Chemistry"
] | 106 | [
"Ketones",
"Functional groups",
"Drug safety",
"Abandoned drugs"
] |
35,874,626 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tofenacin | Tofenacin is an antidepressant drug with a tricyclic-like structure which was developed and marketed in the United Kingdom and Italy in 1971 and 1981, respectively, by Brocades-Stheeman & Pharmacia (now part of Astellas Pharma). It acts as a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, and based on its close relation t... | Tofenacin | [
"Chemistry"
] | 205 | [
"Functional groups",
"Drug safety",
"Organic compounds",
"Ethers",
"Amines",
"Bases (chemistry)",
"Abandoned drugs"
] |
35,875,786 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dewar%20reactivity%20number | In Hückel theory, a Dewar reactivity number, also known as Dewar number, is a measure of the reactivity in aromatic systems. It is used to quantify the difference in energy between the π-system of the original molecule and the intermediate having the incoming electrophile or nucleophile attached. It can be used to stud... | Dewar reactivity number | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 286 | [
"Molecular physics",
"Theoretical chemistry stubs",
"Theoretical chemistry",
" molecular",
"nan",
"Atomic",
"Molecular physics stubs",
" and optical physics"
] |
29,154,002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead%28II%29%20phosphate | Lead(II) phosphate is an ionic compound with chemical formula Pb3(PO4)2. Lead(II) phosphate is a long-lived electronically neutral reagent chemical. Despite limited tests on humans, it has been identified as a carcinogen based on tests on animals conducted by the EPA. Lead(II) phosphate appears as hexagonal, colorles... | Lead(II) phosphate | [
"Chemistry"
] | 175 | [
"Salts",
"Phosphates",
"Inorganic compounds",
"Inorganic compound stubs"
] |
29,161,906 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Society%20for%20Structural%20and%20Multidisciplinary%20Optimization | The International Society for Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization is a learned society in the field of multidisciplinary design optimization that was founded in October 1991. It has more than 1000 members in 45 countries. The current president is Wei Chen (Northwestern University). The society is an affiliate... | International Society for Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization | [
"Mathematics"
] | 320 | [
"Mathematical optimization",
"Mathematical analysis"
] |
23,083,731 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subatomic%20scale | The subatomic scale is the domain of physical size that encompasses objects smaller than an atom. It is the scale at which the atomic constituents, such as the nucleus containing protons and neutrons, and the electrons in their orbitals, become apparent.
The subatomic scale includes the many thousands of times smaller... | Subatomic scale | [
"Physics"
] | 111 | [
"Subatomic particles",
"Particle physics",
"Nuclear physics",
"Particle physics stubs",
"Atoms",
"Matter"
] |
23,092,863 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional%20anisotropy | Fractional anisotropy (FA) is a scalar value between zero and one that describes the degree of anisotropy of a diffusion process. A value of zero means that diffusion is isotropic, i.e. it is unrestricted (or equally restricted) in all directions. A value of one means that diffusion occurs only along one axis and is fu... | Fractional anisotropy | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 844 | [
"Transport phenomena",
"Physical phenomena",
"Tensors",
"Diffusion",
"Nuclear magnetic resonance",
"Magnetic resonance imaging",
"Chemical engineering"
] |
27,861,521 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-sustainability | Self-sustainability and self-sufficiency are overlapping states of being in which a person, being, or system needs little or no help from, or interaction with others. Self-sufficiency entails the self being enough (to fulfill needs), and a self-sustaining entity can maintain self-sufficiency indefinitely. These states ... | Self-sustainability | [
"Mathematics"
] | 735 | [
"Applied mathematics",
"Applied probability"
] |
27,861,937 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pivalonitrile | Pivalonitrile is a nitrile with the semi-structural formula (CH3)3CCN, abbreviated t-BuCN. This aliphatic organic compound is a clear, colourless liquid that is used as a solvent and as a labile ligand in coordination chemistry. Pivalonitrile is isomeric with tert-butyl isocyanide but the two compounds do not exist in... | Pivalonitrile | [
"Chemistry"
] | 112 | [
"Organic compounds",
"Organic compound stubs",
"Organic chemistry stubs"
] |
27,862,538 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freyd%20cover | In the mathematical discipline of category theory, the Freyd cover or scone category is a construction that yields a set-like construction out of a given category. The only requirement is that the original category has a terminal object. The scone category inherits almost any categorical construct the original catego... | Freyd cover | [
"Mathematics"
] | 158 | [
"Functions and mappings",
"Mathematical structures",
"Category theory stubs",
"Mathematical objects",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Mathematical relations",
"Category theory"
] |
27,863,637 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelf%20angle | In masonry veneer building construction, a shelf angle or masonry support is a steel angle which supports the weight of brick or stone veneer and transfers that weight onto the main structure of the building so that a gap or space can be created beneath to allow building movements to occur.
