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379307 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrite | Nitrite | The nitrite ion has the chemical formula . Nitrite (mostly sodium nitrite) is widely used throughout chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The nitrite anion is a pervasive intermediate in the nitrogen cycle in nature. The name nitrite also refers to organic compounds having the –ONO group, which are esters of nitrous... | Physical sciences | Nitric oxyanions | Chemistry |
379330 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fighter-bomber | Fighter-bomber | A fighter-bomber is a fighter aircraft that has been modified, or used primarily, as a light bomber or attack aircraft. It differs from bomber and attack aircraft primarily in its origins, as a fighter that has been adapted into other roles, whereas bombers and attack aircraft are developed specifically for bombing and... | Technology | Military aviation | null |
1659969 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20phosphorus%20munition | White phosphorus munition | White phosphorus munitions are weapons that use one of the common allotropes of the chemical element phosphorus. White phosphorus is used in smoke, illumination, and incendiary munitions, and is commonly the burning element of tracer ammunition. Other common names for white phosphorus munitions include WP and the slang... | Technology | Incendiary weapons | null |
1661177 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accretion%20%28astrophysics%29 | Accretion (astrophysics) | In astrophysics, accretion is the accumulation of particles into a massive object by gravitationally attracting more matter, typically gaseous matter, into an accretion disk. Most astronomical objects, such as galaxies, stars, and planets, are formed by accretion processes.
Overview
The accretion model that Earth and... | Physical sciences | Celestial mechanics | Astronomy |
1661334 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo%20rhodesiensis | Homo rhodesiensis | Homo rhodesiensis is the species name proposed by Arthur Smith Woodward (1921) to classify Kabwe 1 (the "Kabwe skull" or "Broken Hill skull", also "Rhodesian Man"), a Middle Stone Age fossil recovered from Broken Hill mine in Kabwe, Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia). In 2020, the skull was dated to 324,000 to 274,000 yea... | Biology and health sciences | Homo | Biology |
1661402 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australopithecus%20anamensis | Australopithecus anamensis | Australopithecus anamensis is a hominin species that lived approximately between 4.3 and 3.8 million years ago and is the oldest known Australopithecus species, living during the Plio-Pleistocene era.
Nearly one hundred fossil specimens of A. anamensis are known from Kenya and Ethiopia, representing over twenty indivi... | Biology and health sciences | Australopithecines | Biology |
1664060 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive%20immune%20system | Adaptive immune system | The adaptive immune system, AIS, also known as the acquired immune system, or specific immune system is a subsystem of the immune system that is composed of specialized cells, organs, and processes that eliminate pathogens specifically. The acquired immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies found in vert... | Biology and health sciences | Immune system | Biology |
190166 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burbot | Burbot | The burbot (Lota lota), also known as bubbot, mariah, loche, cusk, freshwater cod, freshwater ling, freshwater cusk, the lawyer, coney-fish, lingcod, or eelpout, is a species of coldwater ray-finned fish native to the subarctic regions of the Northern hemisphere. It is the only member of the genus Lota, and is the only... | Biology and health sciences | Acanthomorpha | Animals |
190450 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appropriate%20technology | Appropriate technology | Appropriate technology is a movement (and its manifestations) encompassing technological choice and application that is small-scale, affordable by its users, labor-intensive, energy-efficient, environmentally sustainable, and locally autonomous. It was originally articulated as intermediate technology by the economist ... | Technology | General | null |
190835 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coevolution | Coevolution | In biology, coevolution occurs when two or more species reciprocally affect each other's evolution through the process of natural selection. The term sometimes is used for two traits in the same species affecting each other's evolution, as well as gene-culture coevolution.
Charles Darwin mentioned evolutionary interac... | Biology and health sciences | Basics_4 | Biology |
190919 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunrise | Sunrise | Sunrise (or sunup) is the moment when the upper rim of the Sun appears on the horizon in the morning, at the start of the Sun path. The term can also refer to the entire process of the solar disk crossing the horizon.
