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Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Japan portal (/wiki/Portal:Japan) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5c57c99494‐m5fw9 Cached time: 20240716044625 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.051 seconds Real time usage: 0.067 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 21/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1490/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 3/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1041/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.030/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 715064/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 54.553 1 Template:Portal 100.00% 54.553 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:69618899-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716044625 and revision id 1062466285. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Models from Yamagata Prefecture" The following 2 pages are in this category, out of 2 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Rin Aoki (/wiki/Rin_Aoki) S Harumi Sato (/wiki/Harumi_Sato) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Models_from_Yamagata_Prefecture&oldid=1062466285 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Models_from_Yamagata_Prefecture&oldid=1062466285) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Japanese models by prefecture (/wiki/Category:Japanese_models_by_prefecture) People from Yamagata Prefecture (/wiki/Category:People_from_Yamagata_Prefecture) |
Black and white Valentino dress of Julia Roberts Roberts wearing the dress on the red carpet of the 2001 Academy Awards. Designer Valentino Garavani (/wiki/Valentino_Garavani) Year 2001 ( 2001 ) Type Black and white Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_SpA) dress The black and white Valentino dress of Julia Roberts refers to the black and white Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_Garavani) dress worn by Julia Roberts (/wiki/Julia_Roberts) at the 73rd Academy Awards (/wiki/73rd_Academy_Awards) on March 25, 2001, during which she won the Academy Award for her performance in Erin Brockovich (/wiki/Erin_Brockovich_(film)) . The dress was floor-length, with a black body. A single white stripe ran down the front of the dress, splitting into a Y-shape at the bust to form a pair of straps. In the back, the dress fanned out into a black tulle train with several more white stripes running down it. [1] (#cite_note-1) Widely praised by fashion critics, a poll by Debenhams (/wiki/Debenhams) , published in The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) , voted it the "third most iconic red carpet dress of all time". [2] (#cite_note-Telegraph08-2) The dress was a vintage 1992 design from the Valentino archives, [3] (#cite_note-TNY-3) [4] (#cite_note-Wilson2003-4) intended to evoke the style of classic Hollywood; Valentino had designed for prominent fashion icons such as Jackie Kennedy (/wiki/Jackie_Kennedy) and Elizabeth Taylor (/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor) . [5] (#cite_note-GarwoodHole2008-5) Background [ edit ] Roberts was dressed by Debbi Mason (/w/index.php?title=Debbi_Mason&action=edit&redlink=1) . [6] (#cite_note-Cosgrave2006-6) This was known to Valentino who realized he had "struck gold" because his employee Cristina Viera (/w/index.php?title=Cristina_Viera&action=edit&redlink=1) had been an acquaintance of Mason in England in the 1980s when Mason has been an editor for British Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) and Viera had worked for fashion house Jasper Conran (/wiki/Jasper_Conran) . [6] (#cite_note-Cosgrave2006-6) This led to Viera contacting Mason to offer the dress. [6] (#cite_note-Cosgrave2006-6) Roberts had previously tried on dresses sent by most of the other top designers but was not particularly impressed by any of them. Convinced they had the right dress for her, in the very week of the Oscars, Viera arranged for Roberts to come to a fitting at Valentino Beverly Hills. [6] (#cite_note-Cosgrave2006-6) Viera remarked that Roberts looked "absolutely stunning" and Roberts was reported to have said "I just thought it was a pretty dress". [6] (#cite_note-Cosgrave2006-6) The black column gown with white piping had been slightly too small for Roberts but a tailor made some last-minute adjustments. [7] (#cite_note-Telegraph-7) Reception [ edit ] Valentino himself has cited the moment Roberts collected her Oscar for Best Actress wearing his gown as the high point of his 45-year career. "I have dressed so many people but I have to be sincere. The person that made me feel so very, very happy was Julia Roberts. When she got the Academy Award for Erin Brockovich I watched it on television and really I was so excited that she appeared in my dress." [7] (#cite_note-Telegraph-7) The dress was originally made for the 1992 Valentino couture collections, now in the company archives. [3] (#cite_note-TNY-3) In the Valentino fashion show the dress was modeled by Christy Turlington. The dress proved very popular with teenage girls and many copies were sold and worn as prom dresses throughout the United States. [8] (#cite_note-DamhorstMiller-Spillman2005-8) Other dresses were designed very similarly in the black and white style later in 2001, such as Thierry Mugler (/wiki/Thierry_Mugler) 's design, valued at $600. [9] (#cite_note-New_York-9) See also [ edit ] List of individual dresses (/wiki/List_of_individual_dresses) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Reeve., Chace (2003). The complete book of Oscar fashion : Variety's 75 years of glamour on the red carpet . New York, NY: Reed Press. p. 175. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1594290016 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 53233868 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53233868) . ^ (#cite_ref-Telegraph08_2-0) Khan, Urmee (9 October 2008), "Liz Hurley 'safety pin' dress voted the greatest dress" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/3167702/Liz-Hurley-safety-pin-dress-voted-the-greatest-dress.html) , The Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) , retrieved 1 May 2011 ^ Jump up to: a b The New Yorker . New Yorker Magazine, inc. 2007. p. 84 . Retrieved 16 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-Wilson2003_4-0) Wilson, Elizabeth (12 September 2003). Adorned in dreams: fashion and modernity . I.B.Tauris. p. 251. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-86064-921-9 . Retrieved 16 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-GarwoodHole2008_5-0) Garwood, Duncan; Hole, Abigail (15 January 2008). Rome: city guide . Lonely Planet. p. 173. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-74104-659-5 . Retrieved 16 May 2011 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Cosgrave, Bronwyn (15 December 2006). Made for each other: fashion and the Academy Awards . Bloomsbury Publishing USA. p. 253. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-59691-087-4 . Retrieved 16 May 2011 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Valentino pays tribute to Julia Roberts at Venice Film Festival" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/2638802/Valentino-pays-tribute-to-Julia-Roberts-at-Venice-Film-Festival.html) . The Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) . 28 August 2008 . Retrieved 16 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-DamhorstMiller-Spillman2005_8-0) Damhorst, Mary Lynn; Miller-Spillman, Kimberly A.; Michelman, Susan O. (30 March 2005). The meanings of dress . Fairchild Publications. p. 203 (https://archive.org/details/meaningsofdress0000damh/page/203) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-56367-366-5 . Retrieved 16 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-New_York_9-0) New York . New York Magazine Co. 2001 . Retrieved 16 May 2011 . v t e Notable red carpet outfits (/wiki/Red_carpet_fashion) 1950s White floral Givenchy dress (/wiki/White_floral_Givenchy_dress_of_Audrey_Hepburn) ( Audrey Hepburn (/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn) , 1954) 1990s Red Versace dress (/wiki/Red_Versace_dress_of_Cindy_Crawford) ( Cindy Crawford (/wiki/Cindy_Crawford) , 1991) Black Versace dress (/wiki/Black_Versace_dress_of_Elizabeth_Hurley) ( Elizabeth Hurley (/wiki/Elizabeth_Hurley) , 1994) Lavender Prada dress (/wiki/Lavender_Prada_dress_of_Uma_Thurman) ( Uma Thurman (/wiki/Uma_Thurman) , 1995) American Express Gold card dress (/wiki/American_Express_Gold_card_dress_of_Lizzy_Gardiner) ( Lizzy Gardiner (/wiki/Lizzy_Gardiner) , 1995) Chartreuse Dior dress (/wiki/Chartreuse_Dior_dress_of_Nicole_Kidman) ( Nicole Kidman (/wiki/Nicole_Kidman) , 1997) Pink Ralph Lauren dress (/wiki/Pink_Ralph_Lauren_dress_of_Gwyneth_Paltrow) ( Gwyneth Paltrow (/wiki/Gwyneth_Paltrow) , 1999) 2000s Early Green Versace dress (/wiki/Green_Versace_dress_of_Jennifer_Lopez) ( Jennifer Lopez (/wiki/Jennifer_Lopez) , 2000) Crimson Alberta Ferretti dress (/wiki/Crimson_Alberta_Ferretti_dress_of_Uma_Thurman) ( Uma Thurman (/wiki/Uma_Thurman) , 2000) Black and white Valentino dress ( Julia Roberts (/wiki/Julia_Roberts) , 2001) Swan dress (/wiki/Swan_dress) ( Björk (/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rk) , 2001) Elie Saab net dress (/wiki/Elie_Saab_net_dress_of_Halle_Berry) ( Halle Berry (/wiki/Halle_Berry) , 2002) Red Ben de Lisi dress (/wiki/Red_Ben_de_Lisi_dress_of_Kate_Winslet) ( Kate Winslet (/wiki/Kate_Winslet) , 2002) Red Tarvydas dress (/wiki/Red_Tarvydas_dress_of_Rebecca_Twigley) ( Rebecca Twigley (/wiki/Rebecca_Judd) , 2004) White Marc Bouwer dress (/wiki/White_Marc_Bouwer_dress_of_Angelina_Jolie) ( Angelina Jolie (/wiki/Angelina_Jolie) , 2004) Late Navy blue Guy Laroche dress (/wiki/Navy_blue_Guy_Laroche_dress_of_Hilary_Swank) ( Hilary Swank (/wiki/Hilary_Swank) , 2005) Yellow Valentino dress (/wiki/Yellow_Valentino_dress_of_Cate_Blanchett) ( Cate Blanchett (/wiki/Cate_Blanchett) , 2005) Plum Vera Wang dress (/wiki/Plum_Vera_Wang_dress_of_Keira_Knightley) ( Keira Knightley (/wiki/Keira_Knightley) , 2006) Saffron Vera Wang dress (/wiki/Saffron_Vera_Wang_dress_of_Michelle_Williams) ( Michelle Williams (/wiki/Michelle_Williams_(actress)) , 2006) Pink feathered Versace dress (/wiki/Pink_feathered_Versace_dress_of_Pen%C3%A9lope_Cruz) ( Penélope Cruz (/wiki/Pen%C3%A9lope_Cruz) , 2007) Swarovski crystal mesh Armani dress (/wiki/Swarovski_crystal_mesh_Armani_Priv%C3%A9_gown) ( Cate Blanchett (/wiki/Cate_Blanchett) , 2007) Ivory Jean Paul Gaultier dress (/wiki/Ivory_Jean_Paul_Gaultier_dress_of_Marion_Cotillard) ( Marion Cotillard (/wiki/Marion_Cotillard) , 2008) 2010s Meat dress (/wiki/Meat_dress_of_Lady_Gaga) ( Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) , 2010) Black Versace dress (/wiki/Black_Versace_dress_of_Angelina_Jolie) ( Angelina Jolie (/wiki/Angelina_Jolie) , 2012) Blue Prada dress (/wiki/Blue_Prada_dress_of_Lupita_Nyong%27o) ( Lupita Nyong'o (/wiki/Lupita_Nyong%27o) , 2014) Black Christian Siriano tuxedo gown (/wiki/Black_Christian_Siriano_gown_of_Billy_Porter) ( Billy Porter (/wiki/Billy_Porter_(actor)) , 2019) 2020s Autograph suit (/wiki/Autograph_suit_of_Sandy_Powell) ( Sandy Powell (/wiki/Sandy_Powell_(costume_designer)) , 2020) Other notable dresses (/wiki/List_of_individual_dresses) Category (/wiki/Category:Outfits_worn_at_the_Academy_Awards_ceremonies) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐6b6dc5f4bc‐f4pfn Cached time: 20240716041001 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.327 seconds Real time usage: 0.484 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 755/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 40046/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 607/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 45733/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.226/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4162762/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 402.353 1 -total 38.96% 156.776 1 Template:Reflist 33.58% 135.095 1 Template:Red_carpet_fashion 29.59% 119.043 7 Template:Cite_book 29.47% 118.569 2 Template:Navbox 25.31% 101.820 1 Template:Infobox_clothing_item 24.61% 99.000 1 Template:Infobox 2.86% 11.510 1 Template:Icon 1.57% 6.313 1 Template:Cite_web 1.54% 6.205 1 Template:Cite_news Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:31798226-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716041001 and revision id 1196127181. Rendering was triggered because: unknown esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Black_and_white_Valentino_dress_of_Julia_Roberts&oldid=1196127181 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Black_and_white_Valentino_dress_of_Julia_Roberts&oldid=1196127181) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 2000s fashion (/wiki/Category:2000s_fashion) Outfits worn at the Academy Awards ceremonies (/wiki/Category:Outfits_worn_at_the_Academy_Awards_ceremonies) 2001 clothing (/wiki/Category:2001_clothing) 2001 in fashion (/wiki/Category:2001_in_fashion) Valentino (fashion house) (/wiki/Category:Valentino_(fashion_house)) Black dresses (/wiki/Category:Black_dresses) |
Indian costumer designer and fashion stylist (born 1965) Neeta Lulla Lulla in 2012 Born ( 1965-03-05 ) 5 March 1965 (age 59) Mumbai (/wiki/Mumbai) , Maharashtra (/wiki/Maharashtra) , India Occupations Costume designer couturier fashion stylist Label Neeta Lulla Fashions Spouse Shyam Lulla Children 2 [1] (#cite_note-1) Awards National Film Awards for Best Costume Design (/wiki/National_Film_Awards_for_Best_Costume_Design) Website www (http://www.neetalulla.com/) .neetalulla (http://www.neetalulla.com/) .com (http://www.neetalulla.com/) Neeta Lulla is an Indian costume designer and fashion stylist who has worked on over 300 films. [2] (#cite_note-2) She has been designing wedding dresses since 1985. She is famed for designing costumes in Jagadeka Veerudu Athiloka Sundari (/wiki/Jagadeka_Veerudu_Athiloka_Sundari) , Khuda Gawah (/wiki/Khuda_Gawah) , and Devdas . Career [ edit ] Her first big client was jewelry designer Varuna Jani, though Jani hadn’t started her business at the time. After that Lulla fully committed to a Bollywood client base when she designed for actor Sapna who was prominent in the Bollywood community in South India. This success was followed by her designs for actresses Salma Agha (/wiki/Salma_Agha) and Sridevi (/wiki/Sridevi) . A notable creation from later in Neeta's career was a dress she designed for Aishwarya Rai's (/wiki/Aishwarya_Rai) wedding to Abhishek Bachchan (/wiki/Abhishek_Bachchan) . She crafted Rai's pearl-encrusted lehenga for her mehendi ceremony and an additional dress for her South Indian wedding ceremony. The designer has claimed her favorite actress for whom she has created pieces was Divya Bharti (/wiki/Divya_Bharti) . Neeta Lulla has designed for Shilpa Shetty (/wiki/Shilpa_Shetty) , Aishwarya Rai (/wiki/Aishwarya_Rai) , Sridevi (/wiki/Sridevi) , Sapna, Salma Azad, Isha Koppikar (/wiki/Isha_Koppikar) and Juhi Chawla (/wiki/Juhi_Chawla) . Courtesy of reality TV show Tahul, Lulla also designer for Dimpy Ganguly, Rahul Mahajan's young bride. [3] (#cite_note-3) After successfully completing the challenge of designing for films like Mohenjo Daro (/wiki/Mohenjo_Daro_(film)) (2016), [4] (#cite_note-4) she plans on trying her hand in Tollywood again with Gautamiputra Satakarni (/wiki/Gautamiputra_Satakarni) . [5] (#cite_note-5) Neeta Lulla has been known to utilize Paithani, the ancient technique of tapestry that combines multiple threads of different colors and incorporates gold and silver threads woven together to create a dynamic piece of silk. One of her most notable Paithani collections was shown in February 2016 at the Make In India initiative. At this show she showcased a wide range of pieces including flowing lehangas, long kurtas, jackets, dhoti pants, sarong skirts — all of which were embroidered according to the Paithani style. In regards to the collection and show held in Maharashtra, Neeta commented: “Maharashtra has always held a special place in my heart; this has been home to my whole life and art. I have chosen to showcase the intricacies, elaborateness and immaculacy of Paithani, a legacy of Maharashtra.” [6] (#cite_note-6) In 2013, Lulla opened The Whistling Wood International Neeta School of Fashion in her home city of Mumbai. [7] (#cite_note-7) The institute offers a selection of courses in fashion, merchandising and online marketing. The school is currently owned by Subash Ghai who has worked with Lulla on several films. [8] (#cite_note-:0-8) Neeta comments: "I have been teaching fashion for the last 26 years. As an extension to my teaching I joined a venture which is part of Whistling Woods International that belongs to Ghai. It seems that Indian film industry really does see the fashion industry as an extension of their own business." Social activism [ edit ] Neeta Lulla has been vocal about combating gender-based violence and has used her work as a platform for promoting the issue. Her 2016 collection "#SheIsMe" simultaneously communicated both gentleness and resilience in the face of abuse. The collections debut at Lakme Fashion Week included a dance recital that spoke against women abuse. Lulla comments: "This collection in its entirety speaks about a woman's characteristics. You see the vibrancy of the Cherry Blossom and the Osmanthus transition into the colours of dried flowers and cracked mother Earth. Just as these magnificent miracles of nature respond to tenderness and care but can also just as easily dry away with neglect, a woman's spirit begins to wither under any physical or emotional abuse. We need to raise our voice against this." [9] (#cite_note-:1-9) Personal life [ edit ] Neeta Lulla at Esha Deol (/wiki/Esha_Deol) 's wedding reception Neeta Lulla was born in Mumbai (/wiki/Mumbai) , India in a Sindhi family (/wiki/Sindhi_Hindus) and grew up in Mumbai and Hyderabad. [10] (#cite_note-ti-10) She spent significant time in Film City, Mumbai (/wiki/Film_City,_Mumbai) , a film studio and completed her education from SNDT Women's University (/wiki/SNDT_Women%27s_University) . [8] (#cite_note-:0-8) [10] (#cite_note-ti-10) She is now married to Dr Shyam Lulla who is a psychiatrist. [11] (#cite_note-11) Collections [ edit ] Make in India: showcased an exclusive Paithani collection made of contemporary separates on 17 February 2016 #SheIsMe: showcased at Lakme Fashion Week, collection focused on combating gender based violence, 6 April 2016 [9] (#cite_note-:1-9) Awards [ edit ] Further information: List of awards and nominations received by Neeta Lulla (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Neeta_Lulla) National Film Award for Best Costume Design (/wiki/National_Film_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design) 2012 for Balgandharva (/wiki/Balgandharva_(film)) National Film Award for Best Costume Design (/wiki/National_Film_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design) 2009 for Jodhaa Akbar (/wiki/Jodhaa_Akbar) . IIFA Best Costume Design Award (/wiki/IIFA_Best_Costume_Design_Award) 2009 for Jodhaa Akbar (/wiki/Jodhaa_Akbar) . Kingfisher Fashion Award 2005 for Contribution to Fashion Bollywood Movie Award – Best Costume Designer (/wiki/Bollywood_Movie_Award_%E2%80%93_Best_Costume_Designer) 2003 for Devdas (/wiki/Devdas_(2002_Hindi_film)) . Zee Cine Award for Best Costume Designer (/wiki/Zee_Cine_Award_for_Best_Costume_Designer) 2003 for Devdas (/wiki/Devdas_(2002_Hindi_film)) . National Film Award for Best Costume Design (/wiki/National_Film_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design) 2002 for Devdas (/wiki/Devdas_(2002_Hindi_film)) . Bollywood Movie Award – Best Costume Designer (/wiki/Bollywood_Movie_Award_%E2%80%93_Best_Costume_Designer) 2001 for Mission Kashmir (/wiki/Mission_Kashmir) . IIFA Best Costume Design Award (/wiki/IIFA_Best_Costume_Design_Award) 2000 for Taal (/wiki/Taal_(film)) Fashion Designer of the Decade at Satya Brahma founded Indian Affairs India Leadership Conclave (/wiki/India_Leadership_Conclave) 2016. [12] (#cite_note-12) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Designer Neeta Lulla With Daughter Nishka Lulla At The Wedding Reception Of Ahana Deol In Mumbai" (http://pages.rediff.com/photoalbum/preview/rediff-bollywood-photos/top-bollywood-celebs-and-politicians-at-wedding-reception-of-ahana-deol/5835591/40457401/202510/36/designer-neeta-lulla-with-daughter-nishka-lulla-at-the-wedding-reception-of-ahana-deol-in-mumbai) . Rediff. 3 February 2014 . Retrieved 5 November 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Assomull, Sujata (15 November 2015). "Bollywood favourite, designer Neeta Lulla talks shop while in Dubai" (http://www.khaleejtimes.com/citytimes/in-the-city/bollywood-favourite-designer-neeta-lulla-talks-shop-while-in-dubai) . Khaleej Times . Retrieved 26 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Pinto, Rochelle (22 October 2010). "Neeta Lulla's Bollywood brides". Hindustan Times . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Varma, Lipika (25 July 2016). "Styling for the era not easy: Neeta Lulla" (https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/bollywood/250716/styling-for-the-era-not-easy-neeta-lulla.html) . Deccan Chronicle . Retrieved 5 November 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Neeta Lulla to work in Tollywood again" (https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/tollywood/170716/neeta-lulla-to-work-in-tollywood-again.html) . Deccan Chronicle . 17 July 2016 . Retrieved 5 November 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Make in India Week: Neeta Lulla to exhibit Paithani line" (http://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/fashion/make-in-india-week-neeta-lulla-to-exhibit-paithani-line/) . The Indian Express . 13 February 2016 . Retrieved 26 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Neeta Lulla, Subhash Ghai to launch fashion school" (https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/neeta-lulla-subhash-ghai-to-launch-fashion-school/article23105607.ece) . @businessline . 16 July 2013 . Retrieved 13 May 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b Bakshi, Asmita (24 February 2014). "Mumbai exudes a lot of style, says Neeta Lulla". India Today . ^ Jump up to: a b "We need to raise our voice against abuse: Neeta Lulla" (http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/fashion/shows/We-need-to-raise-our-voice-against-abuse-Neeta-Lulla/articleshow/51711874.cms) . Times of India . 6 April 2016 . Retrieved 26 June 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b I don't think there is a single designer who has never made a faux pas (https://www.telegraphindia.com/7-days/i-don-t-think-there-is-a-single-designer-who-has-never-made-a-faux-pas/cid/1535254) . Telegraph India (/wiki/Telegraph_India) . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Celebrity Designer Neeta Lulla's Daughter Nishka Lulla Ties The Knot With Businessman Dhruv Mehra" (https://www.bollywoodshaadis.com/articles/celebrity-designer-neeta-lulla%27s-daughter-nishka-lulla-ties-the-knot-with-businessman-dhruv-mehra-3807) . BollywoodShaadis . 5 June 2015 . Retrieved 18 May 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Top Entrepreneurs in Business & Iconic Stars in Cinema shined at India Leadership Conclave 2016 's ILC Power Brand Awards 2016 – Indian Affairs" (http://indianaffairs.tv/top-entrepreneurs-in-business-iconic-stars-in-cinema-shined-at-india-leadership-conclave-2016-s-ilc-power-brand-awards-2016/) . 3 July 2016 . Retrieved 29 July 2016 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Neeta Lulla (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Neeta_Lulla) . 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Fashion trend Examples of clothing from The North Face (/wiki/The_North_Face) , a brand commonly cited as being popularised by the gorpcore trend. Gorpcore is a fashion trend (/wiki/Fashion_trend) in which outerwear (/wiki/Outerwear) typically designed for outdoor recreation (/wiki/Outdoor_recreation) is worn as streetwear (/wiki/Streetwear) . It has been described as "wearing functional outdoor wear in an urban, trendy style". This includes technical (/wiki/Technical_textile) garments such as puffer jackets (/wiki/Puffer_jacket) , hiking boots (/wiki/Hiking_boot) and fleeces (/wiki/Fleece_jacket) , and brands such as The North Face (/wiki/The_North_Face) , Patagonia (/wiki/Patagonia,_Inc.) and Arc'teryx (/wiki/Arc%27teryx) . While the trend has a practical basis, it has also been embraced for its stylish appeal, with celebrities incorporating outdoor gear into everyday outfits. Coined in 2017, gorpcore emerged as a popular trend in the 2020s (/wiki/2020s_in_fashion) ; some analysts suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) in part influenced this. Etymology [ edit ] The term "gorpcore" was first introduced by writer Jason Chen in an article for New York magazine (/wiki/New_York_(magazine)) 's fashion blog The Cut in 2017. The term derives from the term normcore (/wiki/Normcore) and the popular hiking (/wiki/Hiking) snack, gorp (/wiki/Trail_mix) (possibly an acronym of "good ol' raisins (/wiki/Raisin) and peanuts (/wiki/Peanut) ", but likely a backronym (/wiki/Backronym) ). [1] (#cite_note-:22-1) Initially, the term was used ironically to describe outdoors fashion that was seen as "defiantly ugly". [2] (#cite_note-:32-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) In 1997, a website called "gorp.com" expanded the acronym as "Great Outdoor Recreation Pages". [4] (#cite_note-Newsda19980819p114-4) Overview [ edit ] Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) (left) wearing a puffer jacket (/wiki/Puffer_jacket) Gorpcore initially referred to the emergence of stylish yet practical clothing, and was further popularized during the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) as people were drawn to outdoor activities. [1] (#cite_note-:22-1) [5] (#cite_note-:0-5) [2] (#cite_note-:32-2) The trend led to a surge in sales for outdoor gear (/wiki/Outdoor_recreation) such as puffer jackets (/wiki/Down_jacket) and hiking boots (/wiki/Hiking_boot) . Some fashion experts believe the trend started well before the pandemic, thanks to celebrities like A$AP Rocky (/wiki/A$AP_Rocky) and Frank Ocean (/wiki/Frank_Ocean) wearing hiking-inspired clothing. [2] (#cite_note-:32-2) Furthermore, certain outdoor brands such as Timberland (/wiki/Timberland_(company)) have long been considered fashionable within various subcultures, such as the hip-hop subculture (/wiki/Hip_hop_fashion) . High-end fashion brands such as Gucci (/wiki/Gucci) and Moncler (/wiki/Moncler) have also contributed to the trend with collaborations featuring functional yet fashionable designs, such as Gucci and The North Face (/wiki/The_North_Face) 's collaboration announced in September 2021. [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) Outdoor gear brands like Patagonia (/wiki/Patagonia,_Inc.) , Columbia (/wiki/Columbia_Sportswear) , Mammut (/wiki/Mammut_Sports_Group) , and Arc’teryx (/wiki/Arc%27teryx) have also benefited from the trend, with celebrities such as Frank Ocean (/wiki/Frank_Ocean) , Hailey Bieber (/wiki/Hailey_Bieber) , Kendall Jenner (/wiki/Kendall_Jenner) and Bella Hadid (/wiki/Bella_Hadid) seen wearing their products at fashion shows as well as in everyday settings. [1] (#cite_note-:22-1) [8] (#cite_note-:1-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) [2] (#cite_note-:32-2) Gorpcore was a dominant trend in 2023, with fashion experts predicting its longevity and evolution. [2] (#cite_note-:32-2) The essence of gorpcore fashion is centered on incorporating hiking-themed and mountainwear clothing items such as cargo pants (/wiki/Cargo_pants) , hiking boots (/wiki/Hiking_boot) , items lined with Gore-Tex (/wiki/Gore-Tex) , technical puffer jackets, hiking boots, fleeces (/wiki/Fleece_jacket) , [10] (#cite_note-:2-10) and other outdoor garments. [5] (#cite_note-:0-5) [2] (#cite_note-:32-2) [11] (#cite_note-11) Accessories often include functional fanny packs and crossbody bags, minimal jewelry, and sporty sunglasses. [2] (#cite_note-:32-2) Although the trend typically leans towards looser fits, it allows for customization and versatility. [2] (#cite_note-:32-2) Color schemes are usually either nature-inspired and earthy or bright and bold. Pants often have many pockets or details. [5] (#cite_note-:0-5) German rapper DCVDNS wearing a puffer jacket while performing at Splash! (/wiki/Splash!_(festival)) music festival. Popular brands associated with gorpcore fashion include Patagonia, Hoka (/wiki/Hoka_One_One) , Teva (/wiki/Teva_Footwear) , The North Face, REI (/wiki/REI) , Arc’teryx, Black Crows Skis (/wiki/Black_Crows_Skis) , Columbia, Salomon (/wiki/Salomon_Group) , 66North, Outdoor Voices (/wiki/Outdoor_Voices) , Urban Outfitters (/wiki/Urban_Outfitters) , and Free People (/wiki/Free_People) . [2] (#cite_note-:32-2) The demand for the fashion aesthetic has led to a series of new collaborations among fashion and outdoor brands like The North Face and Supreme, Fjällräven (/wiki/Fj%C3%A4llr%C3%A4ven) and Acne Studios (/wiki/Acne_Studios) , and Reformation and Canada Goose (/wiki/Canada_Goose_(clothing)) . Cult brand Sandy Liang (/wiki/Sandy_Liang) frequently incorporates gorpcore elements, such as in their first viral release, a fleece inspired by grandmothers in Chinatown. [10] (#cite_note-:2-10) According to Lorna Hall, director of fashion intelligence as WSGN, "Essentially, gorpcore became the new luxury streetwear", which has become apparent in the launch of items like the Jacquemus hiking boots the Dior (/wiki/Dior) x Birkenstock (/wiki/Birkenstock) collaboration, and Prada (/wiki/Prada) 's popular nylon accessories. [12] (#cite_note-12) Gorpcore's appeal has been attributed to its combination of functionality and effortless style as well its association with activities like skiing (/wiki/Skiing) and hiking that are often considered exclusive to the wealthy (/wiki/American_upper_class) . The trend's accessibility through second-hand (/wiki/Second-hand_clothing) and timeless pieces makes it alluring to a mainstream audience. Gorpcore is seen as a form of investment dressing that remains practical even as styles evolve. It also provides a sense of comfort and adventure to its wearers by being prepared for the elements, making it an attractive escape from reality (/wiki/Escapism) . [5] (#cite_note-:0-5) See also [ edit ] Athleisure (/wiki/Athleisure) Normcore (/wiki/Normcore) Sportswear (fashion) (/wiki/Sportswear_(fashion)) Surfwear (/wiki/Surfwear) Techwear (/wiki/Clothing_technology#Techwear) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c "You May Be Guilty Of 'Gorpcore' And Frankly, We Don't Blame You" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/fashion/article/what-is-gorpcore-trend) . British Vogue . May 8, 2021 . Retrieved May 13, 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i "Gorpcore Is the Sporty Spring Trend Approved by Bella Hadid" (https://www.teenvogue.com/story/what-is-gorpcore) . Teen Vogue . April 5, 2023 . Retrieved May 13, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Chen, Jason (May 25, 2017). "First Came Normcore. Now Get Ready for Gorpcore" (https://www.thecut.com/2017/05/new-fashion-trends-normcore-gorpcore.html) . The Cut . Retrieved May 13, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-Newsda19980819p114_4-0) "Web Sighting: Great Outdoor Recreation Pages" (https://newspapers.com/article/newsday-suffolk-edition-web-sighting/133796465/) . Newsday (Suffolk Edition) . August 19, 1998. p. 114 . Retrieved October 21, 2023 – via Newspapers.com. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Ike, Noelle; Underscored, C. N. N. (December 2, 2022). "What is gorpcore? Stylists explain the fashion trend and share their favorite pieces" (https://www.cnn.com/cnn-underscored/fashion/gorpcore-style) . CNN Underscored . Retrieved April 27, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Schneider, Ari. "The North Face And Gucci Tease New High-End Gorpcore Line" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/arischneider/2020/09/27/the-north-face-and-gucci-tease-new-high-end-gorpcore-line/) . Forbes . Retrieved May 13, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Gucci Teams Up With The North Face" (https://www.elle.com/fashion/a34130215/gucci-north-face-collaboration/) . ELLE . September 23, 2020 . Retrieved May 13, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-:1_8-0) Dacre, Karen (November 26, 2021). "Gorpcore trend peaks again as extreme outdoor wear hits pub and park" (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2021/nov/26/gorpcore-trend-rises-as-extreme-outdoor-wear-hits-pub-and-park) . The Guardian . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0261-3077 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077) . Retrieved April 27, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) James, Harvey (2022). "WHAT DO ACTUAL HIKERS THINK ABOUT GORPCORE?" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/gorpcore-analysis/) . Highsnobiety (/wiki/Highsnobiety) . ^ Jump up to: a b McCann, Allison (September 19, 2019). "The Fashion Week Diary of Sandy Liang, Fleece Phenom" (https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/19/business/sandy-liang-fashion-week-diary.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved May 13, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Will we ever say goodbye to gorpcore?" (https://www.ft.com/content/21d4ed38-eb59-4bb4-b187-0052bc58cf1d) . Financial Times . March 8, 2023 . Retrieved April 27, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Wei, Angela (December 5, 2022). "The New Wave of Gorpcore" (https://fashionista.com/2022/12/gorpcore-clothing-luxury-fashion) . Fashionista . 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It was established in 1997 and covers the study of fashion (/wiki/Fashion) , including aspects from sociology (/wiki/Sociology) , art history (/wiki/Art_history) , consumption studies, and anthropology (/wiki/Anthropology) . In the first editorial, the founding editor-in-chief (/wiki/Editor-in-chief) Valerie Steele (/wiki/Valerie_Steele) ( The Museum at the Fashion Institute of Technology (/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Technology) ) stated that the journal approaches fashion "as the cultural construction of the embodied identity". [1] (#cite_note-1) The journal investigates issues of body in society but also includes studies on practices of production, dissemination, and consumption of dress. In addition, it includes reviews of exhibitions and academic publications. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Steele, Valerie (1997). "Letter from the Editor". Fashion Theory . 1 : 1–2. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2752/136270497779754589 (https://doi.org/10.2752%2F136270497779754589) . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=rfft20) Fashion Theory (https://300oferta.com/) This article about a humanities (/wiki/Humanities) journal (/wiki/Academic_journal) is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fashion_Theory&action=edit) . See tips for writing articles about academic journals (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Academic_Journals/Writing_guide) . 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Nigerian actress (born 1958) Patience Ozokwor Ozokwor on set in 2006 Born ( 1958-09-14 ) 14 September 1958 (age 65) Ngwo (/wiki/Ngwo) , Enugu Nigeria (/w/index.php?title=Enugu_Nigeria&action=edit&redlink=1) Nationality Nigerian Other names Mama G, [1] (#cite_note-Daily_Trust_2023-1) G for general [2] (#cite_note-Peoples_Gazette_2023-2) Alma mater Institute of Management and Technology, Enugu (/wiki/Institute_of_Management_and_Technology,_Enugu) Anglican Girls Secondary School Ngwo Abimbola Abimbola Gibson Memorial School, Lagos. Occupation(s) Actress, television personality, musician and fashion designer Years active 1999–present Children 4 Biological 3 Adopted Website http://patienceozokwo.com/ (http://patienceozokwo.com/) Patience Ozokwor // (/wiki/Help:IPA/English) ⓘ (/wiki/File:Ig-Patience_Ozokwo.ogg) (born 14 September 1958), otherwise known as Mama G, or G for General, is a renowned Nigerian Nollywood actress, a television personality, fashion designer, and a musician. She won the Best Supporting Actress 2012 & 2013 (/wiki/Africa_Movie_Academy_Award_for_Best_Actress_in_a_Supporting_Role) award at the 10th Africa Movie Academy Awards (/wiki/10th_Africa_Movie_Academy_Awards) . [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) She is known for taking the role of a wicked woman in some of her movies. [7] (#cite_note-:0-7) Patience Ozokwor was among the top 100 Nigerians Honored by the government to celebrate the amalgamation of the northern and southern protectorates in 2014. [8] (#cite_note-8) On May 20, 2023, she was named the Merit Award Winner at the 2023 Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards (/wiki/2023_Africa_Magic_Viewers%27_Choice_Awards) . [9] (#cite_note-Kareem_2023-9) [10] (#cite_note-Alabi_2023-10) Early life [ edit ] Patience Ozokwor was born in the village of Amaobo, Ngwo (/wiki/Ngwo) in present-day Enugu State (/wiki/Enugu_State) , Nigeria (/wiki/Nigeria) , [11] (#cite_note-Lawal_2023-11) [12] (#cite_note-Bamgbose_2023-12) and attended Abimbola Gibson Memorial School in Lagos (/wiki/Lagos) . Patience Ozokwor had a passion for acting ever since she was in primary school, where she would act in different stage plays. [13] (#cite_note-13) She later attended the Institute of Management and Technology Enugu (/wiki/Institute_of_Management_and_Technology,_Enugu) , where Patience obtained a degree in fine and applied arts. Before starting as an actress, she was part of a Radio Drama. [14] (#cite_note-:1-14) She took part in a soap opera by the Nigerian Television Authority (/wiki/Nigerian_Television_Authority) (NTA) titled " Someone Cares". [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-Rapheal-16) She was married at age 19 [17] (#cite_note-17) and has three biological children and five adopted ones, who all bear her name. Ozokwor became a widow in 2000 when she lost her husband. [16] (#cite_note-Rapheal-16) [18] (#cite_note-18) Career [ edit ] She was an announcer and broadcaster on Radio Nigeria (/wiki/Radio_Nigeria) before she became an actress. She rose to fame from her role in the 1999 movie Authority and her first TV drama won a soap opera titled Someone Cares on the Nigerian Television Authority (/wiki/Nigerian_Television_Authority) (NTA). [14] (#cite_note-:1-14) Since her rise to fame, she proceeded to act in over 100 movies. [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) She recently starred in the Mo Abudu (/wiki/Mo_Abudu) Netflix movie Chief Daddy (/wiki/Chief_Daddy) (2018) and Chief Daddy 2: Going for Broke (/wiki/Chief_Daddy_2:_Going_for_Broke) (2022) as Madam Pat. Personal life [ edit ] She got married at the age of 19 and she lost her husband to a terminal disease. [21] (#cite_note-21) She has three biological children, five adopted children and grand children. [22] (#cite_note-22) She is also an ordained evangelist (/wiki/Evangelism) . [7] (#cite_note-:0-7) Selected filmography [ edit ] Year Movie Role 1999 Authority 1999 Ijele Aku 1999 Oganigwe Lolo 2001 Desperadoes 2001 The Eliminators (Amandianeze) 2001 Greedy Genius 2001 Mothering Sunday Eluwa 2001 Terrible Sin 2001 Ukwa [23] (#cite_note-23) Susana 2002 $1 (One Dollar) 2002 Christian Marriage 2002 Final Clash 2002 Fire on the Mountain 2002 Miracle 2002 Okwu Na Uka 2002 Old School 2002 Pretender 2002 Submission 2002 Sunrise 2002 The Vulture 2003 2 Rats 2003 Arrows 2003 Billionaires Club Njideka 2003 Blood Sister Ulumma 2003 By His Grace 2003 The Cross of Love Uloma 2003 Cry No More Agues 2003 Deceiver 2003 Emotional Crack Magdalene 2003 Evil Woman 2003 Forever Yours 2003 Last Miracle 2003 Market Sellers 2003 Mr. Trouble 2003 No Nonsense 2003 Onunaeyi: Seeds of Bondage 2003 Princess Buttem 2003 Price of the Wicked Ijenu 2003 Private Sin Mrs. Ejiofor 2003 The Storm Is Over 2003 Under Fire 2003 Women Affair 2004 Annabel Amelia 2004 Eyin Oka 2004 Fateful Love 2004 Heritage 2004 Indulgence 2004 Love After Love Abigail 2004 Love & Pride 2004 Mama-G in America 2004 Mama, I Will Die for You 2004 Millionaire's Daughter 2004 Mothers-in-Law 2004 My First Love 2004 My Mother My Marriage 2004 My Woman 2004 Old School 2 & 3 2004 Police Woman 2004 The Staff of Odo 2005 Women in Power Joyce 2006 Last Dance Lucia 2007 Alice My First Lady Amaoge 2008 Husband My Foot Rose 2009 Missing Child Owakwe 2010 Power of a Kiss Mrs. George 2011 Open & Close Charity 2012 Turning Point Mrs. Afolabi 2013 Cry of a Witch Mma 2014 Idemili Queen 2015 Overseas Amaka 2017 Days of Tears Ndudi 2017 Wedding party 2 (/wiki/The_Wedding_Party_2) Adanna 2018 Chief Daddy (/wiki/Chief_Daddy) Madam Pat 2019 Knock out 2020 Bad Comments (/wiki/Bad_Comments) Mama Frank 2021 The Ghost and the Tout Too (/wiki/The_Ghost_and_the_Tout_Too) Mama G 2021 The Ghost killer 2021 Depths of Despair Agatha 2022 Cake Tomiwa's Mum 2022 Chief Daddy 2: Going for Broke (/wiki/Chief_Daddy_2:_Going_for_Broke) Madam Pat 2022 Be with me Agnes 2022 Battle on Buka Street (/wiki/Battle_on_Buka_Street) [24] (#cite_note-Oladotun_2022-24) 2023 The Scuffle [25] (#cite_note-25) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Daily_Trust_2023_1-0) "You don't need Abuja or Lagos to become a star – Patience Ozokwor" (https://dailytrust.com/you-dont-need-abuja-or-lagos-to-become-a-star-patience-ozokwor/) . Daily Trust . 8 February 2023 . Retrieved 2 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-Peoples_Gazette_2023_2-0) "I can't leave my marriage because of infidelity: Patience Ozokwor" (https://gazettengr.com/i-cant-leave-my-marriage-because-of-infidelity-patience-ozokwor/) . Peoples Gazette . 25 January 2023 . Retrieved 2 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Patience Ozorkwor Biography" (https://web.archive.org/web/20201110073304/https://www.informafrica.com/entertainment-africa/patience-ozokwos-biography-filmography/) . informafrica.com. Archived from the original (http://www.informafrica.com/entertainment-africa/patience-ozokwos-biography-filmography/) on 10 November 2020 . Retrieved 8 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "When Patience Ozokwor stormed London for son's wedding" (http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/06/when-patience-ozokwor-stormed-london-for-sons-wedding/) . vanguardngr.com . Retrieved 8 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) " (http://pulse.ng/movies/interview-i-miss-my-husbands-love-and-companion-patience-ozokwor-id2752186.html) 'I Miss My Husband's Love And Companion' Patience Ozokwor" (http://pulse.ng/movies/interview-i-miss-my-husbands-love-and-companion-patience-ozokwor-id2752186.html) . pulse.ng . Retrieved 8 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Patience Ozokwor reveals her real age & why she adopted 5 children" (http://diamondcelebrities.com/2014/03/25/patience-ozokwor-reveals-her-real-age-why-she-adopted-5-children/) . diamondcelebrities.com . Retrieved 8 August 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b "What Pastor Okotie, Patience Ozokwor, others have in common" (https://punchng.com/what-pastor-okotie-patience-ozokwor-others-have-in-common/) . Punch Newspapers . 24 January 2021 . Retrieved 6 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Jonathan decorates Obasanjo, Buhari, IBB, others with centenary awards" (http://www.vanguardngr.com/2014/03/jonathan-decorates-obasanjo-buhari-ibb-others-centenary-awards/) . vanguardngr.com . Retrieved 7 October 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Kareem_2023_9-0) Kareem, Itunu Azeez (20 May 2023). "AMVCA: Patience Ozokwor Wins Industry Merit Award" (https://editor.guardian.ng/life/amvca-patience-ozokwor-wins-industry-merit-award/) . The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News . Retrieved 21 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-Alabi_2023_10-0) Alabi, Tope (21 May 2023). "AMVCA 2023: Full list of winners" (https://punchng.com/amvca-2023-full-list-of-winners/) . Punch Newspapers . Retrieved 21 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-Lawal_2023_11-0) Lawal, Khadijat (21 May 2023). "AMVCA: Patience Ozokwor Receives Industry Merit Award" (https://www.channelstv.com/2023/05/21/amvca-patience-ozokwor-wins-industry-merit-awards/amp/) . Channels Television . Retrieved 2 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-Bamgbose_2023_12-0) Bamgbose, Temi (20 May 2023). "Meet Patience Ozokwor, winner of Industry Merit Awards AMVCA9" (https://businessday.ng/life-arts/article/meet-patience-ozokwor-winner-of-industry-merit-awards-amvca9/) . Businessday NG . Retrieved 2 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "In Patience Ozokwor's movie world" (https://www.monitor.co.ughttps//www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/reviews-profiles/in-patience-ozokwor-s-movie-world-1575450) . Monitor . 5 January 2021 . Retrieved 26 December 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "I'm not wicked but soft- hearted— Patience Ozokwor" (https://punchng.com/im-not-wicked-but-soft-hearted-patience-ozokwor/) . Punch Newspapers . 6 January 2019 . Retrieved 6 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "How I was 'dragged' into Nollywood- Patience Ozokwor" (https://punchng.com/how-i-was-dragged-into-nollywood-patience-ozokwor/) . Punch Newspapers . 18 February 2021 . Retrieved 4 March 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b Rapheal (12 December 2020). "Ozokwor: Nollywood's Mama G" (https://www.sunnewsonline.com/ozokwor-nollywoods-mama-g-2/) . The Sun Nigeria . Retrieved 23 July 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Biography" (https://web.archive.org/web/20201110073304/https://www.informafrica.com/entertainment-africa/patience-ozokwos-biography-filmography/) . Kevin Onuma for Inform Africa. 8 May 2012. Archived from the original (http://www.informafrica.com/entertainment-africa/patience-ozokwos-biography-filmography/) on 10 November 2020 . Retrieved 27 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Hannah, Idowu (4 February 2022). "All about Patience Ozokwor's husband, Mr Ozokwor" (https://dnbstories.com/2022/02/all-about-patience-ozokwors-marriage-husband-and-children.html#:~:text=Patience%20Ozokwor's%20late%20husband%2C%20Mr,Enugu%20as%20a%20civil%20servant.) . DNB Stories Africa . Retrieved 16 July 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "I'm not afraid to look old, says actress Patience Ozokwo" (https://punchng.com/im-not-afraid-to-look-old-says-actress-patience-ozokwo/) . Punch Newspapers . 23 October 2021 . Retrieved 6 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Patience Ozokwor" (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2115757/) . IMDb . Retrieved 6 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "When Patience Ozokwor stormed London for son's wedding" (https://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/06/when-patience-ozokwor-stormed-london-for-sons-wedding/) . Vanguard News . 31 May 2013 . Retrieved 6 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Actress Patience Ozokwor celebrates granddaughter on her birthday" (https://punchng.com/actress-patience-ozokwor-celebrates-granddaughter-on-her-birthday/) . Punch Newspapers . 31 January 2022 . Retrieved 6 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Ukwa (2001)" (https://letterboxd.com/film/ukwa/) . Letterboxd . Retrieved 5 November 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-Oladotun_2022_24-0) Oladotun, Shola-Adido (24 December 2022). "MOVIE REVIEW: 'Battle on Buka Street' is perfect film to wrap up 2022" (https://www.premiumtimesng.com/entertainment/nollywood/572061-movie-review-battle-on-buka-street-is-perfect-film-to-wrap-up-2022.html) . Premium Times Nigeria . Retrieved 2 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Patience Ozokwor | Actress, Producer" (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2115757/) . IMDb . Retrieved 18 June 2024 . External links [ edit ] Patience Ozokwor (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2115757/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) v t e Africa Movie Academy Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role (/wiki/Africa_Movie_Academy_Award_for_Best_Actress_in_a_Supporting_Role) Omotola Jalade Ekeinde (/wiki/Omotola_Jalade_Ekeinde) (2005) Onyeka Onwenu (/wiki/Onyeka_Onwenu) (2006) Jackie Appiah (/wiki/Jackie_Appiah) (2007) Joke Silva (/wiki/Joke_Silva) (2008) Mercy Johnson (/wiki/Mercy_Johnson) (2009) Tapiwa Gwaza (/wiki/Tapiwa_Gwaza) (2010) Marlene Longage (/w/index.php?title=Marlene_Longage&action=edit&redlink=1) (2011) Terry Pheto (/wiki/Terry_Pheto) (2012) Hermelinda Cimela (/w/index.php?title=Hermelinda_Cimela&action=edit&redlink=1) (2013) Patience Ozokwor (2014) Hilda Dokubo (/wiki/Hilda_Dokubo) (2015) Thishiwe Ziqubu (/wiki/Thishiwe_Ziqubu) (2016) Angélique Kidjo (/wiki/Ang%C3%A9lique_Kidjo) (2017) Joke Silva (/wiki/Joke_Silva) (2018) Adesua Etomi (/wiki/Adesua_Etomi) (2019) Maryam Booth (/wiki/Maryam_Booth) (2020) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐x5z4x Cached time: 20240712172200 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.599 seconds Real time usage: 0.766 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2949/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 53806/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2539/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 104804/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.361/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7722932/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 711.022 1 -total 31.03% 220.627 1 Template:Reflist 26.97% 191.764 1 Template:Infobox_person 26.38% 187.550 25 Template:Cite_web 12.50% 88.843 1 Template:Short_description 9.74% 69.261 1 Template:Africa_Movie_Academy_Award_for_Best_Supporting_Actress 9.46% 67.243 1 Template:Navbox 7.55% 53.706 1 Template:IPAc-en 6.92% 49.216 2 Template:Pagetype 6.59% 46.841 4 Template:Br_separated_entries Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:31713171-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712172200 and revision id 1229810173. 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Skin care product E45 cream is a skin care product (/wiki/Skin_care_product) created in 1952 and currently marketed by Karo Pharma (/w/index.php?title=Karo_Pharma&action=edit&redlink=1) . It contains the following active ingredients (/wiki/Active_ingredients) : lanolin (/wiki/Lanolin) , white soft paraffin (/wiki/Paraffin_wax) and liquid paraffin (/wiki/Liquid_paraffin_(drug)) . Although it was initially only available in hospitals, increased demand and successful results made the product available at retail as well. After belonging to a subsidiary of the Reckitt (/wiki/Reckitt) group until mid-year, the brand was sold on April 1, 2022 and ownership was transferred by Crookes Healthcare (/wiki/Crookes_Healthcare) to Karo Pharma. [1] (#cite_note-1) E45 cream [ edit ] E45 is an emollient (/wiki/Moisturizer) . Emollients are proven to seal in moisture. Paraffin creates a breathable and hypoallergenic layer over damaged skin to protect it from potential irritants whilst lanolin (/wiki/Lanolin) heals and softens the epidermis (/wiki/Epidermis) . The effectiveness of E45 doubles when applied on skin that is still slightly damp. In 2016 it was one of the biggest selling branded over-the-counter (/wiki/Over-the-counter) medications sold in Great Britain, with sales of £35.5 million. [2] (#cite_note-2) The product contains paraffin (a fire accelerant (/wiki/Fire_accelerant) ) and can generate fire (/wiki/Fire) risks. It has been associated with deaths from fire and, from 2017, was set to carry a flammability warning. [3] (#cite_note-3) E45 cream contains the following: Active ingredients Measure Anhydrous lanolin (Medilan) (/wiki/Lanolin) 1.0%w/w White soft paraffin (/wiki/Paraffin_wax) 14.5%w/w Light liquid paraffin (/wiki/Liquid_paraffin_(drug)) 12.6%w/w Additional ingredients Glycerol monostearate (/wiki/Glycerol_monostearate) Cetyl alcohol (/wiki/Cetyl_alcohol) Sodium cetostearyl sulphate Carbomer (/wiki/Polyacrylic_acid) Methyl hydroxybenzoate (/wiki/Methylparaben) (E218) Propyl hydroxybenzoate (/wiki/Propylparaben) (E26) Sodium hydroxide (/wiki/Sodium_hydroxide) Citric acid monohydrate (/wiki/Citric_acid) Purified water (/wiki/Distilled_water) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Karo Pharma completes the acquisition of the E45® brand from Reckitt" (https://www.prnewswire.co.uk/news-releases/karo-pharma-completes-the-acquisition-of-the-e45-r-brand-from-reckitt-898358669.html/) . PR Newswire UK . Retrieved 2022-12-21 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "A breakdown of the over-the-counter medicines market in Britain in 2016" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170908213934/http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/20202662.article?amp%3Butm_medium=email&) . Pharmaceutical Journal. 28 April 2017. Archived from the original (http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/20202662.article?amp;utm_medium=email&) on 8 September 2017 . Retrieved 29 May 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Skin creams containing paraffin linked to fire deaths" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-39308748) . BBC News. 19 March 2017 . Retrieved 29 May 2017 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐6f5ccb59c8‐8q8tz Cached time: 20240623021740 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.158 seconds Real time usage: 0.241 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 346/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 5896/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 340/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 11755/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.101/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3231613/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 219.178 1 -total 53.65% 117.583 1 Template:Reflist 46.10% 101.032 3 Template:Cite_news 44.99% 98.611 1 Template:Short_description 29.97% 65.695 2 Template:Pagetype 8.61% 18.880 3 Template:Main_other 7.61% 16.681 1 Template:SDcat 1.03% 2.253 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:37295476-0!canonical and timestamp 20240623021740 and revision id 1208839928. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=E45_cream&oldid=1208839928 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=E45_cream&oldid=1208839928) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Ointments (/wiki/Category:Ointments) 2022 mergers and acquisitions (/wiki/Category:2022_mergers_and_acquisitions) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) |
Coat worn by Mahdists in Sudan, 1880s "Jibbah" redirects here. For the bulge on the forehead of an Arabian horse, see Equine conformation § Muzzle (/wiki/Equine_conformation#Muzzle) . Watercolour (/wiki/Watercolor_painting) of a Mahdist (/wiki/Mahdist_State) jibba held at the British Museum The jibba or jibbah ( Arabic (/wiki/Arabic_language) : جبة , romanized: jubbā ), originally referring to an outer garment, cloak or coat, [1] (#cite_note-1) is a long coat worn by Muslim men. During the Mahdist State (/wiki/Mahdist_State) in Sudan (/wiki/Sudan) at the end of the 19th century, it was the garment worn by the followers of the Mahdī (/wiki/Muhammad_Ahmad) ( Anṣār (/wiki/Ansar_(Sudan)) , 'helpers'). Muhammad Ahmad (/wiki/Muhammad_Ahmad) proclaimed himself al-Mahdī al-Muntaẓar (the Expected Rightly-guided One), successor of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (/wiki/Muhammad) , in 1881. He exhorted his followers to join a jihad (/wiki/Jihad) against Turco-Egyptian Sudan (/wiki/Turco-Egyptian_Sudan) . The Mahdī decreed that all his followers should wear the patched jibba , a version of the muraqqa’a worn by Sufi (/wiki/Sufism) mendicants (/wiki/Mendicant) , which symbolises the wearer's commitment to a religious way of life. [2] (#cite_note-2) The ascetic (/wiki/Asceticism) symbolism of the patched garment was appropriate to the Mahdist aim to restore strict Islamic (/wiki/Islam) standards to Sudan, which they felt had been corrupted by the appointment of European and American Christians into positions of power by the Ottoman-Egyptian government. [3] (#cite_note-3) Background [ edit ] Sufism [ edit ] The patched jibba worn by the Anṣār (/wiki/Ansar_(Sudan)) in battle was a version of the muraqqa’a (patchwork), a garment worn by Sufi mendicants. Despite its ragged appearance, donning such a garment was an honour earned only after a Sufi initiate completed three years of learning and discipline. [4] (#cite_note-4) They were often made and given to Sufi novices by their masters, once they were considered ready to accept a life of asceticism (/wiki/Asceticism) . [5] (#cite_note-auto1-5) As this garment tore and became worn, it would be mended with patches, rather than being replaced. Muhammad Ahmad (/wiki/Muhammad_Ahmad) was given a patched garment upon completion of his Sufi novitiate in 1868. [6] (#cite_note-auto-6) After he proclaimed himself the Mahdi in 1881, he decreed that all Anṣār should wear a similar garment. [7] (#cite_note-Interview-7) Adaptation [ edit ] The caretaker of the Khalifa's house (/wiki/Khalifa_House_Museum) in Omdurman (/wiki/Omdurman) , wearing a jibba of the type formerly worn by leaders of the Mahdist Army. 1936. The Mahdist creed had two main tenets: rejection of worldliness and dedication to the jihad (/wiki/Jihad) (holy war) declared by the Mahdī. [7] (#cite_note-Interview-7) These two values are reflected in the design of the jibba . The patches symbolised both a dedication to a religious way of life and, as the war progressed, came to denote the military rank and division of the wearer. The rule that all followers of the Mahdī should wear the jibba had the advantage of removing traditional visual markers which differentiated potentially fractious tribes (/wiki/Tribe) , thus enforcing unity and cohesion amongst his forces. [6] (#cite_note-auto-6) The design of the jibba became militarised in various ways. In comparison to the asymmetric and ragged muraqqa’a , the Mahdist jibba became increasingly stylised and symmetrical. [8] (#cite_note-8) Two types of jibba emerged: the jibba worn by the Mahdist rank and file were simple in design with patches usually limited to red and blue. [5] (#cite_note-auto1-5) The jibba worn by military leaders were generally more detailed, stylised and brightly coloured. These were often decorated with a scrolled patch/pocket on the chest and embroidery (/wiki/Embroidery) to accentuate the neckline of the garment. The bright colours and detailed design of these garments meant that they were more clearly visible during battle. [5] (#cite_note-auto1-5) After the fall of the Mahdiyya, jibba of the style worn by Mahdist leaders in battle were worn generally by Mahdists on formal occasions. The caretaker of the Khalifa's House Museum (/wiki/Khalifa_House_Museum) in Omdurman (/wiki/Omdurman) was photographed wearing one of these jibba in 1936. [9] (#cite_note-Shepherd-9) Production and different styles [ edit ] Rudolf Slatin (/wiki/Rudolf_Carl_von_Slatin) wearing a patched jibba . 1896. The muraqqa’a worn by Sufis were traditionally made out of wool, from which the Sufi derive their name, suf being the Arabic word for wool. [9] (#cite_note-Shepherd-9) However, the jibba worn by the Mahdi's followers were made of a rough cotton called dammur . [10] (#cite_note-10) The production of cotton was carried out almost exclusively by the women of the Mahdiyya. [11] (#cite_note-11) The women spun the thread and wove it into fabric on looms (/wiki/Loom) . Next, the fabric was cut and sewn to make the flared skirt and long sleeves of the jibba . Finally, patches were appliqué (/wiki/Appliqu%C3%A9) d onto the garment. The patches were also generally made out of cotton. However, after the Mahdist victory at the Siege of Khartoum (/wiki/Siege_of_Khartoum) , stocks of wool were taken from the city ruins and much of this fabric was used to make and repair patches. [12] (#cite_note-12) Scraps of enemy uniforms (/wiki/Uniform) salvaged from battlefields were also used to patch the garments. Although the women of the Mahdiyya carried out most of the production, European prisoners were occasionally involved in the making process. [6] (#cite_note-auto-6) In the collection of the Musée du quai Branly (/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Quai_Branly_%E2%80%93_Jacques_Chirac) in Paris, there is a jibba with red and black embroidered patches (/wiki/Embroidered_patch) and an inscription under the armpits saying "This tunic should be put on with pride and wisdom." [13] (#cite_note-13) Diplomacy [ edit ] As well as having military and religious significance, textiles played a diplomatic, albeit unsuccessful role in the conflicts during the Mahdist War. The Mahdi and the Governor-General of Sudan, Charles George Gordon (/wiki/General_Charles_George_Gordon) , sent presents of clothing to one another, hoping to encourage their opponent to stand down. Gordon sent a Turkish fez (/wiki/Fez_(hat)) and a red robe of honour to the Mahdi. [5] (#cite_note-auto1-5) However, rather than being appeased, the Mahdi considered the rich textiles to be an insult to his values of asceticism (/wiki/Asceticism) . In return, he sent a 'patch home spun tunic' to Gordon, which was 'the clothing we want for Ourself and Our Companions who desire the world to come'. [14] (#cite_note-14) He hoped that Gordon would don the jibba and convert to Islam. [5] (#cite_note-auto1-5) Plundered jibbas [ edit ] Further information: Mahdist war (/wiki/Mahdist_war) Director of Military Intelligence, Reginald Wingate (/wiki/Reginald_Wingate) , interrogating Sudanese prisoner Emir Mahmoud wearing a jibba in 1898, as pictured by war correspondent Francis Gregson (/wiki/Francis_Gregson) The Mahdist State was established in 1885 after the Siege of Khartoum. The Mahdī died shortly after this victory and was succeeded by the Khalifa Abdulahi (/wiki/Abdallahi_ibn_Muhammad) . The Mahdiyya state continued under his rule until 1898, when an Anglo-Egyptian force led by Lord Kitchener (/wiki/Herbert_Kitchener,_1st_Earl_Kitchener) had a decisive victory against the Mahdist forces at the Battle of Omdurman (/wiki/Battle_of_Omdurman) . [15] (#cite_note-Print-15) Many jibbas were collected from the battlefields of Anglo-Egyptian victories like Omdurman, 'Aṭbara (/wiki/Battle_of_Atbara) and Tūshka (/wiki/Battle_of_Toski) . They were taken to Britain as war trophies (/wiki/Trophy) , and many of these are now held in cultural institutions across the UK. [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) Rudolf Carl von Slatin (/wiki/Rudolf_Carl_von_Slatin) , a former prisoner of the Mahdist forces, was freed in 1895 and was subsequently photographed styled as an Anṣār soldier, wearing a patched jibba , which might have been plundered from a recent battlefield. [15] (#cite_note-Print-15) Reception [ edit ] In her illustrated book Regional Folk Costumes of the Sudan, Griselda El Tayib (/wiki/Griselda_El_Tayib) wrote about the different style of jibbas conserved in the Khalifa House Museum (/wiki/Khalifa_House_Museum) in Omdurman: "Also very elaborate and ornament (/wiki/Ornament_(art)) al are some of the padded jibbas worn under chainmail (/wiki/Chain_mail) by some Mahdi's emirs and their cavalry men. Two of these, displayed in the Khalifa's Museum, are in the patched Mahdist style. Two others, however, are in very elaborate striped silk (/wiki/Silk) – one of them was captured from Wad Al Nijumi, when he was killed on his attempted invasion of Egypt. It is in typical Egyptian blue and white striped silk, known as shahiya , the tea dress. This garment has a curious padded flap hanging down at the back of the neck, lined with dark blue." [18] (#cite_note-18) From May to August 2021, the Royal Engineers Museum (/wiki/Royal_Engineers_Museum) in the UK presented the exhibition Making African Connections: Sudan & the Mahdiyya. This exhibition explored the history of the Madhya period in Sudan by drawing on the museum’s unique collection of Sudanese artefacts, documents and photographs. In Britain, the siege of Khartoum and resulting death of General Charles Gordon of the Royal Engineers are the most famous episodes in this history. However, this exhibition sought to explore the Mahdiyya in a more rounded way: looking at the Ottoman-Egyptian colonisation of Sudan (/wiki/Turkish_Sudan) that it ended; at religious and social life under the Mahdiyya; and how it was ended by the British invasion of 1898. [19] (#cite_note-19) Etymology [ edit ] The Arabic word jubbā is said to be the origin of the Italian word giubba and the French jupe , both referring to a type of skirt. [20] (#cite_note-20) In modern English, jupes is a chiefly Scottish expression for a man's coat, jacket, or tunic. [21] (#cite_note-21) In the late 13th century, it referred to a man's loose jacket and had been introduced from Old French (/wiki/Old_French) jupe , which had meant a "tunic worn under the armor." [22] (#cite_note-22) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "جبة translation in English | Arabic-English dictionary | Reverso" (https://dictionary.reverso.net/arabic-english/%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%A9/forced) . dictionary.reverso.net . Retrieved 2022-08-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "tunic; jibba | British Museum" (https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/E_Af1909-0315-3) . The British Museum . Retrieved 2023-02-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Warburg, Gabriel (2003). Islam, Sectarianism and Politics in Sudan Since the Mahdiyya . Hurst & Company. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-85065-588-6 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Trimingham, J. Spencer (1998-07-16). The Sufi Orders in Islam . Oxford University Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-19-802823-9 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Vogelsang-Eastwood, Gillian (2016-04-07). Encyclopedia of Embroidery from the Arab World . Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 295–296. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-85785-397-4 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "The jibba: clothing for Sufi and soldier · The Making African Connections Digital Archive · Making African Connections" (https://makingafricanconnections.org/s/archive/item/1999) . makingafricanconnections.org . Retrieved 2022-08-12 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Interview with Imam Ahmad al-Mahdi, grandson of the Mahdi · The Making African Connections Digital Archive · Making African Connections" (https://makingafricanconnections.org/s/archive/item/2111) . makingafricanconnections.org . Retrieved 2023-02-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Spring, Christopher; Barley, Nigel; Hudson, Julie (2001). "The Sainsbury African Galleries at the British Museum". African Arts . 34 (3): 18–37, 93 [27–31]. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2307/3337876 (https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3337876) . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 3337876 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/3337876) . ^ Jump up to: a b "Early Sufism in Iran: Proto-Sufism in Khurasan" (https://www.independentphilosophy.net/Early_Sufism_in_Iran.html) . www.independentphilosophy.net . Retrieved 2023-02-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Ohrwalder, Joseph (1893). Ten Years' Captivity in the Mahdi's Camp, 1882-1892: From the Original Manuscripts of Father Joseph Ohrwalder ... Heinemann & Balestier. ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Arms and armour: Jibbah from Sudan, Africa" (http://web.prm.ox.ac.uk/weapons/index.php/tour-by-region/oceania/africa/arms-and-armour-africa-20/index.html) . web.prm.ox.ac.uk . Retrieved 2022-08-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Boddy, Janice (2018-06-05). Civilizing Women: British Crusades in Colonial Sudan . Princeton University Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-691-18651-1 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Musée du quai Branly. "Tunique de confrérie" (http://collections.quaibranly.fr/default.aspx) . collections.quaibranly.fr (in French) . Retrieved 2021-11-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Holt, Peter M. (1966). The Mahdist State in the Sudan 1881 - 1898: A Study of Its Origins, Development and Overthrow . Clarendon Press. ^ Jump up to: a b Eunique Smith, Crystal, (2017) "Ye Sons Of Mars": British Representations Of The Sudan Campaign In Print Culture, 1884–1899 (https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3015&context=theses) . p. 102. ^ (#cite_ref-16) Thomas, Elvira (2020), Sudanese Jibbah in UK Institutions , doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.5281/ZENODO.4047811 (https://doi.org/10.5281%2FZENODO.4047811) , retrieved 2023-02-24 ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Sudanese jibbah" (https://royalarmouries.org/stories/sudanese-jibbah/) . Royal Armouries . 2018-08-31 . Retrieved 2023-06-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) El Tayib, Griselda; El-Nager, Sara; Nagy, Enikö (2017). Regional folk costumes of the Sudan . p. 33. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-3-940190-96-3 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1056575561 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1056575561) . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Making African Connections: Sudan & the Mahdiyya" (https://makingafricanconnections.org/s/archive/item/3647) . makingafricanconnections.org . Retrieved 2022-08-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Jupe: Etymologie de jupe" (https://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/jupe) . www.cnrtl.fr . Retrieved 2022-08-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Definition of jupes" (https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/jupes) . www.merriam-webster.com . Retrieved 2022-08-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "jupe | Etymology, origin and meaning of jupe by etymonline" (https://www.etymonline.com/word/jupe) . www.etymonline.com . Retrieved 2022-08-11 . Further reading [ edit ] Spring, Christopher (1995). "Beyond the loom: non-woven designs and techniques". North African textiles . London: British Museum Press for the Trustees of the British Museum. pp. 99–105. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7141-2523-7 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 34544100 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/34544100) . External links [ edit ] Drawings of uniforms of the Mahdi Army on Blogspot (http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_59m9_BWZkTo/TOPLrwxac3I/AAAAAAAABc4/sg18vywVA2U/s1600/Ansar_Mahdi%2Bjibbahs%2B2.jpg) Jibbas in UK museum collections (https://makingafricanconnections.org/s/archive/item/2089) Jibba in the collection of the Nationaal Museum van Wereldculturen (https://www.europeana.eu/en/item/2048221/europeana_fashion_701185) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7999cd8dc7‐2j6bq Cached time: 20240710234313 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.388 seconds Real time usage: 0.512 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1226/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 35303/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 492/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 80978/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.268/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 13308405/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 459.764 1 -total 42.93% 197.361 1 Template:Reflist 26.75% 123.005 12 Template:Cite_web 20.75% 95.378 1 Template:Lang-ar 15.27% 70.189 1 Template:Short_description 9.83% 45.179 1 Template:Authority_control 8.75% 40.235 2 Template:Pagetype 8.59% 39.508 8 Template:Cite_book 4.95% 22.754 1 Template:Redirect 4.21% 19.354 3 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:66312844-0!canonical and timestamp 20240710234313 and revision id 1213245298. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jibba&oldid=1213245298 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jibba&oldid=1213245298) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Coats (clothing) (/wiki/Category:Coats_(clothing)) Islamic male clothing (/wiki/Category:Islamic_male_clothing) Mahdist War (/wiki/Category:Mahdist_War) Culture of Sudan (/wiki/Category:Culture_of_Sudan) Sudanese clothing (/wiki/Category:Sudanese_clothing) Hidden categories: CS1 French-language sources (fr) (/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles containing Arabic-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Arabic-language_text) |
Online marketplace and reseller, primarily of clothing and sneakers StockX Company type Private (/wiki/Private_company) Industry E-commerce (/wiki/E-commerce) Predecessor Campless Founded March 2015 ; 9 years ago ( 2015-03 ) Founders Dan Gilbert (/wiki/Dan_Gilbert) Josh Luber (/wiki/Josh_Luber) Greg Schwartz Chris Kaufman Headquarters Detroit (/wiki/Detroit) , Michigan (/wiki/Michigan) , U.S. Key people Scott Cutler (/wiki/Scott_Cutler_(business_executive)) ( CEO (/wiki/Chief_Executive_Officer) ) Greg Schwartz ( COO (/wiki/President_(corporate_title)) ) Stephen Winn ( Chief Product Officer (/wiki/Chief_Product_Officer) ) Damien Hooper-Campbell ( Chief Impact Officer (/w/index.php?title=Chief_Impact_Officer&action=edit&redlink=1) ) Sean McCartney ( Chief Supply Chain Officer (/w/index.php?title=Chief_Supply_Chain_Officer&action=edit&redlink=1) ) Adam Wandy ( Chief Financial Officer (/wiki/Chief_Financial_Officer) ) Laura Lewis ( Chief Administrative Officer and General Counsel (/w/index.php?title=Chief_Administrative_Officer_and_General_Counsel&action=edit&redlink=1) ) Number of employees 1,200 (2021) Website stockx (https://stockx.com/) .com (https://stockx.com/) StockX is an online marketplace and clothing reseller, primarily of sneakers. Since November 2020, it has also opened up to electronic products [1] (#cite_note-1) such as game consoles, smartphones and computer hardware. The Detroit-based company was founded by Dan Gilbert (/wiki/Dan_Gilbert) , Josh Luber (/wiki/Josh_Luber) , Greg Schwartz, and Chris Kaufman in 2015–2016. StockX has more than 800 employees [2] (#cite_note-2) in Downtown Detroit. StockX currently has international offices in London, UK, in Eindhoven, the Netherlands, and has authentication facilities in Detroit's Corktown neighborhood, Moonachie, NJ (/wiki/Moonachie,_NJ) , and Tempe, AZ (/wiki/Tempe,_AZ) . Scott Cutler (/wiki/Scott_Cutler_(business_executive)) and Schwartz serve as chief executive officer and chief operating officer, respectively, and Deena Bahri became the company's first chief marketing officer in 2019. [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) History and operations [ edit ] The startup company (/wiki/Startup_company) was founded by Dan Gilbert (/wiki/Dan_Gilbert) , Josh Luber, [7] (#cite_note-Gallagher2-7) Greg Schwartz, and Chris Kaufman in 2015, [8] (#cite_note-Seppala2-8) and launched in February 2016. [9] (#cite_note-Online2-9) [10] (#cite_note-Livengood2-10) Luber had previously founded StockX's predecessor website about rare sneakers (/wiki/Sneakers) called Campless (established during 2012–2013), [11] (#cite_note-White2-11) [12] (#cite_note-Fast2-12) a site which was featured in Josh Luber's TED Talk on the sneaker market. [13] (#cite_note-13) After Gilbert acquired Campless from Luber, Luber relocated from Philadelphia to work from Gilbert's One Campus Martius (/wiki/One_Campus_Martius) building in Downtown Detroit (/wiki/Downtown_Detroit) as chief executive officer. [8] (#cite_note-Seppala2-8) StockX opened its first international headquarters in London in October 2018. [14] (#cite_note-Bloomberg2-14) Scott Cutler (/wiki/Scott_Cutler_(business_executive)) was appointed chief executive officer (/wiki/Chief_executive_officer) in June 2019. [15] (#cite_note-Griffith2-15) The company has more than 800 employees, as of August 2019. [15] (#cite_note-Griffith2-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) StockX is among the fastest-growing startups in Detroit and Michigan, as of late 2018. [17] (#cite_note-TC2-17) [18] (#cite_note-Gebel2-18) In addition to the One Campus Martius office, StockX has an authentication facility in Detroit's Corktown (/wiki/Corktown,_Detroit) neighborhood. [17] (#cite_note-TC2-17) [18] (#cite_note-Gebel2-18) Prior to the authentication center's relocation in June 2018, the company had a team of 15 employees authenticating thousands of pairs of shoes daily. [8] (#cite_note-Seppala2-8) The larger Corktown facility increased the number of authentications. [10] (#cite_note-Livengood2-10) StockX opened a second authentication center in Tempe, Arizona (/wiki/Tempe,_Arizona) , in late 2018, [8] (#cite_note-Seppala2-8) followed by two more in Moonachie, New Jersey (/wiki/Moonachie,_New_Jersey) , and West London. [19] (#cite_note-Poised2-19) [20] (#cite_note-Finkel2-20) In 2019, the company opened a fifth authentication center in Eindhoven (/wiki/Eindhoven) , Netherlands. [21] (#cite_note-21) [22] (#cite_note-22) StockX maintains a catalog of all fake items received. [23] (#cite_note-Stein2-23) Annual sales on StockX platform in the United States, including shoe models belonging to two different brands ( YEEZY (/wiki/Adidas_Yeezy) and NIKE x Off-White) The company's first "StockX Day" event in Detroit, which invited resellers, platform users, and industry influencers to meet employees and see operations, was held in October 2017 and attended by approximately 200 people. [8] (#cite_note-Seppala2-8) 150 buyers and sellers were selected from 3,000–5,000 applicants to attend the second "StockX Day" in April 2018. [9] (#cite_note-Online2-9) [24] (#cite_note-Hyman2-24) In May 2019, the company held a third "StockX Day" event for an audience of 300 and announced the opening of its first permanent location in New York City along with several major product updates. [25] (#cite_note-25) StockX has collaborated with numerous celebrities and companies on charitable initiatives. In 2017, Eminem (/wiki/Eminem) collaborated with the company to raffle off his Air Jordan (/wiki/Air_Jordan) sneakers designed in collaboration with Carhartt (/wiki/Carhartt) to raise funds for the Greater Houston Community Foundation Hurricane Harvey Relief Fund and Team Rubicon (/wiki/Team_Rubicon) to support relief efforts in Texas and Florida following Hurricane Harvey (/wiki/Hurricane_Harvey) . [9] (#cite_note-Online2-9) [26] (#cite_note-Clifford2-26) Nike Inc. (/wiki/Nike_Inc.) 's debut of LeBron James (/wiki/LeBron_James) ' first retro sneaker via StockX marked the first time the brand bypassed retail (/wiki/Retail) and went directly to the secondary market (/wiki/Secondary_market) . [9] (#cite_note-Online2-9) In 2018, StockX and Wu-Tang Clan (/wiki/Wu-Tang_Clan) collaborated on the Charity Rules Everyone Around Me (C.R.E.A.M.) campaign; proceeds from nine exclusive products benefitted the Wu-Tang Foundation to support children in underserved communities. [27] (#cite_note-Complex2-27) [28] (#cite_note-Krastz2-28) StockX suffered a data breach (/wiki/Data_breach) in mid-2019. [29] (#cite_note-29) In September, the company and Bleacher Report (/wiki/Bleacher_Report) reached a multiyear advertising agreement, [30] (#cite_note-30) and Deena Bahri became StockX's first chief marketing officer (/wiki/Chief_marketing_officer) . [31] (#cite_note-31) In September 2020, StockX co-founder Josh Luber left the company. [32] (#cite_note-32) In November 2021, StockX announced that it had signed UConn (/wiki/UConn_Huskies_women%27s_basketball) basketball superstar Paige Bueckers (/wiki/Paige_Bueckers) as its primary spokesperson for its basketball and women's sports lines. [33] (#cite_note-33) In January 2022, StockX announced the ability to buy and sell NFTs (/wiki/Non-fungible_token) on its marketplace. [34] (#cite_note-34) Business model [ edit ] StockX serves as an online marketplace (/wiki/Online_marketplace) , facilitating auctions (/wiki/Online_auction) between sellers and buyers, [14] (#cite_note-Bloomberg2-14) then collecting transaction and payment fees. Sellers send purchased items to StockX facilities for inspection and verification, then authenticated products are shipped to buyers. [15] (#cite_note-Griffith2-15) StockX features a " stock market (/wiki/Stock_market) -like" variable pricing (/wiki/Variable_pricing) framework and discloses price histories for specific items. StockX is most known for sneakers (/wiki/Sneakers) and streetwear but also carries other clothing and accessories such as handbags and watches. [7] (#cite_note-Gallagher2-7) [15] (#cite_note-Griffith2-15) StockX surpassed eBay (/wiki/EBay) in total sneaker transactions in 2017. [18] (#cite_note-Gebel2-18) Counterfeit items are returned to sellers, and buyers are refunded. [35] (#cite_note-35) StockX charges a 3 percent processing fee for all resellers, and a 9.5 percent transaction fee for new users, which decreases with experience. [8] (#cite_note-Seppala2-8) Prior to the company's expansion into Europe, StockX only advertised in the United States and accepted U.S dollars (/wiki/United_States_dollar) . [17] (#cite_note-TC2-17) Fifteen percent of the company's buyers were international, as of September 2018. [17] (#cite_note-TC2-17) In January 2019, StockX partnered with celebrity jeweler and influencer Ben Baller to sell 800 pairs of black and red slides (/wiki/Slide_(footwear)) directly to the public, marking the company's first "initial product offering" ("I.P.O."). [15] (#cite_note-Griffith2-15) [36] (#cite_note-Evans2-36) The shoes were printed with the phrase "Ben Baller did the chain", a lyric from ASAP Ferg (/wiki/ASAP_Ferg) 's song " Plain Jane (/wiki/Plain_Jane_(song)) " (2017). [11] (#cite_note-White2-11) Funding [ edit ] StockX has received financial backing from Gilbert, investment companies Battery Ventures (/wiki/Battery_Ventures) and GV (/wiki/GV_(company)) , [17] (#cite_note-TC2-17) as well as Scooter Braun (/wiki/Scooter_Braun) , Jon Buscemi (/wiki/Jon_Buscemi) , Eminem (/wiki/Eminem) , Joe Haden (/wiki/Joe_Haden) , [12] (#cite_note-Fast2-12) Ted Leonsis (/wiki/Ted_Leonsis) , [19] (#cite_note-Poised2-19) and Mark Wahlberg (/wiki/Mark_Wahlberg) . [37] (#cite_note-GQ2-37) [38] (#cite_note-Sims2-38) The company raised $6 million in February 2017. [10] (#cite_note-Livengood2-10) StockX received $44 million in a second venture round (/wiki/Venture_round) in September 2018. [17] (#cite_note-TC2-17) [39] (#cite_note-Bobila2-39) In addition to Battery and GV, investors included Steve Aoki (/wiki/Steve_Aoki) , Marc Benioff (/wiki/Marc_Benioff) , Don C (/wiki/Don_C) , and Karlie Kloss (/wiki/Karlie_Kloss) . [17] (#cite_note-TC2-17) [37] (#cite_note-GQ2-37) The investment helped fund StockX's international expansion. [19] (#cite_note-Poised2-19) In June 2019, StockX raised $110 million and was valued at $1 billion in another venture round. Investors included General Atlantic (/wiki/General_Atlantic) , GGV Capital (/wiki/GGV_Capital) , and Yuri Milner (/wiki/Yuri_Milner) 's firm DST Global (/wiki/DST_Global) , in addition to Battery Ventures and GV. [15] (#cite_note-Griffith2-15) [40] (#cite_note-40) As of April 8,2021 an article by Reuters(Reuters.com) [41] (#cite_note-41) states "Sneaker marketplace StockX said on Thursday it had raised $255 million in a late-stage financing round, valuing the company at more than $3.8 billion." References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "StockX : le marché boursier de la sneaker s'ouvre à l'électronique" (https://www.begeek.fr/?p=354647) . Begeek.fr (in French). 2021-03-31 . Retrieved 2021-04-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Clifford, Tyler (2019-10-21). "StockX's new CEO tells Jim Cramer going public is 'certainly our objective as a company' (https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/21/new-stockx-ceo-going-public-is-certainly-our-objective-as-a-company.html) " (https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/21/new-stockx-ceo-going-public-is-certainly-our-objective-as-a-company.html) . CNBC . Retrieved 2020-08-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Hyman, Dan. "A Nasdaq for Sneakerheads" (https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/06/business/smallbusiness/stockx-sneakerheads-luxury-goods.html?smid=nytcore-ios-share&module=inline) . The New York Times . Retrieved 28 June 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Griffith, Erin. "Buy Low-Tops, Sell High-Tops: StockX Sneaker Exchange Is Worth $1.8 Billion" (https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/26/technology/trading-sneakers-stockx.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved 28 June 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Wade, Reggie. "StockX is now valued at over $1 billion" (https://finance.yahoo.com/news/stock-x-is-now-valued-at-over-1-billion-193610129.html) . Yahoo Finance . Retrieved 28 June 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Reindi, JC. "Detroit startup StockX now worth $1B: How it got rare status" (https://www.freep.com/story/money/business/2019/06/26/stockx-valuation-ceo-scott-cutler/1569408001/) . Detroit Free Press . Retrieved 28 June 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b Gallagher, Jacob (November 26, 2018). "This Website Is the Stock Market for Nikes and Rolexes" (https://www.wsj.com/articles/this-website-is-the-stock-market-for-nikes-and-rolexes-1543251772) . The Wall Street Journal (/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal) . Retrieved April 23, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Seppala, Timothy J. (February 16, 2018). "Why sneakerheads are leaving eBay for Detroit startup StockX" (https://www.engadget.com/2018/02/16/stockx-day-detroit-sneaker-reselling-josh-luber/) . Engadget (/wiki/Engadget) . Retrieved April 23, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Graham, Adam (May 24, 2018). "Detroit-based online sneaker market's stock soaring" (https://www.detroitnews.com/story/news/local/detroit-city/2018/05/24/detroit-news-stock-day-detroit-josh-luber-dan-gilbert-sneakerheads/35333399/) . The Detroit News (/wiki/The_Detroit_News) . Retrieved April 24, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Livengood, Chad (September 13, 2018). "Detroit's StockX, a company co-founded by Dan Gilbert, raises $44 million from new investors with boost from Silicon Valley" (https://www.crainscleveland.com/technology/detroits-stockx-company-co-founded-dan-gilbert-raises-44-million-new-investors-boost) . Crain's Detroit Business . Crain Communications (/wiki/Crain_Communications) . Retrieved April 24, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b White, Ronald D. (April 19, 2019). "Those Nikes — buy, sell or hold? Sneakers are now assets trading like stocks" (https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-sneakers-wall-street-stockx-reseller-20190419-story.html) . Los Angeles Times (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times) . Retrieved April 24, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b Reindl, JC (July 9, 2018). "Fast-growing Detroit startup StockX sniffs out fake sneakers" (https://www.freep.com/story/money/business/2018/07/09/detroit-stockx-sniffs-out-fake-sneakers/731070002/) . Detroit Free Press (/wiki/Detroit_Free_Press) . Retrieved April 24, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) The secret sneaker market — and why it matters | Josh Luber , retrieved 2022-11-22 ^ Jump up to: a b Milligan, Ellen (January 28, 2019). "Sneakers Auction Company Opens in London and Plans a Store" (https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-01-29/stock-market-for-sneakers-builds-european-foothold-in-london) . Bloomberg.com . Bloomberg L.P. (/wiki/Bloomberg_L.P.) Retrieved April 23, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Griffith, Erin (June 26, 2019). "Buy Low-Tops, Sell High-Tops: StockX Sneaker Exchange Is Worth $1 Billion" (https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/26/technology/trading-sneakers-stockx.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . Retrieved August 12, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Brody, Liz (August 21, 2019). "How These Fans Made Millions of Dollars, Starting With Some Collectible Sneakers" (https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/337628) . Entrepreneur (/wiki/Entrepreneur_(magazine)) . Retrieved August 27, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Burns, Matt (September 12, 2018). "Detroit's StockX raises $44M from GV and Battery to expand marketplace internationally" (https://techcrunch.com/2018/09/12/detroits-stockx-raises-44m-from-gv-and-battery-to-expand-marketplace-internationally/) . TechCrunch (/wiki/TechCrunch) . Retrieved April 23, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Gebel, Meira (September 13, 2018). "Detroit-based StockX to hire 1,000 with $44M investment" (https://www.freep.com/story/money/business/2018/09/13/stockx-detroit-jobs/1287927002/) . Detroit Free Press . Retrieved April 24, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Walsh, Dustin (April 19, 2019). "StockX poised to take billion-dollar leap" (https://www.crainsdetroit.com/entrepreneurship/stockx-poised-take-billion-dollar-leap) . Crain's Detroit Business . Retrieved April 24, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-Finkel2_20-0) Finkel, Adam (September 20, 2018). "StockX Laces Up" (https://thejewishnews.com/2018/09/20/stockx-laces-up-detroit-sneakers/) . The Detroit Jewish News (/wiki/The_Detroit_Jewish_News) . Retrieved April 24, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Frank, Annalise (May 17, 2019). "Detroit-based StockX takes online exchange streetside in New York" (https://www.crainsdetroit.com/retail/detroit-based-stockx-takes-online-exchange-streetside-new-york) . Crain's Detroit Business . Retrieved August 12, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Wood, Zoe (June 8, 2019). "Sole traders: why there's a whiff of money in old trainers" (https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/jun/08/sole-traders-stockx-why-theres-a-whiff-of-money-in-old-trainers) . The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) . Retrieved August 12, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-Stein2_23-0) Stein, Joshua David (September 18, 2018). "When a New Jordan is Released, This Sneaker Authenticator Is Hard at Work for Weeks" (https://www.townandcountrymag.com/style/fashion-trends/a23086000/fake-sneaker-scams-authentication/) . Town & Country (/wiki/Town_%26_Country_(magazine)) . Retrieved April 24, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-Hyman2_24-0) Hyman, Dan (July 6, 2018). "A Nasdaq for Sneakerheads? E-Commerce Site Aims to Tame 'Chaos' of Luxury Market" (https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/06/business/smallbusiness/stockx-sneakerheads-luxury-goods.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved April 24, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Kaley, Roshitsh (May 23, 2019). "StockX Opens First Location in NYC, Announces Collectibles Vertical" (https://wwd.com/business-news/retail/stockx-first-location-nyc-collectibles-vertical-1203135324/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved August 12, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-Clifford2_26-0) Clifford, Tyler (September 19, 2017). "Eminem, StockX team up on hurricane relief fundraiser" (https://www.crainsdetroit.com/article/20170919/news/639601/eminem-stockx-team-up-on-hurricane-relief-fundraiser) . Crain's Detroit Business . Retrieved April 24, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-Complex2_27-0) Orosz, Nora-Grayce (March 13, 2018). "Grab Exclusive Items From Wu-Tang Clan and StockX's Charity IPO" (https://www.complex.com/music/2018/03/grab-exclusive-items-from-wu-tang-clan-and-stockx-charity-ipo) . Complex (/wiki/Complex_(magazine)) . Retrieved April 24, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-Krastz2_28-0) Krastz, Roger (March 13, 2018). "Wu-Tang Clan and StockX Launch C.R.E.A.M. Charity Campaign" (https://www.xxlmag.com/lifestyle/2018/03/wu-tang-clan-and-stockx-launch-c-r-e-a-m-charity-campaign/) . XXL (/wiki/XXL_(magazine)) . Retrieved April 24, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) Deng, Victor (August 8, 2019). "StockX Offering Free Fraud and Identify Theft Protection After Hack" (https://www.complex.com/sneakers/2019/08/stockx-reportedly-hacked-over-6-million-users) . Complex (/wiki/Complex_(magazine)) . Retrieved August 12, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) Patel, Sahil (September 11, 2019). "Sneaker Marketplace StockX Seeks New Customers With Bleacher Report Deal" (https://www.wsj.com/articles/sneaker-marketplace-stockx-seeks-new-customers-with-bleacher-report-deal-11568216633) . The Wall Street Journal . Retrieved September 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) Anyanwu, Obi (September 11, 2019). "StockX Names Deena Bahri First Chief Marketing Officer" (https://wwd.com/business-news/markets/stockx-deena-bahri-chief-marketing-officer-1203277427/) . Women's Wear Daily . Retrieved September 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) "StockX Co-Founder Josh Luber Is Leaving the Company" (https://sports.yahoo.com/stockx-co-founder-josh-luber-193320333.html) . sports.yahoo.com . Retrieved 2020-09-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) DePaula, Nick (November 10, 2021). "UConn's Paige Bueckers has name, image, likeness deal" (https://www.espn.com/womens-college-basketball/story/_/id/32598842/uconn-paige-bueckers-name-image-likeness-deal) . ESPN.com . Retrieved November 11, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) Gorsler, Fabian (January 19, 2022). "IT WAS ONLY A MATTER OF TIME BEFORE STOCKX WADED INTO NFTS" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/stockx-nft-sales/) . ^ (#cite_ref-35) Alvarez, Edgar (April 10, 2019). "The best apps for buying sneakers" (https://www.engadget.com/2019/04/10/best-apps-buying-sneakers-shoes-stockx-goat-sneakercon-ebay/) . Engadget . Retrieved April 24, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-Evans2_36-0) Evans, Jonathan (January 22, 2019). "Resale Juggernaut StockX Is Launching Its Own Slides Today" (https://www.esquire.com/style/mens-fashion/a25990405/stockx-ben-baller-straye-sandals-slides/) . Esquire (/wiki/Esquire_(magazine)) . Retrieved April 24, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b Wolf, Cam (September 13, 2018). "The Race to Be the Biggest Resale Site in the World Is Heating Up" (https://www.gq.com/story/stockx-44-million-investment) . GQ (/wiki/GQ) . Retrieved April 23, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-Sims2_38-0) Sims, Josh (April 17, 2019). "How StockX is putting the ticks on sneakers – with Mark Wahlberg and Eminem's help" (https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/news-trends/article/3006345/how-stockx-putting-ticks-sneakers-mark-wahlberg-and) . South China Morning Post (/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post) . Retrieved April 23, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-Bobila2_39-0) Bobila, Maria (September 12, 2018). "StockX Raises $44 Million in Series B Funding" (https://fashionista.com/2018/09/stockx-series-b-funding) . Fashionista (/wiki/Fashionista_(website)) . Retrieved April 24, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-40) "Sneaker site StockX raises funds, hires eBay executive" (https://www.reuters.com/article/us-stockx-fundraising/sneaker-site-stockx-raises-funds-hires-ebay-executive-idUSKCN1TR1GE) . Reuters . June 26, 2019 . Retrieved August 12, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-41) "Sneaker marketplace StockX valued at $3.8 bln after latest funding round" (https://www.reuters.com/technology/e-commerce-firm-stockx-valued-38-bln-after-new-funding-round-2021-04-08/) . Reuters . 2021-04-08 . Retrieved 2023-10-04 . 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1786 Louisiana law that required black women to wear a tignon headscarf The tignon law (also known as the chignon law [1] (#cite_note-1) ) was a 1786 law enacted by the Spanish Governor of Louisiana (/wiki/Spanish_Governor_of_Louisiana) Esteban Rodríguez Miró (/wiki/Esteban_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Mir%C3%B3) that forced black women to wear a tignon (/wiki/Tignon) headscarf. The law was intended to halt plaçage (/wiki/Pla%C3%A7age) unions and tie freed black women to those who were enslaved, but the women who followed the law have been described as turning the headdress into a "mark of distinction". [2] (#cite_note-:4-2) A young Creole woman in a tignon of her own creation. Note that the rosette in the tignon is repeated as either a brooch or in the linen at her neck. Painting from the Historic New Orleans Collection. Background [ edit ] The Code Noir (/wiki/Code_Noir) , or black code, was a French law that restricted the lives of people of color living in French colonies. It had first been created to apply in the Caribbean (/wiki/Caribbean) colonies in 1685, but was extended to Louisiana in 1724. Spanish authorities instituted a similar law, first in 1769 and again in 1778. [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) By 1786, Esteban Rodríguez Miró (/wiki/Esteban_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Mir%C3%B3) was the Spanish governor of Louisiana (/wiki/Spanish_Governor_of_Louisiana) . He disliked actions some black women had taken, considering them to show "too much luxury in their bearing." [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) White women began to urge Miró to act to restrict the fashion of non-whites. [5] (#cite_note-:2-5) Law [ edit ] Miró added an item to a decree that he was already going to issue. [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) The June 2, 1786, [5] (#cite_note-:2-5) decree, formally titled the bando de buen gobierno or "proclamation of good government", [6] (#cite_note-:3-6) stated that women of color had to wear a scarf or handkerchief over their hair as a visible sign of belonging to the slave class, whether they were enslaved or not; [7] (#cite_note-7) specifying that "the Negras Mulatas, y quarteronas can no longer have feathers nor jewelry in their hair. [... instead, they] must wear [their hair] plain ( Ilanos) or wear panuelos , if they are of higher status, as they have been accustomed to." [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) Effect [ edit ] During the 18th century, laws restricting what black people could wear were not uncommon. [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) [6] (#cite_note-:3-6) Miró hoped that the law would halt plaçage (/wiki/Pla%C3%A7age) unions [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) and tie freed black women to those who were enslaved (/wiki/Slavery_in_the_United_States) . While white women in New Orleans (/wiki/New_Orleans) initially stopped wearing their hair in the style, Empress Joséphine (/wiki/Empress_Jos%C3%A9phine) of France eventually adopted the headpiece, and it became considered haute couture (/wiki/Haute_couture) in the early 19th century before decreasing in popularity in the 1830s. [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) Virginia Gould writes that the true purpose of the law was to control women "who had become too light skinned or who dressed too elegantly, or who, in reality competed too freely with white women for status and thus threatened the social order." [5] (#cite_note-:2-5) She also notes that there is no evidence it was ever enforced and the women who followed the law turned the headdress into a "mark of distinction". [2] (#cite_note-:4-2) In popular culture [ edit ] Publications such as Essence and Vice have discussed the law and its effects. [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) See also [ edit ] Sumptuary law (/wiki/Sumptuary_law) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Dillman, Caroline M. (2013-10-28). Southern Women . Routledge. p. 53. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-136-55696-8 . ^ Jump up to: a b Clinton, Catherine; Gillespie, Michele (1997-06-26). The Devil's Lane: Sex and Race in the Early South . Oxford University Press. p. 238. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-19-802721-8 . ^ Jump up to: a b Cabildo, Friends of the; Toledano, Roulhac; Christovich, Mary Louise; Swanson, Betsy (2008-03-13). New Orleans Architecture: Faubourg Tremé and the Bayou Road . Pelican Publishing. p. 97. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-56554-831-2 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Johnson, Jessica Marie (2020). Wicked Flesh: Black Women, Intimacy, and Freedom in the Atlantic World . University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 198. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-8122-5238-5 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Kein, Sybil, ed. (2000). Creole : the history and legacy of Louisiana's free people of color . Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press. p. 62. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-8071-4205-9 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 703156104 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/703156104) . ^ Jump up to: a b Winters, Lisa Ze (15 January 2016). The mulatta concubine : terror, intimacy, freedom, and desire in the Black transatlantic . University of Georgia Press. p. 77. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-8203-4897-1 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 937451149 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/937451149) . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "NPS Ethnography: African American Heritage & Ethnography" (https://www.nps.gov/ethnography/aah/aaheritage/frenchama.htm) . www.nps.gov . Retrieved 2021-02-06 . This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain (/wiki/Public_domain) . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Stewart, Whitney Nell (2018-06-23). "Fashioning Frenchness: Gens de Couleur Libres and the Cultural Struggle for Power in Antebellum New Orleans" (https://muse.jhu.edu/article/697894) . Journal of Social History . 51 (3): 526–556. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1527-1897 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1527-1897) . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Bird, Stephanie Rose (2009). Light, bright, and damned near white : biracial and triracial culture in America . Praeger. p. 69. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-275-98954-5 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "The Tignon Laws Set The Precedent For The Appropriation and Misconception Around Black Hair" (https://www.essence.com/hair/tignon-laws-cultural-appropriation-black-natural-hair/) . Essence . Retrieved 2021-02-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Nasheed, Jameelah. "When Black Women Were Required By Law to Cover Their Hair" (https://www.vice.com/en/article/j5abvx/black-womens-hair-illegal-tignon-laws-new-orleans-louisiana) . Vice . Retrieved 2021-02-06 . 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Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) 2000s portal (/wiki/Portal:2000s) This category is for fashion (/wiki/Fashion) in the year 2001 (/wiki/2001) . 1963 1964 1965 (/wiki/Category:1965_in_fashion) 1973 (/wiki/Category:1973_in_fashion) 2000 (/wiki/Category:2000_in_fashion) 2001 2002 (/wiki/Category:2002_in_fashion) 2003 (/wiki/Category:2003_in_fashion) 2004 (/wiki/Category:2004_in_fashion) 2005 (/wiki/Category:2005_in_fashion) 2006 (/wiki/Category:2006_in_fashion) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.canary‐6f58fbfddc‐78998 Cached time: 20240718100832 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.265 seconds Real time usage: 0.393 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 163/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 5066/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 109/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 100/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 4114/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.200/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1555949/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 371.659 1 Template:YYYY_in_fashion_category_header 100.00% 371.659 1 -total 72.64% 269.960 1 Template:Category_series_navigation 20.63% 76.658 1 Template:Portal 5.02% 18.652 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 4.07% 15.117 1 Template:FindYDCportal 3.26% 12.103 1 Template:Category_other 2.58% 9.587 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 2.15% 7.992 6 Template:Title_year 0.66% 2.464 1 Template:DECADE Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:39096670-0!canonical and timestamp 20240718100832 and revision id 949562890. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "2001 in fashion" The following 5 pages are in this category, out of 5 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . 0–9 2001 in red carpet fashion (/wiki/2001_in_red_carpet_fashion) B Black and white Valentino dress of Julia Roberts (/wiki/Black_and_white_Valentino_dress_of_Julia_Roberts) P Perfume (2001 film) (/wiki/Perfume_(2001_film)) S Swan dress (/wiki/Swan_dress) V Victoria's Secret Fashion Show 2001 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2001) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2001_in_fashion&oldid=949562890 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2001_in_fashion&oldid=949562890) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 2001 (/wiki/Category:2001) 2000s fashion (/wiki/Category:2000s_fashion) Fashion by year (/wiki/Category:Fashion_by_year) Hidden categories: Category series navigation using skip-gaps parameter (/wiki/Category:Category_series_navigation_using_skip-gaps_parameter) Automatic category TOC generates no TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_no_TOC) |
American fashion designer Charles Kleibacker Born Charles John Kleibacker ( 1921-11-20 ) November 20, 1921 Cullman, Alabama (/wiki/Cullman,_Alabama) , United States (/wiki/United_States) Died January 3, 2010 (2010-01-03) (aged 88) Columbus, Ohio (/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio) , United States (/wiki/United_States) Occupation Fashion designer Charles John Kleibacker (November 20, 1921 – January 3, 2010) was an American fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_design) who earned the nickname "Master of the Bias (/wiki/Bias_(textile)) " for the complex designs of his gowns for women, carefully cut from fabric at a diagonal to the weave. [1] (#cite_note-NYTObit-1) Life [ edit ] Kleibacker was born in Cullman, Alabama (/wiki/Cullman,_Alabama) on November 20, 1921. His family were the proprietors of a department store in the municipality. He attended the University of Notre Dame (/wiki/University_of_Notre_Dame) , where he majored in journalism, and worked for a time as a reporter for a newspaper in Alabama. He attended New York University (/wiki/New_York_University) for his graduate studies. [1] (#cite_note-NYTObit-1) While working at a clothing store in San Francisco (/wiki/San_Francisco) , Kleibacker met singer Hildegarde (/wiki/Hildegarde) and her manager Anna Sosenko (/wiki/Anna_Sosenko) at the hotel in which he was staying. He was hired as her driver, primarily because he owned a station wagon large enough to transport the singer's sizable entourage. On tour in Europe, Kleibacker met numerous fashion designers and came to the conclusion that he had an interest in the field while in the offices of Christian Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior) . He submitted a series of his early designs while in Paris in 1954, and earned a post as an assistant at Lanvin (/wiki/Lanvin_(clothing)) . Back in New York City in 1957, Kleibacker worked for Nettie Rosenstein (/wiki/Nettie_Rosenstein) . [1] (#cite_note-NYTObit-1) He started his own collection in 1959 in a brownstone on the Upper West Side (/wiki/Upper_West_Side) of Manhattan (/wiki/Manhattan) and by the mid-1960s was designing clothing for some of the city's most exclusive clothiers, including Henri Bendel (/wiki/Henri_Bendel) , Bergdorf Goodman (/wiki/Bergdorf_Goodman) and Bonwit Teller (/wiki/Bonwit_Teller) . [2] (#cite_note-NYT1965-2) Hildegarde was one of his few private customers, as well as such notables as Diahann Carroll (/wiki/Diahann_Carroll) , Alicia Markova (/wiki/Alicia_Markova) and Pat Nixon (/wiki/Pat_Nixon) . [1] (#cite_note-NYTObit-1) He would design clothing in silk and wool crepe, preferring the bias cut as it allowed for designs that appeared to "be cut, not stamped out". [2] (#cite_note-NYT1965-2) Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) editor Diana Vreeland (/wiki/Diana_Vreeland) was an early supporter. [1] (#cite_note-NYTObit-1) He joined the faculty of Ohio State University (/wiki/Ohio_State_University) as Designer-in-Residence with the Historic Costume and Textiles Collection at the College of Human Ecology, where his work was part of a 2005 exhibit titled "Sculpture and Drapery: The Art of Fashion". [3] (#cite_note-3) Kleibacker died at age 88 on January 3, 2010, in Columbus, Ohio (/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio) due to pneumonia (/wiki/Pneumonia) . At the time of his death, Kleibacker was an adjunct curator of design at the Columbus Museum of Art (/wiki/Columbus_Museum_of_Art) , where he had organized several exhibitions on fashion design. [1] (#cite_note-NYTObit-1) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Wilson, Eric. "Charles Kleibacker, Fashion Designer, Dies at 88" (https://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/08/fashion/08kleibacker.html) , The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) , January 7, 2010. Accessed January 8, 2010. ^ Jump up to: a b Morris, Bernardine. "A Designer Seeking Room at the Top" (https://www.nytimes.com/1965/08/13/archives/a-designer-seeking-room-at-the-top.html) , The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) , August 13, 1965. Accessed January 8, 2010. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Exhibitions - Sculpture and Drapery: The Art of Fashion (http://costume.osu.edu/exhibitions/sculpture/) , Ohio State University (/wiki/Ohio_State_University) . Accessed January 9, 2009. 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Swimmers depicted in the satirical magazine Le Suprême Bon Ton . From around 1810 to 1815. The history of swimwear traces the changes in the styles of men's and women's swimwear (/wiki/Swimwear) over time and between cultures, and touches on the social, religious and legal attitudes to swimming and swimwear. In classical antiquity (/wiki/Classical_antiquity) and in most cultures, swimming was either in the nude or the swimmer would merely strip to their underwear. In the Renaissance (/wiki/Renaissance) , swimming (/wiki/Swimming) was strongly discouraged, and into the 18th century, swimming was regarded as of doubtful morality, and had to be justified on health grounds. In the Victorian era (/wiki/Victorian_era) swimwear was of a style of outer clothing of the time, which was cumbersome and even dangerous in the water, especially in the case of dress-style swimwear for women. Since the early 20th century, swimming came to be regarded as a legitimate leisure activity or pastime and clothing made specifically for swimming has become the norm. Since then, swimwear for women has become increasingly more scanty and form-fitting, and the use of high-tech materials has become more common. Classical ages [ edit ] In classical antiquity (/wiki/Classical_antiquity) swimming and bathing were done naked (/wiki/Nudity) . There are Roman murals which show women playing sports and exercising wearing two-piece suits covering the areas around their breasts and hips in a fashion remarkably similar to the present-day bikini. However, there is no evidence that they were used for swimming. All classical pictures of swimming show nude swimmers. In various cultural traditions, one swims, if not in the nude, in a version in suitable material of a garment or undergarment commonly worn on land, e.g. a loincloth (/wiki/Loincloth) such as the Japanese man's fundoshi (/wiki/Fundoshi) . Middle Ages [ edit ] The Middle Ages (/wiki/Middle_Ages) saw a resurgence in bathing, both in indoor bathhouses (/wiki/Public_bathing) and open air, and was largely still without clothing. Contemporary illustrations depict men and women bathing together, either nude, or with cloth wrapped around the groin. The end of the era saw more restrictions placed on bathing attire. In the Renaissance (/wiki/Renaissance) , swimming and outdoor bathing were discouraged in the Christian West (/wiki/Christian_West) and there was little need for swimwear. [ citation needed ] 17th century [ edit ] Female bathing costumes were derived from those worn at Bath (/wiki/Bath,_Somerset) and other spas. It would appear that until the 1670s nude female bathing in the spas was the norm and that after that time women bathed clothed. Celia Fiennes gave a detailed description of the standard ladies' bathing costume in 1687: The Ladyes go into the bath with Garments made of a fine yellow canvas, which is stiff and made large with great sleeves like a parson’s gown; the water fills it up so that it is borne off that your shape is not seen, it does not cling close as other linning, which Lookes sadly in the poorer sort that go in their own linning. The Gentlemen have drawers and wastcoates of the same sort of canvas, this is the best linning, for the bath water will Change any other yellow. [1] (#cite_note-Bryde1987-1) 18th century [ edit ] The bathing gown (/wiki/Bathing_gown) in the 18th century was a loose ankle-length full-sleeve chemise (/wiki/Chemise) -type gown made of wool or flannel, so that modesty or decency was not threatened. [2] (#cite_note-claud-2) In the United Kingdom, until the mid-19th century, there was no law against nude swimming, and each town was free to make its own laws. For example, the Bath (/wiki/Bath,_Somerset) Corporation official bathing dress code of 1737 prescribed, for men: It is Ordered Established and Decreed by this Corporation that no Male person above the age of ten years shall at any time hereafter go into any Bath or Baths within this City by day or by night without a Pair of Drawers (/wiki/Undergarment) and a Waistcoat (/wiki/Waistcoat) on their bodies. [1] (#cite_note-Bryde1987-1) : 50 In rivers, lakes, streams and the sea, men swam in the nude, where the practice was common. Those who did not swim in the nude, stripped to their underwear. The Bath Corporation official bathing dress code of 1737 prescribed, for women: No Female person shall at any time hereafter go into a Bath or Baths within this City by day or by night without a decent Shift (/wiki/Chemise) on their bodies. [1] (#cite_note-Bryde1987-1) The Expedition of Humphry Clinker (/wiki/The_Expedition_of_Humphry_Clinker) was published in 1771 and its description of ladies' bathing costume is different from that of Celia Fiennes a hundred years earlier: The ladies wear jackets and petticoats of brown linen, with chip hats, in which they fix their handkerchiefs to wipe the sweat from their faces; but, truly, whether it is owing to the steam that surrounds them, or the heat of the water, or the nature of the dress, or to all these causes together, they look so flushed, and so frightful, that I always turn my eyes another way. [3] (#cite_note-3) 19th century [ edit ] 1870s American bathing suit for women, made of wool and covering arms and legs Man and woman in swimsuits, c. 1910 ; she is exiting a bathing machine (/wiki/Bathing_machine) The English practice of men swimming in the nude was banned in the United Kingdom in 1860. Drawers, or caleçons (/wiki/Cale%C3%A7on) as they were called, came into use in the 1860s. Even then, there were many who protested against them and wanted to remain in the nude. Francis Kilvert (/wiki/Francis_Kilvert) described men's bathing suits coming into use in the 1870s as "a pair of very short red and white striped drawers". [4] (#cite_note-Cinder1998-4) In the first half of the 19th century, the top became knee-length, while an ankle-length drawer was added as a bottom. By the second half of the 19th century, in France, the sleeves started to vanish, the bottom became shorter to reach only the knees and the top became hip-length and both became more form fitting. [2] (#cite_note-claud-2) [5] (#cite_note-A_Brief_History_Of_Bathing_Suits-5) Penelope Byrde points out that Smollett's description may not be accurate, for he describes a two-piece costume, not the one piece shift or smock that most people describe and is depicted in contemporary prints. His description does, however, tally with Elizabeth Grant's description of the guide's costume at Ramsgate in 1811. The only difference is in the fabric the costumes are made of. Flannel, however, was a common fabric for sea bathing costumes as many believed the warmer fabric was necessary in cold water. [6] (#cite_note-Austen-6) In the West, in the 19th century, women wore a bathing gown (/wiki/Bathing_gown) in the water. These were loose ankle-length full-sleeve chemise (/wiki/Chemise) -type gown made of wool or flannel, so that modesty or decency was not threatened. [2] (#cite_note-claud-2) They were long dresses of fabrics that would not become transparent when wet, with weights sewn into the hems so that they would not rise up in the water. The men's swim suit, a rather form-fitting wool garment with long sleeves and legs similar to long underwear (/wiki/Underwear) , was developed and would change little for a century. In the 19th century, the woman's double suit was common, comprising a gown from shoulder to knees plus a set of trousers with leggings going down to the ankles. In the first half of the 19th century, the top became knee-length, while an ankle-length drawer was added as a bottom. By the second half of the 19th century, in France, the sleeves started to vanish, the bottom became shorter to reach only the knees and the top became hip-length and both became more form fitting. [2] (#cite_note-claud-2) [5] (#cite_note-A_Brief_History_Of_Bathing_Suits-5) In the 1900s, women wore wool dresses on the beach that were made of up to 9 yards (8.2 m) of fabric. [7] (#cite_note-sydelle-7) In the Victorian era (/wiki/Victorian_era) , Western cultures deplored nudity of any degree, and people took great pains to cover themselves, even bare chested male swimmers at ocean beaches. [ citation needed ] Popular beach resorts were commonly equipped with bathing machines (/wiki/Bathing_machine) designed to avoid the exposure of people in swimsuits, especially to people of the opposite sex. In the United States, beauty pageants (/wiki/Beauty_pageant) of women in bathing costumes became popular from the 1880s. However, such events were not regarded as respectable. Beauty contests became more respectable with the first modern " Miss America (/wiki/Miss_America) " contest held in 1921, though less respectable beauty contests continued to be held. Cartoon by George du Maurier (/wiki/George_du_Maurier) in Punch (/wiki/Punch_(magazine)) , 1877, showing men's and children's bathing suits American bathing suit, 1876-1880 American bathing suit, 1885 American bathing suit, 1890–1895 Early 20th century [ edit ] Annette Kellerman (/wiki/Annette_Kellerman) 's form-fitting one-piece tank suit (/wiki/Maillot) (1907) inspired the women's swimwear in the early Olympics (/wiki/Olympic_Games) (1912). In 1907, the swimmer Annette Kellerman (/wiki/Annette_Kellerman) from Australia visited the United States as an "underwater ballerina", a version of synchronised swimming (/wiki/Synchronised_swimming) involving diving into glass tanks. Her swimsuit showed arms, legs and the neck, a costume she adopted from England, [2] (#cite_note-claud-2) that was similar to men's swimsuits of the time. Kellerman changed the suit to have long arms and legs and a collar, still keeping the close fit that revealed the shapes underneath. Kellerman marketed a line of bathing suits and her style of one-piece suits came to be known as "the Annette Kellerman". The one-piece swimming tights became accepted swimsuit attire for women in parts of Europe by 1910. [8] (#cite_note-8) Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) praised the Kellerman swimsuit, writing in June 1920 (vol. 55, no. 6, p. 138): "Annette Kellerman Bathing Attire is distinguished by an incomparable, daring beauty of fit that always remains refined." The following year, in June 1921 (vol. 54, no. 2504, p. 101), it was written that these bathing suits were "famous ... for their perfect fit and exquisite, plastic beauty of line." [2] (#cite_note-claud-2) 1910s [ edit ] Maillot-style (/wiki/Maillot) swimwear on the beach (1915) and on magazines (1916). Despite opposition from some groups, the form-fitting style proved popular. It was not long before swimwear started to shrink further. At first arms were exposed and then legs up to mid-thigh. Necklines receded from around the neck down to around the top of the bosom. The development of new fabrics allowed for new varieties of more comfortable and practical swimwear. Female swimming was introduced at the 1912 Summer Olympics (/wiki/Swimming_at_the_1912_Summer_Olympics) . Competitors from 17 countries took part, with women from nine countries wearing swimsuits similar to Kellerman's swimsuit, which were similar to swimsuits worn by the male swimmers. In 1913, inspired by the breakthrough, the designer Carl Jantzen (/wiki/Jantzen) made the first functional two-piece swimwear, a close-fitting one-piece with shorts on the bottom and short sleeves on top. [9] (#cite_note-heritage-9) Silent films such as The Water Nymph (/wiki/The_Water_Nymph_(1912_film)) (1912) saw Mabel Normand (/wiki/Mabel_Normand) in revealing attire, and this was followed by the daringly dressed Sennett Bathing Beauties (/wiki/Mack_Sennett#Sennett_Bathing_Beauties) (1915–1929). Jantzen Knitting Mills (/wiki/Jantzen) , a manufacturer of sweaters, coined the term "swim suit" in 1915 and introduced the Red Diving Girl swimwear line. [10] (#cite_note-10) The first annual bathing-suit day at New York's Madison Square Garden (/wiki/Madison_Square_Garden) in 1916 was a landmark. [11] (#cite_note-11) The swimsuit apron, a design for early swimwear, disappeared by 1918, leaving a tunic covering the shorts. [12] (#cite_note-carnival-12) Public nudity was a major concern in designing early swimwear. It was a major factor behind the non-participation of American women in the 1912 Olympics. [13] (#cite_note-us-13) At those Games, British women wore full-body silk suits of such a volume that they could be passed through a wedding ring. The suits were complemented by bras (/wiki/Brassiere) and bikini (/wiki/Bikini) -style briefs as they became transparent when wet. Women's coaches were rare at early Olympics, and to further reduce the chances of harassment, women were accompanied by chaperones (/wiki/Chaperone_(social)) . [14] (#cite_note-bbc-14) Even men wore one-piece swimsuits (/wiki/One-piece_swimsuit) covering the body from hips to shoulders up to the 1940s. [15] (#cite_note-15) 1920s [ edit ] American 1920s woman's bathing suit During the 1920s and 1930s, people began to shift from "taking in the water" to "taking in the sun", at bathhouses and spas, and swimsuit designs shifted from functional considerations to incorporate more decorative features. Rayon (/wiki/Rayon) was used in the 1920s in the manufacture of tight-fitting swimsuits, [7] (#cite_note-sydelle-7) but its durability, especially when wet, proved problematic, [16] (#cite_note-Kadolph-16) with jersey (/wiki/Jersey_(fabric)) and silk (/wiki/Silk) also sometimes being used. [17] (#cite_note-glamoursurf-17) [18] (#cite_note-Longina_Phillips_Design-18) Burlesque (/wiki/Burlesque) and vaudeville (/wiki/Vaudeville) performers wore two-piece outfits in the 1920s. The 1929 film Man with a Movie Camera (/wiki/Man_with_a_Movie_Camera) shows Russian women wearing early two-piece swimsuits, which expose their midriff, and a few who are topless. Films of holidaymakers in Germany in the 1930s show women wearing two-piece suits, [19] (#cite_note-metm-19) In 1928, Speedo (/wiki/Speedo) introduced their racerback silk suit that was optimized to fit the body shape. [20] (#cite_note-Speedo1-20) [21] (#cite_note-21) 1930s [ edit ] Academy Award (/wiki/Academy_Award) winner actress Jane Wyman (/wiki/Jane_Wyman) lounging on a California beach, 1935 By the 1930s, men began to go without shirts for swimming, [22] (#cite_note-Hess-22) and barechestedness in male swimwear became the norm by the end of the 1940s, including in competitive swimming events, in which men are not only barechested, but also wear a swimming suit that is intended merely to meet public decency requirements. The norm of male barechestedness in swimwear extended to other competitive sports, such as professional boxing and professional wrestling. By the 1930s, necklines plunged at the back, sleeves disappeared, and sides were cut away and tightened. With the development of new clothing materials, particularly latex (/wiki/Latex) and nylon (/wiki/Nylon) , through the 1930s swimsuits gradually began hugging the body, with shoulder straps that could be lowered for tanning. [12] (#cite_note-carnival-12) Hollywood endorsed the new glamour with films such as Neptune's Daughter (/wiki/Neptune%27s_Daughter_(1949_film)) (1949) in which Esther Williams (/wiki/Esther_Williams) wore provocatively named costumes such as "Double Entendre" and "Honey Child". [23] (#cite_note-notting-23) Williams, who also was an Amateur Athletic Union (/wiki/Amateur_Athletic_Union) champion in the 100 meter freestyle (/wiki/Freestyle_swimming) (1939) [24] (#cite_note-24) [25] (#cite_note-25) also portrayed Kellerman in the 1952 film Million Dollar Mermaid (/wiki/Million_Dollar_Mermaid) (titled as The One Piece Bathing Suit in UK). [26] (#cite_note-26) American designer Adele Simpson (/wiki/Adele_Simpson) , a Coty American Fashion Critics' Awards (/wiki/Coty_Award) winner (1947) and a notable alumna of the New York art school Pratt Institute (/wiki/Pratt_Institute) , who believed clothes must be comfortable and practical designed a large part of her wardrobe which included mostly one-piece suits that were considered fashionable even in the early 1980s. [27] (#cite_note-27) This was when Cole of California started marketing revealing prohibition suits and Catalina Swimwear (/wiki/Catalina_Swimwear) introduced almost bare-back designs. [28] (#cite_note-28) Coco Chanel (/wiki/Coco_Chanel) made suntans fashionable, [23] (#cite_note-notting-23) and in 1932, French designer Madeleine Vionnet (/wiki/Madeleine_Vionnet) offered an exposed midriff in an evening gown. They were seen a year later in Gold Diggers of 1933 (/wiki/Gold_Diggers_of_1933) . The Busby Berkeley (/wiki/Busby_Berkeley) film Footlight Parade (/wiki/Footlight_Parade) of 1932 showcases aquachoreography (/wiki/Synchronised_swimming) that featured bikinis. Dorothy Lamour (/wiki/Dorothy_Lamour) 's The Hurricane (/wiki/The_Hurricane_(1937_film)) (1937) also showed two-piece bathing suits. [19] (#cite_note-metm-19) The 1934 film, Fashions of 1934 featured chorus girls wearing two-piece outfits that looked identical to modern bikinis. [29] (#cite_note-29) In 1934, a National Recreation Association study on the use of leisure time found that swimming, encouraged by the freedom of movement the new swimwear designs provided, was second only to movies in popularity as a free time activity out of a list of 94 activities. [2] (#cite_note-claud-2) In 1935, American designer Claire McCardell (/wiki/Claire_McCardell) cut out the side panels of a maillot (/wiki/Maillot) -style bathing suit, the bikini's forerunner. [30] (#cite_note-30) The 1938 invention of the Telescopic Watersuit in shirred elastic cotton ushered into the end the era of wool. Cotton sun-tops, printed with palm trees, and silk or rayon pyjamas, usually with a blouse top, became popular by 1939. [23] (#cite_note-notting-23) Speedo racerback silk suit that uncovered the shoulder blades (/wiki/Scapula) almost resulted in the disqualification of Clare Dennis (/wiki/Clare_Dennis) at the 1932 Olympics, [31] (#cite_note-Speedo5-31) but became a norm by 1936. [32] (#cite_note-32) Meanwhile, men were allowed to swim in bare-chest suits in 1936, and in briefs only at the 1948 Olympics. [20] (#cite_note-Speedo1-20) [33] (#cite_note-33) 1940s [ edit ] Wartime production during World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) required vast amounts of cotton (/wiki/Cotton) , silk (/wiki/Silk) , nylon (/wiki/Nylon) , wool (/wiki/Wool) , leather (/wiki/Leather) , and rubber (/wiki/Rubber) . In 1942, the United States, the War Production Board (/wiki/War_Production_Board) issued Regulation L-85, cutting the use of natural fibers in clothing [34] (#cite_note-34) and mandating a 10% reduction in the amount of fabric in women's beachwear. [35] (#cite_note-HistC-35) To comply with the regulations, swimsuit manufacturers produced two-piece suits with bare midriffs. [36] (#cite_note-fashionencyc-36) The fabric shortage continued for some time after the end of the war. Women's swimwear of the 1930s and 1940s incorporated increasing degrees of midriff exposure (/wiki/Midriff_exposure) . Teen magazines of late 1940s and 1950s featured similar designs of midriff-baring suits and tops. However, midriff fashion was stated as only for beaches and informal events and considered indecent to be worn in public. [37] (#cite_note-girl-37) Because of the figure-hugging nature of these garments, glamour photography (/wiki/Glamour_photography) since the 1940s and 1950s has often featured people wearing swimsuits. This type of glamour photography eventually evolved into swimsuit photography exemplified by the annual Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue (/wiki/Sports_Illustrated_Swimsuit_Issue) . Beauty contests also required contestants to wear form-fitting swimsuits. Two-piece swimsuits without the usual skirt panel and other superfluous material started appearing in the U.S. when the government ordered the 10% reduction in fabric used in woman's swimwear in 1943 as wartime rationing. [35] (#cite_note-HistC-35) By that time, two-piece swimsuits were ubiquitous on American beaches. The July 9, 1945, Life (/wiki/Life_(magazine)) shows women in Paris (/wiki/Paris) wearing similar items. Hollywood (/wiki/Hollywood_(film_industry)) stars like Ava Gardner (/wiki/Ava_Gardner) , Rita Hayworth (/wiki/Rita_Hayworth) and Lana Turner (/wiki/Lana_Turner) tried similar swimwear or beachwear (/wiki/Beachwear) . [38] (#cite_note-ArtCent-38) Pin ups (/wiki/Pin-up_girl) of Hayworth and Esther Williams (/wiki/Esther_Williams) in the costume were widely distributed. [9] (#cite_note-heritage-9) The most provocative swimsuit was the 1946 Moonlight Buoy, a bottom and a top of material that weighed only eight ounces. What made the Moonlight Buoy distinctive was a large cork (/wiki/Cork_(material)) buckle (/wiki/Buckle) attached to the bottoms, which made it possible to tie the top to the cork buckle and splash around au naturel while keeping both parts of the suit afloat. Life (/wiki/Life_(magazine)) magazine had a photo essay (/wiki/Photo_essay) on the Moonlight Buoy and wrote, "The name of the suit, of course, suggests the nocturnal conditions under which nude swimming is most agreeable." [39] (#cite_note-WOJSI-39) 1950s [ edit ] Swimwear of the 1940s, '50s and early '60s followed the silhouette (/wiki/Silhouette#Fashion_and_fitness) mostly from the early 1930s, whereas after World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) , a new wardrobe and style of vacation swimwear arose, coupled with an increase of leisure time and bustling postwar resorts. [40] (#cite_note-Stevenson,_N._J._2012-40) In 1951, a huge celebration called "The Festival of Britain" was promoted of everything new and modern and cast a line into the future, building on a feeling of hope. [41] (#cite_note-Kennedy2010-41) Beachwear style were very popular in U.S and Europe, [40] (#cite_note-Stevenson,_N._J._2012-40) but this fashion originated on the French Riviera (/wiki/French_Riviera) , where people was quoted this place as "A sunny place for shady people". [41] (#cite_note-Kennedy2010-41) Keeping in line with the ultra-feminine look dominated by Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior_SA) which brought out his one and only collection of swimwear for the Cole of California in 1955. [41] (#cite_note-Kennedy2010-41) He designed a series of floral printed swimsuits with halter necklines. It evolved into a dress that followed his New Look silhouette with cinched waists and constructed bustlines, accessorized with earrings, bracelets, hats, scarves, sunglasses, hand bags and cover-ups. [42] (#cite_note-asseen-42) American Women inspired by Hollywood's film stars For example, Doris Day offering a 'girl-next-door' look and the accession and coronation of the young Queen Elizabeth in February 1952 and June 1953 respectively. [43] (#cite_note-43) For the early 1950s, despite the reaction to the two-piece swimsuit (/wiki/Two-piece_swimsuit) worn by Brigitte Bardot (/wiki/Brigitte_Bardot) in Manina, the Girl in the Bikini in 1952, most women in the 1950s still wore one-piece suits. [40] (#cite_note-Stevenson,_N._J._2012-40) To increasing female emancipation and realized the commercial possibilities of beauty pageants, big companies launched beauty contests to find girls who could help promote products, believing that a picture of a pretty girl in a swimsuit was the best promotion. Instead of swimsuits, these contests popularized the playsuit (/wiki/Playsuit_(ladies%27_clothing)) , but swimsuits remained the highlight in the beauty contest. [41] (#cite_note-Kennedy2010-41) The first bikinis (/wiki/Bikinis) appeared just after World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) . Early examples were not very different from the women's two pieces common since the 1920s, except that they had a gap below the breast line allowing for a section of bare midriff. They were named after Bikini Atoll (/wiki/Bikini_Atoll) , the site of several nuclear weapons tests, for their supposed explosive effect on the viewer. Beside Christian Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior) , some designers also launched the swimwear collection, such as Bob and Bill Meistrell of body glove and Robert and Jack O'Neill of the surf brand O'Neill. [41] (#cite_note-Kennedy2010-41) Many of these pre-bikinis had fancy names like Double Entendre, Honey Child (to maximize small bosoms (/wiki/Breast) ), Shipshape (to minimize large bosoms (/wiki/Breast) ), Diamond Lil (trimmed with rhinestones (/wiki/Rhinestone) and lace (/wiki/Lace) ), Swimming In Mink (trimmed with fur (/wiki/Fur_clothing) across the bodice (/wiki/Bodice) ) and Spearfisherman (heavy poplin (/wiki/Poplin) with a rope belt (/w/index.php?title=Rope_belt&action=edit&redlink=1) for carrying a knife), Beau Catcher, Leading Lady, Pretty Foxy, Side Issue, Forecast, and Fabulous Fit. [39] (#cite_note-WOJSI-39) However, the bikini was banned from the first (/wiki/Miss_World_1951) Miss World (/wiki/Miss_World) contest, following the crowning of Miss Sweden (/wiki/Miss_Sweden) . Some people declared the bikini to be morally "indecent". Even in Europe in 1950, there was an Italian magazine that declared that the bikini should be worn purely for the sunbathing purposes or on board boats. [41] (#cite_note-Kennedy2010-41) According to Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) the swimwear had become more of "state of dress, not undress" by the mid-1950s. [42] (#cite_note-asseen-42) The bikini had a colorful period on the cinema screens and made an impact in the late 1950s, and inspired films such as And God Created Woman by Roger Vadim (/wiki/Roger_Vadim) , which launched Brigitte Bardot (/wiki/Brigitte_Bardot) into the spotlight, and became the benchmark for bikini on celluloid. Also, her outfit set a whole new trend for sex symbols. [41] (#cite_note-Kennedy2010-41) Starting in the 1940s, the manufacturing advances enabled swimsuits to fit without the help of elastic, and aid in competitive swimming. [41] (#cite_note-Kennedy2010-41) In the early 1950s, other synthetics beside the screen print technique was being developed, such as polyester and acrylic, with quick-drying properties. In U.S,U.S., the Hawaiian (/wiki/Hawaii) - Japanese (/wiki/Japan) - inspired prints were often used. In Europe, Emilio Pucci (/wiki/Emilio_Pucci) moved swimwear textile on a generation when he began to design prints for Rose Marrie Reid swimwear. [40] (#cite_note-Stevenson,_N._J._2012-40) By the late 1950s, new materials were developed and applied on the corsetry swimwear, such as Lastex (/wiki/Lastex) , a fabric woven from artificial chromspun acetate that used for a more tightly fitted appearance. Speedo (/wiki/Speedo) produced the wool and cotton swimwear for the Melbourne Olympics in 1956. [41] (#cite_note-Kennedy2010-41) In 1956, Speedo became the first company to introduce nylon (/wiki/Nylon) . [44] (#cite_note-44) Men's swimsuits developed roughly in parallel to women's during this period, with the shorts covering progressively less. Racing-style "speedo" swim briefs (/wiki/Swim_brief) became popular, as did thongs (/wiki/Thong) , G-strings (/wiki/G-string) and bikini (/wiki/Bikini) style briefs. Typically these are more popular in more tropical (/wiki/Tropical) regions; however, they may also be worn at public swimming pools (/wiki/Swimming_pool) and inland lakes. 1960s [ edit ] In 1964 designer Rudi Gernreich (/wiki/Rudi_Gernreich) conceived and produced the monokini (/wiki/Monokini) , [45] (#cite_note-alac-45) a revolutionary and controversial design included a bottom that "extended from the midriff to the upper thigh" [46] (#cite_note-everything-46) and was "held up by shoestring laces that make a halter around the neck." [47] (#cite_note-nangle-47) [45] (#cite_note-alac-45) The Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue (/wiki/Sports_Illustrated_Swimsuit_Issue) was invented by Sports Illustrated editor Andre Laguerre (/wiki/Andre_Laguerre) in 1964. He asked fashion reporter Jule Campbell (/wiki/Jule_Campbell) to go on a shoot to fill space, including the cover, with a beautiful model. The first issue, released in 1964, entailed a cover featuring Babette March (/wiki/Babette_March) and a five-page layout. It is credited with making the bikini (/wiki/Bikini) [48] (#cite_note-48) a legitimate piece of apparel. [49] (#cite_note-49) Since then, the Swimsuit Issue has become the biggest selling issue of the magazine, and a major cross-over publication for the fashion and modeling worlds as well. [50] (#cite_note-50) [51] (#cite_note-51) 1970s [ edit ] In the 1970s Speedo added elastane (/wiki/Spandex) to their swimsuits that improved their elasticity, durability and reduced water drag – 21 out of 22 records at the 1972 Olympics were broken using nylon/elastane suits. [20] (#cite_note-Speedo1-20) At the same Olympics, East German swimmers adopted suits that were tightly following the body shape, the so-called "skinsuits". They were initially made of cotton and became virtually transparent when wet. The revealing shape and transparency caused outrage among US swimmers; meanwhile, at the 1973 World Aquatics Championships (/wiki/1973_World_Aquatics_Championships) , East German women won 10 of 14 events and set seven world records. Those championships became the turning point for the world to adopt the skinsuit, modified with novel synthetic materials, as a standard competitive swimwear. [52] (#cite_note-si-52) 1980s [ edit ] In 1985, Gernreich unveiled the lesser known pubikini (/wiki/Pubikini) , a bathing suit meant to expose pubic hair (/wiki/Pubic_hair) . [53] (#cite_note-53) The pubikini is a small piece of fabric that hugs the hips and buttocks but leaves the pubic region exposed, [54] (#cite_note-Metrwax-54) described as a tiny V-shaped fabric strip and a pièce de résistance (/wiki/Pi%C3%A8ce_de_r%C3%A9sistance) totally freeing the human body. [55] (#cite_note-55) It featured a thong-style bottom [56] (#cite_note-56) while the front was a tiny V-shaped strip of fabric that dipped below the woman's mons pubis (/wiki/Mons_pubis) , exposing her pubic hair (/wiki/Pubic_hair) . [54] (#cite_note-Metrwax-54) [57] (#cite_note-57) This was his last design, four weeks before his death. [58] (#cite_note-58) [59] (#cite_note-59) 1990s [ edit ] Tankini (/wiki/Tankini) and the concept of mix-and-match swimwears (/wiki/Swimwear) were the two major innovations in that genre in the late 1990s. [60] (#cite_note-60) Designer Anne Cole (/wiki/Anne_Cole) , the US swimwear mogul, was the originator of this style. [61] (#cite_note-homan-61) Hailed as the first major innovation in women's swimsuit design in several decades, the two-piece tankini blended the freedom of a bikini with the more modest coverage of a one-piece bathing suit, and quickly captured nearly a third of the swimwear market. [62] (#cite_note-62) [63] (#cite_note-63) Aimed at closing a gap in the swimwear market, the popularity of tankini largely came from Cole's tapping into women's anxieties about swimwear. [64] (#cite_note-64) In the years following its introduction tankinis diversified in style and range, adding other big name designers such as Ralph Lauren (/wiki/Ralph_Lauren) , Donna Karan (/wiki/Donna_Karan) , Nautica (/wiki/Nautica) , and Calvin Klein (/wiki/Calvin_Klein) . [65] (#cite_note-65) For men, longer and baggier shorts became popular in this era, with the hems often reaching to the knees. Often called boardshorts and swim trunks, these were worn lower on the hips than regular shorts. 2000s [ edit ] In 2005, a controversy broke out when Buddhists (/wiki/Buddhist) complained against swimwear manufacturer Ondade Mar and lingerie giant Victoria's Secret (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret) started marketing tankinis featuring Buddhist iconography. [66] (#cite_note-66) In the same year Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) 's breast cancer awareness swimwear collection featured four different cuts of tankini. [67] (#cite_note-67) In 2000, Speedo launched the Fastskin (/wiki/Fastskin) suit series that mimicked shark skin. Their surface contained bumps and ridges that channeled the water over the swimmer's body approximately 3% more efficiently than traditional materials. [68] (#cite_note-shark-68) [69] (#cite_note-shark2-69) Those suits covered most of the body, from neck to ankles and wrists, and their shape was optimized for specific swimming strokes, compressing some body parts while allowing more freedom to the others. [70] (#cite_note-70) [71] (#cite_note-hsw-71) Those suits were approved for the 2000 Olympics, where they helped win 83% of the medals. [68] (#cite_note-shark-68) By the next Olympics, similar suits had been developed by Tyr Sport (/wiki/TYR_Sport) , but they were not approved by the FINA (/wiki/World_Aquatics) . [72] (#cite_note-tyr-72) In July 2009, FINA (/wiki/World_Aquatics) voted to ban non-textile (non-woven) swimsuits in competitive events from 2010. The new policy was implemented to combat the issues associated with performance enhancing costumes, hindering the ability to accurately measure the performance of swimmers. Subsequently, the new ruling states that men's swimsuits may maximally cover the area from the navel to the knee, and women's counterparts from the shoulder to the knee. [73] (#cite_note-73) [74] (#cite_note-74) Miss America (/wiki/Miss_America) ended its swimsuit competition in 2018. [75] (#cite_note-:Miss_America2-75) [76] (#cite_note-NYT_Changes-76) See also [ edit ] History of competitive swimwear (/wiki/History_of_competitive_swimwear) History of the bikini (/wiki/History_of_the_bikini) History of nudity (/wiki/History_of_nudity) References [ edit ] Citations [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c Byrde, Penelope (1987). "That Frightful Unbecoming Dress: Clothes for Spa Bathing at Bath" (https://www.euppublishing.com/doi/abs/10.1080/cost.1987.0007) . Costume . 21 (1): 48–49. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1179/cos.1987.21.1.44 (https://doi.org/10.1179%2Fcos.1987.21.1.44) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0590-8876 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0590-8876) . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Claudia B. Kidwell, Women's Bathing and Swimming Costume in the United States (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/37586/37586-h/37586-h.htm) , Smithsonian Institution Press, City of Washington, 1968 ^ (#cite_ref-3) Smollett, Tobias George (1906). The Expedition of Humphry Clinker . New York: The Century Company. pp. 38–39. ^ (#cite_ref-Cinder1998_4-0) Cinder, Cec (1998). The Nudist Idea . Ultraviolet Press. p. 333. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-9652085-0-5 . ^ Jump up to: a b Herbert Sanchez, A Brief History Of Bathing Suits (http://www.articlegarden.com/Article/A-Brief-History-Of-Bathing-Suits/23798) , Article Garden ^ (#cite_ref-Austen_6-0) "Bathing - Jane Austen at the seaside" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130514035307/http://www.jasa.net.au/seaside/Bathing.htm) . jasa.net.au . Archived from the original (http://www.jasa.net.au/seaside/Bathing.htm) on 14 May 2013. ^ Jump up to: a b Sydelle, John. "The Swimsuit Industry" (http://smallbusiness.chron.com/swimsuit-industry-18779.html) . Chron . Retrieved 29 August 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Liz Conor, The spectacular modern woman: feminine visibility in the 1920s , page 152, Indiana University Press, 2004, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-253-34391-7 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-253-34391-7) ^ Jump up to: a b Hoover, Elizabeth D. (5 July 2006). "60 Years of Bikinis" (https://web.archive.org/web/20070909195749/http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/web/20060705-bikini-swimming-suit-louis-reard-micheline-bernardini-paris-brigitte-bardot.shtml) . American Heritage (/wiki/American_Heritage_(magazine)) . Archived from the original (http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/web/20060705-bikini-swimming-suit-louis-reard-micheline-bernardini-paris-brigitte-bardot.shtml) on 9 September 2007 . Retrieved 13 November 2007 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) The Beginning History of Swimwear (http://news.globalintimatewear.com/FashionStyle/6810/3/The_Beginning_History_of_Swimwear.html) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150923120254/http://news.globalintimatewear.com/FashionStyle/6810/3/The_Beginning_History_of_Swimwear.html) 2015-09-23 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , Global Intimate Wear, 08-07-2012 ^ (#cite_ref-11) Jean Preer, " The Postmaster General and "The Magazine for Men (https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/1990/spring/esquire-v-walker-1.html) " Prologue (/wiki/Prologue_(magazine)) , page 1, Spring 1990, Vol. 23, No. 1, U.S. National Archives and Records Administration ^ Jump up to: a b "History of the Bikini" (http://www.carnaval.com/bikini/#In%20Brazil) . Carnival. ^ (#cite_ref-us_13-0) Shelton, Sandi Kahn (4 August 2012) Women swimmers bucked tide of sexism to compete in Olympics 100 years ago; SCSU librarian's book says competition deemed 'too unfemale' (video) (http://www.nhregister.com/general-news/20120804/women-swimmers-bucked-tide-of-sexism-to-compete-in-olympics-100-years-ago-scsu-librarians-book-says-competition-deemed-too-unfemale-video) . nhregister.com ^ (#cite_ref-bbc_14-0) Manning, Jo (11 August 2008) First champ 'would be thrilled' (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7554196.stm) . BBC ^ (#cite_ref-15) Daily News, pp. 1, 5 ^ (#cite_ref-Kadolph_16-0) Kadolph, Sara J.; Langford, Anna L. (2001). Textiles (9 ed.). Prentice Hall. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-13-025443-6 . ^ (#cite_ref-glamoursurf_17-0) "Vintage Swimwear Timeline" (http://www.glamoursurf.com/swimwear_timeline.html) . Glamoursurf . Retrieved August 29, 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-Longina_Phillips_Design_18-0) "Vintage Swimwear" (https://longinaphillipsdesigns.com/vintage-swimwear/) . Retrieved March 1, 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b The Bikini (http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/biki/hd_biki.htm) , Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) ^ Jump up to: a b c Our History (http://www.speedo.com.au/history) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140622061440/http://speedo.com.au/history) 2014-06-22 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) . speedo.com.au ^ (#cite_ref-21) Daily News, p. 6 ^ (#cite_ref-Hess_22-0) Meagan Hess. "Skirting the Skirts at the Bathing Beach" (http://xroads.virginia.edu/~ma04/hess/fashion/inthiscorner3.html) . Xroads.virginia.edu . Retrieved 2013-06-15 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Sandhu, David (August 4, 2003). "Nottingham: Bathed in nostalgia" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/sunandsea/728059/Nottingham-Bathed-in-nostalgia.html) . The Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) . 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ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-84732-382-8 . ^ Jump up to: a b Daniel Delis Hill, As Seen in Vogue , page 63, Texas Tech University Press, 2007, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-89672-616-9 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89672-616-9) ^ (#cite_ref-43) Laver, J. (2012). Costume and fashion: A concise history. London: Thames & Hudson Ltd. ^ (#cite_ref-44) Daily News, pp. 9, 12 ^ Jump up to: a b Alac, Patrik (2012). Bikini Story . Parkstone International. p. 68. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1780429519 . ^ (#cite_ref-everything_46-0) "Bikini Styles: Monokini" (https://archive.today/20120729151157/http://www.everythingbikini.com/monokini.html) . Everything Bikini. 2005. Archived from the original (http://www.everythingbikini.com/monokini.html) on 29 July 2012 . Retrieved 13 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-nangle_47-0) Nangle, Eleanore (June 10, 1964). "Topless Swimsuit Causes Commotion" (http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1964/06/10/page/65/article/topless-swimsuit-causes-commotion) . Chicago Tribune (/wiki/Chicago_Tribune) . Retrieved 20 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-48) Hoover, Elizabeth D. (July 5, 2006). "60 Years of Bikinis" (https://web.archive.org/web/20070909195749/http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/web/20060705-bikini-swimming-suit-louis-reard-micheline-bernardini-paris-brigitte-bardot.shtml) . American Heritage Inc. Archived from the original (http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/web/20060705-bikini-swimming-suit-louis-reard-micheline-bernardini-paris-brigitte-bardot.shtml) on September 9, 2007 . Retrieved November 13, 2007 . ^ (#cite_ref-49) Mendelsohn, Aline (July 23, 2006). "The bikini celebrates 60 years" (https://web.archive.org/web/20080706155241/http://www.journalstar.com/articles/2006/07/28/sunday_am/doc44bec4c0d94a5233525588.txt) . Lincoln Journal Star . Archived from the original (https://www.journalstar.com/articles/2006/07/28/sunday_am/doc44bec4c0d94a5233525588.txt) on July 6, 2008 . 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Sources [ edit ] Victoriana Magazine (http://www.victoriana.com/library/Beach/FashionableBathingSuits.htm) CNN (http://edition.cnn.com/2013/06/21/living/btn-bathing-suits-by-the-numbers/) - 1 CNN (http://edition.cnn.com/2015/05/22/world/riviera-style-exhibition/) - 2 BBC (http://news.bbc.co.uk/sportacademy/hi/sa/swimming/features/newsid_3909000/3909817.stm) - 1 BBC (https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-32817686) - 2 CBS News (http://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/swimwear-through-the-ages/) MNN (http://www.mnn.com/lifestyle/natural-beauty-fashion/stories/brief-revealing-history-swimsuit) v t e Timeline (/wiki/Timeline_of_clothing_and_textiles_technology) of clothing and fashion History of clothing and textiles (/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles) History of fashion design (/wiki/History_of_fashion_design) Ancient (/wiki/Clothing_in_the_ancient_world) Prehistory of nakedness and clothing (/wiki/Prehistory_of_nakedness_and_clothing) China (/wiki/Popular_fashion_in_ancient_China) Han Chinese (/wiki/Hanfu) Shu (/wiki/Clothing_in_ancient_Shu) Egyptian (/wiki/Clothing_in_ancient_Egypt) Inuit (/wiki/Inuit_clothing) Biblical (/wiki/Biblical_clothing) Greek (/wiki/Clothing_in_ancient_Greece) Roman (/wiki/Clothing_in_ancient_Rome) Thracian (/wiki/Thracian_clothing) Middle Ages Anglo-Saxon (/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_dress) Byzantine (/wiki/Byzantine_dress) Chinese Liao (/wiki/Fashion_in_the_Liao_dynasty) Jurchen Jin (/wiki/Fashion_in_the_Jurchen_Jin_dynasty) Yuan (/wiki/Fashion_in_the_Yuan_dynasty) Western Xia (/wiki/Fashion_in_Western_Xia) English (/wiki/English_medieval_clothing) Europe 400s–1000s (/wiki/Early_medieval_European_dress) 1100s (/wiki/1100%E2%80%931200_in_European_fashion) 1200s (/wiki/1200%E2%80%931300_in_European_fashion) 1300s (/wiki/1300%E2%80%931400_in_European_fashion) 1400s (/wiki/1400%E2%80%931500_in_European_fashion) Korean (/wiki/Hanbok#History) Ottoman (/wiki/Ottoman_clothing) Tocharian (/wiki/Tocharian_clothing) Vietnamese (/wiki/Vietnamese_clothing#Lý_dynasty_to_Trần_dynasty_(1009–1400)) 1500s–1820s Western fashion 1500–1550 (/wiki/1500%E2%80%931550_in_European_fashion) 1550–1600 (/wiki/1550%E2%80%931600_in_European_fashion) 1600–1650 (/wiki/1600%E2%80%931650_in_Western_fashion) 1650–1700 (/wiki/1650%E2%80%931700_in_Western_fashion) 1700–1750 (/wiki/1700%E2%80%931750_in_Western_fashion) 1750–1775 (/wiki/1750%E2%80%931775_in_Western_fashion) 1775–1795 (/wiki/1775%E2%80%931795_in_Western_fashion) 1795–1820 (/wiki/1795%E2%80%931820_in_Western_fashion) Directoire style (/wiki/Directoire_style) 1820s (/wiki/1820s_in_Western_fashion) 1830s–1910s Western fashion Victorian (/wiki/Victorian_fashion) 1830s (/wiki/1830s_in_Western_fashion) 1840s (/wiki/1840s_in_Western_fashion) 1850s (/wiki/1850s_in_Western_fashion) 1860s (/wiki/1860s_in_Western_fashion) 1870s (/wiki/1870s_in_Western_fashion) 1880s (/wiki/1880s_in_Western_fashion) 1890s (/wiki/1890s_in_Western_fashion) Edwardian (/wiki/Edwardian_era#Fashion) 1900s (/wiki/1900s_in_Western_fashion) 1910s (/wiki/1910s_in_Western_fashion) 1920s–1950s Western fashion Suffrage Movement period (/wiki/Women%27s_suffrage_and_Western_women%27s_fashion_through_the_early_20th_century) 1920s (/wiki/1920s_in_Western_fashion) 1930–1945 (/wiki/1930%E2%80%931945_in_Western_fashion) 1945–1960 (/wiki/1945%E2%80%931960_in_Western_fashion) 1960s-1990s fashion 1960s (/wiki/1960s_in_fashion) 1970s (/wiki/1970s_in_fashion) 1980s (/wiki/1980s_in_fashion) 1990s (/wiki/1990s_in_fashion) 2000–present fashion 2000s (/wiki/2000s_in_fashion) 2010s (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) 2020s (/wiki/2020s_in_fashion) impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_fashion_industry) By country and region Indian subcontinent (/wiki/History_of_clothing_in_the_Indian_subcontinent) Italy (/wiki/History_of_Italian_fashion) Japan (/wiki/Japanese_clothing#History) Meiji (/wiki/Japanese_clothing_during_the_Meiji_period) Thailand (/wiki/History_of_Thai_clothing) Western 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(Redirected from History of Metric Hosiery Company (/w/index.php?title=History_of_Metric_Hosiery_Company&redirect=no) ) Metric Hosiery Company Company type Private (/wiki/Privately_held_company) Industry Clothing manufacturer Founded January 1930 ( 1930-01 ) in New York (/wiki/New_York_(state)) , United States Founders Weiss & Cahn Headquarters 442-448 Fourth Avenue, Manhattan , USA Products Hosiery The Metric Hosiery Company was a New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) clothing manufacturing firm. Business history [ edit ] Metric Hosiery leased property at 442-448 Fourth Avenue (/wiki/Fourth_Avenue_(Manhattan)) in January 1930 [1] (#cite_note-1) and incorporated in November 1932. The owners' names were Weiss & Cahn and the business was located at 220 West 42nd Street (Manhattan) (/wiki/42nd_Street_(Manhattan)) . The corporation's initial market capitalization was $20,000. [2] (#cite_note-2) The manufacturer was represented in advertising by the Theodore J. Funt Company, in November 1945. [3] (#cite_note-3) At one point Metric Hosiery was a client of Raymond Loewy (/wiki/Raymond_Loewy) , "the father of industrial design". [4] (#cite_note-4) Metric lost out to a rival business when E. J. Korvette (/wiki/E._J._Korvette) stores transferred their buying of hosiery to Maro Industries. Gabriel I. Levy, a Yonkers (/wiki/Yonkers) lawyer, filed a $4.6 million damage suit in 1966 in United States District Court (/wiki/United_States_District_Court) for the southern District of New York (/wiki/New_York_(state)) , in hopes of breaking up a one-year-old merger between Maro's Spartans Industries and E.J. Korvette. [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-case-6) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Business Leases , New York Times, January 10, 1930, pg. 42. ^ (#cite_ref-2) New Incorporations , New York Times, November 14, 1932, pg. 34. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Advertising News And Notes , New York Times, November 29, 1945, pg. 36. ^ (#cite_ref-4) raymond loewy (http://www.raymondloewy.com/about/client_list3.htm) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20081222221342/http://www.raymondloewy.com/about/client_list3.htm) 2008-12-22 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-5) Suit Seeks To Split Spartans, Korvette , New York Times (/wiki/New_York_Times) , October 18, 1967, pg. 71. ^ (#cite_ref-case_6-0) "60-P Metric Hosiery Company v. Spartans Industries, Inc." (https://books.google.com/books?id=5Y5d6uJbw-wC&dq=metric+hosiery+company&pg=PA536) . Merger Case Digest 1982 . American Bar Association (/wiki/American_Bar_Association) . 1984. p. 536 . Retrieved June 8, 2017 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐6cc9f7fdd7‐gsmw5 Cached time: 20240715195447 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.177 seconds Real time usage: 0.285 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1105/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 7987/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 611/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 19/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 7063/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.118/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3308034/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 271.082 1 -total 65.74% 178.215 1 Template:Infobox_company 60.19% 163.167 1 Template:Infobox 29.07% 78.817 1 Template:Cite_book 3.99% 10.822 1 Template:Comma_separated_entries 3.31% 8.976 1 Template:Webarchive 2.01% 5.447 1 Template:Start_date 1.19% 3.214 1 Template:MONTHNAME 0.78% 2.122 1 Template:Template_other 0.78% 2.105 3 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:20185499-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715195447 and revision id 1059949576. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Metric_Hosiery_Company&oldid=1059949576#Business_history (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Metric_Hosiery_Company&oldid=1059949576#Business_history) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Defunct companies based in New York City (/wiki/Category:Defunct_companies_based_in_New_York_City) Clothing companies established in 1932 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1932) 1932 establishments in New York City (/wiki/Category:1932_establishments_in_New_York_City) Hidden category: Webarchive template wayback links (/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links) |