Background
Traditional maso... | Shelf angle | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 345 | [
"Masonry",
"Building engineering",
"Construction",
"Materials",
"Building materials",
"Civil engineering",
"Matter",
"Architecture"
] |
27,864,034 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzzy-trace%20theory | Fuzzy-trace theory (FTT) is a theory of cognition originally proposed by Valerie F. Reyna and Charles Brainerd to explain cognitive phenomena, particularly in memory and reasoning.
FTT posits two types of memory processes (verbatim and gist) and, therefore, it is often referred to as a dual process theory of memory. A... | Fuzzy-trace theory | [
"Mathematics",
"Biology"
] | 6,762 | [
"Behavior",
"Applied probability",
"Applied mathematics",
"Behavioural sciences",
"Cognitive psychology"
] |
27,866,367 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical%20bag | A medical bag (also called a doctor's bag or physician's bag) is a portable bag used by a physician or other medical professional to transport medical supplies and medicine.
Traditionally, the medical bag was made of leather, opened on the top with a split-handle design. During the American Civil War, physician's medi... | Medical bag | [
"Biology"
] | 198 | [
"Medical equipment",
"Medical technology"
] |
27,866,979 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATOMKI | ATOMKI is the Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences. The institute is located in Debrecen and was established in 1954 by Sándor Szalay, the founding director.
ATOMKI became independent from the Institute of Experimental Physics of the Kossuth Lajos University (presently called University of Deb... | ATOMKI | [
"Engineering"
] | 210 | [
"Nuclear research institutes",
"Nuclear organizations"
] |
2,921,396 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabri%20Geometry | Cabri Geometry is a commercial interactive geometry software produced by the French company Cabrilog for teaching and learning geometry and trigonometry. It was designed with ease-of-use in mind. The program allows the user to animate geometric figures, proving a significant advantage over those drawn on a blackboard.... | Cabri Geometry | [
"Mathematics"
] | 158 | [
"Interactive geometry software",
"Mathematical software",
"Geometry",
"Geometry stubs"
] |
2,921,620 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sipser%E2%80%93Lautemann%20theorem | In computational complexity theory, the Sipser–Lautemann theorem or Sipser–Gács–Lautemann theorem states that bounded-error probabilistic polynomial (BPP) time is contained in the polynomial time hierarchy, and more specifically Σ2 ∩ Π2.
In 1983, Michael Sipser showed that BPP is contained in the polynomial time hiera... | Sipser–Lautemann theorem | [
"Mathematics"
] | 742 | [
"Theorems in computational complexity theory",
"Articles containing proofs",
"Theorems in discrete mathematics"
] |
2,922,081 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separatrix%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, a separatrix is the boundary separating two modes of behaviour in a differential equation.
Examples
Simple pendulum
Consider the differential equation describing the motion of a simple pendulum:
where denotes the length of the pendulum, the gravitational acceleration and the angle between the pen... | Separatrix (mathematics) | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 503 | [
"Mechanics",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
2,922,089 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihedral%20symmetry%20in%20three%20dimensions | In geometry, dihedral symmetry in three dimensions is one of three infinite sequences of point groups in three dimensions which have a symmetry group that as an abstract group is a dihedral group Dihn (for n ≥ 2).