Terminology
Although the Sun appears to "rise" from the horizon, it is actually the Earth's motion th... | Physical sciences | Celestial mechanics | Astronomy |
190933 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunset | Sunset | Sunset (or sundown) is the disappearance of the Sun at the end of the Sun path, below the horizon of the Earth (or any other astronomical object in the Solar System) due to its rotation. As viewed from everywhere on Earth, it is a phenomenon that happens approximately once every 24 hours, except in areas close to the p... | Physical sciences | Celestial mechanics | Astronomy |
190996 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignin | Lignin | Lignin is a class of complex organic polymers that form key structural materials in the support tissues of most plants. Lignins are particularly important in the formation of cell walls, especially in wood and bark, because they lend rigidity and do not rot easily. Chemically, lignins are polymers made by cross-linkin... | Physical sciences | Polyphenols | Chemistry |
191061 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dawn | Dawn | Dawn is the time that marks the beginning of twilight before sunrise. It is recognized by the appearance of indirect sunlight being scattered in Earth's atmosphere, when the centre of the Sun's disc has reached 18° below the observer's horizon. This morning twilight period will last until sunrise (when the Sun's upper ... | Physical sciences | Celestial mechanics | Astronomy |
191064 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dusk | Dusk | Dusk occurs at the darkest stage of twilight, or at the very end of astronomical twilight after sunset and just before nightfall. At predusk, during early to intermediate stages of twilight, enough light in the sky under clear conditions may occur to read outdoors without artificial illumination; however, at the end of... | Physical sciences | Celestial mechanics | Astronomy |
191094 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attractor | Attractor | In the mathematical field of dynamical systems, an attractor is a set of states toward which a system tends to evolve, for a wide variety of starting conditions of the system. System values that get close enough to the attractor values remain close even if slightly disturbed.
In finite-dimensional systems, the evolvin... | Mathematics | Dynamical systems | null |
191101 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase%20space | Phase space | The phase space of a physical system is the set of all possible physical states of the system when described by a given parameterization. Each possible state corresponds uniquely to a point in the phase space. For mechanical systems, the phase space usually consists of all possible values of the position and momentum p... | Mathematics | Dynamical systems | null |
191123 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planck%27s%20law | Planck's law | In physics, Planck's law (also Planck radiation law) describes the spectral density of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a black body in thermal equilibrium at a given temperature , when there is no net flow of matter or energy between the body and its environment.
At the end of the 19th century, physicists were un... | Physical sciences | Thermodynamics | Physics |
191149 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramecium | Paramecium | Paramecium ( , , plural "paramecia" only when used as a vernacular name) is a genus of eukaryotic, unicellular ciliates, widespread in freshwater, brackish, and marine environments. Paramecia are often abundant in stagnant basins and ponds. Because some species are readily cultivated and easily induced to conjugate an... | Biology and health sciences | Other organisms | null |
191156 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monazite | Monazite | Monazite is a primarily reddish-brown phosphate mineral that contains rare-earth elements. Due to variability in composition, monazite is considered a group of minerals. The most common species of the group is monazite-(Ce), that is, the cerium-dominant member of the group. It occurs usually in small isolated crystals.... | Physical sciences | Minerals | Earth science |
191159 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bastn%C3%A4site | Bastnäsite | The mineral bastnäsite (or bastnaesite) is one of a family of three fluorocarbonate minerals, which includes bastnäsite-(Ce) with a formula of (Ce, La)CO3F, bastnäsite-(La) with a formula of (La, Ce)CO3F, and bastnäsite-(Y) with a formula of (Y, Ce)CO3F. Some of the bastnäsites contain OH− instead of F− and receive the... | Physical sciences | Minerals | Earth science |
191162 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drainage%20basin | Drainage basin | A drainage basin is an area of land in which all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin is separated from adjacent basins by a perimeter, the drainage divide, made up of a succession of elevated features, such as ri... | Physical sciences | Hydrology | null |
191163 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chytridiomycota | Chytridiomycota | Chytridiomycota are a division of zoosporic organisms in the kingdom Fungi, informally known as chytrids. The name is derived from the Ancient Greek (), meaning "little pot", describing the structure containing unreleased zoospores. Chytrids are one of the earliest diverging fungal lineages, and their membership in ki... | Biology and health sciences | Basics | Plants |
191164 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zygomycota | Zygomycota | Zygomycota, or zygote fungi, is a former division or phylum of the kingdom Fungi. The members are now part of two phyla: the Mucoromycota and Zoopagomycota. Approximately 1060 species are known. They are mostly terrestrial in habitat, living in soil or on decaying plant or animal material. Some are parasites of plants,... | Biology and health sciences | Fungi | null |
191214 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarin%20orange | Mandarin orange | A mandarin orange (Citrus reticulata), often simply called mandarin, is a small, rounded citrus tree fruit. Treated as a distinct species of orange, it is usually eaten plain or in fruit salads. The mandarin is small and oblate, unlike the roughly spherical sweet orange (which is a mandarin-pomelo hybrid). The taste is... | Biology and health sciences | Sapindales | null |
