id int64 0 18.9k | biography stringlengths 151 1.51k | qa listlengths 1 25 |
|---|---|---|
14,203 | As of 2013 the City of Paris had 1,570 hotels with 70,034 rooms, of which 55 were rated five-star, mostly belonging to international chains and mostly located close to the centre and the Champs-Élysées. Paris has long been famous for its grand hotels. The Hotel Meurice, opened for British travellers in 1817, was one of... | [
{
"answer": "1,570",
"question": "How many hotels are in the City of Paris?"
},
{
"answer": "1817",
"question": "When did The Hotel Meurice open?"
},
{
"answer": "1855",
"question": "When was the Hotel du Louvre opened?"
},
{
"answer": "Champs-Élysées",
"question": "Alon... |
14,204 | For centuries, Paris has attracted artists from around the world, who arrive in the city to educate themselves and to seek inspiration from its vast pool of artistic resources and galleries. As a result, Paris has acquired a reputation as the "City of Art". Italian artists were a profound influence on the development o... | [
{
"answer": "sculpture and reliefs",
"question": "What art was Paris famous for in the 16th and 17th centuries?"
},
{
"answer": "Pierre Mignard",
"question": "Who was the first painter to King Louis XIV?"
},
{
"answer": "1648",
"question": "In what year was the Academie royale de pei... |
14,206 | The inventor Nicéphore Niépce produced the first permanent photograph on a polished pewter plate in Paris in 1825, and then developed the process with Louis Daguerre. The work of Étienne-Jules Marey in the 1880s contributed considerably to the development of modern photography. Photography came to occupy a central role... | [
{
"answer": "1825",
"question": "In what year was the first permanent photograph produced?"
},
{
"answer": "Nicéphore Niépce",
"question": "Who invented the first permanent photograph?"
},
{
"answer": "street scenes",
"question": "What was Eugene Atget known for photographing?"
},
... |
14,208 | Paris hosts one of the largest science museums in Europe, the Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie at La Villette. The National Museum of Natural History, on the Left Bank, is famous for its dinosaur artefacts, mineral collections, and its Gallery of Evolution. The military history of France, from the Middle Ages to Wor... | [
{
"answer": "The National Museum of Natural History",
"question": "What museum is famous for its dinosaur artifacts?"
},
{
"answer": "October 2014",
"question": "When did THe Contemporary Art museum of the Louis Vuitton Foundation open?"
},
{
"answer": "the tomb of Napoleon",
"questi... |
14,209 | The largest opera houses of Paris are the 19th-century Opéra Garnier (historical Paris Opéra) and modern Opéra Bastille; the former tends toward the more classic ballets and operas, and the latter provides a mixed repertoire of classic and modern. In middle of the 19th century, there were three other active and competi... | [
{
"answer": "January 2015",
"question": "When did Philharmonie de Paris open?"
},
{
"answer": "Opéra Garnier (historical Paris Opéra) and modern Opéra Bastille;",
"question": "What are the two largest opera houses in Paris?"
},
{
"answer": "classic ballets and operas",
"question": "W... |
14,210 | Theatre traditionally has occupied a large place in Parisian culture, and many of its most popular actors today are also stars of French television. The oldest and most famous Paris theatre is the Comédie-Française, founded in 1680. Run by the French government, it performs mostly French classics at the Salle Richelieu... | [
{
"answer": "1680",
"question": "When was the oldest Paris theater founded?"
},
{
"answer": "Comédie-Française",
"question": "What is the name of Paris' oldest theater?"
},
{
"answer": "French government",
"question": "Who runs Paris' oldest theater today?"
},
{
"answer": "th... |
14,212 | The first book printed in France, Epistolae ("Letters"), by Gasparinus de Bergamo (Gasparino da Barzizza), was published in Paris in 1470 by the press established by Johann Heynlin. Since then, Paris has been the centre of the French publishing industry, the home of some of the world's best-known writers and poets, and... | [
{
"answer": "Epistolae",
"question": "What was the title of the first book printed in France?"
},
{
"answer": "Gasparinus de Bergamo",
"question": "Who wrote Epistolae?"
},
{
"answer": "1470",
"question": "When was Epistolae published?"
},
{
"answer": "Latin",
"question":... |
14,213 | During the 19th century, Paris was the home and subject for some of France's greatest writers, including Charles Baudelaire, Stéphane Mallarmé, Mérimée, Alfred de Musset, Marcel Proust, Émile Zola, Alexandre Dumas, Gustave Flaubert, Guy de Maupassant and Honoré de Balzac. Victor Hugo's The Hunchback of Notre Dame inspi... | [
{
"answer": "The Hunchback of Notre Dame",
"question": "What book inspired the renovation of Notre Dame?"
},
{
"answer": "Victor Hugo",
"question": "Who wrote The Hunchback of Notre Dame?"
},
{
"answer": "Second Empire",
"question": "During what period of time was Victor Hugo exiled ... |
14,214 | In the 20th century, the Paris literary community was dominated by Colette, André Gide, François Mauriac, André Malraux, Albert Camus, and, after World War II, by Simone de Beauvoir and Jean-Paul Sartre; Between the wars it was the home of many important expatriate writers, including Ernest Hemingway, Samuel Beckett, a... | [
{
"answer": "Patrick Modiano",
"question": "Who was the winner of the 2014 Nobel prize in literature?"
},
{
"answer": "20th",
"question": "In what century did Collete, ANdre Gide and Francois Mauriac dominate the literary community?"
},
{
"answer": "Paris",
"question": "In what city ... |
14,215 | Paris is a city of books and bookstores. In the 1970s, 80 percent of French-language publishing houses were found in Paris, almost all on the Left Bank in the 5th, 6th and 7th arrondissements. Since that time, because of high prices, some publishers have moved out to the less expensive areas. It is also a city of small... | [
{
"answer": "80",
"question": "What percentage of french publishing houses were in Paris in the 1970s?"
},
{
"answer": "150",
"question": "Approximately how many bookstores are located in the 5th arrondissement?"
},
{
"answer": "250",
"question": "How many bookstalls are located alon... |
14,217 | Bal-musette is a style of French music and dance that first became popular in Paris in the 1870s and 1880s; by 1880 Paris had some 150 dance halls in the working-class neighbourhoods of the city. Patrons danced the bourrée to the accompaniment of the cabrette (a bellows-blown bagpipe locally called a "musette") and oft... | [
{
"answer": "Bal-musette",
"question": "What style of french music became populars in the 1870sto 1880s?"
},
{
"answer": "150",
"question": "in 1880, how many dance halls were in Paris?"
},
{
"answer": "musette",
"question": "What is a cabrette known as locally?"
},
{
"answer... |
14,218 | Immediately after the War The Saint-Germain-des-Pres quarter and the nearby Saint-Michel quarter became home to many small jazz clubs, mostly found in cellars because of a lack of space; these included the Caveau des Lorientais, the Club Saint-Germain, the Rose Rouge, the Vieux-Colombier, and the most famous, Le Tabou.... | [
{
"answer": "1960s",
"question": "When did most of the jazz clubs close down?"
},
{
"answer": "musical tastes shifted toward rock and roll",
"question": "Why did the jazz clubs close down?"
},
{
"answer": "cellars",
"question": "Where were most jazz clubs located?"