Types
There are 3 types of dihedral symmetry in three dimensions, each shown below in 3 notations: Schön... | Dihedral symmetry in three dimensions | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 1,214 | [
"Functions and mappings",
"Euclidean symmetries",
"Mathematical objects",
"Group theory",
"Fields of abstract algebra",
"Mathematical relations",
"Geometry",
"Symmetry"
] |
2,923,964 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductive%20effect | In Organic chemistry, the inductive effect in a molecule is a local change in the electron density due to electron-withdrawing or electron-donating groups elsewhere in the molecule, resulting in a permanent dipole in a bond.
It is present in a σ (sigma) bond, unlike the electromeric effect which is present in a π (pi) ... | Inductive effect | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 1,493 | [
"nan",
"Chemical bonding",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Physical organic chemistry"
] |
2,924,436 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic%20wave%20equation | The electromagnetic wave equation is a second-order partial differential equation that describes the propagation of electromagnetic waves through a medium or in a vacuum. It is a three-dimensional form of the wave equation. The homogeneous form of the equation, written in terms of either the electric field or the mag... | Electromagnetic wave equation | [
"Physics",
"Mathematics"
] | 2,046 | [
"Electromagnetism",
"Physical phenomena",
"Equations of physics",
"Electromagnetic radiation",
"Applied mathematics",
"Theoretical physics",
"Mathematical objects",
"Equations",
"Radiation",
"Fundamental interactions",
"Electrodynamics",
"Mathematical physics",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
2,925,061 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOLEIL | SOLEIL ("Sun" in French) is a synchrotron facility near Paris, France. It performed its first acceleration of electrons on May 14, 2006. The name SOLEIL is a backronym for Source Optimisée de Lumière d’Énergie Intermédiaire du LURE (LURE optimised intermediary energy light source), LURE meaning Laboratoire pour l'Utili... | SOLEIL | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science"
] | 696 | [
"Particle physics stubs",
"Materials testing",
"Particle physics",
"Synchrotron radiation facilities"
] |
2,925,371 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiative%20transfer | Radiative transfer (also called radiation transport) is the physical phenomenon of energy transfer in the form of electromagnetic radiation. The propagation of radiation through a medium is affected by absorption, emission, and scattering processes. The equation of radiative transfer describes these interactions mathem... | Radiative transfer | [
"Physics",
"Engineering"
] | 1,235 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Telecommunications engineering",
"Electromagnetic radiation",
"Radiation",
"Radiometry"
] |
5,283,757 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tearing | Tearing is the act of breaking apart a material by force, without the aid of a cutting tool. A tear in a piece of paper, fabric, or some other similar object may be the result of the intentional effort with one's bare hands, or be accidental. Unlike a cut, which is generally on a straight or patterned line controlled b... | Tearing | [
"Physics"
] | 252 | [
"Solid mechanics",
"Materials stubs",
"Materials",
"Mechanics",
"Matter"
] |
5,284,087 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug-eluting%20stent | A drug-eluting stent (DES) is a tube made of a mesh-like material used to treat narrowed arteries in medical procedures both mechanically (by providing a supporting scaffold inside the artery) and pharmacologically (by slowly releasing a pharmaceutical compound). A DES is inserted into a narrowed artery using a deliver... | Drug-eluting stent | [
"Chemistry"
] | 9,246 | [
"Pharmacology",
"Drug delivery devices"
] |
5,284,206 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertrand%27s%20theorem | In classical mechanics, Bertrand's theorem states that among central-force potentials with bound orbits, there are only two types of central-force (radial) scalar potentials with the property that all bound orbits are also closed orbits.
The first such potential is an inverse-square central force such as the gravitati... | Bertrand's theorem | [
"Physics"
] | 1,279 | [
"Equations of physics",
"Classical mechanics",
"Eponymous theorems of physics",
"Mechanics",
"Physics theorems"
] |
5,284,787 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable%20drainage%20system | Sustainable drainage systems (also known as SuDS, SUDS, or sustainable urban drainage systems) are a collection of water management practices that aim to align modern drainage systems with natural water processes and are part of a larger green infrastructure strategy. SuDS efforts make urban drainage systems more compa... | Sustainable drainage system | [
"Chemistry",
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 2,884 | [
"Hydrology",
"Water treatment",
"Chemical engineering",
"Water pollution",
"Civil engineering",
"Hydrology and urban planning",
"Environmental engineering",
"Waste treatment technology"
] |
5,285,068 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable%20landscape%20architecture | Sustainable landscape architecture is a category of sustainable design concerned with the planning and design of the built and natural environments.
The design of a sustainable landscape encompasses the three pillars of sustainable development: economic well-being, social equity and environmental protections. The Unit... | Sustainable landscape architecture | [
"Engineering",
"Environmental_science"
] | 2,969 | [
"Landscape architecture",
"Sustainable architecture",
"Environmental social science",
"Architecture"
] |
5,286,471 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treadmilling | In molecular biology, treadmilling is a phenomenon observed within protein filaments of the cytoskeletons of many cells, especially in actin filaments and microtubules. It occurs when one end of a filament grows in length while the other end shrinks, resulting in a section of filament seemingly "moving" across a stratu... | Treadmilling | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 1,170 | [
"Biochemistry",
"Biochemical reactions",
"Molecular biology"
] |
5,289,693 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrangian%20and%20Eulerian%20specification%20of%20the%20flow%20field |
In classical field theories, the Lagrangian specification of the flow field is a way of looking at fluid motion where the observer follows an individual fluid parcel as it moves through space and time. Plotting the position of an individual parcel through time gives the pathline of the parcel. This can be visualized ... | Lagrangian and Eulerian specification of the flow field | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Engineering"
] | 1,010 | [
"Computational fluid dynamics",
"Chemical engineering",
"Aerodynamics",
"Computational physics",
"Aerospace engineering",
"Piping",
"Fluid dynamics"
] |
24,570,445 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matter%20collineation | A matter collineation (sometimes matter symmetry and abbreviated to MC) is a vector field that satisfies the condition,
where are the energy–momentum tensor components. The intimate relation between geometry and physics may be highlighted here, as the vector field is regarded as preserving certain physical quanti... | Matter collineation | [
"Physics"
] | 221 | [
"Relativity stubs",
"Theory of relativity"
] |
24,580,536 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobalt | Cobalt is a chemical element; it has symbol Co and atomic number 27. As with nickel, cobalt is found in the Earth's crust only in a chemically combined form, save for small deposits found in alloys of natural meteoric iron. The free element, produced by reductive smelting, is a hard, lustrous, somewhat brittle, gray me... | Cobalt | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry"
] | 8,666 | [
"Nuclear magnetic resonance",
"Chemical elements",
"Ferromagnetic materials",
"Materials",
"Nuclear physics",
"Atoms",
"Matter"
] |
24,580,596 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerium | Cerium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ce and atomic number 58. It is a soft, ductile, and silvery-white metal that tarnishes when exposed to air. Cerium is the second element in the lanthanide series, and while it often shows the oxidation state of +3 characteristic of the series, it also has a stable +4 state th... | Cerium | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Technology"
] | 5,499 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Phase transitions",
"Chemical elements",
"Redox",
"Reducing agents",
"Materials",
"Materials that expand upon freezing",
"Atoms",
"Matter"
] |
38,683,755 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AVP%20Research%20Foundation | The AVP Research Foundation (formerly known as AVT Institute for Advanced Research) was established in 2003 as a research department under The Ayurvedic Trust and became an independent not-for-profit research institution registered under section 25 of The Companies Act, 1956 in 2012. The foundation is known for its exc... | AVP Research Foundation | [
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 916 | [
"Biotechnology organizations",
"Biomedical research foundations"
] |
38,688,920 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surgical%20mesh | Surgical mesh is a medical implant made of loosely woven mesh, which is used in surgery as either a permanent or temporary structural support for organs and other tissues. Surgical mesh can be made from both inorganic and biological materials and is used in a variety of surgeries, although hernia repair is the most com... | Surgical mesh | [
"Biology"
] | 3,071 | [
"Medical devices",
"Medical technology"
] |
38,689,987 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastid%20terminal%20oxidase | Plastid terminal oxidase or plastoquinol terminal oxidase (PTOX) is an enzyme that resides on the thylakoid membranes of plant and algae chloroplasts and on the membranes of cyanobacteria. The enzyme was hypothesized to exist as a photosynthetic oxidase in 1982 and was verified by sequence similarity to the mitochondri... | Plastid terminal oxidase | [
"Chemistry",
"Biology"
] | 1,886 | [
"Biochemistry",
"Metabolism",
"Photosynthesis",
"Cellular processes"
] |
38,693,735 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indium%28III%29%20hydroxide | Indium(III) hydroxide is the chemical compound with the formula . Its prime use is as a precursor to indium(III) oxide, . It is sometimes found as the rare mineral dzhalindite.
