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"... | context-417_40_1.mp3 | context-417_40.mp3 | 22,050 | Kimberly | This includes remote controls, such as for TVs, VCRs, and LED Computers, where infrared LEDs are often used. | This includes remote controls, such as for TVs, VCRs, and LED Computers, where infrared LEDs are often used. | question-417_40_4.mp3 | 22,050 | Emma | In what common household item can you find infrared LEDs? |
573149e7e6313a140071cdce | Light-emitting_diode | Many sensor systems rely on light as the signal source. LEDs are often ideal as a light source due to the requirements of the sensors. LEDs are used as motion sensors, for example in optical computer mice. The Nintendo Wii's sensor bar uses infrared LEDs. Pulse oximeters use them for measuring oxygen saturation. Some f... | What video game console uses infrared LEDs? | {
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"... | context-417_41_3.mp3 | context-417_41.mp3 | 22,050 | Salli | The Nintendo Wii's sensor bar uses infrared LEDs. | The Nintendo Wii's sensor bar uses infrared LEDs. | question-417_41_0.mp3 | 22,050 | Amy | What video game console uses infrared LEDs? |
573149e7e6313a140071cdcf | Light-emitting_diode | Many sensor systems rely on light as the signal source. LEDs are often ideal as a light source due to the requirements of the sensors. LEDs are used as motion sensors, for example in optical computer mice. The Nintendo Wii's sensor bar uses infrared LEDs. Pulse oximeters use them for measuring oxygen saturation. Some f... | What device uses infrared LEDs to measure oxygen saturation? | {
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573149e7e6313a140071cdd0 | Light-emitting_diode | Many sensor systems rely on light as the signal source. LEDs are often ideal as a light source due to the requirements of the sensors. LEDs are used as motion sensors, for example in optical computer mice. The Nintendo Wii's sensor bar uses infrared LEDs. Pulse oximeters use them for measuring oxygen saturation. Some f... | Some flatbed scanners use what type of LED? | {
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"te... | context-417_41_5.mp3 | context-417_41.mp3 | 22,050 | Salli | Some flatbed scanners use arrays of RGB LEDs rather than the typical cold-cathode fluorescent lamp as the light source. | Some flatbed scanners use arrays of RGB LEDs rather than the typical cold-cathode fluorescent lamp as the light source. | question-417_41_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Kevin | Some flatbed scanners use what type of LED? |
573149e7e6313a140071cdd1 | Light-emitting_diode | Many sensor systems rely on light as the signal source. LEDs are often ideal as a light source due to the requirements of the sensors. LEDs are used as motion sensors, for example in optical computer mice. The Nintendo Wii's sensor bar uses infrared LEDs. Pulse oximeters use them for measuring oxygen saturation. Some f... | By using LEDs, scanners do not have to what? | {
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"te... | context-417_41_6.mp3 | context-417_41.mp3 | 22,050 | Salli | Having independent control of three illuminated colors allows the scanner to calibrate itself for more accurate color balance, and there is no need for warm-up. | Having independent control of three illuminated colors allows the scanner to calibrate itself for more accurate color balance, and there is no need for warm-up. | question-417_41_3.mp3 | 22,050 | Ivy | By using LEDs, scanners do not have to what? |
573149e7e6313a140071cdd2 | Light-emitting_diode | Many sensor systems rely on light as the signal source. LEDs are often ideal as a light source due to the requirements of the sensors. LEDs are used as motion sensors, for example in optical computer mice. The Nintendo Wii's sensor bar uses infrared LEDs. Pulse oximeters use them for measuring oxygen saturation. Some f... | Grow lights use LEDs for what process? | {
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57314ace05b4da19006bcfe2 | Light-emitting_diode | LEDs have also been used as a medium-quality voltage reference in electronic circuits. The forward voltage drop (e.g. about 1.7 V for a normal red LED) can be used instead of a Zener diode in low-voltage regulators. Red LEDs have the flattest I/V curve above the knee. Nitride-based LEDs have a fairly steep I/V curve an... | What quality has LEDs been used as? | {
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57314ace05b4da19006bcfe3 | Light-emitting_diode | LEDs have also been used as a medium-quality voltage reference in electronic circuits. The forward voltage drop (e.g. about 1.7 V for a normal red LED) can be used instead of a Zener diode in low-voltage regulators. Red LEDs have the flattest I/V curve above the knee. Nitride-based LEDs have a fairly steep I/V curve an... | What LED has the flattest I/V curve above the knee? | {
