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Reese Cooper Born November 1998 Jacksonville, Florida Occupation Fashion Designer Website https://reese-cooper.com/ (https://reese-cooper.com/) Reese Cooper is a fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_design) born in Jacksonville, Florida (/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida) . [1] (#cite_note-:2-1) He launched his eponymous brand in 2016 without training or attending fashion school. In 2019 he was named as the youngest-ever finalist for the CFDA (/wiki/Council_of_Fashion_Designers_of_America) Vogue Fashion fund. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) He debuted his first full collection in 2018 at Paris Fashion Week (/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week) . [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) His work has been described as fusing "the preppy, poppy Americana (/wiki/Americana_(culture)) of Polo Ralph Lauren (/wiki/Ralph_Lauren_Corporation) with the [outdoorsy] functionality of Patagonia (/wiki/Patagonia,_Inc.) ." [3] (#cite_note-3) Early life and design inspirations [ edit ] Reese Cooper was born in Jacksonville, Florida (/wiki/Jacksonville,_Florida) and raised in Atlanta (/wiki/Atlanta) , before moving to London at age 11. [1] (#cite_note-:2-1) Cooper's interest in design and creativity started from a young age. [4] (#cite_note-:3-4) When speaking with Esquire (/wiki/Esquire_(magazine)) he cited schooling and his family as impacting the way he viewed creativity: "I knew I wanted to make stuff. I didn't know it would be clothes, but in the regular education system you're not really taught that you can just go make stuff regardless of what it is. I always had a fascination with how things are made through spending a lot of time with my grandfather when I was younger. He made everything that they need at the house.” [4] (#cite_note-:3-4) The first brand Cooper "gravitated towards" in 2015 was A Bathing Ape (/wiki/A_Bathing_Ape) , where he interned initially at the London store. Cooper describes living in London in his mid-teens seeing the brand for the first time and being drawn to an item's “super-bright, vibrant camo [print], and I just had no idea what it was. But I was super-attracted to it. I found out there was a store not 5 miles from me, so I ended up just hanging out there.” [1] (#cite_note-:2-1) After interning at the London store, he moved to intern in the company's distribution office and marketing agency, separately titled "A Number of Names." [5] (#cite_note-:02-5) The company also provided management and PR to brands such as Cav Empt, Billonare Boys Club, which taught him early on that there was "more to making clothes than just putting them in a store." [5] (#cite_note-:02-5) As for other inspirations and brands he admires, Cooper also cites Ralph Lauren as one of his favourite brands due to the expansive universe that the brand has created. He has said that "early Off-White (/wiki/Off-White_(company)) " by the late Virgil Abloh (/wiki/Virgil_Abloh) was "incredibly inspiring" to him at a young age. [5] (#cite_note-:02-5) Reese Cooper Brand [ edit ] Starting out and early collections [ edit ] In 2016, when Cooper was eighteen, he released his first capsule collection. [1] (#cite_note-:2-1) Titled "Spoiled Children," it consisted of a few T-shirts and jackets, a hoodie, a sweater and a pair of pants, and was inspired by the kids he grew up with. His next collection, "Seneca Arts Club" was also autobiographical. “The theme of that collection was basically that I didn’t go to school for this,” describes Cooper. “So I wanted something that represented the college of not going to college.” [1] (#cite_note-:2-1) As his collections developed, themes of storytelling, " collegiate (/wiki/Take_Ivy) nostalgia, Americana (/wiki/Americana_(culture)) and work-wear (/wiki/Workwear) influences" found themselves repeating and becoming integral to the brand. [ peacock prose ] List of full collections [ edit ] AW18 Menswear "Lone Pine" SS19 Menswear "Fever Dream" Pre-fall 2019 Menswear "Against The Wind" AW19 Menswear "Hitchhiking" AW19 Womenswear "Big Sky" SS20 Menswear "How A Letter Travels" SS20 Womenswear "Water's Edge" AW20 Menswear "If A Tree Falls" AW20 Womenswear "Wind Chill" SS21 "River Runs Through" AW21 "PYROPHYTE" SS22 "Fresh Air" AW22 "Two Steps Forward" SS23 "Seed & Soil" AW23 "Desire Paths" [6] (#cite_note-6) List of Capsule Collections [ edit ] "Spoiled Children" [7] (#cite_note-7) "Seneca Arts Club" "Water is More Precious Than Gold" - 2017 Levi's (/wiki/Levi_Strauss_%26_Co.) X Reese Cooper - 2022 Merrell (/wiki/Merrell_(company)) X Reese Cooper - 2022 and 2023 Initiatives [ edit ] Flint Child Health & Development Fund [ edit ] In 2017, as part of his "Water is More Precious Than Gold" collection, Cooper released a line of "screen-printed T-shirts and hoodies that benefitted the Flint Child Health & Development Fund." [8] (#cite_note-:1-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) RCI DIY [ edit ] RCI DIY was a project Cooper started during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) . Using deadstock waste fabric from cancelled orders from various fabric mills, the project provided customers with an all-inclusive package of pre-cut fabrics that people could sew together at home to create a chore jacket (/wiki/Chore_jacket) . [5] (#cite_note-:02-5) The project launched with just 20 units in stock, but after they sold out within 9 seconds of going live on his website, more were produced. In total over 1400 units were sold, "giving people the knowledge" to make their own clothes themselves through an " open-source (/wiki/Open_source) process," showing people that making clothes is "not rocket science." [5] (#cite_note-:02-5) Cooper described the project as a way to inspire and empower creatives to "pay forward" what he has learnt. [5] (#cite_note-:02-5) From being inspired by the pathways that Off-White (/wiki/Off-White_(company)) laid to him, RCI DIY sought to similarly provide insights to younger creatives and to teach them about the process of making clothes. For Cooper, Bringing young creatives closer to the production of clothing helps provide insight into the world of making clothes, and that not all designers have to follow the path of studying at Central Saint Martins (/wiki/Central_Saint_Martins) , then going to "work at [a] fashion house for tens years" before "starting your own label." The project has been compared to similar product lines, such as Swedish brand's Our Legacy's "WORK SHOP" line which started out making one-off items using leftover fabrics. [5] (#cite_note-:02-5) Create Now [ edit ] Cooper's Spring/Summer 2021 collection "River Runs Through" included a T-shirt which raised funds for Create Now, an "organisation focused on generating art programs in underprivileged areas in L.A." [8] (#cite_note-:1-8) The National Forest Foundation [ edit ] For Cooper's Autumn/Winter 2021 collection, [10] (#cite_note-10) as part of Paris Fashion Week (/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week) online, his show was recorded at Mount Wilson Observatory (/wiki/Mount_Wilson_Observatory) in Los Angeles, California (/wiki/Los_Angeles) . As part of the "Pyrophyte" collection, Cooper worked with the Mount Wilson Observatory and the National Forest Foundation (/wiki/National_Forest_Foundation) "to create a few items to raise money to support the Observatory and Southern California’s National Forests," where 100% of the proceeds from these items went to the Mt. Wilson & NFF. [11] (#cite_note-11) Notable wearers [ edit ] Early in the brand's infancy one of Cooper's designs was worn by Idris Elba. It provided a teachable moment to Cooper, [ peacock prose ] highlighting the importance of visible branding on certain items to allow products to gain traction. [5] (#cite_note-:02-5) [12] (#cite_note-12) In the music video for Hot (Young Thug song) (/wiki/Hot_(Young_Thug_song)) remix, Travis Scott (/wiki/Travis_Scott) can be seen wearing a Reese Cooper Varsity jacket. The production team reportedly acquired three of the jacket for the music video for Scott (/wiki/Travis_Scott) and the shoot, most likely as back-ups for if the jacket was damaged, as a sleeve of the jacket is seen to be on fire during the music video. [5] (#cite_note-:02-5) [13] (#cite_note-13) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d e Tschorn, Adam (2019-05-17). "Reese Cooper is designing tomorrow's heritage brand today" (https://www.latimes.com/fashion/la-ig-reese-cooper-designer-profile-20190517-story.html) . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 2024-05-16 . ^ a b "Reese Cooper" (https://www.forbes.com/profile/reese-cooper/) . Forbes . Retrieved 2023-12-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Teasdale, Charlie (2021-02-13). "Reese Cooper: "I'm Only Happy Here When It's Raining" (https://www.esquire.com/uk/style/fashion/a35431144/reese-cooper-interview/) " (https://www.esquire.com/uk/style/fashion/a35431144/reese-cooper-interview/) . Esquire . Retrieved 2023-12-06 . ^ a b Fenimore, Christopher (2022-10-14). "Five Fits With: Fashion Designer Reese Cooper" (https://www.esquire.com/style/mens-fashion/a41614922/reese-cooper-five-fits-with/) . Esquire . Retrieved 2024-05-16 . ^ a b c d e f g h i Throwing Fits. "The Lowest Form of Conversation with Reese Cooper." Spotify . https://open.spotify.com/episode/4Q1KZO8SGeIjAXxjGpWPHS?si=fa66c83f50d141dd (https://open.spotify.com/episode/4Q1KZO8SGeIjAXxjGpWPHS?si=fa66c83f50d141dd) ^ (#cite_ref-6) Nast, Condé. "Reese Cooper News, Collections, Fashion Shows, Fashion Week Reviews, and More" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/designer/reese-cooper) . Vogue . Retrieved 2024-05-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Pearson, Daniel (2019-08-23). "Fashion Wunderkind Reese Cooper Shares His Biggest Tips for Aspiring Designers" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/reese-cooper-tips-young-designers/) . Highsnobiety . Retrieved 2024-05-16 . ^ a b Jordan, Eliza (2021-02-05). "How Reese Cooper is Creating Functional Fashion from a DIY Mindset" (https://whitewall.art/fashion/how-reese-cooper-is-creating-functional-fashion-from-a-diy-mindset/) . Whitewall . Retrieved 2024-05-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Yeung, Helena (2017-05-17). "Reese Cooper's Hoodie Hopes to End the Flint Water Crisis" (https://hypebeast.com/2017/5/reese-cooper-flint-water-crisis-hoodie) . Hypebeast . Retrieved 2024-05-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Cooper, Reese. The Making of "Pyrophyte," AW21 Runway Show . Retrieved 2024-05-14 – via www.youtube.com. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Cooper, Reese. "The National Forest Foundation." RCI Newstand. https://reese-cooper.com/blogs/newsstand/aw21-show-capsule (https://reese-cooper.com/blogs/newsstand/aw21-show-capsule) ^ (#cite_ref-12) Clark, Murray. "Idris Elba shows you how to wear logos." Esquire. https://www.esquireme.com/style/fashion/31722-idris-elba-shows-you-how-to-wear-logos (https://www.esquireme.com/style/fashion/31722-idris-elba-shows-you-how-to-wear-logos) ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Travis Scott On The Set of Young Thugs 'Hot' Remix Music Video" (https://incorporatedstyle.com/image/travis-scott-on-the-set-of-young-thugs-hot-remix-music-video/) . INC STYLE . Retrieved 2024-05-14 . 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Rendering was triggered because: diff-page esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reese_Cooper_(designer)&oldid=1235064363 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reese_Cooper_(designer)&oldid=1235064363) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : American fashion designers (/wiki/Category:American_fashion_designers) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Hidden categories: Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) All articles with peacock terms (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_peacock_terms) Articles with peacock terms from May 2024 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_peacock_terms_from_May_2024) Year of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_(living_people))
Ukrainian model This biography of a living person (/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons) needs additional citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help by adding reliable sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) . Contentious material (/wiki/Wikipedia:BLPREMOVE) about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced (/wiki/Wikipedia:QUESTIONABLE) must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous (/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel) . Find sources: "Alyona Osmanova" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Alyona+Osmanova%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Alyona+Osmanova%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Alyona+Osmanova%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Alyona+Osmanova%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Alyona+Osmanova%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Alyona+Osmanova%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( December 2013 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Alyona Osmanova Born Альона Османова ( 1988-03-31 ) March 31, 1988 (age 36) Ukrainian SSR (/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic) Occupation Model Years active 2006–present Modeling information Height 5 ft 11 in / 180 cm [1] (#cite_note-FMD-1) Hair color Light brown [1] (#cite_note-FMD-1) Eye color Blue [1] (#cite_note-FMD-1) Agency Girls Girls (Ukraine), Blow (France) Alyona Osmanova ( Russian (/wiki/Russian_language) : Алёна Османова ; Ukrainian (/wiki/Ukrainian_language) : Альона Османова ; born March 31, 1988) is a Ukrainian model (/wiki/Model_(person)) . Career [ edit ] Beginning [ edit ] Osmanova's first major fashion credit was for V magazine (/wiki/V_(American_magazine)) in 2006. Osmanova made her catwalk debut in the Spring 2007 season, walking for top designers Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) , Vera Wang (/wiki/Vera_Wang) , Prada (/wiki/Prada) , Miu Miu (/wiki/Miu_Miu) , Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) and Givenchy (/wiki/Givenchy) . In December 2006, she appeared in both Teen Vogue (/wiki/Teen_Vogue) and its Korean equivalent. (/wiki/Vogue_Girl) [2] (#cite_note-nymag-2) 2007 [ edit ] Osmanova was photographed by Xevi Muntane for the February issue of Dazed and Confused (/wiki/Dazed) . In the Fall 2007 season, she walked for Jonathan Saunders (/wiki/Jonathan_Saunders) , John Galliano (/wiki/John_Galliano) and Max Mara (/wiki/Max_Mara) . In March, Osmanova appeared in the March editions of both Vogue Russia (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) and V (/wiki/V_(American_magazine)) , the latter of which contained a controversial shot in which Osmanova kisses Rachel Alexander (/wiki/Rachel_Alexander) . In July, she was shot by Sølve Sundsbø (/wiki/S%C3%B8lve_Sundsb%C3%B8) for Harper’s Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%E2%80%99s_Bazaar) . Osmanova appeared in the August issue of Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) . In September, she landed a Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) campaign shot by Juergen Teller (/wiki/Juergen_Teller) and the cover of Oprah (/wiki/Oprah_(magazine)) . She appeared in the October issues of both Dazed and Confused and T Style , the fashion supplement of the New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . 2008 [ edit ] In 2008, Osmanova walked for designers such as Donna Karan (/wiki/Donna_Karan) , Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen_(brand)) , Proenza Schouler (/wiki/Proenza_Schouler) , Christian Lacroix (/wiki/Christian_Lacroix) , Viktor & Rolf (/wiki/Viktor_%26_Rolf) and Tibi (/wiki/Tibi_(fashion_brand)) . She shot alongside Tanya Dziahileva (/wiki/Tanya_Dziahileva) and Hyoni Kang (/wiki/Hyoni_Kang) for Lacoste (/wiki/Lacoste) , as well a solo campaign for Donna Karan, and appeared in various magazines throughout the year including Harper’s Bazaar, Vogue Germany (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , Numéro (/wiki/Num%C3%A9ro) , 10, Flair and Tush . This same year, Osmanova replaced Inguna Butane (/wiki/Inguna_Butane) as the face of Bottega Veneta (/wiki/Bottega_Veneta) . 2009 onwards [ edit ] After four years at Supreme, Osmanova signed a contract with Ford Models (/wiki/Ford_Models) . In 2009, she walked for Carolina Herrera (/wiki/Carolina_Herrera_(fashion_designer)) and Jason Wu (/wiki/Jason_Wu) , and appeared in the March editions of Dazed & Confused (/wiki/Dazed_%26_Confused_(magazine)) , Elle Italy (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) , and Vogue Italia (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) . For a period of time, Osmanova moved into plus-size modelling (/wiki/Plus-size_model) , switching to Ford Models’ Plus division. Osmanova moved back into editorial modelling after losing weight, signing a contract with Women Management (/wiki/Women_Management) in 2013. In February of the same year she made a return to the catwalk at the Giorgio Armani (/wiki/Giorgio_Armani) show. Personal life [ edit ] Osmanova is close friends with fellow models Anabela Belikova, Irina Kulikova (/wiki/Irina_Kulikova) , Alana Zimmer, Suvi Koponen (/wiki/Suvi_Koponen) , Evelina Mambetova (/wiki/Evelina_Mambetova) , and Vika Kuropyatnikova, with whom she often works. References [ edit ] ^ a b c "Alyona Osmanova" (http://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/alyona_osmanova/) . Fashion Model Directory (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) . Retrieved 2014-12-17 . ^ (#cite_ref-nymag_2-0) "Alyona Osmanova" (https://web.archive.org/web/20131227180845/http://nymag.com/fashion/models/aosmanova/alyonaosmanova/) . New York Magazine (/wiki/New_York_(magazine)) . Archived from the original (http://nymag.com/fashion/models/aosmanova/alyonaosmanova/) on December 27, 2013 . Retrieved December 25, 2013 . External links [ edit ] Alyona Osmanova (http://models.com/models/alyona) at Models.com Alyona Osmanova (https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/alyona_osmanova/) at Fashion Model Directory (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) Alyona Osmanova (http://nymag.com/fashion/models/aosmanova/alyonaosmanova/) at NYmag.com (/wiki/New_York_(magazine)) Alyona Osmanova (https://web.archive.org/web/20131226114427/http://www.style.com/peopleparties/modelsearch/person3864) photos at Style.com (/wiki/Style.com) (archived) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐dfb86547b‐h7fs7 Cached time: 20240710195448 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.355 seconds Real time usage: 0.520 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2193/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 24357/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2536/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 13175/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.264/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 19614665/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 488.313 1 -total 33.59% 164.047 1 Template:Infobox_model 17.43% 85.109 1 Template:Reflist 16.26% 79.401 1 Template:Lang-ru 15.14% 73.931 2 Template:Cite_web 12.66% 61.803 1 Template:BLP_sources 12.18% 59.453 1 Template:Short_description 11.58% 56.569 1 Template:Ambox 7.64% 37.325 1 Template:Infobox 7.05% 34.420 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:41459866-0!canonical and timestamp 20240710195448 and revision id 1214592535. 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Cosmetics brand launched by Rihanna Fenty Beauty LLC A Fenty Beauty display at Sephora (/wiki/Sephora) on September 23, 2017, shortly after launch Trade name (/wiki/Trade_name) FENTY BEAUTY Industry Cosmetics Founded September 8, 2017 ; 6 years ago ( 2017-09-08 ) Founder Robyn Rihanna Fenty (/wiki/Rihanna) Headquarters 425 Market Street, 19th Floor, San Francisco (/wiki/San_Francisco) , California, United States Area served Worldwide Key people Rihanna (Founder, CEO, Owner), Jahleel Weaver (/wiki/Jahleel_Weaver) (Creative Director) Products Cosmetics (/wiki/Cosmetics) Owner Robyn Rihanna Fenty (50%) LVMH (/wiki/LVMH) (50%) Number of employees 200 Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) Kendo Holdings LVMH (/wiki/LVMH) Fenty Corp Website fentybeauty (http://fentybeauty.com) .com (http://fentybeauty.com) Fenty Beauty (stylized as FEИTY BEAUTY ) is a cosmetics (/wiki/Cosmetics) brand by Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) , that was launched on September 8, 2017. Popular for its broad inclusivity across various skin tones, its Pro Filt'R foundation (/wiki/Foundation_(cosmetics)) became high-demand upon first release. The original foundation launch included 40 shades, and has since expanded to 50. The inclusion of Fenty Beauty concealer includes 50 shades, offering a wide variety for all skin types. Background [ edit ] In June 2013, Rihanna trademarked her surname, Fenty, for use on various and more products, leading to speculation that she would begin working on endeavors other than her music. [1] (#cite_note-1) Fenty Beauty was among these new trademarks. [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) Rihanna launched Fenty Beauty in 2017, when she was 29 years old. [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) Previously, she had collaborated with MAC Cosmetics (/wiki/MAC_Cosmetics) , [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) as well as released 10 fragrances via Parlux Ltd, [7] (#cite_note-:4-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) but Fenty Beauty was her first solo cosmetics brand. [10] (#cite_note-:6-10) She developed the line with luxury conglomerate Louis Vuitton Moët Hennessey (/wiki/Louis_Vuitton_Mo%C3%ABt_Hennessey) (LVMH), signing a deal in 2016, to produce Fenty Beauty through LVMH's Kendo division. [7] (#cite_note-:4-7) Kendo Holdings, Inc, is an "incubator" company that manufactures cosmetics as white-label products (/wiki/White-label_product) [11] (#cite_note-11) for sale through cosmetics retailer Sephora (/wiki/Sephora) , another LVMH subsidiary, as well as other outlets. [7] (#cite_note-:4-7) Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) reported that LVMH may have paid $10 million (USD) for the agreement, which followed on Kendo deals to produce Marc Jacobs Beauty (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) and Kat Von D Beauty (/wiki/Kat_Von_D) lines. [7] (#cite_note-:4-7) Rihanna created Fenty Beauty to provide an inclusive range for all skin tones, including extensive shade offerings for people with deeper skin tones. [12] (#cite_note-12) History [ edit ] Launch [ edit ] In the UK, Fenty Beauty was initially exclusive to Harvey Nichols (/wiki/Harvey_Nichols) department stores. Fenty Beauty's first products went on sale on September 8, 2017. [13] (#cite_note-13) The launch coincided with Rihanna's collaboration with Puma (/wiki/Puma_(brand)) during New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) . In the United States (/wiki/United_States) , the line launched in Sephora stores, on the Sephora website, and on Fenty Beauty's website. In the United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) , Fenty Beauty was exclusive to Harvey Nichols (/wiki/Harvey_Nichols) department stores [14] (#cite_note-14) until May 2019, where the line would also become available in the high street chemist (/wiki/Pharmacist) Boots UK (/wiki/Boots_UK) . [15] (#cite_note-15) Currently, Fenty Beauty is available in 17 countries. [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) 2017–2018 [ edit ] Fenty Beauty products have drawn international praise for the range of shades offered, [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) [21] (#cite_note-21) [22] (#cite_note-22) [23] (#cite_note-23) particularly for the inclusion of darker shades for its Pro Filt'R foundation (/wiki/Foundation_(cosmetics)) , [24] (#cite_note-24) addressing a long-criticized gap in cosmetic industry offerings for black women and other women of color. Many brands soon followed Fenty's example after their initial release and added more inclusive shades to their own collections. [25] (#cite_note-:0-25) [26] (#cite_note-26) Subsequent launches of new products and lines have been widely criticized for their lack of inclusive shades and overall failure to meet the new standards set by Fenty Beauty, such as Kim Kardashian (/wiki/Kim_Kardashian) 's line KKW Beauty, [27] (#cite_note-27) [28] (#cite_note-28) Tarte (/wiki/Tarte_Cosmetics) 's Shape Tape Foundation, [25] (#cite_note-:0-25) and Benefit (/wiki/Benefit_Cosmetics) 's Hello Happy Foundation. [29] (#cite_note-29) Rihanna in a promotional campaign for Fenty in 2018 On November 23, 2017, the first Stunna Lip Paint, a red long-wear liquid lipstick, was released, drawing broad enthusiasm. [30] (#cite_note-30) [31] (#cite_note-31) [32] (#cite_note-:2-32) [33] (#cite_note-33) [34] (#cite_note-34) Reviewing the product at BuzzFeed News (/wiki/BuzzFeed_News) , Leticia Miranda noted the history of controversy around red lipstick for women of color, stating the context made the choice of color for Stunna "assertive, confrontational, unapologetic". [35] (#cite_note-:5-35) Following the release of the original red Stunna Lip Paint, Fenty Beauty released four more lip paints in baby pink, peach nude, chocolate brown, and black. [36] (#cite_note-36) On March 23, 2018, the brand launched a limited-edition highlighter (/wiki/Highlighter_(cosmetics)) called, "Dirty Thirty", for Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) 's 30th birthday. [37] (#cite_note-37) Taken from the line's popular Killawatt Freestyle Highlighter "Trophy Wife" (metallic gold), [38] (#cite_note-38) "Dirty Thirty" was packaged with XXX (the Roman numerals for 30) instead of the brand's FB logo. [39] (#cite_note-39) On April 6, 2018, Fenty Beauty released three products in its Beach, Please collection. Fenty Beauty's first body product "Body Lava", a liquid product that could be buffed into any part of the body for illumination. [40] (#cite_note-40) To apply the Body Lava, the Kabuki Brush is available for purchase separately. Meanwhile, the Fairy Bomb Glittering Pom Pom is both applicator and product: the vanilla-coconut scented pom pom was packed with rose gold glitter designed to fit all skin tones. [41] (#cite_note-:11-41) Shortly after the luminizer products were released, Fenty Beauty launched in Saudi Arabia. [42] (#cite_note-:14-42) On October 4, 2018, Fenty Beauty launched their winter collection "ChillOwt", [43] (#cite_note-:15-43) which included a variety of winter-themed and cool-toned products. This collection included the Killawatt Foil Palette [44] (#cite_note-44) (highlighter palette with seven metallic shades), [45] (#cite_note-45) "Snow Daze" and "Snow Nights" (two lipstick sets), and sets of crayons for lip and eye and "Avalanche Powders" (loose pigmented powder). [43] (#cite_note-:15-43) 2019–2020 [ edit ] On January 11, 2019, Fenty Beauty launched Pro Filt’r Instant Retouch Concealer in 50 shades. [46] (#cite_note-46) Additionally, the Pro Filt’r Foundation added 10 new shades, [47] (#cite_note-47) with the concealer and foundation shades corresponding with the same number. The Pro Filt’r Instant Retouch Setting Powder (setting powder product) was also released in eight translucent shades, as well as a series of beauty tools, including Powder Puff Setting Brush 170, Precision Concealer Brush 180, and Lil Precision Makeup Sponge Duo 105. [48] (#cite_note-48) 2022–Present [ edit ] On February 17, 2022, Rihanna announced that Ulta Beauty (/wiki/Ulta_Beauty) stores would begin carrying Fenty Beauty products beginning March 6, 2022. [49] (#cite_note-49) On May 10, 2022, Rihanna announced that Fenty Beauty would be available in 8 African countries, Ghana (/wiki/Ghana) , Kenya (/wiki/Kenya) , Botswana (/wiki/Botswana) , South Africa (/wiki/South_Africa) , Namibia (/wiki/Namibia) , Nigeria (/wiki/Nigeria) , Zambia (/wiki/Zambia) , and Zimbabwe (/wiki/Zimbabwe) on May 27, 2022. [50] (#cite_note-50) In August 2022, Madison Beer (/wiki/Madison_Beer) was announced as the latest ambassador of Fenty Beauty joining Madison Bailey (/wiki/Madison_Bailey) , Kane Lim, and Nikita Kering (/wiki/Nikita_Kering) . [51] (#cite_note-51) In 2023, Fenty Beauty provided experiences within Roblox (/wiki/Roblox) , including user-creation of their own Fenty products. [52] (#cite_note-52) On October 1, 2023, Fenty Beauty began being sold at Ulta Beauty inside Target stores. [53] (#cite_note-53) On April 1,2024,Rihanna announced that Fenty Beauty would be launching in mainland China. [54] (#cite_note-54) Pricing [ edit ] The initial products released by Fenty Beauty were seen as reasonably priced (compared to other prestige brands) [55] (#cite_note-55) [56] (#cite_note-:12-56) and accessible to a broad range of consumers, [57] (#cite_note-57) following Rihanna's approach to her fragrance releases. Marketing [ edit ] Rihanna in a promotional video for Fenty Beauty in 2018 In the brand's first month, Fenty Beauty recorded $72.0 million in earned media value, [58] (#cite_note-58) ahead of other high-profile brands including Kylie Cosmetics (/wiki/Kylie_Cosmetics) , Benefit (/wiki/Benefit_Cosmetics) , Urban Decay (/wiki/Urban_Decay_(cosmetics)) , KKW Beauty and, NYX (/wiki/NYX_Cosmetics) . [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) Also in the brand's first month, Fenty Beauty-related content received 132 million views on YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . [59] (#cite_note-59) In February 2018, Fenty Beauty released an ad featuring rapper Saweetie (/wiki/Saweetie) that showed a group of women getting ready to attend the Super Bowl (/wiki/Super_Bowl) . [60] (#cite_note-60) The spot drew enthusiasm for its send-up of the award-winning 1990s Budweiser (/wiki/Budweiser) ad campaign " Whassup (/wiki/Whassup%3F) " (in which a group of men acknowledged one another only by repeating an intoxicatedly slurred "What's up?" over and over), but the Fenty version also attracted some criticism as the women greeted each other in "Whassup"-style drawl with the word " bitch (/wiki/Bitch_(slang)) ". [61] (#cite_note-61) Rihanna performed at the 2023 Super Bowl Halftime Show where she featured Fenty Beauty to touch up her makeup. [62] (#cite_note-62) The feature reportedly earned the brand $5.6 million within 12 hours. [63] (#cite_note-63) Diversity [ edit ] As with the product line, Fenty Beauty also drew international acclaim for diversity in its advertising campaign, which prominently featured numerous black models and other models of color. [56] (#cite_note-:12-56) Faces of the initial Fenty Beauty campaign included Slick Woods (/wiki/Slick_Woods) , Halima Aden (/wiki/Halima_Aden) , Leomie Anderson (/wiki/Leomie_Anderson) , Indyamarie Jean, Paloma Elsesser (/wiki/Paloma_Elsesser) , Selena Forrest (/wiki/Selena_Forrest) , Camila Costa, and Duckie Thot (/wiki/Duckie_Thot) . [64] (#cite_note-64) Soon after Rihanna released her line, other brands such as Make Up For Ever (/wiki/Make_Up_For_Ever) and L'Oréal (/wiki/L%27Or%C3%A9al) started ad campaigns aimed at women of color. [65] (#cite_note-:13-65) Fenty Beauty has embraced makeup use across gender lines, [66] (#cite_note-66) producing an ad in March 2018, called "My Fenty, My Mood", in which Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) star and comedian Kway plays his comic character Titi promoting the brand. [67] (#cite_note-67) [68] (#cite_note-:8-68) Also in March 2018, Daniel Kaluuya (/wiki/Daniel_Kaluuya) , nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor (/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor) for his starring role in Get Out (/wiki/Get_Out) , appeared on the Oscar red carpet wearing Fenty Beauty's Pro Filt'R Foundation (specifically, shades 480 and 490). [69] (#cite_note-69) Time magazine described him as looking "luminous"; [70] (#cite_note-70) in the UK edition of The Huffington Post (/wiki/The_Huffington_Post) , Patricia Ekall said his "dewy glow brought the "no-makeup-makeup look" to another level." [71] (#cite_note-:10-71) Several outlets noted men's use of makeup was "not unusual", but said the news nevertheless "pleasantly surprised" fans. [71] (#cite_note-:10-71) [72] (#cite_note-:9-72) Rihanna has drawn some criticism for failing to cast transgender (/wiki/Transgender) models in Fenty Beauty campaigns. [68] (#cite_note-:8-68) In response, she invoked a desire to avoid tokenism (/wiki/Tokenism) and respect privacy, stating: "...worked with many gifted trans women throughout the years. However, I don't go around doing trans castings! Just like I don't do straight non-trans women castings! I respect all women, and whether they're trans or not is none of my business! It's personal and some trans women are more comfortable being open about it than others so I have to respect that as a woman myself! I don't think it's fair that a trans woman, or man, be used as a convenient marketing tool!" [73] (#cite_note-73) Fenty Beauty did make a sponsored post on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) with transgender model Rose Montoya (/wiki/Rose_Montoya) . [74] (#cite_note-74) They later partnered with transgender model and social media influencer Emira D'Spain (/wiki/Emira_D%27Spain) . [75] (#cite_note-girlsunited-75) Sales [ edit ] Within one month of release, Fenty Beauty's sales were valued at $72 million, [76] (#cite_note-:3-76) and sold-out products widely reported, with darker shades of foundation particularly in demand (shoppers noted even testers were often gone from stores.) [77] (#cite_note-77) In the UK, the line became Harvey Nichols (/wiki/Harvey_Nichols) 's biggest beauty launch ever (passing previous leader MAC Cosmetics (/wiki/MAC_Cosmetics) ): in September the department stores sold one Fenty Beauty foundation every minute and one lipstick every three minutes. [76] (#cite_note-:3-76) The launch also helped raise LVMH's cosmetic and perfume sales for the third quarter of 2017 by 17%. [78] (#cite_note-:7-78) According to Bernard Arnault (/wiki/Bernard_Arnault) , chairman (/wiki/Chairman) and chief executive officer (CEO) (/wiki/Chief_executive_officer) of LVMH (/wiki/LVMH) , Fenty Beauty's sales reached almost 500 million euros ($573 million) by the end of 2018. [79] (#cite_note-79) [80] (#cite_note-80) Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) reported that following 15 months of operation, in 2018, Fenty Beauty accumulated US$570 million in revenue. [81] (#cite_note-Forbes-81) The entire operation is worth US$2.8 billion, of which 50% belongs to its CEO, Rihanna. [82] (#cite_note-82) Awards [ edit ] Fenty Beauty was named to Time magazine's list of the 25 best inventions of 2017, [83] (#cite_note-83) alongside NASA (/wiki/NASA) 's Martian spacecraft InSight (/wiki/InSight) , [84] (#cite_note-84) Apple (/wiki/Apple_Inc.) 's iPhone X (/wiki/IPhone_X) , [85] (#cite_note-85) Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) 's Pro Hijab (/w/index.php?title=Pro_Hijab&action=edit&redlink=1) , [86] (#cite_note-86) and the Tesla Model 3 (/wiki/Tesla_Model_3) . [87] (#cite_note-87) Time cited Fenty Beauty's 40-shade range of foundations that quickly sold out. [65] (#cite_note-:13-65) Fenty Beauty also won the WWD (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) Beauty Inc. award in 2017 for launch of the year in the prestige sector. [35] (#cite_note-:5-35) In 2018, Fenty Beauty also won WWD beauty Digital innovator of the year. [88] (#cite_note-88) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Rihanna trademarks her name for use on a clothing empire" (https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/news/rihanna-trademarks-her-name-9656814.html) . The Independent . August 8, 2014. 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"5 Reasons Why Rihanna's Fenty Beauty Was Named One of TIME's Best Inventions of 2017" (https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/lifestyle/8046279/rihanna-fenty-beauty-time-best-inventions-2017) . Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180303115928/https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/lifestyle/8046279/rihanna-fenty-beauty-time-best-inventions-2017) from the original on March 3, 2018 . Retrieved March 26, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Conti, Samantha; Naughton, Julie (February 20, 2013). "MAC Joins Forces With Rihanna" (http://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/color-cosmetics/mac-joins-forces-with-rihanna-6780854/) . Women's Wear Daily . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180328103146/http://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/color-cosmetics/mac-joins-forces-with-rihanna-6780854/) from the original on March 28, 2018 . Retrieved March 28, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Univer, Eden. 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"Fenty Beauty's Foundation Just Called Out Some Major Beauty Bullshit" (https://www.allure.com/story/fenty-beauty-dark-foundation-shades-sold-out) . Allure . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180328041331/https://www.allure.com/story/fenty-beauty-dark-foundation-shades-sold-out) from the original on March 28, 2018 . Retrieved March 27, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-:7_78-0) "Sephora Is Bringing Shade to the Make-Up Industry" (https://www.fastcompany.com/40525602/sephora-is-bringing-shade-to-the-make-up-industry) . Fast Company . March 6, 2018. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180328103106/https://www.fastcompany.com/40525602/sephora-is-bringing-shade-to-the-make-up-industry) from the original on March 28, 2018 . Retrieved March 28, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-79) "LVMH Reports Fenty Beauty Revenues Hit 500 Million Euros in 2018" (https://snobette.com/2019/02/fenty-beauty-500-million-euros-revenue-2018/) . Snobette . February 1, 2019. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190202212326/https://snobette.com/2019/02/fenty-beauty-500-million-euros-revenue-2018/) from the original on February 2, 2019 . Retrieved February 1, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-80) "#LVMH remarks on incredible success of #FentyBeauty in 2018 that achieved 500 million euros in sales" (https://www.instagram.com/p/BtUgJmcBq8W/) . Snobette . February 1, 2019. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190428190139/https://www.instagram.com/p/BtUgJmcBq8W/) from the original on April 28, 2019 . Retrieved February 1, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-Forbes_81-0) Robehmed, Natalie (June 4, 2019). "How Rihanna Created A$600 Million Fortune—And Became The World's Richest Female Musician" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/natalierobehmed/2019/06/04/rihanna-worth-fenty-beauty/amp/) . Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190604135454/https://www.forbes.com/sites/natalierobehmed/2019/06/04/rihanna-worth-fenty-beauty/amp/) from the original on June 4, 2019 . Retrieved June 4, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-82) Berg, Madeline. "Fenty's Fortune: Rihanna Is Now Officially A Billionaire" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/maddieberg/2021/08/04/fentys-fortune-rihanna-is-now-officially-a-billionaire/) . Forbes . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210804152613/https://www.forbes.com/sites/maddieberg/2021/08/04/fentys-fortune-rihanna-is-now-officially-a-billionaire/) from the original on August 4, 2021 . Retrieved August 25, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-83) Mandell, Janna (November 20, 2017). "Rihanna's Fenty Beauty Named One of Time Magazine's Best Inventions of 2017" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/jannamandell/2017/11/20/rihannas-fenty-beauty-named-one-of-time-magazines-best-inventions-of-2017/) . Forbes . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180327024118/https://www.forbes.com/sites/jannamandell/2017/11/20/rihannas-fenty-beauty-named-one-of-time-magazines-best-inventions-of-2017/) from the original on March 27, 2018 . Retrieved March 26, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-84) Hellyer, Isabelle (November 20, 2017). "fenty beauty named one of TIME's best inventions of 2017" (https://i-d.vice.com/en_au/article/8x5jnp/fenty-beauty-named-one-of-times-best-inventions-of-2017) . i-D . Vice. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180328102607/https://i-d.vice.com/en_au/article/8x5jnp/fenty-beauty-named-one-of-times-best-inventions-of-2017) from the original on March 28, 2018 . Retrieved March 27, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-85) Demopoulos, Alaina (December 7, 2017). "Fenty Beauty Was Just Named 1 of Time's Best Inventions of 2017" (https://www.popsugar.com/beauty/Fenty-Beauty-Time-Best-Inventions-2017-List-44272313) . POPSUGAR Beauty . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180327023747/https://www.popsugar.com/beauty/Fenty-Beauty-Time-Best-Inventions-2017-List-44272313) from the original on March 27, 2018 . Retrieved March 26, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-86) Dirshe, Siraad (November 17, 2017). "Fenty Beauty Was Named One of TIME's 25 Best Inventions of 2017" (https://www.essence.com/beauty/rihanna-fenty-beauty-time-25-best-inventions-2017) . Essence (/wiki/Essence_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180327023604/https://www.essence.com/beauty/rihanna-fenty-beauty-time-25-best-inventions-2017) from the original on March 27, 2018 . Retrieved March 26, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-87) Darville, Jordan (November 16, 2017). "Rihanna's Fenty Beauty is one of Time's best inventions of 2017" (http://www.thefader.com/2017/11/16/rihanna-fenty-beauty-time-best-invention-2017) . The Fader . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180327084440/http://www.thefader.com/2017/11/16/rihanna-fenty-beauty-time-best-invention-2017) from the original on March 27, 2018 . Retrieved March 26, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-88) Tietjen, Alexa (December 13, 2018). "WWD Beauty Inc Awards: Fenty Beauty Wins Digital Innovator of the Year" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/beauty-features/wwd-beauty-inc-awards-fenty-beauty-digital-innovator-of-the-year-1202926816/) . WWD . Retrieved June 3, 2024 . 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A tie press is a device, based solely on pressure, to flatten neckties (/wiki/Necktie) . Its use is necessitated by ties usually being of silk or some other textile ill-suited to the heat of ironing (/wiki/Ironing) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Tie presses usually operate based on two separate wooden boards which are clamped together with spring-loaded levers. A cardboard cut-out is usually included to retain the shape of the tie during pressing. Tie presses are particularly useful for bow ties (/wiki/Bow_tie) , due to the creasing and thus deformative nature of the bow tie knot, which involves crushing the ends to produce the 'bow' effect. In time, this crushing affects the appearance of the finished knot. This is particularly the case with bow ties with rectangular ends, rather than the 'bow' shaped ends in some bow ties, though both suffer from crushing to some degree or another. Four-in-hand ties (/wiki/Four-in-hand_knot) , naturally, are also creased, but rarely to the same extent and, as such, usually require less regular pressing. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Adam, Michael (2004). How To Tie Ties . New York: Sterling Publishing Co., Inc. pp. 36–37. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4027-1512-9 . Retrieved 6 February 2024 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐77ccb7d944‐6wggz Cached time: 20240709170825 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.086 seconds Real time usage: 0.106 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 117/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2075/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 73/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 4733/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.055/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2609130/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 97.713 1 Template:Reflist 100.00% 97.713 1 -total 82.46% 80.573 1 Template:Cite_book 1.46% 1.422 1 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:5270659-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709170825 and revision id 1203989825. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tie_press&oldid=1203989825 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tie_press&oldid=1203989825) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Laundry equipment (/wiki/Category:Laundry_equipment) Home appliances (/wiki/Category:Home_appliances)
Jean Mary Dawnay, Princess George Galitzine MBE (/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire) (22 March 1925 – 14 December 2016) was a British fashion model, television personality, stage and film actress, who worked for Christian Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Early life [ edit ] Jean Mary Dawnay was born in Brighton on 22 March 1925. [2] (#cite_note-Telegraph_obituary-2) She was the daughter of Frederick Dawnay and Maud ( née (/wiki/N%C3%A9e) Howard) and was educated at the City of London School for Girls (/wiki/City_of_London_School_for_Girls) and the Central School of Art and Design (/wiki/Central_School_of_Art_and_Design) . Career [ edit ] Having joined the WAAF (/wiki/Women%27s_Auxiliary_Air_Force) in 1943, she served in World War II under Leo Marks (/wiki/Leo_Marks) in the Special Operations Executive (/wiki/Special_Operations_Executive) in Baker Street (/wiki/64_Baker_Street) and at Bletchley Park (/wiki/Bletchley_Park) . Throughout her career she was photographed by many leading photographers including John French (/wiki/John_French_(photographer)) , Richard Dormer, Cecil Beaton (/wiki/Cecil_Beaton) , Norman Parkinson (/wiki/Norman_Parkinson) , Antony Snowdon (/wiki/Antony_Armstrong-Jones,_1st_Earl_of_Snowdon) and Francis Goodman. [3] (#cite_note-npg.org.uk-3) She was associated with many of the leading fashion houses of the day including Christian Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior) , by whom she was dubbed "The English Rose". In their obituary, The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) called her "supermodel of the 1950s". [2] (#cite_note-Telegraph_obituary-2) In later life, Dawnay was active in charity work, including UK Youth (/wiki/UK_Youth) (for which she served as a vice president for 60 years), the Prince George Galitzine Library which she co-founded in 1994 in St Petersburg (/wiki/St_Petersburg) , the Terence Rattigan (/wiki/Terence_Rattigan) Society of which she was the inaugural president and Phab. [2] (#cite_note-Telegraph_obituary-2) She was appointed MBE, for services to young people, in the 2012 Queen's Diamond Jubilee (/wiki/Diamond_Jubilee_of_Elizabeth_II) Birthday Honours (/wiki/2012_Birthday_Honours) (as Jean Mary Galitzine). Personal life [ edit ] In 1963, Dawnay married Prince George Galitzine, a son of Prince Vladimir Galitzine (/wiki/Vladimir_Galitzine) , in Rome. Their daughter Princess Catherine "Katya" Galitzine was born in 1964. [3] (#cite_note-npg.org.uk-3) She died on 14 December 2016. [2] (#cite_note-Telegraph_obituary-2) Filmography [ edit ] Wonderful Things! (/wiki/Wonderful_Things!) as Anne (1958) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Jean Dawnay, 1957" (https://unbound.com/books/the-replacement-girl/updates/jean-dawnay-1957) . Unbound . Retrieved 22 April 2019 . ^ a b c d "Princess George Galitzine, 'supermodel' of the 1950s – obituary" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2016/12/20/princess-george-galitzine-supermodel-1950s-obituary/) . The Daily Telegraph . 20 December 2016 . Retrieved 22 April 2019 . ^ a b "Jean (née Dawnay), Princess George Galitzine; Princess Catherine ('Katya') Galitzine - National Portrait Gallery" (https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw241379/Jean-ne-Dawnay-Princess-George-Galitzine-Princess-Catherine-Katya-Galitzine) . www.npg.org.uk . Retrieved 22 April 2019 . Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/309747329) National Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/1056316349) This article about a British actor is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Kimono fashion brand Yoshikimono is a kimono (/wiki/Kimono) fashion brand created by Japanese rock musician Yoshiki (/wiki/Yoshiki_(musician)) . After its debut at Asia Girls Explosion in 2011, the brand has been featured as a headliner presentation at Tokyo Fashion Week (/wiki/Tokyo_Fashion_Week) including the Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Tokyo 2016, Amazon Fashion Week Tokyo 2017, and Rakuten Fashion Week Tokyo 2020, receiving critical acclaim for its modern approach to Japan's traditional garment. History [ edit ] Yoshiki debuted the fashion brand on March 6, 2011, at Asia Girls Explosion at Yoyogi National Stadium (/wiki/Yoyogi_National_Stadium) in Tokyo. The event was co-produced by Yoshiki and featured Marilyn Manson (/wiki/Marilyn_Manson) as a runway model. [1] (#cite_note-1) Yoshiki created the fashion brand to pay tribute to his parents who ran a kimono shop when he was growing up. "I've always adored fashion. If I didn't become a rock star, I would've taken over the family business which made very traditional kimonos. If I break certain rules, it's done with a positive approach. If I desacralize the kimono, it's so that it doesn't fall into oblivion." [2] (#cite_note-2) On October 17, 2015, Yoshikimono was the closing presentation of Mercedes-Benz Tokyo Fashion Week (/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Fashion_Week) 2016. [3] (#cite_note-3) One year later, Yoshikimono opened Amazon Fashion Week Tokyo 2017 S/S on October 17, 2016. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) On October 14, 2019, Yoshikimono was featured as the opening presentation of Rakuten Tokyo Fashion Week 2020 S/S at Shibuya Hikarie. [6] (#cite_note-:0-6) [7] (#cite_note-:1-7) In January 2020, Marie Kondo (/wiki/Marie_Kondo) wore Yoshikimono for the cover of Numero Tokyo magazine. [8] (#cite_note-8) In February, Yoshikimono was announced as part of the Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) 's "Kimono: Kyoto to Catwalk" exhibition in London. [9] (#cite_note-9) In June 2020, Yoshikimono was featured in the Tokyo National Museum (/wiki/Tokyo_National_Museum) 's "Kimono" historical retrospective. [10] (#cite_note-10) In November 2022, Yoshikimono was featured in the touring version of the V&A's exhibition presented at the Musée du Quai Branly – Jacques Chirac (/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Quai_Branly_%E2%80%93_Jacques_Chirac) in Paris (/wiki/Paris) . [11] (#cite_note-11) Critical reception [ edit ] Yoshikimono has received positive reviews based on the brand's non-traditional approach to kimono. Reuters (/wiki/Reuters) said that Yoshikimono put "a modern twist on the traditional Japanese garment." [12] (#cite_note-12) Vogue Japan (/wiki/Vogue_Japan) highlighted the brand's "gorgeous style" and "rock spirit", [13] (#cite_note-13) and WWD called Yoshikimono's 2020 collection "innovative" and "sexy". [6] (#cite_note-:0-6) Theatrical presentation [ edit ] Yoshikimono's presentations are produced with "plenty of drama and a higher production value than is typical" for fashion events. [6] (#cite_note-:0-6) Yoshiki played piano with a model posing erotically on top of his signature glass piano for Mercedes-Benz Tokyo Fashion Week 2016 [14] (#cite_note-14) and performed a drum solo under pouring rain on the runway for Amazon Fashion Week Tokyo 2017. [15] (#cite_note-15) For Rakuten Tokyo Fashion Week S/S 2020, Yoshiki bathed the runway in falling rose petals. [16] (#cite_note-16) Pop culture references [ edit ] The Yoshikimono 2020 collection featured kimono patterns with visual elements of the anime (/wiki/Anime) series Attack on Titan (/wiki/Attack_on_Titan) and the comic book Blood Red Dragon. [7] (#cite_note-:1-7) External links [ edit ] Official Yoshikimono website (http://yoshikimono.com/) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "X JAPAN's Yoshiki Has MARILYN MANSON Walk The Runway At His Asia Girls Explosion Fashion Event In Tokyo" (http://bravewords.com/news/x-japans-yoshiki-has-marilyn-manson-walk-the-runway-at-his-asia-girls-explosion-fashion-event-in-tokyo) . bravewords.com . Retrieved 2020-01-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Les mille facettes de Yoshiki" (https://www.lopinion.fr/o2-week-end/les-mille-facettes-de-yoshiki) . l'Opinion (in French). 2023-03-23 . Retrieved 2023-03-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Janette, Misha (2015-10-24). "Tokyo fashion week: womenswear gets a welcome jolt of energy" (https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2015/10/24/style/tokyo-fashion-week-womenswear-gets-welcome-jolt-energy/) . The Japan Times Online . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0447-5763 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0447-5763) . Retrieved 2020-01-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Japanese rocker's modern kimonos kick off fashion week in Tokyo" (https://www.reuters.com/article/us-fashion-tokyo-idUSKBN12H1OK) . Reuters . 2016-10-17 . Retrieved 2020-01-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Breaking: Yoshiki of X Japan to open Amazon Tokyo Fashion Week Spring 2017 — Style Wylde Magazine - International Runway Fashion-Designer Interviews-Street Style" (http://www.stylewylde.com/news/2016/9/26/breaking-yoshiki-of-x-japan-to-open-amazon-tokyo-fashion-week-spring-2017) . Style Wylde Magazine . Retrieved 2020-01-20 . ^ a b c Wetherille, Kelly (2019-10-15). "Yoshikimono RTW Spring 2020" (https://wwd.com/runway/spring-ready-to-wear-2020/tokyo/yoshikimono/review/) . WWD . Retrieved 2020-01-20 . ^ a b "Highlights at Tokyo Fashion Week \| Culture" (https://metropolisjapan.com/tokyo-fashion-week-2020/) . Metropolis Magazine . 2019-10-31 . Retrieved 2020-01-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Numéro TOKYO on Instagram: Numéro TOKYO March Special No.134 The Good Life; Cover: Rola, Marie Kondo wearing Urai (Rola), Yoshikimono (Marie Kondo) by Akinori Ito for @numerotokyo" (https://www.instagram.com/p/B7sJi07n1P0/) . Instagram . Retrieved 2020-02-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "BIG IN JAPAN \| PASHION Magazine" (http://www.pashionmagazine.com/big-in-japan/) . Retrieved 2020-02-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Les plus beaux kimonos Yoshikimono réunis à Tokyo" (https://www.vogue.fr/culture/promotion/les-plus-beaux-kimonos-yoshikimono-reunis-a-tokyo) . Vogue Paris (in French) . Retrieved 2020-07-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Kimono" (https://quaibranly.fr/en/exhibitions-and-events/at-the-museum/exhibitions/event-details/e/kimono) . Musée du Quai Branly – Jacques Chirac . Retrieved 2023-03-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Kimono runway show lights up Tokyo fashion week" (https://www.reuters.com/article/us-fashion-tokyo-idUSKBN1WU068) . Reuters . 2019-10-15 . Retrieved 2020-01-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "YOSHIKIが手がける着物ブランド「YOSHIKIMONO」で東コレ開幕！【コレクション速報・東京】" (https://www.vogue.co.jp/fashion/article/2019-10-15-yoshikimono) . VOGUE JAPAN (in Japanese) . Retrieved 2020-01-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Kimonos get rock 'n' roll makeover at Japan fashion week" (http://news.yahoo.com/kimonos-rock-n-roll-makeover-japan-fashion-week-055631115.html) . news.yahoo.com . Retrieved 2020-01-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Janette, Misha (2016-10-29). "Amazon Fashion Week Tokyo: Womenswear collections shake up the system" (https://www.japantimes.co.jp/life/2016/10/29/style/amazon-fashion-week-tokyo-womenswear-collections-shake-system/) . The Japan Times Online . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0447-5763 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0447-5763) . Retrieved 2020-01-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Between traditions and modernity - YOSHIKIMONO strikes again during Rakuten Fashion Week" (https://www.tss-mag.com/between-traditions-and-modernity-yoshikimono-strikes-again-during-rakuten-fashion-week/) . Tokyo Street Style . 2019-10-14 . Retrieved 2020-01-20 . 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Turkey portal (/wiki/Portal:Turkey) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6457fbf49b‐tzglq Cached time: 20240705174827 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.031 seconds Real time usage: 0.045 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 13/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 702/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 3/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1041/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.017/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 630291/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 36.993 1 Template:Portal 100.00% 36.993 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:60708275-0!canonical and timestamp 20240705174827 and revision id 896138530. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Turkish businesspeople in fashion" The following 2 pages are in this category, out of 2 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Deniz Akkaya (/wiki/Deniz_Akkaya) B Osman Boyner (/wiki/Osman_Boyner) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Turkish_businesspeople_in_fashion&oldid=896138530 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Turkish_businesspeople_in_fashion&oldid=896138530) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Turkish businesspeople by industry (/wiki/Category:Turkish_businesspeople_by_industry) Turkish fashion (/wiki/Category:Turkish_fashion) Businesspeople in fashion (/wiki/Category:Businesspeople_in_fashion)
The Miki House Group a.k.a. Miki Shoko Co., Ltd. ( 三起商行株式会社 , Miki Shōkō Kabushiki Kaisha (/wiki/Kabushiki_Kaisha) ) is a Japanese corporation. Established in April 1971, [1] (#cite_note-Corpov-1) with Koichi Kimura as the founder, [2] (#cite_note-NishimuraLook-2) and formally incorporated in September 1978, it has its headquarters in Osaka (/wiki/Osaka) and a regional office in Tokyo (/wiki/Tokyo) . [1] (#cite_note-Corpov-1) Miki House ( ミキハウス , Mikihausu ) is a Japanese children's clothing and product company. Kunio Nishimura of Look Japan (/wiki/Look_Japan) stated in 2001 that in Japan the company's name was "synonymous" with "top-drawer" merchandise. [2] (#cite_note-NishimuraLook-2) As of 1999 [update] (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Miki_House&action=edit) it has a magazine, Love , which it publishes once per month. Circa that year it began promoting "grandchildren's day", a holiday created by retail companies in an effort to drive more sales. [3] (#cite_note-3) References [ edit ] ^ a b "Corporate Overview" (https://www.mikihouse.com/company/corporate_overview/) . Miki House . Retrieved 2019-05-02 . ^ a b Nishimura, Kunio (December 2001). "Miki House: A Children's Castle" (https://web.archive.org/web/20020617044132/http://www.lookjapan.com/LBecobiz/O1DecTB.htm) . Look Japan (/wiki/Look_Japan) . Archived from the original (http://www.lookjapan.com/LBecobiz/O1DecTB.htm) on 2002-06-17 . Retrieved 2019-05-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Nashima, Mitsuko (1999-10-14). "Stores attempt to invent new holiday" (https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/1999/10/14/national/stores-attempt-to-invent-new-holiday/) . Japan Times (/wiki/Japan_Times) . Retrieved 2019-05-02 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Miki House (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Miki_House) . Miki House Global (https://www.mikihouse.com/) Miki House (https://www.mikihouse.co.jp/) (in Japanese) This article about a Japanese corporation- or company-related topic is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Miki_House&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐whv4r Cached time: 20240721000917 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.317 seconds Real time usage: 0.421 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 602/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 13092/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 762/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 17396/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.234/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 19075747/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 403.226 1 -total 32.60% 131.468 2 Template:Nihongo 27.46% 110.730 1 Template:Reflist 20.39% 82.215 1 Template:Cite_web 16.47% 66.404 1 Template:Japan-company-stub 16.02% 64.588 1 Template:Asbox 14.84% 59.851 1 Template:Commons_category 14.34% 57.818 1 Template:Sister_project 13.63% 54.942 1 Template:Side_box 8.65% 34.894 2 Template:If_then_show Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:60634849-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721000917 and revision id 1140417555. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Miki_House&oldid=1140417555 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Miki_House&oldid=1140417555) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Japanese companies established in 1971 (/wiki/Category:Japanese_companies_established_in_1971) Clothing brands of Japan (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_of_Japan) Clothing companies of Japan (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_of_Japan) Clothing retailers of Japan (/wiki/Category:Clothing_retailers_of_Japan) Children's clothing brands (/wiki/Category:Children%27s_clothing_brands) Japanese brands (/wiki/Category:Japanese_brands) Retail companies established in 1971 (/wiki/Category:Retail_companies_established_in_1971) Companies based in Osaka Prefecture (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Osaka_Prefecture) Japanese company stubs (/wiki/Category:Japanese_company_stubs) Hidden categories: Articles containing Japanese-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Japanese-language_text) Articles containing potentially dated statements from 1999 (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_1999) All articles containing potentially dated statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements) Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata) Articles with Japanese-language sources (ja) (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Japanese-language_sources_(ja)) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