Structure
Indium(III) hydroxide has a cubic structure, space group Im3, a distorted structure.
Preparation and reactions
Neutralizing a sol... | Indium(III) hydroxide | [
"Chemistry"
] | 431 | [
"Inorganic compounds",
"Bases (chemistry)",
"Hydroxides"
] |
38,693,879 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flemingia%20macrophylla | Flemingia macrophylla is a tropical woody leguminous shrub in the family Fabaceae. It is a multipurpose plant widely used in agriculture, crop improvement, fodder, dyes and for various therapeutic purposes. Perhaps, it is the most versatile species of Flemingia in terms of adaptation, medicinal and agricultural applic... | Flemingia macrophylla | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,329 | [
"Pharmacology",
"Pharmacognosy"
] |
33,208,041 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-adic%20quantum%20mechanics | p-adic quantum mechanics is a collection of related research efforts in quantum physics that replace real numbers with p-adic numbers. Historically, this research was inspired by the discovery that the Veneziano amplitude of the open bosonic string, which is calculated using an integral over the real numbers, can be ge... | P-adic quantum mechanics | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy",
"Mathematics"
] | 233 | [
"Astronomical hypotheses",
"P-adic numbers",
"Theoretical physics",
"Quantum mechanics",
"String theory",
"Number theory"
] |
33,212,532 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SensorMedics%20high-frequency%20oscillatory%20ventilator | The SensorMedics High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilator is a patented high-frequency (>150 Rf) mechanical ventilator designed and manufactured by SensorMedics Corp. of Yorba Linda, California. After a series of acquisitions, Vyaire Medical, Inc. marketed the product as 3100A/B HFOV Ventilators. Model 3100 (later 3100A) ... | SensorMedics high-frequency oscillatory ventilator | [
"Biology"
] | 576 | [
"Medical equipment",
"Medical technology"
] |
33,212,628 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical%20gas%20therapy | Medical gas therapy is a treatment involving the administration of various gases. It has been used in medicine since the use of oxygen therapy. Most of these gases are drugs, including oxygen. Many other gases, collectively known as factitious airs, were explored for medicinal value in the late eighteenth century. In ... | Medical gas therapy | [
"Chemistry"
] | 1,540 | [
"Chemical process engineering",
"Industrial gases"
] |
37,252,648 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moderne%20Algebra | Moderne Algebra is a two-volume German textbook on graduate abstract algebra by , originally based on lectures given by Emil Artin in 1926 and by from 1924 to 1928. The English translation of 1949–1950 had the title Modern algebra, though a later, extensively revised edition in 1970 had the title Algebra.
