id stringlengths 2 8 | url stringlengths 31 117 | title stringlengths 1 71 | text stringlengths 153 118k | topic stringclasses 4
values | section stringlengths 4 49 ⌀ | sublist stringclasses 9
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
569881 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-arid%20climate | Semi-arid climate | A semi-arid climate, semi-desert climate, or steppe climate is a dry climate sub-type. It is located on regions that receive precipitation below potential evapotranspiration, but not as low as a desert climate. There are different kinds of semi-arid climates, depending on variables such as temperature, and they give ri... | Physical sciences | Climates | Earth science |
570029 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siberian%20crane | Siberian crane | The Siberian crane (Leucogeranus leucogeranus), also known as the Siberian white crane or the snow crane, is a bird of the family Gruidae, the cranes. They are distinctive among the cranes: adults are nearly all snowy white, except for their black primary feathers that are visible in flight, and with two breeding popul... | Biology and health sciences | Gruiformes | Animals |
570922 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action%20at%20a%20distance | Action at a distance | Action at a distance is the concept in physics that an object's motion can be affected by another object without the two being in physical contact; that is, it is the concept of the non-local interaction of objects that are separated in space. Coulomb's law and Newton's law of universal gravitation are based on action ... | Physical sciences | Physics basics: General | Physics |
571106 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kale | Kale | Kale (), also called leaf cabbage, belongs to a group of cabbage (Brassica oleracea) cultivars primarily grown for their edible leaves; it has also been used as an ornamental plant.
Description
Kale plants have green or purple leaves, and the central leaves do not form a head (as with headed cabbage). The stems can b... | Biology and health sciences | Brassicales | null |
571109 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirichlet%20problem | Dirichlet problem | In mathematics, a Dirichlet problem asks for a function which solves a specified partial differential equation (PDE) in the interior of a given region that takes prescribed values on the boundary of the region.
The Dirichlet problem can be solved for many PDEs, although originally it was posed for Laplace's equation. ... | Mathematics | Differential equations | null |
571215 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serenoa | Serenoa | Serenoa repens, commonly known as saw palmetto, is a small palm, growing to a maximum height around .
Taxonomy
It is the sole species in the genus Serenoa. The genus name honors American botanist Sereno Watson.
Distribution and habitat
It is endemic to the subtropical and tropical Southeastern United States as well... | Biology and health sciences | Arecales (inc. Palms) | Plants |
571274 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug%20discovery | Drug discovery | In the fields of medicine, biotechnology, and pharmacology, drug discovery is the process by which new candidate medications are discovered.
Historically, drugs were discovered by identifying the active ingredient from traditional remedies or by serendipitous discovery, as with penicillin. More recently, chemical libr... | Biology and health sciences | General concepts_2 | Health |
571490 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordyceps | Cordyceps | Cordyceps is a genus of ascomycete fungi (sac fungi) that includes over 260 species worldwide, many of which are parasitic. Diverse variants of cordyceps have had more than 1,500 years of use in Chinese medicine. Most Cordyceps species are endoparasitoids, parasitic mainly on insects and other arthropods (they are th... | Biology and health sciences | Edible fungi | Plants |
571549 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle%20cell | Muscle cell | A muscle cell, also known as a myocyte, is a mature contractile cell in the muscle of an animal. In humans and other vertebrates there are three types: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac (cardiomyocytes). A skeletal muscle cell is long and threadlike with many nuclei and is called a muscle fiber. Muscle cells develop from e... | Biology and health sciences | Muscular system | null |
571662 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muskrat | Muskrat | The muskrat or common muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) is a medium-sized semiaquatic rodent native to North America and an introduced species in parts of Europe, Asia, and South America.
The muskrat is found in wetlands over various climates and habitats. It has crucial effects on the ecology of wetlands, and is a resour... | Biology and health sciences | Rodents | null |
571727 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabal | Sabal | Sabal is a genus of New World palms (or fan-palms). Currently, there are 17 recognized species of Sabal, including one hybrid species.