American jeweler A major contributor to this article appears to have a close connection (/wiki/Wikipedia:Conflict_of_interest) with its subject. It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia's content policies, particularly neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) . Please discuss further on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Greg_Yuna) . ( August 2020 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Greg Yuna Born Greg Yuna Queens, New York Nationality American Occupation Jeweler Website www (https://www.gregyuna.com) .gregyuna (https://www.gregyuna.com) .com (https://www.gregyuna.com) Greg Yuna is an American jeweler. In 2017, he moved away from the family business and began his own company, Chapter II, also located in the Diamond District. [1] (#cite_note-1) Yuna is known for his Instagram posts shot in the middle of 6th Avenue in Manhattan during a 51-second red traffic light, often involving celebrities wearing his jewelry. [2] (#cite_note-Entrepreneur-2) Yuna's designs have been worn by clients including Floyd Mayweather (/wiki/Floyd_Mayweather_Jr.) , [3] (#cite_note-refuses-3) Meek Mill (/wiki/Meek_Mill) , [3] (#cite_note-refuses-3) and Victor Cruz (/wiki/Victor_Cruz_(American_football)) . [3] (#cite_note-refuses-3) He designed Ariana Grande (/wiki/Ariana_Grande) 's engagement ring. [4] (#cite_note-4) He also created a pendant picturing the late rapper Nipsey Hussle (/wiki/Nipsey_Hussle) for Hussle's longtime girlfriend, Lauren London (/wiki/Lauren_London) . [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) Yuna has designed sneaker pendants for Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) . [7] (#cite_note-7) [2] (#cite_note-Entrepreneur-2) In 2019, Yuna was an advisor for and had a minor role in the 2019 Adam Sandler (/wiki/Adam_Sandler) film Uncut Gems (/wiki/Uncut_Gems) . [8] (#cite_note-thrillist-8) He appeared on an episode of Ridiculousness (/wiki/Ridiculousness_(TV_series)) in 2021. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Dream of Being Covered in Diamonds? Call Greg Yuna" (https://coveteur.com/2019/06/20/greg-yuna-new-york-city-jeweler-you-should-know/) . Coveteur . 2019-06-20 . Retrieved 2020-07-30 . ^ Jump up to: a b Adams, Gerard (2017-02-13). "Gerard Adams, 'Mr. Flawless' and Photo Shoots in the Middle of Manhattan Traffic" (https://www.entrepreneur.com/video/289046) . Entrepreneur . Retrieved 2020-07-20 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Krastz, Roger. "Celebrity Jeweler Mr. Flawless Refuses To Give Jewelry Away For Free - XXL" (https://www.xxlmag.com/mr-flawless-celebrity-jeweler-challenges/) . XXL Mag . Retrieved 2020-07-21 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Ariana Grande's Engagement Ring from Pete Davidson Cost Nearly $100,000" (https://www.tmz.com/2018/06/12/ariana-grande-engagement-ring-pete-davidson-100k/) . TMZ . Retrieved 2020-07-22 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Charlamagne tha God Gives Lauren London a Greg Yuna-Designed Nipsey Hussle Pendant" (https://hypebeast.com/2019/5/nipsey-hussle-chain-jewelry-piece-lauren-london-charlamagne-tha-god-greg-yuna-gift) . HYPEBEAST . 13 May 2019 . Retrieved 2020-07-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Santi, Christina (2019-05-13). "Charlamagne Gifts Lauren London an Extravagant Nipsey Hussle Pendant" (https://www.ebony.com/news/charlamagne-gifts-lauren-london-nipsey-hussle-pendant/) . EBONY . Retrieved 2020-07-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "OFF-WHITE X NIKE AIR JORDAN 1 JEWELRY" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/off-white-nike-air-jordan-1-jewelry/) . High Snobiety . ^ (#cite_ref-thrillist_8-0) "How Adam Sandler and the Safdie Brothers Made 'Uncut Gems' the Best Movie of the Year" (https://www.thrillist.com/entertainment/nation/uncut-gems-movie-adam-sandler-safdie-brothers-interview) . The Thrillist . 2019-12-13 . Retrieved 2020-07-22 . Further reading [ edit ] " Greg Yuna on custom watches (https://timeandtidewatches.com/greg-yuna-custom-watch-jewellery/) ," Time and Tide Watches, 18 April, 2019 " Greg Yuna Shows Off His Insane Jewelry Inventory (https://video.gq.com/watch/on-the-rocks-greg-yuna-shows-off-his-insane-jewelry-inventory/) ," GQ , 18 March, 2019. " INKED PEOPLE: GREG YUNA (https://www.inkedmag.com/culture/inked-people-greg-yuna/) ," Inked, 10 October, 2018. " Greg Yüna Pairs Jewelry with Intricate Drawings in Latest Series (https://hypebeast.com/2019/8/greg-yuna-drip-jewelry-art-series-ilovehash-mia-kang-collaboration/) ," Hypebeast, 28 August, 2018. " Celebrity Jeweler Mr. Flawless On Floyd Mayweather Buying From Him and What To Invest In (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GEYoJW7c5DA/) ," The Breakfast Club, 3 November, 2016. " Mr. Flawless: Time To Shine (https://www.vibe.com/featured/mr-flawless-time-to-shine-feature/) ," Vibe , 8 December, 2015. "Dream of Being Covered in Diamonds? Call Greg Yuna" (https://coveteur.com/2019/06/20/greg-yuna-new-york-city-jeweler-you-should-know/) . Coveteur . 2019-06-20 . Retrieved 2020-07-20 . 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Venezuelan fashion designer This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Nicolas_Felizola) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Nicolas_Felizola) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guideline for biographies (/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(people)) . Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing reliable secondary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) that are independent (/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources) of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be merged (/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging) , redirected (/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect) , or deleted (/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy) . 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Find sources: "Nicolas Felizola" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Nicolas+Felizola%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Nicolas+Felizola%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Nicolas+Felizola%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Nicolas+Felizola%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Nicolas+Felizola%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Nicolas+Felizola%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( May 2020 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Nicolas Felizola begun his career as a fashion photographer (/wiki/Photographer) . Felizola worked as a photographer for fashion designers such as Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) and the House of Givenchy. As an international Fashion Designer Felizola has been awarded and recognized multiple times, such as the "Certificate of Special Congressional Recognition (2012) by members of congress of the United States of America, "Personality of The Year Award" (2012) by Opi at the Unesco, Paris, France, "Best Designer of Miami Fashion Week," and Miami Fashion Icon award presented by Tiffany & Co. for his Prive evening gown and Uomo collections; the "Zanetti Murano Award" in Italy; the "Universal Excellence Award." Recipient of the city of Miami key 2018 and most recently honored with his official day on May 9, 2018, by City of Doral, Florida. Among other important careers recognitions. Felizola was featured in Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) as "America's Young Fashion Designer," recognized among ten Hispanic (/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans) Designers that are influential in the United States, such as Carolina Herrera (/wiki/Carolina_Herrera) and Oscar de la Renta (/wiki/Oscar_de_la_Renta) . His vision, passion and devotion for the art of creation, makes him look forward, to achieve excellency in every step of his journey. As he says "I do not believe in fashion, I believe in expressing your unique sense of style through what you choose to wear for any occasion." Collections [ edit ] Vibrations Fashion performance At Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts (/wiki/Adrienne_Arsht_Center_for_the_Performing_Arts) in 2015 Felizola Privè 2014 Felizola Resort 2014 and Men's Underwear line "Felizolaunderworld" MOOI (Inspired by Rembrandt and Vermeer) in 2013 Cinetique (Inspired by Kinetic Movement) in 2012 Orinokia (Inspired by the Orinoco River (/wiki/Orinoco_River) ) in 2011 Seductrice in 2010 Enamorada (Spanish for "In Love") in 2009 Del Cuore (Italian for "Of The Heart") in 2008 2015 Vibrations [ edit ] This collection was inspired by the magic of music with fashion design. The event was held at the Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts (/wiki/Adrienne_Arsht_Center_for_the_Performing_Arts) in the city of Miami. The music portion of this beautiful evening was led by the Miami Symphony Orchestra. 2014 Privè [ edit ] 2013 MOOI [ edit ] Mooi is Felizola's latest collection inspired by Rembrandt (/wiki/Rembrandt) and Vermeer (/wiki/Johannes_Vermeer) . These 17th-century Dutch painter's contributions to art came in a period that historians called the Dutch Golden Age. The result was richly varied handling of paint and deep layers. 2012 Cinetique [ edit ] Reverence to the world of kinetic movement originated in Paris by great teachers of their time, such as Carlos Cruz Diez (/wiki/Carlos_Cruz-Diez) and Jesus Soto (/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Rafael_Soto) . They served as foundation and inspiration to Nicolas Felizola. Conceptualizing in their different facets as the artist of the photographic lens, of fashion couture and unique decorative pieces for the home, Felizola offers us his version of the Kinetic movement for the 21st century. Cinetique transports us with its encircling magic lines fused in a focal point to emphasize the delicate female silhouette. 2011 Orinokia [ edit ] Nicolas Felizola Spring Summer 2011 was Orinokia. The legends of El Dorado the city of gold and the Orinoco River (/wiki/Orinoco) have brought forward myths and fantasy that have outlasted the clutches of time. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) 2010 Seductrice [ edit ] Inspired by the fearless power of seduction of today's modern woman. [3] (#cite_note-3) This collection was held at Miami Fashion Week 2010 (Closing Ceremony). 2009 Enamorada [ edit ] In 2009, Felizola released his new spring/summer collection titled Enamorada . Felizola took inspiration on the 1950s Mexican star María Félix (/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_F%C3%A9lix) . The designer said about this collection: "Maria was in love with fashion. She understood that the art of dressing required, like every master's work, unavoidable steps to reach perfection. The cuts and lines that emphasized her waistline and accentuated her silhouette were her trademarks, just like the colors and richness of the garments' textures. Coming into the present time, fine silk gazaar feathers cut in a laborious maneuver, just like flares, embroidery, beading, pleats, French Chantilly lace, and the most exquisite silks embody this collection." [4] (#cite_note-4) 2008 Del Cuore [ edit ] Felizola debuted his Spring/Summer 2008 collection at New York Fashion Week 2008 during a charity luncheon benefiting the AROD Family Foundation , hosted by baseball player of the year, Alex Rodriguez (/wiki/Alex_Rodriguez) and his wife, Cynthia. When asked about this collection, Felizola said: [5] (#cite_note-5) " Del Cuore is about the passion of the heart, and this collection is purely from the heart and completely about the passion that a woman has." Awards and merits [ edit ] 2019 Talenpro -Audiovisual's Arts -judge.Panama City -Panama 2019 30 years trajectory -Nicolas Felizola - couture fashion Show -Big brothers big Sisters.Ritz Carlton -key Biscayne. 2018 NicolasFelizola-oficial day may 9 -proclamation by the mayor of the city of Doral-fl Juan carlos bermudez 2018 Evtv recognition as Orgullo Venezolano-Venezuelan Pride award. 2017 – "Chiaroscuro Studio Award" – Given to Nicolas Felizola for his contributions to the arts in the United States. Miami FL. 2016 – Mayor Tomas Regalado presented the "Key to the City of Miami" to Venezuelan Photographer, Fashion Designer, and Attorney at Law Nicolas Felizola. Miami, Florida. 2016 – Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Santo Domingo 2016 – " Nicolas Felizola Prive Collection." Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. 2016 – Puerto Rico Fashion "Nicolas Felizola Vibrations." San Juan, Puerto Rico. 2016 – "Miami Life Achievement Award" For his contributions to the fashion industry and for his philanthropic work in Miami and around the world. Miami, Florida. 2016 – Awarded "The Princess Grace of Monaco Award" by the Foundation Grace of Monaco. New York. 2016 Cine Argentino award - Presented by Adriana Bianco. 2016 Mercy Hospital Auxiliary Award.Miami Fl 2016 excellence award achievement by Miami life awards 2016 2015 – MISO CHIC Nicolas Felizola "Fashion Show Vibrations" At Adrienne Arsht Center (/wiki/Adrienne_Arsht_Center_for_the_Performing_Arts) Miami, Florida. 2015 – Miami Life Awards " Designer of the Year." Miami FL. 2014 – Miami Fashion Week 2014 "Resort Collection." Miami Beach, Florida. 2013 Icon of style Award- New York City -by Vanidades-Editorial Televisa 2013 – excellence in evening-wear Awards "Miami Fashion Week 2013", Miami Beach FL 2013 Miami Fashion Icon Award- by Miami Fashion week -Tiffany&co Award. 2013 – PGA (Professional Golfers Association) World Golf Championship, Doral, Florida 2013 Golden Smile's Award .Presented by American developing Smiles Foundation. 2013 Icono -Lasta Award -highest fashion show of the world -Salar of Uyuni -Bolivia. 2012 congressional medal of Merit.presented by Member of congress of United States ofAmerica .washintong Dc. 2012 The flag of the United States of America. Washington DC 2012 Best Fashion Entrepreneur of the Year Award .presented by EmprenDT Latino. 2012 – "BeLive for Colombia, Fashion Show." Miami, Florida 2012 -" Caribbean Fashion Week," Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic 2012 – "Miami Beach International Fashion Week 2012," Miami Beach, Fl 2012 victoria Puig de Lange -International Style excellence Award-Miami Fashion Week .Presented by Tiffany &co 2012 Iberoamerican Personality of the year.presented by OPI -Unesco-Paris France. 2011 – "Noche Romántica Fundación San Felipe," Panamá, Republic of Panama 2011 – "Miami Fashion Week," Miami FL 2010 – "Orinokia Nicolas Felizola Prive 2011," Miami, Florida 2010 – "República Dominicana Fashion Week," Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic 2010 – Designers Choice Award "Miami International Fashion Week ." Miami, Florida by Tiffany & co 2010 Mens style Award- Miami Fashion Week presented by Tiffany &co . 2010 – "María Félix Exhibition," Bellas Artes Theater-Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. 2010 The Miami Dade county office of the Mayor and board of county Commissioners Recognition-As Internacional Fashion Designer-Presented by Mayor Carlos Alvarez 2009 – "Vanidades de la Moda" 2009 – "Noche de Estrellas." DF, Mexico 2009 – "High Fashion Palm Beach," Palm Beach, Florida 2009 – "Miami Fashion Week 2009," Miami, Florida 2008 – "Enamorada Fashion Show CIFO Museum." Miami, Florida 2008 – "María Félix Exhibition," Miami FL 2008 – "Acapulco Fashion "Novias Felizola," Acapulco, Mexico 2008 – "Miami Fashion Week 2008," Miami FL 2008 - Awarded Best Designer -Zanetti murano- Italy 2008 – "Vanidades Fashion Show", Miami, Florida 2007 -"Harpers Bazaar Magia de Moda" Miami, Florida 2007 – "DFashion Fashion Week." Mexico, DF 2007 – "A Rod Family Foundation Fashion Show," New York NY 2007 – "Pasarella Fashion Night "Modama" Guadalajara, Mexico 2007 – "Miracle Makers Big Brother Big Sister." Miami, Florida 2007 – "Miami Fashion Week Miami Showcase." Miami, Fl 2007 – "Cosmolounge," San Juan, Puerto Rico 2006 Excellency Award-Mexico Df 2006 – "Love at First Sight, Ocean Drive." Miami, Florida 2006 – "Haper's Bazaar Magia de Moda." Miami, Florida 2006 – "MS Fashion Show," Tampa, Florida 2006 – "Semana de la Moda 2006," Caracas, Venezuela 2006 – "Lanzamiento Revista Nueva," San José, Costa Rica" 2006 – "Managua Big Fashion Nicaragua" Managua, Nicaragua 2006 – "Miami Fashion Week 2006," Miami, Florida 2005 – "Acapulco Fashion Week, Acapulco Mexico" 2005 – "Caras Fashion Show" Guayaquil Quito, Ecuador 2005 – "10 Years of Beauty and Fashion" Nicaragua 2005 – "Operation Smile, Los Angeles, California" 2005 – "Belleza Por Una Causa, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic" 2005 – Red Carpet International. San Juan Puerto Rico 2005 – Miami Fashion Week (Best Designer Award) 2004 – "Corazones de la Moda, Miami FL" 2003 – Piel Miami Fl. 2003 – "Dias de Moda", Ciudad Panamá, Panamá References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) www.nicolasfelizola.com (https://www.nicolasfelizola.com/womens) ^ (#cite_ref-2) http://rosanasandovalg.wordpress.com/2010/10/26/if-lady-diana-or-jackie-onassis-were-alive-they-wore-nicolas-felizola%E2%80%99s-orinokia-2011-collection/ (http://rosanasandovalg.wordpress.com/2010/10/26/if-lady-diana-or-jackie-onassis-were-alive-they-wore-nicolas-felizola%E2%80%99s-orinokia-2011-collection/) [ user-generated source ] ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Tiempo Habitual Online" (http://tiempohabitualonline.blogspot.com/2010/04/tiempo-habitual-online_4472.html) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Enamorada (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ALchI30FL7o) ^ (#cite_ref-5) Editor "Move Over Oscar, Nicolas Felizola's Got Next!" (http://www.latina.com/entertainment/movies/move-over-oscar-nicolas-felizolas-got-next) www.latina.com , 1-03-2008 (http://www.latina.com/entertainment/movies/move-over-oscar-nicolas-felizolas-got-next) External links [ edit ] nicolasfelizola.com (http://www.nicolasfelizola.com/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6bf4868c9d‐swczl Cached time: 20240709123545 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.264 seconds Real time usage: 0.372 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1000/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 84272/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 21790/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 15873/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.155/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4230043/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 319.634 1 -total 51.66% 165.109 5 Template:Ambox 34.35% 109.780 1 Template:Reflist 32.59% 104.176 1 Template:Multiple_issues 25.08% 80.163 1 Template:Cite_web 22.32% 71.351 1 Template:Short_description 19.24% 61.499 1 Template:Notability 12.46% 39.818 2 Template:Pagetype 6.82% 21.810 1 Template:Authority_control 6.37% 20.347 6 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:25406559-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709123545 and revision id 1233033973. 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French costume designer You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paulette_Coquatrix) in French . (June 2018) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View (https://translate.google.com/translate?&u=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPaulette_Coquatrix&sl=fr&tl=en&prev=_t&hl=en) a machine-translated version of the French article. Machine translation, like DeepL (https://deepl.com) or Google Translate (https://translate.google.com/) , is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution (/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia) in the edit summary (/wiki/Help:Edit_summary) accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link (/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links) to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at [[:fr:Paulette Coquatrix]]; see its history for attribution. You may also add the template {{Translated|fr|Paulette Coquatrix}} to the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Paulette_Coquatrix) . For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation (/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation) . Paulette Coquatrix Born Clara Paulette Possicelsky ( 1916-04-26 ) 26 April 1916 Paris (/wiki/Paris) , France Died 28 May 2018 (2018-05-28) (aged 102) Paris (/wiki/Paris) , France Resting place Cimetière du Père Lachaise (/wiki/Cimeti%C3%A8re_du_P%C3%A8re_Lachaise) Occupation Costume designer (/wiki/Costume_designer) Spouse(s) Bruno Coquatrix (/wiki/Bruno_Coquatrix) (m. 19??-1979; his death); 1 child Paulette Coquatrix (born Clara Paulette Possicelsky , 26 April 1916 – 28 May 2018) was a French costume designer. Biography [ edit ] At the beginning of the 1950s, she was a costume designer for the Comédie-Caumartin (/wiki/Com%C3%A9die-Caumartin) shows, directed by Bruno Coquatrix from 1952. [1] (#cite_note-1) In the early 1960s, her costume atelier went bankrupt and closed down after Josephine Baker (/wiki/Josephine_Baker) failed to pay for the costumes she had ordered for her revue of Paris, mes amours . [2] (#cite_note-2) When her husband Bruno Coquatrix died in 1979, she inherited Olympia Hall (/wiki/Olympia_(Paris)) in equal shares with her daughter Patricia. She entrusted the general direction to her nephew Jean-Michel Boris (/wiki/Jean-Michel_Boris) , who joined the company in 1954. [ citation needed ] Under her ownership, the Olympia Hall was destructed and rebuilt identically a few meters away from its original location in 1997. [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) After Jean-Michel Boris was laid off from the Olympia by her daughter Patricia, tensions arose between Paulette and Patricia regarding the business management of the music hall. [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) Coquatrix sold the auditorium to the Vivendi (/wiki/Vivendi) group in August 2001. [7] (#cite_note-7) Paulette Coquatrix died on 28 May 2018 at the age of 102. [8] (#cite_note-8) Publications [ edit ] (in French) Les coulisses de ma mémoire . Grasset & Fasquelle. 1984. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 2-246-31071-7 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-246-31071-7) (in French) Mes noces d'or avec l'Olympia . Cator Astral. 17 November 2003. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-2859204624 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2859204624) [9] (#cite_note-9) Awards [ edit ] 1997: Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur (/wiki/Legion_of_Honour) [10] (#cite_note-10) Personal life [ edit ] Clara Paulette Possicelsky married Bruno Coquatrix (/wiki/Bruno_Coquatrix) and she had three daughters. [11] (#cite_note-11) Her daughter Patricia was the artistic director of the Olympia until January 2002. [12] (#cite_note-12) In November 2010, she inaugurated the newly named street "rue Bruno Coquatrix" in Paris. [13] (#cite_note-13) See also [ edit ] Bruno Coquatrix (/wiki/Bruno_Coquatrix) Olympia Hall (/wiki/Olympia_(Paris)) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Paulette Coquatrix - Auteur - Ressources de la Bibliothèque nationale de France" (http://data.bnf.fr/12660139/paulette_coquatrix) . data.bnf.fr (in French) . Retrieved 5 June 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) (in French) Dominique Chapuis, L'Olympia entonne l'air des profits (https://www.lesechos.fr/2004/02/lolympia-entonne-lair-des-profits-1060680) , Lesechos.fr , 4 February 2004 ^ (#cite_ref-3) (in French) L'Olympia mis en scène par des promoteurs . La reconstruction à l'identique de la salle est au coeur d'un vaste projet immobilier. (https://www.liberation.fr/libe-3-metro/1995/12/08/l-olympia-mis-en-scene-par-des-promoteurs-la-reconstruction-a-l-identique-de-la-salle-est-au-coeur-d_152736) , Liberation.fr , 8 December 1995 ^ (#cite_ref-4) (in French) L'olympia déménage (https://www.lorientlejour.com/article/226811/Lolympia_demenage.html) , Lorientlejour.com , 15 April 1997 ^ (#cite_ref-5) (in French) « Tout sauf Patricia Coquatrix ! » (https://www.leparisien.fr/culture-loisirs/tout-sauf-patricia-coquatrix-27-08-2001-2002393885.php) , Leparisien.fr , 27 August 2001 ^ (#cite_ref-6) (in French) La femme du jour Patricia Coquatrix (https://www.humanite.fr/node/259563) , Humanite.fr , 1 February 2002 ^ (#cite_ref-7) « Rachat de l'Olympia, cette fois c'est signé » (http://www.leparisien.fr/loisirs-et-spectacles/rachat-de-l-olympia-cette-fois-c-est-signe-17-10-2001-2002516990.php) , Le Parisien , 17 octobre 2001 ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Mort de Paulette Coquatrix, ancienne propriétaire de l'Olympia" (http://www.lepoint.fr/ces-gens-la/mort-de-paulette-coquatrix-ancienne-proprietaire-de-l-olympia-29-05-2018-2222310_264.php) (in French). Le Point . Retrieved 5 June 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) (in French) Paulette Coquatrix à la librairie Ravy (https://www.letelegramme.fr/ar/viewarticle1024.php?aaaammjj=20020820&article=4866964&type=ar) , Letelegramme.fr , 20 August 2002 ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Ordre de la Legion D'Honneur Décret du 11 juillet 1997 portant promotion et nomination" (http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000000567775&categorieLien=id) (in French). 13 July 1997 . Retrieved 5 June 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) (in French) Paulette Coquatrix, entourée de ses filles Ima, Patricia et Françoise lors du cocktail privé à L'Olympia le 30 novembre 2010 (https://www.purepeople.com/media/paulette-coquatrix-entouree-de-ses_m523212) , Purepeople.com , 30 November 2010 ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Patricia Coquatrix quitte l'Olympia" (http://tempsreel.nouvelobs.com/culture/20020131.OBS2785/patricia-coquatrix-quitte-l-olympia.html) . L'Obs (in French). 31 January 2002 . Retrieved 5 June 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) (in French) Une rue Bruno Coquatrix à Paris, près de l'Olympia (https://www.lepoint.fr/insolite/une-rue-bruno-coquatrix-a-paris-pres-de-l-olympia-19-11-2010-1264683_48.php) , Lepoint.fr , 19 November 2011 External links [ edit ] Paulette Coquatrix (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0178955/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/2594201) National France (https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb126601391) BnF data (https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb126601391) Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/1061924513) United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n84222350) People Deutsche Biographie (https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd1061924513.html?language=en) This biographical article related to film in France is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paulette_Coquatrix&action=edit) . v t e This article about a fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Mary Brosnan Mary Brosnan, from a 1958 newspaper. Born February 2, 1906 New York Died January 1988 New York Other names Mary Brosnan Kratschmer (after marriage) Occupation(s) designer, businesswoman Awards Neiman-Marcus Fashion Award (1966) Mary Brosnan (February 2, 1906 – January 20, 1988), also known as Mary Brosnan Kratschmer , was an American businesswoman and mannequin (/wiki/Mannequin) designer, winner of the Neiman-Marcus Fashion Award (/wiki/Neiman_Marcus_Fashion_Award) in 1966. Early life [ edit ] Mary Brosnan was born in 1906 in New York. She attended the Sacred Heart Convent school and studied art at the National Academy of Design (/wiki/National_Academy_of_Design) school. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Career [ edit ] Brosnan was portrait painter by training. During the Great Depression (/wiki/Great_Depression) , she worked as a window dresser, and when the need arose for a more glamorous mannequin, she created one. [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) She and sculptor Kay Sullivan founded Mary Brosnan Inc., in 1941, providing American-made mannequins to stores during World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) , when European mannequins were difficult to import. Brosnan moved her manufacturing from Manhattan [3] (#cite_note-3) to Long Island in 1947. [4] (#cite_note-4) Also in 1947, her company acquired a patent for a self-standing mannequin, requiring no external stand. [5] (#cite_note-5) Her 1948 mannequins became associated with the "New Look" of Christian Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior_(fashion_house)) , because they were well-matched in proportions (broad shoulders, slim hips), and Brosnan's mannequins often used in Dior window displays. [6] (#cite_note-6) Brosnan's business was a success, and she was described as one of the "top American businesswomen" in a 1958 profile. [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) In 1962, Mary Brosnan Inc., a division of D. G. Williams, [7] (#cite_note-7) occupied a 35,000 square-foot plant in Long Island City (/wiki/Long_Island_City) , with sculptors' studios, casting rooms, drying ovens and other facilities. [8] (#cite_note-8) In 1964 the factory was producing 150-200 mannequins a week. "I often wonder where the old mannequins end up," Brosnan mused in an interview that year. "Sometimes I imagine there's a big desert somewhere out in Arizona, where they are piled up like used cars." [9] (#cite_note-9) Brosnan won the Neiman-Marcus Fashion Award (/wiki/Neiman_Marcus_Fashion_Award) in 1966. "She is the country's most eminent sculptress of the mannequins seen in store windows," explained one report about the award. [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) In 1967 she made the mannequins for a show titled "The Art of Fashion" at the Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) . [12] (#cite_note-12) Brosnan retired after 1973. [13] (#cite_note-13) Personal life [ edit ] In 1956, [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) Mary Brosnan married a Vienna-born importer, Robert Kratschmer. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) She died January 20, 1988, aged 81 years, from cancer, in New York. [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Miller, Joy (February 27, 1966). "New Mannequin is 'Happiness Girl', says Mary Brosnan, New York Designer" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/36570396/mary_brosnan_1966/) . The Bridgeport Post . p. 30 . Retrieved September 30, 2019 – via Newspapers.com. ^ Jump up to: a b c Reef, Betty (February 17, 1958). "Manikins Made a Mint for Her" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/36571522/mary_brosnan_1958/) . St. Louis Globe-Democrat . p. 11 . Retrieved September 30, 2019 – via Newspapers.com. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Store Executives Mary Brosnan Guests". Women's Wear Daily . February 12, 1942. p. 34 – via ProQuest. ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Mary Brosnan, Inc., to Move to Long Island to Double Production". Women's Wear Daily . March 11, 1947. p. 76 – via ProQuest. ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Patents Device to Make Mannequins Self-Standing: Invention To Eliminate Use Of Visible Supporting Rod Assigned To Mary Brosnan, Inc.— Production To Take Some Time". Women's Wear Daily . April 8, 1947. p. 69 – via ProQuest. ^ (#cite_ref-6) Strege, Gayle (2017-07-05). "The Store Mannequin: An Evolving Idea of Beauty" (https://books.google.com/books?id=UTMrDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Mary+Brosnan%22+mannequin&pg=PA106) . In Iarocci, Louisa (ed.). Visual Merchandising: The Image of Selling . Routledge. pp. 106–108. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781351537469 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Taylor, Angela (December 6, 1977). "Mannequins: First, You Find a Face" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/36572374/mary_brosnan_1977/) . Intelligencer Journal . p. 17 . Retrieved September 30, 2019 – via Newspapers.com. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Mary Brosnan Expands". Women's Wear Daily . July 24, 1962. p. 13 – via ProQuest. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Sheppard, Eugenia (June 17, 1964). "She's So Pretty They Keep a Mold" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/36566735/mary_brosnan_1964/) . The Corpus Christi Caller-Times . p. 33 . Retrieved September 30, 2019 – via Newspapers.com. ^ (#cite_ref-10) Hughes, Alice (February 19, 1966). "Top Award Presented to Mannequin Creator" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/36570775/mary_brosnan_1966/) . Poughkeepsie Journal . p. 4 . Retrieved September 30, 2019 – via Newspapers.com. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Rosenthal, Richard; Sokol, Jack (May 26, 1969). "Models of your Mind" (https://books.google.com/books?id=eN0CAAAAMBAJ&dq=Brosnan+manikins&pg=PA39) . New York Magazine . p. 39 . Retrieved September 30, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) The Metropolitan Museum of Art (1967). The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin v 26 no 3 November 1967 . p. 152. ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Fashion's Mannequins Nearly Real" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/36571286/mary_brosnan_1973/) . Asbury Park Press . September 23, 1973. p. 25 . Retrieved September 30, 2019 – via Newspapers.com. ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Mary Brosnan Kratschmer: Mannequin Designer, 81" (https://www.nytimes.com/1988/01/23/obituaries/mary-brosnan-kratschmer-mannequin-designer81.html) . The New York Times . January 23, 1988. p. 10 . Retrieved September 30, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Mary Brosnan". Women's Wear Daily . January 21, 1988. p. 18 – via ProQuest. 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Waterproof hat with wide, slanting brim A sou'wester A crab fisherman wearing a sou'wester A sou'wester is a traditional form of collapsible oilskin (/wiki/Oilskin) rain hat (/wiki/Hat) that is longer in the back than the front to protect the neck fully. [1] (#cite_note-1) A gutter front brim is sometimes featured. The name is thought to come from the southwesterly wind which brings warm air from the tropics to the British Isles (/wiki/British_Isles) , often bringing rain as it cools over the sea. [2] (#cite_note-2) See also [ edit ] Mariner's cap (/wiki/Mariner%27s_cap) Oilcloth (/wiki/Oilcloth) Waxed cotton (/wiki/Waxed_cotton) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Sou'wester" (http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sou'wester) . Merriam-Webster.com Online Dictionary . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Sou'wester" (https://hatguide.co.uk/souwester/) . HatGuide.co.uk . External links [ edit ] Media related to Sou'westers (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sou%27westers) at Wikimedia Commons v t e Hats (/wiki/Hat) and caps (/wiki/Cap) List of hat styles (/wiki/List_of_hat_styles) Western (/wiki/Western_culture) culture (/wiki/Western_culture) Formal (/wiki/Formal_wear) Cartwheel (/wiki/Cartwheel_hat) Cloche (/wiki/Cloche_hat) Cocktail (/wiki/Cocktail_hat) Doll (/wiki/Doll_hat) Draped turban (/wiki/Draped_turban) Eugénie (/wiki/Eug%C3%A9nie_hat) Fascinator (/wiki/Fascinator) Half (/wiki/Half_hat) Halo (/wiki/Halo_hat) Juliet (/wiki/Juliet_cap) Mushroom (/wiki/Mushroom_hat) Lampshade (/wiki/Lampshade_hat) Picture (/wiki/Picture_hat) Peach (/wiki/Peach_basket_hat) Pillbox (/wiki/Pillbox_hat) Tam (/wiki/Tam_cap) Top (/wiki/Top_hat) Opera (/wiki/Opera_hat) Semi-formal (/wiki/Semi-formal_wear) Homburg (/wiki/Homburg_hat) Anthony Eden (/wiki/Anthony_Eden_hat) Boater (/wiki/Boater) Bowler (/wiki/Bowler_hat) Buntal (/wiki/Buntal_hat) Informal 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Serbian fashion designer Roksanda Ilinčić MBE (/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire) Роксанда Илинчић Born 1975 (age 48–49) Belgrade (/wiki/Belgrade) , SR Serbia (/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Serbia) , SFR Yugoslavia (/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia) Nationality Serbian, British Education University of Arts in Belgrade (/wiki/University_of_Arts_in_Belgrade) , Central Saint Martins (/wiki/Central_Saint_Martins) Occupation(s) Fashion designer, businesswoman Awards 2012 Red Carpet Award, British Fashion Awards (/wiki/British_Fashion_Awards) Roksanda Ilinčić Bueno de Mesquita MBE (/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire) (née Ilinčić ; Serbian Cyrillic (/wiki/Serbian_Cyrillic_alphabet) : Роксанда Илинчић , pronounced [rǒksaːnda (/wiki/Help:IPA/Serbo-Croatian) ǐliːntʃitɕ] (/wiki/Help:IPA/Serbo-Croatian) ; born 1975) is a Serbian-born fashion designer based in London, England. She owns the fashion brand Roksanda (stylised in all caps (/wiki/All_caps) ), which she introduced in 2005 at London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) . Personal life [ edit ] Roksanda Ilinčić was born in Belgrade (/wiki/Belgrade) , Serbia, and travelled extensively with her parents; her father Lazar was a businessman and her mother Ranka worked in public relations. [1] (#cite_note-1) Ilinčić lives in north London with her husband and their daughter. [2] (#cite_note-2) Career [ edit ] Ilinčić studied architecture and design at the Faculty of Applied Arts, University of Arts in Belgrade (/wiki/University_of_Arts_in_Belgrade) , before coming to study at Central Saint Martins (/wiki/Central_Saint_Martins) in London in 1999, where she earned her master's degree in Womenswear. [3] (#cite_note-3) She has been showing her collections on the London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) schedule since 2005, later adding leather goods to the ready-to-wear offering. The first Roksanda store – a collaboration with architect David Adjaye (/wiki/David_Adjaye) – opened in June 2014 at 9 Mount Street (/wiki/Mount_Street,_London) in London's Mayfair (/wiki/Mayfair) . In 2016, Ilinčić has won British Designer of the Year at Elle Style Awards (/wiki/Elle_Style_Awards) . In November 2014, she was named Business Woman of the Year at the Harper's Bazaar UK (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) Women of the Year Awards. The year, before Ilinčić won the Red Carpet Designer award at the British Elle Style Awards, and in 2012, the Red Carpet Award at the British Fashion Awards (/wiki/British_Fashion_Awards) . Roksanda designs were on display at the Women, Fashion, Power exhibit at the Design Museum (/wiki/Design_Museum) ; they have also been featured in the Victoria & Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_%26_Albert_Museum) 's exhibition Ballgowns: British Glamour since 1950 . Notable clients [ edit ] The brand has been worn by Catherine, Princess of Wales (/wiki/Catherine,_Princess_of_Wales) , Rajwa Al Saif (/wiki/Rajwa_Al_Saif) , [4] (#cite_note-4) Michelle Obama (/wiki/Michelle_Obama) , Samantha Cameron (/wiki/Samantha_Cameron) , Cate Blanchett (/wiki/Cate_Blanchett) , Emily Blunt (/wiki/Emily_Blunt) , Kristen Stewart (/wiki/Kristen_Stewart) , Amy Adams (/wiki/Amy_Adams) , Keira Knightley (/wiki/Keira_Knightley) , and Melania Trump (/wiki/Melania_Trump) . [5] (#cite_note-5) Honours and awards [ edit ] In 2018, Ilinčić received the Knight of the St. Sava Order of Diplomatic Pacifism (/wiki/Knight_of_the_St._Sava_Order_of_Diplomatic_Pacifism) award from the Serbian Minister of Foreign Affairs (/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Serbia)) Ivica Dačić (/wiki/Ivica_Da%C4%8Di%C4%87) . [6] (#cite_note-6) She was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (/wiki/Member_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire) (MBE) in the 2023 Birthday Honours (/wiki/2023_Birthday_Honours) for services to fashion design. [7] (#cite_note-7) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Slater, Lydia (10 April 2012). "Roksanda Ilincic: The Goth strips off" (https://www.standard.co.uk/lifestyle/roksanda-ilincic-the-goth-strips-off-6489804.html) . www.standard.co.uk . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "World of designer Roksanda Ilincic - Telegraph" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/article/TMG8555379/World-of-designer-Roksanda-Ilincic.html) . fashion.telegraph.co.uk . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Roksanda (http://www.londonfashionweek.co.uk/roksandailincic) London Fashion Week ^ (#cite_ref-4) Merchant-Habib, Hanadi (28 March 2023). "Celebrity-loved Roksanda Ilincic talks dressing Rajwa Al-Saif and design inspiration" (https://www.arabnews.com/node/2276996/lifestyle) . Retrieved 8 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Feitelberg, Rosemary (19 July 2016). "Melania Trump Wears Roksanda at Republican National Convention" (http://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/melania-trump-roksanda-republican-national-convention-10492137/) . Retrieved 19 July 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Dačić dodelio najviša diplomatska priznanja, među laureatima modna kreatorka, humintarac, preživeli logoraši Jasenovca..." (https://www.blic.rs/vesti/politika/dacic-dodelio-najvisa-diplomatska-priznanja-medu-laureatima-modna-kreatorka/j3w5jjz) (in Serbian). Blic. 29 May 2018 . Retrieved 29 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "No. 64082" (https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/64082/supplement/B22) . The London Gazette (/wiki/The_London_Gazette) (Supplement). 17 June 2023. p. B22. External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.roksanda.com/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5fd5d84b48‐mhhjk Cached time: 20240717113557 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.462 seconds Real time usage: 0.620 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3116/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 19821/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2056/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 24654/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.315/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 21400255/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 584.526 1 -total 29.80% 174.191 1 Template:Infobox_fashion_designer 24.93% 145.751 1 Template:Reflist 18.80% 109.871 1 Template:Lang-sr-Cyrl 18.25% 106.648 5 Template:Cite_web 12.54% 73.295 1 Template:Short_description 8.36% 48.838 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 7.35% 42.970 2 Template:Pagetype 6.50% 38.000 1 Template:Birth_year_and_age 5.83% 34.091 1 Template:IPA-sh Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:36248392-0!canonical and timestamp 20240717113557 and revision id 1160781300. 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This article does not cite (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) any sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Kim_B%C3%A1c_S%C6%A1n) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence) . Find sources: "Kim Bác Sơn" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Kim+B%C3%A1c+S%C6%A1n%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Kim+B%C3%A1c+S%C6%A1n%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Kim+B%C3%A1c+S%C6%A1n%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Kim+B%C3%A1c+S%C6%A1n%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Kim+B%C3%A1c+S%C6%A1n%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Kim+B%C3%A1c+S%C6%A1n%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( June 2019 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) 19th century gilded Kim Bác Sơn Kim Bác Sơn is a small gilded metal ornament to decorate courtier's cap in the Nguyễn dynasty (/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_dynasty) . It is thought to first appear in the late Lê dynasty (/wiki/L%C3%AA_dynasty) . Images [ edit ] 19th century Phốc Đầu (/wiki/Ph%E1%BB%91c_%C4%90%E1%BA%A7u) with Kim Bác Sơn. This Vietnam (/wiki/Vietnam) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kim_B%C3%A1c_S%C6%A1n&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐844cd986b8‐rgpsg Cached time: 20240722144958 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.192 seconds Real time usage: 0.245 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 147/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 12384/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 9/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 6952/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.147/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1616047/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 218.652 1 -total 49.05% 107.239 1 Template:Unreferenced 45.76% 100.064 1 Template:Vietnam-stub 44.84% 98.039 1 Template:Asbox 40.91% 89.440 1 Template:Ambox 7.37% 16.104 1 Template:Find_sources_mainspace 2.69% 5.890 1 Template:Italic_title Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:43203538-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722144958 and revision id 1212626526. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kim_Bác_Sơn&oldid=1212626526 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kim_Bác_Sơn&oldid=1212626526) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Culture of Vietnam (/wiki/Category:Culture_of_Vietnam) Vietnamese headgear (/wiki/Category:Vietnamese_headgear) Vietnam stubs (/wiki/Category:Vietnam_stubs) Hidden categories: Articles lacking sources from June 2019 (/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_sources_from_June_2019) All articles lacking sources (/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_sources) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles) |
Chinese apparel, footwear, brand management company This article contains content that is written like an advertisement (/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_soapbox_or_means_of_promotion) . Please help improve it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_Brands_Group&action=edit) by removing promotional content (/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam) and inappropriate external links (/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links#Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest) , and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) . ( November 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Global Brands Group Holding Limited Native name 利標品牌有限公司 Company type Public company (/wiki/Public_company) Traded as (/wiki/Ticker_symbol) SEHK (/wiki/Hong_Kong_Stock_Exchange) : 787 (https://www.hkex.com.hk/Market-Data/Securities-Prices/Equities/Equities-Quote?sym=787&sc_lang=en) Industry Consumer (/wiki/Consumer) Founded December 2013 Founder William Fung Headquarters Hong Kong (/wiki/Hong_Kong) Area served Global Key people Chairman: William Fung; CEO: Richard Nixon Darling Products Apparel, Footwear, Accessories and Brand Management. Number of employees Approximately 2,000 Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) The Fung Group Website www (http://www.globalbrandsgroup.com) .globalbrandsgroup (http://www.globalbrandsgroup.com) .com (http://www.globalbrandsgroup.com) Global Brands Group Holding Limited ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 利標品牌有限公司 ) is a bankrupt holding company (/wiki/Holding_company) that has its own brand (/wiki/Brand) of apparel (/wiki/Apparel) and footwear (/wiki/Footwear) , as well as being a brand management (/wiki/Brand_management) company. It designs, develops, markets and sells products under a diverse array of owned and licensed brands in a wide range of product categories. [1] (#cite_note-1) In June 2021, despite a series of asset sales, the company's liabilities still exceeded its asset value. [2] (#cite_note-2) Trading in the shares of the financially stressed entity was halted by the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (/wiki/Hong_Kong_Stock_Exchange) due to its inability to file annual results. [3] (#cite_note-3) In 2022 Creative Artists Agency (/wiki/Creative_Artists_Agency) took full ownership of the joint venture, [4] (#cite_note-4) CAA-GBG Global Brand Management Group (CAA-GBG), a partnership that was launched in 2016. [5] (#cite_note-5) CAA-GBG is a Brand Management Company. A Brand Management Company is a business that uses techniques to increase the perceived value of a product line or brand over time. The company manages brands including celebrity brands such as David Beckham (/wiki/David_Beckham) and Drew Barrymore (/wiki/Drew_Barrymore) . The company works with brands under its four business verticals: Men's and Women's Fashion, Footwear and Accessories, Kids and Brand Management. The products are sold across multiple geographies and through various distribution channels, including department stores (/wiki/Department_store) , hypermarkets/clubs, off-price retailers, independent chains, and specialty retailers. While Global Brand's business is primarily wholesale, the Group also makes strategic investments in direct-to-consumer retail (/wiki/Retail) . The company designs, develops, markets and sells products under a diverse array of owned and licensed brands, such as Spyder (/wiki/Spyder_(ski_apparel_brand)) . [6] (#cite_note-6) Background [ edit ] The history of Global Brands Group can be traced back to 2005 when Li & Fung (/wiki/Li_%26_Fung) Limited established a wholesale business focusing on private label and branded apparel in order to broaden its relationships with existing and new retailer customers. On 4 December 2013, in preparation for the spin-off from Li & Fung and Listing, Global Brands Group was incorporated in Bermuda. On 13 December 2013, it became a wholly owned subsidiary of Li & Fung. [7] (#cite_note-auto-7) On 9 July 2014, Global Brands Group was listed on the Main Board of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (/wiki/Hong_Kong_Stock_Exchange) by way of introduction as a result of a spin-off from Li & Fung. Its business is now separate and independent from Li & Fung's trading and logistics businesses. [7] (#cite_note-auto-7) On 3 December 2014, Global Brands Group, together with David Beckham announced the launch of a joint venture, Seven Global, to drive the continued development of all consumer product categories around David Beckham. [8] (#cite_note-8) On 15 June 2016, Global Brands announced a joint venture with Creative Artists Agency for its brand management business called CAA-GBG, which instantly became a global brand management company but post serious financial loss in subsequent years. [9] (#cite_note-file.irasia.com-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) On 7 September 2016, Global Brands announced a new joint venture with Katy Perry to grow the Katy Perry brand into new consumer product categories with footwear being the first category to launch. [11] (#cite_note-11) In October 2018, Bruce Rockowitz stepped down as CEO after the sale of the company’s North American assets to Nasdaq-listed Differential Brands Group at US$1.2 billion. [12] (#cite_note-12) Richard Nixon Darling was appointed CEO and presided over the beginning of the end of the company. For financial year 2020 the company posted a loss of US$584 million vs a loss of US$388 million in 2019, widening by almost US$200 million. In a mind-boggling move, the board has allowed CEO Richard Nixon Darling's remuneration to increase more than 12-fold during this period, from US$516,000 in 2019 to US$6,592,000 in 2020. [13] (#cite_note-13) On 17 June 2021, the sale of Spyder to a Korean investor netting US$19.5 million was completed but at the same time the company issued a warning to investors over its ability to continue to trade as a going concern. [14] (#cite_note-14) On 21 July 2021, trading of the shares on the Hong Kong stock exchange was halted after it was unable to submit its year-end results. Its shares were at HKD 0.189 at the time suspension, making for a market capitalization of HKD 194.4 million, or about $25 million. [15] (#cite_note-15) On 29 July 2021, GBG USA commences voluntary Chapter 11 proceedings and is putting its apparel and footwear brands up for sale with help from a $16 million bankruptcy loan. [16] (#cite_note-16) It owed Kenneth Cole some $6 million in unsecured trade debt, roughly $3.6 million to ABG, [17] (#cite_note-17) $2 million to Sequential Brands and $860,000 Marquee Brands. The company has a $17.3 million stalking horse bid for its Aquatalia brand and is also looking to sell "a substantial portion of its remaining assets" in bankruptcy, including Ely & Walker, Airband, MagnaReady, Yarrow, B New York and Juniper unltd. The bankruptcy comes after the company sold off assets and inventory related to the Frye and Spyder brands. The brands' owner, Authentic Brands (/wiki/Authentic_Brands) , recently reassigned those licenses to new operating partners. [18] (#cite_note-18) Management [ edit ] William Fung (/wiki/William_Fung) (Chairman) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Our Offices :: Global Brands Group Holding Limited" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180926205700/https://www.globalbrandsgroup.com/about/our-offices) . www.globalbrandsgroup.com . Archived from the original (http://www.globalbrandsgroup.com/about/our-offices) on 26 September 2018 . Retrieved 26 September 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Global Brands Group is technically insolvent, despite latest asset sale" (https://insideretail.asia/2021/06/17/global-brands-group-is-technically-insolvent-despite-latest-asset-sale/) . Inside Retail . June 17, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210709190700/https://insideretail.asia/2021/06/17/global-brands-group-is-technically-insolvent-despite-latest-asset-sale/) from the original on July 9, 2021 . Retrieved July 7, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Clark, Evan (July 2, 2021). "Global Brands Shares Halted" (https://wwd.com/business-news/financial/global-brands-fashion-retail-li-fung-hong-kong-stock-halted-1234871110/) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210706154626/https://wwd.com/business-news/financial/global-brands-fashion-retail-li-fung-hong-kong-stock-halted-1234871110/) from the original on July 6, 2021 . Retrieved July 7, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Hayes, Dade (2022-04-06). "CAA Acquires Full Ownership Of Global Brands Group Joint Venture" (https://deadline.com/2022/04/caa-acquires-full-ownership-global-brand-management-group-1234995815/) . Deadline . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221009225340/https://deadline.com/2022/04/caa-acquires-full-ownership-global-brand-management-group-1234995815/) from the original on 2022-10-09 . Retrieved 2022-10-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Jaafar, Ali (2016-06-15). "CAA Creates Brand Management Joint Venture With Global Brands Group Limited Holding" (https://deadline.com/2016/06/caa-creates-brand-management-joint-venture-with-global-brands-group-limited-holding-1201773033/) . Deadline . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221009225340/https://deadline.com/2016/06/caa-creates-brand-management-joint-venture-with-global-brands-group-limited-holding-1201773033/) from the original on 2022-10-09 . Retrieved 2022-10-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Brands :: Global Brands Group Holding Limited" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180926205923/https://www.globalbrandsgroup.com/brands?cat=licensed&sub=fashion+apparel) . www.globalbrandsgroup.com . Archived from the original (http://www.globalbrandsgroup.com/brands?cat=licensed&sub=fashion+apparel) on 26 September 2018 . Retrieved 26 September 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b Listing Document, Global Brands Group, dated 26 June 2014 ^ (#cite_ref-8) http://doc.irasia.com/listco/hk/gbg/press/p141203.pdf (http://doc.irasia.com/listco/hk/gbg/press/p141203.pdf) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200228153317/http://doc.irasia.com/listco/hk/gbg/press/p141203.pdf) 2020-02-28 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) [ bare URL PDF ] ^ (#cite_ref-file.irasia.com_9-0) "Press Release" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170118052856/http://file.irasia.com/listco/hk/gbg/press/p160615.pdf) (PDF) . Archived from the original (http://file.irasia.com/listco/hk/gbg/press/p160615.pdf) (PDF) on 2017-01-18 . Retrieved 2017-01-17 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) http://www.irasia.com/listco/hk/gbg/announcement/a164061-e_businessupdate_20160829.pdf (http://www.irasia.com/listco/hk/gbg/announcement/a164061-e_businessupdate_20160829.pdf) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170118052523/http://www.irasia.com/listco/hk/gbg/announcement/a164061-e_businessupdate_20160829.pdf) 2017-01-18 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) [ bare URL PDF ] ^ (#cite_ref-11) http://file.irasia.com/listco/hk/gbg/press/p160907.pdf (http://file.irasia.com/listco/hk/gbg/press/p160907.pdf) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170118052325/http://file.irasia.com/listco/hk/gbg/press/p160907.pdf) 2017-01-18 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) [ bare URL PDF ] ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Bruce Rockowitz steps down after Global Brands sell-off" (https://insideretail.asia/2018/10/30/bruce-rockowitz-steps-down-after-global-brands-sell-off/) . Inside Retail . 2018-10-30. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210730174931/https://insideretail.asia/2018/10/30/bruce-rockowitz-steps-down-after-global-brands-sell-off/) from the original on 2021-07-30 . Retrieved 2021-07-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "FY2020 Annual Report" (https://web.archive.org/web/20210730173224/https://doc.irasia.com/listco/hk/gbg/annual/ar235757-e_fy2020annualreport.pdf) (PDF) . Archived from the original (https://doc.irasia.com/listco/hk/gbg/annual/ar235757-e_fy2020annualreport.pdf) (PDF) on 2021-07-30 . Retrieved 2021-07-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Global Brands Group is technically insolvent, despite latest asset sale" (https://insideretail.asia/2021/06/17/global-brands-group-is-technically-insolvent-despite-latest-asset-sale/) . Inside Retail . 2021-06-17. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210801230256/https://insideretail.asia/2021/06/17/global-brands-group-is-technically-insolvent-despite-latest-asset-sale/) from the original on 2021-08-01 . Retrieved 2021-07-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Yahoo Finance" (https://finance.yahoo.com/news/global-brands-shares-halted-114438441.html) . 2 July 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210730171851/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/global-brands-shares-halted-114438441.html) from the original on 30 July 2021 . Retrieved 30 July 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Scurria, Andrew (2021-07-29). "Global Brands Group's U.S. Footwear, Apparel Business Files for Bankruptcy" (https://www.wsj.com/articles/global-brands-groups-u-s-footwear-apparel-business-files-for-bankruptcy-11627572954) . Wall Street Journal . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0099-9660 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210729164016/https://www.wsj.com/articles/global-brands-groups-u-s-footwear-apparel-business-files-for-bankruptcy-11627572954) from the original on 2021-07-29 . Retrieved 2021-07-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Global Brands Group North American Arm Files for Ch. 11" (https://finance.yahoo.com/news/global-brands-group-north-american-143931629.html) . finance.yahoo.com . 29 July 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210730171849/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/global-brands-group-north-american-143931629.html) from the original on 2021-07-30 . Retrieved 2021-07-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Global Brands' US business files for bankruptcy" (https://www.retaildive.com/news/global-brands-us-business-files-for-bankruptcy/604207/) . Retail Dive . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210730164020/https://www.retaildive.com/news/global-brands-us-business-files-for-bankruptcy/604207/) from the original on 2021-07-30 . Retrieved 2021-07-30 . 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Wikimedia Commons has media related to African clothing . The main article for this category (/wiki/Help:Categories) is Clothing in Africa (/wiki/Clothing_in_Africa) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐vtbqm Cached time: 20240720183420 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.075 seconds Real time usage: 0.228 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 87/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2757/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 207/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1528/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.046/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 802941/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 215.561 1 -total 71.90% 154.987 1 Template:Commons 70.87% 152.760 1 Template:Sister_project 69.62% 150.080 1 Template:Side_box 28.02% 60.403 1 Template:Cat_main Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:5455009-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720183420 and revision id 1217105478. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 10 subcategories, out of 10 total. A Algerian clothing (/wiki/Category:Algerian_clothing) (19 P) E Eritrean clothing (/wiki/Category:Eritrean_clothing) (1 C, 8 P) Ethiopian clothing (/wiki/Category:Ethiopian_clothing) (7 P) M Masks in Africa (/wiki/Category:Masks_in_Africa) (1 C, 19 P) Moroccan clothing (/wiki/Category:Moroccan_clothing) (8 P) Mozambican clothing (/wiki/Category:Mozambican_clothing) (1 P) N Nigerian clothing (/wiki/Category:Nigerian_clothing) (12 P) S Sudanese clothing (/wiki/Category:Sudanese_clothing) (6 P) T Textile arts of Africa (/wiki/Category:Textile_arts_of_Africa) (3 C, 19 P) Tunisian clothing (/wiki/Category:Tunisian_clothing) (5 P) Pages in category "African clothing" The following 52 pages are in this category, out of 52 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . Clothing in Africa (/wiki/Clothing_in_Africa) A Abacost (/wiki/Abacost) African textiles (/wiki/African_textiles) African wax prints (/wiki/African_wax_prints) Ahenema (/wiki/Ahenema) Ahwenepa nkasa (/wiki/Ahwenepa_nkasa) Alasho (/wiki/Alasho) Aso ebi (/wiki/Aso_ebi) B Baati (garment) (/wiki/Baati_(garment)) Balgha (/wiki/Balgha) Bazin (fabric) (/wiki/Bazin_(fabric)) Bogart Man (/wiki/Bogart_Man) Bògòlanfini (/wiki/B%C3%B2g%C3%B2lanfini) D Dirac (dress) (/wiki/Dirac_(dress)) E Clothing in ancient Egypt (/wiki/Clothing_in_ancient_Egypt) F Fila (hat) (/wiki/Fila_(hat)) Fulani hat (/wiki/Fulani_hat) G Gele (head tie) (/wiki/Gele_(head_tie)) Ghanaian smock (/wiki/Ghanaian_smock) Gomesi (/wiki/Gomesi) Gowni (/wiki/Gowni) H Headscarf (/wiki/Headscarf) I Isidwaba (/wiki/Isidwaba) J Jellabiya (/wiki/Jellabiya) K Kanga (garment) (/wiki/Kanga_(garment)) Kanzu (/wiki/Kanzu) Kente cloth (/wiki/Kente_cloth) Kikoi (/wiki/Kikoi) Kiondo (/wiki/Kiondo) Kitenge (/wiki/Kitenge) Kofia (hat) (/wiki/Kofia_(hat)) Korhogo cloth (/wiki/Korhogo_cloth) Koto (traditional clothing) (/wiki/Koto_(traditional_clothing)) Kuba textiles (/wiki/Kuba_textiles) Kufi (/wiki/Kufi) L L'Oeil de Boeuf (fabric) (/wiki/L%27Oeil_de_Boeuf_(fabric)) Lamba (garment) (/wiki/Lamba_(garment)) Liputa (/wiki/Liputa) Litham (/wiki/Litham) M Madiba shirt (/wiki/Madiba_shirt) Clothing in Mauritius (/wiki/Clothing_in_Mauritius) Melhfa (/wiki/Melhfa) Mitumba (clothing) (/wiki/Mitumba_(clothing)) S Salaula (/wiki/Salaula) Senegalese kaftan (/wiki/Senegalese_kaftan) Shweshwe (/wiki/Shweshwe) T Tagelmust (/wiki/Tagelmust) Tapestry crochet (/wiki/Tapestry_crochet) V Veldskoen (/wiki/Veldskoen) Veldskoen Shoes (/wiki/Veldskoen_Shoes) W Waist beads (/wiki/Waist_beads) Wrapper (clothing) (/wiki/Wrapper_(clothing)) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:African_clothing&oldid=1217105478 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:African_clothing&oldid=1217105478) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing by country (/wiki/Category:Clothing_by_country) Culture of Africa (/wiki/Category:Culture_of_Africa) History of clothing (/wiki/Category:History_of_clothing) Hidden category: Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata) |
American leather retailer Tandy Leather Factory, Inc. Formerly The Leather Factory, Inc. [1] (#cite_note-2013AR-1) Company type Public (/wiki/Public_company) Traded as (/wiki/Ticker_symbol) OTC Pink (/wiki/OTC_Markets_Group) : TLFA (https://www.otcmarkets.com/stock/TLFA/quote) Industry Retail (/wiki/Retail) Predecessors Midas Leathercraft Tool Company Brown Group, Inc. [1] (#cite_note-2013AR-1) Founded 1919 ( 1919 ) in Fort Worth, Texas (/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas) Founders Norton Hinckley Dave L. Tandy Headquarters Fort Worth, Texas (/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas) Number of locations 108 [1] (#cite_note-2013AR-1) (2013) Area served Worldwide Key people Janet Carr ( CEO (/wiki/Chief_executive_officer) ) [2] (#cite_note-Execs-2) Mike Galvan ( CFO (/wiki/Chief_Financial_Officer) ) [2] (#cite_note-Execs-2) Daniel Ross ( GC (/wiki/General_Counsel) ) [2] (#cite_note-Execs-2) Products Leather goods and related products Revenue $78.284 million [1] (#cite_note-2013AR-1) (2013) Operating income (/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes) $11.226 million [1] (#cite_note-2013AR-1) (2013) Net income (/wiki/Net_income) $7.265 million [1] (#cite_note-2013AR-1) (2013) Total assets (/wiki/Asset) $56.398 million [1] (#cite_note-2013AR-1) (2013) Number of employees 571 [1] (#cite_note-2013AR-1) (2013) Subsidiaries (/wiki/Subsidiary) The Leather Factory, LP The Leather Factory of Canada, Ltd Tandy Leather Co., LP Tandy Leather Factory UK, Ltd. Tandy Leather Factory Australia Pty, Ltd. Tandy Leather Factory Espana, SL Website www (https://www.tandyleather.com/) .tandyleather (https://www.tandyleather.com/) .com (https://www.tandyleather.com/) Tandy Leather Factory, Inc. is an American specialty retailer and wholesale distributor of leather (/wiki/Leather) and leatherwork related products. It operates more than 100 stores worldwide. [3] (#cite_note-3) Originally part of the Tandy Corporation (/wiki/Tandy_Corporation) , Tandy Leather has gone through a series of acquisitions and mergers, eventually being sold to The Leather Factory in 2000. [4] (#cite_note-Wholly_Cow_Too-4) The Tandy Leather flagship store next to their corporate headquarters in Fort Worth, Texas also houses the Al and Ann Stohlman (/wiki/Al_and_Ann_Stohlman) Leathercraft Museum. [5] (#cite_note-5) Origin [ edit ] Tandy Leather store in Eugene, Oregon (/wiki/Eugene,_Oregon) . Tandy Leather began as a family-owned leather goods company based in Fort Worth, Texas in 1919. [6] (#cite_note-MoneyMachine-6) Norton Hinckley and Dave L. Tandy partnered to start the Hinckley-Tandy Leather Company and concentrated their efforts on selling sole leather and other supplies to shoe repair dealers in Texas. During World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) , civilian leather rationing prompted the company to move towards leatherworking as a hobby, which gave the company supply priority by providing for the armed forces. [7] (#cite_note-7) Tandy's son, Charles (/wiki/Charles_Tandy) joined the business after returning from the war in 1948. He had been tracking the growth of leathercraft through correspondence with his father and wanted to put more focus on this industry. Among his first moves was the opening of the first two retail stores in 1950 specializing exclusively in leathercraft. Norton Hinckley did not agree with the transition and the founders came to an agreement where the company split and Hinckley would continue in the shoe findings industry. [8] (#cite_note-ShoeString-8) Tandy Leather relied heavily on its formula of mail order sales, however the venture made a 100 percent return on investment the first year. Tandy had $2.9 million in sales and opened 15 stores within the first two years. The following decade was filled with rapid growth through the continuous opening of new stores and the acquisition of other handicraft companies. By 1961, Tandy Leather was operating 125 stores in 105 cities of the United States and Canada and the company name was changed to Tandy Corporation (/wiki/Tandy_Corporation) . [6] (#cite_note-MoneyMachine-6) In 1963, Tandy Corporation acquired management control of the Radio Shack (/wiki/Radio_Shack) Corporation and, after two years, Charles Tandy had turned the company's $4 million loss into a profit. During that time of recovery, the Tandy Corporation purchased common stock until they owned 85% of the outstanding Radio Shack common stock. [8] (#cite_note-ShoeString-8) In 1975, the Tandy Corporation Board of Directors announced a plan to separate Tandy's businesses into three distinct publicly held companies. The two new companies would be named Tandycrafts, Inc. and Tex Tan-Hickok, Inc. This plan was publicized as a strategy to provide intensive leadership and tailored management of the three distinct and diverse businesses of the company. With this transition, Radio Shack and Tandy Leather Company were no longer under the same corporate umbrella. [6] (#cite_note-MoneyMachine-6) The beginning of The Leather Factory [ edit ] Wray Thompson was promoted to President of Tandy Leather Company in 1976 and Dave Ferrill was promoted to the position of National Sales Manager; they oversaw 288 stores. Ron Morgan was promoted to the Eastern Divisional VP in 1977. Although they opened their 300th store that year, the popularity of Nature-Tand's products had begun to slide as reflected by their sales and profit records. Charles Tandy died unexpectedly on November 4, 1978, at the age of 60. Concurrently, key stakeholders began to question the direction of the company and Wray Thompson resigned from his position as president. [4] (#cite_note-Wholly_Cow_Too-4) Wray Thompson's future in the leathercraft (/wiki/Leathercraft) industry was uncertain, however Ron Morgan paid Wray Thompson a visit and the two colleagues began to brainstorm; before the evening was over, they had developed an informal plan for a shared new enterprise in the leathercraft industry. Initially three separate companies were set up: [4] (#cite_note-Wholly_Cow_Too-4) Midas Leathercraft Tool Company, Inc. – an importer/exporter of New Zealand made tools MT Enterprises – a partnership engaged in finding and developing customers to consult in the leathercraft industry Midas Leathercraft – a retail leathercraft store similar to that of a Tandy store, where the partners would also office. Shortly thereafter, the partners were contacted by the Scholze Tannery, a division of The Brown Group in Chattanooga, Tennessee, to solicit a consulting agreement to help Scholze join the leathercraft market. Wray Thompson and Ron Morgan departed for Chattanooga, TN in 1980 to set up the new company later to be known as The Leather Factory. Prior to their departure they hired Jon Thompson, Wray Thompson's oldest son, to begin the task of setting up Midas Leathercraft retail operations in Arlington, TX. [4] (#cite_note-Wholly_Cow_Too-4) With merchandise finally in Tennessee, Jon Thompson was called to Chattanooga as he had been waiting three months to open his own store as a dealer for The Leather Factory in Arlington, TX. Help in Tennessee was still sparse, so Jon Thompson pulled, packed and shipped his own store opening merchandise order before driving straight through from Tennessee to Texas before the freight truck arrived. [4] (#cite_note-Wholly_Cow_Too-4) By 1984, the manufacturer Ivan Leathercraft was producing over 1,000 items for Midas Leathercraft Tool Company, who then supplied those items to The Leather Factory and others. They had opened six stores and named George Hurst (/wiki/George_Hurst_(artist)) , long-time associate and ex-merchandising manager for Tandy, General Manager of The Leather Factory. [4] (#cite_note-Wholly_Cow_Too-4) Regardless of their mounting success, the Brown Group decided to sell off or close down all companies that were under $100 million annually, unprofitable or non-shoe related. The Leather Factory, consisting of six locations, was offered for sale. [4] (#cite_note-Wholly_Cow_Too-4) Midas Leathercraft purchases assets of The Leather Factory [ edit ] Through Midas Leathercraft Tool Company, the partners purchased the assets of The Leather Factory in January 1985. Midas, with just over $200,000 in assets, took on a debt of just under $1.2 million for the asset purchase of the company. Two of the six managers chose not to gamble on new owners, so Wray Thompson called on former Tandy Leather Regional Manager Clyde Angus and his son, Mark, who had run the family's western store in Pennsylvania. [4] (#cite_note-Wholly_Cow_Too-4) The Leather Factory introduced their wholesale club in 1986. Membership fees were allocated to the advertising budget which allowed the company to produce more mailing pieces and sales. By 1989, they had moved their warehouse and factory from Chattanooga to Fort Worth, TX and opened their twelfth location. [4] (#cite_note-Wholly_Cow_Too-4) By 1991, The Leather Factory had acquired American Leather Company and fourteen stores were open. [9] (#cite_note-9) Wray Thompson and Ron Morgan promoted from within to free them up from day to day buying and selling. Jon Thompson was put in charge of operations and Mark Angus, The Leather Factory leader in sales gains and profits, was promoted to Sales Manager and relocated to Ft. Worth. [4] (#cite_note-Wholly_Cow_Too-4) Greg Sartor, former President of ST Leather, was hired as the Craft Sales Manager. In 1993, The Leather Factory went public via a reverse merger on the American Stock exchange [10] (#cite_note-10) and five new Vice Presidents were named: Jon Thompson, Dave Ferrill, Mark Angus, Greg Sartor and Robin Myers Morgan. [4] (#cite_note-Wholly_Cow_Too-4) TLF purchases Tandy Leather Company [ edit ] In 1999, Tandy Leather Company closed all of its sales units and became solely a mail order/internet marketer. [11] (#cite_note-11) On November 30, 2000, The Leather Factory purchased the operating assets of Tandy Leather Company. [4] (#cite_note-Wholly_Cow_Too-4) Shannon Greene, who joined the company in 1997 as controller, was named Chief Financial Officer [12] (#cite_note-12) and The Leather Factory hired Jim Linnell (/wiki/Jim_Linnell) to develop and lead a new chain of Tandy Leather stores. [13] (#cite_note-13) In 2005, The Leather Factory name was officially changed to Tandy Leather Factory. CEO Wray Thompson stated Tandy Leather Company, founded by Charles Tandy and his father, was the first U.S. company dedicated to leathercraft. As such, we believe that Tandy’s name recognition is the best in the industry. On the other hand, The Leather Factory has provided over twenty years of stability and predictability that enabled us to purchase Tandy Leather Company several years ago. In order to accurately reflect the long-term stability of The Leather Factory while at the same time promote the name recognition of Tandy Leather Company, it makes sense to change our corporate name to Tandy Leather Factory, Inc. — Wray Thompson, CEO [14] (#cite_note-14) In 2006, Wray Thompson retired after nearly 50 years in the industry - having been president of Tandy Leather with 21 years of service and co-founder of The Leather Factory over 27 years. Ron Morgan, the company's president since 2001, was appointed the new CEO. [4] (#cite_note-Wholly_Cow_Too-4) Ron Morgan and Robin Myers Morgan both retired in 2009, with 40 and 39 years in the industry. Jon Thompson, the company's President and Chief Operating Officer, was named CEO of Tandy Leather Factory. Other executives include Mark Angus as Senior Vice President and Shannon Greene as Chief Financial Officer. [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) In 2012, Tandy opened a second European location in Cadiz, Spain. [17] (#cite_note-17) International markets were expanded further in 2011 with the opening of the first Australian combination wholesale/retail store in Minto, just outside Sydney. [18] (#cite_note-18) In 2013, Tandy opened its Flagship store next to the headquarters and Bob Moore Construction was awarded the TEXO/AGC Distinguished Building Award for the design of the glass building that can be seen from the nearby Interstate 20. [19] (#cite_note-19) The Al and Ann Stohlman (/wiki/Al_and_Ann_Stohlman) Museum has been moved to the lobby of the Tandy Leather Factory headquarters. [20] (#cite_note-20) Tandy Leather Museum & Gallery [ edit ] In the lobby of the Tandy Leather corporate headquarters in Fort Worth, Texas (/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas) , there is a public museum and art gallery featuring historic pieces of leather art, including the Al and Ann Stohlman (/wiki/Al_and_Ann_Stohlman) Collection. Other artists' work on exhibit include Ken Griffin (/wiki/Ken_Griffin) , George Hurst (/wiki/George_Hurst_(artist)) , Jim Linnell (/wiki/Jim_Linnell) , Al Shelton (/wiki/Al_Shelton) , Christine Stanley, and others. [21] (#cite_note-21) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h "2013 Annual Report" (https://materials.proxyvote.com/Approved/87538X/20140410/10K_204762/#/1/) . Tandy Leather Factory . Retrieved 7 February 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Executive Officers" (http://www.b2i.us/profiles/investor/Management.asp?BzID=1625&LangID=1&SiteID=0) . Investor Relations . Tandy Leather Factory . Retrieved 7 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Tandy Leather Factory Inc" (http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/business/companies/tandy-leather-factory-inc/index.html) . The New York Times . 1 March 2014 . Retrieved 8 February 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m Williams, Jeff (2009). Wholly Cow Too . Summit Press. ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Al & Ann Stohlman Leather Museum" (http://toolandtack.com/archives/1102) . Natalie Davis Portfolio . Retrieved 8 February 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Farman, Irvin (1992). Tandy's Money Machine . Chicago: The Mobium Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-916371-12-3 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Pitre, Boisy. CoCo The Colorful History of Tandy's Underdog Computer . Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. pp. 2–3. ^ Jump up to: a b West, James (December 1968). Tandy Corporation: Start on a Shoe String . Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Williams, Jeff (2009). Wholly Cow Too . Summit Press. p. 25. ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Horned Frog Golf Scholarships" (http://www.dowell.com/dondowell/tcu/golf96/scholar.htm) . Dowell . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Tandycrafts, Inc. History" (http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/tandycrafts-inc-history/) . Funding Universe . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Shannon L. Greene - Executive Profile" (https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=202075&ticker=TLF) . Bloomberg Business . 7 October 2014 . Retrieved 8 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) PR Newswire - "Leather Factory Hires Jim Linnell as Director of Operations for Tandy Leather" (http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/leather-factory-hires-jim-linnell-as-director-of-operations-for-tandy-leather-75469182.html) . PR Newswire . Leather Factory, Inc. Jan 15, 2002. ^ (#cite_ref-14) "THE LEATHER FACTORY, INC. RENAMED TANDY LEATHER FACTORY, INC. STOCKHOLDERS VOTE OVERWHELMING APPROVAL OF NAME CHANGE" (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/containers/fix065/909724/000090972405000023/corpname.htm) . SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Jon Thompson Takes the Reins as CEO of Tandy Leather Factory" (https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=aKALALdkHqz0) . Bloomberg . 25 June 2009 . Retrieved 8 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Tandy Leather Factory, Inc" (http://quotes.wsj.com/TLF/company-people) . The Wall Street Journal . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Tandy Leather Factory open stores in Spain" (http://www.leathermag.com/features/featuretandy-leather-factory-open-stores-in-spain/) . Leather International . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Shares Up As Tandy Leather Sales Rise" (http://www.zacks.com/stock/news/111122/Shares-Up-as-Tandy-Leather-Sales-Rise) . Zacks.com . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Bob Moore Construction Receives TEXO/AGC's Distinguished Building Award for Tandy Leather Store" (http://cooldotz.net/bob-moore-construction-receives-texo-agcs-distinguished-building-award-for-tandy-leather-store/) . Cooldotz PR . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Al & Ann Stohlman Leather Museum" (http://toolandtack.com/archives/1102) . Tool And Tack . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Museum of Leathercraft" (https://www.tandyleather.com/en/museum-of-leathercraft.html) . www.tandyleather.com . Tandy Leather . Retrieved 5 August 2018 . 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Use of vegan products in design This article possibly contains original research (/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research) . Please improve it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vegan_design&action=edit) by verifying (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) the claims made and adding inline citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations) . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. ( August 2019 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Vegan design is the use of vegan (/wiki/Veganism) products in such contexts as interior design (/wiki/Interior_design) , fashion design (/wiki/Fashion_design) , household goods (/wiki/Household_goods) [1] (#cite_note-pownall-1) and the arts (/wiki/The_arts) . Such products are also known as "humane" or "cruelty-free" and "[do] not originate from any living creature, [are] not an animal byproduct and [are] not tested on animals". [2] (#cite_note-2) Vegan design is seen as an outgrowth of the vegan food movement, based on related ethical stances and claims of sustainability (/wiki/Sustainability) . [1] (#cite_note-pownall-1) Not all designers who practice vegan design, however, agree on the underlying claims, such as those for sustainability. [3] (#cite_note-3) The first exhibition dealing with veganism took place in Eindhoven (/wiki/Eindhoven) , the Netherlands, in October 2016. During Salone Del Mobile 2018, an exhibition called Vegan Design or The Art of Reduction brought the subject to the forefront. Materials used by vegan designers are often plant-based. Examples include leather substitutes made from pineapple, and apple skins and cores. [4] (#cite_note-4) Feathers and wool may be replaced with materials from buckwheat, bamboo or cotton. [5] (#cite_note-5) References [ edit ] ^ a b Pownall, Augusta (12 February 2019). "Vegan design products will become as popular as vegan food, say designers" (https://www.dezeen.com/2019/02/12/vegan-design-popular-feature/) . de zeen . Retrieved 14 April 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "What Is Vegan Design?" (https://vegandesign.org/blog/what-is-cruelty-free-vegan-design?rq=what%20is%20vegan%20design) . DiMareDesign LLC. 12 September 2021 . Retrieved 7 April 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Cox, Sebastian (1 March 2019). " (https://www.dezeen.com/2019/03/01/sebastian-cox-vegan-design-sustainable-opinion/) "You don't have to be a vegan to live sustainably" (https://www.dezeen.com/2019/03/01/sebastian-cox-vegan-design-sustainable-opinion/) " (https://www.dezeen.com/2019/03/01/sebastian-cox-vegan-design-sustainable-opinion/) . de zeen . Retrieved 14 April 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Gilliver, Liam (3 February 2019). "French Designer Uses Apple Waste To Create Vegan Furniture" (https://www.plantbasednews.org/post/designer-uses-apple-waste-create-vegan-furniture) . Plant Based News . Retrieved 14 April 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Levy, Natasha (22 January 2019). "Bompas & Parr creates "world's first" vegan hotel suite" (https://www.dezeen.com/2019/01/22/vegan-hotel-room-worlds-first-bompas-parr-interiors-hilton-london-bankside/) . de zeen . 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Dutch womenswear designer (born 1985) Not to be confused with Michael van den Ham (/wiki/Michael_van_den_Ham) . Michael van der Ham (born 1985, Giessenburg (/wiki/Giessenburg) ) [1] (#cite_note-1) is a Dutch womenswear designer who graduated from Central Saint Martins (/wiki/Central_Saint_Martins) in 2009. [2] (#cite_note-2) He has designed costumes for Björk (/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rk) [3] (#cite_note-3) and Tori Amos (/wiki/Tori_Amos) [4] (#cite_note-4) as well as for the 2012 Summer Olympics Opening Ceremony (/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics_Opening_Ceremony) . [5] (#cite_note-5) Collaborations [ edit ] Michael van der Ham For Brora 2012. [6] (#cite_note-6) Marks & Spencer 2016 The designer stopped showing at London Fashion Week in 2015, but teamed up with Sophia Webster to design dresses to accompany her shoes for S/S 18. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Biography (http://wienerin.at/home/diva/designer/4818343/Michael-van-der-Ham) at wienerin.at ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Designers" (http://www.londonfashionweek.co.uk/designers_profile.aspx?DesignerID=1202) . London Fashion Week. 2012-09-17 . Retrieved 2012-10-31 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Michael Van Der Ham on Bjork (Vogue.com UK)" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120205023641/http://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2011/07/20/michael-van-der-ham-on-bjork) . vogue.co.uk . 2012. Archived from the original (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2011/07/20/michael-van-der-ham-on-bjork) on February 5, 2012 . Retrieved 28 October 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Now it's Michael van der Ham for Tori Amos! | Grazia Fashion" (http://www.graziadaily.co.uk/fashion/archive/2011/07/11/now-it-s-michael-van-der-ham-for-tori-amos.htm) . graziadaily.co.uk . 2012 . Retrieved 28 October 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Michael Van Der Ham Olympic Opening Ceremony Costumes Interview (Vogue.com UK)" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2012/07/30/michael-van-der-ham-olympic-opening-ceremony-costumes-interview) . Vogue.co.uk. 2012-07-30 . Retrieved 2012-10-31 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Michael Van Der Ham Brora Collection - Pictures (Vogue.com UK)" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2012/10/26/michael-van-der-ham-brora-collection---pictures) . Vogue.co.uk. 2012-10-26. External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.michaelvanderham.com) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) : Artists RKD Artists (https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/437703) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐g6r5g Cached time: 20240714082319 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.335 seconds Real time usage: 0.521 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 479/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 11489/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 612/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 23994/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.248/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4139440/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 501.525 1 -total 40.77% 204.493 1 Template:Reflist 36.17% 181.404 5 Template:Cite_web 26.74% 134.107 1 Template:Short_description 22.40% 112.331 1 Template:ACArt 14.30% 71.704 4 Template:Main_other 13.67% 68.547 1 Template:SDcat 9.43% 47.276 2 Template:Pagetype 5.39% 27.049 1 Template:Distinguish 3.82% 19.137 1 Template:Official_website Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:37475456-0!canonical and timestamp 20240714082319 and revision id 1187803895. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michael_van_der_Ham&oldid=1187803895 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michael_van_der_Ham&oldid=1187803895) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1985 births (/wiki/Category:1985_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Alumni of Central Saint Martins (/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_Central_Saint_Martins) Dutch fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Dutch_fashion_designers) People from Giessenlanden (/wiki/Category:People_from_Giessenlanden) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles with RKDartists identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_RKDartists_identifiers) |
Austrian fashion model (born 2003) Lou-Anne Gleißenebner-Teskey Born ( 2003-05-20 ) 20 May 2003 (age 21) Monte-Carlo (/wiki/Monte-Carlo) [1] (#cite_note-1) Occupation Model Modeling information Height 1.74 m (5 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) Hair color Blonde Eye color Blue Agency Visage Models (Linz) Fashion Model Management (Milan) Berta Models (Barcelona) Models Office (Brussels) Twenty Model Management (Cape Town) Lou-Anne Gleißenebner-Teskey (born May 20, 2003) is an Austrian fashion model. She is best known as the winner of the seventeenth season (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_(season_17)) of Germany's Next Topmodel (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel) . [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Lou-Anne" (https://www.prosieben.de/serien/germanys-next-topmodel-by-heidi-klum/kandidaten/lou-anne-61854) . www.prosieben.de . October 31, 2022. ^ (#cite_ref-2) " (https://kurier.at/stars/gntm-gewinnerin-lou-anne-so-tickt-die-oesterreicherin/402022383) "GNTM"-Gewinnerin Lou-Anne: So tickt die Niederösterreicherin" (https://kurier.at/stars/gntm-gewinnerin-lou-anne-so-tickt-die-oesterreicherin/402022383) . kurier.at . May 27, 2022. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Lou-Anne auf der New York Fashion Week: Für dieses Label lief die GNTM-Gewinnerin über den Laufsteg" (https://www.harpersbazaar.de/fashion/lou-anne-gntm-gewinnerin-new-york-fashion-week-2022) . www.harpersbazaar.de . September 12, 2022. v t e Germany's Next Topmodel (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel) Seasons 1 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_1) 2 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_2) 3 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_3) 4 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_4) 5 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_5) 6 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_6) 7 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_7) 8 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_8) 9 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_9) 10 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_10) 11 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_11) 12 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_12) 13 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_13) 14 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_14) 15 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_15) 16 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_16) 17 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_17) 18 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_18) 19 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_19) Contestants (/wiki/List_of_Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_contestants) Winners Lena Gercke (/wiki/Lena_Gercke) Barbara Meier (/wiki/Barbara_Meier) Jennifer Hof (/wiki/Jennifer_Hof) Sara Nuru (/wiki/Sara_Nuru) Alisar Ailabouni (/wiki/Alisar_Ailabouni) Jana Beller (/wiki/Jana_Beller) Luisa Hartema (/wiki/Luisa_Hartema) Lovelyn Enebechi (/wiki/Lovelyn_Enebechi) Stefanie Giesinger (/wiki/Stefanie_Giesinger) Vanessa Fuchs (/wiki/Vanessa_Fuchs) Kim Hnizdo (/wiki/Kim_Hnizdo) Céline Bethmann (/wiki/C%C3%A9line_Bethmann) Toni Dreher-Adenuga (/wiki/Toni_Dreher-Adenuga) Simone Kowalski (/wiki/Simone_Kowalski) Jacky Wruck (/wiki/Jacky_Wruck) Alex-Mariah Peter (/wiki/Alex-Mariah_Peter) Lou-Anne Gleißenebner-Teskey Vivien Blotzki (/wiki/Vivien_Blotzki) Other alumni Micaela Schäfer (/wiki/Micaela_Sch%C3%A4fer) Fiona Erdmann (/wiki/Fiona_Erdmann) Vanessa Hegelmaier (/wiki/Vanessa_Hegelmaier) Milla von Krockow (/wiki/Milla_von_Krockow) Gina-Lisa Lohfink (/wiki/Gina-Lisa_Lohfink) Larissa Marolt (/wiki/Larissa_Marolt) Rebecca Mir (/wiki/Rebecca_Mir) Giuliana Radermacher (/wiki/Giuliana_Farfalla) Miriam Rautert (/wiki/Miriam_Rautert) Related Die Model WG (/wiki/Die_Model_WG_(German_TV_series)) Top Model (/wiki/Top_Model) Austria's Next Topmodel (/wiki/Austria%27s_Next_Topmodel) Switzerland's Next Topmodel (/wiki/Switzerland%27s_Next_Topmodel) This biographical article about a German model is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lou-Anne_Glei%C3%9Fenebner-Teskey&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐kj6nj Cached time: 20240713095338 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.386 seconds Real time usage: 0.508 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2099/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 33590/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3357/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 27445/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.293/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6948054/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 474.134 1 -total 43.59% 206.694 1 Template:Infobox_model 20.72% 98.250 1 Template:Reflist 18.01% 85.411 3 Template:Cite_web 17.67% 83.766 1 Template:Germany's_Next_Topmodel 17.37% 82.361 2 Template:Navbox 14.13% 67.009 1 Template:Short_description 10.64% 50.453 1 Template:Infobox 8.05% 38.181 1 Template:Height 7.98% 37.841 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:74353422-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713095338 and revision id 1231332658. 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Clothing store in Innere Stadt, Austria This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Kni%C5%BEe_%26_Comp.) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Kniže & Comp." (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Kni%C5%BEe+%26+Comp.%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Kni%C5%BEe+%26+Comp.%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Kni%C5%BEe+%26+Comp.%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Kni%C5%BEe+%26+Comp.%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Kni%C5%BEe+%26+Comp.%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Kni%C5%BEe+%26+Comp.%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( February 2022 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Kniže & Comp. „C.M. Frank“ GmbH Kniže & Comp. store on Wiener Graben Headquarters Austria Website www.knize.at (http://www.knize.at/) Knize Ten fragrance for men Kniže & Comp. is a men's outfitter from Vienna, considered the first men's fashion brand in the world. The first men's fragrance series "Knize Ten" was also created by the traditional house. History [ edit ] Early years [ edit ] Kniže was founded in 1858 by the Czech tailor Josef Kniže. [1] (#cite_note-gentlemansgazette-1) He specialized in making sportswear, riding clothes and liveries. After his death in 1880, his son Josef Jr. (1851–1888) together with Johann Kallina took over the store, which was then located at Am Hof 3. In 1885, Albert Wolff, who came from Neumarkt in Pomerania, joined the company. In 1873, Kniže was awarded the "Progress Medal" at the Vienna World's Fair. From 1874 he was allowed to use the Persian as well as the Ottoman court title. His customers included the Dukes of Mecklenburg and Oldenburg, Prince Liechtenstein, and the Jockey Club. [1] (#cite_note-gentlemansgazette-1) In 1886, Kniže applied for the title of Viennese court supplier, but was refused. It was not until 1888 that Kniže received the title of "k.k. Court Tailor." Josef Kniže died in the same year, and Albert Wolff became sole proprietor. After his death in 1902, his widow Gisela and their four children Anna, Auguste, Fritz and Susanna took over the business. From 1904, the company was called Kniže & Comp. Since the court title was personal, she had to apply for the title again and pay the tax. The creative birth of the traditional brand took place in the age of the Belle Époque (/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poque) . In 1910–1913, the current store at Graben 13, one of the most famous Viennese business streets in the city center, was designed by architect Adolf Loos (/wiki/Adolf_Loos) and remains almost unchanged to this day. [2] (#cite_note-2) Loos also designed the branch in Karlovy Vary (/wiki/Karlovy_Vary) (1921), the store on Wilhelmstrasse in Berlin (1924) and the annex at 149 Champs-Elysees (/wiki/Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9es) in Paris (1927–1928). The Prague branch was designed by his collaborator Heinrich Kulka. [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) In his work Wittgenstein's Nephew , Thomas Bernhard describes a scene in Karlovy Vary when Paul Wittgenstein (/wiki/Paul_Wittgenstein) had two tailcoats made for him by Kniže. [4] (#cite_note-4) In 1915 a lingerie production was introduced and from 1922 a retail trade for men. In 1922, the Wolff family was able to recruit Ernst Dryden as an advertising consultant. With his help, Kniže became one of the top addresses in the fashion world. He transferred the image of polo to Kniže Ten products, an exclusive range of toiletries for men. The number 10 is the highest handicap in the game of polo. Another branch was opened in Bad Gastein (/wiki/Bad_Gastein) in 1937. Nazi era [ edit ] In 1935, the Wolff family changed the name of the company, owned by Frederic ("Fritz") Wolff-Knize (/wiki/Frederic_Wolff-Knize) , [5] (#cite_note-5) to Wolff-Knize. With Austria's Anschluss (/wiki/Anschluss) with the Nazi Third Reich (/wiki/Nazi_Germany) in 1938, the family was persecuted as Jews. They emigrated first to Paris, then to New York. Once there, the name was changed to Knize and, in 1941 a store was established In New York on 56th Street. Old customers, also forced to emigrate, again formed the regular clientele and remained loyal to the company. In the meantime, from 1939 to 1945, the Viennese company was run as Kniže & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft managed by the employees. During the war the store on Wilhelmstraße in Berlin was destroyed. [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) Postwar [ edit ] In the post-war period, Kniže lost its branches in Karlovy Vary and Prague due to the Soviet Union's " Iron Curtain (/wiki/Iron_Curtain) ". In 1972, the Paris branch had to be closed, and in 1974 the branch in New York. From 1976 the former trainee Rudolf Niedersüß from Upper Austria took a share in the company, in 1978 his company C. M. Frank, also a former k.u.k. court supplier, merged with Kniže & Comp. A women's collection was introduced. In 1984, Kniže opened a store for men's clothing in Bräunerstrasse, and in 1989 the store on Graben was expanded. From 1992 to 1993, architect and designer Professor Paolo Piva (/wiki/Paolo_Piva) renovated the second floor and the historic Loos salons. The neighboring former Krey bookstore was adapted into the new ladies' store. At the same time, the eldest son Bernhard Niedersüß (/w/index.php?title=Bernhard_Nieders%C3%BC%C3%9F&action=edit&redlink=1) joined the company. In 2012, a branch was reopened in Prague. Famous clients [ edit ] Artists in particular were Kniže's customers in earlier times. For example, Oskar Kokoschka (/wiki/Oskar_Kokoschka) paid for his suits with paintings, blouses were made for Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe) , shirts for Kurt Tucholsky (/wiki/Kurt_Tucholsky) , ski pants for Josephine Baker (/wiki/Josephine_Baker) , and fragrances for the famous actor James Dean (/wiki/James_Dean) . Marlene Dietrich (/wiki/Marlene_Dietrich) also had tails tailored at Kniže for her stage shows, and Billy Wilder (/wiki/Billy_Wilder) paid a long visit to the house during his last stay in Vienna. [6] (#cite_note-6) Georgia O'Keeffe (/wiki/Georgia_O%27Keeffe) had pantsuits tailored for her in the New York store. Customers also included Maurice Chevalier (/wiki/Maurice_Chevalier) as well as Laurence Olivier (/wiki/Laurence_Olivier) , Willi Forst (/wiki/Willi_Forst) and Fritz Lang (/wiki/Fritz_Lang) , and primarily business leaders and aristocrats such as King Juan Carlos (/wiki/King_Juan_Carlos) of Spain. The Nazi Gauleiter of Vienna, Baldur von Schirach (/wiki/Baldur_von_Schirach) , was also a customer of the house.. References [ edit ] ^ a b Schneider, Sven Raphael. "Knize & Impressions from Vienna" (https://www.gentlemansgazette.com/knize-impressions-vienna/) . www.gentlemansgazette.com . Retrieved 2021-11-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Wien, Graben. "Knize & Comp" (https://grabenwien.at/en/shops/knize--comp/) . grabenwien.at (in German) . Retrieved 2022-02-19 . ^ a b "Knize Herrenausstatter" (https://www.geschichtewiki.wien.gv.at/Knize_Herrenausstatter) . www.geschichtewiki.wien.gv.at (in German (formal address)) . Retrieved 2021-11-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Bernhard, Thomas. Wittgenstein's nephew : a friendship . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-571-35580-8 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1120058056 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1120058056) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Lost Art Internet Database - Provenienzforschung zur NS-Raubkunst - Wolff-Knize, Friedrich "Fritz" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150202092106/http://www.lostart.de/Content/051_ProvenienzRaubkunst/DE/Sammler/W/Wolff-Knize,%20Friedrich.html) " (https://web.archive.org/web/20150202092106/http://www.lostart.de/Content/051_ProvenienzRaubkunst/DE/Sammler/W/Wolff-Knize,%20Friedrich.html) (in German). Archived from the original (http://www.lostart.de/Content/051_ProvenienzRaubkunst/DE/Sammler/W/Wolff-Knize,%20Friedrich.html) on 2 February 2015 . Retrieved 2022-02-19 . 1938 erfolgte die kommissarische Verwaltung der Firma „Knize & Comp."; 1941 Beschlagnahmung des Übersiedlungslifts und Veräußerung über die Vugesta (/wiki/Vugesta) . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Roland Mischke (12 July 2003). "Hier war der Kaiser Kunde" (http://www.handelsblatt.com/journal/nachrichten/hier-war-der-kaiser-kunde;643276) . Handelsblatt . Retrieved 4 February 2009 . Literature [ edit ] Reinhard Engel: Luxus aus Wien I. Czernin Verlag, Wien 2001. ISBN 3-7076-0121-8 Ingrid Haslinger: Kunde – Kaiser. Die Geschichte der ehemaligen k. u. k. Hoflieferanten . Schroll, Wien 1996, ISBN 3-85202-129-4. János Kalmár, Mella Waldstein: K.u.K. Hoflieferanten Wiens . Stocker, Graz 2001, ISBN 3-7020-0935-3. S. 114–119. Oswald M. Klotz: Die Diskretion ist Schneidersache. Knize und Frank: Abglanz alter Zeiten . In: Die Presse (/wiki/Die_Presse) . K.u.k. Hoflieferanten heute (IV)/7. Jänner 1977. Anna Maria Wallner (3 October 2008). "Bitte zur Anprobe: Maßanzüge aus dem Hause Knize" (http://diepresse.com/home/leben/mode/419676/index.do) . Die Presse . Retrieved 23 March 2009 . Der Wiener Herrenausstatter Knize wird 150 Jahre alt. Ein guter Grund, über den Maßanzug nachzudenken, über die Rivalität zwischen Italienern und Briten und über die Rolle von James Bond. Anna Maria Wallner (19 October 2008). "Knize: Wechseljahre eines Herrenschneiders" (http://diepresse.com/home/panorama/oesterreich/423691/index.do?from=simarchiv) . Die Presse . Retrieved 23 March 2009 . Der Herrenausstatter Knize feiert Anfang November Geburtstag. Eigentümer Rudolf Niedersüß hält Werte wie Tradition und Qualität immer noch hoch, sorgt sich aber um die Zukunft des Hauses. External links [ edit ] Webpräsenz des Mode-Ateliers KNIZE (http://www.knize.at/) 48°12′30.6″N 16°22′11″E / 48.208500°N 16.36972°E / 48.208500; 16.36972 NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5b8f7f4b65‐qq8rs Cached time: 20240623160015 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.300 seconds Real time usage: 0.427 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1664/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 30987/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 839/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 31315/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.202/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7005714/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 388.614 1 -total 28.92% 112.387 1 Template:Infobox_company 25.74% 100.018 7 Template:Cite_web 22.75% 88.392 1 Template:Infobox 17.07% 66.345 1 Template:Short_description 16.97% 65.964 1 Template:More_citations_needed 15.70% 61.010 1 Template:Ambox 9.65% 37.504 2 Template:Pagetype 8.30% 32.258 5 Template:Main_other 5.21% 20.238 1 Template:Coord Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:69222179-0!canonical and timestamp 20240623160015 and revision id 1211487729. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kniže_%26_Comp.&oldid=1211487729 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kniže_%26_Comp.&oldid=1211487729) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Companies based in Vienna (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Vienna) Purveyors to the Imperial and Royal Court (/wiki/Category:Purveyors_to_the_Imperial_and_Royal_Court) Innere Stadt (/wiki/Category:Innere_Stadt) Companies acquired from Jews under Nazi rule (/wiki/Category:Companies_acquired_from_Jews_under_Nazi_rule) Hidden categories: CS1 German-language sources (de) (/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)) CS1 German (formal address)-language sources (de-formal) (/wiki/Category:CS1_German_(formal_address)-language_sources_(de-formal)) Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas (/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles needing additional references from February 2022 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_February_2022) All articles needing additional references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references) Coordinates on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata) |
Petersham ribbon , also called Petersham facing or simply Petersham , is a thick, stiff, flexible corded ribbon (/wiki/Ribbon#Cloth_ribbon) usually made out of either cotton (/wiki/Cotton) , rayon (/wiki/Rayon) , viscose (/wiki/Viscose) , or a cotton/ rayon or viscose blend of fibres (/wiki/Fibres) and used as facing (/wiki/Facing_(sewing)) by milliners (/wiki/Millinery) and tailors (/wiki/Tailors) . Petersham is frequently watered (/wiki/Moire_(fabric)) on both sides and comes with a scalloped edge. It is woven so that once steamed, it will take on and support a particular curve of fabric (/wiki/Textile) . This makes it useful for obtaining a smooth edge on the brim of a hat, for example, without forming puckers or wrinkles which would result from the use of traditional flat ribbon or other flat fabric. [1] (#cite_note-1) It is also useful as an alternative to bias tape (/wiki/Bias_tape) for making fabric conform closely to the shape of the body wearing it— in a corset (/wiki/Corset) , for example, or along the waistline of a pair of trousers or a skirt. Petersham is utilized in couture sewing (/wiki/Haute_couture) as a form of interfacing as way to stabilize waistbands. [2] (#cite_note-2) Petersham is very similar to grosgrain (/wiki/Grosgrain) ribbon in appearance: both have closely spaced horizontal ridges, but Petersham has a flexible picot (/wiki/Picot) edge allowing it to be shaped with an iron, whereas grosgrain cannot be shaped this way. [3] (#cite_note-3) Petersham is named after the eighteenth century English lord Viscount Petersham (/wiki/Charles_Stanhope,_4th_Earl_of_Harrington) who invented an overcoat and breeches made of a special heavy woollen cloth with a round nap surface. [4] (#cite_note-4) For this reason, "Petersham" is often (but not always) capitalized. See also [ edit ] Grosgrain (/wiki/Grosgrain) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Sanders-Forge, Erica; Neukam, Judith; Fresia, Carol; et al., eds. (2011). Threads sewing guide . Newtown, CT: Taunton. p. 204. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-60085-144-5 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Shaeffer, Claire B. (1994). Couture sewing techniques . Newton, CT: Taunton Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0942391888 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 28421993 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/28421993) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Betzina, Sandra (2000). Huxley, Susan (ed.). Power sewing step-by-step . Newtown, CT: Taunton. p. 72. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1-56158-363-4 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Norris, Herbert; Curtis, Oswald (1998). Nineteenth-century costume and fashion . Minneola, NY: Dover. p. 44. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0486402925 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.canary‐86b57bf869‐zv7sx Cached time: 20240626130457 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.131 seconds Real time usage: 0.158 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 323/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 7303/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 80/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 15972/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.083/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2994125/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 133.794 1 Template:Reflist 100.00% 133.794 1 -total 83.96% 112.333 4 Template:Cite_book 1.35% 1.810 1 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:36314390-0!canonical and timestamp 20240626130457 and revision id 1115101031. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Petersham_ribbon&oldid=1115101031 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Petersham_ribbon&oldid=1115101031) " Category (/wiki/Help:Category) : Textile closures (/wiki/Category:Textile_closures) |
New Zealand fashion designer Emilia Wickstead Born June 1983 (age 40–41) Auckland (/wiki/Auckland) , New Zealand Education Central Saint Martins (/wiki/Central_Saint_Martins) Occupation fashion designer Known for graceful, understated elegance Notable work for Samantha Cameron (/wiki/Samantha_Cameron) , The Princess of Wales (/wiki/Catherine,_Princess_of_Wales) Parent Angela Wickstead (mother) Awards Red Carpet Designer of the Year Award (2014) Emilia Wickstead (born June 1983) is a New Zealand fashion designer based in London, England. In 2014 she won the Red Carpet Designer of the Year Award at the Elle Style Awards (/wiki/Elle_Style_Awards) , and her clients include Samantha Cameron (/wiki/Samantha_Cameron) , and the Princess of Wales (/wiki/Catherine,_Princess_of_Wales) . [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Early life [ edit ] Melania Trump (/wiki/Melania_Trump) in a forest green Emilia Wickstead crepe dress, May 2019 Wickstead was born in June 1983, [2] (#cite_note-2) in Auckland (/wiki/Auckland) , New Zealand to Angela Wickstead, a designer with a boutique in Parnell. (/wiki/Parnell,_New_Zealand) [3] (#cite_note-3) At the age of 14 she and her mother moved to Milan (/wiki/Milan) , Italy. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Wickstead studied fashion design and marketing at Central Saint Martins (/wiki/Central_Saint_Martins) art school in London and interned in New York at Giorgio Armani (/wiki/Giorgio_Armani_Corporation) and Vogue magazine. (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) [5] (#cite_note-:2-5) Career [ edit ] At the age of 24, Wickstead's boyfriend gave her £5,000 to start her business. She created a small collection of clothes and held showings for family and friends in her living room, taking orders for made-to-measure items. [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) Her work was featured in Tatler (/wiki/Tatler) and UK Vogue magazines, and she was able to expand, opening a store in Belgravia (/wiki/Belgravia) , and employing a team of seamstresses. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) [5] (#cite_note-:2-5) She had her first showing at London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) in 2012, and holds shows and consultations in New Zealand, New York and Milan. [5] (#cite_note-:2-5) [6] (#cite_note-:3-6) Wickstead's style has been described as "graceful", "understated elegance" and her choice of colours as "pretty but not saccharine". [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) [7] (#cite_note-7) In May 2018, Wickstead claimed that the wedding dress of Meghan Markle (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Meghan_Markle) was "identical" to one of her designs. [8] (#cite_note-8) In November 2023, Air New Zealand (/wiki/Air_New_Zealand) announced that Wickstead would be their "future uniform designer" for the new crew uniform. [9] (#cite_note-9) Recognition [ edit ] Shortlisted for the BFC/Vogue Fashion Fund in 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016 Shortlisted for a British Fashion Award (/wiki/British_Fashion_Awards) for New Establishment Designer in 2014 and 2015 Won the Walpole Award for Brands of Tomorrow 2015 Shortlisted for the Veuve Clicquot Business Woman Award 2015 Won Elle magazine’s Style Award for Red Carpet Designer of the Year 2014 BFC Fashion Trust recipient 2014. [6] (#cite_note-:3-6) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c Walker, Zoe (1 July 2010). "Profile: Emilia Wickstead" (http://www.nzherald.co.nz/lifestyle/news/article.cfm?c_id=6&objectid=10655436) . New Zealand Herald . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1170-0777 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1170-0777) . Retrieved 18 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Wickstead Gargiulo Limited Officers (free information from Companies House)" (https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/06449036/officers) . beta.companieshouse.gov.uk . Retrieved 19 March 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "How Emilia Wickstead conquered fashion" (http://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/fashion/78018574/fashion-designer-emilia-wickstead-shares-how-she-broke-into-the-business) . Stuff . 17 March 2016 . Retrieved 18 May 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Mower, Sarah (4 June 2013). "London Calling: Who Is (http://www.vogue.com/867685/london-calling-who-is-emilia-wickstead/) Emilia Wickstead?" (http://www.vogue.com/867685/london-calling-who-is-emilia-wickstead/) . Vogue . Retrieved 18 May 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Emilia Wickstead" (http://www.thearts.co.nz/artists/emilia-wickstead) . The Arts Foundation . 26 September 2015 . Retrieved 18 May 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b "London Fashion Week - Emilia Wickstead" (http://www.londonfashionweek.co.uk/designers_profile.aspx?DesignerID=1834) . www.londonfashionweek.co.uk . Retrieved 18 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Codinha, Alessandra (16 October 2014). "From Kate Middleton to Young Hollywood: Emilia Wickstead Brings Sloane Square Style to the Red Carpet" (http://www.vogue.com/3056081/emilia-wickstead-american-debut/) . Vogue . Retrieved 18 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Kate Middleton's favourite fashion designer rips into Meghan Markle's wedding dress" (https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/emilia-wickstead-meghan-markle-wedding-dress-copy-identical-givenchy-clare-waight-keller-a8370396.html) . Independent.co.uk (/wiki/Independent.co.uk) . 26 May 2018 . Retrieved 28 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Beckett, Tyson (6 November 2023). "Air New Zealand reveals royal favourite Emilia Wickstead to design new uniforms" (https://www.stuff.co.nz/travel/301000501/air-new-zealand-reveals-royal-favourite-emilia-wickstead-to-design-new-uniforms) . Stuff . Retrieved 6 November 2023 . External links [ edit ] Media related to Emilia Wickstead (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Emilia_Wickstead) at Wikimedia Commons NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐lpnlk Cached time: 20240719121636 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.271 seconds Real time usage: 0.432 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2148/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 21694/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1513/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 36471/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.162/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6190137/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 364.605 1 -total 38.10% 138.904 1 Template:Infobox_person 32.15% 117.221 1 Template:Reflist 19.85% 72.360 1 Template:Cite_news 17.42% 63.498 1 Template:Short_description 14.99% 54.642 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 12.51% 45.614 1 Template:Birth_year_and_age 9.88% 36.014 2 Template:Pagetype 8.02% 29.236 18 Template:Main_other 7.90% 28.806 8 Template:Cite_web Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:50570086-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719121636 and revision id 1183729625. 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Danish fashion model Mathilde Henning Henning walking for Paco Rabanne (/wiki/Paco_Rabanne) in 2019 Born Mathilde Sofie Hess Henning [6] (#cite_note-elle-6) ( 2002-01-20 ) 20 January 2002 (age 22) [7] (#cite_note-7) Vejle (/wiki/Vejle) , Denmark (/wiki/Denmark) [6] (#cite_note-elle-6) Nationality Danish (/wiki/Danes) Modeling information Height 5 ft 10 in (178 cm) [1] (#cite_note-scoop-models-1) Hair color Brown [1] (#cite_note-scoop-models-1) Eye color Blue-green [1] (#cite_note-scoop-models-1) Agency Women Management (/wiki/Women_Management) (Milan, New York, and Paris) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) Premier Model Management (London) [5] (#cite_note-5) Scoop Models (Copenhagen) (mother agency) [1] (#cite_note-scoop-models-1) Mathilde Sofie Hess Henning is a Danish fashion model. Models.com described Henning as a "Danish dream." [8] (#cite_note-top-newcomers-8) Career [ edit ] Mathilde Henning walking for Roberto Cavalli (/wiki/Roberto_Cavalli) in 2022 Henning began modelling in Copenhagen (/wiki/Copenhagen) , for Danish brands like Ganni (/wiki/Ganni) , and appeared on the cover of the British fashion magazine i-D (/wiki/I-D) , photographed by David Sims (/wiki/David_Sims_(photographer)) . [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) On the runway, she opened for Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(brand)) as an exclusive during Paris Fashion Week (/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week) and appeared in an editorial for Vogue Paris (/wiki/Vogue_Paris) , photographed by Christian MacDonald. [11] (#cite_note-11) She appeared on the decennial (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/decennial) cover of Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) Denmark . [6] (#cite_note-elle-6) Models.com selected her as having one of the best "breakout seasons" on the runway for 2019, having walked for designers including: Tom Ford (/wiki/Tom_Ford) , Versace (/wiki/Versace) , Saint Laurent, and Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) . [8] (#cite_note-top-newcomers-8) Personal life [ edit ] Since October 2020, Henning has been in a relationship with Niklas Fraaby. [12] (#cite_note-12) In June 2023, Henning disclosed that she is dyslexic (/wiki/Dyslexia) . [13] (#cite_note-13) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d "MATHILDE HENNING" (https://scoopmodels.com/model/mathilde-henning) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "WOMEN MILAN" (https://www.womenmanagement.com/milan/women-women/6033-mathilde-henning.web) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "WOMEN NEW YORK" (https://www.womenmanagement.com/new-york/women/6033-mathilde-henning.web) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "WOMEN PARIS" (https://www.womenmanagement.com/paris/women/6033-mathilde-henning.web) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "MATHILDE HENNING" (https://www.premiermodelmanagement.com/women/image/4762-mathilde-henning) . ^ Jump up to: a b c Hoffmann Andersen, Nikita (8 October 2018). "Top model Mathilde Henning is ELLE's cover model and Denmark's new top model" (https://www.elle.dk/mode/nyheder/mathilde-henning-er-elles-forsidemodel-og-danmarks-nye-topmodel) . Elle Denmark (in Danish). ^ (#cite_ref-7) "20" (https://www.instagram.com/p/CY9d0CaO5ue) . ^ Jump up to: a b "Mathilde Henning" (https://models.com/mdx/top-newcomers-s-s-2019/?sec=breakout-season&sl=12) . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "MATHILDE HENNING" (https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/mathilde_henning) . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Okwodu, Janelle (9 August 2017). "Danish Models Are Having a Moment, Just in Time for Copenhagen Fashion Week" (https://www.vogue.com/article/new-danish-models-to-know-now-copenhagen-fashion-week) . Vogue . Condé Nast. ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Meet Mathilde Henning, the model that opened for Saint Laurent" (https://www.vogue.fr/fashion/top-models/articles/meet-mathilde-henning-the-model-that-opened-for-saint-laurent/60892) . Vogue Paris . Les Publications Condé Nast. ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Best 2 years of my life! I love you forever!" (https://www.instagram.com/p/CjvXdVjNBGf) . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Mathilde Henning (8 June 2023). "VISITING TOKYO FOR THE FIRST TIME!" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F_6wwWg54zI) – via YouTube. 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Australian fashion designer Camilla Franks Camilla Franks in 2013 Born ( 1976-03-14 ) 14 March 1976 (age 48) Sydney (/wiki/Sydney) , Australia Occupation Fashion Designer (/wiki/Fashion_Designer) Years active 2004–present Partner JP Jones Children 1 Website camilla (http://camilla.com) .com (http://camilla.com) Camilla Franks (born 14 March 1976) is an Australian fashion designer, known for her bright kaftan designs and resort-wear. Early life [ edit ] Born in Sydney, Franks' mother was a model who ended up as a fashion buyer, and her father was an architect. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) The family would take Summer holidays to Fraser Island (/wiki/Fraser_Island) where Franks and her brother would swim and catch lizards. [2] (#cite_note-:3-2) Franks' younger brother Ben fell to his death at the age of 14 from the top of Watsons Bay (/wiki/Watsons_Bay) 's clifftops, leaving Franks grief stricken. Pouring herself into work to try and cope, she tried various careers such as events planning, advertising and then theatre acting. Creating costumes for some of her performances out of old saris and kimonos, her garments garnered praise and started Franks on a path into fashion design. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) Franks took her fashion cues from her mother and her grandmother who always wore a kimono, kaftan or a headscarf. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) As a teenager, Franks spent a year in London (/wiki/London) where she first met her now partner, JP Jones. [2] (#cite_note-:3-2) Career [ edit ] Inspired by travel and different exotic design techniques, Franks founded fashion brand, Camilla, in 2004 at Bondi Beach (/wiki/Bondi_Beach) in Australia. [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) [5] (#cite_note-:4-5) Within a year, luxury department store David Jones (/wiki/David_Jones_(department_store)) stocked her collection. Known for her luxury bright kaftan designs, her creations have been worn by celebrities such as Oprah Winfrey (/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey) and Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) . [6] (#cite_note-6) The Camilla brand is now sold around the world and has branched out from creating just kaftans to now include accessories, home-wears and ready-to-wear. [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) [5] (#cite_note-:4-5) Camilla store in Karrinyup Shopping Centre (/wiki/Karrinyup_Shopping_Centre) The Camilla brand stores have been targeted by a series of robberies over the years. On one occasion, the thieves stole $240,000 worth of garments from the Bondi store. [7] (#cite_note-7) In January 2023, Tattarang (/wiki/Tattarang) took a minority stake in Camilla in a deal reported to be worth around $40 million. [8] (#cite_note-8) Franks has co-designed ranges and been an ambassador for companies such as Designer Rugs, Linen House, Austral Bricks, Ovvio Organics and Pommery Champagne. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) In 2011, Franks was a guest on the TV shows, Beauty and the Geek (/wiki/Beauty_and_the_Geek_Australia) and Project Runway Australia (/wiki/Project_Runway_Australia) as a judge. In 2013 Franks was featured in an episode of Australia's Next Top Model (/wiki/Australia%27s_Next_Top_Model) . [13] (#cite_note-13) In 2021, Franks was a contestant on Celebrity Apprentice Australia (/wiki/The_Celebrity_Apprentice_Australia) , and was the ninth to be "fired" in the series. [14] (#cite_note-14) In 2022, Franks guest starred on the series The White Lotus (/wiki/The_White_Lotus) , she appeared in episode 6 as herself. Personal life [ edit ] Franks at Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Australia in 2012 Franks was diagnosed with stage three breast cancer in January 2018, just months after she gave birth to her daughter. The cancer required her to have her ovaries removed and she stated she wished she had frozen her eggs earlier in life. After a double mastectomy (/wiki/Mastectomy) in late 2018, Franks was determined to try for a second baby but sadly suffered five unsuccessful rounds of IVF (/wiki/In_vitro_fertilisation) . [15] (#cite_note-15) Franks became engaged to Welsh artist and musician, JP Jones, in 2016 and the couple planned to marry in 2017 but her cancer diagnosis put that on hold. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) The couple have known each other for over 25 years, meeting in a club in London. [16] (#cite_note-16) Australian designer Carla Zampatti (/wiki/Carla_Zampatti) is one of Franks' fashion inspirations, alongside Vivienne Westwood (/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood) and Frida Kahlo (/wiki/Frida_Kahlo) . [17] (#cite_note-17) Franks practices Buddhism. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Franks and her family reside in an 1800s Victorian terrace in Woollahra (/wiki/Woollahra) . [18] (#cite_note-18) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c Gemmell, Nikki (18 June 2016). "Q&A Camilla Franks" (https://www.theaustralian.com.au/weekend-australian-magazine/q--a-camilla-franks/news-story/6f1969612f3e958bd4da577c85058715#q&a) . The Australian (/wiki/The_Australian) . Retrieved 17 June 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Fashion designer Camilla Franks: Five places that made me" (https://www.traveller.com.au/fashion-designer-camilla-franks-five-places-that-made-me-gw0154) . Traveller . 10 May 2017 . Retrieved 17 June 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b Green, Georgia (7 June 2020). "Camilla Franks: 'I needed to stay alive for my baby' (https://www.you.co.uk/camilla-franks-i-needed-to-stay-alive-for-my-baby/) " (https://www.you.co.uk/camilla-franks-i-needed-to-stay-alive-for-my-baby/) . YOU Magazine . Retrieved 17 June 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "The Story of Camilla" (https://camilla.com/pages/the-story-of-camilla) . Camilla eBoutique (US) . Retrieved 17 June 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b Stilinovic, Milly. "How Australia's Kaftan Queen Camilla Franks Built A Multimillion Dollar Brand Chasing Risks" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/millystilinovic/2017/01/09/how-australias-kaftan-queen-camilla-franks-built-a-multimillion-dollar-brand-chasing-risks/) . Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) . Retrieved 17 June 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Waterhouse, Kate (28 September 2016). "Camilla Franks on attracting Beyonce and Oprah and fighting fashion 'copycats' (https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/celebrity/camilla-franks-on-attracting-beyonce-and-oprah-and-fighting-fashion-copycats-20160926-gromyf.html) " (https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/celebrity/camilla-franks-on-attracting-beyonce-and-oprah-and-fighting-fashion-copycats-20160926-gromyf.html) . Sydney Morning Herald (/wiki/Sydney_Morning_Herald) . Retrieved 17 June 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Power, Julie (12 October 2016). "Camilla Franks' Bondi Beach store targeted in robbery" (https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/camilla-franks-bondi-beach-store-targeted-in-robbery-20161012-gs0c0i.html) . Sydney Morning Herald . Retrieved 17 June 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Koehn, Emma (27 January 2023). "Forrest family backs Australian fashion brand Camilla" (https://www.smh.com.au/business/companies/welcome-to-the-white-lotus-forrest-family-backs-australian-fashion-brand-camilla-20230126-p5cfom.html) . Sydney Morning Herald . Retrieved 28 April 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Austral Bricks partner with Camilla Franks in unlikely pairing" (https://theinteriorsaddict.com/austral-bricks-fashions-camilla-franks-in-unlikely-pairing) . The Interiors Addict . 3 December 2014 . Retrieved 17 June 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Camilla - Designer Rugs" (https://www.designerrugs.com.au/designer-collections/camilla/) . Retrieved 17 June 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Collaborations" (https://au.camilla.com/pages/collaborations) . Camilla eBoutique (AU) . Retrieved 17 June 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "About Us - Learn More - Explore" (https://www.linenhouse.com/explore/learn-more/about-us) . www.linenhouse.com . Retrieved 17 June 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Camilla Franks" (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2728796/) . IMDb (/wiki/IMDb) . Retrieved 17 June 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Camilla Franks 'gutted' by budget mistake that led Lord Alan Sugar to fire her" (https://9now.nine.com.au/celebrity-apprentice-australia/exclusive-camilla-franks-fired-exit-interview-celebrity-apprentice-australia-2021/282a7318-b08d-4efc-9e46-e62c5c84b004) . 9now.nine.com.au . Retrieved 17 June 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Singer, Melissa (29 May 2021). "Camilla Franks: I regret not freezing my eggs" (https://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/fashion/camilla-franks-i-regret-not-freezing-my-eggs-when-i-had-the-chance-20210524-p57umg.html) . Sydney Morning Herald . Retrieved 17 June 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "How Camilla Franks' fiance helped her through her toughest battle" (https://www.newidea.com.au/camilla-franks-husband) . New Idea (/wiki/New_Idea) . Retrieved 17 June 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Gordon, Georgie (29 May 2021). "Camilla: I'm proud of my moniker, but my style has evolved" (https://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/fashion/camilla-franks-i-m-proud-of-my-moniker-but-my-style-has-evolved-20210526-p57v7z.html) . The Sydney Morning Herald . Retrieved 17 June 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Rocca, Jane (24 May 2021). " (https://www.domain.com.au/living/its-my-happy-place-inside-fashion-designer-camilla-franks-colourful-woollahra-home-1057126/) 'It's my happy place': Inside fashion designer Camilla Franks' colourful Woollahra home" (https://www.domain.com.au/living/its-my-happy-place-inside-fashion-designer-camilla-franks-colourful-woollahra-home-1057126/) . Domain . Retrieved 17 June 2021 . 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Not to be confused with the children's novel White Boots (/wiki/White_Boots) . White's Boots, Inc. Company type Private Industry Apparel (/wiki/Apparel) and footwear (/wiki/Footwear) Founded Pre-Civil War ( Pre-Civil War ) Founder Otto White family Headquarters Spokane, Washington (/wiki/Spokane,_Washington) , U.S. Website whitesboots (https://whitesboots.com) .com (https://whitesboots.com) White's Boots is an American shoemaking company based in Spokane, Washington (/wiki/Spokane,_Washington) that specializes in making handcrafted leather work boots. The company produces their handcrafted shoes in the U.S. using American sourced leather and materials. [1] (#cite_note-1) History [ edit ] White's originally began before the American Civil War (/wiki/American_Civil_War) as a family business that crafted boots for loggers in Virginia. In 1902 the company relocated to St. Maries, Idaho (/wiki/St._Maries,_Idaho) and then settled in Spokane 13 years later. After moving to the inland northwest region of the United States (/wiki/Inland_Northwest_(United_States)) , White's began selling their boots primarily to members of the forest industry. [2] (#cite_note-KXLY-2) Following years of service, the company established itself in the area, and became a popular item among loggers (/wiki/Loggers) , construction workers (/wiki/Construction_workers) , and Wildland firefighters (/wiki/Wildland_firefighter) . The boots have become especially popular among Wildland Firefighters, and their most popular style is a boot called the "Smoke Jumper" which was created specifically to fulfill the needs of Wildland Firefighters. [3] (#cite_note-3) More recently the company has drawn interest from members of the fashion community, as there has been a renewed interest in obtaining Americana (/wiki/Americana_(culture)) wear. [4] (#cite_note-4) Buyout [ edit ] In July 2014, White's Boots was sold to LaCrosse Footwear (/wiki/LaCrosse_Footwear) of Portland, Oregon, which also owns Danner Boots (/wiki/Danner_Boots) . LaCrosse Footwear's chief financial officer, Kirk Layton, cited the made-in-America heritage of White's Boots as a motivating factor for the buyout. LaCrosse Footwear is itself owned by Tokyo-based retailer ABC-Mart. [5] (#cite_note-5) See also [ edit ] Red Wing Shoes (/wiki/Red_Wing_Shoes) West Coast Shoe Company (/wiki/West_Coast_Shoe_Company) LaCrosse Footwear (/wiki/LaCrosse_Footwear) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Construction" (https://whitesboots.com/construction/) . 21 April 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-KXLY_2-0) "Made In The Northwest: White's Boots" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=525qvmgO4Qs) . 24 April 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Kramer, Becky (18 June 2000). "Boots of armor White's Boots Inc. keeps its customers satisfied by producing; sturdy, comfortable boots that can handle nearly any situation,; from forest fires to aluminum smelters to construction sites". Spokesman Review . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Keeps, David A. (18 March 2007). "Men's style with a swagger" (http://www.latimes.com/features/image/la-ig-frontier18mar18,0,6804444.story) . Los Angeles Times . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Sowa, Tom (22 July 2014). "White's Boots of Spokane sold to Portland's LaCrosse Footwear" (http://www.spokesman.com/stories/2014/jul/22/whites-boots-of-spokane-sold-to-portlands/) . The Spokesman-Review . 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Rendering was triggered because: unknown esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=White%27s_Boots&oldid=1141620085 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=White%27s_Boots&oldid=1141620085) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Shoe companies of the United States (/wiki/Category:Shoe_companies_of_the_United_States) Companies based in Spokane, Washington (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Spokane,_Washington) |
