Split (1)

train · 182k rows

id int64 39 79M	url stringlengths 31 227	text stringlengths 6 334k	source stringlengths 1 150 ⌀	categories listlengths 1 6	token_count int64 3 71.8k	subcategories listlengths 0 30
988,000	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hell-fire%20trigger	A hell-fire trigger is a device that allows a semi-automatic firearm to fire at an increased rate. The hell-fire clamps to the trigger guard behind the trigger and presses a "finger" against the back of the trigger to increase the force that returns the trigger to its forward position, effectively decreasing the time r...	Hell-fire trigger	[ "Technology" ]	283	[ "Firearm components", "Components" ]
988,114	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data%20logger	A data logger (also datalogger or data recorder) is an electronic device that records data over time or about location either with a built-in instrument or sensor or via external instruments and sensors. Increasingly, but not entirely, they are based on a digital processor (or computer), and called digital data loggers...	Data logger	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	2,121	[ "Recording devices", "Measuring instruments" ]
988,191	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygon%20mesh	In 3D computer graphics and solid modeling, a polygon mesh is a collection of , s and s that defines the shape of a polyhedral object's surface. It simplifies rendering, as in a wire-frame model. The faces usually consist of triangles (triangle mesh), quadrilaterals (quads), or other simple convex polygons (n-gons). A ...	Polygon mesh	[ "Physics" ]	2,251	[ "Tessellation", "Mesh generation", "Symmetry" ]
988,208	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskimo%20kiss	An Eskimo kiss, nose kiss, or nose rub is a gesture of affection where one rubs the tip of one's nose against another person's face. In Inuit culture, the gesture is known as a kunik, and consists of pressing or rubbing the tip of one's nose against another's cheek. In non-Inuit English-speaking culture, two people Esk...	Eskimo kiss	[ "Biology" ]	480	[ "Behavior", "Gestures", "Human behavior" ]
158,854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dir%20%28command%29	In computing, dir (directory) is a command in various computer operating systems used for computer file and directory listing. It is one of the basic commands to help navigate the file system. The command is usually implemented as an internal command in the command-line interpreter (shell). On some systems, a more grap...	Dir (command)	[ "Technology" ]	595	[ "Windows commands", "Computing commands", "CP/M commands", "OS/2 commands", "ReactOS commands", "MSX-DOS commands" ]
158,859	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plug%20and%20play	In computing, a plug and play (PnP) device or computer bus is one with a specification that facilitates the recognition of a hardware component in a system without the need for physical device configuration or user intervention in resolving resource conflicts. The term "plug and play" has since been expanded to a wide ...	Plug and play	[ "Technology" ]	2,327	[ "Computer peripherals", "Components" ]
158,951	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20Urbanism	New Urbanism is an urban design movement that promotes environmentally friendly habits by creating walkable neighbourhoods containing a wide range of housing and job types. It arose in the United States in the early 1980s, and has gradually influenced many aspects of real estate development, urban planning, and municip...	New Urbanism	[ "Physics", "Environmental_science" ]	7,460	[ "Physical systems", "Transport", "Sustainable transport", "Human ecology", "Environmental social science" ]
159,023	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree%20decomposition	In graph theory, a tree decomposition is a mapping of a graph into a tree that can be used to define the treewidth of the graph and speed up solving certain computational problems on the graph. Tree decompositions are also called junction trees, clique trees, or join trees. They play an important role in problems lik...	Tree decomposition	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,202	[ "Graph minor theory", "Mathematical relations", "Graph theory", "Graph theory objects" ]
159,032	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead%20programmer	In software development, a lead programmer is responsible for providing technical guidance and mentorship to a team of software developers. Alternative titles include development lead, technical lead, lead programmer, or lead application developer. When primarily contributing a low-level enterprise software design wit...	Lead programmer	[ "Technology" ]	507	[ "People in information technology", "Information technology" ]
159,035	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bytownite	Bytownite is a calcium rich member of the plagioclase solid solution series of feldspar minerals with composition between anorthite and labradorite. It is usually defined as having between 70 and 90%An (formula: ). Like others of the series, bytownite forms grey to white triclinic crystals commonly exhibiting the typic...	Bytownite	[ "Physics" ]	481	[ "Materials", "Gemstones", "Matter" ]
159,046	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geothermal%20desalination	Geothermal desalination refers to the process of using geothermal energy to power the process of converting salt water to fresh water. The process is considered economically efficient, and while overall environmental impact is uncertain, it has potential to be more environmentally friendly compared to conventional desa...	Geothermal desalination	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,397	[ "Water treatment", "Water technology", "Water desalination" ]
159,069	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polaroid%20%28polarizer%29	Polaroid is a type of synthetic plastic sheet which is used as a polarizer or polarizing filter. A trademark of the Polaroid Corporation, the term has since entered common use. Patent The original material, patented in 1929 and further developed in 1932 by Edwin H. Land, consists of many microscopic crystals of iodoqu...	Polaroid (polarizer)	[ "Physics" ]	750	[ "Astrophysics", "Optical materials", "Materials", "Polarization (waves)", "Matter" ]
