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American rapper Dai Burger Birth name Dainene Alexia Baldwin Born New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) , U.S. Occupation(s) Rapper (/wiki/Rapper) Years active 2009–present Musical artist Dainene Alexia Baldwin [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) (born February 13), [4] (#cite_note-4) best known by her stage name, Dai Burger (/deɪ/) (/wiki/Pronunciation_respelling_for_English) [5] (#cite_note-5) is an American rapper. She is from Queens (/wiki/Queens) in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . She has released two studio albums to date. Early life [ edit ] Baldwin was born and raised in Queens, but has also lived in Brooklyn (/wiki/Brooklyn) . [6] (#cite_note-6) Career [ edit ] Baldwin's performing career began while working as a backup dancer (/wiki/Backup_dancer) on tour with Lil Mama (/wiki/Lil_Mama) . [7] (#cite_note-Shorey2-7) Since that time she has appeared in several music videos, including Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) 's " Party (/wiki/Party_(Beyonc%C3%A9_song)) ", [8] (#cite_note-Ladygunn-8) and has worked as a stylist for designer Patricia Field (/wiki/Patricia_Field) 's clothing boutique. [9] (#cite_note-9) She had also toured with Chris Brown (/wiki/Chris_Brown) and Soulja Boy (/wiki/Soulja_Boy) as a backup dancer. [10] (#cite_note-10) Baldwin launched her music career with her 2010 project MyMixxxytape , hosted by rapper Junglepussy (/wiki/Junglepussy) . She explains that her stage name (/wiki/Stage_name) came "out of nowhere, but I like to think that I'm stacked, and juicy." [11] (#cite_note-11) In 2011, Burger released her second compilation Raw Burger featuring Junglepussy on the track "Titty Attack". [12] (#cite_note-RS-12) "In Ya' Mouf" was released via Complex (/wiki/Complex_Networks) Magazine in January 2014. Featuring production by Shane Augustus and Mighty Mark, the mixtape was well received because of Baldwin's clever lyricism and confident representation of girl power. [13] (#cite_note-Ortiz-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) The video for the single "Soufflé" premiered in Interview (/wiki/Interview_(magazine)) magazine [15] (#cite_note-15) and was picked as one of the best feminist (/wiki/Feminism) music videos of 2013. [16] (#cite_note-BF-16) The release was featured on Solange Knowles (/wiki/Solange_Knowles) ' Saint-Heron [17] (#cite_note-17) and contributed to Burger being named "Artist To Watch" by Rolling Stone magazine in April 2014. [12] (#cite_note-RS-12) Gearing up for her next project, Baldwin collaborated with London-based producer Darq E Freaker (/wiki/Darq_E_Freaker) on the track "Choppin Necks". [18] (#cite_note-18) "Choppin Necks" was hailed by critics as a futuristic dark song, in all the right ways. Burger delivered "jaw-dropping bars", according to James Keith from Complex . [19] (#cite_note-19) On December 4, 2015, Dai Burger premiered her 5-track self-titled project "Dai Burger" exclusively with Dazed (/wiki/Dazed) magazine. [20] (#cite_note-dazeddigital.com-20) Baldwin performed at the first ever "Sound & Style" event in New York, hosted by Boss Lady (/wiki/Boss_Lady) and Reebok (/wiki/Reebok) [21] (#cite_note-21) and was as an opening act for Lil Wayne (/wiki/Lil_Wayne) and 2 chainz (/wiki/2_Chainz) in Long Beach, NY in the summer of 2014. To date she has collaborated with artists including Kool Keith (/wiki/Kool_Keith) , Cakes da Killa (/wiki/Cakes_da_Killa) , Cazwell (/wiki/Cazwell) and Jonte' Moaning (/wiki/Jonte%27_Moaning) . [22] (#cite_note-Shorey1-22) [23] (#cite_note-23) Her debut studio album, titled Soft Serve , was released on August 24, 2017. [24] (#cite_note-24) Baldwin released her second studio album, Bite the Burger , in 2019. The album released a score of 6.7 from Pitchfork, with the reviewer commenting, "An artist as bold and honest as Dai should never sound so boring." [25] (#cite_note-25) Dai Burger is openly gay. [26] (#cite_note-26) Talking in an interview about her sexuality she stated, "I like queer (/wiki/Queer) because it’s an umbrella, more than it identifies one thing. I don’t have to, you know, choose a letter." [27] (#cite_note-27) Discography [ edit ] Studio albums [ edit ] Soft Serve (2017) Bite The Burger (2019) Mixtapes [ edit ] Mymixxxytape (2010) Raw Burger (2011) In Ya' Mouf (2014) Extended plays [ edit ] Dai Burger (2015) Dessert (2020) See also [ edit ] LGBT culture in New York City (/wiki/LGBT_culture_in_New_York_City) List of LGBT people from New York City (/wiki/List_of_LGBT_people_from_New_York_City) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Dai Burger on Instagram" (https://www.instagram.com/p/BwMf8RmBP8u/) . Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) . Retrieved July 23, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "the dai burger interview" (http://www.powderzine.com/node/409) . powderzine.com . Retrieved July 23, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Dainene Alexia Baldwin" (https://www.deezer.com/en/artist/9182320) . Deezer (/wiki/Deezer) . Retrieved July 23, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "DAI BURGER" (https://web.archive.org/web/20190723195756/https://ladygunn.com/dai-burger/) . Ladygunn . February 14, 2014. Archived from the original (https://ladygunn.com/dai-burger/) on July 23, 2019 . Retrieved July 23, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "DAY" (http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/pronunciation/english/day) . dictionary.cambridge.org . Retrieved December 6, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Meet Dai Burger, the Foodie-Rapper You Need To Stop Sleeping On" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/2017/10/02/dai-burger-soft-serve-interview/) . Highsnobiety . October 2, 2017 . Retrieved July 23, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-Shorey2_7-0) Shorey, Eric (September 1, 2013). "The Next Wave of Queer Hip-Hop: 12 Upcoming Legendary Children" (http://www.mtviggy.com/lists/the-next-wave-of-queer-hip-hop-lgbt-rap/) . www.queerty.com . Queerty (/wiki/Queerty) . Retrieved July 20, 2015 . She has previously collaborated with Cakes Da Killa and Jonte (another notable queer artist) and sometimes outshines her partners. ^ (#cite_ref-Ladygunn_8-0) "Dai Burger" (http://ladygunn.com/music/dai-burger) . ladygunn.com/ . LADYGUNN. February 13, 2014 . Retrieved July 20, 2015 . If you don't know,.. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Rosenbloom, Stephanie (October 25, 2011). "Embracing the Pop Star in Your Closet" (http://runway.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/10/25/embracing-the-pop-star-in-your-closet/) . The New York Times . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Sanders, Wren (December 3, 2019). "Dai Burger Wants You to Take a Bite of Her Latest Album" (https://www.them.us/story/out-loud-dai-burger-latest-album) . them . Retrieved May 28, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Maharry, Lindsay (July 9, 2013). "Bushwick is Burning: Underground trap Raves Keep it Weird" (http://bedfordandbowery.com/2013/07/bushwick-is-burning-underground-trap-raves-keep-it-weird/) . Bedford + Bowery . Retrieved July 22, 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Shepherd, Julianne Escobedo (April 28, 2014). "Artist to Watch: Dai Burger" (https://www.rollingstone.com/music/videos/artist-to-watch-dai-burger-20140428) . Rolling Stone . ^ (#cite_ref-Ortiz_13-0) Ortiz, Edwin. "Stream Dai Burger's New Project "In Ya Mouf" (http://www.complex.com/music/2014/01/dai-burger-in-ya-mouf-stream) " (http://www.complex.com/music/2014/01/dai-burger-in-ya-mouf-stream) . Complex . Retrieved December 6, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "In Ya Mouf! : @DaiBurger Drops New Mixtape #EXCLUSIVE - #THRILLERGANG" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140307175031/http://jackthriller.com/in-ya-mouf-daiburger-drops-new-mixtape-exclusive/) . #THRILLERGANG . Archived from the original (http://jackthriller.com/in-ya-mouf-daiburger-drops-new-mixtape-exclusive/) on March 7, 2014 . Retrieved 2015-12-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Chapman, Alex (November 19, 2013). "Exclusive Video Premiere: 'Soufflé,' Dai Burger" (http://www.interviewmagazine.com/music/exclusive-video-premiere-souffl-dai-burger/) . Interview Magazine . Retrieved December 6, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-BF_16-0) Bayetti Flores, Verónica (2013). "Best Feminist Music Videos of 2013" (http://feministing.com/2013/12/12/best-feminist-music-videos-of-2013/) . feministing.com . Feministing (/wiki/Feministing) . Retrieved July 20, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Video: Dai Burger, "Soufflé" - Saint Heron" (http://saintheron.com/music/video-dai-burger-souffle/) . Saint Heron . Retrieved December 6, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Trammell, Matthew (March 3, 2015). "Darq E Freaker & Dai Burger's "Choppin Necks" Is Wicked" (http://www.thefader.com/2015/03/03/darq-e-freaker-dai-burgers-choppin-necks-is-wicked) . The FADER . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Keith, James (March 4, 2015). "Darq E Freaker & Dai Burger's 'Choppin Necks' Is All Space-Age Grime" (http://uk.complex.com/music/2015/03/darq-e-freaker-choppin-necks-feat-dai-burger) . Complex . Retrieved July 22, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-dazeddigital.com_20-0) "Premiere: Dai Burger is back with her attitude-packed new EP" (http://www.dazeddigital.com/music/article/28706/1/premiere-dai-burger-is-back-with-her-attitude-packed-new-ep) . Dazed . December 3, 2015 . Retrieved December 6, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) DamnAnthony (February 9, 2012). "Boss Lady Brings 'Sound & Style' to NYC" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150722190132/http://www.vibe.com/2012/02/boss-lady-brings-sound-style-nyc-brianna-snow-da-product-jasmine-solano-and-more/) . Vibe . Archived from the original (http://www.vibe.com/2012/02/boss-lady-brings-sound-style-nyc-brianna-snow-da-product-jasmine-solano-and-more/) on July 22, 2015 . Retrieved July 22, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-Shorey1_22-0) Shorey, Eric (January 21, 2015). "5 Gay Lady Rappers Who Are (Also) "Better Than Everybody" (http://www.queerty.com/5-gay-lady-rappers-who-are-also-better-than-everybody-20130901/3) " (http://www.queerty.com/5-gay-lady-rappers-who-are-also-better-than-everybody-20130901/3) . www.mtviggy.com/ . MTV (/wiki/MTV) . Retrieved July 20, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Kool Keith Announces Condom-equipped 'Total Orgasm' Box Set" (http://exclaim.ca/music/article/kool_keith_announces_total_orgasm_box_set_with_condom) . Exclaim!. April 13, 2015 . Retrieved May 26, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Rising Star Dai Burger Talks New Album 'Soft Serve,' Spice Girls & Sexuality" (http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/7941825/dai-burger-interview-new-album-soft-serve) . Billboard . Retrieved August 25, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Dai Burger: Bite the Burger" (https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/dai-burger-bite-the-burger/) . Pitchfork . Retrieved June 24, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "5 Gay Lady Rappers Who Are (Also) "Better Than Everybody" (https://www.queerty.com/5-gay-lady-rappers-who-are-also-better-than-everybody-20130901) " (https://www.queerty.com/5-gay-lady-rappers-who-are-also-better-than-everybody-20130901) . September 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-27) "Here comes Dai Burger - a fabulous antidote to misery" (https://www.loudandquiet.com/interview/here-comes-dai-burger-a-fabulous-antidote-to-misery/) . Loud And Quiet . Retrieved June 24, 2021 . 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Rendering was triggered because: unknown esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dai_Burger&oldid=1224854624 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dai_Burger&oldid=1224854624) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) LGBT rappers (/wiki/Category:LGBT_rappers) African-American LGBT people (/wiki/Category:African-American_LGBT_people) African-American women rappers (/wiki/Category:African-American_women_rappers) 21st-century American rappers (/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_rappers) Rappers from Queens, New York (/wiki/Category:Rappers_from_Queens,_New_York) American lesbian musicians (/wiki/Category:American_lesbian_musicians) American queer women (/wiki/Category:American_queer_women) Queer musicians (/wiki/Category:Queer_musicians) 21st-century American LGBT people (/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_LGBT_people) East Coast hip hop musicians (/wiki/Category:East_Coast_hip_hop_musicians) 21st-century African-American women (/wiki/Category:21st-century_African-American_women) 21st-century African-American musicians (/wiki/Category:21st-century_African-American_musicians) 21st-century American women rappers (/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_women_rappers) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use mdy dates from July 2015 (/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_July_2015) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Pages using infobox musical artist with associated acts (/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_musical_artist_with_associated_acts) Year of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_(living_people)) |
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Canadian clothing brand Line the Label Logo Product type Fashion knits Owner John Muscat and Jennifer Wells Produced by Line the Studio Country Canada Introduced 2000 Website www (http://www.linethelabel.com) .linethelabel (http://www.linethelabel.com) .com (http://www.linethelabel.com) Line the Label , also known as Line , [1] (#cite_note-1) is a Canadian fashion clothing brand, based in North York (/wiki/North_York) , Toronto (/wiki/Toronto) . [2] (#cite_note-2) Production takes places in Toronto and China. Line the Label claims to have a strong and loyal following from celebrities; those who have reportedly worn the brand include Sarah Jessica Parker (/wiki/Sarah_Jessica_Parker) , Kate Bosworth (/wiki/Kate_Bosworth) , Sandra Bullock (/wiki/Sandra_Bullock) , Jennifer Garner (/wiki/Jennifer_Garner) , Kate Hudson (/wiki/Kate_Hudson) , and Meghan Markle (/wiki/Meghan_Markle) . [3] (#cite_note-reuters-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-telegraph-5) History [ edit ] The brand was co-founded by John Muscat and Jennifer Wells in 2000, and acquired by fashion importer PYA a few years later. [3] (#cite_note-reuters-3) Originally based in Toronto, the brand expanded to showrooms in Vancouver (/wiki/Vancouver) , Montreal (/wiki/Montreal) and the US. The clothing is designed for women aged between 25 and 40, and described as "for the modern yet urban woman". [6] (#cite_note-vs-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) In 2014 the company's knitwear was available in over 600 shops, across boutiques and department stores, and eleven showrooms across four countries. In 2017 Muscat praised outsourcing (/wiki/Outsourcing) production to China, stating it can produce quality products and the negative connotations from 20 years ago are no longer relevant. [6] (#cite_note-vs-6) Meghan Markle (/wiki/Meghan_Markle) wore a trench coat designed by the company at the closing of the 2017 Invictus Games (/wiki/2017_Invictus_Games) . [5] (#cite_note-telegraph-5) The brand achieved international attention following the 2017 public announcement of her engagement to British Prince Harry (/wiki/Prince_Harry) , during which she wore a white jacket from the company. [3] (#cite_note-reuters-3) [5] (#cite_note-telegraph-5) Muscat renamed the jacket "The Meghan" after the actress. [8] (#cite_note-hb-8) The jacket, priced at £450, sold out online immediately; the increased traffic on the website crashed the server. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) Muscat subsequently released a statement saying it was one of Markle's favourite pieces designed by the company. [3] (#cite_note-reuters-3) See also [ edit ] Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Canada portal (/wiki/Portal:Canada) Economy of Toronto (/wiki/Economy_of_Toronto) List of companies of Canada (/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Canada) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Canadian knitwear designers John Muscat & Jennifer Wells of Line Knitwear" (https://ottawacitizen.com/life/fashion-beauty/Canadian+knitwear+designers+John+Muscat+Jennifer+Wells+Line+Knitwear/9981888/story.html) . Ottawa Citizen (/wiki/Ottawa_Citizen) . 27 June 2014 . Retrieved 4 December 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Meghan Markle Wore a Coat From Toronto's LINE the Label for Her Engagement Announcement" (http://www.complex.com/style/2017/11/meghan-markle-toronto-label) . Complex . Retrieved 1 December 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Saminather, Nichola (27 November 2017). "Small Canadian designer in spotlight as Meghan Markle dons its coat" (https://www.reuters.com/article/us-britain-royals-markle-coat/small-canadian-designer-in-spotlight-as-meghan-markle-dons-its-coat-idUSKBN1DR2GP) . Retrieved 3 December 2017 – via Reuters (/wiki/Reuters) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Designer's Website Crashes Thanks To Meghan Markle's Engagement Photos" (http://newyork.cbslocal.com/2017/11/27/meghan-markle-coat/) . CBS News (/wiki/CBS_News) . 27 November 2017 . Retrieved 2 December 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Holt, Bethan (27 November 2017). "Meghan Markle wears a coat by Canadian brand Line the Label as she poses with Prince Harry" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/people/meghan-markle-coat-canadian-brand-line-label-dress-parosh-engagement/) . The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) . Retrieved 1 December 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Style Q&A : John Muscat & Jennifer Wells are keeping it cosy" (https://vancouversun.com/life/fashion-beauty/style+john+muscat+jennifer+wells+keeping+cosy/9981887/story.html) . Vancouver Sun (/wiki/Vancouver_Sun) . 27 June 2014 . Retrieved 2 December 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Designer Spotlight – LINE Knitwear" (https://globalnews.ca/news/1214103/designer-spotlight-line-knitwear/) . Global News (/wiki/Global_News) . 18 March 2014 . Retrieved 4 December 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-hb_8-0) "This is when Meghan Markle's sell-out white engagement coat will be available to buy again" (http://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/bazaar-brides/a13935846/meghan-markles-white-engagement-coat-prompts-internet-surge/) . Harper's BAZAAR . 1 December 2017 . Retrieved 1 December 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "What Meghan Markle wore for her Nottingham visit" (http://metro.co.uk/2017/12/01/what-meghan-markle-wore-for-her-nottingham-visit-7124287/) . Metro . 1 December 2017 . Retrieved 1 December 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Countering the 'Meghan effect' (http://www.information-age.com/countering-meghan-markle-effect-retailers-123469827/) " (http://www.information-age.com/countering-meghan-markle-effect-retailers-123469827/) . Information Age . Retrieved 1 December 2017 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.linethelabel.com) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7ffdd75689‐c5zhr Cached time: 20240711201555 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.274 seconds Real time usage: 0.388 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1071/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 23911/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1065/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 40883/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.174/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5774553/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 355.485 1 -total 41.69% 148.212 1 Template:Reflist 29.41% 104.541 6 Template:Cite_news 17.80% 63.292 1 Template:Short_description 15.23% 54.129 1 Template:Portal 13.34% 47.410 1 Template:Infobox_brand 12.40% 44.090 1 Template:Infobox 10.88% 38.670 2 Template:Pagetype 4.97% 17.667 1 Template:Official_website 4.79% 17.044 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:55912830-0!canonical and timestamp 20240711201555 and revision id 1075565458. 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Morten Qvale (born 25 September 1957 in Drøbak (/wiki/Dr%C3%B8bak) ) is a Norwegian (/wiki/Norway) fashion (/wiki/Fashion_photography) , commercial (/wiki/Commercial_photography) and art (/wiki/Art_photography) photographer. He has been shooting professionally since 1986. He lives and works in the Oslo (/wiki/Oslo) area. Career [ edit ] In 1982 Qvale bought his first camera, and in 1983 he initiated Tique (/w/index.php?title=Tique_(magazine)&action=edit&redlink=1) [ no (https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tique) ] , Norway's first international fashion magazine. As the editor-in-chief at Tique , Qvale had the opportunity to learn from experienced fashion photographers such as Guy Bourdin (/wiki/Guy_Bourdin) , Bill King, Terence Donovan (/wiki/Terence_Donovan_(photographer)) and Knut Bry (/wiki/Knut_Bry) . He soon began creating his own photographs. [1] (#cite_note-1) In order to pursue his career in photography, Qvale left Tique and moved on to shooting international campaigns for clients such as Oscar de la Renta (/wiki/Oscar_de_la_Renta) , Jordache (/wiki/Jordache) , Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) , H&M (/wiki/H%26M) , Reebok (/wiki/Reebok) and editorial clients such as Vanity Fair (/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)) , Elle International (/wiki/Elle_International) , L'officiel , and Schön . Celebrities, such as Claudia Schiffer (/wiki/Claudia_Schiffer) , Helena Christensen (/wiki/Helena_Christensen) , Anna Nicole Smith (/wiki/Anna_Nicole_Smith) , Dita Von Teese (/wiki/Dita_Von_Teese) , Donald Sutherland (/wiki/Donald_Sutherland) and Calvin Klein (/wiki/Calvin_Klein) , are among the people he has photographed. [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) He has also directed several commercials for Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) , Synsam, Garnier (/wiki/Garnier) , Kristian Aadnevik (/wiki/Kristian_Aadnevik) , and music videos for Tone Damli (/wiki/Tone_Damli) , Lars Jones, Sichelle (/wiki/Sichelle) , and Elisabeth Andreassen (/wiki/Elisabeth_Andreassen) . [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Qvale is one of Hasselblad (/wiki/Hasselblad) 's featured users. [6] (#cite_note-6) Qvale had his first solo exhibition with Shot in a tent during the Norwegian International Film Festival (/wiki/Norwegian_International_Film_Festival) in 2000. The exhibition showcased 30 celebrity photographs he had captured during the 1999 festival. It was also exhibited at the Norwegian Film Institute (/wiki/Norwegian_Film_Institute) in Oslo in 2000. In 2005 and 2007 Qvale had two separate solo exhibitions at Kunsthuset gallery. [7] (#cite_note-7) In 2012 he participated in the group exhibition Motefotografi - Tradisjon og nyskapning at Preus Museum (/wiki/Preus_Museum) . [8] (#cite_note-8) His photography of both landscapes and nudes is sold to art collectors world wide, mainly through his gallery, Qvale Galleri. In 2013 Qvale opened the Qvale Galleri in Oslo, where he in 2014 opened an exhibition with the photographer Albert Watson (/wiki/Albert_Watson_(photographer)) . [9] (#cite_note-9) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Nordic Light International Festival of Photography. "Morten Qvale" (https://web.archive.org/web/20141109153213/http://www.nle.no/morten-qvale/) . www.nle.no . Archived from the original (http://www.nle.no/morten-qvale/) on 9 November 2014 . Retrieved 13 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Nordic Light International Festival of Photography. "Morten Qvale" (https://web.archive.org/web/20141109153213/http://www.nle.no/morten-qvale/) . www.nle.no . Archived from the original (http://www.nle.no/morten-qvale/) on 9 November 2014 . Retrieved 13 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Portfolio" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140714123220/http://www.mortenqvale.no/?page_id=21) . www.mortenqvale.no . Archived from the original (http://www.mortenqvale.no/?page_id=21) on 14 July 2014 . Retrieved 13 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "About Morten Qvale" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140714180528/http://www.mortenqvale.no/?page_id=7) . www.mortenqvale.no . Archived from the original (http://www.mortenqvale.no/?page_id=7) on 14 July 2014 . Retrieved 10 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Film" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140714164735/http://www.mortenqvale.no/?page_id=9) . www.mortenqvale.no . Archived from the original (http://www.mortenqvale.no/?page_id=9) on 14 July 2014 . Retrieved 13 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Hasselblad. "Hasselblad Photographers" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140714201708/http://www.hasselblad.com/hasselblad-owners-club/hasselblad-photographers.aspx) . www.hasselblad.com . Archived from the original (http://www.hasselblad.com/hasselblad-owners-club/hasselblad-photographers.aspx?) on 14 July 2014 . Retrieved 11 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Foto. "Morten Qvale i Kunsthuset" (https://foto.no/cgi-bin/articles/articleView.cgi?articleId=39528) . www.foto.no . Retrieved 13 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Fotografi. "Motefotografi hos Preus" (http://www.fotografi.no/arkiv/motefotografi-hos-preus) . www.fotografi.no . Retrieved 13 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Qvale Galleri. "Albert Watson" (http://qvalegalleri.no/fotografer/albert-watson/) . www.qvalegalleri.no . Retrieved 13 July 2014 . External links [ edit ] Qvale Galleri (http://qvalegalleri.no) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) : Artists KulturNav (http://kulturnav.org/22b38a15-8072-4b84-87cc-88b2ce970231) Photographers' Identities (https://pic.nypl.org/constituents/410824) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐6b6dc5f4bc‐jqhs8 Cached time: 20240716053033 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.323 seconds Real time usage: 0.490 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 595/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 15673/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 134/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 37295/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.239/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3959236/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 457.068 1 -total 48.62% 222.236 1 Template:Authority_control_(arts) 40.55% 185.341 1 Template:Reflist 34.33% 156.905 9 Template:Cite_web 9.46% 43.249 1 Template:Interlanguage_link_multi 7.63% 34.859 1 Template:Separated_entries 0.55% 2.493 2 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:43265359-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716053033 and revision id 1064155343. 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1950 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1950) 1951 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1951) 1952 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1952) 1953 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1953) 1954 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1954) 1955 1956 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1956) 1957 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1957) 1958 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1958) 1959 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1959) 1960 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1960) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐bbb5c5448‐8fmnn Cached time: 20240718083523 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.090 seconds Real time usage: 0.126 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 38/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1906/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 5/100 Expensive parser function count: 11/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3073/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.067/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 933782/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 118.635 1 Template:Navseasoncats 100.00% 118.635 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:56753173-0!canonical and timestamp 20240718083523 and revision id 974955175. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Clothing companies established in 1955" The following 3 pages are in this category, out of 3 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Atomic Skis (/wiki/Atomic_Skis) L Lisca (company) (/wiki/Lisca_(company)) W Watersun Swimwear (/wiki/Watersun_Swimwear) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1955&oldid=974955175 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1955&oldid=974955175) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1950s fashion (/wiki/Category:1950s_fashion) Clothing companies by year of establishment (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_by_year_of_establishment) Design companies established in 1955 (/wiki/Category:Design_companies_established_in_1955) Manufacturing companies established in 1955 (/wiki/Category:Manufacturing_companies_established_in_1955) Clothing companies established in the 20th century (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_the_20th_century) |
This file does not require a rating on Wikipedia's content assessment (/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_assessment) scale. It is of interest to the following WikiProjects (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject) : Turkey (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Turkey) Turkey portal (/wiki/Portal:Turkey) This file is within the scope of WikiProject Turkey (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Turkey) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Turkey (/wiki/Turkey) and related topics (/wiki/Index_of_Turkey-related_articles) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Turkey) and see a list of open tasks. Turkey Wikipedia:WikiProject Turkey Template:WikiProject Turkey Turkey articles Islam (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Islam) Islam portal (/wiki/Portal:Islam) This file is within the scope of WikiProject Islam (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Islam) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Islam (/wiki/Islam) -related articles on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Islam) and see a list of open tasks. Islam Wikipedia:WikiProject Islam Template:WikiProject Islam Islam-related articles Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) This file is within the scope of WikiProject Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Fashion) and see a list of open tasks. Fashion Wikipedia:WikiProject Fashion Template:WikiProject Fashion fashion articles NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐844cd986b8‐4vtck Cached time: 20240722144013 Cache expiry: 864000 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] DiscussionTools time usage: 0.007 seconds CPU time usage: 0.168 seconds Real time usage: 0.250 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 591/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 23701/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 62/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 16/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 17164/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.122/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2267883/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 217.252 1 Template:WikiProjectBannerShell 100.00% 217.252 1 -total 49.01% 106.481 1 Template:WikiProject_Turkey 11.04% 23.983 1 Template:WikiProject_Islam 7.53% 16.349 1 Template:WikiProject_Fashion 2.01% 4.370 3 Template:Pagetype 1.74% 3.770 1 Template:Tl 0.53% 1.142 2 Template:Nowrap Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:68327302-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722144013 and revision id 1035576592. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File_talk:Khalili_Collection_Hajj_and_Arts_of_Pilgrimage_Talismanic_shirt.jpg&oldid=1035576592 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File_talk:Khalili_Collection_Hajj_and_Arts_of_Pilgrimage_Talismanic_shirt.jpg&oldid=1035576592) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : File-Class Turkey articles (/wiki/Category:File-Class_Turkey_articles) NA-importance Turkey articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_Turkey_articles) All WikiProject Turkey pages (/wiki/Category:All_WikiProject_Turkey_pages) FM-Class Islam-related articles (/wiki/Category:FM-Class_Islam-related_articles) NA-importance Islam-related articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_Islam-related_articles) WikiProject Islam articles (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_Islam_articles) File-Class fashion articles (/wiki/Category:File-Class_fashion_articles) NA-importance fashion articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_fashion_articles) |
Taiwanese actor and male model In this Chinese name (/wiki/Chinese_name) , the family name (/wiki/Chinese_surname) is Ding . Sphinx Ting or Ting Chun-cheng ( Chinese (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters) : 丁春誠 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : Dīng Chūnchéng [1] (#cite_note-1) ) is a Taiwanese (/wiki/Taiwan) actor and male model (/wiki/Male_model) . [2] (#cite_note-2) TV series and music videos. He has earned the title "fashion 4" (shortened to F4) due to his fashion experience with Godfrey Gao (/wiki/Godfrey_Gao) , Victor, and Gaby. They made a show for YKsuit in winter of 2008. In 2009, the four published a book meet fashion 4 . He also has his own brand: "Doris Bella". Ding was born in a rich family. His father Ding Sanguang owns a giant company. The first magazine he shot was CQ (/w/index.php?title=CQ_Magazine&action=edit&redlink=1) which fulfilled his childhood dreams. Filmography [ edit ] TV series [ edit ] Year Name Chinese name Role 2007 Bull Fighting (TV series) (/wiki/Bull_Fighting_(TV_series)) 鬥牛要不要 Roma 2009 Momo Love (/wiki/Momo_Love) 桃花小妹 Chen Zhuan 2010 Love in Taichung 愛在台中 Fang Yasi 2010 4 Gifts 女王不下班 Zhangyang 2011 Zhen Ai Bei Ling 珍愛北林 [3] (#cite_note-3) Dan Bang Wang 2019 River Flows To You (/w/index.php?title=River_Flows_To_You&action=edit&redlink=1) 2020 Futmalls.com (/wiki/Futmalls.com) 預支未來 Zhuang Yun 2023 Oh No! Here Comes Trouble (/wiki/Oh_No!_Here_Comes_Trouble) 不良執念清除師 Xie Hui Films [ edit ] Year Title 2011 Shadows of Love 2014 Bugs (/wiki/Bugs_(2014_film)) 2015 Detective Gui 2018 Love, What Do You Want to Say? [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Music videos [ edit ] S.H.E (/wiki/S.H.E) MV Can't Find It(找不到) (2004) Gigi Leung (/wiki/Gigi_Leung) MV The Love Song For Myself'' (给自己的情歌) (2006) Joey Yung (/wiki/Joey_Yung) MV Milk (牛奶) (2007) A-Lin (/wiki/A-Lin) MV Before and After (以前以后) (2009) Jam Hsiao (/wiki/Jam_Hsiao) MV How Can I Say Love (怎么说我不爱你) (2009) Landy Wen (/wiki/Landy_Wen) MV Don't love me (2009) TV programs [ edit ] 2006/01/29 Mala PALACE theme: date with actoress section B 2006/06/21 Mala PALACE theme: super hot male model 2006/10/24 The Handsome Chief 2006/10/26 The Handsome Chief 2007/01/10 Mala PALACE theme: the superstar in rich family 2008/02/01 Shen Chunhua lifeshow 2008/05/07 Kang Xi is Coming theme: My classmates are rich people 2008/05/29 Three Pigs theme: Let's make friends with Fashion 4 2008/06/10 Kang Xi is Coming theme: Fashion 4 2008/08/04 Make a Wish theme: let's have a summer holiday 2008/09/04 As a College Student theme: We also have tough time 2009/04/17 I Love Black Group 2009/04/24 Helping Guo Guang 2009/05/02 Guess!Guess!Guess! theme: Barbie 2009/05/08 Challenge 101 2009/05/12 Kang Xi is Coming theme: Help us in Fellowship 2009/10/14 Kang Xi is Coming theme: MOMO LOVE 2009/10/21 As a College Student theme: How to find true love 2009/10/27 Awarding 2009/10/29 Entertainment for 100% 2009/12/05 Enjoy Your Weekend theme: Bling Bling things 2010/03/04 Kang Xi is Coming theme: Speak out your love 2010/03/05 Million of Class 2010/10/20 SS Night of Yan sister References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Sphinx Ting the WEB for group of fans to support Spinx Ting (http://sphinx.5d6d.com/bbs.php) ^ (#cite_ref-2) Lee, Min. (2011, May 27). SKorea's Kwon Sang-woo eyes Chinese film career (https://web.archive.org/web/20121102131050/http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9NFS0CG0.htm) . Associated Press. Business Week . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Ding in zhen ai lin bei chinese web (http://yule.sohu.com/20110921/n320065430.shtml) ^ (#cite_ref-4) Sphinx Ting at hkmdb.com (http://hkmdb.com/db/people/view.mhtml?id=54610&display_set=eng) ^ (#cite_ref-5) Sphinx Ting at chinesemov.com (http://chinesemov.com/actors/Sphinx%20Ting.html) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐dfb86547b‐ltzzt Cached time: 20240710144109 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.070 seconds Real time usage: 0.176 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 413/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2908/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 580/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3232/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.028/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1356795/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 160.115 1 -total 76.14% 121.919 1 Template:Short_description 49.31% 78.947 3 Template:Main_other 48.23% 77.217 1 Template:SDcat 20.95% 33.547 2 Template:Pagetype 12.32% 19.730 1 Template:Family_name_hatnote 8.05% 12.886 1 Template:Family_name_explanation/core 7.02% 11.241 1 Template:Hatnote 6.80% 10.892 1 Template:Reflist 2.96% 4.740 1 Template:Zh Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:33136309-0!canonical and timestamp 20240710144109 and revision id 1224434332. 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American clothing company Betabrand Industry Fashion Founded 2010 Founder Chris Lindland Headquarters San Francisco (/wiki/San_Francisco) , United States (/wiki/United_States) Products Dress Pant Yoga Pants, Yoga Denim, Work & Travel Apparel Website www.betabrand.com (https://www.betabrand.com/) Betabrand is an online women's clothing company based in San Francisco's Mission district, known for Dress Pant Yoga Pants and other activewear for work and travel. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Betabrand customers participate in the design process by voting on new apparel concepts and providing feedback, helping the company rapidly bring new products to market. [3] (#cite_note-3) Products are launched in weekly live shows, where designers field questions from fans in an interactive, chat-based experience. [4] (#cite_note-4) History [ edit ] The company began as Cordarounds in 2005, designing corduroy (/wiki/Corduroy) pants with wales aligned horizontally instead of vertically. [5] (#cite_note-5) After years of expanding its product offerings — these included Bike-To-Work Commuter Pants and Black Sheep Sweaters, made from the wool of actual black sheep — the company was renamed Betabrand in 2010. [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) The goal was to build a brand that behaves like a social network, where consumers interact with Betabrand designers as well as one another to inform and accelerate the design process. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) The company has since released more than 1,000 products, including collaborations with brands and celebrities like Timberland (/wiki/The_Timberland_Company) , The North Face (/wiki/The_North_Face) , Vivo Barefoot (/wiki/Vivobarefoot) , Margaret Cho (/wiki/Margaret_Cho) , Bill Murray (/wiki/Bill_Murray) , and DJ Chris Holmes. [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) Betabrand officially launched its women's line in 2013 with a Dress Pant Yoga Pants campaign featuring only models with PhDs. [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) Subsequent marketing efforts have aimed to reinforce the brand's digital identity. Notable examples include the Mark Zuckerberg (/wiki/Mark_Zuckerberg) -inspired Executive Hoodie, released ahead of Facebook's IPO, as well as Silicon Valley Fashion Week? and Podcast Theatre. [20] (#cite_note-20) [21] (#cite_note-21) [22] (#cite_note-22) [23] (#cite_note-23) [24] (#cite_note-24) In September 2013, the brand opened up a crowdsourced system, incorporating both in-house ideas and ideas sent by third-part designers. [25] (#cite_note-25) In April 2020, during the COVID-19 lockdown, Betabrand hosted a "Work From Home Fashion Show" and social shopping event on its website. [26] (#cite_note-26) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Hallett, Vicky (December 31, 2013). "Workout Wear Friday" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/wellness/workout-wear-friday/2013/12/30/50ea53cc-6dc5-11e3-a523-fe73f0ff6b8d_story.html) . The Washington Post . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Stone, Madeline. "These Comfy Work Clothes Are The Latest Thing In Startup Fashion" (https://www.businessinsider.com/techie-fashion-betabrand-2014-5) . Business Insider . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Binkley, Christina (April 27, 2016). "Crowdsourcing Opens Up Fashion Brands" (https://www.wsj.com/articles/crowdsourcing-opens-up-fashion-brands-1461778931) . Wall Street Journal . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0099-9660 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660) . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Betabrand begins livestreaming product drops" (https://www.mobilemarketer.com/news/betabrand-begins-livestreaming-product-drops/566518/) . Mobile Marketer . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Krantz, Michael (February 13, 2005). "Sideways: Now It's a Corduroy" (https://www.nytimes.com/2005/02/13/fashion/sideways-now-its-a-corduroy.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Leckart, Steven (June 26, 2009). "Review: Cordarounds Bike-to-Work Pants" (https://www.wired.com/2009/06/pr-cordarounds-bikepants/) . Wired . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1059-1028 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1059-1028) . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Wallace, Amy (October 30, 2010). "Whimsy (and Clothes) for Sale" (https://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/31/business/31proto.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Smith, Matt. "Chris Lindland uses memes to sell pants" (https://archives.sfweekly.com/sanfrancisco/chris-lindland-uses-memes-to-sell-pants/Content?oid=2177102) . SF Weekly . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Schulte, Erin (September 20, 2011). "Betabrand's Chris Lindland Inspires Fans To Experience–Not Just Wear–Fashion" (https://www.fastcompany.com/1781331/betabrands-chris-lindland-inspires-fans-experience-not-just-wear-fashion) . Fast Company . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Lowensohn, Josh (February 20, 2014). "Sink or sew: how Betabrand turns crazy ideas into real clothing" (https://www.theverge.com/2014/2/20/5430460/move-fast-and-sew-things-how-betabrand-turns-crazy-ideas-into-real-stuff) . The Verge . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Rabimov, Stephan. "Betabrand: Who's Calling the Shots On Fashion?" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/stephanrabimov/2018/03/28/betabrand-whos-calling-the-shots-on-fashion/) . Forbes . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Binkley, Christina (April 27, 2016). "Crowdsourcing Opens Up Fashion Brands" (https://www.wsj.com/articles/crowdsourcing-opens-up-fashion-brands-1461778931) . Wall Street Journal . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0099-9660 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660) . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Rabimov, Stephan. "Betabrand: Who's Calling the Shots On Fashion?" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/stephanrabimov/2018/03/28/betabrand-whos-calling-the-shots-on-fashion/) . Forbes . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "These Minimalist Weather-Resistant Boots Might Be the Perfect Fall Footwear" (https://www.inverse.com/article/58237-vivobarefoot-fulham-boots-minimalist-shoes) . Inverse . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Friedman, Vanessa (February 10, 2015). "The Olsen Twins, Victoria Beckham, Margaret Cho? (This Is Not a Joke)" (https://runway.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/02/10/the-olsen-twins-victoria-beckham-margaret-cho-this-is-not-a-joke/) . On the Runway Blog . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Quick — Bill Murray Needs Your Help to Bring Back Bell Bottoms for Boys" (https://www.usmagazine.com/stylish/news/bill-murray-launches-william-murray-gold-betabrand-bell-bottoms/) . Us Weekly . February 8, 2018 . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Stinson, Liz (February 11, 2015). "Paparazzi-Proof Clothing That's Embedded With Reflective Glass" (https://www.wired.com/2015/02/paparazzi-proof-clothing-thats-embedded-reflective-glass/) . Wired . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1059-1028 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1059-1028) . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Elliott, Stuart (April 11, 2014). "Models With Doctorates" (https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/13/education/edlife/models-with-doctorates.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "This Clothing Company's Spring Collection Is Modeled by Women With PhDs" (https://time.com/20362/this-clothing-companys-spring-collection-is-modeled-by-women-with-phds/) . Time . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "The Answer to All Mark Zuckerberg's Wall Street Problems: Betabrand's Executive Pinstripe Hoodie" (http://social.techcrunch.com/2012/05/10/executive-hoodie/) . TechCrunch . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Mark Zuckerberg Should Have Worn This Executive Pinstripe Suit Hoodie to His Wedding" (https://gizmodo.com/mark-zuckerberg-should-have-worn-this-executive-pinstri-5911838) . Gizmodo . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Kavilanz, Parija (October 20, 2016). "Betabrand throws a fashion show in Silicon Valley that trots out startup-friendly styles" (https://money.cnn.com/2016/10/20/technology/silicon-valley-fashion-week-betabrand/index.html) . CNNMoney . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) Safronova, Valeriya (October 24, 2016). "Silicon Valley Fashion Week Is No Joke" (https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/25/fashion/silicon-valley-fashion-week.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Talbot, Kate. "Betabrand's Podcast Theatre: How The Audio Revolution Is Influencing Retail" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/katetalbot/2019/05/21/betabrands-podcast-theatre-how-the-audio-revolution-is-influencing-retail/) . Forbes . Retrieved March 5, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Lowensohn, Josh (February 20, 2014). "Sink or sew: how Betabrand turns crazy ideas into real clothing" (https://www.theverge.com/2014/2/20/5430460/move-fast-and-sew-things-how-betabrand-turns-crazy-ideas-into-real-stuff) . The Verge . Retrieved May 6, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) Moore, Booth (April 10, 2020). "Betabrand to Host 'Work From Home' Digital Fashion Show, Social Shopping Event" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/betabrand-work-from-home-digital-fashion-show-1203559386/) . WWD . Retrieved May 6, 2020 . 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The traditional dress of the people of Ukraine Ukrainian man and woman wearing traditional clothing Ukrainian national clothing is the clothing worn by people living in Ukraine, mainly ethnic Ukrainians. The most famous Ukrainian clothing items are the embroidered shirt ( vyshyvanka (/wiki/Vyshyvanka) ), a cloth sash and a vinok flower crown (/wiki/Ukrainian_wreath) . The clothing styles differed between the four macroregions of Ukraine: Polissia, Lisostep, Step and Carpathians. [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20112-1) Traditional clothing differentiated people by gender and social status, by place of residence and wealth. [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20112-1) Shirts [ edit ] The embroidered sorochka shirt ( Ukrainian (/wiki/Ukrainian_language) : сорочка ), also known as vyshyvanka (/wiki/Vyshyvanka) , is the most important element of the Ukrainian costume. [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20112-1) Vyshyvankas were typically made from hemp of linen and differed significantly between regions, in both cut (/wiki/Cut_(clothing)) and decor. [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20112-1) The earliest vyshyvankas appeared in Ukrainian villages in the middle of the 18th century despite the fact that Ukrainian embroidery is known from 10 to 11 centuries, but it is limited to goldwork (/wiki/Goldwork_(embroidery)) for the feudal nobility. [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20112-1) After villagers started making vyshyvankas, they acquired a new symbolic meaning as magic talismans and even started being seen as wearer's substitution: for example, selling one's own vyshyvanka would result in selling one's happiness. [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20112−3-2) Wedding shirts were especially prominent: they had a lot of symbolic adornments and had to be made from a single piece of fabric; one of the wedding traditions was the exchange of the groom's wedding shirt made by the bride for the bride's footwear, another one included newlyweds wiping their hands with their spouse's shirt after the marriage's consummation (/wiki/Consummation) . [3] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20113-3) Wedding shirts were kept for the rest of the person's life as amulets and put into the woman's grave after her death. [3] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20113-3) The typical silhouette of a Ukrainian shirt included a long straight sleeve (/wiki/Sleeve) that ends with a wristband cuff (/wiki/Cuff) ; the typical adornment was located at the cuff, the sleeve above the elbow and the shoulder, which is a custom adopted from Byzantium (/wiki/Byzantine_dress) along with Christianity (/wiki/Christianity_in_Ukraine) . [3] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20113-3) The cut, colours, sewing and decorating techniques, the shape of the collar, the sleeve's shape and manner of attachment to the body are varied between regions. [3] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20113-3) Sorochyntsi Fair (/wiki/Sorochyntsi_Fair) A reconstruction of the early 20th century costume Ukrainian politician in a vyshyvanka Graduation day in the Chortkiv Medical College Sashes and head coverings [ edit ] "Cossack fairy tales and folk-tales", the unsashed character Oh Sashes were also used as symbols: of fertility, libido and child-bearing, as well as a representation of protection, unity and connectedness. [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20114-4) Folklore characters who wore no belt were considered dangerous, such as witches and chthonic (/wiki/Chthonic) monsters like berehynias (/wiki/Berehynia) , mermaids (/wiki/Mermaid) and mavkas (/wiki/Mavka) . [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20114-4) People believed that stepping over a red wedding cloth sash would ease childbirth. [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20114-4) Other than red cloth, a wedding sash could be made of an embroidered rushnyk (/wiki/Rushnyk) cloth, especially with the Tree of life (/wiki/Tree_of_life) pattern. [5] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20115-5) Vinok , or the wreath (/wiki/Ukrainian_wreath) , is the third national symbol of Ukraine. [5] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20115-5) Flower crowns were worn by unmarried women and brides during the wedding, but the symbolic meaning of the wreath is wider: vinok is an ancient pagan talisman, it is used in the winter holiday season divination (/w/index.php?title=Winter_holiday_season_divination&action=edit&redlink=1) [ uk (https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F) ] and other rituals. [5] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20115-5) In winter time, wreaths were made from hay, wool, feathers and dried plants and leaves. [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20116-6) Regional vinok variants include the feathered karabulya ( Ukrainian (/wiki/Ukrainian_language) : карабуля ) from Carpathian Bukovina (/wiki/Bukovina) , silk ribbon wreaths of Kyiv (/wiki/Kyiv_Oblast) and Poltava (/wiki/Poltava_Oblast) oblasts and others. [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20116-6) The married women's head covering, ochipok (/wiki/Ochipok) , was mainly an indicator of the wearer's marital status: she had to cover her hair after the wedding ceremony. [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20116-6) The ochipok was in turn often covered by a piece of cloth (a namitka wimple or a khustka kerchief). [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20117-7) Hutzul. Piotr Stachiewicz (/wiki/Piotr_Stachiewicz) Namitky wimples and male haircuts from Bukovyna (/wiki/Bukovyna) Ukrainian girl by Nikolay Rachkov (/w/index.php?title=Nikolay_Rachkov&action=edit&redlink=1) wearing a wreath and a vyshyvanka Shoes [ edit ] Polissya (/wiki/Polesia) Ukrainians wore bast shoes (/wiki/Bast_shoe) ( lychaky ) while Carpathians (/wiki/Carpathian_Ruthenia) had their postoly shoes made from leather; choboty boots with a seamed or seamless shaft were popular throughout Ukraine. [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20117-7) The groom gifted choboty to the bride and her mother; this custom is centered at the Christmas Eve (/wiki/Christmas_Eve_(Gogol)) story by Nikolai Gogol (/wiki/Nikolai_Gogol) . [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20118-8) They were also featured in many winter divination rituals. [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20118-8) The cherevyky ( Ukrainian (/wiki/Ukrainian_language) : черевики ) dress boots (/wiki/Dress_boot) made from leather and colourful Saffian (/wiki/Morocco_leather) became popular among villagers in the 19 century. [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20117-7) The colour of the materials would inform the name of the whole garment: green ( zelenі ) cherevyky were called zelenytsi ( Ukrainian (/wiki/Ukrainian_language) : зелениці ) while the Poltava yellow-and-black ones were known as chornobryvtsi ( marigolds (/wiki/Tagetes_patula) ). [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20118-8) Young woman by Mykola Pymonenko (/wiki/Mykola_Pymonenko) wearing an ochipok (/wiki/Ochipok) and cherevyky Ukrainians wearing different boots Outer garments [ edit ] Kozhukh (/wiki/Kozhukh) fur coats are prominent in Ukrainian culture as fertility-related symbols: the kozhukh turned inside out covered the bench from which the parents blessed their children's wedding; it also covered the seat of the bride during the unbraiding and the marital bed. [9] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20119-9) A kozhukh worn wrong side out was worn by the bride's mother before the marriage. [9] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20119-9) Kozhukhs could be decorated with black and grey wool, appliqué (/wiki/Appliqu%C3%A9) , embroidery and sewn-up colourful stings. [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20118-8) Women from Chernihiv region Ukraine wearing kozhukhs Embroidered kozhukh , 19 century Colour and motifs [ edit ] A Hutsul wearing a vyshyvanka under a vest The most prominent colour of Ukrainian clothing is red. [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна201111-10) It can be found in every region, especially on festive clothing where it dominates. [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна201111-10) Polesian (/wiki/Polesia) daily clothing is also decorated with red and white ornaments while Podoliyan (/wiki/Podolia) costume was mainly using black and white; Hutsuls (/wiki/Hutsuls) used a lot of orange and yellow while the clothing of Carpathian Ruthenia (/wiki/Carpathian_Ruthenia) and Lemko Region (/wiki/Lemko_Region) employed blue even on festive wear. [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна201111-10) Ukrainian embroidery (/wiki/Ukrainian_embroidery) decorated various items of clothing; historically, the most popular techniques were types of counted-thread embroidery (/wiki/Counted-thread_embroidery) such as pattern darning (/wiki/Darning) (both linework nyz and brickwork zanyzuvannya ) and satin stitch (/wiki/Satin_stitch) , but later they lost their popularity due to the rise of cross-stitch (/wiki/Cross-stitch) embroidery. [11] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна201111-12-11) The typical motifs for clothing are geometric (lines, squares and diamonds; it is the most ancient type) and floral (mostly employed in the Western parts of Ukraine). [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна201111-10) Starting from the 1880s, Ukrainians added popular motifs printed in fashion magazines to their embroidery repertoire. [12] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна201112-12) Regional clothing [ edit ] Lisostep [ edit ] The Lisostep region (/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_forest-steppe&action=edit&redlink=1) [ uk (https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF) ] includes Volhyn (/wiki/Volhynian_folk_costume) , Galicia (/wiki/Galicia_(Eastern_Europe)) , Opillia (/wiki/Opillia) , Podolia, the Middle Dnieper region, Poltavshchyna (/wiki/Poltava_Oblast) and Slobozhanshchyna (/wiki/Sloboda_Ukraine) . [13] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна2011158-13) The typical Lisostep clothing ensemble includes a variety of sleeveless garments worn with wide or fitted skirts for women and trousers for men. [14] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна201113-14) The clothes are colourful and have both geometric and floral ornaments. [14] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна201113-14) Polissia [ edit ] The Polesia region includes Volhynian Polissya, Zhytomyr Polissya, Kyiv Polissia, Chernihiv Polissya and Novhorod-Siversky Polissya. [13] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна2011158-13) The clothing of this region has Polish, Belarusian and Russian influences. [15] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20132-15) Steppe [ edit ] The Ukrainian Steppe (/wiki/Ukrainian_steppe) [ uk (https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF) ] comprises Budjak (/wiki/Budjak) , the Odesa Region (/wiki/Odesa_Oblast) , the Lower Dnieper, Tauria, the Sea of Azov (/wiki/Sea_of_Azov) region and Crimea (/wiki/Crimea) . [13] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна2011158-13) It includes many influences from Moldovan (/wiki/Romanian_dress) , Bulgarian (/w/index.php?title=Bulgatian_traditional_clothing&action=edit&redlink=1) , Greek (/w/index.php?title=Greek_traditional_clothing&action=edit&redlink=1) , Crimean Tatar (/w/index.php?title=Crimean_Tatar_traditional_clothing&action=edit&redlink=1) and Russian (/wiki/Russian_traditional_clothing) traditional clothing, but the information about the dress of the early steppe Ukrainians is very limited. [16] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна201114-16) Carpathians [ edit ] The Carpathian macroregion includes the Lemko Region (/wiki/Lemko_Region) , Boyko Region, Transcarpathia, Pokuttia (/wiki/Pokuttia) , Hutsulshchina and Bukovina (/wiki/Bukovina) . [13] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна2011158-13) Local clothing traditions carry influences from Polish (/wiki/National_costumes_of_Poland) , Slovak, Hungarian and Romanian (/wiki/Romanian_dress) clothing. [15] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20132-15) The Carpathian embroidery is colourful and includes many floral motifs. [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна20132-3-17) [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEКосміна201111-10) Notes [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Косміна 2011 (#CITEREFКосміна2011) , p. 2. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEКосміна20112−3_2-0) Косміна 2011 (#CITEREFКосміна2011) , p. 2−3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Косміна 2011 (#CITEREFКосміна2011) , p. 3. ^ Jump up to: a b c Косміна 2011 (#CITEREFКосміна2011) , p. 4. ^ Jump up to: a b c Косміна 2011 (#CITEREFКосміна2011) , p. 5. ^ Jump up to: a b c Косміна 2011 (#CITEREFКосміна2011) , p. 6. ^ Jump up to: a b c Косміна 2011 (#CITEREFКосміна2011) , p. 7. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Косміна 2011 (#CITEREFКосміна2011) , p. 8. ^ Jump up to: a b Косміна 2011 (#CITEREFКосміна2011) , p. 9. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Косміна 2011 (#CITEREFКосміна2011) , p. 11. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEКосміна201111-12_11-0) Косміна 2011 (#CITEREFКосміна2011) , p. 11-12. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEКосміна201112_12-0) Косміна 2011 (#CITEREFКосміна2011) , p. 12. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Косміна 2011 (#CITEREFКосміна2011) , p. 158. ^ Jump up to: a b Косміна 2011 (#CITEREFКосміна2011) , p. 13. ^ Jump up to: a b Косміна 2013 (#CITEREFКосміна2013) , p. 2. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEКосміна201114_16-0) Косміна 2011 (#CITEREFКосміна2011) , p. 14. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEКосміна20132-3_17-0) Косміна 2013 (#CITEREFКосміна2013) , p. 2-3. References [ edit ] Косміна, Оксана (https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%AE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%97%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0) [in Ukrainian] (2011). Традиційне вбрання українців . Vol. 1. Балтія-Друк. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 966-8137-51-5 . Косміна, Оксана (https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%AE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%97%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0) [in Ukrainian] (2013). Традиційне вбрання українців . Vol. 2. Балтія-Друк. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 966-8137-51-5 . 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A black silk poke bonnet, trimmed with velvet and tulle circa 1815 Late 1810s French cartoon lampooning the poke bonnet A poke bonnet (sometimes also referred to as a Neapolitan bonnet or simply as a poke ) is a women's bonnet (/wiki/Bonnet_(headgear)) , featuring a small crown and wide and rounded front brim. Typically this extends beyond the face. It has been suggested that the name came about because the bonnet was designed in such a way that the wearer's hair could be contained within the bonnet. [1] (#cite_note-NGA_poke-1) Poke may also refer to the brim itself, which jutted out beyond the wearer's face. [2] (#cite_note-Collins_definition-2) Characteristics [ edit ] There were many variations of the style, which remained popular throughout much of the 19th century. [3] (#cite_note-Dictionary_of_Costume_and_Fashion_Brooks_Picken-3) The Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) notes that the poke usually had a small crown combined with a large brim extending beyond the face, providing a large surface for decoration. [4] (#cite_note-Met_Poke-4) This prominent brim shaded the face and, over time increased in size so that the wearer's face could only be seen from the front. [5] (#cite_note-Encyclopædia_Britannica-5) Typically, the bonnet would be secured by ribbons tied under the chin, which might also wrap around the bottom of the bonnet's crown, similar to a hatband (/wiki/Hat#Parts_of_a_hat) . An 1830s version of the poke bonnet with ornate ribbon wrapping forms part of the Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) archive. [6] (#cite_note-VAM_poke_bonnet-6) 1838 Swedish fashion magazine showing wide brimmed versions of the poke History of the design [ edit ] The poke bonnet came into fashion at the beginning of the 19th century. It is first mentioned in an 1807 fashion report in The Times (/wiki/The_Times) ; the report describes designs made of willow (/wiki/Willow) or velvet (/wiki/Velvet) with long ribbons and full bows on one side of the hat. [7] (#cite_note-The_Times_7219-7) By the 1830s, Englishwomen had adopted the poke bonnet. The new styles became widely popular and made the aristocracy less visibly distinct from the respectable middle classes. [8] (#cite_note-8) The style is modest and was in line with English (/wiki/England) fashions after the ascension of Queen Victoria (/wiki/Queen_Victoria) . [9] (#cite_note-9) A poke bonnet features prominently in the illustrations of Beatrix Potter (/wiki/Beatrix_Potter) 's Tale of Jemima Puddle-Duck (/wiki/The_Tale_of_Jemima_Puddle-Duck) . Another appears in the First World War (/wiki/World_War_I) -era music hall song "In your little poke bonnet and shawl". [10] (#cite_note-NLA_song-10) See also [ edit ] Salvation Army bonnet (/wiki/Salvation_Army_bonnet) Coal scuttle bonnet (/wiki/Coal_scuttle_bonnet) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-NGA_poke_1-0) "Poke Bonnet" (https://www.nga.gov/collection/gallery/iadcost/iadcost-15044.html) . nga.gov . National Gallery of Art . Retrieved 23 July 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-Collins_definition_2-0) "Poke" (https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/poke#poke_2) . collinsdictionary.com . Collins Dictionary . Retrieved 23 July 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-Dictionary_of_Costume_and_Fashion_Brooks_Picken_3-0) Brooks Picken, Mary (1999). A Dictionary of Costume and Fashion: Historic and Modern (1999 ed.). United States: Dover Publications. p. 27 (https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofcost0000pick/page/27) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0486402940 . Retrieved 22 July 2015 . coal scuttle bonnet. ^ (#cite_ref-Met_Poke_4-0) "Poke bonnet" (http://www.metmuseum.org/collection/the-collection-online/search/156141) . metmuseum.org . Metropolitan Museum of Art . Retrieved 22 July 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-Encyclopædia_Britannica_5-0) "Poke bonnet" (http://www.britannica.com/topic/poke-bonnet) . britannica.com . Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved 23 July 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-VAM_poke_bonnet_6-0) "Poke Bonnet" (http://www.vam.ac.uk/users/node/17324) . vam.ac.uk . Victoria and Albert Museum . Retrieved 23 July 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_7219_7-0) "Fashions for November". The Times . No. 7219. 1 December 1807. ^ (#cite_ref-8) Judith S. Lewis (2003). Sacred to Female Patriotism: Gender, Class, and Politics in Late Georgian Britain . p. 184. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0415944112 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Metropolitan Museum of Art, Mourning Poke Bonnet Collection (http://www.metmuseum.org/collections/search-the-collections/156146) . ^ (#cite_ref-NLA_song_10-0) "1914, English, Printed music edition: In your little poke bonnet and shawl / written and composed by Alf. J. Lawrance. [music]" (http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/152402772?versionId=166109924) . trove.nla.gov.au . National Library of Australia . Retrieved 23 July 2015 . Wikimedia Commons has media related to Poke bonnets (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Poke_bonnets) . v t e Hats (/wiki/Hat) and caps (/wiki/Cap) List of hat styles (/wiki/List_of_hat_styles) Western (/wiki/Western_culture) culture (/wiki/Western_culture) Formal (/wiki/Formal_wear) Cartwheel (/wiki/Cartwheel_hat) Cloche (/wiki/Cloche_hat) Cocktail (/wiki/Cocktail_hat) Doll (/wiki/Doll_hat) Draped turban (/wiki/Draped_turban) Eugénie (/wiki/Eug%C3%A9nie_hat) Fascinator (/wiki/Fascinator) Half (/wiki/Half_hat) Halo (/wiki/Halo_hat) Juliet (/wiki/Juliet_cap) Mushroom (/wiki/Mushroom_hat) Lampshade (/wiki/Lampshade_hat) Picture (/wiki/Picture_hat) Peach (/wiki/Peach_basket_hat) Pillbox (/wiki/Pillbox_hat) Tam (/wiki/Tam_cap) Top (/wiki/Top_hat) Opera (/wiki/Opera_hat) Semi-formal (/wiki/Semi-formal_wear) Homburg (/wiki/Homburg_hat) Anthony Eden (/wiki/Anthony_Eden_hat) Boater (/wiki/Boater) Bowler (/wiki/Bowler_hat) Buntal (/wiki/Buntal_hat) Informal (/wiki/Informal_wear) 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(/wiki/Western_Christianity) Biretta (/wiki/Biretta) Canterbury (/wiki/Canterbury_cap) Camauro (/wiki/Camauro) Capirote (/wiki/Capirote) Cappello romano (/wiki/Cappello_romano) Capuchon (/wiki/Capuchon) Christening cap (/wiki/Christening_cap) Galero (/wiki/Galero) Head covering for Christian women (/wiki/Head_covering_for_Christian_women) Easter bonnet (/wiki/Easter_bonnet) Mantilla (/wiki/Mantilla) Wimple (/wiki/Wimple) Mitre (/wiki/Mitre) Papal tiara (/wiki/Papal_tiara) Pilgrim's (/wiki/Pilgrim%27s_hat) Salvation Army bonnet (/wiki/Salvation_Army_bonnet) Shovel (/wiki/Shovel_hat) Zucchetto (/wiki/Zucchetto) Eastern (/wiki/Eastern_Christianity) Klobuk (/wiki/Klobuk) Epanokalimavkion (/wiki/Epanokalimavkion) Kalimavkion (/wiki/Kalimavkion) Koukoulion (/wiki/Koukoulion) Skufia (/wiki/Skufia) Jewish (/wiki/Jewish_religious_clothing) Jewish (/wiki/Jewish_hat) Kashket (/wiki/Kashket) Kippah (/wiki/Kippah) Kolpik (/wiki/Kolpik) Spodik (/wiki/Spodik) Shtreimel (/wiki/Shtreimel) Casual 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Stormy Kromer (/wiki/Stormy_Kromer_cap) Swimming (/wiki/Swim_cap) Water polo (/wiki/Water_polo_cap) Historical (/wiki/History_of_Western_fashion) Attifet (/wiki/Attifet) Apex (/wiki/Apex_(headdress)) Beaver (/wiki/Beaver_hat) Bergère (/wiki/Berg%C3%A8re_hat) Boudoir (/wiki/Boudoir_cap) Boyar (/wiki/Boyar_hat) Bycocket (/wiki/Bycocket) Capotain (/wiki/Capotain) Cavalier (/wiki/Cavalier_hat) Coal scuttle bonnet (/wiki/Coal_scuttle_bonnet) Coif (/wiki/Coif) Dolly Varden (/wiki/Dolly_Varden_(costume)) Dunce (/wiki/Dunce_cap) Fontange (/wiki/Fontange) French hood (/wiki/French_hood) Phrygian (/wiki/Phrygian_cap) Hennin (/wiki/Hennin) Kausia (/wiki/Kausia) Kokoshnik (/wiki/Kokoshnik) Miner's (/wiki/Miner%27s_cap) Mob (/wiki/Mobcap) Modius (/wiki/Modius_(headdress)) Pamela (/wiki/Pamela_hat) Petasos (/wiki/Petasos) Pileus (/wiki/Pileus_(hat)) Poke bonnet Pudding (/wiki/Baby_bumper_headguard_cap) Toque (/wiki/Toque) Witch (/wiki/Witch_hat) Gediminas' Cap (/wiki/Gediminas%27_Cap) Folk (/wiki/Folk_costume) Arakhchin (/wiki/Arakhchin) Asian conical (/wiki/Asian_conical_hat) Aso Oke (/wiki/Aso_Oke_hat) Astrakhan (hat) (/wiki/Canadian_military_fur_wedge_cap) Ayam (/wiki/Ayam_(cap)) Balmoral bonnet (/wiki/Balmoral_bonnet) Bell-boy (/wiki/Bell-boy_hat) Beonggeoji (/wiki/Beonggeoji) Bhadgaunle Topi (/wiki/Bhadgaunle_Topi) Birke topi (/wiki/Birke_topi) Blangkon (/wiki/Blangkon) Blue bonnet (/wiki/Blue_bonnet_(hat)) Chapan (/wiki/Chapan) Chullo (/wiki/Chullo) Coloured (/wiki/Coloured_hat) Coonskin (/wiki/Coonskin_cap) Cork (/wiki/Cork_hat) Dhaka topi (/wiki/Dhaka_topi) Doppa (/wiki/Doppa) Dutch (/wiki/Dutch_cap) Energy dome (/wiki/Energy_dome) Fez (/wiki/Fez_(hat)) Four Winds (/wiki/Four_Winds_hat) Fujin (/wiki/Fujin_(headgear)) Fulani (/wiki/Fulani_hat) Futou (/wiki/Futou) Gandhi (/wiki/Gandhi_cap) Gat (/wiki/Gat_(hat)) Glengarry (/wiki/Glengarry) Icelandic tail (/wiki/Icelandic_tail-cap) Jaapi (/wiki/Jaapi) Jeongjagwan (/wiki/Jeongjagwan) Jobawi (/wiki/Jobawi) Kalpak 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Defunct American social commerce website This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Polyvore) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Polyvore) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Some of this article's listed sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) may not be reliable (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) . Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed. ( August 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) A major contributor to this article appears to have a close connection (/wiki/Wikipedia:Conflict_of_interest) with its subject. It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia's content policies, particularly neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) . Please discuss further on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Polyvore) . ( August 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Polyvore Available in English Owner SSENSE (/wiki/SSENSE) Parent (/wiki/Holding_company) Yahoo! Inc. (/wiki/Yahoo!_Inc._(1995%E2%80%932017)) (2015–2017) Oath Inc. (/wiki/Yahoo_(2017%E2%80%93present)) (2017–2018) SSENSE (/wiki/SSENSE) (acquired April 2018) URL polyvore (http://polyvore.com) .com (http://polyvore.com) Users (/wiki/Registered_user) 20 million Launched February 1, 2007 Current status Closed Polyvore was a community-powered social commerce (/wiki/Social_commerce) website (/wiki/Website) headquartered in Mountain View (/wiki/Mountain_View,_California) , California (/wiki/California) . [1] (#cite_note-1) The company's virtual mood board function allowed community members to add products into a shared product index, and use them to create image collages called "Sets". [2] (#cite_note-2) They could browse other users' sets for inspiration, share sets with friends and interact with people through comments and likes. [3] (#cite_note-3) Due to the visual nature of the tool Polyvore was mostly used to build sets in the fields of home decoration, beauty and fashion. [4] (#cite_note-onlinemarketinggenies.com.au-4) Online retailers, too, could upload their product images to Polyvore and link back to their product pages [5] (#cite_note-5) or use Polyvore to encourage users to showcase their products through such activities as board creation competitions. [6] (#cite_note-6) Polyvore opened an office in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) in August 2012. At that point the company said it had amassed 17 million active users. [7] (#cite_note-7) By the end of 2012 the company said its site was receiving 20 million unique visitors per month, [8] (#cite_note-8) a number which continued to be used in 2016. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) The site was bought by SSENSE and, on April 5, 2018 it was shut down. Polyvore was initially funded in three rounds by six investors, including initial investors Benchmark Capital (/wiki/Benchmark_(venture_capital_firm)) and Harrison Metal, and Matrix Partners and DAG Ventures (/wiki/DAG_Ventures) as lead investors in later rounds. It was acquired by Yahoo (/wiki/Yahoo) on July 31, 2015. On April 5, 2018, Polyvore announced that it had been acquired by SSENSE (/wiki/SSENSE) and would cease operations immediately. Users wishing to save their account data were directed to a request form on the Polyvore blog. History [ edit ] Polyvore started as a prototype developed by Pasha Sadri in August 2006. [11] (#cite_note-masoninteractive.com-11) While he and his wife were decorating their new house, they found themselves cutting furniture ideas and color patches out of magazines and assembling them into inspiration boards. While this tried and tested approach worked, Sadri, an engineer at Yahoo, felt that it would be better if the mood boards could be created online. He used Yahoo Pipes, one of the tools he had created, as a basis to build the first iteration of Polyvore. [12] (#cite_note-wired.com-12) Soon after its creation, fellow Yahoo (/wiki/Yahoo!) engineers Jianing Hu and Guangwei Yuen joined Sadri to form the founding team, which launched the first version of the website in 2007. [12] (#cite_note-wired.com-12) In August 2009, Polyvore reached four million unique visitors, 150 million pageviews a month, and received US$5.6 million in series B funding led by Matrix Partners, alongside previous investors Benchmark Capital and Harrison Metal Capital. [13] (#cite_note-Mg-13) The New Yorker (/wiki/The_New_Yorker) profiled Polyvore in March 2010, calling it a “fashion democracy” and a “world of virtual Anna Wintours (/wiki/Anna_Wintour) ”. At the time, Polyvore received 6.6 million unique visitors. [14] (#cite_note-14) An increase in inquiries from e-commerce companies led Polyvore to experiment with ways to monetise their users through such things as affiliate marketing (/wiki/Affiliate_marketing) and sponsored board creating competitions. [12] (#cite_note-wired.com-12) Polyvore reached profitability in 2011, largely through the use of affiliate links. As each item in a Polyvore set already links back to the page where it was clipped, entering into affiliate partnerships that generate revenue for the company when users click on those links was not a big step. And unlike many other affiliate sites that had to manually update links when retailers changed their site structure, Polyvore invested in software bots that rewrote links that changed and ensured that its links always pointed to the most up-to-date product page. [12] (#cite_note-wired.com-12) The company's product-centric, tech-led approach, coupled with its highly engaged user base, seemed to be the key to success leading Colleen Taylor of GigaOm to state: "Polyvore’s product-first strategy seems to be paying off: an eighth of Polyvore’s audience comes back to the site more than 100 times per month." [15] (#cite_note-15) For that same year, Polyvore was named in Entrepreneur Magazine (/wiki/Entrepreneur_(magazine)) 's 100 Most Brilliant Companies list, [16] (#cite_note-16) and as number 29 of Time Magazine's 50 Best Websites. [17] (#cite_note-17) Polyvore received US$14 million in Series C funding from DAG Ventures (/wiki/DAG_Ventures) , Goldman Sachs (/wiki/Goldman_Sachs) , Matrix, and Vivi Nevo (/wiki/Vivi_Nevo) in January 2012. [18] (#cite_note-18) Shortly afterward, in February 2012, Polyvore partnered with CoverGirl (/wiki/CoverGirl) to launch "Polyvore Live", a live-streamed fashion show during Mercedes Benz Fashion Week, that showcased the collections of four alumni from the Fashion Institute of Technology (/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Technology) , Lauren Bagliore, Vengsarkar “Ven” Budhu, Sergio Guadarrama, and Dana-Maxx Pomerantz. [19] (#cite_note-19) The project also involved collaborations with a number of fashion and beauty bloggers, including Aimee Song of Song of Style, Nadia Sarwar of Frou Frouu, Christian Caradona of Trop Rouge, and Julie Sarinana of Sincerely Jules. [20] (#cite_note-20) That same year, Polyvore was named by Fast Company (/wiki/Fast_Company) as number 28 of its 50 Most Innovative Companies of the year. [21] (#cite_note-21) In August 2012, Polyvore opened its first New York office, in SoHo (/wiki/SoHo,_Manhattan) , with Mayor Michael Bloomberg (/wiki/Michael_Bloomberg) issuing a personal welcome: "By opening an office here, Polyvore is joining the growing group of tech companies who recognize that the benefits of being in New York City are irresistible, regardless of where a startup began." [22] (#cite_note-Taylor-22) In November 2012, the company launched its inaugural iOS (/wiki/IOS) app, and Polyvore's website achieved a 19 million monthly unique visitor count. [23] (#cite_note-TaylorTC1112-23) By May 2014, over three million members had downloaded the Polyvore iPhone (/wiki/IPhone) app and the company was reporting 20 million unique visitors per month; in that month, the company launched its first Android (/wiki/Android_(operating_system)) app. [24] (#cite_note-And-24) A year later, in April 2015, Polyvore launched its second iPhone app called Remix. Unlike the main Polyvore app, which is aimed at 'creators', users looking to assemble their own style boards, Remix helps those who want to be inspired by others' creations by using the company's wide pool of data points to allow users to discover popular items or sets, match their favorites with undiscovered pieces into complete outfits and bookmark these into favorites. [25] (#cite_note-25) On July 31, 2015, Yahoo (/wiki/Yahoo!_Inc._(1995%E2%80%932017)) and Polyvore announced that Yahoo would acquire Polyvore for an undisclosed amount to augment its e-commerce operations. [26] (#cite_note-verge-yahoobuy-26) According to Eric Jackson, manager of hedge fund SpringOwl, Yahoo purchased Polyvore for 230 million U.S dollars (/wiki/United_States_dollar) . [27] (#cite_note-27) [28] (#cite_note-28) On September 13, 2017, Verizon (/wiki/Verizon_Business) acquired Yahoo and its subsidiaries for an estimated 4.48 billion U.S. dollars (/wiki/United_States_dollar) . This merged Polyvore in to a media group known as Oath (/wiki/Oath:_A_Verizon_company) . [29] (#cite_note-29) [30] (#cite_note-30) On April 5, 2018, the Polyvore staff released a blogpost (/wiki/Blog_post) informing users that the site had been purchased by luxury e-retailer Ssense (/wiki/SSENSE) . From then on, the website directed to the Ssense home page and all apps became defunct. [31] (#cite_note-31) [32] (#cite_note-marketingdive.com-32) [33] (#cite_note-33) After outcry from former Polyvore users, Ssense posted to Twitter (/wiki/Twitter) on April 10, 2018 stating that they were unable to restore the site. Thus, Polyvore was permanently shut down. [34] (#cite_note-34) [35] (#cite_note-35) Following the acquisition, former Polyvore users complained that links provided to download their data, opt out of Ssense (/wiki/SSENSE) communications, or delete their data from Ssense (/wiki/SSENSE) were broken. This sparked outrage over user privacy and security. [36] (#cite_note-36) Over Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) , the e-retailer assured customers that they would only receive their username, email, and email preferences- not any user data. Additionally, they stated that anyone with data connected to Polyvore may request their data be deleted by May 15, 2018 and the links were fully functional. [37] (#cite_note-37) [32] (#cite_note-marketingdive.com-32) While online users maintained that they were unable to opt out of data transfer, Ssense (/wiki/SSENSE) would not publicly acknowledge the situation again. Leadership [ edit ] This section needs expansion with: sourced descriptions, in equal measure, of the original and closing leadership teams at the company, so article does not develop bias toward one or two principals. You can help by adding to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Polyvore&action=edit§ion=) . ( December 2015 ) Polyvore was envisioned as a product and service by Pasha Sadri in August 2006 while he and his wife were remodeling their house and were looking to create digital mood boards to help with their decorating choices. [11] (#cite_note-masoninteractive.com-11) [38] (#cite_note-fortune.com-38) He was soon joined by Jianing Hu and Guangwei Yuen, two software engineers he had met while they all worked at Yahoo (/wiki/Yahoo) , and the trio launched of the first version of the website in 2007. [4] (#cite_note-onlinemarketinggenies.com.au-4) [39] (#cite_note-thehustle.co-39) In its first year of creation, Jess Lee (/wiki/Jess_Lee_(business)) , a product manager at Google (/wiki/Google) and an early Polyvore fan and user, emailed Sadri with a set of product suggestions, [38] (#cite_note-fortune.com-38) and, as Sadri explained in 2013: "The email was unlike any feedback we’d ever gotten ... It was a two-page-long analysis, detailing 'this is broken, we can fix it this way.'" [39] (#cite_note-thehustle.co-39) In a July 2013 feature in Wired (/wiki/Wired_(magazine)) , Lee described herself as an "obsessive user" prior to her recruitment, and described her interest and motivation: “Influencers in fashion right now are a cliquey club in New York that’s very hard to get into,” making it hard for others to shape the trends. [12] (#cite_note-wired.com-12) Lee joined the company within nine months of her first visit, and became its CEO. [38] (#cite_note-fortune.com-38) Lee played a role in attracting its eventual buyer, Yahoo, as she had business relations with the company's then CEO, Marissa Mayer (/wiki/Marissa_Mayer) , who had recruited her during her period at Google (/wiki/Google) . [26] (#cite_note-verge-yahoobuy-26) At the time of its acquisition, Lee was listed as Co-Founder and CEO, Pasha Sadri as Co-Founder and Director, Arnie Gullov-Singh as COO, and Guangwei Yuan and Jianing Hu as Co-Founders. [40] (#cite_note-Bloomberg15-40) Traffic [ edit ] In August 2012 Polyvore was receiving 17 million unique monthly visitors, and as of July 2013, traffic of 20 million visitors per month. [22] (#cite_note-Taylor-22) [41] (#cite_note-Tate-41) In May 2014, the company was reported to be receiving 20 million unique visitors per month. [24] (#cite_note-And-24) Between August 2009 and May 2014, the number of monthly unique visitors increased from 4 million to 20 million. [13] (#cite_note-Mg-13) [24] (#cite_note-And-24) Alternatives [ edit ] Polyvore was acquired by SSENSE (/wiki/SSENSE) , a Montreal-based online retailer, and shut down in 2018. Founded in 2007, Polyvore gave users the tools to create collages of clothing, beauty, and home products, and in doing so, created a community of people getting creative and following each other's work. Now there are many alternatives to Polyvore, such as Fashmates, [42] (#cite_note-thecurvyfashionista.com-42) Combyne, Fashiers, URSTYLE.fashion, TrendMe, ShopLook, Bantoa and Stylevore. [43] (#cite_note-43) [44] (#cite_note-44) [45] (#cite_note-45) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "An Exclusive Look Inside Polyvore's Mountain View Headquarters" (https://www.officelovin.com/2015/01/26/inside-polyvores-mountain-view-headquarters/) . Officelovin' . 2015-01-26 . Retrieved 2017-08-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "How to Make a Collage on Polyvore" (http://www.instructables.com/id/How-to-Make-a-Collage-on-Polyvore/) . Instructables.com . Retrieved 2017-08-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Fashion. "Fab Site: Polyvore.com" (http://www.popsugar.com/fashion/Fab-Site-Polyvorecom-541008) . POPSUGAR Fashion . Retrieved 2017-08-28 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Polyvore For Business | Is It For You?" (https://www.onlinemarketinggenies.com.au/polyvore-business/) . Online Marketing Genies . 2014-12-02 . Retrieved 2017-08-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Polyvore: Why Personalized Social Shopping Apps Matter - CPC Strategy" (http://www.cpcstrategy.com/blog/2015/03/polyvore-personalized-shopping-mobile-app/) . www.cpcstrategy.com . 2015-03-04 . Retrieved 2017-08-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Agathou, Amalia (2011-02-17). "The Rise Of Polyvore: Trendsetting Goes Social" (https://thenextweb.com/socialmedia/2011/02/17/the-rise-of-polyvore-trendsetting-goes-social/#gref) . The Next Web . Retrieved 2017-08-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Social commerce site Polyvore reaches 20M users" (https://www.cnet.com/news/social-commerce-site-polyvore-reaches-20m-users/) . 20 December 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "For Ecommerce Companies it Pays to Know Polyvore | Social Media Strategies Summit Blog" (https://web.archive.org/web/20131226010341/http://socialmediastrategiessummit.com/blog/for-ecommerce-companies-it-pays-to-know-polyvore) . socialmediastrategiessummit.com . Archived from the original (http://socialmediastrategiessummit.com/blog/for-ecommerce-companies-it-pays-to-know-polyvore/) on 2013-12-26. ^ (#cite_ref-9) "19 Amazing Polyvore Statistics" (http://expandedramblings.com/index.php/polyvore-statistics/) . DMR . 2015-08-02 . Retrieved 2017-08-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Polyvore Statistics Show Rise Of Social Giant" (http://www.trueship.com/blog/2016/01/12/polyvore-statistics-illustrate-rise-of-new-social-giant/#.V4j01I78_vE) . ReadyCloud . Retrieved 2017-08-28 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Polyvore Accounts for 20% of Social CommerceMason Interactive" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140222093102/http://www.masoninteractive.com/blog-social-shopping-site-polyvore-com-leads-in-social-commerce-retail-conversion/) . www.masoninteractive.com . Archived from the original (http://www.masoninteractive.com/blog-social-shopping-site-polyvore-com-leads-in-social-commerce-retail-conversion/) on 2014-02-22. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Tate, Ryan. "How One Startup Found Success by Making an Obsessive User Its CEO" (https://www.wired.com/2013/07/ap_polyvore/) . WIRED . Retrieved 2017-08-28 . ^ Jump up to: a b Siegler, M.G. (18 August 2009). "Polyvore Looks Stylin' In This New $5.6 Million Round Of Funding" (https://techcrunch.com/2009/08/18/polyvore-looks-stylin-in-this-new-56-million-round-of-funding/) . TechCrunch . Retrieved 3 December 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Jacobs, Alexandra (29 March 2010). "Fashion Democracy: The World of Virtual Anna Wintours" (http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2010/03/29/100329fa_fact_jacobs?currentPage=all) . The New Yorker (/wiki/The_New_Yorker) . Retrieved 3 December 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Taylor, Colleen (9 June 2011). "Now Profitable, Polyvore Strikes a Pose as Top Fashion Site" (http://gigaom.com/2011/06/09/polyvore-profitable/) . GigaOm . Retrieved 3 December 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Wang, Jennifer (23 May 2011). "How Polyvore Became a Trend-Setter in Social Shopping" (http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/219675#) . Entrepreneur (/wiki/Entrepreneur_(magazine)) . Retrieved 3 December 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) McCracken, Harry (16 August 2011). "The 50 Best Websites of 2011" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110923144337/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2087815_2088173_2088187,00.html) . Time (/wiki/Time_(magazine)) . Archived from the original (http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2087815_2088173_2088187,00.html) on September 23, 2011 . Retrieved 3 December 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Rao, Leena (23 January 2012). "Virtual Styling And Fashion Community Polyvore Raises $14M From DAG Ventures, Goldman Sachs And Others" (https://techcrunch.com/2012/01/23/virtual-styling-and-fashion-community-polyvore-raises-14m-from-dag-ventures-goldman-sachs-and-others/) . TechCrunch . Retrieved 3 December 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Polyvore Live :: CoverGirl Blogger Fashion Show" (https://vimeo.com/37258171) . Vimeo . Retrieved 2017-08-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Fashion Blogger Fashion Show" (https://www.refinery29.com/fashion-blogger-runway-show#slide) . Refinery29 . Retrieved 2017-08-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Schomer, Stephanie (7 February 2012). "28: Polyvore, For Turning Everyone Into A Fashion Editor" (http://www.fastcompany.com/most-innovative-companies/2012/polyvore) . Fast Company . Retrieved 3 December 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Taylor, Colleen (10 August 2012). "Fashion-Focused Startup Polyvore, 17M Monthly Uniques Strong, Opens Up NYC Office" (https://techcrunch.com/2012/08/10/polyvore-nyc/) . TechCrunch . Retrieved 3 December 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-TaylorTC1112_23-0) Taylor, Coleen (27 November 2012). "Style Site Polyvore Debuts Its First Ever iPhone App, Touts Cash Flow Positive Operations" (https://techcrunch.com/2012/11/27/polyvore-iphone-cash-flow-positive/) . TechCrunch . Retrieved 3 December 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Perez, Sarah (9 May 2014). "Style-Focused Community And Shopping Service Polyvore Arrives On Android" (https://techcrunch.com/2014/05/09/style-focused-community-and-shopping-service-polyvore-arrives-on-android/) . TechCrunch . Retrieved 3 December 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Perez, Sarah (7 April 2015). "Polyvore Launches Remix, A New App For Style Advice And Shopping | TechCrunch" (https://techcrunch.com/2015/04/07/polyvore-launches-remix-a-new-app-for-style-advice-and-shopping/) . Retrieved 2017-08-28 . ^ Jump up to: a b Brandom, Russell (2015). "Yahoo Acquires Fashion Commerce Site Polyvore" (https://www.theverge.com/2015/7/31/9082425/yahoo-polyvore-acquire-marissa-mayer) . The Verge (/wiki/The_Verge) . Retrieved 3 December 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) Kosoff, Maya (14 December 2015). "Hedge funder slams Yahoo: It is unacceptable to pay $230 million for zombie companies run by former Googlers" (http://www.businessinsider.com/eric-jackson-slams-yahoo-for-polyvore-acquisition-2015-12) . Business Insider (/wiki/Business_Insider) . Retrieved 5 January 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) "Yahoo to Pay $230 Million for Shopping Site Polyvore" (https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-08-03/yahoo-said-to-pay-230-million-for-shopping-site-polyvore) . Bloomberg.com . Retrieved 2017-08-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) Porter, Jon (2021-09-02). "Yahoo is Yahoo once more after new owners complete acquisition" (https://www.theverge.com/2021/9/2/22653652/yahoo-aol-acquired-apollo-global-management-private-equity) . The Verge . Retrieved 2022-04-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) "Verizon completes Yahoo acquisition, creating a diverse house of 50+ brands under new Oath subsidiary" (https://www.verizon.com/about/news/verizon-completes-yahoo-acquisition-creating-diverse-house-50-brands-under-new-oath-subsidiary) . www.verizon.com . 2017-06-13 . Retrieved 2022-04-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) Fraser, Kristopher (2018-04-09). "Polyvore shutting down after Ssense acquisition" (https://fashionunited.uk/news/business/polyvore-shutting-down-after-ssense-acquisition/2018040929025?amp=1) . FashionUnited . Retrieved 2022-04-24 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Polyvore shuts down following acquisition by Ssense" (https://www.marketingdive.com/news/polyvore-shuts-down-following-acquisition-by-ssense/520861/) . Marketing Dive . Retrieved 2022-04-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "Polyvore is shutting down after being acquired by fashion retailer Ssense – TechCrunch" (https://techcrunch.com/2018/04/05/polyvore-is-shutting-down-after-being-acquired-by-fashion-e-commerce-site-ssense/) . 5 April 2018 . Retrieved 2022-04-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) @SSENSE (10 April 2018). "We're sorry. We deeply regret the distress our actions have caused the Polyvore community over the past few days..." (https://x.com/SSENSE/status/983820205498486784) ( Tweet (/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)) ) . Retrieved 29 March 2023 – via Twitter (/wiki/Twitter) . ^ (#cite_ref-35) "SSENSE Apologizes For Destroying The World Of Polyvore" (https://snobette.com/2018/04/ssense-apologizes-delete-polyvore/) . SNOBETTE . 2018-04-11 . Retrieved 2022-04-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-36) Prant, Dara. "Polyvore Acquired by Global Fashion Platform SSENSE, Fans Are Not Pleased [Updated]" (https://fashionista.com/2018/04/ssense-acquires-polyvore-ends-operations) . Fashionista . Retrieved 2022-04-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-37) "Ssense Shuts Down Polyvore, Sparking Outrage Among Fans" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/news-analysis/ssense-shuts-down-polyvore-sparking-outrage-among-fans/) . The Business of Fashion . Retrieved 2022-04-24 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Roberts, Daniel. "How Jess Lee of Polyvore got her start" (http://fortune.com/2015/08/02/jess-lee-polyvore-got-started/) . Fortune . Retrieved 2017-08-28 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Jess Lee: How She Became the CEO and Saved Polyvore" (http://thehustle.co/jess-lee-polyvore) . The Hustle . 2014-11-05 . Retrieved 2017-08-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-Bloomberg15_40-0) Bloomberg.com (3 December 2015). "Internet Software and Services: Company Overview of Polyvore, Inc" (https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=60522762) . Bloomberg Businessweek . Retrieved 3 December 2015 . [ better source needed ] ^ (#cite_ref-Tate_41-0) Tate, Ryan (25 July 2013). "How One Startup Found Success by Making an Obsessive User Its CEO" (https://www.wired.com/2013/07/ap_polyvore/) . Wired (/wiki/Wired_(magazine)) . Retrieved 30 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-thecurvyfashionista.com_42-0) "A Comprehensive review of some amazing Polyvore alternatives" (https://thecurvyfashionista.com/life-after-polyvore/) . 7 May 2018 . Retrieved 2018-05-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-43) "Stylevore - The Best Alternative to Polyvore Is Here!" (https://www.gymbuddynow.com/stylevore-best-alternative-polyvore/) . Gymbuddy Now . 2018-08-04 . Retrieved 2018-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-44) "Where Will All the Polyvore Fans Go?" (https://www.racked.com/2018/4/17/17244662/polyvore-alternative-ssense-shutdown-mood-boards) . Racked . Retrieved 2018-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-45) "URSTYLE.com Develops Social Commerce Community in Wake of Polyvore Shutdown" (https://finance.yahoo.com/news/urstyle-com-develops-social-commerce-122400820.html) . Retrieved 2018-09-05 . Further reading [ edit ] Miller, Claire Cain (01-23-2012), “ [1] (http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/01/23/polyvore-the-fashion-site-gets-more-money-and-a-new-c-e-o/) ”, “The New York Times”. Kalinske, Ashley (02-15-2012), “ [2] (https://www.cnbc.com/id/46394798/A_Profitable_Polyvore_Struts_Its_Stuff_at_Fashion_Week) ”, “CNBC”. Boyd, E.B. (02-11-2011), “ [3] (http://www.fastcompany.com/1726460/baked-fashion-site-polyvore-taps-army-anna-wintours) ”, “FastCompany”. Swisher, Kara (07-30-2010), Polyvore Execs Talk About Social Fashion! (https://online.wsj.com/video/polyvore-execs-talk-about-social-fashion/ED093D1F-DF64-4BCB-B9F4-48B427BB913F.html) [video], The Wall Street Journal . Sellers, Patricia (02-23-2010), Google vet snags a CEO job (http://postcards.blogs.fortune.cnn.com/2010/02/23/google-vet-snags-a-ceo-job/) , “CNN”. Miller, Claire Cain (02-22-2012), “ [4] (http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/02/22/polyvore-snags-former-google-executive-as-c-e-o/) ”, “The New York Times”. Miller, Claire Cain (08-18-2009), “ [5] (http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/08/18/polyvore-raises-money-for-do-it-yourself-fashion-site/) ”, The New York Times. Miller, Claire Cain (07-26-2009), Site Wins Fashion Fans by Letting Them Design (https://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/27/technology/companies/27polyvore.html?_r=1) , The New York Times . Friedlander, Whitney (06-07-2009), At Polyvore, it's a virtual overlap of styles (http://articles.latimes.com/2009/jun/07/image/ig-polyvore7) , Los Angeles Times . Sloane, Julie (10-11-2007), Yahoo Pipes Founder Creates Fashion Mashup Site Polyvore (https://www.wired.com/epicenter/2007/10/yahoo-pipes-fou/) , Wired . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.polyvore.com/) v t e Yahoo Inc. 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Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) Template‑class Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) This template is within the scope of WikiProject Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Fashion) and see a list of open tasks. Fashion Wikipedia:WikiProject Fashion Template:WikiProject Fashion fashion articles Template (/wiki/Category:Template-Class_fashion_articles) This template does not require a rating on Wikipedia's content assessment (/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_assessment) scale. Liners and shaders are not types of machines in the context of this article, they are what a machine is used for during the tattooing process. I believe that the description for liner and shader would be better left out as they lean toward technique, not the type or style of machine. RayReasonerJr (/w/index.php?title=User:RayReasonerJr&action=edit&redlink=1) ( talk (/w/index.php?title=User_talk:RayReasonerJr&action=edit&redlink=1) ) 08:34, 25 September 2016 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Tattoo#c-RayReasonerJr-2016-09-25T08:34:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2016-09-25T08:34:00.000Z","author":"RayReasonerJr","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-RayReasonerJr-2016-09-25T08:34:00.000Z","replies":[]}} NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐844cd986b8‐pghkn Cached time: 20240722144023 Cache expiry: 864000 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] DiscussionTools time usage: 0.006 seconds CPU time usage: 0.104 seconds Real time usage: 0.163 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 119/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 4799/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 4867/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.074/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1387374/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 132.215 1 -total 100.00% 132.215 1 Template:WikiProject_Fashion 1.85% 2.445 1 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:51736112-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722144023 and revision id 990047266. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Tattoo&oldid=990047266 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Tattoo&oldid=990047266) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Template-Class fashion articles (/wiki/Category:Template-Class_fashion_articles) NA-importance fashion articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_fashion_articles) Hidden category: WikiProject banners without banner shells (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_banners_without_banner_shells) |
Luxury leather handbag The Chanel Classic Flap The Chanel 2.55 is a luxury leather (/wiki/Leather) handbag (/wiki/Handbag) or purse manufactured by the fashion house (/wiki/Fashion_design) of Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) . Origin [ edit ] In the 1920s, Coco Chanel (/wiki/Coco_Chanel) became tired of having to carry her handbags in her arms and decided to design a handbag that freed up her hands. Inspired by the straps found on soldiers' bags she added thin straps and introduced the resulting design to the market in 1929. [1] (#cite_note-Pederson._Page_68-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) After her successful comeback to the fashion industry in 1954, Chanel decided to update her handbag. [ citation needed ] The resulting design was called 2.55 after the date of creation, February 1955. [1] (#cite_note-Pederson._Page_68-1) Features [ edit ] The bag has a number of features: The lining's burgundy colour represents the colour of the uniforms at the convent where she grew up. [ citation needed ] There is a zippered compartment at the inside of the front flap. That is where Chanel is rumoured to have stored her love letters in her original bag. [ citation needed ] The backside has a back outside flap for storage of money. Chanel, recognising that modern women needed to have their hands free while attending social functions, designed a double-chain shoulder strap. The caretakers of the convent where she grew up held the keys at their waist dangling from the same type of chains as the 2.55 shoulder strap chains. [3] (#cite_note-Kpriss-3) The bag originally came with a front lock called "the Mademoiselle Lock" (in reference to Coco Chanel never marrying). . [3] (#cite_note-Kpriss-3) The bag has a quilted diamond or herringbone pattern on the exterior. Using a running stitch, this gives the bag shape and volume. [1] (#cite_note-Pederson._Page_68-1) The pattern is believed to have been inspired by several sources: by jockeys' riding coats, by the stained-glass windows of the abbey at Aubazine, as well as by the cushions in Chanel's Paris apartment. [4] (#cite_note-4) [ citation needed ] Variations [ edit ] Since its introduction, there have been several variations of the original design including different colour leather (/wiki/Leather) / fabric (/wiki/Fabric) combinations, metal and interwoven leather straps and the lock, mademoiselle vs. interlocking CC. [5] (#cite_note-5) Chanel released an exact copy of the original 2.55 in February 2005 in commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the creation of the original. Though the name "Reissue 2.55" should apply only to those commemorative handbags it is now commonly used as a name for all the handbags resembling the original 2.55. [3] (#cite_note-Kpriss-3) Price history [ edit ] Since the 2.55's release in 1955, its pricing has far outpaced inflation. One research study into its price history revealed that price increases between 1955 and 1990 were generally explained by inflation, but there has been a rapid value increase since 1990 and especially 2010. Specifically, its price has increased from $2,850 in 2010 to $5,600 as of 2019 and $10,000 in 2022. References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c Pederson. Page 68. ^ (#cite_ref-2) Wallach. Page 158. ^ Jump up to: a b c Kpriss. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Fashion Office.org ^ (#cite_ref-5) Moss. Further reading [ edit ] Kpriss. "Short History of The Famous Chanel 2.55 Bag" (http://stylefrizz.com/200712/short-history-of-the-famous-chanel-255-bag/) , Style Frizz . Accessed October 17, 2008. Pedersen, Stephanie (2006). Handbags: What Every Woman Should Know . Cincinnati: David & Charles. pp. 128 pages (https://archive.org/details/handbagswhatever0000pede/page/128) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-7153-2495-0 . Wallach, Janet (1999). Chanel: Her Style and Her Life . London: Mitchell Beazley. pp. 180 pages. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1-84000-202-6 . v t e Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) Owners Alain Wertheimer (/wiki/Alain_Wertheimer) Gérard Wertheimer (/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Wertheimer) Jacques Wertheimer (/wiki/Jacques_Wertheimer) Pierre Wertheimer (/wiki/Pierre_Wertheimer) Designers Coco Chanel (/wiki/Coco_Chanel) Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) Virginie Viard (/wiki/Virginie_Viard) Perfumers Ernest Beaux (/wiki/Ernest_Beaux) Jacques Polge (/wiki/Jacques_Polge) Olivier Polge (/wiki/Olivier_Polge) Henri Robert (/wiki/Henri_Robert) Perfumes Bleu de Chanel (/wiki/Bleu_de_Chanel) Bois des Îles (/wiki/Bois_des_%C3%8Eles) Chanel No. 5 (/wiki/Chanel_No._5) Chanel No. 19 (/wiki/Chanel_No._19) Chanel No. 22 (/wiki/Chanel_No._22) Chanel Chance (/wiki/Chanel_Chance) Coco (/wiki/Coco_(perfume)) Coco Mademoiselle (/wiki/Coco_Mademoiselle) Cuir de Russie (/wiki/Cuir_de_Russie) Égoïste (/wiki/%C3%89go%C3%AFste) Garments Little black dress (/wiki/Little_black_dress) Jacqueline Kennedy's pink Chanel suit (/wiki/Pink_Chanel_suit_of_Jacqueline_Bouvier_Kennedy) Other products Chanel 2.55 handbag Chanel J12 watch (/wiki/Chanel_J12) Films Chanel Solitaire (/wiki/Chanel_Solitaire) Coco Before Chanel (/wiki/Coco_Before_Chanel) Coco Chanel (/wiki/Coco_Chanel_(film)) Coco Chanel & Igor Stravinsky (/wiki/Coco_Chanel_%26_Igor_Stravinsky) No. 5 the Film (/wiki/No._5_the_Film) Musical Coco (/wiki/Coco_(musical)) Book The Allure of Chanel (/wiki/The_Allure_of_Chanel) Related Mousse Partners (/wiki/Mousse_Partners) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐x26sx Cached time: 20240713175348 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.267 seconds Real time usage: 0.360 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1221/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 24936/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2646/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 16137/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.178/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4158227/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 321.253 1 -total 27.03% 86.831 2 Template:Cite_book 26.46% 84.993 1 Template:Chanel 25.76% 82.750 1 Template:Navbox 21.22% 68.157 1 Template:Short_description 19.15% 61.517 4 Template:Citation_needed 16.47% 52.920 4 Template:Fix 12.75% 40.969 2 Template:Pagetype 9.64% 30.965 8 Template:Category_handler 4.75% 15.266 7 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:19939687-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713175348 and revision id 1193219056. 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Somali and American fashion model Ugbad Abdi Born 1999 or 2000 (age 23–24) Kismayo (/wiki/Kismayo) , Somalia (/wiki/Somalia) Occupation Model Years active 2019–present Modeling information Height 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) [1] (#cite_note-nextprofile-1) Hair color Brown Eye color Brown Agency Next Management (/wiki/Next_Management) (worldwide) [2] (#cite_note-modelsdotcom-2) Ugbad Abdi is a Somali-American (/wiki/Somali_Americans) fashion model. Born in Somalia and raised in a Kenyan refugee camp and Des Moines, Iowa (/wiki/Des_Moines,_Iowa) , she debuted as a Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_house)) haute couture model, then opened shows for Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) and Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors) at New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) . She is the first model to walk shows for Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) and Lanvin (/wiki/Lanvin_(company)) while wearing hijab (/wiki/Hijab) . Early life [ edit ] Abdi was born in Kismayo (/wiki/Kismayo) , Somalia (/wiki/Somalia) . [3] (#cite_note-VogueME2019-3) Her family fled the Somali Civil War (/wiki/Somali_Civil_War) , first to a refugee camp in Kenya (/wiki/Kenya) , then in 2009, when Abdi was nine years old, to Des Moines, Iowa (/wiki/Des_Moines,_Iowa) with the help of UNICEF (/wiki/UNICEF) . [4] (#cite_note-iD2019-4) [5] (#cite_note-dazed100-5) Shortly after graduating from high school in Des Moines, Abdi was scouted on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) . [6] (#cite_note-times2019-6) She visited New York (/wiki/New_York_City) for the first time to meet with agency representatives, and signed with Next Management (/wiki/Next_Management) . [7] (#cite_note-wsj2019-7) Career [ edit ] Abdi made her runway debut in the 2018/2019 Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_house)) haute couture (/wiki/Haute_couture) show. [8] (#cite_note-vmag2019-8) She has opened New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) shows for Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) and Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors) . [7] (#cite_note-wsj2019-7) Abdi has also walked in shows for Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) , Miu Miu (/wiki/Miu_Miu) , Simone Rocha (/wiki/Simone_Rocha) , Burberry (/wiki/Burberry) , Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) , Lanvin (/wiki/Lanvin_(company)) , Max Mara (/wiki/Max_Mara) , and Dries van Noten (/wiki/Dries_van_Noten) . [9] (#cite_note-hba5-9) [7] (#cite_note-wsj2019-7) In April 2019, she appeared in British, American, and Arabian editions of Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) simultaneously. [6] (#cite_note-times2019-6) Abdi has been called "one of Fall 2019's breakout models". [10] (#cite_note-vogueworld2019-10) In 2022, she appeared on the cover of Vogue France (/wiki/Vogue_France) with Danish model Mona Tougaard (/wiki/Mona_Tougaard) . [11] (#cite_note-11) Personal life [ edit ] Abdi is Muslim (/wiki/Muslim) , and began wearing hijab (/wiki/Hijab) at the age of fourteen. She wears head coverings while modeling, and in 2019 became Fendi and Lanvin's first runway model to wear hijab. [4] (#cite_note-iD2019-4) She has five siblings, two of whom were born after the family moved to the United States. She speaks Somali (/wiki/Somali_language) and English (/wiki/English_language) . [6] (#cite_note-times2019-6) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-nextprofile_1-0) "New York: Ugbad" (https://www.nextmanagement.com/new-york/profile/ugbad) . Next Management (/wiki/Next_Management) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191001043457/https://www.nextmanagement.com/new-york/profile/ugbad) from the original on October 1, 2019 . Retrieved October 1, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-modelsdotcom_2-0) "Ugbad - Model" (http://models.com/models/ugbad-a) . Models.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191012230818/https://models.com/models/ugbad-a) from the original on October 12, 2019 . Retrieved December 21, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-VogueME2019_3-0) van Deemter, Christine (October 13, 2019). "Ugbad Abdi on Joining the New Generation of Modest Models Changing the Runways" (https://en.vogue.me/fashion/interview-cover-star-ugbad-abdi/) . Vogue Arabia . Retrieved December 21, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b Cole, Jess (April 29, 2019). "Ugbad: A New Face, A New Story, A New Era" (https://i-d.vice.com/en_us/article/3k3q9j/ugbad-abdi-interview-shoot) . i-D . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191001043454/https://i-d.vice.com/en_us/article/3k3q9j/ugbad-abdi-interview-shoot) from the original on October 1, 2019 . Retrieved October 1, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-dazed100_5-0) Gush, Charlotte (May 3, 2019). "Dazed 100: Ugbad, model" (https://www.dazeddigital.com/projects/article/44196/1/ugbad-abdi-model-biography-dazed-100-2019-profile) . Dazed (/wiki/Dazed) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191001043457/https://www.dazeddigital.com/projects/article/44196/1/ugbad-abdi-model-biography-dazed-100-2019-profile) from the original on October 1, 2019 . Retrieved October 1, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Combe, Rachael (April 14, 2019). "Ugbad Abdi Interview: The Inspiring Journey of a Game-changing Supermodel" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/ugbad-abdi-interview-the-inspiring-journey-of-a-game-changing-supermodel-7hrxkv9fr) . The Sunday Times (/wiki/The_Sunday_Times) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191001074121/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/ugbad-abdi-interview-the-inspiring-journey-of-a-game-changing-supermodel-7hrxkv9fr) from the original on October 1, 2019 . Retrieved October 1, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Smith, Ray A. (September 29, 2019). "The Iowa Teen Opening New Doors in Fashion" (https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-iowa-teen-opening-new-doors-in-fashion-11569754801) . The Wall Street Journal (/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190930232027/https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-iowa-teen-opening-new-doors-in-fashion-11569754801) from the original on September 30, 2019 . Retrieved October 1, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-vmag2019_8-0) Manno, James (April 25, 2019). "Model to Watch in V119: Ugbad Abdi" (https://vmagazine.com/article/model-to-watch-ugbad-abdi/) . V Magazine . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191001050502/https://vmagazine.com/article/model-to-watch-ugbad-abdi/) from the original on October 1, 2019 . Retrieved October 1, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-hba5_9-0) Sargent, Tally (March 5, 2019). "5 Things To Know About Rising Hijabi Model Ugbad Abdi" (https://www.harpersbazaararabia.com/people/news/meet-rising-hijabi-model-ugbad-abdi) . Harper's Bazaar Arabia . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191001043503/https://www.harpersbazaararabia.com/people/news/meet-rising-hijabi-model-ugbad-abdi) from the original on October 1, 2019 . Retrieved October 1, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-vogueworld2019_10-0) Okwodu, Janelle (February 28, 2019). "Meet the Somali Model Breaking Boundaries in Paris" (https://www.vogue.com/vogueworld/article/somali-model-ugbad-fall-2019-breakout) . Vogue . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190822132441/https://www.vogue.com/vogueworld/article/somali-model-ugbad-fall-2019-breakout) from the original on August 22, 2019 . Retrieved October 1, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Trochu, Eugénie (July 21, 2022). "Mona Tougaard and Ugbad Abdi: The model revolution on the cover of the August 2022 edition of Vogue France" (https://www.vogue.fr/fashion/article/mona-tougaard-ugbad-abdi-vogue-france-august-2022-cover) . Vogue France . 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A form of Chinese upper garment Ru Theatrical coat for Court Lady, 18th century. Han Woman's ao, 19th century, from the Cleveland Museum of Art Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) 襦 Literal meaning short coat/ jacket Transcriptions Standard Mandarin (/wiki/Standard_Chinese) Hanyu Pinyin (/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin) Rú Shan Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) 衫 Literal meaning shirt; robe; gown; jacket Transcriptions Standard Mandarin (/wiki/Standard_Chinese) Hanyu Pinyin (/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin) shān Tongyong Pinyin (/wiki/Tongyong_Pinyin) shān Ao Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) 袄 Traditional Chinese (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters) 襖 Literal meaning outer garments/ coat/ jacket/ lined coat Transcriptions Standard Mandarin (/wiki/Standard_Chinese) Hanyu Pinyin (/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin) ǎo Yi Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) 衣 Literal meaning Clothes/ garment Transcriptions Standard Mandarin (/wiki/Standard_Chinese) Hanyu Pinyin (/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin) Yī Ru ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 襦 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%A5%A6) ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : rú ), sometimes referred to as shan ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 衫 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%A1%AB) ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : shān ), ao ( simplified Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 袄 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%A2%84) ; traditional Chinese (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters) : 襖 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : ǎo ), and yi ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 衣 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%A1%A3) ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : yī ), is a form of traditional Chinese upper garment (/wiki/Hanfu) , or coat, or jacket, which typically has a right closure; however, they may also have a front central opening. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) It is traditional everyday wear for women of the Han Chinese (/wiki/Han_Chinese) ethnic group. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) It can be worn in combination with a skirt in a style called ruqun (/wiki/Ruqun) , or a pair of trousers in a style called shanku (/wiki/Shanku) . The shape and structure of Chinese upper garments, generally referred as yi ( 衣 ), varied depending on the time period. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Garments that overlap and close to the right originated in China (/wiki/China) and are called youren (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Youren/_right_lapel) ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 右衽 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : yòurèn ; lit. 'right lapel'). [2] (#cite_note-:15-2) The style of yi which overlaps at the front and closes on the right in a y-shape is known as jiaolingyouren (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Jiaoling_youren) ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 交領右衽 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : jiāolǐngyòurèn ; lit. 'intersecting collar right lapel') [note 1] (#cite_note-3) [3] (#cite_note-:6-4) and first appeared in the Shang dynasty (/wiki/Shang_dynasty) . [4] (#cite_note-:5-5) [5] (#cite_note-:14-6) Since then the jiaolingyouren yi has been one of the major symbols of the Sino Kingdom [3] (#cite_note-:6-4) and eventually spread throughout Asia (/wiki/Asia) . [5] (#cite_note-:14-6) The structure of the jackets worn in the late Qing (/wiki/Qing_dynasty) shared some features of those worn by the ethnic Han during the Ming dynasty (/wiki/Ming_dynasty) . [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) They continued to evolve and be worn in some form during the Republic of China (/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)) . [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Since the 1930s, the popularity of traditional Han fashion declined in favor of the qipao (/wiki/Cheongsam) and Western dress. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) It has regained prominence in the 21st century following the Hanfu movement (/wiki/Hanfu_Movement) . Terminology [ edit ] Yi [ edit ] Qingyiqun (青衣裙), from the Qing dynasty (/wiki/Qing_dynasty) Gujin Tushu Jicheng (/wiki/Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng) The term yi ( 衣 ) generally refers to clothing. [6] (#cite_note-:1-7) In ancient times, the term yi referred to an upper outer garment. [6] (#cite_note-:1-7) The term yi appeared in ancient texts to refer to upper garments, such as in the Luyi (/wiki/Classic_of_Poetry) , [7] (#cite_note-8) in the Mao Commentary (/wiki/Mao_Commentary) , [8] (#cite_note-:31-9) : 94 in the Analects (/wiki/Analects) , [9] (#cite_note-10) and in the I Ching (/wiki/I_Ching) . [10] (#cite_note-11) Ru / shan / ao / gua [ edit ] The term ru ( 襦 ) has sometimes been used as a synonym word for the clothing items shan ( 衫 ) and ao ( 袄 ; 襖 ). [11] (#cite_note-:20-12) : 48–50 [12] (#cite_note-:19-13) : 65 Ru and gua [ edit ] See also: Paofu (/wiki/Paofu) The ru can refer to both a long or short jacket. [8] (#cite_note-:31-9) : 94 The ru also had different names depending on its characteristics, such as its length and the presence or absence of lining. [8] (#cite_note-:31-9) : 94 The ru ( 襦 ), when referring to a short jacket, [11] (#cite_note-:20-12) : 48–50 can be found with either short or long sleeves. [13] (#cite_note-:23-14) A short ru is also known as duanru ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 短襦 ; lit. 'short jacket'); [11] (#cite_note-:20-12) : 48–50 a type of duanru is the yaoru ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 腰襦 ; lit. 'waist jacket') which is waist-length. [8] (#cite_note-:31-9) : 94 In the Mawangdui Silk Manuscripts (/wiki/Mawangdui_Silk_Texts) , the character ru 《 襦 》refers to a 'short coat'. [14] (#cite_note-15) The Shuowen (/wiki/Shuowen_Jiezi) also described the ru as being a form of duanyi ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 短衣 ; lit. 'short clothing'. [15] (#cite_note-16) It is also described as a common form of duanyi in the Guangyun (/wiki/Guangyun) . [16] (#cite_note-17) In the Han dynasty (/wiki/Han_dynasty) , the ru could be unlined, lined or padded. [17] (#cite_note-:24-18) According to the Shiming (/wiki/Shiming) , [18] (#cite_note-:33-19) a ru is a padded jacket, which is soft and warm; [19] (#cite_note-:34-20) : 56 [18] (#cite_note-:33-19) a danru ( simplified Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 襌(单)襦 ; traditional Chinese (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters) : 襌(單)襦 ; lit. 'unlined jacket') is described as being similar to a ru which does not have cotton wadding. [19] (#cite_note-:34-20) : 56 There is also the term changru ( simplified Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 长襦 ; traditional Chinese (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters) : 長襦 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : chángrú ; lit. 'long jacket') which appear in texts and has been described as the precursor of the chang ao (/wiki/Chang%27ao) by scholars. [11] (#cite_note-:20-12) : 48–50 According to the Guangyun (/wiki/Guangyun) , however, the changru can also be a form of paofu (/wiki/Paofu) . [20] (#cite_note-21) In the Zhou dynasty (/wiki/Zhou_dynasty) , a long ru was referred as the gua while the furu referred to ru with lining and which was similar to the paofu in terms of form. [8] (#cite_note-:31-9) : 94 According to the Guangyun (/wiki/Guangyun) , a gua ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 袿 ) is also a form of changru . [21] (#cite_note-22) Other forms of changru included the shuhe ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 裋褐 ; lit. 'coarse clothing') which jiaolingyouren (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Jiaoling_youren) and could reach the knee- or the hip-level. [22] (#cite_note-23) Other terms, such as daru ( Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 大襦 ; lit. 'outerwear'), shangru ( Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 上襦 ; lit. 'jacket'), [23] (#cite_note-24) and yiru ( Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 衣襦 ), [13] (#cite_note-:23-14) also exist. Shan [ edit ] Illustration of shan (衫) from the Gujin Tushu Jicheng, between 1700 and 1725 AD. Illustration of shan with a youren round collar (yuanlingshan) and narrow sleeves, decorated with a flower square from the Qing dynasty Gujin Tushu Jicheng. According to the Ben Cang Gang Mu (/wiki/Compendium_of_Materia_Medica) 《 本草綱目 》written by Li Shizhen (/wiki/Li_Shizhen) 's time (1518 – 1593 AD), in ancient times, an unlined short garment, duanru ( 短襦 ; 'short jacket'), was called shan ( 衫 ); and in the time of Li Shizhen's time, the shan also came to refer to long garments ( simplified Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 长衣 ; traditional Chinese (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters) : 長衣 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : chángyī ; lit. 'long clothes'). [12] (#cite_note-:19-13) : 65 The term hanshan ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 汗衫 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : hànshān ; lit. ' sweat (/wiki/Perspiration) shirt') typically refers to a form an undershirt. [12] (#cite_note-:19-13) : 65 According to Li Shizhen, who quoted the Zhiguzi (/w/index.php?title=Zhiguzi&action=edit&redlink=1) 《 炙轂子 》by Wang Rui, the hanshan used to called zhongdan ( 中單 ), an inner unlined garment; it changed name when the zhongdan of King Han was seeped with sweat when the latter fought with Xiang yu (/wiki/Xiang_Yu) . [12] (#cite_note-:19-13) : 65 Ao [ edit ] Modern reconstruction of a long jacket called chang ao (/wiki/Chang%27ao) . Illustration of an ao decorated with flowers (寶相花裙襖) from the Qing dynasty, Gujin Tushu Jicheng. It is yuanling ao (/wiki/Yuanlingshan) with a round collar which closes to the right Illustration of ao (襖) from the Qing dynasty Gujin Tushu Jicheng. This ao shows a frontal closure. The term ao ( 袄 ; 襖 ) appears in a Sui dynasty (/wiki/Sui_dynasty) rime dictionary called Qieyun (/wiki/Qieyun) , published in 601 AD and can be translated as "padded coat", but it can also refer to a lined upper garment. [24] (#cite_note-:18-25) The term ao was sometimes used to refer to thicker forms of jacket which could be used as winter clothing. [25] (#cite_note-26) A jia ao ( 夹袄 ), for example, was a lined jacket which was used by Han Chinese women as winter clothing; the jia ao was typically worn on top of a long-length qun (/wiki/Qun) underneath. [26] (#cite_note-:36-27) Xi / zhe [ edit ] See also: Shanku (/wiki/Shanku) The term xi ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 褶 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%A4%B6) ; lit. ' coat (/wiki/Coat) '), sometimes pronounced zhe ( 褶 ), also exists and is typically associated with the upper garment worn in military clothing called kuzhe/kuxi (/wiki/Shanku) . Construction and design [ edit ] Collar designs [ edit ] Main article: Garment collars in Hanfu (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu) The ru is a form of jacket or coat, which typically closes to the right and is described as being youren (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Youren/_right_lapel) . [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) However, some styles can be found with a front central opening [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) which can be referred as duijin (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Central_front_collars) ( 对领 ) [27] (#cite_note-:27-28) or zhiling ( 直领 ). [28] (#cite_note-29) [29] (#cite_note-30) The ru can also be classified as jiaolingyouren (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Jiaoling_youren) when it is cross-collared closing on the right side, [30] (#cite_note-:2-31) dajin or xiejin (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Liling_(or_shuling)_dajin_/_Liling_(or_shuling)_xiejin) when it has an overlapping big oblique lapel, pianjin (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Liling_(or_shuling)_dajin_/_Liling_(or_shuling)_xiejin) when it has a slanted, big lapel, [27] (#cite_note-:27-28) [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) fangling (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Fangling/_square_collars) when it is squared collared, [31] (#cite_note-:16-32) and yuanling (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Yuanling/_panling/_round_collars) when it is round collared. [32] (#cite_note-33) It can also be found with or without a standing collar (/wiki/Mandarin_collar) , [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) which is referred as liling or shuling (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Standing_collars) . [31] (#cite_note-:16-32) The standing collars started to be incorporated in upper garments by the late Ming dynasty. Bodice [ edit ] The length of the bodice may vary; it can be waist-length or knee-length. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Slits can also be found at both sides of the lower hems of the bodice. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Sleeves [ edit ] The length of the sleeves can vary in length, such as wrist-length [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) and elbow length. [33] (#cite_note-:4-34) The shapes of the sleeves can also vary, such as big sleeves, narrow sleeves, large cuffs, mandarin sleeves, flared sleeves. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) [33] (#cite_note-:4-34) Cultural significance [ edit ] Symbol of Chinese civilization [ edit ] Clothing style which overlaps and closes to the right originated in China (/wiki/China) . [2] (#cite_note-:15-2) Chinese robes (/wiki/Paofu) and jackets must cover the right part in a style called youren (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Youren/_right_lapel) ( 右衽 ; yòurèn ; 'right lapel'). [34] (#cite_note-:7-35) The youren closure is an important symbol of the Han Chinese ethnicity (/wiki/Han_Chinese) . [34] (#cite_note-:7-35) The jiaolingyouren (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Jiaoling_youren) yi ( 交領右衽 衣 ; jiāolǐngyòurèn yī ) had been one of the major symbols of the Sino Kingdom, [3] (#cite_note-:6-4) and eventually spread throughout Asia. [5] (#cite_note-:14-6) Composition of jiaolingyouren yi [ edit ] The structure of the jiaolingyouren yi ( 交領右衽 衣 ; jiāolǐngyòurèn yī ) may have some differences and variations in terms of features depending on time period and styles of upper garment. For example, a style of Ming dynasty jiaolingyouren yi have the following features: Schema describing the different parts of a jiaolingyouren (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Jiaoling_youren) yi (Front view). The structure of this upper garment have some features which are specific to the style worn in the Ming dynasty Left side of the garment; Right side of the garment; Xiu (袖) - Sleeves; it is composed of the side of the body and the mei ; sleeves can come in various shapes and each shape has a specific name to describe it based on its shape; Mei (袂) - a panel of fabric attached to the left side of the garment, between the Ge (袼) and the Qu (袪); Ren (衽) - A side panel forming the chest part area; the left-side covers the right-side, youren (右衽); Jin (襟) - lapel (can be found on both sides; the right lapel is hidden); Qu (袪) - Sleeves cuffs for the wrists; can be narrow or loose; Ge (袼) - Sleeve root, the part where the sleeve is attached to the body of the garment; Lacing/ribbons - used to tied and closed the garment; Du (裻) - Middle seam of the clothes; it is where the Ren is sewed to side of the garment; there is also a middle seam at the back of the garments which joins the back of the left and right side of the garment called Zhongfeng (中缝); Huling (护领)- a collar guard, it is shorter than the actual collar and is used to prevent the collar from getting dirty or wear off. Chinese-barbarian dichotomy [ edit ] Main article: Hufu (/wiki/Hufu) The traditional way to distinguish between Hufu (/wiki/Hufu) and Hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) is by looking at the direction of the collar. [35] (#cite_note-:8-36) In Ancient China, some ethnic minorities had clothing which generally closed on the left side in a way referred as zuoren (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Zuoren/_left_lapel) ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 左衽 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : zuǒrèn ; lit. 'left lapel'). [34] (#cite_note-:7-35) This can be found in the Analects (/wiki/Analects) where Confucius (/wiki/Confucius) himself praised Guan Zhong (/wiki/Guan_Zhong) for preventing the weakened Zhou dynasty from becoming barbarians: [36] (#cite_note-:10-37) [37] (#cite_note-38) [38] (#cite_note-39) "But for Guan Zhong, we should now be wearing our hair unbound, and the lapels of our coats buttoning on the left side [微管仲，吾其被髮左衽矣]" Unbound hair and coats which were closed on the left side were associated with the clothing customs of the northern nomadic ethnic groups which were considered as barbarians by the Han Chinese. [36] (#cite_note-:10-37) Therefore, the zuoren were used to refer to Hufu and/or refer to the rule of foreign nationalities. [34] (#cite_note-:7-35) Exceptions [ edit ] Some paintings of the Ming dynasty depicts the Han Chinese with zuoren (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Zuoren/_left_lapel) garment, an atypical feature However, the youren rule was not always respected: for example, in some areas (such as Northern Hebei (/wiki/Hebei) ) in the 10th century, some ethnic Han Chinese could also be found wearing zuoren clothing. [39] (#cite_note-40) It was also common for the Han Chinese women to adopt zuoren under the reign of foreign nationalities, such as in the Yuan dynasty (/wiki/Yuan_dynasty) ; the use of zuoren also continued in some areas of the Ming dynasty (/wiki/Ming_dynasty) despite being Han-Chinese ruled dynasty, which is an atypical feature. [40] (#cite_note-41) Some non-Chinese ethnicities who also adopted Hanfu -style sometimes maintain their zuoren lapels, such as the Khitans (/wiki/Khitan_people) in the Liao dynasty (/wiki/Liao_dynasty) . [41] (#cite_note-:110-42) : 267 Funeral practices [ edit ] The only moment Han Chinese is supposed to use zuoren is when they dressed their deceased. [34] (#cite_note-:7-35) This is due to ancient Chinese beliefs in the Yin and Yang (/wiki/Yin_and_yang) theory, where it is believed that the left is the Yang aspect and stands for life whereas the right is the Yin which stands for death. [42] (#cite_note-:13-43) Based on this belief, the left lapel needs to be outside (i.e. youren -style) to indicate that the power of Yang is suppressing the Yin , which therefore symbolized the clothing of living people. [42] (#cite_note-:13-43) However, if Yin surpasses Yang (i.e. zuoren -style), then clothing becomes the clothing worn by the deceased. [42] (#cite_note-:13-43) It is therefore typically taboo (/wiki/Taboo) in Chinese clothing for a living person to wear zuoren . [42] (#cite_note-:13-43) History [ edit ] Huangdi (/wiki/Yellow_Emperor) wearing yichang , 151 AD. Clothing style with youren ( 右衽 ; yòurèn ; 'right lapel') closure originated in China (/wiki/China) . [2] (#cite_note-:15-2) Prior to the Eastern Han (/wiki/Han_dynasty) , the ru was the most common form of short robe for both men and women; however, the ru was preferred by women afterwards. [17] (#cite_note-:24-18) The long ru could reach the knee-level whereas the short ru was waist-length. [17] (#cite_note-:24-18) The ru could be found unlined, lined or padded. [17] (#cite_note-:24-18) Shang dynasty [ edit ] A standing dignitary wearing yichang , consisting of jiaolingyouren yi over chang , Shang dynasty. The jiaolingyouren yi ( 交領右衽 衣 ) started to be worn in the Shang dynasty (/wiki/Shang_dynasty) . [4] (#cite_note-:5-5) According to historical documents and archaeological findings, the basic form of clothing during Shang was yichang (/wiki/Ruqun) . [43] (#cite_note-:21-44) In the Shang dynasty, the yi was long reaching the knee-level and would be worn over a skirt called chang ; [44] (#cite_note-45) : 22 the yi worn by slaveholders had tight sleeves and were also closed on the right side following the youren -style. [43] (#cite_note-:21-44) Zhou dynasty [ edit ] In the Zhou dynasty (/wiki/Zhou_dynasty) , there were various forms of yi as a generic term of upper garments. [8] (#cite_note-:31-9) : 94 A typical form of yi was the ru . [8] (#cite_note-:31-9) : 94 The ru had different names in this period depending on its characteristics such as length and lining: gua referred to the long-length ru ; yaoru ( 腰襦 ; 'waist jacket') referred to the short-length ru ; furu referred to the ru with a lining and was therefore suitable to protect its wearer from the cold in winter if it was filled with silk or flax; the furu was similar to the paofu (/wiki/Paofu) in form. [8] (#cite_note-:31-9) : 94 Han dynasty and Three Kingdom period [ edit ] In the Han dynasty (/wiki/Han_dynasty) , short waist-length ru could be worn with trousers or skirts by men and women respectively. [note 2] (#cite_note-46) [43] (#cite_note-:21-44) In the Han and Wei (/wiki/Cao_Wei) dynasties, the sleeves of the ru could be wide or narrow; the ru was closed to the right. [17] (#cite_note-:24-18) A form of shan which appeared in the Han and Wei period was a new type of gown which had equal front pieces which were straight instead of being jiaolingyouren and was fastened with a string; it was also a form of unlined upper garment with straight sleeves and wide cuffs. [17] (#cite_note-:24-18) This shan was worn by men and women and became popular as it was more convenient for wearing. [17] (#cite_note-:24-18) Jiaolingyouren upper garments Guardians of day and night, Han dynasty. Women wearing jacket (ru) under their skirts. Eastern Han. Jin dynasty, Northern and Southern dynasties period [ edit ] A ru , Former Qin (/wiki/Former_Qin) , Sixteen Kingdoms (/wiki/Sixteen_Kingdoms) . This section is empty. You can help by adding to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ru_(upper_garment)&action=edit§ion=) . ( June 2022 ) Sui and Tang dynasties [ edit ] Tang dynasty [ edit ] See also: Daxiushan (/wiki/Daxiushan) and Banbi (/wiki/Banbi) The ru , [45] (#cite_note-47) shan , and ao were common garment items for women in the Tang dynasty (/wiki/Tang_dynasty) . [46] (#cite_note-48) The ru (as a short jacket) and shan (as an unlined short robe) were used for ceremonial and daily clothing by women. [47] (#cite_note-:29-49) Some jackets in Tang dynasty could be found with narrow sleeves, [5] (#cite_note-:14-6) while other upper garments could be found with loose sleeves. [43] (#cite_note-:21-44) The Tang dynasty ru could also be a tight jacket or a cotton-padded jacket, which could have embroidered golden line as embellishment at the collar and sleeves or could sometimes be decorated with silk damask (/wiki/Damask) . [48] (#cite_note-:22-50) Duijin (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Duijin/_central_front_collars/_parallel_collars) shan were also worn by women in this period; [49] (#cite_note-:26-51) : 3 [50] (#cite_note-52) a form of duijin shan was the daxiushan (/wiki/Daxiushan) which became popular when the Hufu -style declined in popularity. [51] (#cite_note-53) : 94 Woman wearing jiaoling youren jacket, Tang dynasty. Paintings of women wearing daxiushan (/wiki/Daxiushan) (大袖衫) during the Tang dynasty (/wiki/Tang_dynasty) . Song dynasty [ edit ] See also: Beizi (/wiki/Beizi) In the Song dynasty (/wiki/Song_dynasty) , the daxiushan (/wiki/Daxiushan) (shirt with large/broad sleeves) was a form of fashionable formal clothing. [48] (#cite_note-:22-50) Song dynasty, women wore jiaolingyouren jackets and duijin jackets. [49] (#cite_note-:26-51) : 9–16 The short ru was a daily garment item for women; the closures of the short ru were found either on the left or right of the front of the garment. [52] (#cite_note-54) Clothing worn by the Northern Song dynasty people living in Kaifeng are depicted in the on the painting Qingming Festival on the River (/wiki/Along_the_River_During_the_Qingming_Festival) by Zhang Zeduan. [53] (#cite_note-:32-55) : 70 This painting depicts the clothing worn by people holding different social status, ranks, and occupation: the jackets worn as outer garments were all short, about knee-length or shorter, when worn by coolies, pedlars, peasants, and boat people and children who peddled dried fruits wore short white shan. [53] (#cite_note-:32-55) : 70 Song dynasty women Duijin shan made of luo (罗), Song dynasty. Liao dynasty [ edit ] See also: Fashion in the Liao dynasty (/wiki/Fashion_in_the_Liao_dynasty) Non-elite Khitan women wearing Song-style fashion, including jiaolingyouren jacket over narrow skirt [47] (#cite_note-:29-49) and beizi (/wiki/Beizi) . Song dynasty-style fashion, including jiaolingyouren jackets, continued to be worn by both Han Chinese and non-elite Khitan women in the Liao dynasty (/wiki/Liao_dynasty) ; these jackets were waist-length. [47] (#cite_note-:29-49) Yuan dynasty [ edit ] Main article: Fashion in the Yuan dynasty (/wiki/Fashion_in_the_Yuan_dynasty) Both the jiaolingyouren and the jiaolingzuoren jackets for women coexisted in the Yuan dynasty (/wiki/Yuan_dynasty) . The wearing of zuoren (instead of youren ) was common in the Yuan dynasty. [54] (#cite_note-:9-56) Han Chinese women also wore jia ao ( 夹袄 ), a form of lined jacket, typically over a long-length qun (/wiki/Qun) underneath as winter clothing (/wiki/Winter_clothing) . [26] (#cite_note-:36-27) Ming dynasty [ edit ] See also: Chang'ao (/wiki/Chang%27ao) and Yuanlingshan (/wiki/Yuanlingshan) Following the end of the Yuan dynasty (/wiki/Yuan_dynasty) , the wearing of zuoren in women's clothing persisted in the Ming dynasty (/wiki/Ming_dynasty) for at least Chinese women who lived in the province of Shanxi (/wiki/Shanxi) . [54] (#cite_note-:9-56) Ming dynasty portrait paintings showing Chinese women dressing in zuoren jackets appeared to be characteristic of ancestral portraits from the province of Shanxi and most likely in the areas neighbouring the province. [54] (#cite_note-:9-56) In the Ming dynasty, the ao as a long jacket became more prevalent at the expense of the short ru . [11] (#cite_note-:20-12) : 48–50 According to the Discourse of Northern Learning ( Pukhak ŭi; 北學議: 완역정본) by Pak Chega (1750–1805) who visited the Qing dynasty in 1778, in the Ming dynasty, Chinese women's upper garment barely covered the waist during the Hongzhi era (1488–1505); their upper garments then gradually became longer and reached below the knee-level during the Zhengde era (1506–1521). [55] (#cite_note-:30-57) : 72–74 Pak Chega based his description of Chinese women's clothing by using the Records of Daily Study ( Rizhilu ) by Gu Yanwu (/wiki/Gu_Yanwu) (1613–1682), a scholar from the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. [55] (#cite_note-:30-57) : 194 Woman wearing a waist-length jacket, Ming dynasty. Waist-length fangling ao (square collared jacket), Changling Tomb of the Ming dynasty. Waist-length duijin ao (lined jacket), Ming dynasty. Portrait of women wearing long jiaoling youren jacket ( chang'ao (/wiki/Chang%27ao) ) decorated with buzi, Ming dynasty. Noble lady wearing a round-collared jacket as upper garment and a skirt as lower garment (front) Lady-in-waiting wearing a short-sleeved round collar jacket with a skirt (left), Ming dynasty. Noble lady wearing a round-collared jacket as upper garment and a skirt as lower garment (front) Lady-in-waiting wearing a short-sleeved round collar jacket with a skirt (left), Ming dynasty. By the late Ming dynasty, jackets with high collars (/wiki/Mandarin_collar) , known as liling or shuling (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Standing_collars) , [31] (#cite_note-:16-32) started to appear. [11] (#cite_note-:20-12) : 93–94 The standup collar were closed with interlocking buttons made of gold and silver, [56] (#cite_note-:022-58) called zimukou ( Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 子母扣 ). [57] (#cite_note-59) The appearance of interlocking buckle promoted the emergence and the popularity of the standup collar and the Chinese jacket with buttons at the front, and laid the foundation of the use of Chinese knot buckles (/wiki/Frog_(fastening)) . [56] (#cite_note-:022-58) In women garments of the Ming dynasty, the standup collar with gold and silver zimukou became one of the most distinctive and popular form of clothing structure; it became commonly used in women's clothing reflecting the conservative concept of Ming women's chastity by keeping their bodies covered and due to the climate changes during the Ming dynasty (i.e. the average temperature was low in China). [56] (#cite_note-:022-58) There were at least two types of high collar jackets in the Ming dynasty: liling duijin (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Liling_(or_shuling)_duijin) shan ( Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 立领对襟衫 ) which is jacket with high collar and closes at the front centrally, and liling dajin (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Liling_(or_shuling)_dajin_/_Liling_(or_shuling)_xiejin) changshan ( Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 立领大襟长衫 ) which is a long jacket with stand-up collar, it overlaps from the neck and closes at the right side. [31] (#cite_note-:16-32) The liling dajin changshan is typically worn with a skirt, called mamianqun (/wiki/Mamianqun) . [31] (#cite_note-:16-32) Noble woman wearing a long jacket with right side closure and a high collar. This is style of jacket is referred as liling dajin changshan (立领大襟长衫). [58] (#cite_note-60) Noble woman wearing a long jacket with right side closure and a high collar, Ming dynasty. Qing dynasty [ edit ] See also: Chinese embroidery (/wiki/Chinese_embroidery) , Yunjian (/wiki/Yunjian) , and Qizhuang (/wiki/Qizhuang) As Han women were not forced to change into Manchu clothing in the Qing dynasty (/wiki/Qing_dynasty) , Han women of the Qing dynasty followed the style of female jacket worn in the Ming dynasty (/wiki/Ming_dynasty) . [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) The Han Chinese women carefully maintained their pure Han Chinese ethnicity and did not wear Manchu clothing (/wiki/Qizhuang) . [30] (#cite_note-:2-31) Over time, the Ming dynasty customs were gradually forgotten. [30] (#cite_note-:2-31) The clothing of the Han and the Manchu eventually influenced each other. [59] (#cite_note-:3-61) However, Manchu women and Han Chinese women never emulated each other's clothing; and as a result, by the end of the nineteenth century, Manchu and Han Chinese women had maintained distinctive clothing. [60] (#cite_note-62) In the early Qing, Han women continued wearing Ming dynasty hanfu; in the South, the jiaoling ao and shan continued to be worn with long skirts by most women while in the North, trousers (/wiki/Ku_(trousers)) were more common. [8] (#cite_note-:31-9) : 97 In the mid-Qing clothing, fashionable styles were associated to those worn in the late 16th and early 17th century. [61] (#cite_note-:25-63) According to the Discourse of Northern Learning ( Pukhak ŭi; 北學議: 완역정본) by Pak Chega (1750–1805) who visited the Qing dynasty in 1778, Chinese women wore upper and lower garments which were similar to those worn in ancient paintings. [55] (#cite_note-:30-57) : 72–74 Pak described the jackets had collars which were round and narrow and were fastened just below the chin; he also described them as being typically long enough to conceal the entire body although in some cases, the jacket would be long enough to be just below the knee-level. [55] (#cite_note-:30-57) : 72–74 Pak also observed that the Chinese women's clothing preserved the old traditions (which were mostly intact) and which he contrasted with the Joseon women's clothing trend which he claimed to be taking more after Mongolian in style, an influence which he attributed to the close relationship between Goryeo and the Yuan dynasty and continued to exist in Joseon during his lifetime. [55] (#cite_note-:30-57) : 72–74 After the Mid-Qing dynasty, Manchu clothing, called qizhuang (/wiki/Qizhuang) , started to influence the women's hanfu. [8] (#cite_note-:31-9) : 97 In the late 18th and 19th century, there was a dramatic shift in fashion aesthetics. [61] (#cite_note-:25-63) New silhouettes were recorded in various pictorial and written sources, which were different from those worn in the Ming dynasty (i.e. loose and long layered jackets and skirts which were more unstructured [61] (#cite_note-:25-63) ), with the appearance of wider and more structured forms of Han Chinese women's jackets (including shan , ao , and gua (/wiki/Qungua#Construction_and_Design) ). [27] (#cite_note-:27-28) The trend in this period was characterized on the emphasis on decorative trims and accessories which were modular and could be easily produced, purchased and then applied on the clothing (including robes, jackets, and skirts); those forms of modular features included collars, sleeve-bands and border decorations. [27] (#cite_note-:27-28) The borders decoration in contrasting colours were used throughout the clothing history of China and were recorded early on in history (e.g. in the Liji ). [62] (#cite_note-:28-64) During this period, auspicious symbols and narrative scenery were especially made into embroidered roundels and borders and became fashionable in Han Chinese women's clothing; this new trend was an influence of the late imperial secularization of arts and culture on textiles. [27] (#cite_note-:27-28) They were also lavished with embroideries which were based on the Chinese symbolic system, which was itself based on Chinese language, mythology, customs, and literature, and belief system (e.g. Confucianist and Taoist motifs). [62] (#cite_note-:28-64) The wide sleeves used in the upper garment were a heritage of the Ming dynasty and a distinctive feature which differentiated Hanfu from Manchu clothing. [59] (#cite_note-:3-61) In terms of length, the long jacket ( ao ) was about below the hip level or at the knee level [62] (#cite_note-:28-64) but were never as long as the Manchu robes, it was however longer than the waist-length jacket ( yaoru ) which appeared to have fallen from popularity during the 18th century. [59] (#cite_note-:3-61) Chinese women wearing different forms of ao, images extracted from Geschichte des Kostüms, published 1905. The dajin youren (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Liling_(or_shuling)_dajin_/_Liling_(or_shuling)_xiejin) ao ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 大襟右衽袄 ) continued to be worn. [27] (#cite_note-:27-28) In the late Qing, these dajin youren (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Liling_(or_shuling)_dajin_/_Liling_(or_shuling)_xiejin) ao had neither darts nor shoulder stitching; the front and back panels are connected by the shoulder, and the left and right pieces are more or less symmetrical. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) It has a front centre closure and then curves crossover to the right before secured with frog buttons in a style called pianjin (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Pipa-shaped_collar) . [11] (#cite_note-:20-12) : 48–50 The front closing, collar, hem, and sleeves cuff have edging of contrasting pipings and side slits. [11] (#cite_note-:20-12) : 48–50 The jackets could also be decorated with yunjian (/wiki/Yunjian) appliqué (/wiki/Appliqu%C3%A9) . [27] (#cite_note-:27-28) Woman's short coat decorated with a Yunjian appliqué, early 19th century. There is a small round neck opening, and overlap buttoned at neck with two ball buttons and at right side seam with three buttons Han women's ao, late 19th century Wedding jacket and skirt ( aoqun (/wiki/Ruqun) ), c. 1900. Mangao in the style of a yuanlingshan (/wiki/Yuanlingshan) , Qing dynasty. There was also a special form of ao called mangao, [63] (#cite_note-65) : 184 which was typically used as part of a type of Chinese wedding dress attire (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_wedding_dress) . The duijin ao (jackets with front opening) were also worn. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) [27] (#cite_note-:27-28) The duijin ao in the 19th century could be round neck with no collar or have small stand-up collars. [27] (#cite_note-:27-28) The jiaolingyouren yi continued to be worn in the Qing dynasty even in the 19th century by children. [30] (#cite_note-:2-31) Woman's theatrical jacket, Qing dynasty, 19th century. Republic of China [ edit ] In the early Republic of China (/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)) , the dajin youren ao were found with narrow sleeves; the length of the sleeves could be found wrist-length, [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) and higher standing collar (e.g. saddle/ingot collar or ear-length collar). [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) These high collars were gradually lowered. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) After the May 4th Movement (/wiki/May_Fourth_Movement) , these high collars were abandoned due to their inconvenience. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) In the 1920s, the jackets had curved lower hem at the waist-hip region and low standing collar; it was a component of the Wenming xinzhuang Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 文明新裝 ; lit. 'Civilized new dress'). [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) [33] (#cite_note-:4-34) After the 1930s, these forms of upper garments lost popularity and decreased in use, as they were replaced by qipao (/wiki/Cheongsam) and Western dress. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Woman wearing dajin youren jacket (ao) with skirt, 1920. 21st century [ edit ] Following the Hanfu movement (/wiki/Hanfu_Movement) in 2003, many various forms, shapes, and styles of Hanfu upper garments have reappeared and regained popularity. [64] (#cite_note-:35-66) 21st century Yellow fangling (square collared) ao, 2020 Pink waist-length yuanlingshan (/wiki/Yuanlingshan) with decorative roundels and jiaoling youren ao, Ming style, 2021 Influences and derivatives [ edit ] East Asia [ edit ] Japanese woman wearing a white kimono and hibakama. The youren (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Youren/_right_lapel) closure was adopted by the Japanese in 718 through the Yoro Code (/wiki/Y%C5%8Dr%C5%8D_Code) which stipulated that all robes had to be closed from the left to the right in a typical Chinese way [65] (#cite_note-67) Excavated jeogori which overlaps at the front and closes to the right. The youren closure was also adopted by the Koreans during the Three Kingdoms period who changed the closure of their jeogori from left to right by imitating Chinese jackets; the right closure is a feature which still exists in present-days hanbok. [66] (#cite_note-68) [67] (#cite_note-69) Initially, the jeogori closed at the front, then switched to a left closure before eventually closing to the right side. [68] (#cite_note-:17-70) Closing the jeogori to the right has become standard practice since the sixth century AD. [68] (#cite_note-:17-70) King Hyonjong of Goryeo had been said to have composed a poem in 1018 stating, "Had it not been for Kang, evermore would our coats on the left be bound", when Kang Kamch'an won against the invading Khitan. [35] (#cite_note-:8-36) [69] (#cite_note-71) The Chinese Ming dynasty also bestowed the ceremonial attire and daily clothing to the Joseon queens from the reign of King Munjong to the reign of King Seonjo whenever a new king was enthroned; the bestowed clothing included ao (襖, called o in Korea), qun (/wiki/Ruqun) (裙, called gun in Korean), and dansam (unlined jacket). [70] (#cite_note-72) [71] (#cite_note-73) The Vietnamese used to wear the áo giao lĩnh (/wiki/%C3%81o_giao_l%C4%A9nh) (cross-collared robe) which were identical to those worn by Han Chinese people before adopting the áo ngũ thân (/w/index.php?title=%C3%81o_ng%C5%A9_th%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1) [72] (#cite_note-74) [73] (#cite_note-75) ), [74] (#cite_note-76) a loose-fitting shirt with a stand-up collar (/wiki/Mandarin_collar) and a diagonal right side closure which run from the neck to the armpit and trousers. [75] (#cite_note-:11-77) [76] (#cite_note-:12-78) The standing-up collar and diagonal right closure are two features inspired by Chinese and Manchu clothing. [75] (#cite_note-:11-77) [76] (#cite_note-:12-78) The change in upper garment style along with the adoption of Chinese-style trousers (/wiki/Shanku) was decreed by the Nguyễn lords (/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_lords) who ruled the south region of Vietnam and who wanted to differentiate their people from those living in the north and were ruled by the Trịnh lords (/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%8Bnh_lords) . [75] (#cite_note-:11-77) Two women wearing áo giao lĩnh (/wiki/%C3%81o_giao_l%C4%A9nh) in Tonkin (/wiki/Tonkin) around the 1700s. Vietnamese women wearing áo ngũ thân (/w/index.php?title=%C3%81o_ng%C5%A9_th%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1) , 1904. The people of Ryukyu wore cross-collar upper garment called dujin (胴衣; ドゥジン), which was only worn by members of the Ryukyu royal family and by the upper-class warrior families. [77] (#cite_note-79) The old-style dujin was initially more Chinese in style before gradually becoming more Japanese in style. [78] (#cite_note-80) Illustration of Ryukyu upper clothing called Jin (衣) by the people of Ryukyu, 1721, from the Zhongshan chuanxinlu 《中山傳信錄》; Men and women wore similar form of jin. [79] (#cite_note-81) Ryukyu woman wearing Chinese-style dujin (胴衣; ドゥジン) upper garment and skirt (called kakan) America and Europe [ edit ] Main articles: wrap dress (/wiki/Wrap_dress) and Chinoiserie in fashion (/wiki/Chinoiserie_in_fashion) British Chinoiserie fashion had incorporated key elements from the construction design of Chinese clothing, including the use of wide sleeves and side closure; these designs were then adapted to meet the aesthetic tastes of Europeans. [80] (#cite_note-:142-82) : 239 The design of wrap-style closure or neckline, known as jiaoling (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Jiaoling_youren) ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 交領 ; lit. 'intersecting collar') in China, in European garments was the results of the heavy influences of Orientalism (/wiki/Orientalism) which was popular in the 19th century. [81] (#cite_note-:03-83) [note 3] (#cite_note-84) Two Chinese inspired wrap top (#3920 and #4777) and a Japanese inspired wrap-top (#744), early 1900s, images from The Delineator (/wiki/The_Delineator) Volume 58, dated 1901. Chinese also influenced various designs and styles of déshabillé (/wiki/Negligee) in the United States (/wiki/United_States) . [82] (#cite_note-:172-85) Chinese jackets with wrap closure also influenced American fashion in the early 1900s; an example of such jacket is the San toy (#4777), which appeared in American women's magazine, The Delineator (/wiki/The_Delineator) , in 1901. In volume 57, The Delineator described it as being "Ladies' Chinese dressing", and as having "a strong suggestion of the Orient". [83] (#cite_note-:312-86) : 216–217 The San toy was designed to be loose-fitting, a wrap closure on the left side (known as jiaoling zuoren in China) which closes with satin ribbon ties; it also featured deep side vents, which was considered as being a "novel effect", and was trimmed with a single band creating a fancy outline. [83] (#cite_note-:312-86) : 206, 217 The San toy of Volume 57 (#4777) reappeared in Volume 58 of The Delineator along with another Chinese-style inspired wrap top (#3920), one of which closed on the right side (known as jiaoling youren in China) with a single ribbon. [84] (#cite_note-:37-87) : 152 The Ladies' Chinese dressing sac #3920 appeared at least a year earlier and was published in Volume 56 of The Delineator of 1900. [85] (#cite_note-88) Likewise, Japanese Kimono-style with wrap closure, also influenced American summer fashion in the early 1900s; these became known as Misses' or girls' Japanese wrapper or lounging-robe . [84] (#cite_note-:37-87) : 55 Chinese-style garments, including Chinese tops, designed by US designers in 1910s, published from the Chinese Summer dress from Ladies’ Home Journal of June 1913: Vol 30 Issue 6, page 26 and 27 There are also photographic evidences of Chinese robes being used outside its wearer's home as fashion items with little or no adaption from the 1920s. [80] (#cite_note-:142-82) : 248 The loosening of women's fashion found in the 1920s loose-fitting fashion, especially the disappearance of nipped-in corset, appears to have also been influenced by the loose lines and roomy armholes of the traditional Chinese robes and jackets along with other factors, such as the experience of freedoms of elite women at that time, the sportswear-designs of Chanel, and the garment designs by Paul Poiret who designed Middle-Eastern inspired garments. [86] (#cite_note-:162-89) Usage [ edit ] Shanku (/wiki/Shanku) Ruqun (/wiki/Ruqun) See also [ edit ] Áo giao lĩnh (/wiki/%C3%81o_giao_l%C4%A9nh) Banbi (/wiki/Banbi) Bijia (/wiki/Bijia) Beizi (/wiki/Beizi) Paofu (/wiki/Paofu) Hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) List of Hanfu (/wiki/List_of_Hanfu) Garment collars in Hanfu (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu) Hufu (/wiki/Hufu) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-3) jiaolingyouren (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Jiaoling_youren) garment can also be described as y-shaped collar or being a cross-collar garment closing to the right. ^ (#cite_ref-46) See main pages ruqun (/wiki/Ruqun) and shanku (/wiki/Shanku) for more details ^ (#cite_ref-84) Such as British tea gowns of the 19th century References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Jiang, Wanyi; Li, Zhaoqing (2021-01-06). Analysis on Evolution, Design and Application of Women's Traditional Coats in Beijing in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China . Atlantis Press. pp. 641–648. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2991/assehr.k.210106.123 (https://doi.org/10.2991%2Fassehr.k.210106.123) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-94-6239-314-1 . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 234293619 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:234293619) . ^ Jump up to: a b c Yu, Song-Ok (1980). "A Comparative Study on the Upper Garment in the Ancient East and West" (https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO198020336527455.page) . Journal of the Korean Society of Costume . 3 : 29–46. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1229-6880 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1229-6880) . ^ Jump up to: a b c Ho, Wei; Lee, Eun-Young (2009). "Modem Meaning of Han Chinese Clothing(韓服)" (https://koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO200916263468106.page) . Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association . 11 (1): 99–109. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1229-7240 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1229-7240) . ^ Jump up to: a b Zhao, Yin (2014). Snapshots of Chinese culture . Xinzhi Cai. Los Angeles. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-62643-003-7 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 912499249 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/912499249) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ Jump up to: a b c d Kidd, Laura K.; Lee, Younsoo (2002). "The Style Characteristics of the Hwalot, with a Focus on One Robe from the Collection of the Honolulu Academy of Arts" (https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0887302x0202000101) . Clothing and Textiles Research Journal . 20 (1): 1–14. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1177/0887302x0202000101 (https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0887302x0202000101) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0887-302X (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0887-302X) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 110839493 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:110839493) . ^ Jump up to: a b Han, Jiantang (2012). Chinese characters . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 132. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-521-18660-5 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 761380349 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/761380349) . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Book of Poetry : Lessons from the states Odes Of Bei Lu Yi" (https://ctext.org/book-of-poetry/lu-yi) . ctext.org . Retrieved 2022-06-13 . Green is the upper robe, Green with a yellow lining! [...] Green is the upper robe, Green the upper, and yellow the lower garment. [綠兮衣兮、綠衣黃裏。[...] 綠兮衣兮、綠衣黃裳。] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Gu, Weilie (2022). A GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO CHINESE CULTURE . US: American Academic Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781631815379 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "The Analects : Zi Han" (https://ctext.org/analects/zi-han) . ctext.org . Retrieved 2022-06-13 . When the Master saw a person in a mourning dress, or any one with the cap and upper and lower garments [衣裳] of full dress, or a blind person, on observing them approaching, though they were younger than himself, he would rise up, and if he had to pass by them, he would do so hastily. [子見齊衰者、冕衣裳者與瞽者，見之，雖少必作；過之，必趨。] ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Book of Changes : Xi Ci II - 衣裳 - Chinese Text Project" (https://ctext.org/book-of-changes/xi-ci-xia/ens?searchu=%E8%A1%A3%E8%A3%B3) . ctext.org . Retrieved 2022-06-13 . Huang Di, Yao, and Shun (simply) wore their upper and lower garments (as patterns to the people), and good order was secured all under heaven. [是以自天佑之，吉无不利，黄帝、尧、舜垂衣裳而天下治，盖取诸乾坤。] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Finnane, Antonia (2008). Changing clothes in China : fashion, history, nation . New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-231-14350-9 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 84903948 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/84903948) . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Li, Shizhen (2021). Ben cao gang mu : 16th century Chinese encyclopedia of materia medica and natural history : the complete Chinese text . Paul U. Unschuld. Oakland, California: Univ of California Press, 2021. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-520-37989-3 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1196241770 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1196241770) . ^ Jump up to: a b Legal practice in the formative stages of the Chinese empire : an annotated translation of the exemplary Qin criminal cases from the Yuelu Academy collection . Thies Staack, Ulrich Lau, Yuelu shu yuan. Leiden. 2016. p. 219. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-90-04-31565-5 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 940958336 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/940958336) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) CS1 maint: others ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) ) ^ (#cite_ref-15) Fendos, Paul G. (2018). The Book of Changes . Wilmington: Vernon Press. p. 265. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-62273-406-1 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1056907935 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1056907935) . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Shuo Wen Jie Zi : 卷九 : 衣部 - Chinese Text Project" (https://ctext.org/shuo-wen-jie-zi/yi-bu3) . ctext.org (in Chinese (Taiwan)) . Retrieved 2022-06-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "廣韻 : 上平聲 : 虞 : 儒 - 襦：《說文》云：短衣也，俗作。 - 中國哲學書電子化計劃" (https://ctext.org/text.pl?node=290638&if=gb) . ctext.org (in Chinese (Taiwan)) . Retrieved 2022-06-14 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g The University of California (1997). 中國文學 Issues 379-382 . Foreign Languages Press. p. 177. ^ Jump up to: a b "Shi Ming : 釋衣服" (https://ctext.org/shi-ming/shi-yi-fu) . ctext.org (in Chinese (Taiwan)) . Retrieved 2022-06-22 . ^ Jump up to: a b Nienhauser, William H. (2016). Tang dynasty tales : a guided reader. Volume 2 . Singapore: World Scientific. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-981-4719-53-7 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 936538895 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/936538895) . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "廣韻 : 下平聲 : 豪 : 袍 - Chinese Text Project" (https://ctext.org/text.pl?node=295087&if=en) . ctext.org . Retrieved 2022-06-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "廣韻 : 上平聲 : 齊 : 圭 - Chinese Text Project" (https://ctext.org/text.pl?node=291533&if=en) . ctext.org . Retrieved 2022-06-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) Qin shi huang ling bing ma yong keng yi hao keng fa jue bao gao, 1974-1984 . Shanxi Sheng kao gu yan jiu suo, Shanxi shi huang ling Qin yong keng kao gu fa jue dui, 陜西省考古研究所, 陜西始皇陵秦俑坑考古发掘队. (Di 1 ban ed.). Beijing: Wen wu chu ban she. 1988. p. 490. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 7-5010-0174-X . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 21157680 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/21157680) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: others ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) ) ^ (#cite_ref-24) Peng, Hao; Zhang, Ling (2018). "On "Skirts" and "Trousers" in the Qin Dynasty Manuscript Making Clothes in the Collection of Peking University" (https://dlib.eastview.com/browse/doc/54663802) . Chinese Cultural Relics . 5 (1): 248–268. ^ (#cite_ref-:18_25-0) Howard, Michael C. (2016). Textiles and clothing of Viet Nam : a history . Jefferson, North Carolina. p. 52. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4766-6332-6 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 933520702 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/933520702) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ (#cite_ref-26) Wang, Anita Xiaoming (2018). "The Idealised Lives of Women: Visions of Beauty in Chinese Popular Prints of the Qing Dynasty" (https://www.jstor.org/stable/26585538) . Arts Asiatiques . 73 : 61–80. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.3406/arasi.2018.1993 (https://doi.org/10.3406%2Farasi.2018.1993) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0004-3958 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0004-3958) . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 26585538 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/26585538) . ^ Jump up to: a b "Luozhi jia ao" (http://www.gansumuseum.com/dc/show-439.html) 罗质夹袄 . www.gansumuseum.com . Retrieved 2022-08-13 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Silberstein, Rachel (2016). "Fashionable Figures: Narrative Roundels and Narrative Borders in Nineteenth-Century Han Chinese Women's Dress" (https://www.euppublishing.com/doi/abs/10.1080/05908876.2015.1129859) . Costume . 50 : 63–89. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1080/05908876.2015.1129859 (https://doi.org/10.1080%2F05908876.2015.1129859) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0590-8876 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0590-8876) . ^ (#cite_ref-29) "4 Tips You Should Know about Ruqun - 2022" (https://www.newhanfu.com/483.html) . www.newhanfu.com . 2019 . Retrieved 2022-02-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) Silberstein, Rachel (2020). A fashionable century : textile artistry and commerce in the late Qing . Seattle. p. 22. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-295-74719-4 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1121420666 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1121420666) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ Jump up to: a b c d Garrett, Valery M. (2007). Chinese dress : from the Qing Dynasty to the Present . Tokyo: Tuttle Pub. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-8048-3663-0 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 154701513 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/154701513) . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Guide of the Ming Dynasty Shan/Ao Types for Girls - 2022" (https://www.newhanfu.com/17898.html) . www.newhanfu.com . 2 July 2021 . Retrieved 2022-02-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "Women's Clothing Changes During the Ming and Qing Dynasties" (https://www.newhanfu.com/12220.html) . www.newhanfu.com . 14 February 2021 . Retrieved 2022-02-08 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Styling Shanghai . Christopher Breward, Juliette MacDonald. London, UK. 2020. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-350-05114-0 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1029205918 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1029205918) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) CS1 maint: others ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) ) ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Ma, Xiaofang (2018). "Study on the Aesthetics of Han Chinese Clothing Culture in the TV Play q Nirvana in Fireq". Study on the Aesthetics of Han Chinese Clothing Culture in the TV Play "Nirvana in Fire" . Atlantis Press. pp. 639–643. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2991/iccessh-18.2018.143 (https://doi.org/10.2991%2Ficcessh-18.2018.143) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-94-6252-528-3 . ^ Jump up to: a b Xu, Jing (2016). A Chinese traveler in medieval Korea : Xu Jing's illustrated account of the Xuanhe embassy to Koryo . Sem Vermeersch. Honolulu. pp. 331–332. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-8248-6683-9 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 950971983 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/950971983) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ Jump up to: a b Kang, Chae-ŏn (2006). The land of scholars : two thousand years of Korean Confucianism . Suzanne Lee (1st ed.). Paramus, New Jersey. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1-931907-30-7 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 60931394 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/60931394) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ (#cite_ref-38) "論語 : 憲問 - 微管仲，吾其被髮左衽矣。 - 中國哲學書電子化計劃" (https://ctext.org/analects/xian-wen/zh?searchu=%E5%BE%AE%E7%AE%A1%E4%BB%B2%EF%BC%8C%E5%90%BE%E5%85%B6%E8%A2%AB%E9%AB%AE%E5%B7%A6%E8%A1%BD%E7%9F%A3%E3%80%82) . ctext.org (in Chinese (Taiwan)) . Retrieved 2022-02-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-39) Dress and ideology : fashioning identity from antiquity to the present . Shoshana-Rose Marzel, Guy Stiebel. London. 2015. p. 41. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4725-5808-4 . 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OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 192050158 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/192050158) . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Shi, Songge (2021). "Travelling With Hanfu: A Social Media Analysis of Contemporary Chinese Travelling for Artistic Photographs" (https://openrepository.aut.ac.nz/handle/10292/13916) . {{ cite journal (/wiki/Template:Cite_journal) }} : Cite journal requires |journal= ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical) ) ^ Jump up to: a b c d Feng, Ge (2015). Traditional Chinese rites and rituals . Zhengming Du. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. 15–18. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4438-8783-0 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 935642485 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/935642485) . ^ (#cite_ref-45) Lüsted, Marcia Amidon (2016). Ancient Chinese daily life (First ed.). New York. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4777-8889-9 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 957525459 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/957525459) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ (#cite_ref-47) "Women's Common Dress in Tang Dynasty and Its Features at Different Stages--《Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Engineering》2006年11期" (https://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-WFGB200611001.htm) . en.cnki.com.cn . Retrieved 2022-02-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-48) Chen, Buyun (2019). Empire of style : silk and fashion in Tang China . Seattle. p. 84. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-295-74531-2 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1101879641 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1101879641) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ Jump up to: a b c SHEA, Eiren L. (2021-12-15). "Intentional Identities: Liao Women's Dress and Cultural and Political Power" (https://doi.org/10.22679/AVS.2021.6.2.003) . Acta Via Serica . 6 (2): 37–60. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.22679/AVS.2021.6.2.003 (https://doi.org/10.22679%2FAVS.2021.6.2.003) . ^ Jump up to: a b Introduction to Chinese culture : cultural history, arts, festivals and rituals . Guobin Xu, Yanhui Chen, Lianhua Xu, Kaiju Chen, Xiyuan Xiong, Wenquan Wu. Singapore. 2018. pp. 184–185. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-981-10-8156-9 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1030303372 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1030303372) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) CS1 maint: others ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) ) ^ Jump up to: a b Sun, Ming-ju (2002). Chinese fashions . Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-486-42053-1 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 55693573 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/55693573) . ^ (#cite_ref-52) "Types and Wear Styles of Tang Dynasty Women's Clothing" (https://www.newhanfu.com/7848.html) . www.newhanfu.com . 10 November 2020 . Retrieved 2022-02-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-53) 5000 years of Chinese costumes . Xun Zhou, Chunming Gao, 周汛, Shanghai Shi xi qu xue xiao. Zhongguo fu zhuang shi yan jiu zu. San Francisco, CA: China Books & Periodicals. 1987. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-8351-1822-3 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 19814728 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/19814728) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: others ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) ) ^ (#cite_ref-54) Zang, Yingchun; 臧迎春. (2003). Zhongguo chuan tong fu shi (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/55895164) 中国传统服饰 [ Chinese traditional costumes and ornaments ]. 李竹润., 王德华., 顾映晨. (Di 1 ban ed.). Beijing: Wu zhou chuan bo chu ban she. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 7-5085-0279-5 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 55895164 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/55895164) . ^ Jump up to: a b Pellatt, Valerie (2014). Translating Chinese culture : the process of Chinese-English translation . Eric Liu, Yalta Ya-Yun Chen. Abingdon, Oxon. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-317-93248-2 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 877868048 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/877868048) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ Jump up to: a b c The Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities Bulletin No.70 . Östasiatiska museet. 1998. p. 208. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Pak, Che-ga (2019). A Korean scholar's rude awakening in Qing China : Pak Chega's discourse on northern learning . Byonghyon Choi, Seung B. Kye, Timothy V. Atkinson. Honolulu. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-8248-7980-8 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1102592731 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1102592731) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ Jump up to: a b c Hao, Xiao’ang; Yin, Zhihong (2020). "Research on Design Aesthetics and Cultural Connotation of Gold and Silver Interlocking Buckle in the Ming Dynasty" (https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200907.030) . Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Art Studies: Science, Experience, Education (ICASSEE 2020) . Paris, France: Atlantis Press. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2991/assehr.k.200907.030 (https://doi.org/10.2991%2Fassehr.k.200907.030) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-94-6239-051-5 . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 221756137 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:221756137) . ^ (#cite_ref-59) "Zimu Kou - Exquisite Ming Style Hanfu Button - 2021" (https://www.newhanfu.com/15961.html) . www.newhanfu.com . 25 May 2021 . Retrieved 2021-12-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-60) "Guide of the Ming Dynasty Shan/Ao Types for Girls - 2022" (https://www.newhanfu.com/17898.html) . www.newhanfu.com . 2 July 2021 . Retrieved 2022-02-08 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Olivová, Lucie B. (2009). Lifestyle and entertainment in Yangzhou . Vibeke Børdahl, Nordic Institute of Asian Studies. Copenhagen: NIAS Press. p. 71. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-87-7694-578-7 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 753970357 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/753970357) . ^ (#cite_ref-62) Rhoads, Edward J. M. (2000). Manchus & Han : ethnic relations and political power in late Qing and early republican China, 1861-1928 . Seattle: University of Washington Press. pp. 60–62. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-295-80412-5 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 774282702 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/774282702) . ^ Jump up to: a b c Silberstein, Rachel (2017-05-04). "Cloud Collars and Sleeve Bands: Commercial Embroidery and the Fashionable Accessory in Mid-to-Late Qing China" (https://doi.org/10.1080/1362704X.2016.1150670) . Fashion Theory . 21 (3): 245–277. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1080/1362704X.2016.1150670 (https://doi.org/10.1080%2F1362704X.2016.1150670) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1362-704X (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1362-704X) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 192949284 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:192949284) . ^ Jump up to: a b c Heroldová, Helena (2020). "Sleevebands: Neglected Element in Chinese Adornment" (https://publikace.nm.cz/periodicke-publikace/aotnpm/41-2/sleevebands-neglected-element-in-chinese-adornment) . Annals of the Náprstek Museum . 41 (2): 93–111. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.37520/anpm.2020.009 (https://doi.org/10.37520%2Fanpm.2020.009) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 2533-5685 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2533-5685) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 229198201 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:229198201) . ^ (#cite_ref-65) Lewandowski, Elizabeth (2011). The Complete Costume Dictionary . Lanham, Md: Scarecrow Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780810877856 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 973051268 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/973051268) . ^ (#cite_ref-:35_66-0) "Meet Shiyin, the Fashion Influencer Shaping China's Hanfu Style Revival" (https://www.vogue.com/article/how-the-return-of-hanfu-represents-a-shift-in-china) . Vogue . 8 March 2021 . Retrieved 2021-07-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-67) Washington., Textile Museum (1996). The kimono inspiration : art and art-to-wear in America . Pomegranate Artbooks. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-87654-598-3 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1155973292 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1155973292) . ^ (#cite_ref-68) Kim, Jin-Goo (1977). Korean costume : an historical analysis . Madison, Wis. : University of Wisconsin. OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 837232364 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/837232364) . ^ (#cite_ref-69) Aurélie., Samuel (2010). Costumes d'enfants : miroir des grands : Établissement public du musée des arts asiatiques Guimet, 20 octobre 2010-24 janvier 2011 . Réunion des musées nationaux. p. 68. OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1086352396 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1086352396) . ^ Jump up to: a b Lee, Samuel Songhoon (2013). Hanbok : Timeless fashion tradition . Han'guk Kukche Kyoryu Chaedan. Seoul, Korea. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-62412-056-5 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 944510449 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/944510449) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ (#cite_ref-71) China among equals : the Middle Kingdom and its neighbors, 10th-14th centuries . Morris Rossabi. Berkeley: University of California Press. 1983. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-520-04383-9 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 7671639 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/7671639) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: others ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) ) ^ (#cite_ref-72) Hong, Nayoung. "원삼 ( 圓衫 )" (https://folkency.nfm.go.kr/en/topic/detail/7132) . Encyclopedia of Korean Folk Culture (in Korean) . Retrieved 2022-04-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-73) Hong, Nayoung. "원삼(圓衫)" (https://folkency.nfm.go.kr/kr/topic/detail/7132) . 한국민속대백과사전 [Encyclopedia of Korean Folk culture] (in Korean) . Retrieved 2022-04-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-74) "Áo Dài: History | VSAcademy | UNAVSA" (https://vsacademy.unavsa.org/lessons/ao-dai-history/) . Retrieved 2022-02-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-75) "Young Vietnamese fuel revival of feudal-style ao dai" (https://tuoitrenews.vn/news/ttnewsstyle/20210227/young-vietnamese-fuel-revival-of-feudalstyle-ao-dai/59485.html) . Tuoi Tre News . 2021-02-27 . Retrieved 2022-02-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-76) Fiona. "A Brief History of Traditional Vietnamese Ao Dai" (https://www.vietnamvisa-easy.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-traditional-vietnamese-ao-dai/) . Travel information for Vietnam from local experts . Retrieved 2022-02-07 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Encyclopedia of clothing and fashion . Valerie Steele. Farmington Hills, MI: Charles Scribner's Sons. 2005. p. 61. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-684-31394-4 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 55085919 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/55085919) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: others ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) ) ^ Jump up to: a b Encyclopedia of national dress : traditional clothing around the world . Jill Condra. Santa Barbara, Calif. 2013. pp. 760–761. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-313-37637-5 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 843418851 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/843418851) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) CS1 maint: others ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) ) ^ (#cite_ref-79) "Costume: White ground satin. Silk. (Undergarment and Pants-like garment) : Naha City Historical Museum" (http://www.rekishi-archive.city.naha.okinawa.jp/en/archives/item1/2174) . www.rekishi-archive.city.naha.okinawa.jp . Retrieved 2022-02-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-80) "沖縄" (http://www.satsukikai.net/kinenkan/minzokuHP/okinawa-deta/okinawa-clothes.htm) . www.satsukikai.net . Retrieved 2022-02-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-81) Hendrickx, Katrien (2007). The origins of banana-fibre cloth in the Ryukyus, Japan . Leuven [Belgium]: Leuven University Press. p. 109. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-94-6166-049-7 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 715172043 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/715172043) . ^ Jump up to: a b Beyond chinoiserie : artistic exchange between China and the West during the late Qing dynasty (1796-1911) . Petra ten-Doesschate Chu, Jennifer Dawn Milam. Leiden. 2019. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-90-04-38783-6 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1077291584 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1077291584) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) CS1 maint: others ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) ) ^ (#cite_ref-:03_83-0) Parkins, Ilya (2012). Cultures of Femininity in Modern Fashion . Elizabeth M. Sheehan. Hanover: University of New Hampshire Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-61168-233-5 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 823388661 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/823388661) . ^ (#cite_ref-:172_85-0) "Fashioning Empire: Chinese Chic" (https://siliconvalley.basisindependent.com/2021/04/29/fashioning-empire-chinese-chic/) . BASIS Independent Silicon Valley . 2021-04-29 . Retrieved 2022-07-29 . ^ Jump up to: a b The Delineator . Vol. 57. Charles Dwyer, H. F.. Montgomery, R. S.. O'Loughlin. United Kingdom: Butterick Publishing Company. 1901. {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: others ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) ) ^ Jump up to: a b The Delineator . Vol. 58. Charles Dwyer, H. F. Montgomery, R. S. O'Loughlin (editors). United Kingdom: Butterick Publishing Company. 1901. {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: others ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) ) ^ (#cite_ref-88) The Delineator . Vol. 56. Charles Dwyer, H. F. Montgomery, R. S. O'Loughlin. United Kingdoms: Butterick Publishing Company. 1900. {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: others ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) ) ^ (#cite_ref-:162_89-0) British Modernism and Chinoiserie . Anne Witchard. 2015. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7486-9097-8 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 945765640 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/945765640) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: others ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) ) v t e Traditional Han Chinese clothing (/wiki/Hanfu) Characteristics Garment and neckline (list) (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu) Jiaoling youren (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Cross-collars) Mandarin collar (/wiki/Mandarin_collar) Fastening Pankou (/wiki/Frog_(fastening)) Chinese button knot (/wiki/Chinese_button_knot) Zimukou (/wiki/Frog_(fastening)) Styles Baoyi bodai (/wiki/Paofu#Baoyi_bodai) Shangjian xiafeng (/wiki/Ruqun#Shangjian_xiafeng) Fuyao (/wiki/Fuyao_(fashion)) Hufu (/wiki/Hufu) List of hanfu (/wiki/List_of_hanfu) Textile decoration and craft Diancui (/wiki/Tian-tsui) Chinese knotting (/wiki/Chinese_knotting) Chinese embroidery (/wiki/Chinese_embroidery) Chinese auspicious ornaments in textile and clothing (list) (/wiki/Chinese_auspicious_ornaments_in_textile_and_clothing) Xiangyun (/wiki/Xiangyun_(Auspicious_clouds)) Lishui (sea-waves) (/wiki/Lishui_(sea-waves)) Mandarin square (/wiki/Mandarin_square) Chinese ornamental gold silk (/wiki/Chinese_ornamental_gold_silk) Goldwork (/wiki/Goldwork_(embroidery)) Chinese patchwork (/wiki/Chinese_patchwork) Belief system and social movement Confucianism (/wiki/Confucianism) Taoism (/wiki/Taoism) Wufu (/wiki/Wufu) Wuxing (Chinese philosophy) (/wiki/Wuxing_(Chinese_philosophy)) Yin and Yang (/wiki/Yin_and_Yang) Hanfu movement (/wiki/Hanfu_movement) Sumptuary laws Tifayifu (/wiki/Tifayifu) Related rituals Guan Li (/wiki/Guan_Li) Ji Li (ceremony) (/wiki/Ji_Li_(ceremony)) Garments Set of attire Ruqun (/wiki/Ruqun) Tanling ruqun (/wiki/Tanling_ruqun) Qixiong ruqun (/wiki/Qixiong_ruqun) Qungua (/wiki/Qungua) Xiuhefu (/wiki/Xiuhefu) Mianfu (/wiki/Mianfu) Bianfu (/wiki/Bianfu) Tongtianguanfu (/wiki/Tongtianguanfu) Xuanduan (/wiki/Xuanduan) Diyi (/wiki/Diyi) Zaju chuishao fu (/wiki/Zaju_chuishao_fu) Shanku (/wiki/Shanku) Upper garment Ru Yi Shan Ao Chang'ao (/wiki/Chang%27ao) Baijiayi (/wiki/Baijiayi) Daxiushan (/wiki/Daxiushan) Bijia (/wiki/Bijia) Banbi (/wiki/Banbi) Dahu (/wiki/Dahu_(clothing)) Beizi (/wiki/Beizi) Pifeng (/wiki/Beizi) Hechang (/wiki/Beizi) Shuitianyi (/wiki/Shuitianyi) Yuanlingshan (/wiki/Yuanlingshan) Robe Shenyi (/wiki/Shenyi) Zhiju (/wiki/Shenyi) Quju (/wiki/Shenyi) Paofu (/wiki/Paofu) Daopao (/wiki/Daopao) Zhiduo (/wiki/Zhiduo_(clothing)) Yuanlingpao (/wiki/Yuanlingshan) Fanlingpao (/wiki/Fanlingpao) Panling Lanshan (/wiki/Panling_Lanshan) Longpao (/wiki/Dragon_robe) Mangfu (/wiki/Mangfu) Tieli (/wiki/Terlig) Yesa (/wiki/Yesa_robe) Zhisun (/wiki/Jis%C3%BCn) Feiyufu (/wiki/Feiyufu) Inner and undergarment Dudou (/wiki/Dudou) Hezi (/wiki/Hezi_(clothing)) Moxiong (/wiki/Hezi_(clothing)) Maweiqun (/wiki/Maweiqun) Lower garment Ku (/wiki/Ku_(trousers)) Qun (/wiki/Qun) Baidiequn (/wiki/Baidiequn) Mamianqun (/wiki/Mamianqun) Religious clothing Daojiao fushi (/wiki/Daojiao_fushi) Headwear (list) (/wiki/List_of_Hanfu_headwear) Guan (/wiki/Guan_(headwear)) Mianguan (/wiki/Mianguan) Fengguan (/wiki/Fengguan) Futou (/wiki/Futou) Tang official headwear (/wiki/Tang_official_headwear) Song official headwear (/wiki/Song_official_headwear) Mao Humao (/wiki/Humao) Damao (/wiki/Damao_(hat)) Liangmao (/wiki/Liangmao) Weimao (/wiki/Weimao) Jin Fujin (/wiki/Fujin_(headgear)) Wangjin (/wiki/Wangjin) Hairpin Chinese hairpin (/wiki/Chinese_hairpin) Buyao (/wiki/Buyao) Comb Shubi (/wiki/Shubi_(comb)) Veil Honggaitou (/wiki/Honggaitou) Mili (/wiki/Mili_(veil)) Footwear (list) (/wiki/Hanfu_footwear) Xiuhuaxie (/wiki/Xiuhuaxie) Tiger-head shoes (/wiki/Tiger-head_shoes) Lotus shoes (/wiki/Lotus_shoes) Accessories (list) (/wiki/Hanfu_accessories) Head Lingzi (/wiki/Lingzi) Neck Yingluo (/wiki/Yingluo_(ornament)) Yunjian (/wiki/Yunjian) Fangxingquling (/wiki/Tongtianguanfu) Shoulders Pibo (/wiki/Pibo) Xiapei (/wiki/Xiapei) Chest Yajin (/wiki/Yajin) Waist Yaoqun (/wiki/Yaoqun) Lap Bixi (/wiki/Bixi_(clothing)) Ribbons and knots Lào zi (/wiki/L%C3%A0o_zi) Portable Hebao (/wiki/Hebao) Xiangnang (fragrant sachet) (/wiki/Hebao) Hu (ritual baton) (/wiki/Hu_(ritual_baton)) Fu (tally) (/wiki/Fu_(tally)) Yufu (fish tally) (/wiki/Fu_(tally)#Fish_tally/_yufu) Yudai (fish bag) (/wiki/Fu_(tally)#Yudai) Folding fan (/wiki/Hand_fan) Tuanshan (/wiki/Tuanshan) Jewellery Longevity lock (/wiki/Lock_charm) Yupei (/wiki/Yupei) Jinbu (/wiki/Yupei#Jinbu_(禁步)) Influenced clothing Traditional clothing Kimono (/wiki/Kimono) Hanbok (/wiki/Hanbok) Ryusou (/wiki/Ryusou) Vietnamese clothing (/wiki/Vietnamese_clothing) Performance costume Xifu (/wiki/Xifu_(Costume)) Guzhuang (/wiki/Guzhuang_(costume)) Cosmetics Huadian (/wiki/Huadian_(make-up)) List of Hanfu (/wiki/List_of_Hanfu) v t e Folk costumes (/wiki/Folk_costume) Africa (/wiki/Clothing_in_Africa) Balgha (/wiki/Balgha) Boubou (/wiki/Agbada) Dashiki (/wiki/Dashiki) Djellaba (/wiki/Djellaba) Head tie (/wiki/Head_tie) Jellabiya (/wiki/Jellabiya) Kanzu (/wiki/Kanzu) Kente cloth (/wiki/Kente_cloth) Kufi (/wiki/Kufi) Litham (/wiki/Litham) Pareo (/wiki/Pareo) Senegalese kaftan (/wiki/Senegalese_kaftan) Tagelmust (/wiki/Tagelmust) Wrapper (/wiki/Wrapper_(clothing)) Asia Central Afghanistan (/wiki/Pashtun_clothing) Pakol (/wiki/Pakol) Chapan (/wiki/Chapan) Deel (/wiki/Deel_(clothing)) Malahai (/wiki/Malahai) Paranja (/wiki/Paranja) East China (/wiki/Chinese_clothing) Cheongsam (/wiki/Cheongsam) Hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) Mao suit (/wiki/Mao_suit) Tangzhuang (/wiki/Tangzhuang) Japan (/wiki/Japanese_clothing) Hachimaki (/wiki/Hachimaki) Kimono (/wiki/Kimono) Obi (/wiki/Obi_(sash)) Korea (/wiki/List_of_Korean_clothing) Cheopji (/wiki/Cheopji) Daenggi (/wiki/Daenggi) Gache (/wiki/Gache) Hanbok (/wiki/Hanbok) Hwagwan (/wiki/Hwagwan) Jokduri (/wiki/Jokduri) Manggeon (/wiki/Wangjin) South Bhutan Gho (/wiki/Gho) Kira (/wiki/Kira_(Bhutan)) Dhoti (/wiki/Dhoti) Dupatta (/wiki/Dupatta) India (/wiki/Clothing_in_India) Lungi (/wiki/Lungi) Nepal (/wiki/Newar_traditional_clothing) Pakistan (/wiki/Pakistani_clothing) Pathin (/wiki/Pathin) Perak (/wiki/Perak_(headdress)) Peshawari pagri (/wiki/Peshawari_turban) Sari (/wiki/Sari) Shalwar kameez (/wiki/Shalwar_kameez) Sherwani (/wiki/Sherwani) Southeast Burma (/wiki/Burmese_clothing) Longyi (/wiki/Longyi) Gaung baung (/wiki/Gaung_baung) Cambodia (/wiki/Khmer_clothing) Chong Kben (/wiki/Sompot_Chong_Kben) Krama (/wiki/Krama) Sompot (/wiki/Sompot) Sbai (/wiki/Sbai) Indonesia (/wiki/National_costume_of_Indonesia) Baju bodo (/wiki/Bodo_blouse) Batik (/wiki/Batik) Blangkon (/wiki/Blangkon) Ikat (/wiki/Ikat) Kebaya (/wiki/Kebaya) Kemben (/wiki/Kemben) Kupiah (/wiki/Kupiah) Songket (/wiki/Songket) Songkok (/wiki/Songkok) Tanjak (/wiki/Tengkolok) Ulos (/wiki/Ulos) Laos (/wiki/Culture_of_Laos#Traditional_clothing) Xout lao (/wiki/Xout_lao) Suea pat (/wiki/Suea_pat) Sinh (/wiki/Sinh_(clothing)) Malaysia (/wiki/Malaysian_cultural_outfits) Baju Kurung (/wiki/Baju_Kurung) 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2003 dress by Alexander McQueen The oyster dress as displayed during the exhibition Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen:_Savage_Beauty) (2011) The oyster dress is a high fashion (/wiki/Haute_couture) gown created by British fashion designer Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) for his Spring/Summer 2003 collection Irere . McQueen's design is a one-shouldered dress in bias-cut (/wiki/Bias_cut) beige silk chiffon (/wiki/Chiffon_(fabric)) with a boned (/wiki/Bone_(corsetry)) upper body and a full-length skirt consisting of hundreds of individual circles of organza (/wiki/Organza) sewn in dense layers to the base fabric, resembling the outside of an oyster (/wiki/Oyster) shell. According to McQueen, the gown took a month's work for three people, who cut and assembled all the pieces individually. In addition to the original beige dress, a version with a red bodice (/wiki/Bodice) and the ruffled skirt in rainbow colours was also created. The beige and red versions appeared in the Irere runway show, and were photographed for magazines to promote the collection. The dress originated as a reinterpretation of the "shellfish dress" designed by John Galliano (/wiki/John_Galliano) in 1987, which McQueen had long admired and sought to emulate. Contemporary critical response to McQueen's oyster dress was positive. It has become known as the most significant design from Irere , and is considered an iconic piece of McQueen's work, surpassing the famed Galliano original. Only two copies are known to exist, one held by the Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) (the Met) in New York City and one by media personality Kim Kardashian (/wiki/Kim_Kardashian) . The Met's copy has appeared in several exhibitions, particularly the retrospective Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen:_Savage_Beauty) . McQueen returned to the oyster dress concept several times over his career, most prominently in his Autumn/Winter 2006 collection The Widows of Culloden (/wiki/The_Widows_of_Culloden) . Background [ edit ] Shellfish dress by John Galliano (/wiki/John_Galliano) , 1987, displayed with a green and white checked cotton sash British designer Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) was known in the fashion industry for his imaginative, sometimes controversial designs. [1] (#cite_note-BBCSixWays-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Although he worked in ready-to-wear (/wiki/Ready-to-wear) – clothing produced for retail sale – his work featured a degree of craftsmanship that verged on haute couture (/wiki/Haute_couture) . [3] (#cite_note-KingMcQueen-3) [4] (#cite_note-Diderich-4) [5] (#cite_note-Mower-5) Before launching his own label, McQueen apprenticed as a tailor on Savile Row (/wiki/Savile_Row) , and he became known for a focus on tailored (/wiki/Tailoring) designs. [1] (#cite_note-BBCSixWays-1) [6] (#cite_note-doig-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) From 1996 to 2001, he was head designer at French luxury design house Givenchy (/wiki/Givenchy) , where he learned le flou , or draping (/wiki/Draped_garment#Present_day_use) , the dressmaking side of haute couture . [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox201614-8) [9] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoungMartin2017143-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) McQueen's career roughly paralleled that of fellow British designer John Galliano (/wiki/John_Galliano) , who preceded him in the industry by about a decade. [11] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2015379–380-11) [12] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreward2003232–233-12) [13] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTELodwick2015247-13) The men had each graduated from Central Saint Martins (/wiki/Central_Saint_Martins) art school in London: Galliano in 1984, and McQueen in 1992. [14] (#cite_note-wilson-14) [15] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreward2003232-15) [16] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas20153-16) Both had started their careers as independent designers before being hired by famous French fashion houses in the mid-1990s; McQueen had replaced Galliano at Givenchy when Galliano went to Dior (/wiki/Dior) . [15] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBreward2003232-15) [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2015209-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) Their designs and shows were similarly creative and theatrical. [19] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015224-19) [20] (#cite_note-:0-20) During the period in which their careers overlapped, fashion journalists compared and contrasted their work and career choices, and they have sometimes been referred to as rivals. [20] (#cite_note-:0-20) [21] (#cite_note-21) [22] (#cite_note-22) McQueen, who had a competitive streak, resented being compared to Galliano and often sought to emulate or outdo Galliano's ideas in his own work. [23] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201584,_159,_256–257,_266,_325–326-23) [24] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015142-24) For his Spring/Summer 2003 collection, Irere , McQueen took inspiration from the Age of Discovery (/wiki/Age_of_Discovery) and the Amazon rainforest (/wiki/Amazon_rainforest) . He presented three sequential phases of ensembles: shipwrecked pirates (/wiki/Pirates_in_the_arts_and_popular_culture) , black-clad conquistadors (/wiki/Conquistador) , and colourful dresses inspired by tropical birds. [3] (#cite_note-KingMcQueen-3) [25] (#cite_note-SavB_Oyster-25) [26] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFox201282-26) McQueen described the collection as an effort to present a more mature point of view and surprise viewers with bold colours. [3] (#cite_note-KingMcQueen-3) Contemporary reception for Irere was positive, with many in the industry calling it one of the best collections for that season. [4] (#cite_note-Diderich-4) [27] (#cite_note-:11-27) Development and runway show [ edit ] Shell of a Pacific oyster (/wiki/Pacific_oyster) The "oyster dress" is a reinterpretation of a 1987 design by John Galliano (/wiki/John_Galliano) called the "shellfish dress". [28] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201556,_275,_338-28) [29] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012230-29) Galliano's shellfish dress was named for its layers of "pearl grey" organza (/wiki/Organza) ruffles that resembled stacked clamshells (/wiki/Clam) , a technically complex design that was actually executed by costumier Karen Crichton. [30] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201549,_56,_58-30) McQueen had long admired and sought to emulate the complicated construction of the original. [31] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201556,_275,_326,_338-31) According to his friend Sebastian Pons, McQueen owned numerous "copies and photographs" of Galliano's dress and would study them intently, trying to work out how it was constructed. [31] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201556,_275,_326,_338-31) McQueen's design is a one-shouldered dress in bias-cut (/wiki/Bias_cut) beige silk chiffon (/wiki/Chiffon_(fabric)) with a boned (/wiki/Bone_(corsetry)) upper body and a full-length skirt. [32] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason2012102-32) [33] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012194-33) Hundreds of individual circles of organza were sewn to the base fabric in dense layers, resembling an oyster (/wiki/Oyster) shell or a mille-feuille (/wiki/Mille-feuille) pastry. [32] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason2012102-32) [34] (#cite_note-SavB_Oyster2-34) [33] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012194-33) An estimated 180–260 metres (200–285 yd) of fabric was required. [3] (#cite_note-KingMcQueen-3) [33] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012194-33) According to McQueen, the gown took a month's work for three people to cut and assemble all the pieces. [3] (#cite_note-KingMcQueen-3) The cost was reportedly £45,000. [35] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015279-35) In addition to the original beige dress, a version with a red bodice (/wiki/Bodice) and the ruffled skirt in rainbow colours was also created. [36] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012195-36) [37] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonigman202138-37) The original beige gown appeared in the first, pirate-themed phase of the Irere runway show as Look 18, worn by Letícia Birkheuer (/wiki/Let%C3%ADcia_Birkheuer) . [5] (#cite_note-Mower-5) [33] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012194-33) The version with the rainbow skirt appeared in the final phase as Look 49, worn on the runway by An Oost. [5] (#cite_note-Mower-5) [36] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012195-36) Both versions appeared in magazines to promote the collection. Natalia Vodianova (/wiki/Natalia_Vodianova) wore the oyster dress for two photo shoots: Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) in January 2003, photographed by Craig McDean (/wiki/Craig_McDean) , and Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) in March 2003, photographed by Peter Lindbergh (/wiki/Peter_Lindbergh) . [38] (#cite_note-:13-38) Socialite Daphne Guinness (/wiki/Daphne_Guinness) , a longtime friend of McQueen's, wore it for a 2003 photo shoot. [37] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonigman202138-37) The rainbow oyster dress appeared on the cover of Vogue Italia (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) for their Spring/Summer 2003 issue. [39] (#cite_note-39) Joy Bryant (/wiki/Joy_Bryant) wore it for a photo shoot for InStyle (/wiki/InStyle) magazine in March 2003, calling it the "Rainbow Cancan (/wiki/Can-can) " dress. [40] (#cite_note-40) Legacy [ edit ] The oyster dress is considered an iconic McQueen design; according to Pons and journalist Dana Thomas (/wiki/Dana_Thomas) , it surpassed the famed Galliano original. [35] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015279-35) [41] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2015326,_338-41) In a contemporary review, Jess Cartner-Morley (/wiki/Jess_Cartner-Morley) wrote that the dress exemplified the show's maritime theme, with chiffon layers that were "as soft and close as ripples on sand". [42] (#cite_note-:122-42) Curator Kate Bethune wrote that it portrayed a sense of "[f]ragile femininity". [43] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015314-43) Thomas called it "far more beautiful and elegant than the original" shellfish dress. [44] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2015326-44) Fashion curator Andrew Bolton (/wiki/Andrew_Bolton_(curator)) labelled it "arguably the most important dress of the 21st century", [45] (#cite_note-HB_Oyster-45) and evidence that McQueen had expanded his skillset from his early focus on tailored designs and had mastered draping. [34] (#cite_note-SavB_Oyster2-34) Philosopher Gwenda-lin Grewal compared the destroyed look (/wiki/Distressing) of the dress to the clothing of 19th-century dandies (/wiki/Dandy) and 20th-century punks (/wiki/Punk_subculture) , both of which adopted torn clothing for aesthetic reasons. [46] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrewal2022124-46) Author Ana Finel Honigman found that the lightness of the frills contrasted with the deconstructed (/wiki/Deconstruction_(fashion)) appearance to create a "tension between gravity and transcendence". [47] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHonigman202142-47) McQueen returned to the oyster dress concept several times. Actress Liv Tyler (/wiki/Liv_Tyler) wore a variation of the oyster gown to the Paris premiere of The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings:_The_Two_Towers) in December 2002. Her version had a corset bodice and a pink skirt made from 250 metres (273 yd) of silk organza (/wiki/Organza) . [48] (#cite_note-48) [49] (#cite_note-49) [50] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015280-50) McQueen designed a wedding dress (/wiki/Wedding_dress) based on the oyster dress for the August 2004 wedding of his assistant Sarah Burton (/wiki/Sarah_Burton) . [51] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015293-51) [52] (#cite_note-52) Authors Judith Watt and Dana Thomas both described several dresses from The Widows of Culloden (/wiki/The_Widows_of_Culloden) (Autumn/Winter 2006) as evolutions of the oyster dress, including the dress worn in the illusion of Kate Moss (/wiki/Illusion_of_Kate_Moss) that served as the show's finale. [28] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas201556,_275,_338-28) [29] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012230-29) Extant copies [ edit ] He wanted this idea of it—was almost like she drowned—and the top part of the dress is all fine boning and tulle, and the chiffon is all frayed and dishevelled on the top. The skirt is made out of hundreds and hundreds of circles of organza. Then, with a pen, what Lee did was he drew organic lines. And then all these circles were cut, joined together, and then applied in these lines along the skirt. So you created this organic, oyster-like effect. Sarah Burton (/wiki/Sarah_Burton) [25] (#cite_note-SavB_Oyster-25) Following the show, McQueen estimated that 20 orders had been placed for copies of the oyster dress. [3] (#cite_note-KingMcQueen-3) However, only two copies of the beige original are known to exist. [45] (#cite_note-HB_Oyster-45) The Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) (the Met) in New York City acquired one in 2003, and it has appeared in the exhibitions Goddess: The Classical Mode (2003) and Blog Mode: Addressing Fashion (2008). [53] (#cite_note-Met_Oyster-53) The Met's copy of the oyster dress appeared with other clothing from Irere in both stagings of the retrospective exhibition Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen:_Savage_Beauty) . [a] (#cite_note-55) [55] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBolton2011232,_234-56) Media personality Kim Kardashian (/wiki/Kim_Kardashian) owns the other known oyster dress, purchased from Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) vintage boutique Lily et Cie. [45] (#cite_note-HB_Oyster-45) Its original owner was socialite Angie Barrett, who wore it to the Cannes Film Festival (/wiki/2003_Cannes_Film_Festival) and Beaux-Arts Ball (/wiki/Beaux-Arts_Ball) in 2003. [56] (#cite_note-:3-57) [57] (#cite_note-58) In 2020, Kardashian wore the oyster dress to an Oscars afterparty (/wiki/Oscar_party) hosted by Vanity Fair . [45] (#cite_note-HB_Oyster-45) In 2022, Rachel Tashjian described this as part of a trend for archival red carpet wear (/wiki/Red_carpet_fashion) , noting that celebrities choosing vintage fashion was "basically the ultimate fashion flex right now". [58] (#cite_note-59) Fashion theorist Naomi Braithwaite argued that in acquiring archival fashion items, such as the oyster dress, Kardashian was attempting to integrate the cultural history (/wiki/Cultural_history) of those objects into her own celebrity narrative, thereby increasing her own cultural significance by association. [59] (#cite_note-60) [56] (#cite_note-:3-57) See also [ edit ] List of individual dresses (/wiki/List_of_individual_dresses) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-55) The catalogue produced for the original 2011 staging of Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen:_Savage_Beauty) says that all garments were lent by the Alexander McQueen archive unless otherwise noted. The oyster dress is not so noted, although The Met has owned its copy since 2003. [54] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBolton2011232-54) [53] (#cite_note-Met_Oyster-53) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Vaidyanathan, Rajini (12 February 2010). "Six ways Alexander McQueen changed fashion" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/8511404.stm) . BBC Magazine (/wiki/BBC_Magazine) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20100222201747/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/8511404.stm) from the original on 22 February 2010 . Retrieved 6 May 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) McNeil, Peter (12 December 2022). " (https://theconversation.com/i-want-people-to-be-afraid-of-the-women-i-dress-the-celebrated-and-often-controversial-designs-of-alexander-mcqueen-194731) 'I want people to be afraid of the women I dress': the celebrated – and often controversial – designs of Alexander McQueen" (https://theconversation.com/i-want-people-to-be-afraid-of-the-women-i-dress-the-celebrated-and-often-controversial-designs-of-alexander-mcqueen-194731) . The Conversation (/wiki/The_Conversation_(website)) . Retrieved 22 July 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Socha, Miles (4 November 2002). "King McQueen: a mature Alexander McQueen cast aside the shock values (and even the adolescent rants) to produce a dazzling spring collection. (Movers Shakers)" (https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=ITOF&u=wikipedia&id=GALE%7CA94237973&v=2.1&it=r&sid=bookmark-ITOF&asid=6d861079) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230601053346/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=ITOF&u=wikipedia&id=GALE%7CA94237973&v=2.1&it=r&sid=bookmark-ITOF&asid=6d861079) from the original on 1 June 2023 . Retrieved 31 May 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b Diderich, Joelle (7 October 2002). "From out of this world to the Third World – McQueen king of the catwalk" (https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bwh&AN=200210071008199014&site=eds-live&scope=site) . The Courier Mail (/wiki/The_Courier_Mail) . Retrieved 31 May 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Mower, Sarah (4 October 2002). "Alexander McQueen Spring 2003 ready-to-wear collection" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2003-ready-to-wear/alexander-mcqueen) . Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230515063500/https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2003-ready-to-wear/alexander-mcqueen) from the original on 15 May 2023 . Retrieved 30 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-doig_6-0) Doig, Stephen (30 January 2023). "How Alexander McQueen changed the world of fashion – by the people who knew him best" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230130171757/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/people/how-alexander-mcqueen-changed-world-fashion-people-who-knew/) . The Daily Telegraph . Archived from the original (http://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/people/how-alexander-mcqueen-changed-world-fashion-people-who-knew/) on 30 January 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-7) Carwell, Nick (26 May 2016). "Savile Row's best tailors: Alexander McQueen" (https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/alexander-mcqueen-savile-row-tailor) . GQ Magazine . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210509010433/https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/alexander-mcqueen-savile-row-tailor) from the original on 9 May 2021 . Retrieved 31 March 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox201614_8-0) Fairer & Wilcox 2016 (#CITEREFFairerWilcox2016) , p. 14. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoungMartin2017143_9-0) Young & Martin 2017 (#CITEREFYoungMartin2017) , p. 143. ^ (#cite_ref-10) Fox, Imogen (11 February 2010). "Alexander McQueen obituary" (https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/feb/11/alexander-mcqueen-obituary) . The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230206225418/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/feb/11/alexander-mcqueen-obituary) from the original on 6 February 2023 . 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(https://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/a39204880/fendi-fw22-review/) . Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) . Retrieved 25 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-60) Braithwaite, Naomi (2 February 2023). "Kim Kardashian buys Princess Diana's necklace – how the cult of celebrity creates value for fashion history" (https://theconversation.com/kim-kardashian-buys-princess-dianas-necklace-how-the-cult-of-celebrity-creates-value-for-fashion-history-199028) . The Conversation (/wiki/The_Conversation_(website)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230616052038/http://theconversation.com/kim-kardashian-buys-princess-dianas-necklace-how-the-cult-of-celebrity-creates-value-for-fashion-history-199028) from the original on 16 June 2023 . Retrieved 16 June 2023 . Bibliography [ edit ] Bolton, Andrew (/wiki/Andrew_Bolton_(curator)) (2011). Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty . New York City: Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-58839-412-5 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 687693871 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/687693871) . Breward, Christopher (2003). Fashion . Oxford History of Art. Oxford: Oxford University Press (/wiki/Oxford_University_Press) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-19-158773-3 . Fairer, Robert (/wiki/Robert_Fairer) ; Wilcox, Claire (/wiki/Claire_Wilcox) (2016). Alexander McQueen: Unseen . New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press (/wiki/Yale_University_Press) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-300-22267-8 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 946216643 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/946216643) . Fox, Chloe (2012). Vogue On: Alexander McQueen . Vogue on Designers. London: Quadrille Publishing. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1849491136 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 828766756 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/828766756) . Gleason, Katherine (2012). Alexander McQueen: Evolution . New York City: Race Point Publishing (/wiki/Race_Point_Publishing) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-61058-837-9 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 783147416 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/783147416) . Grewal, Gwenda-lin (2022). Fashion | Sense: On Philosophy and Fashion . London: Bloomsbury Academic (/wiki/Bloomsbury_Academic) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-350-20148-4 . Honigman, Ana Finel (2021). What Alexander McQueen Can Teach You About Fashion . London: Frances Lincoln (/wiki/Frances_Lincoln) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7112-5906-5 . Thomas, Dana (/wiki/Dana_Thomas) (2015). Gods and Kings: The Rise and Fall of Alexander McQueen and John Galliano . New York City: Penguin Publishing (/wiki/Penguin_Publishing) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-101-61795-3 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 951153602 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/951153602) . Watt, Judith (2012). Alexander McQueen: The Life and the Legacy . New York City: Harper Design (/wiki/Harper_Design) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-84796-085-6 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 892706946 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/892706946) . Wilcox, Claire (/wiki/Claire_Wilcox) , ed. (2015). Alexander McQueen . New York City: Abrams Books (/wiki/Abrams_Books) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4197-1723-9 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 891618596 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/891618596) . Bethune, Kate. "Encyclopedia of Collections". In Wilcox (2015) (#CITEREFWilcox2015) , pp. 303–326. Lodwick, Keith. "Coup de Théâtre". In Wilcox (2015) (#CITEREFWilcox2015) , pp. 247–251. Wilson, Andrew (/wiki/Andrew_Wilson_(author)) (2015). Alexander McQueen: Blood Beneath the Skin . New York City: Simon and Schuster (/wiki/Simon_and_Schuster) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4767-7674-3 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1310585849 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1310585849) . Young, Caroline; Martin, Ann (2017). Tartan + Tweed . London: Frances Lincoln Limited (/wiki/Frances_Lincoln_Limited) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7112-3822-0 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 947020251 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/947020251) . External links [ edit ] "Women's Spring / Summer 03: 'Irere' (https://web.archive.org/web/20101119184356/http://alexandermcqueen.com/int/en/corporate/archive2003_ss_womens.aspx) " (https://web.archive.org/web/20101119184356/http://alexandermcqueen.com/int/en/corporate/archive2003_ss_womens.aspx) . Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen_(brand)) . Archived from the original (http://alexandermcqueen.com/int/en/corporate/archive2003_ss_womens.aspx) on 19 November 2010 . Retrieved 6 November 2010 . Alexander McQueen | Women's Spring/Summer 2003 | Runway Show on YouTube (/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)) v t e Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) Label Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen_(fashion_house)) Sarah Burton (/wiki/Sarah_Burton) (former creative director) Collections (/wiki/List_of_Alexander_McQueen_collections) Early years Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims (/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims) (1992 graduation collection) Taxi Driver (/wiki/Taxi_Driver_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (A/W 1993)† Nihilism (/wiki/Nihilism_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (S/S 1994)‡ The Birds (/wiki/The_Birds_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (S/S 1995) Highland Rape (/wiki/Highland_Rape) (A/W 1995) The Hunger (/wiki/The_Hunger_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (S/S 1996) Dante (/wiki/Dante_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (A/W 1996) It's a Jungle Out There (/wiki/It%27s_a_Jungle_Out_There_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (A/W 1997) Joan (/wiki/Joan_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (A/W 1998) Mid-career The Overlook (/wiki/The_Overlook_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (A/W 1999) Eye (/wiki/Eye_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (S/S 2000) The Dance of the Twisted Bull (/wiki/The_Dance_of_the_Twisted_Bull) (S/S 2002) Irere (/wiki/Irere_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (S/S 2003) Pantheon ad Lucem (/wiki/Pantheon_ad_Lucem) (A/W 2004) Final works Neptune (/wiki/Neptune_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (S/S 2006) The Widows of Culloden (/wiki/The_Widows_of_Culloden) (A/W 2006) The Girl Who Lived in the Tree (/wiki/The_Girl_Who_Lived_in_the_Tree) (A/W 2008) Designs Armadillo shoe (/wiki/Armadillo_shoe) Bumster (/wiki/Bumster) Illusion of Kate Moss (/wiki/Illusion_of_Kate_Moss) Oyster dress No. 13 finale (/wiki/No._13_Finale) Union Jack coat (/wiki/Earthling_(album)) In media Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen:_Savage_Beauty) Gods and Kings: The Rise and Fall of Alexander McQueen and John Galliano (/wiki/Gods_and_Kings:_The_Rise_and_Fall_of_Alexander_McQueen_and_John_Galliano) McQueen (/wiki/McQueen_(play)) (2015 play) McQueen (/wiki/McQueen_(film)) (2018 documentary film) Related articles Isabella Blow (/wiki/Isabella_Blow) Shaun Leane (/wiki/Shaun_Leane_(jeweller)) Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy (/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXXVIII_halftime_show_controversy) ‡S/S = Spring/Summer †A/W = Autumn/Winter NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐57bf8779db‐gr8q7 Cached time: 20240717192332 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.895 seconds Real time usage: 1.037 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 5422/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 113377/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 5599/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 16/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 176886/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.591/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 26054773/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 943.959 1 -total 30.27% 285.705 2 Template:Reflist 16.49% 155.701 9 Template:Cite_news 14.21% 134.144 41 Template:Sfn 12.75% 120.347 2 Template:Lang 10.39% 98.122 1 Template:Alexander_McQueen 10.33% 97.492 2 Template:Navbox 8.79% 82.986 1 Template:Short_description 7.79% 73.502 17 Template:Cite_web 6.54% 61.702 12 Template:Cite_book Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:74123893-0!canonical and timestamp 20240717192332 and revision id 1226048131. 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1947 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1947) 1948 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1948) 1949 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1949) 1950 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1950) 1951 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1951) 1952 1953 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1953) 1954 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1954) 1955 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1955) 1956 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1956) 1957 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1957) Clothing companies (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies) established in 1953 (/wiki/Category:Companies_established_in_1952) — companies in fashion−design &/or manufacturing−retailing of clothing. Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) 1950s portal (/wiki/Portal:1950s) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7cd59cdcfb‐l2rpv Cached time: 20240717234111 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.095 seconds Real time usage: 0.140 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 69/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3167/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 84/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 5/100 Expensive parser function count: 13/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 4114/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.069/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 933184/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 127.480 1 -total 80.21% 102.255 1 Template:Navseasoncats 17.25% 21.987 1 Template:Portal 2.37% 3.023 2 Template:C Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:52282188-0!canonical and timestamp 20240717234111 and revision id 974955327. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Clothing companies established in 1952" The following 11 pages are in this category, out of 11 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . C Crocodile Garments (/wiki/Crocodile_Garments) F FBT (company) (/wiki/FBT_(company)) Fred Perry (clothing label) (/wiki/Fred_Perry_(clothing_label)) G Givenchy (/wiki/Givenchy) J Jane Norman (/wiki/Jane_Norman) L Angelo Litrico (/wiki/Angelo_Litrico) M Moncler (/wiki/Moncler) O O'Neill (brand) (/wiki/O%27Neill_(brand)) T Tepa Sport (/wiki/Tepa_Sport) Timberland (company) (/wiki/Timberland_(company)) V Vulcabrasǀazaleia (/wiki/Vulcabras%C7%80azaleia) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1952&oldid=974955327 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1952&oldid=974955327) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1950s fashion (/wiki/Category:1950s_fashion) Clothing companies by year of establishment (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_by_year_of_establishment) Design companies established in 1952 (/wiki/Category:Design_companies_established_in_1952) Manufacturing companies established in 1952 (/wiki/Category:Manufacturing_companies_established_in_1952) Clothing companies established in the 20th century (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_the_20th_century) |
French television personality in Japan Françoise Moréchand Francoise Morechand in 2017. Born Françoise Moréchand ( 1936-03-29 ) March 29, 1936 (age 88) Paris (/wiki/Paris) , France Other names フランソワーズ・モレシャン in Japanese Occupation(s) blogfashion (/wiki/Blog) , writer Years active 1964-present Known for Morechand Kimono, NHK TV appearances Spouse Tatsuji Nagataki (/w/index.php?title=Tatsuji_Nagataki&action=edit&redlink=1) (m. 1974–present) Children 1 Françoise Moréchand (born March 29, 1936) is a French TV personality in Japan and an author. Moréchand was one of the first foreigners to appear as foreign tarento (/wiki/Tarento) on Japanese TV in 1964. [1] (#cite_note-:2-1) Early life and education [ edit ] Moréchand's father was an engineer at a steel factory and her mother was a French instructor at the École des Beaux-Arts (/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_Beaux-Arts) . [1] (#cite_note-:2-1) During World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) , the family moved from Paris to Toulouse (/wiki/Toulouse) . They returned to Paris just before the liberation of Paris (/wiki/Liberation_of_Paris) in August 1944. [ citation needed ] After graduating from the Collège Sévigné (/wiki/Coll%C3%A8ge_S%C3%A9vign%C3%A9) in Japanese and Eastern Languages, Moréchand wanted to become a Chinese or Russian interpreter. Instead she went to Tokyo in 1958 with her first husband Guy Moréchand, an anthropologist. [1] (#cite_note-:2-1) She is the mother of Agata Moréchand. [ citation needed ] Her father Jean Marie was an engineer diplomed from École Nationale des Arts et Métiers, promotion Paris 1914. [ citation needed ] Career [ edit ] In 1964 for the Tokyo Olympics (/wiki/1964_Summer_Olympics) , she worked for NHK (/wiki/NHK) television. In 1974, Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) entrusted her with the management of its cosmetics division in Japan. During this period of time, she met her current husband, Tatsuji Nagataki, an author and an authority on French culture and arts. Moréchand became a Japanese television star, a fashion specialist, an author, and a professor of comparative cultures at Kyoritsu University (/wiki/Kyoritsu_Women%27s_University) . She is a consultant and lecturer at the 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art, Kanazawa (/wiki/21st_Century_Museum_of_Contemporary_Art,_Kanazawa) . [2] (#cite_note-2) She also works as an adviser for French Foreign Trade. [1] (#cite_note-:2-1) Publications [ edit ] As of 2019, Moréchand has authored 33 works, published variously in Japanese, French, and Chinese, which are held in 65 libraries internationally, including the National Diet Library (/wiki/National_Diet_Library) , Harvard College Library (/wiki/Harvard_Library) , the New York Public Library System (/wiki/New_York_Public_Library) , the University of Chicago Library (/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Library) , and the Université Charles de Gaulle (/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle_University_%E2%80%93_Lille_III) . [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) Her most widely held book is La Gaïjine , [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) and Le chic, c'est chic has sold over a million copies. [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) Selected books [ edit ] Moréchand, Françoise. 1976. Le chic, c'est chic. Moréchand, Françoise. 1978. Eregansutte nani . Moréchand, Françoise. 1984. Ii onna wa ryōri ga wakaru: Parijennu wa kuishinbō . Tōkyō: KK Besuto Serāzu Morechand, Francoise. 1987. Furansuryū kaji no tanoshimikata . Tōkyō: Besutoserāzu. Moréchand-Nagataki, Françoise, and Carol-Anne De Carolis. 1990. La Gaïjine . Paris: R. Laffont. Moréchand, Françoise. 1996. Moreshan no gekijo nikki . Awards [ edit ] In 2009, Moréchand was awarded the Legion of Honour (/wiki/Legion_of_Honour) from France. In 2014, the French ambassador to Japan presented her with the insignia of Commander in the National Order of Merit (/wiki/National_Order_of_Merit_(France)) , for "devoting herself for fifty years to communicate with the Japanese and the French in order to discover the riches of each of these cultures". [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d Janette, Misha (3 April 2011). "Japan's 'La Gaijine' (http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2011/04/03/people/japans-la-gaijine/) " (http://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2011/04/03/people/japans-la-gaijine/) . Japan Times Online . Retrieved 14 August 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Conference Mardi 22 mai 2018 Par Françoise Moréchand (Tuesday, May 22, 2018, Conference with Françoise Moréchand)" (https://ufe-japon.org/conference-mardi-22-mai-2018-par-mme-francoise-morechand/) . UFE-Japan . 2018-04-11 . Retrieved 2019-03-28 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Morechand, Francoise" (http://worldcat.org/identities/viaf-24639614/) . OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc . 2019 . Retrieved 29 March 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Remise de l'Ordre national du Mérite à Mme Françoise Moréchand (Presentation of the National Order of Merit to Mrs. Françoise Moréchand)" (https://jp.ambafrance.org/Remise-de-l-Ordre-national-du,3471) . Embassy of France in Tokyo (in French) . Retrieved 2019-03-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "フランソワーズ・モレシャン氏が国家功労勲章コマンドゥールを受章" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100613083325/http://ambafrance-jp.org/spip.php?article3472) (Press release). 在日フランス大使館. 2009-04-22. Archived from the original (http://www.ambafrance-jp.org/spip.php?article3472) on 2010-06-13 . Retrieved 2010-01-05 . External links [ edit ] Tribute to Madam Françoise Moréchand - Fashion Stylist on YouTube (/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)) (video, 3:26) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/24639614) National France (https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121566509) BnF data (https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121566509) Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/1158182376) Japan (https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00450484) Academics CiNii (https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA06360891?l=en) Other IdRef (https://www.idref.fr/030077370) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐gxnc2 Cached time: 20240713201728 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.435 seconds Real time usage: 0.625 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2589/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 30442/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3979/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 16/100 Expensive parser function count: 10/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 26473/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.286/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6269979/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 596.131 1 -total 37.57% 223.956 1 Template:Infobox_person 20.18% 120.312 1 Template:Reflist 16.43% 97.968 1 Template:Authority_control 15.96% 95.126 4 Template:Cite_web 13.22% 78.818 1 Template:Short_description 9.84% 58.667 3 Template:Citation_needed 8.50% 50.683 3 Template:Fix 8.19% 48.812 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 6.93% 41.314 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:31396381-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713201728 and revision id 973158828. 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( April 2023 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) French model (born 1989) Héloïse Guérin Guérin walks for Tibi (/wiki/Tibi_(fashion_brand)) in 2010 Born ( 1989-08-26 ) August 26, 1989 (age 34) France (/wiki/France) Nationality French (/wiki/France) Known for Runway debut opening Isaac Mizrahi Fall/Winter 2008 Modeling information Height 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) Hair color Dark Blonde Eye color Blue Agency Women Management (/wiki/Women_Management) (New York, Milan) Elite Model Management (/wiki/Elite_Model_Management) (Paris) Select Model Management (/wiki/Select_Model_Management) (London) Traffic Models (Barcelona) Model Management (Hamburg) MIKAs (Stockholm) Vivien's Model Management - Sydney (Sydney) [1] (#cite_note-1) Héloïse Guérin (born 26 August 1989) is a French (/wiki/French_people) model. Career [ edit ] Guerin has appeared in advertisements for Blugirl (/wiki/Blugirl) , a branch of the brand Blumarine (/wiki/Blumarine) , Sportmax, Black Fleece by Brooks Brothers, and United Colors of Benetton; she also appeared in the Victoria's Secret (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret) Pink Collegiate Winter campaign. [2] (#cite_note-2) Her runway credits include Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) , Philosophy di Alberta Ferretti (/wiki/Alberta_Ferretti) , Christian Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior) , Isaac Mizrahi (/wiki/Isaac_Mizrahi) , Jill Stuart (/wiki/Jill_Stuart) , and Lacoste (/wiki/Lacoste) . Guerin appeared in the J.Crew catalog for Fall 2010, and in 2011 for Tommy Hilfiger (/wiki/Tommy_Hilfiger) . [3] (#cite_note-3) She is currently signed with Women Management (/wiki/Women_Management) Paris and Select Model Management (/wiki/Select_Model_Management) . References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Heloise Guerin - Model" (https://models.com/models/heloise-guerin) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Heloise Guerin | CelebPoster.com Blog" (https://celebposter.com/blog/heloise-guerin/) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Tommy Hilfiger diffuse la vidéo de sa campagne axée sur la famille américaine (https://www.ladepeche.fr/article/2011/08/09/1143523-tommy-hilfiger-diffuse-la-video-de-sa-campagne-axee-sur-la-famille-americaine.html) 09/08/2011 "Réalisées dans le Old Westbury (New York), la campagne met en scène les mêmes mannequins présents pour la campagne Printemps 2011, à savoir Noah Mills, Héloise Guérin, Chloé Blackshire, " External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Héloïse Guérin (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:H%C3%A9lo%C3%AFse_Gu%C3%A9rin) . Héloïse Guérin (https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/heloise_guerin/) at Fashion Model Directory (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) Héloïse Guérin (http://nymag.com/fashion/models/hguerin/heloiseguerin/) at NYmag.com (/wiki/New_York_(magazine)) "Héloïse Guérin" (https://nymag.com/fashion/models/hguerin/heloiseguerin/) . New York Magazine (/wiki/New_York_Magazine) . Retrieved November 1, 2017 . "Héloïse Guérin" (http://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/Heloise_Guerin) . Fashion Model Directory (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) . Retrieved November 1, 2017 . "Héloïse Guérin" (http://models.com/models/heloise-guerin) . Models.com. 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This article may require cleanup (/wiki/Wikipedia:Cleanup) to meet Wikipedia's quality standards (/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style) . No cleanup reason (/wiki/Template:Cleanup/doc) has been specified. Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Canezou) if you can. ( December 2011 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) The Canezou (aka Canezou-fichu ), c. 1835, is a type of clothing (/wiki/Clothing) , generally worn alongside a corsage (/wiki/Corsage) . [ clarification needed ] Canezou Canezous were originally [ when? ] short jackets (/wiki/Jackets) similar to spencers (/wiki/Spencer_(clothing)) . Over time, they evolved into a sleeveless, sideless form, which was called a "fichu-canezou." It was almost always tucked into a belt (/wiki/Belt_(clothing)) , and was made of white material. [1] (#cite_note-1) The name "Canezou", is a corruption of the French term "Quinze Août" meaning 15 August. According to Victor Hugo (/wiki/Victor_Hugo) , in his work Les Misérables (/wiki/Les_Mis%C3%A9rables) , this "signifies good weather, heat and noon". In 1852, the canezou appeared [ where? ] to take the place of dainty lace (/wiki/Lace) and embroidered capes (/wiki/Cape) . This type of clothing allowed there to be "a happy medium between high and low corsages". [2] (#cite_note-2) In The Royal Lady's Magazine, there are various references to the canezou: "The corsage for morning dress (/wiki/Morning_dress) is generally made plain, and over it the light and elegant canezou is seen, in numberless varieties of form and texture, at once rich and graceful...An elegant canezou of moiree, colour, the evening primrose, and edged with a rich silk fringe is worn with this dress. Colerette of tulle (/wiki/Tulle_(netting)) , interspersed with rays of gauze ribbon, the same colour as the canezou." [3] (#cite_note-3) In Godey's (/wiki/Godey%27s_Lady%27s_Book) magazine, Volume 2, the canezou is described thus: "...over the coursage is worn an elegantly worked muslin canezou, with double joke, falling very low over the sleeves; on each shoulder is placed a bow of gauze (/wiki/Gauze) riband (/wiki/Ribbon) , similar in colour and pattern to that which trims the cap; gold bracelets, worked in the oriental style" [4] (#cite_note-4) In Harper's Magazine (/wiki/Harper%27s_Magazine) , Volume 15, the canezou is describes in the following way: "This very pretty outdoor dress for a young lady, is composed of tarletan (/w/index.php?title=Tarletan&action=edit&redlink=1) , with a canezou of black tulle gathered upon black satin bands and edged with double lace. The sleeves are large and puffed, and are caught up with a naud of black satin ribbon" [5] (#cite_note-5) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "The Dictionary of Fashion Terms" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110918183959/http://www.kbreckpaperdoll.com/costume-dictionary-c.html#) . Archived from the original (http://www.kbreckpaperdoll.com/costume-dictionary-c.html) on 18 September 2011 . Retrieved 1 December 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Lester, Katherine Morris; Ila McAfee (1999). Historic costume: a résumé of the characteristic types of costume from the most remote times to the present day . Omnigraphics. p. 196. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7808-0310-7 . Retrieved 14 December 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "The Royal Lady's Magazine" (http://www.koshka-the-cat.com/royal_magazine8.html) . Retrieved 1 December 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Louis Antoine Godey and Sarah Josepha Buell Hale (1831). Godey's magazine, Volume 2 . Retrieved 1 December 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Alden, Henry Mills; Hartman, Lee Foster; Allen, Frederick Lewis; Wells, Thomas Bucklin (1857). Harper's magazine, Volume 15 . Retrieved 1 December 2011 . 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You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canezou&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐6mf8p Cached time: 20240720231817 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.388 seconds Real time usage: 0.549 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1457/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 85145/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3536/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 10/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 36589/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.207/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4589471/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 429.945 1 -total 27.11% 116.576 1 Template:Reflist 26.91% 115.688 6 Template:Navbox 25.67% 110.347 1 Template:Clothing 19.81% 85.183 2 Template:Cite_web 15.53% 66.768 1 Template:Cleanup 13.21% 56.816 3 Template:Main_other 12.80% 55.033 1 Template:Ambox 10.18% 43.753 1 Template:Commons 9.62% 41.341 1 Template:Sister_project Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:33924225-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720231817 and revision id 1144657520. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canezou&oldid=1144657520 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canezou&oldid=1144657520) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Tops (clothing) (/wiki/Category:Tops_(clothing)) Clothing stubs (/wiki/Category:Clothing_stubs) Hidden categories: Use dmy dates from December 2013 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_December_2013) Articles needing cleanup from December 2011 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_cleanup_from_December_2011) All pages needing cleanup (/wiki/Category:All_pages_needing_cleanup) Cleanup tagged articles without a reason field from December 2011 (/wiki/Category:Cleanup_tagged_articles_without_a_reason_field_from_December_2011) Wikipedia pages needing cleanup from December 2011 (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_pages_needing_cleanup_from_December_2011) Wikipedia articles needing clarification from December 2011 (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_clarification_from_December_2011) All articles with vague or ambiguous time (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_vague_or_ambiguous_time) Vague or ambiguous time from December 2011 (/wiki/Category:Vague_or_ambiguous_time_from_December_2011) Vague or ambiguous geographic scope from December 2011 (/wiki/Category:Vague_or_ambiguous_geographic_scope_from_December_2011) Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles) |
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Cowboy boot with a long, extended toe This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Mexican_pointy_boots) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Mexican pointy boots" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Mexican+pointy+boots%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Mexican+pointy+boots%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Mexican+pointy+boots%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Mexican+pointy+boots%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Mexican+pointy+boots%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Mexican+pointy+boots%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( September 2021 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) A red Mexican pointy boot Mexican pointy boots (Spanish: Botas picudas mexicanas ) or tribal boots (Spanish: botas tribaleras ) are a style of pointed fashion boots (/wiki/Fashion_boot) made with elongated toes that were a popular footwear for men in parts of Mexico (/wiki/Mexico) . The boots were commonly worn in an ironic and comedic way by males involved in the trival (/wiki/Trival) music subculture that thrived in the early 2010s. Origin and expansion [ edit ] The boots originated in an unknown location sometime before 2002 and were used in Mazatlan, Sinaloa during carnival by many performers. Following their creation, the trend had expanded to parts of the United States, particularly in Dallas (/wiki/Dallas) , Texas, but also in Tennessee (/wiki/Tennessee) , Mississippi (/wiki/Mississippi) and Oklahoma (/wiki/Oklahoma) . [1] (#cite_note-ap-1) [2] (#cite_note-vice-2) Design [ edit ] The pointy boots are made by elongating the toe of normal boots by as much as 5 feet (1.5 m), causing the toes to curl up toward the knees. The boots are then further modified according to the wearer's personal taste. Alterations incorporate paint and sequins (/wiki/Sequins) and can go as far as adding flashing LEDs (/wiki/LED) , disco balls (/wiki/Disco_balls) , and mirrors. [1] (#cite_note-ap-1) [2] (#cite_note-vice-2) Dancing [ edit ] The appearance of the pointy boots has coincided with the popularity of " tribal guarachero (/wiki/Trival) " electronic music, hyphy tribal or tribal. Tribal music has been described as "a mixture of Pre-Columbian sounds (/wiki/Pre-Colombian) mixed with fast cumbia (/wiki/Cumbia) bass and electro house (/wiki/Electro_house) beats." Boys and men that wear the pointy boots have formed all-male troupes (Group dance teams) to compete in danceoffs (/wiki/Competitive_dance) at local nightclubs to tribal music. Participants in the contests spend weeks choreographing their dance moves and fabricating their outfits which commonly include "matching western shirts and skinny jeans (/wiki/Skinny_jeans) to accentuate their footwear." In Monterrey, prize money ranges from $100 to $500. The prize often includes a bottle of whiskey (/wiki/Whiskey) . [1] (#cite_note-ap-1) [2] (#cite_note-vice-2) The dance troupes have reportedly become so popular that they are being hired to entertain "at weddings, for quinceañeras (/wiki/Quincea%C3%B1eras) , celebrations of the Virgin of Guadalupe and bachelorette parties" and there is even one report of a crew entertaining after a funeral. [1] (#cite_note-ap-1) See also [ edit ] Other pointed shoes (/wiki/Pointed_shoe_(disambiguation)) Trival dance music ( (/wiki/Trival) tribal-guarachero ) (/wiki/Trival) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d Olga R. Rodriguez (16 May 2011). "Mexico Town's Mutant Pointy Boots Create a Craze" (http://www.sltrib.com/sltrib/world/51817592-68/boots-pointy-dance-added.html.csp) . The Salt lake Tribune . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220122192751/https://archive.sltrib.com/article.php?id=51817592&itype=cmsid) from the original on Jan 22, 2022 . Retrieved 24 November 2012 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Esteban Sheridan Cárdenas (March 2011). "LOOK AT THESE FUCKING BOOTS! Mexican Footwear Finally Gets to the Point" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110728073235/http://www.viceland.com/int/v18n3/htdocs/look-at-these-fucking-boots-721.php?page=1) . Vice (/wiki/Vice_(magazine)) . Archived from the original (http://www.viceland.com/int/v18n3/htdocs/look-at-these-fucking-boots-721.php?page=1) on 28 July 2011 . Retrieved 15 June 2011 . External links [ edit ] Video: Behind The Seams – Mexican Pointy Boots on YouTube (/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)) , Vice (/wiki/Vice_(magazine)) , April 1, 2011 Video: Mexican Town Goes Mad for Pointy Boots on YouTube (/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)) , Associated Press (/wiki/Associated_Press) , May 16, 2011 v t e Mexican handcrafts and folk art (/wiki/Mexican_handcrafts_and_folk_art) Clay and ceramics Mexican ceramics (/wiki/Mexican_ceramics) Talavera pottery (/wiki/Talavera_pottery) Ceramics of Jalisco (/wiki/Ceramics_of_Jalisco) Mata Ortiz pottery (/wiki/Mata_Ortiz_pottery) Tree of Life (/wiki/Tree_of_Life_(Mexican_pottery)) Barro Negro pottery (/wiki/Barro_negro_pottery) Green glazed pottery of Atzompa (/wiki/Green_glazed_pottery_of_Atzompa) Pottery of Metepec (/wiki/Pottery_of_Metepec) Soteno family (/wiki/Soteno_family) Textiles and other fiber crafts Textiles of Mexico (/wiki/Textiles_of_Mexico) Basketry of Mexico (/wiki/Basketry_of_Mexico) Textiles of Oaxaca 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Mexican pointy boots Rebozo (/wiki/Rebozo) Serape (/wiki/Serape) Sombrero (/wiki/Sombrero) Quechquemitl (/wiki/Quechquemitl) Oceania Grass skirt (/wiki/Grass_skirt) Feather cloak (/wiki/Feather_cloak) I-sala (/wiki/I-sala) Lap-lap (/wiki/Lap-lap) Lavalava (/wiki/Lavalava) Kiekie (/wiki/Kiekie_(clothing)) Pareo (/wiki/Pareo) Sulu (/wiki/Sulu_(skirt)) Taʻovala (/wiki/Ta%CA%BBovala) Tēfui (/wiki/T%C4%93fui) Tupenu (/wiki/Tupenu) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐6kbmn Cached time: 20240712171221 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.421 seconds Real time usage: 0.608 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1057/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 79734/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1246/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 18/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 27503/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.263/10.000 seconds Lua 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Australian music video director and fashion designer Jessie Hill Jessie Hill (Director) 2015 Born Avalon Beach (/wiki/Avalon_Beach,_New_South_Wales) , New South Wales (/wiki/New_South_Wales) , Australia (/wiki/Australia) Occupation(s) Director (/wiki/Director_(film)) , Filmmaker (/wiki/Filmmaker) , Fashion Designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) Website www (http://www.jessiehilldirector.com) .jessiehilldirector (http://www.jessiehilldirector.com) .com (http://www.jessiehilldirector.com) Jessie Hill is an Australian music video director and fashion designer, best known for her work with Julia Stone (/wiki/Julia_Stone) [1] (#cite_note-1) and Angus Stone (/wiki/Angus_Stone) . [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) Career [ edit ] Hill began her career as a wardrobe assistant for film and TV in her home country of Australia (/wiki/Australia) . At the age of 16 she moved to Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) and, shortly thereafter, she was hired as an assistant stylist for MTV (/wiki/MTV) . She moved through the ranks at MTV and began a career as an independent stylist, working with clients worldwide. [4] (#cite_note-4) In 2005, Hill became the head women's wear designer for cult label Buddhist Punk, and in 2007 launched [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) an eponymous (/wiki/Eponymous) clothing line, which was presented in runway shows worldwide. [7] (#cite_note-7) Her collections were often inspired by the styles of the 1940s and 1960s. [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) Hill was asked to direct her first music video in 2011 by Julia Stone (/wiki/Julia_Stone) , based on drawings Stone noticed in Hill's sketchbook. They have collaborated on the videos for the tracks By The Horns , Justine (starring Quinton Aaron (/wiki/Quinton_Aaron) ) and Let’s Forget All The Things That We Say (starring Shiloh Fernandez (/wiki/Shiloh_Fernandez) ). Following these videos, Jessie directed acclaimed music videos, short films and content for Rick Rubin (/wiki/Rick_Rubin) , Chris Cornell (/wiki/Chris_Cornell) , Halsey (/wiki/Halsey_(singer)) , Broods (/wiki/Broods) , Dean Lewis (/wiki/Dean_Lewis) , Hey Violet (/wiki/Hey_Violet) , Disney (/wiki/Disney) , L'Oréal (/wiki/L%27Or%C3%A9al) and NYX Cosmetics, as well as a fashion documentary film for Rag & Bone (/wiki/Rag_%26_Bone) , with a music score by Thom Yorke (/wiki/Thom_Yorke) . [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) At the ARIA Music Awards of 2018 (/wiki/ARIA_Music_Awards_of_2018) she won ARIA Award for Best Video (/wiki/ARIA_Award_for_Best_Video) for her direction on Dean Lewis' music video, " Be Alright (/wiki/Be_Alright_(Dean_Lewis_song)) " (June 2018). [17] (#cite_note-ARIA_Winners-17) Personal life [ edit ] Hill was born and raised in Avalon Beach (/wiki/Avalon_Beach,_New_South_Wales) , Sydney (/wiki/Sydney) , Australia. Activist/actress Mia Farrow (/wiki/Mia_Farrow) is her distant cousin. [18] (#cite_note-18) Hill is based in Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) , California (/wiki/California) . Music videos [ edit ] 2012 [ edit ] Bird on a Buffalo - Angus Stone (/wiki/Angus_Stone) (starring Isabel Lucas (/wiki/Isabel_Lucas) ) By The Horns - Julia Stone (/wiki/Julia_Stone) Justine - Julia Stone (/wiki/Julia_Stone) (starring Quinton Aaron (/wiki/Quinton_Aaron) ) Let’s Forget - Julia Stone (/wiki/Julia_Stone) (starring Shiloh Fernandez (/wiki/Shiloh_Fernandez) ) 2014 [ edit ] A Heartbreak - Angus & Julia Stone (/wiki/Angus_%26_Julia_Stone) Get Home - Angus & Julia Stone (/wiki/Angus_%26_Julia_Stone) Heart Beats Slow - Angus & Julia Stone (/wiki/Angus_%26_Julia_Stone) Let’s Forget (French Version) - Julia Stone (/wiki/Julia_Stone) (feat Benjamin Biolay (/wiki/Benjamin_Biolay) ) 2015 [ edit ] High - Zella Day (/wiki/Zella_Day) Nearly Forgot My Broken Heart (/wiki/Nearly_Forgot_My_Broken_Heart) - Chris Cornell (/wiki/Chris_Cornell) starring Eric Roberts (/wiki/Eric_Roberts) ) Wanted Man - The Last Internationale (/wiki/The_Last_Internationale) 2016 [ edit ] Free (/wiki/Free_(Broods_song)) - Broods (/wiki/Broods) 1000x (/wiki/1000x) - Jarryd James (/wiki/Jarryd_James) Smoke and Fire (/wiki/Smoke_and_Fire_(Sabrina_Carpenter_song)) - Sabrina Carpenter (/wiki/Sabrina_Carpenter) 2017 [ edit ] Hoodie - Hey Violet (/wiki/Hey_Violet) 2018 [ edit ] Be Alright (/wiki/Be_Alright_(Dean_Lewis_song)) - Dean Lewis (/wiki/Dean_Lewis) Chateau - Angus & Julia Stone (/wiki/Angus_%26_Julia_Stone) (starring Dacre Montgomery (/wiki/Dacre_Montgomery) and Courtney Eaton (/wiki/Courtney_Eaton) ) Nothing Else - Angus & Julia Stone (/wiki/Angus_%26_Julia_Stone) Strangers (/wiki/Strangers_(Halsey_song)) - Halsey (/wiki/Halsey_(singer)) Short films [ edit ] Return To Sender – Directed by Jessie Hill. Written by Jessie Hill & Mishel Prada (/wiki/Mishel_Prada) 2013 Mari Celeste – Written and Directed by Jessie Hill 2014 Secret Forest, Vogue (Magazine) (/wiki/Vogue_(Magazine)) Film | 2015 Rag And Bone feat. Thom Yorke (/wiki/Thom_Yorke) 2016 Making of Documentary – Angus & Julia Stone (/wiki/Angus_%26_Julia_Stone) , Rick Rubin (/wiki/Rick_Rubin) , USA 2016 Awards and nominations [ edit ] ARIA Music Awards [ edit ] The ARIA Music Awards (/wiki/ARIA_Music_Awards) is an annual awards ceremony that recognises excellence, innovation, and achievement across all genres of Australian music (/wiki/Australian_music) . They commenced in 1987. Year Nominee / work Award Result Ref. 2018 (/wiki/ARIA_Music_Awards_of_2018) Jessie Hill for " Be Alright (/wiki/Be_Alright_(Dean_Lewis_song)) " ( Dean Lewis (/wiki/Dean_Lewis) ) Best Video (/wiki/ARIA_Award_for_Best_Video) Won [19] (#cite_note-Video-19) 2020 (/wiki/ARIA_Music_Awards_of_2020) Jessie Hill for "Dance" ( Julia Stone (/wiki/Julia_Stone) ) Nominated References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Hasty, Katie (19 October 2012). "Premiere: Watch The Blind Sides Quinton Aaron fall in love in Julia Stones Justine" (http://www.hitfix.com/immaculate-noise/premiere-watch-the-blind-sides-quinton-aaron-fall-in-love-in-julia-stones-justine) . Hitfix.com . Retrieved 15 November 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Watch: 'Bird On The Buffalo' by Angus Stone | Fashion Magazine | News. Fashion. Beauty. Music" (https://web.archive.org/web/20131214164723/http://oystermag.com/watch-bird-on-the-buffalo-by-angus-stone) . oystermag.com. 17 April 2012. Archived from the original (http://oystermag.com/watch-bird-on-the-buffalo-by-angus-stone) on 14 December 2013 . Retrieved 15 November 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Ledonne, Rob (7 July 2014). "A Video Debut from Rick Rubin's New Protégés, Angus and Julia Stone" (https://tmagazine.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/07/07/angus-and-julia-stone-video-debut-from-rick-rubin-new-proteges/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_php=true&_type=blogs&module=Search&mabReward=relbias%3Aw%2C%5B%22RI%3A7%22%2C%22RI%3A12%22%5D&_r=1) . New York Times . Retrieved 11 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "SheBreathes™ | Fashion + Culture: Entries from February 2009" (http://www.shebreathes.com/blog/2009/02/) . Shebreathes.com . Retrieved 15 November 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Jessie Hill To Join" (https://web.archive.org/web/20131212031954/http://www.fashionpalette.com.au/blog/2009/03/18/jessie-hill-to-join-fashion-palette/) . Fashion Palette. 18 March 2009. Archived from the original (http://www.fashionpalette.com.au/blog/2009/03/18/jessie-hill-to-join-fashion-palette/) on 12 December 2013 . Retrieved 15 November 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Fashion Designers G to H - The Fashion eZine" (http://fashion.lilithezine.com/Fashion-Designers-GH.html) . Fashion.lilithezine.com . Retrieved 10 December 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Jessie Hill - Fashion - Vogue Australia" (https://web.archive.org/web/20131214052146/http://www.vogue.com.au/fashion/directory/jessie+hill,104) . Vogue.com.au. 3 May 2007. Archived from the original (http://www.vogue.com.au/fashion/directory/jessie+hill,104) on 14 December 2013 . Retrieved 15 November 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Kate Moffatt (21 October 2010). "Jessie Hill for Sportsgirl - Marie Claire Magazine - Yahoo!7 Lifestyle" (https://web.archive.org/web/20131216082714/http://au.lifestyle.yahoo.com/marie-claire/fashion/news/article/-/8173168/jessie-hill-for-sportsgirl/) . Au.lifestyle.yahoo.com. Archived from the original (http://au.lifestyle.yahoo.com/marie-claire/fashion/news/article/-/8173168/jessie-hill-for-sportsgirl/) on 16 December 2013 . Retrieved 15 November 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Sportsgirls Like Jessie Hill" (http://www.girl.com.au/sportsgirls-like-jessie-hill.htm) . Girl.com.au. 27 September 2007 . Retrieved 15 November 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Homepage" (https://theimpression.com/rag-bone-google-virtual-reality-film/) . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Watch Chris Cornell Survive Wild West Hanging in New Video" (https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/watch-chris-cornell-survive-wild-west-hanging-in-new-video-63450/) . Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) . 11 September 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Jarryd James' Scandalous Video for Broods-Assisted '1000x': Exclusive Premiere" (https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop/7439168/jarryd-james-broods-1000x-video-exclusive-premiere) . Billboard . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Sabrina Carpenter to debut new single on "Live with Kelly and Michael" (http://www.mcall.com/entertainment/tv-watchers/mc-sabrina-carpenter-to-debut-new-single-on-live-with-kelly-and-michael-20160316-story.html) " (http://www.mcall.com/entertainment/tv-watchers/mc-sabrina-carpenter-to-debut-new-single-on-live-with-kelly-and-michael-20160316-story.html) . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "StackPath" (https://amnplify.com.au/dean-lewis-shares-official-video-for-chart-topping-single-be-alright/) . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "single-hoodie-today-on-vevo" (https://the360mag.com/hey-violet-premiere-the-video-for-new-single-hoodie-today-on-vevo/) . the360mag.com . 11 August 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-16) "This is Junk | Return to Sender" (http://www.thisisjunk.com/a-spanish-tale/) . www.thisisjunk.com . ^ (#cite_ref-ARIA_Winners_17-0) Australian Recording Industry Association (/wiki/Australian_Recording_Industry_Association) (ARIA) (28 November 2018). "And the ARIA Award Goes To..." (https://www.ariaawards.com.au/News/2018/And-The-ARIA-Award-Goes-To) Australian Recording Industry Association (/wiki/Australian_Recording_Industry_Association) (ARIA) . Retrieved 20 December 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Hilton takes yellow road - Fashion Police - Fashion - Entertainment" (https://www.smh.com.au/news/fashion/hilton-takes-yellow-road/2006/06/21/1150845244685.html) . smh.com.au. 21 June 2006 . Retrieved 15 November 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-Video_19-0) ARIA Award previous winners. "Winners by Award – Artisan Awards – Best Video" (https://www.ariaawards.com.au/history/award/Best-Video?view=list) . Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) . Retrieved 12 December 2019 . External links [ edit ] [1] (http://www.jessiehilldirector.com) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐bdcc7b545‐6628p Cached time: 20240715195504 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.303 seconds Real time usage: 0.408 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2613/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 37423/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2142/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 70734/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.176/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6900320/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 365.761 1 -total 41.13% 150.434 1 Template:Reflist 32.87% 120.217 16 Template:Cite_web 28.44% 104.008 1 Template:Infobox_person 16.55% 60.517 1 Template:Short_description 9.68% 35.413 2 Template:Pagetype 7.68% 28.085 19 Template:Main_other 5.08% 18.593 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 4.27% 15.615 1 Template:Authority_control 3.68% 13.454 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:40563055-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715195504 and revision id 1167718665. 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Type of outdoor footwear This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Water_shoe) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Water shoe" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Water+shoe%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Water+shoe%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Water+shoe%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Water+shoe%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Water+shoe%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Water+shoe%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( August 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Three pairs of water shoes. A water shoe is a type of footwear (/wiki/Footwear) that is typically used for activities where the feet are likely to become wet, such as kayaking (/wiki/Kayaking) . Water shoes are usually made of mesh and have a hard sole used to prevent cuts and abrasions when walking in wet, rocky environments. They may often have tiny holes on the bottom or sides of the sole to allow for quick water drainage, which helps the wearer's feet dry faster, keeps the shoe light, and prolongs the lifespan of the material. Additionally, most people do not wear socks with water shoes. Types [ edit ] There are several types of water shoes based on the needs of the wearer, ranging from something that resembles a sock to footwear that can function as a sneaker or even a boot. Water socks－Maintains the feeling of being barefoot when engaging in water activities. Ideal for swimming and can sometimes be worn inside scuba gear. Water shoe－The most common type and can be worn casually in and out of water because it functions as a normal shoe. They can be designed to be able to handle light hiking. History [ edit ] Canvas shoes reinforced with rope known as bathing shoes were part of Victorian women’s bathing costumes. [1] (#cite_note-Tait126-1) They were held in place with ribbons. [1] (#cite_note-Tait126-1) Water shoes are also used to protect people's feet in waters with sharp-rocked floors or zebra mussels (/wiki/Zebra_mussel) , in which case their primary purpose is not to keep the wearer's feet dry. In some areas such as the Finger Lakes (/wiki/Finger_Lakes) , wearing water shoes has become essential due to the infestation of sharp-edged mussels (/wiki/Mussel) . [2] (#cite_note-2) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Tait, Rachel; Tiley, Kate (2023). 100 Treasures and Curiosities from the Collection of Carisbrooke Castle Museum . Medina Publishing. p. 126. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781911487975 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Hirtler, Judy (2004-06-21). "The Finger beaches" (http://www.stargazettetimeout.com/wine/062104sfl_1.html) . Star-Gazette . Retrieved 8 August 2014 . Also, don't forget the water shoes. Zebra mussels can be a problem. v t e Footwear (/wiki/Footwear) Abandoned footwear (/wiki/Abandoned_footwear) Shoe (/wiki/Shoe) Shoemaking (/wiki/Shoemaking) Shoe size (/wiki/Shoe_size) Dress shoes (/wiki/Dress_shoe) Blucher (/wiki/Blucher_shoe) Brogues (/wiki/Brogue_shoe) Brothel creepers (/wiki/Brothel_creeper) Derby (/wiki/Derby_shoe) Monks (/wiki/Monk_shoe) Oxfords (/wiki/Oxford_shoe) Spectator shoes (Co-respondent shoes) (/wiki/Spectator_shoe) Winklepickers (/wiki/Winklepicker) Wholecuts (/wiki/Wholecut) Slip-on shoes (/wiki/Slip-on_shoe) Court shoes (/wiki/Court_shoe) Prince Albert slippers (/wiki/Slipper#Types) Loafers (/wiki/Slip-on_shoe#Types_of_loafer) Venetian-style shoes (/wiki/Venetian-style_shoe) Women's Ballet flats (/wiki/Ballet_flat) High-heeled footwear (/wiki/High-heeled_shoe) Mary Janes (/wiki/Mary_Jane_(shoe)) Mojari (/wiki/Mojari) Mules (/wiki/Mule_(shoe)) Peep-toe shoes (/wiki/Peep-toe_shoe) Saddle shoes (/wiki/Saddle_shoe) Slingbacks (/wiki/Slingback) Other shoes Driving moccasins (/wiki/Moccasin#Driving_moccasins) Flip-flops (/wiki/Flip-flops) Galoshes (/wiki/Galoshes) Platform shoes (/wiki/Platform_shoe) Sandals (/wiki/Sandal) Self-tying shoes (/wiki/Self-tying_shoes) Slides (/wiki/Slide_(footwear)) Slippers (/wiki/Slipper) ( Uwabaki (/wiki/Uwabaki) ) Tiger-head shoes (/wiki/Tiger-head_shoes) Veldskoens (/wiki/Veldskoen) Zōri (/wiki/Z%C5%8Dri) Wooden footwear (/wiki/Clog) Bakya (/wiki/Bakya) British clogs (/wiki/Clog_(British)) Cantabrian albarcas (/wiki/Cantabrian_albarcas) Clogs (/wiki/Clog) Geta (/wiki/Geta_(footwear)) Klompen (/wiki/Klomp) Namaksin (/wiki/Namaksin) Okobo (/wiki/Okobo) Padukas (/wiki/Paduka) Pattens (/wiki/Patten_(shoe)) Sabot (/wiki/Sabot_(shoe)) Träskor (/wiki/Tr%C3%A4skor) Boots Military Ammunition boots (/wiki/Ammunition_boot) Bunny boots (/wiki/Bunny_boots) Combat boots (/wiki/Combat_boot) Jackboots (/wiki/Jackboot) Jump boots (/wiki/Jump_boot) Jungle boots (/wiki/Jungle_boot) Tanker boots (/wiki/Tanker_boot) Trench boots (/wiki/Trench_boot) Munson Last (/wiki/Edward_Lyman_Munson#Munson_last) Work Australian work boots (/wiki/Australian_work_boot) Cowboy boots (/wiki/Cowboy_boot) Engineer boots (/wiki/Engineer_boot) Hip boots (/wiki/Hip_boot) Jika-tabi (/wiki/Jika-tabi) Rigger boots (/wiki/Rigger_boot) Steel-toe boots (/wiki/Steel-toe_boot) Waders (/wiki/Waders_(footwear)) Fashion boots (/wiki/Fashion_boot) Chelsea boots (/wiki/Chelsea_boot) ( Beatle boots (/wiki/Beatle_boot) ) Chukka boots (/wiki/Chukka_boot) Go-go boots (/wiki/Go-go_boot) Knee-high boots (/wiki/Knee-high_boot) Over-the-knee boots (/wiki/Over-the-knee_boot) Platform boots (/wiki/Platform_shoe) Thigh-high boots (/wiki/Thigh-high_boots) Ugg boots (/wiki/Ugg_boots) Other Jodhpur boots (/wiki/Jodhpur_boot) Wellington boots (/wiki/Wellington_boot) Ballet boots (/wiki/Ballet_boot) Sport-related footwear Athletic shoes (/wiki/Sneaker) Ballet shoes (/wiki/Ballet_shoe) Boat shoes (/wiki/Boat_shoe) Climbing shoes (/wiki/Climbing_shoe) Cross country running shoes (/wiki/Cross_country_running_shoe) Cycling shoes (/wiki/Cycling_shoe) Football boots (/wiki/Football_boot) Ghillies (/wiki/Ghillies_(dance)) Hiking boots (/wiki/Hiking_boot) Ice skates (/wiki/Ice_skate) Inline skates (/wiki/Inline_skates) Kung fu shoes (/wiki/Kung_fu_shoe) Minimalist shoes (/wiki/Minimalist_shoe) Motorcycle boots (/wiki/Motorcycle_boot) Mountaineering boots (/wiki/Mountaineering_boot) Plimsolls (/wiki/Plimsoll_(shoe)) Racing flats (/wiki/Racing_flat) Racing shoes (/wiki/Racing_shoes) Riding boots (/wiki/Riding_boot) Roller shoes (/wiki/Roller_shoe) Roller skates (/wiki/Roller_skates) Sabatons (/wiki/Sabaton) Safari boots (/wiki/Safari_boot) Skate shoes (/wiki/Skate_shoe) Ski boots (/wiki/Ski_boot) Sneakers (/wiki/Sneaker) Swimfins (/wiki/Swimfin) Water shoes Wrestling shoes (/wiki/Wrestling_shoe) Folk footwear (/wiki/Folk_costume) Abacas (/wiki/Abaca_slippers) Abarkas (/wiki/Abarka) Alpargatas (/wiki/Espadrille) Avarcas (/wiki/Avarca) Balghas (/wiki/Balgha) Bast shoes (/wiki/Bast_shoe) Ciocie (/wiki/Ciocie) Clogs (/wiki/Clog) Espadrilles (/wiki/Espadrille) Furlane (/wiki/Furlane_(shoe)) Galesh (/wiki/Galesh) Geta (/wiki/Geta_(footwear)) Giveh (/wiki/Giveh) Haferlschuh (/wiki/Haferlschuh) Hnyat-phanats (/wiki/Hnyat-phanat) Huarache (/wiki/Huarache_(shoe)) Hwa (/wiki/Hwa) Jipsin (/wiki/Jipsin) Jorabs (/wiki/Jorabs) Kamiks (/wiki/Kamik) Kolhapuri chappals (/wiki/Kolhapuri_chappal) Moccasins (/wiki/Moccasin) Mojaris (/wiki/Mojari) Mukluks (/wiki/Mukluk) Nalins (/wiki/Turkish_clogs) Okobo (/wiki/Okobo) Opanci (/wiki/Opanak) Peshawari chappals (/wiki/Peshawari_chappal) Snowshoes (/wiki/Snowshoe) Tsarouchi (/wiki/Tsarouchi) Takunya (/wiki/Turkish_clogs) Upanah (/wiki/Upanah) Valenkis (/wiki/Valenki) Waraji (/wiki/Waraji) Zōri (/wiki/Z%C5%8Dri) Historical footwear Areni-1 shoes (/wiki/Areni-1_shoe) Buskins (/wiki/Buskin) Calcei (/wiki/Calcei) Caligae (/wiki/Caligae) Carbatina (/wiki/Carbatina) Cavalier boots (/wiki/Cavalier_boot) Chinese styles (/wiki/Hanfu_footwear) Chopines (/wiki/Chopine) Duckbill shoes (/wiki/Duckbill_shoe) Flowerpot shoes (/wiki/Flowerpot_shoe) Hessians (/wiki/Hessian_(boot)) Lotus shoes (/wiki/Lotus_shoe) Pampooties (/wiki/Pampootie) Pigaches (/wiki/Pigache) Poulaines (/wiki/Poulaine) Socci (/wiki/Socci) Turnshoes (/wiki/Turnshoe) Shoe construction Bespoke shoes (/wiki/Bespoke_shoes) Blake construction (/wiki/Blake_construction) Goodyear welt (/wiki/Goodyear_welt) Shoe buckle (/wiki/Shoe_buckle) Shoelaces (/wiki/Shoelaces) Toe box (/wiki/Toe_box) High heels (/wiki/High-heeled_shoe) Clear heels (/wiki/Clear_heels) Kitten heels (/wiki/Kitten_heel) Spool heels (/wiki/Spool_heel) Stiletto heels (/wiki/Stiletto_heel) Wedges (/wiki/Wedge_(footwear)) Hosiery Anklets (/wiki/Anklet_(sock)) Bobby socks (/wiki/Bobby_sock) Dress socks (/wiki/Dress_sock) Footwraps (/wiki/Footwrap) Knee highs (/wiki/Knee_highs) Pantyhose (/wiki/Pantyhose) Sock (/wiki/Sock) Stocking (/wiki/Stocking) Tights (/wiki/Tights) Toe socks (/wiki/Toe_sock) Tabi (/wiki/Tabi) List of shoe styles (/wiki/List_of_shoe_styles) This shoe (/wiki/Shoe) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Water_shoe&action=edit) . v t e This article about sports equipment (/wiki/Sports_equipment) is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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American costume designer Not to be confused with Milla Davenport (/wiki/Milla_Davenport) . Millia Davenport Millia Davenport in 1920 Born ( 1895-03-30 ) March 30, 1895 Cambridge, Massachusetts (/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts) Died January 18, 1992 (1992-01-18) (aged 96) New City, New York (/wiki/New_City,_New_York) Occupations Costume designer (/wiki/Costume_designer) historian Notable work The Book of Costume (1948) Millia Davenport cover illustration for The Quill (January 1918); her stylized "MD" signature mark is in the top left corner. Millia Crotty Davenport (March 30, 1895 – January 18, 1992) was an American costumer (/wiki/Costume_designer) , theater designer (/wiki/Theater_designer) , and scholar, known for her 1948 work The Book of Costume . [1] (#cite_note-RobinsonRoberts1989-1) Biography [ edit ] Millia Davenport was born March 30, 1895, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, to biologists Charles (/wiki/Charles_Davenport) and Gertrude Davenport (/wiki/Gertrude_Davenport) , who became leaders of the American eugenics movement (/wiki/Eugenics_in_the_United_States) . [2] (#cite_note-SS_App-2) She studied in Paris as a teenager, returning to New York where she graduated from Huntington High School (/wiki/Huntington_High_School_(New_York)) in 1913 and attended Barnard College (/wiki/Barnard_College) from 1913 to 1915. [3] (#cite_note-Mikotowicz1992-3) She studied at the Parsons School of Design (/wiki/Parsons_School_of_Design) from 1917 to 1918, and later taught there. [4] (#cite_note-Stowell-4) She married editor Arthur Harold Moss (/wiki/Arthur_Harold_Moss) in her early twenties and for a time was editor and publisher of The Quill , a Greenwich Village (/wiki/Greenwich_Village) literary magazine. In the 1920s she married Walter Louis Fleisher, and in the late 1930s married a third time to physician Edward Harkevy. In 1947 she declined an offer from Orson Welles (/wiki/Orson_Welles) to design costumes for his film production of (/wiki/Macbeth_(1948_film)) Macbeth in order to focus on her academic research, culminating in The Book of Costume . [5] (#cite_note-Bruinius2007-5) In the early 1960s she founded and cataloged the library of the American Museum of Folk Art (/wiki/American_Museum_of_Folk_Art) . [6] (#cite_note-6) In 1981 Davenport received the highest honor given by the United States Institute for Theatre Technology (/wiki/United_States_Institute_for_Theatre_Technology) , for a lifetime of distinguished contribution to the performing arts. [7] (#cite_note-7) That same year she was awarded an honorary doctorate from the Parsons School of Design. [4] (#cite_note-Stowell-4) She died January 18, 1992, [2] (#cite_note-SS_App-2) aged 96, at a nursing home minutes away from her longtime home in New City, New York (/wiki/New_City,_New_York) , which she designed and built. [4] (#cite_note-Stowell-4) Legacy [ edit ] In 1991 the Costume Society of America established the Millia Davenport Publication Award recognizing excellence in costume scholarship. [8] (#cite_note-8) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-RobinsonRoberts1989_1-0) Robinson, Alice M.; Roberts, Vera Mowry; Barranger, Milly S., eds. (1989). Notable Women in the American Theatre: A Biographical Dictionary . Greenwood Press. pp. 196–197. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-313-27217-2 . ^ a b "Millia Davenport Harkevy". Ancestry.com, U.S., Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936–2007 [database online]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc., 2015. Retrieved 2017-09-11. ^ (#cite_ref-Mikotowicz1992_3-0) Mikotowicz, Thomas J. (1992). Theatrical Designers: An International Biographical Dictionary . Greenwood Press. p. 65. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-313-26270-8 . ^ a b c Stowell, Don (March 1992). "In Memoriam: Millia Davenport" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120604052806/http://old.usitt.org/documents/sightlines/1992_03.pdf) (PDF) . Sightlines . United States Institute for Theatre Technology. pp. 3–4. Archived from the original (http://old.usitt.org/documents/sightlines/1992_03.pdf) (PDF) on 2012-06-04. ^ (#cite_ref-Bruinius2007_5-0) Bruinius, Harry (2007). Better for All the World: The Secret History of Forced Sterilization and America's Quest for Racial Purity . Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 305. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-307-42496-9 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Earson, Adele (Summer 1978). "History of the Museum: 1961–1978" (https://issuu.com/american_folk_art_museum/docs/clarion_mid-sum1978) . The Clarion . American Museum of Folk Art. pp. 30–31. ^ (#cite_ref-7) "The USITT Award" (http://www.usitt.org/usittaward/) . United States Institute for Theatre Technology (/wiki/United_States_Institute_for_Theatre_Technology) . Retrieved 2017-09-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Millia Davenport Publication Award" (http://costumesocietyamerica.com/resources/grants-awards-and-honors/millia-davenport-publication-award/) . Costume Society of America . Retrieved 9 October 2016 . External links [ edit ] Media related to Millia Davenport (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Millia_Davenport) at Wikimedia Commons Millia Davenport (https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/24787) at the Internet Broadway Database (/wiki/Internet_Broadway_Database) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International FAST (http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1556146/) ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000116374128) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/48770608) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJmdvGVjTfRGHwHbDKdxXd) National Norway (https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/1060808) Israel (http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007283562905171) United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no00040760) Japan (https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00465298) Australia (https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35800444) Netherlands (http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p067974899) Poland (https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810592225805606) People Trove (https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1093215) Other IdRef (https://www.idref.fr/13002872X) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐jd2mb Cached time: 20240719050945 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.459 seconds Real time usage: 0.867 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2234/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 26282/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1657/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 15/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 36484/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.267/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6195597/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 540.764 1 -total 36.54% 197.590 1 Template:Infobox_person 28.24% 152.713 1 Template:Reflist 19.95% 107.872 3 Template:Cite_book 12.57% 67.973 1 Template:Short_description 11.93% 64.519 1 Template:Authority_control 11.26% 60.869 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 9.70% 52.461 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 7.25% 39.214 2 Template:Pagetype 6.90% 37.303 16 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:51926003-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719050945 and revision id 1216999271. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Millia_Davenport&oldid=1216999271 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Millia_Davenport&oldid=1216999271) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1895 births (/wiki/Category:1895_births) 1992 deaths (/wiki/Category:1992_deaths) American costume designers (/wiki/Category:American_costume_designers) American scenic designers (/wiki/Category:American_scenic_designers) Women scenic designers (/wiki/Category:Women_scenic_designers) American magazine editors (/wiki/Category:American_magazine_editors) Artists from Cambridge, Massachusetts (/wiki/Category:Artists_from_Cambridge,_Massachusetts) Barnard College alumni (/wiki/Category:Barnard_College_alumni) American women magazine editors (/wiki/Category:American_women_magazine_editors) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata) Internet Broadway Database person ID same as Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Internet_Broadway_Database_person_ID_same_as_Wikidata) Articles with FAST identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_FAST_identifiers) Articles with ISNI identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_ISNI_identifiers) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_WorldCat_Entities_identifiers) Articles with BIBSYS identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BIBSYS_identifiers) Articles with J9U identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_J9U_identifiers) Articles with LCCN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers) Articles with NDL identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_NDL_identifiers) Articles with NLA identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_NLA_identifiers) Articles with NTA identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_NTA_identifiers) Articles with PLWABN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_PLWABN_identifiers) Articles with Trove identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Trove_identifiers) Articles with SUDOC identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_SUDOC_identifiers) |
< Wikipedia:WikiProject Portals (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Portals) This essay (/wiki/Wikipedia:Essays) is in development. It contains the advice or opinions of one or more Wikipedia contributors. Essays may represent widespread norms or minority viewpoints. Consider these views with discretion, especially since this page is still under construction. This page in a nutshell: Every portal is a subportal of a parent portal. This essay organizes the portals in a Tree structure (/wiki/Tree_structure) , in order to help the maintain the portal space. Especially in maintaining of the related portals section, ensuring that views flow from the main page to the narrowest topic portals. Hierarchy: Main page is the top parent portal. Portals linked in the main page are the bottom stem. Only existing portals. No red links. 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Not to be confused with Dubai Holding (/wiki/Dubai_Holding) or Dubai Group (/wiki/Dubai_Group) . This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Dubai_Holding_Group) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Dubai_Holding_Group) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article relies excessively on references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) to primary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources) . Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources) . Find sources: "Dubai Holding Group" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Dubai+Holding+Group%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Dubai+Holding+Group%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Dubai+Holding+Group%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Dubai+Holding+Group%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Dubai+Holding+Group%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Dubai+Holding+Group%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( October 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Dubai_Holding_Group) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Dubai Holding Group" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Dubai+Holding+Group%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Dubai+Holding+Group%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Dubai+Holding+Group%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Dubai+Holding+Group%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Dubai+Holding+Group%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Dubai+Holding+Group%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( October 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Dubai Holding Group Company type Private (/wiki/Privately_held_company) Industry Retail Founded 2000 Headquarters Dubai (/wiki/Dubai) , United Arab Emirates (/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates) Area served Middle East/GCC Products Apparel (/wiki/Apparel) , Footwear (/wiki/Footwear) , Accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) , Homeware (/wiki/Homeware) , Furniture (/wiki/Furniture) Number of employees 500 Website http://www.dubaiholdinggroup.com/ (http://www.dubaiholdinggroup.com/) Established in 2000, Dubai Holding Group is an Emirati multinational retail organization in the Middle East, representing fashion franchises. [1] (#cite_note-1) The Group represents prominent brands such as Zara (/wiki/Zara_(retailer)) , Zara Home (/wiki/Zara_Home) , Stradivarius (Inditex) (/wiki/Stradivarius_(Inditex)) , women’secret, Gerard Darel, Flamant (company) (/wiki/Flamant_(company)) , Promod (/wiki/Promod) , Harrys of London, Sfera & Delvaux (company) (/wiki/Delvaux_(company)) . [2] (#cite_note-ameinfo.com-2) History [ edit ] Operating over the past 15 years, Dubai Holding Group have opened various stores across The UAE (/wiki/The_UAE) , Oman (/wiki/Oman) , Qatar (/wiki/Qatar) , Bahrain (/wiki/Bahrain) , Kuwait (/wiki/Kuwait) , with brands from six different countries. The first brand to join the group was the Spanish brand Stradivarius (Inditex) (/wiki/Stradivarius_(Inditex)) , the women's clothing line belonging to Inditex (/wiki/Inditex) . [3] (#cite_note-3) Their most recent franchise is with Delvaux (company) (/wiki/Delvaux_(company)) . [2] (#cite_note-ameinfo.com-2) Primarily a fashion franchiser, the Group ventured into home textiles with Zara Home (/wiki/Zara_Home) in 2008, followed shortly by Flamant (company) (/wiki/Flamant_(company)) in 2014. Timeline [ edit ] 2000 : Stradivarius opens in Dubai, Dubai Holding Group's first store 2001 : Zara opens in Abu Dhabi Stradivarius opens in Abu Dhabi women’secret opens in Abu Dhabi Promod opens in Qatar Promod opens in Abu Dhabi women’secret opens in Dubai 2007 : women’secret opens in Sharjah Gerard Darel opens in Abu Dhabi 2008 : Zara Home opens in Abu Dhabi Promod opens in Oman women’secret opens in Bahrain [4] (#cite_note-4) 2009 : Gerard Darel opens in Dubai 2010 : Stradivarius opens in Qatar 2012 : Promod opens in Fujairah [5] (#cite_note-5) Harry’s of London opens in Dubai [6] (#cite_note-6) 2014 : Flamant opens in Dubai Sfera opens in Abu Dhabi [7] (#cite_note-7) 2015 : Delvaux opens in Kuwait [8] (#cite_note-8) 2020: Jhelica (https://jhelica.com/) in UAE See also [ edit ] Multiply Group PJSC (/wiki/Multiply_Group_PJSC) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "S.B.K HOLDING" (http://www.sbkholding.com/DubaiHoldingGroup.html) . sbkholding.com . ^ Jump up to: a b "Luxury brand Delvaux opens at 360 MALL - AMEInfo" (http://ameinfo.com/luxury-lifestyle/lifestyle/fashion/luxury-brand-delvaux-opens-at-360-mall/) . AMEInfo . 26 August 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Company" (http://www.stradivarius.com/ae/en/company.html) . stradivarius.com . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Dubai Holding Group considers the shopper in Abu Dhabi" (http://www.albawaba.com/news/dubai-holding-group-considers-shopper-abu-dhabi) . Al Bawaba . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Rory Jones. "Celebration in Fujairah as modern mall opens" (http://www.thenational.ae/business/industry-insights/retail/celebration-in-fujairah-as-modern-mall-opens) . thenational.ae . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Rory Jones. "Harrys of London steps into Abu Dhabi" (http://www.thenational.ae/business/industry-insights/the-life/harrys-of-london-steps-into-abu-dhabi) . thenational.ae . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Rory Jones. "Retailer Dubai Holding targets Abu Dhabi" (http://www.thenational.ae/business/retail/retailer-dubai-holding-targets-abu-dhabi) . thenational.ae . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Error" (http://www.zawya.com/story/EU_luxury_brand_Delvaux_opens_at_360_MALL-ZAWYA20150825082327/) . External links [ edit ] Dubai Holding Group (http://www.dubaiholdinggroup.com/) Zara (http://www.zara.com/ae/) Zara Home (http://www.zarahome.com/inditex-sel/?redirect=true) Stradivarius (http://www.stradivarius.com/) women'secret (http://womensecret.com/) Gerard Darel (http://www.gerarddarel.com/en_fr/) Flamant (http://www.flamant.com/flamant/) Promod (http://www.promod.eu/) Harrys of London (http://www.harrysoflondon.com/) Sfera (http://www.sfera.eu/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150906052428/http://www.sfera.eu/) 2015-09-06 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) Delvaux (https://www.delvaux.com/en/) Jhelica (https://jhelica.com/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5cff68b999‐7jgrw Cached time: 20240708221736 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.263 seconds Real time usage: 0.403 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1576/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 60304/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 11085/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 36183/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.173/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5402432/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 372.697 1 -total 36.17% 134.789 1 Template:Infobox_company 34.64% 129.099 3 Template:Ambox 33.71% 125.629 1 Template:Infobox 28.51% 106.271 1 Template:Reflist 24.84% 92.596 8 Template:Cite_web 23.34% 86.975 1 Template:Multiple_issues 13.35% 49.742 1 Template:Primary_sources 8.64% 32.200 1 Template:Distinguish 3.47% 12.924 2 Template:Find_sources_mainspace Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:47745683-0!canonical and timestamp 20240708221736 and revision id 1214357629. 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Australian model with Down syndrome (born 1996) For the interior and furniture designer, see Madeline Stuart (designer) (/wiki/Madeline_Stuart_(designer)) . Madeline Stuart Stuart in 2018 Born ( 1996-11-13 ) 13 November 1996 (age 27) Brisbane (/wiki/Brisbane,_Queensland) , Queensland (/wiki/Queensland) , Australia Occupation Model (/wiki/Model_(person)) Years active 2015-present Parent Rosanne Stuart Modeling information Hair color Strawberry blonde Eye color Blue Agency Madeline Stuart Management Website www (http://www.madelinestuartmodel.com/) .madelinestuartmodel (http://www.madelinestuartmodel.com/) .com (http://www.madelinestuartmodel.com/) Madeline Stuart (born 13 November 1996) is an Australian model with Down syndrome (/wiki/Down_syndrome) . She has appeared on the New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) catwalk (/wiki/Catwalk) , and has also walked Paris fashion week, London fashion week, Runway Dubai, Russian fashion week, Mercedes Benz fashion week China and many more. [1] (#cite_note-Sharkey-1) [2] (#cite_note-Saul-2) She has been described as the world's first professional model with Down syndrome. [3] (#cite_note-Telegraph-3) Stuart decided that she wanted to be a model upon visiting a fashion show in Brisbane with her mother in 2014. She lost 44 pounds (20 kg) and then attended a photoshoot. [3] (#cite_note-Telegraph-3) Stuart's career began in 2015, when her mother started an online campaign in order to secure her a modelling contract. This led to Stuart gaining a large online following and signing two modelling contracts: one with the fitness-wear brand Manifesta and one with the handbag brand everMaya . [2] (#cite_note-Saul-2) [4] (#cite_note-4) She subsequently took part in a bridal (/wiki/Bridal) photoshoot for Rixey Manor in Virginia (/wiki/Virginia) , [1] (#cite_note-Sharkey-1) and appeared in Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) . [5] (#cite_note-BBC-5) Early life [ edit ] Madeline was born in Brisbane, Australia. [6] (#cite_note-6) When she was born, doctors informed Rosanne Stuart, Madeline's mother, that Madeline had Down Syndrome (/wiki/Down_syndrome) (Trisomy 21). After going into heart failure at 10 days old, Madeline had heart surgery weeks later. After she was born, doctors told Rosanne that her daughter would have a difficult lifestyle. Despite receiving negative feedback from the medical community, Rosanne was committed to helping Madeline live life to the fullest. [7] (#cite_note-7) Her modelling career began when she was 18 years old. Her love of modelling began in 2014, after attending a fashion parade with her mother Rosanne and said to her “mum me model”. [8] (#cite_note-:0-8) Rosanne knew it would take a lot of work and dedication, and told Madeline if she wanted to commit to the journey, she would fully support her, which lead to Madeline dedicating herself to becoming a model and making her dreams come true. She struggled with her weight for a long time, and in early 2015 she decided to get healthy and chase after her dreams which included dance and lost over 20 kg. [9] (#cite_note-:1-9) After posting a transformation photo on Facebook, she went viral and gained over 100,000 followers overnight. [9] (#cite_note-:1-9) For the six consecutive seasons since, she has walked on some of the world's most famous runways in New York (/wiki/New_York_City) , Paris (/wiki/Paris) , London (/wiki/London) , Dubai (/wiki/Dubai) and more. [8] (#cite_note-:0-8) And in 2017, Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) named Madeline number one for Diversity in the Fashion Industry. (/wiki/Fashion) [10] (#cite_note-:2-10) Career [ edit ] Madeline walking down the runway Stuart's career began in 2015 when Madeline Stuart first walked a catwalk show at the New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) , she made international news becoming the first ever professional adult model with Down's Syndrome (/wiki/Down_syndrome) . [11] (#cite_note-11) She launched her own fashion label, 21 Reasons Why by Madeline Stuart at New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) . [10] (#cite_note-:2-10) She is also a high-profile advocate of the disability community in Australia and overseas and was nominated for the Pride of Australia and Young Australian of the Year Award in 2015, 2016 and 2017. In 2016 she opened Birmingham Fashion Week (/wiki/Birmingham_Fashion_Week) . [12] (#cite_note-12) Internationally Madeline was awarded the Advocacy Award for her work in Uganda from Kulture City in 2017, and received the Quincy Jones Exceptional Advocacy Award from Global Down Syndrome in 2018. Madeline continually supports countless charity organisations from Veteran Affairs (/wiki/Veterans_Affairs_Medical_Center_(Oregon)) , Special Olympics (/wiki/Special_Olympics) , Melange, and Step Up for Downs in America. She works tirelessly with the charities to further spread her message of diversity and inclusion. [13] (#cite_note-13) She is also the founder and ambassador for Inside Outside Dance in Brisbane, which supports young people with disabilities who want to join the dance industry. [14] (#cite_note-14) Awards and recognition [ edit ] Madeline is the brand ambassador for Australian Foundation for Disability (/wiki/Australian_Foundation_for_Disability) , Art Hearts Fashion, Wouldn't Change a thing and the Brisbane Disability Expo (/w/index.php?title=Brisbane_Disability_Expo&action=edit&redlink=1) . She was Invited by Down Syndrome association (/w/index.php?title=Down_Syndrome_association&action=edit&redlink=1) , Albania (/wiki/Albania) and by Cairns Businesswomen's Club as a guest speaker. She was nominated for the Pride of Australia and Young Australian of the Year Award in 2015, 2016 and 2017. Internationally Madeline was awarded the Advocacy Award for her work in Uganda (/wiki/Uganda) from Kulture City in 2017, and received the Quincy Jones Exceptional Advocacy Award from Global Down Syndrome in 2018. [15] (#cite_note-15) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Sharkey, Linda (10 March 2016). "Madeline Stuart: Down Syndrome model stars in a romantic wedding shoot" (https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/news/madeline-stuart-down-syndrome-model-stars-in-a-romantic-wedding-shoot-a6923376.html) . The Independent (/wiki/The_Independent) . Retrieved 14 August 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b Saul, Heather (16 August 2015). "Madeline Stuart: Model with Down's Syndrome will walk at New York Fashion Week" (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/madeline-stuart-model-with-downs-syndrome-will-walk-at-new-york-fashion-week-10457950.html) . The Independent (/wiki/The_Independent) . Retrieved 14 August 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Down's Syndrome model Madeline Stuart sparks an emotional reaction with a new bridal shoot" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/people/madeline-stuart-downs-syndrome-model-bridal-shoot/) . Daily Telegraph (/wiki/Daily_Telegraph) . 10 March 2016 . Retrieved 14 August 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Johnson, Jasmine; Sharkey, Linda (8 July 2015). "Madeline Stuart: Down Syndrome model lands two modelling jobs in a week" (https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/features/madeline-stuart-the-downs-syndrome-model-lands-two-modelling-jobs-in-a-week-10375794.html) . The Independent (/wiki/The_Independent) . Retrieved 14 August 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-BBC_5-0) "Q&A: Madeline Stuart and Down's Syndrome" (https://www.bbc.com/sport/bodypositive/36304120) . BBC. 20 May 2016 . Retrieved 19 February 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Madeline Stuart, the teenage model with Down's Syndrome model, will walk at New York Fashion Week" (http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/madeline-stuart-model-with-downs-syndrome-will-walk-at-new-york-fashion-week-10457950.html) . The Independent . 16 August 2015 . Retrieved 30 January 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Stuart, Rosanne and Madeline (18 April 2018), My daughter: Not your average supermodel , retrieved 28 April 2020 ^ Jump up to: a b Hartley, Anna (25 July 2019). "Australia's first model with Down syndrome returns to catwalk after life-saving surgery" (https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-07-25/brisbane-model-madeline-stuart-returns-home/11340100) . ABC News . Retrieved 30 January 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b Free, Cathy (11 February 2019). "This Australian fashion model is in high demand. She also has Down syndrome" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/2019/02/11/this-australian-fashion-model-is-high-demand-she-also-has-down-syndrome/) . The Washington Post . ^ Jump up to: a b Boyd, Sarah. "Diversity In The Fashion Industry: 5 Progressive Milestones" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/sboyd/2017/02/25/diversity-in-the-fashion-industry-5-progressive-milestones/) . Forbes . Retrieved 5 February 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Model with Down's Syndrome launches her own fashion label at NYFW" (http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/nyfw-2017-model-downs-syndrome-madeline-stuart-launch-own-fashion-label-new-york-week-a7578326.html) . The Independent . 13 February 2017 . Retrieved 30 January 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Tomberlin, Michael (25 August 2016). "Special international model to kick off Birmingham Fashion Week" (https://alabamanewscenter.com/2016/08/25/special-international-model-kick-off-birmingham-fashion-week/) . Alabama News Center . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230626195844/https://www.alabamanewscenter.com/2016/08/25/special-international-model-kick-off-birmingham-fashion-week/) from the original on 26 June 2023 . Retrieved 26 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Supermodel Madeline Stuart is back!" (https://f-magazine.online/madeline-stuart/) . F Magazine . 29 July 2019 . Retrieved 5 February 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Love, Vivien (5 September 2015). "Young model with Down syndrome becomes ambassador for social inclusion" (https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-09-05/madeline-stuart-model-with-down-syndrome-social-inclusion/6747570) . ABC News . Retrieved 18 February 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Supermodel Madeline Stuart is back!" (https://f-magazine.online/madeline-stuart/) . F Magazine . 29 July 2019 . Retrieved 18 March 2020 . External links [ edit ] Official site (http://www.madelinestuartmodel.com/) Madeline Stuart (https://www.facebook.com/madelinesmodelling/) on Facebook (/wiki/Facebook) Madeline Stuart (https://www.instagram.com/madelinesmodelling_/) on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐84bf8d7d78‐nmnms Cached time: 20240701151351 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.345 seconds Real time usage: 0.474 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2601/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 37521/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2621/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 60720/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.238/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 9666802/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 439.438 1 -total 36.38% 159.869 1 Template:Infobox_model 33.25% 146.103 1 Template:Reflist 22.34% 98.159 8 Template:Cite_news 12.73% 55.958 1 Template:Short_description 12.56% 55.187 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age 7.84% 34.469 2 Template:Pagetype 7.50% 32.970 1 Template:Infobox 5.49% 24.145 6 Template:Cite_web 5.26% 23.100 1 Template:Convert Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:50796142-0!canonical and timestamp 20240701151351 and revision id 1162067885. 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Red Kap is an American company headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee (/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee) that manufactures and distributes work-related clothing and outerwear. In 1923, Claude H. Williams, J.G. Hayes, William Wirt Harlin, Sr. and Alexander F. Harlin founded Central Overall Manufacturing, specializing in bib overalls (/wiki/Bib_overall) for men and boys. In 1939, the name was changed to Red Kap, after Red Cap Smoking Tobacco. In 1947, Red Kap shifted focus from retail and mail order markets to development of clothing that could withstand industrial washing. Red Kap teamed up with a network of laundries to pick up, deliver, and supply fresh business uniforms. In the 1960s, Red Kap opened the industry's first apparel research and development laboratory, went public, and became a part of Blue Bell, Inc. In 1986, Red Kap was acquired by North Carolina-based VF Corporation (/wiki/VF_Corporation) (NYSE: VFC), making it the world's largest publicly held apparel company. In the 1990s and 2000s, the brand provided apparel programs for major car companies like Ford, Honda and GM. In 2021, Red Kap was sold to Redwood Capital Investments, LLC, and later became part of the standalone company Workwear Outfitters . [1] (#cite_note-1) See also [ edit ] Dickies (/wiki/Dickies) Carhartt (/wiki/Carhartt) Cabela's (/wiki/Cabela%27s) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "VF Corporation Completes the Sale of the Occupational Portion of Its Work Segment" (https://www.vfc.com/news/press-release/1768/vf-corporation-completes-the-sale-of-the-occupational) (Press release). VF Corporation. June 28, 2021 . Retrieved June 28, 2021 . Rodengen, Jeffrey L., The Legend of VF Corporation, Write Stuff Enterprises, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, 1998 2009 Red Kap catalog 2003 80th Anniversary Red Kap calendar VF Corp: Our brands [1] (http://www.vfc.com/brands) 2008 VF Corporation Annual Report NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐b7d4d997‐4gbdf Cached time: 20240629003135 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.109 seconds Real time usage: 0.133 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 115/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1985/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 71/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 4615/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.067/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2493059/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 122.549 1 Template:Reflist 100.00% 122.549 1 -total 81.91% 100.380 1 Template:Cite_press_release 1.37% 1.674 1 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:23628958-0!canonical and timestamp 20240629003135 and revision id 1231564931. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red_Kap&oldid=1231564931 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Red_Kap&oldid=1231564931) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : VF Corporation (/wiki/Category:VF_Corporation) Manufacturing companies based in Nashville, Tennessee (/wiki/Category:Manufacturing_companies_based_in_Nashville,_Tennessee) |
Albanian-born fashion designer in the U.K. (born 1993) Nensi Dojaka (born July 1993) is an Albanian fashion designer based in the United Kingdom. In 2021, Dojaka won the LVMH (/wiki/LVMH) Prize, awarded by the world's largest luxury goods conglomerate, [1] (#cite_note-1) as well the British Fashion Council award. [2] (#cite_note-ft-2) Early life and education [ edit ] Dojaka was born in Tirana (/wiki/Tirana) , Albania in the summer of 1993. As a young child, she had taken drawing lessons. At 16, she began attending Concord College (/wiki/Concord_College,_Acton_Burnell) , a boarding school in Shropshire (/wiki/Shropshire) , England, near Shrewsbury (/wiki/Shrewsbury) . [3] (#cite_note-3) [2] (#cite_note-ft-2) Having learnt an art foundation during a schoolyear at Central Saint Martins (/wiki/Central_Saint_Martins) , a tutor suggested that she study the making of lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) . [2] (#cite_note-ft-2) Career [ edit ] In order to earn a work visa in the United Kingdom, Dojaka started her own fashion label in July 2019. [2] (#cite_note-ft-2) [4] (#cite_note-4) In 2020, American supermodel Bella Hadid (/wiki/Bella_Hadid) wore her designs to the 2020 MTV Video Music Awards (/wiki/MTV_Video_Music_Awards) , through Hadid's stylist Carlos Nazario, making her the first celebrity to wear Dojaka's designs on a red carpet. [5] (#cite_note-5) In 2023, Dojaka released her first bridal collection. [6] (#cite_note-6) A custom version of the bridal dresses was worn by South Sudanese-Australian supermodel Adut Akech (/wiki/Adut_Akech) for the British Fashion Awards (/wiki/The_Fashion_Awards) . [7] (#cite_note-7) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Mower, Sarah (7 September 2021). "Nensi Dojaka Wins the LVMH Prize" (https://www.vogue.com/article/lvmh-prize-2021-winner-nensi-dojaka) . Vogue . Condé Nast. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Semic, Sara (7 February 2023). "Star gauze - Nensi Dojaka is redefining sexy dressing for the female gaze" (https://www.ft.com/content/e1f76161-a6fa-4ed9-a1ad-491e08901286) . Financial Times (/wiki/Financial_Times) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Impact of air crisis continues" (https://www.shropshirestar.com/news/2010/04/22/impact-of-airl/) . Shropshire Star . 22 April 2010. ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Nensi DOJAKA" (https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/officers/J7uYsGgSwNCNFZHWCV16cLDX-90/appointments) . Companies House (/wiki/Companies_House) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Satenstein, Liana (31 August 2020). "The Albanian Designer Behind Bella Hadid's Provocative '90s-Inspired VMAs Look" (https://www.vogue.com/article/bella-hadid-vma-look-albanian-designer-nensi-dojak-london) . Vogue . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Périer, Marie (23 February 2023). "Nensi Dojaka's New Collection Is Made For Daring Brides" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/fashion/gallery/nensi-dojaka-wedding-collection-mytheresa) . British Vogue . Condé Nast. ^ (#cite_ref-7) Cary, Alice (6 December 2022). "The Story Behind Adut Akech's Showstopper Fashion Awards Look" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/fashion/gallery/adut-akech-fashion-awards-2022) . British Vogue . 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(Redirected from Simply Christina Aguilera (/w/index.php?title=Simply_Christina_Aguilera&redirect=no) ) Perfume brand by Christina Aguilera Christina Aguilera Fragrances Product type Perfumes Cosmetics ( body lotion (/wiki/Body_lotion) , body spray (/wiki/Body_spray) , bath gels and deodorants (/wiki/Deodorants) ) Produced by Procter & Gamble (/wiki/Procter_%26_Gamble) (2007–2016) Elizabeth Arden, Inc. (/wiki/Elizabeth_Arden,_Inc.) (2016–present) Country United States Introduced 2007 ; 17 years ago ( 2007 ) Markets North America Latin America Asia Europe Ambassador(s) Christina Aguilera (/wiki/Christina_Aguilera) Website parfum (http://parfum.christinaaguilera.com) .christinaaguilera (http://parfum.christinaaguilera.com) .com (http://parfum.christinaaguilera.com) Christina Aguilera Fragrances is a perfume brand (/wiki/Cosmetic_industry) by American singer-songwriter Christina Aguilera (/wiki/Christina_Aguilera) . It was founded in 2007 in a deal with Procter & Gamble (/wiki/Procter_%26_Gamble) (P&G), who manufactured the products until 2016, after its production and distribution rights were bought out by Elizabeth Arden, Inc. (/wiki/Elizabeth_Arden,_Inc.) In addition to fragrances, the brand has also worked with the production and sale of other cosmetics, including body lotions (/wiki/Body_lotion) , body sprays (/wiki/Body_spray) , bath gels, and deodorants (/wiki/Deodorant) . The line was influenced by a wide variety of flowers, exotic fruits and Aguilera's childhood in Japan. In addition to being met with positive reviews by perfume critics, the scents received numerous awards and accolades, including at the Duftstars Awards (/wiki/The_Fragrance_Foundation) and FiFi Awards (/wiki/FiFi_Awards) . The brand's products became successful after its launch, especially in Europe, where it is referred to as the "number-one celebrity perfume line". In January 2016, its monthly gross income was $ (/wiki/American_dollar) 80 million, according Stifel (/wiki/Stifel) analysts. The fragrances also achieved popularity among celebrities and was worn by stars such as Perrie Edwards (/wiki/Perrie_Edwards) , Steve Antin (/wiki/Steve_Antin) and Aguilera herself. Background and creation [ edit ] In 2000 Aguilera signed a deal with New Dana Perfumes Corporation (NDPC) to promote, choose colors, products and packaging for Fetish cosmetics line. [1] (#cite_note-1) The brand consisted of a wide variety of makeup, nail arts (/wiki/Nail_art) , shower gels (/wiki/Shower_gel) , bath oils (/wiki/Bath_oil) , body lotions (/wiki/Body_lotion) , [2] (#cite_note-2) as well three fragrances—manufactured in partnership with International Flavors & Fragrances (/wiki/International_Flavors_%26_Fragrances) (IFF). [3] (#cite_note-FetishLine-3) Commercialized at Sears (/wiki/Sears) and Walgreens (/wiki/Walgreens) stores, [4] (#cite_note-FetishQuits-4) the brand's slogan referenced the title of her Billboard Hot 100 (/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100) number-one single " What a Girl Wants (/wiki/What_a_Girl_Wants_(Christina_Aguilera_song)) ". [3] (#cite_note-FetishLine-3) NDPC's executives expected to increase the company's wholesales in $ (/wiki/American_dollar) 50 million with the release of Fetish line in 2001, [3] (#cite_note-FetishLine-3) and it was promoted with a strong advertising in the leading teen magazines, including Seventeen (/wiki/Seventeen_(American_magazine)) , Allure (/wiki/Allure_(magazine)) and YM (/wiki/YM_(magazine)) . [5] (#cite_note-5) Aguilera discussed about endorsing the products, stating "I am a lover of fashion and playing with makeup, and I want to have a big say in this [...] I am always checking out products. I can bring these amazing trends around the world to teens. I get to give back in my own way". [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDominguez2003152-6) However, in 2002, she did not renewed her contract with the corporation, aiming "new directions" in beauty business, and the brand was discontinued. [4] (#cite_note-FetishQuits-4) Aguilera returned to the fragrance industry in 2004; she signed a contract with the Greek manufacturer Sarantis, releasing three distinctive scents as part of the Xpose line. [7] (#cite_note-7) The brand was sold in selected European countries only and was promoted with television advertisements. [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWorth201598-8) Irish Examiner (/wiki/Irish_Examiner) reported that the perfumes line "garnered international success" in terms of sales. [9] (#cite_note-9) In 2007, Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) announced a long-term licensing deal from Procter & Gamble (/wiki/Procter_%26_Gamble) (P&G) to create the Christina Aguilera Fragrances. [10] (#cite_note-10) Heike Hindenlang, company's global marketing director, commented about the partnership with Aguilera, adding "She sends out a clear message and clear connection with fans. She tries to empower her fans, particularly women, to get out of difficult situations. Christina is also omnipresent in the media". [11] (#cite_note-11) Aguilera revealed that her debut scent under the line would be released in the same year, and explained her team up with the corporation: "I love trying new things in my music and in fashion. To have a perfume of my own is the beginning of an exciting adventure. P&G is the ideal partner for this new experience". [12] (#cite_note-12) Products [ edit ] Conception [ edit ] In addition to fragrances, the line manufactures body lotions (/wiki/Body_lotion) , body sprays (/wiki/Body_spray) , bath gels, and deodorants (/wiki/Deodorant) , [13] (#cite_note-Touch-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) and the smell of the products has been influenced by Aguilera's mother and son, her childhood in Japan and a wide variety of flowers and exotic fruits. [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) During an interview with Marie Claire (/wiki/Marie_Claire) , she recalled that her mother used to wear the Poison (/wiki/Poison_(perfume)) perfume by Christian Dior (/wiki/Parfums_Christian_Dior) , which she credits to be where got her "taste for musky [and] sensual scents", [17] (#cite_note-BeautySecrets-17) adding: "One of the strongest memories I have as a child is my mom doing her makeup at her vanity. I would always want to spray her fragrance on me — I can still remember the smell. I love the idea of sharing something so personal with my fans". [18] (#cite_note-EachFragrance-18) While developing the brands's debut fragrance, Aguilera declared that it embodied "everything that makes [her] smile and relax, like tuberose candles", mixing it with "musky tones" as additional inspiration from male colognes. [19] (#cite_note-BodyImage-19) Her son, Max, also served as a "big inspiration", as she describes his energy as "contagious and positive", which inspired a "more colourful direction" at her work both in music and in the cosmetic industry (/wiki/Cosmetic_industry) . [20] (#cite_note-FlareInterview-20) Aguilera also worked with a range of flowers to produce the smell of her perfume line. Due to its "eternal and unmistakable symbol of womanhood", she choose magnolia (/wiki/Magnolia) to develop her fragrances, stating: "[It] is one of the oldest flowers in existence. The fresh, lush scent empowers inner femininity while soft, velvety petals feel like a caressing touch on the skin". [18] (#cite_note-EachFragrance-18) Jasmine (/wiki/Jasmine) was also chosen for the creation process, which she described as "synonymous [with] Old Hollywood glamour". [21] (#cite_note-Informations-21) Other of her favorite petals to create new scents includes tuberose (/wiki/Tuberose) , gardenia (/wiki/Gardenia) , freesia (/wiki/Freesia) , rose (/wiki/Rose) and Valencia orange (/wiki/Valencia_orange) flower. [22] (#cite_note-Inspire-22) Royal Desire was primarily inspired by Aguilera's childhood in Japan and contains traditional ingredients, as well as the country's exotic fruits such as yuzu (/wiki/Yuzu) , mandarin (/wiki/Mandarin_orange) and honeysuckle (/wiki/Honeysuckle) . [23] (#cite_note-GlamourBest-23) Other of her portfolio's fragrances, Red Sin , references her signature color and to its composition was included some of her favorite scents like red apple (/wiki/Apple) and cinnamon (/wiki/Cinnamon) . [19] (#cite_note-BodyImage-19) Packing and scents [ edit ] Mae West (/wiki/Mae_West) wearing the black lace dress in Go West, Young Man (/wiki/Go_West,_Young_Man_(1936_film)) (1936). The design inspired the bottle of the line's debut fragrance. The scents have been known for their curvy bottle design, which emphasize Aguilera's hourglass figure, as well the covered lace on top inspired by her "love of vintage glamour". [24] (#cite_note-Sinful-24) [21] (#cite_note-Informations-21) For the bottle of the line's debut fragrance, a black lace was designed to provide a "distinctly feminine feel", [21] (#cite_note-Informations-21) developed as a reference to the "legendary dress" created to Mae West (/wiki/Mae_West) by French designer Marcel Rochas (/wiki/Marcel_Rochas) . [25] (#cite_note-25) In other one-off releases, the covered lace has been replaced by a coat of arms (/wiki/Coat_of_arms) featuring a small mirror filled with flowers. [26] (#cite_note-26) However, the Inspire perfume was projected in a different aesthetic from other products; created on a "classic teardrop shape", it features a "silver disk-like top detailed with red crystals". [20] (#cite_note-FlareInterview-20) Hilary Howard, columnist for The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) , analyzed the brand's bottles and called it "charmed", in addition to noting that each flask of the Royal Desire scent "comes with a silver charm that can be worn on as necklace or bracelet". [27] (#cite_note-27) Aguilera's fragrances generally contain base notes (/wiki/Note_(perfumery)) of sandalwood (/wiki/Sandalwood) , musk (/wiki/Musk) and vanilla (/wiki/Vanilla) in their composition, in addition to being combined with a wide range of flowers and exotic fruits. [28] (#cite_note-28) [29] (#cite_note-29) Inspire was developed as a "mix of fruity mango and citrus top notes with a hint of freesia", [30] (#cite_note-30) while By Night combines tangerine (/wiki/Tangerine) , red apple, peach (/wiki/Peach) and May blossom (/wiki/May_blossom) . Royal Desire , called an "oriental scent with notes like yuzu and lily", [31] (#cite_note-SweetScent-31) also mixes marshmallow (/wiki/Marshmallow) , mandarin and blackberry (/wiki/Blackberry) . [32] (#cite_note-32) Embodying "sensuality and true confidence", Secret Potion has top notes (/wiki/Note_(perfumery)) of passion fruit (/wiki/Passion_fruit) , lemon and mandarin, merged with lotus (/wiki/Lotus_flower) , jasmine and tonka bean (/wiki/Tonka_bean) . [33] (#cite_note-33) Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) magazine described Red Sin as a "glorification of womanhood with the provocative symbolism of red", and emphasized the use of red ginger (/wiki/Red_ginger) , cinnamon and cyclamen (/wiki/Cyclamen) flowers in its creation process. [24] (#cite_note-Sinful-24) Called "irresistible [and] glamorous", the Unforgettable fragrance "starts with smells of cashmere, vanilla and tonka at its base, adds night-blooming jasmine and Turkish rose", and is "finished with the scents of plum and pomegranate". [34] (#cite_note-34) Touch of Seduction combines lychee (/wiki/Lychee) , raspberry (/wiki/Raspberry) , orris honeysuckle and sugared rose, [13] (#cite_note-Touch-13) while Glam X was created as "one exotic blend of delicate florals, spicy star anise (/wiki/Star_anise) and warm musks", including caramelized peach (/wiki/Peach) , jasmine and lily of the valley (/wiki/Lily_of_the_valley) . [35] (#cite_note-35) The smell of the Definition fragrance features bergamot orange (/wiki/Bergamot_orange) , mandarin diamond orchid (/wiki/Chiloglottis_trapeziformis) and has as base notes heliotrope (/wiki/Heliotrope_(mineral)) and amber (/wiki/Amber) . [36] (#cite_note-36) The Moonlight Bloom scent is the result of a mix of blackcurrant (/wiki/Blackcurrant) , dahlia (/wiki/Dahlia) , narcissus (/wiki/Narcissus_(plant)) and dark ambrette seed (/wiki/Ambrette_seed) . [37] (#cite_note-37) Discussing about her perfume brand, Aguilera described each of her scents, the message, and purpose of its products to femininity and self-confidence: Each fragrance evokes a different emotion and mindset, and they reflect scents I personally love. I hope the scents inspires women to become the best versions of themselves [...] My fragrances always have the message of taking pride in who you are as a woman, which to me represents inner femininity. A woman embodies pride and empowerment. The bright, fruity scent provides a powerful start to instill self-confidence. This is a unique attribute women have [and] fragrance is a one-size-fits-all type of product, and I love that it smells a little different on each person. It's also a fast and easy way to feel sexy. [18] (#cite_note-EachFragrance-18) Line [ edit ] Name Year Ref. Christina Aguilera 2007 [38] (#cite_note-38) Inspire 2008 [39] (#cite_note-39) By Night 2009 [40] (#cite_note-40) Royal Desire 2010 [41] (#cite_note-41) Secret Potion 2011 [42] (#cite_note-42) Red Sin 2012 [43] (#cite_note-43) Unforgettable 2013 [44] (#cite_note-44) Woman 2014 [45] (#cite_note-Woman-45) Touch of Seduction 2015 [13] (#cite_note-Touch-13) Glam X 2017 [46] (#cite_note-46) Definition 2017 [47] (#cite_note-DefinitionAd-47) Violet Noir 2018 [48] (#cite_note-48) Xperience 2019 [49] (#cite_note-49) Eau So Beautiful 2020 [50] (#cite_note-EauSoBeautiful-50) Moonlight Bloom 2021 [51] (#cite_note-Bodysuit-51) Cherry Noir 2022 [52] (#cite_note-52) Xtina 2023 [53] (#cite_note-53) Promotion [ edit ] Scene from the television advertising for brand's debut fragrance. A black lace covers Aguilera's skin as she applies the perfume, referencing the product's bottle. Aguilera has worked with many promotional strategies linked to her scent's line, in addition to wear the perfumes herself, especially when making public appearances. [18] (#cite_note-EachFragrance-18) [17] (#cite_note-BeautySecrets-17) In 2007, Aguilera starred in a television advertising for the brand's debut fragrance in which she strips down while choose a new outfit in the closet; [54] (#cite_note-54) posteriorly, a black lace covers her skin as she apply the scent. [55] (#cite_note-55) Launched in 2009, By Night product's exclusive commercial shows "Christina working it for the cameras in a seriously sexy lace dress and vampish make-up, as she gets ready for a night out in her boudoir". [56] (#cite_note-56) Both fragrances were also featured in a scene from " Not Myself Tonight (/wiki/Not_Myself_Tonight) " music video, directed by Hype Williams (/wiki/Hype_Williams) , released as lead single (/wiki/Lead_single) for Aguilera's sixth studio album, Bionic (/wiki/Bionic_(Christina_Aguilera_album)) (2010). [57] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTECommane202022-57) [58] (#cite_note-58) In 2008, Aguilera chose David LaChapelle (/wiki/David_LaChapelle) as director for the Inspire scent's advertising campaign, due to its photography "full of life, colour, provocative imagery, and excitement". During an interview with Flare (/wiki/Flare_(magazine)) magazine, she revealed the idea behind the shoot which concept was "inspired by a lot of 1960s pop art", and artists such as Andy Warhol (/wiki/Andy_Warhol) and Roy Lichtenstein (/wiki/Roy_Lichtenstein) . [20] (#cite_note-FlareInterview-20) To promote Royal Desire fragrance, its television commercial features Aguilera "standing in a royal chamber, when she notices a gift sitting on her throne [and] bends down to pick the perfume's package". [59] (#cite_note-59) However, the advertising was criticized in the media and dubbed as a "low-budget soft porn", as she "[displayed] her cleavage to the camera" to sprays the perfume on her decolletage. [60] (#cite_note-60) Directed by Matthew Rolston (/wiki/Matthew_Rolston) in 2011, [61] (#cite_note-61) Secret Potion scent's television advertising shows Aguilera riding a "elevator to a penthouse party", while her "stunning grey frock is just too drab for such a well-attended bash", she decides to spray the perfume to create a "form-fitting dress covered in sparkles". [62] (#cite_note-62) In the following year, Red Sin fragrance's advertising campaign was launched and features "Aguilera rolling around in her bedsheets [and] then naked in a bath tub". [63] (#cite_note-63) Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) columnist Gregory DelliCarpini, Jr. compared her image in the television commercial with that of Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe) . [24] (#cite_note-Sinful-24) Definition perfume's promotional video follows a "Trump-esque gilded hall, as Aguilera struts into the lavishly decorated room in a pastel pink silky hip-length coat [while] the wind blowing her platinum locks". [47] (#cite_note-DefinitionAd-47) During Moonlight Bloom scent's exclusive commercial, she was presented on a "lace-up dark blue vest with a par of figure-hugging leather pants" while "pulled of a variety of poses under some sheer fabric". [51] (#cite_note-Bodysuit-51) In 2022, the promotional video received a nomination in the "Public's Choice: Commercial Advertisement" category at the Duftstars Awards (/wiki/The_Fragrance_Foundation) . [64] (#cite_note-Duftstars22-64) Aguilera's fragrances were also supported by presential events. In addition to promoted autograph sessions during its scents launch ceremonies in Germany and in the United States, [65] (#cite_note-HeraldSquare-65) [66] (#cite_note-66) thousands of hangers featuring the brand's logo was scattered across Israel's main streets as part of a guerrilla marketing (/wiki/Guerrilla_marketing) . [67] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaucet201553-67) Throughout the years, the perfumes portfolio have appeared as indications in Allure (/wiki/Allure_(magazine)) , [68] (#cite_note-68) Cosmopolitan (/wiki/Cosmopolitan_(magazine)) , [69] (#cite_note-69) Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) , [70] (#cite_note-70) Glamour (/wiki/Glamour_(magazine)) , [23] (#cite_note-GlamourBest-23) and Seventeen (/wiki/Seventeen_(American_magazine)) beauty magazine issues. [71] (#cite_note-71) The line also received media attention after its products were revealed as the favorite fragrances of celebrities such as Perrie Edwards (/wiki/Perrie_Edwards) and Steve Antin (/wiki/Steve_Antin) . [72] (#cite_note-72) [73] (#cite_note-73) Reception [ edit ] Critical response [ edit ] Aguilera's perfume brand was received with generally positive reviews by critics. In a review of its debut self-titled scent, Grazia (/wiki/Grazia) magazine editors opined that "while it's everything you'd expect from a typical celebrity fragrance [...], it's not overpowering or cloying and is, dare we say it, pretty damn sensual". [74] (#cite_note-74) Writing for Yahoo! Beauty (/wiki/Yahoo!