British fashion model and relative of the extended Royal family Lady Amelia Windsor Lady Amelia at Buckingham Palace (/wiki/Buckingham_Palace) in 2012 Born ( 1995-08-24 ) 24 August 1995 (age 28) Cambridge (/wiki/Cambridge) , England Alma mater University of Edinburgh (/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh) Occupation Model Parents George Windsor, Earl of St Andrews (/wiki/George_Windsor,_Earl_of_St_Andrews) (father) Sylvana Tomaselli (/wiki/Sylvana_Tomaselli) (mother) Family House of Windsor (/wiki/House_of_Windsor) Lady Amelia Sophia Theodora Mary Margaret Windsor (born 24 August 1995) is a British fashion model and relative of the British royal family (/wiki/British_royal_family) . She is currently 43rd in the line of succession (/wiki/Succession_to_the_British_throne) to the British throne, as of May 2023. She is a granddaughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent (/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Kent) , so she is consequently a great-great-granddaughter of George V (/wiki/George_V_of_the_United_Kingdom) and Queen Mary (/wiki/Mary_of_Teck) ; she is a second cousin once removed of Charles III (/wiki/Charles_III) . Early life and family [ edit ] Amelia Sophia Theodora Mary Margaret Windsor was born on 24 August 1995 at the Rosie Hospital (/wiki/Rosie_Hospital) in Cambridge (/wiki/Cambridge) . She was christened in December 1995 at Chapel Royal (/wiki/Chapel_Royal#St_James's_Palace) , St James's Palace (/wiki/St_James%27s_Palace) . [1] (#cite_note-1) She is the youngest child of George Windsor, Earl of St Andrews (/wiki/George_Windsor,_Earl_of_St_Andrews) , and his wife, Sylvana Tomaselli (/wiki/Sylvana_Tomaselli) . [2] (#cite_note-auto-2) Her paternal grandfather, Prince Edward, Duke of Kent (/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Kent) , [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) is a first cousin of Elizabeth II (/wiki/Elizabeth_II) [5] (#cite_note-5) and her father is a second cousin of Charles III (/wiki/Charles_III) . Her paternal great grandparents were Prince George, Duke of Kent (/wiki/Prince_George,_Duke_of_Kent) , and Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark (/wiki/Princess_Marina_of_Greece_and_Denmark) , a granddaughter of George I of Greece (/wiki/George_I_of_Greece) and first cousin of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (/wiki/Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh) . Her paternal great-great grandparents were George V (/wiki/George_V) and Mary of Teck (/wiki/Mary_of_Teck) . Her paternal grandmother, Katharine, Duchess of Kent (/wiki/Katharine,_Duchess_of_Kent) , is the daughter of Sir William Worsley, 4th Baronet (/wiki/Sir_William_Worsley,_4th_Baronet) . Lady Amelia descends maternally from the Austrian Tomaselli family (/wiki/Tomaselli) . She is the younger sister of Edward Windsor, Lord Downpatrick (/wiki/Edward_Windsor,_Lord_Downpatrick) , and Lady Marina Windsor (/wiki/Lady_Marina_Windsor) . [6] (#cite_note-harpersbazaar.com-6) She is a third cousin of William, Prince of Wales (/wiki/William,_Prince_of_Wales) , and Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex (/wiki/Prince_Harry,_Duke_of_Sussex) . [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) In 2013 she was presented to society (/wiki/Debutante) at le Bal des débutantes (/wiki/Bal_des_d%C3%A9butantes) . [9] (#cite_note-9) Career [ edit ] Lady Amelia is signed with Storm Model Management (/wiki/Storm_Model_Management) . [10] (#cite_note-stormmanagement.com-10) [11] (#cite_note-auto1-11) [2] (#cite_note-auto-2) In 2016 she was the cover girl for Tatler (/wiki/Tatler) . [12] (#cite_note-townandcountrymag.com-12) In February 2017 she walked the runway for Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) at Milan Fashion Week (/wiki/Milan_Fashion_Week) . [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) She also walked in Dolce & Gabbana's 2019 Spring collection. [6] (#cite_note-harpersbazaar.com-6) She was featured on the August 2017 cover of Vogue Japan (/wiki/Vogue_Japan) . [15] (#cite_note-15) In 2018, Lady Amelia released a collaboration with Penelope Chilvers for a line of shoes, and modelled for the line in a video campaign in Spain. [16] (#cite_note-16) Twenty percent of the proceeds from her shoe collection were donated to War Child (/wiki/War_Child_(charity)) , a charity that aids children in conflict areas. [12] (#cite_note-townandcountrymag.com-12) Lady Amelia has worked for Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) , Azzedine Alaia (/wiki/Azzedine_Alaia) , and interned at BVLGARI (/wiki/Bulgari) . [10] (#cite_note-stormmanagement.com-10) [12] (#cite_note-townandcountrymag.com-12) [2] (#cite_note-auto-2) She is a contributing fashion editor at Tatler.com . [17] (#cite_note-17) In October 2018 Lady Amelia became the spokesmodel for British make-up brand Illamasqua . [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) In 2020, Lady Amelia began contributing to a new environmental platform called Talia Collective, writing about eco-travel and lifestyle. [21] (#cite_note-21) Succession rights [ edit ] Lady Amelia's father, the Earl of St Andrews, lost his succession rights to the British throne according to the Act of Settlement 1701 (/wiki/Act_of_Settlement_1701) as a consequence of marrying a Catholic. Although her grandmother, the Duchess of Kent, had converted to Catholicism in 1994, it did not remove her grandfather, Prince Edward, from the line of succession as the duchess was Anglican at the time of their wedding in 1961 and the Act of Settlement 1701 did not take into consideration a person married to someone in the line of succession converting to Catholicism. Her uncle, Lord Nicholas Windsor (/wiki/Lord_Nicholas_Windsor) , converted to Catholicism in 2001, which removed him from the line of succession. In 2013, the Succession to the Crown Act (/wiki/Succession_to_the_Crown_Act_2013) was passed, giving Lady Amelia's father succession rights once again. Lady Amelia's two older siblings were confirmed in the Catholic faith and therefore lost their succession rights. [22] (#cite_note-22) She is therefore the only one among her siblings to maintain a place in the line of succession. [23] (#cite_note-23) Personal life [ edit ] After graduating from St Mary's School, Ascot (/wiki/St_Mary%27s_School,_Ascot) , [24] (#cite_note-24) Lady Amelia spent a gap year in India and Thailand [25] (#cite_note-25) before studying French and Italian at the University of Edinburgh (/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh) . [11] (#cite_note-auto1-11) [26] (#cite_note-26) Lady Amelia was named in the Vanity Fair International Best Dressed List (/wiki/International_Best_Dressed_Hall_of_Fame_List) in 2017. [27] (#cite_note-27) Further stylish looks were photographed in 2017. [28] (#cite_note-28) [29] (#cite_note-29) In January 2021, she became the patron of Cross River Gorilla Project, an initiative that helps save the Critically Endangered (/wiki/Critically_Endangered) Cross River gorillas (/wiki/Cross_River_gorilla) from extinction. [30] (#cite_note-30) Lady Amelia lives in a flat in Notting Hill (/wiki/Notting_Hill) , West London. [31] (#cite_note-31) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Christenings" (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/christenings-1526938.html) . The Independent . 22 December 1995. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220904012226/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/christenings-1526938.html) from the original on 4 September 2022 . Retrieved 3 September 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c McCarthy, Ryan Lowry,Lauren. "Meet Lady Amelia Windsor, Britain's Hottest Young Royal and Fashion's Newest Darling" (https://www.wmagazine.com/story/lady-amelia-windsor-british-royalty-fashion) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180217155746/https://www.wmagazine.com/story/lady-amelia-windsor-british-royalty-fashion) from the original on 17 February 2018 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) ) ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Lady Amelia Windsor, Lady Marina Charlotte Windsor and Baron Downpatrick" (http://www.papermag.com/a-guide-to-all-the-young-royals-you-need-to-know-2563239807.html?rebelltitem=4) . 12 May 2018. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180717083951/http://www.papermag.com/a-guide-to-all-the-young-royals-you-need-to-know-2563239807.html?rebelltitem=4#rebelltitem4) from the original on 17 July 2018 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Holt, Bethan (13 May 2018). "Meet Lady Amelia Windsor, the young British royal combining style with substance" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/people/meet-lady-amelia-windsor-young-british-royal-combining-style/) . The Daily Telegraph . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180517183803/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/people/meet-lady-amelia-windsor-young-british-royal-combining-style/) from the original on 17 May 2018 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Rumor Has It Prince Harry's Beautiful Model Cousin Didn't Get Invited to the Royal Wedding" (https://www.cosmopolitan.com/entertainment/a20680534/prince-harry-snubbed-cousin-lady-amelia-windsor-royal-wedding/) . 14 May 2018. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180624110205/https://www.cosmopolitan.com/entertainment/a20680534/prince-harry-snubbed-cousin-lady-amelia-windsor-royal-wedding/) from the original on 24 June 2018 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Lady Amelia Windsor Was Reportedly Not Invited to the Royal Wedding" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/celebrity/latest/a20685328/who-is-lady-amelia-windsor-not-invited-royal-wedding/) . 15 May 2018. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180517055632/https://www.harpersbazaar.com/celebrity/latest/a20685328/who-is-lady-amelia-windsor-not-invited-royal-wedding/) from the original on 17 May 2018 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Royal snub: 'Maybe Harry didn't want anyone upstaging the bride' (https://www.news.com.au/entertainment/celebrity-life/royals/royal-weddings/meghan-markle-prince-harry-snub-most-beautiful-royal-by-not-inviting-her-to-royal-wedding/news-story/812623b761dd2edd1225bcfd04985690) " (https://www.news.com.au/entertainment/celebrity-life/royals/royal-weddings/meghan-markle-prince-harry-snub-most-beautiful-royal-by-not-inviting-her-to-royal-wedding/news-story/812623b761dd2edd1225bcfd04985690) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180520075346/http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/celebrity-life/royals/royal-weddings/meghan-markle-prince-harry-snub-most-beautiful-royal-by-not-inviting-her-to-royal-wedding/news-story/812623b761dd2edd1225bcfd04985690) from the original on 20 May 2018 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Gonzales, Erica (2 August 2018). "Lady Amelia Windsor Is the Coolest Royal You Haven't Heard of Yet" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/celebrity/latest/a20685328/who-is-lady-amelia-windsor-not-invited-royal-wedding/) . Harper's BAZAAR . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180517055632/https://www.harpersbazaar.com/celebrity/latest/a20685328/who-is-lady-amelia-windsor-not-invited-royal-wedding/) from the original on 17 May 2018 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Kyra Kennedy Makes Formal Debut at Debutante Ball" (https://people.com/celebrity/kyra-kennedy-makes-formal-debut-at-debutante-ball/) . People . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190202212533/https://people.com/celebrity/kyra-kennedy-makes-formal-debut-at-debutante-ball/) from the original on 2 February 2019 . Retrieved 2 February 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Amelia Windsor – Storm Artists" (https://www.stormmanagement.com/artists/amelia-windsor/) . stormmanagement.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180117154037/https://www.stormmanagement.com/artists/amelia-windsor/) from the original on 17 January 2018 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b Pike, Naomi (13 January 2017). "Amelia Windsor: Miss Vogue Meets" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/gallery/amelia-windsor-style-university-interview) . Vogue . UK. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180117154035/http://www.vogue.co.uk/gallery/amelia-windsor-style-university-interview) from the original on 17 January 2018 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Will Lady Amelia Windsor, the 'Most Beautiful Royal,' Get an Invite to the Royal Wedding?" (https://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/tradition/a20682834/lady-amelia-windsor-facts/) . 14 May 2018. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180518013437/https://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/tradition/a20682834/lady-amelia-windsor-facts/) from the original on 18 May 2018 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Pike, Naomi (26 February 2017). "A British Royal Just Walked The Dolce & Gabbana Show" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/amelia-windsor-dolce-and-gabbana-show) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170323000159/http://www.vogue.co.uk/article/amelia-windsor-dolce-and-gabbana-show) from the original on 23 March 2017 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Who joined British Royalty on the Dolce & Gabbana 'secret show' runway?" (https://www.standard.co.uk/fashion/news/from-british-royalty-to-celebrity-offspring-and-the-most-beautiful-girl-in-the-world-5-models-who-a3642786.html) . 25 September 2017. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170928104010/https://www.standard.co.uk/fashion/news/from-british-royalty-to-celebrity-offspring-and-the-most-beautiful-girl-in-the-world-5-models-who-a3642786.html) from the original on 28 September 2017 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "VOGUE JAPAN 2017年8月号6月28日発売" (https://www.vogue.co.jp/magazine/2017-08) . 26 June 2017. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180703172436/https://www.vogue.co.jp/magazine/2017-08) from the original on 3 July 2018 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Pike, Naomi (15 May 2018). "It Was Only A Matter Of Time Before Amelia Windsor Ventured into Fashion Design" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/amelia-windsor-penelope-chilvers-fashion-collection) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180515183946/http://www.vogue.co.uk/article/amelia-windsor-penelope-chilvers-fashion-collection) from the original on 15 May 2018 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Cope, Rebecca (12 November 2018). "Amelia Windsor is the new face of Illamasqua" (https://www.tatler.com/article/illamasqua-amelia-windsor) . Tatler . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190202212151/https://www.tatler.com/article/illamasqua-amelia-windsor) from the original on 2 February 2019 . Retrieved 2 February 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "You've never seen 'the most beautiful royal' like this before" (https://au.be.yahoo.com/youve-never-seen-beautiful-royal-like-2-021913436.html) . Yahoo!. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200607061726/https://au.lifestyle.yahoo.com/youve-never-seen-beautiful-royal-like-2-021913436.html) from the original on 7 June 2020 . Retrieved 4 April 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Waterhouse (2), Jonah. "You Won't Recognise Lady Amelia Windsor in Her New Fashion Campaign" (https://web.archive.org/web/20200330191217/https://www.harpersbazaar.com.au/celebrity/amelia-windsor-fashion-campaign-17436) . Harper's BAZAAR . Archived from the original (https://www.harpersbazaar.com.au/celebrity/amelia-windsor-fashion-campaign-17436) on 30 March 2020 . Retrieved 2 February 2019 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list) ) ^ (#cite_ref-20) March, Bridget (23 October 2018). "My Beauty Edit: Amelia Windsor" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/beauty/make-up-nails/a24064477/amelia-windsor-beauty-interview/) . Harper's BAZAAR . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190202212331/https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/beauty/make-up-nails/a24064477/amelia-windsor-beauty-interview/) from the original on 2 February 2019 . Retrieved 2 February 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Lady Amelia Windsor takes editorial role at Talia Collective journal" (https://web.archive.org/web/20210920213146/https://australiannewsreview.com/freedomroo-lady-amelia-windsor-takes-editorial-role-at-talia-collective-journal/) . Australian News Review . 31 October 2020. Archived from the original (https://australiannewsreview.com/freedomroo-lady-amelia-windsor-takes-editorial-role-at-talia-collective-journal/) on 20 September 2021 . Retrieved 20 September 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "7 Intriguing Details About Lady Amelia Windsor, Britain's "Most Beautiful Royal" (https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/7-intriguing-details-lady-amelia-211948580.html) " (https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/7-intriguing-details-lady-amelia-211948580.html) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180121173811/https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/7-intriguing-details-lady-amelia-211948580.html) from the original on 21 January 2018 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) O'Callaghan, Lauren (13 December 2017). "Move over Kate and Megan: Who is Lady Amelia Windsor? Royal 36th in line to the throne" (https://www.express.co.uk/life-style/life/891550/lady-amelia-windsor-royal-family) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180717013155/https://www.express.co.uk/life-style/life/891550/lady-amelia-windsor-royal-family) from the original on 17 July 2018 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Hodgkin, Emily (28 December 2017). "Lady Amelia Windsor's posh boarding school costs £39,000 a year" (https://www.express.co.uk/life-style/life/897407/Lady-Amelia-Windsor-instagram-school-age-parents) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180630000130/https://www.express.co.uk/life-style/life/897407/Lady-Amelia-Windsor-instagram-school-age-parents) from the original on 30 June 2018 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Meet Amelia Windsor: Edinburgh third year and member of the royal family" (https://thetab.com/uk/2018/01/03/meet-amelia-windsor-edinburgh-third-year-and-member-of-the-royal-family-56935) . 3 January 2018. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180111134336/https://thetab.com/uk/2018/01/03/meet-amelia-windsor-edinburgh-third-year-and-member-of-the-royal-family-56935) from the original on 11 January 2018 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Before Bed: Lady Amelia Windsor Takes Her Sleep Seriously" (https://www.vogue.com/article/before-bed-lady-amelia-windsor) . 22 November 2017. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180223234224/https://www.vogue.com/article/before-bed-lady-amelia-windsor) from the original on 23 February 2018 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "Who is Lady Amelia Windsor: the most beautiful member of the royal family" (https://www.hellomagazine.com/royalty/gallery/2016030530145/amelia-windsor-everything-you-need-to-know/1/) . 5 March 2016. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180717083950/https://www.hellomagazine.com/royalty/gallery/2016030530145/amelia-windsor-everything-you-need-to-know/1/) from the original on 17 July 2018 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) "Lady Amelia Windsor: Meet The Fashion World's New Favourite Royal" (https://graziadaily.co.uk/celebrity/news/lady-amelia-windsor/) . Grazia . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20171106220815/https://graziadaily.co.uk/celebrity/news/lady-amelia-windsor/) from the original on 6 November 2017 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) "As Lady Amelia Windsor celebrates her 22nd birthday look back at her most stylish looks" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/people/lady-amelia-windsor-stylish-looks/) . The Daily Telegraph . 24 August 2017. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170829034522/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/people/lady-amelia-windsor-stylish-looks/) from the original on 29 August 2017 . Retrieved 16 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) "CRGP Announces Amelia Windsor as New Patron" (https://www.crossrivergorillaproject.co.uk/post/crgp-announces-amelia-windsor-as-new-patron) . Cross River Gorilla Project . 19 January 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220904014209/https://www.crossrivergorillaproject.co.uk/post/crgp-announces-amelia-windsor-as-new-patron) from the original on 4 September 2022 . Retrieved 3 September 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "The surprisingly normal life of a young British royal: at home in Notting Hill with Lady Amelia Windsor" (https://www.houseandgarden.co.uk/gallery/lady-amelia-windsors-london-flat) . House & Garden . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230628174139/https://www.houseandgarden.co.uk/gallery/lady-amelia-windsors-london-flat) from the original on 28 June 2023 . Retrieved 17 June 2023 . Preceded by The Earl of St Andrews (/wiki/George_Windsor,_Earl_of_St_Andrews) Succession to the British throne (/wiki/Succession_to_the_British_throne) great-granddaughter of George, Duke of Kent (/wiki/Prince_George,_Duke_of_Kent) great-great-granddaughter of George V (/wiki/George_V) Followed by Albert Windsor NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐845f954947‐cpqgk Cached time: 20240717134024 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.492 seconds Real time usage: 0.560 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3692/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 70217/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3444/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 123048/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.311/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7434911/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 521.243 1 -total 52.42% 273.233 1 Template:Reflist 46.25% 241.057 31 Template:Cite_web 24.60% 128.204 1 Template:Infobox_person 8.02% 41.796 1 Template:Short_description 6.50% 33.881 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 5.95% 30.992 21 Template:Main_other 5.42% 28.236 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates 5.41% 28.178 2 Template:Pagetype 4.89% 25.468 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:49684681-0!canonical and timestamp 20240717134024 and revision id 1235055213. 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Kidan Tesfahun Born Kidan Tesfahun 1984 (age 39–40) Addis Ababa (/wiki/Addis_Ababa) , Ethiopia (/wiki/Ethiopia) Height 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) Beauty pageant (/wiki/Beauty_pageant) titleholder Title Miss Millennium Queen, Miss Earth Ethiopia (/wiki/Miss_Earth_Ethiopia) 2008 Major competition(s) Miss Earth 2007 (/wiki/Miss_Earth_2007) Miss International 2007 (/wiki/Miss_International_2007) , Miss Tourism Queen International 2007 Kidan Tesfahun is an Ethiopian model and national beauty queen. Biography [ edit ] Kidan was crowned Ethiopia (/wiki/Ethiopia) 's Miss Millennium Queen organised by London-based Ethiopian Life Foundation in 2007. She subsequently represented Ethiopia in Miss Earth 2008 (/wiki/Miss_Earth_2008) in Quezon City (/wiki/Quezon_City) , Philippines (/wiki/Philippines) , as well as Miss International 2007 (/wiki/Miss_International_2007) in Tokyo (/wiki/Tokyo) , Japan (/wiki/Japan) . Kidan is an executive secretary in Addis Ababa (/wiki/Addis_Ababa) and she plans to continue her studies in a foreign country to obtain international experience. On 24 July 2009, she was named Best Female Model of the World 2009 at a fashion modeling contest organized by Sukier Models International in Alicante (/wiki/Alicante) , Spain (/wiki/Spain) . [1] (#cite_note-1) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Kidan Tesfahun, Winner of Best Female of the World 2009" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100214172220/http://www.ladybrillemag.com/2009/07/kidan-tesfahun-winner-of-best-female-of-the-world-2009.html) . Archived from the original (http://www.ladybrillemag.com/2009/07/kidan-tesfahun-winner-of-best-female-of-the-world-2009.html) on 2010-02-14 . Retrieved 2010-02-23 . External links [ edit ] Miss Ethiopia ORG (http://missethiopia.blogspot.com/) Miss Earth 2008 candidates (http://www.missearth.tv/2008/candidates_08eth.html) v t e Miss Earth 2008 (/wiki/Miss_Earth_2008) national titleholders Camila Solórzano Ayusa (/wiki/Camila_Sol%C3%B3rzano_Ayusa) Rachael Margot Smith (/wiki/Rachael_Margot_Smith) Tsokye Tsomo Karchung (/wiki/Tsokye_Tsomo_Karchung) Tatiane Alves (/wiki/Tatiane_Alves) Denise Garrido (/wiki/Denise_Garrido) Hana Svobodová (/wiki/Hana_Svobodov%C3%A1) Caroline Duffy (/wiki/Caroline_Duffy) Kidan Tesfahun Ria Antoniou (/wiki/Ria_Antoniou) Tanvi Vyas (/wiki/Tanvi_Vyas) Yllka Berisha (/wiki/Yllka_Berisha) Pamela Saadé (/wiki/Shiraz_(singer)) Abigail Elizalde (/wiki/Abigail_Elizalde) Shassia Ubillús (/wiki/Shassia_Ubill%C3%BAs) Karla Henry (/wiki/Karla_Henry) Ruxandra Popa (/wiki/Ruxandra_Popa) Adriana Reverón (/wiki/Adriana_Rever%C3%B3n) Fanny Blomé (/wiki/Fanny_Blom%C3%A9) Miriam Odemba (/wiki/Miriam_Odemba) Piyaporn Deejing (/wiki/Piyaporn_Deejing) Daniela Torrealba (/wiki/Daniela_Torrealba) Miss Earth delegates of 01 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2001_delegates) 02 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2002_delegates) 03 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2003_delegates) 04 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2004_delegates) 05 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2005_delegates) 06 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2006_delegates) 07 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2007_delegates) 08 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2008_delegates) 09 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2009_delegates) 10 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2010_delegates) 11 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2011_delegates) 12 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2012_delegates) 13 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2013_delegates) 14 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2014_delegates) 15 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2015_delegates) 16 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2016_delegates) 17 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2017_delegates) 18 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2018_delegates) 19 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2019_delegates) 20 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2020_delegates) 21 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2021_delegates) 22 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2022_delegates) 23 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2023_delegates) 24 (/wiki/Template:Miss_Earth_2024_delegates) This Ethiopian biographical article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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South African actress, TV presenter, and fashion designer Enhle Mbali Mlotshwa Born ( 1985-03-03 ) March 3, 1985 (age 39) Johannesburg (/wiki/Johannesburg) , South Africa (/wiki/South_Africa) Other names Enhle Mbali Occupations Actress television presenter fashion designer businesswoman philanthropist Years active 2004–present Spouse Black Coffee (/wiki/Black_Coffee_(DJ)) ( m. 2011; sep. 2019) [1] (#cite_note-separation-1) Children 2 Website simplyenhle (https://simplyenhle.com/) .com (https://simplyenhle.com/) Enhle Mbali Mlotshwa (born 3 March 1985), is a South African actress, TV presenter and fashion designer. [2] (#cite_note-2) She is known for her breakthrough role on the South African Television Series, Tshisa . She launched the maternity wear range SE Preggoz in South Africa and New York (/wiki/New_York_(state)) in 2015. [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) Career [ edit ] Mlotshwa landed her first role on the South African series Mtunzini.com which aired on the South African National Broadcasting Corporation (/wiki/South_African_Broadcasting_Corporation) from 2006 - 2009. Her breakthrough role was on the South African television series, Tshisa . Mlotshwa has since been cast on numerous South African television soapies and drama series including the telenovela (/wiki/Telenovela) iNkaba , Moferefere Lenyalong , Soul City , Sokhulu and Partners, Rhythm City, Rockville, and 7de Laan. [4] (#cite_note-4) In 2009, Mlotshwa hosted the Channel O (/wiki/Channel_O) series, Young, Gifted and Black and then went on to host ANN7 (/wiki/Afro_Worldview) ’s, Starbiz which focused on local and international entertainment news. [5] (#cite_note-5) She was a speaker at the Dstv (/wiki/DStv) In Good Company Experience which hosted American actress and writer Issa Rae (/wiki/Issa_Rae) in 2018. [6] (#cite_note-6) In 2018, she was cast as the lead actress for the short film Lace . The film won Best Film, Audience Favourite, Best Actor, Best Writing, Best Directing, and Best Special Effects for the 48 Hour Film Project in Johannesburg. [7] (#cite_note-7) The film went on to compete at Filmapalooza (/wiki/Filmapalooza) 2019 in Orlando, Florida earning Mlotshwa an international Best Actress Award. [8] (#cite_note-8) In 2019, Mlotshwa was cast as supporting lead for the series The Herd. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) Filmography [ edit ] Television Roles Title Year Role Channel Notes Scandal! 2005 Azania eTV Season 1 Tshisa 2006 - 2012 Precious Ledwaba SABC1 Season 1 - 3 Soul City 2009 - 2010 Lulu SABC1 Season 9 - 10 4Play: Sex Tips for Girls 2010 Amira Mokoena eTV Season 1 - 2, Main Cast iNkaba 2012 Celebrity Client Mzansi Magic Moferefere Lenyalong 2012 Goldie Sekete SABC2 Those Who Can't 2012 Cecilia SABC3 Season 1 Rockville 2013 - 2021 Lindi Mabaso Mzansi Magic Season 1 - 5, Supporting Lead The SAFTA's 2015 Presenter SABC2, Mzansi Magic Season 9, Presenter Broken Vows 2017 Azania eTV Lead Zaziwa 2017 As herself SABC1 Season 5 Project Runway: South Africa - Season 1 2018 Guest Judge Mzansi Magic The Herd 2019 Ayanda Mzansi Magic Season 2, Supporting Lead Isibaya 2020 Sizakele Mzansi Magic Season 8, Supporting Lead Business and ventures [ edit ] Fashion Line [ edit ] Mlotshwa launched the maternity wear range SE Preggoz in South Africa and New York in 2015. [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) Philanthropy [ edit ] In 2018, Mlotshwa launched the Enhle Cares Foundation at the inaugural Forever Young Gala Dinner alongside The House of Mandela Family Foundation and Africa Rising, supported by Global Citizen. [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) The Enhle Cares Foundation is a multi-faceted organization targeting girls and young women in disadvantaged communities. The goal is to identity gaps in service provision and through collaborative works, offer solutions to specific issues. To date, there has been a drive to provide respite activities for girls in South Africa who are primary caregivers for their family members affected by HIV/ AIDS, disability or old age. The foundation also has a strong focus on addressing sexism in South Africa [13] (#cite_note-13) Personal life [ edit ] Enhle Mbali Mlotshwa married South African DJ Black Coffee (/wiki/Black_Coffee_(DJ)) (real name Nkosinathi Innocent Maphumulo) in 2011. [14] (#cite_note-14) In July 2019, they separated and began divorce proceedings. [1] (#cite_note-separation-1) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Makhoba, Ntombizodwa (1 December 2019). "Black Coffee breaks silence on divorce: 'We tried everything" (https://www.news24.com/citypress/trending/black-coffee-breaks-silence-on-divorce-we-tried-everything-20191201) . City Press (/wiki/News24_(website)) . Retrieved 25 January 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Enhle Mbali Maphumulo" (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm6703681/) . IMDb . Retrieved 2 May 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b Leshabane, Olwethu (17 November 2015). "SE Preggoz by Enhle Mbali Mlotshwa launches in SA" (https://web.archive.org/web/20190502194706/http://www.artofsuperwoman.com/se-preggoz-by-enhle-mbali-mlotshwa-launches-in-sa/) . Art of Superwoman . Archived from the original (http://www.artofsuperwoman.com/se-preggoz-by-enhle-mbali-mlotshwa-launches-in-sa/) on 2 May 2019 . Retrieved 2 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Mbangeni, Lerato (29 March 2016). "Soapie star stunned by racist posts | IOL Entertainment" (https://www.iol.co.za/entertainment/tv/soapie-star-stunned-by-racist-posts-2002112) . www.iol.co.za . Retrieved 2 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Mbali Mlotshwa leaves ANN7's Starbiz" (http://www.channel24.co.za/The-Juice/Mbali-Mlotshwa-leaves-ANN7s-Starbiz-20150330) . Channel . 8 January 2015 . Retrieved 2 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) rockstarevent (1 August 2018). "IN GOOD COMPANY EXPERIENCE SUMMIT" (http://www.rockstarevent.co.za/in-good-company-experience-summit/) . Rockstarevent . Retrieved 2 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Johannesburg 48HFP: Lace , archived from the original (https://www.48hourfilm.com/en/johannesburg-za/films/33891) on 2 May 2019 , retrieved 2 May 2019 ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Filmapalooza 2019 @ 48 Hour Film Project" (https://www.48hourfilm.com/en/filmapalooza) . www.48hourfilm.com . Retrieved 2 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Adejoy (4 April 2019). "Enhle Mbali Maphumulo bags new acting gig" (https://fakazanews.com/2019/04/04/enhle-mbali-maphumulo-bags-new-acting-gig/) . Fakaza News . Retrieved 2 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Tjiya, Emmanuel (12 April 2019). "Enhle Maphumulo happy to play the bad girl on The Herd" (https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/entertainment/2019-04-12-enhle-maphumulo-happy-to-play-the-bad-girl-on-the-herd/) . SowetanLIVE & Sunday World . Retrieved 2 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Enhle Mbali teams up with the House of Mandela to launch Forever Young Ball" (http://www.channel24.co.za/The-Juice/News/enhle-mbali-teams-up-with-the-house-of-mandela-to-launch-forever-young-ball-20181109) . Channel24 . 9 November 2018 . Retrieved 2 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Forever Young Ball" (https://www.universe.com/events/forever-young-ball-tickets-johannesburg-K6FTW4) . Universe . Retrieved 2 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Zama, Zanele (16 November 2018). "[LISTEN] Up close and personal with Enhle Mbali Maphumulo" (http://www.702.co.za/articles/327424/listen-up-close-and-personal-with-enhle-mbali-maphumulo) . 702 . Retrieved 6 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Blignaut, Maryn (9 January 2018). "Married for 8 years: DJ Black Coffee and Enhle Mbali celebrate wedding anniversary" (https://briefly.co.za/7740-married-8-years-dj-black-coffee-enhle-mbali-celebrate-wedding-anniversary.html) . Briefly . Retrieved 2 May 2019 . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://simplyenhle.com) Enhle Mbali Mlotshwa (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm5522874/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐7xgx9 Cached time: 20240719231618 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.436 seconds Real time usage: 0.560 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2799/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 34199/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4652/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 19/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 56002/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.269/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 8309328/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 531.335 1 -total 44.35% 235.663 1 Template:Infobox_person 29.70% 157.822 1 Template:Reflist 25.04% 133.065 13 Template:Cite_web 21.69% 115.254 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 12.86% 68.340 1 Template:Short_description 10.51% 55.826 1 Template:Marriage 9.02% 47.900 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 7.15% 37.979 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age 6.96% 36.960 1 Template:Hlist Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:60642495-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719231618 and revision id 1216138478. 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This is the talk page (/wiki/Wikipedia:Talk_page_guidelines) for discussing improvements to the portal (/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal) about Clothing (/wiki/Portal:Clothing) . Content dispute discussions should take place on the appropriate article's talk page. For discussions about general portal development, please see the WikiProject Portals talk page (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Portals) . If you are a regular maintainer of this portal, please add yourself to this list (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Portals#Specific_portal_maintainers) . Archives (/wiki/Help:Archiving_a_talk_page) : 1 (/wiki/Portal_talk:Clothing/Archive_1) The Clothing Portal is a featured portal (/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_portals) , which means it has been identified (/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Featured_portal_candidates/Portal:Clothing&action=edit&redlink=1) as one of the best portals on Wikipedia (/wiki/Wikipedia) . If you see a way this portal can be updated or improved without compromising previous work, please feel free to contribute. Portal milestones Date Process Result January 23, 2008 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Clothing&oldid=185718836) Peer review (/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal_peer_review/Textile_Arts/archive1) Reviewed April 16, 2008 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Clothing&oldid=205261223) Peer review (/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal_peer_review/Textile_Arts/archive2) Reviewed April 24, 2008 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Clothing&oldid=206736412) Featured portal candidate (/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_portal_candidates/Portal:Textile_Arts) Promoted Current status: Featured portal This portal does not require a rating on Wikipedia's content assessment (/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_assessment) scale. It is of interest to the following WikiProjects (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject) : Textile Arts (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Textile_Arts) Clothing portal (/wiki/Portal:Clothing) This page is within the scope of WikiProject Textile Arts (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Textile_Arts) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of textile arts (/wiki/Textile_arts) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Textile_Arts) and see a list of open tasks. Textile Arts Wikipedia:WikiProject Textile Arts Template:WikiProject Textile Arts Textile Arts articles Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) This page is within the scope of WikiProject Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Fashion) and see a list of open tasks. Fashion Wikipedia:WikiProject Fashion Template:WikiProject Fashion fashion articles Portals (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Portals) This page is a portal (/wiki/Wikipedia:Portals) . Portals are within the scope of WikiProject Portals (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Portals) , a collaborative effort to improve portals (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Portals) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Portals) and see a list of open tasks (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Portals#Project_tasks) . Portals Wikipedia:WikiProject Portals Template:WikiProject Portals Portals articles ??? (/wiki/Category:Unassessed_Portal_pages) This portal has not yet received a rating on the project's quality scale (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Portals/Assessment#Quality_scale) . ??? (/wiki/Category:Unknown-importance_Portal_pages) This portal has not yet received a rating on the project's importance scale (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Portals/Assessment#Importance_scale) . See also: List of Portals (/wiki/Portal:Contents/Portals) This portal's subpages (/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/Portal:Clothing/) have been checked by an editor, and are needed. Please take care (/wiki/Wikipedia:CAREFUL) when editing, especially if using automated editing software (/wiki/Wikipedia:ASSISTED) . Learn how to update the maintenance information here (/wiki/Template:Portal_maintenance_status#How_to_update_the_maintenance_information_for_a_portal) . (June 2018) Automated portal content suggestions ( purge ) The following suggestions have been automatically generated as content that might be suitable for the portal, subject to review by a human editor . Please do not mindlessly copy items to the portal page without first checking that the suggestions are appropriate. Recent Did you know? items No recent additions Recent In the news items No recent news Featured, valued, and quality images (on Commons) Open a link, then click the "Do it" button. If there are results, you can click the "Thumbnails" button to preview all the images. Featured pictures for (https://petscan.wmflabs.org/?language=commons&project=wikimedia&depth=3&categories=Featured%20pictures%20on%20Wikimedia%20Commons%0DClothing&ns%5B6%5D=1&max_age=2400&search_max_results=500&interface_language=en&active_tab=&doit=) Clothing with recent edits (https://petscan.wmflabs.org/?language=commons&project=wikimedia&depth=3&categories=Featured%20pictures%20on%20Wikimedia%20Commons%0DClothing&ns%5B6%5D=1&max_age=2400&search_max_results=500&interface_language=en&active_tab=&doit=) Valued images for (https://petscan.wmflabs.org/?language=commons&project=wikimedia&depth=3&categories=Valued%20images%0DClothing&ns%5B6%5D=1&max_age=2400&search_max_results=500&interface_language=en&active_tab=&doit=) Clothing with recent edits (https://petscan.wmflabs.org/?language=commons&project=wikimedia&depth=3&categories=Valued%20images%0DClothing&ns%5B6%5D=1&max_age=2400&search_max_results=500&interface_language=en&active_tab=&doit=) Quality images for (https://petscan.wmflabs.org/?language=commons&project=wikimedia&depth=3&categories=Quality%20images%0DClothing&ns%5B6%5D=1&max_age=2400&search_max_results=500&interface_language=en&active_tab=&doit=) Clothing with recent edits (https://petscan.wmflabs.org/?language=commons&project=wikimedia&depth=3&categories=Quality%20images%0DClothing&ns%5B6%5D=1&max_age=2400&search_max_results=500&interface_language=en&active_tab=&doit=) Articles Featured articles for (https://petscan.wmflabs.org/?language=en&project=wikipedia&depth=3&categories=Clothing&ns%5B0%5D=1&outlinks_any=Wikipedia%3AFeatured%20articles%20promoted%20in%202024&search_max_results=500&interface_language=en&doit=) Category:Clothing promoted in 2024 (https://petscan.wmflabs.org/?language=en&project=wikipedia&depth=3&categories=Clothing&ns%5B0%5D=1&outlinks_any=Wikipedia%3AFeatured%20articles%20promoted%20in%202024&search_max_results=500&interface_language=en&doit=) Note on portal icon placement [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Note_on_portal_icon_placement","replies":[]}} Note This portal navigation can be placed on articles, and is commonly placed in the See also (/wiki/Wikipedia:ALSO) section of an article on Wikipedia, using the following code: {{Portal|Textile arts}} This displays as: Textile arts portal (/wiki/Portal:Textile_arts) Cheers, Cirt (/wiki/User:Cirt) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Cirt) ) Cute! Durova Charge! 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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tobacciana (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tobacciana) . The main article for this category (/wiki/Help:Categories) is Tobacciana (/wiki/Tobacciana) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐c85b9bc65‐ljks8 Cached time: 20240720233219 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.065 seconds Real time usage: 0.099 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 150/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2888/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 256/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1528/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.040/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1225735/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 90.292 1 -total 79.48% 71.763 1 Template:Commons_category 77.13% 69.639 1 Template:Sister_project 75.22% 67.917 1 Template:Side_box 36.46% 32.920 2 Template:If_then_show 20.41% 18.425 1 Template:Cat_main Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:20024858-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720233219 and revision id 1213673128. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse Pages in category "Tobacciana" The following 33 pages are in this category, out of 33 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . Tobacciana (/wiki/Tobacciana) A Ashtray (/wiki/Ashtray) B Beedi (/wiki/Beedi) Box-pressed (/wiki/Box-pressed) C Chibouk (/wiki/Chibouk) Cigar box (/wiki/Cigar_box) Cigar case (/wiki/Cigar_case) Cigar cutter (/wiki/Cigar_cutter) Cigarette card (/wiki/Cigarette_card) Cigarette case (/wiki/Cigarette_case) Cigarette holder (/wiki/Cigarette_holder) Cigarillo (/wiki/Cigarillo) D Davidoff (/wiki/Davidoff) Djarum (/wiki/Djarum) F Fashion cigarettes (/wiki/Fashion_cigarettes) H Hookah (/wiki/Hookah) Humidor (/wiki/Humidor) I Inqawe (/wiki/Inqawe) International Pipe Smoking Day (/wiki/International_Pipe_Smoking_Day) Iserlohn box (/wiki/Iserlohn_box) K Kretek (/wiki/Kretek) M Midwakh (/wiki/Midwakh) P Pipe bag (/wiki/Pipe_bag) Pipe cleaner (/wiki/Pipe_cleaner) Pipe tool (/wiki/Pipe_tool) S Shag (tobacco) (/wiki/Shag_(tobacco)) Smoking cap (/wiki/Smoking_cap) Smoking jacket (/wiki/Smoking_jacket) Smoking pipe (/wiki/Smoking_pipe) Pipe smoking (/wiki/Pipe_smoking) T Tobacco pipe (/wiki/Tobacco_pipe) Tobacco pouch (/wiki/Tobacco_pouch) Z Zippo (/wiki/Zippo) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Tobacciana&oldid=1213673128 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Tobacciana&oldid=1213673128) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Tobacco (/wiki/Category:Tobacco) Collecting (/wiki/Category:Collecting) Drug culture (/wiki/Category:Drug_culture) Hidden category: Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata) |
The main article for this category (/wiki/Help:Categories) is Hair removal (/wiki/Hair_removal) . Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hair removal (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hair_removal) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐s8kfs Cached time: 20240720215524 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.094 seconds Real time usage: 0.129 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 134/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2841/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 293/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1528/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.057/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1058008/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 118.244 1 -total 54.69% 64.673 1 Template:Commons_category 52.50% 62.084 1 Template:Sister_project 50.69% 59.943 1 Template:Side_box 45.16% 53.404 1 Template:Cat_main 5.56% 6.577 1 Template:Replace Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:44532338-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720215524 and revision id 985365007. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total. R Razors (/wiki/Category:Razors) (1 C, 4 P) S Shaving (/wiki/Category:Shaving) (1 C, 21 P) Pages in category "Hair removal" The following 43 pages are in this category, out of 43 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . Hair removal (/wiki/Hair_removal) 0–9 5α-Reductase inhibitor (/wiki/5%CE%B1-Reductase_inhibitor) 2017 hair and braid chopping incidents in India (/wiki/2017_hair_and_braid_chopping_incidents_in_India) A American Electrology Association (/wiki/American_Electrology_Association) Antiandrogen (/wiki/Antiandrogen) B Bicalutamide (/wiki/Bicalutamide) Bikini waxing (/wiki/Bikini_waxing) Burma-Shave (/wiki/Burma-Shave) C Certified Professional Electrologist (/wiki/Certified_Professional_Electrologist) Chemical depilatory (/wiki/Chemical_depilatory) Cyproterone acetate (/wiki/Cyproterone_acetate) D Dutasteride (/wiki/Dutasteride) E Eflornithine (/wiki/Eflornithine) Electric tweezers (/wiki/Electric_tweezers) Electrology (/wiki/Electrology) Epilator (/wiki/Epilator) European Wax Center (/wiki/European_Wax_Center) F Finasteride (/wiki/Finasteride) Flutamide (/wiki/Flutamide) H History of removal of leg and underarm hair in the United States (/wiki/History_of_removal_of_leg_and_underarm_hair_in_the_United_States) I Intense pulsed light (/wiki/Intense_pulsed_light) L Laser hair removal (/wiki/Laser_hair_removal) M Magic Shave (/wiki/Magic_Shave) Male waxing (/wiki/Male_waxing) Manscaped (/wiki/Manscaped) MK-434 (/wiki/MK-434) N Nair (hair removal) (/wiki/Nair_(hair_removal)) Nonsteroidal antiandrogen (/wiki/Nonsteroidal_antiandrogen) P Janea Padilha (/wiki/Janea_Padilha) Plucking (hair removal) (/wiki/Plucking_(hair_removal)) Pogonotomia (/wiki/Pogonotomia) R Razor (/wiki/Razor) Remington (personal care brand) (/wiki/Remington_(personal_care_brand)) RU-58841 (/wiki/RU-58841) S Spironolactone (/wiki/Spironolactone) Steroidal antiandrogen (/wiki/Steroidal_antiandrogen) Sugaring (epilation) (/wiki/Sugaring_(epilation)) T Threading (epilation) (/wiki/Threading_(epilation)) Trichophagia (/wiki/Trichophagia) Trichotillomania (/wiki/Trichotillomania) Tweezers (/wiki/Tweezers) V Veet (/wiki/Veet) W Waxing (/wiki/Waxing) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Hair_removal&oldid=985365007 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Hair_removal&oldid=985365007) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Cosmetic surgery (/wiki/Category:Cosmetic_surgery) Human hair (/wiki/Category:Human_hair) Hidden category: Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata) |
Carlyne Cerf de Dudzeele Born Saint-Tropez, France Nationality French Carlyne Cerf de Dudzeele (/wiki/Natalija_Konstantinovi%C4%87#Children) is a French stylist, art director and photographer. [1] (#cite_note-ferla-1) Life and work [ edit ] Coat of arms of the Errembault de Dudzeele, Carolyne's maternal family de Dudzeele grew up in Saint-Tropez (/wiki/Saint-Tropez) , in the south of France, as well as in Paris, [2] (#cite_note-papermag-2) where she received a strict education and observed the mix of haute couture with everyday items that was typical of that area. She says that her childhood came from her mother Anne-Marie Errembault de Dudzeele (1922-1984), who was "the most unimaginable woman" she ever knew. Anne-Marie was daughter of Count Gaston Errembault de Dudzeele (/wiki/Gaston_Errembault_de_Dudzeele_(died_1929)#Personal_life) (1877–1961) and Princess Natalija Petrovic-Njegosh (/wiki/Natalija_Konstantinovi%C4%87) , former wife of Prince Mirko of Montenegro (/wiki/Prince_Mirko_of_Montenegro) . She received "a basic and strict education [...] but intuition [was] the biggest factor". She also says that in Saint-Tropez "fashion was not a question of clothes. It was more about attitude, intelligence, the way to be, the simplicity of it. [...] [I]t was about having fun." [3] (#cite_note-alaia-3) She moved to Paris in the 1960s and began her career interning at Depeche Mode and Marie Claire (/wiki/Marie_Claire) . Later, starting in 1977, she worked at French Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) for 10 years before moving to New York in 1985 and becoming the fashion director of Vogue US (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , [3] (#cite_note-alaia-3) [4] (#cite_note-oribe-4) where she styled Anna Wintour (/wiki/Anna_Wintour) 's first cover in 1988, in which Israeli model Michaela Bercu (/wiki/Michaela_Bercu) was dressed in a Christian LaCroix (/wiki/Christian_Lacroix) couture top with a jeweled cross [2] (#cite_note-papermag-2) and Guess jeans. [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-lucky-6) She worked closely with prominent fashion photographers of the era: Irving Penn (/wiki/Irving_Penn) , [7] (#cite_note-openingceremony-7) Richard Avedon (/wiki/Richard_Avedon) , Helmut Newton (/wiki/Helmut_Newton) , Paolo Roversi (/wiki/Paolo_Roversi) , [8] (#cite_note-032c-8) Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) , [7] (#cite_note-openingceremony-7) and her longtime collaborator, Steven Meisel (/wiki/Steven_Meisel) . [9] (#cite_note-9) Aside from the press industry, the stylist largely defined the Versace (/wiki/Versace) look in the 1990s, closely working with Gianni Versace (/wiki/Gianni_Versace) , [8] (#cite_note-032c-8) Azzedine Alaïa (/wiki/Azzedine_Alaia) , and Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) upon his arrival at Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) . De Dudzeele has stated she does not follow trends and says that she always creates her own fashion. [10] (#cite_note-10) To her, simplicity is what defines chic. [1] (#cite_note-ferla-1) In October 2013, de Dudzeele was named editor at large of Lucky Magazine. [6] (#cite_note-lucky-6) In her video series J'Adore , she says that she has loved leopard all her life and that she also loves fake fur because she prefers animals to humans. [11] (#cite_note-11) The last episode of the series was uploaded on 4 June 2014; it was cancelled because she was too busy to continue shooting videos. [12] (#cite_note-12) In February 2024, de Dudzeele was the chief stylist for the debut of Japanese musician Yoshiki's (/wiki/Yoshiki_(musician)) high fashion line Maison Yoshiki Paris (/wiki/Maison_Yoshiki_Paris) at Milan Fashion Week (/wiki/Milan_Fashion_Week) . [13] (#cite_note-13) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b La Ferla, Ruth (November 14, 2013). "Carlyn Cerf de Dudzeele: A Legend Who's Unafraid to Say So" (https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/14/fashion/carlyn-cerf-de-dudzeele-a-legend-whos-unafraid-to-say-so.html?_r=0) . The New York Times . p. E2 . Retrieved 12 March 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Jeremy Scott Talks to Legendary Stylist Carlyne Cerf de Dudzeele" (http://www.papermag.com/2013/09/legendary_stylist_carlyne_cerf_de_dudzeele_talks_to_jeremy_scott.php) . Papermag. 11 September 2013 . Retrieved 3 April 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Alaïa, Azzedine. "FASHION Carlyne Cerf de Dudzeele" (http://www.interviewmagazine.com/fashion/carlyne-cerf-de-dudzeele) . Retrieved 12 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-oribe_4-0) "Announcing: Carlyne Cerf de Dudzeele at Backstage Miami" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150402113939/http://www.oribe.com/index.php/explore/post/2974) . Oribe Hair Care. 8 May 2013. Archived from the original (http://www.oribe.com/index.php/explore/post/2974) on 2 April 2015 . Retrieved 14 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Leah Chernikoff (21 March 2013). "Legendary Stylist Carlyne Cerf De Dudzeele Tells It Like It Is" (http://fashionista.com/2013/03/carlyne-cerf-de-dudzeele-tells-it-like-it-is) . Fashionista . Retrieved 13 March 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Alyssa Vingan (21 October 2013). "Carlyne Cerf de Dudzeele Joins Lucky as Fashion Editor at Large" (http://fashionista.com/2013/10/carlyne-cerf-de-dudzeele-joins-lucky-as-fashion-editor-at-large) . Fashionista . Retrieved 13 March 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Gillian Tozer (1 November 2012). "Carlyne Cerf De Dudzeele Talks Avedon, Penn, Meisel, Inez & Vinoodh, Alaïa, & Testino" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150519093133/http://www.openingceremony.us/entry.asp?pid=6878) . Opening Ceremony. Archived from the original (http://www.openingceremony.us/entry.asp?pid=6878) on 19 May 2015 . Retrieved 7 May 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Carlyne Cerf de Dudzeele" (http://032c.com/2014/carlyne-cerf-de-dudzeele/) . 032c Workshop . Retrieved 13 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Azzedine Alaïa. "Carlyne Cerf de Dudzeele" (http://www.interviewmagazine.com/fashion/carlyne-cerf-de-dudzeele) . Interview Magazine . Retrieved 7 May 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Alexandra Ilyashov (26 August 2014). "Carlyne Cerf de Dudzeele, Queen Of Luxe" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140828194446/http://fashionweekdaily.com/carlyne-cerf-de-dudzeele-queen-luxe/) . Daily Front Row. Archived from the original (http://fashionweekdaily.com/carlyne-cerf-de-dudzeele-queen-luxe/) on 28 August 2014 . Retrieved 13 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Kat Herriman (28 February 2014). "Carlyne Cerf de Dudzeele Loves Leopard" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140306062553/http://www.wmagazine.com/fashion/2014/02/carlyne-cerf-de-dudzeele-jadore/) . W Magazine. Archived from the original (http://www.wmagazine.com/fashion/2014/02/carlyne-cerf-de-dudzeele-jadore/) on 6 March 2014 . Retrieved 13 March 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Molly Mulshine (13 January 2015). "The World Needs More of Zany French Stylist Carlyne Cerf de Dudzeele's Web Series" (https://observer.com/2015/01/the-world-needs-more-of-zany-french-stylist-carlyne-cerf-de-dudzeeles-web-series/) . Observer . Retrieved 13 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Benjamin, Mark (2024-02-22). "MAISON YOSHIKI PARIS Ushers in a New Fashion Era at Milan's Fall/Winter 2024/25 Week" (https://rain-mag.com/maison-yoshiki-paris-ushers-in-a-new-fashion-era-at-milans-fall-winter-2024-25-week/) . Rain . Retrieved 2024-02-22 . 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(Redirected from Irene Garza (/w/index.php?title=Irene_Garza&redirect=no) ) American school teacher and murder victim Death of Irene Garza Date April 1960 Location McAllen (/wiki/McAllen,_Texas) , Texas (/wiki/Texas) , U.S. Cause Suffocation (/wiki/Asphyxia) Arrests John Bernard Feit Convicted Murder (/wiki/Murder_(United_States_law)) Sentence Life imprisonment (/wiki/Life_imprisonment) Irene Garza (November 15, 1934 – April 1960) was an American schoolteacher and beauty queen (/wiki/Beauty_queen) whose death was the subject of investigation for several decades. She was last seen alive on April 16, 1960, when she went to confession (/wiki/Confession_(Catholic_Church)) at a church in McAllen (/wiki/McAllen,_Texas) , Texas (/wiki/Texas) . She was reported missing (/wiki/Missing_person) the following morning. Following the largest volunteer search to that date in the Rio Grande Valley (/wiki/Rio_Grande_Valley_(Texas)) , Garza's body was discovered in a canal on April 21. An autopsy (/wiki/Autopsy) concluded that she had been sexually assaulted (/wiki/Sexual_assault) before being killed; the cause of death was suffocation (/wiki/Asphyxia) . Father John Bernard Feit, the Catholic (/wiki/Catholic_Church) priest who heard Garza's last confession, was the only identified suspect in her death. Two clergymen, Fr. Dale Tacheny and Fr. Joseph O'Brien, came forward to authorities in 2002 to say that Feit had confessed to Garza's murder shortly after the crime. He had left the priesthood in the 1970s, married and had a family. For many years, the district attorney (/wiki/District_attorney) in Hidalgo County (/wiki/Hidalgo_County,_Texas) considered the evidence against Feit to be too weak to secure a conviction. He brought the case before a grand jury (/wiki/Grand_jury) in 2004, but Feit, Tacheny and O'Brien were not subpoenaed (/wiki/Subpoena) and the jury did not indict (/wiki/Indictment) Feit. The investigation into Garza's death was renewed in 2015 after a new district attorney took office in Hidalgo County. In February 2016, the 83-year-old Feit was arrested in Arizona (/wiki/Arizona) in connection with Garza's death. He was later extradited (/wiki/Extradition) to Texas. His murder trial began in late November 2017. On December 7, 2017, Feit was found guilty of murder and the next day was sentenced to life imprisonment (/wiki/Life_imprisonment) . Feit died in February 2020. Background [ edit ] Location of Hidalgo County, Texas (/wiki/Hidalgo_County,_Texas) , near the US-Mexico border Irene Garza was born in 1934. [1] (#cite_note-Monitor-1) Her parents, Nicolas and Josefina, owned a dry cleaning business in McAllen (/wiki/McAllen,_Texas) , Texas (/wiki/Texas) , a city located in the South Texas (/wiki/South_Texas) border region known as the Rio Grande Valley (/wiki/Rio_Grande_Valley_(Texas)) . By the time Garza was a teenager, her parents' business had become successful, and the family was able to move from the south side of McAllen to a more affluent area on the north side. She graduated from McAllen High School (/wiki/McAllen_High_School) , where she had become the first Latina to perform as a twirler (/wiki/Baton_twirling) or head drum majorette (/wiki/Drum_major_(marching_band)) . Garza was crowned the 1958 Miss All South Texas Sweetheart and was a homecoming queen (/wiki/Homecoming_queen) at Pan American College (/wiki/University_of_Texas%E2%80%93Pan_American) . [2] (#cite_note-Unholy-2) At the time of her death, Garza was a second-grade schoolteacher; she taught indigent students at an elementary school (/wiki/Elementary_school_(United_States)) on the south side of McAllen. In a letter written to a friend before her disappearance, she described herself as extremely shy but expressed fulfillment in her work. Noting that she had recently become secretary of her parent-teacher association (/wiki/Parent-teacher_association) , Garza said that she was beginning to feel more confident in herself. A member of the Legion of Mary (/wiki/Legion_of_Mary) , she took her Catholic (/wiki/Catholicism) faith seriously. In her letter, Garza indicated that she found comfort in attending daily Mass (/wiki/Mass_in_the_Catholic_Church) and Communion (/wiki/Eucharist_in_the_Catholic_Church) . [2] (#cite_note-Unholy-2) On Saturday, April 16, 1960, Garza–who lived with her parents–told them that she was going to confession (/wiki/Confession_(Catholic_Church)) at Sacred Heart Church in McAllen. She was often conspicuous in the congregation because of her striking appearance, and several parishioners remembered seeing Garza at the church that night. When her parents did not hear from her that evening, they first thought that she had stayed at the church for the Easter Vigil (/wiki/Easter_Vigil) mass. When Garza did not return home by 3:00 a.m., they went to the McAllen Police Department to report their daughter missing (/wiki/Missing_person) . [1] (#cite_note-Monitor-1) Investigation [ edit ] On April 18, in a trail of evidence stretching several hundred yards down a McAllen road, passersby found Garza's purse, her left shoe and her lace veil. Authorities and volunteers started a search that was the largest in Rio Grande Valley history at that time. A woman claiming to be Garza called her home, saying that she had been kidnapped (/wiki/Kidnapping) and taken to a hotel in nearby Hidalgo (/wiki/Hidalgo,_Texas) , but the call was found to have been false. Another person told an Edinburg (/wiki/Edinburg,_Texas) waitress that he had killed Garza, but that was found to be a joke made after the man had been drinking heavily. [2] (#cite_note-Unholy-2) Garza's body was found in a canal on April 21, in an area several miles away from the other evidence. From the postmortem examination, medical examiners could tell that Garza had died of suffocation (/wiki/Suffocation) . She had been raped (/wiki/Rape) while unconscious and beaten. There was bruising over both of her eyes and to the right side of her face. Any physical evidence that might have identified an attacker, such as hair, blood or semen (/wiki/Semen) , appeared to have been washed away during the time the body spent in the canal. [2] (#cite_note-Unholy-2) Law enforcement officials questioned about 500 people across several Texas cities, including known sex offenders (/wiki/Sex_offender) and Garza's family members, co-workers and ex-boyfriends. [2] (#cite_note-Unholy-2) They carried out almost fifty polygraph (/wiki/Polygraph) examinations, and offered a $2,500 reward (/wiki/Bounty_(reward)) for information about her death, which was larger than any amount of money previously offered in a Rio Grande Valley murder case. [1] (#cite_note-Monitor-1) South Texas businessmen later posted $10,000 of reward money. [2] (#cite_note-Unholy-2) John Bernard Feit [ edit ] The priest who heard Garza's last confession, Father John Feit (27), came under suspicion soon after her disappearance. [2] (#cite_note-Unholy-2) Feit had been at the McAllen church since completing seminary training in San Antonio (/wiki/San_Antonio) . [3] (#cite_note-Fuentes-3) Church members reported that Feit's confession line moved slowly on the night of Garza's disappearance and that he was away from the sanctuary several times. When the canal was drained several days after the discovery of Garza's body, Feit's photo slide viewer was found. Fellow priests had noticed scratch marks on Feit's hands after Easter Vigil mass, and said it was irregular for Feit to have taken Garza to the church rectory (/wiki/Clergy_house) to hear her confession as he had reportedly done that night. [2] (#cite_note-Unholy-2) McAllen police initially stated that Feit passed polygraph tests, but the tests were later said to be inconclusive. [4] (#cite_note-Herald-4) Feit initially denied hearing Garza's confession in the rectory, but later admitted to having done so. He accounted for his absence from the sanctuary by claiming that he had broken his glasses that night; he said that he often played with his glasses nervously as he listened to confession. Feit stated that he had driven back to his church’s pastoral house, a short drive away, to get another pair of glasses, and when he arrived he had no key, so he had to climb into the house on the second floor. He said that he sustained the scratches on his hands as he was climbing the outside of the brick structure. [2] (#cite_note-Unholy-2) Three weeks before Garza's death, a woman named Maria America Guerra had been sexually (/wiki/Sexual_assault) assaulted while kneeling at the communion rail at another Catholic church in the McAllen area. [5] (#cite_note-Wang-5) Rumor held that Feit was responsible, but local church leaders discouraged people from considering the possibility that a priest could have been involved in a violent crime. Feit admitted to visiting a priest at that church on the day of Guerra's attack, but he denied assaulting her. He was later charged with rape, and the trial ended in a hung jury (/wiki/Hung_jury) . In 1962, rather than face a second trial, Feit entered a plea of no contest (/wiki/Nolo_contendere) to a misdemeanor charge of aggravated assault (/wiki/Aggravated_assault) and paid a $500 fine. [1] (#cite_note-Monitor-1) Years later, Feit said he did not understand that a no contest plea would be considered a conviction in the case. [6] (#cite_note-AGN-6) Stagnation in the case [ edit ] After the legal proceedings in the Guerra case, Feit was sent to Assumption Abbey (/wiki/Assumption_Abbey,_Missouri) , a Trappist (/wiki/Trappists) monastery in Missouri (/wiki/Missouri) . An abbot (/wiki/Abbot) at Assumption Abbey told monk Dale Tacheny that Feit had killed someone and asked Tacheny to counsel Feit for a few months to determine whether he had the disposition to become a monk. Tacheny said that Feit confessed to hurting a young lady and murdering another one, but he said it was not his job to judge Feit at the time. Feit's confession went unreported to authorities for many years. [7] (#cite_note-Santos-7) Feit did not feel comfortable with the monastic lifestyle at Assumption Abbey. [7] (#cite_note-Santos-7) He was sent to Jemez Springs (/wiki/Jemez_Springs,_New_Mexico) , New Mexico (/wiki/New_Mexico) , to a treatment retreat for troubled priests run by the Servants of the Paraclete (/wiki/Servants_of_the_Paraclete) , after which he joined the order as a staff member and worked his way into a supervisory role at the center. Father James Porter (/wiki/James_Porter_(Catholic_priest)) came to the center after he was known to have begun molesting (/wiki/Child_molestation) children in the 1960s, and Feit cleared him for placement in another parish. Porter was later defrocked (/wiki/Defrocking) and imprisoned after abusing as many as 100 children. [8] (#cite_note-DMN-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) Feit left the priesthood in the 1970s. He married, moved to the Phoenix (/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona) area and had three children. He worked at the Society of Saint Vincent de Paul (/wiki/Society_of_Saint_Vincent_de_Paul) as a food charity volunteer for seventeen years. [7] (#cite_note-Santos-7) In 2002, Tacheny decided he could no longer keep the secret of Feit's confession. Thinking that the murder had taken place in San Antonio because Feit had trained there, Tacheny called authorities in that city. The investigation into Garza's death was reopened that year. Texas Rangers (/wiki/Texas_Ranger_Division) investigator Rudy Jaramillo contacted Father Joseph O'Brien, a priest who had worked with Feit at the time of Garza's death. While O'Brien had told a television program in 2000 that he did not know anything about the murder, he admitted to Jaramillo that Feit had confessed shortly after it had taken place. [10] (#cite_note-Hours-10) Later in 2002, the polygraph examiner who had tested Feit in 1960 said that he questioned the reported results. The initial report said that Feit passed the polygraph, but the report was later edited to say that the results were inconclusive; the examiner felt all along that Feit had failed the test. [4] (#cite_note-Herald-4) Rene Guerra (no relation to Maria America Guerra), the district attorney (/wiki/District_attorney) of Hidalgo County (/wiki/Hidalgo_County,_Texas) from the 1980s until 2014, [1] (#cite_note-Monitor-1) chose not to bring the Garza case before a grand jury (/wiki/Grand_jury) until 2004. [11] (#cite_note-CNNTimeline-11) Tacheny, O'Brien and Feit did not receive subpoenas (/wiki/Subpoena) in the case, and the grand jury declined to indict (/wiki/Indictment) Feit. O'Brien died in 2005. [11] (#cite_note-CNNTimeline-11) Guerra was reluctant to revisit the case, saying that the early police investigation had been shoddy, that O'Brien was suffering from dementia (/wiki/Dementia) when he was questioned and that there was no physical evidence. He said that Jaramillo had inappropriately fed Tacheny the location of the murder after the monk mistakenly said it occurred in San Antonio. [10] (#cite_note-Hours-10) Guerra angered Garza's family by asking, "Why would anyone be haunted by her death? She died. Her killer got away." [2] (#cite_note-Unholy-2) Renewed interest [ edit ] In 2014, district court judge Ricardo Rodriguez campaigned to unseat Guerra as district attorney, and the Garza case arose as a campaign issue. [12] (#cite_note-Fischler-12) Rodriguez said that he wanted justice for the Garza family, and promised to take a new look at the case if he were elected. [13] (#cite_note-KGBT-13) In the days Rodriguez' election as district attorney, Guerra sought to appoint him as a special prosecutor (/wiki/Special_prosecutor) in the Garza case. Rodriguez declined, saying that he preferred to take a new look at the evidence once he took office in January 2015. [14] (#cite_note-Custer-14) In April, he announced that the Garza case was reopened. [13] (#cite_note-KGBT-13) In February 2016, Feit was arrested in Scottsdale (/wiki/Scottsdale,_Arizona) , Arizona (/wiki/Arizona) . [15] (#cite_note-Arrest-15) He was 83 at the time of his arrest, and he used a walker when he appeared in court. Feit was extradited (/wiki/Extradition) to Texas in March 2016 and incarcerated at the Hidalgo County Sheriff Adult Detention Facility (/wiki/Hidalgo_County_Sheriff%27s_Office_(Texas)) . [16] (#cite_note-KXAS-16) He entered a plea of not guilty. The prosecution requested a $750,000 bond (/wiki/Bail) , while the defense team asked for a $100,000 bond, adding that Feit had stage 3 kidney (/wiki/Kidney_cancer) and bladder cancer (/wiki/Bladder_cancer) . Judge Luis Singleterry set a $1 million bond. [17] (#cite_note-KGBT2-17) Status hearings in the case were held in June and November 2016, and the discovery (/wiki/Discovery_(law)) process was ongoing as of November. [18] (#cite_note-Status-18) [19] (#cite_note-NovStatus-19) In February 2017, a judge set a late April trial date, and Feit remained under medical supervision at the Hidalgo County jail. [20] (#cite_note-Tentative-20) In April 2017, Feit's defense filed for a change of venue (/wiki/Change_of_venue) because they believed that their client would not receive a fair and impartial trial (/wiki/Right_to_a_fair_trial) in Hidalgo County. They filed a 700-page document with evidence showing that reporters allegedly condemned Feit as a murderer, and that the only reason why he avoided prosecution for years was because the Roman Catholic Church (/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church) had protected him. [21] (#cite_note-21) Sometime in March, Tacheny testified against Feit in closed deposition (/wiki/Deposition_(law)) . This was permitted under Texas law given the witness' age and exclusive knowledge of the case. [22] (#cite_note-:0-22) On May 24, Judge Singleterry heard arguments from the prosecution and the defense on the request for the change of venue. [23] (#cite_note-23) On June 7, he denied a request for a change of venue after considering that the defendant failed to prove that there was prejudice against him in the Hidalgo community. [24] (#cite_note-24) On July 19, Feit appeared in court for a prehearing. [25] (#cite_note-25) The trial was expected to begin on September 11. [26] (#cite_note-26) However, on September 10, the court decided to push the trial back because of scheduling conflicts; one of Feit's attorneys was defending another high-profile murder suspect in Hidalgo County. Feit appeared in court on September 11 – for the first time without a prison uniform – expecting to face trial that week. [22] (#cite_note-:0-22) The initial phase of jury selection was done in mid-September; the trial was delayed until mid-October. [27] (#cite_note-27) On October 30, Feit's defense filed a motion for continuance; jury selection was reset to November 14 and the November 6 trial date was moved back to November 28. [28] (#cite_note-28) On December 7, Feit was convicted of Garza's murder. [29] (#cite_note-29) In the sentencing phase of the trial, Feit's defense attorney asked that Feit be given probation (/wiki/Probation) , citing his lack of felony convictions since Garza's death. The prosecution asked for a sentence of 57 years, which was symbolic of the amount of time that had passed since Garza's death, but on December 8, 2017, the jury pronounced a sentence of life in prison. [30] (#cite_note-Life-30) Feit was incarcerated at the W. J. Estelle Unit (/wiki/W._J._Estelle_Unit) , ten miles (16 km) north of central Huntsville (/wiki/Huntsville,_Texas) , Texas. He died of natural causes (/wiki/Natural_causes) on February 12, 2020. [31] (#cite_note-31) See also [ edit ] List of solved missing person cases (/wiki/List_of_solved_missing_person_cases:_pre-2000) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Hernandez, Kristian; Zazueta-Castro, Lorenzo (February 13, 2016). "Irene Garza's family feels weight has been lifted as former priest faces murder charge" (http://www.themonitor.com/news/local/irene-garza-s-family-feels-weight-has-been-lifted-as/article_08731f56-d2b9-11e5-928d-879164c36842.html) . The Monitor . Retrieved October 19, 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Colloff, Pamela (January 20, 2013). "Unholy act" (http://www.texasmonthly.com/articles/unholy-act/) . Texas Monthly (/wiki/Texas_Monthly) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20161109195315/http://www.texasmonthly.com/articles/unholy-act/) from the original on November 9, 2016 . Retrieved October 20, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Fuentes_3-0) Fuentes, Diana (February 25, 2016). "Ex-priest coming back to Texas to stand trial in the gruesome death of a Valley beauty queen" (http://www.mysanantonio.com/news/local/article/Ex-priest-coming-back-to-Texas-to-stand-trial-in-6853963.php) . Mysa . San Antonio Express-News (/wiki/San_Antonio_Express-News) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20161022182930/http://www.mysanantonio.com/news/local/article/Ex-priest-coming-back-to-Texas-to-stand-trial-in-6853963.php) from the original on October 22, 2016 . Retrieved October 20, 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b Perez-Treviño, Emma (August 11, 2002). "Priests polygraph disputed by examiner" (http://www.brownsvilleherald.com/community/article_77e54eca-4ba8-5443-ad60-ecc7cc6c9ddb.html) . The Brownsville Herald (/wiki/The_Brownsville_Herald) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190417114024/https://www.brownsvilleherald.com/community/article_77e54eca-4ba8-5443-ad60-ecc7cc6c9ddb.html) from the original on April 17, 2019 . Retrieved October 20, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Wang_5-0) Wang, Yanan (February 11, 2016). "Break in cold case: Police arrest former beauty queen's priest in her 1960 killing" (http://www.smh.com.au/world/break-in-cold-case-police-arrest-former-beauty-queens-priest-in-her-1960-killing-20160211-gmrhii.html?deviceType=text) . The Sydney Morning Herald (/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190524023746/https://www.smh.com.au/world/break-in-cold-case-police-arrest-former-beauty-queens-priest-in-her-1960-killing-20160211-gmrhii.html?deviceType=text) from the original on May 24, 2019 . Retrieved October 21, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-AGN_6-0) "Convicted priest says he was 'out of loop' (http://amarillo.com/stories/2002/07/17/tex_priestsays.shtml#.WAhVe-ArI2w) " (http://amarillo.com/stories/2002/07/17/tex_priestsays.shtml#.WAhVe-ArI2w) . amarillo.com . Amarillo Globe-News (/wiki/Amarillo_Globe-News) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20161021132743/http://amarillo.com/stories/2002/07/17/tex_priestsays.shtml#.WAhVe-ArI2w) from the original on October 21, 2016 . Retrieved October 20, 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Santos, Fernanda (February 11, 2016). "Ex-priest is arrested in 1960 killing of Texas beauty queen" (https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/12/us/texas-beauty-queen-murder-irene-garza.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160327034821/http://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/12/us/texas-beauty-queen-murder-irene-garza.html) from the original on March 27, 2016 . Retrieved October 19, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-DMN_8-0) "Ex-priest baffled by arrest in 1960 McAllen schoolteacher slaying | Texas | Dallas News" (http://www.dallasnews.com/news/texas/2016/02/10/ex-priest-baffled-by-arrest-in-1960-mcallen-schoolteacher-slaying) . DallasNews.com (/wiki/The_Dallas_Morning_News) . February 10, 2016. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20161021134107/http://www.dallasnews.com/news/texas/2016/02/10/ex-priest-baffled-by-arrest-in-1960-mcallen-schoolteacher-slaying) from the original on October 21, 2016 . Retrieved October 20, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Perez-Treviño, Emma (July 22, 2002). "40-year-old murder, unsolved, unforgotten Profile: Crime records paint portrait of murder victim" (http://www.brownsvilleherald.com/news/local/article_1ae25f4a-e4a3-58d6-be96-bd5a52865f58.html) . The Brownsville Herald (/wiki/The_Brownsville_Herald) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20171031145531/http://www.brownsvilleherald.com/news/local/article_1ae25f4a-e4a3-58d6-be96-bd5a52865f58.html) from the original on October 31, 2017 . Retrieved March 5, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b Schlesinger, Richard (April 16, 2016). "48 Hours: The last confession" (http://www.cbsnews.com/news/irene-garza-murder-former-priest-john-feit-arrested-in-beauty-queens-1960-murder/) . CBS News (/wiki/CBS_News) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20161020203223/http://www.cbsnews.com/news/irene-garza-murder-former-priest-john-feit-arrested-in-beauty-queens-1960-murder/) from the original on October 20, 2016 . Retrieved October 19, 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b Tuchman, Gary; Bronstein, Scott (June 2013). "Timeline: The killing of Irene Garza" (http://www.cnn.com/2013/05/31/justice/garza-cold-case-timeline/) . CNN.com (/wiki/CNN.com) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20161021132032/http://www.cnn.com/2013/05/31/justice/garza-cold-case-timeline/) from the original on October 21, 2016 . Retrieved October 19, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Fischler_12-0) Fischler, Jacob (March 3, 2014). "On eve of election, Rene Guerra fights back on Irene Garza issue" (http://www.themonitor.com/news/local/on-eve-of-election-rene-guerra-fights-back-on-irene/article_08da87c8-a34e-11e3-b454-0017a43b2370.html) . The Monitor (/wiki/The_Monitor_(Texas)) . Retrieved October 20, 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b Custer, Ashly (April 15, 2015). "Irene Garza's cold case under review in Hidalgo County" (http://valleycentral.com/news/local/irene-garzas-cold-case-under-review-in-hidalgo-county) . KGBT-TV (/wiki/KGBT-TV) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20161021142329/http://valleycentral.com/news/local/irene-garzas-cold-case-under-review-in-hidalgo-county) from the original on October 21, 2016 . Retrieved October 19, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Custer_14-0) Custer, Ashly (March 11, 2014). "Ricardo Rodriguez responds to Rene Guerra's request to appoint him in Irene Garza case" (http://valleycentral.com/news/local/ricardo-rodriguez-responds-to-rene-guerras-request-to-appoint-him-in-irene-garza-case) . KGBT-TV (/wiki/KGBT-TV) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20161021135423/http://valleycentral.com/news/local/ricardo-rodriguez-responds-to-rene-guerras-request-to-appoint-him-in-irene-garza-case) from the original on October 21, 2016 . Retrieved October 20, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Arrest_15-0) Jamieson, Alastair; Helsel, Phil (February 10, 2016). "Ex-priest, 83, arrested over beauty queen's 1960 murder" (https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/ex-priest-john-feit-arrested-1960-murder-irene-garza-n515551) . NBC News (/wiki/NBC_News) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20161021155128/http://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/ex-priest-john-feit-arrested-1960-murder-irene-garza-n515551) from the original on October 21, 2016 . Retrieved October 19, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-KXAS_16-0) "Ex-priest accused in woman's death extradited to TX" (http://www.nbcdfw.com/news/local/Ex-Priest-Accused-in-Womans-1960-Death-Extradited-to-Texas-371609631.html) . NBC 5 Dallas-Fort Worth (/wiki/KXAS-TV) . March 9, 2016. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170306033555/http://www.nbcdfw.com/news/local/Ex-Priest-Accused-in-Womans-1960-Death-Extradited-to-Texas-371609631.html) from the original on March 6, 2017 . Retrieved March 5, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-KGBT2_17-0) Ortiz, Analise (March 14, 2016). "Former priest pleads not guilty in Irene Garza murder case, bond set at $1 million" (http://valleycentral.com/news/local/former-priest-john-feit-pleads-not-guilty-to-killing-mcallen-beauty-queen-irene-garza) . KGBT-TV (/wiki/KGBT-TV) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20161021140204/http://valleycentral.com/news/local/former-priest-john-feit-pleads-not-guilty-to-killing-mcallen-beauty-queen-irene-garza) from the original on October 21, 2016 . Retrieved October 19, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Status_18-0) Zazueta-Castro, Lorenzo (June 6, 2016). "Former priest appears in court again; plans in works for inspection of church grounds" (http://www.themonitor.com/news/local/former-priest-appears-in-court-again-plans-in-works-for/article_9811aab6-2c09-11e6-8ad9-6fd5a3843c5b.html) . The Monitor (/wiki/The_Monitor_(Texas)) . Retrieved October 21, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-NovStatus_19-0) "No new motions filed in John Feit's pretrial hearing" (https://web.archive.org/web/20161104162651/http://www.krgv.com/story/33624292/no-new-motions-filed-in-john-feits-pretrial-hearing) . KRGV-TV (/wiki/KRGV-TV) . November 3, 2016. Archived from the original (http://www.krgv.com/story/33624292/no-new-motions-filed-in-john-feits-pretrial-hearing) on November 4, 2016 . Retrieved December 5, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Tentative_20-0) Zazueta-Castro, Lorenzo (February 13, 2017). "Tentative trial date set in Feit case" (http://www.themonitor.com/news/local/tentative-trial-date-set-in-feit-case/article_c0289698-f20d-11e6-8ea5-4370b27e5faf.html) . The Monitor (/wiki/The_Monitor_(Texas)) . Retrieved March 4, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Zazueta-Castro, Lorenzo (April 9, 2017). "Former priest's attorney files for change of venue" (http://www.brownsvilleherald.com/news/valley/article_21cc09bc-1d96-11e7-a59c-6b2a8dde9194.html) . The Brownsville Herald. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170415075848/http://www.brownsvilleherald.com/news/valley/article_21cc09bc-1d96-11e7-a59c-6b2a8dde9194.html) from the original on April 15, 2017 . Retrieved April 18, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b De la Garza, Erik (September 12, 2017). "Cold-Case Murder Trial Meets Second Delay" (https://www.courthousenews.com/cold-case-murder-trial-meets-second-delay/) . Courthouse News Service (/wiki/Courthouse_News_Service) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20171018135916/https://www.courthousenews.com/cold-case-murder-trial-meets-second-delay/) from the original on October 18, 2017 . Retrieved October 18, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) Lopez-Puente, Naxiely (May 24, 2014). "Judge mulls change of venue in Irene Garza case" (http://www.themonitor.com/news/local/article_f70fe33e-40a3-11e7-97cb-6b837f01e74b.html) . The Monitor (/wiki/The_Monitor_(Texas)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170706021103/http://www.themonitor.com/news/local/article_f70fe33e-40a3-11e7-97cb-6b837f01e74b.html) from the original on July 6, 2017 . Retrieved June 8, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Zazueta-Casto, Lorenzo (June 7, 2017). "Feit trial to remain in Hidalgo County" (http://www.themonitor.com/news/local/article_68a46e74-4b9f-11e7-98fb-b3d7e003b6c8.html) . The Monitor (/wiki/The_Monitor_(Texas)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170708151451/http://www.themonitor.com/news/local/article_68a46e74-4b9f-11e7-98fb-b3d7e003b6c8.html) from the original on July 8, 2017 . Retrieved June 8, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Martinez, Amy (July 18, 2017). "Former Priest to Appear Before Judge for Pre-Trial Hearing" (http://www.rgvproud.com/news/local-news/former-priest-to-appear-before-judge-for-pre-trial-hearing/768510675) . RGV Proud . Nexstar Media Group (/wiki/Nexstar_Media_Group) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170801032739/http://www.rgvproud.com/news/local-news/former-priest-to-appear-before-judge-for-pre-trial-hearing/768510675) from the original on August 1, 2017 . Retrieved August 1, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) Nelson, Aaron (June 8, 2017). "Fall trial for priest accused in 1960 beauty queen murder will stay in Valley" (http://www.mysanantonio.com/news/local/article/State-District-Judge-Luis-Singleterry-denied-a-11205869.php) . San Antonio Express-News (/wiki/San_Antonio_Express-News) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170805130629/http://www.mysanantonio.com/news/local/article/State-District-Judge-Luis-Singleterry-denied-a-11205869.php) from the original on August 5, 2017 . Retrieved August 1, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) Zazueta-Castro, Lorenzo (September 10, 2017). "Feit, Patterson cases intersect as trial proceedings loom" (http://www.brownsvilleherald.com/premium/article_b6ba1982-969b-11e7-bce9-973f3b3847a0.html) . The Brownsville Herald (/wiki/The_Brownsville_Herald) . [ permanent dead link ] ^ (#cite_ref-28) Smith, Molly (October 31, 2015). "Feit trial pushed back to late November" (http://www.themonitor.com/news/local/article_39d70ff0-be5b-11e7-a70a-d3f3ebd60c8e.html) . The Monitor . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20171031233026/http://www.themonitor.com/news/local/article_39d70ff0-be5b-11e7-a70a-d3f3ebd60c8e.html) from the original on October 31, 2017 . Retrieved November 13, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) "Former priest convicted of murdering Texas beauty queen in 1960" (http://www.nydailynews.com/news/crime/priest-85-convicted-murdering-texas-beauty-queen-article-1.3684955) . NY Daily News . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20171208151420/http://www.nydailynews.com/news/crime/priest-85-convicted-murdering-texas-beauty-queen-article-1.3684955) from the original on 2017-12-08 . Retrieved 2017-12-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-Life_30-0) Smith, Molly (December 8, 2017). "Former priest John Feit gets life in prison for schoolteacher's murder" (http://www.themonitor.com/irenegarza/article_84172c94-dc8d-11e7-ad35-274cee316d00.html) . The Monitor (/wiki/The_Monitor_(Texas)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20171209085247/http://www.themonitor.com/irenegarza/article_84172c94-dc8d-11e7-ad35-274cee316d00.html) from the original on December 9, 2017 . Retrieved December 9, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) Reagan, Mark (February 13, 2020). "Former priest convicted in 1960 cold case dies two years into life sentence" (https://www.themonitor.com/2020/02/13/da-former-priest-john-feit-convicted-2017-irene-garzas-murder-dies-prison/) . Themonitor.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200214000824/https://www.themonitor.com/2020/02/13/da-former-priest-john-feit-convicted-2017-irene-garzas-murder-dies-prison/) from the original on 2020-02-14 . Retrieved 2020-02-13 . Further reading [ edit ] Fanning, Diane (2016). "3". Holy Homicide . Diane Fanning (/wiki/Diane_Fanning) . p. 92. 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(Redirected from Vermilion Escada dress of Katherine Heigl (/w/index.php?title=Vermilion_Escada_dress_of_Katherine_Heigl&redirect=no) ) Overview of the events of 2008 in red carpet fashion List of years in red carpet fashion … (/wiki/Category:Years_in_red_carpet_fashion) 1998 (/w/index.php?title=1998_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 1999 (/w/index.php?title=1999_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2000 (/wiki/2000_in_red_carpet_fashion) 2001 (/wiki/2001_in_red_carpet_fashion) 2002 (/wiki/2002_in_red_carpet_fashion) 2003 (/w/index.php?title=2003_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2004 (/w/index.php?title=2004_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2005 (/w/index.php?title=2005_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2006 (/w/index.php?title=2006_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2007 (/wiki/2007_in_red_carpet_fashion) 2008 2009 (/wiki/2009_in_red_carpet_fashion) 2010 (/w/index.php?title=2010_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 (/w/index.php?title=2011_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2012 (/w/index.php?title=2012_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2013 (/w/index.php?title=2013_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2014 (/w/index.php?title=2014_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2015 (/w/index.php?title=2015_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2016 (/w/index.php?title=2016_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2017 (/w/index.php?title=2017_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) 2018 (/w/index.php?title=2018_in_red_carpet_fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) … (/wiki/Category:Years_in_red_carpet_fashion) Art (/wiki/2008_in_art) Archaeology (/wiki/2008_in_archaeology) Architecture (/wiki/2008_in_architecture) Literature (/wiki/2008_in_literature) Music (/wiki/2008_in_music) Philosophy (/wiki/2008_in_philosophy) Science (/wiki/2008_in_science) +... (/wiki/Category:2008) Red carpet fashion in 2008 was affected by the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike (/wiki/2007%E2%80%932008_Writers_Guild_of_America_strike) , which led to the cancellation of the Golden Globes that year. [1] (#cite_note-jolson-1) [2] (#cite_note-strike-2) The Oscars were dominated by uncontroversial designs in solid colours which led to criticism of "safe" choices, and drew attention to those who dressed more individually, such as Tilda Swinton (/wiki/Tilda_Swinton) and Marion Cotillard (/wiki/Marion_Cotillard) . [3] (#cite_note-hilary-3) Golden Globe Awards (January 13) [ edit ] Due to the writer's strike the 65th Golden Globe Awards (/wiki/65th_Golden_Globe_Awards) ceremony was not held, with a press conference instead announcing that year's winners. [1] (#cite_note-jolson-1) [4] (#cite_note-Cieply-4) Almost all the celebrities who intended to attend promised to boycott the awards rather than cross threatened picket lines (/wiki/Picketing_(protest)) . [4] (#cite_note-Cieply-4) The cancellation of the Golden Globes was seen as disastrous for the fashion industry, as not only were established designers affected, but the opportunity for up-and-coming designers to achieve widespread recognition through red-carpet exposure of their designs had been severely limited, particularly with the Oscars also under threat. [2] (#cite_note-strike-2) Academy Awards (February 24) [ edit ] The writer's strike, which threatened the 80th Oscars ceremony (/wiki/80th_Academy_Awards) , was lifted on February 12, enabling the event to go ahead. [5] (#cite_note-5) One-shouldered or strapless gowns and solid-coloured, predominantly red dresses were widely worn for the event, going against the trend for vibrant prints. [6] (#cite_note-few-6) Although the "uniform timelessness" of the 2008 Oscar gowns was noted and appreciated, they were also criticised for being "safe" choices. [6] (#cite_note-few-6) Hilary Alexander (/wiki/Hilary_Alexander) of The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) reported losing count of all the "fitted, strapless, fishtail hem gowns", [3] (#cite_note-hilary-3) and Hal Rubenstein, fashion director at InStyle (/wiki/InStyle) , also noticed a prevalence of timelessly classic solid-coloured strapless dresses (/wiki/Strapless_dress) . [6] (#cite_note-few-6) Simon Doonan (/wiki/Simon_Doonan) described the guests as looking like a "bunch of Republican drears on their way to a constipated night out at the local country club" in their "fussy bustier gowns", applauding Tilda Swinton (/wiki/Tilda_Swinton) 's individualism in her unusual one-sleeved black toga gown by Alber Elbaz (/wiki/Alber_Elbaz) for Lanvin (/wiki/Lanvin_(clothing)) . [7] (#cite_note-doonan-7) He said that the " lowbrow media (/wiki/Tabloid_journalism) ", by criticising anything quirky or unusual dress-wise, had led to many celebrities dressing much more cautiously in order not to attract the "fashion fascism" of negative publicity. [7] (#cite_note-doonan-7) Rubenstein also shared Doonan's admiration for Swinton's dress, saying "This unique dress may have received criticism, but taking a risk at the Oscars is a winning move that we applaud," [8] (#cite_note-8) and included it in 90th place in InStyle's list of the 100 Best Dresses of the Decade. [9] (#cite_note-90dress-9) Hilary Alexander was less convinced, calling Swinton's gown a "shroud", [3] (#cite_note-hilary-3) while others compared it to "trash bags". [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-red-11) Swinton later said that she asked for a comfortable dress that would attract minimal attention, and commented “Little did I know that the really simple, chic dress one might have worn in Paris or Berlin would stick out like a sore thumb in Los Angeles.” [12] (#cite_note-solway-12) Also standing out from the norm, but more universally approved, was Marion Cotillard (/wiki/Marion_Cotillard) 's white and silver Jean Paul Gaultier (/wiki/Jean_Paul_Gaultier) mermaid gown with a fishscale pattern which both Alexander and Rubenstein admired. [3] (#cite_note-hilary-3) [6] (#cite_note-few-6) Cotillard was also praised by The Times-Picayune (/wiki/The_Times-Picayune) for bucking the trend for red and wearing the "most inventive look of the evening", [11] (#cite_note-red-11) whilst Pieta Woolley at The Georgia Straight (/wiki/The_Georgia_Straight) said "the only truly Hollywood-worthy gown of the evening". [13] (#cite_note-13) Rubenstein, listing Cotillard's dress as one of the decade's 100 best, declared it "a great introduction for Cotillard. No one is going to repeat this dress." [14] (#cite_note-14) Cosmopolitan magazine, listing the best dresses worn on the red carpet, singled out Katherine Heigl (/wiki/Katherine_Heigl) 's relaxed, "sex bomb" appearance in her vermilion one-shouldered gown by Escada (/wiki/Escada) . [15] (#cite_note-cosmo-15) The dress was described as transforming Heigl from "daffy" into a "cinema diva" and was remembered by Heigl's stylist Nicole Chavez as a "game-changer". [16] (#cite_note-perla-16) The Rocky Mountain News (/wiki/Rocky_Mountain_News) said of Heigl, "Now, this is what a movie star should look like," [17] (#cite_note-17) and the reviewers at The Register-Mail (/wiki/The_Register-Mail) all agreed that Heigl looked outstanding. [18] (#cite_note-trm-18) Also in shades of red were Anne Hathaway (/wiki/Anne_Hathaway) , Miley Cyrus (/wiki/Miley_Cyrus) , Helen Mirren (/wiki/Helen_Mirren) , Ruby Dee (/wiki/Ruby_Dee) , and Heidi Klum (/wiki/Heidi_Klum) , whose extravagant Galliano (/wiki/John_Galliano) gown was auctioned off for the charity The Heart Truth (/wiki/The_Heart_Truth) . [6] (#cite_note-few-6) Alongside Heigl and Hathaway, one-shouldered designs were worn by Hilary Swank (/wiki/Hilary_Swank) and Olivia Thirlby (/wiki/Olivia_Thirlby) . [6] (#cite_note-few-6) Emmys (21 September) [ edit ] Fashions on the 60th Primetime Emmy Awards (/wiki/60th_Primetime_Emmy_Awards) continued the trend for bold colours and one-shoulder designs seen at the Oscars, with trends for metallic, lace and feature necklines (either plunging, sweetheart, or jewel-embellished) also observed by InStyle. [19] (#cite_note-trendsem-19) Whilst reported on at the time, few of the looks received in-depth coverage, and InStyle did not choose any dresses from the event for their Top 100 dresses of the decade. [20] (#cite_note-20) Gallery [ edit ] Teri Hatcher (/wiki/Teri_Hatcher) in a bold yellow Monique Lhuillier (/wiki/Monique_Lhuillier) strapless dress Mariska Hargitay (/wiki/Mariska_Hargitay) in a one-shouldered dress Katrina Bowden (/wiki/Katrina_Bowden) in a beaded dress with a plunging neckline Ashley Jensen (/wiki/Ashley_Jensen) in a black gown with a feature jewelled neckline Other events [ edit ] In Paris, in November 2008, Gwyneth Paltrow (/wiki/Gwyneth_Paltrow) attended the film première of Two Lovers (/wiki/Two_Lovers_(2008_film)) in a short, black-and-white trompe-l'œil (/wiki/Trompe-l%27%C5%93il) corset (/wiki/Corset) dress by Antonio Berardi (/wiki/Antonio_Berardi) . [21] (#cite_note-bbcpaltrow-21) Paltrow's choice, which revealed her underwear through sheer black lace panels, led to her being named 4th worst-dressed celebrity of the year by Time (/wiki/Time_(magazine)) . [22] (#cite_note-22) However, it received international attention with one French publication praising its combination of modernity, boldness and minimalism. [23] (#cite_note-23) Spanish language publications commented on how Paltrow successfully combined her " Laura Ingalls (/wiki/Laura_Ingalls_Wilder) " sweetness with elements of " punk (/wiki/Punk_subculture) " edginess, [24] (#cite_note-24) in her on-trend corset-and-lingerie-inspired dress, with ¡Hola! (/wiki/%C2%A1Hola!) using it as an illustration of the new fashion. [25] (#cite_note-25) The dress, which Paltrow described as "one of the absolute favourite dresses I have worn," was subsequently selected by Lucy Yeomans (/wiki/Lucy_Yeomans) of Harper's Bazaar UK (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar#Harper's_Bazaar_UK) to be the 2009 Dress of the Year (/wiki/Dress_of_the_Year) in the permanent collection of the Fashion Museum, Bath (/wiki/Fashion_Museum,_Bath) . [21] (#cite_note-bbcpaltrow-21) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Jolson, Jeffrey (7 January 2008). "NBC Cancels Globe Telecast, But will Stars Party On?" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100616163002/http://www.hollywoodtoday.net/2008/01/07/nbc-cancels-globe-telecast-but-will-stars-party-on/) . Hollywood Today . Archived from the original (http://www.hollywoodtoday.net/2008/01/07/nbc-cancels-globe-telecast-but-will-stars-party-on/) on 16 June 2010 . Retrieved 17 June 2012 . ^ Jump up to: a b Jones, LaMont (14 January 2008). "Writers' strike is cutting fashion industry's red-carpet exposure" (http://www.post-gazette.com/stories/sectionfront/life/writers-strike-is-cutting-fashion-industrys-red-carpet-exposure-375885/) . Pittsburgh Post Gazette . Retrieved 18 June 2012 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Alexander, Hilary (25 February 2008). "The best and worst Oscar-night dresses" (https://archive.today/20130505050945/http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/columns/hilary-alexander/TMG3364586/The-best-and-worst-Oscar-night-dresses.html) . The Daily Telegraph . Archived from the original (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/columns/hilary-alexander/TMG3364586/The-best-and-worst-Oscar-night-dresses.html) on 5 May 2013 . Retrieved 13 April 2013 . ^ Jump up to: a b Cieply, Michael & Carr, David (January 8, 2008). "No Golden Globes Show, Just a News Conference" (https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/08/arts/television/08cnd-globes.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . Retrieved January 8, 2008 . the Hollywood Foreign Press Association announced Monday that the festive awards dinner will be replaced by a news conference at 9 p.m. Eastern time next Sunday night to announce the actual winners ^ (#cite_ref-5) Elber, Lynn (February 13, 2008). "Writers Vote to End 3-Month Walkout" (https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/wireStory?id=4277987) . ABC News (/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)) . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Critchell, Samantha (27 February 2008). "Few fashion faux pas on Oscar red carpet" (http://www.edgeboston.com/index.php?id=70815) . The Edge, Boston . Retrieved 13 April 2013 . ^ Jump up to: a b Doonan, Simon (April 2008). "La Swinton Sweeps Oscars in Lanvin" (https://observer.com/2008/03/la-swinton-sweeps-oscars-in-lanvin/) . The New York Observer . Retrieved 13 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "The Best of 2008: 20 Best Red Carpet Dresses: Tilda Swinton in Lanvin" (http://www.instyle.com/instyle/package/general/photos/0,,20239632_20240497_20543589,00.html) . InStyle . Retrieved 13 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-90dress_9-0) Rubenstein, Hal. "100 Best Dresses of the Decade: Tilda Swinton in Lanvin" (http://www.instyle.com/instyle/package/general/photos/0,,20396039_20327331_20711409,00.html) . InStyle . Retrieved 13 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Agrawai, Meeta. "Oscar Dresses: All-Time Best (and Worst)" (https://archive.today/20130629034351/http://www.ew.com/ew/gallery/0,,20312010_20688552,00.html) . Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original (http://www.ew.com/ew/gallery/0,,20312010_20688552,00.html) on June 29, 2013 . Retrieved 13 April 2013 . ^ Jump up to: a b Langenhennig, Susan (26 February 2008). "Oscars fashion: painting the town red" (http://www.nola.com/living/index.ssf/2008/02/oscars_fashion_painting_the_to.html) . The Times-Picayune . Retrieved 13 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-solway_12-0) Solway, Diane (August 2011). "Planet Tilda" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110713144952/http://www.wmagazine.com/fashion/2011/08/tilda-swinton-cover-story-fashion) . W Magazine . Archived from the original (http://www.wmagazine.com/fashion/2011/08/tilda-swinton-cover-story-fashion) on 13 July 2011 . Retrieved 13 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Woolley, Pieta (25 February 2008). "Marion Cotillard shines, but 2008's other Oscar stars didn't dress to impress" (https://www.straight.com/blogra/marion-cotillard-shines-2008s-other-oscar-stars-didnt-dress-impress) . The Georgia Straight . Retrieved 13 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Rubenstein, Hal. "100 Best Dresses of the Decade: Marion Cotillard in Jean Paul Gaultier" (http://www.instyle.com/instyle/package/general/photos/0,,20396039_20327331_20706621,00.html#20706931) . InStyle . Retrieved 13 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-cosmo_15-0) "Oscars Best and Worst Dressed" (http://www.cosmopolitan.com/celebrity/red-carpet-dresses/best-and-worst-oscar-style) . Cosmopolitan (/wiki/Cosmopolitan_(magazine)) . 25 February 2011 . Retrieved 24 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-perla_16-0) La Ferla, Ruth (January 20, 2012). "The Power Stylists of Hollywood" (https://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/15/fashion/hollywoods-power-stylists.html?_r=1) . The New York Times . Retrieved 21 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Kennedy, Lesley (1 January 2009). "2008's Best-Dressed" (http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=RM&p_theme=rm&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=12572B2DA45DC8B0&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM) . Rocky Mountain News . Retrieved 13 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-trm_18-0) "Oscars:Glam or gaaack?" (https://web.archive.org/web/20090214011649/http://www.galesburg.com/lifestyles/x1637673810) . The Register-Mail . 25 February 2008. Archived from the original (http://www.galesburg.com/lifestyles/x1637673810) on 14 February 2009 . Retrieved 13 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-trendsem_19-0) "Emmy Awards 2008: Top Fashion Trends" (http://www.instyle.com/instyle/package/emmys/photos/0,,20227798,00.html) . InStyle . September 2008 . Retrieved 13 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Rubenstein, Hal. "100 Best Dresses of the Decade" (http://www.instyle.com/instyle/package/general/photos/0,,20396039_20327331_20710969,00.html#20708574) . InStyle . Retrieved 12 April 2013 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Bath Fashion Museum announces new Dress of the Year" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/bristol/hi/people_and_places/newsid_8503000/8503918.stm) . BBC News . 8 February 2010 . Retrieved 26 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Moore, Sara (24 December 2008). "Time Magazine's worst dressed celebrities of 2008" (http://www.fushionmag.com/entertainment/entertainmentnews/time-magazines-worst-dressed-celebrities-of-2008/) . Fushion Magazine . Retrieved 26 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) Coco (14 November 2008). "Tendance dentelle impudique" (http://www.tendances-de-mode.com/2008/11/14/1120-tendance-dentelle-impudique) . Tendances de Mode . Retrieved 26 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Serrano, Ana (7 November 2008). "Gwyneth ha perdido el norte, pero le sienta tan bien..." (http://www.soitu.es/soitu/2008/11/07/tendencias/1226056444_466192.html) Soitu.es . Retrieved 26 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Revolución en el mundo de la corsetería: del interior al exterior" (http://www.hola.com/moda/tendencias/2008/11/14/fw0809-in-out/) . ¡Hola! . November 2008 . Retrieved 26 April 2013 . 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American fashion designer Ryan Jude Novelline Nationality Italian-American Alma mater Rhode Island School of Design (/wiki/Rhode_Island_School_of_Design) Known for Contemporary art (/wiki/Contemporary_art) Fashion Design Parent Lisa Anne Novelline (/wiki/Lisa_Anne_Novelline) (mother) Website www (http://www.ryanjudenovelline.com) .ryanjudenovelline (http://www.ryanjudenovelline.com) .com (http://www.ryanjudenovelline.com) Ryan Jude Novelline ( / (/wiki/Help:IPA/English) ˈ n ɒ v ɪ l iː n / (/wiki/Help:IPA/English) NOV -i-leen ) is an Italian–American contemporary artist (/wiki/Contemporary_artist) and clothing designer (/wiki/Clothing_designer) , [1] (#cite_note-seacoast-1) [2] (#cite_note-huffpost-2) and is known on social media as the Royal Dressmaker . [3] (#cite_note-:3-3) [4] (#cite_note-:4-4) Early life and education [ edit ] Novelline is the second of four male children born to Dave, an information technology professional, and Lisa Anne Novelline (/wiki/Lisa_Anne_Novelline) , an author and former dancer who performed with the Boston Ballet (/wiki/Boston_Ballet) . [5] (#cite_note-novhouse-5) He credits The Secret Garden (/wiki/The_Secret_Garden_(1993_film)) , Scott Gustafson (/wiki/Scott_Gustafson) ’s illustrations for Peter Pan (/wiki/Peter_Pan) , and playing with Barbie (/wiki/Barbie) dolls as childhood, creative influences. [6] (#cite_note-:0-6) He attended Lexington High School (/wiki/Lexington_High_School_(Massachusetts)) where he received a gold key prize from the Alliance for Young Artists & Writers (/wiki/Alliance_for_Young_Artists_%26_Writers) for a self-portrait drawing and awards for high academic achievement. [7] (#cite_note-globe1-7) [8] (#cite_note-lexlocal-8) He completed his BFA in Illustration at the Rhode Island School of Design (/wiki/Rhode_Island_School_of_Design) and interned for Diane von Fürstenberg (/wiki/Diane_von_F%C3%BCrstenberg) and Walt Disney Imagineering (/wiki/Walt_Disney_Imagineering) . [9] (#cite_note-pw-9) [10] (#cite_note-:1-10) Selected works [ edit ] The Golden Book Gown 2008–2012: RISD [ edit ] In 2008 Novelline was commissioned, among other RISD (/wiki/Rhode_Island_School_of_Design) students and faculty, by GAP (/wiki/Gap_Inc.) creative director Patrick Robinson (/wiki/Patrick_Robinson_(fashion_designer)) to create one-of-a-kind cardigans that would be sold out of GAP's flagship store on Fifth Avenue (/wiki/Fifth_Avenue) in New York. [11] (#cite_note-gap-11) In 2011 Novelline created designs that were shown at Harvard University (/wiki/Harvard_University) 's fashion show, Eleganza . One of his dresses, an aquamarine and topaz Swarovski (/wiki/Swarovski) crystal-embellished gown, was made from repurposed hotel curtains and modeled by Sonia Dara (/wiki/List_of_Sports_Illustrated_Swimsuit_Edition_models#D) . [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-asiangeo-13) The Golden Book Gown [ edit ] During an elective college course in RISD's fashion department in 2010, Novelline created a garment from recycled materials. He acquired hundreds of recycled and discarded Little Golden Books (/wiki/Little_Golden_Books) from the Salvation Army (/wiki/Salvation_Army) and eBay (/wiki/EBay) [14] (#cite_note-vemale-14) to construct a dress comprised entirely of the illustrations from the books sewn together with metallic gold thread, and a bodice was made from the books' foil spines. [15] (#cite_note-treehugger-15) [16] (#cite_note-vietnam-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) Tommy Hilfiger (/wiki/Tommy_Hilfiger) called the piece "amazing". [19] (#cite_note-oakland-19) The work of contemporary art, titled The Golden Book Gown , received widespread attention for its design and innovative use of material. [1] (#cite_note-seacoast-1) According to Italian Glamour (https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glamour_(rivista)) , the piece "lascia tutti a bocca aperta" or "left everyone in awe." [20] (#cite_note-styloit-20) Publishers Weekly (/wiki/Publishers_Weekly) said that the dress "proves that green fashion can provide as rich a fantasia as can be imagined." [9] (#cite_note-pw-9) The gown was voted the "most creative" fashion design of 2011 by Ecouterre . [21] (#cite_note-21) 2013–2019 [ edit ] In 2014, Novelline made a dress from the pages of recycled graphic novels for Maisie Williams (/wiki/Maisie_Williams) that she wore as a guest judge for Bookbarn International's Out of Print Fashion Show. [22] (#cite_note-wells3-22) [23] (#cite_note-wgaz-23) She wore the dress a second time at the Entertainment Weekly (/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly) party at San Diego Comic Con (/wiki/San_Diego_Comic-Con_International) . The dress, called ZAM! , included pages from X-Men (/wiki/X-Men) , Sandman , Sailor Moon (/wiki/Sailor_Moon) , and Game of Thrones (/wiki/Game_of_Thrones) . [24] (#cite_note-mtv_maisie-24) According to The Huffington Post (/wiki/The_Huffington_Post) , the paper dress was "the coolest thing at Comic Con" [25] (#cite_note-huffpost_maisie-25) and later named among Williams’ "Best Looks" by Vogue . [26] (#cite_note-26) Novelline collaborated on the children's book Piccadilly and the Fairy Polka contributing as the art director and illustrator of the book casing and dust jacket. [5] (#cite_note-novhouse-5) In 2015, he created a series of illustrations of Tyler Oakley (/wiki/Tyler_Oakley) as Disney Princesses (/wiki/Disney_Princesses) that were featured on Oakley's Tumblr (/wiki/Tumblr) . [27] (#cite_note-27) Influenced by a long-standing interest in fashion dolls (/wiki/Fashion_dolls) , [6] (#cite_note-:0-6) he has made paper dolls (/wiki/Paper_dolls) [10] (#cite_note-:1-10) and art dolls (/wiki/Art_dolls) wearing his own designs. [5] (#cite_note-novhouse-5) In recognition of the Supreme Court's decision to recognize marriage equality (/wiki/Same-sex_marriage) in all 50 states, he created a commemorative art doll from an upcycled (/wiki/Upcycle) Barbie (/wiki/Barbie) . The doll wore a rainbow gown and carried an American pride flag (/wiki/Rainbow_flag_(LGBT_movement)) in one hand and a marriage license dated June 26, 2015, in the other. [28] (#cite_note-28) Based on the fairy-tale Undine (/wiki/Undine) , Novelline showed a gown called Beyond Blue as cosplay (/wiki/Cosplay) during New York Comic-Con (/wiki/New_York_Comic_Con) in 2017. The hemp-silk (/wiki/Sustainable_fashion#Hemp) gown weighed over 50 pounds, had a 13-foot cathedral train (/wiki/Cathedral_train) , and featured over 20,000 hand-placed, Swarovski (/wiki/Swarovski) crystals. The fabric print featured a round composition of mermaids (/wiki/Mermaid) taken from one of the artist's original paintings. The blue gown was listed among the years "Best Cosplay" and compared to Elsa (/wiki/Elsa_(Frozen)) ’s design from Frozen . [29] (#cite_note-29) [30] (#cite_note-30) [31] (#cite_note-31) [32] (#cite_note-wickedlocal2-32) [33] (#cite_note-:2-33) In 2019, he returned to New York Comic-Con with a gown based on the story of Sleeping Beauty (/wiki/Sleeping_Beauty) called The Good Fairy. According to him, the look "celebrate[d] not just the final character, but the process of creating one.“ The design was also listed among the year's “Best Cosplay". [34] (#cite_note-34) [35] (#cite_note-35) [36] (#cite_note-36) 2020-present [ edit ] Dutch influencer Rose Nora Anna danced to Billy Joel (/wiki/Billy_Joel) 's Uptown Girl (/wiki/Uptown_Girl) in a TikTok (/wiki/TikTok) wearing a replica dress by Novelline of Princess Diana's (/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales) blue Catherine Walker (/wiki/Catherine_Walker_(fashion_designer)) gown originally worn to the 1987 Cannes Film Festival (/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival) . [3] (#cite_note-:3-3) [4] (#cite_note-:4-4) [37] (#cite_note-37) [38] (#cite_note-38) TikTok's Queen Astraea also ran through New York City in one of his dresses. [39] (#cite_note-39) [40] (#cite_note-40) Exhibitions [ edit ] Novelline's Golden Book Gown was displayed at the Scottish Rite Masonic Museum & Library (/wiki/National_Heritage_Museum) [41] (#cite_note-41) and was the centerpiece of an exhibit at the Drift Contemporary Art Gallery (/wiki/Wentworth-Coolidge_Mansion#Drift_Contemporary_Art_Gallery) in 2013. At this show, he asked visitors to consider whether or not "the stories of our past become part of a sustainable future." [1] (#cite_note-seacoast-1) Novelline was a guest speaker at Asian Geographic (/wiki/Asian_Geographic) ’s 2018 Asia Dive Expos (ADEX) in Singapore in April and again in Beijing in October. He presented Beyond Blue as part of a Mermaid Festival. [42] (#cite_note-42) [43] (#cite_note-43) [33] (#cite_note-:2-33) See also [ edit ] Novelline, Lisa Anne (2014). Piccadilly and the Fairy Polka (illustrated ed.). Lexington, MA. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0983531111 . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) Dodds, Felix (2021). Tomorrow's People and New Technology: Changing How We Live Our Lives . Taylor & Francis. p. 162. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781000467673 . References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c "Drift Gallery has the 'Last Word' — reception Sept. 28" (http://www.seacoastonline.com/articles/20130926-ENTERTAIN-309260322) , Sea Coast Online , September 26, 2013, archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140203142255/http://www.seacoastonline.com/articles/20130926-ENTERTAIN-309260322) from the original on February 3, 2014 , retrieved March 20, 2014 ^ (#cite_ref-huffpost_2-0) "How To Be An Ethical Shopper And Look Good Doing It" (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/03/19/ethical-shopping-tips_n_4853512.html#slide=3500560) , The Huffington Post (/wiki/The_Huffington_Post) , March 19, 2014, archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140405091248/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/03/19/ethical-shopping-tips_n_4853512.html) from the original on April 5, 2014 , retrieved March 19, 2014 ^ Jump up to: a b Balao, Neia (February 24, 2023). "TikToker transforms herself into Princess Diana: 'I GASPED' (https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/news/tiktoker-transforms-herself-princess-diana-211327910.html) " (https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/news/tiktoker-transforms-herself-princess-diana-211327910.html) . Yahoo (/wiki/Yahoo) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230226025156/https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/news/tiktoker-transforms-herself-princess-diana-211327910.html) from the original on February 26, 2023 . Retrieved March 24, 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b Lloyd, Andrew (February 27, 2023). "A TikToker stunned viewers by going to extreme lengths to recreate a 1987 Princess Diana look, enlisting a professional hairstylist and gown designer" (https://www.msn.com/en-us/lifestyle/lifestyle-buzz/a-tiktoker-stunned-viewers-by-going-to-extreme-lengths-to-recreate-a-1987-princess-diana-look-enlisting-a-professional-hairstylist-and-gown-designer/ar-AA1803Fh) . MSN (/wiki/MSN) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230325032452/https://www.msn.com/en-us/lifestyle/lifestyle-buzz/a-tiktoker-stunned-viewers-by-going-to-extreme-lengths-to-recreate-a-1987-princess-diana-look-enlisting-a-professional-hairstylist-and-gown-designer/ar-AA1803Fh) from the original on March 25, 2023. ^ Jump up to: a b c Campbell, Ami (October 2, 2014), Lexington's Novellines 'A Power House' of Creativity , vol. 149, Lexington, MA: Lexington Minuteman (/wiki/Wicked_Local) , p. C1, archived from the original (http://lexington.wickedlocal.com/article/20141006/News/141007645/) (Print & Web) on October 16, 2014 , retrieved October 7, 2014 ^ Jump up to: a b Henseler, Christine (April 3, 2017). "Ryan Jude Novelline Is A Fearless Fashion Designer Who Transforms Trash Into Treasure" (https://www.huffpost.com/entry/ryan-jude-novelline-is-a-fearless-fashion-designer_b_58e2eff1e4b09deecf0e197a) . HuffPost (/wiki/HuffPost) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200301220509/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/ryan-jude-novelline-is-a-fearless-fashion-designer_b_58e2eff1e4b09deecf0e197a) from the original on March 1, 2020 . 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External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.ryanjudenovelline.com/) Portals (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals) : Fashion (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Visual arts (/wiki/Portal:Visual_arts) Disney (/wiki/Portal:Disney) Ryan Jude Novelline at Wikipedia's sister projects : Media (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ryan_Jude_Novelline) from Commons Data (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7384203) from Wikidata NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐c85b9bc65‐hkjgt Cached time: 20240719175014 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.604 seconds Real time usage: 0.817 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3946/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 103424/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1715/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 179254/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.419/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7310639/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 741.631 1 -total 30.65% 227.280 1 Template:Reflist 20.29% 150.473 1 Template:Infobox_artist 12.17% 90.228 21 Template:Citation 11.64% 86.316 2 Template:Cite_book 10.23% 75.878 1 Template:Subject_bar 8.04% 59.595 1 Template:Short_description 7.84% 58.177 1 Template:IPAc-en 6.72% 49.860 11 Template:Cite_web 5.17% 38.365 9 Template:Cite_news Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:36120717-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719175014 and revision id 1232446154. 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Italian fashion designer (born 1958) Domenico Dolce Dolce in 2016 Born ( 1958-08-13 ) 13 August 1958 (age 65) [1] (#cite_note-biochannel-1) Polizzi Generosa (/wiki/Polizzi_Generosa) , Sicily, Italy Occupation Fashion designer Known for Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) Partner Stefano Gabbana (/wiki/Stefano_Gabbana) (1982–2003) Domenico Mario Assunto Dolce [2] (#cite_note-2) ( Italian: [doˈmeːniko (/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian) ˈdoltʃe] (/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian) ; born 13 August 1958) is an Italian (/wiki/Italians) fashion designer and entrepreneur. Along with Stefano Gabbana (/wiki/Stefano_Gabbana) , he is one half of the luxury fashion house Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) (D&G). Since founding D&G in 1985, Dolce has become one of the world's most influential fashion designers and an industry icon. [3] (#cite_note-forbes-3) Early life and education [ edit ] Dolce was born in Polizzi Generosa (/wiki/Polizzi_Generosa) , Sicily, in 1958. His father was a tailor and his mother sold fabrics and apparel. He moved to Milan to attend the fashion design school Istituto Marangoni (/wiki/Istituto_Marangoni) , but he dropped out before graduating, confident he knew enough to work in the industry. His dream was to work for Armani (/wiki/Armani) . [3] (#cite_note-forbes-3) Career [ edit ] Main article: Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) Dolce & Gabbana store in Kobe (/wiki/Kobe) , Japan In 1980, Dolce met Stefano Gabbana (/wiki/Stefano_Gabbana) through Dolce's employer, designer Giorgio Correggiari. [1] (#cite_note-biochannel-1) In 1983, Gabbana and Dolce left Correggiari to work on their own; two years later, they launched Dolce & Gabbana S.p.A. (D&G). [3] (#cite_note-forbes-3) In October 1985, the Dolce & Gabbana brand made its fashion show debut at Milano Collezioni's Nuovi Talenti (New Talents). In March 1986, D&G released its first collection and held its own show, "Real Women." In 1987, the first D&G store opened in Milan, at 7 Via Santa Cecilia. In 1988, D&G established a partnership with Dolce's father, Saverio, who owned the manufacturing company Dolce Saverio in Legnano (/wiki/Legnano) , near Milan. [4] (#cite_note-dg2-4) D&G continued to expand, holding its first fashion shows in Tokyo (April 1989) and New York (April 1990), and releasing new collection lines, including its first lingerie and beachwear line in July 1989, and its first menswear line in January 1990. In November 1990, D&G opened its New York City showroom at 532 Broadway (/wiki/Broadway_(Manhattan)) in SoHo, Manhattan (/wiki/SoHo,_Manhattan) . D&G released its first fragrance, Dolce & Gabbana Parfum, in October 1992. [4] (#cite_note-dg2-4) In 1993, the Italian designers received worldwide fame when Madonna (/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)) chose D&G to design the costumes for her Girlie Show World Tour (/wiki/The_Girlie_Show_World_Tour) . [3] (#cite_note-forbes-3) They have since gone on to design for Monica Bellucci (/wiki/Monica_Bellucci) , Kylie Minogue (/wiki/Kylie_Minogue) , Angelina Jolie (/wiki/Angelina_Jolie) and Isabella Rossellini (/wiki/Isabella_Rossellini) . [5] (#cite_note-dg-5) Later additions to the D&G line included ties, belts, handbags, sunglasses, watches and footwear. By 2003, the company overcame Armani (/wiki/Armani) , Gucci (/wiki/Gucci) , Prada (/wiki/Prada) , and Versace (/wiki/Versace) in Italy domestic market. In 2009, nearly 25 years after D&G opened, the company had 113 stores and 21 factory outlets, a staff of 3,500 people and an annual turnover of more than €1 billion. [6] (#cite_note-treccani-6) Personal life [ edit ] Dolce and Gabbana were an open couple for many years. [7] (#cite_note-nyt-7) The couple made its coming out in 1999. [8] (#cite_note-8) Following their success, they lived in a 19th-century villa in Milan, and owned several properties on the French Riviera. [1] (#cite_note-biochannel-1) They also own a villa in Portofino (/wiki/Portofino) . [9] (#cite_note-9) They ended their long-time relationship in 2003, but the pair still work together at D&G. As of October 2015, Dolce was the 27th richest person in Italy with a net worth of approximately US$1.74 billion, according to Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) . [3] (#cite_note-forbes-3) Controversies [ edit ] In 2013, both Domenico Dolce and Stefano Gabbana were convicted of tax evasion (/wiki/Tax_evasion) and sentenced to a 20-month suspended sentence (/wiki/Suspended_sentence) in prison. An Italian court found the pair guilty of failing to declare millions of euros of revenue earned through a D&G subsidiary company, Gado, based in Luxembourg. They denied the charges and appealed the case; in October 2014, they were both cleared of wrongdoing by the appellate court. [10] (#cite_note-bbc-10) In March 2015, Dolce's comments about in vitro fertilization (/wiki/In_vitro_fertilisation) (IVF) sparked a social media storm of criticism. [11] (#cite_note-cnn-11) In an interview with Panorama (/wiki/Panorama_(magazine)) magazine, Dolce said, "I am gay. I cannot have a child. I believe you cannot have everything in life.... You are born from a father and a mother. Or at least that is how it should be. For this reason I am not convinced by what I call children of chemistry, or synthetic children. Uteruses for rent, sperm chosen from a catalogue." British singer-songwriter Elton John (/wiki/Elton_John) , who has children by IVF with his husband David Furnish (/wiki/David_Furnish) , called for a boycott of the D&G brand. This sparked a war of words, with Gabbana later calling John a "fascist" and calling for a counter-boycott. [7] (#cite_note-nyt-7) He ended up apologizing for his remark. [12] (#cite_note-12) Honours [ edit ] Gabbana and Dolce have received numerous honours for their fashion and cultural contributions. Their first fashion award, the International Woolmark Prize, came in 1991. In 1993, their Dolce & Gabbana Parfum was named the Best Fragrance of the Year. [1] (#cite_note-biochannel-1) In 2009, the City of Milan awarded them the Ambrogino Gold medal; in 2014, they announced intentions to return it after a city council member called them tax evaders. [13] (#cite_note-13) In 2014, the La Fondazione NY, a charity aimed at supporting young Italian and American artists, honoured Gabbana, Dolce and film director Baz Luhrmann at its third awards gala at the Museum of the Moving Image (/wiki/Museum_of_the_Moving_Image_(New_York_City)) in New York City. "We live with movies – our inspiration all the time is movies and we make our collection like a movie," Gabbana said during the event. [14] (#cite_note-ansa-14) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Dolce & Gabbana Biography" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120815181601/http://www.thebiographychannel.co.uk/biographies/dolce-gabbana.html) . The Biography Channel (/wiki/The_Biography_Channel_(UK_and_Ireland)) . Archived from the original (http://www.thebiographychannel.co.uk/biographies/dolce-gabbana.html) on 15 August 2012 . Retrieved 19 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Baptized as Domenico Maria Assunta Dolce; see "Sopravvivere con focacce e latte" (http://www.corriere.it/sette/13_gennaio_29/2013-05-stella-dolce-gabbana_1efde944-6a17-11e2-9ade-d0fed6564ad7.shtml) . Sette- Corriere della Sera (/wiki/Corriere_della_Sera) . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Domenico Dolce" (https://www.forbes.com/profile/domenico-dolce/) . Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) . Retrieved 3 March 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "D&G Corporate History: Main stages" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120529215144/http://www.dolcegabbana.com/corporate/en/history/main-stages.html) . Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) . Archived from the original (http://www.dolcegabbana.com/corporate/en/history/main-stages.html) on 29 May 2012 . Retrieved 19 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-dg_5-0) "Who is Dolce & Gabbana" (https://web.archive.org/web/20181231153736/http://www.dolcegabbana.com/corporate/en/group/company.html) . Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) . Archived from the original (http://www.dolcegabbana.com/corporate/en/group/company.html) on 31 December 2018 . Retrieved 19 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-treccani_6-0) "Dolce & Gabbana" (http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/dolce-gabbana_(Dizionario-di-Economia-e-Finanza)/) (in Italian). Dizionario di Economia e Finanza (2012) . Retrieved 19 March 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Jacob Bernstein (18 March 2015). "Dolce & Gabbana Comments Trigger Public Outrage ... and Uncomfortable Silence" (https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/19/fashion/dolce-gabbana-comments-trigger-public-outrage-and-uncomfortable-silence.html?_r=0) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . Retrieved 19 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "la Repubblica/politica: L'Outing di Dolce e Gabbana 'Fate come no, dichiaratelo' (https://www.repubblica.it/online/politica/gaypride1/dolce/dolce.html) " (https://www.repubblica.it/online/politica/gaypride1/dolce/dolce.html) . www.repubblica.it . Retrieved 11 September 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Luckel, Madeleine (25 September 2016). "Inside Dolce and Gabbana's Portofino Villa" (https://www.vogue.com/article/dolce-and-gabbana-portofino-home-from-the-archives) . Vogue . Retrieved 11 September 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-bbc_10-0) "Dolce & Gabbana cleared in Italian tax-evasion case" (https://www.bbc.com/news/business-29764828) . BBC News (/wiki/BBC_News) . 24 October 2014 . Retrieved 19 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-cnn_11-0) Anna Coren; Madison Park (18 March 2015). "CNN Exclusive: Dolce & Gabbana: We don't judge on IVF" (http://www.cnn.com/2015/03/18/world/dolce-gabbana-ivf/) . CNN (/wiki/CNN) . Retrieved 19 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Ferrier, Morwenna (17 August 2015). "Domenico Dolce apologises for remarks about IVF and gay families" (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2015/aug/17/domenico-dolce-apologises-for-remarks-about-ivf-and-gay-families) . the Guardian . Retrieved 11 September 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Dolce & Gabbana to return Milan award after tax dispute" (http://www.ansa.it/english/news/2014/10/28/dolce-gabbana-to-return-milan-award-after-tax-dispute_d0326969-0d1f-4ecb-a287-6ca960cd3f63.html) . ANSA (/wiki/Agenzia_Nazionale_Stampa_Associata) . 28 October 2014 . Retrieved 19 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-ansa_14-0) Valeria Robecco (11 December 2014). "Dolce and Gabbana honoured by La Fondazione NY" (http://www.ansa.it/english/news/lifestyle/fashion_luxury/2014/12/10/dolce-and-gabbana-honoured-in-ny_23438261-0dab-4b74-afcc-0b82c7397add.html) . ANSA (/wiki/Agenzia_Nazionale_Stampa_Associata) . Retrieved 19 March 2015 . 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Jewelry and wristwatch retailer This article contains content that is written like an advertisement (/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_soapbox_or_means_of_promotion) . Please help improve it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jacob_%26_Co&action=edit) by removing promotional content (/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam) and inappropriate external links (/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links#Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest) , and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) . ( March 2023 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Jacob & Co. Company type Private (/wiki/Privately_held_company) Industry Jewelers (/wiki/Jewellery) , Luxury goods (/wiki/Luxury_goods) Founded New York (/wiki/New_York_City,_New_York) 1986 Founder Jacob Arabo (/wiki/Jacob_Arabo) Headquarters New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) , United States (/wiki/United_States) Area served Worldwide Key people Jacob Arabo (/wiki/Jacob_Arabo) Founder and Chairman Products Jewelry (/wiki/Jewelry) , Watches (/wiki/Watches) Website jacobandco (https://jacobandco.com/) .com (https://jacobandco.com/) Jacob & Co. is an American privately held jewelry (/wiki/Jewelry) and wristwatch (/wiki/Wristwatch) retailer founded in 1986 by diamond designer Jacob Arabo (/wiki/Jacob_Arabo) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Its flagship boutique and corporate headquarters are located in Manhattan (/wiki/Manhattan) , New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . [2] (#cite_note-2) History [ edit ] After graduating early from a jewelry design course in 1981 in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) , Jacob Arabo (/wiki/Jacob_Arabo) opened a small booth in New York City's Diamond District (/wiki/Diamond_District,_Manhattan) , where he began designing for jewelry labels and private clients. [3] (#cite_note-press-3) [4] (#cite_note-media-4) In 1986, Arabo opened his own company, called "Diamond Quasar," and began designing under his own label, named "Jacob & Co." [3] (#cite_note-press-3) [4] (#cite_note-media-4) The brand quickly gained popularity in New York and was able to expand its business to the luxury watchmaking industry in 2002. [5] (#cite_note-Jspace-5) In 1986, Jacob Arabo founded the retail jewelry company, Diamond Quasar, doing business under the Jacob & Co. name. [6] (#cite_note-en.worldtempus.com-6) By the early 1990s, he had established his own kiosk in New York's Diamond District (/wiki/Diamond_District) and his innovative jewels caught the attention of the late rapper Notorious B.I.G. (/wiki/Notorious_B.I.G.) , who gave him the moniker "Jacob the Jeweler," and introduced him to his entertainment friends. [7] (#cite_note-naturaldiamonds-7) The jeweler started collaborating with entertainers on custom designs. In the 1990s he was one of the first jewelers to create big diamond jewels for men, a trend that is mainstream today. [7] (#cite_note-naturaldiamonds-7) Hip-Hop stars who were Arabo's clients included Sean "Puffy" Combs (/wiki/Sean_Combs) , Biz, Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) , Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) , 50 Cent (/wiki/50_Cent) , and Big Sean (/wiki/Big_Sean) . [6] (#cite_note-en.worldtempus.com-6) His clientele expanded to various well-known entertainers and athletes, including Madonna (/wiki/Madonna) , Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) , Pharrell (/wiki/Pharrell) , Elton John (/wiki/Elton_John) , David (/wiki/David_Beckham) and Victoria Beckham (/wiki/Victoria_Beckham) , Jennifer Lopez (/wiki/Jennifer_Lopez) , Salma Hayek (/wiki/Salma_Hayek) , Sofia Vergara (/wiki/Sofia_Vergara) , Michael Jordan (/wiki/Michael_Jordan) , and Mariah Carey (/wiki/Mariah_Carey) . [8] (#cite_note-8) With his success in the jewelry business, Arabo turned to watches. In 2002, he created a quartz watch collection called the Five Time Zone that combined bold primary colors and with multiple time zone technology that attracted men and women. It was inspired by his clients' jet-setting lifestyle and became both a fashion statement and a usable timepiece for those who travel. Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) , Bono (/wiki/Bono) , Angela Bassett (/wiki/Angela_Bassett) and Derek Jeter (/wiki/Derek_Jeter) were among international celebrities wearing the watch. [9] (#cite_note-complex-9) Milestones [ edit ] 2002 : Jacob & Co. unveiled the quartz-powered Five Time Zone watch collection with colorful, contemporary dials, interchangeable bezels (/wiki/Bezel_(jewellery)) and interchangeable straps. It was both a fashion statement and a usable world time zone watch. [9] (#cite_note-complex-9) 2004 : Jacob & Co. moved from the diamond district to a flagship boutique at 57th Street (/wiki/57th_Street_(Manhattan)) and Park Avenue (/wiki/Park_Avenue) . [10] (#cite_note-10) 2007 : Arabo founded Jacob & Co. SA in Geneva (/wiki/Geneva) , Switzerland, and introduced his first high-watchmaking timepiece, the Quenttin, the first watch to have a vertical tourbillon and a 31-day power reserve, at the time the world's longest power reserve. [11] (#cite_note-11) 2011 : Jacob & Co.'s first brand ambassador, Chinese martial arts (/wiki/Chinese_martial_arts) action star and director, Donnie Yen (/wiki/Donnie_Yen) . [12] (#cite_note-12) 2012 : Supermodel and actress, Milla Jovovich (/wiki/Milla_Jovovich) , became the next Jacob & Co. ambassador. The announcement was made at a reception during Baselworld (/wiki/Baselworld) 2012, the international watch and jewelry show in Switzerland. [13] (#cite_note-13) 2013 : Jacob & Co. unveiled the Epic SF24, the first watch with a patented Split-Flap world time zone display. [14] (#cite_note-14) The same year football star, Cristiano Ronaldo (/wiki/Cristiano_Ronaldo) , was named as a Jacob & Co.'s ambassador to promote the Ghost Five Time Zone timepiece collection. [15] (#cite_note-15) 2014 : Jacob & Co. introduced the celestial themed Astronomia Tourbillon, unveiled to the watch industry trade at Baselworld (/wiki/Baselworld) 2013. It featured an exposed vertical movement with four arms that rotate around a central gear in 20 minutes. On one arm is a magnesium lacquered globe of the Earth and on the opposite arm is an exclusive 288-facet 1-carat diamond known as the "Jacob Cut" that represents the Moon. Each satellite rotates on its own axis. The other two arms have a triple-axis gravitational tourbillon and a dial display with a differential gear system that maintains the proper 12-6 o'clock position as the movement rotates within the case. [16] (#cite_note-16) Arabo called the Astronomia "revolutionary" and the "most important" Jacob & Co. watch. [17] (#cite_note-:22607-17) 2015 : Jacob & Co. unveiled the Billionaire watch with a price tag of $18 million. [18] (#cite_note-18) The 18k white gold case and bracelet was covered with 260 carats of diamonds, with each individual gem weighing 3 carats each. [17] (#cite_note-:22607-17) It was purchased by professional boxer Floyd Mayweather (/wiki/Floyd_Mayweather) in 2018. [19] (#cite_note-19) 2016 : Jacob & Co. unveiled the Astronomia Sky, which introduced new complications of celestial inspiration to the Astronomia including a sidereal display, vertical month display, zodiac signs, day and night indication, as well as a celestial panorama, orbital second indication and a Jacob Cut diamond Moon; [20] (#cite_note-20) and the Twin Turbo, the first watch to combine a twin triple axis tourbillon and a minute repeater, in a distinctly shaped case with sports allure. [21] (#cite_note-21) The same year the company opened a branded boutique in Dubai (/wiki/Dubai) , UAE. [22] (#cite_note-22) 2017 : Jacob & Co. unveiled the Astronomia Solar Planets Jewelry, which displays the precious planets of the Solar System as Jacob Cut, 288-facet gemstone spheres [23] (#cite_note-23) 2018 : Jacob & Co. expanded upon the Twin Turbo with the Twin Turbo Furious, the first watch to combine a twin triple-axis tourbillon, decimal minute repeater, monopusher chronograph, and a time difference calculator. [24] (#cite_note-24) The same year, the company opened a branded store in Geneva. [25] (#cite_note-25) and unveiled a new partnership with Lionel Messi (/wiki/Lionel_Messi) , with limited-edition versions of the Epic X Chrono timepiece that incorporated Messi's professional signatures, such as the colors of the flag of Argentina (/wiki/Flag_of_Argentina) , Messi's famous number 10, his stylized "M" logo, and his signature on the caseback. [26] (#cite_note-26) 2019 : The year saw two more partnerships for Jacob & Co. The first was with French hyper sports car manufacturer, Bugatti (/wiki/Bugatti) , where they developed customized versions of the Jacob & Co. Epic X Chrono and Twin Turbo Furious timepieces. [27] (#cite_note-27) Then they collaborated on a new watch, released in 2020, the Bugatti Chiron Tourbillon, designed to emulate the Bugatti Chiron (/wiki/Bugatti_Chiron) hyper sports car. Its movement includes a fully working engine animation designed to replicate the Bugatti W16 engine (/wiki/Bugatti_W16_engine) and a newly designed case inspired by the body of the Chiron. [28] (#cite_note-28) The second partnership was with Paramount Pictures (/wiki/Paramount_Pictures) , where the two entities collaborated on the Godfather Musical watch. A built-in musical complication plays the first 120 notes of The Godfather (/wiki/The_Godfather) theme song while the watch contains artistic replicas of details from the film. [29] (#cite_note-29) The luxury brand also unveiled the Astronomia Casino, which features a fully operational miniature roulette wheel; [30] (#cite_note-30) and the Mystery Tourbillon, the first watch to feature two linked central triple axis tourbillons placed back to back in the center of a gem-encrusted dial. [31] (#cite_note-31) In the same year, Jacob & Co. expanded its network of stores with points-of-sale in Beijing (/wiki/Beijing) , Kuala Lumpur (/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur) , and Bangkok (/wiki/Bangkok) . [32] (#cite_note-32) [33] (#cite_note-33) The following year Jacob & Co. opened a second boutique in Beijing (/wiki/Beijing) . [34] (#cite_note-34) In 2020 , Jacob & Co. added five partnerships. The first was with NBC/Universal where the two companies created the Opera Scarface Musical watch, which contains the music and iconography from the movie, Scarface. [35] (#cite_note-35) The next was with menswear designer, Virgil Abloh (/wiki/Virgil_Abloh) , for a line of gold and diamond paperclip jewelry called "Office Supplies." [36] (#cite_note-36) Then Jacob & Co. partnered with American skateboarding lifestyle brand, Supreme, for an exclusively designed Four Time Zone watch. [37] (#cite_note-37) The fourth partnership was with UFC Champion, Khabib Nurmagomedov (/wiki/Khabib_Nurmagomedov) , for a line of Epic X Chrono watches that incorporated Khabib's professional signatures, including his undefeated record, his nickname "The Eagle" and his unique Papakha headpiece. [38] (#cite_note-38) The fifth partnership was with explorer and environmental activist Johan Ernst Nilson (/wiki/Johan_Ernst_Nilson) . Together they launched the Astronomia Explorer, a watch that recreates Nilson's most iconic adventures with water from the North and South and a rock from the Himalayas with the Astronomia four-arm vertical movement and above a celestial base. The watch was designed to raise awareness of the dangers facing our planet. [39] (#cite_note-39) 2021 : Jacob & Co. became the first luxury watch brand to sell an NFT with a digital version of the SF24 Tourbillon travel watch that fetched $100,000 and became the first luxury watch brand that accepts cryptocurrency. [40] (#cite_note-40) The same year, Jacob & Co. released the Astronomia Maestro Worldtime, the first watch with a minute repeater carillon chiming complication and a Worldtime complication. [41] (#cite_note-41) The luxury brand also unveiled three Twin Turbo Furious models with fully transparent sapphire crystal cases and a decimal minute repeater, the first watch to include these two distinct features. [42] (#cite_note-42) The company partnered with Universal Pictures to produce the Fast & Furious Twin Turbo, which takes the timepiece created to emulate high-performance sports cars and merges it with the iconic symbols inspired by one of the most popular movie franchises of all time - Fast & Furious (/wiki/Fast_%26_Furious) . [43] (#cite_note-43) The same year, Jacob & Co. entered into an agreement with Warner Bros (/wiki/Warner_Bros) . Consumer Products and DC to produce a new collection of Batman (/wiki/Batman) -inspired timepieces. [44] (#cite_note-44) Also in the same year, Jacob & Co. partnered with graffiti artist, Alec Monopoly (/wiki/Alec_Monopoly) to create the Astronomia Alec Monopoly, which places miniature sculptures of Monopoly's iconic pop culture creations. [45] (#cite_note-45) 2022 : Jacob & Co. moved its Geneva (/wiki/Geneva) boutique from the Four Seasons Hotel des Bergues to a two-story dedicated space at Rue du Rhône. [ citation needed ] 2024: Jacob & Co. launched of the Astronomia Régulateur watch, a timepiece of exceptional mechanical prowess. [46] (#cite_note-46) Awards and recognition [ edit ] In 2006, the Jacob & Co. Five Time Zone - "The World is Yours” watch won the Travel + Leisure (/wiki/Travel_and_Leisure) Design Award. [47] (#cite_note-47) In popular culture [ edit ] See also: Jacob Arabo § In popular culture (/wiki/Jacob_Arabo#In_popular_culture) Jacob & Co. is known for providing watches and other jewelry to hip-hop artists, National Basketball Association (/wiki/National_Basketball_Association) players, boxers, [48] (#cite_note-Lux_Exposé_2014-48) and other celebrities. [49] (#cite_note-49) In 2004, Jacob & Co founder Jacob Arabo (/wiki/Jacob_Arabo) was featured in the game Def Jam: Fight for NY (/wiki/Def_Jam:_Fight_for_NY) , in which the players’ hip-hop characters compete to earn cash with which they can buy jewelry from Jacob the Jeweler. [50] (#cite_note-50) The company's creations are also mentioned in Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ’s single “ Girl's Best Friend (/wiki/Girl%27s_Best_Friend) ”, a love song to the rapper’s diamonds, released in 1999. In the video, the artist is wearing Jacob & Co. jewelry while rapping:" I took you outta Jacob’s in clusters / Busters, they wanted to rush us/ Love the way you sparkle when the sun touch ya. " [5] (#cite_note-Jspace-5) [51] (#cite_note-51) Jacob Arabo and Jacob & Co are mentioned in numerous rap songs, including songs by Nas (/wiki/Nas) , Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) [52] (#cite_note-52) and others. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Jacob & Co. Watch History" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140908154445/http://www.prestigetime.com/brand/jacob-co.html) . prestigetime.com . PrestigeTime.com, LLC. Archived from the original (http://www.prestigetime.com/brand/jacob-co.html) on 8 September 2014 . Retrieved 27 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) NYS Department of State. "Division of Corporations, Entity information" (http://appext20.dos.ny.gov/corp_public/CORPSEARCH.ENTITY_INFORMATION?p_nameid=2797750&p_corpid=2772369&p_entity_name=%6A%61%63%6F%62&p_name_type=%41&p_search_type=%42%45%47%49%4E%53&p_srch_results_page=1) . dos.ny.gov . The Department of State . Retrieved 27 July 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Press Release Jacob & Co" (http://en.worldtempus.com/article/insider/jacob-co-jacob-arabo) . worldtempus.com . Worldtempus . Retrieved 27 July 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b ICMediaDirect. "Jacob Arabo Biography" (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1113289/bio?ref_=nm_ov_bio_sm) . imdb.com . IMDb.com, Inc . Retrieved 27 July 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Jspace Sits Down with Jacob Arabo from Jacob & Co" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140809185314/http://www.jspace.com/news/articles/jspace-sits-down-with-jacob-arabo-from-jacob-co/7945) . Jspace . 7 March 2012. Archived from the original (http://www.jspace.com/news/articles/jspace-sits-down-with-jacob-arabo-from-jacob-co/7945) on 9 August 2014 . Retrieved 15 August 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Jacob & Co - Jacob Arabo - People and interviews - WorldTempus" (https://en.worldtempus.com/article/industry-news/people-and-interviews/jacob-et-co-jacob-arabo-14814.html) . ^ Jump up to: a b "How Jacob the Jeweler's Diamonds Helped Define Pop Culture" (https://www.naturaldiamonds.com/style-and-innovation/how-jacob-the-jewelers-diamonds-helped-define-pop-culture/) . 29 March 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Hip-Hop's Most In-Demand Jewelers Tell the Stories of Creating Icy Works of Art for Today's Rap Stars" (https://www.xxlmag.com/hip-hop-jewelers-interviews/) . 27 July 2021. ^ Jump up to: a b "The Most Iconic Watches in Hip-Hop" (https://www.complex.com/style/best-watch-brands-hip-hop) . Complex . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "NYC: Jacob & Co" (https://www.flickr.com/photos/wallyg/2575432840/) . April 27, 2008 – via Flickr. ^ (#cite_ref-11) "The Game Changer" (https://www.hautetime.com/the-game-changer-jacob-co-quenttin-watch/1974/) . www.hautetime.com . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Jacob & Co - Donnie Yen, New Brand Ambassador - - WorldTempus" (https://en.worldtempus.com/article/jacob-et-co-donnie-yen-new-brand-ambassador-9950.html) . en.worldtempus.com . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Jacob & Co - Milla Jovovich - - WorldTempus" (https://en.worldtempus.com/article/jacob-et-co-milla-jovovich-10150.html) . en.worldtempus.com . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Malcolmson, James D. (June 18, 2013). "BaselWorld 2013: Best of Show: Jacob & Co.'s Epic SF 24" (https://robbreport.com/style/watch-collector/baselworld-2013-best-show-jacob-cos-epic-sf-233748/) . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Cristiano Ronaldo Fronts New Jacob & Co. Watch Campaign" (https://luxuryes.com/2013/04/cristiano-ronaldo-is-the-new-face-of-jacob-co/) . April 18, 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Jacob & Co. - Ten Minutes With Jacob Arabo: Discover The Man Behind Jacob & Co. - Top watch brand CEOs - WorldTempus" (https://en.worldtempus.com/article/industry-news/people-and-interviews/jacob-et-co-ten-minutes-with-jacob-arabo-discover-the-man-behind-jacob-et-co-29132.html) . en.worldtempus.com . ^ Jump up to: a b "Jacob & Co. - 30 years of ground-breaking watches - Innovation and technology - WorldTempus" (https://en.worldtempus.com/article/watches/innovation-and-technology/jacob-et-co-30-years-of-ground-breaking-watches-22607.html) . en.worldtempus.com . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "The dazzling Jacob & Co. Billionaire Watch is priced at over $18,000,000" (https://luxatic.com/the-dazzling-jacob-co-billionaire-watch-is-priced-at-over-18000000/) . April 22, 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-19) Naas, Roberta (27 June 2018). "Floyd Mayweather Purchases $18 Million 'Billionaire' Watch By Jacob & Co" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertanaas/2018/06/28/floyd-mayweather-billionaire-watch-18-million-jacob-co/) . Forbes . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Naas, Roberta (March 21, 2016). "Baselworld 2016: Jacob & Co. Unveils Astronomia Sky Triple Axis And Xtreme Tourbillon" (https://www.hautetime.com/baselworld-2016-jacob-co-unveils-astronomia-sky-triple-axis-and-xtreme-tourbillon/) . www.hautetime.com . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Jacob & Co. introduces the Twin Turbo || Twin Triple Axis Tourbillon" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hgt5wuECl84) – via www.youtube.com. ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Jacob & Co. - Boutique Opening Ceremony in Dubai - Retail - WorldTempus" (https://en.worldtempus.com/article/industry-news/retail/jacob-et-co-boutique-opening-ceremony-in-dubai-21613.html) . en.worldtempus.com . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Jacob & Co Astronomia Solar Watch Will Be A Key Attraction At Baselworld 2017" (https://luxpursuits.com/watches/jacob-co-astronomia-solar-watch/) . March 8, 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Jacob & Co. Unveils Its $554,000 USD Twin Turbo Furious" (https://hypebeast.com/2018/3/jacob-co-twin-turbo-furious-watch) . HYPEBEAST . March 23, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Jacob & Co. - A boutique in Geneva - Retail - WorldTempus" (https://en.worldtempus.com/article/industry-news/retail/jacob-et-co-a-boutique-in-geneva-26770.html) . en.worldtempus.com . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Jacob & Co. Inks Ambassador Deal with Lionel Messi" (https://www.nationaljeweler.com/articles/7616-jacob-co-inks-ambassador-deal-with-lionel-messi) . nationaljeweler.com . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "Jacob & Co. Signs Long-Term Partnership with Bugatti" (https://revolutionwatch.com/jacob-co-signs-long-term-partnership-with-bugatti/) . revolutionwatch.com . 18 March 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-28) Naas, Roberta. "Jacob & Co. Unveils $280,000 Bugatti Chiron 16-Cylinder Tourbillon" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertanaas/2020/04/08/jacob--co-unveils-280000-bugatti-chiron-tourbillon/) . Forbes . ^ (#cite_ref-29) Brookins, Laurie (April 5, 2019). "Jacob & Co. Creates a $330k Musical 'Godfather' Watch" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lifestyle/style/jacob-creates-a-330k-godfather-music-box-watch-1199792/) . The Hollywood Reporter (/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter) . ^ (#cite_ref-30) "JACOB & CO. ASTRONOMIA CASINO" (https://masterhorologer.com/2019/03/26/jacob-co-astronomia-casino-watch-with-hand-wound-movement-double-axis-tourbillon-jacob-cut-diamond-magnesium-lacquered-blue-globe-roulette-animation-on-demand/) . MasterHorologer . March 26, 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-31) Team, Editorial (October 1, 2019). "Jewellery Watches: 6 houses that brought the mystery back with a contemporary high watchmaking and high jewelry twist" (https://www.2luxury2.com/jewellery-watches-6-houses-that-brought-the-mystery-back-with-a-contemporary-high-watchmaking-and-high-jewelry-twist/) . ^ (#cite_ref-32) "Official launch of Jacob & Co's Art Deco-inspired boutique at Pavilion Kuala Lumpur" (https://www.prestigeonline.com/my/people-events/events/official-launch-of-jacob-cos-art-deco-inspired-boutique-at-pavilion-kuala-lumpur/) . Prestige Online - Malaysia . April 15, 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-33) "JACOB & CO OPENS ITS FIRST BOUTIQUE IN THAILAND AT GAYSORN VILLAGE" (http://www.thebigchilli.com/3/post/2019/11/jacob-co-opens-its-first-boutique-in-thailand-at-gaysorn-village.html) . The BigChilli . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "Retailers New York Geneva Dubai Qatar Paris London Cannes" (https://jacobandco.com/retailers-new-york-geneva-dubai-qatar-paris-london-cannes) . Jacob & Co . ^ (#cite_ref-35) Lorentzen, Sean (May 21, 2020). "Jacob & Co. Unveils Limited-Edition Opera Scarface" (https://www.ablogtowatch.com/jacob-co-unveils-limited-edition-opera-scarface/) . ^ (#cite_ref-36) "Virgil Abloh and Jacob & Co.'s Latest Collab Is the Shiniest One Yet" (https://hypebeast.com/2020/12/virgil-abloh-jacob-co-office-supplies-necklace-info) . HYPEBEAST . December 4, 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-37) "Supreme Can Move $14,000 Luxury Watches, Too" (https://www.gq.com/story/supreme-jacob-and-co-watches) . GQ . October 22, 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-38) Nag, Sayan (June 24, 2021). "What is Jacob & Co. and how is it related to Khabib Nurmagomedov?" (https://www.sportskeeda.com/mma/news-what-jacob-co-related-khabib-nurmagomedov) . ^ (#cite_ref-39) "Jacob & Co. Releases An $884,800 Watch That Comes With A Mount Everest Expedition" (https://blog.dupontregistry.com/watches/jacob-and-co-releases-an-884800-watch-that-comes-with-a-mount-everest-expedition/) . November 4, 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-40) "Jacob & Co. Releases First-Ever NFT Watch" (https://hypebeast.com/2021/4/jacob-co-nft-sf24-tourbillon-watch-release) . HYPEBEAST . April 4, 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-41) "Jacob & Co. Releases The New Limited-Edition Astronomia Worldtime" (https://blog.dupontregistry.com/watches/jacob-co-releases-the-new-limited-edition-astronomia-worldtime/) . November 10, 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-42) Pawar, Nikita Vivek (October 13, 2021). "Jacob & Co. Unveils First Minute Repeater in Sapphire Crystal Case" (https://www.upscalelivingmag.com/jacob-co-unveils-first-minute-repeater-in-sapphire-crystal-case/) . ^ (#cite_ref-43) Cormack, Rachel (June 17, 2021). "Jacob & Co.'s New $580,000 'Fast & Furious' Timepiece Is Just as Insane as You'd Expect" (https://robbreport.com/style/watch-collector/jacob-co-fast-furious-twin-turbo-watch-1234619932/) . ^ (#cite_ref-44) "Jacob and Co. Announces 'Batman' Watches" (https://gothammag.com/jacob-co-batman-watches) . ^ (#cite_ref-45) Naas, Roberta. "Jacob & Co. Unveils $600,000 Alec Monopoly Collaboration Watch" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertanaas/2021/07/07/jacob--co-unveils-600000-alec-monopoly-collaboration-watch/) . Forbes . ^ (#cite_ref-46) "Jacob & Co lance sa montre Astronomia Régulateur" (https://luxus-plus.com/jacob-co-lance-sa-montre-astronomia-regulateur/) . Luxus + . Retrieved 23 April 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-47) Ozler, Levent. "Travel + Leisure Magazine Names Winners of Second Annual Design Awards" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180627173643/https://www.dexigner.com/news/6933) . dexigner.com . Dexiner. Archived from the original (https://www.dexigner.com/news/6933) on 27 June 2018 . Retrieved 27 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Lux_Exposé_2014_48-0) "Floyd Mayweather LuxExposé Exclusive Interview" (https://luxexpose.com/floyd-mayweather-interview/) . Lux Exposé . 4 May 2014 . Retrieved 13 June 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-49) Martin, Andrew (4 April 2012). "Jay-Z Hits Up Jacob The Jeweler For Wedding Anniversary" (http://www.complex.com/music/2012/04/jay-z-hits-up-jacob-the-jeweler-for-wedding-anniversary) . complex.com . Complex . Retrieved 28 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-50) "Def Jam Fight for NY Full Cast & Crew" (https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0426436/fullcredits?ref_=tt_cl_sm#cast) . imdb.com . IMDb.com, Inc . Retrieved 27 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-51) Burnett, Paul (15 August 1999). "GURU: Jacob Arabo; Quarry of Choice for Rapper's Rocks" (https://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/15/style/guru-jacob-arabo-quarry-of-choice-for-rappers-rocks.html?src=pm&pagewanted=2) . The New York Times . Retrieved 31 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-52) "Beyonce - Upgrade You Lyrics" (http://pop.genius.com/Beyonce-upgrade-you-lyrics#note-188115) . PopGenius.com . Retrieved 15 August 2014 . 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Norwegian brand of outdoor clothing and sports equipment For the Faroe ship, see Norröna (/wiki/Norr%C3%B6na) . For the philological society, see Norrœna Society (/wiki/Norr%C5%93na_Society) . Norrøna Founded 29 April 1929 Founder Jørgen Jørgensen Headquarters Lysaker (/wiki/Lysaker) , Norway (/wiki/Norway) Area served Norway, Sweden, Finland, United States, France, and Switzerland Products Clothing and sports gear Revenue 388,000,000 Norwegian krone (2014) Website norrona (http://norrona.com) .com (http://norrona.com) Norrøna is a Norwegian brand of outdoor clothing and sports gear. The company was founded in 1929 by Jørgen Jørgensen and is run by his great-grandson, also named Jørgen Jørgensen. [1] (#cite_note-History-1) [2] (#cite_note-Osloby-2) [3] (#cite_note-Point-3) History [ edit ] Norrøna jacket from 1993 Norrøna was founded on 29 April 1929 by Jørgen Jørgensen. He was succeeded in turn by his son Bjarne, by Bjarne's son Ole Jørgen, and in 2005 by Ole Jørgen's son Jørgen Jørgensen, who opened the company's first shop in November 2009 [4] (#cite_note-4) and won the Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year Award (/wiki/Ernst_%26_Young_Entrepreneur_of_the_Year_Award) in the retailing category in 2012. [5] (#cite_note-entrepreneur-5) The company has expanded over the years into areas including garden furniture, but now again concentrates on outdoor clothing and expedition equipment for a variety of sports including skiing, snowboarding, mountain biking, climbing, hiking, trekking, hunting, and arctic surfing. [2] (#cite_note-Osloby-2) The first children's collection is to go on sale in August 2014. [6] (#cite_note-6) Norrøna's annual turnover increased 44% to 235 million Norwegian kroner in 2011 and 22% to 245 million kroner in 2012. [5] (#cite_note-entrepreneur-5) [7] (#cite_note-7) Norrøna is known for innovation and employs 17 of its 55 staff in research and development (/wiki/Research_and_development) . Everything is done in-house at its headquarters, in Oslo, Norway, which showcases a picturesque waterfall in the back of the property. Its arctic surf collection, Unstad, was first tested in the river flowing from this waterfall. The company introduced the first tunnel tent for mountaineers, developed an ergonomic (/wiki/Ergonomic) standard for backpacks, and introduced Gore-Tex (/wiki/Gore-Tex) to Europe. [3] (#cite_note-Point-3) [5] (#cite_note-entrepreneur-5) It has worked with expedition leaders and sportsmen including Lars Monsen (/wiki/Lars_Monsen) , cyclist Kurt Asle Arvesen (/wiki/Kurt_Asle_Arvesen) , [8] (#cite_note-8) polar explorer Børge Ousland (/wiki/B%C3%B8rge_Ousland) , [2] (#cite_note-Osloby-2) [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) freerider Christine Hargin (/w/index.php?title=Christine_Hargin&action=edit&redlink=1) , [11] (#cite_note-11) urban skier Even Sigstad (/w/index.php?title=Even_Sigstad&action=edit&redlink=1) , and snowboarder Andreas Wiig (/wiki/Andreas_Wiig) . [12] (#cite_note-12) Norrøna also has tapped into the North American market: retailers sell its goods there, and Canadian athletes Mike Henitiuk and boardercross racer Mark Morrison represent the brand. [13] (#cite_note-13) Norrøna popularised "flashy" colours in outdoor wear. Their flagship product is the Lofoten, a snow suit (/wiki/Snow_suit) with a roomy cut that adapts to cross-country or downhill skiing or snowboarding, sells some 500 units a year, and has been widely imitated. [3] (#cite_note-Point-3) Their collections are traditionally named for locations where those particular garments were designed to be worn. [14] (#cite_note-14) For example, the lofoten collection is designed for the big mountain freeriding found in Lofoten (/wiki/Lofoten) , Norway, and their fjørå collection, which is designed for single-track mountain biking, was inspired by the village of Fjørå, which is located in Norway's Sunnmøre (/wiki/Sunnm%C3%B8re) fjords and is home to a network of single-track mountain bike trails. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-History_1-0) About Norrøna: The History of Norrøna (https://www.norrona.com/en-GB/About-Norrona/History-of-Norrona/) , Norrøna, retrieved 13 January 2015. ^ Jump up to: a b c Øystein Aldridge, "I oldefars fotspor" (http://www.osloby.no/article305672_2.ece#.UVl8ElLNV0I) , Osloby, Aftenposten (/wiki/Aftenposten) , 4 December 2009 (in Norwegian) ^ Jump up to: a b c Nathalie Lamoureux, "Norrøna, le style et la technique" (http://www.lepoint.fr/chroniqueurs-du-point/nathalie-lamoureux/norr-na-le-style-et-la-technique-05-03-2012-1437897_466.php) , Le Point (/wiki/Le_Point) , 5 March 2012, updated 6 March 2012 (in French) ^ (#cite_ref-4) Norrøna Åpner Flagship Store i Oslo (http://www.skier.no/skier/arkiv/norrona_ap/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20100203182335/http://www.skier.no/skier/arkiv/norrona_ap/) 2010-02-03 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , Skier.no, 26 November 2009 (in Norwegian) ^ Jump up to: a b c Jørgensen vant pris (http://www.sportsbransjen.no/aktuelt-fr/jorgensen-/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140407061657/http://www.sportsbransjen.no/aktuelt-fr/jorgensen-/) 2014-04-07 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , Sportsbransjen, 28 November 2012 (in Norwegian) ^ (#cite_ref-6) Morten Gisle Johnsen, "Denne gjengen selger jakker over hele verden" (http://www.budstikka.no/nyheter/denne-gjengen-selger-jakker-over-hele-verden-1.8347340) , Budstikka , 23 March 2014 (in Norwegian) ^ (#cite_ref-7) Lars Magne Sunnanå, "Dette er én av 3308 norske suksessbedrifter" (http://www.nyhetene24.no/okonomi/dette-er-%C3%A9n-av-3308-norske-suksessbedrifter) , Nyheter24, Aftenposten , 2 October 2012 (in Norwegian) ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Kurt Asle Arvesen" (http://www.kurtaslearvesen.no/) . kurtaslearvesen.no . Retrieved 2010-05-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Community: Team (http://www.norrona.no/en/main/newsletter/team/) , Norrøna, retrieved 5 May 2010, archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20100705233811/http://www.norrona.no/en/main/newsletter/team/) 5 July 2010. ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Børge Ousland" (http://www.ousland.no/) . ousland.no . Retrieved 2010-05-05 . (broken link) ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Norrøna innleder verdensmester-samarbeid" (http://tekstilforum.no/Nyheter/Designere/Norroena-innleder-verdensmester-samarbeid) , Tekstilforum, 19 November 2012 (in Norwegian) ^ (#cite_ref-12) Tore Meirik, "(Rail)kongens klær" (http://www.friflyt.no/Ski/Rail-kongens-klaer) , Friflyt, 24 March 2014 (in Norwegian) ^ (#cite_ref-13) Fraser, Sara (2016-01-16). " (http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/pei-national-snowboard-team-lone-mark-morrison-1.3931151) "P.E.I.'s snowboard team of 1: Meet Mark Morrison" (http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/pei-national-snowboard-team-lone-mark-morrison-1.3931151) " (http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/prince-edward-island/pei-national-snowboard-team-lone-mark-morrison-1.3931151) . CBC News . Retrieved 2018-01-23 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Silje Andvik Hoaas, "Kolleksjonen kler Røldalnavnet" (http://www.hardanger-folkeblad.no/nyheter/article1312411.ece) , Hardanger Folkeblad (/wiki/Hardanger_Folkeblad) , 1 November 2004 (in Norwegian) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/121149196288774790937) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐dfb86547b‐jwdjd Cached time: 20240710152849 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.477 seconds Real time usage: 0.815 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1520/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 17459/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1266/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 24600/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.349/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 20368842/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 776.756 1 -total 35.29% 274.098 1 Template:Short_description 31.44% 244.244 1 Template:Reflist 25.41% 197.375 2 Template:Pagetype 17.95% 139.450 1 Template:Infobox_company 14.72% 114.342 9 Template:In_lang 14.23% 110.536 1 Template:Infobox 11.28% 87.589 3 Template:Cite_web 10.45% 81.166 1 Template:Authority_control 5.19% 40.279 7 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:27342684-0!canonical and timestamp 20240710152849 and revision id 1201886299. 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New York City-based fashion label This article is about the fashion brand. For the Playboi Carti song, see H00dByAir (/wiki/H00dByAir) . Hood By Air is a fashion (/wiki/Fashion) and streetwear (/wiki/Streetwear) brand based in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) co-founded by designers Shayne Oliver (/wiki/Shayne_Oliver) and Raul Lopez. It was launched in 2006 and took a hiatus 2017–2019. [1] (#cite_note-Streetwear_Needed-1) Oliver left the brand in 2023. [2] (#cite_note-2) Brand [ edit ] The designer was Shayne Oliver, a former student at Fashion Institute of Technology (/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Technology) and New York University (/wiki/New_York_University) who described his design aesthetic as "ghetto gothic" and banjee (/wiki/Banjee) . [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-Nylon-4) [5] (#cite_note-Fashion_Moment-5) Oliver was named among The 25 Greatest Black Fashion Designers by Complex (/wiki/Complex_(magazine)) . [6] (#cite_note-6) Oliver brought in the conceptual artist and filmmaker Leilah Weinraub (/wiki/Leilah_Weinraub) as CEO and cofounder in 2012. [7] (#cite_note-NYT_March_2018-7) Weinraub was openly skeptical of the brand's celebrity endorsements. The company was notable for refusing outside investment. [8] (#cite_note-W_Mag_2017-8) In the past, Hood By Air, also known by the acronym HBA, has identified as a "luxury streetwear brand," a term coined by Oliver and now “synonymous with HBA's subversive use of logos, high-end production values and an ingenious online presence”. [9] (#cite_note-:1-9) Hood By Air is notable for its collectively-driven creative output, collaborating with a large network of artists (/wiki/Artist) , performers (/wiki/Performing_arts) , and other figures from the New York (/wiki/New_York_City) creative industries, as well as global brands. The brand has been the recipient of numerous fashion accolades and awards, including the LVMH Special Prize (2014) [10] (#cite_note-:2-10) and CFDA Swarovski Award for Menswear (2015). [11] (#cite_note-:3-11) History [ edit ] Founded in 2006 by Brooklyn-based designers Shayne Oliver and Raul Lopez, Hood By Air has gone from a t-shirt oriented streetwear project to a cult brand at the forefront of New York's fashion new guard. In 2006, Oliver was running a brand and blog under the name Elite Urban Brigade. Editorial collaborators on the blog included Akeem Smith and Mykki Blanco. Under Elite Urban Brigade, Oliver began printing one-off t-shirt designs, which he would sell at the New York streetwear store, aNYthing. [12] (#cite_note-:0-12) During this period, Oliver met fellow designer Raul Lopez at an after school programme run by the Hetrick-Martin Institute (/wiki/Hetrick-Martin_Institute) in partnership with the Harvey Milk High School (/wiki/Harvey_Milk_High_School) , which Oliver attended. [13] (#cite_note-thefader.com-13) Oliver introduced Lopez to his early blueprint for a brand which could expand on his Elite Urban Brigade ideas. After developing the concept further, Oliver and Lopez began printing (/wiki/Printing) t-shirts, eventually releasing the designs under the name Hood By Air. Whilst attending Harvey Milk High School, Oliver was accepted onto an art programme at New York University (/wiki/New_York_University) (NYU). [14] (#cite_note-14) During this time he developed a strong link between his fashion concepts and music, which would underpin the Hood By Air brand and Oliver's creative career to date. During this time Oliver was a dancer (/wiki/Dance) and choreographer (/wiki/Choreography) for the band Hercules and Love Affair (/wiki/Hercules_and_Love_Affair) [15] (#cite_note-15) and would create costumes that he would wear as a dancer. Subsequently, Oliver designed merchandise for the band. [13] (#cite_note-thefader.com-13) After leaving NYU (/wiki/New_York_University) , Oliver attended the Fashion Institute of Technology (/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Technology) (FIT), but left after one semester. [16] (#cite_note-16) In 2006 Oliver showed an early Hood By Air look at the artist Dash Snow (/wiki/Dash_Snow) ’s gallery in Chelsea, New York (/wiki/Chelsea,_Manhattan) . [17] (#cite_note-17) Soon after, with an expanding fan base and an enthusiastic reception from fashion buyers, Hood By Air found its first stockists in OAK NYC [18] (#cite_note-:4-18) and Seven New York. Opening Ceremony (/wiki/Opening_Ceremony_(brand)) [19] (#cite_note-:5-19) was also an early stockist of the brand. [12] (#cite_note-:0-12) In 2008, Hood By Air held its first presentation at artist Terence Koh (/wiki/Terence_Koh) ’s A.S.S. gallery in Chinatown (/wiki/Chinatown,_Manhattan) , New York. [20] (#cite_note-:6-20) Designer Telfar Clemens (/wiki/Telfar_Clemens) , who attended the show recalls, “it was kind of a peep show, and sort of like a block-party-slash-art-opening type of thing". [20] (#cite_note-:6-20) The presentation was an early example of what was to become a hallmark for the brand; a spectacle-driven approach that merges conventional runway shows with personality-driven performances and presentations. In 2009 Hood By Air held its first official fashion presentation at OAK NYC, launching the Hood By Air Classics line. [18] (#cite_note-:4-18) This subcategory of the brand encompassed Hood By Air's graphic-based designs on t-shirts and basics, complimenting the brand's now increasing focus on ready-to-wear. The presentation featured a performance by Kid Cudi (/wiki/Kid_Cudi) . [18] (#cite_note-:4-18) Soon after this presentation, Lopez left the brand. Oliver continued to build Hood By Air together with a core group of creative collaborators in New York. From 2009, whilst working on Hood By Air Oliver was involved with GHE20G0TH1K, a club night launched by Jazmin Soto, aka Venus X, in New York City. The party, which moved around venues in Williamsburg (/wiki/Williamsburg,_Brooklyn) and the Lower East Side (/wiki/Lower_East_Side) , brought together NYC's (/wiki/New_York_City) diverse creative communities and is widely celebrated as an influential party in the nightlife of the city. “We created a glamorous, fashion-friendly, art-friendly, freak fest,” said Soto. “Everyone was welcome and everyone felt cool there. Everyone liked it.” [20] (#cite_note-:6-20) The culture and community around GHE20G0TH1K has been a paramount influence on Oliver's designs and the Hood By Air brand. Venus X is credited by Oliver as a major contributor to the growth of culture around the brand. Oliver also met Venezuelan (/wiki/Venezuela) musician Alejandra Ghersi, aka Arca (/wiki/Arca_(musician)) at GHE20G0TH1K, forming a relationship that led to the pair working together on a continued basis. After a short hiatus, Oliver launched what he describes as the second iteration of the brand. Bringing filmmaker, Leilah Weinraub (/wiki/Leilah_Weinraub) , on board as CEO (/wiki/Chief_executive_officer) the pair formulated business plans that led to a revised focus on fashion presentations. HBA's global brand ambassador, Ian Isiah, and Kevin Amato, the brand's casting director, remained collaborators. New additions to the team included Paul Cupo signing on as design director, and Akeem Smith join as head stylist. Zachary Ching, at the time creative director at VFILES, would also join the brand as its commercial director. [21] (#cite_note-21) Oliver credits each of these figures as co-founders of the Hood By Air brand. In May 2012, Hood By Air was included in Norwegian (/wiki/Norwegians) artist Bjarne Melgaard (/wiki/Bjarne_Melgaard) ’s group show ‘Ideal Pole’ at Ramiken Crucible gallery, New York. Hood By Air created a ‘ pop-up shop (/wiki/Pop-up_retail) ’ as part of the show, printing t-shirts with graphics that read ‘Bareback By Air / Classics’. The t-shirts appeared in an installation (/wiki/Installation_art) titled ‘Deferred Action’, by the artists Jo Barage and Clinton Ellies. [22] (#cite_note-22) A second season of HBA Classics followed, supported by launch events at the New York fashion retailer, VFILES. In June 2012, VFILES held an opening party for its shop at Mercer Street (/wiki/Mercer_Street_(Manhattan)) in New York City's SoHo (/wiki/SoHo,_Manhattan) . The event doubled as a relaunch event for Hood By Air, with Oliver and Venus X DJ’ing, and A$AP Rocky (/wiki/ASAP_Rocky) performing. The moment has been referenced by Complex (/wiki/Complex_Networks) as solidifying both HBA and VFILES as “relevant movements in fashion”. [23] (#cite_note-:7-23) VFILES would become known for stocking an assortment of emerging brands at the crest of a creative new wave in streetwear, including Virgil Abloh's (/wiki/Virgil_Abloh) Pyrex, Been Trill, and Fear of God, alongside Hood By Air. In the months following the relaunch moment, Hood By Air and Been Trill released a collaborative t-shirt that would be popularised through extensive exposure by A$AP Rocky (/wiki/ASAP_Rocky) , leading to a new frenzy around the brand. At the time, the hype around the product meant that Hood By Air was perceived as aligned with a streetwear fraternity, a notion which Oliver was dismissive of. According to the designer, the t-shirt was initially designed simply to be given to friends at a casual brunch, but became a “fucking phenomenon” [24] (#cite_note-24) according to Oliver. Shortly afterwards, in September 2013, Hood By Air presented its first runway show (/wiki/Fashion_show) , held at New York's Milk Studios. [25] (#cite_note-25) Presenting the brand's FW13 collection, Oliver cemented HBA's reputation for genre-blending and cross-cultural reference with a collection that paired bold graphics with progressive cut-and-sew pieces, and runway appearances from A$AP Rocky (/wiki/ASAP_Rocky) and performance artist, boychild (/wiki/Boychild) [link], amongst the models cast for the show. [26] (#cite_note-26) As Hood By Air continued to show its collections in a runway setting, the brand signed with fashion publicists, PR Consulting. Soon after, Hood By Air presented its first collection in Paris (/wiki/Paris) . The RTW Spring 2015 collection presented was billed as part two of what HBA had already unveiled at New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) , with an emphasis on womenswear (/wiki/Womenswear) . The show invite – a lace-trimmed thong (/wiki/Thong) – signalled as much. “This is a ‘femme’ take on the energy we produced in New York,” Oliver said of the show. “It's flashier, with details that are louder, to show off a little bit.” [27] (#cite_note-27) In October 2014 MoMA (/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art) PopRally presented Id , a party performance and multimedia installation by Hood By Air, held at the Museum of Modern Art (/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art) . The event was billed as “a performance masquerading as a party... Id is an interactive, semi-virtual experience that includes a theatre, a live stream, and a "humannequin" installation” [28] (#cite_note-28) and featured performances by boychild (/wiki/Boychild) and Mykki Blanco (/wiki/Mykki_Blanco) . Hood By Air was awarded the inaugural LVMH (/wiki/LVMH) Special Jury Prize in 2014. [29] (#cite_note-29) In 2014, Hood By Air joined the New Guards Group (/wiki/New_Guards_Group) . Under a new business structure led by the conglomerate, which handled HBA's production, distribution, and sales, the brand focused on expansion, shifting its production emphasis to product rather than cultural spectacle. By this stage Oliver had moved the brand's headquarters to Italy (/wiki/Italy) and Hood By Air began to work to a more intense fashion schedule (/wiki/Schedule) , including pre-collections in Paris (/wiki/Paris) and expanding designs to include leathers (/wiki/Leather) , furs (/wiki/Fur) and tailoring (/wiki/Tailoring) . [30] (#cite_note-:8-30) In 2015 Hood By Air was selected for inclusion at the prestigious bi-annual menswear trade show, Pitti Uomo 87 (/wiki/Pitti_Uomo) . Against expectations that the brand would simply transplant New York culture to a Florentine setting, the brand chose to overtake a Tuscan villa, with tailoring a key emphasis of the collection. Speaking with Vogue during a backstage interview, Oliver explained the show was “our first attempt to really push luxury in a full collection”. [31] (#cite_note-Nast-31) This would be a benchmark moment for this era of Hood By Air, and signified the arrival of a new period of growth for the brand. The same year, Shayne Oliver received the 2015 Council of Fashion Designers of America (/wiki/Council_of_Fashion_Designers_of_America) (CFDA) Swarovski Award for Menswear. [11] (#cite_note-:3-11) Amidst the business growth under New Guards Group (/wiki/New_Guards_Group) , however, Oliver felt a sense of creative regression as a consequence of focusing heavily on product, taking away from investing his energy into the cultural landscape that had always defined Hood By Air. After three seasons with New Guards Group (/wiki/New_Guards_Group) , showing two to three collections per season, Hood By Air left the group and returned to New York (/wiki/New_York_City) in 2016. [30] (#cite_note-:8-30) Back on home ground, Oliver set about recapturing the energy of the brand before its move to Italy. Re-orienting towards conceptual presentations meant he had the freedom (/wiki/Freedom) once again to design clothes and accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) specifically for runway moments, without such commercial pressure to sell through as the brand experienced during the New Guards Group era. Hood By Air's Fall 2016 Ready-To-Wear (/wiki/Ready-to-wear) collection, titled ‘Pilgrimage’, was completed and shown in New York during NYFW. Reflecting on the collection, Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) suggested that Oliver's time in Italy had added to the brand's technical expertise: “the new clothes reflect the strides he's made: There's a confidence that runs through, from the mind-boggling technical complexities of the outwear to the cheeky slogan bodysuits to the streetwise buckets hats”, adding that Oliver has an “ instinct for what's next” [32] (#cite_note-32) In May 2016, Hood By Air held a brand presentation at the Delano Hotel (/wiki/Delano_South_Beach) during Art Basel Miami Beach (/wiki/Art_Basel_Miami_Beach) . During the show, which was presented in partnership with MoMA PS1 (/wiki/MoMA_PS1) , Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) -cast models wore clothing from the designer's collaboration with photographer Pieter Hugo (/wiki/Pieter_Hugo) , featuring Hugo's portraits of LGBT (/wiki/LGBT) Jamaicans (/wiki/Jamaicans) . W Magazine (/wiki/W_(magazine)) labelled the presentation “ Art Basel (/wiki/Art_Basel) 2016's most transgressive (/wiki/Transgressive_art) show”. [33] (#cite_note-33) Having re-engaged the spirit of the brand upon returning to New York City, Oliver and his team began to experience a new challenge; continuing the scale of the post-New Guards Group operation as a small, core team — most of whom were not fashion insiders or business people but artists, musicians, image-makers, and other figures from the New York creative industries with close ties to the brand and its cultural workings. While e-commerce continued to run efficiently during this period, the retail business had outsized its operators. The brand had reached new heights of popularity, spurred on by support from celebrities such as Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) who wore Hood By Air during a televised performance at the 2016 MTV Video Music Awards [34] (#cite_note-34) In 2016, the brand released a capsule (/wiki/Capsule_wardrobe) collection in collaboration with the pornographic (/wiki/Pornography) video platform (/wiki/Online_video_platform) , Pornhub (/wiki/Pornhub) [35] (#cite_note-:9-35) the SS17 'Wench' collection. [36] (#cite_note-36) However, with external company interests calling for Oliver's design expertise, on April 6, 2017, Hood By Air announced that Oliver would be putting the brand on hold to take a new role at Helmut Lang (/wiki/Helmut_Lang_(fashion_brand)) . [4] (#cite_note-Nylon-4) [37] (#cite_note-37) Hood By Air entered a three-year period of hiatus. Hiatus [ edit ] Hood By Air remained on official hiatus between 2017 and 2020. During this time Shayne Oliver worked with several established fashion houses, as well as on personal creative projects. [30] (#cite_note-:8-30) Helmut Lang [ edit ] Prior to Hood By Air's final pre-hiatus show, Shayne Oliver was approached by Helmut Lang (/wiki/Helmut_Lang_(fashion_brand)) ’s editor-in-residence, Isabella Burley, to take up a position at that brand as designer-in-residence. Only one month after Oliver had nullified his design responsibilities at Hood By Air he introduced his first offering under Helmut Lang (/wiki/Helmut_Lang_(fashion_brand)) , presenting the brand's Spring 2018 Ready-To-Wear collection in September 2017 at New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) . [38] (#cite_note-38) That same month, Helmut Lang also released the Helmut Lang Seen by Shayne Oliver Autumn Tour Merch collection, inspired by band tour merchandise. [39] (#cite_note-39) Diesel [ edit ] Having completed his residency at Helmut Lang (/wiki/Helmut_Lang_(fashion_brand)) , Oliver worked with Italian denim giant, Diesel (/wiki/Diesel_(brand)) , unveiling a capsule collection as part of the Diesel Red Tag Project in March 2018. The capsule, which saw Oliver subvert Americana (/wiki/Americana_(culture)) staples with his intricate reworking of denim (/wiki/Denim) apparel, provided the designer with an opportunity to become familiar with new design processes, whilst further establishing his appeal as a solo designer. [40] (#cite_note-40) Colmar [ edit ] In 2018 Oliver began to collaborate with heritage activewear label, Colmar. Applying his vision to the Colmar A.G.E (Advanced Garment Exploration) FW18 line, Oliver progressively reworked the brand's mountain (/wiki/Mountain) attire, adding a sense of outsized surreality to conventional outdoors wear. Oliver described the collaboration as “juggling the iconic products of Colmar with my sense of performance and a unisex (/wiki/Unisex) approach to wearing fashion”. [41] (#cite_note-41) 2020 return [ edit ] In July 2020, Oliver announced the official return of Hood By Air. In an accompanying statement, the designer stated, “gentrification leaves no physical spaces for new, influential ideas to exist or reside. So Hood By Air will be a place for these ideas to have a home.” [42] (#cite_note-:10-42) In March 2021, the brand fully relaunched with an advertising campaign (/wiki/Advertising_campaign) helmed by supermodel (/wiki/Supermodel) Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) . [43] (#cite_note-43) The brand relaunched with a new structure consisting of four distinct components: ‘Hood By Air' maintains its position as the brand's elevated fashion offering; ‘HBA’ exists as direct-to-consumer product released under a streetwear-aligned ‘drop’ schedule; ‘Museum’ refers to archival pieces from the original Hood By Air brand, reinterpreted by guest designers-in-residence; and Anonymous Club is a creative studio driven by a collective of talent, with the purpose of engineering Hood By Air's wider brand narrative through ongoing collaborations and activations. [42] (#cite_note-:10-42) The brand's 2020 relaunch announcement was accompanied by the release of a limited edition t-shirt (/wiki/T-shirt) and cash card (/wiki/Payment_card) designed in collaboration with person-to-person mobile payment (/wiki/Mobile_payment) company Cash App (/wiki/Cash_App) . [44] (#cite_note-44) Proceeds from the t-shirt sales were donated to several charities, including Black Trans Femmes in the Arts, Emergency Release Fund, and Gays & Lesbians Living In A Transgender Society. [45] (#cite_note-Davis-45) In March 2021, the brand further signalled its new visual era with an advertising (/wiki/Advertising) campaign helmed by supermodel (/wiki/Supermodel) Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) . The campaign announced a new ‘Prologue’ phase for the brand. In April 2021, as part of the ‘Prologue’ phase, Hood By Air released a new series of products under the capsule title ‘Veteran’. The product was released in five ‘drops’ emulating the streetwear spirit that Hood By Air has been connected with in the past. [46] (#cite_note-46) Intended as a segue between the brand's past and future, the ‘Prologue’ phase retrospectively pays tribute to a list of ‘characters’, each of which represents a different era of the Hood by Air brand. As of 2021, Hood By Air is run by a board of directors including Shayne Oliver and Edison Chen (/wiki/Edison_Chen) , who has taken over the role of CEO (/wiki/Chief_executive_officer) . The brand remains an independent entity. [47] (#cite_note-47) On December 19, 2023, Playboi Carti released the song H00DBYAIR (/wiki/H00dByAir) which is named after the brand. On January 15, 2024, Playboi Carti released the song EVILJ0RDAN (/wiki/EvilJ0rdan) which he can be seen wearing Hood By Air in the music video. Designs and shows [ edit ] Hood By Air has received widespread praise and positive reception for its progressive design values and uncompromising aesthetics. The brand has been noted for its diverse subcultural (/wiki/Subculture) touch points, taking influence and inspiration from the art world (/wiki/Art_world) , queer culture, hip hop (/wiki/Hip_hop) , club culture (/wiki/Clubbing_(subculture)) , and subversion of corporate branding through design. In a 2015 article, Oliver's designs were described by i-D (/wiki/I-D) Magazine as “[questioning] gender (/wiki/Gender) , race (/wiki/Race_(human_categorization)) and power (/wiki/Power_(social_and_political)) , cutting through the noise of the fashion world with razor sharp precision”. [9] (#cite_note-:1-9) In a short biographical entry on the brand, the LVMH Prize describes Hood By Air as “re-imagining Americana uniforms” by “combining the fluidity of youth culture with the refinement of luxury fashion”. [48] (#cite_note-48) Referencing Hood By Air's logo-heavy aesthetic, The Cut explains “they were more about signifying membership in a tribe than they were about advancing any design agenda.” The article continues: “aggressively inclusive, HBA wasn't gay or straight. It wasn't skate (/wiki/Skateboarding) or hip-hop (/wiki/Hip_hop) or art (/wiki/Art) or fashion—it was, rather, all these things at once.” [19] (#cite_note-:5-19) Designer (/wiki/Designer) and Creative Director (/wiki/Creative_director) , Matthew Williams (/wiki/Matthew_Williams_(designer)) , has described Hood By Air's relevance across cultural touch points: "Shayne's brand really is a bridge between fashion and urban street culture and music”. [49] (#cite_note-:11-49) Oliver himself expanded on his multifaceted references during an interview with Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) ; "I started making clothes because I wanted stuff to wear that could move between these worlds... This art world of downtown, in Manhattan (/wiki/Manhattan) , and this other world that I went home to—there are things that connect them.” [49] (#cite_note-:11-49) In the same article, fashion journalist, Maya Singer, posits that in its early years Hood By Air communicated a sense of authority though "exaggerated sizing, big logos, and in-your-face graphics”, making a connection between these qualities of HBA and the “quintessential attributes of urban streetwear”. Hood By Air worked prominently with designers Michael Magnum, Oscar Sanchez, and Virgil Abloh (/wiki/Virgil_Abloh) on graphics, particularly during its early years. Many of Hood By Air's graphics are inspired by film, queer (/wiki/Queer) , and delinquent (/wiki/Delinquent_Habits) culture. Despite its early focus on logos and graphics, the brand has since become known for its progressive, technically complex and often androgynous (/wiki/Androgyny) ready-to-wear collections. Hood By Air is known for the performative nature of its fashion presentations, using the runway as a multifaceted performance space that brings together diverse elements from the brand's cultural mood board. In the past, notable runway appearances have been made by rapper, A$AP Rocky (/wiki/ASAP_Rocky) , performance artist, boychild (/wiki/Boychild) , and German artist, Wolfgang Tillmans (/wiki/Wolfgang_Tillmans) , whilst the music for several Hood By Air shows has been composed by Venezuelan (/wiki/Venezuela) musician Arca (/wiki/Arca_(musician)) , who has also DJ’d at the shows. The brand focused on gender-neutral designs, a mode described by Oliver as "powerwear". [50] (#cite_note-Gender_Agnostics-50) Its influences include 1990s-era New York City culture as well as brands like; Diesel (/wiki/Diesel_(brand)) , Tommy Hilfiger (/wiki/Tommy_Hilfiger) , Polo Sport and DKNY (/wiki/DKNY) . [51] (#cite_note-51) Oliver's creative collaborations included an installation with artists Ava Nirui and Alex Lee. For this, Nirui and Lee commissioned outfits by Hood By Air and designer Eckhaus Latta (/wiki/Eckhaus_Latta) to be worn by Barbie dolls (/wiki/Barbie_dolls) with a variety of realistic body-types. [50] (#cite_note-Gender_Agnostics-50) The brand also collaborated with musicians A$AP Rocky (/wiki/ASAP_Rocky) , Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) , and Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) , [1] (#cite_note-Streetwear_Needed-1) and won awards from LVMH (/wiki/LVMH) and the Council of Fashion Designers of America (/wiki/Council_of_Fashion_Designers_of_America) . [4] (#cite_note-Nylon-4) It was chosen for a guest spot at menswear trade show Pitti Uomo (/wiki/Pitti_Uomo) in 2015. [1] (#cite_note-Streetwear_Needed-1) Its runway pieces have been sold at high-end boutiques like Opening Ceremony (/wiki/Opening_Ceremony_(brand)) , Colette (/wiki/Colette_(boutique)) in Paris (/wiki/Paris) and Harvey Nichols (/wiki/Harvey_Nichols) in London (/wiki/London) . [5] (#cite_note-Fashion_Moment-5) Fashion shows and collections [ edit ] ● Spring 2014 Menswear (New York Fashion Week) [52] (#cite_note-52) ● Fall 2014 Menswear (New York Fashion Week) [53] (#cite_note-53) ● Fall 2014 Ready-to-Wear (New York Fashion Week) [54] (#cite_note-54) ● Spring 2015 Ready-to-Wear (Part 1: New York Fashion Week, Part 2: Paris Fashion Week, [55] (#cite_note-55) Part 3: MoMA, New York [56] (#cite_note-56) ) ● Fall 2015 Ready-to-Wear (New York Fashion Week) [57] (#cite_note-57) ● Fall 2015 Menswear (New York Fashion Week) [58] (#cite_note-58) ● Pitti Uomo 87 Presentation (Florence, Italy) [31] (#cite_note-Nast-31) ● Spring 2016 Menswear (Paris Fashion Week) [59] (#cite_note-59) ● Spring 2016 Ready-to-Wear (New York Fashion Week) [60] (#cite_note-60) ● Fall 2016 Ready-to-Wear (New York Fashion Week) [61] (#cite_note-61) ● Spring 2017 Menswear (Paris Fashion Week) [62] (#cite_note-62) ● Spring 2017 Ready-to-Wear (New York Fashion Week) [63] (#cite_note-63) Brand collaborations [ edit ] ● Barneys (/wiki/Barneys_New_York) [64] (#cite_note-64) ● Been Trill [65] (#cite_note-65) ● Bjarne Melgaard (/wiki/Bjarne_Melgaard) [66] (#cite_note-66) ● Cash App (/wiki/Cash_App) [45] (#cite_note-Davis-45) ● Colette ● Corgi [67] (#cite_note-67) ● Dolly Cohen (/wiki/Dolly_Cohen) [68] (#cite_note-68) ● Dover Street Market (/wiki/Dover_Street_Market) [69] (#cite_note-69) ● Fox (/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company) ( Empire (/wiki/Empire_(2015_TV_series)) ) [70] (#cite_note-70) ● Frye [71] (#cite_note-71) ● Gentle Monster (/wiki/Gentle_Monster) [72] (#cite_note-72) ● Hustler (/wiki/Hustler_(magazine)) [73] (#cite_note-73) ● Kangol (/wiki/Kangol) [74] (#cite_note-74) ● LUMA Foundation (/wiki/LUMA_Foundation) [75] (#cite_note-75) ● Pieter Hugo (/wiki/Pieter_Hugo) [76] (#cite_note-76) ● Pornhub (/wiki/Pornhub) [35] (#cite_note-:9-35) ● Selfridges (/wiki/Selfridges) [77] (#cite_note-77) ● Starter ● Swarovski (/wiki/Swarovski) [78] (#cite_note-78) ● Virgil Alboh (/wiki/Virgil_Abloh) [23] (#cite_note-:7-23) ● Woolmark (/wiki/Woolmark) [79] (#cite_note-79) Awards [ edit ] 2014 LVMH (/wiki/LVMH) Special Jury Prize [10] (#cite_note-:2-10) 2015 CFDA (/wiki/CFDA_Award) Swarovski Award for Menswear [80] (#cite_note-80) See also [ edit ] Rick Owens (/wiki/Rick_Owens) Raf Simons (/wiki/Raf_Simons) Supreme (/wiki/Supreme_(brand)) Proenza Schouler (/wiki/Proenza_Schouler) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c Amarca, Nico (April 25, 2017). "Why Streetwear Needed Hood By Air" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/2017/04/25/hood-by-air-streetwear-legacy/) . Highsnobiety (/wiki/Highsnobiety) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Shayne Oliver Exits Design Duties at Hood By Air, Forms New ‘Corporation’ (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/luxury/shayne-oliver-exits-design-duties-at-hood-by-air-forms-new-corporation/) Business of Fashion , ROBERT CORDERO, 22 June 2023 ^ (#cite_ref-3) Segal, Emily (August 26, 2014). "Shayne Oliver of Hood By Air on His Design Vision" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/intelligence/shayne-oliver-hood-air-design-vision) . Business of Fashion (/wiki/Business_of_Fashion) . ^ Jump up to: a b c Shorey, Eric (April 6, 2017). "Hood By Air Is Going On Hiatus" (https://nylon.com/articles/hood-by-air-hiatus) . Nylon (/wiki/Nylon_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170408220335/https://nylon.com/articles/hood-by-air-hiatus) from the original on April 8, 2017 . Retrieved September 2, 2018 . Hood By Air had always stunned at fashion shows with spectacular displays that in 2014 included a live vogue performance. The company's aesthetic of dark, "banjee," and deconstructed looks had first crystalized in secret party spaces like GHE20 G0THIK and eventually transformed into a CFDA-winning label. ^ Jump up to: a b Hawgood, Alex (April 10, 2013). "Hood by Air Has a Fashion Moment" (https://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/11/fashion/hood-by-air-has-a-fashion-moment.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "The 25 Greatest Black Fashion Designers" (http://www.complex.com/style/2013/02/the-25-greatest-black-fashion-designers/shayne-oliver) . Complex (/wiki/Complex_(magazine)) . February 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-NYT_March_2018_7-0) Da Costa, Cassie (March 16, 2018). "Leilah Weinraub's Radical Cinema of Privacy in "Shakedown" (https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/leilah-weinraubs-radical-cinema-of-privacy-in-shakedown) " (https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/leilah-weinraubs-radical-cinema-of-privacy-in-shakedown) . The New Yorker . Retrieved November 11, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-W_Mag_2017_8-0) Eckardt, Stephanie (May 23, 2017). "Hood by Air's Leilah Weinraub on the Debut of Her Film About a Black Lesbian Strip Club" (https://www.wmagazine.com/story/leilah-weinraub-hood-by-air-ceo-film-whitney-biennial-interview) . W Magazine . Retrieved November 11, 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b Stone, Matthew (February 13, 2015). "embracing all ages, races, genders and tribes on the hood by air runway" (https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/9ky3b3/embracing-all-ages-races-genders-and-tribes-on-the-hood-by-air-runway) . i-D . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "LVMH announces the winners of the LVMH Prize for Young Fashion Designers 2014" (https://www.lvmh.com/news-documents/press-releases/lvmh-announces-the-winners-of-the-lvmh-prize-for-young-fashion-designers-2014/) . LVMH . May 28, 2014 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Hood By Air's Shayne Oliver Wins Swarovski Award for Menswear at 2015 CFDA Awards" (https://www.complex.com/style/2015/06/shayne-oliver-hood-by-air-2015-cfda-awards) . Complex . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "FADER Explains: Hood By Air" (https://www.thefader.com/2014/05/27/fader-explains-hood-by-air) . The FADER . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Face Time: The Next Generation of New York's Legendary Vogue Scene" (https://www.thefader.com/2011/07/07/face-time-the-next-generation-of-new-yorks-legendary-vogue-scene) . The FADER . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Givhan, Robin (September 4, 2014). "How designer Shayne Oliver won over Kanye West, A$AP Rocky — and the fashion world" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/how-designer-shayne-oliver-won-over-kanye-west-aap-rocky--and-the-fashion-world/2014/09/04/0164105e-2972-11e4-8593-da634b334390_story.html) . Washington Post . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0190-8286 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286) . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Hercules & Love Affair's Debut Album Turns 10: Andy Butler Looks Back at the Project's Inception" (https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/pride/8239786/hercules-love-affairs-debut-album-10-andy-butler) . Billboard . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Shayne Oliver Talks About Dropping Out of FIT and Starting Hood By Air (Video)" (https://www.complex.com/style/2014/04/shayne-oliver-talks-dropping-out-of-fit-starting-hood-by-air) . Complex . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "How Hood By Air Harnessed the Spirit of New York City Nightlife" (https://www.electronicbeats.net/hood-by-air-shayne-oliver-venus-x-ghettogothik/) . Telekom Electronic Beats . June 16, 2020 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Hood By Air Classics Launch Party" (https://hypebeast.com/2009/1/hood-by-air-classics-launch-party) . HYPEBEAST . January 22, 2009 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Inside the Ambiguously Gendered, Pan-Racial, In-Your-Face Rolling Party of Hood by Air" (http://www.thecut.com/2015/02/hood-by-air.html) . The Cut . February 12, 2015 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Dazed (December 17, 2019). "A collective, anarchic history of Hood By Air" (https://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/47087/1/a-collective-anarchic-history-of-hood-by-air) . Dazed . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Cordero, Robert (September 11, 2015). "The Image-Masters Behind Hood By Air" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/news-analysis/the-image-masters-behind-hood-by-air) . Business Of Fashion . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "- IDEAL POLE by Bjarne Melgaard" (http://www.ramikencrucible.com/ideal-pole/single-gallery/14912050?originalSize=true) . www.ramikencrucible.com . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "How Hood By Air Changed Fashion in the 2010s" (https://www.complex.com/style/hood-by-air-changed-fashion-in-the-2010s) . Complex . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) KERWIN FROST TALKS WITH HOOD BY AIR FT SHAYNE OLIVER AND IAN ISIAH (EPISODE 5) , retrieved July 2, 2021 ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Hood By Air F/W 2013 Show at Milk Studios, New York - purple FASHION" (https://purple.fr/diary/hood-by-air-fw-2013-show-at-milk-studios-new-york/) . Purple (in French). February 12, 2013 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Celeb Spotting: A$AP Rocky Closes Hood By Air Fall 2013" (https://www.gq.com/story/celeb-spotting-aap-rocky-closes-hood-by-air-fall-2013) . GQ . February 10, 2013 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "Hood By Air RTW Spring 2015" (https://wwd.com/runway/spring-ready-to-wear-2015/paris/hood-by-air/review/) . WWD . September 23, 2014 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) "MoMA PopRally Presents Hood by Air: Id | MoMA" (https://www.moma.org/calendar/events/602) . The Museum of Modern Art . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) SSENSE (February 27, 2019). "Creative Director Shayne Oliver is Relaunching Hood by Air" (https://www.ssense.com/en-gb/editorial/fashion/creative-director-shayne-oliver-is-relaunching-hood-by-air) . ssense . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "What Happened to Hood By Air?" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/retail/what-happened-to-hood-by-air) . The Business of Fashion . February 12, 2020 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "In Florence, a Fearless Take on Tradition From Hood by Air" (https://www.vogue.com/article/hood-by-air-pitti-uomo-presentation) . Vogue . January 15, 2015 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) Nnadi, Chioma. "Hood By Air Fall 2016 Ready-to-Wear Collection" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/fall-2016-ready-to-wear/hood-by-air) . Vogue . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "Inside Hood By Air's Epic Miami Pool Party, Art Basel 2016's Most Transgressive Show" (https://www.wmagazine.com/story/inside-hood-by-airs-epic-miami-pool-party-art-basel-2016s-most-transgressive-show) . W Magazine . December 3, 2016 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) Friedman, Vanessa (August 29, 2016). "MTV Video Music Awards Are the Anti-Oscars, and That's a Good Thing" (https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/30/fashion/mtv-video-music-awards-beyonce.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b Breslin, Susannah. "How A Porn Company And A Fashion Brand Shocked New York Fashion Week" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/susannahbreslin/2016/09/27/hood-by-air-pornhub/) . Forbes . Retrieved March 4, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-36) "Hood By Air: SS17 NYFW" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/hba-ss17-nyfw/) . Highsnobiety . September 12, 2016 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-37) Yotka, Steff (April 6, 2017). "Hood By Air Is Taking a Break From Fashion" (https://www.vogue.com/article/hood-by-air-halting-production) . Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) . ^ (#cite_ref-38) Hope Allwood, Emma (September 12, 2017). "Shayne Oliver's Helmut Lang makes next-level NYFW debut" (https://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/37360/1/shayne-olivers-helmut-lang-makes-its-nyfw-debut-ss18-show-isabella-burley) . Dazed Digital . ^ (#cite_ref-39) "The Helmut Lang Seen by Shayne Autumn Tour Merch Collection Offers a Novel Way to Show You're With the B(r)and" (https://www.vogue.com/article/new-york-fashion-week-spring-2018-shayne-oliver-helmut-lang) . Vogue . September 11, 2017 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-40) "Shayne Oliver Unveils a New Capsule Collection for Diesel in Paris" (https://www.vogue.com/article/shayne-oliver-diesel-red-tag-project-paris-collection) . Vogue . March 4, 2018 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-41) "Shayne Oliver Teams Up With Colmar For Skiwear Collection" (https://www.papermag.com/shayne-oliver-colmar-aw18-2600873491.html?rebelltitem=14#rebelltitem14?rebelltitem=14) . PAPER . September 1, 2018 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Hood By Air is Officially Coming Back This Thursday" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/hood-by-air-relaunch/) . Highsnobiety . July 14, 2020 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-43) Yotka, Steff (March 3, 2021). "Hood By Air Relaunches Its Ready-to-Wear, Starring Naomi Campbell" (https://www.vogue.com/article/hood-by-air-prologue-naomi-campbell-mother-campaign) . Vogue . Retrieved March 12, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-44) Yotka, Steff (July 16, 2020). "Hood by Air Returns With a T-Shirt, Cash Card, and Expansive Plans for the Future" (https://www.vogue.com/article/hood-by-air-returns-t-shirt-cash-card) . Vogue . Retrieved March 12, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b Davis, Dominic-Madori. "Pioneering luxury streetwear brand Hood By Air is back 3 years after going on hiatus, and it's partnering with Cash App on a new 'Cash Card' (https://www.businessinsider.com/hood-by-air-announced-partnership-with-financial-service-cash-app-2020-7) " (https://www.businessinsider.com/hood-by-air-announced-partnership-with-financial-service-cash-app-2020-7) . Business Insider . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-46) "Hood By Air Relaunches Its Ready-to-Wear, Starring Naomi Campbell" (https://www.vogue.com/article/hood-by-air-prologue-naomi-campbell-mother-campaign) . Vogue . March 3, 2021 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-47) "Can Shayne Oliver's HBA Pull Off a Second Coming?" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/luxury/shayne-oliver-hood-by-air-interview-reboot) . The Business of Fashion . November 11, 2020 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-48) "HOOD BY AIR" (https://www.lvmhprize.com/designer/hood-by-air/) . LVMH PRIZE . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Air Apparent" (https://www.vogue.com/article/hood-by-air-style-print) . Vogue . October 30, 2013 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b Geczy, Adam; Karaminas, Vicki (2018). "Rad Hourani's Gender Agnostics". Critical Fashion Practice: From Westwood to van Beirendonck . London: Bloomsbury Academic. pp. 105–120. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4742-6556-0 . ^ (#cite_ref-51) "Hood By Air" (https://hypebeast.com/tags/hood-by-air) . Hypebeast . ^ (#cite_ref-52) Singer, Maya (September 8, 2013). "Hood By Air Spring 2014 Menswear Collection" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2014-menswear/hood-by-air) . Vogue . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-53) Singer, Maya (February 9, 2014). "Hood By Air Fall 2014 Menswear Collection" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/fall-2014-menswear/hood-by-air) . Vogue . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-54) Singer, Maya (February 10, 2014). "Hood By Air Fall 2014 Ready-to-Wear Collection" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/fall-2014-ready-to-wear/hood-by-air) . Vogue . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-55) Singer, Maya (September 23, 2014). "Hood By Air Spring 2015 Ready-to-Wear Collection" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2015-ready-to-wear/hood-by-air) . Vogue . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-56) Manning, Emily (November 3, 2014). "hood by air unleashes its iD at moma" (https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/evnx9p/hood-by-air-unleashes-its-id-at-moma) . i-D . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-57) Singer, Maya (February 15, 2015). "Hood By Air Fall 2015 Ready-to-Wear Collection" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/fall-2015-ready-to-wear/hood-by-air) . Vogue . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-58) Singer, Maya (February 16, 2015). "Hood By Air Fall 2015 Menswear Collection" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/fall-2015-menswear/hood-by-air) . Vogue . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-59) Blanks, Tim (June 28, 2015). "Hood By Air Spring 2016 Menswear Collection" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2016-menswear/hood-by-air) . Vogue . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-60) Mower, Sarah (September 13, 2015). "Hood By Air Spring 2016 Ready-to-Wear Collection" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2016-ready-to-wear/hood-by-air) . Vogue . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-61) Nnadi, Chioma. "Hood By Air Fall 2016 Ready-to-Wear Collection" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/fall-2016-ready-to-wear/hood-by-air) . Vogue . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-62) Fury, Alexander (June 27, 2016). "Hood By Air Spring 2017 Menswear Collection" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2017-menswear/hood-by-air) . Vogue . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-63) Nnadi, Chioma (September 11, 2016). "Hood By Air Spring 2017 Ready-to-Wear Collection" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2017-ready-to-wear/hood-by-air) . Vogue . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-64) "Exclusive: Hood By Air and Barneys Team Up for a New Kind of Virtual Reality" (https://www.vogue.com/article/hood-by-air-barneys-new-york-windows) . Vogue . March 28, 2016 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-65) "HBA x Been Trill T-Shirt" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/hood-by-air-x-been-trill-t-shirt/) . Highsnobiety . February 6, 2013 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-66) "DIS Announces Diffusion Art Line to Launch Next Month" (http://artobserved.com/2014/02/dis-announces-diffusion-art-line-to-launch-next-month/) . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-67) "A Styled Look at the Hood By Air x Corgi Collection" (https://hypebeast.com/2013/11/a-styled-look-at-the-hood-by-air-x-corgi-collection) . HYPEBEAST . November 26, 2013 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-68) "Meet Dolly Cohen, The Parisian Woman Making The Craziest Grills In Rap" (https://www.thefader.com/2015/07/01/meet-dolly-cohen-the-parisian-woman-making-the-craziest-grills-in-rap) . The FADER . April 17, 2014 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-69) "Hood by Air Brings Installation and Exclusive Pieces to Dover Street Market New York" (https://www.complex.com/style/2015/04/hood-by-air-installation-exclusive-pieces-at-dover-street-market-new-york) . Complex . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-70) "What Would Cookie Wear? Hood By Air Teams Up With Empire on a Boss-Worthy Collab" (https://www.vogue.com/article/empire-hood-by-air-taraji-p-henson) . Vogue . November 10, 2015 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-71) Halbert, Mosha Lundstrom (December 21, 2016). "The Most Controversial Shoes on the Runways of 2016" (https://footwearnews.com/2016/fashion/designers/controversial-crazy-runway-shoes-2016-287907/) . Footwear News . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-72) "HBA x Gentle Monster SS16 Sunglasses" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/hood-by-air-gentle-monster-sunglasses-ss16/) . Highsnobiety . April 14, 2016 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-73) "Hood By Air Releases Final Spring '17 Campaign" (http://www.out.com/fashion/2017/5/03/hood-air-releases-final-spring-17-campaign) . www.out.com . May 3, 2017 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-74) "Hood By Air's Kangol Collaboration Goes on Sale Today" (https://www.vogue.com/article/hood-by-air-kangol-hats-direct-to-consumer) . Vogue . February 14, 2016 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-75) "Hood By Air Talk Us Through The First Anonymous Club Residency" (https://www.10magazine.com/arts/hood-by-air-anonymous-club-residency/) . 10 Magazine . December 7, 2020 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-76) "Hood By Air and Pieter Hugo Continue to Champion Jamaica's Homosexual Community With a New Collab" (https://www.vogue.com/article/hood-by-air-pieter-hugo-jamaica-homosexual-community-collaboration) . Vogue . December 2016 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-77) "Hood By Air Takes Over Selfridges for a Party That Celebrates Apocalyptic Rollerskating" (https://www.complex.com/style/2013/06/hood-by-air-selfridges-party-apocalyptic-rollerskating) . Complex . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-78) "Shayne Oliver of Hood By Air Bedazzles a Construction Drum for Charity" (https://www.gq.com/story/hood-by-air-shayne-oliver-interview-cfda) . GQ . May 12, 2015 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-79) Beach, Hana (July 27, 2015). "hood by air's shayne oliver joins the CFDA" (https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/d3vw7z/hood-by-airs-shayne-oliver-joins-the-cfda) . i-D . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-80) "Hood By Air's Shayne Oliver Wins Swarovski Award for Menswear at 2015 CFDA Awards" (https://www.complex.com/style/2015/06/shayne-oliver-hood-by-air-2015-cfda-awards) . Complex . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . 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American essayist, and fashion writer For the Scottish singer and composer, see Marjory Kennedy-Fraser (/wiki/Marjory_Kennedy-Fraser) . Kennedy Fraser (born 1948) is an American essayist (/wiki/Essayist) , and fashion writer (/wiki/Fashion_writer) . Life [ edit ] She is a native of England. [1] (#cite_note-1) Her work appeared in Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_magazine) , [2] (#cite_note-2) The New Yorker (/wiki/The_New_Yorker) , [3] (#cite_note-3) where she wrote for William Shawn (/wiki/William_Shawn) . [4] (#cite_note-4) Awards [ edit ] 1994 Whiting Award (/wiki/Whiting_Awards) Works [ edit ] Books [ edit ] Fashionable Mind: Reflections on Fashion 1970-1981 . Knopf. October 12, 1981. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-394-51775-9 . Scenes from the Fashionable World . Knopf. 1987. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-394-55483-9 . Ornament and Silence: Essays on Women's Lives . Knopf. 1996. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-394-58539-0 . Ornament and Silence: Essays on Women's Lives from Edith Wharton to Germaine Greer . Vintage Books. 1998. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-375-70112-2 . Anthologies [ edit ] Gilbert T. Sewall (/wiki/Gilbert_T._Sewall) , ed. (1998). "The Fashionable Mind" (https://books.google.com/books?id=y_jfY9lQvcgC&q=%22kennedy+fraser%22+fashionable+mind&pg=PA34) . The Eighties: a reader . Da Capo Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7382-0035-4 . Virginia Wright Wexman, ed. (1999). "Portrait of a Director" (https://books.google.com/books?id=l0rvxoT4mj4C&q=kennedy+fraser&pg=PA192) . Jane Campion: interviews . University Press of Mississippi. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-57806-083-2 . Articles [ edit ] "The Mighty Penn" (http://www.vogue.com/voguedaily/2009/10/the-mighty-penn/) [ dead link ] , Vogue , July 2007. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "The Kennedy Style" (https://books.google.com/books?id=y-ICAAAAMBAJ&dq=%22kennedy+fraser%22&pg=PA172) , New York Magazine (/wiki/New_York_Magazine) , December 6, 1996, p. 172. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Vogue" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110716192529/http://www.vogue.com/search/?cx=010858178366868418930:izwp1-ixezo&q=kennedy+fraser&cof=FORID:11&x=0&y=0#356) . Archived from the original (http://www.vogue.com/search/?cx=010858178366868418930%3Aizwp1-ixezo&q=kennedy+fraser&cof=FORID%3A11&x=0&y=0#356) on 2011-07-16 . Retrieved 2010-01-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Search" (https://www.newyorker.com/search/query?query=authorName:%22Kennedy%20Fraser%22) . The New Yorker (/wiki/The_New_Yorker) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Sarah Ban Breathnach (/wiki/Sarah_Ban_Breathnach) (2000). Something More: Excavating Your Authentic Self . Warner Books. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-446-67708-0 . External links [ edit ] Profile at The Whiting Foundation (http://www.whiting.org/awards/winners/kennedy-fraser#/) "The Dressers", (https://books.google.com/books?id=_uUCAAAAMBAJ&dq=%22kennedy+fraser%22+fashionable+mind&pg=PA100) New York Magazine Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International FAST (http://id.worldcat.org/fast/75747/) ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000116008865) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/17400473) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJvHh6yxtxWbKhRKJ3tFrq) National Norway (https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90208293) France (https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13740853d) BnF data (https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13740853d) Israel (http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007386372105171) United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81077285) Netherlands (http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p073952915) Other IdRef (https://www.idref.fr/067000002) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐7b964c8bc7‐4p55h Cached time: 20240709035544 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.298 seconds Real time usage: 0.421 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 732/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 22908/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1116/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 14/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 31902/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.214/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4538518/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 396.285 1 -total 32.56% 129.048 1 Template:Authority_control 26.86% 106.461 7 Template:Cite_book 20.02% 79.336 1 Template:Short_description 11.69% 46.337 2 Template:Pagetype 7.98% 31.608 1 Template:Dead_link 7.39% 29.296 1 Template:Reflist 6.78% 26.887 1 Template:Fix 6.04% 23.935 2 Template:Category_handler 5.29% 20.979 1 Template:About Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:25669933-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709035544 and revision id 1145173294. 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Canadian sewing podcast Podcast Love To Sew Presentation Genre Sewing Design Language English (/wiki/English_language) Updates Active, weekly Length ca. 60 minutes Production Production Helen Wilkinson and Caroline Somos (2017–present) No. of episodes 121 (as of November 2019 [update] (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Love_To_Sew&action=edit) ) Publication Original release August 11, 2017 ( 2017-08-11 ) Provider Independent Love To Sew is a Canadian sewing (/wiki/Sewing) podcast (/wiki/Podcast) hosted by Helen Wilkinson and Caroline Somos focused on handmade clothing. [1] (#cite_note-Stively-1) [2] (#cite_note-Ball-2) In 2019, Love To Sew was included on Simply Sewing' s list of best sewing podcasts. [3] (#cite_note-Williams-3) Description [ edit ] Based in Vancouver (/wiki/Vancouver) , British Columbia (/wiki/British_Columbia) the podcast launched in August 2017 as a way to address a lack of sewing related podcast options. [1] (#cite_note-Stively-1) [4] (#cite_note-LoveToSewAbout-4) The weekly episodes include interviews with sewers, pattern designers or small business owners, along with discussions and advice about sewing techniques, pattern adjustments, fabric choices, sewing machines, and notions. [5] (#cite_note-ApiCouture-5) [6] (#cite_note-Hajdukovic-6) [7] (#cite_note-Lundström-7) Guests on the show have included former The Great British Sewing Bee (/wiki/The_Great_British_Sewing_Bee_(series_1)) contestant Tilly Walnes (/wiki/Tilly_Walnes) , actress Jasika Nicole (/wiki/Jasika_Nicole) , author Gretchen Rubin (/wiki/Gretchen_Rubin) and independent designer Jen Beeman (/wiki/Jen_Beeman) . [8] (#cite_note-8) The hosts, who met on Instagram, both run small sewing related businesses in Vancouver. [1] (#cite_note-Stively-1) Wilkinson is the operator for pattern company Helen's Closet Patterns and Samos runs the online fabric store Blackbird Fabrics. [7] (#cite_note-Lundström-7) [5] (#cite_note-ApiCouture-5) [6] (#cite_note-Hajdukovic-6) In 2019, Love To Sew was included on Simply Sewing' s list of best sewing podcasts which highlighted the show's discussions about pattern hacking and sewing swimwear as part of the Sewing Skills series. [3] (#cite_note-Williams-3) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c Stively, Meg (January 2019). "The Love to Sew Podcast" (https://www.seamwork.com/issues/2019/01/the-love-to-sew-podcast) . Seamwork Magazine . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220720152539/https://www.seamwork.com/articles/the-love-to-sew-podcast) from the original on 20 July 2022 . Retrieved 1 December 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-Ball_2-0) Ball, Karen (4 April 2019). The Little Book of Sewing . Head of Zeus. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781788546690 . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220720152538/https://books.google.com/books?id=U7VgDwAAQBAJ&q=%22love+to+sew%22+podcast+helen&pg=PT43) from the original on 20 July 2022 . Retrieved 1 December 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b Williams, Z. (8 January 2019). "8 of the best sewing podcasts" (http://www.simplysewingmag.com/blog/8-best-sewing-podcasts/) . Simply Sewing Magazine . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191114004434/http://www.simplysewingmag.com/blog/8-best-sewing-podcasts/) from the original on 14 November 2019 . Retrieved 1 December 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-LoveToSewAbout_4-0) "About" (http://lovetosewpodcast.com/about/) . Love To Sew Podcast . 9 February 2016. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191202144747/http://lovetosewpodcast.com/about/) from the original on 2 December 2019 . Retrieved 1 December 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "LOVE TO SEW : l'inspirant podcast couture" (http://www.apicouture.com/love-to-sew-linspirant-podcast-couture/586/) . ApiCouture (in French). 27 August 2018. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201020030743/http://www.apicouture.com/love-to-sew-linspirant-podcast-couture/586/) from the original on 20 October 2020 . Retrieved 1 December 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b Hajdukovic, Daniela (8 May 2017). "Love To Sew" (https://www.citr.ca/discorder/february-2018/love-to-sew/) . CiTR . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220720152542/https://www.citr.ca/discorder/february-2018/love-to-sew/) from the original on 20 July 2022 . Retrieved 1 December 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b Lundström, Johanna (8 November 2016). "The big list of sewing podcasts" (https://www.thelaststitch.com/big-guide-sewing-podcasts/) . The Last Stitch . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201030035752/https://www.thelaststitch.com/big-guide-sewing-podcasts/) from the original on 30 October 2020 . Retrieved 1 December 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Episodes" (http://lovetosewpodcast.com/episodes-feed/) . Love To Sew Podcast . 9 February 2016. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191118225914/http://lovetosewpodcast.com/episodes-feed/) from the original on 18 November 2019 . Retrieved 1 December 2019 . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://lovetosewpodcast.com/) This article about podcasting is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Types and social use of clothing in Myanmar Part of a series (/wiki/Category:Myanmar) on the Culture of Myanmar (/wiki/Culture_of_Myanmar) History (/wiki/History_of_Myanmar) Prehistory (/wiki/Prehistory_of_Myanmar) Pyu city-states (/wiki/Pyu_city-states) Thaton Kingdom (/wiki/Thaton_Kingdom) Pagan Kingdom (/wiki/Pagan_Kingdom) Myinsaing Kingdom (/wiki/Myinsaing_Kingdom) Pinya Kingdom (/wiki/Pinya_Kingdom) Sagaing Kingdom (/wiki/Sagaing_Kingdom) Kingdom of Ava (/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ava) Prome Kingdom (/wiki/Prome_Kingdom) Hanthawaddy Kingdom (/wiki/Hanthawaddy_Kingdom) Kingdom of Mrauk U (/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mrauk_U) Toungoo dynasty (/wiki/Toungoo_dynasty) First Toungoo Empire (/wiki/First_Toungoo_Empire) Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom (/wiki/Restored_Hanthawaddy_Kingdom) Konbaung dynasty (/wiki/Konbaung_dynasty) Shan States (/wiki/Shan_States) Karenni States (/wiki/Karenni_States) British rule (/wiki/British_rule_in_Burma) Japanese occupation (/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Burma) Union of Burma (/wiki/History_of_Burma_(1948%E2%80%931962)) Socialist Republic (/wiki/History_of_Burma_(1962%E2%80%931988)) 8888 Uprising (/wiki/8888_Uprising) State Peace and Development Council (/wiki/State_Peace_and_Development_Council) 2007 protests (/wiki/Saffron_Revolution) 2011–2015 political reforms (/wiki/2011%E2%80%932015_Myanmar_political_reforms) 2021 coup (/wiki/2021_Myanmar_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat) Protests (/wiki/Myanmar_protests_(2021%E2%80%93present)) Civil war (/wiki/Myanmar_civil_war_(2021%E2%80%93present)) People (/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Myanmar) Languages (/wiki/Languages_of_Myanmar) Burmese language (/wiki/Burmese_language) Mon language (/wiki/Mon_language) Traditions Twelve Auspicious Rites (/wiki/Twelve_Auspicious_Rites) Anade (/wiki/Anade) Clothing Acheik (/wiki/Acheik) Kinship (/wiki/Burmese_kinship) Names (/wiki/Burmese_names) Tattooing (/wiki/Tattooing_in_Myanmar) Weddings (/wiki/Weddings_in_Myanmar) Zodiac (/wiki/Burmese_zodiac) Mythology Folklore (/wiki/Mythical_creatures_in_Burmese_folklore) Cuisine (/wiki/Burmese_cuisine) Burmese curry (/wiki/Burmese_curry) Burmese fritters (/wiki/Burmese_fritters) Burmese salads (/wiki/Burmese_salads) Burmese snacks (/wiki/Mont_(food)) Burmese tea (/wiki/Lahpet) Burmese tofu (/wiki/Burmese_tofu) Satuditha (/wiki/Satuditha) Festivals Burmese calendar (/wiki/Burmese_calendar) Public holidays (/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Myanmar) Traditional festivals (/wiki/List_of_Burmese_traditional_festivals) Pagoda festival (/wiki/Pagoda_festival) Religion (/wiki/Religion_in_Myanmar) Burmese folk religion (/wiki/Burmese_folk_religion) Buddhism (/wiki/Buddhism_in_Myanmar) Burmese pagoda (/wiki/Burmese_pagoda) Kyaung (/wiki/Kyaung) Buddhābhiṣeka (/wiki/Buddh%C4%81bhi%E1%B9%A3eka) Okāsa (/wiki/Ok%C4%81sa) Phongyibyan (/wiki/Phongyibyan) Christianity (/wiki/Christianity_in_Myanmar) Hinduism (/wiki/Hinduism_in_Myanmar) Art (/wiki/Art_of_Myanmar) Architecture (/wiki/Myanmar_architecture) Ceramics (/wiki/Burmese_ceramics) Contemporary art (/wiki/Burmese_contemporary_art) Visual culture (/wiki/Myanmar_Photo_Archive) Kalaga (/wiki/Kalaga) Glass mosaic (/wiki/Glass_mosaic) Literature (/wiki/Literature_of_Myanmar) Literature (/wiki/Literature_of_Myanmar) Music (/wiki/Music_of_Myanmar) and performing arts Mahāgīta (/wiki/Mah%C4%81g%C4%ABta) Dance (/wiki/Dance_in_Myanmar) Yein (/wiki/Yein) Anyeint (/wiki/Anyeint) Yoke thé (/wiki/Yoke_th%C3%A9) Copy Thachin (/wiki/Copy_Thachin) Media (/wiki/Media_in_Myanmar) Radio (/wiki/Radio_in_Myanmar) Television (/wiki/Television_in_Myanmar) Cinema (/wiki/Cinema_of_Myanmar) Sport (/wiki/Sport_in_Myanmar) Naban (/wiki/Naban) Thaing (/wiki/Thaing) Chinlone (/wiki/Chinlone) Lethwei (/wiki/Lethwei) Banshay (/wiki/Banshay) Bando (/wiki/Bando) Monuments World Heritage Sites (/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Myanmar) Shwedagon Pagoda (/wiki/Shwedagon_Pagoda) Mandalay Palace (/wiki/Mandalay_Palace) Symbols Flag (/wiki/Flag_of_Myanmar) Coat of arms (/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Myanmar) National anthem (/wiki/National_anthem_of_Myanmar) Organisations National Museum (Naypyidaw) (/wiki/National_Museum_(Naypyidaw)) National Museum (Yangon) (/wiki/National_Museum_of_Myanmar) National Library of Myanmar (/wiki/National_Library_of_Myanmar) National Theatre of Yangon (/wiki/National_Theatre_of_Yangon) Myanmar portal (/wiki/Portal:Myanmar) v t e Clothing in Myanmar varies depending on the ethnicity (/wiki/Ethnic) , geography, climate and cultural traditions of the people of each region of Myanmar (/wiki/Myanmar) (Burma). The most widely recognized Burmese national costume (/wiki/National_costume) is the longyi (/wiki/Longyi) , which is worn by both males and females nationwide. Burmese clothing also features great diversity in terms of textiles, weaves, fibers, colours and materials, including velvet (/wiki/Velvet) , silk (/wiki/Silk) , lace (/wiki/Lace) , muslin (/wiki/Muslin) , and cotton. History [ edit ] Pre-colonial era [ edit ] Pagan era [ edit ] An illustration depicting Pagan-era clothing. During the Pagan dynasty (/wiki/Pagan_Kingdom) , while cotton was the most commonly used textile material, other imported textiles such as silk, satin, and velvet, were also used in Burmese clothing. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Trade with neighboring societies has been dated to the Pyu era, and certainly enriched the material culture, with imported textiles used for ritual and costume. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) For instance, the Mingalazedi Pagoda (/wiki/Mingalazedi_Pagoda) , built during the reign of Narathihapate (/wiki/Narathihapate) , contains enshrined articles of satin and velvet clothing, which were not locally produced. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Pagan-era kings and princes wore robes called wutlon (ဝတ်လုံ), duyin (ဒုယင်), and thoyin (သိုရင်း) as upper garments, while wearing dhoti (/wiki/Dhoti) -like loinclothes as lower garments. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Meanwhile, aristocratic women wore strapless bodices called yinsi (ရင်စေ့) over a chemise, before adopting looser jackets and body garments, including longer sari-like garments and baggy trousers, that gained currency in the later Pagan period. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Relative social rank was distinguished by the use of gold and silver embroidery patterns; high quality attire and floral designs were worn by the upper class and ruling class. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Konbaung era [ edit ] Burmese courtiers and the monarch dressed in royal ceremonial costumes during a Royal Ploughing Ceremony (/wiki/Royal_Ploughing_Ceremony) . Dress was a major cultural aspect of life in pre-colonial Burmese kingdoms. Foreign travelers reported the presence of a loom in every household, enabling every women to weave their family's everyday clothing. [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) Vincenzo Sangermano (/wiki/Vincenzo_Sangermano) , an Italian priest who was posted in the Konbaung kingdom (/wiki/Konbaung_Kingdom) at the turn of the 19th century, observed that locals were "splendid and extravagant in their dress." [3] (#cite_note-:2-3) Ear-boring ceremonies for girls was a major rite of passage (/wiki/Rite_of_passage) . Locals adorned themselves with gold and silver, including rings set with precious stones, necklaces, bracelets, and anklets. [3] (#cite_note-:2-3) These accessories accompanied traditional attire, consisting of a sarong-like wrap – paso for men or a htamein for women – both of which were made of cotton or silk. [3] (#cite_note-:2-3) Wooden or leather sandals were worn as footwear. [3] (#cite_note-:2-3) Men and women alike dressed in their finest attire, including ornamented jackets, for visits to pagodas and other important events. [3] (#cite_note-:2-3) Sumptuary laws (/wiki/Sumptuary_law) called yazagaing dictated material consumption for Burmese subjects in the Konbaung kingdom, everything from the style of one's house to clothing appropriate for one's social standing, from regulations concerning funerary ceremonies and the coffin to be used to usage of various speech forms based on rank and social status. [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScott1882411-4) [5] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScott1882406-407-5) [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAndrus1947x-6) In particular, sumptuary laws in the royal capital were exceedingly strict and the most elaborate in character. [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScott1882406-7) Sumptuary regulations governing dress and ornamentation were carefully observed as a means of reinforcing social hierarchy. Designs with the peacock (/wiki/Peacock) insignia were strictly reserved for the royal family and long-tailed hip-length htaingmathein jackets and surcoats were reserved for officials. [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScott1882409-8) Fabrics with metallic threads, sequins and embroidery were limited to royals, high-ranking officials, and tributary princes ( sawbwa ). [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) Velvet (/wiki/Velvet) sandals were only permitted to be worn by members of the royal family and ministers’ wives. [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScott1882411-4) Adornment with jewels and precious stones was similarly regulated. Usage of hinthapada ( ဟင်္သပဒါး ), a vermilion (/wiki/Vermilion) dye made from cinnabar (/wiki/Cinnabar) , was also regulated. [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScott1882411-4) Colonial era [ edit ] Portrait of a Burmese family dressed in traditional attire at the turn of the 20th century. A Mandalay woman dressed in a trailing htamein commonly worn in until the early 20th century. The dawn of colonial rule led to the demise of sumptuary laws. Unlike in neighboring French Indochina (/wiki/French_Indochina) , the Burmese monarchy was completely dismantled, creating an immediate vacuum for state sponsorship of material culture, institutions, and traditions. [9] (#cite_note-:3-9) The colonial era ushered in a wave of non-aristocratic nouveau riche Burmese who sought to adopt the styles and costumes of the aristocrats of pre-colonial times. [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) During the British colonial era, clothing gained new meaning in Burmese life, as an expression of anti-colonial sentiment. [10] (#cite_note-:4-10) Burmese nationalists associated traditional clothing, in particular Yaw longyi ( ယောလုံချည် ), a type of longyi (/wiki/Longyi) from the Yaw region, and pinni taikpon ( ပင်နီတိုက်ပုံအင်္ကျီ ), a fawn (/wiki/Fawn_(color)) -coloured collarless jacket, with anti-colonialism and nationalist sentiment; Burmese who wore this characteristic outfit were arrested by British police. [10] (#cite_note-:4-10) [11] (#cite_note-edw-11) The wearing of "traditional" clothing was now seen as a mode of passive anti-colonial resistance among the Burmese. [11] (#cite_note-edw-11) [10] (#cite_note-:4-10) Inspired by Gandhi's Swadeshi movement (/wiki/Swadeshi_movement) , Burmese nationalists also waged campaigns boycotting imported goods, including clothing, to promote the consumption of locally produced garments. [10] (#cite_note-:4-10) Clothing styles also evolved during the colonial era; the voluminous taungshay paso and htamein with its train, were abandoned in favor of a simpler longyi that was more convenient to wear. [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) The female sarong ( htamein ) became shorter, no longer extending to the feet, but to the ankles, and the length of the sarong's topband decreased to reveal more waistline. [12] (#cite_note-ike-12) This period also saw the introduction of a sheer muslin (/wiki/Muslin) blouse for women, revealing a corset-like lace bodice called za bawli ( ဇာဘော်လီ ). British rule also influenced hair fashion and clothing. Western accessories such as belts and leather shoes were commonly worn with "traditional" attire. [13] (#cite_note-13) Cropped short hair, called bo ke ( ဗိုလ်ကေ ) replaced long hair as the norm among Burmese men. [12] (#cite_note-ike-12) Similarly, women began wearing hairstyles like amauk ( အမောက် ), consisting of crested bangs curled at the top, with the traditional hair bun (/wiki/Hair_bun) ( ဆံထုံး ). [12] (#cite_note-ike-12) The practice of traditional Burmese tattooing (/wiki/Tattooing_in_Myanmar) similarly declined in popularity. Modern era [ edit ] A saung (/wiki/Saung) (harp) musician dressed in a traditional blouse and acheik htamein . The onset of independence reinforced the central role of clothing in Burmese national identity. While other Southeast Asian nations sought to "modernize" preferred clothing choices for their citizens (e.g., Siam with the cultural mandates (/wiki/Thai_cultural_mandates) , or Indonesia, with encouraging trousers over sarong (/wiki/Sarong) for men), successive Burmese governments have encouraged the continued use of longyi by both men and women as daily wear. [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) In a 1951 speech at the all-Burma Indian Cultural Conference, Burmese prime minister U Nu (/wiki/U_Nu) identified dress as one of the main distinctive markers of a nation, noting that national costume "carries with it that distinctive mark of culture of the rice or national which is its very backbone." [10] (#cite_note-:4-10) [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) The Burmese Way to Socialism (/wiki/Burmese_Way_to_Socialism) continued to reinforced the practice of wearing traditional attire in favor of Western clothing. [9] (#cite_note-:3-9) National costumes [ edit ] Longyi [ edit ] Main article: Longyi (/wiki/Longyi) A Burmese woman dressed in a pre-colonial htamein . The national costume of Myanmar is the longyi (/wiki/Longyi) ( လုံချည် , Burmese pronunciation: [lòʊɴd͡ʑì] (/wiki/Help:IPA/Burmese) ), an ankle-length wraparound skirt worn by both males and females. The longyi in its modern form was popularized during the British colonial period, replacing the traditional paso worn by men and htamein worn by women in pre-colonial times. The pre-colonial htamein features a broad train called yethina (ရေသီနား) and is only seen in modern times as wedding attire or a dance costume. Similarly, the pre-colonial paso is only commonly worn during stage performances, including dances and anyeint (/wiki/Anyeint) performances as well as wedding or high social events. Acheik textiles [ edit ] Main article: Acheik (/wiki/Acheik) Members of Myanmar's State Peace and Development Council (/wiki/State_Peace_and_Development_Council) dressed in acheik longyi The indigenous Burmese textile pattern, called acheik ( အချိတ် ; [ʔət͡ɕʰeɪʔ] (/wiki/Help:IPA/Burmese) ) or luntaya acheik (လွန်းတစ်ရာအချိတ်), features intricate waves interwoven with bands of horizontal stripes, embellished with arabesque (/wiki/Arabesque) designs. Luntaya ( လွန်းတစ်ရာ ; [lʊ́ɴtəjà] (/wiki/Help:IPA/Burmese) ), which literally means a "hundred shuttles,"refers to the time-consuming, expensive, and complex process of weaving this pattern, which requires using 50 to 200 individual shuttles, each wound with a different color of silk. [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) The weaving is labor-intensive, requiring at least two weavers to manipulate the shuttles to achieve the interwoven wave-like patterns. [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) Acheik is most commonly used as a textile for male paso or female htamein. The color palettes used in acheik incorporate a bold array of contrasting shades in a similar color range to create a shimmering trompe-l'œil (/wiki/Trompe-l%27%C5%93il) effect. [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) Designs for men feature simpler zig-zag, cable and interlocking lappet motifs, while those for women interweave undulating waves with arabesque embellishments such as floral motifs or creepers. [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) The towns of Amarapura and Wundwin (/wiki/Wundwin) remain major domestic centers of traditional acheik weaving, although in recent years, cheaper factory-produced imitations from China (/wiki/China) and India (/wiki/India) have significantly disrupted Myanmar's traditional cottage industry (/wiki/Cottage_industry) . [16] (#cite_note-16) Acheik weaving originates in Amarapura (/wiki/Amarapura) , near the Pahtodawgyi (/wiki/Pahtodawgyi) pagoda. [17] (#cite_note-:5-17) The name acheik may derive from the name of the quarter in which the weavers lived, Letcheik Row (လက်ချိတ်တန်း); the term itself was previously called waik (ဝိုက်), referring to the woven zig-zag pattern. [17] (#cite_note-:5-17) While some sources claim that the acheik pattern was introduced by Manipuri weavers during the late 1700s, there are no comparable Manipuri textiles that resemble acheik . [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) The wave-like patterns may have in fact been inspired by Neolithic motifs and natural phenomena (i.e., waves, clouds, indigenous flora and fauna). [17] (#cite_note-:5-17) Acheik -type designs are found on pottery dating back to the Pyu city states (/wiki/Pyu_city-states) (400s-900s CE), as well as in temple wall paintings dating back to the Bagan Kingdom (/wiki/Bagan_Kingdom) era (1000s-1200s CE). [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) Tributary gifts bestowed to the Burmese royal court may also have provided an additional source of inspiration. [17] (#cite_note-:5-17) The textile became popular during the Konbaung dynasty (/wiki/Konbaung_dynasty) , during which sumptuary laws (/wiki/Sumptuary_law) regulated who could wear acheik clothing. [18] (#cite_note-18) The acheik pattern was exclusively worn by members of the royal court, officials, and their entourages. [17] (#cite_note-:5-17) Taikpon jacket [ edit ] Main article: Magua (clothing) (/wiki/Magua_(clothing)) For business and formal occasions, Bamar (/wiki/Bamar) men wear a Manchu Chinese jacket (/wiki/Magua_(clothing)) called a taikpon eingyi ( တိုက်ပုံအင်္ကျီ , [taɪʔpòʊɴ] (/wiki/Help:IPA/Burmese) ) over a mandarin collar (/wiki/Mandarin_collar) shirt. This costume was popularized during the colonial era. Female eingyi [ edit ] Burmese women wear blouses called eingyi ( အင်္ကျီ [ʔéɪɴd͡ʑì] (/wiki/Help:IPA/Burmese) ). There are two prevalent styles of eingyi : yinzi ( ရင်စေ့ ) buttoned at the front, or yinbon ( ရင်ဖုံး ), buttoned at the side. For formal and religious occasions, Burmese women typically don a shawl. Htaingmathein jacket [ edit ] Main article: Htaingmathein (/wiki/Htaingmathein) In this colonial-era photo, a woman is dressed in a yinkhan (bodice), and htaingmathein (jacket). The most formal rendition of Myanmar's national costume for females includes a buttonless tight-fitting hip-length jacket called htaingmathein ( ထိုင်မသိမ်း , [tʰàɪɴməθéɪɴ] (/wiki/Help:IPA/Burmese) ), sometimes with flared bottoms and embroidered sequins. Htaingmathein in Burmese literally means "does not gather while sitting," referring to the fact that the tight-fitting jacket does not crumple up when sitting. This jacket was popular among the aristocratic classes during the Konbaung dynasty (/wiki/Konbaung_dynasty) and modern day upper classes, and is now most commonly worn by females as wedding attire, or as traditional dance costume as well as high social events sometimes. The htaingmathein is worn over a bodice called yinkhan ( ရင်ခံ , [jɪ̀ɴkʰàɴ] (/wiki/Help:IPA/Burmese) ). Historically, the htaingmathein also had a pair of pendulous appendages on both sides called kalano ( ကုလားနို့ ). Gaungbaung [ edit ] Main article: Gaung baung (/wiki/Gaung_baung) Aung San (/wiki/Aung_San) dons a gaung baung and taikpon (jacket). The Burmese national costume for men includes a kerchief called gaung baung (/wiki/Gaung_baung) ( ခေါင်းပေါင်း , [ɡáʊɴbáʊɴ] (/wiki/Help:IPA/Burmese) ), which is worn for formal functions. During the colonial era, the gaung baung was streamlined as an article of formal attire. The design of the modern Burmese gaung baung emerged in the mid-1900s and is called maung kyetthayay ( မောင့်ကျက်သရေ ). [19] (#cite_note-19) It is a ready-made gaung baung made of cloth wrapped in a rattan frame and can be worn like a hat is worn. Formal footwear [ edit ] Main article: Hnyat-phanat (/wiki/Hnyat-phanat) Both genders wear velvet sandals called gadiba phanat (/wiki/Hnyat-phanat) ( ကတ္တီပါဖိနပ် , also called Mandalay phanat ) as formal footwear. Regional costumes [ edit ] The various ethnic groups of Myanmar (/wiki/Ethnic_groups_of_Myanmar) all have distinct clothing and textile traditions. The ethnic costumes across most Burmese ethnic groups generally consist of a sarong-like longyi using various patterns or textiles. Chin peoples [ edit ] Women don various forms of Chin attire unique to their origins. The Chin peoples (/wiki/Chin_people) are a heterogenous collection of ethnic groups that generally live in western Myanmar and speak related Kuki-Chin languages (/wiki/Kuki-Chin_languages) . Chin women generally wear ankle-length longyis using various textiles, and front-opening blouses, [20] (#cite_note-:6-20) in addition to accessories like metallic belts. Chin men wear generally shirts and trousers, over which a blanket-like wrap is worn, as traditional attire. [20] (#cite_note-:6-20) Kachin peoples [ edit ] Women dressed in traditional Jingphaw attire. The Kachin peoples (/wiki/Kachin_people) are a heterogenous collection of ethnic groups that live in northern Myanmar ( Kachin State (/wiki/Kachin_State) ), with each ethnic group possessing their own variation of traditional attire. Generally speaking, Kachin men and women wear longyis featuring geometric or checkered patterns associated with handwoven Kachin textiles. [20] (#cite_note-:6-20) Jingphaw women also adorn themselves with metallic shawls studded with silver coins over their blouses. [20] (#cite_note-:6-20) Karen peoples [ edit ] The Karen peoples (/wiki/Karen_people) are a heterogenous collection of ethnic groups that live in eastern Myanmar ( Kayin State (/wiki/Kayin_State) and Mon State (/wiki/Mon_State) ) and in the Irrawaddy Delta (/wiki/Irrawaddy_Delta) . For traditional attire, Karen men traditionally wear headdresses with tassels hanging loose on the right side of the head, as well as sleeveless tunics over longyis . [21] (#cite_note-21) [20] (#cite_note-:6-20) Karen women dress in long tunics and longyis , with headbands that have both ends hanging in the front. [20] (#cite_note-:6-20) Karen longyis have horizontal stripes with a parallel strip in the middle. [20] (#cite_note-:6-20) Kayah people [ edit ] A couple dressed in traditional Kayah attire. The Karenni people (/wiki/Karenni_people) (also known as the Kayah) of both genders don headdresses; Kayah women wear red headdresses, while Kayah men wear white headdresses. [20] (#cite_note-:6-20) Kayah women also wear red cloaks over sleeveless blouses and red or black longyis . [20] (#cite_note-:6-20) Karen men wear baggy trousers or longyis , and may accessorize with silver daggers on special occasions. [20] (#cite_note-:6-20) Mon people [ edit ] Girls in Mawlamyaing dressed in traditional Mon attire. Mon women traditionally wear a shawl called yat toot (/wiki/Sbai) , which is wrapped diagonally over the chest covering one shoulder with one end dropping behind the back. Archaeological evidence from the Dvaravati (/wiki/Dvaravati) era (direct ancestors of the Mon people) portrays ladies wearing what seems to be a similar shawl hanging from their shoulder. [22] (#cite_note-22) Mon men traditionally wear red-checkered longyis , collarless shirts, and traditional jackets similar to Bamar men. [20] (#cite_note-:6-20) Mon women traditionally wear their hair in a bun (/wiki/Bun_(hairstyle)) , wrapped around a comb. [20] (#cite_note-:6-20) Rakhine people [ edit ] The Rakhine (Arakanese) people (/wiki/Rakhine_people) of both genders traditionally wear longyis . As traditional attire, Rakhine men also wear collarless shirts and taikpon jackets similar to Bamar men, and kerchiefs called gaung baung (/wiki/Gaung_baung) , with excess cloth draped to the left. [20] (#cite_note-:6-20) Rakhine women wear blouses over a htaingmathein (/wiki/Htaingmathein) jacket, over which a sheer shawl is diagonally wrapped, passing over one shoulder. [20] (#cite_note-:6-20) Shan people [ edit ] The traditional attire of the Shan people (/wiki/Shan_people) varies across locales. Generally speaking, Shan men wear baggy khaki trousers similar to fisherman pants (/wiki/Fisherman_pants) , and a headwrap. [20] (#cite_note-:6-20) Shan women wear longyis with embroidered designs and textiles associated with their hometowns. See also [ edit ] Culture of Myanmar (/wiki/Culture_of_Myanmar) Pinni (cloth) (/wiki/Pinni_(cloth)) Folk costume (/wiki/Folk_costume) References [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Clothing of Myanmar (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Clothing_of_Myanmar) . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Aye Aye Than (2017-06-12). "Myanmar Costume Style in the Bagan Period" (https://www.soas.ac.uk/saaap/news/file125691.pdf) (PDF) . SOAS, University of London . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k Green, Alexandra (2008). Eclectic Collecting: Art from Burma in the Denison Museum . NUS Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-9971-69-404-3 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Sangermano, Vincenzo; Sangermano, Father (1833). A Description of the Burmese Empire . Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. ^ Jump up to: a b c Scott 1882 (#CITEREFScott1882) , p. 411. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScott1882406-407_5-0) Scott 1882 (#CITEREFScott1882) , p. 406-407. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAndrus1947x_6-0) Andrus 1947 (#CITEREFAndrus1947) , p. x. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScott1882406_7-0) Scott 1882 (#CITEREFScott1882) , p. 406. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScott1882409_8-0) Scott 1882 (#CITEREFScott1882) , p. 409. ^ Jump up to: a b Roces, Mina; Edwards, Louise P. (2007). The Politics of Dress in Asia and the Americas . Sussex Academic Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-84519-163-4 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e TARGOSZ, Tobiasz; Sławik, Zuzanna (2016). "Burmese Culture during the Colonial Period in the Years 1885-1931: The World of Burmese Values in Reaction to the Inclusion of Colonialism" (https://doi.org/10.12797%2FPoliteja.13.2016.44.18) . Politeja . 13 (44): 277–300. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.12797/Politeja.13.2016.44.18 (https://doi.org/10.12797%2FPoliteja.13.2016.44.18) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1733-6716 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1733-6716) . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 24920307 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/24920307) . ^ Jump up to: a b Edwards, Penny (2008). "Nationalism by design. The politics of dress in British Burma" (http://www.iias.nl/nl/46/IIAS_NL46_11.pdf) (PDF) . IIAS Newsletter (46). International Institute for Asian Studies: 11. ^ Jump up to: a b c Ikeya, Chie (/wiki/Chie_Ikeya) (2008). "The Modern Burmese Woman and the Politics of Fashion in Colonial Burma". The Journal of Asian Studies . 67 (4). Cambridge University Press: 1277–1308. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1017/S0021911808001782 (https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0021911808001782) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 145697944 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145697944) . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Egreteau, Renaud (2019-07-01). "Fashioning Parliament: The Politics of Dress in Myanmar's Postcolonial Legislatures" (https://academic.oup.com/pa/article/72/3/684/5045639) . Parliamentary Affairs . 72 (3): 684–701. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1093/pa/gsy026 (https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fpa%2Fgsy026) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0031-2290 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0031-2290) . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Green, Gillian (2012-05-25). "Verging on Modernity: A Late Nineteenth-Century Burmese Painting on Cloth Depicting the Vessantara Jataka". Journal of Burma Studies . 16 (1): 79–121. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1353/jbs.2012.0000 (https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fjbs.2012.0000) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 2010-314X (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2010-314X) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 162846149 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:162846149) . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Silk acheik-luntaya | V&A Search the Collections" (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O10875/silk-acheik-luntaya-unknown/) . collections.vam.ac.uk . Retrieved 2017-12-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Lynn, Kyaw Ye (26 January 2019). "Weavers of traditional textiles in Mandalay unite" (https://frontiermyanmar.net/en/weavers-of-traditional-textiles-in-mandalay-unite) . Frontier Myanmar . Retrieved 2020-03-28 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Hardiman, John Percy (1901). Silk in Burma . superintendent, Government printing, Burma. ^ (#cite_ref-18) "The Tradition of Acheik Weaving in Myanmar – ICHCAP" (https://www.unesco-ichcap.org/the-tradition-of-acheik-weaving-in-myanmar/) . Retrieved 2020-03-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Myanmar gaung baung" (https://archive.today/20070822213342/http://www.myanmar.gov.mm/myanmartimes/no81/Timeouts/3.htm) . Archived from the original (https://www.myanmar.gov.mm/myanmartimes/no81/Timeouts/3.htm) on 2007-08-22 . Retrieved 2017-12-05 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Ethnic Costumes" (https://www.bawa.org.au/pages/ethnic-costumes.html) . Burmese Association of Western Australia . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20111024001623/http://www.bawa.org.au:80/pages/ethnic-costumes.html) from the original on 2011-10-24 . Retrieved 2021-01-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Arts" (https://www.mnkaren.org/history-culture/karen-culture/art/) . Karen Organization of Minnesota . Retrieved 2021-01-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "มรดกช่างศิลป์ไทย : งานปูนปั้น" (https://www.chatnirun.com/%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%94%e0%b8%81%e0%b8%8a%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%87%e0%b8%a8%e0%b8%b4%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%9b%e0%b9%8c%e0%b9%84%e0%b8%97%e0%b8%a2-%e0%b8%87%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%99%e0%b8%9b%e0%b8%b9/) . รับสั่งทำฉัตรพระประธานในโบสถ์ ฉัตรกลางแจ้ง รับทำดุนโลหะ (in Thai). 2011-09-23 . Retrieved 2021-01-05 . Work cited [ edit ] Andrus, James Russell (1947). Burmese Economic Life . Stanford University Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780804703154 . Scott, James George (/wiki/James_George_Scott) (1882). The Burman, His Life and Notions . London: Macmillan. v t e Clothing of Myanmar Clothes Longyi (/wiki/Longyi) Paso (clothing) (/w/index.php?title=Paso_(clothing)&action=edit&redlink=1) Htamein (/wiki/Htamein) Jackets Htaingmathein (/wiki/Htaingmathein) Taikpon (/wiki/Magua_(clothing)) Royal and military attire Dayindaw (/w/index.php?title=Dayindaw&action=edit&redlink=1) Mahālatā (/w/index.php?title=Mah%C4%81lat%C4%81&action=edit&redlink=1) Wutlone (/w/index.php?title=Wutlone&action=edit&redlink=1) Thoyin-eingyi (/w/index.php?title=Thoyin-eingyi&action=edit&redlink=1) Pants Fisherman pants (/wiki/Fisherman_pants) Headgear Gaung baung (/wiki/Gaung_baung) Magaik (/wiki/Maku%E1%B9%ADa) Tharaphu Sibone (/wiki/Sibone) Okshaung (/w/index.php?title=Okshaung&action=edit&redlink=1) Phawlone (/wiki/Phawlone) Maukto (/w/index.php?title=Maukto&action=edit&redlink=1) Khamauk (/wiki/Asian_conical_hat) Stitching and design Acheik (/wiki/Acheik) Lotus silk (/wiki/Lotus_silk) Footwear Hnyat-phanat (/wiki/Hnyat-phanat) v t e Folk costumes (/wiki/Folk_costume) Africa (/wiki/Clothing_in_Africa) Balgha (/wiki/Balgha) Boubou (/wiki/Agbada) Dashiki (/wiki/Dashiki) Djellaba (/wiki/Djellaba) Head tie (/wiki/Head_tie) Jellabiya (/wiki/Jellabiya) Kanzu (/wiki/Kanzu) Kente cloth (/wiki/Kente_cloth) Kufi (/wiki/Kufi) Litham (/wiki/Litham) Pareo (/wiki/Pareo) Senegalese kaftan (/wiki/Senegalese_kaftan) Tagelmust (/wiki/Tagelmust) Wrapper (/wiki/Wrapper_(clothing)) Asia Central Afghanistan (/wiki/Pashtun_clothing) Pakol (/wiki/Pakol) Chapan (/wiki/Chapan) Deel (/wiki/Deel_(clothing)) Malahai (/wiki/Malahai) Paranja (/wiki/Paranja) East China (/wiki/Chinese_clothing) Cheongsam (/wiki/Cheongsam) Hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) Mao suit (/wiki/Mao_suit) Tangzhuang (/wiki/Tangzhuang) Japan (/wiki/Japanese_clothing) Hachimaki (/wiki/Hachimaki) Kimono (/wiki/Kimono) Obi (/wiki/Obi_(sash)) Korea (/wiki/List_of_Korean_clothing) Cheopji (/wiki/Cheopji) Daenggi (/wiki/Daenggi) Gache (/wiki/Gache) Hanbok (/wiki/Hanbok) Hwagwan (/wiki/Hwagwan) Jokduri (/wiki/Jokduri) Manggeon (/wiki/Wangjin) South Bhutan Gho (/wiki/Gho) Kira (/wiki/Kira_(Bhutan)) Dhoti (/wiki/Dhoti) Dupatta (/wiki/Dupatta) India (/wiki/Clothing_in_India) Lungi (/wiki/Lungi) Nepal (/wiki/Newar_traditional_clothing) Pakistan (/wiki/Pakistani_clothing) Pathin (/wiki/Pathin) Perak (/wiki/Perak_(headdress)) Peshawari pagri (/wiki/Peshawari_turban) Sari (/wiki/Sari) Shalwar kameez (/wiki/Shalwar_kameez) Sherwani (/wiki/Sherwani) Southeast Burma Longyi (/wiki/Longyi) Gaung baung (/wiki/Gaung_baung) Cambodia (/wiki/Khmer_clothing) Chong Kben (/wiki/Sompot_Chong_Kben) Krama (/wiki/Krama) Sompot (/wiki/Sompot) Sbai (/wiki/Sbai) Indonesia (/wiki/National_costume_of_Indonesia) Baju bodo (/wiki/Bodo_blouse) Batik (/wiki/Batik) Blangkon (/wiki/Blangkon) Ikat (/wiki/Ikat) Kebaya (/wiki/Kebaya) Kemben (/wiki/Kemben) Kupiah (/wiki/Kupiah) Songket (/wiki/Songket) Songkok (/wiki/Songkok) Tanjak (/wiki/Tengkolok) Ulos (/wiki/Ulos) Laos (/wiki/Culture_of_Laos#Traditional_clothing) Xout 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(/wiki/Traditional_Thai_clothing#Tabengman) Tudong (/wiki/Tudong) Vietnam (/wiki/Vietnamese_clothing) Áo bà ba (/wiki/%C3%81o_b%C3%A0_ba) Áo dài (/wiki/%C3%81o_d%C3%A0i) Áo giao lĩnh (/wiki/%C3%81o_giao_l%C4%A9nh) Áo tứ thân (/wiki/%C3%81o_t%E1%BB%A9_th%C3%A2n) Middle East Abaya (/wiki/Abaya) Agal (/wiki/Agal_(accessory)) Assyria (/wiki/Assyrian_clothing) Bisht (/wiki/Bisht_(clothing)) Boshiya (/wiki/Boshiya) Burqa (/wiki/Burqa) Chador (/wiki/Chador) Izaar (/wiki/Izaar) Jewish (/wiki/Jewish_religious_clothing) Kippah (/wiki/Kippah) Sheitel (/wiki/Sheitel) Tallit (/wiki/Tallit) Tallit katan (/wiki/Tallit_katan) Tefillin (/wiki/Tefillin) Tzitzit (/wiki/Tzitzit) Jilbāb (/wiki/Jilb%C4%81b) Keffiyeh (/wiki/Keffiyeh) Kurdish (/wiki/Kurdish_clothing) Niqāb (/wiki/Niq%C4%81b) Palestine (/wiki/Palestinian_costumes) Pandama (/wiki/Pandama) Thawb (/wiki/Thawb) Turban (/wiki/Turban) Hejazi (/wiki/Hejazi_turban) Europe Balkan Traditional Albanian clothing (/wiki/Traditional_Albanian_clothing) Brez (/wiki/Brez_(clothing)) Çorape (/wiki/%C3%87orape) Opinga (/wiki/Opinga) Qeleshe (/wiki/Qeleshe) Xhamadan (/wiki/Xhamadan) Xhubleta (/wiki/Xhubleta) Aromanian (/w/index.php?title=Aromanian_traditional_clothing&action=edit&redlink=1) Croatia (/wiki/Croatian_national_costume) Fustanella (/wiki/Fustanella) Greek (/wiki/Greek_dress) Chiton (/wiki/Chiton_(costume)) Chlamys (/wiki/Chlamys) Himation (/wiki/Himation) Macedonia (/wiki/Macedonian_national_costume) Romania (/wiki/Romanian_dress) Serbia (/wiki/Serbian_traditional_clothing) Kosovo (/wiki/Traditional_clothing_of_Kosovo) British Isles Britain Country (/wiki/British_country_clothing) Court (/wiki/Court_uniform_and_dress_in_the_United_Kingdom) Windsor uniform (/wiki/Windsor_uniform) Ireland (/wiki/Irish_clothing) Scottish highlands (/wiki/Highland_dress) Aboyne (/wiki/Aboyne_dress) Feather bonnet (/wiki/Feather_bonnet) Kilt (/wiki/Kilt) Sporran (/wiki/Sporran) Wales (/wiki/Traditional_Welsh_costume) Central Dirndl (/wiki/Dirndl) 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Nigerian fashion tailor Mai Atafo Mai Atafo at 2020 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards (/wiki/2020_Africa_Magic_Viewers_Choice_Awards) Born Ohimai Atafo Ile-Ife, Osun Alma mater City, University of London (/wiki/City,_University_of_London) Occupation Fashion Tailor (/wiki/Tailor) Ohimai Atafo professionally known as Mai Atafo is a Nigerian Fashion Designer known for his brand, Mai Atafo . He underwent training at the Savile Row Academy in Leeds, United Kingdom (/wiki/Leeds) , to become a skilled tailor. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Personal life [ edit ] Atafo was born in Ile-Ife (/wiki/Ile-Ife) , Osun State (/wiki/Osun_State) , and comes from a family of nine children. [3] (#cite_note-auto-3) He is married to Christine Atafo, and they have a child together. [3] (#cite_note-auto-3) Career [ edit ] Upon his return from the United Kingdom in 2002, Atafo held various positions in the marketing department at British American Tobacco Nigeria (/w/index.php?title=British_American_Tobacco_Nigeria&action=edit&redlink=1) . Subsequently, he moved to Guinness Nigeria (/wiki/Guinness_Nigeria) where he served as a Brand Manager until his resignation in 2010. [4] (#cite_note-4) Before departing from Guinness Nigeria (/wiki/Guinness_Nigeria) , Atafo established the clothing label Mai Atafo Inspired , [5] (#cite_note-5) which garnered attention from celebrities like Omowunmi Akinnifesi (/wiki/Omowunmi_Akinnifesi) , [6] (#cite_note-6) Banky W (/wiki/Banky_W) , and IK Osakioduwa (/wiki/IK_Osakioduwa) . He briefly served as the Fashion Editor for Genevieve Magazine (/wiki/Genevieve_Magazine) . [7] (#cite_note-7) In 2011, Mai Atafo Inspired introduced a wedding line called "Weddings by Mai". [8] (#cite_note-8) Atafo serves as the Creative Director of Mai Atafo Inspired. Additionally, he holds the role of Strategy Director at the advertising agency Firehouse Group and acted as an emcee for the Miss Nigeria Pageant in 2010. He also heads the Future Awards Central working committee. [9] (#cite_note-9) Awards and nominations [ edit ] Year Award Category Result Reference 2013 Glitz Style Awards (/wiki/Glitz_Style_Awards) Designer of the Year Won [10] (#cite_note-10) 2015 Heineken Lagos Fashion and Design Week Menswear Designer of the Year Won [11] (#cite_note-11) 2017 Abryanz Style and Fashion Awards (/wiki/Abryanz_Style_and_Fashion_Awards_2017) Lifestyle/Style Fashion Icon Achievement Won [12] (#cite_note-12) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "MAI Atafo Inspired Atelier hosts Savile Row Master Tailor | Sartorial Lagos & Stylistas Attend" (http://www.bellanaija.com/2014/06/13/mai-atafo-inspired-atelier-hosts-savile-row-master-tailor-sartorial-lagos-stylistas-attend/.) . 13 June 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "A celebration of heritage & craftsmanship: Mai Atafo Inspired brings Savile row to Nigeria (PHOTOS) |" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140620024107/http://www.ynaija.com/a-celebration-of-heritage-craftsmanship-mai-atafo-inspired-brings-savile-row-to-nigeria-photos/) . www.ynaija.com . Archived from the original (http://www.ynaija.com/a-celebration-of-heritage-craftsmanship-mai-atafo-inspired-brings-savile-row-to-nigeria-photos/.) on 2014-06-20. ^ a b "10 Spectacular Things About Popular Stylist And Designer, Mai Atafo" (https://stargist.com/entertainment/nigerian_celebrity/mai-atafo-mai-atafo-biography-mai-atafo-wikipedia-mai-atafo-profile-about-mai-atafo/) . Nigerian Celebrity News + Latest Entertainment News . 2017-03-14 . Retrieved 2018-11-29 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Coming Soon – musicmeetsrunway" (http://www.musicmeetsrunway.com/designers/2013-designers/mai-atafo/) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "I quit as a manager in Guinness to go into fashion –Mai Atafo, celebrity clothier" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140730085039/http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/the-fashionista/i-quit-as-a-manager-in-guinness-to-go-into-fashion-mai-atafo-celebrity-clothier/) . Archived from the original (http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/the-fashionista/i-quit-as-a-manager-in-guinness-to-go-into-fashion-mai-atafo-celebrity-clothier/) on 2014-07-30 . Retrieved 2014-07-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "BN Bytes: Ex-beauty queen Omowunmi Akinnifesi & Designer Ohimai Atafo emerge as Vanguard Newspaper's "Allure Style Icons" for 2011" (https://www.bellanaija.com/2011/03/bn-bytes-ex-beauty-queen-omowunmi-akinnifesi-designer-ohimai-atafo-emerge-as-vanguard-newspapers-allure-style-icons-for-2011/) . March 8, 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Ezinne Chinkata joins the G-team as Fashion Editor | Genevieve Magazine" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140808210709/http://www.genevieveng.com/ezinne-chinkata-joins-the-g-team-as-fashion-editor/) . Archived from the original (http://www.genevieveng.com/ezinne-chinkata-joins-the-g-team-as-fashion-editor/) on 2014-08-08 . Retrieved 2014-07-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "BN Exclusive: Munachi Abii is "The Bride" – Weddings by MAI – the Dream Wedding | Bella Naija" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140808044527/http://bn.cdn.com.ng/2011/07/28/bn-exclusive-munachi-abii-is-the-bride-weddings-by-mai-the-dream-wedding/) . Archived from the original (http://bn.cdn.com.ng/2011/07/28/bn-exclusive-munachi-abii-is-the-bride-weddings-by-mai-the-dream-wedding/) on 2014-08-08 . Retrieved 2014-07-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "French Consul-General Francois Sastourne, Adesuwa Onyenokwe, Ohimai Atafo, Ndidi Nwuneli, OC Ukeje, others step out as The Future Africa Awards & Summit honours past judges, unveils Advisory Council (PHOTOS) » YNaija" (https://ynaija.com/french-consul-general-francois-sastourne-adesuwa-onyenokwe-ohimai-atafo-ndidi-nwuneli-oc-ukeje-others-step-out-as-the-future-africa-awards-summit-honours-past-judges-unveils-advisory-council/) . July 11, 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Mai Atafo Wins 'Designer of The Year Award' at Glitz Africa Fashion Week - FAB BLOG" (http://fabmagazineonline.com/mai-atafo-wins-designer-of-the-year-award-at-glitz-africa-fashion-week/) . fabmagazineonline.com . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Helen, Ajomole (November 1, 2015). "PHOTOS: Maki Oh, Mai Atafo, Others Emerge Winners Of Fashion Award" (https://www.legit.ng/624211-photos-maki-oh-mai-atafo-others-emerge-winners-fashion-award.html) . Legit.ng - Nigeria news . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Fashion Designer, Mai Atafo Wins Lifetime Style and Fashion Icon Achievement" (https://connectnigeria.com/articles/2017/12/fashion-designer-mai-atafo-wins-lifetime-style-and-fashion-icon-achievement/) . Connect Nigeria . 14 December 2017 . Retrieved 1 July 2018 . 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The main article for this category (/wiki/Help:Categories) is Ford Models (/wiki/Ford_Models) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐66546ff478‐bdvxc Cached time: 20240715051217 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.047 seconds Real time usage: 0.065 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 27/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 416/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 18/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 7/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 326/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.023/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 646881/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 55.603 1 -total 100.00% 55.603 1 Template:Catmain 12.91% 7.180 1 Template:Remove_last_word Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:63221321-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715051217 and revision id 943530963. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse Pages in category "Ford Models models" The following 26 pages are in this category, out of 26 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . B Alex Binaris (/wiki/Alex_Binaris) C Abby Champion (/wiki/Abby_Champion) Estelle Chen (/wiki/Estelle_Chen) Sora Choi (/wiki/Sora_Choi) Hailey Clauson (/wiki/Hailey_Clauson) D Cintia Dicker (/wiki/Cintia_Dicker) E Cora Emmanuel (/wiki/Cora_Emmanuel) G Kelly Gale (/wiki/Kelly_Gale) Devyn Garcia (/wiki/Devyn_Garcia) Kris Grikaite (/wiki/Kris_Grikaite) H Sui He (/wiki/Sui_He) J Jac Jagaciak (/wiki/Jac_Jagaciak) K Kenya Kinski-Jones (/wiki/Kenya_Kinski-Jones) M Kristen McMenamy (/wiki/Kristen_McMenamy) Alexandra Micu (/wiki/Alexandra_Micu) Hannah Motler (/wiki/Hannah_Motler) N Radhika Nair (model) (/wiki/Radhika_Nair_(model)) Giselle Norman (/wiki/Giselle_Norman) P Andreja Pejić (/wiki/Andreja_Peji%C4%87) Patsy Pulitzer (/wiki/Patsy_Pulitzer) S Miriam Sánchez (/wiki/Miriam_S%C3%A1nchez) Fran Summers (/wiki/Fran_Summers) T Cara Taylor (/wiki/Cara_Taylor) Lulu Tenney (/wiki/Lulu_Tenney) Sarah Thomas (model) (/wiki/Sarah_Thomas_(model)) Caroline Trentini (/wiki/Caroline_Trentini) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Ford_Models_models&oldid=943530963 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Ford_Models_models&oldid=943530963) " Category (/wiki/Help:Category) : Models by modeling agency (/wiki/Category:Models_by_modeling_agency) |
American fashion businessman Ben Reig (d.1968) was an American fashion businessman who ran his eponymous New York company from 1929 to 1968. The company closed in 1973. The Ben Reig company was founded in 1929. [1] (#cite_note-crm-1) Reig employed various designers to head it up, most notably being the Hollywood costume designer Omar Kiam (/wiki/Omar_Kiam) from 1941 to 1954. [2] (#cite_note-jw-2) In 1946, Kiam won the Coty Award (/wiki/Coty_Award) for his work at Ben Reig. [3] (#cite_note-mcdowell-3) In 1954, Kiam was succeeded by Edward Beckham until 1960. [2] (#cite_note-jw-2) From 1961 to 1968, Eva Rosencrans (/wiki/Eva_Rosencrans) was head designer for the label. [2] (#cite_note-jw-2) [1] (#cite_note-crm-1) [4] (#cite_note-4) Liz Claiborne (/wiki/Liz_Claiborne) also worked for Reig in the early 1950s when she was Kiam's assistant. [5] (#cite_note-5) Reig died in 1968. His obituary in The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) credited him with helping make cotton popular as a fashion fabric. [6] (#cite_note-6) The Ben Reig company closed in 1973. [2] (#cite_note-jw-2) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Milbank, Caroline Rennolds (1989). New York Fashion: The Evolution of American Style . Abrams. pp. 163, 231. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-8109-1388-2 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Walford, Jonathan (10 October 2012). 1950s American Fashion . Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 16. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7478-1280-7 . ^ (#cite_ref-mcdowell_3-0) McDowell, Colin (1984). McDowell's Directory of Twentieth Century Fashion . Frederick Muller. pp. 299–301. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-584-11070-7 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Lukas, Paul (29 May 2012). "Permanent Record: How a Poor New York Girl Ended up Designing Mamie Eisenhower's Inaugural Gown" (http://www.slate.com/articles/life/permanent_record/features/2011/permanent_record/permanent_record_how_a_poor_new_york_girl_ended_up_designing_mamie_eisenhower_s_inaugural_gown_.html?via=gdpr-consent) . Slate . Retrieved 15 June 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Woo, Elaine (28 June 2007). "Liz Claiborne, 78; clothes designer for career women built vast fashion empire" (http://articles.latimes.com/2007/jun/28/local/me-claiborne28) . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 13 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Ben Reig, Dress Designer, Dies; Made Cotton a Fashion Fabric" (https://www.nytimes.com/1968/10/18/archives/ben-reig-dress-designer-dies-made-cotton-a-fashion-fabric.html) . The New York Times . 18 October 1968. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐79cbf896bd‐q4dx6 Cached time: 20240707035753 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.288 seconds Real time usage: 0.393 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 463/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 10988/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 426/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 23504/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.191/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4185423/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 374.166 1 -total 55.52% 207.723 1 Template:Reflist 42.16% 157.736 1 Template:Short_description 39.27% 146.927 3 Template:Cite_book 19.42% 72.653 3 Template:Main_other 18.54% 69.358 1 Template:SDcat 17.63% 65.958 2 Template:Pagetype 7.48% 27.995 3 Template:Cite_news 0.98% 3.651 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:71026352-0!canonical and timestamp 20240707035753 and revision id 1148483337. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ben_Reig&oldid=1148483337 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ben_Reig&oldid=1148483337) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1968 deaths (/wiki/Category:1968_deaths) 1929 establishments in New York City (/wiki/Category:1929_establishments_in_New_York_City) 1973 disestablishments in New York (state) (/wiki/Category:1973_disestablishments_in_New_York_(state)) American fashion businesspeople (/wiki/Category:American_fashion_businesspeople) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Year of birth missing (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing) |