159,081	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shock%20%28mechanics%29	In mechanics and physics, shock is a sudden acceleration caused, for example, by impact, drop, kick, earthquake, or explosion. Shock is a transient physical excitation. Shock describes matter subject to extreme rates of force with respect to time. Shock is a vector that has units of an acceleration (rate of change of...	Shock (mechanics)	[ "Physics", "Materials_science", "Mathematics", "Engineering" ]	1,175	[ "Structural engineering", "Physical quantities", "Fracture mechanics", "Acceleration", "Quantity", "Materials science", "Materials degradation", "Mechanics", "Mechanical engineering", "Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities" ]
159,151	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical%20composition	A chemical composition specifies the identity, arrangement, and ratio of the chemical elements making up a compound by way of chemical and atomic bonds. Chemical formulas can be used to describe the relative amounts of elements present in a compound. For example, the chemical formula for water is H2O: this means that ...	Chemical composition	[ "Chemistry" ]	293	[ "nan" ]
159,178	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stinking%20badges	"Stinkin' badges" is a paraphrase of a line of dialogue from the 1948 film The Treasure of the Sierra Madre. That line was in turn derived from dialogue in the 1927 novel of the same name, which was the basis for the film. In 2005, the full quote from the film was chosen as #36 on the American Film Institute list, AFI...	Stinking badges	[ "Mathematics" ]	645	[ "Symbols", "Badges" ]
159,225	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi%E2%80%93Dirac%20statistics	Fermi–Dirac statistics is a type of quantum statistics that applies to the physics of a system consisting of many non-interacting, identical particles that obey the Pauli exclusion principle. A result is the Fermi–Dirac distribution of particles over energy states. It is named after Enrico Fermi and Paul Dirac, each of...	Fermi–Dirac statistics	[ "Physics" ]	2,853	[ "Statistical mechanics" ]
159,266	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20expression	Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product that enables it to produce end products, proteins or non-coding RNA, and ultimately affect a phenotype. These products are often proteins, but in non-protein-coding genes such as transfer RNA (tRNA) and...	Gene expression	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	8,503	[ "Gene expression", "Molecular genetics", "Cellular processes", "Molecular biology", "Biochemistry" ]
159,271	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ElcomSoft	ElcomSoft is a privately owned software company headquartered in Moscow, Russia. Since its establishment in 1990, the company has been working on computer security programs, with the main focus on password and system recovery software. DMCA case On July 16, 2001, Dmitry Sklyarov, a Russian citizen employed by ElcomSo...	ElcomSoft	[ "Technology" ]	534	[ "Cryptographic attacks", "Computer law", "Computing and society", "Computer security exploits" ]
159,280	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Change%20ringing	Change ringing is the art of ringing a set of tuned bells in a tightly controlled manner to produce precise variations in their successive striking sequences, known as "changes". This can be by method ringing in which the ringers commit to memory the rules for generating each change, or by call changes, where the ringe...	Change ringing	[ "Mathematics" ]	7,871	[ "Functions and mappings", "Permutations", "Mathematical objects", "Combinatorics", "Mathematical relations" ]
159,284	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novartis	Novartis AG is a Swiss multinational pharmaceutical corporation based in Basel, Switzerland. Consistently ranked in the global top five, Novartis is one of the largest pharmaceutical companies in the world and was the fourth largest by revenue in 2022. Novartis manufactures the drugs clozapine (Clozaril), diclofenac (...	Novartis	[ "Biology" ]	9,851	[ "Life sciences industry" ]
159,285	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abel%20Prize	The Abel Prize ( ; ) is awarded annually by the King of Norway to one or more outstanding mathematicians. It is named after the Norwegian mathematician Niels Henrik Abel (1802–1829) and directly modeled after the Nobel Prizes; as such, it is widely considered the Nobel Prize of mathematics. It comes with a monetary aw...	Abel Prize	[ "Technology" ]	906	[ "Science and technology awards", "International science and technology awards", "Mathematics awards" ]
159,292	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium%20chloride	Potassium chloride (KCl, or potassium salt) is a metal halide salt composed of potassium and chlorine. It is odorless and has a white or colorless vitreous crystal appearance. The solid dissolves readily in water, and its solutions have a salt-like taste. Potassium chloride can be obtained from ancient dried lake depos...	Potassium chloride	[ "Chemistry" ]	2,185	[ "Chlorides", "Inorganic compounds", "Salts", "Potash", "Metal halides", "Edible salt" ]
159,421	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urination	Urination is the release of urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. Urine is released through the urethra and exits the penis or vulva through the urinary meatus in placental mammals, but is released through the cloaca in other vertebrates. It is the urinary system's form of excretion. It is also known medic...	Urination	[ "Biology" ]	6,558	[ "Behavior", "Human positions", "Urine", "Excretion", "Animal waste products", "Human behavior" ]
159,441	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type%20metal	In printing, type metal refers to the metal alloys used in traditional typefounding and hot metal typesetting. Historically, type metal was an alloy of lead, tin and antimony in different proportions depending on the application, be it individual character mechanical casting for hand setting, mechanical line casting or...	Type metal	[ "Chemistry" ]	2,741	[ "Alloys", "Chemical mixtures" ]
159,472	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight	Flight or flying is the motion of an object through an atmosphere, or through the vacuum of outer space, without contacting any planetary surface. This can be achieved by generating aerodynamic lift associated with gliding or propulsive thrust, aerostatically using buoyancy, or by ballistic movement. Many things can f...	Flight	[ "Physics", "Chemistry", "Engineering" ]	4,272	[ "Physical phenomena", "Aerodynamics", "Flight", "Motion (physics)", "Aerospace engineering", "Fluid dynamics" ]
