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[ "aging is part of the natural process of human development , and it brings multiple biopsychosocial changes that cause a slow and progressive deterioration of body functions that are essential to life . among these functions that undergo important mostly irreversible changes is hearing.1 hearing loss is considered ...
introduction hearing loss is one of the most common problems in the elderly population . besides compromising oral communication , it directly affects social relations and prevents elderly patients from living actively in society , possibly leading to the onset of depression or other conditions . objective to ana...
[ "ameloblastomas are rare benign odontogenic tumours , most commonly found in a patient s lower jaw . although rarely metastatic , the growth of these lesions can result in defects in the jaw easily destroying surrounding bony tissues . for this reason , the treatment is often excision of the lesion , with wide exci...
this case report describes a 35-year - old caucasian radiographer who presented with a significant mandibular bony defect following multiple excisions of an ameloblastoma . as a result , there was an absence of teeth on the lower - right mandible and a clear defect in the mandible . the treatment objectives were to reb...
[ "glucagonlike peptide1 ( glp1 ) , the most potent incretin hormone , stimulates glucoseinduced insulin secretion and inhibits glucagon secretion , which consequently leads to a decrease in hepatic glucose production and blood glucose levels . in addition to its ability to modulate insulin and glucagon secretion , g...
abstractaims / introduction : eicosapentaenoic acid ( epa ) stimulates glucagonlike peptide1 ( glp1 ) secretion in mice . we investigated the relationship between serum epa concentrations and the efficacy of dipeptidylpeptidase iv ( dpp4 ) inhibitor in patients with type 2 diabetes.materials and methods : serum e...
[ "pregnancy course was regular , except for maternal consumption of mebendazol at 5 weeks ' gestation to treat a pinworm infection . maternal history was negative for consumption of any known teratogenic class drug during the whole pregnancy . clinical examination at birth was normal , except for complete congenital...
key clinical messageclassic co ( also called iso kikuchi syndrome ) represents a benign , isolated condition associated with normal patient outcome . nevertheless , clinical follow - up and/or further clinically - based tests are needed to exclude other nail diseases associated with multisystem pathology ; complete fa...
[ "glycogen synthase kinase-3 ( gsk-3 ) , an evolutionarily conserved ubiquitous serine threonine kinase consisting of and isoforms , is a multifaceted protein with diverse cellular and neurophysiological functions . the main structural difference between gsk-3 and gsk-3 isoforms lies in the n- and c - terminal re...
the mood stabilizer lithium inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3 ( gsk-3 ) directly or indirectly by enhancing serine phosphorylation of both and isoforms . lithium robustly protected primary brain neurons from glutamate - induced excitotoxicity ; these actions were mimicked by other gsk-3 inhibitors or silencing / in...
[ "studies have shown the incidence of injury from squash to range from 35.5 to 80.9 per 100,000 players . trauma to the head ( including the eyes ) is the most common cause of squas - related hospital presentation , comprising 48.7% of all emergency department presentations . craniofacial and spinal fractures typica...
squash is a popular racquet sport not usually associated with severe head or spinal injury . the incidence of squash - related injury ranges from 35.5 to 80.9 per 100,000 players , with the most common sites being the lower - limbs and eyes . we present a case of extensive traumatic craniomaxillofacial and vertebral in...
[ "lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality in the usa and other developed countries.1 the two major forms of the disease are non - small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer , which account for 85% and 15% of all lung cancers , respectively.2 despite advances in preliminary detection and standard tr...
backgroundcdh1 is a protein encoded by the cdh1 gene in humans . mutations in this gene are linked with several types of cancer . loss of cdh1 function contributes to the progression of cancer by increasing proliferation , invasion , and/or metastasis . however , the association between and clinicopathological signific...
[ "nerve conduction studies ( ncs ) are an objective , quantitative , and reproducible measure of peripheral nerve function and are widely used in the diagnosis of neuropathies [ 1 , 2 ] . they can be used to monitor neuropathic disease progression and the efficacy of interventions in clinical trials . however , no...
abstractobjectiveto quantify nerve conduction study ( ncs ) reproducibility utilizing an automated ncs system ( nc - stat , neurometrix , inc.).methodhealthy volunteers without neuropathic symptoms participated in the study . their median , ulnar , peroneal , and tibial nerves were tested twice ( 7 days apart ) by the...
[ "this study was conducted within the north central cancer treatment group , a national cancer cooperative group that is funded in part by the national cancer institute . questionnaire and clinical trial data from two separate cancer therapeutic trials , n9921 and these two trials recruited patients between february...
background : social support is defined as a network of family / friends who provide practical and emotional help . a sizable literature describes a direct relationship between social support and improved cancer clinical outcomes . this study explored the extent of social support and its potential association with survi...
[ "port - wine stains ( pwss ) are congenital vascular malformations comprised of ectatic dermal capillaries and affecting 0.3 - 1% of newborn infants . acquired pwss are an uncommon entity developing later in life , but morphologically and histologically similar to the congenital lesions . we hereby report a case of...
port - wine stains ( pwss ) are congenital vascular lesions caused by progressive ectasia of blood vessels located in the vascular plexus of the dermis . acquired pwss develop later in life but are identical in morphology and histology to the congenital pwss . less than 75 cases of acquired pwss have been reported in t...
[ "ionizing radiation is a well - known carcinogen in humans , and breast is one of the most sensitive organs to radiogenic cancer . the rate of breast cancer in postwar japan was among the lowest in the world , but breast cancer contributed a disproportionately large fraction of the radiation - related cancer burden...
long noncoding rnas ( lncrnas ) are emerging as key regulators of diverse cell functions and processes . however , the relevance of lncrnas in the cell and tissue response to ionizing radiation has not yet been characterized . here we used microarray profiling to determine lncrna and mrna expression in mammary glands o...
[ "\n women with psychiatric diseases are treated with antipsychotic medication(s ) with limited evidence to support the safety of their use during pregnancy.olanzapine , a second - generation antipsychotic , is a us food and drug administration pregnancy category c drug with no unequivocal evidence of harm to the f...
there is a dearth of evidence on the safety of the use of antipsychotics during pregnancy . olanzapine , a pregnancy category c drug , has no unequivocal evidence of harm to the fetus . against this backdrop , we report the first case of a tracheo - esophageal fistula ( tef ) in a newborn following maternal antenatal ...
[ "\n\t\t\t\t olfactory neuroblastoma ( onb ) is a rare malignant tumor arising from the olfactory epithelium of the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses . the anatomic origin in the superior nasal cavity leads to nonspecific symptoms that make early diagnosis difficult . direct extension of the tumor into the ante...
objective . the aim of this study was to evaluate clinicopathological findings and the efficacy of the treatment modalities used in patients with olfactory neuroblastomas . study design . retrospective record review . setting . istanbul university , cerrahpasa medical faculty , medical oncology outpatient clinic . su...