Scottish Fashion Awards Awarded for Excellence in the Scottish fashion industry Country Scotland Presented by Hartmann Media First awarded May 2006 Website scottishfashionawards (http://scottishfashionawards.com) .com (http://scottishfashionawards.com) The Scottish Fashion Awards was an annual awards ceremony honouring Scottish designers, photographers, models and fashion industry leaders. Founded in 2006, the event organiser was Tessa Hartmann, owner of a Scottish-based PR firm to promote her clients and their friends. [1] (#cite_note-HeraldScotland-1) Their mission is "...to provide an outstanding platform for Scottish creatives, from designers and photographers, to models, fashion communicators and industry leaders." [2] (#cite_note-2) Awards events [ edit ] 2006 [ edit ] The inaugural event was held at Stirling Castle (/wiki/Stirling_Castle) with GMTV (/wiki/GMTV) presenter Jenni Falconer (/wiki/Jenni_Falconer) acting as emcee. Entertainment was provided by Sandi Thom (/wiki/Sandi_Thom) and electric fiddle player Laura McPhee. [3] (#cite_note-FF-3) The winners were: [3] (#cite_note-FF-3) Designer of the Year - Jonathan Saunders (/wiki/Jonathan_Saunders) Model of the Year - Kirsty Hume (/wiki/Kirsty_Hume) Young Designer - Christopher Kane (/wiki/Christopher_Kane) Textiles/Cashmere Designer - Jennifer Lang Communicator of the Year - Joe McKenna Fashion Icon - Lulu (/wiki/Lulu_(singer)) Retailer of the Year - USC (/wiki/USC_(clothing_retailer)) International Designer of the Year - Viktor & Rolf (/wiki/Viktor_%26_Rolf) Hall of Fame - Albert Watson (/wiki/Albert_Watson_(photographer)) 2007 [ edit ] Jenni Falconer once again hosted the event which was held at Stirling Castle on 9 September. The judges included Kate Phelan, fashion director of British Vogue, and Jennifer Uner, founder of the Los Angeles Fashion Show. [4] (#cite_note-4) Winners included: [5] (#cite_note-5) Designer of the Year - Christopher Kane Retailer of the Year - Schuh (/wiki/Schuh) Fashion Icon - Sharleen Spiteri (/wiki/Sharleen_Spiteri) of the group ‘ Texas (/wiki/Texas_(band)) ’ 2008 [ edit ] The third annual event was held at Stirling Castle on 29 June. [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) The winners were: [8] (#cite_note-8) Designer of the Year - Christopher Kane Lifetime Achievement Award/Hall of Fame - Sam McKnight Best Use of Tartan - Henry Holland (/wiki/Henry_Holland_(fashion_designer)) Model of the Year - Emily McWilliams Young Designer of the Year - Graeme Armour Textiles Brand of the Year - Johnstons of Elgin (/wiki/Johnstons_of_Elgin) Communicator of the Year - David Eustace (/wiki/David_Eustace) Fashion Icon - Darius Danesh (/wiki/Darius_Campbell) Retailer of the Year - Norton & Sons (/wiki/Norton_%26_Sons) Accessory Designer of the Year - Bebaroque Hoisery Best Use of Tartan - House of Holland (/wiki/Henry_Holland_(fashion_designer)) 2009 [ edit ] The 2009 event was held in Stirling Castle in June with Graeme Black, Siouxsie Sioux (/wiki/Siouxsie_Sioux) and Pam Hogg (/wiki/Pam_Hogg) providing entertainment. The judging panel included GANT (/wiki/GANT) creative director Brian Rennie, Vogue.com editor Dolly Jones and Janette Harkess, deputy editor of The Herald (/wiki/The_Herald_(Glasgow)) . [1] (#cite_note-HeraldScotland-1) The winners were: [9] (#cite_note-9) Hall of Fame - Pam Hogg Designer of the Year - Graeme Black Textile Brand of the Year - Harris Tweed Hebrides Young Designer of the Year - Holly Fulton (/wiki/Holly_Fulton) Retailer of the Year - Ultimo (/wiki/Ultimo_(brand)) Model of the Year - Gillian Cook, The Model Team Communicator of the Year - Nick Ede (/wiki/Nick_Ede) Graduate of the Year - Neil Young, Central St Martins Accessory/Jewellery Designer of the Year - Joyce Paton Best Use of Scottish Fabric - Paul Smith (/wiki/Paul_Smith_(fashion_designer)) Style Icon - Jenni Falconer New Face - Christina Chalk 2010 [ edit ] On 20 June, after four years at Stirling Castle, the event was moved to the Glasgow Science Centre (/wiki/Glasgow_Science_Centre) and was hosted by Laura Whitmore (/wiki/Laura_Whitmore) . The judges included Brian Duffy, (president of Ralph Lauren Europe (/wiki/Ralph_Lauren_Corporation) ), Nathalie Colin (/wiki/Nathalie_Colin) (creative director of Swarovski (/wiki/Swarovski) ), designer Amanda Wakeley (/wiki/Amanda_Wakeley) , Professor Wendy Dagworthy (Fashion & Textiles at the Royal College of Art (/wiki/Royal_College_of_Art) ), Brigitte Stepputis (head of couture at Vivienne Westwood (/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood) ), Robert Johnston (associate editor of GQ (/wiki/GQ) ) and VOGUE.COM (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) 's editor Dolly Jones. [10] (#cite_note-10) The winners were: [11] (#cite_note-11) Designer of the Year - Jonathan Saunders Young Designer of the Year - Holly Fulton Accessory Designer of the Year - William Chambers (/wiki/William_Chambers_(milliner)) Model of the Year - Lisa Omond International Designer of the Year/Best Use of Scottish Textile - Markus Lupfer Fashion Hall of Fame - Malcolm Edwards (/wiki/Malcolm_Edwards) Fashion Icon - Paolo Nutini (/wiki/Paolo_Nutini) Communicator of the Year - Eilidh McAskill Retailer of the Year - Cruise New Face - Terri McGlone Graduate of the Year - Jett Sweeney 2011 [ edit ] The 2011 event was again held in the Glasgow Science Centre and was once again hosted by Laura Whitmore. [12] (#cite_note-12) The winners were: [13] (#cite_note-13) Designer of the Year - Jonathan Saunders (/wiki/Jonathan_Saunders) Young Designer of the Year - Henrietta Ludgate Scottish Retailer of the Year - Rox (/wiki/Rox_Jewellers_(retailer)) International Designer of the Year - House of Holland (/wiki/Henry_Holland_(fashion_designer)) Fashion Icon - Freya Mavor (/wiki/Freya_Mavor) Fashion Graduate of the Year - Campbell Dunn Scottish Textile Brand of the Year - Harris Tweed Hebrides 2012 [ edit ] The event was held at Glasgow's Clyde Auditorium (/wiki/Clyde_Auditorium) . [14] (#cite_note-14) The winners were: [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) Designer of the Year - Christopher Kane Young Designer of the Year - Hayley Scanlan Fashion Ambassador - Colin McDowell (/wiki/Colin_McDowell) Hall of Fame - Stella Tennant (/wiki/Stella_Tennant) Textile Brand of the Year - Dashing Tweeds Accessory Designer of the Year - William Chambers Fashion Icon - Karen Gillan (/wiki/Karen_Gillan) Communicator of the Year - Faye McLeod Model of the Year - Tali Lennox (/wiki/Tali_Lennox) Retailer of the Year - Shhh-Oohs Fashion Photographer - Jonathan Daniel Pryce New Face - Kerry O'May Graduate of the Year - Joanne McGillivary from Herriot Watt, David Black was awarded a high commended certificate. International Designer of the Year (for use of a Scottish fabric) - Mulberry (/wiki/Mulberry_(company)) Fashion Innovator - Brian Rennie, creative director of Basler 2013 [ edit ] The event was held at London's Dover House (/wiki/Dover_House) with Laura Whitmore returning as the host. [17] (#cite_note-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) The winners were: [19] (#cite_note-19) Scottish Designer of the Year - Christopher Kane International Designer of the Year (For Best Use of Scottish Fabric) - Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) Model of the Year - Mary Charteris Fashion Icon - Emeli Sandé (/wiki/Emeli_Sand%C3%A9) Creative Excellence Award - Pam Hogg (/wiki/Pam_Hogg) Innovator of the Year - Louise Gray Young Designer of the Year - Jennifer Morris Textile Designer of the Year - Alice Palmer (/wiki/Alice_Palmer_(designer)) Retailer of the Year - Schuh Communicator of the Year - Penny Martin (/wiki/Penny_Martin) Accessory Designer of the Year - Finlay & Co. (/wiki/Finlay_%26_Co.) 2014 [ edit ] The event was held in London on 1 September with Laura Whitmore returning as host. [20] (#cite_note-20) The winners were: [21] (#cite_note-21) Designer of the Year - Christopher Kane Young Designer of the Year - Hayley Scanlan Textile Brand of the Year - Dhu Communicator of the Year - Avril Mair, Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) Retailer of the Year - Abandon Ship Apparel Accessory Designer of the Year - William Chambers Millinery Fashion Graduate of the Year - Colleen Leitch International Designer of the Year - Simone Rocha Model of the Year - Jean Campbell Exporter of the Year - Mackintosh (/wiki/Mackintosh) Luxury Retailer - Harvey Nichols, Edinburgh Fashion Icon 2014 - Amy Macdonald (/wiki/Amy_Macdonald) Hall of Fame 2014 - Dame Vivienne Westwood Fashion Ambassador 2014 - Professor Christopher Moore on behalf of Professor Pamela Gillies, British School of Fashion (/wiki/British_School_of_Fashion) and Belinda Earle on behalf of Marc Bolland (/wiki/Marc_Bolland) , Marks & Spencer (/wiki/Marks_%26_Spencer) Founders Awards 2014 - David Gandy (/wiki/David_Gandy) 2015 [ edit ] The 2015 event was held at the Corinthia Hotel (/wiki/Corinthia_Hotel_London) in London on 3 September 2015. [22] (#cite_note-22) The winners were: [23] (#cite_note-23) Designer of the Year - Christopher Kane Scottish Textile Brand / Manufacturer of the Year - Barrie Knitwear Communicator of the Year - Lynsey Alexander (/wiki/Lynsey_Alexander) (Make Up Artist) Young Designer of the Year - Cats Brothers Fashion Graduate of the Year - Charles Jeffrey (/wiki/Charles_Jeffrey_(fashion_designer)) ( Central Saint Martins (/wiki/Central_Saint_Martins) ) Retailer of the Year - Walker Slater Model of the Year - Misha Hart ( VIVA Model Management (/wiki/VIVA_Model_Management) ) Accessory Designer of the Year - Hunter Boot Ltd (/wiki/Hunter_Boot_Ltd) Fashion Philanthropist - Nick Ede (/wiki/Nick_Ede) Fashion Icon - Connor Ball ( The Vamps (/wiki/The_Vamps_(British_band)) ) Luxury Retailer of the Year - Belstaff (/wiki/Belstaff) (Glasgow) International Designer (for best use of Scottish fabric) - Topman (/wiki/Topman) Founders Award - Pringle of Scotland (/wiki/Pringle_of_Scotland) Hall of Fame - David Eustace (/wiki/David_Eustace) Reception [ edit ] In 2011, the blogsite World Fashion Awards described the Scottish Fashion Awards as a "...globally recognised tartan carpet." [24] (#cite_note-24) In 2014, Vogue stated that the awards highlight Scotland's "...substantial contribution to the fashion industry." [25] (#cite_note-25) When the 2014 nominees were announced, Alistair Carmichael (/wiki/Alistair_Carmichael) ( Secretary of State for Scotland (/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Scotland) ) stated, "These awards are now recognized around the world as the benchmark of success within the global fashion community and are without a doubt the most high-profile showcase of Scottish fashion, design and textile talent in the country." [26] (#cite_note-26) See also [ edit ] List of fashion awards (/wiki/List_of_fashion_awards) References [ edit ] ^ a b "Celebration of Scottish fashion given a punk edge" (http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/12394018.Celebration_of_Scottish_fashion_given_a_punk_edge/) . Herald Scotland . 21 June 2009 . Retrieved 12 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Heritage" (http://scottishfashionawards.com/heritage.php) . Scottish Fashion Awards . Retrieved 12 August 2015 . ^ a b "Scottish Fashion Awards 2006 Winners" (http://www.femalefirst.co.uk/lifestyle-fashion/stylebeauty/Scottish+Fashion+Awards+2006-1999.html#ixzz3iSY40RpZ) . FemaleFirst. 12 May 2006 . Retrieved 12 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Scottish Fashion Awards" (http://www.stirling.gov.uk/__documents/economic-development/stirling-eye/stirling-eye-autumn-2007-.pdf) (PDF) . Stirling.Gov . Retrieved 12 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Newcomers and veterans in Scottish Fashion Awards line-up" (http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/12781592.Newcomers_and_veterans_in_Scottish_Fashion_Awards_line_up/) . Herald Scotland . 5 August 2007 . Retrieved 12 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Barnett, Leisa (1 July 2008). "Scottish Fashion Awards" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/celebrity-photos/2008/07/01/scottish-fashion-awards) . Vogue . Retrieved 11 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Ozler, Levent (6 May 2008). "Scottish Fashion Awards 2008" (https://www.dexigner.com/news/14761) . Dexigner . Retrieved 12 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "2008 Winners Revealed at 3rd Annual Scottish Fashion Awards" (http://designtaxi.com/news/19847/2008-Winners-Revealed-at-3rd-Annual-Scottish-Fashion-Awards/) . DesignTaxi. 4 July 2008 . Retrieved 12 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Scottish Fashion Awards 2009" (http://theglobalherald.com/scottish-fashion-awards-2009/535/) . Global Herald . 20 July 2009 . Retrieved 12 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Milligan, Lauren (19 March 2010). "Scottish Fashion Awards 2010" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2010/03/19/scottish-fashion-awards-2010) . Vogue . Retrieved 12 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Bumpus, Jessica (21 June 2010). "SFA 2010" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2010/06/21/scottish-fashion-awards-2010) . Vogue . Retrieved 12 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Neel, Julia (16 June 2011). "Scottish Fashion Awards 2011" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/celebrity-photos/2011/06/16/scottish-fashion-awards-2011) . Vogue . Retrieved 13 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Scottish Fashion Awards winners announced!" (http://fashionenigma.com/news/detailpage.asp?id=768) . Fashion Enigma. 18 June 2011 . Retrieved 13 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Rhodes, Alexandra. "Scottish Fashion Awards 2012" (http://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/13659/1/scottish-fashion-awards-2012) . Dazed Digital . Retrieved 13 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Milligan, Lauren (12 June 2012). "Scottish Fashion Awards" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2012/06/12/scottish-fashion-award-winners-2012) . Vogue . Retrieved 13 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Scottish Fashion Awards: the winners in full" (http://www.scotsman.com/news/scottish-fashion-awards-the-winners-in-full-1-2350300) . Scotsman . 12 June 2012 . Retrieved 13 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Bridgeman, Jessica (10 October 2013). "Christopher Kane And Chanel Top Scottish Fashion Awards Winners List" (http://www.instyle.co.uk/fashion/news/christopher-kane-and-chanel-top-scottish-fashion-awards-winners-list) . InStyle . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Edwards, Jess (18 September 2014). "Scottish Fashion Awards 2013: the red carpet" (https://www.msn.com/en-gb/news/other/scottish-fashion-awards-2013-the-red-carpet/ss-BB4dCUg#image=2) . MSN.com . Retrieved 13 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Alexander, Ella (10 October 2013). "Scottish Fashion Awards 2013: Who Won What" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2013/10/10/scottish-fashion-awards-2013-winners) . Vogue . Retrieved 13 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Vince, Jessica (11 November 2014). "2014 Scottish Fashion Awards: The Nominees For Scottish Fashion Icon Are..." (http://www.graziadaily.co.uk/2014/11/2014-scottish-fashion-awards-the-nominees-for-scottish-fashion-icon-are) Grazia Daily . Retrieved 17 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Scottish Fashion Awards: Who Won What?" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140905100055/http://www.mtv.co.uk/scottish-fashion-awards/pictures/scottish-fashion-awards-who-won-what) . MTV. Archived from the original (http://www.mtv.co.uk/scottish-fashion-awards/pictures/scottish-fashion-awards-who-won-what) on 5 September 2014 . Retrieved 17 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Wightman-Stone, Danielle (4 September 2015). "Scottish Fashion Awards names 2015 winners" (https://fashionunited.uk/news/fashion/scottish-fashion-awards-names-2015-winners/2015090417556) . Fashion United . Retrieved 4 September 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) Conlon, Scarlett (4 September 2015). "Meet The 2015 Scottish Fashion Awards Winners" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2015/09/04/scottish-fashion-awards-2015-winners-christopher-kane) . Vogue . Retrieved 4 September 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Scottish Fashion Awards" (http://worldfashionawards.com/awards/scottish-fashion-awards/) . World Fashion Awards . Retrieved 14 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Kilcooley-O'Halloran, Scarlett (2 September 2014). "And The Winners Are..." (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2014/09/02/scottish-fashion-awards-2014-winners-vivienne-westwood) Vogue . Retrieved 14 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) Dee, Britteny (2 September 2014). "Scottish Fashion Awards Winners Announced" (http://www.fashiontimes.com/articles/11196/20140902/scottish-fashion-awards-winners-announced.htm) . Fashion Times . Retrieved 17 August 2015 . 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Ghanaian entrepreneur This article is an orphan (/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan) , as no other articles link to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=Grace_Amey-Obeng&namespace=0) . Please introduce links (/wiki/Help:Link) to this page from related articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=Grace+Amey-Obeng&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=Grace+Amey-Obeng) ; try the Find link tool (https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=Grace_Amey-Obeng) for suggestions. ( October 2019 ) Grace Amey-Obeng Founder and CEO, Forever Clair Incumbent (/wiki/Incumbent) Assumed office ? National Treasurer, Association of Ghana Industries (/wiki/Association_of_Ghana_Industries) In office November 2017 - ? Personal details Occupation Entrepreneur Grace Amey-Obeng is a Ghanaian entrepreneur and founder of Forever Clair (/w/index.php?title=Forever_Clair&action=edit&redlink=1) (FC) beauty products in Accra (/wiki/Accra) . [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Biography [ edit ] Grace Amey-Obeng is the founder and chief executive officer of Forever Clair Group of companies. In November 2017, she stood for and was elected executive member and held the position of National Treasurer of the Association of Ghana Industries (/wiki/Association_of_Ghana_Industries) , a Ghanaian non-governmental organisation made up of voluntary business associations of more than 1200 members drawn from small, medium and large scale enterprises. [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) As an entrepreneur, Amey-Obeng stresses the need for "corporate philanthropy... as an effective, strategic and sustainable method of providing necessary assistance in key areas of need". In 2017, she served as board chairperson for the Universal Merchant Bank Foundation (/w/index.php?title=Universal_Merchant_Bank_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1) that was created as a means of giving back to the nation of Ghana. [5] (#cite_note-5) In May 2017, she was honoured at the second event of the Ghana Women of the Year Honours (/w/index.php?title=Ghana_Women_of_the_Year_Honours&action=edit&redlink=1) in the category of "Excellence in Business". [6] (#cite_note-6) Amey-Obeng is the chairperson for the Ghana Cosmetology and Wellness Federation (/w/index.php?title=Ghana_Cosmetology_and_Wellness_Federation&action=edit&redlink=1) , an organisation that was formed with collaboration from the Ghana Ministry of Trade and Industry (/wiki/Ministry_of_Trade_and_Industry_(Ghana)) and Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Creative Arts (/wiki/Ministry_of_Tourism,_Culture_and_Creative_Arts) , to help associations within the cosmetology and wellness industry "to safeguard the health of patrons" [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Ghana black is still beautiful" (https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-21173196) . BBC News . 2013 . Retrieved 2017-11-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Glitz top 100 inspirational women – Page 100 – Glitz Africa Magazine" (https://www.glitzafrica.com/glitz-top-100-inspirational-women/100/) . Retrieved 2022-05-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Coconut Grove's Ralph Ayitey elected AGI Executive Member" (https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/business/Coconut-Grove-s-Ralph-Ayitey-elected-AGI-Executive-Member-599058) . www.ghanaweb.com . Retrieved 2017-11-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Association of Ghana industries \| About" (https://web.archive.org/web/20171201040129/http://agighana.org/about.html) . agighana.org . Archived from the original (http://agighana.org/about.html) on 2017-12-01 . Retrieved 2017-11-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "UMB Bank, UMB Capital outdoor UMB Foundation" (http://www.myjoyonline.com/business/2017/August-1st/umb-bank-umb-capital-outdoors-foundation.php) . myjoyonline. 2017-08-01 . Retrieved 2017-11-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "2nd Ghana Women of the Year Honours slated for May 13" (http://www.myjoyonline.com/entertainment/2017/May-11th/2nd-ghana-women-of-the-year-honours-slated-for-may-13.php) . myjoyonline. 2017-05-11 . Retrieved 2017-11-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Abbey, Emelia Ennin. "Ghana Cosmetology and Wellness Federation formed to ensure welfare of members, patrons - Graphic Online" (https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-cosmetology-and-wellness-federation-formed-to-ensure-welfare-of-members-patrons.html) . Graphic Online . Retrieved 2017-11-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Abbey, Emelia Ennin. "Ministry, Cosmetology federation to craft strategy - Graphic Online" (https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ministry-cosmetology-federation-to-craft-strategy.html) . Graphic Online . Retrieved 2017-11-25 . 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Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Companies portal (/wiki/Portal:Companies) 2015 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_disestablished_in_2015) 2016 2017 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_disestablished_in_2017) 2018 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_disestablished_in_2018) 2019 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_disestablished_in_2019) 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Notable clothing (/wiki/Clothing) companies (/wiki/Company) disestablished in 2020 (/wiki/Category:2020_disestablishments) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐74l8r Cached time: 20240719065233 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.106 seconds Real time usage: 0.153 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 88/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3242/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 44/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 26/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 4114/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.075/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1237729/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 140.478 1 -total 65.61% 92.172 1 Template:Navseasoncats 28.41% 39.907 1 Template:Portal 5.71% 8.023 1 Template:C 3.36% 4.721 4 Template:Title_year Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:62848107-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719065233 and revision id 981759045. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Clothing companies disestablished in 2020" This category contains only the following page. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . O Opening Ceremony (brand) (/wiki/Opening_Ceremony_(brand)) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_disestablished_in_2020&oldid=981759045 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_disestablished_in_2020&oldid=981759045) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Design companies disestablished in 2020 (/wiki/Category:Design_companies_disestablished_in_2020) Clothing companies by year of disestablishment (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_by_year_of_disestablishment) Manufacturing companies disestablished in 2020 (/wiki/Category:Manufacturing_companies_disestablished_in_2020) Clothing companies disestablished in the 21st century (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_disestablished_in_the_21st_century)
Jamal Taslaq Born ( 1970-02-27 ) February 27, 1970 (age 54) Nablus (/wiki/Nablus) Nationality Palestinian/Italian Education Florence Fashion Academy Label Jamal Taslaq Website www.jamaltasaq.com (http://www.jamaltaslaq.com/) Jamal Taslaq (born 1970) is a Palestinian high fashion designer living and working in Italy (/wiki/Italy) . His style blends Eastern and Western clothing codes. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) Biography [ edit ] Taslaq was born in Nablus (/wiki/Nablus) in 1970. After high school, he studied design in Jordan (/wiki/Jordan) . He left for Italy (/wiki/Italy) in 1990 where he studied fashion. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) He founded his eponymous atelier in Rome in 1999. [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) His work has been displayed at Fashion for Peace, Fashion in the Mediterranean, Fundraising for the needy, UNICEF fashion show for the children. Exhibitions [ edit ] Selected exhibitions where his work has been presented Apr. 2011 – Ramallah, Palestine [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Dec. 2010 – Marrakech, Morocco - fashion Day Morocco during Festival International du Film de Marrakech Apr. 2010 - Amman, Jordan - High Fashion Show at Four Seasons Hotel Feb. 2009 – Rome, Italy - High Fashion Show Dec. 2009 - Sorrento, Italy – In the setting of the High life of Italy Nov. 2009 – Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia - in the presence of the King and Queen Jun. 2009 – Florence, Italy - Fashion Show Feb. 2008 – Rome, Italy, AltaRoma AltaModa High Fashion Show [6] (#cite_note-6) He has dressed famous Italian singers on television and prime concerts and festivals. [7] (#cite_note-7) References [ edit ] ^ a b "At UN, Palestinian-born designer uses fashion to show 'another face' of homeland" (https://news.un.org/en/story/2014/11/483352) . UN News . 2014-11-11 . Retrieved 2022-12-01 . ^ a b Camurati, Federica (30 January 2020). "Jamal Taslaq's haute couture parades in Milan waiting to arrive in Bethlehem" (https://www.mffashion.com/news/backstage/l-haute-couture-di-jamal-taslaq-sfila-a-milano-in-attesa-di-arrivare-a-betlemme-202001301028217933) . MF Fashion . Retrieved 1 December 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Il "Made in Italy" debutta a Ramallahcon lo stilista palestinese-romano" (http://roma.repubblica.it/cronaca/2011/03/05/news/moda-13219473/) . 5 March 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Archivio Corriere della Sera" (http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/2011/marzo/06/prima_sfilata_della_Palestina_con_co_9_110306031.shtml) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Breaking news headlines in the UK and worldwide - AOL UK" (http://www.talktalk.co.uk/news/daily/photos/galleries/view/daily/20110306/browse/922428) . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Sfila a Roma la "Dolce vita" egiziana di Jamal Taslaq - WhyModa" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120324152007/http://whymoda.blogosfere.it/2008/01/sfila-a-roma-la-dolce-vita-egiziana-di-jamal-taslaq.html) . Archived from the original (http://whymoda.blogosfere.it/2008/01/sfila-a-roma-la-dolce-vita-egiziana-di-jamal-taslaq.html) on 2012-03-24 . Retrieved 2011-05-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Domeneshop" (http://www.liquida.it/jamal-taslaq/) . 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Clothing of the Mughal Empire This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Mughal_clothing) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Mughal clothing" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Mughal+clothing%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Mughal+clothing%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Mughal+clothing%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Mughal+clothing%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Mughal+clothing%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Mughal+clothing%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( August 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Man's Morning Coat, Mughal India, 1700-1750 Young Babur (/wiki/Babur) seeks his grandmother Aisan Daulat Begum (/wiki/Aisan_Daulat_Begum) 's advice, c. 1590–1592. Mughal clothing refers to clothing worn by the Mughals (/wiki/Mughal_Empire) in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries throughout the extent of their empire. Much of them were already being used in the past centuries before their arrival in Indian subcontinent (/wiki/Indian_subcontinent) . It was characterized by luxurious styles and was made with muslin (/wiki/Muslin) , silk (/wiki/Silk) , velvet (/wiki/Velvet) and brocade (/wiki/Brocade) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Elaborate patterns including dots, checks, and waves were used with colors from various dyes (/wiki/Dye) including cochineal (/wiki/Cochineal) , sulfate of iron (/wiki/Iron) , sulfate of copper, and sulfate of antimony (/wiki/Antimony) were used. Men traditionally wore long over-lapping coat known as Jama (/wiki/Jama_(coat)) with patka (/wiki/Katzeb) sash tied around on the waist and "Paijama" style pants were worn (leg coverings that gave the English word pajama (/wiki/Pajama) ) under the Jama. A " pagri (/wiki/Pagri_(turban)) " (turban) was worn on the head to complete the outfit. Women wore " shalwar (/wiki/Shalwar) ", churidar (/wiki/Churidar) ", " dhilja (/wiki/Dhilja) ", " gharara (/wiki/Gharara) ", and " farshi (/wiki/Farshi) ". They wore much jewelry including earrings, nose jewelry, necklaces, bangles, belts, and anklets. [2] (#cite_note-adorn-2) Other clothing types included: " peshwaz (/wiki/Peshwaj) " style robes and " yalek (/wiki/Yalek) " robes. Types of headwear included: " Chau-goshia (/w/index.php?title=Chau-goshia&action=edit&redlink=1) ", a cap in four segments, the dome shaped " qubbedar (/w/index.php?title=Qubbedar&action=edit&redlink=1) ", " kashiti (/w/index.php?title=Kashiti&action=edit&redlink=1) ", the embroidered " dupalli (/w/index.php?title=Dupalli&action=edit&redlink=1) " and " nukka dar (/w/index.php?title=Nukka_dar&action=edit&redlink=1) ", and the velvet " mandil (/w/index.php?title=Mandil&action=edit&redlink=1) ". [2] (#cite_note-adorn-2) Shoe styles included jhuti", "kafsh", "charhvan", "salim shahi" and "khurd nau" and were curved up at the front. Lucknow was known for its shoes and threading embroidery with gold and silver aughi (/wiki/Aughi) during the era. [2] (#cite_note-adorn-2) Mughal emperor turbans (/wiki/Turban) usually had turban ornaments, which were made of gold and precious gems such as rubies, diamonds, emeralds and sapphire. They wore a ring on every finger. Headwear [ edit ] Jahangir (/wiki/Jahangir) miniature portrait, Mughal India, early 1600s During the reign of Akbar (/wiki/Akbar) , the typical Mughal turban (/wiki/Turban) was popularized which was wrapped directly on the head as it lacked a Karakul (/wiki/Karakul_(hat)) hat and involved a tight bundle in the front and an ascending slope backwards so that it bulged near the back. [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) A turban band or sash was wrapped across the turban to keep it in place, which was usually made of a different material than the turban itself. [5] (#cite_note-5) Mughal woman's headwear consisted of silk Karakul (/wiki/Karakul_(hat)) or boqta (/wiki/Gugu_hat) hats of various styles which were ornamented with jewels, feathered pin and veils. Headwear during the Mughal period Portrait of Murad Bakhsh (/wiki/Murad_Bakhsh) (1624–1661), Mughal India, attributed to Balchand Court of Akbar Court guards of Shah Jahan Men's fashion [ edit ] Mugal Emperor's Costumes [ edit ] During Emperor Akbar (/wiki/Akbar) ’s reign, the common costumes donned by him were of a knee-length ‘ Jama (/wiki/Jama_(coat)) ’, it's variant the ‘ Peshwaz (/wiki/Peshwaj) ’ or the ‘ angrakha (/wiki/Angarkha) ’ fastened to the right side with short ties or at the center. [6] (#cite_note-:6-6) The Yaktahi Jama originated in Persia and Central Asia, where it was worn both short and long, over a pai-jama to form an outfit known as the "Bast Agag". In Persian, the word " Jama (/wiki/Jama_(coat)) " means garment, robe, gown, or coat. The definition of the Mughal Jama is a side-fastening frock coat with a tight-fitting bodice, nipped-in waist, and flared skirt, reaching the knees. In many miniature figures and paintings, Akbar (/wiki/Akbar) is seen wearing the Jama girded at the waist with a waistband, and he accompanies it with a small, short turban without a cap and a churidar paijama. Akbar restyled the garment and developed it into a formal gown by removing slits, rounding the hemline, and increasing the fullness of the skirt. As for individual superiors working in the Mughal Court, Hindu and Muslim Jamas – Hindus and Muslims wear the same garment with little different styles, Hindus fasten the Jama on the left side of the body, and the Muslims tie it on the right-hand side. [7] (#cite_note-7) Akbar (/wiki/Akbar) did not limit his fashion to these costumes that were inherited from Babur (/wiki/Babur) and Humayun (/wiki/Humayun) , but he brought into fashion many other garments and adapted them to his own requirements, changing the style of costume completely. For instance, he donned the ‘takauchiya’- a typical Indian costume that is stitched out of silk, gold, or woolen material, making it versatile for both summer and winter climates. Embroidering his takauchiya with gold and adopting fine shawls as fabrics for his costumes, Akbar showcased the beauty of the ‘doshala’ - a double-faced shawl consisting of two fabrics attached at the underside with the fabric having two right sides and no wrong side double folds - in one's outfit. He inspired many to adopt similar styles, and this notified the first change from Central Asian to Indian conditions. Mughals were becoming more Indianized in the true sense of the word. [6] (#cite_note-:6-6) Only the emperor himself, his intimate relations, and select members of his entourage (beasts as well as men) were permitted to wear a royal turban ornament. As the empire matured, differing styles of ornament acquired the generic name of sarpech, from sar or sir, meaning head, and pech, meaning fastener. Royal portraits from Jahangir (/wiki/Jahangir) 's reign show a more elaborate style of noteworthy games clustered at the base of the plume and with a pendant pearl encouraging a gentle droop from the plume itself. During Shah Jahan (/wiki/Shah_Jahan) ’s reign, an entirely mineralogical version of the kalgi appeared, an ornate, heavily jeweled brooch, in which a stylized plume‟ as well as the stem was composed of gems set in gold and backed by polychrome enamel. [8] (#cite_note-8) Footwear [ edit ] There was a range of footwear that appeared during the rule of the Mughal Empire, with followers of different religions contrasting in their style. For instance, followers of Islam wore shoes and boots habitually to protect their feet from the heat and hazards of the Indian landscape. A distinctive type of footwear emerged in medieval India, the Mojari - these slippers were ornate, often woven with gold-silver zari (thread), and encrusted with jewels to display the wealth and power of its wearer. Differing from other footwear during the time, the Mojari is known for its curled front design, illustrating the luxurious and unique quality. [9] (#cite_note-9) Jahangir (/wiki/Jahangir) (1569-1627), the Mughal emperor is credited with popularizing this type of footwear among the nobility. In addition, Mughal men wore ornamented shoes with turned-up toes, also known as the Jhuti. The Jhuti was Persian in style and was the most common form of shoe worn by visitors to Akbar (/wiki/Akbar) ’s court. Punjabi desi juttis were originally made of pure leather with exquisite embroidery and embellishments. The soles are made of leather, and the uppers are made of either leather or fabric, frequently embroidered with gold and silver, especially in the case of a Muslim wearer. Desi (traditional) Jutti of Punjab manufactured with flat soles has no distinction of right or left foot with curled upturn toe. Over the centuries, its style and designs have evolved greatly. Today, individual artisans manufacture these leather juttis in an extensive range of colors and designs. [10] (#cite_note-10) Some other footwear that were worn by Mughal men during that time include: The Kafsh, worn by nobles and kings. The Charhvan, with a curling tongue fixed to the toe. The Salim Shahi, decorated in gold. The Khurd Nau, very lightweight, made of kid leather. Women's fashion [ edit ] Beauty routine [ edit ] Ceremony for Arkbar's sons ca.1551–1602. Dancing women with Karakul (/wiki/Karakul_(hat)) / Boqta (/wiki/Gugu_hat) hats, Jama (/wiki/Jama_(coat)) / Peshwaj (/wiki/Peshwaj) style robes, and veils. Women of the imperial court practiced an elaborate beauty ritual consisting of the 16 celebrated rituals. [11] (#cite_note-11) Eyebrows were arched symmetrically, Kajal (/wiki/Kajal) applied to eyelids, the teeth were whitened with missi . Nath (/wiki/Nose_piercing#Nostril_piercing) worn on the nose, studded with diamonds, was usually gifted to a bride by her husband. Betel (/wiki/Betel) leaf was used to redden the lips, sweeten breath and as deodorant. Princesses always decorated hands and feet red with mehendi (/wiki/Mehendi) , despite the great cost as it was also used as a remedy for skin irritations. [12] (#cite_note-:1-12) [13] (#cite_note-:2-13) Depiction of Mariam-uz-Zamani giving birth to Jahangir Jewelry [ edit ] Jewelry-making practices flourished during the Mughal period, which is well-documented through chronicles and paintings. Mughal paintings from Akbar's reign gave the art renewed vigor, and a range of designs were developed. The Mughals contributed to almost all fields of development of jewelry. The use of jewelry was an integral part of the lifestyle, be it the king, men or women or even the king's horse. Women were known to have as many as 8 complete sets of jewelry. Popular ornaments included two-inch-wide armlets worn above the elbows, bracelets or pearls at the wrist stacked high enough to impede access to the pulse, many rings (with the mirror ring worn on the right thumb customary for nearly all the inhabitants of the Zenana (/wiki/Zenana) ), strings of pearls (as many as 15 strings at a time), metal bands or strings of pearls at the bottom of their legs, and ornaments hanging in the middle of the head in the shape of star, sun, moon, or a flower. [12] (#cite_note-:1-12) Turban jewelry was considered a privilege of the Emperor. The constant change in the influences from Europe can be clearly witnessed in the design of the turban jewelry. Akbar stuck to Iranian trends of the time by keeping a feather plume upright at the very front of the turban. Jahangir initiated his own softer style with the weighed down plume with a large pearl. By the time of Aurangzeb, this form became more ubiquitous. Turbans were usually heavily set with jewels and fixed firmly with a gem set kalangi or aigrette (/wiki/Aigrette) , similar in style to the Ottoman aigrette (/w/index.php?title=Ottoman_aigrette&action=edit&redlink=1) worn by the Sultan. Some of the popular head ornaments worn by men were Jigha and Sarpatti, Sarpech (/wiki/Sarpech) , Kalgi, Mukut, Turra and Kalangi. Women also adorned a variety of head ornaments such as Binduli, Kotbiladar, Sekra, Siphul, Tikka and Jhumar. In addition to these, the braid ornaments constituted an important part of women's head ornaments. [14] (#cite_note-:3-14) Ear ornaments were also quite popular during the Mughal times. Mughal paintings have represented earrings quite often. Ear ornaments were worn by both men and women. Mor-Bhanwar, Bali, Jhumkas, Kanphool and Pipal patra or papal patti are some of the known earrings from the period. Neck ornaments of different kinds of pearls and precious stones were worn by men and women. Some of the neck ornaments for men included Latkan, amala necklace as well as Mala. Neck ornaments formed an important part of jewelry of women also and included Guluband, Hans, Har and Hasuli. Nose ornaments were worn solely by women. The variety of nose ornaments worn by women during the Mughal times constituted phul, besar, laung, balu, nath and Phuli. [14] (#cite_note-:3-14) Mughal Jewelry Bracelet, India, Mughal, Rajasthan, Jaipur, 18th century Pendant, India, Mughal, Rajasthan, Jaipur, 18th century Ring, Mughal India, 18th century Oval portrait of a woman in a jeweled Karakul (/wiki/Karakul_(hat)) / Boqta (/wiki/Gugu_hat) , Mughal India, c. 1740–50 Dress [ edit ] Owing to the relative isolation of the ladies in court, due to the Purdah (/wiki/Purdah) , fashion in the early days of the empire adhered to traditional dress of Khurasan (/wiki/Khurasan) and Persia (/wiki/Persia) . In time, the social and diplomatic relationships between the Mughal Dynasty (/wiki/Mughal_Dynasty) and the rest of India ( Rajputana (/wiki/Rajputana) in particular), led to more exchange in accoutrements. [15] (#cite_note-:0-15) Noble women in the court of Babur (/wiki/Babur) or Humayun (/wiki/Humayun) would have begun their outfits with wide loose pants, painted or stripped. Their upper body was covered in loose garments fastened at the neck or with V-shaped necklines. Other articles of clothing included the Yalek (/wiki/Yalek) : a tightly fitting nearly floor-length vest, buttoned in the front, with the chest accentuated, in both short- and long-sleeve varieties. With the addition of Rajput princesses during the reign of Akbar (/wiki/Akbar) , Hindu clothing came to influence the court. The wives and consorts began to dress similarly, regardless of religion. Often the ladies wore multiple layers of clothing, with a tight fitting bodice that stopped short of the navel. The peshwaz, fashionable as a men's garment for a time and later adopted by the women, was added on top. The length hit the knees or lower, the waist fastened closely, and the neckline was in a "V" shape. The opening at the front of the peshwaz would have been decorated in gold. Their lower half were covered either in tight pants ( tunban (/wiki/Perahan_tunban#Tunban) or izar), or in la hengu (/wiki/Gagra_Choli#Lehenga) , which itself was styled like a lungi (/wiki/Lungi) attached at the ends and a band sewn into the top. Muslim women favored the pants style, and Hindu women, the skirt. In either style, the drawstrings were decorated at length with pearls and jewels. [15] (#cite_note-:0-15) Only the costliest clothes of cotton, silk or wool were used. In the zenana, there were multiple costume changes a day, and often an outfit would be worn only once and then given away. The garments themselves were very thin, weighing less than an ounce each, with gold lace added and “muslin so fine as to be almost transparent.” [12] (#cite_note-:1-12) This may account for the breasts occasionally seen in Mughal miniature painting (/wiki/Mughal_miniature_painting) . The head was covered with gold cloths or turbans with feathers. Long gowns ( qaba (/wiki/Qaba) ) or kashmiri shawl (/wiki/Kashmiri_shawl) were used in cold weather. [13] (#cite_note-:2-13) Jamawars were suits of wool with flowers interwoven with wool or silk. Patterned and bejeweled shoes, with distinctively sharp upward curling points and worn down heels were fashionable. [12] (#cite_note-:1-12) Textiles [ edit ] Fabrics of the time included wild goat's hair cloth (tus) and pashmina (/wiki/Pashmina_(material)) , and light and warm wool. Silks were often embroidered with gold and silver thread and embellished with laces. Fabrics such as silk are often thought to be the material of choice for the wealthy, but wool, cotton, and goat-hair fabrics were also highly valuable due to their sensory value (softness, warmth, etc.). [16] (#cite_note-:4-16) In Mughal India, textiles were valued for a variety of reasons, such as for the monetary value of the materials, the sensory qualities, the metaphorical/symbolic attachments, and the socio-political associations. [16] (#cite_note-:4-16) Any and all of these cloths were regularly scented with rose water. Shawls were reportedly so thin they could pass through a finger ring. The various muslins had poetic names like ab-i-rawan , meaning "running water", and daft hawa, meaning "woven air". Each garment would wear out after a single use. [13] (#cite_note-:2-13) Silk [ edit ] Silk was a highly valuable material at the time of the Mughal dynasty, however silk production was not prevalent in the Mughal territories of India. [16] (#cite_note-:4-16) Besides the cultivation of a thicker, off-colored silk from wild silkworms in Assam (/wiki/Assam) , India mainly relied on imports from Iran, China, and Central Asia for silk. [16] (#cite_note-:4-16) Emperor Akbar (/wiki/Akbar) 's invasion of Bengal (/wiki/Bengal) and Kashmir (/wiki/Kashmir) also gave the Mughals access to the silk production in those regions. [16] (#cite_note-:4-16) Cotton [ edit ] Malmal, or Muslin (/wiki/Muslin) , is a cotton cloth that was also highly valued all across Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. [16] (#cite_note-:4-16) Spinners in Bengal would spin the cotton thread in early mornings or on humid afternoons as the fibers are most pliable under warm and humid conditions. [16] (#cite_note-:4-16) Weaving the cotton to make the muslin cloth was an arduous and time-consuming task that could take up to six months for just twenty yards, making malmal equally as or even more expensive than silk. [16] (#cite_note-:4-16) Calico (/wiki/Calico) is another similar cotton cloth to muslin. The two cloths could be easily mistaken, but generally calico is slightly thicker and heavier than muslin. [17] (#cite_note-:5-17) Thin cotton cloths such as these would often be worn in hot weather. Clothing items such as jamas and dupattas (/wiki/Dupatta) could be made out of cotton textiles. Cotton cloth was also often dyed using plants like Citrifolia root and indigo (/wiki/Indigo_dye) , which produced red and blue dye respectively. The process of dyeing the cloth involved submerging the cloth in the indigo solution, laying it out to drain in the air, rinsing the cloth, then washing it with diluted sulfuric acid (/wiki/Sulfuric_acid) to dissolve the residual calcium carbonate (/wiki/Calcium_carbonate) . [17] (#cite_note-:5-17) As well as dyeing, cloth was also painted or stamped, often with floral patterns. Chintz (/wiki/Chintz) was a type of calico fabric that was painted free hand using a bush and pencil or printed with a stamping block. [17] (#cite_note-:5-17) The Artisans [ edit ] In Mughal India, artisans (/wiki/Artisan) were in similar economic standing to peasants. Despite artisans' skill in producing beautiful workmanship and increased patronage of the arts within the ruling class during Mughal times, the average artisan was poorly compensated for their work. [18] (#cite_note-18) Textiles Part of a sari, silk and metal thread, 18th-19th century, Aurangabad, India Fragment of a Turban Cloth, early 19th century, Rajasthan, India Hand painted Indian cotton fabric, chintz panel, 1700-1800, India Sash (Patka) with a Floral Border, India, second half 17th century Portrait of Suraj Singh Rathor, Raja of Marwar and Maternal Uncle of Shah Jahan: A Page from the Prince Khurram Album Mughal imperial court guards during the reign of Shah Jahan, 1656-1657 Portrait of Philip Baldaeus dressed in Mughal robes and a checkered turban, 1668 The emperor Akbar Shah II in Durbar by Ghulam Murtaza Khan Musavvir, 1810 Ram Mohan Roy, a Hindu in the Mughal court See also [ edit ] Būrk (/wiki/B%C5%ABrk) Clothing in India (/wiki/Clothing_in_India) Fūta (/wiki/F%C5%ABta) Islamic clothing (/wiki/Islamic_clothing) Jagulfi (/wiki/Jagulfi) Economy of the Mughal Empire (/wiki/Economy_of_the_Mughal_Empire) Muslin trade in Bengal (/wiki/Muslin_trade_in_Bengal) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) what did Mughals wear? (http://www.dkfindout.com/us/history/mughals/what-did-mughals-wear/) DK find out ^ a b c Mughal dress (http://www.josbd.com/Mughal_dress.html) Josbd ^ (#cite_ref-3) Charles Louis Fabri (1977). Indian Dress: A Brief History . p. 74. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Shadieh Mirmobiny (2001). Persian elements in Rembrandt's work . the University of California. p. 29. ^ (#cite_ref-5) O. C. Gangoly. (1923). Rupam . Princeton University. ^ a b Kumar Roy, Dipak (2013). "Fashion, Attire and Mughal women: A story behind the purdha" (https://www.academia.edu/25626714) . Karimganj College . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Kumar, Ritu (2016). Costumes and Textiles of Royal India . Antique Collectors' Club. ^ (#cite_ref-8) Dey, Gouri (2015). "Fashion and Designing under the Mughals(Akbar to Aurangzeb): A Historical Perspective" (https://ir.nbu.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/2751/20/Full%20thesis%20of%20Gouri%20Dey.pdf) (PDF) . University of North Bengal . ^ (#cite_ref-9) “Men’s mojari. Embroidered leather and silk. Hyderabad, India, 1855–79,” Victoria & Albert Museum. https://www.vandaimages.com/2015HK4416-Mens-mojari-Hyderabad-India-mid-19th-century.html (https://www.vandaimages.com/2015HK4416-Mens-mojari-Hyderabad-India-mid-19th-century.html) ^ (#cite_ref-10) Kour, Gurdeep (2020). "Versatility in Designs of Punjabi Jutti" (https://chitrolekha.com/ns/v4n1/v4n102.pdf) (PDF) . Desh Bhagat University . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Azer Ansari, Mohd (1997). The Harem of the Great Mughals (Part II) . Amol Publications. pp. 65–68. ^ a b c d Lal, K.S. (1988). The Mughal Harem . New Delhi: Aditya Prakashan. pp. 121–123. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 8185179034 . ^ a b c Abraham (2007). The Mughal World . New Delhi: Penguin Books India. pp. 139–142. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780143102625 . ^ a b Syed, Dr. Nafisa Ali (2015). Mughal Jewellery . India: Partridge. pp. 21–23. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4828-4271-5 – via open edition. ^ a b Azer Ansari, Mohd. (1997). "The Harem of the Great Mughals (Part II)". In Taher, Mohamed (ed.). Mughal India: Part I . Encyclopaedic survey of Islamic culture. Vol. 9. New Delhi: Amol Publications. pp. 65–68. OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 258368756 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/258368756) . ^ a b c d e f g h Houghteling, Sylvia. "THE EMPEROR'S HUMBLER CLOTHES: Textures of Courtly Dress in Seventeenth-century South Asia". Ars Orientalis . 47 : 91–116 – via JSTOR. ^ a b c Hasan, S. Bashir. "TEXTILE PRODUCTION IN MUGHAL MALWA". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress . 54 : 318–324 – via JSTOR. ^ (#cite_ref-18) Eraly, Abraham (2007). The Mughal World: Life in India's Last Golden Age . Penguin Books India. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-14-310262-5 . Further reading [ edit ] Roe, T., & Foster, William. (1899). The embassy of Sir Thomas Roe to the court of the Great Mogul, 1615-1619 : As narrated in his journal and correspondence (https://books.google.com/books?id=6ZgsAQAAMAAJ) (Works issued by the Hakluyt Society ; 2nd ser., no. 1). London: Printed for the Hakluyt society Bernier, F., Brock, Irving, & Constable, Archibald. (1968). Travels in the Mogul empire, A. D. 1656-1668 (https://books.google.com/books?id=1SNVqzrDJmIC&q=bernier%20travels%20in%20mogul%20india) . (A rev. and improved [2d] ed. based upon Irving Brock's translation, by Archibald Constable.. ed.). Delhi: S. Chand. Manucci, N., & Irvine, William. (1981). Storia do Mogor; or, Mogul India, 1653-1708 (https://books.google.com/books?id=MJtEAQAAMAAJ&q=Storia+do+Mogor;+or,+Mogul+India,+1653-1708.) . Cornell: Oriental Books Reprint Corp. v t e Mughal Empire (/wiki/Mughal_Empire) Emperors (/wiki/Mughal_emperors) Babur (/wiki/Babur) Humayun (/wiki/Humayun) Akbar (/wiki/Akbar) Jahangir (/wiki/Jahangir) Shahryar (/wiki/Shahryar_Mirza) Shah Jahan (/wiki/Shah_Jahan) Aurangzeb (Alamgir I) (/wiki/Aurangzeb) Muhammad Azam Shah (/wiki/Muhammad_Azam_Shah) Bahadur Shah I (/wiki/Bahadur_Shah_I) Jahandar Shah (/wiki/Jahandar_Shah) Farrukhsiyar (/wiki/Farrukhsiyar) Rafi ud-Darajat (/wiki/Rafi_ud-Darajat) Shah Jahan II (/wiki/Shah_Jahan_II) Muhammad Shah (/wiki/Muhammad_Shah) Ahmad Shah Bahadur (/wiki/Ahmad_Shah_Bahadur) Alamgir II (/wiki/Alamgir_II) Shah Jahan III (/wiki/Shah_Jahan_III) Shah Alam II (/wiki/Shah_Alam_II) Shah Jahan IV (/wiki/Mahmud_Shah_Bahadur) Akbar II (/wiki/Akbar_II) Bahadur Shah II (/wiki/Bahadur_Shah_Zafar) Administration Dynasty (/wiki/Timurid_dynasty) family tree (/wiki/Timurid_family_tree) Economy (/wiki/Economy_of_the_Mughal_Empire) Flag (/wiki/Flag_of_the_Mughal_Empire) 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(/wiki/Ahom%E2%80%93Mughal_conflicts) Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal war (/wiki/Tibet%E2%80%93Ladakh%E2%80%93Mughal_war) Mughal–Maratha wars (/wiki/Mughal%E2%80%93Maratha_wars) Child's war (/wiki/Child%27s_war) Carnatic wars (/wiki/Carnatic_wars) Bengal war (/wiki/Bengal_war) Indian Rebellion of 1857 (/wiki/Indian_Rebellion_of_1857) Mughal–Sikh wars (/wiki/List_of_battles_between_Mughals_and_Sikhs) Mughal–Portuguese conflicts (/wiki/Mughal%E2%80%93Portuguese_conflicts) Battles (/wiki/Category:Battles_involving_the_Mughal_Empire) Agra (/wiki/Battle_of_Agra) Badli-ki-Serai (/wiki/Battle_of_Badli-ki-Serai) Bhuchar Mori (/wiki/Battle_of_Bhuchar_Mori) Buxar (/wiki/Battle_of_Buxar) Chanderi (/wiki/Battle_of_Chanderi) Chausa (/wiki/Battle_of_Chausa) Ghagra (/wiki/Battle_of_Ghaghra) Haldighati (/wiki/Battle_of_Haldighati) Karnal (/wiki/Battle_of_Karnal) Khajwa (/wiki/Battle_of_Khajwa) Khanwa (/wiki/Battle_of_Khanwa) Najafgarh (/wiki/Battle_of_Najafgarh) Panipat (1526) (/wiki/First_Battle_of_Panipat) 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(/wiki/Baro-Bhuyan#Baro-Bhuiyans_of_Bengal) Isa Khan (/wiki/Isa_Khan) Khwaja Usman (/wiki/Khwaja_Usman) Bayazid of Sylhet (/wiki/Bayazid_of_Sylhet) Musa Khan (/wiki/Musa_Khan_of_Bengal) Pratapaditya (/wiki/Pratapaditya) Ibrahim Lodi (/wiki/Ibrahim_Lodi) Rana Sanga (/wiki/Rana_Sanga) Sher Shah Suri (/wiki/Sher_Shah_Suri) Hemu (/wiki/Hemu) Maharana Pratap (/wiki/Maharana_Pratap) Malik Ambar (/wiki/Malik_Ambar) Gokula (/wiki/Gokula) Shivaji (/wiki/Shivaji) Lachit Borphukan (/wiki/Lachit_Borphukan) Khushal Khattak (/wiki/Khushal_Khattak) Josiah Child (/wiki/Sir_John_Child,_1st_Baronet) Guru Gobind Singh (/wiki/Guru_Gobind_Singh) Henry Every (/wiki/Henry_Every) Bajirao I (/wiki/Bajirao_I) Nader Shah (/wiki/Nader_Shah) Hector Munro (/wiki/Hector_Munro,_8th_laird_of_Novar) Architecture (/wiki/Mughal_architecture) Forts and palaces Agra Fort (/wiki/Agra_Fort) Lahore Fort (/wiki/Lahore_Fort) Lalbagh Fort (/wiki/Lalbagh_Fort) Red Fort (/wiki/Red_Fort) Jahangir Mahal (/wiki/Jahangir_Mahal,_Orchha) Sheesh Mahal (/wiki/Sheesh_Mahal_(Lahore_Fort)) Mosques (/wiki/Category:Mughal_mosques) Alamgir Mosque, Aurangabad (/wiki/Alamgir_Mosque,_Aurangabad) Jama Masjid (Delhi) (/wiki/Jama_Masjid,_Delhi) Chawk Mosque (/wiki/Chawk_Mosque) Badshahi Mosque (/wiki/Badshahi_Mosque) Shah Jahan Mosque, Thatta (/wiki/Shah_Jahan_Mosque,_Thatta) Sunehri Masjid (/wiki/Sunehri_Masjid,_Lahore) Wazir Khan Mosque (/wiki/Wazir_Khan_Mosque) Tombs and mausoleums (/wiki/Category:Mughal_tombs) Akbar's Tomb (/wiki/Tomb_of_Akbar_the_Great) Bibi Ka Maqbara (/wiki/Bibi_Ka_Maqbara) Gardens of Babur (/wiki/Gardens_of_Babur) Humayun's Tomb (/wiki/Humayun%27s_Tomb) Jahangir's Tomb (/wiki/Tomb_of_Jahangir) Taj Mahal (/wiki/Taj_Mahal) Tomb of Salim Chishti (/wiki/Tomb_of_Salim_Chishti) Tomb of Aurangzeb (/wiki/Tomb_of_Aurangzeb) Tomb of Nur Jahan (/wiki/Tomb_of_Nur_Jahan) List of tombs of Mughal Empire (/wiki/List_of_tombs_of_Mughal_Empire) Others Fatehpur Sikri (/wiki/Fatehpur_Sikri) Shalimar Gardens (/wiki/Shalimar_Gardens,_Lahore) Achabal Gardens (/wiki/Achabal_Gardens) Shahi Bridge (/wiki/Shahi_Bridge,_Jaunpur) more (/wiki/Category:Mughal_architecture) See also Art (/wiki/Islamic_art) Cuisine (/wiki/Mughlai_cuisine) Culture (/wiki/Indo-Persian_culture) Fashion Gardens (/wiki/Mughal_garden) Language (/wiki/Persian_language_in_South_Asia) Painting (/wiki/Mughal_painting) Persian Mughals (/wiki/Persians_in_the_Mughal_Empire) Tribe (/wiki/Mughal_tribe) Weapons (/wiki/Mughal_weapons) Foreign relations (/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Mughal_Empire) Successor states Sur Empire (/wiki/Sur_Empire) ( interrupted ) Maratha Empire (/wiki/Maratha_Empire) Rajput states (/wiki/Rajputana) Jats (/wiki/Jat_people) Sikh Empire (/wiki/Sikh_Empire) Nawabs of Bengal (/wiki/Nawabs_of_Bengal_and_Murshidabad) Nawabs of Awadh (/wiki/Nawab_of_Awadh) Nizam of Hyderabad (/wiki/Hyderabad_State) Carnatic (/wiki/Carnatic_state) Kingdom of Mysore (/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mysore) Rohilkhand 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American online retailer of prescription glasses and sunglasses Zenni Optical Formerly 19dollareyeglasses.com Company type Private (/wiki/Privately_held_company) Industry Online shopping (/wiki/Online_shopping) Founded 2003 ; 21 years ago ( 2003 ) in California Founders Tibor Láczay Julia Zhen Headquarters Novato, California (/wiki/Novato,_California) , United States Key people Julia Zhen ( CEO (/wiki/Chief_executive_officer) ) David Ting ( CTO (/wiki/Chief_technology_officer) ) Products Prescription glasses (/wiki/Prescription_glasses) Sunglasses (/wiki/Sunglasses) Contact lenses (/wiki/Contact_lens) Website www (https://www.zennioptical.com/) .zennioptical (https://www.zennioptical.com/) .com (https://www.zennioptical.com/) Zenni Optical (formerly 19dollareyeglasses.com ) is an American online retailer (/wiki/Online_retailer) of prescription glasses (/wiki/Prescription_glasses) and sunglasses (/wiki/Sunglasses) . Founded in 2003 by Tibor Laczay and Julia Zhen, it is based in Novato, California (/wiki/Novato,_California) . The company sells more than 2,000 types of prescription glasses and sunglasses (/wiki/Sunglasses) as well as 45 types of contact lenses (/wiki/Contact_lens) . Zenni created theme glasses through collaborations with professional gamers, sportspeople, the designer Iris Apfel (/wiki/Iris_Apfel) and the actress Rashida Jones (/wiki/Rashida_Jones) . It is able to keep costs low by selling its own brand of frames instead of name brands (/wiki/Name_brand) , manufacturing frames in China in a Danyang (/wiki/Danyang,_Jiangsu) , factory, and not offering customer support. Reviewers praised Zenni for its low prices, diversity of options, and having sturdy glasses for children. After trying Zenni glasses, Los Angeles Times (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times) consumer columnist David Lazarus (/wiki/David_Lazarus) found the "overall quality was pretty good" but his frames did not fit well and needed to be adjusted by an optician, while Reviewed (/wiki/Reviewed_(website)) ' s Madison Durham said the glasses' prescription did not match the standard of competitors'. Reviewers found Zenni's return policy (/wiki/Return_policy) to be inferior compared to competitors. History [ edit ] Zenni Optical mail order Zenni Optical was founded in 2003 by Tibor Laczay and Julia Zhen. [1] (#cite_note-Ingrassia2020-1) [2] (#cite_note-Cowley2018-10-16-2) Before being renamed to Zenni Optical when it began offering $7 and $8 glasses, the company was named 19dollareyeglasses.com. [3] (#cite_note-Darlin2007-05-05-3) [4] (#cite_note-Manjoo2008-08-27-4) [5] (#cite_note-Lehrer2016-02-08-5) Around 2014, co-founder Zhen acquired the building occupied by the Marin Independent Journal (/wiki/Marin_Independent_Journal) to house Zenni. [6] (#cite_note-Bowles2014-08-05-6) The company is based in Novato, California (/wiki/Novato,_California) , where it employed 100 people in 2020. [7] (#cite_note-Narayan2020-02-07-7) It has 1,000 employees at its 248,000-square-foot Chinese factory in Danyang, Jiangsu (/wiki/Danyang,_Jiangsu) . [7] (#cite_note-Narayan2020-02-07-7) [8] (#cite_note-Parker2016-06-21-8) The company operates a California warehouse to support West Coast (/wiki/West_Coast_of_the_United_States) orders. In 2020, it purchased a building in Obetz, Ohio (/wiki/Obetz,_Ohio) , to act as a lab that molded lenses for frames employed nearly 100 people there by the end of 2022. The Ohio facility is twice as large as the California one. [9] (#cite_note-Ghose2022-11-01-9) In 2022, robots took the place of some workers at Zenni's Novato facility. The robots checked a glasses' color and shape to confirm it is assigned to the right customer's bag. [10] (#cite_note-Nichols2022-06-24-10) [11] (#cite_note-Inquirer2022-09-04-11) At the beginning of the 2018–19 NBA season (/wiki/2018%E2%80%9319_NBA_season) , Zenni's name started being featured on the left side of the Chicago Bulls (/wiki/Chicago_Bulls) jersey. The company inked an agreement with the NBA team that lasted five years, allowing it to become the first brand featured on the Bulls' jersey patch. [2] (#cite_note-Cowley2018-10-16-2) Bulls team members Ryan Arcidiacono (/wiki/Ryan_Arcidiacono) , Wendell Carter Jr. (/wiki/Wendell_Carter_Jr.) , and Zach LaVine (/wiki/Zach_LaVine) became Zenni ambassadors. [12] (#cite_note-Baxley2020-09-26-12) The company released an ad during Super Bowl LIV (/wiki/Super_Bowl_LIV) in February 2020 that featured George Kittle (/wiki/George_Kittle) , a San Francisco 49ers (/wiki/San_Francisco_49ers) tight end (/wiki/Tight_end) . [7] (#cite_note-Narayan2020-02-07-7) A number of customers who visited their website after seeing the commercial encountered a message that eyeglasses deliveries would be delayed for between three and four weeks owing to the government's required suspension of factory work in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_mainland_China) . [7] (#cite_note-Narayan2020-02-07-7) In 2013, Zenni had average daily sales of 3,500 glasses, which the San Francisco Chronicle (/wiki/San_Francisco_Chronicle) said made it "one of the largest online purveyors of eyewear in the world". [13] (#cite_note-McDowell2013-10-24-13) In 2019, the company sold almost six million glasses that year. [14] (#cite_note-Lundstrom2020-06-22-14) Zenni had $390 million in revenue in 2021 and in 2022 had sold 45 million glasses starting from its founding. [9] (#cite_note-Ghose2022-11-01-9) [15] (#cite_note-Reynolds2022-06-27-15) Website and products [ edit ] Two individuals wearing Zenni Optical eyeglasses The company sells glasses and sunglasses (/wiki/Sunglasses) on the Internet only. [16] (#cite_note-Hunt2022-06-22-16) [17] (#cite_note-Cox2023-01-24-17) It sells 2,300 frames and supports progressive lens (/wiki/Progressive_lens) and bifocals (/wiki/Bifocals) . [17] (#cite_note-Cox2023-01-24-17) Zenni began selling contact lenses (/wiki/Contact_lens) in 2024, offering 45 types at launch. [18] (#cite_note-Kagan2024-06-11-18) It is able to keep costs down compared to glasses specialty stores by offering brands they have created instead of name brands (/wiki/Name_brand) . [19] (#cite_note-Schencker2018-11-10-19) The company's designers create every glasses frame sold on its website. The designers work with professional gamers and people in sports halls of fame (/wiki/Halls_of_fame) to create themed glasses. Customers can add a tailor-made etching to the glasses' arm. [20] (#cite_note-Ling2023-01-23-20) The company offers prescription safety glasses (/wiki/Safety_glasses) marketed for people studying science and collaborated with Rashida Jones (/wiki/Rashida_Jones) for a line she organizes. [21] (#cite_note-Durham2021-01-14-21) It has a four-year contract with the designer Iris Apfel (/wiki/Iris_Apfel) to create a line of glasses. [22] (#cite_note-Kapner2021-08-21-22) Zenni offers a collection of glasses constructed entirely from recycled plastic (/wiki/Recycled_plastic) . [20] (#cite_note-Ling2023-01-23-20) It distributes some money made from sales of that collection, "ReMakes by Zenni", to One Percent for the Planet (/wiki/One_Percent_for_the_Planet) and the Wyland Foundation, two non-profit organizations focused on the environment. [20] (#cite_note-Ling2023-01-23-20) The company's blog features listicles (/wiki/Listicle) and articles (/wiki/Article_(publishing)) that discuss their products, arranging them by popular-culture occurrences and various subject matter such as Harry Potter (/wiki/Harry_Potter) houses and the zodiac (/wiki/Zodiac) . [21] (#cite_note-Durham2021-01-14-21) The website allows users to select frames by size, shape, color, and material. [23] (#cite_note-Hildebrandt2020-04-20-23) Zenni tracks their users' frame choices in an Oracle (/wiki/Oracle_Corporation) database to give the company a better idea of the inventory it needs to maintain. [24] (#cite_note-Horowitz2018-11-21-24) It provides a widget that allows customers to do an online fitting of eyeglass frames. [16] (#cite_note-Hunt2022-06-22-16) The first option is Zenni Frame Fit. [20] (#cite_note-Ling2023-01-23-20) After transferring their photo to the website, a user can put a frame on their face. [25] (#cite_note-Hunt2014-10-28-25) The second option is 3D Try-On in which users generate a 3-D rendering of their face, giving them the opportunity to observe their glasses-adorned face from different perspectives. [20] (#cite_note-Ling2023-01-23-20) Writing in Reviewed (/wiki/Reviewed_(website)) , Madison Durham said the Try-On "works, but ultimately wasn't as comprehensive or workable as others we've tried". [21] (#cite_note-Durham2021-01-14-21) To order glasses, customers need to provide their eyeglass prescription (/wiki/Eyeglass_prescription) and a measurement of their pupillary distance (/wiki/Pupillary_distance) (PD). [25] (#cite_note-Hunt2014-10-28-25) Zenni has a web page that supports measuring the PD. [19] (#cite_note-Schencker2018-11-10-19) Columnist Mary Hunt praised Zenni for offering "the absolute cheapest prices on plastic frames" and said it has "a wide range of frame styles and lens options". [16] (#cite_note-Hunt2022-06-22-16) All glasses delivered to customers are accompanied by a glasses holder and a cloth for cleaning. [21] (#cite_note-Durham2021-01-14-21) [26] (#cite_note-Munro2013-09-13-26) The company's products have a warranty (/wiki/Warranty) of 30 days in which they can receive either a 100% credit to be used to purchase other products or 50% of their money back. [16] (#cite_note-Hunt2022-06-22-16) [27] (#cite_note-Giorgianni2016-12-29-27) The health website Everyday Health (/wiki/Everyday_Health) said "the return policy (/wiki/Return_policy) for Zenni orders isn't as competitive as other retailers' return policies" and Wirecutter (/wiki/Wirecutter_(website)) said the retailer has "an inferior return policy". [20] (#cite_note-Ling2023-01-23-20) [28] (#cite_note-Redd2022-12-02-28) Authors Daniel Padgett and Andrew Loos said that Zenni competitor Warby Parker (/wiki/Warby_Parker) allows customers to ship and return products without charge whereas Zenni is "less lenient". [29] (#cite_note-Padgett17-29) Reception [ edit ] Columnist Mary Hunt said in 2022 that "while in the past Zenni has fallen short for its customer service, the company has really stepped it up in recent years". [16] (#cite_note-Hunt2022-06-22-16) On a report for purchasing glasses, the consumer organization Consumer Reports (/wiki/Consumer_Reports) placed Zenni in the third position behind Costco (/wiki/Costco) 's Costco Optical and Warby Parker (/wiki/Warby_Parker) . [16] (#cite_note-Hunt2022-06-22-16) Kiplinger's Personal Finance (/wiki/Kiplinger%27s_Personal_Finance) ' s Ryan Wilk in 2009 called Zenni's website "usable but [a] downright eyesore". Wilk purchased glasses from Zenni and compared them to those he could have gotten from Oliver Peoples (/wiki/Oliver_Peoples) which would have cost several hundred more. He said, "My pair was not as sturdy as the Peoples pair, but they looked just as sharp, and I could see just fine." [30] (#cite_note-Wilk2009-01-26-30) According to the Wirecutter (/wiki/Wirecutter_(website)) , "Despite Zenni's ultra-low prices, we found that it surpassed our expectations, sometimes impressively so." [28] (#cite_note-Redd2022-12-02-28) Reviewed (/wiki/Reviewed_(website)) ' s Madison Durham criticized Zenni for being "a bit low on amenities" when contrasted with competitors and said glasses for competitors had a better prescription standard compared to the glasses she received from Zenni. She praised it for having "awesome product lines available for kids and teens". She said the teen glasses frames "managed to be trendy without trying too hard" and lauded how the kids' products were very sturdy glasses "that's designed to move as they move and stand up to play". [21] (#cite_note-Durham2021-01-14-21) StyleCaster (/wiki/StyleCaster) 's Kristen Bousquet wrote, "Does a lower price point mean lower quality? And with Zenni, it actually didn't. I was genuinely surprised to find that Zenni's frames held up to my day-to-day manhandling as well as the other frames I tested for this piece." [31] (#cite_note-Bousquet2019-03-31-31) Popular Mechanics (/wiki/Popular_Mechanics) ' s Eleanor Hildebrandt said that the outlet is a good option for people who frequently damage their glasses. [23] (#cite_note-Hildebrandt2020-04-20-23) Clark Howard (/wiki/Clark_Howard) said Zenni eyeglasses have such low prices for two reasons: Zenni manufactures them in China and once the glasses are sold, there is no customer service. He said the latter reason has "led some of my listeners to become disenchanted with Zenni" though he said he did not have issues through several purchases through Zenni." [32] (#cite_note-Howard2011-32) Los Angeles Times (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times) consumer columnist David Lazarus (/wiki/David_Lazarus) wrote in 2019 of Zenni, "The more you rely on complex lenses, premium coatings and prisms, the more of a risk you'll face that things might not work out." He noted that the company was unable to support his prescription that required both prism correction (/wiki/Prism_correction) and progressive lens (/wiki/Progressive_lens) so he had to purchase two glasses. After receiving the glasses, Lazarus found that the frames "had looked pretty cool online [but] appeared a bit cheaper in person". He found that the "overall quality was pretty good" even though he had to ask his optician to alter the frames since they had trouble fitting properly. [33] (#cite_note-Lazarus2019-02-12-33) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Ingrassia2020_1-0) Ingrassia, Lawrence (2020). Billion Dollar Brand Club: How Dollar Shave Club, Warby Parker, and Other Disruptors Are Remaking What We Buy . New York: St. Martin's Griffin (/wiki/St._Martin%27s_Griffin) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-250-31306-5 . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230227055947/https://books.google.com/books?id=nnKVDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT60) from the original on February 27, 2023 . Retrieved February 27, 2023 – via Google Books (/wiki/Google_Books) . ^ a b Cowley, Joe (/wiki/Joe_Cowley) (October 16, 2018). "Bulls name franchise's first jersey patch sponsor" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230227020900/https://chicago.suntimes.com/sports/chicago-bulls-new-sponsorship-deal-jersey-patch-2018/) . Chicago Sun-Times (/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times) . Archived from the original (https://chicago.suntimes.com/sports/chicago-bulls-new-sponsorship-deal-jersey-patch-2018/) on February 27, 2023 . 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External links [ edit ] Media related to Zenni Optical (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Zenni_Optical) at Wikimedia Commons Official website (https://www.zennioptical.com/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐c85b9bc65‐5cczf Cached time: 20240720110506 Cache expiry: 996896 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.482 seconds Real time usage: 0.556 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3411/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 89432/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2981/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 142153/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.302/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6753849/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 508.779 1 -total 58.64% 298.337 1 Template:Reflist 28.92% 147.160 27 Template:Cite_news 19.97% 101.606 3 Template:Cite_book 18.22% 92.703 1 Template:Infobox_company 16.41% 83.495 1 Template:Infobox 9.43% 47.988 1 Template:Short_description 6.45% 32.800 2 Template:Pagetype 3.18% 16.173 3 Template:Cite_magazine 2.45% 12.452 1 Template:Multiple_image Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:59267804-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720110506 and revision id 1235639724. 