159,501	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha%E2%80%93beta%20pruning	Alpha–beta pruning is a search algorithm that seeks to decrease the number of nodes that are evaluated by the minimax algorithm in its search tree. It is an adversarial search algorithm used commonly for machine playing of two-player combinatorial games (Tic-tac-toe, Chess, Connect 4, etc.). It stops evaluating a move ...	Alpha–beta pruning	[ "Mathematics" ]	2,654	[ "Game artificial intelligence", "Recreational mathematics", "Combinatorics", "Game theory", "Combinatorial game theory" ]
159,505	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Additive%20color	Additive color or additive mixing is a property of a color model that predicts the appearance of colors made by coincident component lights, i.e. the perceived color can be predicted by summing the numeric representations of the component colors. Modern formulations of Grassmann's laws describe the additivity in the co...	Additive color	[ "Mathematics" ]	705	[ "Color space", "Space (mathematics)", "Metric spaces" ]
159,506	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RGB%20color%20spaces	RGB color spaces is a category of additive colorimetric color spaces specifying part of its absolute color space definition using the RGB color model. RGB color spaces are commonly found describing the mapping of the RGB color model to human perceivable color, but some RGB color spaces use imaginary (non-real-world) p...	RGB color spaces	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,092	[ "Color space", "Space (mathematics)", "Metric spaces" ]
159,513	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaluation%20function	An evaluation function, also known as a heuristic evaluation function or static evaluation function, is a function used by game-playing computer programs to estimate the value or goodness of a position (usually at a leaf or terminal node) in a game tree. Most of the time, the value is either a real number or a quantize...	Evaluation function	[ "Mathematics" ]	2,530	[ "Game theory", "Game artificial intelligence" ]
159,587	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffeology	In mathematics, a diffeology on a set generalizes the concept of smooth charts in a differentiable manifold, by declaring what constitutes the "smooth parametrizations" into the set. The concept was first introduced by Jean-Marie Souriau in the 1980s under the name Espace différentiel and later developed by his studen...	Diffeology	[ "Mathematics" ]	2,355	[ "Mathematical analysis", "Functions and mappings", "Mathematical relations", "Mathematical objects" ]
159,594	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methaqualone	Methaqualone is a hypnotic sedative. It was sold under the brand names Quaalude ( ) and Sopor among others, which contained 300 mg of methaqualone, and sold as a combination drug under the brand name Mandrax, which contained 250 mg methaqualone and 25 mg diphenhydramine within the same tablet, mostly in Europe. Commer...	Methaqualone	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	2,570	[ "Hypnotics", "Behavior", "Amidines", "Functional groups", "Drug safety", "Sleep", "Bases (chemistry)", "Withdrawn drugs" ]
159,668	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western%20astrology	Western astrology is the system of astrology most popular in Western countries. It is historically based on Ptolemy's Tetrabiblos (2nd century CE), which in turn was a continuation of Hellenistic and ultimately Babylonian traditions. Western astrology is largely horoscopic, that is, it is a form of divination based on...	Western astrology	[ "Astronomy" ]	4,082	[ "History of astrology", "Astrology", "History of astronomy" ]
159,669	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese%20astrology	Chinese astrology is based on traditional Chinese astronomy and the Chinese calendar. Chinese astrology flourished during the Han dynasty (2nd century BC to 2nd century AD). Chinese astrology has a close relation with Chinese philosophy (theory of the three harmonies: heaven, earth, and human), and uses the principles...	Chinese astrology	[ "Astronomy" ]	1,491	[ "Astrology", "History of astronomy" ]
159,695	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polynomial-time%20reduction	In computational complexity theory, a polynomial-time reduction is a method for solving one problem using another. One shows that if a hypothetical subroutine solving the second problem exists, then the first problem can be solved by transforming or reducing it to inputs for the second problem and calling the subroutin...	Polynomial-time reduction	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,340	[ "Reduction (complexity)", "Functions and mappings", "Mathematical relations", "Mathematical objects" ]
159,730	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical%20practice	Mathematical practice comprises the working practices of professional mathematicians: selecting theorems to prove, using informal notations to persuade themselves and others that various steps in the final proof are convincing, and seeking peer review and publication, as opposed to the end result of proven and publishe...	Mathematical practice	[ "Mathematics" ]	744	[ "nan" ]
159,731	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasi-empiricism%20in%20mathematics	Quasi-empiricism in mathematics is the attempt in the philosophy of mathematics to direct philosophers' attention to mathematical practice, in particular, relations with physics, social sciences, and computational mathematics, rather than solely to issues in the foundations of mathematics. Of concern to this discussion...	Quasi-empiricism in mathematics	[ "Mathematics" ]	1,156	[ "Theoretical computer science", "Applied mathematics", "nan" ]
159,735	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasi-empirical%20method	Quasi-empirical methods are scientific methods used to gain knowledge in situations where empirical evidence cannot be gathered through experimentation, or experience cannot falsify the ideas involved. Quasi-empirical methods aim to be as closely analogous to empirical methods as possible. Empirical research relies o...	Quasi-empirical method	[ "Mathematics" ]	495	[ "nan" ]
159,750	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pectin	Pectin ( : "congealed" and "curdled") is a heteropolysaccharide, a structural polymer contained in the primary lamella, in the middle lamella, and in the cell walls of terrestrial plants. The principal chemical component of pectin is galacturonic acid (a sugar acid derived from galactose) which was isolated and describ...	Pectin	[ "Chemistry" ]	4,326	[ "Carbohydrates", "Polysaccharides" ]