_Beauty) , Lauren Carbran shared the same point of view, describing it as "sweet and a little saucy, [puts] you centre-stage wherever you are", in addition to recommending it to "lavish affairs to experience its magic in full force". [75] (#cite_note-YahooBeauty-75) In a review for Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) magazine, Emily Hebert named By Night among the best new scents of 2010 fall, highlighting its "heady vanilla, amber, peach, and May blossom". [76] (#cite_note-76) In the same year, Cosmopolitan (/wiki/Cosmopolitan_(magazine)) reviewers named Royal Desire as one of the best perfumes for winter due to its "oriental notes [...] making it warm and heady – perfect for winter nights". [77] (#cite_note-77) Melissa Magsaysay, author from Los Angeles Times (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times) , also praised Royal Desire fragrance, calling it an "oriental scent with notes like yuzu and lily". Magsaysay opined that the "standout element [of the perfume] is a top note of sugary sweet marshmallow that's very much heightened by honeysuckle and black currant". [31] (#cite_note-SweetScent-31) In December 2011, editors from Glamour (/wiki/Glamour_(magazine)) Russia ranked Secret Potin among the best perfumes of the month, writing that "Aguilera reveals old secrets with pleasure [...] the aroma of self-confidence, the smell of a woman who is aware of her strength". [78] (#cite_note-78) At Basenotes (/wiki/Basenotes) , which assigns a standard score (/wiki/Standard_score) rating out of five stars to reviews from users critics, Unforgettable fragrance received four stars, whose written avaliation called it "a luscious mix of woods, vanilla, light florals and fruity notes", in addition to recognize it as "sweet, but not sugary sweet [...] it's [not] cloying either". [79] (#cite_note-79) Irina Kuzmicheva, writer of Elle Russia, described Touch of Seduction as a scent "designed for seduction", highlighting in its composition three aphrodisiacs such as rose, vanilla and musk. Kuzmicheva also noted that it follows the same base from other Aguilera's fragrances, with notes of "sandalwood [...] that leaves a gentle velvety sensation". [80] (#cite_note-80) In a less optimistic review, Philadelphia (/wiki/Philadelphia_(magazine)) magazine columnist Liz Spikol commented about Woman scent, opining that it "radiates Central Pennsylvania holiday shopping excursions", although she recognized it was not "overwhelming". [45] (#cite_note-Woman-45) Accolades [ edit ] In addition to being met with positive reviews by perfume critics, the brand has received numerous awards and nominations. Presented by The Fragrance Foundation (/wiki/The_Fragrance_Foundation) , it was honoured throughout the years at the Duftstars Awards (/wiki/The_Fragrance_Foundation) [81] (#cite_note-Duftstars0818-81) and FiFi Awards (/wiki/FiFi_Awards) —whose ceremony has been dubbed in the media as "the Oscars of fragrances industry". [82] (#cite_note-82) [83] (#cite_note-83) In 2011, Glamour (/wiki/Glamour_(magazine)) magazine editors prized one of the brand's perfumes at their annual event gala, the Glammy Beauty Awards (/wiki/Glamour_Awards) . [84] (#cite_note-Glammy-84) Due to its popularity in Russia, some of portfolio's fragrances was awarded in 'Best of Beauty' ceremonies by Allure (/wiki/Allure_(magazine)) and Glamour periodical issues. [85] (#cite_note-RussianAllure-85) [86] (#cite_note-RussianGlamour-86) Furthermore, the line's debut scent was ranked among the best celebrity women's perfumes of all time by Evening Standard (/wiki/Evening_Standard) and Yahoo! (/wiki/Yahoo!) . [87] (#cite_note-87) [75] (#cite_note-YahooBeauty-75) In 2012, Stylist (/wiki/Stylist_(magazine)) magazine named Royal Desire as one of the eight credible celebrity fragrances. [88] (#cite_note-88) Complete list of awards and nominations received by Christina Aguilera Fragrances Year Ceremony Recipient Category Result Ref. 2013 Allure Best of Beauty Awards (/wiki/Allure_(magazine)) Red Sin Best Celebrity Fragrance Won [85] (#cite_note-RussianAllure-85) 2014 Unforgettable Won [89] (#cite_note-89) 2008 Basenotes Fragrance Awards (/wiki/Basenotes#The_Basenotes_Fragrance_Awards) Christina Aguilera Best Celebrity Fragrance for Women Nominated [90] (#cite_note-90) 2011 CEW Beauty Awards Christina Aguilera Women's Scent Mass Won [91] (#cite_note-91) 2012 Royal Desire Won [92] (#cite_note-92) 2009 CEW UK Beauty Awards Inspire Women's Celebrity Fragrance Nominated [93] (#cite_note-93) 2009 Cosmopolitan Beauty Awards (/wiki/Cosmopolitan_(magazine)#Awards_and_features) (Finland) Best Female Fragrance Won [94] (#cite_note-94) [95] (#cite_note-95) Cosmopolitan Beauty Awards (/wiki/Cosmopolitan_(magazine)#Awards_and_features) (Sweden) Won [96] (#cite_note-96) Cosmopolitan Fragrance Awards (/wiki/Cosmopolitan_(magazine)#Awards_and_features) Best Celebrity Fragrance for Women Won [97] (#cite_note-97) 2008 Duftstars Awards (/wiki/The_Fragrance_Foundation) [a] (#cite_note-100) Christina Aguilera Public's Choice: Lifestyle Fragrance – Women Won [100] (#cite_note-101) Lifestyle Fragrance – Women Won 2010 By Night Won [81] (#cite_note-Duftstars0818-81) 2011 Royal Desire Public's Choice: Lifestyle Fragrance – Women Won [101] (#cite_note-102) 2013 Red Sin Lifestyle Fragrance – Women Won [102] (#cite_note-103) Public's Choice: Lifestyle Fragrance – Women Won 2014 Unforgettable Won [103] (#cite_note-104) Lifestyle Fragrance – Women Won 2015 Woman Nominated [104] (#cite_note-105) 2016 Touch of Seduction Nominated [105] (#cite_note-106) 2017 Glam X Public's Choice: Lifestyle Fragrance – Women Nominated [106] (#cite_note-107) 2018 Definition Lifestyle Fragrance – Women Nominated [107] (#cite_note-108) 2020 Xperience Nominated [108] (#cite_note-109) 2021 Eau So Beautiful Nominated [50] (#cite_note-EauSoBeautiful-50) 2022 Moonlight Bloom Nominated [64] (#cite_note-Duftstars22-64) Public's Choice: Commercial Advertisement Nominated 2009 FiFi Awards (/wiki/FiFi_Awards) (Russia) By Night Lifestyle Fragrance – Women Won [109] (#cite_note-110) 2013 Unforgettable Lifestyle Fragrance – Celebrity Won [110] (#cite_note-111) 2008 FiFi Awards (/wiki/FiFi_Awards) (United Kingdom) Christina Aguilera Public's Choice: Favorite Celebrity Fragrance Won [111] (#cite_note-112) 2009 Inspire Favorite New Prestige Fragrance for Women Nominated [112] (#cite_note-113) 2011 FiFi Awards (/wiki/FiFi_Awards) (United States) Christina Aguilera Women's Broad Appeal Fragrance Nominated [113] (#cite_note-114) By Night Nominated 2012 Royal Desire Nominated [114] (#cite_note-115) Packaging of the Year – Women's Broad Appeal Nominated [115] (#cite_note-116) 2013 Red Sin Fragrance of the Year – Women's Popular Nominated [116] (#cite_note-117) 2011 GLAMMY Beauty Awards (/wiki/Glamour_(magazine)) Royal Desire Basic Perfume Won [84] (#cite_note-Glammy-84) 2013 Glamour Best of Beauty Awards (/wiki/Glamour_(magazine)) Red Sin Celebrity Perfume Won [117] (#cite_note-118) 2014 Unforgettable Won [86] (#cite_note-RussianGlamour-86) 2013 Joy Trend Awards (/wiki/Joy_(magazine)) Red Sin Best Lifestyle Perfume Won [118] (#cite_note-119) 2014 Unforgettable Won [119] (#cite_note-120) 2012 PopCrush Awards (/wiki/PopCrush) Red Sin Best Perfume Nominated [120] (#cite_note-121) Commercial performance [ edit ] The brand is sold in North America, Latin America, Asia and Europe—market of which it is commonly referred to as the "number-one celebrity fragrance brand". [22] (#cite_note-Inspire-22) [121] (#cite_note-122) [122] (#cite_note-123) From the start of scent's line distribution, its products proved to be a commercial success. In its debut year at stores, Procter & Gamble (/wiki/Procter_%26_Gamble) (P&G) executives estimated that the brand could do $ (/wiki/American_dollar) 50 million wholesale sales worldwide, with $20 million coming from the United States alone. [22] (#cite_note-Inspire-22) After its production and distribution rights been bought out by Elizabeth Arden, Inc. (/wiki/Elizabeth_Arden,_Inc.) , was reported that the fragrance line had $80 million in sales in January 2016 according to Stifel (/wiki/Stifel) analyst Mark Astrachan. [123] (#cite_note-124) In 2007, according to The Perfume Shop (/wiki/The_Perfume_Shop) managing director Jeremy Seigal, Aguilera's debut fragrance was among the top five best-selling scents in its stores in the United Kingdom and Ireland. [124] (#cite_note-125) In the same year, according to reports from Superdrug (/wiki/Superdrug) 's stores, it was the second and third celebrity fragrance most commercialized in the countries in 2007 and 2008, respectively. [125] (#cite_note-126) [126] (#cite_note-127) In general distributions, its perfumes were ranked among the United Kingdom best-sellers in 2007, 2009, and 2010. [127] (#cite_note-128) [128] (#cite_note-129) [129] (#cite_note-130) In 2008, Aguilera attended a promotional event for its scents line at the Macy's Herald Square (/wiki/Macy%27s_Herald_Square) , attracting over $50,000 in sales that weekend alone. [130] (#cite_note-131) The brand's parent company, Revlon (/wiki/Revlon) , filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy (/wiki/Chapter_11,_Title_11,_United_States_Code) in June 2022, and eventually emerged from it in early 2023. [131] (#cite_note-132) See also [ edit ] List of celebrity-branded perfumes (/wiki/List_of_celebrity-branded_perfumes) Truth or Dare by Madonna (/wiki/Truth_or_Dare_by_Madonna) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-100) Duftstars Awards are a German version of the FiFi Awards (/wiki/FiFi_Awards) , both presented by The Fragrance Foundation (/wiki/The_Fragrance_Foundation) . [98] (#cite_note-98) [99] (#cite_note-99) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Meghan DeMaria (January 6, 2017). "15 Celebrities You Never Knew Were In Beauty Ads" (https://web.archive.org/web/20220909115346/https://sg.style.yahoo.com/15-celebrities-never-knew-were-194500348.html) . Yahoo! Style (/wiki/Yahoo!_Style) . Archived from the original (https://sg.style.yahoo.com/15-celebrities-never-knew-were-194500348.html) on September 9, 2022 . Retrieved August 29, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Curtis Waller (July 14, 2000). "Christina Aguilera Shares Her Fetish" (https://web.archive.org/web/20220813092602/https://www.mtv.com/news/vsku9f/christina-aguilera-shares-her-fetish) . MTV News (/wiki/MTV_News) . Archived from the original (https://www.mtv.com/news/vsku9f/christina-aguilera-shares-her-fetish) on August 13, 2022 . Retrieved August 29, 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Laura Klepacki (June 30, 2000). "What Fetish Needs: Aguilera" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/article-1196369/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved August 29, 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b Laura Klepacki (January 11, 2002). "Aguilera, Fetish Call It Quits" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/beauty-features/aguilera-fetish-call-it-quits-1174367/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved August 29, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "New Dana Teams Up with Christina Aguilera" (https://www.thefreelibrary.com/New+Dana+teams+up+with+Christina+Aguilera-a076587005) . The Free Library (/wiki/The_Free_Library) . Retrieved August 29, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDominguez2003152_6-0) Dominguez 2003 (#CITEREFDominguez2003) , p. 152. ^ (#cite_ref-7) Grant Osborne (January 12, 2007). "Christina Aguilera Signs New Fragrance Deal with Procter & Gamble" (https://web.archive.org/web/20081204234222/http://www.basenotes.net/industry_news/20070112aguilera.html) . Basenotes (/wiki/Basenotes) . Archived from the original (http://www.basenotes.net/industry_news/20070112aguilera.html) on December 4, 2008 . Retrieved August 29, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWorth201598_8-0) Worth 2015 (#CITEREFWorth2015) , p. 98. ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Aguilera Poised to Launch New Perfume" (https://www.irishexaminer.com/lifestyle/arid-30361457.html) . Irish Examiner (/wiki/Irish_Examiner) . May 10, 2008 . Retrieved August 29, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Jennifer Weil (January 11, 2007). "Procter & Gamble to Team Up with Christina Aguilera in Fragrance Deal" (https://web.archive.org/web/20210125195428/https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/beauty-features/procter-gamble-to-team-up-with-christina-aguilera-in-fragrance-deal-1037814/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Archived from the original (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/beauty-features/procter-gamble-to-team-up-with-christina-aguilera-in-fragrance-deal-1037814/) on January 25, 2021 . Retrieved August 29, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Jennifer Weil (January 12, 2007). "Aguilera and P&G Sign Fragrance Deal" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/aguilera-p-g-sign-fragrance-deal-510809/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved August 29, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Eau de Christina" (https://web.archive.org/web/20161206050310/https://www.popsugar.com/celebrity/Eau-de-Christina-104617) . PopCrush (/wiki/PopCrush) . Archived from the original (https://www.popsugar.com/celebrity/Eau-de-Christina-104617) on December 6, 2016 . Retrieved August 29, 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Grant Osborne (November 17, 2015). "Christina Aguilera Adds a Touch of Seduction to Her Fragrance Line" (https://basenotes.com/articles/christina-aguilera-adds-a-touch-of-seduction-to-her-fragrance-line.3221/) . Basenotes (/wiki/Basenotes) . Retrieved August 17, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Christina Aguilera Fragrances Products: Shop" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110107044416/http://www.sonymusicdigital.com/christina-aguilera/features/5492812) . Sony Music (/wiki/Sony_Music) . Archived from the original (http://www.sonymusicdigital.com/christina-aguilera/features/5492812) on January 7, 2011 . Retrieved August 17, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Kristy Kelly (December 22, 2010). "Aguilera's Mother 'Inspired' Perfume" (https://www.digitalspy.com/showbiz/a294569/aguileras-mother-inspired-perfume/) . Digital Spy (/wiki/Digital_Spy) . Retrieved September 6, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Christina Aguilera: Royal Desire Fragrance" (https://www.nwitimes.com/lifestyles/image_f74bdef0-688e-5193-a7c1-ee3b48fa3482.html) . The Times of Northwest Indiana (/wiki/The_Times_of_Northwest_Indiana) . September 15, 2011 . Retrieved September 6, 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b Courtney Dunlop (October 8, 2010). "Christina Aguilera's Beauty Secrets" (https://www.marieclaire.com/celebrity/a5498/christina-aguilera-beauty-secrets/) . Marie Claire (/wiki/Marie_Claire) . Retrieved September 6, 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Maria Del Russo (May 11, 2015). "Christina Aguilera Fragrance Interview" (https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/christina-aguilera-fragrance-interview) . Refinery29 (/wiki/Refinery29) . Retrieved July 1, 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b Ashley Terrill (December 20, 2012). "Christina Aguilera Talks Scents, Body Image, and the Holidays" (https://www.elle.com/culture/celebrities/news/a22546/christina-aguilera-interview/) . Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) . Retrieved September 6, 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Flare Staff (November 10, 2008). "Christina Aguilera: Pop Princess Talks About New Fragrance" (https://web.archive.org/web/20220909115358/https://www.flare.com/celebrity/christina-aguilera/) . Flare (/wiki/Flare_(magazine)) . Archived from the original (https://www.flare.com/celebrity/christina-aguilera/) on September 9, 2022 . Retrieved August 17, 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Matthew Curlewis (March 1, 2019). "Christina Aguilera Fragrances, PUMA, Bruno Banani" (https://www.behance.net/gallery/76506223/Christina-Aguilera-PUMA-Bruno-Banani-3-Fragrances) . Behance (/wiki/Behance) . Retrieved August 17, 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Stephanie Epiro (May 23, 2008). "P&G Hopes Aguilera Will 'Inspire' Its Fragrance Fortunes" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/beauty-features/p-g-hopes-aguilera-will-inspire-its-fragrance-fortunes-1556271/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b Louise O'Connell (October 4, 2010). "Best Celebrity Perfumes" (https://www.glamourmagazine.co.uk/gallery/best-celebrity-perfumes-2017) . Glamour (/wiki/Glamour_(magazine)) . Retrieved September 6, 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Gregory DelliCarpini Jr. (October 4, 2012). "Christina Aguilera Shows Skin in Sinful Fragrance Ad" (https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/christina-aguilera-shows-skin-in-sinful-fragrance-ad-474805/) . Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) . Retrieved August 17, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Tamar Anitai (October 2, 2007). "Smell Like Christina Aguilera" (https://web.archive.org/web/20220909120850/https://www.mtv.com/news/es39v0/smell-like-christina-aguilera) . MTV News (/wiki/MTV_News) . Archived from the original (https://www.mtv.com/news/es39v0/smell-like-christina-aguilera) on September 9, 2022 . Retrieved August 17, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) Nadine Cheung (September 30, 2011). "Christina Aguilera Releases 'Secret Potion' Fragrance Commercial" (https://popcrush.com/christina-aguilera-secret-potion-fragrance-commercial/) . PopCrush (/wiki/PopCrush) . Retrieved August 17, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) Hilary Howard (November 10, 2011). "Celebrity Fragrances: Beauty Spots" (https://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/10/fashion/beauty-spots-celebrity-fragrances.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . Retrieved August 17, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) Teen Vogue Staff (January 18, 2013). "Christina Aguilera Talks Fragrance and Finding Self Confidence" (https://www.teenvogue.com/story/christina-aguilera-red-sin) . Teen Vogue (/wiki/Teen_Vogue) . Retrieved August 17, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) Ning Chao (September 26, 2008). "Scentual Attraction" (https://www.marieclaire.com/beauty/a2053/perfume-attraction-smell-fragrance/) . Marie Claire (/wiki/Marie_Claire) . Retrieved August 17, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) Hello! Staff (September 25, 2008). 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Retrieved October 13, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-112) "Marc Jacobs, Tom Ford and Christina Aguilera Win Top Fragrance Awards" (https://www.thecut.com/2008/04/marc_jacobs_tom_ford_christina_1.html) . New York (/wiki/New_York_(magazine)) . April 24, 2008 . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-113) "UK FiFi Awards Finalists" (https://web.archive.org/web/20090923113644/http://www.fragrance.org/fifi_european_finalists.php) . The Fragrance Foundation (/wiki/The_Fragrance_Foundation) . Archived from the original (http://www.fragrance.org/fifi_european_finalists.php) on September 23, 2009 . Retrieved August 24, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-114) "The Fragrance Foundation Announces FiFi Awards Nominees" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/fragrance/fragrance-foundation-picks-nominees-3568035/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . March 29, 2011 . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-115) Belisa Silva (April 27, 2012). "FiFi Award Top Five and Award Winners" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/fragrance/fifi-award-finalists-revealed-5880580/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-116) "2012 FiFi® Awards / Nominees" (https://web.archive.org/web/20121127043026/http://www.fragrance.org/fifi-awards-nominees.php) . The Fragrance Foundation (/wiki/The_Fragrance_Foundation) . Archived from the original (http://www.fragrance.org/fifi-awards-nominees.php) on November 27, 2012 . Retrieved August 24, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-117) Belisa Silva (April 4, 2013). "Fragrance Foundation Reveals 2013 Finalists" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/fragrance/fragrance-foundation-reveals-2013-finalists-6882202/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-118) "Победители премии Best of Beauty: Аромат" (https://www.glamour.ru/cosmetics/wow-konkurs-ot-allure-vyigrajte-sredstva-pobediteli-premii-best-of-beauty) . Glamour (/wiki/Glamour_(magazine)) . December 27, 2013 . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-119) "Joy Trend Awards 2013: Die Gewinner" (https://web.archive.org/web/20131016222610/http://www.joy-trendaward.de/gewinner_2013.php) (in German). Joy (/wiki/Joy_(magazine)) . Archived from the original (http://www.joy-trendaward.de/gewinner_2013.php) on October 16, 2013 . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-120) "Joy Trend Awards 2014: Die Gewinner" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150213041537/http://joy-trendaward.de/gewinner_2014.php) (in German). Joy (/wiki/Joy_(magazine)) . Archived from the original (http://joy-trendaward.de/gewinner_2014.php) on February 13, 2015 . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-121) Maggie Malach (January 23, 2014). "Justin Bieber Leads 2014 PopCrush Awards" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140129212823/http://popcrush.com/justin-bieber-leads-2014-popcrush-fan-choice-awards/) . PopCrush (/wiki/PopCrush) . Archived from the original (http://popcrush.com/justin-bieber-leads-2014-popcrush-fan-choice-awards/) on January 29, 2014 . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-122) "Elizabeth Arden, Inc. Announces Agreement to Acquire the Christina Aguilera Fragrance Brand" (https://www.prnewswire.com/ru/press-releases/elizabeth-arden-inc-announces-agreement-to-acquire-the-christina-aguilera-fragrance-brands-579143881.html) (Press release). PR Newswire (/wiki/PR_Newswire) . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-123) Allison Stubblebine (October 4, 2017). "Christina Aguilera's New Perfume, Definition: Watch the Ad" (https://www.billboard.com/music/pop/christina-aguilera-perfume-ad-definition-7988853/) . Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-124) Allison Collins (May 12, 2016). "Elizabeth Arden to Buy Christina Aguilera Fragrance Business" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/fragrance/elizabeth-arden-buy-christina-aguilera-fragrance-business-10429525/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-125) Stephanie Epiro (December 14, 2007). "P&G's Bid for Youth with Aguilera" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/fragrance/p-g-s-bid-for-youth-with-aguilera-replay-473195/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-126) "Jordan 'Queen' of Celebrity Scents" (https://www.irishexaminer.com/lifestyle/arid-30340814.html) . Irish Examiner (/wiki/Irish_Examiner) . December 16, 2007 . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-127) Louise McBride (November 2, 2008). "Irish Shoppers Prefer the Scent of Britney to Kylie" (https://www.independent.ie/business/irish/irish-shoppers-prefer-the-scent-of-britney-to-kylie-26489932.html) . Irish Independent (/wiki/Irish_Independent) . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-128) RCA Staff (December 19, 2007). "Christina Aguilera Tops Fragrance Charts" (https://web.archive.org/web/20080109000818/http://www.rcalabelgroup.co.uk/news/8020/) . RCA/Jive Label Group (/wiki/RCA/Jive_Label_Group) . Archived from the original (http://www.rcalabelgroup.co.uk/news/8020/) on January 9, 2008 . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-129) Vogue Staff (January 15, 2010). "All Star Perfume" (https://web.archive.org/web/20171107175634/https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/all-star-perfumes) . Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(British_magazine)) . Archived from the original (https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/all-star-perfumes) on November 7, 2017 . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-130) Denise Winterman (July 1, 2010). "Eau de Bruce – What Does Die Hard Smell Like?" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/8772076.stm) . BBC News (/wiki/BBC_News) . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-131) Sharon Clott (September 3, 2008). "Christina Aguilera Sells $50K Worth of Fragrance at Macy's" (https://www.thecut.com/2008/09/christina_aguilera_sells_50k_w.html) . The Cut (/wiki/The_Cut_(website)) . New York (/wiki/New_York_(magazine)) . Retrieved June 24, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-132) Kathryn Hopkins (May 2, 2023). "Can Revlon Regain Relevance as It Exits Bankruptcy" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/beauty-features/revlon-bankruptcy-exit-ronald-perelman-relevance-beauty-1235637249/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved August 24, 2023 . Sources [ edit ] Dominguez, Pier (2003). Christina Aguilera: A Star is Made: The Unauthorized Biography . Amber Communications Group, Inc. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-970-222-459 . Worth, Robert (2015). Christina Aguilera: Pop Singer . Enslow Publishing (/wiki/Enslow_Publishing) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-76-607198-8 . Commane, Gemma (2020). Bad Girls, Dirty Bodies: Sex, Performance and Safe Femininity . Bloomsbury Publishing (/wiki/Bloomsbury_Publishing) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-35-011735-8 . Saucet, Marcel (2015). Street Marketing: The Future of Guerrilla Marketing and Buzz . ABC-Clio (/wiki/ABC-Clio) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-44-083839-2 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://parfum.christinaaguilera.com) v t e Christina Aguilera (/wiki/Christina_Aguilera) Discography (/wiki/Christina_Aguilera_discography) Songs (/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_Christina_Aguilera) Concerts (/wiki/List_of_Christina_Aguilera_concerts) Videography (/wiki/Christina_Aguilera_videography) Awards and nominations (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Christina_Aguilera) Studio albums Christina Aguilera (/wiki/Christina_Aguilera_(album)) Mi Reflejo (/wiki/Mi_Reflejo) My Kind of Christmas (/wiki/My_Kind_of_Christmas) Stripped (/wiki/Stripped_(Christina_Aguilera_album)) Back to Basics (/wiki/Back_to_Basics_(Christina_Aguilera_album)) Bionic (/wiki/Bionic_(Christina_Aguilera_album)) Lotus (/wiki/Lotus_(Christina_Aguilera_album)) Liberation (/wiki/Liberation_(Christina_Aguilera_album)) Aguilera (/wiki/Aguilera_(album)) Compilation albums Just Be Free (/wiki/Just_Be_Free) Keeps Gettin' Better: A Decade of Hits (/wiki/Keeps_Gettin%27_Better:_A_Decade_of_Hits) Soundtrack albums Burlesque soundtrack (/wiki/Burlesque_(soundtrack)) Live and video albums Genie Gets Her Wish (/wiki/Genie_Gets_Her_Wish) My Reflection (/wiki/My_Reflection) Stripped Live in the U.K. (/wiki/Stripped_Live_in_the_U.K.) Back to Basics: Live and Down Under (/wiki/Back_to_Basics:_Live_and_Down_Under) EPs Justin & Christina (/wiki/Justin_%26_Christina) La Fuerza (/wiki/La_Fuerza) La Tormenta (/wiki/La_Tormenta_(EP)) Concerts tours Christina Aguilera in Concert (/wiki/Christina_Aguilera_in_Concert) The Justified & Stripped Tour (/wiki/The_Justified_%26_Stripped_Tour) The Stripped Tour (/wiki/The_Stripped_Tour) Back to Basics Tour (/wiki/Back_to_Basics_Tour) The Liberation Tour (/wiki/The_Liberation_Tour_(Christina_Aguilera_tour)) The X Tour (/wiki/The_X_Tour_(Christina_Aguilera)) Promotional tours EU / UK Summer Series (/wiki/EU_/_UK_Summer_Series) Concerts and residencies Christina Aguilera: The Xperience (/wiki/Christina_Aguilera:_The_Xperience) Christina Aguilera at Voltaire (/wiki/Christina_Aguilera_at_Voltaire) Companies and brands Christina Aguilera Fragrances Playground (/wiki/Playground_(company)) Related topics Super Bowl XXXIV halftime show (/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXXIV_halftime_show) Category (/wiki/Category:Christina_Aguilera) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐74875659f5‐4cq2h Cached time: 20240717183044 Cache expiry: 1229360 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 2.269 seconds Real time usage: 3.411 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 6971/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 260207/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4453/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 501420/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 1.587/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7282146/52428800 bytes Lua Profile: MediaWiki\Extension\Scribunto\Engines\LuaSandbox\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction 380 ms 24.1% ? 240 ms 15.2% <mw.lua:694> 180 ms 11.4% dataWrapper <mw.lua:672> 140 ms 8.9% MediaWiki\Extension\Scribunto\Engines\LuaSandbox\LuaSandboxCallback::find 80 ms 5.1% MediaWiki\Extension\Scribunto\Engines\LuaSandbox\LuaSandboxCallback::anchorEncode 60 ms 3.8% MediaWiki\Extension\Scribunto\Engines\LuaSandbox\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument 40 ms 2.5% MediaWiki\Extension\Scribunto\Engines\LuaSandbox\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub 40 ms 2.5% type 40 ms 2.5% MediaWiki\Extension\Scribunto\Engines\LuaSandbox\LuaSandboxCallback::match 40 ms 2.5% [others] 340 ms 21.5% Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 3081.649 1 -total 52.53% 1618.902 2 Template:Reflist 46.58% 1435.527 125 Template:Cite_web 13.47% 415.173 1 Template:Short_description 12.06% 371.772 1 Template:Christina_Aguilera 11.96% 368.588 1 Template:Navbox_musical_artist 9.77% 301.139 2 Template:Pagetype 8.47% 261.103 1 Template:Infobox_brand 8.27% 254.991 1 Template:Infobox 7.95% 245.096 1 Template:Icon Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:71715282-0!canonical and timestamp 20240717183044 and revision id 1231725761. 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Hong Kong model and actress In this Chinese name (/wiki/Chinese_name) , the family name (/wiki/Chinese_surname) is Wang (汪) . Irene Wang 汪圓圓 Born Wang Yuen Yuen ( 1986-03-27 ) March 27, 1986 (age 38) Lima (/wiki/Lima) , Peru (/wiki/Peru) Other names Irene Wong Yun-Yun, Wong Yun-Yun Alma mater McMaster University (/wiki/McMaster_University) Shanghai Theatre Academy (/wiki/Shanghai_Theatre_Academy) Occupation(s) actress, model Years active 2007–present Height 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) Spouse Karson Choi ( m. 2013) Children 3 Parents Daniel Wang (father) Jennifer Wang (mother) Relatives Cissy Wang (/wiki/Cissy_Wang) (sister) Chinese name Traditional Chinese (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters) 汪圓圓 Simplified Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) 汪圆圆 Transcriptions Standard Mandarin (/wiki/Standard_Chinese) Hanyu Pinyin (/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin) Wāng Yuányuán Yue: Cantonese (/wiki/Cantonese) Jyutping (/wiki/Jyutping) Wong 1 Jyun 4 Jyun 4 Website www (http://www.yuenyuen.asia) .yuenyuen (http://www.yuenyuen.asia) .asia (http://www.yuenyuen.asia) Irene Wang Yuen Yuen (born March 27, 1986) is a Hong Kong model and actress. Wang was known for her roles in the films Flash Point (/wiki/Flash_Point_(film)) and The Monkey King (/wiki/The_Monkey_King_(2014_film)) . Early life [ edit ] Wang was born as Wang Yuen Yuen in Lima (/wiki/Lima) , Peru (/wiki/Peru) on 27 March 1986. Wang's mother is Jennifer Wang. Wang's father Daniel Wang ran a jewelry business there before moving to Canada. There her father was nicknamed as the King of Diamonds (鑽石大王) and Wang and her sister Cissy Wang (/wiki/Cissy_Wang) were known as Diamond Ladies (鑽石名媛). [1] (#cite_note-1) Wang began her entertainment career at the age of 12. [2] (#cite_note-2) Education [ edit ] Wang studied Business Administration at McMaster University (/wiki/McMaster_University) in Ontario (/wiki/Ontario) and graduated from the Shanghai Theatre Academy (/wiki/Shanghai_Theatre_Academy) to become an actress. [3] (#cite_note-3) Career [ edit ] Like her elder sister Cissy, her main work is as a model. In 2002, Wang began her television acting career in Wind and Cloud (/wiki/Wind_and_Cloud) . In 2007, Wang debuted her film in Flash Point (/wiki/Flash_Point_(film)) . Personal life [ edit ] In 2011, Wang first met Karson Choi, the son of the King of Toys Francis Choi (/wiki/Francis_Choi) , through the introduction by friends. In 2013, Wang married Karson Choi at Beas River Country Club in Hong Kong. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Wang's wedding wardrobe was designed by Cecilia Yau, a Hong Kong fashion designer. [6] (#cite_note-6) Wang has one daughter Celine (born in 2014), and twin sons, Christian and Kameron (born in 2016). [7] (#cite_note-7) Filmography [ edit ] Films [ edit ] Year Title Role Note 2007 (/wiki/2007_in_film) Flash Point (/wiki/Flash_Point_(film)) Cindy [8] (#cite_note-8) 2011 (/wiki/2011_in_film) All's Well, Ends Well 2011 (/wiki/All%27s_Well,_Ends_Well_2011) Jodi [9] (#cite_note-9) 2012 (/wiki/2012_in_film) Painted Skin: The Resurrection (/wiki/Painted_Skin:_The_Resurrection) writer [10] (#cite_note-10) 2014 (/wiki/2014_in_film) The Monkey King (/wiki/The_Monkey_King_(2014_film)) Fairy Caiyun Television dramas [ edit ] Year Title Role Network Note 2002 Wind and Cloud (/wiki/Wind_and_Cloud) (风云) China Television (/wiki/China_Television) 2003 Life Begins at Forty (/wiki/Life_Begins_at_Forty_(2003_TV_series)) (花樣中年) Wong Wai TVB (/wiki/TVB) 2011 Xue Liang Jun Dao (雪亮军刀) [11] (#cite_note-11) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "图文八卦HK第一好命豪门媳妇及其周边八卦" (https://www.douban.com/group/topic/129670983/) . www.douban.com . Retrieved 2019-03-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "她堪比千亿儿媳，20岁嫁帅气豪门花费8亿，生双胞胎得千亿豪宅！" (http://wemedia.ifeng.com/69507362/wemedia.shtml) . wemedia.ifeng.com . Retrieved 2019-03-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "汪詩詩..." (http://the-sun.on.cc/channels/ent/20070111/20070110235958_0000.html) the-sun.on.cc . Retrieved 2019-03-20 . (in Chinese) ^ (#cite_ref-4) "香港又一豪门婚礼！汪圆圆入百亿豪门，嫁玩具大王蔡志明之子蔡加瓒，真正高帅富！ - 篱笆社区手机版" (https://wap.libaclub.com/t_13_8206091_1.htm) . wap.libaclub.com . Retrieved 2019-03-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Wedding Day of Irene Wang & Larson Choi" (http://philipphoto.com/dt_portfolio/wedding-day-of-irene-wang-karson-choi/) . philipphoto.com. June 25, 2014 . Retrieved April 19, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Romann, Alfred (October 31, 2014). "A cut above the rest" (http://epaper.chinadailyasia.com/asia-weekly/article-3535.html) . chinadailyasia.com . Retrieved April 19, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Tatler, Hong Kong (2019-01-01). "Karson Choi" (https://hk.asiatatler.com/people/karson-choi) . Hong Kong Tatler . Retrieved 2019-03-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Flash Point (2007)" (https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0992911/) . IMDb (/wiki/IMDb) . Retrieved April 19, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "All's Well, Ends Well 2011 (2011)" (http://www.hkmdb.com/db/movies/view.mhtml?id=14569&display_set=eng) . hkmdb.com . Retrieved April 19, 2019 . (credited as Irene Wong Yun-Yun) ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Hong Kong Cinemagic - Irene Wang Yuan Yuan" (http://www.hkcinemagic.com/en/people.asp?id=14104) . www.hkcinemagic.com . Retrieved 2019-03-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "雪亮军刀-电视剧-腾讯视频" (http://v.qq.com/detail/y/yz2pbvg9ujzj25l.html) . v.qq.com . Retrieved 2019-03-20 . External links [ edit ] Irene Wang (https://www.facebook.com/Yuen-Yuen-Wang-汪圓圓-59373434097) on Facebook (/wiki/Facebook_(identifier)) Irene Wang (https://www.instagram.com/wrini/) on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram_(identifier)) Irene Wang (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2351318/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Irene Wong at hkmdb.com (http://www.hkmdb.com/db/people/view.mhtml?id=33171&display_set=eng) Irene Wang at hkcinemagic.com (http://www.hkcinemagic.com/en/people.asp?id=14104) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐52mxg Cached time: 20240719212712 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.570 seconds Real time usage: 0.749 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3162/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 41956/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 5779/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 22/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 46924/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.401/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 24873821/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 719.373 1 -total 52.17% 375.261 1 Template:Infobox_person 21.85% 157.151 1 Template:Reflist 21.80% 156.839 1 Template:Infobox_Chinese 19.18% 137.972 11 Template:Cite_web 11.90% 85.574 1 Template:Short_description 10.91% 78.498 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 7.88% 56.703 1 Template:Marriage 6.82% 49.047 21 Template:Main_other 6.19% 44.520 4 Template:Br_separated_entries Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:60280388-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719212712 and revision id 1155473938. 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Dutch model Rikkie Kollé Kollé in 2022 Born ( 2001-04-06 ) 6 April 2001 (age 23) Hoorn (/wiki/Hoorn) , Netherlands Occupation Model Beauty pageant (/wiki/Beauty_pageant) titleholder Title Miss Nederland (/wiki/Miss_Nederland) 2023 Major competition(s) Miss Nederland 2023 (Winner) Miss Universe 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2023) Rikkie Valerie Kollé (born 6 April 2001) is a Dutch (/wiki/Dutch_people) model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Nederland (/wiki/Miss_Nederland) 2023 and represented her country at Miss Universe 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2023) . [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-BBC-2) As Kollé was the first openly transgender woman to win the Miss Nederland title, [3] (#cite_note-winq-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) this made her the first openly transgender person to win any national beauty pageant. [5] (#cite_note-5) Career [ edit ] Kollé began modelling on Holland's Next Top Model (season 11) (/wiki/Holland%27s_Next_Top_Model_(season_11)) . [6] (#cite_note-6) In 2019, Kollé reached the final of the Elite Model Look (/wiki/Elite_Model_Look) contest in the Netherlands. [7] (#cite_note-7) Personal life [ edit ] Kollé was born 6 April 2001, in Hoorn (/wiki/Hoorn) , [8] (#cite_note-8) Netherlands. [3] (#cite_note-winq-3) She is of Indo-Dutch (/wiki/Indo_people) descent, [9] (#cite_note-9) and is a transgender woman. [3] (#cite_note-winq-3) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Power, Shannon (12 July 2023). "Exclusive: Transgender Miss Netherlands winner speaks out after backlash" (https://www.newsweek.com/miss-netherlands-transgender-miss-universe-rikkie-kolle-1812466) . Newsweek . ^ (#cite_ref-BBC_2-0) "Miss Netherlands: Male model 'broke boundaries' with beauty pageant win" (https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-66176790) . 12 July 2023 – via www.bbc.co.uk. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Miss Nederland-finalist Rikkie Kollé: "De queer community ligt wereldwijd onder vuur" (https://winq.nl/articles/234694/miss-nederland-finalist-rikkie-kolle/) " (https://winq.nl/articles/234694/miss-nederland-finalist-rikkie-kolle/) . winq.nl (in Dutch). 3 June 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Amsterdamse Rikkie Kolle (22) wint als eerste trans vrouw Miss Nederland" (https://www.parool.nl/kunst-media/amsterdamse-rikkie-kolle-22-wint-als-eerste-trans-vrouw-miss-nederland~b31dfd4e/) . Het Parool (in Dutch). 9 July 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Rikkie Kolle wint als eerste trans vrouw de titel Miss Nederland" (https://nos.nl/artikel/2482139-rikkie-kolle-wint-als-eerste-trans-vrouw-de-titel-miss-nederland) . nos.nl (in Dutch). 9 July 2023 . Retrieved 10 July 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Helders model Rikkie grijpt naast titel Holland's Next Top Model" (https://www.noordhollandsdagblad.nl/cnt/dmf20181022_89218581) . Noordhollands Dagblad (in Dutch). 22 October 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Helderse Rikkie (18) maakt kans op internationale modellencarrière: "Dit is mijn droom!" (https://www.nhnieuws.nl/nieuws/254362/helderse-rikkie-18-maakt-kans-op-internationale-modellencarriere-dit-is-mijn-droom) " (https://www.nhnieuws.nl/nieuws/254362/helderse-rikkie-18-maakt-kans-op-internationale-modellencarriere-dit-is-mijn-droom) . www.nhnieuws.nl . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Ferrer, Isabel (13 July 2023). "Rikkie Kolle, the first trans woman to be crowned Miss Netherlands: 'With this title, I have a greater opportunity to speak up for my community' (https://english.elpais.com/society/2023-07-12/rikkie-kolle-the-first-trans-woman-to-be-crowned-miss-netherlands-with-this-title-i-have-a-greater-opportunity-to-speak-up-for-my-community.html) " (https://english.elpais.com/society/2023-07-12/rikkie-kolle-the-first-trans-woman-to-be-crowned-miss-netherlands-with-this-title-i-have-a-greater-opportunity-to-speak-up-for-my-community.html) . EL PAÍS English . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Rikkie Valerie Kolle Becomes First Transgender Model To Be Crowned Miss Netherlands" (https://www.ndtv.com/feature/rikkie-valerie-kolle-becomes-first-transgender-model-to-be-crowned-miss-netherlands-4193095) . NDTV.com . External links [ edit ] Media related to Rikkie Kollé (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Rikkie_Koll%C3%A9) at Wikimedia Commons Awards and achievements Preceded by Ona Moody Miss Nederland (/wiki/Miss_Nederland) 2023 Succeeded by Amber Rustenburg Preceded by Ona Moody Miss Universe Netherlands (/wiki/Miss_Universe_Netherlands) 2023 Succeeded by Faith Landman v t e Miss Universe 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2023) national titleholders ALB : Endi Demneri (/wiki/Endi_Demneri) AGO : Ana Coimbra (/wiki/Ana_Coimbra) ARG : Yamile Dajud (/wiki/Yamile_Dajud) AUS : Moraya Wilson (/wiki/Moraya_Wilson) BHS : Melissa Ingraham (/wiki/Melissa_Ingraham) BEL : Emilie Vansteenkiste (/wiki/Emilie_Vansteenkiste) BOL : Estefany Rivero (/wiki/Estefany_Rivero) BRA : Maria Brechane (/wiki/Maria_Brechane) KHM : Sotima John (/wiki/Sotima_John) CAN : Madison Kvaltin (/wiki/Madison_Kvaltin) CHL : Celeste Viel (/wiki/Celeste_Viel) COL : Camila Avella (/wiki/Camila_Avella) CRC : Lisbeth Valverde (/wiki/Lisbeth_Valverde) CZE : Vanesa Švédová (/wiki/Vanesa_%C5%A0v%C3%A9dov%C3%A1) DNK : Nikoline Hansen (/wiki/Nikoline_Hansen) ECU : Delary Stoffers (/wiki/Delary_Stoffers) EGY : Mohra Tantawy (/wiki/Mohra_Tantawy) SLV : Isabella García-Manzo (/wiki/Isabella_Garc%C3%ADa-Manzo) FIN : Paula Joukanen (/wiki/Paula_Joukanen) FRA : Diane Leyre (/wiki/Diane_Leyre) DEU : Helena Bleicher (/wiki/Helena_Bleicher) GBR : Jessica Page (/wiki/Jessica_Page) GRE : Marielia Zaloumi (/wiki/Marielia_Zaloumi) GTM : Michelle Cohn (/wiki/Michelle_Cohn) HND : Zuheilyn Clemente (/wiki/Zuheilyn_Clemente) ISL : Lilja Pétursdóttir (/wiki/Lilja_P%C3%A9tursd%C3%B3ttir) IND : Shweta Sharda (/wiki/Shweta_Sharda) IDN : Fabiënne Groeneveld (/wiki/Fabi%C3%ABnne_Groeneveld) IRL : Aishah Akorede (/wiki/Aishah_Akorede) ITA : Carmen Panepinto (/wiki/Carmen_Panepinto) JPN : Rio Miyazaki (/wiki/Rio_Miyazaki) LBN : Maya Aboul Hosn (/wiki/Maya_Aboul_Hosn) MEX : Melissa Flores (/wiki/Melissa_Flores) NPL : Jane Dipika Garrett (/wiki/Jane_Dipika_Garrett) NLD : Rikkie Kollé NIC : Sheynnis Palacios (/wiki/Sheynnis_Palacios) NOR : Julie Tollefsen (/wiki/Julie_Tollefsen) PAK : Erica Robin (/wiki/Erica_Robin) PAN : Natasha Vargas (/wiki/Natasha_Vargas) PAR : Elicena Andrada (/wiki/Elicena_Andrada) PER : Camila Escribens (/wiki/Camila_Escribens) PHL : Michelle Dee (/wiki/Michelle_Dee) POL : Angelika Jurkowianiec (/wiki/Angelika_Jurkowianiec) POR : Marina Machete (/wiki/Marina_Machete) PUR : Karla Guilfú (/wiki/Karla_Guilf%C3%BA) RUS : Margarita Golubeva (/wiki/Margarita_Golubeva) SGP : Priyanka Annuncia (/wiki/Priyanka_Annuncia) ZAF : Bryoni Govender (/wiki/Bryoni_Govender) ESP : Athenea Pérez (/wiki/Athenea_P%C3%A9rez) THA : Anntonia Porsild (/wiki/Anntonia_Porsild) TTO : Faith Gillezeau (/wiki/Faith_Gillezeau) UKR : Angelina Usanova (/wiki/Angelina_Usanova) USA : Noelia Voigt (/wiki/Noelia_Voigt) VEN : Diana Silva (/wiki/Diana_Silva_(model)) VNM : Bùi Quỳnh Hoa (/wiki/B%C3%B9i_Qu%E1%BB%B3nh_Hoa) ZWE : Brooke Bruk-Jackson (/wiki/Brooke_Bruk-Jackson) v t e Holland's Next Top Model (/wiki/Holland%27s_Next_Top_Model) Cycles 1 (/wiki/Holland%27s_Next_Top_Model_(cycle_1)) 2 (/wiki/Holland%27s_Next_Top_Model_(cycle_2)) 3 (/wiki/Holland%27s_Next_Top_Model_(cycle_3)) 4 (/wiki/Holland%27s_Next_Top_Model_(cycle_4)) 5 (/wiki/Holland%27s_Next_Top_Model_(cycle_5)) 6 (/wiki/Holland%27s_Next_Top_Model_(cycle_6)) 7 (/wiki/Holland%27s_Next_Top_Model_(cycle_7)) 8 (/wiki/Holland%27s_Next_Top_Model_(cycle_8)) 9 (/wiki/Holland%27s_Next_Top_Model_(cycle_9)) 10 (/wiki/Holland%27s_Next_Top_Model_(cycle_10)) Winners Sanne Nijhof (/wiki/Sanne_Nijhof) Kim Feenstra (/wiki/Kim_Feenstra) Cecile Sinclair (/wiki/Cecile_Sinclair) Ananda Lândertine (/wiki/Ananda_Marchildon) Tamara Weijenberg Nikki Steigenga Nicky Opheij (/wiki/Nicky_Opheij) Loiza Lamers (/wiki/Loiza_Lamers) Akke Marije Marinus (/wiki/Akke_Marije_Marinus) Montell van Leijen Other alumnae Sabrina van der Donk (/wiki/Sabrina_van_der_Donk) Yvette Broch (/wiki/Yvette_Broch) Patricia van der Vliet (/wiki/Patricia_van_der_Vliet) Rikkie Kolle Related shows Top Model (/wiki/Top_Model) Benelux' Next Top Model (/wiki/Benelux%27_Next_Top_Model) (2009–2010) This biography article about a European contestant in a beauty pageant is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rikkie_Koll%C3%A9&action=edit) . v t e This biographical article about a model is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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American author and publisher (1933–2022) ' R. L. Shep (born Robert Lee "Robb" Shep; 27 February 1933 – December 21, 2022), was an American (/wiki/United_States_of_America) artist, writer, publisher, textile scholar, shiatsu (/wiki/Shiatsu) practitioner and member of the Mendocino Healing Community. Shep is best known for known for his first book, Cleaning and Repairing Books: A Practical Home Manual , for his publications on textile arts, dress, and manners, and for his textile-related endowments. [1] (#cite_note-1) Early life and education [ edit ] Robert Lee Shep was born in Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) , California (/wiki/California) to Ruth and Milton Shep, the children of Russian Jewish émigrés. In 1950, Shep graduated from Army and Navy Academy (/wiki/Army_and_Navy_Academy) . [2] (#cite_note-2) He received a Bachelor of Arts (/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts) in Dramatic Art from the University of California, Berkeley (/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley) in 1955. Shep continued his education, first at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Dramatic_Art) , London (/wiki/London) (1955–56), then at the American Institute of Foreign Trade (/wiki/Thunderbird_School_of_Global_Management) , now Thunderbird School of Global Management, in Glendale (/wiki/Glendale,_Arizona) , Arizona (/wiki/Arizona) . [3] (#cite_note-WiW-3) [4] (#cite_note-thunderbird1961-4) Career [ edit ] In 1965, Shep began to sell imported and out-of-print books on costume and textiles. [3] (#cite_note-WiW-3) Shep first traveled to Nepal (/wiki/Nepal) in 1978. In 1981, he took the helm of The Textile Booklist . [3] (#cite_note-WiW-3) Between 1983 and 2004, Shep made several trips to Bhutan (/wiki/Bhutan) and Northeastern India (/wiki/Northeast_India) ; collecting and studying Bhutanese and Northeastern Indian Naga (/wiki/Nagaland) textiles, particularly from the Maram Naga people (/wiki/Maram_Naga_people) , exploring design themes that remain consistent, persisting in the work even as traditions change over time. [5] (#cite_note-naga-5) [6] (#cite_note-temples-6) On his return to the United States, Shep devoted two issues of The Textile Booklist to Bhutan (Winter 1984 and Spring 1984) which included illustrated articles. The Seattle Textile and Rug Society sponsored two presentations by Shep, the first (1999) focused on silks from Northeastern India, [6] (#cite_note-temples-6) and the second, Naga textiles, as represented in the ikat collections of Shep and fellow textile scholar Irene Joshi. [5] (#cite_note-naga-5) [7] (#cite_note-tour-7) Textiles from the Indian subcontinent (/wiki/Indian_subcontinent) and the Mekong Delta (/wiki/Mekong_Delta) represent the core of the Shep collection, which includes some thirty Naga blankets or shawls dating from the late 1960s to the mid-1990s, representing textile development during that period. Other items in the collection date from the early 20th century. This collection was given to the Fowler Museum (/wiki/UCLA_Fowler_Museum_of_Cultural_History) at UCLA (/wiki/UCLA) . At the end of 2004, most of the balance of R. L. Shep's collection of antique and contemporary hand-loomed textiles was given to the Mingei Museum (/wiki/Mingei_International_Museum) in San Diego (/wiki/San_Diego) , with some of the Shep collection going to the Henry Art Gallery (/wiki/Henry_Art_Gallery) , at the University of Washington (/wiki/University_of_Washington) . [7] (#cite_note-tour-7) Professional affiliations [ edit ] R.L. Shep is an honorary member of the Textile Society of America (/wiki/Textile_Society_of_America) . He served on the Costume Society of America (/w/index.php?title=Costume_Society_of_America&action=edit&redlink=1) 's national board of directors from 1985 to 1987. [3] (#cite_note-WiW-3) Other past professional affiliations include the United States Institute for Theatre Technology (/wiki/United_States_Institute_for_Theatre_Technology) , the Seattle Textile and Rug Society (http://www.seattletextileandrugsociety.org) , Pacific Textile Arts (https://web.archive.org/web/20120322201239/http://www.pacifictextilearts.org/Pages/homepagendex.html) , the Costume Society of Ontario (/wiki/Ontario) , The Costume Society (/wiki/The_Costume_Society) of Great Britain, and the Australian Forum for Textile Art, Ltd. (http://www.tafta.org.au/) . [3] (#cite_note-WiW-3) Publications [ edit ] In addition to writing Cleaning and Repairing Books, R. L. Shep published books on textile arts, dress, and manners, which archived information from the late 18th century through the early 20th century, in the United States and Great Britain, as resources for theatre. All of those were edited by R.L Shep; some were compendiums of related works, and many included Shep's own notes and articles. According to Shep, his interest in reprinting technical textile books from the 19th century started with the discovery of a copy of Louis Devere's "The Handbook of Practical Cutting on the Centre Point System" and was encouraged by his mentor, New York costumer and clothing pattern archivist Betty Vickery Williams. [8] (#cite_note-8) Shep, R.L. (1980). Cleaning and Repairing Books: A Practical Home Manual . Lopez Island: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-914046-00-4 . [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) Stanley Egerton Wilton, Mary Margaret (1986) [1846]. Shep, R.L. (ed.). The Book of Costume or Annals of Fashion . Lopez Island: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-914046-04-2 . [11] (#cite_note-11) Frost, Annie (1986) [1877]. Shep, R.L. (ed.). The Ladies' Guide to Needlework : Being a Complete Guide to All Types of Ladies' Fancy Work . Lopez Island: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-914046-02-8 . Devere, Louis (1986) [1866]. Shep, R.L. (ed.). The Handbook of Practical Cutting on the Centre Point System . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-03-9 . [12] (#cite_note-Seligman1988-12) Giles, Edward B (1987). The Art of Cutting and History of English Costume . Lopeza Island: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-914046-05-9 . [12] (#cite_note-Seligman1988-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) Martine, Arthur; Godfrey Leland, Charles (1988) [1864, 1866]. Civil War Etiquette: Martine's Handbook & Vulgarisms in Conversation . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-07-1 . Shep, R.L., ed. (1988) [1853]. Ladies' self-instructor in Millinery & Mantua Making, Embroidery & Applique . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-08-X . [14] (#cite_note-14) Campbell, Mark (1989) [?]. Shep, R.L. (ed.). Civil War Ladies: Fashions and Needle-Arts of the Early 1860s . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-09-8 . Hopkins, J.C. (1990) [1910]. Shep, R.L. (ed.). Edwardian Ladies' Tailoring : The Twentieth Century System of Ladies' Garment Cutting . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-914046-10-3 . Hartley, Florence (1991) [1859]. Ladies' Handbook of Fancy & Ornamental Work - Civil War Era . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-13-6 . Vincent, W.D.F. (1991) [1903]. Shep, R.L.; Williams, Betty (eds.). Tailoring of the Belle Epoque : Vincent's Systems of Cutting All Kinds of Tailor-made Garments . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-11-X . Wyatt, J.; Le Blanc, H. (1991) [1822,1828]. Shep, R.L. (ed.). Late Georgian Costume . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-914046-12-7 . [15] (#cite_note-15) Ben-Yusuf, Anna (1992) [1909]. Shep, R.L. (ed.). Edwardian hats: The Art of Millinery . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-15-2 . Haskell, E.F. (1992) [1861]. Shep, R.L. (ed.). Civil War Cooking: The Housekeeper's Encyclopedia . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-16-0 . Clement Brown, P. (1993) [1922]. Art in Dress . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-19-5 . Minister, Edward (1993) [1853]. Shep, R.L. (ed.). The Complete Guide to Practical Cutting . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-17-9 . Shep, R.L. (1993). Corsets: A Visual History . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-20-9 . [16] (#cite_note-16) Lord, William Berry (1993) [1868]. Shep, R.L. (ed.). Freaks of fashion: The Corset and the Crinoline . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-914046-18-9 . Salisbury, W.S. (1994) [1865]. Shep, R.L.; Dervis, Peter; Williams, Betty (eds.). Civil War Gentlemen: 1860s Apparel Arts & Uniforms . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-22-5 . Shep, R.L., ed. (1994) [1889]. Victorian Needle-craft: Artistic & Practical . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-21-7 . [17] (#cite_note-17) Holding, Thomas Hiram (1997) [1897]. Shep, R.L. (ed.). Late Victorian Women's Tailoring: The Direct System of Ladies' Cutting . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-23-3 . [18] (#cite_note-18) Regency Etiquette : The Mirror of Graces . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. 1997 [1811]. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-24-1 . Queen, James; Lapsley, William (1998) [1796, 1809]. Shep, R.L. (ed.). Federalist & Regency Costume, 1790-1819 . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-25-X . [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) Shep, R.L. (1998). The great war: Styles and patterns of the 1910s . Fort Bragg: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-26-8 . Shep, R.L.; Cariou, Greg (1999). Shirts & Men's Haberdashery : 1840s to 1920s ; a Rribute to Betty Williams . Mendocino: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-27-6 . Walker, George (2001) [1833]. Shep, R.L.; William, Charles; Uzanne, Octave; et al. (eds.). Early Victorian men: The Tailor's Masterpiece, All Kinds of Coats . Fort Bragg: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-28-4 . [21] (#cite_note-21) Hecklinger, Charles (2002) [1880,1883]. Shep, R.L. (ed.). Women's costume 1877-1885: The Complete Dress and Cloak Cutter . Fort Bragg: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-29-2 . [12] (#cite_note-Seligman1988-12) Croonborg, Frederick T. (2005) [1907]. The blue book of men's tailoring . Fort Bragg: R.L. Shep. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-914046-30-6 . Periodicals [ edit ] In 1981 R.L. Shep purchased The Textile Booklist , a longstanding quarterly primarily devoted to lists of books on industrial textiles. He retained the industrial textile listings, but expanded coverage to include lists of new titles on costume and textile arts, adding reviews of some titles, and original articles on related subjects. At the end of 1984, Shep sold the Textile Booklist , which continued for several years under new ownership. From 1996 to 1997, Shep published and edited Rags: Quarterly Review of Costume, Clothing & Ethnic Textile Books , which offered in-depth reviews by textile professionals. [22] (#cite_note-22) [23] (#cite_note-23) [24] (#cite_note-24) Endowments [ edit ] R.L. Shep's endowments include a triennial symposium on textiles and dress at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Museum_of_Art) (LACMA), an annual ethnic textiles book award through the Textile Society of America (/wiki/Textile_Society_of_America) (TSA), and an endowment at the UCLA (/wiki/UCLA) Fowler Museum of Cultural History (/wiki/Fowler_Museum_of_Cultural_History) . In 1998, Shep founded the Triennial R. L. Shep Symposium of Textiles and Dress at LACMA. The first symposium, Dress as Transformation: Creating Experience in Theater and Masquerade , was held in April 1999. The second symposium, Miracles & Mischief: Noh and Kyogen Theater in Japan was held in December 2002, [25] (#cite_note-25) the first of the symposiums to be held in association with an exhibit [26] (#cite_note-26) and catalog. [27] (#cite_note-27) The third symposium, 17th Century Textiles & Dress , was held on 9 April 2005 in association with the exhibit Images of Fashion from the Court of Louis XIV . The fourth symposium, Talking Cloth – New Studies on Indonesian Textiles , was held on 18 October 2008 [28] (#cite_note-28) in association with the exhibit Five Centuries of Indonesian Textiles: Selections from the Mary Hunt Kahlenberg Collection [29] (#cite_note-29) and catalog [30] (#cite_note-30) It gave participants a "rare opportunity to scrutinize remarkable textiles from India and to reevaluate issues relating to the methodology of the field". [31] (#cite_note-31) The fifth symposium, Fashioning a Collection: Vision and Viewpoints , was held on 15 January 2011 in association with the exhibit Fashioning Fashion: European Dress in Detail, 1700–1915 , with an exhibition catalog by LACMA Senior Curator and Head, Costume and Textiles Department, Sharon S. Takeda, and Kaye Durland Spilker, Curator, Costume and Textiles Department at LACMA. [32] (#cite_note-32) [33] (#cite_note-33) [34] (#cite_note-34) [35] (#cite_note-35) Since 2000, the annual R. L. Shep Ethnic Textiles Book Award has honored a book in Ethnic Textile studies. The "esteemed" [36] (#cite_note-36) award is a $750 prize funded by an endowment established by R.L. Shep in 2000. It is administered by the Textile Society of America (TSA). [37] (#cite_note-37) The first winner was Otag-I Humayun: The Ottoman Imperial Tent Complex by Nurhan Atasoy. [38] (#cite_note-38) Since 2003, the R. L. Shep Endowment at the UCLA Fowler Museum of Cultural History (/wiki/UCLA_Fowler_Museum_of_Cultural_History) has supported exhibitions, and publication of the related catalogs. For example, in 2006, the Fowler used Shep Endowment funding for the exhibition Material Choices: Refashioning Bast and Leaf Fibers in Asia and the Pacific [39] (#cite_note-39) and its catalog, [40] (#cite_note-refashioning2006-40) which also received the R.L. Shep Ethnic Textiles Book Award in 2007. In 2010 the R.L. Shep Endowment provided funding for a book and three major exhibits at the Fowler. The first exhibition was Meet Me at the Center of the Earth by textile and performance artist Nick Cave (/wiki/Nick_Cave_(performance_artist)) . Also in 2010, Weavers’ Stories from Island Southeast Asia presented videos of weavers and batik (/wiki/Batik) artists from Indonesia (/wiki/Indonesia) , Malaysia (/wiki/Malaysia) , the Philippines (/wiki/Philippines) , and East Timor (/wiki/East_Timor) , talking about social and economic change, and its relation to the artists' individual artistic choices. The videos were accompanied by textiles created by the artists especially for the exhibit. [41] (#cite_note-41) The third project supported by the Shep Endowment in 2010 was the publication of a book, Nini Towok's Spinning Wheel: Cloth and the Cycle of Life in Kerek, Java by Rens Heringa, and the concurrent presentation of an exhibit of the same name. [42] (#cite_note-42) [43] (#cite_note-43) [44] (#cite_note-44) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "OBITUARY Robert Lee Shep" (https://obituaries.neptune-society.com/obituaries/belmont-ca/robert-shep-11074659) . Neptune Society of Northern California . Retrieved 14 September 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "The Adjutant 1950". Carlsbad, California: Corps of Cadets, Army and Navy Academy. Phoenix, Arizona: Tyler Printing Company: Year Book Division, 1950. pp. 14-15, 17-18, 30, 73. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Robert Lee Shep." Who's Who in America , 59th edition. VIP Number: 00328926. New Providence, NJ: Marquis Who's Who, 2005. ^ (#cite_ref-thunderbird1961_4-0) Thunderbird 1961 . Phoenix, AZ: Tyler Printing Company, Year Book Division. p.48. ^ Jump up to: a b Naga Textiles with Robb Shep, Meeting Announcement (http://www.seattletextileandrugsociety.org/Meeting%20Archives/2003-2004/Robb%20Shep%20~%20Naga%20Textiles.htm) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20120322183518/http://www.seattletextileandrugsociety.org/Meeting%20Archives/2003-2004/Robb%20Shep%20~%20Naga%20Textiles.htm) 2012-03-22 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) . Seattle Textile and Rug Society (STARS). Accessed 13 November 2010. ^ Jump up to: a b "Temples & Textiles of Northern India" (http://www.seattletextileandrugsociety.org/Meeting%20Archives/1999-1998/Robb%20Shep%20~%20Temple%20and%20Textiles%20in%20NE%20India.htm) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20120322183533/http://www.seattletextileandrugsociety.org/Meeting%20Archives/1999-1998/Robb%20Shep%20~%20Temple%20and%20Textiles%20in%20NE%20India.htm) 2012-03-22 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) . Seattle Textile and Rug Society (STARS). Accessed 13 November 2011. ^ Jump up to: a b Notice, "House Tour Featuring the Ikat Collections of Robb Shep and Irene Joshi" (http://www.seattletextileandrugsociety.org/Meeting%20Archives/2001-2000/Robb%20Shep%20and%20Irene%20Joshi%20~%20Ikat%20Collection%20House%20Tour.htm) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20120322183509/http://www.seattletextileandrugsociety.org/Meeting%20Archives/2001-2000/Robb%20Shep%20and%20Irene%20Joshi%20~%20Ikat%20Collection%20House%20Tour.htm) 2012-03-22 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) Seattle Textile and Rug Society (STARS). Accessed 13 November 2010. ^ (#cite_ref-8) Shep, R. L. "Foreword." The Victorian Tailor: An Introduction to Period Tailoring . By Jason Maclochlainn. London: Batsford, an imprint of Anova Books (2011). p.7. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Review: Kennedy, John (1992). Australian Library Review 9:339-340 ^ (#cite_ref-10) Review: Beard, J. C. (1992). Library Association Record 94:199 ^ (#cite_ref-11) Review: Gluckman, Dale (1987). Ornament 10:28 ^ Jump up to: a b c Review: Seligman, Kevin L. (1988). Dress 14:89-90 ^ (#cite_ref-13) Review: Seligman, Kevin L. (1989). Costume 23:127 ^ (#cite_ref-14) Review: Brooks-Myers, Inez (1990). Dress : 16:93-95 ^ (#cite_ref-15) Review: Cariou, Gail (1994). Costume 28:128-129 ^ (#cite_ref-16) Review: Wong, S. (1994). New and forthcoming. TCI: Theatre Crafts International , 28(3), 60. ^ (#cite_ref-17) Review: Casey, Ellen Miller (1998). TD&T 34.2:62-63 ^ (#cite_ref-18) Review: Cleveland, Debra Regan (1997). Dress 24:81-82 ^ (#cite_ref-19) Review: Cleveland, Debra Regan (1997). Dress 24:82-83 ^ (#cite_ref-20) Review: Edwards, Lesley (1999). Costume 33:146-147 ^ (#cite_ref-21) Review: Barbour, David, and Natalie Zmuda (2001). Men's Wearhouse. (books & videos) . Entertainment Design Sept. 2001: 45. ^ (#cite_ref-22) An Index to Book Reviews in the Humanities (January/March 1981-1984). Williamston, Mich. & P. Thomson, publishers. ^ (#cite_ref-23) Markels, Bobby. Interview: R.L. Shep. Caspar, California: Coast Arts (1997). pp. 1, 3. ^ (#cite_ref-24) Rags: Quarterly Review of Costume, Clothing & Ethnic Textile Books (1989-1997). R.L. Shep, editor & contributor. Mendocino, CA: R.L. Shep. ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Two-Day Symposium on Tradition and Fusion: The Arts of Noh and Kyogen Theater" (http://www.international.ucla.edu/japan/events/showevent.asp?eventid=410) . UCLA . Retrieved August 29, 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) Miracles & Mischief: Noh and Kyogen Theater in Japan Past Exhibitions: Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA). Accessed 20 April 2011. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20100720222817/http://www.lacma.org/art/exhibition/Past/noh/miracles.htm) July 20, 2010, at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-27) Takeda, Sharon Sadako, Monica Bethe, et al . Miracles & Mischief: Noh and Kyogen Theater in Japan (2002). Los Angeles: Agency for Cultural Affairs, Government of Japan. ^ (#cite_ref-28) "The Fourth R.L. Shep Triennial Symposium on Textiles and Dress" (http://arthistory.ucr.edu/news_events/regional/1018symposium.pdf) (PDF) . UCR . Retrieved August 29, 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) "Symposium: Talking Cloth—New Studies on Indonesian Textiles." (http://www.lacma.org/events/LecturesArchive.aspx) LACMA Talks & Courses :Archived Talks (2008). Accessed 20 March 2011. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20100720215336/http://www.lacma.org/events/LecturesArchive.aspx) July 20, 2010, at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-30) Barnes, Ruth. Five Centuries of Indonesian Textiles: Selections from the Mary Hunt Kahlenberg Collection . Ruth Barnes and Mary Hunt Kahlenberg, ed. Prestel: Verlagsgruppe Random House GmbH, 2008. ^ (#cite_ref-31) Reichle, Natasha (2008). Hali , 158:125 ^ (#cite_ref-32) Fashioning Fashion: European Dress in Detail, 1700–1915 . LACMA: Art Exhibitions (2011). Accessed 20 March 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-33) "LACMA fashions a new reputation." (http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/culturemonster/2009/01/lacma-fashions.html) Culture Monster: L.A.Times Online (2 January 2009). Accessed April 20, 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-34) Fashioning Fashion: European Dress in Detail, 1700–1915 . LACMA: Art Exhibitions (2011). Accessed 20 March 2011. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20100720213137/http://www.lacma.org/programs/LecturesArchive.aspx) July 20, 2010, at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-35) Takeda, Sharon Sadako, Kaye Durland Spilker. Fashioning fashion: European dress in detail, 1700-1915 . Preface by John Galliano. Essay by Kimberly Chrisman-Campbell. Contributions by Kimberly Chrisman-Campbell, Clarissa M. Esguerra, and Nicole LaBouff. Los Angeles County Museum of Art; Munich & New York: DelMonico Books/Prestel (2010). ^ (#cite_ref-36) "Sherry and Naheed awarded for scholarly excellence" (http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2007\12\06\story_6-12-2007_pg7_18) . Daily Times . 6 December 2007 . Retrieved August 29, 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-37) The Annual R. L. Shep Ethnic Textiles Book Award (http://www.textilesociety.org/awards_shep.htm) . Textile Society of America (2011). Accessed 24 April 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-38) Atasoy, Nurhan. Otag-I Humayun: The Ottoman Imperial Tent Complex . Istanbul: MEPA (Medya Pazarlama Taskin ve Ticaret, A.S.) (1999). ^ (#cite_ref-39) "Material Choices: Bast and Leaf Fiber Textiles" (http://www.fowler.ucla.edu/exhibitions/material-choices) . Fowler . Retrieved August 29, 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-refashioning2006_40-0) Hamilton, Roy W. and B. Lynne Milgram. Material Choices: Refashioning Bast and Leaf Fibers in Asia and the Pacific. Los Angeles: The Fowler Museum at UCLA (2006). ^ (#cite_ref-41) Ravel Abarbanel, Stacey. "Two Fowler exhibits showcase women's textile traditions of Southeast Asia" (http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/two-fowler-exhibitions-showcase-159237.aspx) . UCLA . Retrieved August 28, 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-42) Abarbanel, Stacey Ravel. Fowler Museum presents 'Nick Cave: Meet Me at the Center of the Earth,' Jan 10–May 30, 2010 (http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/fowler-museum-presents-the-traveling-111442.aspx) , UCLA Newsroom (23 October 2009). Accessed 20 January 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-43) Weavers’ Stories from Island Southeast Asia , Fowler Museum at UCLA (2010). Accessed 20 January 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-44) Heringa, Rens. Nini Towok's Spinning Wheel: Cloth and the Cycle of Life in Kerek, Java . Los Angeles: Fowler Museum of Cultural History at UCLA with funding assistance from the R.L. Shep Endowment, 2010. 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New York City-based menswear brand Paul Evans Company type Private Industry E-commerce (/wiki/E-commerce) , footwear (/wiki/Footwear) Founded August 2013 Founders Evan Fript Headquarters United States (/wiki/United_States) Area served International Products Designer men's shoes Website www (http://www.paulevansny.com) .paulevansny (http://www.paulevansny.com) .com (http://www.paulevansny.com) Paul Evans is a digitally-native New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) -based menswear brand, best known for its collection of luxury footwear. [1] (#cite_note-esquire-1) The company was founded by Evan Fript and Benjamin Earley in 2012. [2] (#cite_note-details-2) It is vertically integrated (/wiki/Vertical_integration) and sells internationally into 100 countries around the world, directly to consumers (/wiki/Direct_selling) online (/wiki/E-commerce) . [2] (#cite_note-details-2) The shoes are handmade in Naples, Italy (/wiki/Naples,_Italy) . [3] (#cite_note-observer-3) [4] (#cite_note-huffpost-4) History [ edit ] Evan Fript and Benjamin Earley began their careers working in finance in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . [5] (#cite_note-bizinsider-5) The idea for the brand originated as the two realized how expensive traditional men's luxury shoes were and how few brand options existed. [6] (#cite_note-robb-6) Fript and Earley founded the Paul Evans brand in 2012, [7] (#cite_note-effort-7) and launched the e-commerce (/wiki/E-commerce) website in August 2013. [8] (#cite_note-modern-8) The company received seed funding from a group of young investors in 2013 to fund the first few factory orders. [8] (#cite_note-modern-8) Fript and Earley looked at different European manufacturers in Spain (/wiki/Spain) , Italy (/wiki/Italy) and Portugal (/wiki/Portugal) , and selected a family-owned factory in Naples that produces other internationally known brands in the industry. [2] (#cite_note-details-2) Description [ edit ] Paul Evans is a vertically integrated menswear brand that sells its Italian luxury footwear internationally directly to the consumer. The brand first released three cap-toe oxfords, including the Brando, the Cagney and the Grant, all made from Italian calfskin (/wiki/Calfskin) . [3] (#cite_note-observer-3) In 2014, the brand introduced three additional styles including the Stewart penny loafer, the Martin whole-cut oxford and the Chaplin suede tassel loafer. [9] (#cite_note-stylepro2-9) By 2015, the company produced 16 styles of men's shoes. [10] (#cite_note-10) Paul Evans' shoes have been featured by Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) , [11] (#cite_note-11) Refinery29 (/wiki/Refinery29) , [12] (#cite_note-12) and Esquire Magazine (/wiki/Esquire_(magazine)) . [1] (#cite_note-esquire-1) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Max Berlinger (14 November 2013). "Shoe Porn: Paul Evans Semi-Brogues" (http://www.esquire.com/blogs/mens-fashion/paul-evans-semi-brogue-111413) . Esquire Magazine . Retrieved 23 November 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Katie Chang (5 May 2014). "Rules of Shoes: Paul Evans' Founders Ben Earley and Evan Fript on How to Buy and Care For Your Kicks" (http://www.details.com/blogs/daily-details/2014/05/rules-of-shoes-paul-evans-founders-ben-early-and-evan-fript-on-how-to-buy-and-care-for-your-kicks.html) . Details . Retrieved 23 November 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b Marissa Mule (1 August 2014). "Paul Evans Shoes Take a Step in the Right Direction" (https://observer.com/2014/08/paul-evans-shoes-take-a-step-in-the-right-direction/) . New York Observer . Retrieved 23 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-huffpost_4-0) "Men: When It Comes To Being Stylish, Start With Your Shoes" (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ben-earley/men-when-it-comes-to-bein_b_5884292.html) . Huffington Post. 26 September 2014 . Retrieved 23 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-bizinsider_5-0) Linette Lopez (/wiki/Linette_Lopez) (10 June 2014). "Two Finance Guys Have Created The Ultimate Solution For Men's Shoes" (http://www.businessinsider.com/paul-evans-shoes-2014-6) . Business Insider . Retrieved 23 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-robb_6-0) Jill Newman (21 August 2014). "Paul Evans Puts Its Best Foot Forward" (http://robbreport.com/fashion/paul-evans-puts-its-best-foot-forward) . Robb Report . Retrieved 23 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-effort_7-0) "Take A Walk in Paul Evans' Handsome Shoes" (http://effortlessgent.com/paul-evans/) . Effortless Gent. 2013 . Retrieved 23 November 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Digital Menswear Startup Paul Evans Looks to Bring Down the Cost of Luxury Dress Shoes" (http://www.modernfellows.com/paul-evans-dress-shoes/) . Modern Fellows. 14 March 2014 . Retrieved 23 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-stylepro2_9-0) Sabir M Peele (3 June 2014). "Paul Evans Shoes Launches S/S '14 Collection" (http://mensstylepro.com/2014/06/03/msp-daily-paul-evans-shoes-launches-ss-14-collection/) . MSP Daily . Men's StylePro . Retrieved 23 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Start-up thinks outside the (shoe)box" (https://www.cnbc.com/2015/01/27/start-up-thinks-outside-the-shoebox-with-top-menswear.html) . CNBC. January 28, 2015 . Retrieved November 19, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Larry Olmsted (November 29, 2014). "Holiday Gift Guide For Fitness; Good Living" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/larryolmsted/2014/11/29/holiday-gift-guide-for-fitness-good-living/) . Forbes . Retrieved November 19, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "33 Gifts For Every Man In Your Life" (https://www.refinery29.com/gifts-for-men#slide-16) . Refinery29 . Retrieved November 19, 2015 . External links [ edit ] Official Website (http://www.paulevansny.com/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐66546ff478‐gjnzd Cached time: 20240712194852 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.316 seconds Real time usage: 0.408 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1616/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 26718/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1326/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 46883/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.201/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6034533/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 381.102 1 -total 42.19% 160.785 1 Template:Reflist 36.54% 139.256 12 Template:Cite_web 32.84% 125.148 1 Template:Infobox_company 30.01% 114.376 1 Template:Infobox 22.44% 85.508 1 Template:Short_description 12.31% 46.898 2 Template:Pagetype 5.55% 21.148 7 Template:Main_other 4.70% 17.912 1 Template:SDcat 4.51% 17.200 1 Template:Unbulleted_list Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:44490801-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712194852 and revision id 1161210495. 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Taiwanese women who worked as fashion designers (/wiki/Fashion_designer) . Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Taiwan portal (/wiki/Portal:Taiwan) This is a non-diffusing subcategory (/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization#Non-diffusing_subcategories) of Category:Taiwanese fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Taiwanese_fashion_designers) . It includes Taiwanese fashion designers that can also be found in the parent category, or in diffusing subcategories of the parent. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐844cd986b8‐nc799 Cached time: 20240722144100 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.074 seconds Real time usage: 0.106 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 137/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 4023/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 305/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3351/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.043/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 937569/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 91.802 1 -total 45.88% 42.122 1 Template:Portal 40.77% 37.425 1 Template:Non-diffusing 32.46% 29.802 1 Template:Cmbox 13.16% 12.083 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 10.16% 9.323 2 Template:Category_other 7.33% 6.732 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 5.03% 4.617 1 Template:Single_namespace 1.59% 1.458 1 Template:Template_other 1.24% 1.135 1 Template:Clear Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:72304334-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722144100 and revision id 1177799448. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Taiwanese women fashion designers" The following 2 pages are in this category, out of 2 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . T Jolin Tsai (/wiki/Jolin_Tsai) W Wang Chen Tsai-Hsia (/wiki/Wang_Chen_Tsai-Hsia) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Taiwanese_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1177799448 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Taiwanese_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1177799448) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Taiwanese fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Taiwanese_fashion_designers) Taiwanese women artists (/wiki/Category:Taiwanese_women_artists) Women fashion designers by nationality (/wiki/Category:Women_fashion_designers_by_nationality) Hidden categories: Wikipedia non-diffusing subcategories (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_non-diffusing_subcategories) Automatic category TOC generates no TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_no_TOC) |
American model, actor Isaiah Hill Born Isaiah Rahsaan Hill ( 2002-10-02 ) October 2, 2002 (age 21) South Orange, New Jersey (/wiki/South_Orange,_New_Jersey) , U.S. Occupations Model actor Years active 2021–present Relatives Lauryn Hill (/wiki/Lauryn_Hill) (aunt) YG Marley (/wiki/YG_Marley) (cousin) Selah Marley (/wiki/Selah_Marley) (cousin) Isaiah Rahsaan Hill (born October 2, 2002) is an American model and actor. He is known for his role as Jace Carson in the Apple TV+ (/wiki/Apple_TV%2B) series Swagger (/wiki/Swagger_(TV_series)) , a character loosely based on Kevin Durant (/wiki/Kevin_Durant) . Life and career [ edit ] Isaiah Hill was born in South Orange, New Jersey (/wiki/South_Orange,_New_Jersey) . His father Malaney Hill, is the brother of musician and actress Lauryn Hill (/wiki/Lauryn_Hill) , and his mother Felicia, is a marketer. [1] (#cite_note-1) His cousins are model Selah Marley (/wiki/Selah_Marley) and reggae artist YG Marley (/wiki/YG_Marley) . As a child, he made a brief appearance on the American television series Sesame Street . [2] (#cite_note-2) Growing up, he aspired to be a professional basketball player. [3] (#cite_note-3) He initially played high school basketball for Union Catholic Regional High School (/wiki/Union_Catholic_Regional_High_School) in Scotch Plains, New Jersey (/wiki/Scotch_Plains,_New_Jersey) , prior to playing for Columbia High School (/wiki/Columbia_High_School_(New_Jersey)) after he transferred to the school during his senior year. [4] (#cite_note-4) In 2021, Hill landed his first official acting role as Jace Carson, a character loosely based on the life of basketball player Kevin Durant (/wiki/Kevin_Durant) in the Apple TV+ (/wiki/Apple_TV%2B) sports drama Swagger . [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) The series ran for two seasons. [7] (#cite_note-7) In 2022, he won the award for Best Ensemble at the African-American Film Critics Association (/wiki/African-American_Film_Critics_Association) TV Awards, as part of the cast. [8] (#cite_note-8) BET (/wiki/BET) placed Hill on their inaugural Young Black Hollywood Stars to Watch list. [9] (#cite_note-9) Filmography [ edit ] Year Title Role Notes Ref. 2021–2023 Swagger (/wiki/Swagger_(TV_series)) Jace Carson Main role TBA One Spoon of Chocolate (/wiki/One_Spoon_of_Chocolate) TBA Post-production References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Muhonji, Muhunya (2024-02-13). "Isaiah Hill's age, height, parents, movies and TV shows" (https://www.legit.ng/ask-legit/biographies/1577206-isaiah-hills-age-height-parents-movies-tv-shows/) . Legit.ng - Nigeria news . Retrieved 2024-02-22 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Moore, Camille (2021-12-11). "Isaiah Hill: 10 Intriguing Facts About the Swagger Star" (https://tvovermind.com/isaiah-hill/) . TVovermind . Retrieved 2024-02-22 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Jones, Jason. "Isaiah Hill from Kevin Durant's 'Swagger': He's 'an actor who can play basketball' (https://theathletic.com/4676724/2023/07/20/isaiah-hill-kevin-durant-basketball-apple-tv-swagger/) " (https://theathletic.com/4676724/2023/07/20/isaiah-hill-kevin-durant-basketball-apple-tv-swagger/) . The Athletic . Retrieved 2024-02-22 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Kuperinsky, Amy (2021-10-28). "Isaiah Hill has that 'Swagger.' Kevin Durant's Apple basketball series stars N.J. teen" (https://nj.com/entertainment/2021/10/isaiah-hill-has-that-swagger-kevin-durants-apple-basketball-series-stars-nj-teen.html) . nj . Retrieved 2024-02-22 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Isaiah Hill Has 'Swagger' In His First-Ever Acting Role" (https://www.essence.com/entertainment/isaiah-hill-swagger/) . Essence . 2021-10-28 . Retrieved 2024-02-22 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Marsh, Calum (2023-06-27). "How 'Swagger' Raised Its Game" (https://www.nytimes.com/2023/06/27/arts/television/swagger-season-2.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2024-02-22 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) " (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/swagger-canceled-apple-tv-2-seasons-1235702128/) 'Swagger' Canceled After Two Seasons on Apple TV+" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/swagger-canceled-apple-tv-2-seasons-1235702128/) . The Hollywood Reporter . 2023-11-30 . Retrieved 2024-02-22 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Apple's acclaimed dramas "Swagger" and "Pachinko" earn AAFCA TV Honors" (https://www.apple.com/tv-pr/news/2022/07/apples-acclaimed-dramas-swagger-and-pachinko-earn-aafca-tv-honors/) . Apple TV+ Press . Retrieved 2024-02-22 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "22 Young Rising Black Hollywood Stars to Watch in 2022" (https://www.bet.com/article/op0s0p/22-young-rising-black-hollywood-stars-to-watch-2022) . BET . Retrieved 2024-02-22 . External links [ edit ] Isaiah Hill (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm10978655/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐hkqz7 Cached time: 20240720171729 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.404 seconds Real time usage: 0.591 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2098/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 20798/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1570/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 37551/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.229/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6189468/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 569.197 1 -total 35.28% 200.787 1 Template:Infobox_person 27.78% 158.130 1 Template:Short_description 27.30% 155.396 1 Template:Reflist 22.44% 127.735 8 Template:Cite_web 17.37% 98.871 18 Template:Main_other 13.21% 75.183 1 Template:SDcat 11.08% 63.076 2 Template:Pagetype 10.48% 59.641 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 9.35% 53.234 4 Template:Br_separated_entries Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:76050231-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720171729 and revision id 1235687822. 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Exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum of Art In America: An Anthology of Fashion is the 2022 high fashion (/wiki/High_fashion) art exhibition (/wiki/Art_exhibition) of the Anna Wintour Costume Center (/wiki/Anna_Wintour_Costume_Center) , a wing of the Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) (MMA) which houses the collection of the Costume Institute (/wiki/Costume_Institute) . It is the piece of a two-part exhibit that explores fashion in the United States. This exhibit highlights stylistic narratives and histories of the American Wing Period. Each immersive period rooms reflect America from the 1700s to the 1970s and captures men's and women's fashion. The rooms also display America's domestic life and the influences of cultures, politics, and style at each period. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) Within the rooms are a series of focused narratives that reflect larger developments, such as the emergence of an identifiable American style and the rise of the named designer as an individual recognized for their distinct creative vision. In this way, Anthology also provides a historical grounding for the companion exhibition, In America: A Lexicon of Fashion—currently on view in the Anna Wintour Costume Center (Galleries 980 and 981)—which offers an expansive reflection on defining qualities of fashion in the United States. The installations take the form of cinematic vignettes that enliven the stories and highlight the intimate and immersive aspects of the rooms. These fictional tableaux were created by nine film directors: Radha Blank, Janicza Bravo, Sofia Coppola, Julie Dash, Tom Ford, Regina King, Martin Scorsese, Autumn de Wilde, and Chloe Zhao. Seven “case studies” offer in-depth, forensic analyses of individual costumes that function as connecting threads. Together, they comprise an anthology that challenges and complicates received histories, offering a more nuanced and less monolithic reading of American fashion, and American culture more broadly. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "American Wing Period Rooms" (https://www.metmuseum.org/about-the-met/collection-areas/the-american-wing/period-rooms) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "In America: An Anthology of Fashion" (https://www.metmuseum.org/exhibitions/listings/2022/in-america-anthology) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Everything You Need to Know About the 2022 Met Gala" (https://www.vogue.com/article/everything-to-know-met-gala-guide) . Vogue . March 29, 2022. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Friedman, Vanessa; Tillet, Salamishah (May 6, 2022). "The Multi-Layered Movie of American Fashion" (https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/06/arts/design/in-america-anthology-fashion-met-museum-review.html) . The New York Times – via NYTimes.com. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Linde, Matthew (June 14, 2022). " (https://www.frieze.com/article/in-america-anthology-metropolitan-musem-2022) 'In America: An Anthology of Fashion' Dresses Up the Metropolitan Museum" (https://www.frieze.com/article/in-america-anthology-metropolitan-musem-2022) . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Jacobs, Laura (May 14, 2022). " (https://www.wsj.com/articles/in-america-an-anthology-of-fashion-review-tableau-settings-in-america-an-anthology-of-fashion-metropolitan-museum-of-art-claire-mccardell-chloe-zhao-bill-blass-stephen-burrows-halston-anne-klein-oscar-de-la-renta-julie-dash-ann-lowe-sofia-coppola-rachel-feinstein-john-currin-martin-scorsese-frank-lloyd-wright-geoffrey-beene-gene-tierney-charles-james-11652471948) 'In America: An Anthology of Fashion' Review: Tableau Settings" (https://www.wsj.com/articles/in-america-an-anthology-of-fashion-review-tableau-settings-in-america-an-anthology-of-fashion-metropolitan-museum-of-art-claire-mccardell-chloe-zhao-bill-blass-stephen-burrows-halston-anne-klein-oscar-de-la-renta-julie-dash-ann-lowe-sofia-coppola-rachel-feinstein-john-currin-martin-scorsese-frank-lloyd-wright-geoffrey-beene-gene-tierney-charles-james-11652471948) . Wall Street Journal – via www.wsj.com. ^ (#cite_ref-7) Feitelberg, Rosemary (May 2, 2022). "Lights, Camera, Fashion: 'In America: An Anthology of Fashion' Opens at the Met" (https://wwd.com/eye/lifestyle/in-america-an-anthology-of-fashion-the-met-1235170411/) . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Meter, William Van (May 3, 2022). "The Met's New Costume Institute Show Puts a Cinematic Spin on American Fashion, With a Little Help From Martin Scorsese" (https://news.artnet.com/style/met-takes-cinematic-look-back-costume-exhibition-2107521) . Artnet News . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "See The Met's Latest Exhibition, Which Boldly Mixes Fashion and Frank Lloyd Wright" (https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/see-the-mets-latest-exhibition-which-boldly-mixes-fashion-and-frank-lloyd-wright) . Architectural Digest . May 4, 2022. ^ (#cite_ref-10) "The hidden figures of American fashion history" (https://www.ft.com/content/395d9cc4-03dd-4c7d-b649-230dac0ef5d4) . Financial Times . 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The main article for this category (/wiki/Help:Categories) is Anthropometry (/wiki/Anthropometry) . Wikimedia Commons has media related to Anthropometry (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Anthropometry) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐p2slt Cached time: 20240721024529 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.061 seconds Real time usage: 0.092 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 135/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2857/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 302/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1528/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.036/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1057982/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 82.666 1 -total 58.14% 48.061 1 Template:Commons_cat 54.51% 45.059 1 Template:Sister_project 52.58% 43.466 1 Template:Side_box 41.67% 34.445 1 Template:Cat_main 5.13% 4.240 1 Template:Replace Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:3531584-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721024529 and revision id 728462662. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 5 subcategories, out of 5 total. B Body shape (/wiki/Category:Body_shape) (8 C, 43 P) F Fingerprints (/wiki/Category:Fingerprints) (36 P, 2 F) H Human size (/wiki/Category:Human_size) (2 C, 4 P) M Medical imaging (/wiki/Category:Medical_imaging) (20 C, 168 P, 1 F) S Sizes in clothing (/wiki/Category:Sizes_in_clothing) (1 C, 20 P) Pages in category "Anthropometry" The following 45 pages are in this category, out of 45 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . Anthropometry (/wiki/Anthropometry) * Anthropometric history (/wiki/Anthropometric_history) History of anthropometry (/wiki/History_of_anthropometry) 0–9 3D body scanning (/wiki/3D_body_scanning) A Aline Systems (/wiki/Aline_Systems) American Anthropometric Society (/wiki/American_Anthropometric_Society) Anthropometry of the upper arm (/wiki/Anthropometry_of_the_upper_arm) Ape index (/wiki/Ape_index) Arm span (/wiki/Arm_span) B Alphonse Bertillon (/wiki/Alphonse_Bertillon) Bioelectrical impedance analysis (/wiki/Bioelectrical_impedance_analysis) Brain of Vladimir Lenin (/wiki/Brain_of_Vladimir_Lenin) Brannock Device (/wiki/Brannock_Device) Breast measurement (/wiki/Breast_measurement) Bustline (/wiki/Bustline) C Clitoral index (/wiki/Clitoral_index) Constitution type (/wiki/Constitution_type) Craniometry (/wiki/Craniometry) D Digit ratio (/wiki/Digit_ratio) E Endocast (/wiki/Endocast) F Facial Angles (Camper) (/wiki/Facial_Angles_(Camper)) Facial symmetry (/wiki/Facial_symmetry) G Francis Galton (/wiki/Francis_Galton) H Human body weight (/wiki/Human_body_weight) Human height (/wiki/Human_height) Human vaginal size (/wiki/Human_vaginal_size) Hydrostatic weighing (/wiki/Hydrostatic_weighing) N Neutral body posture (/wiki/Neutral_body_posture) P Pedobarography (/wiki/Pedobarography) Pignet Index (/wiki/Pignet_Index) Popliteal height (/wiki/Popliteal_height) Pupillary distance (/wiki/Pupillary_distance) S Jay Webber Seaver (/wiki/Jay_Webber_Seaver) William Herbert Sheldon (/wiki/William_Herbert_Sheldon) Shoe size (/wiki/Shoe_size) SizeChina (/wiki/SizeChina) Sleep–wake activity inventory (/wiki/Sleep%E2%80%93wake_activity_inventory) Somatotype and constitutional psychology (/wiki/Somatotype_and_constitutional_psychology) T Arthur Thomson (anatomist) (/wiki/Arthur_Thomson_(anatomist)) V Vocal range (/wiki/Vocal_range) Von Luschan's chromatic scale (/wiki/Von_Luschan%27s_chromatic_scale) W Waist–hip ratio (/wiki/Waist%E2%80%93hip_ratio) Waist-to-height ratio (/wiki/Waist-to-height_ratio) World Engineering Anthropometry Resource (/wiki/World_Engineering_Anthropometry_Resource) X X-seam (/wiki/X-seam) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Anthropometry&oldid=728462662 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Anthropometry&oldid=728462662) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Biometrics (/wiki/Category:Biometrics) Biological anthropology (/wiki/Category:Biological_anthropology) Ergonomics (/wiki/Category:Ergonomics) Forensic disciplines (/wiki/Category:Forensic_disciplines) Human anatomy (/wiki/Category:Human_anatomy) Human body (/wiki/Category:Human_body) Measurement (/wiki/Category:Measurement) Hidden category: Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata) |
French model (born 1991) Anais Mali Mali at the 2014 New York Fashion Week Born ( 1991-01-22 ) 22 January 1991 (age 33) Toulon (/wiki/Toulon) , France Occupation Model Modeling information Height 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) Hair color Brown Eye color Brown Agency Next Model Management (/wiki/Next_Model_Management) (worldwide) [1] (#cite_note-1) Anais Mokngar Mali (born 22 January 1991) is a French model. [2] (#cite_note-lat2017-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) She has modeled and walked the runway for fashion brands such as Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) , Vera Wang (/wiki/Vera_Wang) , and Derek Lam (/wiki/Derek_Lam) . [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) Early life [ edit ] Anais Mokngar Mali was born in Toulon (/wiki/Toulon) on 22 January 1991, [5] (#cite_note-essence2011-5) the daughter of a Chadian mother and a Polish father. [5] (#cite_note-essence2011-5) Career [ edit ] Mali on the runway for Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors) , S/S 2014 during New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) In 2009, Mali signed with Wilhelmina Models (/wiki/Wilhelmina_Models) . [6] (#cite_note-nymag-6) In July 2010, style.it featured Mali and proclaimed her as "a face to watch." [7] (#cite_note-7) In 2010 she left Wilhelmina Models (/wiki/Wilhelmina_Models) and signed with Ford Models (/wiki/Ford_Models) . In December 2010, she appeared in an Interview editorial alongside Melodie Monrose (/wiki/Melodie_Monrose) . In January 2011, she appeared in an Italian Vogue (/wiki/Italian_Vogue) editorial photographed by Steven Meisel (/wiki/Steven_Meisel) . [8] (#cite_note-8) In February 2011, she appeared in a Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) editorial, photographed by Mario Testino (/wiki/Mario_Testino) . [9] (#cite_note-9) In May 2011, she appeared in editorials for Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) , American, French, and Italian Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , V (/wiki/V_(American_magazine)) , and i-D (/wiki/I-D) , photographed by Richard Bush. [10] (#cite_note-10) In June 2016, she appeared in a Vogue Nippon (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) editorial titled "Anais Goes Glam", shot by Giampaolo Sgura (/wiki/Giampaolo_Sgura) . [11] (#cite_note-vogueja2016-11) In November 2016, she appeared in The Weeknd (/wiki/The_Weeknd) 's video Mania . [12] (#cite_note-v2016-12) The next year she collaborated with designer Urivaldo Lopes to develop and launch a line of bodysuits under the label Anaïs Bodysuits. [13] (#cite_note-vogue2017-13) Select modeling appearances [ edit ] 2009: L.A.M.B. (/wiki/L.A.M.B.) , Sophie Theallet (/wiki/Sophie_Theallet) , Betsey Johnson (/wiki/Betsey_Johnson) , Shiatzy Chen (/wiki/Shiatzy_Chen) , Vivienne Westwood (/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood) [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) 2010: Catherine Malandrino (/wiki/Catherine_Malandrino) , [14] (#cite_note-14) Cynthia Steffe, [15] (#cite_note-15) Rachel Roy (/wiki/Rachel_Roy) , Walter shows, J.Crew (/wiki/J.Crew) , Zink, Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) , Vera Wang (/wiki/Vera_Wang) , Derek Lam (/wiki/Derek_Lam) , Cynthia Rowley (/wiki/Cynthia_Rowley) , and Carolina Herrera (/wiki/Carolina_Herrera_(fashion_designer)) [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) 2011: Victoria's Secret Fashion Show (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show) [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Anais Mali" (https://www.nextmanagement.com/new-york/profile/anais-mali) . nextmanagement.com . Retrieved 2021-07-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-lat2017_2-0) Garced, Kristi (2017-01-30). "Model Anaïs Mali unveils collection of bodysuits" (http://www.latimes.com/fashion/la-ig-wwd-model-anais-maili-bodysuits-20170130-story.html) . Los Angeles Times (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times) . Retrieved 2019-01-23 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Journal, Dobrina Zhekova, National (2015-09-28). "Black Models Still Blocked from Some Runways" (https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2015/09/black-models-still-blocked-from-some-runways/432936/) . The Atlantic . Retrieved 2021-07-11 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) ) ^ Jump up to: a b c d "FAB Editorial: Anais Mali for Elle France « FAB BLOG" (http://fabmagazineonline.com/?p=90975) . FAB BLOG . Retrieved 2023-01-21 . ^ Jump up to: a b Williams, Tia (2011-06-15). "Model Behavior: Anais Mali" (https://www.essence.com/news/model-behavior-anais-mali/) . Essence (/wiki/Essence_(magazine)) . Retrieved 2011-08-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-nymag_6-0) "Anais Mali - Fashion Model" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110810030731/http://nymag.com/fashion/models/amali/anaismali/) . New York (/wiki/New_York_(magazine)) . Archived from the original (http://nymag.com/fashion/models/amali/anaismali/) on 2011-08-10 . Retrieved 2011-08-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Hardison, Bethann (2010-07-15). "Anais Mali: A Young and Fresh Personality" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110817210543/http://www.vogue.it/en/vogue-black/new-faces/2010/07/anais-mali) . Vogue Italia . Archived from the original (http://www.vogue.it/en/vogue-black/new-faces/2010/07/anais-mali) on 2011-08-17 . Retrieved 2011-08-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Ford Models Blog" (https://archive.today/20120708135356/http://fordmodelsblog.com/2011/01/27/anais-mali-vogue-italia-gennaio-2011/) . Ford Models Blog. 2011-01-27. Archived from the original (http://fordmodelsblog.com/2011/01/27/anais-mali-vogue-italia-gennaio-2011/) on 2012-07-08 . Retrieved 2011-08-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Snapshot: Anais Mali and Jourdan Dunn by Mario Testino for V Magazine # 70 « The Fashion Bomb Blog /// All Urban Fashion… All the Time - All Urban Fashion // All the Time" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110312020111/http://fashionbombdaily.com/2011/03/07/snapshot-anais-mali-and-jourdan-dunn-by-mario-testino-for-v-magazine-70/) . Fashionbombdaily.com. Archived from the original (http://fashionbombdaily.com/2011/03/07/snapshot-anais-mali-and-jourdan-dunn-by-mario-testino-for-v-magazine-70/) on 2011-03-12 . Retrieved 2011-08-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Anais Mali & Sigrid Agren par Richard Bush pour i-D ĂŠtĂŠ 2011 | Voyons Voir - J'aime le frivole" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110810062423/http://www.voyonsvoir.fr/2011/05/13/anais-mali-sigrid-agren-par-richard-bush-pour-i-d-ete-2011/) . Voyonsvoir.fr. Archived from the original (http://www.voyonsvoir.fr/2011/05/13/anais-mali-sigrid-agren-par-richard-bush-pour-i-d-ete-2011/) on 2011-08-10 . Retrieved 2011-08-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-vogueja2016_11-0) "スキャンダラスなグラムクイーン" (https://www.vogue.co.jp/fashion/fashionstories/theme/245) [Scandalous Glam Queen]. Vogue Nippon (in Japanese). 2016-04-27 . Retrieved 2019-01-23 . ^ (#cite_ref-v2016_12-0) Monroe, Ian David (2016-11-23). "Watch The Weeknd's Short Film 'Mania' with New Music from 'Starboy' (https://vmagazine.com/article/weeknd-releases-short-film-mania-new-music/) " (https://vmagazine.com/article/weeknd-releases-short-film-mania-new-music/) . V Magazine (/wiki/V_(American_magazine)) . Retrieved 2019-01-23 . ^ (#cite_ref-vogue2017_13-0) Okwodu, Janelle (2017-03-13). "Anais Mali on Confidence, Bodysuits, and French Girl Style" (https://www.vogue.com/article/anais-mali-bodysuits-collection-interview) . Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) . Retrieved 2019-01-23 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Catherine Malandrino Fall 2010 Ready-to-Wear Fashion Show" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/fall-2010-ready-to-wear/catherine-malandrino/slideshow/collection) . Vogue . Retrieved 2023-01-21 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Cynthia Steffe Fall 2010 Ready-to-Wear Fashion Show" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/fall-2010-ready-to-wear/cynthia-steffe/slideshow/collection) . Vogue . Retrieved 2023-01-21 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Anais Mali (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Anais_Mali) . Anais Mali (https://x.com/Anais_Mali) on X (/wiki/X_(social_network)) Anais Mali (https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/anais_mali/) at Fashion Model Directory (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) Anais Mali (https://models.com/models/anais-mali) on Models.com Anais Mali (https://archive.today/20140126115118/http://www.blackrunway.com/models/a/anais-mali/) at Blackrunway.com NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐52mxg Cached time: 20240720200816 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.454 seconds Real time usage: 0.589 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2950/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 41473/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3297/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 63316/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.288/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 9977331/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 546.933 1 -total 42.37% 231.747 1 Template:Infobox_model 29.48% 161.260 1 Template:Reflist 24.38% 133.318 14 Template:Cite_web 14.10% 77.119 1 Template:Short_description 7.68% 41.993 1 Template:Infobox 7.55% 41.279 2 Template:Pagetype 6.76% 36.999 1 Template:Flatlist 6.34% 34.697 20 Template:Main_other 6.24% 34.140 1 Template:Commons_category Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:32346010-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720200816 and revision id 1231266002. 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The main article for this category (/wiki/Help:Categories) is Asics (/wiki/Asics) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7ff7499668‐ngbcr Cached time: 20240716130906 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.027 seconds Real time usage: 0.042 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 9/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 364/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 3/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 326/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.014/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 627089/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 36.827 1 Template:Catmain 100.00% 36.827 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:49859982-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716130906 and revision id 919167964. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Asics" The following 8 pages are in this category, out of 8 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . Asics (/wiki/Asics) A Template:Asics (/wiki/Template:Asics) Asics Gel-Kayano 14 (/wiki/Asics_Gel-Kayano_14) Asics Gel-Lyte III (/wiki/Asics_Gel-Lyte_III) O Onitsuka Tiger (/wiki/Onitsuka_Tiger) Onitsuka Tiger Corsair (/wiki/Onitsuka_Tiger_Corsair) Onitsuka Tiger Mexico 66 (/wiki/Onitsuka_Tiger_Mexico_66) R Runkeeper (/wiki/Runkeeper) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Asics&oldid=919167964 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Asics&oldid=919167964) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Athletic shoe brands (/wiki/Category:Athletic_shoe_brands) Japanese brands (/wiki/Category:Japanese_brands) Manufacturing companies based in Kobe (/wiki/Category:Manufacturing_companies_based_in_Kobe) Multinational companies headquartered in Japan (/wiki/Category:Multinational_companies_headquartered_in_Japan) Shoe companies of Japan (/wiki/Category:Shoe_companies_of_Japan) Sporting goods manufacturers of Japan (/wiki/Category:Sporting_goods_manufacturers_of_Japan) Sportswear brands (/wiki/Category:Sportswear_brands) Hidden category: Wikipedia categories named after manufacturing companies of Japan (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_categories_named_after_manufacturing_companies_of_Japan) |
Not to be confused with John Akehurst (British Army officer) (/wiki/John_Akehurst_(British_Army_officer)) . American photographer The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's general notability guideline (/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability) . Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing reliable secondary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) that are independent (/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources) of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be merged (/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging) , redirected (/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect) , or deleted (/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy) . Find sources: "John Akehurst" photographer (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22John+Akehurst%22+photographer) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22John+Akehurst%22+photographer+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22John+Akehurst%22+photographer&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22John+Akehurst%22+photographer+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22John+Akehurst%22+photographer) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22John+Akehurst%22+photographer&acc=on&wc=on) ( May 2023 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) John Akehurst is a photographer who specializes in fashion (/wiki/Fashion_photography) , beauty, and advertising (/wiki/Advertising) . [1] (#cite_note-FMD-1) Biography [ edit ] He studied mathematics at the University of Nottingham. [2] (#cite_note-Old_Skull-2) After graduation he moved to New York where worked as an assistant to Steven Meisel and Albert Watson (/wiki/Albert_Watson_(photographer)) . [1] (#cite_note-FMD-1) [2] (#cite_note-Old_Skull-2) He moved to London, eventually publishing the story "The Egg" in The Face (/wiki/The_Face_(magazine)) in 1997. [3] (#cite_note-3) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "John Akehurst" (https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/photographers/john-akehurst/) . Fashion Model Directory (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) . Fashion One Group . Retrieved June 21, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "John Akehurst" (https://www.oldskull.net/fotografia/john-akehurst/) . OldSkull.net (in Spanish). July 8, 2014 . Retrieved June 21, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Keany, Magdalene. The World's Top Photographers Workshops: Fashion & Advertising . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://www.johnakehurst.com/) John Akehurst (https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/photographers/john-akehurst/) at FMD (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) : Artists Photographers' Identities (https://pic.nypl.org/constituents/18839) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐bdcc7b545‐55cx2 Cached time: 20240715135003 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.299 seconds Real time usage: 0.522 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 832/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 21348/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1129/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 18020/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.209/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5010056/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 503.317 1 -total 28.35% 142.682 1 Template:Short_description 20.42% 102.759 1 Template:Reflist 20.24% 101.876 5 Template:Main_other 19.77% 99.507 1 Template:SDcat 16.73% 84.202 2 Template:Cite_web 16.51% 83.118 1 Template:Authority_control 13.85% 69.691 1 Template:Notability 12.50% 62.909 1 Template:Ambox 7.70% 38.753 1 Template:Distinguish Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:23520885-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715135003 and revision id 1181278059. 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Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Models should not be categorized by job. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐nv7dd Cached time: 20240713105427 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.040 seconds Real time usage: 0.053 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 13/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 674/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 3/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1041/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.022/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 630270/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 44.764 1 Template:Portal 100.00% 44.764 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:10647176-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713105427 and revision id 1191964274. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 10 subcategories, out of 10 total. A Adult models (/wiki/Category:Adult_models) (7 C, 1 P) Artists' models (/wiki/Category:Artists%27_models) (1 C, 6 P) C Child models (/wiki/Category:Child_models) (8 C, 19 P) F Fetish models (/wiki/Category:Fetish_models) (1 C, 3 P) Fitness models (/wiki/Category:Fitness_models) (33 P) G Game show models (/wiki/Category:Game_show_models) (43 P) H Hip hop models (/wiki/Category:Hip_hop_models) (24 P) P Plus-size models (/wiki/Category:Plus-size_models) (65 P) R Romance cover models (/wiki/Category:Romance_cover_models) (4 P) V Victoria's Secret Angels (/wiki/Category:Victoria%27s_Secret_Angels) (41 P) Pages in category "Models by type of modeling" This category contains only the following page. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . H Hand model (/wiki/Hand_model) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Models_by_type_of_modeling&oldid=1191964274 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Models_by_type_of_modeling&oldid=1191964274) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Models (profession) (/wiki/Category:Models_(profession)) People by type (/wiki/Category:People_by_type) |
Swimwear company in Victoria, Australian Way Funky Company Pty Ltd Company type Private (/wiki/Private_company_limited_by_shares) Industry Apparel industry (/wiki/Apparel_industry) Founded 2002 Founder Duncan McLean Headquarters Australia (/wiki/Australia) Area served Worldwide Products Swimwear (/wiki/Swimwear) Sportswear (/wiki/Sportswear_(activewear)) Website www (https://www.wayfunky.com/) .wayfunky (https://www.wayfunky.com/) .com (https://www.wayfunky.com/) Way Funky Company Pty Ltd (or Way Funky ) is an Australian swimwear (/wiki/Swimsuit) apparel manufacturing company based in Victoria (/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)) , Australia. It was founded in 2002 by Duncan McLean, [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) and specializes in colorful chlorine (/wiki/Chlorine) resistant sports swimwear. The company also produces competitive swimwear (/wiki/Competitive_swimwear) approved by FINA (/wiki/FINA) . [2] (#cite_note-2) Way Funky manages three distinct brands of swimwear: Funkita for ladies, girls and toddlers; Funky Trunks for men, boys and toddlers; and Kiargo , a separate fashion line for women. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) History [ edit ] Funky Trunks was launched in 2002, Funkita in 2004 and Kiargo in 2006. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) In the media [ edit ] Way Funky signed a deal with Australian male model Craig Barnett (/wiki/Craig_Barnett) in 2007 and was one of the first major brands to sign a major deal in March 2010 with an openly gay (/wiki/Homosexuality) athlete, namely the Australian Olympic gold medalist diver Matthew Mitcham (/wiki/Matthew_Mitcham) . Mitcham was announced as the new face of Funky Trunks . He will appear globally on advertising campaigns across Australia, Europe and the United States as the brand rapidly expands into international markets. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) He is also spokesman and "swimwear ambassador" for the brand. [6] (#cite_note-6) See also [ edit ] Companies portal (/wiki/Portal:Companies) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Australia portal (/wiki/Portal:Australia) List of swimwear brands (/wiki/List_of_swimwear_brands) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-:0_1-0) DivingNSW: Matthew Mitcham Dives Into (http://www.divingnsw.org.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=247:matthew-mitcham-dives-into-funky-trunks&catid=1&Itemid=19) Funky Trunks ^ (#cite_ref-2) "FINA Approved swimwear | fina.org - Official FINA website" (http://www.fina.org/content/fina-approved-swimwear) . www.fina.org . Retrieved 6 August 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b "About" (https://www.kiargo.com/content/23-about) . Kiargo Swimwear Australia . Retrieved 6 August 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) The Australian: Corporate world embracing Olympic gold medal winner Matthew Mitcham (http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/sport/corporate-world-embracing-olympic-gold-medal-winner-matthew-mitcham/story-e6frg7mf-1225847178548) ^ (#cite_ref-5) The Advocate: Matthew Mitcham: the World Is Not Enough (http://www.advocate.com/Sports/Matthew_Mitcham_The_World_Is_Not_Enough/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20100614210345/http://www.advocate.com/Sports/Matthew_Mitcham_The_World_Is_Not_Enough/) 2010-06-14 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-6) The Advocate : Matthew Mitcham, Swimwear Spokesman (http://www.advocate.com/News/Daily_News/2010/05/06/Matthew_Mitcham_Swimwear_Ammassador/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20100711104005/http://www.advocate.com/News/Daily_News/2010/05/06/Matthew_Mitcham_Swimwear_Ammassador/) 2010-07-11 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) External links [ edit ] Funky Trunks website (https://www.funkytrunks.com/) Funkita website (https://www.funkita.com/) Kiargo website (https://www.kiargo.com/) v t e Competitive swimwear (/wiki/Competitive_swimwear) Swimsuits Female suits Bodyskin (/wiki/Bodyskin) Kneeskin (/wiki/Kneeskin) Racerback (/wiki/Racerback) One-piece swimsuit (/wiki/One-piece_swimsuit) Male suits Bodyskin Jammers (/wiki/Jammer_(swimwear)) Kneeskin Legskin (/wiki/Legskin) Square leg suits (/wiki/Square_leg_suits) Swim briefs (/wiki/Swim_briefs) Materials High-technology swimwear (/wiki/High-technology_swimwear) Nylon (/wiki/Nylon) Polyurethane (/wiki/Polyurethane) Spandex (/wiki/Spandex) Accessories Earplug (/wiki/Earplug) Goggles (/wiki/Goggles) Noseclip (/wiki/Noseclip) Swim cap (/wiki/Swim_cap) Training gear Fistgloves (/wiki/Fistgloves) Hand paddle (/wiki/Hand_paddle) Pool float (/wiki/Pool_float) Pool noodle (/wiki/Pool_noodle) Pull buoy (/wiki/Pull_buoy) Swimfin (/wiki/Swimfin) Swimming machine (/wiki/Swimming_machine) Manufacturers Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) Agon (/wiki/AgonSwim) Arena (/wiki/Arena_(swimwear)) Delfina Sport (/wiki/Delfina_Sport) Dolfin (/wiki/Dolfin_Swimwear) Ellesse (/wiki/Ellesse) Head (/wiki/Head_(company)) Mizuno (/wiki/Mizuno_Corporation) Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) Orca (/wiki/Orca_(company)) Speedo (/wiki/Speedo) TYR (/wiki/TYR_Sport) Way Funky Zoggs (/wiki/Zoggs) Zoke (/wiki/Zoke) See also FINA (/wiki/FINA) History of competitive swimwear (/wiki/History_of_competitive_swimwear) v t e Sports equipment (/wiki/Sports_equipment) brands This list includes companies that produce sports equipment. 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You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Way_Funky&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐c85b9bc65‐vvrlm Cached time: 20240721165818 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.420 seconds Real time usage: 0.561 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1823/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 68975/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1513/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 33521/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.235/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5042969/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 433.816 1 -total 24.91% 108.043 1 Template:Reflist 22.87% 99.204 1 Template:Infobox_company 22.28% 96.670 3 Template:Navbox 20.48% 88.838 1 Template:Infobox 18.94% 82.151 1 Template:Competitive_swimwear 18.32% 79.495 1 Template:Cite_web 14.93% 64.764 1 Template:Short_description 9.26% 40.166 2 Template:Pagetype 5.67% 24.604 1 Template:Portal Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:27926694-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721165818 and revision id 1223437184. 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Add tags to your draft Editor resources Find sources: Google (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Toju+Foyeh%22) ( books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Toju+Foyeh%22+-wikipedia) · news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Toju+Foyeh%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Toju+Foyeh%22) · free images (https://www.google.com/search?safe=off&tbs=sur:fmc&tbm=isch&q=%22Toju+Foyeh%22+-site:wikipedia.org+-site:wikimedia.org) · WP refs (https://www.google.com/custom?hl=en&cx=007734830908295939403%3Agalkqgoksq0&cof=FORID%3A13%3BAH%3Aleft%3BCX%3AWikipedia%2520Reference%2520Search&q=%22Toju+Foyeh%22) ) · FENS (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Toju+Foyeh%22&acc=on&wc=on) · TWL (https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/search/?q=%22Toju+Foyeh%22) Easy tools : Citation bot (https://citations.toolforge.org/process_page.php?edit=automated_tools&slow=1&page=Draft:Toju_Foyeh) ( help (/wiki/User:Citation_bot/use) ) | Advanced: Fix bare URLs (https://tools.wmflabs.org/refill/result.php?page=Draft:Toju_Foyeh&defaults=y) Declined by Greenman (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Greenman) 31 days ago. Last edited by Segunaniman (/wiki/User:Segunaniman) 10 days ago. Reviewer: Inform author (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Segunaniman&action=edit&editintro=Template:AfC_submission/user_talk_editintro_declined&preload=Template:AfC_submission/user_talk_preload_declined&preloadtitle=Your+submission+at+%5B%5BWP%3AAfC%7CArticles+for+creation%5D%5D§ion=new) . This draft has been resubmitted and is currently awaiting re-review. Comment: See WP:AUTOBIO (/wiki/Wikipedia:AUTOBIO) , WP:COI (/wiki/Wikipedia:COI) . Entire sections unsourced. Statements, starting with the date of birth, need to be sourced or removed. Greenman (/wiki/User:Greenman) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Greenman) ) 11:54, 21 June 2024 (UTC) This page is about the fashion designer. For her eponymous brand, see Toju Foyeh (brand) (/w/index.php?title=Toju_Foyeh_(brand)&action=edit&redlink=1) . Toju Olowofoyeku Born Toluwaloju Jemima Olowofoyeku Alma mater Istituto Marangoni (/wiki/Istituto_Marangoni) , Milan, Italy (/wiki/Milan,_Italy) (diploma 2010) [1] (#cite_note-1) Occupation Fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) Label Toju Foyeh (/w/index.php?title=Toju_Foyeh&action=edit&redlink=1) (2010–present) Parent(s) Ayotunde Olowofoyeku (Father), Olufunmilola Osunsade (Mother) Website www.tojufoyeh.com (https://tojufoyeh/) Toju Olowofoyeku is a fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) of Nigerian descent into Haute Couture (/wiki/Haute_Couture) fashion [2] (#cite_note-2) . She has partnered with many public figures on the African Continent including South African (/wiki/South_African) First Lady (/wiki/First_Lady) Bongi Ngema-Zuma (/w/index.php?title=Bongi_Ngema-Zuma&action=edit&redlink=1) [3] (#cite_note-3) . A graduate of Istituto Marangoni (/wiki/Istituto_Marangoni) Milan, Italy with a diploma in Fashion Design, Toluwaloju also holds a Bachelors of Law (LLB) degree from the University of Reading (/wiki/University_of_Reading) , England and a Masters in Intellectual Property Law (LLM) from the University of Manchester (/wiki/University_of_Manchester) , [4] (#cite_note-4) . Olowofoyeku branched into Bridal wear with her Jemima Bridals by TF (/w/index.php?title=Jemima_Bridals_by_TF&action=edit&redlink=1) in 2016 [5] (#cite_note-5) and She was responsible for the Bridal Train (/wiki/Bridal_Train) of Nigerian Film Director Kemi Adetiba (/wiki/Kemi_Adetiba) 's Engagement and Civil Wedding. [6] (#cite_note-6) . Early life [ edit ] Toluwaloju Olowofoyeku was born on July 13, 1989 [7] (#cite_note-7) . She is the daughter of Funmilola (née Osunsade), who is a niece to Globacom (/wiki/Globacom) Chairman Mike Adenuga (/wiki/Mike_Adenuga) [8] (#cite_note-8) . University of Manchester Protestant Church After securing a Masters Degree (/wiki/Masters_Degree) in Law from The University of Manchester (/wiki/The_University_of_Manchester) Olowofoyeku enrolled at Istituto Marangoni (/wiki/Istituto_Marangoni) , in Milan where she honed her lifelong passion for fashion design [9] (#cite_note-9) . Fashion career [ edit ] Early career [ edit ] Toju Foyeh launched her first collection in Lagos, Nigeria at the Arise Fashion Week in December 2010 [10] (#cite_note-10) . She has graced magazine covers such as; Thisday Style [11] (#cite_note-11) , and has dressed A-list West African celebrities and VIP's including the First Lady of South Africa [12] (#cite_note-12) . In November 2020, Foyeh Launched the Toju Foyeh Institute, a fashion design School. [13] (#cite_note-13) Public image and legacy [ edit ] Toju Olowofoyeku has appeared on a number of magazine covers such as Exquisite Magazine [14] (#cite_note-14) and The Entrepreneur Africa [15] (#cite_note-15) . Olowofoyeku's fashion style is known to promote a mature and advanced yet youthfully charged image. She is known for fusing African tradition with modern trends for a grown up look [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) . She has secured a venerable (/wiki/Venerable) demographic and Her style can be said to incorporate the Yoruba tradition of itutu (/wiki/Itutu) [18] (#cite_note-18) In popular culture [ edit ] Adesua Etomi (/wiki/Adesua_Etomi) remains a regular patron of Toju Foyeh and is typically seen donning the brand at events [19] (#cite_note-19) In September 2013, Afro artist Tiwa Savage (/wiki/Tiwa_Savage) , who among others such as Adesua Etomi (/wiki/Adesua_Etomi) [20] (#cite_note-20) , Betty Irabor (/wiki/Betty_Irabor) , Agbani Darego (/wiki/Agbani_Darego) and Osas Ajibade (/w/index.php?title=Osas_Ajibade&action=edit&redlink=1) [21] (#cite_note-21) are clients of Toju Foyeh, released the song "Ileke" as a single from her album Once upon a time (/wiki/Once_upon_a_time) where Toju Foyeh was referenced [22] (#cite_note-22) . Awards [ edit ] To date Foyeh has been recognized by important design bodies and cultural councils in Nigeria, her main base of operation and West Africa. Awards she has been honored with include but are not limited to; Year Award Conferer 2012 "Best Designer of the year" [23] (#cite_note-23) The Future Awards 2015 "Designer of the Year" [24] (#cite_note-24) Exquisite Lady of The Year Awards(ELOY) 2016 "Fashion Designer of the year" [25] (#cite_note-25) La-Mode Magazine 2017 "Fashion Designer of the Year" [26] (#cite_note-26) WIMBIZ X EbonyLife TV Sisterhood Award "Fashion Designer of the year 2017" [27] (#cite_note-27) TLWE Recognition Award References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) https://lagosfashionweek.ng/designers/toju-foyeh (https://lagosfashionweek.ng/designers/toju-foyeh) ^ (#cite_ref-2) https://www.stylerave.com/designer-toju-foyeh-collaborates-portrait-fine-art-photographer-henry-oji-creative-series/ (https://www.stylerave.com/designer-toju-foyeh-collaborates-portrait-fine-art-photographer-henry-oji-creative-series/) ^ (#cite_ref-3) https://socialmediaweeklagos2018.sched.com/speaker/tojufoyeh (https://socialmediaweeklagos2018.sched.com/speaker/tojufoyeh) ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Toju Foyeh" (https://lagosfashionweek.ng/designers/toju-foyeh) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "LBFW 2018 Day 3: TOJU FOYEH Unveils a Fierce Collection Tagged 'Jemima by Toju Foyeh' (https://www.stylerave.com/lbfw-2018-day-3-toju-foyeh-unveils-a-fierce-collection-tagged-jemima-by-toju-foyeh/) " (https://www.stylerave.com/lbfw-2018-day-3-toju-foyeh-unveils-a-fierce-collection-tagged-jemima-by-toju-foyeh/) . May 11, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-6) "It's Official! Kemi Adetiba & Oscar Heman-Ackah are Legally Hitched" (https://www.bellanaijaweddings.com/kemi-adetiba-civil-wedding/) . April 23, 2022. ^ (#cite_ref-7) https://articles.connectnigeria.com/who-is-toju-foyeh/ (https://articles.connectnigeria.com/who-is-toju-foyeh/) ^ (#cite_ref-8) https://www.kemifilani.ng/entertainment/mike-adenugas-grand-niece-toju-foyeh-holds-destination-wedding-photos/ (https://www.kemifilani.ng/entertainment/mike-adenugas-grand-niece-toju-foyeh-holds-destination-wedding-photos/) ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Toju Foyeh" (https://lagosfashionweek.ng/designers/toju-foyeh) . ^ (#cite_ref-10) https://www.channelstv.com/2012/03/09/day-1-toju-foyeh-rocks-the-runway-at-arise-magazine-fashion-week/ (https://www.channelstv.com/2012/03/09/day-1-toju-foyeh-rocks-the-runway-at-arise-magazine-fashion-week/) ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Toju-Foyeh-and-Ope-Makinwa – THISDAY Style" (https://www.thisdaystyle.ng/5-skincare-practices-for-harmattan-season/toju-foyeh-and-ope-makinwa/) . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Fashion designer, Toju Foyeh recounts how she hesitated and almost didn't go when she called to style South African first lady" (https://m.lindaikejisblog.com/2017/10/fashion-designer-toju-foyeh-recounts-how-she-hesitated-and-almost-didnt-go-when-she-called-to-style-south-african-first-lady.html.html) . October 19, 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-13) https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/09/toju-foyeh-launches-a-brand-new-fashion-institute/ (https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/09/toju-foyeh-launches-a-brand-new-fashion-institute/) ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Designer Extraordinaire! Toju Foyeh Covers Exquisite Magazine's 85th Issue" (https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/01/designer-extraordinaire-toju-foyeh-covers-exquisite-magazines-85th-issue/) . January 29, 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Toju Foyeh, 4 Other Leading Female Entrepreneurs Cover the Entrepreneur Africa, January 2018" (https://www.theentrepreneurafrica.com/toju-foyeh-4-other-leading-female-entrepreneurs-cover-the-entrepreneur-africa-january-2018/) . January 15, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-16) https://www.ankara.com.ng/2024/06/07/toju-foyeh/?v=47e5dceea252 (https://www.ankara.com.ng/2024/06/07/toju-foyeh/?v=47e5dceea252) ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Designer Toju Foyeh Collaborates with Portrait and Fine Art Photographer Henry Oji on a Creative Series" (https://www.stylerave.com/designer-toju-foyeh-collaborates-portrait-fine-art-photographer-henry-oji-creative-series/) . February 7, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-18) https://articles.connectnigeria.com/who-is-toju-foyeh/ (https://articles.connectnigeria.com/who-is-toju-foyeh/) ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Adesua Etomi-Wellington in Toju Foyeh" (https://www.bellanaijastyle.com/adesua-etomi-toju-foyeh-geanco/) . October 8, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Adesua Etomi-Wellington Made an Exciting Announcement in the Dreamiest Toju Foyeh Dress" (https://www.bellanaijastyle.com/adesua-etomi-wellington-toju-foyeh-dress/) . February 23, 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-21) https://www.bellanaijastyle.com/toju-foyeh-social-media-week-2019/ (https://www.bellanaijastyle.com/toju-foyeh-social-media-week-2019/) ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Tiwa Savage – Ileke" (https://genius.com/Tiwa-savage-ileke-lyrics) . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "TFAA 2012 Winners List" (https://awards.thefutureafrica.com/past-winners/year-2012/) . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Designer Extraordinaire! Toju Foyeh Covers Exquisite Magazine's 85th Issue" (https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/01/designer-extraordinaire-toju-foyeh-covers-exquisite-magazines-85th-issue/) . January 29, 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Fashion Award Nominees: Fashion Designer of the Year!" (https://lamodespot.com/fashion-award-nominees-fashion-designer-of-the-year/) . July 26, 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Celebrating Amazing Women! Toju Foyeh, Omoni Oboli, Toke Ibru honored at EbonyLife TV's 2017 Sisterhood Awards" (https://www.bellanaija.com/2017/11/celebrating-amazing-women-toju-foyeh-omoni-oboli-toke-ibru-honored-ebonylife-tvs-2017-sisterhood-awards/) . November 15, 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-27) "Social Media Week Lagos Schedule" (https://socialmediaweeklagos2018.sched.com/speaker/tojufoyeh) . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Toju Foyeh (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Toju_Foyeh) . Wikiquote has quotations related to Toju Foyeh (https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Toju_Foyeh) . Official website (http://www.tojufoyeh.com/) Toju Foyeh (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1053530/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Toju Foyeh (http://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/brands/tom-ford) – brand and company profile at Fashion Model Directory (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) Toju Foyeh biography at Lagos Fashion Week, Nigeria. 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American fashion designer Michael Costello Born ( 1983-01-20 ) January 20, 1983 (age 41) Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) , California, U.S. Occupation Fashion designer Website www (http://www.shopcostello.com/) .shopcostello (http://www.shopcostello.com/) .com (http://www.shopcostello.com/) Michael Costello (born January 20, 1983) is an American fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) and reality television (/wiki/Reality_television) personality. He appeared on the eighth season (/wiki/Project_Runway_(season_8)) of Project Runway (/wiki/Project_Runway) and the first season (/wiki/Project_Runway_All_Stars_(season_1)) of Project Runway All Stars (/wiki/Project_Runway_All_Stars) . Early life [ edit ] Michael Costello was born on January 20, 1983, in Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles (/wiki/Sherman_Oaks,_Los_Angeles) . [1] (#cite_note-SDGLN-1) Costello's father is Italian (/wiki/Italian_Americans) - Hungarian (/wiki/Hungarian_Americans) and his mother is Greek Romani (/wiki/Romani_people_in_Greece) and Russian (/wiki/Russian_Americans) . [1] (#cite_note-SDGLN-1) At the age of 15, he moved to Palm Springs, California (/wiki/Palm_Springs,_California) . [1] (#cite_note-SDGLN-1) Career [ edit ] Costello started designing clothes at the age of two by drawing dresses on his bedroom walls. At the age of 15, he opened his first store at 286 North Palm Canyon Drive in Palm Springs. [1] (#cite_note-SDGLN-1) It was at his first store in Palm Springs where Costello started making custom pieces for celebrities including Céline Dion (/wiki/C%C3%A9line_Dion) , Jennifer Lopez (/wiki/Jennifer_Lopez) , Toni Braxton (/wiki/Toni_Braxton) , Barry Manilow (/wiki/Barry_Manilow) , Suzanne Somers (/wiki/Suzanne_Somers) , Faye Dunaway (/wiki/Faye_Dunaway) , Florence Henderson (/wiki/Florence_Henderson) , and more. Costello made headlines for designing a matching hat and dress for rapper Cardi B (/wiki/Cardi_B) for Paris Fashion Week (/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week) . [2] (#cite_note-2) Kylie Jenner (/wiki/Kylie_Jenner) wore one of his dresses for her birthday magazine cover and Costello has partied with Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) . [3] (#cite_note-3) He collaborated with Essie (/wiki/L%27Or%C3%A9al) nail polish and designed his own lipstick and eyeshadow shades for Inglot Cosmetics (/wiki/Inglot_Cosmetics) . [4] (#cite_note-4) He also designs for Revolve. His dresses are sold at Saks Fifth Avenue (/wiki/Saks_Fifth_Avenue) . [5] (#cite_note-5) Project Runway [ edit ] In 2010, Costello appeared on the 8th season of Project Runway (/wiki/Project_Runway) . Costello placed 4th place, [6] (#cite_note-InStyle_2014-01-28-6) and became best friends with fellow contestant Mondo Guerra (/wiki/Mondo_Guerra) . [7] (#cite_note-Samotin-7) In 2012, Costello competed as part of Project Runway All Stars (/wiki/Project_Runway_All_Stars) and finished as the 2nd runner up. Grammys [ edit ] On January 26, 2014, Costello garnered nationwide attention by dressing Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) in a white lace (/wiki/Lace) dress for the 56th Annual Grammy Awards (/wiki/56th_Annual_Grammy_Awards) . Costello credits that moment as the turning-point of his career. [6] (#cite_note-InStyle_2014-01-28-6) Since then, Costello has continuously dressed her for On the Run Tour (/wiki/On_the_Run_Tour_(Beyonc%C3%A9_and_Jay-Z)) , The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour (/wiki/The_Mrs._Carter_Show_World_Tour) , the Grammy-sponsored Stevie Wonder (/wiki/Stevie_Wonder) tribute, the Wearable Art Gala at the California African American Museum (/wiki/California_African_American_Museum) , and more. [8] (#cite_note-8) On February 15, 2016, Costello dressed Meghan Trainor (/wiki/Meghan_Trainor) at the Grammys (/wiki/Grammys) . Costello's designs for Beyoncé, Meghan Trainor, Tamar Braxton (/wiki/Tamar_Braxton) , Toni Braxton (/wiki/Toni_Braxton) , Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) , Maren Morris, and more are on display at the Grammy Museum at L.A. Live (/wiki/Grammy_Museum_at_L.A._Live) . Costello offered to dress Bebe Rexha (/wiki/Bebe_Rexha) for the Grammy's after designers called her "too big". [9] (#cite_note-9) Television [ edit ] In 2016, Costello collaborated with award-winning costume designer Lou Eyrich (/wiki/Lou_Eyrich) to design gowns for Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) for the TV series American Horror Story (/wiki/American_Horror_Story) , leading up to the team's Primetime Emmy Award (/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award) win for Outstanding Costumes For a Contemporary Series, Limited Series or Movie (/wiki/Outstanding_Costumes_For_a_Contemporary_Series,_Limited_Series_or_Movie) . [10] (#cite_note-10) On July 12, 2016, Costello appeared on Good Morning America (/wiki/Good_Morning_America) and won a nationwide fashion challenge. The following day, he worked with Kim Kardashian (/wiki/Kim_Kardashian) in creating a red carpet (/wiki/Red_carpet) dress for the ESPY Awards (/wiki/ESPY_Awards) . The styling session was filmed for E! Entertainment (/wiki/E!_Entertainment) Television's Keeping Up With the Kardashians (/wiki/Keeping_Up_With_the_Kardashians) . Costello has appeared as a fashion guest for television shows like Wendy , Steve Harvey Show (/wiki/The_Steve_Harvey_Show_(2012)) , Good Day LA (/wiki/Good_Day_LA) , Good Day NY (/wiki/Good_Day_New_York) , and more. Costello will design the outfits for Nebulossa (/wiki/Nebulossa) 's performances as the Spanish representatives (/wiki/Spain_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_2024) in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024 (/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2024) . [11] (#cite_note-11) Achievements [ edit ] On March 18, 2017, Costello received a star on the Palm Springs Walk of Stars (/wiki/Palm_Springs_Walk_of_Stars) . The presentation was held by Palm Springs (/wiki/Palm_Springs,_California) Mayor Robert Moon, who also gave Costello the key to the City of Palm Springs and declared March 18 as the "Michael Costello Day". [12] (#cite_note-12) Personal life [ edit ] Costello has two children, Giovanni and Coco, from an arranged marriage that ended in 2006. [1] (#cite_note-SDGLN-1) He is openly gay. [7] (#cite_note-Samotin-7) See also [ edit ] List of fashion designers (/wiki/List_of_fashion_designers) List of (/wiki/List_of_Project_Runway_contestants) Project Runway contestants (/wiki/List_of_Project_Runway_contestants) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Brassart, Scott (November 22, 2010). "Fashion designer Michael Costello reveals intimate details of his life and his "Project Runway" experience" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150418171624/http://www.sdgln.com/bottomline/2010/11/22/haute-couture-holiday-interview-fashion-designer-michael-costello) . San Diego Gay & Lesbian News . Archived from the original (http://www.sdgln.com/bottomline/2010/11/22/haute-couture-holiday-interview-fashion-designer-michael-costello) on April 18, 2015 . Retrieved May 6, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Bailey, Alyssa (September 25, 2018). "Here's Cardi B Literally Peacocking In A Massive Michael Costello Dress At Paris Fashion Week" (https://www.elle.com/fashion/celebrity-style/a23459515/cardi-b-peacock-michael-costello-dress-paris-fashion-week/) . Elle Magazine . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190914113259/https://www.elle.com/fashion/celebrity-style/a23459515/cardi-b-peacock-michael-costello-dress-paris-fashion-week/) from the original on September 14, 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Hoffman, Ashley (May 25, 2016). "Designer Michael Costello on Strong Women, Partying With Gaga and the Evolution of Kylie Jenner" (http://runwayriot.com/2016/05/25/designer-michael-costello-on-strong-women-partying-with-gaga-and-the-evolution-of-kylie-jenner/) . RunwayRiot . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191001002009/http://runwayriot.com/2016/05/25/designer-michael-costello-on-strong-women-partying-with-gaga-and-the-evolution-of-kylie-jenner/) from the original on October 1, 2019 . Retrieved April 23, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Cummings, Faith (May 31, 2017). "Michael Costello on His Affordable Fashion Collaboration DesigNow" (https://www.teenvogue.com/story/michael-costello-affordable-fashion-collaboration-designow) . Teen Vogue . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170905034439/https://www.teenvogue.com/story/michael-costello-affordable-fashion-collaboration-designow) from the original on September 5, 2017 . Retrieved April 23, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Manoff, Jill (May 24, 2023). "Designer Michael Costello: 'You don't feel like a major player in the industry until you're sold at a high-end department store' (https://www.glossy.co/podcasts/designer-michael-costello-you-dont-feel-like-a-major-player-in-the-industry-until-youre-sold-at-a-high-end-department-store/) " (https://www.glossy.co/podcasts/designer-michael-costello-you-dont-feel-like-a-major-player-in-the-industry-until-youre-sold-at-a-high-end-department-store/) . ^ Jump up to: a b Peiffer, Kim (January 28, 2014). "Remember His Name: Meet Designer Michael Costello, the Man Behind Beyoncé's Gorgeous Grammy Gown" (https://www.instyle.com/news/remember-his-name-meet-designer-michael-costello-man-behind-beyonc-s-gorgeous-grammy-gown) . InStyle (/wiki/InStyle) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180603125434/https://www.instyle.com/news/remember-his-name-meet-designer-michael-costello-man-behind-beyonc-s-gorgeous-grammy-gown) from the original on June 3, 2018 . Retrieved May 6, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b Samotin, Perrie. "From 'Project Runway' to Dressing Beyoncé: 5 Things To Know About Designer Michael Costello" (https://stylecaster.com/michael-costello/) . Style Caster . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150707143353/http://stylecaster.com/michael-costello) from the original on July 7, 2015 . Retrieved March 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Michael Costello" (http://www.beyonce.com/tag/michael-costello/) . beyonce.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200423081955/https://www.beyonce.com/tag/michael-costello/) from the original on April 23, 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Acevedo, Angelica (January 23, 2019). "Michael Costello Says He Will Dress Bebe Rexha For The Grammys" (https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/8494609/michael-costello-will-dress-bebe-rexha-grammys) . Billboard . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190125160414/https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/8494609/michael-costello-will-dress-bebe-rexha-grammys) from the original on January 25, 2019 . Retrieved April 23, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Outstanding Costumes For A Contemporary Series Limited Series or Movie" (http://www.emmys.com/content/american-horror-story-hotel) . Primetime Emmy Awards (/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award) . July 13, 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Farren, Neil (April 22, 2024). "Spain: Michael Costello to Design Nebulossa's Eurovision Outfits" (https://eurovoix.com/2024/04/22/spain-michael-costello-design-nebulossas-eurovision-outfits/) . Eurovoix . Retrieved April 23, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Pena, Xochitl. "Michael Costello's name enshrined ahead of his Fashion Week El Paseo show" (https://www.desertsun.com/story/life/entertainment/people/2017/03/20/here-what-michael-costello-doing-while-home-palm-springs/99392094/) . The Desert Sun . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.shopcostello.com/) Michael Costello (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3999648/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Michael Costello (https://www.instagram.com/michaelcostello/) on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram_(identifier)) v t e Project Runway (/wiki/Project_Runway) Seasons Original (/wiki/Project_Runway) 1 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_1) 2 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_2) 3 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_3) 4 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_4) 5 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_5) 6 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_6) 7 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_7) 8 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_8) 9 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_9) 10 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_10) 11 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_11) 12 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_12) 13 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_13) 14 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_14) 15 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_15) 16 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_16) 17 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_17) 18 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_18) 19 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Viral phenomenon regarding the colour of a dress This article is about the viral phenomenon. For other uses, see The Dress (/wiki/The_Dress_(disambiguation)) . The original photograph of the dress The dress was a 2015 online viral phenomenon (/wiki/Viral_phenomenon) centred on a photograph of a dress. Viewers disagreed on whether the dress was blue and black, or white and gold. The phenomenon revealed differences in human colour perception (/wiki/Color_vision) and became the subject of scientific investigations into neuroscience (/wiki/Neuroscience) and vision science (/wiki/Vision_science) . The phenomenon originated in a photograph of a dress posted on the social networking service Facebook (/wiki/Facebook) . The dress was black and blue, but the conditions of the photograph caused many to perceive it as white and gold, creating debate. Within a week, more than ten million tweets (/wiki/Twitter#Tweets) had mentioned the dress. The retailer of the dress, Roman Originals, reported a surge in sales and produced a one-off version in white and gold sold for charity. Origin In February 2015, about a week before the wedding of Grace and Keir Johnston, of Colonsay (/wiki/Colonsay) , Scotland, the bride's mother, Cecilia Bleasdale, took a photograph of a dress at Cheshire Oaks Designer Outlet (/wiki/Cheshire_Oaks_Designer_Outlet) north of Chester (/wiki/Chester) , England. Bleasdale intended to wear the dress at the wedding and sent the photograph to Grace. The dress was coloured blue with black lace. However, Grace told her mother she perceived it in the photograph as white with gold lace. [1] (#cite_note-1) After Grace posted the photograph on Facebook, her friends also disagreed; some saw it as white with gold, while others saw it as blue with black. [2] (#cite_note-wp-insidestory-2) [3] (#cite_note-buzzfeed-blueandblack-3) For a week, the debate became well known in Colonsay, a small island community. [4] (#cite_note-etonline.com-4) On the day of the wedding, Caitlin McNeill, a friend of the bride and groom, performed with her band at the wedding. Even after seeing that the dress was "obviously blue and black" in reality, [3] (#cite_note-buzzfeed-blueandblack-3) the musicians remained preoccupied by the photograph. They said they almost failed to make it on stage because they were caught up discussing the dress. A few days later, on 26 February, McNeill reposted the image to her blog on Tumblr (/wiki/Tumblr) , creating further public discussion surrounding the image. [2] (#cite_note-wp-insidestory-2) [3] (#cite_note-buzzfeed-blueandblack-3) Response Initial viral spread The most interesting thing to me is that it traveled. It went from New York media circle-jerk (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/circle_jerk) Twitter to international. And you could see it in my Twitter notifications because people started having conversations in, like, Spanish and Portuguese and then Japanese and Chinese and Thai and Arabic. It was amazing to watch this move from a local thing to, like, a massive international phenomenon. Cates Holderness [5] (#cite_note-BuzzFeed_anniversary_oral_history_post-5) Cates Holderness, who ran the Tumblr page for BuzzFeed (/wiki/BuzzFeed) at the site's New York offices, received a message from McNeill asking for help resolving the colour dispute of the dress. She dismissed it, but checked the page near the end of her workday and saw that it had received around 5,000 notes, a large amount for Tumblr. Tom Christ, Tumblr's director of data, said at its peak the page was receiving 14,000 views a second (or 840,000 views per minute), well over the normal rates. Later that night, the number of notes increased tenfold. [5] (#cite_note-BuzzFeed_anniversary_oral_history_post-5) Holderness showed the picture to other members of the BuzzFeed social media (/wiki/Social_media) team, who immediately began arguing about the dress colours. She created a simple poll for Tumblr users, then left work and took the subway home. When she got off the train and checked her phone, it was overwhelmed by messages. That evening, the page set a new record at BuzzFeed for concurrent visitors (/wiki/Session_(web_analytics)) , and eventually peaked at 673,000. [5] (#cite_note-BuzzFeed_anniversary_oral_history_post-5) [6] (#cite_note-BBCNews1January2016-6) The image became a worldwide Internet meme (/wiki/Internet_meme) across social media. On Twitter (/wiki/Twitter) , users created the hashtags (/wiki/Hashtag) "#whiteandgold", "#blueandblack", and " #dressgate (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-gate) " to discuss their opinions on what the colour of the dress was, and theories surrounding their arguments. [7] (#cite_note-7) The number of tweets about the dress increased throughout the night; at 11:36 pm GMT, when the first increase in the number of tweets about the dress occurred, there were five thousand tweets per minute using the hashtag "#TheDress", increasing to 11,000 tweets per minute with the hashtag by 1:31 am GMT. [5] (#cite_note-BuzzFeed_anniversary_oral_history_post-5) The photo also attracted discussion relating to the triviality of the matter as a whole; The Washington Post (/wiki/The_Washington_Post) described the dispute as "[the] drama that divided a planet". [2] (#cite_note-wp-insidestory-2) [8] (#cite_note-bostoncom-colorbind-8) [9] (#cite_note-slate-whiteandgold-9) Some articles humorously suggested that the dress could prompt an existential crisis (/wiki/Existential_crisis) over the nature of sight and reality (/wiki/Reality) , or that the debate could harm interpersonal relationships. [2] (#cite_note-wp-insidestory-2) [10] (#cite_note-10) Others examined why people were making such a big argument over a seemingly trivial matter. [11] (#cite_note-11) Overnight popularity On the evening BuzzFeed posted the article, the Wellesley College (/wiki/Wellesley_College) neuroscientist Bevil Conway (/wiki/Bevil_Conway) gave some comments about the phenomenon to the Wired (/wiki/Wired_(website)) reporter Adam Rogers. Before they hung up, Rogers warned him, "Your tomorrow will not be the same." Conway thought he was exaggerating. Rogers's story eventually received 32.8 million unique visitors. When Conway woke up the next morning, his inbox had so many emails he initially thought it had been hacked, until he saw that most were interview requests from major media organisations. "I did 10 interviews and had to have a colleague take my class that day," said Conway. [5] (#cite_note-BuzzFeed_anniversary_oral_history_post-5) Celebrities with larger Twitter followings began to comment. A tweet by the American songwriter Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) , in which she saw the dress as blue and black and said she was "confused and scared"—was retweeted 111,134 times and liked 154,188 times. [5] (#cite_note-BuzzFeed_anniversary_oral_history_post-5) Jaden Smith (/wiki/Jaden_Smith) , Frankie Muniz (/wiki/Frankie_Muniz) , Demi Lovato (/wiki/Demi_Lovato) , Mindy Kaling (/wiki/Mindy_Kaling) , and Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) saw the dress was blue and black, while Anna Kendrick (/wiki/Anna_Kendrick) , B. J. Novak (/wiki/B._J._Novak) , Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) , Julianne Moore (/wiki/Julianne_Moore) , and Sarah Hyland (/wiki/Sarah_Hyland) saw it as white and gold. [12] (#cite_note-12) Kim Kardashian (/wiki/Kim_Kardashian) tweeted that she saw it as white and gold, while her then-husband Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) saw it as blue and black. Lucy Hale (/wiki/Lucy_Hale) , Phoebe Tonkin (/wiki/Phoebe_Tonkin) , and Katie Nolan (/wiki/Katie_Nolan) saw different colour schemes at different times. Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) described the dress as " periwinkle (/wiki/Periwinkle_(color)) and sand", while David Duchovny (/wiki/David_Duchovny) called it teal (/wiki/Teal) . Other celebrities, including Ellen DeGeneres (/wiki/Ellen_DeGeneres) and Ariana Grande (/wiki/Ariana_Grande) , mentioned the dress on social media without mentioning specific colours. [13] (#cite_note-smh-dressgate-13) [14] (#cite_note-Iyengar-27-Feb-2015-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) Politicians, government agencies and social media platforms of major brands also wrote humorous posts. [18] (#cite_note-18) Ultimately, the dress was the subject of 4.4 million tweets within 24 hours. [5] (#cite_note-BuzzFeed_anniversary_oral_history_post-5) The dress was designed and manufactured by Roman Originals. [19] (#cite_note-designer-19) In the UK, where the phenomenon had begun, Ian Johnson, creative manager for Roman Originals, learned of the controversy from his Facebook news feed that morning. "I was pretty gobsmacked. I just laughed and told the wife that I'd better get to work," he said. [5] (#cite_note-BuzzFeed_anniversary_oral_history_post-5) TV presenter Alex Jones (/wiki/Alex_Jones_(Welsh_presenter)) wore the dress on that night's edition of The One Show (/wiki/The_One_Show) . [20] (#cite_note-20) We've seen other stories go viral, but the sheer diversity of outlets that picked it up and were talking about it was unlike anything we had ever seen. Everyone from QVC to Warner Bros. to local public libraries to Red Cross affiliates were all posting links to it on their social accounts. That kind of diversity in who's sharing a story pretty much never happens ... and certainly never to that degree. Even in the year since and with a million different people trying to replicate it, nothing has come close. [5] (#cite_note-BuzzFeed_anniversary_oral_history_post-5) Brandon Silverman, CEO of social media monitoring site CrowdTangle Businesses that had nothing to do with the dress, or even the clothing industry (/wiki/Clothing_industry) , devoted social media attention to the phenomenon. Adobe (/wiki/Adobe_Systems) retweeted another Twitter user who had used some of the company's apps to isolate the dress's colours. "We jumped in the conversation and thought, Let's see what happens ," recalled Karen Do, the company's senior manager for social media. Jenna Bromberg, a digital brand manager for Pizza Hut (/wiki/Pizza_Hut) , saw the dress as white and gold and quickly sent out a tweet with a picture of pizza noting that it, too, was the same colours. Do called it "literally a tweet heard around the world". [5] (#cite_note-BuzzFeed_anniversary_oral_history_post-5) Ben Fischer of the New York Business Journal reported that interest in the first BuzzFeed article about the dress exhibited vertical growth instead of the typical bell curve (/wiki/Gaussian_function) of a viral phenomenon, leading BuzzFeed to assign two editorial teams to generate additional articles about the dress to drive ad revenue, [21] (#cite_note-21) and, by 1 March, the original BuzzFeed article had received over 37 million views. [22] (#cite_note-22) The dress was cited by CNN (/wiki/CNN) commentator Mel Robbins (/wiki/Mel_Robbins) as a viral phenomenon having the requisite qualities of positivity bias (/wiki/Positivity_bias) incorporating "awe, laughter and amusement" and was compared to and contrasted with a story about escaped llamas in an Arizona retirement community earlier that day, as well as to tributes paid to actor Leonard Nimoy (/wiki/Leonard_Nimoy) after his death the following day. [23] (#cite_note-Robbins-23) Real colours of dress confirmed The dress was confirmed as a royal blue "Lace Bodycon Dress" from the retailer Roman Originals. [24] (#cite_note-material-24) The dress is black and blue; [25] (#cite_note-independent-25) [26] (#cite_note-bbcoptical-26) although it was available in three other colours (red, pink, and ivory, each with black lace), a white and gold version was not available at the time. The day after McNeill's post, Roman Originals' website experienced a major surge in traffic and sold out of the dress within 30 minutes. [27] (#cite_note-nydn-romanoriginals-27) On 28 February, Roman Originals announced that they would make a single white and gold dress for a Comic Relief (/wiki/Comic_Relief) charity auction. [28] (#cite_note-28) On 3 March, the Johnstons, Bleasdale, and MacNeill appeared as guests on The Ellen DeGeneres Show (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show) in the United States. The presenter, Ellen DeGeneres (/wiki/Ellen_DeGeneres) , presented each of them with gifts of underwear patterned after the dress and combining both colour schemes. The show sponsors also gave the Johnstons a gift of $10,000 and a honeymoon (/wiki/Honeymoon) trip to Grenada (/wiki/Grenada) , as they had left their honeymoon early to participate in the show. [4] (#cite_note-etonline.com-4) By 1 March, over two thirds of BuzzFeed users polled responded that the dress was white and gold. [29] (#cite_note-29) Some people have suggested that the dress changes colours on its own. [2] (#cite_note-wp-insidestory-2) Media outlets noted that the photo was overexposed (/wiki/Overexposure) and had poor white balance (/wiki/White_balance) , causing its colours to be washed out, giving rise to the perception by some that the dress is white and gold. [2] (#cite_note-wp-insidestory-2) [30] (#cite_note-mashable-overexposed-30) Scientific explanations Two ways in which the photograph of the dress may be perceived: blue and black under a yellow-tinted illumination (left figure) or white and gold under a blue-tinted illumination (right figure). There is no consensus on why the dress elicits such discordant perceptions. [31] (#cite_note-31) The neuroscientists Bevil Conway (/wiki/Bevil_Conway) and Jay Neitz (/wiki/Jay_Neitz) believe they are a result of how the human brain perceives colour (/wiki/Colour_vision) and chromatic adaptation (/wiki/Chromatic_adaptation) . Conway believes it is connected to how the brain processes the various hues of a daylight (/wiki/Daylight) sky: "Your visual system is looking at this thing, and you're trying to discount the chromatic bias of the daylight axis ... people either discount the blue side, in which case they end up seeing white and gold, or discount the gold side, in which case they end up with blue and black." [32] (#cite_note-wired-science-32) [33] (#cite_note-theguardian1-33) Neitz said: Our visual system is supposed to throw away information about the illuminant and extract information about the actual reflectance ... but I've studied individual differences in colour vision for 30 years, and this is one of the biggest individual differences I've ever seen. [32] (#cite_note-wired-science-32) Similar theories have been expounded by the University of Liverpool (/wiki/University_of_Liverpool) 's Paul Knox, who stated that what the brain interprets as colour may be affected by the device the photograph is viewed on, or the viewer's own expectations. [34] (#cite_note-Viewpoint-34) Anya Hurlbert (/wiki/Anya_Hurlbert) and collaborators also considered the problem from the perspective of colour perception. They attributed the differences in perception to individual perception of colour constancy (/wiki/Colour_constancy) . [35] (#cite_note-Aurlbert&Aston2017-35) [36] (#cite_note-Brainard&Hulbert2015-36) The neuroscientist and psychologist Pascal Wallisch states that while inherently ambiguous stimuli have been known to vision science (/wiki/Vision_science) for many years, this is the first such stimulus in the colour domain that was brought to the attention of science by social media. He attributes differential perceptions to differences in illumination and fabric priors, but also notes that the stimulus is highly unusual insofar as the perception of most people does not switch. If it does, it does so only on very long time scales, which is highly unusual for bistable stimuli, so perceptual learning might be at play. [37] (#cite_note-37) [38] (#cite_note-38) In addition, he says that discussions of this stimulus are not frivolous, as the stimulus is both of interest to science and a paradigmatic case of how different people can sincerely see the world differently. [39] (#cite_note-39) Daniel Hardiman-McCartney of the College of Optometrists (/wiki/College_of_Optometrists) stated that the picture was ambiguous, suggesting that the illusion was caused by a strong yellow light shining onto the dress, and human perception of the colours of the dress and light source by comparing them with other colours and objects in the picture. [40] (#cite_note-40) The philosopher Barry C. Smith (/wiki/Barry_C._Smith) compared the phenomenon with Ludwig Wittgenstein (/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein) and the rabbit–duck illusion (/wiki/Rabbit%E2%80%93duck_illusion) , [41] (#cite_note-41) although the rabbit-duck illusion is an ambiguous image (/wiki/Ambiguous_image) where, for most people, the alternative perceptions switch very easily. The Journal of Vision (/wiki/Journal_of_Vision) , a scientific journal about vision research, announced in March 2015 that a special issue about the dress would be published with the title A Dress Rehearsal for Vision Science . [42] (#cite_note-42) [43] (#cite_note-43) The first large-scale scientific study on the dress was published in Current Biology (/wiki/Current_Biology) three months after the image went viral. The study, which involved 1,400 respondents, found that 57 per cent saw the dress as blue and black, 30 per cent saw it as white and gold, 11 per cent saw it as blue and brown, and two per cent reported it as "other". [44] (#cite_note-lafer-sousa-44) Women and older people disproportionately saw the dress as white and gold. The researchers further found that if the dress was shown in artificial yellow-coloured lighting almost all respondents saw the dress as black and blue, while they saw it as white and gold if the simulated lighting had a blue bias. [33] (#cite_note-theguardian1-33) [44] (#cite_note-lafer-sousa-44) [45] (#cite_note-gegenfurtner-45) [46] (#cite_note-winkler-46) Another study in the Journal of Vision , by Pascal Wallisch, found that people who were early risers were more likely to think the dress was lit by natural light, perceiving it as white and gold, and that "night owls" saw the dress as blue and black. [47] (#cite_note-47) [48] (#cite_note-48) A study carried out by Schlaffke et al. reported that individuals who saw the dress as white and gold showed increased activity in the frontal and parietal regions of the brain. These areas are thought to be critical in higher cognition activities such as top-down modulation in visual perception. [49] (#cite_note-49) [50] (#cite_note-50) Legacy The dress was included on multiple year-end lists of notable Internet memes in 2015. [51] (#cite_note-51) [52] (#cite_note-52) As the original authors of the photograph that sparked the viral phenomenon, Bleasdale and her partner Paul Jinks later expressed frustration and regret over being "completely left out from the story", including their lack of control over the story, the omission of their role in the discovery, and the commercial use of the photograph. [6] (#cite_note-BBCNews1January2016-6) In South Africa, the Salvation Army (/wiki/The_Salvation_Army) used the dress in a 2015 campaign to raise awareness of domestic violence, with the slogan: "Why is it so hard to see black and blue?" [53] (#cite_note-53) See also Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Internet portal (/wiki/Portal:Internet) Science portal (/wiki/Portal:Science) Checker shadow illusion (/wiki/Checker_shadow_illusion) List of Internet phenomena (/wiki/List_of_Internet_phenomena) Yanny or Laurel (/wiki/Yanny_or_Laurel) List of individual dresses (/wiki/List_of_individual_dresses) References ^ (#cite_ref-1) Benedictus, Leo (22 December 2015). "#Thedress: 'It's been quite stressful having to deal with it ... we had a falling-out' (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2015/dec/22/thedress-internet-divided-cecilia-bleasdale-black-blue-white-gold) " (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2015/dec/22/thedress-internet-divided-cecilia-bleasdale-black-blue-white-gold) . The Guardian . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191211054102/https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2015/dec/22/thedress-internet-divided-cecilia-bleasdale-black-blue-white-gold) from the original on 11 December 2019 . Retrieved 11 December 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "The inside story of the 'white dress, blue dress' drama that divided a planet" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2015/02/27/the-inside-story-of-the-white-dress-blue-dress-drama-that-divided-a-nation/) . The Washington Post . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180712020352/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2015/02/27/the-inside-story-of-the-white-dress-blue-dress-drama-that-divided-a-nation/) from the original on 12 July 2018 . Retrieved 27 February 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "The Dress Is Blue And Black, Says The Girl Who Saw It in Person" (https://www.buzzfeed.com/claudiakoerner/the-dress-is-blue-and-black-says-the-girl-who-saw-it-in-pers) . BuzzFeed . 27 February 2015. 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Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200304005809/https://twitter.com/romanoriginals/status/571224722438004736) from the original on 4 March 2020 . 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Films about fashion (/wiki/Fashion) , a form of self-expression and autonomy at a particular period and place and in a specific context, of clothing (/wiki/Clothing) , footwear (/wiki/Footwear) , lifestyle (/wiki/Lifestyle_(sociology)) , accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) , makeup (/wiki/Makeup) , hairstyle (/wiki/Hairstyle) , and body posture (/wiki/Body_posture) .. 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B Films about beauty pageants (/wiki/Category:Films_about_beauty_pageants) (2 C, 49 P) D Films about fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Films_about_fashion_designers) (2 C, 28 P) Films about dresses (/wiki/Category:Films_about_dresses) (6 P) Dresses in film (/wiki/Category:Dresses_in_film) (9 P) F Films about fashion in France (/wiki/Category:Films_about_fashion_in_France) (13 P) I Films about fashion in India (/wiki/Category:Films_about_fashion_in_India) (7 P) J Films about jewellery (/wiki/Category:Films_about_jewellery) (9 P) M Films about modeling (/wiki/Category:Films_about_modeling) (2 C, 59 P) P Films about fashion photographers (/wiki/Category:Films_about_fashion_photographers) (1 C, 10 P) S Films about shoemakers (/wiki/Category:Films_about_shoemakers) (7 P) U Films about fashion in the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Films_about_fashion_in_the_United_Kingdom) (11 P) Films about fashion in the United States (/wiki/Category:Films_about_fashion_in_the_United_States) (19 P) Pages in category "Films about fashion" The following 47 pages are in this category, out of 47 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A After the Ball (2015 film) (/wiki/After_the_Ball_(2015_film)) An American Girl: Isabelle Dances Into the Spotlight (/wiki/An_American_Girl:_Isabelle_Dances_Into_the_Spotlight) American Mullet (/wiki/American_Mullet) B Barbie: A Fashion Fairytale (/wiki/Barbie:_A_Fashion_Fairytale) Beauty & the Briefcase (/wiki/Beauty_%26_the_Briefcase) Brüno (/wiki/Br%C3%BCno) C Cheesecake Casserole (/wiki/Cheesecake_Casserole) Coco and Igor (/wiki/Coco_and_Igor) The Countess of Parma (/wiki/The_Countess_of_Parma) D The Devil's Pass Key (/wiki/The_Devil%27s_Pass_Key) Diana Vreeland: The Eye Has to Travel (/wiki/Diana_Vreeland:_The_Eye_Has_to_Travel) The Dressmaker (2015 film) (/wiki/The_Dressmaker_(2015_film)) F Fashion King (film) (/wiki/Fashion_King_(film)) Fashion Model (film) (/wiki/Fashion_Model_(film)) Franca: Chaos and Creation (/wiki/Franca:_Chaos_and_Creation) Fresh Dressed (/wiki/Fresh_Dressed) Fresh Wind from Canada (/wiki/Fresh_Wind_from_Canada) G Geraldine (2000 film) (/wiki/Geraldine_(2000_film)) Greed (2019 film) (/wiki/Greed_(2019_film)) H How Do I Look (/wiki/How_Do_I_Look) I Invisible Beauty (/wiki/Invisible_Beauty) Iris (2014 film) (/wiki/Iris_(2014_film)) It Girls (/wiki/It_Girls) J Just for Kicks (2005 film) (/wiki/Just_for_Kicks_(2005_film)) L Lombardi, Ltd. (/wiki/Lombardi,_Ltd.) M Made in Paris (/wiki/Made_in_Paris) Mahogany (film) (/wiki/Mahogany_(film)) Mannequin in Red (/wiki/Mannequin_in_Red) Model Behavior (/wiki/Model_Behavior) Modisto de señoras (/wiki/Modisto_de_se%C3%B1oras) P Paris Is Burning (film) (/wiki/Paris_Is_Burning_(film)) Q Queen of Fashion (/wiki/Queen_of_Fashion) R RiverBlue (/wiki/RiverBlue) Roberta (1935 film) (/wiki/Roberta_(1935_film)) S Scatter My Ashes at Bergdorf's (/wiki/Scatter_My_Ashes_at_Bergdorf%27s) The Simpsons Balenciaga (/wiki/The_Simpsons_Balenciaga) Slaxx (/wiki/Slaxx) So Fine (film) (/wiki/So_Fine_(film)) Supermodel (film) (/wiki/Supermodel_(film)) T The Tailor (film) (/wiki/The_Tailor_(film)) The True Cost (/wiki/The_True_Cost) The Tuxedo (/wiki/The_Tuxedo) U Useless (film) (/wiki/Useless_(film)) W The White Silk Dress (/wiki/The_White_Silk_Dress) Who Are You, Polly Maggoo? (/wiki/Who_Are_You,_Polly_Maggoo%3F) Women Must Dress (/wiki/Women_Must_Dress) X Xuxa Popstar (/wiki/Xuxa_Popstar) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Films_about_fashion&oldid=1072625211 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Films_about_fashion&oldid=1072625211) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Films by topic (/wiki/Category:Films_by_topic) Fiction about fashion (/wiki/Category:Fiction_about_fashion) Works about the fashion industry (/wiki/Category:Works_about_the_fashion_industry) Works about fashion (/wiki/Category:Works_about_fashion) |