[ "unrepaired dsbs are usually lethal for dividing cells due to the subsequent loss of the acentric fragment and the unstable break - end of the centric fragment . dsbs can be caused enzymatically , by ionizing irradiation , or by other s phase - independent clastogens . dsbs with only one break - end may appear when...
break - induced replication ( bir ) is considered as one way to repair dna double - strand breaks ( dsbs ) . bir is defined as replication of the proximal break - ends up to the end of the broken chromosome using an undamaged ( homologous ) double - stranded template and mimicking a non - reciprocal translocation . t...
[ "is an effort to manipulate the metabolism of an organism worthy and reasonable , \t knowing \n that this cellular process has been continuously modified and refined through \n evolution and natural selection for adapting , in the most convenient manner , to \n the ongoing environmental conditions ? the \n answer t...
the traditional experimental approaches used for changing the flux or the concentration of a particular metabolite of a metabolic pathway have been mostly based on the inhibition or over - expression of the presumed rate - limiting step . however , the attempts to manipulate a metabolic pathway by following such ap...
[ "network - driven spindle - like oscillations are a functional hallmark of the developing cerebral cortex . during late prenatal and early postnatal stages of development , spontaneous spindle - like oscillations have been identified as physiological activity patterns in various neocortical areas of different mamma...
spontaneous and sensory evoked spindle bursts represent a functional hallmark of the developing cerebral cortex in vitro and in vivo . they have been observed in various neocortical areas of numerous species , including newborn rodents and preterm human infants . spindle bursts are generated in complex neocortical - su...
[ "atrazine , 6-chloro - n2-ethyl - n4-isopropyl-1 , 3 , 5 atrazine , 4-diamine , is a selective herbicide that has been extensively used in corn production to control many broad - leaf and some grassy weeds . atrazine has long - term reproductive and endocrine - disrupting effects and a probable human carcinogen . i...
atrazine herbicide that is widely used in corn production is frequently detected in water resources . the main objectives of this research were focused on assessing the effects of carbon and nitrogen sources on atrazine biodegradation by mixed bacterial consortium and by evaluating the feasibility of using mixed bacter...
[ "neurons , oligodendrocytes ( ols ) , and astrocytes are unique cell types in the central nervous system ( cns ) of vertebrates.1 neurons process and transmit information electrochemically.2 ols generate myelin sheaths around most axons of the vertebrate cns , enabling a faster conduction of the nerve impulses . as...
purposeour purpose was to systematically investigate the expression pattern and role of olig1 in neural cells during rat spinal cord development.animals and methodsspinal cord tissues were dissected from sprague dawley rats at embryonic day 14.5 ( e14.5 ) and e18.5 , postnatal day 0 ( p0 ) , p3 , p7 , postnatal 2 week...
[ "neck pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder in modern society that can produce severe \n pain . 67% of the population suffers from it at least once in a lifetime and the prevalence \n is about 23%1 . the pain exacerbates and \n fades periodically , and many patients do not fully recover from the symptoms2 . nec...
[ purpose ] this study evaluated joint mobilization and therapeutic exercise applied to the cervical spine and upper thoracic spine for functional impairment caused by chronic neck pain . [ subjects and methods ] eighteen study subjects were randomly assigned to two groups of nine people each . therapeutic exerci...
[ "adss obtained de - identified data for the entire population of alberta from alberta health and wellness administrative databases ( discharge abstract database , alberta physician claims data , ambulatory care classification system and vital statistics ) . data on the adult ( over 20 years ) population has been re...
objectivesto track and compare trends in diabetes rates from 1995 to 2007 for status aboriginal and general population youth.study designlongitudinal observational research study ( quantitative ) using provincial administrative data.methodsde-identified data was obtained from alberta health and wellness administrative ...
[ "one disability that can sufficient to interfere with activities of daily living is non - syndromic hearing loss ( nshl ) ( 1 , 2 ) . people with even mild nshl have problems hearing speech when there is background noise and identifying the sounds sources ( 3 , 4 ) . nshl is the most common sensory deficit in human...
background : non - syndromic hearing loss ( nshl ) is the most common birth defect and occurs in approximately 1/1,000 newborns . nshl is a heterogeneous trait and can arise due to both genetic and environmental factors . mutations of the transmembrane channel - like 1 ( tmc1 ) gene cause non - syndromic deafness in hu...
[ "microleakage between the root canal filling and root - canal walls may adversely affects the results of root - canal treatment.1 apical leakage is considered to be common cause of endodontic failure.2 hence , different endodontic filling materials , sealers and techniques have been introduced to the dental communi...
background : the aim of this study was to quantitatively analyze the amount of dye leakage with ah26 , sealapex and tubliseal sealers in endodonticaly treated teeth.materials and methods : a total of 36 extracted mandibular molar specimens were divided into three groups ; group i : sealapex , group ii : tubliseal , gro...
[ "targeting type 4 phosphodiesterase ( pde4 ) has been recognized as a promising approach to managing copd by relieving the symptoms , slowing the progress of the disease , increasing exercise tolerance , reducing exacerbation rate , and improving quality of life ( giembycz 2001 , 2005 ; mehats et al 2003 ; spina 20...
targeting type 4 phosphodiesterase ( pde4 ) for treatment of copd has multilevel benefits to patients by reducing inflammation , relieving bronchoconstriction , and improving pulmonary circulation . the isoenzyme - specific narrow spectrum pde4 inhibitors such as cilomilast and roflumilast may have limited clinical eff...
[ "long - acting beta-2 agonists such as salmeterol and formoterol are important controller medications in the maintenance therapy of chronic stable asthma , used as an add - on drug to inhaled corticosteroid . however , their usefulness in the management of acute attacks of asthma has recently been recognized , and ...
arformoterol , a long - acting beta-2 agonist , has a rapid onset and long duration of action . its role as rescue medication in acute asthma attack is undetermined . to compare the efficacy and tolerability of arformoterol with salbutamol nebulization , a study was conducted among 50 patients with acute non - severe a...
[ "hepatic angiomyolipoma ( haml ) is a rare benign mesenchymal liver tumor first described by ishak in 1976 ; it belongs to a group of perivascular epithelioid cell tumors called pecoma . until date , approximately 300 cases have been reported [ 310 ] ; however , its natural history has not been clarified . the tu...
angiomyolipoma ( aml ) is a benign mesenchymal tumor that is frequently found in the kidney and , rarely , in the liver . the natural history of hepatic aml has not been clarified , and , because of the similar patterns in imaging studies , such as ultrasonography , computed tomography , and magnetic resonance imaging ...