191295 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aswan%20Dam | Aswan Dam | The Aswan Dam, or Aswan High Dam, is one of the world's largest embankment dams, which was built across the Nile in Aswan, Egypt, between 1960 and 1970. When it was completed, it was the tallest earthen dam in the world, surpassing the Chatuge Dam in the United States. The dam, which created the Lake Nasser reservoir,... | Technology | Hydraulic infrastructure | null |
191304 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schistosomiasis | Schistosomiasis | Schistosomiasis, also known as snail fever, bilharzia, and Katayama fever, is a disease caused by parasitic flatworms called schistosomes. It affects the urinary tract or the intestines. Symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stool, or blood in the urine. Those who have been infected for a long time may expe... | Biology and health sciences | Helminthic diseases and infestations | Health |
191395 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jade | Jade | Jade is an umbrella term for two different types of decorative rocks used for jewelry or ornaments. Jade is often referred to by either of two different silicate mineral names: nephrite (a silicate of calcium and magnesium in the amphibole group of minerals), or jadeite (a silicate of sodium and aluminum in the pyroxen... | Physical sciences | Mineral gemstones | null |
191490 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine%20tool | Machine tool | A machine tool is a machine for handling or machining metal or other rigid materials, usually by cutting, boring, grinding, shearing, or other forms of deformations. Machine tools employ some sort of tool that does the cutting or shaping. All machine tools have some means of constraining the workpiece and provide a g... | Technology | Industrial machinery | null |
191538 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B6lder%27s%20inequality | Hölder's inequality | In mathematical analysis, Hölder's inequality, named after Otto Hölder, is a fundamental inequality between integrals and an indispensable tool for the study of spaces.
The numbers and above are said to be Hölder conjugates of each other. The special case gives a form of the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality. Hölder's ine... | Mathematics | Other algebra topics | null |
191646 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OLED | OLED | An organic light-emitting diode (OLED), also known as organic electroluminescent (organic EL) diode, is a type of light-emitting diode (LED) in which the emissive electroluminescent layer is an organic compound film that emits light in response to an electric current. This organic layer is situated between two electrod... | Technology | Media and communication: Basics | null |
191717 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray%20binary | X-ray binary | X-ray binaries are a class of binary stars that are luminous in X-rays.
The X-rays are produced by matter falling from one component, called the donor (usually a relatively common main sequence star), to the other component, called the accretor, which is either a neutron star or black hole.
The infalling matter relea... | Physical sciences | Stellar astronomy | Astronomy |
191788 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebra%20over%20a%20field | Algebra over a field | In mathematics, an algebra over a field (often simply called an algebra) is a vector space equipped with a bilinear product. Thus, an algebra is an algebraic structure consisting of a set together with operations of multiplication and addition and scalar multiplication by elements of a field and satisfying the axioms i... | Mathematics | Abstract algebra | null |
191884 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headphones | Headphones | Headphones are a pair of small loudspeaker drivers worn on or around the head over a user's ears. They are electroacoustic transducers, which convert an electrical signal to a corresponding sound. Headphones let a single user listen to an audio source privately, in contrast to a loudspeaker, which emits sound into the ... | Technology | Media and communication: Basics | null |
191897 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric-field%20screening | Electric-field screening | In physics, screening is the damping of electric fields caused by the presence of mobile charge carriers. It is an important part of the behavior of charge-carrying mediums, such as ionized gases (classical plasmas), electrolytes, and electronic conductors (semiconductors, metals).
In a fluid, with a given permittivity... | Physical sciences | Electrostatics | Physics |
191933 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential%20growth | Exponential growth | Exponential growth occurs when a quantity grows as an exponential function of time. The quantity grows at a rate directly proportional to its present size. For example, when it is 3 times as big as it is now, it will be growing 3 times as fast as it is now.
In more technical language, its instantaneous rate of change ... | Mathematics | Specific functions | null |
191936 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil%20lamp | Oil lamp | An oil lamp is a lamp used to produce light continuously for a period of time using an oil-based fuel source. The use of oil lamps began thousands of years ago and continues to this day, although their use is less common in modern times. They work in the same way as a candle but with fuel that is liquid at room temper... | Technology | Lighting | null |
191985 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural%20formula | Structural formula | The structural formula of a chemical compound is a graphic representation of the molecular structure (determined by structural chemistry methods), showing how the atoms are connected to one another. The chemical bonding within the molecule is also shown, either explicitly or implicitly. Unlike other chemical formula ty... | Physical sciences | Substance | Chemistry |
192013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saw | Saw | A saw is a tool consisting of a tough blade, wire, or chain with a hard toothed edge used to cut through material. Various terms are used to describe toothed and abrasive saws.