Distribution
The species are native to the subtropical and tropical regions of the Americas, from the Gulf Coast/South Atlantic states in the Southeastern United States, south through... | Biology and health sciences | Arecales (inc. Palms) | Plants |
571816 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campylobacter%20jejuni | Campylobacter jejuni | Campylobacter jejuni is a species of pathogenic bacteria that is commonly associated with poultry, and is also often found in animal feces. This species of microbe is one of the most common causes of food poisoning in Europe and in the US, with the vast majority of cases occurring as isolated events rather than mass ou... | Biology and health sciences | Gram-negative bacteria | Plants |
571903 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tencent%20QQ | Tencent QQ | Tencent QQ (), also known as QQ, is an instant messaging software service and web portal developed by the Chinese technology company Tencent. QQ offers services that provide online social games, music, shopping, microblogging, movies, and group and voice chat software. As of March 2023, there were 597 million monthly a... | Technology | Social network and blogging | null |
571933 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cottontail%20rabbit | Cottontail rabbit | Cottontail rabbits are in the Sylvilagus genus, which is in the Leporidae family. They are found in the Americas. Most Sylvilagus species have stub tails with white undersides that show when they retreat, giving them their characteristic name. However, this feature is not present in all Sylvilagus, nor is it unique to ... | Biology and health sciences | Lagomorphs | Animals |
571970 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pointing%20dog | Pointing dog | Pointing dogs, sometimes called bird dogs, are a type of gundog typically used in finding game. Gundogs are traditionally divided into three classes: retrievers, flushing dogs, and pointing breeds. The name pointer comes from the dog's instinct to point, by stopping and aiming its muzzle towards game. This demonstrates... | Biology and health sciences | Dogs | Animals |
572393 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairbrush | Hairbrush | A hairbrush is a brush with rigid (hard or inflexible) or light and soft spokes used in hair care for smoothing, styling, and detangling human hair, or for grooming an animal's fur. It can also be used for styling in combination with a curling iron or hair dryer.
A brush is normally used for detangling hair, for examp... | Biology and health sciences | Hygiene products | Health |
572518 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicu%C3%B1a | Vicuña | The vicuña (Lama vicugna) or vicuna (both , very rarely spelled vicugna, its former genus name) is one of the two wild South American camelids, which live in the high alpine areas of the Andes; the other camelid is the guanaco, which lives at lower elevations. Vicuñas are relatives of the llama, and are now believed to... | Biology and health sciences | Artiodactyla | null |
573313 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical%20disability | Physical disability | A physical disability is a limitation on a person's physical functioning, mobility, dexterity or stamina. Other physical disabilities include impairments which limit other facets of daily living, such as respiratory disorders, blindness, epilepsy and sleep disorders.
Causes
Prenatal disabilities are acquired before b... | Biology and health sciences | Disability | null |
573489 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C3%20carbon%20fixation | C3 carbon fixation | {{DISPLAYTITLE: C3 carbon fixation}}
carbon fixation is the most common of three metabolic pathways for carbon fixation in photosynthesis, the other two being and CAM. This process converts carbon dioxide and ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP, a 5-carbon sugar) into two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate through the followin... | Biology and health sciences | Metabolic processes | Biology |
2980973 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culling | Culling | Culling is the process of segregating organisms from a group according to desired or undesired characteristics. In animal breeding, it is removing or segregating animals from a breeding stock based on a specific trait. This is done to exaggerate desirable characteristics, or to remove undesirable characteristics by alt... | Technology | Animal husbandry | null |
2981932 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea%20apple | Sea apple | Sea apple is the common name for the colorful and somewhat round sea cucumbers of the genus Pseudocolochirus, found in Indo-Pacific waters. Sea apples are filter feeders with tentacles, ovate bodies, and tube-like feet. As with many other holothurians, they can release their internal organs or a toxin into the water wh... | Biology and health sciences | Echinoderms | Animals |
6961053 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transform%2C%20clipping%2C%20and%20lighting | Transform, clipping, and lighting | Transform, clipping, and lighting (T&L or TCL) is a term used in computer graphics.