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(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Category-Class_fashion_articles?from=U) V (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Category-Class_fashion_articles?from=V) W (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Category-Class_fashion_articles?from=W) X (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Category-Class_fashion_articles?from=X) Y (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Category-Class_fashion_articles?from=Y) Z (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Category-Class_fashion_articles?from=Z) * (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Category-Class_fashion_articles?from=*) # 0 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Category-Class_fashion_articles?from=0) 1 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Category-Class_fashion_articles?from=1) 2 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Category-Class_fashion_articles?from=2) 3 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Category-Class_fashion_articles?from=3) 4 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Category-Class_fashion_articles?from=4) 5 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Category-Class fashion articles" The following 200 pages are in this category, out of approximately 1,295 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . (previous page) ( next page (/w/index.php?title=Category:Category-Class_fashion_articles&pagefrom=Belgian+women+fashion+designers#mw-pages) ) 0–9 Category talk:12th-century fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:12th-century_fashion) Category talk:13th-century fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:13th-century_fashion) Category talk:14th-century fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:14th-century_fashion) Category talk:15th-century fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:15th-century_fashion) Category talk:16th-century fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:16th-century_fashion) Category talk:16th-century Scottish tailors (/wiki/Category_talk:16th-century_Scottish_tailors) Category talk:16th-century tailors (/wiki/Category_talk:16th-century_tailors) Category talk:17th-century fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:17th-century_fashion) Category talk:18th-century fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:18th-century_fashion) Category talk:19th-century clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:19th-century_clothing) Category talk:19th-century fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:19th-century_fashion) Category talk:20th-century beauty pageant contestants (/wiki/Category_talk:20th-century_beauty_pageant_contestants) Category talk:20th-century clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:20th-century_clothing) Category talk:20th-century fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:20th-century_fashion) Category talk:20th-century Miss USA delegates by decade (/wiki/Category_talk:20th-century_Miss_USA_delegates_by_decade) Category talk:20th-century tailors (/wiki/Category_talk:20th-century_tailors) Category talk:21st-century beauty pageant contestants (/wiki/Category_talk:21st-century_beauty_pageant_contestants) Category talk:21st-century clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:21st-century_clothing) Category talk:21st-century fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:21st-century_fashion) Category talk:21st-century Miss International delegates (/wiki/Category_talk:21st-century_Miss_International_delegates) Category talk:1700s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1700s_fashion) Category talk:1710s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1710s_fashion) Category talk:1720s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1720s_fashion) Category talk:1730s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1730s_fashion) Category talk:1740s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1740s_fashion) Category talk:1750s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1750s_fashion) Category talk:1760s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1760s_fashion) Category talk:1770s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1770s_fashion) Category talk:1780s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1780s_fashion) Category talk:1790s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1790s_fashion) Category talk:1800s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1800s_fashion) Category talk:1810s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1810s_fashion) Category talk:1820s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1820s_fashion) Category talk:1830s clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1830s_clothing) Category talk:1830s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1830s_fashion) Category talk:1840s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1840s_fashion) Category talk:1850s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1850s_fashion) Category talk:1860s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1860s_fashion) Category talk:1870s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1870s_fashion) Category talk:1880s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1880s_fashion) Category talk:1890s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1890s_fashion) Category talk:1900s clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1900s_clothing) Category talk:1900s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1900s_fashion) Category talk:1907 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1907_clothing) Category talk:1910s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1910s_fashion) Category talk:1920s clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1920s_clothing) Category talk:1920s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1920s_fashion) Category talk:1924 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1924_clothing) Category talk:1926 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1926_clothing) Category talk:1927 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1927_clothing) Category talk:1930s clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1930s_clothing) Category talk:1930s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1930s_fashion) Category talk:1931 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1931_clothing) Category talk:1940s clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1940s_clothing) Category talk:1940s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1940s_fashion) Category talk:1942 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1942_clothing) Category talk:1946 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1946_clothing) Category talk:1948 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1948_clothing) Category talk:1950s clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1950s_clothing) Category talk:1950s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1950s_fashion) Category talk:1953 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1953_clothing) Category talk:1954 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1954_clothing) Category talk:1955 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1955_clothing) Category talk:1960s clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1960s_clothing) Category talk:1960s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1960s_fashion) Category talk:1961 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1961_clothing) Category talk:1962 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1962_clothing) Category talk:1965 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1965_clothing) Category talk:1965 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1965_in_fashion) Category talk:1966 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1966_clothing) Category talk:1970s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1970s_fashion) Category talk:1973 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1973_in_fashion) Category talk:1980 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1980_clothing) Category talk:1980s clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1980s_clothing) Category talk:1980s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1980s_fashion) Category talk:1981 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1981_clothing) Category talk:1983 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1983_clothing) Category talk:1985 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1985_clothing) Category talk:1987 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1987_clothing) Category talk:1990s clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1990s_clothing) Category talk:1990s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:1990s_fashion) Category talk:1991 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1991_clothing) Category talk:1994 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1994_clothing) Category talk:1995 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1995_clothing) Category talk:1997 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1997_clothing) Category talk:1999 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:1999_clothing) Category talk:2000 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:2000_clothing) Category talk:2000 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2000_in_fashion) Category talk:2000s clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:2000s_clothing) Category talk:2000s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2000s_fashion) Category talk:2001 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:2001_clothing) Category talk:2001 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2001_in_fashion) Category talk:2002 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:2002_clothing) Category talk:2002 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2002_in_fashion) Category talk:2003 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2003_in_fashion) Category talk:2004 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:2004_clothing) Category talk:2004 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2004_in_fashion) Category talk:2005 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2005_in_fashion) Category talk:2006 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:2006_clothing) Category talk:2006 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2006_in_fashion) Category talk:2007 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:2007_clothing) Category talk:2007 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2007_in_fashion) Category talk:2008 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2008_in_fashion) Category talk:2009 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2009_in_fashion) Category talk:2010 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:2010_clothing) Category talk:2010 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2010_in_fashion) Category talk:2010s clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:2010s_clothing) Category talk:2010s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2010s_fashion) Category talk:2011 clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:2011_clothing) Category talk:2011 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2011_in_fashion) Category talk:2012 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2012_in_fashion) Category talk:2013 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2013_in_fashion) Category talk:2014 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2014_in_fashion) Category talk:2015 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2015_in_fashion) Category talk:2016 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2016_in_fashion) Category talk:2017 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2017_in_fashion) Category talk:2018 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2018_in_fashion) Category talk:2019 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2019_in_fashion) Category talk:2020 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2020_in_fashion) Category talk:2020s clothing (/wiki/Category_talk:2020s_clothing) Category talk:2020s fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2020s_fashion) Category talk:2021 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2021_in_fashion) Category talk:2022 in fashion (/wiki/Category_talk:2022_in_fashion) A Category talk:A-Class fashion articles (/wiki/Category_talk:A-Class_fashion_articles) Category talk:Academic dress (/wiki/Category_talk:Academic_dress) Category talk:Activities in underwear (/wiki/Category_talk:Activities_in_underwear) Category talk:Adaptive clothing 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American streetwear company This article is an orphan (/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan) , as no other articles link to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=Warren_Lotas&namespace=0) . Please introduce links (/wiki/Help:Link) to this page from related articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=Warren+Lotas&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=Warren+Lotas) ; try the Find link tool (https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=Warren_Lotas) for suggestions. ( November 2023 ) Warren Lotas Company type Private Industry Streetwear Founded 2018 Headquarters Los Angeles, CA Area served North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Australasia Products Clothing, Shoes, Accessories Website warrenlotas.com Warren Lotas is a Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) –based streetwear (/wiki/Streetwear) company. Started in 2014 and incorporated in 2018, Warren Lotas is best known for its graphic-heavy T-shirts and hoodies. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) While most items are sold via E-commerce (/wiki/E-commerce) , Warren Lotas also has a retail store location in Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) , and its clothing can be found in luxury department stores around the world. [2] (#cite_note-2) History [ edit ] The Warren Lotas brand, created by its eponymous designer, began in Boston (/wiki/Boston) under the name BILL by Warren Lotas. Designing from his college dorm room, Lotas became interested in DIY punk style (/wiki/Punk_fashion) , distinguishing himself with signature skeletal motifs and handwritten calligraphy, as well by applying unique treatments such as slashing, distressing (/wiki/Distressing) , and burning, to reappropriated garments. [3] (#cite_note-3) In 2020, Warren Lotas was involved in a trademark infringement (/wiki/Trademark_infringement) lawsuit with Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) over a reinterpreted SB Dunk Low. [4] (#cite_note-4) The parties settled claims shortly after the suit became public. [5] (#cite_note-5) The case was recognized for its role in the discussion as to what extent a bootleg sneaker is a knockoff (/wiki/Counterfeit_consumer_good) versus homage. (/wiki/Homage_(arts)) [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) Since 2021, Warren Lotas has collaborated with the NBA (/wiki/National_Basketball_Association) on numerous arena-exclusive clothing releases. [8] (#cite_note-:1-8) In 2022, Warren Lotas opened its first flagship retail location in West Hollywood (/wiki/West_Hollywood,_California) , Los Angeles. [9] (#cite_note-9) Style [ edit ] Warren Lotas’s style is most widely recognized for its graphic-heavy designs inspired by punk, motorcyclist (/wiki/Motorcycling) , and Western cinema (/wiki/Western_(genre)) aesthetics. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Flames and skeletal figures are common motifs across many designs. Corresponding to some styles are fictional narratives, either digital or written on physical cards, that contextualize designs and the characters within them, as exemplified by the “Port Royal” theme of the Warren Lotas website. [10] (#cite_note-10) Warren Lotas is also known for a sports catalogue via partnerships with the NBA (/wiki/NBA) , [8] (#cite_note-:1-8) NFL (/wiki/National_Football_League) , [11] (#cite_note-11) and college sports (/wiki/College_sports) . [12] (#cite_note-:2-12) Recalling the handcrafted (/wiki/Handicraft) origins of the brand, Warren Lotas produces handmade, one-of-one pieces that are often worn by celebrity Hip-Hop (/wiki/Hip_hop_music) artists or athletes. [13] (#cite_note-13) Collaborations [ edit ] Warren Lotas regularly collaborates with musical artists, business-to-consumer (/wiki/Direct-to-consumer) companies, [14] (#cite_note-14) and other streetwear (/wiki/Streetwear) brands. [15] (#cite_note-15) Most notably, Warren Lotas collaborated with The Weeknd (/wiki/The_Weeknd) in 2019 on an exclusive XO collection. [16] (#cite_note-16) The two teamed up again for Super Bowl LV (/wiki/Super_Bowl_LV) in 2021. [17] (#cite_note-17) Warren Lotas also collaborated with Dodge (/wiki/Dodge) in 2021 on an SRT collection. [18] (#cite_note-18) In 2022, Warren Lotas and Bad Bunny (/wiki/Bad_Bunny) collaborated on Un Verano Sin Ti (/wiki/Un_Verano_Sin_Ti) - themed T-shirts and hoodies. [19] (#cite_note-19) Warren Lotas has held numerous sports-themed releases in collaboration with the NBA (/wiki/NBA) , [8] (#cite_note-:1-8) NFL (/wiki/National_Football_League) , [20] (#cite_note-20) and Collegiate Licensing Company (/wiki/Collegiate_Licensing_Company) . [12] (#cite_note-:2-12) References [ edit ] ^ a b "23 Underground Clothing Brands You Need to Know" (https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/23-underground-clothing-brands-know-220000254.html) . Yahoo Entertainment . 2022-11-30 . Retrieved 2023-11-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Maxfield LA Enlists Long Lineup of Collaborators for 50th Anniversary" (https://hypebeast.com/2019/11/maxfield-la-50th-anniversary-collaborations) . Hypebeast . 2019-11-05 . Retrieved 2023-11-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "BILL by Warren Lotas' Founder Describes His Inspiration for Young Entrepreneurs" (https://hypebeast.com/2016/6/bill-by-warren-lotas-interview) . Hypebeast . 2016-06-06 . Retrieved 2023-11-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Hays, Kali (2020-10-16). "Streetwear Brand Warren Lotas Closes Site Amid Nike Lawsuit" (https://wwd.com/feature/warren-lotas-streetwear-site-shutdown-sued-over-nike-dunks-copies-1234637297/) . WWD . Retrieved 2023-11-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Nike Settles With L.A. Streetwear Brand Over Alleged Fake Shoes" (https://news.bloomberglaw.com/ip-law/nike-settles-with-l-a-streetwear-brand-over-alleged-fake-shoes) . news.bloomberglaw.com . Retrieved 2023-11-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Are These Sneakers Knockoffs—or High-Art Homage?" (https://www.gq.com/story/nike-dunk-pigeon-knockoff) . GQ . 2020-11-12 . Retrieved 2023-11-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Gallagher, Jacob (2021-04-12). " (https://www.wsj.com/articles/satan-shoes-nike-lawsuits-and-the-booming-sneaker-bootleg-market-11618239494) 'Satan Shoes,' Nike Lawsuits and the Booming Sneaker Bootleg Market" (https://www.wsj.com/articles/satan-shoes-nike-lawsuits-and-the-booming-sneaker-bootleg-market-11618239494) . Wall Street Journal . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0099-9660 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660) . Retrieved 2023-11-07 . ^ a b c "Utah Jazz dropping limited edition Warren Lotas merch collection this Saturday" (https://www.abc4.com/news/utah-jazz-dropping-limited-edition-warren-lotas-merch-collection-this-friday/) . ABC4 Utah . 2021-12-08 . Retrieved 2023-09-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Why Fashion Still Loves NFTs" (https://www.elle.com/fashion/a40452926/why-fashion-still-loves-nfts/) . ELLE . 2022-06-29 . Retrieved 2023-11-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Warren Lotas" (https://warrenlotas.com/) . warrenlotas.com . Retrieved 2023-09-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "The NFL Is Giving Team Fan Gear the Warren Lotas Treatment" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/warren-lotas-nfl-mitchell-ness-collab-release/) . Highsnobiety . 2022-04-24 . Retrieved 2023-11-07 . ^ a b "CLC and Warren Lotas Have Teamed Up to Introduce a Fashion Collection that is Co-Branded with Colleges and Universities" (https://www.collegiatelicensingworld.com/collegiate-licensing-news/clc-and-warren-lotas-have-teamed-up-to-introduce-a-fashion-collection-that-is-co-branded-with-colleges-and-universities) . Collegiate Licensing World . Retrieved 2023-11-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Travis Scott Wears One-Of-A-Kind READYMADE x Warren Lotas Jacket to 2017 MTV EMAS" (https://hypebeast.com/2017/11/travis-scott-custom-readymade-warren-lotas-jacket-2017-mtv-emas) . Hypebeast . 2017-11-13 . Retrieved 2023-11-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Knox, Dave. "How TRUFF Embraced Partnerships For Growth" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/daveknox/2023/04/19/how-truff-embraced-partnerships-for-growth/) . Forbes . Retrieved 2023-11-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Fear of God Teams up With Warren Lotas for an Exclusive Capsule Collection" (https://hypebeast.com/2018/5/fear-of-god-warren-lotas-exclusive-capsule-collection-release) . Hypebeast . 2018-05-13 . Retrieved 2023-11-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Warren Lotas and The Weekend Devise Bespoke XO Capsule Collection" (https://hypebeast.com/2019/4/warren-lotas-the-weekend-xo-collaboration-merchandise-release) . Hypebeast . 2019-04-01 . Retrieved 2023-11-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) mahadevan, tara. "The Weeknd Announces Super Bowl Merch with Jeff Hamilton, Warren Lotas, and Wilson" (https://www.complex.com/style/a/cmplxtara-mahadevan/the-weeknd-super-bowl-merch) . Complex . Retrieved 2023-11-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Warren Lotas + The Brotherhood of Muscle Team Up" (https://www.dodgegarage.com/news/article/showcase/2021/04/warren-lotas-the-brotherhood-of-muscle-team-up.html) . Dodge Garage . 2021-04-29 . Retrieved 2023-09-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "El Conejo Malo Style: The Hottest Bad Bunny Merch to Get Online Now" (https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/el-conejo-malo-style-best-000000181.html) . Yahoo Entertainment . 2023-04-20 . Retrieved 2023-11-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Palmieri, Jean E. (2022-04-25). "NFL Teams With Streetwear Artist Warren Lotas" (https://wwd.com/menswear-news/mens-sportswear/nfl-streetwear-artist-warren-lotas-1235164698/) . WWD . Retrieved 2023-11-07 . 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Chictopia Type of site Social Commerce (/w/index.php?title=Social_Commerce&action=edit&redlink=1) Created by Helen Zhu (/wiki/Helen_Zhu) , Corinne Chan, Richard Ho URL chictopia.com (http://www.chictopia.com/) Launched 2008 Current status Inaccessible as of 10/25/2023 Chictopia was an online fashion site based in San Francisco (/wiki/San_Francisco) . [1] (#cite_note-nyt-1) [2] (#cite_note-techcrunch-2) The website was designed for fashion enthusiasts and bloggers to create profiles, post outfits, set up online shops, and socialize with others interested in fashion. [3] (#cite_note-yahoo-3) [ unreliable source? ] History [ edit ] Chictopia was founded by Helen Zhu (/wiki/Helen_Zhu) , Corinne Chan, and Richard Ho in 2008. [4] (#cite_note-linkedin-4) Zhu and Chan both attended University of California Berkeley (/wiki/University_of_California_Berkeley) , with Zhu graduating in mechanical engineering (/wiki/Mechanical_engineering) and Chan electrical engineering (/wiki/Electrical_engineering) and computer science (/wiki/Computer_science) . [5] (#cite_note-berkeley-5) Prior to Chictopia, Zhu worked for eight years in the web industry as a product manager, Chan as a software engineer and systems architect, and Ho as an integrated circuit designer. [6] (#cite_note-chictopiazhu-6) [7] (#cite_note-chictopiachan-7) Brand partnership [ edit ] In 2009, the clothing brand American Apparel (/wiki/American_Apparel) featured several active Chictopia users as models as part of an ad campaign that ran on the site and elsewhere titled, "Our Friends from Chictopia." [8] (#cite_note-mashable-8) [9] (#cite_note-jezebl-9) [10] (#cite_note-adrants-10) In 2011, Chictopia ran its first “Influential Blogger of the Year” competition featuring eight rising fashion bloggers. In 2013, Chictopia held a social shopping event with American Apparel and Crossroads Trading Co. called “Shop it Like it’s Hot” in the SoMa District of San Francisco. [11] (#cite_note-shopit-11) Overview [ edit ] The website is designed for users interested in fashion and looking to refine and showcase their personal style. [12] (#cite_note-mash-12) Users upload outfit photos, describe their physical traits, and connect to other users who share similar body types, complexion, and style. Users can get an idea of how clothes would look on themselves and how to style them in a relatable way, as opposed to fashion models. [12] (#cite_note-mash-12) Zhu has said she wants Chictopia to be what YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) has been for filmmakers and what Myspace (/wiki/Myspace) has been for musicians. [12] (#cite_note-mash-12) [13] (#cite_note-youtubemyspace-13) [14] (#cite_note-ifb-14) Teen Vogue (/wiki/Teen_Vogue) named Chictopia "The Next Big Thing" shortly after its founding. [15] (#cite_note-teenvogue-15) Nylon (/wiki/Nylon_(magazine)) lists the website in its "Top 4 Style Sites." [16] (#cite_note-nylon-16) Women's Wear Daily named Chictopia “Top six sites to watch”, along with Polyvore, Foursquare, and three others in 2010. [17] (#cite_note-wwd-17) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-nyt_1-0) Rafkin, Louise (June 11, 2010). "Helen Zhu and Richard Ho" (https://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/13/fashion/weddings/13VOWS.html?_r=0) . New York Times . ^ (#cite_ref-techcrunch_2-0) Kincaid, Jason (July 23, 2008). "Chictopia Takes On Sugar Inc With "Everybody is Ugly" (https://techcrunch.com/2008/06/23/chictopia-takes-on-sugar-inc-with-everybody-is-ugly/) " (https://techcrunch.com/2008/06/23/chictopia-takes-on-sugar-inc-with-everybody-is-ugly/) . TechCrunch. ^ (#cite_ref-yahoo_3-0) Slink, Missy (May 16, 2010). "Chictopia - a New Approach for Fashion" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140101061419/http://voices.yahoo.com/chictopia-approach-fashion-6023936.html) . Yahoo. Archived from the original (http://voices.yahoo.com/chictopia-approach-fashion-6023936.html) on 2014-01-01. ^ (#cite_ref-linkedin_4-0) "Chictopia LinkedIn" (http://www.linkedin.com/company/chictopia) . LinkedIn. ^ (#cite_ref-berkeley_5-0) "Tricks of the trade: Chictopia" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140117022344/http://coe.berkeley.edu/news-center/publications/forefront/archive/forefront-spring-2009/alumni-update/tricks-of-the-trade-chictopia) . UC Berkeley Engineering Alumni Magazine. Archived from the original (http://coe.berkeley.edu/news-center/publications/forefront/archive/forefront-spring-2009/alumni-update/tricks-of-the-trade-chictopia) on 2014-01-17. ^ (#cite_ref-chictopiazhu_6-0) "Helen Zhu About" (http://www.chictopia.com/about/helen) . Chictopia. ^ (#cite_ref-chictopiachan_7-0) "Corinne Chan About" (http://www.chictopia.com/about/corinne) . Chictopia. ^ (#cite_ref-mashable_8-0) Van Grove, Jennifer (January 20, 2009). "Chictopia Chicks Become American Apparel Models" (http://mashable.com/2009/01/20/chictopia-american-apparel/) . Mashable. ^ (#cite_ref-jezebl_9-0) "American Apparel Now Sponsoring Bloggers & Porn Stars (NSFW)" (http://jezebel.com/5135586/american-apparel-now-sponsoring-bloggers--porn-stars-nsfw) . Jezebel. January 20, 2009. ^ (#cite_ref-adrants_10-0) Hall, Steve (January 20, 2009). "American Apparel Hooks Up With Chictopia Bloggers" (http://www.adrants.com/2009/01/american-apparel-hooks-up-with-chictopia.php) . Ad Rants. ^ (#cite_ref-shopit_11-0) "Chictopia Presents: Shop It Like It's Hot" (https://archive.today/20130411192533/http://events.sfgate.com/san_francisco_ca/events/show/303991245-chictopia-presents-shop-it-like-its-hot) . SF Gate. Archived from the original (http://events.sfgate.com/san_francisco_ca/events/show/303991245-chictopia-presents-shop-it-like-its-hot) on 2013-04-11. ^ a b c Taylor, Alana (June 11, 2008). "Chictopia.com: Real People Can Be Models Too" (http://mashable.com/2008/06/11/chictopia/) . Mashable. ^ (#cite_ref-youtubemyspace_13-0) Haegwan, Kim (August 2, 2010). "An Interview with Helen Zhu" (http://lawofsuccess2.blogspot.com/2010/12/interview-with-helen-zhu.html) . Laws of Success 2.0. ^ (#cite_ref-ifb_14-0) Jacob, Jennine. "Chictopia Now : An interview with Helen Zhu" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130510150846/http://heartifb.com/2009/08/28/chictopia-now-an-interview-with-helen-zhu/) . Independent Fashion Bloggers. Archived from the original (http://heartifb.com/2009/08/28/chictopia-now-an-interview-with-helen-zhu/) on 2013-05-10 . Retrieved 2013-03-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-teenvogue_15-0) "Next Big Thing: Snap to It" (http://www.teenvogue.com/blog/teen-vogue-daily/2008/07/next-big-thing-snap-to-it.html) . Teen Vogue. July 16, 2008. ^ (#cite_ref-nylon_16-0) "Nylon Loves Chictopia" (http://www.chictopia.com/photo/show/38005) . Nylon. October 27, 2008. ^ (#cite_ref-wwd_17-0) Corcoran, Cate. "Sites to Friend in 2010" (http://www.wwd.com/media-news/media-features/sites-to-friend-in-2010-2433054) . Women's Wear Daily. 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Type of clogs from the Netherlands This article is about the wooden shoe. For other uses, see Klomp (surname) (/wiki/Klomp_(surname)) and De Klomp (/wiki/De_Klomp) . Dutch ( poplar (/wiki/Populus) ) clogs, for everyday use. The red painting on top makes the clogs look like leather shoes. It is a traditional motif on painted clogs. A klomp (plural klompen ) is a whole-foot clog (/wiki/Clog) from the Netherlands (/wiki/Netherlands) . Along with tulips and windmills, they are strongly associated with the country and are considered to be a national symbol of the Netherlands. Usage [ edit ] Approximately three million pairs of klompen are made each year. [1] (#cite_note-1) They are sold throughout the Netherlands. A large part of the market is for tourist souvenirs, though some Dutch people, particularly farmers (/wiki/Agriculture) and market gardeners (/wiki/Greenhouse#Netherlands) , still wear them for everyday use. Outside the tourist industry, klompen can be found in local tool shops, local tourist shops and garden centers (/wiki/Garden_centre) . The traditional all-wooden Dutch clogs have been officially accredited as safety shoes with the CE mark (/wiki/CE_mark) and can withstand almost any penetration including sharp objects and concentrated acids. They are actually safer than steel-capped (/wiki/Steel-toe_boot) protective shoes in some circumstances, as the wood cracks rather than dents in extreme accidents, allowing easy removal of the clog and not continued pressure on the toes by the (edge of the) steel nose. [2] (#cite_note-2) Manufacture [ edit ] Clogmaking Klompen can be made from willow (/wiki/Willow) or poplar (/wiki/Populus) . See also [ edit ] Bata Shoe Museum (/wiki/Bata_Shoe_Museum) , Canada International Wooden Shoe Museum Eelde (/wiki/International_Wooden_Shoe_Museum_Eelde) , Netherlands Klompendansen (/wiki/Klompendansen) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Wiedijk, page. 25 ^ (#cite_ref-2) Dutch Heritage (http://www.dutchdna2011.com/en/Homepage/Dutch-Heritage/Culture/Wooden-Shoes.htm) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20120425130935/http://www.dutchdna2011.com/en/Homepage/Dutch-Heritage/Culture/Wooden-Shoes.htm) 25 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) Retrieved on 1 November 2011 References [ edit ] 'Dutch Heritage. Wooden Shoes', archived from: http://www.dutchdna2011.com/en/Homepage/Dutch-Heritage/Culture/Wooden-Shoes.htm (http://www.dutchdna2011.com/en/Homepage/Dutch-Heritage/Culture/Wooden-Shoes.htm) Wiedijk, F., Wooden Shoes of Holland (2000) ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 90-71816-12-5 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-71816-12-5) External links [ edit ] Netherlands Association of Clogmakers (NVK) (http://www.nederlandseverenigingvanklompenfabrikanten.nl) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150212223936/http://www.nederlandseverenigingvanklompenfabrikanten.nl/) 12 February 2015 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) v t e Footwear (/wiki/Footwear) Abandoned footwear (/wiki/Abandoned_footwear) Shoe (/wiki/Shoe) Shoemaking (/wiki/Shoemaking) Shoe size (/wiki/Shoe_size) Dress shoes (/wiki/Dress_shoe) Blucher (/wiki/Blucher_shoe) Brogues (/wiki/Brogue_shoe) Brothel creepers (/wiki/Brothel_creeper) Derby (/wiki/Derby_shoe) Monks (/wiki/Monk_shoe) Oxfords (/wiki/Oxford_shoe) Spectator shoes (Co-respondent shoes) (/wiki/Spectator_shoe) Winklepickers (/wiki/Winklepicker) Wholecuts (/wiki/Wholecut) Slip-on shoes (/wiki/Slip-on_shoe) Court shoes (/wiki/Court_shoe) Prince Albert slippers (/wiki/Slipper#Types) Loafers (/wiki/Slip-on_shoe#Types_of_loafer) Venetian-style shoes (/wiki/Venetian-style_shoe) Women's Ballet flats (/wiki/Ballet_flat) High-heeled footwear (/wiki/High-heeled_shoe) Mary Janes (/wiki/Mary_Jane_(shoe)) Mojari (/wiki/Mojari) Mules (/wiki/Mule_(shoe)) Peep-toe shoes (/wiki/Peep-toe_shoe) Saddle shoes (/wiki/Saddle_shoe) Slingbacks (/wiki/Slingback) Other shoes Driving moccasins (/wiki/Moccasin#Driving_moccasins) Flip-flops (/wiki/Flip-flops) Galoshes (/wiki/Galoshes) Platform shoes (/wiki/Platform_shoe) Sandals (/wiki/Sandal) Self-tying shoes (/wiki/Self-tying_shoes) Slides (/wiki/Slide_(footwear)) Slippers (/wiki/Slipper) ( Uwabaki (/wiki/Uwabaki) ) Tiger-head shoes (/wiki/Tiger-head_shoes) Veldskoens (/wiki/Veldskoen) Zōri (/wiki/Z%C5%8Dri) Wooden footwear (/wiki/Clog) Bakya (/wiki/Bakya) British clogs (/wiki/Clog_(British)) Cantabrian albarcas (/wiki/Cantabrian_albarcas) Clogs (/wiki/Clog) Geta (/wiki/Geta_(footwear)) Klompen Namaksin (/wiki/Namaksin) Okobo (/wiki/Okobo) Padukas (/wiki/Paduka) Pattens (/wiki/Patten_(shoe)) Sabot (/wiki/Sabot_(shoe)) Träskor (/wiki/Tr%C3%A4skor) Boots Military Ammunition boots (/wiki/Ammunition_boot) Bunny boots (/wiki/Bunny_boots) Combat boots (/wiki/Combat_boot) Jackboots (/wiki/Jackboot) Jump boots (/wiki/Jump_boot) Jungle boots (/wiki/Jungle_boot) Tanker boots (/wiki/Tanker_boot) Trench boots (/wiki/Trench_boot) Munson Last (/wiki/Edward_Lyman_Munson#Munson_last) Work Australian work boots (/wiki/Australian_work_boot) Cowboy boots (/wiki/Cowboy_boot) Engineer boots (/wiki/Engineer_boot) Hip boots (/wiki/Hip_boot) Jika-tabi (/wiki/Jika-tabi) Rigger boots (/wiki/Rigger_boot) Steel-toe boots (/wiki/Steel-toe_boot) Waders (/wiki/Waders_(footwear)) Fashion boots (/wiki/Fashion_boot) Chelsea boots (/wiki/Chelsea_boot) ( Beatle boots (/wiki/Beatle_boot) ) Chukka boots (/wiki/Chukka_boot) Go-go boots (/wiki/Go-go_boot) Knee-high boots (/wiki/Knee-high_boot) Over-the-knee boots (/wiki/Over-the-knee_boot) Platform boots (/wiki/Platform_shoe) Thigh-high boots (/wiki/Thigh-high_boots) Ugg boots (/wiki/Ugg_boots) Other Jodhpur boots (/wiki/Jodhpur_boot) Wellington boots (/wiki/Wellington_boot) Ballet boots (/wiki/Ballet_boot) Sport-related footwear Athletic shoes (/wiki/Sneaker) Ballet shoes (/wiki/Ballet_shoe) Boat shoes (/wiki/Boat_shoe) Climbing shoes (/wiki/Climbing_shoe) Cross country running shoes (/wiki/Cross_country_running_shoe) Cycling shoes (/wiki/Cycling_shoe) Football boots (/wiki/Football_boot) Ghillies (/wiki/Ghillies_(dance)) Hiking boots (/wiki/Hiking_boot) Ice skates (/wiki/Ice_skate) Inline skates (/wiki/Inline_skates) Kung fu shoes (/wiki/Kung_fu_shoe) Minimalist shoes (/wiki/Minimalist_shoe) Motorcycle boots (/wiki/Motorcycle_boot) Mountaineering boots (/wiki/Mountaineering_boot) Plimsolls (/wiki/Plimsoll_(shoe)) Racing flats (/wiki/Racing_flat) Racing shoes (/wiki/Racing_shoes) Riding boots (/wiki/Riding_boot) Roller shoes (/wiki/Roller_shoe) Roller skates (/wiki/Roller_skates) Sabatons (/wiki/Sabaton) Safari boots (/wiki/Safari_boot) Skate shoes (/wiki/Skate_shoe) Ski boots (/wiki/Ski_boot) Sneakers (/wiki/Sneaker) Swimfins (/wiki/Swimfin) Water shoes (/wiki/Water_shoe) Wrestling shoes (/wiki/Wrestling_shoe) Folk footwear (/wiki/Folk_costume) Abacas (/wiki/Abaca_slippers) Abarkas (/wiki/Abarka) Alpargatas (/wiki/Espadrille) Avarcas (/wiki/Avarca) Balghas (/wiki/Balgha) Bast shoes (/wiki/Bast_shoe) Ciocie (/wiki/Ciocie) Clogs (/wiki/Clog) Espadrilles (/wiki/Espadrille) Furlane (/wiki/Furlane_(shoe)) Galesh (/wiki/Galesh) Geta (/wiki/Geta_(footwear)) Giveh (/wiki/Giveh) Haferlschuh (/wiki/Haferlschuh) Hnyat-phanats (/wiki/Hnyat-phanat) Huarache (/wiki/Huarache_(shoe)) Hwa (/wiki/Hwa) Jipsin (/wiki/Jipsin) Jorabs (/wiki/Jorabs) Kamiks (/wiki/Kamik) Kolhapuri chappals (/wiki/Kolhapuri_chappal) Moccasins (/wiki/Moccasin) Mojaris (/wiki/Mojari) Mukluks (/wiki/Mukluk) Nalins (/wiki/Turkish_clogs) Okobo (/wiki/Okobo) Opanci (/wiki/Opanak) Peshawari chappals (/wiki/Peshawari_chappal) Snowshoes (/wiki/Snowshoe) Tsarouchi (/wiki/Tsarouchi) Takunya (/wiki/Turkish_clogs) Upanah (/wiki/Upanah) Valenkis (/wiki/Valenki) Waraji (/wiki/Waraji) Zōri (/wiki/Z%C5%8Dri) Historical footwear Areni-1 shoes (/wiki/Areni-1_shoe) Buskins (/wiki/Buskin) Calcei (/wiki/Calcei) Caligae (/wiki/Caligae) Carbatina (/wiki/Carbatina) Cavalier boots (/wiki/Cavalier_boot) Chinese styles (/wiki/Hanfu_footwear) Chopines (/wiki/Chopine) Duckbill shoes (/wiki/Duckbill_shoe) Flowerpot shoes (/wiki/Flowerpot_shoe) Hessians (/wiki/Hessian_(boot)) Lotus shoes (/wiki/Lotus_shoe) Pampooties (/wiki/Pampootie) Pigaches (/wiki/Pigache) Poulaines (/wiki/Poulaine) Socci (/wiki/Socci) Turnshoes (/wiki/Turnshoe) Shoe construction Bespoke shoes (/wiki/Bespoke_shoes) Blake construction (/wiki/Blake_construction) Goodyear welt (/wiki/Goodyear_welt) Shoe buckle (/wiki/Shoe_buckle) Shoelaces (/wiki/Shoelaces) Toe box (/wiki/Toe_box) High heels (/wiki/High-heeled_shoe) Clear heels (/wiki/Clear_heels) Kitten heels (/wiki/Kitten_heel) Spool heels (/wiki/Spool_heel) Stiletto heels (/wiki/Stiletto_heel) Wedges (/wiki/Wedge_(footwear)) Hosiery Anklets (/wiki/Anklet_(sock)) Bobby socks (/wiki/Bobby_sock) Dress socks (/wiki/Dress_sock) Footwraps (/wiki/Footwrap) Knee highs (/wiki/Knee_highs) Pantyhose (/wiki/Pantyhose) Sock (/wiki/Sock) Stocking (/wiki/Stocking) Tights (/wiki/Tights) Toe socks (/wiki/Toe_sock) Tabi (/wiki/Tabi) List of shoe styles (/wiki/List_of_shoe_styles) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5c57c99494‐kfjxv Cached time: 20240716042059 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.309 seconds Real time usage: 0.413 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 847/1000000 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This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/History_of_hide_materials) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "History of hide materials" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22History+of+hide+materials%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22History+of+hide+materials%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22History+of+hide+materials%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22History+of+hide+materials%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22History+of+hide+materials%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22History+of+hide+materials%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( May 2023 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Humanity has used animal hides (/wiki/Hide_(skin)) since the Paleolithic (/wiki/Paleolithic) [ clarification needed ] , for clothing (/wiki/Clothing) as well as mobile shelters such as tipis (/wiki/Tipi) and wigwams (/wiki/Wigwam) , and household items. Since ancient times (/wiki/Ancient_times) , hides have also been used as a writing (/wiki/Writing) medium, in the form of parchment (/wiki/Parchment) . Fur clothing (/wiki/Fur_clothing) was used by other hominids (/wiki/Hominids) , at least the Neanderthals (/wiki/Neanderthals) . Rawhide (/wiki/Rawhide_(textile)) is a simple hide product, that turns stiff. It was formerly used for binding pieces of wood together. Today it is mostly found in drum skins (/wiki/Drum_skin) . Tanning (/wiki/Tanning_(leather)) of hides to manufacture leather (/wiki/Leather) was invented during the Paleolithic (/wiki/Paleolithic) . Parchment (/wiki/Parchment) for use in writing was introduced during the Bronze Age (/wiki/Bronze_Age) and later refined into vellum (/wiki/Vellum) , before paper (/wiki/Paper) became commonplace. [ citation needed ] Prehistoric and Ancient use [ edit ] The world's oldest leather shoe A German parchmenter during the 16th century Ian Gilligan (Australian National University) has argued convincingly that hominids without fur would have needed leather clothing to survive outside the tropics in mid-latitude Eurasia, southern Africa, and the Levant during the cold glacial and stadial periods of the Ice Age, and there is archaeological evidence for the use of hide and leather in the Paleolithic. [1] (#cite_note-Gilligan-1) Simple, unmodified stone flakes could have been used to scrape hides for tanning, but scraper tools are more specialized for tasks such as woodworking and hideworking (/wiki/Hideworking) . [1] (#cite_note-Gilligan-1) : 19–20, 37 Both of these stone tool shapes were invented in the Oldowan (/wiki/Oldowan) , [2] (#cite_note-Human_Past-2) : 61, 66–67 but direct evidence for hideworking (/wiki/Hideworking) has not been found from earlier than about 400,000 years ago. Examination of microscopic use-wear on scrapers demonstrates they were used to prepare hides at that time at Hoxne in England. [3] (#cite_note-3) The earliest known bone awls date to between 84,000 and 72,000 years ago in South Africa, and their use-wear shows that they were probably used to pierce soft materials, such as tanned leather. [4] (#cite_note-4) Bone awls were later made in the Aurignacian (/wiki/Aurignacian) in Europe, west Asia, and Russia, and also in Tasmania during the Last Glacial Maximum (/wiki/Last_Glacial_Maximum) . [1] (#cite_note-Gilligan-1) : 50–51, 44–45 [2] (#cite_note-Human_Past-2) : 157–158 The earliest eyed sewing needles (/wiki/Sewing_needle) date to between 43,000 and 28,500 years ago, probably at least 35,000 years ago, in southern Siberia, and were used across Paleolithic Eurasia and in North America. [1] (#cite_note-Gilligan-1) : 49 Paleolithic hunters are also known to have targeted fur-bearing animals, such as wolves and arctic foxes in Europe, snow leopards in Central Asia, mole-rats in Africa, and red-necked wallabies in Tasmania. [1] (#cite_note-Gilligan-1) : 45–48 As animal husbandry (/wiki/Animal_husbandry) was introduced during the Neolithic (/wiki/Neolithic) , human communities got a steady source of hides. The oldest confirmed leather tanning tools were found in ancient Sumer (/wiki/Sumer) and date to approximately 5000 BCE. [5] (#cite_note-5) The oldest surviving piece of leather footwear is the Areni-1 shoe (/wiki/Areni-1_shoe) that was made in Armenia (/wiki/Armenia) around 3500 BCE. Another, possibly older, piece of leather was found in Guitarrero Cave (/wiki/Guitarrero_Cave) in northern Peru, dating to the Archaic (/wiki/Archaic_Period_(Americas)) period. [2] (#cite_note-Human_Past-2) : 340 The first written references to leather are documented from Ancient Egypt (/wiki/Ancient_Egypt) around 1300 BCE. [6] (#cite_note-6) Various substances used were tannin (/wiki/Tannin) obtained from trees, as well as animal brains (/wiki/Brain) , or faeces (/wiki/Faeces) . The odor from tanning separated the tanneries from populated areas. Medieval use [ edit ] During the Middle Ages (/wiki/Middle_Ages) , as leather craft was developed, welt shoes (/wiki/Shoe#Middle_Ages_and_Early_Modern_period) and turnshoes (/wiki/Turnshoes) were invented. Refined kinds of leather such as suede (/wiki/Suede) and nubuck (/wiki/Nubuck) were also introduced. [7] (#cite_note-7) Modern use [ edit ] New kinds of tanning chemicals came to use during the Industrial Revolution (/wiki/Industrial_Revolution) . Chromium tanning (/wiki/Chromium_tanning) was invented during the 1850s. Patent leather (/wiki/Patent_leather) has been manufactured since 1819. Phenol formaldehyde resin (/wiki/Phenol_formaldehyde_resin) came into use during World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) . Fur farming (/wiki/Fur_farming) was introduced in the 19th century, and is today the main source of fur clothing. Synthetic fur (/wiki/Fake_fur) is an alternative to genuine fur, for cost and ethical reasons. Several kinds of synthetic leather (/wiki/Synthetic_leather) have been invented during the 20th century. See also [ edit ] Boiled leather (/wiki/Boiled_leather) Bota bag (/wiki/Bota_bag) Buckskin (/wiki/Buckskin_(leather)) Colambre (/wiki/Colambre) Goatskin (material) (/wiki/Goatskin_(material)) History of clothing and textiles (/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles) Parfleche (/wiki/Parfleche) Plains hide painting (/wiki/Plains_hide_painting) Waterskin (/wiki/Waterskin) Notes [ edit ] ^ a b c d e Gilligan, Ian (March 2010). "The Prehistoric Development of Clothing: Archaeological Implications of a Thermal Model". Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory . 17 (1): 15–80. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1007/s10816-009-9076-x (https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10816-009-9076-x) . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 25653129 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/25653129) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 143004288 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143004288) . ^ a b c Scarre, Chris, ed. (2005). The Human Past . London: Thames and Hudson Ltd. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-500-28531-2 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Keeley, L. H. (1980). Experimental determination of stone tool uses: A microwear analysis . Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 128–151. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-226-42889-3 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Henshilwoood, C. S.; d'Errico, F.; Marean, C. W.; Milo, R. G.; Yates, R. (2001). "An early bone tool industry from the Middle Stone Age at Blombos Cave, South Africa: Implications for the origins of modern human behaviour, symbolism and language". Journal of Human Evolution . 41 (6): 662. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1006/jhev.2001.0515 (https://doi.org/10.1006%2Fjhev.2001.0515) . PMID (/wiki/PMID_(identifier)) 11782112 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11782112) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) " (https://www.arab48.com/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8-48/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8-48/2016/07/12/-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9--%D8%A3%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85-%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85) "السومرية"... أقدم حضارات العالم" (https://www.arab48.com/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8-48/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8-48/2016/07/12/-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9--%D8%A3%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85-%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85) . عرب 48 (in Arabic). July 12, 2016 . Retrieved 20 June 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "The History of Leather" (https://vonbaer.co.uk/the-history-of-leather/) . Vonbaer.co.uk . Retrieved 2018-05-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Ma, Jianzhong; Lv, Xiujuan; Gao, Dangge; Li, Yun; Lv, Bin; Zhang, Jing (2014-06-01). "Nanocomposite-based green tanning process of suede leather to enhance chromium uptake" (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652614002376) . Journal of Cleaner Production . 72 : 120–126. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.03.016 (https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jclepro.2014.03.016) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0959-6526 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0959-6526) . References [ edit ] Scarre, Chris, ed. (2005). The Human Past . London: Thames and Hudson Ltd. 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Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hide_materials&oldid=1214480101 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_hide_materials&oldid=1214480101) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Hides (skin) (/wiki/Category:Hides_(skin)) Environmental history (/wiki/Category:Environmental_history) Clothing and the environment (/wiki/Category:Clothing_and_the_environment) History of clothing (/wiki/Category:History_of_clothing) History of fashion (/wiki/Category:History_of_fashion) Hidden categories: CS1 Arabic-language sources (ar) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Arabic-language_sources_(ar)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles needing additional references from May 2023 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_May_2023) All articles needing additional references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references) Wikipedia articles needing clarification from March 2022 (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_clarification_from_March_2022) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from June 2018 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_June_2018)
Retail company Club 21 Pte Ltd Company type Private (/wiki/Privately_held_company) Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) retailing (/wiki/Retailing) Founded 1972 ; 52 years ago ( 1972 ) Founder Christina Ong (/wiki/Christina_Ong) [1] (#cite_note-1) Headquarters Singapore (/wiki/Singapore) Area served Australia (/wiki/Australia) , China (/wiki/China) , Hong Kong (/wiki/Hong_Kong) , Indonesia (/wiki/Indonesia) , Korea (/wiki/Korea) , Macau (/wiki/Macau) , Malaysia (/wiki/Malaysia) , Singapore (/wiki/Singapore) , Taiwan (/wiki/Taiwan) , Thailand (/wiki/Thailand) , United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) and United States (/wiki/United_States) Website https://www.club21global.com/ (https://www.club21global.com/) Club 21 [2] (#cite_note-2) is a luxury retail company established in 1972 by Singaporean (/wiki/Singapore) entrepreneur-hotelier Christina Ong (/wiki/Christina_Ong) . [3] (#cite_note-3) Club 21 started as a small boutique (/wiki/Boutique) in Singapore's Tanglin Shopping Centre (/wiki/Tanglin_Shopping_Centre) and has expanded to operate multi-label fashion stores at Four Seasons (/wiki/Four_Seasons_Hotels_and_Resorts) Singapore, as well as licensed boutiques in Australia, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia and Singapore, [4] (#cite_note-4) Taiwan, Thailand, [5] (#cite_note-5) the United Kingdom and USA. Club 21 used to manage the brands Donna Karan, ck Calvin Klein (/wiki/Ck_Calvin_Klein) , Giorgio Armani (/wiki/Giorgio_Armani) , A\|X Armani Exchange (/wiki/Armani_Exchange) , Balenciaga (/wiki/Balenciaga) , Marni, Mulberry, [6] (#cite_note-6) Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) , D&G, Diesel, Paul Smith (/wiki/Paul_Smith_(fashion_designer)) , Issey Miyake (/wiki/Issey_Miyake) , Jil Sander, Dries Van Noten (/wiki/Dries_Van_Noten) , Comme des Garçons and Lanvin. It also operates ck Calvin Klein and DKNY (/wiki/DKNY) Jeans under license. A joint venture with Giorgio Armani S.p.A. (/wiki/Armani) [7] (#cite_note-7) is expanding the A\|X Armani Exchange brand worldwide. [8] (#cite_note-8) Club 21 has 3,800 employees across four continents, engaged in wholesale distribution, sourcing, brand guardianship and vertical retail. [9] (#cite_note-9) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) National Park Singapore, Mrs Christina Ong, Chairman of the board , archived from the original (http://www.nparks.gov.sg/ar0809/members-of-the-board.html) on 2010-04-26 , retrieved 23 April 2010 ^ (#cite_ref-2) Wang, Esther, Infopedia, Club 21 , archived from the original (http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_1480_2009-03-02.html) on 2009-06-13 , retrieved 7 April 2010 ^ (#cite_ref-3) TimesOnline (27 April 2008). "Christina Ong" (http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/specials/rich_list/article3797338.ece) . The Times . London . Retrieved 7 April 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Supertravel, Singapore, Club 21 , archived from the original (http://www.superfuture.com/supertravel/singapore/orchard_west/club_21/99744) on 26 April 2010 , retrieved 22 April 2010 ^ (#cite_ref-5) Cripps, Karla (1 June 2009). "Club 21: Luxury central" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100417181607/http://www.cnngo.com/bangkok/shop/club-21-luxury-central-250245) . CNNGO.com. Archived from the original (http://www.cnngo.com/bangkok/shop/club-21-luxury-central-250245) on 17 April 2010 . Retrieved 23 April 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Barker, Sophie (10 June 2000). "Mulberry shares soar as Club 21 buys stake" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/4454006/Mulberry-shares-soar-as-Club-21-buys-stake.html) . London: Telegraph.co.uk . Retrieved 23 April 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Jones, Adam (4 November 2005), Armani plans Ong joint venture , FT.com , retrieved 26 April 2010 ^ (#cite_ref-8) New A/X Armani Exchange Deal Expected to Boost Label's Sales , fashionwindows.com, archived from the original (http://www.fashionwindows.com/visual/2005/armani.asp) on 2010-04-29 , retrieved 26 April 2010 ^ (#cite_ref-9) Club 21 Pte Ltd business profile , Business Week, archived from the original (http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=30487223) on March 1, 2009 , retrieved 7 April 2010 External links [ edit ] Timeout Singapore Shopping Club 21 Ladies (http://www.timeoutsingapore.com/shopping/venues/designer-row/club-21-ladies/) 40 Richest in Singapore 2009 (http://www.bigfatpurse.com/2009/11/40-richest-in-singapore-2009/) Singapore Retailers Association eDirectory (http://www.retail.org.sg/Member/Directory.asp?1=1&PageNo=2/) [ permanent dead link ] DKNY Jeans official site for Asia/Europe/Middle East region (https://web.archive.org/web/20090122124326/http://dknyjeansintl.com/) Reference for Business: Mulberry Group PLC (http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/history/Mi-Nu/Mulberry-Group-PLC.html/) Dolls Club 21 (https://web.archive.org/web/20181224101810/http://club21.me/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐844cd986b8‐qk8wn Cached time: 20240722144309 Cache expiry: 811012 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.287 seconds Real time usage: 0.652 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1831/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 24875/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2043/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 34958/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.171/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5186446/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 358.478 1 -total 41.51% 148.822 1 Template:Reflist 29.17% 104.553 6 Template:Citation 28.72% 102.937 1 Template:Infobox_company 25.73% 92.233 1 Template:Infobox 19.54% 70.054 1 Template:Short_description 11.06% 39.659 2 Template:Pagetype 9.14% 32.767 1 Template:Dead_link 7.71% 27.639 1 Template:Fix 6.75% 24.186 2 Template:Category_handler Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:26862206-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722144309 and revision id 1229933217. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Club_21&oldid=1229933217 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Club_21&oldid=1229933217) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Retail companies of Singapore (/wiki/Category:Retail_companies_of_Singapore) Singaporean brands (/wiki/Category:Singaporean_brands) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) All articles with dead external links (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links) Articles with dead external links from August 2017 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_August_2017) Articles with permanently dead external links (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links)
Names of people in this category are sorted by given name , according to Thai practice. The sortkey of this category is maintained by User:cewbot (/wiki/User:Cewbot) . Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Thailand portal (/wiki/Portal:Thailand) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐rzh4r Cached time: 20240719233117 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.080 seconds Real time usage: 0.107 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 37/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2663/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 4/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3351/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.049/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 933559/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 81.008 1 -total 64.31% 52.099 1 Template:Thai_people_category 61.33% 49.684 1 Template:Cmbox 35.49% 28.747 1 Template:Portal Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:69819032-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719233117 and revision id 1066641697. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Female models from Bangkok" The following 26 pages are in this category, out of 26 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Anna Sueangam-iam (/wiki/Anna_Sueangam-iam) Apasra Hongsakula (/wiki/Apasra_Hongsakula) Araya A. Hargate (/wiki/Araya_A._Hargate) Arikantha Mahaphruekpong (/wiki/Arikantha_Mahaphruekpong) B Bui Simon (/wiki/Bui_Simon) C Carissa Springett (/wiki/Carissa_Springett) Chalita Yaemwannang (/wiki/Chalita_Yaemwannang) Chananporn Rosjan (/wiki/Chananporn_Rosjan) Chermarn Boonyasak (/wiki/Chermarn_Boonyasak) Cindy Bishop (/wiki/Cindy_Bishop) J Jessica Amornkuldilok (/wiki/Jessica_Amornkuldilok) K Kaew Korravee (/wiki/Kaew_Korravee) Kanokkorn Jaicheun (/wiki/Kanokkorn_Jaicheun) M Maria Poonlertlarp (/wiki/Maria_Poonlertlarp) Matika Arthakornsiripho (/wiki/Matika_Arthakornsiripho) Metinee Kingpayom (/wiki/Metinee_Kingpayom) Michele Waagaard (/wiki/Michele_Waagaard) N Nalinthip Sakulongumpai (/wiki/Nalinthip_Sakulongumpai) Nattasha Bunprachom (/wiki/Nattasha_Bunprachom) Natthaweeranuch Thongmee (/wiki/Natthaweeranuch_Thongmee) Nicolene Limsnukan (/wiki/Nicolene_Limsnukan) P Paweensuda Drouin (/wiki/Paweensuda_Drouin) Preechaya Pongthananikorn (/wiki/Preechaya_Pongthananikorn) S Sangduen Manwong (/wiki/Sangduen_Manwong) Sririta Jensen Narongdej (/wiki/Sririta_Jensen_Narongdej) Y Yongwaree Anilbol (/wiki/Yongwaree_Anilbol) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Female_models_from_Bangkok&oldid=1066641697 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Female_models_from_Bangkok&oldid=1066641697) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Female models by province in Thailand (/wiki/Category:Female_models_by_province_in_Thailand) Models from Bangkok (/wiki/Category:Models_from_Bangkok)
1933 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1933) 1934 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1934) 1935 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1935) 1936 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1936) 1937 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1937) 1938 1939 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1939) 1940 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1940) 1941 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1941) 1942 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1942) 1943 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1943) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5fdc497c9b‐v68d6 Cached time: 20240718000923 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.109 seconds Real time usage: 0.156 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 38/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1906/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 5/100 Expensive parser function count: 11/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3073/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.085/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 933386/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 148.144 1 Template:Navseasoncats 100.00% 148.144 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:54072199-0!canonical and timestamp 20240718000923 and revision id 974957760. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Clothing companies established in 1938" The following 7 pages are in this category, out of 7 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . C Columbia Sportswear (/wiki/Columbia_Sportswear) I Izod (/wiki/Izod) K Kangol (/wiki/Kangol) L Ladybird (clothing) (/wiki/Ladybird_(clothing)) P Paul Stuart (/wiki/Paul_Stuart) R REI (/wiki/REI) S Scabal (/wiki/Scabal) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1938&oldid=974957760 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1938&oldid=974957760) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1930s fashion (/wiki/Category:1930s_fashion) Design companies established in 1938 (/wiki/Category:Design_companies_established_in_1938) Clothing companies by year of establishment (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_by_year_of_establishment) Manufacturing companies established in 1938 (/wiki/Category:Manufacturing_companies_established_in_1938) Clothing companies established in the 20th century (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_the_20th_century)