}
] |
14,219 | The movie industry was born in Paris when Auguste and Louis Lumière projected the first motion picture for a paying audience at the Grand Café on 28 December 1895. Many of Paris' concert/dance halls were transformed into movie theatres when the media became popular beginning in the 1930s. Later, most of the largest cin... | [
{
"answer": "Grand Café",
"question": "Where was the first movie projected for a paying audience in Paris?"
},
{
"answer": "28 December 1895",
"question": "What date was the first movie played in Paris for a paying crowd?"
},
{
"answer": "1930s",
"question": "In what decade did movie... |
14,220 | Parisians tend to share the same movie-going trends as many of the world's global cities, with cinemas primarily dominated by Hollywood-generated film entertainment. French cinema comes a close second, with major directors (réalisateurs) such as Claude Lelouch, Jean-Luc Godard, and Luc Besson, and the more slapstick/po... | [
{
"answer": "Philippe Binant",
"question": "Who realied the first digital cinema projection in Europe?"
},
{
"answer": "Texas Instruments",
"question": "Who developed the technology for the digital cinema projection?"
},
{
"answer": "Hollywood-generated",
"question": "What types of f... |
14,221 | Since the late 18th century, Paris has been famous for its restaurants and haute cuisine, food meticulously prepared and artfully presented. A luxury restaurant, La Taverne Anglaise, opened in 1786 in the arcades of the Palais-Royal by Antoine Beauvilliers; it featured an elegant dining room, an extensive menu, linen t... | [
{
"answer": "La Taverne Anglaise",
"question": "What is the model for luxury Parisian restaurants?"
},
{
"answer": "1786",
"question": "When did La Taverne Angaise open?"
},
{
"answer": "19th",
"question": "In what century was Cafe Anglais, Cafe de Paris and Rocher de Cancale opened?... |
14,222 | Today, thanks to Paris' cosmopolitan population, every French regional cuisine and almost every national cuisine in the world can be found there; the city has more than 9,000 restaurants. The Michelin Guide has been a standard guide to French restaurants since 1900, awarding its highest award, three stars, to the best ... | [
{
"answer": "9,000",
"question": "How many restaurants are there today in Paris?"
},
{
"answer": "1900",
"question": "When was the Michelin guide created?"
},
{
"answer": "nine",
"question": "How many 3 star Michelin restaurants were in Paris in 2015?"
},
{
"answer": "29",
... |
14,224 | Paris has been an international capital of high fashion since the 19th century, particularly in the domain of haute couture, clothing hand-made to order for private clients. It is home of some of the largest fashion houses in the world, including Dior and Chanel, and of many well-known fashion designers, including Karl... | [
{
"answer": "haute couture",
"question": "What is clothing made to order for private clients called?"
},
{
"answer": "Paris",
"question": "Dior is from which city?"
},
{
"answer": "19th",
"question": "In what century did Paris become largely into fashion?"
},
{
"answer": "L'O... |
14,227 | There are several academic libraries and archives in Paris. The Sorbonne Library in the 5th arrondissement is the largest university library in Paris. In addition to the Sorbonne location, there are branches in Malesherbes, Clignancourt-Championnet, Michelet-Institut d'Art et d'Archéologie, Serpente-Maison de la Recher... | [
{
"answer": "Sorbonne Library",
"question": "What is the largest university library?"
},
{
"answer": "Malesherbes, Clignancourt-Championnet, Michelet-Institut d'Art et d'Archéologie, Serpente-Maison de la Recherche, and Institut des Etudes Ibériques",
"question": "Outside of France, where are th... |
14,228 | Like the rest of France, Paris has been predominantly Roman Catholic since the early Middle Ages, though religious attendance is now low. A majority of Parisians are still nominally Roman Catholic. According to 2011 statistics, there are 106 parishes and curates in the city, plus separate parishes for Spanish, Polish a... | [
{
"answer": "Roman Catholic",
"question": "What is the most predominant religion in France?"
},
{
"answer": "106",
"question": "How many parishes and curates were there in 2011?"
},
{
"answer": "110",
"question": "How many catholic schools are in Paris?"
},
{
"answer": "75,00... |
14,229 | Almost all Protestant denominations are represented in Paris, with 74 evangelical churches from various denominations, including 21 parishes of the United Protestant Church of France and two parishes of the Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter-Day Saints. There are several important churches for the English-speaking co... | [
{
"answer": "74",
"question": "How many evangelical churches are there in Paris?"
},
{
"answer": "two",
"question": "How many parishes of the LDS church are in Paris?"
},
{
"answer": "1814",
"question": "When was the American Church in Paris founded?"
},
{
"answer": "Saint Ge... |
14,230 | During the Middle Ages, Paris was a center of Jewish learning with famous Talmudic scholars, such as Yechiel of Paris who took part in the Disputation of Paris between Christian and Jewish intellectuals. The Parisian Jewish community was victim of persecution, alternating expulsions and returns, until France became the... | [
{
"answer": "Hector Guimard",
"question": "Who built the Marais-quarter Agodudas Hakehilos Synagogue?"
},
{
"answer": "1913",
"question": "When was the Marais-quarter Agoudas Hakehilos Synagogue built?"
},
{
"answer": "1960s",
"question": "When did a large number of Sephardic Jews se... |
14,231 | The Pagode de Vincennes Buddhist temple, near Lake Daumesnil in the Bois de Vincennes, is the former Cameroon pavilion from the 1931 Paris Colonial Exposition. It hosts several different schools of Buddhism, and does not have a single leader. It shelters the biggest Buddha statue in Europe, more than nine metres high. ... | [
{
"answer": "The Pagode de Vincennes Buddhist temple",
"question": "What is the former Cameroon pavilion?"
},
{
"answer": "The Pagode de Vincennes Buddhist temple",
"question": "Where is the biggest Buddha statue in Europe?"
},
{
"answer": "1985",
"question": "When did the Hindu temp... |
14,232 | Paris' most popular sport clubs are the association football club Paris Saint-Germain F.C. and the rugby union club Stade Français. The 80,000-seat Stade de France, built for the 1998 FIFA World Cup, is located just north of Paris in the commune of Saint-Denis. It is used for football, rugby union and track and field a... | [
{
"answer": "80,000",
"question": "How many seats are in the State de France?"
},
{
"answer": "1998 FIFA World Cup",
"question": "What was the State de France built for?"
},
{
"answer": "Paris Saint-Germain F.C.",
"question": "What is the most popular football club in Paris?"
},
... |
14,233 | Paris is a major rail, highway, and air transport hub. The Syndicat des transports d'Île-de-France (STIF), formerly Syndicat des transports parisiens (STP), oversees the transit network in the region. The syndicate coordinates public transport and contracts it out to the RATP (operating 347 bus lines, the Métro, eight ... | [
{
"answer": "The Syndicat des transports d'Île-de-France",
"question": "Who oversees the transit network in Paris?"
},
{
"answer": "347",
"question": "How many bus lines does the STIF oversee?"
},
{
"answer": "Syndicat des transports parisiens",
"question": "What was the STIF formerl... |
14,234 | In addition, the Paris region is served by a light rail network of nine lines, the tramway: Line T1 runs from Asnières-Gennevilliers to Noisy-le-Sec, line T2 runs from Pont de Bezons to Porte de Versailles, line T3a runs from Pont du Garigliano to Porte de Vincennes, line T3b runs from Porte de Vincennes to Porte de la... | [
{
"answer": "Asnières-Gennevilliers to Noisy-le-Sec",
"question": "Where does line T1 run from?"