The book wa... | Moderne Algebra | [
"Mathematics"
] | 665 | [
"Abstract algebra",
"Algebra"
] |
37,254,856 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemilability | In coordination chemistry and catalysis hemilability (hemi - half, lability - a susceptibility to change) refers to a property of many polydentate ligands which contain at least two electronically different coordinating groups, such as hard and soft donors. These hybrid or heteroditopic ligands form complexes where o... | Hemilability | [
"Chemistry"
] | 673 | [
"Catalysis",
"Chemical kinetics",
"Coordination chemistry"
] |
21,591,425 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modified%20Newtonian%20dynamics | Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is a theory that proposes a modification of Newton's second law to account for observed properties of galaxies. Its primary motivation is to explain galaxy rotation curves without invoking dark matter, and is one of the most well-known theories of this class. However, it has not gaine... | Modified Newtonian dynamics | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 7,378 | [
"Dark matter",
"Astronomical hypotheses",
"Unsolved problems in astronomy",
"Astronomical sub-disciplines",
"Concepts in astronomy",
"Theoretical physics",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Classical mechanics",
"Astrophysics",
"Exotic matter",
"Mechanics",
"Particle physics",
"Astronomical c... |
21,593,473 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss%201.2-metre%20Leonhard%20Euler%20Telescope | Leonhard Euler Telescope, or the Swiss EULER Telescope, is a national, fully automatic reflecting telescope, built and operated by the Geneva Observatory. It is located at an altitude of at ESO's La Silla Observatory site in the Chilean Norte Chico region, about 460 kilometers north of Santiago de Chile. The telescop... | Swiss 1.2-metre Leonhard Euler Telescope | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Astronomy"
] | 707 | [
"Exoplanet search projects",
"Telescope instruments",
"Spectrum (physical sciences)",
"Spectrographs",
"Astronomical instruments",
"Astronomy projects",
"Spectroscopy"
] |
21,600,649 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dudley%27s%20theorem | In probability theory, Dudley's theorem is a result relating the expected upper bound and regularity properties of a Gaussian process to its entropy and covariance structure.
History
The result was first stated and proved by V. N. Sudakov, as pointed out in a paper by Richard M. Dudley. Dudley had earlier credited Vol... | Dudley's theorem | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Mathematics"
] | 209 | [
"Thermodynamic properties",
"Physical quantities",
"Quantity",
"Theorems about stochastic processes",
"Theorems in probability theory",
"Entropy",
"Asymmetry",
"Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities",
"Symmetry",
"Dynamical systems"
] |
25,971,988 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plano-convex%20ingot | Plano-convex ingots are lumps of metal with a flat or slightly concave top and a convex base. They are sometimes, misleadingly, referred to as bun ingots which imply the opposite concavity. They are most often made of copper, although other materials such as copper alloy, lead and tin are used. The first examples known... | Plano-convex ingot | [
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering"
] | 1,095 | [
"Metallurgy",
"Materials science",
"nan"
] |
25,972,348 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmholtz-Zentrum%20Dresden-Rossendorf | The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) is a Dresden-based research laboratory. It conducts research in three of the Helmholtz Association's areas: materials, health, and energy. HZDR is a member of the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres.
History
HZDR is located at the site of the former Central... | Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf | [
"Engineering"
] | 2,417 | [
"Nuclear research institutes",
"Nuclear organizations"
] |
25,975,488 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Course%20of%20Theoretical%20Physics | The Course of Theoretical Physics is a ten-volume series of books covering theoretical physics that was initiated by Lev Landau and written in collaboration with his student Evgeny Lifshitz starting in the late 1930s.
It is said that Landau composed much of the series in his head while in an NKVD prison in 1938–1939. ... | Course of Theoretical Physics | [
"Physics"
] | 959 | [
"Classical mechanics",
"Quantum mechanics",
"Mechanics",
"Statistical mechanics",
"Works about quantum mechanics"
] |
25,982,350 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avizo%20%28software%29 | Avizo (pronounce: ‘a-VEE-zo’) is a general-purpose commercial software application for scientific and industrial data visualization and analysis.