English journalist, writer, and magazine editor Sally Brampton Brampton in 2010 Born ( 1955-07-15 ) 15 July 1955 Brunei (/wiki/Brunei) Died 10 May 2016 (2016-05-10) (aged 60) St Leonards-on-Sea (/wiki/St_Leonards-on-Sea) , England Nationality British Alma mater Saint Martin's School of Art (/wiki/Saint_Martin%27s_School_of_Art) Occupation Journalist Sally Jane Brampton (15 July 1955 – 10 May 2016) was an English journalist, writer, and magazine editor. She was the founding editor of the British edition of the French magazine Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) in 1985. Early life [ edit ] She was born in Brunei (/wiki/Brunei) , on the island of Borneo (/wiki/Borneo) , the daughter of Pamela and Roy Brampton; her father was a manager for oil firm Shell (/wiki/Royal_Dutch_Shell) . Brampton was the middle child with an elder and younger brother. Her father's job meant that the family's existence was nomadic with periods living in many countries. In all she attended twelve schools, among which were a school in Rio de Janeiro (/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro) , Ashford School (/wiki/Ashford_School) in Kent, where she boarded, and St Clare’s Hall School (/wiki/St_Clare%27s,_Oxford) in Oxford. [1] (#cite_note-Markwell-1) [2] (#cite_note-Timesobit-2) After leaving school, she studied fashion at Saint Martin's School of Art (/wiki/Saint_Martin%27s_School_of_Art) . [3] (#cite_note-BBC120516-3) After winning a competition, Brampton joined Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(British_magazine)) in 1978, and then became the fashion editor of The Observer (/wiki/The_Observer) in 1981. [1] (#cite_note-Markwell-1) [4] (#cite_note-Flett-4) Launch editor of British Elle [ edit ] Brampton was appointed the first editor of the British edition of the French magazine Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) which published its first issue in November 1985. [5] (#cite_note-Telegraphobit-5) "There was a whole new generation [of women] fumbling its way towards tomorrow", she said later. " Elle was the first mainstream magazine to act as a voice for that generation." [2] (#cite_note-Timesobit-2) It was aimed at professional women with an interest in fashion and shopping, rather than emotions and personal relationship concerns of other titles. The writers Jeanette Winterson (/wiki/Jeanette_Winterson) , Julie Burchill (/wiki/Julie_Burchill) and Tony Parsons (/wiki/Tony_Parsons_(British_journalist)) were among those who contributed to Elle under Brampton's stewardship. [5] (#cite_note-Telegraphobit-5) By this time, she had become a close friend of the designer Jasper Conran (/wiki/Jasper_Conran) . [6] (#cite_note-6) Soon after Elle ' s launch in Britain, Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) then not yet 16, was spotted in Covent Garden by a talent scout, and Elle ' s use of Campbell as a cover model in April 1986 helped to launch her career. Brampton opposed using models who were underweight. The word "diet" was banished and she ran features on "healthy eating plans" instead. [2] (#cite_note-Timesobit-2) [5] (#cite_note-Telegraphobit-5) After clashes with the publisher of the magazine, Hachette (/wiki/Hachette_(publisher)) , Brampton left the company in 1989 to develop her career as a novelist and freelance writer. [1] (#cite_note-Markwell-1) Management changed frequently and she had tired of the early mornings. [5] (#cite_note-Telegraphobit-5) Later life and career [ edit ] Brampton was appointed as the editor of Red magazine in November 1999. [7] (#cite_note-Braid-7) Red was then a fairly new title, which had launched in January 1998. It was thought at the time that Brampton had been appointed to the post to position the title for women over the age of 40. [7] (#cite_note-Braid-7) She remained in the post for about a year. At the time she was sacked in October 2000, [5] (#cite_note-Telegraphobit-5) it was asserted that her decision to run political articles, including interviews with Prime Minister Tony Blair (/wiki/Tony_Blair) and government minister Mo Mowlam (/wiki/Mo_Mowlam) had led to a decline in circulation. [8] (#cite_note-8) By January 2001, she had been diagnosed as suffering from clinical depression (/wiki/Major_depressive_disorder) . [9] (#cite_note-9) A memoir, Shoot the Damn Dog (2008), a partial reference to Churchill (/wiki/Winston_Churchill) 's description of his depression as a "black dog", recounts Brampton's experience of the condition and periods as an in-patient. The journalist Simon Garfield (/wiki/Simon_Garfield) , writing for The Observer (/wiki/The_Observer) commented that "her story is compelling and unflinching and she makes no claims that her descent and slow recovery will match those of others". [10] (#cite_note-10) From 2006, she was an agony aunt (/wiki/Advice_column) for The Sunday Times (/wiki/The_Sunday_Times) Style supplement; her advice column called Aunt Sally was discontinued by the paper in 2014. [3] (#cite_note-BBC120516-3) After this she wrote a similar column for the Daily Mail (/wiki/Daily_Mail) . [4] (#cite_note-Flett-4) In this period, she also wrote for the women's magazine Psychologies (/wiki/Psychologies) and the gardening title Easy Living ; she was a keen gardener. [1] (#cite_note-Markwell-1) Her novels were Good Grief (1992), Lovesick , Concerning Lily , and Love, Always (2000). Personal life [ edit ] Brampton married and divorced three times. [1] (#cite_note-Markwell-1) She was briefly married to the television and film director Nigel Cole (/wiki/Nigel_Cole) , whose best known film is Calendar Girls (/wiki/Calendar_Girls) (2003). Her second marriage was to the television producer and executive Jonathan Powell (/wiki/Jonathan_Powell_(producer)) in 1990; the couple had a daughter, Molly, who now works in publishing. The marriage ended around 2000. [5] (#cite_note-Telegraphobit-5) Her third husband was Tom Wnek, who has been employed in ethical marketing. [2] (#cite_note-Timesobit-2) Brampton moved to St Leonards (/wiki/St_Leonards-on-Sea) , East Sussex from London in 2010, [4] (#cite_note-Flett-4) after separating from her third husband. [1] (#cite_note-Markwell-1) Death [ edit ] It is believed Brampton killed herself by "walk[ing] into the sea at St Leonards" on 10 May 2016. [11] (#cite_note-11) A spokesman for Sussex Police (/wiki/Sussex_Police) said there were no "suspicious circumstances". [12] (#cite_note-12) A letter from Brampton's psychiatrist, dated from 18 March 2016, stated that she was "in crisis" and that she had "disengaged" from local services and had "painted a very jaundiced view of them". [13] (#cite_note-13) Her former husband, Nigel Cole, said he was "devastated" to hear his ex-wife had "lost her battle with depression". The inquest into her death agreed that it was her own choice to enter the sea, but said that the health services had "missed opportunities" to help her, describing several occasions when she approached doctors but was not helped appropriately. [14] (#cite_note-14) The editor-in-chief of Elle at the time Brampton died, Lorraine Candy, wrote on the magazine's website that the magazine Brampton developed was a "breath of fresh air, mixing high street with high end, having a brave and sometimes contrary opinion, questioning the norm and championing new thinkers." [15] (#cite_note-Candy-15) Candy also wrote, "Smart, tough and stylish, Sally [Brampton] was also elegantly charming. She was a gentlewoman in the truest sense of the word, an Editor-in-Chief who discovered and nurtured new talent with the same enthusiasm as she nurtured her family and friends." [15] (#cite_note-Candy-15) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Markwell, Lisa (11 May 2016). "Sally Brampton obituary" (https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/may/11/sally-brampton-obituary) . The Guardian . Retrieved 12 May 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Obituary: Sally Brampton" (http://www.thetimes.co.uk/edition/register/sally-brampton-mf8xsxdbb) . The Times . London. 12 May 2016 . Retrieved 12 May 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Sally Brampton, journalist and writer, dies aged 60" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-36273894) . BBC News. 12 May 2016 . Retrieved 12 May 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Flett, Kathryn (11 May 2016). "Sally Brampton – the woman who made 'Elle girls' the new normal" (https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/may/11/sally-brampton-the-woman-who-made-elle-girls-the-new-normal) . The Guardian . Retrieved 12 May 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "Sally Brampton, writer and editor – obituary" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2016/05/12/sally-brampton-writer-and-editor--obituary/) . The Daily Telegraph . London. 12 May 2016 . Retrieved 12 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Barbieri, Analisa; Brampton, Sally; Conran, Jasper (1 March 1998). "How We Met; Sally Brampton and Jasper Conran" (https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/how-we-met-sally-brampton-and-jasper-conran-1147785.html) . The Independent on Sunday . Retrieved 12 May 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b Braid, Mary (30 November 1999). "Something about Sally" (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/something-about-sally-738970.html) . The Independent . Retrieved 12 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Arlidge, John (12 November 2000). "Glossies go to war as editors launch battle for women readers" (https://www.theguardian.com/media/2000/nov/12/uknews.theobserver) . The Guardian . Retrieved 12 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Brampton, Sally (5 March 2003). "I told myself: 'Get over yourself. Stop snivelling. Stop whining...' (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/health/3300771/I-told-myself-Get-over-yourself.-Stop-snivelling.-Stop-whining....html) " (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/health/3300771/I-told-myself-Get-over-yourself.-Stop-snivelling.-Stop-whining....html) . The Daily Telegraph . Retrieved 12 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Garfield, Simon (10 February 2008). "When the only way is down" (https://www.theguardian.com/books/2008/feb/10/booksonhealth.biography) . The Observer . Retrieved 12 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Sally Brampton: Daily Mail agony aunt who wrote about her depression found dead in sea" (http://www.itv.com/news/2016-05-12/sally-brampton-daily-mail-agony-aunt-who-wrote-about-her-depression-found-dead-in-sea/) . ITV News. 12 May 2016 . Retrieved 12 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Agony aunt Sally Brampton dies 'walking into the sea' after battling depression" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/12/agony-aunt-sally-brampton-dies-walking-into-the-sea-after-battli/) . The Daily Telegraph . 12 May 2016 . Retrieved 12 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Sally Brampton: Journalist killed herself after 'missed opportunities' (https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-37769093) " (https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-37769093) . BBC News . 25 October 2016 . Retrieved 24 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Sally Brampton: Journalist killed herself after 'missed opportunities' (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-37769093) " (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-37769093) . BBC News (/wiki/BBC_News) . 25 October 2016 . Retrieved 25 October 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b Candy, Lorraine (11 May 2016). "Editor-In-Chief Lorraine Candy Pays Tribute To ELLE Launch Editor Sally Brampton" (http://www.elleuk.com/fashion/news/editor-in-chief-lorraine-candy-pays-tribute-to-elle-launch-editor-sally-brampton) . Elle . London . Retrieved 12 May 2016 . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://web.archive.org/web/20160516201820/http://sallybrampton.co.uk/) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International FAST (http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1515976/) ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000078338547) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/9725138) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJqBvwJvMWkgVQ7phHXmVC) National France (https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12528562k) BnF data (https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12528562k) United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nr94008298) Czech Republic (https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0010241&CON_LNG=ENG) Australia (https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36023101) Netherlands (http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p09793044X) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐srbww Cached time: 20240720102116 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.495 seconds Real time usage: 0.759 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2638/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 36971/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1735/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 13/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 64569/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.316/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7488132/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 559.885 1 -total 32.04% 179.359 1 Template:Reflist 27.69% 155.030 15 Template:Cite_news 27.56% 154.285 1 Template:Infobox_person 19.79% 110.824 1 Template:Authority_control 13.77% 77.103 1 Template:Short_description 9.71% 54.357 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 8.92% 49.950 2 Template:Pagetype 5.43% 30.409 1 Template:Birth_date 5.29% 29.627 17 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:50520033-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720102116 and revision id 1235634921. 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Museum in Seul, South Korea The Simone Handbag Museum in Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) , South Korea (/wiki/South_Korea) , is a museum dedicated to handbags (/wiki/Handbag) . [1] (#cite_note-NYTJun12-1) History [ edit ] The museum opened on 19 July 2012 in Seoul's Gangnam District (/wiki/Gangnam_District) . The collection was established by Kenny Park (/wiki/Kenny_Park) , founder and CEO of Simone Handbags, and was assembled and curated by Judith Clark, Professor of Fashion and Museology at the London College of Fashion (/wiki/London_College_of_Fashion) . [1] (#cite_note-NYTJun12-1) The collection was assembled at a cost of £1 million. [2] (#cite_note-FTJul13-2) Description [ edit ] 300 bags are on display at the museum, dating from 1550 to the present day. [2] (#cite_note-FTJul13-2) The museum is divided into two halves, Twentieth Century and Contemporary, and Historic (1500–1900). [1] (#cite_note-NYTJun12-1) Most of the handbags are European in origin, with some contemporary bags from the United States. Bespoke mannequins at the museum have been designed to draw the visitors' attention to the bags on display. Two of the mannequins were designed by the milliner Stephen Jones (/wiki/Stephen_Jones_(milliner)) . [2] (#cite_note-FTJul13-2) The museum is housed in a 10-story building called Bagstage [2] (#cite_note-FTJul13-2) which is shaped like a handbag "with two 'straps' for a 'handle' on the roof". [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) Bagstage also incorporates a shop selling bag materials, workshops where new Korean designers can work rent-free, a section where craftsmen will produce bags and two shops. [2] (#cite_note-FTJul13-2) The admission fee is $5. In 2018, 4,000 people visited the museum. [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) See also [ edit ] ESSE Purse Museum (/wiki/ESSE_Purse_Museum) in Little Rock, Arkansas, USA Museum of Bags and Purses (/wiki/Museum_of_Bags_and_Purses) in Amsterdam Handbag collecting (/wiki/Handbag_collecting) References [ edit ] Judith Clark: Handbags: The Making of a Museum , 2012, Yale University Press (/wiki/Yale_University_Press) , ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978 0 300 186185 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978%2B0%2B300%2B186185) ^ Jump up to: a b c "If Purses Are Your Bag..." (http://tmagazine.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/06/12/if-purses-are-your-bag/) The New York Times . 12 June 2012 . Retrieved 30 August 2012 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Bags of History" (https://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/53b14594-c9b5-11e1-a5e2-00144feabdc0.html#axzz25ARXO23M) . The Financial Times . 13 July 2012. Archived (https://ghostarchive.org/archive/AI4lW) from the original on 2023-03-04 . Retrieved 1 September 2012 . ^ Jump up to: a b Chung, Grace. "South Korea's Richest 2018: The Entrepreneur Showcasing His Love Affair With Handbags" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/gracechung/2018/06/06/south-koreas-richest-2018the-entrepreneur-showcasing-his-love-affair-with-handbags/) . Forbes . Retrieved 2024-04-26 . External links [ edit ] Official site (http://simonehandbagmuseum.co.kr/) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/249524702) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2012030444) Other IdRef (https://www.idref.fr/175859337) WikiMiniAtlas 37°31′08″N 127°01′23″E / 37.5190°N 127.0230°E / 37.5190; 127.0230 NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐4vscq Cached time: 20240714155202 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.299 seconds Real time usage: 0.473 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 672/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 13119/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 592/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 20988/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.209/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4196472/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 449.934 1 -total 42.94% 193.202 1 Template:Authority_control 19.46% 87.550 1 Template:Reflist 18.47% 83.098 1 Template:Short_description 15.90% 71.553 3 Template:Cite_web 13.31% 59.868 1 Template:ISBN 11.22% 50.482 1 Template:Catalog_lookup_link 9.85% 44.302 2 Template:Pagetype 5.74% 25.842 4 Template:Main_other 5.19% 23.335 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:36872577-0!canonical and timestamp 20240714155202 and revision id 1220927646. 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African-American hairstyle originating in South Florida Some of this article's listed sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) may not be reliable (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) . Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed. ( July 2023 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Wicks (also referred to as bonks or globs ) are a hairstyle originating in South Florida (/wiki/South_Florida) by Haitians (/wiki/Haitians) . This hairstyle is prevalent amongst African-Americans (/wiki/African-Americans) . The hairstyle originated from Afro-Caribbean people (/wiki/Afro-Caribbean_people) involved in the Hip-Hop (/wiki/Hip-Hop) community as well as related subgenres in Florida (/wiki/Florida) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Methods [ edit ] There are three main methods of creating Wicks : The " crochet needle method " which is the method of using a crochet needle, normally with two or more "fangs" to crochet existing locs together. The " combine method " which is the process of tying existing locs with rubber bands together allowing the locs to fuse together giving them the upright habit. [2] (#cite_note-2) The other method is the " freeform method " which is the process of allowing locs to naturally form via the rinse and go method and allowing the locs to naturally lock on to each other. [3] (#cite_note-3) Etymology [ edit ] The term " Wicks " was given to this hairstyle due to the fact each one resembles the wick of a candle because of their upright positioning. [4] (#cite_note-4) See also [ edit ] Afro-textured hair (/wiki/Afro-textured_hair) Broward County (/wiki/Broward_County) Miami-Dade County (/wiki/Miami-Dade_County) African diaspora (/wiki/African_diaspora) African American culture (/wiki/African_American_culture) Demographics of Florida (/wiki/Demographics_of_Florida) Sideshow Bob (/wiki/Sideshow_Bob) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Williams, Jason (2019-06-25). "How To Grow Wicks - Dreadlocks The Florida Way" (https://web.archive.org/web/20200326183236/https://trudreadz.com/2019/06/25/how-to-grow-wicks-dreadlocks-the-florida-way/) . TRU DREADZ . Archived from the original (https://trudreadz.com/2019/06/25/how-to-grow-wicks-dreadlocks-the-florida-way/) on 2020-03-26 . Retrieved 2020-03-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "How To Grow Wicks - Dreads The Florida Way" (https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=mtzUfKhnINI&ved=2ahUKEwjIpsXP3JzoAhV3gXIEHR1wAyUQo7QBMAV6BAgAEAw&usg=AOvVaw0JUdSpezULa437avrPQyKZ) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Florida's Wicks Dreads" (https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=lN8QbXApJ2s&ved=2ahUKEwjIpsXP3JzoAhV3gXIEHR1wAyUQo7QBMAJ6BAgAEAY&usg=AOvVaw22RiLr7WhwCvp8-xKT_zi-) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "How To Grow Wicks Dreads" (https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=iFb5IG2HHE0&ved=2ahUKEwjIpsXP3JzoAhV3gXIEHR1wAyUQo7QBMAF6BAgAEAQ&usg=AOvVaw2dYQ8tV2uo7pd5D9hDJ6_0) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐557d6f8488‐d7ppc Cached time: 20240714160513 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.141 seconds Real time usage: 0.185 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 423/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 10963/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 605/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 15921/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.101/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4357675/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 172.004 1 -total 46.73% 80.375 4 Template:Cite_web 26.93% 46.326 1 Template:Short_description 24.70% 42.484 1 Template:Unreliable_sources 22.57% 38.826 1 Template:Ambox 17.44% 29.995 2 Template:Pagetype 3.82% 6.567 2 Template:Main_other 2.97% 5.101 1 Template:SDcat 1.03% 1.778 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck 0.76% 1.301 1 Template:Yesno Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:63466309-0!canonical and timestamp 20240714160513 and revision id 1234481453. Rendering was triggered because: unknown esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wicks_(hairstyle)&oldid=1234481453 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wicks_(hairstyle)&oldid=1234481453) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Hairstyles (/wiki/Category:Hairstyles) Kinky hair (/wiki/Category:Kinky_hair) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles lacking reliable references from July 2023 (/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references_from_July_2023) All articles lacking reliable references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references)
Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) United States portal (/wiki/Portal:United_States) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐kb8s5 Cached time: 20240714045711 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.036 seconds Real time usage: 0.048 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 21/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1546/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 3/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1041/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.019/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 725401/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 38.193 1 Template:Portal 100.00% 38.193 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:66011882-0!canonical and timestamp 20240714045711 and revision id 1188952162. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "American tailors" The following 53 pages are in this category, out of 53 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Abijah Adams (/wiki/Abijah_Adams) David Agnew (Maryland politician) (/wiki/David_Agnew_(Maryland_politician)) Iona Allen (/wiki/Iona_Allen) B Ephraim Bateman (/wiki/Ephraim_Bateman) C. W. Bishop (/wiki/C._W._Bishop) John Bolding (/wiki/John_Bolding) Sarah Boone (/wiki/Sarah_Boone) John C. Bowers (/wiki/John_C._Bowers) Malan Breton (/wiki/Malan_Breton) Addie Brown (/wiki/Addie_Brown) Charity Bryant (/wiki/Charity_Bryant) C Charlotte Clark (/wiki/Charlotte_Clark) George Colton (Maryland politician) (/wiki/George_Colton_(Maryland_politician)) Ira Couch (/wiki/Ira_Couch) Samuel Crockett (Wisconsin politician) (/wiki/Samuel_Crockett_(Wisconsin_politician)) D Jacob W. Davis (/wiki/Jacob_W._Davis) Harriet De Claire (/wiki/Harriet_De_Claire) Hector De Claire (/wiki/Hector_De_Claire) Rebecca Dickinson (/wiki/Rebecca_Dickinson) Cornelius J. Doyle (/wiki/Cornelius_J._Doyle) Eric Ducharme (/wiki/Eric_Ducharme) Basil Durant (/wiki/Basil_Durant) F Nathaniel H. Felt (/wiki/Nathaniel_H._Felt) Eleanor Foraker (/wiki/Eleanor_Foraker) G Willard H. George (/wiki/Willard_H._George) Martin Greenfield (/wiki/Martin_Greenfield) H Susie Schmitt Hanson (/wiki/Susie_Schmitt_Hanson) Philip H. Hoffman (/wiki/Philip_H._Hoffman) J Herbert L. Jackson (/wiki/Herbert_L._Jackson) Andrew Johnson (/wiki/Andrew_Johnson) K Henry Kahn (/wiki/Henry_Kahn) Willie Otey Kay (/wiki/Willie_Otey_Kay) Samuel Krider (/wiki/Samuel_Krider) L Jeremiah Lanphier (/wiki/Jeremiah_Lanphier) Jefferson F. Long (/wiki/Jefferson_F._Long) M Robert Calvin Macauley (/wiki/Robert_Calvin_Macauley) James McAlpin (/wiki/James_McAlpin) Hercules Mulligan (/wiki/Hercules_Mulligan) P Anna Potok (/wiki/Anna_Potok) Joseph L. Prifrel (/wiki/Joseph_L._Prifrel) Rebecca Primus (/wiki/Rebecca_Primus) R William M. Rodman (/wiki/William_M._Rodman) S Leslie Segrete (/wiki/Leslie_Segrete) Emma L. Shaw (/wiki/Emma_L._Shaw) Betsey Ann Stearns (/wiki/Betsey_Ann_Stearns) T George Temple (politician) (/wiki/George_Temple_(politician)) Yosel Tiefenbrun (/wiki/Yosel_Tiefenbrun) W Ceola Wallace (/wiki/Ceola_Wallace) William E. Walsh (Wisconsin tailor) (/wiki/William_E._Walsh_(Wisconsin_tailor)) Sara Spencer Washington (/wiki/Sara_Spencer_Washington) Wilhelm Weitling (/wiki/Wilhelm_Weitling) Jeanne Wilson (seamstress) (/wiki/Jeanne_Wilson_(seamstress)) Y Efim Yarchuk (/wiki/Efim_Yarchuk) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_tailors&oldid=1188952162 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_tailors&oldid=1188952162) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Tailors (/wiki/Category:Tailors) American artisans (/wiki/Category:American_artisans) American designers (/wiki/Category:American_designers)
Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Wales portal (/wiki/Portal:Wales) This category (/wiki/Help:Categories) is for articles about fashion designers (/wiki/Fashion_designer) from Wales (/wiki/Wales) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6fcf4fdbb9‐nt2s4 Cached time: 20240716023938 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.045 seconds Real time usage: 0.067 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 41/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2196/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 51/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 7/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1367/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.024/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 870999/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 52.792 1 -total 76.05% 40.150 1 Template:Portal 23.76% 12.542 1 Template:Category_explanation 21.06% 11.116 1 Template:Hatnote Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:5849982-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716023938 and revision id 1147871546. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Welsh fashion designers" The following 11 pages are in this category, out of 11 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Laura Ashley (/wiki/Laura_Ashley) B Jeff Banks (/wiki/Jeff_Banks) E Mark Eley (/wiki/Mark_Eley) David Emanuel (fashion designer) (/wiki/David_Emanuel_(fashion_designer)) Timothy Everest (/wiki/Timothy_Everest) L Kate Lambert (/wiki/Kate_Lambert) M Julien Macdonald (/wiki/Julien_Macdonald) Nina Morgan-Jones (/wiki/Nina_Morgan-Jones) P Jayne Pierson (/wiki/Jayne_Pierson) Q Mary Quant (/wiki/Mary_Quant) S Salvia (artist) (/wiki/Salvia_(artist)) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Welsh_fashion_designers&oldid=1147871546 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Welsh_fashion_designers&oldid=1147871546) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Welsh designers (/wiki/Category:Welsh_designers) British fashion designers (/wiki/Category:British_fashion_designers) Welsh fashion (/wiki/Category:Welsh_fashion)
(Redirected from Nickers (/w/index.php?title=Nickers&redirect=no) ) Women's underwear "Knickers" redirects here. For the style of trousers, see Knickerbockers (clothing) (/wiki/Knickerbockers_(clothing)) . A model in white panties Panties are women's underwear (/wiki/Underwear) . Panties are form-fitting (/wiki/Form-fitting) . Typical components include an elastic waistband (/wiki/Waistline_(clothing)) , a crotch panel to cover the genitalia (/wiki/Genital) (usually lined with absorbent material such as cotton (/wiki/Cotton) ), and a pair of leg openings that, like the waistband, are often made of elastomer (/wiki/Elastomer) . Various materials are used, but are usually chosen to be breathable. Panties are made of a variety of materials, including cotton (/wiki/Cotton) , lace (/wiki/Lace) , latex (/wiki/Latex) , leather (/wiki/Leather) , lycra (/wiki/Lycra) , mesh (/wiki/Mesh) , nylon (/wiki/Nylon) , PVC (/wiki/PVC) , polyester (/wiki/Polyester) , rawhide (/wiki/Rawhide_(textile)) , satin (/wiki/Satin) , and silk (/wiki/Silk) . Construction typically consists of two pieces (front and rear) that are joined by seams (/wiki/Seam_(sewing)) at the crotch and sides; an additional gusset (/wiki/Gusset) is often in the crotch, with the waistband and leg-openings made from elastomer. Part of a series on Undergarment (/wiki/Undergarment) Types Bra (/wiki/Bra) Boxer shorts (/wiki/Boxer_shorts) Boxer briefs (/wiki/Boxer_briefs) Bikini (/wiki/Bikini) Briefs (/wiki/Briefs) Camisole (/wiki/Camisole) Diaper (/wiki/Diaper) Hosiery (/wiki/Hosiery) ( Pantyhose (/wiki/Pantyhose) , Sock (/wiki/Sock) and Stocking (/wiki/Stocking) etc.) Long underwear (/wiki/Long_underwear) Panties Slip (/wiki/Slip_(clothing)) T-shirt (/wiki/T-shirt) Thong (/wiki/Thong) Other topics Underwear fetishism (/wiki/Underwear_fetishism) Lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) Underwear as outerwear (/wiki/Underwear_as_outerwear) Wedgie (/wiki/Wedgie) v t e History [ edit ] The earliest known use of underwear that resembles modern panties dates back to 4,400 B.C. during the Badari (/wiki/Badari_culture) period in Egypt (/wiki/Egypt) . [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Terminology [ edit ] In the United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) and occasionally in other Commonwealth (/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations) countries such as Australia (/wiki/Australia) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-no_knickers-4) and New Zealand (/wiki/New_Zealand) , panties may be referred to as " knickers ", "undies", or simply "underwear". The last two of these are gender-neutral terms and can be used for either male or female styles of underwear bottom, the American English equivalent being underpants (/wiki/Underpants) . In Australia, male underpants are often referred to as "undies", [5] (#cite_note-5) although the word can also refer to panties. Styles [ edit ] Various styles of panties (thong and G-string: back view). A model in boyshorts Panties are classified into various styles based on criteria such as the amount of rear coverage, width at the sides and height at which they are worn. These categories are not necessarily distinct and usage may vary somewhat among brands (/wiki/Brand) : [6] (#cite_note-6) Adhesive panties are sometimes described as strapless/stick-on panties . They are a form of micro-panties that cover the bare minimum parts on the front and back. They are useful when women do not want the panty line (/wiki/Panty_line) to be visible. Bikinis (/wiki/Bikini#Bikini_underwear) , like hipsters, sit at hip level, but the fabric of the side sections is narrower. With the string bikini type, the side sections disappear altogether and the waistband consists of only string-like material. There may be less rear coverage with the bikini style. Boyshorts cover the hips and are named for their similarity to boxer briefs (/wiki/Boxer_briefs) , a variation on boxer shorts (/wiki/Boxer_shorts) . Some resemble men's briefs (/wiki/Briefs) , complete with fly and contrast trim. Unlike men's briefs, this style is usually lower cut. Boyshorts often cover most of the buttocks (/wiki/Buttocks) . [7] (#cite_note-oxford-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) Briefs (/wiki/Briefs) rise to the waist, or just below the navel, and have full coverage in the rear. Classic briefs have the waistband sitting very high on the waist. The leg holes are small so the underwear cover as much area between waist and thigh as possible. Sometimes called "granny panties" because they were the standard underpants in previous decades and have a connotation of being worn by older women. Control briefs are designed to offer support while giving a slimmer appearance. This type usually contains a stretch material such as spandex (/wiki/Spandex) and may extend above the waist. Some have an extra firm panel to flatten the tummy. Some also compress the buttocks, while other control briefs are designed to avoid compression of the buttocks. Others merely lift the buttocks and have holes cut out for maximum fullness of the buttocks. High-cut briefs sit higher on the waist, providing more coverage in the midriff region. They are designed with larger leg holes and narrower sides to show off more leg and allow more freedom of movement. Cheekies can be styled as a hipster, bikini, or boyshort in the front, but in the rear, they are designed to hug the buttocks, and have a seam or ruching (/wiki/Gather_(knitting)#Related_techniques) to make the fabric sit partially between the cheeks to accentuate the shape. They leave the outer 1/3 to 1/2 of each cheek exposed and often have a lace or scalloped trim. Hipsters are a blend between bikinis and boyshorts. They sit on the hips of the wearer and are worn slightly below the navel. Tangas (/wiki/Thong) provide a moderate to minimal coverage with back coverage that is less than a bikini, and the waistband is reduced to a narrow strip at the sides. [9] (#cite_note-9) The G-string (/wiki/G-string) has a vertical string at the back, which connects the crotch to the waistband, sometimes featuring a triangle of fabric which is sometimes referred to as a whale tail (/wiki/Whale_tail) when it peeks out above the waistband of low riding pants (/wiki/Trousers) . The T-front (/wiki/Thong#Design_and_variety) is a type of G-string in which the string also reaches the front part. It provides almost no coverage while still maintaining the basic hygienic underwear functions and covering only the genitalia. Usually it is built by strings only, sometimes with more fabric or lace around the waist. Thongs (/wiki/Thong) have a waistband similar to tangas, but the rear coverage is mostly cut away. The crotch is triangle-shaped, as it narrows to a thin strip toward the back and sits between the buttocks, becoming wider towards the top where it connects to the waistband. Like the G-string, if the back fabric peeks out above the waistband of low riding pants, the result is also called a whale tail. See also [ edit ] French knickers (/wiki/French_knickers) Leggings (/wiki/Leggings) Leg warmers (/wiki/Leg_warmers) Tights (/wiki/Tights) Lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) No Pants Day (/wiki/No_Pants_Day) Pantalettes (/wiki/Pantalettes) Pantyhose (/wiki/Pantyhose) Teddy (/wiki/Teddy_(garment)) Undergarment (/wiki/Undergarment) Underwear as outerwear (/wiki/Underwear_as_outerwear) Underwear fetishism (/wiki/Underwear_fetishism) Whale tail (/wiki/Whale_tail) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Brunton, Guy (/wiki/Guy_Brunton) ; Caton-Thompson, Gertrude (/wiki/Gertrude_Caton_Thompson) (1928). The Badarian Civilisation and Predynastic Remains Near Badari (PDF) . British School of archaeology in Egypt, University College, and B. Quaritch . Retrieved 6 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "A History of Panties" (https://localhistories.org/a-history-of-panties/) . localhistories.org . 14 March 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Burgdorf, Katherine (12 November 2013). "Say 'NO' to dodgy knickers" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140402022045/http://thehoopla.com.au/say-bad-pants/) . The Hoopla. Archived from the original (http://thehoopla.com.au/say-bad-pants/) on 2 April 2014 . Retrieved 22 March 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-no_knickers_4-0) "Hole Proof - No Knickers" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KE-bwymSzuo) . Bonds underwear, Australia. 1985. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140603160203/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KE-bwymSzuo) from the original on 3 June 2014 . Retrieved 16 December 2014 – via YouTube. ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Translations of Australian English words into American English" (http://www.fionalake.com.au/other-info/other-references/rural-words/australian-american-words) . Fiona Lake . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150324155909/http://www.fionalake.com.au/other-info/other-references/rural-words/australian-american-words) from the original on 24 March 2015 . Retrieved 23 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Parkinson, Ann (9 September 2011). "Women's Panties" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110829022738/http://lingerie.lovetoknow.com/Women's_Panties) . LoveToKnow Lingerie. Archived from the original (http://lingerie.lovetoknow.com/Women's_Panties) on 29 August 2011 . Retrieved 13 September 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-oxford_7-0) "boy shorts" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151119181330/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/boy-shorts?q=boy+shorts) . Oxford Dictionaries . Archived from the original (http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/boy-shorts?q=boy+shorts) on 19 November 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-8) Riese (22 June 2020). "Boyshorts and Girltrunks 101: Your Queer Underwear Guide" (http://www.autostraddle.com/boyshorts-girltrunks-102-queer-underwear-guide-159588/) . Autostraddle . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20171001150417/https://www.autostraddle.com/boyshorts-girltrunks-102-queer-underwear-guide-159588/) from the original on 1 October 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Jennifer Carroll; Kathy Schultz (1 October 2009), Underneath It All , Harlequin, p. 41, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4268-4072-2 , retrieved 14 September 2013 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Women's underpants (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Women%27s_underpants) . v t e Lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) Upper torso Types (/wiki/List_of_bra_designs) of bras (/wiki/Bra) History (/wiki/History_of_bras) Bandeau (/wiki/Bandeau) Bralette (/wiki/Bralette) Nursing bra (/wiki/Nursing_bra) Sports bra (/wiki/Sports_bra) Training bra (/wiki/Training_bra) Underwire bra (/wiki/Underwire_bra) Male bra (/wiki/Male_bra) Other garments Babydoll (/wiki/Babydoll) Bustier (/wiki/Bustier) Camisole (/wiki/Camisole) Dudou (/wiki/Dudou) Negligee (/wiki/Negligee) Nightgown (/wiki/Nightgown) Torsolette (/wiki/Torsolette) Yếm (/wiki/Y%E1%BA%BFm) Lower torso Bikini (/wiki/Bikini) Boyshorts (/wiki/Boyshorts) French knickers (/wiki/French_knickers) Fundoshi (/wiki/Fundoshi) Girdle (/wiki/Girdle_(undergarment)) Girl boxers (/wiki/Girl_boxers) Panties Period underwear (/wiki/Period_underwear) Tanga (/wiki/Thong) Tap pants (/wiki/Tap_pants) Thong (/wiki/Thong) ( G-string (/wiki/G-string) ) Bloomers (/wiki/Bloomers) Full torso Bodice (/wiki/Bodice) Corset (/wiki/Corset) Corselet (/wiki/Corselet) Foundation garment (/wiki/Foundation_garment) Nightshirt (/wiki/Nightshirt) Playsuit (/wiki/Playsuit_(lingerie)) Slip (/wiki/Slip_(clothing)) Teddy (/wiki/Teddy_(garment)) Hosiery (/wiki/Hosiery) Bodystocking (/wiki/Bodystocking) Garter (/wiki/Garter) Hold-ups (/wiki/Hold-ups) Knee highs (/wiki/Knee_highs) Pantyhose (/wiki/Pantyhose) Stocking (/wiki/Stocking) Tights (/wiki/Tights) Historical Basque (/wiki/Basque_(clothing)) Boudoir cap (/wiki/Boudoir_cap) Bustle (/wiki/Bustle) Chemise (/wiki/Chemise) Crinoline (/wiki/Crinoline) Farthingale (/wiki/Farthingale) Hoop skirt (/wiki/Hoop_skirt) Liberty bodice (/wiki/Liberty_bodice) Pannier (/wiki/Pannier_(clothing)) Pantalettes (/wiki/Pantalettes) Petticoat (/wiki/Petticoat) Pettipants (/wiki/Pettipants) Waist cincher (/wiki/Waist_cincher) Accessories Falsies (/wiki/Falsies) Lingerie tape (/wiki/Lingerie_tape) Brands List of lingerie brands (/wiki/List_of_lingerie_brands) Retail Bras N Things (/wiki/Bras_N_Things) Cosmo Lady (/wiki/Cosmo_Lady) Figleaves (/wiki/Figleaves) HerRoom (/wiki/HerRoom) Journelle (/wiki/Journelle) True & Co. 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Footwear worn in Hanfu Hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) also includes accessories, such as footwear. There were many etiquette which rule people's daily lives, and this included the use and etiquette of shoes and socks wearing. Shoes [ edit ] Collectively, shoes are typically called lü (履) since the Han dynasty (/wiki/Han_dynasty) . [1] (#cite_note-:116-1) In the Qin dynasty (/wiki/Qin_dynasty) , shoes were referred as ju (屦) . [1] (#cite_note-:116-1) The word xie (鞋) eventually replaced the word lü to become a general name for shoes. [2] (#cite_note-2) Since the ancient times, Chinese shoes came in various kinds; there were leather shoes (made of tanbark and pelt), cloth shoes (made of silk, hemp, damask, brocade, and crepe), and straw shoes (made of leaves and stems of cattail, corn leaves, and kudzu), ji (屐; wooden clogs). [1] (#cite_note-:116-1) Han Chinese typically wore lü (regular shoes) , xi (shoes with thick soles), and ji (wooden clogs (/wiki/Clog) ). [3] (#cite_note-:114-3) [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) Different shoes were worn based on their appropriateness for specific occasions; shoes also denoted the social ranks of its wearers. [ citation needed ] Lü (履) were worn for formal occasions whereas ji (屐) was used for informal occasions. [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) Types of Footwear Name Definition Description Period Images Ju (屦) Shoes Some shoes worn in Qin were square-headed; they were generally worn by archers (/wiki/Archery) . Qin dynasty Lü (履) or Xie (鞋) Xieqiao (鞋翘) or Yuntouxie(云头鞋) Curled up Shoe Some ancient Chinese shoes had curled up-shoes, i.e. shoes with rising toe caps, and could come in different shapes, such as tiger heads (/wiki/Tiger-head_shoes) and phoenixes. [1] (#cite_note-:116-1) Han – Unknown Cailu (草履) or caixie (草鞋) Straw shoes, or straw sandals. [5] (#cite_note-5) Straw shoes were worn by almost all people in ancient China regardless of social ranks; nomadic tribes were the exception. Different types of leaves and leaves would be woven together to create these types of shoes. Ancient-modern Lianlü (蓮履) Lotus shoes (/wiki/Lotus_shoes) Lotus shoes were worn by women who had bound feet (/wiki/Foot_binding) . Exact date of origin is unknown. Based on folk stories, it may have appeared in the Five dynasties period (/wiki/Five_Dynasties_and_Ten_Kingdoms_period) or in the Sui dynasty (/wiki/Sui_dynasty) . Unknown – Modern Hutou xie (虎头鞋) Tiger-head shoes (/wiki/Tiger-head_shoes) Also known as "tiger shoes". [6] (#cite_note-:120-6) These shoes were worn by Han Chinese Chinese children to scare off bad spirits. [7] (#cite_note-:104-7) [8] (#cite_note-:121-8) They are usually worn along with the tiger head hat. [9] (#cite_note-:118-9) [8] (#cite_note-:121-8) They vary in styles depending on regional culture. [6] (#cite_note-:120-6) Unknown – present day Xiuhua xie (繡花鞋) Embroidered shoes Also known as Chinese shoes, Chinese-style embroidered shoes, and Chinese slippers, are a well-known sub-type of traditional Chinese cloth shoes (中国布鞋);There are many shoe styles. The xiuhuaxie (/wiki/Xiuhuaxie) are characterized by its use of elaborate and colourful Chinese embroideries to create pattern on the shoes.The traditional handicraft of making xiuhuaxie is fully indigenous to China. Spring and Autumn period – present day Ji (屐) Wooden Clogs were shoes with two bars running perpendicular under the sole. [1] (#cite_note-:116-1) In Han dynasty (/wiki/Han_dynasty) , clogs were used on women's wedding day; they were decorated with colourful designs and ribbons. [1] (#cite_note-:116-1) In the Jin dynasty (/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(266%E2%80%93420)) , a new type of clogs were made. The sole, upper and bars were made with a single, whole piece of wood. [1] (#cite_note-:116-1) A clog with removable bars, called "Lord Xie Shoe"; it was called after the Southern dynasties period (/wiki/Northern_and_Southern_dynasties) poet Xie Lingyun (/wiki/Xie_Lingyun) whose creation of the shoe is attributed to. [1] (#cite_note-:116-1) Xueji (靴屐) Boot-like clogs The clogs which were worn in Southern China gradually became more boot-like after the Tang dynasty. [3] (#cite_note-:114-3) Xue (靴) Leather boots Leather boots were introduced by King Wuling of Zhao (/wiki/King_Wuling_of_Zhao) . They were generally worn by generals and calvarymen in Qin dynasty (/wiki/Qin_dynasty) . [ citation needed ] The Han Chinese also made women's boots. [3] (#cite_note-:114-3) In the Northerners wore leather boots when horseback riding in the Northern and Southern dynasties (/wiki/Northern_and_Southern_dynasties) . [3] (#cite_note-:114-3) Zhou-Present day Gallery [ edit ] Han socks, Mawangdui Tomb, Han dynasty. Yuntouxie See also [ edit ] Flowerpot shoe (/wiki/Flowerpot_shoe) , intended to mimic the gait of lotus shoes Hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) and List of Hanfu (/wiki/List_of_Hanfu) Lotus shoes (/wiki/Lotus_shoes) and Xiuhuaxie (/wiki/Xiuhuaxie) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d e f g h Yang, Shaorong (2004). Traditional Chinese clothing : costumes, adornments & culture (1st ed.). San Francisco: Long River Press. p. 53. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1-59265-019-8 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 52775158 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52775158) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "History of Traditional Chinese Hanfu Shoes – 2021" (https://www.newhanfu.com/3340.html) . www.newhanfu.com . 2020 . Retrieved 2021-03-28 . ^ a b c d Hsu, Cho-yun (2012). China: A New Cultural History . Masters of Chinese Studies (illustrated ed.). Columbia University Press. p. 220. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0231528184 . ^ a b Dien, Albert E. (2007). Six dynasties civilization . New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press. p. 315. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-300-07404-8 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 72868060 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/72868060) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Bonds, Alexandra B. (2019). Beijing opera costumes : the visual communication of character and culture . New York, NY. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-138-06942-8 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1019842143 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1019842143) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ a b Chen, Hui (2017). "Research on Innovation and Application of Styling Elements of Tiger Head Shoes" (https://www.atlantis-press.com/proceedings/icassee-17/25888455) . Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Art Studies: Science, Experience, Education (ICASSEE 2017) . Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research. Vol. 171. Atlantis Press. pp. 192–197. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2991/icassee-17.2018.42 (https://doi.org/10.2991%2Ficassee-17.2018.42) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-94-6252-438-5 . ^ (#cite_ref-:104_7-0) Garrett, Valery M. (2007). Chinese dress : from the Qing Dynasty to the Present . Tokyo: Tuttle Pub. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-8048-3663-0 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 154701513 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/154701513) . ^ a b Jin, Zhilin; 靳之林. (2004). Chinese folk arts . Dehua Wang, Bei Jin, 金蓓. Beijing: China International Press. p. 66. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 7-5085-0611-1 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 61214717 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/61214717) . ^ (#cite_ref-:118_9-0) China National Silk Museum. "中国丝绸博物馆" (http://www.chinasilkmuseum.com/gwgk/info_4.aspx?itemid=26485&lcid=628) . www.chinasilkmuseum.com . Retrieved 4 February 2021 . v t e Traditional Han Chinese clothing (/wiki/Hanfu) Characteristics Garment and neckline (list) (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu) Jiaoling youren (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Cross-collars) Mandarin collar (/wiki/Mandarin_collar) Fastening Pankou (/wiki/Frog_(fastening)) Chinese button knot (/wiki/Chinese_button_knot) Zimukou (/wiki/Frog_(fastening)) Styles Baoyi bodai (/wiki/Paofu#Baoyi_bodai) Shangjian xiafeng (/wiki/Ruqun#Shangjian_xiafeng) Fuyao (/wiki/Fuyao_(fashion)) Hufu (/wiki/Hufu) List of hanfu (/wiki/List_of_hanfu) Textile decoration and craft Diancui (/wiki/Tian-tsui) Chinese knotting (/wiki/Chinese_knotting) Chinese embroidery (/wiki/Chinese_embroidery) Chinese auspicious ornaments in textile and clothing (list) (/wiki/Chinese_auspicious_ornaments_in_textile_and_clothing) Xiangyun (/wiki/Xiangyun_(Auspicious_clouds)) Lishui (sea-waves) (/wiki/Lishui_(sea-waves)) Mandarin square (/wiki/Mandarin_square) Chinese ornamental gold silk 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(/wiki/List_of_Hanfu_headwear) Guan (/wiki/Guan_(headwear)) Mianguan (/wiki/Mianguan) Fengguan (/wiki/Fengguan) Futou (/wiki/Futou) Tang official headwear (/wiki/Tang_official_headwear) Song official headwear (/wiki/Song_official_headwear) Mao Humao (/wiki/Humao) Damao (/wiki/Damao_(hat)) Liangmao (/wiki/Liangmao) Weimao (/wiki/Weimao) Jin Fujin (/wiki/Fujin_(headgear)) Wangjin (/wiki/Wangjin) Hairpin Chinese hairpin (/wiki/Chinese_hairpin) Buyao (/wiki/Buyao) Comb Shubi (/wiki/Shubi_(comb)) Veil Honggaitou (/wiki/Honggaitou) Mili (/wiki/Mili_(veil)) Footwear (list) Xiuhuaxie (/wiki/Xiuhuaxie) Tiger-head shoes (/wiki/Tiger-head_shoes) Lotus shoes (/wiki/Lotus_shoes) Accessories (list) (/wiki/Hanfu_accessories) Head Lingzi (/wiki/Lingzi) Neck Yingluo (/wiki/Yingluo_(ornament)) Yunjian (/wiki/Yunjian) Fangxingquling (/wiki/Tongtianguanfu) Shoulders Pibo (/wiki/Pibo) Xiapei (/wiki/Xiapei) Chest Yajin (/wiki/Yajin) Waist Yaoqun (/wiki/Yaoqun) Lap Bixi (/wiki/Bixi_(clothing)) Ribbons and 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British fashion designer and Personal Assistant to Queen Elizabeth II Not to be confused with Angela Kelly (soccer) (/wiki/Angela_Kelly_(soccer)) . Angela Kelly, CVO (/wiki/Royal_Victorian_Order) Born Mary Angela Kelly ( 1957-11-04 ) 4 November 1957 (age 66) Liverpool (/wiki/Liverpool) , Lancashire (/wiki/Lancashire) , England (/wiki/England) Occupation(s) Fashion designer, dressmaker, milliner Title Personal Assistant, Adviser and Curator to the late Queen Elizabeth II (/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II) (1993–2022) Mary Angela Kelly , CVO (/wiki/Commander_of_the_Royal_Victorian_Order) (born 4 November 1957) is a British fashion designer, dressmaker, and milliner (/wiki/Milliner) , who served as Personal Assistant and Senior Dresser to Queen Elizabeth II (/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II) from 1993 until the monarch's death in 2022. [1] (#cite_note-1) Her official title was Personal Assistant, Adviser and Curator to Her Majesty The Queen (Jewellery, Insignias and Wardrobe). [2] (#cite_note-2) Early life [ edit ] Kelly was born in Liverpool (/wiki/Liverpool) , as the daughter of a dock worker (/wiki/Stevedore) [3] (#cite_note-3) and a nurse. [4] (#cite_note-4) Career [ edit ] A display of six of Queen Elizabeth II (/wiki/Elizabeth_II) 's outfits, five of which were designed by Kelly, at Hillsborough Castle (/wiki/Hillsborough_Castle) in County Down (/wiki/County_Down) , Northern Ireland. Kelly first began working for the Queen after gaining employment as the Queen's Dresser following an interview at Windsor Castle (/wiki/Windsor_Castle) in 1994. [5] (#cite_note-5) She was responsible for the Queen's clothes, jewellery and insignia (/wiki/Insignia) , researching the venues for royal visits as well as the significance of different colours, in order to create appropriate outfits for the monarch. [6] (#cite_note-6) In 2019, Kelly announced that the Queen would only wear faux-furs. [7] (#cite_note-7) Notable creations by Kelly include: The replica of the royal christening gown (/wiki/Royal_christening_gown#United_Kingdom) . [8] (#cite_note-TeleChristening-8) [9] (#cite_note-VogueTaylor-9) The original, which had been commissioned by Queen Victoria (/wiki/Queen_Victoria) for the christening of her first child, Victoria, Princess Royal (/wiki/Victoria,_Princess_Royal) , was retired in 2004 by Elizabeth II for conservation purposes. [8] (#cite_note-TeleChristening-8) Kelly's replica has been worn by royal babies for their christenings since 2008. [10] (#cite_note-10) The Queen's outfit for the wedding (/wiki/Wedding_of_Prince_William_and_Catherine_Middleton) of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge (/wiki/Prince_William,_Duke_of_Cambridge) , and Catherine Middleton (/wiki/Catherine,_Duchess_of_Cambridge) ; [9] (#cite_note-VogueTaylor-9) [11] (#cite_note-11) a primrose-yellow double crepe (/wiki/Crepe_(textile)) wool coat and matching wool dress, with hand-sewn beading at the neck in the shape of sunrays. Princess Beatrice (/wiki/Princess_Beatrice_of_York) and Princess Eugenie (/wiki/Princess_Eugenie_of_York) 's outfits for the wedding of Zara Phillips (/wiki/Zara_Phillips) . [12] (#cite_note-12) Together with British fashion designer Stewart Parvin (/wiki/Stewart_Parvin) , Kelly altered, remodeled and fitted the dress (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Beatrice_of_York) that Princess Beatrice of York wore at her wedding (/wiki/Wedding_of_Princess_Beatrice_and_Edoardo_Mapelli_Mozzi) to Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi (/wiki/Edoardo_Mapelli_Mozzi) on 17 July 2020. The original dress was designed by the British fashion designer Norman Hartnell (/wiki/Norman_Hartnell) , who had originally created it for Queen Elizabeth II, the bride's grandmother, in the 1960s. [13] (#cite_note-tandc-13) With other members of the royal household, she attended the state funeral of Queen Elizabeth II (/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Elizabeth_II) on 19 September 2022. [14] (#cite_note-14) Other work [ edit ] Kelly founded a fashion label, Kelly & Pordum (/w/index.php?title=Kelly_%26_Pordum&action=edit&redlink=1) , with Alison Pordum (/w/index.php?title=Alison_Pordum&action=edit&redlink=1) , who was also employed as the Queen's in-house dressmaker until 2008. [15] (#cite_note-15) Kelly is also the author of Dressing the Queen: The Jubilee Wardrobe and The Other Side of the Coin: The Queen, the Dresser and the Wardrobe . Honours [ edit ] Royal Victorian Order (/wiki/Royal_Victorian_Order) : 17 June 2006: Member (MVO) [16] (#cite_note-16) 13 September 2012: Lieutenant (LVO) [17] (#cite_note-17) 25 March 2023: Commander (CVO) [18] (#cite_note-18) Criticism [ edit ] In the 2023 biography Spare , by Prince Harry (ghostwritten by J. R. Moehringer), Angela Kelly is described as “a troublemaker” who purposefully withheld the tiara promised to Meghan Markle by Queen Elizabeth in her private dressing room, going so far as to begin a row with the Prince during her eventual, curt delivery of the tiara and leveling a threatening gaze. [19] (#cite_note-19) Bibliography [ edit ] Kelly, Angela (2012). Dressing the Queen: The Jubilee Wardrobe . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-905686-26-1 . [20] (#cite_note-20) Kelly, Angela (2019). The Other Side of the Coin: The Queen, the Dresser and the Wardrobe . HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0008368364 . References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Royal Collection - Queen & Commonwealth (http://www.royalcollection.org.uk/microsites/queenandcommonwealth/MicroSection.asp?themeid=945&type=More&exid=241) ^ (#cite_ref-2) "9 things to know about the Queen's dressmaker Angela Kelly" (https://www.vogue.com.au/fashion/news/9-things-to-know-about-the-queens-dressmaker-angela-kelly/image-gallery/cc66070bd36516230fb0a5ba9a842b29) . 29 October 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Queen Elizabeth II's style shaped to suit a sovereign" (https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220908-queen-elizabeth-ii-s-style-shaped-to-suit-a-sovereign) . France 24 . AFP. 8 September 2022. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Nicholson, Abigail (19 September 2022). "Queen's Liverpool right hand woman attends her funeral" (https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/queens-liverpool-right-hand-woman-25057807) . Liverpool Echo . Retrieved 26 September 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "The Queen's Dressmaker: Angela Kelly" (https://royalcentral.co.uk/features/insight/the-queens-dressmaker-angela-kelly-52052/) . 7 August 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Her Majesty's A team" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/the_queens_diamond_jubilee/9074791/Her-Majestys-A-Team.html) . Daily Telegraph . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Queen Elizabeth II is going fur-free" (https://www.cbsnews.com/news/queen-elizabeth-britain-shunned-fur-dresser-angela-kelly-reveals-book-2019-11-06/) . www.cbsnews.com . Retrieved 2019-12-16 . ^ a b Holt, Bethan; Ranscombe, Stan (6 July 2019). "The story behind the royal christening robe that Archie Mountbatten Windsor wore for his baptism" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/royals/royal-christening-gown-what-archie-harrison-mountbatten-windsor/) . The Telegraph . Retrieved 4 August 2019 . ^ a b Taylor, Elise (20 February 2018). "Who Is Angela Kelly, the Queen's Right-Hand Woman at London Fashion Week?" (https://www.vogue.com/article/queen-elizabeth-angela-kelly-london-fashion-week) . Vogue . Retrieved 4 August 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Joseph, Claudia (20 October 2013). "Creator of christening gown finally revealed" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/creator-of-christening-gown-finally-revealed-crczq9hhlpd) . The Times . Retrieved 26 September 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Liverpool-born designer Angela Kelly designed the Queen's Royal Wedding outfit - In The Mix Today - News - Liverpool Echo (http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/liverpool-news/in-the-mix/2011/04/29/liverpool-born-designer-angela-kelly-designed-the-queen-s-royal-wedding-outfit-100252-28609017/) ^ (#cite_ref-12) Zara Phillips wedding guests: fashion verdicts - mirror.co.uk (https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/top-stories/2011/07/31/zara-phillips-wedding-guests-fashion-verdicts-115875-23309124/) ^ (#cite_ref-tandc_13-0) Hallemann, Caroline (18 July 2020). "Princess Beatrice's Stunning Vintage Wedding Dress Was Her "Something Old" (https://www.townandcountrymag.com/style/fashion-trends/a33352749/princess-beatrice-wedding-dress-photos/) " (https://www.townandcountrymag.com/style/fashion-trends/a33352749/princess-beatrice-wedding-dress-photos/) . Town and Country Magazine (/wiki/Town_and_Country_Magazine) . Retrieved 18 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Newton, Jennifer (19 September 2022). "Queen's devoted best friend who was with her until the end pays her respects" (https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/royals/queens-devoted-best-friend-who-28024780) . mirror . Retrieved 26 September 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Newbold, Alice (9 February 2016). "How Angela Kelly created the Queen's latest elegant look" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/people/in-praise-of-the-queens-elegant-cross-country-style/) . The Telegraph . Retrieved 4 August 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "No. 58014" (https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/58014/supplement/3) . The London Gazette (/wiki/The_London_Gazette) (Supplement). 17 June 2006. p. 3. ^ (#cite_ref-17) 2012 Jubilee Honours List - Royal.gov website (http://www.royal.gov.uk/LatestNewsandDiary/Pressreleases/2012/The2012DiamondJubileeHonoursList13September2012.aspx) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20120914201336/http://www.royal.gov.uk/LatestNewsandDiary/Pressreleases/2012/The2012DiamondJubileeHonoursList13September2012.aspx) September 14, 2012, at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-18) "No. 64008" (https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/64008/supplement/) . The London Gazette (/wiki/The_London_Gazette) (Supplement). 25 March 2023. p. D2. ^ (#cite_ref-19) Harry (2023). Spare . Random House. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-593677-86-5 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) New Royal Collection Trust publication Dressing The Queen: The Jubilee Wardrobe (http://www.royalcollection.org.uk/news/dressing-the-queen-the-jubilee-wardrobe) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000056985727) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/80087417) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJkHppvxGYqBjm9BBhPhHC) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2013049553) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5fd5d84b48‐xwmtc Cached time: 20240717105422 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.482 seconds Real time usage: 0.626 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2681/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 38794/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1837/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 68727/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.324/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7150448/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 585.493 1 -total 24.19% 141.605 1 Template:Infobox_person 20.79% 121.710 1 Template:Reflist 18.48% 108.211 1 Template:Authority_control 16.63% 97.382 3 Template:Cite_book 12.42% 72.713 1 Template:Short_description 7.34% 42.973 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 7.23% 42.313 2 Template:Pagetype 6.32% 36.992 17 Template:Main_other 6.14% 35.933 1 Template:Bda Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:33939235-0!canonical and timestamp 20240717105422 and revision id 1234753046. 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British shoe manufacturer Irregular Choice is a fashion brand founded in Brighton in 1999. [1] (#cite_note-inshort-1) It specialises in unusual footwear, bags and accessories. History [ edit ] Irregular Choice was founded in 1999 by the designer Dan Sullivan. He told Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) that his brightly coloured, unusual designs were created in response to "boring" and "very black and brown" British High Street fashions in the late 1990s, and that the printed and coloured footwear sold far better than the classic designs. [2] (#cite_note-wwd-2) Sullivan's mother had originally designed for the fashion label Red or Dead (/wiki/Red_or_Dead) , and his father had founded a shoe brand called Pod, which led Sullivan down the path of wanting to "do something mad and adventurous, something based on an irregular concept." [3] (#cite_note-taylor-3) Irregular Choice has collaborated with multiple brands and designers. A small collection of shoes created for Heatherette (/wiki/Heatherette) 's 2007 collection reportedly led to demand from the likes of Mena Suvari (/wiki/Mena_Suvari) , Theodora Richards (/wiki/Theodora_Richards) and Lydia Hearst (/wiki/Lydia_Hearst) ; and was followed up by a spin-off range called Heatherette Loves Irregular Choice in response to fan demand. [2] (#cite_note-wwd-2) [4] (#cite_note-4) For two years they produced a line in collaboration with the cult fashion doll Blythe (/wiki/Blythe_(doll)) , featuring the doll's image. [2] (#cite_note-wwd-2) Products [ edit ] Irregular Choice shoe with unicorn heel, 2014 Among Irregular Choice's early designs were shoes and boots based upon the traditional Japanese split-toe look. [5] (#cite_note-5) In Summer 2004, the brand introduced handbags; followed up with gloves, umbrellas and other accessories for that year's Fall collections. [3] (#cite_note-taylor-3) In February 2008 they launched a womenswear line using prints that Sullivan's team designed themselves. [2] (#cite_note-wwd-2) One Irregular Choice trademark is the "character heel," including rabbit-shaped ones (called ' Thumper (/wiki/Thumper_(Bambi)) '), [6] (#cite_note-6) garden gnome (/wiki/Garden_gnome) [7] (#cite_note-7) and unicorn (/wiki/Unicorn) designs. [8] (#cite_note-8) Stores [ edit ] In 2003 Irregular Choice debuted their shoes onto the American market, and within a year were being stocked by 240 stores across the United States. [3] (#cite_note-taylor-3) In 2007 Irregular Choice opened its first shop in SoHo, Manhattan (/wiki/SoHo,_Manhattan) , with weekly sales from $25,000 to $35,000. [2] (#cite_note-wwd-2) By 2012 they were selling products in more than 50 countries, with new shops opening in Hong Kong and Paris and aiming to open a new shop in Dublin. [1] (#cite_note-inshort-1) In 2008, their flagship store launched on Carnaby Street (/wiki/Carnaby_Street) in London, [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) and alongside the Brighton shop (opened in 2010), [11] (#cite_note-11) two additional Irregular Choice shops were opened in Leicester and Norwich in 2012. [12] (#cite_note-12) Links [ edit ] Official website: http://www.irregularchoice.com/ (http://www.irregularchoice.com/) References [ edit ] ^ a b "In Short: A round-up of today's other stories in brief" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170302114110/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-30663618.html) . The Irish Times . 8 February 2012. Archived from the original (http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-30663618.html) on 2 March 2017 . Retrieved 5 September 2014 . ^ a b c d e Edelson, Sharon (29 November 2007). "U.K. footwear brand goes sweet for SoHo.(Irregular Choice)" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140921204324/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-172527109.html) . Women's Wear Daily . Archived from the original (http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-172527109.html) on 21 September 2014 . Retrieved 5 September 2014 . ^ a b c Taylor, Sarah (9 February 2004). "Business Unusual; Irregular Choice's Designer Talks Lateral Thinking, British Fashion and A Certain Brick Wall. (Sullivan, Danny)(Interview)" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140921204322/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-113236293.html) . Footwear News . Archived from the original (http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-113236293.html) on 21 September 2014 . Retrieved 5 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Irregular Shoe Candy" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2007/02/26/irregular-shoe-candy) . VOGUE UK . 26 February 2007 . Retrieved 5 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Russak, Brian; Taylor, Sarah (3 March 2003). "INSIDER.(Nike Inc. loses shoes, Patricia Field shops at Sole Commerce, 'Queer as Folk' holds premier party)" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140921204326/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-98438157.html) . Footwear News . Archived from the original (http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-98438157.html) on 21 September 2014 . Retrieved 5 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) McQuarrie, Laura. "The 'Thumper' Irregular Choice Shoes Sport Unusual Heels" (http://www.trendhunter.com/trends/irregular-choice-shoes) . Trendhunter . Retrieved 5 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) McQuarrie, Laura. "The 'When in Gnome' Heels by Irregular Choice are Gnome-Supported" (http://www.trendhunter.com/trends/when-in-gnome) . Trendhunter . Retrieved 6 August 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Baxter, Michael. "These Unicorn Heels Make Walking Feel Like a Magical Experience" (http://www.trendhunter.com/trends/unicorn-heels) . Trendhunter . Retrieved 1 February 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Barnett, Leisa (5 November 2008). "Something Irregular" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2008/11/05/irregular-choice-opens-london-store) . VOGUE UK . Retrieved 5 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Irregular Choice: Footwear brand's debut UK store on Carnaby Street brightens shoppers' moods!" (http://www.company.co.uk/city-guide/london/shop/irregular-choice-32148) . Company . Hearst Magazines UK . Retrieved 5 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Bearne, Suzanne (16 June 2010). "Irregular Choice to open second UK store" (https://www.drapersonline.com/news/irregular-choice-to-open-second-uk-store) . Drapers (subscription required) . Retrieved 5 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Gallagher, Victoria (26 October 2012). "Irregular Choice plans duo of new stores" (https://www.drapersonline.com/news/irregular-choice-plans-duo-of-new-stores) . Drapers (subscription required) . Retrieved 5 September 2014 . 