British noblewoman and fashion model (born 1986) The Most Honourable (/wiki/The_Most_Honourable) The Marchioness of Bath Personal details Born Emma Clare McQuiston ( 1986-03-26 ) 26 March 1986 (age 38) London (/wiki/London) , England Spouse Ceawlin Thynn, 8th Marquess of Bath (/wiki/Ceawlin_Thynn,_8th_Marquess_of_Bath) ( m. 2013) Children John Thynn, Viscount Weymouth Lord Henry Thynn Parents Oladipo Jadesimi (/wiki/Oladipo_Jadesimi) Suzanna McQuiston Occupation Fashion model, socialite, billionaire heiress Emma Clare Thynn, Marchioness of Bath ( née (/wiki/Birth_name) McQuiston ; born 26 March 1986), often known as Emma Weymouth , is a British socialite (/wiki/Socialite) and fashion model (/wiki/Fashion_model) . [1] (#cite_note-1) She is married to Ceawlin Thynn, 8th Marquess of Bath (/wiki/Ceawlin_Thynn,_8th_Marquess_of_Bath) . In 2020, she became the first black marchioness (/wiki/Marquess) in British history. [2] (#cite_note-:_2-2) Early life and education [ edit ] Emma Clare McQuiston was born on 26 March 1986, in London, the daughter of a Nigerian father and an English mother. Her father, Chief Oladipo Jadesimi (/wiki/Oladipo_Jadesimi) , is a Nigerian oil billionaire who is the executive chairman of Lagos Deep Offshore Logistics Company (/wiki/LADOL) and is a titleholder in the Nigerian chieftaincy system (/wiki/Nigerian_chieftaincy_system) , while her mother, Suzanna McQuiston, is an English socialite. [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) She has several half-siblings, including Amy Jadesimi (/wiki/Amy_Jadesimi) . [2] (#cite_note-:_2-2) [5] (#cite_note-5) McQuiston was raised in South Kensington (/wiki/South_Kensington) . [6] (#cite_note-:2-6) She was head girl (/wiki/Head_girl_and_head_boy) at Queen's Gate School (/wiki/Queen%27s_Gate_School) during her secondary education and later attended University College London (/wiki/University_College_London) to study art history (/wiki/Art_history) . [7] (#cite_note-standard-7) [8] (#cite_note-thetimes-8) After university, she studied classical acting at the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art (/wiki/London_Academy_of_Music_and_Dramatic_Art) . [9] (#cite_note-huffpost-9) [7] (#cite_note-standard-7) Personal life [ edit ] McQuiston and Ceawlin Thynn, Viscount Weymouth (/wiki/Ceawlin_Thynn,_8th_Marquess_of_Bath) announced their engagement in November 2012, after a year of dating. [6] (#cite_note-:2-6) They were married at Longleat (/wiki/Longleat) , the family seat in Wiltshire (/wiki/Wiltshire) , on 8 June 2013. [6] (#cite_note-:2-6) Upon her marriage, McQuiston became Viscountess Weymouth. [10] (#cite_note-:0-10) [11] (#cite_note-go-11) The wedding took place in front of 355 guests, the largest ceremony held at the estate. [12] (#cite_note-ex-12) Her wedding dress, designed by Angelina Colarusso, featured a fitted bodice, square neckline and sheer lace sleeves embroidered with a pattern of the traditional Bath flower. [12] (#cite_note-ex-12) [13] (#cite_note-tele-13) She wore a diamond tiara with a ribbon scroll and bow designs, estimated to be 60-70 carats. [13] (#cite_note-tele-13) The following year, Viscountess Weymouth hosted an exhibition focusing on weddings hosted at Longleat, featuring her gown and portrait in display. [13] (#cite_note-tele-13) The then Marquess (/wiki/Alexander_Thynn,_7th_Marquess_of_Bath) and Marchioness of Bath (/wiki/Anna_Thynn,_Marchioness_of_Bath) were not present at the wedding; the groom's father was engaged in a family dispute about Longleat's artwork at the time, while his mother was prohibited from attending after making racist remarks regarding their marriage. [6] (#cite_note-:2-6) [14] (#cite_note-townandcountrymag-14) Subsequently, Emma Thynn and her family were reportedly estranged from her mother-in-law. [15] (#cite_note-telegraph4-15) Thynn claimed in an interview that she had been on the receiving end of " snobbishness (/wiki/Snob) , particularly among the much older generation. There's class and then there's the racial thing... I'm not super-easily offended but it's a problem when someone's making you feel different or separate because of your race". [16] (#cite_note-telegraph2-16) When her husband succeeded his father as the Marquess of Bath, she became the first black marchioness in British history. [17] (#cite_note-telegraph-17) [18] (#cite_note-solarey-18) [11] (#cite_note-go-11) [19] (#cite_note-tele2-19) The couple's first child, John Alexander Ladi Thynn, Viscount Weymouth was born in October 2014, in London by emergency caesarean section (/wiki/Caesarean_section) after Thynn suffered from hypophysitis (/wiki/Hypophysitis) . His birth took place at the Lindo Wing, St. Mary's Hospital (/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Hospital,_London) . [20] (#cite_note-20) As a result of her health struggles during her previous pregnancy, their second child, Lord Henry Richard Isaac Thynn was born in December 2016, in Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) after being carried by a surrogate (/wiki/Surrogacy) . [21] (#cite_note-telegraph3-21) [22] (#cite_note-22) [23] (#cite_note-express-23) [24] (#cite_note-names-24) Career [ edit ] After her marriage, she became chatelaine (/wiki/Ch%C3%A2telain) of Longleat's estate and safari park. [10] (#cite_note-:0-10) [19] (#cite_note-tele2-19) There, she founded the food and lifestyle brand Emma's Kitchen . [10] (#cite_note-:0-10) [25] (#cite_note-25) Lady Bath was featured alongside her husband in All Change at Longleat , a three-part documentary filmed in 2014 and broadcast on BBC One (/wiki/BBC_One) in September 2015. [26] (#cite_note-26) In 2017, she became a brand ambassador for Fiorucci (/wiki/Fiorucci) . [27] (#cite_note-27) She also modelled for Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) , walking in runway shows at Harrods (/wiki/Harrods) . [28] (#cite_note-wmagazine-28) In February 2018, Lady Bath began working as a fashion editor at British (/wiki/British_Vogue) Vogue . [29] (#cite_note-emma-weymouth-29) [30] (#cite_note-30) She is also contributing editor at HuffPost (/wiki/Huffington_Post) . [9] (#cite_note-huffpost-9) [31] (#cite_note-31) Prior to the wedding (/wiki/Wedding_of_Prince_Harry_and_Meghan_Markle) of Prince Harry (/wiki/Prince_Harry,_Duke_of_Sussex) and Meghan Markle (/wiki/Meghan,_Duchess_of_Sussex) , media outlets listed Lady Bath along with Princess Angela of Liechtenstein (/wiki/Princess_Angela_of_Liechtenstein) , Princess Keisha Omilana (/wiki/Keisha_Omilana) of Ipetu-Ijesha (/wiki/Ipetu-Ijesha) , Princess Sikhanyiso Dlamini of Swaziland (/wiki/Princess_Sikhanyiso_Dlamini_of_Swaziland) , Princess Ariana Austin Makonnen (/wiki/Ariana_Austin_Makonnen) of Ethiopia (/wiki/Ethiopia) , Princess Sarah Culberson (/wiki/Princess_Sarah_Culberson) of Bumpe (/wiki/Bumpe-Gao_Chiefdom) , Cécile de Massy (/wiki/C%C3%A9cile_de_Massy) , and Monica von Neumann (/wiki/Monica_von_Neumann) as modern examples of black royal and noble women. A resurgence of articles about African royalty and nobles of African heritage, including Lady Bath, occurred after the British royal wedding. [32] (#cite_note-32) [33] (#cite_note-33) Strictly Come Dancing [ edit ] From September 2019, she was a contestant in the 17th season of the prime-time BBC television programme, Strictly Come Dancing (/wiki/Strictly_Come_Dancing) , partnered with professional dancer Aljaž Škorjanec (/wiki/Alja%C5%BE_%C5%A0korjanec) . [10] (#cite_note-:0-10) The couple were eliminated in week seven. On 18 September 2021, she was a contestant alongside Lauren Steadman (/wiki/Lauren_Steadman) in the "Strictly" celebrities special of Pointless (/wiki/Pointless) ; her duo was the first eliminated duo of the episode. [34] (#cite_note-34) Week no. Dance/song Judges' score Total Result Horwood Mabuse Ballas Tonioli 1 Cha-Cha-Cha (/wiki/Cha-cha-cha_(dance)) / She's a Lady (/wiki/She%27s_a_Lady) " 5 5 4 5 19 None 2 Tango (/wiki/Tango) / " Sucker (/wiki/Sucker_(song)) " 4 6 6 6 22 Safe 3 Foxtrot (/wiki/Foxtrot) / " Did I Make the Most of Loving You? (/wiki/Downton_Abbey#Soundtracks) 7 7 7 7 28 Safe 4 Jive (/wiki/Jive_(dance)) / " Kids in America (/wiki/Kids_in_America) 7 7 7 7 28 Bottom two 5 Viennese Waltz (/wiki/Viennese_waltz) / " Saving All My Love For You (/wiki/Saving_All_My_Love_for_You) 9 9 9 9* 36 Safe 6 Charleston (/wiki/Charleston_(dance)) / " A Little Party Never Killed Nobody (All We Got) (/wiki/A_Little_Party_Never_Killed_Nobody_(All_We_Got)) " 6 8 8 8 30 Safe 7 Samba (/wiki/Samba) / " I Don't Care (/wiki/I_Don%27t_Care_(Ed_Sheeran_and_Justin_Bieber_song)) " 5 7 7 7 26 Eliminated Score was awarded by guest judge Alfonso Ribeiro (/wiki/Alfonso_Ribeiro) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Everything You Need to Know About Britain's First Black Marchioness Emma Weymouth" (https://www.wmagazine.com/story/emma-weymouth-british-marchioness-royal-model) . W Magazine . 7 November 2017 . Retrieved 24 April 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b Rhys, Gillian (1 May 2020). "Britain's first black marchioness Emma Weymouth is a billionaire oil heiress, London socialite, Strictly Come Dancing star and Vogue editor" (https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/news-trends/article/3082161/britains-first-black-marchioness-emma-weymouth) . Style Magazine . South China Morning Post . Retrieved 3 June 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Ladi Jadesimi (http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=44461994&ticker=FCMB:NL&previousCapId=22125422&previousTitle=FIRST%20CITY%20MONUMENT%20BANK%20PLC) [ dead link ] , business profile. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Lagos Deep Offshore Logistics Base: Lagos Deep Offshore Logistics Base Management (http://www.ladol.com/about-us/management) , retrieved 28 November 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Marsh, Stefanie. "Britain's first black marchioness" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/britains-first-black-marchioness-3t7vz208g22) . The Times . Retrieved 6 December 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Kamp, David (25 April 2018). "Meet the Viscountess Transforming the Idea of British Aristocracy" (https://www.vanityfair.com/style/2018/04/viscountess-weymouth-emma-thynn) . Vanity Fair . Condé Nast . Retrieved 31 December 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Pride & prejudice: Emma Weymouth on sleeping with Longleat's lions and beating the blue-blooded bigots" (https://www.standard.co.uk/lifestyle/esmagazine/pride-prejudice-emma-weymouth-on-sleeping-with-longleats-lions-and-beating-the-blueblooded-bigots-a3118056.html) . London Evening Standard . 19 November 2015 . Retrieved 29 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-thetimes_8-0) Ward, Audrey. "A Life in the Day: Viscountess Emma Weymouth | The Sunday Times Magazine" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/a-life-in-the-day-viscountess-emma-weymouth-vkx6txc2k) . The Times . Retrieved 29 November 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Emma McQuiston" (https://www.huffpost.com/author/emma-mcquiston) . HuffPost . Retrieved 4 November 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d "BBC One - Strictly Come Dancing - Viscountess Emma Weymouth" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/profiles/54qLpWzcXpl1xb84w78GHZb/viscountess-emma-weymouth) . BBC . Retrieved 6 April 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Inside the Glamorous Life of Britain's First Black Marchioness" (https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/inside-glamorous-life-britains-black-marchioness/story?id=21235642) . ABC News . Retrieved 29 November 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Emma Weymouth wedding: Strictly star wore stunning tiara worth half a million to wedding" (https://www.express.co.uk/life-style/style/1195318/emma-weymouth-viscountess-wedding-dress-tiara-pictures-strictly-come-dancing-2019) . Express . 27 October 2019 . Retrieved 6 December 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Carter, Claire. "Viscountess puts wedding on display after father-in-law Lord Bath snubbed big day" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/mother-tongue/familyhistory/10849257/Viscountess-puts-wedding-on-display-after-father-in-law-Lord-Bath-snubbed-big-day.html) . The Telegraph . Retrieved 6 December 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-townandcountrymag_14-0) "Ceawlin Thynn Emma McQuiston Marriage – Ceawlin Thynn Feud With Marchioness of Bath" (http://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/tradition/news/a3707/ceawlin-thynn-emma-mcquiston-marriage/) . Townandcountrymag.com . 8 September 2015 . Retrieved 29 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-telegraph4_15-0) Jamieson, Sophie (6 September 2015). "Rift at Longleat over 'racism' towards Britain's first black marchioness" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/11847323/Rift-at-Longleat-over-racism-towards-Britains-first-black-marchioness.html) . The Daily Telegraph . Retrieved 29 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-telegraph2_16-0) Britten, Nick (April 2013). "A social 'jungle' for first black lady of Longleat" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/9964110/A-social-jungle-for-first-black-lady-of-Longleat.html) . The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) . Retrieved 29 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-telegraph_17-0) Bryant, Ben (18 August 2013). "Britain's first black viscountess's regret over father-in-law's wedding snub" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/10250518/Britains-first-black-viscountesss-regret-over-father-in-laws-wedding-snub.html) . Telegraph . Retrieved 29 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-solarey_18-0) "Viscountess Weymouth: Emma McQuiston – Britain's first black Marchioness" (http://solarey.net/viscountess-weymouth-emma-mcquiston-britains-first-black-marchioness/) . Sola Rey . 23 February 2015 . Retrieved 29 November 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b Simpson, Craig (29 November 2020). "Viscountess Emma Weymouth: 'I want to bring everything back to Longleat - even the pineapples" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2020/11/29/viscountess-emma-weymouth-want-bring-everything-back-longleat/) . The Telegraph . Retrieved 7 December 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Wise, Louis. "Interview: Lady Emma Weymouth, Britain's first black viscountess, on Strictly, diversity and life at Longleat" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/interview-lady-weymouth-britain-s-first-black-viscountess-on-strictly-diversity-and-life-at-longleat-phspxfzlf) . The Times . Retrieved 7 December 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-telegraph3_21-0) "THYNN – Births Announcements – Telegraph Announcements" (http://announcements.telegraph.co.uk/births/209842/thynn) . Announcements.telegraph.co.uk . Retrieved 29 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Longleat heir has son born by surrogacy after medics warned pregnancy could kill Lady Weymouth" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/01/07/longleat-heir-has-son-born-surrogacy-first-british-aristocracy/) . The Daily Telegraph . 7 January 2017 . Retrieved 28 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-express_23-0) "Viscountess Weymouth's surrogate son: Royal couple reveal IVF baby" (https://www.express.co.uk/life-style/life/751827/Viscountess-Weymouth-surrogate-son-royal-IVF-baby) . Express.co.uk . 9 January 2017 . Retrieved 29 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-names_24-0) "Meet Strictly star Emma Weymouth's two adorable sons John and Henry" (https://www.hellomagazine.com/healthandbeauty/mother-and-baby/2019101979212/strictly-star-emma-weymouth-sons-john-henry/) . Hello! . 19 October 2019 . Retrieved 7 December 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Emma's Kitchen" (https://www.longleat.co.uk/longleat-house/emmas-kitchen) . Longleat . Retrieved 6 April 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "BBC One - All Change at Longleat" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b06cxkzv) . BBC . Retrieved 10 August 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "Emma Loves... Fiorucci" (http://emma-weymouth.com/emma-loves-fiorucci/) . Emma Weymouth . 29 September 2017 . Retrieved 6 April 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-wmagazine_28-0) Marissa G. Muller (7 November 2017). "Meet Emma Weymouth, Britain's First Black Marchioness Who Just Modeled for Dolce & Gabbana" (https://www.wmagazine.com/story/emma-weymouth-british-marchioness-royal-model) . W Magazine . Retrieved 29 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-emma-weymouth_29-0) "Emma Weymouth | Moderation Not Deprivation" (http://emma-weymouth.com) . Emma-weymouth.com . Retrieved 29 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) "Emma Weymouth News and Features" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/profile/emma-weymouth) . British Vogue . Retrieved 6 April 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "Back From the Wilderness – London Fashion Week" (https://www.huffpost.com/entry/back-from-the-wilderness-london-fashion-week_b_6727954) . HuffPost . 22 February 2015 . Retrieved 29 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) Wade, Valerie (29 November 2017). "Does Meghan Markle Need to Be the Black Princess You Want Her to Be?" (https://www.allure.com/story/meghan-markle-engagement-black-royalty) . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "Is the royal wedding a cause for feminist celebration or condemnation? Yes" (https://www.vox.com/2018/5/15/17335946/meghan-markle-royal-wedding-2018-prince-harry-windsor-race-gender) . 15 May 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-34) "BBC One - Pointless Celebrities, Series 14, Strictly" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m000zwyv) . 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Domingo Zapata Born Palma (/wiki/Palma,_Majorca) , Mallorca (/wiki/Mallorca) , Spain Alma mater Regent's University London (/wiki/Regent%27s_University_London) American University (/wiki/American_University) Movement Neo-expressionism (/wiki/Neo-expressionism) Pop art (/wiki/Pop_art) Children 2 Writing career Notable work The Beautiful Dream of Life Website dzapata (http://dzapata.com/) .com (http://dzapata.com/) Domingo Zapata is a Spanish artist, writer, and fashion designer. He became a full-time artist in 2002 and sold his first major painting to George Soros (/wiki/George_Soros) in 2005. In 2017, he launched a fashion collection at New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) and also published his first novel, The Beautiful Dream of Life . Early life and education [ edit ] Zapata lives in Palma (/wiki/Palma,_Majorca) , Mallorca (/wiki/Mallorca) , Spain, and is ethnically from Andalusia (/wiki/Alcaudete,_Jaen) , Spain. [ citation needed ] In 1993, he moved to London and studied art at the Regent's University London (/wiki/Regent%27s_University_London) . He then moved to Washington, D.C. where he attended American University (/wiki/American_University) and studied contemporary and studio art. [1] (#cite_note-Ocean-1) Prior to embarking on an art career, Zapata moved to New York City in 1999 and worked in finance and, briefly, in the music industry as a chairman for IMC Records (he is credited as a co-writer on an updated version of the Los del Río (/wiki/Los_del_R%C3%ADo) song, " Macarena (/wiki/Macarena_(song)) "). [2] (#cite_note-NYTMain-2) Career [ edit ] In 2002, while Zapata was still working on Wall Street (/wiki/Wall_Street) , he began pursuing his hobby of painting. It was at this time, one of his paintings of polo (/wiki/Polo) horses attracted the attention of contractor Michael Borrico. [2] (#cite_note-NYTMain-2) In 2004, Borrico hosted a private art show at his home that contained some of Zapata's paintings. Businessman George Soros (/wiki/George_Soros) attended that event and later purchased Zapata's Blue Horse in 2005. [2] (#cite_note-NYTMain-2) In 2011, Haute Living (/wiki/Haute_Living) magazine commissioned Zapata to do the cover art for 24 issues of the magazine. [3] (#cite_note-HL2011-3) In 2010, he created a 35-by-15-foot mural for the Wynwood Walls (/wiki/Wynwood_Art_District) in Miami. [1] (#cite_note-Ocean-1) Also that year, Polaroids (/wiki/Polaroid_Corporation) of Lohan that he took and then painted over were sold to a British collector for $100,000 USD. [4] (#cite_note-4) The work is a part of his series Ten , for which Kim Kardashian (/wiki/Kim_Kardashian) , Sofía Vergara (/wiki/Sof%C3%ADa_Vergara) , and Michelle Rodriguez (/wiki/Michelle_Rodriguez) have also modeled. [2] (#cite_note-NYTMain-2) In 2013, 30 of his works were displayed for the Venice Biennale (/wiki/Venice_Biennale) at the Palazzo da Mula (/wiki/Palazzo_da_Mula) . Many of the paintings exhibited were part of Zapata's Mona Lisa series, a collection of pieces featuring Leonardo da Vinci (/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci) 's Mona Lisa (/wiki/Mona_Lisa) in various "disguises." [5] (#cite_note-Pais-5) [6] (#cite_note-Mosaic-6) In July 2014, Zapata's painting of the crucifixion of Jesus (/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus) was put on display at the Palma Cathedral (/wiki/Palma_Cathedral) . [7] (#cite_note-Diario14-7) In 2015, he entered into a licensing agreement with clothing company Alice + Olivia (/wiki/Alice_%2B_Olivia) , [8] (#cite_note-W-8) and collaborated with the footwear brand Superga (/wiki/Superga_(brand)) . Zapata's Superga shoe collection featured 11 styles based on his original paintings. [9] (#cite_note-FN-9) In 2016, Zapata announced that he had sold a novel to Gallery Books (/wiki/Gallery_Books) , an imprint of Simon & Schuster (/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster) . The semi-autobiographical novel, The Beautiful Dream of Life , [10] (#cite_note-ANNovel-10) was published in July 2017. [11] (#cite_note-Kirkus-11) In February 2017, Zapata unveiled a clothing collection at New York Fashion Week based on his artwork. [12] (#cite_note-ForbesNYFW-12) [13] (#cite_note-Vice-13) He also organized other shows at New York Fashion Week [14] (#cite_note-LatinNYFW-14) and Los Angeles Fashion Week (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Fashion_Week) in 2018. [15] (#cite_note-HOC-15) The New York Post (/wiki/New_York_Post) described Zapata as the "new Andy Warhol, with starlets begging for a sitting." His collaboration with Alice + Olivia and the CFDA, A + O X DOMINGO ZAPATA, furthered the fusion between his art and fashion. [16] (#cite_note-16) In the summer of 2019, Zapata painted the largest vinyl mural in the history of New York City, in Times Square (/wiki/Times_Square) , on the East, West and South facades of the One Times Square (/wiki/One_Times_Square) building. [17] (#cite_note-mural-17) On each of these three facades, it wrapped 15 stories in length and 300 feet in height, covering a total area of 30,000 square feet in total painted surface. The motifs used by Zapata for this work included a retrospective of his prior work including Polo Players, Pandas, Flamenco (/wiki/Flamenco) dancers and Flowers, all influenced by his native Spain and time spent living in New York City. It was created by a team of 25 people, working with Zapata for more than 3 weeks to complete his work with scaffolding suspension holding the crew over 200–400 feet above NYC during the installation and painting. [17] (#cite_note-mural-17) It was maintained and featured in Times Square through the summer of 2020. It was partially painted, and partially printed on vinyl. After it was taken down, it was cut into 6-by-6-foot squares and donated to charities in support of art education. [17] (#cite_note-mural-17) Zapata has had multiple audiences with Pope Francis (/wiki/Pope_Francis) , and many of the meetings produced artistic collaborations. The initial meeting in 2019 was a celebration of immigrants and Zapata remarked, "I'm a citizen of the world and a constant immigrant, and I come from a humble background. The subject of immigration, therefore, is important to me. Especially in an age where people want to build walls between countries. I disagree with this thinking and I want to raise the issue and make a point out of it." [18] (#cite_note-18) This meeting led to Zapata being named an ambassador for Pointifical Scholas Occurrentes Foundation. The initial artistic collaboration between the Pope and Zapata was auctioned for $500,000 US in benefit to the Schools Occurrentes charity. [19] (#cite_note-19) In 2021, Zapata and actor Jordi Mollà (/wiki/Jordi_Moll%C3%A0) participated in the documentary The Private Lives of Jordi Mollà & Domingo Zapata , directed by Giuseppe Ferlito (/wiki/Giuseppe_Ferlito_(born_1975)) and produced by the English production house Publikro London. [20] (#cite_note-20) [21] (#cite_note-21) In March 2022, Zapata was chosen by Louvre (/wiki/Louvre) and Grand Palais Immersif curators as one of the artists, along with Picasso (/wiki/Pablo_Picasso) , Dalí (/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD) , Basquiat (/wiki/Jean-Michel_Basquiat) , and Warhol (/wiki/Andy_Warhol) , to be exhibited at a new immersive exhibition in the Palacio de la Bolsa in Marseille, France. Joconde: Exposition Immersive explores Leonardo da Vinci (/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci) 's painting Mona Lisa (/wiki/Mona_Lisa) . [22] (#cite_note-22) Style and Persona [ edit ] Zapata has been referred to as the "next Andy Warhol (/wiki/Andy_Warhol) " for both his pop art (/wiki/Pop_art) sensibilities and his celebrity lifestyle. [2] (#cite_note-NYTMain-2) [23] (#cite_note-PROHBTD-23) [24] (#cite_note-ABC-24) He has also been described as a neo-expressionist (/wiki/Neo-expressionist) [12] (#cite_note-ForbesNYFW-12) [23] (#cite_note-PROHBTD-23) because of his use of bright colors and his "visceral," "graffiti-like" painting method. [1] (#cite_note-Ocean-1) [6] (#cite_note-Mosaic-6) Zapata has noted that he uses color to evoke and represent emotion (usually happiness). [25] (#cite_note-HLHappy-25) Many of his works explore thematic elements such as "sexuality, opulence, and vitality," often incorporating text into the artwork. [26] (#cite_note-HLArt-26) Zapata often creates different series based on a single theme. These include his Polo series, Matador series, [2] (#cite_note-NYTMain-2) Ten series, Mona Lisa series, and Panda series. [5] (#cite_note-Pais-5) [6] (#cite_note-Mosaic-6) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c Conesa, Kris (September 18, 2012). "Artist Domingo Zapata Falls for Miami" (https://oceandrive.com/domingo-zapata) . Ocean Drive . Retrieved May 30, 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Kurutz, Steven (April 24, 2013). "Domingo Zapata's Best-Known Work May Be Himself" (https://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/25/fashion/domingo-zapatas-best-known-work-may-be-himself.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved May 30, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-HL2011_3-0) Delgado, Alexandra (October 20, 2011). "Domingo Zapata Teams Up with Haute Living for a Commissioned Cover Series" (http://hauteliving.com/2011/10/domingo-zapata-teams-up-with-haute-living-for-a-commissioned-cover-series/213334/) . Haute Living . Retrieved May 30, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Vilensky, Mike. "Inspired by Lindsay" (https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970203897404578079011757825262) . Wall Street Journal . Retrieved October 25, 2012 . ^ Jump up to: a b Aguilar, Andrea (May 21, 2013). "Zapata, el conquistador" (https://elpais.com/elpais/2013/05/21/eps/1369148482_140198.html) . El País (in Spanish) . Retrieved May 30, 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Mosaic at the Venice Biennale Part 3: Domingo Zapata and Koko Mosaico" (http://www.mosaicartnow.com/2013/06/mosaic-at-the-venice-biennale-part-3-domingo-zapata-and-koko-mosaico/) . Mosaic Art Now. June 28, 2013 . Retrieved May 30, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-Diario14_7-0) "La Catedral exhibe una crucifixión de Domingo Zapata" (http://www.diariodemallorca.es/sociedad-cultura/2014/07/04/catedral-exhibe-crucifixion-domingo-zapata/944542.html) . Diario de Mallorca (in Spanish). July 4, 2014 . Retrieved May 30, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-W_8-0) Petrarca, Emilia (April 29, 2015). "Art Stars" (https://www.wmagazine.com/story/alice-and-olivia-domingo-zapata) . W Magazine . Retrieved June 2, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-FN_9-0) Abel, Katie (October 12, 2015). "Superga, Domingo Zapata Team Up for Collaboration" (http://footwearnews.com/2015/fashion/designers/superga-domingo-zapata-collaboration-shoes-162112/) . Footwear News . Retrieved May 30, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-ANNovel_10-0) Freeman, Nate (August 5, 2016). "Domingo Zapata Has Sold a Novel" (http://www.artnews.com/2016/08/05/domingo-zapata-has-sold-a-novel/) . ARTNews . Retrieved May 30, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-Kirkus_11-0) "The Beautiful Dream of Life – Kirkus Review" (https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/domingo-zapata/the-beautiful-dream-of-life/) . Kirkus Reviews. July 17, 2017 . Retrieved May 30, 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b Benson, Juan (March 3, 2017). "Mallorquín Artist Domingo Zapata 'Olés' His Way into Fashion" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/josephdeacetis/2017/03/03/mallorquin-artist-domingo-zapata-ole-his-way-into-fashion/#2e4f7d4c2e31) . Forbes . Retrieved May 30, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-Vice_13-0) Street, Mikelle (February 21, 2017). "Domingo Zapata Turned His Art into Clothing For Fashion Week" (https://creators.vice.com/en_us/article/mgxbxb/domingo-zapata-turned-his-art-into-clothing-for-fashion-week) . Vice . Retrieved May 30, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-LatinNYFW_14-0) Gomez, Shirley (February 14, 2018). "Domingo Zapata Merged Art, Fashion During NYFW Show 'Be Yourself, Tags Are For Facebook' [PHOTOS]" (https://www.latintimes.com/domingo-zapata-merged-art-fashion-during-nyfw-show-be-yourself-tags-are-facebook-432236) . Latin Times . Retrieved May 30, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-HOC_15-0) Mills, Cristen M. (March 20, 2018). "HoC Art Tuesdays: Domingo Zapata & His "Freedom" Fashion Show for Los Angeles Fashion Week" (http://www.heartofcool.com/hoc-art-tuesdays-domingo-zapata-his-freedom-fashion-show-for-los-angeles-fashion-week/) . Heart of Cool . Retrieved May 30, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "When Your Confronted with Art, It Speaks to Everybody" (https://www.huffpost.com/entry/when-your-confronted-with_b_12960210) . HuffPost . November 14, 2016 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Sayej, Nadja. " (https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2019/aug/26/you-might-see-yourself-in-it-behind-new-york-citys-biggest-ever-mural) 'You might see yourself in it': behind New York City's biggest-ever mural" (https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2019/aug/26/you-might-see-yourself-in-it-behind-new-york-citys-biggest-ever-mural) . The Guardian . Retrieved August 27, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Artnet News March 22, 2019 ^ (#cite_ref-19) artheartfashioin.com may 30, 2021 ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Padova, (https://www.rainews.it/tgr/veneto/video/2021/12/ven-Padova-Private-lives-regista-Giuseppe-Ferlito-0a04ffa3-bf15-4599-975b-52c22247ba67.html) Private lives l'ultimo lavoro del regista Giuseppe Ferlito - TGR Veneto" (https://www.rainews.it/tgr/veneto/video/2021/12/ven-Padova-Private-lives-regista-Giuseppe-Ferlito-0a04ffa3-bf15-4599-975b-52c22247ba67.html) . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Publikro London Presents a Special Screening of "The Private Lives of Jordi and Domingo" at the Faena Theater" (https://hauteliving.com/2021/11/publikro-london-presents-a-special-screening-of-the-private-lives-of-jordi-and-domingo-at-the-faena-theater/705109/) . November 23, 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Domingo Zapata en el Museo de Louvre" (https://artmiamimagazine.com/domingo-zapata-en-el-museo-de-louvre/) . Art Miami Magazine . Retrieved April 8, 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b Jenison, David (December 15, 2016). "Why Domingo Zapata Is an Art-World Rock Star" (https://prohbtd.com/why-domingo-zapata-is-an-art-world-rock-star) . PROHBTD . Retrieved May 30, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-ABC_24-0) Erice Oronez, Manuel (July 2, 2016). "Domingo Zapata, el "Andy Warhol español" vuelve a la soltería" (http://www.abc.es/estilo/gente/abci-domingo-zapata-andy-warhol-espanol-vuelve-solteria-201607011926_noticia.html) . ABC (in Spanish) . Retrieved May 30, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-HLHappy_25-0) Arriola Cauff, Regina (October 26, 2012). "Color Me Happy – Domingo Zapata" (http://hauteliving.com/2012/10/color-me-happy-domingo-zapata/320974/) . Haute Living . Retrieved May 30, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-HLArt_26-0) de Causans, Delphine (April 20, 2012). "Haute Art: Domingo Zapata Or The One Who Runs The Art World" (http://hauteliving.com/2012/04/haute-art-domingo-zapata-or-the-one-who-runs-the-art-world/275660/) . Haute Living . Retrieved May 30, 2018 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.dzapata.com/) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/87280960) National Spain (http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1553685) United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2017094791) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐hn7kt Cached time: 20240714083218 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.484 seconds Real time usage: 0.593 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3300/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 53862/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2153/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 103471/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.346/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6052481/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 550.497 1 -total 40.59% 223.421 1 Template:Reflist 34.07% 187.574 1 Template:Infobox_artist 31.18% 171.668 18 Template:Cite_news 10.87% 59.838 1 Template:Authority_control_(arts) 9.94% 54.723 1 Template:Infobox_writer 9.13% 50.235 1 Template:Infobox 8.01% 44.083 2 Template:Hlist 6.09% 33.548 1 Template:Cn 5.43% 29.886 1 Template:Use_mdy_dates Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:57549613-0!canonical and timestamp 20240714083218 and revision id 1231798283. 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NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐2jpzg Cached time: 20240721050421 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.002 seconds Real time usage: 0.002 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 1/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:26890602-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721050421 and revision id 715122034. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Shoe companies of China" The following 9 pages are in this category, out of 9 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . 0–9 361 Degrees (/wiki/361_Degrees) A Anta Sports (/wiki/Anta_Sports) B Belle International (/wiki/Belle_International) C China Dongxiang (/wiki/China_Dongxiang) F Feiyue (/wiki/Feiyue) L Li-Ning (/wiki/Li-Ning) P Peak Sport Products (/wiki/Peak_Sport_Products) W Warrior (shoes) (/wiki/Warrior_(shoes)) X Xtep (/wiki/Xtep) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Shoe_companies_of_China&oldid=715122034 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Shoe_companies_of_China&oldid=715122034) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Shoe companies by country (/wiki/Category:Shoe_companies_by_country) Clothing companies of China (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_of_China) Chinese footwear (/wiki/Category:Chinese_footwear) |
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To Do (for me) [ edit ] ($20,391,982 in 2023 dollars) (£56,232,639 in 2023 sterlins) LGBT [ edit ] Gray Foy (August 10, 1922 - November 23, 2012) George Buse (October 3, 1924 – April 20, 2000) Joe LeSueur (1924 - May 14, 2001) Jules Elphant (July 6, 1924 - May 5, 1999) Lynn M. Roth (November 18, 1924 – May 5, 1992) Ray Unger (1924-2006) Ron Nyman (May 12, 1924 – September 16, 2000) Carl Morse (August 24, 1925 - September 4, 2008) Doris Sewell Jackson (1925 – April 16, 2012) Foster Gunnison, Jr. (October 30, 1925 – July 1994) Charles Boultenhouse (1926–1994) Erik Mortensen (April 26, 1926 - June 23, 1998) Mark Miller (November 22, 1926 – June 9, 2015) Martin Cohen (February 11, 1926 - February 17, 1995) Savina J. Teubal (July 25, 1926 – November 20, 2005) William Isaac “Bill” Campbell (November 29, 1926 - May 7, 2011) Chuck Howard (1927 - September 30, 2002) Everett Lysle Boyer (October 7, 1927 – August 31, 1998) Alan Tagg (April 13, 1928 - November 4, 2002) [1] (http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/alan-tagg-137421.html) Eddie Aldridge (November 24, 1929 – August 10, 1997) Ken Fleetwood (November 11, 1930 - August 9, 1996) Oleg Kerensky (January 9, 1930 - July 9, 1993) Robert Calhoun (November 24, 1930 - May 24, 2008) Charles Bruner Fowler (May 12, 1931 – June 11, 1995) Emery Hetrick (1931 – February 4, 1987) Mary Anne Evans (1931 - 1980) Alexander Plunket Greene (1932-1990) [2] (http://www.nytimes.com/1990/05/09/world/a-plunket-greene-57-a-fashion-executive.html) Forrest Leroy Snakenberg (March 17, 1932 - January 13, 1986) Marc Rubin (April 2, 1932 - February 28, 2007) Bruce Brown (1934 – July 7, 1993) Damien Martin (1934 – August 15, 1991) José De Vega, Jr. (January 4, 1934 - April 8, 1990) Arch Brown (June 2, 1936 - September 3, 2012) Roger Dennis Hansen (1936 – February 8, 1991) Joyce Warshow (March 13, 1937 - October 2, 2007) Gary Essert (1938 - December 16, 1992) Kenneth Dresser (August 21, 1938 - September 8, 1995) Benn Howard (1939 - August 7, 1994) Jan Holmgren (April 25, 1939 - March 29, 1993) Robert Miles Parker (August 22, 1939 - April 17, 2012) William Hibbard (August 8, 1939 - April 5, 1989) Al Trapani, Jr (June 16, 1941 - October 6, 2011) Lige Clarke (February 22, 1942 - February 10, 1975) Dixie Lee Ruliffson (December 16, 1943 - July 16, 2007) Eugene Polyakov (April 27, 1943 – October 25, 1996) Marty Robinson (1943-1992) Tomm Ruud (May 28, 1943 - February 25, 1994) Gary Abrahams (1944 - November 5, 1992) Charles Horne (November 23, 1945 - September 2, 1994) Peter Mumford (January 26, 1945 - March 28, 1993) Jerone R. Hart (September 3, 1946 - November 27, 2010) Miguel Godreau (October 17, 1946 - August 29, 1996) Charles M. Durham (October 27, 1947 - July 18, 1986) Dan Turner (December 5, 1947 - June 4, 1990) Peter Bellinger (March 28, 1947 - April 18, 2001) Spencer Henderson III (December 7, 1948 - November 14, 1993) Bruce Ferden (August 19, 1949 - September 19, 1993) Philipp Jung (June 10, 1949 - December 10, 1992) Gary Kalkin (1950 - January 6, 1995) James Tyeska (August 5, 1950 - September 5, 1993) John Bobanick (February 1, 1950 - February 11, 1991) Robert Tanella (1950 - December 16, 1992) Beverly Anne Brown (February 21, 1951 – October 27, 2005) Brenda J. Grissom (January 13, 1951 - March 8, 2011) Stephen M. Kritsick (1951 - January 16, 1994) Terry Helbing (May 21, 1951 - March 28, 1994) Victor Valentine (December 26, 1951 - October 1, 1992) James F. Jacobs (1952 - September 3, 1994) Patrick Kelly (July 31, 1953 - December 10, 1993) Randall Fostvedt (April 13, 1953 - September 10, 1994) Robert Fulps (November 22, 1953 - February 3, 1987) Logan Carter (May 11, 1954 - June 23, 1988) Daniel Warner (June 14, 1955 - June 14, 1993) Stefan Fitterman (February 25, 1955 - August 1, 1993) G. Luther Whitington (July 2, 1957 - November 10, 1992) Bertram Michael Hunter (April 15, 1958 - January 23, 2001) Daniel Sotomayor (August 30, 1958 - February 5, 1992) Carld Jorel Jonassaint (1962 - February 28, 1997) Jackson Kevin Myars (October 24, 1963 - May 28, 2002) Robert B. Nofsinger (July 11, 1963 - January 19, 1993) Nathan Christoffersen (December 1, 1977 – December 15, 2005) D [ edit ] Dora Richards Miller (/wiki/Dora_Richards_Miller) (women of the century) Dora Scott Devol (/w/index.php?title=Dora_Scott_Devol&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mrs. Dora V. Wheelock (/wiki/Mrs._Dora_V._Wheelock) (women of the century) Dora Wheeler (/wiki/Dora_Wheeler) (women of the century) Dora Wright (/w/index.php?title=Dora_Wright&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Doris Sewell Jackson (/w/index.php?title=Doris_Sewell_Jackson&action=edit&redlink=1) ( http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/theday/obituary.aspx?pid=157276193 (http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/theday/obituary.aspx?pid=157276193) ) Doris Smith (author) (/w/index.php?title=Doris_Smith_(author)&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Dorothea Gilray (/w/index.php?title=Dorothea_Gilray&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Dorothea Hoaglin Hayden (/w/index.php?title=Dorothea_Hoaglin_Hayden&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Dorothea Lummis (/wiki/Dorothea_Lummis) (women of the century) Dorothy Agee Rich (/w/index.php?title=Dorothy_Agee_Rich&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Dorothy Bean Humbird (/w/index.php?title=Dorothy_Bean_Humbird&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Dorothy D'Anna (/wiki/Dorothy_D%27Anna) (March 27, 1918 – August 1, 2012) Dorothy M. Freeman (/w/index.php?title=Dorothy_M._Freeman&action=edit&redlink=1) (1898 – August 1978) Dorothy Payne Madison (/w/index.php?title=Dorothy_Payne_Madison&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Dorothy Scott Shaw (/w/index.php?title=Dorothy_Scott_Shaw&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Dorthy Belle Poppy (/w/index.php?title=Dorthy_Belle_Poppy&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Dotha S. Varker (/w/index.php?title=Dotha_S._Varker&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) K [ edit ] Katharine A. Ammon Morton (/w/index.php?title=Katharine_A._Ammon_Morton&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Katharine A. O'Keeffe (/wiki/Katharine_A._O%27Keeffe) (women of the century) Katharine Albert McMurdo (/w/index.php?title=Katharine_Albert_McMurdo&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Katharine E. Bennitt (/w/index.php?title=Katharine_E._Bennitt&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Katharine Johnson Jackson (/wiki/Katharine_Johnson_Jackson) (women of the century) Katharine Maria Mullen (/w/index.php?title=Katharine_Maria_Mullen&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Katharine Rogers Adams (/w/index.php?title=Katharine_Rogers_Adams&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Katharine Standefer Berkey (/w/index.php?title=Katharine_Standefer_Berkey&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Katharyn M. Perham (/w/index.php?title=Katharyn_M._Perham&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Katherine Barrette Parsons (/w/index.php?title=Katherine_Barrette_Parsons&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Katherine Braddock (/w/index.php?title=Katherine_Braddock&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Katherine Davis Cumberson (/w/index.php?title=Katherine_Davis_Cumberson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Katherine Joy Postle (/w/index.php?title=Katherine_Joy_Postle&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Katherine Kurt (/wiki/Katherine_Kurt) (women of the century) Katherine Schwartz (/w/index.php?title=Katherine_Schwartz&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Katherine Shepherd Knisely (/w/index.php?title=Katherine_Shepherd_Knisely&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Kathleen Troia McFarland (clubwoman) (/w/index.php?title=Kathleen_Troia_McFarland_(clubwoman)&action=edit&redlink=1) , founding member of the Colony Club Katherine Ulrich Lindley (/w/index.php?title=Katherine_Ulrich_Lindley&action=edit&redlink=1) Mrs G. R. Lindley (Women of the West) LINDLEY, George Robert, Banker; born Blencoe, Iowa, Aug. 5, 1872; son, George P. and Sarah P. Lindley. Edu.: Northwestern Normal School, Lynden, Wash.; Natl. Normal School, Lebanon, O. Married, Katherine Ulrich, June 1, 1893, at Godfrey, Ill. Vice-Pres., Jackson Co. Bank of Medford; Dir., Trust and Savings Bank of Klamath Falls. Member: W.O.W. Address: Medford. Ore. Katherine Van A. Grinnell (/w/index.php?title=Katherine_Van_A._Grinnell&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Katherine Willard (/w/index.php?title=Katherine_Willard&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Kathleen Carnley (died 1976) (/w/index.php?title=Kathleen_Carnley_(died_1976)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1889-1976) Kathryn E. Watts (/w/index.php?title=Kathryn_E._Watts&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Katie Kimbrough Laughlin (/w/index.php?title=Katie_Kimbrough_Laughlin&action=edit&redlink=1) Mrs N. B. Laughlin (Women of the West) [3] (https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=100178685) Ken Fleetwood (/w/index.php?title=Ken_Fleetwood&action=edit&redlink=1) (November 11, 1930 - August 9, 1996) Kenneth Dresser (/w/index.php?title=Kenneth_Dresser&action=edit&redlink=1) (August 21, 1938 - September 8, 1995) Kenneth MacDonald (died 1995) (/w/index.php?title=Kenneth_MacDonald_(died_1995)&action=edit&redlink=1) (December 31, 1948 - April 20, 1995) Kitty Smiley Cheatham (/wiki/Kitty_Smiley_Cheatham) (women of the century) G [ edit ] Gertrude Ball (/wiki/Gertrude_Ball) (Women of the West) Gertrude F. Brawley (/w/index.php?title=Gertrude_F._Brawley&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Gertrude Franklin (/wiki/Gertrude_Franklin) (women of the century) Gertrude Richards Bliss (/w/index.php?title=Gertrude_Richards_Bliss&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Gertrude S. Breeden (/w/index.php?title=Gertrude_S._Breeden&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Gertrude Strohm (/wiki/Gertrude_Strohm) (women of the century) Gertrude Sumption Bell (/w/index.php?title=Gertrude_Sumption_Bell&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Gertrude Thomas Arnold (/w/index.php?title=Gertrude_Thomas_Arnold&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Gladys Branegan (/w/index.php?title=Gladys_Branegan&action=edit&redlink=1) http://www.montana.edu/mountainsandminds/2008/fall/women/index.php (http://www.montana.edu/mountainsandminds/2008/fall/women/index.php) Gladys Caldwell (/wiki/Gladys_Caldwell) (Women of the West) Gladys H. Barndollar (/w/index.php?title=Gladys_H._Barndollar&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Gladys Rich (/w/index.php?title=Gladys_Rich&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Glenn Johnson Beeley (/w/index.php?title=Glenn_Johnson_Beeley&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Grace Atkinson Oliver (/wiki/Grace_Atkinson_Oliver) (women of the century) Grace F. Watson (/w/index.php?title=Grace_F._Watson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Grace Fulmer (/w/index.php?title=Grace_Fulmer&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Grace Goldena Denny (/w/index.php?title=Grace_Goldena_Denny&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Grace Greenwood Perego (/w/index.php?title=Grace_Greenwood_Perego&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Grace Groenevelt (/w/index.php?title=Grace_Groenevelt&action=edit&redlink=1) violinist Grace H. Chamberlain (/w/index.php?title=Grace_H._Chamberlain&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Grace Hibbard (/wiki/Grace_Hibbard) (women of the century) Grace Higgins (/w/index.php?title=Grace_Higgins&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Grace Hoskins Westerhouse (/w/index.php?title=Grace_Hoskins_Westerhouse&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Grace Lentsch (/w/index.php?title=Grace_Lentsch&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Grace M. Hyslop (/w/index.php?title=Grace_M._Hyslop&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Grace M. Sparkes (/wiki/Grace_M._Sparkes) (Women of the West) Grace MacGowan Cooke (/wiki/Grace_MacGowan_Cooke) (Women of the West) Grace Richardson Butterfield (/wiki/Grace_Richardson_Butterfield) (Women of the West) Grace Ruth Southwick (/w/index.php?title=Grace_Ruth_Southwick&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Grace S. Stoermer (/w/index.php?title=Grace_S._Stoermer&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Grace Thorpe Bear (/w/index.php?title=Grace_Thorpe_Bear&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Grace W. Hazard (/w/index.php?title=Grace_W._Hazard&action=edit&redlink=1) (1869 - 1932) Grace Youmans Hudson (/w/index.php?title=Grace_Youmans_Hudson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Granville Piper (/w/index.php?title=Granville_Piper&action=edit&redlink=1) (died April 16, 1717) Gray Foy (/wiki/Gray_Foy) (August 10, 1922 - November 23, 2012) Gretchen O'Donnell Starr (/w/index.php?title=Gretchen_O%27Donnell_Starr&action=edit&redlink=1) Mrs G.M. Starr (Women of the West) Gussie Jacobs (/w/index.php?title=Gussie_Jacobs&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) N [ edit ] Nellie Burget Miller (/w/index.php?title=Nellie_Burget_Miller&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nellie C. Cornish (/w/index.php?title=Nellie_C._Cornish&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nellie Cleveland Bartlett (/w/index.php?title=Nellie_Cleveland_Bartlett&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nellie Dean Graham (/w/index.php?title=Nellie_Dean_Graham&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nellie George Stearns (/wiki/Nellie_George_Stearns) (women of the century) Nellie Hibler (/w/index.php?title=Nellie_Hibler&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Nellie Lawrence Donohoe (/w/index.php?title=Nellie_Lawrence_Donohoe&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nellie Marie Burns (/wiki/Nellie_Marie_Burns) (women of the century) Nellie Roberts Grace (/w/index.php?title=Nellie_Roberts_Grace&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nellie Rose Newbury Jones (/w/index.php?title=Nellie_Rose_Newbury_Jones&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nellie V. Mark (/wiki/Nellie_V._Mark) (women of the century) Nellie Van de Grift Sanchez (/w/index.php?title=Nellie_Van_de_Grift_Sanchez&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nellie von Gerichten Smith (/wiki/Nellie_von_Gerichten_Smith) (Women of the West) Nelly Payne Arditto (/w/index.php?title=Nelly_Payne_Arditto&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nettie L. White (/wiki/Nettie_L._White) (women of the century) Nettie Leila Michel (/wiki/Nettie_Leila_Michel) (women of the century) Nettie M. Spaulding (/w/index.php?title=Nettie_M._Spaulding&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nettie May Galbraith (/w/index.php?title=Nettie_May_Galbraith&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nettie May Miller (/w/index.php?title=Nettie_May_Miller&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nettie R. Chipp (/w/index.php?title=Nettie_R._Chipp&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nettie Ransford (/w/index.php?title=Nettie_Ransford&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Nettie Stephenson Bowen (/w/index.php?title=Nettie_Stephenson_Bowen&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nettie Thatcher Anderson (/w/index.php?title=Nettie_Thatcher_Anderson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nina E. Steunenberg (/w/index.php?title=Nina_E._Steunenberg&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nina F. Diefenbach (/w/index.php?title=Nina_F._Diefenbach&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nina May Westmore (/w/index.php?title=Nina_May_Westmore&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nina Vera B. Hughes (/w/index.php?title=Nina_Vera_B._Hughes&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Nona L. White (/w/index.php?title=Nona_L._White&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nondas B. Simmons (/w/index.php?title=Nondas_B._Simmons&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Noneeta Noble (/w/index.php?title=Noneeta_Noble&action=edit&redlink=1) https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13725560/great_falls_tribune/ (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13725560/great_falls_tribune/) Nora Early Summers (/w/index.php?title=Nora_Early_Summers&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Nora J. Sterry (/w/index.php?title=Nora_J._Sterry&action=edit&redlink=1) https://books.google.it/books?id=7Jp5CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA79 (https://books.google.it/books?id=7Jp5CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA79) Nora Trueblood Gause (/wiki/Nora_Trueblood_Gause) (women of the century) Norma Gould (/wiki/Norma_Gould) (Women of the West) Norma Lawson Wicart (/w/index.php?title=Norma_Lawson_Wicart&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Novella Jewell Trott (/wiki/Novella_Jewell_Trott) (women of the century) B [ edit ] Bertha Adams (/w/index.php?title=Bertha_Adams&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bertha Ballou (/w/index.php?title=Bertha_Ballou&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bertha Caroline Landis (/w/index.php?title=Bertha_Caroline_Landis&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bertha Clow (/w/index.php?title=Bertha_Clow&action=edit&redlink=1) http://www.montana.edu/mountainsandminds/2008/fall/women/index.php (http://www.montana.edu/mountainsandminds/2008/fall/women/index.php) Bertha Green (educator) (/w/index.php?title=Bertha_Green_(educator)&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bertha H. Burnham (/w/index.php?title=Bertha_H._Burnham&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Bertha Imhof Josendal (/w/index.php?title=Bertha_Imhof_Josendal&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bertha Kunz-Baker (/w/index.php?title=Bertha_Kunz-Baker&action=edit&redlink=1) Bertha L. Aldrich (/w/index.php?title=Bertha_L._Aldrich&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bertha Lindley Coffin (/w/index.php?title=Bertha_Lindley_Coffin&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bertha Lovewell Dickinson (/w/index.php?title=Bertha_Lovewell_Dickinson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bertha Lowry Gwynne (/w/index.php?title=Bertha_Lowry_Gwynne&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bertha Moser Stryker (/w/index.php?title=Bertha_Moser_Stryker&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bertha R. Hays (/w/index.php?title=Bertha_R._Hays&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bertha Stuart (/w/index.php?title=Bertha_Stuart&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bertha Vaessen Perry (/w/index.php?title=Bertha_Vaessen_Perry&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bertha Webb (/w/index.php?title=Bertha_Webb&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Bertie Estes (/w/index.php?title=Bertie_Estes&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bertram Michael Hunter (/w/index.php?title=Bertram_Michael_Hunter&action=edit&redlink=1) (April 15, 1958 - January 23, 2001) Bess Barton Batchelor (/w/index.php?title=Bess_Barton_Batchelor&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bess Setters (/w/index.php?title=Bess_Setters&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bessie Agnes Dwyer (/wiki/Bessie_Agnes_Dwyer) (women of the century) Bessie Alexander Ficklen (/wiki/Bessie_Alexander_Ficklen) (women of the century) Bessie Behan (/wiki/Bessie_Behan) (women of the century) Bessie Bruington Burke (/w/index.php?title=Bessie_Bruington_Burke&action=edit&redlink=1) https://books.google.it/books?id=7Jp5CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA79 (https://books.google.it/books?id=7Jp5CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA79) Bessie Chamberlain (/w/index.php?title=Bessie_Chamberlain&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bessie Fuhrer Erb (/w/index.php?title=Bessie_Fuhrer_Erb&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bessie M. Lill (/w/index.php?title=Bessie_M._Lill&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bessie Wood (/w/index.php?title=Bessie_Wood&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Betsey Ann Stearns (/wiki/Betsey_Ann_Stearns) (women of the century) Betty Deitrick (/w/index.php?title=Betty_Deitrick&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Beulah E. Cartright (/w/index.php?title=Beulah_E._Cartright&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Beulah May (/w/index.php?title=Beulah_May&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Beverly Anne Brown (/w/index.php?title=Beverly_Anne_Brown&action=edit&redlink=1) (February 21, 1951 – October 27, 2005) Billie Masters (/w/index.php?title=Billie_Masters&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Bird M. Wilson (/w/index.php?title=Bird_M._Wilson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Blanche Bagley (/w/index.php?title=Blanche_Bagley&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Blanche Beasley Garst (/w/index.php?title=Blanche_Beasley_Garst&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Blanche Evelyn Baldwin McGaw (/w/index.php?title=Blanche_Evelyn_Baldwin_McGaw&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Blanche Funk Miller (/w/index.php?title=Blanche_Funk_Miller&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Blanche Galloway (/w/index.php?title=Blanche_Galloway&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Blanche Willis H. Von Teuffel (/w/index.php?title=Blanche_Willis_H._Von_Teuffel&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Blanche Young McNeal (/w/index.php?title=Blanche_Young_McNeal&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Burton W. Musser (/w/index.php?title=Burton_W._Musser&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) R [ edit ] Regge Doran (/w/index.php?title=Regge_Doran&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Regina Campbell Shea (/w/index.php?title=Regina_Campbell_Shea&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Rena B. Maycock (/w/index.php?title=Rena_B._Maycock&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Renée Adoree (/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9e_Adoree&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Retta F. Martin (/w/index.php?title=Retta_F._Martin&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Rex Madsen (/w/index.php?title=Rex_Madsen&action=edit&redlink=1) fashion designer Rhoda Anna Esmond (/w/index.php?title=Rhoda_Anna_Esmond&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Richard Wise (died 1726) (/w/index.php?title=Richard_Wise_(died_1726)&action=edit&redlink=1) (died 1726) Rilla M. DePorte (/w/index.php?title=Rilla_M._DePorte&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Rinda Shortridge Morse (/w/index.php?title=Rinda_Shortridge_Morse&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Robert Calhoun (/wiki/Robert_Calhoun) (November 24, 1930 - May 24, 2008) Robert Miles Parker (/w/index.php?title=Robert_Miles_Parker&action=edit&redlink=1) (August 22, 1939 - April 17, 2012) Roberta Robey (/w/index.php?title=Roberta_Robey&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ron Nyman (/w/index.php?title=Ron_Nyman&action=edit&redlink=1) (May 12, 1924 – September 16, 2000) Rosa Lee Tucker (/wiki/Rosa_Lee_Tucker) (women of the century) Rosa Louise Woodberry (/wiki/Rosa_Louise_Woodberry) (women of the century) Rosa Miller Avery (/wiki/Rosa_Miller_Avery) (women of the century) Rosalba Murphy Laist (/w/index.php?title=Rosalba_Murphy_Laist&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Rosalia Baker Smith (/w/index.php?title=Rosalia_Baker_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Rose Abel Wright (/w/index.php?title=Rose_Abel_Wright&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Rose Gottstein (/w/index.php?title=Rose_Gottstein&action=edit&redlink=1) Mrs M. A. Gottstein (Women of the West) http://lmcseattle.org/about/history/ (http://lmcseattle.org/about/history/) Rose H. Salyer (/w/index.php?title=Rose_H._Salyer&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Rose Kershaw Walker (/w/index.php?title=Rose_Kershaw_Walker&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Rose M. McCroskey (/w/index.php?title=Rose_M._McCroskey&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Rowena Granice Steele (/wiki/Rowena_Granice_Steele) (women of the century) Ruby I. Gilbert (/wiki/Ruby_I._Gilbert) (women of the century) Ruby Page Ferguson (/w/index.php?title=Ruby_Page_Ferguson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Rudecinda F.S. De Dodson (/w/index.php?title=Rudecinda_F.S._De_Dodson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ruth Beatrice Gibson (/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Beatrice_Gibson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ruth Bernice Mead (/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Bernice_Mead&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ruth Cooper Whitney (/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Cooper_Whitney&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ruth Dunbar (/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Dunbar&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ruth Eleanor Howard (/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Eleanor_Howard&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ruth Laughlin Barker (/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Laughlin_Barker&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ruth M. Huntington (/w/index.php?title=Ruth_M._Huntington&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ruth Marie Cowan (/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Marie_Cowan&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ruth Norton Ball (/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Norton_Ball&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ruth R. Currier (/w/index.php?title=Ruth_R._Currier&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ruth Scofield Bowman (/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Scofield_Bowman&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ruth Skiff Cochran (/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Skiff_Cochran&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ruth W. Green (/w/index.php?title=Ruth_W._Green&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ruth West (/w/index.php?title=Ruth_West&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) H [ edit ] Harriet Elizabeth Klein (/w/index.php?title=Harriet_Elizabeth_Klein&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Harriet G Walker (/w/index.php?title=Harriet_G_Walker&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Harriet G. Hosmer (/wiki/Harriet_G._Hosmer) (women of the century) Harriet Gaddis Spann (/w/index.php?title=Harriet_Gaddis_Spann&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Harriet Hubbard Aver (/w/index.php?title=Harriet_Hubbard_Aver&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Harriet M. Rathbun (/w/index.php?title=Harriet_M._Rathbun&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Harriet Mabel Spalding (/wiki/Harriet_Mabel_Spalding) (women of the century) Harriet McEwen Kimball (/wiki/Harriet_McEwen_Kimball) (women of the century) Harriet Newell Kneeland Goft (/wiki/Harriet_Newell_Kneeland_Goft) (women of the century) Harriet Newell Ralston (/wiki/Harriet_Newell_Ralston) (women of the century) Harriet O. Kenyon (/w/index.php?title=Harriet_O._Kenyon&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Harriett M. Lothrop (/wiki/Harriett_M._Lothrop) (women of the century) Harriette Cushman (/wiki/Harriette_Cushman) http://www.montana.edu/mountainsandminds/2008/fall/women/index.php (http://www.montana.edu/mountainsandminds/2008/fall/women/index.php) Harriette M. Plunket (/wiki/Harriette_M._Plunket) (women of the century) Harriette Newell W. Baker (/w/index.php?title=Harriette_Newell_W._Baker&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Harriette Persis Hurlbut (/wiki/Harriette_Persis_Hurlbut) (women of the century) Harriette Robinson Shattuck (/wiki/Harriette_Robinson_Shattuck) (women of the century) Harry Daley (/wiki/Harry_Daley) (November 14, 1901 – March 12, 1971) Harrye R. P. Smith Forbes (/wiki/Harrye_R._P._Smith_Forbes) (Women of the West) Hazel Boyer Braun (/w/index.php?title=Hazel_Boyer_Braun&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Hazel D. Putnam (/w/index.php?title=Hazel_D._Putnam&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Hazel Hindmarsh (/w/index.php?title=Hazel_Hindmarsh&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Hazel Waterman (/w/index.php?title=Hazel_Waterman&action=edit&redlink=1) https://www.sandiego.gov/sites/default/files/legacy/planning/programs/historical/pdf/reports/hrb11062mtng110922.pdf (https://www.sandiego.gov/sites/default/files/legacy/planning/programs/historical/pdf/reports/hrb11062mtng110922.pdf) Helen Adelia Manville (/wiki/Helen_Adelia_Manville) (women of the century) Helen Ahrens Cary (/w/index.php?title=Helen_Ahrens_Cary&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Helen Almena Parker (/w/index.php?title=Helen_Almena_Parker&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Helen Bagg (/w/index.php?title=Helen_Bagg&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Helen E. Matthewson (/w/index.php?title=Helen_E._Matthewson&action=edit&redlink=1) https://books.google.it/books?id=7Jp5CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA79 (https://books.google.it/books?id=7Jp5CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA79) Helen E. Vogleson (/w/index.php?title=Helen_E._Vogleson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Helen Ella TRUE (/w/index.php?title=Helen_Ella_TRUE&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Helen Emma Maring (/w/index.php?title=Helen_Emma_Maring&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Helen G. Fisk (/wiki/Helen_G._Fisk) (Women of the West) Helen Godwin Smick (/w/index.php?title=Helen_Godwin_Smick&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Helen Johns (librarian) (/w/index.php?title=Helen_Johns_(librarian)&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Helen Kull Monnette (/w/index.php?title=Helen_Kull_Monnette&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Helen L. Webster (/wiki/Helen_L._Webster) (women of the century) Helen Lewis Bucknor (/w/index.php?title=Helen_Lewis_Bucknor&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Helen Louise B. Babcock (/w/index.php?title=Helen_Louise_B._Babcock&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Helen Lukens Gaut (/w/index.php?title=Helen_Lukens_Gaut&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Helen M. Brink (/w/index.php?title=Helen_M._Brink&action=edit&redlink=1) Mrs C. G. Brink (Women of the West) https://findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=brink&GSiman=1&GScid=80570&GRid=59468063& (https://findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=brink&GSiman=1&GScid=80570&GRid=59468063&) Helen M. Davis Brownell (/w/index.php?title=Helen_M._Davis_Brownell&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Helen M. Knight (/w/index.php?title=Helen_M._Knight&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Helen M. Laughlin (/w/index.php?title=Helen_M._Laughlin&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Helen M. Wells (/w/index.php?title=Helen_M._Wells&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Helen Mar Bollinger (/w/index.php?title=Helen_Mar_Bollinger&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Helen Morton Smith (/w/index.php?title=Helen_Morton_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Helen Rankin Copp (/wiki/Helen_Rankin_Copp) (women of the century) Helen S. Campbell (/wiki/Helen_S._Campbell) (women of the century) Helen Taggart Clark (/wiki/Helen_Taggart_Clark) (women of the century) Helen Watterson Moody (/wiki/Helen_Watterson_Moody) (women of the century) Helena M. Gamble (/w/index.php?title=Helena_M._Gamble&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Helena Maxwell Cady (/w/index.php?title=Helena_Maxwell_Cady&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Helena Podesta Furman (/w/index.php?title=Helena_Podesta_Furman&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Helene Petrovna Blavatsky (/wiki/Helene_Petrovna_Blavatsky) (women of the century) Henderson Daingerfield Norman (/w/index.php?title=Henderson_Daingerfield_Norman&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Henneriette Skelton (/wiki/Henneriette_Skelton) (women of the century) Henri Châtin Hofmann (/w/index.php?title=Henri_Ch%C3%A2tin_Hofmann&action=edit&redlink=1) (May 25, 1900 - January 7, 1961) Henrietta Beebe Lawton (/w/index.php?title=Henrietta_Beebe_Lawton&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Henrietta Fannie V. Clerc (/w/index.php?title=Henrietta_Fannie_V._Clerc&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Henrietta G. Moore (/wiki/Henrietta_G._Moore) (women of the century) Henrietta Palmer Rogers (/w/index.php?title=Henrietta_Palmer_Rogers&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Henrietta R. F. Terrell (/w/index.php?title=Henrietta_R._F._Terrell&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Henriette Buck (/w/index.php?title=Henriette_Buck&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Herbert Cobb) Stebbins. Lucy H. (Mrs (/w/index.php?title=Herbert_Cobb)_Stebbins._Lucy_H._(Mrs&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Hester Dorsey Richardson (/wiki/Hester_Dorsey_Richardson) (women of the century) Hilda Siller (/wiki/Hilda_Siller) (women of the century) Hope Pyburn Johnson (/w/index.php?title=Hope_Pyburn_Johnson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Hugh L. Hagan (/w/index.php?title=Hugh_L._Hagan&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Hulda Regina Graser (/wiki/Hulda_Regina_Graser) (women of the century) S [ edit ] Sara Hershey Eddy (/w/index.php?title=Sara_Hershey_Eddy&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Sara Jeannette Duncan Cotes (/wiki/Sara_Jeannette_Duncan_Cotes) (women of the century) Sarah A. Brock Putnam (/w/index.php?title=Sarah_A._Brock_Putnam&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Sarah A. Colby (/wiki/Sarah_A._Colby) (women of the century) Sarah A. Worden (/wiki/Sarah_A._Worden) (women of the century) Sarah Ann Mather (/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Ann_Mather&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Sarah B. Armstrong (/wiki/Sarah_B._Armstrong) (women of the century) Sarah Brown Cooper (/wiki/Sarah_Brown_Cooper) (women of the century) Sarah C. Hall (/wiki/Sarah_C._Hall) (women of the century) Sarah C. Thorpe Bull (/w/index.php?title=Sarah_C._Thorpe_Bull&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Sarah Chamberlin Weed (/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Chamberlin_Weed&action=edit&redlink=1) [4] (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/16995324/st_louis_postdispatch/) Sarah Coleman Bragdon (/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Coleman_Bragdon&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Sarah E. Post (/w/index.php?title=Sarah_E._Post&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Sarah Elizabeth Hall (/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Elizabeth_Hall&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Sarah Elizabeth Wenk (/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Elizabeth_Wenk&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Sarah F. Cowles Little (/wiki/Sarah_F._Cowles_Little) (women of the century) Sarah Foss Wolverton (/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Foss_Wolverton&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Sarah Graham Young (/wiki/Sarah_Graham_Young) (women of the century) Sarah Iliff Davis (/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Iliff_Davis&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Sarah Jackson Hanna (/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Jackson_Hanna&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Sarah Katherine Paine Taylor (/wiki/Sarah_Katherine_Paine_Taylor) (women of the century) Sarah L. Twiggs (/w/index.php?title=Sarah_L._Twiggs&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Sarah Lord Bailey (/wiki/Sarah_Lord_Bailey) (women of the century) Sarah M. Jacobus (/w/index.php?title=Sarah_M._Jacobus&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Sarah M. Maxson Cobb (/wiki/Sarah_M._Maxson_Cobb) (women of the century) Sarah Maria Clinton Perkins (/wiki/Sarah_Maria_Clinton_Perkins) (women of the century) Sarah Marie Dudley (/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Marie_Dudley&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Sarah McCardle (/w/index.php?title=Sarah_McCardle&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Sarah Newcomb Merrick (/wiki/Sarah_Newcomb_Merrick) (women of the century) Sarah Stoddard Eddy (/wiki/Sarah_Stoddard_Eddy) (women of the century) Sarah Stokes Walton (/wiki/Sarah_Stokes_Walton) (women of the century) Sarepta M. I. Henry (/wiki/Sarepta_M._I._Henry) (women of the century) Satella Jacques Penman (/w/index.php?title=Satella_Jacques_Penman&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Senora M. W. de Coronel (/w/index.php?title=Senora_M._W._de_Coronel&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Seraph Frissell (/wiki/Seraph_Frissell) (women of the century) Serena F. Mathews (/w/index.php?title=Serena_F._Mathews&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Sharlot Mabridth Hall (/w/index.php?title=Sharlot_Mabridth_Hall&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Sibylla Bailey Crane (/wiki/Sibylla_Bailey_Crane) (women of the century) Sopha Nelson Flynn (/w/index.php?title=Sopha_Nelson_Flynn&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Sophia Braeunlich (/wiki/Sophia_Braeunlich) (women of the century) Sophia Curtiss Hoffman (/wiki/Sophia_Curtiss_Hoffman) (women of the century) Sophia Holmes Adams (/w/index.php?title=Sophia_Holmes_Adams&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Sophia L. Johansen (/w/index.php?title=Sophia_L._Johansen&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Sophronia F. N. Grubb (/w/index.php?title=Sophronia_F._N._Grubb&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Sophy Hammell (/w/index.php?title=Sophy_Hammell&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Stella A. Gaines Fifield (/w/index.php?title=Stella_A._Gaines_Fifield&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Stella A.H. Finkeldey (/w/index.php?title=Stella_A.H._Finkeldey&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Stella D. Fluss (/w/index.php?title=Stella_D._Fluss&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Stella J. Merrick (/w/index.php?title=Stella_J._Merrick&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Stella Raymond Vought (/w/index.php?title=Stella_Raymond_Vought&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Sue A. Pike Sanders (/wiki/Sue_A._Pike_Sanders) (women of the century) Sue Harper Minis (/w/index.php?title=Sue_Harper_Minis&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Sue Vesta Pullen (/w/index.php?title=Sue_Vesta_Pullen&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Sunday Cardall Anderson (/w/index.php?title=Sunday_Cardall_Anderson&action=edit&redlink=1) (1894-1987) http://politicalstrangenames.blogspot.it/2013/08/sunday-cardall-anderson-1893-1987.html (http://politicalstrangenames.blogspot.it/2013/08/sunday-cardall-anderson-1893-1987.html) Susan Archer Weiss (/wiki/Susan_Archer_Weiss) (women of the century) Susan Arnold Elston Wallace (/wiki/Susan_Arnold_Elston_Wallace) (women of the century) Susan Collidge (/w/index.php?title=Susan_Collidge&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Susan Dabney Smedes (/wiki/Susan_Dabney_Smedes) (women of the century) Susan E. Barry (/w/index.php?title=Susan_E._Barry&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Susan E. Ilsen (/w/index.php?title=Susan_E._Ilsen&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Susan G. Cooke (/w/index.php?title=Susan_G._Cooke&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Susan H. Biethan (/w/index.php?title=Susan_H._Biethan&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Susan Helen Wixon (/wiki/Susan_Helen_Wixon) (women of the century) Susan J. Cunningham (/wiki/Susan_J._Cunningham) (women of the century) Susan M. Dorsey (/w/index.php?title=Susan_M._Dorsey&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Susan Marr Spalding (/wiki/Susan_Marr_Spalding) (women of the century) Susan T. Smith (/w/index.php?title=Susan_T._Smith&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Susanna Way Dodds (/wiki/Susanna_Way_Dodds) (women of the century) Susie E. Foster (/w/index.php?title=Susie_E._Foster&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Susie Prentice Hartzell (/w/index.php?title=Susie_Prentice_Hartzell&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Suzanne C. Gomez (/w/index.php?title=Suzanne_C._Gomez&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Suzanne Lord Folds (/w/index.php?title=Suzanne_Lord_Folds&action=edit&redlink=1) http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2002-04-24/news/0204240115_1_prints-and-drawings-chicago-memorial-service (http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2002-04-24/news/0204240115_1_prints-and-drawings-chicago-memorial-service) F [ edit ] Fanny Purdy Palmer (/wiki/Fanny_Purdy_Palmer) (women of the century) Felice Cohn (/w/index.php?title=Felice_Cohn&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Fidelia Fiske (/wiki/Fidelia_Fiske) (women of the century) Flora A. Brewster (/wiki/Flora_A._Brewster) (women of the century) Flora Elizabeth Barry (/w/index.php?title=Flora_Elizabeth_Barry&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Flora Haines Longhead (/w/index.php?title=Flora_Haines_Longhead&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Flora Harden Carter (/w/index.php?title=Flora_Harden_Carter&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Flora Harnest Herzinger (/w/index.php?title=Flora_Harnest_Herzinger&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Flora L. Aldrich (/w/index.php?title=Flora_L._Aldrich&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Flora New-Harrod Wilson (/w/index.php?title=Flora_New-Harrod_Wilson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Florabel Patterson Rosenberger (/w/index.php?title=Florabel_Patterson_Rosenberger&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Florence A. Runyon (/w/index.php?title=Florence_A._Runyon&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Florence Adelaide F. Adams (/wiki/Florence_Adelaide_F._Adams) (women of the century) Florence Andrews Clayton (/w/index.php?title=Florence_Andrews_Clayton&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Florence Armstrong Grondal (/w/index.php?title=Florence_Armstrong_Grondal&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Florence B. Williams (/w/index.php?title=Florence_B._Williams&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Florence Bennett Anderson (/w/index.php?title=Florence_Bennett_Anderson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Florence Byrne Cartwright (/w/index.php?title=Florence_Byrne_Cartwright&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Florence C Ives (/wiki/Florence_C_Ives) (women of the century) Florence C. Dieudonne (/w/index.php?title=Florence_C._Dieudonne&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Florence Campbell Reed (/w/index.php?title=Florence_Campbell_Reed&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Florence Collins Porter (/wiki/Florence_Collins_Porter) (Women of the West) and (women of the century) Florence Dodson Schoneman (/w/index.php?title=Florence_Dodson_Schoneman&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Florence E. Banks (/w/index.php?title=Florence_E._Banks&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Florence E. Kollock (/wiki/Florence_E._Kollock) (women of the century) Florence E. Searing (/w/index.php?title=Florence_E._Searing&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Florence Eleanor Sage (/w/index.php?title=Florence_Eleanor_Sage&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Florence Elizabeth Shindler (/w/index.php?title=Florence_Elizabeth_Shindler&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Florence Fabre-Rajotte (/w/index.php?title=Florence_Fabre-Rajotte&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Florence Gardner (/w/index.php?title=Florence_Gardner&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Florence Gibson Barton (/w/index.php?title=Florence_Gibson_Barton&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Florence Herrick Vanderburgh (/w/index.php?title=Florence_Herrick_Vanderburgh&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Florence Holmes Gerke (/w/index.php?title=Florence_Holmes_Gerke&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Florence Howe-Hall (/w/index.php?title=Florence_Howe-Hall&action=edit&redlink=1) , daughter of Julia Ward Howe (/wiki/Julia_Ward_Howe) Florence Lamont Hinman (/w/index.php?title=Florence_Lamont_Hinman&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Florence Parmalee Collison (/w/index.php?title=Florence_Parmalee_Collison&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Flores H. Barnum (/w/index.php?title=Flores_H._Barnum&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Floy Tolbert Barnard (/w/index.php?title=Floy_Tolbert_Barnard&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Floyd Judson Collar (/w/index.php?title=Floyd_Judson_Collar&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Forrest Leroy Snakenberg (/w/index.php?title=Forrest_Leroy_Snakenberg&action=edit&redlink=1) (March 17, 1932 - January 13, 1986) Franc P. Hawes (/w/index.php?title=Franc_P._Hawes&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) France Laura Swift (/w/index.php?title=France_Laura_Swift&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Frances C Jenkins (/w/index.php?title=Frances_C_Jenkins&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Frances Campbell Sparhawk (/wiki/Frances_Campbell_Sparhawk) (women of the century) Frances Eastman Rose (/w/index.php?title=Frances_Eastman_Rose&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Frances Effinger Raymond (/w/index.php?title=Frances_Effinger_Raymond&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Frances Eleanor Townsley (/wiki/Frances_Eleanor_Townsley) (women of the century) Frances Elizabeth Barrow (/wiki/Frances_Elizabeth_Barrow) (women of the century) Frances Elizabeth Fryatt (/wiki/Frances_Elizabeth_Fryatt) (women of the century) Frances Elizabeth Peirce (/w/index.php?title=Frances_Elizabeth_Peirce&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Frances Fisher Wood (/wiki/Frances_Fisher_Wood) (women of the century) Frances H. Weldon (/w/index.php?title=Frances_H._Weldon&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Frances Hathaway (/w/index.php?title=Frances_Hathaway&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Frances Irene B. Griswold (/w/index.php?title=Frances_Irene_B._Griswold&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Frances J.H. Havard (/w/index.php?title=Frances_J.H._Havard&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Frances Julia Barnes (/wiki/Frances_Julia_Barnes) (women of the century) Frances Lewis Bishop (/w/index.php?title=Frances_Lewis_Bishop&action=edit&redlink=1) ( https://law.wustl.edu/Staff/Taylor/WOMEN/MOOFFMAN/mooff2/1stlib.htm (https://law.wustl.edu/Staff/Taylor/WOMEN/MOOFFMAN/mooff2/1stlib.htm) ) (Notable Women) Frances Louisa Tracy Morgan (/w/index.php?title=Frances_Louisa_Tracy_Morgan&action=edit&redlink=1) – wife of J. P. Morgan Frances M. Owston Smith (/w/index.php?title=Frances_M._Owston_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Frances M. Richards (/w/index.php?title=Frances_M._Richards&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Frances Mallette Hawley (/w/index.php?title=Frances_Mallette_Hawley&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Frances Marion Ralston (/w/index.php?title=Frances_Marion_Ralston&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Frances Melvin Whitman (/w/index.php?title=Frances_Melvin_Whitman&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Frances Merrill Guiler (/w/index.php?title=Frances_Merrill_Guiler&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Frances Miller Mumaugh (/wiki/Frances_Miller_Mumaugh) (women of the century) Frances Nimmo Greene (/wiki/Frances_Nimmo_Greene) (women of the century) Frances P. Clark (/w/index.php?title=Frances_P._Clark&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Frances Panter (/w/index.php?title=Frances_Panter&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Frances R. Haswin (/w/index.php?title=Frances_R._Haswin&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Frances R. Knox (/w/index.php?title=Frances_R._Knox&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Frances Theresa Russell (/wiki/Frances_Theresa_Russell) (Women of the West) Frances Thye Rogers (/w/index.php?title=Frances_Thye_Rogers&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Frances Vogel (/w/index.php?title=Frances_Vogel&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Frances Widney Workman (/w/index.php?title=Frances_Widney_Workman&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Frances Winton Champ (/w/index.php?title=Frances_Winton_Champ&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Francette Plummer Maring (/w/index.php?title=Francette_Plummer_Maring&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Francisca Vallejo McGettigan (/w/index.php?title=Francisca_Vallejo_McGettigan&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Frank Carrington (/wiki/Frank_Carrington) (September 13, 1893 – July 3, 1975) IMPROVE Emma W. Lillis Humphrey (/w/index.php?title=Emma_W._Lillis_Humphrey&action=edit&redlink=1) Mrs Frank Ellis Humphrey (Women of the West) Frederica Le Fevre Bellamy (/w/index.php?title=Frederica_Le_Fevre_Bellamy&action=edit&redlink=1) http://www.historycolorado.org/sites/default/files/files/Researchers/Mss.00050.pdf (http://www.historycolorado.org/sites/default/files/files/Researchers/Mss.00050.pdf) Frederica Marshall (/w/index.php?title=Frederica_Marshall&action=edit&redlink=1) http://www.montana.edu/mountainsandminds/2008/fall/women/index.php (http://www.montana.edu/mountainsandminds/2008/fall/women/index.php) Frederick Bentley (/wiki/Frederick_Bentley) (Women of the West) Freeda M. Lankton (/w/index.php?title=Freeda_M._Lankton&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Frieda Bull (/w/index.php?title=Frieda_Bull&action=edit&redlink=1) http://www.montana.edu/mountainsandminds/2008/fall/women/index.php (http://www.montana.edu/mountainsandminds/2008/fall/women/index.php) http://montanawomenshistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/Bozeman-Walking-Tour.pdf (http://montanawomenshistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/Bozeman-Walking-Tour.pdf) Frieda Peycke (/w/index.php?title=Frieda_Peycke&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) J [ edit ] James Orville Bloss (/w/index.php?title=James_Orville_Bloss&action=edit&redlink=1) (September 30, 1847 – December 15, 1918) James Roland Holmes (/w/index.php?title=James_Roland_Holmes&action=edit&redlink=1) (April 2, 1939 - January 7, 1999) Jan Holmgren (/wiki/Jan_Holmgren) (April 25, 1939 - March 29, 1993) Jane Frederickson (/w/index.php?title=Jane_Frederickson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jane Grace Alexander (/wiki/Jane_Grace_Alexander) (women of the century) Jane Kelley Adams (/wiki/Jane_Kelley_Adams) (women of the century) Jane L. Colwell (/w/index.php?title=Jane_L._Colwell&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jane Lord Hersom (/wiki/Jane_Lord_Hersom) (women of the century) Jane Maria Read (/wiki/Jane_Maria_Read) (women of the century) Jane Mariah Slocum (/w/index.php?title=Jane_Mariah_Slocum&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Jane Redfield Hoover (/w/index.php?title=Jane_Redfield_Hoover&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jane Seymour Klink (/w/index.php?title=Jane_Seymour_Klink&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jane Snedicor (/w/index.php?title=Jane_Snedicor&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jane Thacher (/w/index.php?title=Jane_Thacher&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jane Tucker (clubwoman) (/w/index.php?title=Jane_Tucker_(clubwoman)&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jane V. Doyle (/w/index.php?title=Jane_V._Doyle&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Janet Aitken (/wiki/Janet_Aitken) https://www.newspapers.com/image/85773426/?terms=Theresa%2BMeikle (https://www.newspapers.com/image/85773426/?terms=Theresa%2BMeikle) Janetta Bray Wright (/w/index.php?title=Janetta_Bray_Wright&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Janette Hill Knox (/wiki/Janette_Hill_Knox) (women of the century) Jean Brodie Stewart (/w/index.php?title=Jean_Brodie_Stewart&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jean Brooks Greenleaf (/wiki/Jean_Brooks_Greenleaf) (women of the century) Jean C. Raymond (/w/index.php?title=Jean_C._Raymond&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jean Harrower Gutelius (/w/index.php?title=Jean_Harrower_Gutelius&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Jean K. Gawler (/w/index.php?title=Jean_K._Gawler&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jean Pond Miner (/wiki/Jean_Pond_Miner) (women of the century) Jean Watson (publicist) (/w/index.php?title=Jean_Watson_(publicist)&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jeanie Oliver Smith (/wiki/Jeanie_Oliver_Smith) (women of the century) Jeanne Elizabeth Wier (/wiki/Jeanne_Elizabeth_Wier) (Women of the West) Jeanne H. Taylor (/w/index.php?title=Jeanne_H._Taylor&action=edit&redlink=1) (December 1, 1912 – December 2, 1992) Jeannetle Du Bois Meech (/w/index.php?title=Jeannetle_Du_Bois_Meech&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Jeannette A. Hyde (/w/index.php?title=Jeannette_A._Hyde&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jeannette Allen Cushman (/w/index.php?title=Jeannette_Allen_Cushman&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jeannette Fox LeMoyne (/w/index.php?title=Jeannette_Fox_LeMoyne&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jeannette M. Drake (/w/index.php?title=Jeannette_M._Drake&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jeannette R. H. Walworth (/wiki/Jeannette_R._H._Walworth) (women of the century) Jenevehah Maria Winton (/wiki/Jenevehah_Maria_Winton) (women of the century) Jennette Shephard H. Loop (/wiki/Jennette_Shephard_H._Loop) (women of the century) Jennie A. Wilhite Ellis (/w/index.php?title=Jennie_A._Wilhite_Ellis&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jennie B. Young (/w/index.php?title=Jennie_B._Young&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Jennie Brownscombe (/wiki/Jennie_Brownscombe) (women of the century) Jennie Burchfield Bush (/w/index.php?title=Jennie_Burchfield_Bush&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Jennie Caldwell Nixon (/w/index.php?title=Jennie_Caldwell_Nixon&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Jennie Casseday (/wiki/Jennie_Casseday) (women of the century) Jennie Cunningham Croly (/wiki/Jennie_Cunningham_Croly) (women of the century) Jennie E. Jones (/w/index.php?title=Jennie_E._Jones&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Jennie E. Sibley (/wiki/Jennie_E._Sibley) (women of the century) Jennie Ellis Keysor (/wiki/Jennie_Ellis_Keysor) (women of the century) Jennie Florella Holmes (/wiki/Jennie_Florella_Holmes) (women of the century) Jennie G. Todd (/w/index.php?title=Jennie_G._Todd&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jennie Kimball (/wiki/Jennie_Kimball) (women of the century) Jennie Lasby Tessmann (/wiki/Jennie_Lasby_Tessmann) (Women of the West) Jennie M. Avery (/w/index.php?title=Jennie_M._Avery&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jennie M. Bingham (/wiki/Jennie_M._Bingham) (women of the century) Jennie O. Starkey (/wiki/Jennie_O._Starkey) (women of the century) Jennie O'Neil Potter (/wiki/Jennie_O%27Neil_Potter) (women of the century) Jennie S. Judson (/w/index.php?title=Jennie_S._Judson&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Jennie T. Gray (/w/index.php?title=Jennie_T._Gray&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Jenny Terrill Ruprecht (/wiki/Jenny_Terrill_Ruprecht) (women of the century) Jerone R. Hart (/w/index.php?title=Jerone_R._Hart&action=edit&redlink=1) (September 3, 1946 - November 27, 2010) Jessie A. Fraser (/w/index.php?title=Jessie_A._Fraser&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jessie D. McComb (/w/index.php?title=Jessie_D._McComb&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jessie Dodge (/w/index.php?title=Jessie_Dodge&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jessie E. Atkinson (/w/index.php?title=Jessie_E._Atkinson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jessie F. Culton (/w/index.php?title=Jessie_F._Culton&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Jessie F. Treen (/w/index.php?title=Jessie_F._Treen&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jessie Fremont O'Donnell (/wiki/Jessie_Fremont_O%27Donnell) (women of the century) Jessie Knight Jordan (/w/index.php?title=Jessie_Knight_Jordan&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jessie Matson (/w/index.php?title=Jessie_Matson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jessie Thompson Scott (/w/index.php?title=Jessie_Thompson_Scott&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jessie Young Irvine (/w/index.php?title=Jessie_Young_Irvine&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Jimmy Biddle (/w/index.php?title=Jimmy_Biddle&action=edit&redlink=1) (July 8, 1929 – March 10, 2005) Joan Southward (/w/index.php?title=Joan_Southward&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Joanna Marshall (/w/index.php?title=Joanna_Marshall&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Johanna Mathieson (/w/index.php?title=Johanna_Mathieson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mrs. John Crawford (/wiki/Mrs._John_Crawford) (women of the century) Mrs. John Drew (/wiki/Mrs._John_Drew) (women of the century) John Tylney (/w/index.php?title=John_Tylney&action=edit&redlink=1) (1712 – September 17, 1784) Josephine Aspenwall Roche (/w/index.php?title=Josephine_Aspenwall_Roche&action=edit&redlink=1) http://www.his.com/~njohn/wow/roche.htm (https://www.his.com/~njohn/wow/roche.htm) Josephine Clancy Wice (/w/index.php?title=Josephine_Clancy_Wice&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Josephine Illington Lathrop (/w/index.php?title=Josephine_Illington_Lathrop&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Josephine K. Steake Rutherford (/w/index.php?title=Josephine_K._Steake_Rutherford&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Josephine Kipp (/w/index.php?title=Josephine_Kipp&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Josephine Kirby W. Henry (/wiki/Josephine_Kirby_W._Henry) (women of the century) Josephine Marie Dowler (/w/index.php?title=Josephine_Marie_Dowler&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Josephine P. C. Bateham (/wiki/Josephine_P._C._Bateham) (women of the century) Josephine Ralston Nichols (/wiki/Josephine_Ralston_Nichols) (women of the century) Josephine Young Wilson (/w/index.php?title=Josephine_Young_Wilson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Josie Adelaide Olmsted (/w/index.php?title=Josie_Adelaide_Olmsted&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Joyce Backus (/w/index.php?title=Joyce_Backus&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Joyce Warshow (/w/index.php?title=Joyce_Warshow&action=edit&redlink=1) ( http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/nytimes/obituary.aspx?pid=95594317 (http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/nytimes/obituary.aspx?pid=95594317) ) Julia A. A. Wood (/wiki/Julia_A._A._Wood) (women of the century) Julia Anna Orum (/wiki/Julia_Anna_Orum) (women of the century) Julia Boynton Green (/wiki/Julia_Boynton_Green) (women of the century) Julia Catlin Park Taufflieb (/w/index.php?title=Julia_Catlin_Park_Taufflieb&action=edit&redlink=1) – the first American woman to receive the Légion d'honneur in World War I for turning her chateau in northern France into a 300-bed hospital Julia Colman (/wiki/Julia_Colman) (women of the century) Julia E. Houston West (/w/index.php?title=Julia_E._Houston_West&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Julia G. Babcock (/w/index.php?title=Julia_G._Babcock&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Julia Jack (/w/index.php?title=Julia_Jack&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Julia Kinsey Zumwalt (/w/index.php?title=Julia_Kinsey_Zumwalt&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Julia Knowlton Dyer (/wiki/Julia_Knowlton_Dyer) (women of the century) Julia Laughlin (/w/index.php?title=Julia_Laughlin&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Julia McNair Wright (/wiki/Julia_McNair_Wright) (women of the century) Julie Wetherill Baker (/w/index.php?title=Julie_Wetherill_Baker&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Juliet H. Severance (/w/index.php?title=Juliet_H._Severance&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Juliet James (/w/index.php?title=Juliet_James&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Julietto Pierce (/w/index.php?title=Julietto_Pierce&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) C [ edit ] Caroline Horlon Bell (/w/index.php?title=Caroline_Horlon_Bell&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Caroline Hughes (/w/index.php?title=Caroline_Hughes&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Caroline Julia Bartlett (/w/index.php?title=Caroline_Julia_Bartlett&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Caroline Keating Reed (/wiki/Caroline_Keating_Reed) (women of the century) Caroline Lathrop Post (/wiki/Caroline_Lathrop_Post) (women of the century) Caroline Lavinia S. Harrison (/wiki/Caroline_Lavinia_S._Harrison) (women of the century) Caroline M. Churchill (/wiki/Caroline_M._Churchill) (women of the century) Caroline M. Clark Woodward (/wiki/Caroline_M._Clark_Woodward) (women of the century) Caroline M. Woodward (/wiki/Caroline_M._Woodward) (women of the century) Caroline Maria S. Severance (/wiki/Caroline_Maria_S._Severance) (women of the century) Caroline Matilda Dodson (/wiki/Caroline_Matilda_Dodson) (women of the century) Caroline S. Ledyard (/w/index.php?title=Caroline_S._Ledyard&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Caroline Seely Cummins (/w/index.php?title=Caroline_Seely_Cummins&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Caroline Van D. Chenoweth (/wiki/Caroline_Van_D._Chenoweth) (women of the century) Caroline Weaver Leland (/w/index.php?title=Caroline_Weaver_Leland&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Carrie Ashton Johnson (/wiki/Carrie_Ashton_Johnson) (women of the century) Carrie Bell (/w/index.php?title=Carrie_Bell&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Carrie Castle Dozier (/w/index.php?title=Carrie_Castle_Dozier&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Carrie E. Freeman (/w/index.php?title=Carrie_E._Freeman&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Carrie E. Hall (/w/index.php?title=Carrie_E._Hall&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Carrie F. J. Montgomery (/w/index.php?title=Carrie_F._J._Montgomery&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Carrie Isabelle Rice Raymond (/wiki/Carrie_Isabelle_Rice_Raymond) (women of the century) Carrie L. Knoles Hoyt (/w/index.php?title=Carrie_L._Knoles_Hoyt&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Carrie Lane Chapman Catt (/wiki/Carrie_Lane_Chapman_Catt) (women of the century) Carrie Lane Chapman (/w/index.php?title=Carrie_Lane_Chapman&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Carrie M. Shoaff (/wiki/Carrie_M._Shoaff) (women of the century) Carrie Parsons Bryant (/w/index.php?title=Carrie_Parsons_Bryant&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Cassie C. Moreland (/w/index.php?title=Cassie_C._Moreland&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Cassie Ward Mee (/w/index.php?title=Cassie_Ward_Mee&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Cassius C. Cottle (/w/index.php?title=Cassius_C._Cottle&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Catharine A. F. Stebbins (/wiki/Catharine_A._F._Stebbins) (women of the century) Catharine H. T. Avery (/wiki/Catharine_H._T._Avery) (women of the century) Catharine Nobles (/w/index.php?title=Catharine_Nobles&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Catharine Waugh McCulloch (/wiki/Catharine_Waugh_McCulloch) (women of the century) Catherine A. Fay Ewing (/w/index.php?title=Catherine_A._Fay_Ewing&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Catherine F. Taylor (/w/index.php?title=Catherine_F._Taylor&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Catherine Harker (/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Harker&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Catherine Jackson (concertist) (/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Jackson_(concertist)&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Catherine Jones (philanthropist) (/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Jones_(philanthropist)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1673 - April 23, 1740) Catherine Lorillard Wolfe (/wiki/Catherine_Lorillard_Wolfe) (women of the century) Catherine Swan Brown Spear (/wiki/Catherine_Swan_Brown_Spear) (women of the century) Catherine Van V. Waite (/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Van_V._Waite&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Cecelia Mae Beyler (/w/index.php?title=Cecelia_Mae_Beyler&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Cecil Doyle Hamilton (/w/index.php?title=Cecil_Doyle_Hamilton&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Cecile Hayward Grenfell (/w/index.php?title=Cecile_Hayward_Grenfell&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Cecilia Augspurger Schultz (/w/index.php?title=Cecilia_Augspurger_Schultz&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ceil Doyle Hamilton (/w/index.php?title=Ceil_Doyle_Hamilton&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Celeste Groenevelt (/w/index.php?title=Celeste_Groenevelt&action=edit&redlink=1) pianist Celeste M. A. Winslow (/wiki/Celeste_M._A._Winslow) (women of the century) Celestia Joslin Northrop (/w/index.php?title=Celestia_Joslin_Northrop&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Celia Harris (/w/index.php?title=Celia_Harris&action=edit&redlink=1) ( https://potterswheel.omeka.net/biographies (https://potterswheel.omeka.net/biographies) ) Celia Logan Connelly (/wiki/Celia_Logan_Connelly) (women of the century) Charity Rusk Craig (/wiki/Charity_Rusk_Craig) (women of the century) Charles B. Fowler (/w/index.php?title=Charles_B._Fowler&action=edit&redlink=1) (May 12, 1931 – June 11, 1995) Charles Boultenhouse (/w/index.php?title=Charles_Boultenhouse&action=edit&redlink=1) ( http://archives.nypl.org/mss/349 (http://archives.nypl.org/mss/349) ) Charles Hammond Gibson, Jr. (/w/index.php?title=Charles_Hammond_Gibson,_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1) (1874 – November 17, 1954) Charles Robert Naylor, Jr. (/w/index.php?title=Charles_Robert_Naylor,_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1) (May 3, 1944 – July 30, 2005) Margaret Bernice McCoid Crail (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Bernice_McCoid_Crail&action=edit&redlink=1) Mrs Charles S. Crail (Women of the West) Charles S. Gillan, Jr. (/w/index.php?title=Charles_S._Gillan,_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1) (November 29, 1951 - March 5, 2002) Charlotte Field Dailey (/w/index.php?title=Charlotte_Field_Dailey&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Charlotte Fiske Bates Roge (/wiki/Charlotte_Fiske_Bates_Roge) (women of the century) Charlotta Hax Rosatti (/w/index.php?title=Charlotta_Hax_Rosatti&action=edit&redlink=1) Still another is Charlotta Hax Rosatti, who was a grand opera singer. She played before the most critical houses in St. Petersburg and all of the principal capitals where the German language is spoken and where Italian opera was at home. She never failed to make a success of her work at any one of these places. [1] (#cite_note-1) Charlotte Lansing Wilson (/w/index.php?title=Charlotte_Lansing_Wilson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Charlotte Louise Smith (/w/index.php?title=Charlotte_Louise_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Charlotte M. Brown (/w/index.php?title=Charlotte_M._Brown&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Charlotte Penniman Ebbets (/w/index.php?title=Charlotte_Penniman_Ebbets&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Charlotte Roberson (/w/index.php?title=Charlotte_Roberson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Chloe Cooper Gould (/w/index.php?title=Chloe_Cooper_Gould&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Christine A. Jaeobsen (/w/index.php?title=Christine_A._Jaeobsen&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Christine Nielson Dreier (/wiki/Christine_Nielson_Dreier) (women of the century) Christopher Wood (plantagenet) (/w/index.php?title=Christopher_Wood_(plantagenet)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1900-1976) Chuck Howard (fashion designer) (/w/index.php?title=Chuck_Howard_(fashion_designer)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1927 - September 30, 2002) Claire Charles-Roux De Forbin (/w/index.php?title=Claire_Charles-Roux_De_Forbin&action=edit&redlink=1) (April 10, 1908 - 1992) ( http://elisa-rolle.livejournal.com/2733656.html (http://elisa-rolle.livejournal.com/2733656.html) ) Clara B. Bagg (/w/index.php?title=Clara_B._Bagg&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Clara Christiana Chapin (/wiki/Clara_Christiana_Chapin) (women of the century) Clara Cleghorn Hoffman (/wiki/Clara_Cleghorn_Hoffman) ( https://law.wustl.edu/Staff/Taylor/WOMEN/MOOFFMAN/mooff2/1stlib.htm (https://law.wustl.edu/Staff/Taylor/WOMEN/MOOFFMAN/mooff2/1stlib.htm) ) Clara Cleghorn Hoffman (/wiki/Clara_Cleghorn_Hoffman) (women of the century) Clara Davis TRUE (/w/index.php?title=Clara_Davis_TRUE&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Clara Doty Bates (/wiki/Clara_Doty_Bates) (women of the century) Clara Elizabeth Van Etten (/w/index.php?title=Clara_Elizabeth_Van_Etten&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Clara F. Chiadek (/w/index.php?title=Clara_F._Chiadek&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Clara F. Strong (/w/index.php?title=Clara_F._Strong&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Clara H. Mountcastle (/wiki/Clara_H._Mountcastle) (women of the century) Clara H. Sully Carhart (/w/index.php?title=Clara_H._Sully_Carhart&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Clara Harrison Stranahan (/wiki/Clara_Harrison_Stranahan) (women of the century) Clara Holmes Hapgood Nash (/wiki/Clara_Holmes_Hapgood_Nash) (women of the century) Clara L. Brown Dyer (/wiki/Clara_L._Brown_Dyer) (women of the century) Clara L. Martin (/w/index.php?title=Clara_L._Martin&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Clara Leonard Sorensen Dieman (/w/index.php?title=Clara_Leonard_Sorensen_Dieman&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Clara M. Brinkerhoft (/wiki/Clara_M._Brinkerhoft) (women of the century) Clara M. Wood (/w/index.php?title=Clara_M._Wood&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Clara Millerd Smertenko (/w/index.php?title=Clara_Millerd_Smertenko&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Clara P. Reynolds (/w/index.php?title=Clara_P._Reynolds&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Clara R. Cushman (/w/index.php?title=Clara_R._Cushman&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Clara Shepherd Reid (/w/index.php?title=Clara_Shepherd_Reid&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Clara Smart Millar (/w/index.php?title=Clara_Smart_Millar&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Clara Stotenberg (/w/index.php?title=Clara_Stotenberg&action=edit&redlink=1) https://books.google.it/books?id=7Jp5CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA79 (https://books.google.it/books?id=7Jp5CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA79) Clara V. Winlow (/w/index.php?title=Clara_V._Winlow&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Clara Wilhelmina Waffle (/w/index.php?title=Clara_Wilhelmina_Waffle&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Clarene Buchen (/w/index.php?title=Clarene_Buchen&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Claribel Sims Conner (/w/index.php?title=Claribel_Sims_Conner&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Clarice McGlauflin Elliott (/w/index.php?title=Clarice_McGlauflin_Elliott&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Claudia Quigley Murphy (/wiki/Claudia_Quigley_Murphy) (women of the century) Clementina Butler (/wiki/Clementina_Butler) (women of the century) Clio Lee Aydelott (/w/index.php?title=Clio_Lee_Aydelott&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Constance Fairbanks (/wiki/Constance_Fairbanks) (women of the century) Cora Anderson (/w/index.php?title=Cora_Anderson&action=edit&redlink=1) ( https://forgottenstories.net/2012/05/10/ralph-kerwineo-one-of-milwaukees-most-charming-women/ (https://forgottenstories.net/2012/05/10/ralph-kerwineo-one-of-milwaukees-most-charming-women/) ) Cora B. Fithian (/w/index.php?title=Cora_B._Fithian&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Cora Belle Brewster (/wiki/Cora_Belle_Brewster) (women of the century) Cora Deal Lewis (/w/index.php?title=Cora_Deal_Lewis&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Cora Eleanor Ross (/w/index.php?title=Cora_Eleanor_Ross&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Cora L. Abbott (/w/index.php?title=Cora_L._Abbott&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Cora M. Woodbridge (/w/index.php?title=Cora_M._Woodbridge&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Cora Georgiana Snow Carleton (/w/index.php?title=Cora_Georgiana_Snow_Carleton&action=edit&redlink=1) [5] (https://books.google.it/books?id=QSWhKqKt1moC&pg=PA476&lpg=PA476&dq=Therese+Parkinson+Jenkins&source=bl&ots=9YJ9DrRRXD&sig=8IGn5JmdgZec0AuZgVkiGcWaQBg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi2jcSLg_PVAhXMOxQKHdvsB2MQ6AEILzAC#v=onepage&q=Therese%20Parkinson%20Jenkins&f=false) Cora Scott Pond Pope (/wiki/Cora_Scott_Pond_Pope) (women of the century) Cora Stuart Wheeler (/wiki/Cora_Stuart_Wheeler) (women of the century) Cora Urquhart Potter (/wiki/Cora_Urquhart_Potter) (women of the century) Cora Victoria Diehl (/wiki/Cora_Victoria_Diehl) (women of the century) Coralie Noyes Kenfield (/w/index.php?title=Coralie_Noyes_Kenfield&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Cordelia Throop Cole (/wiki/Cordelia_Throop_Cole) (women of the century) Cordelia Young Willard (/w/index.php?title=Cordelia_Young_Willard&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Corelli C. W. Simpson (/wiki/Corelli_C._W._Simpson) (women of the century) Corene Bain Place (/w/index.php?title=Corene_Bain_Place&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Corinne Damen Adams (/w/index.php?title=Corinne_Damen_Adams&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Corinne Kimball (/wiki/Corinne_Kimball) (women of the century) Corinne Stocker (/w/index.php?title=Corinne_Stocker&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Cornelia Collins Hussey (/wiki/Cornelia_Collins_Hussey) (women of the century) Cornelia D. Plaister (/w/index.php?title=Cornelia_D._Plaister&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Cornelia Dean Shaw (/w/index.php?title=Cornelia_Dean_Shaw&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Cornelia Douglas Provines (/w/index.php?title=Cornelia_Douglas_Provines&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Cornelia Hart (/w/index.php?title=Cornelia_Hart&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Cornelia Jane M. Jordan (/wiki/Cornelia_Jane_M._Jordan) (women of the century) Cornelia M. Bergen (/w/index.php?title=Cornelia_M._Bergen&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Cornelia M. Dow (/wiki/Cornelia_M._Dow) (women of the century) Cornelia Moore C Moots (/w/index.php?title=Cornelia_Moore_C_Moots&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Countess Ella Norraikow (/w/index.php?title=Countess_Ella_Norraikow&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Crete Cage (/wiki/Crete_Cage) (Women of the West) Cynthia H. Van N. Leonard (/wiki/Cynthia_H._Van_N._Leonard) (women of the century) Cynthia M. Westover (/w/index.php?title=Cynthia_M._Westover&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Cynthia Morgan St. John (/wiki/Cynthia_Morgan_St._John) (women of the century) L [ edit ] Laura Jacinta Rittenhouse (/wiki/Laura_Jacinta_Rittenhouse) (women of the century) Laura M. Brenn (/w/index.php?title=Laura_M._Brenn&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Laura M. Geiger (/w/index.php?title=Laura_M._Geiger&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Laura M. Johns (/wiki/Laura_M._Johns) (women of the century) Laura M. Wright (/w/index.php?title=Laura_M._Wright&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Laura Rosamond White (/wiki/Laura_Rosamond_White) (women of the century) Laura Wood Catlin (/w/index.php?title=Laura_Wood_Catlin&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Lavantia Densmore Douglas (/wiki/Lavantia_Densmore_Douglas) (women of the century) Lavina Stella Goodwin (/wiki/Lavina_Stella_Goodwin) (women of the century) Lee C. Hardy (/w/index.php?title=Lee_C._Hardy&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Lee Crittenden Brady (/w/index.php?title=Lee_Crittenden_Brady&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Leila Castberg (/w/index.php?title=Leila_Castberg&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Leiland Atherton Irish (/w/index.php?title=Leiland_Atherton_Irish&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lela Bolin Hall (/w/index.php?title=Lela_Bolin_Hall&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lela Horn Richards (/w/index.php?title=Lela_Horn_Richards&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lelia P. Roby (/wiki/Lelia_P._Roby) (women of the century) Lelitia Willey Todd (/w/index.php?title=Lelitia_Willey_Todd&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Lena Anton (/w/index.php?title=Lena_Anton&action=edit&redlink=1) : P. G. Anton, Sr., was quite a composer, and one of the real worthwhile compositions played at the St. Louis Centennial celebration of the musicians held in St. Louis in 1909 was his Symphonic Overture . Anton died in 1896. His daughter, Lena, married August Roebbelen, who was for eighteen years the secretary of the Philharmonic Orchestra of New York. They have one son. Lena Anton made a concert tour of the country and she stands now as one of the leaders in the pianistic world, especially in the rendition of modern works. [2] (#cite_note-2) Lena R. Pepperdine (/w/index.php?title=Lena_R._Pepperdine&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lena S. Hitchner (/w/index.php?title=Lena_S._Hitchner&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lena Thompson Clarke (/w/index.php?title=Lena_Thompson_Clarke&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Lenna B. Odson (/w/index.php?title=Lenna_B._Odson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lenore Shanewise (/w/index.php?title=Lenore_Shanewise&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lenore Sollender Campbell (/w/index.php?title=Lenore_Sollender_Campbell&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Leo J. Clayburgh (/w/index.php?title=Leo_J._Clayburgh&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Leonard Colton Hanna, Jr. (/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Colton_Hanna,_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1) (November 5, 1889 – October 5, 1957) Leone Cass Baer Hicks (/w/index.php?title=Leone_Cass_Baer_Hicks&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Leonora Naylor Penniman (/w/index.php?title=Leonora_Naylor_Penniman&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Leonora Wood Armsby (/w/index.php?title=Leonora_Wood_Armsby&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Leora Bettison Robinson (/wiki/Leora_Bettison_Robinson) (women of the century) Leora Hapner (/w/index.php?title=Leora_Hapner&action=edit&redlink=1) http://www.montana.edu/mountainsandminds/2008/fall/women/index.php (http://www.montana.edu/mountainsandminds/2008/fall/women/index.php) Leora Thatcher (/wiki/Leora_Thatcher) (Women of the West) Leoti L. West (/w/index.php?title=Leoti_L._West&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Leta Horlocker (/w/index.php?title=Leta_Horlocker&action=edit&redlink=1) https://www.newspapers.com/image/162064809/?terms=Leta%2BHorlocker (https://www.newspapers.com/image/162064809/?terms=Leta%2BHorlocker) Leta May Bryan (/w/index.php?title=Leta_May_Bryan&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Letitia Creighton Youmans (/wiki/Letitia_Creighton_Youmans) (women of the century) Lettie S. Bigelow (/wiki/Lettie_S._Bigelow) (women of the century) Levancia Holcomb Plumb (/wiki/Levancia_Holcomb_Plumb) (women of the century) Leverett Saltonstall (died 1895) (/w/index.php?title=Leverett_Saltonstall_(died_1895)&action=edit&redlink=1) (March 16, 1825 - April 15, 1895) Libbie A. Hutchinson (/w/index.php?title=Libbie_A._Hutchinson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Libbie C. Baer (/wiki/Libbie_C._Baer) (women of the century) Libbie L. Woodruff (/w/index.php?title=Libbie_L._Woodruff&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Libbie Reach Hoel (/w/index.php?title=Libbie_Reach_Hoel&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Lida Rose McCabe (/wiki/Lida_Rose_McCabe) (women of the century) Lida Scranton (/w/index.php?title=Lida_Scranton&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Lide A. Churchill (/w/index.php?title=Lide_A._Churchill&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Lilian Holmes Strack (/w/index.php?title=Lilian_Holmes_Strack&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lilian White Spencer (/w/index.php?title=Lilian_White_Spencer&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Lillan Hollister (/w/index.php?title=Lillan_Hollister&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Lillian Adele Tourtillotte (/w/index.php?title=Lillian_Adele_Tourtillotte&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Lillian Bailey Henschel (/w/index.php?title=Lillian_Bailey_Henschel&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Lillian Blanche Fearing (/wiki/Lillian_Blanche_Fearing) (women of the century) Lillian Ella Tingle (/w/index.php?title=Lillian_Ella_Tingle&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lillian Frances Wilson (/w/index.php?title=Lillian_Frances_Wilson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lillian Hoxie Picken (/wiki/Lillian_Hoxie_Picken) (women of the century) Lillian J. Heath (/w/index.php?title=Lillian_J._Heath&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lillian M. Carse (/w/index.php?title=Lillian_M._Carse&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lillian M. Gilstrap (/w/index.php?title=Lillian_M._Gilstrap&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lillian M. Wendemuth (/w/index.php?title=Lillian_M._Wendemuth&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lillian Norton Gower (/wiki/Lillian_Norton_Gower) (women of the century) Lillian Palmer (artist) (/w/index.php?title=Lillian_Palmer_(artist)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1871-1961) Lillian Spongberg (/w/index.php?title=Lillian_Spongberg&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lillie B. Chace Wyman (/wiki/Lillie_B._Chace_Wyman) (women of the century) Lillie Barbour Clinedinst (/w/index.php?title=Lillie_Barbour_Clinedinst&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lillie Berg (/wiki/Lillie_Berg) (women of the century) Lillie Resler Keister (/wiki/Lillie_Resler_Keister) (women of the century) Lillyan S. Lee (/w/index.php?title=Lillyan_S._Lee&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lily Chin (/wiki/Lily_Chin) http://www.his.com/~njohn/wow/lily.htm (https://www.his.com/~njohn/wow/lily.htm) Lily Munsell Ritchie (/w/index.php?title=Lily_Munsell_Ritchie&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Litta Belle Hibben (/w/index.php?title=Litta_Belle_Hibben&action=edit&redlink=1) https://books.google.it/books?id=7Jp5CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA79 (https://books.google.it/books?id=7Jp5CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA79) Lisa Anne Fletcher (/wiki/Lisa_Anne_Fletcher) (women of the century) Lizabeth Wiley (/w/index.php?title=Lizabeth_Wiley&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lizzie E. D. Thayer (/wiki/Lizzie_E._D._Thayer) (women of the century) Lizzie R. Richmond (/w/index.php?title=Lizzie_R._Richmond&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) L'Louise L. Houghton (/w/index.php?title=L%27Louise_L._Houghton&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lois E. Trott (/wiki/Lois_E._Trott) (women of the century) Lois Parker Myers (/w/index.php?title=Lois_Parker_Myers&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Loleta L. Rowan (/w/index.php?title=Loleta_L._Rowan&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Loraine Immen (/wiki/Loraine_Immen) (women of the century) Lorena Davison Chaffee (/w/index.php?title=Lorena_Davison_Chaffee&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lorena Davison Chaffee (/w/index.php?title=Lorena_Davison_Chaffee&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Loretta C Van Hook (/w/index.php?title=Loretta_C_Van_Hook&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Loretta Mann Hammond (/w/index.php?title=Loretta_Mann_Hammond&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Lorna Durnford Barton (/w/index.php?title=Lorna_Durnford_Barton&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lottie Brown Dern (/w/index.php?title=Lottie_Brown_Dern&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lottie E. Granger (/wiki/Lottie_E._Granger) (women of the century) Lottie Johnston Graveley (/w/index.php?title=Lottie_Johnston_Graveley&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lou Singletary Bedford (/wiki/Lou_Singletary_Bedford) (women of the century) Louis Wessel (/w/index.php?title=Louis_Wessel&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Louisa Brewster Williams (/w/index.php?title=Louisa_Brewster_Williams&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Louisa Dow Benton (/wiki/Louisa_Dow_Benton) (women of the century) Louise A. H. Church (/w/index.php?title=Louise_A._H._Church&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Louise A. Perozzi (/w/index.php?title=Louise_A._Perozzi&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Louise Adele Cuinet (/w/index.php?title=Louise_Adele_Cuinet&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Louise Barrows Schroff (/w/index.php?title=Louise_Barrows_Schroff&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Louise Bowman McClain (/w/index.php?title=Louise_Bowman_McClain&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Louise Catherine Adams (/wiki/Louise_Catherine_Adams) (women of the century) Louise Congdon Balmer (/w/index.php?title=Louise_Congdon_Balmer&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Louise E. Francis (/wiki/Louise_E._Francis) (women of the century) Louise Hammond Willis (/wiki/Louise_Hammond_Willis) (women of the century) Louise Heydenreich (/w/index.php?title=Louise_Heydenreich&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Louise Keller Cherry (/w/index.php?title=Louise_Keller_Cherry&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Louise L. Chase (/wiki/Louise_L._Chase) (women of the century) Louise Le Noir Thomas (/w/index.php?title=Louise_Le_Noir_Thomas&action=edit&redlink=1) Louise Markschefiel (/w/index.php?title=Louise_Markschefiel&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Louise Monroe Walton (/w/index.php?title=Louise_Monroe_Walton&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Louise Parker Spratt (/w/index.php?title=Louise_Parker_Spratt&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Louise Pollock (/w/index.php?title=Louise_Pollock&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Louise Reed Stowell (/wiki/Louise_Reed_Stowell) (women of the century) Louise S. Baker (/w/index.php?title=Louise_S._Baker&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Lucetta Amelia Smith (/w/index.php?title=Lucetta_Amelia_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lucia M. Lane (/w/index.php?title=Lucia_M._Lane&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lucia True Ames (/wiki/Lucia_True_Ames) (women of the century) Lucie Ann Morrison Elmore (/wiki/Lucie_Ann_Morrison_Elmore) (women of the century) Lucie Caroline Hager (/wiki/Lucie_Caroline_Hager) (women of the century) Lucile F. Fargo (/w/index.php?title=Lucile_F._Fargo&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lucile Manchester (/w/index.php?title=Lucile_Manchester&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lucile Perry Ames (/w/index.php?title=Lucile_Perry_Ames&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lucinda H. Stone (/wiki/Lucinda_H._Stone) (women of the century) Lucy A. Mallory (/wiki/Lucy_A._Mallory) (women of the century) Lucy A. Richards (/w/index.php?title=Lucy_A._Richards&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lucy Ann Kidd (/w/index.php?title=Lucy_Ann_Kidd&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Lucy Creemer Peckham (/wiki/Lucy_Creemer_Peckham) (women of the century) Lucy D. Wells (/w/index.php?title=Lucy_D._Wells&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lucy Jackson Whiting (/w/index.php?title=Lucy_Jackson_Whiting&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lucy M. C. Robinson (/w/index.php?title=Lucy_M._C._Robinson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lucy Newhall Colman (/wiki/Lucy_Newhall_Colman) (women of the century) Lucy Peabody (preservationist) (/w/index.php?title=Lucy_Peabody_(preservationist)&action=edit&redlink=1) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Donaghe_McClurg (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Donaghe_McClurg) Lucy Robbins Messer Switzer (/wiki/Lucy_Robbins_Messer_Switzer) (women of the century) Lucy Salisbury Doolittle (/wiki/Lucy_Salisbury_Doolittle) (women of the century) Lucy Sargent Sawyer (/w/index.php?title=Lucy_Sargent_Sawyer&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Lucy Seator Bartlett (/w/index.php?title=Lucy_Seator_Bartlett&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lucy Stedman Lamson (/wiki/Lucy_Stedman_Lamson) (women of the century) Lucy Virginia Goldthwaite (/w/index.php?title=Lucy_Virginia_Goldthwaite&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Luisa Cappiani (/wiki/Luisa_Cappiani) (women of the century) Lula D. Crandall (/w/index.php?title=Lula_D._Crandall&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lulu A. Burke (/w/index.php?title=Lulu_A._Burke&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lulu A. Ramsey (/w/index.php?title=Lulu_A._Ramsey&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Lula E. Blackburn (/w/index.php?title=Lula_E._Blackburn&action=edit&redlink=1) http://historian4hire.com/blackburn.html (http://historian4hire.com/blackburn.html) Lulu Mae Moore (/w/index.php?title=Lulu_Mae_Moore&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Luman Ferrell (/w/index.php?title=Luman_Ferrell&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Luna C. Osburn (/w/index.php?title=Luna_C._Osburn&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lura Eugenie Brown Smith (/wiki/Lura_Eugenie_Brown_Smith) (women of the century) Lurah C. Davis (/w/index.php?title=Lurah_C._Davis&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Lydia A. George (/w/index.php?title=Lydia_A._George&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Lydia Evans Hogue (/w/index.php?title=Lydia_Evans_Hogue&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Lydia H. Tilton (/wiki/Lydia_H._Tilton) (women of the century) Lydia Hoyt Farmer (/wiki/Lydia_Hoyt_Farmer) (women of the century) A [ edit ] Ada S. Blake (/w/index.php?title=Ada_S._Blake&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ada Waite Hildreth (/w/index.php?title=Ada_Waite_Hildreth&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ada Wallace Unruh (/w/index.php?title=Ada_Wallace_Unruh&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Adah J. Todd (/w/index.php?title=Adah_J._Todd&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Adaline Emerson Thompson (/wiki/Adaline_Emerson_Thompson) (women of the century) Adaline Hohf Berry (/wiki/Adaline_Hohf_Berry) (women of the century) Adda Bradford Manker (/w/index.php?title=Adda_Bradford_Manker&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Addie C. Strong Engle (/wiki/Addie_C._Strong_Engle) (women of the century) Adelaide Avery Clartin (/w/index.php?title=Adelaide_Avery_Clartin&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Adelaide B. Preston (/w/index.php?title=Adelaide_B._Preston&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Adelaide Brown (/w/index.php?title=Adelaide_Brown&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Adelaide Day Rollston (/wiki/Adelaide_Day_Rollston) (women of the century) Adelaide George Bennett (/wiki/Adelaide_George_Bennett) (women of the century) Adelaide H. Gilmore (/w/index.php?title=Adelaide_H._Gilmore&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Adelaide Lynn Dicklow (/w/index.php?title=Adelaide_Lynn_Dicklow&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Adelaide O'Brien (/w/index.php?title=Adelaide_O%27Brien&action=edit&redlink=1) , in February 11, 1915, the St. Louis Post-Dispatch reported that Caroline Thummel McCarty and her law partner Adelaide O'Brien were the only law partnership of women practicing in the west. Adelaide S. Doll (/w/index.php?title=Adelaide_S._Doll&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Adele Meyer Outcalt (/w/index.php?title=Adele_Meyer_Outcalt&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Adelia Antoinette F. Johnston (/w/index.php?title=Adelia_Antoinette_F._Johnston&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Adelia C Graves (/w/index.php?title=Adelia_C_Graves&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Adelia Prichard (/w/index.php?title=Adelia_Prichard&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Adeline Beatrice Clark (/w/index.php?title=Adeline_Beatrice_Clark&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Adeline D. Train Whitney (/wiki/Adeline_D._Train_Whitney) (women of the century) Adeline Morrison Swain (/wiki/Adeline_Morrison_Swain) (women of the century) Adeline Trafton Knox (/wiki/Adeline_Trafton_Knox) (women of the century) Adella Tuttle Schloss (/w/index.php?title=Adella_Tuttle_Schloss&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Adellah J. Renfrew (/w/index.php?title=Adellah_J._Renfrew&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Adina Mitchell (/w/index.php?title=Adina_Mitchell&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Agnes Huntington (/wiki/Agnes_Huntington) (women of the century) Agnes Leonard Hill (/wiki/Agnes_Leonard_Hill) (women of the century) Agnes Lithelwyn Wetherald (/wiki/Agnes_Lithelwyn_Wetherald) (women of the century) Agnes Nininger Kemp (/wiki/Agnes_Nininger_Kemp) (women of the century) Agnes T. Main (/w/index.php?title=Agnes_T._Main&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Agnes Weamer (/w/index.php?title=Agnes_Weamer&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Agnes Woodward (/wiki/Agnes_Woodward) (Women of the West) Aimee Marguerite Peters (/w/index.php?title=Aimee_Marguerite_Peters&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alberta Gude Lynch (/w/index.php?title=Alberta_Gude_Lynch&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alberta L. Jacobs (/w/index.php?title=Alberta_L._Jacobs&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Albertine Richards Nash (/w/index.php?title=Albertine_Richards_Nash&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Aletha Gilbert (/w/index.php?title=Aletha_Gilbert&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alexander Hamilton Montgomery (/w/index.php?title=Alexander_Hamilton_Montgomery&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) [6] (https://www.newspapers.com/image/158761464/?terms=%22Stanton%2BMONTGOMERY%22) [7] (https://www.newspapers.com/image/158762156/?terms=%22Stanton%2BMONTGOMERY%22) Alexander Jensen Yow (/w/index.php?title=Alexander_Jensen_Yow&action=edit&redlink=1) Alfrida A. Storm (/w/index.php?title=Alfrida_A._Storm&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice A. Andrews (/wiki/Alice_A._Andrews) (women of the century) Alice A. Chism (/w/index.php?title=Alice_A._Chism&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice A. W. Cadwaliader (/w/index.php?title=Alice_A._W._Cadwaliader&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Alice Arnold Crawford (/wiki/Alice_Arnold_Crawford) (women of the century) Alice Baggett (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Baggett&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Alice Barbee Castleman (/wiki/Alice_Barbee_Castleman) (women of the century) Alice Barnett (songwriter) (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Barnett_(songwriter)&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice Bellvadore Sams Turner (/wiki/Alice_Bellvadore_Sams_Turner) (women of the century) Alice Burr (/wiki/Alice_Burr) (Women of the West) Alice Coleman Batchelder (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Coleman_Batchelder&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary_Davenport_Engberg,_Bertha_Knight_Landes,_Esther_Stark_Maltby,_Mary_J._Elmendorf,_Esther_Shepard,_Alice_D._Engley_Beek,_Ruth_Karr_McKee Alice D. Engley Beek (/w/index.php?title=Alice_D._Engley_Beek&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Alice D. Le Plongeon (/wiki/Alice_D._Le_Plongeon) (women of the century) Alice Dimmick Carpenter (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Dimmick_Carpenter&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Alice E. H. Peters (/wiki/Alice_E._H._Peters) (women of the century) Alice E. Ludovici (/w/index.php?title=Alice_E._Ludovici&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice Elenore Stratton (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Elenore_Stratton&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice Eloise Bartlett (/wiki/Alice_Eloise_Bartlett) (women of the century) Alice Emma Ives (/wiki/Alice_Emma_Ives) (women of the century) Alice Esty Marsh (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Esty_Marsh&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Alice G. McGee (/wiki/Alice_G._McGee) (women of the century) Alice Goetsch Fuller (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Goetsch_Fuller&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice Gordon Gulick (/wiki/Alice_Gordon_Gulick) (women of the century) Alice_Gould_Pattison Alice Gould Pattison (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Gould_Pattison&action=edit&redlink=1) (Notable Women) Alice Grover Whitbeck (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Grover_Whitbeck&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice Haines Baskin (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Haines_Baskin&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice Hobbins Porter (/wiki/Alice_Hobbins_Porter) (women of the century) Alice Houghton (/wiki/Alice_Houghton) (women of the century) Alice Ives Breed (/wiki/Alice_Ives_Breed) (women of the century) Alice Klauber (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Klauber&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice Knell (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Knell&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice Lee (activist) (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Lee_(activist)&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) (May 27, 1854 - February 18, 1943) Alice M. Bartlett (/w/index.php?title=Alice_M._Bartlett&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice M. George (/w/index.php?title=Alice_M._George&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice Maud Smith (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Maud_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice May Douglas (/wiki/Alice_May_Douglas) (women of the century) Alice May Esly (/wiki/Alice_May_Esly) (women of the century) Alice Merrill Home (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Merrill_Home&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice Mitchell Shortle (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Mitchell_Shortle&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice Moore McComas (/wiki/Alice_Moore_McComas) (women of the century) Alice O. Darling (/w/index.php?title=Alice_O._Darling&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Alice O. Hunnewell (/w/index.php?title=Alice_O._Hunnewell&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice R. Fischer (/w/index.php?title=Alice_R._Fischer&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice R. Hargrave (/w/index.php?title=Alice_R._Hargrave&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice R. Jordan Blake (/wiki/Alice_R._Jordan_Blake) (women of the century) Alice S. Deletombe (/wiki/Alice_S._Deletombe) (women of the century) Alice S. Foxworthy (/w/index.php?title=Alice_S._Foxworthy&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Alice Sanderson Bicknell (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Sanderson_Bicknell&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice Sussman Arnstein (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Sussman_Arnstein&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice Sussman Arnstein (/w/index.php?title=Alice_Sussman_Arnstein&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alice Wellington Rollins (/wiki/Alice_Wellington_Rollins) (women of the century) Aline Reese Blondner (/wiki/Aline_Reese_Blondner) (women of the century) Allie C Willard (/w/index.php?title=Allie_C_Willard&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Allie Dickerman (/w/index.php?title=Allie_Dickerman&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alma Dorothy Priester (/w/index.php?title=Alma_Dorothy_Priester&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Maggie_Smith_Hathaway,_Alma_Margaret_Higgins,_Irene_Welch_Grissom,_Ethel_Redfield,_Alma_E._Plumb,_Letitia_H._Erb,_Mrs._Bernard_McHugh,_Catherine_E._Van_Valkeburg Alma E. Plumb (/w/index.php?title=Alma_E._Plumb&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Alma Jeannette Danford (/w/index.php?title=Alma_Jeannette_Danford&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Maggie_Smith_Hathaway,_Alma_Margaret_Higgins,_Irene_Welch_Grissom,_Ethel_Redfield,_Alma_E._Plumb,_Letitia_H._Erb,_Mrs._Bernard_McHugh,_Catherine_E._Van_Valkeburg Alma Margaret Higgins (/w/index.php?title=Alma_Margaret_Higgins&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Alma Whitaker (/w/index.php?title=Alma_Whitaker&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Almah J. Frisby (/w/index.php?title=Almah_J._Frisby&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Alta L. Hawker (/w/index.php?title=Alta_L._Hawker&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Althea_Somerville_Grossman Althea Somerville Grossman (/w/index.php?title=Althea_Somerville_Grossman&action=edit&redlink=1) (Notable Women) Alva S. Archer (/w/index.php?title=Alva_S._Archer&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Alvena Suhl Storm (/w/index.php?title=Alvena_Suhl_Storm&action=edit&redlink=1) Amalia Barney Simons Post (/wiki/Amalia_Barney_Simons_Post) (women of the century) Amanda Carlson Swenson (/wiki/Amanda_Carlson_Swenson) (women of the century) Amanda L. Aikens (/wiki/Amanda_L._Aikens) (women of the century) Amanda Louise R. Dufour (/w/index.php?title=Amanda_Louise_R._Dufour&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Amanda T. Jones (/wiki/Amanda_T._Jones) (women of the century) Amanda T. MacPherson (/w/index.php?title=Amanda_T._MacPherson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Amelia_C._Fruchte Amelia C. Fruchte (/w/index.php?title=Amelia_C._Fruchte&action=edit&redlink=1) (Notable Women) Amelia F. Johnson (/w/index.php?title=Amelia_F._Johnson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Amelia Josephine Cook (/w/index.php?title=Amelia_Josephine_Cook&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mrs. Amelia Kempshall Wing (/w/index.php?title=Mrs._Amelia_Kempshall_Wing&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Amelia M. Starkweather (/wiki/Amelia_M._Starkweather) (women of the century) Amelia Stone Quinlon (/w/index.php?title=Amelia_Stone_Quinlon&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Amelie Rives Chanler (/wiki/Amelie_Rives_Chanler) (women of the century) Amy Allbright (/w/index.php?title=Amy_Allbright&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Amy E. Thurston (/w/index.php?title=Amy_E._Thurston&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Amy Worth (/w/index.php?title=Amy_Worth&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Angela O'Farrell Hopper (/w/index.php?title=Angela_O%27Farrell_Hopper&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Angelina Martine (/w/index.php?title=Angelina_Martine&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mrs. Angelina Virginia Winkler (/wiki/Mrs._Angelina_Virginia_Winkler) (women of the century) Angelique Chauvin Beaulieu (/w/index.php?title=Angelique_Chauvin_Beaulieu&action=edit&redlink=1) https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=85045192 (https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=85045192) Ann Katherine Waring (/w/index.php?title=Ann_Katherine_Waring&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ann Reed Langstroth (/w/index.php?title=Ann_Reed_Langstroth&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ann Viola Neblett (/w/index.php?title=Ann_Viola_Neblett&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Ann Weaver Bradley (/w/index.php?title=Ann_Weaver_Bradley&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Anna A. Fisher (/w/index.php?title=Anna_A._Fisher&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Anna Augusta Truitt (/wiki/Anna_Augusta_Truitt) (women of the century) Anna B. Orton (/w/index.php?title=Anna_B._Orton&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Anna B. Smith (/w/index.php?title=Anna_B._Smith&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Anna Beecroft Briggs (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Beecroft_Briggs&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Anna Boley Garner (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Boley_Garner&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Anna Broady Haggard (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Broady_Haggard&action=edit&redlink=1) Anna Byford Leonard (/wiki/Anna_Byford_Leonard) (women of the century) Anna C Wait (/w/index.php?title=Anna_C_Wait&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Anna_C._Hedges Anna C. Hedges (/w/index.php?title=Anna_C._Hedges&action=edit&redlink=1) (Notable Women) Anna Campbell Palmer (/wiki/Anna_Campbell_Palmer) (women of the century) Anna Christy Fall (/wiki/Anna_Christy_Fall) (women of the century) Anna Elizabeth Stoddard (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Elizabeth_Stoddard&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Anna Elizabeth Treat (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Elizabeth_Treat&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Anna_Ellis_Reifsnider Anna Ellis Reifsnider (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Ellis_Reifsnider&action=edit&redlink=1) (Notable Women) Anna Gardner (/wiki/Anna_Gardner) (women of the century) Anna Graser Strothotte (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Graser_Strothotte&action=edit&redlink=1) Mrs. Strothotte was one of the founders of the St. Louis Philharmonic Society which had Sobolewski as a leader and of whose family some members are still living in St. Louis — Olga and Selika, a singer and teacher who gained quite a reputation in Europe. Mother of Maurice Arnold Strothotte (/wiki/Maurice_Arnold_Strothotte) . [3] (#cite_note-3) Anna H. Shaw (/wiki/Anna_H._Shaw) (women of the century) Anna Katharine Green Rohlfs (/wiki/Anna_Katharine_Green_Rohlfs) (women of the century) Anna L. Saylor (/wiki/Anna_L._Saylor) (Women of the West) Anna Leila Taylor (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Leila_Taylor&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Anna Livingston S. Morton (/wiki/Anna_Livingston_S._Morton) (women of the century) Anna Louise Tomlinson (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Louise_Tomlinson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Anna M. Coats (/w/index.php?title=Anna_M._Coats&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Anna M. Longshore Potts (/wiki/Anna_M._Longshore_Potts) (women of the century) Anna Madge Braden (/wiki/Anna_Madge_Braden) (women of the century) Anna Manning Comfort (/wiki/Anna_Manning_Comfort) (women of the century) Anna Margaret Beless (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Margaret_Beless&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Anna Maria Hood 1869 (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Maria_Hood_1869&action=edit&redlink=1) (Mrs. L.E. Hall) (Women of the West) https://www.mtholyoke.edu/~dalbino/letters/women/ahood.html (https://www.mtholyoke.edu/~dalbino/letters/women/ahood.html) Anna Maria Nichols Hammer (/wiki/Anna_Maria_Nichols_Hammer) (women of the century) Anna Mary Weyerhaeuser (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Mary_Weyerhaeuser&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Anna Matilda Larrabee (/wiki/Anna_Matilda_Larrabee) (women of the century) Anna Musselman Westover (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Musselman_Westover&action=edit&redlink=1) Mrs J. H. Westover(Women of the West) Anna Priscilla Risher (/wiki/Anna_Priscilla_Risher) (Women of the West) Anna Rankin Riggs (/wiki/Anna_Rankin_Riggs) (women of the century) Anna S. Larkin (/w/index.php?title=Anna_S._Larkin&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Anna Smeed Benjamin (/wiki/Anna_Smeed_Benjamin) (women of the century) Anna Sneed Cairns Anna Sneed Cairns (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Sneed_Cairns&action=edit&redlink=1) ( https://law.wustl.edu/Staff/Taylor/WOMEN/MOOFFMAN/mooff2/1stlib.htm (https://law.wustl.edu/Staff/Taylor/WOMEN/MOOFFMAN/mooff2/1stlib.htm) ) (Notable Women) Anna Vandegrift (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Vandegrift&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Anna Virginia Chatham Moore (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Virginia_Chatham_Moore&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Anna Warner Bailey (/wiki/Anna_Warner_Bailey) (women of the century) Anna Weed Prosser (/wiki/Anna_Weed_Prosser) (women of the century) Anne André Johnson Anne Andre Johnson (/w/index.php?title=Anne_Andre_Johnson&action=edit&redlink=1) ( https://law.wustl.edu/Staff/Taylor/WOMEN/MOOFFMAN/mooff2/1stlib.htm (https://law.wustl.edu/Staff/Taylor/WOMEN/MOOFFMAN/mooff2/1stlib.htm) ) Anne Bozeman Lyon (/wiki/Anne_Bozeman_Lyon) (women of the century) Anne Byrd Kennon (/w/index.php?title=Anne_Byrd_Kennon&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Anne D. Cooper (/w/index.php?title=Anne_D._Cooper&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Anne Fleming (died 1796) (/w/index.php?title=Anne_Fleming_(died_1796)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1723 - January 16, 1796) Anne Goza (/w/index.php?title=Anne_Goza&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Anne Gregory Ritter (/w/index.php?title=Anne_Gregory_Ritter&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Anne H. Giles (/w/index.php?title=Anne_H._Giles&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Anne Henriette Martin (/w/index.php?title=Anne_Henriette_Martin&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Fannie_Brown_Patrick,_Anne_Jennings_Kluegel,_Clelia_G._Mosher,_Mrs._B.F._Chappelle Anne Jennings Kluegel (/w/index.php?title=Anne_Jennings_Kluegel&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Anne L. Anderson (/w/index.php?title=Anne_L._Anderson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Anne M. Mulheron (/w/index.php?title=Anne_M._Mulheron&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Annie Cornelia Shaw (/wiki/Annie_Cornelia_Shaw) (women of the century) artist http://www.chicagohistoryfair.org/history-fair/history-fair-topics/subject-essays/chicago-women-history-topics.html (http://www.chicagohistoryfair.org/history-fair/history-fair-topics/subject-essays/chicago-women-history-topics.html) Annie Fillmore Sheardown (/w/index.php?title=Annie_Fillmore_Sheardown&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mariana_Bertola,_Carrie_Jacobs-Bond,_May_Showler_Groves,_Minna_McGauley,_Maud_Wilde,_Jeanette_Lawrence,_Miriam_Van_Waters,_David_Starr_Jordan,_Annie_Florence_Brown,_Gertrude_Atherton Annie Florence Brown (/w/index.php?title=Annie_Florence_Brown&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Annie Jennesa Miller (/wiki/Annie_Jennesa_Miller) (women of the century) Annie L. Jack (/wiki/Annie_L._Jack) (women of the century) Annie_Laurie_Y._Orff Annie Laurie Y. Orff (/wiki/Annie_L._Y._Orff) (Notable Women) and (women of the century) Annie Little Barry (/w/index.php?title=Annie_Little_Barry&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Annie Louise Cary Raymond (/w/index.php?title=Annie_Louise_Cary_Raymond&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Annie Mottram Craig Batten (/w/index.php?title=Annie_Mottram_Craig_Batten&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Annie Pike Greenwood (/wiki/Annie_Pike_Greenwood) (Women of the West) Annie_Rooney_Knight Annie Rooney Knight (/w/index.php?title=Annie_Rooney_Knight&action=edit&redlink=1) (Notable Women) Annie Rothwell (/wiki/Annie_Rothwell) (women of the century) Annie S. E. Robertson (/w/index.php?title=Annie_S._E._Robertson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Annie Sherwood Hawks (/wiki/Annie_Sherwood_Hawks) (women of the century) Annie Virginia McCracken (/wiki/Annie_Virginia_McCracken) (women of the century) Annie Wall (/wiki/Annie_Wall) (women of the century) Anthony Blethyn Watson-Gandy (/w/index.php?title=Anthony_Blethyn_Watson-Gandy&action=edit&redlink=1) (June 29, 1919 – June 27, 1952) Antoinette B. Kinney (/w/index.php?title=Antoinette_B._Kinney&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Antoinette Wakeman (/wiki/Antoinette_Wakeman) (women of the century) Arabella Angelini (/w/index.php?title=Arabella_Angelini&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Arch Brown (/w/index.php?title=Arch_Brown&action=edit&redlink=1) (June 2, 1936 - September 3, 2012) Ardee Parsons Rochex (/w/index.php?title=Ardee_Parsons_Rochex&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Armenouhie Tashjian Lamson (/w/index.php?title=Armenouhie_Tashjian_Lamson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Armilla Amanda Cheney (/w/index.php?title=Armilla_Amanda_Cheney&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Arminta Victoria S. Haensler (/w/index.php?title=Arminta_Victoria_S._Haensler&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Artie Mason Carter (/w/index.php?title=Artie_Mason_Carter&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Artilissa Dorland Clark (/w/index.php?title=Artilissa_Dorland_Clark&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Atlanta Parker Satchwell (/w/index.php?title=Atlanta_Parker_Satchwell&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Augusta A. Fox Henderson (/w/index.php?title=Augusta_A._Fox_Henderson&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Augusta Gentsch (/w/index.php?title=Augusta_Gentsch&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Augusta Harvey Worthen (/wiki/Augusta_Harvey_Worthen) (women of the century) Augusta J. Chapin (/wiki/Augusta_J._Chapin) (women of the century) Augusta Louise Fraser (/w/index.php?title=Augusta_Louise_Fraser&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Augusta Merrill Hunt (/wiki/Augusta_Merrill_Hunt) (women of the century) Augusta W. Urquhart (/w/index.php?title=Augusta_W._Urquhart&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mrs. Augustus Wilson (/w/index.php?title=Mrs._Augustus_Wilson&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Aurelia A. Catland (/w/index.php?title=Aurelia_A._Catland&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Aurelia Litsner De Fere (/wiki/Aurelia_Litsner_De_Fere) (women of the century) Aurelia Roach (/w/index.php?title=Aurelia_Roach&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) E [ edit ] Edith Louise Russell (/w/index.php?title=Edith_Louise_Russell&action=edit&redlink=1) (June 12, 1879 - April 4, 1975) Sheba_Hargreaves,_Eva_Emery_Dye,_Anne_Shannon_Monroe,_Kay_Cleaver_Strahan,_Edith_Knight_Hill_(Marian_Miller) Edith Knight Hill (/w/index.php?title=Edith_Knight_Hill&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Edith N. Stanton (/w/index.php?title=Edith_N._Stanton&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) C._Louise_Boheringer,_Mattie_L._Williams,_Marie_Bartlett_Heard,_Margaret_Wheeler_Ross,_Edith_O._Kitt Edith O. Kitt (/wiki/Edith_O._Kitt) (Women of the West) PHOTO Edith Shaw Simons (/w/index.php?title=Edith_Shaw_Simons&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Edith Walker Maddux (/w/index.php?title=Edith_Walker_Maddux&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Edith Weir Van de Water (/w/index.php?title=Edith_Weir_Van_de_Water&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Edith Willis Linn (/wiki/Edith_Willis_Linn) (women of the century) Edith Wilson (attorney) (/w/index.php?title=Edith_Wilson_(attorney)&action=edit&redlink=1) https://sunnysidehistory.org/2017/01/12/laws-lies-and-lace-frills-san-franciscos-first-woman-prosecutor/ (https://sunnysidehistory.org/2017/01/12/laws-lies-and-lace-frills-san-franciscos-first-woman-prosecutor/) Edna Clauton Gillespie (/w/index.php?title=Edna_Clauton_Gillespie&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Edna Covert Plumber (/w/index.php?title=Edna_Covert_Plumber&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Edna Dow Cheney (/wiki/Edna_Dow_Cheney) (women of the century) Edna E. Christofferson (/w/index.php?title=Edna_E._Christofferson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Edna F. Johns (/w/index.php?title=Edna_F._Johns&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Edna_Fern Edna Fern (/w/index.php?title=Edna_Fern&action=edit&redlink=1) Mrs. Fernande Richter (Notable Women) Edna H. Johnston (/w/index.php?title=Edna_H._Johnston&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Edna Ida Gray (/w/index.php?title=Edna_Ida_Gray&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Edna Josephine Wilson-Olive (/w/index.php?title=Edna_Josephine_Wilson-Olive&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Edna M. Hargreaves (/w/index.php?title=Edna_M._Hargreaves&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Edna M. Hawthorne (/w/index.php?title=Edna_M._Hawthorne&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Edna Sterrett (/w/index.php?title=Edna_Sterrett&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Edna Wahlert (/w/index.php?title=Edna_Wahlert&action=edit&redlink=1) ( https://potterswheel.omeka.net/biographies (https://potterswheel.omeka.net/biographies) ) Mrs. Edward H. East (/wiki/Mrs._Edward_H._East) (women of the century) Edward I. R. Jennings (/w/index.php?title=Edward_I._R._Jennings&action=edit&redlink=1) (May 16, 1898 – May 7, 1929) Edward T. Adams (/w/index.php?title=Edward_T._Adams&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Edwin Aldridge (/w/index.php?title=Edwin_Aldridge&action=edit&redlink=1) (November 24, 1929 – August 10, 1997) Mrs. Edwin S. Thomas (/w/index.php?title=Mrs._Edwin_S._Thomas&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Edyth Phelps Merickel (/w/index.php?title=Edyth_Phelps_Merickel&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Edythe Mitchell Bissell (/w/index.php?title=Edythe_Mitchell_Bissell&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Effie Belle McFadden (/w/index.php?title=Effie_Belle_McFadden&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Effie E. McCollum (/w/index.php?title=Effie_E._McCollum&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Effie Louise Hoffman Rogers (/wiki/Effie_Louise_Hoffman_Rogers) (women of the century) Eileen Bride Thorburn (/w/index.php?title=Eileen_Bride_Thorburn&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elaine Anderson Dudley (/w/index.php?title=Elaine_Anderson_Dudley&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Eleanor Ann Symmes (/w/index.php?title=Eleanor_Ann_Symmes&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Eleanor B. Parkes (/w/index.php?title=Eleanor_B._Parkes&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Eleanor Boyle E. Sherman (/wiki/Eleanor_Boyle_E._Sherman) (women of the century) Eleanor Brennan Plummer (/w/index.php?title=Eleanor_Brennan_Plummer&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Eleanor Cecilia Donnelly (/wiki/Eleanor_Cecilia_Donnelly) (women of the century) Eleanor Churchill Gibbs (/wiki/Eleanor_Churchill_Gibbs) (women of the century) Eleanor Germo (/w/index.php?title=Eleanor_Germo&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Eleanor Hammack Northcross (/w/index.php?title=Eleanor_Hammack_Northcross&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Eleanor Hitt (/w/index.php?title=Eleanor_Hitt&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Eleanor Margaret Barnes (/w/index.php?title=Eleanor_Margaret_Barnes&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Eleanor Marston (/w/index.php?title=Eleanor_Marston&action=edit&redlink=1) https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13725560/great_falls_tribune/ (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/13725560/great_falls_tribune/) Eleanor Miller (educator) (/w/index.php?title=Eleanor_Miller_(educator)&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Eleanor Morgan Virden (/w/index.php?title=Eleanor_Morgan_Virden&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Electa Amanda Johnson (/wiki/Electa_Amanda_Johnson) (women of the century) Electa Noble Lincoln Walton (/wiki/Electa_Noble_Lincoln_Walton) (women of the century) Elfie Asenath Mosse (/w/index.php?title=Elfie_Asenath_Mosse&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elfreda Louise Newport (/w/index.php?title=Elfreda_Louise_Newport&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Elia Goode Byington (/wiki/Elia_Goode_Byington) (women of the century) Elisabeth Lee Buckingham (/w/index.php?title=Elisabeth_Lee_Buckingham&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elisabeth Mayer (/w/index.php?title=Elisabeth_Mayer&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elisabeth Sara Benton (/w/index.php?title=Elisabeth_Sara_Benton&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elise J. Blattner Elise J. Blattner (/wiki/Elise_J._Blattner) (Notable Women) Eliza A. Garner (/w/index.php?title=Eliza_A._Garner&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Eliza B. Burnz (/wiki/Eliza_B._Burnz) (women of the century) Eliza_Buckely_Ingalls Eliza Buckely Ingalls (/wiki/Eliza_B._Ingalls) (women of the century) and (Notable Women) Eliza C. Morgan Hendricks (/wiki/Eliza_C._Morgan_Hendricks) (women of the century) Eliza Downing Albright (/w/index.php?title=Eliza_Downing_Albright&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Eliza Ferry Leary (/w/index.php?title=Eliza_Ferry_Leary&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Eliza Franklin Routt (/wiki/Eliza_Franklin_Routt) (women of the century) Eliza J. Nicholson (/wiki/Eliza_J._Nicholson) (women of the century) Eliza J. Thompson (/wiki/Eliza_J._Thompson) (women of the century) Eliza Read Sunderland (/wiki/Eliza_Read_Sunderland) (women of the century) Eliza Tupper Wilkes (/wiki/Eliza_Tupper_Wilkes) (women of the century) Elizabeth Abbott Garber (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Abbott_Garber&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Adams Gundrum (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Adams_Gundrum&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Arnold Stone (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Arnold_Stone&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Augusta S. Russell (/wiki/Elizabeth_Augusta_S._Russell) (women of the century) Elizabeth B. Drake (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_B._Drake&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth B. Fairbanks (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_B._Fairbanks&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Elizabeth B. Hardee (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_B._Hardee&action=edit&redlink=1) [8] (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/16995324/st_louis_postdispatch/) Elizabeth B. Thelberg (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_B._Thelberg&action=edit&redlink=1) ( https://digitallibrary.vassar.edu/islandora/object/vassar:31866/datastream/PDF/view (https://digitallibrary.vassar.edu/islandora/object/vassar:31866/datastream/PDF/view) ) Elizabeth Baker Bohan (/wiki/Elizabeth_Baker_Bohan) (women of the century) Elizabeth Balderston (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Balderston&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Barstow Stoddard (/wiki/Elizabeth_Barstow_Stoddard) (women of the century) Elizabeth C. Bunnell Read (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_C._Bunnell_Read&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Elizabeth Cameron (/wiki/Elizabeth_Cameron) (women of the century) Elizabeth Catharine Keller (/wiki/Elizabeth_Catharine_Keller) (women of the century) Elizabeth Cloud Miller (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cloud_Miller&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Cumings Pierce (/wiki/Elizabeth_Cumings_Pierce) (women of the century) Elizabeth Cumings (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cumings&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Elizabeth Dayton (/wiki/Elizabeth_Dayton) (women of the century) Elizabeth De Ceu Hole (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_De_Ceu_Hole&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Engler (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Engler&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Fox De Cou (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Fox_De_Cou&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Goadby Gregory (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Goadby_Gregory&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Elizabeth Gray Potter (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Gray_Potter&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth H. Morford (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_H._Morford&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Heinline (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Heinline&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth J. Holcombe (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_J._Holcombe&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Elizabeth J. Smith (/wiki/Elizabeth_J._Smith) (women of the century) Elizabeth Kenyon Owen (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Kenyon_Owen&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth L. Cunnyngham (/wiki/Elizabeth_L._Cunnyngham) (women of the century) Elizabeth L. Kenney (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_L._Kenney&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Langworthy (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Langworthy&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Elizabeth Lee Shepherd (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Lee_Shepherd&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Lowe Watson (/wiki/Elizabeth_Lowe_Watson) (women of the century) Elizabeth M. Lum (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_M._Lum&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Martha Olmsted (/wiki/Elizabeth_Martha_Olmsted) (women of the century) Elizabeth Mason (/wiki/Elizabeth_Mason) (Women of the West) Elizabeth McCabe Gilmore (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_McCabe_Gilmore&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Mills Crothers (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Mills_Crothers&action=edit&redlink=1) Who's who among the women of California Elizabeth Olsen (book reviewer) (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Olsen_(book_reviewer)&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Otis Dannelly (/wiki/Elizabeth_Otis_Dannelly) (women of the century) Elizabeth P. Bonaparte (/wiki/Elizabeth_P._Bonaparte) (women of the century) Elizabeth P. Gordon (/wiki/Elizabeth_P._Gordon) (women of the century) Elizabeth Pease Jones (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Pease_Jones&action=edit&redlink=1) Mrs. Seymour Jones (Women of the West) http://newsfeed.rootsweb.com/th/read/PEASE/2000-03/0953576251 (https://newsfeed.rootsweb.com/th/read/PEASE/2000-03/0953576251) Elizabeth R. Bream (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_R._Bream&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Rowell Thompson (/wiki/Elizabeth_Rowell_Thompson) (women of the century) Elizabeth Sargent (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Sargent&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Seymour (publicist) (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Seymour_(publicist)&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Simpson (piano teacher) (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Simpson_(piano_teacher)&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Spalding (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Spalding&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Stevens Singletary (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Stevens_Singletary&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Syle Madison (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Syle_Madison&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Turner Fry (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Turner_Fry&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Elizabeth U. Yates (/wiki/Elizabeth_U._Yates) (women of the century) Elizabeth W. Jensen (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_W._Jensen&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth W. Russell Lord (/wiki/Elizabeth_W._Russell_Lord) (women of the century) Elizabeth Wedgwood Lymbery (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Wedgwood_Lymbery&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Willis DeHuff (/wiki/Elizabeth_Willis_DeHuff) (Women of the West) Elizabeth Willison Stephen (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Willison_Stephen&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Ella A. Giles (/wiki/Ella_A._Giles) (women of the century) Ella Augusta Bigelow (/wiki/Ella_Augusta_Bigelow) (women of the century) Ella Bagnell Kendrick (/wiki/Ella_Bagnell_Kendrick) (women of the century) Ella Clara Sabin (/w/index.php?title=Ella_Clara_Sabin&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Ella Dare (/w/index.php?title=Ella_Dare&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Ella F. Knox Parrish (/w/index.php?title=Ella_F._Knox_Parrish&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ella Frances Braman (/wiki/Ella_Frances_Braman) (women of the century) Ella Hamilton Durley (/wiki/Ella_Hamilton_Durley) (women of the century) Eva J. Stahl and Ella J. Noel Ella J. Noel (/w/index.php?title=Ella_J._Noel&action=edit&redlink=1) [9] (http://iagenweb.org/warren/gallery/simpsongrads1901.jpg) Ella L. Knowles (/wiki/Ella_L._Knowles) (women of the century) Ella Loraine Dorsey (/wiki/Ella_Loraine_Dorsey) (women of the century) Ella M. Doane (/w/index.php?title=Ella_M._Doane&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ella M. Hoye (/w/index.php?title=Ella_M._Hoye&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ella M. Hoye (/w/index.php?title=Ella_M._Hoye&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ella May Bennett (/w/index.php?title=Ella_May_Bennett&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Ella Maynard Kelley (/w/index.php?title=Ella_Maynard_Kelley&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Ella McMunn (/w/index.php?title=Ella_McMunn&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ella Seaver Owen (/wiki/Ella_Seaver_Owen) (women of the century) Ella Sturtevant Webb (/w/index.php?title=Ella_Sturtevant_Webb&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Ellen A. Dayton Blair (/wiki/Ellen_A._Dayton_Blair) (women of the century) Ellen Alida Rose (/wiki/Ellen_Alida_Rose) (women of the century) Ellen Annette Martin (/w/index.php?title=Ellen_Annette_Martin&action=edit&redlink=1) lawyer http://www.chicagohistoryfair.org/history-fair/history-fair-topics/subject-essays/chicago-women-history-topics.html (http://www.chicagohistoryfair.org/history-fair/history-fair-topics/subject-essays/chicago-women-history-topics.html) Ellen Douglas Morris (/w/index.php?title=Ellen_Douglas_Morris&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Ellen Frances Cornell (/w/index.php?title=Ellen_Frances_Cornell&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Ellen Gardner Wilbur (/w/index.php?title=Ellen_Gardner_Wilbur&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ellen Hebden Thomas (/w/index.php?title=Ellen_Hebden_Thomas&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ellen M. Carpenter (/w/index.php?title=Ellen_M._Carpenter&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Ellen M. Gould (/w/index.php?title=Ellen_M._Gould&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Ellen Maria Watson (/w/index.php?title=Ellen_Maria_Watson&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Ellen Oliver Van Fleet (/wiki/Ellen_Oliver_Van_Fleet) (women of the century) Ellen_Osborn Ellen Osborn (/w/index.php?title=Ellen_Osborn&action=edit&redlink=1) (Notable Women) Ellen Sergeant Rude (/wiki/Ellen_Sergeant_Rude) (women of the century) Ellen Smith Tupper (/wiki/Ellen_Smith_Tupper) (women of the century) Ellene Alce Bailey (/w/index.php?title=Ellene_Alce_Bailey&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Elmina M. Roys Gavitt (/wiki/Elmina_M._Roys_Gavitt) (women of the century) Elmira Y. Howard (/wiki/Elmira_Y._Howard) (women of the century) Elsa S. McGinn (/w/index.php?title=Elsa_S._McGinn&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elsie Burr Ogden (/w/index.php?title=Elsie_Burr_Ogden&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Elsie K. Wilcox (/w/index.php?title=Elsie_K._Wilcox&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emanuel Mountz Zeigler, Jr. (/w/index.php?title=Emanuel_Mountz_Zeigler,_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1) (April 18, 1951 – December 22, 2009) Emelia Benic Serrano (/w/index.php?title=Emelia_Benic_Serrano&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Emelie T. Y. Swett Parkhurst (/w/index.php?title=Emelie_T._Y._Swett_Parkhurst&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Emeline Harriet Howe (/wiki/Emeline_Harriet_Howe) (women of the century) Emilie Henry Burcham (/w/index.php?title=Emilie_Henry_Burcham&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emilie M. Skoe (/w/index.php?title=Emilie_M._Skoe&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emily C Rayner (/w/index.php?title=Emily_C_Rayner&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Emily Caroline C Hodgin (/w/index.php?title=Emily_Caroline_C_Hodgin&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Emily D. Wilkie (/w/index.php?title=Emily_D._Wilkie&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emily Dwight Latham (/w/index.php?title=Emily_Dwight_Latham&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emily Fluellin Bolcom (/w/index.php?title=Emily_Fluellin_Bolcom&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emily Gillmore Alden (/wiki/Emily_Gillmore_Alden) (women of the century) Emily_Grant_Hutchings Emily Grant Hutchings (/w/index.php?title=Emily_Grant_Hutchings&action=edit&redlink=1) (Notable Women) Emily H. McGary Selinger (/wiki/Emily_H._McGary_Selinger) (women of the century) Emily H.Jennings Stowe (/wiki/Emily_H.Jennings_Stowe) (women of the century) Emily Julian McManus (/wiki/Emily_Julian_McManus) (women of the century) Emily K. Rafferty (/w/index.php?title=Emily_K._Rafferty&action=edit&redlink=1) , former president Metropolitan Museum of Art Emily L. Goodrich Smith (/wiki/Emily_L._Goodrich_Smith) (women of the century) Emily Lee Sherwood (/wiki/Emily_Lee_Sherwood) (women of the century) Emily Lemoine Loveridge (/w/index.php?title=Emily_Lemoine_Loveridge&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emily M. Bruen (/w/index.php?title=Emily_M._Bruen&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emily M. Coe (/wiki/Emily_M._Coe) (women of the century) Emily M. J. Cooley (/wiki/Emily_M._J._Cooley) (women of the century) Emily Maria Scott (/wiki/Emily_Maria_Scott) (women of the century) Emily Mulkin Bishop (/wiki/Emily_Mulkin_Bishop) (women of the century) Emily Oothout Lamb (/w/index.php?title=Emily_Oothout_Lamb&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emily Parmely Collins (/wiki/Emily_Parmely_Collins) (women of the century) Emily Pitt Stevens (/wiki/Emily_Pitt_Stevens) (women of the century) Emily St. John Bouton (/wiki/Emily_St._John_Bouton) (women of the century) Emily Watkins Wakefield (/w/index.php?title=Emily_Watkins_Wakefield&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Emily Whitfield C Bellamy (/w/index.php?title=Emily_Whitfield_C_Bellamy&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Emily Woodruff (philanthropist) (/w/index.php?title=Emily_Woodruff_(philanthropist)&action=edit&redlink=1) (February 19, 1913 – February 21, 1994) Emma A. Cranmer (/wiki/Emma_A._Cranmer) (women of the century) Emma Atwood Edwards (/w/index.php?title=Emma_Atwood_Edwards&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Emma Bedelia Dunham (/wiki/Emma_Bedelia_Dunham) (women of the century) Emma Bourne (/wiki/Emma_Bourne) (women of the century) Emma Coldiron (/w/index.php?title=Emma_Coldiron&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emma D. E. N. Southworth (/wiki/Emma_D._E._N._Southworth) (women of the century) Emma Diehm Pratt (/w/index.php?title=Emma_Diehm_Pratt&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emma Elizabeth Brown (/wiki/Emma_Elizabeth_Brown) (women of the century) Emma F. Angell Drake (/w/index.php?title=Emma_F._Angell_Drake&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emma Hahr (/w/index.php?title=Emma_Hahr&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Emma Howard Wight (/wiki/Emma_Howard_Wight) (women of the century) Emma Human Thayer (/w/index.php?title=Emma_Human_Thayer&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Emma Huntington Nason (/wiki/Emma_Huntington_Nason) (women of the century) Emma L. Reed (/w/index.php?title=Emma_L._Reed&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emma Lee Benedict (/wiki/Emma_Lee_Benedict) (women of the century) Emma Lindsay Squier (/w/index.php?title=Emma_Lindsay_Squier&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emma Loeffler de Zaruba (/w/index.php?title=Emma_Loeffler_de_Zaruba&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emma M. Connelly (/w/index.php?title=Emma_M._Connelly&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Emma M. McLaughlin (/w/index.php?title=Emma_M._McLaughlin&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emma Maitland Stirling (/wiki/Emma_Maitland_Stirling) (women of the century) Emma May Alexander Reinertsen (/wiki/Emma_May_Alexander_Reinertsen) (women of the century) Emma McAvoy (/w/index.php?title=Emma_McAvoy&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Emma Nevada Loftus (/w/index.php?title=Emma_Nevada_Loftus&action=edit&redlink=1) http://www.daytonnvhistory.org/docentn201306.pdf (http://www.daytonnvhistory.org/docentn201306.pdf) Emma P. Chadwick (/w/index.php?title=Emma_P._Chadwick&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emma Pow Smith (/wiki/Emma_Pow_Smith) (women of the century) Emma R. Alrich (/w/index.php?title=Emma_R._Alrich&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Emma R. Steiner (/w/index.php?title=Emma_R._Steiner&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Emma Russell Yearian (/w/index.php?title=Emma_Russell_Yearian&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emma S. Van Wagenen (/w/index.php?title=Emma_S._Van_Wagenen&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emma S. W. Stokes (/w/index.php?title=Emma_S._W._Stokes&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Emma Shaw (/wiki/Emma_Shaw) (women of the century) Emma Toussaint (/w/index.php?title=Emma_Toussaint&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Emma V. Sheridan Fry (/wiki/Emma_V._Sheridan_Fry) (women of the century) Emma V. Sheridan (/w/index.php?title=Emma_V._Sheridan&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Emma Winner Rogers (/wiki/Emma_Winner_Rogers) (women of the century) Emma Wixon Nevada (/wiki/Emma_Wixon_Nevada) (women of the century) Emma Wolf (/wiki/Emma_Wolf) (Women of the West) Emmy von der Hoya (/w/index.php?title=Emmy_von_der_Hoya&action=edit&redlink=1) Another successful St. Louisan was Emmy von der Hoya, who married Mr. Schultz, of the Boston Quintet Club, and whose son, Amadeus, at the age of seven years, was a wonderful violinist. When nine years of age he played in the Kaiser Saal before the King and a most critical audience. Although this privilege was not usually granted to children as prodigies, yet this boy was received on account of his mature work in spite of his youth. [4] (#cite_note-4) Eric Oliver (conscientious objector) (/w/index.php?title=Eric_Oliver_(conscientious_objector)&action=edit&redlink=1) (October 6, 1914 - April 1, 1995) http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-eric-oliver-1614132.html (http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-eric-oliver-1614132.html) Erik Mortensen (/wiki/Erik_Mortensen) (April 26, 1926 - June 23, 1998) Erna Pallat Triplett (/w/index.php?title=Erna_Pallat_Triplett&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ernestine Hebert Stevens (/w/index.php?title=Ernestine_Hebert_Stevens&action=edit&redlink=1) Mrs. E. H. Stevens (women of the century), wife of Walter Husted Stevens, born 1827 ( https://books.google.it/books?id=LLPqCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT43 (https://books.google.it/books?id=LLPqCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT43) and https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=10056 (https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=10056) ), sister of Louis Hébert (Confederate Army officer) (/wiki/Louis_H%C3%A9bert_(Confederate_Army_officer)) Essie L. Elliott (/w/index.php?title=Essie_L._Elliott&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Estella Smith Mulliner (/w/index.php?title=Estella_Smith_Mulliner&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Estelle Aubrey Brown (/w/index.php?title=Estelle_Aubrey_Brown&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Estelle Reel Meyer (/w/index.php?title=Estelle_Reel_Meyer&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Esther B. Steele (/wiki/Esther_B._Steele) (women of the century) Esther E. Baldwin (/wiki/Esther_E._Baldwin) (women of the century) Esther Fleming (/w/index.php?title=Esther_Fleming&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Esther Gordon Frame (/wiki/Esther_Gordon_Frame) (women of the century) Esther Housh (/wiki/Esther_Housh) (women of the century) Esther J. Trimble Lippincott (/wiki/Esther_J._Trimble_Lippincott) (women of the century) Esther Rainbolt Goodrich (/w/index.php?title=Esther_Rainbolt_Goodrich&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary_Davenport_Engberg,_Bertha_Knight_Landes,_Esther_Stark_Maltby,_Mary_J._Elmendorf,_Esther_Shepard,_Alice_D._Engley_Beek,_Ruth_Karr_McKee Esther Shephard (/wiki/Esther_Shephard) (Women of the West) PHOTO Mary_Davenport_Engberg,_Bertha_Knight_Landes,_Esther_Stark_Maltby,_Mary_J._Elmendorf,_Esther_Shepard,_Alice_D._Engley_Beek,_Ruth_Karr_McKee Esther Stark Maltby (/w/index.php?title=Esther_Stark_Maltby&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West PHOTO Esther Tuttle Pritchard (/wiki/Esther_Tuttle_Pritchard) (women of the century) Esther W. Taylor (/wiki/Esther_W._Taylor) (women of the century) Esto Broughton (/wiki/Esto_Broughton) (Women of the West) Ethel Emily Redfield (/w/index.php?title=Ethel_Emily_Redfield&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Ethel Hillyer Harris (/wiki/Ethel_Hillyer_Harris) (women of the century) Ethel Louise Turner (/w/index.php?title=Ethel_Louise_Turner&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ethel Oakman Parsons (/w/index.php?title=Ethel_Oakman_Parsons&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ethel Stoner (/w/index.php?title=Ethel_Stoner&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ethelean Tyson Gaw (/w/index.php?title=Ethelean_Tyson_Gaw&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ethelwyn Mills (/w/index.php?title=Ethelwyn_Mills&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Ethelyn F. Perkins (/w/index.php?title=Ethelyn_F._Perkins&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Etta Miller (/w/index.php?title=Etta_Miller&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Eudora Stone Bumstead (/wiki/Eudora_Stone_Bumstead) (women of the century) Eugene David Glynn (/wiki/Eugene_David_Glynn) ( http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9905E2D9173AF937A15756C0A9619C8B63 (http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9905E2D9173AF937A15756C0A9619C8B63) ) Eugene Polyakov (/w/index.php?title=Eugene_Polyakov&action=edit&redlink=1) (April 27, 1943 – October 25, 1996) Eugenia Steele Campbell (/w/index.php?title=Eugenia_Steele_Campbell&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Eugenie Dussuchal (/w/index.php?title=Eugenie_Dussuchal&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Eugenie Pappenheim (/wiki/Eugenie_Pappenheim) (women of the century) Eugenie S. Birkholz (/w/index.php?title=Eugenie_S._Birkholz&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Eula Howard Nunan (/w/index.php?title=Eula_Howard_Nunan&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Euna Pearl Burke (/w/index.php?title=Euna_Pearl_Burke&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Euphemia Johnson Richmond (/wiki/Euphemia_Johnson_Richmond) (women of the century) Euphenia Clark (/w/index.php?title=Euphenia_Clark&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Euphenia Vale Blake (/wiki/Euphenia_Vale_Blake) (women of the century) Eva Best (/wiki/Eva_Best) (women of the century) Eva Craig Graves Doughty (/wiki/Eva_Craig_Graves_Doughty) (women of the century) Eva Griffith Thompson (/wiki/Eva_Griffith_Thompson) (women of the century) Eva Hunt Dockery (/w/index.php?title=Eva_Hunt_Dockery&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Eva J. Stahl and Ella J. Noel Eva J. Stahl (/w/index.php?title=Eva_J._Stahl&action=edit&redlink=1) [10] (http://iagenweb.org/warren/gallery/simpsongrads1901.jpg) Eva Katherine Clapp Gibson (/wiki/Eva_Katherine_Clapp_Gibson) (women of the century) Eva Kinney Griffith (/wiki/Eva_Kinney_Griffith) (women of the century) Eva Kollisch (/wiki/Eva_Kollisch) ( http://findingaids.cjh.org/?pID=162136 (http://findingaids.cjh.org/?pID=162136) ) Eva Mains Carlow (/w/index.php?title=Eva_Mains_Carlow&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Eva Munson Smith (/wiki/Eva_Munson_Smith) (women of the century) Eva Sweany Eddy (/w/index.php?title=Eva_Sweany_Eddy&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Evaleen Stein (/wiki/Evaleen_Stein) (women of the century) Evalyn A. Bentley (/w/index.php?title=Evalyn_A._Bentley&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Evangeline Jordon (/w/index.php?title=Evangeline_Jordon&action=edit&redlink=1) https://books.google.it/books?id=7Jp5CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA79 (https://books.google.it/books?id=7Jp5CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA79) Evangeline Ling Voss (/w/index.php?title=Evangeline_Ling_Voss&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Eve Emma Standrod (/w/index.php?title=Eve_Emma_Standrod&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Eve Emma Standrod (Van Warmer), Birthdate: 4 Marzo 1849 (96), Birthplace: New York, Death: 24 Gennaio 1946 (96), Pocatello, Bannock County, Idaho, Luogo di sepoltura: Pocatello, Bannock County, Idaho, Parenti stretti: Figlia di John Cornelius Van Wormer e Nancy Van Wormer, Moglie di Judge Drew William Standrod, Mamma di Drew William Standrod, Jr. Eve Richardson (/w/index.php?title=Eve_Richardson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Evelyn Campbell (/wiki/Evelyn_Campbell) (women of the century) Evelyn Corthell Hill (/w/index.php?title=Evelyn_Corthell_Hill&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Evelyn M. De Jarnette (/wiki/Evelyn_M._De_Jarnette) (women of the century) Evelyn Magruder Jarnette (/w/index.php?title=Evelyn_Magruder_Jarnette&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Evelyn Melvin (/w/index.php?title=Evelyn_Melvin&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Evelyn Volmer Champlin (/w/index.php?title=Evelyn_Volmer_Champlin&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Everett Lysle Boyer (/w/index.php?title=Everett_Lysle_Boyer&action=edit&redlink=1) (October 7, 1927 – August 31, 1998) M [ edit ] Mabel Frazer (/w/index.php?title=Mabel_Frazer&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mabel Gray Potter (/w/index.php?title=Mabel_Gray_Potter&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mabel Inness (/w/index.php?title=Mabel_Inness&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mabel J. Arthur (/w/index.php?title=Mabel_J._Arthur&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mabel Louise Mills (/w/index.php?title=Mabel_Louise_Mills&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mabel McKinlay Hopkins (/w/index.php?title=Mabel_McKinlay_Hopkins&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mabel O. Wires Robbe (/w/index.php?title=Mabel_O._Wires_Robbe&action=edit&redlink=1) (1907 - October 28, 1986) Mabel Rainsferd Haines (/w/index.php?title=Mabel_Rainsferd_Haines&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mabel Slade Vickery (/w/index.php?title=Mabel_Slade_Vickery&action=edit&redlink=1) educator http://www.chicagohistoryfair.org/history-fair/history-fair-topics/subject-essays/chicago-women-history-topics.html (http://www.chicagohistoryfair.org/history-fair/history-fair-topics/subject-essays/chicago-women-history-topics.html) Mabel Weed (/w/index.php?title=Mabel_Weed&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) (June 6, 1871–November 17, 1957) Mabel Zoe Wilson (/w/index.php?title=Mabel_Zoe_Wilson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mabelle McConnel Allen (/w/index.php?title=Mabelle_McConnel_Allen&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mable Holmes Parsons (/w/index.php?title=Mable_Holmes_Parsons&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mae A. English (/w/index.php?title=Mae_A._English&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mae D. Oren (/w/index.php?title=Mae_D._Oren&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Magdalene Isadora La Grange (/wiki/Magdalene_Isadora_La_Grange) (women of the century) Maggie_Smith_Hathaway,_Alma_Margaret_Higgins,_Irene_Welch_Grissom,_Ethel_Redfield,_Alma_E._Plumb,_Letitia_H._Erb,_Mrs._Bernard_McHugh,_Catherine_E._Van_Valkeburg Maggie Smith Hathaway (/wiki/Maggie_Smith_Hathaway) (Women of the West) PHOTO Mandana Coleman Thorp (/wiki/Mandana_Coleman_Thorp) (women of the century) Marc Rubin (/wiki/Marc_Rubin) (April 2, 1932 - February 28, 2007) Marcus W. Robbins (/w/index.php?title=Marcus_W._Robbins&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marea Wood Jefferis (/w/index.php?title=Marea_Wood_Jefferis&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Margaret Abigail Cleaves (/wiki/Margaret_Abigail_Cleaves) (women of the century) Margaret Adelaide Arnold (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Adelaide_Arnold&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Margaret Anderson Watts (/wiki/Margaret_Anderson_Watts) (women of the century) Margaret Bean (writer) (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Bean_(writer)&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Margaret Bloodgood Peeke (/wiki/Margaret_Bloodgood_Peeke) (women of the century) Margaret Bondurant (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Bondurant&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Margaret C. Ruoff (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_C._Ruoff&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Margaret E. Foley (/wiki/Margaret_E._Foley) (women of the century) Margaret Eliza Schaffer (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Eliza_Schaffer&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Margaret Esther Rogers (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Esther_Rogers&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Margaret Goetz (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Goetz&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Margaret Holmes Bates (/wiki/Margaret_Holmes_Bates) (women of the century) Margaret Hunt Brisbane (/wiki/Margaret_Hunt_Brisbane) (women of the century) Margaret Isabelle Sandes (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Isabelle_Sandes&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Margaret J. Gagon (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_J._Gagon&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Margaret Manton Merrill (/wiki/Margaret_Manton_Merrill) (women of the century) Margaret McKittrick (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_McKittrick&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Margaret Messer Morris (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Messer_Morris&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Margaret P. Maw (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_P._Maw&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Margaret R. Wickens (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_R._Wickens&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Blanche_C._Grant,_Jennie_Fortune,_Margaret_Reeves,_Maude_Hancock_Prichard Margaret Reeves (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Reeves&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Margaret Rishel Sartori (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Rishel_Sartori&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Margaret Ruse (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Ruse&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Margaret Scott Turner (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Scott_Turner&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Margaret Thompson Hall (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Thompson_Hall&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Margaret_Tod_Ritter,_Virginia_D._McClurg,_Christine_Whiting_Parmenter,_Lillian_White_Spencer,_Nona_L._Brooks,_Agnes_Wright_Spring,_Millicent_H._Velhagen Margaret Tod Ritter (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Tod_Ritter&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Margaret Todt (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Todt&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Margaret Ward (treasurer) (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Ward_(treasurer)&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) C._Louise_Boheringer,_Mattie_L._Williams,_Marie_Bartlett_Heard,_Margaret_Wheeler_Ross,_Edith_O._Kitt Margaret Wheeler Ross (/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Wheeler_Ross&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Margaret Wynne Lawless (/wiki/Margaret_Wynne_Lawless) (women of the century) Marguerite Blake Wilbur (/w/index.php?title=Marguerite_Blake_Wilbur&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marguerite Lawrence Test (/w/index.php?title=Marguerite_Lawrence_Test&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marguerite Moore (/wiki/Marguerite_Moore) (women of the century) Marguerite Parsons Vorbeck (/w/index.php?title=Marguerite_Parsons_Vorbeck&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Maria Augusta Fairchild (/w/index.php?title=Maria_Augusta_Fairchild&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Maria B. Brooks Stafford (/w/index.php?title=Maria_B._Brooks_Stafford&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Maria Elise Turner Lauder (/wiki/Maria_Elise_Turner_Lauder) (women of the century) Maria_I._Johnston Maria I. Johnston (/wiki/Maria_I._Johnston) (women of the century) and (Notable Women) Maria Nys Huxley (/w/index.php?title=Maria_Nys_Huxley&action=edit&redlink=1) (September 10, 1898 – February 12, 1955) Maria Porter Brace (/wiki/Maria_Porter_Brace) (women of the century) Maria Porter Kimball (/w/index.php?title=Maria_Porter_Kimball&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Maria Straub (/wiki/Maria_Straub) (women of the century) Marian Folsom (/w/index.php?title=Marian_Folsom&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marian Huxoll Talmadge (/w/index.php?title=Marian_Huxoll_Talmadge&action=edit&redlink=1) Marian Tracie Whiting (/w/index.php?title=Marian_Tracie_Whiting&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marie Alamo Boden (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Alamo_Boden&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marie Alfonso (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Alfonso&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marie Aloysius Larkey (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Aloysius_Larkey&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marie Ames (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Ames&action=edit&redlink=1) ( https://law.wustl.edu/Staff/Taylor/WOMEN/MOOFFMAN/mooff2/league.htm (https://law.wustl.edu/Staff/Taylor/WOMEN/MOOFFMAN/mooff2/league.htm) ) Marie Augusta Oldham (/wiki/Marie_Augusta_Oldham) (women of the century) C._Louise_Boheringer,_Mattie_L._Williams,_Marie_Bartlett_Heard,_Margaret_Wheeler_Ross,_Edith_O._Kitt Marie Bartlett Heard (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Bartlett_Heard&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marie C. Thygeson (/w/index.php?title=Marie_C._Thygeson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marie Decca Johnston (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Decca_Johnston&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Marie Decca (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Decca&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Marie Ester Guzman (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Ester_Guzman&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Marie Harding Thurston (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Harding_Thurston&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marie Hicks Davidson (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Hicks_Davidson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marie Isabella Duffield Irvin (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Isabella_Duffield_Irvin&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marie L. Colwell (/w/index.php?title=Marie_L._Colwell&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marie Norris D'Albini (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Norris_D%27Albini&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marie Obenchain (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Obenchain&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marie Pernau Walsh (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Pernau_Walsh&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marie Richey Collins (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Richey_Collins&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marie Robinson Wright (/wiki/Marie_Robinson_Wright) (women of the century) Marie Saltus (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Saltus&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marie V. Lund (/w/index.php?title=Marie_V._Lund&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marie Wilson Beasley (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Wilson_Beasley&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Marietta Bosworth Willats (/w/index.php?title=Marietta_Bosworth_Willats&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marietta Conway Kennard (/w/index.php?title=Marietta_Conway_Kennard&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marietta E. Hughes (/w/index.php?title=Marietta_E._Hughes&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Marietta M. Bones (/wiki/Marietta_M._Bones) (women of the century) Marietta Stanley Case (/wiki/Marietta_Stanley_Case) (women of the century) Marion Babcock Baxter (/wiki/Marion_Babcock_Baxter) (women of the century) Marion Campbell Orr (/w/index.php?title=Marion_Campbell_Orr&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marion E. Knowlton Warner (/wiki/Marion_E._Knowlton_Warner) (women of the century) Marion Gordon (/w/index.php?title=Marion_Gordon&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marion Horton (/w/index.php?title=Marion_Horton&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marion Howard Dunham (/wiki/Marion_Howard_Dunham) (women of the century) Marion Kavanagh Wachtel (/w/index.php?title=Marion_Kavanagh_Wachtel&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marion Manville Pope (/wiki/Marion_Manville_Pope) (women of the century) Marion Munson Forrest (/w/index.php?title=Marion_Munson_Forrest&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Marion Todd (/w/index.php?title=Marion_Todd&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Marjory Paisley (/w/index.php?title=Marjory_Paisley&action=edit&redlink=1) http://www.montana.edu/mountainsandminds/2008/fall/women/index.php (http://www.montana.edu/mountainsandminds/2008/fall/women/index.php) Mark Lutz (died 1968) (/w/index.php?title=Mark_Lutz_(died_1968)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1901-1968) Marquise Clara Lanza (/wiki/Marquise_Clara_Lanza) (women of the century) Marrietta R. Sherman (/wiki/Marrietta_R._Sherman) (women of the century) Marrilla M Ricker (/wiki/Marrilla_M_Ricker) (women of the century) Martha B. O'Donnell (/wiki/Martha_B._O%27Donnell) (women of the century) Martha Capps Oliver (/wiki/Martha_Capps_Oliver) (women of the century) Martha D. Lincoln (/wiki/Martha_D._Lincoln) (women of the century) Martha E. Hotch Whitten (/w/index.php?title=Martha_E._Hotch_Whitten&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Martha E. Sewall Curtis (/wiki/Martha_E._Sewall_Curtis) (women of the century) Cora_M._Beach,_Helen_Norton_Stevens,_Lois_Randolph,_Reah_Whitehead,_Rachel_Fitch_Kent,_Martha_Edergton_Plassmann,_Minnie_F._Howard Martha Edgerton Plassmann (/w/index.php?title=Martha_Edgerton_Plassmann&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Martha Eleanor Loftin Wilson (/wiki/Martha_Eleanor_Loftin_Wilson) (women of the century) Martha Elvira Stone (/wiki/Martha_Elvira_Stone) (women of the century) Martha_H._Hoke Martha H. Hoke (/w/index.php?title=Martha_H._Hoke&action=edit&redlink=1) (Notable Women) Martha H. Mowry (/wiki/Martha_H._Mowry) (women of the century) Martha Joanna Lamb (/w/index.php?title=Martha_Joanna_Lamb&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Martha K. Sumbardo (/w/index.php?title=Martha_K._Sumbardo&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Martha L. Poland Thurston (/wiki/Martha_L._Poland_Thurston) (women of the century) Martha M. Frazier (/w/index.php?title=Martha_M._Frazier&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Martha Marie Elder (/w/index.php?title=Martha_Marie_Elder&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Martha Miles Jones (/w/index.php?title=Martha_Miles_Jones&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Martha Moulton W. Keezer (/w/index.php?title=Martha_Moulton_W._Keezer&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Martha Parmalee Rose (/wiki/Martha_Parmalee_Rose) (women of the century) Martha Pearson Smith (/wiki/Martha_Pearson_Smith) (women of the century) Martha Phillips (/w/index.php?title=Martha_Phillips&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Martha Reed Mitchell (/wiki/Martha_Reed_Mitchell) (women of the century) Martha Smith Taylor (/w/index.php?title=Martha_Smith_Taylor&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Martha Strickland (/w/index.php?title=Martha_Strickland&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Martha T. Sales (/w/index.php?title=Martha_T._Sales&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Martha Tracy Owler (/wiki/Martha_Tracy_Owler) (women of the century) Martha Violet Ball (/wiki/Martha_Violet_Ball) (women of the century) Martha Waldron Janes (/wiki/Martha_Waldron_Janes) (women of the century) Martha Wintermute (/wiki/Martha_Wintermute) (women of the century) Martha Young (/wiki/Martha_Young) (women of the century) Martia L. Davis Berry (/wiki/Martia_L._Davis_Berry) (women of the century) Martin Cohen (died 1995) (/w/index.php?title=Martin_Cohen_(died_1995)&action=edit&redlink=1) (February 11, 1926 - February 17, 1995) Marty Robinson (gay activist) (/wiki/Marty_Robinson_(gay_activist)) https://gaycenter.org/community/archive/collection/027 (https://gaycenter.org/community/archive/collection/027) ( https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marty_Robinson_(gay_activist)&redirect=no) (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marty_Robinson_(gay_activist)&redirect=no)) Mary A. Batterson (/w/index.php?title=Mary_A._Batterson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary A. Brinkman (/wiki/Mary_A._Brinkman) (women of the century) Mary A. Callaway (/w/index.php?title=Mary_A._Callaway&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary A. Cornelius (/wiki/Mary_A._Cornelius) (women of the century) Mary A. G. Dight (/wiki/Mary_A._G._Dight) (women of the century) Mary A. Greene (/w/index.php?title=Mary_A._Greene&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary A. Miller (/wiki/Mary_A._Miller) (women of the century) Mary A. Powers Filiey (/w/index.php?title=Mary_A._Powers_Filiey&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary A. Ripley (/wiki/Mary_A._Ripley) (women of the century) Mary A. Saunders (/w/index.php?title=Mary_A._Saunders&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary A. Van V. Townsend (/wiki/Mary_A._Van_V._Townsend) (women of the century) Mary A. Wray (/wiki/Mary_A._Wray) (women of the century) Mary Adaline E. Carter (/wiki/Mary_Adaline_E._Carter) (women of the century) Mary Agnes D. Bishop (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Agnes_D._Bishop&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Alderson Chandler (/wiki/Mary_Alderson_Chandler) (women of the century) Mary Alethea Woodward (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Alethea_Woodward&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Alice Dowd (/wiki/Mary_Alice_Dowd) (women of the century) Mary Anderson (Navarro) (/wiki/Mary_Anderson_(Navarro)) (women of the century) Mary Ann Thomas (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Ann_Thomas&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Anna Clara Geigus Coulter (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Anna_Clara_Geigus_Coulter&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Antoinette Hitchcock (/wiki/Mary_Antoinette_Hitchcock) (women of the century) Mary B. Myers (/w/index.php?title=Mary_B._Myers&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Babcock Atwater (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Babcock_Atwater&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Bassett Clarke (/wiki/Mary_Bassett_Clarke) (women of the century) Mary Beatrice Blankenship (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Beatrice_Blankenship&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Belle Smith (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Belle_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Blair Moody (/wiki/Mary_Blair_Moody) (women of the century) Mary Blatchley Briggs (/wiki/Mary_Blatchley_Briggs) (women of the century) Mary Brenhan Clapp (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Brenhan_Clapp&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Bynon Reese (/wiki/Mary_Bynon_Reese) (women of the century) Mary C Van Benschoten (/w/index.php?title=Mary_C_Van_Benschoten&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary_C._Dillon Mary C. Dillon (/w/index.php?title=Mary_C._Dillon&action=edit&redlink=1) (Notable Women) Mary C. F. Wood (/wiki/Mary_C._F._Wood) (women of the century) Mary C. Ferriter (/w/index.php?title=Mary_C._Ferriter&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary C. Franzman (/w/index.php?title=Mary_C._Franzman&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary_C._McCulloch Mary C. McCulloch (/w/index.php?title=Mary_C._McCulloch&action=edit&redlink=1) (Notable Women) Mary C. McLaughlin (/wiki/Mary_C._McLaughlin) (Women of the West) Mary Canfield Ballard (/wiki/Mary_Canfield_Ballard) (women of the century) Mary Carrington Miller (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Carrington_Miller&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Carroll Craig Bradford (/wiki/Mary_Carroll_Craig_Bradford) (women of the century) Mary Catharine Hickman (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Catharine_Hickman&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Clement Leavitt (/wiki/Mary_Clement_Leavitt) (women of the century) Mary Clemmer Hudson (/wiki/Mary_Clemmer_Hudson) (women of the century) Mary Cole Walling (/wiki/Mary_Cole_Walling) (women of the century) Mary Collins Whiting (/wiki/Mary_Collins_Whiting) (women of the century) Mary Cunningham Logan (/wiki/Mary_Cunningham_Logan) (women of the century) Mary Dart Skinner (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Dart_Skinner&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary_Dodds Mary Dodds (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Dodds&action=edit&redlink=1) ( https://law.wustl.edu/Staff/Taylor/WOMEN/MOOFFMAN/mooff2/1stlib.htm (https://law.wustl.edu/Staff/Taylor/WOMEN/MOOFFMAN/mooff2/1stlib.htm) ) (Notable Women) Mary E. C. Bancker (/wiki/Mary_E._C._Bancker) (women of the century) Mary E. Cardwill (/w/index.php?title=Mary_E._Cardwill&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary E. Gartin (/w/index.php?title=Mary_E._Gartin&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary E. Green (/wiki/Mary_E._Green) (women of the century) Mary E. Ireland (/wiki/Mary_E._Ireland) (women of the century) Mary E. Noyes (/w/index.php?title=Mary_E._Noyes&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary E. Smith Hayward (/wiki/Mary_E._Smith_Hayward) (women of the century) Mary E. Smith (/w/index.php?title=Mary_E._Smith&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary E. Stilson (/w/index.php?title=Mary_E._Stilson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary E. Ward (/w/index.php?title=Mary_E._Ward&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary E. Wilson (/w/index.php?title=Mary_E._Wilson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Elizabeth B. Lynde (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Elizabeth_B._Lynde&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Elizabeth Beauchamp (/wiki/Mary_Elizabeth_Beauchamp) (women of the century) Mary Elizabeth Perley (/wiki/Mary_Elizabeth_Perley) (women of the century) Mary Elizabeth Post (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Elizabeth_Post&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Elizabeth Sherwood (/wiki/Mary_Elizabeth_Sherwood) (women of the century) Mary Ella Hand Snow (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Ella_Hand_Snow&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Emerson Haven (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Emerson_Haven&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Emilie Cobb (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Emilie_Cobb&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Emily Bennett Coues (/wiki/Mary_Emily_Bennett_Coues) (women of the century) Mary Emma Holmes (/wiki/Mary_Emma_Holmes) (women of the century) Mary Evalin Warren (/wiki/Mary_Evalin_Warren) (women of the century) Mary Eveline Drake (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Eveline_Drake&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Everett (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Everett&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Farrand Rogers Miller (/wiki/Mary_Farrand_Rogers_Miller) (Women of the West) Mary Fickett (missionary) (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Fickett_(missionary)&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary_Fisher Mary Fisher (educator) (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Fisher_(educator)&action=edit&redlink=1) (Notable Women) Mary Fleischhauer Stark (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Fleischhauer_Stark&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Fleming Black (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Fleming_Black&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Fletcher Rogers (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Fletcher_Rogers&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Fletcher Wells (/wiki/Mary_Fletcher_Wells) (women of the century) Mary Florence Lathrop (/wiki/Mary_Florence_Lathrop) (Women of the West) Mary Frances Mooney (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Frances_Mooney&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Frances Scott Siddons (/wiki/Mary_Frances_Scott_Siddons) (women of the century) Mary Frances Tucker (/wiki/Mary_Frances_Tucker) (women of the century) Mary Frank Browne (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Frank_Browne&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Frost Ormsby (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Frost_Ormsby&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary G. Rose (/w/index.php?title=Mary_G._Rose&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Galentine Fenner (/wiki/Mary_Galentine_Fenner) (women of the century) Mary Gervais (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Gervais&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Godat Bellamy (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Godat_Bellamy&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Green Payson (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Green_Payson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Greene Blumenschein (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Greene_Blumenschein&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary H. Graves (/wiki/Mary_H._Graves) (women of the century) Mary H. Krout (/wiki/Mary_H._Krout) (women of the century) Mary Helen Peck Crane (/wiki/Mary_Helen_Peck_Crane) (women of the century) Mary Holloway Wilhite (/wiki/Mary_Holloway_Wilhite) (women of the century) Mary Hopkins Goodrich (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Hopkins_Goodrich&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Hurd Holbrook Knight (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Hurd_Holbrook_Knight&action=edit&redlink=1) Mrs. Samuel Knight (Women of the West) ch.ucpress.edu/content/ucpch/22/1/92.full.pdf Mary Ingram Stille (/wiki/Mary_Ingram_Stille) (women of the century) Mary Irene Clark Dye (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Irene_Clark_Dye&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary J. Crawford (/w/index.php?title=Mary_J._Crawford&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary J. Dunlap (/w/index.php?title=Mary_J._Dunlap&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary_Davenport_Engberg,_Bertha_Knight_Landes,_Esther_Stark_Maltby,_Mary_J._Elmendorf,_Esther_Shepard,_Alice_D._Engley_Beek,_Ruth_Karr_McKee Mary J. Elmendorf (/w/index.php?title=Mary_J._Elmendorf&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Mary J. Lawson (/wiki/Mary_J._Lawson) (women of the century) Mary J. Scarlett Dixon (/wiki/Mary_J._Scarlett_Dixon) (women of the century) Mary Jane Aldrich (/wiki/Mary_Jane_Aldrich) (women of the century) Mary Jane Canter (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Jane_Canter&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Jane Carlisle (/wiki/Mary_Jane_Carlisle) (women of the century) Mary Jane Shelley (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Jane_Shelley&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Jordan Edwards (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Jordan_Edwards&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary K. Buck (/wiki/Mary_K._Buck) (women of the century) Mary Kavanaugh Eagle (/wiki/Mary_Kavanaugh_Eagle) (women of the century) Mary L. Bonney Rambaut (/w/index.php?title=Mary_L._Bonney_Rambaut&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary L. Moreland (/wiki/Mary_L._Moreland) (women of the century) Mary Lathrop Benton (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Lathrop_Benton&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Leota Gilliland (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Leota_Gilliland&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Lillian Griffith (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Lillian_Griffith&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Louise Davis (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Louise_Davis&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Louise Lowrey (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Louise_Lowrey&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Louise Nash (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Louise_Nash&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Louise Riley Smith (/wiki/Mary_Louise_Riley_Smith) (women of the century) Mary Lydia Leggett (/wiki/Mary_Lydia_Leggett) (women of the century) Mary M. Coman (/w/index.php?title=Mary_M._Coman&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary M. Howard (/w/index.php?title=Mary_M._Howard&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary M. Solari (/wiki/Mary_M._Solari) (women of the century) Mary McMillan Rodney (/w/index.php?title=Mary_McMillan_Rodney&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Merrill Miller (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Merrill_Miller&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Montgomery Brackett (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Montgomery_Brackett&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Mortimer (/wiki/Mary_Mortimer) (women of the century) Mary N. Gray (/w/index.php?title=Mary_N._Gray&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Nixon Everett (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Nixon_Everett&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Osburn Adkinson (/wiki/Mary_Osburn_Adkinson) (women of the century) Mary Perry Stott (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Perry_Stott&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary R. Whiting (/w/index.php?title=Mary_R._Whiting&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Rippon (/wiki/Mary_Rippon) http://www.his.com/~njohn/wow/mary.htm (https://www.his.com/~njohn/wow/mary.htm) Mary Roberts Coolidge (/wiki/Mary_Roberts_Coolidge) (Women of the West) Mary Ross Banks (/wiki/Mary_Ross_Banks) (women of the century) Mary Ryerson Butin (/wiki/Mary_Ryerson_Butin) (Women of the West) Mary Ryerson Butin (/wiki/Mary_Ryerson_Butin) (women of the century) Mary S. Fawcett (/w/index.php?title=Mary_S._Fawcett&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Sanford Capron (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Sanford_Capron&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Scarp Stratte (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Scarp_Stratte&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Semple Scott (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Semple_Scott&action=edit&redlink=1) ( https://law.wustl.edu/Staff/Taylor/WOMEN/MOOFFMAN/mooff2/league.htm (https://law.wustl.edu/Staff/Taylor/WOMEN/MOOFFMAN/mooff2/league.htm) ) Mary Shipman Penrose (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Shipman_Penrose&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Sinclair Crawford (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Sinclair_Crawford&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Sophia Scott (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Sophia_Scott&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Sophia Thompson (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Sophia_Thompson&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Sparkes Wheeler (/wiki/Mary_Sparkes_Wheeler) (women of the century) Mary Stevenson Buchtel (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Stevenson_Buchtel&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mary Stewart Smith (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Stewart_Smith&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Stockly Cary (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Stockly_Cary&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Stuart Cummins (/wiki/Mary_Stuart_Cummins) (women of the century) Mary Sutton Huntley (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Sutton_Huntley&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary T. Lange (/w/index.php?title=Mary_T._Lange&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Taussig (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Taussig&action=edit&redlink=1) ( https://law.wustl.edu/Staff/Taylor/WOMEN/MOOFFMAN/mooff2/1stlib.htm (https://law.wustl.edu/Staff/Taylor/WOMEN/MOOFFMAN/mooff2/1stlib.htm) ) Mary Thompson Hill Willard (/wiki/Mary_Thompson_Hill_Willard) (women of the century) Mary Traffarn Whitney (/wiki/Mary_Traffarn_Whitney) (women of the century) Mary Virginia Ellet Cabell (/wiki/Mary_Virginia_Ellet_Cabell) (women of the century) Mary Virginia Proctor (/wiki/Mary_Virginia_Proctor) (women of the century) Mary Virginia S. Hammond (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Virginia_S._Hammond&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mrs. Mary Washington (/wiki/Mrs._Mary_Washington) (women of the century) Mary Ware (/wiki/Mary_Ware) (women of the century) Mary Westbrook Van Deusen (/wiki/Mary_Westbrook_Van_Deusen) (women of the century) Mary Williams C Woody (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Williams_C_Woody&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mary Wood Allen (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Wood_Allen&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Matilda Moser (/w/index.php?title=Matilda_Moser&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Matilda Peterson (/w/index.php?title=Matilda_Peterson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mattie A. Freeman (/wiki/Mattie_A._Freeman) (women of the century) C._Louise_Boheringer,_Mattie_L._Williams,_Marie_Bartlett_Heard,_Margaret_Wheeler_Ross,_Edith_O._Kitt Mattie L. Williams (/w/index.php?title=Mattie_L._Williams&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Mattie R. Hummell (/w/index.php?title=Mattie_R._Hummell&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mattie R. Lund (/w/index.php?title=Mattie_R._Lund&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Maud G. Baum (/w/index.php?title=Maud_G._Baum&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Maud Parker (/w/index.php?title=Maud_Parker&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Maud R. Wankowski (/w/index.php?title=Maud_R._Wankowski&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Maud Whitehead Bartlett (/w/index.php?title=Maud_Whitehead_Bartlett&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mariana_Bertola,_Carrie_Jacobs-Bond,_May_Showler_Groves,_Minna_McGauley,_Maud_Wilde,_Jeanette_Lawrence,_Miriam_Van_Waters,_David_Starr_Jordan,_Annie_Florence_Brown,_Gertrude_Atherton Maud Wilde (/w/index.php?title=Maud_Wilde&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Maude Andrews Ohl (/wiki/Maude_Andrews_Ohl) (women of the century) Maude B. Helmond (/w/index.php?title=Maude_B._Helmond&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Maude Beeley Jacob (/w/index.php?title=Maude_Beeley_Jacob&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Maude E. Schlenzig (/w/index.php?title=Maude_E._Schlenzig&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Maude Gillette Phillips (/wiki/Maude_Gillette_Phillips) (women of the century) Maude H. Helmond (/w/index.php?title=Maude_H._Helmond&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Blanche_C._Grant,_Jennie_Fortune,_Margaret_Reeves,_Maude_Hancock_Prichard Maude Hancock Prichard (/w/index.php?title=Maude_Hancock_Prichard&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Maude Robinson Mott (/w/index.php?title=Maude_Robinson_Mott&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Maude Wolff (/w/index.php?title=Maude_Wolff&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) May A. Cook (/w/index.php?title=May_A._Cook&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) May Alden Ward (/wiki/May_Alden_Ward) (women of the century) May C Jones (/w/index.php?title=May_C_Jones&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) May Chapman Starkey (/w/index.php?title=May_Chapman_Starkey&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) May Eddins Welborn (/w/index.php?title=May_Eddins_Welborn&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) May Elia Martin Stewart (/w/index.php?title=May_Elia_Martin_Stewart&action=edit&redlink=1) Mrs A. B. Stewart (Women of the West) https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=66798204 (https://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=66798204) May L. Powell (/w/index.php?title=May_L._Powell&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) May Lester Wild (/w/index.php?title=May_Lester_Wild&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) May R. Walk (/w/index.php?title=May_R._Walk&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mariana_Bertola,_Carrie_Jacobs-Bond,_May_Showler_Groves,_Minna_McGauley,_Maud_Wilde,_Jeanette_Lawrence,_Miriam_Van_Waters,_David_Starr_Jordan,_Annie_Florence_Brown,_Gertrude_Atherton May Showler Groves (/w/index.php?title=May_Showler_Groves&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO May_Simonds May Simonds (/w/index.php?title=May_Simonds&action=edit&redlink=1) (Notable Women) May Tower Bigelow (/wiki/May_Tower_Bigelow) (Women of the West) May Trumper (/w/index.php?title=May_Trumper&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) May Wallace Allen (/w/index.php?title=May_Wallace_Allen&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Maynard Force Thayer (/w/index.php?title=Maynard_Force_Thayer&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Melissa Elizabeth R. Banta (/w/index.php?title=Melissa_Elizabeth_R._Banta&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mellona M. Butterfield (/wiki/Mellona_M._Butterfield) (women of the century) Mercedes Leigh Hearne (/wiki/Mercedes_Leigh_Hearne) (women of the century) Mercedes Leigh (/wiki/Mercedes_Leigh) (women of the century) Mildred Brooke Hoover (/w/index.php?title=Mildred_Brooke_Hoover&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mildred Chick Pyle (/w/index.php?title=Mildred_Chick_Pyle&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mildred E. McLouth (/w/index.php?title=Mildred_E._McLouth&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mildred E. Nowell (/w/index.php?title=Mildred_E._Nowell&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Mildred Leigh (/wiki/Mildred_Leigh) http://www.montana.edu/mountainsandminds/2008/fall/women/index.php (http://www.montana.edu/mountainsandminds/2008/fall/women/index.php) Margaret_Tod_Ritter,_Virginia_D._McClurg,_Christine_Whiting_Parmenter,_Lillian_White_Spencer,_Nona_L._Brooks,_Agnes_Wright_Spring,_Millicent_H._Velhagen Millicent H. Velhagen (/w/index.php?title=Millicent_H._Velhagen&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Millicent H. Wiebers (/w/index.php?title=Millicent_H._Wiebers&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Millie Jane Chapman (/w/index.php?title=Millie_Jane_Chapman&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Minerva Brace Norton (/wiki/Minerva_Brace_Norton) (women of the century) Minerva Jane Barrington (/w/index.php?title=Minerva_Jane_Barrington&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Minerva Lesoine Watts (/w/index.php?title=Minerva_Lesoine_Watts&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Minerva Pierce (/w/index.php?title=Minerva_Pierce&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Minerva Walker (/w/index.php?title=Minerva_Walker&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Minetta S. Ellen (/w/index.php?title=Minetta_S._Ellen&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Minna Hoppe McGauley (/w/index.php?title=Minna_Hoppe_McGauley&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Minnie B. Heine (/w/index.php?title=Minnie_B._Heine&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Minnie C. Benson (/w/index.php?title=Minnie_C._Benson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Minnie E. Petrie (/w/index.php?title=Minnie_E._Petrie&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Minnie Elizabeth Matheis (/w/index.php?title=Minnie_Elizabeth_Matheis&action=edit&redlink=1) [11] (https://books.google.it/books?id=xl-QBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA62&lpg=PA62&dq=%22Matinee+Musical+Club%22+Los+Angeles&source=bl&ots=Waa5kVrsUY&sig=9KlhOxIxEhrwoilO9jjyaf0M_9w&hl=it&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjpk4fBivDVAhXDPBoKHesXBNEQ6AEIbjAR#v=onepage&q=%22Matinee%20Musical%20Club%22%20Los%20Angeles&f=false) Cora_M._Beach,_Helen_Norton_Stevens,_Lois_Randolph,_Reah_Whitehead,_Rachel_Fitch_Kent,_Martha_Edergton_Plassmann,_Minnie_F._Howard Minnie F. Howard (/w/index.php?title=Minnie_F._Howard&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) PHOTO Minnie Flanigan (/w/index.php?title=Minnie_Flanigan&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Minnie Gow Walsworth (/wiki/Minnie_Gow_Walsworth) (women of the century) Minnie J. Martin (/w/index.php?title=Minnie_J._Martin&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Minnie J. Terrell Todd (/wiki/Minnie_J._Terrell_Todd) (women of the century) Minnie M. Barton (/w/index.php?title=Minnie_M._Barton&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Minnie S. Brooks (/w/index.php?title=Minnie_S._Brooks&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Minnie Stebbins Savage (/w/index.php?title=Minnie_Stebbins_Savage&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Minnie W. Miller (/w/index.php?title=Minnie_W._Miller&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Minnie Ward Patterson (/wiki/Minnie_Ward_Patterson) (women of the century) Minnie Willis Baines Miller (/wiki/Minnie_Willis_Baines_Miller) (women of the century) Minta S. Davis (/w/index.php?title=Minta_S._Davis&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Miriam Chase Ford (/w/index.php?title=Miriam_Chase_Ford&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Miriam_Coste_Senseney Miriam Coste Senseney (/w/index.php?title=Miriam_Coste_Senseney&action=edit&redlink=1) (Notable Women) Miriam Howard Du Bose (/w/index.php?title=Miriam_Howard_Du_Bose&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Miriam O'Leary Collins (/wiki/Miriam_O%27Leary_Collins) (women of the century) Missouri H. Stokes (/wiki/Missouri_H._Stokes) (women of the century) Mme. Antonio Navarro (/w/index.php?title=Mme._Antonio_Navarro&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Molly Elliott Seawell (/wiki/Molly_Elliott_Seawell) (women of the century) Monica B. Thompson (/w/index.php?title=Monica_B._Thompson&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Morilla M. Norton (/w/index.php?title=Morilla_M._Norton&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Motris Weston Wilsey (/w/index.php?title=Motris_Weston_Wilsey&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Mozelle Hair (/w/index.php?title=Mozelle_Hair&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Muriel O. Ponsler (/w/index.php?title=Muriel_O._Ponsler&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Myrtle Bernard (/w/index.php?title=Myrtle_Bernard&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Myrtle Davis Aber (/w/index.php?title=Myrtle_Davis_Aber&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Myrtle E. Furman (/w/index.php?title=Myrtle_E._Furman&action=edit&redlink=1) (women of the century) Myrtle Elizabeth Johnson (/wiki/Myrtle_Elizabeth_Johnson) (Women of the West) Myrtle G. Seward (/w/index.php?title=Myrtle_G._Seward&action=edit&redlink=1) (Women of the West) Myrtle L. 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Notable women of St. Louis, 1914 . St. Louis, Woodward. p. 132 . Retrieved 17 August 2017 . This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain (/wiki/Public_domain) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Johnson, Anne (1914). Notable women of St. Louis, 1914 . St. Louis, Woodward. p. 132 . Retrieved 17 August 2017 . This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain (/wiki/Public_domain) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Johnson, Anne (1914). Notable women of St. Louis, 1914 . St. Louis, Woodward. p. 132 . Retrieved 17 August 2017 . This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain (/wiki/Public_domain) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Johnson, Anne (1914). Notable women of St. Louis, 1914 . St. Louis, Woodward. p. 132 . Retrieved 17 August 2017 . This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain (/wiki/Public_domain) . ^ (#cite_ref-Binheim_5-0) Binheim, Max; Elvin, Charles A (1928). Women of the West; a series of biographical sketches of living eminent women in the eleven western states of the United States of America . p. 233 . Retrieved 8 August 2017 . This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain (/wiki/Public_domain) . ^ (#cite_ref-Willard_6-0) Willard, Frances Elizabeth, 1839-1898; Livermore, Mary Ashton Rice, 1820-1905 (1893). A woman of the century; fourteen hundred-seventy biographical sketches accompanied by portraits of leading American women in all walks of life . Buffalo, N.Y., Moulton. p. 617 . Retrieved 8 August 2017 . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) ) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list) ) This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain (/wiki/Public_domain) . ^ (#cite_ref-Johnson_7-0) Johnson, Anne (1914). 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Wiki Loves Pride (/wiki/Wikipedia:Wiki_Loves_Pride) This article was created or improved during Wiki Loves Pride (/wiki/Wikipedia:Wiki_Loves_Pride) , [[Wikipedia:Wiki Loves Pride/|]]. Wiki Loves Pride Wikipedia:Wiki Loves Pride Template:Wiki Loves Pride talk Wiki Loves Pride articles Women in Red (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Women_in_Red) : #1day1woman (2018) (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Women_in_Red/Meetup/2018) This article was created or improved during the #1day1woman initiative (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Women_in_Red/Meetup/2018) hosted by the Women in Red (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Women_in_Red) project in 2018. The editor(s) involved may be new; please assume good faith (/wiki/Wikipedia:Assume_good_faith) regarding their contributions before making changes. Women in Red Wikipedia:WikiProject Women in Red Template:WikiProject Women in Red Women in Red articles Notes [ edit ] I saw that you put this one up on the Native American editathon page. Cora Anderson (/w/index.php?title=Cora_Anderson&action=edit&redlink=1) ( https://forgottenstories.net/2012/05/10/ralph-kerwineo-one-of-milwaukees-most-charming-women/ (https://forgottenstories.net/2012/05/10/ralph-kerwineo-one-of-milwaukees-most-charming-women/) ) she was of Native American heritage, very difficult to find sources...-- Elisa.rolle (/wiki/User:Elisa.rolle) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Elisa.rolle) ) 17:08, 29 July 2017 (UTC) Here's what I know, she wasn't American Indian, [12] (http://kpcnews.com/columnists/brityn_calloway/article_089f396a-ea35-51d7-9dfc-66b426684c15.html) [13] (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/12736282/kendallville_news_the_fort_wayne_news/) or Bolivian. [14] (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/12736467/girl_gets_eugenic_license_as_a_man_the/) She was an African American nurse. Born in 1878 [15] (https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9YBW-GBL?i=31&cc=1417683) . A physician certified "eugenically"? that she was male [16] (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/12736613/ralph_kerwineo_was_surely_a_peacherino/) . There are literally hundreds of articles on newspapers.com about her trial [17] (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/12736730/the_st_louis_star_and_times/) , [18] (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/12736769/the_pittsburgh_press/) . She was acquitted of wrongdoing and returned to Kendallville, Indiana in 1914. [19] (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/12736647/the_fort_wayne_journalgazette/) I find no record of her after her return, which is not surprising if she was forced to return to life as a black woman. SusunW (/wiki/User:SusunW) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:SusunW) ) 16:09, 30 July 2017 (UTC) Miss F. M. Bacon (/w/index.php?title=F._M._Bacon&action=edit&redlink=1) , educator. Miss Anita Moore (/w/index.php?title=Anita_Moore&action=edit&redlink=1) , publicity writer and of special stories for the newspapers, and whose delightful book on Fairies and Flowers is about to be issued from the press of Bobbs-Merrill & Co. Mrs Irene McLagan (/w/index.php?title=Irene_McLagan&action=edit&redlink=1) , Miss Katherine Richardson (writer) (/w/index.php?title=Katherine_Richardson_(writer)&action=edit&redlink=1) , Miss May Cerf (/w/index.php?title=May_Cerf&action=edit&redlink=1) ; Mesdames M. R. Bauduy (/w/index.php?title=M._R._Bauduy&action=edit&redlink=1) , Frances Scovell (/w/index.php?title=Frances_Scovell&action=edit&redlink=1) , Emily Alcott (/w/index.php?title=Emily_Alcott&action=edit&redlink=1) , Miss VAL Jones (/w/index.php?title=VAL_Jones&action=edit&redlink=1) , are feature writers for local papers. 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Miss O'Brien (/w/index.php?title=Miss_O%27Brien&action=edit&redlink=1) , attorney. Mrs. John Livingston Lowes (suffragist) (/w/index.php?title=John_Livingston_Lowes_(suffragist)&action=edit&redlink=1) , Mrs. George Gelhorn (/w/index.php?title=George_Gelhorn&action=edit&redlink=1) , Mrs. John Walker Barriger (/w/index.php?title=John_Walker_Barriger&action=edit&redlink=1) , Miss Leone Robinson (/w/index.php?title=Leone_Robinson&action=edit&redlink=1) , Mrs. B. F. Burch Eliza A. Davidson (/w/index.php?title=Eliza_A._Davidson&action=edit&redlink=1) , Mrs. William C. Fordyce (/w/index.php?title=William_C._Fordyce&action=edit&redlink=1) , Miss Marie Garesche (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Garesche&action=edit&redlink=1) , Mrs. B. B. 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British clothing brand and manufacturer Community Clothing Industry Sustainable fashion (/wiki/Sustainable_fashion) Founded 2016 Founder Patrick Grant (/wiki/Patrick_Grant_(designer)) Headquarters Blackburn (/wiki/Blackburn) , Lancashire , United Kingdom Products Clothing (/wiki/Clothing) Website communityclothing (https://communityclothing.co.uk) .co (https://communityclothing.co.uk) .uk (https://communityclothing.co.uk) Community Clothing is a British clothing brand founded in 2016 by Scottish fashion designer Patrick Grant (/wiki/Patrick_Grant_(designer)) . [1] (#cite_note-wwd170216-1) The company is based in Blackburn (/wiki/Blackburn) , Lancashire, and produces a line of clothing staples using ethically sourced materials, in order to provide consistent employment for a co-operative of British mills and factories and reduce clothing waste (/wiki/Sustainable_fashion) . [2] (#cite_note-gq27032018-2) History [ edit ] Clothing and textile factories in the United Kingdom, which boomed during the Industrial Revolution (/wiki/Industrial_Revolution) , began declining (/wiki/Manufacturing_in_the_United_Kingdom) in the mid 20th-century due to cheaper overseas production, the rise of fast fashion (/wiki/Fast_fashion) , and lack of investment in the industry. The number of people employed in clothing manufacturing in Britain declined from 1.4 million in the 1970s to only 50,000 in the 2020s. [3] (#cite_note-3) Additionally, the fashion industry, whose seasonal business model typically keeps factories busy only twice a year, left significant gaps of downtime for mills. [2] (#cite_note-gq27032018-2) In 2015, Patrick Grant purchased Blackburn (/wiki/Blackburn) factory Cookson & Clegg, which was facing closure after losing their contract with the British military in 2009. Grant purchased the company, which was founded in 1860 and had been a long-time supplier to his Savile Row (/wiki/Savile_Row) tailoring house Norton & Sons (/wiki/Norton_%26_Sons) . However, he was unable to keep the factory afloat after losing a contract with a major retailer, [4] (#cite_note-forbes270618-4) and Cookson & Clegg went into voluntary liquidation in March 2016. [5] (#cite_note-5) Grant's solution to revive Cookson & Clegg and other struggling clothing factories was to create a line of clothing basics manufactured year-round at a co-operative of factories. [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-observer290919-7) Grant raised more than £88,0000 in a Kickstarter (/wiki/Kickstarter) campaign in early 2016 to launch the enterprise, with the first orders made at Cookson & Clegg. [8] (#cite_note-standard070316-8) The company began sales in partnership with eBay (/wiki/EBay) in September 2016, and opened a physical store in Blackburn in October 2016. The store closed during the COVID-19 pandemic. [9] (#cite_note-drapers071116-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) The company launched their own e-commerce site in 2018. [11] (#cite_note-11) In 2018, Grant delivered a TED Talk (/wiki/TED_Talk) about the fashion industry and Community Clothing. [2] (#cite_note-gq27032018-2) Community Clothing menswear began selling at retailer John Lewis (/wiki/John_Lewis_(department_store)) in Spring 2021. [12] (#cite_note-12) In 2022, the company supplied the opening ceremony (/wiki/Opening_ceremony) uniforms for the English team during the 2022 Commonwealth Games (/wiki/Commonwealth_Games) in Birmingham (/wiki/Birmingham) , as part of Team England's commitment to ethical production and sustainability. [13] (#cite_note-13) The uniforms, consisting of a red blazer, white T-shirt and khakhi chinos, were manufactured within 100 miles of Birmingham. The outfit was designed to be reworn after the Games; the blazer featured a removable velcro Team England badge buttons along with other badges to allow the athletes to customise their kits. [14] (#cite_note-14) Business model [ edit ] Community Clothing was founded as a social enterprise (/wiki/Community_interest_company) to address the poverty caused by the decline in the British clothing industry and to fill the gap at clothing factories caused by the seasonality of the fashion industry. [8] (#cite_note-standard070316-8) [9] (#cite_note-drapers071116-9) The company's goal is to provide skilled employment to allow factories to stay in business and expand, and encourage a more sustainable model for consuming clothes. [7] (#cite_note-observer290919-7) [15] (#cite_note-times221222-15) The clothes are manufactured in more than 30 factories in the UK, including in six of the most economically deprived areas of the country. [16] (#cite_note-about-16) Community Clothing's business model is to sell high-quality wardrobe basics with minimal overhead costs and a shorter supply chain to increase affordability for consumers. The styles are not continually redesigned, leading to less expense and less waste of unused stock, with the goal to promote sustainability via long-term wear. [16] (#cite_note-about-16) Community Clothing also uses "deadstock" materials — unsold fabric that otherwise would have gone to waste. [17] (#cite_note-17) The company's website states where they source their raw materials, yarn, cloth, and finished product. [18] (#cite_note-18) The company sells directly to consumers online and mainly markets using social media, [15] (#cite_note-times221222-15) and uses members of the local community as models, with their own hair and makeup. [19] (#cite_note-19) The company states their markup is 30 per cent of that of comparable brands and their marketing expenditures do not exceed 5 per cent of their budget. [16] (#cite_note-about-16) Community Clothing also holds pop-up shops, including at Selfridges (/wiki/Selfridges) department stores. [20] (#cite_note-20) Community Clothing does not put their clothes on sale or participate in Black Friday (/wiki/Black_Friday_(shopping)) or other discount promotions. [16] (#cite_note-about-16) Logo and branding [ edit ] The company's logo is based on the CC41 (/wiki/CC41) logo introduced in 1941 by the British Board of Trade. The CC41 logo was stamped on products to indicate affordability during a time of austerity. [1] (#cite_note-wwd170216-1) The company's motto is Making Clothes, Creating Jobs, Restoring Pride . [21] (#cite_note-21) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Theodosi, Natalie (17 February 2016). "Patrick Grant Launches Nonprofit Label, Community Clothing" (https://wwd.com/feature/patrick-grant-non-profit-label-community-clothing-10357136/) . WWD (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved 9 May 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Dool, Steve (27 April 2018). "The Designer Staging His Own Industrial Revolution" (https://www.gq.com/story/patrick-grant-community-clothing-q-a) . GQ (/wiki/GQ) . Retrieved 9 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Grant, Patrick (17 January 2022). "A Letter from Patrick Grant, Founder of Community Clothing" (https://communityclothing.co.uk/blogs/news/a-letter-from-patrick-grant-founder-of-community-clothing) . Community Clothing . Retrieved 13 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-forbes270618_4-0) Chhabra, Esha (27 June 2018). "How This Young Fashion Startup Is Transforming British Manufacturing" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/eshachhabra/2018/06/27/how-this-young-fashion-startup-is-transforming-british-manufacturing/?sh=ce8465925220) . Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) . Retrieved 9 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Roberts, Hywel (23 May 2016). "Patrick Grant confirms closure of supplier Cookson & Clegg" (https://www.drapersonline.com/news/patrick-grant-confirms-closure-of-supplier-cookson-clegg) . Drapers . Retrieved 9 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Winkleman, Claudia (3 June 2018). "Claudia Winkleman on Community Clothing and finding the perfect white T-shirt" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/claudia-winkleman-on-community-clothing-and-finding-the-perfect-white-t-shirt-253njlgld) . The Times (/wiki/The_Times) . Retrieved 10 May 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b Conlon, Scarlett (28 September 2019). "British manufacturing: back in fashion" (https://www.theguardian.com/global/2019/sep/29/fashion-designer-patrick-grant-social-enterprise-community-clothing) . The Observer . Retrieved 10 May 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b Godwin, Richard (7 March 2016). "Patrick Grant talks classic clothes, capitalism & Kickstarter campaigns" (https://www.standard.co.uk/insider/fashion/patrick-grant-talks-classic-clothes-capitalism-and-kickstarter-campaigning-as-he-aims-to-revive-britain-s-textile-communities-a3197521.html) . Evening Standard (/wiki/Evening_Standard) . Retrieved 9 May 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b Hounslea, Tara (7 November 2016). "Community Clothing to expand through stores and online" (https://www.drapersonline.com/news/community-clothing-to-expand-through-stores-and-online) . Drapers . Retrieved 10 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) van der Post, Lucia (30 July 2020). "Meet Community Clothing, the Brand Reviving British-Made Fashion" (https://www.countryandtownhouse.com/style/community-clothinng/) . Country and Town House . Retrieved 10 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Marfil, Lorelei (29 March 2018). "Patrick Grant Creates E-commerce Site for Community Clothing Brand" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/patrick-grant-creates-e-commerce-site-for-community-clothing-brand-1202641046/) . WWD (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved 10 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Wightman-Stone, Danielle (1 April 2021). "John Lewis launches Community Clothing line" (https://fashionunited.uk/news/fashion/john-lewis-launches-community-clothing-line/2021040154757) . FashionUnited . Retrieved 10 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Team England Opening Ceremony wear to be produced by Community Clothing" (https://teamengland.org/news/team-england-opening-ceremony-wear-to-be-produced-by-community-clothing) . Commonwealth Games England. 20 October 2021 . Retrieved 11 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "We're Going to the Games" (https://communityclothing.co.uk/blogs/news/were-going-to-the-games) . Community Clothing . 29 August 2022 . Retrieved 11 May 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b Howarth, Peter (22 December 2022). "Patrick Grant is on a mission" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/patrick-grant-community-clothing-times-luxury-f9c2j9dwp) . The Times (/wiki/The_Times) . Retrieved 9 May 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d "About Community Clothing" (https://communityclothing.co.uk/pages/about-us) . Community Clothing . Retrieved 9 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Grant, Patrick (30 August 2022). "Waste Not, Want Not" (https://communityclothing.co.uk/blogs/news/waste-not-want-not-a-letter-from-patrick-grant-founder-of-community-clothing) . Community Clothing . Retrieved 9 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) James, Dr Alana. "Why you should stop buying new clothes" (https://phys.org/news/2019-09-why-you-should-stop-buying.html) . phys.org . Retrieved 10 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "In the Factory: Community Clothing X Liberty | Liberty" (https://www.libertylondon.com/us/features/fashion/community-clothing-x-liberty.html) . Liberty London . Retrieved 10 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Santamaria, Barbara (19 January 2017). "Selfridges celebrates sustainability in fashion in new Material World project" (https://uk.fashionnetwork.com/news/Selfridges-celebrates-sustainability-in-fashion-in-new-material-world-project,782919.html) . FashionNetwork.com . Retrieved 10 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Community Clothing" (https://twitter.com/commclothing) . Twitter . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://communityclothing.co.uk/) Community Clothing (https://www.instagram.com/community_clothing/) on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram_(identifier)) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐24k9q Cached time: 20240715005547 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.365 seconds Real time usage: 0.459 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2350/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 43899/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1953/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 80683/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.216/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6497257/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 409.710 1 -total 47.31% 193.842 1 Template:Reflist 40.04% 164.058 20 Template:Cite_news 22.88% 93.758 1 Template:Infobox_company 20.49% 83.951 1 Template:Infobox 15.52% 63.571 1 Template:Short_description 9.67% 39.625 2 Template:Pagetype 4.40% 18.047 1 Template:Instagram 3.72% 15.260 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates 3.62% 14.816 10 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:73763569-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715005547 and revision id 1227977472. 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This article is an orphan (/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan) , as no other articles link to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=European_Recycling_Company&namespace=0) . Please introduce links (/wiki/Help:Link) to this page from related articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=European+Recycling+Company&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=European+Recycling+Company) ; try the Find link tool (https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=European_Recycling_Company) for suggestions. ( March 2017 ) SOEX UK Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion_industry) Key people Andy Haws ( CEO (/wiki/Chief_executive_officer) ) Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) SOEX Website soex (http://soex.uk) .uk (http://soex.uk) European Recycling Company is a German company that specialises in recycling (/wiki/Recycling) clothes and footwear on behalf of charities (/wiki/Charitable_organization) . It gives a percentage of its profits to the charities. The company is owned by Nerses Ohanian, and is registered in Switzerland (/wiki/Switzerland) . [1] (#cite_note-1) The company rebranded under the name SOEX UK in 2018. [2] (#cite_note-2) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Variety Club earns less than £4.50 a year from each shoe recycling bank , Guardian, retrieved 18/12/2011 ^ (#cite_ref-2) Gallacher, Jo (2 February 2018). "Textile recyclers European Recycling Company rebrand to become SOEX UK" (http://www.recyclingwasteworld.co.uk/news/uk-textile-recyclers-european-recycling-company-rebrand/168118) . Recycling & Waste World . Retrieved 29 April 2019 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐75fbd9d897‐q47jv Cached time: 20240702015543 Cache expiry: 2585058 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.200 seconds Real time usage: 0.279 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1059/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 12727/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1630/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 7525/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.140/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3382064/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 262.874 1 -total 40.71% 107.003 1 Template:Infobox_company 36.70% 96.482 1 Template:Infobox 30.70% 80.709 1 Template:Cite_news 27.73% 72.886 1 Template:Orphan 22.29% 58.582 1 Template:Draft_other 21.46% 56.408 1 Template:Ambox 3.31% 8.690 1 Template:URL 0.80% 2.100 4 Template:Main_other 0.70% 1.828 1 Template:Template_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:34115563-0!canonical and timestamp 20240702015543 and revision id 1203021859. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=European_Recycling_Company&oldid=1203021859 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=European_Recycling_Company&oldid=1203021859) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Service companies of Switzerland (/wiki/Category:Service_companies_of_Switzerland) Recycling in the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Recycling_in_the_United_Kingdom) Hidden categories: Orphaned articles from March 2017 (/wiki/Category:Orphaned_articles_from_March_2017) All orphaned articles (/wiki/Category:All_orphaned_articles) |
The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's general notability guideline (/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability) . Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing reliable secondary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) that are independent (/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources) of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be merged (/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging) , redirected (/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect) , or deleted (/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy) . Find sources: "Shreddies Underwear" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Shreddies+Underwear%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Shreddies+Underwear%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Shreddies+Underwear%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Shreddies+Underwear%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Shreddies+Underwear%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Shreddies+Underwear%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( January 2023 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Shreddies Ltd. manufactures flatulence (/wiki/Flatulence) -filtering garments, produced in Leicestershire (/wiki/Leicestershire) , England. [1] (#cite_note-1) British designer Paul J. O'Leary (/w/index.php?title=Paul_J._O%27Leary&action=edit&redlink=1) worked with researchers and lingerie designers from De Montfort University (/wiki/De_Montfort_University) to launch the design in 2009. [2] (#cite_note-2) O'Leary is also the founder and Director of deVOL Kitchens and Floors of Stone. [3] (#cite_note-3) The company name comes from a colloquial term for underwear that originated in the British Armed forces (see RAF slang (/wiki/RAF_slang) ). [4] (#cite_note-CNN,_November_2015-4) The garments feature an activated carbon back panel that absorbs flatulence odours. [5] (#cite_note-The_Guardian,_April_2016-5) Originally invented as healthcare underwear for people with conditions such as IBS (/wiki/Irritable_bowel_syndrome) , Crohn’s disease (/wiki/Crohn%E2%80%99s_disease) and food intolerances, the garments are now available in department stores around the UK and are marketed at everyone. [6] (#cite_note-Dezeen,_November_2013-6) Shreddies Ltd. has developed the collection to include flatulence filtering underwear, pyjamas and jeans for both men and women, [7] (#cite_note-7) as well as incontinence underwear for all ages. [6] (#cite_note-Dezeen,_November_2013-6) Technology [ edit ] Shreddies Ltd. garments feature an activated carbon back panel, which absorbs and neutralises odours. The panel is reactivated when the garment is washed. [8] (#cite_note-8) Research by De Montfort University found that the fabric “removes sulphide and ethyl mercaptan so effectively it can filter odours 200 times the strength of the average flatus emission”. [5] (#cite_note-The_Guardian,_April_2016-5) Awards [ edit ] In 2009 Shreddies underwear received a “Look Good Feel Good” award from the Association for Continence Advice. [9] (#cite_note-9) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "You can now buy jeans and pyjamas that stop your farts from smelling" (https://www.standard.co.uk/lifestyle/london-life/you-can-now-buy-jeans-and-pyjamas-that-stop-your-farts-from-smelling-10405682.html) , Evening Standard (/wiki/Evening_Standard) , July 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "This strange M25 service station advert is freaking people out" (https://www.essexlive.news/news/uk-world-news/strange-m25-service-station-advert-711669) , Essex Live, November 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Revealed: The shortlist for this year’s Leicester Mercury Business Executive of the Year Awards" (https://www.leicestermercury.co.uk/news/business/revealed-shortlist-years-leicester-mercury-543697) , Leicester Mercury, September 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-CNN,_November_2015_4-0) "Apparently This Matters: Fart-filtering underwear" (https://edition.cnn.com/2013/11/22/tech/innovation/apparently-this-matters-shreddies/) , CNN, November 2015. ^ Jump up to: a b "Smartypants: the fart-filtering future of underwear" (https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2016/apr/14/smartypants-future-of-underwear-fashion-technology) , The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) , April 2016. ^ Jump up to: a b "Shreddies underwear that stops farts smelling" (https://www.dezeen.com/2013/11/09/shreddies-flatulence-underwear-that-stops-farts-smelling/) , Dezeen, November 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-7) "These £100 jeans could save your marriage.." (https://www.lep.co.uk/news/latest/these-100-jeans-could-save-your-marriage-1-9403104) , Lancashire Post, October 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "THIS UNDERWEAR FILTERS YOUR FARTS–NO, REALLY" (https://web.archive.org/web/20141010204317/http://www.mtv.com/news/1956219/shreddies-underwear/) , MTV News, October 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Gas-Filtering Underwear Traps Odors" (https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2013/10/gas-filtering-underwear-traps-odors/280929/) , The Atlantic, October 2013. External links [ edit ] Official website (http://myshreddies.com) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐78789c78f5‐jxkjd Cached time: 20240627215201 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.116 seconds Real time usage: 0.174 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 431/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 11674/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 265/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 7467/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.057/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1416737/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 152.321 1 -total 63.85% 97.253 1 Template:Notability 52.40% 79.823 1 Template:Ambox 19.63% 29.896 1 Template:Official_website 12.47% 18.991 1 Template:Reflist 9.61% 14.631 1 Template:Find_sources_mainspace 4.40% 6.700 1 Template:Strong 1.25% 1.898 2 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:62216566-0!canonical and timestamp 20240627215201 and revision id 1231362686. 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Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) India portal (/wiki/Portal:India) Punjab portal (/wiki/Portal:Punjab) See also the categories Actresses from Punjab, India (/wiki/Category:Actresses_from_Punjab,_India) and Female models from Punjab, Pakistan (/wiki/Category:Female_models_from_Punjab,_Pakistan) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐vhjg4 Cached time: 20240714060431 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.051 seconds Real time usage: 0.093 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 111/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3248/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 96/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1367/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.025/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 933241/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 80.045 1 -total 65.65% 52.548 1 Template:Portal 20.04% 16.039 1 Template:See_also_cat 14.12% 11.301 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 9.40% 7.528 1 Template:Category_other 7.86% 6.290 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 5.72% 4.579 1 Template:Category_see_also/Category_pair_check 1.47% 1.174 1 Template:Template_other 1.32% 1.058 1 Template:Clear Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:55838405-0!canonical and timestamp 20240714060431 and revision id 1001815124. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has only the following subcategory. C Female models from Chandigarh (/wiki/Category:Female_models_from_Chandigarh) (11 P) Pages in category "Female models from Punjab, India" The following 10 pages are in this category, out of 10 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Anjori Alagh (/wiki/Anjori_Alagh) Nikita Anand (/wiki/Nikita_Anand) C Alamjeet Kaur Chauhan (/wiki/Alamjeet_Kaur_Chauhan) Jaspinder Cheema (/wiki/Jaspinder_Cheema) D Naina Dhaliwal (/wiki/Naina_Dhaliwal) G Shehnaaz Gill (/wiki/Shehnaaz_Gill) K Himanshi Khurana (/wiki/Himanshi_Khurana) M Vanya Mishra (/wiki/Vanya_Mishra) P Shubha Phutela (/wiki/Shubha_Phutela) Mehreen Pirzada (/wiki/Mehreen_Pirzada) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Female_models_from_Punjab,_India&oldid=1001815124 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Female_models_from_Punjab,_India&oldid=1001815124) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Indian female models by state or union territory (/wiki/Category:Indian_female_models_by_state_or_union_territory) Models from Punjab, India (/wiki/Category:Models_from_Punjab,_India) Women from Punjab, India by occupation (/wiki/Category:Women_from_Punjab,_India_by_occupation) Hidden category: Automatic category TOC generates no TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_no_TOC) |
French photographer and illustrator Garance Doré Born Mariline Fiori ( 1975-05-01 ) May 1, 1975 (age 49) Corsica, France Nationality French Occupation(s) Blogger, Illustrator, Photographer, Author Spouse Graham McTavish (/wiki/Graham_McTavish) ( m. 2023) Partner(s) Scott Schuman (/wiki/Scott_Schuman) (2008–2014) Chris Norton (2016–2018) Website garancedore (http://garancedore.fr) .fr (http://garancedore.fr) Garance Doré (born Mariline Fiori; May 1, 1975) is a French photographer, illustrator and author, best known for her fashion blog (/wiki/Blog) . Early life [ edit ] Doré was born Mariline Fiori in Corsica (/wiki/Corsica) , France. Career [ edit ] She worked as a freelance illustrator in France before beginning her blog in 2006. Her original illustrations have been featured by Louis Vuitton (/wiki/Louis_Vuitton) , Dior (/wiki/Dior) , Kate Spade (/wiki/Kate_Spade) , and Gap (/wiki/Gap_(clothing_retailer)) . [1] (#cite_note-garancedore-1) Shortly after beginning her blog, Doré began incorporating writing into her posts. In 2007, Doré began to feature photography of people around Paris on her blog, a format now known as " streetstyle (/wiki/Street_Style) ". Since this time, she has worked with Chloé (/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9) , Chopard (/wiki/Chopard) , David Yurman (/wiki/David_Yurman) , Tiffany & Co. (/wiki/Tiffany_%26_Co.) , and J. Crew on photography collaborations. [1] (#cite_note-garancedore-1) She was named in a New York Times (/wiki/New_York_Times) article as the "guardian of all style". [2] (#cite_note-nytimes-2) In 2009, Doré began creating video content for her blog. Within a few months she was collaborating on video content with major brands, such as Dior (/wiki/Dior) , Chopard (/wiki/Chopard) , Tiffany & Co. (/wiki/Tiffany_%26_Co.) , Petit Bateau, J. Crew (/wiki/J._Crew) , Max Mara (/wiki/Max_Mara) and Kering (/wiki/Kering) , [1] (#cite_note-garancedore-1) and, in 2012, had developed her own YouTube series "Pardon My French". [3] (#cite_note-youtube-3) Previous "Pardon My French" episodes have focused on Fashion Week and interviews with Stella McCartney (/wiki/Stella_McCartney) , [4] (#cite_note-youtube2-4) Jenna Lyons (/wiki/Jenna_Lyons) , [5] (#cite_note-youtube3-5) Dries van Noten (/wiki/Dries_van_Noten) [6] (#cite_note-youtube4-6) and Anna Dello Russo (/wiki/Anna_Dello_Russo) . [7] (#cite_note-youtube5-7) In 2012, Doré and then-boyfriend Scott Schuman (/wiki/Scott_Schuman) , of The Sartorialist (/wiki/The_Sartorialist) , won the Council of Fashion Designers of America (/wiki/Council_of_Fashion_Designers_of_America) Media Award. [8] (#cite_note-cfda-8) Garance's first book Love Style Life was published by Spiegel & Grau (/wiki/Spiegel_%26_Grau) in October 2015. Poised as a visual memoir, the book layered personal stories about subjects from style to love along with original photos and illustrations. Doré's work has been featured in Harper’s Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%E2%80%99s_Bazaar) , GQ (/wiki/GQ) , Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , Self Service and French Elle (magazine) (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) . Her work as a photographer, illustrator and author has appeared in a variety of publications, including The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) , T: The New York Times Style Magazine (/wiki/T:_The_New_York_Times_Style_Magazine) , New York Magazine (/wiki/New_York_Magazine) , Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , British Vogue (/wiki/British_Vogue) , The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) , and Elle (magazine) (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) . [9] (#cite_note-garancedore2-9) In 2015 Doré retired from the fashion industry though she continues to main her blog as a lifestyle blog called Atelier Doré. [10] (#cite_note-10) Awards [ edit ] French Elle (magazine) (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) 30 Most Powerful Women in Fashion [11] (#cite_note-thecoveteur-11) 2009 Men. Style Top 25 Women in Fashion [12] (#cite_note-thefabulousreport-12) 2010 Forbes Magazine (/wiki/Forbes_Magazine) 20 Best Fashion Blogs for Professional Women [13] (#cite_note-forbes-13) 2011 Turkish Elle (magazine) (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) Style Award for Fashion Blogger of the Year [14] (#cite_note-garancedore3-14) 2012 Council of Fashion Designers of America (/wiki/Council_of_Fashion_Designers_of_America) [15] (#cite_note-cfda2-15) Eugenia Sheppard Media Award 2012: Doré and Schuman won the CFDA's Eugenia Sheppard Media Award, and were the first bloggers to receive this award. Personal life [ edit ] From 2008 to 2014 Doré was in a relationship with photographer Scott Schuman (/wiki/Scott_Schuman) [16] (#cite_note-businessoffashion-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) In 2016, Doré became engaged to jazz musician Chris Norton. They separated in 2018. [18] (#cite_note-18) In 2020 she relocated to Wellington, New Zealand and launched L'Ile , a subscription-based newsletter and online community. In 2023, she married actor Graham McTavish (/wiki/Graham_McTavish) at Borthwick Castle (/wiki/Borthwick_Castle) in Scotland. [19] (#cite_note-19) References [ edit ] ^ a b c "Tag : collaborations - Atelier Doré | Garance Doré Collaborations" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054944/http://www.garancedore.fr/en/tag/collaborations/) . garancedore.fr. Archived from the original (http://www.garancedore.fr/en/tag/collaborations/) on 2016-03-04 . Retrieved 2017-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-nytimes_2-0) Heffernan, Virginia (19 December 2008). "Pop Couture - Styled Street Fashion, Photoblog-Style - The New York Times Magazine" (https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/21/magazine/21wwln-medium-t.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . Retrieved 2017-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-youtube_3-0) "Garance Doré - YouTube – Pardon My French" (https://www.youtube.com/user/garancedore/videos?view=0) . youtube.com . Retrieved 2017-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-youtube2_4-0) "Garance Doré: Pardon My French / Stella McCartney - YouTube" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H5j68XpLPoE&list=UUPIV2-8BHtpRZ2AP7BfE8JA&index=28) . youtube.com. 23 January 2013 . Retrieved 2017-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-youtube3_5-0) "Garance Doré: Pardon My French / Jenna Lyons - YouTube" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=og7k6rrTubE&list=UUPIV2-8BHtpRZ2AP7BfE8JA&index=57) . youtube.com. 26 September 2012 . Retrieved 2017-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-youtube4_6-0) "Meeting Dries Van Noten / Pardon My French: Garance Doré - YouTube" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SEH_4ggsXQY&list=UUPIV2-8BHtpRZ2AP7BfE8JA&index=4) . youtube.com. 4 April 2013 . Retrieved 2017-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-youtube5_7-0) "Garance Dore: Pardon My French/Anna Dello Russo - YouTube" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=evHHcVrJZUs) . youtube.com. 12 September 2012 . Retrieved 2017-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-cfda_8-0) "CFDA 2012 Winners" (http://cfda.com/cfda-fashion-awards#award-lookbooks) . cfda.com . Retrieved 2017-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-garancedore2_9-0) "About - Atelier Doré" (http://www.garancedore.fr/en/a-propos/) . garancedore.fr . Retrieved 2017-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Agne, Skripkinaites. "Garance Dorè on Her Departure and What's Next for the Fashion Industry" (https://www.lofficielusa.com/fashion/garance-dore-departure-future-of-fashion-industry) . Retrieved 14 July 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-thecoveteur_11-0) "Inside Fashion Photographer Garance Doré's Closet | The Coveteur" (http://www.thecoveteur.com/garance_dore) . thecoveteur.com . Retrieved 2017-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-thefabulousreport_12-0) "Men.Style.Com Women of Fashion 2009" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160304042246/http://thefabulousreport.com/0627/men-style-com-women-of-fashion-2009.html) . thefabulousreport.com. Archived from the original (http://thefabulousreport.com/0627/men-style-com-women-of-fashion-2009.html) on 2016-03-04 . Retrieved 2017-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-forbes_13-0) "Forbes 20 Best Fashion Blogs for Professional Women" (https://web.archive.org/web/20101101051752/http://www.forbes.com/2010/10/29/fashion-blogs-professional-women-forbes-woman-style-working-wardrobe_2.html) . forbes.com . Archived from the original (https://www.forbes.com/2010/10/29/fashion-blogs-professional-women-forbes-woman-style-working-wardrobe_2.html) on November 1, 2010 . Retrieved 2017-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-garancedore3_14-0) "From Istanbul With Love - Atelier Doré" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060416/http://www.garancedore.fr/en/2011/12/05/from-istanbul-with-love/) . garancedore.fr. Archived from the original (http://www.garancedore.fr/en/2011/12/05/from-istanbul-with-love/) on 2016-03-04 . Retrieved 2017-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-cfda2_15-0) "CFDA 2012 Fashion Award Highlights" (http://cfda.com/the-latest/highlights-from-the-2012-cfda-fashion-awards) . cfda.com . Retrieved 2017-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-businessoffashion_16-0) "Fashion Means Business | Garance Doré and Scott Schuman | Opinion | Business of Fashion" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150121192201/http://www.businessoffashion.com/2013/04/fashion-means-business-garance-dore-and-scott-schuman.html) . businessoffashion.com. Archived from the original (http://www.businessoffashion.com/2013/04/fashion-means-business-garance-dore-and-scott-schuman.html) on 2015-01-21 . Retrieved 2017-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Street style power couple Garance Doré and Scott Schuman split" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/columns/bibby-sowray/TMG11040844/Street-style-power-couple-Garance-Dore-and-Scott-Schuman-split.html) . August 8, 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-18) "The Next Chapter" (http://www.atelierdore.com/garance/diary/the-next-chapter/) . Atelier Doré . Retrieved 2018-11-21 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Alexandra Macon (3 March 2023). "Actor Graham McTavish Planned a Scottish Castle Wedding for His Bride Garance Doré" (https://www.vogue.com/slideshow/garance-dore-and-graham-mctavish-wedding) . Vogue . Retrieved 2023-03-04 . 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Canadian television series Fashion File was a Canadian television series, which aired on CBC Television (/wiki/CBC_Television) and CBC Newsworld (/wiki/CBC_Newsworld) , as well as internationally in syndication (/wiki/Television_syndication) , from 1989 to 2009. The series covered fashion (/wiki/Fashion) industry news. Fashion File was created and developed by Karen Morrison (http://www.mod-tv.com) , who was the program Series Producer & Director. The series was hosted from its inception until 2006 by Tim Blanks (/wiki/Tim_Blanks) , who left the show at the end of 2006 to join the Canadian fashion magazine Flare (/wiki/Flare_(magazine)) as editor-at-large. Over the winter of 2007, the CBC aired Fashion File Host Hunt , a short-run reality show (/wiki/Reality_show) in which ten finalists competed to become the new host of the show. Adrian Mainella (/wiki/Adrian_Mainella) was chosen as the new host of the series at the end of the Host Hunt . Other contestants included Peter Papapetrou, Manny Neubacher, Justin Singh, Paul Pogue, Mary Kitchen, Stephanie Pigott, Jamey Ordolis, Raji Sohal and Henrietta Southam. The judges were fashion magazine editors Bronwyn Cosgrave and Suzanne Boyd, and Fashion File executive producer Réjean Beaudin. The series was hosted by Michelle Mama. As of the end of March 2009, Fashion File was cancelled by CBC Television (/wiki/CBC_Television) . The press release cites the "current financial situation." [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Fashion File Cancelled ^ (#cite_ref-2) Clare Hill (March 10, 2009), A happy studio audience isn’t enough at CBC , National Post [ permanent dead link ] External links [ edit ] Trailers and Clips (https://www.google.com/search?q=fashion+file+tv+show&rlz=1C1SQJL_enUS1017US1017&oq=fashion+file+&aqs=chrome.0.35i39i355j46i39j69i57j0i512j0i10i512j0i512j69i65j69i60.7584j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8#wptab=si:AEcPFx7Id1Bd7IwbML_wC2JqKOINKjTJdG2fF1RtEUtKoopZLFwkGiwu3FEOIZWBPLbNqcFMeocbldjkJ6u2RFLxJJa1qrNW6AI0m7cl5NxnzVqoBeD7atLLNMz6FJd28HWSoCd7xMIA) This article about a news television show originating in Canada is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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1st Hum Awards The promotional logo of the 1st Hum Awards, 2013 Date 12 March 2013 ( 2013-03-12 ) 28 April 2013 ( 2013-04-28 ) (televised) Site Expo Center (/wiki/Karachi_Expo_Centre) , Karachi (/wiki/Karachi) , Sindh (/wiki/Sindh) , Pakistan (/wiki/Pakistan) . Hosted by Mikaal Zulfiqar (/wiki/Mikaal_Zulfiqar) (main) Mahira Khan (/wiki/Mahira_Khan) (main) Vasay Chaudhry (/wiki/Vasay_Chaudhry) (co-host) Produced by Naseer Saeed Janjua Directed by Nadeem J. Highlights Best Drama Serial (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Drama_Serial) (Jury) (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Drama_Serial) Shehr-e-Zaat (/wiki/Shehr-e-Zaat) Most awards Meray Qatil Meray Dildar (/wiki/Meray_Qatil_Meray_Dildar) and Shehr-e-Zaat (/wiki/Shehr-e-Zaat) (3) Most nominations Meray Qatil Meray Dildar (/wiki/Meray_Qatil_Meray_Dildar) (10) Television coverage Channel Hum TV (/wiki/Hum_TV) Network Hum (/wiki/Hum_TV) [1] (#cite_note-1) Duration 2 hours, 30 minutes (approx.) Ratings 5 million 4.4 [2] (#cite_note-2) Hum Awards (/wiki/Hum_Awards) 2nd (/wiki/2nd_Hum_Awards) → The 1st Servis Hum Awards Ceremony (referred to as Hum Awards (/wiki/Hum_Awards) ), presented by the Hum Television Network and Entertainment Channel (/wiki/Hum_Television_Network_and_Entertainment_Channel) (HTNEC) honour the best dramas of 2012 (/wiki/Hum_Television_Dramas) of Hum (/wiki/Hum_TV) and to honour achievement in Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) and Music (/wiki/Music) . The ceremony took place on 12 March, 2013, at the Expo Center (/wiki/Karachi_Expo_Centre) in Karachi (/wiki/Karachi,_Sindh) [3] (#cite_note-3) and was televised on 28 April 2013. During the ceremony, the Hum Channel presented Awards in 24 regular categories along with in 3 honorary and in 2 special categories. The ceremony was televised in Pakistan by Hum TV (/wiki/Hum_TV) . The events were hosted by Mikaal Zulfiqar (/wiki/Mikaal_Zulfiqar) , Mahira Khan (/wiki/Mahira_Khan) , Vasay Chaudhry (/wiki/Vasay_Chaudhry) . [4] (#cite_note-4) During the ceremony, additional Honorary Awards were presented by host Bushra Ansari (/wiki/Bushra_Ansari) . [5] (#cite_note-5) Shehr-e-Zaat (/wiki/Shehr-e-Zaat) won three awards including Best Drama Serial (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Drama_Serial) for Momina Duraid (/wiki/Momina_Duraid) , Abdullah Kadwani (/wiki/Abdullah_Kadwani) & Asad Qureshi (/wiki/Asad_Qureshi) . Mere Qatil Mere Dildar (/wiki/Mere_Qatil_Mere_Dildar) won two awards, including Best Supporting Actress for Shagufta Ejaz (/wiki/Shagufta_Ejaz) . Sanjha (/wiki/Sanjha) won two awards including Best Director (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Director_Drama_Serial) for Farooq Rind. Humsafar (/wiki/Humsafar) also won two awards. Mahira Khan (/wiki/Mahira_Khan) won the Best Actress (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Actress) award for her role in Shehr-e-Zaat (/wiki/Shehr-e-Zaat) . Noman Ejaz (/wiki/Noman_Ejaz) won Best Actor (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Actor) for portraying the promising character in Bari Aapa (/wiki/Bari_Aapa) . [6] (#cite_note-6) Winners and nominees [ edit ] The nominees for public voting were announced on 20 February, 2013, and the rest of the categories were announced on 12 March 2013, through the official website of HUM TV and by Mikaal Zulfiqar (/wiki/Mikaal_Zulfiqar) Host of 1st Annual Hum Awards, and actress Mahira Khan (/wiki/Mahira_Khan) . Seven categories were set to be open for voting by viewers. [7] (#cite_note-7) Awards [ edit ] Winners are listed first. [8] (#cite_note-Winners-8) Television [ edit ] Best Drama Serial (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Drama_Serial) Best Director Drama Serial (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Director_Drama_Serial) Shehr-e-Zaat (/wiki/Shehr-e-Zaat) – Momina Duraid (/wiki/Momina_Duraid) , Asad Qureshi (/wiki/Qureshi) and Abdullah Kadwani (/wiki/Abdullah_Kadwani) Mere Qatil Mere Dildar (/wiki/Mere_Qatil_Mere_Dildar) – Momina Duraid (/wiki/Momina_Duraid) Maat (/wiki/Maat) – Amna Nawaz Khan (/w/index.php?title=Amna_Nawaz_Khan&action=edit&redlink=1) Roshan Sitara – Abdullah Kadwani (/wiki/Abdullah_Kadwani) and Humayun Saeed (/wiki/Humayun_Saeed) Yahan Pyar Nahi Hai (/w/index.php?title=Yahan_Pyar_Nahi_Hai&action=edit&redlink=1) – Syed Afzal Ali (/wiki/Syed_Afzal_Ali) Bari Aapa (/wiki/Bari_Aapa) – Momina Duraid (/wiki/Momina_Duraid) Farooq Rind (/wiki/Farooq) – Sanjha (/wiki/Sanjha) Sarmad Sultan Khoosat (/wiki/Sarmad_Sultan_Khoosat) – Shehr-e-Zaat (/wiki/Shehr-e-Zaat) Fahim Burney – Yahan Pyar Nahi Hai (/w/index.php?title=Yahan_Pyar_Nahi_Hai&action=edit&redlink=1) Amna Nawaz Khan (/w/index.php?title=Amna_Nawaz_Khan&action=edit&redlink=1) – Maat (/wiki/Maat_(TV_series)) Asim Ali – Mere Qatil Mere Dildar (/wiki/Mere_Qatil_Mere_Dildar) Siraj ul Haq (/wiki/Siraj_ul_Haq) – Roshan Sitara Haissam Hussain (/wiki/Haissam_Hussain) – Durr-e-Shahwar (/wiki/Durr-e-Shahwar) Mehreen Jabbar (/wiki/Mehreen_Jabbar) – Mata-e-Jaan Hai Tu (/wiki/Mata-e-Jaan_Hai_Tu) Adnan Haroon – Bilqees Kaur (/wiki/Bilqees_Kaur) Saif-e-Hassan – Bari Aapa (/wiki/Bari_Aapa) Best Actor (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Actor) Best Actress (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Actress) Noman Ejaz (/wiki/Noman_Ejaz) – Bari Aapa (/wiki/Bari_Aapa) Ahsan Khan (/wiki/Ahsan_Khan_(actor)) – Mere Qatil Mere Dildar (/wiki/Mere_Qatil_Mere_Dildar) Adnan Siddiqui (/wiki/Adnan_Siddiqui) – Mere Qatil Mere Dildar (/wiki/Mere_Qatil_Mere_Dildar) Mikaal Zulfiqar (/wiki/Mikaal_Zulfiqar) – Shehr-e-Zaat (/wiki/Shehr-e-Zaat) Imran Aslam (/wiki/Imran_Aslam_(actor)) – Sanjha (/wiki/Sanjha) Faisal Rehman (/wiki/Faisal_Rehman) – Zard Mausam (/wiki/Zard_Mausam) Mahira Khan (/wiki/Mahira_Khan) – Shehr-e-Zaat (/wiki/Shehr-e-Zaat) Mehwish Hayat (/wiki/Mehwish_Hayat) – Mere Qatil Mere Dildar (/wiki/Mere_Qatil_Mere_Dildar) Saba Qamar (/wiki/Saba_Qamar) – Yahan Pyar Nahi Hai (/w/index.php?title=Yahan_Pyar_Nahi_Hai&action=edit&redlink=1) Saba Qamar (/wiki/Saba_Qamar) – Maat (/wiki/Maat_(TV_series)) Aamina Sheikh (/wiki/Aamina_Sheikh) – Maat (/wiki/Maat_(TV_series)) Sanam Baloch (/wiki/Sanam_Baloch) – Roshan Sitara Sania Saeed (/wiki/Sania_Saeed) – Zard Mausam (/wiki/Zard_Mausam) Savera Nadeem (/wiki/Savera_Nadeem) – Bari Aapa (/wiki/Bari_Aapa) Best Supporting Actor (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Supporting_Actor) Best Supporting Actress (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Supporting_Actress) Mohib Mirza (/wiki/Mohib_Mirza) – Shehr-e-Zaat (/wiki/Shehr-e-Zaat) Kashif Mehmood (/wiki/Kashif_Mehmood) – Bilqees Kaur (/wiki/Bilqees_Kaur) Imran Aslam (/wiki/Imran_Aslam_(actor)) – Mohabbat Jaye Bhar Mein (/wiki/Mohabbat_Jaye_Bhar_Mein) Rehan Sheikh (/wiki/Rehan_Sheikh) – Sanjha (/wiki/Sanjha) Babar Khan (/wiki/Babar_Khan) – Ek Tamanna Lahasil Si (/wiki/Ek_Tamanna_Lahasil_Si) Shagufta Ejaz (/wiki/Shagufta_Ejaz) – Mere Qatil Mere Dildar (/wiki/Mere_Qatil_Mere_Dildar) Samina Peerzada (/wiki/Samina_Peerzada) – Roshan Sitara Saba Hameed (/wiki/Saba_Hameed) – Ek Tamanna Lahasil Si (/wiki/Ek_Tamanna_Lahasil_Si) Sadia Imam (/wiki/Sadia_Imam) – Bilqees Kaur (/wiki/Bilqees_Kaur) Sajjal Ali (/wiki/Sajjal_Ali) – Mere Qatil Mere Dildar (/wiki/Mere_Qatil_Mere_Dildar) Hina Dilpazeer (/wiki/Hina_Dilpazeer) – Mohabbat Jaye Bhar Mein (/wiki/Mohabbat_Jaye_Bhar_Mein) Best Soap Actor (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Soap_Actor) Best Soap Actress (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Soap_Actress) Imran Aslam (/wiki/Imran_Aslam_(actor)) – Nikhar Gaye Gulab Sare (/wiki/Nikhar_Gaye_Gulab_Sare) Danish Taimoor (/wiki/Danish_Taimoor) – Raju Rocket (/wiki/Raju_Rocket) Farhan Ali Agha (/wiki/Farhan_Ali_Agha) – Mar Jain Bhi To Kya (/wiki/Mar_Jain_Bhi_To_Kya) Junaid Khan (/wiki/Junaid_Khan_(singer)) – Mujhay Roothnay Na Daina Sumbul Iqbal (/wiki/Sumbul_Iqbal) – Raju Rocket (/wiki/Raju_Rocket) Komal Rizvi (/wiki/Komal_Rizvi) – Mujhay Roothnay Na Daina Arij Fatyma (/wiki/Arij_Fatyma) – Mar Jain Bhi To Kya (/wiki/Mar_Jain_Bhi_To_Kya) Mawra Hocane (/wiki/Mawra_Hocane) – Nikhar Gaye Gulab Sare (/wiki/Nikhar_Gaye_Gulab_Sare) Best Comic Actor (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Comic_Actor) Best Comic Sitcom (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Comic_Sitcom) Uroosa Siddiqui (/wiki/Siddiqui) – Fun Khana (/wiki/Fun_Khana) Ismail Tara (/wiki/Ismail_Tara) – One Way Ticket (/w/index.php?title=One_Way_Ticket_(TV_series)&action=edit&redlink=1) Danish Nawaz (/wiki/Danish_Nawaz) – Extras (The Mango People) (/wiki/Extras_(The_Mango_People)) Barkat Ali Siddiqui (/w/index.php?title=Barkat_Ali_Siddiqui&action=edit&redlink=1) – Halka Na Lo (/wiki/Halka_Na_Lo) Danish Nawaz (/wiki/Danish_Nawaz) – Extras (The Mango People) (/wiki/Extras_(The_Mango_People)) Samina Ahmad (/wiki/Samina_Ahmad) – One Way Ticket (/w/index.php?title=One_Way_Ticket_(TV_series)&action=edit&redlink=1) Salman Abbas (Nomi) (/w/index.php?title=Salman_Abbas_(Nomi)&action=edit&redlink=1) – Halka Na Lo (/wiki/Halka_Na_Lo) Momina Duraid (/wiki/Momina_Duraid) – Fun Khana (/wiki/Fun_Khana) Best Drama Series (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Drama_Series) Best Soap Series (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Soap_Series) Kitni Girhain Baqi Hain (/wiki/Kitni_Girhain_Baqi_Hain) – Angeline Malik (/wiki/Angeline_Malik) (Solo Nominee) Mujhay Roothnay Na Daina – Momina Duraid (/wiki/Momina_Duraid) Raju Rocket (/wiki/Raju_Rocket) – Eveready Pictures Nikhar Gaye Gulab Sare (/wiki/Nikhar_Gaye_Gulab_Sare) – Momina Duraid (/wiki/Momina_Duraid) Mar Jain Bhi To Kya (/wiki/Mar_Jain_Bhi_To_Kya) – Momina Duraid (/wiki/Momina_Duraid) Best Writer Drama Serial (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Writer_Drama_Serial) Best Host of the Year (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Host) Umera Ahmad (/wiki/Umera_Ahmad) – Maat (/wiki/Maat_(TV_series)) Umera Ahmad (/wiki/Umera_Ahmad) – Shehr-e-Zaat (/wiki/Shehr-e-Zaat) Farhat Ishtiaq (/wiki/Farhat_Ishtiaq) – Mata-e-Jaan Hai Tu (/wiki/Mata-e-Jaan_Hai_Tu) Aliya Bukhari (/wiki/Aliya_Bukhari) – Mere Qatil Mere Dildar (/wiki/Mere_Qatil_Mere_Dildar) Faiza Iftikhar – Yahan Pyar Nahi Hai (/w/index.php?title=Yahan_Pyar_Nahi_Hai&action=edit&redlink=1) Faiza Iftikhar – Bilqees Kaur (/wiki/Bilqees_Kaur) Sarwat Nazir (/wiki/Sarwat_Nazir) – Roshan Sitara Syed Wasi Shah (/w/index.php?title=Wasi_Shah&action=edit&redlink=1) – Ek Tamanna Lahasil Si (/wiki/Ek_Tamanna_Lahasil_Si) Samira Fazal (/wiki/Samira_Fazal) – Bari Aapa (/wiki/Bari_Aapa) Fahad Mustafa (/wiki/Fahad_Mustafa) – Jago Pakistan Jago (/wiki/Jago_Pakistan_Jago) (Solo Nominee) Best Television Sensation Male (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Television_Sensation_Male) Best Television Sensation Female (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Television_Sensation_Female) Shehryar Munawar Siddiqui (/wiki/Shehryar_Munawar_Siddiqui) – Meray Dard Ko Jo Zuban Miley (/wiki/Meray_Dard_Ko_Jo_Zuban_Miley) Suhaee Abro (/wiki/Suhaee_Abro) – Sanjha (/wiki/Sanjha) Best Onscreen Couple (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Onscreen_Couple) Best Original Soundtrack (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Original_Soundtrack) Fawad Afzal Khan (/wiki/Fawad_Afzal_Khan) and Mahira Khan (/wiki/Mahira_Khan) – Humsafar (/wiki/Humsafar) Mikaal Zulfiqar (/wiki/Mikaal_Zulfiqar) and Mahira Khan (/wiki/Mahira_Khan) – Shehr-e-Zaat (/wiki/Shehr-e-Zaat) Ahsan Khan (/wiki/Ahsan_Khan_(actor)) and Mehwish Hayat (/wiki/Mehwish_Hayat) – Mere Qatil Mere Dildar (/wiki/Mere_Qatil_Mere_Dildar) "Mere Qatil Mere Dildar" from Mere Qatil Mere Dildar (/wiki/Mere_Qatil_Mere_Dildar) – Sara Raza Khan (/wiki/Sara_Raza_Khan) and Sohail Haider "Jab Se Roshan" from Roshan Sitara - Bilal Khan and Qurat-ul-Ain Balouch (/wiki/Qurat-ul-Ain_Balouch) "Mata-e-Jaan Hai Tu" from Mata-e-Jaan Hai Tu (/wiki/Mata-e-Jaan_Hai_Tu) – Bilal Khan "Babul angana preetam" from Sanjha (/wiki/Sanjha) – Sanam Marvi (/wiki/Sanam_Marvi) "Ye nadamat kyun hai" from Nadamat (/wiki/Nadamat) – Rahat Fateh Ali Khan (/wiki/Rahat_Fateh_Ali_Khan) "Jeet uski Hui" from Maat (/wiki/Maat_(TV_series)) – Muhammad Ali (/wiki/Muhammad_Ali) Music [ edit ] Best Solo Artist (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Solo_Artist) Best Music Video (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Music_Video) Shehzad Roy (/wiki/Shehzad_Roy) – Apne Ullo (/w/index.php?title=Apne_Ullo&action=edit&redlink=1) Abbas Ali Khan – Per Mein Hun Ruka Sa Hadiqa Kiani (/wiki/Hadiqa_Kiani) – Jab say Tum (/wiki/Hadiqa_Kiani) Faakhir Mehmood (/wiki/Faakhir_Mehmood) – Baliye (/wiki/Faakhir_Mehmood) Baliye (/wiki/Faakhir_Mehmood) – Sayed Ali Raza (/w/index.php?title=Sayed_Ali_Raza&action=edit&redlink=1) Ye zameen (/w/index.php?title=Maram_%26_Aabroo&action=edit&redlink=1) – Maram & Aabroo (/w/index.php?title=Maram_%26_Aabroo&action=edit&redlink=1) Per main Hun Ruka Sa – Usman Mukhtar Apne Ullo (/w/index.php?title=Apne_Ullo&action=edit&redlink=1) – Ehsan Rahim (/wiki/Ahsan) Fashion [ edit ] Best Model Male (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Model_Male) Best Model Female (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Model_Female) Abbas Jafri (/wiki/Abbas_Jafri) Muhammad Mubarik Ali (/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Mubarik_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1) Iffy Athar Amin (/w/index.php?title=Athar_Amin&action=edit&redlink=1) Abdullah Ejaz (/wiki/Abdullah_Ejaz) Ayyan (/wiki/Ayyan_Ali) Neha Ahmed (/wiki/Ahmad) Rabia Butt (/wiki/Rabia_Butt) Fouzia Aman (/w/index.php?title=Fouzia_Aman&action=edit&redlink=1) Nadia Ali (/w/index.php?title=Nadia_Ali_(model)&action=edit&redlink=1) Amna Ilyas (/wiki/Amna_Ilyas) Best Designer Menswear (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Designer_Menswear) Best Designer Womenswear (/wiki/Hum_Award_for_Best_Designer_Womenswear) Deepak Perwani (/wiki/Deepak_Perwani) – DP-Deepak Perwani Arsalan Yahseer (/w/index.php?title=Arsalan_Yahseer&action=edit&redlink=1) – AY-Arsalan & Yahseer Emran Rajput (/w/index.php?title=Emran_Rajput&action=edit&redlink=1) – ԐR-EMRAAN RAJPUT Nauman Arfeen (/w/index.php?title=Nauman_Arfeen&action=edit&redlink=1) – Naushemian Nomi Ansari (/w/index.php?title=Nomi_Ansari&action=edit&redlink=1) – DNA-Diffusion by Nomi Ansari Asifa and Nabeel – Asifa & Nabeel Ali Xeeshan (/w/index.php?title=Ali_Xeeshan&action=edit&redlink=1) – Ali Xeeshan Signature Weddings Fahad Hussain (/w/index.php?title=Fahad_Hussain&action=edit&redlink=1) – Fahad Hussayn Trousseau Nadia Azwar (/w/index.php?title=Nadia_Azwar&action=edit&redlink=1) – Nadia Azwer Atelier Zaheer Abbas (/wiki/Zaheer_Abbas) – ÁΖ-Zaheer Abbas Honorary Hum Awards [ edit ] Hosted by Bushra Ansari (/wiki/Bushra_Ansari) , the honorary awards in TV and Music categories are presented to Pakistani artists. Lifetime Achievement Award Moin Akhtar (/wiki/Moin_Akhtar) Hum Honorary Award in Music Ustad Rais Khan (/wiki/Ustad_Rais_Khan) Hum Honorary Most Challenging Subject Award Razia Butt (/wiki/Razia_Butt) ( Posthumous Award (/wiki/Posthumous_Award) ) Momina Duraid (/wiki/Momina_Duraid) Haissam Hussain (/wiki/Haissam_Hussain) Samira Fazal (/wiki/Samira_Fazal) Hum Honorary Award in Television Nayyer Kamal (/wiki/Nayyar_Kamal) Zaheen Tahira (/wiki/Tahira) Munawer saeed (/wiki/Saeed) Badar Khalil (/wiki/Badar_Khalil) Qazi Wajid (/wiki/Qazi_Wajid) Qavi Khan (/wiki/Qavi_Khan) Talat Hussain (/wiki/Talat_Hussain_(actor)) Anwar Maqsood (/wiki/Anwar_Maqsood) Shakeel (/wiki/Shakeel) Abid Ali (/wiki/Abid_Ali_(actor)) Hum Honorary Phenomenal Serial Award Momina Duraid (/wiki/Momina_Duraid) Farhat Ishtiaq (/wiki/Farhat_Ishtiaq) Sarmad Sultan Khoosat (/wiki/Sarmad_Sultan_Khoosat) Mahira Khan (/wiki/Mahira_Khan) Fawad Khan (/wiki/Fawad_Khan) Atiqa Odho (/wiki/Atiqa_Odho) Naveen Waqar (/wiki/Naveen_Waqar) Hina Khawaja Bayat (/wiki/Hina_Khawaja_Bayat) Qaiser Naqvi (/wiki/Qaiser_Naqvi) Saba Faisal Sara Kashif (/w/index.php?title=Sara_Kashif&action=edit&redlink=1) Noor Hassan Rizvi (/wiki/Noor_Hassan_Rizvi) Qurat-ul-Ain Balouch (/wiki/Qurat-ul-Ain_Balouch) Waqar Ali (/wiki/Waqar_Ali) Naseer Turabi (/wiki/Naseer_Turabi) Shehzad Kashmiri (/w/index.php?title=Shehzad_Kashmiri&action=edit&redlink=1) Tanveer Dramas with multiple awards and nominations [ edit ] The following 21 Dramas received multiple nominations: [9] (#cite_note-9) Nominations Drama 10 Mere Qatil Mere Dildar (/wiki/Mere_Qatil_Mere_Dildar) 6 Maat (/wiki/Maat) Shehr-e-Zaat (/wiki/Shehr-e-Zaat) Roshan Sitara 5 Bari Aapa (/wiki/Bari_Aapa) 4 Yahan Pyar Nahi Hai (/w/index.php?title=Yahan_Pyar_Nahi_Hai&action=edit&redlink=1) Bilqees Kaur (/wiki/Bilqees_Kaur) Sanjha (/wiki/Sanjha) 3 Mata-e-Jaan Hai Tu (/wiki/Mata-e-Jaan_Hai_Tu) Ek Tamanna Lahasil Si (/wiki/Ek_Tamanna_Lahasil_Si) Mujhay Roothnay Na Daina Raju Rocket (/wiki/Raju_Rocket) Mar Jain Bhi To Kya (/wiki/Mar_Jain_Bhi_To_Kya) Nikhar Gaye Gulab Sare (/wiki/Nikhar_Gaye_Gulab_Sare) 2 Mohabbat Jaye Bhar Mein (/wiki/Mohabbat_Jaye_Bhar_Mein) Zard Mausam (/wiki/Zard_Mausam) Extras (The Mango People) (/wiki/Extras_(The_Mango_People)) One Way Ticket (/w/index.php?title=One_Way_Ticket_(TV_series)&action=edit&redlink=1) Humsafar (/wiki/Humsafar) Halka Na Lo (/wiki/Halka_Na_Lo) Fun Khana (/wiki/Fun_Khana) The following four dramas received multiple awards: [8] (#cite_note-Winners-8) Awards Drama 3 Shehr-e-Zaat (/wiki/Shehr-e-Zaat) 2 Humsafar (/wiki/Humsafar) Sanjha (/wiki/Sanjha) Mere Qatil Mere Dildar (/wiki/Mere_Qatil_Mere_Dildar) Presenters and performers [ edit ] The following individuals were presented awards or performed musical numbers. Presenters [ edit ] Name(s) Presented Asim Raza (/wiki/Asim_Raza) Ayyan (/wiki/Ayyan_(model)) presenter of the awards of Hum Best Solo artist & Hum Best music video Shebaz Khan (/w/index.php?title=Shebaz_Khan&action=edit&redlink=1) (brand manager Telenor talk shalk) Nadia Hussain (/wiki/Nadia_Hussain) Presenter of the award of Hum best model female Ammar Ahmad (/w/index.php?title=Ammar_Ahmad&action=edit&redlink=1) (Marketing manager Nokia Pakistan) Vaneeza Ahmad (/wiki/Vaneeza_Ahmad) Presenter of the award of Hum Best model male Tapu Javeri (/wiki/Tapu_Javeri) (Designer) Nabeela Presenter of the awards of Hum Best designer Women's wear & Hum Best designer men's wear Anwar Maqsood (/wiki/Anwar_Maqsood) presenter of the award of Hum lifetime Achievement Award Shebaz Khan (/w/index.php?title=Shebaz_Khan&action=edit&redlink=1) (brand manager Telenor talk shalk) Alamgir (pop singer) (/wiki/Alamgir_(pop_singer)) Presenter of the award of Hum Best Original Sound Track Adeel Hussain (/wiki/Adeel_Hussain) Ayesha Omar (/wiki/Ayesha_Omar) Presenter of the award of Hum best New TV sensation Imran Momina (Fuzon Band pianist) Ayesha Omer (/wiki/Ayesha_Omer) Presenter of the awards of Hum best comic actor & hum best Sitcom Aijaz Aslam (/wiki/Aijaz_Aslam) Alishba Yousuf (/wiki/Alishba_Yousuf) Presenter of the awards of Hum Best Host & Hum best Drama series Deepak Perwani (/wiki/Deepak_Perwani) Angeline Malik (/wiki/Angeline_Malik) Presenter of the award of Hum Best Soap actor Imran Abbas (/wiki/Imran_Abbas_(actor)) Sanam Jung (/wiki/Sanam_Jung) Presenter of the award of Hum Best Soap actress Misbah Khalid (/wiki/Misbah_Khalid) Saqib Malik (/w/index.php?title=Saqib_Malik&action=edit&redlink=1) Presenter of the award of Hum Best Soap series Bushra Ansari (/wiki/Bushra_Ansari) Duraid Qureshi (CEO Hum Network) Presenter of the awards of Hum Special Recognition to Pakistan Television (TV Stalwarts) Qavi Khan (/wiki/Qavi_Khan) Sanam Saeed (/wiki/Sanam_Saeed) presenter of the awards of Hum most challenging subject Sultana Siddiqui (/wiki/Sultana_Siddiqui) Presenter of the awards of Phenomenal serial Samina Peerzada (/wiki/Samina_Peerzada) Javaid Sheikh (/wiki/Javaid_Sheikh) Presenter of the award of Hum Special Recognition In Music Noor ul Huda Shah (/wiki/Noor_ul_Huda_Shah) (writer) Presenter of the award of Hum Best writer Drama serial Saba Qamar (/wiki/Saba_Qamar) Noman Ejaz (/wiki/Noman_Ejaz) Presenter of the award of Hum best director drama serial Zeba Bakhtiyar (/wiki/Zeba_Bakhtiyar) Ejaz Aslam (/wiki/Ejaz_Aslam) presenter of the award of Hum Best Supporting actress Asif Raza Mir (/wiki/Asif_Raza_Mir) Hina Khawaja Bayat (/wiki/Hina_Khawaja_Bayat) presenter of the award of Hum Best Supporting actor Aamina Sheikh (/wiki/Aamina_Sheikh) Mohib Mirza (/wiki/Mohib_Mirza) presenter of the award of Hum Best On Screen Couple Atiqa Odho (/wiki/Atiqa_Odho) M. Akram (Advisor to CEO Servis Sales Corp.) Presenter of the award ofHum best drama serial Samina Peerzada (/wiki/Samina_Peerzada) Mian Shahzad (head of communication Servis corp) Presenter of the award of Hum Best actor Hasan Khaild (/w/index.php?title=Hasan_Khaild&action=edit&redlink=1) (Comm. and trade mark. manager in service) Humayun Saeed (/wiki/Humayun_Saeed) Presenter of the award of Hum Best actress Performers [ edit ] Name(s) Role Performed Humayun Saeed (/wiki/Humayun_Saeed) Performer Performed on song with Noman Habib in order to promote his upcoming movie Mian Shahid Afridi Hun . Ahsan Khan (actor) (/wiki/Ahsan_Khan_(actor)) Mehwish Hayat (/wiki/Mehwish_Hayat) Performer Performed on Bollywood songs "Mujhe To Teri Lut Lag Gaye" from Race 2 (/wiki/Race_2) , Matru Ki Bijlee Ka Mandola (/wiki/Matru_Ki_Bijlee_Ka_Mandola) from the film by the same name and Biddu's remix of Nazia Hassan (/wiki/Nazia_Hassan) 's and Zohaib Hassan (/wiki/Zohaib_Hassan) 's "Disco Deewanay" Group Dancers LED Act An LED wear dress act by a girls on a musical Beats Umer Sharif (/wiki/Umer_Sharif) Performer Comic Act by himself. Rabbi Shergill (/wiki/Rabbi_Shergill) Performer Punjabi Indian artist Rabbi Shergill (/wiki/Rabbi_Shergill) performed Challa, Bulla Ki Jana Mein Kaun, Tere Bin Sanu Sohniya and Challa again. Fahad Mustafa (/wiki/Fahad_Mustafa) Performer Tribute to Pakistani acclaimed singers Alamgir (pop singer) (/wiki/Alamgir_(pop_singer)) , Atif Aslam (/wiki/Atif_Aslam) , Ali Zafar (/wiki/Ali_Zafar) and Zohaib Hassan (/wiki/Zohaib_Hassan) Humaima Malik (/wiki/Humaima_Malik) Performer Performed on different Indian songs Abida Parveen (/wiki/Abida_Parveen) Singer Sang Naraye Mastana . Ceremony Information [ edit ] The 1st Hum Awards were presented by Servis (/wiki/Servis) and powered by Telenor (/wiki/Telenor) , Talk Shawlk and Nokia Lumia (/wiki/Nokia_Lumia) . The music was composed by Waqar Ali (/wiki/Waqar_Ali) . In addition to hosting, the co-host Vasay Chaudry was the script writer, arranger, and writer of the ceremony. The main hosts were nominated for Best Actor in a lead role and Best Actress in a lead role. Voting Trend and Summary [ edit ] Voting Trend for 1st Hum Awards was very genuine and authentic. Awards have both involvement of Jury and Audience. At launching of Hum Awards Shazia Ramzi announces the voting trend and Categories for which the actors were nominated. Out of the 32 categories, seven categories are Viewers' Choice. [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) Voting for viewers' choice was did through IVR, SMS & on Hum TV (/wiki/Hum_TV) official Website from 20 February – 5 March 2013 [12] (#cite_note-12) (Voting and Nominations are closed now) The other categories will be judged by a specialist jury and includes, Best On-Screen Couple for which Fawad Khan and Mahira Khan are nominees for their appearance in the extremely popular series, Humsafar among others. Reception [ edit ] The show received a mixed reception from media outlets and print publications, generally lauding Mahira Khan (/wiki/Mahira_Khan) as a Host. People praise her much as a host. Mikaal also did a good job being doing a first full-fledged hosting. The whole ceremony was praised and watched by Pakistanis with full zenith, zeal and zest across the Globe. Ali Pir Gul nomination [ edit ] Pakistani comedian turned singer Ali Pir Gul was nominated at Hum awards in Music field but the team and management skips his nomination without knowing him which turned this news to a controversy. [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) See also [ edit ] Lux Style Awards (/wiki/Lux_Style_Awards) Nigar Awards (/wiki/Nigar_Awards) Pakistan Media Awards (/wiki/Pakistan_Media_Awards) PTV Awards (/wiki/PTV_Awards) Hum Awards (/wiki/Hum_Awards) List of Hum Awards Ceremonies (/wiki/List_of_Hum_Awards_Ceremonies) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Hum Network" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130610025452/http://www.hum.tv/index.php) . Archived from the original (http://hum.tv/index.php) on 10 June 2013 . Retrieved 2013-06-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Ratings by TVKahani" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130716140753/http://www.tvkahani.com/category/pakistani-dramas-ratings/) . Archived from the original (http://www.tvkahani.com/category/pakistani-dramas-ratings/) on 16 July 2013 . Retrieved 2013-06-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Ist Hum Awards" (http://www.secretcloset.pk/HUM-Network-held-its-Service-1st-HUM-Awards-in-Karachi/spotted/44.html) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20130609113425/http://www.secretcloset.pk/HUM-Network-held-its-Service-1st-HUM-Awards-in-Karachi/spotted/44.html) from the original on 9 June 2013 . Retrieved 2013-06-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Host and winners of Hum 1st Awards" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130911184335/http://www.viewscraze.com/2013/03/15/1st-hum-awards-2013-winners-list-with-event-pictures/#more-8630) . Archived from the original (http://www.viewscraze.com/2013/03/15/1st-hum-awards-2013-winners-list-with-event-pictures#more-8630) on 11 September 2013 . Retrieved 2013-06-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Mahira Khan and Mikaal Zulfiqar" (http://styleonpaper.com/tag/mahirah-khan/) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20130505091327/http://styleonpaper.com/tag/mahirah-khan/) from the original on 5 May 2013 . Retrieved 2013-06-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Winners of Hum Awards" (http://www.stylehutt.com/1st-hum-awards-2013/) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20130619071536/http://www.stylehutt.com/1st-hum-awards-2013/) from the original on 19 June 2013 . Retrieved 2013-06-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Hum Awards winners pictures" (http://entertainpakistani.blogspot.com/2013/04/hum-tv-awards-rare-pictures-revealed.html) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140227005830/http://entertainpakistani.blogspot.com/2013/04/hum-tv-awards-rare-pictures-revealed.html) from the original on 27 February 2014 . Retrieved 2013-06-18 . ^ Jump up to: a b THR Staff. "Hum Awards: Winners List" (http://www.web.pk/2013/first-hum-tv-awards-red-carpet-winners-list/) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20130718185340/http://www.web.pk/2013/first-hum-tv-awards-red-carpet-winners-list/) from the original on 18 July 2013 . Retrieved 2013-06-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "1st Hum Awards Show Nominations" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130301045651/http://showbizpak.com/news/1st-hum-tv-award-shows-nominations/) . showbizpak.com. 5 February 2013. Archived from the original (http://showbizpak.com/news/1st-hum-tv-award-shows-nominations/) on 1 March 2013 . Retrieved 25 February 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Nominations For Hum awards" (http://reviewit.pk/nominations-for-hum-tv-awards-viewers-choice/) . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Nominations and entries for Hum awards" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160617171733/http://www.pakdiscussion.com/forum/showthread.php/67653-Nominations-And-Entries-of-HUM-TV-1st-Award-Show-26th-April-2013) . Archived from the original (http://www.pakdiscussion.com/forum/showthread.php/67653-Nominations-And-Entries-of-HUM-TV-1st-Award-Show-26th-April-2013) on 17 June 2016 . Retrieved 7 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Hum Awards Nominess" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150627180852/http://www.hum.tv/humawards/) . Archived from the original (http://www.hum.tv/humawards/) on 27 June 2015 . Retrieved 7 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Ali Gul Pir Disappointed at Being Forgotten by Hum TV Awards" (http://www.pakistanalerts.com/2013/03/ali-gul-pir-disappointed-at-being.html) . [ permanent dead link ] ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Artist disappointed at being forgotten by Hum TV awards" (http://tribune.com.pk/story/520211/artist-disappointed-at-being-forgotten-by-hum-tv-awards/) . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Inside Story of Hum Awards" (http://reviewit.pk/hum-tv-awards-an-inside-story/) . 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Painting by Pierre-Auguste Renoir in the Museum Folkwang Lise with a Parasol Lise with an umbrella Artist Pierre-Auguste Renoir (/wiki/Pierre-Auguste_Renoir) Year 1867 Medium oil paint (/wiki/Oil_paint) , canvas Dimensions 184 cm (72 in) × 115 cm (45 in) Location Museum Folkwang (/wiki/Museum_Folkwang) Accession No. G 144 [ edit on Wikidata (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2783729) ] Lise with a Parasol ( French (/wiki/French_language) : Lise – La femme à l'ombrelle ) is an oil on canvas (/wiki/Oil_on_canvas) painting by French artist Pierre-Auguste Renoir (/wiki/Pierre-Auguste_Renoir) , created in 1867 during his early Salon period. The full-length painting depicts model Lise Tréhot (/wiki/Lise_Tr%C3%A9hot) posing in a forest. She wears a white muslin dress and holds a black lace parasol to shade her from the sunlight, which filters down through the leaves, contrasting her face in the shadow and her body in the light, highlighting her dress rather than her face. After having several paintings rejected by the Salon (/wiki/Salon_(Paris)) , Renoir's Lise with a Parasol was finally accepted and exhibited in May 1868. The painting was one of Renoir's first critically successful works during his early Salon period, an accomplishment which would only be surpassed more than a decade later with Madame Georges Charpentier and Her Children (/wiki/Madame_Georges_Charpentier_and_Her_Children) (1878) at the Salon of 1879. In the late 1860s, Renoir's technique was still influenced by Gustave Courbet (/wiki/Gustave_Courbet) , but he continued to develop his unique style painting filtered light which he would return to in The Swing (/wiki/The_Swing_(Pierre-Auguste_Renoir)) (1876) and Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette (/wiki/Bal_du_moulin_de_la_Galette) (1876). The almost life-size portrait and unusual contrast in Lise with a Parasol led several critics to ridicule the work. Théodore Duret (/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Duret) , a passionate supporter of the nascent Impressionists (/wiki/Impressionism) , bought the painting from Renoir, who was unable to sell it. Karl Ernst Osthaus (/wiki/Karl_Ernst_Osthaus) , a German patron of avant-garde art, acquired Lise with a Parasol in 1901 for the Museum Folkwang (/wiki/Museum_Folkwang) . Background [ edit ] Pierre-Auguste Renoir (/wiki/Pierre-Auguste_Renoir) (1841–1919) grew up in Paris, where his father worked as a tailor and his mother as a seamstress. [1] (#cite_note-dis3-1) Renoir trained as a porcelain painter for four years in his youth, but the Industrial Revolution (/wiki/Industrial_Revolution) was well underway and technological innovation in porcelain manufacturing replaced porcelain painters with machines, leaving Renoir without a career. [note 1] (#cite_note-jewell-3) [3] (#cite_note-fei-4) He soon found work as a decorative commercial artist during the day, painting fans for ladies, church banners for overseas missionaries, and ornamental blinds. Renoir's early decorative and artisanal work gave him the ability to paint both with speed and skill. [3] (#cite_note-fei-4) [4] (#cite_note-lh1-5) In addition to this work, Renoir learned to draw in the evenings and spent his free time studying paintings at the Louvre (/wiki/Louvre) . [4] (#cite_note-lh1-5) In November 1860, he entered the private studio of Charles Gleyre (/wiki/Charles_Gleyre) (1806–1874) and was later admitted to the École des Beaux-Arts (/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_Beaux-Arts) in April 1861. [5] (#cite_note-6) In Gleyre's studio, Renoir became friends with fellow students Claude Monet (/wiki/Claude_Monet) (1840–1926), Alfred Sisley (/wiki/Alfred_Sisley) (1839–1899), and Frédéric Bazille (/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Bazille) (1841–1870). [6] (#cite_note-7) During the summer of 1862, Renoir and his friends painted landscapes in the Forest of Fontainebleau (/wiki/Forest_of_Fontainebleau) , following in the tradition of the Barbizon school (/wiki/Barbizon_school) before them. [note 2] (#cite_note-rail-9) It was in the forest where Renoir first met Narcisse Virgilio Díaz (/wiki/Narcisse_Virgilio_D%C3%ADaz) (1807–1876), who, according to popular anecdote, saved Renoir from a vicious beating by using his cane to beat away attackers who were making fun of Renoir's porcelain smock. [8] (#cite_note-10) Renoir and Díaz had shared interests; they both got their start as decorators of porcelain before turning to painting. Díaz helped mentor Renoir, gave him access to art supplies, and influenced and changed his style, discouraging Renoir's overuse of bitumen and leading him to lighten his palette. [9] (#cite_note-11) Art critic Jean Bouret (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Bouret) writes: "Diaz, still wearing his old porcelain decorator's smock (like Troyon (/wiki/Constant_Troyon) and Dupré (/wiki/Jules_Dupr%C3%A9) ), happened to meet Renoir in a clearing of the forest and recommended to him to use lighter tones, the very advice he himself had been given by Rousseau (/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Rousseau) thirty years earlier. So a tradition was handed on, and henceforth, it would be the task of other 'sons of light' to bear the torch." [10] (#cite_note-12) In his research on collaboration and friendship dynamics among the French Impressionists, sociologist Michael P. Farrell notes that the group learned together from their shared successes and failures. The successful application of new knowledge about color Renoir acquired from Díaz was quickly shared with his friends. Sisley was resistant at first, thinking it was "crazy" to paint colored light ("The idea of making trees blue and the ground purple!" [note 3] (#cite_note-farr1-14) ) instead of the dark colors used in the classical style they were used to applying. But after playing around with the idea, Sisley soon embraced the new practice, and it was shared with Monet and Bazille. Renoir's exploratory use of color confirmed what Monet had previously learned from his mentor, Dutch painter Johan Jongkind (/wiki/Johan_Jongkind) (1819–1891), a forerunner of Impressionism. But with the success of these experiments also came failures, which were still influential. Monet's experiment with large format painting and his failure with Luncheon on the Grass (/wiki/Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe_(Monet,_Paris)) (1865–1866) greatly influenced the close group of friends, with Monet's style helping to later inform Renoir's approach to Lise with a Parasol in 1867. [12] (#cite_note-farr2-15) Renoir began submitting his work to the Salon in 1863. [4] (#cite_note-lh1-5) His first submission, Nymph and Faun , was rejected, leading Renoir to destroy his painting. The next year, Renoir tried again, submitting La Esméralda to the Salon of 1864. [note 4] (#cite_note-loy-17) Despite its acceptance, Renoir once again destroyed his painting. Two of Renoir's works, Portrait de William Sisley (/wiki/File:Pierre-Auguste_Renoir_-_William_Sisley.jpg) (1864) and Soirée d'été , were accepted by the Salon of 1865. [14] (#cite_note-dur3-18) [15] (#cite_note-kin-19) Of all of Renoir's four early Salon submissions between 1863 and 1866, only one work survives ( Portrait de William Sisley ). [16] (#cite_note-20) In that same year, Renoir met Lise Tréhot (/wiki/Lise_Tr%C3%A9hot) through his friend, former architect and painter Jules Le Cœur (/wiki/Jules_Le_C%C5%93ur) , who was involved in a relationship with Clémence (/wiki/File:Renoir_Portrait_de_Cl%C3%A9mence_Tr%C3%A9hot.jpg) , Lise's sister. Jules was featured in two of Renoir's works in 1866, Mother Anthony's Tavern (/wiki/Mother_Anthony%27s_Tavern) and Jules Le Cœur in Fontainebleau Forest . From around 1865 to 1872, Lise modeled for Renoir and was his lover and companion during his early Salon period. Meanwhile, Renoir continued to face rejection at the Salon with Paysage avec deux figures (/wiki/Lise_Tr%C3%A9hot#Table_row_7) (1866) and Diana (/wiki/Diana_(Renoir_painting)) (1867), two works featuring Lise as a model. [17] (#cite_note-21) Renoir's innovative work brought great ridicule and poverty, as he was unable to sell his paintings. He survived by devoting himself to painting portraits for wealthy patrons like the Le Cœur family. [14] (#cite_note-dur3-18) For about a decade, Renoir painted portraits and still lifes for the Le Cœurs and received a commission from Jules's brother Charles ( Charles Le Cœur , 1874) to paint decorations on the ceiling for a town house he was designing for Romanian Prince George Bibescu. [note 5] (#cite_note-white-23) [19] (#cite_note-24) Later, in 1874, the Le Cœurs ten year patronage came to an abrupt end when Renoir sent Charles's 16-year-old daughter Marie, ( Portrait of Marie Le Cœur , 1870) a love letter (/wiki/Love_letter) , leading to Renoir's permanent ban from the Le Cœur residence. [20] (#cite_note-coo2-25) The Le Cœur family were the first collectors of Renoir's work and held on to his paintings until the 1920s. [21] (#cite_note-26) Art historian Douglas Cooper (/wiki/Douglas_Cooper_(art_historian)) notes, "Like Lise, the Le Coeurs had given moral support and encouragement to Renoir during those bleak years when he was struggling, in the face of poverty and frustration, to overcome the difficulties of allowing his artistic personality and vision to develop. And like Lise, too, they disappear out of Renoir's ambiance just at the moment when his style first attains to maturity and shortly before he was to experience his first worldly successes." [20] (#cite_note-coo2-25) Forest of Fontainebleau (1858) by Narcisse Virgilio Díaz Mother Anthony's Tavern (1866) Jules Le Cœur in Fontainebleau Forest (1866) Woman with Bird (1866). The extant remaining portion of Paysage avec deux figures featuring Lise Portrait of Marie Le Cœur (1870) Charles Le Cœur (1872) Development [ edit ] Renoir sold himself as a figure painter (/wiki/Figure_painter) during the early Salon period from 1863 to 1873, where he created large-scale works featuring figures in the outdoors, with only one landscape ( Soirée d'été (/wiki/Lost_artworks) ) submitted to the Salon during that entire time. Before the Impressionists held their first exhibitions in the 1870s, conventional academic art ranked landscape painting lower than history, portraiture, and genre painting. [22] (#cite_note-27) "Despite his attachment to Le Cœur and Marlotte, and to Monet and Sisley", writes art historian Colin B. Bailey (/wiki/Colin_B._Bailey) , "landscape painting was a secondary endeavor for him." [23] (#cite_note-28) Oddly enough, Renoir's refusal to identify himself as a landscapist to conform to the academic art demands of the day may have worked against his efforts to sell his paintings, as art dealers like Paul Durand-Ruel (/wiki/Paul_Durand-Ruel) were looking to buy landscapes, not figure paintings. [24] (#cite_note-29) Due to his financial difficulties and his parents' small apartment that had seven adults living in just three rooms, Renoir spent these early years living with his wealthy artist friends Frédéric Bazille (/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Bazille) (1841–1870),Le Cœur, Edmond Maître (/wiki/Edmond_Ma%C3%AEtre) (1840–1898), and Sisley who also helped him find commissions. By July 1866, Renoir was living with Bazille at 20 rue Visconti on the Left Bank, and stayed there until December 1867. [25] (#cite_note-30) He began painting Lise with a Parasol in the summer of 1867, possibly in August, when he was 26 years old. Previously, it was assumed that Renoir had composed the painting in the Fontainebleau forest (/wiki/Fontainebleau_forest) , close to Chailly-en-Brie (/wiki/Chailly-en-Brie) near Bourron-Marlotte (/wiki/Bourron-Marlotte) , just like he had done with Mother Anthony's Tavern (/wiki/Mother_Anthony%27s_Tavern) (1866). [26] (#cite_note-31) More recent scholarship points to Renoir painting the work in the Chantilly Forest (/wiki/Chantilly_Forest) of Chantilly, Oise (/wiki/Chantilly,_Oise) , for two months, from July to August. [note 6] (#cite_note-cooper-33) [28] (#cite_note-34) During this time, Maître sent a message to Bazille about how Renoir's technique had changed, writing on August 23, 1867, that although Renoir was now in Chantilly, Maître saw him in Paris earlier in the year where Renoir was "painting strange canvases, having traded turpentine for an infamous sulfate and using, instead of a knife, the little syringe that you know." [29] (#cite_note-35) It is unknown if Renoir completed the painting of Lise with a Parasol in the studio or en plein air (/wiki/En_plein_air) in the forest. "Even if Renoir largely worked on the painting in the studio", writes art historian Gary Tinterow (/wiki/Gary_Tinterow) , "we do not know enough about his practice in the 1860s". In spite of that, Renoir "presented his subjects as plein air painting". [30] (#cite_note-tin1-36) Self-portrait (1876), age 35. Exhibition [ edit ] Renoir submitted the work to the Salon of 1868 with the short and simple title of "Lise". The painting was accepted by the Salon and received positive feedback. [31] (#cite_note-roo-37) [note 7] (#cite_note-monnier-40) It was Renoir's first critically successful work at the Salon, only later surpassed with the greater success of Madame Georges Charpentier and Her Children (/wiki/Madame_Georges_Charpentier_and_Her_Children) (1878) at the Salon of 1879. [34] (#cite_note-41) However, in spite of this achievement, "the jury had stigmatized Renoir as a rebel, along with Courbet, Manet, and Monet", according to Tinterow. [35] (#cite_note-42) The attention Renoir garnered with Lise led the administrators of the Salon to move Lise , along with paintings by Bazille and Monet, to a remote gallery known as the "rubbish dump" ( dépotoir ). [31] (#cite_note-roo-37) When Renoir's work was exhibited by the Salon early in his career, it was often skied (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sky#Verb) , [15] (#cite_note-kin-19) a process where his paintings were deliberately hung in areas such as high places and corners where it was difficult for the public to view and would receive the least attention. [36] (#cite_note-bor-43) Art historian Jane M. Roos notes that "relegating works to the dépotoir was a favorite tactic of the administration, a 'humiliation' in Castagnary's (/wiki/Jules-Antoine_Castagnary) words and a sure sign that a painting had displeased the establishment or, perhaps, pleased the public too much." [31] (#cite_note-roo-37) Description [ edit ] Lise with a Parasol is a large format, almost life-size portrait painting (/wiki/Portrait_painting) of a young woman in full-length, standing on the edge of a forest clearing with the shade of a grove of oak trees composing the background. The woman stands in full frontal pose exposed to the full light of the summer sun while her face is partly obscured, turned to the left in three-quarter profile (/wiki/Three-quarter_profile) , shadowed by her parasol. [37] (#cite_note-44) She wears a small, pork pie (/wiki/Pork_pie_hat) straw hat with red ribbons, and a long white muslin (/wiki/Muslin) dress with a long black sash; the dress is modestly buttoned to the neck and has long sheer sleeves. Lise carries a black lace parasol to shade her head while her body is in strong sunlight, standing on a patch of grass. The initials of "A" (Auguste) and "L" (Lise) are marked as an arborglyph (/wiki/Arborglyph) on the trunk of the tree in the shade behind her. [38] (#cite_note-45) Style and themes [ edit ] Art historian John House (/w/index.php?title=John_House_(art_historian)&action=edit&redlink=1) notes that the work "explore[s] the borderlines between portraiture and genre painting (/wiki/Genre_painting) ". [39] (#cite_note-luc1-46) Renoir's decision to name the painting using only the first name of his model indicates, according to House, that this is not a traditional portrait painting, as such works typically used family names or initials. By using Lise's first name as the title, House argues that Renoir was pointing to her status as a mistress (/wiki/Mistress_(lover)) (or an unmarried female lover and companion). [39] (#cite_note-luc1-46) Renoir's presentation of Lise with a Parasol in the full-length, life-size format was, writes Peter H. Feist (/wiki/Peter_H._Feist) , a style typically reserved for royalty (/wiki/Grand_Manner) in the Western tradition. [40] (#cite_note-47) Visitor to scale. The large format is apparent. Renoir's early use of the misty effect in his portrait of Lise with a Parasol would later be drawn upon by the artist in future works, writes art critic Charles Louis Borgmeyer (/w/index.php?title=Charles_Louis_Borgmeyer&action=edit&redlink=1) . At least two later paintings featuring this mistiness (/wiki/Mist) , best exemplified by the figure of the man in La Loge (/wiki/La_Loge) (1874) and the figure of the ballerina in The Dancer (1874), were presented at the first exhibition (/wiki/Batignolles_group#First_exhibition) of what would later be known as the Impressionists in April 1874. "What Claude Monet, Sisley, Guillaumin and Pissarro were doing with landscape", writes Borgmeyer, "Renoir did with figures. He adopted their pure color and bright tonality and under his brush the face, the flesh, even the accessories, took on exceptional radiance." [41] (#cite_note-48) Historian Aileen Ribeiro (/wiki/Aileen_Ribeiro) notes Renoir's interest in fashion may have originated with family, as his father was a tailor and his mother was a dressmaker. [note 8] (#cite_note-Groom-50) Renoir was interested in female fashion, and would often plan the outfits and accessories his models would wear in his paintings. Accounts from the time indicate that Renoir took a particular interest in female hats. [43] (#cite_note-51) According to Anne Distel (/wiki/Anne_Distel) , although Lise was a working class seamstress, her appearance in a "fine dress and umbrella suggests some holiday extravagance" in the context of the painting. [44] (#cite_note-52) Critical reception [ edit ] In the late 1860s, Renoir was still in the process of developing his own unique style and technique. Critics noted that Lise with a Parasol , like several of Renoir's earlier paintings, Mother Anthony's Tavern (/wiki/Mother_Anthony%27s_Tavern) (1866) and Diana (/wiki/Diana_(Renoir_painting)) (1867), showed the influence of other artists, notably French Realist (/wiki/Realism_(art_movement)) painter Gustave Courbet (/wiki/Gustave_Courbet) . [45] (#cite_note-53) Art historians Lionello Venturi (/wiki/Lionello_Venturi) and Jean Leymarie (/wiki/Jean_Leymarie_(art_historian)) both note the influence of Courbet, particularly from his work Young Ladies of the Village (/wiki/Young_Ladies_of_the_Village) (1852). The model for the central figure in that painting is Courbet's sister Juliette, who appears in profile holding a parasol in a similar pose to Renoir's Lise. [46] (#cite_note-54) Critics evoked comparison with previous paintings and artists such as the image of the Symphony in White, No. 1: The White Girl (/wiki/Symphony_in_White,_No._1:_The_White_Girl) (1861–62) by James Abbott McNeill Whistler (/wiki/James_Abbott_McNeill_Whistler) , the image of Olympia (/wiki/Olympia_(Manet)) (1863) by Édouard Manet (/wiki/%C3%89douard_Manet) , and the painting of Camille (/wiki/Camille_(Monet)) (1866) by Claude Monet (/wiki/Claude_Monet) . [47] (#cite_note-55) Art critic Zacharie Astruc (/wiki/Zacharie_Astruc) and writer Émile Zola (/wiki/%C3%89mile_Zola) both viewed Renoir's Lise with a Parasol as a continuation of Monet's Camille . [48] (#cite_note-56) Astruc, who was also Renoir's personal friend, described Lise as the "likeable Parisian girl in the woods", [49] (#cite_note-57) and viewed the painting as part of a trinity beginning with Manet's Olympia , followed by Camille and ending with Lise with a Parasol . [50] (#cite_note-58) There was no major opposition to Lise with a Parasol at the Salon. [51] (#cite_note-59) Art critic Théophile Thoré (/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophile_Thor%C3%A9-B%C3%BCrger) , an early supporter of the Impressionists, praised the work. [52] (#cite_note-60) Thoré wrote: "The dress of white gauze is in full light, but with a slight greenish cast from the reflection of the foliage. The head and neck are held in a delicate half-shadow under the shade of the parasol. The effect is so natural and so true that one might very well find it false, because one is used to nature represented in conventional colors, but does not color depend on the environment which surrounds it?" [53] (#cite_note-61) Tinterow attributes direct criticism of the painting to Renoir's decision to shadow Tréhot's face in darkness and emphasize the reflection of sunlight from her white dress. This unusual contrast was immediately noticed by critics who ridiculed Tréhot's appearance. [30] (#cite_note-tin1-36) In Le Salon Pour Rire , French caricaturist André Gill (/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Gill) likened Tréhot in Lise with a Parasol to "a nice semisoft cheese out for a stroll", [54] (#cite_note-62) while Ferdinand de Lasteyrie (/wiki/Ferdinand_de_Lasteyrie) described the painting as "the figure of a fat woman daubed with white". [55] (#cite_note-63) Works Young Ladies of the Village (1852) by Gustave Courbet Comparison between the central figure of Young Ladies of the Village and Lise with a Parasol Symphony in White, No. 1: The White Girl (1861–62) by James Abbott McNeill Whistler Olympia (1863) by Edouard Manet Camille (1866) by Claude Monet Women in the Garden (1866) by Claude Monet Caricatures contemporaneous with the Salon of 1868 By André Gill (/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Gill) By Henri-Charles Oulevay (/w/index.php?title=Henri-Charles_Oulevay&action=edit&redlink=1) By Chassagnol (/w/index.php?title=Chassagnol&action=edit&redlink=1) , with a quatrain by Philippe Dubois (/w/index.php?title=Philippe_Dubois&action=edit&redlink=1) (Vabontrain). Provenance [ edit ] In a letter from Renoir to Frédéric Bazille in September 1869, Renoir writes about his desperation for money: "I exhibited [the portraits of] Lise and Sisley at Carpentier's. I am going to try to stick him for about 100 francs, and I'm going to put my woman in white up for auction. I'll sell it for whatever price it goes for; it's all the same to me." [56] (#cite_note-64) Renoir was unable to sell the painting. In 1872, Théodore Duret (/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Duret) (1834–1917), now known as "one of the earliest and most ardent defenders" of the Impressionists, [57] (#cite_note-65) met Renoir for the first time through Edgar Degas (/wiki/Edgar_Degas) (1834–1917). At the time, Duret was not impressed by Renoir's Bohemian approach. However, Degas praised Renoir's work, which encouraged Duret to seek out his paintings in local galleries. In March 1873, Duret purchased Renoir's In Summer (/wiki/In_Summer_(Renoir)) (1868) for 400 or 500 francs (/wiki/French_franc) , possibly at an art gallery in Montmartre. Now interested in what Renoir had to offer, Duret went searching for the artist. Renoir told Duret that he was unable to pay rent for his studio and needed to quickly sell his paintings. Duret met with Renoir in his studio and chose to purchase Lise , the painting Duret liked most, on the spot for 1,200 francs. Before Duret purchased Lise , the canvas was sitting on the floor rolled up because Renoir was forced to sell the stretcher bar (/wiki/Stretcher_bar) . "Nobody wanted the canvas", wrote German art critic Julius Meier-Graefe (/wiki/Julius_Meier-Graefe) . [58] (#cite_note-66) Duret later sold the painting to Paul Durand-Ruel (/wiki/Paul_Durand-Ruel) in Paris on June 5, 1890; Durand-Ruel exhibited the painting in March 1901 in Hamburg, Germany, at a gallery owned by Berlin art dealer Paul Cassirer (/wiki/Paul_Cassirer) , a manager of the Berlin Secession (/wiki/Berlin_Secession) who was promoting French paintings in Germany against the wishes of the Kaiser. [59] (#cite_note-67) Cassirer bought the painting several months later on May 10. [60] (#cite_note-68) Later that same month, on May 23, Karl Ernst Osthaus (/wiki/Karl_Ernst_Osthaus) , a patron of the European avant-garde, paid 18,000 Goldmarks (/wiki/German_gold_mark) for Lise with a Parasol and brought it to his Folkwang Museum in Hagen (/wiki/Hagen) , Germany. [61] (#cite_note-69) In a letter to his wife Gertrude, Osthaus writes, "The Renoir is so incredibly beautiful that I couldn't resist." [62] (#cite_note-70) The painting was moved to Essen (/wiki/Essen,_Germany) when the museum relocated in 1922 as the Museum Folkwang (/wiki/Museum_Folkwang) . [63] (#cite_note-71) Related work [ edit ] A sister painting, Portrait of Lise (Lise holding a bouquet of wild flowers) (#Table_row_1) (1867), was completed around the same time as the larger Lise with a Parasol . In both works, she appears in a forest wearing a similar dress and the same earrings, but in Portrait of Lise she wears a blue rather than a black sash. [64] (#cite_note-72) House notes the thematic and narrative similarity between Lise with a Parasol and La Promenade (/wiki/La_Promenade_(Renoir)) (1870), as the expectations of the waiting woman in Lise with a Parasol are fulfilled in La Promenade , with the private, romantic rendezvous between lovers in the forest, a popular nineteenth century theme. [65] (#cite_note-73) A later painting, Woman with Parasol Seated in the Garden (#Table_row_3) (1872), features Lise seated, modeling a similar dress with a red sash, hat, and parasol. [66] (#cite_note-74) Lise with a Parasol was the first of Renoir's paintings to feature a human figure with light filtering through plant leaves from above. Later works by Renoir that make use of this same style include The Swing (/wiki/The_Swing_(Pierre-Auguste_Renoir)) (1876) and Bal du moulin de la Galette (/wiki/Bal_du_moulin_de_la_Galette) (1876). [67] (#cite_note-75) In May 1878, Théodore Duret published Les Peintres Impressionnistes , one of the first historical works about the Impressionist movement. For Duret's book, Renoir created a drawing of Lise with a Parasol , which Duret used as a frontispiece (/wiki/Book_frontispiece) ; it is the only image of a painting from the entire Impressionist movement in the book. [68] (#cite_note-draw-76) In the section on Renoir, Duret speaks glowingly about Lise with a Parasol to help Renoir win commissions from future patrons. "Renoir excels in portraiture", writes Duret. "I doubt that any painter has ever depicted women in a more seductive way." [69] (#cite_note-77) Year Image Title Type Dimensions Gallery Notes 1867 Portrait of Lise (Lise holding a bouquet of wild flowers) Oil on canvas 156 cm × 129 cm Private collection The sister painting to Lise with a Parasol . Once owned by French haute couture fashion designer Jeanne Lanvin (/wiki/Jeanne_Lanvin) [70] (#cite_note-78) 1870 La Promenade Oil on canvas 813 cm × 648 cm Getty Center (/wiki/Getty_Center) The romantic rendezvous hinted at in Lise with a Parasol 1872 Woman with Parasol Seated in the Garden Oil on canvas 46 cm × 37.9 cm Private collection Similar outfit to Lise with a Parasol 1878 Lise with a Parasol (drawing) Drawing by Renoir used as a frontispiece by Duret in his 1878 book on Impressionism [68] (#cite_note-draw-76) See also [ edit ] List of paintings by Pierre-Auguste Renoir (/wiki/List_of_paintings_by_Pierre-Auguste_Renoir) Notes and references [ edit ] Notes ^ (#cite_ref-jewell_3-0) Edward Alden Jewell: "It is amusing to note that if it had not been for the unhappy invention of machine printing on porcelain, Renoir would have remained a decorator of china vases to the end of his days." [2] (#cite_note-2) ^ (#cite_ref-rail_9-0) See the history of rail transport in France (/wiki/History_of_rail_transport_in_France) . "In 1849 the extension of the railway to the departmental capital of nearby Melun brought hoards of visitors to the forest. A contemporary guide book complains that the once virgin forest was now criss-crossed with countless paths laid out for bourgeois visitors; as one mid-century writer put it: 'everyone today knows Fontainebleau. For the Parisians, above all, the railway has turned it into a suburb.'" [7] (#cite_note-8) ^ (#cite_ref-farr1_14-0) As quoted in Farrell 2001 (#far) , pp. 35-36. Regarding the novelty of painting colored light and the conservative backlash to the practice by the art world (/wiki/Art_world) at the time, Duret writes: "Owing to their practice of always working face to face with nature, the Impressionists had learned to catch all its multitudinous aspects, and thus recorded on their canvases certain unsuspected effects. For instance they perceived that in winter sunshine the shadows thrown upon the snow appear to be blue, and they painted them blue accordingly. They had also discovered that in summer the light under the trees gives the ground a violet tinge, and therefore in painting woods they made the ground violet. Renoir in particular had painted a ball at Montmartre, Moulin de la galette, and a picture of a swing, Balançoire, in which the figures underneath sunlit trees are dappled with splashes of light, and the whole canvas is conceived in a general violet tone...The novelty of blue and violet shadows had produced a great outcry. Nobody seriously inquired whether in bright sunlight the shadows on the snow and under the trees might not actually possess the colors which the Impressionists had given them. The fact that such effects had never been seen in pictures before was sufficient to lead the conservative prejudices of the beholders to reject them with contempt." [11] (#cite_note-13) ^ (#cite_ref-loy_17-0) La Esméralda draws upon the character of Esméralda (/wiki/Esm%C3%A9ralda_(The_Hunchback_of_Notre-Dame)) from Victor Hugo's 1831 novel The Hunchback of Notre-Dame (/wiki/The_Hunchback_of_Notre-Dame) . [13] (#cite_note-16) ^ (#cite_ref-white_23-0) Prince George Bibescu was the son of Gheorghe Bibescu (/wiki/Gheorghe_Bibescu) and Zoe Brâncoveanu (/wiki/Craiove%C8%99ti) (born Mavrocordatos (/wiki/Mavrocordatos_family) ). [18] (#cite_note-22) ^ (#cite_ref-cooper_33-0) There is some debate about where the painting was made. Douglas Cooper (/wiki/Douglas_Cooper_(art_historian)) argues that the painting was probably completed in Chantilly, not Fontainebleau as commonly assumed according to Vollard. [27] (#cite_note-32) ^ (#cite_ref-monnier_40-0) The social and economic importance of the Salon as an institution accepting Renoir's work is best explained by Gérard Monnier: "The Salon in the nineteenth century was [...] the place where the artist established his relationship with power—administrative power, academic power and economic power. Stemming from its status as a shop-window, demonstrative of the realities operating elsewhere, the Salon was transformed into a place of confrontation and competition, a place of sales, a place determining the extent of the social existence of the artist." [32] (#cite_note-38) Sylvie Patry: "The Salon was a crucial milestone in an artist's career. Having work accepted and being seen and noticed was absolutely critical for an artist." [33] (#cite_note-39) ^ (#cite_ref-Groom_50-0) Renoir came from a family of tailors and dressmakers. His father was a tailor, his mother was a dressmaker, and his brother Victor was a tailor who married a dressmaker. Renoir's elder sister Maria Elisa was also a dressmaker. She married fashion illustrator Charles Leray in 1864. [42] (#cite_note-49) References ^ (#cite_ref-dis3_1-0) Distel 2010 (#dis3) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Jewell 1944 (#jew) , p. 36. ^ a b Feist 1987 (#fei) , p. 8. ^ a b c Lucy & House 2012 (#luc) , p. 1. ^ (#cite_ref-6) Tinterow 1994b (#tin2) , pp. 304-305. ^ (#cite_ref-7) Eitner 1992 (#eit) , p. 369. ^ (#cite_ref-8) Adams 1994 (#ada) , p. 8. ^ (#cite_ref-10) Vollard 1925 (#vol) , pp. 33-34. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Tinterow 1994b (#tin2) , pp. 306, 453; Vollard 1925 (#vol) , pp. 33-34. ^ (#cite_ref-12) Bouret 1973 (#bou) , p. 239. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Duret 1910 (#dur3) , "Chapter XI. Last Years", pp. 93-94. ^ (#cite_ref-farr2_15-0) Farrell 2001 (#far) , pp. 35-36. ^ (#cite_ref-16) Loyrette 1994b (#loy1) p. 39. ^ a b Duret 1910 (#dur3) , pp. 160-169. ^ a b Kingsley 1899 (#kin) , pp. 442–443. ^ (#cite_ref-20) Patry 2022 (#pat) . Event occurs at 0:12:07. ^ (#cite_ref-21) Distel 1995 (#dis2) , pp. 21-24. ^ (#cite_ref-22) (in Romanian) Roseti, Roxana; Teodorescu, Vlad (March 20, 2010). "Prințul rătăcitor" (https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20161013084739/http://jurnalul.ro/special-jurnalul/reportaje/printul-ratacitor-539212.html?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-US&_x_tr_pto=wapp) . Jurnalul Național . ^ (#cite_ref-24) White 2017 (#whi2) , pp. 37-38. ^ a b Cooper 1959b (#coo2) , p. 328. ^ (#cite_ref-26) Distel 1990 (#dis1) , pp. 11-16. ^ (#cite_ref-27) House 2007 (#hou2) , pp. 10-11; Bailey 2007, p. 51-53. ^ (#cite_ref-28) Bailey 2007 (#bai) , p. 53. ^ (#cite_ref-29) Bailey 2007 (#bai) , p. 54. ^ (#cite_ref-30) White 2017 (#whi2) , pp. 64-67. ^ (#cite_ref-31) Bouret 1973 (#bou) , pp. 208, 234, 239, 255. ^ (#cite_ref-32) Cooper 1959a (#cou1) , p. 167. ^ (#cite_ref-34) Tinterow 1994b (#tin2) , p. 319. ^ (#cite_ref-35) Tinterow 1994a (#tin1) , p. 141. ^ a b Tinterow 1994a (#tin1) , p. 140. ^ a b c Roos 1996 (#roo) , p. 118-119. ^ (#cite_ref-38) Monnier 1995 (#mon) , p. 129, as cited in Maloon 2005 (#mal) , p. 244. ^ (#cite_ref-39) Patry 2022 (#pat) . Event occurs at 11:41. ^ (#cite_ref-41) Donahue 2013 (#don) , p. 20. ^ (#cite_ref-42) Tinterow 2003 (#tin3) , p. 516. ^ (#cite_ref-bor_43-0) Borgmeyer 1913 (#bor) , p. 146. ^ (#cite_ref-44) Patry 2022 (#pat) . Event occurs at 0:07:02. ^ (#cite_ref-45) Distel 2010 (#dis3) ; Lucy & House 2012 (#luc) , pp. 2, 69; Patry 2022 (#pat) . Event occurs at 0:15:15. ^ a b Lucy & House 2012 (#luc) , p. 69. ^ (#cite_ref-47) Feist 1987 (#fei) , pp. 17-18. ^ (#cite_ref-48) Borgmeyer 1913 (#bor) , p. 155. ^ (#cite_ref-49) Groom 2012 (#gro) , p. 249. ^ (#cite_ref-51) Ribeiro 2019 (#rib) . Event occurs at 10:58. ^ (#cite_ref-52) Distel 2012 (#dis4) . Event occurs at 11:16. ^ (#cite_ref-53) Wintle 2009 (#win) , p. 634. ^ (#cite_ref-54) Venturi 1950 (#ven) , p. 99; Leymarie 1955, pp. 48-49. ^ (#cite_ref-55) Denvir 1993 (#den2) , p. 51-52; Distel 1995, pp. 24-26. ^ (#cite_ref-56) Tinterow 1994a (#tin1) p. 140; Loyrette 1994a, p. 210. ^ (#cite_ref-57) House 2013 (#hou3) , pp. 29-30. ^ (#cite_ref-58) Loyrette 1994a (#loy) , p. 210. ^ (#cite_ref-59) Duret 1910 (#dur3) , p. 111; Borgmeyer 1913, p. 146. ^ (#cite_ref-60) Schneider 1958 (#sch) , p. 91. ^ (#cite_ref-61) Denvir 1990 (#den1) , p. 36. ^ (#cite_ref-62) Tinterow 1994a (#tin1) p. 140; Distel 1995 (#dis1) , p. 25. ^ (#cite_ref-63) White 2010 (#whi1) , p. 28. ^ (#cite_ref-64) Distel 1990 (#dis1) , p. 53; House 1997, pp. 45-46; 57. ^ (#cite_ref-65) Alexandre 1892 (#ale) , pp. 13-14. ^ (#cite_ref-66) Meier-Graefe 1920 (#mei) , p. 10-12. ^ (#cite_ref-67) Hansen 2015 (#han) , p. 164-165. ^ (#cite_ref-68) Patry 2022 (#pat) . ^ (#cite_ref-69) Parent 2000 (#par) , p. 124. ^ (#cite_ref-70) Patry 2022 (#pat) . Event occurs at 00:03:18. ^ (#cite_ref-71) Museum Folkwang 2022 (#fol) ; Patry 2022 (#pat) . Event occurs at 00:00:50. ^ (#cite_ref-72) Christie's 2008 (#chr) . ^ (#cite_ref-73) House 1997 (#hou1) , pp. 45-46; 57. ^ (#cite_ref-74) Whitmore 2014 (#whi) , pp. 346-347; 359. ^ (#cite_ref-75) Duret 1910 (#dur3) , p. 162-163. ^ a b De Grada 1989 (#deg) , p. 14; Denvir 1993 (#den) , p. 109; Duret 1878 (#dur1) . ^ (#cite_ref-77) White 2017 (#whi2) , p. 67. See Duret 1878 (#dur1) , pp. 27–28. ^ (#cite_ref-78) Schlumberger 1963 (#sch) as cited in Christie's 2008 (#chr) . Bibliography [ edit ] Adams, Steven (1994). The Barbizon School & the Origins of Impressionism (https://archive.org/details/barbizonschoolor00adam) . Phaidon Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-7148-2919-6 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7148-2919-6) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 34355336 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/34355336) . Alexandre, Arsène (/wiki/Ars%C3%A8ne_Alexandre) (1892). Exposition A. Renoir: Galeries Durand-Ruel (https://archive.org/details/expositionarenoi00dura) . Impr. de l'art, E. Ménard. OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 889838110 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/889838110) . Bailey, Colin B. (/wiki/Colin_B._Bailey) (2007). "'The Greatest Illuminosity, Colour, and Harmony': Renoir's Landscapes, 1862-1883". In Colin B. Bailey (ed.) Renoir landscapes: 1865-1883 (https://archive.org/details/renoirlandscapes0000unse) . National Gallery Company. pp. 50-81. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781857093179 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781857093179) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 72868889 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/72868889) . Borgmeyer, Charles Louis (March 1913). " The Master Impressionists (Chapter IV) (https://archive.org/details/jstor-25587164) ." Fine Arts Journal , 28 (3): 132-162. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2307/25587164 (https://doi.org/10.2307%2F25587164) . Bouret, Jean (1973)[1972] The Barbizon School and 19th Century French Landscape Painting (https://archive.org/details/barbizonschool190000bour) . Thames and Hudson. New York Graphic Society. OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 949368 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/949368) . Portrait de Lise (Lise tenant un bouquet de fleurs des champs) (http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/paintings/pierre-auguste-renoir-portrait-de-lise-5099998-details.aspx) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150924044337/http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/paintings/pierre-auguste-renoir-portrait-de-lise-5099998-details.aspx) 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) . Christie's . June 24, 2008. Cooper, Douglas (/wiki/Douglas_Cooper_(art_historian)) (May 1959a). " Renoir, Lise and the Le Cœur Family: A Study of Renoir's Early Development-1 Lise (https://www.jstor.org/stable/872723) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190302024955/https://www.jstor.org/stable/872723) 2019-03-02 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ." The Burlington Magazine , 101 (674): 162–171. OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 53397979 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53397979) . (subscription required) Cooper, Douglas (Sept–Oct 1959b). " Renoir, Lise and the Le Cœur Family: A Study of Renoir's Early Development-II: The Le Cœurs (https://www.jstor.org/stable/872743) ." The Burlington Magazine , 101 (678/679): 320, 322–329. OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 53397979 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53397979) . (subscription required) De Grada, Raffaele (1989). Renoir (https://archive.org/details/renoir0000degr) . Trans. by Andrew Cannon and Jay Hyams. Arch Cape Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-517-68372-5 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-517-68372-5) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 983886287 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/983886287) . Denvir, Bernard (1990). The Thames and Hudson Encyclopaedia of Impressionism (https://archive.org/details/thameshudsonency0000denv) . Thames and Hudson. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780500202395 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780500202395) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1334629510 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1334629510) . Denvir, Bernard (1993). The Chronicle of Impressionism (https://archive.org/details/chronicleofimpre0000denv) . Thames and Hudson. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780500236659 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780500236659) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 954795365 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/954795365) . Distel, Anne (/wiki/Anne_Distel) (1990). Impressionism: The First Collectors (https://archive.org/details/impressionismfir0000dist) . Trans. by Barbara Perroud-Benson. Harry N. Abrams. p. 53. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-8109-3160-5 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8109-3160-5) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 20566765 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/20566765) . Distel, Anne (1995). Renoir: A Sensuous Vision (https://archive.org/details/renoirsensuousvi0000dist) . "Abrams Discoveries" series. New York: Harry N. Abrams. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780810928756 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810928756) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 34704757 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/34704757) . Distel, Anne (2010). Renoir . Abbeville Press. pp. 23, 62–73. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0789210579 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0789210579) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 435419243 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/435419243) . Distel, Anne (March 7, 2012). " Renoir and the Woman of Paris (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BqSizKheqIE) ". The Frick Collection. Retrieved May 1, 2023. Donahue, Nathaniel J. (September 2013). Decorative Modernity and Avant-Garde Classicism In Renoir’s Late Work, 1892-1919 (https://www.proquest.com/openview/7bc14af249812dc4fa42a0c792acd6a1/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750) (PhD thesis). New York University. OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 872612917 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/872612917) . Retrieved August 2, 2023. Duret, Théodore (1878). Les peintres impressionistes: Claude Monet-Sisley- C. Pissarro-Renoir-Berthe Morisot (https://archive.org/details/lespeintresimpre00dure) . Librairie Parisienne. OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1333449543 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1333449543) . Duret, Théodore (/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Duret) (1902). Histoire d'Edouard Manet et de son oeuvre (https://archive.org/details/gri_33125004485856/) . H. Floury. OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 768310014 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/768310014) . Duret, Théodore (/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Duret) (1910). Manet and the French Impressionists (https://archive.org/details/manetfrenchimpre00dureuoft) . Trans. by J. E. Crawford Flitch. G. Richards. OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 744658 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/744658) . Eitner, Lorenz (/wiki/Lorenz_Eitner) (1992). An Outline of 19th Century European Painting: From David through Cézanne (https://archive.org/details/outlineof19thcen0000eitn) . Volume I. Harper & Row. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-06-432976-3 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-432976-3) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 49225406 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49225406) . Feist, Peter H. (/wiki/Peter_H._Feist) (1987). Pierre-Auguste Renoir 1841–1919: A Dream of Harmony (https://archive.org/details/pierreaugusteren0000feis_u5x0) . Taschen. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9783822800652 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783822800652) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 19524758 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/19524758) . Farrell, Michael P. (2001). Collaborative Circles: Friendship Dynamics and Creative Work. University of Chicago Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780226238661 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226238661) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 472808666 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/472808666) . Groom, Gloria (2012). Impressionism, Fashion, & Modernity . The Art Institute of Chicago. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780300184518 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780300184518) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 816976764 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/816976764) . pp. 37, 51, 75, 94, 96-97, 284, 305. Hansen, Dorothee (2015). "Durand Ruel and German". In Patry, Sylvie (ed.). Inventing Impressionism: Paul Durand-Ruel and the Modern Art Market (https://archive.org/details/inventingimpress0000unse/) . National Gallery. Yale University Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781857095845 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781857095845) . pp. 152-170. House, John (1997). Pierre-Auguste Renoir: La Promenade (http://www.getty.edu/publications/virtuallibrary/0892363657.html) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150703091218/http://www.getty.edu/publications/virtuallibrary/0892363657.html) 2015-07-03 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) . Getty Publications. pp. 17, 55, 57. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780892363650 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780892363650) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 37109128 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37109128) . House, John (2007). "The Public Face of Renoir as a Landscapist". In Colin B. Bailey (/wiki/Colin_B._Bailey) (ed.) Renoir landscapes: 1865-1883 (https://archive.org/details/renoirlandscapes0000unse) . National Gallery Company. pp. 10-17. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781857093179 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781857093179) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 72868889 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/72868889) . House, John. (2013). " The Many Faces of Lise Tréhot: Pierre-Auguste Renoir's Portraits of (http://issuu.com/dallasmuseumofart/docs/brettell_book_final_issuu/27?e=0) Parisiennes Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220217223910/https://issuu.com/dallasmuseumofart/docs/brettell_book_final_issuu/27?e=1467945/5977278) 2022-02-17 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ." In Heather MacDonald (ed.) Impressionism and Post-Impressionism at the Dallas Museum of Art . The Richard R. Brettell Lecture Series. Yale University Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-300-18757-1 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-18757-1) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 844731572 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/844731572) . Jewell, Edward Alden (/wiki/Edward_Alden_Jewell) (1944). French Impressionists and their Contemporaries Represented in American Collections (https://archive.org/details/frenchimp00jewe) . The Hyperion Press. OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1216969 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1216969) . Kingsley, Rose Georgina (1899). A History of French Art, 1100–1899 (https://archive.org/details/gri_33125007732312) . Longmans, Green and Company. OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 192135341 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/192135341) . Leymarie, Jean (/wiki/Jean_Leymarie_(art_historian)) (1955). Impressionism: Biographical and Critical Study (https://archive.org/details/impressionismbio01leym) . Trans. by James Emmons. Volume I. OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 592843 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/592843) . Loyrette, Henri (/wiki/Henri_Loyrette) (1994a). "Portraits and Figures". Origins of Impressionism (https://books.google.com/books?id=kLEpf5a49V0C) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160603201112/https://books.google.com/books?id=kLEpf5a49V0C) 2016-06-03 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) . Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) . pp. 183-232. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780870997174 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780870997174) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 30623473 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/30623473) Loyrette, Henri (/wiki/Henri_Loyrette) (1994b). "History Painting". Origins of Impressionism (https://books.google.com/books?id=kLEpf5a49V0C) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160603201112/https://books.google.com/books?id=kLEpf5a49V0C) 2016-06-03 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) . Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) . pp. 29-54. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780870997174 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780870997174) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 30623473 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/30623473) Lucy, Martha. John House (2012). Renoir in the Barnes Foundation . Yale University Press. pp. 1–2, 69. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780300151008 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780300151008) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 742017633 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/742017633) . Maloon, Terence (2005). Camille Pissarro (https://archive.org/details/camillepissarro0000unse) . Art Gallery of New South Wales. Yale University Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780300115529 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780300115529) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 68187386 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/68187386) . Meier-Graefe, Julius (/wiki/Julius_Meier-Graefe) (1920). Auguste Renoir (https://archive.org/details/augusterenoir00meieuoft) . (in German) R. Piper. p. 10–14, 110. OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 697606917 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/697606917) . Museum Folkwang - Collection Online (http://collection-online.museum-folkwang.de/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=ExternalInterface&module=collection&objectId=3180&viewType=detailView) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220217213844/http://collection-online.museum-folkwang.de/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=ExternalInterface&module=collection&objectId=3180&viewType=detailView) 2022-02-17 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) . Essen. "Acquired in 1901 for the Museum Folkwang, Hagen, since 1922 Essen". Retrieved September 15, 2022. Parent, Thomas (2000). Das Ruhrgebiet: vom "goldenen" Mittelalter zur Industriekultur . DuMont Reiseverlag. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9783770131594 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783770131594) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 237374514 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/237374514) . Patry, Sylvie (March 24, 2022). " In search of Lise, Renoir's model and muse (https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=wdiCGsbqjq8) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220920232734/https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=wdiCGsbqjq8) 2022-09-20 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ". Jubiläumsvortragsreihe 1922/2022. (Jubilee Lecture Series 1922/2022). Museum Folkwang (/wiki/Museum_Folkwang) . Retrieved April 11, 2023. Ribeiro, Aileen (/wiki/Aileen_Ribeiro) (March 28, 2012). " Renoir and the Democracy of Fashion (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaNOM1hRHJs) ". The Frick Collection. Alex Gordon Lecture in the History of Art. Roos, Jane Mayo (1996). Early impressionism and the French state (1866-1874) (https://archive.org/details/earlyimpressioni0000roos) . Cambridge University Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780521552448 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521552448) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 185335700 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/185335700) . Schneider, Bruno F. (1958) Renoir (http://archive.org/details/renoir0000schn_e2z0) . Trans. by Desmond and Camille Clayton. Crown Publishers. OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1154531114 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1154531114) . Strieter, Terry W. (1999). Nineteenth-century European Art: A Topical Dictionary . Greenwood Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-313-29898-1 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-29898-1) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 185705650 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/185705650) . Tinterow, Gary (/wiki/Gary_Tinterow) (1994a). "Figures in a Landscape". Origins of Impressionism (https://books.google.com/books?id=kLEpf5a49V0C) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160603201112/https://books.google.com/books?id=kLEpf5a49V0C) 2016-06-03 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) . Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) . pp. 125–148. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780870997174 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780870997174) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 30623473 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/30623473) Tinterow, Gary. Henri Loyrette (/wiki/Henri_Loyrette) (1994b). Origins of Impressionism (https://books.google.com/books?id=kLEpf5a49V0C) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160603201112/https://books.google.com/books?id=kLEpf5a49V0C) 2016-06-03 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) . Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 410, 454. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780870997174 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780870997174) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 30623473 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/30623473) . Tinterow, Gary; Geneviève Lacambre (/wiki/Genevi%C3%A8ve_Lacambre) (2003). Manet/Velázquez: The French Taste for Spanish Painting . Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781588390400 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781588390400) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 216911741 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/216911741) . Turner, Jane (2000). The Grove Dictionary of Art: From Renaissance to Impressionism: Styles and Movements in Western Art 1400-1900 (https://archive.org/details/grovedictionaryo0000unse) . Macmillan. p. 163. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780312229757 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780312229757) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 43076942 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/43076942) Venturi, Lionello (/wiki/Lionello_Venturi) (1950). Impressionists and Symbolists: Manet, Degas, Monet, Pissarro, Sisley, Renoir, Cezanne, Seurat, Gauguin, Van Gogh, Toulouse-Lautrec (https://archive.org/details/lionelloventurii0000unse) . Trans. by Francis Steegmuller. Scribner. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780815404590 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780815404590) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1305096 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1305096) . Vollard, Ambroise (/wiki/Ambroise_Vollard) (1925). Renoir: An Intimate Record (https://archive.org/details/renoirintimatere00voll) . Trans. by Harold L. Van Doren and Randolph T. Weaver. Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780486264882 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780486264882) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 23082906 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23082906) . White, Barbara Ehrlich (2010). Renoir: His Life, Art, and Letters . Abrams. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780810996076 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810996076) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 503442731 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/503442731) . White, Barbara Ehrlich (2017). Renoir: An Intimate Biography (https://archive.org/details/renoirintimatebi0000whit) . Thames & Hudson. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780500774038 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780500774038) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1012226709 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1012226709) . Whitmore, Janet (Spring 2014). " Review: Impressionism, Fashion, and Modernity (http://www.19thc-artworldwide.org/spring14/whitmore-reviews-impressionism-fashion-and-modernity#_ftn2) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160521115815/http://www.19thc-artworldwide.org/spring14/whitmore-reviews-impressionism-fashion-and-modernity#_ftn2) 2016-05-21 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ." Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide , 13(1): 338-359. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1543-1002 (https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1543-1002) . Wintle, Justin (/wiki/Justin_Wintle) (2009). "Renoir, Pierre-Auguste". The Concise New Makers of Modern Culture . Routledge. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781134021390 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781134021390) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 228374446 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/228374446) . Further reading [ edit ] Migliaccio, Luciano (2008). Marques, Luiz (ed.). Catalogue of the Museu de Arte de São Paulo Assis Chateaubriand (https://masp.org.br/en/collections/works/the-painter-le-coeur-hunting-in-the-fontainebleau-forest) . MASP. Retrieved September 26, 2022. Zimmermann, Michael F. (2012). " From Bohemia to Arcadia: Renoir between Nervous Modernity and Primitive Eternity (http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/artdok/6140/1/Zimmermann_Michael_From_Bohemia_to_Arcadia_2012.pdf) " (PDF). In Zimmer, Nina (ed.). Renoir. Between Bohemia and Bourgeoisie: The Early Years . Ostfildern: Hatje Cantz Verlag. pp. 15-50. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9783720402002 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783720402002) . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lise - La femme à l'ombrelle (1867) by Pierre-Auguste Renoir in the Museum Folkwang (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lise_-_La_femme_%C3%A0_l%27ombrelle_(1867)_by_Pierre-Auguste_Renoir_in_the_Museum_Folkwang) . Description (https://sammlung-online.museum-folkwang.de:443/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=ExternalInterface&module=collection&objectId=3180&viewType=detailView) at the Museum Folkwang (/wiki/Museum_Folkwang) v t e Pierre-Auguste Renoir (/wiki/Pierre-Auguste_Renoir) Paintings List of paintings (/wiki/List_of_paintings_by_Pierre-Auguste_Renoir) Portrait of William Sisley (/wiki/Portrait_of_William_Sisley) (1864) Mother Anthony's Tavern (/wiki/Mother_Anthony%27s_Tavern) (1866) Diana (/wiki/Diana_(Renoir_painting)) (1867) Lise with a Parasol (1867) Frédéric Bazille at his Easel (/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Bazille_at_his_Easel) (1867) A Couple (Les Fiancés) (/wiki/A_Couple_(Les_Fianc%C3%A9s)) (1868) In Summer (/wiki/In_Summer_(Renoir)) (1868) Skaters in the Bois de Boulogne (/wiki/Skaters_in_the_Bois_de_Boulogne) (1868) Léonard Renoir, The Artist's Father (/wiki/L%C3%A9onard_Renoir,_The_Artist%27s_Father) (1869) La Grenouillère (/wiki/La_Grenouill%C3%A8re) (1869) A Nymph by a Stream (/wiki/A_Nymph_by_a_Stream) (1869-70) L'Algérienne (/wiki/Madame_Cl%C3%A9mentine_Valensi_Stora_(L%27Alg%C3%A9rienne)) (1870) La Promenade (/wiki/La_Promenade_(Renoir)) (1870) Bather with a Griffon Dog (/wiki/Bather_with_a_Griffon_Dog) (1870) Woman with Parakeet (/wiki/Woman_with_Parakeet) (1871) The Harem (/wiki/Parisian_Women_in_Algerian_Costume_(The_Harem)) (1872) Le Pont-Neuf (/wiki/Le_Pont-Neuf_(Renoir)) (1872) Claude Monet Painting in His Garden at Argenteuil (/wiki/Claude_Monet_Painting_in_His_Garden_at_Argenteuil) (1873) La Parisienne (/wiki/La_Parisienne_(Renoir_painting)) (1874) La Loge (/wiki/La_Loge) (1874) The Grand Boulevards (/wiki/The_Grands_Boulevards) (1875) Portrait of the Painter Claude Monet (/wiki/Portrait_of_the_Painter_Claude_Monet) (1875) In the Garden - Under the Arbour at the Moulin de la Galette (/wiki/In_the_Garden_-_Under_the_Arbour_at_the_Moulin_de_la_Galette) (1875) Woman with a Cat (/wiki/Woman_with_a_Cat_(Renoir)) (1875) Bal du moulin de la Galette (/wiki/Bal_du_moulin_de_la_Galette) (1876) Nude woman sitting on a couch (Anna) (/wiki/Female_Nude_(Renoir,_1876)) (1876) The Swing (/wiki/The_Swing_(Renoir)) (1876) A Girl with a Watering Can (/wiki/A_Girl_with_a_Watering_Can) (1876) Mother and Children (/wiki/Mother_and_Children) (1876) At the Theatre (/wiki/At_the_Theatre) (1876-1877) Eugène Murer (/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Murer_(Renoir)) (1877) The Day Dream (/wiki/The_Day_Dream_(Renoir)) (1877) The Cup of Chocolate (/wiki/The_Cup_of_Chocolate) (1878) Madame Georges Charpentier and Her Children (/wiki/Madame_Georges_Charpentier_and_Her_Children) (1878) Portrait of Jeanne Samary (/wiki/Portrait_of_Jeanne_Samary) (1878) Lunch at the Restaurant Fournaise (/wiki/Lunch_at_the_Restaurant_Fournaise) (1879) Paysage Bords de Seine (/wiki/Paysage_Bords_de_Seine) (1879) Portrait of Irène Cahen d'Anvers (La Petite Irène) (/wiki/Portrait_of_Ir%C3%A8ne_Cahen_d%27Anvers) (1880) Luncheon of the Boating Party (/wiki/Luncheon_of_the_Boating_Party) (1881) 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British fashion and beauty television presenter This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Naomi_Isted) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Naomi_Isted) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article is an orphan (/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan) , as no other articles link to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=Naomi_Isted&namespace=0) . Please introduce links (/wiki/Help:Link) to this page from related articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=Naomi+Isted&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=Naomi+Isted) ; try the Find link tool (https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=Naomi_Isted) for suggestions. ( May 2015 ) The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guideline for biographies (/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(people)) . 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( May 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Naomi Isted Isted at The Lost City of Z (/wiki/The_Lost_City_of_Z_(film)) premiere, 2016 Born ( 1979-02-23 ) 23 February 1979 (age 45) Grimsby (/wiki/Grimsby) , Lincolnshire (/wiki/Lincolnshire) , UK (/wiki/UK) Nationality British Occupation(s) Television Presenter (/wiki/Television_Presenter) , Columnist (/wiki/Columnist) , Blogger (/wiki/Blogger_(person)) , Fashion and Beauty Expert Spouse Haydn Isted (2009–present) Children 2 Website naomikisted (http://naomikisted.com) .com (http://naomikisted.com) Naomi Isted (born 23 February 1979) is a British fashion and beauty television presenter (/wiki/Television_presenter) , columnist (/wiki/Columnist) and blogger (/wiki/Blogger_(person)) . Born in Grimsby (/wiki/Grimsby) , she trained in Fashion Journalism (/wiki/Fashion_Journalism) at London Journalism Centre in 2014. [1] (#cite_note-1) Isted is a fashion columnist for the Herald Scotland (/wiki/Herald_Scotland) , [2] (#cite_note-2) and beauty blogger for HELLO Magazine (/wiki/Hello_(magazine)) . [3] (#cite_note-3) She presented the TV series Harley Street Beauty on Wedding TV (/wiki/Wedding_TV) in the UK. [4] (#cite_note-4) and has recently been presenting Lifestyle segments on ITV’s (/wiki/ITV_Studios) Good Morning Britain (/wiki/Good_Morning_Britain_(2014_TV_programme)) . Isted collaborated with the Evening Standard for London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) 2016 [5] (#cite_note-5) and writes an online fashion column for the Evening Standard (/wiki/London_Evening_Standard) [6] (#cite_note-6) In 2016 Isted styled the publicity campaign for the Westend Musical Dreamgirls (/wiki/Dreamgirls) at the Savoy Theatre, London. Isted has filmed various red carpets and fashion segments over the years for E! (/wiki/E!) [7] (#cite_note-7) In 2017 Isted was a guest expert at Beaches Resorts Brunch in collaboration with Absolute Mama Magazine. Isted was a brand ambassador (/wiki/Brand_ambassador) in 2014 for Pears Soap UK (/wiki/Pears_soap) [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) In July 2014 Isted presented the Orideja 2014 Fashion shapewear (/wiki/Shapewear) campaign. [10] (#cite_note-10) Personal life [ edit ] She married Haydn Isted in 2009, and the couple have two children, Rocco Isted and Fleur Isted. She also has two stepchildren from her husbands previous marriage to Louise Adams (Sister of Victoria Beckham (/wiki/Victoria_Beckham) ). References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Naomi Isted's article during her course Fashion Journalism at London Journalism Centre in 2014 (http://journalismcentre.co.uk/news/transgender-models-fashion-industry-storm/) ^ (#cite_ref-2) Naomi Isted's Fashion and Beauty Page on Herald Scotland (http://www.heraldscotland.com/author/beauty-and-best) ^ (#cite_ref-3) Naomi Isted on within HELLO Magazine Online (http://weddinghub.hellomagazine.com/the-london-lifestylist/) ^ (#cite_ref-4) Harley Street Beauty on Physique TV (http://www.physique-tv.com/en/shows/harley-beauty1.html) ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Fashion blogger Naomi Isted's best of London Fashion Week" (https://www.standard.co.uk/fashion/Framing-Fashion-London/fashion-blogger-naomi-isteds-best-of-london-fashion-week-a3355081.html) . Evening Standard . Retrieved 14 August 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Naomi Isted" (https://www.standard.co.uk/author/naomi-isted) . Evening Standard . Retrieved 14 August 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Fashion Guru Naomi Isted Shares Her Top Fashion Week Tips" (http://www.eonline.com/uk/news/698037/fashion-guru-naomi-isted-shares-her-top-fashion-week-tips) . E! News . Retrieved 14 August 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Naomi Isted on Female First as Pears Soap Ambassador (http://www.femalefirst.co.uk/lifestyle-fashion/stylebeauty/timeless-beauty-tips-492711.html) ^ (#cite_ref-9) Naomi's role as Beauty Expert for Pears in the Express (http://www.express.co.uk/life-style/style/485078/Audrey-Hepburn-the-UK-s-ultimate-timeless-beauty) ^ (#cite_ref-10) Video of Naomi Isted Present for Band Orideja Shapewear Campaign in July 2014 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jKfxHPltCpE) External links [ edit ] Official Naomi Isted's Website (http://naomikisted.com/) Naomi Isted's Blog (https://www.ultimatelifestylist.com) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐78789c78f5‐42bjl Cached time: 20240701035759 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.464 seconds Real time usage: 0.925 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2464/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 62423/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 15891/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 19/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 23525/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.270/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5675473/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 723.529 1 -total 40.92% 296.067 1 Template:Infobox_person 32.81% 237.395 4 Template:Ambox 20.36% 147.342 1 Template:Multiple_issues 16.70% 120.821 1 Template:Reflist 15.04% 108.784 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 14.38% 104.061 1 Template:Short_description 14.33% 103.683 3 Template:Cite_news 14.10% 102.001 21 Template:Main_other 13.40% 96.939 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:46296224-0!canonical and timestamp 20240701035759 and revision id 1203991525. 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Add tags to your draft Editor resources Find sources: Google (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Collar+extender%22) ( books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Collar+extender%22+-wikipedia) · news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Collar+extender%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Collar+extender%22) · free images (https://www.google.com/search?safe=off&tbs=sur:fmc&tbm=isch&q=%22Collar+extender%22+-site:wikipedia.org+-site:wikimedia.org) · WP refs (https://www.google.com/custom?hl=en&cx=007734830908295939403%3Agalkqgoksq0&cof=FORID%3A13%3BAH%3Aleft%3BCX%3AWikipedia%2520Reference%2520Search&q=%22Collar+extender%22) ) · FENS (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Collar+extender%22&acc=on&wc=on) · TWL (https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/search/?q=%22Collar+extender%22) Easy tools : Citation bot (https://citations.toolforge.org/process_page.php?edit=automated_tools&slow=1&page=Draft:Collar_extender) ( help (/wiki/User:Citation_bot/use) ) | Advanced: Fix bare URLs (https://tools.wmflabs.org/refill/result.php?page=Draft:Collar_extender&defaults=y) Declined by OnlyNano (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:OnlyNano) 18 days ago. Last edited by Citation bot (/wiki/User:Citation_bot) 17 days ago. Reviewer: Inform author (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Pcasubolo&action=edit&editintro=Template:AfC_submission/user_talk_editintro_declined&preload=Template:AfC_submission/user_talk_preload_declined&preloadtitle=Your+submission+at+%5B%5BWP%3AAfC%7CArticles+for+creation%5D%5D§ion=new) . Resubmit Please note that if the issues are not fixed, the draft will be declined again. an article about collar extenders A collar extender is a small but practical accessory to extend the length and enhance the comfort of shirt (/wiki/Shirt) collars. They are commonly used to provide additional comfort and versatility to the outfit if someone finds their shirt collars (/wiki/Collar_(clothing)) too tight, caused by either body size fluctuations, weight gain, or the inherent variations in shirt sizing among brands. Providing extra breathing room to the collar ensures the shirt can be comfortably buttoned up, especially when worn with a tie. Collar extenders are also known as shirt collar extenders or neck collar buttons. Design [ edit ] Collar extenders are typically manufactured from plastic (/wiki/Plastic) and metal (/wiki/Metal) and have a looped structure attached to a button. The elastic loop will be inserted through the buttonhole on the shirt and assembled with the original button. Once connected, the collar extender increases the circumference of the collar and gives breath room for the neck (/wiki/Neck) . The collar extenders are also used to prevent unnecessary material stretching that may destroy the suit's design. Collar extenders come in various shapes and sizes to accommodate different shirt styles and collar types. They can also be used as cuff (/wiki/Cuff) extenders and pants (/wiki/Trousers) extenders. History [ edit ] The evolution of the collar extender is closely tied to the history of men's dress shirts. In the 19 (/wiki/19th_century) th century (/wiki/19th_century) , as stiff-collared shirts became a staple in men's fashion, there was an increasing need for a comfortable formal fit. Early solutions to tight collars include custom tailoring and rudimentary adjustment. However, the trend is towards ready-made clothing and accessories so people are looking for a more convenient and reusable solution. The first patented collar extender is called "Wonder Button," utilizing metal buttons and strings. Later, Patrizia Angela Casubolo patented [1] (#cite_note-1) her invention of a collar extender, which is more commonly used in today's fashion industry. [2] (#cite_note-2) Uses [ edit ] Besides the alleviation of collar tightness and preventing discomfort around the neck, collar extenders offer a GREEN way of living and enhance sustainability (/wiki/Sustainability) . They are a budget-friendly alternative to purchasing new shirts or custom tailoring. Collar extenders can prolong the shirt's lifespan by reducing the stress (/wiki/Stress_(mechanics)) on the collar and help preserve the integrity and appearance of the shirt over time. Innovations and market trends [ edit ] The market of collar extenders is innovating at improving comfort and ease of use. The newest designs include an adjustable amount of tension (/wiki/Tension_(physics)) , an environmentally friendly (/wiki/Environmentally_friendly) choice of material, an elongated lifespan of the elastic loop, and variations in colours and styles. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Garment fastening systems" (https://patents.google.com/patent/CA2729843C/xx) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) CA2729843C (https://patents.google.com/patent/CA2729843C/xx) , Casubolo, Patrizia Angela, "Garment fastening systems", issued 2011-09-13 NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐7588db7c9d‐5pkh2 Cached time: 20240717045038 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, vary‐user, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.477 seconds Real time usage: 0.610 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1777/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 81477/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 7367/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 23/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 9903/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.260/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3681864/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 553.472 1 -total 55.99% 309.880 1 Template:AFC_submission 52.45% 290.303 1 Template:AfC_submission/declined 50.72% 280.714 1 Template:Ombox 26.42% 146.201 1 Template:Cite_web 24.17% 133.796 1 Template:AfC_submission/helptools 23.48% 129.981 4 Template:Hidden 8.55% 47.335 1 Template:Short_description 8.34% 46.148 1 Template:Find_sources 5.46% 30.218 1 Template:Columns-list Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:77248991-0!canonical and timestamp 20240717045038 and revision id 1231762142. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Collar_extender&oldid=1231762142 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Collar_extender&oldid=1231762142) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : AfC submissions by date/29 June 2024 (/wiki/Category:AfC_submissions_by_date/29_June_2024) Draft articles on fashion (/wiki/Category:Draft_articles_on_fashion) AfC submissions on commercial products (/wiki/Category:AfC_submissions_on_commercial_products) Hidden categories: AfC submissions declined as non-notable (/wiki/Category:AfC_submissions_declined_as_non-notable) Declined AfC submissions (/wiki/Category:Declined_AfC_submissions) |
French milliner (1920–2000) Jean Barthet Born 1920 Pyrenees, France Died February 2000 Occupation Milliner Signature Jean Barthet (1920–2000) was a French milliner who first rose to prominence in the 1950s as hat maker to Hollywood and French film stars, also designing hats for films such as The Young Girls of Rochefort (/wiki/The_Young_Girls_of_Rochefort) . He helped to define fashionable hat styles – including the bucket hat (/wiki/Bucket_hat) , pillbox hat (/wiki/Pillbox_hat) and fedora (/wiki/Fedora) – that predominated throughout the 1960s and collaborated with major couture houses. [1] (#cite_note-Red_List_Barthet-1) With a career spanning more than 40 years, he remained a favourite hatmaker of Sophia Loren (/wiki/Sophia_Loren) (both for film and personal wear), also creating hats for Michael Jackson (/wiki/Michael_Jackson) 's 1988 world tour (/wiki/Bad_(tour)) . [2] (#cite_note-Sophia_Style_Donohue-2) [3] (#cite_note-Christies_MJ-3) Early life and career [ edit ] Jean Barthet was born in Nay (/wiki/Nay,_Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es-Atlantiques) , a village in the Pyrenees (/wiki/Pyrenees) region of France in 1920 – although he would later put his date of birth as 1930/1. [4] (#cite_note-La_Republique_Mourgues-4) [5] (#cite_note-Encyclopaedia_Universalis_Barthet-5) [6] (#cite_note-People_Andriotakis-6) After studying at art college in Toulouse (/wiki/Toulouse) , he left for Paris, working for the milliner Gilbert Orcel before setting up his own salon. [4] (#cite_note-La_Republique_Mourgues-4) [6] (#cite_note-People_Andriotakis-6) International reputation [ edit ] Barthet presented his first collection in 1949 and soon attracted an international clientele – notable among them were many Hollywood stars. [7] (#cite_note-How_Fashion_Works_Waddell-7) He introduced hat styles that attracted newspaper publicity, including a white felt hat inspired by the Texas sheriff's sombrero (/wiki/Sombrero) and a feminine variation on the fedora. [8] (#cite_note-Pittsburgh_Post_Gazette_Walker-8) [9] (#cite_note-Knickerbocker_News_Harrington-9) By the early 1960s his clients included Jacqueline Kennedy (/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy_Onassis) . [4] (#cite_note-La_Republique_Mourgues-4) [10] (#cite_note-JFK_Library-10) By the mid 1960s, such was his client list that the Chicago Tribune (/wiki/Chicago_Tribune) said Barthet had: "more star quality customers than any Hollywood studio ever had under contract". [11] (#cite_note-Chicago_Tribune_180265-11) These included names such as Sophia Loren, Natalie Wood (/wiki/Natalie_Wood) , Brigitte Bardot (/wiki/Brigitte_Bardot) and Princess Grace of Monaco (/wiki/Grace_Kelly) . [12] (#cite_note-FMD_Barthet-12) [13] (#cite_note-Montreal_Gazette_Massin-13) His collaborations with haute couture houses continued from his early career into the 1980s and he worked with, among others, André Courrèges (/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Courr%C3%A8ges) , Chanel (/wiki/Chanel_S.A.) , Claude Montana (/wiki/Claude_Montana) , Sonia Rykiel (/wiki/Sonia_Rykiel) , Paco Rabanne (/wiki/Paco_Rabanne) and Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) . [4] (#cite_note-La_Republique_Mourgues-4) He collaborated with another notable milliner, Parisian-born Claude Saint-Cyr (/wiki/Claude_Saint-Cyr) , who worked with him from the mid 1960s to her retirement in the early 1970s. [14] (#cite_note-GvA_Belga-14) Legacy [ edit ] Examples of Barthet's hats are in a number of public collections, including the Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) and the Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) . In 2011, a vintage Barthet hat featured in a Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) shoot in Vanity Fair (/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)) . [15] (#cite_note-Gaga_6_December_2011-15) In 2014, reproductions inspired by his original models were created by his son Alexandre Barthet for the biopic (/wiki/Biopic) Grace of Monaco (/wiki/Grace_of_Monaco_(film)) . [16] (#cite_note-Shapoh_160514-16) [17] (#cite_note-My_Daily_Jones-17) Barthet was also a keen photographer and his extensive photo archive includes portraits of musicians, actors and fashion designers – some of whom are captured wearing his hat designs. [18] (#cite_note-JB_photography-18) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Red_List_Barthet_1-0) Leblond, Romuald. "Jean Barthet (1920-2000)" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140818120821/http://theredlist.com/wiki-2-23-1185-1197-view-from-head-to-foot-profile-jean-barthet-1.html) . theredlist.com . The Red List. Archived from the original (http://theredlist.com/wiki-2-23-1185-1197-view-from-head-to-foot-profile-jean-barthet-1.html) on 18 August 2014 . Retrieved 3 January 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-Sophia_Style_Donohue_2-0) Donohue, Deirdre (2001). Sophia Style . Barnes & Noble Publishing Inc. p. 92. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0760758638 . Retrieved 3 January 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-Christies_MJ_3-0) "Michael Jackson" (http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/memorabilia/michael-jackson-5574886-details.aspx) . christies.com . Christie's . Retrieved 3 January 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Mourgues, Renee (25 August 2010). "La bastide nayaise de Jean Barthet" (http://www.larepubliquedespyrenees.fr/2010/08/25/la-bastide-nayaise-de-jean-barthet,152124.php) . La Republique des Pyrenees . Retrieved 6 December 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Encyclopaedia_Universalis_Barthet_5-0) "BARTHET Jean" (http://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/jean-barthet/) . Universalis.fr . Encyclopaedia Universalis (Fr) . Retrieved 6 December 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b Andriotakis, Pamela (4 April 1983). "Jean Barthet's Offbeat Bonnets Are Turning Heads This Spring from Paris to the Pacific" (http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20084678,00.html) . People . Retrieved 1 December 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-How_Fashion_Works_Waddell_7-0) Waddell, Gavin (2004). How Fashion Works: Couture, Ready-to-Wear and Mass Production . Oxford: Blackwell Science. p. 105. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780632057528 . Retrieved 24 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Pittsburgh_Post_Gazette_Walker_8-0) Walker, Nadeane (22 January 1955). "Popcorn Hat in Paris Fit to Eat" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1129&dat=19550122&id=ubpRAAAAIBAJ&pg=2224,5296459) . Pittsburgh Post Gazette . Retrieved 3 January 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-Knickerbocker_News_Harrington_9-0) Harrington, Katherine (February 1963). "Movie Inspires Easter Caravan" (http://fultonhistory.com/Newspaper%2019/Albany%20NY%20Knickerbocker%20News/Albany%20NY%20Knickerbocker%20News%201963/Albany%20NY%20Knickerbocker%20News%201963%20-%201495.pdf) (PDF) . The Knickerbocker News (Albany) . Retrieved 3 January 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-JFK_Library_10-0) "Ready Reference: Fast Facts about Jacqueline Kennedy" (http://www.jfklibrary.org/Research/Research-Aids/Ready-Reference/JKO-Fast-Facts.aspx) . jfklibrary.org . John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum . Retrieved 3 January 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-Chicago_Tribune_180265_11-0) Monique (18 February 1965). "Latest from Paris" (http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1965/02/18/page/47/article/latest-from-paris) . Chicago Tribune . Retrieved 2 December 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-FMD_Barthet_12-0) "Jean Barthet" (http://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/designers/jean-barthet/) . fashionmodeldirectory.com . Fashion Model Directory . Retrieved 2 December 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Montreal_Gazette_Massin_13-0) Massin, Peggy (26 October 1961). "Eccentricities passe in French millinery" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1946&dat=19611026&id=WI4tAAAAIBAJ&pg=5208,4804695) . The Montreal Gazette . Retrieved 2 December 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-GvA_Belga_14-0) "Hoedenmaakster Claude Saint-Cyr overleden" (http://www.gva.be/cnt/oid208949/archief-hoedenmaakster-claude-saint-cyr-overleden) . Gazette van Antwerpen. 11 September 2002 . Retrieved 29 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Gaga_6_December_2011_15-0) "Vanity Fair Photo Shoot, part 9: Lady Gaga in Jean Barthet" (http://gagafashionland.com/2011/12/vanity-fair-photo-shoot-part-9-lady-gaga-in-jean-barthet/#sthash.4COMJxjQ.dpbs) . gagafashionland.com . Gaga Fashionland . Retrieved 2 December 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Shapoh_160514_16-0) " (http://www.shapoh.com/#!Grace-of-Monaco-debuts-at-Cannes-Film-Festival-spotlighting-hats-by-French-milliner-Jean-Barthet/c1jcb/2478EA85-E3FD-41E1-84D7-B9F13CCA6A32) "Grace of Monaco" debuts at Cannes Film Festival, spotlighting hats by French milliner Jean Barthet" (http://www.shapoh.com/#!Grace-of-Monaco-debuts-at-Cannes-Film-Festival-spotlighting-hats-by-French-milliner-Jean-Barthet/c1jcb/2478EA85-E3FD-41E1-84D7-B9F13CCA6A32) . shapoh.com . Shapoh . Retrieved 2 December 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-My_Daily_Jones_17-0) Jones, Katie (6 June 2014). "How Nicole Kidman became Grace of Monaco" (http://www.mydaily.co.uk/2014/06/06/how-nicole-kidman-became-grace-of-monaco/) . My Daily . Retrieved 2 December 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-JB_photography_18-0) "Jean Barthet: About" (http://www.jeanbarthet.com/#!about/c786) . jeanbarthet.com . Jean Barthet (estate) . Retrieved 3 January 2015 . External links [ edit ] Jean Barthet archive at the Victoria and Albert Museum (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/name/barthet-jean/43030/) Jean Barthet feathered hat at The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1960s (http://metmuseum.org/collection/the-collection-online/search/93888) British Pathé film showing hats by Barthet and clothes by Ungaro and Nina Ricci, 1965 (http://www.britishpathe.com/video/modern-fashion-around-modern-art/query/milliners) Jean Barthet hats at Miss France 1998 on YouTube (from 7:05) (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BU-pYBxcP9I) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) : Artists KulturNav (http://kulturnav.org/72d3ad08-db4d-4ae9-aa39-3acb80213efa) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐6cc9f7fdd7‐nz77r Cached time: 20240715190942 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.691 seconds Real time usage: 0.830 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2265/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 34908/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 853/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 74218/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.488/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6616425/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 782.207 1 -total 39.73% 310.800 1 Template:Reflist 24.01% 187.778 1 Template:Infobox_person 23.96% 187.420 8 Template:Cite_web 19.80% 154.863 1 Template:ACArt 14.51% 113.525 1 Template:Short_description 8.42% 65.883 2 Template:Pagetype 7.52% 58.828 8 Template:Cite_news 5.93% 46.356 16 Template:Main_other 4.07% 31.861 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:44933087-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715190942 and revision id 1189115560. 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American inventor Harriet A. Brown Harriet A. Brown (February 20, 1847 - 1930) was an inventor who patented "The Harriet A. Brown system," a dress cutting and making system. Early life [ edit ] Harriet A. Brown was born in Augusta, Maine (/wiki/Augusta,_Maine) , on February 20, 1847. She was of Scotch parentage. [1] (#cite_note-Willard-1) Career [ edit ] By contact with working girls Harriet A. Brown learned of the long hours, hard work and small wages of which most of them complained, and her ardent desire was to alleviate their distress. Brown conceived the idea of establishing a regular school of training for women who desired to make themselves self-supporting, and, on the solicitation of many prominent and philanthropic women of Boston, she opened the Dress-Cutting College in that city on October 17, 1886. In opening her college, she had the cooperation of those who induced her to establish such a school in Boston, but the underlying ideas, the scientific rules for dress-cutting, the patented system used, and all the methods of instruction, were her own. [1] (#cite_note-Willard-1) The chief aim of the institution was to be one in which girls of ability and taste, who were engaged in stores, workshops and kitchens, could find employment for which they were better adapted. Brown's system of cutting was the result of years of study. All its points she had thoroughly mastered, and had succeeded in patenting rules for cutting, and also obtained the only patent for putting work together. [1] (#cite_note-Willard-1) She received numerous medals and diplomas as testimonials of the superiority of her methods, and her system was used the leading industrial schools and colleges of the country. Delegates from the Pratt Institute (/wiki/Pratt_Institute) , Brooklyn, New York (/wiki/Brooklyn,_New_York) , after investigating all the principal European methods, adopted Brown's system. It was one of the regular features of the Moody Schools, Northfield, Massachusetts (/wiki/Northfield,_Massachusetts) , where young women were educated for missionary work. [1] (#cite_note-Willard-1) Brown was an occasional contributor to the newspaper press. [1] (#cite_note-Willard-1) In 1902 she wrote "Scientific dress cutting and making, "The Harriet A. Brown system," simplified and improved; directions for its use". [2] (#cite_note-2) Personal life [ edit ] Harriet A. Brown married Albert G. Brown (1848–1935) and had two children: Walter G. (1871–1872) and Clara G. (1886–1895). She died in 1930 and is buried at Brown Cemetery, Voluntown, New London, Connecticut (/wiki/New_London,_Connecticut) . References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Willard, Frances Elizabeth, 1839-1898; Livermore, Mary Ashton Rice, 1820-1905 (1893). A woman of the century; fourteen hundred-seventy biographical sketches accompanied by portraits of leading American women in all walks of life . Buffalo, N.Y., Moulton. p. 127 (https://archive.org/details/womanofcenturyfo00will/page/127) . Retrieved 8 August 2017 . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) ) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list) ) This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain (/wiki/Public_domain) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Scientific dress cutting and making, "The Harriet A. Brown system," simplified and improved; directions for its use . 1902 . Retrieved 20 September 2017 . 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British fashion designer Jane Carr Occupation Fashion designer Jane Carr , is a British fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) [1] (#cite_note-1) specialising in hand-finished accessories for men and women. Carr established a reputation through showing at London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) , Premiere Classe and Tranoi in Paris, as well as Pitti Uomo in Florence (/wiki/Florence) . [2] (#cite_note-2) She trained at Central St Martins (/wiki/Central_St_Martins) , and graduated in 1999. After winning the International Wool Secretariat (/wiki/International_Wool_Secretariat) prize in 2000, she was hired by Donnatella Versace to work as the Head of Prints at Fashion House Versace (/wiki/Versace) for 4 years. She then consulted for Balenciaga (/wiki/Balenciaga) and Jil Sander (/wiki/Jil_Sander) before establishing her own label Jane Carr in 2005. [3] (#cite_note-3) Started as a hobby, designing for friends like model Sophie Dahl (/wiki/Sophie_Dahl) and Princess Alexandra of Greece, Carr's label soon earned a large following. [4] (#cite_note-4) Carr introduced modern, handmade Italian gloves to coordinate with her scarves and create a complete look at Paris Fashion Week in 2010. [5] (#cite_note-5) In 2011, Carr launched the men's range Jane Carr Homme . [6] (#cite_note-6) Carr's silk scarves and leather gloves are produced by artisans in Northern Italy. With a strong focus on artisanal production, her labels continues to support the high craftsmanship of Italian silk and leather production and promote the concept of Made in Italy. [7] (#cite_note-7) Her collections are now available worldwide in over 100 high-end fashion shops, including Selfridges (/wiki/Selfridges) , Harrods (/wiki/Harrods) , Harvey Nichols (/wiki/Harvey_Nichols) , Brown Thomas (/wiki/Brown_Thomas) , Colette, Printemps (/wiki/Printemps) , Barneys (/wiki/Barneys) , Neiman Marcus (/wiki/Neiman_Marcus) , Bergdorf Goodman (/wiki/Bergdorf_Goodman) , Bloomingdales (/wiki/Bloomingdales) , Joyce, Antonioli, Beymen and in 22 countries. A bespoke collection for men was launched exclusively for Tomorrowland Japan in autumn/winter 2012. She then collaborated with Wooyoungmi (/wiki/Wooyoungmi) on an exclusive design for the brand's Paris pop-up store (/wiki/Pop-up_retail) . Carr's work has been featured in publications including Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , GQ (/wiki/GQ) , and Grazia (/wiki/Grazia) and have been worn by celebrities such as Miranda Kerr (/wiki/Miranda_Kerr) , Diane Kruger (/wiki/Diane_Kruger) , and Sarah Jessica Parker (/wiki/Sarah_Jessica_Parker) . [8] (#cite_note-8) In 2013, Carr joined the committee of Performance Art at the Whitney Museum of American Art (/wiki/Whitney_Museum_of_American_Art) in New York. [9] (#cite_note-9) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Motor Skills" (http://tmagazine.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/01/motor-skills/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0) . New York Times . September 1, 2011 . Retrieved 8 March 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Motwary, Filep (2013-05-29). "INTERVIEW: JANE CARR talks to FILEP MOTWARY" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140325222545/http://www.filepmotwary.com/motwary/2013/05/interview-jane-carr-talks-to-filep-motwary.html) . FILEP MOTWARY . Archived from the original (http://www.filepmotwary.com/motwary/2013/05/interview-jane-carr-talks-to-filep-motwary.html) on 2014-03-25 . Retrieved 2014-03-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Guellaty, Sofia (2014-01-13). "On Our Radar: Jane Carr" (http://arabia.style.com/fashion/faces_of_fashion/scarves-designer-jane-carr-firefly-collection/) . Stle.com Arabia . Retrieved 2014-02-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Byrne Esiri, Allie (2006-03-26). "See Jane Sew" (http://www.departures.com/articles/see-jane-sew) . Allie Byrne Esiri . Retrieved 2014-06-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Dottie, Lottie (2014-02-26). "A Love Affair With Colour: Meet Designer Jane Carr" (http://www.collectista.com/interview-jane-carr/) . Lottie Dottie . Retrieved 2014-06-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Alexander, Ella (2011-01-27). "All Wrapped Up" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2011/01/27/jane-carr-menswear-launch) . Vogue UK . Retrieved 2014-02-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Motwary, Filep (2013-05-29). "INTERVIEW: JANE CARR talks to FILEP MOTWARY" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140325222545/http://www.filepmotwary.com/motwary/2013/05/interview-jane-carr-talks-to-filep-motwary.html) . FILEP MOTWARY . Archived from the original (http://www.filepmotwary.com/motwary/2013/05/interview-jane-carr-talks-to-filep-motwary.html) on 2014-03-25 . Retrieved 2014-03-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Guellaty, Sofia (2014-01-13). "On Our Radar: Jane Carr" (http://arabia.style.com/fashion/faces_of_fashion/scarves-designer-jane-carr-firefly-collection/) . Stle.com Arabia . Retrieved 2014-02-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Dottie, Lottie (2014-02-26). "A Love Affair With Colour: Meet Designer Jane Carr" (http://www.collectista.com/interview-jane-carr/) . Lottie Dottie . Retrieved 2014-06-05 . External links [ edit ] Jane Carr official website (http://www.jane-carr.com) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐6cc9f7fdd7‐f9j2f Cached time: 20240715202535 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.332 seconds Real time usage: 0.461 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1888/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 17672/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 808/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 35154/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.205/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6274547/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 430.291 1 -total 39.42% 169.613 1 Template:Infobox_fashion_designer 37.08% 159.540 1 Template:Reflist 22.35% 96.179 1 Template:Cite_news 17.86% 76.841 1 Template:Short_description 11.99% 51.606 1 Template:Wikidata_image 9.61% 41.372 2 Template:Pagetype 9.26% 39.865 8 Template:Cite_web 8.81% 37.929 16 Template:Main_other 5.75% 24.736 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:39324123-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715202535 and revision id 1118982916. 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Thick handmade cloth worn by Ethiopian Amharas Amhara man wearing Gabi The Gabi ( Amharic (/wiki/Amharic_language) : ጋቢ ) is a handmade cloth (/wiki/Textile) worn by Ethiopians (/wiki/Ethiopia) mainly over the shoulders and upper body, and is made out of cotton (/wiki/Cotton) . Unlike the two-layered kuta (/wiki/Kuta_(clothing)) (worn by men) and netela (/wiki/Netela) (worn by women), it consists of four layers. [1] (#cite_note-1) Characterized by its thickness, the Gabi is the traditional garment of men belonging to the Amhara (/wiki/Amharas) ethnic group due to the high altitude nature of their homeland, most of the time it's worn by the elderly and clergy. [2] (#cite_note-2) Usually Amhara women get together for spinning the yarn (/wiki/Yarn) required to make several Gabi's. Amhara women present Gabi's as a gift for their husbands. [3] (#cite_note-3) Ethiopian cleric wearing a gabi See also [ edit ] Bernos (/wiki/Bernos) Netela (/wiki/Netela) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Textiles of Ethiopia: Netela and Gabi" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230609195117/https://ethiopia.limbo13.com/index.php/netela_gabi/) . My journey to Ethiopian culture . [Road to Ethiopia - Camino a Etiopia]. Archived from the original (http://ethiopia.limbo13.com/index.php/netela_gabi/) on 9 June 2023 . Retrieved 27 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Karsten, Detlev (1972). The Economics of Handicrafts in Traditional Societies: An Investigation in Sidamo and Gemu Goffa Province, Southern Ethiopia . Vol. 79. BRILL. p. 89. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9783803900685 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Karsten, Detlev (1972). The Economics of Handicrafts in Traditional Societies: An Investigation in Sidamo and Gemu Goffa Province, Southern Ethiopia . Vol. 79. BRILL. p. 125. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9783803900685 . This Ethiopia (/wiki/Ethiopia) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gabi_(clothing)&action=edit) . v t e This clothing (/wiki/Clothing) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gabi_(clothing)&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐48b82 Cached time: 20240712171455 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.303 seconds Real time usage: 0.406 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 439/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 12722/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 594/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 20506/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.225/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 14994796/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 368.676 1 -total 31.65% 116.678 1 Template:Reflist 27.96% 103.073 1 Template:Lang-am 23.91% 88.138 1 Template:Cite_web 20.16% 74.309 1 Template:Ethiopia-stub 20.10% 74.099 2 Template:Asbox 18.58% 68.501 1 Template:Short_description 10.70% 39.450 2 Template:Pagetype 4.82% 17.761 3 Template:Main_other 4.31% 15.890 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:38340190-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712171455 and revision id 1224233197. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gabi_(clothing)&oldid=1224233197 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gabi_(clothing)&oldid=1224233197) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Ethiopia stubs (/wiki/Category:Ethiopia_stubs) Clothing stubs (/wiki/Category:Clothing_stubs) Ethiopian clothing (/wiki/Category:Ethiopian_clothing) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles containing Amharic-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Amharic-language_text) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles) |
NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐67b8b5b86b‐sqc5q Cached time: 20240704010742 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.002 seconds Real time usage: 0.002 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 1/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:35854960-0!canonical and timestamp 20240704010742 and revision id 1191631191. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 10 subcategories, out of 10 total. A Cross-dressing in American films (/wiki/Category:Cross-dressing_in_American_films) (1 C, 174 P) B Cross-dressing in British films (/wiki/Category:Cross-dressing_in_British_films) (29 P) C Films based on Charley's Aunt (/wiki/Category:Films_based_on_Charley%27s_Aunt) (13 P) D Documentary films about cross-dressing (/wiki/Category:Documentary_films_about_cross-dressing) (1 C, 2 P) Drag (entertainment)-related films (/wiki/Category:Drag_(entertainment)-related_films) (1 C, 63 P) F Films about female wartime cross-dressers (/wiki/Category:Films_about_female_wartime_cross-dressers) (2 C, 3 P) Cross-dressing in French films (/wiki/Category:Cross-dressing_in_French_films) (19 P) I Cross-dressing in Indian films (/wiki/Category:Cross-dressing_in_Indian_films) (1 C, 126 P) M Cross-dressing in Mexican films (/wiki/Category:Cross-dressing_in_Mexican_films) (3 P) T Films based on Twelfth Night (/wiki/Category:Films_based_on_Twelfth_Night) (10 P) Pages in category "Cross-dressing in film" The following 95 pages are in this category, out of 95 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . Cross-dressing in film and television (/wiki/Cross-dressing_in_film_and_television) A Adolescence of Utena (/wiki/Adolescence_of_Utena) The Adventure of Iron Pussy (/wiki/The_Adventure_of_Iron_Pussy) The Adventures of Count Bobby (/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Count_Bobby) After the Ball (2015 film) (/wiki/After_the_Ball_(2015_film)) All Men Are Liars (/wiki/All_Men_Are_Liars) All the Queen's Men (/wiki/All_the_Queen%27s_Men) Amnesia Love (/wiki/Amnesia_Love) Anything You Want (film) (/wiki/Anything_You_Want_(film)) Apartmentzauber (/wiki/Apartmentzauber) Arabian Nights (1974 film) (/wiki/Arabian_Nights_(1974_film)) Tante Trude aus Buxtehude (/wiki/Tante_Trude_aus_Buxtehude) B Bar 51 (/wiki/Bar_51) Baran (film) (/wiki/Baran_(film)) Berlin 36 (/wiki/Berlin_36) Black Lizard (film) (/wiki/Black_Lizard_(film)) The Breadwinner (film) (/wiki/The_Breadwinner_(film)) The Butterfly Lovers (2008 film) (/wiki/The_Butterfly_Lovers_(2008_film)) C Cat and Mouse (2003 film) (/wiki/Cat_and_Mouse_(2003_film)) Chai Lai (/wiki/Chai_Lai) Cockpit (2012 film) (/wiki/Cockpit_(2012_film)) Cop in Drag (/wiki/Cop_in_Drag) D The Damned (1969 film) (/wiki/The_Damned_(1969_film)) Darna, Kuno...? (/wiki/Darna,_Kuno...%3F) The Dressmaker (2015 film) (/wiki/The_Dressmaker_(2015_film)) E Julian Eltinge (/wiki/Julian_Eltinge) Exzellenz Unterrock (/wiki/Exzellenz_Unterrock) F Fanfare of Marriage (/wiki/Fanfare_of_Marriage) Fanfares of Love (/wiki/Fanfares_of_Love) The Fiddler of Florence (/wiki/The_Fiddler_of_Florence) I figli del leopardo (/wiki/I_figli_del_leopardo) Fjols til fjells (/wiki/Fjols_til_fjells) Fram för lilla Märta (/wiki/Fram_f%C3%B6r_lilla_M%C3%A4rta) Fritz and Friederike (/wiki/Fritz_and_Friederike) G Gentlemen of Fortune (/wiki/Gentlemen_of_Fortune) A Girl Named Mahmoud (/wiki/A_Girl_Named_Mahmoud) The Girl with the Whip (1952 film) (/wiki/The_Girl_with_the_Whip_(1952_film)) Gustav Adolf's Page (/wiki/Gustav_Adolf%27s_Page) H Hamlet: The Drama of Vengeance (/wiki/Hamlet:_The_Drama_of_Vengeance) He's a Woman, She's a Man (/wiki/He%27s_a_Woman,_She%27s_a_Man) Hello, I'm Your Aunt! (/wiki/Hello,_I%27m_Your_Aunt!) I I Don't Want to Be a Man (/wiki/I_Don%27t_Want_to_Be_a_Man) I Feel Sleepy (/wiki/I_Feel_Sleepy) L'insegnante al mare con tutta la classe (/wiki/L%27insegnante_al_mare_con_tutta_la_classe) J Jugend und Tollheit (/wiki/Jugend_und_Tollheit) K Kıskıvrak (/wiki/K%C4%B1sk%C4%B1vrak) L Lady Oscar (film) (/wiki/Lady_Oscar_(film)) The Love Eterne (/wiki/The_Love_Eterne) Love Exposure (/wiki/Love_Exposure) M The Mad Aunts Strike Out (/wiki/The_Mad_Aunts_Strike_Out) Man – Woman Wanted (/wiki/Man_%E2%80%93_Woman_Wanted) Marble Ass (/wiki/Marble_Ass) Memories of My Body (/wiki/Memories_of_My_Body) Mi novia el... (/wiki/Mi_novia_el...) Miss Piccolo (/wiki/Miss_Piccolo) Christopher Morley (actor) (/wiki/Christopher_Morley_(actor)) Mr. Charlie (/wiki/Mr._Charlie) Mulan Joins the Army (1939 film) (/wiki/Mulan_Joins_the_Army_(1939_film)) N Naughty Grandma (/wiki/Naughty_Grandma) Niedorajda (/wiki/Niedorajda) O Once in a Lifetime (2000 film) (/wiki/Once_in_a_Lifetime_(2000_film)) One Night of Love (TV series) (/wiki/One_Night_of_Love_(TV_series)) Our Crazy Aunts (/wiki/Our_Crazy_Aunts) Our Crazy Aunts in the South Seas (/wiki/Our_Crazy_Aunts_in_the_South_Seas) Our Crazy Nieces (/wiki/Our_Crazy_Nieces) P Paco and the Magical Book (/wiki/Paco_and_the_Magical_Book) The Page from the Dalmasse Hotel (1933 film) (/wiki/The_Page_from_the_Dalmasse_Hotel_(1933_film)) The Panti Sisters (/wiki/The_Panti_Sisters) Peking Opera Blues (/wiki/Peking_Opera_Blues) Peter (1934 film) (/wiki/Peter_(1934_film)) Più bello di così si muore (/wiki/Pi%C3%B9_bello_di_cos%C3%AC_si_muore) Pope Joan (2009 film) (/wiki/Pope_Joan_(2009_film)) R Rebecca's Daughters (/wiki/Rebecca%27s_Daughters) Run Barbi Run (/wiki/Run_Barbi_Run) S Şaban, Son of Şaban (/wiki/%C5%9Eaban,_Son_of_%C5%9Eaban) Şabaniye (/wiki/%C5%9Eabaniye) St Trinian's (film) (/wiki/St_Trinian%27s_(film)) Scandal at the Girls' School (/wiki/Scandal_at_the_Girls%27_School) The Silent Partner (1978 film) (/wiki/The_Silent_Partner_(1978_film)) The Spessart Inn (/wiki/The_Spessart_Inn) Spy of Madame Pompadour (/wiki/Spy_of_Madame_Pompadour) Sugar, Honey and Pepper (/wiki/Sugar,_Honey_and_Pepper) The Sweet Life of Count Bobby (/wiki/The_Sweet_Life_of_Count_Bobby) T Tectonic Plates (film) (/wiki/Tectonic_Plates_(film)) The Tenderness (/wiki/The_Tenderness) Thani Thatuwen Piyabanna (/wiki/Thani_Thatuwen_Piyabanna) Three Wishes for Cinderella (1973 film) (/wiki/Three_Wishes_for_Cinderella_(1973_film)) Truffaldino from Bergamo (/wiki/Truffaldino_from_Bergamo) The Twentieth Century (film) (/wiki/The_Twentieth_Century_(film)) U Under the Stars of Capri (/wiki/Under_the_Stars_of_Capri) V Victor and Victoria (1957 film) (/wiki/Victor_and_Victoria_(1957_film)) W When the Mad Aunts Arrive (/wiki/When_the_Mad_Aunts_Arrive) Y Yiddle With His Fiddle (/wiki/Yiddle_With_His_Fiddle) Z Zapata's Gang (/wiki/Zapata%27s_Gang) Zatōichi (2003 film) (/wiki/Zat%C5%8Dichi_(2003_film)) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Cross-dressing_in_film&oldid=1191631191 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Cross-dressing_in_film&oldid=1191631191) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Cross-dressing-related mass media (/wiki/Category:Cross-dressing-related_mass_media) LGBT-related film (/wiki/Category:LGBT-related_film) Gender in film (/wiki/Category:Gender_in_film) |
You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article (https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Fashion_Week) in Portuguese . (January 2015) Click [show] for important translation instructions. Machine translation, like DeepL (https://deepl.com) or Google Translate (https://translate.google.com/) , is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Consider adding a topic (/wiki/Template:Expand_Portuguese#Topics_and_categorization) to this template: there are already 468 articles in the main category (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_translation_from_Portuguese_Wikipedia) , and specifying |topic= will aid in categorization. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution (/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia) in the edit summary (/wiki/Help:Edit_summary) accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link (/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links) to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Portuguese Wikipedia article at [[:pt:São Paulo Fashion Week]]; see its history for attribution. You may also add the template {{Translated|pt|São Paulo Fashion Week}} to the talk page (/wiki/Talk:S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Fashion_Week) . For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation (/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation) . São Paulo Fashion Week Models walks the runway for Osklen, at São Paulo Fashion Week 2017 Location(s) São Paulo (/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo) , Brazil (/wiki/Brazil) Inaugurated 1995 ( 1995 ) Founder Paulo Borges Organised by Grupo Luminosidade Website spfw (http://spfw.com.br) .com (http://spfw.com.br) .br (http://spfw.com.br) The São Paulo Fashion Week is a clothing trade show held semi-annually in São Paulo, Brazil (/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo,_Brazil) . It is notable as "Latin America's pre-eminent fashion event" [1] (#cite_note-twsH43-1) and it is of the emerging fashion weeks, outside the Big Four of New York (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) , London (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) , Paris (/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week) , and Milan (/wiki/Milan_Fashion_Week) , that have been established since the 1990s. [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) It has been controversial in the past because of a "longstanding bias towards white models." In 2009 quotas were imposed that required that 10 percent of models to be "black or indigenous" as a way to foster equal opportunity (/wiki/Equal_opportunity) . [1] (#cite_note-twsH43-1) In its 2019, the show featured a male transgender model, Sam Porto (/wiki/Sam_Porto) , for the first time in its history. [4] (#cite_note-4) In April 2019, male fashion model Tales Soares, artistically known as Tales Cotta, died after collapsing on the runway at the show. Soares was walking the runway when he suddenly stumbled and fell as he was about to exit. Soares received help after falling and was taken to a hospital where he later died. [5] (#cite_note-5) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "Brazil fashion week goes equal opportunity" (http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/lifestyle/news/brazil-fashion-week-goes-equal-opportunity/story-e6frf00r-1225737622432) . The Daily Telegraph . June 20, 2009 . Retrieved 2011-09-08 . the São Paulo Fashion Week - Latin America's pre-eminent fashion event - has imposed quotas requiring at least 10 percent of the models to be black or indigenous. The measure was brought in after intense pressure from anti-racism groups and Brazilian prosecutors who blasted the SPFW's longstanding bias towards white models. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Fashion Capitals (2012 and Earlier)" (https://languagemonitor.com/fashion-capitals/fashion-capitals-2012-and-earlier/) . 21 January 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Nunes, Joao Paulo Nunes (2012). "A City of Two Tales: São Paulo Fashion Week Spring/Summer 2014" (http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/joao-paulo-nunes/sao-paulo-fashion-week-review_b_2984229.html) . Huffingtonpost . Retrieved 10 August 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Conheça a história de Sam Porto, modelo trans que brilhou na SPFW" (https://revistamarieclaire.globo.com/Moda/noticia/2021/06/conheca-historia-de-sam-porto-modelo-trans-que-brilhou-na-spfw.html) . Revista Marie Claire (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2022-08-25 . Retrieved 2023-08-22 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Fashion model dies after collapsing on runway in Brazil" (http://edition.cnn.com/style/article/brazil-model-tales-soares-collapses-style/index.html?iid=ob_lockedrail_topeditorial) . CNN (/wiki/CNN) . 29 April 2019. External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to São Paulo Fashion Week (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Fashion_Week) . São Paulo Fashion Week (SPFW) official site (http://ffw.com.br/) Information on São Paulo Fashion Week (SPFW) (http://www.brazilmycountry.com/sao-paulo-fashion-week.html) v t e Fashion weeks (/wiki/Fashion_week) By location "Big four" New York (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) London (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) Milan (/wiki/Milan_Fashion_Week) Paris (/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week) Others Amsterdam (/wiki/Amsterdam_Fashion_Week) Australia (/wiki/Australian_Fashion_Week) Boston (/wiki/Boston_Fashion_Week) Brisbane (/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Fashion_Festival_Brisbane) Berlin (/wiki/Berlin_Fashion_Week) Colombo (/wiki/Colombo_Fashion_Week) Copenhagen (/wiki/Copenhagen_Fashion_Week) Detroit (/wiki/Detroit_Fashion_Week) India (/wiki/India_Fashion_Week) Jakarta (/wiki/Jakarta_Fashion_Week) Kuala Lumpur (/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur_Fashion_Week) Lagos (/wiki/Lagos_Fashion_Week) Lahore and Karachi (/wiki/PFDC_Sunsilk_Fashion_Week) Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Fashion_Week) Madrid (/wiki/Madrid_Fashion_Week) Malta 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Anat Elimelech ( Hebrew (/wiki/Hebrew_language) : ענת אלימלך ; March 8, 1974 – December 2, 1997) was an Israeli fashion model (/wiki/Fashion_model) and an actress who played in commercials (/wiki/Commercials) and television shows for children. Elimelech was a victim of a murder–suicide (/wiki/Murder%E2%80%93suicide) in 1997 in which her boyfriend David Afuta killed her and then committed suicide. Biography [ edit ] Elimelech was born in Jerusalem (/wiki/Jerusalem) in 1974 to Billy and Avi. In her youth, she studied in a high school in Gilo (/wiki/Gilo) . In 1991, she won the first place in Jerusalem's "Miss Kenyon" beauty pageant, and then began modeling for the modeling agency " Look (/wiki/Look_(modeling_agency)) ". During the Contest "Miss Kenyon" beauty pageant she met the successful hairdresser David Afuta (who had many high-profile clients such as the then Prime Minister's wife Sara Netanyahu (/wiki/Sara_Netanyahu) amongst others [1] (#cite_note-autogenerated2-1) ), who was 14 years older than her, and they soon became a couple. In 1993, Elimelech participated in the Miss Israel (/wiki/Miss_Israel) beauty pageant and won the title "Queen of Grace" (מלכת החן). In 1995, Elimelech received a lot of media exposure when she competed in an ongoing segment held during the Israeli version of the game show " Wheel of Fortune (/wiki/International_versions_of_Wheel_of_Fortune) " during which contestants competed for the role of the new "Wheel Girl". [2] (#cite_note-2) Although she was very popular she eventually did not become the new "Wheel Girl". In 1996, Elimelech participated in the children's video tape "Efrochim" (אפרוחים) together with Asi Levi (/wiki/Asi_Levi) , Sherry Brzezinski (/w/index.php?title=Sherry_Brzezinski&action=edit&redlink=1) and Sharon Tzur (/w/index.php?title=Sharon_Tzur&action=edit&redlink=1) . During the same year she also participated in the children's video tape "Making A Movie: Golden Heart Flower" (עושים סרט: פרח לב הזהב) together with Vicki Tavor (https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99_%D7%AA%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8) , Mali Chofesh (/w/index.php?title=Mali_Chofesh&action=edit&redlink=1) and Tamar Milstein (/w/index.php?title=Tamar_Milstein&action=edit&redlink=1) . During 1996, Elimelech also starred in the TV commercials for the Israeli supermarket chain "Hiperkol" (היפרכל). During the summer of 1997, Elimelech hosted the TV show "HaChofesh HaGadol" (החופש הגדול) in the Israeli Educational Television (/wiki/Israeli_Educational_Television) . That same year, her relations with David Afuta worsened and as a result subsequently she moved back in with her father and his second wife. During the same year Elimelech was supposed to participate in the annual Israeli singing show " The Festigal (/wiki/Festigal) " with the song "Ballerina", which subsequently was performed by the participants of the Festigal in her memory after her death. On the evening of December 1, 1997, the day before her death, Elimelech appeared along with the other participants of the Festigal Dudu Topaz (/wiki/Dudu_Topaz) 's entertainment show on Channel 2 (/wiki/Channel_2_(Israel)) . The murder and the investigation [ edit ] In the morning of December 2, 1997 Elimelech was found dead along with her boyfriend, David Afuta, in their home in the Ramat Beit HaKerem (/wiki/Ramat_Beit_HaKerem) neighborhood in Jerusalem. She was shot once while he was shot twice. [1] (#cite_note-autogenerated2-1) Shortly before the murder, Elimelech's father requested the police to confiscate Afuta's personal weapon, for fear that he might use it against Elimelech, although the weapon was never taken from Afuta because Elimelech demanded that the complaint be canceled. Preliminary investigations of the crime scene revealed that Elimelech was the one who shot Afuta and then committed suicide. The initial presumption, by which Elimelech was the murderer, was because the bodies were found with the gun in Elimelech's hand. Due to these findings, Elimelech was buried in the suicide plot of the Jewish cemetery Har HaMenuchot (/wiki/Har_HaMenuchot) in Jerusalem, in accordance with Jewish burial customs. Nevertheless, due to pressure from Elimelech's family, a month after the murder [1] (#cite_note-autogenerated2-1) the police conducted a second investigation in which they discovered that the original team of investigators were negligent (/wiki/Negligent) and that in fact Afuta shot Elimelech and then killed himself. It was also discovered that Afuta's brother arrived on the scene of the crime first, before the police, and in order to obscure the evidence, he moved the gun from Afuta's hand to Elimelech's hand. Although this fact was verified in laboratory tests the prosecution decided, with the support of the police, not to initiate legal proceedings against Afuta's brother and he was released. According to the findings of the renewed police investigation, in the last years of her life Elimelech tried several times to leave Afuta, but Afuta did not let her go and threatened to commit suicide if she left him and as a result she always went back to him. [1] (#cite_note-autogenerated2-1) The findings of the second investigation were published three weeks after the murder. Elimelech's remains were only moved from the suicide plot of the Har HaMenuchot (/wiki/Har_HaMenuchot) cemetery to the main burial section of the cemetery in 2001, four years after her death. Court ruling [ edit ] In 2004, Elimelech's father and brother filed a lawsuit against David Afuta's brother Joseph Afuta, demanding that the court would formally determine that Afuta was the murderer, and demanded a compensation of 8.4 million NIS (/wiki/New_Israeli_Shekel) . [3] (#cite_note-autogenerated1-3) Eventually, on 1 March 2011 justice Menachem Cohen formally ruled that the murder was committed by David Aftuta who afterwards committed suicide. He also determined that his brother, Joseph Afuta, tampered with the evidence in the crime scene with the intention of incriminating Elimelech. As a result, the court ruled that Joseph would compensate Elimelech's family with 300,000 NIS. [3] (#cite_note-autogenerated1-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d פרשת הרצח של הדוגמנית ענת אלימלך שוב בבית המשפט - כללי - הארץ (http://www.haaretz.co.il/misc/1.1365238) ^ (#cite_ref-2) "ביש המזל של נערות "גלגל המזל" (http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3883916,00.html) " (http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3883916,00.html) . 7 May 2010. ^ a b לאחר 14 שנה: משפחתה של ענת אלימלך תפוצה ב-300 אלף שקל - וואלה! חדשות (http://news.walla.co.il/?w=/10/1850463) ^ (#cite_ref-4) "אחיו של דוד אפוטה יפצה את קרובי ענת אלימלך" (http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-4108693,00.html) . 14 August 2011. External links [ edit ] Court: Anat Elimelech was the victim in 1997 murder-suicide (http://www.jpost.com/NationalNews/Article.aspx?id=210417) - posted on The Jewusalem Post on 03/02/2011 v t e Miss International 1993 (/wiki/Miss_International_1993) national titleholders Pooja Batra (/wiki/Pooja_Batra) Anat Elimelech Agnieszka Pachałko (/wiki/Agnieszka_Pacha%C5%82ko) Karin Majtánová (/wiki/Karin_Majt%C3%A1nov%C3%A1) Faviola Spitale (/wiki/Faviola_Spitale) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐557d6f8488‐djmvr Cached time: 20240715034716 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.282 seconds Real time usage: 0.387 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 912/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 12038/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 969/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 17850/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.204/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 17486697/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 360.529 1 -total 28.25% 101.837 1 Template:Miss_International_1993_delegates 27.48% 99.075 1 Template:Navbox 27.29% 98.394 1 Template:Lang-he 25.87% 93.257 1 Template:Reflist 20.72% 74.709 2 Template:Cite_web 17.38% 62.664 1 Template:Authority_control 7.69% 27.737 5 Template:Flagicon 1.28% 4.603 1 Template:Country_data_IND 1.08% 3.895 5 Template:Yesno-no Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:35991691-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715034716 and revision id 1203470807. Rendering was triggered because: unknown esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anat_Elimelech&oldid=1203470807 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anat_Elimelech&oldid=1203470807) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1974 births (/wiki/Category:1974_births) 1997 deaths (/wiki/Category:1997_deaths) 20th-century Israeli Jews (/wiki/Category:20th-century_Israeli_Jews) Israeli television actresses (/wiki/Category:Israeli_television_actresses) Israeli voice actresses (/wiki/Category:Israeli_voice_actresses) Israeli female models (/wiki/Category:Israeli_female_models) People from Jerusalem (/wiki/Category:People_from_Jerusalem) Murder–suicides in Asia (/wiki/Category:Murder%E2%80%93suicides_in_Asia) People murdered in Israel (/wiki/Category:People_murdered_in_Israel) Deaths by firearm in Israel (/wiki/Category:Deaths_by_firearm_in_Israel) 20th-century Israeli actresses (/wiki/Category:20th-century_Israeli_actresses) Miss International 1993 delegates (/wiki/Category:Miss_International_1993_delegates) Miss Israel delegates (/wiki/Category:Miss_Israel_delegates) Burials at Har HaMenuchot (/wiki/Category:Burials_at_Har_HaMenuchot) Hidden category: Articles containing Hebrew-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Hebrew-language_text) |
Kind of overcoat Wilkins Micawber (/wiki/Wilkins_Micawber) , wearing a surtout with black tights Surtout was a kind of overcoat. A "surtout" was a 17th-century term used to describe a coat worn over another coat, like a waistcoat. Surtout was a new name for it; prior to 1684, it was known as "Suravit" on account of Surhabit (overcoat). [1] (#cite_note-1) Surtout is also a French term that translates as "above all." [2] (#cite_note-2) Variations [ edit ] Newmarket surtout [ edit ] Newmarket was a frock-styled overcoat. Newmarket Surtout was called after the city known for its horse races (/wiki/Newmarket,_Suffolk) . The coat was worn while riding. It was styled with long skirted, double breasted and redingote (/wiki/Frock_coat#The_earlier_redingote) cloak. The coat's collar was made of velvet. [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) New York surtout [ edit ] New York surtout was a fashionable version for men. It was a short overcoat that had a wide collar that extends to the waistline and is hemmed with a wide black silk braid. [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) In popular culture [ edit ] Charles Dickens (/wiki/Charles_Dickens) refers to the character Mr. Micawber (/wiki/Wilkins_Micawber) , who is wearing a surtout with black tights. [4] (#cite_note-4) See also [ edit ] Wraprascal (/wiki/Wraprascal) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Gousse, Suzanne (1997). Costume in New France from 1740 to 1760 : a visual dictionary . Internet Archive. Chambly, Quebec : La Fleur de Lyse. p. 33. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-2-9804591-1-5 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Eugène-Fasnacht, G. (George) (1891). Macmillan's French readings for children . Robarts - University of Toronto. London, Macmillan. p. 63. ^ a b Wilcox, R. Turner (Ruth Turner) (1969). The dictionary of costume . Internet Archive. New York, Scribner. pp. 337, 224. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Dickens, Charles; Fontaine, Felix Gregory De (1872). A Cyclopedia of the Best Thoughts of Charles Dickens . E.J. Hale. p. 70. Look up surtout (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/surtout) in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. v t e Historical clothing (/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles) Clothing generally not worn today, except in historical settings Body-length (/wiki/Suit) Abolla (/wiki/Abolla) Banyan (/wiki/Banyan_(clothing)) Brunswick (/wiki/Brunswick_(clothing)) Court dress (Empire of Japan) (/wiki/Court_uniform_and_dress_in_the_Empire_of_Japan) Chiton (/wiki/Chiton_(costume)) Frock (/wiki/Frock) Frock coat (/wiki/Frock_coat) Hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) Justacorps (/wiki/Justacorps) Paenula (/wiki/Paenula) Peplos (/wiki/Peplos) Stola (/wiki/Stola) Toga (/wiki/Toga) Tunic (/wiki/Tunic) Xout lao (/wiki/Xout_lao) Tops (/wiki/Top_(clothing)) Basque (/wiki/Basque_(clothing)) Bedgown (/wiki/Bedgown) Bodice (/wiki/Bodice) Doublet (/wiki/Doublet_(clothing)) Peascod belly (/wiki/Peascod_belly) Poet shirt (/wiki/Poet_shirt) Sbai (/wiki/Sbai) Suea pat (/wiki/Suea_pat) Trousers (/wiki/Trousers) Braccae (/wiki/Braccae) Breeches (/wiki/Breeches) Sompot Chong Kben (/wiki/Sompot_Chong_Kben) Culottes (/wiki/Culottes) Harem (/wiki/Harem_pants) Knickerbockers (/wiki/Knickerbockers_(clothing)) Pedal pushers (/wiki/Pedal_pushers) Saragüells (/w/index.php?title=Sarag%C3%BCells&action=edit&redlink=1) [ ca (https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarag%C3%BCells) ] Skirts (/wiki/Skirt) Hobble (/wiki/Hobble_skirt) Poodle (/wiki/Poodle_skirt) Safeguard (/wiki/Safeguard_(costume)) Sompot (/wiki/Sompot) Sinh (/wiki/Sinh_(clothing)) Train (/wiki/Train_(clothing)) Dresses (/wiki/Dress) Bliaut (/wiki/Bliaut) Close-bodied gown (/wiki/Close-bodied_gown) Debutante (/wiki/Debutante_dress) Gown (/wiki/Gown) Kirtle (/wiki/Kirtle) Mantua (/wiki/Mantua_(clothing)) Polonaise (/wiki/Polonaise_(clothing)) Robe de cour (/wiki/Robe_de_cour) Sack-back gown (/wiki/Sack-back_gown) Sailor (/wiki/Sailor_dress) Tea gown (/wiki/Tea_gown) Zaju chuishao fu (/wiki/Zaju_chuishao_fu) Outerwear (/wiki/List_of_outerwear) Capote (/wiki/Capote_(garment)) Car coat (/wiki/Car_coat) Caraco (/wiki/Caraco) Cardinal cloak (/wiki/Cardinal_cloak) Chamail (/wiki/Chamail_(clothing)) Chlamys (/wiki/Chlamys) Cloak (/wiki/Cloak) Kinsale cloak (/wiki/Kinsale_cloak) Dolman (/wiki/Dolman) Doublet (/wiki/Doublet_(clothing)) Duster (/wiki/Duster_(clothing)) Exomis (/wiki/Exomis) Greatcoat (/wiki/Greatcoat) Himation (/wiki/Himation) Houppelande (/wiki/Houppelande) Inverness cape (/wiki/Inverness_cape) Jerkin (/wiki/Jerkin) Kandys (/wiki/Kandys) Mackinaw jacket (/wiki/Mackinaw_jacket) Nadiri (/wiki/Nadiri) Norfolk jacket (/wiki/Norfolk_jacket) Overfrock (/wiki/Over-frock_coat) Pañuelo (/wiki/Pa%C3%B1uelo) Palla (/wiki/Palla_(garment)) Pallium (/wiki/Pallium_(Roman_cloak)) Pelisse (/wiki/Pelisse) Poncho (/wiki/Poncho) Shadbelly (/wiki/Shadbelly) Shawl (/wiki/Shawl) Galway shawl (/wiki/Galway_shawl) Kullu (/wiki/Kullu_shawl) Smock-frock (/wiki/Smock-frock) Spencer (/wiki/Spencer_(clothing)) Surcoat (/wiki/Surcoat) Surtout Ulster coat (/wiki/Ulster_coat) Visite (/wiki/Visite) Witzchoura (/wiki/Witzchoura) Underwear (/wiki/Undergarment) Basque (/wiki/Basque_(clothing)) Bustle (/wiki/Bustle) Chausses (/wiki/Chausses) Chemise (/wiki/Chemise) Codpiece (/wiki/Codpiece) Corselet (/wiki/Corselet) Corset (/wiki/Corset) Waist cincher (/wiki/Waist_cincher) Dickey (/wiki/Dickey_(garment)) Garter (/wiki/Garter) Hoop skirt (/wiki/Hoop_skirt) Crinoline (/wiki/Crinoline) Farthingale (/wiki/Farthingale) Pannier (/wiki/Pannier_(clothing)) Hose (/wiki/Hose_(clothing)) Liberty bodice (/wiki/Liberty_bodice) Loincloth (/wiki/Loincloth) Open drawers (/wiki/Open_drawers) Pantalettes (/wiki/Pantalettes) Petticoat (/wiki/Petticoat) Peignoir (/wiki/Peignoir) Pettipants (/wiki/Pettipants) Union suit (/wiki/Union_suit) Yếm (/wiki/Y%E1%BA%BFm) Headwear (/wiki/Headgear) Anthony Eden (/wiki/Anthony_Eden_hat) Apex (/wiki/Apex_(headdress)) Arakhchin (/wiki/Arakhchin) Attifet (/wiki/Attifet) Aviator (/wiki/Aviator_hat) Ba tầm (/wiki/Ba_t%E1%BA%A7m) Bergère (/wiki/Berg%C3%A8re_hat) Blessed hat (/wiki/Blessed_sword_and_hat) Bonnet (/wiki/Bonnet_(headgear)) Capotain (/wiki/Capotain) Caubeen (/wiki/Caubeen) Cavalier (/wiki/Cavalier_hat) Coif (/wiki/Coif) Coonskin (/wiki/Coonskin_cap) Cornette (/wiki/Cornette) Dunce (/wiki/Dunce_cap) Fillet (/wiki/Fillet_(clothing)) French hood (/wiki/French_hood) Fontange (/wiki/Fontange) Futou (/wiki/Futou) Gable hood (/wiki/Gable_hood) Hennin (/wiki/Hennin) Jeongjagwan (/wiki/Jeongjagwan) Jewish (/wiki/Jewish_hat) Kausia (/wiki/Kausia) Kokoshnik (/wiki/Kokoshnik) Llawt'u (/wiki/Llawt%27u) Malahai (/wiki/Malahai) Matron's badge (/wiki/Matron%27s_badge) Miner's (/wiki/Miner%27s_cap) Mob (/wiki/Mobcap) Modius (/wiki/Modius_(headdress)) Monmouth (/wiki/Monmouth_cap) Mooskappe (/wiki/Mooskappe) Motoring hood (/wiki/Motoring_hood) Mounteere (/wiki/Mounteere_Cap) Nemes (/wiki/Nemes) Nightcap (/wiki/Nightcap_(garment)) Ochipok (/wiki/Ochipok) Pahlavi (/wiki/Pahlavi_hat) Petasos 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(/wiki/Fashion_accessory) Ascot tie (/wiki/Ascot_tie) Belt hook (/wiki/Belt_hook) Cointoise (/wiki/Cointoise) Cravat (early) (/wiki/Cravat_(early)) Hairpin (/wiki/Hairpin) Hatpin (/wiki/Hatpin) Jabot (/wiki/Jabot_(neckwear)) Lavallière (/wiki/Pussy_bow) Muff (/wiki/Muff_(handwarmer)) Oes (/wiki/Oes) Partlet (/wiki/Partlet) Perfumed gloves (/wiki/Perfumed_gloves) Ruff (/wiki/Ruff_(clothing)) Shoe buckle (/wiki/Shoe_buckle) Visard (/wiki/Visard) Clothing portal (/wiki/Portal:Clothing) v t e Clothing (/wiki/Clothing) History (/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles) Industry (/wiki/Clothing_industry) Technology (/wiki/Clothing_technology) Terminology (/wiki/Clothing_terminology) Timeline (/wiki/Timeline_of_clothing_and_textiles_technology) Headwear (/wiki/Headgear) Beret (/wiki/Beret) Cap (/wiki/Cap) baseball (/wiki/Baseball_cap) flat (/wiki/Flat_cap) knit (/wiki/Knit_cap) Hat (/wiki/Hat) boater (/wiki/Boater) bowler (/wiki/Bowler_hat) fedora (/wiki/Fedora) homburg (/wiki/Homburg_hat) top (/wiki/Top_hat) Helmet (/wiki/Helmet) Hood (/wiki/Hood_(headgear)) Kerchief (/wiki/Kerchief) Mask (/wiki/Mask) Turban (/wiki/Turban) Veil (/wiki/Veil) Neckwear (/wiki/Neckwear) Bands (/wiki/Bands_(neckwear)) Choker (/wiki/Choker) Clerical collar (/wiki/Clerical_collar) Lavallière (/wiki/Pussy_bow) Neckerchief (/wiki/Neckerchief) Neck gaiter (/wiki/Neck_gaiter) Necktie (/wiki/Necktie) ascot (/wiki/Ascot_tie) bolo (/wiki/Bolo_tie) bow (/wiki/Bow_tie) kipper (/wiki/Kipper_tie) school (/wiki/School_tie) stock (/wiki/Stock_tie) Scarf (/wiki/Scarf) Tippet (/wiki/Tippet) Tops (/wiki/Top_(clothing)) Blouse (/wiki/Blouse) cache-cœur (/wiki/Cache-c%C5%93ur) crop top (/wiki/Crop_top) halterneck (/wiki/Halterneck) tube top (/wiki/Tube_top) Cycling (/wiki/Cycling_jersey) Kurta (/wiki/Kurta) Mantle (/wiki/Mantle_(clothing)) Shirt (/wiki/Shirt) dress (/wiki/Dress_shirt) Henley (/wiki/Henley_shirt) polo (/wiki/Polo_shirt) sleeveless (/wiki/Sleeveless_shirt) T (/wiki/T-shirt) Sweater (/wiki/Sweater) 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Sweatpants (/wiki/Sweatpants) Windpants (/wiki/Windpants) Yoga pants (/wiki/Yoga_pants) Suits (/wiki/Suit) and uniforms (/wiki/Uniform) Ceremonial dress (/wiki/Ceremonial_dress) academic (/wiki/Academic_dress) court (/wiki/Court_dress) diplomatic (/wiki/Diplomatic_uniform) Folk (/wiki/Folk_costume) Jodhpuri (/wiki/Jodhpuri) Jumpsuit (/wiki/Jumpsuit) Military (/wiki/Military_uniform) full (/wiki/Full_dress_uniform) mess (/wiki/Mess_dress_uniform) service (/wiki/Service_dress_uniform) sailor (/wiki/Sailor_suit) combat (/wiki/Combat_uniform) Pantsuit (/wiki/Pantsuit) Religious (/wiki/Religious_clothing) cassock (/wiki/Cassock) clerical (/wiki/Clerical_clothing) vestment (/wiki/Vestment) School (/wiki/School_uniform) Prison (/wiki/Prison_uniform) Workwear (/wiki/Workwear) boilersuit (/wiki/Boilersuit) cleanroom (/wiki/Cleanroom_suit) hazmat (/wiki/Hazmat_suit) space (/wiki/Space_suit) scrubs (/wiki/Scrubs_(clothing)) Dresses (/wiki/Dress) and gowns (/wiki/Gown) Formal, semi- formal, informal Backless (/wiki/Backless_dress) Bouffant gown (/wiki/Bouffant_gown) Coatdress (/wiki/Coatdress) Cocktail (/wiki/Cocktail_dress) little black (/wiki/Little_black_dress) Evening (/wiki/Evening_gown) ball gown (/wiki/Ball_gown) debutante (/wiki/Debutante_dress) Plain (/wiki/Plain_dress) Prairie (/wiki/Prairie_dress) Princess line (/wiki/Princess_line) Strapless (/wiki/Strapless_dress) Wedding (/wiki/Wedding_dress) Wrap (/wiki/Wrap_dress) Casual House (/wiki/House_dress) Jumper (/wiki/Jumper_(dress)) Romper suit (/wiki/Romper_suit) Sheath (/wiki/Sheath_dress) Shirtdress (/wiki/Shirtdress) Slip (/wiki/Slip_dress) Sundress (/wiki/Sundress) Skirts (/wiki/Skirt) A-line (/wiki/A-line_(clothing)) Ballerina (/wiki/Ballerina_skirt) Denim (/wiki/Denim_skirt) Men's (/wiki/Men%27s_skirts) Miniskirt (/wiki/Miniskirt) Pencil (/wiki/Pencil_skirt) Prairie (/wiki/Prairie_skirt) Rah-rah (/wiki/Rah-rah_skirt) Sarong (/wiki/Sarong) Skort (/wiki/Skort) Tutu (/wiki/Tutu_(clothing)) Wrap (/wiki/Wrap_(clothing)) Underwear (/wiki/Underwear) and lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) Top Bra (/wiki/Bra) Camisole (/wiki/Camisole) Undershirt (/wiki/Undershirt) Bottom Diaper (/wiki/Diaper) Training pants (/wiki/Training_pants) Leggings (/wiki/Leggings) Panties (/wiki/Panties) Plastic pants (/wiki/Plastic_pants) Slip (/wiki/Slip_(clothing)) Thong (/wiki/Thong) Underpants (/wiki/Underpants) boxer briefs (/wiki/Boxer_briefs) boxer shorts (/wiki/Boxer_shorts) briefs (/wiki/Briefs) Full Bodysuit, adult (/wiki/Bodysuit) Bodysuit, infant (/wiki/Infant_bodysuit) Long underwear (/wiki/Long_underwear) See-through (/wiki/See-through_clothing) Teddy (/wiki/Teddy_(garment)) Coats (/wiki/Coat) and outerwear (/wiki/List_of_outerwear) Overcoats (/wiki/Overcoat) Car (/wiki/Car_coat) Chesterfield (/wiki/Chesterfield_coat) Covert (/wiki/Covert_coat) Duffel (/wiki/Duffel_coat) Duster (/wiki/Duster_(clothing)) Greatcoat (/wiki/Greatcoat) British Warm (/wiki/British_Warm) Guards Coat (/wiki/Guards_Coat) Greca 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The Groves Classification is a numbering system to enable the shape of any academic gown or hood (/wiki/Academic_dress) to be easily described and identified. It was devised by Nicholas Groves to establish a common terminology for hoods and gowns to remedy the situation of individual universities using differing terms to describe the same item. As such it is used in same manner as an heraldic blazon whereby a textual description enables a coat of arms to be drawn. The system was first described in the Burgon Society (/wiki/Burgon_Society) 's annual in 2001 and adopted as standard by robe makers and scholars of academic dress. [1] (#cite_note-Burgon_Annual-1) Classes [ edit ] The major classes of academic hoods. Cape Cowl Liripipe Full Simple Aberdeen The original Groves Classification included a standardization for shapes and patterns of hoods and gowns worn by graduates and undergraduates. Further information was given regarding the use of different fabrics and standardization of colors, but the focus was placed on gowns and hoods which are explained further below. [1] (#cite_note-Burgon_Annual-1) The Classification undergoes periodic revision as new hood and gown patterns emerge. Hoods [ edit ] Hoods in the Classification are divided into three different types as summarised in the table below. Unlike the gowns and robes, these are based on the shape of the hood rather than the degrees for which they are worn. [f] full shape hoods are those that have a cape (/wiki/Cape) , a cowl (/wiki/Cowl) and a liripipe (/wiki/Liripipe) . [s] simple shape hoods have only a cowl and a liripipe. [a] Aberdeen shape hoods have only a cape and a vestigial cowl. Code number Name Pattern Rear view. Flat view Notes Full shape hoods [f1] Cambridge Cape with square corners. [f2] Dublin As [f1] but the liripipe is curved at the inner corner. [f3] London As [f1] but the cape corners are rounded. [f4] Durham Doctors Used for doctoral degrees at the University of Durham. As [f7] but the liripipe is cut at a 45-degree angle and the cowl is slanted downwards. [f5] Oxford Full Used for doctoral degrees at the University of Oxford. As [f7] but larger and with a narrow squared 'slot' between the liripipe edge and the cape. [f6] Durham BA Traditional shape for BA degrees at the University of Durham. As for [f7] but with a large, semi-circular cape, and the space between the cape and liripipe is cut in a quadrant arc. The liripipe is sewn on separately. [f7] Durham BSc As [f3] but the bottom of the cape has a rounded, semi-circular edge. [f8] Edinburgh (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Edinburgh) Full (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Edinburgh) As [s4] but with a cape sewn on the back. [f9] Glasgow (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Glasgow) Larger version of [f1], with a longer cape and a long narrow liripipe. Typically made with a wide neckband. [f10] St Andrews Similar to [f3] but the liripipe is slightly slanted outward and has a slight bell-shape to the end. [f11] Warham Guild (/wiki/Warham_Guild) Created to resemble the more ancient version of the hood. [f12] King's Full (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_King%27s_College_London) Designed by Dame Vivienne Westwood in 2008 and features two long (4') streamers which serve as gown facings. There is no neckband, and the hood is held in place by a button fixed to the each shoulder of the gown. Owing to its unique shape the hood cannot be folded flat. For clergymen that require it, a version with a neckband is available. [f13] UMIST (/wiki/UMIST) [f14] ICC Doctors [f15] Toronto (/wiki/University_of_Toronto) As [f14] but the liripipe is vertical rather than slanted. Simple shape hoods [s1] Oxford Simple [s2] Oxford Burgon [s3] Belfast (/wiki/Queen%27s_University_Belfast) [s4] Edinburgh (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Edinburgh) As for [f8] with the cape portion removed. [s5] Wales [s6] Leicester (/wiki/University_of_Leicester) Bachelors (/wiki/University_of_Leicester) [s7] Leeds [s8] Sussex (/wiki/University_of_Sussex) [s9] Victoria [s10] Aston (/wiki/Aston_University) [s11] Glasgow (/wiki/Glasgow_Caledonian_University) Caledonian (/wiki/Glasgow_Caledonian_University) Designed by Aileen Stewart in 1993 [s12] King's Simple Aberdeen shaped hoods [a1] CNAA [a2] Leicester (/wiki/University_of_Leicester) Masters (/wiki/University_of_Leicester) [a3] Kent [a4] East Anglia (/wiki/University_of_East_Anglia) [a5] Leicester Doctors [a6] Dundee (/wiki/University_of_Dundee) [a7] Aberdeen (/wiki/University_of_Aberdeen) Gowns [ edit ] Gowns in the Groves system are divided into three classes. These generally follow the shapes associated with each different academic degree (/wiki/Academic_degree) in the British educational system. [b] bachelor's (/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree) gowns typically have large open sleeves [m] master's (/wiki/Master%27s_degree) gowns typically have long closed sleeves with armhole at elbow level [d] doctor's (/wiki/Doctoral_degree) robes vary in shape widely between institutions and are all classed as [d]. Bachelors [ edit ] Code Example Notes Bachelors gowns [b1] Basic bachelor plain open sleeves, point reaching knee [b2] Cambridge (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Cambridge) BA sleeve has slit in foream seam [b3] Cambridge MB front of sleeve has foldback and cord and button [b4] London (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_London) BA front of sleeve is pleated and held by cord and button [b5] Durham (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_Durham_University) BA lower 8" of forearm seam left open, and held by button and loop [b6] Wales (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Wales) BA lower 6" of forearm seam left open and folded back, held by 2 buttons, with third button on seam in middle [b7] Bath BA as [b5], but with button at top of slit [b8] Oxford (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Oxford) BA as [b1], but sleeves reach hem of gown [b9] Belfast BA bell sleeve, pleated as [b4] [b10] Dublin (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Dublin) BA as [b1], but sleeves much smaller [b11] Reading BA as [b2], but sleeve point is rounded off [b12] Sussex BA bag sleeve with small armhole Masters [ edit ] Sleeve pattern Degree Oxford MA (/wiki/Oxford_MA) Cambridge MA (/wiki/Cambridge_Master_of_Arts) Dublin (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Dublin) MA Wales (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Wales) MA London (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_London) MA Victoria (/wiki/Victoria_University_of_Manchester) MA Lampeter (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Wales,_Lampeter#Academic_dress) BD Leicester (/wiki/University_of_Leicester) MA Bristol (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Bristol) MA Code number [m1] [m2] [m3] [m4] [m5] [m6] [m7] [m8] [m9] Basic Master (/wiki/Master%27s_degree) Lancaster (/wiki/Lancaster_University) MA Scottish MA (/wiki/Scottish_MA) Not used Open (/wiki/Open_University) Warwick (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Warwick) MA Bath (/wiki/University_of_Bath) MA Sussex (/wiki/University_of_Sussex) MA Manchester (/wiki/University_of_Manchester) MA King's (/wiki/King%27s_College_London) MA [m10] [m11] [m12] [m13] [m14] [m15] [m16] [m17] [m18] [m19] Doctors [ edit ] Code Example Notes Doctors/Special gowns [d1] Cambridge doctors wide open sleeves, similar to [b1], with the wrist turned back and held with a cord and button [d2] Oxford doctors bell sleeves [d3] Cambridge MusD small bell sleeves with cuff [d4] Cambridge LL.D undress flap-collar (QC's) gown [d5] Oxford convocation habit sleeveless habit closed with two buttons at the front [d6] Sussex doctors MA-style sleeve with vertical slit, base hollowed into B shape [d7] Aston narrow sleeves [d8] Cambridge DD undress bell sleeves gathered at wrist Headwear [ edit ] Code Example Notes [h1] Mortarboard (/wiki/Mortarboard) a square board attached to a skull cap, often with a button and tassel [h2] Tudor bonnet (/wiki/Tudor_bonnet) a round soft hat with brim, often with a cord and tassels [h3] John Knox (/wiki/John_Knox) cap a square soft cap [h4] Bishop Andrewes (/wiki/Lancelot_Andrewes) cap like [h1] but soft and with a silk tuff in lieu of button and tassel [h5] Oxford ladies' cap a soft square cap with a flap at the back and held up with two buttons [h6] Sussex pileus a round cylindrical cap with a covered button on the top [h7] Leicester doctoral cap a modified biretta [h8] UEA (/wiki/University_of_East_Anglia) BA a skull cap with upturned brim (no longer used in practice, though still prescribed officially as the undergraduate cap) [h9] UEA MA a skull cap with a triangular structure on top (no longer used by students, though worn by the Registrar at congregation ceremonies) Additions [ edit ] The Groves classification system was first published in 2001. Since that time, it has been adapted and changed to include newly devised academic dress and revisions of existing schemes. [1] (#cite_note-Burgon_Annual-1) The Burgon Society maintains a comprehensive listing of system shapes on its website. In addition to those included above, the current list classifies undergraduate gowns in use throughout the United Kingdom and academic headwear. [2] (#cite_note-2) American doctoral robes [ edit ] An American doctoral robe as originally prescribed by the ICC In 2012, David Boven devised a system of classification to include unique doctoral robes in the United States of America. The Intercollegiate Code describes the form of dress for doctors at American institutions, but many have changed the colors of their robes. [3] (#cite_note-ICC_Gowns-3) Several institutions have even developed unique forms of robes for the doctoral graduates. In all of these instances, there are some cases where [3] (#cite_note-ICC_Gowns-3) ICC Shape [ edit ] Code Gown Color Facing/Bar Color Piping [c1] ICC black ICC black (or discipline color) Colored [c2] ICC black Colored Colored (or black) [c3] Colored ICC black (or discipline color) Colored (or black) [c4] Colored Colored Colored (or black) Unique shapes [ edit ] Code Name Description [c5] Princeton Similar to ICC, but velvet removed from the robe and replaced with faille orange facings and sleeve bars. Sleeves shortened and orange lining added. Designed to be worn open. [c6] Stanford Modified version of the Cambridge doctors [d1] robe. Side panels of gown body cardinal red with black facings and black yoke. Sleeves black with cuffs covered in red and also lined in satin indicating discipline. Facings bear coat of arms. Designed to be worn open. [c7] Stony Brook Blue robes with no sleeve bars, but three gold rays extending from bottom of sleeves and coming to point at shoulder. Right shoulder bears small representation of university’s seal. Rays attached to sleeve at wrist and shoulder, but remain unattached for rest of length. [c8] RIT Based on standard ICC robe with velvet facings and sleeve bars, but with addition of long pointed sleeves similar to the Cambridge doctor’s [d1] robe References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c Groves, Nicholas (2001), "Towards a Standard Terminology for Describing Academic Dress" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150923195303/http://www.burgon.org.uk/society/library/trans/annual2001.pdf) (PDF) , The Burgon Society Annual , 1 : 9–12, archived from the original (http://www.burgon.org.uk/society/library/trans/annual2001.pdf) (PDF) on 2015-09-23 , retrieved 2011-04-04 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "The Design of Academical Dress" (https://web.archive.org/web/20090223213337/http://www.burgon.org.uk/design/groves.php) . The Burgon Society. Archived from the original (http://www.burgon.org.uk/design/groves.php) on 2009-02-23 . Retrieved 2011-04-04 . ^ Jump up to: a b Boven, David T. (2012). "A Touch of Colour: Surveying Variation in American Academic Dress and a System of Categories for Departures" (https://newprairiepress.org/burgonsociety/vol12/iss1/7/) . Transactions of the Burgon Society . 12 : 86–102. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.4148/2475-7799.1102 (https://doi.org/10.4148%2F2475-7799.1102) . Retrieved 26 February 2020 . Further reading [ edit ] Nicholas Groves (ed.) (2011) Shaw's Academical Dress of Great Britain and Ireland ; 3rd ed. Published by the Burgon Society, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-95612723-5 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-95612723-5) hide v t e Academic dress (/wiki/Academic_dress) Components Terminology Groves classification system Headwear Bishop Andrewes cap (/wiki/Bishop_Andrewes_cap) Biretta (/wiki/Biretta#Academic_biretta) Canterbury cap (/wiki/Canterbury_cap) Couleur (/wiki/Couleur) Doctoral hat (/wiki/Doctoral_hat) Faluche (/wiki/Faluche) Square academic cap (/wiki/Square_academic_cap) Student cap (/wiki/Student_cap) Tudor bonnet (/wiki/Tudor_bonnet) Hoods Cowl (/wiki/Cowl) Epitoge (/wiki/Epitoge) Hood (/wiki/Hood_(headgear)) Liripipe (/wiki/Liripipe) Stole (/wiki/Academic_stole) Tippet (/wiki/Tippet) Gowns Cope (/wiki/Cope) Gown (/wiki/Gown) Khrui (/wiki/Khrui) Miscellaneous Bands (/wiki/Bands_(neckwear)) Doctoral ring (/wiki/Doctoral_ring) Sub fusc (/wiki/Sub_fusc#Subfusc) People Cecil Beaton (/wiki/Cecil_Beaton) John Burgon (/wiki/John_Burgon) Charles Franklyn (/wiki/Charles_Franklyn) Norman Hargreaves-Mawdsley (/wiki/Norman_Hargreaves-Mawdsley) George Shaw (/wiki/George_Shaw_(academic_dress_scholar)) Vivienne Westwood (/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood) By country Australia Melbourne (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_University_of_Melbourne) Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_Royal_Melbourne_Institute_of_Technology) Tasmania (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Tasmania) Canada McGill (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_McGill_University) Ireland Dublin (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Dublin) National (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_National_University_of_Ireland) Philippines Santo Tomas (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Santo_Tomas) Thailand Chulalongkorn (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_Chulalongkorn_University) United Kingdom (/wiki/Academic_dress_in_the_United_Kingdom) England and Wales Bristol (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Bristol) Cambridge (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Cambridge) Durham (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_Durham_University) Exeter (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Exeter) Imperial (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_Imperial_College_London) Kent (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Kent) Leeds (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Leeds) Liverpool John Moores (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_Liverpool_John_Moores_University) London (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_London) King's (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_King%27s_College_London) Manchester (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Manchester) Nottingham (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Nottingham) Oxford (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Oxford) Wales (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Wales) Warwick (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Warwick) Scotland Edinburgh (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Edinburgh) Glasgow (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Glasgow) Robert Gordon (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_Robert_Gordon_University) St Andrews (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_St_Andrews) Undergraduate gowns (/wiki/Undergraduate_gowns_in_Scotland) United States (/wiki/Academic_dress_in_the_United_States) Columbia (/wiki/Academic_regalia_of_Columbia_University) Harvard (/wiki/Academic_regalia_of_Harvard_University) Stanford (/wiki/Academic_regalia_of_Stanford_University) Other countries China (/wiki/Chinese_academic_dress) France (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robe_universitaire_en_France) Spain (https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indumentaria_universitaria_en_Espa%C3%B1a) See also The Burgon Society (/wiki/Burgon_Society) Academic scarves (/wiki/Academic_scarf) Honor cords (/wiki/Honor_cords) Legal dress (/wiki/Legal_dress) Praxe (/wiki/Praxe) Category (/wiki/Category:Academic_dress) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7ff7499668‐tsm7m Cached time: 20240716103449 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.348 seconds Real time usage: 0.528 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 859/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 49457/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 251/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 23819/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.149/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3816296/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 251.060 1 -total 44.63% 112.053 1 Template:Reflist 40.55% 101.814 4 Template:Navbox 39.20% 98.421 1 Template:Academic_dress 32.24% 80.930 1 Template:Citation 7.16% 17.972 1 Template:ISBN 6.35% 15.949 1 Template:Space 4.55% 11.418 1 Template:Catalog_lookup_link 3.95% 9.915 1 Template:Icon 2.37% 5.958 1 Template:Cite_web Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:28765301-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716103449 and revision id 1229212401. 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American women's footwear designer Daniella Shevel Born Johannesburg (/wiki/Johannesburg) , South Africa (/wiki/South_Africa) Nationality South African, American Education University of Southern California (/wiki/University_of_Southern_California) Occupation Fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) Years active 2018–present Website daniellashevel.com (https://daniellashevel.com/) Daniella Shevel is a New York (/wiki/NYC) -based, South African and American women's footwear designer (/wiki/List_of_footwear_designers) and founder of the eponymous shoe brand. Early life [ edit ] Daniella was born in Johannesburg (/wiki/Johannesburg) , South Africa (/wiki/South_Africa) . Her family moved to California (/wiki/California) when she was at 17 years old age, where she graduated from the University of Southern California (/wiki/University_of_Southern_California) . Career [ edit ] Daniella worked in digital marketing teams of Rag & Bone (/wiki/Rag_%26_Bone) and Shopbop (/wiki/Shopbop) . Per her early childhood influence from Jimmy Choo (/wiki/Jimmy_Choo) [1] (#cite_note-1) and her passion for shoes, in 2018 founded her namesake brand. [2] (#cite_note-2) The designer has a flagship store (/wiki/Flagship_store) in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) 's West Village (/wiki/West_Village) neighborhood. Daniella's shoes are sourcing thicker heels, adding extra cushion to insoles, [3] (#cite_note-3) and choosing the softest and highest quality materials. [4] (#cite_note-4) All shoes are handcrafted in Brazil and Italy. [5] (#cite_note-5) Some of her square toe boots are reminiscent of the 90's (/wiki/1990s_in_fashion) along with snake skin patterns. [6] (#cite_note-6) Her shoes were showcased at 2023 runway show and presentation at New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) . [7] (#cite_note-7) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Morgan Jones, Women of the Future: Daniella Shevel (https://curatedbymojo.com/lifestyle/2018/12/5/daniella-shevel) , Curated by Mo Jo , December 21, 2018 ^ (#cite_ref-2) McDonald, S. FWN , A Go-Getter Who Traveled Halfway Across the World to Launch Her Own Shoe Brand (https://footwearnews.com/2018/influencers/power-players/daniella-shevel-shoes-1202694062/) Oct 19, 2018 ^ (#cite_ref-3) E! (/wiki/E!) , The Ultimate Celebrity Fall Boot Guide (https://www.eonline.com/photos/25542/the-ultimate-celebrity-fall-boot-guide) , September 21, 2018 ^ (#cite_ref-4) Virtual Shoe Museum: Daniella Shevel (https://virtualshoemuseum.com/daniella-shevel/) ^ (#cite_ref-5) Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) , In the spotlight: Daniella Shevel (https://shop.harpersbazaar.com/designers/daniella-shevel/daniella-shevel.html) 2019 ^ (#cite_ref-6) Messino, G. V magazine (/wiki/V_(American_magazine)) , 9 best boots to include in your wardrobe this fall (https://vmagazine.com/article/9-best-boots-to-include-in-your-wardrobe-this-fall/) , October 13, 2021 ^ (#cite_ref-7) Lombardo, M. Glamour And Optimism At New York Fashion Week (https://worldbridemagazine.com/35799/glamour-and-optimism-at-new-york-fashion-week/) WB Magazine , March 10, 2023 External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.daniellashevel.com) This article about a fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guidelines for companies and organizations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(organizations_and_companies)) . Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing reliable secondary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) that are independent (/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources) of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be merged (/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging) , redirected (/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect) , or deleted (/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy) . Find sources: "Thomas Sabo" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Thomas+Sabo%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Thomas+Sabo%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Thomas+Sabo%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Thomas+Sabo%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Thomas+Sabo%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Thomas+Sabo%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( December 2022 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Thomas Sabo Company type Private (/wiki/Private_Company) Industry Jewellery Manufacturing Watchmaking Founded 1984 Founder Thomas Sabo Headquarters Lauf an der Pegnitz (/wiki/Lauf_an_der_Pegnitz) , Germany (/wiki/Germany) Key people Thomas Sabo (chairman, managing director) Gunnar Binder (managing director) Products Jewellery, watches Number of employees 1,860 (2016) [1] (#cite_note-1) Website www.thomassabo.com (https://www.thomassabo.com) Thomas Sabo GmbH & Co. KG is a German manufacturer of jewellery (/wiki/Jewellery) and watches (/wiki/Watches) . History [ edit ] The company was founded in 1984 in Lauf an der Pegnitz (/wiki/Lauf_an_der_Pegnitz) , Germany by Thomas Sabo. [2] (#cite_note-2) Thomas Sabo engages in designing, manufacturing, and distributing jewellery and watches. [3] (#cite_note-3) Operating structure [ edit ] The company employs around 500 people at its main site in Lauf a. d. Pegnitz. The head office houses, among other things, the management, administration, marketing, sales for specialist and retail trade, as well as a workshop and customer service. Internationally, the company has over 1800 employees. [4] (#cite_note-ts_2-4) [5] (#cite_note-n-land-5) The corporate structure includes TS Unternehmens- und Beteiligungs GmbH (asset management and real estate business) as well as several foreign companies. [6] (#cite_note-6) See also [ edit ] Thomas Sabo Ice Tigers (/wiki/Thomas_Sabo_Ice_Tigers) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "DIE MARKE THOMAS SABO" (https://www.thomassabo.com/EU/de_DE/brand-world/marke/bw_brand_2014_00_00_history/BW_Brand_2014_00_00_HISTORY.html?viewMoreTriggered=0) (in German). 8 May 2014 . Retrieved 27 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Gründer Thomas Sabo, Marke" (https://www.thomassabo.com/EU/de_DE/brand-world/marke/bw_brand_2014_00_00_thomas-sabo/BW_Brand_2014_00_00_THOMAS+SABO.html) . Webseite thomassabo.de . 2014-05-08 . Retrieved 2023-09-10 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Company Overview of THOMAS SABO GmbH & Co. KG" (https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=54506491) . Bloomberg L.P. (/wiki/Bloomberg_L.P.) Retrieved 27 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-ts_2_4-0) "FACTS AND FIGURES" (http://www.thomassabo.com/EU/de_DE/brand-world/marke/bw_brand_2014_00_00_history/BW_Brand_2014_00_00_HISTORY.html?viewMoreTriggered=0) . Thomas Sabo GmbH & Co. KG . Retrieved 2013-08-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-n-land_5-0) "Grünes Licht für Sabo-Zentrale in Lauf" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140714212515/http://n-land.de/lokales/lok-detail/kategorie/wirtschaft-pz/datum/2013/07/25/gruenes-licht-fuer-sabo-zentrale-in-lauf.html#.U5hv4yhGSQA) . n-land.de . Archived from the original (http://n-land.de/lokales/lok-detail/kategorie/wirtschaft-pz/datum/2013/07/25/gruenes-licht-fuer-sabo-zentrale-in-lauf.html#.U5hv4yhGSQA) on 2014-07-14 . Retrieved 2014-06-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Wirtschaftsinformationen: TS Unternehmens- und Beteiligungs GmbH" (https://www.northdata.de/TS+Unternehmens-+und+Beteiligungs+GmbH) . North Data . 2022-06-30 . Retrieved 2023-09-10 . External links [ edit ] Thomas Sabo Website (https://www.thomassabo.com) Watch Protective Film (https://finewatchcare.com/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐t96dk Cached time: 20240713001125 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.246 seconds Real time usage: 0.323 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1438/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 30439/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1440/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 26130/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.167/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5170097/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 295.927 1 -total 38.50% 113.945 1 Template:Reflist 34.16% 101.075 1 Template:Infobox_company 33.88% 100.256 6 Template:Cite_web 29.39% 86.987 1 Template:Infobox 26.62% 78.789 1 Template:Notability 21.69% 64.179 1 Template:Ambox 3.90% 11.545 1 Template:Find_sources_mainspace 3.56% 10.524 1 Template:Unbulleted_list 1.55% 4.599 1 Template:Strong Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:60883412-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713001125 and revision id 1204583130. 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American fashion designer George Styler Styler at New York Fashion Week, 2018 Nationality American (/wiki/Americans) , Serbian (/wiki/Serbians) Occupation Fashion designer Known for Colourful ethno-look knitwear Website https://georgestyler.com/ (https://georgestyler.com/) George Styler ( Serbian Cyrillic (/wiki/Serbian_Cyrillic_alphabet) : Ђорђе Тамбурић ; born Đorđe Tamburić) [1] (#cite_note-1) is a Los Angeles–based fashion designer originally from Serbia known for his ethno-look knitwear. His clients include Nicki Minaj (/wiki/Nicki_Minaj) , Rita Ora (/wiki/Rita_Ora) , Gloria Trevi (/wiki/Gloria_Trevi) , George Clinton (/wiki/George_Clinton_(funk_musician)) , Sara Jovanović (/wiki/Sara_Jovanovi%C4%87) , Nikolija (/wiki/Nikolija) ... Biography [ edit ] Styler graduated from the Textile College of Applied Studies in Design, Technology and Management in Belgrade (/wiki/Belgrade) , Serbia. [ citation needed ] Work [ edit ] Specializing in knitwear, Styler's designs have been described as colorful with a multicultural flair. His inspirations are varied, deriving from nature, architecture, fairy tales, flora and fauna. [2] (#cite_note-2) According to Styler, "Every day is a fashion show and the world is your runway." [3] (#cite_note-3) Styler's line of clothing has been presented at London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) , LA Fashion Week (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Fashion_Week) , Expo 2015 (/wiki/Expo_2015) Milan, the Fashionclash Festival, Seattle Fashion Week, Scottsdale Fashion Week, Vancouver Fashion Week (/wiki/Vancouver_Fashion_Week) , and Belgrade Fashion Week (/wiki/Belgrade_Fashion_Week) . [4] (#cite_note-auto1-4) His clothes were also recently presented at New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) in February 2018 and one of his designs made the cover of Brazil's Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) magazine in January of the same year. LA Fashion Week, 2017 Awards [ edit ] 2012: Fashion Show Award (BazART Award) at Belgrade Fashion Week. [ citation needed ] 2014: "Ones to Watch" award at London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) 2014: Knitwear King prize by the magazine Machine Knitting Monthly. [4] (#cite_note-auto1-4) 2018: Best Couture Designer Award by Fashion Community Week, San Francisco References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Balkanska moda osvaja svet" (http://www.novosti.rs/vesti/zivot_+.305.html:597958-Balkanska-moda-osvaja-svet) . www.novosti.rs . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "SFW-Designers" (http://www.scottsdalefashionweek.com/sfw-designers.html) . Scottsdalefashionweek.com. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170705182146/http://www.scottsdalefashionweek.com/sfw-designers.html) from the original on 2017-07-05 . Retrieved 2018-03-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Wannabe Magazine (8 February 2013). "Wannabe intervju: George Styler — Wannabe Magazine" (http://wannabemagazine.com/wannabe-intervju-george-styler/) . Wannabemagazine.com. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140407052440/http://wannabemagazine.com/wannabe-intervju-george-styler/) from the original on 2014-04-07 . Retrieved 2018-03-08 . ^ a b "George Styler" (http://spynewsmagazine.com/george-styler/) . Spy News Magazine. 2017-09-07. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20171026192034/http://spynewsmagazine.com/george-styler/) from the original on 2017-10-26 . Retrieved 2018-03-08 . 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Mizzen+Main Founded 2012 Founder Kevin Lavelle Headquarters Dallas, Texas (/wiki/Dallas,_Texas) , U.S.A. Key people Ryan Kent (President), Bethany Muths (CMO), Noreen Naroo-Pucci (CDO), Corey Bohler (CFO) Products Menswear Website mizzenandmain (http://mizzenandmain.com/) .com (http://mizzenandmain.com/) Mizzen+Main is an American clothing company based in Dallas, Texas. The company mainly focuses on menswear products and started in 2012. Background [ edit ] Mizzen+Main was co-founded in 2012 by Kevin Lavelle. He served as the company's CEO until April 2019. [1] (#cite_note-1) Chris Phillips, formerly the head of men's clothing at Stitch Fix, became the CEO in April 2019. [2] (#cite_note-2) When Phillips exited Mizzen+Main in early January 2021, Ryan Kent, the former COO, became the President and acting CEO. Co-founder Lavelle -a graduate of Southern Methodist University (/wiki/Southern_Methodist_University) - began his career as a management consultant, [3] (#cite_note-SMU40U40-3) working as an intern in Washington D.C. (/wiki/Washington,_D.C.) . [4] (#cite_note-DmagSuccess-4) He observed that traditional dress shirts did not handle perspiration (/wiki/Perspiration) effectively, leading him to develop a prototype dress shirt designed in style to athletic clothing [5] (#cite_note-FastComp-5) to manage moisture. This prototype eventually became one of the company's first offerings. [6] (#cite_note-NYTimesNoSweat-6) [7] (#cite_note-DallasNewsStartup-7) The company was self-funded and later received external investment. [8] (#cite_note-WSJUpscale-8) It began with selling online and later expanded distribution to retail stores and specialty shops. [7] (#cite_note-DallasNewsStartup-7) To supplement the brand's distribution strategy, it also sought out partnerships with men's specialty stores and golf shops. [9] (#cite_note-9) In 2013, it caught the eye of executives from Saks Fifth Avenue (/wiki/Saks_Fifth_Avenue) , [10] (#cite_note-SuperBowlBizJourn-10) and was invited to be one of two pop-up stores (/wiki/Pop-up_retail) inside of Saks' New York store as part of Super Bowl XLVIII (/wiki/Super_Bowl_XLVIII) weekend. [11] (#cite_note-AdWeekSuper-11) [10] (#cite_note-SuperBowlBizJourn-10) In the summer of 2014, the firm raised an additional round of capital from investors. [12] (#cite_note-DallasNew12Million-12) [8] (#cite_note-WSJUpscale-8) Endorsements [ edit ] In 2015, professional football player J.J. Watt (/wiki/J._J._Watt) entered into an agreement with Mizzen+Main, receiving an equity share in the company. [13] (#cite_note-13) In July 2017, Watt and the company launched "The J.J. Watt Collection" clothing line [14] (#cite_note-14) featuring eight pieces ranging from polos to dress shirts. [15] (#cite_note-15) The following April, professional golfer Phil Mickelson (/wiki/Phil_Mickelson) wore a Mizzen+Main long-sleeve dress shirt to play in a golf tournament. The outfit was selected as part of an agreement with Mizzen+Main in which Mickelson received an stake in the company and a cash lump sum. [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Mizzen+Main CEO to step down to fight 'crony capitalism' with Koch-funded policy group" (https://www.dallasnews.com/business/retail/2019/04/11/mizzen-main-ceo-to-step-down-to-fight-crony-capitalism-with-koch-funded-policy-group/) . Dallas News . 2019-04-11 . Retrieved 2019-10-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Thomas, Lauren (2019-04-11). "Stitch Fix's head of men's clothing is leaving to become CEO of online retailer Mizzen+Main" (https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/11/stitch-fix-executive-chris-phillips-leaving-to-become-ceo-of-mizzenmain.html) . CNBC . Retrieved 2019-10-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-SMU40U40_3-0) Ward, Patricia. "SMU Alumni Name To '40 Under 40' Business Leaders List" (http://blog.smu.edu/smumagazine/2013/08/smu-alumni-named-to-40-under-40-business-leaders-list/) . Southern Methodist University . Retrieved 13 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-DmagSuccess_4-0) Ramsey, Raya (June 2014). "Mizzen+Main's 'Co Sweat' Success" (http://www.dmagazine.com/publications/d-ceo/2014/may-june/mizzen-main-shirt-company-startup) . D Magazine . Retrieved 13 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-FastComp_5-0) Zak, David (20 September 2013). "So Long, Pit Stains: This 'Performance Dress Shirt' Eliminates Your Sweat Problem" (http://www.fastcompany.com/3017822/most-creative-people/so-long-pit-stains-this-performance-dress-shirt-eliminates-your-sweat-p) . Fast Company . Retrieved 13 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-NYTimesNoSweat_6-0) Teeman, Tim (18 December 2013). "A No-Sweat Work Shirt? No Sweat" (https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/19/fashion/a-no-sweat-work-shirt-no-sweat.html?_r=0) . The New York Times . Retrieved 13 March 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Cho, Hannah; Gales, Arsella (15 March 2014). "Dallas Becomes A Mini Hub of Fashion and E-commerce Startups" (http://www.dallasnews.com/business/retail/20140315-dallas-becomes-a-mini-hub-of-fashion-and-e-commerce-startups.ece) . Dallas News . Retrieved 13 March 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Kolodny, Lora (28 August 2014). "Mizzen+Main Raises $1.2M for Clothes That Look Upscale, Feel Athletic" (https://blogs.wsj.com/venturecapital/2014/08/28/mizzenmain-raises-1-2m-for-clothes-that-look-upscale-feel-athletic/) . The Wall Street Journal . Retrieved 13 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Danziger, Pamela N. "Why Digitally Native Menswear Fashion Brand Mizzen+Main Made Wholesale Retail Part Of Its Distribution Strategy" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/pamdanziger/2020/01/16/why-digitally-native-menswear-fashion-brand-mizzenmain-made-wholesale-retail-part-of-its-distribution-strategy/) . Forbes . Retrieved 2020-03-30 . ^ Jump up to: a b Eaton, Dan (27 January 2014). "Mizzen & Main getting Super Bowl showcase" (http://www.bizjournals.com/columbus/blog/small-business/2014/01/mizzen-main-getting-super-bowl.html?page=all) . Columbus Business Journal . Retrieved 13 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-AdWeekSuper_11-0) Heine, Christopher (26 January 2014). "Marketers Are Pushing Hard to Be Seen at This Year's Super Bowl" (http://www.adweek.com/news/advertising-branding/marketers-are-pushing-hard-be-seen-year-s-super-bowl-155214) . AdWeek . Retrieved 13 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-DallasNew12Million_12-0) Cho, Hanah (28 August 2014). "$1.2 million capital for new Design District digs, fulfillment center and showroom" (http://bizbeatblog.dallasnews.com/2014/08/dallas-based-mizzenmain-raises-1-2-million-in-funding-to-grow-apparel-business.html/) . Dallas News . Retrieved 13 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "J.J. Watt, shirtmaker Mizzen+Main strike endorsement deal" (http://www.espn.com/nfl/story/_/id/13670132/jj-watt-houston-texans-gets-ownership-stake-dallas-based-shirt-maker-mizzen-+-main) . ESPN. September 16, 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-14) "J.J. Watt debuts menswear collection with Dallas-based Mizzen+Main" (https://www.chron.com/life/article/J-J-Watt-debuts-clothing-line-with-Dallas-based-11280162.php) . Houston Chronicle . July 11, 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Mizzen + Main + NFL Star JJ Watt = Your Next Shirt" (https://www.mensjournal.com/style/mizzen-main-nfl-star-jj-watt-your-next-shirt-w500681/) . Men's Journal . September 1, 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Phil Mickelson to endorse, wear shirt brand he popularized at Masters" (http://www.espn.com/golf/story/_/id/23456088/phil-mickelson-agrees-deal-play-mizzen+main-shirts) . ESPN. May 9, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-17) "The reason why Phil Mickelson was wearing a dress shirt at The Players Championship" (https://ftw.usatoday.com/2018/05/phil-mickelson-dress-shirt-players-championship-reason-mizzen-main-pga-golf) . USA Today . May 10, 2018. 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American model (born 1996) Hailey Bieber Bieber in 2020 Born Hailey Rhode Baldwin ( 1996-11-22 ) November 22, 1996 (age 27) Tucson, Arizona (/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona) , US Occupations Model socialite media personality Years active 2014–present Spouse Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) ( m. 2018) Parents Stephen Baldwin (/wiki/Stephen_Baldwin) (father) Kennya Baldwin (mother) Relatives Baldwin family (/wiki/Baldwin_family) Eumir Deodato (/wiki/Eumir_Deodato) (maternal grandfather) Modeling information Height 5 ft 7 + 3 ⁄ 4 in (1.72 m) [1] (#cite_note-IMG-1) Hair color Blonde-Brunette Eye color Hazel [1] (#cite_note-IMG-1) Agency IMG Models (/wiki/IMG_Models) [2] (#cite_note-2) Hailey Rhode Bieber ( née (/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names) Baldwin ; born November 22, 1996) is an American model, socialite, and businesswoman. [3] (#cite_note-3) She has been featured in major ads for Guess (/wiki/Guess_(clothing)) , Ralph Lauren (/wiki/Ralph_Lauren_Corporation) , and Tommy Hilfiger. (/wiki/Tommy_Hilfiger_(company)) [4] (#cite_note-4) Early life and family [ edit ] Further information: Baldwin family (/wiki/Baldwin_family) Bieber with her father at the 2009 Movieguide Awards (/wiki/Movieguide_Awards) Hailey was born in Tucson, Arizona (/wiki/Tucson,_Arizona) , [5] (#cite_note-5) to actor Stephen Baldwin (/wiki/Stephen_Baldwin) , the youngest of the Baldwin brothers (/wiki/Baldwin_brothers) , and graphic designer Kennya Deodato Baldwin. Hailey's maternal grandfather is the Brazilian musician Eumir Deodato (/wiki/Eumir_Deodato) . [6] (#cite_note-6) Hailey was named after Halley's Comet (/wiki/Halley%27s_Comet) . [7] (#cite_note-7) Career [ edit ] Modeling [ edit ] Bieber at the 2018 Billboard Music Awards (/wiki/2018_Billboard_Music_Awards) The first modeling agency Hailey signed with was Ford Models (/wiki/Ford_Models) , [8] (#cite_note-Hardie_Ross_Appadoo_2018-8) [9] (#cite_note-Lockwood_Lockwood_2016-9) appearing in magazines such as Tatler (/wiki/Tatler) , LOVE (/wiki/LOVE_(magazine)) , V (/wiki/V_(American_magazine)) and i-D (/wiki/I-D) . [10] (#cite_note-10) Her first commercial campaign was for the clothing brand French Connection (/wiki/French_Connection_(clothing)) in the winter of 2014. [11] (#cite_note-11) In October 2014, Bieber made her runway debut walking for Topshop (/wiki/Topshop) [12] (#cite_note-12) and French fashion designer Sonia Rykiel (/wiki/Sonia_Rykiel) . [13] (#cite_note-13) In December 2014, she was involved in a photo session for Love magazine (/wiki/Love_(magazine)) , which also produced a short movie shot by photographer Daniel Jackson and released on the magazine's official YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) channel. [14] (#cite_note-14) In January 2015, Bieber was photographed for American Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) [15] (#cite_note-15) and in March for Teen Vogue (/wiki/Teen_Vogue) . [16] (#cite_note-16) In April, she shot her first magazine cover for Jalouse magazine alongside male model Lucky Blue Smith (/wiki/Lucky_Blue_Smith) . [17] (#cite_note-17) In the same month she was involved in two further cover-shoots, for the Dutch edition of L'Officiel (/wiki/L%27Officiel) [18] (#cite_note-18) and the American edition of Wonderland (/wiki/Wonderland_(magazine)) magazine [19] (#cite_note-19) and was also pictured in editorials for Miss Vogue [20] (#cite_note-20) and W (/wiki/W_(magazine)) [21] (#cite_note-21) magazines. In July 2015, she was featured in Ralph Lauren (/wiki/Ralph_Lauren) advertising alongside Australian singer Cody Simpson (/wiki/Cody_Simpson) , and in October returned to the runway for Tommy Hilfiger (/wiki/Tommy_Hilfiger) and Philipp Plein (/wiki/Philipp_Plein) . [22] (#cite_note-22) In January 2016, Bieber appeared in a Ralph Lauren campaign and shot an editorial for the Korean edition of Vogue . [23] (#cite_note-23) After walking again for Tommy Hilfiger in February, Bieber featured in spring/summer campaigns for Philipp Plein and Tommy Hilfiger. [24] (#cite_note-24) In the same period she was also shot for Self (/wiki/Self_(magazine)) magazine [25] (#cite_note-25) and filmed for a commercial of clothing brand H&M (/wiki/H%26M) , which was released in the Coachella Music Festival (/wiki/Coachella_Valley_Music_and_Arts_Festival) period in April. [26] (#cite_note-26) In March 2016, Bieber signed a contract with high-profile New York modeling agency IMG Models (/wiki/IMG_Models) [27] (#cite_note-27) and in May appeared on the cover of Marie Claire (/wiki/Marie_Claire) , who described her as a "fresh face". [28] (#cite_note-28) The American cover was also released as the July cover of the Dutch edition of Marie Claire. [29] (#cite_note-29) In June, Bieber walked for Moschino (/wiki/Moschino) alongside high-profile supermodels such as Miranda Kerr (/wiki/Miranda_Kerr) , Alessandra Ambrosio (/wiki/Alessandra_Ambrosio) , Jourdan Dunn (/wiki/Jourdan_Dunn) and Chanel Iman (/wiki/Chanel_Iman) [30] (#cite_note-30) and in the same month she also made her debut in advertising for Guess (/wiki/Guess_(clothing)) . [31] (#cite_note-31) During the summer of 2016, Bieber was photographed and filmed for an UGG (/wiki/UGG_(brand)) footwear campaign, alongside supermodel Rosie Huntington-Whiteley (/wiki/Rosie_Huntington-Whiteley) . [32] (#cite_note-32) Along with Joan Smalls (/wiki/Joan_Smalls) , Bieber was also the face of Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) 's limited-edition North American clothing line entitled "Love from Paris". [33] (#cite_note-33) Bieber also appeared in editorials for Glamour Magazine (/wiki/Glamour_(magazine)) and Italian Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) . [34] (#cite_note-34) In September, she took part in New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) , walking for Tommy Hilfiger, [35] (#cite_note-35) Prabal Gurung (/wiki/Prabal_Gurung) , [36] (#cite_note-36) Jeremy Scott (/wiki/Jeremy_Scott) , [37] (#cite_note-37) Tory Burch (/wiki/Tory_Burch) [38] (#cite_note-38) and Matty Bovan (/wiki/Fashion_East) . [39] (#cite_note-39) In London she made a personal appearance at a pre- London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) party at Stradivarius (/wiki/Stradivarius) [40] (#cite_note-40) where she provided social media presence via selfies and tweets. She then walked for Julien Macdonald (/wiki/Julien_Macdonald) in LFW. [41] (#cite_note-41) During Milan Fashion Week (/wiki/Milan_Fashion_Week) Bieber walked for Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) [42] (#cite_note-42) and in Paris Fashion Week (/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week) she walked for Elie Saab (/wiki/Elie_Saab) . [43] (#cite_note-43) Bieber also appeared in advertising for Prabal Gurung Sport. [44] (#cite_note-44) Later that year she featured in campaigns for Guess (/wiki/Guess_(clothing)) ' holiday collection [45] (#cite_note-45) and Australian label Sass & bide (/wiki/Sass_%26_bide) . [46] (#cite_note-46) In November 2016, Bieber was on the cover of the Australian edition of Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) , and featured in a French Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) editorial. [47] (#cite_note-47) In 2017, Bieber was featured on the cover of Spanish Harper's Bazaar alongside male model Jon Kortajarena (/wiki/Jon_Kortajarena) [48] (#cite_note-48) and the British edition of Elle . [49] (#cite_note-49) Bieber also appeared in the promotion video for the Fyre Festival (/wiki/Fyre_Festival) . She has since then stated that the money went towards charity. [50] (#cite_note-50) Bieber appeared in the March 2018 issue of US Elle . [51] (#cite_note-51) In September 2018, Bieber became a face of the Power of Good campaign for the Shiseido (/wiki/Shiseido) -owned make-up brand bareMinerals. [52] (#cite_note-Weiner-52) Bieber became the face of Levi Jeans (/wiki/Levi_Strauss_%26_Co.) in 2019. [53] (#cite_note-53) Other ventures [ edit ] Acting and TV appearances [ edit ] In 2005, aged nine, Bieber appeared by the side of her family in the television documentary Livin It: Unusual Suspects , and in 2009, she made an appearance in an episode of the TV show Saturday Night Live (/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live) by the side of her uncle Alec Baldwin (/wiki/Alec_Baldwin) . In 2011, she appeared as Australian singer Cody Simpson (/wiki/Cody_Simpson) 's love interest in the music video of the song " On My Mind (/wiki/On_My_Mind_(Cody_Simpson_song)) " as part of her early work [54] (#cite_note-autogenerated4-54) and several years later, in 2016, she had a role in a second music video, "Love to Love You Baby" by French model and singer Baptiste Giabiconi (/wiki/Baptiste_Giabiconi) , a cover (/wiki/Cover_version) of the Donna Summer song (/wiki/Love_to_Love_You_Baby_(song)) released in 1975. [55] (#cite_note-autogenerated3-55) Hosting [ edit ] On October 25, 2015, Bieber worked as a TV host in a segment of the 2015 (/wiki/2015_MTV_Europe_Music_Awards) MTV Europe Music Awards (/wiki/MTV_Europe_Music_Awards) in Milan (/wiki/Milan) , Italy. Alongside Italian supermodel Bianca Balti (/wiki/Bianca_Balti) and English rapper Tinie Tempah (/wiki/Tinie_Tempah) she revealed the winner of the Best Music Video Award (/wiki/MTV_Europe_Music_Award_for_Best_Video) , won by Macklemore (/wiki/Macklemore) and Ryan Lewis (/wiki/Ryan_Lewis) for the video of their song " Downtown (/wiki/Downtown_(Macklemore_%26_Ryan_Lewis_song)) ". [56] (#cite_note-56) On June 19, 2016, she co-hosted with model Gigi Hadid (/wiki/Gigi_Hadid) announcing a live exhibition by Shawn Mendes (/wiki/Shawn_Mendes) at the 2016 (/wiki/2016_iHeartRadio_Much_Music_Video_Awards) iHeartRadio Much Music Video Awards (/wiki/IHeartRadio_Much_Music_Video_Awards) in Toronto (/wiki/Toronto) , Canada. [57] (#cite_note-57) Beginning on May 2, 2017, Bieber began hosting a new TBS show Drop the Mic (/wiki/Drop_the_Mic) with rapper Method Man (/wiki/Method_Man) , featuring four celebrities facing off in a series of rap battles (/wiki/Rap_battle) . [58] (#cite_note-58) As of 2020, the show had been broadcast for two seasons but had yet to be renewed or cancelled for season three. [59] (#cite_note-59) [60] (#cite_note-60) Personal branding [ edit ] In 2016, Bieber collaborated with clothing brand The Daily Edited (/wiki/The_Daily_Edited) , promoting a handbag capsule collection labeled as #theHAILEYedited collection. [61] (#cite_note-61) In the same year, she announced a collaboration with UK footwear brand Public Desire using the hashtag #PDxHB, [62] (#cite_note-62) and announced she would be launching her own make-up collection produced by Australian brand ModelCo. [63] (#cite_note-63) In 2018, Bieber applied for and received a trademark on her name "Hailey Bieber" for commercial purposes. [64] (#cite_note-64) [65] (#cite_note-ET-65) Her request to use the trademark Bieber Beauty was denied due to Justin Bieber having ownership of that trademark. [66] (#cite_note-66) On June 15, 2022, Bieber launched a skincare brand, called Rhode, after her middle name. [67] (#cite_note-67) Personal life [ edit ] Bieber's first career aspiration was to become a professional classical ballet dancer (/wiki/Classical_ballet) , but her training ended due to a foot injury. [68] (#cite_note-68) Bieber was linked to Shawn Mendes (/wiki/Shawn_Mendes) in 2018, with the two making their first public appearance together that May at the Met Gala (/wiki/Met_Gala) . [69] (#cite_note-69) [70] (#cite_note-70) She and Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) briefly dated from December 2015 to January 2016 before splitting, then reconciled in June 2018. [71] (#cite_note-71) The couple got engaged in July 2018, and confirmed in November 2018 that they were married. [72] (#cite_note-72) [73] (#cite_note-Respers_France-73) On May 9, 2024, it was announced that Hailey was pregnant with the couple's first child. [74] (#cite_note-74) As of 2024, Bieber primarily resides with her husband Justin in La Quinta, California (/wiki/La_Quinta,_California) , previously having lived in their lakefront property in Cambridge, Ontario (/wiki/Cambridge,_Ontario) in Canada. [75] (#cite_note-75) [76] (#cite_note-auto1-76) [77] (#cite_note-auto-77) [78] (#cite_note-78) The Biebers held a second wedding ceremony in South Carolina (/wiki/South_Carolina) on September 30, 2019. [79] (#cite_note-79) [80] (#cite_note-80) Bieber was raised as an evangelical Christian (/wiki/Evangelical_Christian) and attends Churchome, the same nondenominational (/wiki/Nondenominational_Christianity) church attended by her husband. [81] (#cite_note-81) [82] (#cite_note-82) [83] (#cite_note-83) On World Mental Health Day (/wiki/World_Mental_Health_Day) 2020, she endorsed Joe Biden (/wiki/Joe_Biden) for the United States presidential election (/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election) . [84] (#cite_note-84) [85] (#cite_note-85) She had initially endorsed Senator Bernie Sanders (/wiki/Bernie_Sanders) for the Democratic (/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)) nomination during the party's primaries in 2020 (/wiki/2020_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries) . [86] (#cite_note-86) In addition to English, Bieber speaks some Portuguese as the maternal side of her family is Brazilian. [87] (#cite_note-87) Bieber supports abortion rights (/wiki/Abortion-rights_movements) , describing the overturning of (/wiki/Dobbs_v._Jackson_Women%27s_Health_Organization) Roe v. Wade as "an extreme loss and disappointment. This is really really scary." [88] (#cite_note-88) In May 2022, Bieber appeared alongside almost 160 other celebrities in a " Bans Off Our Bodies (/wiki/Bans_Off_Our_Bodies) " full-page advertisement in the New York Times (/wiki/New_York_Times) advocating for reproductive rights. [89] (#cite_note-89) Health [ edit ] On March 12, 2022, Hailey was hospitalized with stroke (/wiki/Stroke) -like symptoms. She was discharged the following day. [90] (#cite_note-90) In a 12-minute video she posted on her YouTube channel, she revealed she had suffered from a transient ischemic attack (/wiki/Transient_ischemic_attack) , caused by a patent foramen ovale (/wiki/Patent_foramen_ovale) and had surgery to repair the heart defect (/wiki/Congenital_heart_defect) . [91] (#cite_note-91) In November 2022, she stated that she had an ovarian cyst (/wiki/Ovarian_cyst) "the size of an apple" on her ovary and she had had such cysts "a few times". [92] (#cite_note-92) On April 20, 2023, Hailey Bieber issued a statement about her mental health where she revealed that she had been "fragile" since the beginning of the year. [93] (#cite_note-93) Filmography [ edit ] Television [ edit ] Year Title Role Notes 2005 Livin It: Unusual Suspects Herself Documentary movie 2009 Saturday Night Live (/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live) Episode: " Alec Baldwin (/wiki/Alec_Baldwin) / Jonas Brothers (/wiki/Jonas_Brothers) " 2015 Secrets of New York Fashion Week Documentary movie 2017–2019 Drop the Mic (/wiki/Drop_the_Mic) Herself (co-host) Musical Reality Competition TV Series 2018 2018 iHeartRadio Music Awards (/wiki/2018_iHeartRadio_Music_Awards) Special 2018 The American Meme (/wiki/The_American_Meme) Herself Documentary Film 2021 Dave (/wiki/Dave_(TV_series)) TV series, cameo 2023 A Very Demi Holiday Special Television special [94] (#cite_note-94) Music videos [ edit ] Year Title Artist Role Ref. 2011 " On My Mind (/wiki/On_My_Mind_(Cody_Simpson_song)) " Cody Simpson (/wiki/Cody_Simpson) Love interest [54] (#cite_note-autogenerated4-54) 2016 "Love to Love You Baby" Baptiste Giabiconi (/wiki/Baptiste_Giabiconi) Girl [55] (#cite_note-autogenerated3-55) 2019 " 10,000 Hours (/wiki/10,000_Hours_(song)) " Dan + Shay (/wiki/Dan_%2B_Shay) and Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) Herself [95] (#cite_note-95) 2020 " Stuck with U (/wiki/Stuck_with_U) " Ariana Grande (/wiki/Ariana_Grande) and Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) [96] (#cite_note-96) " PopStar (/wiki/Popstar_(DJ_Khaled_song)) " DJ Khaled (/wiki/DJ_Khaled) , Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) , Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) [97] (#cite_note-97) Awards and nominations [ edit ] Year Association Category Result Ref. 2016 Teen Choice Awards (/wiki/Teen_Choice_Awards) Choice Female Hottie Nominated [98] (#cite_note-autogenerated1-98) Choice Model Nominated [98] (#cite_note-autogenerated1-98) 2017 Nominated [99] (#cite_note-99) 2018 Choice TV Personality Nominated [100] (#cite_note-100) Choice Female Hottie Nominated References [ edit ] ^ a b "IMG Models - Portfolio - Hailey Baldwin" (https://web.archive.org/web/20171224134914/http://www.imgmodels.com/haileybaldwin) . IMG Models (/wiki/IMG_Models) . Archived from the original (https://imgmodels.com/haileybaldwin) on December 24, 2017 . Retrieved December 23, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Hailey Bieber - Model" (https://models.com/models/hailey-bieber) . MODELS.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190217163418/https://models.com/models/hailey-bieber) from the original on February 17, 2019 . Retrieved January 25, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Lambert, Molly (February 5, 2020). "The Secret Life of Mrs. Hailey Bieber" (https://www.elle.com/culture/celebrities/a30715484/hailey-bieber-interview-2020/) . ELLE . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210310223631/https://www.elle.com/culture/celebrities/a30715484/hailey-bieber-interview-2020/) from the original on March 10, 2021 . Retrieved March 5, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "5 Things to Know About Hailey Baldwin" (https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/8464451/who-is-hailey-baldwin-facts) . Billboard . 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Retrieved November 21, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-95) "Justin Bieber & Hailey Baldwin Star in First Music Video Together for '10,000 Hours' with Dan + Shay" (https://people.com/country/justin-bieber-hailey-baldwin-dan-shay-10000-hours-music-video/) . PEOPLE.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201025025106/https://people.com/country/justin-bieber-hailey-baldwin-dan-shay-10000-hours-music-video/) from the original on October 25, 2020 . Retrieved September 4, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-96) Sullivan, Corinne (May 8, 2020). "Justin & Hailey's "Stuck With U" Body Language Is Intimate" (https://www.elitedaily.com/p/justin-bieber-hailey-baldwins-stuck-with-u-body-language-is-intimate-22886812) . Elite Daily . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201020203312/https://www.elitedaily.com/p/justin-bieber-hailey-baldwins-stuck-with-u-body-language-is-intimate-22886812) from the original on October 20, 2020 . Retrieved September 4, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-97) "Justin Bieber Comes to the Rescue In DJ Khaled's 'Popstar' Featuring Drake: Watch" (http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/9444933/justin-bieber-dj-khaled-popstar-drake-watch) . Billboard . September 4, 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200904120128/https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/9444933/justin-bieber-dj-khaled-popstar-drake-watch) from the original on September 4, 2020 . Retrieved September 4, 2020 . ^ a b "First Wave Of 'Teen Choice 2016' Nominees Announced And #1 Voted Surfboard Revealed" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170112102210/http://www.teenchoice.com/teen-choice/article/first-wave-of-%E2%80%9Cteen-choice-2016%E2%80%9D-nominees-announced-and-1-voted-surfboard) . Archived from the original (http://www.teenchoice.com/teen-choice/article/first-wave-of-%E2%80%9Cteen-choice-2016%E2%80%9D-nominees-announced-and-1-voted-surfboard) on January 12, 2017 . Retrieved December 13, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-99) Vulpo, Mike (July 12, 2017). "Teen Choice Awards 2017 Reveal 'Second Wave' of Nominations" (http://www.eonline.com/news/866031/teen-choice-awards-2017-reveal-second-wave-of-nominations) . E! (/wiki/E!) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170712220210/http://www.eonline.com/news/866031/teen-choice-awards-2017-reveal-second-wave-of-nominations) from the original on July 12, 2017 . Retrieved July 12, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-100) "Teen Choice Awards 2018: The Complete Winners List" (https://www.etonline.com/teen-choice-awards-2018-complete-winners-list-107721) . Entertainment Tonight . August 12, 2018. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220512163635/https://www.etonline.com/teen-choice-awards-2018-complete-winners-list-107721) from the original on May 12, 2022 . Retrieved January 19, 2021 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hailey Baldwin (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hailey_Baldwin) . Hailey Bieber (https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/hailey_baldwin/) at Fashion Model Directory (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) Hailey Bieber (https://models.com/models/hailey-baldwin) on Models.com Hailey Bieber (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2440257/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) v t e Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) Awards and nominations (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Justin_Bieber) Discography (/wiki/Justin_Bieber_discography) Live performances (/wiki/List_of_Justin_Bieber_live_performances) Videography (/wiki/Justin_Bieber_videography) Studio albums My World 2.0 (/wiki/My_World_2.0) Under the Mistletoe (/wiki/Under_the_Mistletoe) Believe (/wiki/Believe_(Justin_Bieber_album)) Purpose (/wiki/Purpose_(Justin_Bieber_album)) Changes (/wiki/Changes_(Justin_Bieber_album)) Justice (/wiki/Justice_(Justin_Bieber_album)) Extended plays My World (/wiki/My_World_(Justin_Bieber_EP)) Freedom (/wiki/Freedom_(EP)) Compilation albums My Worlds: The Collection (/wiki/My_Worlds:_The_Collection) Journals (/wiki/Journals_(album)) Remix albums My Worlds Acoustic (/wiki/My_Worlds_Acoustic) Never Say Never: The Remixes (/wiki/Never_Say_Never:_The_Remixes) Believe Acoustic (/wiki/Believe_Acoustic) Tours My World Tour (/wiki/My_World_Tour) Believe Tour (/wiki/Believe_Tour) Purpose World Tour (/wiki/Purpose_World_Tour) Justice World Tour (/wiki/Justice_World_Tour) Film and television Justin Bieber: Never Say Never (/wiki/Justin_Bieber:_Never_Say_Never) Justin Bieber's Believe (/wiki/Justin_Bieber%27s_Believe) Justin Bieber: Seasons (/wiki/Justin_Bieber:_Seasons) Justin Bieber: Our World (/wiki/Justin_Bieber:_Our_World) Related articles Pattie Mallette (/wiki/Pattie_Mallette) (mother) Hailey Bieber (wife) Category (/wiki/Category:Justin_Bieber) v t e Alec Baldwin (/wiki/Alec_Baldwin) Filmography (/wiki/Alec_Baldwin_filmography) Awards and nominations (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Alec_Baldwin) Films produced The Confession (/wiki/The_Confession_(1999_film)) (1999) Shortcut to Happiness (/wiki/Shortcut_to_Happiness) (2007, also directed) Lymelife (/wiki/Lymelife) (2008) Seduced and Abandoned (/wiki/Seduced_and_Abandoned_(2013_film)) (2013) Crown Vic (/wiki/Crown_Vic_(film)) (2019) Rust (/wiki/Rust_(upcoming_film)) (TBA) Family (/wiki/Baldwin_family) Kim Basinger (/wiki/Kim_Basinger) (first wife) Ireland Baldwin (/wiki/Ireland_Baldwin) (daughter) Hilaria Thomas (/wiki/Hilaria_Baldwin) (second wife) Daniel Baldwin (/wiki/Daniel_Baldwin) (brother) William Baldwin (/wiki/William_Baldwin) (brother) Stephen Baldwin (/wiki/Stephen_Baldwin) (brother) Hailey Bieber (niece) Related articles Rust shooting incident (/wiki/Rust_shooting_incident) Jack Donaghy (/wiki/Jack_Donaghy) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐sc222 Cached time: 20240720164638 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.107 seconds Real time usage: 1.338 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 8033/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 247975/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 6841/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 18/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 451996/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.749/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 11863072/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1214.828 1 -total 45.39% 551.374 1 Template:Reflist 34.71% 421.607 102 Template:Cite_web 25.05% 304.350 1 Template:Infobox_model 7.52% 91.358 1 Template:Short_description 6.24% 75.835 1 Template:Justin_Bieber 6.07% 73.706 1 Template:Navbox_musical_artist 5.62% 68.284 2 Template:Pagetype 4.34% 52.756 1 Template:Commons_category 4.25% 51.651 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:47869290-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720164638 and revision id 1234525519. 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Polish fashion blogger This article needs to be updated . The reason given is: is this the same person as https://www.instagram.com/glamourina_official/ (https://www.instagram.com/glamourina_official/) ?. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. ( September 2022 ) Glamourina Born Natalia Grytsuk 15 May 1988 ( 1988-05-15 ) (age 36) [1] (#cite_note-omnie-1) Ukraine (/wiki/Ukraine) Nationality Polish Other names Nataliia Occupation(s) Fashion blogger (/wiki/Fashion_blogger) and stylist (/wiki/Wardrobe_stylist) Glamourina, shortened to Glam [2] (#cite_note-giglio-2) (born Natalia Grytsuk; 15 May 1988), is a Ukraine-born Polish fashion blogger (/wiki/Fashion_blog) who creates fashion outfits. [3] (#cite_note-3) She holds a master's degree in International Relations (specializing in Strategic Studies) from Warsaw University, Poland. [4] (#cite_note-4) Her blog depicts fashion creations she wears herself instead of using a hired model (/wiki/Model_(person)) . Some of her outfits are created on assignment or for sponsored events. Outside of fashion, Glamourina is the primary author of a course on the Ukrainian language for Polish speakers. [5] (#cite_note-5) Her areas of interest are eco-friendly fashion, natural lifestyle, yoga, singing, psychology, and personal development. [6] (#cite_note-6) Blog history [ edit ] Glamourina started blogging in early 2011. [1] (#cite_note-omnie-1) Her blog soon became popular [7] (#cite_note-7) and attracted the attention of sponsors. She initially worked mainly with Polish online clothing stores which wanted to publicize their brands to her readers. After a few months she started to be invited at many events by Polish and international brands. [8] (#cite_note-8) Fashion [ edit ] In July 2011, the Australian jewelry company, Diva, invited a few Polish bloggers to a professional street fashion photo session, where Glamourina and other fashion bloggers had to create a look using Diva jewelry. [9] (#cite_note-sophistidiva-9) [10] (#cite_note-kobietamag-10) [11] (#cite_note-lamode-11) In September 2011, Gatta invited some fashion bloggers to an event where they had to create a look with clothes wearing the Gatta label collection Joannahorodyńskagatta designed by Joanna Horodyńska (/wiki/Joanna_Horody%C5%84ska) . [12] (#cite_note-udziewczyn-12) In October 2011, Glamourina took part in the Warsaw Fashion Weekend, an event sponsored by BlackBerry (/wiki/BlackBerry) , [13] (#cite_note-portamoda-13) Play (/wiki/Play_Mobile) , and presented by renowned stylist, Jola Czaja. [14] (#cite_note-beb-14) This time, instead of having the bloggers wear the clothes themselves, they were presented by models in a catwalk (/wiki/Runway_(fashion)) . Aside from taking part in such events, Glamourina works with other brands — Atlantic among the others, [15] (#cite_note-15) creating looks with their clothes or accessories and showing them on her blog. [13] (#cite_note-portamoda-13) [16] (#cite_note-onyx-16) See also [ edit ] Karla Deras (/wiki/Karla_Deras) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "Glamourina - about me" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120903201400/http://glamourina.pl/o-mnie/) . Archived from the original (http://glamourina.pl/o-mnie/) on 2012-09-03 . Retrieved 2011-11-23 . ^ (#cite_ref-giglio_2-0) "Meet the fashion blogger - Glamourina" (http://www.giglio.com/eng/mystyle/meet-the-fashion-bloggers-glamourina.html) . www.giglio.com. I am Ukrainian living and working in Warsaw [...] now the people also call me Glam ^ (#cite_ref-3) Kosakowska, Marta. "Glamourina - modnie i niebanalnie" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120822015751/http://www.we-dwoje.pl/glamourina;-;modnie;i;niebanalnie,artykul,25495.html) [Glamourina - trendy and original] (in Polish). www.we-dwoje.pl. Archived from the original (http://www.we-dwoje.pl/glamourina;-;modnie;i;niebanalnie,artykul,25495.html) on 2012-08-22. asks Natalia Grytsuk, the author of the blog Glamourina ^ (#cite_ref-4) "O Glamourinie" (https://glamourina.net/en/about-me/) . glamourina.net . 2011-04-16 . Retrieved 2023-08-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Grytsuk, Nataliia (2009), Soboczyńska, Karolina (ed.), Ukraiński Kurs Podstawowy , Edgard, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-83-61828-02-0 ^ (#cite_ref-6) "O Glamourinie" (https://glamourina.net/en/about-me/) . glamourina.net . 2011-04-16 . Retrieved 2023-08-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Gałczyńska, Agnieszka. "Jesienne stylizacje polskich blogerek" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120822012052/http://www.miastokobiet.pl/trendy-blogerki/) [Fall outfit Polish bloggers] (in Polish). Miasto Kobiet (/wiki/Miasto_Kobiet) . Archived from the original (http://www.miastokobiet.pl/trendy-blogerki/) on 2012-08-22. The most popular bloggers from Poland created fall outfits ^ (#cite_ref-8) Johar, Huzefa. "Write a Blog and Fast-Forward your Career in Fashion" (https://archive.today/20130412025612/http://www.unique-womens-clothing.com/write-a-blog-and-fast-forward-your-career-in-fashion) . De Fanci . Archived from the original (http://www.unique-womens-clothing.com/write-a-blog-and-fast-forward-your-career-in-fashion) on 2013-04-12. ^ (#cite_ref-sophistidiva_9-0) "Biżuteria na letnie festiwale" (https://web.archive.org/web/20111109061304/http://www.sophisti.pl/artykuly/artykuly/bizuteria-na-letnie-festiwale.html) [Jewelry in summer festivals] (in Polish). sophisti.pl. 2011-07-24. Archived from the original (http://www.sophisti.pl/artykuly/artykuly/bizuteria-na-letnie-festiwale.html) on 2011-11-09 . Retrieved 2011-11-08 . The most popular fashion bloggers presented some example outfits with Diva jewelry ^ (#cite_ref-kobietamag_10-0) "Letnie festiwale z diva i modowymi blogerkami" (http://kobietamag.pl/artykul/letnie-festiwale-z-diva-i-modowymi-blogerkami/) [Summer festivals with diva and fashion bloggers] (in Polish). Kobietamag.pl. 2011-07-26 . Retrieved 2011-11-08 . Street Photo with the brand Diva is an initiative, to which the most popular fashion bloggers have been invited. ^ (#cite_ref-lamode_11-0) "POLSKIE BLOGGERKI WSPÓLPRACUJA Z MARKA DIVA I PREZENTUJA SWOJE FESTIWALOWE STYLIZACJE" (http://lamode.info/newsy-90/articles/polskie_bloggerki_wspolpracuja_z_marka_diva_i_prezentuja_swoje_festiwalowe_stylizacje.html?page6557=2) [Polish bloggers co-work with the diva brand and present their festival outfits] (in Polish). lamode.info. 2011-07-21. Also Natalia Grytsuk, known to the public as Glamourina, thinks that... ^ (#cite_ref-udziewczyn_12-0) "Popularne polskie blogerki w ubraniach Gatta - Portal" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120917012027/http://udziewczyn.pl/20,9538,Artykul,Popularne_polskie_blogerki_w_ubraniach_Gatta.aspx) [Popular Polish bloggers in Gatta clothes] (in Polish). Udziewczyn.pl. 2011-09-14. Archived from the original (http://udziewczyn.pl/20,9538,Artykul,Popularne_polskie_blogerki_w_ubraniach_Gatta.aspx) on 2012-09-17 . Retrieved 2011-11-08 . The Gatta brand invited known Polish bloggers to take part in "Fall looks with Gatta". ^ Jump up to: a b "Warsaw Fashion Weekend za nami" (https://web.archive.org/web/20111211141939/http://www.portamoda.pl/index.php/wydarzenia/1867-warsaw-fashion-weekend-za-nami.html) [The Warsaw Fashion Weekend ended] (in Polish). Portamoda.pl. 2011-10-22. Archived from the original (http://www.portamoda.pl/index.php/wydarzenia/1867-warsaw-fashion-weekend-za-nami.html) on 2011-12-11 . Retrieved 2011-11-08 . Fashion show organized by BlackBerry. ^ (#cite_ref-beb_14-0) "Pokazy mody" (https://web.archive.org/web/20111211153941/http://www.bilioneurobab.pl/d339%2CPokazy_mody.html) (in Polish). Bilioneurobab.pl. Archived from the original (http://www.bilioneurobab.pl/d339,Pokazy_mody.html) on 2011-12-11 . Retrieved 2011-11-08 . The BlackBerry show, inspired by the fashion bloggers' creations and presented by renowned stylist, Jola Czaja, also met a great applause. ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Atlantic" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120103230507/http://www.atlantic.pl/Aktualnosci/108_spotkanie-dla-blogerek-atlantic-magic-push-up.html) . Archived from the original (https://atlantic.pl/) on 2012-01-03 . Retrieved 2011-12-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-onyx_16-0) Nawrocki, Radosław. "Powiększenie :: nara_221011_06.jpg" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120425143908/http://www.forumgwiazd.com.pl/oferty/9325v78y/powiekszenie?z=nara_221011_06.jpg) [maximized] (in Polish). Forum Gwiazd. Archived from the original (http://www.forumgwiazd.com.pl/oferty/9325v78y/powiekszenie?z=nara_221011_06.jpg) on 2012-04-25 . Retrieved 2011-11-08 . Most popular fashion bloggers' fashion show. 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This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Thornback_%26_Peel) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Thornback_%26_Peel) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article has an unclear citation style (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Citation_style) . The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of citation (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) and footnoting (/wiki/Help:Footnotes) . ( September 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) A major contributor to this article appears to have a close connection (/wiki/Wikipedia:Conflict_of_interest) with its subject. It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia's content policies, particularly neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) . Please discuss further on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Thornback_%26_Peel) . ( September 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article includes a list of general references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) , but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations) . Please help to improve (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability) this article by introducing (/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite) more precise citations. ( September 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Thornback & Peel is an independent British (/wiki/Great_Britain) Designer Brand (/wiki/Brand) , based in central London (/wiki/London) . Thornback & Peel is owned by Juliet Thornback and Delia Peel [1] (#cite_note-1) and was established in 2007. The brand now retails through their own Bloomsbury (/wiki/Bloomsbury) shop and their web store. They supply to John Lewis (/wiki/John_Lewis_(department_store)) , Fortnum & Mason (/wiki/Fortnum_%26_Mason) , Harrods (/wiki/Harrods) , Le Bon Marche (/wiki/Le_Bon_Marche) as well as other independent UK and international stockists. Collaborations include The Conran Shop, Brompton Bicycle (/wiki/Brompton_Bicycle) , GOOP and sofa.com (/wiki/Sofa.com) . History [ edit ] Juliet Thornback and Delia Peel met in 2003. While continuing with their day jobs as florist (/wiki/Florist) and set designer (/wiki/Set_designer) respectively, they began their first collaboration, a small collection of hand printed clutch bags. They later set up a studio space at the Holborn (/wiki/Holborn) based Cockpit Arts, a hub of designer-markers. In 2007 they established Thornback & Peel to create screen-printed (/wiki/Screen-printed) home ware. [1] (http://www.lifestyleetc.co.uk/2010/11/05/meet-screenprinters-thornback-peel/) Collections [ edit ] Thornback and Peel produce two new collections a year, to accompany their core ranges, including their "Rabbit & Cabbage" motif. Collaborations [ edit ] Thornback & Peel have worked on a number of collaborative projects with a range of interiors and fashion brands, including: Handkerchief boxes for Brompton Bicycle (/wiki/Brompton_Bicycle) A range of kitchenware for SMUG, a lifestyle store in Islington, London Two collections of Handkerchief Boxes for Oliver Sweeney Hand printed linen for shoe makers, Carreducker A bespoke collection of tea towels for GOOP A range of printed fabric for furniture with Sofa.com (/wiki/Sofa.com) A range of kitchenware for WholeFoods Market (/wiki/WholeFoods_Market) Two collections of kitchenware for The Conran Shop A collection of tea towels, bags and handkerchief to celebrate the Festival of Britain for the South Bank Centre (/wiki/South_Bank_Centre) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Leedham, Rachel (7 June 2013). "Homes: poetic licence" (https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2013/jun/07/interiors-john-betjamin-house-renovation) . the Guardian . Retrieved 2015-09-28 . About Us (http://www.thornbackandpeel.co.uk/content/6-about-us) Poetic Licence (https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2013/jun/07/interiors-john-betjamin-house-renovation) The World According to Screenprinters Thornback & Peel (http://www.lifestyleetc.co.uk/2010/11/05/meet-screenprinters-thornback-peel/) I heart Work (http://www.thelifestyleeditor.com/post/23920833887/i-heart-work-delia-peel-one-half-of-design-duo) Thornback & Peel, London (http://www.we-heart.com/2013/04/11/thornback-peel-london/) Hot Off The Press (http://www.homeshoppingspy.com/2015/03/31/hot-off-the-press-new-screen-print-from-thornback-peel/) Design Lab 2012 (http://www.sofa.com/design-lab/design-lab-thornback-and-peel/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐68584dd78‐ntmr8 Cached time: 20240701141344 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.200 seconds Real time usage: 0.314 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 512/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 38740/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 9976/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 19/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 12247/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.130/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3015988/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 284.734 1 -total 77.30% 220.103 4 Template:Ambox 63.50% 180.803 1 Template:Multiple_issues 35.59% 101.351 1 Template:Reflist 31.27% 89.037 1 Template:Cite_web 18.73% 53.321 1 Template:Citation_style 4.95% 14.108 1 Template:More_footnotes 1.68% 4.781 1 Template:COI 1.09% 3.110 2 Template:Yesno-no 0.70% 1.981 3 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:47929176-0!canonical and timestamp 20240701141344 and revision id 1207107367. 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American clothing company For other uses, see True Religion (disambiguation) (/wiki/True_Religion_(disambiguation)) . True Religion Company type Private Industry Designer jeans (/wiki/Designer_clothing) , clothing Founded 2002 Founders Kym Gold (/wiki/Kym_Gold) Jeff Lubell Headquarters Gardena, California (/wiki/Gardena,_California) , U.S. (/wiki/United_States) Area served Worldwide Key people Michael Buckley CEO Website www (http://www.truereligion.com) .truereligion (http://www.truereligion.com) .com (http://www.truereligion.com) True Religion Brand Jeans is an American clothing company established in 2002 by Jeff Lubell and Kym Gold (/wiki/Kym_Gold) and is based in Vernon, California (/wiki/Vernon,_California) . Overview [ edit ] True Religion brand designer jeans (/wiki/Designer_clothing) are manufactured from premium denim (/wiki/Denim) . They also make designer clothing, some of which is made in the United States (/wiki/Made_in_USA) . In 2009, True Religion was sold in about 900 boutiques and specialty stores in 50 countries on six continents. [1] (#cite_note-1) In May 2021, the company owned 50 retail stores in 30 countries. [2] (#cite_note-2) History [ edit ] Unusually, the brand began with the 2002 production of about 14,000 pairs of jeans, being, the co-founder Lubell has remarked, contrary to the typical business model, in which "you make a sample line, go to market, get orders, and ship your production." [3] (#cite_note-CNN-3) The company adopted a business model in which everything was outsourced (/wiki/Outsourcing) , depending on contractors "to do everything." [3] (#cite_note-CNN-3) Its flagship store (/wiki/Flagship_store) opened in 2005, in Manhattan Beach, California (/wiki/Manhattan_Beach,_California) . True Religion products are also sold at major department stores (/wiki/Department_store) , including Von Maur (/wiki/Von_Maur) , Nordstrom (/wiki/Nordstrom) , Bloomingdales (/wiki/Bloomingdales) , Saks Fifth Avenue (/wiki/Saks_Fifth_Avenue) . [4] (#cite_note-4) In November 2019, the company's former president [5] (#cite_note-WWD-5) Michael Buckley was appointed CEO, returning to aid in recovery from bankruptcy. [6] (#cite_note-Vogue-6) Subsequently, Buckley re-hired designer Zihaad Wells as creative director, who had, in late 2006, resigned from Levi's (/wiki/Levi%27s) in Europe to join True Religion, [5] (#cite_note-WWD-5) also at Buckley's request. [6] (#cite_note-Vogue-6) Following two bankruptcy filings, in 2017 and 2020, the brand closed some stores (/wiki/Retail_apocalypse) . [7] (#cite_note-:0-7) The company appeared to rebound in 2021, with sales topping $235 million. [5] (#cite_note-WWD-5) [6] (#cite_note-Vogue-6) 2013 acquisition by Towerbrook [ edit ] True Religion was purchased by TowerBrook Capital Partners (/wiki/TowerBrook_Capital_Partners) on May 10, 2013. The acquisition provided shareholders a 52% premium to True Religion's share price on October 9, 2012. [8] (#cite_note-8) The stock had fallen 40% in 2012 up to October 9, 2012, due to a poor pre-Christmas sales in 2011, and concern that a shrinking number of shoppers were willing to purchase True Religion's high-priced jeans. [9] (#cite_note-forbes-9) Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) also noted that, over the prior three years, True Religion shares had gained just 11.6% while shares in comparable luxury-goods companies VF Corporation (/wiki/VF_Corporation) , Ralph Lauren Corporation (/wiki/Ralph_Lauren_Corporation) , and PVH Corp. (/wiki/PVH_Corp.) had each more than doubled in value. [9] (#cite_note-forbes-9) Prior to the purchase, True Religion traded on NASDAQ (/wiki/NASDAQ) under the symbol TRLG. [10] (#cite_note-10) Bankruptcies [ edit ] True Religion filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection (/wiki/Chapter_11,_Title_11,_United_States_Code) on July 5, 2017, acknowledging that it had $534.7 million in liabilities and only $243.3 million in assets. [7] (#cite_note-:0-7) It then announced the closure of 27 stores in the United States. [11] (#cite_note-11) In April 2020, the design company again filed for bankruptcy, [12] (#cite_note-12) closing 37 locations, resulting in a total of 49 stores remaining. The second bankruptcy was completed in November 2020, [5] (#cite_note-WWD-5) and the company was considered to have rebounded the following year. [5] (#cite_note-WWD-5) [6] (#cite_note-Vogue-6) See also [ edit ] Retail apocalypse (/wiki/Retail_apocalypse) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "True Religion Apparel, Inc" (https://web.archive.org/web/20090226234141/https://www.annualreports.com/Company/4998) . AnnualReports.com . Archived from the original (https://www.annualreports.com/Company/4998) on 2009-02-26. ^ (#cite_ref-2) Edelson, Sharon (2021-05-06). "True Religion CEO Michael Buckley Talks Turnaround And International Growth" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/sharonedelson/2021/05/06/true-religion-ceo-michael-buckley-talks-turnaround-and-international-growth/?sh=7404bfbd57f0) . Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) . Retrieved 16 August 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b Abkowitz, Alyssa (2009-11-16). "How True Religion jeans got started" (https://money.cnn.com/2009/11/16/news/companies/true_religion_jeans.fortune/index.htm) . Fortune (/wiki/Fortune_(magazine)) . CNN . Retrieved 16 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Store Locator" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140703213707/http://www.truereligion.com/store/storelocator.aspx) . Archived from the original (http://www.truereligion.com/store/storelocator.aspx) on July 3, 2014 . Retrieved June 19, 2013 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Moin, David (2021-10-04). "Behind a Rebound, True Religion Aims to Double Revenues" (https://wwd.com/business-news/markets/true-religion-michael-buckley-1234962798/) . WWD.com . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved 16 August 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d BENISSAN, Ezreen (2021-12-13). "How Juicy Couture and True Religion made a comeback" (https://www.voguebusiness.com/fashion/how-juicy-couture-and-true-religion-made-a-comeback) . Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) . Retrieved 16 August 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b Wattles, Jackie (July 5, 2017). "True Religion files for bankruptcy" (https://money.cnn.com/2017/07/05/news/companies/true-religion-bankruptcy/index.html) . money.cnn.com . Retrieved July 17, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "PE Purchase" (http://www.pehub.com/2013/05/towerbrook-capital-buy-true-religion-835-mln-deal/) . 10 May 2013 . Retrieved January 8, 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b "When A Bullish Bet On True Religion Paid Off With A 24% Return" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/abrambrown/2013/05/10/when-a-bullish-bet-on-true-religion-paid-off-with-a-24-return/) . Forbes . 10 May 2013 . Retrieved 10 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "TRUE RELIGION APPAREL INC (TRLG) SPO" (http://www.nasdaq.com/markets/spos/company/true-religion-apparel-inc-92222-37816) . NASDAQ.com . Retrieved 2018-12-29 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Bomey, Nathan; Tulp, Sophia; Ell, Kellie (July 5, 2017). "True Religion to close 27 stores after bankruptcy filing: See the list" (https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2017/07/05/true-religion-store-closures/453494001/) . USA Today . Retrieved July 17, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "True Religion Files for Bankruptcy Again as Denim's Allure Fades" (https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-13/true-religion-files-for-bankruptcy-again-as-denim-s-allure-fades) . Bloomberg. April 13, 2020. External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.truereligion.com) True Religion Apparel, Inc. financials (https://www.google.com/finance/quote/TRLG:LON?fstype=ii) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐f42fm Cached time: 20240715005049 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.489 seconds Real time usage: 0.734 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1780/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 27846/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1431/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 47511/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.316/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6082517/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 690.098 1 -total 35.01% 241.580 1 Template:Reflist 28.67% 197.835 1 Template:Short_description 28.14% 194.193 1 Template:Infobox_company 25.41% 175.324 1 Template:Infobox 24.28% 167.529 7 Template:Cite_web 17.41% 120.140 8 Template:Main_other 16.72% 115.352 1 Template:SDcat 8.79% 60.660 2 Template:Pagetype 6.05% 41.781 5 Template:Cite_news Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:35552835-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715005049 and revision id 1228233561. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=True_Religion&oldid=1228233561 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=True_Religion&oldid=1228233561) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Jeans by brand (/wiki/Category:Jeans_by_brand) Clothing brands of the United States (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_of_the_United_States) 2000s fashion (/wiki/Category:2000s_fashion) 2010s fashion (/wiki/Category:2010s_fashion) Companies based in Los Angeles County, California (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Los_Angeles_County,_California) American companies established in 2002 (/wiki/Category:American_companies_established_in_2002) Clothing companies established in 2002 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_2002) 2002 establishments in California (/wiki/Category:2002_establishments_in_California) Manhattan Beach, California (/wiki/Category:Manhattan_Beach,_California) Companies based in Vernon, California (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Vernon,_California) 2013 mergers and acquisitions (/wiki/Category:2013_mergers_and_acquisitions) Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2017 (/wiki/Category:Companies_that_filed_for_Chapter_11_bankruptcy_in_2017) Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2020 (/wiki/Category:Companies_that_filed_for_Chapter_11_bankruptcy_in_2020) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) |
Perfume marketed by Creed Aventus Fragrance (/wiki/Perfume) by Olivier Creed Released September 2010 Label Creed (/wiki/Creed_(perfume)) Tagline (/wiki/Tagline) Bold, Spirited, Confident Website Aventus Collection (http://www.creedfragrance.com/fragrances/aventus-collection.list) Overview [ edit ] Aventus eau de parfum (/wiki/Eau_de_Parfum) is a fruity- chypre (/wiki/Chypre) fragrance produced the French niche house, Creed (/wiki/Creed_(perfume)) . The fragrance was released in September 2010 as part of their 250th anniversary celebration. [1] (#cite_note-1) Olivier Creed, the sixth-generation perfumer for Creed, [2] (#cite_note-2) claims that his inspiration for Aventus was the French military and political leader, Napoleon Bonaparte (/wiki/Napoleon_Bonaparte) . As a result, many of the scents found within the fragrance have a link to Napoleon. For example, Blackcurrantsfrom Corsica (where Napoleon was born), and Birch from Louisiana (which Napoleon ruled over for 4 years), are used. [3] (#cite_note-3) As of May 2024, a 100ml bottle of Aventus is sold for $495 and a 50ml bottle is sold for $365. Scent [ edit ] Aventus is an example of a fruity- chypre (/wiki/Chypre) fragrance, [4] (#cite_note-4) featuring mainly citrus top notes and animalic base notes, like as oakmoss (/wiki/Oakmoss) and musk (/wiki/Musk) . Olivier Creed has stated that, unlike the majority of perfume houses, the Creed brand focuses more on the base notes, rather than the top ones. [5] (#cite_note-5) The reason for this, they claim, is that focusing on the base notes means to fully appreciate the fragrance the wearer must take their time in order to fully understand it. The full note pyramid is as follows: Creed Aventus Note Pyramid [6] (#cite_note-6) Top Apple Blackcurrant Pineapple Bergamot Middle Juniper Berries Birch Patchouli Jasmine Base Vanilla Musk Oakmoss Ambergris Creed Aventus for Her Note Pyramid [7] (#cite_note-7) Top Green Apple Violet Leaf Pink Pepper Calabrian Bergamot Middle Rose Styrax Mysore Sandalwood Base Peach Cassis Amber Ylang Ylang Flankers [ edit ] The original, Creed Aventus, was released in 2010. In the years since, several "flankers" (variants of the original scent), have been added to the Aventus product line. 2016: Aventus For Her - A feminine version of the scent, with prominent notes of musk, green apple, bergamot, and blackcurrant. 2018: Aventus Cologne - A new masculine version with an emphasis on freshness, with prominent notes of mandarin orange, birch, ginger, and vetiver. 2023: Absolu Aventus - The latest version, a limited edition release, aimed at wearability during cooler weather with heavier notes like cinnamon, patchouli, and pink pepper. [8] (#cite_note-8) Criticism [ edit ] Aventus has faced criticism for inconsistencies in both scent and longevity between batches, with some alleging particular batches to smell fruitier and others smokier. While these inconsistencies have not been concretely proven or addressed by the company, the number of online reviews suggest that there is some variation between batches. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) Additional critism has been drawn in regards to the performance and longevity of modern Aventus batches compared to those prior to 2020. This is believed to stem from IFRA's ban on the aroma chemical Lyral (/wiki/Hydroxymethylpentylcyclohexenecarboxaldehyde) , a lily of the valley (/wiki/Lily_of_the_valley) raw material to which many fragrances attributed some of their high performing and long lasting quality. [12] (#cite_note-12) Reviews [ edit ] Creed Aventus ratings Basenotes (/wiki/Basenotes) [13] (#cite_note-13) Fragrantica [14] (#cite_note-14) John Lewis (/wiki/John_Lewis_(department_store)) [15] (#cite_note-15) Liberty (/wiki/Liberty_(department_store)) [16] (#cite_note-16) Nordstrom (/wiki/Nordstrom) [17] (#cite_note-17) Aventus garnered critical acclaim from fashion critics and the general public alike and has a rating of 4.5 out of 5 stars on the fragrance website Basenotes (/wiki/Basenotes) based on an average of 1312 votes. In terms of awards, Aventus won the Best Ever Men's Fragrance award in 2013 from Basenotes, [18] (#cite_note-18) as well as Best Niche Fragrance at the Shortlist (/wiki/ShortList) Grooming awards, [19] (#cite_note-19) in addition to the Best New Male Fragrance in Limited Distribution prize at the 2011 COPRA (Cosmetic & Perfumery Retailers Association) Awards. [20] (#cite_note-20) 2021, the Fragrance Foundation Austria awarded the prestigious perfume prize DUFTSTARS at a festive gala in the Museumsquartier in Vienna. [21] (#cite_note-21) Such was the success of Aventus, that Creed bill it as their most popular fragrance in their 250-year history, [22] (#cite_note-22) whilst Erwin Creed would go on to say in an interview that without Aventus, Creed wouldn't have opened their boutique in Madison Avenue (/wiki/Madison_Avenue) , New York City. [23] (#cite_note-23) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Creed Aventus - Gentleman's Gazette" (https://www.gentlemansgazette.com/creed-aventus/) . Gentleman's Gazette . 7 February 2011 . Retrieved 24 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "AN INSIDE LOOK AT VIKING FROM THE MASTER" (https://www.creedboutique.com/blog/creed-connoisseurs/vikingfromthemaster) . Creed Boutique . Retrieved 14 April 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "New Perfume inspired by Napoleon Bonaparte" (http://www.napoleon.org/en/magazine/press-review/new-perfurme-inspired-by-napoleon-bonaparte/) . Retrieved 24 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Aventus - Creed" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160614212836/http://www.creed.eu/fr/product/aventus) (in French). Archived from the original (http://www.creed.eu/fr/product/aventus) on 14 June 2016 . Retrieved 24 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Creed's family secrets - Telegraph" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151029070302/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/luxury/womens-style/88828/creed%E2%80%99s-family-secrets.html) . Archived from the original (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/luxury/womens-style/88828/creed%E2%80%99s-family-secrets.html) on 29 October 2015 . Retrieved 24 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Aventus - Creed Fragrances" (https://www.creedfragrances.co.uk/products/for-him/aventus) . Retrieved 24 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Aventus for Her - Creed Fragrances" (https://www.creedfragrances.co.uk/products/for-her/aventus-for-her) . Retrieved 25 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "EXCLUSIVE: Creed's Richest Fragrance Just Got Richer" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/creed-absolu-aventus/) . Highsnobiety . 30 October 2023 . Retrieved 24 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Aventus: What are the best batches/versions/years of Creed Aventus? (Page 1) — Perfume Selection Tips for Men — Fragrantica Club" (https://www.fragrantica.com/board/viewtopic.php?id=187459&show=all) . Retrieved 12 January 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Aventus batch issues would be over in 2016! :)" (http://www.basenotes.net/threads/416262-Aventus-batch-issues-would-be-over-in-2016!-)) . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Aventus Creed longativity is poor? (Page 1) — Perfume Selection Tips for Men — Fragrantica Club" (https://www.fragrantica.com/board/viewtopic.php?id=169649) . Retrieved 12 January 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Lyral banning" (https://basenotes.com/community/threads/lyral-banning.527910/) . Basenotes Forum . 27 June 2022 . Retrieved 24 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Aventus by Creed 2010" (http://www.basenotes.net/ID26131702.html) . Retrieved 25 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Aventus Creed Cologne" (http://www.fragrantica.com/perfume/Creed/Aventus-9828.html) . Retrieved 25 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Aventus Creed Cologne" (https://www.johnlewis.com/creed-aventus-eau-de-parfum-75ml/p231333231?sku=231333231&kpid=231333231&s_kenid=e25b8e8a-4f87-41ed-94c4-05ed9ffd4480&s_kwcid=403x487473&tmad=c&tmcampid=73) . Retrieved 25 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Creed Aventus Fragrance 125ml - Liberty" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160918204651/http://www.liberty.co.uk/fcp/product/Liberty//Aventus-Eau-de-Parfum-120ml/56445?gclid=CKeMk7mdw80CFcZAGwodvasFZw) . Archived from the original (https://www.liberty.co.uk/fcp/product/Liberty//Aventus-Eau-de-Parfum-120ml/56445?gclid=CKeMk7mdw80CFcZAGwodvasFZw) on 18 September 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Creed Aventus Fragrance - Nordstrom" (http://shop.nordstrom.com/s/creed-aventus-fragrance/3658281) . Retrieved 25 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Basenotes Reader Awards 2013 - WINNERS" (http://www.basenotes.net/perfumenews/1706-basenotes-reader-awards-2013-winners) . 21 May 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Grooming Awards: The Winners" (http://www.shortlist.com/style/grooming-awards-the-winners) . 8 February 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Copra Awards & Winners" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160627235116/http://www.copra.org/copraawardsandwinners/) . Archived from the original (http://www.copra.org/copraawardsandwinners/) on 27 June 2016 . Retrieved 25 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Creed Aventus the best male fragrance ever on not" (https://parfumexquis.com/blogs/perfumelicios/classic-nobile-fragrances-for-men) . parfumexquis . Retrieved 12 January 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Aventus - Creed Fragrances" (https://www.creedfragrances.co.uk/products/for-him/aventus) . Retrieved 25 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Erwin Creed talks to Basenotes about regulations, Aventus and more" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJ9W5QURIv8) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . Retrieved 25 June 2016 . External links [ edit ] Aventus (http://www.basenotes.net/ID26131702.html) at Basenotes (/wiki/Basenotes) Aventus (http://www.fragrantica.com/perfume/Creed/Aventus-9828.html) at Fragrantica NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐cpkbx Cached time: 20240715004851 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.318 seconds Real time usage: 0.398 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1848/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 39908/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1373/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 81574/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.185/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5388846/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 357.426 1 -total 52.01% 185.915 1 Template:Reflist 23.04% 82.341 1 Template:Cite_news 22.09% 78.963 22 Template:Cite_web 21.93% 78.379 1 Template:Short_description 13.11% 46.869 1 Template:Infobox_fragrance 12.53% 44.779 1 Template:Infobox 11.85% 42.338 2 Template:Pagetype 5.90% 21.103 5 Template:Main_other 5.34% 19.088 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:50924264-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715004851 and revision id 1225389629. 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Inuit tattoos An Inuit woman in 1945 with traditional face tattoos Kakiniit ( Inuktitut (/wiki/Inuktitut_language) : ᑲᑭᓐᓃᑦ [kɐ.ki.niːt] (/wiki/Help:IPA/Inuktitut) ; sing. kakiniq , ᑲᑭᓐᓂᖅ ) are the traditional tattoos (/wiki/Tattoo) of the Inuit (/wiki/Inuit) of the North American Arctic. The practice is done almost exclusively among women, with women exclusively tattooing other women with the tattoos for various purposes. Men could also receive tattoos but these were often much less extensive than the tattoos a woman would receive. Facial tattoos are individually referred to as tunniit ( ᑐᓃᑦ ), and would mark an individual's transition to womanhood. The individual tattoos bear unique meaning to Inuit women (/wiki/Inuit_women) , with each individual tattoo carrying symbolic meaning. However, in Inuinnaqtun (/wiki/Inuinnaqtun) , kakiniq refers to facial tattoos. [1] (#cite_note-1) Historically, the practice was done for aesthetic, medicinal purposes, part of the Inuit religion (/wiki/Inuit_religion) , and to ensure the individual access to the afterlife. Despite persecution by Christian missionaries during the 20th century, the practice has seen a modern revival by organizations such as the Inuit Tattoo Revitalization Project. Many Inuit women wear the tattoos as a source of pride in their Inuit culture (/wiki/Inuit_culture) . Etymology [ edit ] An Inuit woman from Bernard Harbour (/wiki/Bernard_Harbour) showing her hand tattoo Kakiniq (singular) or kakiniit (plural) [2] (#cite_note-arnaquq-2) is an Inuktitut (/wiki/Inuktitut) term which refers to Inuit tattoos, [3] (#cite_note-ccox-3) while the term tunniit specifically refers to women's facial tattoos. [2] (#cite_note-arnaquq-2) [4] (#cite_note-geoghegan-4) The terms are rendered in Inuktitut syllabics (/wiki/Inuktitut_syllabics) as ᑲᑭᓐᓃᑦ ( Kakinniit ), ᑲᑭᓐᓂᖅ ( Kakinniq ), and ᑐᓃᑦ ( Tuniit ). [2] (#cite_note-arnaquq-2) The Proto-Inuit-Yupik (/wiki/Proto-Eskimo%E2%80%93Aleut_language) root *kaki- means 'pierce or prick'; this is etymon for the Iñupiaq (/wiki/I%C3%B1upiaq_language) (North Alaskan Inuit) kakinʸɨq* 'tattoo', Eastern Canadian Inuktitut kakiniq 'tattoo', West Greenlandic (/wiki/West_Greenlandic) kakiuʀniʀit 'tattoos', and Tunumiit (/wiki/Tunumiit_dialect) (East Greenlandic) ' kaɣiniq 'tattoo'. The root kaki- also means tattoo in Inuvialuktun (/wiki/Inuvialuktun) (Western Canadian Inuktitut). [5] (#cite_note-5) The Proto-Inuit word *tupə(nəq) 'tattoo' is the etymology of Eastern Canadian Inuktitut tunniq 'woman's facial tattoo'. This might go back to Proto-Inuit-Yupik-Unangan *cumi-n 'ornamental dots'. [6] (#cite_note-6) Description [ edit ] Alethea Arnaquq-Baril (/wiki/Alethea_Arnaquq-Baril) researched Inuit tattoos for her film Tunniit: Retracing the Lines of Inuit Tattoos . Arnaquq-Baril wears traditional facial tattoos. [7] (#cite_note-cbcr-7) Kakiniit are tattoos done on the body, and tunniit (/wiki/Tuniit) are tattoos done on the face, they served a variety of symbolic purposes. [2] (#cite_note-arnaquq-2) [3] (#cite_note-ccox-3) [8] (#cite_note-8) Commonly, the tattooed portions would consist of the arms, hands, breasts, and thighs. In some extreme cases, some women would tattoo their entire bodies. [2] (#cite_note-arnaquq-2) According to filmmaker Alethea Arnaquq-Baril (/wiki/Alethea_Arnaquq-Baril) , the stomach area was scarcely tattooed, with her remarking that she had never heard of the practice being done in that area of the body. [2] (#cite_note-arnaquq-2) The markings are done on women and the practice of tattooing was done by women. [9] (#cite_note-gaul-9) [10] (#cite_note-taylor-10) Men would not receive the same tattoos as women; the tattoos men would receive would be much less extensive than female tattoos, and served the purpose as an amulet. [2] (#cite_note-arnaquq-2) However, there were reports of men who were raised female and received tunniit who later were wed as second wives. [2] (#cite_note-arnaquq-2) The patterns would consist of dots, zig-zags, shapes, and lines. [2] (#cite_note-arnaquq-2) The practice of facial tattooing is considered a part of coming into womanhood for Inuit women. [11] (#cite_note-jtaylor-11) [2] (#cite_note-arnaquq-2) Women were unable to marry until their faces were tattooed, and the tattoos meant that they had learned essential skills for later in life. [9] (#cite_note-gaul-9) Designs would vary depending on the region. [2] (#cite_note-arnaquq-2) [12] (#cite_note-campbell-12) Each individual pattern has symbolic meaning to its wearer, and served a variety of purposes. [2] (#cite_note-arnaquq-2) Some are often given to commemorate a significant life event. [10] (#cite_note-taylor-10) [11] (#cite_note-jtaylor-11) Y-shaped markings represent essential tools used during the seal hunt, V-shaped markings on the forehead represent entering womanhood, [13] (#cite_note-Angulalik-13) stripes on the chin represent a woman's first period, chest tattoos are given after childbirth and symbolize motherhood, [13] (#cite_note-Angulalik-13) and markings on the arms and fingers reference to the legend of Sedna (/wiki/Sedna_(mythology)) . [14] (#cite_note-allford-14) Due to persecution of the practice during the 20th century, and the subsequent loss of the meaning that some of the tattoos had embodied, modern wearers often invent new meanings for the tattoos as they reclaim the practice. [14] (#cite_note-allford-14) [13] (#cite_note-Angulalik-13) Process [ edit ] Tattooists were usually older women who had experience in embroidery. [9] (#cite_note-gaul-9) Traditionally, the practice was done through sinew from caribou that was spun into a thread and was soaked in a combination of qulliq (/wiki/Qulliq) lampblack (/wiki/Lampblack) [9] (#cite_note-gaul-9) and seal suet (/wiki/Suet) . [14] (#cite_note-allford-14) The thread would then be poked under the skin through the use of a needle made of bone, wood, or steel. [9] (#cite_note-gaul-9) [10] (#cite_note-taylor-10) Other tools used historically were pokers, and knives, all these tools would be held in a seal-intestine skin bag. [9] (#cite_note-gaul-9) Once the tattoo had been completed, the tattooed area would be sterilized with a mixture of urine and soot. [9] (#cite_note-gaul-9) In modern times, the practice is primarily done through the use of a tattoo machine and its use of needles and ink. [10] (#cite_note-taylor-10) Both practices, the poking method and the machine method, are used in modern times, with the traditional poking method employed by those who wish for the practice to be done traditionally. [11] (#cite_note-jtaylor-11) History and archaeology [ edit ] Inuit legends regarding the meaning of the individual tattoos refer to the sea goddess Sedna (/wiki/Sedna_(mythology)) who, while being thrown overboard by her angry father, had her fingers chopped off, the disembodied digits would become sea animals. Tattoos on the hands and arms refer to the story, representing where her hands were cut. [14] (#cite_note-allford-14) Wearers of kakiniit in Inuit tradition would ensure that in the afterlife, the woman would be able to go to a place of happiness and good things. [14] (#cite_note-allford-14) According to tradition, women who did not have hand tattoos would be denied access to the afterlife by Sedna, while women without facial tattoos were sent to the land of Noqurmiut , the "land of the crestfallen" where women would spend an eternity with smoke coming from their throat and their head hanging downwards. [9] (#cite_note-gaul-9) According to anthropologist Lars Krutak, Inuit practices of tattooing remained unchanged for millennia. Evidence of prehistoric tattooing found on Alaska's St. Lawrence Island (/wiki/St._Lawrence_Island) resembled tattoos found on Greenlandic (/wiki/Greenland) women in the 1880s. [9] (#cite_note-gaul-9) The practice was widespread and unchanged prior to colonization. [9] (#cite_note-gaul-9) On top of making individuals happy, the practice was done for a variety of reasons historically, some for acupuncture or as pain relief, beautification, and shamanistic reasons. [9] (#cite_note-gaul-9) With the introduction of Western medicine and fashion, the former reasons fell out of favour among Inuit, the third reason was extirpated through pressure from missionaries. [9] (#cite_note-gaul-9) The practice of kakiniit was banned by the Catholic Church (/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Canada) and missionaries during the early 20th century, who saw the practice as evil due to its non-Christian nature. [10] (#cite_note-taylor-10) Traditionally a source of pride and a rite of passage for Inuit women, the practice was considered shamanistic to the Catholic missionaries and the communities that they worked to convert. Biblical passages forbidding the practice of tattooing served as additional pressure to forbid the practice. [9] (#cite_note-gaul-9) The efforts of Anglican missionary Edmund Peck (/wiki/Edmund_Peck) , who was fluent in Inuktitut, were particularly effective in extirpating Inuit cultural and religious practices, including kakiniit. [9] (#cite_note-gaul-9) However, the practice was not entirely extirpated during the time, and the practice went underground. [7] (#cite_note-cbcr-7) Modern practice [ edit ] The practice has seen a recent resurgence due to increased awareness and revitalization efforts, in addition to concerns regarding the extirpation of the practice. The Kalaaleq (West Greenlandic Inuk) tattooer and researcher Maya Sialuk Jacobsen spearheaded the reintroduction of traditional tattooing and the use of traditional tattooing techniques in Greenland after founding Inuit Tattoo Traditions in 2014 [15] (#cite_note-15) and played an instrumental role in founding the Tupik Mi traditional tattoo revitalization project in Alaska the following year. [16] (#cite_note-A_Return_To_Native_Roots,_Traced_In_Ink-16) In the Canadian arctic, organizations such as the Inuit Tattoo Revitalization Project, founded in 2017 and led by Angela Hovak Johnson, serve to revive the tradition and bring the practice back in Inuit communities. [4] (#cite_note-geoghegan-4) [17] (#cite_note-cbc2-17) Johnson started the organization when she found out that the practice was to die out with the last Inuk woman with facial tattoos. [3] (#cite_note-ccox-3) The practice was brought to further public knowledge following the release of the film Atanarjuat: The Fast Runner (/wiki/Atanarjuat:_The_Fast_Runner) . [2] (#cite_note-arnaquq-2) Inuit filmmaker Alethea Arnaquq-Baril (/wiki/Alethea_Arnaquq-Baril) 's 2010 film, Tunniit: Retracing the Lines of Inuit Tattoos , documents the history behind the practice. [9] (#cite_note-gaul-9) Arnaquq-Baril interviewed 58 elders representing 10 Inuit communities during the course of the film. [2] (#cite_note-arnaquq-2) Many Inuit figures bear traditional tattoos to showcase their embracing of their heritage, including: Celina Kalluk (/wiki/Celina_Kalluk) , Lucie Idlout (/wiki/Lucie_Idlout) , Angela Hovak Johnston, Laakkuluk Williamson Bathory (/wiki/Laakkuluk_Williamson_Bathory) , Nancy Mike (/wiki/The_Jerry_Cans) , and Johnny Issaluk (/wiki/Johnny_Issaluk) . [9] (#cite_note-gaul-9) Member of Parliament Mumilaaq Qaqqaq (/wiki/Mumilaaq_Qaqqaq) , who was elected in 2019 and representing the riding of Nunavut, wore traditional facial tattoos. [14] (#cite_note-allford-14) See also [ edit ] History of tattooing (/wiki/History_of_tattooing) Tavlugun (/wiki/Tavlugun) Yidįįłtoo (/wiki/Yid%C4%AF%C4%AF%C5%82too) are the traditional face tattoos (/wiki/Face_tattoo) of the Hän Gwich’in (/wiki/Gwich%CA%BCin) . [18] (#cite_note-:0-18) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Inuinnaqtun to English" (http://en.copian.ca/library/learning/nac/nac_dictionary/nac_dictionary.pdf) (PDF) . Copian . p. 46 . Retrieved 17 July 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Arnaquq-Baril, Alethea. "ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ (Inuktitut)" (https://www.itk.ca/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/2010-0109-InuktitutMagazine-IUCANS-IULATN-EN-FR.pdf) (PDF) . Inuktitut (in English, French, and Inuktitut). 109 . Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami: 42–51. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0020-9872 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0020-9872) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210725064456/https://www.itk.ca/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/2010-0109-InuktitutMagazine-IUCANS-IULATN-EN-FR.pdf) (PDF) from the original on 25 July 2021 . Retrieved 12 March 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Cox, Caroline (15 June 2017). "Why getting her first tattoo is so meaningful for this 74-year-old Inuit elder" (https://www.cbc.ca/arts/exhibitionists/why-getting-her-first-tattoo-is-so-meaningful-for-this-74-year-old-inuit-elder-1.4161940) . CBC Arts . Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. CBC News. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220312020812/https://www.cbc.ca/arts/exhibitionists/why-getting-her-first-tattoo-is-so-meaningful-for-this-74-year-old-inuit-elder-1.4161940) from the original on 12 March 2022 . Retrieved 12 March 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b Geoghegan, John (10 February 2021). "Healing Ink: An Interview with Cora DeVos" (https://www.inuitartfoundation.org/iaq-online/healing-ink) . Inuit Art Foundation . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220220002833/https://www.inuitartfoundation.org/iaq-online/healing-ink) from the original on 20 February 2022 . Retrieved 12 March 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Fortescue, Michael D.; Jacobson, Steven; Kaplan, Lawrence, eds. (2010). "PE kaki- 'pierce or prick' ". Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: With Aleut Cognates (2nd ed.). Alaska Native Language Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks. p. 166. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-555-00-109-4 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Fortescue, Michael D.; Jacobson, Steven; Kaplan, Lawrence, eds. (2010). "PE tupə(nəq) 'tattoo' ". Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: With Aleut Cognates (2nd ed.). Alaska Native Language Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks. p. 385. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-555-00-109-4 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Inuk filmmaker explains the emotionally fraught decision to get traditional face tattoos" (https://www.cbc.ca/radio/tapestry/ink-and-identity-1.4841363/inuk-filmmaker-explains-the-emotionally-fraught-decision-to-get-traditional-face-tattoos-1.4841397) . CBC Radio . Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. CBC News. 15 March 2019. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220312053848/https://www.cbc.ca/radio/tapestry/ink-and-identity-1.4841363/inuk-filmmaker-explains-the-emotionally-fraught-decision-to-get-traditional-face-tattoos-1.4841397) from the original on 12 March 2022 . Retrieved 12 March 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Allaire, Christian (8 March 2022). "In Alaska, Indigenous Women Are Reclaiming Traditional Face Tattoos" (https://www.vogue.com/article/in-alaska-indigenous-women-are-reclaiming-traditional-face-tattoos) . Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) . Retrieved 29 July 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Gaul, Ashleigh (September 2014). "Between the Lines" (https://uphere.ca/articles/between-lines) . Up Here (/wiki/Up_Here_(magazine)) . Up Here Publishing. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220124090410/https://uphere.ca/articles/between-lines) from the original on 24 January 2022 . Retrieved 12 March 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Taylor, Juanita (2 October 2021). "Etched on the skin" (https://newsinteractives.cbc.ca/longform/inuit-kakiniit-traditional-tattoo) . CBC News Interactives . Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220311044116/https://newsinteractives.cbc.ca/longform/inuit-kakiniit-traditional-tattoo) from the original on 11 March 2022 . Retrieved 12 March 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Taylor, Juanita (3 May 2016). " (https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/inuit-women-traditional-tattoos-kugluktuk-1.3563446) 'This is so powerful:' Kitikmeot women revive traditional Inuit tattoos" (https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/inuit-women-traditional-tattoos-kugluktuk-1.3563446) . CBC News . Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220312020812/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/inuit-women-traditional-tattoos-kugluktuk-1.3563446) from the original on 12 March 2022 . Retrieved 12 March 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-campbell_12-0) Campbell, Heather (14 January 2021). "Tunniit/Tattoos: The Complicated History of Photographing Inuit Tattoos" (https://thediscoverblog.com/2021/01/14/tunniit-tattoos-the-complicated-history-of-photographing-inuit-tattoos/) . Library and Archives Canada (/wiki/Library_and_Archives_Canada) Blog . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211118215650/https://thediscoverblog.com/2021/01/14/tunniit-tattoos-the-complicated-history-of-photographing-inuit-tattoos/) from the original on 18 November 2021 . Retrieved 12 March 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Angulalik, Jana (11 June 2021). "Kakiniit: The art of Inuit tattooing" (https://www.canadiangeographic.ca/article/kakiniit-art-inuit-tattooing) . Canadian Geographic (/wiki/Canadian_Geographic) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220318214405/http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/article/kakiniit-art-inuit-tattooing) from the original on 18 March 2022 . Retrieved 12 March 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Allford, Jennifer (23 October 2019). "Reclaiming Inuit culture, one tattoo at a time" (https://www.ctvnews.ca/lifestyle/reclaiming-inuit-culture-one-tattoo-at-a-time-1.4651750) . CTV News (/wiki/CTV_News) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220312013755/https://www.ctvnews.ca/lifestyle/reclaiming-inuit-culture-one-tattoo-at-a-time-1.4651750) from the original on 12 March 2022 . Retrieved 12 March 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Instagram" (https://www.instagram.com/inuittattootraditions/) . ^ (#cite_ref-A_Return_To_Native_Roots,_Traced_In_Ink_16-0) Hugues, Zacharia. NPR.org https://www.npr.org/2015/10/10/446868008/a-return-to-native-roots-traced-in-ink (https://www.npr.org/2015/10/10/446868008/a-return-to-native-roots-traced-in-ink) . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : Missing or empty |title= ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title) ) ^ (#cite_ref-cbc2_17-0) "Book published on Inuit tattoo revitalization 'all my visions coming to life,' says author" (https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/inuit-tattoo-revitalization-book-1.4463859) . CBC News North . Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. CBC News. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220312020803/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/inuit-tattoo-revitalization-book-1.4463859) from the original on 12 March 2022 . Retrieved 12 March 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-:0_18-0) Frey, Kaitlyn (14 December 2021). "Quannah Chasinghorse Didn't Want to Discuss Her Face Tattoo Because People 'Wouldn't Have Accepted' (https://people.com/style/quannah-chasinghorse-waited-to-talk-about-her-face-tattoo/) " (https://people.com/style/quannah-chasinghorse-waited-to-talk-about-her-face-tattoo/) . People (/wiki/People_(magazine)) . Retrieved 29 July 2022 . External links [ edit ] Tattoos in Peru (https://tattoovagabond.com/tattoos-in-peru/) Media related to Inuit with tattoos (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Inuit_with_tattoos) at Wikimedia Commons v t e Tattoos (/wiki/Tattoo) and tattooing Topics Body art (/wiki/Body_art) Body modification (/wiki/Body_modification) Conventions (/wiki/Tattoo_convention) Flash (/wiki/Flash_(tattoo)) Health effects (/wiki/Health_effects_of_tattoos) History (/wiki/History_of_tattooing) Religious perspectives (/wiki/Religious_perspectives_on_tattooing) Removal (/wiki/Tattoo_removal) Types LED (/wiki/LED_tattoo) Medical (/wiki/Medical_tattoo) Permanent makeup (/wiki/Permanent_makeup) Temporary (/wiki/Temporary_tattoo) Process and technique Artist (/wiki/Tattoo_artist) Cover-up (/wiki/Cover-up_tattoo) Ink (/wiki/Tattoo_ink) UV (/wiki/UV_tattoo) Machine (/wiki/Tattoo_machine) Microblading (/wiki/Microblading) Process of tattooing (/wiki/Process_of_tattooing) Traditions and practices Austronesian (/wiki/Austronesian_peoples#Tattooing) Atayal ( Ptasan (/wiki/Atayal_people#Facial_tattoos) ) Bornean (/wiki/Bornean_traditional_tattooing) Filipino ( Batok (/wiki/Batok) ) Māori ( Tā moko (/wiki/T%C4%81_moko) ) Marquesan (/wiki/Culture_of_the_Marquesas_Islands#Tatu) Mentawai (/wiki/Mentawai_people#Culture_and_lifestyle) Rapa Nui (/wiki/Rapa_Nui_tattooing) Samoan ( Malu (/wiki/Malu) , Peʻa (/wiki/Pe%CA%BBa) ) European Bosnia and Herzegovina ( Sicanje (/wiki/Sicanje) code: hrv promoted to code: hr ) Mainland Asian Burmese ( Htoe kwin (/wiki/Tattooing_in_Myanmar) code: mya promoted to code: my ) Chinese (/wiki/Tattooing_in_China) Khmer/Laos/Thai ( Yantra (/wiki/Yantra_tattooing) ) South Korean (/wiki/Tattooing_in_South_Korea) Japanese Ainu ( Anchi-piri (/wiki/Anchi-piri) ) Yamato ( Irezumi (/wiki/Irezumi) , Horimono (/wiki/Horimono) ) Ryukyuan ( Hajichi (/wiki/Hajichi) ) Middle Eastern Kurdish/Yazidi ( Deq (/wiki/Deq_(tattoo)) ) Native American (/wiki/History_of_tattooing#Americas) Inuit ( Kakiniit code: iku promoted to code: iu , Tavlugun (/wiki/Tavlugun) code: ipk promoted to code: ik ) Osage (/wiki/History_of_tattooing#Osage_Nation) Haudenosaunee (/wiki/History_of_tattooing#Haudenosaunee_Confederation) North African (/wiki/History_of_tattooing#North_Africa) Ancient Egyptian/Nubian (/wiki/History_of_tattooing#Egypt_and_Nubia) Berber (/wiki/Culture_of_Morocco#Tattooing) Coptic (/wiki/History_of_tattooing#Copts) Other contexts Animal (/wiki/Animal_tattoo) Branding (/w/index.php?title=Branding_tattoo&action=edit&redlink=1) (sex trafficking) Criminal (/wiki/Criminal_tattoo) Nazi concentration camps (/wiki/Identification_of_inmates_in_Nazi_concentration_camps) Prison (/wiki/Prison_tattooing) Sailor (/wiki/Sailor_tattoos) Tattooed lady (/wiki/Tattooed_lady) Styles and designs Black-and-gray (/wiki/Black-and-gray) Blackout (/wiki/Blackout_tattoo) Chinese calligraphy (/wiki/Chinese_calligraphy_tattoos) Five dots (/wiki/Five_dots_tattoo) Nautical star (/wiki/Nautical_star) New school (/wiki/New_school_(tattoo)) Old school (/wiki/American_traditional) Soundwave (/wiki/Soundwave_tattoos) Teardrop (/wiki/Teardrop_tattoo) Trash polka (/wiki/Trash_polka) Bodily location Body suit (/wiki/Body_suit_(tattoo)) Cornea (/wiki/Corneal_tattooing) Face (/wiki/Face_tattoo) Genital (/wiki/Genital_tattooing) Knuckle (/wiki/Knuckle_tattoo) Lower-back (/wiki/Lower-back_tattoo) Scalp (/wiki/Hair_tattoo) Sclera (/wiki/Scleral_tattooing) Sleeve (/wiki/Sleeve_tattoo) Legal status in... 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Makeup technique For other uses, see Contour (disambiguation) (/wiki/Contour_(disambiguation)) . For the physical reshaping of body parts, see Body contouring (/wiki/Body_contouring) . Contouring is a makeup (/wiki/Makeup) technique that uses cosmetics (/wiki/Cosmetics) to define, enhance and sculpt the structure of the face [1] (#cite_note-teenvogue-how-to-1) or other body parts, such as breasts. [2] (#cite_note-Slate_24_February_2017-2) Contouring is usually produced by placing a warm or cool toned color that is one or two shades darker than the skin color in areas such as in the hollows of the cheeks, on the side of the nose, and on the temples to give a shadow and a slimming effect. It can be complemented with a highlighter (/wiki/Highlighter_(cosmetics)) that is one or two shades lighter than the skin color on areas of the face that are more prominent such as on the apples of the cheeks and the tip of the nose or the t-zone (forehead, nose, and chin). This technique can also be referred to as strobing, which generally uses only lighter powders and shades and little to no darker ones. History [ edit ] In the 16th century, contouring was used by Elizabethan (/wiki/Elizabethan_period) stage actors, who would apply chalk and soot to their faces to help audience members read their facial expressions. [3] (#cite_note-Byrdie-3) In the late 1800s, when electricity was invented and lights were widely used, soot was no longer an option. Instead of soot, actors would use greasepaint to help audience members decipher their emotions. In 1800s–1900s, Queen Victoria (/wiki/Queen_Victoria) deemed makeup as vulgar, as only stage actors and prostitutes wore makeup. Makeup could only be purchased in costume stores. [3] (#cite_note-Byrdie-3) In the 1920s and 1930s, contouring could be seen in the film world. German actress Marlene Dietrich (/wiki/Marlene_Dietrich) would contour her face for her films. She would accentuate the natural lines of her face with shading and sculpting. [3] (#cite_note-Byrdie-3) In 1934, makeup artist Max Factor Sr. (/wiki/Max_Factor_Sr.) was famous for applying makeup for stage actors. He added shading to the face so that it would not appear flat on film. In 1945, he presented the first tutorial on how to contour the face, for different face shapes. [3] (#cite_note-Byrdie-3) In 1944, Ben Nye (/wiki/Ben_Nye) , a famous makeup artist, did the makeup for characters in Gone with the Wind (/wiki/Gone_with_the_Wind_(film)) and Planet of the Apes (/wiki/Planet_of_the_Apes_(1968_film)) . He then created his own makeup line, which is still popular today. [3] (#cite_note-Byrdie-3) In the 1950s, a time of Old Hollywood glamour, features were subtly contoured and shaded. This method was used by actresses such as Audrey Hepburn (/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn) , Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe) , and Elizabeth Taylor (/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor) . [3] (#cite_note-Byrdie-3) In the 1990s, makeup artist Kevyn Aucoin (/wiki/Kevyn_Aucoin) was wholly responsible for the sculpted, chiseled look of many celebrities and top models, including Cher (/wiki/Cher) , Madonna (/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)) , Gwyneth Paltrow (/wiki/Gwyneth_Paltrow) , Cindy Crawford (/wiki/Cindy_Crawford) , and Janet Jackson (/wiki/Janet_Jackson) . [3] (#cite_note-Byrdie-3) In October 2000, he published his industry defining cosmetics book, Face Forward (/wiki/Face_Forward) , which became a New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) bestseller. The book was widely noted for introducing makeup sculpting and contouring to the general public for the first time. In the 2000s, the practice of "body contouring" – the application of contouring to other parts of the body than the face, such as shinbones (/wiki/Shinbone) or breasts ("boob contouring") – became more widely noticed as a result of the increasing number of images of celebrities appearing in social media (/wiki/Social_media) . [2] (#cite_note-Slate_24_February_2017-2) In the 2010s, contouring became even more intense as makeup techniques advanced. While contouring has existed for centuries to some extent, the technique was revolutionized by celebrities, such as Kim Kardashian (/wiki/Kim_Kardashian) and makeup artists incorporating it even more into their looks. The trend of contouring has taken over beauty brands by prompting the sale of items meant specifically for contouring and strobing, its lighter counterpart. Contouring developed from only people in the public eye practicing it, to more affordable and accessible brands manufacturing products so all people can use the technique. The practice is often used by drag queens (/wiki/Drag_queens) to emphasize feminine features and soften masculine ones. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-nytimes-5) Contouring is used largely to not only accentuate features present on the face, but also to hide or change features that are unwanted. Products often used include powder contour, which can come in palettes with both light and dark colors for highlighting and contouring, as well as cream contour products that can create a more emphasized look. [5] (#cite_note-nytimes-5) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-teenvogue-how-to_1-0) Picardi, Phillip (2014-01-24). "So: What Is Contouring and Why Should You Care?" (http://www.teenvogue.com/story/how-to-contour-makeup) . Teen Vogue . Retrieved 2016-01-18 . Contouring is giving shape to an area of the face and enhancing the facial structure through makeup ^ Jump up to: a b Schwedel, Heather (24 February 2017). "On the Oscars Red Carpet, Keep an Eye Out for Boob Contouring" (http://www.slate.com/blogs/xx_factor/2017/02/24/boob_contouring_is_the_latest_red_carpet_makeup_trend.html) . Slate . Retrieved 25 February 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "From 1500 to 2015: The Fascinating History of Contouring" (http://www.byrdie.com/history-of-contouring/slide9) . Byrdie . Retrieved 2016-03-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Here's What You Might Not Know About the History of Contouring - Makeup Contour TikTok" (https://www.lofficielusa.com/beauty/history-of-contouring-makeup-kardashian-drag-queens) . www.lofficielusa.com . 2021-06-17 . Retrieved 2021-07-31 . ^ Jump up to: a b Shapiro, Bee (2017-10-11). "We're Living in the Golden Age of Contouring" (https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/11/t-magazine/contouring-trend-makeup.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2021-07-31 . External links [ edit ] Look up contouring (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/contouring) in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. 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This article is an orphan (/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan) , as no other articles link to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=Gandys&namespace=0) . Please introduce links (/wiki/Help:Link) to this page from related articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=Gandys&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=Gandys) ; try the Find link tool (https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=Gandys) for suggestions. ( November 2022 ) Gandys is a social enterprise and clothing brand founded in 2012 in Brixton, London (/wiki/Brixton) . The company was founded by 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami (/wiki/2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake_and_tsunami) survivors Rob and Paul Forkan. [1] (#cite_note-1) Through the sale of their clothing and accessories, Gandys fund the Gandys Foundation, which works to build campuses & provide education for disadvantaged and underprivileged children in underdeveloped nations. [2] (#cite_note-2) History [ edit ] Gandys was launched in 2012 as a flip-flop (/wiki/Flip-flops) brand, operating from Rob's flat in Brixton. [3] (#cite_note-3) The products were stocked in over 400 stores, which included Selfridges (/wiki/Selfridges) and Topman (/wiki/Topman) . [4] (#cite_note-4) In 2013, they won an award for accessories and footwear design at the WGSN (/wiki/WGSN_(trend_forecasting)) Global Fashion Awards. [5] (#cite_note-:0-5) In 2014, Rob and Paul published their book, Tsunami Kids, detailing their early life and journey starting their business. 10% of all proceeds of the book are also donated to the Gandys Foundation. [6] (#cite_note-6) The Gandys brothers have had a number of high-profile collaborations, including Liberty of London (/wiki/Liberty_(department_store)) , McLaren (/wiki/McLaren) and The Rolling Stones (/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones) . [7] (#cite_note-7) Their clothing has been seen on a number of high-profile celebritities, including Prince William (/wiki/Prince_William,_Duke_of_Cambridge) , [8] (#cite_note-8) Richard Branson (/wiki/Richard_Branson) and Jessie J (/wiki/Jessie_J) . [5] (#cite_note-:0-5) Their range has since expanded from flip-flops into bags, accessories and clothing. [9] (#cite_note-9) Operations [ edit ] Their headquarters are based in Wimbledon, West London (/wiki/Wimbledon,_London) , [10] (#cite_note-10) and operate from their website www.gandyslondon.com [11] (#cite_note-11) and their flagship store in Covent Garden, Central London. (/wiki/Covent_Garden) [12] (#cite_note-12) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Plummer, Robert (15 June 2014). "Gandys Flip Flops: Footwear with soul" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-27638426) . BBC News . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "YouTube - THE GANDYS BROTHERS ON SKY NEWS!!" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X-Y1MdO6lyo&t=81s) . Sky News . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Five minutes with ... Gandys flip flops' co-founders, Rob and Paul" (https://www.theguardian.com/social-enterprise-network/2014/jan/09/gandys-flip-flops-orphans-for-orphans-social-enterprise) . The Guardian . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "How the sibling founders behind Gandys Flip Flops launched and grew the business" (https://www.director.co.uk/9896-interview-how-gandys-flip-flops-launched-and-grew-the-business/) . Director . ^ Jump up to: a b "Brothers orphaned by tsunami set up flip-flop business to help children" (https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/01/brothers-orphaned-tsunami-flip-flop-profits-gandys) . The Guardian . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Forkan, Rob, Paul (2014). Tsunami Kids . London: Michael O'Mara Books Limited. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-78243-357-6 . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) ) ^ (#cite_ref-7) Matthew, Caines. " (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/connect/small-business/gandys-founder-people-laughed-at-us/) 'People laughed at us at first' (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/connect/small-business/gandys-founder-people-laughed-at-us/) " (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/connect/small-business/gandys-founder-people-laughed-at-us/) . The Telegraph . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Prince William wears burgundy Gandys hat in Stockholm - and there's a heartwarming cause behind it" (https://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/style/celebrity-fashion/prince-william-wears-burgundy-gandys-11952074) . The Mirror . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "How Gandys has built a brand without advertising" (https://www.marketingweek.com/gandys-flip-flop-brand-advertising/) . Marketing Week . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Boxing Day tsunami orphans to open children's home in Sri Lanka" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-30469527) . BBC News . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Gandys | Ethical & Sustainable Clothes built for Travel" (https://www.gandyslondon.com/) . Gandys London . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Our Stores" (https://www.gandyslondon.com/stores) . Gandys London . 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Finnish beauty pageant winner and model (born 2001) Paula Joukanen Born Paula Susanna Joukanen ( 2001-03-19 ) 19 March 2001 (age 23) Helsinki (/wiki/Helsinki) , Finland Occupation(s) Model, law student Height 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) Beauty pageant (/wiki/Beauty_pageant) titleholder Title Miss Universe Finland 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Finland) Major competition(s) Miss Universe Finland 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Finland) (Winner) Miss Universe 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2023) (Unplaced) Paula Susanna Joukanen (born 19 March 2001) [1] (#cite_note-1) is a Finnish (/wiki/Finland) model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Universe Finland 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Finland) [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) and represented her country at Miss Universe 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2023) . [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) Pageantry [ edit ] Miss Universe 2023 [ edit ] Joukanen represented Finland (/wiki/Finland) at the 72nd Miss Universe competition held in El Salvador (/wiki/El_Salvador) on 18 November 2023. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) N'Dure, Christa (20 March 2024). "Paula Joukanen täytti vuosia: paljasti jääneensä kiinni traumaan" (https://uutisankka.com/julkkikset/paula-joukanen-taytti-vuosia-paljasti-jaaneensa-kiinni-traumaan/) . Uutisankka.com (in Finnish). Uutismedia OÜ . Retrieved 11 June 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Hakala, Salli; Seppänen, Elina (9 September 2023). "Paula Joukanen on uusi Miss Suomi!" (https://www.is.fi/viihde/art-2000009843969.html) . Ilta-Sanomat (in Finnish) . Retrieved 12 October 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Jauhiainen, Hanna-Sofia (11 October 2023). "Miss Suomi Paula Joukanen avoimena yllättävästä fobiasta – pelkäsi jopa poistua kotoa" (https://fi.newsner.com/viihde/miss-suomi-paula-joukanen-avoimena-yllattavasta-fobiasta-pelkasi-jopa-poistua-kotoa/) . Newsner Suomi (in Finnish) . Retrieved 12 October 2023 . Awards and achievements Preceded by Petra Hämäläinen Miss Universe Finland (/wiki/Miss_Finland) 2023 Succeeded by TBD v t e Miss Universe 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2023) national titleholders ALB : Endi Demneri (/wiki/Endi_Demneri) AGO : Ana Coimbra (/wiki/Ana_Coimbra) ARG : Yamile Dajud (/wiki/Yamile_Dajud) AUS : Moraya Wilson (/wiki/Moraya_Wilson) BHS : Melissa Ingraham (/wiki/Melissa_Ingraham) BEL : Emilie Vansteenkiste (/wiki/Emilie_Vansteenkiste) BOL : Estefany Rivero (/wiki/Estefany_Rivero) BRA : Maria Brechane (/wiki/Maria_Brechane) KHM : Sotima John (/wiki/Sotima_John) CAN : Madison Kvaltin (/wiki/Madison_Kvaltin) CHL : Celeste Viel (/wiki/Celeste_Viel) COL : Camila Avella (/wiki/Camila_Avella) CRC : Lisbeth Valverde (/wiki/Lisbeth_Valverde) CZE : Vanesa Švédová (/wiki/Vanesa_%C5%A0v%C3%A9dov%C3%A1) DNK : Nikoline Hansen (/wiki/Nikoline_Hansen) ECU : Delary Stoffers (/wiki/Delary_Stoffers) EGY : Mohra Tantawy (/wiki/Mohra_Tantawy) SLV : Isabella García-Manzo (/wiki/Isabella_Garc%C3%ADa-Manzo) FIN : Paula Joukanen FRA : Diane Leyre (/wiki/Diane_Leyre) DEU : Helena Bleicher (/wiki/Helena_Bleicher) GBR : Jessica Page (/wiki/Jessica_Page) GRE : Marielia Zaloumi (/wiki/Marielia_Zaloumi) GTM : Michelle Cohn (/wiki/Michelle_Cohn) HND : Zuheilyn Clemente (/wiki/Zuheilyn_Clemente) ISL : Lilja Pétursdóttir (/wiki/Lilja_P%C3%A9tursd%C3%B3ttir) IND : Shweta Sharda (/wiki/Shweta_Sharda) IDN : Fabiënne Groeneveld (/wiki/Fabi%C3%ABnne_Groeneveld) IRL : Aishah Akorede (/wiki/Aishah_Akorede) ITA : Carmen Panepinto (/wiki/Carmen_Panepinto) JPN : Rio Miyazaki (/wiki/Rio_Miyazaki) LBN : Maya Aboul Hosn (/wiki/Maya_Aboul_Hosn) MEX : Melissa Flores (/wiki/Melissa_Flores) NPL : Jane Dipika Garrett (/wiki/Jane_Dipika_Garrett) NLD : Rikkie Kollé (/wiki/Rikkie_Koll%C3%A9) NIC : Sheynnis Palacios (/wiki/Sheynnis_Palacios) NOR : Julie Tollefsen (/wiki/Julie_Tollefsen) PAK : Erica Robin (/wiki/Erica_Robin) PAN : Natasha Vargas (/wiki/Natasha_Vargas) PAR : Elicena Andrada (/wiki/Elicena_Andrada) PER : Camila Escribens (/wiki/Camila_Escribens) PHL : Michelle Dee (/wiki/Michelle_Dee) POL : Angelika Jurkowianiec (/wiki/Angelika_Jurkowianiec) POR : Marina Machete (/wiki/Marina_Machete) PUR : Karla Guilfú (/wiki/Karla_Guilf%C3%BA) RUS : Margarita Golubeva (/wiki/Margarita_Golubeva) SGP : Priyanka Annuncia (/wiki/Priyanka_Annuncia) ZAF : Bryoni Govender (/wiki/Bryoni_Govender) ESP : Athenea Pérez (/wiki/Athenea_P%C3%A9rez) THA : Anntonia Porsild (/wiki/Anntonia_Porsild) TTO : Faith Gillezeau (/wiki/Faith_Gillezeau) UKR : Angelina Usanova (/wiki/Angelina_Usanova) USA : Noelia Voigt (/wiki/Noelia_Voigt) VEN : Diana Silva (/wiki/Diana_Silva_(model)) VNM : Bùi Quỳnh Hoa (/wiki/B%C3%B9i_Qu%E1%BB%B3nh_Hoa) ZWE : Brooke Bruk-Jackson (/wiki/Brooke_Bruk-Jackson) Portals (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals) : Biography (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Finland (/wiki/Portal:Finland) This biographical article about a contestant in a beauty pageant is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Australia portal (/wiki/Portal:Australia) Companies portal (/wiki/Portal:Companies) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐9s9n7 Cached time: 20240713061233 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.046 seconds Real time usage: 0.067 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 21/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1522/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 3/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1041/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.023/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 770867/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 53.316 1 Template:Portal 100.00% 53.316 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:9923331-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713061233 and revision id 1174755531. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 4 subcategories, out of 4 total. C Clothing brands of Australia (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_of_Australia) (74 P) E Eyewear companies of Australia (/wiki/Category:Eyewear_companies_of_Australia) (1 C) R Clothing retailers of Australia (/wiki/Category:Clothing_retailers_of_Australia) (51 P) S Shoe companies of Australia (/wiki/Category:Shoe_companies_of_Australia) (20 P) Pages in category "Clothing companies of Australia" The following 11 pages are in this category, out of 11 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . C Cue (clothing) (/wiki/Cue_(clothing)) G GA Zink and Sons Building (/wiki/GA_Zink_and_Sons_Building) Gazal Corporation (/wiki/Gazal_Corporation) J Jack London (fashion label) (/wiki/Jack_London_(fashion_label)) M Mambo Graphics (/wiki/Mambo_Graphics) O Outland Denim (/wiki/Outland_Denim) R Romance Was Born (/wiki/Romance_Was_Born) S SABA (clothing) (/wiki/SABA_(clothing)) Skins (sportswear) (/wiki/Skins_(sportswear)) Sportsgirl (/wiki/Sportsgirl) Sussan (/wiki/Sussan) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_Australia&oldid=1174755531 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_Australia&oldid=1174755531) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing companies by country (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_by_country) Design companies of Australia (/wiki/Category:Design_companies_of_Australia) Companies of Australia by industry (/wiki/Category:Companies_of_Australia_by_industry) Manufacturing companies of Australia (/wiki/Category:Manufacturing_companies_of_Australia) Australian fashion (/wiki/Category:Australian_fashion) |
British fragrance brand Jo Malone London Company type Subsidiary (/wiki/Subsidiary) Industry Cosmetics (/wiki/Cosmetics) Founded London, England (1990) Founders Jo Malone (/wiki/Jo_Malone) CBE Products Fragrance, Bath & Body Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) Estée Lauder Companies (/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies) (1999–present) Website Jo Malone London (https://www.jomalone.com/) Jo Malone boutique in Norwich, England Jo Malone Store in Cardiff (/wiki/Cardiff) , Wales Jo Malone London is a British multinational cosmetics company, perfume and scented candle brand, [1] (#cite_note-Brit_spirit-1) founded by Jo Malone (/wiki/Jo_Malone) in 1990. [2] (#cite_note-Fragrantica-2) It has been owned since 1999 by Estée Lauder (/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies) . [3] (#cite_note-heaven_sent-3) The brand is known for its perfumes, candles, bath products, and room scents. [4] (#cite_note-4) Founding [ edit ] The brand became popular in the United States following founder Jo Malone's appearance on The Oprah Winfrey Show (/wiki/The_Oprah_Winfrey_Show) . [5] (#cite_note-CHERYL_WISCHHOVER-5) In 1999, Jo Malone London (JML) sold the company to Estée Lauder Companies (/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies) for "undisclosed millions". [3] (#cite_note-heaven_sent-3) Malone continued to work for the brand as creative director (/wiki/Creative_director) until 2006, [6] (#cite_note-6) and was barred from creating a new fragrance (/wiki/Fragrance) or skincare (/wiki/Skincare) line for 5 years due to a non-compete agreement (/wiki/Non-compete_clause) . [5] (#cite_note-CHERYL_WISCHHOVER-5) She subsequently launched a new line, Jo Loves (/wiki/Jo_Loves) . Fragrances [ edit ] Until 2014, the perfumer Christine Nagel (/wiki/Christine_Nagel) created 47 scents for Jo Malone including Wood Sage & Sea Salt (2014), a skin scent of salt lingering on the body after a day at the beach, [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) that in 2015, the Marie Claire (/wiki/Marie_Claire) International Fragrance Awards honored as the year's most daring fragrance for women. [9] (#cite_note-9) Marketing [ edit ] The brand manager Jean-Guillaume Trottier joined Estee Lauder in 2004, and has worked for Jo Malone exclusively since 2012. Additionally Jo Malone has its own shops. The brand was introduced in Brazil, China, Korea, Philippines and Israel. [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) The brand's first brand ambassadors were English supermodel and musician Karen Elson (/wiki/Karen_Elson) and model and actress Poppy Delevin (/wiki/Poppy_Delevingne) . [1] (#cite_note-Brit_spirit-1) In September 2020, actor John Boyega (/wiki/John_Boyega) resigned as its global brand ambassador after the company replaced him with a Chinese actor in a version of an advertisement (designed to be shown in China) that he had created based on his upbringing in Peckham, London. [12] (#cite_note-12) The firm had earlier apologised to him for reshooting the commercial without his consent which it had called a "mistake". [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) Jo Malone, the person, was greatly displeased by the incident saying "how dare [those associated with the brand]" do as they did without having spoken to Boyega about it. She further expressed dismay at the situation because she said people were confusing the brand and Malone herself and thought that Malone was responsible when in fact, as said in this article, she currently holds no position there. [15] (#cite_note-15) In May 2024, Tom Hardy (/wiki/Tom_Hardy) became the brand ambassador of Jo Malone London [16] (#cite_note-:0-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) and the brand announced plans to expand its male fragrance offering. [16] (#cite_note-:0-16) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Magsaysay, Melissa (17 November 2016). "Jo Malone London brings a Brit spirit — and personalized scents — to Beverly Hills" (https://www.latimes.com/fashion/la-ig-jo-malone-20161102-story.html) . Los Angeles Times . ^ (#cite_ref-Fragrantica_2-0) "Jo Malone London perfumes and colognes" (https://www.fragrantica.com/designers/Jo-Malone-London.html) . Fragrantica . 7 December 2020. ^ Jump up to: a b Gordon, Bryony (2 March 2011). "Jo Malone and her heaven sent talent" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/lifestyle/8355282/Jo-Malone-and-her-heaven-sent-talent.html) . The Daily Telegraph . Retrieved 16 July 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Jo Malone London" (https://www.elcompanies.com/en/our-brands/jo-malone-london) . www.elcompanies.com . Retrieved 21 February 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b Wischhover, Cheryl (12 December 2016). "Jo Malone's Quiet Comeback: You probably didn't even realize she's been gone" (http://www.racked.com/2016/12/12/13883836/jo-malone-jo-loves-fragrance-candles) . racked.com. ^ (#cite_ref-6) Felder, Rachel (16 October 2016). "Getting to know Jo Malone, who's already familiar to perfume lovers" (http://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/getting-to-know-jo-malone-whos-already-familiar-to-perfume-lovers/) . The Seattle Times . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Judd, Benjamen (15 May 2020). "How Christine Nagel found complete freedom at Hermès" (https://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/beauty/how-christine-nagel-found-complete-freedom-at-herm-s-20200515-p54tiw.html) . The Sydney Morning Herald . Retrieved 11 January 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Bischof, Felix (25 October 2019). "Scent of Hermès: Christine Nagel" (https://www.theweek.co.uk/103950/scent-of-herm-s-christine-nagel) . The Week Portfolio . Retrieved 11 January 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Wood Sage & Sea Salt by Jo Malone awarded the Prix de..." (https://www.mane.com/media/wood-sage-sea-salt-jo-malone-awarded-prix-de-laudace-french-fashion-magazine-marie-claire) MANE . 7 April 2015 . Retrieved 11 January 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) businesswire.com 20 July 2016, Estée Lauder Companies meldet Veränderungen im Geschäftsleitungsteam (https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20160720005434/de) (German), retrieved 11 January 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Jo Malone London appoints new global general manager" (https://uk.fashionnetwork.com/news/jo-malone-london-appoints-new-global-general-manager,516068.html) . uk.fashionnetwork.com . 5 February 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-12) Shoard, Catherine (15 September 2020). "John Boyega quits role as Jo Malone brand ambassador" (https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/sep/15/john-boyega-quits-role-as-jo-malone-brand-ambassador) . The Guardian . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Elan, Priya (13 September 2020). "Jo Malone apologises to John Boyega for cutting him out of Chinese ad" (https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/sep/13/jo-malone-apologises-to-john-boyega-for-cutting-him-out-of-chinese-ad) . The Guardian . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Perfume brand apologises to John Boyega over ad cut" (https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-54146855) . BBC News . 14 September 2020 . Retrieved 16 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Jo Malone denounces former brand's Boyega decision" (https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-54204307) . BBC News . 18 September 2020 . Retrieved 18 September 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Tom Hardy Stars in Jo Malone London's New Cologne Campaign Film" (https://hypebeast.com/2024/5/tom-hardy-jo-malone-london-ambassador-campaign) . Hypebeast . Retrieved 15 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Tom Hardy is Jo Malone London's newest ambassador" (https://cosmeticsbusiness.com/tom-hardy-is-jo-malone-london-s-newest-ambassador) . Cosmetics Business . Retrieved 15 May 2024 . 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jo_Malone_London&oldid=1223969323 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jo_Malone_London&oldid=1223969323) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : British brands (/wiki/Category:British_brands) Estée Lauder Companies brands (/wiki/Category:Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies_brands) Cosmetics brands (/wiki/Category:Cosmetics_brands) Luxury brands (/wiki/Category:Luxury_brands) Perfume houses (/wiki/Category:Perfume_houses) 1999 mergers and acquisitions (/wiki/Category:1999_mergers_and_acquisitions) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from April 2017 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2017) |
Furry footwear fashion accessory A girl in a cyber (/wiki/Cybergoth) outfit wearing green and black furry leg warmers A fluffy , also known as a furry leg warmer or furry boot cover , is a type of footwear (/wiki/Footwear) fashion accessory (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) . It is a variation on a leg warmer (/wiki/Leg_warmer) normally made out of faux fur (/wiki/Faux_fur) that covers the user's main footwear. It is commonly associated with cybergoth (/wiki/Cybergoth) fashion and the rave (/wiki/Rave) scene. Fluffies originated in the Ibiza (/wiki/Ibiza) rave scene of the mid-to-late-1990s, where podium dancers wore them during their performances. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "History Of Clubwear" (http://www.contagiousclubwear.com/history-of-clubwear-27-w.asp) . Contagious Clubwear. Archived (https://archive.today/20140922131534/www.contagiousclubwear.com/history-of-clubwear-27-w.asp) from the original on 22 September 2014 . Retrieved 7 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "The History of rave fashion & cyber club wear" (http://www.fantazia.org.uk/Scene/ravewear_history.htm) . Fantazia (/wiki/Fantazia_(dance)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20141008215444/http://www.fantazia.org.uk/Scene/ravewear_history.htm) from the original on 8 October 2014 . Retrieved 7 November 2014 . 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British footwear brand This article needs to be updated . Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. ( July 2023 ) Yull Shoes Company type Private (/wiki/Privately_held_company) Industry Footwear (/wiki/Footwear) Founded 2011 ; 13 years ago ( 2011 ) Founder Sarah Watkinson-Yull Headquarters London (/wiki/London) , United Kingdom Website yull (http://yull.co.uk) .co (http://yull.co.uk) .uk (http://yull.co.uk) Yull Shoes is a London (/wiki/London) -based footwear brand founded by designer Sarah Watkinson-Yull. She started her own label in 2011 after help from the Prince's Trust (/wiki/Prince%27s_Trust) at the age of 21. [1] (#cite_note-1) Overview [ edit ] Initially, the shoes were manufactured in China (/wiki/China) and imported to Britain. [ citation needed ] A 2012 loan from the Prince's Trust partially funded a shift in manufacturing from China to domestic production in Northampton (/wiki/Northampton) and subsequently London. [2] (#cite_note-2) Yull is one of the only independent shoe brands manufacturing high heels (/wiki/High-heeled_shoes) in Britain, and focuses on the international as opposed to domestic market. [3] (#cite_note-3) See also [ edit ] Bacup Shoe Company (/wiki/Bacup_Shoe_Company) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Battersea entrepreneur would have 'given up' on business if not for these initiatives" (https://www.wandsworthguardian.co.uk/news/15715573.yull-shoes-battersea-entrepreneur-credits-trusts-for-helping-launch-business/) . Wandsworth Times . 12 December 2017 . Retrieved 23 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Brooke, Simon (5 October 2015). "A perfect fit: Exports the key to expansion for a new British premium shoe brand" (https://realbusiness.co.uk/a-perfect-fit-exports-the-key-to-expansion-for-a-new-british-premium-shoe-brand) . Real Business. Retrieved 23 March 2022. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Callander, Rebecca Burn (18 March 2015). " Yull brings stiletto manufacturing back to the UK (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/11478800/Yull-brings-stiletto-manufacturing-back-to-the-UK.html) ". Telegraph. Retrieved 23 August 2016. External links [ edit ] Official website (http://yull.co.uk) Anta Shoes (https://www.ankta.com/) This shoe (/wiki/Shoe) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Belgian fashion designer (d. 1971) Angele Delanghe Delanghe, c. 1945 Born Brussels, Belgium Died 27 May 1971 Schruns (/wiki/Schruns) , Austria [1] (#cite_note-Delanghe,_death_notice-1) Occupation Fashion designer Notable credit Member of Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers (/wiki/Incorporated_Society_of_London_Fashion_Designers) Angele Delanghe (sometimes Angèle Delanghe ), was a Belgian fashion designer based in London who ran an eponymous label from the late 1930s to the mid 1960s and also produced couture designs for the West End (/wiki/West_End_of_London) department store Fortnum & Mason (/wiki/Fortnum_%26_Mason) . Early career [ edit ] Delanghe was born in Belgium and came to the UK in 1914, at the outbreak of World War I, as a refugee. [2] (#cite_note-Shopping_News_(SandC)_Timewell-2) She presented her first collection in London in 1939. [3] (#cite_note-The_Times_250165-3) While wartime interrupted the activities of all London's couture houses, fashion went on and the influential British Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(British_magazine)) editor Audrey Withers (/wiki/Audrey_Withers) was described as being among her early fans. [4] (#cite_note-War_Paint_Woodhead-4) Delanghe was among the earlier members of the Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers (/wiki/Incorporated_Society_of_London_Fashion_Designers) (IncSoc), joining in 1945 but withdrawing two years later due, reportedly, to financial difficulties. [5] (#cite_note-How_Fashion_Works_Waddell-5) Brand hallmarks [ edit ] Delanghe was known for her soft tailoring and feminine gowns – particularly romantic eveningwear and wedding dresses. [5] (#cite_note-How_Fashion_Works_Waddell-5) At a January 1947 fashion show – in which she shared space and billing with fellow IncSoc member Charles Creed (/wiki/Charles_Creed) – Delanghe featured draped and brocaded evening gowns with stiffened hems slightly raised at the front, while daywear was characterised by simple designs with high necklines and checked and plaid fabrics. [6] (#cite_note-NY_Sun_MacGowan-6) Her designs had broad appeal, a fashion writer in The Times noting in 1948: "Angele Delanghe has built her collection on the three Balzac types – the unmarried girl, the woman of 30 and the woman of the world". [7] (#cite_note-Times_090248-7) Later career [ edit ] By 1949, Delanghe was designing for Fortnum & Mason. [8] (#cite_note-F&M-8) [9] (#cite_note-Fortnum_&_Mason_story_of_millinery-9) Although she had resigned her membership of IncSoc, taking her out of the so-called "big ten" of British fashion designers, her work was still considered important enough to regularly feature in newspaper reviews of the couture shows. That year, she presented a collection featuring lightweight woollen suits with soft silhouettes, slim waists and pleated skirts. [10] (#cite_note-The_Times_030849-10) For the spring 1950 showed – designed for Fortnum & Mason – the reviewer noted her clever use of featherweight tweeds (/wiki/Tweed_(cloth)) and worsteds (/wiki/Worsted) , alongside cotton and linen and the fact that she had, as usual, designed with a focus on colour and suitability for the British climate. [11] (#cite_note-Times_310150-11) Delanghe continued to service a loyal client base from her Bruton Street (/wiki/Bruton_Street) showroom throughout the 1950s, regularly announcing her new collections in the classified adverts section of The Times . [12] (#cite_note-Times_classifieds_1154-12) [13] (#cite_note-Times_classifieds_0556-13) She rejoined the Incorporated Society of Fashion Designers in 1961 – the first new member in eight years. [5] (#cite_note-How_Fashion_Works_Waddell-5) [14] (#cite_note-Guardian_Aldburgham_220761-14) A reviewer of her second show of the year noted that although she had established a reputation for beautiful workmanship and attracted a loyal client base to her salon in Bruton Street, this collection's harem skirts, knickerbockers and stiff silk taffeta gowns was "backward looking" and out of keeping with the contemporary mood towards soft and flowing fashions. [14] (#cite_note-Guardian_Aldburgham_220761-14) By this stage, Delanghe was part of the old guard, with a perspective of fashion design that was possibly out of keeping with the 1960s trend for androgynous shifts and mini skirts. She told a correspondent for The Times (/wiki/The_Times) in January 1965 that models had neglected their waistlines, adding: "I had to interview more than 20 girls for the show before I found one with a waist as slender as 23 inches". [3] (#cite_note-The_Times_250165-3) In 1966, Delanghe withdrew her membership from IncSoc – this at a time when the whole British couture industry was struggling due to high taxation, a shrinking customer base and the rise of ready-to-wear. [15] (#cite_note-Guardian_Adburgham_150766-15) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Delanghe,_death_notice_1-0) "Delanghe". The Times . The Times Digital Archive Web. 29 May 1971. ^ (#cite_ref-Shopping_News_(SandC)_Timewell_2-0) Timewell, Lorraine. "The story of a dress" (http://sheepandchick.blogspot.co.uk/2014/02/angele-delanghe.html) . sheepandchick.blogspot.co.uk . Shopping News, November 1947; reproduced sheepandchick . Retrieved 15 September 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b staff (25 January 1965). "Collection notebook: Summing up the London Fashion Shows". The Times . No. 56228. The Times Digital Media Library. ^ (#cite_ref-War_Paint_Woodhead_4-0) Woodhead, Lindy (2003). War Paint: Madame Helena Rubinstein and Miss Elizabeth Arden Their Lives . London: Virago. p. 259. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0471487783 . Retrieved 17 September 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Waddell, Gavin (2004). How Fashion Works: Couture, Ready-to-Wear and Mass Production . Oxford: Blackwell Science. pp. 175–7. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780632057528 . Retrieved 9 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-NY_Sun_MacGowan_6-0) MacGowan, Wendy (29 January 1947). "Two designers show jointly" (http://fultonhistory.com/Newspaper%2018/New%20York%20NY%20Sun/New%20York%20NY%20Sun%201947/New%20York%20NY%20Sun%201947%20-%200861.pdf) (PDF) . The New York Sun . Retrieved 15 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Times_090248_7-0) special correspondent (9 February 1948). "Spring and summer fashions: varying skirt lengths". The Times . No. 50990, pg 2. ^ (#cite_ref-F&M_8-0) "Angele deLanghe's Arrangement" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140710154047/http://www.fortnumandmason.com/p-9960-angele-delanghes-arrangement.aspx) . fortnumandmason.com . Fortnum & Mason. Archived from the original (http://www.fortnumandmason.com/p-9960-angele-delanghes-arrangement.aspx) on 10 July 2014 . Retrieved 15 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Fortnum_&_Mason_story_of_millinery_9-0) "The story of Fortnum's Millinery Department" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140924041933/http://www.fortnumandmason.com/c-1599-the-story-of-fortnums-millinery-department.aspx) . fortnumandmason.com . Fortnum & Mason. Archived from the original (http://www.fortnumandmason.com/c-1599-the-story-of-fortnums-millinery-department.aspx) on 24 September 2014 . Retrieved 22 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_030849_10-0) our special correspondent (3 August 1949). "Fashions for autumn: London Designers' new models". The Times . No. 51450. The Times Digital Media Library. ^ (#cite_ref-Times_310150_11-0) "Spring Fashions: More colour in designs". The Times . No. 51603. The Times Digital Media Library. 31 January 1950. ^ (#cite_ref-Times_classifieds_1154_12-0) "Angele Delanghe showing daily at 3pm". The Times . No. 53097. 24 November 1954. ^ (#cite_ref-Times_classifieds_0556_13-0) "Angele Delange invites you to the 'save and dress better' salon". The Times . No. 53531. 15 May 1956. ^ Jump up to: a b Adburgham, Alison (22 July 1961). "The London Collections". The Guardian. ProQuest. ^ (#cite_ref-Guardian_Adburgham_150766_15-0) Adburgham, Alison (15 July 1966). "Has couture a future?". The Guardian. ProQuest. 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Fashion model walks the runway during the Maaji Swimwear fashion show at the Mercedes Benz Fashion Week Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Miami is an annual fashion week (/wiki/Fashion_week) held in Miami, Florida (/wiki/Miami,_Florida) , United States (/wiki/United_States) . Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week (/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Fashion_Week) Miami, not to be confused with Miami Fashion Week (/wiki/Miami_Fashion_Week) , is held every year during the Summer at the Raleigh Hotel at 1775 Collins Avenue in South Beach (/wiki/South_Beach) , Miami Beach (/wiki/Miami_Beach) . Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Miami works together with New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) , and is the country's largest, and most important fashion week for swimwear. IMG (/wiki/IMG_(company)) whom first brought its runway event to South Beach in 2004, had an ongoing partnership with Mercedes-Benz. [1] (#cite_note-1) However, due to changes in ownership, as IMG was acquired by William Morris Endeavor (/wiki/William_Morris_Endeavor) and Silver Lake Partners (/wiki/Silver_Lake_Partners) in a $2.2 billion deal, [2] (#cite_note-2) the agency lost Mercedes-Benz as a title sponsor. [3] (#cite_note-3) The show was cancelled for 2015 but will resume in 2016 after re-branding the popular event. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Mercedes Benz Fashion Week Swim 2015" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151217020805/http://www.jamessantiagophotography.com/mercedes-benz-fashion-week-swim/) . Fashion Photography . Archived from the original (http://www.jamessantiagophotography.com/mercedes-benz-fashion-week-swim/) on 2015-12-17 . Retrieved 2015-12-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "UPDATE: WME Brass Welcome IMG Staffers As Acquisition Deal Closes" (http://www.deadline.com/2013/12/wme-silver-lake-acquire-img-worldwide/) . Deadline . 7 May 2014 . Retrieved 2015-12-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Klein, Alyssa Vingan (May 11, 2015). "Miami's Fashion Week Swim Is Going on Hiatus" (http://fashionista.com/2015/05/img-swim-week-miami-postponed) . Fashionista . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://web.archive.org/web/20090216212412/http://www.mbfashionweek.com/miami/) v t e Fashion weeks (/wiki/Fashion_week) By location "Big four" New York (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) London (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) Milan (/wiki/Milan_Fashion_Week) Paris (/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week) Others Amsterdam (/wiki/Amsterdam_Fashion_Week) Australia (/wiki/Australian_Fashion_Week) Boston (/wiki/Boston_Fashion_Week) Brisbane (/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Fashion_Festival_Brisbane) Berlin (/wiki/Berlin_Fashion_Week) Colombo (/wiki/Colombo_Fashion_Week) Copenhagen (/wiki/Copenhagen_Fashion_Week) Detroit (/wiki/Detroit_Fashion_Week) India (/wiki/India_Fashion_Week) Jakarta (/wiki/Jakarta_Fashion_Week) Kuala Lumpur (/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur_Fashion_Week) Lagos (/wiki/Lagos_Fashion_Week) Lahore and Karachi (/wiki/PFDC_Sunsilk_Fashion_Week) Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Fashion_Week) Madrid (/wiki/Madrid_Fashion_Week) Malta (/w/index.php?title=Malta_Fashion_Week&action=edit&redlink=1) Mexico City (/wiki/Fashion_Week_Mexico_City) Miami New Zealand (/wiki/New_Zealand_Fashion_Week) Ottawa (/wiki/Ottawa_Fashion_Week) Port Harcourt, Nigeria (/wiki/Port_Harcourt_International_Fashion_Week) Rio de Janeiro (/wiki/Rio_Fashion_Week) São Paulo (/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Fashion_Week) Sibiu, Romania (/wiki/Feeric_Fashion_Week) Singapore (/wiki/Singapore_Fashion_Week) Shanghai (/wiki/Shanghai_Fashion_Week) Shenzhen (/w/index.php?title=Shenzhen_Fashion_Week&action=edit&redlink=1) Tbilisi (/wiki/Tbilisi_Fashion_Week) Toronto (/wiki/Toronto_Fashion_Week) Vancouver (/wiki/Vancouver_Fashion_Week) Yangon, Myanmar (/wiki/Myanmar_International_Fashion_Week) See also List of fashion events (/wiki/List_of_fashion_events) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) This fashion (/wiki/Fashion) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mercedes-Benz_Fashion_Week_Miami&action=edit) . v t e This article related to Miami (/wiki/Miami) is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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