},
{
"answer": "Pont de Bezons to Porte de Versailles",
"question": "Where does line T2 run?"
},
{
"answer": "nine",
"question": "How many lines are in the rail network?"
},
{
"an... |
14,235 | Paris is a major international air transport hub with the 4th busiest airport system in the world. The city is served by three commercial international airports: Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Paris-Orly and Beauvais-Tillé. Together these three airports recorded traffic of 96.5 million passengers in 2014. There is also one g... | [
{
"answer": "Paris",
"question": "Where is the 4th busiest international air transport hub in the world?"
},
{
"answer": "96.5 million",
"question": "How many passengers did Paris see in 2014?"
},
{
"answer": "Paris-Le Bourget",
"question": "What is the oldest air port in Paris?"
}... |
14,236 | Orly Airport, located in the southern suburbs of Paris, replaced Le Bourget as the principal airport of Paris from the 1950s to the 1980s. Charles de Gaulle Airport, located on the edge of the northern suburbs of Paris, opened to commercial traffic in 1974 and became the busiest Parisian airport in 1993. Today it is th... | [
{
"answer": "Beauvais-Tillé Airport",
"question": "What airport does Ryanair use?"
},
{
"answer": "Charles de Gaulle Airport",
"question": "Where is the hub for Air France?"
},
{
"answer": "Charles de Gaulle Airport",
"question": "What is the busiest airport in Paris?"
},
{
"... |
14,237 | Paris in its early history had only the Seine and Bièvre rivers for water. From 1809, the Canal de l'Ourcq provided Paris with water from less-polluted rivers to the north-east of the capital. From 1857, the civil engineer Eugène Belgrand, under Napoleon III, oversaw the construction of a series of new aqueducts that b... | [
{
"answer": "1809",
"question": "WHen did the Canal de l'Ourcq start providing Paris with water?"
},
{
"answer": "Napoleon III",
"question": "Who was Eugene Belgrand under?"
},
{
"answer": "2,400",
"question": "How many km of underground passageways are dedicated to teh evacuationof ... |
14,238 | Paris today has more than 421 municipal parks and gardens, covering more than 3,000 hectares and containing more than 250,000 trees. Two of Paris' oldest and most famous gardens are the Tuileries Garden, created in 1564 for the Tuileries Palace, and redone by André Le Nôtre between 1664 and 1672, and the Luxembourg Gar... | [
{
"answer": "421",
"question": "How many municipal parks and gardens does Paris have?"
},
{
"answer": "1564",
"question": "When was the Tuileries Garden created?"
},
{
"answer": "André Le Nôtre",
"question": "Who redid the Tuileries Garden in 1664?"
},
{
"answer": "Marie de' ... |
14,239 | Between 1853 and 1870, the Emperor Napoleon III and the city's first director of parks and gardens, Jean-Charles Alphand, created the Bois de Boulogne, the Bois de Vincennes, Parc Montsouris and the Parc des Buttes-Chaumont, located at the four points of the compass around the city, as well as many smaller parks, squar... | [
{
"answer": "Jean-Charles Alphand",
"question": "Who was Paris' first director of parks and gardens?"
},
{
"answer": "166",
"question": "How many new parks have been created in Paris since 1977?"
},
{
"answer": "1987",
"question": "WHen was the Parc de la Villette created?"
},
{
... |
14,240 | In Paris' Roman era, its main cemetery was located to the outskirts of the Left Bank settlement, but this changed with the rise of Catholicism, where most every inner-city church had adjoining burial grounds for use by their parishes. With Paris' growth many of these, particularly the city's largest cemetery, les Innoc... | [
{
"answer": "les Innocents",
"question": "What is Paris' largest cemetary?"
},
{
"answer": "1786",
"question": "When were inner city burials banned?"
},
{
"answer": "1786 and 1814",
"question": "During what years were the bones moved from Cimetiere des Innocents to the catacombs?"
... |
14,241 | After a tentative creation of several smaller suburban cemeteries, the Prefect Nicholas Frochot under Napoleon Bonaparte provided a more definitive solution in the creation of three massive Parisian cemeteries outside the city limits. Open from 1804, these were the cemeteries of Père Lachaise, Montmartre, Montparnasse,... | [
{
"answer": "Napoleon Bonaparte",
"question": "Who was Prefect Nicholas Frochot under?"
},
{
"answer": "1804",
"question": "When were the 3 new cemeteries open?"
},
{
"answer": "Cimetière parisien de Saint-Ouen",
"question": "What is the largest of the cemeteries created in the 20th ... |
14,242 | Health care and emergency medical service in the city of Paris and its suburbs are provided by the Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), a public hospital system that employs more than 90,000 people (including practitioners, support personnel, and administrators) in 44 hospitals. It is the largest hospital s... | [
{
"answer": "90,000",
"question": "How many people are employed at AP-HP?"
},
{
"answer": "44",
"question": "How many hospitals are in Paris?"
},
{
"answer": "5.8 million",
"question": "How many patients visit the hospitals annually?"
},
{
"answer": "Assistance publique - Hôp... |
14,243 | Paris and its close suburbs is home to numerous newspapers, magazines and publications including Le Monde, Le Figaro, Libération, Le Nouvel Observateur, Le Canard enchaîné, La Croix, Pariscope, Le Parisien (in Saint-Ouen), Les Échos, Paris Match (Neuilly-sur-Seine), Réseaux & Télécoms, Reuters France, and L'Officiel de... | [
{
"answer": "Le Monde and Le Figaro",
"question": "What are France's two most prestigious newspapers?"
},
{
"answer": "Agence",
"question": "What is France's oldest operating news agency?"
},
{
"answer": "1835",
"question": "When did Agence open in Paris?"
},
{
"answer": "Fra... |
14,244 | The most-viewed network in France, TF1, is in nearby Boulogne-Billancourt; France 2, France 3, Canal+, France 5, M6 (Neuilly-sur-Seine), Arte, D8, W9, NT1, NRJ 12, La Chaîne parlementaire, France 4, BFM TV, and Gulli are other stations located in and around the capital. Radio France, France's public radio broadcaster, ... | [
{
"answer": "TF1",
"question": "What is the most viewed television network in France?"
},
{
"answer": "Boulogne-Billancourt",
"question": "Where is TF1 located?"
},
{
"answer": "Radio France",
"question": "What is France's public radio broadcaster?"
},
{
"answer": "La Poste",... |
14,245 | Apollo (Attic, Ionic, and Homeric Greek: Ἀπόλλων, Apollōn (GEN Ἀπόλλωνος); Doric: Ἀπέλλων, Apellōn; Arcadocypriot: Ἀπείλων, Apeilōn; Aeolic: Ἄπλουν, Aploun; Latin: Apollō) is one of the most important and complex of the Olympian deities in classical Greek and Roman religion and Greek and Roman mythology. The ideal of t... | [
{
"answer": "kouros",
"question": "What is the word for a beardless, athletic youth?"
},
{
"answer": "Apollo",
"question": "What is one of the most important and complex of the Olympian deities in classical Greek and Roman religion?"
},
{
"answer": "Zeus and Leto",
"question": "Who a... |
14,246 | As the patron of Delphi (Pythian Apollo), Apollo was an oracular god—the prophetic deity of the Delphic Oracle. Medicine and healing are associated with Apollo, whether through the god himself or mediated through his son Asclepius, yet Apollo was also seen as a god who could bring ill-health and deadly plague. Amongst ... | [
{
"answer": "Apollo",
"question": "Who was described at the prophetic deity of the Delphic Oracle?"