English luxury shoe brand Sanders & Sanders Ltd. is a luxury English shoe brand first established as Sander Bros in 1873 by William and Thomas Sanders in Rushden (/wiki/Rushden) , Northamptonshire (/wiki/Northamptonshire) . [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Sanders & Sanders is run by the fifth generation of the family in the same factory on Spencer Road that they've been in since 1924, which had been built new after the original was destroyed by fire. In popular culture [ edit ] In Spectre , James Bond (/wiki/James_Bond) wears a pair of Sanders snuff suede hi-top chukka boots (/wiki/Chukka_boot) . [3] (#cite_note-3) Daniel Craig (/wiki/Daniel_Craig) subsequently bought multiple pairs of the brand's shoes. [4] (#cite_note-4) See also [ edit ] Church's (/wiki/Church%27s) Crockett & Jones (/wiki/Crockett_%26_Jones) Alden Shoe Company (/wiki/Alden_Shoe_Company) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) SHOEMAKERS SINCE 1873 (https://www.sanders-uk.com/heritage-i1) ^ (#cite_ref-2) Sanders (https://english-brands.co.uk/info/brands/sanders/) English Brands ^ (#cite_ref-3) Sanders (https://baltzar.com/en-us/collections/sanders) Baltzar ^ (#cite_ref-4) SANDERS: A LASTING FOOTWEAR LEGACY (https://therake.com/stories/sanders-a-lasting-footwear-legacy/) The Rake , FREDDIE ANDERSON This England (/wiki/England) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sanders_%26_Sanders_Ltd.&action=edit) . v t e This shoe (/wiki/Shoe) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sanders_%26_Sanders_Ltd.&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐5458969b9f‐c5vt8 Cached time: 20240721231448 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.134 seconds Real time usage: 0.368 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 341/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 6929/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 438/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 10610/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.083/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1585110/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 270.537 1 -total 65.41% 176.965 1 Template:Short_description 27.25% 73.717 2 Template:Asbox 27.10% 73.322 1 Template:England-stub 14.09% 38.112 2 Template:Pagetype 9.11% 24.634 3 Template:Main_other 8.45% 22.854 1 Template:SDcat 4.95% 13.399 1 Template:Reflist 1.41% 3.818 1 Template:Shoe-stub 0.91% 2.451 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:74529346-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721231448 and revision id 1224580020. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sanders_%26_Sanders_Ltd.&oldid=1224580020 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sanders_%26_Sanders_Ltd.&oldid=1224580020) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Shoe brands (/wiki/Category:Shoe_brands) Luxury brands (/wiki/Category:Luxury_brands) English brands (/wiki/Category:English_brands) Companies established in 1873 (/wiki/Category:Companies_established_in_1873) 1873 establishments in England (/wiki/Category:1873_establishments_in_England) Manufacturing companies based in Northampton (/wiki/Category:Manufacturing_companies_based_in_Northampton) Shoe companies of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Shoe_companies_of_the_United_Kingdom) Family-owned companies of England (/wiki/Category:Family-owned_companies_of_England) England stubs (/wiki/Category:England_stubs) Clothing stubs (/wiki/Category:Clothing_stubs) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles) |
Italian fashion designer Adriano Goldschmied Adrian Goldschmied Born 1944 (age 79–80) Trieste (/wiki/Trieste) , Italy Nationality Italian Occupation Fashion designer Adriano Goldschmied (born 1944, Trieste (/wiki/Trieste) , Italy) is an Italian fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) who focuses on denim (/wiki/Denim) jeans (/wiki/Jeans) . He is known as "the Godfather of denim" [1] (#cite_note-denim_freaks-1) and is the originator of "premium denim". [2] (#cite_note-carlytati-2) The founder of Diesel (/wiki/Diesel_(brand)) , [3] (#cite_note-OConnor-3) he also created Replay, Gap 1969 (/wiki/Gap_Inc.) , Agolde, [4] (#cite_note-DenaSilver-4) Goldsign, [5] (#cite_note-Magsaysay-5) and AG Adriano Goldschmied (/wiki/AG_Jeans) . [2] (#cite_note-carlytati-2) [6] (#cite_note-6) Goldschmied is currently the owner of House of Gold, a creative textile company with the purpose of bringing innovative fabrics to the market. [7] (#cite_note-stylesight_Denim_Interview-7) Biography [ edit ] Goldschmied was born in 1944 in Trieste to an Ashkenazi Jewish (/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jewish) family, [8] (#cite_note-Italian_family-8) whose assets were appropriated in 1942. Later, some of these assets were reconveyed to his family. [9] (#cite_note-Italian_asset_seizure-9) With initial dreams of becoming a competitive skier, he opened up a store in Cortina d'Ampezzo (/wiki/Cortina_d%27Ampezzo) in 1970. This was a springboard for beginning his own denim company. [10] (#cite_note-Toronto_article-10) Since 1996, he has lived principally in Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) and Milan (/wiki/Milan) . [11] (#cite_note-Life-11) His daughter, Marta Goldschmied, has launched her own denim line, MADE GOLD Denim. [12] (#cite_note-GOLD_Denim-12) The Indigo Move collection has 24 women's styles and 13 men's styles designed by Goldschmied in collaboration with Mavi. (/wiki/Mavi_Jeans) Available in all indigo shades, including ink, smoke, and black, the assortment introduces new silhouettes and fits for Mavi. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-denim_freaks_1-0) "Adriano Goldschmied" (http://denimfreaks.com/df/guru.php?id_guru=5) . Denim Freaks. ^ Jump up to: a b "INTERVIEW WITH ADRIANO GOLDSCHMIED" (http://www.carlytati.com/adriano-goldschmied-intervie/) . carlytati. 28 March 2013 . Retrieved 15 June 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-OConnor_3-0) Clare O’Connor (6 March 2013). "Blue Jean Billionaire: Inside Diesel, Renzo Rosso's $3 Billion Fashion Empire" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/clareoconnor/2013/03/06/blue-jean-billionaire-inside-diesel-renzo-rossos-3-billion-denim-empire/) . Forbes Magazine . Retrieved 23 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-DenaSilver_4-0) Dena Silver (17 October 2017). "8 Reasons to Put Down the Levis and Pick Up a Pair of Agolde Jeans" (https://observer.com/2017/10/8-reasons-to-put-down-the-levis-and-pick-up-a-pair-of-agolde-jeans/) . The Observer . Retrieved 6 January 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Magsaysay_5-0) Melissa Magsaysay (14 August 2011). "Goldsign's Adriano Goldschmied shows how premium denim is made" (https://www.latimes.com/fashion/la-xpm-2011-aug-14-la-ig-howitsmade-20110814-story.html) . LA Times . Retrieved 6 January 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) ABOUT - BRAND BIO (http://www.agjeans.com/about_brand_bio.html) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140702074338/http://www.agjeans.com/about_brand_bio.html) 2014-07-02 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) agjeans.com ^ (#cite_ref-stylesight_Denim_Interview_7-0) "Denim Interview: Adriano Goldschmied" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140707050326/http://blog.stylesight.com/denim/denim-interview-adriano-goldschmied) . stylesight.com. 3 August 2011. Archived from the original (http://blog.stylesight.com/denim/denim-interview-adriano-goldschmied) on 7 July 2014 . Retrieved 15 June 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Italian_family_8-0) "Il cognome che ha fatto la storia del jeans" (http://ricerca.gelocal.it/tribunatreviso/archivio/tribunatreviso/2014/09/18/NZ_14_23.html) . La Tribuna di Treviso. 18 September 2014 . Retrieved 21 December 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Italian_asset_seizure_9-0) "Abrogation of the Racial Laws: The Egeli and the Restitution of Assets" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150924043523/http://www.governo.it/Presidenza/DICA/7_ARCHIVIO_STORICO/beni_ebraici/english_version/261_299_fg.pdf) (PDF) . Government of Italy. Archived from the original (http://www.governo.it/Presidenza/DICA/7_ARCHIVIO_STORICO/beni_ebraici/english_version/261_299_fg.pdf) (PDF) on 24 September 2015 . Retrieved 21 December 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Toronto_article_10-0) "Denim designer Adriano Goldschmied a jeans market trailblazer" (https://www.thestar.com/life/fashion_style/2013/10/04/denim_designer_adriano_goldschmied_a_jeans_market_trailblazer.html) . Toronto Star. 4 October 2013 . Retrieved 21 December 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Life_11-0) "Adriano Goldschmied Interview" (http://www.carlytati.com/adriano-goldschmied-intervie/) . Carlitati . Retrieved 21 December 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-GOLD_Denim_12-0) "Interview With Marta Goldschmied Of MADE GOLD Denim" (http://blog.denimtherapy.com/tag/adriano-goldschmied/) . Denim Therapy. 18 September 2014 . Retrieved 21 December 2014 . This article about a fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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See also: Elite Model Management (/wiki/Elite_Model_Management) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐ms6sw Cached time: 20240712162833 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.034 seconds Real time usage: 0.047 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 11/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 288/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 3/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 326/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.018/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 628298/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 41.828 1 Template:Seealso 100.00% 41.828 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:67642711-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712162833 and revision id 1204483339. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Elite Model Management models" The following 75 pages are in this category, out of 75 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Alisa Ahmann (/wiki/Alisa_Ahmann) Adesuwa Aighewi (/wiki/Adesuwa_Aighewi) Adut Akech (/wiki/Adut_Akech) Alewya (/wiki/Alewya) Olivia Anakwe (/wiki/Olivia_Anakwe) B Molly Bair (/wiki/Molly_Bair) Julia Banaś (/wiki/Julia_Bana%C5%9B) Ruth and May Bell (/wiki/Ruth_and_May_Bell) Samile Bermannelli (/wiki/Samile_Bermannelli) Alex Binaris (/wiki/Alex_Binaris) Daniela Braga (/wiki/Daniela_Braga) Juana Burga (/wiki/Juana_Burga) Alicia Burke (/wiki/Alicia_Burke) C Akon Changkou (/wiki/Akon_Changkou) Naomi Chin Wing (/wiki/Naomi_Chin_Wing) Aiden Curtiss (/wiki/Aiden_Curtiss) D Marine Deleeuw (/wiki/Marine_Deleeuw) Charlotte Di Calypso (/wiki/Charlotte_Di_Calypso) Dewi Driegen (/wiki/Dewi_Driegen) Jourdan Dunn (/wiki/Jourdan_Dunn) E Amilna Estêvão (/wiki/Amilna_Est%C3%AAv%C3%A3o) F Faretta (/wiki/Faretta) Gisele Fox (/wiki/Gisele_Fox) G Alexina Graham (/wiki/Alexina_Graham) H Willow Hand (/wiki/Willow_Hand) Madison Headrick (/wiki/Madison_Headrick) Bregje Heinen (/wiki/Bregje_Heinen) Greta Hofer (model) (/wiki/Greta_Hofer_(model)) J Jacquelyn Jablonski (/wiki/Jacquelyn_Jablonski) Kendall Jenner (/wiki/Kendall_Jenner) Aya Jones (/wiki/Aya_Jones) HoYeon Jung (/wiki/HoYeon_Jung) K Charlotte Kemp Muhl (/wiki/Charlotte_Kemp_Muhl) Hannelore Knuts (/wiki/Hannelore_Knuts) Birgit Kos (/wiki/Birgit_Kos) Harleth Kuusik (/wiki/Harleth_Kuusik) L Joséphine Le Tutour (/wiki/Jos%C3%A9phine_Le_Tutour) Adriana Lima (/wiki/Adriana_Lima) Keke Lindgard (/wiki/Keke_Lindgard) Liu Wen (model) (/wiki/Liu_Wen_(model)) Rebecca Leigh Longendyke (/wiki/Rebecca_Leigh_Longendyke) M Yuka Mannami (/wiki/Yuka_Mannami) Britney Manson (/wiki/Britney_Manson) Nina Marker (/wiki/Nina_Marker) Nyasha Matonhodze (/wiki/Nyasha_Matonhodze) Catherine McNeil (/wiki/Catherine_McNeil) Enikő Mihalik (/wiki/Enik%C5%91_Mihalik) Mijo Mihaljcic (/wiki/Mijo_Mihaljcic) N Mayowa Nicholas (/wiki/Mayowa_Nicholas) Caroline Brasch Nielsen (/wiki/Caroline_Brasch_Nielsen) Nyagua Ruea (/wiki/Nyagua_Ruea) O Natalie Ogg (/wiki/Natalie_Ogg) P Africa Peñalver (/wiki/Africa_Pe%C3%B1alver) Jourdana Phillips (/wiki/Jourdana_Phillips) Anais Pouliot (/wiki/Anais_Pouliot) R Crystal Renn (/wiki/Crystal_Renn) Ansolet Rossouw (/wiki/Ansolet_Rossouw) S Sara Sampaio (/wiki/Sara_Sampaio) Jasmine Sanders (/wiki/Jasmine_Sanders) Rina Sawayama (/wiki/Rina_Sawayama) Irina Shayk (/wiki/Irina_Shayk) Josephine Skriver (/wiki/Josephine_Skriver) Arlenis Sosa (/wiki/Arlenis_Sosa) Lara Stone (/wiki/Lara_Stone) Fran Summers (/wiki/Fran_Summers) Fei Fei Sun (/wiki/Fei_Fei_Sun) Candice Swanepoel (/wiki/Candice_Swanepoel) T Bruna Tenório (/wiki/Bruna_Ten%C3%B3rio) Jasmine Tookes (/wiki/Jasmine_Tookes) Tristan Tymen (/wiki/Tristan_Tymen) V Anne Vyalitsyna (/wiki/Anne_Vyalitsyna) W Sara Grace Wallerstedt (/wiki/Sara_Grace_Wallerstedt) Yasmin Wijnaldum (/wiki/Yasmin_Wijnaldum) Lindsey Wixson (/wiki/Lindsey_Wixson) X Ming Xi (/wiki/Ming_Xi) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Elite_Model_Management_models&oldid=1204483339 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Elite_Model_Management_models&oldid=1204483339) " Category (/wiki/Help:Category) : Models by modeling agency (/wiki/Category:Models_by_modeling_agency) |
Former trade union of the United Kingdom NUTGW National Union of Tailors and Garment Workers Merged into General, Municipal and Boilermakers and Allied Trades Union (/wiki/General,_Municipal_and_Boilermakers_and_Allied_Trades_Union) Founded 1920 Dissolved 1991 Headquarters 14 Kensington Square (/wiki/Kensington_Square) , London Location United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) Members 118,700 (1945) Affiliations TUC (/wiki/Trade_Union_Congress) , Labour (/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)) The National Union of Tailors and Garment Workers ( NUTGW ) was a trade union (/wiki/Trade_union) in the United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) . History [ edit ] The union was founded as the Tailors and Garment Workers' Union ( T&GWU ) in 1920 with the merger of the Scottish Operative Tailors and Tailoresses' Association (/wiki/Scottish_Operative_Tailors_and_Tailoresses%27_Association) and the United Garment Workers' Union (/wiki/United_Garment_Workers%27_Union) . In 1932, it was joined by the Amalgamated Society of Tailors and Tailoresses (/wiki/Amalgamated_Society_of_Tailors_and_Tailoresses) and renamed itself as the "National Union of Tailors and Garment Workers". In 1939 it absorbed the United Ladies Tailors' Trade Union (/wiki/United_Ladies_Tailors%27_Trade_Union) . [1] (#cite_note-Archives-1) The NUTGW had 118,700 members in 1945, making it the tenth largest union in Britain. [2] (#cite_note-Marsh-2) It absorbed the Manchester-based Waterproof Garment Workers' Trade Union (/wiki/Waterproof_Garment_Workers%27_Trade_Union) in 1972. [1] (#cite_note-Archives-1) The NUTGW faced a long-term decline in membership over the second half of the 20th century as the number of workers employed in the British clothing industry (/wiki/Clothing_industry) shrunk. This was largely due to competition with foreign manufacturers. By 1990 membership had fallen to less than 70,000, from a peak of over 130,000 in 1950. [3] (#cite_note-Waddington-3) The NUTGW merged into the General, Municipal, Boilermakers and Allied Trades Union (/wiki/General,_Municipal,_Boilermakers_and_Allied_Trades_Union) in 1991. [1] (#cite_note-Archives-1) Election results [ edit ] The union sponsored a Labour Party (/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)) Member of Parliament from 1958 until 1964. [4] (#cite_note-lab59-4) Election Constituency Candidate Votes Percentage Position 1958 by-election (/wiki/1958_Shoreditch_and_Finsbury_by-election) Shoreditch and Finsbury (/wiki/Shoreditch_and_Finsbury_(UK_Parliament_constituency)) Michael Cliffe (/wiki/Michael_Cliffe) 10,215 76.0 1 1959 general election (/wiki/1959_United_Kingdom_general_election) Shoreditch and Finsbury (/wiki/Shoreditch_and_Finsbury_(UK_Parliament_constituency)) Michael Cliffe (/wiki/Michael_Cliffe) 22,744 67.0 1 General Secretaries [ edit ] 1920: Andrew Conley (/wiki/Andrew_Conley) 1948: Anne Loughlin (/wiki/Anne_Loughlin) 1953: John E. Newton (/wiki/John_E._Newton) 1969: Jack Macgougan (/wiki/Jack_Macgougan) 1979: Alec Smith (/wiki/Alec_Smith_(trade_unionist)) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c "National Union of Tailors and Garment Workers 1926–1989" (http://archiveshub.ac.uk/features/0408nutgw.html) . Archives Hub . University of Warwick Library . Retrieved 14 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-Marsh_2-0) Marsh, Arthur (1979). Trade Union Handbook: A Guide and Directory to the Structure, Membership, Policy and Personnel of the British Trade Unions . Westmead, Hants.: Gower Press. p. 14. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-566-02091-2 . Retrieved 16 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-Waddington_3-0) Waddington, Jeremy; Kahmann, Marcus; Hoffmann, Jürgen. A Comparison of the Trade Union Merger Process in Britain and Germany: Joining forces? . Routledge Research in Employment Relations. Abingdon: Routledge (/wiki/Routledge) . pp. 59–60. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-415-35378-5 . Retrieved 17 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-lab59_4-0) Labour Party (/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)) , Report of the Fifty-Eighth Annual Conference of the Labour Party , pp.179-201 External links [ edit ] Catalogue of the NUTGW archives (https://mrc.epexio.com/records/TLG) , held at the Modern Records Centre, University of Warwick (/wiki/Modern_Records_Centre,_University_of_Warwick) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/158524430) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nb2004314479) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐6cc9f7fdd7‐r2vvt Cached time: 20240715143857 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.561 seconds Real time usage: 0.700 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1391/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 17817/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1274/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 19747/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.377/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4812063/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 624.569 1 -total 29.57% 184.667 1 Template:Reflist 26.02% 162.524 1 Template:Authority_control 24.72% 154.370 1 Template:Infobox_union 22.12% 138.172 1 Template:Cite_web 19.88% 124.148 1 Template:Infobox 17.03% 106.352 1 Template:Short_description 9.45% 59.019 2 Template:Pagetype 5.51% 34.399 2 Template:Unbulleted_list 4.75% 29.636 5 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:24512502-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715143857 and revision id 1072318055. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Union_of_Tailors_and_Garment_Workers&oldid=1072318055 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Union_of_Tailors_and_Garment_Workers&oldid=1072318055) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Trade unions established in 1920 (/wiki/Category:Trade_unions_established_in_1920) Trade unions disestablished in 1991 (/wiki/Category:Trade_unions_disestablished_in_1991) Defunct trade unions of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Defunct_trade_unions_of_the_United_Kingdom) Clothing industry trade unions (/wiki/Category:Clothing_industry_trade_unions) 1920 establishments in the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:1920_establishments_in_the_United_Kingdom) GMB (trade union) amalgamations (/wiki/Category:GMB_(trade_union)_amalgamations) Trade unions based in London (/wiki/Category:Trade_unions_based_in_London) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with LCCN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers) |
2016 film directed by Nicolas Winding Refn The Neon Demon Theatrical release poster Directed by Nicolas Winding Refn (/wiki/Nicolas_Winding_Refn) Screenplay by Mary Laws Nicolas Winding Refn Polly Stenham (/wiki/Polly_Stenham) Story by Nicolas Winding Refn Produced by Lene Børglum (/wiki/Lene_B%C3%B8rglum) Nicolas Winding Refn Starring Elle Fanning (/wiki/Elle_Fanning) Karl Glusman (/wiki/Karl_Glusman) Jena Malone (/wiki/Jena_Malone) Bella Heathcote (/wiki/Bella_Heathcote) Abbey Lee (/wiki/Abbey_Lee) Desmond Harrington (/wiki/Desmond_Harrington) Christina Hendricks (/wiki/Christina_Hendricks) Keanu Reeves (/wiki/Keanu_Reeves) Cinematography Natasha Braier (/wiki/Natasha_Braier) Edited by Matthew Newman Music by Cliff Martinez (/wiki/Cliff_Martinez) Production companies Wild Bunch (/wiki/Wild_Bunch_(company)) Gaumont (/wiki/Gaumont_Film_Company) Space Rocket Nation (/wiki/Space_Rocket_Nation) Vendian Entertainment Bold Films (/wiki/Bold_Films) Danish Film Institute (/wiki/Danish_Film_Institute) Distributed by Amazon Studios (/wiki/Amazon_Studios) Broad Green Pictures (/wiki/Broad_Green_Pictures) (United States) Scanbox Entertainment (Denmark) The Jokers Le Pacte (France) Release dates May 20, 2016 ( 2016-05-20 ) ( Cannes (/wiki/2016_Cannes_Film_Festival) ) June 8, 2016 ( 2016-06-08 ) (France) June 9, 2016 ( 2016-06-09 ) (Denmark) June 24, 2016 ( 2016-06-24 ) (United States) Running time 117 minutes [1] (#cite_note-1) Countries France Denmark United States Language English Budget $7.5 million [2] (#cite_note-The_Numbers-2) Box office $3.6 million [2] (#cite_note-The_Numbers-2) The Neon Demon is a 2016 psychological horror (/wiki/Psychological_horror) film [3] (#cite_note-3) directed by Nicolas Winding Refn (/wiki/Nicolas_Winding_Refn) , co-written by Mary Laws, Polly Stenham (/wiki/Polly_Stenham) , and Refn, and starring Elle Fanning (/wiki/Elle_Fanning) . The plot follows an aspiring model in Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) whose beauty and youth generate intense fascination and envy within the fashion industry. Supporting roles are played by Karl Glusman (/wiki/Karl_Glusman) , Jena Malone (/wiki/Jena_Malone) , Bella Heathcote (/wiki/Bella_Heathcote) , Abbey Lee (/wiki/Abbey_Lee) , Desmond Harrington (/wiki/Desmond_Harrington) , Christina Hendricks (/wiki/Christina_Hendricks) , and Keanu Reeves (/wiki/Keanu_Reeves) . An international co-production (/wiki/International_co-production) between France (/wiki/Cinema_of_France) , Denmark (/wiki/Cinema_of_Denmark) , and the United States (/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States) , the film competed for the Palme d'Or (/wiki/Palme_d%27Or) at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival (/wiki/2016_Cannes_Film_Festival) , [4] (#cite_note-IW-4) [5] (#cite_note-VarCannes-5) the third consecutive film directed by Refn to do so, following Drive (/wiki/Drive_(2011_film)) (2011) and Only God Forgives (/wiki/Only_God_Forgives) (2013). In the United States, the film was released theatrically on June 24, 2016 by Amazon Studios (/wiki/Amazon_Studios) and Broad Green Pictures (/wiki/Broad_Green_Pictures) . It opened to polarized reviews with praise for Refn's direction, Malone and Fanning's performances, Martinez's score and particular praise for Braier's cinematography, with the screenplay and graphic content receiving criticism. It ultimately grossed $3.6 million against a production budget of $7.5 million. [2] (#cite_note-The_Numbers-2) Plot [ edit ] Following the unexplained deaths of her parents, sixteen-year-old aspiring model Jesse has just moved from a small unnamed town in Georgia (/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)) to Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) . She meets photographer Dean, who does her first shoot, and makeup artist Ruby, who introduces fellow older models Gigi and Sarah, who are interested in her physical appearance and in her sexual experiences, which Jesse pretends to have had. Jesse is signed by Roberta Hoffman, the owner of a modeling agency, who tells her to pretend that she is nineteen and refers her to a test shoot with notable photographer Jack McCarther. The shoot is successful, and Gigi and Sarah envy Jesse's youth. Jesse goes to a casting call (/wiki/Casting_call) for fashion designer Robert Sarno where Sarah is also present. Sarno pays no attention to Sarah but is entranced by Jesse's beauty. Distraught, Sarah asks her how it feels to be the one everyone admires. Jesse admits, "It's everything," and Sarah lunges toward her, cutting Jesse's hand on the glass. Sarah sucks the blood from Jesse's hand and Jesse rushes back to her motel and faints, hallucinating as she sees abstract imagery. At Sarno's fashion show, Gigi talks to Jesse about cosmetic surgery (/wiki/Cosmetic_surgery) . As Jesse is closing the show, she has hallucinations of abstract triangular shapes and reflections of herself. After the show, Jesse goes out with Dean to a bar, where Sarno negatively contrasts Gigi's surgically-enhanced looks to Jesse's natural beauty. Dean finds the conversation unpleasant and attempts to leave with Jesse, who refuses, now espousing a narcissistic (/wiki/Narcissism) persona. Jesse has a nightmare of being forced by Hank, the lecherous motel owner, to sexually swallow a knife. She wakes up to hear someone fidgeting with her door lock. She engages the deadbolt and hears the intruder break into the next room, assaulting the thirteen-year-old female occupant inside. Terrified, she calls Ruby, who invites Jesse to her home. Ruby makes sexual advances towards Jesse, who immediately rejects them. Jesse reveals to Ruby that she is a virgin, whereupon Ruby goes to her second job as a cosmetologist at a morgue (/wiki/Morgue) and pleasures herself with a female corpse (/wiki/Necrophilia) . Ruby returns home, where Jesse encounters Gigi and Sarah, who, along with Ruby, chase Jesse, causing her to fall into a deep, empty pool, and the women butcher Jesse with knives and consume parts of her body (/wiki/Human_cannibalism) , before bathing in her blood. Ruby is revealed to have occult (/wiki/Occult) tattoos. She lies in Jesse's unmarked grave, and later, nude, in her house, as a torrent of blood gushes from her genitals. The next day, Gigi and Sarah attend one of Jack's shoots with another model named Annie. Jack is suddenly enthralled by Sarah and fires Annie. In the midst of the shoot, Gigi runs off set, suddenly ill. Sarah watches Gigi vomit up one of Jesse's eyeballs. She screams with regret, "I need to get her out of me," and stabs herself with a pair of scissors. Sarah watches Gigi die and eats the regurgitated eyeball before returning to the shoot. In the end credits' scene, a woman, whose face is not shown, walks alone in the Mojave Desert (/wiki/Mojave_Desert) . Cast [ edit ] Elle Fanning (/wiki/Elle_Fanning) as Jesse Karl Glusman (/wiki/Karl_Glusman) as Dean Jena Malone (/wiki/Jena_Malone) as Ruby Bella Heathcote (/wiki/Bella_Heathcote) as Gigi Abbey Lee (/wiki/Abbey_Lee) as Sarah Desmond Harrington (/wiki/Desmond_Harrington) as Jack McCarther Christina Hendricks (/wiki/Christina_Hendricks) as Roberta Hoffman Keanu Reeves (/wiki/Keanu_Reeves) as Hank Alessandro Nivola (/wiki/Alessandro_Nivola) as Robert Sarno Charles Baker (/wiki/Charles_Baker_(actor)) as Mikey Jamie Clayton (/wiki/Jamie_Clayton) as Casting Director Jodie Turner-Smith (/wiki/Jodie_Turner-Smith) as Roberta Hoffman's Assistant Houda Shretah as Sarno's assistant Production [ edit ] Director Nicolas Winding Refn (/wiki/Nicolas_Winding_Refn) promoting the film at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival (/wiki/2016_Cannes_Film_Festival) . On October 22, 2013, it was announced that Refn's new film after Only God Forgives (/wiki/Only_God_Forgives) would be a Miami- or Tokyo-set "all-female horror" with "lots of sex" called I Walk with the Dead , with Carey Mulligan (/wiki/Carey_Mulligan) attached to star and Polly Stenham (/wiki/Polly_Stenham) writing the script. [6] (#cite_note-6) On November 3, 2014, Refn's production company Space Rocket Nation (/wiki/Space_Rocket_Nation) alongside its co-financiers Gaumont Film Company (/wiki/Gaumont_Film_Company) and Wild Bunch (/wiki/Wild_Bunch_(film_company)) announced that Refn's next film would be titled The Neon Demon , to be filmed in Los Angeles in early 2015. [7] (#cite_note-7) Refn commented on the conception of the project: "I woke up one morning a couple of years ago and was like, 'Well, I was never born beautiful, but my wife is,' and I wondered what it had been like going through life with that reality," he says. "I came up with the idea to do a horror film about beauty, not to criticize it or to attack it, but because beauty is a very complex subject. Everyone has an opinion about it." [8] (#cite_note-bg-8) In January 2015, Dazed (/wiki/Dazed) reported that the script for the film was inspired by Elizabeth Báthory (/wiki/Elizabeth_B%C3%A1thory) . [9] (#cite_note-9) In discussing the script, which Refn co-wrote with Mary Laws, he stated: "I decided that I'd made enough films about violent men, and I wanted to do a film with only women in the film, and so I did this story because my wife would only go to L.A. if we had to travel out of Copenhagen. She's like, 'I'm done with Asia. I will only do Los Angeles.' And so I came up with an idea and went to L.A., and I cast this woman called Elle Fanning who is absolutely fantastic, and she played the lead." [10] (#cite_note-10) In subsequent interviews, Refn stated that he visualized the film as an "adult fairy tale (/wiki/Fairy_tale) ." [8] (#cite_note-bg-8) Casting [ edit ] Star Elle Fanning (/wiki/Elle_Fanning) at the Cannes Film Festival. On January 6, 2015, Elle Fanning (/wiki/Elle_Fanning) joined the film to play an aspiring model, caught in a world of beauty and demise. [11] (#cite_note-FanningCast-11) Fanning came to Refn's attention because of his wife, who had been impressed by her performance in an earlier film. [12] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTERefnFanning201618:30-12) On January 29, Abbey Lee (/wiki/Abbey_Lee) was added to the cast to play the role of Sarah. [13] (#cite_note-KershawCast-13) On February 5, more cast was added to the film, including Keanu Reeves (/wiki/Keanu_Reeves) , Christina Hendricks (/wiki/Christina_Hendricks) , Jena Malone (/wiki/Jena_Malone) and Bella Heathcote (/wiki/Bella_Heathcote) . [14] (#cite_note-ReevesHendricksCast-14) On March 17, 2015, Karl Glusman (/wiki/Karl_Glusman) was set to star in the film. [15] (#cite_note-GlusmanCast-15) Desmond Harrington (/wiki/Desmond_Harrington) was added to the cast on March 30, 2015. [16] (#cite_note-HarringtonCast-16) Filming [ edit ] Principal photography (/wiki/Principal_photography) on the film began in Los Angeles on March 30, 2015. [17] (#cite_note-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) Locations included downtown Los Angeles, while the motel sequences were shot on location at a real motel in Pasadena (/wiki/Pasadena,_California) . [19] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTERefnFanning201616:39-19) Natasha Braier (/wiki/Natasha_Braier) was hired as the film's cinematographer (/wiki/Cinematographer) . [20] (#cite_note-20) Soundtrack [ edit ] Composer Cliff Martinez, who collaborated with director Refn on Drive , stated the films have similar styles, musically speaking, noting that for The Neon Demon he sought a "sparse electronic score." [21] (#cite_note-cliff-21) He stated in an interview that the first half of the film resembles "a melodrama like Valley of the Dolls (/wiki/Valley_of_the_Dolls_(film)) , and the second half is like The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (/wiki/The_Texas_Chain_Saw_Massacre) ." [21] (#cite_note-cliff-21) According to Refn and Martinez the soundtrack was influenced by Giorgio Moroder (/wiki/Giorgio_Moroder) , Goblin (/wiki/Goblin_(band)) , Kraftwerk (/wiki/Kraftwerk) , Vangelis (/wiki/Vangelis) and Tangerine Dream (/wiki/Tangerine_Dream) . [22] (#cite_note-22) [23] (#cite_note-23) [24] (#cite_note-24) The soundtrack for the film was released on June 24, 2016, physically and through digital download, before being released on vinyl (/wiki/Gramophone_record) on July 8, 2016, by Milan Records (/wiki/Milan_Records) . [25] (#cite_note-25) Sia (/wiki/Sia) composed an original song for the film titled "Waving Goodbye". [26] (#cite_note-26) On May 24, 2016, at the Cannes Soundtrack 2016 awards, Cliff Martinez was recognized best composer of the Cannes film festival for his soundtrack to The Neon Demon . [27] (#cite_note-27) Refn's nephew (and actress Brigitte Nielsen (/wiki/Brigitte_Nielsen) 's son) Julian Winding contributed two tracks: "Demon Dance" and "Mine", the latter performed by his band Sweet Tempest. [28] (#cite_note-28) An album of songs selected by Refn that inspired The Neon Demon was released in 2017 under the title The Wicked Die Young (/wiki/The_Wicked_Die_Young) . [29] (#cite_note-29) [30] (#cite_note-30) Release [ edit ] In November 2015, Amazon Studios (/wiki/Amazon_Studios) acquired distribution rights to the film in the United States, [31] (#cite_note-Distribution-31) in partnership with Broad Green Pictures (/wiki/Broad_Green_Pictures) . [32] (#cite_note-32) The Jokers distributed the film in France. [31] (#cite_note-Distribution-31) Scanbox Entertainment distributed the film in Denmark. [33] (#cite_note-SCAN-33) The film had its world premiere at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival (/wiki/69th_Cannes_Film_Festival) on May 20, 2016, [4] (#cite_note-IW-4) [5] (#cite_note-VarCannes-5) [34] (#cite_note-34) before it was released in France on June 8, 2016. [35] (#cite_note-35) The film was then released in Denmark on June 9, [33] (#cite_note-SCAN-33) followed by the wide release (/wiki/Wide_release) in the United States on June 24, 2016. [36] (#cite_note-36) [37] (#cite_note-37) [38] (#cite_note-38) The film was released on DVD (/wiki/DVD) and Blu-ray (/wiki/Blu-ray) on September 27, 2016. Critical response [ edit ] The Neon Demon received a mixed response from critics. Much like Refn's previous film, Only God Forgives (/wiki/Only_God_Forgives) , the film received both boos and a standing ovation during its premiere at Cannes Film Festival. [39] (#cite_note-39) [40] (#cite_note-40) It holds a 59% approval rating on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes (/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes) , based on 260 reviews, with an average rating of 6/10. The site's consensus reads, " The Neon Demon is seductively stylish, but Nicolas Winding Refn's assured eye can't quite compensate for an underdeveloped plot and thinly written characters." [41] (#cite_note-41) On Metacritic (/wiki/Metacritic) , the film has a score of 51 out of 100, based on 45 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". [42] (#cite_note-42) Writing a four star review in The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) , Mark Kermode (/wiki/Mark_Kermode) said it was "a film driven by the same guilty pleasures that have long underpinned Refn's work", and had particular praise for the performance of Malone. [43] (#cite_note-43) Robbie Collin (/wiki/Robbie_Collin) of The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) gave the film five out of five stars, stating, "When the film reaches its logical end point, Refn just keeps pushing, and eventually lands on a sequence so jaw-dropping – almost certainly a sly, glossy-magazine refashioning of Luis Buñuel (/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel) and Salvador Dali (/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD) 's groundbreaking surrealist short Un Chien Andalou (/wiki/Un_Chien_Andalou) – that all you can do is howl or cheer." [44] (#cite_note-44) Tirdad Derakhshani, writing for The Philadelphia Inquirer (/wiki/The_Philadelphia_Inquirer) , called Refn a "bold visionary artist... able to revel in the culture of instant gratification while also subjecting it to critique", giving the film three and a half out of four stars and calling it a "brutal masterpiece". [45] (#cite_note-45) Rene Rodriguez of The Miami Herald (/wiki/Miami_Herald) wrote positively of the film's visuals and experimental filmmaking, writing, "To complain that The Neon Demon lacks substance or that it doesn't have anything to say about our cultural obsession with beauty is to miss the crazy, cracked pageant unfolding in front of you. Not all movies are intended to be read like books; some are meant to be experienced," going on to call it a "film that is guaranteed to elicit strong reactions." He awarded the film three out of four stars. [46] (#cite_note-46) The writer Natasha Stagg (/wiki/Natasha_Stagg) interpreted the film through René Girard's (/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Girard) theory of mimetic desire (/wiki/Mimetic_theory) , [47] (#cite_note-47) and speculated that its box office failure was due to its substance being "too close to its own target". [48] (#cite_note-48) Owen Gleiberman of Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) gave the film a mixed review: "A horror film is what The Neon Demon is (sort of). It’s set in the Los Angeles fashion world, and it’s the kind of movie in which models look like mannequins that look like slasher-film corpses, and corpses look like love objects. Beauty mingles with mangled flesh, and each fastidiously slick image seems to have come out of Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me (/wiki/Twin_Peaks:_Fire_Walk_with_Me) or The Shining (/wiki/The_Shining_(film)) or a very sick version of a Calvin Klein (/wiki/Calvin_Klein) commercial. Every scene, every shot, every line of dialogue, every pause is so hypnotically composed, so luxuriously overdeliberate, that the audience can't help but assume that Refn knows exactly what he's doing – that he's setting us up for the kill. He is, but not if you're on the lookout for a movie that makes sense. (Oh, that .)" [49] (#cite_note-49) Todd McCarthy of The Hollywood Reporter (/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter) gave the film a negative review and called it "[a] stultifyingly vapid, ponderously paced allegorical critique of the modeling world whose seethingly jealous inhabitants can't wait to literally chew each other up and spit each other out". Glenn Kenny (/wiki/Glenn_Kenny) of The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) criticized the film as "ridiculous and puerile," and opined, "Mr. Refn composes striking images, but they're all secondhand: faux Fellini (/wiki/Federico_Fellini) , faux David Lynch (/wiki/David_Lynch) and so on." [50] (#cite_note-50) The Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) ' s Tim Robey deemed The Neon Demon the "most offensive film of the year," specifically citing its necrophilia sequence as exploitative, though he conceded it is not "any fault of Malone’s, who commits herself utterly to making it an anguished, desperate, if inevitably revolting minute or so of screen time. It’s a question of context, and how this scene – which stands alone, advancing nothing in the overall arc of the story, and is one of very few not to feature Fanning – slots into the film’s overall thesis." [51] (#cite_note-51) The French film magazine Cahiers du cinéma (/wiki/Cahiers_du_cin%C3%A9ma) named The Neon Demon the third-best film of 2016. [52] (#cite_note-52) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) " (https://bbfc.co.uk/releases/neon-demon-film) The Neon Demon (18)" (https://bbfc.co.uk/releases/neon-demon-film) . British Board of Film Classification (/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification) . June 6, 2016 . Retrieved June 6, 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "The Neon Demon (2016)" (https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Neon-Demon-The#tab=summary) . The Numbers . Retrieved April 4, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Tallerico, Brian. "A Horror Film About Beauty: Nicolas Winding Refn & Elle Fanning on "The Neon Demon" - Interviews - Roger Ebert" (https://rogerebert.com/interviews/a-horror-film-about-beauty-nicolas-winding-refn-and-elle-fanning-on-the-neon-demon) . ^ Jump up to: a b "2016 Cannes Film Festival Announces Lineup" (https://indiewire.com/article/cannes-live-stream-2016-film-festival-lineup-list) . IndieWire . April 14, 2016 . Retrieved April 14, 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Cannes 2016: Film Festival Unveils Official Selection Lineup" (https://variety.com/2016/film/festivals/cannes-film-festival-official-selection-lineup-2016-1201753269/) . Variety . April 14, 2016 . Retrieved April 14, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Nicolas Winding Refn's Next Film Is 'I Walk With The Dead' (https://www.slashfilm.com/532180/nicolas-winding-refn-i-walk-with-the-dead/) " (https://www.slashfilm.com/532180/nicolas-winding-refn-i-walk-with-the-dead/) . June 6, 2014 . Retrieved June 6, 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Nordisk Film & TV Fond :: Nicolas Winding Refn Readies Danish/French Horror Tale" (http://www.nordiskfilmogtvfond.com/index.php/news/stories/nicolas-winding-refn-readies-danishfrench-horror-tale/) . Retrieved January 20, 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Feldberg, Isaac (June 20, 2016). "Director Nicolas Winding Refn sees 'Neon Demon' as an adult fairy tale" (https://archive.today/20190331015320/https://www.bostonglobe.com/lifestyle/names/2016/06/20/director-refn-sees-neon-demon-adult-fairy-tale/uyU0cSjva8rnnIEc1mUXfK/story.html) . The Boston Globe (/wiki/The_Boston_Globe) . Archived from the original (https://www.bostonglobe.com/lifestyle/names/2016/06/20/director-refn-sees-neon-demon-adult-fairy-tale/uyU0cSjva8rnnIEc1mUXfK/story.html) on March 31, 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Taylor, Trey (January 2015). "Five things we know about Nicolas Winding Refn's new film" (http://www.dazeddigital.com/artsandculture/article/23643/1/five-things-we-know-about-nicolas-winding-refn-s-new-film) . Dazed . Retrieved April 12, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Shaw-Williams, H. (September 7, 2015). "Nicolas Winding Refn on The Neon Demon's Female-Dominated Cast" (https://screenrant.com/nicolas-winding-refn-neon-demon-elle-fanning/) . Screen Rant (/wiki/Screen_Rant) . Retrieved December 17, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-FanningCast_11-0) Sneider, Jeff (January 6, 2015). "Elle Fanning to Star in Nicolas Winding Refn's Horror Movie 'Neon Demon' (Exclusive)" (https://thewrap.com/elle-fanning-to-star-in-nicolas-winding-refns-horror-movie-neon-demon-exclusive/) . thewrap.com . Retrieved February 6, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERefnFanning201618:30_12-0) Refn & Fanning 2016 (#CITEREFRefnFanning2016) , 18:30. ^ (#cite_ref-KershawCast_13-0) Fleming, Mike Jr. (January 29, 2015). "Nicolas Winding Refn Sets Abbey Lee To Star In 'Neon Demon' (https://deadline.com/2015/01/nicolas-winding-refn-abbey-lee-neon-demon-1201362757/) " (https://deadline.com/2015/01/nicolas-winding-refn-abbey-lee-neon-demon-1201362757/) . Deadline Hollywood . Retrieved February 6, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-ReevesHendricksCast_14-0) Keslassy, Elsa (February 5, 2015). "Keanu Reeves, Christina Hendricks Join Cast of Nicolas Refn's 'The Neon Demon' (https://variety.com/2015/film/global/keanu-reeves-christina-hendricks-join-cast-of-nicolas-refns-the-neon-demon-1201424819/) " (https://variety.com/2015/film/global/keanu-reeves-christina-hendricks-join-cast-of-nicolas-refns-the-neon-demon-1201424819/) . variety.com . Retrieved February 6, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-GlusmanCast_15-0) Kroll, Justin (March 17, 2015). "Karl Glusman Signs With WME; Joins Nic Refn's 'The Neon Demon' (https://variety.com/2015/film/news/karl-glusman-elle-fanning-nic-refns-the-neon-demon-1201454772/) " (https://variety.com/2015/film/news/karl-glusman-elle-fanning-nic-refns-the-neon-demon-1201454772/) . Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) . Retrieved March 31, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-HarringtonCast_16-0) McNary, Dave (March 30, 2015). "Desmond Harrington Joins Elle Fanning in 'Neon Demon' (https://variety.com/2015/film/news/neon-demon-desmond-harrington-elle-fanning-nicolas-winding-refn-1201462480/) " (https://variety.com/2015/film/news/neon-demon-desmond-harrington-elle-fanning-nicolas-winding-refn-1201462480/) . variety.com . Retrieved March 31, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "On the Set for 3/30/15: Brad Pitt, Christian Bale & Ryan Gosling Start on 'The Big Short', Julianne Moore Wraps 'Maggie's Plan' & More" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160423163516/http://www.ssninsider.com/on-the-set-for-33015-brad-pitt-christian-bale-ryan-gosling-start-on-the-big-short-julianne-moore-wraps-maggies-plan-more/) . ssninsider.com. March 30, 2015. Archived from the original (http://www.ssninsider.com/on-the-set-for-33015-brad-pitt-christian-bale-ryan-gosling-start-on-the-big-short-julianne-moore-wraps-maggies-plan-more/) on April 23, 2016 . Retrieved March 31, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Lesnick, Silas (March 30, 2015). "Production Begins on Nicolas Winding Refn's The Neon Demon" (https://comingsoon.net/movies/news/424619-production-begins-on-nicolas-winding-refns-the-neon-demon) . comingsoon.net . Retrieved March 31, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERefnFanning201616:39_19-0) Refn & Fanning 2016 (#CITEREFRefnFanning2016) , 16:39. ^ (#cite_ref-20) Leigh, Danny (May 12, 2016). " (https://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/may/12/movie-blood-tastes-so-good-on-the-neon-demon-set-with-nicolas-winding-refn) 'Movie blood tastes so good' – on The Neon Demon set with Nicolas Winding Refn" (https://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/may/12/movie-blood-tastes-so-good-on-the-neon-demon-set-with-nicolas-winding-refn) . The Guardian . Retrieved May 16, 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b Miska, Brad (March 15, 2016). " (https://bloody-disgusting.com/movie/3383375/neon-demon-valley-dolls-meets-texas-chainsaw-massacre/) 'The Neon Demon' Is 'Valley of the Dolls' Meets 'The Texas Chainsaw Massacre'?!" (https://bloody-disgusting.com/movie/3383375/neon-demon-valley-dolls-meets-texas-chainsaw-massacre/) . Bloody-Disgusting . Retrieved April 16, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Nicolas Winding Refn, Vinyl Curator" (https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/20/t-magazine/nicolas-winding-refn-vinyl-curator.html) . The New York Times . May 20, 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-23) Martinez, Cliff (June 23, 2016). "Nicolas Winding Refn And Cliff Martinez Talk THE NEON DEMON" (http://cliff-martinez.com/2016/nicolas-winding-refn-and-cliff-martinez-talk-the-neon-demon/) . ^ (#cite_ref-24) " (http://uk.complex.com/pop-culture/2016/06/drive-the-neon-demon-cliff-martiniez-interview-spring-breakers/2) 'Drive' Composer Cliff Martinez on Writing the Most Fire Film Score of 2016" (http://uk.complex.com/pop-culture/2016/06/drive-the-neon-demon-cliff-martiniez-interview-spring-breakers/2) . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Jaugernauth, Kevin (April 12, 2016). "Full Soundtrack Details Revealed For Nicolas Winding Refn's 'The Neon Demon,' Summer Release Scheduled" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160525054154/http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/full-soundtrack-details-revealed-for-nicolas-winding-refns-the-neon-demon-summer-release-scheduled-20160412) . Indiewire.com (/wiki/Indiewire.com) . Archived from the original (http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/full-soundtrack-details-revealed-for-nicolas-winding-refns-the-neon-demon-summer-release-scheduled-20160412) on May 25, 2016 . Retrieved April 18, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) Evangelista, Chris (April 12, 2016). "Soundtrack Details and Release Date Info for Nicholas Winding Refn's The Neon Demon Revealed" (http://www.cutprintfilm.com/news-2/neon-demon-soundtrack/) . Cut Print Film . Retrieved April 18, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "Cliff Martinez – Best composer of Cannes Soundtrack 2016 | Cannessoundtrack" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160624214138/http://cannessoundtrack.com/cliff-martinez-best-compositor-of-cannes-soundtrack-2016/) . cannessoundtrack.com . Archived from the original (http://cannessoundtrack.com/cliff-martinez-best-compositor-of-cannes-soundtrack-2016/) on June 24, 2016 . Retrieved May 25, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) "Neon Demon OST" (https://www.amazon.co.uk/Neon-Demon-Vinyl-Cliff-Martinez/dp/B01GF7W2D4) . Amazon UK . 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-29) https://www.discogs.com/release/10060302-Nicolas-Winding-Refn-The-Wicked-Die-Young (https://www.discogs.com/release/10060302-Nicolas-Winding-Refn-The-Wicked-Die-Young) ^ (#cite_ref-30) "Release group "Nicolas Winding Refn Presents: The Wicked die Young" by Various Artists - MusicBrainz" (https://musicbrainz.org/release-group/0074be47-b028-4835-bb0e-987230c3c1e5) . ^ Jump up to: a b Evry, Max (November 9, 2015). "Amazon Acquires The Neon Demon, Plus New Elle Fanning Image" (https://comingsoon.net/movies/news/631161-amazon-acquires-the-neon-demon-plus-new-elle-fanning-image) . comingsoon.net . Retrieved November 10, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) Hipes, Patrick (May 10, 2016). "Amazon's 'The Neon Demon' U.S. Release Date Set As Broad Green Comes Aboard" (https://deadline.com/2016/05/the-neon-demon-release-date-amazon-broad-green-pictures-1201752649/) . Retrieved May 10, 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b "The Neon Demon" (http://www.scanbox.com/movies/the-neon-demon/) . Scanbox Entertainment . Retrieved May 4, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "Screenings Guide – 2016 Cannes Film Festival" (http://www.festival-cannes.fr/assets/File/WEB-2016/PDF/2016_HORAIRES%20CANNES%20web(2).pdf) (PDF) . May 16, 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-35) Hayes, Britt (April 10, 2016). " (https://screencrush.com/neon-demon-posters-image/) 'The Neon Demon' Reveals New Image and Fantastic Posters From Nicolas Winding Refn's Latest" (https://screencrush.com/neon-demon-posters-image/) . ScreenCrush.com . Retrieved May 4, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-36) Variety Staff (April 14, 2016). " (https://variety.com/2016/film/news/neon-demon-trailer-first-look-at-nicolas-winding-refns-horror-film-1201753752/) 'Neon Demon' Trailer: First Look at Nicolas Winding Refn's Horror Film" (https://variety.com/2016/film/news/neon-demon-trailer-first-look-at-nicolas-winding-refns-horror-film-1201753752/) . Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) . Retrieved April 18, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-37) Lowman, Rob (April 28, 2016). "See all the 2016 summer movies" (http://www.ocregister.com/articles/young-714052-new-world.html) . OcRegister.com . Retrieved April 29, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-38) D'Alessandro, Anthony (June 25, 2016). " (https://deadline.com/2016/06/independence-day-resurgence-finding-dory-shallows-free-state-of-jones-neon-demon-weekend-box-office-1201778773/) 'Dory' Swallows 'Resurgence'; 'Shallows' Rides $16M Wave; 'Free State of Jones' & 'Neon Demon' Wounded" (https://deadline.com/2016/06/independence-day-resurgence-finding-dory-shallows-free-state-of-jones-neon-demon-weekend-box-office-1201778773/) . Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) . Penske Business Media, LLC . Retrieved June 26, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-39) Nordine, Michael (May 19, 2016). " (https://indiewire.com/article/the-neon-demon-first-reactions-nicolas-winding-refn-cannes-20160519) 'The Neon Demon' First Reactions: Walkouts, Yelling at the Screen and a Five-Star Review in Cannes" (https://indiewire.com/article/the-neon-demon-first-reactions-nicolas-winding-refn-cannes-20160519) . Indiewire . Retrieved May 21, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-40) Barkan, Jonathan (May 19, 2016). " (https://bloody-disgusting.com/movie/3391788/neon-demon-booed-cannes/) 'The Neon Demon' Was Booed at Cannes" (https://bloody-disgusting.com/movie/3391788/neon-demon-booed-cannes/) . Bloody-Disgusting.com (/wiki/Bloody-Disgusting.com) . Retrieved May 19, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-41) "The Neon Demon (2016)" (https://rottentomatoes.com/m/the_neon_demon/) . Rotten Tomatoes (/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes) . Fandango Media (/wiki/Fandango_Media) . Retrieved December 8, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-42) "The Neon Demon reviews" (https://metacritic.com/movie/the-neon-demon) . Metacritic . Retrieved July 7, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-43) Kermode, Mark (July 10, 2016), "The Neon Demon review – beauty as the beast" (https://www.theguardian.com/film/2016/jul/10/the-neon-demon-review-nicholas-winding-refn) , The Guardian , retrieved March 18, 2021 ^ (#cite_ref-44) Collin, Robbie (May 19, 2016). "The Neon Demon's jaw-dropping depravity leaves Cannes reeling – review" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/films/2016/05/19/the-neon-demon-is-a-depraved-deliciously-divisive-nightmare---re/) . The Telegraph . Retrieved July 2, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-45) " (http://www.philly.com/philly/entertainment/20160624__Neon_Demon___Elle_Fanning_mesmerizes_in_brutal_masterpiece.html) 'Neon Demon': Elle Fanning mesmerizes in brutal masterpiece" (http://www.philly.com/philly/entertainment/20160624__Neon_Demon___Elle_Fanning_mesmerizes_in_brutal_masterpiece.html) . June 24, 2016 . Retrieved July 2, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-46) "We need to talk about 'The Neon Demon' (R)" (http://www.miami.com/we-need-talk-about-039the-neon-demon039-r-article) . Miami.com . Retrieved July 2, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-47) "The Neon Demon: Understanding The Link Between Horror and Fashion" (https://vmagazine.com/article/the-neon-demon-understanding-the-link-between-horror-and-fashion/) . V Magazine . Retrieved April 6, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-48) Stagg, Natasha (October 8, 2019). Sleeveless: Fashion, Image, Media, New York 2011-2019 . MIT Press. p. 98. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-63590-096-5 . ^ (#cite_ref-49) Gleiberman, Owen (May 19, 2016). "Cannes Film Review: 'The Neon Demon' (https://variety.com/2016/film/festivals/cannes-the-neon-demon-nicolas-winding-refn-elle-fanning-1201778544/) " (https://variety.com/2016/film/festivals/cannes-the-neon-demon-nicolas-winding-refn-elle-fanning-1201778544/) . Retrieved May 21, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-50) Kenny, Glenn (June 23, 2016). "Review: In 'The Neon Demon,' Beauty Masks a Rotting Core" (https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/24/movies/the-neon-demon-review-elle-fanning.html?platform=hootsuite) . The New York Times . Retrieved June 25, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-51) Robey, Tim (July 7, 2016). "The Neon Demon is the most offensive film of the year - and not because of the necrophilia" (https://archive.today/20190331002126/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/films/2016/07/07/the-neon-demon-is-the-most-offensive-film-of-the-year---and-not/) . The Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) . Archived from the original (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/films/2016/07/07/the-neon-demon-is-the-most-offensive-film-of-the-year---and-not/) on March 31, 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-52) "Top Ten 2016, Décembre 2016 n°728" (https://www.cahiersducinema.com/produit/decembre-2016-n728) . Cahiers du cinéma . Sources [ edit ] Refn, Nicolas Winding; Fanning, Elle (2016). The Neon Demon (Blu-ray audio commentary (/wiki/Audio_commentary) ). Broadgreen Pictures. External links [ edit ] The Neon Demon at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) The Neon Demon at AllMovie (/wiki/AllMovie) The Neon Demon at Box Office Mojo (/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo) The Neon Demon (https://www.metacritic.com/movie/the-neon-demon) at Metacritic (/wiki/Metacritic) The Neon Demon at Rotten Tomatoes (/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes) v t e Nicolas Winding Refn (/wiki/Nicolas_Winding_Refn) Films Pusher (/wiki/Pusher_(1996_film)) (1996) Bleeder (/wiki/Bleeder_(film)) (1999) Fear X (/wiki/Fear_X) (2003) Pusher II (/wiki/Pusher_II) (2004) Pusher 3 (/wiki/Pusher_3) (2005) Bronson (/wiki/Bronson_(film)) (2008) Valhalla Rising (/wiki/Valhalla_Rising_(film)) (2009) Drive (/wiki/Drive_(2011_film)) (2011) Only God Forgives (/wiki/Only_God_Forgives) (2013) The Neon Demon (2016) Television series Too Old to Die Young (/wiki/Too_Old_to_Die_Young) (2019) Copenhagen Cowboy (/wiki/Copenhagen_Cowboy) (2023) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐57bf8779db‐ssntl Cached time: 20240717195641 Cache expiry: 3600 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.633 seconds Real time usage: 0.764 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 4338/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 122193/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 12516/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 24/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 197011/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.383/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7939855/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 674.102 1 -total 40.60% 273.702 1 Template:Reflist 27.68% 186.572 36 Template:Cite_web 12.11% 81.605 1 Template:Infobox_film 10.65% 71.759 1 Template:IMDb_title 10.47% 70.581 1 Template:Nicolas_Winding_Refn 10.26% 69.149 1 Template:Navbox 10.19% 68.690 1 Template:Infobox 9.92% 66.857 1 Template:Short_description 6.07% 40.903 11 Template:Cite_news Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:45319501-0!canonical and timestamp 20240717195641 and revision id 1227772411. 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British businessman James Holder Born James Michael Holder December 1971 Studley, Warwickshire (/wiki/Studley,_Warwickshire) , England Occupation Businessman Known for Co-founder of Superdry (/wiki/Superdry) Founder of Jack1t (Liquidated) and Trench London (Inactive). James Holder is a British businessman who co-founded the fashion brand Superdry (/wiki/Superdry) . Early life [ edit ] Born in Studley, Warwickshire (/wiki/Studley,_Warwickshire) , he was brought up in Stratford-upon-Avon (/wiki/Stratford-upon-Avon) and went to college in Leamington Spa (/wiki/Leamington_Spa) where he studied graphic design. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) As a teenager, he enjoyed reading comics. [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) Holder started his career in fashion by selling T-shirts from the back of his mother's car at BMX (/wiki/BMX) events. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) He went on to found the skateboarder label Bench. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) He was made bankrupt in 1998. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) While running Bench, Holder met Julian Dunkerton (/wiki/Julian_Dunkerton) , who made a large order of Holder's products. [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) They later travelled to Japan together before founding Superdry. [3] (#cite_note-3) Career [ edit ] In 2003, Holder co-founded Superdry with Julian Dunkerton as a market stall in Cheltenham (/wiki/Cheltenham) . [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) In 2004, they opened the brand's first physical store in Covent Garden (/wiki/Covent_Garden) , London. [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) Holder was responsible for clothing design and brand development at the company. [6] (#cite_note-sportswear-international.com-6) Holder said that he and Dunkerton spotted a "huge gap" in the UK men's market. [7] (#cite_note-:4-7) He has said that the initial inspiration for the brand was Dunkerton's love of Americana (/wiki/Americana_(culture)) and his love of Japan and typography (/wiki/Typography) . [7] (#cite_note-:4-7) [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) In 2005, Superdry experienced a period of growth after David Beckham (/wiki/David_Beckham) was seen wearing the brand. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) In 2010, the business was floated. [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) Holder led Superdry's product innovation division until 2016. [8] (#cite_note-Brown-8) Holder also led SuperDesignLab, which was responsible for launching spin-off (/wiki/Corporate_spin-off) brand Superdry Sport. [9] (#cite_note-9) In 2016, Holder resigned from the company, but continues to hold a stake. [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) [6] (#cite_note-sportswear-international.com-6) In 2018, Holder joined fellow co-founder Julian Dunkerton (/wiki/Julian_Dunkerton) in criticising Superdry's business strategy, claiming that it was unable to compete with ASOS.com (/wiki/ASOS.com) . [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) [8] (#cite_note-Brown-8) [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) Personal life [ edit ] He lives with his wife Charlotte, a lawyer, and their son and daughter. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) [12] (#cite_note-12) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Strachan, Ian (26 January 2017). "Rich List 2017: No.27 – James Holder" (http://www.birminghampost.co.uk/business/rich-list-2017-no27-james-12444060) . birminghampost . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d "James Holder on creating fashion brand Superdry – DesignCurial" (http://www.designcurial.com/news/super-fly-4395135/) . www.designcurial.com . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Anthonymcgrath405 (15 May 2014). "The Superguy from Superdry, James Holder – Textual Conversation" (https://clothes-make-the-man.com/2014/05/15/the-superguy-from-superdry-james-holden-textual-conversation/) . CLOTHES MAKE THE MAN . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list) ) ^ Jump up to: a b Martin, Katie; Hodgson, Camilla (27 March 2018). "Co-founder of Superdry fashion chain steps down" (https://www.ft.com/content/5b5e725e-31aa-11e8-ac48-10c6fdc22f03) . Financial Times . Retrieved 6 March 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Hipwell, Deirdre (23 October 2018). "Second co-founder pours scorn on Superdry strategy" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/second-co-founder-pours-scorn-on-superdry-strategy-2br8hlwqw) . The Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0140-0460 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0140-0460) . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Resignation: Superdry co-founder James Holder steps down as brand and design director" (https://www.sportswear-international.com/news/stories/Resignation-Superdrys-co-founder-James-Holder-steps-down-as-brand-and-design-director-12059) . sportswear-international.com . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "The guy behind Superdry" (https://www.esquireme.com/style/superdry-interview) . Esquire Middle East . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b Brown, 23 October 2018By Harriet. "Superdry co-founder weighs in on strategy debate" (https://www.drapersonline.com/news/superdry-co-founder-weighs-in-on-strategy-debate) . Drapers . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list) ) ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Q&A with James Holder, Superdry Head of SuperDesign Lab and Co-Founder" (http://mwb-online.co/james-holder-superdry-head-superdesign-lab-co-founder/) . UK Fashion B2B Magazine . 25 July 2017 . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "James Holder Asos Boohoo.com defend Cheltenham-based Julian Dunkerton Superdry warning Times" (https://www.punchline-gloucester.com/articles/aanews/james-holder-asos-boohoo-com-defend-cheltenham-based-julian-dunkerton-superdry-warning-profits) . www.punchline-gloucester.com . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Second Superdry co-founder speaks out against the company's strategy" (https://www.theindustry.fashion/second-superdry-co-founder-speaks-out-against-the-companys-strategy/) . The Industry . 23 October 2018 . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Holder Design Limited" (https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/10178977/officers) . Companies House . Retrieved 7 July 2020 . 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Cambodian-American nail artist Bui (right) with a client in 2020 Cardi B showing off her Jenny Bui nails Bui's salon Jenny Bui (born c. 1969 ) is a Cambodian-American nail artist (/wiki/Nail_artist) known for her crystal-studded creations. She was named Nail Artist Influencer of the Year in 2019 and is known as "The Queen of Bling." Among her clients are Love & Hip Hop cast member Yandy Smith (/wiki/List_of_Love_%26_Hip_Hop:_New_York_cast_members) and rapper Cardi B (/wiki/Cardi_B) . Her designs have become part of Cardi B's signature look (/wiki/Signature_look) . Early life and education [ edit ] Bui was born around 1970 [1] (#cite_note-1) in Cambodia (/wiki/Cambodia) , one of nine children. [2] (#cite_note-morganFORBES27nov2019-2) [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) Her father was a cook and her mother a street vendor; both are Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_Cambodian) . [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) She was five when the Khmer Rouge (/wiki/Khmer_Rouge_rule_of_Cambodia) came into power, and her family fled when she was eight, spending years trying to escape; a younger brother died of starvation-related illness. [2] (#cite_note-morganFORBES27nov2019-2) [5] (#cite_note-Parrella-5) Bui and family members fled to Thailand, then Vietnam. [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) When she was fourteen she and her mother and a brother immigrated to Montreal, sponsored by an older brother who was already there. [2] (#cite_note-morganFORBES27nov2019-2) [5] (#cite_note-Parrella-5) She waited tables and picked strawberries, eventually getting a job in a dental office. [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) At 22 she married and in the 1990s moved to the Bronx (/wiki/The_Bronx) with her husband. [5] (#cite_note-Parrella-5) [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) She had her first child at 23 and her second at 25. [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) After her second child was born she attended cosmetology school, planning to style hair, but switched to nails after watching a manicurist. [5] (#cite_note-Parrella-5) [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) She had her third child at 28, after which she became a single mother when she and her husband divorced. [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) Career [ edit ] Bui first worked in a sister-in-law's salon. [5] (#cite_note-Parrella-5) [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) Three months later she opened her own nail salon in the Bronx but didn't make enough money; she sold it for $3000 and opened another in Harlem. [2] (#cite_note-morganFORBES27nov2019-2) [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) She described being verbally abused by racist customers at the Harlem shop. [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) In 2000, while at the Harlem salon and newly divorced, she developed her "signature style" using Swarovski crystals (/wiki/Swarovski_crystals) applied to acrylic nails (/wiki/Acrylic_nails) in intricate patterns that "[turn] nail art into jewelry." [7] (#cite_note-SCMP30aug2020-7) Her style was originally inspired by an article in a Japanese nail magazine a friend had sent her. [2] (#cite_note-morganFORBES27nov2019-2) [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) She specializes in long nails in "stiletto, almond, and coffin shapes" that can take up to three hours to produce and cost up to $300. [5] (#cite_note-Parrella-5) According to Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) is the shortest nail length she's willing to work with. [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) Her creations have earned her the nickname "The Queen of Bling." [2] (#cite_note-morganFORBES27nov2019-2) [8] (#cite_note-Trupp-8) Her work caught the attention of Love & Hip Hop' s Smith, who became a client and helped her set up an Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) account to showcase her designs. [2] (#cite_note-morganFORBES27nov2019-2) In 2012 Cardi B (/wiki/Cardi_B) , then still working as a stripper at upscale club Sioux's, became a client of Bui at the Harlem salon; Bui designs acrylics 2 inches (5.1 cm) to 4.5 inches (11 cm) long for her. [5] (#cite_note-Parrella-5) [7] (#cite_note-SCMP30aug2020-7) [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) Cardi B has referred to her as "a second mom." [8] (#cite_note-Trupp-8) Bui's design for Cardi B's 2018 Grammy appearance "helped bring bling back into the mainstream" according to Christina Parella writing for NYCGo. [5] (#cite_note-Parrella-5) Bui's designs have become a part of Cardi B's signature look and were featured in a 2019 Super Bowl commercial the rapper appeared in. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) Other fashion and beauty influencers also contributed to Bui's increasing prominence. [7] (#cite_note-SCMP30aug2020-7) Bui has a partnership with Swarovski and her own line of nail polish, Jenny Secret. [8] (#cite_note-Trupp-8) [7] (#cite_note-SCMP30aug2020-7) As of 2020 Bui has two salons, Jenny's Spa in the Bronx's Fordham (/wiki/Fordham,_Bronx) neighborhood and Nails on 7th in Harlem, and 20 employees. [5] (#cite_note-Parrella-5) [7] (#cite_note-SCMP30aug2020-7) Recognition [ edit ] Bui was named Nail Artist Influencer of the Year award at the 2019 American Influencer Awards. [2] (#cite_note-morganFORBES27nov2019-2) She was a judge for the 2020 Beauty Envision Awards. [11] (#cite_note-11) In popular culture [ edit ] Bui was impersonated (/wiki/Snatch_Game#Season_4:_Snatch_Game_of_Love) by drag performer Gia Gunn (/wiki/Gia_Gunn) on season 4 of (/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Drag_Race_All_Stars_(season_4)) RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars . [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) Personal life [ edit ] Bui has been married twice. She has three children with her first husband and two with her second husband. [2] (#cite_note-morganFORBES27nov2019-2) [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) [7] (#cite_note-SCMP30aug2020-7) [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) She met her second husband, Billy Bui, who owned an auto body shop, in 2004. [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Meet Cardi B's manicure magic maker: Jenny 'Queen of Bling' Bui" (https://cools.com/jenni-bui-nail-artist) . COOLS . March 8, 2019 . Retrieved August 30, 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Morgan, Heather R. "Not Just Cardi B's Nail Artist: Jenny Bui Explains How Surviving Khmer Rouge Gave Her Fearless Determination As An Entrepreneur" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/heathermorgan/2019/11/27/not-just-cardi-b-nail-artist-jenny-bui-surviving-khmer-rouge-fearless-determination-entrepreneur/) . Forbes . Retrieved August 30, 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Read, Bryan (May 17, 2019). "Cardi B's Manicurist, 'Queen of Bling' Jenny Bui, Reveals Traumatic Khmer Rouge Story" (https://nextshark.com/jenny-bui-queen-bling/) . NextShark . Retrieved August 30, 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k Shunatona, Brooke (February 5, 2018). "The Astonishing Life Story of Jenny Bui, Cardi B's Nail Artist" (https://www.cosmopolitan.com/style-beauty/beauty/a16023019/jenny-bui-nail-artist-get-that-life/) . Cosmopolitan . Retrieved August 30, 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Parrella, Christina (June 26, 2019). "In the Salon with Nail Artist Jenni Bui" (https://www.nycgo.com/articles/jenny-bui-nails-nyc) . NYCgo.com . Retrieved August 30, 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Branch, Kate (May 7, 2018). "Cardi B's Nail Artist Did My Manicure for the Met Gala—And It Totally Upstaged My Dress" (https://www.vogue.com/article/met-gala-cardi-b-manicure-swarovski-jenny-bui-the-bronx) . Vogue . Retrieved August 30, 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "The Cambodian refugee behind Cardi B's famous bling nails" (https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/fashion-beauty/article/3049498/she-does-cardi-bs-nails-queen-bling-jenny-bui-her-success) . South China Morning Post . February 12, 2020 . Retrieved August 30, 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Trupp, Johanna; Sowa, Emily (January 17, 2020). "Blinged out manicure by Cardi B's nail artist Jenny Bui aka 'The Queen of Bling' (https://abc7news.com/5856377/) " (https://abc7news.com/5856377/) . ABC7 San Francisco . Retrieved August 30, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Chan, Mi-Anne. "Cardi B's Manicurist Gave Me A Nail Makeover — & The Results Were Wild" (https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/cardi-b-nail-technician-jenny-bui-did-my-nails-video) . www.refinery29.com . Retrieved August 30, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Diaz, Thatiana. "Cardi B's Pepsi Nails Took 450 Swarovski Crystals — Plus A $9 Polish" (https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2019/02/223263/cardi-b-nails-pepsi-super-bowl-commercial) . www.refinery29.com . Retrieved August 30, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Wella Honors Outstanding Salon Industry Artistry at 2020 Beauty Envision Awards" (https://www.salontoday.com/666362/wella-honors-outstanding-salon-industry-artistry-at-2020-beauty-envision-awards) . www.salontoday.com . Retrieved August 31, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Jenny Bui claps back at Gia Gunn's shocking Drag Race portrayal" (https://www.who.com.au/jenny-bui-gia-gunn) . Who . December 31, 2018 . Retrieved August 30, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Manila Luzon caused a massive stir on this week's Drag Race All Stars 4" (http://gaytimes.co.uk/culture/116861/manila-luzon-caused-a-massive-stir-on-this-weeks-drag-race-all-stars-4/) . GAY TIMES . December 29, 2018 . Retrieved August 30, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Gia Gunn: People Should Be Laughing, 'Cause I Sure Am" (https://www.out.com/entertainment/2018/12/31/gia-gunn-people-should-be-laughing-cause-i-sure-am) . www.out.com . December 31, 2018 . Retrieved August 30, 2020 . External links [ edit ] Jenny Bui (https://www.instagram.com/jennysecretofficial/) on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram_(identifier)) Jenny Bui (https://www.instagram.com/nailson7th/) on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram_(identifier)) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6bf4868c9d‐2b8qp Cached time: 20240709085020 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.325 seconds Real time usage: 0.653 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1444/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 26387/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1139/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 58630/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.178/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6934949/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 367.167 1 -total 47.02% 172.654 1 Template:Reflist 39.66% 145.625 14 Template:Cite_web 14.97% 54.977 1 Template:Short_description 10.80% 39.653 2 Template:Instagram 8.36% 30.689 1 Template:Use_mdy_dates 7.75% 28.468 2 Template:Pagetype 7.68% 28.196 3 Template:Convert 5.27% 19.346 7 Template:Main_other 4.52% 16.590 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:65161205-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709085020 and revision id 1217038591. 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< Wikipedia:WikiProject Deletion sorting (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting) Points of interest related to Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) on Wikipedia: Portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) – Category (/wiki/Category:Fashion) – WikiProject (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) – Alerts (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion/Article_alerts) – Deletions – Cleanup (/wiki/Category:Fashion_articles_needing_attention) – Stubs (/wiki/Category:Fashion_stubs) – Assessment (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion/Assessment) – To-do (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion/to_do) Deletion Sorting (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting) Project (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting) ( talk (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting) ) Project page (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting) Lists (by ABC) (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Flat) Lists (by topic) (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Compact) Lists (computer-readable) (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Computer-readable.json) AfD (/wiki/Wikipedia:AFD) : Today (/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Log/Today) , Yesterday (/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Log/Yesterday) Delsort scripts (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting#Scripts_and_tools) v t e This is a collection of discussions on the deletion of articles related to Fashion or clothing . It is one of many deletion lists (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Flat) coordinated by WikiProject Deletion sorting (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting) . Anyone can help maintain the list on this page. Adding a new AfD discussion Adding an AfD to this page does not add it to the main page at WP:AFD (/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion) . Similarly, removing an AfD from this page does not remove it from the main page at WP:AFD (/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion) . If you want to nominate an article for deletion, go through the process on that page before adding it to this page. To add a discussion to this page, follow these steps: Edit this page (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion&action=edit§ion=1) and add {{Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/PageName}} to the top of the list. Replace "PageName" with the relevant article name, i.e. the one on the existing AFD discussion. Also, indicate the title of the article in the edit summary as it is particularly helpful to add a link to the article in the edit summary. When you save the page, the discussion will automatically appear. You should also tag the AfD by adding {{subst:delsort|Fashion|~~~~}} to it, which will inform editors that it has been listed here. You may place this tag above or below the nomination statement or at the end of the discussion thread. There are a few scripts and tools (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting#Scripts_and_tools) that can make this easier. Removing a closed AfD discussion Closed AfD discussions are automatically removed by a bot (/wiki/User:AnomieBOT) . Other types of discussions You can also add and remove other discussions ( prod (/wiki/Wikipedia:Proposed_deletion) , CfD (/wiki/Wikipedia:Categories_for_discussion) , TfD (/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion) etc.) related to Fashion or clothing. For the other XfD's, the process is the same as AfD (except {{Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/PageName}} is used for MFD and {{ transclude xfd (/wiki/Template:Transclude_xfd) }} for the rest). For PRODs, adding a link with {{ prodded (/wiki/Template:Prodded) }} will suffice. Further information For further information see Wikipedia's deletion policy (/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy) and WP:AfD (/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion) for general information about Articles for Deletion, including a list of article deletions sorted by day of nomination. Archived discussions (starting from September 2007) may be found at: WikiProject Deletion sorting/Fashion/archive (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion/archive) Purge page cache watch (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion&action=watch) __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Editingmylove-20240623081500","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Fashion-20240623081500","replies":["h-Didem_(belly_dancer)-Fashion-20240720082300","h-Matthew_Gallagher-Fashion-20240719201300","h-Ciesse_Piumini-Fashion-20240718120600","h-Sta-Prest-Fashion-20240717080400","h-Isha_Malviya-Fashion-20240623081500"],"text":"Fashion","linkableTitle":"Fashion"} Fashion [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Editingmylove-20240623081500","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Fashion-20240623081500","replies":["h-Didem_(belly_dancer)-Fashion-20240720082300","h-Matthew_Gallagher-Fashion-20240719201300","h-Ciesse_Piumini-Fashion-20240718120600","h-Sta-Prest-Fashion-20240717080400","h-Isha_Malviya-Fashion-20240623081500"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-TheJoyfulTentmaker-20240720205500-\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644-20240720082300","timestamp":"20240720205500"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__34__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__24__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Editingmylove-20240623081500","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Fashion-20240623081500","replies":["h-Didem_(belly_dancer)-Fashion-20240720082300","h-Matthew_Gallagher-Fashion-20240719201300","h-Ciesse_Piumini-Fashion-20240718120600","h-Sta-Prest-Fashion-20240717080400","h-Isha_Malviya-Fashion-20240623081500"],"text":"Fashion","linkableTitle":"Fashion"} Didem (belly dancer) (/wiki/Didem_(belly_dancer)) [ edit ] Didem (belly dancer) (/wiki/Didem_(belly_dancer)) ( edit (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Didem_(belly_dancer)) | talk (/wiki/Talk:Didem_(belly_dancer)) | history (/wiki/Special:PageHistory/Didem_(belly_dancer)) | protect (/wiki/Special:ProtectPage/Didem_(belly_dancer)) | delete (/wiki/Special:DeletePage/Didem_(belly_dancer)) | links (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere/Didem_(belly_dancer)&limit=999) | watch (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Didem_(belly_dancer)&action=watch) | logs (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&page=Didem+%28belly+dancer%29) | views (https://tools.wmflabs.org/pageviews?pages=Didem_(belly_dancer)&project=en.wikipedia.org) ) – ( View AfD (/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Didem_(belly_dancer)) | edits since nomination (/wiki/Special:Diff/1175828619/cur) ) ( Find sources: Google (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Didem%22+belly+dancer) ( books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Didem%22+belly+dancer+-wikipedia) · news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Didem%22+belly+dancer+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Didem%22+belly+dancer) · free images (https://www.google.com/search?safe=off&tbs=sur:fmc&tbm=isch&q=%22Didem%22+belly+dancer+-site:wikipedia.org+-site:wikimedia.org) · WP refs (https://www.google.com/custom?hl=en&cx=007734830908295939403%3Agalkqgoksq0&cof=FORID%3A13%3BAH%3Aleft%3BCX%3AWikipedia%2520Reference%2520Search&q=%22Didem%22+belly+dancer) ) · FENS (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Didem%22+belly+dancer&acc=on&wc=on) · TWL (https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/search/?q=%22Didem%22+belly+dancer) ) Fails wp:np (/wiki/Wikipedia:Np) , sources are scarce, and I believe it should be deleted. فيصل (/wiki/User:%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B5%D9%84) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B5%D9%84) ) 08:23, 20 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-فيصل-20240720082300-Didem_(belly_dancer)) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240720082300","author":"\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644-20240720082300-Didem_(belly_dancer)","replies":["c-\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644-20240720082300-\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644-20240720082300","c-Spiderone-20240720094200-\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644-20240720082300","c-Oaktree_b-20240720145600-\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644-20240720082300","c-TheJoyfulTentmaker-20240720205500-\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644-20240720082300"]}} Note: This discussion has been included in the deletion sorting (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting) lists for the following topics: People (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/People) , Dance (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Dance) , Fashion , Romania (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Romania) , and Turkey (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Turkey) . فيصل (/wiki/User:%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B5%D9%84) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B5%D9%84) ) 08:23, 20 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-فيصل-20240720082300-فيصل-20240720082300) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240720082300","author":"\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644-20240720082300-\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644-20240720082300","replies":[]}} Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Women-related deletion discussions (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Women) . Spiderone (Talk to Spider) 09:42, 20 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Spiderone-20240720094200-فيصل-20240720082300) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240720094200","author":"Spiderone","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Spiderone-20240720094200-\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644-20240720082300","replies":[]}} Keep : Seems to have been talked about [1] (https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2021/12/turkeys-belly-dancers-cant-shake-government-tv-censors) [2] (https://www.asianage.com/entertainment/bollywood/300518/nora-fatehi-takes-inspiration-from-turkish-dancer.html) and has influenced others [3] (https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/nora-fatehi-takes-inspiration-from-world-renowned-belly-dancer-didem-for-her-song-with-john-abraham-1502643124.html#google_vignette) Oaktree b (/wiki/User:Oaktree_b) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Oaktree_b) ) 14:56, 20 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Oaktree_b-20240720145600-فيصل-20240720082300) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240720145600","author":"Oaktree b","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Oaktree_b-20240720145600-\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644-20240720082300","replies":[]}} Keep Per @ Oaktree b (/wiki/User:Oaktree_b) . She has significant, regular coverage in the mainstream Turkish news media, spanning a large period. Also adding another reliable source (http://yoksis.bilkent.edu.tr/pdf/files/11844.pdf) . TheJoyfulTentmaker (/wiki/User:TheJoyfulTentmaker) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:TheJoyfulTentmaker) ) 20:55, 20 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-TheJoyfulTentmaker-20240720205500-فيصل-20240720082300) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240720205500","author":"TheJoyfulTentmaker","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-TheJoyfulTentmaker-20240720205500-\u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644-20240720082300","replies":[]}} Matthew Gallagher (/wiki/Matthew_Gallagher) [ edit ] Matthew Gallagher (/wiki/Matthew_Gallagher) ( edit (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Matthew_Gallagher) | talk (/w/index.php?title=Talk:Matthew_Gallagher&action=edit&redlink=1) | history (/wiki/Special:PageHistory/Matthew_Gallagher) | protect (/wiki/Special:ProtectPage/Matthew_Gallagher) | delete (/wiki/Special:DeletePage/Matthew_Gallagher) | links (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere/Matthew_Gallagher&limit=999) | watch (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Gallagher&action=watch) | logs (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&page=Matthew+Gallagher) | views (https://tools.wmflabs.org/pageviews?pages=Matthew_Gallagher&project=en.wikipedia.org) ) – ( View AfD (/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Matthew_Gallagher) | edits since nomination (/wiki/Special:Diff/1235535784/cur) ) ( Find sources: Google (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Matthew+Gallagher%22) ( books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Matthew+Gallagher%22+-wikipedia) · news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Matthew+Gallagher%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Matthew+Gallagher%22) · free images (https://www.google.com/search?safe=off&tbs=sur:fmc&tbm=isch&q=%22Matthew+Gallagher%22+-site:wikipedia.org+-site:wikimedia.org) · WP refs (https://www.google.com/custom?hl=en&cx=007734830908295939403%3Agalkqgoksq0&cof=FORID%3A13%3BAH%3Aleft%3BCX%3AWikipedia%2520Reference%2520Search&q=%22Matthew+Gallagher%22) ) · FENS (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Matthew+Gallagher%22&acc=on&wc=on) · TWL (https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/search/?q=%22Matthew+Gallagher%22) ) Subject might meet notability guidelines, but seems very likely to be an autobiographical article. Primary contributor's name matches subject's initials and it's the only article they've edited. P 1 ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:P1) / contributions (/wiki/Special:Contributions/P1) ) 20:13, 19 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-P1-20240719201300-Matthew_Gallagher) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240719201300","author":"P1","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-P1-20240719201300-Matthew_Gallagher","replies":["c-P1-20240719201300-P1-20240719201300","c-Spiderone-20240719205800-P1-20240719201300"]}} Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Fashion-related deletion discussions . P 1 ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:P1) / contributions (/wiki/Special:Contributions/P1) ) 20:13, 19 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-P1-20240719201300-P1-20240719201300) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240719201300","author":"P1","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-P1-20240719201300-P1-20240719201300","replies":[]}} Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Canada-related deletion discussions (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Canada) . Spiderone (Talk to Spider) 20:58, 19 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Spiderone-20240719205800-P1-20240719201300) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240719205800","author":"Spiderone","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Spiderone-20240719205800-P1-20240719201300","replies":[]}} Ciesse Piumini (/wiki/Ciesse_Piumini) [ edit ] Ciesse Piumini (/wiki/Ciesse_Piumini) ( edit (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Ciesse_Piumini) | talk (/wiki/Talk:Ciesse_Piumini) | history (/wiki/Special:PageHistory/Ciesse_Piumini) | protect (/wiki/Special:ProtectPage/Ciesse_Piumini) | delete (/wiki/Special:DeletePage/Ciesse_Piumini) | links (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere/Ciesse_Piumini&limit=999) | watch (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ciesse_Piumini&action=watch) | logs (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&page=Ciesse+Piumini) | views (https://tools.wmflabs.org/pageviews?pages=Ciesse_Piumini&project=en.wikipedia.org) ) – ( View AfD (/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Ciesse_Piumini) | edits since nomination (/wiki/Special:Diff/1235061096/cur) ) ( Find sources: Google (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Ciesse+Piumini%22) ( books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Ciesse+Piumini%22+-wikipedia) · news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Ciesse+Piumini%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Ciesse+Piumini%22) · free images (https://www.google.com/search?safe=off&tbs=sur:fmc&tbm=isch&q=%22Ciesse+Piumini%22+-site:wikipedia.org+-site:wikimedia.org) · WP refs (https://www.google.com/custom?hl=en&cx=007734830908295939403%3Agalkqgoksq0&cof=FORID%3A13%3BAH%3Aleft%3BCX%3AWikipedia%2520Reference%2520Search&q=%22Ciesse+Piumini%22) ) · FENS (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Ciesse+Piumini%22&acc=on&wc=on) · TWL (https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/search/?q=%22Ciesse+Piumini%22) ) Promotion. Fails WP:NCORP. CresiaBilli (/wiki/User:CresiaBilli) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:CresiaBilli) ) 12:06, 18 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-CresiaBilli-20240718120600-Ciesse_Piumini) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240718120600","author":"CresiaBilli","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-CresiaBilli-20240718120600-Ciesse_Piumini","replies":["c-CresiaBilli-20240718120600-CresiaBilli-20240718120600","c-Broc-20240718122300-CresiaBilli-20240718120600","c-Frank_Anchor-20240718151800-CresiaBilli-20240718120600","c-Wcquidditch-20240718185900-CresiaBilli-20240718120600"]}} Note: This discussion has been included in the deletion sorting (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting) lists for the following topics: Companies (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Companies) , Sports (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Sports) , and Italy (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Italy) . CresiaBilli (/wiki/User:CresiaBilli) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:CresiaBilli) ) 12:06, 18 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-CresiaBilli-20240718120600-CresiaBilli-20240718120600) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240718120600","author":"CresiaBilli","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-CresiaBilli-20240718120600-CresiaBilli-20240718120600","replies":[]}} Keep WP:AFDNOTCLEANUP (/wiki/Wikipedia:AFDNOTCLEANUP) . There are at least two reliable (/wiki/Wikipedia:RS) , independent (/wiki/Wikipedia:INDEPENDENT) sources showing significant coverage (/wiki/Wikipedia:SIGCOV) of the subject in the article: [4] (https://www.iltirreno.it/livorno/cronaca/2014/04/29/news/bravi-operai-vi-regalo-una-vacanza-1.9131488) [5] (https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/1989/09/03/un-impero-nella-moda-sportiva.html) . This is enough to satisfy WP:NCORP (/wiki/Wikipedia:NCORP) without even needing an additional WP:BEFORE (/wiki/Wikipedia:BEFORE) search. CresiaBilli (/wiki/User:CresiaBilli) can you maybe better motivate your nomination? Broc (/wiki/User:Broc) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Broc) ) 12:23, 18 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Broc-20240718122300-CresiaBilli-20240718120600) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240718122300","author":"Broc","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Broc-20240718122300-CresiaBilli-20240718120600","replies":[]}} Keep per Broc. The references are present to establish passage of NCORP and any concerns regarding promotional content can be addressed via editing. Frank Anchor 15:18, 18 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Frank_Anchor-20240718151800-CresiaBilli-20240718120600) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240718151800","author":"Frank Anchor","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Frank_Anchor-20240718151800-CresiaBilli-20240718120600","replies":[],"displayName":"Frank"}} Note: This discussion has been included in the list of Fashion-related deletion discussions . WC Quidditch ☎ ✎ 18:59, 18 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Wcquidditch-20240718185900-CresiaBilli-20240718120600) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240718185900","author":"Wcquidditch","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Wcquidditch-20240718185900-CresiaBilli-20240718120600","replies":[]}} Sta-Prest (/wiki/Sta-Prest) [ edit ] Sta-Prest (/wiki/Sta-Prest) ( edit (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Sta-Prest) | talk (/wiki/Talk:Sta-Prest) | history (/wiki/Special:PageHistory/Sta-Prest) | protect (/wiki/Special:ProtectPage/Sta-Prest) | delete (/wiki/Special:DeletePage/Sta-Prest) | links (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere/Sta-Prest&limit=999) | watch (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sta-Prest&action=watch) | logs (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&page=Sta-Prest) | views (https://tools.wmflabs.org/pageviews?pages=Sta-Prest&project=en.wikipedia.org) ) – ( View AfD (/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Sta-Prest) | edits since nomination (/wiki/Special:Diff/1233796896/cur) ) ( Find sources: Google (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Sta-Prest%22) ( books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Sta-Prest%22+-wikipedia) · news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Sta-Prest%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Sta-Prest%22) · free images (https://www.google.com/search?safe=off&tbs=sur:fmc&tbm=isch&q=%22Sta-Prest%22+-site:wikipedia.org+-site:wikimedia.org) · WP refs (https://www.google.com/custom?hl=en&cx=007734830908295939403%3Agalkqgoksq0&cof=FORID%3A13%3BAH%3Aleft%3BCX%3AWikipedia%2520Reference%2520Search&q=%22Sta-Prest%22) ) · FENS (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Sta-Prest%22&acc=on&wc=on) · TWL (https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/search/?q=%22Sta-Prest%22) ) Sta-Prest does not seem to be notable enough in and of itself to justify a standalone article. Notability seems to largely come from the fact that it's a product of a notable company, Levi Strauss & Co (/wiki/Levi_Strauss_%26_Co) , rather than being a notable product DeputyBeagle (/wiki/User:DeputyBeagle) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:DeputyBeagle) ) 08:04, 17 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-DeputyBeagle-20240717080400-Sta-Prest) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240717080400","author":"DeputyBeagle","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-DeputyBeagle-20240717080400-Sta-Prest","replies":["c-DeputyBeagle-20240717080400-DeputyBeagle-20240717080400","c-Instant_History-20240719075100-DeputyBeagle-20240717080400"]}} Note: This discussion has been included in the deletion sorting (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting) lists for the following topics: Products (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Products) and Fashion . DeputyBeagle (/wiki/User:DeputyBeagle) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:DeputyBeagle) ) 08:04, 17 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-DeputyBeagle-20240717080400-DeputyBeagle-20240717080400) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240717080400","author":"DeputyBeagle","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-DeputyBeagle-20240717080400-DeputyBeagle-20240717080400","replies":[]}} Speedily Delete : there is no reliable secondary source to show its notability! Instant History (/wiki/User:Instant_History) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Instant_History) ) 07:51, 19 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Instant_History-20240719075100-DeputyBeagle-20240717080400) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240719075100","author":"Instant History","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Instant_History-20240719075100-DeputyBeagle-20240717080400","replies":[]}} Isha Malviya (/wiki/Isha_Malviya) [ edit ] Isha Malviya (/wiki/Isha_Malviya) ( edit (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Isha_Malviya) | talk (/wiki/Talk:Isha_Malviya) | history (/wiki/Special:PageHistory/Isha_Malviya) | protect (/wiki/Special:ProtectPage/Isha_Malviya) | delete (/wiki/Special:DeletePage/Isha_Malviya) | links (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere/Isha_Malviya&limit=999) | watch (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isha_Malviya&action=watch) | logs (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&page=Isha+Malviya) | views (https://tools.wmflabs.org/pageviews?pages=Isha_Malviya&project=en.wikipedia.org) ) – ( View AfD (/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Isha_Malviya_(2nd_nomination)) | edits since nomination (/wiki/Special:Diff//cur) ) ( Find sources: Google (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Isha+Malviya%22+3rd+nomination) ( books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Isha+Malviya%22+3rd+nomination+-wikipedia) · news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Isha+Malviya%22+3rd+nomination+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Isha+Malviya%22+3rd+nomination) · free images (https://www.google.com/search?safe=off&tbs=sur:fmc&tbm=isch&q=%22Isha+Malviya%22+3rd+nomination+-site:wikipedia.org+-site:wikimedia.org) · WP refs (https://www.google.com/custom?hl=en&cx=007734830908295939403%3Agalkqgoksq0&cof=FORID%3A13%3BAH%3Aleft%3BCX%3AWikipedia%2520Reference%2520Search&q=%22Isha+Malviya%22+3rd+nomination) ) · FENS (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Isha+Malviya%22+3rd+nomination&acc=on&wc=on) · TWL (https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/search/?q=%22Isha+Malviya%22+3rd+nomination) ) The article heavily relies on unreliable sources as per WP:ICTFSOURCES (/wiki/Wikipedia:ICTFSOURCES) . Single significant role in Udaariyaan (/wiki/Udaariyaan) . Does not meet WP:SIGCOV (/wiki/Wikipedia:SIGCOV) and WP:N (/wiki/Wikipedia:N) . Editingmylove (/wiki/User:Editingmylove) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Editingmylove) ) 08:15, 23 June 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Editingmylove-20240623081500-Isha_Malviya) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240623081500","author":"Editingmylove","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Editingmylove-20240623081500-Isha_Malviya","replies":["c-Spiderone-20240623083100-Editingmylove-20240623081500","c-Mushy_Yank-20240623102300-Editingmylove-20240623081500","c-CNMall41-20240623190900-Editingmylove-20240623081500","c-Oaktree_b-20240623224600-Editingmylove-20240623081500","c-157.39.32.83-20240701105500-Editingmylove-20240623081500","c-Cyberbot_I-20240624061600-Editingmylove-20240623081500","c-Joe_Roe-20240701094800-Editingmylove-20240623081500","c-Columbidae5-20240701125800-Editingmylove-20240623081500","c-Cocobb8-20240708212100-Editingmylove-20240623081500","c-RodrigoIPacce-20240710175400-Editingmylove-20240623081500","c-M_S_Hassan-20240714092800-Editingmylove-20240623081500","c-Liz-20240715233400-Editingmylove-20240623081500","c-Ilovetvshows-20240716160000-Editingmylove-20240623081500","c-Oaktree_b-20240717003000-Editingmylove-20240623081500","c-Ravensfire-20240719210600-Editingmylove-20240623081500"]}} Note: This discussion has been included in the deletion sorting (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting) lists for the following topics: Actors and filmmakers (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Actors_and_filmmakers) , Women (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Women) , Beauty pageants (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Beauty_pageants) , Fashion , and Madhya Pradesh (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Madhya_Pradesh) . Spiderone (Talk to Spider) 08:31, 23 June 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Spiderone-20240623083100-Editingmylove-20240623081500) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240623083100","author":"Spiderone","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Spiderone-20240623083100-Editingmylove-20240623081500","replies":[]}} Keep : At least one significant award won and 3 significant award nominations have her meet WP:ANYBIO (/wiki/Wikipedia:ANYBIO) imv. - My, oh my! (Mushy Yank) 10:23, 23 June 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Mushy_Yank-20240623102300-Editingmylove-20240623081500) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240623102300","author":"Mushy Yank","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Mushy_Yank-20240623102300-Editingmylove-20240623081500","replies":[],"displayName":"(Mushy Yank)"}} Comment - Delete - Eye raising nomination, but that aside, I think this is close. There is a lot of fancruft references, interviews, general announcements, WP:NEWSORGINDIA (/wiki/Wikipedia:NEWSORGINDIA) , etc. And, winning an award or appearing on a television show does not give inherent notability (I think the Indian Telly Awards (/wiki/Indian_Telly_Awards) individual categories may not meet notability either). However, there are at least two references that are bylined and not just routine announcements here (https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-i-dont-see-bigg-boss-as-something-that-one-should-do-when-they-plan-to-retire-isha-malviya/articleshow/102944066.cms) and here (https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/i-want-to-shift-to-mumbai-soon-isha-malviya/articleshow/95279219.cms) . I'll reserve a !vote at the moment in hopes someone can point out coverage that isn't routine. -- CNMall41 (/wiki/User:CNMall41) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:CNMall41) ) 19:09, 23 June 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-CNMall41-20240623190900-Editingmylove-20240623081500) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240623190900","author":"CNMall41","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-CNMall41-20240623190900-Editingmylove-20240623081500","replies":["c-CNMall41-20240718154900-CNMall41-20240623190900"]}} I have not seen anyone provide coverage that would show notability so changing to a delete !vote. -- CNMall41 (/wiki/User:CNMall41) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:CNMall41) ) 15:49, 18 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-CNMall41-20240718154900-CNMall41-20240623190900) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240718154900","author":"CNMall41","type":"comment","level":3,"id":"c-CNMall41-20240718154900-CNMall41-20240623190900","replies":[]}} weak delete : most coverage is about the TV show Big Boss [6] (https://www.hindustantimes.com/htcity/cinema/isha-malviya-breaks-silence-on-break-up-with-samarth-jurel-it-happened-right-after-bigg-boss-101714217451300.html) , I wouldn't call it extensive coverage. This is a RS, but what's used in the article are all marginal reliability sources per Cite Highlighter, so I'm not sure we have enough to keep the article. Oaktree b (/wiki/User:Oaktree_b) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Oaktree_b) ) 22:46, 23 June 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Oaktree_b-20240623224600-Editingmylove-20240623081500) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240623224600","author":"Oaktree b","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Oaktree_b-20240623224600-Editingmylove-20240623081500","replies":[]}} Keep : The user who has nominated the page for deletion is a new account created solely to ensure the page is deleted. The previous two nominations have also been a result of fandom war. As for the notability, it has been established the last 2 times as well. She has done 2 lead roles, one major reality, show, numerous music videos, a web series in post production, notable award nominations and wins. [FYI, Indian Telly Awards and Indian Television Academy Awards are two of the most notable ITV Awards regardless of whether the pages are well updated on Wikipedia or not.] The actress has sufficient coverage, apart from all her work and has more on the way. Hasty deletion to fulfill online fan wars makes no sense. — Preceding unsigned (/wiki/Wikipedia:Signatures) comment added by 157.39.32.83 (/wiki/Special:Contributions/157.39.32.83) ( talk (/w/index.php?title=User_talk:157.39.32.83&action=edit&redlink=1) ) 10:55, 1 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-157.39.32.83-20240701105500-Editingmylove-20240623081500) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240701105500","author":"157.39.32.83","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-157.39.32.83-20240701105500-Editingmylove-20240623081500","replies":["c-Columbidae5-20240701150300-157.39.32.83-20240701105500"]}} Looking at your contibutions which is only this comment and anyone can say that you are the account created to this comment only. Columbidae5 (/wiki/User:Columbidae5) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Columbidae5) ) 15:03, 1 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Columbidae5-20240701150300-157.39.32.83-20240701105500) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240701150300","author":"Columbidae5","type":"comment","level":3,"id":"c-Columbidae5-20240701150300-157.39.32.83-20240701105500","replies":[]}} Automated comment: This AfD was not correctly transcluded (/wiki/Wikipedia:TRANSCLUDE) to the log ( step 3 (/wiki/Wikipedia:AFDHOWTO) ). I have transcluded it to Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Log/2024 June 24 (/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Log/2024_June_24) . — cyberbot I Talk to my owner :Online 06:16, 24 June 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Cyberbot_I-20240624061600-Editingmylove-20240623081500) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240624061600","author":"Cyberbot I","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Cyberbot_I-20240624061600-Editingmylove-20240623081500","replies":[]}} Relisted (/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_process#Relisting_discussions) to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus. Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, – Joe (/wiki/User:Joe_Roe) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Joe_Roe) ) 09:48, 1 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Joe_Roe-20240701094800-Editingmylove-20240623081500) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240701094800","author":"Joe Roe","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Joe_Roe-20240701094800-Editingmylove-20240623081500","replies":[],"displayName":"Joe"}} Delete : The article is looking like fan made article who is doing undo removed content. Neutral point of view is also missing in the article. It looks like promotional content. Columbidae5 (/wiki/User:Columbidae5) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Columbidae5) ) 12:58, 1 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Columbidae5-20240701125800-Editingmylove-20240623081500) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240701125800","author":"Columbidae5","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Columbidae5-20240701125800-Editingmylove-20240623081500","replies":[]}} Keep : Notable personality. Filmography with different credits. Nominations and wins in terms of two known awards. Additionally, this seems to be another potential attempt by online supporters of other actors. The previous deletion discussion of this page was quite similar and was started by a fan of another ITV actress. This seems to be yet another example of social media hate propaganda. OCDD (/w/index.php?title=User:OCDD&action=edit&redlink=1) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:OCDD) ) Relisted (/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_process#Relisting_discussions) to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus. Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, Coco bb8 (💬 talk (/wiki/User_talk:Cocobb8) • ✏️ contribs (/wiki/Special:Contributions/Cocobb8) ) 21:21, 8 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Cocobb8-20240708212100-Editingmylove-20240623081500) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240708212100","author":"Cocobb8","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Cocobb8-20240708212100-Editingmylove-20240623081500","replies":[]}} Keep as she is a notable actress and model who has gained significant recognition for her role in the popular television series "Udaariyaan," contributing to her widespread popularity. Additionally, her career achievements and public interest make her a relevant figure in the entertainment industry -- RodrigoIPacce (/wiki/User:RodrigoIPacce) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:RodrigoIPacce) ) 17:54, 10 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-RodrigoIPacce-20240710175400-Editingmylove-20240623081500) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240710175400","author":"RodrigoIPacce","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-RodrigoIPacce-20240710175400-Editingmylove-20240623081500","replies":[]}} Delete : Per nom and Columbidae5's comment above. M S Hassan ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:M_S_Hassan) | contributions (/wiki/Special:Contributions/M_S_Hassan) ) 09:28, 14 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-M_S_Hassan-20240714092800-Editingmylove-20240623081500) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240714092800","author":"M S Hassan","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-M_S_Hassan-20240714092800-Editingmylove-20240623081500","replies":[]}} Relisted (/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_process#Relisting_discussions) to generate a more thorough discussion and clearer consensus. Relisting comment: Final relist. Please do not focus on the nominator and instead consider whether NACTOR is met and assess the quality of the sources. Please add new comments below this notice. Thanks, L iz (/wiki/User:Liz) Read! Talk! 23:34, 15 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Liz-20240715233400-Editingmylove-20240623081500) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240715233400","author":"Liz","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Liz-20240715233400-Editingmylove-20240623081500","replies":[]}} Delete : The sources are all passing mentions within routine announcements and contain zero biographical detail. Inclusion on Wikipedia is determined by sourcing, not by number of awards, award nominations, popularity, public interest or strong fanbase. The actress clearly doesn't meet WP:NACTOR (/wiki/Wikipedia:NACTOR) .-- Ilovetvshows (/wiki/User:Ilovetvshows) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Ilovetvshows) ) 16:00, 16 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Ilovetvshows-20240716160000-Editingmylove-20240623081500) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240716160000","author":"Ilovetvshows","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Ilovetvshows-20240716160000-Editingmylove-20240623081500","replies":[]}} Comment : This is decent coverage, but it's quite short. [7] (https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/bigg-boss-17-from-representing-india-in-international-pageant-to-becoming-an-actress-all-about-contestant-isha-malviya/articleshow/104399977.cms) , Still not quite enough. Oaktree b (/wiki/User:Oaktree_b) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Oaktree_b) ) 00:30, 17 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Oaktree_b-20240717003000-Editingmylove-20240623081500) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240717003000","author":"Oaktree b","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Oaktree_b-20240717003000-Editingmylove-20240623081500","replies":[]}} Weak delete : Not seeing enough in-depth coverage that's not from poor quality sources or paid/churnalism. Ravensfire ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Ravensfire) ) 21:06, 19 July 2024 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Fashion#c-Ravensfire-20240719210600-Editingmylove-20240623081500) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20240719210600","author":"Ravensfire","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Ravensfire-20240719210600-Editingmylove-20240623081500","replies":[]}} NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐844cd986b8‐jftp4 Cached time: 20240722144129 Cache expiry: 1287 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [show‐toc] DiscussionTools time usage: 0.030 seconds CPU time usage: 0.266 seconds Real time usage: 0.412 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 937/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 61353/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2604/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 13/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 11506/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.106/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1975564/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 223.052 1 -total 48.09% 107.274 1 Template:Deletionlist 39.44% 87.968 1 Wikipedia:WikiProject_Deletion_sorting/Navigation 38.16% 85.108 1 Template:Sidebar 23.88% 53.261 1 Template:Topic 23.05% 51.420 1 Template:Notice 22.24% 49.604 1 Template:Mbox 12.09% 26.970 1 Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Didem_(belly_dancer) 8.75% 19.517 5 Template:Find_sources_AFD 8.36% 18.649 5 Template:La Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:2558691-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722144129 and revision id 1235890882. 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Cuban-born American hairstylist (1956–2018) Oribe Born Oribe Canales September 13, 1956 Jaruco (/wiki/Jaruco) , Cuba (/wiki/Cuba) [1] (#cite_note-miami-1) Died 17 December 2018 (aged 62) Occupation(s) Hairdresser, businessman Years active 1976–2018 Website www (https://www.oribe.com/) .oribe (https://www.oribe.com/) .com (https://www.oribe.com/) Oribe Canales (September 13, 1956 – 17 December 2018), known professionally as Oribe , was a Cuban-born American hairstylist. His name is pronounced oh-REE-beh, because it is a Spanish name, but the brand is pronounced or-BAY, because when he moved to the US, people in his hometown couldn't say it properly and the mispronunciation stuck. [2] (#cite_note-Hair_Force-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) Early life [ edit ] Oribe was born in Jaruco, Cuba, on September 13, 1956, and emigrated to the United States with his family in 1962. [1] (#cite_note-miami-1) They settled in Charlotte, North Carolina (/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina) . Career [ edit ] In 1976, Oribe moved to New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . [4] (#cite_note-Issue_14-4) It was while working at the Garren (/wiki/Garren) at the Plaza salon that Oribe received his first editorial credit, from the magazine GQ (/wiki/GQ) . [2] (#cite_note-Hair_Force-2) He then started working with photographer Steven Meisel (/wiki/Steven_Meisel) and makeup artist François Nars. [4] (#cite_note-Issue_14-4) In 1987, Oribe established his first salon in New York City's Upper West Side (/wiki/Upper_West_Side) . [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) In 1990, he opened a salon on the 10th floor of the Elizabeth Arden (/wiki/Elizabeth_Arden) salon, on Fifth Avenue in New York City, [1] (#cite_note-miami-1) [7] (#cite_note-7) after having been introduced to the cosmetics company by the model Vendela (/wiki/Vendela_Kirsebom) . [4] (#cite_note-Issue_14-4) Oribe styled models' hair at fashion shows for fashion houses such as Versace (/wiki/Versace) , Thierry Mugler (/wiki/Thierry_Mugler) , Calvin Klein (/wiki/Calvin_Klein) , and Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) . [1] (#cite_note-miami-1) He was also known for having given a new look to supermodels such as Linda Evangelista (/wiki/Linda_Evangelista) and Cindy Crawford (/wiki/Cindy_Crawford) . [8] (#cite_note-8) He died on 17 December 2018, aged 62. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d Perez, Juan Carlos (December 22, 1991). "A CAREER TO DYE FOR: HAIRSTYLIST TO THE STARS". The Miami Herald . p. 1J. ^ Jump up to: a b People Magazine, "Hair Force" (http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20110840,00.html) Sept 16, 1991. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Language Log: Spanish in Charlotte in 1965" (http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/002265.html) . ^ Jump up to: a b c Lucire Magazine, "Issue 14" (http://www.lucire.com/2006a/1025be0.shtml) ^ (#cite_ref-5) ShowStudio Contributor: "Oribe" (http://www.showstudio.com/contributors/3125) ^ (#cite_ref-6) New York Times, "Style Makers: Oribe" (https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DEFD7143BF936A35750C0A96F948260) Mar 5, 1989 ^ (#cite_ref-7) New York Times "Rise. Fall. Repeat." (https://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/16/fashion/thursdaystyles/16oribe.html?_r=1&oref=slogin) Jun 16, 2005 ^ (#cite_ref-8) Williams IV, John-John (October 11, 2010). "Q&A with stylist to the stars Oribe" (http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2010-10-11/features/bs-st-oribe-20101007_1_hair-product-elvis-presley-woman) . The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved July 7, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Oribe Canales, Legendary Hairstylist, Has Passed Away" (https://www.allure.com/story/oribe-canales-passes-away) . Allure . 17 December 2018 . Retrieved 2018-12-17 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Jennifer Lopez, Miley Cyrus, supermodels mourn hairstylist Oribe Canales" (https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/people/2018/12/17/jennifer-lopez-supermodels-mourn-hairstylist-oribe-canales/2338035002/) . USA TODAY . Retrieved 2018-12-17 . External links [ edit ] Oribe (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1018648/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐zlskw Cached time: 20240712141644 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.342 seconds Real time usage: 0.535 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1966/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 12702/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1473/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 23040/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.191/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5281875/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 486.536 1 -total 41.88% 203.771 1 Template:Infobox_person 26.82% 130.481 1 Template:Reflist 20.21% 98.319 2 Template:Cite_news 19.61% 95.390 1 Template:Short_description 13.75% 66.912 1 Template:Wikidata_image 10.28% 50.003 2 Template:Pagetype 9.45% 45.979 18 Template:Main_other 5.47% 26.635 1 Template:SDcat 5.45% 26.524 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:17859387-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712141644 and revision id 1115070898. 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(/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_file_renaming) ) No 2442 CAT:FFD (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:FFD&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:FFD) ) Category:Wikipedia_files_for_deletion (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_files_for_deletion&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_files_for_deletion) ) No 2443 CAT:DESC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:DESC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:DESC) ) Category:Wikipedia_files_lacking_a_description (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_files_lacking_a_description&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_files_lacking_a_description) ) No 2444 CAT:NC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:NC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:NC) ) Category:Wikipedia_files_on_Wikimedia_Commons (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_files_on_Wikimedia_Commons&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_files_on_Wikimedia_Commons) ) No 2445 CAT:IWC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:IWC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:IWC) ) Category:Wikipedia_files_on_Wikimedia_Commons (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_files_on_Wikimedia_Commons&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_files_on_Wikimedia_Commons) ) No 2446 CAT:RENAME (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:RENAME&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:RENAME) ) Category:Wikipedia_files_requiring_renaming (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_files_requiring_renaming&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_files_requiring_renaming) ) No 2447 CAT:RF (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:RF&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:RF) ) Category:Wikipedia_files_requiring_renaming (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_files_requiring_renaming&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_files_requiring_renaming) ) No 2448 CAT:File_mover (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:File_mover&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:File_mover) ) Category:Wikipedia_files_requiring_renaming (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_files_requiring_renaming&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_files_requiring_renaming) ) No 2449 CAT:SHADOW (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:SHADOW&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:SHADOW) ) Category:Wikipedia_files_that_shadow_a_file_on_Wikimedia_Commons (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_files_that_shadow_a_file_on_Wikimedia_Commons&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_files_that_shadow_a_file_on_Wikimedia_Commons) ) No 2450 CAT:NR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:NR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:NR) ) Category:Wikipedia_files_with_no_non-free_use_rationale (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_files_with_no_non-free_use_rationale&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_files_with_no_non-free_use_rationale) ) No 2451 CAT:NCT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:NCT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:NCT) ) Category:Wikipedia_files_with_the_same_name_on_Wikimedia_Commons (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_files_with_the_same_name_on_Wikimedia_Commons&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_files_with_the_same_name_on_Wikimedia_Commons) ) No 2452 CAT:NL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:NL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:NL) ) Category:Wikipedia_files_with_unknown_copyright_status (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_files_with_unknown_copyright_status&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_files_with_unknown_copyright_status) ) No 2453 Images_with_no_source (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Images_with_no_source&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Images_with_no_source) ) Category:Wikipedia_files_with_unknown_source (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_files_with_unknown_source&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_files_with_unknown_source) ) No 2454 CAT:NS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:NS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:NS) ) Category:Wikipedia_files_with_unknown_source (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_files_with_unknown_source&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_files_with_unknown_source) ) No 2455 CAT:G (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:G&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:G) ) Category:Wikipedia_guidelines (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_guidelines&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_guidelines) ) No 2456 CAT:WH (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:WH&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:WH) ) Category:Wikipedia_history (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_history&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_history) ) No 2457 CAT:H (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:H&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:H) ) Category:Wikipedia_how-to (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_how-to&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_how-to) ) No 2458 CAT:HOWTO (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:HOWTO&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:HOWTO) ) Category:Wikipedia_how-to (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_how-to&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_how-to) ) No 2459 CAT:HUM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:HUM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:HUM) ) Category:Wikipedia_humor (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_humor&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_humor) ) No 2460 CAT:HUMOUR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:HUMOUR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:HUMOUR) ) Category:Wikipedia_humor (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_humor&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_humor) ) No 2461 CAT:HUMOR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:HUMOR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:HUMOR) ) Category:Wikipedia_humor (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_humor&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_humor) ) No 2462 CAT:ICT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:ICT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:ICT) ) Category:Wikipedia_image_copyright_templates (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_image_copyright_templates&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_image_copyright_templates&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2463 CAT:WIP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:WIP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:WIP) ) Category:Wikipedia_image_placeholders (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_image_placeholders&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_image_placeholders) ) No 2464 C:Images (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Images?redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/C:Images) ) Category:Wikipedia_images (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_images&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_images) ) No 2465 CAT:Images (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:Images&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:Images) ) Category:Wikipedia_images (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_images&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_images) ) No 2466 CAT:IMG (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:IMG&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:IMG) ) Category:Wikipedia_images (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_images&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_images) ) No 2467 CAT:LEGAL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:LEGAL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:LEGAL) ) Category:Wikipedia_legal_policies (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_legal_policies&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_legal_policies) ) No 2468 CAT:MNT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:MNT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:MNT) ) Category:Wikipedia_maintenance (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_maintenance&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_maintenance) ) No 2469 CAT:WM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:WM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:WM) ) Category:Wikipedia_maintenance (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_maintenance&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_maintenance) ) No 2470 CAT:M (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:M&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:M) ) Category:Wikipedia_maintenance (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_maintenance&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_maintenance) ) No 2471 CAT:MER (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:MER&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:MER) ) Category:Wikipedia_merging (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_merging&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_merging) ) No 2472 CAT:NAME (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:NAME&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:NAME) ) Category:Wikipedia_naming_conventions (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_naming_conventions&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_naming_conventions) ) No 2473 CAT:WNC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:WNC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:WNC) ) Category:Wikipedia_naming_conventions (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_naming_conventions&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_naming_conventions) ) No 2474 CAT:WNCP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:WNCP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:WNCP) ) Category:Wikipedia_naming_conventions_proposals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_naming_conventions_proposals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_naming_conventions_proposals) ) No 2475 CAT:N (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:N&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:N) ) Category:Wikipedia_notability (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_notability&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_notability) ) No 2476 CAT:PP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:PP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:PP) ) Category:Wikipedia_page_protection (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_page_protection&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_page_protection) ) No 2477 CAT:P (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:P&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:P) ) Category:Wikipedia_policies (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_policies&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_policies) ) No 2478 CAT:PROCEDURAL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:PROCEDURAL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:PROCEDURAL) ) Category:Wikipedia_procedural_policies (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_procedural_policies&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_procedural_policies) ) No 2479 CAT:PRO (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:PRO&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:PRO) ) Category:Wikipedia_proposals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_proposals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_proposals) ) No 2480 CAT:PER (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:PER&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:PER) ) Category:Wikipedia_protected_edit_requests (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_protected_edit_requests&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_protected_edit_requests) ) No 2481 CAT:EP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:EP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:EP) ) Category:Wikipedia_protected_edit_requests (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_protected_edit_requests&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_protected_edit_requests) ) No 2482 CAT:PROT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:PROT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:PROT) ) Category:Wikipedia_protected_pages (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_protected_pages&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_protected_pages) ) No 2483 CAT:FULL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:FULL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:FULL) ) Category:Wikipedia_protected_pages (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_protected_pages&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_protected_pages) ) No 2484 CAT:PT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:PT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:PT) ) Category:Wikipedia_protected_templates (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_protected_templates&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_protected_templates) ) No 2485 CAT:R (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:R&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:R) ) Category:Wikipedia_redirects (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_redirects&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_redirects) ) No 2486 CAT:RDR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:RDR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:RDR) ) Category:Wikipedia_redirects (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_redirects&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_redirects) ) No 2487 CAT:RE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:RE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:RE) ) Category:Wikipedia_redirects (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_redirects&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_redirects) ) No 2488 CAT:REJ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:REJ&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:REJ) ) Category:Wikipedia_rejected_proposals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_rejected_proposals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_rejected_proposals&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2489 CAT:WRP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:WRP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:WRP) ) Category:Wikipedia_rejected_proposals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_rejected_proposals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_rejected_proposals&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2490 CAT:WANTED (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:WANTED&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:WANTED) ) Category:Wikipedia_requested_images (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_requested_images&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_requested_images) ) No 2491 CAT:WRI (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:WRI&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:WRI) ) Category:Wikipedia_requested_images (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_requested_images&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_requested_images) ) No 2492 CAT:ESP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:ESP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:ESP) ) Category:Wikipedia_semi-protected_edit_requests (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_semi-protected_edit_requests&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_semi-protected_edit_requests) ) No 2493 CAT:SPER (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:SPER&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:SPER) ) Category:Wikipedia_semi-protected_edit_requests (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_semi-protected_edit_requests&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_semi-protected_edit_requests) ) No 2494 CAT:SEMIR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:SEMIR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:SEMIR) ) Category:Wikipedia_semi-protected_edit_requests (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_semi-protected_edit_requests&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_semi-protected_edit_requests) ) No 2495 CAT:SEMI (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:SEMI&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:SEMI) ) Category:Wikipedia_semi-protected_pages (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_semi-protected_pages&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_semi-protected_pages) ) No 2496 CAT:SHORTFIX (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:SHORTFIX&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:SHORTFIX) ) Category:Wikipedia_shortcut_box_first_parameter_needs_fixing (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_shortcut_box_first_parameter_needs_fixing&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_shortcut_box_first_parameter_needs_fixing&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2497 CAT:SOCK (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:SOCK&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:SOCK) ) Category:Wikipedia_sock_puppetry (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_sock_puppetry&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_sock_puppetry&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2498 CAT:SCU (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:SCU&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:SCU) ) Category:Wikipedia_spam_cleanup (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_spam_cleanup&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_spam_cleanup) ) No 2499 CAT:S (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:S&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:S) ) Category:Wikipedia_statistics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_statistics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_statistics) ) No 2500 CAT:STY (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:STY&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:STY) ) Category:Wikipedia_style_guidelines (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_style_guidelines&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_style_guidelines) ) No 2501 CAT:HOAX (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:HOAX&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:HOAX) ) Category:Wikipedia_suspected_hoax_articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_suspected_hoax_articles&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_suspected_hoax_articles) ) No 2502 CAT:SHA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:SHA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:SHA) ) Category:Wikipedia_suspected_hoax_articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_suspected_hoax_articles&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_suspected_hoax_articles) ) No 2503 CAT:ETP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:ETP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:ETP) ) Category:Wikipedia_template-protected_edit_requests (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_template-protected_edit_requests&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_template-protected_edit_requests) ) No 2504 CAT:TC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:TC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:TC) ) Category:Wikipedia_template_categories (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_template_categories&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_template_categories) ) No 2505 CAT:WTC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:WTC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:WTC) ) Category:Wikipedia_template_categories (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_template_categories&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_template_categories) ) No 2506 CAT:TEMPLATE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:TEMPLATE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:TEMPLATE) ) Category:Wikipedia_templates (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_templates&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_templates) ) No 2507 CAT:WTBS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:WTBS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:WTBS) ) Category:Wikipedia_templates_by_style (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_templates_by_style&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_templates_by_style) ) No 2508 CAT:NAMECONCERNS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:NAMECONCERNS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:NAMECONCERNS) ) Category:Wikipedia_usernames_with_possible_policy_issues (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_usernames_with_possible_policy_issues&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_usernames_with_possible_policy_issues) ) No 2509 CAT:UAA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:UAA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:UAA) ) Category:Wikipedia_usernames_with_possible_policy_issues (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedia_usernames_with_possible_policy_issues&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_usernames_with_possible_policy_issues) ) No 2510 CAT:ORG (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:ORG&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:ORG) ) Category:Wikipedian_organizations (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedian_organizations&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedian_organizations) ) No 2511 CAT:W (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:W&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:W) ) Category:Wikipedians (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedians&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedians) ) No 2512 CAT:HELP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:HELP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:HELP) ) Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help) ) No 2513 CAT:HELPME (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:HELPME&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:HELPME) ) Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help) ) No 2514 CAT:HM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:HM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:HM) ) Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help) ) No 2515 CAT:WLFH (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:WLFH&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:WLFH) ) Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help) ) No 2516 C:HM (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/HM?redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/C:HM) ) Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help) ) No 2517 CAT:ADMIN! (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:ADMIN!&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:ADMIN!) ) Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help_from_administrators (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help_from_administrators&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help_from_administrators) ) No 2518 CAT:AH (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:AH&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:AH) ) Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help_from_administrators (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help_from_administrators&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help_from_administrators) ) No 2519 CAT:HALP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:HALP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:HALP) ) Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help_from_administrators (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help_from_administrators&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help_from_administrators) ) No 2520 CAT:ADMINHELP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:ADMINHELP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:ADMINHELP) ) Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help_from_administrators (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help_from_administrators&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedians_looking_for_help_from_administrators) ) No 2521 CAT:ER (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:ER&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:ER) ) Category:Wikipedians_on_editor_review (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedians_on_editor_review&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedians_on_editor_review&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2522 CAT:ER/B (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:ER/B&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:ER/B) ) Category:Wikipedians_on_editor_review/Backlog (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedians_on_editor_review/Backlog&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedians_on_editor_review/Backlog&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2523 CAT:IMPROVE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:IMPROVE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:IMPROVE) ) Category:Wikipedians_requesting_help_improving_their_user_pages (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedians_requesting_help_improving_their_user_pages&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedians_requesting_help_improving_their_user_pages) ) No 2524 CAT:WSA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:WSA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:WSA) ) Category:Wikipedians_seeking_to_be_adopted_in_Adopt-a-user (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wikipedians_seeking_to_be_adopted_in_Adopt-a-user&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Wikipedians_seeking_to_be_adopted_in_Adopt-a-user) ) No 2525 Ottoman_consorts (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ottoman_consorts&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Ottoman_consorts) ) Category:Wives_of_Ottoman_Sultans (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Wives_of_Ottoman_Sultans&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Category:Wives_of_Ottoman_Sultans&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2526 Women_in_Guinea (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Women_in_Guinea&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Women_in_Guinea) ) Category:Women_in_Guinea (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Women_in_Guinea&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Women_in_Guinea) ) No 2527 Women_in_Sweden (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Women_in_Sweden&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Women_in_Sweden) ) Category:Women_in_Sweden (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Women_in_Sweden&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Women_in_Sweden) ) No 2528 Women_in_Wales (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Women_in_Wales&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Women_in_Wales) ) Category:Women_in_Wales (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Women_in_Wales&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Women_in_Wales) ) No 2529 Women_in_the_United_Kingdom (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Women_in_the_United_Kingdom&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Women_in_the_United_Kingdom) ) Category:Women_in_the_United_Kingdom (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Women_in_the_United_Kingdom&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Women_in_the_United_Kingdom) ) No 2530 CAT:XHOSA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:XHOSA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:XHOSA) ) Category:Xhosa (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Xhosa&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Xhosa) ) No 2531 Youth_wings_of_political_parties_in_Denmark (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Youth_wings_of_political_parties_in_Denmark&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Youth_wings_of_political_parties_in_Denmark) ) Category:Youth_wings_of_political_parties_in_Denmark (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Youth_wings_of_political_parties_in_Denmark&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Youth_wings_of_political_parties_in_Denmark) ) No 2532 Women_in_Zambia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Women_in_Zambia&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Women_in_Zambia) ) Category:Zambian_women (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Zambian_women&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Zambian_women) ) No 2533 CAT:ZAPOTEC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CAT:ZAPOTEC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/CAT:ZAPOTEC) ) Category:Zapotec (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Zapotec&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Category:Zapotec&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2534 Women_in_Zimbabwe (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Women_in_Zimbabwe&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Women_in_Zimbabwe) ) Category:Zimbabwean_women (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Zimbabwean_women&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Category:Zimbabwean_women) ) No 2535 P:1920s (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:1920s&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:1920s) ) Portal:1920s (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:1920s&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:1920s) ) No 2536 P:1950s (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:1950s&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:1950s) ) Portal:1950s (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:1950s&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:1950s) ) No 2537 P:1960s (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:1960s&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:1960s) ) Portal:1960s (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:1960s&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:1960s) ) No 2538 P:1970s (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:1970s&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:1970s) ) Portal:1970s (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:1970s&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:1970s) ) No 2539 P:1990s (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:1990s&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:1990s) ) Portal:1990s (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:1990s&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:1990s) ) No 2540 P:2000s (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:2000s&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:2000s) ) Portal:2000s (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:2000s&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:2000s) ) No 2541 P:2010s (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:2010s&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:2010s) ) Portal:2010s (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:2010s&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:2010s) ) No 2542 P:24 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:24&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:24) ) Portal:24 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:24&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:24&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2543 P:A-L (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:A-L&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:A-L) ) Portal:A-League (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:A-League&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:A-League&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2544 P:DC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DC) ) Portal:AC/DC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:AC/DC&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:AC/DC&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2545 P:AERO (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AERO&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AERO) ) Portal:Aerosmith (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Aerosmith&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Aerosmith&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2546 P:AFG (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AFG&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AFG) ) Portal:Afghanistan (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Afghanistan&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Afghanistan) ) No 2547 P:AFGH (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AFGH&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AFGH) ) Portal:Afghanistan (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Afghanistan&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Afghanistan) ) No 2548 Africa_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Africa_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Africa_portal) ) Portal:Africa (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Africa&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Africa) ) No 2549 Africa_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Africa_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Africa_Portal) ) Portal:Africa (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Africa&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Africa) ) No 2550 Agronomy_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agronomy_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Agronomy_portal) ) Portal:Agriculture_and_Agronomy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Agriculture_and_Agronomy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Agriculture_and_Agronomy) ) No 2551 Agriculture_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Agriculture_portal) ) Portal:Agriculture_and_Agronomy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Agriculture_and_Agronomy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Agriculture_and_Agronomy) ) No 2552 Agriculture_and_Agronomy_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_and_Agronomy_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Agriculture_and_Agronomy_portal) ) Portal:Agriculture_and_Agronomy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Agriculture_and_Agronomy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Agriculture_and_Agronomy) ) No 2553 P:ALM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ALM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ALM) ) Portal:Alternative_rock (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Alternative_rock&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Alternative_rock&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2554 P:ACW (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ACW&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ACW) ) Portal:American_Civil_War (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:American_Civil_War&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:American_Civil_War) ) No 2555 P:AF (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AF&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AF) ) Portal:American_football (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:American_football&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:American_football) ) No 2556 P:USFOOTBALL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:USFOOTBALL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:USFOOTBALL) ) Portal:American_football (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:American_football&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:American_football) ) No 2557 P:AAR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AAR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AAR) ) Portal:Amphibians_and_Reptiles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Amphibians_and_Reptiles&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Amphibians_and_Reptiles) ) No 2558 P:AP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AP) ) Portal:Amusement_parks (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Amusement_parks&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Amusement_parks&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2559 P:AN (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AN&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AN) ) Portal:Anarchism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Anarchism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Anarchism) ) No 2560 P:AN/M (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AN/M&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AN/M) ) Portal:Anarchism/Maintenance_station (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Anarchism/Maintenance_station&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Anarchism/Maintenance_station) ) No 2561 Egyptology_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Egyptology_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Egyptology_portal) ) Portal:Ancient_Egypt (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Egypt&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Ancient_Egypt) ) No 2562 Ancient_Germanic_culture_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ancient_Germanic_culture_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Ancient_Germanic_culture_portal) ) Portal:Ancient_Germanic_culture (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Germanic_culture&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Germanic_culture&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2563 P:ANE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ANE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ANE) ) Portal:Ancient_Near_East (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2564 ANE_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ANE_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/ANE_portal) ) Portal:Ancient_Near_East (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2565 P:ANE_resources (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ANE_resources&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ANE_resources) ) Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Resources (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Resources&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Resources&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2566 P:ANE_resource (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ANE_resource&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ANE_resource) ) Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Resources (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Resources&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Resources&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2567 P:ANE_Resources (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ANE_Resources&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ANE_Resources) ) Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Resources (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Resources&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Resources&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2568 P:ANE_Resource (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ANE_Resource&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ANE_Resource) ) Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Resources (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Resources&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Resources&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2569 ANE_resources (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ANE_resources&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/ANE_resources) ) Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Resources (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Resources&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Resources&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2570 ANE_Resources (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ANE_Resources&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/ANE_Resources) ) Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Resources (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Resources&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Resources&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2571 P:ANE_topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ANE_topics&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ANE_topics) ) Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Topics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Topics&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2572 P:ANE_topic (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ANE_topic&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ANE_topic) ) Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Topics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Topics&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2573 P:ANE_Topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ANE_Topics&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ANE_Topics) ) Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Topics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Topics&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2574 P:ANE_Topic (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ANE_Topic&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ANE_Topic) ) Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Topics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Topics&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2575 ANE_topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ANE_topics&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/ANE_topics) ) Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Topics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Topics&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2576 ANE_Topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ANE_Topics&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/ANE_Topics) ) Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Topics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Near_East/Topics&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2577 P:AR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AR) ) Portal:Ancient_Rome (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_Rome&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Ancient_Rome) ) No 2578 P:Animals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Animals&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Animals) ) Portal:Animals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Animals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Animals) ) No 2579 P:ANIMATION (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ANIMATION&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ANIMATION) ) Portal:Animation (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Animation&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Animation) ) No 2580 P:TOON (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:TOON&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:TOON) ) Portal:Animation (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Animation&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Animation) ) No 2581 P:ANIM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ANIM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ANIM) ) Portal:Animation (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Animation&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Animation) ) No 2582 P:A&M (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:A%26M&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:A%26M) ) Portal:Anime_and_Manga (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Anime_and_Manga&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Anime_and_Manga) ) No 2583 P:ANIME (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ANIME&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ANIME) ) Portal:Anime_and_Manga (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Anime_and_Manga&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Anime_and_Manga) ) No 2584 P:MANGA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MANGA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MANGA) ) Portal:Anime_and_Manga (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Anime_and_Manga&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Anime_and_Manga) ) No 2585 P:NGE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NGE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NGE) ) Portal:Anime_and_Manga (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Anime_and_Manga&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Anime_and_Manga) ) No 2586 P:mac (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:mac&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:mac) ) Portal:Apple_Inc. (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Apple_Inc.