Overview
Transformation is the task of producing a two-dimensional view of a three-dimensional scene. Clipping means only drawing the parts of the scene that will be present in the picture after rendering is completed. Lighting is the... | Technology | Computer science | null |
14419104 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivet%20gun | Rivet gun | A rivet gun, also known as a rivet hammer or a pneumatic hammer, is a type of tool used to drive rivets. The rivet gun is used on rivet's factory head (the head present before riveting takes place), and a bucking bar is used to support the tail of the rivet. The energy from the hammer in the rivet gun drives the wor... | Technology | Hydraulics and pneumatics | null |
156739 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinny | Hinny | A hinny is a domestic equine hybrid, the offspring of a male horse (a stallion) and a female donkey (a jenny). It is the reciprocal cross to the more common mule, which is the product of a male donkey (a jack) and a female horse (a mare). The hinny is distinct from the mule both in physiology and temperament as a conse... | Biology and health sciences | Hybrids | Animals |
156778 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypochondriasis | Hypochondriasis | Hypochondriasis or hypochondria is a condition in which a person is excessively and unduly worried about having a serious illness. Hypochondria is an old concept whose meaning has repeatedly changed over its lifespan. It has been claimed that this debilitating condition results from an inaccurate perception of the cond... | Biology and health sciences | Mental disorders | Health |
156787 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desalination | Desalination | Desalination is a process that removes mineral components from saline water. More generally, desalination is the removal of salts and minerals from a substance. One example is soil desalination. This is important for agriculture. It is possible to desalinate saltwater, especially sea water, to produce water for human c... | Technology | Food, water and health | null |
156891 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford%20Model%20T | Ford Model T | The Ford Model T is an automobile that was produced by the Ford Motor Company from October 1, 1908, to May 26, 1927. It is generally regarded as the first mass-affordable automobile, which made car travel available to middle-class Americans. The relatively low price was partly the result of Ford's efficient fabrication... | Technology | Specific automobiles | null |
156964 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MicroRNA | MicroRNA | Micro ribonucleic acid (microRNA, miRNA, μRNA) are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules containing 21–23 nucleotides. Found in plants, animals, and even some viruses, miRNAs are involved in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. miRNAs base-pair to complementary sequences in m... | Biology and health sciences | Molecular biology | Biology |
156970 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytoskeleton | Cytoskeleton | The cytoskeleton is a complex, dynamic network of interlinking protein filaments present in the cytoplasm of all cells, including those of bacteria and archaea. In eukaryotes, it extends from the cell nucleus to the cell membrane and is composed of similar proteins in the various organisms. It is composed of three main... | Biology and health sciences | Organelles and other cell parts | null |
157009 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intersection%20%28road%29 | Intersection (road) | An intersection or an at-grade junction is a junction where two or more roads converge, diverge, meet or cross at the same height, as opposed to an interchange, which uses bridges or tunnels to separate different roads. Major intersections are often delineated by gores and may be classified by road segments, traffic co... | Technology | Road infrastructure | null |
157055 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law%20of%20large%20numbers | Law of large numbers | In probability theory, the law of large numbers (LLN) is a mathematical law that states that the average of the results obtained from a large number of independent random samples converges to the true value, if it exists. More formally, the LLN states that given a sample of independent and identically distributed value... | Mathematics | Statistics and probability | null |
157057 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlation | Correlation | In statistics, correlation or dependence is any statistical relationship, whether causal or not, between two random variables or bivariate data. Although in the broadest sense, "correlation" may indicate any type of association, in statistics it usually refers to the degree to which a pair of variables are linearly r... | Mathematics | Statistics and probability | null |
157059 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covariance | Covariance | In probability theory and statistics, covariance is a measure of the joint variability of two random variables.
The sign of the covariance, therefore, shows the tendency in the linear relationship between the variables. If greater values of one variable mainly correspond with greater values of the other variable, and ... | Mathematics | Statistics and probability | null |
157092 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross%20product | Cross product | In mathematics, the cross product or vector product (occasionally directed area product, to emphasize its geometric significance) is a binary operation on two vectors in a three-dimensional oriented Euclidean vector space (named here ), and is denoted by the symbol . Given two linearly independent vectors and , the c... | Mathematics | Algebra | null |
157093 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dot%20product | Dot product | In mathematics, the dot product or scalar product is an algebraic operation that takes two equal-length sequences of numbers (usually coordinate vectors), and returns a single number. In Euclidean geometry, the dot product of the Cartesian coordinates of two vectors is widely used. It is often called the inner product ... | Mathematics | Algebra | null |
157115 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cut%2C%20copy%2C%20and%20paste | Cut, copy, and paste | Cut, copy, and paste are essential commands of modern human–computer interaction and user interface design. They offer an interprocess communication technique for transferring data through a computer's user interface. The cut command removes the selected data from its original position, and the copy command creates a d... | Technology | User interface | null |
157175 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramsey%20theory | Ramsey theory | Ramsey theory, named after the British mathematician and philosopher Frank P. Ramsey, is a branch of the mathematical field of combinatorics that focuses on the appearance of order in a substructure given a structure of a known size. Problems in Ramsey theory typically ask a question of the form: "how big must some str... | Mathematics | Combinatorics | null |
157302 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepper%20spray | Pepper spray | Pepper spray, oleoresin capsicum spray, OC spray, capsaicin spray,mace, or capsicum spray is a lachrymator (tear gas) product containing the compound capsaicin as the active ingredient that irritates the eyes to cause burning and pain sensations, as well as temporary blindness. Its inflammatory effects cause the eyes t... | Technology | Less-lethal weapons | null |
157606 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass%20fiber | Glass fiber | Glass fiber (or glass fibre) is a material consisting of numerous extremely fine fibers of glass.