},
{
"answer": "Asclepius",
"question": "What is the name of Apollo's son?"
},
{
"answer": "Hermes",
"question": "Who created the lyre for Apollo?"
},
{
"answer": "paeans",
... |
14,247 | In Hellenistic times, especially during the 3rd century BCE, as Apollo Helios he became identified among Greeks with Helios, Titan god of the sun, and his sister Artemis similarly equated with Selene, Titan goddess of the moon. In Latin texts, on the other hand, Joseph Fontenrose declared himself unable to find any con... | [
{
"answer": "Selene",
"question": "Who was the Titan goddess of the moon?"
},
{
"answer": "Helios",
"question": "In Hellenestic times, Greeks identified Apollo Helios as what name?"
},
{
"answer": "Artemis",
"question": "What was the name of Apollo's sister?"
}
] |
14,250 | A number of non-Greek etymologies have been suggested for the name, The Hittite form Apaliunas (dx-ap-pa-li-u-na-aš) is attested in the Manapa-Tarhunta letter, perhaps related to Hurrian (and certainly the Etruscan) Aplu, a god of plague, in turn likely from Akkadian Aplu Enlil meaning simply "the son of Enlil", a titl... | [
{
"answer": "Aplu",
"question": "Who is a god of plague?"
},
{
"answer": "the son of Enlil",
"question": "What is the meaning of Akkadia Apllu Enlil?"
},
{
"answer": "Akkadian Aplu Enlil",
"question": "What title was given to the god Nergal?"
},
{
"answer": "Chryses",
"qu... |
14,257 | The cult centers of Apollo in Greece, Delphi and Delos, date from the 8th century BCE. The Delos sanctuary was primarily dedicated to Artemis, Apollo's twin sister. At Delphi, Apollo was venerated as the slayer of Pytho. For the Greeks, Apollo was all the Gods in one and through the centuries he acquired different func... | [
{
"answer": "Artemis",
"question": "Who was Apollo's twin sister?"
},
{
"answer": "Artemis",
"question": "To whom was the Delos sanctuary dedicated?"
},
{
"answer": "Walter Burkert",
"question": "Who discerned three components in the prehistory of Apollo worship?"
}
] |
14,258 | From his eastern origin Apollo brought the art of inspection of "symbols and omina" (σημεία και τέρατα : semeia kai terata), and of the observation of the omens of the days. The inspiration oracular-cult was probably introduced from Anatolia. The ritualism belonged to Apollo from the beginning. The Greeks created the l... | [
{
"answer": "Apollo",
"question": "Who brought the art of inspection of \"symbols and omina?\""
},
{
"answer": "Anatolia",
"question": "The inspiration oracular-cult was probably introduced from where?"
},
{
"answer": "The Greeks",
"question": "Which group created the legalism, the s... |
14,259 | The function of Apollo as a "healer" is connected with Paean (Παιών-Παιήων), the physician of the Gods in the Iliad, who seems to come from a more primitive religion. Paeοn is probably connected with the Mycenean pa-ja-wo-ne (Linear B: 𐀞𐀊𐀍𐀚), but this is not certain. He did not have a separate cult, but he was the ... | [
{
"answer": "seer-doctors",
"question": "What were magicians also called?"
},
{
"answer": "Paean",
"question": "Who is the physician of the Gods in the Iliad?"
}
] |
14,260 | Some common epithets of Apollo as a healer are "paion" (παιών, literally "healer" or "helper") "epikourios" (ἐπικουρώ, "help"), "oulios" (οὐλή, "healed wound", also a "scar" ) and "loimios" (λοιμός, "plague"). In classical times, his strong function in popular religion was to keep away evil, and was therefore called "a... | [
{
"answer": "paion",
"question": "What is a comon epithet of Apollo as a healer?"
},
{
"answer": "keep away evil,",
"question": "In classical times, what was Apollo's strong function in popular religion?"
},
{
"answer": "alexikakos",
"question": "What is a word for \"defent from evil... |
14,261 | Homer illustrated Paeon the god, and the song both of apotropaic thanksgiving or triumph.[citation needed] Such songs were originally addressed to Apollo, and afterwards to other gods: to Dionysus, to Apollo Helios, to Apollo's son Asclepius the healer. About the 4th century BCE, the paean became merely a formula of ad... | [
{
"answer": "Asclepius",
"question": "Who was Apollo's son?"
},
{
"answer": "paean",
"question": "About the 4th Century BCE, what became merely a formula of adulation?"
},
{
"answer": "to implore protection against disease and misfortune",
"question": "About the 4th Century BCE, what... |
14,262 | The connection with Dorians and their initiation festival apellai[clarification needed] is reinforced by the month Apellaios in northwest Greek calendars, but it can explain only the Doric type of the name, which is connected with the Ancient Macedonian word "pella" (Pella), stone. Stones played an important part in th... | [
{
"answer": "stone",
"question": "What does the word Pella mean?"
},
{
"answer": "Homeric hymn",
"question": "What represents Apollo as a Northern intruder?"
},
{
"answer": "Stones",
"question": "What played an important part in the cult of the god?"
}
] |
14,263 | The earth deity had power over the ghostly world, and it is believed that she was the deity behind the oracle. The older tales mentioned two dragons who were perhaps intentionally conflated. A female dragon named Delphyne (δελφύς, "womb"), who is obviously connected with Delphi and Apollo Delphinios, and a male serpent... | [
{
"answer": "Typhon",
"question": "Who was the adversary of Zeus in the titanomachy?"
},
{
"answer": "Typhon",
"question": "Who did the narrator confuse with Phyton?"
},
{
"answer": "Python",
"question": "Who was represented as a dragon?"
}
] |
14,264 | Apollo and his sister Artemis can bring death with their arrows. The conception that diseases and death come from invisible shots sent by supernatural beings, or magicians is common in Germanic and Norse mythology. In Greek mythology Artemis was the leader (ἡγεμών, "hegemon") of the nymphs, who had similar functions wi... | [
{
"answer": "Artemis",
"question": "Who is Apollo's sister?"
},
{
"answer": "Artemis",
"question": "It was believed that this woman could bring death with her arrows."
},
{
"answer": "Artemis",
"question": "In Greek mythology, who was the leader of the nymphs?"
}
] |
14,265 | It seems an oracular cult existed in Delphi from the Mycenaean ages. In historical times, the priests of Delphi were called Labryaden, "the double-axe men", which indicates Minoan origin. The double-axe, labrys, was the holy symbol of the Cretan labyrinth. The Homeric hymn adds that Apollo appeared as a dolphin and car... | [
{
"answer": "Labryaden",
"question": "What was the name for \"the double-axe men?\""
},
{
"answer": "labrys",
"question": "What is another name for the double-axe?"
},
{
"answer": "Britomartis",
"question": "Who was the Minoan \"Mistres of the animals?\""
},
{
"answer": "Arte... |
14,266 | The old oracles in Delphi seem to be connected with a local tradition of the priesthood, and there is not clear evidence that a kind of inspiration-prophecy existed in the temple. This led some scholars to the conclusion that Pythia carried on the rituals in a consistent procedure through many centuries, according to t... | [
{
"answer": "Pythia",
"question": "Who did scholars beieve carried on the rituals in a consistent procedure?"