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57314ace05b4da19006bcfe4 | Light-emitting_diode | LEDs have also been used as a medium-quality voltage reference in electronic circuits. The forward voltage drop (e.g. about 1.7 V for a normal red LED) can be used instead of a Zener diode in low-voltage regulators. Red LEDs have the flattest I/V curve above the knee. Nitride-based LEDs have a fairly steep I/V curve an... | What LEDs have a very steep I/V curve? | {
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"te... | context-417_42_3.mp3 | context-417_42.mp3 | 22,050 | Kendra | Nitride-based LEDs have a fairly steep I/V curve and are useless for this purpose. | Nitride-based LEDs have a fairly steep I/V curve and are useless for this purpose. | question-417_42_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Ivy | What LEDs have a very steep I/V curve? |
57314ace05b4da19006bcfe5 | Light-emitting_diode | LEDs have also been used as a medium-quality voltage reference in electronic circuits. The forward voltage drop (e.g. about 1.7 V for a normal red LED) can be used instead of a Zener diode in low-voltage regulators. Red LEDs have the flattest I/V curve above the knee. Nitride-based LEDs have a fairly steep I/V curve an... | LED forward voltage is more current-dependent than what diode? | {
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... | context-417_42_4.mp3 | context-417_42.mp3 | 22,050 | Kendra | Although LED forward voltage is far more current-dependent than a Zener diode, Zener diodes with breakdown voltages below 3 V are not widely available. | Although LED forward voltage is far more current-dependent than a Zener diode, Zener diodes with breakdown voltages below three V are not widely available. | question-417_42_3.mp3 | 22,050 | Matthew | LED forward voltage is more current-dependent than what diode? |
57314ace05b4da19006bcfe6 | Light-emitting_diode | LEDs have also been used as a medium-quality voltage reference in electronic circuits. The forward voltage drop (e.g. about 1.7 V for a normal red LED) can be used instead of a Zener diode in low-voltage regulators. Red LEDs have the flattest I/V curve above the knee. Nitride-based LEDs have a fairly steep I/V curve an... | Zener diodes below what voltage are not widely available? | {
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5730ed42497a881900248a67 | Bird | Birds (Aves) are a group of endothermic vertebrates, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a lightweight but strong skeleton. Birds live worldwide and range in size from the 5 cm (2 in) bee hummingbird to the 2.75 m (9 ft) o... | What is a group of endothermic vertebrates characterised by feathers and toothless beaked jaws? | {
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5730ed91a5e9cc1400cdbafb | Bird | The fossil record indicates that birds are the last surviving dinosaurs, having evolved from feathered ancestors within the theropod group of saurischian dinosaurs. True birds first appeared during the Cretaceous period, around 100 million years ago. DNA-based evidence finds that birds diversified dramatically around t... | What are the last surviving dinosaurs, according o the fossil record? | {
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5730ee0ce6313a140071cac0 | Bird | Birds have wings which are more or less developed depending on the species; the only known groups without wings are the extinct moas and elephant birds. Wings, which evolved from forelimbs, give most birds the ability to fly, although further speciation has led to some flightless birds, including ratites, penguins, and... | What makes birds uniquely adapted for flight? | {
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5730f10ae6313a140071cad0 | Bird | Aves and a sister group, the clade Crocodilia, contain the only living representatives of the reptile clade Archosauria. During the late 1990s, Aves was most commonly defined phylogenetically as all descendants of the most recent common ancestor of modern birds and Archaeopteryx lithographica. However, an earlier defin... | Besides Aves, what group contains the only living representatives of the reptile clade Archosauria? | {
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57310b9a05b4da19006bcd1c | Bird | Based on fossil and biological evidence, most scientists accept that birds are a specialized subgroup of theropod dinosaurs, and more specifically, they are members of Maniraptora, a group of theropods which includes dromaeosaurs and oviraptorids, among others. As scientists have discovered more theropods closely relat... | What evidence leads most scientists to accept that birds are a specialized subgroup of theropod dinosaurs? | {