&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Apple_Inc.&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2587 P:APPLE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:APPLE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:APPLE) ) Portal:Apple_Inc. (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Apple_Inc.&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Apple_Inc.&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2588 Apple_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Apple_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Apple_Portal) ) Portal:Apple_Inc. (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Apple_Inc.&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Apple_Inc.&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2589 P:AW (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AW&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AW) ) Portal:Arab_world (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Arab_world&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Arab_world&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2590 P:ARAB (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ARAB&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ARAB) ) Portal:Arab_world (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Arab_world&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Arab_world&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2591 Archaeology_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Archaeology_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Archaeology_portal) ) Portal:Archaeology (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Archaeology&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Archaeology&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2592 Architecture_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Architecture_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Architecture_portal) ) Portal:Architecture (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Architecture&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Architecture) ) No 2593 P:ARCH (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ARCH&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ARCH) ) Portal:Architecture (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Architecture&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Architecture) ) No 2594 P:ARG (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ARG&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ARG) ) Portal:Argentina (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Argentina&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Argentina) ) No 2595 P:AZ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AZ&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AZ) ) Portal:Arizona (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Arizona&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Arizona) ) No 2596 P:ARIZONA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ARIZONA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ARIZONA) ) Portal:Arizona (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Arizona&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Arizona) ) No 2597 P:AZUS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AZUS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AZUS) ) Portal:Arizona (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Arizona&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Arizona) ) No 2598 P:ARKANSAS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ARKANSAS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ARKANSAS) ) Portal:Arkansas (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Arkansas&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Arkansas) ) No 2599 P:ARK (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ARK&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ARK) ) Portal:Arkansas (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Arkansas&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Arkansas) ) No 2600 P:ARTH (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ARTH&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ARTH) ) Portal:Arthropods (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Arthropods&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Arthropods) ) No 2601 P:A (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:A&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:A) ) Portal:Arts (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Arts&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Arts) ) No 2602 Arts_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arts_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Arts_portal) ) Portal:Arts (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Arts&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Arts) ) No 2603 P:ART (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ART&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ART) ) Portal:Arts (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Arts&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Arts) ) No 2604 P:ARTS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ARTS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ARTS) ) Portal:Arts (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Arts&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Arts) ) No 2605 Asia_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asia_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Asia_portal) ) Portal:Asia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Asia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Asia) ) No 2606 P:ASIA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ASIA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ASIA) ) Portal:Asia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Asia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Asia) ) No 2607 P:USAA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:USAA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:USAA) ) Portal:Asian_Americans (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Asian_Americans&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Asian_Americans&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2608 P:ASS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ASS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ASS) ) Portal:Assam (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Assam&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Assam&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2609 P:ASSAM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ASSAM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ASSAM) ) Portal:Assam (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Assam&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Assam&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2610 Astrology_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Astrology_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Astrology_portal) ) Portal:Astrology (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Astrology&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Astrology&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2611 Astronomy_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Astronomy_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Astronomy_portal) ) Portal:Astronomy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Astronomy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Astronomy) ) No 2612 P:ASTRO (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ASTRO&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ASTRO) ) Portal:Astronomy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Astronomy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Astronomy) ) No 2613 P:ATL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ATL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ATL) ) Portal:Atlanta (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Atlanta&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Atlanta) ) No 2614 P:ATLANTA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ATLANTA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ATLANTA) ) Portal:Atlanta (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Atlanta&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Atlanta) ) No 2615 P:AA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AA) ) Portal:Atlantic_Archipelagoes (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Atlantic_Archipelagoes&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Atlantic_Archipelagoes&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2616 P:AUSTX (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AUSTX&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AUSTX) ) Portal:Austin (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Austin&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Austin&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2617 P:ATX (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ATX&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ATX) ) Portal:Austin (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Austin&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Austin&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2618 P:AU (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AU&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AU) ) Portal:Australia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Australia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Australia) ) No 2619 P:AUS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AUS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AUS) ) Portal:Australia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Australia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Australia) ) No 2620 P:AU/DYK (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AU/DYK&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AU/DYK) ) Portal:Australia/Did_you_know (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Australia/Did_you_know&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Australia/Did_you_know&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2621 P:AU/N (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AU/N&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AU/N) ) Portal:Australia/News (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Australia/News&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Australia/News) ) No 2622 P:AUP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AUP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AUP) ) Portal:Australia_portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Australia_portals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Australia_portals&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2623 P:ACT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ACT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ACT) ) Portal:Australian_Capital_Territory (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Australian_Capital_Territory&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Australian_Capital_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2624 P:AURD (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AURD&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AURD) ) Portal:Australian_roads (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Australian_roads&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Australian_roads) ) No 2625 P:AFL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AFL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AFL) ) Portal:Australian_rules_football (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Australian_rules_football&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Australian_rules_football&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2626 P:AUT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AUT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AUT) ) Portal:Austria (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Austria&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Austria) ) No 2627 P:AVIA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AVIA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AVIA) ) Portal:Aviation (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Aviation&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Aviation) ) No 2628 Ballet_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ballet_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Ballet_Portal) ) Portal:Ballet (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ballet&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ballet&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2629 P:BD (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BD&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BD) ) Portal:Bangladesh (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bangladesh&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Bangladesh) ) No 2630 P:BPL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BPL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BPL) ) Portal:Bangladesh_Premier_League (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bangladesh_Premier_League&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bangladesh_Premier_League&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2631 P:BO (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BO&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BO) ) Portal:Barack_Obama (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Barack_Obama&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Barack_Obama&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2632 P:BB (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BB&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BB) ) Portal:Battleships (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Battleships&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Battleships&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2633 P:Beer (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Beer&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Beer) ) Portal:Beer (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Beer&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Beer) ) No 2634 P:BEER (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BEER&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BEER) ) Portal:Beer (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Beer&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Beer) ) No 2635 P:BEL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BEL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BEL) ) Portal:Belarus (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Belarus&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Belarus) ) No 2636 P:BERKS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BERKS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BERKS) ) Portal:Berkshire (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Berkshire&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Berkshire) ) No 2637 P:BLN (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BLN&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BLN) ) Portal:Berlin (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Berlin&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Berlin) ) No 2638 Biography_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Biography_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Biography_portal) ) Portal:Biography (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Biography&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Biography) ) No 2639 P:BIO (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BIO&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BIO) ) Portal:Biology (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Biology&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Biology) ) No 2640 Biology_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Biology_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Biology_portal) ) Portal:Biology (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Biology&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Biology) ) No 2641 Biotechnology_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Biotechnology_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Biotechnology_portal) ) Portal:Biotechnology (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Biotechnology&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Biotechnology&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2642 P:BIRD (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BIRD&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BIRD) ) Portal:Birds (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Birds&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Birds) ) No 2643 P:Bohol (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Bohol&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Bohol) ) Portal:Bohol (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bohol&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bohol&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2644 P:Bolivia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Bolivia&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Bolivia) ) Portal:Bolivia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bolivia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Bolivia) ) No 2645 P:Bol (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Bol&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Bol) ) Portal:Bolivia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bolivia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Bolivia) ) No 2646 P:B (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:B&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:B) ) Portal:Bollywood (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bollywood&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Bollywood) ) No 2647 P:BOLLY (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BOLLY&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BOLLY) ) Portal:Bollywood (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bollywood&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Bollywood) ) No 2648 P:BIH (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BIH&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BIH) ) Portal:Bosnia_and_Herzegovina (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bosnia_and_Herzegovina&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Bosnia_and_Herzegovina) ) No 2649 P:Boston (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Boston&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Boston) ) Portal:Boston (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Boston&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Boston&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2650 P:BA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BA) ) Portal:British_Army (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:British_Army&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:British_Army&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2651 P:BC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BC) ) Portal:British_Columbia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:British_Columbia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:British_Columbia&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2652 P:BE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BE) ) Portal:British_Empire (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:British_Empire&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:British_Empire) ) No 2653 P:br (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:br&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:br) ) Portal:Brussels (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Brussels&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Brussels&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2654 P:BUCKS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BUCKS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BUCKS) ) Portal:Buckinghamshire (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Buckinghamshire&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Buckinghamshire&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2655 P:BSAS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BSAS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BSAS) ) Portal:Buenos_Aires (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Buenos_Aires&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Buenos_Aires&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2656 P:BG (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BG&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BG) ) Portal:Bulgaria (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bulgaria&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Bulgaria) ) No 2657 P:BUL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BUL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BUL) ) Portal:Bulgaria (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bulgaria&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Bulgaria) ) No 2658 P:BURMA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BURMA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BURMA) ) Portal:Burma (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Burma&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Burma) ) No 2659 P:MYANMAR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MYANMAR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MYANMAR) ) Portal:Burma (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Burma&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Burma) ) No 2660 P:Bus (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Bus&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Bus) ) Portal:Buses (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Buses&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Buses) ) No 2661 P:Buses (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Buses&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Buses) ) Portal:Buses (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Buses&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Buses) ) No 2662 P:Bus_transport (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Bus_transport&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Bus_transport) ) Portal:Buses (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Buses&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Buses) ) No 2663 P:BEP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:BEP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:BEP) ) Portal:Business_and_economics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Business_and_economics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Business_and_economics) ) No 2664 P:CAL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CAL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CAL) ) Portal:California (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:California&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:California) ) No 2665 P:CALIFORNIA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CALIFORNIA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CALIFORNIA) ) Portal:California (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:California&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:California) ) No 2666 P:CALRD (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CALRD&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CALRD) ) Portal:California_Roads (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:California_Roads&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:California_Roads) ) No 2667 Cambodia_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cambodia_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Cambodia_portal) ) Portal:Cambodia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cambodia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Cambodia) ) No 2668 Cambodia_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cambodia_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Cambodia_Portal) ) Portal:Cambodia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cambodia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Cambodia) ) No 2669 Canada_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canada_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Canada_portal) ) Portal:Canada (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Canada&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Canada) ) No 2670 Canadian_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canadian_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Canadian_portal) ) Portal:Canada (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Canada&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Canada) ) No 2671 P:CA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CA) ) Portal:Canada (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Canada&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Canada) ) No 2672 P:CANADA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CANADA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CANADA) ) Portal:Canada (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Canada&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Canada) ) No 2673 P:CARD (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CARD&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CARD) ) Portal:Canada_Roads (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Canada_Roads&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Canada_Roads&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2674 P:Cape (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Cape&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Cape) ) Portal:Cape_Cod_and_the_Islands (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cape_Cod_and_the_Islands&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cape_Cod_and_the_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2675 P:CV (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CV&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CV) ) Portal:Cape_Verde (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cape_Verde&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cape_Verde&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2676 P:NYCD (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NYCD&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NYCD) ) Portal:Capital_District (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Capital_District&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Capital_District&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2677 P:CDNY (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CDNY&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CDNY) ) Portal:Capital_District (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Capital_District&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Capital_District&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2678 P:CARIB (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CARIB&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CARIB) ) Portal:Caribbean (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Caribbean&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Caribbean) ) No 2679 P:CR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CR) ) Portal:Carpathian_Ruthenia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Carpathian_Ruthenia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Carpathian_Ruthenia&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2680 P:CARTOON (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CARTOON&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CARTOON) ) Portal:Cartoon (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cartoon&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Cartoon) ) No 2681 P:CAR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CAR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CAR) ) Portal:Cartoon (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cartoon&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Cartoon) ) No 2682 P:CART (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CART&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CART) ) Portal:Cartoon (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cartoon&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Cartoon) ) No 2683 P:CN (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CN&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CN) ) Portal:Cartoon_Network (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cartoon_Network&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Cartoon_Network) ) No 2684 P:CARTOONNETWORK (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CARTOONNETWORK&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CARTOONNETWORK) ) Portal:Cartoon_Network (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cartoon_Network&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Cartoon_Network) ) No 2685 Chemistry_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chemistry_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Chemistry_portal) ) Portal:Chemistry (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Chemistry&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Chemistry) ) No 2686 P:CHEM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CHEM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CHEM) ) Portal:Chemistry (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Chemistry&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Chemistry) ) No 2687 P:CHESHIRE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CHESHIRE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CHESHIRE) ) Portal:Cheshire (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cheshire&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Cheshire) ) No 2688 Chess_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chess_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Chess_Portal) ) Portal:Chess (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Chess&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Chess) ) No 2689 P:CHI (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CHI&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CHI) ) Portal:Chicago (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Chicago&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Chicago) ) No 2690 P:Chicago (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Chicago&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Chicago) ) Portal:Chicago (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Chicago&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Chicago) ) No 2691 P:ZH (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ZH&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ZH) ) Portal:China (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:China&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:China) ) No 2692 P:CHINA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CHINA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CHINA) ) Portal:China (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:China&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:China) ) No 2693 P:CD (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CD&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CD) ) Portal:Christian_democracy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christian_democracy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christian_democracy&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2694 P:CENTER (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CENTER&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CENTER) ) Portal:Christian_democracy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christian_democracy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christian_democracy&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2695 P:cd (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:cd&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:cd) ) Portal:Christian_democracy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christian_democracy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christian_democracy&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2696 P:CM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CM) ) Portal:Christian_music (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christian_music&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christian_music&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2697 P:X (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:X&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:X) ) Portal:Christianity (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christianity&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Christianity) ) No 2698 Christianity_portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christianity_portals&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Christianity_portals) ) Portal:Christianity (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christianity&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Christianity) ) No 2699 P:IX (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:IX&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:IX) ) Portal:Christianity_in_India (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christianity_in_India&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christianity_in_India&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2700 P:CI (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CI&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CI) ) Portal:Christianity_in_India (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christianity_in_India&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christianity_in_India&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2701 P:IC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:IC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:IC) ) Portal:Christianity_in_India (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christianity_in_India&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christianity_in_India&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2702 P:XTINA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:XTINA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:XTINA) ) Portal:Christina_Aguilera (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christina_Aguilera&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christina_Aguilera&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2703 P:CC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CC) ) Portal:Classical_civilisation (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Classical_civilisation&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Classical_civilisation&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2704 Classical_civilization_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Classical_civilization_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Classical_civilization_portal) ) Portal:Classical_civilisation (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Classical_civilisation&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Classical_civilisation&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2705 Classical_Civilisation_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Classical_Civilisation_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Classical_Civilisation_portal) ) Portal:Classical_civilisation (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Classical_civilisation&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Classical_civilisation&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2706 Classical_guitar_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Classical_guitar_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Classical_guitar_portal) ) Portal:Classical_guitar (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Classical_guitar&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Classical_guitar&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2707 P:CLM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CLM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CLM) ) Portal:Classical_music (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Classical_music&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Classical_music) ) No 2708 P:COAT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:COAT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:COAT) ) Portal:Coatbridge (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Coatbridge&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Coatbridge&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2709 P:CTB (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CTB&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CTB) ) Portal:Coatbridge (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Coatbridge&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Coatbridge&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2710 P:Coffee (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Coffee&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Coffee) ) Portal:Coffee (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Coffee&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Coffee) ) No 2711 P:CDYK (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CDYK&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CDYK) ) Portal:Coffee/Did_you_know (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Coffee/Did_you_know&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Coffee/Did_you_know) ) No 2712 P:CSA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CSA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CSA) ) Portal:Coffee/Selected_article (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Coffee/Selected_article&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Coffee/Selected_article&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2713 P:CSB (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CSB&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CSB) ) Portal:Coffee/Selected_biography (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Coffee/Selected_biography&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Coffee/Selected_biography&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2714 P:CSP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CSP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CSP) ) Portal:Coffee/Selected_picture (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Coffee/Selected_picture&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Coffee/Selected_picture) ) No 2715 P:COMEDY (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:COMEDY&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:COMEDY) ) Portal:Comedy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Comedy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Comedy) ) No 2716 P:C (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:C&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:C) ) Portal:Comics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Comics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Comics) ) No 2717 Comics_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Comics_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Comics_portal) ) Portal:Comics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Comics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Comics) ) No 2718 Comic_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Comic_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Comic_portal) ) Portal:Comics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Comics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Comics) ) No 2719 P:COMICS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:COMICS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:COMICS) ) Portal:Comics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Comics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Comics) ) No 2720 P:CMC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CMC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CMC) ) Portal:Comics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Comics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Comics) ) No 2721 P:COMIC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:COMIC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:COMIC) ) Portal:Comics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Comics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Comics) ) No 2722 P:COMMUNISM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:COMMUNISM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:COMMUNISM) ) Portal:Communism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Communism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Communism) ) No 2723 P:CAM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CAM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CAM) ) Portal:Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicine (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicine&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Complementary_and_Alternative_Medicine&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2724 P:CG (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CG&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CG) ) Portal:Computer_graphics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Computer_graphics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Computer_graphics&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2725 P:CS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CS) ) Portal:Computer_science (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Computer_science&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Computer_science&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2726 P:Right (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Right&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Right) ) Portal:Conservatism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Conservatism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Conservatism) ) No 2727 P:RIGHT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:RIGHT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:RIGHT) ) Portal:Conservatism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Conservatism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Conservatism) ) No 2728 Conservatism_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Conservatism_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Conservatism_portal) ) Portal:Conservatism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Conservatism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Conservatism) ) No 2729 The_Conservatism_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Conservatism_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/The_Conservatism_Portal) ) Portal:Conservatism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Conservatism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Conservatism) ) No 2730 P:CL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CL) ) Portal:Constructed_languages (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Constructed_languages&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Constructed_languages) ) No 2731 P:CAT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CAT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CAT) ) Portal:Contents/Categories (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Categories&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Categories) ) No 2732 List_of_glossaries (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_glossaries&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_glossaries) ) Portal:Contents/Glossaries (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Glossaries&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Glossaries) ) No 2733 List_of_topics_lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_topics_lists&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_topics_lists) ) Portal:Contents/Lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Lists&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Lists) ) No 2734 List_of_intellectual/social/spiritual/artistic_reference_tables (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_intellectual/social/spiritual/artistic_reference_tables&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_intellectual/social/spiritual/artistic_reference_tables) ) Portal:Contents/Lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Lists&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Lists) ) No 2735 List_of_list_of_pages (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_list_of_pages&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_list_of_pages) ) Portal:Contents/Lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Lists&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Lists) ) No 2736 List_of_Refernce_Tables (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Refernce_Tables&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_Refernce_Tables) ) Portal:Contents/Lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Lists&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Lists) ) No 2737 List_of_reference_topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_reference_topics&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_reference_topics) ) Portal:Contents/Lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Lists&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Lists) ) No 2738 List_of_encyclopedia_topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_encyclopedia_topics&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_encyclopedia_topics) ) Portal:Contents/Lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Lists&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Lists) ) No 2739 List_of_list (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_list&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_list) ) Portal:Contents/Lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Lists&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Lists) ) No 2740 List_of_lists_on_Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_lists_on_Wikipedia&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_lists_on_Wikipedia) ) Portal:Contents/Lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Lists&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Lists) ) No 2741 List_of_Wikipedia_Lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Wikipedia_Lists&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_Wikipedia_Lists) ) Portal:Contents/Lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Lists&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Lists) ) No 2742 List_of_topic_lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_topic_lists&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_topic_lists) ) Portal:Contents/Lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Lists&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Lists) ) No 2743 List_of_topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_topics&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_topics) ) Portal:Contents/Lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Lists&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Lists) ) No 2744 Complete_list_of_encyclopedia_topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Complete_list_of_encyclopedia_topics&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Complete_list_of_encyclopedia_topics) ) Portal:Contents/Lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Lists&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Lists) ) No 2745 Lists_of_topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lists_of_topics&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Lists_of_topics) ) Portal:Contents/Lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Lists&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Lists) ) No 2746 List_of_lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_lists&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_lists) ) Portal:Contents/Lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Lists&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Lists) ) No 2747 List_of_reference_tables (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_reference_tables&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_reference_tables) ) Portal:Contents/Lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Lists&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Lists) ) No 2748 List_of_lists_that_actually_exist (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_lists_that_actually_exist&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_lists_that_actually_exist) ) Portal:Contents/Lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Lists&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Lists) ) No 2749 List_of_basic_topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_basic_topics&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_basic_topics) ) Portal:Contents/Outlines (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Outlines&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Outlines) ) No 2750 List_of_basic_topic_lists (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_basic_topic_lists&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_basic_topic_lists) ) Portal:Contents/Outlines (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Outlines&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Outlines) ) No 2751 Lists_about_basic_topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lists_about_basic_topics&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Lists_about_basic_topics) ) Portal:Contents/Outlines (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Outlines&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Outlines) ) No 2752 Lists_of_basic_topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lists_of_basic_topics&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Lists_of_basic_topics) ) Portal:Contents/Outlines (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Outlines&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Outlines) ) No 2753 List_of_topical_outlines (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_topical_outlines&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_topical_outlines) ) Portal:Contents/Outlines (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Outlines&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Outlines) ) No 2754 Basic_topics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Basic_topics&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Basic_topics) ) Portal:Contents/Outlines (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Outlines&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Outlines) ) No 2755 Basic_topics_list (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Basic_topics_list&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Basic_topics_list) ) Portal:Contents/Outlines (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Outlines&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Outlines) ) No 2756 List_of_overview_articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_overview_articles&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_overview_articles) ) Portal:Contents/Overviews (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Overviews&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Overviews) ) No 2757 List_of_articles_(an_overview) (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_articles_(an_overview)&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_articles_(an_overview)) ) Portal:Contents/Overviews (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Overviews&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Overviews) ) No 2758 List_of_articles:_an_overview (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_articles:_an_overview&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_articles:_an_overview) ) Portal:Contents/Overviews (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Overviews&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Overviews) ) No 2759 List_of_articles,_an_overview (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_articles,_an_overview&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_articles,_an_overview) ) Portal:Contents/Overviews (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Overviews&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Overviews) ) No 2760 List_of_overviews (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_overviews&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_overviews) ) Portal:Contents/Overviews (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Overviews&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Overviews) ) No 2761 List_of_portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_portals&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_portals) ) Portal:Contents/Portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Portals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Portals) ) No 2762 List_of_Wikipedia_portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Wikipedia_portals&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_Wikipedia_portals) ) Portal:Contents/Portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Portals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Portals) ) No 2763 P: (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:) ) Portal:Contents/Portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Portals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Portals) ) No 2764 List_of_Portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Portals&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_of_Portals) ) Portal:Contents/Portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Portals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Portals) ) No 2765 Portal_contents (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal_contents&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Portal_contents) ) Portal:Contents/Portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Portals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Portals) ) No 2766 Wikipedia_portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_portals&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Wikipedia_portals) ) Portal:Contents/Portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Portals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Portals) ) No 2767 List_portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_portals&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_portals) ) Portal:Contents/Portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Portals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Portals) ) No 2768 Portals_list (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portals_list&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Portals_list) ) Portal:Contents/Portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Portals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Portals) ) No 2769 Portal_list (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal_list&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Portal_list) ) Portal:Contents/Portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Portals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Portals) ) No 2770 List_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/List_portal) ) Portal:Contents/Portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Portals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Portals) ) No 2771 Wikipedia's_portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%27s_portals&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Wikipedia%27s_portals) ) Portal:Contents/Portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Portals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Portals) ) No 2772 Portals_on_wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portals_on_wikipedia&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Portals_on_wikipedia) ) Portal:Contents/Portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Portals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Portals) ) No 2773 Wikipediaportals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipediaportals&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Wikipediaportals) ) Portal:Contents/Portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Portals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Portals) ) No 2774 Wikipedia_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Wikipedia_portal) ) Portal:Contents/Portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/Portals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Portals) ) No 2775 P:COOP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:COOP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:COOP) ) Portal:Cooperatives (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cooperatives&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cooperatives&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2776 P:cricket (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:cricket&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:cricket) ) Portal:Cricket (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cricket&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Cricket) ) No 2777 Cricket_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cricket_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Cricket_portal) ) Portal:Cricket (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cricket&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Cricket) ) No 2778 P:CRIC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CRIC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CRIC) ) Portal:Cricket (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cricket&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Cricket) ) No 2779 P:CRIMEA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CRIMEA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CRIMEA) ) Portal:Crimea (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Crimea&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Crimea&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2780 P:KRYM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:KRYM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:KRYM) ) Portal:Crimea (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Crimea&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Crimea&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2781 P:CROATIA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CROATIA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CROATIA) ) Portal:Croatia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Croatia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Croatia) ) No 2782 P:CRO (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CRO&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CRO) ) Portal:Croatia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Croatia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Croatia) ) No 2783 P:CRYZOO (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CRYZOO&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CRYZOO) ) Portal:Cryptozoology (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cryptozoology&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cryptozoology&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2784 P:CUBA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CUBA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CUBA) ) Portal:Cuba (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cuba&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Cuba) ) No 2785 P:CUB (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CUB&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CUB) ) Portal:Cuba (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cuba&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Cuba) ) No 2786 P:CHS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CHS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CHS) ) Portal:Cultural_Heritage_of_Serbia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cultural_Heritage_of_Serbia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cultural_Heritage_of_Serbia&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2787 Culture_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Culture_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Culture_portal) ) Portal:Culture (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Culture&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Culture&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2788 Current_Events (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Current_Events&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Current_Events) ) Portal:Current_events (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events) ) No 2789 Current_event (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Current_event&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Current_event) ) Portal:Current_events (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events) ) No 2790 Current_sports_events (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Current_sports_events&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Current_sports_events) ) Portal:Current_events (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events) ) No 2791 Current_Sports_Events (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Current_Sports_Events&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Current_Sports_Events) ) Portal:Current_events (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events) ) No 2792 Current_sport_events (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Current_sport_events&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Current_sport_events) ) Portal:Current_events (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events) ) No 2793 Current_events_in_sport (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Current_events_in_sport&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Current_events_in_sport) ) Portal:Current_events (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events) ) No 2794 P:CE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CE) ) Portal:Current_events (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events) ) No 2795 Current_events (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Current_events&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Current_events) ) Portal:Current_events (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events) ) No 2796 P:CE/S (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CE/S&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CE/S) ) Portal:Current_events (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events) ) No 2797 October_10,_2010 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=October_10,_2010&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/October_10,_2010) ) Portal:Current_events/2010_October_10 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/2010_October_10&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2010_October_10) ) No 2798 10_October_2010 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=10_October_2010&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/10_October_2010) ) Portal:Current_events/2010_October_10 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/2010_October_10&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2010_October_10) ) No 2799 October_20,_2010 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=October_20,_2010&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/October_20,_2010) ) Portal:Current_events/2010_October_20 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/2010_October_20&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2010_October_20) ) No 2800 20_October_2010 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=20_October_2010&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/20_October_2010) ) Portal:Current_events/2010_October_20 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/2010_October_20&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2010_October_20) ) No 2801 October_20,_2011 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=October_20,_2011&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/October_20,_2011) ) Portal:Current_events/2011_October_20 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/2011_October_20&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2011_October_20) ) No 2802 20_October_2011 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=20_October_2011&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/20_October_2011) ) Portal:Current_events/2011_October_20 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/2011_October_20&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2011_October_20) ) No 2803 June_12,_2012 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=June_12,_2012&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/June_12,_2012) ) Portal:Current_events/2012_June_12 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/2012_June_12&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2012_June_12) ) No 2804 12_June_2012 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=12_June_2012&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/12_June_2012) ) Portal:Current_events/2012_June_12 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/2012_June_12&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2012_June_12) ) No 2805 October_20,_2012 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=October_20,_2012&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/October_20,_2012) ) Portal:Current_events/2012_October_20 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/2012_October_20&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2012_October_20) ) No 2806 20_October_2012 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=20_October_2012&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/20_October_2012) ) Portal:Current_events/2012_October_20 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/2012_October_20&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2012_October_20) ) No 2807 December_5,_2013 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=December_5,_2013&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/December_5,_2013) ) Portal:Current_events/2013_December_5 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/2013_December_5&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2013_December_5) ) No 2808 5_December_2013 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=5_December_2013&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/5_December_2013) ) Portal:Current_events/2013_December_5 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/2013_December_5&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2013_December_5) ) No 2809 June_12,_2013 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=June_12,_2013&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/June_12,_2013) ) Portal:Current_events/2013_June_12 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/2013_June_12&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2013_June_12) ) No 2810 12_June_2013 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=12_June_2013&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/12_June_2013) ) Portal:Current_events/2013_June_12 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/2013_June_12&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2013_June_12) ) No 2811 November_30,_2013 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=November_30,_2013&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/November_30,_2013) ) Portal:Current_events/2013_November_30 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/2013_November_30&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2013_November_30) ) No 2812 30_November_2013 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=30_November_2013&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/30_November_2013) ) Portal:Current_events/2013_November_30 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/2013_November_30&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2013_November_30) ) No 2813 October_20,_2013 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=October_20,_2013&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/October_20,_2013) ) Portal:Current_events/2013_October_20 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/2013_October_20&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2013_October_20) ) No 2814 20_October_2013 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=20_October_2013&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/20_October_2013) ) Portal:Current_events/2013_October_20 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/2013_October_20&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Current_events/2013_October_20) ) No 2815 P:DD (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DD&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DD) ) Portal:Daman_and_Diu (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Daman_and_Diu&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Daman_and_Diu&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2816 Dance_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dance_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Dance_portal) ) Portal:Dance (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Dance&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Dance&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2817 P:DK (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DK&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DK) ) Portal:Denmark (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Denmark&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Denmark) ) No 2818 P:Denmark (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Denmark&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Denmark) ) Portal:Denmark (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Denmark&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Denmark) ) No 2819 P:DEN (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DEN&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DEN) ) Portal:Denmark (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Denmark&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Denmark) ) No 2820 P:DENMARK (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DENMARK&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DENMARK) ) Portal:Denmark (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Denmark&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Denmark) ) No 2821 P:Derbys (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Derbys&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Derbys) ) Portal:Derbyshire (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Derbyshire&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Derbyshire) ) No 2822 P:DESIGN (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DESIGN&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DESIGN) ) Portal:Design (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Design&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Design&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2823 Devon_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Devon_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Devon_Portal) ) Portal:Devon (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Devon&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Devon) ) No 2824 P:DISNEY (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DISNEY&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DISNEY) ) Portal:Disney (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Disney&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Disney) ) No 2825 P:DW (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DW&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DW) ) Portal:Doctor_Who (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Doctor_Who&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Doctor_Who) ) No 2826 P:DL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DL) ) Portal:Dragonlance (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Dragonlance&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Dragonlance&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2827 P:DT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DT) ) Portal:Dream_Theater (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Dream_Theater&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Dream_Theater&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2828 P:Drink (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Drink&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Drink) ) Portal:Drink (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Drink&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Drink) ) No 2829 P:DRINK (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DRINK&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DRINK) ) Portal:Drink (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Drink&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Drink) ) No 2830 P:DSA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DSA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DSA) ) Portal:Drink/Selected_article (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Drink/Selected_article&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Drink/Selected_article) ) No 2831 P:DSI (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DSI&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DSI) ) Portal:Drink/Selected_ingredient (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Drink/Selected_ingredient&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Drink/Selected_ingredient) ) No 2832 P:DSB (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DSB&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DSB) ) Portal:Drink/Selected_person (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Drink/Selected_person&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Drink/Selected_person) ) No 2833 P:DSP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DSP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DSP) ) Portal:Drink/Selected_picture (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Drink/Selected_picture&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Drink/Selected_picture) ) No 2834 P:DSQ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DSQ&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DSQ) ) Portal:Drink/Selected_quote (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Drink/Selected_quote&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Drink/Selected_quote) ) No 2835 P:DSR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DSR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DSR) ) Portal:Drink/Selected_recipe (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Drink/Selected_recipe&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Drink/Selected_recipe) ) No 2836 Earth_Sciences_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Earth_Sciences_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Earth_Sciences_portal) ) Portal:Earth_sciences (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Earth_sciences&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Earth_sciences) ) No 2837 P:QUAKE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:QUAKE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:QUAKE) ) Portal:Earthquakes (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Earthquakes&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Earthquakes&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2838 P:EE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:EE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:EE) ) Portal:EastEnders (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:EastEnders&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:EastEnders&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2839 P:EF (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:EF&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:EF) ) Portal:East_Frisia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:East_Frisia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:East_Frisia&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2840 P:EG (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:EG&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:EG) ) Portal:East_Germany (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:East_Germany&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:East_Germany) ) No 2841 P:GDR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GDR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GDR) ) Portal:East_Germany (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:East_Germany&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:East_Germany) ) No 2842 P:Ecology (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Ecology&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Ecology) ) Portal:Ecology (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ecology&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Ecology) ) No 2843 Ecology_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ecology_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Ecology_portal) ) Portal:Ecology (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ecology&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Ecology) ) No 2844 Education_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Education_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Education_portal) ) Portal:Education (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Education&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Education) ) No 2845 P:EWT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:EWT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:EWT) ) Portal:Elbe-Weser_Triangle (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Elbe-Weser_Triangle&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Elbe-Weser_Triangle&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2846 P:ESM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ESM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ESM) ) Portal:Elbe_Sandstone_Mountains (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Elbe_Sandstone_Mountains&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Elbe_Sandstone_Mountains&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2847 Electromagnetism_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Electromagnetism_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Electromagnetism_portal) ) Portal:Electromagnetism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Electromagnetism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Electromagnetism&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2848 Energy_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Energy_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Energy_portal) ) Portal:Energy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Energy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Energy) ) No 2849 Energy_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Energy_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Energy_Portal) ) Portal:Energy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Energy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Energy) ) No 2850 Engineering_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Engineering_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Engineering_portal) ) Portal:Engineering (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Engineering&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Engineering) ) No 2851 P:England (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:England&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:England) ) Portal:England (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:England&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:England) ) No 2852 P:ENG (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ENG&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ENG) ) Portal:England (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:England&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:England) ) No 2853 P:ENGLAND (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ENGLAND&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ENGLAND) ) Portal:England (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:England&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:England) ) No 2854 Nature_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nature_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Nature_portal) ) Portal:Environment (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Environment&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Environment) ) No 2855 Environment_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Environment_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Environment_portal) ) Portal:Environment (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Environment&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Environment) ) No 2856 P:ESTONIA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ESTONIA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ESTONIA) ) Portal:Estonia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Estonia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Estonia) ) No 2857 P:ETH (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ETH&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ETH) ) Portal:Ethiopia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ethiopia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Ethiopia) ) No 2858 P:E (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:E&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:E) ) Portal:Europe (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Europe&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Europe) ) No 2859 Europe_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Europe_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Europe_portal) ) Portal:Europe (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Europe&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Europe) ) No 2860 P:eur (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:eur&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:eur) ) Portal:Europe (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Europe&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Europe) ) No 2861 P:EU (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:EU&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:EU) ) Portal:European_Union (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:European_Union&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:European_Union) ) No 2862 Eu_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eu_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Eu_portal) ) Portal:European_Union (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:European_Union&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:European_Union) ) No 2863 Portal_eu (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal_eu&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Portal_eu) ) Portal:European_Union (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:European_Union&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:European_Union) ) No 2864 P:EV (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:EV&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:EV) ) Portal:Eurovision (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Eurovision&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Eurovision&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2865 P:EX (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:EX&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:EX) ) Portal:Existentialism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Existentialism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Existentialism&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2866 P:XIST (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:XIST&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:XIST) ) Portal:Existentialism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Existentialism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Existentialism&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2867 P:PM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:PM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:PM) ) Portal:Extinct_and_endangered_species (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Extinct_and_endangered_species&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Extinct_and_endangered_species&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2868 P:FG (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FG&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FG) ) Portal:Family_Guy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Family_Guy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Family_Guy&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2869 P:FAMILYGUY (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FAMILYGUY&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FAMILYGUY) ) Portal:Family_Guy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Family_Guy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Family_Guy&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2870 P:FAMGUY (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FAMGUY&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FAMGUY) ) Portal:Family_Guy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Family_Guy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Family_Guy&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2871 P:FASC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FASC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FASC) ) Portal:Fascism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Fascism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Fascism&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2872 P:FA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FA) ) Portal:Fashion (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Fashion&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) ) No 2873 P:FC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FC) ) Portal:Featured_content (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Featured_content&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Featured_content) ) No 2874 P:FP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FP) ) Portal:Featured_portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Featured_portals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Featured_portals) ) No 2875 Featured_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Featured_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Featured_portal) ) Portal:Featured_portals (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Featured_portals&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Featured_portals) ) No 2876 P:FEM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FEM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FEM) ) Portal:Feminism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Feminism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Feminism) ) No 2877 P:CHAR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:CHAR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:CHAR) ) Portal:Fictional_characters (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Fictional_characters&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Fictional_characters&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2878 P:FCHAR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FCHAR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FCHAR) ) Portal:Fictional_characters (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Fictional_characters&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Fictional_characters&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2879 Film_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Film_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Film_portal) ) Portal:Film (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Film&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Film) ) No 2880 P:FILM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FILM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FILM) ) Portal:Film (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Film&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Film) ) No 2881 P:F (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:F&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:F) ) Portal:Fire (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Fire&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Fire&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2882 Fish_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fish_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Fish_portal) ) Portal:Fish (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Fish&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Fish) ) No 2883 P:FISH (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FISH&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FISH) ) Portal:Fish (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Fish&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Fish) ) No 2884 Fish_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fish_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Fish_Portal) ) Portal:Fish (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Fish&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Fish) ) No 2885 P:FOOD (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FOOD&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FOOD) ) Portal:Food (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Food&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Food) ) No 2886 Food_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Food_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Food_portal) ) Portal:Food (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Food&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Food) ) No 2887 P:Food (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Food&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Food) ) Portal:Food (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Food&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Food) ) No 2888 P:FD (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FD&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FD) ) Portal:Food (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Food&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Food) ) No 2889 P:FSA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FSA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FSA) ) Portal:Food/Selected_article (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Food/Selected_article&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Food/Selected_article) ) No 2890 P:FSI (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FSI&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FSI) ) Portal:Food/Selected_ingredient (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Food/Selected_ingredient&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Food/Selected_ingredient) ) No 2891 P:FSB (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FSB&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FSB) ) Portal:Food/Selected_person (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Food/Selected_person&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Food/Selected_person) ) No 2892 P:FSP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FSP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FSP) ) Portal:Food/Selected_picture (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Food/Selected_picture&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Food/Selected_picture) ) No 2893 P:FSQ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FSQ&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FSQ) ) Portal:Food/Selected_quote (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Food/Selected_quote&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Food/Selected_quote) ) No 2894 P:FSR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FSR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FSR) ) Portal:Food/Selected_recipe (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Food/Selected_recipe&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Food/Selected_recipe) ) No 2895 P:FOR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FOR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FOR) ) Portal:Forestry (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Forestry&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Forestry&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2896 P:FOREST (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FOREST&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FOREST) ) Portal:Forestry (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Forestry&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Forestry&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2897 P:FORESTRY (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FORESTRY&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FORESTRY) ) Portal:Forestry (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Forestry&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Forestry&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2898 P:F1 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:F1&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:F1) ) Portal:Formula_One (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Formula_One&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Formula_One) ) No 2899 P:FS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:FS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:FS) ) Portal:Free_software (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Free_software&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Free_software) ) No 2900 Free_Software_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Free_Software_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Free_Software_Portal) ) Portal:Free_software (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Free_software&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Free_software) ) No 2901 Free_software_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Free_software_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Free_software_portal) ) Portal:Free_software (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Free_software&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Free_software) ) No 2902 P:fos (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:fos&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:fos) ) Portal:Freedom_of_speech (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Freedom_of_speech&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Freedom_of_speech) ) No 2903 P:Freedom_of_speech (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Freedom_of_speech&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Freedom_of_speech) ) Portal:Freedom_of_speech (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Freedom_of_speech&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Freedom_of_speech) ) No 2904 P:Free_speech (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Free_speech&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Free_speech) ) Portal:Freedom_of_speech (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Freedom_of_speech&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Freedom_of_speech) ) No 2905 P:Censorship (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Censorship&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Censorship) ) Portal:Freedom_of_speech (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Freedom_of_speech&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Freedom_of_speech) ) No 2906 P:Censored (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Censored&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Censored) ) Portal:Freedom_of_speech (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Freedom_of_speech&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Freedom_of_speech) ) No 2907 P:Censor (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Censor&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Censor) ) Portal:Freedom_of_speech (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Freedom_of_speech&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Freedom_of_speech) ) No 2908 Futurama_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Futurama_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Futurama_portal) ) Portal:Futurama (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Futurama&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Futurama&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2909 Garden_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Garden_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Garden_portal) ) Portal:Gardening (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Gardening&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Gardening) ) No 2910 Portal_gardening (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal_gardening&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Portal_gardening) ) Portal:Gardening (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Gardening&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Gardening) ) No 2911 Gardening_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gardening_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Gardening_portal) ) Portal:Gardening (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Gardening&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Gardening) ) No 2912 Wikipedia_gardening_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_gardening_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Wikipedia_gardening_portal) ) Portal:Gardening (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Gardening&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Gardening) ) No 2913 Wikipedia_garden_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_garden_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Wikipedia_garden_portal) ) Portal:Gardening (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Gardening&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Gardening) ) No 2914 Portal_garden (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal_garden&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Portal_garden) ) Portal:Gardening (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Gardening&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Gardening) ) No 2915 P:G (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:G&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:G) ) Portal:Geography (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Geography&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Geography) ) No 2916 Geography_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geography_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Geography_portal) ) Portal:Geography (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Geography&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Geography) ) No 2917 P:GEO (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GEO&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GEO) ) Portal:Geography (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Geography&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Geography) ) No 2918 P:GUS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GUS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GUS) ) Portal:Georgia_(U.S._state) (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Georgia_(U.S._state)&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Georgia_(U.S._state)) ) No 2919 P:GEORGIA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GEORGIA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GEORGIA) ) Portal:Georgia_(U.S._state) (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Georgia_(U.S._state)&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Georgia_(U.S._state)) ) No 2920 P:GEORGIAUS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GEORGIAUS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GEORGIAUS) ) Portal:Georgia_(U.S._state) (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Georgia_(U.S._state)&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Georgia_(U.S._state)) ) No 2921 P:GEOUS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GEOUS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GEOUS) ) Portal:Georgia_(U.S._state) (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Georgia_(U.S._state)&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Georgia_(U.S._state)) ) No 2922 P:GA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GA) ) Portal:Georgia_(U.S._state) (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Georgia_(U.S._state)&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Georgia_(U.S._state)) ) No 2923 P:GE/NEW (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GE/NEW&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GE/NEW) ) Portal:Georgia_(country)/New_article_announcement (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Georgia_(country)/New_article_announcement&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Georgia_(country)/New_article_announcement) ) No 2924 Germany_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Germany_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Germany_portal) ) Portal:Germany (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Germany&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Germany) ) No 2925 P:DE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DE) ) Portal:Germany (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Germany&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Germany) ) No 2926 P:DE/A (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:DE/A&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:DE/A) ) Portal:Germany/New_article_announcements (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Germany/New_article_announcements&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Germany/New_article_announcements) ) No 2927 P:GIB (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GIB&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GIB) ) Portal:Gibraltar (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Gibraltar&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Gibraltar) ) No 2928 P:GW (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GW&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GW) ) Portal:Global_warming (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Global_warming&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Global_warming) ) No 2929 Global_warming_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_warming_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Global_warming_portal) ) Portal:Global_warming (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Global_warming&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Global_warming) ) No 2930 Portal_global_warming (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal_global_warming&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Portal_global_warming) ) Portal:Global_warming (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Global_warming&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Global_warming) ) No 2931 P:GLBZ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GLBZ&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GLBZ) ) Portal:Globalization (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Globalization&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Globalization&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2932 P:GDYK (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GDYK&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GDYK) ) Portal:Globalization/Did_you_know (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Globalization/Did_you_know&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Globalization/Did_you_know&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2933 P:GSA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GSA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GSA) ) Portal:Globalization/Selected_article (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Globalization/Selected_article&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Globalization/Selected_article&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2934 P:GSP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GSP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GSP) ) Portal:Globalization/Selected_person (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Globalization/Selected_person&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Globalization/Selected_person&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2935 P:GSI (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GSI&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GSI) ) Portal:Globalization/Selected_picture (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Globalization/Selected_picture&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Globalization/Selected_picture&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2936 P:GOOGLE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GOOGLE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GOOGLE) ) Portal:Google (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Google&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Google&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2937 P:RPGov (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:RPGov&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:RPGov) ) Portal:Government_of_the_Philippines (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Government_of_the_Philippines&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Government_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2938 P:PHGov (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:PHGov&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:PHGov) ) Portal:Government_of_the_Philippines (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Government_of_the_Philippines&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Government_of_the_Philippines&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2939 P:Grey's (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Grey%27s&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Grey%27s) ) Portal:Grey's_Anatomy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Grey%27s_Anatomy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Grey%27s_Anatomy&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2940 P:Greys (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Greys&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Greys) ) Portal:Grey's_Anatomy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Grey%27s_Anatomy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Grey%27s_Anatomy&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2941 P:SGH (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:SGH&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:SGH) ) Portal:Grey's_Anatomy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Grey%27s_Anatomy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Grey%27s_Anatomy&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2942 P:GWADA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GWADA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GWADA) ) Portal:Guadeloupe (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Guadeloupe&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Guadeloupe&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2943 P:GB (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GB&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GB) ) Portal:Guinea-Bissau (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Guinea-Bissau&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Guinea-Bissau&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2944 P:GUJ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GUJ&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GUJ) ) Portal:Gujarat (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Gujarat&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Gujarat&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2945 P:GY (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:GY&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:GY) ) Portal:Guyana (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Guyana&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Guyana) ) No 2946 P:HA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:HA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:HA) ) Portal:Haiti (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Haiti&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Haiti) ) No 2947 P:Hants (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Hants&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Hants) ) Portal:Hampshire (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hampshire&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Hampshire) ) No 2948 Harry_Potter_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harry_Potter_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Harry_Potter_portal) ) Portal:Harry_Potter (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Harry_Potter&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Harry_Potter&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2949 Harry_potter_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harry_potter_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Harry_potter_portal) ) Portal:Harry_Potter (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Harry_Potter&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Harry_Potter&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2950 P:HP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:HP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:HP) ) Portal:Harry_Potter (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Harry_Potter&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Harry_Potter&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2951 P:HZ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:HZ&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:HZ) ) Portal:Harz_Mountains (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Harz_Mountains&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Harz_Mountains) ) No 2952 P:HI (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:HI&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:HI) ) Portal:Hawaii (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hawaii&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Hawaii) ) No 2953 P:HAWAII (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:HAWAII&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:HAWAII) ) Portal:Hawaii (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hawaii&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Hawaii) ) No 2954 P:HM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:HM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:HM) ) Portal:Heavy_metal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Heavy_metal&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Heavy_metal&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2955 P:Heraldry (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Heraldry&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Heraldry) ) Portal:Heraldry (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Heraldry&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Heraldry) ) No 2956 P:HV (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:HV&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:HV) ) Portal:Heraldry (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Heraldry&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Heraldry) ) No 2957 P:HINDU (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:HINDU&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:HINDU) ) Portal:Hinduism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hinduism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Hinduism) ) No 2958 P:HH (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:HH&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:HH) ) Portal:Hip_hop (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hip_hop&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Hip_hop) ) No 2959 History_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/History_portal) ) Portal:History (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:History&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:History) ) No 2960 P:HIS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:HIS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:HIS) ) Portal:History (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:History&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:History) ) No 2961 History_of_science_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_science_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/History_of_science_portal) ) Portal:History_of_science (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:History_of_science&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:History_of_science) ) No 2962 P:HK (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:HK&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:HK) ) Portal:Hong_Kong (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hong_Kong&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Hong_Kong) ) No 2963 Hong_kong_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hong_kong_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Hong_kong_portal) ) Portal:Hong_Kong (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hong_Kong&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Hong_Kong) ) No 2964 Portal_hong_kong (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal_hong_kong&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Portal_hong_kong) ) Portal:Hong_Kong (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hong_Kong&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Hong_Kong) ) No 2965 P:HVNY (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:HVNY&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:HVNY) ) Portal:Hudson_Valley (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hudson_Valley&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Hudson_Valley) ) No 2966 P:HUDSON (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:HUDSON&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:HUDSON) ) Portal:Hudson_Valley (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hudson_Valley&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Hudson_Valley) ) No 2967 P:hvny/dyk (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:hvny/dyk&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:hvny/dyk) ) Portal:Hudson_Valley/Did_you_know (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hudson_Valley/Did_you_know&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Hudson_Valley/Did_you_know) ) No 2968 P:HVNY/DYK (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:HVNY/DYK&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:HVNY/DYK) ) Portal:Hudson_Valley/Did_you_know (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hudson_Valley/Did_you_know&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Hudson_Valley/Did_you_know) ) No 2969 P:ICE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ICE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ICE) ) Portal:Iceland (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Iceland&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Iceland) ) No 2970 P:ILL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ILL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ILL) ) Portal:Illinois (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Illinois&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Illinois) ) No 2971 Indian_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Indian_Portal) ) Portal:India (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:India&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:India) ) No 2972 India_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=India_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/India_Portal) ) Portal:India (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:India&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:India) ) No 2973 Portal_india (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal_india&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Portal_india) ) Portal:India (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:India&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:India) ) No 2974 P:IN (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:IN&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:IN) ) Portal:India (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:India&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:India) ) No 2975 P:ITSA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ITSA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ITSA) ) Portal:India/Today's_selected_article (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:India/Today%27s_selected_article&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:India/Today%27s_selected_article) ) No 2976 P:IPL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:IPL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:IPL) ) Portal:Indian_Premier_League (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_Premier_League&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_Premier_League&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2977 Indian_classical_music_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_classical_music_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Indian_classical_music_portal) ) Portal:Indian_classical_music (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_classical_music&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_classical_music&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2978 Hoosier_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hoosier_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Hoosier_Portal) ) Portal:Indiana (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indiana&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Indiana) ) No 2979 Hoosier_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hoosier_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Hoosier_portal) ) Portal:Indiana (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indiana&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Indiana) ) No 2980 P:IJ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:IJ&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:IJ) ) Portal:Indiana_Jones (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indiana_Jones&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indiana_Jones&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2981 Indonesia_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indonesia_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Indonesia_portal) ) Portal:Indonesia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indonesia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Indonesia) ) No 2982 P:ID (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ID&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ID) ) Portal:Indonesia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indonesia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Indonesia) ) No 2983 P:IM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:IM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:IM) ) Portal:Industrial_music (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Industrial_music&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Industrial_music&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2984 Information_Technology_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Information_Technology_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Information_Technology_portal) ) Portal:Information_technology (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Information_technology&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Information_technology&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2985 IT_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=IT_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/IT_portal) ) Portal:Information_technology (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Information_technology&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Information_technology&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2986 P:IT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:IT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:IT) ) Portal:Information_technology (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Information_technology&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Information_technology&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2987 P:Iran (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Iran&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Iran) ) Portal:Iran (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Iran&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Iran) ) No 2988 P:IRN (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:IRN&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:IRN) ) Portal:Iran (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Iran&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Iran) ) No 2989 P:IRAN (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:IRAN&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:IRAN) ) Portal:Iran (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Iran&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Iran) ) No 2990 P:IRAQ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:IRAQ&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:IRAQ) ) Portal:Iraq (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Iraq&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Iraq) ) No 2991 P:EIRE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:EIRE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:EIRE) ) Portal:Ireland (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ireland&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Ireland) ) No 2992 P:IRE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:IRE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:IRE) ) Portal:Ireland (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ireland&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Ireland) ) No 2993 P:ÉIRE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:%C3%89IRE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:%C3%89IRE) ) Portal:Ireland (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ireland&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Ireland) ) No 2994 P:IRL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:IRL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:IRL) ) Portal:Ireland (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ireland&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Ireland) ) No 2995 P:IE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:IE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:IE) ) Portal:Ireland (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ireland&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Ireland) ) No 2996 P:AIR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AIR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AIR) ) Portal:Ireland (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ireland&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Ireland) ) No 2997 P:IOW (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:IOW&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:IOW) ) Portal:Isle_of_Wight (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Isle_of_Wight&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Isle_of_Wight&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 2998 P:Israel (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Israel&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Israel) ) Portal:Israel (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Israel&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Israel) ) No 2999 P:ISR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ISR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ISR) ) Portal:Israel (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Israel&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Israel) ) No 3000 P:I (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:I&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:I) ) Portal:Italy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Italy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Italy) ) No 3001 P:JAX (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:JAX&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:JAX) ) Portal:Jacksonville (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jacksonville&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jacksonville&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3002 P:JR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:JR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:JR) ) Portal:Jagadguru_Rambhadracharya (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jagadguru_Rambhadracharya&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jagadguru_Rambhadracharya&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3003 P:JA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:JA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:JA) ) Portal:Jamaica (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jamaica&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Jamaica) ) No 3004 P:007 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:007&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:007) ) Portal:James_Bond (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:James_Bond&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:James_Bond&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3005 P:JB (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:JB&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:JB) ) Portal:James_Bond (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:James_Bond&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:James_Bond&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3006 P:JANE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:JANE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:JANE) ) Portal:Jane_Austen (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jane_Austen&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jane_Austen&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3007 P:AUSTEN (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AUSTEN&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AUSTEN) ) Portal:Jane_Austen (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jane_Austen&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jane_Austen&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3008 P:JP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:JP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:JP) ) Portal:Japan (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Japan&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Japan) ) No 3009 P:JAPAN (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:JAPAN&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:JAPAN) ) Portal:Japan (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Japan&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Japan) ) No 3010 P:JAVAP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:JAVAP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:JAVAP) ) Portal:Java (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Java&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Java&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3011 P:JAVA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:JAVA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:JAVA) ) Portal:Java (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Java&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Java&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3012 P:JERUSALEM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:JERUSALEM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:JERUSALEM) ) Portal:Jerusalem (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jerusalem&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Jerusalem) ) No 3013 P:JER (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:JER&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:JER) ) Portal:Jerusalem (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jerusalem&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Jerusalem) ) No 3014 Jharkhand_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jharkhand_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Jharkhand_portal) ) Portal:Jharkhand (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jharkhand&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jharkhand&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3015 Journalism_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Journalism_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Journalism_portal) ) Portal:Journalism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Journalism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Journalism) ) No 3016 Portal_journalism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal_journalism&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Portal_journalism) ) Portal:Journalism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Journalism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Journalism) ) No 3017 P:JEW (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:JEW&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:JEW) ) Portal:Judaism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Judaism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Judaism) ) No 3018 P:JUDAISM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:JUDAISM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:JUDAISM) ) Portal:Judaism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Judaism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Judaism) ) No 3019 P:JEW/N (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:JEW/N&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:JEW/N) ) Portal:Judaism/News (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Judaism/News&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Judaism/News) ) No 3020 P:J (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:J&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:J) ) Portal:Jupiter (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jupiter&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jupiter&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3021 P:JOVE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:JOVE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:JOVE) ) Portal:Jupiter (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jupiter&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jupiter&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3022 Kansas_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kansas_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Kansas_Portal) ) Portal:Kansas (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Kansas&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Kansas) ) No 3023 P:KAR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:KAR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:KAR) ) Portal:Karnataka (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Karnataka&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Karnataka&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3024 Kazakhstan_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kazakhstan_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Kazakhstan_Portal) ) Portal:Kazakhstan (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Kazakhstan&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Kazakhstan&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3025 P:KE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:KE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:KE) ) Portal:Kenya (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Kenya&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Kenya) ) No 3026 Kiribati_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kiribati_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Kiribati_portal) ) Portal:Kiribati (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Kiribati&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Kiribati&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3027 P:K (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:K&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:K) ) Portal:Korea (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Korea&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Korea) ) No 3028 P:KOSOVO (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:KOSOVO&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:KOSOVO) ) Portal:Kosovo (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Kosovo&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Kosovo&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3029 P:LGBT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LGBT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LGBT) ) Portal:LGBT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:LGBT&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:LGBT) ) No 3030 LGBT_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=LGBT_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/LGBT_Portal) ) Portal:LGBT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:LGBT&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:LGBT) ) No 3031 P:LANG (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LANG&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LANG) ) Portal:Language (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Language&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Language) ) No 3032 Las_Vegas_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Las_Vegas_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Las_Vegas_portal) ) Portal:Las_Vegas (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Las_Vegas&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Las_Vegas) ) No 3033 Portal_Las_Vegas (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal_Las_Vegas&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Portal_Las_Vegas) ) Portal:Las_Vegas (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Las_Vegas&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Las_Vegas) ) No 3034 Latin_America_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Latin_America_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Latin_America_portal) ) Portal:Latin_America (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Latin_America&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Latin_America) ) No 3035 P:LA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LA) ) Portal:Latin_America (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Latin_America&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Latin_America) ) No 3036 P:LDS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LDS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LDS) ) Portal:Latter-day_Saints (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Latter-day_Saints&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Latter-day_Saints) ) No 3037 P:LATVIA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LATVIA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LATVIA) ) Portal:Latvia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Latvia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Latvia) ) No 3038 P:LAW (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LAW&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LAW) ) Portal:Law (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Law&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Law) ) No 3039 P:ENGLAW (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ENGLAW&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ENGLAW) ) Portal:Law_of_England_and_Wales (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Law_of_England_and_Wales&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Law_of_England_and_Wales) ) No 3040 P:LZ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LZ&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LZ) ) Portal:Led_Zeppelin (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Led_Zeppelin&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Led_Zeppelin&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3041 P:LEGO (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LEGO&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LEGO) ) Portal:Lego (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lego&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lego&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3042 P:SUE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:SUE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:SUE) ) Portal:Lemony_Snicket (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lemony_Snicket&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lemony_Snicket&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3043 P:SNICK (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:SNICK&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:SNICK) ) Portal:Lemony_Snicket (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lemony_Snicket&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lemony_Snicket&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3044 P:LEM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LEM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LEM) ) Portal:Lemony_Snicket (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lemony_Snicket&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lemony_Snicket&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3045 P:LB (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LB&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LB) ) Portal:Liberalism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Liberalism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Liberalism) ) No 3046 Liberal_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Liberal_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Liberal_Portal) ) Portal:Liberalism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Liberalism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Liberalism) ) No 3047 P:LIB (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LIB&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LIB) ) Portal:Libertarianism (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Libertarianism&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Libertarianism) ) No 3048 P:LIS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LIS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LIS) ) Portal:Library_and_information_science (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Library_and_information_science&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Library_and_information_science&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3049 P:LINCS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LINCS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LINCS) ) Portal:Lincolnshire (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lincolnshire&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lincolnshire&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3050 P:LP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LP) ) Portal:Linkin_Park (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Linkin_Park&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Linkin_Park&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3051 Literature_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Literature_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Literature_portal) ) Portal:Literature (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Literature&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Literature) ) No 3052 P:LIT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LIT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LIT) ) Portal:Literature (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Literature&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Literature) ) No 3053 P:LTU (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LTU&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LTU) ) Portal:Lithuania (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lithuania&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Lithuania) ) No 3054 P:L (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:L&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:L) ) Portal:London (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:London&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:London) ) No 3055 P:London (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:London&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:London) ) Portal:London (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:London&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:London) ) No 3056 London_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=London_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/London_Portal) ) Portal:London (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:London&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:London) ) No 3057 P:TUBE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:TUBE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:TUBE) ) Portal:London_transport (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:London_transport&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:London_transport) ) No 3058 P:LT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LT) ) Portal:London_transport (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:London_transport&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:London_transport) ) No 3059 P:LUL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LUL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LUL) ) Portal:London_transport (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:London_transport&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:London_transport) ) No 3060 P:TFL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:TFL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:TFL) ) Portal:London_transport (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:London_transport&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:London_transport) ) No 3061 P:WPLA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:WPLA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:WPLA) ) Portal:Louisiana (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Louisiana&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Louisiana) ) No 3062 P:Louisiana (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Louisiana&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Louisiana) ) Portal:Louisiana (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Louisiana&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Louisiana) ) No 3063 P:LS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LS) ) Portal:Lower_Saxony (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lower_Saxony&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Lower_Saxony) ) No 3064 P:Lyon (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Lyon&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Lyon) ) Portal:Lyon (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lyon&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lyon&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3065 P:LH (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:LH&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:LH) ) Portal:Lüneburg_Heath (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:L%C3%BCneburg_Heath&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:L%C3%BCneburg_Heath&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3066 P:MAC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MAC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MAC) ) Portal:Macaronesia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Macaronesia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Macaronesia&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3067 P:MANITOBA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MANITOBA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MANITOBA) ) Portal:Manitoba (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Manitoba&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Manitoba&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3068 P:M (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:M&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:M) ) Portal:Mario (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mario&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mario&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3069 P:MARS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MARS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MARS) ) Portal:Mars (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mars&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mars&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3070 P:ma (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ma&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ma) ) Portal:Martial_arts (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Martial_arts&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Martial_arts) ) No 3071 P:MA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MA) ) Portal:Martial_arts (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Martial_arts&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Martial_arts) ) No 3072 P:MD (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MD&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MD) ) Portal:Maryland (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Maryland&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Maryland) ) No 3073 P:MDRD (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MDRD&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MDRD) ) Portal:Maryland_Roads (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Maryland_Roads&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Maryland_Roads) ) No 3074 P:MASS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MASS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MASS) ) Portal:Massachusetts (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Massachusetts&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Massachusetts) ) No 3075 P:Mass (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Mass&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Mass) ) Portal:Massachusetts (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Massachusetts&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Massachusetts) ) No 3076 P:MMO (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MMO&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MMO) ) Portal:Massively_multiplayer_online_games (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Massively_multiplayer_online_games&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Massively_multiplayer_online_games&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3077 P:MMOG (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MMOG&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MMOG) ) Portal:Massively_multiplayer_online_games (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Massively_multiplayer_online_games&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Massively_multiplayer_online_games&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3078 Math_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Math_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Math_portal) ) Portal:Mathematics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mathematics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Mathematics) ) No 3079 Mathematics_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mathematics_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Mathematics_portal) ) Portal:Mathematics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mathematics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Mathematics) ) No 3080 P:Math (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Math&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Math) ) Portal:Mathematics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mathematics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Mathematics) ) No 3081 P:MV (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MV&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MV) ) Portal:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) ) No 3082 Medicine_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Medicine_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Medicine_portal) ) Portal:Medicine (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Medicine&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Medicine) ) No 3083 Portal_medicine (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal_medicine&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Portal_medicine) ) Portal:Medicine (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Medicine&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Medicine) ) No 3084 P:medicine (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:medicine&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:medicine) ) Portal:Medicine (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Medicine&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Medicine) ) No 3085 P:MiB (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MiB&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MiB) ) Portal:Men_in_Black (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Men_in_Black&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Men_in_Black&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3086 P:MEXICO (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MEXICO&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MEXICO) ) Portal:Mexico (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mexico&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Mexico) ) No 3087 Michael_Jackson_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michael_Jackson_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Michael_Jackson_portal) ) Portal:Michael_Jackson (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Michael_Jackson&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Michael_Jackson&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3088 P:MISH (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MISH&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MISH) ) Portal:Michigan_Highways (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Michigan_Highways&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Michigan_Highways) ) No 3089 P:MS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MS) ) Portal:Microsoft (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Microsoft&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Microsoft&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3090 P:ms (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ms&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ms) ) Portal:Microsoft (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Microsoft&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Microsoft&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3091 P:MSFT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MSFT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MSFT) ) Portal:Microsoft (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Microsoft&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Microsoft&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3092 Middle-earth_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Middle-earth_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Middle-earth_portal) ) Portal:Middle-earth (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Middle-earth&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Middle-earth&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3093 Middle_earth_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Middle_earth_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Middle_earth_portal) ) Portal:Middle-earth (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Middle-earth&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Middle-earth&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3094 P:MIE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MIE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MIE) ) Portal:Middle-earth (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Middle-earth&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Middle-earth&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3095 P:ME (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ME&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ME) ) Portal:Middle_East (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Middle_East&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Middle_East) ) No 3096 P:MC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MC) ) Portal:Miley_Cyrus (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Miley_Cyrus&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Miley_Cyrus&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3097 P:ADF (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ADF&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ADF) ) Portal:Military_of_Australia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Military_of_Australia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Military_of_Australia) ) No 3098 P:MM (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MM&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MM) ) Portal:Millennium (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Millennium&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Millennium&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3099 P:MISS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MISS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MISS) ) Portal:Mississippi (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mississippi&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Mississippi) ) No 3100 P:WPMS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:WPMS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:WPMS) ) Portal:Mississippi (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mississippi&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Mississippi) ) No 3101 P:PMS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:PMS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:PMS) ) Portal:Mississippi (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mississippi&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Mississippi) ) No 3102 P:MSUS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MSUS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MSUS) ) Portal:Mississippi (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mississippi&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Mississippi) ) No 3103 P:MSP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MSP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MSP) ) Portal:Mississippi (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mississippi&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Mississippi) ) No 3104 P:MO (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MO&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MO) ) Portal:Missouri (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Missouri&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Missouri) ) No 3105 P:MR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MR) ) Portal:Mitt_Romney (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mitt_Romney&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mitt_Romney&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3106 P:Motorhead (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Motorhead&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Motorhead) ) Portal:Motörhead (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mot%C3%B6rhead&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mot%C3%B6rhead&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3107 P:MOHEAD (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MOHEAD&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MOHEAD) ) Portal:Motörhead (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mot%C3%B6rhead&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mot%C3%B6rhead&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3108 P:MTN (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MTN&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MTN) ) Portal:Mountains (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mountains&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Mountains) ) No 3109 P:MZ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MZ&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MZ) ) Portal:Mozambique (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mozambique&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mozambique&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3110 Music_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Music_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Music_portal) ) Portal:Music (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Music&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Music) ) No 3111 P:MUS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:MUS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:MUS) ) Portal:Music (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Music&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Music) ) No 3112 P:AUSMUSIC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AUSMUSIC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AUSMUSIC) ) Portal:Music_of_Australia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Music_of_Australia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Music_of_Australia&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3113 P:AUSMUS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:AUSMUS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:AUSMUS) ) Portal:Music_of_Australia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Music_of_Australia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Music_of_Australia&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3114 Mythology_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mythology_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Mythology_portal) ) Portal:Mythology (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mythology&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Mythology) ) No 3115 P:NASCAR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NASCAR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NASCAR) ) Portal:NASCAR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:NASCAR&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:NASCAR&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3116 P:NT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NT) ) Portal:Nanotechnology (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Nanotechnology&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Nanotechnology&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3117 Narnia_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Narnia_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Narnia_portal) ) Portal:Narnia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Narnia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Narnia&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3118 P:NBA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NBA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NBA) ) Portal:National_Basketball_Association (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:National_Basketball_Association&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:National_Basketball_Association&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3119 P:NFL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NFL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NFL) ) Portal:National_Football_League (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:National_Football_League&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:National_Football_League&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3120 P:NRHP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NRHP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NRHP) ) Portal:National_Register_of_Historic_Places (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:National_Register_of_Historic_Places&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:National_Register_of_Historic_Places) ) No 3121 P:nautical (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:nautical&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:nautical) ) Portal:Nautical (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Nautical&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Nautical&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3122 P:NEWENG (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NEWENG&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NEWENG) ) Portal:New_England (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_England&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:New_England) ) No 3123 P:NF (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NF&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NF) ) Portal:New_France (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_France&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_France&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3124 P:NH (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NH&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NH) ) Portal:New_Hampshire (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_Hampshire&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:New_Hampshire) ) No 3125 P:nj (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:nj&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:nj) ) Portal:New_Jersey (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_Jersey&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:New_Jersey) ) No 3126 P:NJ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NJ&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NJ) ) Portal:New_Jersey (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_Jersey&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:New_Jersey) ) No 3127 P:NO (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NO&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NO) ) Portal:New_Orleans (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_Orleans&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_Orleans&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3128 P:NOLA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NOLA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NOLA) ) Portal:New_Orleans (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_Orleans&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_Orleans&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3129 P:NSW (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NSW&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NSW) ) Portal:New_South_Wales (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_South_Wales&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:New_South_Wales) ) No 3130 P:NY (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NY&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NY) ) Portal:New_York (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_York&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:New_York) ) No 3131 P:NYC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NYC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NYC) ) Portal:New_York_City (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_York_City&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:New_York_City) ) No 3132 P:NYRD (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NYRD&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NYRD) ) Portal:New_York_Roads (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_York_Roads&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_York_Roads&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3133 P:NZ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NZ&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NZ) ) Portal:New_Zealand (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_Zealand&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:New_Zealand) ) No 3134 New_Zealand_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/New_Zealand_portal) ) Portal:New_Zealand (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_Zealand&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:New_Zealand) ) No 3135 P:NICK (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NICK&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NICK) ) Portal:Nickelodeon (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Nickelodeon&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Nickelodeon&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3136 P:NICKELODEON (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NICKELODEON&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NICKELODEON) ) Portal:Nickelodeon (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Nickelodeon&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Nickelodeon&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3137 P:N (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:N&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:N) ) Portal:Nintendo (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Nintendo&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Nintendo) ) No 3138 P:NES (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NES&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NES) ) Portal:Nintendo (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Nintendo&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Nintendo) ) No 3139 North_America_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North_America_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/North_America_portal) ) Portal:North_America (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:North_America&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:North_America) ) No 3140 P:ND (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ND&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ND) ) Portal:North_Dakota (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:North_Dakota&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:North_Dakota) ) No 3141 P:nd (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:nd&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:nd) ) Portal:North_Dakota (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:North_Dakota&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:North_Dakota) ) No 3142 P:NEE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NEE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NEE) ) Portal:North_East_England (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:North_East_England&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:North_East_England) ) No 3143 P:NRW (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NRW&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NRW) ) Portal:North_Rhine-Westphalia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:North_Rhine-Westphalia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:North_Rhine-Westphalia) ) No 3144 P:NTA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NTA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NTA) ) Portal:Northern_Territory (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Northern_Territory&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Northern_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3145 P:NWT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NWT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NWT) ) Portal:Northwest_Territories (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Northwest_Territories&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Northwest_Territories&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3146 P:NOR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NOR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NOR) ) Portal:Norway (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Norway&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Norway) ) No 3147 P:NORWAY (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NORWAY&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NORWAY) ) Portal:Norway (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Norway&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Norway) ) No 3148 P:NOV (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NOV&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NOV) ) Portal:Novels (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Novels&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Novels) ) No 3149 P:NOVEL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NOVEL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NOVEL) ) Portal:Novels (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Novels&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Novels) ) No 3150 P:NOVELS (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:NOVELS&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:NOVELS) ) Portal:Novels (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Novels&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Novels) ) No 3151 P:OAXACA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:OAXACA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:OAXACA) ) Portal:Oaxaca (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Oaxaca&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Oaxaca&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3152 P:O (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:O&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:O) ) Portal:Oceania (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Oceania&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Oceania) ) No 3153 Oceania_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oceania_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Oceania_portal) ) Portal:Oceania (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Oceania&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Oceania) ) No 3154 P:OHIO (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:OHIO&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:OHIO) ) Portal:Ohio (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ohio&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Ohio) ) No 3155 P:OH (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:OH&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:OH) ) Portal:Ohio (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ohio&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Ohio) ) No 3156 Oklahoma_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oklahoma_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Oklahoma_portal) ) Portal:Oklahoma (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Oklahoma&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Oklahoma) ) No 3157 P:OLY (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:OLY&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:OLY) ) Portal:Olympics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Olympics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Olympics) ) No 3158 P:OP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:OP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:OP) ) Portal:Opera (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Opera&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Opera) ) No 3159 P:OPERA (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:OPERA&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:OPERA) ) Portal:Opera (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Opera&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Opera) ) No 3160 P:ORE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:ORE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:ORE) ) Portal:Ore_Mountains (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ore_Mountains&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Ore_Mountains) ) No 3161 Oregon_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oregon_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Oregon_portal) ) Portal:Oregon (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Oregon&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Oregon) ) No 3162 P:OR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:OR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:OR) ) Portal:Oregon (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Oregon&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Oregon) ) No 3163 Oregonportal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oregonportal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Oregonportal) ) Portal:Oregon (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Oregon&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Oregon) ) No 3164 P:UNION (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:UNION&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:UNION) ) Portal:Organized_Labour (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Organized_Labour&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Organized_Labour) ) No 3165 P:OTW (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:OTW&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:OTW) ) Portal:Ottawa (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ottawa&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ottawa&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3166 P:OT (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:OT&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:OT) ) Portal:Ottawa (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ottawa&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ottawa&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3167 P:OX (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:OX&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:OX) ) Portal:Oxfordshire (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Oxfordshire&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Oxfordshire) ) No 3168 Pakistan_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pakistan_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Pakistan_portal) ) Portal:Pakistan (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pakistan&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Pakistan) ) No 3169 Pakistani_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pakistani_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Pakistani_portal) ) Portal:Pakistan (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pakistan&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Pakistan) ) No 3170 P:PALF (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:PALF&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:PALF) ) Portal:Palatine_Forest (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Palatine_Forest&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Palatine_Forest&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3171 Palatine_Forest/Leading_Articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Palatine_Forest/Leading_Articles&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Palatine_Forest/Leading_Articles) ) Portal:Palatine_Forest/Leading_Articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Palatine_Forest/Leading_Articles&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Palatine_Forest/Leading_Articles&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3172 P:PAL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:PAL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:PAL) ) Portal:Palestine (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Palestine&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Palestine) ) No 3173 P:PALESTINE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:PALESTINE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:PALESTINE) ) Portal:Palestine (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Palestine&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Palestine) ) No 3174 P:PNG (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:PNG&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:PNG) ) Portal:Papua_New_Guinea (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Papua_New_Guinea&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Papua_New_Guinea&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3175 P:PAR (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:PAR&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:PAR) ) Portal:Paraguay (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Paraguay&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Paraguay) ) No 3176 P:VRI (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:VRI&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:VRI) ) Portal:Pendeli (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pendeli&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pendeli&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3177 P:PEND (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:PEND&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:PEND) ) Portal:Pendeli (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pendeli&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pendeli&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3178 Pennsylvania_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pennsylvania_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Pennsylvania_portal) ) Portal:Pennsylvania (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pennsylvania&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Pennsylvania) ) No 3179 P:PRC (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:PRC&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:PRC) ) Portal:People's_Republic_of_China (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:People%27s_Republic_of_China&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:People%27s_Republic_of_China) ) No 3180 P:PER (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:PER&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:PER) ) Portal:Peru (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Peru&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Peru) ) No 3181 P:PERU (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:PERU&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:PERU) ) Portal:Peru (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Peru&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Peru) ) No 3182 P:PDD (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:PDD&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:PDD) ) Portal:Pervasive_Developmental_Disorders (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pervasive_Developmental_Disorders&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pervasive_Developmental_Disorders&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3183 Philadelphia_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Philadelphia_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Philadelphia_portal) ) Portal:Philadelphia (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Philadelphia&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Philadelphia) ) No 3184 P:PHIL (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:PHIL&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:PHIL) ) Portal:Philately (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Philately&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Philately) ) No 3185 P:RP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:RP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:RP) ) Portal:Philippines (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Philippines&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Philippines) ) No 3186 Portal_Philippines (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal_Philippines&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Portal_Philippines) ) Portal:Philippines (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Philippines&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Philippines) ) No 3187 Philippines_Portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Philippines_Portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Philippines_Portal) ) Portal:Philippines (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Philippines&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Philippines) ) No 3188 P:PH (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:PH&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:PH) ) Portal:Philippines (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Philippines&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Philippines) ) No 3189 Philosophy_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Philosophy_portal) ) Portal:Philosophy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Philosophy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Philosophy) ) No 3190 P:PHOTO (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:PHOTO&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:PHOTO) ) Portal:Photography (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Photography&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Photography) ) No 3191 Physics_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Physics_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Physics_portal) ) Portal:Physics (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Physics&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Physics) ) No 3192 P:Pipe (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Pipe&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Pipe) ) Portal:Pipe_organ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pipe_organ&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pipe_organ&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3193 P:PO (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:PO&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:PO) ) Portal:Pipe_organ (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pipe_organ&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pipe_organ&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3194 P:PP (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:PP&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:PP) ) Portal:Piracy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Piracy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Piracy) ) No 3195 P:Piracy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:Piracy&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:Piracy) ) Portal:Piracy (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Piracy&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Piracy) ) No 3196 Portal_botany (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal_botany&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Portal_botany) ) Portal:Plants (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Plants&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Plants) ) No 3197 Poetry_portal (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Poetry_portal&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Poetry_portal) ) Portal:Poetry (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Poetry&redirect=no) ( exists? (/wiki/Portal:Poetry) ) No 3198 P:POK (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:POK&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:POK) ) Portal:Pokémon (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pok%C3%A9mon&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pok%C3%A9mon&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3199 P:P (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:P&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:P) ) Portal:Pokémon (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pok%C3%A9mon&redirect=no) ( exists? (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pok%C3%A9mon&action=edit&redlink=1) ) No 3200 P:POKE (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P:POKE&redirect=no) ( links (/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/P:POKE) ) Portal:Pokémon (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pok%C3%A9mon&redirect=no) ( exists? 