Saws began as serrated materials, and when mankind learned how to use iron, it became the preferred material for saw blades of all kinds. Ther... | Technology | Hand tools | null |
192184 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pica%20%28disorder%29 | Pica (disorder) | Pica is the craving or consumption of objects that are not normally intended to be consumed. It is classified as an eating disorder but can also be the result of an existing mental disorder. The ingested or craved substance may be biological, natural or manmade. The term was drawn directly from the medieval Latin word ... | Biology and health sciences | Mental disorders | Health |
192198 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polio%20vaccine | Polio vaccine | Polio vaccines are vaccines used to prevent poliomyelitis (polio). Two types are used: an inactivated poliovirus given by injection (IPV) and a weakened poliovirus given by mouth (OPV). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends all children be fully vaccinated against polio. The two vaccines have eliminated polio ... | Biology and health sciences | Drugs and pharmacology | null |
192225 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opiliones | Opiliones | The Opiliones (formerly Phalangida) are an order of arachnids,
colloquially known as harvestmen, harvesters, harvest spiders, or daddy longlegs. , over 6,650 species of harvestmen have been discovered worldwide, although the total number of extant species may exceed 10,000. The order Opiliones includes five suborders: ... | Biology and health sciences | Arachnids | Animals |
192232 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scaffolding | Scaffolding | Scaffolding, also called scaffold or staging, is a temporary structure used to support a work crew and materials to aid in the construction, maintenance and repair of buildings, bridges and all other human-made structures. Scaffolds are widely used on site to get access to heights and areas that would be otherwise hard... | Technology | Building materials | null |
192233 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palpigradi | Palpigradi | Palpigradi is an order of very small arachnids commonly known as microwhip scorpion or palpigrades.
Description
Palpigrades belong to the arachnid class. They are the sister group to Solifugae, no more than in length, and averaging . They have a thin, pale, segmented integument, and a segmented abdomen that terminat... | Biology and health sciences | Arachnids | Animals |
192282 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uropygi | Uropygi | Uropygi is an arachnid order comprising invertebrates commonly known as whip scorpions or vinegaroons (also spelled vinegarroons and vinegarones). They are often called uropygids. The name "whip scorpion" refers to their resemblance to true scorpions and possession of a whiplike tail, and "vinegaroon" refers to their a... | Biology and health sciences | Arachnids | Animals |
192316 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual%20particle | Virtual particle | A virtual particle is a theoretical transient particle that exhibits some of the characteristics of an ordinary particle, while having its existence limited by the uncertainty principle, which allows the virtual particles to spontaneously emerge from vacuum at short time and space ranges. The concept of virtual particl... | Physical sciences | Subatomic particles: General | Physics |
192438 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shovel | Shovel | A shovel is a tool used for digging, lifting, and moving bulk materials, such as soil, coal, gravel, snow, sand, or ore. Most shovels are hand tools consisting of a broad blade fixed to a medium-length handle. Shovel blades are usually made of sheet steel or hard plastics and are very strong. Shovel handles are usually... | Technology | Agricultural tools | null |
192500 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetesimal | Planetesimal | Planetesimals () are solid objects thought to exist in protoplanetary disks and debris disks. Believed to have formed in the Solar System about 4.6 billion years ago, they aid study of its formation.
Formation
A widely accepted theory of planet formation, the planetesimal hypothesis of Viktor Safronov, states that pl... | Physical sciences | Planetary science | Astronomy |
192524 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colchicum | Colchicum | Colchicum ( or ) is a genus of perennial flowering plants containing around 160 species which grow from bulb-like corms. It is a member of the botanical family Colchicaceae, and is native to West Asia, Europe, parts of the Mediterranean coast, down the East African coast to South Africa and the Western Cape. In this ... | Biology and health sciences | Monocots | null |
192575 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illicium%20verum | Illicium verum | Illicium verum (star anise or badian, Chinese star anise, star anise seed, star aniseed and star of anise) is a medium-sized evergreen tree native to South China and northeast Vietnam. Its star-shaped pericarps harvested just before ripening is a spice that closely resembles anise in flavor. Its primary production coun... | Biology and health sciences | Herbs and spices | Plants |
192605 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacist | Pharmacist | A pharmacist, also known as a chemist in Commonwealth English, is a healthcare professional who is knowledgeable about preparation, mechanism of action, clinical usage and legislation of medications in order to dispense them safely to the public and to provide consultancy services. A pharmacist also often serves as a p... | Biology and health sciences | Drugs and pharmacology | null |
192753 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven%20Bridges%20of%20K%C3%B6nigsberg | Seven Bridges of Königsberg | The Seven Bridges of Königsberg is a historically notable problem in mathematics. Its negative resolution by Leonhard Euler, in 1736, laid the foundations of graph theory and prefigured the idea of topology.
The city of Königsberg in Prussia (now Kaliningrad, Russia) was set on both sides of the Pregel River, and incl... | Mathematics | Graph theory | null |
192790 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stegosaurus | Stegosaurus | Stegosaurus (; ) is a genus of herbivorous, four-legged, armored dinosaur from the Late Jurassic, characterized by the distinctive kite-shaped upright plates along their backs and spikes on their tails. Fossils of the genus have been found in the western United States and in Portugal, where they are found in Kimmeridgi... | Biology and health sciences | Dinosaurs and prehistoric reptiles | null |
192904 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate%20fate%20of%20the%20universe | Ultimate fate of the universe | The ultimate fate of the universe is a topic in physical cosmology, whose theoretical restrictions allow possible scenarios for the evolution and ultimate fate of the universe to be described and evaluated. Based on available observational evidence, deciding the fate and evolution of the universe has become a valid cos... | Physical sciences | Physical cosmology | null |
192989 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big%20Rip | Big Rip | In physical cosmology, the Big Rip is a hypothetical cosmological model concerning the ultimate fate of the universe, in which the matter of the universe, from stars and galaxies to atoms and subatomic particles, and even spacetime itself, is progressively torn apart by the expansion of the universe at a certain time i... | Physical sciences | Physical cosmology | Astronomy |
11250054 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strongylocentrotus%20purpuratus | Strongylocentrotus purpuratus | Strongylocentrotus purpuratus is a species of sea urchin in the family Strongylocentrotidae commonly known as the purple sea urchin. It lives along the eastern edge of the Pacific Ocean extending from Ensenada, Mexico, to British Columbia, Canada. This sea urchin species is deep purple in color, and lives in lower inte... | Biology and health sciences | Echinoderms | Animals |
69933 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanguard-class%20submarine | Vanguard-class submarine | The Vanguard class is a class of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs) in service with the Royal Navy. The class was introduced in 1994 as part of the Trident nuclear programme, and comprises four vessels: , , and , built between 1986 and 1999 at Barrow-in-Furness by Vickers Shipbuilding and Engineering... | Technology | Naval warfare | null |
69939 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic%20function | Elliptic function | In the mathematical field of complex analysis, elliptic functions are special kinds of meromorphic functions, that satisfy two periodicity conditions. They are named elliptic functions because they come from elliptic integrals. Those integrals are in turn named elliptic because they first were encountered for the calcu... | Mathematics | Functions: General | null |
69955 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrazine | Hydrazine | Hydrazine is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula . It is a simple pnictogen hydride, and is a colourless flammable liquid with an ammonia-like odour. Hydrazine is highly hazardous unless handled in solution as, for example, hydrazine hydrate ().
Hydrazine is mainly used as a foaming agent in preparing poly... | Physical sciences | Hydrogen compounds | Chemistry |
69971 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornbill | Hornbill | Hornbills are birds found in tropical and subtropical Africa, Asia and Melanesia of the family Bucerotidae. They are characterized by a long, down-curved bill which is frequently brightly coloured and sometimes has a horny casque on the upper mandible. Hornbills have a two-lobed kidney. They are the only birds in which... | Biology and health sciences | Coraciiformes | null |
70024 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maine%20Coon | Maine Coon | The Maine Coon is a large domesticated cat breed. One of the oldest natural breeds in North America, the breed originated in the U.S. state of Maine, where it is the official state cat.
The Maine Coon is a large and social cat, commonly referred to as "the gentle giant." The Maine Coon is predominantly known for its s... | Biology and health sciences | Cats | Animals |
70048 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectangle | Rectangle | In Euclidean plane geometry, a rectangle is a rectilinear convex polygon or a quadrilateral with four right angles. It can also be defined as: an equiangular quadrilateral, since equiangular means that all of its angles are equal (360°/4 = 90°); or a parallelogram containing a right angle. A rectangle with four sides o... | Mathematics | Two-dimensional space | null |
70117 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floodplain | Floodplain | A floodplain or flood plain or bottomlands is an area of land adjacent to a river. Floodplains stretch from the banks of a river channel to the base of the enclosing valley, and experience flooding during periods of high discharge. The soils usually consist of clays, silts, sands, and gravels deposited during floods.
... | Physical sciences | Fluvial landforms | null |
70144 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cypriniformes | Cypriniformes | Cypriniformes is an order of ray-finned fish, which includes many families and genera of cyprinid (carps and their kin) fish, such as barbs, gobies, loaches, botias, and minnows (among others). Cypriniformes is an "order-within-an-order", placed under the superorder Ostariophysi—which is also made up of cyprinid, osta... | Biology and health sciences | Cypriniformes | null |
70157 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recycling | Recycling | Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into new materials and objects. This concept often includes the recovery of energy from waste materials. The recyclability of a material depends on its ability to reacquire the properties it had in its original state. It is an alternative to "conventional" waste di... | Technology | Basics_6 | null |
70184 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duodenum | Duodenum | The duodenum is the first section of the small intestine in most higher vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In mammals, it may be the principal site for iron absorption.
The duodenum precedes the jejunum and ileum and is the shortest part of the small intestine.
In human beings, the duodenum is a holl... | Biology and health sciences | Gastrointestinal tract | Biology |
70289 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trachea | Trachea | The trachea (: tracheae or tracheas), also known as the windpipe, is a cartilaginous tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi of the lungs, allowing the passage of air, and so is present in almost all animals lungs. The trachea extends from the larynx and branches into the two primary bronchi. At the top of the tr... | Biology and health sciences | Respiratory system | Biology |
70374 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%98resund%20Bridge | Øresund Bridge | The Øresund or Öresund Bridge is a combined railway and motorway cable-stayed bridge across the Øresund strait between Denmark and Sweden. It is the second longest bridge in Europe with both roadway and railway combined in a single structure, running nearly from the Swedish coast to the artificial island Peberholm in ... | Technology | Multi-modal crossings | null |
70423 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esker | Esker | An esker, eskar, eschar, or os, sometimes called an asar, osar, or serpent kame, is a long, winding ridge of stratified sand and gravel, examples of which occur in glaciated and formerly glaciated regions of Europe and North America. Eskers are frequently several kilometres long and, because of their uniform shape, loo... | Physical sciences | Glacial landforms | Earth science |
70425 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflammation | Inflammation | Inflammation (from ) is part of the biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. The five cardinal signs are heat, pain, redness, swelling, and loss of function (Latin calor, dolor, rubor, tumor, and functio laesa).
Inflammation is a generic response, and ther... | Biology and health sciences | Injury | null |
70547 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breast%20cancer | Breast cancer | Breast cancer is a cancer that develops from breast tissue. Signs of breast cancer may include a lump in the breast, a change in breast shape, dimpling of the skin, milk rejection, fluid coming from the nipple, a newly inverted nipple, or a red or scaly patch of skin. In those with distant spread of the disease, there ... | Biology and health sciences | Cancer | null |
70565 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itaipu%20Dam | Itaipu Dam | The Itaipu Dam ( ; ; ) is a hydroelectric dam on the Paraná River located on the border between Brazil and Paraguay. It is the third largest hydroelectric dam in the world, and holds the 45th largest reservoir in the world.