159,851	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sclerophyll	Sclerophyll is a type of vegetation that is adapted to long periods of dryness and heat. The plants feature hard leaves, short internodes (the distance between leaves along the stem) and leaf orientation which is parallel or oblique to direct sunlight. The word comes from the Greek sklēros (hard) and phyllon (leaf). Th...	Sclerophyll	[ "Biology" ]	3,191	[ "Ecology" ]
159,856	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adhocracy	Adhocracy is a flexible, adaptable, and informal form of organization defined by a lack of formal structure and employs specialized multidisciplinary teams grouped by function. It operates in a fashion opposite to bureaucracy. Warren Bennis coined the term in his 1968 book The Temporary Society. Alvin Toffler populariz...	Adhocracy	[ "Engineering" ]	1,113	[ "Design", "Organization design" ]
159,901	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques%20Herbrand	Jacques Herbrand (12 February 1908 – 27 July 1931) was a French mathematician. Although he died at age 23, he was already considered one of "the greatest mathematicians of the younger generation" by his professors Helmut Hasse and Richard Courant. He worked in mathematical logic and class field theory. He introduced r...	Jacques Herbrand	[ "Mathematics" ]	914	[ "Proof theorists", "Proof theory" ]
159,908	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mascot	A mascot is any human, animal, or object thought to bring luck, or anything used to represent a group with a common public identity, such as a school, sports team, society, military unit, or brand name. Mascots are also used as fictional, representative spokespeople for consumer products. In sports, mascots are also u...	Mascot	[ "Mathematics" ]	2,956	[ "Symbols", "Mascots" ]
159,963	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG-1%20Audio%20Layer%20II	MPEG-1 Audio Layer II or MPEG-2 Audio Layer II (MP2, sometimes incorrectly called Musicam or MUSICAM) is a lossy audio compression format defined by ISO/IEC 11172-3 alongside MPEG-1 Audio Layer I and MPEG-1 Audio Layer III (MP3). While MP3 is much more popular for PC and Internet applications, MP2 remains a dominant st...	MPEG-1 Audio Layer II	[ "Technology" ]	3,228	[ "Multimedia", "MPEG" ]
159,974	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrange%20multiplier	In mathematical optimization, the method of Lagrange multipliers is a strategy for finding the local maxima and minima of a function subject to equation constraints (i.e., subject to the condition that one or more equations have to be satisfied exactly by the chosen values of the variables). It is named after the mathe...	Lagrange multiplier	[ "Mathematics" ]	4,431	[ "Mathematical optimization", "Multivariable calculus", "Mathematical analysis", "Calculus" ]
159,990	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manitoulin%20Island	Manitoulin Island ( ) is an island in Lake Huron, located within the borders of the Canadian province of Ontario, in the bioregion known as Laurentia. With an area of , it is the largest lake island in the world, large enough that it has over 100 lakes itself. In addition to the historic Anishinaabe and European settle...	Manitoulin Island	[ "Astronomy" ]	2,146	[ "Dark-sky preserves in Canada", "Dark-sky preserves" ]
160,076	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorial%20species	In combinatorial mathematics, the theory of combinatorial species is an abstract, systematic method for deriving the generating functions of discrete structures, which allows one to not merely count these structures but give bijective proofs involving them. Examples of combinatorial species are (finite) graphs, permut...	Combinatorial species	[ "Mathematics" ]	3,164	[ "Fields of abstract algebra", "Algebraic combinatorics", "Enumerative combinatorics", "Combinatorics" ]
160,125	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial%20disease	Mitochondrial disease is a group of disorders caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondria are the organelles that generate energy for the cell and are found in every cell of the human body except red blood cells. They convert the energy of food molecules into the ATP that powers most cell functions. Mitochondria...	Mitochondrial disease	[ "Chemistry", "Biology" ]	2,548	[ "Biochemistry", "Molecular biology" ]
160,220	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratite	Ratites () are a polyphyletic group consisting of all birds within the infraclass Palaeognathae that lack keels and cannot fly. They are mostly large, long-necked, and long-legged, the exception being the kiwi, which is also the only nocturnal extant ratite. The understanding of relationships within the paleognath cla...	Ratite	[ "Biology" ]	3,596	[ "Phylogenetics", "Polyphyletic groups" ]
160,223	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media%20player%20software	Media player software is a type of application software for playing multimedia computer files like audio and video files. Media players commonly display standard media control icons known from physical devices such as tape recorders and CD players, such as play ( ), pause ( ), fastforward (⏩️), rewind (⏪), and stop (...	Media player software	[ "Technology" ]	1,430	[ "Multimedia" ]
160,224	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interface%20description%20language	An interface description language or interface definition language (IDL) is a generic term for a language that lets a program or object written in one language communicate with another program written in an unknown language. IDLs are usually used to describe data types and interfaces in a language-independent way, for ...	Interface description language	[ "Engineering" ]	793	[ "Software engineering", "Specification languages" ]
160,277	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon%20fibers	Carbon fibers or carbon fibres (alternatively CF, graphite fiber or graphite fibre) are fibers about in diameter and composed mostly of carbon atoms. Carbon fibers have several advantages: high stiffness, high tensile strength, high strength to weight ratio, high chemical resistance, high-temperature tolerance, and lo...	Carbon fibers	[ "Chemistry" ]	3,025	[ "Synthetic materials", "Allotropes of carbon", "Synthetic fibers", "Allotropes" ]