[ "the sentinel node is defined as the first tumour - draining lymphatic filter , and its involvement by metastatic disease should predict the global nodal status of the specific patient . skip metastasis in the context of a normal sentinel node is described as a very rare event . in patients with clinically node - n...
summarybackgroundthe aim of this pilot trial was to study the feasibility of sentinel node percutaneous preoperative gamma probe - guided biopsy as a valid preoperative method of assessment of nodal status compared to surgical sentinel lymph node biopsy.material/methodsthis prospective study enrolled 10 consecutive pat...
[ "since the first fontan procedure was introduced by fontan in 1971 , the surgical technique has evolved and the survival rate has shown dramatic improvement . recently , fontan surgery has been performed as an operation of the final stage for congenital heart disease with single ventricle physiology1 ) . in fontan ...
decreased exercise capacity after fontan surgery is relatively common and the failure of the fontan state gradually increases with age . however , there is no further treatment for patients with fontan circulation . pulmonary vasodilation therapy is an effective method to solve this problem because pulmonary vascular r...
[ "angiomyolipoma is a benign tumor that is histologically composed of groups of mature adipose tissue intermixed with convoluted thick - walled blood vessels , interlacing bundles , and irregularly arranged sheets of smooth muscle , with the kidney as the most frequent site of involvement . extrarenal angiomyolipoma...
a 61-year - old woman was referred to our hospital with a mass in the left proglossis . the lesion was excised with a provisional diagnosis of hemangioma . the mass was well - demarcated and easily dissected with an ultrasonic surgical aspirator . the histopathologic diagnosis was angiomyolipoma arising in the tongue ....
[ "recently , extensive reciprocal interactions between the immune and skeletal systems have been demonstrated , resulting in the establishment of a new interdisciplinary research field , named osteoimmunology , which is focused on the understanding of the crosstalk between the immune and bone systems [ 1 - 3 ] . i...
abstract : objectiveosteoimmunology investigates interactions between skeleton and immune system . in the light of recent discoveries in this field , a new reading register of osteoporosis is actually emerging , in which bone and immune cells are strictly interconnected . osteoporosis could therefore be considered a ch...
[ "lymphangioleiomyomatosis ( lam ) is a rare idiopathic disease that exclusively occurs in women of childbearing age , and this disease is characterized by the proliferation of abnormal smooth muscle cells in the lungs and along the thoracic and abdominal lymphatics ( 1 - 3 ) . the disease primarily affects the lung...
lymphangioleiomyomatosis ( lam ) is a rare idiopathic disease and this is characterized by a proliferation of abnormal smooth muscle cells in the lungs and in the lymphatic system of the thorax and retroperitoneum . the female genital tract is rarely affected by lam . we report here on the ct and mr imaging findings of...
[ "ts is a key enzyme in the de novo synthesis of dtmp , an essential precursor of dna , which catalyses the methylation of dump to dtmp . the critical role of ts in the nucleotide metabolism has made it an important target of a variety of chemotherapeutic agents including 5-fu , 5-fu prodrugs as capecitabine ...
thymidylate synthase ( ts ) catalyzes methylation of dump to dtmp and it is the target for the 5-fluorouracil ( 5-fu ) activity . barbour et al . showed that variant structural forms of ts in tumour cell lines confer resistance to fluoropyrimidines . ...
[ "colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers , representing the second ( males ; 9% ) and third ( females ; 8% ) most prevalent cancer in the usa ( 1 ) , and the third overall leading cause of cancer - related death in the western world ( 2 ) . the past several decades have seen a dramatic increase in the i...
objectivepanitumumab was approved in japan in april 2010 for the treatment of kirsten rat sarcoma-2 virus oncogene wild - type unresectable and recurrent colorectal cancer . we conducted a post - marketing surveillance study to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of panitumumab.methodsafter panitumumab was commercial...
[ "nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis ( nlcs ) was first described by hoffman and zuhrelle in 1921.1 it s a rare idiopathic hamartomatous benign condition characterized by the presence of an ectopic mature adipose tissue within the dermis . it is classified into two clinical variants : the classical form , usu...
introductionnevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis ( nlcs ) is a rare benign hamartomatous skin tumor characterized by dermal deposition of mature adipose tissue . it s classified in two types : the classical form with multiple soft , pedunculated , cerebriform papules and nodules that coalesce into plaques , and th...
[ "the use of chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer has opened new possibilities for improvement of the quality of life of cancer patients . despite its success , treatment with some of the most effective anticancer drugs , the mechanism of cisplatin ( cis - diamminedichloroplatinum ( ii ) or cddp ) induced nephrot...
cisplatin ( cis - diamminedichloroplatinum ( ii ) or cddp ) , used in the treatment of many solid - tissue cancers , has its chief side - effect in nephrotoxicity . hence , this study sought to investigate and compare the protective effect of gallic acid ( ga ) and tannic acid ( ta ) against cisplatin induced nephrotox...
[ "cavernous haemangioma is the most common primary orbital tumour in adults , accounting for 6% of all orbital lesions [ 13 ] . orbital schwannomas are benign peripheral nerve sheath tumours and constitute 1% of all orbital tumours [ 1 , 3 ] . orbital cavernous haemangiomas and schwannomas present as slow progressiv...
objectiveit is important to distinguish between orbital cavernous haemangioma and schwannoma because the treatments of choice for the two tumours are different . the aim was to evaluate mr imaging findings distinguishing the two tumours.methodsmagnetic resonance imaging including t1- and t2-weighted imaging and contras...
[ "gingival enlargement is a common observation in clinical practice that may occur as a result of a response to varied stimuli and/or interactions with the host and the environment . these lesions could be either localized to certain aspect of the oral cavity or generalized affecting larger areas . the possible reas...
clinicians are often intrigued by the varied manifestations of the gingival tissue . gingival overgrowth is a common clinical finding and most of them represent a reactive hyperplasia as a direct result of plaque - related inflammatory gingival disease . these types of growth generally respond to good plaque control , ...
[ "successful management and treatment of periodontal disease depends upon simple medical procedures such as health education , prophylaxis , scaling and root - planing , gingivectomy , gingival grafts , and different types of gingival flaps . periodontal pocket refers to the pathological increase in the depth of gin...
background : changes in pulse rate and blood pressure are common consequences during oral surgeries . hypoxia during surgical process is another side effect . the objective of the present study was evaluation of blood hemoglobin oxygenation and hemodynamic changes during periodontal surgery.materials and methods : this...
[ "chronic kidney disease ( ckd ) is defined as a structural or functional kidney abnormality lasting for 3 or more months . the global prevalence of ckd is estimated to be more than 10% , and ckd has emerged as a public health problem . adverse outcomes of ckd such as kidney failure , cardiovascular disease ( cvd ) ...
background / aimsan updated chronic kidney disease ( ckd ) definition and classification were proposed by kidney disease : improving global outcomes ( kdigo ) , with adoption of a new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate ( gfr ) and albuminuria to evaluate kidney structural damage . this study was performed ...
[ "while it is true that not all patients are able to dialyse themselves at home , it is a sad fact that many are never given the chance , despite the fact that patient choice has never been more discussed as an answer to almost any health care problem . although studies suggest that renal physicians and nurses rega...
pre - emptive living donor transplantation should always be promoted as the first - line treatment for kidney failure . where that is not possible , patients must receive timely information and advice regarding all dialysis options available , including home - based peritoneal dialysis and haemodialysis . where a dialy...
[ "the epstein barr virus ( ebv ) was described by michael anthony epstein and yvonne barr , who isolated ebv virus particles from endemic burkitt lymphoma specimens . ebv is a double stranded dna virus of the herpes virus family and is the most common virus affecting humans . the infection occurs through oral trans...
lymphoproliferations associated with epstein barr virus ( ebv ) in adult patients pose a diagnostic challenge for pathologists for several reasons . first , the ebv lymphoproliferations represent a clinically and histologically very broad spectrum ranging from self - limiting lymphoproliferations to manifest malignant...
[ "echinococcosis or cystic hydatid disease is an endemic parasitic disease in human populations in iran and some parts of the world . it is caused by larvae stage of echinococcus granulosus ( 1 ) . in the life cycle of e. granulosus , clinical treatment of cysts includes albendazole ( abz ) or mebendazole ( mbz ) th...
background : hydatid cysts are formed in human body can be treated clinically by surgery or drugs such as albendazole ( abz ) and mebendazole ( mbz ) . the purpose of this study was comparing the effects of abz and mbz on glutathione - s - transferase , alkaline phosphatase and protease enzymes activities in protoscole...
[ " anal carcinoma is increasingly diagnosed in patients with human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) , anoreceptive intercourse , chronic inflammatory bowel disease. an established association exists with human papillomavirus ( hpv ) infection and premalignant intra - epithelial dysplasia. phased - array mri is recomme...
backgroundsquamocellular anal carcinoma is increasingly diagnosed in patients with risk factors.methodsstate-of-the-art imaging with magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) using phased - array coils and volumetric multidetector computed tomography ( ct ) provides detailed visualisation of anal disorders , identification an...
[ "black yeasts from the family herpotrichiellaceae ( order chaetothyriales ) are fungi with a remarkable dual ecology . on the one hand , they have a unique ability to adapt to extreme environments ( exposure to toxic chemicals , high temperature , scarcity of nutrients , acidic , and/or dry conditions ) , while on ...
black yeast members of the herpotrichiellaceae present a complex ecological behavior : they are often isolated from rather extreme environments polluted with aromatic hydrocarbons , while they are also regularly involved in human opportunistic infections . a selective technique to promote the in vitro growth of herpotr...
[ "the metabolic syndrome ( mets ) is a clustering of metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors that have been widely discussed for at least 20 years . although some have questioned the clinical utility of metabolic syndrome , there are many reasons to believe that this entity is useful . identification of metabolic ...
aims : to compare waist circumference ( wc ) , body mass index ( bmi ) , waist hip ratio ( whr ) , and waist - to - height ratio ( whtr ) and define an appropriate cut - off , which is most closely predictive of the non - adipose components of the idf metabolic syndrome ( mets ) definition.methods and results : a total...
[ "the constructive , or synthetic , biology approach is a fascinating avenue for exploring the boundary between living and nonliving matter . because the cell is the minimum unit required for life as we currently understand it , various researchers have attempted to construct artificial cells from simple , well - un...
the constructive biology and the synthetic biology approach to creating artificial life involve the bottom - up assembly of biological or nonbiological materials . such approaches have received considerable attention in research on the boundary between living and nonliving matter and have been used to construct artific...
[ "right sided valvular involvement in infective endocarditis has been well - described , but lesions affecting eustachian valve are distinctly rare . in 1986 , edwards et al . first described the entity of eustachian valve endocarditis ( eve ) in an autopsy study of a patient with overwhelming streptococcal sepsis ....
eustachian valve endocarditis ( eve ) is a distinctly rare and underdiagnosed entity . we report 2 new cases caused by vancomycin resistant staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus hominis diagnosed on transesophageal echocardiography ( tee ) . although , 63% of eustachian valve endocarditis is caused by staphylococcus...
[ "x - ray micro computed tomography ( mxct ) has many applications in various fields including \n medicine , geology , materials science , dentistry , art and archaeology , among \n others . the methodology combines a non - destructive and \n noninvasive analysis with the ability to quantify the geometrical characte...
objectivethe aim of this study was to quantify the surface area , volume and specific surface area of endodontic files employing quantitative x - ray micro computed tomography ( mxct ) . material and methodsthree sets ( six files each ) of the flex - master ni - ti system ( n 20 , 25 and 30 , taper .04 ) were uti...
[ "this study was approved by the institutional ethics committee review boards of chang gung memorial hospital linkou medical center and chang gung university . we recruited 123 patients , and all patients gave written informed consent to participate in the study . the screening glucose challenge test for gestational...
objectivealthough recent studies have shown that human genomes contain hundreds of loci that exhibit signatures of positive selection , variants that are associated with adaptation in energy - balance regulation remain elusive . we reasoned that the difficulty in identifying such variants could be due to heterogeneity ...
[ "the conventional definitions of pediatric adiposity depend on a measured body mass index ( bmi , kg / m ) interpreted relative to a reference distribution ( bmi normative growth charts ) for sex and age [ 13 ] . because it has body weight in its numerator , bmi reflects generalized ( total - body ) enlargement wit...
convention defines pediatric adiposity by the body mass index z - score ( bmiz ) referenced to normative growth charts . waist - to - height ratio ( whtr ) does not depend on sex - and - age references . in the healthy study enrollment sample , we compared bmiz with whtr for ability to identify adverse cardiometabolic ...
[ "the bucky shuttle being the combination of nanosize carbon structures fullerene and nanotube , has many possible applications : nanoscale storage cells , devices for directed medicine transfer and containers for effective and safe gas storage [ 7 - 13 ] . nanosize containers and capsules of various shapes t...
the processes of methane adsorption , storage and desorption by the nanocapsule are investigated with molecular - dynamic modeling method . the specific nanocapsule shape defines its functioning uniqueness : methane is adsorbed under 40 mpa and at normal temperature with further blocking of methane molecules the k@c601...
[ "it is an unusual \" atypical \" antipsychotic , as the \" atypical \" profile of the new antipsychotics clozapine , olanzapine , quetiapine , and risperidone has been linked to combined antagonism of serotonin 2 ( 5-ht2 ) and dopamine 2 ( d2 ) receptors , whereas amisulpride has negligible affinity for 5 ht2 recep...
amisulpride is an atypical antipsychotic used for the management of schizophrenia and other conditions like dysthymia . it has also been used for the management of bipolar disorders as an add on therapy . here , we report a patient of schizophrenia who developed a manic episode while on amisulpride .
[ "aging leads to senile diseases , including alzheimer disease ( ad ) , which has become a serious medical and socioeconomic problem . therefore , progress in early diagnosis and effective treatment of ad is necessary , especially in the preliminary or early stages of the disease . most elderly people experience phy...
summarybackgroundpurpose of study was evaluation of regional metabolic disorders using 1h mrs in patients with mci , as a predictor of clinical conversion to dementia based on clinical follow-up.material/methodsthe study group consisted of 31 subjects with diagnosis of mci based on criteria the mayo clinic group . 1h m...
[ "intraocular pressure ( iop ) is one the most important modifiable risk factors for glaucoma progression.13 iop measurements in the ophthalmology clinic are often limited to office hours , which do not fully represent the nychthemeral iop peaks and fluctuations.4,5 previously , 24-hour iop monitoring studies have r...
purposeto analyze the 24-hour ocular dimensional profile in normal - tension glaucoma ( ntg ) patients on medical treatment.methodsconsecutive , medically treated ntg subjects were recruited from a university eye center . subjects were on a mean of 1.70.7 types of antiglaucoma medications and 56.6% were on a prostaglan...
[ "cyclodialysis cleft is a rare clinical finding , but one that can have significant ocular complications , including decreased vision , shallowing of the anterior chamber , corneal edema , hypotony , choroidal effusions , maculopathy , vascular tortuosity , and optic disc edema . while it can be caused by surgical ...
cyclodialysis cleft is a rare clinical finding and therefore , reports on surgical repair techniques in the literature are limited . additionally , hypotony can make repair technically challenging . we share a novel , simple surgical approach to management of a case of chronic traumatic cyclodialysis cleft with a succe...
[ "acoh ( 3.00 mmol ) was added to a solution of galactoside 20 or 13 ( 1.57 mmol ) in acetone ( 3.5 ml ) and meoh ( 4.7 ml ) at 0 c . after 8 h , the reaction was quenched by the addition of nahco3 ( 5.95 mmol ) and then filtered . after concentration of the filtrate under reduced pressure , the resulting oil was pu...
a concise route to the 6-azido-6-deoxy--galactosyl - phytosphingosine derivative 9 is reported . orthogonal protection of the two amino groups allows elaboration of 9 into a range of 6-n - derivatized -galactosyl ceramides by late - stage introduction of the acyl chain of the ceramide and the 6-n - group in the sugar h...
[ "ventriculoperitoneal and cystoperitoneal ( cp ) shunts are commonly used for the treatment of hydrocephalus and symptomatic intracranial cysts . abdominal complications , including intestinal volvulus , pseudocyst formation and migration into the gastrointestinal tract have been reported , accounting for 25% of sh...
we report a rare case of acute mastitis caused by enteric organisms passing through a cystoperitoneal shunt catheter , which had penetrated into the colon . the patient is a 56-year - old woman who underwent shunt placement for cyst formation after surgery for meningioma at the age of 29 . after 26 years , she suffered...
[ "we explore , in mice , the possibility of diagnosing an early - melanoma tumor and following its growth by analyzing the changes that occur throughout the pathological process in vocs excreted in urine and feces . we report here total of 29 potential biomarker candidates of melanoma ; 25 of these are novel , and 4...
melanoma is the most malignant type of skin cancer . early detection of melanoma is thus critical for patient prognosis and survival . at present , examination by a skilled dermatologist followed by biopsy of suspicious lesions is the diagnostic gold standard . the aim of the present study was to examine an alternative...
[ "genome - wide association studies ( gwass ) have emerged as a powerful non - biased technique for identifying pathways related to human diseases with complex genetic architecture . understanding such complex diseases requires a broad understanding of the relevant functional nodes regulating disease - relevant path...
summarythe polymorphism atg16l1 t300a , associated with increased risk of crohn s disease , impairs pathogen defense mechanisms including selective autophagy , but specific pathway interactions altered by the risk allele remain unknown . here , we use perturbational profiling of human peripheral blood cells to reveal t...
[ "randomized controlled studies have shown that noninvasive ventilation ( niv ) reduces short - term mortality , risk of intubation and complication rate when given as an additional treatment to selected patients with an acute exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) complicated by hypercapnic ...
implementation of noninvasive ventilation ( niv ) as an add - on treatment has been routinely used in a non - intensive care setting since 2004 for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) and acute hypercapnic respiratory failure at a university hospital in denmark . although randomized controlled ...
[ "takayasu arteritis ( ta ) is a chronic inflammatory arteritis affecting the aorta and its main branches . the disease has a world - wide distribution , but has a high prevalence in japan . although there are no population based studies from india , reports have shown than the prevalence may be as high as in japan ...
takayasu arteritis ( ta ) , a chronic inflammatory arteritis affecting the aorta and its main branches , is a rare condition mainly affecting young women in the second and third decades of life . occurrence of ta in infants is extremely rare , with only less than 10 cases reported all over the world until date . we rep...
[ "currently , liver transplantation is the only definitive treatment for the end stage liver diseases . however , its widely used was limited by the expensive costs , shortage of donor organs and invasive procedure ( 1 ) . hepatocyte transplantation has emerged as a feasible alternative to liver transplantation in ...
adult stem cells ( ascs ) are undifferentiated cells found throughout the body that divide to replenish dying cells and regenerate damaged tissues , which are the powerful sources for cell therapy and tissue engineering . bone marrow - derived mesenchymal stem cells ( bmscs ) , adipose tissue - derived mesenchymal stem...
[ "waldenstrom 's macroglobulinemia ( wm ) is the result of a clonal proliferation of lymphocytes that produce monoclonal immunoglobulin m ( igm ) . it is now considered to correspond to lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma as defined by the world health organization classification system ( 1 , 2 ) . many central nervous syst...
waldenstrom 's macroglobulinemia is an uncommon low - grade b - cell lymphoproliferative disorder in which monoclonal immunoglobulin m is produced . neurological symptoms due to hyperviscosity are frequent manifestations of waldenstrom 's macroglobulinemia . however , central nervous system infiltration by plasmacytoid...
[ " the increasing prevalence of childhood obesity , especially in preschool aged children [ 1 , 2 ] , has stimulated research targeting critical periods of growth . according to freinkel 's hypothesis of fuel - mediated teratogenesis , the intrauterine environment can influence changes in gene expression and affe...
increasing evidence supports the contribution of intrauterine environmental exposures on obesity risk in offspring . few studies have included maternal and infant lifestyle factors . our objective was to study the impact of maternal physical activity , infant feeding , and screen time on offspring weight gain and adipo...
[ "phylogenetic networks represent the evolutionary relationships of taxa , including sequences , genes , chromosomes , genomes , or species . there are different types of phylogenetic networks , but here , we are interested in reticulate networks , which provide an explicit representation of evolutionary history , m...
phylogenetic networks aim to represent the evolutionary history of taxa . within these , reticulate networks are explicitly able to accommodate evolutionary events like recombination , hybridization , or lateral gene transfer . although several metrics exist to compare phylogenetic networks , they make several assumpti...
[ "we recently demonstrated that diabetes directly induced dental caries in rats and mice , although a direct association between the 2 was less evident and conflicting in humans [ 14 ] . we demonstrated that dental caries were produced using noncariogenic diets with a low concentration of sugar in diabetic rodent mo...
we have previously shown that dental caries may be produced in diabetic rodent models fed with noncariogenic standard diets ; however , many studies usually add large amounts of sugar to the diet to induce dental caries . moreover , the physical properties of cariogenic diets have been reported as an important factor i...
[ "encapsulation of biological macromolecules within lipid vesicles is important for biophysical research and for a variety of applications such as pharmaceuticals , foods , and cosmetics . although attractive interactions between solutes and the lipids used to encapsulate them can lead to high encapsulation efficien...
large solutes such as high molecular weight proteins can be difficult to encapsulate in lipid vesicles . passive trapping of these macromolecular solutes during vesicle formation typically results in concentrations inside the vesicles that are much lower than in the external solution . here , we investigated the effect...
[ "we collected all possible literature from the year 1972 ( when kfd was first described ) to the present day conducting a medical search on kikuchi fujimoto disease ( kfd ) in english language . we included publications in authorized medical journals including original and review articles / theses , editorials , ca...
in order to determine the clinical significance of kikuchi fujimoto disease ( histiocytic necrotizing lymhadenitis ) and to review the literature available on this condition , we selected the medicine research papers in english language published between the years 1972 to 2011.kikuchi fujimoto disease ( kfd ) is an unc...
[ "does it have any bearing on outcome in the icu or during the post - icu period ? although not evidence based in any prospective , controlled , randomized clinical trials , it is unlikely that anyone would dispute that under - feeding eventually leads to death . this parallels the lack of controlled studies on the ...
systematic undernutrition of intensive care unit patients is common and neglected . is this inevitable or can better routines and protocols make a difference ? the necessity of feeding may be regarded as self - evident , but more evidence is obviously needed to strengthen this issue . in rich countries it should be a h...
[ "recently , apparent expression of foxp3 in the majority of thymic epithelial cells was observed in experiments using flow cytometry while a subset of thymic cortical epithelial cells was found positive for foxp3 by immunofluorescence ( 16 ) . because epithelial cells are notorious for a high degree of nonspecific ...
foxp3 is essential for the commitment of differentiating thymocytes to the regulatory cd4 + t ( t reg ) cell lineage . in humans and mice with a genetic foxp3 deficiency , absence of this critical t reg cell population was suggested to be responsible for the severe autoimmune lesions . recently , it has been proposed t...
[ "human parvovirus ( hpv ) b19 , being first discovered and introduced in 1975 , is a non - enveloped single - stranded dna virus from the parvoviridae family . the virus is transmitted by respiratory droplets and the prevalence is estimated to be high since most of the individuals are infected by the age of 15 . th...
human parvovirus ( hpv ) b19 induced aplastic crisis in a family leading to the diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis ( hs ) is a very rare condition being barely reported in the literature . we herein report a 4-year - old girl , her brother , and their mother who all presented with progressive pallor and jaundice aft...
[ "primary mitochondrial disorders due to impaired oxidative phosphorylation ( oxphos ) are a well - established cause of severe disability and precocious death in both children and adults ( koopman et al . , 2012 ) . no effective therapies are currently available for these conditions , but encouraging results have ...
summarymitochondrial disorders are highly heterogeneous conditions characterized by defects of the mitochondrial respiratory chain . pharmacological activation of mitochondrial biogenesis has been proposed as an effective means to correct the biochemical defects and ameliorate the clinical phenotype in these severely d...
[ "irinotecan is commonly used in combination with oxaliplatin as a component of folfirinox chemotherapy for several gastrointestinal malignancies . the purpose of this case report is to describe a patient who developed acute paralysis and aphasia while receiving her initial infusion of irinotecan .", "a 67-year - ...
backgroundirinotecan is commonly used in combination with oxaliplatin as a component of folfirinox chemotherapy for several gastrointestinal malignancies . the purpose of this case report is to describe a patient who developed acute paralysis and aphasia while receiving her initial infusion of irinotecan.case reporta 6...
[ "alcohol dependence is the most prevalent substance use disorder that can lead individuals with the disorder to serious health - related and social problems . according to a report by nutt and colleagues ( 2007 ) , the level of potential harm and risk of alcohol use and misuse was among the top five with heroin...
alcohol dependence is a serious disorder that can be related with a number of potential health - related and social consequences . cortical thickness measurements would provide important information on the cortical structural alterations in patients with alcohol dependence . twenty - one patients with alcohol dependenc...
[ "nutrient intakes , health behaviors and quality of life are interrelated and are of particular importance among rural residents . rural areas exhibit a variety of dietary habits and food - intake patterns ( lee et al . , 2002 ; ministry of health & welfare , 2002 ) with food intake and food selection being lower ,...
inadequate dietary intakes and poor health behaviors are of concern among rural residents in korea . this study is conducted to compare dietary intakes , dietary diversity score ( dds ) , mean nutrient adequacy ratio ( mar ) and health related behaviors by rural , factory and urban areas in asan . a total of 930 adults...
[ "the treatment of chronic hepatitis c ( chc ) has evolved in the last 15 years from monotherapy with interferon alpha ( ifnalpha ) to the combination treatment with pegylated ifn ( peg - ifn ) plus ribavirin for 24 - 48 weeks . up to now , several viral , host and drug - related reactions in response to ifnalpha - ...
the treatment of chronic hepatitis c ( chc ) has evolved in the past 15 years and combination of pegylated interferon plus ribavirin is its current standard therapy . however , several side effects are commonly observed and frequently lead to transient or definitive interruption of treatment . although sarcoidosis in i...
[ "pleomorphic carcinoma is an aggressive tumour initially described in the lung by nash and stout . in the 4th edition of the world health organization ( who ) classification of tumours of the lung , pleomorphic carcinoma is defined as a poorly differentiated ( squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma ) or undiffer...
pleomorphic carcinoma is an aggressive neoplasm defined by the world health organization ( who ) as a poorly differentiated ( squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma ) or undifferentiated carcinoma in which at least 10% spindle and/or giant cells are identified , or as a carcinoma constituted purely of spindle and gi...
[ "management of suspected scaphoid fractures with normal x - rays at emergency department ( ed ) presentation is a common clinical challenge . there has long been concern that failure to identify and immobilise a scaphoid fracture might result in avascular necrosis or non - union with significant functional impact f...
aimto characterise current management of adult patients with possible occult scaphoid fracture in australasian emergency departments.methodsinternet-based survey of directors of emergency medicine training throughout australasia . data collected included the most common management used in ed for patients with possible ...
[ "women 's reproductive health is a major area of concern , especially in developing countries . maternal complications and poor perinatal outcome are highly associated with nonutilization of antenatal and delivery care services and poor socioeconomic conditions of the patient . more than half a million women die an...
introduction : migrant is a vulnerable population . they face several barriers in accessing health services . the immigration status presents various challenges for maternity services utilization . so this study was conducted ( 1 ) to estimate proportion of women utilizing full anc package and to find out reasons for i...
[ "phytoestrogens , naturally occurring hormone - like compounds with a unique diphenolic structure found in several plants , have received much attention as dietary components as they are known to promote better health . phytoestrogens have been also associated with reduced incidence of various cancers , cardiovascu...
mechanism of chemoprevention by daidzein ( 500 g / g bwt ) was examined by injecting it subcutaneously at 16th , 18th , and 20th day postpartum , followed by counting of terminal end buds ( tebs ) , terminal ducts ( tds ) , and lobules and immunohistochemistry of er- , bcl2 , bax , and caspase-3 . dna fragmentation ...
[ "acute appendicitis , one of the commonest surgical emergencies , affects nearly 7% of the world 's population and accounts for about 1% of all surgical operations . faecoliths formed by mineral deposits layered with faecal debris and lodged in the appendix are called appendicoliths . the prevalence of faecoliths i...
acute appendicitis is one of the commonest surgical emergencies worldwide . there is considerable variation in prevalence of appendicoliths with appendicitis . most of the patients with appendicoliths are asymptomatic and they are not pathognomic for acute appendicitis . however , appendicoliths show increased associat...
[ "it is commonly treated with conservative surgery ; prognosis is rapidly improved by performing concomitant chemotherapy after the initial surgery.1,2 gliomatosis peritonei is the metastatic implantation of mature glial tissue within the peritoneal cavity of patients with ovarian teratomas.3 as second - look or sec...
we report a patient who has maintained a regular menstrual cycle despite undergoing cystectomy and chemotherapy for contralateral recurrence of ovarian immature teratoma with gliomatosis peritonei . we initially performed a fertility - sparing right salpingo - oophorectomy , omentectomy and peritoneal biopsy for immatu...
[ "cesarean delivery rates have been increasing in a fast manner throughout the world within past few decades ( 1 ) . although reasonable cesarean rates have been proposed as 510% by who , cesarean delivery rates across the world varies between 0.4% and 41% ( 2 ) . while cesarean birth rates had reached 28% in usa , ...
background : p cesarean delivery rates have been increasing throughout the world . parallel to the developments in the world the cesarean rate in turkey has risen to 48.1% in 2013 . some of the social factors were related with cesarean births . the purpose of this study was to determine cesarean birth rates and to find...
[ "las fracturas por fragilidad asociadas a la osteoporosis suponen un gran coste econmico y personal para la sociedad . la ingesta de calcio farmacutico o diettico es necesaria para aumentar la densidad mineral y prevenir fracturas por fragilidad . aunque los productos lcteos son una buena fuente de calcio , los pac...
background : fragility fractures associated with osteoporosis extract a large financial and personal toll on society . pharmaceutical or dietary calcium intake is needed to increase bone mineral density to prevent fragility fractures . although dairy products are a good source of calcium , patients who are unable to di...
[ "the ultrastructural localization of a molecule requires that a certain degree of electron - density , resulting in adequate electron scattering , be present in sufficient amount . binding of heavy atoms can be accomplished easily with regards to proteins , nucleic acids and other cellular components , in some case...
we propose a tool for a rapid high - resolution detection of calcium ions which can be used in parallel with other techniques . we have applied a new approach by photo - oxidation of diaminobenzidine in presence of the emission of an excited fluorochrome specific for calcium detection . this method combines the selecti...
[ "nearly , 90% of metastatic tumors occur in jaw bones , especially premolar - molar region of the mandible , whereas metastases to soft tissues are extraordinarily rare and account for 0.1% of all oral malignancies . most metastatic tumors to the orofacial region are seen in patients aged between 40 and 70 years . ...
oral cavity is an uncommon site for metastasis and is usually an evidence of widespread disease . the clinical presentation of the metastatic lesions differs between the various sites in the oral region . metastatic tumors account for 13% of all oral malignancies . the jawbones , particularly the mandibular molar area ...
[ "the study population was all the 6 to 9 year- old students from the districts of one and two in yazd , an old and big city located in the center of iran . for the study group , 56 students were selected from imam hussein counseling center ( counseling center of educational organization of yazd province ) who were ...
objectivethe aim of this study was to examine the differences between adhd subtypes in executive function tasks compared to themselves and normal controls.methodin this study , 45 school aged children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( adhd ) and 30 normal children who were matched based on age and iq scor...
[ "the visual environment provides a vast assortment of information to the sighted individual during the acts of daily living . for the visually - impaired individual , a need exists to compensate for the lack of this information , which has motivated the introduction of a wide variety of devices that transfer at lea...
we present a novel device mounted on the fingertip for acquiring and transmitting visual information through haptic channels . in contrast to previous systems in which the user interrogates an intermediate representation of visual information , such as a tactile display representing a camera generated image , our devic...
[ "it negatively influences the child 's quality of life and is an important cause of absence from school and also a significant factor in health - related costs among children and adolescents . its prevalence varies greatly from 5.9 to 82% , depending on the definition criteria and the age of the patients . the inte...
objectiveheadache is one of the most common neurologic problems in children and adolescents . primary headache including migraine and tension - type headache comprises the vast majority of headaches and are associated with marked incidence , prevalence , and individual and social cost . we aimed to assess demographic c...
[ "a total of 30 mabs that were either developed or in - licensed by companies are currently undergoing evaluation in late - stage studies ( tables 1 and 2 ) . five of these ( brodalumab , mabp1 , moxetumomab pasudotox , tildrakizumab , rilotumumab ) transitioned into phase 3 studies during the period from late 2012 ...
the transitions of antibody therapeutics to late - stage clinical development , regulatory review and the market are proceeding at a rapid pace in 2013 . since late 2012 , two monoclonal antibody ( mab ) therapeutics ( itolizumab , trastuzumab emtansine ) received their first approvals , first marketing applications fo...
[ "they may be seen in midline or para - axial location , from the brain to the sacral area . they display a particular tendency to locate in the sacrococcygeal and pre - sacral regions . reported incidence of tumors at these sites the oropharyngeal cavity is exceedingly rare for teratomas , 2% of all teratomas , pre...
for congenital teratomas , oropharyngeal cavity is one of the rarest sites ( 2% of all teratomas ) . they are rarely picked up by prenatal ultrasonography . postnatally , newborns present with respiratory distress and at this point role of pediatricians is very crucial in establishing secure airway after which they nee...
[ "the rationale underlying treatment recommendations based on esthetic impairment come from the social science researches , which indicate that unacceptable dental appearance may stigmatize , impede career advancement and peer group acceptance , encourage negative stereotyping , and have a negative effect on self - ...
aim of the study : the purpose was to assess orthodontic treatment need in a subpopulation as assessed by the orthodontists.materials and methods : the study was conducted on a sample population of 753 patients aged 2025 years to assess the need for orthodontic treatment using the esthetic component ( ac ) of the index...
[ "in order to proliferate , cells must accurately transmit their chromosomes from one generation to the next . in eukaryotes , the chromosomes are confined to the nucleus , the perimeter of which is defined by the nuclear envelope . the nuclear envelope is made of a double membrane ; the outer nuclear membrane is co...
in eukaryotes , chromosomes are encased by a dynamic nuclear envelope . in contrast to metazoans , where the nuclear envelope disassembles during mitosis , many fungi including budding yeast undergo closed mitosis , where the nuclear envelope remains intact throughout the cell cycle . consequently , during closed mit...
[ "fibro - osseous lesions ( fol ) are a poorly defined group of lesions affecting the jaws and craniofacial bones . all are characterized by the replacement of bone by cellular fibrous tissue containing foci of mineralization that vary in amount and appearance . recent world health organization classification ( 2005...
background : fibro - osseous lesions ( fols ) are one of the commonest entities reported in the head and neck region . however , studies on these groups of lesions on indian population were not carried out before . so this motivated us to analyze the clinico - pathologic correlation of fibro - osseous lesions reported ...
[ "green tea , unfermented and made from the leaves of the camellia sinensis plant , is one of the most popular beverages consumed across the world [ 13 ] . the property and chemical components of green teas are influenced by many factors , such as tea species , harvest season , climate , geographical locations , and...
the feasibility of electronic tongue and multivariate analysis was investigated for discriminating the specific geographical origins of a chinese green tea with protected designation of origin ( pdo ) . 155 longjing tea samples from three subareas were collected and analyzed by an electronic tongue array of 7 sensors ....
[ "aging is associated with changes in various body systems including in the neuromuscular structures , which lead to a reduction in important components of physical fitness.1 the preservation of fitness - related components such as muscular strength , endurance , and flexibility are essential to the performance of d...
objectivethe main purpose of the investigation reported here was to analyze the effect of resistance training ( rt ) performed at different weekly frequencies on flexibility in older women.participants and methodsfifty - three older women ( 60 years old ) were randomly assigned to perform rt either two ( n=28 ; group ...
[ "bovine eyes ( from 3-year - old animals ) were obtained from a local slaughterhouse within 3 hours of death . the eye globe was dissected from its anterior aspect , the cornea and iris were removed , and the front face of the ciliary processes was exposed . the lens , zonule , and ciliary body were released from t...
purposethe zonule of zinn ( ciliary zonule ) is a system of fibers that centers the crystalline lens on the optical axis of the eye . mutations in zonule components underlie syndromic conditions associated with a broad range of ocular pathologies , including microspherophakia and ectopia lentis . here , we used hplc m...
[ "identification of specific subtypes of circulating tumor cells in the peripheral blood of cancer patients can provide important prognostic information , but to be effective , the method used must recognize all tumor cell types . the subtype of 19 well - characterized breast cancer cell lines was obtained by use of...
identification of specific subtypes of circulating tumor cells in peripheral blood of cancer patients can provide information about the biology of metastasis and improve patient management . however , to be effective , the method used to identify circulating tumor cells must detect all tumor cell types . we investigate...
[ "zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis ( zcl ) is polymorphic disease with various clinical manifestations ( 1 , 2 ) . leishmaniasis , a group of parasitic infections , has a worldwide distribution ( 3 ) ; the world health organization estimates a prevalence of approximately 12 million cases , with an annual mortality r...
backgroundzoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis ( zcl ) is polymorphic disease that may show various clinical manifestations.objectivesthis study investigates the determination of genetic variation within the species of leishmania major isolates from new cases in chabahar , a port city in southeast iran ( situated at the ir...
[ "cystic fibrosis ( cf ; omim 219700 ) is the most common lethal autosomal recessive disorder ( 1 , 2 ) , with an incidence rate of 1 in 2000 - 3000 live births in europe and 1 in 10,000 births for asians living in the united kingdom ( 1 ) . it is a multisystem disorder affecting the gastrointestinal , respiratory ,...
backgroundoutcomesforcystic fibrosis patients are improving rapidly . the demographic factors are notable variables inoutcomes , which can be evaluated and modified.objectivesthis study was designed to investigate the association between outcome and demographic factors in patients with cystic fibrosis.patients and meth...
[ "the original technique of staining the anterior capsule with trypan blue ( tb ) in eyes with no red reflex involves the injection of the dye with a cannula after filling the anterior chamber with an air bubble.1 the stability of the anterior chamber can be compromised by air escaping when the cannula is introduced...
the original technique of staining the anterior capsule of the lens with trypan blue involves the injection of an air bubble in the anterior chamber . a drawback of this technique is the possible instability of the anterior chamber caused by the sudden exit of air when the dye is injected with the cannula through the s...