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American fashion designer This article includes a list of general references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) , but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations) . Please help to improve (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability) this article by introducing (/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite) more precise citations. ( May 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Jazmin Whitley is an American fashion designer. [1] (#cite_note-1) Fashion line [ edit ] On March 31, 2006, Whitley launched her clothing label during Los Angeles Fashion Week (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Fashion_Week) , at the age of 17, making her the youngest fashion designer to do so. She continued to make fashion history by being the youngest fashion designer to show during New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) at the age of 18, on Sept 10, 2007. Her clients include Christina Ricci (/wiki/Christina_Ricci) , Aimee Teegarden (/wiki/Aimee_Teegarden) , Kali Hawk (/wiki/Kali_Hawk) , Jaime Pressly (/wiki/Jaime_Pressly) , Christian Serratos (/wiki/Christian_Serratos) , Blu Cantrell (/wiki/Blu_Cantrell) , Michelle Stafford (/wiki/Michelle_Stafford) , Christa B. Allen (/wiki/Christa_B._Allen) , Rena Riffel (/wiki/Rena_Riffel) , Courtney Halverson (/wiki/Courtney_Halverson) , Paris Hilton (/wiki/Paris_Hilton) , and Victoria Justice (/wiki/Victoria_Justice) among others wearing her designs on the red carpet. Whitley was contacted by MTV (/wiki/MTV) and asked to do a series that gives a view into the life of a young fashion designer and a glimpse into the backstage madness of the fashion industry. She began shooting in 2008. She can currently be seen on MTV's House of Jazmin. [2] (#cite_note-2) Jazmin Whitley has been featured in W Magazine (/wiki/W_(magazine)) , [3] (#cite_note-3) Teen Vogue (/wiki/Teen_Vogue) , [4] (#cite_note-4) Seventeen (/wiki/Seventeen_(American_magazine)) , [5] (#cite_note-5) Us Weekly (/wiki/Us_Weekly) , American Superstar Magazine, Portrait Magazine, San Diego Life & Fashion Magazine, Global Women Magazine, Relate Magazine, Westlake Magazine, Imperfekshun Magazine, LA Direct Magazine, 944 Magazine (/wiki/944_Magazine) , Justine Magazine, Gawk Magazine, Angelino Magazine, Apparel News, as well as on the cover of Santa Monica Sun Magazine and numerous others. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) kidzworld.com (http://www.kidzworld.com/article/10884-jazmin-whitley-interview) . Jazmin Whitley Interview ^ (#cite_ref-2) "MTV Original TV Shows, Reality TV Shows" (https://www.mtv.com/series/all-content?xrs=PPM-18-10caf1c) . MTV . Retrieved 2019-07-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) W Magazine (http://www.wmagazine.com/w/blogs/editorsblog/2009/08/14/in-the-house.htm) . Jazmin Whitley is in the House. Jessica Iredale. August 2009. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Teen Vogue (http://www.teenvogue.com/industry/blogs/entertainment/2009/08/meet-mtvs-new-fashion-protegee-jazmin-whitley.html) . Meet MTV's New Fashion Protegee: Jazmin Whitley. Lindsay Talbot. August 2009. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Seventeen Magazine (http://www.seventeen.com/cosmogirl/mtv-house-of-jazmin-premieres-tuesday) . MTV's New Series House of Jazmin Is a Hit! August 2009 External links [ edit ] https://web.archive.org/web/20091023114929/http://www.seventeen.com/fun-stuff/17-buzz/mtv-house-of-jazmin-premieres-tuesday (https://web.archive.org/web/20091023114929/http://www.seventeen.com/fun-stuff/17-buzz/mtv-house-of-jazmin-premieres-tuesday) [1] (https://web.archive.org/web/20090822102459/http://remotecontrol.mtv.com/2009/08/18/hoj-poll-is-jazmin-whitley-livin-the-dream) http://www.poptower.com/jazmin-whitley.htm (http://www.poptower.com/jazmin-whitley.htm) http://www.thestarscoop.com/2008/jazmin-whitley.php (http://www.thestarscoop.com/2008/jazmin-whitley.php) This article about an American person related to fashion is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Hungarian actress, producer and former fashion model The native form of this personal name (/wiki/Personal_name) is Osvárt Andrea . This article uses Western name order (/wiki/Personal_name#Western_name_order) when mentioning individuals. Andrea Osvárt Osvárt at the 2008 Venice Film Festival (/wiki/Venice_Film_Festival) Born Andrea Klára Osvárt ( 1979-04-25 ) 25 April 1979 (age 45) Budapest (/wiki/Budapest) , Hungary (/wiki/Hungary) Occupation(s) Actress, acting mentor, film producer, former fashion model Years active 2000–present Andrea Klára Osvárt (born 25 April 1979) is a Hungarian (/wiki/Hungary) actress (/wiki/Actress) , film producer (/wiki/Film_producer) , and former fashion model (/wiki/Fashion_model) . Personal life [ edit ] She was born in Budapest (/wiki/Budapest) and grew up in Tamási (/wiki/Tam%C3%A1si) , a small town in the south of Hungary. Her parents divorced when she was five. Her father is a veterinarian. She has four siblings: Judit, Roxána, András, and Márton. Osvárt attended N.2. Public School in Tamási, Zoltán Kodály (/wiki/Zolt%C3%A1n_Kod%C3%A1ly) Italian-Hungarian High School, and majored in Italian studies at the Faculty of Humanities of Eötvös Loránd University (/wiki/E%C3%B6tv%C3%B6s_Lor%C3%A1nd_University) , Budapest. [1] (#cite_note-1) She is fluent in Hungarian, English and Italian, and speaks some German and French. [2] (#cite_note-2) Career [ edit ] She began modeling at the age of 16 and subsequently came second in the Hungarian "Look of the Year" competition in 1996. She moved to Budapest and began modeling professionally in Europe, Asia, and North America. She has also made more than 30 television commercials. She played a small role in the film Spy Game (/wiki/Spy_Game) , which starred Robert Redford (/wiki/Robert_Redford) and Brad Pitt (/wiki/Brad_Pitt) . She decided to leave behind modeling and focus on her acting career. She attended one year at the Földessy Margit Acting School in Budapest (/wiki/Budapest) . She was later admitted in the biennial International Acting School in Rome (/wiki/Rome) , Italy, where she has lived since 2003. She also attended a screen-writing course at the Schilling-Moharos Screenwriter School in Hungary. [3] (#cite_note-3) The 2018 short film, Susotázs, in which she plays, made the Oscar Shortlist in the Live Action Short Film category for the 91st Academy Awards (/wiki/91st_Academy_Awards) . [4] (#cite_note-4) Current positions: 2012 – Managing Director, Amego Film Kft. http://www.amegofilm.com/ (http://www.amegofilm.com/) 2020 – 2021 Community Chief Patron at Margit Negyed Programme, 2nd District Municipality, Budapest https://margitnegyed.hu/ (https://margitnegyed.hu/) Filmography [ edit ] Acting This article contains a list that has not been properly sorted . Specifically, it does not follow the Manual of Style for lists of works (/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lists_of_works) (often, though not always, due to being in reverse-chronological order). See MOS:LISTSORT (/wiki/MOS:LISTSORT) for more information. Please improve this article (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Osv%C3%A1rt&action=edit) if you can. ( June 2018 ) Year Film Role Notes 2022 The Therapy Isabelle Amazon Prime series, original German language psychological thriller 2018 Natale a cinque stelle Berta Molnar Italian; comedy 2018 Susotázs Lady short 2017 Eleonora co-writer, producer American movie 2016 Blindspot producer Hungarian movie 2016 Madeleine producer Italian-Hungarian movie 2016 In search of Fellini Cabiria American movie 2015 The Manny (/wiki/The_Manny) Helen German movie 2015 Worlds Apart (/wiki/Worlds_Apart_(2015_film)) Elise Greek movie 2014 What Ever Happened to Timi (/wiki/What_Ever_Happened_to_Timi) Hajnal Tímea Hungarian movie 2013 Aftershock (/wiki/Aftershock_(2012_film)) Monica American-Chilean movie 2012 Transporter: The Series (/wiki/Transporter:_The_Series) Carla Valeri TV series 2012 Expired Producer short 2011 Maternity Blues Clara, Co-producer 2011 The Sunday Woman Anna Carla Dosio TV series 2010 Visions of Murder Annalisa Dossi TV movie 2010 The End Is My Beginning (/wiki/The_End_Is_My_Beginning) Saskia Terzani 2010 The Swing Girls Alexandra Lescano TV mini-series (two episodes: "Prima parte" and "Seconda parte") 2010 Lo scandalo della Banca Romana Renata TV mini-series 2009 Sisi (/wiki/Sisi_(miniseries)) Kaiserin Eugenie TV mini-series (Part 2) 2009 Poligamy Girl 13 2009 The Valley Giulia 2009 Duplicity Stunning Blonde 2008 Una piccola storia Martina 2008 Soundtrack Linda 2007 2061: An Exceptional Year (/wiki/2061:_An_Exceptional_Year) Unna 2007 Il rabdomante Harja 2007 Pompei Valeria TV mini-series 2007 Two Tigers (/w/index.php?title=Two_Tigers_(film)&action=edit&redlink=1) Gilda 2007 Exodus Sarah TV movie 2006 The Dark Sea Valentina Martini 2005 Casanova Fair Haired Beauty uncredited 2005 Il bell'Antonio Julia TV mini-series 2005 The Clan (/wiki/The_Clan_(2005_film)) Patricia 2005 La caccia Tania TV movie 2004 Sara May Ragazza in corridoio 2004 Diritto di difesa Nadia TV series (one episode: "La trappola") 2004 Surface Surface short 2003 Tea Florist TV series (one episode: "Romantika") 2003 Kistestvér Orsolya Kalmár 2001 Spy Game (/wiki/Spy_Game) Muir's Cousin uncredited 2001 Első generáció Csilla TV series (episodes #1.6-10) 2000 Contaminated Man (/wiki/Contaminated_Man) Hotel Maid Producing Adventures Italian Style (2021), HBO, Italy, Executive Producer Tékasztorik 2 (2020) Co-Executive Producer Natale a 5 stelle (2018) - Netflix Berta Molnar, Line Producer Remélem legközelebb sikerül meghalnod:) (2018) Co-Producer Földiek (2017) (Short) - Co-Producer Eleonora(2017) Actress, Producer Vakfolt (2017) Line Producer, Producer Emma (2016) (Short) - Producer Madeleine (2015) Line Producer, Producer Yes (2013) (Short) - Woman, Producer Maternity Blues (2011) Clara, Producer Expired (2011) (Short) - Producer Above the Clouds (2018– ) (TV Series) - Co-Executive Producer Television [ edit ] First Generation, directed by Szilard Szabo (2001) Tea, directed by Gabor Herendi (sitcom; 2003) Right of Defense, directed by Gianfranco Lazotti and Donatella Majorca (television episode: "The Trap"; 2004) Hunting, directed by Massimo Spano (2005) The bell'Antonio, directed by Maurizio Zaccaro (2005) Exodus - Dreams of Ada, directed by Gianluigi Calderone (2006) Pompeii, directed by Giulio Base (2006) 58th Festival di Sanremo (/wiki/Sanremo_Music_Festival_2008) (2008), with Pippo Baudo (/wiki/Pippo_Baudo) , Piero Chiambretti (/wiki/Piero_Chiambretti) and Bianca Guaccero (/wiki/Bianca_Guaccero) (co-host) The scandal of the Banca Romana, directed by Stefano Reali (2009) Sissi, directed by Xaver Schwarzenberger (2009) Prizes and awards [ edit ] This section of a biography of a living person (/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons) does not include (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) any references or sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help by adding reliable sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) . Contentious material about living people that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately . Find sources: "Andrea Osvárt" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Andrea+Osv%C3%A1rt%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Andrea+Osv%C3%A1rt%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Andrea+Osv%C3%A1rt%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Andrea+Osv%C3%A1rt%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Andrea+Osv%C3%A1rt%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Andrea+Osv%C3%A1rt%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( March 2022 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Golden Globes, Italy(2012) European Golden Globe for Maternity Blues Silver Ribbons, Italy (2012) Biraghi Award as Best Young Actress for Maternity Blues International Flaiano Awards (2011) Best Actress for The Swing Girls Monte-Carlo Television Festival (2011) Best Actress for The Swing Girls (shared with Lotte Verbeek & Elise Schaap) Filmspray (2009) — Best Actress for Il rabdomante, which won the prize for Best Film Pro Urbe Tamási (2009) — award for activities in favor of the Hungarian town WIFI (Women In Film Italy) Award (2007) — Best Newcomer References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Andrea Osvart Profile and Biography | Celebrity Days" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120407125931/http://celebritydays.com/andrea-osvart-profile-and-biography.html) . celebritydays.com . Archived from the original (http://celebritydays.com/andrea-osvart-profile-and-biography.html) on 7 April 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-2) Andrea Osvárt (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0652619/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) (bio) ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Home" (http://www.andreaosvart.com/) . andreaosvart.com . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "The Oscars 2021 News, Blogs & Articles | 93rd Academy Awards" (https://oscar.go.com/news/nominations/91st-oscars-shortlist-in-nine-award-categories-announced) . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Andrea Osvárt (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Andrea_Osv%C3%A1rt) . Andrea Osvárt (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0652619/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Official Website (https://andreaosvart.com) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000121168599) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/168972278) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJv4pKQYJRBgyVyQVyrKBP) National Spain (http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX4913576) France (https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16682254n) BnF data (https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16682254n) Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/143852973) Israel (http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007412443105171) United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2015040348) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐rf2rt Cached time: 20240720173400 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.513 seconds Real time usage: 0.696 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2407/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 39690/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4360/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 14/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 22478/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.338/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6220898/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 643.310 1 -total 24.49% 157.546 1 Template:Infobox_person 23.43% 150.725 1 Template:Reflist 17.80% 114.525 3 Template:Cite_web 16.89% 108.657 1 Template:Authority_control 11.55% 74.274 1 Template:Short_description 9.92% 63.818 2 Template:Ambox 7.98% 51.305 1 Template:Unsorted_list 7.96% 51.212 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 6.25% 40.226 21 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:25284679-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720173400 and revision id 1217837362. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Osvárt&oldid=1217837362 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Osvárt&oldid=1217837362) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1979 births (/wiki/Category:1979_births) Hungarian female models (/wiki/Category:Hungarian_female_models) Hungarian film actresses (/wiki/Category:Hungarian_film_actresses) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Actresses from Budapest (/wiki/Category:Actresses_from_Budapest) Hungarian television actresses (/wiki/Category:Hungarian_television_actresses) 21st-century Hungarian actresses (/wiki/Category:21st-century_Hungarian_actresses) Models from Budapest (/wiki/Category:Models_from_Budapest) European actors (/wiki/Category:European_actors) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from July 2021 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_July_2021) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles needing cleanup from June 2018 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_cleanup_from_June_2018) Wikipedia list cleanup from June 2018 (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_list_cleanup_from_June_2018) Wikipedia articles contravening the Manual of Style for lists of works (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_contravening_the_Manual_of_Style_for_lists_of_works) BLP articles lacking sources from March 2022 (/wiki/Category:BLP_articles_lacking_sources_from_March_2022) All BLP articles lacking sources (/wiki/Category:All_BLP_articles_lacking_sources) Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata) Articles with ISNI identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_ISNI_identifiers) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_WorldCat_Entities_identifiers) Articles with BNE identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNE_identifiers) Articles with BNF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNF_identifiers) Articles with BNFdata identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNFdata_identifiers) Articles with GND identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_GND_identifiers) Articles with J9U identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_J9U_identifiers) Articles with LCCN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers) |
Turkish women who worked as fashion designers (/wiki/Fashion_designer) . Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Turkey portal (/wiki/Portal:Turkey) This is a non-diffusing subcategory (/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization#Non-diffusing_subcategories) of Category:Turkish fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Turkish_fashion_designers) . It includes Turkish fashion designers that can also be found in the parent category, or in diffusing subcategories of the parent. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐dc899b7cc‐n9z2g Cached time: 20240720204857 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.103 seconds Real time usage: 0.138 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 137/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3973/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 301/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3351/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.058/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 938338/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 117.177 1 -total 45.27% 53.047 1 Template:Portal 40.93% 47.957 1 Template:Non-diffusing 33.99% 39.833 1 Template:Cmbox 13.62% 15.962 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 10.24% 11.998 2 Template:Category_other 8.18% 9.589 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 3.86% 4.519 1 Template:Single_namespace 1.75% 2.050 1 Template:Template_other 1.74% 2.042 1 Template:Clear Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:72298677-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720204857 and revision id 1177799675. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse Pages in category "Turkish women fashion designers" The following 6 pages are in this category, out of 6 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Yasemin Akat (/wiki/Yasemin_Akat) C Hanife Çetiner (/wiki/Hanife_%C3%87etiner) E Ece Ege (/wiki/Ece_Ege) F Dilara Fındıkoğlu (/wiki/Dilara_F%C4%B1nd%C4%B1ko%C4%9Flu) S Ivana Sert (/wiki/Ivana_Sert) Y Nur Yerlitaş (/wiki/Nur_Yerlita%C5%9F) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Turkish_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1177799675 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Turkish_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1177799675) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Turkish fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Turkish_fashion_designers) Turkish women artists (/wiki/Category:Turkish_women_artists) Women fashion designers by nationality (/wiki/Category:Women_fashion_designers_by_nationality) Hidden categories: Wikipedia non-diffusing subcategories (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_non-diffusing_subcategories) Automatic category TOC generates no TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_no_TOC) |
Canadian fashion designer and artist This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Rad_Hourani) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Rad_Hourani) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) A major contributor to this article appears to have a close connection (/wiki/Wikipedia:Conflict_of_interest) with its subject. It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia's content policies, particularly neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) . Please discuss further on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Rad_Hourani) . ( April 2019 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article is an autobiography (/wiki/Wikipedia:Autobiography) or has been extensively edited by the subject or by someone connected to the subject . It may need editing to conform to Wikipedia's neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) policy. There may be relevant discussion on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Rad_Hourani) . ( April 2019 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This biography of a living person (/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons) needs additional citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help by adding reliable sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) . Contentious material (/wiki/Wikipedia:BLPREMOVE) about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced (/wiki/Wikipedia:QUESTIONABLE) must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous (/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel) . Find sources: "Rad Hourani" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Rad+Hourani%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Rad+Hourani%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Rad+Hourani%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Rad+Hourani%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Rad+Hourani%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Rad+Hourani%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( April 2019 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Rad Hourani Born 1982 Nationality Canadian Education High school Occupation(s) artist, designer Years active 2002–present Known for Unisex /Genderless fashion Rad Hourani (born 1982) is a Canadian fashion designer and artist known for his neutral, genderless creations. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) Career He created his unisex brand Rad Hourani in 2007 along with a unisex gender-neutral ready-to-wear (/wiki/Ready-to-wear) collection. [4] (#cite_note-4) Two years later, he presented his first photo and video exhibition at the Jardins du Palais-Royal (/wiki/Palais-Royal) in Paris and continues exhibiting his photographic work around the world, including a film projection at Centre Pompidou (/wiki/Centre_Georges_Pompidou) in Paris, a solo show in Montreal at the PHI Centre, [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) an interactive installation at Tate Modern (/wiki/Tate_Modern) in London, as well as different installations at the FIT Museum (/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Technology) in New York, MU Art Center in the Netherlands, the Herning Museum of Contemporary Art (/wiki/Herning_Museum_of_Contemporary_Art) in Denmark and the Cooper Hewitt (/wiki/Cooper_Hewitt,_Smithsonian_Design_Museum) Design Museum in New York. [ citation needed ] His most recent multidisciplinary exhibitions were presented at Arsenal Contemporary Art Center in Montreal (/wiki/Montreal) , at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston) , a film installation at the Guggenheim Museum (/wiki/Guggenheim_Museum) in Bilbao. [ citation needed ] His work is included in the permanent collection of the Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum. [7] (#cite_note-7) In January 2013, Hourani became an invited member of the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture (/wiki/Chambre_Syndicale_de_la_Haute_Couture) in Paris, making him both the first Canadian to show during Couture Week, as well as the first designer to show a unisex collection at this event. [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) References ^ (#cite_ref-1) Sidell, Misty White (25 January 2013). "The Birth of Unisex Couture: Rad Hourani" (https://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/01/24/the-birth-of-unisex-couture-rad-hourani) . The Daily Beast – via www.thedailybeast.com. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Rad Hourani: Nightime Person" (https://www.interviewmagazine.com/fashion/rad-hourani-nightime-person) . 20 February 2009. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Rad Hourani has found success in the niche concept of genderless dressing" (https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/article/1030636/unisex-appeal-genderless-dressing-rad-hourani) . South China Morning Post . 14 September 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Cochrane, Lauren (30 January 2014). "Rad Hourani presents the first unisex couture collection" (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2014/jan/30/rad-hourani-first-unisex-couture-collection-fashion) . The Guardian – via www.theguardian.com. ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Fashion designer Rad Hourani's style on display in Montreal" (https://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/fashion-designer-rad-hourani-s-style-on-display-in-montreal-1.472664) . The National . 10 October 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-6) Saad, Shirine (11 April 2014). "31-Year-Old Designer Rad Hourani Opens Solo Exhibit in Montreal" (https://fashionista.com/2013/11/31-year-old-designer-rad-hourani-opens-solo-exhibit-in-montreal) . Fashionista . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Search results for "rad hourani" - Collection of Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum" (https://collection.cooperhewitt.org/search/collection/?query=rad+hourani) . collection.cooperhewitt.org . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Montreal's Rad Hourani first Canadian invited to present collection of haute couture in Paris - The Star" (https://www.thestar.com/life/2013/01/18/montreals_rad_hourani_first_canadian_invited_to_present_collection_of_haute_couture_in_paris.html) . thestar.com . 18 January 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Rad Hourani becomes the first Canadian member of the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture" (https://fashionmagazine.com/fashion/rad-hourani-becomes-the-first-canadian-a-member-of-the-chambre-syndicale-de-la-haute-couture/) . 16 January 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-10) Mayer, Erin (30 January 2014). "Rad Hourani Tries to Make Unisex Couture Happen" (https://www.bustle.com/articles/14153-rad-hourani-brings-createst-first-ever-unisex-couture-collection) . Bustle . 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This is a non-diffusing subcategory (/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization#Non-diffusing_subcategories) of Category:Kosovan fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Kosovan_fashion_designers) . It includes Kosovan fashion designers that can also be found in the parent category, or in diffusing subcategories of the parent. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐dc899b7cc‐h5zcm Cached time: 20240720204857 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.095 seconds Real time usage: 0.110 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 55/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1854/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 208/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 2310/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.064/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 627811/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 95.244 1 Template:Non-diffusing_subcategory 100.00% 95.244 1 -total 91.65% 87.293 1 Template:Cmbox 5.36% 5.102 1 Template:Single_namespace 3.09% 2.947 1 Template:Category_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:72306297-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720204857 and revision id 1199717205. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse Pages in category "Kosovan women fashion designers" The following 3 pages are in this category, out of 3 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . D Dejzi (/wiki/Dejzi) M Lirika Matoshi (/wiki/Lirika_Matoshi) Teuta Matoshi (/wiki/Teuta_Matoshi) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Kosovan_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1199717205 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Kosovan_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1199717205) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Kosovan fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Kosovan_fashion_designers) Kosovan women by occupation (/wiki/Category:Kosovan_women_by_occupation) Women fashion designers by nationality (/wiki/Category:Women_fashion_designers_by_nationality) Hidden category: Wikipedia non-diffusing subcategories (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_non-diffusing_subcategories) |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Clothing by country (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Clothing_by_country) . This category describes traditional and historic clothing by nationality . 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 83 subcategories, out of 83 total. Footwear by country (/wiki/Category:Footwear_by_country) (8 C, 1 P) Headgear by country (/wiki/Category:Headgear_by_country) (11 C) A Afghan clothing (/wiki/Category:Afghan_clothing) (17 P) African clothing (/wiki/Category:African_clothing) (10 C, 52 P) Albanian clothing (/wiki/Category:Albanian_clothing) (9 P) Algerian clothing (/wiki/Category:Algerian_clothing) (19 P) American clothing (/wiki/Category:American_clothing) (6 C, 8 P) Armenian clothing (/wiki/Category:Armenian_clothing) (1 C, 7 P) Australian clothing (/wiki/Category:Australian_clothing) (4 C, 12 P) Austrian clothing (/wiki/Category:Austrian_clothing) (6 P) Azerbaijani clothing (/wiki/Category:Azerbaijani_clothing) (1 C, 7 P) Aztec clothing (/wiki/Category:Aztec_clothing) (6 P) B Bangladeshi clothing (/wiki/Category:Bangladeshi_clothing) (2 C, 32 P) Belarusian clothing (/wiki/Category:Belarusian_clothing) (4 P) Bhutanese clothing (/wiki/Category:Bhutanese_clothing) (8 P) Bolivian clothing (/wiki/Category:Bolivian_clothing) (3 P) Brazilian clothing (/wiki/Category:Brazilian_clothing) (1 P) British clothing (/wiki/Category:British_clothing) (4 C, 15 P) Bulgarian clothing (/wiki/Category:Bulgarian_clothing) (2 P) Burmese clothing (/wiki/Category:Burmese_clothing) (3 C, 9 P) Byzantine clothing (/wiki/Category:Byzantine_clothing) (1 C, 28 P) C Cambodian clothing (/wiki/Category:Cambodian_clothing) (8 P) Canadian clothing (/wiki/Category:Canadian_clothing) (2 C, 2 P) Chilean clothing (/wiki/Category:Chilean_clothing) (8 P) Chinese clothing (/wiki/Category:Chinese_clothing) (5 C, 18 P) Clothing of the Ottoman Empire (/wiki/Category:Clothing_of_the_Ottoman_Empire) (21 P) Colombian clothing (/wiki/Category:Colombian_clothing) (5 P) Croatian clothing (/wiki/Category:Croatian_clothing) (1 C, 3 P) D Dutch clothing (/wiki/Category:Dutch_clothing) (1 C, 7 P) E Egyptian clothing (/wiki/Category:Egyptian_clothing) (5 P) Emirati clothing (/wiki/Category:Emirati_clothing) (1 C, 1 P) Eritrean clothing (/wiki/Category:Eritrean_clothing) (1 C, 8 P) F Finnish clothing (/wiki/Category:Finnish_clothing) (4 P) French clothing (/wiki/Category:French_clothing) (3 C, 13 P) G Clothing of Georgia (country) (/wiki/Category:Clothing_of_Georgia_(country)) (3 P) German clothing (/wiki/Category:German_clothing) (1 C, 16 P) Greek clothing (/wiki/Category:Greek_clothing) (1 C, 33 P) H Hungarian clothing (/wiki/Category:Hungarian_clothing) (3 P) I Icelandic clothing (/wiki/Category:Icelandic_clothing) (1 C, 3 P) Illyrian clothing (/wiki/Category:Illyrian_clothing) (2 P) Indian clothing (/wiki/Category:Indian_clothing) (10 C, 112 P) Indonesian clothing (/wiki/Category:Indonesian_clothing) (3 C, 20 P) Iranian clothing (/wiki/Category:Iranian_clothing) (5 C, 26 P) Irish clothing (/wiki/Category:Irish_clothing) (1 C, 8 P) Italian clothing (/wiki/Category:Italian_clothing) (2 C, 5 P) J Japanese clothing (/wiki/Category:Japanese_clothing) (9 C, 19 P) L Laotian clothing (/wiki/Category:Laotian_clothing) (4 P) Lithuanian clothing (/wiki/Category:Lithuanian_clothing) (6 P) M Macedonian clothing (/wiki/Category:Macedonian_clothing) (4 P) Maltese clothing (/wiki/Category:Maltese_clothing) (1 P) Mexican clothing (/wiki/Category:Mexican_clothing) (1 C, 7 P) Montenegrin clothing (/wiki/Category:Montenegrin_clothing) (1 P) Moroccan clothing (/wiki/Category:Moroccan_clothing) (8 P) Mozambican clothing (/wiki/Category:Mozambican_clothing) (1 P) Mughal clothing (/wiki/Category:Mughal_clothing) (13 P) N Nepalese clothing (/wiki/Category:Nepalese_clothing) (13 P) Nigerian clothing (/wiki/Category:Nigerian_clothing) (12 P) Norwegian clothing (/wiki/Category:Norwegian_clothing) (2 C, 9 P) P Pakistani clothing (/wiki/Category:Pakistani_clothing) (7 C, 35 P) Palestinian clothing (/wiki/Category:Palestinian_clothing) (6 P) Peruvian clothing (/wiki/Category:Peruvian_clothing) (1 C, 7 P) Philippine clothing (/wiki/Category:Philippine_clothing) (2 C, 23 P) Polish clothing (/wiki/Category:Polish_clothing) (12 P) Portuguese clothing (/wiki/Category:Portuguese_clothing) (3 P) Q Qatari clothing (/wiki/Category:Qatari_clothing) (1 P) R Romanian clothing (/wiki/Category:Romanian_clothing) (1 C, 3 P) Russian clothing (/wiki/Category:Russian_clothing) (2 C, 22 P) S Saudi Arabian clothing (/wiki/Category:Saudi_Arabian_clothing) (4 P) Serbian clothing (/wiki/Category:Serbian_clothing) (1 C, 4 P) Slovak clothing (/wiki/Category:Slovak_clothing) (1 P) South Korean clothing (/wiki/Category:South_Korean_clothing) (2 C, 1 P) Spanish clothing (/wiki/Category:Spanish_clothing) (2 C, 27 P) Sri Lankan clothing (/wiki/Category:Sri_Lankan_clothing) (2 C, 11 P) Sudanese clothing (/wiki/Category:Sudanese_clothing) (6 P) Swiss clothing (/wiki/Category:Swiss_clothing) (1 C, 3 P) T Thai clothing (/wiki/Category:Thai_clothing) (2 C, 13 P) Tunisian clothing (/wiki/Category:Tunisian_clothing) (5 P) Turkish clothing (/wiki/Category:Turkish_clothing) (2 C, 13 P) U Ukrainian clothing (/wiki/Category:Ukrainian_clothing) (2 C, 13 P) Uzbek clothing (/wiki/Category:Uzbek_clothing) (10 P) V Venezuelan clothing (/wiki/Category:Venezuelan_clothing) (1 P) Vietnamese clothing (/wiki/Category:Vietnamese_clothing) (3 C, 14 P) Y Yemeni clothing (/wiki/Category:Yemeni_clothing) (11 P) Pages in category "Clothing by country" This category contains only the following page. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . C Clothing laws by country (/wiki/Clothing_laws_by_country) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_by_country&oldid=1203763620 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_by_country&oldid=1203763620) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing (/wiki/Category:Clothing) Folk costumes (/wiki/Category:Folk_costumes) Folk culture by country (/wiki/Category:Folk_culture_by_country) Traditions by country (/wiki/Category:Traditions_by_country) Hidden category: Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata) |
American duo Niki and Gabi Born Nicola Teresa DeMartino Gabriella Nelida DeMartino ( 1995-05-05 ) May 5, 1995 (age 29) Pennsylvania (/wiki/Pennsylvania) , U.S. Occupations Internet personalities singers Years active 2010–2024 Awards Full list (#Awards_and_nominations) Musical career Genres Pop Musical artist YouTube information Channel Niki and Gabi (https://www.youtube.com/user/nikiandgabibeauty) Genres lifestyle music Comedy Subscribers 9.52 million [1] (#cite_note-YouTubeStatsNiki_and_Gabi-1) Total views 1.3 billion [1] (#cite_note-YouTubeStatsNiki_and_Gabi-1) Creator Awards (/wiki/YouTube_Creator_Awards) 100,000 subscribers 2015 1,000,000 subscribers 2016 Last updated: December 7, 2021 Niki and Gabi (born May 5, 1995), [2] (#cite_note-2) were an American duo composed of twin sisters Niki DeMar and Gabi DeMartino. They rose to fame following the creation of their YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) channel, where they posted covers (/wiki/Cover_version) and vlogs (/wiki/Vlog) . They partnered with Awesomeness (/wiki/Awesomeness_(company)) to produce several web shows (/wiki/Web_series) , including their self-titled (#Reality_web_series) reality series (/wiki/Reality_television) which has run for five seasons. They made their acting debut in the 2016 comedy-drama film Dance Camp (/wiki/Dance_Camp) , and their official debut single "First" was released in 2017. In 2018, the duo won their first Streamy Award (/wiki/Streamy_Awards) in the category of fashion. The same year, they released their debut extended play, Individual (/wiki/Individual_(EP)) , which peaked at two Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) charts. Their last single before starting their solo careers "Hair Tie" was released in 2019. Niki released two extended plays (/wiki/Extended_play) titled Nights Alone (2021) and Ruined My Life (2023), while Gabi released one studio album (/wiki/Album) , Paintings of Me (2022) and one extended play, Gabroadway (2020). In 2024 it was confirmed that the Niki & Gabi youtube channel had come to an end and the twins would be solely focused on independent careers and their relationships, with Niki getting married in July of 2024 to Julianne Hope. Life and career [ edit ] 1995–2015: Early life and career beginnings [ edit ] Nicola Teresa DeMartino and Gabriella Nelida DeMartino are twin sisters that were born on May 5, 1995. They attended Notre Dame High School (/wiki/Notre_Dame_High_School_(Easton,_Pennsylvania)) in Easton, Pennsylvania (/wiki/Easton,_Pennsylvania) , and then DeSales University (/wiki/DeSales_University) in Center Valley, Pennsylvania (/wiki/Center_Valley,_Pennsylvania) , where Niki majored in television and film and Gabi majored in musical theatre. They dropped out of college after their junior year. [3] (#cite_note-CareerStart-3) They auditioned for the X Factor (/wiki/The_X_Factor) with their older sister Alex, performing " Telephone (/wiki/Telephone_(song)) " by Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) and Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) . [4] (#cite_note-4) They initially produced comedy skits on their YouTube channel 00RemakeGirls . They later started a new channel, Niki and Gabi Beauty , for beauty, fashion and lifestyle themed videos. They signed with AwesomenessTV (/wiki/AwesomenessTV) and StyleHaul (/wiki/StyleHaul) in 2012. [3] (#cite_note-CareerStart-3) A parody of " Friday (/wiki/Friday_(Rebecca_Black_song)) " by Rebecca Black (/wiki/Rebecca_Black) in 2013 helped launch their YouTube career. [5] (#cite_note-5) They released their first single "We're Not Over" on June 21, 2014, which however was taken down from streaming platforms along with their second single "It" that was released in June 2015. [3] (#cite_note-CareerStart-3) [6] (#cite_note-6) 2016–2019: Reality shows and Individual [ edit ] Niki and Gabi were cast in the YouTube Red (/wiki/YouTube_Red) comedy-drama web film Dance Camp (/wiki/Dance_Camp) as the characters of Mia and Mya respectively. [7] (#cite_note-7) Gabi released her debut solo single "Ever After" in July 2016. [8] (#cite_note-8) In January 2017, Niki and Gabi released their official debut single, "First". [9] (#cite_note-9) In August 2017, they released a single titled "R U" which served as the lead single from their first extended play (/wiki/Extended_play) . [10] (#cite_note-:0-10) Niki was cast as Sadie in the second season of the Hulu (/wiki/Hulu) horror web television series Freakish (/wiki/Freakish_(TV_series)) . [11] (#cite_note-11) Blood Queens , a horror-comedy YouTube web series created by Gabi, which was also a spin-off of Scream Queens (/wiki/Scream_Queens_(2015_TV_series)) , premiered in October 2017 and has run for four seasons from 2017 to 2020. [12] (#cite_note-ForbesGabi-12) On June 4, 2018, Wet Seal (/wiki/Wet_Seal) collaborated with Niki and Gabi and launched a limited edition clothing called "Niki + Gabi for Wet Seal". [13] (#cite_note-13) The collection included accessories, tops and dresses. [14] (#cite_note-14) The same month, they released "Sleep it Off" as the second single from their extended play. [10] (#cite_note-:0-10) In July, they released their debut extended play, Individual (/wiki/Individual_(EP)) , which charted at number 14 on the Heatseekers Albums (/wiki/Top_Heatseekers) chart and number 32 on the Independent Albums (/wiki/Independent_Albums) chart. The EP contained two solo singles from the duo which are "Let It Roar" and "Flowers". [15] (#cite_note-15) In September, Gabi was featured on Mina Tobias' track "Another One" with Kai Lucas, the same month, she released a single titled "Yacht". [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) In October, Gabi appeared in the music video for Thank U, Next (/wiki/Thank_U,_Next_(song)) by Ariana Grande (/wiki/Ariana_Grande) . [18] (#cite_note-18) Niki and Gabi signed to Abrams Artists Agency in 2019. [19] (#cite_note-19) In February 2019, Gabi released "Cold Room", which was written in 2016. [20] (#cite_note-20) In August 2019, Niki and Gabi released their final single, "Hair Tie". [21] (#cite_note-21) In December 2019, Niki released a Christmas single titled "Sad Holiday". [22] (#cite_note-22) 2020–present: Solo projects [ edit ] In December 2019, it has been announced that Niki and Gabi would be focusing on their solo careers, and releasing their solo studio albums in 2020. [23] (#cite_note-:1-23) They also revealed plans of possibly touring together. [23] (#cite_note-:1-23) While remaining independent, Gabi signed a management deal with Roc Nation (/wiki/Roc_Nation) , and her solo album, at the time called Beautiful Mess was set for release in spring. [24] (#cite_note-24) [25] (#cite_note-25) Gabi released an extended play in June, titled Gabroadway ahead of her studio album. [26] (#cite_note-26) In July and October, Niki released the first singles from her solo project, "Alone in My Car" and "Bite of Me" respectively. [27] (#cite_note-ForbesNiki-27) In September, Gabi released "Champagne Dreams", which has been marketed as the lead single from her album, but was later scrapped. [12] (#cite_note-ForbesGabi-12) Due to changes in plans and new songwriting sessions, Gabi's album has been renamed to Paintings of Me , with a new release date. The lead single "Pretty Little Mind" was released in October. Following their YouTube hiatus in November 2020, they returned to their collaborative channel in March 2021. [28] (#cite_note-28) They also launched their Snapchat (/wiki/Snapchat) reality series, Twinning Out , in May 2021. [29] (#cite_note-29) Niki gave an interview for Vanity Teen magazine in March, following the release of her single "Messy Room". [30] (#cite_note-30) [31] (#cite_note-31) It was shortly followed by "25", released in June. [32] (#cite_note-32) In August, Gabi opened for German DJ and producer Zedd (/wiki/Zedd) at his concert in Musikfest (/wiki/Musikfest) , performing songs from her album, and she also released Paintings of Me 's second single "Not Today". [33] (#cite_note-33) [34] (#cite_note-34) [35] (#cite_note-35) [36] (#cite_note-36) The same month, she partnered with Pumpkin & Spice and launched their skincare line, and Niki announced her debut extended play. [37] (#cite_note-37) Niki's debut extended play, Nights Alone , was released in September. [38] (#cite_note-38) In October, Gabi released the third single from her album, "Immaculate", describing it as a 'cancel culture anthem'. [39] (#cite_note-39) The fourth and final single "Broken Morning" was released in March 2022. [40] (#cite_note-40) Gabi's debut studio album, Paintings of Me , was released in May. [41] (#cite_note-41) In October 2022, Niki released "Pregame" as the lead single from her second extended play Ruined My Life . [42] (#cite_note-42) The second single "Love & Misery" was released in March 2023, [43] (#cite_note-43) the third single "Amnesia" was released in April, [44] (#cite_note-44) and the final single "Sorry Than Safe" was released in May. [45] (#cite_note-45) Niki's second extended play, Ruined My Life , was released in July. [46] (#cite_note-46) The same month, Gabi released a single titled "Heaven". [47] (#cite_note-47) In July of 2024 it was confirmed that Niki had married her partner Jules (aka. Julianne Hope) in a Las Vegas elopement ceremony. The video of the wedding is being used to promote Niki’s upcoming single “Vegas”. Controversies [ edit ] In September 2019, Niki and Gabi released a video on their channel titled "Going to College Dressed as Celebrities Challenge" in which American singer Normani (/wiki/Normani) was portrayed by a man. The video was criticized for "furthering stereotypes about black women having masculine features (/wiki/Angry_black_woman) ". [48] (#cite_note-TikTok-48) In March 2020, Niki posted a TikTok (/wiki/TikTok) in wake of the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) which showed her with an Asian manicurist (/wiki/Manicurist) , both masked, while the song "It's Corona Time" plays over the video. The TikTok was criticized as racist and insensitive due to the implication that the manicurist had COVID-19 (/wiki/COVID-19) amid the rising xenophobia and racism experienced by Asians in the United States (/wiki/Xenophobia_and_racism_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic#United_States) during the pandemic. The video was deleted and she issued an apology. [48] (#cite_note-TikTok-48) In September 2020, Gabi was criticized for a video titled "BFF Income Challenge" in which she was accused of flaunting her income. In the video, she compared her spending income with a friend revealing a "spending disparity of thousands of dollars per week". She later issued an apology. [49] (#cite_note-OnlyFansVulture-49) In December 2020, Gabi made a nude video of herself at the age of 3 available for sale for $3 on the content subscription platform OnlyFans (/wiki/OnlyFans) . [50] (#cite_note-OnlyFansBuzzFeed-50) [51] (#cite_note-OnlyFansFox-51) [52] (#cite_note-OnlyFansDailyBeast-52) [53] (#cite_note-OnlyFansIndependent-53) [49] (#cite_note-OnlyFansVulture-49) She was accused of misleading her fans about the contents of her video which was teased with the caption "won't put my panties on", distributing child pornography (/wiki/Child_pornography) and setting up unsuspecting purchasers for possession of child pornography. [50] (#cite_note-OnlyFansBuzzFeed-50) [49] (#cite_note-OnlyFansVulture-49) OnlyFans suspended her account for violating their terms of service. [50] (#cite_note-OnlyFansBuzzFeed-50) Gabi initially attempted to downplay the incident as " trolling (/wiki/Trolling) ", stating to Insider (/wiki/Business_Insider) , "Drama channels are trying to make something out of a childhood video of me, that's hilarious", and claiming her OnlyFans "was not a sexual page", though her previous posts were sexual in nature. [54] (#cite_note-OnlyFansInsider-54) She later posted an apology video to her YouTube channel. [51] (#cite_note-OnlyFansFox-51) [53] (#cite_note-OnlyFansIndependent-53) [49] (#cite_note-OnlyFansVulture-49) Reality web series [ edit ] The duo star in their own reality web series, Niki and Gabi , by AwesomenessTV (/wiki/AwesomenessTV) . It has run for five seasons. [12] (#cite_note-ForbesGabi-12) Season Title Episodes Originally aired First aired Last aired 1 Spring Break 5 May 8, 2017 ( 2017-05-08 ) June 5, 2017 ( 2017-06-05 ) 2 Summer Break 7 September 2, 2017 ( 2017-09-02 ) October 14, 2017 ( 2017-10-14 ) 3 Take New York 7 May 5, 2018 ( 2018-05-05 ) June 16, 2018 ( 2018-06-16 ) 4 Take Miami 7 May 5, 2019 ( 2019-05-05 ) June 16, 2019 ( 2019-06-16 ) 5 Take Bahamas (/wiki/Niki_and_Gabi_Take_Bahamas) 7 April 18, 2020 ( 2020-04-18 ) May 30, 2020 ( 2020-05-30 ) Discography [ edit ] Studio albums [ edit ] Title Details Gabi DeMartino Paintings of Me Released: May 5, 2022 Label: Self-released (/wiki/Self-publishing) Formats: digital download (/wiki/Digital_download_(music)) , streaming (/wiki/Streaming_media) Extended plays [ edit ] Title Details Peak chart positions US (/wiki/Top_Heatseekers) Heat. (/wiki/Top_Heatseekers) [55] (#cite_note-55) US (/wiki/Independent_Albums) Indie (/wiki/Independent_Albums) [56] (#cite_note-56) Niki & Gabi Individual (/wiki/Individual_(EP)) Released: July 27, 2018 Label: Self-released (/wiki/Self-publishing) Formats: digital download (/wiki/Digital_download_(music)) , streaming (/wiki/Streaming_media) 14 32 Niki DeMar Nights Alone Released: September 3, 2021 Label: Self-released (/wiki/Self-publishing) Formats: digital download (/wiki/Digital_download_(music)) , streaming (/wiki/Streaming_media) – – Ruined My Life Released: July 7, 2023 Label: Self-released (/wiki/Self-publishing) Formats: digital download (/wiki/Digital_download_(music)) , streaming (/wiki/Streaming_media) – – Gabi DeMartino Gabroadway Released: June 10, 2020 Label: Self-released (/wiki/Self-publishing) Formats: digital download (/wiki/Digital_download_(music)) , streaming (/wiki/Streaming_media) – – Singles [ edit ] Title Year Album Niki & Gabi "We're Not Over" 2014 Non-album singles "It" 2015 "First" 2017 "RU" Individual (/wiki/Individual_(EP)) "Sleep It Off" 2018 "Flowers" / "Let It Roar" [a] (#cite_note-57) "Hair Tie" 2019 Non-album singles "Rise and Shine" [57] (#cite_note-58) Niki DeMar "Anthem for the Judged" [58] (#cite_note-59) 2018 Non-album singles "Sad Holiday" 2019 "Alone in My Car" 2020 Nights Alone "Bite of Me" "Messy Room" 2021 "25" "Stuck" "9 Lives" [59] (#cite_note-60) 2022 Non-album singles "When My High Wears Off" [60] (#cite_note-61) "Pregame" (solo or with 7evin7ins) Ruined My Life "Love & Misery" 2023 "Amnesia" "Sorry Than Safe" "Vegas" 2024 “Knew It All Along” Gabi DeMartino "Ever After" 2016 Non-album singles "Yacht" 2018 "Cold Room" 2019 "Champagne Dreams" 2020 "Pretty Little Mind" Paintings of Me "Not Today" 2021 "Immaculate" "Barbie and Ken" (feat. Kenny Screven) [61] (#cite_note-62) Non-album single "Broken Morning" 2022 Paintings of Me "Heaven" 2023 Non-album single Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-57) "Flowers" is sung by Gabi, while "Let It Roar" is sung by Niki Filmography [ edit ] Wheel Of Fashion (2015–2016, AwesomenssTV (/wiki/Awesomeness_(company)) , YouTube) DIY Or DI-Don't (2015–2017, AwesomenssTV, YouTube) Teen Choice Awards (/wiki/Teen_Choice_Awards) (2015, Fox (/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company) ) YouTubers React (2016, React (/wiki/React_(media_franchise)) , YouTube) Top Five Live (2016, AwesomenssTV, YouTube) Niki and Gabi (#Reality_web_series) (2017–2020, AwesomenssTV, YouTube) Dear DeMartino (2018, AwesomenssTV, YouTube) Twinning Out (2021, Snapchat (/wiki/Snapchat) ) Awards and nominations [ edit ] Award Year Category Result Ref. iHeartRadio Music Awards (/wiki/IHeartRadio_Music_Awards) 2020 (/wiki/2020_iHeartRadio_Music_Awards) Social Star Award Nominated [62] (#cite_note-63) Premios Juventud (/wiki/Premios_Juventud) 2019 (/wiki/2019_Premios_Juventud) Name a Better Duo Nominated [63] (#cite_note-64) Shorty Awards (/wiki/Shorty_Awards) 2018 (/wiki/10th_Shorty_Awards) YouTube Ensemble Nominated [64] (#cite_note-65) Streamy Awards (/wiki/Streamy_Awards) 2016 (/wiki/6th_Streamy_Awards) Fashion Nominated [65] (#cite_note-66) 2017 (/wiki/7th_Streamy_Awards) Lifestyle Nominated [66] (#cite_note-67) 2018 (/wiki/8th_Streamy_Awards) Fashion Won [67] (#cite_note-68) 2019 (/wiki/9th_Streamy_Awards) Lifestyle Nominated [68] (#cite_note-69) Teen Choice Awards (/wiki/Teen_Choice_Awards) 2016 (/wiki/2016_Teen_Choice_Awards) Choice Web Star: Fashion/Beauty Nominated [69] (#cite_note-70) 2017 (/wiki/2017_Teen_Choice_Awards) Choice Female Web Star Nominated [70] (#cite_note-71) 2019 (/wiki/2019_Teen_Choice_Awards) Choice YouTuber Nominated [71] (#cite_note-72) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "About Niki and Gabi" (https://www.youtube.com/user/nikiandgabibeauty/about) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Bain, Ellissa (4 December 2020). "What happened with Niki and Gabi? OnlyFans drama explained!" (https://www.hitc.com/en-gb/2020/12/04/what-happened-with-niki-and-gabi/) . HITC . Retrieved 24 March 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Bethlehem teens hit it big on YouTube with fashion channel" (https://www.lehighvalleylive.com/entertainment-general/2014/06/bethlehem_teens_hit_it_big_on.html) . Lehigh Valley Live . 15 June 2014 . Retrieved 15 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Niki and Gabi (13 March 2017). We Auditioned for X Factor (story time) + LIVE FOOTAGE | Niki and Gabi . Retrieved 3 July 2024 – via YouTube. ^ (#cite_ref-5) "How Rebecca Black's Viral Song Friday Helped Launch the Niki and Gabi YouTube Channel" (https://people.com/social-media-stars/how-rebecca-blacks-viral-song-friday-helped-launch-the-niki-and-gabi-youtube-channel/) . People . 23 August 2019 . Retrieved 15 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "my first birthday without her" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dFOQdDkkOdA) . YouTube – Fancy Vlogs By Gab . 8 May 2020 . Retrieved 21 March 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "YouTube, Awesomeness Films Announce First Movie: 'Dance Camp' (https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/youtube-awesomeness-films-dance-camp-movie-1201588834/) " (https://variety.com/2015/digital/news/youtube-awesomeness-films-dance-camp-movie-1201588834/) . Variety . 9 September 2015 . Retrieved 15 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Ever After – by Gabriella DeMartino (original song)" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eNEPzIGjJEA) . YouTube . 1 November 2016 . Retrieved 5 December 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Staff, A. O. L. (12 December 2016). "Niki and Gabi DeMartino share what it's like to be social media mavens" (https://www.aol.com/entertainment/2016-12-09-niki-and-gabi-demartino-share-what-its-like-to-social-media-ma-21624412.html) . www.aol.com . Retrieved 12 June 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Social Media Stars Niki & Gabi DeMartino Deliver Sheer Pop Perfection On New Track 'Sleep It Off' (https://www.accessonline.com/articles/social-media-stars-niki-gabi-demartino-deliver-sheer-pop-perfection-new-track-sleep-it) " (https://www.accessonline.com/articles/social-media-stars-niki-gabi-demartino-deliver-sheer-pop-perfection-new-track-sleep-it) . Access . 29 June 2018 . Retrieved 14 May 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) " (https://www.ibtimes.com/freakish-season-2-spoilers-meet-new-characters-2602666) 'Freakish' Season 2 Spoilers: Meet The New Characters" (https://www.ibtimes.com/freakish-season-2-spoilers-meet-new-characters-2602666) . International Business Times . 17 October 2017 . Retrieved 15 July 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Viral YouTuber Gabi DeMartino Approaches Music Industry With 'Champagne Dreams' (https://www.forbes.com/sites/andreazarczynski/2020/09/01/viral-youtuber-gabi-demartino-approaches-music-industry-with-champagne-dreams/?sh=3a59d1695385) " (https://www.forbes.com/sites/andreazarczynski/2020/09/01/viral-youtuber-gabi-demartino-approaches-music-industry-with-champagne-dreams/?sh=3a59d1695385) . Forbes . 1 September 2020 . Retrieved 5 December 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Asch, Andrew (7 June 2018). "Wet Seal Plots Comeback For Social Media Age" (http://www.apparelnews.net/news/2018/jun/07/wet-seal-plots-comeback-social-media-age/) . www.apparelnews.net . Retrieved 21 March 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Asch, Andrew (17 May 2018). "Wet Seal Back With New Fashion Line" (http://www.apparelnews.net/news/2018/may/17/wet-seal-back-new-fashion-line/) . www.apparelnews.net . Retrieved 21 March 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Niki & Gabi DeMartino Drop Two Songs Off Upcoming EP 'Individual' | TigerBeat" (https://tigerbeat.com/video/niki-gabi-flowers-roar/) . 16 July 2018 . Retrieved 10 December 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Another One – song by Mina Tobias, Gabi DeMartino, Kai Lucas" (https://open.spotify.com/track/1w9gzxACddzannTtEzWbQ6) . Spotify . 7 September 2018 . Retrieved 10 December 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Who Is Gabi DeMartino? New Details About The YouTuber Called Out For Impersonating Ariana Grande" (https://www.yourtango.com/2018317354/who-gabi-demartino-youtube-copying-ariana-grande) . YourTango . 4 October 2018 . Retrieved 10 December 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "All of the incredible people who star in Ariana Grande's 'thank u, next' video" (https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/entertainment/a25289854/ariana-grande-thank-u-next-video-who-is-who/) . Cosmopolitan . 30 November 2018 . Retrieved 15 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Rep Sheet Roundup: Jamie-Lynn Sigler Signs With Abrams" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/rep-sheet-roundup-jamie-lynn-sigler-signs-abrams-1205345) . Cosmopolitan . 29 April 2019 . Retrieved 15 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Gabi DeMartino Debuts "Cold Room" (http://www.thedailyshuffle.com/gabi-demartino-debuts-cold-room/) " (http://www.thedailyshuffle.com/gabi-demartino-debuts-cold-room/) . The Daily Shuffle . 15 February 2019 . Retrieved 5 December 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Niki and Gabi – Hair Tie – Exclusive Video Premiere" (http://1883magazine.com/niki-and-gabi-exclusive-hair-tie-video-premiere/) . 1883 Magazine . 1 August 2019 . Retrieved 14 May 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Review: Niki DeMar Releases The Brand New Single "Sad Holiday"!" (https://fiercefabulousrevolution.com/2019/12/07/review-niki-demar-releases-the-brand-new-single-sad-holiday/) . Fierce Fabulous Revolution . 6 December 2019 . Retrieved 10 December 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b Stivale, Shelby (19 April 2020). "Niki And Gabi DeMartino Tease Upcoming 'Individual' New Albums" (https://www.j-14.com/posts/niki-and-gabi-demartino-tease-upcoming-individual-new-albums/) . J-14 . Retrieved 3 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) fancy vlogs by gab (16 January 2020). i have something to tell you + please dont hate me for it! . Retrieved 3 July 2024 – via YouTube. ^ (#cite_ref-25) Staff, J.-14 (30 September 2020). "Upcoming Music Release Dates: New Albums Coming In 2020" (https://www.j-14.com/posts/upcoming-music-release-dates-new-albums-coming-in-2020/) . J-14 . Retrieved 3 July 2024 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list) ) ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Gabroadway – EP by Gabi DeMartino on Apple Music" (https://music.apple.com/gb/album/gabroadway-ep/1518006502?uo=2&at=10l9W2&ct=chart) . Apple Music . 16 June 2020 . Retrieved 10 December 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-ForbesNiki_27-0) "YouTuber Niki DeMar's New Single Honors Creativity In Isolation" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/andreazarczynski/2020/10/23/youtuber-niki-demars-new-single-honors-creativity-in-isolation/?sh=3f42fac82b05) . Forbes . 23 October 2020 . Retrieved 5 December 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) Niki and Gabi (21 March 2021). We're Back & Where We've Been.. | Niki and Gabi . Retrieved 4 July 2024 – via YouTube. ^ (#cite_ref-29) Varina, Rachel (12 May 2021). "YouTubers Niki & Gabi Have Their Own Snapchat Show & It Looks Wild" (https://www.elitedaily.com/p/niki-gabis-twinning-out-snapchat-trailer-teases-big-changes-77733757) . Elite Daily . Retrieved 14 May 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) "Niki DeMar Discusses Mental Health With Powerful New Song, "Messy Room" (https://americansongwriter.com/niki-demar-discusses-mental-health-with-powerful-new-song-messy-room/) " (https://americansongwriter.com/niki-demar-discusses-mental-health-with-powerful-new-song-messy-room/) . American Songwriter . 8 March 2021 . Retrieved 14 May 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) Niki DeMar: welcome to my Messy Room (https://www.vanityteen.com/niki-demar-welcome-to-my-messy-room/) 5 March 2021. Vanity Teen. ^ (#cite_ref-32) " (https://frenchfries-mag.com/interview/2021/7/26/youre-not-alone-ever-niki-demar-premieres-hyundai-promoted-track-on-soundcloud) "You're not alone, ever!", Niki Demar premieres Hyundai Promoted Track on SoundCloud" (https://frenchfries-mag.com/interview/2021/7/26/youre-not-alone-ever-niki-demar-premieres-hyundai-promoted-track-on-soundcloud) . French Fries Magazine – FF . 26 July 2021 . Retrieved 14 August 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) Reid, Ali (11 August 2021). "WATCH: Interview with Gabi DeMartino ahead of her Musikfest performance" (https://www.wfmz.com/entertainment/festival/musikfest/watch-interview-with-gabi-demartino-ahead-of-her-musikfest-performance/article_0824be26-fabb-11eb-a6f5-371603b5efbb.html) . WFMZ.com . Retrieved 14 August 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "YouTube Star Gabi DeMartino Signs On to Open for Zedd at Musikfest" (https://theblast.com/83375/youtube-star-gabi-demartino-signs-on-to-open-for-zedd-at-musikfest/) . The Blast . 12 August 2021 . Retrieved 14 August 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) lehighvalleylive.com, Rudy Miller | For (14 August 2021). "Genre-bending Zedd brings his unique brand of pop to Musikfest (PHOTOS)" (https://www.lehighvalleylive.com/news/2021/08/genre-bending-zedd-brings-his-unique-brand-of-pop-to-musikfest-photos.html) . lehighvalleylive . 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Retrieved 4 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-43) LOVE & MISERY - Single by NIKI DEMAR on Apple Music , 3 March 2023 , retrieved 4 July 2024 ^ (#cite_ref-44) "Niki DeMar Releases New Single "AMNESIA" (https://www.nerdsandbeyond.com/2023/04/07/niki-demar-releases-new-single-amnesia/) " (https://www.nerdsandbeyond.com/2023/04/07/niki-demar-releases-new-single-amnesia/) . Nerds and Beyond . 7 April 2023 . Retrieved 4 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-45) "New Music Friday: Taylor Swift Releases "Midnights (The Til Dawn Edition)," Featuring an Unexpected Collaboration With Rapper Ice Spice" (https://celebsecrets.com/new-music-friday-taylor-swift-releases-midnights-the-til-dawn-edition-featuring-an-unexpected-collaboration-with-rapper-ice-spice/) . Celeb Secrets . 26 May 2023 . Retrieved 4 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-46) "Niki DeMar Celebrates Ruining Her Life" (https://hypebae.com/2023/8/niki-demar-ruined-my-life-interviews) . Hypebae . 21 August 2023 . Retrieved 4 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-47) "Gabi DeMartino Tells The Truth Through Music" (https://www.popdust.com/gabi-demartino-2662268826.html) . Popdustroar . Retrieved 4 July 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Influencer Sorry About That Racist Coronavirus TikTok" (https://www.vulture.com/2020/03/niki-demar-coronavirus-tiktok-apology-video-watch.html) . Vulture . 18 March 2020 . Retrieved 15 July 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d "The Latest OnlyFans Drama Involves a YouTuber Posting a Video of Herself As a Toddler" (https://www.vulture.com/2020/12/youtuber-gabi-demartino-onlyfans-child-pornography.html) . Vulture . 3 December 2020 . Retrieved 5 December 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "OnlyFans Suspended YouTuber Gabi DeMartino's Account After She Sold A Video Of Herself As A Toddler Flashing The Camera" (https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/tanyachen/onlyfans-suspended-youtuber-gabi-demartinos-account) . BuzzFeed News . 2 December 2020 . Retrieved 5 December 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b "YouTube star Gabi DeMartino apologizes for a second time over OnlyFans controversy: 'A huge wake-up call' (https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/youtube-gabi-demartino-apologizes-second-time-onlyfans) " (https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/youtube-gabi-demartino-apologizes-second-time-onlyfans) . Fox News . 3 December 2020 . Retrieved 5 December 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-OnlyFansDailyBeast_52-0) "YouTube Star Gabi DeMartino Accused of Selling 'Child Porn' Video of Herself on OnlyFans for $3" (https://www.thedailybeast.com/youtuber-gabi-demartino-accused-of-selling-child-porn-video-of-herself-on-onlyfans-for-dollar3?source=articles&via=rss) . The Daily Beast . 1 December 2020 . Retrieved 5 December 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b "YouTube star Gabi DeMartino apologises for selling nude childhood video to fans" (https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/news/gabi-demartino-youtube-onlyfans-b1766166.html) . The Independent . 4 December 2020. Archived (https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220621/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/news/gabi-demartino-youtube-onlyfans-b1766166.html) from the original on 21 June 2022 . Retrieved 5 December 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-OnlyFansInsider_54-0) "An influencer's OnlyFans account was deleted after she sold a naked childhood video of herself" (https://www.insider.com/gabi-demartino-onlyfans-taken-down-underage-video-child-porn-2020-12) . Insider . 3 December 2020 . Retrieved 5 December 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-55) Peaks on the US Heatseekers Albums Chart: "Individual": "Billboard Heatseekers Albums" (https://www.billboard.com/charts/heatseekers-albums/2018-08-11) . Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) . 11 August 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-56) Peaks on the US Independent Albums Chart: "Individual": "Billboard Independent Albums" (https://www.billboard.com/charts/independent-albums/2018-08-11) . Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) . 11 August 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-58) Rise and Shine by Niki and Gabi Channel on Apple Music , 30 October 2019 , retrieved 4 July 2024 ^ (#cite_ref-59) Anthem for the Judged - Single by NIKI DEMAR on Apple Music , 16 November 2018 , retrieved 4 July 2024 ^ (#cite_ref-60) 9 Lives - Single by NIKI DEMAR on Apple Music , 3 February 2022 , retrieved 4 July 2024 ^ (#cite_ref-61) When My High Wears Off - Single by NIKI DEMAR on Apple Music , 21 April 2022 , retrieved 4 July 2024 ^ (#cite_ref-62) Barbie and Ken (feat. Kenny Screven) by Gabi Demartino on Apple Music , 10 December 2021 , retrieved 4 July 2024 ^ (#cite_ref-63) "iHeartRadio Music Awards: Billie Eilish, Lizzo, Jonas Brothers Among Nominees" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/iheartradio-music-awards-2020-nominations-complete-list-1268046/item/favorite-tour-photographer-iheartradio-music-awards-nominations-2020-1267708) . Hollywood Reporter . 8 January 2020 . Retrieved 15 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-64) "2019 Premios Juventud: Complete List of Winners" (https://www.etonline.com/2019-premios-juventud-complete-list-of-winners-128899) . Entertainment Tonight . 18 July 2019 . Retrieved 15 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-65) "From the 10th Annual Shorty Awards Niki and Gabi Finalist in YouTube Ensemble" (https://shortyawards.com/10th/nikidemar) . Shorty Awards . Retrieved 15 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-66) "Streamy Winners 2016: Complete List" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/streamy-awards-full-winners-list-933778) . Hollywood Reporter . 1 October 2016 . Retrieved 15 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-67) "Streamy Awards 2017: Winners List" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/streamys-2017-full-list-winners-1035493) . Hollywood Reporter . 25 September 2017 . Retrieved 15 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-68) "Streamy Awards 2018: Winners List" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/streamy-awards-2018-winners-list-1146664) . Hollywood Reporter . 22 October 2018 . Retrieved 15 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-69) "Streamy Awards 2019: Full List of Winners" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/streamy-awards-2019-full-list-winners-1248273) . Hollywood Reporter . 13 December 2019 . Retrieved 15 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-70) "Teen Choice Awards: Winners List" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/teen-choice-awards-2016-winners-916007) . Hollywood Reporter . 31 July 2016 . Retrieved 15 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-71) "Teen Choice Awards: Complete Winners List" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/teen-choice-awards-winners-full-list-1029104) . Hollywood Reporter . 13 August 2017 . Retrieved 15 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-72) "Teen Choice Awards: Full List of Winners" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lists/teen-choice-awards-2019-winners-list-updating-live-1229486/item/choice-action-movie-1229382) . Hollywood Reporter . 11 August 2019 . 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Iconic dress by designer William "Billy" Travilla Pink dress of Marilyn Monroe Designer William Travilla (/wiki/William_Travilla) Year 1953 ( 1953 ) Type Pink dress Material Satin (/wiki/Satin) Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe) wore a shocking pink (/wiki/Shocking_pink) dress in the 1953 film Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (/wiki/Gentlemen_Prefer_Blondes_(1953_film)) , directed by Howard Hawks (/wiki/Howard_Hawks) . [1] (#cite_note-1) The dress was created by costume designer William "Billy" Travilla (/wiki/William_Travilla) and was used in one of the most famous scenes of the film, which subsequently became the subject of numerous imitations, significantly from Madonna (/wiki/Madonna) in the music video for her 1985 song " Material Girl (/wiki/Material_Girl) ". [2] (#cite_note-2) History [ edit ] Original sketch When the costume designer William Travilla, known simply as Travilla, began working with Marilyn Monroe, he had already won an Oscar for his work in Adventures of Don Juan (/wiki/Adventures_of_Don_Juan) in 1948. Travilla designed the clothes of the actress in eight films, and later claimed to have had a brief affair with Monroe. [3] (#cite_note-LM-3) In 1953 Travilla designed the costumes for Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. Original version of the dress. Originally, Monroe was to wear a breathtaking show girl costume, costing close to $4,000 (1953 dollars). [4] (#cite_note-4) It had jewels sewn onto a black fish-net bodystocking up to the breasts, then covered in nude fabric, embellished with a mass of diamonds. During production, it became public knowledge that Monroe had posed nude for a calendar in 1949, before she became well known. Travilla was given strict instructions to design a new, less-revealing costume in order to distance Monroe from the scandal. He designed the pink dress as a last-minute replacement. [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-StClair-6) The pink dress was worn by Monroe in the role of Lorelei Lee in the famous sequence in which the actress sings the song " Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend (/wiki/Diamonds_Are_a_Girl%27s_Best_Friend) ", the choreography accompanied by several suitors in dinner clothes. Travilla's notes reveal that Monroe wore two identical copies in the scene as it took a long time to shoot and the dress, being floor length, was very prone to getting dirt on it. The only pink dress known to survive was auctioned at Profiles in History (/wiki/Profiles_in_History) on 11 June 2010, with an estimated price of between $150,000 and $250,000 and described as "the most important film costume to ever come to auction". [7] (#cite_note-Stylist-7) The dress ultimately sold for $370,000. It was described in the auction catalog as follows: This Travilla-designed pink silk satin strapless gown features black satin lining on the oversized bow attached at back. Features integral brassier [ sic (/wiki/Sic) ] with rear zipper closure (concealed with bow overlay) and interior Fox cleaning tag. Also comes with the original pair of screen-worn opera-length (/w/index.php?title=Opera-length&action=edit&redlink=1) tubes worn over Marilyn’s arms (gloves are shown for display only) and pink satin belt with "M. Monroe A-698 1-27-3-7953" written on the inner leather lining. Originally designed to be a two-piece garment, this lot features an additional bonus having the original top made for this dress (featuring interior bias label handwritten "1-27-3-7971 M. Monroe A 698-74") that was not used in the production. This design was discarded due to the top and skirt separating when Marilyn raised her arms during the number. The gown exhibits slight toning in areas, common in silk garments from this era; otherwise in fine condition. The leather backing on the belt is cracked and missing in areas and silk exhibits fraying on edges. [8] (#cite_note-8) Marilyn Monroe wore a white version of this dress (without the bow) to the premiere of her film There's No Business Like Show Business (/wiki/There%27s_No_Business_Like_Show_Business_(film)) (1954). She was photographed extensively wearing this dress with a white fur stole and with a pair of matching opera gloves (/wiki/Opera_gloves) . Design [ edit ] Monroe was originally going to wear a pair of black opera gloves with black Salvatore Ferragamo pumps but Travilla decided to change the colour of the gloves and shoes to match the gown. The dress is constructed of shocking pink (/wiki/Shocking_pink) peau d'ange silk (/wiki/Silk) fabric, lined with black silk/satin, and was designed by William Travilla (/wiki/William_Travilla) . The floor-length gown is strapless and features a straight neckline. The scene that features the dress is heavily choreographed, so a slit in the back of the dress was added to allow for movement. The dress also has a large "bow" on the back, which is part of the dress construction, not added on as a separate piece. The bow is lined with black satin and is pleated in back on one side of the gown and folded over and attached to the other section. The outfit also features two-tone opera gloves. The gloves were mostly made of the same shocking pink peau d'ange fabric, whereas the palm section of was made of a lighter shade of pink suede. The jewels Monroe wore were costume and not authentic diamonds. Impact on popular culture [ edit ] Madonna (/wiki/Madonna) on the cover of the magazine Music Connection (/wiki/Music_Connection) showing her own version of the dress. Over the years the pink dress has become an icon of fashion and film, and like her white dress (/wiki/White_dress_of_Marilyn_Monroe) is often imitated and parodied. One of the most famous of all is the one represented by the singer Madonna (/wiki/Madonna) in the music video for her 1985 hit " Material Girl (/wiki/Material_Girl) ". [9] (#cite_note-Mansour2005-9) In a segment entitled "Material Girl" in the 1997 Playboy Video (/wiki/Playboy_Video) , Playboy's Voluptuous Vixens , SaRenna Lee capitalized on her resemblance to Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe) by appearing in a pink dress designed for her zaftig shape. Mexican entertainers Thalía (/wiki/Thal%C3%ADa) and Aida Pierce (/wiki/Aida_Pierce) each wore similar shocking pink dresses. Thalia wore a replica of this dress while performing "Diamonds are a Girl's Best Friend" in Spain in 1991, and Pierce wore a similar pink dress in a 2001 episode of Humor es...los comediantes as a tribute to Monroe (2001 would have been Monroe's 75th birthday). American singer Normani (/wiki/Normani) wore a leotard with a skirt inspired by this dress in her music video for "Diamonds" (The song itself sampling "Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend" by Monroe). In the computer game The Sims: Superstar (/wiki/The_Sims:_Superstar) expansion pack published in 2003, the player can see the character of Marilyn Monroe, dressed in the same famous shocking pink dress. It was also produced as a Mattel (/wiki/Mattel) Barbie doll (/wiki/Barbie_doll) with Barbie wearing Monroe's pink dress. [10] (#cite_note-O'Brien2006-10) In the third episode of the second season of the American television series Crazy Ex-Girlfriend (/wiki/Crazy_Ex-Girlfriend_(TV_series)) , Rachel Bloom (/wiki/Rachel_Bloom) as Rebecca Bunch wears a blue version of the dress while singing "The Math of Love Triangles", parodying Monroe's performance of "Diamonds Are A Girl's Best Friend". [11] (#cite_note-11) In the thirteenth episode of the fifth season of the popular teen drama Gossip Girl (/wiki/Gossip_Girl) , main character Serena Van Der Woodsen (portrayed by Blake Lively) is seen dreaming she is in Monroe's pink dress, replicating the dance and song with her male suitors on the show. The 2020 film Birds of Prey (/wiki/Birds_of_Prey_(2020_film)) contains a scene referencing "Diamonds Are A Girl's Best Friend." Lead character Harley Quinn (/wiki/Harley_Quinn_(DC_Extended_Universe)) goes into a dream/dissociation sequence wearing an outfit of the same pink style and jewels just like Monroe's character in the film as the song plays in the background. This may also be in reference to the use of the Diamonds song in Moulin Rouge! (/wiki/Moulin_Rouge!) since actor Ewan McGregor (/wiki/Ewan_McGregor) appears in both scenes. On the performance of I'm Just Ken (/wiki/I%27m_Just_Ken) song during the 96th Academy Awards (/wiki/96th_Academy_Awards) by Ryan Gosling (/wiki/Ryan_Gosling) , he wore a pink suit to honour Marilyn's iconic pink dress. The whole performance of the song paid homage to the " Diamonds are a Girl's Best Friend (/wiki/Diamonds_are_a_Girl%27s_Best_Friend) " sequence from the 1953 film adaptation (/wiki/Gentlemen_Prefer_Blondes_(1953_film)) of the stage musical Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (/wiki/Gentlemen_Prefer_Blondes_(musical)) by Marilyn Monroe. [12] (#cite_note-12) See also [ edit ] 1950s portal (/wiki/Portal:1950s) White dress of Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/White_dress_of_Marilyn_Monroe) Black dress of Rita Hayworth (/wiki/Black_dress_of_Rita_Hayworth) Black Givenchy dress of Audrey Hepburn (/wiki/Black_Givenchy_dress_of_Audrey_Hepburn) List of film memorabilia (/wiki/List_of_film_memorabilia) List of individual dresses (/wiki/List_of_individual_dresses) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Willam Travilla biography" (http://www.filmreference.com/film/32/William-Travilla.html) . Film Reference . Retrieved 3 June 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Marilyn Monroe's 'Gentlemen Prefer Blondes' dress up for auction" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/7731511/Marilyn-Monroes-Gentlemen-Prefer-Blondes-dress-up-for-auction.html) . The Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) . 17 May 2010 . Retrieved 3 June 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-LM_3-0) "She was the easiest person I ever worked with" (https://web.archive.org/web/20101220151531/http://lovingmarilyn.com/travilla.html) . Loving Marilyn. Archived from the original (http://www.lovingmarilyn.com/travilla.html) on 20 December 2010 . Retrieved 3 June 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Vogel, Michelle (2014). Marilyn Monroe: Her Films, Her Life . McFarland. p. 24. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7864-7086-0 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Kobal, John (1974). Marilyn Monroe: A Life on Film . Hamlyn. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-600-36172-5 . ^ (#cite_ref-StClair_6-0) St. Clair, Kassia (2016). The Secret Lives of Colour . London: John Murray. p. 127. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781473630819 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 936144129 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/936144129) . ^ (#cite_ref-Stylist_7-0) "Marilyn Monroe's Pink Satin 'Gentlemen Prefer Blondes' Dress to Be Auctioned" (http://www.stylelist.com/2010/05/04/marilyn-monroe-gentlemen-prefer-blondes-dress-auction) . Stylist.com. 4 May 2010 . Retrieved 3 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Profiles in History Auction Catalogue ^ (#cite_ref-Mansour2005_9-0) Mansour, David (1 June 2005). From Abba to Zoom: a pop culture encyclopedia of the late 20th century . Andrews McMeel Publishing. p. 305. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7407-5118-9 . Retrieved 3 June 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-O'Brien2006_10-0) O'Brien, Karen (6 November 2006). Toys & Prices 2007 . Krause Publications. p. 181. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-89689-333-7 . Retrieved 3 June 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Villarreal, Yvonne (November 2016). "The midnight bath behind the making of 'Crazy Ex-Girlfriend's' big Marilyn Monroe parody" (http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/la-et-st-crazy-ex-girlfriend-songs-20161101-snap-story.html) . Los Angeles Times (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times) . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Huston, Caitlin (March 11, 2024). "How Choreographer Mandy Moore Harnessed the Kenergy of Ryan Gosling and 62 Kens for "I'm Just Ken" Oscars Performance" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/ryan-gosling-62-kens-im-just-ken-oscar-performance-1235849758/) . The Hollywood Reporter . Retrieved March 11, 2024 . v t e Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe) Performances and accolades (/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe_performances_and_awards) Death (/wiki/Death_of_Marilyn_Monroe) Songs " Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend (/wiki/Diamonds_Are_a_Girl%27s_Best_Friend) " " Happy Birthday, Mr. President (/wiki/Happy_Birthday,_Mr._President) " " Heat Wave (/wiki/Heat_Wave_(Irving_Berlin_song)) " " My Heart Belongs to Daddy (/wiki/My_Heart_Belongs_to_Daddy) " " That Old Black Magic (/wiki/That_Old_Black_Magic) " " You'd Be Surprised (/wiki/You%27d_Be_Surprised) " Clothes Pink dress White dress (/wiki/White_dress_of_Marilyn_Monroe) John F. Kennedy birthday dress (/wiki/Happy_Birthday,_Mr._President#Dress) Popular (/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe_in_popular_culture) culture (/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe_in_popular_culture) Marilyn Diptych (/wiki/Marilyn_Diptych) (1962 painting) Gold Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/Gold_Marilyn_Monroe) (1962 painting) Marilyn (/wiki/Marilyn_(1963_film)) (1963 documentary) Shot Marilyns (/wiki/Shot_Marilyns) (1964 paintings) The Legend of Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/The_Legend_of_Marilyn_Monroe) (1966 documentary) Marilyn Monroe portfolio (/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe_portfolio) (1967 prints) " Candle in the Wind (/wiki/Candle_in_the_Wind) " (1973 song) Goodbye, Norma Jean (/wiki/Goodbye,_Norma_Jean) (1976 film) Marilyn (/wiki/Marilyn_(opera)) (1980 opera) This Year's Blonde (/wiki/This_Year%27s_Blonde) (1980 film) Marilyn: The Untold Story (/wiki/Marilyn:_The_Untold_Story) (1980 film) Insignificance (/wiki/Insignificance_(film)) (1985 film) Taxi (/wiki/Taxi_(pinball)) (1988 pinball machine) Goodnight, Sweet Marilyn (/wiki/Goodnight,_Sweet_Marilyn) (1989 film) Marilyn and Me (/wiki/Marilyn_and_Me) (1991 film) Calendar Girl (/wiki/Calendar_Girl_(1993_film)) (1993 film) Norma Jean & Marilyn (/wiki/Norma_Jean_%26_Marilyn) (1996 film) Blonde (/wiki/Blonde_(2001_film)) (2001 film) Marilyn Forever Blonde (/wiki/Marilyn_Forever_Blonde) (2007 play) Marilyn and Ella (/wiki/Marilyn_and_Ella) (2008 play) Forever Marilyn (/wiki/Forever_Marilyn) (2011 statue) My Week with Marilyn (/wiki/My_Week_with_Marilyn) (2011 film) Love, Marilyn (/wiki/Love,_Marilyn) (2012 documentary) " Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) " (2012 song) The Secret Life of Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/The_Secret_Life_of_Marilyn_Monroe) (2015 film) Norma Jeane Baker of Troy (/wiki/Norma_Jeane_Baker_of_Troy) (2019 play) Blonde (/wiki/Blonde_(2022_film)) (2022 film) " Nxde (/wiki/Nxde) " (2022 song) Related James Dougherty (/wiki/James_Dougherty_(police_officer)) (first husband) Joe DiMaggio (/wiki/Joe_DiMaggio) (second husband) Arthur Miller (/wiki/Arthur_Miller) (third husband) Gladys Pearl Baker (/wiki/Gladys_Pearl_Baker) (mother) Berniece Baker Miracle (/wiki/Berniece_Baker_Miracle) (sister) John F. Kennedy document hoax (/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_document_hoax) The Last Sitting (/wiki/The_Last_Sitting) 12305 Fifth Helena Drive (/wiki/12305_Fifth_Helena_Drive) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5fd5d84b48‐nq72m Cached time: 20240717090419 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.342 seconds Real time usage: 0.433 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 954/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 35247/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1018/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 52526/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.226/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5327635/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 370.432 1 -total 40.21% 148.959 1 Template:Reflist 26.75% 99.088 5 Template:Cite_web 22.20% 82.250 1 Template:Marilyn_Monroe 21.47% 79.545 1 Template:Navbox 19.04% 70.531 1 Template:Short_description 11.09% 41.067 1 Template:Infobox_clothing_item 10.69% 39.590 2 Template:Pagetype 10.56% 39.105 1 Template:Infobox 6.62% 24.524 5 Template:Cite_book Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:31974163-0!canonical and timestamp 20240717090419 and revision id 1231820985. 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This is the talk page (/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_page_guidelines) for discussing improvements to the Clothing (/wiki/Template:Clothing) template. Put new text under old text. Click here to start a new topic. (/wiki/Special:NewSection/Template_talk:Clothing) New to Wikipedia? Welcome! Learn to edit (/wiki/Help:Introduction) ; get help (/wiki/Wikipedia:Questions) . Assume good faith (/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_good_faith) Be polite (/wiki/Wikipedia:Civility) and avoid personal attacks (/wiki/Wikipedia:No_personal_attacks) Be welcoming to newcomers (/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_do_not_bite_the_newcomers) Seek dispute resolution (/wiki/Wikipedia:Dispute_resolution_requests) if needed This template does not require a rating on Wikipedia's content assessment (/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_assessment) scale. It is of interest to the following WikiProjects (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject) : Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) This template is within the scope of WikiProject Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Fashion) and see a list of open tasks. Fashion Wikipedia:WikiProject Fashion Template:WikiProject Fashion fashion articles __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Poi45iop-2011-07-19T13:17:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Simplification_&_Expansion-2011-07-19T13:17:00.000Z","replies":["c-Poi45iop-2011-07-19T13:17:00.000Z-Simplification_&_Expansion"],"text":"Simplification & Expansion","linkableTitle":"Simplification & Expansion"} Simplification & Expansion [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Poi45iop-2011-07-19T13:17:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Simplification_&_Expansion-2011-07-19T13:17:00.000Z","replies":["c-Poi45iop-2011-07-19T13:17:00.000Z-Simplification_&_Expansion"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Poi45iop-2011-07-19T13:17:00.000Z-Simplification_&_Expansion","timestamp":"2011-07-19T13:17:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__1__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__1__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Poi45iop-2011-07-19T13:17:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Simplification_&_Expansion-2011-07-19T13:17:00.000Z","replies":["c-Poi45iop-2011-07-19T13:17:00.000Z-Simplification_&_Expansion"],"text":"Simplification & Expansion","linkableTitle":"Simplification & Expansion"} The template is in need of improvement. A nice pre-existing list it could be based on is at http://danbooru.donmai.us/wiki/show?title=tag_group%3Aattire (http://danbooru.donmai.us/wiki/show?title=tag_group%3Aattire) . I would suggest putting all of the historical and cultural garments into one category, then maybe subcategories of the type of garment they are. - Poi45iop (/w/index.php?title=User:Poi45iop&action=edit&redlink=1) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Poi45iop) ) 13:17, 19 July 2011 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Poi45iop-2011-07-19T13:17:00.000Z-Simplification_&_Expansion) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2011-07-19T13:17:00.000Z","author":"Poi45iop","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Poi45iop-2011-07-19T13:17:00.000Z-Simplification_&_Expansion","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-R._fiend-2008-03-31T04:48:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Additional_Categories-2008-03-31T04:48:00.000Z","replies":["c-R._fiend-2008-03-31T04:48:00.000Z-Additional_Categories","c-Loggie-2008-05-06T13:37:00.000Z-Additional_Categories","c-TheListUpdater-2008-06-13T00:31:00.000Z-Additional_Categories"],"text":"Additional Categories","linkableTitle":"Additional Categories"} Additional Categories [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-R._fiend-2008-03-31T04:48:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Additional_Categories-2008-03-31T04:48:00.000Z","replies":["c-R._fiend-2008-03-31T04:48:00.000Z-Additional_Categories","c-Loggie-2008-05-06T13:37:00.000Z-Additional_Categories","c-TheListUpdater-2008-06-13T00:31:00.000Z-Additional_Categories"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-TheListUpdater-2008-06-13T00:31:00.000Z-Additional_Categories","timestamp":"2008-06-13T00:31:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__4__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__4__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-R._fiend-2008-03-31T04:48:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Additional_Categories-2008-03-31T04:48:00.000Z","replies":["c-R._fiend-2008-03-31T04:48:00.000Z-Additional_Categories","c-Loggie-2008-05-06T13:37:00.000Z-Additional_Categories","c-TheListUpdater-2008-06-13T00:31:00.000Z-Additional_Categories"],"text":"Additional Categories","linkableTitle":"Additional Categories"} No hats in this template? Seems like an oversight. Should they be put in somewhere? - R. fiend (/wiki/User:R._fiend) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:R._fiend) ) 04:48, 31 March 2008 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-R._fiend-2008-03-31T04:48:00.000Z-Additional_Categories) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2008-03-31T04:48:00.000Z","author":"R. fiend","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-R._fiend-2008-03-31T04:48:00.000Z-Additional_Categories","replies":["c-Tatterfly-2008-03-31T14:23:00.000Z-R._fiend-2008-03-31T04:48:00.000Z"]}} You can feel free to add it if you'd like. Tatterfly (/wiki/User:Tatterfly) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Tatterfly) ) 14:23, 31 March 2008 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Tatterfly-2008-03-31T14:23:00.000Z-R._fiend-2008-03-31T04:48:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2008-03-31T14:23:00.000Z","author":"Tatterfly","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Tatterfly-2008-03-31T14:23:00.000Z-R._fiend-2008-03-31T04:48:00.000Z","replies":[]}} Undergarments? They are clothing- should I add a new section? Or are the current Lingerie and Men's undergarments enough? Loggie (/wiki/User:Loggie) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Loggie) ) 13:37, 6 May 2008 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Loggie-2008-05-06T13:37:00.000Z-Additional_Categories) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2008-05-06T13:37:00.000Z","author":"Loggie","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Loggie-2008-05-06T13:37:00.000Z-Additional_Categories","replies":[]}} What about swimwear? I know there's not much articles about it (e.g. tankini (/wiki/Tankini) and bikini (/wiki/Bikini) link the same), but should it be added? TheListUpdater (/wiki/User:TheListUpdater) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:TheListUpdater) ) 00:31, 13 June 2008 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-TheListUpdater-2008-06-13T00:31:00.000Z-Additional_Categories) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2008-06-13T00:31:00.000Z","author":"TheListUpdater","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-TheListUpdater-2008-06-13T00:31:00.000Z-Additional_Categories","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-PKM-2008-05-08T03:10:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Historical-2008-05-08T03:10:00.000Z","replies":["c-PKM-2008-05-08T03:10:00.000Z-Historical"],"text":"Historical","linkableTitle":"Historical"} Historical [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-PKM-2008-05-08T03:10:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Historical-2008-05-08T03:10:00.000Z","replies":["c-PKM-2008-05-08T03:10:00.000Z-Historical"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-PKM-2008-05-18T17:32:00.000Z-PKM-2008-05-08T03:10:00.000Z","timestamp":"2008-05-18T17:32:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__2__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__1__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-PKM-2008-05-08T03:10:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Historical-2008-05-08T03:10:00.000Z","replies":["c-PKM-2008-05-08T03:10:00.000Z-Historical"],"text":"Historical","linkableTitle":"Historical"} Should we have a separate section "Historical" for farthingale (/wiki/Farthingale) , Brunswick (clothing) (/wiki/Brunswick_(clothing)) , Banyan (clothing) (/wiki/Banyan_(clothing)) , Justacorps (/wiki/Justacorps) , etc., or put them under skirt, dress, coat...? - PKM (/wiki/User:PKM) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:PKM) ) 03:10, 8 May 2008 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-PKM-2008-05-08T03:10:00.000Z-Historical) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2008-05-08T03:10:00.000Z","author":"PKM","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-PKM-2008-05-08T03:10:00.000Z-Historical","replies":["c-PKM-2008-05-18T17:32:00.000Z-PKM-2008-05-08T03:10:00.000Z"]}} I am going to add Historical and National dress. - PKM (/wiki/User:PKM) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:PKM) ) 17:32, 18 May 2008 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-PKM-2008-05-18T17:32:00.000Z-PKM-2008-05-08T03:10:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2008-05-18T17:32:00.000Z","author":"PKM","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-PKM-2008-05-18T17:32:00.000Z-PKM-2008-05-08T03:10:00.000Z","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Lennlin-2008-12-19T05:28:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Vietnamese_Y\u1ebfm-2008-12-19T05:28:00.000Z","replies":["c-Lennlin-2008-12-19T05:28:00.000Z-Vietnamese_Y\u1ebfm"],"text":"Vietnamese Y\u1ebfm","linkableTitle":"Vietnamese Y\u1ebfm"} Vietnamese Yếm [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Lennlin-2008-12-19T05:28:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Vietnamese_Y\u1ebfm-2008-12-19T05:28:00.000Z","replies":["c-Lennlin-2008-12-19T05:28:00.000Z-Vietnamese_Y\u1ebfm"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Lennlin-2008-12-19T05:28:00.000Z-Vietnamese_Y\u1ebfm","timestamp":"2008-12-19T05:28:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__1__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__1__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Lennlin-2008-12-19T05:28:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Vietnamese_Y\u1ebfm-2008-12-19T05:28:00.000Z","replies":["c-Lennlin-2008-12-19T05:28:00.000Z-Vietnamese_Y\u1ebfm"],"text":"Vietnamese Y\u1ebfm","linkableTitle":"Vietnamese Y\u1ebfm"} Due to it's origin in China and it's all exact same style clothing and it's worn by Chinese as well as other countries too. So this is not consider a national customs nor does Vietnamese Government consider it. Although it's name between Chinese and Vietnamese are different i failed to see how this is particular a national custom when it's origin is from other places. —Preceding unsigned (/wiki/Wikipedia:Signatures) comment added by Lennlin (/w/index.php?title=User:Lennlin&action=edit&redlink=1) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Lennlin) • contribs (/wiki/Special:Contributions/Lennlin) ) 05:28, 19 December 2008 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Lennlin-2008-12-19T05:28:00.000Z-Vietnamese_Yếm) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2008-12-19T05:28:00.000Z","author":"Lennlin","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Lennlin-2008-12-19T05:28:00.000Z-Vietnamese_Y\u1ebfm","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Loggie-2009-07-07T22:48:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Clothing_materials-2009-07-07T22:48:00.000Z","replies":["c-Loggie-2009-07-07T22:48:00.000Z-Clothing_materials"],"text":"Clothing materials","linkableTitle":"Clothing materials"} Clothing materials [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Loggie-2009-07-07T22:48:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Clothing_materials-2009-07-07T22:48:00.000Z","replies":["c-Loggie-2009-07-07T22:48:00.000Z-Clothing_materials"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Loggie-2009-07-07T22:48:00.000Z-Clothing_materials","timestamp":"2009-07-07T22:48:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__1__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__1__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Loggie-2009-07-07T22:48:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Clothing_materials-2009-07-07T22:48:00.000Z","replies":["c-Loggie-2009-07-07T22:48:00.000Z-Clothing_materials"],"text":"Clothing materials","linkableTitle":"Clothing materials"} So, is this section supposed to be a list of what clothing is made out of? Because we have the whole fiber template (/wiki/Template:Fibers) devoted to different types of fiber. Is it supposed to have things like fabric, leather, and furs? Things that aren't a fiber but that one could cut into pieces that then are assembled into clothing? What is this section (and the clothing materials article) attempting to do? Loggie (/wiki/User:Loggie) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Loggie) ) 22:48, 7 July 2009 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Loggie-2009-07-07T22:48:00.000Z-Clothing_materials) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2009-07-07T22:48:00.000Z","author":"Loggie","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Loggie-2009-07-07T22:48:00.000Z-Clothing_materials","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Mrand-2011-04-27T13:48:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Unsustainable_template-2011-04-27T13:48:00.000Z","replies":["c-Mrand-2011-04-27T13:48:00.000Z-Unsustainable_template","c-ZarlanTheGreen-2012-01-23T14:51:00.000Z-Unsustainable_template"],"text":"Unsustainable template","linkableTitle":"Unsustainable template"} Unsustainable template [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Mrand-2011-04-27T13:48:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Unsustainable_template-2011-04-27T13:48:00.000Z","replies":["c-Mrand-2011-04-27T13:48:00.000Z-Unsustainable_template","c-ZarlanTheGreen-2012-01-23T14:51:00.000Z-Unsustainable_template"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-ZarlanTheGreen-2012-01-23T14:51:00.000Z-Unsustainable_template","timestamp":"2012-01-23T14:51:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__6__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__3__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Mrand-2011-04-27T13:48:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Unsustainable_template-2011-04-27T13:48:00.000Z","replies":["c-Mrand-2011-04-27T13:48:00.000Z-Unsustainable_template","c-ZarlanTheGreen-2012-01-23T14:51:00.000Z-Unsustainable_template"],"text":"Unsustainable template","linkableTitle":"Unsustainable template"} This template is already an unwieldy laundry list (literally and figuratively), and is only going to get bigger. I don't see it providing a benefit large enough to justify it being downloaded to every user that pulls up any clothing page, and so I would support its deletion. — Mrand Talk (/wiki/User_talk:Mrand) • C (/wiki/Special:Contributions/Mrand) 13:48, 27 April 2011 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Mrand-2011-04-27T13:48:00.000Z-Unsustainable_template) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2011-04-27T13:48:00.000Z","author":"Mrand","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Mrand-2011-04-27T13:48:00.000Z-Unsustainable_template","replies":["c-Rangoon11-2011-04-27T14:08:00.000Z-Mrand-2011-04-27T13:48:00.000Z","c-Rangoon11-2011-04-27T14:10:00.000Z-Mrand-2011-04-27T13:48:00.000Z"]}} I strongly disagree, I think that this is a very useful template on a highly notable and well-defined topic. I also feel that the current size is acceptable - there are many far larger WP templates - but do feel that care should now be exercised with any further additions. I would have thought that the template now contains essentially everything that it should. I am certainly not in favour of the addition of any obscure regional/local/tribal items of clothing. Rangoon11 (/wiki/User:Rangoon11) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Rangoon11) ) 14:08, 27 April 2011 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Rangoon11-2011-04-27T14:08:00.000Z-Mrand-2011-04-27T13:48:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2011-04-27T14:08:00.000Z","author":"Rangoon11","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Rangoon11-2011-04-27T14:08:00.000Z-Mrand-2011-04-27T13:48:00.000Z","replies":[]}} Moving to collapsible groups is also a possible option for reducing bulk. Rangoon11 (/wiki/User:Rangoon11) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Rangoon11) ) 14:10, 27 April 2011 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Rangoon11-2011-04-27T14:10:00.000Z-Mrand-2011-04-27T13:48:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2011-04-27T14:10:00.000Z","author":"Rangoon11","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Rangoon11-2011-04-27T14:10:00.000Z-Mrand-2011-04-27T13:48:00.000Z","replies":["c-Mrand-2011-04-29T23:42:00.000Z-Rangoon11-2011-04-27T14:10:00.000Z"]}} Ignoring that almost no-one is going to even going to click to un-collapse the template, I don't know how you avoid the "obscure regional/local/tribal items of clothing"... if there is no written guidelines, where do you draw the arbitrary line? Why would someone agree with your line and not their line? There are hundreds of tribal/folk costumes that could be legitimately listed. — Mrand Talk (/wiki/User_talk:Mrand) • C (/wiki/Special:Contributions/Mrand) 23:42, 29 April 2011 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Mrand-2011-04-29T23:42:00.000Z-Rangoon11-2011-04-27T14:10:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2011-04-29T23:42:00.000Z","author":"Mrand","type":"comment","level":3,"id":"c-Mrand-2011-04-29T23:42:00.000Z-Rangoon11-2011-04-27T14:10:00.000Z","replies":["c-Rangoon11-2011-04-30T11:19:00.000Z-Mrand-2011-04-29T23:42:00.000Z"]}} We have templates for topics as vast as World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) . As with all these things editors can discuss and reach consensus about what should and should not be included. Re collapsible groups it is possible to set these up so that the relevant part of the template opens up when the template is viewed. Rangoon11 (/wiki/User:Rangoon11) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Rangoon11) ) 11:19, 30 April 2011 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Rangoon11-2011-04-30T11:19:00.000Z-Mrand-2011-04-29T23:42:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2011-04-30T11:19:00.000Z","author":"Rangoon11","type":"comment","level":4,"id":"c-Rangoon11-2011-04-30T11:19:00.000Z-Mrand-2011-04-29T23:42:00.000Z","replies":[]}} This is utterly ridiculous! No one, after seeing how massive and unwieldy this template is, would bother to actually try to find things on it! You just hide it, and never look at it, ever again.-- ZarlanTheGreen (/wiki/User:ZarlanTheGreen) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:ZarlanTheGreen) ) 14:51, 23 January 2012 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-ZarlanTheGreen-2012-01-23T14:51:00.000Z-Unsustainable_template) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2012-01-23T14:51:00.000Z","author":"ZarlanTheGreen","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-ZarlanTheGreen-2012-01-23T14:51:00.000Z-Unsustainable_template","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-95.133.3.251-2012-08-09T23:21:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Telnyashka-2012-08-09T23:21:00.000Z","replies":["c-95.133.3.251-2012-08-09T23:21:00.000Z-Telnyashka"],"text":"Telnyashka","linkableTitle":"Telnyashka"} Telnyashka [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-95.133.3.251-2012-08-09T23:21:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Telnyashka-2012-08-09T23:21:00.000Z","replies":["c-95.133.3.251-2012-08-09T23:21:00.000Z-Telnyashka"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-95.133.3.251-2012-08-09T23:21:00.000Z-Telnyashka","timestamp":"2012-08-09T23:21:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__1__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__1__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-95.133.3.251-2012-08-09T23:21:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Telnyashka-2012-08-09T23:21:00.000Z","replies":["c-95.133.3.251-2012-08-09T23:21:00.000Z-Telnyashka"],"text":"Telnyashka","linkableTitle":"Telnyashka"} Telnyashka (/wiki/Telnyashka) is a clothing of great international cultural significance that clearly belongs to this template. — Preceding unsigned (/wiki/Wikipedia:Signatures) comment added by 95.133.3.251 (/wiki/Special:Contributions/95.133.3.251) ( talk (/w/index.php?title=User_talk:95.133.3.251&action=edit&redlink=1) ) 23:21, 9 August 2012 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-95.133.3.251-2012-08-09T23:21:00.000Z-Telnyashka) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2012-08-09T23:21:00.000Z","author":"95.133.3.251","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-95.133.3.251-2012-08-09T23:21:00.000Z-Telnyashka","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Mabalu-2012-10-16T04:05:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-New_but_unfinished_version_of_template-2012-10-16T04:05:00.000Z","replies":["c-Mabalu-2012-10-16T04:05:00.000Z-New_but_unfinished_version_of_template"],"text":"New but unfinished version of template","linkableTitle":"New but unfinished version of template"} New but unfinished version of template [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Mabalu-2012-10-16T04:05:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-New_but_unfinished_version_of_template-2012-10-16T04:05:00.000Z","replies":["c-Mabalu-2012-10-16T04:05:00.000Z-New_but_unfinished_version_of_template"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Mabalu-2012-10-16T04:05:00.000Z-New_but_unfinished_version_of_template","timestamp":"2012-10-16T04:05:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__1__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__1__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Mabalu-2012-10-16T04:05:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-New_but_unfinished_version_of_template-2012-10-16T04:05:00.000Z","replies":["c-Mabalu-2012-10-16T04:05:00.000Z-New_but_unfinished_version_of_template"],"text":"New but unfinished version of template","linkableTitle":"New but unfinished version of template"} v t e Clothing (/wiki/Clothing) Materials (/wiki/Clothing_material) Cotton (/wiki/Cotton) Fur (/wiki/Fur_clothing) Leather (/wiki/Leather) Linen (/wiki/Linen) Nylon (/wiki/Nylon) Polyester (/wiki/Polyester) Rayon (/wiki/Rayon) Silk (/wiki/Silk) Spandex (/wiki/Spandex) Wool (/wiki/Wool) Tops (/wiki/Top_(clothing)) Male (/wiki/Male) Dress shirt (/wiki/Dress_shirt) Henley shirt (/wiki/Henley_shirt) Guernsey (/wiki/Guernsey_(clothing)) Sweater vest (/wiki/Sweater_vest) Female (/wiki/Female) Blouse (/wiki/Blouse) Crop top (/wiki/Crop_top) Halterneck (/wiki/Halterneck) Tube top (/wiki/Tube_top) Twinset (/wiki/Twinset) Unisex (/wiki/Unisex) Hoodie (/wiki/Hoodie) Jersey (/wiki/Jersey_(clothing)) Poet shirt (/wiki/Poet_shirt) Polo shirt (/wiki/Polo_shirt) Shirt (/wiki/Shirt) Sleeveless shirt (/wiki/Sleeveless_shirt) Sweater (/wiki/Sweater) T-shirt (/wiki/T-shirt) Turtleneck (/wiki/Polo_neck) Trousers or pants (/wiki/Trousers) Male Bondage pants (/wiki/Bondage_pants) Parachute pants (/wiki/Parachute_pants) Phat pants (/wiki/Phat_pants) Wide leg jeans (/wiki/Wide_leg_jeans) Female Yoga pants (/wiki/Yoga_pants) Unisex Bell-bottoms (/wiki/Bell-bottoms) Bermuda shorts (/wiki/Bermuda_shorts) Capri pants (/wiki/Capri_pants) Cargo pants (/wiki/Cargo_pants) Culottes (/wiki/Culottes) Cycling shorts (/wiki/Cycling_shorts) Dress pants (/wiki/Dress_pants) Jeans (/wiki/Jeans) Jodhpurs (/wiki/Jodhpurs) Overall (/wiki/Overall) Shorts (/wiki/Shorts) Slim-fit pants (/wiki/Slim-fit_pants) Sweatpants (/wiki/Sweatpants) Skirts (/wiki/Skirt) Male Fustanella (/wiki/Fustanella) Kilt (/wiki/Kilt) Men's skirts (/wiki/Men%27s_skirts) Female A-line skirt (/wiki/A-line) Ballerina skirt (/wiki/Ballerina_skirt) Denim skirt (/wiki/Denim_skirt) Hobble skirt (/wiki/Hobble_skirt) Job skirt (/w/index.php?title=Job_skirt&action=edit&redlink=1) Leather skirt (/wiki/Leather_skirt) Microskirt (/wiki/Microskirt) Miniskirt (/wiki/Miniskirt) Pencil skirt (/wiki/Pencil_skirt) Poodle skirt (/wiki/Poodle_skirt) Prairie skirt (/wiki/Prairie_skirt) Rah-rah skirt (/wiki/Rah-rah_skirt) Skort (/wiki/Skort) Slip (/wiki/Slip_(clothing)) Train (/wiki/Train_(clothing)) Wrap (/wiki/Wrap_(clothing)) Unisex Sarong (/wiki/Sarong) Dresses (/wiki/Dress) Female Ball gown (/wiki/Ball_gown) Cocktail dress (/wiki/Cocktail_dress) Débutante dress (/wiki/D%C3%A9butante_dress) Evening gown (/wiki/Evening_gown) Jumper dress (/wiki/Jumper_(dress)) Little black dress (/wiki/Little_black_dress) Petticoat (/wiki/Petticoat) Sari (/wiki/Sari) Shirtdress (/wiki/Shirtdress) Sundress (/wiki/Sundress) Tea gown (/wiki/Tea_gown) Wedding dress (/wiki/Wedding_dress) Wrap dress (/wiki/Wrap_dress) Unisex Gown (/wiki/Gown) Suits (/wiki/Suit_(clothing)) and uniforms (/wiki/Uniform) Male Black tie (/wiki/Black_tie) Clerical clothing (/wiki/Clerical_clothing) Dashiki suit (/wiki/Dashiki#Western_formal_equivalents) Mao suit (/wiki/Mao_suit) Red Sea rig (/wiki/Red_Sea_rig) Stroller (/wiki/Stroller_(style)) Tuxedo (/wiki/Tuxedo) White tie (/wiki/White_tie) Female Gymslip (/wiki/Gymslip) Pantsuit (/wiki/Pantsuit) Romper suit (/wiki/Romper_suit) Unisex Academic dress (/wiki/Academic_dress) Court dress (/wiki/Court_dress) Jumpsuit (/wiki/Jumpsuit) Kasaya (/wiki/Kasaya_(clothing)) Lab coat (/wiki/White_coat) Lounge suit (/wiki/Suit_(clothing)) Morning dress (/wiki/Morning_dress) Scrubs (/wiki/Scrubs_(clothing)) Tangzhuang (/wiki/Tangzhuang) Outerwear (/wiki/Outerwear) Male Blazer (/wiki/Blazer) Duffle coat (/wiki/Duffle_coat) Duster (/wiki/Duster_(clothing)) Frock coat (/wiki/Frock_coat) Goggle jacket (/wiki/Goggle_jacket) Greatcoat (/wiki/Greatcoat) Mess jacket (/wiki/Mess_jacket) Opera coat (/wiki/Opera_coat) Overcoat (/wiki/Overcoat) Pea coat (/wiki/Pea_coat) Poncho (/wiki/Poncho) Sport coat (/wiki/Sport_coat) Vest (/wiki/Vest) Waistcoat (/wiki/Waistcoat) Windbreaker (/wiki/Windbreaker) Female Abaya (/wiki/Abaya) Spencer (/wiki/Spencer_(clothing)) Shawl (/wiki/Shawl) Shrug (/wiki/Shrug_(clothing)) Unisex Academic gown (/wiki/Academic_dress) Anorak (/wiki/Anorak) Apron (/wiki/Apron) Cagoule (/wiki/Cagoule) Cloak (/wiki/Cloak) Coat (/wiki/Coat_(clothing)) Hoodie (/wiki/Hoodie) Jacket (/wiki/Jacket) Leather jacket (/wiki/Leather_jacket) Raincoat (/wiki/Raincoat) Redingote (/wiki/Redingote) Robe (/wiki/Robe) Ski suit (/wiki/Ski_suit) Sleeved blanket (/wiki/Sleeved_blanket) Top coat (/wiki/Coat_(clothing)) Trench coat (/wiki/Trench_coat) Underwear (/wiki/Undergarment) Male Boxer briefs (/wiki/Boxer_briefs) Briefs (/wiki/Briefs) Corset (/wiki/Corset) Dickey (/wiki/Dickey_(garment)) Izaar (/wiki/Izaar) Loincloth (/wiki/Loincloth) Temple garment (/wiki/Temple_garment) Trunks (/wiki/Trunks_(clothing)) Undershirt (/wiki/Undershirt) Female Brassiere (/wiki/Brassiere) Briefs (/wiki/Briefs) Bustle (/wiki/Bustle) Camisole (/wiki/Camisole) Corselet (/wiki/Corselet) Corset (/wiki/Corset) Lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) Open drawers (/wiki/Open_drawers) Panties (/wiki/Panties) Teddy (/wiki/Teddy_(garment)) Temple garment (/wiki/Temple_garment) Unisex Diaper (/wiki/Diaper) Long underwear (/wiki/Long_underwear) Infants Diaper (/wiki/Diaper) Accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) Male Ascot tie (/wiki/Ascot_tie) Bolo tie (/wiki/Bolo_tie) Bow tie (/wiki/Bow_tie) Leggings (/wiki/Leggings) Necktie (/wiki/Necktie) Suspenders (/wiki/Suspenders) Female Bow tie (/wiki/Bow_tie) Hairpin (/wiki/Hairpin_(fashion)) Handbag (/wiki/Handbag) Leg warmer (/wiki/Leg_warmer) Leggings (/wiki/Leggings) Stocking (/wiki/Stocking) Unisex Belly chain (/wiki/Belly_chain) Belt (/wiki/Belt_(clothing)) Chaps (/wiki/Chaps) Coin purse (/wiki/Coin_purse) Cufflink (/wiki/Cufflink) Cummerbund (/wiki/Cummerbund) Pocket watch (/wiki/Pocket_watch) Earring (/wiki/Earring) Gaiters (/wiki/Gaiters) Gloves (/wiki/Glove) Muff (handwarmer) (/wiki/Muff_(handwarmer)) Necklace (/wiki/Necklace) Scarf (/wiki/Scarf) Shoe buckle (/wiki/Shoe_buckle) Sunglasses (/wiki/Sunglasses) Tights (/wiki/Tights) Footwear (/wiki/Footwear) Athletic shoe (/wiki/Athletic_shoe) Balgha (/wiki/Balgha) Boot (/wiki/Boot) Court shoe (/wiki/Court_shoe) Dress shoe (/wiki/Dress_shoe) Flip-flops (/wiki/Flip-flops) Hosiery (/wiki/Hosiery) Sandal (/wiki/Sandal) Shoe (/wiki/Shoe) Slipper (/wiki/Slipper) Sock (/wiki/Sock) Headwear (/wiki/Headgear) Balaclava (/wiki/Balaclava_(clothing)) Beret (/wiki/Beret) Bonnet (/wiki/Bonnet_(headgear)) Cap (/wiki/Cap) Crown (/wiki/Crown_(headgear)) Deely bobber (/wiki/Deely_bobber) Fascinator (/wiki/Fascinator) Fillet (/wiki/Fillet_(clothing)) Hairnet (/wiki/Hairnet) Hat (/wiki/Hat) Headband (/wiki/Headband) Headscarf (/wiki/Headscarf) Helmet (/wiki/Helmet) Hood (/wiki/Hood_(headgear)) Keffiyeh (/wiki/Keffiyeh) Kerchief (/wiki/Kerchief) Mask (/wiki/Mask) Snood (/wiki/Snood_(headgear)) Tiara (/wiki/Tiara) Turban (/wiki/Turban) Ushanka (/wiki/Ushanka) Veil (/wiki/Veil) Visor (/wiki/Sports_visor) Wig (/wiki/Wig) Nightwear (/wiki/Nightwear) Female Babydoll (/wiki/Babydoll) Negligee (/wiki/Negligee) Nightgown (/wiki/Nightgown) Nightshirt (/wiki/Nightshirt) Peignoir (/wiki/Peignoir) Unisex Nightcap (/wiki/Nightcap_(garment)) Infants Blanket sleeper (/wiki/Blanket_sleeper) Pajamas (/wiki/Pajamas) Swimwear (/wiki/Swimsuit) Male Square leg suit (/wiki/Square_leg_suit) Swim briefs (/wiki/Swim_briefs) Swim trunks (/wiki/Trunks_(clothing)) Female Bikini (/wiki/Bikini) One-piece (/wiki/One-piece_swimsuit) Unisex Boardshorts (/wiki/Boardshorts) Rash guard (/wiki/Rash_guard) Swim cap (/wiki/Swim_cap) Wetsuit (/wiki/Wetsuit) Infants Swim diaper (/wiki/Swim_diaper) Clothing parts Back closure (/wiki/Back_closure) Belt hook (/wiki/Belt_hook) Buckle (/wiki/Buckle) Bustline (/wiki/Bustline) Button (/wiki/Button) Buttonhole (/wiki/Buttonhole) Collar (/wiki/Collar_(clothing)) Cuff (/wiki/Cuff) Elastic (/wiki/Elastomer) Fly (/wiki/Fly_(clothing)) Hemline (/wiki/Hemline) Hook-and-eye (/wiki/Hook-and-eye_closure) Lapel (/wiki/Jacket_lapel) Neckline (/wiki/Neckline) Pocket (/wiki/Pocket) Revers (/wiki/Revers) Shoulder pad (/wiki/Shoulder_pads_(fashion)) Shoulder strap (/wiki/Shoulder_strap) Sleeve (/wiki/Sleeve) Snap (/wiki/Snap_fastener) Strap (/wiki/Strap) Velcro (/wiki/Velcro) Waistline (/wiki/Waistline_(clothing)) Yoke (/wiki/Yoke_(clothing)) Zipper (/wiki/Zipper) National costume (/wiki/Folk_costume) Albanian dress (/wiki/Traditional_Albanian_clothing) Abaya (/wiki/Abaya) Aboyne dress (/wiki/Aboyne_dress) Áo bà ba (/wiki/%C3%81o_b%C3%A0_ba) Áo dài (/wiki/Ao_dai) Áo tứ thân (/wiki/%C3%81o_t%E1%BB%A9_th%C3%A2n) Batik (/wiki/Batik) Baro't saya (/wiki/Baro%27t_saya) & Barong Tagalog (/wiki/Barong_Tagalog) Bunad (/wiki/Bunad) Þjóðbúningurinn (/wiki/Icelandic_national_costume) Cheongsam (Qípáo) (/wiki/Cheongsam) Dashiki (/wiki/Dashiki) Deel (/wiki/Deel_(clothing)) Dhoti (/wiki/Dhoti) Dirndl (/wiki/Dirndl) Djellaba (/wiki/Djellaba) Fustanella (/wiki/Fustanella) Gákti (/wiki/G%C3%A1kti) Gho (/wiki/Gho) & Kira (/wiki/Kira_(Bhutan)) Han Chinese clothing (/wiki/Han_Chinese_clothing) Hanbok (/wiki/Hanbok) Highland dress (/wiki/Highland_dress) Jellabiya (/wiki/Jellabiya) Jilbāb (/wiki/Jilb%C4%81b) Kebaya (/wiki/Kebaya) Kente cloth (/wiki/Kente_cloth) Kilt (/wiki/Kilt) Kimono (/wiki/Kimono) Lederhosen (/wiki/Lederhosen) Sampot (/wiki/Sampot) Sarafan (/wiki/Sarafan) Sari (/wiki/Sari) Sarong (/wiki/Sarong) Shalwar kameez (/wiki/Shalwar_kameez) Sherwani (/wiki/Sherwani) Thawb (/wiki/Thawb) Historical garments Banyan (/wiki/Banyan_(clothing)) Bedgown (/wiki/Bedgown) Bodice (/wiki/Bodice) Braccae (/wiki/Braccae) Breeches (/wiki/Breeches) Breeching (/wiki/Breeching_(boys)) Brunswick (/wiki/Brunswick_(clothing)) Caraco (/wiki/Caraco) Chemise (/wiki/Chemise) Cravat (/wiki/Cravat) Chiton (/wiki/Chiton_(costume)) Chlamys (/wiki/Chlamys) Close-bodied gown (/wiki/Close-bodied_gown) Doublet (/wiki/Doublet_(clothing)) Exomis (/wiki/Exomis) Farthingale (/wiki/Farthingale) Frock (/wiki/Frock) Himation (/wiki/Himation) Hose (/wiki/Hose_(clothing)) Houppelande (/wiki/Houppelande) Jerkin (/wiki/Jerkin_(garment)) Justacorps (/wiki/Justacorps) Knickerbockers (/wiki/Knickerbockers_(clothing)) Palla (/wiki/Palla_(garment)) Peplos (/wiki/Peplos) Polonaise (/wiki/Polonaise_(clothing)) Sack-back gown (/wiki/Sack-back_gown) Smock-frock (/wiki/Smock-frock) Stola (/wiki/Stola) Toga (/wiki/Toga) Tunic (/wiki/Tunic) History and surveys Africa (/wiki/Clothing_in_Africa) Ancient Greece (/wiki/Clothing_in_ancient_Greece) Ancient Rome (/wiki/Clothing_in_ancient_Rome) Ancient world (/wiki/Clothing_in_the_ancient_world) Anglo-Saxon (/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_dress) Byzantine (/wiki/Byzantine_dress) Early Medieval Europe (/wiki/Early_medieval_European_dress) Han Chinese (/wiki/Han_Chinese_clothing) History of clothing and textiles (/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles) History of Western fashion series (1100s–2000s) (/wiki/History_of_Western_fashion) Sumptuary law (/wiki/Sumptuary_law) Timeline of clothing and textiles technology (/wiki/Timeline_of_clothing_and_textiles_technology) Vietnam (/wiki/Vietnamese_clothing) Women wearing pants (/wiki/Women_wearing_pants) See also Adaptive clothing (/wiki/Adaptive_clothing) Clothing terminology (/wiki/Clothing_terminology) Costume (/wiki/Costume) Dress code (/wiki/Dress_code) Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) Formal wear (/wiki/Formal_wear) Ironing (/wiki/Ironing) Laundry (/wiki/Laundry) Locking clothing (/wiki/Locking_clothing) Maternity clothing (/wiki/Maternity_clothing) Reversible garment (/wiki/Reversible_garment) Wow, that's a lot of work. I'm not sure how it improves on/adds to the current template (I think we need to work out what is essential for the template and what isn't) but I actually prefer the way the current one is laid out. You could possibly do separate templates for Female clothing/Male clothing/Infant clothing. If you look at Index of fashion articles (/wiki/Index_of_fashion_articles) there are literally thousands of dress and clothing terms there that someone would argue belongs on a template like this, so who decides what belongs on the clothing template and what doesn't? Some of the entries here (and indeed, on the current template itself) seem pretty random. Mabalu (/wiki/User:Mabalu) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Mabalu) ) 04:05, 16 October 2012 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Mabalu-2012-10-16T04:05:00.000Z-New_but_unfinished_version_of_template) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2012-10-16T04:05:00.000Z","author":"Mabalu","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Mabalu-2012-10-16T04:05:00.000Z-New_but_unfinished_version_of_template","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Tatterfly-2013-02-22T19:20:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Time_to_split_this_template?-2013-02-22T19:20:00.000Z","replies":["c-Tatterfly-2013-02-22T19:20:00.000Z-Time_to_split_this_template?","c-Tahc-2013-02-27T05:33:00.000Z-Time_to_split_this_template?"],"text":"Time to split this template?","linkableTitle":"Time to split this template?"} Time to split this template? [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Tatterfly-2013-02-22T19:20:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Time_to_split_this_template?-2013-02-22T19:20:00.000Z","replies":["c-Tatterfly-2013-02-22T19:20:00.000Z-Time_to_split_this_template?","c-Tahc-2013-02-27T05:33:00.000Z-Time_to_split_this_template?"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Tahc-2013-02-27T05:33:00.000Z-Time_to_split_this_template?","timestamp":"2013-02-27T05:33:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__4__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__3__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Tatterfly-2013-02-22T19:20:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Time_to_split_this_template?-2013-02-22T19:20:00.000Z","replies":["c-Tatterfly-2013-02-22T19:20:00.000Z-Time_to_split_this_template?","c-Tahc-2013-02-27T05:33:00.000Z-Time_to_split_this_template?"],"text":"Time to split this template?","linkableTitle":"Time to split this template?"} I created this template many years ago. At that time, it was much smaller and made more sense. Now, it has grown so much it is nearly unmanageable, and is too general. How many people agree it should be split into a series of smaller templates each coverage a narrower category of clothing? And what are some good ways to divide it? Tatterfly (/wiki/User:Tatterfly) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Tatterfly) ) 19:20, 22 February 2013 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Tatterfly-2013-02-22T19:20:00.000Z-Time_to_split_this_template?) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2013-02-22T19:20:00.000Z","author":"Tatterfly","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Tatterfly-2013-02-22T19:20:00.000Z-Time_to_split_this_template?","replies":["c-Mabalu-2013-02-22T22:35:00.000Z-Tatterfly-2013-02-22T19:20:00.000Z"]}} Yes. I think we could safely replace "Historical" with a series of historical templates dealing with say, eighteenth century dress, nineteenth century dress (and items specific to those eras in each template). I think we may already have some. Clothing parts/technical terms may be a good one for a separate template too. Mabalu (/wiki/User:Mabalu) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Mabalu) ) 22:35, 22 February 2013 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Mabalu-2013-02-22T22:35:00.000Z-Tatterfly-2013-02-22T19:20:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2013-02-22T22:35:00.000Z","author":"Mabalu","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Mabalu-2013-02-22T22:35:00.000Z-Tatterfly-2013-02-22T19:20:00.000Z","replies":["c-Tahc-2013-02-22T23:37:00.000Z-Mabalu-2013-02-22T22:35:00.000Z"]}} Yes. We should draft a pair of templates; one on modern clothing and one on historical clothing (or historical and national clothing). If we see such a pair of templates we might consider a need for further splits, but suspect two templates will be good. tahc (/wiki/User:Tahc) chat (/wiki/User_talk:Tahc) 23:37, 22 February 2013 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Tahc-2013-02-22T23:37:00.000Z-Mabalu-2013-02-22T22:35:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2013-02-22T23:37:00.000Z","author":"Tahc","type":"comment","level":3,"id":"c-Tahc-2013-02-22T23:37:00.000Z-Mabalu-2013-02-22T22:35:00.000Z","replies":[]}} v t e Timeline (/wiki/Timeline_of_clothing_and_textiles_technology) of clothing and fashion History of clothing and textiles (/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles) History of fashion design (/wiki/History_of_fashion_design) Ancient (/wiki/Clothing_in_the_ancient_world) Prehistory of nakedness and clothing (/wiki/Prehistory_of_nakedness_and_clothing) China (/wiki/Popular_fashion_in_ancient_China) Han Chinese (/wiki/Hanfu) Shu (/wiki/Clothing_in_ancient_Shu) Egyptian (/wiki/Clothing_in_ancient_Egypt) Inuit (/wiki/Inuit_clothing) Biblical (/wiki/Biblical_clothing) Greek (/wiki/Clothing_in_ancient_Greece) Roman (/wiki/Clothing_in_ancient_Rome) Thracian (/wiki/Thracian_clothing) Middle Ages Anglo-Saxon (/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_dress) Byzantine (/wiki/Byzantine_dress) Chinese Liao (/wiki/Fashion_in_the_Liao_dynasty) Jurchen Jin (/wiki/Fashion_in_the_Jurchen_Jin_dynasty) Yuan (/wiki/Fashion_in_the_Yuan_dynasty) Western Xia (/wiki/Fashion_in_Western_Xia) English (/wiki/English_medieval_clothing) Europe 400s–1000s (/wiki/Early_medieval_European_dress) 1100s (/wiki/1100%E2%80%931200_in_European_fashion) 1200s (/wiki/1200%E2%80%931300_in_European_fashion) 1300s (/wiki/1300%E2%80%931400_in_European_fashion) 1400s (/wiki/1400%E2%80%931500_in_European_fashion) Korean (/wiki/Hanbok#History) Ottoman (/wiki/Ottoman_clothing) Tocharian (/wiki/Tocharian_clothing) Vietnamese (/wiki/Vietnamese_clothing#Lý_dynasty_to_Trần_dynasty_(1009–1400)) 1500s–1820s Western fashion 1500–1550 (/wiki/1500%E2%80%931550_in_European_fashion) 1550–1600 (/wiki/1550%E2%80%931600_in_European_fashion) 1600–1650 (/wiki/1600%E2%80%931650_in_Western_fashion) 1650–1700 (/wiki/1650%E2%80%931700_in_Western_fashion) 1700–1750 (/wiki/1700%E2%80%931750_in_Western_fashion) 1750–1775 (/wiki/1750%E2%80%931775_in_Western_fashion) 1775–1795 (/wiki/1775%E2%80%931795_in_Western_fashion) 1795–1820 (/wiki/1795%E2%80%931820_in_Western_fashion) Directoire style (/wiki/Directoire_style) 1820s (/wiki/1820s_in_Western_fashion) 1830s–1910s Western fashion Victorian (/wiki/Victorian_fashion) 1830s (/wiki/1830s_in_Western_fashion) 1840s (/wiki/1840s_in_Western_fashion) 1850s (/wiki/1850s_in_Western_fashion) 1860s (/wiki/1860s_in_Western_fashion) 1870s (/wiki/1870s_in_Western_fashion) 1880s (/wiki/1880s_in_Western_fashion) 1890s (/wiki/1890s_in_Western_fashion) Edwardian (/wiki/Edwardian_era#Fashion) 1900s (/wiki/1900s_in_Western_fashion) 1910s (/wiki/1910s_in_Western_fashion) 1920s–1950s Western fashion Suffrage Movement period (/wiki/Women%27s_suffrage_and_Western_women%27s_fashion_through_the_early_20th_century) 1920s (/wiki/1920s_in_Western_fashion) 1930–1945 (/wiki/1930%E2%80%931945_in_Western_fashion) 1945–1960 (/wiki/1945%E2%80%931960_in_Western_fashion) 1960s-1990s fashion 1960s (/wiki/1960s_in_fashion) 1970s (/wiki/1970s_in_fashion) 1980s (/wiki/1980s_in_fashion) 1990s (/wiki/1990s_in_fashion) 2000–present fashion 2000s (/wiki/2000s_in_fashion) 2010s (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) 2020s (/wiki/2020s_in_fashion) impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_fashion_industry) By country and region Indian subcontinent (/wiki/History_of_clothing_in_the_Indian_subcontinent) Italy (/wiki/History_of_Italian_fashion) Japan (/wiki/Japanese_clothing#History) Meiji (/wiki/Japanese_clothing_during_the_Meiji_period) Thailand (/wiki/History_of_Thai_clothing) Western world (/wiki/History_of_Western_fashion) By clothing Bikini (/wiki/History_of_the_bikini) Corset (/wiki/History_of_corsets) Hide (/wiki/History_of_hide_materials) Swimwear (/wiki/History_of_swimwear) v t e Historical clothing (/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles) Clothing generally not worn today, except in historical settings Body-length (/wiki/Suit) Abolla (/wiki/Abolla) Banyan (/wiki/Banyan_(clothing)) Brunswick (/wiki/Brunswick_(clothing)) Court dress (Empire of Japan) (/wiki/Court_uniform_and_dress_in_the_Empire_of_Japan) Chiton (/wiki/Chiton_(costume)) Frock (/wiki/Frock) Frock coat (/wiki/Frock_coat) Hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) Justacorps (/wiki/Justacorps) Paenula (/wiki/Paenula) Peplos (/wiki/Peplos) Stola (/wiki/Stola) Toga (/wiki/Toga) Tunic (/wiki/Tunic) Xout lao (/wiki/Xout_lao) Tops (/wiki/Top_(clothing)) Basque (/wiki/Basque_(clothing)) Bedgown (/wiki/Bedgown) Bodice (/wiki/Bodice) Doublet (/wiki/Doublet_(clothing)) Peascod belly (/wiki/Peascod_belly) Poet shirt (/wiki/Poet_shirt) Sbai (/wiki/Sbai) Suea pat (/wiki/Suea_pat) Trousers (/wiki/Trousers) Braccae (/wiki/Braccae) Breeches (/wiki/Breeches) Sompot Chong Kben (/wiki/Sompot_Chong_Kben) Culottes (/wiki/Culottes) Harem (/wiki/Harem_pants) Knickerbockers (/wiki/Knickerbockers_(clothing)) Pedal pushers (/wiki/Pedal_pushers) Saragüells (/w/index.php?title=Sarag%C3%BCells&action=edit&redlink=1) [ ca (https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarag%C3%BCells) ] Skirts (/wiki/Skirt) Hobble (/wiki/Hobble_skirt) Poodle (/wiki/Poodle_skirt) Safeguard (/wiki/Safeguard_(costume)) Sompot (/wiki/Sompot) Sinh (/wiki/Sinh_(clothing)) Train (/wiki/Train_(clothing)) Dresses (/wiki/Dress) Bliaut (/wiki/Bliaut) Close-bodied gown (/wiki/Close-bodied_gown) Debutante (/wiki/Debutante_dress) Gown (/wiki/Gown) Kirtle (/wiki/Kirtle) Mantua (/wiki/Mantua_(clothing)) Polonaise (/wiki/Polonaise_(clothing)) Robe de cour (/wiki/Robe_de_cour) Sack-back gown (/wiki/Sack-back_gown) Sailor (/wiki/Sailor_dress) Tea gown (/wiki/Tea_gown) Zaju chuishao fu (/wiki/Zaju_chuishao_fu) Outerwear (/wiki/List_of_outerwear) Capote (/wiki/Capote_(garment)) Car coat (/wiki/Car_coat) Caraco (/wiki/Caraco) Cardinal cloak (/wiki/Cardinal_cloak) Chamail (/wiki/Chamail_(clothing)) Chlamys (/wiki/Chlamys) Cloak (/wiki/Cloak) Kinsale cloak (/wiki/Kinsale_cloak) Dolman (/wiki/Dolman) Doublet (/wiki/Doublet_(clothing)) Duster (/wiki/Duster_(clothing)) Exomis (/wiki/Exomis) Greatcoat (/wiki/Greatcoat) Himation (/wiki/Himation) Houppelande (/wiki/Houppelande) Inverness cape (/wiki/Inverness_cape) Jerkin (/wiki/Jerkin) Kandys (/wiki/Kandys) Mackinaw jacket (/wiki/Mackinaw_jacket) Nadiri (/wiki/Nadiri) Norfolk jacket (/wiki/Norfolk_jacket) Overfrock (/wiki/Over-frock_coat) Pañuelo (/wiki/Pa%C3%B1uelo) Palla (/wiki/Palla_(garment)) Pallium (/wiki/Pallium_(Roman_cloak)) Pelisse (/wiki/Pelisse) Poncho (/wiki/Poncho) Shadbelly (/wiki/Shadbelly) Shawl (/wiki/Shawl) Galway shawl (/wiki/Galway_shawl) Kullu (/wiki/Kullu_shawl) Smock-frock (/wiki/Smock-frock) Spencer (/wiki/Spencer_(clothing)) Surcoat (/wiki/Surcoat) Surtout (/wiki/Surtout) Ulster coat (/wiki/Ulster_coat) Visite (/wiki/Visite) Witzchoura (/wiki/Witzchoura) Underwear (/wiki/Undergarment) Basque (/wiki/Basque_(clothing)) Bustle (/wiki/Bustle) Chausses (/wiki/Chausses) Chemise (/wiki/Chemise) Codpiece (/wiki/Codpiece) Corselet (/wiki/Corselet) Corset (/wiki/Corset) Waist cincher (/wiki/Waist_cincher) Dickey (/wiki/Dickey_(garment)) Garter (/wiki/Garter) Hoop skirt (/wiki/Hoop_skirt) Crinoline (/wiki/Crinoline) Farthingale (/wiki/Farthingale) Pannier (/wiki/Pannier_(clothing)) Hose (/wiki/Hose_(clothing)) Liberty bodice (/wiki/Liberty_bodice) Loincloth (/wiki/Loincloth) Open drawers (/wiki/Open_drawers) Pantalettes (/wiki/Pantalettes) Petticoat (/wiki/Petticoat) Peignoir (/wiki/Peignoir) Pettipants (/wiki/Pettipants) Union suit (/wiki/Union_suit) Yếm (/wiki/Y%E1%BA%BFm) Headwear (/wiki/Headgear) Anthony Eden (/wiki/Anthony_Eden_hat) Apex (/wiki/Apex_(headdress)) Arakhchin (/wiki/Arakhchin) Attifet (/wiki/Attifet) Aviator (/wiki/Aviator_hat) Ba tầm (/wiki/Ba_t%E1%BA%A7m) Bergère (/wiki/Berg%C3%A8re_hat) Blessed hat (/wiki/Blessed_sword_and_hat) Bonnet (/wiki/Bonnet_(headgear)) Capotain (/wiki/Capotain) Caubeen (/wiki/Caubeen) Cavalier (/wiki/Cavalier_hat) Coif (/wiki/Coif) Coonskin (/wiki/Coonskin_cap) Cornette (/wiki/Cornette) Dunce (/wiki/Dunce_cap) Fillet (/wiki/Fillet_(clothing)) French hood (/wiki/French_hood) Fontange (/wiki/Fontange) Futou (/wiki/Futou) Gable hood (/wiki/Gable_hood) Hennin (/wiki/Hennin) Jeongjagwan (/wiki/Jeongjagwan) Jewish (/wiki/Jewish_hat) Kausia (/wiki/Kausia) Kokoshnik (/wiki/Kokoshnik) Llawt'u (/wiki/Llawt%27u) Malahai (/wiki/Malahai) Matron's badge (/wiki/Matron%27s_badge) Miner's (/wiki/Miner%27s_cap) Mob (/wiki/Mobcap) Modius (/wiki/Modius_(headdress)) Monmouth (/wiki/Monmouth_cap) Mooskappe (/wiki/Mooskappe) Motoring hood (/wiki/Motoring_hood) Mounteere (/wiki/Mounteere_Cap) Nemes (/wiki/Nemes) Nightcap (/wiki/Nightcap_(garment)) Ochipok (/wiki/Ochipok) Pahlavi (/wiki/Pahlavi_hat) Petasos (/wiki/Petasos) Phrygian (/wiki/Phrygian_cap) Pileus (/wiki/Pileus_(hat)) Printer's (/wiki/Printer%27s_hat) Pudding (/wiki/Baby_bumper_headguard_cap) Qeleshe (/wiki/Qeleshe) Qing (/wiki/Qing_official_headwear) Salakot (/wiki/Salakot) Snood (/wiki/Snood_(headgear)) Smoking (/wiki/Smoking_cap) Tainia (/wiki/Tainia_(costume)) Taranga (/wiki/Taranga_(clothing)) Welsh Wig (/wiki/Welsh_Wig) Wimple (/wiki/Wimple) Footwear (/wiki/Footwear) Buskins (/wiki/Buskin) Calcei (/wiki/Calcei) Caligae (/wiki/Caligae) Carbatina (/wiki/Carbatina) Chinese styles (/wiki/Hanfu_footwear) Chopines (/wiki/Chopine) Duckbills (/wiki/Duckbill_shoe) Episcopal sandals (/wiki/Episcopal_sandals) Hessian (/wiki/Hessian_(boot)) Lotus shoes (/wiki/Lotus_shoes) Manchu platform shoes (/wiki/Manchu_platform_shoes) Pampooties (/wiki/Pampootie) Pattens (/wiki/Patten_(shoe)) Pigaches (/wiki/Pigache) Poulaines (/wiki/Poulaine) Socci (/wiki/Socci) Tiger-head shoes (/wiki/Tiger-head_shoes) Turnshoes (/wiki/Turnshoe) Accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) Ascot tie (/wiki/Ascot_tie) Belt hook (/wiki/Belt_hook) Cointoise (/wiki/Cointoise) Cravat (early) (/wiki/Cravat_(early)) Hairpin (/wiki/Hairpin) Hatpin (/wiki/Hatpin) Jabot (/wiki/Jabot_(neckwear)) Lavallière (/wiki/Pussy_bow) Muff (/wiki/Muff_(handwarmer)) Oes (/wiki/Oes) Partlet (/wiki/Partlet) Perfumed gloves (/wiki/Perfumed_gloves) Ruff (/wiki/Ruff_(clothing)) Shoe buckle (/wiki/Shoe_buckle) Visard (/wiki/Visard) Clothing portal (/wiki/Portal:Clothing) I expect to start changes based on this new Template:Historical clothing. tahc (/wiki/User:Tahc) chat (/wiki/User_talk:Tahc) 05:33, 27 February 2013 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Tahc-2013-02-27T05:33:00.000Z-Time_to_split_this_template?) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2013-02-27T05:33:00.000Z","author":"Tahc","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Tahc-2013-02-27T05:33:00.000Z-Time_to_split_this_template?","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Snowsuit_Wearer-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Time_to_split_this_template?_2-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z","replies":["c-Snowsuit_Wearer-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z-Time_to_split_this_template?_2"],"text":"Time to split this template?","linkableTitle":"Time to split this template? 2"} Time to split this template? [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Snowsuit_Wearer-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Time_to_split_this_template?_2-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z","replies":["c-Snowsuit_Wearer-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z-Time_to_split_this_template?_2"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Tahc-2013-10-20T07:22:00.000Z-Snowsuit_Wearer-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z","timestamp":"2013-10-20T07:22:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__5__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__4__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Snowsuit_Wearer-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Time_to_split_this_template?_2-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z","replies":["c-Snowsuit_Wearer-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z-Time_to_split_this_template?_2"],"text":"Time to split this template?","linkableTitle":"Time to split this template? 2"} I think Template:Clothing is way to big. It would be better with different templates for different kinds of clothes, and then links between these templates. You are really not interested to read about all sorts of clothes when reading about a particular kind of costume, but you are probably interested in similar dresses. The "What links here" list gets incredibly long with this crowded template and makes it hard to find other links to the article you are reading. Snowsuit Wearer (/wiki/User:Snowsuit_Wearer) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Snowsuit_Wearer) | contribs (/wiki/Special:Contributions/Snowsuit_Wearer) ) 23:00, 24 September 2013 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Snowsuit_Wearer-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z-Time_to_split_this_template?_2) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z","author":"Snowsuit Wearer","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Snowsuit_Wearer-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z-Time_to_split_this_template?_2","replies":["c-Is_in_the_1sie-2013-10-13T20:27:00.000Z-Snowsuit_Wearer-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z","c-Tahc-2013-10-13T21:49:00.000Z-Snowsuit_Wearer-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z","c-Tahc-2013-10-20T07:22:00.000Z-Snowsuit_Wearer-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z"]}} Comment : What kind of split do you suggest? What groups of clothing should be in the same templates? Is in the 1sie (/w/index.php?title=User:Is_in_the_1sie&action=edit&redlink=1) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Is_in_the_1sie) ) 20:27, 13 October 2013 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Is_in_the_1sie-2013-10-13T20:27:00.000Z-Snowsuit_Wearer-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2013-10-13T20:27:00.000Z","author":"Is in the 1sie","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Is_in_the_1sie-2013-10-13T20:27:00.000Z-Snowsuit_Wearer-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z","replies":[]}} What do you think of splitting out Folk costume as its own template, and making another template of Clothing Parts and Materials ? It would be a bit more work, but we could also or instead create an template of male and female ( Western (/wiki/Western_world) ) Formal wear . tahc (/wiki/User:Tahc) chat (/wiki/User_talk:Tahc) 21:49, 13 October 2013 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Tahc-2013-10-13T21:49:00.000Z-Snowsuit_Wearer-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2013-10-13T21:49:00.000Z","author":"Tahc","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Tahc-2013-10-13T21:49:00.000Z-Snowsuit_Wearer-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z","replies":["c-83.251.94.184-2013-10-14T22:30:00.000Z-Tahc-2013-10-13T21:49:00.000Z"]}} I was thinking of splitting more than that, but it could be a good start. I was thinking about one template per row in the present template, and then links to the other templates below, in a "see also" way. 83.251.94.184 (/wiki/Special:Contributions/83.251.94.184) ( talk (/w/index.php?title=User_talk:83.251.94.184&action=edit&redlink=1) ) 22:30, 14 October 2013 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-83.251.94.184-2013-10-14T22:30:00.000Z-Tahc-2013-10-13T21:49:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2013-10-14T22:30:00.000Z","author":"83.251.94.184","type":"comment","level":3,"id":"c-83.251.94.184-2013-10-14T22:30:00.000Z-Tahc-2013-10-13T21:49:00.000Z","replies":[]}} I have now split out the links for Template:Folk costume (/wiki/Template:Folk_costume) and for Template:Clothing materials and parts (/wiki/Template:Clothing_materials_and_parts) . tahc (/wiki/User:Tahc) chat (/wiki/User_talk:Tahc) 07:22, 20 October 2013 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Tahc-2013-10-20T07:22:00.000Z-Snowsuit_Wearer-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2013-10-20T07:22:00.000Z","author":"Tahc","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Tahc-2013-10-20T07:22:00.000Z-Snowsuit_Wearer-2013-09-24T23:00:00.000Z","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Tahc-2013-10-27T02:07:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Pedal_pushers-2013-10-27T02:07:00.000Z","replies":["c-Tahc-2013-10-27T02:07:00.000Z-Pedal_pushers"],"text":"Pedal pushers","linkableTitle":"Pedal pushers"} Pedal pushers [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Tahc-2013-10-27T02:07:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Pedal_pushers-2013-10-27T02:07:00.000Z","replies":["c-Tahc-2013-10-27T02:07:00.000Z-Pedal_pushers"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Ibadibam-2018-02-24T01:03:00.000Z-Tahc-2013-10-27T02:07:00.000Z","timestamp":"2018-02-24T01:03:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__2__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__2__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Tahc-2013-10-27T02:07:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Pedal_pushers-2013-10-27T02:07:00.000Z","replies":["c-Tahc-2013-10-27T02:07:00.000Z-Pedal_pushers"],"text":"Pedal pushers","linkableTitle":"Pedal pushers"} Can you cite anything to show that these really still are worn today -- except as a "costume"? Also if they are, how are they different from capri pants (/wiki/Capri_pants) ? tahc (/wiki/User:Tahc) chat (/wiki/User_talk:Tahc) 02:07, 27 October 2013 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Tahc-2013-10-27T02:07:00.000Z-Pedal_pushers) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2013-10-27T02:07:00.000Z","author":"Tahc","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Tahc-2013-10-27T02:07:00.000Z-Pedal_pushers","replies":["c-Ibadibam-2018-02-24T01:03:00.000Z-Tahc-2013-10-27T02:07:00.000Z"]}} A Google image search indicates that mid-calf women's pants continue to be sold and worn as pedal pushers . Ibadibam (/wiki/User:Ibadibam) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Ibadibam) ) 01:03, 24 February 2018 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Ibadibam-2018-02-24T01:03:00.000Z-Tahc-2013-10-27T02:07:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2018-02-24T01:03:00.000Z","author":"Ibadibam","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Ibadibam-2018-02-24T01:03:00.000Z-Tahc-2013-10-27T02:07:00.000Z","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Ibadibam-2018-02-24T00:00:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Defining_the_template_scope-2018-02-24T00:00:00.000Z","replies":["c-Ibadibam-2018-02-24T00:00:00.000Z-Defining_the_template_scope"],"text":"Defining the template scope","linkableTitle":"Defining the template scope"} Defining the template scope [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Ibadibam-2018-02-24T00:00:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Defining_the_template_scope-2018-02-24T00:00:00.000Z","replies":["c-Ibadibam-2018-02-24T00:00:00.000Z-Defining_the_template_scope"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Ibadibam-2018-02-24T00:00:00.000Z-Defining_the_template_scope","timestamp":"2018-02-24T00:00:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__1__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__1__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Ibadibam-2018-02-24T00:00:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Defining_the_template_scope-2018-02-24T00:00:00.000Z","replies":["c-Ibadibam-2018-02-24T00:00:00.000Z-Defining_the_template_scope"],"text":"Defining the template scope","linkableTitle":"Defining the template scope"} Where do we draw the line between regional/folk and "general" clothing? At the moment it seems like this navbox is skewed toward European styles, even where they're not remotely part of any global culture (if one can be said to exist), like prairie skirt (/wiki/Prairie_skirt) and white tie (/wiki/White_tie) . Ibadibam (/wiki/User:Ibadibam) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Ibadibam) ) 00:00, 24 February 2018 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Ibadibam-2018-02-24T00:00:00.000Z-Defining_the_template_scope) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2018-02-24T00:00:00.000Z","author":"Ibadibam","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Ibadibam-2018-02-24T00:00:00.000Z-Defining_the_template_scope","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Tahc-2018-07-09T04:21:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Suit_and_Uniforms-2018-07-09T04:21:00.000Z","replies":["c-Tahc-2018-07-09T04:21:00.000Z-Suit_and_Uniforms"],"text":"Suit and Uniforms","linkableTitle":"Suit and Uniforms"} Suit and Uniforms [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Tahc-2018-07-09T04:21:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Suit_and_Uniforms-2018-07-09T04:21:00.000Z","replies":["c-Tahc-2018-07-09T04:21:00.000Z-Suit_and_Uniforms"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Ibadibam-2018-07-09T23:41:00.000Z-Tahc-2018-07-09T04:21:00.000Z","timestamp":"2018-07-09T23:41:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__2__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__2__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Tahc-2018-07-09T04:21:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Suit_and_Uniforms-2018-07-09T04:21:00.000Z","replies":["c-Tahc-2018-07-09T04:21:00.000Z-Suit_and_Uniforms"],"text":"Suit and Uniforms","linkableTitle":"Suit and Uniforms"} These things you have added are not Suits nor Uniforms --Blazer, Lounge jacket, Smoking jacket, Waistcoat-- because they are only part of (at best) a suit or uniform. They should be moved back to outerwear. tahc (/wiki/User:Tahc) chat (/wiki/User_talk:Tahc) 04:21, 9 July 2018 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Tahc-2018-07-09T04:21:00.000Z-Suit_and_Uniforms) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2018-07-09T04:21:00.000Z","author":"Tahc","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Tahc-2018-07-09T04:21:00.000Z-Suit_and_Uniforms","replies":["c-Ibadibam-2018-07-09T23:41:00.000Z-Tahc-2018-07-09T04:21:00.000Z"]}} Agree - The "suits" section would make more sense if it only contained complete ensembles. Ibadibam (/wiki/User:Ibadibam) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Ibadibam) ) 23:41, 9 July 2018 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Ibadibam-2018-07-09T23:41:00.000Z-Tahc-2018-07-09T04:21:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2018-07-09T23:41:00.000Z","author":"Ibadibam","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Ibadibam-2018-07-09T23:41:00.000Z-Tahc-2018-07-09T04:21:00.000Z","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Tahc-2018-08-07T17:01:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Coats_and_Outerwear-2018-08-07T17:01:00.000Z","replies":["c-Tahc-2018-08-07T17:01:00.000Z-Coats_and_Outerwear","h-Outerwear_suits-Coats_and_Outerwear-2018-08-10T16:28:00.000Z"],"text":"Coats and Outerwear","linkableTitle":"Coats and Outerwear"} Coats and Outerwear [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Tahc-2018-08-07T17:01:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Coats_and_Outerwear-2018-08-07T17:01:00.000Z","replies":["c-Tahc-2018-08-07T17:01:00.000Z-Coats_and_Outerwear","h-Outerwear_suits-Coats_and_Outerwear-2018-08-10T16:28:00.000Z"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-10T17:06:00.000Z-Tahc-2018-08-10T16:09:00.000Z","timestamp":"2018-08-10T17:06:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__8__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__2__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Tahc-2018-08-07T17:01:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Coats_and_Outerwear-2018-08-07T17:01:00.000Z","replies":["c-Tahc-2018-08-07T17:01:00.000Z-Coats_and_Outerwear","h-Outerwear_suits-Coats_and_Outerwear-2018-08-10T16:28:00.000Z"],"text":"Coats and Outerwear","linkableTitle":"Coats and Outerwear"} Can we please simplify the Coats and Outerwear section. It currently has five different sections and I cannot tell what all the differences are. For example there are 4 subsections for "Coats" and the one other subsection still mostly things called coats? How is anyone to understand what makes something a "coat"? tahc (/wiki/User:Tahc) chat (/wiki/User_talk:Tahc) 17:01, 7 August 2018 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Tahc-2018-08-07T17:01:00.000Z-Coats_and_Outerwear) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2018-08-07T17:01:00.000Z","author":"Tahc","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Tahc-2018-08-07T17:01:00.000Z-Coats_and_Outerwear","replies":["c-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-08T13:11:00.000Z-Tahc-2018-08-07T17:01:00.000Z"]}} Coats (/wiki/Coat) "typically have long sleeves and are open down the front, closing by means of buttons, zippers, hook-and-loop fasteners, toggles, a belt, or a combination of some of these." Chicbyaccident (/wiki/User:Chicbyaccident) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Chicbyaccident) ) 13:11, 8 August 2018 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-08T13:11:00.000Z-Tahc-2018-08-07T17:01:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2018-08-08T13:11:00.000Z","author":"Chicbyaccident","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-08T13:11:00.000Z-Tahc-2018-08-07T17:01:00.000Z","replies":["c-Tahc-2018-08-08T13:19:00.000Z-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-08T13:11:00.000Z","c-Tahc-2018-08-10T16:09:00.000Z-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-08T13:11:00.000Z"]}} So why do we need 4 subsections for Coats? Why are there is the one other subsection still mostly made up of things called coats? How does a reader even know the differences in each type? tahc (/wiki/User:Tahc) chat (/wiki/User_talk:Tahc) 13:19, 8 August 2018 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Tahc-2018-08-08T13:19:00.000Z-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-08T13:11:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2018-08-08T13:19:00.000Z","author":"Tahc","type":"comment","level":3,"id":"c-Tahc-2018-08-08T13:19:00.000Z-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-08T13:11:00.000Z","replies":["c-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-08T13:26:00.000Z-Tahc-2018-08-08T13:19:00.000Z"]}} Here is a solution: 1) Pipelink > Coats (/wiki/Coats) < and Outerwear". 