160,332	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephemeris	In astronomy and celestial navigation, an ephemeris (; ; , ) is a book with tables that gives the trajectory of naturally occurring astronomical objects and artificial satellites in the sky, i.e., the position (and possibly velocity) over time. Historically, positions were given as printed tables of values, given at r...	Ephemeris	[ "Physics", "Astronomy" ]	1,778	[ "Calendars", "Physical quantities", "Time", "History of astronomy", "Astrology", "Astronomy books", "Works about astronomy", "Astrometry", "Celestial navigation", "Spacetime", "Astronomical tables", "Astronomical sub-disciplines" ]
160,338	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20%28astrology%29	Most horoscopic traditions of astrology systems divide the horoscope into a number (usually twelve) of houses whose positions depend on time and location rather than on date. In Hindu astrological tradition these are known as Bhāvas. The houses of the horoscope represent different fields of experience wherein the energ...	House (astrology)	[ "Astronomy" ]	5,490	[ "Astrology", "History of astronomy" ]
160,402	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamrock	A shamrock is a type of clover, used as a symbol of Ireland. Saint Patrick, one of Ireland's patron saints, is said to have used it as a metaphor for the Christian Holy Trinity. The name shamrock comes from Irish (), which is the diminutive of the Irish word and simply means "young clover". At most times, Shamrock r...	Shamrock	[ "Biology" ]	4,910	[ "Plant common names", "Common names of organisms", "Plants" ]
160,435	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global%20air-traffic%20management	Global air-traffic management (GATM) is a concept for satellite-based Communication, navigation and surveillance and air traffic management. The Federal Aviation Administration and the International Civil Aviation Organization, a specialized agency of the United Nations, established GATM standards to keep air travel sa...	Global air-traffic management	[ "Technology" ]	466	[ "Satellite navigation systems", "Information systems", "Wireless locating", "Computer systems" ]
160,478	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loopback	Loopback (also written loop-back) is the routing of electronic signals or digital data streams back to their source without intentional processing or modification. It is primarily a means of testing the communications infrastructure. Loopback can take the form of communication channels with only one communication endp...	Loopback	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	1,319	[ "Telecommunications engineering", "Internet architecture", "IT infrastructure", "Communication circuits" ]
160,501	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra%20high%20frequency	Ultra high frequency (UHF) is the ITU designation for radio frequencies in the range between 300 megahertz (MHz) and 3 gigahertz (GHz), also known as the decimetre band as the wavelengths range from one meter to one tenth of a meter (one decimeter). Radio waves with frequencies above the UHF band fall into the super-hi...	Ultra high frequency	[ "Physics", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	3,961	[ "Information and communications technology", "Telecommunications engineering", "Radio spectrum", "Television technology", "Spectrum (physical sciences)", "Electromagnetic spectrum", "Wireless" ]
160,505	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Very%20low%20frequency	Very low frequency or VLF is the ITU designation for radio frequencies (RF) in the range of 3–30 kHz, corresponding to wavelengths from 100 to 10 km, respectively. The band is also known as the myriameter band or myriameter wave as the wavelengths range from one to ten myriameters (an obsolete metric unit equal to 10 k...	Very low frequency	[ "Physics", "Engineering" ]	4,457	[ "Radio electronics", "Radio spectrum", "Spectrum (physical sciences)", "Electromagnetic spectrum" ]
160,506	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware%20random%20number%20generator	In computing, a hardware random number generator (HRNG), true random number generator (TRNG), non-deterministic random bit generator (NRBG), or physical random number generator is a device that generates random numbers from a physical process capable of producing entropy (in other words, the device always has access to...	Hardware random number generator	[ "Mathematics", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	2,947	[ "Cybersecurity engineering", "Cryptography", "Applied mathematics", "Computer peripherals", "Components" ]
160,518	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low%20frequency	Low frequency (LF) is the ITU designation for radio frequencies (RF) in the range of 30–300 kHz. Since its wavelengths range from 10–1 km, respectively, it is also known as the kilometre band or kilometre waves. LF radio waves exhibit low signal attenuation, making them suitable for long-distance communications. In Eu...	Low frequency	[ "Physics" ]	2,284	[ "Radio spectrum", "Spectrum (physical sciences)", "Electromagnetic spectrum" ]
160,519	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medium%20frequency	Medium frequency (MF) is the ITU designation for radio frequencies (RF) in the range of 300 kilohertz (kHz) to 3 megahertz (MHz). Part of this band is the medium wave (MW) AM broadcast band. The MF band is also known as the hectometer band as the wavelengths range from ten to one hectometers (1000 to 100 m). Frequencie...	Medium frequency	[ "Physics" ]	1,753	[ "Radio spectrum", "Spectrum (physical sciences)", "Electromagnetic spectrum" ]
160,556	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ball%20%28mathematics%29	In mathematics, a ball is the solid figure bounded by a sphere; it is also called a solid sphere. It may be a closed ball (including the boundary points that constitute the sphere) or an open ball (excluding them). These concepts are defined not only in three-dimensional Euclidean space but also for lower and higher d...	Ball (mathematics)	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	1,463	[ "Spacetime", "Topology", "Space", "Geometry" ]
160,573	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axle	An axle or axletree is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. On wheeled vehicles, the axle may be fixed to the wheels, rotating with them, or fixed to the vehicle, with the wheels rotating around the axle. In the former case, bearings or bushings are provided at the mounting points where the axle is supported. ...	Axle	[ "Technology" ]	2,388	[ "Vehicle parts", "Components" ]