},
{
"answer": "Sibyl",
"question": "Who is a mythical seeress of Anatoian origin?"
},
{
"answer": "existence of vapours and chewing of laurel-leaves",
"question": "What Gree... |
14,267 | Plato describes the priestesses of Delphi and Dodona as frenzied women, obsessed by "mania" (μανία, "frenzy"), a Greek word he connected with mantis (μάντις, "prophet"). Frenzied women like Sibyls from whose lips the god speaks are recorded in the Near East as Mari in the second millennium BC. Although Crete had contac... | [
{
"answer": "Plato",
"question": "Who describes Delphi and Dodona as frenzied women?"
},
{
"answer": "Delphi and Dodona",
"question": "What two women were said to be obsessed by \"mania?\""
},
{
"answer": "mania",
"question": "What Greek word is connected with mantis?"
}
] |
14,268 | A non-Greek origin of Apollo has long been assumed in scholarship. The name of Apollo's mother Leto has Lydian origin, and she was worshipped on the coasts of Asia Minor. The inspiration oracular cult was probably introduced into Greece from Anatolia, which is the origin of Sibyl, and where existed some of the oldest o... | [
{
"answer": "Leto",
"question": "Who was Apollo's mother?"
},
{
"answer": "Lydian",
"question": "What origin was Leto?"
},
{
"answer": "Asia Minor",
"question": "Where was Leto worshipped?"
},
{
"answer": "Anatolia",
"question": "What is the origin of Sibyl?"
}
] |
14,269 | A similar story is mentioned by Plutarch. He writes that the Cretan seer Epimenides purified Athens after the pollution brought by the Alcmeonidae, and that the seer's expertise in sacrifices and reform of funeral practices were of great help to Solon in his reform of the Athenian state. The story indicates that Epimen... | [
{
"answer": "Epimenides",
"question": "Who is the Cretan seer that purified Athen after the pollution brought by the Alcmeonidae?"
},
{
"answer": "Plutarch",
"question": "Who told the story of the Cretan seer Epimenides?"
},
{
"answer": "Epimenides",
"question": "What group was proba... |
14,270 | Homer pictures Apollo on the side of the Trojans, fighting against the Achaeans, during the Trojan War. He is pictured as a terrible god, less trusted by the Greeks than other gods. The god seems to be related to Appaliunas, a tutelary god of Wilusa (Troy) in Asia Minor, but the word is not complete. The stones found i... | [
{
"answer": "Appaliunas",
"question": "Who was a tutelary god of Wilusa?"
},
{
"answer": "at the full moon",
"question": "When were Greek festivals celebrated?"
},
{
"answer": "seventh day of the month",
"question": "When were the feasts of Apollo celebrated?"
}
] |
14,271 | The Late Bronze Age (from 1700 to 1200 BCE) Hittite and Hurrian Aplu was a god of plague, invoked during plague years. Here we have an apotropaic situation, where a god originally bringing the plague was invoked to end it. Aplu, meaning the son of, was a title given to the god Nergal, who was linked to the Babylonian g... | [
{
"answer": "The Late Bronze Age",
"question": "What age ran from 1700 to 1200 BCE?"
},
{
"answer": "Hittite and Hurrian Aplu",
"question": "Who was a god of plague?"
},
{
"answer": "Apollo Smintheus",
"question": "Who is the mouse God?"
},
{
"answer": "Aplu",
"question":... |
14,272 | Unusually among the Olympic deities, Apollo had two cult sites that had widespread influence: Delos and Delphi. In cult practice, Delian Apollo and Pythian Apollo (the Apollo of Delphi) were so distinct that they might both have shrines in the same locality. Apollo's cult was already fully established when written sour... | [
{
"answer": "Delos and Delphi",
"question": "which two cult sites had widespread infuence?"
},
{
"answer": "Julian the Apostate",
"question": "Who tried to revive the Delphic oracle?"
},
{
"answer": "theological oracles",
"question": "In what did Apollo confirm that all deities are a... |
14,273 | A lot of temples dedicated to Apollo were built in Greece and in the Greek colonies, and they show the spread of the cult of Apollo, and the evolution of the Greek architecture, which was mostly based on the rightness of form, and on mathematical relations. Some of the earliest temples, especially in Crete, don't belon... | [
{
"answer": "peripteral temples",
"question": "What buildings were originally rectangle wood structures?"
},
{
"answer": "in order to keep the original forms",
"question": "Why did mathematical relations become necessary?"
},
{
"answer": "to hold the roof",
"question": "Why were the ... |
14,274 | It is also stated that Hera kidnapped Eileithyia, the goddess of childbirth, to prevent Leto from going into labor. The other gods tricked Hera into letting her go by offering her a necklace, nine yards (8 m) long, of amber. Mythographers agree that Artemis was born first and then assisted with the birth of Apollo, or ... | [
{
"answer": "Hera",
"question": "Who kidnapped Eileithyia?"
},
{
"answer": "Eileithyia",
"question": "Who was the goddess of childbirth?"
},
{
"answer": "nine yards",
"question": "How long was the necklace offered to Hera?"
},
{
"answer": "amber",
"question": "What was th... |
14,275 | Four days after his birth, Apollo killed the chthonic dragon Python, which lived in Delphi beside the Castalian Spring. This was the spring which emitted vapors that caused the oracle at Delphi to give her prophecies. Hera sent the serpent to hunt Leto to her death across the world. To protect his mother, Apollo begged... | [
{
"answer": "Python",
"question": "What was the name of the chthonic dragon?"
},
{
"answer": "Castalian Spring",
"question": "which spring emitted vapors that caused the oracle at Delphi to give her prophecies?"
},
{
"answer": "Leto",
"question": "Who was Apollo's mother?"
},
{
... |
14,276 | When Zeus struck down Apollo's son Asclepius with a lightning bolt for resurrecting Hippolytus from the dead (transgressing Themis by stealing Hades's subjects), Apollo in revenge killed the Cyclopes, who had fashioned the bolt for Zeus. Apollo would have been banished to Tartarus forever for this, but was instead sent... | [
{
"answer": "Asclepius",
"question": "Who is Apollo's son?"
},
{
"answer": "for resurrecting Hippolytus from the dead",
"question": "Why did Zeus strike down Asclepius with a lightning bolt?"
},
{
"answer": "one year of hard labor",
"question": "How long was Apollo sentenced for kill... |
14,277 | Daphne was a nymph, daughter of the river god Peneus, who had scorned Apollo. The myth explains the connection of Apollo with δάφνη (daphnē), the laurel whose leaves his priestess employed at Delphi. In Ovid's Metamorphoses, Phoebus Apollo chaffs Cupid for toying with a weapon more suited to a man, whereupon Cupid woun... | [
{
"answer": "Daphne",
"question": "Who was the daughter of Peneus?"
},
{
"answer": "Peneus",
"question": "Who is Daphne's father?"
},
{
"answer": "Cupid",
"question": "Who shot Daphne with a leaden arrow?"
}
] |
14,278 | Leucothea was daughter of Orchamus and sister of Clytia. She fell in love with Apollo who disguised himself as Leucothea's mother to gain entrance to her chambers. Clytia, jealous of her sister because she wanted Apollo for herself, told Orchamus the truth, betraying her sister's trust and confidence in her. Enraged, O... | [
{
"answer": "Orchamus",
"question": "Who was Leucothea's mother?"