2) Erase the subsection "Coats", thus making its subsubsections only subsections, so to speak. 3) Rename the 4th subsection "Other" to "Other coats". 4) And so the subsections in point 2 are placed on the same level as the subsection "Other Outerwear". Chicbyaccident (/wiki/User:Chicbyaccident) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Chicbyaccident) ) 13:26, 8 August 2018 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-08T13:26:00.000Z-Tahc-2018-08-08T13:19:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2018-08-08T13:26:00.000Z","author":"Chicbyaccident","type":"comment","level":4,"id":"c-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-08T13:26:00.000Z-Tahc-2018-08-08T13:19:00.000Z","replies":[]}} Since you can not or will not define why Parkas are not under coats nor say why Tailcoats need to be separated from Suit jackets, here is a solution: give Coats and Outerwear three subsections (i) Overcoats (ii) Suit Coats (iii) Other Outerwear. tahc (/wiki/User:Tahc) chat (/wiki/User_talk:Tahc) 16:09, 10 August 2018 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Tahc-2018-08-10T16:09:00.000Z-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-08T13:11:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2018-08-10T16:09:00.000Z","author":"Tahc","type":"comment","level":3,"id":"c-Tahc-2018-08-10T16:09:00.000Z-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-08T13:11:00.000Z","replies":["c-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-10T17:06:00.000Z-Tahc-2018-08-10T16:09:00.000Z"]}} Sure. Looks alright to me. Chicbyaccident (/wiki/User:Chicbyaccident) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Chicbyaccident) ) 17:06, 10 August 2018 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-10T17:06:00.000Z-Tahc-2018-08-10T16:09:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2018-08-10T17:06:00.000Z","author":"Chicbyaccident","type":"comment","level":4,"id":"c-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-10T17:06:00.000Z-Tahc-2018-08-10T16:09:00.000Z","replies":[]}} Outerwear suits [ edit ] I see that ski suit (/wiki/Ski_suit) is under outerwear, but not suits, but all other suits are under suits-- and Space suits (/wiki/Space_suit) are in neither place. Any ideas? tahc (/wiki/User:Tahc) chat (/wiki/User_talk:Tahc) 16:28, 10 August 2018 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Tahc-2018-08-10T16:28:00.000Z-Outerwear_suits) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2018-08-10T16:28:00.000Z","author":"Tahc","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Tahc-2018-08-10T16:28:00.000Z-Outerwear_suits","replies":["c-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-10T17:06:00.000Z-Tahc-2018-08-10T16:28:00.000Z"]}} Yeah, I guess fully narrowed down taxonomy will be difficult to attain. Chicbyaccident (/wiki/User:Chicbyaccident) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Chicbyaccident) ) 17:06, 10 August 2018 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-10T17:06:00.000Z-Tahc-2018-08-10T16:28:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2018-08-10T17:06:00.000Z","author":"Chicbyaccident","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Chicbyaccident-2018-08-10T17:06:00.000Z-Tahc-2018-08-10T16:28:00.000Z","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-PPEMES-2019-01-01T23:54:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Bespoke-2019-01-01T23:54:00.000Z","replies":["c-PPEMES-2019-01-01T23:54:00.000Z-Bespoke"],"text":"Bespoke","linkableTitle":"Bespoke"} Bespoke [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-PPEMES-2019-01-01T23:54:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Bespoke-2019-01-01T23:54:00.000Z","replies":["c-PPEMES-2019-01-01T23:54:00.000Z-Bespoke"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-PPEMES-2019-01-02T00:16:00.000Z-Tahc-2019-01-02T00:00:00.000Z","timestamp":"2019-01-02T00:16:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__3__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__2__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-PPEMES-2019-01-01T23:54:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Bespoke-2019-01-01T23:54:00.000Z","replies":["c-PPEMES-2019-01-01T23:54:00.000Z-Bespoke"],"text":"Bespoke","linkableTitle":"Bespoke"} I cannot understand how Tahc (/wiki/User:Tahc) forcibly insists on leaving that out? There's plenty of entries more fringe than that thoughout this template, isn't it? PPEMES (/wiki/User:PPEMES) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:PPEMES) ) 23:54, 1 January 2019 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-PPEMES-2019-01-01T23:54:00.000Z-Bespoke) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2019-01-01T23:54:00.000Z","author":"PPEMES","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-PPEMES-2019-01-01T23:54:00.000Z-Bespoke","replies":["c-Tahc-2019-01-02T00:00:00.000Z-PPEMES-2019-01-01T23:54:00.000Z"]}} The template is mostly to list particular items of clothing-- which in some cases are obscure-- but they are at least still particular items of clothing. Bespoke is not even that. Likewise, I do not see anyone looking thru the Template:Clothing (/wiki/Template:Clothing) for the purpose of finding a link to Bespoke (/wiki/Bespoke) . tahc (/wiki/User:Tahc) chat (/wiki/User_talk:Tahc) 00:00, 2 January 2019 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Tahc-2019-01-02T00:00:00.000Z-PPEMES-2019-01-01T23:54:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2019-01-02T00:00:00.000Z","author":"Tahc","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Tahc-2019-01-02T00:00:00.000Z-PPEMES-2019-01-01T23:54:00.000Z","replies":["c-PPEMES-2019-01-02T00:16:00.000Z-Tahc-2019-01-02T00:00:00.000Z"]}} Conversely, you would have persons arguing that if it isn't bespoke, it isn't clothing. I don't see a lack other entries arguably more indirectly related to "items of clothing" in the "See also" section, nor does the lack of free pixels seem to be particularly alarming to me. I wouldn't be surprised, however, if in the end you got your way also in this instance in this template. Have a great day! PPEMES (/wiki/User:PPEMES) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:PPEMES) ) 00:16, 2 January 2019 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-PPEMES-2019-01-02T00:16:00.000Z-Tahc-2019-01-02T00:00:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2019-01-02T00:16:00.000Z","author":"PPEMES","type":"comment","level":3,"id":"c-PPEMES-2019-01-02T00:16:00.000Z-Tahc-2019-01-02T00:00:00.000Z","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Tahc-2019-01-20T02:57:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Size-2019-01-20T02:57:00.000Z","replies":["c-Tahc-2019-01-20T02:57:00.000Z-Size"],"text":"Size","linkableTitle":"Size"} Size [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Tahc-2019-01-20T02:57:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Size-2019-01-20T02:57:00.000Z","replies":["c-Tahc-2019-01-20T02:57:00.000Z-Size"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-PPEMES-2019-01-22T15:56:00.000Z-Tahc-2019-01-20T02:57:00.000Z","timestamp":"2019-01-22T15:56:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__2__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__2__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Tahc-2019-01-20T02:57:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Size-2019-01-20T02:57:00.000Z","replies":["c-Tahc-2019-01-20T02:57:00.000Z-Size"],"text":"Size","linkableTitle":"Size"} @ PPEMES (/wiki/User:PPEMES) : Please stop trying to continually expanding the size of templates. Navigation templates should be small enough to aid navigation-- not so large that they hinder navigation. tahc (/wiki/User:Tahc) chat (/wiki/User_talk:Tahc) 02:57, 20 January 2019 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Tahc-2019-01-20T02:57:00.000Z-Size) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2019-01-20T02:57:00.000Z","author":"Tahc","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Tahc-2019-01-20T02:57:00.000Z-Size","replies":["c-PPEMES-2019-01-22T15:56:00.000Z-Tahc-2019-01-20T02:57:00.000Z"]}} I agree that this template borders the maximum appropriate size, which should preferably fit in a somewhat typical laptop screenshot (altoough exceptions may be valid). However, I disagree that your revertions of dresses improved the template. PPEMES (/wiki/User:PPEMES) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:PPEMES) ) 15:56, 22 January 2019 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-PPEMES-2019-01-22T15:56:00.000Z-Tahc-2019-01-20T02:57:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2019-01-22T15:56:00.000Z","author":"PPEMES","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-PPEMES-2019-01-22T15:56:00.000Z-Tahc-2019-01-20T02:57:00.000Z","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-PPEMES-2019-06-25T21:27:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Homburg_hat_inclusion-2019-06-25T21:27:00.000Z","replies":["c-PPEMES-2019-06-25T21:27:00.000Z-Homburg_hat_inclusion"],"text":"Homburg hat inclusion","linkableTitle":"Homburg hat inclusion"} Homburg hat inclusion [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-PPEMES-2019-06-25T21:27:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Homburg_hat_inclusion-2019-06-25T21:27:00.000Z","replies":["c-PPEMES-2019-06-25T21:27:00.000Z-Homburg_hat_inclusion"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Tahc-2019-06-26T21:46:00.000Z-PPEMES-2019-06-25T21:27:00.000Z","timestamp":"2019-06-26T21:46:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__2__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__2__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-PPEMES-2019-06-25T21:27:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Homburg_hat_inclusion-2019-06-25T21:27:00.000Z","replies":["c-PPEMES-2019-06-25T21:27:00.000Z-Homburg_hat_inclusion"],"text":"Homburg hat inclusion","linkableTitle":"Homburg hat inclusion"} Tahc (/wiki/User:Tahc) suggests here (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Clothing&oldid=prev&diff=903465828) that the homburg hat (/wiki/Homburg_hat) is not part of "the most basic kinds of headwear". I fail to see how the homburg hat does not equate the importance of the boater, the bowler, and the fedora, all included? What's wrong with the homburg here? PPEMES (/wiki/User:PPEMES) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:PPEMES) ) 21:27, 25 June 2019 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-PPEMES-2019-06-25T21:27:00.000Z-Homburg_hat_inclusion) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2019-06-25T21:27:00.000Z","author":"PPEMES","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-PPEMES-2019-06-25T21:27:00.000Z-Homburg_hat_inclusion","replies":["c-Tahc-2019-06-26T21:46:00.000Z-PPEMES-2019-06-25T21:27:00.000Z"]}} Since the Homburg is even less common that the boater and the bowler, it does not qualify as one of the most basic kinds of headwear. Unless PPEMES gains a contrary consensus, it stays out-- but if you prefer we can also remove Boater (/wiki/Boater) and/or Bowler (/wiki/Bowler) . tahc (/wiki/User:Tahc) chat (/wiki/User_talk:Tahc) 21:46, 26 June 2019 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Tahc-2019-06-26T21:46:00.000Z-PPEMES-2019-06-25T21:27:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2019-06-26T21:46:00.000Z","author":"Tahc","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Tahc-2019-06-26T21:46:00.000Z-PPEMES-2019-06-25T21:27:00.000Z","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-PPEMES-2019-07-10T15:31:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Suit_in_dress_codes_section-2019-07-10T15:31:00.000Z","replies":["c-PPEMES-2019-07-10T15:31:00.000Z-Suit_in_dress_codes_section"],"text":"Suit in dress codes section","linkableTitle":"Suit in dress codes section"} Suit in dress codes section [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-PPEMES-2019-07-10T15:31:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Suit_in_dress_codes_section-2019-07-10T15:31:00.000Z","replies":["c-PPEMES-2019-07-10T15:31:00.000Z-Suit_in_dress_codes_section"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-PPEMES-2019-07-14T11:54:00.000Z-Tahc-2019-07-13T17:25:00.000Z","timestamp":"2019-07-14T11:54:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__3__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__2__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-PPEMES-2019-07-10T15:31:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Suit_in_dress_codes_section-2019-07-10T15:31:00.000Z","replies":["c-PPEMES-2019-07-10T15:31:00.000Z-Suit_in_dress_codes_section"],"text":"Suit in dress codes section","linkableTitle":"Suit in dress codes section"} @ Tahc (/wiki/User:Tahc) : Sorry, you lost me at why suit cannot be included (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template%3AClothing&type=revision&diff=903466112&oldid=903465828) as a duplicate entry where otherwise obviously befitting for the dress codes section presentation purposes? PPEMES (/wiki/User:PPEMES) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:PPEMES) ) 15:31, 10 July 2019 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-PPEMES-2019-07-10T15:31:00.000Z-Suit_in_dress_codes_section) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2019-07-10T15:31:00.000Z","author":"PPEMES","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-PPEMES-2019-07-10T15:31:00.000Z-Suit_in_dress_codes_section","replies":["c-Tahc-2019-07-13T17:25:00.000Z-PPEMES-2019-07-10T15:31:00.000Z"]}} Suit (/wiki/Suit) is not a level of dress the way that the other things are-- suits vary to cover different levels of dress. tahc (/wiki/User:Tahc) chat (/wiki/User_talk:Tahc) 17:25, 13 July 2019 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Tahc-2019-07-13T17:25:00.000Z-PPEMES-2019-07-10T15:31:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2019-07-13T17:25:00.000Z","author":"Tahc","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Tahc-2019-07-13T17:25:00.000Z-PPEMES-2019-07-10T15:31:00.000Z","replies":["c-PPEMES-2019-07-14T11:54:00.000Z-Tahc-2019-07-13T17:25:00.000Z"]}} Not sure what you mean. While suit may mean different things, at the extreme arguably even a suit justaucorps (/wiki/Justaucorps) , isn't informal wear lounge suit the main defintion these days, arguably as reflected in suit (/wiki/Suit) ? PPEMES (/wiki/User:PPEMES) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:PPEMES) ) 11:54, 14 July 2019 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-PPEMES-2019-07-14T11:54:00.000Z-Tahc-2019-07-13T17:25:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2019-07-14T11:54:00.000Z","author":"PPEMES","type":"comment","level":3,"id":"c-PPEMES-2019-07-14T11:54:00.000Z-Tahc-2019-07-13T17:25:00.000Z","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-63.248.183.82-2020-03-27T10:35:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Edit_request:_Linked_article_listed_in_template--name_change_\"Overall\"_---->_\"Ov-2020-03-27T10:35:00.000Z","replies":["c-63.248.183.82-2020-03-27T10:35:00.000Z-Edit_request:_Linked_article_listed_in_template--name_change_\"Overall\"_---->_\"Ov"],"text":"Edit request: Linked article listed in template--name change \"Overall\" ----> \"Overalls\" to reflect current name of article","linkableTitle":"Edit request: Linked article listed in template--name change \"Overall\" ----> \"Overalls\" to reflect current name of article"} Edit request: Linked article listed in template--name change "Overall" ----> "Overalls" to reflect current name of article [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-63.248.183.82-2020-03-27T10:35:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Edit_request:_Linked_article_listed_in_template--name_change_\"Overall\"_---->_\"Ov-2020-03-27T10:35:00.000Z","replies":["c-63.248.183.82-2020-03-27T10:35:00.000Z-Edit_request:_Linked_article_listed_in_template--name_change_\"Overall\"_---->_\"Ov"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-63.248.183.82-2020-04-01T01:52:00.000Z-PPEMES-2020-03-31T09:12:00.000Z","timestamp":"2020-04-01T01:52:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__3__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__2__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-63.248.183.82-2020-03-27T10:35:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Edit_request:_Linked_article_listed_in_template--name_change_\"Overall\"_---->_\"Ov-2020-03-27T10:35:00.000Z","replies":["c-63.248.183.82-2020-03-27T10:35:00.000Z-Edit_request:_Linked_article_listed_in_template--name_change_\"Overall\"_---->_\"Ov"],"text":"Edit request: Linked article listed in template--name change \"Overall\" ----> \"Overalls\" to reflect current name of article","linkableTitle":"Edit request: Linked article listed in template--name change \"Overall\" ----> \"Overalls\" to reflect current name of article"} Does this request make sense? Thanks, 63.248.183.82 (/wiki/Special:Contributions/63.248.183.82) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:63.248.183.82) ) 10:35, 27 March 2020 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-63.248.183.82-2020-03-27T10:35:00.000Z-Edit_request:_Linked_article_listed_in_template--name_change_"Overall"_---->_"Ov) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2020-03-27T10:35:00.000Z","author":"63.248.183.82","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-63.248.183.82-2020-03-27T10:35:00.000Z-Edit_request:_Linked_article_listed_in_template--name_change_\"Overall\"_---->_\"Ov","replies":["c-PPEMES-2020-03-31T09:12:00.000Z-63.248.183.82-2020-03-27T10:35:00.000Z"]}} Done . PPEMES (/wiki/User:PPEMES) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:PPEMES) ) 09:12, 31 March 2020 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-PPEMES-2020-03-31T09:12:00.000Z-63.248.183.82-2020-03-27T10:35:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2020-03-31T09:12:00.000Z","author":"PPEMES","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-PPEMES-2020-03-31T09:12:00.000Z-63.248.183.82-2020-03-27T10:35:00.000Z","replies":["c-63.248.183.82-2020-04-01T01:52:00.000Z-PPEMES-2020-03-31T09:12:00.000Z"]}} Thank you. 63.248.183.82 (/wiki/Special:Contributions/63.248.183.82) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:63.248.183.82) ) 01:52, 1 April 2020 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-63.248.183.82-2020-04-01T01:52:00.000Z-PPEMES-2020-03-31T09:12:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2020-04-01T01:52:00.000Z","author":"63.248.183.82","type":"comment","level":3,"id":"c-63.248.183.82-2020-04-01T01:52:00.000Z-PPEMES-2020-03-31T09:12:00.000Z","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Qwertyxp2000-2021-04-17T23:21:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Form-fitting_garments_and_catsuits-2021-04-17T23:21:00.000Z","replies":["c-Qwertyxp2000-2021-04-17T23:21:00.000Z-Form-fitting_garments_and_catsuits"],"text":"Form-fitting garments and catsuits","linkableTitle":"Form-fitting garments and catsuits"} Form-fitting garments and catsuits [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Qwertyxp2000-2021-04-17T23:21:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Form-fitting_garments_and_catsuits-2021-04-17T23:21:00.000Z","replies":["c-Qwertyxp2000-2021-04-17T23:21:00.000Z-Form-fitting_garments_and_catsuits"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Qwertyxp2000-2021-04-17T23:21:00.000Z-Form-fitting_garments_and_catsuits","timestamp":"2021-04-17T23:21:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__1__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__1__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Qwertyxp2000-2021-04-17T23:21:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Form-fitting_garments_and_catsuits-2021-04-17T23:21:00.000Z","replies":["c-Qwertyxp2000-2021-04-17T23:21:00.000Z-Form-fitting_garments_and_catsuits"],"text":"Form-fitting garments and catsuits","linkableTitle":"Form-fitting garments and catsuits"} Where would these belong for this template? Are they even fitting enough to fit in such template? I thought form-fitting garments and catsuits are both types of clothes. Q wertyxp2000 (/wiki/User:Qwertyxp2000) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Qwertyxp2000) | contribs (/wiki/Special:Contributions/Qwertyxp2000) ) 23:21, 17 April 2021 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing#c-Qwertyxp2000-2021-04-17T23:21:00.000Z-Form-fitting_garments_and_catsuits) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2021-04-17T23:21:00.000Z","author":"Qwertyxp2000","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Qwertyxp2000-2021-04-17T23:21:00.000Z-Form-fitting_garments_and_catsuits","replies":[]}} NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐lm7n9 Cached time: 20240712194752 Cache expiry: 864000 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] DiscussionTools time usage: 0.125 seconds CPU time usage: 0.751 seconds Real time usage: 1.021 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2063/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 115660/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2373/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 34/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 36956/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.292/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3459466/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 603.378 1 -total 51.52% 310.876 13 Template:Navbox 26.45% 159.597 1 Template:Talk_Header 21.26% 128.254 1 Template:WikiProject_banner_shell 19.22% 115.992 1 Template:Historical_clothing 15.15% 91.412 1 Template:Ill 13.84% 83.509 1 Template:WikiProject_Fashion 7.81% 47.109 1 Template:Yearly_archive_list 7.23% 43.605 2 Template:Pagetype 6.64% 40.082 1 Template:For_loop Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:16688095-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712194752 and revision id 1229199796. 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British minimalist shoe company Vivobarefoot Industry Textile (/wiki/Textile) Products Footwear (/wiki/Footwear) Website vivobarefoot (http://vivobarefoot.com/rw) .com (http://vivobarefoot.com/rw) /rw (http://vivobarefoot.com/rw) Vivobarefoot is a minimalist (/wiki/Minimalist_shoe) running shoe company. Their technology, invented by Tim Brennan and developed by British shoe company Terra Plana, [1] (#cite_note-1) is aimed at offering the optimum biomechanics and posture commonly associated with walking barefoot (/wiki/Barefoot) and barefoot running (/wiki/Barefoot_running) , and advocated within the barefoot movement and barefoot running community. [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) Their marketing describes the walking experience as "as close to going barefoot in the city as you can get." [4] (#cite_note-nym-21apr2008-4) In 2019, the most prominent shoe using this technology was their Evo running shoe. [5] (#cite_note-5) In 2022, Vivobarefoot sold 773,000 pairs of shoes. [6] (#cite_note-6) See also [ edit ] Barefoot running (/wiki/Barefoot_running) Minimalist shoe (/wiki/Minimalist_shoe) Vibram FiveFingers (/wiki/Vibram_FiveFingers) Xero Shoes (/wiki/Xero_Shoes) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Barclay, Kurt (13 March 2019). "Every Day, Every Surface: Vivobarefoot Magna Trail FG Shoe Review" (https://gearjunkie.com/vivobarefoot-magna-trail-fg-shoe-review) . GearJunkie . Retrieved 22 April 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Jepster 2009 ^ (#cite_ref-3) Verry, Peter (18 January 2019). "Vivobarefoot's Co-Founder Explains Why the Brand Is Making Shoes Out of Algae" (https://footwearnews.com/2019/focus/athletic-outdoor/vivobarefoot-sustainable-footwear-algae-1202732479/) . Footwear News . Retrieved 22 April 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-nym-21apr2008_4-0) Sternbergh, Adam (21 April 2008). "You Walk Wrong" (http://nymag.com/health/features/46213/) . New York Magazine (/wiki/New_York_(magazine)) . New York Media Holdings . Retrieved 3 March 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "New plant-based shoes from Vivobarefoot" (https://www.innovationintextiles.com/new-plantbased-shoes-from-vivobarefoot/) . Retrieved 22 April 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Marquis, Christopher. "Why Vivobarefoot's Founder Believes the Future of Regenerative Business Is at Our Feet" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/christophermarquis/2023/06/08/why-vivobarefoots-founder-believes-the-future-of-regenerative-business-is-at-our-feet/) . Forbes . Retrieved 17 February 2024 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://vivobarefoot.com) Wiggling Their Toes at the Shoe Giants (https://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/30/business/30shoe.html) , The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) , 30 August 2008 This technology-related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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South African fashion designer (born 1987) Thabo Makhetha – Kwinana Born ( 1987-09-21 ) 21 September 1987 (age 36) Lesotho Website www (https://www.thabomakhetha.com/) .thabomakhetha (https://www.thabomakhetha.com/) .com (https://www.thabomakhetha.com/) Thabo Makhetha-Kwinana (21 September 1987) is a fashion designer known for her designs which fuse African and Western styles, with a focus on Basotho (/wiki/Basotho) culture. [1] (#cite_note-1) Early life and education [ edit ] Thabo Makhetha-Kwinana was born in Lesotho (/wiki/Lesotho) , but moved to South Africa when she was three years old and has since lived there. She has lived in Mahikeng (/wiki/Mahikeng) , Johannesburg (/wiki/Johannesburg) , Pietermaritzburg (/wiki/Pietermaritzburg) as well as Port Elizabeth (/wiki/Port_Elizabeth) , and currently resides in Cape Town (/wiki/Cape_Town) Western Cape province of South Africa. Thabo Makhetha studied at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University (/wiki/Nelson_Mandela_Metropolitan_University) in Port Elizabeth (/wiki/Port_Elizabeth) where she graduated with a National Diploma in Fashion. [2] (#cite_note-2) Career and Thabo Makhetha Fashion label [ edit ] In 2009 she founded her self-named brand at the age of 21, inspired by her grandmother who was a seamstress. It was her mother who saw her talent at an early age and went further to purchase her first sewing machine. Her designs are inspired by her Basotho (/wiki/Basotho) heritage, with a particular focus on the traditional Basotho blanket (/wiki/Basotho_blanket) , which she incorporates into her clothing designs. She is also known for her use of vibrant African prints and patterns. [3] (#cite_note-3) Thabo Makhetha made her runway debut in 2014 at Vancouver Fashion Week (/wiki/Vancouver_Fashion_Week) in Canada (/wiki/Canada) , [4] (#cite_note-4) where she was praised for the quality and creativity of her work for the Kobo ea Bohali "Blanket of Prestige" collection. In 2014 Makhetha-Kwinana was honored with the 2014 Impact Award. [5] (#cite_note-5) In 2015 she showcased at South Africa Fashion Week and had since showcased in Lesotho (/wiki/Lesotho) , the United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) and Milan (/wiki/Milan) , Johannesburg (/wiki/Johannesburg) and the United States of America (/wiki/United_States_of_America) . In 2016 then editor of Elle Magazine (/wiki/Elle_Magazine) nominated Thabo's starburst coat for Most Beautiful Object in South Africa. [6] (#cite_note-6) She has been honoured by The Nelson Mandela Chambers as one of the Top 40 Under 40 Achievers of 2014, and included in the Mail & Guardian (/wiki/Mail_%26_Guardian) 's Top 200 Young South Africans in 2017. In 2020 she was featured on Black Parade, [7] (#cite_note-7) a Platform by US Superstar Beyonce (/wiki/Beyonce) to showcase Africa's top designers. [8] (#cite_note-8) She has been featured in various publications including Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) , and Marie Claire (/wiki/Marie_Claire) . In 2017, Louis Vuitton (/wiki/Louis_Vuitton) caused headlines by producing a men's collection using a similar print as Basotho blanket (/wiki/Basotho_blanket) , a controversial move that sparked accusations of cultural appropriation (/wiki/Cultural_appropriation) . [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) Thabo Makhetha-Kwinana took part in artist-in-residence programme of the exhibition: “Breaking Down the Walls" – 150 years of collecting at Iziko South African Museum (/wiki/Iziko_South_African_Museum) , which commemorated Africa Day on 25 May 2023. [11] (#cite_note-11) In October 2023, in honour of CTM's 40th birthday, Thabo Makhetha-Kwinana collaborated with CTM, South Africa's leading tile retailer, to launch a limited edition tile collection. [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) Awards and accomplishments [ edit ] Impact Award for Design Excellence - 2014. Named Top 40 under Nelson Mandela Bay Chamber of Commerce 40 under 40 in 2014. [14] (#cite_note-14) Elle Magazine nominated the Kobo Starburst Coat for the Most Beautiful Object in South Africa - 2016. [15] (#cite_note-15) Mail & Guardian in Top 200 Young South Africans - 2017 Mandela Washington Fellowship (MWF) Alumni 2018. [16] (#cite_note-16) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) King, Isa (8 July 2022). "Design Brand To Know: Thabo Makhetha" (https://satisfashionug.com/design-brand-to-know-thabo-makhetha/) . SatisFashion Uganda . Retrieved 17 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) cardova. "FEAST YOUR EYES ON BEAUTIFUL BASOTHO-INSPIRING GARMENTS BY THABO MAKHETHA – The Insider SA" (https://theinsidersa.co.za/feast-your-eyes-on-beautiful-basotho-inspiring-garments-by-thabo-makhetha/) . Retrieved 17 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Thabo Makhetha-Kwinana: Clothes for the bold and brave" (https://mg.co.za/friday/2024-03-04-thabo-makhetha-kwinana-clothes-for-the-bold-and-brave/) . The Mail & Guardian . 4 March 2024 . Retrieved 3 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Mbude, Phelokazi (30 October 2019). "Thabo Makhetha expands her Basotho blanket range with her own unique print" (https://www.news24.com/life/archive/thabo-makhetha-expands-her-basotho-blanket-range-with-her-own-unique-print-20191031) . Life . Retrieved 17 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Matthew (26 November 2014). "Thabo Makheta-Kwinana awarded 2014 ACT ImpACT Award for Design" (https://act.org.za/2014/11/thabo-makheta-kwinana-awarded-2014-act-impact-award-for-design/) . Arts & Culture Trust . Retrieved 17 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Design Indaba: Most Beautiful Object In South Africa 2016" (https://visi.co.za/design-indaba-most-beautiful-object-in-south-africa-2016/) . Visi . 13 January 2016 . Retrieved 17 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Here are 20 of SA's black designers Beyoncé featured on 'Black Is King' and 'Black Parade' (https://www.timeslive.co.za/sunday-times/lifestyle/2020-08-04-here-are-20-of-sas-black-designers-beyonc-featured-on-black-is-king-and-black-parade/) " (https://www.timeslive.co.za/sunday-times/lifestyle/2020-08-04-here-are-20-of-sas-black-designers-beyonc-featured-on-black-is-king-and-black-parade/) . TimesLIVE . 25 May 2020 . Retrieved 17 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) News, I. O. L. (3 August 2020). "Beyoncé's 'Black Parade' features over 20 South African designers" (https://headtopics.com/za/beyonce-s-black-parade-features-over-20-south-african-designers-14750395) . Head Topics . Retrieved 17 June 2023 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : |last= has generic name ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name) ) ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Cultural inspiration or appropriation?" (https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-africa-41437143) . BBC News . Retrieved 18 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Cultural appropriation or appreciation? Louis Vuitton turns Basotho blankets into expensive fashion items | eNCA" (https://www.enca.com/life/cultural-appropriation-or-appreciation-louis-vuitton-turns-basotho-blankets-into-expensive) . www.enca.com . Retrieved 18 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Art, Fashion and Futures" (https://www.iziko.org.za/news/art-fashion-and-futures/) . Iziko Museums . Retrieved 6 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/authors/nombuso-kumalo (https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/authors/nombuso-kumalo) . "Thabo Makhetha-Kwinana launches limited-edition tile collection" (https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/s-mag/living/2023-10-12-celebrated-designer-and-ctm-launch-limited-edition-tile-collection/) . SowetanLIVE . Retrieved 15 October 2023 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : External link in |last= ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#param_has_ext_link) ) ^ (#cite_ref-13) Staff Reporter (12 October 2023). "WHEN HOMEGROWN FASHION AND FUNCTION MEET CTM announces innovative partnership with renowned fashion designer, Thabo Makhetha-Kwinana" (https://www.showbizscope.co.za/when-homegrown-fashion-and-function-meet-ctm-announces-innovative-partnership-with-renowned-fashion-designer-thabo-makhetha-kwinana/) . SHOWBIZ SCOPE . Retrieved 15 October 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Designer off to Vancouver Fashion Week" (https://www.heraldlive.co.za/lifestyle/leisure/2014-09-10-designer-off-to-vancouver-fashion-week/) . HeraldLIVE . Retrieved 21 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) MBOISA: A coat that brings tradition to a contemporary form | Design Indaba , retrieved 21 June 2023 ^ (#cite_ref-16) King, Isa (8 July 2022). "Design Brand To Know: Thabo Makhetha" (https://satisfashionug.com/design-brand-to-know-thabo-makhetha/) . SatisFashion Uganda . Retrieved 21 June 2023 . [1] (#cite_note-17) ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Impact awards reveal four young creatives you need to know" (https://www.news24.com/news24/impact-awards-reveal-four-young-creatives-you-need-to-know-20150429) . News24 . Retrieved 18 June 2023 . 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English murderer and former royal dresser For the author, see Jane Andrews (author) (/wiki/Jane_Andrews_(author)) . Jane Andrews Born ( 1967-04-01 ) 1 April 1967 (age 57) Cleethorpes (/wiki/Cleethorpes) , Lincolnshire, England Occupation Royal dresser Employer Sarah, Duchess of York (/wiki/Sarah,_Duchess_of_York) (1988–1997) Known for Murder of Tom Cressman Criminal charge Murder Criminal penalty Life in prison Criminal status On licence Spouse Christopher Dunn-Butler ( m. 1990; div. 1995) Partner Tom Cressman (1998–2000, his death) Jane Dawn Elizabeth Andrews (born 1 April 1967) [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) is an English former royal dresser for Sarah, Duchess of York (/wiki/Sarah,_Duchess_of_York) , who was imprisoned in 2001 for murdering her lover, and released from prison in 2019. Early life [ edit ] Andrews was born in Cleethorpes (/wiki/Cleethorpes) , Lincolnshire. Her father worked as a joiner (/wiki/Joiner) and her mother as a social worker (/wiki/Social_worker) . [3] (#cite_note-Life_Story-3) As a child, Andrews was promising and intelligent, excelling in grammar school (/wiki/Grammar_school) . [4] (#cite_note-Court_News-4) But because of the family's debt, they moved to a small townhouse in the nearby seaport (/wiki/Seaport) town of Grimsby (/wiki/Grimsby) , where she attended Hereford Secondary School (/wiki/Ormiston_Maritime_Academy) . [3] (#cite_note-Life_Story-3) [5] (#cite_note-5) Throughout her teenage years, Andrews struggled with various psychological problems including depression (/wiki/Depression_(mood)) , panic attacks (/wiki/Panic_attacks) , and an eating disorder (/wiki/Eating_disorder) . At the age of 15, she attempted suicide by overdose after her mother discovered her truancy (/wiki/Truancy) . Two years later, at age 17, she became pregnant and had an abortion (/wiki/Abortion) , which she later stated was a traumatising experience. [3] (#cite_note-Life_Story-3) Andrews enrolled in a fashion course at the Grimsby College of Art (/wiki/Grimsby_Institute_of_Further_%26_Higher_Education) , [6] (#cite_note-True_Crime-6) and afterward took a job designing children's clothes at Marks & Spencer (/wiki/Marks_%26_Spencer) . [4] (#cite_note-Court_News-4) At age 21, she answered an anonymous advertisement in The Lady magazine (/wiki/The_Lady_(magazine)) for a personal dresser. Six months later, she was interviewed by Sarah, Duchess of York (/wiki/Sarah,_Duchess_of_York) ; four days after that, Andrews began working for the Duchess at Buckingham Palace (/wiki/Buckingham_Palace) . [6] (#cite_note-True_Crime-6) With a salary of £18,000 (equivalent to £61,000 in 2023), she lived a relatively opulent lifestyle and was able to purchase a new flat in Battersea Park (/wiki/Battersea_Park) . [6] (#cite_note-True_Crime-6) The occupation brought Andrews a higher status and a new circle of friends; she was reportedly involved with several men whom she met through her work. [6] (#cite_note-True_Crime-6) Marriage and other relationships [ edit ] In August 1990, after a short courtship (/wiki/Courtship) , Andrews married Christopher Dunn-Butler, an IBM (/wiki/IBM) executive twenty years her senior. [3] (#cite_note-Life_Story-3) The couple were divorced five years later; Andrews claimed that "pressures of work" led to the couple's split, [4] (#cite_note-Court_News-4) although Dunn-Butler said that she was repeatedly unfaithful. [6] (#cite_note-True_Crime-6) Andrews did admit to infidelity, saying, "I had a couple of flings. I'm not proud of it." [3] (#cite_note-Life_Story-3) Following her divorce, Andrews met Dimitri Horne, the son of a Greek shipping magnate. When the two broke up acrimoniously, Andrews trashed the flat they shared and fell into a deep depression. She attempted suicide again by overdosing on drugs (/wiki/Drug_overdose) but survived without seeking medical treatment. [3] (#cite_note-Life_Story-3) During this time, it is alleged that the Duchess was having an affair with Tuscan (/wiki/Tuscany) aristocrat (/wiki/Aristocrat) Count Gaddo della Gherardesca; he supposedly also had feelings for Andrews. Shortly after this alleged fling, Andrews was dismissed from her job as the Duchess's royal dresser. [6] (#cite_note-True_Crime-6) Some believe that this issue led directly to Andrews's termination, but officials at Buckingham Palace state there is no truth in this and that her dismissal was a result of cost-cutting. [3] (#cite_note-Life_Story-3) New marriage prospect [ edit ] In 1998, a mutual acquaintance introduced Andrews to Thomas Ashley Cressman (22 October 1960 – 18 September 2000), a former stockbroker (/wiki/Stockbroker) . Cressman ran a successful business selling car accessories and mixed in the upper echelons of London society. [3] (#cite_note-Life_Story-3) Because of her supposed financial hardships at the time, Andrews moved into Cressman's flat in Fulham (/wiki/Fulham) shortly into their relationship. She gained employment at Claridge's Hotel (/wiki/Claridge%27s) in October 1999 as a PR manager but was required to leave after only two months. [4] (#cite_note-Court_News-4) For the next two years in the couple's relationship, Andrews made it obvious that she had pinned all her hopes on Cressman as her future husband and father of her children. [6] (#cite_note-True_Crime-6) Murder [ edit ] In September 2000, Andrews accompanied Cressman on a holiday to Italy and also to his family's villa on the French Riviera (/wiki/French_Riviera) . She was reportedly expecting Cressman to propose marriage to her during their holiday, but instead, he told her that he had no intention of marrying her. [3] (#cite_note-Life_Story-3) After returning to the couple's Fulham (/wiki/Fulham) flat on 17 September, they began to argue heatedly. Cressman called police to say that "somebody is going to get hurt", but no police came to his flat. Later that night, while Cressman was sleeping, Andrews hit him with a cricket bat and then stabbed him with a knife. Following the bloody attack, Andrews fled the scene. [4] (#cite_note-Court_News-4) She contacted her ex-husband Christopher Dunn-Butler shortly after killing Cressman, then sent out text messages to friends inquiring about her lover's whereabouts and well-being. She claimed to have no involvement in Cressman's death and stated that he was being blackmailed (/wiki/Blackmail) . Andrews was untraceable for days until police in Cornwall (/wiki/Cornwall) found her overdosed in her car. [4] (#cite_note-Court_News-4) She survived the suicide attempt and, after a police interrogation, Andrews was arrested and charged with Cressman's murder. Trial and imprisonment [ edit ] On 23 April 2001, Andrews went to trial at the Old Bailey (/wiki/Old_Bailey) . Prosecutors stated that the motive for the killing was a woman scorned. Andrews testified in her defence (/wiki/Defense_(law)) that Cressman had been abusive (/wiki/Domestic_abuse) during their relationship, citing his alleged sexual obsessions and an incident two years earlier in which she had broken her arm while dancing, stating that Cressman had pushed her. She also claimed that she had suffered abuse during childhood which led her to kill. After twelve hours of jury deliberation (/wiki/Deliberation#Trial_juries) , she was convicted of murder and sentenced to life in prison (/wiki/Life_in_prison) . [7] (#cite_note-7) In 2001, the psychiatrist Trevor Turner [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-:1-9) diagnosed Andrews with borderline personality disorder (/wiki/Borderline_personality_disorder) [3] (#cite_note-Life_Story-3) and subsequently said in an ITV (/wiki/ITV_(TV_network)) documentary that she had been subject to coercive control by the deceased. [10] (#cite_note-:0-10) [9] (#cite_note-:1-9) Andrews started her sentence at HM Prison Bullwood Hall (/wiki/HM_Prison_Bullwood_Hall) in Hockley, Essex. In November 2009, after having served nine years of her sentence, she escaped from East Sutton Park Prison (/wiki/East_Sutton_Park_(HM_Prison)) in Kent (/wiki/Kent) . After three days, she was captured in a hotel room with her family six miles from the prison. [11] (#cite_note-Escape-11) She was ultimately not charged with absconding. Release [ edit ] Andrews had been considered for early release several times but was repeatedly adjudged to be a danger to the public. On 19 June 2015 she was released on licence (/wiki/Released_on_licence) , with a view to making the transition from prison to mainstream society in a probation hostel (/wiki/Halfway_house) . [10] (#cite_note-:0-10) In 2018 she was accused of harassing a former paramour (/wiki/Extramarital_sex) ; her licence was revoked and she was recalled to prison. A police investigation found no evidence of the alleged harassment, [10] (#cite_note-:0-10) and Andrews was re-released from prison on 8 August 2019, initially on the condition that she reside in a designated probation hostel. [10] (#cite_note-:0-10) See also [ edit ] Maria Pearson (/wiki/Maria_Pearson_(murderer)) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "R v JANE DAWN ELIZABETH ANDREWS (2003)" (https://www.lccsa.org.uk/r-v-jane-dawn-elizabeth-andrews-2003/) . 6 January 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Search Results for England & Wales Births 1837-2006 - findmypast.co.uk" (https://search.findmypast.co.uk/results/world-records/england-and-wales-births-1837-2006?firstname=jane+d+e&lastname=andrews&eventyear=1967&eventyear_offset=0&county=lincolnshire) . search.findmypast.co.uk . ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Was it really murder? Part I" (https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2003/aug/30/weekend7.weekend1) . The Guardian . London. 30 August 2003. ^ a b c d e f Stubley, Peter. "Jane Andrews: Naked Ambition" (http://www.courtnewsuk.co.uk/c_famous_crime_cases/a_jane_andrews/crime_vaults/) . Court News UK . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "The killer who could not take rejection" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1330515/The-killer-who-could-not-take-rejection.html) . The Daily Telegraph . London. 17 May 2001. ^ a b c d e f g Hutchings, Ian (9 August 2011). "Jane Andrews" (http://truecrimebloguk.blogspot.com/2011_08_01_archive.html) . True Crime Blog UK . Blogspot (/wiki/Blogspot) . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Duchess's dresser jailed for life" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1330518/Duchesss-dresser-jailed-for-life.html) . www.telegraph.co.uk . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Ex-royal aide's judgement 'impaired' (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/1321213.stm) " (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/1321213.stm) . 9 May 2001 . Retrieved 4 March 2021 . ^ a b "Fergie's Killer Dresser: The Jane Andrews Story" (https://www.radiotimes.com/tv-programme/e/ncsr96/fergies-killer-dresser-the-jane-andrews-story/) . Radio Times . Retrieved 4 March 2021 . ^ a b c d ITV1 Fergie's Killer Dresser: The Jane Andrews Story, broadcast on 3 March 2021 ^ (#cite_ref-Escape_11-0) Cockcroft, Lucy (25 November 2009). "Fugitive killer Jane Andrews found with her parents in hotel room" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/6654638/Fugitive-killer-Jane-Andrews-found-with-her-parents-in-hotel-room.html) . The Daily Telegraph . London. 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English socialite Debonnaire von Bismarck Full name Debonnaire Jane Gräfin von Bismarck-Schönhausen Born Debonnaire Jane Patterson ( 1959-08-19 ) 19 August 1959 (age 64) Noble family (/wiki/Nobility) Bismarck (/wiki/House_of_Bismarck) (by marriage) Spouse(s) Count Leopold von Bismarck-Schönhausen Issue Count Nikolai von Bismarck-Schönhausen (/wiki/Nikolai_von_Bismarck) Count Tassilo von Bismarck-Schönhausen Count Caspar von Bismarck-Schönhausen Carl von Bismarck-Schönhausen Father William Garry Patterson Mother Sandra Debonnaire Monson Occupation businesswoman, socialite Countess Debonnaire Jane von Bismarck-Schönhausen ( German (/wiki/German_language) : Debonnaire Jane Gräfin von Bismarck-Schönhausen ; née Patterson ; born 19 August 1959) is an English businesswoman, stylist, and socialite. Personal life [ edit ] Bismarck was born Debonnaire Jane Patterson on 19 August 1959 as the first child of Major (/wiki/Major_(rank)) William Garry Patterson, a military officer, and The Honourable (/wiki/The_Honourable) Sandra Debonnaire Monson, a daughter of John Roseberry Monson, 10th Baron Monson (/wiki/Baron_Monson) . Her maternal uncle was John Monson, 11th Baron Monson (/wiki/John_Monson,_11th_Baron_Monson) . [1] (#cite_note-1) In 1977 Bismarck was featured on the cover of, and profiled in, The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) 's Sunday Magazine , which covered her debut into society (/wiki/Debutante) . [2] (#cite_note-2) In 1984 she married a German nobleman (/wiki/German_nobility) , Count Leopold von Bismarck-Schönhausen (/wiki/House_of_Bismarck) (b. 1951), the youngest son of Otto Christian Archibald, Prince of Bismarck (/wiki/Otto_Christian_Archibald_von_Bismarck) and his wife, Ann-Mari Tengbom (/wiki/Ann-Mari_Tengbom) . They have four sons: Nikolai (/wiki/Nikolai_von_Bismarck) , Tassilo, Caspar, and Carl. Nikolai has been in a long-term relationship with Kate Moss (/wiki/Kate_Moss) . [3] (#cite_note-3) Career [ edit ] Bismarck founded the company Debonnaire, which she runs out of a boutique in Knightsbridge (/wiki/Knightsbridge) , London. Her company sells vintage and internationally collected women's clothing and accessories. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) In 2014, after a trip to India, she began producing cotton shirts and boxer shorts, and later opened a Debonnaire showroom. [6] (#cite_note-vanityfair-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Person Page" (http://www.thepeerage.com/p64148.htm#i641474) . www.thepeerage.com . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "The Sunday Telegraph magazine - Debonnaire Patterson cover (10 July 1977)" (https://www.crazyaboutmagazines.com/ourshop/prod_5281939-The-Sunday-Telegraph-magazine-Debonnaire-Patterson-cover-10-July-1977.html) . CrazyAboutMagazines . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Meacham, Donny (9 November 2020). "Is Kate Moss Engaged To BF Nikolai von Bismarck? She Clears The Air" (https://okmagazine.com/couples/kate-moss-engaged-ring-boyfriend-nikolai-von-bismarck/) . OK Magazine . Retrieved 21 September 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Debonnaire" (https://www.departures.com/city-guides/london/debonnaire) . Departures . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Staff, C. N. N. (27 December 2017). "Debonnaire Von Bismarck: 'It's lovely to give back when you're giving' (https://www.cnn.com/style/article/the-art-of-giving/index.html) " (https://www.cnn.com/style/article/the-art-of-giving/index.html) . CNN . ^ (#cite_ref-vanityfair_6-0) B-B, Alice. "Inside the Secret Showroom of a Luxury-Gifting Genius" (https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2015/11/countess-debonnaire-von-bismarck-luxury-gifts) . Vanity Fair . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Brazilian, Alexa (1 May 2015). "How to Travel the World Through Your Closet" (http://www.wsj.com/articles/how-to-travel-the-world-through-your-closet-1430501954) . Wall Street Journal . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0099-9660 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660) . Retrieved 21 September 2022 . This English biographical article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Birmingham Fashion Week Status Inactive Genre Fashion Frequency Annual Location(s) Birmingham, Alabama Country United States Inaugurated 2011 Founders Heidi Elnora, Jeana Lee Thompson Most recent 2016 Birmingham Fashion Week (BFW), was a series of annual fashion week (/wiki/Fashion_week) events, held between 2011 and 2016 in Birmingham, Alabama (/wiki/Birmingham,_Alabama) . [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) The event showcased three nights of runway shows, featuring both local designers and national brands. [2] (#cite_note-2) Student Competition [ edit ] The event included a Rising Design Star competition, for local middle and high school students, Out of 300 submissions, and 60 finalists in its final year. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) Winners of the challenge received cash prizes and college scholarship through the University of Alabama (/wiki/University_of_Alabama) and Savannah College of Art and Design (/wiki/Savannah_College_of_Art_and_Design) . [4] (#cite_note-4) History [ edit ] The event was founded in 2011 by Heidi Elnora, Jeana Lee Thompson to showcase local fashion talent. Starting as a one night show and later evolving into a three-day event. Notably, model Madeline Stuart (/wiki/Madeline_Stuart) , known for being the first professional model with Down syndrome (/wiki/Down_syndrome) opened the event in 2016. [5] (#cite_note-5) That same year, at the Boutwell Memorial Auditorium (/wiki/Boutwell_Memorial_Auditorium) [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) during the finale of the event, co-founder Heidi Elnora revealed that if the event failed to gain new financial backing, that it would not be able to return the following year. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) See also [ edit ] List of fashion events (/wiki/List_of_fashion_events) List of fashion events in the United States (/wiki/List_of_fashion_events_in_the_United_States) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Williams, Emily (2016-08-23). "The Cutting Edge: Birmingham Fashion Week Showcases Local and National Talent" (https://www.otmj.com/birmingham-fashion-week-2016/) . Over the Mountain Journal . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230626193123/https://www.otmj.com/birmingham-fashion-week-2016/) from the original on 2023-06-26 . Retrieved 2023-06-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Cahaba Heights designer to take part in Birmingham Fashion Week" (https://vestaviavoice.com/api/content/4fe02f02-b919-11e3-8e7b-1231380a02d9/) . VestaviaVoice.com . 2014-03-31. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230626200751/https://vestaviavoice.com/news/cahaba-heights-retailer-to-take-part-in-birmingham-fashion-w/) from the original on 2023-06-26 . Retrieved 2023-06-26 . ^ Jump up to: a b Moore, Tamika (2016-08-28). "Birmingham Fashion Week 2016 ends, could be the last" (https://www.al.com/entertainment/2016/08/birmingham_fashion_week_2016_c.html) . al . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230626195134/https://www.al.com/entertainment/2016/08/birmingham_fashion_week_2016_c.html) from the original on 2023-06-26 . Retrieved 2023-06-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Techo, Erica (2016-08-29). "Mountain Brook student selected for SCAD scholarship at Birmingham Fashion Week" (https://www.villagelivingonline.com/api/content/f7df7abc-6e0e-11e6-9484-0a53cdaf7da3/) . villagelivingonline.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230626200103/https://www.villagelivingonline.com/people/mbhs-student-selected-for-scholarship829/) from the original on 2023-06-26 . Retrieved 2023-06-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Tomberlin, Michael (2016-08-25). "Special international model to kick off Birmingham Fashion Week" (https://alabamanewscenter.com/2016/08/25/special-international-model-kick-off-birmingham-fashion-week/) . Alabama News Center . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230626195844/https://www.alabamanewscenter.com/2016/08/25/special-international-model-kick-off-birmingham-fashion-week/) from the original on 2023-06-26 . Retrieved 2023-06-26 . 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Simone Cipriani Simone Cipriani Born 1964 (age 59–60) Tuscany, Italy Occupation(s) Head, Poor Communities & Trade Programme, Chief Technical Advisor, Ethical Fashion Initiative for the International Trade Centre (UN agency). Chair, UN Alliance for Sustainable Fashion. Known for International Development, Ethical Fashion, Sustainable Fashion, Public Speaking, Informal Economy, Artisanal Production Simone Cipriani (born 1964) is an officer of the United Nations (/wiki/United_Nations) . He created and he manages the Ethical Fashion Initiative of the International Trade Centre (ITC), [1] (#cite_note-1) which is a joint agency of the United Nations (/wiki/United_Nations) and the WTO (/wiki/WTO) . He is the Chair of the Steering Committee of the UN Alliance for Sustainable Fashion. [2] (#cite_note-2) Career overview [ edit ] Simone Cipriani was born in Pistoia, Tuscany (/wiki/Tuscany) , Italy, and completed his studies in Political Sciences and International Economy at the University of Florence. The Ethical Fashion Initiative [ edit ] The idea for The Ethical Fashion Initiative was born when Cipriani was introduced to skilled artisans living in the slums of Nairobi, Kenya. After a successful one-year trial, the Ethical Fashion Initiative became an ongoing United Nations (/wiki/United_Nations) project. [3] (#cite_note-autogenerated1-3) The Ethical Fashion Initiative represents a new way of doing business in the fashion sector, making it possible for communities in slums and impoverished rural areas to be part of the international value chain of fashion. [4] (#cite_note-4) It empowers women by generating work, allowing them to become micro-entrepreneurs. [5] (#cite_note-5) This is achieved through a business support infrastructure that facilitates fair collaboration with fashion houses and large distributors. [6] (#cite_note-6) The Ethical Fashion Initiative also supports and promotes emerging design talent from Africa. Underpinning its success is an economic system designed to work in areas of deprivation. Because of this system of logistics The Ethical Fashion Initiative is able to work over a vast geographical area, both in slums and disadvantaged rural areas. Cipriani is responsible for this system which has been praised by The Economist. [7] (#cite_note-7) Personal life [ edit ] Cipriani has three daughters with his wife Stefania Gori. He is connected by marriage to the Collezione Gori [8] (#cite_note-8) of Tuscany, which houses site-specific artworks, including sculptures by Daniel Buren (/wiki/Daniel_Buren) and Sol LeWitt (/wiki/Sol_LeWitt) . [3] (#cite_note-autogenerated1-3) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "ITC Home" (http://www.intracen.org/) . Intracen.org . Retrieved 2013-11-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Home" (https://unfashionalliance.org/) . The UN Alliance for Sustainable Fashion . Retrieved 2020-11-24 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Ethical fashion? No, it's not an oxymoron" (http://www.afr.com/p/lifestyle/afrmagazine/ethical_fashion_no_it_not_an_oxymoron_v6ggLGqlrS9vUI8mCcGF4N) . Afr.com . Retrieved 2013-11-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Touched by human hands, The New York Times, September 4, 2012 ^ (#cite_ref-5) "A Matchmaker Helps Artisans Find Luxury Jobs" (https://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/15/fashion/a-matchmaker-helps-artisans-find-luxury-jobs.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . Retrieved 2013-11-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Amed, Imran (2011-07-13). "The Long View | Simone Cipriani Says Ethical Fashion is Good Business - BoF" (http://www.businessoffashion.com/2011/07/the-long-view-simone-cipriani-says-ethical-fashion-is-good-business.html) . The Business of Fashion . Retrieved 2013-11-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Fashion: Kenya on the catwalk" (https://www.economist.com/news/business/21573155-africa-still-better-craftsmanship-mass-production-kenya-catwalk) . The Economist. 2013-03-09 . Retrieved 2013-11-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Collezione Gori - Fattoria di Celle" (http://www.goricoll.it/) . Goricoll.it . Retrieved 2013-11-13 . 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Latvian model This biography of a living person (/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons) needs additional citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help by adding reliable sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) . Contentious material (/wiki/Wikipedia:BLPREMOVE) about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced (/wiki/Wikipedia:QUESTIONABLE) must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous (/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel) . Find sources: "Ieva Lagūna" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Ieva+Lag%C5%ABna%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Ieva+Lag%C5%ABna%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Ieva+Lag%C5%ABna%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Ieva+Lag%C5%ABna%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Ieva+Lag%C5%ABna%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Ieva+Lag%C5%ABna%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( March 2019 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Ieva Lagūna Ieva Lagūna in 2014 Born ( 1990-06-06 ) 6 June 1990 (age 34) [1] (#cite_note-FMD-1) Saldus (/wiki/Saldus) , Latvia (/wiki/Latvia) Occupation Model Years active 2007–present Modeling information Height 1.77 m (5 ft 9 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) [1] (#cite_note-FMD-1) Hair color Dark blonde Eye color Green Agency Supreme Management (New York) Elite Model Management (/wiki/Elite_Model_Management) (Paris) Women Management (/wiki/Women_Management) (Milan) Select Model Management (/wiki/Select_Model_Management) (London) Uno Models (Barcelona) Starsystem (/wiki/Starsystem) (Geneve) Modelink (Gothenburg) Model Management (Hamburg) Public Image Management (Montreal) MP Stockholm (Stockholm) [2] (#cite_note-2) Ieva Lagūna (born 6 June 1990) is a Latvian model (/wiki/Model_(person)) . Lagūna participated in 2011 Victoria's Secret Fashion Show (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show) . [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) Biography [ edit ] Lagūna was born in Saldus (/wiki/Saldus) , Latvia (/wiki/Latvia) , and began her modeling career in 2007 when she was scouted during the MTV/B-day festival in Riga by Nils Raumanis, the founder of DANDY model management. [ citation needed ] She later signed with WOMEN model management in Milan. Her runway debut was at the Spring 2008 London fashion Week in the Burberry (/wiki/Burberry) anniversary fashion show. In 2008 she signed with model agency Women Management Paris and SUPREME Model Management in New York. Laguna has since walked in shows for designers such as Shiatzy Chen (/wiki/Shiatzy_Chen) , Christian Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior) , Nina Ricci (/wiki/Nina_Ricci_(brand)) , Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) , Victoria's Secret (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret) , Versace (/wiki/Versace) , Carolina Herrera (/wiki/Carolina_Herrera_(fashion_designer)) , and Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors) . Laguna has been featured on the cover of Vogue Germany , Vogue Greece , Rush magazine, Elle France , and Marie Claire Italy. References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "Ieva Laguna" (http://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/Ieva_Laguna/) . Fashionmodeldirectory . Retrieved 15 November 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "StackPath" (https://models.com/models/ieva-laguna) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Latviete Ieva Lagūna kļuvusi par "Victoria's Secret" seju" (http://www.kasjauns.lv/lv/zinas/63965/latviete-ieva-laguna-kluvusi-par-victorias-secret-seju) (in Latvian). Kas Jauns!. 13 November 2011 . Retrieved 15 November 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Latviete kļuvusi par seksīgo "Victoria's Secret" eņģeli" (https://web.archive.org/web/20111129192817/http://www.apollo.lv/portal/fun/articles/255793) (in Latvian). Apollo.lv. 14 November 2011. Archived from the original (http://www.apollo.lv/portal/fun/articles/255793) on 29 November 2011 . Retrieved 30 November 2011 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ieva Lagūna (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ieva_Lag%C5%ABna) . Ieva Lagūna (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm5435932/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Ieva Lagūna (https://models.com/models/ieva-laguna) on Models.com Ieva Lagūna (https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/ieva_laguna/) at Fashion Model Directory (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/1025158070704008780004) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐tptsh Cached time: 20240720180003 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.625 seconds Real time usage: 0.857 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2783/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 40557/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 6277/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 26422/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.443/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 8239576/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 808.082 1 -total 34.48% 278.657 1 Template:Infobox_model 17.23% 139.219 1 Template:Reflist 14.27% 115.326 4 Template:Cite_web 11.64% 94.090 1 Template:Authority_control 10.80% 87.243 1 Template:Short_description 10.33% 83.439 1 Template:BLP_sources 9.36% 75.661 1 Template:Ambox 8.22% 66.464 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age 6.71% 54.209 1 Template:Commons_category Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:33757702-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720180003 and revision id 1216004407. 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Fashion artist and illustrator Louise Wright Louise Wright sitting at her easel in 1917 or 1918 Born ( 1863-09-05 ) 5 September 1863 Leeds (/wiki/Leeds) , Yorkshire (/wiki/Yorkshire) , England (/wiki/England) Nationality English (/wiki/People_of_England) Occupation Fashion Illustrator Known for Establishing the vogue for fashion catalogues Signature Louise Wright (born 5 September 1863) was a fashion illustrator. Four of her six siblings were also professional artists. They were all born in Leeds, and almost all of them later moved to London. Biography [ edit ] Wright was born in Leeds, Yorkshire, England, on 5 September 1863, and baptised in Holbeck Parish, Leeds, on 7 October 1863. [1] (#cite_note-Baptism-LWright-1) She is sometimes confused with the Louise Wright (b. 1875 Philadelphia, USA) who married John W. Wright (1857–1933), the watercolourist and etcher. [2] (#cite_note-Houfe-1996-2) : 357 [3] (#cite_note-Johnson-Greutzner-1986-561-3) [note 1] (#cite_note-4) Wright's father was George Edward Wright (24 February 1834 [4] (#cite_note-Baptism-GEWright-5) – 11 November 1916), [5] (#cite_note-Probate-GEWright-6) an accountant and Elizabeth Scott (c. 1840 – 31 May 1916), [6] (#cite_note-Grave-EWright-7) the daughter or Thomas Scott (born c. 1804), variously a railway engineer and a commission agent. George Edward and Elizabeth had married on 22 August 1859 in St' Jude's Church at Hunslet (/wiki/Hunslet) , Leeds (/wiki/Leeds) , Yorkshire (/wiki/Yorkshire) , England (/wiki/England) . [7] (#cite_note-Mge-GEWright-EScott-8) [8] (#cite_note-Mge-Notice-GEWright-EScott-9) George Edward Wright and Elizabeth Scott had seven children, five of whom were professional artists: George Wright (/wiki/George_Wright_(artist)) , (30 June 1860 [9] (#cite_note-Register-GWright-10) – 11 March 1944 [10] (#cite_note-Probate-GWright-11) ) a noted painter of hunting and coaching scenes. [11] (#cite_note-Wood-1978-531-12) [note 3] (#cite_note-18) Louise Wright, the subject of this article. Mabel Wright, born on 26 May 1867. [16] (#cite_note-Baptism-MWright-19) One of only two siblings who were not professional artists. [note 7] (#cite_note-30) Ethel Wright, born 11 October 1870, [23] (#cite_note-Register-LWright-29) was the second of the sibling who was not a professional artist. She was living with her sisteres at 131 Woodham lane in September 1939. Constance Wright (5 March 1877 [23] (#cite_note-Register-LWright-29) – second quarter of 1973), [24] (#cite_note-Dth-Ndx-CWright-31) described as a fashion artist in the 1911 census. [note 9] (#cite_note-41) Philip Wright, (c. 2 February 1878 [note 10] (#cite_note-42) – 11 July 1926), [note 11] (#cite_note-45) described as a fashion artist in the 1901 and the 1911 census. [note 12] (#cite_note-47) [note 13] (#cite_note-52) Gilbert Scott Wright (/wiki/Gilbert_Scott_Wright) , (24 July 1880 – 1958), [40] (#cite_note-GSWright-Hayes-Bio-53) an artist who worked with his brother George in his early years and also painted sporting and coaching scenes. [40] (#cite_note-GSWright-Hayes-Bio-53) He served as executor for his brother Philip, [33] (#cite_note-Probate-PWright-43) and for his parents. [5] (#cite_note-Probate-GEWright-6) [12] (#cite_note-Probate-REWright-13) Wright seems never to have married. She was living at 131 Woodham Lane, Addlestone (/wiki/Addlestone) , Surrey at the time of the 1939 Register (/wiki/1939_Register) , at the house of her sister and brother-in-law, together with her sisters Ethel and Mabel. [23] (#cite_note-Register-LWright-29) It is not clear when she died. The most likely record in the UK Death Index is a Louise Wright whose death was registered in North Surrey in the first quarter of 1944, aged 79. [41] (#cite_note-Dth-Ndx-Poss-LWright-54) Louise would have been aged 80 at the time, but errors in such dates are not exceptional, especially as Louise's notional year of birth from Census data was 1868. Work [ edit ] Wright, like the rest of her family, had no formal training in art, and their abilities developed entirely on their professional needs. [35] (#cite_note-Bradshaw-Wright-46) : 5 As a child, Wright spent most of her playtime designing dresses for her dolls. [35] (#cite_note-Bradshaw-Wright-46) : 6 In 1891 the family was living at 6 Chestnut Ave, Headingley, in Leeds. However, there was little future there for the fashion illustrators in the family [note 14] (#cite_note-55) and the family moved to London. In 1901 the Family were living at 33 St. German's Road, Forest Hill, London. By 1911, Wright was living at Kirklees, 99 Honor Oak Park, with her parents, and her siblings Constance and Gilbert Scott. Wright's first fashion work offered for sale was a series of watercolour designs for display in the windows of women's dress shops. This gained her an appointment as a designer for a costumier and soon after was offered commissions by Alfred Vivian Mansell & Co. [note 15] (#cite_note-58) for whom she produced her first fashion catalogue. Soon she was so busy that her brother Gilbert Scott Wright (/wiki/Gilbert_Scott_Wright) had to come to her assistance, and soon the whole family was engaged in fashion drawing. [35] (#cite_note-Bradshaw-Wright-46) : 6 Wright spent a year as the chief staff artist for Queen (/wiki/Queen_(magazine)) for a year. [35] (#cite_note-Bradshaw-Wright-46) : 7 Example of her work [ edit ] The following illustrations are from The Art of the Illustrator (/wiki/Percy_Bradshaw#The_art_of_the_illustrator) . The first stage drawing is very faint as it was done in soft pencil and the ink may have faded over time. First stage Second stage Third stage Fourth stage Fifth stage Final illustration Assessment [ edit ] Wright was one of the leading illustrators selected by Percy Bradshaw (/wiki/Percy_Bradshaw) for inclusion in his The Art of the Illustrator (/wiki/Percy_Bradshaw#The_art_of_the_illustrator) which presented a separate portfolio for each of twenty illustrators. The portfolio contained: a brief biography of Wright, an illustration of Wright at work in her studio, a sample of Wright's signature, an explanation of Wright's method of working-up the attached plates. The final plate showing an illustration typical of her work and five other plates showed the work at five earlier stages of its production, from the first rough to the just before the finished drawing or colour sketch. [44] (#cite_note-Art-Illustrator-Review-59) Wright's illustration is shown in the example above. Bradshaw said that Louise and her siblings Wrights started the vogue for the beautifully illustrated Fashion Catalogues which have been issued by drapers, costumiers, tailors, etc., in recent years. and that this work kept the family perpetually busy. He further said that Wright had been responsible for a great deal of the best Fashion work which has been produced in this country and that her work was known and appreciated by users of Fashion drawing everywhere. [35] (#cite_note-Bradshaw-Wright-46) : 7 Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-4) Houfe's Dictionary of 19th Century British Book Illustrators and Caricaturists (1996) confuses the Leeds Louise Wright and the Philadelphia Louise Wright. His entry for Louise Wright provides biographical details for the Philadelphia Wright, but then links these to illustrations by the Leeds Wright [2] (#cite_note-Houfe-1996-2) : 31 , and to The Art of the Illustrator (/wiki/Percy_Bradshaw#The_art_of_the_illustrator) portfolio about the Leeds Louise Wright. [2] (#cite_note-Houfe-1996-2) : 357 ^ (#cite_ref-14) She gives her date of birth in the 1939 Register (/wiki/1939_Register) as 14 December 1864. However, her baptismal records show that she was baptised on 27 April 1864, and born on 14 December 1863. ^ (#cite_ref-18) George married Rose Ellen Tribe (14 December 1864 [9] (#cite_note-Register-GWright-10) – 13 November 1943 [12] (#cite_note-Probate-REWright-13) ) [note 2] (#cite_note-14) of Leeds, the daughter of Edward Tribe, (born c.1817) a publican and Kezia Tribe (born c. 1925), on 30 March 1885 at the parish church of Wrangthorn, Yorkshire. [13] (#cite_note-Mge-GWright-RETribe-15) The couple had two daughters: Florence Bensley Wright, born 16 December 1886. [14] (#cite_note-School-FBWright-16) Enid Wright, baptised 1 June 1888. [15] (#cite_note-Baptism-EWright-17) ^ (#cite_ref-21) Tennant was from the Sheffield family of brewers of that name. [17] (#cite_note-Tenant-Cambridge-20) ^ (#cite_ref-23) While his birth was registered in the last quarter of 1869, his age is shown as two on the 1871 census. If he had been born in the last quarter of 1869 he could only have been 18 months old at the time of the census. ^ (#cite_ref-25) The reason for the lack of certainty is that while the age, first name, and initial match, no corroborating probate or newspaper records were found. It appears that Maud had remarried by 1939. ^ (#cite_ref-30) She married Bertie Neville Tennant [note 4] (#cite_note-21) (birth registered in the last quarter of 1869 [18] (#cite_note-Bth-Ndx-BNTennant-22) [note 5] (#cite_note-23) – probably in the first quarter of 1927 [19] (#cite_note-Dth-Ndx-Poss-BNTennant-24) [note 6] (#cite_note-25) ). The couple were married at St Martin-in-the-Fields (/wiki/St_Martin-in-the-Fields) , London, on 24 January 1891. [20] (#cite_note-Mge-Notice-BNTennant-Mwright-26) [21] (#cite_note-Mge-Ndx-BNTennant-27) [22] (#cite_note-Mge-Ndx-MWright-28) In 1939 a Mabel Marston, a widow with the same date of birth as Mabel Wright, was living with the three sister's Louise, Ethel, and Constance, at the Best family home at 131 Woodham Lane, Richmond, Surrey. [23] (#cite_note-Register-LWright-29) This suggests that Mabel had remarried and been widowed for a second time. [20] (#cite_note-Mge-Notice-BNTennant-Mwright-26) [21] (#cite_note-Mge-Ndx-BNTennant-27) [22] (#cite_note-Mge-Ndx-MWright-28) In 1939 a Mabel Marston, a widow with the same date of birth as Mabel Wright, was living with the three sister's Louise, Ethel, and Constance, at the Best family home at 131 Woodham Lane, Richmond, Surrey. [23] (#cite_note-Register-LWright-29) This suggests that Mabel had remarried and been widowed for a second time. ^ (#cite_ref-40) Best had already served five years in the reserve from 1903. [32] (#cite_note-Army-Reserve-CABest-39) He enlisted on 17 October 1914, was promoted to Corporal on 1 February 1915, promoted to acting Lance Sergeant on 15 July 1915, and to acting Quartermaster Sergeant on 13 August 1916. He demobilised on 18 March 1919. His initial posting was in the 24th (County of London) Battalion (The Queen's) (/wiki/24th_(County_of_London)_Battalion_(The_Queen%27s)) , but was immediately transferred to the 7th (City of London) Battalion, London Regiment (/wiki/7th_(City_of_London)_Battalion,_London_Regiment) and eventually, on 29 April 1916, to the Royal Defence Corps (/wiki/Royal_Defence_Corps) (where his regimental number was 3 - indicating that he was the third person to be enlisted in that Corps). He was usually placed on the Headquarters Staff of the units he served in. [26] (#cite_note-Army-CABest-33) ^ (#cite_ref-41) She married insurance broker Cecil Arthur Best (22 September 1881 [23] (#cite_note-Register-LWright-29) – 7 July 1959 [25] (#cite_note-Probate-CABest-32) ) on 28 October 1911, at St Augustine's, Honor Oak (/wiki/Honor_Oak) Park. The couple had at least one child, a boy, [26] (#cite_note-Army-CABest-33) Anthony Allen Best (15 April 1913 [27] (#cite_note-Bth-Ndx-AAWright-34) [28] (#cite_note-Dth-Ndx-AABest-35) – 24 March 1998 [29] (#cite_note-Dth-Ndx-Grey-AABest-36) [30] (#cite_note-Probate-AABest-37) ), who also became an insurance broker. [25] (#cite_note-Probate-CABest-32) . Their life was interrupted by the first World War, but Best served at home throughout, [26] (#cite_note-Army-CABest-33) winning the Meritorious Service Medal (/wiki/Meritorious_Service_Medal_(United_Kingdom)) for his service. [31] (#cite_note-Medals-CABest-38) [note 8] (#cite_note-40) ^ (#cite_ref-42) Date of birth calculated from Army Records, as he gave his age as 37 years and 313 days when enlisting on 12 December 1915. ^ (#cite_ref-45) His probate record [33] (#cite_note-Probate-PWright-43) gives his date of death as 11 July 1926, while his grave marker gives it as 12 July 1926. [34] (#cite_note-Grave-PWright-44) ^ (#cite_ref-47) Bradshaw said that he concentrated on Fashion after a good deal of experience as a general illustrator [35] (#cite_note-Bradshaw-Wright-46) : 5 ^ (#cite_ref-52) He married Marion Broughton Barrett on 4 June 1910. [36] (#cite_note-Mge-Ndx-PWright-48) [37] (#cite_note-Mge-Ndx-MBBarrett-49) The couple had a son, David, born on 12 December 1912 at home at 12 Gaynesford Road, Forest Hill. [38] (#cite_note-Bth-Ndx-DWright-50) [39] (#cite_note-Army-PWright-51) Philip enlisted on 12 December 1915, and was immediately assigned to the Army Reserve. He was mobilised on 4 December 1916 as a Gunner in the Royal Garrison Artillery. He saw service in Italy with 6 inch siege batteries No. 317 and No. 390, and was demobilised in March 1919. [39] (#cite_note-Army-PWright-51) He is buried with his parents at Dulwich (/wiki/Dulwich) Old Cemetery in London. [34] (#cite_note-Grave-PWright-44) ^ (#cite_ref-55) Louise, Constance, and Philip all worked on fashion illustration. ^ (#cite_ref-58) A. Vivian Mansell and Co. were a publishers and printers, chiefly of postcards and posters, but who also produced calendars, and a series of colour prints by leading artists. [42] (#cite_note-Mansell-Museum-56) [43] (#cite_note-Mansell-Grace-57) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Baptism-LWright_1-0) West Yorkshire Archive Service (3 July 1905). "Baptism solemnized in the Parish of Holbeck in the County of York in the Year 1863: Yorkshire Parish Records; New Reference Number: RDP42/6". West Yorkshire, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1910 . Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com. ^ Jump up to: a b c Houfe, Simon (1996). Dictionary of 19th Century British Book Illustrators and Caricaturists . Woodbridge: Antique Collectors' Club. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1-85149-193-7 . ^ (#cite_ref-Johnson-Greutzner-1986-561_3-0) Johnson, J.; Greutzner, A. (8 June 1905). The Dictionary of British Artists 1880-1940 . Woodbridge: Antique Collectors' Club. p. 561. ^ (#cite_ref-Baptism-GEWright_5-0) West Yorkshire Archive Service (3 July 1905). "Yorkshire Parish Records; New Reference Number: RDP68/3A/9". West Yorkshire, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1910 . Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com. ^ Jump up to: a b "Wills and Probates 1858-1996: Pages for Wright and the year of death 1917" (https://probatesearch.service.gov.uk/Calendar?surname=Wright&yearOfDeath=1917&page=5#calendar) . Find a Will Service . Retrieved 9 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Grave-EWright_7-0) "Elizabeth Wright: Died: 31 May 1916" (https://billiongraves.com/grave/Elizabeth-Wright/3901110) . Billion Graves . Retrieved 10 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Mge-GEWright-EScott_8-0) West Yorkshire Archive Service (3 July 1905). "Marriage Solemnized at the new Parish Church in the New Parish of St. Jude, Pottery Field, Hunslet in the county of York: George Edward Wright: Yorkshire Parish Records; Reference Number: RDP44/15/1". West Yorkshire, England, Church of England Marriages and Banns 1813-1935 . Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com. ^ (#cite_ref-Mge-Notice-GEWright-EScott_9-0) "Marriages" (https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000336/18590827/053/0008) . Leeds Times (Saturday 27 August 1859): 8. 27 August 1859 . Retrieved 9 September 2020 – via The British Newspaper Archive (/wiki/British_Newspaper_Archive) . ^ Jump up to: a b National Archives (29 September 1939). 1939 Register: Reference: RG 101/1379A: E.D. CNET . Kew: National Archives. ^ (#cite_ref-Probate-GWright_11-0) "Wills and Probates 1858-1996: Pages for Wright and the year of death 1944" (https://probatesearch.service.gov.uk/Calendar?surname=Wright&yearOfDeath=1944&page=10#calendar) . Find a Will Service . Retrieved 9 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Wood-1978-531_12-0) Woods, Christopher (1978). The Dictionary of Victorian Painters (2nd ed.). Woodbridge: Antique Collectors' Club. p. 531. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-902028-72-2 . Retrieved 9 September 2020 – via The Internet Archive (/wiki/Internet_Archive) . ^ Jump up to: a b "Wills and Probates 1858-1996: Pages for Wright and the year of death 1944" (https://probatesearch.service.gov.uk/Calendar?surname=Wright&yearOfDeath=1944&page=18#calendar) . Find a Will Service . Retrieved 9 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Mge-GWright-RETribe_15-0) West Yorkshire Archive Service (3 July 1905). "1885 Marriage Solemnized at the Parish Church in the Parish of Wrangthron in the county of York: George Wright: Yorkshire Parish Records; Reference Number: RDP112/2/1". West Yorkshire, England, Church of England Marriages and Banns 1813-1935 . Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com. ^ (#cite_ref-School-FBWright_16-0) London Metropolitan Archives (2 July 1905). "Admission and Discharge Register for Girls: Reference LCC/EO/DIV02/STE/AD/002". School Admission and Discharge Registers . Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com. ^ (#cite_ref-Baptism-EWright_17-0) West Yorkshire Archive Service (3 July 1905). "Baptism solemnized in the Parish of Wrangthron in the County of York in the Year 1888: Yorkshire Parish Records; New Reference Number: RDP112/1/1". West Yorkshire, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1910 . Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com. ^ (#cite_ref-Baptism-MWright_19-0) West Yorkshire Archive Service (3 July 1905). "Baptism solemnized in the Parish of Leeds, District Chapelry of St Paul's in the County of York in the Year 1867: 22 June 1867: Mabel Wright: Yorkshire Parish Records: New Reference Number: RDP58/9". West Yorkshire, England, Church of England Births and Baptisms, 1813-1910 . Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com. ^ (#cite_ref-Tenant-Cambridge_20-0) "Searching for Surname=tennant; Forename=robert james" (http://venn.lib.cam.ac.uk/cgi-bin/search-2018.pl?sur=Tennant&suro=w&fir=Robert+James&firo=c&cit=&cito=c&c=all&z=all&tex=&sye=&eye=&col=all&maxcount=50) . A Cambridge Alumni Database . Retrieved 12 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Bth-Ndx-BNTennant_22-0) "Index entry" (https://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=FAyNBXoFJRkVo%2Ft5v5t2fw&scan=1) . FreeBMD . ONS . Retrieved 12 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Dth-Ndx-Poss-BNTennant_24-0) "Index entry" (https://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=qmsq5KwXtRGbQvyHsTwWAA&scan=1) . FreeBMD . ONS . Retrieved 12 September 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Marriages" (https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000206/18910128/129/0008) . Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser (/wiki/Manchester_Courier) (Wednesday 28 January 1891): 8. 28 January 1891 . Retrieved 12 September 2020 – via The British Newspaper Archive (/wiki/British_Newspaper_Archive) . ^ Jump up to: a b "Index entry" (https://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=fTMSHlFVGwwHuXjii1buIQ&scan=1) . FreeBMD . ONS . Retrieved 10 September 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Index entry" (https://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=8qc9fWqfXSsUOCvoRdn1AQ&scan=1) . FreeBMD . ONS . Retrieved 10 September 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f National Archives (29 September 1939). 1939 Register: Reference: RG 101/1880G: E.D. DMCS . Kew: National Archives. ^ (#cite_ref-Dth-Ndx-CWright_31-0) "Index entry" (https://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=bELrlh9JIoOAKFpNz3hCig&scan=1) . FreeBMD . ONS . Retrieved 12 September 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Wills and Probates 1858-1996: Pages for Best and the year of death 1959" (https://probatesearch.service.gov.uk/Calendar?surname=best&yearOfDeath=1959&page=2#calendar) . Find a Will Service . Retrieved 12 September 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b c The National Archives (30 June 1905). "Best, Cecil Arthur: First three letters BES, images 3422-3441". UK, British Army World War I Service Records, 1914-1920 . Lehi, Utah: Ancestry.com. ^ (#cite_ref-Bth-Ndx-AAWright_34-0) "Index entry" (https://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=6FmzLeNRteSj6FKX44cWRw&scan=1) . FreeBMD . ONS . Retrieved 12 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Dth-Ndx-AABest_35-0) "Anthony Allen Best: DoB 15 Apr 1913: District Haywards Heath: Reg Mar 1998". England & Wales, Civil Registration Death Index, 1916-2007 . Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com. 29 June 1905. ^ (#cite_ref-Dth-Ndx-Grey-AABest_36-0) "GreyPower Deceased Data; compiled by Wilmington Millennium; West Yorkshire, England; England and Wales Death Indexes: Anthony A Best, Hassocks, West Suxxex, England, BN6, 1 March 1998". England and Wales, Death Index, 1989-2019 . Provo, Utah: Ancestry.com. 6 July 1905. ^ (#cite_ref-Probate-AABest_37-0) "Wills and Probate 1996 to present: 79 results with the name BEST and the year of death 1998" (https://probatesearch.service.gov.uk/Wills?Surname=best&SurnameGrants=best&YearOfDeath=1998&YearOfDeathGrants=1998&IsGrantSearch=True&IsCalendarSearch=False&sort=FirstName&sortdir=DESC#wills) . Find a Will Service . Retrieved 12 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Medals-CABest_38-0) War Office - Armed Forces Service Records. "Medal card of Best, Cecil Arthur Corps: Royal Defence Corps Regiment No: 3, Ref: WO 372/24/82901" (https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/D6322786) . The National Archives . Kew: National Archives . Retrieved 12 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Army-Reserve-CABest_39-0) The National Archives (2 July 1905). "Best, Cecil Arthur: First three letteres BES, images 1162-1165: WO364; Piece: 239". UK, British Army World War I Pension Records 1914-1920 . Lehi, Utah: Ancestry.com. ^ Jump up to: a b "Wills and Probates 1858-1996: Pages for Wright and the year of death 1926" (https://probatesearch.service.gov.uk/Calendar?surname=wright&yearOfDeath=1926&page=10#calendar) . Find a Will Service . Retrieved 10 September 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Philip Wright: Died: 12 Jul 1926" (https://billiongraves.com/grave/Philip-Wright/3901112) . Billion Graves . Retrieved 10 September 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Bradshaw, Percy Venner (/wiki/Wright) ; Louise (1918). The Art of the Illustrator: Louise Wright and her Work . Retrieved 10 September 2020 – via The Internet Archive (/wiki/Internet_Archive) . ^ (#cite_ref-Mge-Ndx-PWright_48-0) "Index entry" (https://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=rsRx%2BXKjcXAKR1jPVuDCsw&scan=1) . FreeBMD . ONS . Retrieved 10 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Mge-Ndx-MBBarrett_49-0) "Index entry" (https://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=8Mml9cbUp5U6ZFaGw6R4cQ&scan=1) . FreeBMD . ONS . Retrieved 10 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Bth-Ndx-DWright_50-0) "Index entry" (https://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=NHETRC7qULBmcyW8HDhfwA&scan=1) . FreeBMD . ONS . Retrieved 10 September 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b The National Archives (30 June 1905). "Wright, Philip: First three letteres WRI, images 61256-61287". UK, British Army World War I Service Records, 1914-1920 . Lehi, Utah: Ancestry.com. ^ Jump up to: a b Haves Fine Art. "Artist Biography: Gilbert Scott Wright" (http://www.haynesfineart.com/artists/gilbert-scott-wright-uk) . Hayes Fine Art . Retrieved 10 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Dth-Ndx-Poss-LWright_54-0) "Index entry" (https://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=pjx%2FgAu35nqBl2%2FjYRjvPg&scan=1) . FreeBMD . ONS . Retrieved 11 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Mansell-Museum_56-0) "A Vivian Mansell & Co" (https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG185588) . British Museum . Retrieved 11 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Mansell-Grace_57-0) "A. Vivian Mansell and Co" (https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/A._Vivian_Mansell_and_Co) . Grace's Guide to British Industrial History . Retrieved 11 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Art-Illustrator-Review_59-0) "The Connisseur Bookself" (https://archive.org/details/connoisseur51londuoft) . The Connoisseur: An Illustrated Magazine for Collectors (/wiki/The_Connoisseur_(magazine)) . 51 (204): 223. 1 August 1918 . Retrieved 12 August 2020 – via The Internet Archive (/wiki/Internet_Archive) . External links [ edit ] The family home (https://www.google.com/maps/@51.4500699,-0.0477478,3a,40.8y,201.24h,95.67t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1slh3N5RjIGKyzkP0UMYklnA!2e0!7i16384!8i8192) at the time of the 1911 Census on Google Streetview (/wiki/Google_Streetview) . 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Ghanaian female entrepreneur This article is an orphan (/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan) , as no other articles link to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=Israella_Kafui_Mansu&namespace=0) . Please introduce links (/wiki/Help:Link) to this page from related articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=Israella+Kafui+Mansu&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=Israella+Kafui+Mansu) ; try the Find link tool (https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=Israella_Kafui_Mansu) for suggestions. ( August 2015 ) Israella Kafui Mansu (born 26 October 1985) is a Ghanaian female entrepreneur, [1] (#cite_note-1) actress, [2] (#cite_note-2) Founder and CEO of Mansuki Ghana Limited (MGL). [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) Early life [ edit ] Israella Kafui Mansu was born on 26 October 1985 in Sogakope (/wiki/Sogakope) in Ghana and moved to Liberia with the family whiles young. Unfortunately it was during that period that the war broke in Liberia so the family moved back to Ghana. At age 6 she enrolled in Sogasco Primary in Sogakope, moved to Dabala Primary and JHS and later St. Francis Demonstration JHS in Hohoe, where she took her BECE all due to the transfers her mother had to go through as a school matron. After successfully passing her exams, she gained admission into Anfoega Senior High School in the Kpando District to study Home Economics and completed her tertiary education at the University of Ghana (/wiki/University_of_Ghana) , Legon (/wiki/Legon) with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Consumer Science (/wiki/Consumer_science) and Psychology (/wiki/Psychology) . [5] (#cite_note-5) Educational Achievements [ edit ] Whiles in school, Israella continues to distinguish herself among peers. Whiles Dabala JHS, the school selected her to represent them in the annual STME (Science Technology and Mathematics Education) program run by the government to empower young people especially girls and also represented her school in district examinations and competitions. In Anfoega SHS she also partook in an open literature competition meant for the whole school where she wrote a creative story and successfully placed third even when majority that took part were boys and seniors. Entrepreneurship [ edit ] Since 2009 Israella has built a reputed brand with her company on both the local and international market. As an entrepreneur, she researches into natural cosmetic products, design and commercialize them. [6] (#cite_note-6) After completing her National service duties in 2009, Israella thrived to get a job but to no avail. This circumstance motivated her and with as little capital of GHS300 which she gathered from savings during her National Service exercise she started her first company using her kitchen as a laboratory where she formulated and prepared the first few cosmetic products In an exclusive interview [7] (#cite_note-7) she had with Akpah Prince she said “In starting the company, I had two main visions in mind to make money to survive and create jobs to employ people because the rate of unemployment in the country now is just so high and pathetic, so these factors motivated me to start this very company”. Recognition [ edit ] In 2012, Israella participated in Enablis [8] (#cite_note-8) Ghana's Business Launch Pad competition and Ghana Startup Cup where she placed second and first runner-up respectively. In 2013 she was awarded at a ceremony in South Africa by the deputy minister of Trade and the European Women Inventors and Innovation Association in Sweden. In 2014 participated in the launch of the YES (http://www.yes.gov.gh) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180117193052/http://www.yes.gov.gh/) 2018-01-17 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) initiative by the Ghana government where she sat on right hand side of the president. She has featured on television shows in Ghana as well as documentaries on Young Entrepreneurs in Ghana and Africa. She has also participated the US Embassy Ghana programs and has shared her story on many speaking platforms. [9] (#cite_note-9) In 2016, her company, Mansuki Ghana Limited was shortlisted in the 2016 Ghana Startup Awards. [10] (#cite_note-10) In October 2018, she was nominated by the organizers of the Ghana Outstanding Women Awards. [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) She is also currently in the final six participants on the Ghana's Next Young Entrepreneurs Reality Show in Ghana. In 2021, she was nominated in the 2021 Forty under40 Awards. [13] (#cite_note-13) In 2022, she was awarded the Outstanding Young Female Entrepreneur of the Year at the 12th edition of the annual Ghana Entrepreneur and Corporate Executive Awards. [14] (#cite_note-14) Exports [ edit ] Leading in the production of Made in Ghana (/wiki/Ghana) goods, Israella occasionally exports her cosmetic products into other African countries, Asia (/wiki/Asia) , the US and the European (/wiki/Europe) markets. [15] (#cite_note-15) Her products go as far as pushing Ghana out there by raising the flag of Ghana very high. Conclusion [ edit ] Israella Kafui Mansu is passionate about solving developmental challenges, creating sustainable employment and coaching young entrepreneurs. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Quist, Ebenezer (2022-04-22). "Ghanaian lady turns small business under shed in 2009 into huge venture in 2022" (https://yen.com.gh/195814-israella-kafui-mansu-ghanaian-woman-turns-small-palm-oil-business-huge-venture-2021.html) . Yen.com.gh - Ghana news . Retrieved 2023-06-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Entsie, Berlinda M. (3 October 2018). "Ghana Outstanding Women Awards unveils nominees" (https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/ghana-outstanding-women-awards-reveals-nominees-for-its-maiden-edition.html) . Graphic Online . Retrieved 2 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Kplorfia, Juliana Ama (22 April 2017). "From the WomanWideAwake Series Spotlight on Israella Kafui Mansu" (https://www.modernghana.com/news/770448/from-the-womanwideawake-series-spotlight-on-israella-kafui-m.html) . Modern Ghana . Retrieved 2 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Dogbevi, Emmanuel (2016-12-21). "Company develops 20 cosmetic products from Shea butter" (https://www.ghanabusinessnews.com/2016/12/21/company-develops-20-cosmetic-products-from-shea-butter/) . Ghana Business News . Retrieved 2023-06-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "The Journey So Far With Israella Kafui Mansu" (https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/features/The-Journey-So-Far-With-Israella-Kafui-Mansu-332183) . GhanaWeb . 2014-10-27 . Retrieved 2023-06-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) " (https://www.bbc.com/news/av/business-38183420) 'I taught myself to make skincare products' (https://www.bbc.com/news/av/business-38183420) " (https://www.bbc.com/news/av/business-38183420) . BBC News . Retrieved 2023-06-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Africanviewpointjournal.com" (http://www.africanviewpointjournal.com/2014/10/the-journey-so-far-with-israella-kafui.html) . www.africanviewpointjournal.com . Retrieved 2017-12-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Enablis - Israella Kafui Mansu, Founder and CEO of Mansuki Ghana Limited (MGL)" (http://ghana.enablis.org/our-members/our-success-stories/ghana/israella-kafui-mansu.aspx) . ghana.enablis.org . Retrieved 2017-12-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "A Day Spent at Barclays Bank Unlocking Youth Opportunities" (http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=314846) . www.ghanaweb.com . Retrieved 2017-12-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Shortlist announced for 2016 Ghana Startup Awards" (https://www.pulse.com.gh/news/business/ghana-startups-shortlist-announced-for-2016-ghana-startup-awards/10fq3zq) . Pulse Ghana . 2016-04-11 . Retrieved 2023-06-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Dzido, Justice (2018-10-04). "Ghana Outstanding Women Awards Unveils Nominees" (https://www.thepublisheronline.com/ghana-outstanding-women-awards-unveils-nominees/) . The Publisher Online . Retrieved 2023-06-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "3 Multimedia Group journalists up for topmost GOWA awards - MyJoyOnline.com" (https://www.myjoyonline.com/3-multimedia-group-journalists-up-for-topmost-gowa-awards/) . www.myjoyonline.com . 2018-10-02 . Retrieved 2023-06-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) admin (2021-09-11). "Summary profile of 'Forty under40' award nominees" (https://www.thespectatoronline.com/summary-profile-of-forty-under40-award-nominees/) . The Spectator . Retrieved 2023-06-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Segbefia, Sedem (2022-03-31). "Togbe Afede XIV named 'Ghana's Greatest Entrepreneur of All Time' (https://thebftonline.com/2022/03/31/togbe-afede-xiv-named-ghanas-greatest-entrepreneur-of-all-time/) " (https://thebftonline.com/2022/03/31/togbe-afede-xiv-named-ghanas-greatest-entrepreneur-of-all-time/) . The Business & Financial Times . Retrieved 2023-06-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Enablis. "Enablis" (https://enablis.org/israella-kafui-mansu) . Enablis (in Canadian French) . Retrieved 2023-06-02 . External links [ edit ] Israella Kafui Mansu at Wikipedia's sister projects Quotations (https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Israella_Kafui_Mansu) from Wikiquote Data (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18352390) from Wikidata NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐69f74dcdf6‐qg9dd Cached time: 20240722001232 Cache expiry: 863249 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.297 seconds Real time usage: 0.428 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1007/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 34520/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1559/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 58508/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.200/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5961427/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 402.434 1 -total 39.46% 158.817 1 Template:Reflist 33.13% 133.317 14 Template:Cite_web 22.87% 92.033 1 Template:Sister_project_links 19.00% 76.462 1 Template:Short_description 14.60% 58.749 1 Template:Orphan 13.34% 53.697 1 Template:Draft_other 12.86% 51.751 1 Template:Ambox 11.20% 45.087 2 Template:Pagetype 5.36% 21.579 4 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:44210169-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722001232 and revision id 1205947808. 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Kellwood Apparel, LLC Company type Private Industry Apparel Founded 1961 Headquarters City of Industry, CA Key people David Falwell, CEO; Caren Belair Group President, Lifestyle & Juniors; Adrian Kowalewski, CFO; Henry Paradela , CIO; XiaoPei Chin , President of Production and Sourcing; Mary Yap , Director Human Resources. Products Apparel (/wiki/Apparel) Website Kellwood.com (http://www.Kellwood.com/) Kellwood Apparel is an American apparel manufacturer. Founded in 1961, Kellwood's portfolio of Women's, Juniors, and Girls' apparel includes Parker, Devlin, Briggs NY, Democracy, Jax, Rewind, My Michelle, and licensed brands. Kellwood became an affiliated company of Sun Capital Partners (/wiki/Sun_Capital_Partners) , Inc. in February 2008. In December 2016, Kellwood Company was acquired by an unnamed Hong Kong investor group for an undisclosed amount. [1] (#cite_note-1) History [ edit ] Formation in 1961 [ edit ] In 1961, fifteen independent suppliers of soft goods (/wiki/Soft_goods) to Sears, Roebuck and Co (/wiki/Sears) were merged to form Kellwood Company. Taking its name from two former Sears' executives, Charles H. Kellstadt and Robert E. Wood (/wiki/Robert_E._Wood) , The first officers included Maurice Perlstein, president and treasurer; Fred W. Wenzel, vice president; Stanley M. Guthunz, vice president; Ovide de St. Aubin, Jr., vice president; and Howard Michaelson, Jr., secretary. [2] (#cite_note-k-history-2) The 15 original companies were Ahoskie Manufacturing Co., Albert of Arizona, Biltmore Manufacturing Co., Calhoun Garment Co., Garver Manufacturing Co., Greenfield Manufacturing Co., Hawthorn Company, McComb Manufacturing Co., Monticello Manufacturing Co., Ottenheimer Bros. Manufacturing Co., Oxford Manufacturing Co., Rutherford Garment Co., Siler City Manufacturing Co., Southern Foundations, and Spencer Manufacturing Co. [3] (#cite_note-3) Growth [ edit ] The company experienced its greatest success under the leadership of William John McKenna, who served as COO and later CEO from 1982 to 1996. For Kellwood Company, McKenna acquired Smart Shirts, Cape Cod-Cricket Lane, American Recreation Products Ltd., Crowntuft Manufacturing Corporation, Slumberjack Inc., D Corporation Inc., California Ivy, Inc., A.J. Brandon, Inc., Parsons Place Apparel (now Sag Harbor), E Z Sportswear (now Melrose), En Chant'e Inc. (now ENC), Goodman Knitting Company, Inc., Dotti and Sierra Designs, and launched a Kathie Lee Gifford clothing label. Also under McKenna's term, Kellwood's sales surpassed $1 billion. [4] (#cite_note-4) In 1965, Bob Swanson and George Rudolph left Trailwise/Ski Hut [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) in Berkeley, California and founded Sierra Designs at 137 Tewksbury in Point Richmond. [7] (#cite_note-typef/sierra-designs-7) In 1968, Sierra Designs introduced the 60/40 Parka from a fabric with a blend of cotton (58%, warp (/wiki/Warp_and_weft) ) and nylon (42%, weft (/wiki/Warp_and_weft) ). [8] (#cite_note-8) In 2005, chairman Hal Upbin stepped down as the company's CEO, passing the title on to Kellwood's president, Robert Skinner. After he retired as a CEO, Upbin became Kellwood's adviser in specific areas such as mergers and acquisitions, strategic planning, and operational projects. [9] (#cite_note-9) In 2008, Gerber Childrenswear, a division of Kellwood Company, entered into a licensing agreement with Jockey International (/wiki/Jockey_International) . [10] (#cite_note-10) In 2012, Jill Granoff was appointed as Kellwood Company's CEO. [11] (#cite_note-11) Acquisitions [ edit ] In February 2008, Kellwood Company became an affiliated company of Sun Capital Partners, Inc. (/wiki/Sun_Capital) [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) In January 2010, Kellwood Company acquired ISIS, [14] (#cite_note-14) an award-winning outdoor company focused on women's performance and casual apparel. [15] (#cite_note-15) In January 2011, Kellwood Company acquired Rebecca Taylor (/wiki/Rebecca_Taylor) , a contemporary sportswear brand created by New Zealand (/wiki/New_Zealand) -born fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) Rebecca Taylor (/wiki/Rebecca_Taylor) and her business partner Elizabeth Bugdaycay. [16] (#cite_note-16) In July 2011, Kellwood announced its acquisition of Zobha, [17] (#cite_note-17) a high-performance yoga and fitness apparel and accessories company. [18] (#cite_note-18) On November 22, 2013, Kellwood and Sun Capital Partners (/wiki/Sun_Capital_Partners) completed the initial public offering (/wiki/Initial_public_offering) of Vince under the ticker VNCE on the NYSE (/wiki/NYSE) . [19] (#cite_note-19) In July 2014, Kellwood Holding, LLC announced its acquisition of Parker. [1] (https://wwd.com/business-news/mergers-acquisitions/kellwood-buys-parker-brand-7811967/) Clothier Vince announced in late April 2017 that it might not remain in business over the next year after a severe decline in revenues and stock value. [20] (#cite_note-ft-vince-20) In October 2023, CreditRiskMonitor reported that Vince Holding was nearing a potential Chapter 11 bankruptcy (/wiki/Chapter_11_bankruptcy) filing. [21] (#cite_note-21) In 2016, Kellwood was acquired by a Hong Kong-based investor group previously operated by Sun Capital Partners (/wiki/Sun_Capital_Partners) . Following the acquisition, David Falwell was promoted from Executive Vice President to the company's CEO. [22] (#cite_note-22) See also [ edit ] Companies portal (/wiki/Portal:Companies) List of outdoor industry parent companies (/wiki/List_of_outdoor_industry_parent_companies) List of mountaineering equipment brands (/wiki/List_of_mountaineering_equipment_brands) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Kellwood Co. Sold to Hong Kong Investor Group" (https://www.apparelnews.net/news/2016/dec/21/kellwood-co-sold-hong-kong-investor-group/) . Retrieved 2017-09-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-k-history_2-0) "Kellwood Company - Company History" (http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/Kellwood-Company-Company-History.html) . Fundinguniverse.com . Retrieved 2012-02-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) International Directory of Company Histories, Vol. 8. St. James Press, 1994 ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Profile Kellwood" (http://www.apparelsearch.com/profile_kellwood.htm) . Apparelsearch.com . Retrieved 2012-02-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) https://www.patagonia.com/stories/remembering-peter-noone/story-71523.html (https://www.patagonia.com/stories/remembering-peter-noone/story-71523.html) o ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Trailwise Ski Hut Berkeley products" (https://web.archive.org/web/20181020023000/http://www.oregonphotos.com/Trailwise-Ski-Hut1.html) . Archived from the original (http://www.oregonphotos.com/Trailwise-Ski-Hut1.html) on 2018-10-20. ^ (#cite_ref-typef/sierra-designs_7-0) "About Sierra Designs" (https://web.archive.org/web/20111014070841/http://www.typef.com/article/sierra-designs/) . typeF.com . Archived from the original (http://www.typef.com/article/sierra-designs/) on 14 October 2011 . Retrieved 26 August 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) https://web.archive.org/web/20181020113953/http://www.oregonphotos.com/SierraDesigns1.html (https://web.archive.org/web/20181020113953/http://www.oregonphotos.com/SierraDesigns1.html) ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Outdoor financials: Kellwood net earnings drop 50 percent, plus Deckers, Saucony, Quiksilver, Eddie Bauer" (https://www.snewsnet.com/news/outdoor-financials-kellwood-net-earnings-drop-50-percent-plus-deckers-saucony-quiksilver-eddie-bauer) . SNEWS . 2017-05-12 . Retrieved 2020-01-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Jockey and Kellwood Company Announce Licensing Agreement" (https://risnews.com/jockey-and-kellwood-company-announce-licensing-agreement) . RIS News . 2008-01-01 . Retrieved 2020-01-17 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Seasoned apparel exec named CEO of Kellwood Company" (https://chainstoreage.com/news/seasoned-apparel-exec-named-ceo-kellwood-company) . Chain Store Age . 2012-07-05 . Retrieved 2020-01-17 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "McDermott - Press Releases - Kellwood Company Acquired by Sun Capital Securities Group" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110720175111/http://www.mwe.com/index.cfm/fuseaction/media.prdetail/object_id/b6ea780c-3e62-4a08-b343-49fd8df70f03.cfm) . Mwe.com. Archived from the original (http://www.mwe.com/index.cfm/fuseaction/media.prdetail/object_id/b6ea780c-3e62-4a08-b343-49fd8df70f03.cfm) on 2011-07-20 . Retrieved 2012-02-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Kellwood Company: Private Company Information - BusinessWeek" (https://web.archive.org/web/20090815034546/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=283410) . Investing.businessweek.com. Archived from the original (http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=283410) on August 15, 2009 . Retrieved 2012-02-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "ISIS for Women | Women's Performance Outdoor Jackets & Clothing" (https://archive.today/20130126120319/http://www.isisforwomen.com/) . Archived from the original (http://www.isisforwomen.com/) on 2013-01-26 . Retrieved 2020-02-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Business Wire (2010-01-11). "Kellwood Acquires ISIS" (http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100111005493/en/Kellwood-Acquires-ISIS) . Business Wire . Retrieved 2012-02-20 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : |author= has generic name ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name) ) ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Kellwood Acquires Rebecca Taylor - ST. LOUIS, Jan. 5, 2011 /PRNewswire/" (http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/kellwood-acquires-rebecca-taylor-112926009.html) (Press release). Missouri: Prnewswire.com . Retrieved 2012-02-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Women's Fitness Clothing - Yoga and Exercise Clothes Online - Zobha" (http://www.zobha.com) . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Kellwood Acquires Zobha - ST. LOUIS, July 27, 2011 /PRNewswire/" (http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/kellwood-acquires-zobha-126237963.html) (Press release). Missouri, California: Prnewswire.com . Retrieved 2012-02-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) https://www.nyse.com/about/listed/lcddata.html?ticker=VNCE (https://www.nyse.com/about/listed/lcddata.html?ticker=VNCE) [ dead link ] ^ (#cite_ref-ft-vince_20-0) Platt, Eric (April 28, 2017). "Clothier Vince warns of 'substantial doubt' that it will stay in business" (https://www.ft.com/content/5af1d6c8-f4e0-3218-beb4-512bb78377cc) . Financial Times (/wiki/Financial_Times) . Retrieved April 30, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "11 retailers at risk of bankruptcy in 2023" (https://www.retaildive.com/news/retailers-at-risk-of-bankruptcy-2023/694548/) . Retail Dive . October 2, 2023 . Retrieved October 3, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Donaldson, Tara (2016-12-26). "Kellwood Company Sold to Hong Kong Investor as Part of Growth Plan" (https://sourcingjournal.com/topics/business-news/kellwood-company-sold-hong-kong-investor-part-growth-plan-58685/) . Sourcing Journal . Retrieved 2020-01-17 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.Kellwood.com/) Guide to the Robert McKinley and R. M. Matthews Papers 1955-1981 (https://www.lib.ncsu.edu/findingaids/mc00537) v t e Sun Capital Partners (/wiki/Sun_Capital_Partners) Consumer Food & beverage Fresh-Pak Flamingo Horticulture General consumer Famosa Parker New York Rebecca Taylor (/wiki/Rebecca_Taylor) Scotch and Soda (/wiki/Scotch_%26_Soda_(clothing)) VINCE. 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Northern Irish fashion designer; founder of JW Anderson This article is about the fashion designer Jonathan Anderson.. Not to be confused with his eponymous brand (/wiki/JW_Anderson) . Jonathan Anderson Anderson at a fashion show in 2013. Born ( 1984-09-17 ) September 17, 1984 (age 39) Magherafelt (/wiki/Magherafelt) , County Londonderry, Northern Ireland Nationality Irish Alma mater London College of Fashion (/wiki/London_College_of_Fashion) Occupation Fashion designer Years active 2005–present Title Creative director (/wiki/Creative_director) of LOEWE (/wiki/LOEWE_(fashion_brand)) Founder of JW Anderson (/wiki/JW_Anderson) Parent Willie Anderson (/wiki/Willie_Anderson_(rugby_union,_born_1955)) Dress by Anderson for Loewe featured in the Sleeping Beauties: Reawakening Fashion (/wiki/Sleeping_Beauties:_Reawakening_Fashion) exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) Jonathan Anderson (born September 17, 1984) is an Irish [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) fashion designer and the founder of JW Anderson (/wiki/JW_Anderson) . Anderson is known for his eponymous label and having served as the creative director of Spanish luxury house LOEWE (/wiki/LOEWE_(fashion_brand)) . Early life Anderson was born in the town of Magherafelt (/wiki/Magherafelt) in Northern Ireland in 1984. He is the son of Willie Anderson (/wiki/Willie_Anderson_(rugby_union,_born_1955)) , who played international rugby (/wiki/Rugby_union) for Ireland between 1984 and 1990. His mother Heather Buckley worked as a secondary school teacher. [4] (#cite_note-fashion-4) Anderson grew up in Northern Ireland, but spent a lot of time on the Balearic island (/wiki/Balearic_Islands) of Ibiza (/wiki/Ibiza) , where his parents owned a house. He has since stated in interviews that the contrasting environments played a big role in shaping his sensibilities as a designer. [5] (#cite_note-wsj-5) When he was in primary school, he was diagnosed with severe dyslexia. [6] (#cite_note-nytimes.com-6) At the age of 18 Anderson moved to the United States in an attempt to become an actor. He was based in New York (/wiki/New_York_City) at The Juilliard School (/wiki/Juilliard_School) , [6] (#cite_note-nytimes.com-6) but developed an interest in costume design (/wiki/Costume_design) rather than acting. He moved to Dublin shortly after, securing his first fashion-based job at the department store Brown Thomas (/wiki/Brown_Thomas) . [5] (#cite_note-wsj-5) He later moved to London, graduating from the London College of Fashion (/wiki/London_College_of_Fashion) in 2005. [7] (#cite_note-7) Career Anderson began his career working as a visual merchandiser (/wiki/Visual_merchandiser) for Prada (/wiki/Prada) , working for Manuela Pavesi. He launched his own menswear collection shortly after in 2008. His first collection under the JW Anderson (/wiki/JW_Anderson) label received critical acclaim. In 2010, Anderson received sponsorship from the British Fashion Council (/wiki/British_Fashion_Council) 's Newton committee and subsequently produced his first catwalk collection at London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) . [8] (#cite_note-8) The rising success of his JW Anderson label allowed him to secure a second NewGen sponsorship and led to a collaboration with high-street retailer Topshop (/wiki/Topshop) in 2012. The collaboration was a collection of limited-edition items, known as the JW Anderson x Topshop collection. [9] (#cite_note-telegraph-9) It featured clothing and accessories ranging from mini-kilts and paisley prints, to Halloween motifs and included a range of stationery, iPhone (/wiki/IPhone) cases and Rubik cubes. [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) The collection sold out within hours of it launching. Anderson and Topshop scheduled another collaboration to launch a year later, with the release coming in February 2013. [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) Later that year, Donatella Versace (/wiki/Donatella_Versace) enlisted him to replace Christopher Kane (/wiki/Christopher_Kane) at Versace (/wiki/Versace) 's diffusion line (/wiki/Diffusion_line) Versus, where he showcased his first collection in June at New York's Lexington Armoury. [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) In September 2013, LVMH (/wiki/LVMH) took a minority stake in JW Anderson and named Anderson as the new creative director for Spanish luxury house LOEWE. By 2019, he created 18 different collections each year — six for his own label, 10 for Loewe and two for his ongoing collaborations with Uniqlo (/wiki/Uniqlo) . [6] (#cite_note-nytimes.com-6) In 2019, he became a member of the board of trustees at the Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) . [16] (#cite_note-16) [6] (#cite_note-nytimes.com-6) In February 2023, Anderson designed singer Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) 's red outfit, which she used to announce her second pregnancy during her half-time Super Bowl (/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVII) performance. [17] (#cite_note-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) That same year Anderson served as costume designer for Luca Guadagnino (/wiki/Luca_Guadagnino) 's upcoming film Queer (/wiki/Queer_(film)) . [19] (#cite_note-19) Anderson had previously worked with Guadagnino in 2022, during the production of his film Challengers (/wiki/Challengers_(film)) . [20] (#cite_note-20) Personal life Anderson is openly gay. [21] (#cite_note-21) He lives in Paris and London, with regular visits to LOEWE's Madrid headquarters. [6] (#cite_note-nytimes.com-6) He also maintains a weekend home in Norfolk (/wiki/Norfolk) . [6] (#cite_note-nytimes.com-6) Awards and honors Award Year Recipient(s) Category Ref. The Fashion Awards (/wiki/The_Fashion_Awards) 2012 JW Anderson (/wiki/JW_Anderson) Emerging Talent Award - Ready-To-Wear [22] (#cite_note-22) 2013 JW Anderson New Establishment Designer of The Year 2014 JW Anderson Menswear Designer of The Year 2015 JW Anderson Menswear Designer of The Year JW Anderson Womenswear Designer of The Year 2017 Jonathan Anderson for JW Anderson British Designer of The Year - Womenswear Jonathan Anderson for Loewe (/wiki/Loewe_(fashion_brand)) Accessories Designer of The Year [23] (#cite_note-23) 2020 Jonathan Anderson Creativity [24] (#cite_note-24) 2023 Jonathan Anderson for JW Anderson and Loewe (/wiki/Loewe_(fashion_brand)) Designer of The Year [25] (#cite_note-25) [26] (#cite_note-26) CFDA Fashion Awards (/wiki/Council_of_Fashion_Designers_of_America) 2023 Jonathan Anderson International Designer of the Year [27] (#cite_note-27) [28] (#cite_note-28) [29] (#cite_note-29) References ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Irish designer JW Anderson named as one of Time's most influential people for 2024" (https://www.irishtimes.com/life-style/fashion/2024/04/18/irish-designer-jw-anderson-named-as-one-of-times-most-influential-people-for-2024/) . The Irish Times . Retrieved 2024-05-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Byrne, by Ruairi Scott; Updated (2024-04-18). "Renowned Irish fashion designer named in TIME's 100 Most Influential People list" (https://www.irishmirror.ie/showbiz/irish-showbiz/jonathan-anderson-irish-fashion-designer-32616590) . Irish Mirror . Retrieved 2024-05-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Gill, Sarah (2024-04-18). "Irish designer Jonathan Anderson is one of TIME's people of the year" (https://www.image.ie/style/irish-designer-jonathan-anderson-is-one-of-times-people-of-the-year-815357) . IMAGE.ie . Retrieved 2024-05-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-fashion_4-0) "Jonathan Anderson's Live Mosaic" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/community/people/jonathan-anderson) . Business of Fashion. ^ Jump up to: a b Van Meter, William (February 13, 2016). "Jonathan Anderson Shares the Inspirations Behind His Brand and Loewe" (https://www.wsj.com/articles/jonathan-anderson-shares-the-inspirations-behind-his-brand-and-loewe-1455120504) . Wall Street Journal (/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal) . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Nancy Hass (19 August 2019), The Man Turning European Fashion Into Something Raw and Real (https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/19/t-magazine/jonathan-anderson-loewe-interview.html) T: The New York Times Style Magazine (/wiki/T_(magazine)) . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Jonathan Anderson is part of the BoF 500" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/community/people/jonathan-anderson) . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "JW Anderson" (http://www.britishfashioncouncil.com/designer_profile.aspx?DesignerID=1664) . British Fashion Council (/wiki/British_Fashion_Council) . ^ (#cite_ref-telegraph_9-0) Sowray, Bibby (June 13, 2012). "Topshop announce JW Anderson collaboration" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG9329583/Topshop-announce-JW-Anderson-collaboration.html) . The Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Moss, Hilary (September 4, 2012). "First Looks: J.W. Anderson for Topshop" (http://nymag.com/thecut/2012/09/first-looks-jw-anderson-for-topshop.html) . NY Magazine (/wiki/NY_Magazine) . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Alexander, Ella (September 4, 2012). "JW Anderson For Topshop" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/gallery/jw-anderson-launches-topshop-collection-pictures) . Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(British_magazine)) . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Alexander, Ella (February 1, 2013). "JW Anderson For Topshop Take Two" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/gallery/summer-2013-collection-launches-pictures) . Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(British_magazine)) . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Fox, Imogen (June 13, 2012). "JW Anderson to launch Topshop range" (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2012/jun/13/j-w-anderson-topshop) . The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "The end of gender in fashion?" (http://hit-bag.com/2013/10/04/the-end-of-gender-in-fashion-jw-anderson-levis-topman/) . Hit-Bag. October 4, 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-15) Cochrane, Lauren (May 16, 2013). "Versace unveils first Versus collection by JW Anderson in New York" (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2013/may/16/versace-versus-jw-anderson-new-york) . The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Four trustees appointed to the Victoria and Albert Museum Board (https://www.gov.uk/government/news/four-trustees-appointed-to-the-victoria-and-albert-museum-board) Department for Culture, Media and Sport (/wiki/Department_for_Culture,_Media_and_Sport) , press release of 2 April 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Rihanna's Super Bowl outfit 'puts Northern Ireland on world stage' (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-64632844) " (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-64632844) . BBC News . 14 February 2023 . Retrieved 14 February 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Rihanna reveals she's pregnant at Super Bowl half-time show" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-64602594) . BBC News . 13 February 2023 . Retrieved 13 February 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Vivarelli, Nick (2023-04-21). "Drew Starkey to Star With Daniel Craig in Luca Guadagnino's 'Queer' With Filming Starting This Month in Italy (EXCLUSIVE)" (https://variety.com/2023/film/global/daniel-craig-drew-starkey-luca-guadagnino-film-queer-1235538147/) . Variety . Retrieved 2023-04-21 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Jonathan Anderson Turns Up the Heat with Costume Designs for Luca Guadagnino's 'Challengers' (https://hypebae.com/2023/6/challengers-luca-guadagnino-zendaya-jonathan-anderson-costume-design-details) " (https://hypebae.com/2023/6/challengers-luca-guadagnino-zendaya-jonathan-anderson-costume-design-details) . Hypebae . June 21, 2023 . Retrieved 2023-08-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Bulging crotches and erotic kink: Jonathan Anderson turns the Tom of Finland man into a RTW collection" (https://hero-magazine.com//article/191079/jw-anderson-tom-of-finland) . Hero . Retrieved 2022-10-23 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Our Story" (https://www.jwanderson.com/gb/about/jwanderson) . JW Anderson . 2019-07-14 . Retrieved 2022-01-21 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "UK design star JW Anderson wins big at London Fashion Awards" (https://www.france24.com/en/20171205-uk-design-star-jw-anderson-wins-big-london-fashion-awards) . France 24 . 2017-12-05 . Retrieved 2022-01-21 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Jonathan Anderson, Aurora James, Samuel Ross and More Honoured at the Fashion Awards 2020" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/luxury/jonathan-anderson-aurora-james-samuel-ross-and-more-honoured-at-the-fashion-awards-2020/) . The Business of Fashion . 2020-12-03 . Retrieved 2023-12-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) "JW Anderson, Martine Rose and Sarah Burton among winners at the star-studded Fashion Awards" (https://www.voguebusiness.com/story/fashion/jw-anderson-martine-rose-and-sarah-burton-among-winners-at-the-star-studded-fashion-awards) . Vogue Business . 2023-12-04 . Retrieved 2023-12-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Qui sont les grands vainqueurs des Fashion Awards 2023 ?" (https://www.marieclaire.fr/gagnants-fashion-awards-2023,1465226.asp) . Marie Claire . Retrieved 29 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "Les CFDA Awards consacrent le meilleur de la mode américaine" (https://fr.fashionnetwork.com/news/Les-cfda-awards-consacrent-le-meilleur-de-la-mode-americaine,1574229.html#chanel) . Fashion Network . Retrieved 5 March 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) "Selon le CFDA, Jonathan Anderson est le meilleur créateur de l'année 2023" (https://fashionunited.fr/actualite/people/selon-le-cfda-jonathan-anderson-est-le-meilleur-createur-de-l-annee-2023/2023100433253) . Fashion United . Retrieved 5 March 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) "Jonathan Anderson, ascension d'un designer distingué" (https://www.harpersbazaar.fr/mode/jonathan-anderson-ascension-dun-designer-distingue_1379) . Harper's Bazaar . Retrieved 5 March 2024 . 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American college diver, TikTok influencer, and socialite This article may contain an excessive number of citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_overkill) . Please help remove low-quality or irrelevant citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_overkill#How_to_trim_excessive_citations) . ( February 2024 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Griffin Maxwell Brooks Born ( 2000-12-08 ) December 8, 2000 (age 23) Berkeley Heights (/wiki/Berkeley_Heights,_New_Jersey) , New Jersey (/wiki/New_Jersey) Education Princeton University (/wiki/Princeton_University) Occupation(s) College diver, TikTok (/wiki/TikTok) influencer, socialite (/wiki/Socialite) Years active 2020–present Employer Susanne Bartsch (/wiki/Susanne_Bartsch) Known for College athletics at Princeton (/wiki/Princeton_University) TikTok (/wiki/TikTok) content surrounding comedy, fashion, and social justice Nightlife producer and socialite with Susanne Bartsch (/wiki/Susanne_Bartsch) TikTok information Page GMB (https://www.tiktok.com/@griffinmaxwellbrooks) Followers 1.2M Likes 91.7M Last updated: March 26, 2023 Website griffinmaxwellbrooks (http://griffinmaxwellbrooks.com) .com (http://griffinmaxwellbrooks.com) Griffin Maxwell Brooks (born December 8, [1] (#cite_note-1) 2000) [2] (#cite_note-:5-2) is an American college diver (/wiki/Diving_(sport)) , TikTok (/wiki/TikTok) influencer, and self-described "digital club kid (/wiki/Club_Kids) " and socialite (/wiki/Socialite) . [2] (#cite_note-:5-2) [3] (#cite_note-:6-3) [4] (#cite_note-:7-4) A Division I (/wiki/NCAA_Division_I) diver and engineering (/wiki/Engineering) student at Princeton University (/wiki/Princeton_University) , they [a] (#cite_note-5) are known for TikTok videos focusing on comedy (/wiki/Comedy) , fashion (/wiki/Fashion) , and social justice (/wiki/Social_justice) through an LGBT (/wiki/LGBT) lens, [4] (#cite_note-:7-4) [5] (#cite_note-:8-6) and as a figure in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) nightlife (/wiki/Nightlife) , including working with event producer Susanne Bartsch (/wiki/Susanne_Bartsch) . [2] (#cite_note-:5-2) [3] (#cite_note-:6-3) [4] (#cite_note-:7-4) [5] (#cite_note-:8-6) On TikTok, they have over one million followers [2] (#cite_note-:5-2) [3] (#cite_note-:6-3) [5] (#cite_note-:8-6) and have been credited, along with Chrissy Chlapecka (/wiki/Chrissy_Chlapecka) , as a key figure of "BimboTok", an online community seeking to reclaim the bimbo (/wiki/Bimbo) stereotype in a leftist (/wiki/Left-wing_politics) and Gen Z (/wiki/Generation_Z) fashion. [6] (#cite_note-:9-7) [7] (#cite_note-:0-8) [8] (#cite_note-:1-9) [9] (#cite_note-:2-10) [10] (#cite_note-:3-11) [11] (#cite_note-:4-12) Early life [ edit ] Brooks grew up in Berkeley Heights (/wiki/Berkeley_Heights,_New_Jersey) , New Jersey (/wiki/New_Jersey) , a community they have described as "semi- conservative (/wiki/Social_conservatism) ". [4] (#cite_note-:7-4) They are Jewish (/wiki/Jews) [12] (#cite_note-13) and were raised by atheist (/wiki/Atheism) parents. [13] (#cite_note-14) Brooks experienced homophobia (/wiki/Homophobia) both at home and at school [4] (#cite_note-:7-4) and viewed diving as a respite from the loneliness of growing up queer (/wiki/Queer) in such an environment. [5] (#cite_note-:8-6) They matriculated (/wiki/Matriculation) at Union County Magnet High School (/wiki/Union_County_Magnet_High_School) , a small application-based public school for STEM (/wiki/Science,_technology,_engineering,_and_mathematics) students, where they first studied engineering (/wiki/Engineering) . [4] (#cite_note-:7-4) Career [ edit ] College athletics and study [ edit ] A student at Princeton University (/wiki/Princeton_University) , Brooks is a diver (/wiki/Diving_(sport)) with the Princeton Tigers (/wiki/Princeton_Tigers_swimming_and_diving) varsity men's diving team. [14] (#cite_note-:10-15) [5] (#cite_note-:8-6) [3] (#cite_note-:6-3) During the 2019–2020 season, they advanced to the final on both the one-meter and three-meter dives at the Ivy League Championships, finishing seventh on the one-meter with a score of 292.25 and 11th on the three-meter with a score of 323.10. [14] (#cite_note-:10-15) [15] (#cite_note-:14-16) They also had high scores of 226.40 on the 10m dive at Princeton's Big Al Invitational; 327.68 on the one-meter against the Villanova Wildcats (/wiki/Villanova_Wildcats) ; and 369.32 on the three-meter against the Columbia Lions (/wiki/Columbia_Lions) . [14] (#cite_note-:10-15) [15] (#cite_note-:14-16) After missing the 2020–21 season due to the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) , they returned for the 2021–22 season, in which they scored a season high of 336.83 points on the one-meter against the Navy Midshipmen (/wiki/Navy_Midshipmen) , and 361.05 on the 3m in a tri-meet against the Brown Bears (/wiki/Brown_Bears) and the Dartmouth Big Green (/wiki/Dartmouth_Big_Green) . [14] (#cite_note-:10-15) They once again advanced to the finals of the Ivy League Championships, with the Tigers placing second behind the Harvard Crimson (/wiki/Harvard_Crimson) and Brooks placing fourth with a 355.55 score on the three-meter dive and 7th with a 292.95 score on the one-meter. [16] (#cite_note-17) [15] (#cite_note-:14-16) They were also one of five divers to represent Princeton at the 2022 NCAA (/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association) Zone A Championships, placing 15th on both the one-meter and three-meter events (scoring 572.90 and 634.40 respectively). [17] (#cite_note-18) [18] (#cite_note-19) Brooks has been noted for their open queerness (/wiki/Queer) and gender non-conformity (/wiki/Gender_variance) within college sports, [3] (#cite_note-:6-3) [4] (#cite_note-:7-4) [5] (#cite_note-:8-6) such as their Princeton Athletics headshot during the 2021–22 season showing them with black eyeliner (/wiki/Eye_liner) , a pearl (/wiki/Pearl) necklace (/wiki/Necklace) , earrings (/wiki/Earring) , and pink-streaked hair (/wiki/Hair_coloring) . [4] (#cite_note-:7-4) [5] (#cite_note-:8-6) DNA wrote of Brooks, "By way of being a proud queer person, they are carving a very public stance against traditional notions of being an athlete." [3] (#cite_note-:6-3) While Brooks has noted that teammates are largely supportive of their identity, they have criticized their treatment by opposing teams as well as the general state of queer acceptance at Princeton, [5] (#cite_note-:8-6) [4] (#cite_note-:7-4) saying in a December 2021 TikTok that "as a queer, and gender nonconforming person, I often feel unvalued, unwelcome, and sometimes unsafe here at Princeton University." [4] (#cite_note-:7-4) They expressed support for fellow trans Division I swimmer Lia Thomas (/wiki/Lia_Thomas) during the public debate (/wiki/Transgender_people_in_sports) her success sparked. [19] (#cite_note-20) Outside of diving, Brooks is a mechanical (/wiki/Mechanical_engineering) and aerospace engineering (/wiki/Aerospace_engineering) major. [4] (#cite_note-:7-4) They have spoken of their commitment to pursuing an engineering career, saying "I might do, you know, 10 years of being a socialite (/wiki/Socialite) and then I’m like ‘okay, time to be an engineer.'" [4] (#cite_note-:7-4) TikTok [ edit ] Brooks gained popularity on TikTok (/wiki/TikTok) during the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) , and by May 2022 they had over 1 million followers on the platform. [5] (#cite_note-:8-6) [2] (#cite_note-:5-2) [3] (#cite_note-:6-3) Their content focuses on comedy (/wiki/Comedy) , fashion (/wiki/Fashion) , and social justice (/wiki/Social_justice) through an LGBT (/wiki/LGBT) lens, [4] (#cite_note-:7-4) [5] (#cite_note-:8-6) including outfit of the day (/wiki/Outfit_of_the_day) videos, humorous monologues, and documenting of their experiences as a college student and nightlife figure. [2] (#cite_note-:5-2) [5] (#cite_note-:8-6) Outsports (/wiki/Outsports) described their content as "an effervescent collection of comedic relief, bold fashion choices and social justice stands", [5] (#cite_note-:8-6) while The Daily Princetonian (/wiki/The_Daily_Princetonian) noted their "affirmational positivity, tongue-in-cheek confidence, and fiercely independent expression" and called them "a digital flagbearer for Gen Z (/wiki/Generation_Z) ’s queer community (/wiki/LGBT_community) ." [4] (#cite_note-:7-4) Brooks, who self-identifies as a " bimbo (/wiki/Bimbo) ", [2] (#cite_note-:5-2) [6] (#cite_note-:9-7) has been credited alongside Chrissy Chlapecka (/wiki/Chrissy_Chlapecka) as a leading figure in "BimboTok", a TikTok community reclaiming the archetype in a queer and anti-capitalist (/wiki/Anti-capitalism) context. [6] (#cite_note-:9-7) [7] (#cite_note-:0-8) [8] (#cite_note-:1-9) [9] (#cite_note-:2-10) [10] (#cite_note-:3-11) [11] (#cite_note-:4-12) In one February 6, 2022 TikTok, Brooks gave a humorous "marketing pitch" to " yassify (/wiki/Yas_(slang)) " the racing company NASCAR (/wiki/NASCAR) , suggesting the name "YASCAR". In response, the company chose to partner with Brooks for Pride Month (/wiki/Pride_Month) on a YASCAR marketing campaign and line of merchandise promoting LGBTQ acceptance. [20] (#cite_note-:13-21) Discussing the campaign with Outsports (/wiki/Outsports) , Brooks said, “In the midst of corporate pride (/wiki/Rainbow_capitalism) being a point of fair criticism, it was sort of refreshing to have a point of contact with queer people at a really big company whose fanbase is typically not that embracive of queer people." [20] (#cite_note-:13-21) Nightlife and fashion [ edit ] A self-described socialite (/wiki/Socialite) and "digital club kid (/wiki/Club_Kids) ", [2] (#cite_note-:5-2) [3] (#cite_note-:6-3) [4] (#cite_note-:7-4) Brooks is a figure in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) 's nightlife (/wiki/Nightlife) and fashion scene. Since summer 2021, they have worked with event producer Susanne Bartsch (/wiki/Susanne_Bartsch) , including co-hosting events with her, making regular appearances at her Manhattan (/wiki/Manhattan) parties, and running her TikTok (/wiki/TikTok) account. [2] (#cite_note-:5-2) [3] (#cite_note-:6-3) [4] (#cite_note-:7-4) [5] (#cite_note-:8-6) They are known for their eccentric fashion sense, which they have described as " eclectic (/wiki/Eclecticism) , flashy, over the top [...] Some might say camp (/wiki/Camp_(style)) ." [4] (#cite_note-:7-4) Brooks began clubbing (/wiki/Clubbing_(subculture)) after COVID-19 restrictions were lifted, beginning with an anniversary party for Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) 's Born This Way album where they wore a Gaga-inspired look. [5] (#cite_note-:8-6) These parties also marked Brooks' first in-person interactions with their TikTok fans, which they described as "pivotal for me. I had never been in a space like that where the idea of standing out was celebrated”. [5] (#cite_note-:8-6) In May 2022 they attended the Met Gala (/wiki/Met_Gala) afterparty, where they were noticed by musician Anderson .Paak (/wiki/Anderson_.Paak) . [3] (#cite_note-:6-3) [2] (#cite_note-:5-2) In September, Brooks made their New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) debut at the Vogue World show wearing a Stella McCartney (/wiki/Stella_McCartney) / Mylo (https://mylo-unleather.com/) outfit, where they introduced themselves to Vogue editor Anna Wintour (/wiki/Anna_Wintour) . [21] (#cite_note-22) That same month, Brooks attended the Coach (/wiki/Coach_New_York) x VOGUE World afterparty atop The Standard (/wiki/The_Standard,_High_Line) , also attended by Lil Nas X (/wiki/Lil_Nas_X) , Ansel Elgort (/wiki/Ansel_Elgort) , Caroline Trentini (/wiki/Caroline_Trentini) , Jeremy O. Harris (/wiki/Jeremy_O._Harris) , and Stuart Vevers (/wiki/Stuart_Vevers) ; Brooks was photographed with fellow TikToker Davis Burleson (/wiki/Davis_Burleson) . [22] (#cite_note-:11-23) In November, they attended the Humane Society (/wiki/Humane_Society_of_the_United_States) 's To The Rescue! gala wearing a dress from sustainable fashion (/wiki/Sustainable_fashion) designer Collina Strada; the event was hosted by Andy Cohen (/wiki/Andy_Cohen) at Cipriani 42nd Street (/wiki/110_East_42nd_Street) , with other attendees including Justin Theroux (/wiki/Justin_Theroux) , Amy Sedaris (/wiki/Amy_Sedaris) , and Cory Booker (/wiki/Cory_Booker) . [23] (#cite_note-:12-24) Personal life [ edit ] Brooks identifies as non-binary (/wiki/Non-binary_gender) , gay (/wiki/Gay) , genderfluid (/wiki/Gender_fluidity) , and transfeminine (/wiki/Transgender) [4] (#cite_note-:7-4) [6] (#cite_note-:9-7) and uses they/them (/wiki/Singular_they) pronouns. [24] (#cite_note-25) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-5) Brooks identifies as non-binary (/wiki/Non-binary_gender) and uses they/them (/wiki/Singular_they) pronouns. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Griffin Maxwell Brooks [@GriffinMaxwellB] (December 8, 2021). "@Grindr and @NICKIMINAJ It's my bday too smh 💃" (https://x.com/GriffinMaxwellB/status/1468670973499093001) ( Tweet (/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)) ) . Retrieved March 18, 2023 – via Twitter (/wiki/Twitter) . ^ a b c d e f g h i j Macias, Ernesto (May 19, 2022). "Meet @GriffinMaxwellBrooks, TikTok's Favorite Party Girl" (https://www.interviewmagazine.com/culture/meet-maxwellgriffinbrooks-tiktok-favorite-party-girl) . Interview Magazine (/wiki/Interview_(magazine)) . Retrieved February 20, 2023 . ^ a b c d e f g h i j Donovan, Joshua (May 9, 2022). "The Yassification Of Sport – Griffin Maxwell Brooks Is The Queer Princeton Diver Redefining Being A Jock" (https://www.dnamagazine.com.au/the-yassification-of-sport-griffin-maxwell-brooks-is-the-queer-princeton-diver-redefining-being-a-jock/) . DNA (/wiki/DNA_(magazine)) . Retrieved February 20, 2023 . ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Kagan, Sam (April 22, 2022). "In a Manhattan nightclub, Griffin Maxwell Brooks comes alive" (https://www.dailyprincetonian.com/article/2022/04/queer-princeton-diving-griffin-maxwell-brooks-susanne-bartsch) . The Daily Princetonian (/wiki/The_Daily_Princetonian) . Retrieved February 20, 2023 . ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Reimer, Alex (May 3, 2022). "This queer Princeton diver is an NYC club kid and TikTok sensation" (https://www.outsports.com/2022/5/3/23055530/griffin-maxwell-brooks-tiktok-princeton-diving-queer) . Outsports (/wiki/Outsports) . Retrieved February 20, 2023 . ^ a b c d Stall-Paquet, Caitlin (December 15, 2022). "The Year of the Bimbo" (http://www.ellecanada.com/culture/society/bimbocore-trend) . Elle Canada (/wiki/Elle_Canada) . Retrieved February 20, 2023 . ^ a b Richards, Arielle (February 2, 2022). "Bimbofication Is Taking Over. What Does That Mean for You?" (https://www.vice.com/en/article/4aw4kd/bimbofication-is-taking-over-what-does-that-mean-for-you) . VICE . Retrieved January 8, 2023 . ^ a b Morgan, Lucy (March 15, 2022). "Bimbofication is the empowering new trend that's reclaiming the power of hyper-femininity" (https://www.glamourmagazine.co.uk/article/bimbofication) . Glamour UK . Retrieved January 8, 2023 . ^ a b Sinclair, Leah (March 9, 2022). "Bimbofication: The TikTok trend focusing on self care" (https://www.stylist.co.uk/life/y2k-bimbo-aesthetic-self-love-tiktok/632635) . Stylist . ^ a b Haigney, Sophie (June 15, 2022). "Opinion: Meet the Self-Described 'Bimbos' of TikTok" (https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/15/opinion/bimbo-tiktok-feminism.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved January 8, 2023 . ^ a b Dickson, E. J. (November 23, 2020). "The Bimbo Is Back. Like, for Real!" (https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-features/bimbo-reclaim-tiktok-gen-z-1092253/) . Rolling Stone . Retrieved January 19, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Griffin Maxwell Brooks [@@GriffinMaxwellB] (September 25, 2022). "Tiktok finding out I'm Jewish was such a weird moment of validation but also "oh you're Jewish! I love that, suddenly my unwarranted hatred for you is gone" like maybe unwarranted hatred should be challenged in general? Lol" (https://x.com/@GriffinMaxwellB/status/1574085495793090560) ( Tweet (/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)) ) . Retrieved March 26, 2023 – via Twitter (/wiki/Twitter) . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Griffin Maxwell Brooks [@GriffinMaxwellB] (April 3, 2021). "I love Easter bc growing up as a child of previously-Jewish atheists meant I would go to Six Flags every year Easter and not have to wait in lines because everyone was at church that day" (https://x.com/GriffinMaxwellB/status/1378383075307061249) ( Tweet (/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)) ) . Retrieved March 26, 2023 – via Twitter (/wiki/Twitter) . ^ a b c d "Griffin Brooks - Men's Swimming and Diving" (https://goprincetontigers.com/sports/mens-swimming-and-diving/roster/griffin-brooks/18823) . Princeton University Athletics . Retrieved February 22, 2023 . ^ a b c "Griffin Brooks" (https://swimcloud.com/swimmer/675128) . Swimcloud . February 23, 2022 . Retrieved February 22, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Raunak Khosla Honored as High Point Swimmer, Tigers Finish Second at Ivy Championships" (https://goprincetontigers.com/news/2022/2/26/mens-swimming-and-diving-raunak-khosla-honored-as-high-point-swimmer-tigers-finish-second-at-ivy-championships.aspx) . Princeton University Athletics . February 26, 2022 . Retrieved March 19, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Colten Young Qualifies for NCAA Championships on 3-Meter" (https://goprincetontigers.com/news/2022/3/7/mens-swimming-and-diving-colten-young-qualifies-for-ncaa-championships-on-3-meter.aspx) . Princeton University Athletics . March 7, 2022 . Retrieved March 19, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Men's Divers Compete on 1-Meter at NCAA Zone A Championships" (https://goprincetontigers.com/news/2022/3/8/mens-swimming-and-diving-mens-divers-compete-on-1-meter-at-ncaa-zone-a-championships.aspx) . Princeton University Athletics . March 8, 2022 . Retrieved March 19, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Powell, Michael (May 29, 2022). "What Lia Thomas Could Mean for Women's Elite Sports" (https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/29/us/lia-thomas-women-sports.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved April 14, 2023 . ^ a b Reimer, Alex (June 22, 2022). "How this queer diver's viral TikTok made NASCAR gayer than ever" (https://www.outsports.com/2022/6/22/23178844/griffin-maxwell-brooks-yascar-nascar-tik-tok) . Outsports (/wiki/Outsports) . Retrieved February 21, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Eddy, Kayla (October 6, 2022). "Looking Back On NYFW" (https://thedtmag.com/2022/10/looking-back-on-nyfw/) . DOWNTOWN MAGAZINE . Retrieved February 22, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-:11_23-0) Ramzi, Lilah (September 13, 2022). "Lil Nas X Ended His Night at the Coach x VOGUE World After-Party" (https://www.vogue.com/slideshow/vogue-world-after-party-2022) . Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) . Retrieved February 21, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-:12_24-0) Colyar, Brock (November 21, 2022). "It's Gala Season, You Animals!" (https://www.thecut.com/2022/11/inside-the-humane-societys-2022-to-the-rescue-gala.html) . The Cut (/wiki/The_Cut_(website)) . Retrieved February 21, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Smith, Katie (March 19, 2022). "Explained: Science entangled in transgender athlete debate" (https://www.newsnationnow.com/us-news/sports/researcher-explains-transgender-athlete-debate/) . NewsNation (/wiki/NewsNation) . Retrieved February 20, 2023 . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://griffinmaxwellbrooks.com/) Griffin Maxwell Brooks (https://www.tiktok.com/@@griffinmaxwellbrooks/) on TikTok (/wiki/TikTok_(identifier)) Griffin Maxwell Brooks (https://www.instagram.com/griffinmaxwellbrooks/) on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram_(identifier)) Griffin Maxwell Brooks (https://x.com/GriffinMaxwellB) on X (/wiki/X_(social_network)) Griffin Maxwell Brooks (https://goprincetontigers.com/sports/mens-swimming-and-diving/roster/griffin-brooks/18823) on Princeton Tigers (/wiki/Princeton_Tigers) website NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6457fbf49b‐82dcg Cached time: 20240705220755 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.561 seconds Real time usage: 0.714 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 4110/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 60930/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4721/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 107799/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.301/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 8665584/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 652.107 1 -total 35.73% 232.970 2 Template:Reflist 31.68% 206.616 1 Template:Infobox_person 15.22% 99.264 2 Template:Cite_tweet 11.93% 77.811 1 Template:Infobox_TikTok_personality 11.36% 74.052 1 Template:Infobox 10.69% 69.701 1 Template:Short_description 10.05% 65.550 15 Template:Cite_web 8.48% 55.324 8 Template:Br_separated_entries 7.97% 51.959 1 Template:Excessive_citations Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:73095779-0!canonical and timestamp 20240705220755 and revision id 1232843340. 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American photographer This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Deborah_Turbeville) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Deborah Turbeville" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Deborah+Turbeville%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Deborah+Turbeville%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Deborah+Turbeville%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Deborah+Turbeville%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Deborah+Turbeville%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Deborah+Turbeville%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( August 2018 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Deborah Turbeville Turbeville in 1987 Born Deborah Lou Turbeville ( 1932-07-06 ) July 6, 1932 Stoneham, Massachusetts Died October 24, 2013 (2013-10-24) (aged 81) New York, New York Nationality American Known for Photography (/wiki/Photography) Deborah Lou Turbeville (July 6, 1932 – October 24, 2013) [1] (#cite_note-nytimes-1) was an American fashion photographer. Although she started out as a fashion editor at Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) , she became a photographer in the 1970s. [2] (#cite_note-Cochrane-2) Her photographs appeared in numerous publications and fashion advertisements, including ads for Bloomingdale's (/wiki/Bloomingdale%27s) , Bruno Magli (/wiki/Bruno_Magli) , Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) , Ralph Lauren (/wiki/Ralph_Lauren) and Macy's (/wiki/Macy%27s) . [1] (#cite_note-nytimes-1) Early life and education [ edit ] She was born in 1932 in Stoneham, Massachusetts (/wiki/Stoneham,_Massachusetts) , into a wealthy family in New England that desired to be both distinguished and isolated, but paradoxically suffered from this isolation. Deborah's mother and aunts inherited a large house from her paternal grandfather, isolated in the periphery of Boston. Deborah's father, who was from Texas, also lived in the house. This familial community, which cultivated its members' intellectual superiority through frequent trips to Boston's opera and cinemas, also suffered from this exile in the suburbs. Deborah had an older brother called Tom, who lived in New York on Riverside Drive at the same time Deborah was living there. She was a student at Brimmer and May School in the Bay of Boston, and has always cited as her first sources of inspiration the narrow cobble streets, Louisburg Square, snow and tinted windows. In addition to her family home on the outskirts of Boston, Turbeville also spent her summers in their vacation home in Ogunquit in Maine. Photographic style [ edit ] According to Turbeville, her work was deeply inspired by her childhood: "I am like a child, I must manage it every hour of every day." Turbeville's photographs are recognizable by their grain, by their colors of pastel, sepia, or black and white, and by the image blurring. She sometimes reworks her shots by scraping or taping them with the help of her assistant and collaborator, Sharon Schuster. According to Pete Silverton, these photographs are "consciously damaged goods." Furthermore, according to Turbeville, "I destroy the image after having created it (...) Erasing a bit in such a manner that it is never completely there..." Or: "The idea of disintegration is really at the heart of my work." This work of alteration is one of the elements that make Turbeville an artist, as she provokes a reflection on the medium, and the medium is in itself significant. Her images, "scraped, twisted, erased, damaged artificially to give the impression of old clichés, contradict the technical perfection that even an amateur photographer can get these days. Turbeville exposes the lie that with technique and determination an artist who seeks to create imaginative content resonates ambiguities." "Yes, the images' apparent stillness hides an undercurrent of violence (...) This violence is reinforced by the artist in her work: she violates her own images." She is widely credited with adding a darker, more brooding element to fashion photography (/wiki/Fashion_photography) , beginning in the early 1970s [1] (#cite_note-nytimes-1) – she, Guy Bourdin (/wiki/Guy_Bourdin) and Helmut Newton (/wiki/Helmut_Newton) changed it from traditional, well-lit images into something much more "edgy" looking. [1] (#cite_note-nytimes-1) However, unlike the "urban erotic underworld" portrayed by her contemporaries, Turbeville's aesthetic tended towards "dreamy and mysterious," a delicate female gaze. [2] (#cite_note-Cochrane-2) She was the only woman and only American among this trio. [1] (#cite_note-nytimes-1) In 2009, Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) wrote that Turbeville transformed "fashion photography into avant-garde art (/wiki/Avant-garde_art) ." [1] (#cite_note-nytimes-1) Subjects [ edit ] During the 1970s, fashion photography moved more towards sexual provocation and tended to become, according to Nancy Hall-Duncan, "a subdivision of the culture of pornography." Turbeville took its misty atmospheres and combined them with models that communicated neither between one another nor with the viewer. Nancy Hall-Duncan (/w/index.php?title=Nancy_Hall-Duncan&action=edit&redlink=1) notes [ citation needed ] that these women seemed "locked in their solitude," an impression reinforced "by lazy, soft poses." And, she added: "In the broadest sense, Turbeville's photographs reflected the psychological collapse of the modern world, but people with whom Turbeville recognized her failure to communicate perfectly. She was even scared of them, as she could not have the smallest preconceived idea of them. "I am often scared, of people. This is found in the photos I take: almost the feeling of humiliation or embarrassment. The young women lower their eyes, or look elsewhere, they cannot look the lens in the face. And I, I cannot force them to look directly in the lens, or make a face like everything is great and it's truly cool!" Indeed, in the collective book Women on Women , about women photographing other women, she wrote that in her photos, "there is the gnawing feeling that something is wrong. My work is not complete if it does not contain some vestige of this frustration in the final prints." Thus, in her work in fashion photography, she tried to avoid a "stereotypical ideal" and glamour: "It wasn't the perfectly beautiful girl who made me want to take photos, but the girl with an intrigue in her face, with a profoundness below the surface." Accordingly, the models themselves take precedence over the "innocuous, -hued separates of the seventies and eighties," despite their averted gazes. [3] (#cite_note-Borrelli-Persson-3) Death [ edit ] Turbeville died from lung cancer at St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center (/wiki/St._Luke%27s-Roosevelt_Hospital_Center) in Manhattan on October 24, 2013, at the age of 81. [1] (#cite_note-nytimes-1) [4] (#cite_note-Milan_Event_Pays_Tribute_to_Deborah_Turbeville-4) Publications [ edit ] Publications by Turbeville [ edit ] Wallflower . Congreve, 1979. Unseen Versailles . Doubleday, 1981. Introduction by Louis Auchincloss. Les Amoureuses du Temps Pass . Parco, 1985. Photographers Contemporains I . Centre Georges Pompidou/M.N.A.M., 1986. Newport Remembered . Harry Abrams, 1994. Introduction by Louis Auchincloss. The Voyage of the Virgen Maria Candelaria . Parco, 1996. Studio St. Petersburg . Bulfinch, 1997. Past Imperfect . Steidl, Germany 2010. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-3-86521-452-2 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-86521-452-2) . Casa No. Name . Rizzoli, 2009. Publications on Turbeville [ edit ] Yearbook of Photography . Time-Life, 1976. Women By Women . Aurum, 1978. Alexander Liberman (/wiki/Alexander_Liberman) The World of American Vogue: Fifty Years of Fashion . Hall-Duncan, Nancy. The History of Fashion Photography . The Idealizing Vision . Aperture, 1990. Wedding Days, Images of Matrimony . H2O/Graystone, Tokyo, 1996. References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Fox, Margalit (2013-10-26). "Deborah Turbeville, Fashion Photographer, Dies at 81" (https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/26/fashion/deborah-turbeville-fashion-photographer-dies-at-81.html?_r=0) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . Retrieved 2013-11-17 . ^ Jump up to: a b Cochrane, Lauren (2013-10-31). "The photography of Deborah Turbeville" (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2013/oct/31/photography-deborah-turbeville-fashion) . The Guardian . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0261-3077 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077) . Retrieved 2016-02-23 . ^ (#cite_ref-Borrelli-Persson_3-0) Borrelli-Persson, Laird (22 January 2015). "Why the Women of Deborah Turbeville Are Timeless: From Her Bathhouse Beauties to Her Memorable Nudes" (http://www.vogue.com/8650241/deborah-turbeville-exhibition-staley-wise/) . Vogue . Retrieved 2016-02-23 . ^ (#cite_ref-Milan_Event_Pays_Tribute_to_Deborah_Turbeville_4-0) Diderich, Joelle (24 February 2014). "Milan Event Pays Tribute to Deborah Turbeville" (http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/milan-event-pays-tribute-to-deborah-turbeville-7501665?src=nl/mornReport/20140224) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved 24 February 2014 . Further reading [ edit ] Essence, Photography Magazine , Paris, December 1997 Caméra Obscure, Art Photography Magazine , Moscow, September 1998 Studio St. Petersburg, 8 page article in L'Uomo Vogue , December 1997 Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International FAST (http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1899335/) ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000084026339) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/96104205) 2 (https://viaf.org/viaf/187865481) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjCFrmkF7Xh7F8qhC9wJMq) 2 (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJkMHTJMhBq4mmTRTmQ8YP) National France (https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12043278g) BnF data (https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12043278g) Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/119253763) United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n78053465) Japan (https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00459237) Australia (https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35843638) Croatia (http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000194758&local_base=nsk10) Netherlands (http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p072718315) Academics CiNii (https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA05532437?l=en) Artists Museum of Modern Art (https://www.moma.org/artists/49488) Photographers' Identities (https://pic.nypl.org/constituents/310281) RKD Artists (https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/380566) ULAN (https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500062280) People Trove (https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1112336) Other IdRef (https://www.idref.fr/028637992) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐2ptkd Cached time: 20240713212728 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.471 seconds Real time usage: 0.627 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2549/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 36797/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2048/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 22/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 27666/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.336/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6908513/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 565.283 1 -total 28.85% 163.094 1 Template:Infobox_artist 18.27% 103.299 1 Template:Authority_control 14.45% 81.656 1 Template:Short_description 14.25% 80.537 1 Template:Reflist 11.43% 64.619 1 Template:More_citations_needed 10.56% 59.718 1 Template:Ambox 10.00% 56.514 2 Template:Cite_news 8.22% 46.452 1 Template:ISBN 7.87% 44.511 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:41108975-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713212728 and revision id 1217704104. 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Submission declined on 26 April 2024 by Utopes (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Utopes) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Utopes) ). This submission is not adequately supported by reliable sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:RS) . Reliable sources are required so that information can be verified (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . If you need help with referencing, please see Referencing for beginners (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) and Citing sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) . This submission's references do not show that the subject qualifies for a Wikipedia article (/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability) —that is, they do not show significant coverage (not just passing mentions) about the subject in published , reliable , secondary sources that are independent (/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources) of the subject (see the guidelines on the notability of people (/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(people)) ). 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Add tags to your draft Editor resources Find sources: Google (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Faith+Adu+Afriyie%22) ( books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Faith+Adu+Afriyie%22+-wikipedia) · news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Faith+Adu+Afriyie%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Faith+Adu+Afriyie%22) · free images (https://www.google.com/search?safe=off&tbs=sur:fmc&tbm=isch&q=%22Faith+Adu+Afriyie%22+-site:wikipedia.org+-site:wikimedia.org) · WP refs (https://www.google.com/custom?hl=en&cx=007734830908295939403%3Agalkqgoksq0&cof=FORID%3A13%3BAH%3Aleft%3BCX%3AWikipedia%2520Reference%2520Search&q=%22Faith+Adu+Afriyie%22) ) · FENS (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Faith+Adu+Afriyie%22&acc=on&wc=on) · TWL (https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/search/?q=%22Faith+Adu+Afriyie%22) Easy tools : Citation bot (https://citations.toolforge.org/process_page.php?edit=automated_tools&slow=1&page=Draft:Faith_Adu_Afriyie) ( help (/wiki/User:Citation_bot/use) ) | Advanced: Fix bare URLs (https://tools.wmflabs.org/refill/result.php?page=Draft:Faith_Adu_Afriyie&defaults=y) Declined by Utopes (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Utopes) 2 months ago. Last edited by Citation bot (/wiki/User:Citation_bot) 2 months ago. Reviewer: Inform author (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Faa123&action=edit&editintro=Template:AfC_submission/user_talk_editintro_declined&preload=Template:AfC_submission/user_talk_preload_declined&preloadtitle=Your+submission+at+%5B%5BWP%3AAfC%7CArticles+for+creation%5D%5D§ion=new) . Resubmit Please note that if the issues are not fixed, the draft will be declined again. Comment: One citation is insufficient to demonstrate notability of the subject. Also, please see WP:AUTOBIO (/wiki/Wikipedia:AUTOBIO) . Utopes (/wiki/User:Utopes) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Utopes) / cont (/wiki/Special:Contributions/Utopes) ) 00:26, 26 April 2024 (UTC) Ghanaian Born Fashion Photographer Based In Paris [1] (#cite_note-SIP_N_SLAY_GHANA-1) Faith Adu Afriyie Born ( 1996-06-11 ) June 11, 1996 Nationality Ghanaian Occupation Photographer Faith Adu Afriyie (born June 11, 1996) is a Ghanaian photographer based in Paris. He attended Kumasi Technical University and holds a professional diploma in Photography from Speos Photographic Institute. Early life [ edit ] Faith Adu Afriyie’s fascination with photography began at an early age when he received a camera as a gift from his father. Growing up in the vibrant city of Kumasi, Ghana, Faith was captivated by the rich tapestry of colors, textures, and scenes that surrounded him daily. It was amidst this dynamic environment that his passion for capturing moments and exploring the interplay of light and shadow first took root. As he navigated the bustling streets and bustling markets of Kumasi, Faith found inspiration in the diverse array of people, cultures, and landscapes that shaped his world, laying the foundation for his journey as a photographer. Career [ edit ] Faith Adu Afriyie’s career as a photographer blossomed as he delved into the realm of fashion photography, initially collaborating with local fashion brands in Ghana. Drawing inspiration from his Ghanaian roots and the vibrant cultural landscape of his homeland, Faith infused his work with a unique blend of authenticity and creativity. His distinctive style and keen eye for detail caught the attention of diaspora fashion brands with Ghanaian origins, leading to exciting partnerships that celebrated the intersection of tradition and modernity in fashion. Through his lens, Faith sought to showcase the beauty and diversity of African fashion, elevating it onto the global stage. Faith’s journey took an international turn when he moved to Paris to pursue further education in photography. Immersed in the cosmopolitan hub of fashion and art, he expanded his portfolio by collaborating with foreign brands, bringing his fresh perspective and cultural insight to the international fashion scene. From runway shows to editorial shoots, Faith’s work continued to resonate with audiences worldwide, cementing his reputation as a versatile and visionary photographer. Personal life [ edit ] Despite initially pursuing studies in computer science, Faith Adu Afriyie’s true passion for photography eventually took center stage in his life. What began as a hobby swiftly evolved into a lifelong pursuit, fueled by his innate creativity and love for visual storytelling. Hailing from humble beginnings, Faith’s journey is a testament to his perseverance and determination to carve out a path aligned with his passions. His transition from the world of technology to the realm of art reflects his willingness to embrace new opportunities and follow his heart’s calling. Beyond his professional endeavors, Faith approaches life with a profound sense of gratitude and optimism. Rooted in his upbringing and cultural heritage, he embodies a deep appreciation for life’s simple joys and the beauty found in everyday moments. His warmth and authenticity shine through in his work, reflecting a genuine connection to the world around him and a commitment to capturing the essence of the human experience. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-SIP_N_SLAY_GHANA_1-0) Essence, Magazine (28 January 2022). "A Celebration for the Ages, Sip N' Slay Ghana Was Brimming with Beauty & Style" (https://www.essence.com/fashion/sip-n-slay-ghana-2021/) . Essence . BEVERLY DANQUAH . Retrieved 28 January 2022 . • “Faith Adu Afriyie: A Celebration For The Ages, Sip N' Slay Ghana Was Brimming With Beauty & Style”, ‘‘Essence Magazine’’, Issue 2021 [1] (https://www.essence.com/fashion/sip-n-slay-ghana-2021/) • “Featuring Creatives on the Rise: Royce Gallery” GLITZ MAGAZINE 2019 [2] (https://www.glitzafrica.com/featuring-creatives-on-the-rise-royce-gallery/) External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.faithaduafriyie.com) Instagram (https://www.instagram.com/roycegallery/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐96866fccf‐l8ks2 Cached time: 20240717145152 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, vary‐user, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.409 seconds Real time usage: 0.536 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2770/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 88861/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 7758/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 23/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 11894/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.227/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5231997/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 495.257 1 -total 47.40% 234.768 1 Template:AFC_submission 44.83% 222.011 1 Template:AfC_submission/declined 43.42% 215.040 1 Template:Ombox 21.88% 108.376 1 Template:Reflist 20.93% 103.660 1 Template:Infobox_person 20.77% 102.884 1 Template:AfC_submission/helptools 20.31% 100.568 4 Template:Hidden 19.27% 95.418 1 Template:Cite_web 7.58% 37.521 1 Template:Find_sources Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:76741221-0!canonical and timestamp 20240717145152 and revision id 1220860327. 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Leonard Logsdail Born ( 1950-09-11 ) 11 September 1950 (age 73) London (/wiki/London) , England (/wiki/England) Occupation Tailor Years active 1971–present This biography contains content that is written like an advertisement (/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_soapbox_or_means_of_promotion) . Please help improve it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Logsdail&action=edit) by removing promotional content (/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam) and inappropriate external links (/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links#Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest) , and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) . ( February 2024 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Leonard Logsdail (born September 11, 1950, in London (/wiki/London) , England (/wiki/England) ) is a bespoke (/wiki/Bespoke_tailoring) tailor (/wiki/Tailor) specializing in men's suits (/wiki/Suit_(clothing)) based in Manhattan (/wiki/Manhattan) , New York (/wiki/New_York_(state)) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Renowned for his high-end suits and unique Hermes (/wiki/Herm%C3%A8s) silk scarf linings, he has designed for numerous films and worked with directors like .The directors Steven Spielberg (/wiki/Steven_Spielberg) , Robert De Niro (/wiki/Robert_De_Niro) , Oliver Stone (/wiki/Oliver_Stone) , Ridley Scott (/wiki/Ridley_Scott) and Martin Scorsese (/wiki/Martin_Scorsese) . [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) [4] (#cite_note-screen_crush-4) [5] (#cite_note-:2-5) He had a cameo (/wiki/Cameo_appearance) acting role as a tailor in The Wolf of Wall Street (/wiki/The_Wolf_of_Wall_Street_(2013_film)) , Wall Street 2: Money Never Sleeps (/wiki/Wall_Street:_Money_Never_Sleeps) and The Good Shepherd (/wiki/The_Good_Shepherd_(film)) . [6] (#cite_note-:3-6) [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) [4] (#cite_note-screen_crush-4) [5] (#cite_note-:2-5) Career [ edit ] Logsdail left school at the age of 15 and spent 3 years in tailoring school before entering the industry with high aspirations and a passion for men's suits. [7] (#cite_note-interview-7) At the age of 21, Logsdail started his own business and opened his doors in 1971 on Carnaby Street (/wiki/Carnaby_Street) in London (/wiki/London) . A few years later, he moved his business to Savile Row (/wiki/Savile_Row) . [8] (#cite_note-Articles_of_Style-8) In 1991, Logsdail moved his business from Savile Row (/wiki/Savile_Row) to midtown Manhattan (/wiki/Manhattan) , New York (/wiki/New_York_(state)) . His atelier (/wiki/Atelier) has remained in the same location since 1991, at 9 East 53rd Street, New York, NY. [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) Personal life [ edit ] While his tailoring business was in London (/wiki/London) , Logsdail made business trips to the United States (/wiki/United_States) , where he met his future wife and married in 1988. [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) They reside in Stamford, Connecticut (/wiki/Stamford,_Connecticut) and have eight children. His son, Leonard, began working with him in 2012. [5] (#cite_note-:2-5) Costume and Wardrobe in Film and Television [ edit ] Title Year Role Ref(s) All the Way (/wiki/All_the_Way_(2016_film)) 2016 Costumer [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Zoolander 2 (/wiki/Zoolander_2) 2016 Costumer [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Bridge of Spies (/wiki/Bridge_of_Spies_(film)) 2015 Costumer [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) The Intern (/wiki/The_Intern_(2015_film)) 2015 Tailor [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Spotlight (/wiki/Spotlight_(film)) 2015 Tailor [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Ricki and the Flash (/wiki/Ricki_and_the_Flash) 2015 Costumer [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Magic Mike XXL (/wiki/Magic_Mike_XXL) 2015 Costumer [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) [11] (#cite_note-11) Carol (/wiki/Carol_(film)) 2015 Costumer [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Blue Bloods (/wiki/Blue_Bloods_(TV_series)) 2013-2014 Costumer (two episodes) [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Winter’s Tale (/wiki/Winter%27s_Tale_(film)) 2014 Costumer [4] (#cite_note-screen_crush-4) [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) RoboCop (/wiki/RoboCop_(2014_film)) 2014 Costumer [4] (#cite_note-screen_crush-4) [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Jack Ryan: Shadow Recruit (/wiki/Jack_Ryan:_Shadow_Recruit) 2014 Tailor [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) The Wolf of Wall Street (/wiki/The_Wolf_of_Wall_Street_(2013_film)) 2013 Costumer (uncredited) and acting cameo [4] (#cite_note-screen_crush-4) [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) White House Down (/wiki/White_House_Down) 2013 Costumer [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Muhammad Ali’s Greatest Fight (/wiki/Muhammad_Ali%27s_Greatest_Fight) 2013 Costumer [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) The Great Gatsby (/wiki/The_Great_Gatsby) 2013 Costumer [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) The Dictator (/wiki/The_Dictator_(2012_film)) 2012 Costumer (uncredited) [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Tower Heist (/wiki/Tower_Heist) 2011 Costumer [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) The Smurfs (/wiki/The_Smurfs_(film)) 2011 Tailor [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Mr. Popper’s Penguins (/wiki/Mr._Popper%27s_Penguins_(film)) 2011 Costumer [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) 2011 MTV Movie Awards (/wiki/2011_MTV_Movie_Awards) 2011 Costumer [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) [12] (#cite_note-12) Mildred Pierce (/wiki/Mildred_Pierce_(miniseries)) 2011 Tailor (5 episodes) [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Morning Glory (/wiki/Morning_Glory_(2010_film)) 2010 Tailor [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) The A-Team (/wiki/The_A-Team) 2010 Tailor [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps (/wiki/Wall_Street:_Money_Never_Sleeps) 2010 Costumer and acting cameo [4] (#cite_note-screen_crush-4) [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) [6] (#cite_note-:3-6) Shutter Island (/wiki/Shutter_Island_(film)) 2010 Costumer (uncredited) [4] (#cite_note-screen_crush-4) [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Surrogates (/wiki/Surrogates) 2009 Costumer [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) The Box (/wiki/The_Box_(2009_film)) 2009 Costumer [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Julie & Julia (/wiki/Julie_%26_Julia) 2009 Costumer (uncredited) [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) The Taking of Pelham 123 (/wiki/The_Taking_of_Pelham_123_(2009_film)) 2009 Costumer [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) 81st Academy Awards (/wiki/81st_Academy_Awards) 2009 Costumer [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Lipstick Jungle (/wiki/Lipstick_Jungle_(TV_series)) 2008 Tailor (2 episodes) [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Frost/Nixon (/wiki/Frost/Nixon_(film)) 2008 Costumer [4] (#cite_note-screen_crush-4) [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Deception (/wiki/Deception_(2008_film)) 2008 Tailor [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) American Gangster (/wiki/American_Gangster_(film)) 2007 Costumer [4] (#cite_note-screen_crush-4) [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) Perfect Stranger (/wiki/Perfect_Stranger_(film)) 2007 Costumer [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) The Good Shepherd (/wiki/The_Good_Shepherd_(film)) 2006 Costumer and acting cameo [4] (#cite_note-screen_crush-4) [3] (#cite_note-IMDb-3) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Inc., M. Shanken Communications. "Return of the Smoking Jacket | News & Features" (http://www.cigaraficionado.com/webfeatures/show/id/Return-of-the-Smoking-Jacket_7364) . CigarAficionado.com . Retrieved 2017-05-05 . {{ cite news (/wiki/Template:Cite_news) }} : |last= has generic name ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name) ) ^ Jump up to: a b c d "VBC | Tailors | Vitale Barberis Canonico" (http://www.vitalebarberiscanonico.com/tailors/245/leonard-logsdail) . www.vitalebarberiscanonico.com . Retrieved 2017-05-05 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am "IMDb: Leonard Logsdail" (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2473588/?ref_=fn_al_nm_1) . Retrieved April 17, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Romano, Nick (December 2013). "Suiting Up for 'The Wolf of Wall Street': A Chat With One of Cinema's Most Sought-After Tailors" (http://screencrush.com/the-wolf-of-wall-street-martin-scorsese-leonardo-dicaprio-leonard-logsdail) . Screen Crush. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Le Noeud Papillon Of Sydney - For Lovers Of Bow Ties: Leonard Logsdail - Famed New York Tailor And Suit Maker For Some Of Your Favourite Cinema Characters - A Short Interview" (http://lenoeudpapillon.blogspot.com/2015/03/leonard-logsdail-famed-new-york-tailor.html) . Le Noeud Papillon Of Sydney - For Lovers Of Bow Ties . 2015-03-17 . Retrieved 2017-05-05 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Bespoke suits in New York" (https://www.ft.com/content/f737459c-f8e2-11df-99ed-00144feab49a) . Financial Times . Retrieved 2017-05-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-interview_7-0) Raivio, Ville (May 2013). "Interview With Leonard Logsdail" (http://www.keikari.com/english/interview-with-leonard-logsdail/) . Keikari. ^ (#cite_ref-Articles_of_Style_8-0) Trepanier, Dan (February 2015). "Lessons from a Master Cutter Feat. Leonard Logsdail" (https://articlesofstyle.com/57369/lessons-from-a-master-cutter-feat-leonard-logsdail/) . Articles of Style. ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Contact" (http://www.leonardlogsdail.com/contact/) . Leonard Logsdail Bespoke Tailors . Retrieved 2017-05-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Hayes, Eddie (2017-01-30). "How Custom Tailoring Is Your Secret Weapon" (http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2016/09/27/here-s-how-to-buy-a-tailored-suit) . The Daily Beast . Retrieved 2017-05-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Without Clothing to Take Off, as a Stripper, You Don't Have an Act" (http://www.vogue.com/article/magic-mike-xxl-costumes) . Vogue . Retrieved 2017-05-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Logsdail Jr., Leonard. "Jim Carrey's "Green Screen" Suit" (http://www.leonardlogsdail.com/blog/2016/9/6/jim-careys-green-screen-suit) . Retrieved April 17, 2017 . 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Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Logsdail&oldid=1234627338 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Logsdail&oldid=1234627338) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) 1950 births (/wiki/Category:1950_births) Businesspeople from London (/wiki/Category:Businesspeople_from_London) British tailors (/wiki/Category:British_tailors) English emigrants to the United States (/wiki/Category:English_emigrants_to_the_United_States) Hidden categories: CS1 errors: generic name (/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_generic_name) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles with a promotional tone from February 2024 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_a_promotional_tone_from_February_2024) All articles with a promotional tone (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_a_promotional_tone) |