160,663	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantilever	A cantilever is a rigid structural element that extends horizontally and is unsupported at one end. Typically it extends from a flat vertical surface such as a wall, to which it must be firmly attached. Like other structural elements, a cantilever can be formed as a beam, plate, truss, or slab. When subjected to a str...	Cantilever	[ "Technology", "Engineering" ]	2,024	[ "Structural engineering", "Building engineering", "Structural system", "Architectural elements", "Bridge components", "Components", "Architecture" ]
160,673	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BogoMips	BogoMips (from "bogus" and MIPS) is a crude measurement of CPU speed made by the Linux kernel when it boots to calibrate an internal busy-loop. An often-quoted definition of the term is "the number of million times per second a processor can do absolutely nothing". BogoMips is a value that can be used to verify whethe...	BogoMips	[ "Technology" ]	1,445	[ "Benchmarks (computing)", "Computing comparisons", "Computer performance" ]
160,688	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premium%20Bonds	Premium Bonds is a lottery bond scheme organised by the United Kingdom government since 1956. At present it is managed by the government's National Savings and Investments agency. The principle behind Premium Bonds is that rather than the stake being gambled, as in a usual lottery, it is the interest on the bonds that...	Premium Bonds	[ "Technology" ]	2,277	[ "History of computing", "History of computing in the United Kingdom" ]
160,697	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bristol%20Taurus	The Taurus is a British 14-cylinder two-row radial aircraft engine, produced by the Bristol Engine Company starting in 1936. The Taurus was developed by adding cylinders to the existing single-row Aquila design and transforming it into a twin-row radial engine, creating a powerplant that produced just over with very l...	Bristol Taurus	[ "Technology" ]	760	[ "Sleeve valve engines", "Engines" ]
160,706	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bristol%20Hercules	The Bristol Hercules is a 14-cylinder two-row radial aircraft engine designed by Sir Roy Fedden and produced by the Bristol Engine Company starting in 1939. It was the most numerous of their single sleeve valve (Burt-McCollum, or Argyll, type) designs, powering many aircraft in the mid-World War II timeframe. The Herc...	Bristol Hercules	[ "Technology" ]	2,338	[ "Sleeve valve engines", "Engines" ]
160,734	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Beaumont%2C%2022nd%20Seigneur%20of%20Sark	Seigneur John Michael Beaumont (20 December 1927 – 3 July 2016) was the twenty-second Seigneur of Sark in the Channel Islands. He worked as a civil engineer before succeeding his paternal grandmother, Sibyl Hathaway, the 21st Dame of Sark, in 1974. During his rule, Beaumont saw the loss of many feudal rights enjoyed b...	Michael Beaumont, 22nd Seigneur of Sark	[ "Engineering" ]	724	[ "Structural engineering", "Structural engineers" ]
160,767	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bristol%20Centaurus	The Centaurus was the final development of the Bristol Engine Company's series of sleeve valve radial aircraft engines. The Centaurus is an 18-cylinder, two-row design that eventually delivered over . The engine was introduced into service late in the Second World War and was one of the most powerful aircraft piston en...	Bristol Centaurus	[ "Technology" ]	1,828	[ "Sleeve valve engines", "Engines" ]
160,773	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argonne%20National%20Laboratory	Argonne National Laboratory is a federally funded research and development center in Lemont, Illinois, United States. Founded in 1946, the laboratory is owned by the United States Department of Energy and administered by UChicago Argonne LLC of the University of Chicago. The facility is the largest national laboratory ...	Argonne National Laboratory	[ "Engineering" ]	3,868	[ "Nuclear research institutes", "Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design certified buildings", "Nuclear organizations", "Building engineering" ]
160,815	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAS%20Registry%20Number	A CAS Registry Number (also referred to as CAS RN or informally CAS Number) is a unique identification number, assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) in the US to every chemical substance described in the open scientific literature, in order to index the substance in the CAS Registry. This registry includes ...	CAS Registry Number	[ "Chemistry", "Mathematics" ]	1,119	[ "Mathematical objects", "American Chemical Society", "Chemical numbering schemes", "Numbers" ]
160,832	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunnel	A tunnel is an underground or undersea passageway. It is dug through surrounding soil, earth or rock, or laid under water, and is usually completely enclosed except for the two portals common at each end, though there may be access and ventilation openings at various points along the length. A pipeline differs signific...	Tunnel	[ "Engineering" ]	12,057	[ "Construction", "Civil engineering" ]
160,847	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycogen%20storage%20disease%20type%20V	Glycogen storage disease type V (GSD5, GSD-V), also known as McArdle's disease, is a metabolic disorder, one of the metabolic myopathies, more specifically a muscle glycogen storage disease, caused by a deficiency of myophosphorylase. Its incidence is reported as one in 100,000, roughly the same as glycogen storage dis...	Glycogen storage disease type V	[ "Chemistry" ]	5,789	[ "Inborn errors of carbohydrate metabolism", "Carbohydrate metabolism" ]
160,851	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycogen%20storage%20disease	A glycogen storage disease (GSD, also glycogenosis and dextrinosis) is a metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency of an enzyme or transport protein affecting glycogen synthesis, glycogen breakdown, or glucose breakdown, typically in muscles and/or liver cells. GSD has two classes of cause: genetic and environmental. ...	Glycogen storage disease	[ "Chemistry" ]	4,394	[ "Inborn errors of carbohydrate metabolism", "Metabolic disorders", "Carbohydrate metabolism", "Metabolism" ]
160,853	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felt	Felt is a textile that is produced by matting, condensing, and pressing fibers together. Felt can be made of natural fibers such as wool or animal fur, or from synthetic fibers such as petroleum-based acrylic or acrylonitrile or wood pulp–based rayon. Blended fibers are also common. Natural fiber felt has special prope...	Felt	[ "Physics", "Engineering" ]	3,037	[ "Building engineering", "Construction", "Materials", "Building materials", "Matter", "Architecture" ]