},
{
"answer": "Clytia",
"question": "Who is Leucothea's sister?"
},
{
"answer": "Leucothea",
"question": "Who did Leucothea fall in love with?"
},
{
"answer": "Orchamus",
"question": "Who ordered Leucothea... |
14,279 | Coronis, was daughter of Phlegyas, King of the Lapiths. Pregnant with Asclepius, Coronis fell in love with Ischys, son of Elatus. A crow informed Apollo of the affair. When first informed he disbelieved the crow and turned all crows black (where they were previously white) as a punishment for spreading untruths. When h... | [
{
"answer": "Coronis",
"question": "Who was the daughter of Phlegyas?"
},
{
"answer": "Phlegyas",
"question": "Who owas King of the Lapiths?"
},
{
"answer": "A crow",
"question": "How was Apollo informed of the affair between Coronis and Ischys?"
},
{
"answer": "Ischys",
... |
14,280 | Hyacinth or Hyacinthus was one of Apollo's male lovers. He was a Spartan prince, beautiful and athletic. The pair was practicing throwing the discus when a discus thrown by Apollo was blown off course by the jealous Zephyrus and struck Hyacinthus in the head, killing him instantly. Apollo is said to be filled with grie... | [
{
"answer": "Hyacinthus",
"question": "Who was one of Apollo's male lovers?"
},
{
"answer": "discus",
"question": "What hit Hyacinthus in the head, killing him?"
},
{
"answer": "Zephyrus",
"question": "Who blew the discus off course, killing Hyacinthus?"
},
{
"answer": "flowe... |
14,281 | Apollo and the Furies argue about whether the matricide was justified; Apollo holds that the bond of marriage is sacred and Orestes was avenging his father, whereas the Erinyes say that the bond of blood between mother and son is more meaningful than the bond of marriage. They invade his temple, and he says that the ma... | [
{
"answer": "Apollo and the Furies",
"question": "Who argued about whether the matricide was justified?"
},
{
"answer": "Erinyes",
"question": "Who says the bond of blood between mother and son is more meaningfu than the bond of marriage?"
},
{
"answer": "Apollo",
"question": "Who ho... |
14,282 | Once Pan had the audacity to compare his music with that of Apollo, and to challenge Apollo, the god of the kithara, to a trial of skill. Tmolus, the mountain-god, was chosen to umpire. Pan blew on his pipes, and with his rustic melody gave great satisfaction to himself and his faithful follower, Midas, who happened to... | [
{
"answer": "Pan",
"question": "Who challenged Apollo to a trial of skill?"
},
{
"answer": "Midas",
"question": "Who was a faithful follower of Pan?"
},
{
"answer": "Tmolus",
"question": "Who was the mountain-god?"
},
{
"answer": "Tmolus",
"question": "Who was chosen as u... |
14,283 | After they each performed, both were deemed equal until Apollo decreed they play and sing at the same time. As Apollo played the lyre, this was easy to do. Marsyas could not do this, as he only knew how to use the flute and could not sing at the same time. Apollo was declared the winner because of this. Apollo flayed M... | [
{
"answer": "lyre",
"question": "What instrument did Apolo play?"
},
{
"answer": "flute",
"question": "What instrument did Marsyas know how to play?"
},
{
"answer": "Marsyas",
"question": "Who could not sing at the same time he played the flute?"
},
{
"answer": "Marsyas' bloo... |
14,284 | On the occasion of a pestilence in the 430s BCE, Apollo's first temple at Rome was established in the Flaminian fields, replacing an older cult site there known as the "Apollinare". During the Second Punic War in 212 BCE, the Ludi Apollinares ("Apollonian Games") were instituted in his honor, on the instructions of a p... | [
{
"answer": "Flaminian fields",
"question": "Where was Apollo's first temple at Rome established?"
},
{
"answer": "212 BCE",
"question": "When was the Second Punic war?"
},
{
"answer": "Apollonian Games",
"question": "What is another name for the Ludi Apollinares?"
}
] |
14,285 | As god of colonization, Apollo gave oracular guidance on colonies, especially during the height of colonization, 750–550 BCE. According to Greek tradition, he helped Cretan or Arcadian colonists found the city of Troy. However, this story may reflect a cultural influence which had the reverse direction: Hittite cuneifo... | [
{
"answer": "Apollo",
"question": "Who was god of colonization?"
},
{
"answer": "750–550 BCE",
"question": "When was the height of colonization?"
},
{
"answer": "born in Lycia",
"question": "What does Lykegenes mean?"
}
] |
14,286 | In literary contexts, Apollo represents harmony, order, and reason—characteristics contrasted with those of Dionysus, god of wine, who represents ecstasy and disorder. The contrast between the roles of these gods is reflected in the adjectives Apollonian and Dionysian. However, the Greeks thought of the two qualities a... | [
{
"answer": "Dionysus",
"question": "Who was the god of wine?"
},
{
"answer": "Apollo",
"question": "In literary contexts, who represents harmony, order and reason?"
},
{
"answer": "Hyperborea",
"question": "Where did Apollo go in winter?"
}
] |
14,287 | The evolution of the Greek sculpture can be observed in his depictions from the almost static formal Kouros type in early archaic period, to the representation of motion in a relative harmonious whole in late archaic period. In classical Greece the emphasis is not given to the illusive imaginative reality represented b... | [
{
"answer": "Praxiteles",
"question": "Whose masterpieces are a mixture of naturallism with stylization?"
},
{
"answer": "Praxiteles",
"question": "In whose depictions can the evolution of Greek sculpture be observed?"
},
{
"answer": "Praxiteles",
"question": "Who seems to be release... |
14,288 | In classical Greece, Anaxagoras asserted that a divine reason (mind) gave order to the seeds of the universe, and Plato extended the Greek belief of ideal forms to his metaphysical theory of forms (ideai, "ideas"). The forms on earth are imperfect duplicates of the intellectual celestial ideas. The Greek words oida (οἶ... | [
{
"answer": "Anaxagoras",
"question": "Who asserted that a divine reason gave order to the seeds of the universe?"
},
{
"answer": "Plato",
"question": "Who extended the Greek beilef of idea forms to his metaphysical theory of forms?"
},
{
"answer": "eidos",
"question": "What is one G... |
14,290 | In the first large-scale depictions during the early archaic period (640–580 BC), the artists tried to draw one's attention to look into the interior of the face and the body which were not represented as lifeless masses, but as being full of life. The Greeks maintained, until late in their civilization, an almost anim... | [
{
"answer": "early archaic period",
"question": "The period between 640-580 BC was known as what?"
},
{
"answer": "Daedalus",
"question": "What was the name of the Dipylon master?"
},
{
"answer": "Daedalus",
"question": "Who created the New York kouros?"
}
] |
14,291 | The animistic idea as the representation of the imaginative reality, is sanctified in the Homeric poems and in Greek myths, in stories of the god Hephaestus (Phaistos) and the mythic Daedalus (the builder of the labyrinth) that made images which moved of their own accord. This kind of art goes back to the Minoan period... | [
{
"answer": "Daedalus",
"question": "Who is said to be the builder of the labyrinth?"
},
{
"answer": "Minoan period",
"question": "During what period was art's main theme the representation of motion in a specific movement?"