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5731123fe6313a140071cbea | Bird | The consensus view in contemporary paleontology is that the flying theropods, or avialans, are the closest relatives of the deinonychosaurs, which include dromaeosaurids and troodontids. Together, these form a group called Paraves. Some basal members of this group, such as Microraptor, have features which may have enab... | What are the closest relatives of the deinonychosaurs? | {
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5731123fe6313a140071cbec | Bird | The consensus view in contemporary paleontology is that the flying theropods, or avialans, are the closest relatives of the deinonychosaurs, which include dromaeosaurids and troodontids. Together, these form a group called Paraves. Some basal members of this group, such as Microraptor, have features which may have enab... | Dromaeosaurids and troodontids are members of what group? | {
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573113b905b4da19006bcd4e | Bird | The earliest known avialan fossils come from the Tiaojishan Formation of China, which has been dated to the late Jurassic period (Oxfordian stage), about 160 million years ago. The avialan species from this time period include Anchiornis huxleyi, Xiaotingia zhengi, and Aurornis xui. The well-known early avialan, Archae... | The Oxfordian stage is also known as what? | {
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57311531e6313a140071cc08 | Bird | Avialans diversified into a wide variety of forms during the Cretaceous Period. Many groups retained primitive characteristics, such as clawed wings and teeth, though the latter were lost independently in a number of avialan groups, including modern birds (Aves). While the earliest forms, such as Archaeopteryx and Jeho... | During which time period did avialans diversify into a wide variety of forms? | {
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"Cretaceous Peri... | context-418_10_0.mp3 | context-418_10.mp3 | 22,050 | Emma | Avialans diversified into a wide variety of forms during the Cretaceous Period. | Avialans diversified into a wide variety of forms during the Cretaceous Period. | question-418_10_0.mp3 | 22,050 | Kimberly | During which time period did avialans diversify into a wide variety of forms? |
57311531e6313a140071cc09 | Bird | Avialans diversified into a wide variety of forms during the Cretaceous Period. Many groups retained primitive characteristics, such as clawed wings and teeth, though the latter were lost independently in a number of avialan groups, including modern birds (Aves). While the earliest forms, such as Archaeopteryx and Jeho... | Which forms retained the long bony tails of their ancestors? | {
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573115ade6313a140071cc10 | Bird | The first large, diverse lineage of short-tailed avialans to evolve were the enantiornithes, or "opposite birds", so named because the construction of their shoulder bones was in reverse to that of modern birds. Enantiornithes occupied a wide array of ecological niches, from sand-probing shorebirds and fish-eaters to t... | What were the first large, diverse lineage of short-tailed avialans to evolve? | {
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573116a4e6313a140071cc24 | Bird | Many species of the second major avialan lineage to diversify, the Euornithes (meaning "true birds", because they include the ancestors of modern birds), were semi-aquatic and specialized in eating fish and other small aquatic organisms. Unlike the enantiornithes, which dominated land-based and arboreal habitats, most ... | What group became the first avialans to develop true pygostyle and a fully mobile fan of tail feathers? | {
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"because they i... | context-418_12_0.mp3 | context-418_12.mp3 | 22,050 | Emma | Many species of the second major avialan lineage to diversify, the Euornithes (meaning "true birds", because they include the ancestors of modern birds), were semi-aquatic and specialized in eating fish and other small aquatic organisms. | Many species of the second major avialan lineage to diversify, the Euornithes (meaning "true birds", because they include the ancestors of modern birds), were semi-aquatic and specialized in eating fish and other small aquatic organisms. | question-418_12_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Olivia | Why does Euornithes mean "true birds?" |
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5731185a05b4da19006bcd90 | Bird | All modern birds lie within the crown group Aves (alternately Neornithes), which has two subdivisions: the Palaeognathae, which includes the flightless ratites (such as the ostriches) and the weak-flying tinamous, and the extremely diverse Neognathae, containing all other birds. These two subdivisions are often given t... | All modern birds lie within which crown group? | {
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} | context-418_13_0.mp3 | context-418_13.mp3 | 22,050 | Justin | All modern birds lie within the crown group Aves (alternately Neornithes), which has two subdivisions: the Palaeognathae, which includes the flightless ratites (such as the ostriches) and the weak-flying tinamous, and the extremely diverse Neognathae, containing all other birds. | All modern birds lie within the crown group Aves (alternately Neornithes), which has two subdivisions: the Palaeognathae, which includes the flightless ratites (such as the ostriches) and the weak-flying tinamous, and the extremely diverse Neognathae, containing all other birds. | question-418_13_0.mp3 | 22,050 | Olivia | All modern birds lie within which crown group? |
5731185a05b4da19006bcd91 | Bird | All modern birds lie within the crown group Aves (alternately Neornithes), which has two subdivisions: the Palaeognathae, which includes the flightless ratites (such as the ostriches) and the weak-flying tinamous, and the extremely diverse Neognathae, containing all other birds. These two subdivisions are often given t... | What is another name for Aves? | {
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5731185a05b4da19006bcd92 | Bird | All modern birds lie within the crown group Aves (alternately Neornithes), which has two subdivisions: the Palaeognathae, which includes the flightless ratites (such as the ostriches) and the weak-flying tinamous, and the extremely diverse Neognathae, containing all other birds. These two subdivisions are often given t... | The two subdivisions of what group include Palaeognathae and Neognathae? | {
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} | context-418_13_0.mp3 | context-418_13.mp3 | 22,050 | Justin | All modern birds lie within the crown group Aves (alternately Neornithes), which has two subdivisions: the Palaeognathae, which includes the flightless ratites (such as the ostriches) and the weak-flying tinamous, and the extremely diverse Neognathae, containing all other birds. | All modern birds lie within the crown group Aves (alternately Neornithes), which has two subdivisions: the Palaeognathae, which includes the flightless ratites (such as the ostriches) and the weak-flying tinamous, and the extremely diverse Neognathae, containing all other birds. | question-418_13_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Amy | The two subdivisions of what group include Palaeognathae and Neognathae? |
5731185a05b4da19006bcd93 | Bird | All modern birds lie within the crown group Aves (alternately Neornithes), which has two subdivisions: the Palaeognathae, which includes the flightless ratites (such as the ostriches) and the weak-flying tinamous, and the extremely diverse Neognathae, containing all other birds. These two subdivisions are often given t... | What is the number range of living bird species? | {
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573118d705b4da19006bcd98 | Bird | The earliest divergence within the Neognathes was that of the Galloanserae, the superorder containing the Anseriformes (ducks, geese, swans and screamers) and the Galliformes (the pheasants, grouse, and their allies, together with the mound builders and the guans and their allies). The earliest fossil remains of true b... | What was the earliest divergence within the Neognathes? | {
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573118d705b4da19006bcd9b | Bird | The earliest divergence within the Neognathes was that of the Galloanserae, the superorder containing the Anseriformes (ducks, geese, swans and screamers) and the Galliformes (the pheasants, grouse, and their allies, together with the mound builders and the guans and their allies). The earliest fossil remains of true b... | The pheasants, grouse and their allies form which group? | {
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57311971497a881900248b67 | Bird | The classification of birds is a contentious issue. Sibley and Ahlquist's Phylogeny and Classification of Birds (1990) is a landmark work on the classification of birds, although it is frequently debated and constantly revised. Most evidence seems to suggest the assignment of orders is accurate, but scientists disagree... | Sibley and Ahlquist' Phylogeny and Classification of Birds is a landmark work on the classification of what animals? | {
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57311a4705b4da19006bcda0 | Bird | Birds live and breed in most terrestrial habitats and on all seven continents, reaching their southern extreme in the snow petrel's breeding colonies up to 440 kilometres (270 mi) inland in Antarctica. The highest bird diversity occurs in tropical regions. It was earlier thought that this high diversity was the result ... | Birds live on how many continents? | {