Glassmakers throughout history have experimented with glass fibers, but mass manufacture of glass fiber was only made possible with the invention of finer machine tooling. In 1893, Edward Drummond Libbey exhibited a dress... | Technology | Materials | null |
157616 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite%20material | Composite material | A composite or composite material (also composition material) is a material which is produced from two or more constituent materials. These constituent materials have notably dissimilar chemical or physical properties and are merged to create a material with properties unlike the individual elements. Within the finishe... | Technology | Material and chemical | null |
157626 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peregrine%20falcon | Peregrine falcon | The peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus), also known simply as the peregrine, is a cosmopolitan bird of prey (raptor) in the family Falconidae. A large, crow-sized falcon, it has a blue-grey back, barred white underparts, and a black head. The peregrine is renowned for its speed. It can reach over during its characteri... | Biology and health sciences | Accipitriformes and Falconiformes | null |
157700 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment%20of%20inertia | Moment of inertia | The moment of inertia, otherwise known as the mass moment of inertia, angular/rotational mass, second moment of mass, or most accurately, rotational inertia, of a rigid body is defined relative to a rotational axis. It is the ratio between the torque applied and the resulting angular acceleration about that axis. It pl... | Physical sciences | Classical mechanics | null |
157736 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid%20vehicle | Hybrid vehicle | A hybrid vehicle is one that uses two or more distinct types of power, such as submarines that use diesel when surfaced and batteries when submerged. Other means to store energy include pressurized fluid in hydraulic hybrids.
Hybrid powertrains are designed to switch from one power source to another to maximize both f... | Technology | Basics_7 | null |
157774 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permafrost | Permafrost | Permafrost () is soil or underwater sediment which continuously remains below for two years or more: the oldest permafrost had been continuously frozen for around 700,000 years. Whilst the shallowest permafrost has a vertical extent of below a meter (3 ft), the deepest is greater than . Similarly, the area of individu... | Physical sciences | Glaciology | null |
157819 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteor%20shower | Meteor shower | A meteor shower is a celestial event in which a number of meteors are observed to radiate, or originate, from one point in the night sky. These meteors are caused by streams of cosmic debris called meteoroids entering Earth's atmosphere at extremely high speeds on parallel trajectories. Most meteors are smaller than a ... | Physical sciences | Planetary science | null |
157841 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viola%20%28plant%29 | Viola (plant) | Viola is a genus of flowering plants in the violet family Violaceae. It is the largest genus in the family, containing over 680 species. Most species are found in the temperate Northern Hemisphere; however, some are also found in widely divergent areas such as Hawaii, Australasia, and the Andes.
Some Viola species are... | Biology and health sciences | Malpighiales | null |
157898 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye | Eye | An eye is a sensory organ that allows an organism to perceive visual information. It detects light and converts it into electro-chemical impulses in neurons (neurones). It is part of an organism's visual system.
In higher organisms, the eye is a complex optical system that collects light from the surrounding environme... | Biology and health sciences | Biology | null |
158005 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic%20recombination | Genetic recombination | Genetic recombination (also known as genetic reshuffling) is the exchange of genetic material between different organisms which leads to production of offspring with combinations of traits that differ from those found in either parent. In eukaryotes, genetic recombination during meiosis can lead to a novel set of genet... | Biology and health sciences | Genetics | Biology |
158011 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid%20bilayer | Lipid bilayer | The lipid bilayer (or phospholipid bilayer) is a thin polar membrane made of two layers of lipid molecules. These membranes form a continuous barrier around all cells. The cell membranes of almost all organisms and many viruses are made of a lipid bilayer, as are the nuclear membrane surrounding the cell nucleus, and m... | Biology and health sciences | Cell parts | Biology |
158400 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepsis | Sepsis | Sepsis is a potentially life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs.
This initial stage of sepsis is followed by suppression of the immune system. Common signs and symptoms include fever, increased heart rate, increased breathing rate, and co... | Biology and health sciences | Symptoms and signs | Health |
158405 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron%28II%29%20sulfate | Iron(II) sulfate | Iron(II) sulfate (British English: iron(II) sulphate) or ferrous sulfate denotes a range of salts with the formula FeSO4·xH2O. These compounds exist most commonly as the heptahydrate (x = 7) but several values for x are known. The hydrated form is used medically to treat or prevent iron deficiency, and also for industr... | Physical sciences | Sulfuric oxyanions | Chemistry |
158478 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedestrian%20crossing | Pedestrian crossing | A pedestrian crossing (or crosswalk in American and Canadian English) is a place designated for pedestrians to cross a road, street or avenue. The term "pedestrian crossing" is also used in the Vienna and Geneva Conventions, both of which pertain to road signs and road traffic.