},
{
"answer": "marble",
"question": "These free-standing s... |
14,294 | Though the proportions were always important in Greek art, the appeal of the Greek sculptures eludes any explanation by proportion alone. The statues of Apollo were thought to incarnate his living presence, and these representations of illusive imaginative reality had deep roots in the Minoan period, and in the beliefs... | [
{
"answer": "Apollo",
"question": "The statues of who were thought to incarnate his living presence?"
},
{
"answer": "Minoan",
"question": "Representations of illusive imaginative reality had deep roots in what period?"
},
{
"answer": "Greeks",
"question": "What people saw the mounta... |
14,295 | These representations rely on presenting scenes directly to the eye for their own visible sake. They care for the schematic arrangements of bodies in space, but only as parts in a larger whole. While each scene has its own character and completeness it must fit into the general sequence to which it belongs. In these ar... | [
{
"answer": "The artists",
"question": "Who seemed to have been dominated by geometrical pattern and order?"
},
{
"answer": "These representations",
"question": "What rely on presenting scenes directly to the eye for their own visibe sake?"
},
{
"answer": "the general sequence to which i... |
14,296 | Apollo as a handsome beardless young man, is often depicted with a kithara (as Apollo Citharoedus) or bow in his hand, or reclining on a tree (the Apollo Lykeios and Apollo Sauroctonos types). The Apollo Belvedere is a marble sculpture that was rediscovered in the late 15th century; for centuries it epitomized the idea... | [
{
"answer": "Apollo",
"question": "Who is often depicted with a kithara or bow in his hand?"
},
{
"answer": "The Apollo Belvedere",
"question": "What is the name of a marble sculpture that was rediscovered in the late 15th century?"
},
{
"answer": "Leochares",
"question": "Who made t... |
14,297 | Bush's margin of victory in the popular vote was the smallest ever for a reelected incumbent president, but marked the first time since his father's victory 16 years prior that a candidate won a majority of the popular vote. The electoral map closely resembled that of 2000, with only three states changing sides: New Me... | [
{
"answer": "three",
"question": "How many States renounced their preferred political party?"
},
{
"answer": "New Hampshire",
"question": "Which state switched sides and embraced the Democratic party after previously choosing the Republican party?"
},
{
"answer": "252",
"question": "... |
14,298 | Just eight months into his presidency, the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 suddenly transformed Bush into a wartime president. Bush's approval ratings surged to near 90%. Within a month, the forces of a coalition led by the United States entered Afghanistan, which had been sheltering Osama bin Laden, suspected ... | [
{
"answer": "terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001",
"question": "What even occured during Bush's presidency that made him become a wartime president?"
},
{
"answer": "eight months",
"question": "How long into Bush's presidency did tragedy occur on American soil?"
},
{
"answer": "surge... |
14,300 | On March 10, 2004, Bush officially clinched the number of delegates needed to be nominated at the 2004 Republican National Convention in New York City. Bush accepted the nomination on September 2, 2004, and selected Vice President Dick Cheney as his running mate. (In New York, the ticket was also on the ballot as candi... | [
{
"answer": "March 10, 2004",
"question": "By what date did Bush obtain the number of votes required to become the 2004 Republican nominee?"
},
{
"answer": "September 2, 2004",
"question": "When did Bush accept the Republican nomination?"
},
{
"answer": "Dick Cheney",
"question": "Wh... |
14,301 | By summer of 2003, Howard Dean had become the apparent front runner for the Democratic nomination, performing strongly in most polls and leading the pack with the largest campaign war chest. Dean's strength as a fund raiser was attributed mainly to his embrace of the Internet for campaigning. The majority of his donati... | [
{
"answer": "Howard Dean",
"question": "Who became the Democratic nominee, half way through 2003?"
},
{
"answer": "a fund raiser",
"question": "Dean's admiration for internet campaigning accredited his strength as what?"
},
{
"answer": "Deaniacs",
"question": "What did Dean's backers... |
14,302 | In September 2003, retired four-star general Wesley Clark announced his intention to run in the presidential primary election for the Democratic Party nomination. His campaign focused on themes of leadership and patriotism; early campaign ads relied heavily on biography. His late start left him with relatively few deta... | [
{
"answer": "Wesley Clark",
"question": "Which Democratic nominee declared his intention to enter into the presidential race, in the fall of 2003?"
},
{
"answer": "biography",
"question": "What did Wesley Clark's initial campaign ads depend upon?"
},
{
"answer": "leadership and patriotis... |
14,303 | In sheer numbers, Kerry had fewer endorsements than Howard Dean, who was far ahead in the superdelegate race going into the Iowa caucuses in January 2004, although Kerry led the endorsement race in Iowa, New Hampshire, Arizona, South Carolina, New Mexico and Nevada. Kerry's main perceived weakness was in his neighborin... | [
{
"answer": "Kerry",
"question": "Who had the least amount of backers, between Kerry and Dean?"
},
{
"answer": "New Hampshire",
"question": "Which state was expected to show the least amount of support for Kerry going into the caucuses, before Iowa?"
},
{
"answer": "he fired campaign man... |
14,304 | In the race for individual contributions, economist Lyndon LaRouche dominated the pack leading up to the primaries. According to the Federal Election Commission statistics, LaRouche had more individual contributors to his 2004 presidential campaign than any other candidate, until the final quarter of the primary season... | [
{
"answer": "Lyndon LaRouche",
"question": "Who, at the start of the primaries, had the most single campaign contributors?"
},
{
"answer": "John Kerry",
"question": "Who had the highest amount of single campaign contributors, at the final quarter of the primaries?"
},
{
"answer": "Gephar... |
14,305 | By the January 2004 Iowa caucuses, the field had dwindled down to nine candidates, as Bob Graham had dropped out of the race. Howard Dean was a strong front-runner. However, the Iowa caucuses yielded unexpectedly strong results for Democratic candidates John Kerry, who earned 38% of the state's delegates and John Edwar... | [
{
"answer": "nine",
"question": "How many candidates remained by the end of the Iowa caucuses, in January 2004?"
},
{
"answer": "John Kerry, who earned 38% of the state's delegates and John Edwards",
"question": "Which two candidates had surprising results despite Howard Dean being the strong fr... |
14,306 | The dismal results caused Gephardt to drop out and later endorse Kerry. Carol Moseley Braun also dropped out, endorsing Howard Dean. Besides the impact of coming in third, Dean was further hurt by a speech he gave at a post-caucus rally. Dean was shouting over the cheers of his enthusiastic audience, but the crowd nois... | [
{
"answer": "Gephardt",
"question": "Which candidate, after dropping out, went on to endorse Kerry?"
},
{
"answer": "Howard Dean",
"question": "Which troubled candidate did Carol Moseley Braun end up endorsing, after she dropped out?"
},
{
"answer": "whether Dean was the victim of media ... |
14,307 | The following week, John Edwards won the South Carolina primary and finished a strong second in Oklahoma to Clark. Lieberman dropped out of the campaign the following day. Kerry dominated throughout February and his support quickly snowballed as he won caucuses and primaries, taking in a string of wins in Michigan, Was... | [
{
"answer": "John Edwards",
"question": "Which candidate went on to win the South Carolina primary?"
},
{
"answer": "Clark",
"question": "Which candidate won the Oklahoma primary?"