160,986	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order%20statistic	In statistics, the kth order statistic of a statistical sample is equal to its kth-smallest value. Together with rank statistics, order statistics are among the most fundamental tools in non-parametric statistics and inference. Important special cases of the order statistics are the minimum and maximum value of a samp...	Order statistic	[ "Mathematics" ]	2,917	[ "Functions and mappings", "Permutations", "Mathematical objects", "Combinatorics", "Mathematical relations" ]
160,987	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CJK%20characters	In internationalization, CJK characters is a collective term for graphemes used in the Chinese, Japanese, and Korean writing systems, which each include Chinese characters. It can also go by CJKV to include Chữ Nôm, the Chinese-origin logographic script formerly used for the Vietnamese language, or CJKVZ to also includ...	CJK characters	[ "Technology" ]	1,151	[ "Natural language and computing" ]
160,990	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinitesimal	In mathematics, an infinitesimal number is a non-zero quantity that is closer to 0 than any non-zero real number is. The word infinitesimal comes from a 17th-century Modern Latin coinage infinitesimus, which originally referred to the "infinity-eth" item in a sequence. Infinitesimals do not exist in the standard real ...	Infinitesimal	[ "Mathematics" ]	5,311	[ "Calculus", "Mathematical logic", "Mathematical objects", "Infinity", "Nonstandard analysis", "Mathematics of infinitesimals", "Model theory", "History of calculus" ]
160,993	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generating%20function	In mathematics, a generating function is a representation of an infinite sequence of numbers as the coefficients of a formal power series. Generating functions are often expressed in closed form (rather than as a series), by some expression involving operations on the formal series. There are various types of generat...	Generating function	[ "Mathematics" ]	7,579	[ "Sequences and series", "Generating functions", "Mathematical structures" ]
161,005	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head-related%20transfer%20function	A head-related transfer function (HRTF) is a response that characterizes how an ear receives a sound from a point in space. As sound strikes the listener, the size and shape of the head, ears, ear canal, density of the head, size and shape of nasal and oral cavities, all transform the sound and affect how it is perceiv...	Head-related transfer function	[ "Physics", "Mathematics", "Technology", "Engineering" ]	3,562	[ "Telecommunications engineering", "Computer engineering", "Signal processing", "Applied mathematics", "Control theory", "Classical mechanics", "Acoustics", "Electronic engineering", "Electrical circuits", "Electrical engineering", "Dynamical systems" ]
161,006	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unary%20operation	In mathematics, a unary operation is an operation with only one operand, i.e. a single input. This is in contrast to binary operations, which use two operands. An example is any function , where is a set; the function is a unary operation on . Common notations are prefix notation (e.g. ¬, −), postfix notation (e.g. ...	Unary operation	[ "Mathematics" ]	712	[ "Functions and mappings", "Unary operations", "Mathematical objects", "Elementary algebra", "Elementary mathematics", "Mathematical relations", "Algebra" ]
161,016	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R.%20T.%20Crowley	Robert T. Crowley (born March 2, 1948) is a pioneer in the development and practice of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), an early component of electronic commerce. Crowley participated in the development of the early forms of EDI, working with Edward A. Guilbert, the creator of the technology, from the 1977 onwards, ...	R. T. Crowley	[ "Technology" ]	318	[ "Computing stubs", "Computer specialist stubs" ]
161,019	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negation	In logic, negation, also called the logical not or logical complement, is an operation that takes a proposition to another proposition "not ", written , , or . It is interpreted intuitively as being true when is false, and false when is true. For example, if is "Spot runs", then "not " is "Spot does not run". An o...	Negation	[ "Mathematics" ]	2,260	[ "Mathematical objects", "Functions and mappings", "Mathematical relations", "Unary operations" ]
161,176	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webcomic	Webcomics (also known as online comics or Internet comics) are comics published on the internet, such as on a website or a mobile app. While many webcomics are published exclusively online, others are also published in magazines, newspapers, or comic books. Webcomics can be compared to self-published print comics in th...	Webcomic	[ "Technology" ]	2,276	[ "Multimedia", "New media", "Internet-based works" ]
161,212	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mkdir	The mkdir (make directory) command in the Unix, DOS, DR FlexOS, IBM OS/2, Microsoft Windows, and ReactOS operating systems is used to make a new directory. It is also available in the EFI shell and in the PHP scripting language. In DOS, OS/2, Windows and ReactOS, the command is often abbreviated to md. The command is ...	Mkdir	[ "Technology" ]	842	[ "IBM i Qshell commands", "Windows commands", "Computing commands", "OS/2 commands", "ReactOS commands", "Plan 9 commands", "Inferno (operating system) commands", "MSX-DOS commands" ]
161,241	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altitude%20%28triangle%29	In geometry, an altitude of a triangle is a line segment through a given vertex (called apex) and perpendicular to a line containing the side or edge opposite the apex. This (finite) edge and (infinite) line extension are called, respectively, the base and extended base of the altitude. The point at the intersection o...	Altitude (triangle)	[ "Mathematics" ]	876	[ "Line (geometry)", "Straight lines defined for a triangle" ]
161,244	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthocenter	The orthocenter of a triangle, usually denoted by , is the point where the three (possibly extended) altitudes intersect. The orthocenter lies inside the triangle if and only if the triangle is acute. For a right triangle, the orthocenter coincides with the vertex at the right angle. Formulation Let denote the verti...	Orthocenter	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	1,654	[ "Point (geometry)", "Triangle centers", "Points defined for a triangle", "Geometric centers", "Symmetry" ]