The name "Itaipu" was taken from an isle that existed near the construction site. In the Guar... | Technology | Hydraulic infrastructure | null |
70576 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthoptera | Orthoptera | Orthoptera () is an order of insects that comprises the grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets, including closely related insects, such as the bush crickets or katydids and wētā. The order is subdivided into two suborders: Caelifera – grasshoppers, locusts, and close relatives; and Ensifera – crickets and close relatives.... | Biology and health sciences | Orthoptera | null |
70649 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hummingbird | Hummingbird | Hummingbirds are birds native to the Americas and comprise the biological family Trochilidae. With approximately 366 species and 113 genera, they occur from Alaska to Tierra del Fuego, but most species are found in Central and South America. As of 2024, 21 hummingbird species are listed as endangered or critically enda... | Biology and health sciences | Apodiformes | null |
70657 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van%20der%20Waals%20force | Van der Waals force | In molecular physics and chemistry, the van der Waals force (sometimes van der Waals' force) is a distance-dependent interaction between atoms or molecules. Unlike ionic or covalent bonds, these attractions do not result from a chemical electronic bond; they are comparatively weak and therefore more susceptible to dist... | Physical sciences | Supramolecular chemistry | Chemistry |
70663 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brine | Brine | Brine (or briny water) is a high-concentration solution of salt (typically sodium chloride or calcium chloride) in water. In diverse contexts, brine may refer to the salt solutions ranging from about 3.5% (a typical concentration of seawater, on the lower end of that of solutions used for brining foods) up to about 26... | Physical sciences | Water: General | Earth science |
70671 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress%E2%80%93energy%20tensor | Stress–energy tensor | The stress–energy tensor, sometimes called the stress–energy–momentum tensor or the energy–momentum tensor, is a tensor physical quantity that describes the density and flux of energy and momentum in spacetime, generalizing the stress tensor of Newtonian physics. It is an attribute of matter, radiation, and non-gravita... | Physical sciences | Theory of relativity | Physics |
70674 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opossum | Opossum | Opossums () are members of the marsupial order Didelphimorphia () endemic to the Americas. The largest order of marsupials in the Western Hemisphere, it comprises 126 species in 18 genera. Opossums originated in South America and entered North America in the Great American Interchange following the connection of North ... | Biology and health sciences | Marsupials | null |
70807 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunderstorm | Thunderstorm | A thunderstorm, also known as an electrical storm or a lightning storm, is a storm characterized by the presence of lightning and its acoustic effect on the Earth's atmosphere, known as thunder. Relatively weak thunderstorms are sometimes called thundershowers. Thunderstorms occur in a type of cloud known as a cumuloni... | Physical sciences | Storms | null |
70866 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombyx%20mori | Bombyx mori | Bombyx mori, commonly known as the domestic silk moth, is a moth species belonging to the family Bombycidae. It is the closest relative of Bombyx mandarina, the wild silk moth. Silkworms are the larvae of silk moths. The silkworm is of particular economic value, being a primary producer of silk. The silkworm's preferre... | Biology and health sciences | Lepidoptera | null |
70868 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flamethrower | Flamethrower | A flamethrower is a ranged incendiary device designed to project a controllable jet of fire. First deployed by the Byzantine Empire in the 7th century AD, flamethrowers saw use in modern times during World War I, and more widely in World War II as a tactical weapon against fortifications.
Most military flamethrowers u... | Technology | Incendiary weapons | null |
70950 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clove | Clove | Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, Syzygium aromaticum (). They are native to the Maluku Islands, or Moluccas, in Indonesia, and are commonly used as a spice, flavoring, or fragrance in consumer products, such as toothpaste, soaps, or cosmetics. Cloves are available throughout the ye... | Biology and health sciences | Myrtales | null |
70980 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appendicitis | Appendicitis | Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix. Symptoms commonly include right lower abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and decreased appetite. However, approximately 40% of people do not have these typical symptoms. Severe complications of a ruptured appendix include widespread, painful inflammation of the inner lining ... | Biology and health sciences | Specific diseases | Health |
71020 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet%E2%80%93visible%20spectroscopy | Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy | Ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV–Vis or UV-VIS) refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflectance spectroscopy in part of the ultraviolet and the full, adjacent visible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Being relatively inexpensive and easily implemented, this methodology is widely used in diverse applie... | Physical sciences | Spectroscopy | Chemistry |
71025 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exotic%20Shorthair | Exotic Shorthair | The Exotic Shorthair is a breed of cat developed as a short-haired version of the Persian. The Exotic is similar to the Persian in appearance with the exception of the short dense coat.
History
In the late 1950s, the Persian was used as an outcross by some American Shorthair breeders. This was done in secret in order... | Biology and health sciences | Cats | Animals |
71088 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hibernation | Hibernation | Hibernation is a state of minimal activity and metabolic depression undergone by some animal species. Hibernation is a seasonal heterothermy characterized by low body-temperature, slow breathing and heart-rate, and low metabolic rate. It is most commonly used to pass through winter months – called overwintering.