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American model (born 2001) Kaia Gerber Gerber in 2019 Born Kaia Jordan Gerber ( 2001-09-03 ) September 3, 2001 (age 22) Los Angeles, California (/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California) , U.S. Occupations Model actress Years active 2014–present Parents Cindy Crawford (/wiki/Cindy_Crawford) Rande Gerber (/wiki/Rande_Gerber) Modeling information Height 5 ft 9 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (1.77 m) [1] (#cite_note-Compcard-1) Hair color Brown Eye color Brown Agency DNA Model Management (New York) [2] (#cite_note-dna_models-2) VIVA Model Management (/wiki/VIVA_Model_Management) (Paris, London, Milan) [3] (#cite_note-3) Kaia Jordan Gerber (born September 3, 2001) is an American model and actress. [4] (#cite_note-4) After starring in a series of ad campaigns for fashion brands since debuting at Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) in 2017, Gerber won Model of the Year at the British Fashion Awards (/wiki/The_Fashion_Awards) in 2018. [5] (#cite_note-5) Early life [ edit ] Kaia Jordan Gerber was born on September 3, 2001, in Los Angeles, California. She is the younger of two children born to supermodel Cindy Crawford (/wiki/Cindy_Crawford) [6] (#cite_note-6) and businessman Rande Gerber (/wiki/Rande_Gerber) . [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-biography.com-8) She has an older brother, Presley. [ citation needed ] Her mother, who is of German, English, French, and Danish ancestry, is a Congregationalist (/wiki/Congregationalist) Christian [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) and her father is an American Jew. In a 2018 interview, she stated "my dad is Jewish (/wiki/Jewish) and my mom is Christian so we grew up doing both; we call it Chrismukah (/wiki/Chrismukkah) . I love learning about both of those sides of my life. We'd do Passover (/wiki/Passover) , Passover dinner (/wiki/Passover_Seder) and Yom Kippur (/wiki/Yom_Kippur) . I love learning all of that, and learning the cooking." [11] (#cite_note-mnf1-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) Through her mother, she is a descendant of English Puritan (/wiki/Puritan) settler Thomas Trowbridge, who helped establish the Congregational Church (/wiki/Congregational_Church) in New Haven (/wiki/New_Haven) . [14] (#cite_note-14) When she was 10, Gerber landed her first modeling gig with Versace (/wiki/Versace) 's junior line, Young Versace. Gerber took online classes at Malibu High School (/wiki/Malibu_High_School) . [15] (#cite_note-15) Career [ edit ] Gerber at the 2019 Max Mara Fashion Week (/wiki/Max_Mara_Fashion_Group) in Milan Early work 2012-2018 [ edit ] Kaia Gerber was part of the Young Versace S/S 12 campaign when she was only 10 years old. [16] (#cite_note-16) Gerber made her acting debut at 15 in Sister Cities (/wiki/Sister_Cities_(film)) as the young version of Carolina. [17] (#cite_note-17) In July 2015 Gerber signed under IMG models. [18] (#cite_note-18) Gerber appeared on the cover of Vogue Paris (/wiki/Vogue_Paris) , Vogue Netherlands (/wiki/Vogue_Netherlands) , and Vogue India (/wiki/Vogue_India) along with her mother Cindy Crawford in 2016. [19] (#cite_note-19) In 2016, Gerber was also part of the Marc Jacobs "Daisy" fragrance advertisement and beauty fall campaign. [20] (#cite_note-auto-20) Gerber was also part of the Alexander Wang's S/S 16 campaign, and Chrome Hearts S/S 16 campaign. [20] (#cite_note-auto-20) In 2017, Gerber appeared on the Teen Vogue Fall 2017 edition. In February 2018, Gerber appeared on the cover of Vogue Paris, in July 2018 on the cover of Vogue Italia and on October in the cover of Vogue Paris. [21] (#cite_note-21) Gerber made her runway debut for Raf Simons (/wiki/Raf_Simons) 's Calvin Klein Collection (/wiki/Calvin_Klein_Collection) at 16 years old and walked for fashion houses such as Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) , Burberry (/wiki/Burberry) , Alexander Wang (/wiki/Alexander_Wang_(designer)) , Coach (/wiki/Coach,_Inc.) , Prada (/wiki/Prada) , Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) , Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) , Miu Miu (/wiki/Miu_Miu) , Max Mara (/wiki/Max_Mara) , Givenchy (/wiki/Givenchy) , Bottega Veneta (/wiki/Bottega_Veneta) , Stella McCartney (/wiki/Stella_McCartney) , Isabel Marrant (/wiki/Isabel_Marant) , Alberta Ferretti (/wiki/Alberta_Ferretti) , Loewe (/wiki/Loewe_(fashion_brand)) , Chloé (/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9) , Sacai (/wiki/Sacai) , Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors) , Moncler (/wiki/Moncler) , JW. Anderson (/wiki/JW_Anderson) , Longchamp (/wiki/Longchamp_(company)) , Tom Ford (/wiki/Tom_Ford) , Salvatore Ferragamo (/wiki/Salvatore_Ferragamo_S.p.A.) , Ports1961 (/wiki/Ports_International) , Lanvin (/wiki/Lanvin_(company)) , Anna Sui (/wiki/Anna_Sui) , Moschino (/wiki/Moschino) , Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(brand)) , Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) , Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_designer)) , and Versace (/wiki/Versace) , alongside her mother, during 2018 Spring Fashion Week. Gerber rose to fame after opening Alexander Wang's S/S 17 show at the age of 16. [22] (#cite_note-22) Gerber has made editorials and has been on the cover of fashion magazines, including The Love Magazine (/wiki/Love_(magazine)) , i-D (/wiki/I-D) , Teen Vogue (/wiki/Teen_Vogue) and Pop Magazine (/wiki/Pop_Magazine) , etc. as well as different covers and international editions of Vogue , including Vogue Paris , Vogue Japan (/wiki/Vogue_Japan) , Vogue Italia , Vogue British , Vogue India , Vogue China (/wiki/Vogue_China) , Vogue Magazine , and "The Book edition" for Vogue Netherlands with her mother in Winter, 2016. Gerber appeared in the Miu Miu (/wiki/Miu_Miu) eyewear campaign in 2016 and the Omega (/wiki/Omega_SA) campaign in 2017. [23] (#cite_note-23) with her mother photographed by Peter Lindbergh (/wiki/Peter_Lindbergh) . In Spring 2018, she appeared in campaigns for Versace (/wiki/Versace) , Calvin Klein (/wiki/Calvin_Klein_(company)) , and Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(brand)) fall/winter. In 2018, she and Sofia Mechetner (/wiki/Sofia_Mechetner) led the campaign for Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) 's fragrance Daisy. In the same year, she was the star of the Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) spring handbags campaign photographed by Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) . [24] (#cite_note-24) and Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_designer)) . [25] (#cite_note-25) In 2018, Gerber collaborated with Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) to create the KarlxKaia collection, [26] (#cite_note-26) her first collection. In 2018, Gerber won Model of the Year at the Fashion Awards. [27] (#cite_note-27) Rise to prominence 2019-present [ edit ] In 2019, Gerber starred in Jimmy Choo (/wiki/Jimmy_Choo_(company)) 's [28] (#cite_note-28) spring/summer and fall/winter campaigns, the Stella McCartney (/wiki/Stella_McCartney) spring campaign and the Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) spring campaign. She also debuted as the new face of advertising campaigns and brand ambassador for YSL beauty (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(brand)) . [29] (#cite_note-29) [30] (#cite_note-30) Gerber also appeared on the cover of the British Vogue for the October Issue. [31] (#cite_note-31) For the F/W 2019 season Gerber walked 26 fashion shows, opening 4 and closing 4. [32] (#cite_note-32) In 2020, Gerber starred in the Louis Vuitton (/wiki/Louis_Vuitton) "Twist bag" spring summer advertising campaign photographed by Craig McDean (/wiki/Craig_McDean) . [33] (#cite_note-33) In 2020 Gerber appeared on her first American Vogue Cover for the April issue along with supermodel Adut Akech and also appeared on the cover of Vogue Italia for the May and September Issue. [34] (#cite_note-34) [35] (#cite_note-35) On August 14, 2020, Daily Front Row (/wiki/Daily_Front_Row) listed Gerber as one of a group of high-profile investors who purchased W magazine (/wiki/W_magazine) , a fashion magazine. [36] (#cite_note-fashionweekdaily2020-08-14-36) Gerber appeared in the tenth season (/wiki/American_Horror_Story:_Double_Feature) of the FX (/wiki/FX_(TV_channel)) horror anthology American Horror Story (/wiki/American_Horror_Story) , as well as its spinoff, American Horror Stories (/wiki/American_Horror_Stories) . [37] (#cite_note-Gerber-37) [38] (#cite_note-38) In 2021, she appeared on the American Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) cover, featuring on their June/July issue, and again on their September issue. [39] (#cite_note-39) [40] (#cite_note-40) In 2022, Gerber was cast to recur in the Apple TV+ (/wiki/Apple_TV%2B) miniseries Palm Royale (/wiki/Palm_Royale) . [41] (#cite_note-41) She next appeared in Damien Chazelle (/wiki/Damien_Chazelle) 's period drama Babylon (/wiki/Babylon_(2022_film)) , which was her feature film debut. In 2023, Gerber covered the American and French (/wiki/Elle_France) editions of Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) [42] (#cite_note-42) and starred in an advertising campaign for Alaïa (/wiki/Ala%C3%AFa) . [43] (#cite_note-43) She also appeared in the teen sex comedy film Bottoms (/wiki/Bottoms_(film)) alongside Rachel Sennott (/wiki/Rachel_Sennott) and Ayo Edebiri (/wiki/Ayo_Edebiri) . [44] (#cite_note-44) It premiered at South by Southwest (/wiki/South_by_Southwest) on March 11, 2023 to positive reviews. [45] (#cite_note-45) It was released in the United States on August 25, 2023. [46] (#cite_note-46) In 2024, Gerber appeared on the British Vogue for the March issue which featured 40 icons in the fashion industry. [47] (#cite_note-47) On March 20, 2024, Palm Royale debuted on Apple TV+ (/wiki/Apple_TV%2B) , with Gerber taking on the role of Mitzi, an aspiring model in 1969 Palm Beach. She appeared in the first 10 episodes of the show. On April 6, 2024, Gerber appeared in a cameo role in the Saturday Night Live sketch, Pilates. [48] (#cite_note-48) Personal life [ edit ] Gerber resides in New York (/wiki/New_York_City) and Malibu (/wiki/Malibu,_California) . [49] (#cite_note-mercury-49) She dated American comedian Pete Davidson (/wiki/Pete_Davidson) from late 2019 until February 2020. [49] (#cite_note-mercury-49) In August 2020, she began a relationship with Australian actor Jacob Elordi (/wiki/Jacob_Elordi) . The couple broke up after a year. In December 2021, she began dating American actor Austin Butler (/wiki/Austin_Butler) . [50] (#cite_note-50) Awards and honors [ edit ] Year Award Category Result Ref. 2015 The Daily's Annual Fashion Media Awards (/wiki/Daily_Front_Row) Breakthrough Model Award Won [51] (#cite_note-51) 2018 The Fashion Awards (/wiki/The_Fashion_Awards) Model of the Year Won [52] (#cite_note-52) [53] (#cite_note-53) Filmography [ edit ] Film [ edit ] Year Title Role Notes 2022 Babylon (/wiki/Babylon_(2022_film)) Starlet 2023 Bottoms (/wiki/Bottoms_(film)) Brittany TBA Mother Mary (/wiki/Mother_Mary_(upcoming_film)) Sam Post-production Shell (/wiki/Shell_(upcoming_film)) Chloe Benson Post-production SNL 1975 (/wiki/SNL_1975) Jacqueline Carlin Post-production Outcome (/wiki/Outcome_(film)) Filming Television [ edit ] Year Title Role Notes 2016 Sister Cities (/wiki/Sister_Cities_(film)) Young Carolina Television film 2017 Rich Kids of Instagram Herself Episode: "Pilot: RKOI" 2021 American Horror Stories (/wiki/American_Horror_Stories) Ruby McDaniel 3 episodes American Horror Story: Double Feature (/wiki/American_Horror_Story:_Double_Feature) Kendall Carr 4 episodes 2024 In the Know (/wiki/In_the_Know) Herself Episode: "I'm No Hero" [54] (#cite_note-54) Palm Royale (/wiki/Palm_Royale) Mitzi Recurring role RuPaul's Drag Race (/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Drag_Race_season_16) Herself/Guest Judge Episode: "See You Next Wednesday" Music videos [ edit ] Year Title Artist(s) Notes 2019 "Burnout" John Eatherly [55] (#cite_note-55) 2020 " Imagine (/wiki/Imagine_(Gal_Gadot_video)) " [56] (#cite_note-56) "Crying in the Mirror" Rainsford [57] (#cite_note-57) References [ edit ] [58] (#cite_note-58) ^ (#cite_ref-Compcard_1-0) "DNA Models Kaia Gerber" (https://www.dnamodels.com/div/women-main-board/model/kaia-gerber2/p/8211/c/-1/?sid=21284) . DNA Model Management LLC . Retrieved December 7, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-dna_models_2-0) "DNA Models" (https://www.dnamodels.com/div/women-main-board/model/kaia-gerber2/p/8201/c/-1/) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210128200530/https://www.dnamodels.com/div/women-main-board/model/kaia-gerber2/p/8201/c/-1/) from the original on January 28, 2021 . Retrieved December 11, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Viva Model Management - Kaia Gerber" (http://www.viva-paris.com/paris/kaia-gerber) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210121011016/http://www.viva-paris.com/paris/kaia-gerber) from the original on January 21, 2021 . Retrieved December 11, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Kaia Gerber - Model Profile - Photos & latest news" (https://models.com/models/kaia-gerber) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "All the Times Kaia Gerber and Cindy Crawford Looked Like Twins" (https://www.vogue.com/slideshow/all-the-times-kaia-gerber-and-cindy-crawford-looked-like-twins) . Vogue . May 18, 2021 . Retrieved April 6, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Devaney, Susan (May 18, 2021). "All The Times Kaia Gerber And Cindy Crawford Looked Like Twins" (https://www.vogue.com/slideshow/all-the-times-kaia-gerber-and-cindy-crawford-looked-like-twins) . Vogue . Retrieved May 21, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Creeden, Molly (December 8, 2014). "Meet Cindy Crawford's Daughter Kaia Gerber, A 13-Year-Old Who's About to Become the Next Big Thing" (https://www.yahoo.com/style/meet-cindy-crawfords-daughter-kaia-gerber-a-104090282078.html) . Teen Vogue (/wiki/Teen_Vogue) . Yahoo. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170827004308/https://www.yahoo.com/style/meet-cindy-crawfords-daughter-kaia-gerber-a-104090282078.html) from the original on August 27, 2017 . Retrieved December 8, 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-biography.com_8-0) "Cindy Crawford: Model (" (https://www.biography.com/people/cindy-crawford-9542465) . Biography.com (/wiki/Biography.com) ( FYI (/wiki/FYI_(TV_network)) / A&E Networks (/wiki/A%26E_Networks) ). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170429001258/http://www.biography.com/people/cindy-crawford-9542465) from the original on April 29, 2017 . Retrieved June 21, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Cindy Crawford [@CindyCrawford] (/wiki/Cindy_Crawford) (June 4, 2010). "@eyecandyMichele I'm a mutt! My family has been in the US for several generations, but i'm mostly German, English and French" (https://x.com/CindyCrawford/status/15444100073) ( Tweet (/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)) ). Archived (https://archive.today/20121204011547/https://twitter.com/CindyCrawford/status/15444100073) from the original on December 4, 2012 . Retrieved October 1, 2017 – via Twitter (/wiki/Twitter) . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Cindy Crawford uncovers connections with Earnest Hemingway and Charlemagne!" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iYpE2YGP1FI&t=678s) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . October 21, 2023. Who Do You Think You Are? Season 4 Episode 6. Air date: August 27, 2013 ^ (#cite_ref-mnf1_11-0) "Most Wanted: Kaia Gerber" (https://www.manifesto.asia/post/966/MOST-WANTED-Kaia-Gerber) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191024002811/https://www.manifesto.asia/post/966/MOST-WANTED-Kaia-Gerber) from the original on October 24, 2019 . Retrieved October 24, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Why Cindy Crawford's Heart Belongs To Malibu" (https://magazinec.com/style/being-cindy-crawford/) . C Magazine . November 28, 2018. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190430235532/https://magazinec.com/style/being-cindy-crawford/) from the original on April 30, 2019 . Retrieved April 8, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Elle Decor Magazine article from 2002" (http://www.forthill.com/press_data/elle_decor_oct02.pdf) (PDF) . Elle Decor . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190506115227/http://www.forthill.com/press_data/elle_decor_oct02.pdf) (PDF) from the original on May 6, 2019 . Retrieved April 8, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Cindy Crawford discovers her New Haven roots" (https://www.nhregister.com/connecticut/article/Cindy-Crawford-discovers-her-New-Haven-roots-11412335.php) . New Haven Register . August 26, 2013. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210413192053/https://www.nhregister.com/connecticut/article/Cindy-Crawford-discovers-her-New-Haven-roots-11412335.php) from the original on April 13, 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Kaia Gerber's Perfect Day" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/features/a14530296/kaia-gerber-interview/) . January 23, 2018. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190212011651/https://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/features/a14530296/kaia-gerber-interview/) from the original on February 12, 2019 . Retrieved February 10, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Baby Supermodel" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/cindy-crawford-kaia-gerber-fronts-versace-campaign) . British Vogue . January 19, 2012 . 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March 16, 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Vogue Paris April 2016 Cover (Vogue France)" (https://models.com/work/vogue-paris-vogue-paris-april-2016-cover) . ^ a b "Kaia Gerber - Model - detail by year" (https://models.com/models/kaia-gerber/8/year/advertising) . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Kaia Gerber - Model - detail by year" (https://models.com/models/kaia-gerber/3/year/magazine) . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Kaia Gerber on the One Beauty Lesson She Learned From Cindy Crawford—Backstage at Alexander Wang" (https://www.vogue.com/article/kaia-gerber-alexander-wang-spring-2018-new-york-fashion-week-makeup-hair-cindy-crawford) . Vogue . September 10, 2017 . Retrieved April 6, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Cindy Crawford & Kaia Gerber Front OMEGA Watches Campaign" (https://www.fashiongonerogue.com/cindy-crawford-kaia-gerber-omega-campaign/) . Fashion Gone Rogue . October 2, 2017. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201030203144/https://www.fashiongonerogue.com/cindy-crawford-kaia-gerber-omega-campaign/) from the original on October 30, 2020 . Retrieved September 13, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Fisher, Lauren Alexis (February 26, 2018). "Kaia Gerber Lands Her First Chanel Campaign" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/models/a18730622/kaia-gerber-first-chanel-campaign/) . Harper's Bazaar . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200916213640/https://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/models/a18730622/kaia-gerber-first-chanel-campaign/) from the original on September 16, 2020 . Retrieved September 13, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Anastasiou, Zoe. "Kaia Gerber Just Landed Her First Valentino Campaign" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com.au/fashion/kaia-gerber-valentino-campaign-16555) . Harper's Bazaar . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201030203250/https://www.harpersbazaar.com.au/fashion/kaia-gerber-valentino-campaign-16555) from the original on October 30, 2020 . Retrieved September 10, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "It's Here! Karl Lagerfeld x Kaia Gerber's Cali Inspired Collaboration Lands" (https://www.fashiongonerogue.com/shop/kaia-gerber-karl-lagerfeld-collection-buy/) . Fashion Gone Rogue . August 30, 2018. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201030203300/https://www.fashiongonerogue.com/shop/kaia-gerber-karl-lagerfeld-collection-buy/) from the original on October 30, 2020 . Retrieved September 13, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "All The Times Kaia Gerber And Cindy Crawford Looked Like Twins" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/fashion/gallery/kaia-gerber-cindy-crawford-look-alike) . British Vogue . February 5, 2020 . Retrieved April 6, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) Samaha, Barry (February 3, 2020). "Kaia Gerber's Capsule Shoe Collection with Jimmy Choo is Perfect" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/models/a30632350/jimmy-choo-kaia-gerber-shoe-collection/) . Harper's Bazaar . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201030203346/https://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/models/a30632350/jimmy-choo-kaia-gerber-shoe-collection/) from the original on October 30, 2020 . Retrieved September 10, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) "Kaia Gerber Is The New Make-Up Ambassador For YSL Beauté" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/kaia-gerber-for-ysl-beaute) . British Vogue . October 2018. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201030203328/https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/kaia-gerber-for-ysl-beaute) from the original on October 30, 2020 . Retrieved September 10, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) Rodulfo, Kristina (October 1, 2018). "Kaia Gerber Just Landed a Major Beauty Gig" (https://www.elle.com/beauty/makeup-skin-care/a23546024/kaia-gerber-announced-ysl-beauty-ambassador/) . Elle . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201030203316/https://www.elle.com/beauty/makeup-skin-care/a23546024/kaia-gerber-announced-ysl-beauty-ambassador/) from the original on October 30, 2020 . Retrieved September 10, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "British Vogue October 2019 Cover (British Vogue)" (https://models.com/work/british-vogue-british-vogue-october-2019-cover) . ^ (#cite_ref-32) "MODELS.com's Runway" (https://models.com/rankings/ui/Runway/) . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "Kaia Gerber Charms in Louis Vuitton 'Twist' Spring 2020 Campaign" (https://www.fashiongonerogue.com/kaia-gerber-louis-vuitton-twist-spring-2020-campaign/) . Fashion Gone Rogue . February 28, 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201030203317/https://www.fashiongonerogue.com/kaia-gerber-louis-vuitton-twist-spring-2020-campaign/) from the original on October 30, 2020 . Retrieved September 13, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "American Vogue April 2020 Covers (American Vogue)" (https://models.com/work/american-vogue-american-vogue-april-2020-covers) . ^ (#cite_ref-35) "Vogue Italia x L'Uomo Vogue May 2020 Covers (Vogue Italia)" (https://models.com/work/vogue-italia-vogue-italia-may-2020-covers) . ^ (#cite_ref-fashionweekdaily2020-08-14_36-0) Freya Drohan (August 14, 2020). "Investor Group including Karlie Kloss and Kaia Gerber acquire W magazine" (https://fashionweekdaily.com/investor-group-karlie-kloss-and-kaia-gerber-acquire-w/) . Daily Front Row (/wiki/Daily_Front_Row) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201030203322/https://fashionweekdaily.com/investor-group-karlie-kloss-and-kaia-gerber-acquire-w/) from the original on October 30, 2020 . Retrieved October 4, 2020 . Sara Moonves, the glossy's first female editor in chief in its 50-year history, assembled the group, led by model and entrepreneur Karlie Kloss. Other celebrity investors include fashion fixtures Lewis Hamilton and 18-year-old Kaia Gerber. ^ (#cite_ref-Gerber_37-0) Del Rosario, Alexandra (March 23, 2021). "Kaia Gerber To Join 'American Horror Story' Season 10 Cast, Ryan Murphy Reveals" (https://deadline.com/2021/03/kaia-gerber-american-horror-story-season-10-1234720333/) . Deadline Hollywood . Retrieved March 23, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-38) Ray, Alyssa (May 18, 2021). "American Horror Story Season 10 & the Spinoff Will Be Here Before You Know It" (https://www.eonline.com/news/1270938/american-horror-story-season-10-the-spinoff-will-be-here-before-you-know-it) . E! Online . Retrieved May 19, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-39) Fry, Naomi (May 18, 2021). "Girl Interrupted: The Education of Kaia Gerber" (https://www.vogue.com/article/kaia-gerber-cover-june-july-2021) . Vogue . Retrieved May 18, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-40) Singer, Maya (August 5, 2021). "Generation America: The Models Changing an Industry" (https://www.vogue.com/article/september-issue-2021-cover-new-beginnings) . Vogue . Retrieved September 17, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-41) Cordero, Rosy (June 13, 2022). " (https://deadline.com/2022/06/mrs-american-pie-jordan-bridges-kaia-gerber-jason-canela-mindy-cohn-julia-duffy-claudia-ferri-apple-series-1235044427/) Mrs. American Pie : Jordan Bridges, Kaia Gerber & Julia Duffy Among 6 Set To Recur In Apple Series" (https://deadline.com/2022/06/mrs-american-pie-jordan-bridges-kaia-gerber-jason-canela-mindy-cohn-julia-duffy-claudia-ferri-apple-series-1235044427/) . Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) . Retrieved June 13, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-42) "Kaia Gerber - Gallery with 47 magazine covers - Fashion Model \| Models \| The FMD \| Page 1" (https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/kaia_gerber/covers/) . FashionModelDirectory . 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" (https://ew.com/movies/bottoms-preview-rachel-sennott-emma-seligman-reunion/) 'Shiva Baby' duo on reuniting to form queer teen fight club with 'Bottoms' (https://ew.com/movies/bottoms-preview-rachel-sennott-emma-seligman-reunion/) " (https://ew.com/movies/bottoms-preview-rachel-sennott-emma-seligman-reunion/) . EW.com . Retrieved June 11, 2023 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list) ) ^ (#cite_ref-47) "British Vogue March 2024 Cover (British Vogue)" (https://models.com/work/british-vogue-british-vogue-march-2024-cover) . ^ (#cite_ref-48) "Pilates - SNL" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MJZsVpXZmKw) . Youtube . April 6, 2023 . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ a b "Kaia Gerber and Pete Davidson end romance: He was 'too intense' for teen model, report says" (https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/01/15/kaia-gerber-and-pete-davidson-end-romance-he-was-too-intense-for-teen-model-report-says/) . Mercury News . January 15, 2020 . Retrieved November 22, 2021 . Over the holidays, the power couple were photographed visiting Gerber at her New York City apartment. ^ (#cite_ref-50) Merrett, Robyn (December 21, 2021). "Kaia Gerber Spotted Out with Austin Butler After Jacob Elordi Split" (https://people.com/style/kaia-gerber-spotted-out-with-austin-butler-after-jacob-elordi-split/) . people.com . Retrieved August 3, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-51) "Kaia Gerber Snags Breakthrough Model Award at Fashion Week with Lookalike Mom Cindy Crawford by Her Side" (https://people.com/style/kaia-gerber-snags-breakthrough-model-award-at-fashion-week-with-lookalike-mom-cindy-crawford-by-her-side/) . People . 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"watch kaia gerber's music video debut in john eatherly's 'burnout' (https://i-d.vice.com/en_us/article/ywyyew/watch-kaia-gerbers-music-video-debut-in-john-eatherlys-burnout) " (https://i-d.vice.com/en_us/article/ywyyew/watch-kaia-gerbers-music-video-debut-in-john-eatherlys-burnout) . i-D (/wiki/I-D) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200804182242/https://i-d.vice.com/en_us/article/ywyyew/watch-kaia-gerbers-music-video-debut-in-john-eatherlys-burnout) from the original on August 4, 2020 . Retrieved August 4, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-56) Laura Smith-Spark (March 19, 2020). "Gal Gadot enlists celebrity help for coronavirus 'Imagine' video" (https://edition.cnn.com/2020/03/19/celebrities/gal-gadot-celebrities-imagine-coronavirus-scli-intl/index.html) . CNN (/wiki/CNN) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200319214920/https://edition.cnn.com/2020/03/19/celebrities/gal-gadot-celebrities-imagine-coronavirus-scli-intl/index.html) from the original on March 19, 2020 . Retrieved March 20, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-57) Belfiore, Emily (May 22, 2020). "See Kaia Gerber and Gregg Sulkin's Steamy Makeout Session in Cara Delevingne Directed Music Video" (https://eonline.com/news/1155068/see-kaia-gerber-and-gregg-sulkin-s-steamy-makeout-session-in-cara-delevingne-directed-music-video?) . E! News (/wiki/E!_News) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200629235152/https://www.eonline.com/news/1155068/see-kaia-gerber-and-gregg-sulkin-s-steamy-makeout-session-in-cara-delevingne-directed-music-video) from the original on June 29, 2020 . Retrieved May 28, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-58) "Interview: Kaia Gerber is a model student" (https://www.dotwnews.com:443/interviews/interview-kaia-gerber-is-a-model-student) . DOTWNews . Retrieved June 16, 2023 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kaia Gerber (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kaia_Gerber) . Kaia Gerber (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm7333021/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Kaia Gerber (https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/kaia_gerber/) at Fashion Model Directory (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐qdgtm Cached time: 20240720165159 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.812 seconds Real time usage: 0.962 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 5055/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 119605/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 6598/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 220678/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.496/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 11516340/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 851.212 1 -total 43.45% 369.842 1 Template:Reflist 32.72% 278.502 50 Template:Cite_web 28.17% 239.775 1 Template:Infobox_model 7.68% 65.393 1 Template:Short_description 5.38% 45.785 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age 4.89% 41.645 1 Template:Infobox 4.83% 41.102 2 Template:Pagetype 4.74% 40.327 1 Template:Commons_category 4.52% 38.447 1 Template:Sister_project Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:41477002-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720165159 and revision id 1233487686. 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Japanese shoe designer Noritaka Tatehana (at right), 2016 Noritaka Tatehana (born 1985 in Tokyo (/wiki/Tokyo) , Japan) is a Japanese shoe designer born into a family that ran a public bathhouse (/wiki/Public_bathhouse) . He studied fine arts (/wiki/Fine_arts) , Japanese craft (/wiki/Japanese_craft) , dyeing, and weaving at the Tokyo University of the Arts (/wiki/Tokyo_University_of_the_Arts) . Tatehana has created clothing, including kimono (/wiki/Kimono) and shoes, and many of his designs are held in the public collections of museums such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) in New York, and the Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) in London. Tatehana handcrafts (/wiki/Handcraft) each step of the manufacturing process of his shoes, all of which are collection pieces. His futuristic shoes, which re-think the notion of " high heels (/wiki/High_heels) ", are unique in both decoration and style, as they are often heel-less platform shoes (/wiki/Platform_shoe) . His shoes come in a wide variety of colours and patterns, from black to silver, and from fiery red to gold. Tatehana's shoes were included in the V&A (/wiki/V%26A) Shoes: Pleasure and Pain exhibition in 2015-16. [1] (#cite_note-1) In October and November 2019, the Portland Japanese Garden (/wiki/Portland_Japanese_Garden) is showing Tatehana's shoes and other work in his first US exhibition. [2] (#cite_note-Architectural_Digest-2) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Shoes: Pleasure and Pain Victoria and Albert Museum" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/suzy-menkes/2015/08/shoes-pleasure-and-pain) . Vogue.co.uk . 18 August 2015 . Retrieved 17 January 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Architectural_Digest_2-0) Sporn, Stephanie (4 October 2019). "The Renowned Craftsman Behind Lady Gaga's Famous Shoes Opens a Garden-Set Exhibition" (https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/the-renowned-craftsman-behind-lady-gagas-famous-shoes-opens-a-garden-set-exhibition) . Architectural Digest . Retrieved 7 October 2019 . Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/6768148814313445330001) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJpJ9mBpccfDrQm4fKWdQq) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2017022820) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐6cc9f7fdd7‐r2vvt Cached time: 20240715171231 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.384 seconds Real time usage: 0.736 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 424/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 9437/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 606/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 12885/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.273/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4202651/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 560.822 1 -total 38.46% 215.689 1 Template:Authority_control 30.46% 170.804 1 Template:Reflist 26.64% 149.402 1 Template:Short_description 25.23% 141.504 1 Template:Cite_web 15.26% 85.597 4 Template:Main_other 14.73% 82.605 1 Template:SDcat 8.68% 48.662 2 Template:Pagetype 3.75% 21.027 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates 2.58% 14.445 1 Template:DMCA Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:49124336-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715171231 and revision id 1197819668. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Noritaka_Tatehana&oldid=1197819668 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Noritaka_Tatehana&oldid=1197819668) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Shoe designers (/wiki/Category:Shoe_designers) Japanese fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Japanese_fashion_designers) 1985 births (/wiki/Category:1985_births) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from April 2017 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2017) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_WorldCat_Entities_identifiers) Articles with LCCN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers)
French fashion designer (1929–2021) Philippe Venet (23 May 1929 – 22 February 2021) was a French fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_design) . [1] (#cite_note-wwd-1) [2] (#cite_note-yahoo-2) Early life and career [ edit ] Venet was born in Lyon (/wiki/Lyon) , France (/wiki/France) . After training at the École Professionnelle des Tailors de Lyon he apprenticed at age 14 with "a local dressmaker, Pierre Court, who was authorized to reproduce Balenciaga (/wiki/Balenciaga) designs." [3] (#cite_note-vogue-3) In 1951, Venet moved to Paris and worked as a cutter at Schiaparelli (/wiki/Maison_Schiaparelli) . While there, he met Hubert de Givenchy (/wiki/Hubert_de_Givenchy) , following him when established his own label (/wiki/Givenchy) two years later. Venet served as head cutter at Givenchy until 1962 when he also went solo. [4] (#cite_note-4) At his own brand, he "dressed the social set and 'all the Kennedy (/wiki/Kennedy_family) ladies,' as one reporter put it, infused conservative clothes with a youthful spirit." [3] (#cite_note-vogue-3) According to Olivier Gabet, director of the Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris (/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Arts_D%C3%A9coratifs,_Paris) , Venet" clients included arts patron Hélène David-Weill (/wiki/Michel_David-Weill) , actress Jacqueline Delubac (/wiki/Jacqueline_Delubac) and American society figures Mica Ertegun (/wiki/Ahmet_Ertegun) , Jayne Wrightsman (/wiki/Jayne_Wrightsman) and Marina Kellen French. [1] (#cite_note-wwd-1) Personal life [ edit ] He was husband of Hubert de Givenchy (/wiki/Hubert_de_Givenchy) . [5] (#cite_note-harpersbazaarES-5) According to James Taffin de Givenchy (/wiki/James_de_Givenchy) , Givenchy's nephew, "As Monsieur Hubert de Givenchy’s lifelong companion, he helped to build the house into an international force in fashion, and his many contributions remain an essential part of our DNA." [1] (#cite_note-wwd-1) Venet died at the American Hospital of Paris (/wiki/American_Hospital_of_Paris) on 22 February 2021 at age 91. [1] (#cite_note-wwd-1) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d Socha, Miles (February 24, 2021). "Couturier Philippe Venet Dies in Paris at 91" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/designer-luxury/couture-philippe-venet-dies-in-paris-at-tk-1234747247/) . ^ (#cite_ref-yahoo_2-0) "Couturier Philippe Venet Dies in Paris at 91" (https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/couturier-philippe-venet-dies-paris-201742426.html) . www.yahoo.com . ^ a b "French Couturier Philippe Venet Has Died at 91" (https://www.vogue.com/article/obituary-french-designer-philippe-venet) . Vogue . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Times, Patricia Peterson Special To the New York (22 January 1962). "Paris, Full of Questions, Awaits Openings Today" (https://www.nytimes.com/1962/01/22/archives/paris-full-of-questions-awaits-openings-today.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . Retrieved 4 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-harpersbazaarES_5-0) Ullate, Por Sara (February 25, 2021). "Fallece Philippe Venet, icónico diseñador francés, a los 91 años" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/es/moda/noticias-moda/a35630565/philippe-venet-muerte-givenchy-disenador-moda/) . Harper's BAZAAR . External links [ edit ] Philippe Venet (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0893047/) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/142253045) Other IdRef (https://www.idref.fr/148711030) This French biographical article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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(Redirected from Sleepy Jones (/w/index.php?title=Sleepy_Jones&redirect=no) ) Branding studio in New York City This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Partners_%26_Spade) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Partners_%26_Spade) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article is in list (/wiki/MOS:LIST) format but may read better as prose (/wiki/MOS:PROSE) . You can help by converting this article (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Partners_%26_Spade&action=edit) , if appropriate. Editing help (/wiki/Help:Editing) is available. ( January 2018 ) This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Partners_%26_Spade) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Partners & Spade" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Partners+%26+Spade%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Partners+%26+Spade%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Partners+%26+Spade%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Partners+%26+Spade%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Partners+%26+Spade%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Partners+%26+Spade%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( January 2018 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Some of this article's listed sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) may not be reliable (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) . Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed. ( January 2018 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Partners & Spade Company type Private (/wiki/Private_company) Founded 2008 Founder Andy Spade (/wiki/Andy_Spade) Anthony Sperduti (/wiki/Anthony_Sperduti) Headquarters New York, New York (/wiki/New_York,_New_York) , US Website partnersandspade (http://partnersandspade.com) .com (http://partnersandspade.com) Partners & Spade , established in 2008 by Andy Spade (/wiki/Andy_Spade) and Anthony Sperduti (/wiki/Anthony_Sperduti) , is a branding studio in New York City, US. [1] (#cite_note-1) Partners & Spade works across a range of disciplines including advertising, retail concepts, branding, experiential marketing and design. [2] (#cite_note-2) Notable work [ edit ] Brand development [ edit ] In 2013, launched Sleepy Jones (/wiki/Sleepy_Jones) , a line of loungewear inspired by the lifestyles of artists like David Hockney (/wiki/David_Hockney) , Pablo Picasso (/wiki/Pablo_Picasso) , and Jean Seberg (/wiki/Jean_Seberg) . [3] (#cite_note-3) Helped launch Harry's (/wiki/Harry%27s) , an online-only line of men's grooming products. [4] (#cite_note-4) Marketing [ edit ] Conceptualized and designed J.Crew (/wiki/J.Crew) 's first menswear shop, known as the Liquor Store, at West Broadway and White Street in Tribeca. [5] (#cite_note-5) Developed and produced Whole Foods (/wiki/Whole_Foods) ' first national advertising campaign. [6] (#cite_note-6) Store design [ edit ] Warby Parker (/wiki/Warby_Parker) Class Trip traveling school bus. [7] (#cite_note-7) Warby Parker's first flagship store, located in SoHo. [8] (#cite_note-8) Warby Parker retail stores in Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Dallas, Los Angeles, Miami, Nashville, San Francisco, Seattle and Washington DC [9] (#cite_note-9) Sonos (/wiki/Sonos) 's first flagship store, located in SoHo. [10] (#cite_note-10) Boerum House & Home store, located in Brooklyn. [11] (#cite_note-11) Films [ edit ] Produced The Black Balloon (/w/index.php?title=The_Black_Balloon_(short_film)&action=edit&redlink=1) , which won the U.S. Short Fiction prize at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival (/wiki/Sundance_Film_Festival) . [12] (#cite_note-12) Conceived the story for The Pleasure of Being Robbed (/wiki/The_Pleasure_of_Being_Robbed) with Red Bucket Films, which was chosen for the Director's Fortnight at the Cannes Film Festival (/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival) in 2008 and purchased by IFC Films (/wiki/IFC_Films) . [13] (#cite_note-13) Paperboys (/wiki/Paperboys_(film)) , a documentary by Mike Mills (/wiki/Mike_Mills) . [14] (#cite_note-14) Dimmer , a documentary by Talmage Cooley (/wiki/Talmage_Cooley) that was short-listed for the Academy Awards (/wiki/Academy_Awards) and included in the Museum of Modern Art's Sundance film collection. [15] (#cite_note-15) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Partners & Spade" (http://partnersandspade.com/) . Retrieved July 5, 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Foster, Tom (April 2014). "How to Create a Cool Brand" (http://www.inc.com/magazine/20104/tom-foster/kate-spade-partners-and-spade-brand-creativity.html) . Inc . Retrieved July 12, 2021 . - O'Brien, Glenn (April 27, 2009). "Partners & Spade" (http://www.interviewmagazine.com/culture/partners-spade/#_) . Interview . Retrieved July 12, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Beddie, Alainna Lexie (April 18, 2013). "Sleepy Jones" (http://tmagazine.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/04/18/sleepy-jones-ready-for-copy/) . T . Retrieved July 12, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Tschorn, Adam (March 22, 2013). "Meet Harry's, a new online-only go-to for guys' grooming gear" (http://articles.latimes.com/2013/mar/22/news/la-ar-meet-harrys-the-newest-online-outpost-for-guys-grooming-gear-20130322) . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved April 22, 2013 . - Tschorn, Adam (March 23, 2013). "Andy Spade is old-school cool" (http://www.latimes.com/fashion/alltherage/la-ig-0324-andy-spade-20130323-story.html) . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved July 12, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Albo, Mike (September 18, 2008). "A Package Store for Preppies" (https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/18/fashion/18CRITIC.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved August 23, 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) MacVey, Matt (November 18, 2014). "Whole Foods Rolls Out First National Advertising Campaign" (http://adage.com/article/cmo-strategy/foods-rolls-national-advertising-campaign/295901/) . Advertising Age . Retrieved July 12, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Kraemer, Zachary. "Warby Parker Converts An Old School Bus Into A Traveling Pop Up Shop" (http://www.psfk.com/2012/11/warby-parker-school-bus-pop-up.html) . PSFK . Retrieved November 29, 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Miranda, Eugenia (April 11, 2012). "Glasses Menagerie: Warby Parker Celebrates Its First Flagship Store" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130501142307/http://www.vogue.com/parties/warby-parker-celebrates-its-first-flagship-store/) . Vogue . Archived from the original (http://www.vogue.com/parties/warby-parker-celebrates-its-first-flagship-store/) on May 1, 2013 . Retrieved April 22, 2013 . - Schneier, Matthew (April 11, 2012). "Warby Parker: To See And Be Seen In Soho" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130414165643/http://www.style.com/stylefile/2013/04/warby-parker-to-see-and-be-seen-in-soho/) . Style . Archived from the original (http://www.style.com/stylefile/2013/04/warby-parker-to-see-and-be-seen-in-soho/) on April 14, 2013 . Retrieved April 22, 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Cunningham, Caroline (October 30, 2015). "Warby Parker at The Shay Offers Eye Exams and a Photo Booth" (https://www.washingtonian.com/2015/10/30/warby-parker-at-the-shay-offers-eye-exams-and-a-photo-booth/) . Washingtonian . Retrieved July 12, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Sawers, Paul (July 12, 2016). "Sonos gives a glimpse into its new flagship NYC retail store, featuring 7 custom-built listening rooms" (https://venturebeat.com/2016/07/12/sonos-gives-a-glimpse-into-its-new-flagship-nyc-retail-store-featuring-7-custom-built-listening-rooms/) . VentureBeat . Retrieved July 12, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Shin, Nara (July 30, 2014). "Five Favorites From Boerum House & Home" (http://www.coolhunting.com/design/boerum-house-home) . Cool Hunting . Retrieved July 12, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Red Bucket Films' Josh and Benny Safdie Premiere The Black Balloon Tomorrow at BAM Cinemafest" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180104013935/http://www.papermag.com/red-bucket-films-josh-and-benny-safdie-premiere-the-black-balloon-tomo-1426136486.html) . Paper . June 22, 2012. Archived from the original (http://www.papermag.com/red-bucket-films-josh-and-benny-safdie-premiere-the-black-balloon-tomo-1426136486.html) on January 4, 2018 . Retrieved January 3, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Kohn, Eric (October 2, 2008). "iW PROFILE - "The Pleasure of Being Robbed" Director Josh Safdie" (http://www.indiewire.com/2008/10/iw-profile-the-pleasure-of-being-robbed-director-josh-safdie-71649/) . Retrieved January 3, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Paperboys" (https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0372459/) . IMDb . December 1, 2001 . Retrieved July 12, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Dimmer" (https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0437968/) . IMDb . January 25, 2005 . Retrieved July 12, 2021 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://partnersandspade.com/) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/131764926) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2010052139) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐57bf8779db‐vkfr2 Cached time: 20240717195004 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.459 seconds Real time usage: 0.626 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2297/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 82446/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 12237/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 16/100 Expensive parser function count: 8/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 79173/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.314/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7364821/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 584.211 1 -total 29.56% 172.721 1 Template:Reflist 25.13% 146.802 4 Template:Ambox 21.01% 122.744 12 Template:Cite_web 18.36% 107.278 1 Template:Infobox_company 16.60% 96.993 1 Template:Infobox 16.45% 96.109 1 Template:Short_description 15.45% 90.245 1 Template:Multiple_issues 13.69% 79.985 1 Template:Authority_control 8.25% 48.205 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:27979865-0!canonical and timestamp 20240717195004 and revision id 1229615204. 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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fashion photography (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fashion_photography) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐8wblt Cached time: 20240721085911 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.060 seconds Real time usage: 0.085 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 126/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2561/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 356/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1202/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.032/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 946172/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 78.212 1 Template:Commons_category 100.00% 78.212 1 -total 97.07% 75.919 1 Template:Sister_project 94.66% 74.033 1 Template:Side_box 10.00% 7.822 1 Template:Replace Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:10153402-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721085911 and revision id 726702516. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total. F Fashion photographers (/wiki/Category:Fashion_photographers) ‎ (7 C, 79 P) Films about fashion photographers (/wiki/Category:Films_about_fashion_photographers) ‎ (1 C, 10 P) Pages in category "Fashion photography" The following 8 pages are in this category, out of 8 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . Fashion photography (/wiki/Fashion_photography) C Comp card (/wiki/Comp_card) D The Dapifer (/wiki/The_Dapifer) Gleb Derujinsky (/wiki/Gleb_Derujinsky) H Sharon Haver (/wiki/Sharon_Haver) L Lookbook (/wiki/Lookbook) N New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) The New York Times Magazine (/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Magazine) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_photography&oldid=726702516 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_photography&oldid=726702516) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Fashion journalism (/wiki/Category:Fashion_journalism) Photography by topic (/wiki/Category:Photography_by_topic) Hidden category: Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata)
American internet personality (born 1996) Nikita Nguyen Nguyen in 2019 Personal information Born ( 1996-01-31 ) January 31, 1996 (age 28) Belgium (/wiki/Belgium) Nationality American YouTube information Years active 2014–present Genre(s) Beauty (/wiki/Beauty_YouTuber) , vlog (/wiki/Vlog) , makeup (/wiki/Makeup) Subscribers 3.43 million Total views 187 million Creator Awards (/wiki/YouTube_Creator_Awards) 100,000 subscribers 2016 [1] (#cite_note-socialblade-1) 1,000,000 subscribers 2018 [1] (#cite_note-socialblade-1) Last updated: March 28, 2024 Nikita Nguyen (born January 31, 1996), known professionally as Nikita Dragun , is an American internet personality, YouTuber (/wiki/YouTuber) , make-up artist (/wiki/Make-up_artist) , and model. [2] (#cite_note-elle-2) Early life and education Nguyen was born on January 31, 1996 [3] (#cite_note-birthday-3) [4] (#cite_note-vasquez-4) in Belgium (/wiki/Belgium) [5] (#cite_note-5) and raised in Springfield, Virginia (/wiki/Springfield,_Virginia) , United States. [6] (#cite_note-sharma-6) She is of Vietnamese (/wiki/Vietnamese_people) and Mexican (/wiki/Mexicans) descent. She began to transition to a woman (/wiki/Trans_woman) while in college, [7] (#cite_note-7) choosing the name Nikita based on the television series (/wiki/Nikita_(TV_series)) of the same name. [4] (#cite_note-vasquez-4) Career Nguyen joined YouTube in February 2013. She stated, "I started to get little brand deals around that time … That was also when I decided to start taking Instagram and YouTube seriously." She later relocated to Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) , where, in 2015, she came out as transgender. [2] (#cite_note-elle-2) As of May 2023, she has 3.5 million subscribers on YouTube, 9 million followers on Instagram, and 14.5 million followers on TikTok. [8] (#cite_note-buzzfeed-8) In response to comments by L Brands (/wiki/L_Brands) chief marketing officer Ed Razek (/wiki/Edward_Razek) that trans women should not be included in the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show because "the show is a fantasy", Nguyen tweeted a video of herself modeling lingerie. In the tweet, Nguyen argues that trans women were indeed able to convey fantasy. [9] (#cite_note-9) In March 2019, she announced a make-up line, Dragun Beauty. [10] (#cite_note-10) Aside from the mainstream market, the cosmetic line is also targeted towards the transgender community (/wiki/Transgender_community) . All products are vegan and cruelty-free, this is cited as a reason why Nikita decided to launch her brand independently. [6] (#cite_note-sharma-6) In June 2019, Nguyen was interviewed about her make-up brand on the LGBT radio network Channel Q (/wiki/Channel_Q) , where she credited her journey as a trans woman building her brand as the inspiration behind Dragun Beauty and its products. [11] (#cite_note-11) In September 2019, it was announced Nikita would be starring in her own docuseries on Snapchat (/wiki/Snapchat) , "Nikita Unfiltered". The series follows Nguyen as she searches for love, "a different path" in her career, and navigates fame as a trans woman. The series premiered on March 21, 2020. [12] (#cite_note-Insider-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) Controversies A 2017 photo shoot in which Nguyen appeared in heavy bronzer (/wiki/Bronzer) led some on Twitter (/wiki/Twitter) to accuse her of blackface (/wiki/Blackface) or blackfishing (/wiki/Blackfishing) . [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) On July 21, 2020, Nguyen held a surprise birthday party for YouTuber Larri Merritt (/wiki/Larri_Merritt) during the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) at the Hype House (/wiki/The_Hype_House) mansion. [16] (#cite_note-:0-16) The party included internet celebrities (/wiki/Internet_celebrity) such as James Charles (/wiki/James_Charles_(Internet_personality)) , Charli D'Amelio (/wiki/Charli_D%27Amelio) , Dixie D'Amelio (/wiki/Dixie_D%27Amelio) , and others. [17] (#cite_note-:1-17) At the time of the party, California's COVID-19 cases (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States) had just surpassed New York's cases (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States) . [18] (#cite_note-18) An estimated 67 people were in attendance, [19] (#cite_note-:2-19) many of whom were seen without face masks (/wiki/Face_masks_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States#Attitudes) [17] (#cite_note-:1-17) despite local health recommendations. [20] (#cite_note-20) Photos and videos of the event appeared on social media sites such as Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) . These posts drew criticism from the public, including other influencers like Elijah Daniel (/wiki/Elijah_Daniel) and Tyler Oakley (/wiki/Tyler_Oakley) . [16] (#cite_note-:0-16) [21] (#cite_note-21) Merritt and some of the other attendees later apologized. [19] (#cite_note-:2-19) Residents of the Hype House later tested negative for COVID-19 (/wiki/Coronavirus_disease_2019) . [22] (#cite_note-22) Arrest Nguyen was arrested on November 7, 2022, after police claimed they found her roaming around a swimming pool at The Goodtime Hotel in Miami Beach, Florida (/wiki/Miami_Beach,_Florida) , wearing only underwear and spraying police and security personnel with water. According to the police report, officers were called in response to a report of a person acting in a "highly disorderly fashion" and causing a disturbance. [23] (#cite_note-23) She was charged for misdemeanor disorderly conduct, misdemeanor battery, and felony battery on a police officer. Nguyen was taken into custody at the Turner Guilford Knight Correctional Center in Miami-Dade County (/wiki/Miami-Dade_County,_Florida) with a $2,000 bond. [24] (#cite_note-24) She claimed she was placed into a men's prison despite her gender identity. [25] (#cite_note-25) [26] (#cite_note-26) Officials from the Miami-Dade Corrections and Rehabilitation Department (/wiki/Miami-Dade_Corrections_and_Rehabilitation_Department) disputed Nguyen's account, saying during Nguyen's booking process she was first held in an open seating area, then in a one-person holding cell. [27] (#cite_note-27) Filmography Web series Year Title Role Notes Ref. 2018–2019 Escape the Night (/wiki/Escape_the_Night) The Troublemaker Main cast; 14 episodes [28] (#cite_note-IMDb-28) 2020 Nikita Unfiltered Herself 10 episodes [12] (#cite_note-Insider-12) Instant Influencer with James Charles (/wiki/James_Charles_(Internet_personality)) Herself Episode: "I Have to Apologize for This..." TV series Year Title Role Notes Ref. 2019 The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills (/wiki/The_Real_Housewives_of_Beverly_Hills) Herself Episode: "The Show Must Go On" [28] (#cite_note-IMDb-28) 2022 Hype House (/wiki/Hype_House_(TV_series)) Herself Main role [29] (#cite_note-29) Music videos Year Title Performer(s) Ref. 2018 " Heart to Break (/wiki/Heart_to_Break) " Kim Petras (/wiki/Kim_Petras) [30] (#cite_note-30) "That Bih" Qveen Herby (/wiki/Qveen_Herby) [31] (#cite_note-31) 2019 " Best Friend's Ass (/wiki/Best_Friend%27s_Ass) " Dimitri Vegas & Like Mike (/wiki/Dimitri_Vegas_%26_Like_Mike) , Paris Hilton (/wiki/Paris_Hilton) [32] (#cite_note-32) " Fuck It Up (/wiki/Fuck_It_Up) " Iggy Azalea (/wiki/Iggy_Azalea) , Kash Doll (/wiki/Kash_Doll) [33] (#cite_note-33) 2020 " Malibu (/wiki/Malibu_(Kim_Petras_song)) " (At Home Edition) Kim Petras (/wiki/Kim_Petras) " Baby, I'm Jealous (/wiki/Baby,_I%27m_Jealous) " Bebe Rexha (/wiki/Bebe_Rexha) , Doja Cat (/wiki/Doja_Cat) 2022 "Booty" Saucy Santana (/wiki/Saucy_Santana) , Latto (/wiki/Latto) Awards and nominations Year Award Category Work Result Ref. 2019 Streamy Awards (/wiki/Streamy_Awards) Beauty Herself Won [34] (#cite_note-34) E! People's Choice Awards (/wiki/People%27s_Choice_Awards) The Beauty Influencer of 2019 Nominated [35] (#cite_note-35) American Influencer Awards Makeup Influencer Of The Year Nominated [36] (#cite_note-36) Modelland Smize Award Won 2020 Shorty Awards (/wiki/12th_Shorty_Awards) Best in Beauty Won [37] (#cite_note-37) E! People's Choice Awards (/wiki/People%27s_Choice_Awards) The Beauty Influencer of 2020 Nominated [38] (#cite_note-38) Streamy Awards (/wiki/Streamy_Awards) Show of the Year Nikita Unfiltered Nominated [39] (#cite_note-39) Documentary Nominated Creator Product Dragun Beauty Nominated 2021 Show of the Year Nikita Unfiltered Nominated [40] (#cite_note-40) Unscripted Series Nominated 2022 Fashion & Style Herself Nominated [41] (#cite_note-41) References ^ a b "Nikita Dragun's YouTube Stats (Summary Profile) – Social Blade Stats" (https://web.archive.org/web/20181021165147/https://socialblade.com/youtube/channel/UCNBvzAJI3N92Sgl0guRxSxQ/monthly) . Archived from the original (https://socialblade.com/youtube/channel/UCNBvzAJI3N92Sgl0guRxSxQ/monthly) on October 21, 2018. ^ a b "YouTube Star Nikita Dragun on Authenticity, Inclusivity, and Why the Trolls Don't Scare Her" (https://www.elle.com/culture/celebrities/a12486698/nikita-dragun-came-out-as-trans-and-gained-over-one-million-followers-in-the-process-her-story-isnt-over-yet/) . Elle . September 30, 2017 . Retrieved March 11, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-birthday_3-0) Dodgson, Lindsay (February 3, 2021). "Nikita Dragun is facing backlash for throwing a birthday party where maskless influencers kissed each other" (https://www.insider.com/nikita-dragun-party-mask-tana-patrick-maskless-birthday-party-2021-2) . Insider . Retrieved July 12, 2021 . Influencer Nikita Nguyen, better known as Nikita Dragun, has hosted yet another pandemic party — this time for his 25th birthday ... on January 31, which documented the party. ^ a b Vasquez, Lane (January 19, 2021). "The Truth About Nikita Dragun's Name" (https://www.thethings.com/nikita-dragun-name-explained/) . Retrieved November 9, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) 2015 Q&A with Nyc Dragun!!! . January 19, 2015 . Retrieved September 6, 2023 – via YouTube. ^ a b Sharma, Jeena (April 8, 2019). "Nikita Dragun Wants You to Live Your Fantasy" (http://www.papermag.com/nikita-dragun-beauty-interview-2632977679.html) . PAPER . Retrieved May 23, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Lamare, Amy (May 17, 2019). "Who Is Nikita Dragun? New Details On The YouTube Makeup Artist Who Defended James Charles In The Tati Westbrook scandal" (https://www.yourtango.com/2019324515/who-nikita-dragun-new-details-youtube-makeup-artist-who-defended-james-charles-in-tati-westbrook-feud) . YourTango . Retrieved May 23, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-buzzfeed_8-0) "Here's What's Going On With All The Drama Between Popular Beauty YouTubers Accusing One Another Of Being Racist" (https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/tanyachen/youtube-muas-accusing-each-other-of-being-racist-drama) . BuzzFeed . August 24, 2018 . Retrieved April 15, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "In a company first, Victoria's Secret hires openly transgender model" (https://web.archive.org/web/20200212064617/https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/company-first-victoria-s-secret-hires-openly-transgender-model-n1039271) . NBC News (/wiki/NBC_News) . February 12, 2020. Archived from the original (https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/company-first-victoria-s-secret-hires-openly-transgender-model-n1039271) on February 12, 2020 . Retrieved March 28, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Tietjen, Alexa (March 11, 2019). "Exclusive: Nikita Dragun Debuts Cosmetics Brand Dragun Beauty" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/beauty-features/nikita-dragun-beauty-brand-1203081070/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved March 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Nikita Dragon Exclusive Interview" (https://wearechannelq.radio.com/blogs/nikita-dragun-exclusive-interview) . We Are Channel Q . June 20, 2019 . Retrieved September 27, 2019 . ^ a b "Nikita Dragun's new docuseries is arriving on Snapchat, and she's hoping it provides 'a little bit of fantasy and escape' from the coronavirus" (https://www.insider.com/nikita-dragun-unfiltered-snapchat-originals-come-out-coronavirus-quarantine-la-2020-3) . Insider.com . March 19, 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Boren, Jade (March 21, 2020). "Nikita Dragun Is Ready To Show Fans 'Everything' In New Snapchat Docuseries: 'It's Completely Unfiltered' (https://hollywoodlife.com/2020/03/21/nikita-dragun-unfiltered-snapchat-docuseries-interview/) " (https://hollywoodlife.com/2020/03/21/nikita-dragun-unfiltered-snapchat-docuseries-interview/) . ^ (#cite_ref-14) II, Moises Mendez (June 3, 2021). "A complete timeline of every controversy Nikita Dragun has been in since her rise to YouTube fame in 2014" (https://www.insider.com/nikita-dragun-hype-house-race-controversies-blackfishing-youtube-2021-5) . Insider . Retrieved October 15, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Stiegman, Kelsey (March 3, 2017). "UPDATED: People Are PISSED About Jeffree Star's Latest Ad Campaign" (https://www.seventeen.com/beauty/news/a45491/jeffree-star-blackface-controvercy/) . Seventeen . Retrieved September 22, 2023 . ^ a b Williams, Janice (July 28, 2020). "Influencers Face Backlash After Attending Party for TikTok Star Larray As Coronavirus Surges. Newsweek" (https://www.newsweek.com/coronavirus-social-media-influencers-party-1521043) . Newsweek (/wiki/Newsweek) . Retrieved August 26, 2020 . ^ a b Lustig, Hanna. "Dozens of top influencers gathered for a massive Hype House birthday party despite record COVID-19 numbers in California" (https://www.insider.com/party-hype-house-larray-birthday-la-james-charles-tana-influencer-2020-7) . Insider . Retrieved August 26, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) McGreevy, Patrick (July 22, 2020). "California to obtain more masks, gear as it becomes state with most COVID-19 cases" (https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-07-22/coronavirus-cases-rise-newsom-ppe-masks-gear) . Los Angeles Times (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times) . Retrieved November 30, 2020 . ^ a b Tenbarge, Kat (July 27, 2020). "Party-goers were subjected to strong online backlash, but that hasn't stopped them from continuing to go out" (https://www.insider.com/la-influencers-coronavirus-party-jake-paul-youtube-tiktok-nikita-tana-2020-7) . Insider . Retrieved August 26, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Lloyd, Jonathan (June 19, 2020). "If You Have Questions About California's Face Mask Rules, This List Has Them Covered" (https://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/coronavirus/california-face-masks-requirement-rules-exemptions-coronavirus-covid-19-reopening-pandemic/2382783/) . NBC Los Angeles . Retrieved November 30, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Henry, Ben (July 23, 2020). "Tyler Oakley Called Out James Charles, Charli D'Amelio And More For Attending An "Insane Surprise Party" During Lockdown" (https://www.buzzfeed.com/benhenry/tyler-oakley-james-charles-charli-damelio-larray-birthday) . BuzzFeed News (/wiki/BuzzFeed_News) . Retrieved August 26, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Roantree, Megab (August 4, 2020). "Nikita Dragun Got The Hype House Tested For Coronavirus" (https://www.kiss.ie/nikita-dragun-got-the-hype-house-tested-for-coronavirus/) . Kiss . Retrieved August 26, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "YouTube Influencer Nikita Dragun Charged with Felony Battery of an Officer at Miami Hotel" (https://www.nbcmiami.com/news/local/popular-youtube-influencer-arrested-for-battery-on-officer-at-miami-beach-hotel/2903384/) . NBC Miami. November 8, 2022 . Retrieved November 9, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Nikita Dragun Arrested at Miami Hotel ... Allegedly Naked at Pool" (https://www.tmz.com/2022/11/08/nikita-dragun-arrested-naked-hotel-pool-miami-felony-battery/) . TMZ (/wiki/TMZ) . November 9, 2022 . Retrieved November 9, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Rude, Mey (November 9, 2022). "Trans Influencer Nikita Dragun Reportedly Being Held in a Men's Prison" (https://www.out.com/news/2022/11/09/trans-influencer-nikita-dragun-reportedly-being-held-mens-prison) . Out (/wiki/Out_(magazine)) . ^ (#cite_ref-26) Heady, Taylor Alexis (November 9, 2022). "Trans Influencer Nikita Dragun Reportedly Held in Men's Jail Unit Following Arrest" (https://popcrush.com/nikita-dragun-held-mens-jail-unit-arrest-report/) . Popcrush . Retrieved November 9, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) Gothner, Chris (November 10, 2022). "Officials dispute account, say transgender influencer Nikita Dragun was never in men's jail" (https://www.local10.com/news/local/2022/11/10/officials-dispute-account-say-transgender-influencer-nikita-dragun-was-never-in-mens-jail/) . WPLG . Retrieved November 10, 2022 . ^ a b "Nikita Dragun" (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm9873316/) . IMDb . ^ (#cite_ref-29) Ylanan, Aida (April 23, 2021). "TikTok's Hype House is coming to Netflix — but don't expect to see its biggest stars" (https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/tv/story/2021-04-23/tiktok-hype-house-is-coming-to-netflix) . Los Angeles Times (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times) . Retrieved November 9, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) "Heart to Break - Kim Petras (Official Music Video)" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5CPeHQHAQyo) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . April 26, 2018 . Retrieved November 9, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "Qveen Herby - THAT BIH (360º Video)" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y-3unYek7XA&feature=emb_title) . YouTube . March 2018 . Retrieved November 9, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) "Dimitri Vegas & Like Mike vs. Paris Hilton - Best Friend's Ass (Official Music Video)" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yuzQaR4Rmr8) . YouTube . May 24, 2019 . Retrieved November 9, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "Iggy Azalea - F*ck It Up (Official Music Video) ft. Kash Doll" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3kkZWKSvG2s) . YouTube . July 19, 2019 . Retrieved November 9, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "Streamys Awards Winners 2019" (https://web.archive.org/web/20210116045332/https://www.streamys.org/2019/12/winners-announced-for-the-9th-annual-streamy-awards/) . Archived from the original (https://www.streamys.org/2019/12/winners-announced-for-the-9th-annual-streamy-awards/) on January 16, 2021 . Retrieved March 27, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) "People's Choice Awards 2019" (https://pca.eonline.com/pop-culture/the-beauty-influencer-of-2019) . ^ (#cite_ref-36) "2022 Awards" (https://www.aiaawards.com/2022-awards/) . American Influencer Awards . Retrieved August 8, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-37) "Shorty Awards 2020" (https://www.out.com/celebs/2020/5/05/lgbtq-stars-swept-shorty-awards-2020) . ^ (#cite_ref-38) "People's Choice Awards 2020 Winners: The Complete List" (https://www.eonline.com/news/1204775/peoples-choice-awards-2020-winners-the-complete-list) . E! Online . November 16, 2020 . Retrieved August 8, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-39) "10th Annual Streamy Nominees & Winners" (https://www.streamys.org/nominees-winners/10th-annual-nominees/) . The Streamy Awards . Retrieved August 8, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-40) "11th Annual Streamy Nominees" (https://www.streamys.org/nominees-winners/11th-annual-nominees/) . The Streamy Awards . Retrieved August 13, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-41) "12th Annual Streamy Nominees" (https://www.streamys.org/nominees-winners/12th-annual-nominees/) . The Streamy Awards . Retrieved August 13, 2023 . 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Lafayette 148 Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) clothing Founded 1996 Founder Deirdre Quinn, Shun Yen Siu and Ida Siu Headquarters Brooklyn Navy Yard (/wiki/Brooklyn_Navy_Yard) Website www (https://www.lafayette148ny.com/) .lafayette148ny (https://www.lafayette148ny.com/) .com (https://www.lafayette148ny.com/) Lafayette 148 is an American fashion house located in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Originally launched in 1996 by Deirdre Quinn (/wiki/Deirdre_Quinn_(entrepreneur)) , Shun Yen Siu and Ida Siu, the brand produces women's clothing, footwear and accessories. It is a privately owned company. History [ edit ] Lafayette 148 was co-founded by Deirdre Quinn, Shun Yen Siu, and Ida Siu. [2] (#cite_note-ny_1-2) [3] (#cite_note-fort_-_1-3) Quinn worked at Donna Karan (/wiki/Donna_Karan) while the Siu duo were clothing manufacturers (/wiki/Manufacturers) in New York City. [4] (#cite_note-oc_magazine_1-4) The company is named after its founding address in Manhattan (/wiki/Manhattan) ’s SoHo neighborhood (/wiki/SoHo,_Manhattan) at 148 Lafayette Street. [2] (#cite_note-ny_1-2) In 2003, Lafayette 148 opened a design studio and production facility in Shantou (/wiki/Shantou) , China. [2] (#cite_note-ny_1-2) [3] (#cite_note-fort_-_1-3) [5] (#cite_note-inc1-5) In August 2018, it moved its corporate headquarters to the Brooklyn Navy Yard (/wiki/Brooklyn_Navy_Yard) , [3] (#cite_note-fort_-_1-3) [6] (#cite_note-wwd1-6) while operating the concept store at its founding address. Deirdre Quinn is the CEO of the brand. [7] (#cite_note-cnyb-7) As of July 2019, the company reported $200 million in revenue [8] (#cite_note-8) with the collection available in 400 stores in North America (/wiki/North_America) and China and 24 full-line stores worldwide.. [9] (#cite_note-aage1-9) [10] (#cite_note-dj1-10) > [11] (#cite_note-11) In September 2019, the company launched a boutique at Madison Avenue (/wiki/Madison_Avenue) in New York City. [12] (#cite_note-12) In April 2020, Lafayette 148 collaborated with the Brooklyn Navy Yard, the NY Economic Development Council (NYEDC) and defense supplier Crye Precision to manufacture surgical gowns for New York's front line medical workers during the coronavirus pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) . [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) In June 2020, Lafayette 148 launched AtelierDirect, a new division of the business providing private selling and styling services to its users in 25 markets in the US. [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) In September 2020, the company introduced their footwear collection including all styles of shoes which are made in Spain with materials sourced from Italy. [17] (#cite_note-17) In late 2020, it opened new boutiques in Miami’s Bal Harbour Shops (/wiki/Bal_Harbour_Shops) and New Jersey’s The Mall at Short Hills (/wiki/The_Mall_at_Short_Hills) . [18] (#cite_note-18) Design [ edit ] Creative Director Emily Smith is the head of design at Lafayette 148. [19] (#cite_note-19) The company is known for fine craftsmanship and clean-lined professional wear and sportswear with a modern, New York sensibility and made from high-quality European fabrics (/wiki/Fabrics) . [10] (#cite_note-dj1-10) [20] (#cite_note-20) [2] (#cite_note-ny_1-2) [6] (#cite_note-wwd1-6) Professional suiting, elevated essentials, leather and cashmere (/wiki/Cashmere_wool) are all mainstays of the Lafayette 148 collection. [21] (#cite_note-21) [22] (#cite_note-22) Their products have been worn by Melinda Gates (/wiki/Melinda_Gates) , Michelle Obama (/wiki/Michelle_Obama) , [23] (#cite_note-hr1-23) Helen Mirren (/wiki/Helen_Mirren) , [24] (#cite_note-sb1stro-24) Melissa McCarthy (/wiki/Melissa_McCarthy) , [25] (#cite_note-vogue_(october_2018_edition)-25) Glenn Close, Oprah Winfrey (/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey) [26] (#cite_note-is_oprah-26) and Kamala Harris (/wiki/Kamala_Harris) . [27] (#cite_note-27) Corporate citizenship [ edit ] Lafayette 148 philanthropic venture is the School of Dreams, a non-profit elementary school founded in China in 2007. [23] (#cite_note-hr1-23) [28] (#cite_note-ww2_-_regarding_edu_ini-28) [29] (#cite_note-29) As part of the company’s second annual UnordinaryWomen initiative in 2020, Lafayette 148 honored changemaking women in support of Girl Rising (/wiki/Girl_Rising) , a non-profit organization for girls. [30] (#cite_note-30) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) King, Kate (January 29, 2020). "Brooklyn Isn't Just for Startups" (https://www.wsj.com/articles/brooklyn-isnt-just-for-startups-11580312319) . The Wall Street Journal (/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal) . Retrieved 3 February 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Wilson, Eric (September 18, 2013). "Lafayette 148 is growing up" (https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/19/fashion/lafayette-148-is-growing-up.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . The New York Times Company . Retrieved 29 August 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Wieczner, Jen (October 3, 2018). "A 'Made in China' Retailer That Makes Clothes Like Milan" (https://fortune.com/2018/10/03/china-factory-lafayette-148/) . Fortune (/wiki/Fortune_(magazine)) . Fortune Media IP Limited . Retrieved 29 August 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-oc_magazine_1_4-0) Chao, Eveline (January 7, 2014). "A Makeover for Chinatown's Garment Industry" (https://opencitymag.aaww.org/makeover-for-chinatowns-garment-industry/) . Open City Magazine . Retrieved 29 August 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-inc1_5-0) Curan, Catherine (December 1, 2005). "Case Study: A Quota on Profit" (https://www.inc.com/magazine/20051201/handson-quotas.html) . Inc. (/wiki/Inc._(magazine)) Retrieved 29 August 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b Moin, David (November 20, 2017). "For Brooklyn-Bound Lafayette 148 NY, Relocating Means Innovating" (https://wwd.com/business-news/business-features/lafayette-148-brooklyn-navy-yard-11044027/) . WWD. ^ (#cite_ref-cnyb_7-0) Pasquarelli, Adrianne (June 23, 2014). "Garmento Lafayette 148 aims for China" (https://www.crainsnewyork.com/article/20140623/RETAIL_APPAREL/306229995/garmento-lafayette-148-aims-for-china) . Crains NY Business. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Lafayette 148's Deirdre Quinn: 'Having stores gives us confidence' (https://www.glossy.co/podcasts/lafayette-148s-deirdre-quinn-having-stores-gives-us-confidence) " (https://www.glossy.co/podcasts/lafayette-148s-deirdre-quinn-having-stores-gives-us-confidence) . Glossy. Digiday Media. June 26, 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-aage1_9-0) Madden, Normandy (January 25, 2013). "Lafayette 148 NY builds on heritage in China launch" (https://adage.com/article/global-news/lafayette-148-york-builds-heritage-china-launch/239415) . Ad Age. ^ Jump up to: a b Sandle, Tim (September 16, 2017). "Fashion brand Lafayette 148 New York goes digital" (http://www.digitaljournal.com/business/fashion-brand-lafayette-148-new-york-goes-digital/article/502600) . Digital Journal. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Lacombe, Gabriella (November 18, 2020). "Lafayette 148 opens new boutiques at Bal Harbour and Short Hills" (https://ca.fashionnetwork.com/news/Lafayette-148-opens-new-boutiques-at-bal-harbour-and-short-hills,1260296.html) . FashionNetwork.com . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Aktar, Alev. "Downtown label Lafayette 148 gets glam new digs — uptown" (https://nypost.com/2019/09/04/downtown-label-lafayette-148-gets-glam-new-digs-uptown/) . New York Post (/wiki/New_York_Post) . Retrieved September 4, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Sheehan, Kevin; Marsh, Julia (2020-04-06). "Fashion company partners with body armor manufacturer to make surgical gowns" (https://nypost.com/2020/04/06/fashion-company-making-surgical-gowns-at-brooklyn-navy-yard/) . New York Post . Retrieved 2020-04-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "More PPE Supplies Being Made In NYC To Help Fight COVID-19" (https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/coronavirus/more-ppe-supplies-being-made-in-nyc-to-help-fight-covid-19/2375762/) . NBC (/wiki/NBC) New York . April 15, 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-15) Fraser, Kristopher (26 June 2020). "Lafayette 148 Launches AtelierDirect" (https://fashionunited.com/news/retail/lafayette-148-launches-atelierdirect/2020062634204) . FashionUnited (/wiki/FashionUnited) . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Lockwood, Lisa (24 June 2020). "Lafayette 148 New York Unveils AtelierDirect" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/designer-luxury/lafayette-148-new-york-unveils-atelierdirect-1203660047/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Johns, Nikara (11 February 2020). "Luxury Women's Label Lafayette 148 Is Launching Shoes & They're Made With Wide-Widths in Mind" (https://footwearnews.com/2020/focus/womens/lafayette-148-shoes-launch-fall-2020-1202923387/) . Footwear News (/wiki/Footwear_News) . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Lockwood, Lisa (9 November 2020). "Lafayette 148 Ramps Up Retail Growth" (https://wwd.com/business-news/retail/lafayette-148-ramps-up-retail-growth-1234654266/) . WWD (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Lafayette 148 RTW Spring 2019" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/shows-reviews/gallery/lafayette-148-rtw-spring-1202784627/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved 5 September 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Created in 1996, Lafayette 148 is a global women's fashion brand known for sophisticated, clean-lined designs and a modern sensibility inspired by the dynamism of New York City" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/organisations/lafayette-148) . Business of Fashion. ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Sensible Chic" (http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/09/24/AR2006092401109_4.html?noredirect=on) . Washington Post . The Washington Post Company . Retrieved 29 August 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Moin, David. "For Brooklyn-Bound Lafayette 148 NY, Relocating means Innovating" (https://wwd.com/business-news/business-features/lafayette-148-brooklyn-navy-yard-11044027/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved November 20, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b Reed, Sam (April 28, 2017). "Michelle Obama Returns to the Public Eye in a Dress that Sends a Message" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/michelle-obama-returns-public-eye-a-dress-sends-a-message-998484) . Hollywood Reporter. ^ (#cite_ref-sb1stro_24-0) "Helen Mirren Evening Coat" (http://www.stylebistro.com/lookbook/Helen+Mirren/ioMPdL70Ir_) . Style Bistro. ^ (#cite_ref-vogue_(october_2018_edition)_25-0) Barsamian, Edward (October 15, 2018). "Coat Season Is Here and Melissa McCarthy Is On Top of It" (https://www.vogue.com/article/melissa-mccarthy-animal-print-coat-dressing-new-york-city-celebrity-street-style) . Vogue. ^ (#cite_ref-is_oprah_26-0) Simon, Samantha (February 15, 2018). "Oprah Winfrey Says These Jeans Make Her "Look and Feel One Size Smaller" (https://www.instyle.com/news/oprah-winfrey-favorite-things) " (https://www.instyle.com/news/oprah-winfrey-favorite-things) . InStyle. ^ (#cite_ref-27) Wasilak, Sarah (20 October 2020). "Kamala Harris Dancing in the Rain in Converse Is the Video We All Need Right Now" (https://www.popsugar.com/fashion/kamala-harris-dancing-converse-florida-2020-47899046) . Popsugar (/wiki/Popsugar) . ^ (#cite_ref-ww2_-_regarding_edu_ini_28-0) Feitelberg, Rosemary (September 15, 2016). "Lafayette 148's Education Initiative" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/ready-to-wear/lafayette-148-education-initiative-10533112/) . WWD. ^ (#cite_ref-29) "Fashion and Philanthropy at Lafayette 148" (https://fwa.org/spotlight/fashion-philanthropy-at-lafayette-148/) . FWA. ^ (#cite_ref-30) Vickery, Morgan (May 6, 2020). "Unordinary Women" (https://flaunt.com/content/unordinary-women-lafayette-148-x-girl-rising) . Flaunt Magazine . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://www.lafayette148ny.com/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5b8f7f4b65‐229s7 Cached time: 20240623130013 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.364 seconds Real time usage: 0.420 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2123/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 49351/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 758/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 110348/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.230/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5686178/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 383.838 1 -total 60.51% 232.275 1 Template:Reflist 51.23% 196.621 29 Template:Cite_news 32.92% 126.367 1 Template:Infobox_company 27.20% 104.386 1 Template:Infobox 3.95% 15.144 6 Template:Main_other 3.16% 12.127 1 Template:Wikidata 2.58% 9.898 1 Template:Comma_separated_entries 2.28% 8.769 1 Template:URL 2.19% 8.417 1 Template:Official_website Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:61699305-0!canonical and timestamp 20240623130013 and revision id 1168636579. 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Pakistani journalist and author Annie Ali Khan Born Quratulain Ali Khan 1980 Karachi (/wiki/Karachi) , Pakistan [1] (#cite_note-sita-1) Died ( 2018-07-21 ) July 21, 2018 Karachi (/wiki/Karachi) , Pakistan Nationality Pakistani Occupation(s) model, journalist, author Known for “The Missing Daughters of Pakistan” and Sita under the Crescent Moon Spouse Sofian (divorced) Website www (https://www.anniealikhan.com/about/) .anniealikhan (https://www.anniealikhan.com/about/) .com (https://www.anniealikhan.com/about/) /about (https://www.anniealikhan.com/about/) / (https://www.anniealikhan.com/about/) Quratulain “Annie” Ali Khan ( Urdu (/wiki/Urdu_language) : قرة العین علی خان ; 1980 – 21 July 2018) was a Pakistani model, free-lance journalist, and author. [2] (#cite_note-dawn-2) Her book, Sita under the Crescent Moon was published by Simon and Schuster (/wiki/Simon_and_Schuster) in 2019. [3] (#cite_note-ss-3) Her work addressed gender inequality (/wiki/Gender_inequality) and social inequality (/wiki/Social_inequality) in Pakistan (/wiki/Pakistan) and the United States (/wiki/United_States) , and she wrote about topics such as colorism (/wiki/Colorism) , religious persecution (/wiki/Religious_persecution) , cultural assimilation (/wiki/Cultural_assimilation) , and violence against women (/wiki/Violence_against_women) . [4] (#cite_note-fl-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-daal-fry-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) She died on 21 July 2018 in Karachi. [2] (#cite_note-dawn-2) Career [ edit ] Ali Khan began modeling after submitting her portfolio to popular photographer Tapu Javeri (/wiki/Tapu_Javeri) . Ali Khan worked as a fashion model to several top designers and brand names, and her first break came in a commercial for Lipton (/wiki/Lipton) Tea. [8] (#cite_note-independent-8) She also worked as a model for the television network MTV (/wiki/MTV) and starred in the MTV video Saali Tu Maani Nahin alongside Pakistani singer Shehzad Roy (/wiki/Shehzad_Roy) , which became popular at that time and gained positive reviews in Pakistan. [9] (#cite_note-9) While in New York (/wiki/New_York_City) for a video shoot, she met film director Sofian Khan, married him, and moved to New York. While living in New York, Ali Khan began a career as a journalist. She received a master's degree in Journalism from the Columbia School of Journalism (/wiki/Columbia_School_of_Journalism) in New York in 2011, where she studied under Dale Maharidge (/wiki/Dale_Maharidge) . [8] (#cite_note-independent-8) She often collaborated with her husband on video projects, such as the series New York Loves Annie for Play TV (/wiki/Play_TV_(Pakistan)) . [8] (#cite_note-independent-8) In 2012, her breakthrough article “Fair and Lovely” was published in Marie Claire (/wiki/Marie_Claire) . The article addressed colorism (/wiki/Colorism) in Pakistan (/wiki/Pakistan) and India (/wiki/India) and detailed Ali Khan's time as a model for Fair and Lovely (/wiki/Fair_%26_Lovely_(cosmetics)) skin lightener (/wiki/Skin_lightening) . [ citation needed ] After seven years in the US, Ali Khan returned to Pakistan in 2016. [1] (#cite_note-sita-1) She published widely in magazines including Dawn , Herald , The Express Tribune (/wiki/The_Express_Tribune) , The Asia Society (/wiki/The_Asia_Society) , The Caravan (/wiki/The_Caravan) , Tanqeed , Roads & Kingdoms (/wiki/Roads_%26_Kingdoms) , and the blog “Chapati Mystery.” She was praised for the brave journalism she pursued, and she wrote about the misogyny (/wiki/Misogyny) and oppression of women in Pakistan. [10] (#cite_note-cm-10) In 2017, Herald magazine published her piece “The Missing Daughters of Pakistan,” which addressed young women murdered in Pakistani towns. [11] (#cite_note-11) Sita under the Crescent Moon [ edit ] In 2016, Roads & Kingdoms published Ali Khan's piece “A Hindu Pilgrimage in Pakistan,” where Ali Khan described following a pilgrimage to Hinglaj (/wiki/Hinglaj) in Balochistan (/wiki/Balochistan) . The research done for the piece also kickstarted Ali Khan's three-year project to write about women who “would never be allowed to speak, never be heard if they scream, never be seen if they obstruct, never be understood as equals, as companions, as human beings.” [10] (#cite_note-cm-10) Ali Khan lived among communities of women in Balochistan, Thatta (/wiki/Thatta) in Sindh (/wiki/Sindh) , and Lyari (/wiki/Lyari) in Karachi, who revered Sati, their name for the Hindu goddess Sita (/wiki/Sita) . [3] (#cite_note-ss-3) These communities and their pilgrimages form the basis of Ali Khan's book, Sita under the Crescent Moon, published by Simon and Schuster (/wiki/Simon_and_Schuster) in 2019. Personal life and death [ edit ] Ali Khan was born in Karachi (/wiki/Karachi) , Pakistan (/wiki/Pakistan) . [6] (#cite_note-daal-fry-6) Her maternal grandfather, Sheikh Abbas, was a Sindhi (/wiki/Sindhi_people) civil engineer, and her father, Masood, was a Muhajir (/wiki/Muhajir_(Urdu-speaking_people)) , among the Muslim (/wiki/Muslim) refugees who fled to Pakistan after Partition (/wiki/Partition_of_India) , who worked as an airplane pilot. [1] (#cite_note-sita-1) [8] (#cite_note-independent-8) [4] (#cite_note-fl-4) Her aunts had worked as models before her. [4] (#cite_note-fl-4) She moved to Islamabad (/wiki/Islamabad) for a year when she was nine, before returning to Karachi. [4] (#cite_note-fl-4) Ali Khan graduated from Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology (/wiki/Sir_Syed_University_of_Engineering_and_Technology) and received a Master's in Journalism from the Columbia School of Journalism (/wiki/Columbia_School_of_Journalism) in New York. She was married to film director Sofian Khan for seven years, during which time she lived in New York. [1] (#cite_note-sita-1) Ali Khan returned to Karachi in 2016. She was found dead in her apartment in Karachi on 21 July 2018, having suffocated from smoke from a fire in the apartment. [8] (#cite_note-independent-8) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d Ali Khan, Annie (2019). Sita under the Crescent Moon . Simon and Schuster. ^ a b Ali, Imtiaz (July 21, 2018). "Former model, writer Annie Ali Khan found dead after fire at apartment" (https://www.dawn.com/news/1421588) . DAWN.COM . Retrieved August 14, 2018 . ^ a b Sita under the Crescent Moon . Simon and Schuster. June 18, 2019. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9789386797490 . Retrieved July 9, 2019 . ^ a b c d Ali Khan, Annie (November 1, 2012). "Fair And Lovely — annie ali khan" (https://web.archive.org/web/20181001100122/https://www.anniealikhan.com/fairandlovely) . Archived from the original (https://www.anniealikhan.com/fairandlovely) on October 1, 2018 . Retrieved July 10, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Ali Khan, Annie (January 4, 2016). "A Hindu Pilgrimage in Pakistan" (https://roadsandkingdoms.com/2016/a-hindu-pilgrimage-in-pakistan/) . Roads & Kingdoms . Retrieved July 10, 2019 . ^ a b Ali Khan, Annie (July 3, 2016). "A Pre-Dawn Daal Fry in Karachi" (https://roadsandkingdoms.com/2016/a-pre-dawn-daal-fry-in-karachi/) . Roads & Kingdoms . Retrieved July 10, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Ali Khan, Annie (March 31, 2016). "Rickshaw Diary" (https://web.archive.org/web/20190512110100/http://www.chapatimystery.com/archives/homistan/rickshaw_diary.html) . Chapati Mystery . Archived from the original (https://www.chapatimystery.com/archives/homistan/rickshaw_diary.html) on May 12, 2019 . Retrieved July 10, 2019 . ^ a b c d e Manby, Christine (August 15, 2018). "Annie Ali Khan: ex-model and computer engineer who took to journalism to empower women in Pakistan" (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/annie-ali-khan-dead-obituary-pakistan-women-model-computer-engineer-journalism-a8491191.html) . Independent . Archived (https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220507/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/annie-ali-khan-dead-obituary-pakistan-women-model-computer-engineer-journalism-a8491191.html) from the original on May 7, 2022 . Retrieved July 10, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Shehzad Roy Has A Heartbreaking Message At The Shocking Death Of His "Saali" Co-star Annie Ali Khan" (https://www.mangobaaz.com/shehzad-roy-saali-co-star-annie-ali-khan-passed-away/) . MangoBaaz . July 23, 2018 . Retrieved August 14, 2018 . ^ a b "In memoriam: Quratulain Ali Khan" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180815055233/https://www.chapatimystery.com/archives/homistan/in_memoriam_quratulain_ali_khan.html) . Chapati Mystery . July 22, 2018. Archived from the original (https://www.chapatimystery.com/archives/homistan/in_memoriam_quratulain_ali_khan.html) on August 15, 2018 . Retrieved August 14, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Ali Khan, Quratulain (August 31, 2016). "The missing daughters of Pakistan" (http://herald.dawn.com/news/1153516) . Herald Magazine . Retrieved July 10, 2019 . 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Blue dress worn by Lupita Nyong'o Blue Prada dress of Lupita Nyong'o Designer Prada (/wiki/Prada) Year 2014 Type Powder blue dress Material Silk (/wiki/Silk) Lupita Nyong'o (/wiki/Lupita_Nyong%27o) wore a blue dress on March 2, 2014 to the 86th Academy Awards (/wiki/86th_Academy_Awards) at the Dolby Theatre (/wiki/Dolby_Theatre) , at which she won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress (/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Supporting_Actress) for her performance in 12 Years a Slave (/wiki/12_Years_a_Slave_(film)) (2013). [1] (#cite_note-today-1) In collaboration with Nyong'o, the gown was designed by Prada (/wiki/Prada) and styled by Micaela Erlanger. After the ceremony, the dress garnered critical praise from fashion blogs and publications, being cited on several 'best dressed' lists and considered one of the most significant gowns in Hollywood history. Background and design [ edit ] Nyong'o fashion and Erlanger's styling after the release of her film, 12 Years a Slave , had been praised by media publications during awards season (/wiki/Film_awards_seasons) . [2] (#cite_note-e-2) [3] (#cite_note-latimes-3) [4] (#cite_note-grazia-4) [5] (#cite_note-us-5) After her nomination at the 86th Academy Awards for her performance in the film, designers Stella McCartney (/wiki/Stella_McCartney) and Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) had reportedly vied for Nyong'o's collaboration, but her stylist ultimately chose Prada to work with. [4] (#cite_note-grazia-4) The dress was custom designed. [6] (#cite_note-dailynews-6) [7] (#cite_note-fashionista-7) [8] (#cite_note-telegraph-8) It went through five designs before determining the final look. [9] (#cite_note-9) Erlanger and Nyong'o worked with the brand on the sketch designs and inspirations used, including the essence of Old Hollywood (/wiki/Old_Hollywood) , and the celebratory night of the Oscars. [8] (#cite_note-telegraph-8) The shade of the gown, which Nyong'o referred to as " Nairobi (/wiki/Nairobi) blue", was inspired by her hometown in Kenya (/wiki/Kenya) . [6] (#cite_note-dailynews-6) [10] (#cite_note-huffpost-10) The dress is a powder blue georgette soleil silk ballgown with a plunging v-neckline, a low-cut back, a blue belt, and an empire, flowing pleated skirt with subtle crystal trim. [11] (#cite_note-newyork-11) [8] (#cite_note-telegraph-8) [6] (#cite_note-dailynews-6) [12] (#cite_note-seattle-12) [7] (#cite_note-fashionista-7) [10] (#cite_note-huffpost-10) [13] (#cite_note-13) Design elements of pastel hues and pleats (/wiki/Pleats) in the skirt were consistent with trends shown on the Oscars red carpet as well as New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) . [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-reporter-15) The beaded trimming of the gown was designed to resemble champagne (/wiki/Champagne) bubbles. [6] (#cite_note-dailynews-6) [8] (#cite_note-telegraph-8) The dress's neckline and silhouette was influenced by Elizabeth Taylor (/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor) 's 1969 dress to the Oscars, and the matching jewellery "a nod to Hollywood glamour". [8] (#cite_note-telegraph-8) [1] (#cite_note-today-1) Her short hair was put into a cropped updo with added height. [5] (#cite_note-us-5) Nyong'o accessorized the gown with a matching manicure (/wiki/Manicure) , complimentary Prada sandal pumps and a clutch, as well as accessories from Fred Leighton (/wiki/Fred_Leighton) , including a gold and diamond headband and a gold and rose-cut spiked diamond crescent earrings. [7] (#cite_note-fashionista-7) [6] (#cite_note-dailynews-6) [15] (#cite_note-reporter-15) She also wore a gold ring with a frog emblem, which is her family totem (/wiki/Totem) . [2] (#cite_note-e-2) The emblem was also sewn into a hidden tag in the gown. [8] (#cite_note-telegraph-8) The 2014 ceremony was both Nyong'o's and Erlanger's first time in attendance at the Academy Awards. [2] (#cite_note-e-2) [8] (#cite_note-telegraph-8) [1] (#cite_note-today-1) In the evening, Nyong'o won the accolade for the Best Supporting Actress (/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Supporting_Actress) category, and was photographed with the statuette alongside the ensemble. [7] (#cite_note-fashionista-7) [16] (#cite_note-16) Reception [ edit ] After Nyong'o was photographed in the gown, it gained widespread commentary and praise across fashion blogs (/wiki/Fashion_blogs) and social media. [17] (#cite_note-17) The Washington Post (/wiki/Washington_Post) ' s Cara Kelly acclaimed the gown as "a glorious cap" to an "impressive" award shows run. [18] (#cite_note-wp-18) Booth Moore, a fashion critic of the Los Angeles Times (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times) , framed Nyong'o's gown as "sweet and striking", praising her "individual style statement". [3] (#cite_note-latimes-3) Allie Jones of The Atlantic (/wiki/The_Atlantic) asserted that Nyong'o's gown "murdered the Oscars fashion game" and was the best look of the night, while the New Yorker (/wiki/The_New_Yorker) wrote that it was a "lightly more daring J. Crew wedding dress in its insistent breeziness". [19] (#cite_note-19) [11] (#cite_note-newyork-11) The Seattle Times (/wiki/Seattle_Times) described the gown as "ethereal" and "voluminous yet utterly simple." [12] (#cite_note-seattle-12) Stephanie Cary for the Los Angeles Daily News (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Daily_News) stated that Nyong'o "hit a grand slam" with the dress. [6] (#cite_note-dailynews-6) The gown featured on the best dressed lists of Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , MTV (/wiki/MTV) E! (/wiki/E!) , HuffPost (/wiki/HuffPost) and the Standard (/wiki/Evening_Standard) for the award ceremony. [20] (#cite_note-20) [21] (#cite_note-21) [10] (#cite_note-huffpost-10) [2] (#cite_note-e-2) [22] (#cite_note-22) Writing for The Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) , Bibby Sowray expressed that the dress had "now well and truly cemented itself in Hollywood history." [8] (#cite_note-telegraph-8) The Seattle Times dubbed it a "standout among the stars" and one of the publication's favorite red carpet gowns from the past decade. [12] (#cite_note-seattle-12) Fashionista (/wiki/Fashionista_(website)) wrote that the ensemble would "go down as one of the all-time Hollywood classics." [7] (#cite_note-fashionista-7) The Washington Post and Fashionista compared the dress to the previous looks of Elizabeth Taylor and Grace Kelly (/wiki/Grace_Kelly) at previous Oscar ceremonies. [7] (#cite_note-fashionista-7) [18] (#cite_note-wp-18) Glamour (/wiki/Glamour_(magazine)) magazine compared Nyong'o's dress to Cinderella (/wiki/Cinderella) 's ballgown, while the New York Daily News (/wiki/New_York_Daily_News) stated that her acceptance speech was "heartwarming" and drew parallels to the character's story. [23] (#cite_note-23) [24] (#cite_note-24) Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) declared that the look "cemented Nyong'o as a style star." [25] (#cite_note-25) See also [ edit ] List of individual dresses (/wiki/List_of_individual_dresses) References [ edit ] ^ a b c "Lupita Nyong'o and her colorful wardrobe" (https://www.today.com/slideshow/lupita-nyongo-and-her-colorful-wardrobe-55010395) . Today . 22 April 2014 . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ a b c d Burton, Cinya (3 March 2014). "Lupita Nyong'o Wears Prada to the 2014 Oscars: "It's A Blue That Reminds Me of Nairobi" (https://www.eonline.com/news/516472/lupita-nyong-o-wears-prada-to-the-2014-oscars-it-s-a-blue-that-reminds-me-of-nairobi) " (https://www.eonline.com/news/516472/lupita-nyong-o-wears-prada-to-the-2014-oscars-it-s-a-blue-that-reminds-me-of-nairobi) . E! Online . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ a b Moore, Beth (3 March 2014). "Academy Awards 2014: Lupita Nyong'o keeps it personal in Prada" (https://www.latimes.com/fashion/la-ar-oscars-2014-lupita-nyongo-keeps-it-personal-in-prada-20140302-story.html) . Los Angeles Times . ^ a b Brett, Hattie (3 March 2014). "Meet Micaela Erlanger: The Stylist Behind Luptia Nyong'o's Prada Oscar Dress" (https://graziadaily.co.uk/celebrity/news/meet-micaela-erlanger-stylist-behind-luptia-nyong-o-s-prada-oscar-dress/) . Grazia Daily . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ a b Ravitz, Justin (3 March 2014). "Lupita Nyong'o Wears Blue Prada With Plunging Neckline, Headband at 2014 Oscars" (https://www.usmagazine.com/stylish/news/lupita-nyongo-wears-blue-prada-with-plunging-neckline-headband-at-2014-oscars-pictures-201423/) . Us Magazine . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ a b c d e f Cary, Stephanie (2 March 2014). "Oscars 2014: Lupita Nyong'o's dress color inspired by her hometown in Kenya" (https://www.dailynews.com/2014/03/02/oscars-2014-lupita-nyongos-dress-color-inspired-by-her-hometown-in-kenya/) . Los Angeles Daily News . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ a b c d e f McCal, Tyler (14 August 2020). "Great Outfits in Fashion History: Lupita Nyong'o in Princess-Worthy Prada" (https://fashionista.com/2020/08/lupita-nyong-o-prada-2014-oscars) . Fashionista . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ a b c d e f g h Soway, Bibbi. "Oscars 2014: Lupita Nyong'o's stylist on her winning Oscars look" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG10674946/Oscars-2014-Lupita-Nyongos-stylist-on-her-winning-Oscars-look.html) . The Telegraph . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Wischhover, Cheyrl (3 March 2014). "Q&A: Lupita Nyong'o's Hair Stylist on That Oscars Headband and Her Double Hair Mountains" (https://www.thecut.com/2014/03/nyongos-hair-stylist-on-that-oscars-headband.html) . The Cut . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ a b c "Lupita Nyong'o Oscars 2014: Prada Gown Gets Our Best Dressed Vote" (https://www.huffpost.com/archive/ca/entry/lupita-nyongo-oscars-2014_n_4886586) . HuffPost . 2 March 2014 . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ a b Weiss, Sasha. "An Oscar-Fashion Report Card" (https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/an-oscar-fashion-report-card) . The New Yorker . ^ a b c MacDonald, Moira (26 April 2020). "Sunday Best: A standout among the stars — Lupita Nyong'o at the 2014 Academy Awards red carpet" (https://www.seattletimes.com/life/fashion/sunday-best-a-standout-among-the-stars-lupita-nyongo-at-the-2014-academy-awards-red-carpet/) . Seattle Times . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Khederian, Robert (5 March 2014). "18 Pictures of Lupita Nyong'o Loving Life in Her Prada Dress" (https://www.popsugar.com/fashion/Lupita-Nyongo-Light-Blue-Prada-Dress-Oscars-2014-34233801) . PopSugar . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Raphel, Isabella (2 March 2014). "From Lupita Nyong'o to Amy Adams: Oscars 2014 Red Carpet Best Dressed" (https://parade.com/267462/iraphael/from-lupita-nyongo-to-amy-adams-oscars-2014-red-carpet-best-dressed/) . Parade . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ a b Chan, Stephanie (2 March 2014). "Oscars Fashion: Lupita Nyong'o Wears Sky Blue Prada" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/oscars-2014-fashion-lupita-nyongo-684896/) . The Hollywood Reporter . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Oscars 2014: Lupita Nyong'o gives emotional acceptance speecha Nyong'o gives emotional acceptance speech" (https://www.cbsnews.com/news/oscars-2014-lupita-nyongo-gives-emotional-acceptance-speech/) . CBS News . 3 March 2014 . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Kameir, Rawyia (29 May 2014). "Lupita Nyong'o's 'Acceptable Blackness' and the Myth of a Post-Racial Hollywood" (https://www.thedailybeast.com/lupita-nyongos-acceptable-blackness-and-the-myth-of-a-post-racial-hollywood) . The Daily Beast . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ a b Kelly, Cara. "Lupita Nyong'o and Jennifer Lawrence continue their red carpet sweep at the Oscars" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/lupita-nyongo-and-jennifer-lawrence-continue-their-red-carpet-sweep-at-the-oscars/2014/03/02/9992e36e-a259-11e3-8466-d34c451760b9_story.html) . The Washington Post . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Jones, Allie (3 March 2014). "Lupita Nyong'o Already Murdered the Oscars Fashion Game" (https://www.theatlantic.com/culture/archive/2014/03/lupita-nyongo-already-murdered-oscars-fashion-game/358712/) . The Atlantic . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "The 10 Best Dresses of the 2014 Academy Awards" (https://web.archive.org/web/20201128110355/http://www.mtv.com/news/2520375/best-dresses-2014-oscars/) . MTV . Archived from the original (http://www.mtv.com/news/2520375/best-dresses-2014-oscars/) on November 28, 2020 . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Malle, Chloe (2 March 2014). "Oscars 2014: The Ten Best Dressed Celebrities on the Red Carpet" (https://www.vogue.com/article/oscars-2014-best-dressed-celebrities-on-the-red-carpet) . Vogue . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Lough, Kate (5 March 2014). "Oscars 2014 best dressed stars: Lupita Nyong'o, Cate Blanchett and Jennifer Lawrence battle it out on the red carpet" (https://www.standard.co.uk/insider/fashion/oscars-2014-best-dressed-stars-lupita-nyong-o-cate-blanchett-and-jennifer-lawrence-battle-it-out-on-the-red-carpet-9164857.html) . The Standard . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) Clinton, Leah Melby (5 November 2014). "Let's Make It Official: Lupita Nyong'o Is a Red Carpet Style Star" (https://www.glamour.com/gallery/lupita-nyongos-best-red-carpet-looks) . Glamour . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Monde, Chiderah. "Oscars 2014: Lupita Nyong'o's powder blue princess gown draws comparison to Cinderella" (https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/oscars/lupita-nyong-channels-cinderella-oscars-gown-article-1.1708787) . New York Daily News . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Natalie Matthews, Savannah Waslh (23 February 2020). "Lupita Nyong'o's Style Evolution" (https://www.elle.com/culture/celebrities/g7303/lupita-nyongo-style-fashion-red-carpet-looks/) . Elle . Retrieved 25 October 2021 . v t e Notable red carpet outfits (/wiki/Red_carpet_fashion) 1950s White floral Givenchy dress (/wiki/White_floral_Givenchy_dress_of_Audrey_Hepburn) ( Audrey Hepburn (/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn) , 1954) 1990s Red Versace dress (/wiki/Red_Versace_dress_of_Cindy_Crawford) ( Cindy Crawford (/wiki/Cindy_Crawford) , 1991) Black Versace dress (/wiki/Black_Versace_dress_of_Elizabeth_Hurley) ( Elizabeth Hurley (/wiki/Elizabeth_Hurley) , 1994) Lavender Prada dress (/wiki/Lavender_Prada_dress_of_Uma_Thurman) ( Uma Thurman (/wiki/Uma_Thurman) , 1995) American Express Gold card dress (/wiki/American_Express_Gold_card_dress_of_Lizzy_Gardiner) ( Lizzy Gardiner (/wiki/Lizzy_Gardiner) , 1995) Chartreuse Dior dress (/wiki/Chartreuse_Dior_dress_of_Nicole_Kidman) ( Nicole Kidman (/wiki/Nicole_Kidman) , 1997) Pink Ralph Lauren dress (/wiki/Pink_Ralph_Lauren_dress_of_Gwyneth_Paltrow) ( Gwyneth Paltrow (/wiki/Gwyneth_Paltrow) , 1999) 2000s Early Green Versace dress (/wiki/Green_Versace_dress_of_Jennifer_Lopez) ( Jennifer Lopez (/wiki/Jennifer_Lopez) , 2000) Crimson Alberta Ferretti dress (/wiki/Crimson_Alberta_Ferretti_dress_of_Uma_Thurman) ( Uma Thurman (/wiki/Uma_Thurman) , 2000) Black and white Valentino dress (/wiki/Black_and_white_Valentino_dress_of_Julia_Roberts) ( Julia Roberts (/wiki/Julia_Roberts) , 2001) Swan dress (/wiki/Swan_dress) ( Björk (/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rk) , 2001) Elie Saab net dress (/wiki/Elie_Saab_net_dress_of_Halle_Berry) ( Halle Berry (/wiki/Halle_Berry) , 2002) Red Ben de Lisi dress (/wiki/Red_Ben_de_Lisi_dress_of_Kate_Winslet) ( Kate Winslet (/wiki/Kate_Winslet) , 2002) Red Tarvydas dress (/wiki/Red_Tarvydas_dress_of_Rebecca_Twigley) ( Rebecca Twigley (/wiki/Rebecca_Judd) , 2004) White Marc Bouwer dress (/wiki/White_Marc_Bouwer_dress_of_Angelina_Jolie) ( Angelina Jolie (/wiki/Angelina_Jolie) , 2004) Late Navy blue Guy Laroche dress (/wiki/Navy_blue_Guy_Laroche_dress_of_Hilary_Swank) ( Hilary Swank (/wiki/Hilary_Swank) , 2005) Yellow Valentino dress (/wiki/Yellow_Valentino_dress_of_Cate_Blanchett) ( Cate Blanchett (/wiki/Cate_Blanchett) , 2005) Plum Vera Wang dress (/wiki/Plum_Vera_Wang_dress_of_Keira_Knightley) ( Keira Knightley (/wiki/Keira_Knightley) , 2006) Saffron Vera Wang dress (/wiki/Saffron_Vera_Wang_dress_of_Michelle_Williams) ( Michelle Williams (/wiki/Michelle_Williams_(actress)) , 2006) Pink feathered Versace dress (/wiki/Pink_feathered_Versace_dress_of_Pen%C3%A9lope_Cruz) ( Penélope Cruz (/wiki/Pen%C3%A9lope_Cruz) , 2007) Swarovski crystal mesh Armani dress (/wiki/Swarovski_crystal_mesh_Armani_Priv%C3%A9_gown) ( Cate Blanchett (/wiki/Cate_Blanchett) , 2007) Ivory Jean Paul Gaultier dress (/wiki/Ivory_Jean_Paul_Gaultier_dress_of_Marion_Cotillard) ( Marion Cotillard (/wiki/Marion_Cotillard) , 2008) 2010s Meat dress (/wiki/Meat_dress_of_Lady_Gaga) ( Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) , 2010) Black Versace dress (/wiki/Black_Versace_dress_of_Angelina_Jolie) ( Angelina Jolie (/wiki/Angelina_Jolie) , 2012) Blue Prada dress ( Lupita Nyong'o (/wiki/Lupita_Nyong%27o) , 2014) Black Christian Siriano tuxedo gown (/wiki/Black_Christian_Siriano_gown_of_Billy_Porter) ( Billy Porter (/wiki/Billy_Porter_(actor)) , 2019) 2020s Autograph suit (/wiki/Autograph_suit_of_Sandy_Powell) ( Sandy Powell (/wiki/Sandy_Powell_(costume_designer)) , 2020) Other notable dresses (/wiki/List_of_individual_dresses) Category (/wiki/Category:Outfits_worn_at_the_Academy_Awards_ceremonies) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.canary‐7bd89c4ccf‐xkp9j Cached time: 20240716065520 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.368 seconds Real time usage: 0.456 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1593/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 69287/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 640/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 109343/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.242/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5242044/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 397.986 1 -total 47.94% 190.785 1 Template:Reflist 38.05% 151.445 22 Template:Cite_web 21.19% 84.326 1 Template:Red_carpet_fashion 20.99% 83.552 2 Template:Navbox 16.90% 67.259 1 Template:Short_description 9.87% 39.291 2 Template:Pagetype 9.38% 37.327 1 Template:Infobox_clothing_item 8.97% 35.693 1 Template:Infobox 4.23% 16.830 3 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:69116676-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716065520 and revision id 1231333721. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Blue_Prada_dress_of_Lupita_Nyong%27o&oldid=1231333721 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Blue_Prada_dress_of_Lupita_Nyong%27o&oldid=1231333721) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Outfits worn at the Academy Awards ceremonies (/wiki/Category:Outfits_worn_at_the_Academy_Awards_ceremonies) 2010s fashion (/wiki/Category:2010s_fashion) Blue dresses (/wiki/Category:Blue_dresses) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata)
Stiffened support for a ruff or collar A red supportasse is visible beneath this stiffened lace collar. Follower of Robert Peake the Elder (/wiki/Robert_Peake_the_Elder) , Portrait of a Lady . A supportasse or underpropper is a stiffened support for a ruff (/wiki/Ruff_(clothing)) or collar (/wiki/Collar_(clothing)) . [1] (#cite_note-ICOM-1) [2] (#cite_note-Arnold-2) [3] (#cite_note-Cumming1-3) Essential items of courtly fashion in the late 16th (/wiki/1550%E2%80%931600_in_Western_European_fashion) and early 17th centuries (/wiki/1600%E2%80%9350_in_Western_European_fashion) , supportasses are sometimes called piccadills (/wiki/Piccadill) (picadils, pickadills), whisks, rebatos , or portefraise, terms used at different times for both the supporters and the various lace (/wiki/Lace) or linen (/wiki/Linen) collar styles to which they were attached. [2] (#cite_note-Arnold-2) [4] (#cite_note-Cumming2-4) I pray you, sir, what say you to these great ruffs, which are borne up with supporters and rebatoes, as it were with post and rail? — Arthur Dent (/wiki/Arthur_Dent_(Puritan)) , The Plain Man's Pathway To Heaven (1631) [5] (#cite_note-Dent-5) Decorative supportasses were often made of wire fashioned in loops and scallops, covered over with colored silk, gold, or silver thread. Supporters stiffened with cardboard or pasteboard and covered in silk or linen were also popular. [2] (#cite_note-Arnold-2) They were held in place with ties or points fastened through worked holes at the back of the collar. [3] (#cite_note-Cumming1-3) Examples of both types of supportasse survive in the costume collections of the Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) , the Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) , and the Musée national du Moyen Âge (/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_du_Moyen_%C3%82ge) (formerly Musée de Cluny). [2] (#cite_note-Arnold-2) Gallery [ edit ] A fabric-covered supportasse is visible below the lace collar or rebato in this portrait of Grey Brydges, 5th Baron Chandos (/wiki/Grey_Brydges,_5th_Baron_Chandos) by William Larkin (/wiki/William_Larkin_(painter)) , c. 1615 A gold-wrapped wire supportasse is visible through the sheer linen of this girl's collar. Cornelis de Vos (/wiki/Cornelis_de_Vos) , Young Girl at a Virginal , c. 1624–25 References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-ICOM_1-0) International Council of Museums (/wiki/International_Council_of_Museums) (1982). Vocabulary of Basic Terms for Cataloguing Costume . International Council of Museums. OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 66084355 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/66084355) . ^ a b c d Arnold, Janet (/wiki/Janet_Arnold) (2008). Patterns of fashion 4: The cut and construction of linen shirts, smocks, neckwear, headwear and accessories for men and women c.1540-1660 . Hollywood, CA: Quite Specific Media Group. pp. 32–38. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0896762626 . ^ a b Cumming, Valerie (2010). The dictionary of fashion history . Oxford New York: Berg. p. 199. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781847885333 . ^ (#cite_ref-Cumming2_4-0) Cumming, Valerie (2010). The dictionary of fashion history . Oxford New York: Berg. pp. 156, 170, 199. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781847885333 . ^ (#cite_ref-Dent_5-0) Dent, Arthur. "Pride of Dress" (https://archive.org/stream/plainmanspathway00dentuoft/plainmanspathway00dentuoft_djvu.txt) . The Plain Man's Pathway To Heaven . p. 34 . Retrieved 17 October 2014 . External links [ edit ] Extant supportasses : Supportasse, England, 1600-1620. Cardboard, linen, silk, silk and linen thread, Victoria and Albert Museum T.32-1938 (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O137824/supportasse-unknown/) Picadil, England, 1600-1615. Silk, pasteboard, silk thread. Victoria and Albert Museum 192-1900 (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O110596/picadil-unknown/) Collar, Italy, 16th century. Bobbin lace with visible wire supporter. Metropolitan Museum of Art 30.135.156 (http://www.metmuseum.org/collection/the-collection-online/search/222480?rpp=20&pg=16&rndkey=20121122&ft=*&img=2&imgNo=0&tabName=object-information) v t e Historical clothing (/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles) Clothing generally not worn today, except in historical settings Body-length (/wiki/Suit) Abolla (/wiki/Abolla) Banyan (/wiki/Banyan_(clothing)) Brunswick (/wiki/Brunswick_(clothing)) Court dress (Empire of Japan) (/wiki/Court_uniform_and_dress_in_the_Empire_of_Japan) Chiton (/wiki/Chiton_(costume)) Frock (/wiki/Frock) Frock coat (/wiki/Frock_coat) Hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) Justacorps (/wiki/Justacorps) Paenula (/wiki/Paenula) Peplos (/wiki/Peplos) Stola (/wiki/Stola) Toga (/wiki/Toga) Tunic (/wiki/Tunic) Xout lao (/wiki/Xout_lao) Tops (/wiki/Top_(clothing)) Basque (/wiki/Basque_(clothing)) Bedgown (/wiki/Bedgown) Bodice (/wiki/Bodice) Doublet (/wiki/Doublet_(clothing)) Peascod belly (/wiki/Peascod_belly) Poet shirt (/wiki/Poet_shirt) Sbai 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(/wiki/Spencer_(clothing)) Surcoat (/wiki/Surcoat) Surtout (/wiki/Surtout) Ulster coat (/wiki/Ulster_coat) Visite (/wiki/Visite) Witzchoura (/wiki/Witzchoura) Underwear (/wiki/Undergarment) Basque (/wiki/Basque_(clothing)) Bustle (/wiki/Bustle) Chausses (/wiki/Chausses) Chemise (/wiki/Chemise) Codpiece (/wiki/Codpiece) Corselet (/wiki/Corselet) Corset (/wiki/Corset) Waist cincher (/wiki/Waist_cincher) Dickey (/wiki/Dickey_(garment)) Garter (/wiki/Garter) Hoop skirt (/wiki/Hoop_skirt) Crinoline (/wiki/Crinoline) Farthingale (/wiki/Farthingale) Pannier (/wiki/Pannier_(clothing)) Hose (/wiki/Hose_(clothing)) Liberty bodice (/wiki/Liberty_bodice) Loincloth (/wiki/Loincloth) Open drawers (/wiki/Open_drawers) Pantalettes (/wiki/Pantalettes) Petticoat (/wiki/Petticoat) Peignoir (/wiki/Peignoir) Pettipants (/wiki/Pettipants) Union suit (/wiki/Union_suit) Yếm (/wiki/Y%E1%BA%BFm) Headwear (/wiki/Headgear) Anthony Eden (/wiki/Anthony_Eden_hat) Apex (/wiki/Apex_(headdress)) Arakhchin (/wiki/Arakhchin) Attifet (/wiki/Attifet) Aviator (/wiki/Aviator_hat) Ba tầm (/wiki/Ba_t%E1%BA%A7m) Bergère (/wiki/Berg%C3%A8re_hat) Blessed hat (/wiki/Blessed_sword_and_hat) Bonnet (/wiki/Bonnet_(headgear)) Capotain (/wiki/Capotain) Caubeen (/wiki/Caubeen) Cavalier (/wiki/Cavalier_hat) Coif (/wiki/Coif) Coonskin (/wiki/Coonskin_cap) Cornette (/wiki/Cornette) Dunce (/wiki/Dunce_cap) Fillet (/wiki/Fillet_(clothing)) French hood (/wiki/French_hood) Fontange (/wiki/Fontange) Futou (/wiki/Futou) Gable hood (/wiki/Gable_hood) Hennin (/wiki/Hennin) Jeongjagwan (/wiki/Jeongjagwan) Jewish (/wiki/Jewish_hat) Kausia (/wiki/Kausia) Kokoshnik (/wiki/Kokoshnik) Llawt'u (/wiki/Llawt%27u) Malahai (/wiki/Malahai) Matron's badge (/wiki/Matron%27s_badge) Miner's (/wiki/Miner%27s_cap) Mob (/wiki/Mobcap) Modius (/wiki/Modius_(headdress)) Monmouth (/wiki/Monmouth_cap) Mooskappe (/wiki/Mooskappe) Motoring hood (/wiki/Motoring_hood) Mounteere (/wiki/Mounteere_Cap) Nemes (/wiki/Nemes) Nightcap 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Wikipedia portal for content related to 2010s Portal maintenance status: (June 2024) This portal's subpages (/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/Portal:2010s/) have been checked by an editor, and are needed. Please take care (/wiki/Wikipedia:CAREFUL) when editing, especially if using automated editing software (/wiki/Wikipedia:ASSISTED) . Learn how to update the maintenance information here (/wiki/Template:Portal_maintenance_status#How_to_update_the_maintenance_information_for_a_portal) . Portal topics (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals) Activities (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Human_activities) Culture (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Culture_and_the_arts) Geography (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Geography_and_places) Health (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Health_and_fitness) History (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#History_and_events) Mathematics (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Mathematics_and_logic) Nature (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Natural_and_physical_sciences) People (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#People_and_self) Philosophy (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Philosophy_and_thinking) Religion (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Religion_and_belief_systems) Society (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Society_and_social_sciences) Technology (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Technology_and_applied_sciences) Random portal (/wiki/Special:RandomInCategory/All_portals) The 2010s Portal From top left, clockwise: Anti-government protests called the Arab Spring (/wiki/Arab_Spring) arose in 2010–2011, and as a result, many governments were overthrown, including when Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi (/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi) was killed (/wiki/Death_of_Muammar_Gaddafi) ; Crimea (/wiki/Crimea) is annexed (/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation) by Russia in 2014; ISIS/ISIL (/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant) perpetrates terrorist attacks and captures territory in Syria and Iraq; climate change (/wiki/Climate_change) awareness and the Paris Agreement (/wiki/Paris_Agreement) ; the Event Horizon Telescope (/wiki/Event_Horizon_Telescope) captures the first image of a black hole (/wiki/Black_hole) in 2019; Obergefell v. Hodges (/wiki/Obergefell_v._Hodges) legalizes same-sex marriage (/wiki/Same-sex_marriage) in the United States in 2015, marking continuing progress for LGBT rights (/wiki/LGBT_rights) in developed countries (/wiki/Developed_countries) ; increasing use of digital media (/wiki/Digital_media) and rise of mobile devices (/wiki/Post-PC_era) ; the UK (/wiki/United_Kingdom) votes to leave (/wiki/Brexit) the EU (/wiki/European_Union) in 2016 on a rising tide of populism (/wiki/Populism) throughout the decade. The 2010s (/wiki/2010s) (pronounced "twenty-tens" or "two thousand [and] tens"), variously nicknamed " the '10s " (" the Tens "), " the Tenties ", or more rarely " the Teens ", was a decade (/wiki/Decade) that began on January 1, 2010, and ended on December 31, 2019. The decade began with an economic recovery from the late 2000s financial crisis (/wiki/2007%E2%80%932008_financial_crisis) . Inflation (/wiki/Inflation) and interest rates (/wiki/Interest_rate) stayed low and steady throughout the decade, gross world product (/wiki/Gross_world_product) grew from 2010 to 2019. Global economic recovery accelerated during the latter half of the decade, fueled by strong economic growth in many countries, robust consumer spending (/wiki/Consumer_spending) , increased investment in infrastructure (/wiki/Infrastructure) , and the emergence of new technologies (/wiki/2010s_in_technology) . However, the recovery developed unevenly. Socioeconomic crises in some countries—particularly in the Arab world (/wiki/Arab_world) —triggered political revolutions in Tunisia (/wiki/Tunisian_Revolution) , Egypt (/wiki/2011_Egyptian_revolution) , and Bahrain (/wiki/Bahraini_uprising_(2011%E2%80%93present)) as well as civil wars in Libya (/wiki/2011_Libyan_Civil_War) , Syria (/wiki/Syrian_Civil_War) , and Yemen (/wiki/Yemeni_Civil_War_(2015%E2%80%93present)) in a regional phenomenon that was commonly referred to as the Arab Spring (/wiki/Arab_Spring) . Meanwhile, Europe had to grapple with a debt crisis (/wiki/European_debt_crisis) that was pronounced early in the decade. Shifting social attitudes saw LGBT rights (/wiki/LGBT_rights_by_country_or_territory) make substantial progress throughout the decade, particularly in developed countries (/wiki/Developed_countries) . The decade saw the musical and cultural dominance of dance-pop (/wiki/Dance-pop) , electronic dance music (/wiki/Electronic_dance_music) , hipster culture (/wiki/Hipster_(contemporary_subculture)) and electropop (/wiki/Electropop) . Globalization and an increased demand for variety and personalisation in the face of music streaming services (/wiki/Music_streaming_service) such as Spotify (/wiki/Spotify) , SoundCloud (/wiki/SoundCloud) and Apple Music (/wiki/Apple_Music) created many musical subgenres. As the decade progressed, diversity was also seen with the mainstream success of K-pop (/wiki/K-pop) , Latin music (/wiki/Latin_music) and trap (/wiki/Trap_music) . Superhero films (/wiki/Superhero_film) became box office leaders, with Avengers: Endgame (/wiki/Avengers:_Endgame) becoming the highest-grossing film of all time (/wiki/List_of_highest-grossing_films) . Cable providers (/wiki/Cable_television) saw a decline in subscribers as cord cutters (/wiki/Cord-cutting) switched to lower cost online streaming (/wiki/Online_streaming) services such as Netflix (/wiki/Netflix) , Amazon Prime (/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Video) , Hulu (/wiki/Hulu) and Disney+ (/wiki/Disney%2B) . The video game industry (/wiki/Video_game_industry) continued to be dominated by Nintendo (/wiki/Nintendo) , Sony (/wiki/Sony) , and Microsoft (/wiki/Microsoft) ; while indie games (/wiki/Indie_games) became more popular, with Minecraft (/wiki/Minecraft) becoming the best-selling game (/wiki/List_of_best-selling_video_games) of all time. Handheld console gaming (/wiki/Handheld_gaming) revenue was overtaken by mobile gaming (/wiki/Mobile_gaming) revenue in 2011. The best-selling book of this decade was Fifty Shades of Grey (/wiki/Fifty_Shades_of_Grey) . Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) was named the top music artist of the decade (/wiki/Billboard_Music_Awards#Artist_of_the_Decade_Award) in the U.S. by Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) . ( Full article... (/wiki/2010s) ) Refresh with new selections below (purge) Selected article Fruit Ninja (/wiki/Fruit_Ninja) is a video game (/wiki/Video_game) developed by Halfbrick (/wiki/Halfbrick_Studios) originally released on August 12, 2010. In the game, the player must slice fruit that is thrown into the air by swiping the device's touch screen (/wiki/Touch_screen) with their finger(s) or (in the case of the Xbox 360 (/wiki/Xbox_360) version) the player's arms and hands, and must not slice bombs. It features multiple gameplay modes, leaderboards (/wiki/Game_ladder) and multiplayer. The game was initially released for iPod Touch (/wiki/IPod_Touch) and iPhone (/wiki/IPhone) devices before being expanded to other devices and platforms: August 14, 2010, for the iPad, September 17, 2010, for Android (/wiki/Android_(operating_system)) devices, December 22, 2010, for Windows Phone (/wiki/Windows_Phone) , and March 2011 for Samsung's Bada (/wiki/Bada_(operating_system)) and Nokia's Symbian (/wiki/Symbian) . Just prior to E3 2011 (/wiki/Electronic_Entertainment_Expo_2011) Fruit Ninja Kinect , which utilizes the Kinect (/wiki/Kinect) peripheral, was released for the Xbox 360 (/wiki/Xbox_360) on August 10, 2011. Fruit Ninja was also released for Windows 8 (/wiki/Windows_8) , on June 7, 2012. Versions with alternative names exist, such as Fruit Ninja HD on the iPad (/wiki/IPad) ; also released on Intel AppUp (/wiki/Intel_AppUp) in 2011 for Windows, Fruit Ninja THD for Nvidia Tegra 2 (/wiki/Tegra_2) –based Android devices, Fruit Ninja VR for HTC Vive (/wiki/HTC_Vive) and PlayStation 4 (/wiki/PlayStation_4) , and an arcade version called Fruit Ninja FX with a sequel Fruit Ninja FX 2 following in November 2012. A version using the Leap Motion (/wiki/Leap_Motion) was released in 2013 for Microsoft Windows (/wiki/Microsoft_Windows) . A mobile version using the keypad (/wiki/Keypad) was released in 2021 for KaiOS (/wiki/KaiOS) devices. ( Full article... (/wiki/Fruit_Ninja) ) List of selected articles Smartphones (/wiki/Smartphones) Presidency of Barack Obama (/wiki/Presidency_of_Barack_Obama) Curiosity (rover) (/wiki/Curiosity_(rover)) Flint water crisis (/wiki/Flint_water_crisis) Fourth-wave feminism (/wiki/Fourth-wave_feminism) Virtual assistant (/wiki/Virtual_assistant) 2014 Hong Kong protests (/wiki/2014_Hong_Kong_protests) Presidency of Donald Trump (/wiki/Presidency_of_Donald_Trump) TheReportOfTheWeek (/wiki/TheReportOfTheWeek) Hurricane Sandy (/wiki/Hurricane_Sandy) Generation Alpha (/wiki/Generation_Alpha) March 2019 North American Blizzard (/wiki/March_2019_North_American_Blizzard) Parallel computing (/wiki/Parallel_computing) 2013 El Reno tornado (/wiki/2013_El_Reno_tornado) Fifty Shades of Grey (/wiki/Fifty_Shades_of_Grey) 2015 Denver Broncos season (/wiki/2015_Denver_Broncos_season) Christian Contemporary music (/wiki/Christian_Contemporary_music) Hyperloop (/wiki/Hyperloop) Boston Marathon bombing (/wiki/Boston_Marathon_bombing) Men Going Their Own Way (/wiki/Men_Going_Their_Own_Way) Jeggings (/wiki/Jeggings) Commercial Space Launch Competitiveness Act of 2015 (/wiki/Commercial_Space_Launch_Competitiveness_Act_of_2015) One World Trade Center (/wiki/One_World_Trade_Center) Hurricane Harvey (/wiki/Hurricane_Harvey) K-pop (/wiki/K-pop) Ghostbusters (2016 film) (/wiki/Ghostbusters_(2016_film)) Climate Change (/wiki/Climate_Change) West African Ebola virus epidemic (/wiki/West_African_Ebola_virus_epidemic) The Chase (American game show) (/wiki/The_Chase_(American_game_show)) Social Media (/wiki/Social_Media) 2011 military intervention in Libya (/wiki/2011_military_intervention_in_Libya) Mali War (/wiki/Mali_War) Yemeni Civil War (2014–present) (/wiki/Yemeni_Civil_War_(2014%E2%80%93present)) 2015–2016 protests in Brazil (/wiki/2015%E2%80%932016_protests_in_Brazil) Egyptian revolution of 2011 (/wiki/Egyptian_revolution_of_2011) Orlando nightclub shooting (/wiki/Orlando_nightclub_shooting) 2013 Egyptian coup d'état (/wiki/2013_Egyptian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat) 2014 Thai coup d'état (/wiki/2014_Thai_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat) First impeachment of Donald Trump (/wiki/First_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump) Resignation of Pope Benedict XVI (/wiki/Resignation_of_Pope_Benedict_XVI) Death and state funeral of Fidel Castro (/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Fidel_Castro) 2015 Mina stampede (/wiki/2015_Mina_stampede) Death and funeral of Margaret Thatcher (/wiki/Death_and_funeral_of_Margaret_Thatcher) Kiss nightclub fire (/wiki/Kiss_nightclub_fire) Sinking of MV Nyerere (/wiki/Sinking_of_MV_Nyerere) 2010 Haiti earthquake (/wiki/2010_Haiti_earthquake) 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami (/wiki/2011_T%C5%8Dhoku_earthquake_and_tsunami) Typhoon Haiyan (/wiki/Typhoon_Haiyan) 2011 Super Outbreak (/wiki/2011_Super_Outbreak) 2015 South India floods (/wiki/2015_South_India_floods) 2011–2017 California drought (/wiki/2011%E2%80%932017_California_drought) 2019 Whakaari / White Island eruption (/wiki/2019_Whakaari_/_White_Island_eruption) 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) Brexit (/wiki/Brexit) Tea Party movement (/wiki/Tea_Party_movement) Occupy Wall Street (/wiki/Occupy_Wall_Street) 2012 United States presidential election (/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election) 2016 United States presidential election (/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election) Black Lives Matter (/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter) 2010 Winter Olympics (/wiki/2010_Winter_Olympics) 2012 Summer Olympics (/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics) 2014 Winter Olympics (/wiki/2014_Winter_Olympics) 2016 Summer Olympics (/wiki/2016_Summer_Olympics) 2018 Winter Olympics (/wiki/2018_Winter_Olympics) Eighth generation of video game consoles (/wiki/Eighth_generation_of_video_game_consoles) iPhone (/wiki/IPhone) 2011 Canadian federal election (/wiki/2011_Canadian_federal_election) 2015 Canadian federal election (/wiki/2015_Canadian_federal_election) 2019 Canadian federal election (/wiki/2019_Canadian_federal_election) iPad (/wiki/IPad) BTS (/wiki/BTS) Gangnam Style (/wiki/Gangnam_Style) Despacito (/wiki/Despacito) See You Again (/wiki/See_You_Again) Pokémon Go (/wiki/Pok%C3%A9mon_Go) Deepwater Horizon oil spill (/wiki/Deepwater_Horizon_oil_spill) Hurricane Maria (/wiki/Hurricane_Maria) Frozen (2013 film) (/wiki/Frozen_(2013_film)) Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation (/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation) Unite the Right rally (/wiki/Unite_the_Right_rally) Death and state funeral of George H. W. Bush (/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_George_H._W._Bush) Minecraft (/wiki/Minecraft) 2015–16 Zika virus epidemic (/wiki/2015%E2%80%9316_Zika_virus_epidemic) Mumble rap (/wiki/Mumble_rap) Vine (service) (/wiki/Vine_(service)) MeToo movement (/wiki/MeToo_movement) Trumpism (/wiki/Trumpism) Game of Thrones (/wiki/Game_of_Thrones) Mannequin Challenge (/wiki/Mannequin_Challenge) YouTuber (/wiki/YouTuber) Tinder (app) (/wiki/Tinder_(app)) Nintendo 3DS (/wiki/Nintendo_3DS) Wii U (/wiki/Wii_U) Xbox One (/wiki/Xbox_One) PlayStation 4 (/wiki/PlayStation_4) Sidemen (/wiki/Sidemen) Nintendo Switch (/wiki/Nintendo_Switch) Twitch (service) (/wiki/Twitch_(service)) 2017–2018 North Korea crisis (/wiki/2017%E2%80%932018_North_Korea_crisis) Marvel Cinematic Universe (/wiki/Marvel_Cinematic_Universe) Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Conor McGregor (/wiki/Floyd_Mayweather_Jr._vs._Conor_McGregor) General images The following are images from various 2010s-related articles on Wikipedia. The A-line dress made a comeback in 2013. Hemlines also became shorter than they were in the early 2010s. (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Pippa Middleton (/wiki/Pippa_Middleton) 's form-fitting dress caused a sensation at the wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton (/wiki/Wedding_of_Prince_William_and_Catherine_Middleton) (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) David Guetta (/wiki/David_Guetta) (left) performing for BBC Radio 1 (/wiki/BBC_Radio_1) in 2007 (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Greece and Eurozone's rise of debt in the early years of the decade (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Ouya (/wiki/Ouya) (2012) (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) The war-torn (/wiki/War_in_Donbas_(2014%E2%80%932022)) ruins (/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Donetsk_Airport) of Donetsk International Airport (/wiki/Donetsk_International_Airport) in late December 2014 (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Jürgen Mossack (/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Mossack) , co-founder of Mossack Fonseca (/wiki/Mossack_Fonseca) , which shut down in light of revelations from the Panama Papers (/wiki/Panama_Papers) . (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) PlayStation 4 (/wiki/PlayStation_4) (2013) (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) Osama bin Laden (/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden) (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) gained global popularity in the 2010s, due in part to her hushed vocal style. (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Nvidia Shield Portable (/wiki/Nvidia_Shield_Portable) (2013) (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) Vetusta Morla (/wiki/Vetusta_Morla) (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Woman wearing teal blazer and dress (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) A video game is used during a physical therapy session at the Naval Health Clinic in Charleston. (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) Devastation in Mosul (/wiki/Mosul) 's old city after recapture from ISIL in 2017 (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Nintendo Switch (/wiki/Nintendo_Switch) (2017) (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) Xi Jinping (/wiki/Xi_Jinping) became China's leader (/wiki/Paramount_leader) for life (/wiki/President_for_Life) in 2018. (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Indian actress Sameera Reddy (/wiki/Sameera_Reddy) wearing contrasting black and white top (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) A woman wearing a jean jacket in 2015 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Barbadian artist Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) had the most songs top the Billboard Hot 100 (/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100) chart in the 2010s (nine). (from 2010s in culture (/wiki/2010s_in_culture) ) Braided hair is popular in Europe, especially in France, Ukraine and Russia. (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Various slim-fit jeans worn by men (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Pitbull (/wiki/Pitbull_(rapper)) and Enrique Iglesias (/wiki/Enrique_Iglesias) recorded a remix version of the album track " Dirty Dancer (/wiki/Dirty_Dancer) " was released as the fourth English single and became his ninth Hot Dance Club Play chart topper, tying with Prince and Michael Jackson as the male with the most No. 1 dance singles. (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) was declared the Artist of the Decade of the 2010s by Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) . (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Men's polo shirts in more muted colors, 2015 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) In the 2010s, British girl group Little Mix (/wiki/Little_Mix) was cited for helping the girl band renaissance in the UK during the late 00s and into the early 10s. They are also recognized as one of the most successful girl groups from that decade. (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) In 2014 the One World Trade Center (/wiki/One_World_Trade_Center) opened its doors in the Financial District (/wiki/Financial_District,_Manhattan) of Manhattan, serving as a replacement to the original World Trade Center Twin Towers that were destroyed in 2001. On the 10th anniversary of 9/11 in 2011 (the same year Osama bin Laden (/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden) was killed), the 9/11 Memorial (/wiki/9/11_Memorial) was opened. (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Woman wearing colored skinny jeans (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) The Japanese group AKB48 (/wiki/AKB48) is one of the most successful J-pop artists. (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Psy (/wiki/Psy) 's song " Gangnam Style (/wiki/Gangnam_Style) " broke the record for the most number of YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) views during 2012 until 2017. (from 2010s in culture (/wiki/2010s_in_culture) ) TobyMac (/wiki/TobyMac) 's 2012 album Eye on It (/wiki/Eye_on_It) became the third Christian album to ever debut at number 1 on the Billboard 200 (/wiki/Billboard_200) . (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Man wearing hypebeast fashion (/wiki/Hypebeast_(subculture)) . (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) A young woman in a white crop top, 2015 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) performing live in 2016 (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Women wearing contemporary outfits at a 2015 fashion show (/wiki/Fashion_show) (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Nickelback (/wiki/Nickelback) in May 2006 (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) 3D printed (/wiki/3D_printed) model of a human liver (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) 2011 IIHF World Championship (/wiki/2011_IIHF_World_Championship) gold medal celebrations in Finland (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Streetwear fashion in 2017. (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Man wearing fedora hat, 2017 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Mexican student wearing a casual outfit: a jacket (/wiki/Jacket) , black jeans (/wiki/Jeans) and loafers (/wiki/Slip-on_shoe) , 2017 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Indian children, 2015 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Malala Yousafzai (/wiki/Malala_Yousafzai) (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Xperia Play (/wiki/Xperia_Play) (2011) (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) Woman wearing popular athleisure (/wiki/Athleisure) trends. (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Orlando Bloom (/wiki/Orlando_Bloom) with Samurai bun (/wiki/Samurai_bun) , 2014 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Girl in microskirt, Lisbon, 2012 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Bowler hat (/wiki/Bowler_hat) worn by an increasing number of British professionals (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Chinese women in Ireland, 2016 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Unscheduled change of governments in Euro countries (marked red) due to crisis (from 2010s in political history (/wiki/2010s_in_political_history) ) Three girls with multicolored seapunk (/wiki/Seapunk) inspired hair (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Canadian singer The Weeknd (/wiki/The_Weeknd) , 2018 (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) J Balvin (/wiki/J_Balvin) in 2018 (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) The Arab Spring (/wiki/Arab_Spring) saw mass unrest in the Arab world (/wiki/Arab_world) early in the decade: Government overthrown multiple times Government overthrown Civil war Protests and governmental changes Major protests Minor protests Other protests and militant action outside the Arab world (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Good Charlotte (/wiki/Good_Charlotte) performing in 2011 (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Jay Chou in 2013 (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Sports anchor wearing little black dress (/wiki/Little_black_dress) and knee-high boots (/wiki/Knee-high_boot) , Mexico, 2010 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) K-pop star B.I (/wiki/B.I_(rapper)) sporting an undercut (/wiki/Undercut_(hairstyle)) hairstyle, 2016 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Casting Crowns (/wiki/Casting_Crowns) (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) American rapper Kendrick Lamar (/wiki/Kendrick_Lamar) (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Actress Jennifer Lawrence (/wiki/Jennifer_Lawrence) sporting a loosened wavy hairstyle, 2011 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Concerns over economic inequality (/wiki/Economic_inequality) , greed and the influence of corporations on government led to the rise of the Occupy Wall Street (/wiki/Occupy_Wall_Street) movement in 2011 (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Robe (/wiki/Robe) and kaftan (/wiki/Kaftan) for slightly overweight gentleman in Götgatan (/wiki/G%C3%B6tgatan) of Stockholm, 2018 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Foo Fighters (/wiki/Foo_Fighters) performing live in 2007 (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) K-Pop singer Psy (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) A woman in bra-shaped top and mini-shorts in Germany, 2013 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Xbox One (/wiki/Xbox_One) (2013) (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) Natalia Lafourcade (/wiki/Natalia_Lafourcade) (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Mumford & Sons (/wiki/Mumford_%26_Sons) were considered one of the most successful British bands of the early 2010s. (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) performing in Hong Kong in May 2011 (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Portuguese hipster, 2014 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Robyn (/wiki/Robyn) , the Swedish singer, songwriter, record producer and DJ. (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Nintendo 3DS (/wiki/Nintendo_3DS) (2011) (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) 28 February 2014: following the removal of pro-Russian Ukrainian president Viktor Yanukovych (/wiki/Viktor_Yanukovych) from office, Russia annexed the Crimean Peninsula (/wiki/Crimea) from Ukraine (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) English-Irish boy band One Direction (/wiki/One_Direction) with preppy (/wiki/Preppy) -inspired outfits in 2012 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) An example of Smart Casual Dress (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Flag map of the world from 2015 (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Woman in a red miniskirt and green cardigan crop, 2012 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Somali man wearing waistcoat, tuque (/wiki/Tuque) and polar fleece (/wiki/Polar_fleece) (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) American teenager with hi-top fade (/wiki/Hi-top_fade) and distressed acid wash (/wiki/Acid_wash) denim (/wiki/Denim) vest (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Alan Jackson (/wiki/Alan_Jackson) (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) American man wearing a boater (/wiki/Boater) hat in 2017 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Wii U (/wiki/Wii_U) (2012) (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) Boat shoes (/wiki/Boat_shoe) associated with the preppy (/wiki/Preppy) look (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Kinect (/wiki/Kinect) (2010), accessory for the Xbox 360 (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) Google Stadia (/wiki/Google_Stadia) controller (2019) (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) The 2014 Hong Kong protests (/wiki/2014_Hong_Kong_protests) (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) A man and a delivery robot waiting at a pedestrian crossing in Redwood City, California (/wiki/Redwood_City,_California) , United States (/wiki/United_States) . E-commerce (/wiki/E-commerce) spurred advancements in drone delivery (/wiki/Delivery_drone) and transformed parts of the services and retail sectors (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) The Parade of Nations (/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics_opening_ceremony) at the 2012 Summer Olympics (/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics) (from 2010s in culture (/wiki/2010s_in_culture) ) John Mayer (/wiki/John_Mayer) (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Scene kid with short hardcore punk (/wiki/Hardcore_punk#Clothing_style) -inspired hair (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) American rapper Playboi Carti (/wiki/Playboi_Carti) (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Islamic (/wiki/Islamic) dress incorporating Western influences, fashionable from 2011 to 2018 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) American rapper and singer XXXTentacion (/wiki/XXXTentacion) (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Girl wearing steampunk (/wiki/Steampunk) costume, including goggles (/wiki/Goggles) and pith helmet (/wiki/Pith_helmet) (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) For over 15 months it was unclear what exactly happened to Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 (/wiki/Malaysia_Airlines_Flight_370) until at the end of July 2015 a few remnants of the plane swept to the shores of the island of Réunion (/wiki/R%C3%A9union) (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) A man with sleeve tattoos, beard and flannel shirt, mid 2010s (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) BRICS (/wiki/BRICS) , a supranational economic cooperative comprising five major emerging national economies (/wiki/Emerging_market) —Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa—grew to represent over 3.1 billion people, or about 41 percent of the world population by 2015. (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Country pop music duo Dan + Shay (/wiki/Dan_%2B_Shay) (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) LeBron James (/wiki/LeBron_James) , a sports icon of the decade, is the only NBA player to have won four championships with three separate franchises. (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Edward Snowden (/wiki/Edward_Snowden) , former NSA (/wiki/National_Security_Agency) employee who revealed a large number of global surveillance programs. (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) David Beckham (/wiki/David_Beckham) sporting an undercut hairstyle, 2012 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Jamal Khashoggi (/wiki/Jamal_Khashoggi) (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Australian rapper Iggy Azalea (/wiki/Iggy_Azalea) (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) The British boy band One Direction (/wiki/One_Direction) in their Up All Night Tour, 2012 (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Samsung Galaxy Note (/wiki/Samsung_Galaxy_Note) (2011) (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) American man wearing a slim-fitting flannel shirt, a beard, and an undercut, 2019. Sleeve tattoos (/wiki/Sleeve_tattoo) can be seen. (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) In red: the area controlled by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant) (ISIL) proto-state in December 2014 (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Avocado (/wiki/Avocado) salad, tomato and salsa on a toasted baguette. (from 2010s in culture (/wiki/2010s_in_culture) ) On 10 April 2010 a Tupolev Tu-154 aircraft of the Polish Air Force crashed in Russia (/wiki/2010_Polish_Air_Force_Tu-154_crash) with the Polish President Lech Kaczynski (/wiki/Lech_Kaczynski) and 95 other passengers including many senior officials (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Tourist couple wearing casual clothes (/wiki/Casual_clothes) in Georgia (U.S), 2015 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) A poster used during the Occupy Wall Street (/wiki/Occupy_Wall_Street) movements with the phrase "We are the 99%". The movement was against the economic inequality and the influence of money in politics. US President Barack Obama (/wiki/Barack_Obama) claimed the movement would help "Americans express their frustrations", while Vice President Joe Biden remarked: "The middle class has been screwed." (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) German fashion designer Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) , 2011 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Egyptian man wearing a sports shirt and a hat, 2019 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Woman wearing bikini top and jeans in USA, 2010. (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) PlayStation Move (/wiki/PlayStation_Move) (2010), accessory for the PlayStation 3 (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) The weighted capital city residential property price index, produced by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, since 2003 (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) In 2013, China launched the ambitious Belt and Road (/wiki/Belt_and_Road_Initiative) infrastructure initiative, with over 150 countries announcing participation by the end of the decade. (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Rapper Macklemore (/wiki/Macklemore) sporting an undercut (/wiki/Undercut_(hairstyle)) . (from 2010s in culture (/wiki/2010s_in_culture) ) Tool (/wiki/Tool_(band)) 's live performances in 2006 included an elaborate light show using 10,000 Days artwork by painter Alex Grey (/wiki/Alex_Grey) as a backdrop. (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Adele (/wiki/Adele) during this decade established herself as the best selling British female artist of all time. Her 21 (/wiki/21_(Adele_album)) (2011) and 25 (/wiki/25_(Adele_album)) (2015) became two of the best selling albums of the 2010s. (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) A man wearing pullover hoodie and a snapback cap in 2015 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) iPad (2010) and other tablet-PCs (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) Brazilian President (/wiki/President_of_Brazil) Jair Bolsonaro (/wiki/Jair_Bolsonaro) and United States President (/wiki/President_of_the_United_States) Donald Trump (/wiki/Donald_Trump) in 2019. Both are emblematic of a wave of neo-nationalist (/wiki/Neo-nationalism) and globalisation (/wiki/Globalisation) -weary conservative (/wiki/Conservative_wave) populism (/wiki/Populism#Late_20th-_and_early_21st-century_growth) in the second half of the decade. (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Typical late 2010s fashion of Australian band 5 Seconds of Summer (/wiki/5_Seconds_of_Summer) in 2018 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Imagine Dragons (/wiki/Imagine_Dragons) were an instant success after the release of their debut album, Night Visions (/wiki/Night_Visions) . (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Grammy Award (/wiki/Grammy_Award) -winning Skrillex (/wiki/Skrillex) in 2011 (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) North Korean leader Kim Jong-un (/wiki/Kim_Jong-un) and U.S. President Donald Trump (/wiki/Donald_Trump) meet during the first North Korea–United States summit (/wiki/2018_North_Korea%E2%80%93United_States_Singapore_Summit) in Singapore (/wiki/Singapore) , June 2018 (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) The PlayStation 4 (/wiki/PlayStation_4) was released in November 2013 and is the best-selling gaming console of the decade (100+ million units sold worldwide ). (from 2010s in culture (/wiki/2010s_in_culture) ) Influencer Kylie Jenner (/wiki/Kylie_Jenner) wearing make-up popular in the latter part of the decade. (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) President Barack Obama (/wiki/Barack_Obama) and family in 2013 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Ed Hardy (/wiki/Ed_Hardy) clothes popular among men, women and children from 2008 to 2012 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Polish youth attending a rock music festival, 2011 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Polish women wearing boho (/wiki/Boho-chic) - or hippie (/wiki/Hippie) -inspired dresses, floral prints and peasant blouses (/wiki/Peasant_blouse) , 2014 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Syrian and Iraqi refugees arriving in Greece (/wiki/Greece) . In the 2010s Europe had been severely affected by a huge migration (/wiki/European_migrant_crisis) from Africa (/wiki/Africa) and Middle East (/wiki/Middle_East) (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Musician Harry Styles (/wiki/Harry_Styles) sporting a wings haircut in 2012. (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Edwardian (/wiki/Edwardian_era) -style Windowpane tweed (/wiki/Tweed_(cloth)) suit worn in England in the early 2010s (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Tom Brady (/wiki/Tom_Brady) with the Vince Lombardi Trophy (/wiki/Vince_Lombardi_Trophy) following Super Bowl LI (/wiki/Super_Bowl_LI) , 6 February 2017 (from 2010s in culture (/wiki/2010s_in_culture) ) Sam Smith (/wiki/Sam_Smith) , a photograph from the Lollapalooza concert held in 2015 (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Peruvian hats (/wiki/Peruvian_hat) for the American export market (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Protesters in Tahrir Square (/wiki/Tahrir_Square) during the Egyptian revolution of 2011 (/wiki/Egyptian_revolution_of_2011) . (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Nintendo's Wii (2010) was the best selling console of the seventh generation, selling 924.00 million units. (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) was a fashion icon of the era (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Fall Out Boy (/wiki/Fall_Out_Boy) (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) South African model Candice Swanepoel (/wiki/Candice_Swanepoel) wearing pantywaist top (/wiki/Pantywaist_top) and bodycon (/wiki/Bodycon) skirt, 2010 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Japanese (/wiki/Japan) slim fitting three piece grey suit with window pane check, mid to late 2010s (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) American rapper Tyga (/wiki/Tyga) in 2013 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Justin Timberlake (/wiki/Justin_Timberlake) performing on his 20/20 Experience Tour in Charlotte, North Carolina (/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina) (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Woman wearing makeup popular in the mid-2010s. (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Women in casuals (/wiki/Casual_attire) relaxing at a park in USA, 2010 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) In 2017 Gloria Trevi (/wiki/Gloria_Trevi) collaborated with fellow Mexican artist Alejandra Guzmán (/wiki/Alejandra_Guzm%C3%A1n) for the album Versus. (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) P5+1 (/wiki/P5%2B1) and Iranian (/wiki/Iran) negotiators meeting in Geneva (/wiki/Geneva) for the interim agreement on the Iranian nuclear programme (/wiki/Geneva_interim_agreement_on_the_Iranian_nuclear_programme) (2013) (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Kesha (/wiki/Kesha) performing on the American television program Today (/wiki/Today_(American_TV_program)) in 2012 (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Jing Ulrich (/wiki/Jing_Ulrich) , a prominent global leader in finance, wearing brightly colored 1980s-inspired dress, 2012 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) A Community Programs team wearing casual attire in 2019 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Example of Lumbersexual fashion, 2016 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Oculus Rift VR-display (2012), accessory (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) Burj Khalifa (/wiki/Burj_Khalifa) , tallest building when completed in 2010. (from 2010s in culture (/wiki/2010s_in_culture) ) Nintendo Switch (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) Kim Kardashian (/wiki/Kim_Kardashian) wearing an off-the-shoulder top in 2017. (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Man wearing shawl collar (/wiki/Shawl_collar) cardigan (/wiki/Cardigan_(sweater)) and hipster-inspired beard (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Muse (/wiki/Muse_(band)) (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Ed Sheeran (/wiki/Ed_Sheeran) , a photograph from a concert at the V Festival held in 2014 (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Anti-Ghaddafi (/wiki/National_Transitional_Council) fighters celebrate during the Libyan Civil War (/wiki/Libyan_Civil_War_(2011)) . (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Sơn Tùng M-TP (/wiki/S%C6%A1n_T%C3%B9ng_M-TP) (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Steam Controller (/wiki/Steam_Controller) (2015) (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) was one of the most successful country artists of the 2010s. Her albums Speak Now (/wiki/Speak_Now) (2010) and Red (/wiki/Red_(Taylor_Swift_album)) (2012) topped charts and opened with more than a million copies sold in their first weeks. (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) Billy Ray Cyrus (/wiki/Billy_Ray_Cyrus) (from 2010s in music (/wiki/2010s_in_music) ) An example of an e-girl's aesthetic (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Brazilian indie pop (/wiki/Indie_pop) group Restart (/wiki/Restart_(band)) wearing "colorido" fashion, popular for most of the early 2010s in Brazil (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Russian farmer family in 2010 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) PlayStation Vita (/wiki/PlayStation_Vita) (2011) (from 2010s in video games (/wiki/2010s_in_video_games) ) Brazilian hipster girl wearing leg warmers (/wiki/Leg_warmer) and knitted sweater dress, also sporting vibrant hair (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Gyaru (/wiki/Gyaru) fashion in Japan, 2011 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Athleisure fashion, 2017 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Business casual (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Two women wearing flared trousers (/wiki/Flared_trousers) , jeggings (/wiki/Jeggings) and oversized cardigans (/wiki/Cardigan_(sweater)) (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Pope Francis (/wiki/Pope_Francis) with U.S. President (/wiki/President_of_the_United_States) Barack Obama (/wiki/Barack_Obama) , 2014 (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Algerian (/wiki/Algeria) protesters gather during the 2019 "Smile Revolution" (/wiki/2019_Algerian_protests) (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) German woman wearing hooded fur coat (/wiki/Fur_coat) (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Mid 2010s Ugandan (/wiki/Ugandan) fashion (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Women to drive movement (/wiki/Women_to_drive_movement) : Women's rights in Saudi Arabia (/wiki/Women%27s_rights_in_Saudi_Arabia) made progress when women were allowed to drive in the kingdom in 2018. (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) A man wearing a leather Supreme snapback hat while taking a photograph in 2016 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) From top left, clockwise: Anti-government protests called the Arab Spring (/wiki/Arab_Spring) arose in 2010–2011, and as a result, many governments were overthrown, including when Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi (/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi) was killed (/wiki/Death_of_Muammar_Gaddafi) ; Crimea (/wiki/Crimea) is annexed (/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation) by Russia in 2014; ISIS/ISIL (/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq_and_the_Levant) perpetrates terrorist attacks and captures territory in Syria and Iraq; climate change (/wiki/Climate_change) awareness and the Paris Agreement (/wiki/Paris_Agreement) ; the Event Horizon Telescope (/wiki/Event_Horizon_Telescope) captures the first image of a black hole (/wiki/Black_hole) in 2019; Obergefell v. Hodges (/wiki/Obergefell_v._Hodges) legalizes same-sex marriage (/wiki/Same-sex_marriage) in the United States in 2015, marking continuing progress for LGBT rights (/wiki/LGBT_rights) in developed countries (/wiki/Developed_countries) ; increasing use of digital media (/wiki/Digital_media) and rise of mobile devices (/wiki/Post-PC_era) ; the UK (/wiki/United_Kingdom) votes to leave (/wiki/Brexit) the EU (/wiki/European_Union) in 2016 on a rising tide of populism (/wiki/Populism) throughout the decade. (from 2010s (/wiki/2010s) ) Women's 1970s inspired outfit from 2018 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Ombre hair was popular during the decade. (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Norwegian man in slim fitting velvet (/wiki/Velvet) jacket, 2019 (from 2010s in fashion (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) ) Image 1 Image 2 Image 3 Image 4 Image 5 Image 6 Image 7 Image 8 Image 9 Image 10 Image 11 Image 12 Image 13 Image 14 Image 15 Image 16 Image 17 Image 18 Image 19 Image 20 Image 21 Image 22 Image 23 Image 24 Image 25 Image 26 Image 27 Image 28 Image 29 Image 30 Image 31 Image 32 Image 33 Image 34 Image 35 Image 36 Image 37 Image 38 Image 39 Image 40 Image 41 Image 42 Image 43 Image 44 Image 45 Image 46 Image 47 Image 48 Image 49 Image 50 Image 51 Image 52 Image 53 Image 54 Image 55 Image 56 Image 57 Image 58 Image 59 Image 60 Image 61 Image 62 Image 63 Image 64 Image 65 Image 66 Image 67 Image 68 Image 69 Image 70 Image 71 Image 72 Image 73 Image 74 Image 75 Image 76 Image 77 Image 78 Image 79 Image 80 Image 81 Image 82 Image 83 Image 84 Image 85 Image 86 Image 87 Image 88 Image 89 Image 90 Image 91 Image 92 Image 93 Image 94 Image 95 Image 96 Image 97 Image 98 Image 99 Image 100 Image 101 Image 102 Image 103 Image 104 Image 105 Image 106 Image 107 Image 108 Image 109 Image 110 Image 111 Image 112 Image 113 Image 114 Image 115 Image 116 Image 117 Image 118 Image 119 Image 120 Image 121 Image 122 Image 123 Image 124 Image 125 Image 126 Image 127 Image 128 Image 129 Image 130 Image 131 Image 132 Image 133 Image 134 Image 135 Image 136 Image 137 Image 138 Image 139 Image 140 Image 141 Image 142 Image 143 Image 144 Image 145 Image 146 Image 147 Image 148 Image 149 Image 150 Image 151 Image 152 Image 153 Image 154 Image 155 Image 156 Image 157 Image 158 Image 159 Image 160 Image 161 Image 162 Image 163 Image 164 Image 165 Image 166 Image 167 Image 168 Image 169 Image 170 Image 171 Image 172 Image 173 Image 174 Image 175 Image 176 Image 177 Image 178 Image 179 Image 180 Image 181 Image 182 Image 183 Image 184 Image 185 Image 186 Image 187 Show all Selected biography Official portrait, 2021 Scott John Morrison (/wiki/Scott_Morrison) (born 13 May 1968) is an Australian former politician who served as the 30th prime minister of Australia (/wiki/Prime_minister_of_Australia) from 2018 to 2022. He held office as leader of the Liberal Party of Australia (/wiki/Leader_of_the_Liberal_Party_of_Australia) and was the member of parliament (/wiki/Member_of_parliament) (MP) for the New South Wales (/wiki/New_South_Wales) division of Cook (/wiki/Division_of_Cook) from 2007 until 2024. Morrison was born in Sydney (/wiki/Sydney) and studied economic geography (/wiki/Economic_geography) at the University of New South Wales (/wiki/University_of_New_South_Wales) . He worked as director of the New Zealand Office of Tourism and Sport from 1998 to 2000 and was managing director of Tourism Australia (/wiki/Tourism_Australia) from 2004 to 2006. Morrison also was state director of the New South Wales Liberal Party (/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Australia_(New_South_Wales_Division)) from 2000 to 2004. He was first elected to the Australian House of Representatives (/wiki/Australian_House_of_Representatives) at the 2007 election (/wiki/2007_Australian_federal_election) as a member of parliament (/wiki/Member_of_parliament) (MP) for the division of Cook (/wiki/Division_of_Cook) in New South Wales, and was quickly appointed to the shadow cabinet (/wiki/Shadow_cabinet_of_Australia) . ( Full article... 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Rome (/wiki/Glory_to_Rome) , despite being well-received, led to its publisher's bankruptcy in the mid-2010s and has been out of print since? ... that the Taylor Swift masters controversy (/wiki/Taylor_Swift_masters_controversy) was described by Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) as one of the "most important moments" in music of the 2010s? ... that Manoj Kumar (/wiki/Manoj_Kumar_(boxer)) and Raj Kumar (/wiki/Raj_Kumar_(badminton)) had to win cases at the Delhi High Court (/wiki/Delhi_High_Court) to be awarded the Arjuna Award sporting honour in the 2010s (/wiki/List_of_Arjuna_Award_recipients_(2010%E2%80%932019)) ? ... that despite being excluded from the standard edition of 1989 (/wiki/1989_(Taylor_Swift_album)) , " New Romantics (/wiki/New_Romantics_(song)) " by Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) was named one of the best songs of the 2010s decade by Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) ? ... that Paul English (/wiki/Paul_M._English) , co-founder of Kayak (/wiki/Kayak_(company)) , offered to pay for the vaccination of 100,000 people during the cholera outbreak (/wiki/2010s_Haiti_cholera_outbreak) following the 2010 Haiti earthquake (/wiki/2010_Haiti_earthquake) if other funding could not be secured? 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For the businesswoman and scammer, see Elizabeth Holmes (/wiki/Elizabeth_Holmes) . American writer and journalist Elizabeth Holmes Born 1980 (age 43–44) Occupation writer, political reporter Nationality American Alma mater Columbia University (/wiki/Columbia_University) Spouse Matthew Stuart Children 3 Elizabeth Holmes (born 1980) [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) is an American writer and journalist based in San Francisco, California. Known for her coverage of British royal (/wiki/British_royal_family) style and fashion messaging, [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) her bestselling debut book, HRH: So Many Thoughts on Royal Style , was published in November 2020. [3] (#cite_note-:4-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) Her work has also appeared in The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) , Town & Country (/wiki/Town_%26_Country_(magazine)) , Real Simple (/wiki/Real_Simple) , and InStyle (/wiki/InStyle) . [5] (#cite_note-:5-5) [6] (#cite_note-:6-6) [7] (#cite_note-:7-7) [8] (#cite_note-:8-8) Early life and education [ edit ] Holmes graduated from St. Olaf College (/wiki/St._Olaf_College) in Northfield, Minnesota and received a master’s in journalism from the Graduate School of Journalism at Columbia University (/wiki/Columbia_University) . [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Journalism [ edit ] In 2006, Holmes started at The Wall Street Journal (/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal) as a reporting assistant and then became a political reporter following John McCain (/wiki/John_McCain) , Sarah Palin (/wiki/Sarah_Palin) , and Mitt Romney (/wiki/Mitt_Romney) throughout the 2008 presidential campaign (/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election) . [9] (#cite_note-:3-9) After the election, Holmes joined The Wall Street Journal' s corporate team, reporting on major retailers and apparel makers. [9] (#cite_note-:3-9) Her final role at The Wall Street Journal was as a senior style reporter and columnist focusing on the business of fashion and beauty. While at The Wall Street Journal , Holmes hosted a how-to web video series, #THIS , with Elizabeth Holmes. [9] (#cite_note-:3-9) In 2017, Holmes transitioned to a freelance career, contributing regularly to The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) , Town & Country (/wiki/Town_%26_Country_(magazine)) , Real Simple (/wiki/Real_Simple) , and InStyle (/wiki/InStyle) . [5] (#cite_note-:5-5) [6] (#cite_note-:6-6) [7] (#cite_note-:7-7) [8] (#cite_note-:8-8) "So Many Thoughts" [ edit ] Holmes started the Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) series "So Many Thoughts", a sartorial commentary series on the British royal family (/wiki/British_royal_family) on Instagram Stories (/wiki/Instagram_Stories) in 2017. [3] (#cite_note-:4-3) The series annotates pictures of the Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge (/wiki/Catherine,_Duchess_of_Cambridge) and Meghan, Duchess of Sussex (/wiki/Meghan,_Duchess_of_Sussex) , with a focus on decoding the messages behind royal fashion choices. In the podcast Second Life by the website Who What Wear (/w/index.php?title=Who_What_Wear&action=edit&redlink=1) , Holmes explains, "Sometimes people ask, 'Why do you care so much about what they're wearing?' I care because they care, because they're putting a lot of thought into it because they recognize, good or bad, that this attention is there. And they're going to harness it to further their purpose." [10] (#cite_note-10) The series won a Webby Award in 2019. [11] (#cite_note-11) Holmes has also written feature articles covering the portrayal of the British aristocracy in TV and film, including The Crown (/wiki/The_Crown_(TV_series)) and Downton Abbey (/wiki/Downton_Abbey) . [6] (#cite_note-:6-6) [12] (#cite_note-12) In November 2020, Holmes published her first book, HRH: So Many Thoughts on Royal Style , which expands on her Instagram series. The book covers the style, branding, and positioning of Queen Elizabeth II (/wiki/Elizabeth_II) , Diana, Princess of Wales (/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales) , Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, and Meghan, Duchess of Sussex. [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) [13] (#cite_note-:9-13) HRH: So Many Thoughts on Royal Style made the New York Times Bestseller (/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Best_Seller_list) on the list for Nonfiction. In an interview with Parade (/wiki/Parade_(magazine)) magazine, Holmes explains that unraveling the meaning behind royal style choices shows respect to their efforts: “They need to impress and wow and draw attention to what they’re doing because it’s a real opportunity. And they’re looking at it as part of their duties. It contributes to the overall mission of serving the crown and the country, and when you look at fashion through that lens, it’s a really powerful thing.” [13] (#cite_note-:9-13) Personal life [ edit ] Holmes lives in San Francisco, California with her husband Matthew Stuart and three children. [14] (#cite_note-:2-14) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "Elizabeth Holmes, Matthew Stuart (Published 2011)" (https://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/07/fashion/weddings/elizabeth-holmes-matthew-stuart-weddings.html) . The New York Times . 2011-08-05. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2020-11-28 . ^ Jump up to: a b Burchfield, Rachel (16 November 2020). "Meghan Markle and Kate Middleton Send Messages Through Their Style—Here's How to Tell" (https://www.glamour.com/story/elizabeth-holmes-royals-style) . Glamour . Retrieved 2020-11-29 . ^ Jump up to: a b Hallemann, Caroline (2019-06-18). "Elizabeth Holmes's Royally Great "So Many Thoughts" Series Is Becoming a Book!" (https://www.townandcountrymag.com/leisure/arts-and-culture/a28071821/elizabeth-holmes-hrh-so-many-thoughts-royal-style-book-announcement/) . Town & Country . Retrieved 2020-11-29 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Rathe, Adam; Cantrell, Liz (2020-11-02). "Obama's New Memoir and a Deep Dive into Royal Fashion Are Two of November's Must Read Books" (https://www.townandcountrymag.com/leisure/arts-and-culture/g34415139/best-books-november-2020/) . Town & Country . Retrieved 2020-11-29 . ^ Jump up to: a b Holmes, Elizabeth (2019-04-03). "Plan a Careful Budget, Then Get Ready to Splurge (Published 2019)" (https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/03/travel/plan-a-careful-budget-then-get-ready-to-splurge.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2020-11-29 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Holmes, Elizabeth (2020-10-21). "A Royally Candid Interview with The Crown's Emma Corrin, Josh O'Connor, and Emerald Fennell" (https://www.townandcountrymag.com/leisure/arts-and-culture/a34301919/the-crown-emma-corrin-josh-o-connor-emerald-fennell-season-4-interview/) . Town & Country . Retrieved 2020-11-29 . ^ Jump up to: a b "What to Wear When the Dress Code is Confusing" (https://www.realsimple.com/beauty-fashion/clothing/dress-code-chaos) . Real Simple . Retrieved 2020-11-29 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Inside the Good, the Bad, and the Ugly of an IVF Experience" (https://www.instyle.com/news/ivf-pregnancy) . InStyle . Retrieved 2020-11-29 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Elizabeth Holmes - News, Articles, Biography, Photos - WSJ.com" (https://www.wsj.com/news/author/elizabeth-holmes) . WSJ . Retrieved 2020-11-29 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Faurote, Adrienne (9 November 2020). "Meet Elizabeth Holmes: Style Journalist and Author of HRH: So Many Thoughts" (https://www.whowhatwear.com/second-life-podcast-elizabeth-holmes) . Who What Wear . Retrieved 2020-11-29 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "NEW Webby Gallery + Index" (http://winners.webbyawards.com/2019/social/social-content-series-campaigns/fashion-beauty-series-campaigns/97123/so-many-thoughts) . NEW Webby Gallery + Index . Retrieved 2020-11-29 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Holmes, Elizabeth (2019-09-16). "Michelle Dockery, Allen Leech, and Laura Carmichael on Their Favorite Moment Shooting the New 'Downton Abbey' Movie" (https://www.townandcountrymag.com/leisure/arts-and-culture/a28917257/michelle-dockery-allen-leech-laura-carmichael-downton-abbey-movie-cast-interview-2019/) . Town & Country . Retrieved 2020-11-29 . ^ Jump up to: a b Melle, Megan O'Neill (2020-11-20). "How HRH Author Elizabeth Holmes Deciphers the Meaning Behind Every Royal Outfit" (https://parade.com/1122782/meganoneill/elizabeth-holmes-royal-fashion/) . Parade: Entertainment, Recipes, Health, Life, Holidays . Retrieved 2020-11-29 . ^ (#cite_ref-:2_14-0) "About" (https://www.byelizabethholmes.com/about) . By Elizabeth Holmes . Retrieved 2020-11-29 . 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Puerto Rican television personality, producer and fashion designer This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Franco_Lacosta) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Franco_Lacosta) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guideline for biographies (/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(people)) . Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing reliable secondary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) that are independent (/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources) of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be merged (/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging) , redirected (/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect) , or deleted (/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy) . Find sources: "Franco Lacosta" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Franco+Lacosta%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Franco+Lacosta%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Franco+Lacosta%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Franco+Lacosta%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Franco+Lacosta%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Franco+Lacosta%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( December 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This biography of a living person (/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons) relies too much on references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) to primary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons#Misuse_of_primary_sources) . 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Find sources: "Franco Lacosta" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Franco+Lacosta%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Franco+Lacosta%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Franco+Lacosta%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Franco+Lacosta%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Franco+Lacosta%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Franco+Lacosta%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( December 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Franco Lacosta born in New York City, New York (/wiki/New_York_City,_New_York) is a Puerto Rican (/wiki/Puerto_Ricans) television personality (/wiki/Television_personality) , writer, content creator, producer (/wiki/Television_producer) and fashion designer (/wiki/Designer) . [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) He has worked with networks such as ABC (/wiki/ABC_Studios) , NBC (/wiki/NBC) , CWTV (/wiki/The_CW) , Bravo (/wiki/Bravo_(U.S._TV_network)) , and NuvoTV (/wiki/NuvoTV) . He is best known for his on-camera appearances for TV shows including America's Next Top Model (/wiki/America%27s_Next_Top_Model) , [3] (#cite_note-3) Model Latina (/wiki/Model_Latina) , [4] (#cite_note-4) The Bachelor (/wiki/The_Bachelor_(U.S._TV_series)) , and The Bachelorette (/wiki/The_Bachelorette_(American_TV_series)) . Lacosta's menswear (/wiki/Menswear) designs are presented by New York (/wiki/New_York_City) Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week (/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Fashion_Week) . [5] (#cite_note-5) Television [ edit ] Franco's first on-camera appearance was WE's (/wiki/We_TV) Style Me with model Rachel Hunter (/wiki/Rachel_Hunter) ; a reality show where he competed as a stylist for the chance to win a contract and style Hunter for a red carpet event. [6] (#cite_note-6) Model Latina [ edit ] Franco was approached yet again, this time to create Model Latina (/wiki/Model_Latina) , a reality TV completion, the format similar to America's Next Top Model. Franco was a content creator, as well as judge and photographer for the competition. [ citation needed ] Franco was a judge for all 5 seasons, and was regarded as one of Model Latina's most popular judges. [7] (#cite_note-7) America's Next Top Model [ edit ] Franco was hired by Tyra Banks (/wiki/Tyra_Banks) for seasons 20 and 21 [8] (#cite_note-8) as a content creator and photographer. Franco was tasked with creating various challenges as well as photoshoot concepts and directing the commercial challenge portions. The Bachelor Franchise [ edit ] Franco served as a creative director, as well as the on-camera photographer for three seasons of The Bachelor (/wiki/The_Bachelor_(U.S._TV_series)) . Franco's unique style and energy [9] (#cite_note-9) on camera led to various articles and social media posts written about him, including one very infamous romper. [10] (#cite_note-10) He has also appeared in two seasons of The Bachelorette (/wiki/The_Bachelorette_(American_TV_series)) . Fashion design [ edit ] In 2013, Franco launched his namesake line, Franco Lacosta New York. [11] (#cite_note-11) His collections have been featured in various magazines and editorials such as W (/wiki/W_(magazine)) , GQ (/wiki/GQ) , Russian Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , Schon! (/wiki/Sch%C3%B6n!) , Playhous, Risbel, Male Model Scene, Desnudo, and others. [12] (#cite_note-12) He has made bespoke suits for several Broadway stars, including Tommy Tune (/wiki/Tommy_Tune) and Adam Lambert (/wiki/Adam_Lambert) . In 2017, he was named one of Elle's "10 Designers to Watch" during New York Fashion Week. [13] (#cite_note-13) In addition to fashion design, Franco creates his own textiles. He is currently developing a line for home interiors, that includes wall coverings, rugs, and furniture. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Franco Lacosta - Presentation - Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Fall 2015 Photos and Images \| Getty Images" (http://www.gettyimages.com/event/franco-lacosta-presentation-mercedes-benz-fashion-week-fall-2015-536386051#designer-franco-lacosta-poses-backstage-before-the-franco-lacosta-on-picture-id463550128) . www.gettyimages.com . Retrieved 2016-12-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Home" (http://francolacosta.com/) . FRANCO LACOSTA . Retrieved 2016-12-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) " (http://www.buddytv.com/articles/americas-next-top-model/americas-next-top-model-recap-54435.aspx) 'America's Next Top Model' Recap: The Top 14 Are Chosen" (http://www.buddytv.com/articles/americas-next-top-model/americas-next-top-model-recap-54435.aspx) . Retrieved 2016-12-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "El Nuevo Día" (http://www.elnuevodia.com/entretenimiento/tv/nota/buscalabellezadelasboricuas-1176483/) . www.elnuevodia.com . Retrieved 2016-12-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "NYFW: Men's 2015" (https://www.gq.com.mx/moda/articulos/new-york-fashion-week-mens-primavera-verano-2015/5215) . GQ Mexico . 2015-07-14 . Retrieved 2016-12-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Givhan, Robin (January 20, 2006). "On 'Style Me,' Survival of the Fittingest" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/01/19/AR2006011903241.html?noredirect=on) . Washington Post . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Model Latina Season 5 is making a Splash in South Beach... Are you ready?" (http://www.curvygirlonabudget.com/model-latina-season-5-is-making-a-splash-in-south-beach-are-you-ready/) . Curvy Girl On a Budget . 2012-05-27 . Retrieved 2019-01-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Franco Lacosta" (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm4559041/) . IMDb . Retrieved 2019-01-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) " (https://www.usmagazine.com/entertainment/news/bachelor-photographer-i-told-nick-viall-to-grab-corinne-w460875/) 'Bachelor' Photographer: I Told Nick Viall to 'Grab' Corinne's Chest" (https://www.usmagazine.com/entertainment/news/bachelor-photographer-i-told-nick-viall-to-grab-corinne-w460875/) . Us Weekly . 2017-01-12 . Retrieved 2019-01-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Mosthof, Mariella. "Franco Stole The Show On 'The Bachelor' (https://www.romper.com/p/who-is-franco-on-the-bachelor-the-wedding-shoot-photographer-stole-the-first-date-29196) " (https://www.romper.com/p/who-is-franco-on-the-bachelor-the-wedding-shoot-photographer-stole-the-first-date-29196) . Romper . Retrieved 2019-01-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "FRANCO" (http://www.francolacosta.com/about-me/) . FRANCO LACOSTA . Retrieved 2019-01-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "EDITORIALS" (http://www.francolacosta.com/editorial-2/) . FRANCO LACOSTA . Retrieved 2019-01-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Krentcil, Faran (2017-09-05). "10 Designers to Watch This New York Fashion Week" (https://www.elle.com/fashion/g12171039/new-nyfw-designers-fall-2017/) . ELLE . Retrieved 2019-01-24 . This Puerto Rican biographical article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Dress worn by Elizabeth Hurley "That Dress" redirects here. For the 2015 Internet meme, see The dress (/wiki/The_dress) . For other uses, see The Dress (/wiki/The_Dress_(disambiguation)) . Black Versace dress of Elizabeth Hurley Artist Versace (/wiki/Versace) Year 1994 ( 1994 ) Type "Safety-pin" black Versace (/wiki/Versace) dress English actress and model Elizabeth Hurley (/wiki/Elizabeth_Hurley) wore a black Versace (/wiki/Versace) dress, often referred to as " THAT Dress ", [1] (#cite_note-Grant2002-1) [2] (#cite_note-Pedersen2004-2) when she accompanied Hugh Grant (/wiki/Hugh_Grant) to the premiere of Four Weddings and a Funeral (/wiki/Four_Weddings_and_a_Funeral) in 1994. The dress was held together by several oversized gold safety pins (/wiki/Safety_pins) . [3] (#cite_note-Telegraph08-3) [4] (#cite_note-Waxler2004-4) The dress is one of Versace's best-known creations, [5] (#cite_note-WhiteGriffiths2000-5) along with Jennifer Lopez's green dress (/wiki/Green_Versace_dress_of_Jennifer_Lopez) , the inspiration for Google Image Search (/wiki/Google_Images) , and it is considered by some to be largely responsible for launching Hurley onto the global media stage. [3] (#cite_note-Telegraph08-3) [6] (#cite_note-Saren2006-6) [7] (#cite_note-:0-7) Background [ edit ] In advance of the premiere for Four Weddings and a Funeral and as a newcomer to high profile premieres, Grant had been told that he and his partner would be able to borrow designer clothing to wear to such an event. Inexperienced in such matters and relatively unknown, Hurley contacted various fashion houses asking for such a loan but was rebuffed several times because they did not know who she was. [8] (#cite_note-8) On contacting the Versace Flagship Store on Old Bond Street, Hurley spoke to Dean Aslett, Head of Womenswear and Atelier, and who was also at that time in charge of dresses lent out for press and promotional purposes. He agreed to do Hurley a favour and lend her a dress. Recognizing the favour, Hurley gave Aslett four tickets for the Premiere of "Four Weddings & A Funeral" that was taking place that very night. Aslett attended the Premiere with the Gianni Versace store manager, Sonja Boras and two other Versace employees, Cosimo Brancaccio & Adolpho Alvarado. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) Design [ edit ] The black dress was made from pieces of silk (/wiki/Silk) and lycra (/wiki/Lycra) fabric, with oversized gold safety pins at "strategical places". [11] (#cite_note-McRobbie1998-11) The dress was wide open at the front, from the neck down to halfway across the bosom, with two slimline straps on the shoulders. Each side featured a cut-away part, held together with six gold safety pins along the side, and one at the top of either cut-away, connecting it to the bosom section. The dress is said to be punk (/wiki/Punk_fashion) -inspired, "neo-punk", [5] (#cite_note-WhiteGriffiths2000-5) and sari-inspired (/wiki/Sari-inspired_dress) , something which "emerged from the sari (/wiki/Sari) development" according to Gianni Versace (/wiki/Gianni_Versace) himself. [2] (#cite_note-Pedersen2004-2) [12] (#cite_note-MartinVersace1997-12) Influence [ edit ] The dress is perhaps Versace's best-known creation, [5] (#cite_note-WhiteGriffiths2000-5) after Jennifer Lopez's green dress (/wiki/Green_Versace_dress_of_Jennifer_Lopez) , as it received considerable global coverage in newspapers and magazines around the world for a long time after the event and was credited with boosting Hurley's profile, propelling her from being almost unknown to worldwide media recognition. [3] (#cite_note-Telegraph08-3) [6] (#cite_note-Saren2006-6) [13] (#cite_note-Seal2007-13) Hurley has also been credited with making the Versace fashion brand a household name. [4] (#cite_note-Waxler2004-4) [14] (#cite_note-Gundle2008-14) The brand has since, with its omnipresent Medusa (/wiki/Medusa) -head logo, "defined the paradoxes of a controversial, new-generation feminism which celebrates empowerment in the act of attracting and manipulating a male gaze." [15] (#cite_note-metrovelvet-15) The dress topped a 2008 Debenhams (/wiki/Debenhams) ' poll that asked 3,000 women to select their favourite iconic red-carpet dress. [3] (#cite_note-Telegraph08-3) The dress was also celebrated for revolutionizing acceptable attire at red-carpet events, making it more acceptable for other actresses and celebrities to be more daring. [7] (#cite_note-:0-7) On Friday 17 March 1995, comedian Dawn French (/wiki/Dawn_French) wore a copy of the dress (over a white vest) in a sketch for the Comic Relief (/wiki/Comic_Relief) telethon (/wiki/Telethon) where she kissed Hugh Grant. [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) In 2007, a copy of the dress worn by Hurley was put on sale for the first time – with a price tag of £10,690 – at Harrods (/wiki/Harrods) , as part of an exhibition at the London store, dedicated to "the little black dress (/wiki/Little_black_dress) ." [18] (#cite_note-18) The exhibition included the famous black dress worn by Audrey Hepburn (/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn) in the 1963 movie Charade (/wiki/Charade_(1963_film)) , as part of the Harrods Timeless Luxury promotion. In 2012, pop singer Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) wore the dress to meet Donatella Versace (/wiki/Donatella_Versace) in Milan (/wiki/Milan) . [19] (#cite_note-19) Controversy [ edit ] Some viewed the dress as too lewd or distastefully revealing [20] (#cite_note-D'EpiroPinkowish2001-20) [21] (#cite_note-BruzziGibson2000-21) but Hurley replied that "Unlike many other designers, Versace designs clothes to celebrate the female form rather than eliminate it." [22] (#cite_note-22) See also [ edit ] List of individual dresses (/wiki/List_of_individual_dresses) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Grant2002_1-0) Grant, Kimberly (September 2002). Miami and the Keys . Lonely Planet. p. 72. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-74059-183-6 . Retrieved 1 May 2011 . ^ a b Pedersen, Stephanie (30 November 2004). Bra: a thousand years of style, support and seduction . David & Charles. p. 50. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7153-2067-9 . Retrieved 1 May 2011 . ^ a b c d Urmee Khan (9 October 2008). "Liz Hurley 'safety pin' dress voted the greatest dress" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/3167702/Liz-Hurley-safety-pin-dress-voted-the-greatest-dress.html) . The Telegraph . Telegraph Media Group. Archived (https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/3167702/Liz-Hurley-safety-pin-dress-voted-the-greatest-dress.html) from the original on 11 January 2022 . Retrieved 1 May 2011 . ^ a b Waxler, Caroline (2004). Stocking up on sin: how to crush the market with vice-based investing . John Wiley and Sons. p. 170 (https://archive.org/details/stockinguponsin00caro/page/170) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-471-46513-3 . Retrieved 1 May 2011 . ^ a b c White, Nicola; Griffiths, Ian (2000). The fashion business: theory, practice, image . Berg Publishers. p. 16. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-85973-359-2 . Retrieved 1 May 2011 . ^ a b Saren, Michael (24 May 2006). Marketing graffiti: the view from the street . Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 226. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7506-5697-9 . Retrieved 1 May 2011 . ^ a b "Remember when Liz Hurley wore 'that' dress?" (https://edition.cnn.com/style/article/liz-hurley-versace-remember-when/index.html) . CNN . 7 March 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200812091611/https://edition.cnn.com/style/article/liz-hurley-versace-remember-when/index.html) from the original on 12 August 2020 . Retrieved 12 August 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Elizabeth Hurley's Favorite Bikinis For Summer Fun" (https://sojones.com/10012627/elizabeth-hurleys-favorite-bikinis-for-summer-fun) . sojones.com . 2022-08-17. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220823165549/https://sojones.com/10012627/elizabeth-hurleys-favorite-bikinis-for-summer-fun) from the original on 2022-08-23 . Retrieved 2022-08-23 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Dress Drama: The Untold Story of Liz Hurley's Versace Dress" (https://evoke.ie/2021/03/13/style/dress-drama-the-untold-story-of-liz-hurleys-iconic-versace-dress-dean-aslett) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210421212906/https://evoke.ie/2021/03/13/style/dress-drama-the-untold-story-of-liz-hurleys-iconic-versace-dress-dean-aslett) from the original on 2021-04-21 . Retrieved 2021-03-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Hugh Grant: Liz Hurley was snubbed by designers before safety-pin dress moment" (https://www.irishexaminer.com/breakingnews/entertainment/hugh-grant-liz-hurley-was-snubbed-by-designers-before-safety-pin-dress-moment-971754.html) . www.irishexaminer.com . December 21, 2019. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191221151401/https://www.irishexaminer.com/breakingnews/entertainment/hugh-grant-liz-hurley-was-snubbed-by-designers-before-safety-pin-dress-moment-971754.html) from the original on December 21, 2019 . Retrieved December 22, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-McRobbie1998_11-0) McRobbie, Angela (26 June 1998). British fashion design: rag trade or image industry? . Routledge. p. 191. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-415-05781-3 . Retrieved 1 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-MartinVersace1997_12-0) Martin, Richard Harrison; Versace, Gianni (December 1997). Gianni Versace . Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-87099-842-3 . Retrieved 1 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-Seal2007_13-0) Seal, Mark (15 February 2007). Celebrated Weekends: The Stars' Guide to the Most Exciting Destinations in the World . Thomas Nelson Inc. p. 266. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4016-0243-7 . Retrieved 1 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-Gundle2008_14-0) Gundle, Stephen (2008). Glamour: a history . Oxford University Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-19-921098-5 . Retrieved 1 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-metrovelvet_15-0) Margary, Alex. "Versace for H&M The Film" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120515093028/http://www.metrovelvet.com/blog/versace-for-hm-the-film/) . Metro Velvet. Archived from the original (http://www.metrovelvet.com/blog/versace-for-hm-the-film/) on 15 May 2012 . Retrieved 18 January 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Hugh Grant kisses Dawn French - Classic Comic Relief" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M3vmblOSGto) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . 22 May 2009. ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Richard Curtis recalls Hugh Grant and Dawn French's intense Comic Relief kiss" (https://metro.co.uk/2023/03/17/richard-curtis-on-hugh-grant-and-dawn-frenchs-comic-relief-kiss-18460453/) . 17 March 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Liz Hurley's famous Versace dress on sale" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1563543/Liz-Hurleys-famous-Versace-dress-on-sale.html) . The Telegraph . Telegraph Media Group. 19 September 2007. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20110430004653/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1563543/Liz-Hurleys-famous-Versace-dress-on-sale.html) from the original on 30 April 2011 . Retrieved 1 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Lady Gaga dares to wear That Dress" (https://www.theguardian.com/music/shortcuts/2012/oct/03/lady-gaga-versace-dress-hurley) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20141016044742/http://www.theguardian.com/music/shortcuts/2012/oct/03/lady-gaga-versace-dress-hurley) 2014-10-16 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , theguardian.com, 3 October 2012 ^ (#cite_ref-D'EpiroPinkowish2001_20-0) D'Epiro, Peter; Pinkowish, Mary Desmond (2 October 2001). Sprezzatura: 50 ways Italian genius shaped the world . Anchor Books. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-385-72019-9 . Retrieved 1 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-BruzziGibson2000_21-0) Bruzzi, Stella (/wiki/Stella_Bruzzi) ; Gibson, Pamela Church (2000). Fashion cultures: theories, explorations, and analysis . Routledge. p. 341. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-415-20685-3 . Retrieved 1 May 2011 . [ permanent dead link ] ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Liz Hurley's safety pin frock changed how we get dressed (and that includes Miley's nipple pasties...)" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/womens-life/11084446/Liz-Hurleys-safety-pin-frock-changed-how-we-get-dressed-and-that-includes-Mileys-nipple-pasties....html) . The Telegraph . Telegraph Media Group. 9 September 2014. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160712093622/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/womens-life/11084446/Liz-Hurleys-safety-pin-frock-changed-how-we-get-dressed-and-that-includes-Mileys-nipple-pasties....html) from the original on 12 July 2016 . Retrieved 25 February 2016 . v t e Notable red carpet outfits (/wiki/Red_carpet_fashion) 1950s White floral Givenchy dress (/wiki/White_floral_Givenchy_dress_of_Audrey_Hepburn) ( Audrey Hepburn (/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn) , 1954) 1990s Red Versace dress (/wiki/Red_Versace_dress_of_Cindy_Crawford) ( Cindy Crawford (/wiki/Cindy_Crawford) , 1991) Black Versace dress ( Elizabeth Hurley (/wiki/Elizabeth_Hurley) , 1994) Lavender Prada dress (/wiki/Lavender_Prada_dress_of_Uma_Thurman) ( Uma Thurman (/wiki/Uma_Thurman) , 1995) American Express Gold card dress (/wiki/American_Express_Gold_card_dress_of_Lizzy_Gardiner) ( Lizzy Gardiner (/wiki/Lizzy_Gardiner) , 1995) Chartreuse Dior dress (/wiki/Chartreuse_Dior_dress_of_Nicole_Kidman) ( Nicole Kidman (/wiki/Nicole_Kidman) , 1997) Pink Ralph Lauren dress (/wiki/Pink_Ralph_Lauren_dress_of_Gwyneth_Paltrow) ( Gwyneth Paltrow (/wiki/Gwyneth_Paltrow) , 1999) 2000s Early Green Versace dress (/wiki/Green_Versace_dress_of_Jennifer_Lopez) ( Jennifer Lopez (/wiki/Jennifer_Lopez) , 2000) Crimson Alberta Ferretti dress (/wiki/Crimson_Alberta_Ferretti_dress_of_Uma_Thurman) ( Uma Thurman (/wiki/Uma_Thurman) , 2000) Black and white Valentino dress (/wiki/Black_and_white_Valentino_dress_of_Julia_Roberts) ( Julia Roberts (/wiki/Julia_Roberts) , 2001) Swan dress (/wiki/Swan_dress) ( Björk (/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rk) , 2001) Elie Saab net dress (/wiki/Elie_Saab_net_dress_of_Halle_Berry) ( Halle Berry (/wiki/Halle_Berry) , 2002) Red Ben de Lisi dress (/wiki/Red_Ben_de_Lisi_dress_of_Kate_Winslet) ( Kate Winslet (/wiki/Kate_Winslet) , 2002) Red Tarvydas dress (/wiki/Red_Tarvydas_dress_of_Rebecca_Twigley) ( Rebecca Twigley (/wiki/Rebecca_Judd) , 2004) White Marc Bouwer dress (/wiki/White_Marc_Bouwer_dress_of_Angelina_Jolie) ( Angelina Jolie (/wiki/Angelina_Jolie) , 2004) Late Navy blue Guy Laroche dress (/wiki/Navy_blue_Guy_Laroche_dress_of_Hilary_Swank) ( Hilary Swank (/wiki/Hilary_Swank) , 2005) Yellow Valentino dress (/wiki/Yellow_Valentino_dress_of_Cate_Blanchett) ( Cate Blanchett (/wiki/Cate_Blanchett) , 2005) Plum Vera Wang dress (/wiki/Plum_Vera_Wang_dress_of_Keira_Knightley) ( Keira Knightley (/wiki/Keira_Knightley) , 2006) Saffron Vera Wang dress (/wiki/Saffron_Vera_Wang_dress_of_Michelle_Williams) ( Michelle Williams (/wiki/Michelle_Williams_(actress)) , 2006) Pink feathered Versace dress (/wiki/Pink_feathered_Versace_dress_of_Pen%C3%A9lope_Cruz) ( Penélope Cruz (/wiki/Pen%C3%A9lope_Cruz) , 2007) Swarovski crystal mesh Armani dress (/wiki/Swarovski_crystal_mesh_Armani_Priv%C3%A9_gown) ( Cate Blanchett (/wiki/Cate_Blanchett) , 2007) Ivory Jean Paul Gaultier dress (/wiki/Ivory_Jean_Paul_Gaultier_dress_of_Marion_Cotillard) ( Marion Cotillard (/wiki/Marion_Cotillard) , 2008) 2010s Meat dress (/wiki/Meat_dress_of_Lady_Gaga) ( Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) , 2010) Black Versace dress (/wiki/Black_Versace_dress_of_Angelina_Jolie) ( Angelina Jolie (/wiki/Angelina_Jolie) , 2012) Blue Prada dress (/wiki/Blue_Prada_dress_of_Lupita_Nyong%27o) ( Lupita Nyong'o (/wiki/Lupita_Nyong%27o) , 2014) Black Christian Siriano tuxedo gown (/wiki/Black_Christian_Siriano_gown_of_Billy_Porter) ( Billy Porter (/wiki/Billy_Porter_(actor)) , 2019) 2020s Autograph suit (/wiki/Autograph_suit_of_Sandy_Powell) ( Sandy Powell (/wiki/Sandy_Powell_(costume_designer)) , 2020) Other notable dresses (/wiki/List_of_individual_dresses) Category (/wiki/Category:Outfits_worn_at_the_Academy_Awards_ceremonies) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5c57c99494‐c5dkd Cached time: 20240716042909 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.447 seconds Real time usage: 0.560 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1981/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 69541/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2014/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 94311/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.295/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5757837/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 510.513 1 -total 50.22% 256.379 1 Template:Reflist 26.14% 133.468 11 Template:Cite_book 17.37% 88.672 1 Template:Red_carpet_fashion 17.22% 87.901 2 Template:Navbox 13.27% 67.753 1 Template:Short_description 11.70% 59.740 1 Template:Infobox_artwork 10.19% 52.029 1 Template:Infobox 8.77% 44.755 9 Template:Cite_web 7.24% 36.977 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:31647720-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716042909 and revision id 1228021541. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Black_Versace_dress_of_Elizabeth_Hurley&oldid=1228021541 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Black_Versace_dress_of_Elizabeth_Hurley&oldid=1228021541) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1990s fashion (/wiki/Category:1990s_fashion) Individual dresses (/wiki/Category:Individual_dresses) Punk fashion (/wiki/Category:Punk_fashion) Red carpet fashion (/wiki/Category:Red_carpet_fashion) Versace (/wiki/Category:Versace) 1994 clothing (/wiki/Category:1994_clothing) Black dresses (/wiki/Category:Black_dresses) Clothing controversies (/wiki/Category:Clothing_controversies) Hidden categories: Webarchive template wayback links (/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links) All articles with dead external links (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links) Articles with dead external links from February 2023 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_February_2023) Articles with permanently dead external links (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata)
Fashion Art museum in Milan Armani/Silos Established April 30, 2015 ; 9 years ago ( 2015-04-30 ) Location via Bergognone, 40 Milan (/wiki/Milan) , Lombardy (/wiki/Lombardy) , Italy (/wiki/Italy) Public transit access Milan Metro (/wiki/Milan_Metro) : MM2 - Porta Genova (/wiki/Milan_Metro_Line_2) Milan Tramways (/wiki/Trams_in_Milan) : Tram 14, Stop Piazza del Rosario Website www (http://www.armanisilos.com) .armanisilos (http://www.armanisilos.com) .com (http://www.armanisilos.com) Armani/Silos is a fashion (/wiki/Fashion) art museum (/wiki/Art_museum) in Milan, Italy (/wiki/Milan,_Italy) dedicated to the Armani style (/wiki/Armani) founded by Giorgio Armani. [1] (#cite_note-1) The opening exhibition was divided into themes: Ground floor: "Heimat: A Sense of Belonging", the dedicated to Peter Lindbergh (/wiki/Peter_Lindbergh) (until August 2021) [2] (#cite_note-2) First floor: Androgynous Second floor: Ethnicities Third floor: Stars / Digital Archive Permanent Collection Permanent Collection Permanent Collection See also [ edit ] List of museums in Milan (/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Milan) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Schneier, Matthew (10 August 2015). "Armani's Four-Story Wardrobe" (https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/13/fashion/armani-silos-museum-four-story-wardrobe.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved 6 November 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Stevens, Philip (24 June 2015). "armani silos celebrates 40 years of the Italian fashion house" (https://www.designboom.com/architecture/giorgio-armani-silos-milan-exhibition-space-06-24-2015/) . designboom . Retrieved 6 November 2021 . 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1957 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1957) 1958 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1958) 1959 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1959) 1960 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1960) 1961 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1961) 1962 1963 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1963) 1964 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1964) 1965 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1965) 1966 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1966) 1967 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1967) Clothing companies (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies) established in 1962 (/wiki/Category:Companies_established_in_1962) — companies in fashion−design &/or manufacturing−retailing of clothing. Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) 1960s portal (/wiki/Portal:1960s) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐mszvq Cached time: 20240719140000 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.126 seconds Real time usage: 0.242 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 69/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3177/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 84/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 5/100 Expensive parser function count: 13/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 4114/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.091/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 932663/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 166.202 1 -total 82.00% 136.282 1 Template:Navseasoncats 15.44% 25.659 1 Template:Portal 2.43% 4.033 2 Template:C Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:52658412-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719140000 and revision id 974954739. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Clothing companies established in 1962" The following 9 pages are in this category, out of 9 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Andrés Sardá (/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Sard%C3%A1) E Eider (brand) (/wiki/Eider_(brand)) G Genny (/wiki/Genny) H Havaianas (/wiki/Havaianas) P Panam (brand) (/wiki/Panam_(brand)) S St. John (clothing) (/wiki/St._John_(clothing)) Sorel (brand) (/wiki/Sorel_(brand)) T Tom Tailor (/wiki/Tom_Tailor) W Wet Seal (/wiki/Wet_Seal) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1962&oldid=974954739 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1962&oldid=974954739) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1960s fashion (/wiki/Category:1960s_fashion) Clothing companies by year of establishment (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_by_year_of_establishment) Design companies established in 1962 (/wiki/Category:Design_companies_established_in_1962) Manufacturing companies established in 1962 (/wiki/Category:Manufacturing_companies_established_in_1962) Clothing companies established in the 20th century (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_the_20th_century)
harper by Harper's Bazaar (referred to as " harper ") is a supplement to the American women's fashion magazine Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) presented in various physical and digital formats. History [ edit ] The supplement was introduced at 8:00 AM on February 9, 2015 by Harper's Bazaar editor in chief Glenda Bailey (/wiki/Glenda_Bailey) who describes its initial vision as "a contemporary supplement for young women". [1] (#cite_note-IhbHB-1) It was founded as a resurrection of Junior Bazaar , which Harper's Bazaar had published in the 1940s, according to Harper's Bazaar publisher Carol Smith. [2] (#cite_note-T6i-2) According to Folio: Magazine (/w/index.php?title=Folio:_Magazine&action=edit&redlink=1) 's Michael Rondon, the debut 24-page edition was sponsored by Nordstrom (/wiki/Nordstrom) . [3] (#cite_note-HBLTSS-3) Initially, the supplementary magazine had a print circulation of 375,000—about half its total paid circulation—and digital distribution of 8.1 million. [3] (#cite_note-HBLTSS-3) Format [ edit ] In 2015, it was produced quarterly with celebrity guest editors from the fashion world for its first three editions in February ( Alexa Chung (/wiki/Alexa_Chung) ), [1] (#cite_note-IhbHB-1) April ( Rosie Huntington-Whiteley (/wiki/Rosie_Huntington-Whiteley) ) [4] (#cite_note-4) and August ( Emily Ratajkowski (/wiki/Emily_Ratajkowski) ). [5] (#cite_note-5) Each initial guest editor also served as the subject of a cover story fashion shoot [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) as well as the subject a 24-hour day in the life feature. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) According to Adweek (/wiki/Adweek) 's Chris O'Shea, the supplement, which will feature a different guest editor with each edition, is a miniature version of the magazine that generates additional revenue by providing a forum for advertisers to promote their wares to "stylish and social millennial women who love to shop". [12] (#cite_note-12) The work is presented as a print insert to Bazaar as well as in a digital media, a social media and shopping media outlet. [2] (#cite_note-T6i-2) Notes [ edit ] ^ a b Bailey, Glenda (2015-02-09). "Introducing...harper by Harper's Bazaar" (http://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/features/a9870/alexa-chung-harper-0315/) . Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) . Retrieved 2015-08-20 . ^ a b "The 60-second interview: Carol Smith, publisher, Harper's Bazaar" (http://www.capitalnewyork.com/article/media/2015/02/8562607/60-second-interview-carol-smith-publisher-em-harpers-bazaarem) . Capital New York . Politico (/wiki/Politico) . 2015-02-20 . Retrieved 2015-08-20 . ^ a b Rondon, Michael (2015-02-10). "Harper's Bazaar Launches Targeted Sponsored Supplement" (http://www.foliomag.com/2015/harpers-bazaar-launches-targeted-sponsored-supplement/) . Folio: Magazine (/w/index.php?title=Folio:_Magazine&action=edit&redlink=1) . Retrieved 2015-08-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Huntington-Whiteley, Rosie (2015-04-13). "Rosie Huntington-Whiteley on harper by Harper's BAZAAR" (http://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/features/a10547/rosie-huntington-whiteley-harper-0515/) . Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) . Retrieved 2015-08-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Brown, Laura (2015-08-18). "Introducing Emily Ratajkowski For harper by Harper's BAZAAR" (http://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/features/a11788/emily-ratajkowski-harper-0915/) . Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) . Retrieved 2015-08-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Alexa Chung: The harper Fashion Shoot" (http://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/photography/g5211/alexa-chung-fashion-shoot-0315/) . Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) . 2015-02-10 . Retrieved 2015-08-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Rosie Huntington-Whiteley: The harper Fashion Shoot" (http://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/photography/g5534/rosie-huntington-whiteley-0515/) . Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) . 2015-04-13 . Retrieved 2015-08-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Emily Ratajkowski for harper: The Fashion Shoot" (http://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/photography/g6092/emily-ratajkowski-fashion-shoot-0915/) . Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) . 2015-08-18 . Retrieved 2015-08-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Whitney, Christine (2015-02-10). "24 Hours with Alexa Chung" (http://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/features/a9860/alexa-chung-24-hours-0315/) . Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) . Retrieved 2015-08-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Brown, Laura (2015-04-13). "24 Hours With Rosie Huntington-Whiteley" (http://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/features/a10550/rosie-huntington-whiteley-24-hours-01515/) . Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) . Retrieved 2015-08-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Oltuski, Romy (2015-08-18). "24 Hours with Emily Ratajkowski" (http://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/features/a11821/emily-ratajkowski-typical-day-0915/) . Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) . Retrieved 2015-08-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) O'Shea, Chris (2015-02-10). "Harper's Bazaar Launches Shopping Supplement Harper" (http://www.adweek.com/fishbowlny/hapers-bazaar-launches-shopping-supplement-harper/331800) . Adweek (/wiki/Adweek) . Retrieved 2015-08-20 . 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American model, activist and actress Kate Dillon Levin Born Kate Dillon ( 1974-03-02 ) March 2, 1974 (age 50) Washington, D.C. (/wiki/Washington,_D.C.) , United States (/wiki/United_States) [3] (#cite_note-Singer-3) Occupation(s) Model, non-profit corporate partnerships for Code REDD [4] (#cite_note-CodeRedd-4) Spouse(s) Gabe Levin, December 21, 2008-August 5, 2014 (Divorced) [5] (#cite_note-Pham-5) Modeling information Height 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m) [1] (#cite_note-ford-1) Hair color Brown [1] (#cite_note-ford-1) Eye color Blue [1] (#cite_note-ford-1) Agency Ford Models (/wiki/Ford_Models) [2] (#cite_note-models.comprofile-2) Kate Dillon Levin (born March 2, 1974, in Washington, D.C.) [3] (#cite_note-Singer-3) [6] (#cite_note-GlamCurvy-6) is an American model (/wiki/Model_(person)) and activist. She appeared in multiple editorials in fashion magazines, appeared in cosmetics, plus-size, and designer campaigns. She also worked with top photographers on campaigns and in editorials and appeared in many mass media outlets. [7] (#cite_note-MostBeautiful-7) Levin was the first plus-size model to appear in U.S. Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) and was the first plus-size model to appear in a Gucci (/wiki/Gucci) campaign. Dillon has also been involved with many non-profit organizations, and is an advocate for eating disorder awareness and treatment, sustainability, global poverty reduction, and social justice. [7] (#cite_note-MostBeautiful-7) [8] (#cite_note-Vogueitcurveschange-8) She received her bachelor's degree (/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree) in political science (/wiki/Political_science) and international studies (/wiki/International_studies) from University of St. Thomas (/wiki/University_of_St._Thomas_(Texas)) and master's degree in international development (/wiki/International_development) from Harvard University (/wiki/Harvard_University) 's John F. Kennedy School of Government (/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_School_of_Government) . [3] (#cite_note-Singer-3) Early life [ edit ] Kate Dillon was born to Tom Dillon, a scientist, and Carol Dillon, a school teacher, near Washington, D.C., on March 2, 1974. [7] (#cite_note-MostBeautiful-7) She has an older brother named Dan. [ citation needed ] Dillon's family moved to San Diego when she was 10. [9] (#cite_note-9) Dillon was teased by peers in adolescence because of her size. [7] (#cite_note-MostBeautiful-7) A documentary that Dillon watched at age 12 influenced her to lose an unhealthy amount of weight and triggered an eating disorder which lasted seven years. [7] (#cite_note-MostBeautiful-7) Dillon graduated from La Jolla Country Day School (/wiki/La_Jolla_Country_Day_School) and was accepted in the University of California, Berkeley (/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley) . [10] (#cite_note-LaJolla-10) After graduating high school, Dillon decided to model full-time instead of attending college. [10] (#cite_note-LaJolla-10) Modeling [ edit ] Dillon was discovered by a San Diego photographer at 16 while sitting in a cafe. [7] (#cite_note-MostBeautiful-7) [11] (#cite_note-VictoriaAdvocate-11) She modeled in Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) while finishing high school. Dillon placed third in the 1991 Elite Look of the Year (/wiki/Elite_Model_Look) currently (Elite Model Look) contest and won a 75,000 dollar contract with Elite Model Management (/wiki/Elite_Model_Management) . [7] (#cite_note-MostBeautiful-7) In her early years of modeling, she worked with photographers such as Richard Avedon (/wiki/Richard_Avedon) and Peter Lindbergh (/wiki/Peter_Lindbergh) and appeared in campaigns for Bergdorf Goodman (/wiki/Bergdorf_Goodman) , Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) , Christian Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior) , L'Oreal (/wiki/L%27Oreal) , and Missoni (/wiki/Missoni) . [3] (#cite_note-Singer-3) [11] (#cite_note-VictoriaAdvocate-11) [12] (#cite_note-fmd-12) Dillon was on the cover of Mademoiselle (/wiki/Mademoiselle_(magazine)) in November 1992. [12] (#cite_note-fmd-12) She also appeared in editorials for many magazines including U.S. Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) , Marie Claire (/wiki/Marie_Claire) and French Glamour (/wiki/Glamour_(magazine)) in 1993. [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-Berg,_Rona-14) [15] (#cite_note-Lane_Bryant-15) Dillon also walked for designers including Alberta Ferretti (/wiki/Alberta_Ferretti) , Emporio Armani (/wiki/Emporio_Armani) , Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) , and Salvatore Ferragamo (/wiki/Salvatore_Ferragamo) in the Autumn/Winter 1993 season. [12] (#cite_note-fmd-12) She also walked for Dior (/wiki/Dior) in 1993. [14] (#cite_note-Berg,_Rona-14) She left fashion modeling in 1993 to recover from her eating disorder and find a new career path. [3] (#cite_note-Singer-3) In 1995, Dillon returned to New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) to study elementary education. [3] (#cite_note-Singer-3) A friend advised Dillon to try plus-size modeling while in New York. [3] (#cite_note-Singer-3) Dillon applied to Wilhelmina Models (/wiki/Wilhelmina_Models) , and was signed immediately. [3] (#cite_note-Singer-3) Dillon became the face of Elisabeth by Liz Claiborne (/wiki/Liz_Claiborne) in 1996, appearing on a Times Square billboard. [16] (#cite_note-16) She also appeared in a nationwide advertising campaign for Playtex (/wiki/Playtex) that year. Glamour featured Dillon in an editorial "The Comeback Kid" in November 1996, which was the second appearance of a plus-size model in the magazine. MODE (/wiki/MODE_(magazine)) began publishing in Spring 1997, and Dillon appeared in an editorial in its first issue. Dillon appeared on several covers of MODE and in many editorials. She was profiled and often mentioned by name in her appearances in the magazine. Dillon also began modeling for Lane Bryant (/wiki/Lane_Bryant) and appeared in many advertising campaigns for the brand. [15] (#cite_note-Lane_Bryant-15) She became a Lane Bryant Venezia Jeans V Girl in 1998, along with Mia Tyler (/wiki/Mia_Tyler) , Sophie Dahl (/wiki/Sophie_Dahl) , basketball player Kym Hampton (/wiki/Kym_Hampton) , and former MTV (/wiki/MTV) news reporter Abbie Kearse. [17] (#cite_note-Sampey-17) Dillon walked in Lane Bryant's first runway show in 1998 and appeared in other runway shows for the brand until Lane Bryant discontinued the shows in 2003. [17] (#cite_note-Sampey-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) Dillon was named Model of the Year by Mode magazine in 1998. [20] (#cite_note-HarvardGSE-20) Richard Avedon photographed her for an advertising campaign for Avenue (/wiki/Avenue_(store)) in 1999, where she appeared as different types of women, including Aphrodite. [21] (#cite_note-21) Dillon became the first plus-size model Avedon photographed. Dillon appeared in Gucci's Spring 2000 campaign, becoming one of the first plus-size models to appear in a mainstream fashion ad. [22] (#cite_note-NovaAskExpert-22) In 2000, Dillon became the second plus-size model named to People (/wiki/People_Magazine) ' s Most Beautiful People (/w/index.php?title=Most_Beautiful_People&action=edit&redlink=1) list. [22] (#cite_note-NovaAskExpert-22) Dillon appeared in the campaign for Isabella Rosselini (/wiki/Isabella_Rosselini) 's Manifesto (/w/index.php?title=Manifesto_(perfume)&action=edit&redlink=1) perfume, becoming one of only a few plus-size models to appear in a cosmetics campaign. [23] (#cite_note-23) In November 2001, Dillon appeared in a Vogue Paris (/wiki/Vogue_Paris) editorial photographed by David Armstrong and styled by Carine Roitfeld (/wiki/Carine_Roitfeld) . [24] (#cite_note-24) In April 2002, Dillon appeared in an editorial photographed by Helmut Newton (/wiki/Helmut_Newton) in US Vogue's first Shape Issue, becoming the first plus-size model to appear in a US Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) editorial. [25] (#cite_note-25) [26] (#cite_note-26) Dillon was a featured guest during season 3 of the US network show America's Next Top Model (/wiki/America%27s_Next_Top_Model) , talking to contestants about body image and self-esteem. [27] (#cite_note-27) In 2004, Dillon appeared in a campaign for Nine West. [12] (#cite_note-fmd-12) Dillon was the face of Marina Rinaldi (/wiki/Marina_Rinaldi) campaigns from Spring/Summer 2004 to Spring/Summer 2008. [28] (#cite_note-MRhistory-28) She also appeared in the Spring/Summer 2009 campaign. [28] (#cite_note-MRhistory-28) Her most recent Marina Rinaldi campaign was Fall/Winter 2011 campaign with Crystal Renn. [29] (#cite_note-TruthFashionprofile-29) Dillon walked in Elena Miro's first runway show in Milan Fashion Week(Elena Miro was the first plus-size brand to present at Milan Fashion Week) and appeared in many other runway shows for the brand. [12] (#cite_note-fmd-12) In February 2006, Dillon appeared in an editorial for French Vogue photographed by Mario Testino (/wiki/Mario_Testino) and styled by Carine Roitfeld. [30] (#cite_note-30) She appeared in editorials for French Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) and Jane (/wiki/Jane_(magazine)) in 2007. [29] (#cite_note-TruthFashionprofile-29) Glamour Magazine featured Dillon along with plus-size models Amy Lemons (/wiki/Amy_Lemons) , Anansa Sims, Ashley Graham (/wiki/Ashley_Graham_(model)) , Crystal Renn (/wiki/Crystal_Renn) , Jennie Runk (/wiki/Jennie_Runk) , and Lizzie Miller in a nude photo referencing Herb Ritts (/wiki/Herb_Ritts) ' famous photo of 90's supermodels in 2009. [2] (#cite_note-models.comprofile-2) She appeared in US Vogue for a second time in the April 2010 Shape Issue, photographed by Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) , and interviewed by Sally Singer. [3] (#cite_note-Singer-3) Dillon became the spokesmodel for Suki, an eco-friendly cosmetics line in 2010. [31] (#cite_note-31) In 2011, Dillon appeared on the cover of Organice Your Life along with her son Lucas. [2] (#cite_note-models.comprofile-2) Sustainability and fair-trade [ edit ] Dillon wrote about eco-friendly lifestyle tips for an article in Glamour April 2010. She also wrote several blogs on glamour.com on eco-friendly fashion and lifestyle tips in 2010. [32] (#cite_note-32) [33] (#cite_note-33) Education [ edit ] Dillon enrolled in the University of St. Thomas (/wiki/University_of_St._Thomas_(Texas)) in Houston (/wiki/Houston) , Texas (/wiki/Texas) , at age 28, and graduated with a degree in political science (/wiki/Political_science) . [3] (#cite_note-Singer-3) She then enrolled in Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government, and received a Master's degree (/wiki/Master%27s_degree) in Public Administration and International Development. [3] (#cite_note-Singer-3) Dillon co-authored a prize-winning thesis (/wiki/Thesis) and received a Dean's award for teaching statistics (/wiki/Statistics) . [3] (#cite_note-Singer-3) Humanitarian work [ edit ] Dillon has founded several charities including ECHO Prosocial Gallery, Curves for Change and the Komera Project. Echo was founded in 1999, and provided arts programs for children in New York City. [34] (#cite_note-LI-34) [35] (#cite_note-35) Dillon co-founded the Komera Project in 2008, which funds secondary education and mentoring to girls in Rwanda. [8] (#cite_note-Vogueitcurveschange-8) Curves for Change was founded in 2010. [8] (#cite_note-Vogueitcurveschange-8) The charity helps the Komera Project and other charities helping women through fundraising and increasing awareness of these non-profit organizations. [8] (#cite_note-Vogueitcurveschange-8) Dillon also works with charities such as Half the Sky, an organization sponsoring women's rights. [8] (#cite_note-Vogueitcurveschange-8) Dillon has been an advocate for eating disorder awareness, prevention and treatment by speaking about her eating disorder in public appearances and interviews. She appeared in NOVA (/wiki/Nova_(American_TV_series)) 's 2000 documentary, Dying to be Thin. [22] (#cite_note-NovaAskExpert-22) Dillon became the Eating Disorder Coalition's first spokesperson in 2001. [36] (#cite_note-36) Dillon also has appeared on several panels related to eating disorders, including at Harvard Medical School (/wiki/Harvard_Medical_School) in 2000. [20] (#cite_note-HarvardGSE-20) [22] (#cite_note-NovaAskExpert-22) Dillon is also involved with causes related to sustainability. She presented in a panel and walked in the sustainable fashion (/wiki/Sustainable_fashion) show at Ecochic, a sustainable fashion event sponsored by the United Nations (/wiki/United_Nations) and held in the UN's European headquarters in Geneva. [8] (#cite_note-Vogueitcurveschange-8) Dillon also supports Global Green. [8] (#cite_note-Vogueitcurveschange-8) [37] (#cite_note-37) [38] (#cite_note-38) Personal life [ edit ] Dillon was married to real estate investor Gabe Levin from 2008–2014. Their son Lucas was born in 2010. [5] (#cite_note-Pham-5) Dillon is an avid athlete. She has completed triathlons (/wiki/Triathlons) and enjoys yoga, hiking and bike riding. Levin also paints and plays the guitar. [ citation needed ] Her favorite TV shows are Mad Men (/wiki/Mad_Men) and Top Chef (/wiki/Top_Chef) . [8] (#cite_note-Vogueitcurveschange-8) References [ edit ] ^ a b c "Kate Dillon" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180119001236/http://models.fordmodels.com/models/11/talents/30127) . fordmodels.com . Archived from the original (http://models.fordmodels.com/models/11/talents/30127) on 19 January 2018 . Retrieved 15 January 2013 . ^ a b c "Kate Dillon" (http://models.com/models/kate-dillon/) . models.com . Retrieved 28 July 2012 . ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "A Life in Full" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130327000359/http://www.vogue.com/magazine/article/a-life-in-full/#1) . Archived from the original (http://www.vogue.com/magazine/article/a-life-in-full/#1) on 27 March 2013 . Retrieved 11 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-CodeRedd_4-0) "The Team" (https://web.archive.org/web/20121026110102/http://www.coderedd.org/about-code-redd/the-team/) . coderedd.org . Archived from the original (http://www.coderedd.org/about-code-redd/the-team/) on 26 October 2012 . Retrieved 12 January 2013 . ^ a b Pham, Thailan (December 22, 2010). "Model Kate Dillon Welcomes a Son" (http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20452450,00.html) . people.com . Retrieved 11 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-GlamCurvy_6-0) "Glam and Curvy:Kate Dillon" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110817174408/http://www.vogue.it/en/vogue-curvy/glam-and-curvy/2010/03/kate-dillon) . vogue.it . Archived from the original (http://www.vogue.it/en/vogue-curvy/glam-and-curvy/2010/03/kate-dillon) on 17 August 2011 . Retrieved 11 January 2013 . ^ a b c d e f g "Kate Dillon:Model" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130125012923/http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20131179,00.html) . people.com . Archived from the original (http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20131179,00.html) on 25 January 2013 . Retrieved 11 January 2013 . ^ a b c d e f g h Liverani, Martina (18 June 2010). "Curves for Change" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151121203443/http://www.vogue.it/en/vogue-curvy/curvy-news/2010/06/curves-for-change) . vogue.it . Archived from the original (http://www.vogue.it/en/vogue-curvy/curvy-news/2010/06/curves-for-change) on 21 November 2015 . Retrieved 11 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Answers from Kate Dillon Set #3" (https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/thin/ask_d_001218.html) . pbs.org . 18 December 2000 . Retrieved 11 January 2013 . ^ a b "Plus-size supermodel proves beautiful inside and out" (https://archive.today/20130216083038/http://www.lajollalight.com/2010/04/13/plus-size-supermodel-proves-beautiful-inside-and-out/) . La Jolla Light . 14 April 2010. Archived from the original (http://www.lajollalight.com/2010/04/13/plus-size-supermodel-proves-beautiful-inside-and-out/) on 16 February 2013 . Retrieved 17 January 2013 . ^ a b Casteneda, Katania (22 February 2002). "Plus-size model challenges people's attitudes" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=861&dat=20020222&id=XTJSAAAAIBAJ&pg=5521,5093308) . The Victoria Advocate . Retrieved 12 January 2012 . ^ a b c d e "Kate Dillon" (http://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/kate_dillon/) . Fashion Model Directory . Retrieved 28 July 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "US Elle September 1993" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120524151802/http://bwgreyscale.com/editorials/elle_us_09_1993.html) . bwgreyscale.com . Archived from the original (http://www.bwgreyscale.com/editorials/elle_us_09_1993.html) on 24 May 2012 . Retrieved 18 January 2013 . ^ a b Berg, Rona (21 March 1993). "The Waif Farers" (https://www.nytimes.com/1993/03/21/magazine/fashion-the-waif-farers.html) . New York Times (/wiki/New_York_Times) . Retrieved 18 January 2013 . ^ a b "Lane Bryant" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120510222420/http://bwgreyscale.com/ads/lane_bryant.html) . bwgreyscale.com . Archived from the original (http://www.bwgreyscale.com/ads/lane_bryant.html) on 10 May 2012 . Retrieved 18 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Liz Claiborne" (https://web.archive.org/web/20121215161634/http://www.bwgreyscale.com/ads/liz_claiborne.html) . bwgreyscale.com . Archived from the original (http://www.bwgreyscale.com/ads/liz_claiborne.html) on 15 December 2012 . Retrieved 18 January 2013 . ^ a b Sampey, Kathleen (16 October 1998). "Retailers targeting plus-size women" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=K11JAAAAIBAJ&pg=1402,235043&dq=kate-dillon+lane&hl=en) . The Post and Courier . Associated Press . Retrieved 11 January 2013 . [ permanent dead link ] ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Noth joins Lane Bryant models" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=YsFBAAAAIBAJ&pg=4175,1987323&dq=kate-dillon+lane&hl=en) . Middlesboro Daily News . Associated Press. 2 February 2001 . Retrieved 13 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Bigger models strut larger lingerie" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=VOgyAAAAIBAJ&pg=2516,216126&dq=kate-dillon+lane&hl=en) . Boca Raton News . Associated Press. 7 February 2000 . Retrieved 13 January 2013 . ^ a b "Model Kate Dillon, filmmaker Jean Kilbourne, and executives from Anne Klein Co. and Kellogg USA speak on "Culture, Media and Eating Disorders" at the Harvard Graduate School of Education, February 23" (http://www.gse.harvard.edu/news-impact/1999/02/model-kate-dillon-filmmaker-jean-kilbourne-and-executives-from-anne-klein-co-and-kellogg-usa-speak-on-culture-media-and-eating-disorders-at-the-harvard-graduate-school-of-education-february-2/) . gse.harvard.edu . 15 February 1999 . Retrieved 17 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Avenue Campaign, 1999" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140327234540/http://www.truthandfashion.com/editorials/avenue-campaign-1999-kate-dillon-richard-avedon) . TruthandFashion.com . Archived from the original (http://www.truthandfashion.com/editorials/avenue-campaign-1999-kate-dillon-richard-avedon) on 27 March 2014 . Retrieved 12 January 2013 . ^ a b c d "Ask the Experts" (https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/thin/ask.html) . pbs.org . Retrieved 11 January 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Positive Sizes:Model Emme Breaks Ground In Defining What Beauty Is" (http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1999-09-29/features/9909290280_1_emme-plus-size-model-cover-girl) . The Chicago Tribune (/wiki/The_Chicago_Tribune) . New York Times News Service. 29 September 1999 . Retrieved 17 February 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Vogue Paris, November 2001" (https://archive.today/20130216232418/http://www.truthandfashion.com/editorials/kate-dillon-vogue-paris-november-2001) . TruthandFashion.com . Archived from the original (http://www.truthandfashion.com/editorials/kate-dillon-vogue-paris-november-2001) on 16 February 2013 . Retrieved 12 January 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Orecklin, Michele (25 March 2002). "People: Mar. 25, 2002" (https://web.archive.org/web/20070312153759/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1002065,00.html) . Time Magazine (/wiki/Time_Magazine) . Archived from the original (http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1002065,00.html) on March 12, 2007 . Retrieved 13 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Kate Dillon" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=IeJPAAAAIBAJ&pg=3277,2576967&dq=kate-dillon&hl=en) . Ocala Star-Banner . 21 March 2002 . Retrieved 13 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) Moline, Peg (February 2011). "Kate Dillon" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120124040645/http://www.fitpregnancy.com/motherhood/celebs/kate-dillon) . fitpregnancy.com . Fit Pregnancy. Archived from the original (http://www.fitpregnancy.com/motherhood/celebs/kate-dillon) on 24 January 2012 . Retrieved 17 February 2012 . ^ a b "History & Philosophy" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130203084223/http://www.marinarinaldi.com/en/About-Us-History-and-Philosophy) . marinarinaldi.com . Archived from the original (http://www.marinarinaldi.com/en/About-Us-History-and-Philosophy) on 3 February 2013 . Retrieved 17 January 2013 . ^ a b "Kate Dillon" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130125033154/http://www.truthandfashion.com/plus-size-models/model/kate-dillon) . truthandfashion.com . Archived from the original (http://www.truthandfashion.com/plus-size-models/model/kate-dillon) on 25 January 2013 . Retrieved 11 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) "Vogue Paris February 2006" (https://archive.today/20130216232125/http://www.truthandfashion.com/editorials/vogue-paris-february-2006) . truthandfashion.com . Archived from the original (http://www.truthandfashion.com/editorials/vogue-paris-february-2006) on February 16, 2013 . Retrieved 11 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "Beauty Booty: Suki Kramer And Kate Dillon, Power Duo" (http://www.style.com/beauty/beautycounter/2010/05/beauty-booty-suki-kramer-and-kate-dillon-power-duo/) . style.com . 5 May 2010 . Retrieved 17 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) Dillon, Kate (22 April 2010). "3 Ways to Go Green That Will Save You Money (Plus 4 More That Won't Make Your Wallet Bleed Green!)" (http://www.glamour.com/sex-love-life/blogs/smitten/2010/04/3-ways-to-go-green-that-will-s.html) . glamour.com . Retrieved 17 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) Dillon, Kate (22 April 2010). "5 Stress-Free (Yes, Really) Ways to Green Up Your Style" (http://www.glamour.com/sex-love-life/blogs/smitten/2010/04/3-ways-to-go-green-that-will-s.html) . glamour.com . Retrieved 17 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-LI_34-0) Kate Dillon Levin (2012). "Kate Dillon Levin" (http://www.linkedin.com/pub/danielle-dani-korwin-parts-models/a/a71/72) . Linkedin . Retrieved 11 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) Laughlin, Natalie. "Kate and Natalie's Tête à Tête" (https://web.archive.org/web/20010204031800/http://onlyreal.com/natalie_nk01.asp) . onlyreal.com . Archived from the original (http://onlyreal.com/natalie_nk01.asp) on 2001-02-04 . 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Retrieved 17 January 2013 . External links [ edit ] Kate Dillon (https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/kate_dillon/) at Fashion Model Directory (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐xmx5g Cached time: 20240713183305 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.473 seconds Real time usage: 0.659 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 4283/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 79847/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 5165/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 150449/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.306/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 10455226/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 606.601 1 -total 38.10% 231.103 1 Template:Reflist 28.81% 174.735 1 Template:Infobox_model 27.53% 167.027 30 Template:Cite_web 21.66% 131.372 1 Template:Short_description 16.09% 97.604 23 Template:Main_other 14.19% 86.078 1 Template:SDcat 6.18% 37.459 1 Template:Infobox 6.12% 37.130 2 Template:Citation_needed 5.75% 34.902 3 Template:Fix Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:38203019-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713183305 and revision id 1230690790. 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Fashion designer (b. 1943, d. 2008) This article's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone (/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Tone) used on Wikipedia . See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles (/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Tone) for suggestions. ( April 2019 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Diana Dew (June 25, 1943 – February 8, 2008) was an American fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) recognized in the 1960s for pioneering electronic textiles (/wiki/Electronic_textile) which incorporated electronic components into wearable clothing. [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) [2] (#cite_note-:2-2) She created clothing that was battery powered and able to light up by adjusting a control knob. [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) Dew's clothes were the precursor to more modern electronic textiles which use LED technology (/wiki/Light-emitting_diode) . [3] (#cite_note-:3-3) Early life [ edit ] Diana Dew was born on June 25, 1943, in Memphis, Tennessee (/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee) . From the age of four to fourteen, she worked as a fashion model (/wiki/Fashion_model) and attended the Memphis Academy of Art (/wiki/Memphis_Academy_of_Art) (now Memphis College of Art). She spent a year at Bard College (/wiki/Bard_College) studying method acting, before moving to the University of Florida (/wiki/University_of_Florida) to study engineering. Dew temporarily created stage costumes for Memphis' Front Street Theater before moving to California (/wiki/California) and enrolling at the University of California, Berkeley (/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley) . [ citation needed ] Fashion design [ edit ] Dew returned to New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) , where she participated in the East Side folk music scene and dressed Joan Baez (/wiki/Joan_Baez) . She then moved to Boston and started the cloth brand Isis , but she could not attract young customers that could afford her high-end creations. Following the suggestion from a modeling agency, she became a designer for Puritan's Paraphernalia business in the late summer of 1966, [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) and later created her own company, Experipuritaneous . [4] (#cite_note-Fads-4) Her creations, which involved "pliable and removable plastic lamps" powered by rechargeable nickel-cadmium batteries, could stay lit for up to 5 hours. [3] (#cite_note-:3-3) The pace of the strobe-like flash, which projected a psychedelic light display, was controlled through a potentiometer (/wiki/Potentiometer) worn at the waist. Her clothing premiered in February 1967 at the Paraphernalia store in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . [4] (#cite_note-Fads-4) The use of electricity in her designs was not without problems, as expressed by Brigid Berlin (/wiki/Brigid_Berlin) , "Diana Dew, the electric-dress designer for Paraphernalia, had those dresses where the tits would light up; or you could flash the crotch and that would go off. But they weren't fool-proof, and one night two girls went totally off in Max's! I mean, right off. They went BOOM! It's true." [3] (#cite_note-:3-3) Dew rose to prominence as a musician's costume designer. She designed clothes for the trippy band Blues Magoos (/wiki/Blues_Magoos) that would light up as the music became louder on stage. One of these outfits is currently housed in a Smithsonian Institution (/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution) time capsule, which will be opened in 2065 as an example of 1960s art. [5] (#cite_note-5) Dew's work was featured in the seminal show " Body Covering (/w/index.php?title=Body_Covering_(1968_exhibition)&action=edit&redlink=1) " at the Museum of Contemporary Craft (/wiki/Museum_of_Contemporary_Craft) in New York City in 1968, which explored the link between technology and clothing. [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) Later life, death, and legacy [ edit ] After a brief tenure with Creamcheese , an all-female rock band that performed in Dew's designs, [4] (#cite_note-Fads-4) Dew devoted her time and energy to hydroponic sprout cultivation and raising her three boys. She was married twice. [2] (#cite_note-:2-2) In February 2008, she died at home and was cremated. She was survived by her three sons. [8] (#cite_note-8) Images of her fashion are included in the National Museum of American History (/wiki/National_Museum_of_American_History) archives. [9] (#cite_note-9) One of her dresses was featured on the American PBS (/wiki/PBS) television program, Antiques Roadshow (/wiki/Antiques_Roadshow_(American_TV_program)) (season 24, episode 12). [10] (#cite_note-10) See also [ edit ] Tiger Morse (/wiki/Tiger_Morse) References [ edit ] ^ a b c Hoffmann, Frank; Ramirez, Beulah B. (June 23, 2014). Fashion & Merchandising Fads . Routledge. p. 73. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-317-95291-6 . ^ a b Dew, Allen Powell (2018). Book of Dew : the Dew surname in the United States with variations in spelling Dew, Due, Dewes, Dews . Allen Powell Dew. p. 1067. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781387544363 . ^ a b c Flood, Kathleen (April 11, 2011). "The Original Creators: Diana Dew" (https://www.vice.com/en/article/ypnew5/the-original-creators-diana-dew) . Vice (/wiki/Vice_(magazine)) . Retrieved February 26, 2023 . ^ a b c Hoffmann, Frank; Ramirez, Beulah (June 23, 2014). "Electronic Clothes" (https://books.google.com/books?id=2PjgAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT73) . Fashion & Merchandising Fads . Routledge (/wiki/Routledge) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1560230311 . Retrieved February 16, 2019 – via Google Books. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Kopp, Bill (December 12, 2014). "Psychedelic Resurrection: The Blues Magoos Interview, Part 2" (http://blog.musoscribe.com/index.php/2014/12/12/psychedelic-resurrection-the-blues-magoos-interview-part-2/) . Musoscribe . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Smith, P. Body Covering. Museum of Contemporary Crafts, the American Craft Council, New York, NY, 1968 ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Diana Dew, designer, at "Body Covering" exhibition opening" (https://digital.craftcouncil.org/digital/collection/p15785coll6/id/6245/) . ACC Conferences, Exhibitions and Fairs (the 1960s), American Craft Council (/wiki/American_Craft_Council) . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Brandes, Wendy (December 21, 2010). "LIGHT UP WITH TRON: LEGACY, TIGER MORSE, AND DIANA DEW" (https://www.wendybrandes.com/blog/2010/12/light-up-with-tron-legacy-tiger-morse-and-diana-dew/) . Wendy Brandes Jewelry Blog . Retrieved February 6, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Diana Dew's designs" (https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_1758910) . National Museum of American History . Retrieved February 26, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Antiques Roadshow" (https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/roadshow/season/24/phoenix-az/appraisals/diana-dew-light-up-dress-ca-1965--201901T24/) . PBS . Retrieved February 26, 2023 . 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French fashion designer Mademoiselle Pagelle (died 1774) was a French fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) ( Couturier (/wiki/Couturier) ) and fashion merchant (/wiki/Fashion_merchant) . [1] (#cite_note-Langlade,_Émile-1) She had a shop in Paris named Trait Galant (/wiki/Trait_Galant) . She enjoyed great success and was a supplier of the royal courts of France and Spain. [1] (#cite_note-Langlade,_Émile-1) Among her clients were Louise Marie Adelaide de Bourbon (/wiki/Louise_Marie_Adelaide_de_Bourbon) , Louise-Elisabeth de Bourbon (/wiki/Louise-Elisabeth_de_Bourbon) , Marguerite Caron de Rancurel (mistress of Charles, Count of Charolais (/wiki/Charles_de_Bourbon,_Count_of_Charolais) ) and Madame du Barry (/wiki/Madame_du_Barry) . [1] (#cite_note-Langlade,_Émile-1) She was the dressmaker for Madame du Barry during her years as the official royal mistress of Louis XV (/wiki/Louis_XV) (1769–1774). In history, Pagelle has become known as the mentor of Rose Bertin (/wiki/Rose_Bertin) , who was employed in her establishment in 1763, and became her business partner when she secured the order for the trousseau of Louise Marie Adelaide de Bourbon (/wiki/Louise_Marie_Adelaide_de_Bourbon) ; Bertin left the partnership to establish her own business in 1770, and became a fierce business rival. In 1774, Pagelle declared bankruptcy and her client Madame du Barry also (after a period as a client of Le Sieur Beaulard (/wiki/Le_Sieur_Beaulard) ) also joined the clients of Rose Bertin. [1] (#cite_note-Langlade,_Émile-1) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d Langlade, Émile. Rose Bertin, the creator of fashion at the court of Marie-Antoinette (https://archive.org/stream/cu31924024290623/cu31924024290623_djvu.txt) (London: John Long, 1913). NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐787f648bf7‐jrdpg Cached time: 20240704233601 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.062 seconds Real time usage: 0.106 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 247/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1273/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 410/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 2114/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.022/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1098352/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 94.837 1 -total 82.24% 77.994 1 Template:Short_description 43.15% 40.920 2 Template:Pagetype 26.19% 24.840 3 Template:Main_other 23.99% 22.756 1 Template:SDcat 14.42% 13.680 1 Template:Reflist 2.22% 2.108 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:64330082-0!canonical and timestamp 20240704233601 and revision id 1187127566. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mademoiselle_Pagelle&oldid=1187127566 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mademoiselle_Pagelle&oldid=1187127566) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : French fashion designers (/wiki/Category:French_fashion_designers) French milliners (/wiki/Category:French_milliners) 18th-century French businesswomen (/wiki/Category:18th-century_French_businesswomen) 18th-century French businesspeople (/wiki/Category:18th-century_French_businesspeople) 1774 deaths (/wiki/Category:1774_deaths) French women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:French_women_fashion_designers) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Year of birth missing (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing)
2023 American film by Ben Affleck Air Theatrical release poster Directed by Ben Affleck (/wiki/Ben_Affleck) Written by Alex Convery Produced by David Ellison (/wiki/David_Ellison) Jesse Sisgold Jon Weinbach (/wiki/Jon_Weinbach) Ben Affleck Matt Damon (/wiki/Matt_Damon) Madison Ainley Jeff Robinov Peter Guber (/wiki/Peter_Guber) Jason Michael Berman (/wiki/Jason_Michael_Berman) Starring Matt Damon Ben Affleck Jason Bateman (/wiki/Jason_Bateman) Marlon Wayans (/wiki/Marlon_Wayans) Chris Messina (/wiki/Chris_Messina) Chris Tucker (/wiki/Chris_Tucker) Viola Davis (/wiki/Viola_Davis) Cinematography Robert Richardson (/wiki/Robert_Richardson_(cinematographer)) Edited by William Goldenberg (/wiki/William_Goldenberg) Production companies Amazon Studios (/wiki/Amazon_Studios) Skydance Sports (/wiki/Skydance_Sports) Artists Equity (/wiki/Artists_Equity) Mandalay Pictures (/wiki/Mandalay_Pictures) Distributed by Amazon Studios (United States) Warner Bros. Pictures (/wiki/Warner_Bros._Pictures) (International) Release dates March 18, 2023 ( 2023-03-18 ) ( SXSW (/wiki/South_by_Southwest) ) April 5, 2023 ( 2023-04-05 ) (United States) Running time 112 minutes [1] (#cite_note-1) Country United States Language English Budget $70–90 million [2] (#cite_note-THR-Budget-2) [3] (#cite_note-Variety-Budget-3) Box office $90.1 million [4] (#cite_note-NUM-4) [5] (#cite_note-BOM-5) Air is a 2023 American biographical (/wiki/Biographical_film) sports drama film (/wiki/Sports_film#Sports_drama) directed by Ben Affleck (/wiki/Ben_Affleck) and written by Alex Convery. The film is based on true events about the origin of Air Jordan (/wiki/Air_Jordan) , a basketball shoeline, of which a Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) employee seeks to strike a business deal with rookie player Michael Jordan (/wiki/Michael_Jordan) . It stars Matt Damon (/wiki/Matt_Damon) , Ben Affleck, Jason Bateman (/wiki/Jason_Bateman) , Marlon Wayans (/wiki/Marlon_Wayans) , Chris Messina (/wiki/Chris_Messina) , Chris Tucker (/wiki/Chris_Tucker) , and Viola Davis (/wiki/Viola_Davis) . The project was announced in April 2022 with Affleck set to direct, as well as star and produce alongside Damon with their newly formed production company Artists Equity (/wiki/Artists_Equity) . Principal photography (/wiki/Principal_photography) took place between June and July 2022 with Affleck reuniting with his frequent collaborators cinematographer Robert Richardson (/wiki/Robert_Richardson_(cinematographer)) and editor William Goldenberg (/wiki/William_Goldenberg) . While Michael Jordan was not involved with the production, he did meet with Affleck, offering several suggestions, including the casting of Davis as his mother. Originally set to premiere on the streaming service Amazon Prime Video (/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Video) , distributor Amazon Studios (/wiki/Amazon_Studios) opted to release the film theatrically first after positive test screenings (/wiki/Test_screening) , making it the first Amazon title since Late Night (/wiki/Late_Night_(film)) (2019) to be released in theaters without also premiering on Prime Video. Air had its premiere at South by Southwest (/wiki/South_by_Southwest) on March 18, 2023, and was released theatrically in the United States on April 5. The film received positive reviews from critics and grossed $90 million worldwide on a budget of $70–90 million. It performed well on Amazon Prime Video (/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Video) streaming. Plot [ edit ] In 1984, Oregon-based Nike, Inc. (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) is on the verge of shutting its basketball shoe division down due to low sales. In response to this, Marketing VP Rob Strasser (/wiki/Rob_Strasser) , along with co-founder and CEO Phil Knight (/wiki/Phil_Knight) , task Nike's basketball talent scout Sonny Vaccaro (/wiki/Sonny_Vaccaro) to come up with a new spokesperson for Nike basketball shoes. While considering the basketball players chosen in the 1984 NBA draft (/wiki/1984_NBA_draft) , Nike's executives think third pick Michael Jordan (/wiki/Michael_Jordan) is off limits, being both a fan of Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) and too expensive for the basketball division's meager budget. However, once he watches Jordan's highlights in conjunction with an Arthur Ashe (/wiki/Arthur_Ashe) commercial for his Head (/wiki/Head_(company)) rackets, Vaccaro becomes convinced that Nike should pursue who he considers a generational talent, with both brand and athlete building off each other. Following dinner with his friend George Raveling (/wiki/George_Raveling) , who coached Jordan in the Olympic tournament (/wiki/Basketball_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics) , and asking for his support in courting the star, Vaccaro travels to Wilmington, North Carolina (/wiki/Wilmington,_North_Carolina) , where he convinces Michael's mother Deloris that Nike would give Jordan all the attention that he would not receive from his preferred brands Adidas and Converse (/wiki/Converse_(lifestyle_wear)) . After receiving a negative phone call from Jordan's agent David Falk (/wiki/David_Falk) regarding contacting his client's family, Vaccaro learns that the Jordans have scheduled a meeting at Nike's Beaverton, Oregon (/wiki/Beaverton,_Oregon) headquarters the following Monday. Vaccaro and Strasser start preparing their pitch while requesting shoe designer Peter Moore (/wiki/Peter_Moore_(shoe_designer)) to prepare a prototype, which Moore names " Air Jordan (/wiki/Air_Jordan) " after Nike's Air Sole technology. In the meantime, Knight agrees to assign the basketball division's entire $250,000 budget to hire Jordan. After the meeting with Jordan and his parents is successful, Vaccaro learns that Adidas matched the offer while adding a Mercedes Benz 380SL (/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_R107_and_C107) , and he thinks the deal will not go through. However, Vaccaro receives a call from Deloris, who states that Michael will sign with Nike on the condition he earns a percentage of every Air Jordan sold. Even though Vaccaro thinks the company's higher-ups would not accept this bonus due to industry precedent, Knight goes with it, deeming necessary to ensure the endorsement. An epilogue reveals the Air Jordan exceeded Knight's expectations of $3 million in sales, earning $162 million [6] (#cite_note-38years-6) [7] (#cite_note-EverythingAM-7) [8] (#cite_note-TempleNow-8) in one year and becoming a steady source of income for Nike. Cast [ edit ] Matt Damon (/wiki/Matt_Damon) as Sonny Vaccaro (/wiki/Sonny_Vaccaro) Ben Affleck (/wiki/Ben_Affleck) as Phil Knight (/wiki/Phil_Knight) Jason Bateman (/wiki/Jason_Bateman) as Rob Strasser (/wiki/Rob_Strasser) Chris Messina (/wiki/Chris_Messina) as David Falk (/wiki/David_Falk) Matthew Maher (/wiki/Matthew_Maher_(actor)) as Peter Moore (/wiki/Peter_Moore_(shoe_designer)) Marlon Wayans (/wiki/Marlon_Wayans) as George Raveling (/wiki/George_Raveling) Jay Mohr (/wiki/Jay_Mohr) as John Fisher Julius Tennon as James Jordan (/wiki/James_R._Jordan_Sr.) Chris Tucker (/wiki/Chris_Tucker) as Howard White Viola Davis (/wiki/Viola_Davis) as Deloris Jordan (/wiki/Deloris_Jordan) Dan Bucatinsky (/wiki/Dan_Bucatinsky) as Richard Gustaf Skarsgård (/wiki/Gustaf_Skarsg%C3%A5rd) as Horst Dassler (/wiki/Horst_Dassler) Jessica Green (/wiki/Jessica_Green_(actress)) as Katrina Sainz In addition, Damian Young appears in a few scenes, speaking only three words (" Bulls (/wiki/Chicago_Bulls) Colors" when shown the prototype for the Air Jordan, and "Hello", heard over a telephone) and generally filmed from behind, as Michael Jordan (/wiki/Michael_Jordan) . Production [ edit ] Development [ edit ] The screenplay was written by Alex Convery between 2020 and 2021, appearing on 2021's Black List (/wiki/The_Black_List_(survey)) under the title Air Jordan . [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-THR-10) Convery had the idea for the film while watching a brief segment in the documentary miniseries The Last Dance (/wiki/The_Last_Dance_(miniseries)) about how Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) signed basketball player Michael Jordan (/wiki/Michael_Jordan) and created the Air Jordan (/wiki/Air_Jordan) . He then researched the history further. [11] (#cite_note-Idea-11) It was reported in April 2022 that the script had been bought by Amazon Studios (/wiki/Amazon_Studios) , who were to produce with Skydance Sports (/wiki/Skydance_Sports) and Mandalay Pictures (/wiki/Mandalay_Pictures) , with Ben Affleck (/wiki/Ben_Affleck) and Matt Damon (/wiki/Matt_Damon) teaming to star in the film, while Affleck would direct. [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-opening-13) Filming [ edit ] Principal photography (/wiki/Principal_photography) began in Los Angeles on June 6, 2022, with Jason Bateman (/wiki/Jason_Bateman) , Viola Davis (/wiki/Viola_Davis) , Chris Tucker (/wiki/Chris_Tucker) , Marlon Wayans (/wiki/Marlon_Wayans) , and Chris Messina (/wiki/Chris_Messina) amongst several additions to the cast. [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) Robert Richardson (/wiki/Robert_Richardson_(cinematographer)) served as cinematographer, using the Arri Alexa 35 (/wiki/Arri_Alexa#Arri_Alexa_35) camera to film with. [17] (#cite_note-17) It wrapped up in July 2022. [18] (#cite_note-18) The same month, Joel Gretsch (/wiki/Joel_Gretsch) , Gustaf Skarsgård (/wiki/Gustaf_Skarsg%C3%A5rd) , and Jessica Green (/wiki/Jessica_Green_(actress)) were announced to be among the cast. [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) The character of Michael Jordan is portrayed in the film, though his face is not seen and has limited dialogue. [21] (#cite_note-21) Although not directly involved with the film, Jordan met with Affleck prior to the beginning of production and gave the project his blessing, asking for four changes to the script. Jordan asked for the inclusion of George Raveling (/wiki/George_Raveling) , his assistant coach on the 1984 United States men's Olympic basketball team (/wiki/1984_United_States_men%27s_Olympic_basketball_team) , who was the first to recommend that he should sign with Nike. [11] (#cite_note-Idea-11) [22] (#cite_note-22) [23] (#cite_note-23) Jordan also asked that Howard White, vice president of Nike's Jordan Brand and his personal friend, be included in the film. This directly led to Affleck casting Tucker, with whom he had long wanted to work and whom Jordan knew. [24] (#cite_note-McEvoy-24) He also asked for the removal of Tinker Hatfield (/wiki/Tinker_Hatfield) as a character, as Hatfield, despite working at Nike at the time, was not involved with the creation of the Air Jordan. [10] (#cite_note-THR-10) Finally, Jordan asked the roles of his parents, James R. Jordan Sr. (/wiki/James_R._Jordan_Sr.) and Deloris Jordan, to be extended, and the casting of Davis to play his mother, who was instrumental in making his mind about meeting and signing a deal with Nike, was his idea. [24] (#cite_note-McEvoy-24) [25] (#cite_note-25) Affleck and Damon did an uncredited script revision to accommodate Jordan's asks. [11] (#cite_note-Idea-11) Music [ edit ] Main article: Air (soundtrack) (/wiki/Air_(soundtrack)) Affleck curated a playlist titled 1984 on Spotify (/wiki/Spotify) , having more than hundreds of popular hits from the 1980s. [26] (#cite_note-26) He sent the playlist to music supervisor Andrea von Foerster, and instructed her to select the tracks that are apt for the film. Since she did not have a big-budget for the film's music, she asked artists and music publishers to trust the film's story and compile the soundtrack. [27] (#cite_note-27) [28] (#cite_note-28) The soundtrack to the film featured 13 songs out of the 23 needle drops and 18 score cues as heard in the film, and released under the Legacy Recordings (/wiki/Legacy_Recordings) label on April 5, 2023. [29] (#cite_note-29) Release [ edit ] Air was originally slated for a streaming-only release on Amazon Prime Video (/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Video) , [2] (#cite_note-THR-Budget-2) but Amazon Studios eventually decided to release the film theatrically following strong results from test screenings (/wiki/Test_screening) . [30] (#cite_note-Preview-30) Air was theatrically released in the United States on April 5, 2023, making it the first Amazon title since Late Night (/wiki/Late_Night_(film)) (2019) to be given an exclusive theatrical release. Warner Bros. Pictures (/wiki/Warner_Bros._Pictures) handled the film's international theatrical and worldwide physical home media release. Amazon also gave the film a longer theatrical window before releasing it on Prime Video globally than their previous theatrical releases. [31] (#cite_note-Release-31) The film closed out the South by Southwest (/wiki/South_by_Southwest) festival on March 18, 2023. [32] (#cite_note-32) The film was released via streaming on Amazon Prime Video on May 12, 2023. [33] (#cite_note-33) Amazon spent $40–50 million promoting the film, [3] (#cite_note-Variety-Budget-3) [13] (#cite_note-opening-13) including $7 million on an ad which aired during Super Bowl LVII (/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVII) . [34] (#cite_note-34) According to Deadline , Amazon "relished the long tail of the movie and its impact on Prime Video (/wiki/Prime_Video) in terms of views, subscriber hold, and resonance on other parts of Amazon.com." [35] (#cite_note-35) It was released on Blu-ray (/wiki/Blu-ray) and DVD (/wiki/DVD) on September 12, 2023, by Warner Bros. Home Entertainment (/wiki/Warner_Bros._Home_Entertainment) . Despite being a film from Amazon Studios, the physical release is credited as a Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer) release due to the acquisition of that studio by Amazon (/wiki/Amazon_(company)) in 2022. [36] (#cite_note-36) The film would have its broadcast television premiere on ABC (/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company) on June 11, 2024, serving as a bridge program for the network's broadcast of the 2024 NBA Finals (/wiki/2024_NBA_Finals) , playing on an off night between Games 2 and 3. [37] (#cite_note-37) Reception [ edit ] Box office [ edit ] In theatres, Air grossed $52.5 million in the United States and Canada, and $37.6 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $90.1 million. [5] (#cite_note-BOM-5) [4] (#cite_note-NUM-4) In the United States and Canada, Air was released alongside The Super Mario Bros. Movie (/wiki/The_Super_Mario_Bros._Movie) , and was projected to gross $16–18 million from 3,507 theaters in its five-day opening weekend. [30] (#cite_note-Preview-30) [2] (#cite_note-THR-Budget-2) [3] (#cite_note-Variety-Budget-3) It made $3.2 million on its first day and $2.4 million on its second. The film went on to debut to $14.4 million (and a total of $20.2 million over the five days), finishing third at the box office; 49% of the audience was older than 35. [13] (#cite_note-opening-13) The film made $7.6 million and $5.5 million in its second and third weekend, respectively, finishing fifth both times. [38] (#cite_note-38) [39] (#cite_note-39) Outside of the US and Canada, Air grossed $10.5 million from 59 markets in its opening weekend. [40] (#cite_note-DHInt1stBO-40) In its second weekend, the film earned $6.2 million from 66 markets for a drop of 34%. [41] (#cite_note-DHInt2ndBO-41) Critical response [ edit ] On the review aggregator (/wiki/Review_aggregator) website Rotten Tomatoes (/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes) , 93% of 338 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 7.7/10. The website's consensus reads: "A fact-based drama that no one will dunk on, Air aims to dramatize events that changed the sports world forever—and hits almost nothing but net." [42] (#cite_note-Rotten_Tomatoes-42) Metacritic (/wiki/Metacritic) , which uses a weighted average (/wiki/Weighted_arithmetic_mean) , assigned the film a score of 73 out of 100, based on 59 critics, indicating "generally favorable" reviews. [43] (#cite_note-Metacritic-43) Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore (/wiki/CinemaScore) gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale, while those polled by PostTrak (/wiki/PostTrak) gave it a 93% positive score, with 83% saying they would definitely recommend it. [13] (#cite_note-opening-13) Chicago Sun-Times (/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times) 's Richard Roeper (/wiki/Richard_Roeper) gave the film four out of four stars, writing "Thanks to Affleck's sure-handed, period-piece-perfect direction, a crackling good screenplay by Alex Convery and the lively, funny, warm, passionate performances from the A-list cast, Air is as entertaining and fast-paced as an NBA Finals game that is destined for overtime." [44] (#cite_note-44) Peter Debruge, writing for Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) , gave the film a positive review and praised the performances, saying: " Air ought to be taken as the ultimate example of the American dream, a funny, touching Cinderella story about how the third-place sneaker brand wished upon a star, and how that man—and his mother—were smart enough to know their value." [45] (#cite_note-45) The Hollywood Reporter (/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter) ' s Lovia Gyarkye also gave the film a positive review and deemed that, "For most audiences, Air will be worth seeing just for the starry cast—particularly the reunion between Damon and Affleck. Their scenes possess a kinetic and intimate dynamism that the rest of the film approaches but doesn't always match." [46] (#cite_note-46) Less flatteringly, NPR (/wiki/NPR) 's Aisha Harris (/wiki/Aisha_Harris) summarily dismissed the film's "flimsy premise" as a "craven exercise in capitalist exaltation"; though she praised Davis and Messina's performances, Harris resented the overall inadequate character development and concluded with the impression that there was "something ultimately hollow about trying to extract FUBU (/wiki/FUBU) mentality from what amounts to a two-hour ad for Nike and the uber-rich". [47] (#cite_note-47) Similarly, Peter Bradshaw (/wiki/Peter_Bradshaw) of The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) admonished the film for "looking like the most expensive in-house corporate promo in history: shallow, parochial and obtuse" and also bemoaned the underutilization of Davis, who he described as having "more charisma and force than the rest of the cast put together". [48] (#cite_note-48) Accolades [ edit ] Award Date of Ceremony Category Recipient(s) Result Ref. Astra Film and Creative Awards (/wiki/Hollywood_Creative_Alliance) January 6, 2024 (/wiki/7th_Astra_Film_Awards) Best Picture Air Nominated [49] (#cite_note-auto-49) Best Director Ben Affleck Nominated Best Original Screenplay Alex Convery Nominated Best Supporting Actress Viola Davis Nominated Best Cast Ensemble The cast of Air [50] (#cite_note-cast-50) Nominated February 26, 2024 (/wiki/2nd_Astra_Film_Creative_Arts_Awards) Best Casting Mary Vernieu, Lindsay Graham Ahanonu Nominated Black Reel Awards (/wiki/Black_Reel_Awards) January 16, 2024 (/wiki/Black_Reel_Awards_of_2024) Outstanding Supporting Performance Viola Davis Nominated [51] (#cite_note-auto1-51) Outstanding Costume Design Charlese Antoinette Jones Nominated Outstanding Hairstyle and Make-up Carla Farmer Nominated Critics' Choice Movie Awards (/wiki/Critics%27_Choice_Movie_Awards) January 14, 2024 (/wiki/29th_Critics%27_Choice_Awards) Best Acting Ensemble (/wiki/Critics%27_Choice_Movie_Award_for_Best_Acting_Ensemble) The cast of Air [50] (#cite_note-cast-50) Nominated [52] (#cite_note-52) Best Original Screenplay (/wiki/Critics%27_Choice_Movie_Award_for_Best_Original_Screenplay) Alex Convery Nominated Best Editing (/wiki/Critics%27_Choice_Movie_Award_for_Best_Editing) William Goldenberg Nominated Golden Globe Awards (/wiki/Golden_Globe_Awards) January 7, 2024 (/wiki/81st_Golden_Globe_Awards) Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy (/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Motion_Picture_%E2%80%93_Musical_or_Comedy) Air Nominated [51] (#cite_note-auto1-51) Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy (/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Actor_%E2%80%93_Motion_Picture_Musical_or_Comedy) Matt Damon Nominated Gotham Independent Film Awards (/wiki/Gotham_Awards) November 27, 2023 (/wiki/Gotham_Independent_Film_Awards_2023) Visionary Icon & Creator Tribute Air Won [53] (#cite_note-53) Heartland Film 2023 Truly Moving Picture Award Won [54] (#cite_note-54) Hollywood Critics Association Midseason Film Awards (/wiki/Hollywood_Critics_Association_Midseason_Film_Awards) June 30, 2023 (/wiki/6th_Hollywood_Critics_Association_Midseason_Film_Awards) Best Picture Nominated [49] (#cite_note-auto-49) Best Director Ben Affleck Nominated Best Actor (/wiki/Hollywood_Creative_Alliance_Midseason_Award_for_Best_Actor) Matt Damon Won Best Supporting Actor Chris Messina Nominated Ben Affleck Nominated Best Supporting Actress Viola Davis Won Best Screenplay Alex Convery Runner-up Hollywood Music in Media Awards (/wiki/Hollywood_Music_in_Media_Awards) November 15, 2023 (/wiki/14th_Hollywood_Music_in_Media_Awards) Music Supervision — Film (/wiki/Hollywood_Music_in_Media_Award_for_Best_Music_Supervision_%E2%80%93_Film) Andrea Von Foerster Nominated [55] (#cite_note-55) [56] (#cite_note-56) Mill Valley Film Festival (/wiki/Mill_Valley_Film_Festival) October 16, 2023 Variety Screenwriters to Watch Alex Convery Won [57] (#cite_note-57) San Diego Film Critics Society Awards (/wiki/San_Diego_Film_Critics_Society_Awards) December 11, 2023 (/wiki/San_Diego_Film_Critics_Society_Awards_2023) Best Performance by an Ensemble (/wiki/San_Diego_Film_Critics_Society_Award_for_Best_Performance_by_an_Ensemble) The cast of Air Nominated [58] (#cite_note-58) Best Use of Music Air Nominated St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association Awards (/wiki/St._Louis_Gateway_Film_Critics_Association_Awards) December 10, 2023 (/wiki/St._Louis_Gateway_Film_Critics_Association_Awards_2023) Best Supporting Actress Viola Davis Nominated [59] (#cite_note-59) Best Original Screenplay Alex Convery Nominated Best Soundtrack Air (Official Soundtrack) Nominated Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Awards (/wiki/Washington_D.C._Area_Film_Critics_Association_Awards) December 10, 2023 (/wiki/Washington_D.C._Area_Film_Critics_Association_Awards_2023) Best Supporting Actress (/wiki/Washington_D.C._Area_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Supporting_Actress) Viola Davis Nominated [49] (#cite_note-auto-49) Best Original Screenplay (/wiki/Washington_D.C._Area_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Original_Screenplay) Alex Convery Nominated Writers Guild of America Awards (/wiki/Writers_Guild_of_America_Awards) April 14, 2024 (/wiki/76th_Writers_Guild_of_America_Awards) Best Original Screenplay (/wiki/Writers_Guild_of_America_Award_for_Best_Original_Screenplay) Alex Convery Nominated [60] (#cite_note-60) Political usage [ edit ] In June 2023, Donald Trump (/wiki/Donald_Trump) used the monologue from the film in a fundraising 2024 presidential campaign (/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election) video on Truth Social (/wiki/Truth_Social) . