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20,802
Sampling Variations of Lead Sheets
cs.AI
Machine-learning techniques have been recently used with spectacular results to generate artefacts such as music or text. However, these techniques are still unable to capture and generate artefacts that are convincingly structured. In this paper we present an approach to generate structured musical sequences. We intro...
computer science
20,803
SLIM: Semi-Lazy Inference Mechanism for Plan Recognition
cs.AI
Plan Recognition algorithms require to recognize a complete hierarchy explaining the agent's actions and goals. While the output of such algorithms is informative to the recognizer, the cost of its calculation is high in run-time, space, and completeness. Moreover, performing plan recognition online requires the observ...
computer science
20,804
Sequential Plan Recognition
cs.AI
Plan recognition algorithms infer agents' plans from their observed actions. Due to imperfect knowledge about the agent's behavior and the environment, it is often the case that there are multiple hypotheses about an agent's plans that are consistent with the observations, though only one of these hypotheses is correct...
computer science
20,805
FeUdal Networks for Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning
cs.AI
We introduce FeUdal Networks (FuNs): a novel architecture for hierarchical reinforcement learning. Our approach is inspired by the feudal reinforcement learning proposal of Dayan and Hinton, and gains power and efficacy by decoupling end-to-end learning across multiple levels -- allowing it to utilise different resolut...
computer science
20,806
Count-Based Exploration with Neural Density Models
cs.AI
Bellemare et al. (2016) introduced the notion of a pseudo-count, derived from a density model, to generalize count-based exploration to non-tabular reinforcement learning. This pseudo-count was used to generate an exploration bonus for a DQN agent and combined with a mixed Monte Carlo update was sufficient to achieve s...
computer science
20,807
Generalised Discount Functions applied to a Monte-Carlo AImu Implementation
cs.AI
In recent years, work has been done to develop the theory of General Reinforcement Learning (GRL). However, there are few examples demonstrating these results in a concrete way. In particular, there are no examples demonstrating the known results regarding gener- alised discounting. We have added to the GRL simulation ...
computer science
20,808
Approximate Muscle Guided Beam Search for Three-Index Assignment Problem
cs.AI
As a well-known NP-hard problem, the Three-Index Assignment Problem (AP3) has attracted lots of research efforts for developing heuristics. However, existing heuristics either obtain less competitive solutions or consume too much time. In this paper, a new heuristic named Approximate Muscle guided Beam Search (AMBS) is...
computer science
20,809
A proposal for ethically traceable artificial intelligence
cs.AI
Although the problem of a critique of robotic behavior in near-unanimous agreement to human norms seems intractable, a starting point of such an ambition is a framework of the collection of knowledge a priori and experience a posteriori categorized as a set of synthetical judgments available to the intelligence, transl...
computer science
20,810
Exchangeable choice functions
cs.AI
We investigate how to model exchangeability with choice functions. Exchangeability is a structural assessment on a sequence of uncertain variables. We show how such assessments are a special indifference assessment, and how that leads to a counterpart of de Finetti's Representation Theorem, both in a finite and a count...
computer science
20,811
Evidential supplier selection based on interval data fusion
cs.AI
Supplier selection is a typical multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problem and lots of uncertain information exist inevitably. To address this issue, a new method was proposed based on interval data fusion. Our method follows the original way to generate classical basic probability assignment(BPA) determined by the ...
computer science
20,812
Functions that Emerge through End-to-End Reinforcement Learning - The Direction for Artificial General Intelligence -
cs.AI
Recently, triggered by the impressive results in TV-games or game of Go by Google DeepMind, end-to-end reinforcement learning (RL) is collecting attentions. Although little is known, the author's group has propounded this framework for around 20 years and already has shown various functions that emerge in a neural netw...
computer science
20,813
Using Options and Covariance Testing for Long Horizon Off-Policy Policy Evaluation
cs.AI
Evaluating a policy by deploying it in the real world can be risky and costly. Off-policy policy evaluation (OPE) algorithms use historical data collected from running a previous policy to evaluate a new policy, which provides a means for evaluating a policy without requiring it to ever be deployed. Importance sampling...
computer science
20,814
Communications that Emerge through Reinforcement Learning Using a (Recurrent) Neural Network
cs.AI
Communication is not only an action of choosing a signal, but needs to consider the context and sensor signals. It also needs to decide what information is communicated and how it is represented in or understood from signals. Therefore, communication should be realized comprehensively together with its purpose and othe...
computer science
20,815
On Quantum Decision Trees
cs.AI
Quantum decision systems are being increasingly considered for use in artificial intelligence applications. Classical and quantum nodes can be distinguished based on certain correlations in their states. This paper investigates some properties of the states obtained in a decision tree structure. How these correlations ...
computer science
20,816
Front-to-End Bidirectional Heuristic Search with Near-Optimal Node Expansions
cs.AI
It is well-known that any admissible unidirectional heuristic search algorithm must expand all states whose $f$-value is smaller than the optimal solution cost when using a consistent heuristic. Such states are called "surely expanded" (s.e.). A recent study characterized s.e. pairs of states for bidirectional search w...
computer science
20,817
Axioms in Model-based Planners
cs.AI
Axioms can be used to model derived predicates in domain- independent planning models. Formulating models which use axioms can sometimes result in problems with much smaller search spaces and shorter plans than the original model. Previous work on axiom-aware planners focused solely on state- space search planners. We ...
computer science
20,818
Micro-Objective Learning : Accelerating Deep Reinforcement Learning through the Discovery of Continuous Subgoals
cs.AI
Recently, reinforcement learning has been successfully applied to the logical game of Go, various Atari games, and even a 3D game, Labyrinth, though it continues to have problems in sparse reward settings. It is difficult to explore, but also difficult to exploit, a small number of successes when learning policy. To so...
computer science
20,819
BetaRun Soccer Simulation League Team: Variety, Complexity, and Learning
cs.AI
RoboCup offers a set of benchmark problems for Artificial Intelligence in form of official world championships since 1997. The most tactical advanced and richest in terms of behavioural complexity of these is the 2D Soccer Simulation League, a simulated robotic soccer competition. BetaRun is a new attempt combining bot...
computer science
20,820
Any-Angle Pathfinding for Multiple Agents Based on SIPP Algorithm
cs.AI
The problem of finding conflict-free trajectories for multiple agents of identical circular shape, operating in shared 2D workspace, is addressed in the paper and decoupled, e.g., prioritized, approach is used to solve this problem. Agents' workspace is tessellated into the square grid on which any-angle moves are allo...
computer science
20,821
Numerical Integration and Dynamic Discretization in Heuristic Search Planning over Hybrid Domains
cs.AI
In this paper we look into the problem of planning over hybrid domains, where change can be both discrete and instantaneous, or continuous over time. In addition, it is required that each state on the trajectory induced by the execution of plans complies with a given set of global constraints. We approach the computati...
computer science
20,822
Toward a Formal Model of Cognitive Synergy
cs.AI
"Cognitive synergy" refers to a dynamic in which multiple cognitive processes, cooperating to control the same cognitive system, assist each other in overcoming bottlenecks encountered during their internal processing. Cognitive synergy has been posited as a key feature of real-world general intelligence, and has been ...
computer science
20,823
Symbol Grounding via Chaining of Morphisms
cs.AI
A new model of symbol grounding is presented, in which the structures of natural language, logical semantics, perception and action are represented categorically, and symbol grounding is modeled via the composition of morphisms between the relevant categories. This model gives conceptual insight into the fundamentally ...
computer science
20,824
Cost-Based Intuitionist Probabilities on Spaces of Graphs, Hypergraphs and Theorems
cs.AI
A novel partial order is defined on the space of digraphs or hypergraphs, based on assessing the cost of producing a graph via a sequence of elementary transformations. Leveraging work by Knuth and Skilling on the foundations of inference, and the structure of Heyting algebras on graph space, this partial order is used...
computer science
20,825
Minimizing Maximum Regret in Commitment Constrained Sequential Decision Making
cs.AI
In cooperative multiagent planning, it can often be beneficial for an agent to make commitments about aspects of its behavior to others, allowing them in turn to plan their own behaviors without taking the agent's detailed behavior into account. Extending previous work in the Bayesian setting, we consider instead a wor...
computer science
20,826
Towards Moral Autonomous Systems
cs.AI
Both the ethics of autonomous systems and the problems of their technical implementation have by now been studied in some detail. Less attention has been given to the areas in which these two separate concerns meet. This paper, written by both philosophers and engineers of autonomous systems, addresses a number of issu...
computer science
20,827
Exploring the Combination Rules of D Numbers From a Perspective of Conflict Redistribution
cs.AI
Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence is widely applied to uncertainty modelling and knowledge reasoning because of its advantages in dealing with uncertain information. But some conditions or requirements, such as exclusiveness hypothesis and completeness constraint, limit the development and application of that theory t...
computer science
20,828
Syntax-Preserving Belief Change Operators for Logic Programs
cs.AI
Recent methods have adapted the well-established AGM and belief base frameworks for belief change to cover belief revision in logic programs. In this study here, we present two new sets of belief change operators for logic programs. They focus on preserving the explicit relationships expressed in the rules of a program...
computer science
20,829
Fuzzy Rankings: Properties and Applications
cs.AI
In practice, a ranking of objects with respect to given set of criteria is of considerable importance. However, due to lack of knowledge, information of time pressure, decision makers might not be able to provide a (crisp) ranking of objects from the top to the bottom. Instead, some objects might be ranked equally, or ...
computer science
20,830
On Inconsistency Indices and Inconsistency Axioms in Pairwise Comparisons
cs.AI
Pairwise comparisons are an important tool of modern (multiple criteria) decision making. Since human judgments are often inconsistent, many studies focused on the ways how to express and measure this inconsistency, and several inconsistency indices were proposed as an alternative to Saaty inconsistency index and incon...
computer science
20,831
Finite Sample Analysis of Two-Timescale Stochastic Approximation with Applications to Reinforcement Learning
cs.AI
Two-timescale Stochastic Approximation (SA) algorithms are widely used in Reinforcement Learning (RL). Their iterates have two parts that are updated using distinct stepsizes. In this work, we develop a novel recipe for their finite sample analysis. Using this, we provide a concentration bound, which is the first such ...
computer science
20,832
ParaGraphE: A Library for Parallel Knowledge Graph Embedding
cs.AI
Knowledge graph embedding aims at translating the knowledge graph into numerical representations by transforming the entities and relations into continuous low-dimensional vectors. Recently, many methods [1, 5, 3, 2, 6] have been proposed to deal with this problem, but existing single-thread implementations of them are...
computer science
20,833
Approximation Complexity of Maximum A Posteriori Inference in Sum-Product Networks
cs.AI
We discuss the computational complexity of approximating maximum a posteriori inference in sum-product networks. We first show NP-hardness in trees of height two by a reduction from maximum independent set; this implies non-approximability within a sublinear factor. We show that this is a tight bound, as we can find an...
computer science
20,834
Cooperating with Machines
cs.AI
Since Alan Turing envisioned Artificial Intelligence (AI) [1], a major driving force behind technical progress has been competition with human cognition. Historical milestones have been frequently associated with computers matching or outperforming humans in difficult cognitive tasks (e.g. face recognition [2], persona...
computer science
20,835
Evolving Game Skill-Depth using General Video Game AI Agents
cs.AI
Most games have, or can be generalised to have, a number of parameters that may be varied in order to provide instances of games that lead to very different player experiences. The space of possible parameter settings can be seen as a search space, and we can therefore use a Random Mutation Hill Climbing algorithm or o...
computer science
20,836
Solving the Goddard problem by an influence diagram
cs.AI
Influence diagrams are a decision-theoretic extension of probabilistic graphical models. In this paper we show how they can be used to solve the Goddard problem. We present results of numerical experiments with this problem and compare the solutions provided by influence diagrams with the optimal solution.
computer science
20,837
Goal Conflict in Designing an Autonomous Artificial System
cs.AI
Research on human self-regulation has shown that people hold many goals simultaneously and have complex self-regulation mechanisms to deal with this goal conflict. Artificial autonomous systems may also need to find ways to cope with conflicting goals. Indeed, the intricate interplay among different goals may be critic...
computer science
20,838
Multi-Timescale, Gradient Descent, Temporal Difference Learning with Linear Options
cs.AI
Deliberating on large or continuous state spaces have been long standing challenges in reinforcement learning. Temporal Abstraction have somewhat made this possible, but efficiently planing using temporal abstraction still remains an issue. Moreover using spatial abstractions to learn policies for various situations at...
computer science
20,839
Evidence Updating for Stream-Processing in Big-Data: Robust Conditioning in Soft and Hard Fusion Environments
cs.AI
Robust belief revision methods are crucial in streaming data situations for updating existing knowledge or beliefs with new incoming evidence. Bayes conditioning is the primary mechanism in use for belief revision in data fusion systems that use probabilistic inference. However, traditional conditioning methods face se...
computer science
20,840
Artificial Intelligence and Economic Theories
cs.AI
The advent of artificial intelligence has changed many disciplines such as engineering, social science and economics. Artificial intelligence is a computational technique which is inspired by natural intelligence such as the swarming of birds, the working of the brain and the pathfinding of the ants. These techniques h...
computer science
20,841
Foundations for a Probabilistic Event Calculus
cs.AI
We present PEC, an Event Calculus (EC) style action language for reasoning about probabilistic causal and narrative information. It has an action language style syntax similar to that of the EC variant Modular-E. Its semantics is given in terms of possible worlds which constitute possible evolutions of the domain, and ...
computer science
20,842
Distributed Constraint Problems for Utilitarian Agents with Privacy Concerns, Recast as POMDPs
cs.AI
Privacy has traditionally been a major motivation for distributed problem solving. Distributed Constraint Satisfaction Problem (DisCSP) as well as Distributed Constraint Optimization Problem (DCOP) are fundamental models used to solve various families of distributed problems. Even though several approaches have been pr...
computer science
20,843
Pseudorehearsal in value function approximation
cs.AI
Catastrophic forgetting is of special importance in reinforcement learning, as the data distribution is generally non-stationary over time. We study and compare several pseudorehearsal approaches for Q-learning with function approximation in a pole balancing task. We have found that pseudorehearsal seems to assist lear...
computer science
20,844
RobustFill: Neural Program Learning under Noisy I/O
cs.AI
The problem of automatically generating a computer program from some specification has been studied since the early days of AI. Recently, two competing approaches for automatic program learning have received significant attention: (1) neural program synthesis, where a neural network is conditioned on input/output (I/O)...
computer science
20,845
Diversification-Based Learning in Computing and Optimization
cs.AI
Diversification-Based Learning (DBL) derives from a collection of principles and methods introduced in the field of metaheuristics that have broad applications in computing and optimization. We show that the DBL framework goes significantly beyond that of the more recent Opposition-based learning (OBL) framework introd...
computer science
20,846
Reasoning by Cases in Structured Argumentation
cs.AI
We extend the $ASPIC^+$ framework for structured argumentation so as to allow applications of the reasoning by cases inference scheme for defeasible arguments. Given an argument with conclusion `$A$ or $B$', an argument based on $A$ with conclusion $C$, and an argument based on $B$ with conclusion $C$, we allow the con...
computer science
20,847
Team Formation for Scheduling Educational Material in Massive Online Classes
cs.AI
Whether teaching in a classroom or a Massive Online Open Course it is crucial to present the material in a way that benefits the audience as a whole. We identify two important tasks to solve towards this objective, 1 group students so that they can maximally benefit from peer interaction and 2 find an optimal schedule ...
computer science
20,848
Learning and inference in knowledge-based probabilistic model for medical diagnosis
cs.AI
Based on a weighted knowledge graph to represent first-order knowledge and combining it with a probabilistic model, we propose a methodology for the creation of a medical knowledge network (MKN) in medical diagnosis. When a set of symptoms is activated for a specific patient, we can generate a ground medical knowledge ...
computer science
20,849
Mining Best Closed Itemsets for Projection-antimonotonic Constraints in Polynomial Time
cs.AI
The exponential explosion of the set of patterns is one of the main challenges in pattern mining. This challenge is approached by introducing a constraint for pattern selection. One of the first constraints proposed in pattern mining is support (frequency) of a pattern in a dataset. Frequency is an anti-monotonic funct...
computer science
20,850
Universal Reasoning, Rational Argumentation and Human-Machine Interaction
cs.AI
Classical higher-order logic, when utilized as a meta-logic in which various other (classical and non-classical) logics can be shallowly embedded, is well suited for realising a universal logic reasoning approach. Universal logic reasoning in turn, as envisioned already by Leibniz, may support the rigorous formalisatio...
computer science
20,851
On Convergence Property of Implicit Self-paced Objective
cs.AI
Self-paced learning (SPL) is a new methodology that simulates the learning principle of humans/animals to start learning easier aspects of a learning task, and then gradually take more complex examples into training. This new-coming learning regime has been empirically substantiated to be effective in various computer ...
computer science
20,852
Spaceprint: a Mobility-based Fingerprinting Scheme for Public Spaces
cs.AI
In this paper, we address the problem of how automated situation-awareness can be achieved by learning real-world situations from ubiquitously generated mobility data. Without semantic input about the time and space where situations take place, this turns out to be a fundamental challenging problem. Uncertainties also ...
computer science
20,853
Efficient Parallel Translating Embedding For Knowledge Graphs
cs.AI
Knowledge graph embedding aims to embed entities and relations of knowledge graphs into low-dimensional vector spaces. Translating embedding methods regard relations as the translation from head entities to tail entities, which achieve the state-of-the-art results among knowledge graph embedding methods. However, a maj...
computer science
20,854
An Empirical Approach for Modeling Fuzzy Geographical Descriptors
cs.AI
We present a novel heuristic approach that defines fuzzy geographical descriptors using data gathered from a survey with human subjects. The participants were asked to provide graphical interpretations of the descriptors `north' and `south' for the Galician region (Spain). Based on these interpretations, our approach b...
computer science
20,855
Comparison of ontology alignment algorithms across single matching task via the McNemar test
cs.AI
Ontology alignment is widely used to find the correspondences between different ontologies in diverse fields. After discovering the alignment by methods, several performance scores are available to evaluate them. The scores require the produced alignment by a method and the reference alignment containing the underlying...
computer science
20,856
Structured Parallel Programming for Monte Carlo Tree Search
cs.AI
In this paper, we present a new algorithm for parallel Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS). It is based on the pipeline pattern and allows flexible management of the control flow of the operations in parallel MCTS. The pipeline pattern provides for the first structured parallel programming approach to MCTS. Moreover, we pro...
computer science
20,857
A History of Metaheuristics
cs.AI
This chapter describes the history of metaheuristics in five distinct periods, starting long before the first use of the term and ending a long time in the future.
computer science
20,858
A simulated annealing approach to optimal storing in a multi-level warehouse
cs.AI
We propose a simulated annealing algorithm specifically tailored to optimise total retrieval times in a multi-level warehouse under complex pre-batched picking constraints. Experiments on real data from a picker-to-parts order picking process in the warehouse of a European manufacturer show that optimal storage assignm...
computer science
20,859
Finite Sample Analyses for TD(0) with Function Approximation
cs.AI
TD(0) is one of the most commonly used algorithms in reinforcement learning. Despite this, there is no existing finite sample analysis for TD(0) with function approximation, even for the linear case. Our work is the first to provide such results. Existing convergence rates for Temporal Difference (TD) methods apply onl...
computer science
20,860
Transferrable Plausibility Model - A Probabilistic Interpretation of Mathematical Theory of Evidence
cs.AI
This paper suggests a new interpretation of the Dempster-Shafer theory in terms of probabilistic interpretation of plausibility. A new rule of combination of independent evidence is shown and its preservation of interpretation is demonstrated.
computer science
20,861
The quality of priority ratios estimation in relation to a selected prioritization procedure and consistency measure for a Pairwise Comparison Matrix
cs.AI
An overview of current debates and contemporary research devoted to the modeling of decision making processes and their facilitation directs attention to the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). At the core of the AHP are various prioritization procedures (PPs) and consistency measures (CMs) for a Pairwise Comparison Matr...
computer science
20,862
Basic Formal Properties of A Relational Model of The Mathematical Theory of Evidence
cs.AI
The paper presents a novel view of the Dempster-Shafer belief function as a measure of diversity in relational data bases. It is demonstrated that under the interpretation The Dempster rule of evidence combination corresponds to the join operator of the relational database theory. This rough-set based interpretation is...
computer science
20,863
Matching Media Contents with User Profiles by means of the Dempster-Shafer Theory
cs.AI
The media industry is increasingly personalizing the offering of contents in attempt to better target the audience. This requires to analyze the relationships that goes established between users and content they enjoy, looking at one side to the content characteristics and on the other to the user profile, in order to ...
computer science
20,864
Beliefs and Probability in Bacchus' l.p. Logic: A~3-Valued Logic Solution to Apparent Counter-intuition
cs.AI
Fundamental discrepancy between first order logic and statistical inference (global versus local properties of universe) is shown to be the obstacle for integration of logic and probability in L.p. logic of Bacchus. To overcome the counterintuitiveness of L.p. behaviour, a 3-valued logic is proposed.
computer science
20,865
Next Generation Business Intelligence and Analytics: A Survey
cs.AI
Business Intelligence and Analytics (BI&A) is the process of extracting and predicting business-critical insights from data. Traditional BI focused on data collection, extraction, and organization to enable efficient query processing for deriving insights from historical data. With the rise of big data and cloud comput...
computer science
20,866
CASP Solutions for Planning in Hybrid Domains
cs.AI
CASP is an extension of ASP that allows for numerical constraints to be added in the rules. PDDL+ is an extension of the PDDL standard language of automated planning for modeling mixed discrete-continuous dynamics. In this paper, we present CASP solutions for dealing with PDDL+ problems, i.e., encoding from PDDL+ to ...
computer science
20,867
Finding Modes by Probabilistic Hypergraphs Shifting
cs.AI
In this paper, we develop a novel paradigm, namely hypergraph shift, to find robust graph modes by probabilistic voting strategy, which are semantically sound besides the self-cohesiveness requirement in forming graph modes. Unlike the existing techniques to seek graph modes by shifting vertices based on pair-wise edge...
computer science
20,868
Beliefs in Markov Trees - From Local Computations to Local Valuation
cs.AI
This paper is devoted to expressiveness of hypergraphs for which uncertainty propagation by local computations via Shenoy/Shafer method applies. It is demonstrated that for this propagation method for a given joint belief distribution no valuation of hyperedges of a hypergraph may provide with simpler hypergraph struct...
computer science
20,869
Dempster-Shafer Belief Function - A New Interpretation
cs.AI
We develop our interpretation of the joint belief distribution and of evidential updating that matches the following basic requirements: * there must exist an efficient method for reasoning within this framework * there must exist a clear correspondence between the contents of the knowledge base and the real world ...
computer science
20,870
Environment-Independent Task Specifications via GLTL
cs.AI
We propose a new task-specification language for Markov decision processes that is designed to be an improvement over reward functions by being environment independent. The language is a variant of Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) that is extended to probabilistic specifications in a way that permits approximations to be le...
computer science
20,871
The Reactor: A Sample-Efficient Actor-Critic Architecture
cs.AI
In this work we present a new reinforcement learning agent, called Reactor (for Retrace-actor), based on an off-policy multi-step return actor-critic architecture. The agent uses a deep recurrent neural network for function approximation. The network outputs a target policy {\pi} (the actor), an action-value Q-function...
computer science
20,872
FML-based Prediction Agent and Its Application to Game of Go
cs.AI
In this paper, we present a robotic prediction agent including a darkforest Go engine, a fuzzy markup language (FML) assessment engine, an FML-based decision support engine, and a robot engine for game of Go application. The knowledge base and rule base of FML assessment engine are constructed by referring the informat...
computer science
20,873
Approximating the Backbone in the Weighted Maximum Satisfiability Problem
cs.AI
The weighted Maximum Satisfiability problem (weighted MAX-SAT) is a NP-hard problem with numerous applications arising in artificial intelligence. As an efficient tool for heuristic design, the backbone has been applied to heuristics design for many NP-hard problems. In this paper, we investigated the computational com...
computer science
20,874
Pseudorehearsal in actor-critic agents
cs.AI
Catastrophic forgetting has a serious impact in reinforcement learning, as the data distribution is generally sparse and non-stationary over time. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether pseudorehearsal can increase performance of an actor-critic agent with neural-network based policy selection and function...
computer science
20,875
Probabilistic programs for inferring the goals of autonomous agents
cs.AI
Intelligent systems sometimes need to infer the probable goals of people, cars, and robots, based on partial observations of their motion. This paper introduces a class of probabilistic programs for formulating and solving these problems. The formulation uses randomized path planning algorithms as the basis for probabi...
computer science
20,876
Anomaly detection and motif discovery in symbolic representations of time series
cs.AI
The advent of the Big Data hype and the consistent recollection of event logs and real-time data from sensors, monitoring software and machine configuration has generated a huge amount of time-varying data in about every sector of the industry. Rule-based processing of such data has ceased to be relevant in many scenar...
computer science
20,877
Synergy of all-purpose static solver and temporal reasoning tools in dynamic integrated expert systems
cs.AI
The paper discusses scientific and technological problems of dynamic integrated expert systems development. Extensions of problem-oriented methodology for dynamic integrated expert systems development are considered. Attention is paid to the temporal knowledge representation and processing.
computer science
20,878
Beating Atari with Natural Language Guided Reinforcement Learning
cs.AI
We introduce the first deep reinforcement learning agent that learns to beat Atari games with the aid of natural language instructions. The agent uses a multimodal embedding between environment observations and natural language to self-monitor progress through a list of English instructions, granting itself reward for ...
computer science
20,879
Using Contexts and Constraints for Improved Geotagging of Human Trafficking Webpages
cs.AI
Extracting geographical tags from webpages is a well-motivated application in many domains. In illicit domains with unusual language models, like human trafficking, extracting geotags with both high precision and recall is a challenging problem. In this paper, we describe a geotag extraction framework in which context,...
computer science
20,880
The Dependent Doors Problem: An Investigation into Sequential Decisions without Feedback
cs.AI
We introduce the dependent doors problem as an abstraction for situations in which one must perform a sequence of possibly dependent decisions, without receiving feedback information on the effectiveness of previously made actions. Informally, the problem considers a set of $d$ doors that are initially closed, and the ...
computer science
20,881
A Reinforcement Learning Approach to Weaning of Mechanical Ventilation in Intensive Care Units
cs.AI
The management of invasive mechanical ventilation, and the regulation of sedation and analgesia during ventilation, constitutes a major part of the care of patients admitted to intensive care units. Both prolonged dependence on mechanical ventilation and premature extubation are associated with increased risk of compli...
computer science
20,882
Accurately and Efficiently Interpreting Human-Robot Instructions of Varying Granularities
cs.AI
Humans can ground natural language commands to tasks at both abstract and fine-grained levels of specificity. For instance, a human forklift operator can be instructed to perform a high-level action, like "grab a pallet" or a lowlevel action like "tilt back a little bit." While robots are also capable of grounding lang...
computer science
20,883
A hybrid spatial data mining approach based on fuzzy topological relations and MOSES evolutionary algorithm
cs.AI
Making high-quality decisions in strategic spatial planning is heavily dependent on extracting knowledge from vast amounts of data. Although many decision-making problems like developing urban areas require such perception and reasoning, existing methods in this field usually neglect the deep knowledge mined from geogr...
computer science
20,884
General Video Game AI: Learning from Screen Capture
cs.AI
General Video Game Artificial Intelligence is a general game playing framework for Artificial General Intelligence research in the video-games domain. In this paper, we propose for the first time a screen capture learning agent for General Video Game AI framework. A Deep Q-Network algorithm was applied and improved to ...
computer science
20,885
Evaluating and Modelling Hanabi-Playing Agents
cs.AI
Agent modelling involves considering how other agents will behave, in order to influence your own actions. In this paper, we explore the use of agent modelling in the hidden-information, collaborative card game Hanabi. We implement a number of rule-based agents, both from the literature and of our own devising, in addi...
computer science
20,886
Analysis of Vanilla Rolling Horizon Evolution Parameters in General Video Game Playing
cs.AI
Monte Carlo Tree Search techniques have generally dominated General Video Game Playing, but recent research has started looking at Evolutionary Algorithms and their potential at matching Tree Search level of play or even outperforming these methods. Online or Rolling Horizon Evolution is one of the options available to...
computer science
20,887
Stochastic Constraint Programming as Reinforcement Learning
cs.AI
Stochastic Constraint Programming (SCP) is an extension of Constraint Programming (CP) used for modelling and solving problems involving constraints and uncertainty. SCP inherits excellent modelling abilities and filtering algorithms from CP, but so far it has not been applied to large problems. Reinforcement Learning ...
computer science
20,888
Learning from Ontology Streams with Semantic Concept Drift
cs.AI
Data stream learning has been largely studied for extracting knowledge structures from continuous and rapid data records. In the semantic Web, data is interpreted in ontologies and its ordered sequence is represented as an ontology stream. Our work exploits the semantics of such streams to tackle the problem of concept...
computer science
20,889
Molecular De Novo Design through Deep Reinforcement Learning
cs.AI
This work introduces a method to tune a sequence-based generative model for molecular de novo design that through augmented episodic likelihood can learn to generate structures with certain specified desirable properties. We demonstrate how this model can execute a range of tasks such as generating analogues to a query...
computer science
20,890
Reinforcement Learning-based Thermal Comfort Control for Vehicle Cabins
cs.AI
Vehicle climate control systems aim to keep passengers thermally comfortable. However, current systems control temperature rather than thermal comfort and tend to be energy hungry, which is of particular concern when considering electric vehicles. This paper poses energy-efficient vehicle comfort control as a Markov De...
computer science
20,891
Structured Production System (extended abstract)
cs.AI
In this extended abstract, we propose Structured Production Systems (SPS), which extend traditional production systems with well-formed syntactic structures. Due to the richness of structures, structured production systems significantly enhance the expressive power as well as the flexibility of production systems, for ...
computer science
20,892
A Popperian Falsification of AI - Lighthill's Argument Defended
cs.AI
The area of computation called artificial intelligence (AI) is falsified by describing a previous 1972 falsification of AI by British applied mathematician James Lighthill. It is explained how Lighthill's arguments continue to apply to current AI. It is argued that AI should use the Popperian scientific method in which...
computer science
20,893
The MacGyver Test - A Framework for Evaluating Machine Resourcefulness and Creative Problem Solving
cs.AI
Current measures of machine intelligence are either difficult to evaluate or lack the ability to test a robot's problem-solving capacity in open worlds. We propose a novel evaluation framework based on the formal notion of MacGyver Test which provides a practical way for assessing the resilience and resourcefulness of ...
computer science
20,894
Consensus measure of rankings
cs.AI
A ranking is an ordered sequence of items, in which an item with higher ranking score is more preferred than the items with lower ranking scores. In many information systems, rankings are widely used to represent the preferences over a set of items or candidates. The consensus measure of rankings is the problem of how ...
computer science
20,895
Intelligent Personal Assistant with Knowledge Navigation
cs.AI
An Intelligent Personal Agent (IPA) is an agent that has the purpose of helping the user to gain information through reliable resources with the help of knowledge navigation techniques and saving time to search the best content. The agent is also responsible for responding to the chat-based queries with the help of Con...
computer science
20,896
Classical Planning in Deep Latent Space: Bridging the Subsymbolic-Symbolic Boundary
cs.AI
Current domain-independent, classical planners require symbolic models of the problem domain and instance as input, resulting in a knowledge acquisition bottleneck. Meanwhile, although deep learning has achieved significant success in many fields, the knowledge is encoded in a subsymbolic representation which is incomp...
computer science
20,897
A Partitioning Algorithm for Detecting Eventuality Coincidence in Temporal Double recurrence
cs.AI
A logical theory of regular double or multiple recurrence of eventualities, which are regular patterns of occurrences that are repeated, in time, has been developed within the context of temporal reasoning that enabled reasoning about the problem of coincidence. i.e. if two complex eventualities, or eventuality sequenc...
computer science
20,898
Defense semantics of argumentation: encoding reasons for accepting arguments
cs.AI
In this paper we show how the defense relation among abstract arguments can be used to encode the reasons for accepting arguments. After introducing a novel notion of defenses and defense graphs, we propose a defense semantics together with a new notion of defense equivalence of argument graphs, and compare defense equ...
computer science
20,899
The Problem of Coincidence in A Theory of Temporal Multiple Recurrence
cs.AI
Logical theories have been developed which have allowed temporal reasoning about eventualities (a la Galton) such as states, processes, actions, events, processes and complex eventualities such as sequences and recurrences of other eventualities. This paper presents the problem of coincidence within the framework of a ...
computer science
20,900
An improved Ant Colony System for the Sequential Ordering Problem
cs.AI
It is not rare that the performance of one metaheuristic algorithm can be improved by incorporating ideas taken from another. In this article we present how Simulated Annealing (SA) can be used to improve the efficiency of the Ant Colony System (ACS) and Enhanced ACS when solving the Sequential Ordering Problem (SOP). ...
computer science
20,901
The N-Tuple Bandit Evolutionary Algorithm for Automatic Game Improvement
cs.AI
This paper describes a new evolutionary algorithm that is especially well suited to AI-Assisted Game Design. The approach adopted in this paper is to use observations of AI agents playing the game to estimate the game's quality. Some of best agents for this purpose are General Video Game AI agents, since they can be de...
computer science