Altho... | Biology and health sciences | Ethology | null |
71100 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red-eared%20slider | Red-eared slider | The red-eared slider or red-eared terrapin (Trachemys scripta elegans) is a subspecies of the pond slider (Trachemys scripta), a semiaquatic turtle belonging to the family Emydidae. It is the most popular pet turtle in the United States, is also popular as a pet across the rest of the world, and is the most invasive tu... | Biology and health sciences | Reptiles | null |
71138 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave%20function%20collapse | Wave function collapse | In quantum mechanics, wave function collapse, also called reduction of the state vector, occurs when a wave function—initially in a superposition of several eigenstates—reduces to a single eigenstate due to interaction with the external world. This interaction is called an observation and is the essence of a measuremen... | Physical sciences | Quantum mechanics | Physics |
71234 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange%20%28colour%29 | Orange (colour) | Orange is the colour between yellow and red on the spectrum of visible light. The human eyes perceive orange when observing light with a dominant wavelength between roughly 585 and 620 nanometres. In traditional colour theory, it is a secondary colour of pigments, produced by mixing yellow and red. In the RGB colour mo... | Physical sciences | Color terms | null |
71268 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrochemistry | Astrochemistry | Astrochemistry is the study of the abundance and reactions of molecules in the universe, and their interaction with radiation. The discipline is an overlap of astronomy and chemistry. The word "astrochemistry" may be applied to both the Solar System and the interstellar medium. The study of the abundance of elements an... | Physical sciences | Astronomy basics | Astronomy |
71422 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphoma | Lymphoma | Lymphoma is a group of blood and lymph tumors that develop from lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell). The name typically refers to just the cancerous versions rather than all such tumours. Signs and symptoms may include enlarged lymph nodes, fever, drenching sweats, unintended weight loss, itching, and constantly f... | Biology and health sciences | Cancer | null |
71425 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphatic%20system | Lymphatic system | The lymphatic system, or lymphoid system, is an organ system in vertebrates that is part of the immune system and complementary to the circulatory system. It consists of a large network of lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, lymphoid organs, lymphatic tissue and lymph. Lymph is a clear fluid carried by the lymphatic vessel... | Biology and health sciences | Circulatory system | null |
71435 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal%20Turing%20machine | Universal Turing machine | In computer science, a universal Turing machine (UTM) is a Turing machine capable of computing any computable sequence, as described by Alan Turing in his seminal paper "On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem". Common sense might say that a universal machine is impossible, but Turing pro... | Mathematics | Computability theory | null |
71469 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barn%20%28unit%29 | Barn (unit) | A barn (symbol: b) is a metric unit of area equal to (100 fm2). This is equivalent to a square that is (10 fm) each side, or a circle of diameter approximately (11.28 fm).
Originally used in nuclear physics for expressing the cross sectional area of nuclei and nuclear reactions, today it is also used in all fields... | Physical sciences | Area | Basics and measurement |
71478 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exotic%20matter | Exotic matter | There are several proposed types of exotic matter:
Hypothetical particles and states of matter that have not yet been encountered, but whose properties would be within the realm of mainstream physics if found to exist.
Several particles whose existence has been experimentally confirmed that are conjectured to be ex... | Physical sciences | Physics basics: General | Physics |
71491 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis%20C | Hepatitis C | Hepatitis C is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) that primarily affects the liver; it is a type of viral hepatitis. During the initial infection period, people often have mild or no symptoms. Early symptoms can include fever, dark urine, abdominal pain, and yellow tinged skin. The virus persis... | Biology and health sciences | Viral diseases | Health |
71734 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polygraph | Polygraph | A polygraph, often incorrectly referred to as a lie detector test, is a pseudoscientific device or procedure that measures and records several physiological indicators such as blood pressure, pulse, respiration, and skin conductivity while a person is asked and answers a series of questions. The belief underpinning the... | Technology | Measuring instruments | null |
71758 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollow-point%20bullet | Hollow-point bullet | A hollow-point bullet is a type of expanding bullet which expands on impact with a soft target, transferring more or all of the projectile's energy into the target over a shorter distance.
Hollow-point bullets are used for controlled penetration, where overpenetration could cause collateral damage (such as aboard an a... | Technology | Ammunition | null |
71925 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image | Image | An image is a visual representation. An image can be two-dimensional, such as a drawing, painting, or photograph, or three-dimensional, such as a carving or sculpture. Images may be displayed through other media, including a projection on a surface, activation of electronic signals, or digital displays; they can also b... | Technology | Media and communication | null |
71940 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell%20pepper | Bell pepper | The bell pepper (also known as sweet pepper, pepper, capsicum or, in some parts of the US midwest, mango) is the fruit of plants in the Grossum Group of the species Capsicum annuum. Cultivars of the plant produce fruits in different colors, including red, yellow, orange, green, white, chocolate, candy cane striped, an... | Biology and health sciences | Solanales | null |
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