161,253	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20fluctuation	In quantum physics, a quantum fluctuation (also known as a vacuum state fluctuation or vacuum fluctuation) is the temporary random change in the amount of energy in a point in space, as prescribed by Werner Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. They are minute random fluctuations in the values of the fields which represe...	Quantum fluctuation	[ "Physics", "Mathematics" ]	722	[ "Physical quantities", "Quantity", "Theoretical physics", "Quantum mechanics", "Energy (physics)", "Wikipedia categories named after physical quantities" ]
161,267	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitting	Sitting is a basic action and resting position in which the body weight is supported primarily by the bony ischial tuberosities with the buttocks in contact with the ground or a horizontal surface such as a chair seat, instead of by the lower limbs as in standing, squatting or kneeling. When sitting, the torso is more ...	Sitting	[ "Biology" ]	1,966	[ "Behavior", "Human positions", "Human behavior" ]
161,278	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Period%205%20element	A period 5 element is one of the chemical elements in the fifth row (or period) of the periodic table of the chemical elements. The periodic table is laid out in rows to illustrate recurring (periodic) trends in the chemical behaviour of the elements as their atomic number increases: a new row is begun when chemical be...	Period 5 element	[ "Chemistry" ]	6,414	[ "Periodic table", "Periods (periodic table)" ]
161,291	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noble%20metal	A noble metal is ordinarily regarded as a metallic element that is generally resistant to corrosion and is usually found in nature in its raw form. Gold, platinum, and the other platinum group metals (ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium) are most often so classified. Silver, copper, and mercury are sometimes...	Noble metal	[ "Chemistry", "Materials_science", "Engineering" ]	2,777	[ "Metallurgy", "Materials science", "nan" ]
161,293	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphoterism	In chemistry, an amphoteric compound () is a molecule or ion that can react both as an acid and as a base. What exactly this can mean depends on which definitions of acids and bases are being used. Etymology and terminology Amphoteric is derived from the Greek word () meaning "both". Related words in acid-base chemi...	Amphoterism	[ "Chemistry" ]	1,714	[ "Acid–base chemistry", "Amphoteric compounds", "Acids", "Equilibrium chemistry", "nan", "Bases (chemistry)" ]
161,296	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colony%20%28biology%29	In biology, a colony is composed of two or more conspecific individuals living in close association with, or connected to, one another. This association is usually for mutual benefit such as stronger defense or the ability to attack bigger prey. Colonies can form in various shapes and ways depending on the organism in...	Colony (biology)	[ "Biology" ]	1,730	[ "Microbiology terms" ]
161,306	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sellmeier%20equation	The Sellmeier equation is an empirical relationship between refractive index and wavelength for a particular transparent medium. The equation is used to determine the dispersion of light in the medium. It was first proposed in 1872 by Wolfgang Sellmeier and was a development of the work of Augustin Cauchy on Cauchy's ...	Sellmeier equation	[ "Physics", "Chemistry" ]	916	[ "Applied and interdisciplinary physics", "Equations of physics", "Optics", "Eponymous equations of physics", " molecular", "Atomic", " and optical physics" ]
161,339	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20geometers	A geometer is a mathematician whose area of study is the historical aspects that define geometry, instead of the analytical geometric studies that becomes conducted from geometricians. Some notable geometers and their main fields of work, chronologically listed, are: 1000 BCE to 1 BCE Baudhayana (fl. c. 800 BC) – ...	List of geometers	[ "Mathematics" ]	2,218	[ "Geometers", "Geometry" ]
161,344	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASC%20X12	The Accredited Standards Committee X12 (also known as ASC X12) is a standards organization. Chartered by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) in 1979, it develops and maintains the X12 Electronic data interchange (EDI) and Context Inspired Component Architecture (CICA) standards along with XML schemas which...	ASC X12	[ "Technology" ]	760	[ "Computer standards", "Data interchange standards" ]
161,388	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indirect%20self-reference	Indirect self-reference describes an object referring to itself indirectly. For example, define the function f such that f(x) = x(x). Any function passed as an argument to f is invoked with itself as an argument, and thus in any use of that argument is indirectly referring to itself. This example is similar to the Sc...	Indirect self-reference	[ "Mathematics" ]	605	[ "Theoretical computer science", "Applied mathematics" ]
15,988,191	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phototrophic%20biofilm	Phototrophic biofilms are microbial communities generally comprising both phototrophic microorganisms, which use light as their energy source, and chemoheterotrophs. Thick laminated multilayered phototrophic biofilms are usually referred to as microbial mats or phototrophic mats (see also biofilm). These organisms, whi...	Phototrophic biofilm	[ "Biology", "Environmental_science" ]	1,948	[ "Algae", "Prokaryotes", "Bacteria", "Environmental microbiology", "Cyanobacteria", "Microorganisms" ]
15,988,726	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington%20Summit%20Publishers	Washington Summit Publishers (WSP) is a white nationalist publisher based in Augusta, Georgia, which produces and sells books on race and intelligence and related topics. The company is run by white supremacist Richard B. Spencer, who also ran the defunct white supremacist National Policy Institute. History Before Spe...	Washington Summit Publishers	[ "Biology" ]	456	[ "Biology theories", "Obsolete biology theories", "Scientific racism" ]

Subsets and Splits

No community queries yet

The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.