Avizo is developed by Thermo Fisher Scientific and was originally designed and developed by the Visualization and Data Analysis Group at Zuse Institute Berlin (ZIB) under th... | Avizo (software) | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science"
] | 815 | [
"Molecular dynamics software",
"Molecular modelling software",
"Computational chemistry software",
"Computational fluid dynamics",
"Computational physics",
"Molecular modelling",
"Molecular dynamics",
"Materials testing",
"Nondestructive testing",
"Fluid dynamics",
"Physics software"
] |
953,440 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation%20exposure%20%28disambiguation%29 | Radiation exposure may refer to:
Exposure (radiation), caused by ionizing photons, namely X-rays and gamma rays; or ionizing particles, usually alpha particles, neutrons, protons, or electrons
Humans being subjected to an ionizing radiation hazard, either by irradiation or contamination
In modern radiology, and in ... | Radiation exposure (disambiguation) | [
"Physics",
"Chemistry",
"Materials_science",
"Engineering",
"Biology"
] | 172 | [
"Physical phenomena",
"Radiobiology",
"Materials science",
"Radiation",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Radiation effects",
"Radioactivity"
] |
953,723 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historadiography | Historadiography is a technique formerly utilized in the fields of histology and cellular biology to provide semiquantitative information regarding the density of a tissue sample. It is usually synonymous with microradiography. This is achieved by layering a ground section of mineralized tissue (such as bone) with ph... | Historadiography | [
"Chemistry"
] | 226 | [
"Histology",
"Microscopy"
] |
954,006 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical%20XY%20model | The classical XY model (sometimes also called classical rotor (rotator) model or O(2) model) is a lattice model of statistical mechanics. In general, the XY model can be seen as a specialization of Stanley's n-vector model for .
Definition
Given a -dimensional lattice , per each lattice site there is a two-dimensiona... | Classical XY model | [
"Physics",
"Materials_science"
] | 3,411 | [
"Statistical mechanics",
"Condensed matter physics",
"Lattice models",
"Computational physics"
] |
954,231 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuspy%20halo%20problem | The cuspy halo problem (also known as the core-cusp problem) is a discrepancy between the inferred dark matter density profiles of low-mass galaxies and the density profiles predicted by cosmological N-body simulations. Nearly all simulations form dark matter halos which have "cuspy" dark matter distributions, with den... | Cuspy halo problem | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 643 | [
"Dark matter",
"Unsolved problems in astronomy",
"Concepts in astronomy",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Exotic matter",
"Physics beyond the Standard Model",
"Matter"
] |
954,234 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwarf%20galaxy%20problem | The dwarf galaxy problem, also known as the missing satellites problem, arises from a mismatch between observed dwarf galaxy numbers and collisionless numerical cosmological simulations that predict the evolution of the distribution of matter in the universe. In simulations, dark matter clusters hierarchically, in ever... | Dwarf galaxy problem | [
"Physics",
"Astronomy"
] | 492 | [
"Dark matter",
"Unsolved problems in astronomy",
"Concepts in astronomy",
"Galaxies",
"Unsolved problems in physics",
"Exotic matter",
"Astronomical objects",
"Physics beyond the Standard Model",
"Matter"
] |
954,328 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ridge%20regression | Ridge regression is a method of estimating the coefficients of multiple-regression models in scenarios where the independent variables are highly correlated. It has been used in many fields including econometrics, chemistry, and engineering. Also known as Tikhonov regularization, named for Andrey Tikhonov, it is a meth... | Ridge regression | [
"Mathematics"
] | 2,333 | [
"Inverse problems",
"Applied mathematics",
"Linear algebra",
"Algebra"
] |
954,333 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Box%20topology | In topology, the cartesian product of topological spaces can be given several different topologies. One of the more natural choices is the box topology, where a base is given by the Cartesian products of open sets in the component spaces. Another possibility is the product topology, where a base is also given by the Ca... | Box topology | [
"Mathematics"
] | 913 | [
"Topological spaces",
"Topology",
"Mathematical structures",
"Space (mathematics)"
] |
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