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57311a4705b4da19006bcda2 | Bird | Birds live and breed in most terrestrial habitats and on all seven continents, reaching their southern extreme in the snow petrel's breeding colonies up to 440 kilometres (270 mi) inland in Antarctica. The highest bird diversity occurs in tropical regions. It was earlier thought that this high diversity was the result ... | Some penguins have been recording diving up to how many feet? | {
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"... | context-418_16_3.mp3 | context-418_16.mp3 | 22,050 | Salli | Several families of birds have adapted to life both on the world's oceans and in them, with some seabird species coming ashore only to breed and some penguins have been recorded diving up to 300 metres (980 ft). | Several families of birds have adapted to life both on the world's oceans and in them, with some seabird species coming ashore only to breed and some penguins have been recorded diving up to three hundred metres (nine hundred eighty ft). | question-418_16_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Brian | Some penguins have been recording diving up to how many feet? |
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57311df8e6313a140071cc4a | Bird | Many bird species have established breeding populations in areas to which they have been introduced by humans. Some of these introductions have been deliberate; the ring-necked pheasant, for example, has been introduced around the world as a game bird. Others have been accidental, such as the establishment of wild monk... | The ring-necked pheasant has been introduced as what kind of bird? | {
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57311df8e6313a140071cc4b | Bird | Many bird species have established breeding populations in areas to which they have been introduced by humans. Some of these introductions have been deliberate; the ring-necked pheasant, for example, has been introduced around the world as a game bird. Others have been accidental, such as the establishment of wild monk... | Why have some species spread naturally far beyond their original ranges? | {
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"... | context-418_17_3.mp3 | context-418_17.mp3 | 22,050 | Amy | Some species, including cattle egret, yellow-headed caracara and galah, have spread naturally far beyond their original ranges as agricultural practices created suitable new habitat. | Some species, including cattle egret, yellow-headed caracara and galah, have spread naturally far beyond their original ranges as agricultural practices created suitable new habitat. | question-418_17_1.mp3 | 22,050 | Kimberly | Why have some species spread naturally far beyond their original ranges? |
57311df8e6313a140071cc4c | Bird | Many bird species have established breeding populations in areas to which they have been introduced by humans. Some of these introductions have been deliberate; the ring-necked pheasant, for example, has been introduced around the world as a game bird. Others have been accidental, such as the establishment of wild monk... | Where have many birds established breeding populations? | {
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57311ee005b4da19006bcdb8 | Bird | The skeleton consists of very lightweight bones. They have large air-filled cavities (called pneumatic cavities) which connect with the respiratory system. The skull bones in adults are fused and do not show cranial sutures. The orbits are large and separated by a bony septum. The spine has cervical, thoracic, lumbar a... | What consists of very lightweight bones? | {
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57311ee005b4da19006bcdb9 | Bird | The skeleton consists of very lightweight bones. They have large air-filled cavities (called pneumatic cavities) which connect with the respiratory system. The skull bones in adults are fused and do not show cranial sutures. The orbits are large and separated by a bony septum. The spine has cervical, thoracic, lumbar a... | What does the skeleton consist of? | {
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57311ee005b4da19006bcdba | Bird | The skeleton consists of very lightweight bones. They have large air-filled cavities (called pneumatic cavities) which connect with the respiratory system. The skull bones in adults are fused and do not show cranial sutures. The orbits are large and separated by a bony septum. The spine has cervical, thoracic, lumbar a... | What are pneumatic cavities? | {
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57312110a5e9cc1400cdbc53 | Bird | Like the reptiles, birds are primarily uricotelic, that is, their kidneys extract nitrogenous waste from their bloodstream and excrete it as uric acid instead of urea or ammonia through the ureters into the intestine. Birds do not have a urinary bladder or external urethral opening and (with exception of the ostrich) u... | What is it called when a bird's kidneys extract nitrogenous waste from their bloodstream and secrete it as uric acid? | {