Marked pedestrian crossings are often fo... | Technology | Road infrastructure | null |
158530 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cepheid%20variable | Cepheid variable | A Cepheid variable () is a type of variable star that pulsates radially, varying in both diameter and temperature. It changes in brightness, with a well-defined stable period and amplitude. Cepheids are important cosmic benchmarks for scaling galactic and extragalactic distances; a strong direct relationship exists bet... | Physical sciences | Stellar astronomy | null |
158681 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft%20engine | Aircraft engine | An aircraft engine, often referred to as an aero engine, is the power component of an aircraft propulsion system. Aircraft using power components are referred to as powered flight. Most aircraft engines are either piston engines or gas turbines, although a few have been rocket powered and in recent years many small UAV... | Technology | Aviation | null |
158788 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonyl%20group | Carbonyl group | For organic chemistry, a carbonyl group is a functional group with the formula , composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom, and it is divalent at the C atom. It is common to several classes of organic compounds (such as aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids), as part of many larger functional groups. ... | Physical sciences | Concepts: General | Chemistry |
9270823 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocarnivorous%20plant | Protocarnivorous plant | A protocarnivorous plant (sometimes also paracarnivorous, subcarnivorous, or borderline carnivore), according to some definitions, traps and kills insects or other animals but lacks the ability to either directly digest or absorb nutrients from its prey like a carnivorous plant. The morphological adaptations such as st... | Biology and health sciences | Botany | Biology |
975495 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Street%20photography | Street photography | Street photography is photography conducted for art or inquiry that features unmediated chance encounters and random incidents within public places. It usually has the aim of capturing images at a decisive or poignant moment by careful framing and timing. Street photography overlaps widely with candid photography, alth... | Technology | Photography | null |
975686 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dike%20%28geology%29 | Dike (geology) | In geology, a dike or dyke is a sheet of rock that is formed in a fracture of a pre-existing rock body. Dikes can be either magmatic or sedimentary in origin. Magmatic dikes form when magma flows into a crack then solidifies as a sheet intrusion, either cutting across layers of rock or through a contiguous mass of rock... | Physical sciences | Geologic features | Earth science |
976931 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire-bellied%20toad | Fire-bellied toad | The fire-bellied toads are a group of six species of small frogs (most species typically no longer than ) belonging to the genus Bombina.
The name "fire-bellied" is derived from the brightly colored red- or yellow-and-black patterns on the toads' ventral regions, which act as aposematic coloration, a warning to predat... | Biology and health sciences | Frogs and toads | Animals |
977193 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halocarbon | Halocarbon | Halocarbon compounds are chemical compounds in which one or more carbon atoms are linked by covalent bonds with one or more halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine – ) resulting in the formation of organofluorine compounds, organochlorine compounds, organobromine compounds, and organoiodine compounds. Chlo... | Physical sciences | Halocarbons | Chemistry |
977244 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substituent | Substituent | In organic chemistry, a substituent is one or a group of atoms that replaces (one or more) atoms, thereby becoming a moiety in the resultant (new) molecule. (In organic chemistry and biochemistry, the terms substituent and functional group, as well as side chain and pendant group, are used almost interchangeably to des... | Physical sciences | Concepts_2 | Chemistry |
977418 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santiago%20Metro | Santiago Metro | The Santiago Metro () is a rapid transit system serving the city of Santiago, the capital of Chile. It currently consists of seven lines (numbered 1-6 and 4A), 143 stations, and of revenue route. The system is managed by the state-owned Metro S.A. and is the first rapid transit system in the country.
The Santiago Met... | Technology | Americas | null |
977592 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rings%20of%20Saturn | Rings of Saturn | The rings of Saturn are the most extensive and complex ring system of any planet in the Solar System. They consist of countless small particles, ranging in size from micrometers to meters, that orbit around Saturn. The ring particles are made almost entirely of water ice, with a trace component of rocky material. There... | Physical sciences | Solar System | Astronomy |
978913 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brittleness | Brittleness | A material is brittle if, when subjected to stress, it fractures with little elastic deformation and without significant plastic deformation. Brittle materials absorb relatively little energy prior to fracture, even those of high strength. Breaking is often accompanied by a sharp snapping sound.
When used in materials... | Physical sciences | Solid mechanics | Physics |
979227 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rings%20of%20Jupiter | Rings of Jupiter | The rings of Jupiter are a system of faint planetary rings. The Jovian rings were the third ring system to be discovered in the Solar System, after those of Saturn and Uranus. The main ring was discovered in 1979 by the Voyager 1 space probe and the system was more thoroughly investigated in the 1990s by the Galileo or... | Physical sciences | Solar System | Astronomy |
979232 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rings%20of%20Uranus | Rings of Uranus | The rings of Uranus consists of 13 planetary rings. They are intermediate in complexity between the more extensive set around Saturn and the simpler systems around Jupiter and Neptune. The rings of Uranus were discovered on March 10, 1977, by James L. Elliot, Edward W. Dunham, and Jessica Mink. William Herschel had al... | Physical sciences | Solar System | Astronomy |
979237 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rings%20of%20Neptune | Rings of Neptune | The rings of Neptune consist primarily of five principal rings. They were first discovered (as "arcs") by simultaneous observations of a stellar occultation on 22 July 1984 by André Brahic's and William B. Hubbard's teams at La Silla Observatory (ESO) and at Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory in Chile. They were ev... | Physical sciences | Solar System | Astronomy |
979306 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital%20station-keeping | Orbital station-keeping | In astrodynamics, orbital station-keeping is keeping a spacecraft at a fixed distance from another spacecraft or celestial body. It requires a series of orbital maneuvers made with thruster burns to keep the active craft in the same orbit as its target. For many low Earth orbit satellites, the effects of non-Keplerian ... | Physical sciences | Orbital mechanics | Astronomy |
979452 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculptor%20Galaxy | Sculptor Galaxy | The Sculptor Galaxy (also known as the Silver Coin Galaxy, Silver Dollar Galaxy, NGC 253, or Caldwell 65) is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Sculptor. The Sculptor Galaxy is a starburst galaxy, which means that it is currently undergoing a period of intense star formation.
Observation
Observational... | Physical sciences | Notable galaxies | Astronomy |
4096049 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosphorus%20Bridge | Bosphorus Bridge | The Bosphorus Bridge (), known officially as the 15 July Martyrs Bridge () and colloquially as the First Bridge (), is the oldest and southernmost of the three suspension bridges spanning the Bosphorus strait (Turkish: Boğaziçi) in Istanbul, Turkey, thus connecting Europe and Asia (alongside the Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bri... | Technology | Bridges | null |
4101529 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocker%20box | Rocker box | A rocker box (also known as a cradle or a big box) is a gold mining implement for separating alluvial placer gold from sand and gravel which was used in placer mining in the 19th century. It consists of a high-sided box, which is open on one end and on top, and was placed on rockers.
The inside bottom of the box is li... | Technology | Metallurgy | null |
1513400 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seine%20fishing | Seine fishing | Seine fishing (or seine-haul fishing; ) is a method of fishing that employs a surrounding net, called a seine, that hangs vertically in the water with its bottom edge held down by weights and its top edge buoyed by floats. Seine nets can be deployed from the shore as a beach seine, or from a boat.
Boats deploying sei... | Technology | Hunting and fishing | null |
1514469 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column%20chromatography | Column chromatography | Column chromatography in chemistry is a chromatography method used to isolate a single chemical compound from a mixture. Chromatography is able to separate substances based on differential absorption of compounds to the adsorbent; compounds move through the column at different rates, allowing them to be separated into ... | Physical sciences | Chromatography | Chemistry |
1514751 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple%20junction | Triple junction | A triple junction is the point where the boundaries of three tectonic plates meet. At the triple junction each of the three boundaries will be one of three types – a ridge (R), trench (T) or transform fault (F) – and triple junctions can be described according to the types of plate margin that meet at them (e.g. fault–... | Physical sciences | Tectonics | Earth science |
1515472 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stokes%20parameters | Stokes parameters | The Stokes parameters are a set of values that describe the polarization state of electromagnetic radiation. They were defined by George Gabriel Stokes in 1851, as a mathematically convenient alternative to the more common description of incoherent or partially polarized radiation in terms of its total intensity (I), (... | Physical sciences | Optics | Physics |
1515653 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite%20navigation | Satellite navigation | A satellite navigation or satnav system is a system that uses satellites to provide autonomous geopositioning. A satellite navigation system with global coverage is termed global navigation satellite system (GNSS). , four global systems are operational: the United States's Global Positioning System (GPS), Russia's Glob... | Technology | Navigation | null |
1515866 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pye-dog | Pye-dog | Pye-dog, or sometimes pariah dog, is a term used to describe an ownerless, half-wild, free-ranging dog that lives in or close to human settlements throughout Asia. The term is derived from the Sanskrit para, which translates to "outsider".
The United Kennel Club uses the term pariah dog to classify various breeds in a... | Biology and health sciences | Dogs | Animals |
1515898 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamic%20equations | Thermodynamic equations | Thermodynamics is expressed by a mathematical framework of thermodynamic equations which relate various thermodynamic quantities and physical properties measured in a laboratory or production process. Thermodynamics is based on a fundamental set of postulates, that became the laws of thermodynamics.
Introduction
One ... | Physical sciences | Thermodynamics | Physics |
7131739 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapejaridae | Tapejaridae | Tapejaridae (from a Tupi word meaning "the lord of the ways") is a family of azhdarchoid pterosaurs from the Cretaceous period. Members are currently known from Brazil, England, Hungary, Morocco, Spain, the United States, and China. The most primitive genera were found in China, indicating that the family has an Asian ... | Biology and health sciences | Pterosaurs | Animals |
5464288 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telluric%20contamination | Telluric contamination | Telluric contamination is contamination of the astronomical spectra by the Earth's atmosphere.
Interference with astronomical observations
Most astronomical observations are conducted by measuring photons (electromagnetic waves) which originate beyond the sky. The molecules in the Earth's atmosphere, however, absorb ... | Physical sciences | Basics | Astronomy |
5465118 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%91nig%27s%20theorem%20%28graph%20theory%29 | Kőnig's theorem (graph theory) | In the mathematical area of graph theory, Kőnig's theorem, proved by , describes an equivalence between the maximum matching problem and the minimum vertex cover problem in bipartite graphs. It was discovered independently, also in 1931, by Jenő Egerváry in the more general case of weighted graphs.
Setting
A vertex c... | Mathematics | Graph theory | null |
5468113 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europasaurus | Europasaurus | Europasaurus (meaning 'Europe lizard') is a basal macronarian sauropod, a form of quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur. It lived during the Late Jurassic (middle Kimmeridgian, from about 154 to 151 million years ago) of northern Germany, and has been identified as an example of insular dwarfism resulting from the isolation... | Biology and health sciences | Sauropods | Animals |
15939419 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black%20Iberian%20pig | Black Iberian pig | The Iberian pig, also known in Portugal as the Alentejo Pig, is a traditional breed of the domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) that is native to the Iberian Peninsula. The Iberian pig, whose origins can probably be traced back to the Neolithic, when animal domestication started, is currently found in herds clustered i... | Biology and health sciences | Pigs | Animals |
13261606 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%20banana | Red banana | Red bananas are a group of varieties of bananas with reddish-purple skin. Some are smaller and plumper than the common Cavendish banana, others much larger. Ripe, raw red bananas have a flesh that is creamy to light pink. They are also softer and sweeter than the yellow Cavendish varieties, some with a slight tangy ras... | Biology and health sciences | Tropical and tropical-like fruit | Plants |
8632926 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security%20bug | Security bug | A security bug or security defect is a software bug that can be exploited to gain unauthorized access or privileges on a computer system. Security bugs introduce security vulnerabilities by compromising one or more of:
Authentication of users and other entities
Authorization of access rights and privileges
Data co... | Technology | Computer security | null |
8634017 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceroxylon%20quindiuense | Ceroxylon quindiuense | Ceroxylon quindiuense, often called Quindío wax palm, is a palm native to the humid montane forests of the Andes in Colombia and Peru.
Description
This palm species can grow to a height of —or rarely, even as high as . It is the tallest recorded monocot in the world. The trunk is cylindrical, smooth, light colored, ... | Biology and health sciences | Arecales (inc. Palms) | Plants |
10780895 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celestial%20cartography | Celestial cartography | Celestial cartography, uranography,
astrography or star cartography is the aspect of astronomy and branch of cartography concerned with mapping stars, galaxies, and other astronomical objects on the celestial sphere. Measuring the position and light of charted objects requires a variety of instruments and techniques. ... | Physical sciences | Celestial sphere: General | Astronomy |
10780959 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wattieza | Wattieza | Wattieza was a genus of prehistoric trees that existed in the mid-Devonian that belong to the cladoxylopsids, close relatives of the modern ferns and horsetails. The 2005 discovery (publicly revealed in 2007) in Schoharie County, New York, of fossils from the Middle Devonian about 385 million years ago united the crown... | Biology and health sciences | Pteridophytes | Plants |
10791959 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%E2%80%93Z%20notation | E–Z notation | E–Z configuration, or the E–Z convention, is the IUPAC preferred method of describing the absolute stereochemistry of double bonds in organic chemistry. It is an extension of cis–trans isomer notation (which only describes relative stereochemistry) that can be used to describe double bonds having two, three or four sub... | Physical sciences | Stereochemistry | Chemistry |
2160676 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coastal%20geography | Coastal geography | Coastal geography is the study of the constantly changing region between the ocean and the land, incorporating both the physical geography (i.e. coastal geomorphology, climatology and oceanography) and the human geography (sociology and history) of the coast. It includes understanding coastal weathering processes, par... | Physical sciences | Oceanic and coastal landforms | Earth science |
2161429 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eigenvalues%20and%20eigenvectors | Eigenvalues and eigenvectors | In linear algebra, an eigenvector ( ) or characteristic vector is a vector that has its direction unchanged (or reversed) by a given linear transformation. More precisely, an eigenvector, , of a linear transformation, , is scaled by a constant factor, , when the linear transformation is applied to it: . The correspondi... | Mathematics | Algebra | null |
2165266 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceprano%20Man | Ceprano Man | Ceprano Man, Argil, and Ceprano Calvarium, is a Middle Pleistocene archaic human fossil, a single skull cap (calvarium), accidentally unearthed in a highway construction project in 1994 near Ceprano in the Province of Frosinone, Italy. It was initially considered Homo cepranensis, Homo erectus, or possibly Homo anteces... | Biology and health sciences | Homo | Biology |
2165269 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paranthropus%20robustus | Paranthropus robustus | Paranthropus robustus is a species of robust australopithecine from the Early and possibly Middle Pleistocene of the Cradle of Humankind, South Africa, about 2.27 to 0.87 (or, more conservatively, 2 to 1) million years ago. It has been identified in Kromdraai, Swartkrans, Sterkfontein, Gondolin, Cooper's, and Drimolen ... | Biology and health sciences | Australopithecines | Biology |
2165275 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paranthropus%20boisei | Paranthropus boisei | Paranthropus boisei is a species of australopithecine from the Early Pleistocene of East Africa about 2.5 to 1.15 million years ago. The holotype specimen, OH 5, was discovered by palaeoanthropologist Mary Leakey in 1959 at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania and described by her husband Louis a month later. It was originally plac... | Biology and health sciences | Australopithecines | Biology |
2985420 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese%20units%20of%20measurement | Japanese units of measurement | Traditional Japanese units of measurement or the shakkanhō () is the traditional system of measurement used by the people of the Japanese archipelago. It is largely based on the Chinese system, which spread to Japan and the rest of the Sinosphere in antiquity. It has remained mostly unaltered since the adoption of the ... | Physical sciences | Measurement systems | Basics and measurement |
2987828 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper%28II%29%20acetate | Copper(II) acetate | Copper(II) acetate, also referred to as cupric acetate, is the chemical compound with the formula Cu(OAc)2 where AcO− is acetate (). The hydrated derivative, Cu2(OAc)4(H2O)2, which contains one molecule of water for each copper atom, is available commercially. Anhydrous copper(II) acetate is a dark green crystalline so... | Physical sciences | Acetates | Chemistry |
2988583 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium%20acetate | Calcium acetate | Calcium acetate is a chemical compound which is a calcium salt of acetic acid. It has the formula Ca(C2H3O2)2. Its standard name is calcium acetate, while calcium ethanoate is the systematic name. An older name is acetate of lime. The anhydrous form is very hygroscopic; therefore the monohydrate (Ca(CH3COO)2•H2O) is t... | Physical sciences | Acetates | Chemistry |
2988743 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromium%28II%29%20acetate | Chromium(II) acetate | Chromium(II) acetate hydrate, also known as chromous acetate, is the coordination compound with the formula Cr2(CH3CO2)4(H2O)2. This formula is commonly abbreviated Cr2(OAc)4(H2O)2. This red-coloured compound features a quadruple bond. The preparation of chromous acetate once was a standard test of the synthetic skills... | Physical sciences | Acetates | Chemistry |
6974397 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferret-badger | Ferret-badger | Ferret-badgers are the six species of the genus Melogale, which is the only genus of the monotypic mustelid subfamily Helictidinae.
Bornean ferret-badger (Melogale everetti)
Chinese ferret-badger (Melogale moschata)
Formosan ferret-badger (Melogale subaurantiaca)
Javan ferret-badger (Melogale orientalis)
Burmese f... | Biology and health sciences | Mustelidae | Animals |
7139621 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shearing%20%28physics%29 | Shearing (physics) | In continuum mechanics, shearing refers to the occurrence of a shear strain, which is a deformation of a material substance in which parallel internal surfaces slide past one another. It is induced by a shear stress in the material. Shear strain is distinguished from volumetric strain. The change in a material's volu... | Physical sciences | Solid mechanics | Physics |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.