},
{
"answer": "Lieberman",
"question": "Which candidate dropped out of the race, following losing the ... |
14,308 | In March's Super Tuesday, Kerry won decisive victories in the California, Connecticut, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New York, Ohio, and Rhode Island primaries and the Minnesota caucuses. Dean, despite having withdrawn from the race two weeks earlier, won his home state of Vermont. Edwards finished only slightly be... | [
{
"answer": "Kerry",
"question": "Which candidate was the fore-runner after definitively winning in the primaries and Minnesota caucuses?"
},
{
"answer": "Dean",
"question": "Which candidate won his state primary, despite having already dropped out of his race?"
},
{
"answer": "Edwards",... |
14,309 | On July 6, John Kerry selected John Edwards as his running mate, shortly before the 2004 Democratic National Convention in Boston, held later that month. Days before Kerry announced Edwards as his running mate, Kerry gave a short list of three candidates: Sen John Edwards, Rep Dick Gephardt, and Gov Tom Vilsack. Headin... | [
{
"answer": "John Edwards",
"question": "Who did John Kerry choose to be by his side as the potential Vice President?"
},
{
"answer": "three",
"question": "How many candidates did John Kerry name as potential prospects to be his running mate?"
},
{
"answer": "\"stronger at home and more ... |
14,310 | Bush focused his campaign on national security, presenting himself as a decisive leader and contrasted Kerry as a "flip-flopper." This strategy was designed to convey to American voters the idea that Bush could be trusted to be tough on terrorism while Kerry would be "uncertain in the face of danger." Bush (just as his... | [
{
"answer": "national security",
"question": "What was the primary focus of Bush's campaign?"
},
{
"answer": "presenting himself as a decisive leader and contrasted Kerry as a \"flip-flopper.\"",
"question": "How did Bush try to convey that he was the stronger, tougher candidate?"
},
{
"... |
14,311 | During August and September 2004, there was an intense focus on events that occurred in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Bush was accused of failing to fulfill his required service in the Texas Air National Guard. However, the focus quickly shifted to the conduct of CBS News after they aired a segment on 60 Minutes Wedn... | [
{
"answer": "Bush",
"question": "Who was accused on not fulfilling their military service, during the fall of 2004?"
},
{
"answer": "a segment on 60 Minutes",
"question": "What shifted attention away from the coverage regarding Bush's controvery regarding his required service?"
},
{
"ans... |
14,312 | The first debate was held on September 30 at the University of Miami, moderated by Jim Lehrer of PBS. During the debate, slated to focus on foreign policy, Kerry accused Bush of having failed to gain international support for the 2003 Invasion of Iraq, saying the only countries assisting the U.S. during the invasion we... | [
{
"answer": "University of Miami",
"question": "Where did the first debate, between Kerry and Bush take place?"
},
{
"answer": "Kerry",
"question": "Who was considered to have been the winner of the debate?"
},
{
"answer": "Jim Lehrer",
"question": "Who was the moderator of the first... |
14,313 | The second presidential debate was held at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, on October 8, moderated by Charles Gibson of ABC. Conducted in a town meeting format, less formal than the first presidential debate, this debate saw Bush and Kerry taking questions on a variety of subjects from a local audience. B... | [
{
"answer": "Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri",
"question": "Where was the second debate for presidency held?"
},
{
"answer": "town meeting format, less formal",
"question": "Was the second debate held in a rigid, formalistic manner?"
},
{
"answer": "taking questions on a var... |
14,314 | Bush and Kerry met for the third and final debate at Arizona State University on October 13. 51 million viewers watched the debate which was moderated by Bob Schieffer of CBS News. However, at the time of the ASU debate, there were 15.2 million viewers tuned in to watch the Major League Baseball playoffs broadcast simu... | [
{
"answer": "third",
"question": "How many debates were there in total, between Kerry and Bush?"
},
{
"answer": "Arizona State University",
"question": "Where was the final debate, between Kerry and Bush held?"
},
{
"answer": "Major League Baseball playoffs broadcast simultaneously",
... |
14,315 | One elector in Minnesota cast a ballot for president with the name of "John Ewards" [sic] written on it. The Electoral College officials certified this ballot as a vote for John Edwards for president. The remaining nine electors cast ballots for John Kerry. All ten electors in the state cast ballots for John Edwards f... | [
{
"answer": "John Edwards",
"question": "Who received a certified ballot from the Electoral College, despite his name being spelled incorrectly on the ballot?"
},
{
"answer": "This was the first time in U.S. history",
"question": "Had there ever been a time where an elector voted for the same ca... |
14,317 | At the official counting of the electoral votes on January 6, a motion was made contesting Ohio's electoral votes. Because the motion was supported by at least one member of both the House of Representatives and the Senate, election law mandated that each house retire to debate and vote on the motion. In the House of R... | [
{
"answer": "a motion was made contesting Ohio's electoral votes",
"question": "Was there any debate about the voting process in Ohio?"
},
{
"answer": "During the debate, no Senator argued that the outcome of the election should be changed by either court challenge or revote",
"question": "What ... |
14,318 | Kerry would later state that "the widespread irregularities make it impossible to know for certain that the [Ohio] outcome reflected the will of the voters." In the same article, Democratic National Committee Chairman Howard Dean said "I'm not confident that the election in Ohio was fairly decided... We know that there... | [
{
"answer": "\"the widespread irregularities make it impossible to know for certain that the [Ohio] outcome reflected the will of the voters.\"",
"question": "What did Kerry say affected the ability to know if the results of the Ohio vote was unbiased?"
},
{
"answer": "Howard Dean",
"question": ... |
14,319 | At the invitation of the United States government, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) sent a team of observers to monitor the presidential elections in 2004. It was the first time the OSCE had sent observers to a U.S. presidential election, although they had been invited in the past. In Sept... | [
{
"answer": "the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) sent a team of observers to monitor the presidential elections in 2004",
"question": "Who was called in to watch over the presidential election in 2004?"
},
{
"answer": "It was the first time the OSCE had sent observers to a... |
14,320 | The 2004 election was the first to be affected by the campaign finance reforms mandated by the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 (also known as the McCain–Feingold Bill for its sponsors in the United States Senate). Because of the Act's restrictions on candidates' and parties' fundraising, a large number of so-cal... | [
{
"answer": "the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002",
"question": "What finance act affected the 2004 election?"
},
{
"answer": "its sponsors in the United States Senate",
"question": "Where did the moniker McCain-Feingold Bill come from?"
},
{
"answer": "Named for a section of the I... |
14,321 | To distinguish official campaigning from independent campaigning, political advertisements on television were required to include a verbal disclaimer identifying the organization responsible for the advertisement. Advertisements produced by political campaigns usually included the statement, "I'm [candidate's name], an... | [
{
"answer": "required to include a verbal disclaimer identifying the organization responsible for the advertisement",
"question": "How were viewers able to determine who endorsed political campaign ads, they saw in advertisements??"
},
{
"answer": "60 days before the general election), such organiza... |
14,322 | A ballot initiative in Colorado, known as Amendment 36, would have changed the way in which the state apportions its electoral votes. Rather than assigning all 9 of the state's electors to the candidate with a plurality of popular votes, under the amendment Colorado would have assigned presidential electors proportiona... | [
{
"answer": "ballot initiative in Colorado, known as Amendment 36",
"question": "What action suggested by a state, would have affecting the outcome of the electoral votes?"
},
{
"answer": "under the amendment Colorado would have assigned presidential electors proportionally to the statewide vote cou... |
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