United Nude is a design company specialising in high heels (/wiki/High-heeled_footwear) . The brand's shoes are sold in over 50 countries world, with concept stores in Amsterdam, Vienna, Tel Aviv, Tokyo, Taipei, Beijing, Guangzhou and Los Angeles. [1] (#cite_note-1) History [ edit ] The company was founded by Rem D. Koolhaas (not to be mistaken for architect Rem Koolhaas (/wiki/Rem_Koolhaas) , his namesake and uncle) and British shoemaker Galahad Clark, whose family founded the Clarks (/wiki/Clarks_shoes) brand. [2] (#cite_note-2) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Ryan, John (2010-01-09). "Shop Watching: United Nude, Amsterdam | Shopwatch | Drapers" (https://www.drapersonline.com/companies/shop-watching-united-nude-amsterdam) . Drapersonline.com . Retrieved 2011-12-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Koolhaas and Clark in shoe tie-up - Business News - Business" (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/koolhaas-and-clark-in-shoe-tieup-6261302.html) . The Independent. 2011-11-13 . Retrieved 2011-12-08 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.unitednude.com) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) : Artists Museum of Modern Art (https://www.moma.org/artists/67613) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7cd59cdcfb‐2vdn6 Cached time: 20240718063411 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.167 seconds Real time usage: 0.211 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 207/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 5733/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 159/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 12685/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.127/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2978823/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 197.190 1 -total 51.87% 102.289 1 Template:Reflist 43.32% 85.426 2 Template:Cite_web 36.79% 72.555 1 Template:Authority_control 11.27% 22.215 1 Template:Official_website 0.80% 1.569 2 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:33315008-0!canonical and timestamp 20240718063411 and revision id 1186434138. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_Nude&oldid=1186434138 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_Nude&oldid=1186434138) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Shoe brands (/wiki/Category:Shoe_brands) High-heeled footwear (/wiki/Category:High-heeled_footwear) Hidden category: Articles with MoMA identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_MoMA_identifiers) |
American multi-level marketing company This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Origami_Owl) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Origami_Owl) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article is an orphan (/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan) , as no other articles link to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=Origami_Owl&namespace=0) . Please introduce links (/wiki/Help:Link) to this page from related articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=Origami+Owl&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=Origami+Owl) ; try the Find link tool (https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=Origami_Owl) for suggestions. ( September 2023 ) This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Origami_Owl) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Origami Owl" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Origami+Owl%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Origami+Owl%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Origami+Owl%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Origami+Owl%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Origami+Owl%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Origami+Owl%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( August 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Origami Owl Company type Direct sales (/wiki/Direct_sales) Industry Jewelry Founded 2010 Founders Isabella "Bella" Weems Christian "Chrissy" Weems Tyson Basha Shawn Maxwell Headquarters Chandler, Arizona (/wiki/Chandler,_Arizona) , United States Area served U.S. Canada Puerto Rico Revenue $250 million (2013) [1] (#cite_note-chicago-1) $24 million (2012) [2] (#cite_note-forbes-2) $280,000 (2011) [2] (#cite_note-forbes-2) Number of employees 373 (2013) Website thinkgoodness (https://thinkgoodness.com/) .com (https://thinkgoodness.com/) Origami Owl is an American privately owned multi-level marketing (/wiki/Multi-level_marketing) [3] (#cite_note-3) custom jewelry company operating in the U.S., Puerto Rico, and Canada. The company was founded in 2010 by Isabella "Bella" Weems at the age of 14. The company has over 60,000 independent sales consultants who buy materials and tools from the company and sell products to individuals, primarily at in-house sales parties. The main product is the "Living Locket", a clear-faced hollow pendant which can be filled with a variety of charms that are meant to tell a story. History [ edit ] At age 14, Isabella "Bella" Weems founded the company in 2010 with the help of her parents, Chrissy and Warren Weems. [1] (#cite_note-chicago-1) [2] (#cite_note-forbes-2) [4] (#cite_note-Forbes_-_Origami_Owl-4) [5] (#cite_note-biz-5) [6] (#cite_note-cosmo-6) Intending to generate enough money to buy a car for her 16th birthday, Weems used $350 she saved from babysitting and $350 her parents, Chrissy Weems and Warren Weems, gave her to start her company. [1] (#cite_note-chicago-1) [2] (#cite_note-forbes-2) [6] (#cite_note-cosmo-6) Her mother agreed to be her business partner, [1] (#cite_note-chicago-1) though she currently is not employed by the company. [2] (#cite_note-forbes-2) Weems originally used vintage glass lockets purchased online and pieces of jewelry, gems, and others objects to fill them. [6] (#cite_note-cosmo-6) Chrissy and Bella Weems began selling the lockets at parties at their home and in 2011 rented a kiosk in the mall to sell from. [6] (#cite_note-cosmo-6) Unable to pay rent, they received a loan from a family friend that allowed them to continue their business long enough to generate enough revenue. [6] (#cite_note-cosmo-6) After one and a half years, they transformed the company into a direct sales model. [6] (#cite_note-cosmo-6) Business [ edit ] The company runs a direct sales model that uses independent sales consultants. [6] (#cite_note-cosmo-6) The company sells materials and tools to the consultants and receives a percentage of their profits. [6] (#cite_note-cosmo-6) As of 2015, the company sells through more than 60,000 independent sales consultants (which the company calls "independent designers"), primarily using in-home parties. [1] (#cite_note-chicago-1) [7] (#cite_note-KTAR-7) Consultants buy kits from the company, including chains, charms, and lockets, and make their own jewelry to sell. [1] (#cite_note-chicago-1) The company is owned by the Weems family and a number of executives were members of the family. [2] (#cite_note-forbes-2) Weems' uncle John Weems was vice president of IT and Weems' aunt, Jessica Reinhart, worked in marketing. [2] (#cite_note-forbes-2) Weems' uncle, Jeff Reinhart, is COO (/wiki/Chief_operating_officer) . [2] (#cite_note-forbes-2) Jeff Reinhart replaced John Weems as COO. [2] (#cite_note-forbes-2) Though Isabella Weems founded the company, she worked as an intern for it after high school graduation. [6] (#cite_note-cosmo-6) Chrissy Weems, Bella's mother, is the current President and Co-founder of the company. [8] (#cite_note-LinkedIn-8) Weems designed and produced the company's first line of products, including its main product, the "Living Locket". [7] (#cite_note-KTAR-7) The lockets are clear, hollow pendants which can be filled with a selection of charms. [6] (#cite_note-cosmo-6) The charms are meant to allow individuals to "tell their own story with a locket." [6] (#cite_note-cosmo-6) In 2015, the company expanded its operations into Canada. [7] (#cite_note-KTAR-7) In June 2015, Brett Blake replaced Robin Crossman as the company's CEO (/wiki/CEO) . [2] (#cite_note-forbes-2) [5] (#cite_note-biz-5) In July 2017, Chrissy Weems became CEO. References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Jackson, Cheryl V. (22 July 2015). "Origami Owl brings a teenager's vision and success to Chicago" (http://www.chicagotribune.com/bluesky/originals/ct-origami-owl-bella-weems-convention-bsi-20150722-story.html) . Chicago Tribune . Retrieved 15 August 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Strauss Karsten (22 October 2013). "$250 Million For A 14-Year-Old's Big Idea: Origami Owl" (http://www.bizjournals.com/phoenix/news/2015/06/17/origami-owl-appoints-new-ceo-following-canada.html) . Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) . Retrieved 15 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "The Avon Lady's Makeover" (https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2017-03-07/the-avon-lady-s-makeover#xj4y7vzkg) . Bloomberg . ^ (#cite_ref-Forbes_-_Origami_Owl_4-0) Strauss, Karsten. "Forbes Staff" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/karstenstrauss/2013/10/22/250-million-for-a-14-year-olds-big-idea-origami-owl/#241a43a03574) . Forbes . Retrieved 29 June 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b Millard, Jesse A. (17 June 2015). "Origami Owl appoints new CEO following Canada expansion" (http://www.bizjournals.com/phoenix/news/2015/06/17/origami-owl-appoints-new-ceo-following-canada.html) . Phoenix Business Journal . Retrieved 15 August 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k Rudulph, Heather Wood (12 March 2015). "How Bella Weems Started a Million-Dollar Business Before She Turned 18" (http://www.cosmopolitan.com/career/a35708/bella-weems-fit-me/) . Cosmopolitan . Retrieved 15 August 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Chandler's Origami Owl jewelry company to expand to Canada" (http://ktar.com/2015/04/09/chandlers-origami-owl-jewelry-company-to-expand-to-canada/) . KTAR News. 9 April 2015 . Retrieved 15 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-LinkedIn_8-0) Weems, Christian. "President" (https://www.linkedin.com/in/chrissy-weems-7a093295) . LinkedIn . Christian Weems . Retrieved 29 June 2016 . 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Mad-5223 Kolah Namadi (( Persian (/wiki/Persian_language) : کلاه نمدی ), Kolāh namadī, pronounced: kolaah namadee) is a traditional Iranian wool felt hat worn by men in parts of Iran. [1] (#cite_note-1) They come in variety of colours and shapes depending on the region in Iran or the clan that wears it. Today they are worn mostly for ceremonial purposes. [2] (#cite_note-2) Etymology [ edit ] Kolāh is the Persian word for hat whereas namad is the compressed wool, that the hat is made from. Together the word Kolāh namadī means a hat made of namad (compressed wool). [3] (#cite_note-3) Process of production [ edit ] Mirza Kochak Khan Kolah Namadi is a felt hat made out of wool. The hat is made out of sheep, camel or goat hair wool and compressed using heat and water. The wool is mixed with a binding material such as starch, oil, grease, eggs or soap and then given its form using a mould. The hat is shaped into the style specific to the people of the region. [4] (#cite_note-4) History [ edit ] The technique of felting was originally devised in Central Asia in 5th to 3rd Century B.C. [5] (#cite_note-5) Historically wearing a hat was a symbol of honour and pride among Iranian men. [6] (#cite_note-6) Reliefs dating back to ancient Persia illustrate Kolah Namadi and were regular features of Persian and Greek Art. [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) In early twentieth century, Iranian gangs of men used to wear Kolāh namadī as an essential part of their identity and pride. [9] (#cite_note-9) In popular culture [ edit ] Kolah Namadi is regularly featured in Iranian historical films. A 1966 romance film was also given the title Kolah Namadi (The Felt-Hatted Man) [10] (#cite_note-10) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Steingass, F (1998), Persian-English Dictionary: Including Arabic Words and Phrases in Persian , Routledge, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781136852480 , p.1041 ^ (#cite_ref-2) Balslev, Sivan (2019), Iranian Masculinities: Gender and Sexuality in Late Qajar and Early Pahlavi Iran , Cambridge University Press, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781108470636 , p.214 ^ (#cite_ref-3) Steingass, F (1998), Persian-English Dictionary: Including Arabic Words and Phrases in Persian , Routledge, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781136852480 , pp.1040-1041 ^ (#cite_ref-4) Balland, Daniel, Digard, Jean-Pierre (2012), FELT , Encyclopaedia Iranica {{ citation (/wiki/Template:Citation) }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) ) , Vol. IX, Fasc. 5, pp. 484-489 ^ (#cite_ref-5) Balland, Daniel, Digard, Jean-Pierre (2012), FELT , Encyclopaedia Iranica {{ citation (/wiki/Template:Citation) }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) ) , Vol. IX, Fasc. 5, pp. 484-489 ^ (#cite_ref-6) Balslev, Sivan (2019), Iranian Masculinities: Gender and Sexuality in Late Qajar and Early Pahlavi Iran , Cambridge University Press, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781108470636 , pp.213-214 ^ (#cite_ref-7) Slater, William J. (1995), Dining in a Classical Context , The University of Michigan, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0472101943 , p.62 ^ (#cite_ref-8) Balland, Daniel, Digard, Jean-Pierre (2012), FELT , Encyclopaedia Iranica {{ citation (/wiki/Template:Citation) }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) ) , Vol. IX, Fasc. 5, pp. 484-489 ^ (#cite_ref-9) Naficy, Hamid (2011), A Social History of Iranian Cinema, Volume 2: The Industrializing Years 1941-1978 , Duke University Press, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0822347743 , p.283 ^ (#cite_ref-10) The Felt-hatted Man (1966) Kolah namadi (original title) (accessed=March 21, 2020) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7999cd8dc7‐xk2v5 Cached time: 20240711031144 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.250 seconds Real time usage: 0.298 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 452/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 16793/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 76/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 37299/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.187/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 19737518/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 274.402 1 -total 53.92% 147.948 1 Template:Reflist 44.30% 121.572 10 Template:Citation 44.14% 121.114 1 Template:Lang-fa 0.61% 1.670 1 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:63433963-0!canonical and timestamp 20240711031144 and revision id 1233480624. 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American model and media personality (born 1998) Sofia Richie Grainge Richie at a photoshoot in 2017 Born Sofia Alexandra Richie ( 1998-08-24 ) August 24, 1998 (age 25) Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) , California (/wiki/California) , U.S. Occupations Social media personality model fashion designer Spouse Elliot Grainge (/wiki/Elliot_Grainge) ( m. 2023 ) Children Eloise Samantha Grainge Parent Lionel Richie (/wiki/Lionel_Richie) (father) Relatives Nicole Richie (/wiki/Nicole_Richie) (sister) Modeling information Height 5 ft 6 in (1.68 m) Eye color Hazel Agency Select Model Management (/wiki/Select_Model_Management) (London) Sofia Alexandra Grainge ( née (/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names) Richie ; born August 24, 1998) is an American social media personality and model. She has been featured in campaigns by a number of major brands including Stuart Weitzman (/wiki/Stuart_Weitzman) , Tommy Hilfiger (/wiki/Tommy_Hilfiger_(company)) , Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors) , and Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) . [1] (#cite_note-1) She is the youngest daughter of singer Lionel Richie (/wiki/Lionel_Richie) and sister of television personality Nicole Richie (/wiki/Nicole_Richie) . [2] (#cite_note-2) Early life [ edit ] Sofia Richie was born on August 24, 1998, [3] (#cite_note-People_Passages-3) in Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) to musician Lionel Richie (/wiki/Lionel_Richie) and his second wife Diane Alexander. She is the younger sister of Nicole Richie (/wiki/Nicole_Richie) and Miles Richie. [3] (#cite_note-People_Passages-3) Sofia Richie's godfather was singer Michael Jackson (/wiki/Michael_Jackson) . She reported that her visits to Jackson's Neverland Ranch (/wiki/Neverland_Ranch) were some of her favorite memories as a child, and she became close friends with his daughter, Paris (/wiki/Paris_Jackson) . [4] (#cite_note-Evening_Standard-4) Richie grew up with an affinity for music like her father. She learned to sing at age five and play the piano at age seven. [5] (#cite_note-Billboard_Style_Issue-5) She made occasional appearances at her father's shows [4] (#cite_note-Evening_Standard-4) and took vocal lessons from vocal coach Tim Carter when she was 14. [5] (#cite_note-Billboard_Style_Issue-5) She also worked in the studio with her brother-in-law, Good Charlotte (/wiki/Good_Charlotte) lead vocalist Joel Madden (/wiki/Joel_Madden) . [6] (#cite_note-Teen_Vogue-6) [5] (#cite_note-Billboard_Style_Issue-5) However, she decided to move away from a music career because of the pressure of living up to her father's stature in the music industry. [7] (#cite_note-Complex_Family_Business-7) She made several appearances in her sister Nicole's reality television series Candidly Nicole (/wiki/Candidly_Nicole) in 2014. [8] (#cite_note-8) Richie spent some time at Oaks Christian School (/wiki/Oaks_Christian_School) —nicknamed "Celebrity High"—before being educated at home for several years while her father was on tour. She played soccer until age 16 when she broke her hip in a Segway (/wiki/Segway_PT) accident. [7] (#cite_note-Complex_Family_Business-7) Career [ edit ] Modeling [ edit ] Richie began modeling at age 14 with a feature in Teen Vogue (/wiki/Teen_Vogue) [6] (#cite_note-Teen_Vogue-6) and at 15 she got her first fashion contract with Los Angeles–based swimwear company Mary Grace Swim. [9] (#cite_note-Huffington_Post-9) The next year, Richie signed with London-based modeling agency Select Model Management (/wiki/Select_Model_Management) . [10] (#cite_note-Glamour_Modeling_Contract-10) In 2014, Richie was featured on Who What Wear and NationAlist Magazine , and teamed up with Teen Vogue and Olay (/wiki/Olay) for that year's "Fresh to School" online campaign. In early 2015, she appeared in editorials for Elle Girl (/wiki/Elle_Girl) , Nylon (/wiki/Nylon_(magazine)) , Dazed (/wiki/Dazed) , Fault, Unleash'd and Love Culture . She made her runway debut in February 2016 at the American Heart Association (/wiki/American_Heart_Association) 's Go Red For Women Red Dress Collection fashion show during New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) . [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) Richie has since walked the runway for Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) , [13] (#cite_note-13) Jeremy Scott (/wiki/Jeremy_Scott) , Philipp Plein (/wiki/Philipp_Plein) , Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) 's Yeezy line, Samantha Thavasa (/wiki/Samantha_Thavasa) and Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) . Richie has featured in advertising campaigns for a number of brands including DL1961 (/wiki/DL1961) , [14] (#cite_note-Elle_DL1961-14) Madonna (/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)) 's Material Girl line, [4] (#cite_note-Evening_Standard-4) Jacquie Aiche, [15] (#cite_note-15) Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) , [16] (#cite_note-Footwear_News-16) Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors) , [17] (#cite_note-People_Advice-17) PrettyLittleThing (/wiki/PrettyLittleThing) [18] (#cite_note-18) and Tommy Hilfiger (/wiki/Tommy_Hilfiger) . [19] (#cite_note-W_Magazine_Hilfiger-19) She has appeared in editorials for Tings , [20] (#cite_note-20) Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) , Seventeen (/wiki/Seventeen_(American_magazine)) [21] (#cite_note-21) and Vanity Fair (/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)) . [7] (#cite_note-Complex_Family_Business-7) Richie has graced the covers of numerous international fashion magazines, including Mexico's InStyle (/wiki/InStyle) ; [22] (#cite_note-22) US' Complex (/wiki/Complex_(magazine)) , [7] (#cite_note-Complex_Family_Business-7) Cosmopolitan (/wiki/Cosmopolitan_(magazine)) [23] (#cite_note-23) [24] (#cite_note-24) and Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) magazine's style issue, [5] (#cite_note-Billboard_Style_Issue-5) Sweets! Magazine , Manifesto, Galore, [25] (#cite_note-25) Remix (/wiki/Remix_(magazine)) , [26] (#cite_note-26) Dujour (/wiki/DuJour_Media) and Es Magazine (/wiki/ES_Magazine) ; UK's Cosmopolitan , [27] (#cite_note-27) Tatler (/wiki/Tatler) and Asos Magazine (/wiki/ASOS.com) ; [28] (#cite_note-28) Japan's Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) and Popular ; [29] (#cite_note-29) Brazil's L'officiel (/wiki/L%27Officiel) ; [30] (#cite_note-30) and Singapore's L'Officiel (/wiki/L%27Officiel) . [31] (#cite_note-31) Fashion design [ edit ] Richie teamed up with Frankie's Bikinis to launch a colorful swimwear collection, released on July 8, 2019, by Francesca Aiello. [32] (#cite_note-32) [33] (#cite_note-33) The collection included tie-dye bathing suits, neon colors and bright florals. [34] (#cite_note-34) Richie designed a clothing collection called "Sofia Richie x Missguided" for UK-based retailer Missguided (/wiki/Missguided) , which was released on September 17, 2019. [35] (#cite_note-:1-35) The 60-piece collection included tailored pieces, mini dresses and classic coordinating sets, and all the items were priced between $20 and $100. [36] (#cite_note-36) In February 2020, she released a collaboration titled "Rolla's x Sofia Richie" with denim brand Rolla Jeans. [37] (#cite_note-37) [38] (#cite_note-38) In March 2020, she announced her plans to launch a line of swimwear later that year. [39] (#cite_note-39) [40] (#cite_note-:0-40) Richie wants to eventually expand her collection into a fashion line and launch a beauty company focusing on hair and body. [40] (#cite_note-:0-40) [41] (#cite_note-41) In May 2021, Richie teamed up with her sister Nicole's lifestyle brand House of Harlow 1960 (/wiki/House_of_Harlow_1960) and launched a clothing collection Sofia Richie x House of Harlow 1960. [42] (#cite_note-42) It was a 57-piece line sold at Revolve's online store. [43] (#cite_note-43) In July 2021, she created a capsule collection with 8 Other Reasons consisting of 61 pieces, including jewelry, anklets, bucket hats, tops, metal bags, rings, scarves and eyewear. [44] (#cite_note-:2-44) Her clothing collection with Macy's (/wiki/Macy%27s) brand Bar III was released in November 2021. The collection was priced from $39.50 to $149.50. [45] (#cite_note-45) List of fashion collections by Sofia Richie Year Title Brand Notes 2019 "Frankies Bikinis x Sofia Richie" Frankie's Bikinis Bikini collection [46] (#cite_note-46) 2019 "Sofia Richie x Missguided" Missguided (/wiki/Missguided) Clothing collection [35] (#cite_note-:1-35) 2020 "Rolla's x Sofia Richie" Rolla Jeans 2021 "Sofia Richie x House of Harlow 1960" House of Harlow 1960 (/wiki/House_of_Harlow) 2021 "8 Other Reasons x Sofia Richie" 8 Other Reasons [44] (#cite_note-:2-44) 2021 "Sofia Richie x bar III" Bar III Richie in February 2017 Social media [ edit ] Richie endorses products such as beauty and wellness on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) . She has partnered with numerous brands, including Darya Hope, Lulus, [47] (#cite_note-47) Suspicious Antwerp, [48] (#cite_note-48) Nip + Fab, [49] (#cite_note-49) Coca-Cola Zero Sugar (/wiki/Coca-Cola_Zero_Sugar) , Cotton On (/wiki/Cotton_On_Group) and Cheetos (/wiki/Cheetos) . [50] (#cite_note-50) Personal life [ edit ] Richie was in a relationship with Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) from August to December 2016. [51] (#cite_note-51) [52] (#cite_note-52) Richie had an on-again, off-again relationship (/wiki/On-again,_off-again_relationship) with media personality Scott Disick (/wiki/Scott_Disick) from 2017 to 2020. [53] (#cite_note-53) [54] (#cite_note-54) [55] (#cite_note-Cohen-55) [56] (#cite_note-Romero-56) [57] (#cite_note-57) [58] (#cite_note-58) In April 2021, Richie confirmed her relationship with music executive Elliot Grainge (/wiki/Elliot_Grainge) , [59] (#cite_note-59) [60] (#cite_note-60) the son of chairman and CEO of Universal Music Group (/wiki/Universal_Music_Group) Lucian Grainge (/wiki/Lucian_Grainge) . [61] (#cite_note-61) On April 20, 2022, she announced her engagement to Grainge on her Instagram. [62] (#cite_note-62) Richie converted to Judaism (/wiki/Conversion_to_Judaism) ahead of her wedding, [63] (#cite_note-63) [64] (#cite_note-64) and they were married on April 22, 2023, in the south of France. [65] (#cite_note-65) In January 2024, she announced she and Grainge were expecting their first child, a girl. [66] (#cite_note-66) On May 20, she gave birth to a daughter, Eloise. [67] (#cite_note-67) Filmography [ edit ] Television roles Year Title Role Notes 2014 Candidly Nicole (/wiki/Candidly_Nicole) Herself 3 episodes 2016 Red, White and Bootsy TV movie 2019 Flip It Like Disick (/wiki/Flip_It_Like_Disick) Episode: "The Race to Finish" Keeping Up with the Kardashians (/wiki/Keeping_Up_with_the_Kardashians) Episode: "Three's Company" Film roles Year Title Role Notes 2018 Ocean's 8 (/wiki/Ocean%27s_8) Herself Cameo References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Sofia Richie | Wonderland Magazine" (http://www.wonderlandmagazine.com/2016/12/20/sofia-richie/) . Wonderland . December 20, 2016 . Retrieved January 18, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Girl, Galore (September 15, 2015). "It's Only The Beginning For Sofia Richie: The It-Girl Takes On Fashion Icon" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170626183232/https://galoremag.com/its-only-the-beginning-for-sofia-richie-the-it-girl-takes-on-fashion-icon/) . Galore . Archived from the original (https://galoremag.com/its-only-the-beginning-for-sofia-richie-the-it-girl-takes-on-fashion-icon/) on June 26, 2017 . Retrieved January 18, 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b Craig, David Cobb (September 14, 1998). "Passages" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160920184420/http://people.com/people/article/0,,20126285,00.html) . People . Archived from the original (http://people.com/archive/passages-vol-50-no-9/) on September 20, 2016 . Retrieved June 14, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Lipworth, Elaine (March 23, 2017). "Sofia Richie: say hello to Lionel's daughter" (https://www.standard.co.uk/lifestyle/esmagazine/sofia-richie-say-hello-to-lionels-daughter-a3209476.html) . Evening Standard . Retrieved June 14, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Martins, Chris (September 8, 2016). "Billboard Style Issue: Sofia Richie on Lessons Learned From Her Famous Father (Yes, Lionel) & Her 'Special Relationship' With Justin Bieber" (http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/7502741/sophia-richie-style-issue-billboard-cover) . Billboard . Retrieved June 14, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b Keltner de Valle, Jane (November 1, 2012). "Meet Nicole Richie's Little Sister Sofia" (http://www.teenvogue.com/gallery/sofia-richie) . Teen Vogue . Retrieved June 14, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Haithcoat, Rebecca (December 2016). "Family Business" (http://www.complex.com/pop-culture/sofia-richie-interview-2016-cover-story) . Complex . Retrieved June 14, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Sisavat, Monica (August 16, 2016). "She's Starred in a Reality TV Show" (https://www.popsugar.co.uk/node/42228341) . POPSUGAR Celebrity UK . Retrieved March 14, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Huffington_Post_9-0) Adams, Rebecca (December 12, 2013). "Sofia Richie, Nicole Richie's 15-Year-Old Sister, Is Officially A Model" (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/12/12/sofia-richie-nicole-photos_n_4432896.html) . Huffington Post . Retrieved June 14, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-Glamour_Modeling_Contract_10-0) Cicurel, Deborah (December 10, 2014). "Lionel Richie's daughter Sofia lands a modelling contract" (https://www.glamourmagazine.co.uk/article/lionel-richie-daughter-sofia-lands-modelling-deal-with-select-model-management) . Glamour . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Nicole Richie's 17-Year-old Sister Sofia Feared NYFW Runway Debut" (https://www.eonline.com/news/739643/sofia-richie-nicole-richie-s-17-year-old-sister-feared-making-runway-debut-at-new-york-fashion-week) . E! Online . February 12, 2016 . Retrieved September 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Cusumano, Katherine (September 9, 2017). "Lionel Richie Finally Saw Sofia Richie Walk a Runway at Jeremy Scott Spring 2018" (https://www.wmagazine.com/story/lionel-richie-sofia-richie-jeremy-scott-spring-2018) . Wmagazine.com . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Lily-Rose Depp and Sofia Richie Sparkled for Their Chanel Runway Debuts in Paris" (https://www.glamour.com/story/lily-rose-depp-and-sofia-richie-chanel-runway-debuts) . Glamour . December 6, 2016 . Retrieved September 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-Elle_DL1961_14-0) Rodulfo, Kristina (February 1, 2017). "Sofia Richie and Jasmine "Golden Barbie" Sanders Star in DL1961's Spring 2017 Campaign" (http://www.elle.com/fashion/news/a42573/sofia-richie-jasmine-sanders-dl1961-spring-2017/) . Elle . Retrieved June 14, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Time, The Singapore (March 19, 2022). "Sofia Richie looks fabulous as she shows flesh in busty snaps for Jacquie Aiche" (https://www.thesingaporetime.com/sofia-richie-looks-fabulous-as-she-shows-flesh-in-busty-snaps-for-jacquie-aiche/) . The Singapore Time . Retrieved April 12, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Footwear_News_16-0) Hirschmiller, Stephanie (April 25, 2017). "Sofia Richie Stars in Foot Locker's Latest Adidas Originals Iniki Campaign in Tiny '70s Mini Skirt" (http://footwearnews.com/2017/fashion/athletic-outdoor/sofia-richie-adidas-iniki-foot-locker-342031/) . Footwear News . Retrieved June 14, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-People_Advice_17-0) Kanter, Sharon (November 4, 2016). "Lionel Richie's Advice to 18-Year-Old Daughter Sofia Richie on Modeling: 'Surrender to the Moment' (http://people.com/style/lionel-richie-daughter-sofia-richie-michael-kors/) " (http://people.com/style/lionel-richie-daughter-sofia-richie-michael-kors/) . People . Retrieved June 23, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Medina, Marcy (October 12, 2016). 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"Scott Disick and Sofia Richie Are "No Longer Speaking" After Official Breakup" (https://www.eonline.com/news/1180435/scott-disick-and-sofia-richie-are-no-longer-speaking-after-official-breakup) . E! Online . Retrieved August 21, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-58) Bonner, Mehera (March 19, 2021). "Inside Scott Disick and Sofia Richie's WTF, Wild, and Weirdly Cute Life Before Their Split" (https://www.cosmopolitan.com/entertainment/a22151501/scott-disick-sofia-richie-relationship-timeline/) . Cosmopolitan . Retrieved September 5, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-59) Bowenbank, Starr (April 8, 2021). "Sofia Richie Just Went Instagram Official With Her Hot Music Exec Boyfriend, Elliot Grainge" (https://www.cosmopolitan.com/entertainment/celebs/a36049094/sofia-richie-dating-music-executive-elliot-grainge/) . Cosmopolitan . Retrieved September 5, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-60) Pasquini, Maria; Gibson, Kelsie. 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Retrieved April 20, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-63) "Lionel Richie's daughter converts to Judaism ahead of her wedding" (https://www.i24news.tv/en/news/international/culture/1680602710-lionel-richie-s-daughter-converts-to-judaism-ahead-of-her-wedding) . i24 . ^ (#cite_ref-64) Hananel, Inbal (April 4, 2023). "For love's sake: Lionel Richie's daughter converts to Judaism" (https://www.ynetnews.com/culture/article/hydezm5112) . Ynet (/wiki/Ynet) . Retrieved April 5, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-65) Macon, Alexandra (April 22, 2023). "Inside Sofia Richie's Final Wedding Dress Fitting at Chanel" (https://www.vogue.com/slideshow/sofia-richie-chanel-wedding-dress-fitting) . Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) . Condé Nast (/wiki/Cond%C3%A9_Nast) . Retrieved April 22, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-66) Macon, Alexandra (January 25, 2024). "Sofia Richie Is Pregnant! Model Expecting Baby Girl with Husband Elliot Grainge" (https://people.com/sofia-richie-pregnant-expecting-first-baby-husband-elliot-grainge-7502407) . People (/wiki/People_(magazine)) . Retrieved January 25, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-67) Macon, Alexandra (May 24, 2024). "Sofia Richie Grainge Has Given Birth to Her First Child—And the Name Is…" (https://www.vogue.com/article/sofia-richie-grainge-baby-announcemnt) . Vogue . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sofia Richie (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sofia_Richie) . Sofia Richie (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm6512373/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Sofia Richie (https://models.com/models/sofia-richie/) on Models.com Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) : Artists MusicBrainz (https://musicbrainz.org/artist/248a983f-9164-4419-8f98-eb643a73abfb) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐wdcd7 Cached time: 20240720164846 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.860 seconds Real time usage: 1.107 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 5635/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 134951/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 5638/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 18/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 261600/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.546/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 10628358/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1010.025 1 -total 41.06% 414.750 1 Template:Reflist 29.97% 302.746 1 Template:Infobox_model 27.45% 277.267 48 Template:Cite_web 9.67% 97.717 1 Template:Commons_category 9.46% 95.575 1 Template:Sister_project 9.30% 93.889 1 Template:Side_box 7.40% 74.732 2 Template:If_then_show 7.04% 71.095 1 Template:Short_description 5.96% 60.231 1 Template:Marriage Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:54295618-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720164846 and revision id 1234364232. 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(Redirected from Surfer's cross (/w/index.php?title=Surfer%27s_cross&redirect=no) ) German military decoration and symbol For other uses, see Iron Cross (disambiguation) (/wiki/Iron_Cross_(disambiguation)) . This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Iron_Cross) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Iron Cross" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Iron+Cross%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Iron+Cross%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Iron+Cross%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Iron+Cross%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Iron+Cross%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Iron+Cross%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( January 2023 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Standard, most basic form of the Iron Cross The Iron Cross (German: Eisernes Kreuz , listen ⓘ (/wiki/File:De-EisernesKreuz.ogg) , abbreviated EK) was a military decoration (/wiki/Military_decoration) in the Kingdom of Prussia (/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia) , and later in the German Empire (/wiki/German_Empire) (1871–1918) and Nazi Germany (/wiki/Nazi_Germany) (1933–1945). The design, a black cross pattée (/wiki/Cross_patt%C3%A9e) with a white or silver outline, was derived from the insignia of the medieval Teutonic Order (/wiki/Teutonic_Order) and borne by its knights (/wiki/Knight) from the 13th century. As well as being a military medal, it has also been used as an emblem by the Prussian Army (/wiki/Prussian_Army) , the Imperial German Army (/wiki/Imperial_German_Army) , and the Reichswehr (/wiki/Reichswehr) of the Weimar Republic (/wiki/Weimar_Republic) , while the Balkenkreuz (/wiki/Balkenkreuz) (bar cross) variant was used by the Wehrmacht (/wiki/Wehrmacht) . The Iron Cross is now the emblem of the Bundeswehr (/wiki/Bundeswehr) , the modern German armed forces. Black Cross of the Teutonic Order (/wiki/Teutonic_Order) ( Leechkirche (/w/index.php?title=Leechkirche&action=edit&redlink=1) [ de (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leechkirche) ] , Graz (/wiki/Graz) ) Collection of Iron Cross decorations throughout German military history King Frederick William III of Prussia (/wiki/King_Frederick_William_III_of_Prussia) established the Iron Cross award on 17 March 1813 during the Napoleonic Wars (/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars) (EK 1813). The award was backdated to the birthday (10 March) of his late wife, Queen Louise (/wiki/Louise_of_Mecklenburg-Strelitz) , who was the first person to receive it (posthumously). The Iron Cross was also awarded during the Franco-Prussian War (/wiki/Franco-Prussian_War) (EK 1870), World War I (/wiki/World_War_I) (EK 1914), and World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) (EK 1939). During World War II, the Nazi regime made their own version by superimposing a swastika (/wiki/Swastika) on the medal. The Iron Cross was usually a military decoration only, though some were awarded to civilians for performing military roles, including Hanna Reitsch (/wiki/Hanna_Reitsch) and Melitta Schenk Gräfin von Stauffenberg (/wiki/Melitta_Schenk_Gr%C3%A4fin_von_Stauffenberg) for being civilian test pilots during World War II. Since the late 20th century, the symbol has also been adopted into the outlaw motorcycle (/wiki/Outlaw_motorcycle_club) subculture and heavy metal fashion (/wiki/Heavy_metal_fashion) . Black Cross emblem [ edit ] Further information: Reichskriegsflagge (/wiki/Reichskriegsflagge) , Flag of Prussia (/wiki/Flag_of_Prussia) , Flag of Germany (/wiki/Flag_of_Germany) , and Black Cross (Teutonic Order) (/wiki/Black_Cross_(Teutonic_Order)) War flag of Prussia (/wiki/Flag_of_Prussia) (1816) The Black Cross ( Schwarzes Kreuz ) is the emblem used by the Prussian Army (/wiki/Prussian_Army) and Germany's army from 1871 to the present. It was designed on the occasion of the German Campaign of 1813 (/wiki/German_Campaign_of_1813) , when Friedrich Wilhelm III of Prussia (/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_III_of_Prussia) commissioned the Iron Cross as the first military decoration open to all ranks, including enlisted men. From this time, the Black Cross was featured on the Prussian war flag (/wiki/Flag_of_Prussia) alongside the Black Eagle. It was designed by neoclassical architect Karl Friedrich Schinkel (/wiki/Karl_Friedrich_Schinkel) , based on Friedrich Wilhelm III. [ citation needed ] The design is ultimately derivative of the black cross (/wiki/Black_Cross_(Teutonic_Order)) used by the Teutonic Order (/wiki/Teutonic_Order) . [ citation needed ] This heraldic cross took various forms throughout the order's history, including a Latin cross (/wiki/Latin_cross) , a cross potent (/wiki/Cross_potent) , cross fleury (/wiki/Cross_fleury) , and occasionally also a cross pattée (/wiki/Cross_patt%C3%A9e) . When the Quadriga (/wiki/Quadriga) of the Goddess of Peace was retrieved from Paris at Napoleon's fall, it was re-established atop Berlin's Brandenburg Gate (/wiki/Brandenburg_Gate) . An Iron Cross was inserted into Peace's laurel (/wiki/Bay_laurel) wreath (/wiki/Wreath) , making her into a Goddess of Victory (/wiki/Victoria_(mythology)) . In 1821 Schinkel crowned the top of his design of the National Monument for the Liberation Wars (/wiki/Prussian_National_Monument_for_the_Liberation_Wars) with an Iron Cross, becoming name-giving as Kreuzberg (/wiki/Kreuzberg_(Tempelhofer_Berge)) (cross mountain) for the hill it stands on and, 100 years later, for the homonymous quarter (/wiki/Kreuzberg) adjacent to it. [1] (#cite_note-Wille_1986_21-1) The Black Cross was used on the naval and combat flags of the German Empire (/wiki/German_Empire) . The Black Cross was used as the German Army symbol until 1915 when a simpler Balkenkreuz replaced it. The Reichswehr (/wiki/Reichswehr) of the Weimar Republic (/wiki/Weimar_Republic) (1921–35), the Wehrmacht (/wiki/Wehrmacht) of Nazi Germany (/wiki/Nazi_Germany) (1935–45), and the Bundeswehr (/wiki/Bundeswehr) (1 October 1956 to present) also inherited the use of the emblem in various forms. The traditional design in black is used on armored vehicles and aircraft, while after German reunification (/wiki/German_reunification) , a new creation in blue and silver was introduced for use in other contexts. Medal and ribbon design [ edit ] Various versions from 1813 to 1870 This section does not cite (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) any sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this section (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Iron_Cross) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence) . ( November 2022 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) The ribbon (/wiki/Ribbon) for the 1813, 1870 and 1914 Iron Cross (2nd Class) was black with two thin white bands, the colors of Prussia. The non-combatant version of this award had the same medal, but the black and white colors on the ribbon were reversed. The ribbon color for the 1939 EKII was black/white/red/white/black. Since the Iron Cross was issued over several different periods of German history, it was annotated with the year indicating the era in which it was issued. For example, an Iron Cross from World War I bears the year "1914", while the same decoration from World War II is annotated "1939". The reverse of the 1870, 1914 and 1939 series of Iron Crosses have the year "1813" appearing on the lower arm, symbolizing the year the award was created. The 1813 decoration also has the initials "FW" for King Friedrich Wilhelm III (/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_III) , while the next two have a "W" for the respective kaisers, Wilhelm I (/wiki/Wilhelm_I,_German_Emperor) and Wilhelm II (/wiki/Wilhelm_II,_German_Emperor) . The final version shows a swastika (/wiki/Swastika) representing the Nazi Party (/wiki/Nazi_Party) instead of a letter for a German monarch. There was also the "1957" issue, a replacement medal for holders of the 1939 series which substituted an oak-leaf cluster for the banned swastika. When the Iron Cross was reauthorized for World War I in 1914, it was possible for individuals who had previously been awarded one in 1870 to be subsequently granted another. These recipients were recognized with the award of a clasp featuring a miniaturized 1914 Iron Cross on a metal bar. [2] (#cite_note-dhm1-2) The award was quite rare, since by this time there were few in service who held the 1870 Iron Cross. In World War II it was also possible for a holder of the 1914 Iron Cross to be awarded a second or higher grade of the 1939 Iron Cross. In such cases, a " 1939 Clasp (/wiki/Clasp_to_the_Iron_Cross) " ( Spange ) would be worn on the original 1914 Iron Cross. For the 1st Class award, the Spange appears as an eagle with the date "1939". This was pinned to the uniform above the original medal. Although they were two separate awards in some cases the holders soldered them together. A cross has been the symbol of Germany's armed forces (now the Bundeswehr ) since 1871. Wars of Liberation [ edit ] On 17 March 1813 King Frederick William III of Prussia, who had fled to non-occupied Breslau (today Wrocław (/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw) ), established the military decoration of the Iron Cross, backdated to 10 March (the late Queen Louise (/wiki/Louise_of_Mecklenburg-Strelitz) 's birthday). [3] (#cite_note-Nungesser_1987_29-3) The Iron Cross was awarded to soldiers during the Wars of Liberation (/wiki/German_campaign_(Napoleonic_Wars)) against Napoleon. Before a soldier could be awarded with the Iron Cross 1st Class, he needed to have been decorated with the Iron Cross 2nd Class. [4] (#cite_note-Militaria_Lexikon-4) It was first awarded to Karl August Ferdinand von Borcke (/wiki/Karl_August_Ferdinand_von_Borcke) on 21 April 1813. [5] (#cite_note-borcke-5) The first form of the Iron Crosses 1st Class were stitched in ribbon to the left uniform breast. By order of 1 June 1813, the 2nd form was created in cast iron with silver borders, and 8 loops on the reverse, to be fixed to the left uniform breast. In 1817 a total of 670 chevaliers had received the Iron Cross 1st Class. [6] (#cite_note-6) King Frederick William III of Prussia (/wiki/Frederick_William_III_of_Prussia) , creator of the award 1813 Iron Cross Field Marshal Blücher (/wiki/Gebhard_Leberecht_von_Bl%C3%BCcher) wearing the 1813 Grand Cross of the Iron Cross (/wiki/Grand_Cross_of_the_Iron_Cross) (around his neck), and the Star (/wiki/Star_of_the_Grand_Cross_of_the_Iron_Cross) (on his chest) Franco-Prussian War [ edit ] King Wilhelm I of Prussia authorized further awards on 19 July 1870, during the Franco-Prussian War (/wiki/Franco-Prussian_War) . Recipients of the 1870 Iron Cross who were still in service in 1895 were authorized to purchase and wear above the cross a Jubiläumsspange ("Jubilee clip"), a 25-year clasp consisting of the numerals "25" on three oak leaves. [2] (#cite_note-dhm1-2) William Manley (/wiki/William_Manley) is possibly the only recipient of both the Iron Cross and the Victoria Cross (/wiki/Victoria_Cross) . He was awarded the Iron Cross for service with an ambulance unit in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71. [7] (#cite_note-7) World War I [ edit ] 1914 Iron Cross Emperor Wilhelm II (/wiki/Wilhelm_II) reauthorized the Iron Cross on 5 August 1914, at the start of World War I (/wiki/World_War_I) . During these three periods, the Iron Cross was an award of the Kingdom of Prussia, although—given Prussia's pre-eminent place in the German Empire (/wiki/German_Empire) formed in 1871—it tended to be treated as a generic German decoration. The 1813, 1870, and 1914 Iron Crosses had three grades: Iron Cross, 2nd class, ( Eisernes Kreuz 2. Klasse , or EKII) Iron Cross, 1st class, ( Eisernes Kreuz 1. Klasse , or EKI) Grand Cross of the Iron Cross (/wiki/Grand_Cross_of_the_Iron_Cross) ( Großkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes , often simply Großkreuz ) Although the obverse (/wiki/Obverse) of the medals of each class was identical, the manner in which each was worn differed. The Iron Cross, 1st class, employed a pin or screw posts on the back of the medal, and was worn on the left side of the recipient's uniform, like the original 1813 version. The Iron Cross 2nd Class, and the larger Grand Cross, were suspended from different ribbons: the Grand Cross from a neck ribbon, the 2nd Class from a ribbon on the chest. The usual display of the 2nd Class version was as a ribbon through one of the button holes in the recipient's tunic. The Grand Cross was intended for senior generals of the Prussian (/wiki/Prussian_Army) or (later) the German Army. An even higher decoration, the Star of the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross (/wiki/Star_of_the_Grand_Cross_of_the_Iron_Cross) (also called the Blücher Star ), was awarded only twice, to Generalfeldmarschall (/wiki/Generalfeldmarschall) Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher (/wiki/Gebhard_Leberecht_von_Bl%C3%BCcher) in 1813 and to Generalfeldmarschall Paul von Hindenburg (/wiki/Paul_von_Hindenburg) in 1918. A third award was planned for the most successful German general during World War II, but was not made after the defeat of Germany (/wiki/Defeat_of_Germany) in 1945. The Iron Cross, 1st class, and the Iron Cross, 2nd class, were awarded without regard to rank. One had to possess the 2nd Class already in order to receive the 1st Class (though in some cases both could be awarded simultaneously). The egalitarian nature of this award contrasted with those of most other German states (and indeed of many other European monarchies), where military decorations were awarded based on the rank of the recipient. For example, Bavarian (/wiki/Bavaria) officers received various grades of that Kingdom's Military Merit Order (/wiki/Military_Merit_Order_(Bavaria)) ( Militär-Verdienstorden ), while enlisted men received various grades of the Military Merit Cross (/wiki/Military_Merit_Cross_(Bavaria)) ( Militär-Verdienstkreuz ). Prussia did have other orders and medals which it awarded on the basis of rank, and even though the Iron Cross was intended to be awarded without regard to rank, officers and NCOs were more likely to receive it than junior enlisted soldiers. During World War I, approximately 218,000 EKIs, 5,196,000 EKIIs and 13,000 non-combatant EKIIs were awarded. [8] (#cite_note-8) Exact numbers of awards are not known, since the Prussian military archives were destroyed during World War II. The multitude of awards reduced the status and reputation of the decoration. Among the holders of the 1914 Iron Cross, 2nd class, and 1st Class was Adolf Hitler (/wiki/Adolf_Hitler) , who served as an Austrian citizen in the Bavarian Army (/wiki/Bavarian_Army) with the rank of Gefreiter (/wiki/Gefreiter) (lance-corporal), he received these medals for showing bravery on the field of battle. [9] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShirer196030-9) Most photographs of Hitler show him wearing his EKI in standard fashion on his left breast. World War I Iron Cross, 1st Class Certificate of award to a musketeer in the Royal Prussian Landwehr, October 1918 German soldiers who had been awarded the Iron Cross Allied Propaganda versions [ edit ] This section does not cite (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) any sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this section (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Iron_Cross) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence) . ( November 2022 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) In 1914, a variety of very crude anti-German propaganda versions of the Iron Cross were created by the Allies, and sold to raise money for the war effort and the relief of Belgian refugees (/wiki/Belgian_refugees) . One was inscribed "FOR KULTUR" in raised letters, another "FOR BRUTALITY." Yet another showed the names of French and Belgian towns attacked or destroyed during the retreat from Mons (/wiki/Retreat_from_Mons) on the ends of the upper arms of the cross; these included Rheims (/wiki/Rheims) , Louvain (/wiki/Louvain,_Belgium) and Amiens (/wiki/Amiens) on one side, and Antwerp (/wiki/Antwerp) , Dinant (/wiki/Dinant) and Ghent (/wiki/Ghent) on the other, with the date 1914 on the lower arm, and a central W for Kaiser Wilhelm (/wiki/Wilhelm_II,_German_Emperor) as on the original. Another commemorated the raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby (/wiki/Raid_on_Scarborough,_Hartlepool_and_Whitby) , showing the names of these "war atrocities" on the arms of the cross. World War II [ edit ] 1939 Iron Cross World War II Iron Cross, 1st class, with certificate Adolf Hitler restored the Iron Cross in 1939 as a German decoration (rather than Prussian), and continued the tradition of issuing it in various classes. Legally, it is based on the "Enactment for the re-introduction of the Iron Cross" ( Verordnung über die Erneuerung des Eisernen Kreuzes ) of 1 September 1939. [10] (#cite_note-RGBl._I_S._1573-10) The Iron Cross of World War II was divided into three main series of decorations with an intermediate category, the Knight's Cross (/wiki/Knight%27s_Cross_of_the_Iron_Cross) , instituted between the lowest, the Iron Cross, and the highest, the Grand Cross. The Knight's Cross replaced the Prussian Pour le Mérite (/wiki/Pour_le_M%C3%A9rite) or "Blue Max". Hitler did not care for the Pour le Mérite , as it was a Prussian order that could be awarded only to officers. The ribbon of the medal (2nd class and Knight's Cross) was different from the earlier Iron Crosses as the color red was used in addition to the traditional black and white (black and white were the colors of Prussia, while black, white, and red were the colors of Nazi Germany). Hitler also created the War Merit Cross (/wiki/War_Merit_Cross) as a replacement for the non-combatant version of the Iron Cross. It also appeared on certain Nazi flags in the upper left corner. The sides of the cross were curved, like most original iron crosses. Iron Cross (1939) [ edit ] The standard 1939 Iron Cross was issued in the following two grades: Iron Cross, 2nd class, ( Eisernes Kreuz 2. Klasse – abbreviated as EK II or E.K.II.) Iron Cross, 1st class, ( Eisernes Kreuz 1. Klasse – abbreviated as EK I or E.K.I.) The Iron Cross was awarded for bravery in battle as well as other military contributions in a battlefield environment. The Iron Cross, 2nd class, came with a ribbon and the cross itself was worn in one of two different ways: From the second button in the tunic from the first day after award. When in formal dress, the entire cross was worn mounted alone or as part of a medal bar. Note that for everyday wear, only the ribbon was worn from the second buttonhole in the tunic. The Iron Cross, 1st class, was a pin-on medal with no ribbon and was worn centered on a uniform breast pocket, either on dress uniforms or everyday outfit. It was a progressive award, with the second class having to be earned before the first class and so on for the higher degrees. It is estimated that some four and a half million 2nd Class Iron Crosses were awarded during World War II, and 300,000 of the 1st Class. [11] (#cite_note-11) Thirty-nine women, chiefly female nurses from the German Red Cross were granted the Iron Cross 2nd Class. Example of such women are Elfriede Wnuk, wounded in 1942 on the Eastern Front, Magda Darchniger, decorated in 1942, Marga Droste, who remained at her post in the Wilhelmshaven hospital despite her own wounds during a bombing in 1942, Ilse Schulz and Grete Fock, who served in the African campaign, Liselotte Hensel and Miss Holzmann, who were both decorated in 1943 for bravery during a bombing of Hamburg, and the countess Melitta Schenk Gräfin von Stauffenberg (/wiki/Melitta_Schenk_Gr%C3%A4fin_von_Stauffenberg) , acting as a qualified test pilot and development engineer and decorated in August 1943. Other DRK female auxiliaries who received the Iron Cross for acts of bravery are Hanny Weber, Geolinde Münchge, Elfriede Gunia, Ruth Raabe, Ilse Daub, Greta Graffenkamp, Elfriede Muth, Ursula Kogel, Liselotte Schlotterbeck, Rohna von Ceuern, Anna Wohlschütz, and Dr. Elizabeth Potuz. Two non-German female auxiliaries of the German Red Cross were awarded the Iron Cross: Norwegian nurse Anne Gunhild Moxnes in April 1944, and an unknown Belgian nurse in 1942. A young member of the female youth organisation of the Third Reich, Ottilie Stephan, was also awarded the Iron Cross in February 1945 under unknown circumstances. At least two Iron Cross, 1st class, recipients were women, test pilot ( Flugkapitän ) Hanna Reitsch (/wiki/Hanna_Reitsch) and in January 1945 German Red Cross sister Else Grossmann. [12] (#cite_note-12) One of the Muslim (/wiki/Muslim) SS (/wiki/Schutzstaffel) members to receive the award, SS Obersturmführer (/wiki/Obersturmf%C3%BChrer) Imam Halim Malkoč (/wiki/Halim_Malko%C4%8D) was granted the Iron Cross (2nd Class) in October 1943 for his role in suppressing the Villefranche-de-Rouergue mutiny (/wiki/13th_Waffen_Mountain_Division_of_the_SS_Handschar_(1st_Croatian)#Villefranche-de-Rouergue_Mutiny_(September_1943)) . He, together with several other Bosnian Muslims, was decorated with the EK II personally by Himmler in the days after the mutiny. Because of his Muslim faith, he wore only the ribbon, and not the cross. Three Finnish Jews were awarded the Iron Cross: Major Leo Skurnik (/wiki/Leo_Skurnik) and Captain Salomon Klass (/wiki/Salomon_Klass) of the Finnish Army (/wiki/Finnish_Army) and nurse Dina Poljakoff (/wiki/Dina_Poljakoff) from the Lotta Svärd (/wiki/Lotta_Sv%C3%A4rd) organization. All three refused the award. [13] (#cite_note-13) The Spanish double-agent Juan Pujol García (/wiki/Juan_Pujol_Garc%C3%ADa) , known to the Germans as Arabel and the British as Garbo received the 2nd Class Iron Cross, [14] (#cite_note-14) and an MBE (/wiki/Member_of_the_Most_Excellent_Order_of_the_British_Empire) from King George VI (/wiki/George_VI) four months later. [15] (#cite_note-NatArchives_MBE-15) Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross [ edit ] Main article: Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (/wiki/Knight%27s_Cross_of_the_Iron_Cross) Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross ( Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes , often simply Ritterkreuz ) recognized military valour or successful leadership. The Knight's Cross was divided into five degrees: Knight's Cross ( Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes ) Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves ( mit Eichenlaub ) Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves and Swords ( mit Eichenlaub und Schwertern ) Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves, Swords, and Diamonds ( mit Eichenlaub, Schwertern und Brillanten ) Knight's Cross with Golden Oak Leaves, Swords, and Diamonds ( mit Goldenem Eichenlaub, Schwertern und Brillanten ) In total, 7,313 awards of the Knight's Cross were made. Only 883 received the Oak Leaves; 160 both the Oak Leaves and Swords (including Japanese (/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Navy) Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto (/wiki/Isoroku_Yamamoto) (posthumously)); 27 with Oak Leaves, Swords and Diamonds; and one with the Golden Oak Leaves, Swords, and Diamonds ( Oberst (/wiki/Oberst) Hans-Ulrich Rudel (/wiki/Hans-Ulrich_Rudel) ). Grand Cross of the Iron Cross (1939) [ edit ] Like the Knight's Cross, the Grand Cross ( Großkreuz ) was worn suspended from the collar. It was reserved for general officers for "the most outstanding strategic decisions affecting the course of the war". The only recipient during the Second World War was Reichsmarschall (/wiki/Reichsmarschall) Hermann Göring (/wiki/Hermann_G%C3%B6ring) , who was awarded the decoration on 19 July 1940 for his command of the Luftwaffe (/wiki/Luftwaffe) , after the Battle of France (/wiki/Battle_of_France) in 1940. [16] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTELittlejohnDodkins1968117-16) The medal is a larger version of the Knight's Cross, [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDorling1956210–211-17) measuring 63 mm (2.5 in) wide as opposed to about 44 mm (1.7 in) for the Iron Cross and 48.5 mm (1.9 in) for the Knight's Cross. It was originally intended to have outer edges lined in gold, but this was changed to silver before the award was presented. [ citation needed ] It was worn with a 57 mm (2.2 in) wide ribbon bearing the same colors as the Knight's Cross and 2nd Class ribbons. [16] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTELittlejohnDodkins1968117-16) The award case was in red leather with the eagle (/wiki/Eagle) and the swastika outlined in gold. The original Grand Cross presented to Göring (personally by Hitler) was destroyed during an air raid on his Berlin home. Göring had extra copies made, one of them with a platinum (/wiki/Platinum) frame that he was wearing at the time of his surrender to the allies in 1945. [16] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTELittlejohnDodkins1968117-16) Star of the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross [ edit ] Star of the Grand Cross (1813) The Star of the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross (also called Iron Cross with Golden Rays) was pinned to the left breast, above the Iron Cross 1st Class. Like the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross, it was for bestowal upon successful general officers. [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDorling1956210–211-17) The Star of the Grand Cross was awarded only twice, both to Field Marshals who already held the Grand Cross: in 1815 to Gebhard von Blücher (/wiki/Gebhard_Leberecht_von_Bl%C3%BCcher) for his part in the Battle of Waterloo (/wiki/Battle_of_Waterloo) , and in March 1918 to Paul von Hindenburg (/wiki/Paul_von_Hindenburg) for his conduct of the 1918 Spring Offensive (/wiki/German_Spring_Offensive) on the Western Front (/wiki/Western_Front_(World_War_I)) . [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDorling1956210–211-17) It is often called the Blücher Star ( Blücherstern ) , after its first recipient. [18] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZabecki20141628-18) A Star of the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross was manufactured in World War II, but never formally instituted or awarded. The only known example, based on the World War I version but with the 1939 Iron Cross centerpiece, was found by Allied forces at the end of the war, and it is now in the museum at West Point (/wiki/United_States_Military_Academy) . [19] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTELittlejohnDodkins1968120-19) It is likely that Reichsmarschall Göring was the intended eventual recipient. He was the only holder of the World War II Iron Cross Grand Cross, and both the previous recipients of the Star had already received the Grand Cross. Side features of the Iron Cross and entitlements [ edit ] Officers awarded the Iron Cross were given entitlements and often wore signifying articles, such as an Iron Cross signet ring or cloth Iron Cross which could be affixed to clothing. Also, during the Nazi period, those attaining more than one award, for example, an officer who had attained an Iron Cross 2nd Class, an Iron Cross 1st Class, and the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with the Oak Leaves, were entitled to wear a pin which exhibited three Iron Crosses with an exaggerated swastika, thereby consolidating the awards. In some cases, Minox (/wiki/Minox) miniature cameras were given to people together with an Iron Cross. [20] (#cite_note-20) Post-World War II [ edit ] The 1957 version of the 1939 Iron Cross with trifoliate oak leaves replacing the swastika As modern German law prohibits the production and display of items containing Nazi insignia (/wiki/Strafgesetzbuch_section_86a) , the West German government authorized replacement Iron Crosses in 1957 with a trifoliate Oak Leaf Cluster in place of the swastika, similar to the Iron Crosses of 1813, 1870, and 1914, which could be worn by World War II Iron Cross recipients. The 1957 law also authorized de-Nazified versions of most other World War II-era decorations (except those specifically associated with Nazi Party organizations, such as SS Long Service medals, or with the expansion of the German Reich , such as the medals for the annexation of Austria, the Sudetenland (/wiki/Sudetenland) and the Memel region (/wiki/Memel_Territory) ). After post-war German armed forces began seeing active service, first in Kosovo (/wiki/Kosovo) and then in Afghanistan (/wiki/Afghanistan) , a campaign began to revive the Iron Cross and other military medals, since Germany had no awards specifically for active military service. In 2007, a petition to the German parliament to revive the Iron Cross decoration was initiated, quickly receiving over 5,000 signatures. [ citation needed ] On 13 December 2007 parliament decided to let the Ministry of Defence decide the matter. [21] (#cite_note-21) On 6 March 2008, President Horst Köhler (/wiki/Horst_K%C3%B6hler) approved a proposal by Minister of Defense Franz Josef Jung (/wiki/Franz_Josef_Jung) to institute a new award for bravery. The Ehrenzeichen der Bundeswehr (/wiki/Badge_of_Honour_of_the_Bundeswehr) (Badge of Honor of the German Armed Forces) series was instituted on 10 October 2008. However, it does not have the traditional form of the Iron Cross (instead more closely resembling the Prussian Military Merit Cross (/wiki/Military_Merit_Cross_(Prussia)) ), but is seen as a supplement of existing awards of the Bundeswehr . [22] (#cite_note-22) Emblem of the Bundeswehr (/wiki/Bundeswehr) , the modern German armed forces (since 1956) Badge of Honor of the German Armed Forces (/wiki/Badge_of_Honour_of_the_Bundeswehr) Iron Cross insignia on a UAV Barracuda (/wiki/EADS_Barracuda) Iron Cross insignia on a German Air Force (/wiki/German_Air_Force) CH-53G in 2015 The Iron Cross insignia on a Leopard 2 (/wiki/Leopard_2) main battle tank (/wiki/Main_battle_tank) turret Reservist Association of Deutsche Bundeswehr (/wiki/Reservist_Association_of_Deutsche_Bundeswehr) Bundeswehr Soldiers' Relief Fund Standortkommando Berlin Association badge of the tank battalion 524 Association badge of the tank battalion 403 (außer Dienst gestellt) Association badge of the tank battalion 413 Biker and heavy metal subcultures [ edit ] Lemmy Kilmister of Motörhead wearing his trademark Iron Cross necklace ( Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (/wiki/Knight%27s_Cross_of_the_Iron_Cross) ). In the United States, the Iron Cross was adopted by outlaw motorcycle clubs (/wiki/Outlaw_motorcycle_club) in the 1960s, as a symbol of rebellion and probably for shock value (/wiki/Shock_value) . [23] (#cite_note-ADL-23) From biker subculture it spread to rock and heavy metal (/wiki/Heavy_metal_music) subcultures, becoming part of heavy metal fashion (/wiki/Heavy_metal_fashion) . Lemmy Kilmister (/wiki/Lemmy_Kilmister) of the influential band Motörhead (/wiki/Mot%C3%B6rhead) often wore one. [24] (#cite_note-24) in the 1990s, this other use of the Iron Cross had spread from bikers to skateboarders and many extreme sports enthusiasts and became part of the logo of several related clothing companies. The Anti-Defamation League (/wiki/Anti-Defamation_League) states that the version of the symbol with a swastika has been commonly used by neo-Nazis and other white supremacists as a hate symbol since it was discontinued following World War II, but the wider use of the Iron Cross in various subcultures means determining its use as a hate symbol relies on context: "an Iron Cross in isolation (i.e., without a superimposed swastika or without other accompanying hate symbols) cannot be determined to be a hate symbol". [23] (#cite_note-ADL-23) Gallery of medal ribbons [ edit ] Iron Cross 2nd Class Iron Cross, 2nd class, 1813–1913 Iron Cross, 2nd class, for Non-combatants 1813–1918 EK II 1914, with 1939 clasp EK II 1914–1939 EK II 1939–1945 Iron Cross 1st Class Iron Cross, 1st class, 1813–1913 EK I 1914, with repetition 1939 EK I 1914–39 EK I 1939–45 Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross Knight's Cross Alternative version ... with Oak Leaves Alternative version ... and Swords Alternative version ... and Diamonds Alternative version ...in Gold ... Alternative version Grand Cross of the Iron Cross Grand Cross (/wiki/Grand_Cross) to the Iron Cross Star of the Grand Cross (Iron Cross) See also [ edit ] France portal (/wiki/Portal:France) Grand Cross of the Iron Cross (/wiki/Grand_Cross_of_the_Iron_Cross) Star of the Grand Cross of the Iron Cross (/wiki/Star_of_the_Grand_Cross_of_the_Iron_Cross) Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (/wiki/Knight%27s_Cross_of_the_Iron_Cross) 1939 Clasp to the 1914 Iron Cross (/wiki/Clasp_to_the_Iron_Cross) Orders, decorations, and medals of Imperial Germany (/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Imperial_Germany) Orders, decorations, and medals of Nazi Germany (/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Nazi_Germany) Black Cross (Teutonic Order) (/wiki/Black_Cross_(Teutonic_Order)) Cross pattée (/wiki/Cross_patt%C3%A9e) Cross of the Warsaw Uprising (/wiki/Cross_of_the_Warsaw_Uprising) ( Krzyż Powstania Warszawskiego (/wiki/Krzy%C5%BC_Powstania_Warszawskiego) ) Oxalis tetraphylla (/wiki/Oxalis_tetraphylla) (a common name is Iron Cross) Medal for Service in War Overseas (/wiki/Medal_for_Service_in_War_Overseas) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Wille_1986_21_1-0) Klaus-Dieter Wille, Spaziergänge in Kreuzberg , Berlin: Haude & Spener, 1986, (=Berliner Kaleidoskop: Schriften zur Berliner Kunst- und Kulturgeschichte; vol. 32), p. 21. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 3-7759-0287-2 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-7759-0287-2) . ^ Jump up to: a b "Eisernes Kreuz" (http://www.dhm.de/magazine/orden/abbs/044.htm) . Dhm.de. 31 October 2011 . Retrieved 23 May 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-Nungesser_1987_29_3-0) Michael Nungesser. Das Denkmal auf dem Kreuzberg von Karl Friedrich Schinkel , ed. on behalf of the Bezirksamt Kreuzberg von Berlin as catalogue of the exhibition "Das Denkmal auf dem Kreuzberg von Karl Friedrich Schinkel" in the Kunstamt Kreuzberg / Künstlerhaus Bethanien Berlin, between 25 April and 7 June 1987, Berlin: Arenhövel, 1987, p. 29. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 3-922912-19-2 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-922912-19-2) . ^ (#cite_ref-Militaria_Lexikon_4-0) "Eisernes Kreuz 1813 – 1.Klasse" (http://www.militaria-lexikon.de/katalog/vor1914/vor_EK11813/militaria-lexikon_de_-_eiserne.html) (in German). Militaria Lexikon . Retrieved 28 October 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-borcke_5-0) Borcke's Biography (http://www.borcke.com/upload/dokumente/Generle_v._Borcke.pdf) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20110708083604/http://www.borcke.com/upload/dokumente/Generle_v._Borcke.pdf) 8 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-6) v. Heyden, Hermann (1897). "26. Preussen". Ehren-Zeichen (in German). Frankfurt a. M.: Heinrich Keller. p. 134. ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Obituary: Surgeon-General W. G. N. Manley, V.C." (https://books.google.com/books?id=KB4CAAAAYAAJ) London Medical Press and Circular . 123 : 584–585. 27 November 1901. ^ (#cite_ref-8) Stein, Hans-Peter (1991). Military History Research Office (Germany) (/wiki/Military_History_Research_Office_(Germany)) (ed.). Symbole und Zeremoniell in deutschen Streitkräften vom 18. bis zum 20. Jahrhundert [ Symbols and Military Ceremonies in the German Armed Forces from the 18th to the 20th Century ] (in German). Hans-Martin Ottmer (contributor), Military History Research Office (Germany) (/wiki/Military_History_Research_Office_(Germany)) (editing) (2 ed.). Herford: E. S. Mittler. p. 59. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 3-89350-341-2 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 444548272 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/444548272) . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShirer196030_9-0) Shirer 1960 (#CITEREFShirer1960) , p. 30. ^ (#cite_ref-RGBl._I_S._1573_10-0) Reichsgesetzblatt Teil I (http://alex.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/alex?aid=dra&datum=1939&size=45&page=1804) Nr. 159, 1 September 1939, p. 1573. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Stephen Previtera, The Iron Time , p. 322 ^ (#cite_ref-12) Williamson, Gordon (2003). World War II German Women's Auxiliary Services (2nd ed.). Florida: Osprey. pp. 37–38. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-84176-407-8 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Rachel Bayvel (2006). "While Jews serve in my army I will not allow their deportation" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120311020925/http://www.jewishquarterly.org/issuearchive/article8d14.html?articleid=194) . Jewish Quarterly . Archived from the original (http://www.jewishquarterly.org/issuearchive/article8d14.html?articleid=194) on 11 March 2012 . Retrieved 24 December 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) West, Juan Pujol with Nigel (1985). Operation GARBO: the personal story of the most successful double agent of World War II (1st American ed.). New York: Random House. p. 159 (https://archive.org/details/operationgarbope00pujo/page/159) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-394-54777-0 . ^ (#cite_ref-NatArchives_MBE_15-0) The National Archives. "Security Service Records Release 25–26 November 2002" (http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/nov2002.pdf) (PDF) . The National Archives (UK). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20060116162605/http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/nov2002.pdf) (PDF) from the original on 16 January 2006 . Retrieved 10 January 2012 . 25 November Garbo received MBE from King ^ Jump up to: a b c Littlejohn & Dodkins 1968 (#CITEREFLittlejohnDodkins1968) , p. 117. ^ Jump up to: a b c Dorling 1956 (#CITEREFDorling1956) , pp. 210–211. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZabecki20141628_18-0) Zabecki 2014 (#CITEREFZabecki2014) , p. 1628. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELittlejohnDodkins1968120_19-0) Littlejohn & Dodkins 1968 (#CITEREFLittlejohnDodkins1968) , p. 120. ^ (#cite_ref-20) Postimees (/wiki/Postimees) 23 May 2009: Eesti kõige edukamad leiutised (http://www.tarbija24.ee/?id=122416) ^ (#cite_ref-21) [1] (http://www.bundestag.de/ausschuesse/a02/uebersicht_abgeschlossen/BGR_16-00101.pdf) [ dead link ] ^ (#cite_ref-22) " (https://www.faz.net/s/Rub594835B672714A1DB1A121534F010EE1/Doc~E4A28C75C03A14D05B47B13BF98D6B086~ATpl~Ecommon~Scontent.html) 'Kein Eisernes Kreuz': Köhler für Tapferkeitsorden – Inland" (https://www.faz.net/s/Rub594835B672714A1DB1A121534F010EE1/Doc~E4A28C75C03A14D05B47B13BF98D6B086~ATpl~Ecommon~Scontent.html) . Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . 6 March 2008 . Retrieved 23 May 2013 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Iron Cross" (https://www.adl.org/education/references/hate-symbols/iron-cross) . Anti-Defamation League . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Waksman, Steve (2009). This Ain't the Summer of Love: Conflict and Crossover in Heavy Metal and Punk . University of California Press. pp. 151–152. References [ edit ] Dorling, Captain H. Taprell (1956). Ribbons and Medals . A.H.Baldwin & Sons, London. Littlejohn, David; Dodkins, Colonel C. M. (1968). Orders, Decorations, Medals and Badges of the Third Reich . R. James Bender Publishing, California. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-85420-080-1 . Maerz, Dietrich/Stimson, George "The Iron Cross 1. Class", 2010, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-9797969-7-5 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9797969-7-5) Maerz, Dietrich, "Award Numbers of the Iron Cross of 1939", International Medal Collector, Vol.3-No.4 and Vol. 4-No.s, ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 2152-9310 (https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:2152-9310) Previtera,Stephen Thomas, The Iron Time: A History of the Iron Cross , Second edition 2007, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-9673070-3-9 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9673070-3-9) Shirer, William L. (/wiki/William_L._Shirer) (1960). The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich (/wiki/The_Rise_and_Fall_of_the_Third_Reich) . New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-671-62420-0 . Williamson, Gordon, The Iron Cross of 1939 , 1997, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-912138-86-6 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-912138-86-6) Zabecki, David T., ed. (2014). Germany at War: 400 Years of Military History . Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-59884-981-3 . Maerz, Dietrich/Mario Alt, "The Iron Cross 2. Class", 2019, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-5323-3691-1 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5323-3691-1) Maerz, Dietrich (2023). The Knights Cross of the Iron Cross and Higher Grades, Vol. I & II . Richmond, MI: B&D Publishing LLC. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-7923-3213-5 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Iron Cross . German Ministry of Defence (BMVg) on the Iron Cross. (http://www.bmvg.de/portal/a/bmvg/kcxml/04_Sj9SPykssy0xPLMnMz0vM0Y_QjzKLt4w39XEFSUGYjvqRaGJGpuYIsaDUPH1vfV-P_NxU_QD9gtzQiHJHR0UAj--PAw!!/delta/base64xml/L2dJQSEvUUt3QS80SVVFLzZfOV8yRzc!?yw_contentURL=/C1256F1200608B1B/N264WR33239MMISEN/content.jsp) Iron Cross 1914 (Eisernes Kreuz 1914) (https://www.relicsww2.net/iron-cross-1914-eisernes-kreuz-1914/) "Iron Cross" (https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_International_Encyclop%C3%A6dia/Iron_Cross) . New International Encyclopedia (/wiki/New_International_Encyclopedia) . 1905. v t e Orders, decorations and medals of Prussia (/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Imperial_Germany#Kingdom_of_Prussia) Orders Order of the Black Eagle (/wiki/Order_of_the_Black_Eagle) Order of Merit of the Prussian Crown (/wiki/Order_of_Merit_of_the_Prussian_Crown) Order of the Red Eagle (/wiki/Order_of_the_Red_Eagle) Order of the Crown (/wiki/Order_of_the_Crown_(Prussia)) House Order of Hohenzollern (/wiki/House_Order_of_Hohenzollern) Pour le Mérite (/wiki/Pour_le_M%C3%A9rite) Order of Saint John (Bailiwick of Brandenburg) (/wiki/Order_of_Saint_John_(Bailiwick_of_Brandenburg)) Order of Louise (/wiki/Order_of_Louise) Wilhelm-Orden (/wiki/Wilhelm-Orden) Military decorations Iron Cross Kulm Cross (/wiki/Kulm_Cross) Military Merit Cross (/wiki/Military_Merit_Cross_(Prussia)) Military Honor Medal (/wiki/Military_Honor_Medal) Merit Cross for War Aid (/wiki/Merit_Cross_for_War_Aid) Warrior Merit Medal (/wiki/Warrior_Merit_Medal_(Prussia)) Civil decorations Lifesaving Medal (/wiki/Lifesaving_Medal_(Prussia)) General Honor Decoration (/wiki/General_Honor_Decoration_(Prussia)) Merit Cross (/wiki/Merit_Cross) Jerusalem Cross (/wiki/Jerusalem_Cross_(Prussia)) Cross of the Mount of Olives (/wiki/Cross_of_the_Mount_of_Olives) Red Cross Medal (/wiki/Red_Cross_Medal_(Prussia)) Ladies Merit Cross (/wiki/Ladies_Merit_Cross) Cross of Merit for Women and Girls (/wiki/Cross_of_Merit_for_Women_and_Girls) v t e Orders, decorations, and medals (/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Nazi_Germany) of Nazi Germany (/wiki/Nazi_Germany) Decorations to all services Bandit-warfare Badge (/wiki/Bandit-warfare_Badge) Clasp to the Iron Cross (/wiki/Clasp_to_the_Iron_Cross) Condor Legion Tank Badge (/wiki/Condor_Legion_Tank_Badge) Driver Proficiency Badge (/wiki/Driver_Proficiency_Badge_(Wehrmacht)) Eastern Medal (/wiki/Eastern_Medal) German Cross (/wiki/German_Cross) German Occupation Medals (/wiki/German_Occupation_Medals) Grand Cross of the Iron Cross (/wiki/Grand_Cross_of_the_Iron_Cross) Honour Roll Clasp (/wiki/Honour_Roll_Clasp) Iron Cross Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (/wiki/Knight%27s_Cross_of_the_Iron_Cross) Spanish Cross (/wiki/Spanish_Cross) War Merit Cross (/wiki/War_Merit_Cross) War Merit Medal (/wiki/War_Merit_Medal) Wehrmacht Long Service Award (/wiki/Wehrmacht_Long_Service_Award) West Wall Medal (/wiki/West_Wall_Medal) Wound Badge (/wiki/Wound_Badge) Wehrmacht (/wiki/Wehrmacht) / Waffen-SS (/wiki/Waffen-SS) Army Anti-Aircraft Badge (/wiki/Army_Anti-Aircraft_Badge) Blue Division Medal (/wiki/Blue_Division_Medal_(Germany)) Close Combat Clasp (/wiki/Close_Combat_Clasp) General Assault Badge (/wiki/General_Assault_Badge) Infantry Assault Badge (/wiki/Infantry_Assault_Badge) Mountain Guide Badge (/wiki/Army_Mountain_Guide_Badge_(Germany)) Panzer Badge (/wiki/Panzer_Badge) Sniper's Badge (/wiki/Sniper%27s_Badge) Tank Destruction Badge (/wiki/Tank_Destruction_Badge) Luftwaffe (/wiki/Luftwaffe) Aircrew Badge (/wiki/Aircrew_Badge_(Nazi)) Air Gunner Badge (/wiki/Air_Gunner_Badge) Anti-Aircraft Flak Battle Badge (/wiki/Anti-Aircraft_Flak_Battle_Badge) Aviator badge (/wiki/Aviator_badge#1935–1945) Balloon Observer's Badge (/wiki/Balloon_Observer%27s_Badge) Flyer's Commemorative Badge (/wiki/Flyer%27s_Commemorative_Badge) Front Flying Clasp of the Luftwaffe (/wiki/Front_Flying_Clasp_of_the_Luftwaffe) Glider Pilot Badge (/wiki/Glider_Pilot_Badge) Ground Assault Badge of the Luftwaffe (/wiki/Ground_Assault_Badge_of_the_Luftwaffe) Luftwaffe Honor Goblet (/wiki/Ehrenpokal_der_Luftwaffe) Luftwaffe Honor plate (/wiki/Luftwaffe_Honor_plate) Observer Badge (/wiki/Observer_Badge_(Luftwaffe)) Parachutist Badge (/wiki/Parachutist_Badge_(Nazi_Germany)) Pilot/Observer Badge (/wiki/Pilot/Observer_Badge) Radio Operator Badge (/wiki/Radio_Operator_Badge) Kriegsmarine (/wiki/Kriegsmarine) Auxiliary Cruiser Badge (/wiki/Auxiliary_Cruiser_Badge) Blockade Runner Badge (/wiki/Blockade_Runner_Badge) Destroyer War Badge (/wiki/Destroyer_War_Badge) Fast Attack Craft War Badge (/wiki/Fast_Attack_Craft_War_Badge) High Seas Fleet Badge (/wiki/High_Seas_Fleet_Badge) Minesweeper War Badge (/wiki/Minesweeper_War_Badge) Naval Artillery War Badge (/wiki/Naval_Artillery_War_Badge) Naval Front Clasp (/wiki/Naval_Front_Clasp) U-boat Front Clasp (/wiki/U-boat_Front_Clasp) U-boat War Badge (/wiki/U-boat_War_Badge) Campaign Shields (/wiki/Campaign_shields_(Wehrmacht)) Cholm Shield (/wiki/Cholm_Shield) Crimea Shield (/wiki/Crimea_Shield) Demyansk Shield (/wiki/Demyansk_Shield) Kuban Shield (/wiki/Kuban_Shield) Lapland Shield (/wiki/Lapland_Shield) Narvik Shield (/wiki/Narvik_Shield) Warsaw Shield (/wiki/Warsaw_Shield) Campaign Cuff Titles Crete Cuff Title (/wiki/Crete_Cuff_Title) Africa Cuff Title (/wiki/Africa_Cuff_Title) Metz 1944 Cuff Title (/wiki/Metz_1944_Cuff_Title) Courland Cuff Title (/wiki/Courland_Cuff_Title) v t e Crosses (/wiki/Christian_cross_variants) In modern use Alcoraz (/wiki/Cross_of_Alcoraz) Anchored/Saint Clement (/wiki/Anchored_Cross) Anuradhapura (/wiki/Anuradhapura_cross) Archangels (/wiki/Cross_of_the_Archangels) Archiepiscopal (/wiki/Archiepiscopal_cross) Armenian (/wiki/Armenian_Cross) Arrow/Barby (/wiki/Arrow_Cross) Balkenkreuz (/wiki/Balkenkreuz) Bolnisi (/wiki/Bolnisi_cross) Bottony (/wiki/Cross_bottony) Branch Bulgarian (/wiki/Bulgarian_cross) Cossack (/wiki/Cossack_cross) Burgundy (/wiki/Cross_of_Burgundy) Byzantine (/wiki/Byzantine_cross) Calvary (/wiki/Calvary_(sculpture)) Camargue (/wiki/Cross_of_Camargue) Canterbury (/wiki/Canterbury_cross) Catherine wheel (/wiki/Breaking_wheel#Execution_of_St._Catherine) Celtic (/wiki/Celtic_cross) Variant (/wiki/Celtic_cross) Cercelée (/wiki/Cercel%C3%A9e) Coptic (/wiki/Coptic_cross) Crosslet (/wiki/Cross_crosslet) Fitchy (/wiki/Cross_crosslet_fitchy) Crucifix (/wiki/Crucifix) Cruciform halo (/wiki/Cruciform_halo) Double Ethiopian (/wiki/Ethiopian_cross) Evangelists (/wiki/Cross_of_the_Evangelists) Fleury (/wiki/Cross_fleury) Fitchy (/wiki/Cross_fleury) Forked (/wiki/Forked_cross) Fourchy (/wiki/Cross_fourchy) Fylfot (/wiki/Fylfot) Globus cruciger (/wiki/Globus_cruciger) Archbishop (/wiki/Archbishop) 's variant Gnostic (/wiki/Gnostic_cross) Grapevine/Saint Nino (/wiki/Grapevine_cross) Greek (/wiki/Greek_cross) Greek Orthodox (/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_cross) Huguenot (/wiki/Huguenot_cross) Iron Jeremiah (/wiki/Cross_of_Jeremiah) Jerusalem/Crusaders (/wiki/Jerusalem_cross) Jerusalem (Kingdom) (/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem_cross) Latin/Roman (/wiki/Latin_cross) Macedonian (/wiki/Macedonian_Cross) Maltese (/wiki/Maltese_cross) Marada (/wiki/Marada_Movement) Marian (/wiki/Marian_Cross) Maronite (/wiki/Maronite_cross) Moline (/wiki/Cross_moline) Nordic (/wiki/Nordic_Cross) Novgorod (/wiki/Cross_of_Novgorod) Occitan (/wiki/Occitan_cross) Order of Christ (/wiki/Order_of_Christ_Cross) Papal (/wiki/Papal_cross) Patonce (/wiki/Cross_patonce) Pattée (/wiki/Cross_patt%C3%A9e) Fitchée (/wiki/Cross_patt%C3%A9e_fitch%C3%A9e) Patriarchal (/wiki/Patriarchal_cross) Pommy (/wiki/Pommy_cross) Portate/Saint Gilbert (/wiki/Portate_cross) Potent (/wiki/Cross_potent) Quadrate (/wiki/Cross_quadrate) Resistance Ringed (/wiki/Ringed_cross) Russian (/wiki/Russian_cross_(religion)) Russian Orthodox (/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_cross) Salem (/wiki/Cross_of_Salem) Saltire/Saint Andrew (/wiki/Saltire) Saint Chad (/wiki/Cross_of_Saint_Chad) Saint David (/wiki/Flag_of_Saint_David) Saint Florian (/wiki/St._Florian) Saint George (/wiki/Saint_George%27s_Cross) Saint James/Santiago (/wiki/Cross_of_Saint_James) Saint John (/wiki/Cross_of_Saint_John) Saint Patrick (/wiki/Saint_Patrick%27s_Saltire) Saint Peter (/wiki/Cross_of_Saint_Peter) Saint Philip (/wiki/Philip_the_Apostle) Saint Piran (/wiki/Saint_Piran%27s_Flag) Saint Thomas (/wiki/Saint_Thomas_Christian_cross) Serbian (/wiki/Serbian_cross) Serbian Orthodox (/wiki/Serbian_Orthodox_cross) Short Sword (/wiki/Crosses_in_heraldry) Syriac (Eastern) (/wiki/Eastern_Syriac_cross) Syriac (Western) (/wiki/Western_Syriac_cross) Tau (/wiki/Tau_Cross) / Saint Anthony (/wiki/Saint_Anthony%27s_Cross) Historical Avellane (/wiki/Avellane_cross) Aviz (/wiki/Aviz_cross) Black (/wiki/Kroaz_Du) Blanc croix rouge Brigid (/wiki/Brigid%27s_cross) Carolingian (/wiki/Carolingian_cross) Chouan (/wiki/Chouan) Consecration (/wiki/Consecration_crosses) Coptic (/wiki/Coptic_cross) Coptic (Early) (/wiki/Early_Coptic_cross) Cross cramponnée (/wiki/Swastika) Crown (/wiki/Cross_and_Crown) Cuthbert's pectoral (/wiki/Cuthbert%27s_pectoral_cross) Engrailed Erminée Gammadion (/wiki/Gammadion) Jewelled (/wiki/Crux_gemmata) Katanga (/wiki/Katanga_Cross) Lazarus (/wiki/Lazarus%27_cross) Lorraine (/wiki/Cross_of_Lorraine) Neith (/wiki/Cross_of_Neith) Nestorian (/wiki/Nestorian_cross) Peñalba (/wiki/Cross_of_Pe%C3%B1alba) Pierced (/wiki/Pierced_cross) Quarterly (/wiki/Pierced_cross_quarterly) Saint Alban (/wiki/Saint_Alban%27s_Cross) Saint Julian (/wiki/Saint_Julian%27s_cross) Templar (/wiki/Knights_Templar_cross) Teutonic Order (/wiki/Teutonic_Order#Insignia) Two-barred (/wiki/Two-barred_cross) Victory (/wiki/Victory_Cross) Voided By function Altar (/wiki/Altar_crucifix) Blessing (/wiki/Blessing_cross) Conciliation (/wiki/Conciliation_cross) Heraldry (/wiki/Crosses_in_heraldry) Nordic (/wiki/Nordic_cross) Pisan (/wiki/Pisan_cross) High (/wiki/High_cross) Market (/wiki/Market_cross) Mercat (/wiki/Mercat_cross) Memorial (/wiki/Memorial_cross) Mission (/wiki/Mission_cross) Necklace (/wiki/Cross_necklace) Pectoral (/wiki/Pectoral_cross) Plague (/wiki/Plague_cross) Preaching (/wiki/Preaching_cross) Processional (/wiki/Processional_cross) Lalibela (/wiki/Lalibela_Cross) Rood/Triumphal cross (/wiki/Rood) Summit (/wiki/Summit_cross) Wayside (/wiki/Wayside_cross) Christograms (/wiki/Christogram) , Chrismons (/wiki/Chi_Rho) Chi Rho (/wiki/Chi_Rho) IX monogram (/wiki/IX_monogram) Labarum (/wiki/Labarum) Signum manus (/wiki/Signum_manus) Staurogram/Monogrammatic (/wiki/Staurogram) / Tau (/wiki/Tau) Rho (/wiki/Rho) See also Ankh (/wiki/Ankh) Armenian eternity sign (/wiki/Armenian_eternity_sign) Ichthys (/wiki/Ichthys) Irminsul (/wiki/Irminsul) Kolovrat (/wiki/Kolovrat_(symbol)) Lauburu (/wiki/Lauburu) Mjölnir (/wiki/Mj%C3%B6lnir) Rose (/wiki/Rose_Cross) Rota (/wiki/Rota_(papal_signature)) Solomon's knot (/wiki/Solomon%27s_knot) Scientology (/wiki/Scientology_cross) Shamrock (/wiki/Shamrock) Shield of the Trinity (/wiki/Shield_of_the_Trinity) Sunwheel swastika (/wiki/Swastika#Prehistory) Sun (/wiki/Sun_cross) Swastika (/wiki/Swastika) Triskelion/Triskele (/wiki/Triskelion) Descriptions in antiquity of the execution cross (/wiki/Descriptions_in_antiquity_of_the_execution_cross) List of tallest crosses in the world (/wiki/List_of_tallest_crosses_in_the_world) Christianity portal (/wiki/Portal:Christianity) Arts portal (/wiki/Portal:Arts) 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iron_Cross&oldid=1230318350#In_post-war_pop_culture (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iron_Cross&oldid=1230318350#In_post-war_pop_culture) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : National symbols of Germany (/wiki/Category:National_symbols_of_Germany) Military awards and decorations of Nazi Germany (/wiki/Category:Military_awards_and_decorations_of_Nazi_Germany) Military awards and decorations of Prussia (/wiki/Category:Military_awards_and_decorations_of_Prussia) 1813 establishments in Prussia (/wiki/Category:1813_establishments_in_Prussia) Awards established in 1813 (/wiki/Category:Awards_established_in_1813) Recipients of the Iron Cross (/wiki/Category:Recipients_of_the_Iron_Cross) Cross symbols (/wiki/Category:Cross_symbols) Courage awards (/wiki/Category:Courage_awards) Nazi symbolism (/wiki/Category:Nazi_symbolism) Frederick William III of Prussia (/wiki/Category:Frederick_William_III_of_Prussia) Hidden categories: Pages using the Phonos extension (/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Phonos_extension) Articles containing German-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_German-language_text) CS1 German-language sources (de) (/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)) Webarchive template wayback links (/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links) All articles with dead external links (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links) Articles with dead external links from June 2016 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_June_2016) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles needing additional references from January 2023 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_January_2023) All articles needing additional references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references) Use dmy dates from May 2023 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_May_2023) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from April 2022 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_April_2022) Articles needing additional references from November 2022 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_November_2022) Articles containing French-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_French-language_text) Articles with unsourced statements from April 2020 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_April_2020) Articles with unsourced statements from September 2019 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_September_2019) Articles containing Polish-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Polish-language_text) Commons link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_link_from_Wikidata) Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the New International Encyclopedia (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_New_International_Encyclopedia) Articles with GND identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_GND_identifiers) Articles with J9U identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_J9U_identifiers) Articles with LCCN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers) |
Individual dresses (/wiki/Dresses) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐5xrxt Cached time: 20240715110230 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.003 seconds Real time usage: 0.006 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 1/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:31675640-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715110230 and revision id 1084690986. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 5 subcategories, out of 5 total. D Dresses in film (/wiki/Category:Dresses_in_film) (9 P) O Outfits worn at the Academy Awards ceremonies (/wiki/Category:Outfits_worn_at_the_Academy_Awards_ceremonies) (24 P) R Royal dresses (/wiki/Category:Royal_dresses) (3 C, 7 P) Royal wedding dresses (/wiki/Category:Royal_wedding_dresses) (28 P) W Wedding dresses (/wiki/Category:Wedding_dresses) (2 C, 27 P) Pages in category "Individual dresses" The following 28 pages are in this category, out of 28 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . * List of individual dresses (/wiki/List_of_individual_dresses) A Amsterdam Rainbow Dress (/wiki/Amsterdam_Rainbow_Dress) B Bacton Altar Cloth (/wiki/Bacton_Altar_Cloth) Berry Dress (/wiki/Berry_Dress) Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley (/wiki/Black_Versace_dress_of_Elizabeth_Hurley) Blue Gucci dress of Harry Styles (/wiki/Blue_Gucci_dress_of_Harry_Styles) C Curtain dress (/wiki/Curtain_dress) Cyclone (Jeanne Lanvin) (/wiki/Cyclone_(Jeanne_Lanvin)) D The dress (/wiki/The_dress) E Electric Light dress (/wiki/Electric_Light_dress) G Green Versace dress of Jennifer Lopez (/wiki/Green_Versace_dress_of_Jennifer_Lopez) L Lobster dress (/wiki/Lobster_dress) M Mantua (Kimberley Hall) (/wiki/Mantua_(Kimberley_Hall)) Mayon gown (/wiki/Mayon_gown) Meat dress of Lady Gaga (/wiki/Meat_dress_of_Lady_Gaga) N No. 13 Finale (/wiki/No._13_Finale) O Oyster dress (/wiki/Oyster_dress) P Pink dress (Killing Eve) (/wiki/Pink_dress_(Killing_Eve)) R Red Tarvydas dress of Rebecca Twigley (/wiki/Red_Tarvydas_dress_of_Rebecca_Twigley) S Silver Julien Macdonald dress of Paris Hilton (/wiki/Silver_Julien_Macdonald_dress_of_Paris_Hilton) T Tarkhan dress (/wiki/Tarkhan_dress) TechHaus Volantis (/wiki/TechHaus_Volantis) U Union Jack dress (/wiki/Union_Jack_dress) V Vanitas: Flesh Dress for an Albino Anorectic (/wiki/Vanitas:_Flesh_Dress_for_an_Albino_Anorectic) W Wedding dress of Carolyn Bessette (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Carolyn_Bessette) Wedding dress of Jacqueline Bouvier (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Jacqueline_Bouvier) Wedding of Anant Ambani and Radhika Merchant (/wiki/Wedding_of_Anant_Ambani_and_Radhika_Merchant) White shift dress of Jean Shrimpton (/wiki/White_shift_dress_of_Jean_Shrimpton) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Individual_dresses&oldid=1084690986 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Individual_dresses&oldid=1084690986) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Dresses (/wiki/Category:Dresses) Individual garments (/wiki/Category:Individual_garments) |
See also: Category:Actresses from Tamil Nadu (/wiki/Category:Actresses_from_Tamil_Nadu) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐7b54979676‐l89sl Cached time: 20240716092722 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.041 seconds Real time usage: 0.057 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 24/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 365/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 7/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 326/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.018/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 626406/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 50.396 1 -total 100.00% 50.396 1 Template:See_also_cat 14.60% 7.359 1 Template:Category_see_also/Category_pair_check Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:55837908-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716092722 and revision id 827796491. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has only the following subcategory. D Female models from Chennai (/wiki/Category:Female_models_from_Chennai) (35 P) Pages in category "Female models from Tamil Nadu" The following 15 pages are in this category, out of 15 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Roma Asrani (/wiki/Roma_Asrani) J Sahithya Jagannathan (/wiki/Sahithya_Jagannathan) Rani Jeyraj (/wiki/Rani_Jeyraj) K Kaveri (Tamil actress) (/wiki/Kaveri_(Tamil_actress)) Anupama Kumar (/wiki/Anupama_Kumar) M Jaya Mahesh (/wiki/Jaya_Mahesh) Meera Mitun (/wiki/Meera_Mitun) P Suruthi Periyasamy (/wiki/Suruthi_Periyasamy) R Ragasudha (/wiki/Ragasudha) Medha Raghunath (/wiki/Medha_Raghunath) Rochelle Rao (/wiki/Rochelle_Rao) S Samyuktha Shanmuganathan (/wiki/Samyuktha_Shanmuganathan) V Anukreethy Vas (/wiki/Anukreethy_Vas) Arthi Venkatesh (/wiki/Arthi_Venkatesh) W Raiza Wilson (/wiki/Raiza_Wilson) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Female_models_from_Tamil_Nadu&oldid=827796491 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Female_models_from_Tamil_Nadu&oldid=827796491) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Indian female models by state or union territory (/wiki/Category:Indian_female_models_by_state_or_union_territory) Models from Tamil Nadu (/wiki/Category:Models_from_Tamil_Nadu) Women from Tamil Nadu by occupation (/wiki/Category:Women_from_Tamil_Nadu_by_occupation) |
This category is maintained by WikiProject Stub sorting (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Stub_sorting) . Please propose new stub templates and categories here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Stub_sorting/Proposals) before creation. This category is for stub articles (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) relating to people in fashion design occupations. You can help by expanding them. To add an article to this category, use {{ fashion-designer-stub (/wiki/Template:Fashion-designer-stub) }} instead of {{ stub (/wiki/Template:Stub) }} . Contents Top (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Fashion_designer_stubs) 0–9 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=0) A (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=A) B (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=B) C (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=C) D (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=D) E (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=E) F (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=F) G (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=G) H (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=H) I (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=I) J (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=J) K (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=K) L (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=L) M (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=M) N (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=N) O (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=O) P (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=P) Q (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=Q) R (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=R) S (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=S) T (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=T) U (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=U) V (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=V) W (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=W) X (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=X) Y (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=Y) Z (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&from=Z) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐dc899b7cc‐7qcfm Cached time: 20240720202720 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [no‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.146 seconds Real time usage: 0.261 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 402/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 33330/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3136/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 21/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 8082/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.054/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 927198/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 244.762 1 -total 69.80% 170.856 1 Template:Stub_Category 31.53% 77.168 2 Template:Cmbox 30.15% 73.799 1 Template:WPSS-cat 28.19% 69.001 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 27.14% 66.427 2 Template:Category_other 25.55% 62.542 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 22.92% 56.096 1 Template:Category_TOC 19.05% 46.618 1 Template:TOC_top 14.28% 34.955 1 Template:Flatlist Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:71157682-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720202720 and revision id 1187672259. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse Pages in category "Fashion designer stubs" The following 138 pages are in this category, out of 138 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . Template:Fashion-designer-stub (/wiki/Template:Fashion-designer-stub) A Loris Abate (/wiki/Loris_Abate) Fikirte Addis (/wiki/Fikirte_Addis) Walé Adeyemi (/wiki/Wal%C3%A9_Adeyemi) Bora Aksu (/wiki/Bora_Aksu) Massimo Alba (/wiki/Massimo_Alba) Gérard Albouy (/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Albouy) Carlota Alfaro (/wiki/Carlota_Alfaro) Soyon An (/wiki/Soyon_An) Janet Anderson (milliner) (/wiki/Janet_Anderson_(milliner)) Adeline André (/wiki/Adeline_Andr%C3%A9) Antwerp Six (/wiki/Antwerp_Six) Amaya Arzuaga (/wiki/Amaya_Arzuaga) Mustafa Aslanturk (/wiki/Mustafa_Aslanturk) Anne Avantie (/wiki/Anne_Avantie) B Brian Bailey (/wiki/Brian_Bailey) Rocco Barocco (/wiki/Rocco_Barocco) Maria Barros (fashion designer) (/wiki/Maria_Barros_(fashion_designer)) Maya Bash (/wiki/Maya_Bash) Sara Battaglia (/wiki/Sara_Battaglia) Elena Benarroch (/wiki/Elena_Benarroch) Elio Berhanyer (/wiki/Elio_Berhanyer) Olivier Bériot (/wiki/Olivier_B%C3%A9riot) Alexandre de Betak (/wiki/Alexandre_de_Betak) Mehmood Bhatti (/wiki/Mehmood_Bhatti) Gabriele Binder (/wiki/Gabriele_Binder) Prince Kuleape Boamah (/wiki/Prince_Kuleape_Boamah) Luís Buchinho (/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Buchinho) Tishynah Buffalo (/wiki/Tishynah_Buffalo) C Antonella Cannarozzi (/wiki/Antonella_Cannarozzi) Claudia Chan Shaw (/wiki/Claudia_Chan_Shaw) Cristi Conaway (/wiki/Cristi_Conaway) Paulette Coquatrix (/wiki/Paulette_Coquatrix) Calleen Cordero (/wiki/Calleen_Cordero) Daniel Cremieux (/wiki/Daniel_Cremieux) D Antonio D'Amico (/wiki/Antonio_D%27Amico) Sabato de Sarno (/wiki/Sabato_de_Sarno) Erin Deering (/wiki/Erin_Deering) Adriana Degreas (/wiki/Adriana_Degreas) Pedro del Hierro (/wiki/Pedro_del_Hierro) Andrea Detwiler (/wiki/Andrea_Detwiler) Adolfo Domínguez (/wiki/Adolfo_Dom%C3%ADnguez) Pauline van Dongen (/wiki/Pauline_van_Dongen) Jose Duran (designer) (/wiki/Jose_Duran_(designer)) Ardistia Dwiasri (/wiki/Ardistia_Dwiasri) E Yiannis Evangelides (/wiki/Yiannis_Evangelides) Apti Eziev (/wiki/Apti_Eziev) F Afshin Feiz (/wiki/Afshin_Feiz) Dilara Fındıkoğlu (/wiki/Dilara_F%C4%B1nd%C4%B1ko%C4%9Flu) Alan Flusser (/wiki/Alan_Flusser) Graziella Fontana (/wiki/Graziella_Fontana) G Adriano Goldschmied (/wiki/Adriano_Goldschmied) Michel Goma (/wiki/Michel_Goma) Lulu Guinness (/wiki/Lulu_Guinness) H Jayne Hepsibah (/wiki/Jayne_Hepsibah) Alexandre Herchcovitch (/wiki/Alexandre_Herchcovitch) Rahil Hesan (/wiki/Rahil_Hesan) Elvie Hill (/wiki/Elvie_Hill) Katie Hillier (/wiki/Katie_Hillier) Maria Lucia Hohan (/wiki/Maria_Lucia_Hohan) Désirée zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg (/wiki/D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9e_zu_Hohenlohe-Langenburg) J Rossella Jardini (/wiki/Rossella_Jardini) Amina Al Jassim (/wiki/Amina_Al_Jassim) Azéde Jean-Pierre (/wiki/Az%C3%A9de_Jean-Pierre) Charis Jones (designer) (/wiki/Charis_Jones_(designer)) K Beena Kannan (/wiki/Beena_Kannan) Yumi Katsura (/wiki/Yumi_Katsura) Janet Kennedy (designer) (/wiki/Janet_Kennedy_(designer)) Ben King (designer) (/wiki/Ben_King_(designer)) Michel Klein (/wiki/Michel_Klein) Ronny Kobo (/wiki/Ronny_Kobo) Celia Kritharioti (/wiki/Celia_Kritharioti) Atıl Kutoğlu (/wiki/At%C4%B1l_Kuto%C4%9Flu) L Hernan Lander (/wiki/Hernan_Lander) Agostino Lanfranchi (/wiki/Agostino_Lanfranchi) Heidi Lee (/wiki/Heidi_Lee) Angus Lloyd (/wiki/Angus_Lloyd) Don Loper (/wiki/Don_Loper) Ron LoVece (/wiki/Ron_LoVece) Ahlatt Lumyang (/wiki/Ahlatt_Lumyang) M Hope Macaulay (/wiki/Hope_Macaulay) Mariuccia Mandelli (/wiki/Mariuccia_Mandelli) Alviero Martini (/wiki/Alviero_Martini) Teuta Matoshi (/wiki/Teuta_Matoshi) Eri Matsui (/wiki/Eri_Matsui) Roland Meledandri (/wiki/Roland_Meledandri) Alain Mikli (/wiki/Alain_Mikli) Ellen Mirojnick (/wiki/Ellen_Mirojnick) Germaine Monteil (/wiki/Germaine_Monteil) Tereneh Mosley (/wiki/Tereneh_Mosley) Ramse Mostoller (/wiki/Ramse_Mostoller) Pooja Motwani (/wiki/Pooja_Motwani) Anthony Muto (/wiki/Anthony_Muto) Trevor Myles (/wiki/Trevor_Myles) O Don O'Neill (fashion designer) (/wiki/Don_O%27Neill_(fashion_designer)) P Cesare Paciotti (/wiki/Cesare_Paciotti) Leyla Piedayesh (/wiki/Leyla_Piedayesh) Chris Printup (/wiki/Chris_Printup) R Tala Raassi (/wiki/Tala_Raassi) Eric Raisina (/wiki/Eric_Raisina) Catherine Rayner (designer) (/wiki/Catherine_Rayner_(designer)) Ally Rehmtullah (/wiki/Ally_Rehmtullah) Davide Renne (/wiki/Davide_Renne) Craig Robinson (designer) (/wiki/Craig_Robinson_(designer)) Alice Roi (/wiki/Alice_Roi) Edina Ronay (/wiki/Edina_Ronay) Marty Ruza (/wiki/Marty_Ruza) S Bárbara Sánchez-Kane (/wiki/B%C3%A1rbara_S%C3%A1nchez-Kane) Andrés Sardá Sacristán (/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Sard%C3%A1_Sacrist%C3%A1n) Fausto Sarli (/wiki/Fausto_Sarli) Tex Saverio (/wiki/Tex_Saverio) Irina Schrotter (/wiki/Irina_Schrotter) Ronaldus Shamask (/wiki/Ronaldus_Shamask) Christopher Shannon (/wiki/Christopher_Shannon) Anna B. Sheppard (/wiki/Anna_B._Sheppard) Daniella Shevel (/wiki/Daniella_Shevel) Denis Simachev (/wiki/Denis_Simachev) Anna Singh (/wiki/Anna_Singh) Amir Slama (/wiki/Amir_Slama) Per Spook (/wiki/Per_Spook) Nancy Steiner (/wiki/Nancy_Steiner) Aya Sumika (/wiki/Aya_Sumika) Daiki Suzuki (/wiki/Daiki_Suzuki) T Akira Takeuchi (fashion designer) (/wiki/Akira_Takeuchi_(fashion_designer)) Rosenthal Tee (/wiki/Rosenthal_Tee) Camilla Thulin (/wiki/Camilla_Thulin) Manel Torres (/wiki/Manel_Torres) Susan Tsu (/wiki/Susan_Tsu) V Jole Veneziani (/wiki/Jole_Veneziani) Giancarlo Venturini (/wiki/Giancarlo_Venturini) Adrienne Vittadini (/wiki/Adrienne_Vittadini) Edgar Vos (/wiki/Edgar_Vos) W Peter Werth (/wiki/Peter_Werth) Alexander White (designer) (/wiki/Alexander_White_(designer)) Bill Frank Whitten (/wiki/Bill_Frank_Whitten) Y Y.Chroma (/wiki/Y.Chroma) Betty Yokova (/wiki/Betty_Yokova) Z Aheda Zanetti (/wiki/Aheda_Zanetti) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&oldid=1187672259 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_designer_stubs&oldid=1187672259) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Fashion_designers) Stub categories (/wiki/Category:Stub_categories) Fashion biography stubs (/wiki/Category:Fashion_biography_stubs) Designer stubs (/wiki/Category:Designer_stubs) Hidden categories: Template Category TOC via Automatic category TOC on category with 101–200 pages (/wiki/Category:Template_Category_TOC_via_Automatic_category_TOC_on_category_with_101%E2%80%93200_pages) Automatic category TOC generates standard Category TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_standard_Category_TOC) |
(Redirected from Madam Pattirini (/w/index.php?title=Madam_Pattirini&redirect=no) ) Founder of the Young Men organization of the LDS Church This article is about the Latter-day Saint. For the Scottish entomologist, see Morris Young (entomologist) (/wiki/Morris_Young_(entomologist)) . B. Morris Young B. Morris Young dressed up as "Madam Pattirini", c. 1901 Personal details Born Brigham Morris Young ( 1854-01-18 ) January 18, 1854 Salt Lake City (/wiki/Salt_Lake_City) , Utah Territory (/wiki/Utah_Territory) Died February 20, 1931 (1931-02-20) (aged 77) Salt Lake City (/wiki/Salt_Lake_City) , Utah (/wiki/Utah) Resting place Salt Lake City Cemetery (/wiki/Salt_Lake_City_Cemetery) 40°46′38″N 111°51′29″W / 40.7772°N 111.8580°W / 40.7772; -111.8580 ( Salt Lake City Cemetery ) Spouse(s) Armeda Snow Parents Brigham Young (/wiki/Brigham_Young) Margaret Pierce Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) LDS movement portal (/wiki/Portal:Latter_Day_Saint_movement) Brigham Morris Young (January 18, 1854 – February 20, 1931) was one of the founders of the Young Men's Mutual Improvement Association (YMMIA), the predecessor to the Young Men (/wiki/Young_Men_(organization)) program of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints) (LDS Church). Young was the son of Brigham Young (/wiki/Brigham_Young) and one of his wives, Margaret Pierce. In 1875, Morris Young served a mission for the LDS Church in the Hawaiian Islands (/wiki/Hawaiian_Islands) . Shortly after returning from this mission, he was asked by his father to organize the YMMIA along with Junius F. Wells (/wiki/Junius_F._Wells) and Milton H. Hardy (/wiki/Milton_H._Hardy) . In 1883, Young served another mission in the Hawaiian Islands. He married Armeda Snow, a daughter of Lorenzo Snow (/wiki/Lorenzo_Snow) . Their son, Lorenzo Snow Young (/wiki/Lorenzo_Snow_Young) , was a prominent architect in Utah (/wiki/Utah) . In 1885, Young, his wife, and their children returned from serving his second mission in the Hawaiian Islands. Shortly after returning to Utah (/wiki/Utah) , Young began publicly performing in drag (/wiki/Drag_(entertainment)) as a cross-dressing (/wiki/Cross-dressing) singer under the pseudonym (/wiki/Pseudonym) Madam Pattirini . [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) Young performed as Pattirini in north and central Utah venues from 1885 to the 1900s. He could produce a convincing falsetto, and many in the audience did not realize that Pattirini was Young. One of his performances as Madam Pattirini was for the last birthday celebration of LDS Church president (/wiki/President_of_the_Church_(LDS_Church)) Lorenzo Snow in April 1901. [4] (#cite_note-4) He also once portrayed a "fine Irish girl" named Bridget McCarthy at a Christmas ball at the Salt Lake Theatre in 1886. [5] (#cite_note-5) See also [ edit ] Latter Day Saint movement portal (/wiki/Portal:Latter_Day_Saint_movement) Descendants of Brigham Young (/wiki/Descendants_of_Brigham_Young) Sources [ edit ] Andrew Jenson (/wiki/Andrew_Jenson) . LDS Biographical Encyclopedia (/wiki/LDS_Biographical_Encyclopedia) . Vol. 4, p. 251. Galen Snow Young. Brief History of Brigham Morris Young . P. 31. Dean C. Jessee (/wiki/Dean_C._Jessee) . Letters from Brigham Young to His Sons . P. 243. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Galen Snow Young, "Brief History of Brigham Morris Young", 31, Department of Archives and Special Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University (/wiki/Brigham_Young_University) , Provo (/wiki/Provo,_Utah) , Utah ^ (#cite_ref-2) Photograph of Brigham Morris Young as Madam Pattirini, photo 157, negative 3, Archives, Historical Department of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Salt Lake City (/wiki/Salt_Lake_City) , Utah ^ (#cite_ref-3) Dean C. Jessee, "Letters from Brigham Young to His Sons", 243, Deseret Book (1974), Salt Lake City, Utah ^ (#cite_ref-4) Deseret News , 4 April 1901. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Salt Lake Herald, 1 January 1887. External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to B. Morris Young (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:B._Morris_Young) . Brief history of Brigham Morris Young, MSS SC 1999 (http://archives.lib.byu.edu/repositories/14/resources/4358) at L. Tom Perry Special Collections (/wiki/L._Tom_Perry_Special_Collections) , Harold B. Lee Library (/wiki/Harold_B._Lee_Library) , Brigham Young University (/wiki/Brigham_Young_University) This article related to the Latter Day Saint movement (/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement) is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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British fashion designer (born 1992) Karolina Laskowska Laskowska at the 2015 UK Lingerie Awards (/wiki/UK_Lingerie_Awards) Education BA (/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts) Contour Fashion ( De Montfort University (/wiki/De_Montfort_University) ) Notting Hill & Ealing High School (/wiki/Notting_Hill_%26_Ealing_High_School) Occupation Fashion designer Label Karolina Laskowska Awards 2014 UK Lingerie Awards (/wiki/UK_Lingerie_Awards) New Designer of the Year Website karolinalaskowska (http://karolinalaskowska.com/) .com (http://karolinalaskowska.com/) Karolina Zofia Laskowska (born 1992) is a British fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) . She won the New Designer of the Year award at the 2014 UK Lingerie Awards (/wiki/UK_Lingerie_Awards) . Career [ edit ] Laskowska started her eponymous (/wiki/Eponymous) fashion brand in 2012 whilst still studying at De Montfort University (/wiki/De_Montfort_University) , due to high demand for her designs. [1] (#cite_note-Mercury-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) In 2014 she graduated with a BA (/wiki/British_undergraduate_degree_classification#First-class_honours) in Contour Fashion. [1] (#cite_note-Mercury-1) Her designs were featured in the 2014 London Graduate Fashion Week (/wiki/Fashion_Week) and have been featured in a number of magazines. [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) In 2016 she founded The Underpinnings Museum, a digital museum dedicated to the history of underwear. [6] (#cite_note-6) Awards [ edit ] Laskowska won the New Designer of the Year award at the 2014 UK Lingerie Awards (/wiki/UK_Lingerie_Awards) . [7] (#cite_note-7) She also won the Lingerie Edit "Press' Best Brand" award in January 2015. [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) References [ edit ] ^ a b Troughton, Adrian (2014-12-23). "Underwear designer and De Montfort University graduate Karolina Laskowska wins national lingerie award" (http://www.leicestermercury.co.uk/Montfort-University-graduate-wins-national/story-25754824-detail/story.html) . Leicester Mercury (/wiki/Leicester_Mercury) . Retrieved 2015-01-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "First stitch: Karolina Laskowska" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130506073029/http://www.lingerieinsight.com/article-3609-first-stitch-karolina-laskowska/) . Lingerie Insight . 2013-05-02. Archived from the original (http://www.lingerieinsight.com/article-3609-first-stitch-karolina-laskowska/) on 2013-05-06 . Retrieved 2015-01-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Dacre, Karen (2014-06-02). "Young designers stand out from crowd at London fashion show" (https://www.standard.co.uk/fashion/young-designers-stand-out-from-crowd-at-london-fashion-show-9470249.html) . The Evening Standard (/wiki/The_Evening_Standard) . Retrieved 2015-01-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Girls That Glitter Love The Dark" (http://underlinesmagazine.com/2015/01/07/girls-that-glitter-love-the-dark) . Underlines Magazine . 2015-01-07 . Retrieved 2015-01-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Student's design graces cover of magazine" (http://www.dmu.ac.uk/about-dmu/news/2014/january/students-design-graces-cover-of-magazine-.aspx) . De Montfort University (/wiki/De_Montfort_University) . 2014-01-23 . Retrieved 2015-01-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "New Online Museum Set To Make Lingerie History" (https://underlinesmagazine.com/2016/09/08/underpinnings-museum-lingerie-history/) . Underlines Magazine . 2016-09-08 . Retrieved 2021-04-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Blackman, Sarah (2014-12-03). "Winners of the 2014 UK Lingerie Awards revealed" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150103014623/http://www.lingerieinsight.com/article-5576-winners-of-the-2014-uk-lingerie-awards-revealed/) . Lingerie Insight . Archived from the original (http://www.lingerieinsight.com/article-5576-winners-of-the-2014-uk-lingerie-awards-revealed/) on 2015-01-03 . Retrieved 2015-01-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Lingerie Edit names Best Brand award winners" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150118071151/http://www.lingerieinsight.com/article-5667-lingerie-edit-names-best-brand-award-winners/) . Lingerie Insight . 2015-01-13. Archived from the original (http://www.lingerieinsight.com/article-5667-lingerie-edit-names-best-brand-award-winners/) on 2015-01-18 . Retrieved 2015-01-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Bluebella and Karolina Laskowska win the Lingerie Edit Awards" (http://underlinesmagazine.com/2015/01/12/bluebella-karolina-laskowska-lingerie-edit-awards/) . Underlines Magazine . 2015-01-12 . Retrieved 2015-01-19 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.karolinalaskowska.com) v t e Lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) Upper torso Types (/wiki/List_of_bra_designs) of bras (/wiki/Bra) History (/wiki/History_of_bras) Bandeau (/wiki/Bandeau) Bralette (/wiki/Bralette) Nursing bra (/wiki/Nursing_bra) Sports bra (/wiki/Sports_bra) Training bra (/wiki/Training_bra) Underwire bra (/wiki/Underwire_bra) Male bra (/wiki/Male_bra) Other garments Babydoll (/wiki/Babydoll) Bustier (/wiki/Bustier) Camisole (/wiki/Camisole) Dudou (/wiki/Dudou) Negligee (/wiki/Negligee) Nightgown (/wiki/Nightgown) Torsolette (/wiki/Torsolette) Yếm (/wiki/Y%E1%BA%BFm) Lower torso Bikini (/wiki/Bikini) Boyshorts (/wiki/Boyshorts) French knickers (/wiki/French_knickers) Fundoshi (/wiki/Fundoshi) Girdle (/wiki/Girdle_(undergarment)) Girl boxers (/wiki/Girl_boxers) Panties (/wiki/Panties) Period underwear (/wiki/Period_underwear) Tanga (/wiki/Thong) Tap pants (/wiki/Tap_pants) Thong (/wiki/Thong) ( G-string (/wiki/G-string) ) Bloomers (/wiki/Bloomers) Full torso Bodice (/wiki/Bodice) Corset (/wiki/Corset) Corselet (/wiki/Corselet) Foundation garment (/wiki/Foundation_garment) Nightshirt (/wiki/Nightshirt) Playsuit (/wiki/Playsuit_(lingerie)) Slip (/wiki/Slip_(clothing)) Teddy (/wiki/Teddy_(garment)) Hosiery (/wiki/Hosiery) Bodystocking (/wiki/Bodystocking) Garter (/wiki/Garter) Hold-ups (/wiki/Hold-ups) Knee highs (/wiki/Knee_highs) Pantyhose (/wiki/Pantyhose) Stocking (/wiki/Stocking) Tights (/wiki/Tights) Historical Basque (/wiki/Basque_(clothing)) Boudoir cap (/wiki/Boudoir_cap) Bustle (/wiki/Bustle) Chemise (/wiki/Chemise) Crinoline (/wiki/Crinoline) Farthingale (/wiki/Farthingale) Hoop skirt (/wiki/Hoop_skirt) Liberty bodice (/wiki/Liberty_bodice) Pannier (/wiki/Pannier_(clothing)) Pantalettes (/wiki/Pantalettes) Petticoat (/wiki/Petticoat) Pettipants (/wiki/Pettipants) Waist cincher (/wiki/Waist_cincher) Accessories Falsies (/wiki/Falsies) Lingerie tape (/wiki/Lingerie_tape) Brands List of lingerie brands (/wiki/List_of_lingerie_brands) Retail Bras N Things (/wiki/Bras_N_Things) Cosmo Lady (/wiki/Cosmo_Lady) Figleaves (/wiki/Figleaves) HerRoom (/wiki/HerRoom) Journelle (/wiki/Journelle) True & Co. (/wiki/True_%26_Co.) 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Well-recognized fashion or posture choice Trademark look [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) or signature look [3] (#cite_note-3) is the characteristic clothes (/wiki/Stage_clothes) or other distinguishing signs used by a certain character (/wiki/Character_(arts)) or performer (/wiki/Performer) , making the person more recognizable by the audience. Politicians may also have trademark signs, such as the suit of American President Barack Obama (/wiki/Barack_Obama) [4] (#cite_note-4) or the Merkel-Raute (/wiki/Merkel-Raute) hand gesture of German Chancellor Angela Merkel (/wiki/Angela_Merkel) . [5] (#cite_note-dw-5) [6] (#cite_note-guardian-6) It can also refer to the clothes of a certain subculture (/wiki/Subculture) . [7] (#cite_note-7) Some trademark signatures may have started as in-jokes (/wiki/In-joke) , but have then come to have been recognized by a wider audience. Popular personalities like Steve Jobs (/wiki/Steve_Jobs) and Mark Zuckerberg (/wiki/Mark_Zuckerberg) are known for their signature look. The reason shared is to save the sheer amount of time spent on deciding what to wear daily. [8] (#cite_note-8) As fashion trends gets influenced by renowned people like them, more and more people have started to find their personal signature style. Sometimes, when a celebrity stops using a trademark look, people might even find it hard to recognize them. [9] (#cite_note-9) The term "trademark look" (or anything similar) is not used in trademark (/wiki/Trademark) law, and a trademark look is not necessarily trademark-protected in itself. See also [ edit ] Catchphrase (/wiki/Catchphrase) Leitmotif (/wiki/Leitmotif) Signature song (/wiki/Signature_song) Signature weapon (/wiki/Signature_weapon) Trope (literature) (/wiki/Trope_(literature)) List of filmmakers' signatures (/wiki/List_of_filmmakers%27_signatures) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "10 Celebrities Without Their Trademark Looks" (http://celebs.answers.com/beauty/10-celebrities-without-their-trademark-looks#slide1) . Answers.com . Retrieved 15 January 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Trademark Looks, Moves in the NFL" (http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/multimedia/photo_gallery/1008/nfl.trademark.looks/content.1.html) . CNN Sports Illustrated . Retrieved 15 January 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Signature looks: 12 of the best" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/columns/kate-finnigan/TMG10476093/Signature-looks-12-of-the-best.html) . The Telegraph . Retrieved 15 January 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Barack Obama's Trademark Suit Has Everyone Talking" (https://www.liveabout.com/barack-obamas-trademark-suit-has-everyone-talking-4139873) . about.com . Retrieved 15 January 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-dw_5-0) Thurau, Jens (5 September 2013). "Wahlkampf mit der "Merkel-Raute" (https://www.dw.com/de/wahlkampf-mit-der-merkel-raute/a-17067023) " (https://www.dw.com/de/wahlkampf-mit-der-merkel-raute/a-17067023) . Deutsche Welle (/wiki/Deutsche_Welle) (in German) . Retrieved 8 September 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-guardian_6-0) Connolly, Kate (3 September 2013). " (https://www.theguardian.com/world/german-elections-blog-2013/2013/sep/03/angela-merkel-diamond-german-election-campaign) 'Merkel diamond' takes centre stage in German election campaign" (https://www.theguardian.com/world/german-elections-blog-2013/2013/sep/03/angela-merkel-diamond-german-election-campaign) . The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) . Retrieved 8 September 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Teddy Girls" (http://history-is-made-at-night.blogspot.com/2008/12/teddy-girls.html) . History is made at night . 31 December 2008 . Retrieved 25 August 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Workopolis (11 November 2014). "The reason Mark Zuckerberg wears the same shirt every day" (https://careers.workopolis.com/advice/the-reason-mark-zuckerberg-wears-the-same-shirt-every-day/) . Workopolis Blog . Retrieved 28 September 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Zooey Deschanel Ditches Trademark Bangs, Looks Unrecognizable" (http://uk.eonline.com/news/416739/zooey-deschanel-ditches-trademark-bangs-looks-unrecognizable) . E Online . 9 May 2013 . Retrieved 15 January 2014 . This clothing (/wiki/Clothing) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Sri Lankan artist, designer, and journalist (1929–2023) George Beven Born 1929 Negombo (/wiki/Negombo) , Western Province (/wiki/Western_Province_(Sri_Lanka)) , British Ceylon (/wiki/British_Ceylon) Died 29 January 2023 (aged 93) London, England Nationality Sri Lankan-English Occupation(s) Artist, designer and writer Spouse Wolfgang Stange George Beven (1929 – 29 January 2023) was a Sri Lankan-English designer, artist, fashion designer and journalist. He is best remembered for his use of colour and is regarded as one of Sri Lanka's finest figurative painters as well as one of the country's greatest contemporary artists. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) The majority of his life was lived in England but he had made occasional visits to Sri Lanka to conduct art exhibitions at various locations including Barefoot (/wiki/Barefoot) and Lionel Wendt Art Centre (/wiki/Lionel_Wendt_Art_Centre) . [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) Early life [ edit ] Beven initially studied at Newstead College, Negombo where his mother taught him music until the age of 12. [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) He was also a child dancer during his stay at Newstead College. His art teacher at Newstead College convinced and encouraged him to paint and send his entries to art competitions in England. [5] (#cite_note-:1-5) Beven later switched to Maris Stella College (/wiki/Maris_Stella_College) where he found his groove and passion pointed towards painting which he pursued as a hobby. He even sent a couple of line drawings to the Ceylon Observer (/wiki/The_Ceylon_Observer) for which the Editor of the Women's Pages Anne Abayasekara (/wiki/Anne_Abayasekara) responded with a job offer for him to work as an artist for the newspaper press. However, he was initially reluctant to accept it as he was preparing for his SSC examinations and promised that he will join once he completed his exams. He later became the first paid artist on the Ceylon Observer. [6] (#cite_note-6) He was sent for evening classes at Heywood Art College where he eventually learnt the art of drawing human figure from the renowned artist David Paynter (/wiki/David_Paynter_(artist)) . [5] (#cite_note-:1-5) Career [ edit ] Beven initially embarked on a career pursuing journalism when he began his stint with The Observer . He was initially sent by Associated Newspapers of Ceylon Limited (/wiki/Associated_Newspapers_of_Ceylon_Limited) to Saint Martin's School of Art (/wiki/Saint_Martin%27s_School_of_Art) , London in 1955 in order to learn more of his craft on fashion designing and illustration. [5] (#cite_note-:1-5) He then returned to Sri Lanka a year later in 1956 after gaining experience working as a journalist, artist and as a fashion designer. His return to his mother country was overshadowed by turn of events triggered by the consequences of the implementation of infamous Sinhala Only Act (/wiki/Sinhala_Only_Act) in 1956. However, he decided to settle in the UK in 1958 after seeing both his mother and sister migrating to the UK. Beven conducted his first solo exhibition in 1958 at the Royal Empire Society (/wiki/Royal_Empire_Society) . [7] (#cite_note-:2-7) He also made a name for himself with his ability of painting in oils using his fingers. He also cemented his reputation and stamped his authority in tooth brush paintings during the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, which portrayed many famous artists of the time including the likes of Margot Fonteyn (/wiki/Margot_Fonteyn) , Rudolf Nureyev (/wiki/Rudolf_Nureyev) , Mikhail Baryshmikov (/wiki/Mikhail_Baryshnikov) from the classical ballet (/wiki/Classical_ballet) as well as veteran Hollywood actors such as Marlene Dietrich (/wiki/Marlene_Dietrich) , Judy Garland (/wiki/Judy_Garland) , Liza Minnelli (/wiki/Liza_Minnelli) , Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe) , James Dean (/wiki/James_Dean) and Sylvester Stallone (/wiki/Sylvester_Stallone) . [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) He was also a clever artist having done lot of research and experimenting with poster colours and gouache using the most unlikely colour combinations in order to provoke the eyes of the viewers. Personal life and death [ edit ] Beven initially met his lifelong partner Wolfgang Stange in the early 1970s. He died at his residence in London on 29 January 2023, at the age of 93. [7] (#cite_note-:2-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Moments from the George Beven retrospective exhibition" (https://archives1.sundayobserver.lk/2022/07/23/montage/moments-george-beven-retrospective-exhibition) . Sunday Observer . 21 July 2022 . Retrieved 18 February 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Glimpses of an array of 'Bevens' (https://archives1.sundayobserver.lk/2022/07/03/montage/glimpses-array-%E2%80%98bevens%E2%80%99) " (https://archives1.sundayobserver.lk/2022/07/03/montage/glimpses-array-%E2%80%98bevens%E2%80%99) . Sunday Observer . 1 July 2022 . Retrieved 18 February 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Beven's back | The Sundaytimes Sri Lanka" (http://www.sundaytimes.lk/130901/plus/bevens-back-60188.html) . Retrieved 18 February 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "George Bevan at 90 : Seven decades of art" (https://archives1.sundayobserver.lk/2019/08/25/george-bevan-90-seven-decades-art) . Sunday Observer . 23 August 2019 . Retrieved 18 February 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Beven the artist, Beven the man" (https://www.sundaytimes.lk/090823/Plus/plus_17.html) . www.sundaytimes.lk . Retrieved 18 February 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Capturing Sri Lankan movements on canvas" (http://archives.dailynews.lk/2007/08/01/fea12.asp) . archives.dailynews.lk . Retrieved 18 February 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Remembering George Beven – the man and the artist" (https://www.sundaytimes.lk/230212/plus/remembering-george-beven-the-man-and-the-artist-511083.html) . Print Edition - The Sunday Times, Sri Lanka . Retrieved 18 February 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) King, Alison (2 April 2023). "George Beven obituary" (https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2023/apr/02/george-beven-obituary) . The Guardian . Retrieved 2 April 2023 . 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How clerical clothing began The liturgical (/wiki/Liturgy) vestments (/wiki/Vestment) of the Christian churches (/wiki/Christian_church) grew out of normal civil clothing, but the dress of church leaders began to be differentiated as early as the 4th century. By the end of the 13th century the forms used in the Roman Catholic (/wiki/Catholic_Church) and Eastern Orthodox (/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church) churches had become established, while the Reformation (/wiki/Reformation) led to changes in Protestant (/wiki/Protestantism) churches from the 16th century onward. Secular origins [ edit ] Ambrose, Bishop of Milan, wearing a casula (/wiki/Paenula) over a sticharion (/wiki/Sticharion) (by this time, simply a type of long-sleeved tunic) and a small pectoral cross (/wiki/Pectoral_cross) . The vestments of the Nicene Church, East and West, developed out of the various articles of everyday dress worn by citizens of the Greco-Roman world (/wiki/Greco-Roman_world) under the Roman Empire (/wiki/Roman_Empire) . The officers of the Church during the first few centuries of its existence were content to officiate in the dress of civil life, though their garments were expected to be scrupulously clean and of decent quality. The few scattered references in contemporary records to the dress of the clergy all point to this as the only recognized rule. Thus in the 37th of the 4th-century Canons of Hippolytus (/wiki/Canons_of_Hippolytus) we read: "As often as the bishops (/wiki/Bishop) would partake of the Mysteries, the presbyters (/wiki/Presbyter) and deacons (/wiki/Deacon) shall gather round him clad in white, quite particularly clean clothes, more beautiful than those of the rest of the people." Thus, too, St Jerome (/wiki/Jerome) , in his commentary on Ezekiel (/wiki/Book_of_Ezekiel) xliv. 19, wrote that "We, too, ought not to enter the Holy of Holies (/wiki/Holy_of_Holies#Christianity) in our everyday garments ... when they have become defiled from the use of ordinary life, but with a clean conscience, and in clean garments, hold in our hands the Sacrament of the Lord." [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhillips19111056–1057-1) When, in the year 289, St Cyprian (/wiki/Cyprian) was led to martyrdom (/wiki/Martyr) , he wore, according to Eusebius (/wiki/Eusebius) , [2] (#cite_note-2) an under tunic (/wiki/Tunic) ( linea ), an upper tunic ( dalmatica (/wiki/Dalmatic) , tunica ) and mantle (/wiki/Mantle_(monastic_vesture)) ( lacerna , byrrus ). This was the ordinary type of the civil costume of the time. The tunica, a loose sack-like tunic with a hole for the head, was the innermost garment worn by all classes of Roman citizens under the Republic (/wiki/Roman_Republic) and Empire (/wiki/Roman_Empire) . It was either sleeveless ( colobium ) or sleeved ( tunica manicata or manuleata ), and originally fell about to the knee, but later on reached to the ankles ( tunica talaris ). St Augustine (/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo) said that to wear talares et tunicas manicatas was a disgrace among the ancient Romans, but that in his own day it was no longer so considered in the case of persons of good birth. [3] (#cite_note-3) The tunica was originally of white wool (/wiki/Wool) , but in the 3rd century it began to be made of linen (/wiki/Linen) , and from the 4th century was always of linen. [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhillips19111057-4) About the 6th century the long tunica alba went out of fashion in civil life, but it was retained in the services of the Church and developed into the various forms of the liturgical alb (/wiki/Alb) and surplice (/wiki/Surplice) . The tunica dalmatica was a long, sleeved upper tunic, originating, as its name implies, in Dalmatia (/wiki/Dalmatia) , and first becoming fashionable in Rome (/wiki/Rome) during the 2nd century; it is the origin of the liturgical dalmatic (/wiki/Dalmatic) and tunicle (/wiki/Tunicle) . Another over-dress of the Romans was the paenula , a cloak akin to the current Spanish poncho (/wiki/Poncho) , a large piece of material with a hole for the head to go through, hanging in ample folds round the body. This was originally worn only by slaves (/wiki/Slavery) , soldiers (/wiki/Soldier) and other people of low degree; in the 3rd century, however, it was adopted by fashionable people as a convenient riding or travelling cloak and finally, by the sumptuary law (/wiki/Sumptuary_law) of 382 it was prescribed as the proper everyday dress of senators, [5] (#cite_note-5) instead of the military chlamys (/wiki/Chlamys) , the toga (/wiki/Toga) being reserved for state occasions. This was the origin of the principal liturgical vestment, the chasuble (/wiki/Chasuble) . [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhillips19111057-4) Establishment of form [ edit ] Pope Honorius I (died 638). From a mosaic in Sant'Agnese (/wiki/Sant%27Agnese_fuori_le_mura) in Rome As late as the 6th century the garments described above were common both to the clergy and laity (/wiki/Laity) , and, so far as their character was concerned, were used both in the liturgy and in everyday life. Meanwhile, however, a certain development had taken place. By the 4th century the garments worn at liturgical functions had been separated from those in ordinary use, though still identical in form. It is in the 4th century, too, that the first distinctive vestment makes its appearance, the ὠμοφόριον ( Ōmophórion ) worn by all bishops in the East; in the 5th century we find this in use at Rome under the name of pallium (/wiki/Pallium) , as the distinctive ornament of the pope (/wiki/Pope) (see the mosaic image of Honorius I (/wiki/Honorius_I) ). About the same time the orarium , or stole (/wiki/Stole_(vestment)) , becomes fixed in liturgical use. The main development and definition of the ecclesiastical vestments, however, took place between the 6th and the 9th centuries. The secular fashions altered with changes of taste, but the Church retained the dress with the other traditions of the Roman Empire. At Rome, especially, where the popes had succeeded to a share of the power and pretensions of the caesars (/wiki/Caesar_(title)) of the West, the accumulation of ecclesiastical vestments symbolized a very special dignity: in the second quarter of the 9th century the pope, when fully vested, wore a camisia ( chemise (/wiki/Chemise) ) girdled, an alb ( linea ) girdled, an amice (/wiki/Amice) ( anagolaium ), a tunicle ( dalmatica minor ), a dalmatic ( dalmatica major ), stole ( orarium ), chasuble ( planeta ) and pallium. With the exception of the pallium, this was also the costume of the Roman deacons. By this time, moreover, the liturgical character of the vestments was so completely established that they were no longer worn instead of, but over, the ordinary dress. [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhillips19111057-4) Hitherto the example of the Roman Church had exercised no exclusive determining influence on ritual development even in the West. The popes had, from time to time, sent the pallium or the dalmatic—specifically Roman vestments—as gifts of honour to various distinguished prelates (/wiki/Prelate) . Britain (/wiki/Sub-Roman_Britain) , converted by a Roman mission, had adopted the Roman use, and English missionaries had carried this into the newly Christianized parts of Germany, but the great Churches of Spain (/wiki/Spain) and Gaul (/wiki/Gaul) preserved their own traditions in vestments as in other matters. From the 9th century onwards, however, this was changed, and everywhere in the West the Roman use ousted the regional uses. [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhillips19111057-4) This change synchronized with the revival of the Western Empire under Charlemagne (/wiki/Charlemagne) , a revival which necessarily gave an impulse to the claims of the Holy See (/wiki/Holy_See) . The adoption of the Roman liturgical dress had, however, at most an indirect connection with these claims. Charlemagne was active in prescribing the adoption of the Roman use; but this was only as part of his general policy in the organization of his empire. A renovation of the Galilean Church was not the least crying need; and, in view of the confusion of rites (Gallican, Gothic, Roman, Ambrosian) in the Frankish empire, Charlemagne recognized that this innovation could only be effectually carried out by a closer connection with Rome in ritual as in other matters. Charlemagne's activity in this respect was, in effect, only the completion of a process that had been going on since the 6th century. [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhillips19111057-4) Whatever effect the reinvigoration of the papacy may have had in hastening the process, the original impulse towards the adoption of the Roman rite had proceeded, not from Rome, but from Spain and Gaul. It was the natural result of the lively interchange between the Churches of these countries and the Holy See. Nor was the process of assimilation by any means one-sided. If Spain and Gaul borrowed from Rome, they also exercised a reciprocal influence on the Roman use. A large proportion of the names of the liturgical vestments are not of Roman origin, and the non-Roman names tended to supersede the Roman in Rome itself. [a] (#cite_note-6) [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhillips19111057-4) Pre-Reformation development [ edit ] Stigand (/wiki/Stigand) , Archbishop of Canterbury (/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury) (1052–1070), from the Bayeux Tapestry (/wiki/Bayeux_Tapestry) . Note the absence of the mitre, the chasuble short or tucked up in front, the maniple still carried in the left hand. The period between the 9th and the 13th centuries is that of the final development of the liturgical vestments in the West. In the 9th century appeared the Pontifical gloves (/wiki/Episcopal_gloves) ; in the 10th, the mitre (/wiki/Mitre) ; in the 11th, the use of liturgical shoes and stockings (/wiki/Episcopal_sandals#Liturgical_stockings) was reserved for cardinals (/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)) and bishops. By the 12th century, mitre and gloves were worn by all bishops, and in many cases they had assumed a new ornament, the rationale (/wiki/Rationale_(clothing)) , a merely honorific decoration (supposed to symbolize doctrine and wisdom), sometimes of the nature of a highly ornamental broad shoulder collar with dependent lappets (/wiki/Lappet) , and sometimes closely resembling the pallium; rarely a "breast-plate" on the model of that of the Jewish high priest. [b] (#cite_note-7) This elaboration of the pontifical vestments was contemporaneous with, and doubtless partly determined by, the assimilation of the bishops during those centuries to the type of the great feudal nobles whose ambitions and love of pomp they shared. [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhillips19111058-8) With the evolution of the feudal (/wiki/Feudalism) organization of society, even everyday costume was becoming a uniform, symbolizing in material and colour the exact status of the wearer. It was natural that in the parallel organization of the Church the official vestments should undergo a similar process of differentiation and definition. With this process, which in all its essential features was completed in the 11th century, doctrinal (/wiki/Doctrine) developments had little or nothing to do, though from the 9th century onwards liturgiologists were busy expounding the mystic symbolism of garments which, until their imagination set to work, had for the most part no symbolism whatever. Yet in view of later controversies, the changes made during this period, notably in the vestments connected with the mass, are not without significance. Hitherto the chasuble had been worn by all ministers at the Eucharist (/wiki/Eucharist) , even by the acolytes (/wiki/Acolyte) ; it had been worn also at processions and other non-liturgical functions. It was now exalted into the mass vestment par excellence , worn by the celebrant only, or by his immediate assistants (deacon and subdeacon (/wiki/Subdeacon) ) only on very special occasions. New vestments were devised to take the place, on less solemn occasions, of those hallowed by association with the holy sacrifice; thus the processional cope (/wiki/Cope) appeared in the 11th century and the surplice in the 12th. A change, too, came over the general character of vestments. Up to the 9th century these had been very plain, without ornament save such traditional decorations as the clavi of the dalmatic; what splendour they had was due to their material and the ample folds of their draperies. But from this time onwards they tend to become more and more elaborately decorated with embroidery (/wiki/Embroidery) and jeweller's (/wiki/Jewellery) work. [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhillips19111058-8) Very significant, too, is the parting of the ways in the development of liturgical vestments in the East and West. During the first centuries both branches of the Church had used vestments substantially the same, developed from common originals; the alb, chasuble, stole and pallium were the equivalents of the στιχάριον ( sticharion (/wiki/Sticharion) ), φενλόνιον ( phelonion (/wiki/Phelonion) ), ὠράριον ( ōrarion (/wiki/Orarion) ) and ὠμοφόριον ( ōmophorion (/wiki/Omophorion) ). While, however, between the 9th and 13th centuries, the Western Church was adding largely to her store of vestments, that of the East increased her list by but three, the ἐνχείριον ( enchirion ) and ἐπιμανίκια ( epimanikia (/wiki/Epimanikia) ) and the σάκκος ( sakkos (/wiki/Sakkos) ). The living force of development in the Latin Church was symbolized in her garments; the orthodoxy of the Greek Church in hers. With the exception of the mitre, introduced in the 15th or 16th century, the liturgical costume of the Eastern clergy remains now practically what it was in the 9th century. [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhillips19111058-8) In the Western Church, though from the 9th century onwards the Roman use had been the norm, considerable alterations continued to be made in the shape and decoration of the liturgical vestments, and in this respect various Churches developed different traditions, as in the chasuble. The definition of their use by the various orders of the clergy in the several liturgical functions, however, was established by the close of the 13th century. [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhillips19111058-8) The images below illustrate changes up to that time. For centuries thereafter the dress has been essentially unaltered. Monumental figure of Bishop Johannes of Lübeck, in Lübeck Cathedral. Henry Sever (died 1471), from a brass in the chapel of Merton College, Oxford. He is vested in surplice, stole and cope. Thomas Cranley, Archbishop of Dublin (died 1417). From a brass in New College Chapel, Oxford. In addition to the vestments shown in the image of Bishop Johannes, he wears the archiepiscopal pallium. Protestantism [ edit ] This section is largely based on an article in the out-of-copyright Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition) , which was produced in 1911. It should be brought up to date to reflect subsequent history or scholarship (including the references, if any). When you have completed the review, replace this notice with a simple note on this article's talk page. ( July 2018 ) Jakob Damman (died 1591), Lutheran pastor, in black gown and ruff In Protestant (/wiki/Protestantism) Churches [c] (#cite_note-9) the custom as to vestments differs widely, corresponding to a similar divergence in tradition and teaching. At the Reformation (/wiki/Reformation) two tendencies became apparent. Martin Luther (/wiki/Martin_Luther) and his followers regarded vestments as among the adiaphora (/wiki/Adiaphora#Christianity) , and in the Churches which afterwards came to be known as "Lutheran" many of the traditional Catholic vestments were retained. John Calvin (/wiki/John_Calvin) , on the other hand, laid stress on the principle of the utmost simplicity in public worship; at the councils in Geneva (/wiki/History_of_Geneva#Reformation) , the traditional vestments were absolutely abolished, and the Genevan model was followed by the Calvinist (/wiki/Calvinist) or "Reformed" Churches throughout Europe. [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhillips19111060-10) An Anglican priest wearing a white cincture around his waist to hold his alb and purple stole in place. The Church of England (/wiki/Church_of_England) experienced a long controversy (/wiki/Vestments_controversy) over the proper use of vestments. [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhillips19111060-10) In the 20th and 21st century, usual vestments for the Anglican church have included either cassock (a derivative of the tunic) and surplice, with scarf (tippet) or stole, or else the alb (with or without a cincture (/wiki/Cincture) ) and stole, often with a chasuble. Eventually the Lutheran (/wiki/Lutheranism) Churches of Denmark (/wiki/Denmark) and Scandinavia (/wiki/Scandinavia) retained the use of alb and chasuble in the celebration of the Eucharist (stole, amice, girdle and maniple were not used after the Reformation), and for bishops the cope and mitre. The surplice is not used, the ministers conducting the ordinary services and preaching in a black gown, of the 16th-century type, with white preaching bands (/wiki/Bands_(neckwear)) or ruff (/wiki/Ruff_(clothing)) . In Germany the Evangelical Church (/wiki/Pietism) (itself an outcome of a compromise between Lutherans and Reformed), in general, discarded the old vestments. In Prussia the superintendents now started to wear pectoral crosses (/wiki/Pectoral_cross) , which were instituted by the emperor Wilhelm II (/wiki/Wilhelm_II,_German_Emperor) . In the Calvinistic "Reformed" Churches the minister wore the black Geneva gown (/wiki/Geneva_gown) with bands. This use was largely discontinued in the Free churches (/wiki/Free_church) . On the other hand, some of these again adopted the surplice, and in one at least (the Catholic Apostolic Church (/wiki/Catholic_Apostolic_Church) ) the traditional Catholic vestments were largely revived. [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhillips19111060-10) See also [ edit ] Christianity portal (/wiki/Portal:Christianity) Vestment (/wiki/Vestment) Vestments controversy (/wiki/Vestments_controversy) Category:Anglican vestments (/wiki/Category:Anglican_vestments) Category:Lutheran vestments (/wiki/Category:Lutheran_vestments) Category:Papal vestments (/wiki/Category:Papal_vestments) Category:Roman Catholic vestments (/wiki/Category:Roman_Catholic_vestments) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-6) Apart from the archiepiscopal pallium, the Churches of Spain and Gaul had need to borrow from Rome only the dalmatic, maniple, and liturgical shoes. On the other hand, it was from Spain and Gaul that Rome probably received the orarium as an ensign of the major orders. ^ (#cite_ref-7) Use of the rationale largely died out during the 13th century. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Broadly defined as those churches that reformed their doctrine as a result of the Protestant Reformation. References [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Christian ceremonial clothing (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Christian_ceremonial_clothing) . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhillips19111056–1057_1-0) Phillips 1911 (#CITEREFPhillips1911) , pp. 1056–1057. ^ (#cite_ref-2) Hist. eccles. iv. cap. 11. ^ (#cite_ref-3) De doctr. christ. iii. cap. 10, n. 20. ^ a b c d e f Phillips 1911 (#CITEREFPhillips1911) , p. 1057. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Cod. Theod. xiv. 10, 1, de habitu ... intra urbem . ^ a b c d Phillips 1911 (#CITEREFPhillips1911) , p. 1058. ^ a b c Phillips 1911 (#CITEREFPhillips1911) , p. 1060. This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain (/wiki/Public_domain) : Phillips, Walter Alison (/wiki/Walter_Alison_Phillips) (1911). " Vestments (https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Vestments) ". In Chisholm, Hugh (/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm) (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica (/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition) . Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 1056–1062. 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