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57312110a5e9cc1400cdbc54 | Bird | Like the reptiles, birds are primarily uricotelic, that is, their kidneys extract nitrogenous waste from their bloodstream and excrete it as uric acid instead of urea or ammonia through the ureters into the intestine. Birds do not have a urinary bladder or external urethral opening and (with exception of the ostrich) u... | Which bid has a urinary bladder or external urethral opening? | {
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57312208497a881900248b7e | Bird | Birds have one of the most complex respiratory systems of all animal groups. Upon inhalation, 75% of the fresh air bypasses the lungs and flows directly into a posterior air sac which extends from the lungs and connects with air spaces in the bones and fills them with air. The other 25% of the air goes directly into th... | Upon inhalation, what percentage of fresh air bypasses the lungs and flows directly into a posterior air sac? | {
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"75... | context-418_20_1.mp3 | context-418_20.mp3 | 22,050 | Justin | Upon inhalation, 75% of the fresh air bypasses the lungs and flows directly into a posterior air sac which extends from the lungs and connects with air spaces in the bones and fills them with air. | Upon inhalation, seventy-five percent of the fresh air bypasses the lungs and flows directly into a posterior air sac which extends from the lungs and connects with air spaces in the bones and fills them with air. | question-418_20_0.mp3 | 22,050 | Brian | Upon inhalation, what percentage of fresh air bypasses the lungs and flows directly into a posterior air sac? |
57312208497a881900248b7f | Bird | Birds have one of the most complex respiratory systems of all animal groups. Upon inhalation, 75% of the fresh air bypasses the lungs and flows directly into a posterior air sac which extends from the lungs and connects with air spaces in the bones and fills them with air. The other 25% of the air goes directly into th... | Where does the other 25 percent of fresh air go? | {
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57312208497a881900248b81 | Bird | Birds have one of the most complex respiratory systems of all animal groups. Upon inhalation, 75% of the fresh air bypasses the lungs and flows directly into a posterior air sac which extends from the lungs and connects with air spaces in the bones and fills them with air. The other 25% of the air goes directly into th... | What is the syrinx? | {
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"te... | context-418_20_5.mp3 | context-418_20.mp3 | 22,050 | Justin | Sound production is achieved using the syrinx, a muscular chamber incorporating multiple tympanic membranes which diverges from the lower end of the trachea; the trachea being elongated in some species, increasing the volume of vocalizations and the perception of the bird's size. | Sound production is achieved using the syrinx, a muscular chamber incorporating multiple tympanic membranes which diverges from the lower end of the trachea; the trachea being elongated in some species, increasing the volume of vocalizations and the perception of the bird's size. | question-418_20_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Joey | What is the syrinx? |
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57312208497a881900248b7d | Bird | Birds have one of the most complex respiratory systems of all animal groups. Upon inhalation, 75% of the fresh air bypasses the lungs and flows directly into a posterior air sac which extends from the lungs and connects with air spaces in the bones and fills them with air. The other 25% of the air goes directly into th... | Which animal has one of the most complex respiratory system of all animal groups? | {
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5731236de6313a140071cc6c | Bird | The avian circulatory system is driven by a four-chambered, myogenic heart contained in a fibrous pericardial sac. This pericardial sac is filled with a serous fluid for lubrication. The heart itself is divided into a right and left half, each with an atrium and ventricle. The atrium and ventricles of each side are sep... | The avian circulatory system is driven by what? | {
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"four-chambered,... | context-418_21_0.mp3 | context-418_21.mp3 | 22,050 | Kimberly | The avian circulatory system is driven by a four-chambered, myogenic heart contained in a fibrous pericardial sac. | The avian circulatory system is driven by a four-chambered, myogenic heart contained in a fibrous pericardial sac. | question-418_21_0.mp3 | 22,050 | Kendra | The avian circulatory system is driven by what? |
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"fibrous pericar... | context-418_21_0.mp3 | context-418_21.mp3 | 22,050 | Kimberly | The avian circulatory system is driven by a four-chambered, myogenic heart contained in a fibrous pericardial sac. | The avian circulatory system is driven by a four-chambered, myogenic heart contained in a fibrous pericardial sac. | question-418_21_1.mp3 | 22,050 | Justin | Where is the heart contained in the avian circulatory system? |
5731236de6313a140071cc6e | Bird | The avian circulatory system is driven by a four-chambered, myogenic heart contained in a fibrous pericardial sac. This pericardial sac is filled with a serous fluid for lubrication. The heart itself is divided into a right and left half, each with an atrium and ventricle. The atrium and ventricles of each side are sep... | What lubricates the pericardial sac? | {
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"... | context-418_21_1.mp3 | context-418_21.mp3 | 22,050 | Kimberly | This pericardial sac is filled with a serous fluid for lubrication. | This pericardial sac is filled with a serous fluid for lubrication. | question-418_21_2.mp3 | 22,050 | Emma | What lubricates the pericardial sac? |
5731236de6313a140071cc6f | Bird | The avian circulatory system is driven by a four-chambered, myogenic heart contained in a fibrous pericardial sac. This pericardial sac is filled with a serous fluid for lubrication. The heart itself is divided into a right and left half, each with an atrium and ventricle. The atrium and ventricles of each side are sep... | Why are Avian hearts larger than mammalian hearts when compared to body mass? | {
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"t... | context-418_21_10.mp3 | context-418_21.mp3 | 22,050 | Kimberly | This adaptation allows more blood to be pumped to meet the high metabolic need associated with flight. | This adaptation allows more blood to be pumped to meet the high metabolic need associated with flight. | question-418_21_3.mp3 | 22,050 | Amy | Why are Avian hearts larger than mammalian hearts when compared to body mass? |
573123ff05b4da19006bcdec | Bird | Birds have a very efficient system for diffusing oxygen into the blood; birds have a ten times greater surface area to gas exchange volume than mammals. As a result, birds have more blood in their capillaries per unit of volume of lung than a mammal. The arteries are composed of thick elastic muscles to withstand the p... | Why are birds' arteries composed of thick elastic muscles? | {
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573123ff05b4da19006bcdee | Bird | Birds have a very efficient system for diffusing oxygen into the blood; birds have a ten times greater surface area to gas exchange volume than mammals. As a result, birds have more blood in their capillaries per unit of volume of lung than a mammal. The arteries are composed of thick elastic muscles to withstand the p... | What is organized into capillary beds in tissues? | {
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573123ff05b4da19006bcdef | Bird | Birds have a very efficient system for diffusing oxygen into the blood; birds have a ten times greater surface area to gas exchange volume than mammals. As a result, birds have more blood in their capillaries per unit of volume of lung than a mammal. The arteries are composed of thick elastic muscles to withstand the p... | What is the funneling that occurs that brings blood back to the heart? | {
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"t... | context-418_22_10.mp3 | context-418_22.mp3 | 22,050 | Salli | As blood travels through the venules to the veins a funneling occurs called vasodilation bringing blood back to the heart. | As blood travels through the venules to the veins a funneling occurs called vasodilation bringing blood back to the heart. | question-418_22_3.mp3 | 22,050 | Emma | What is the funneling that occurs that brings blood back to the heart? |
573124bb497a881900248bb5 | Bird | The nervous system is large relative to the bird's size. The most developed part of the brain is the one that controls the flight-related functions, while the cerebellum coordinates movement and the cerebrum controls behaviour patterns, navigation, mating and nest building. Most birds have a poor sense of smell with no... | Which bird system is large relative to a bird's size? | {
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... | context-418_23_0.mp3 | context-418_23.mp3 | 22,050 | Ivy | The nervous system is large relative to the bird's size. | The nervous system is large relative to the bird's size. | question-418_23_0.mp3 | 22,050 | Matthew | Which bird system is large relative to a bird's size? |
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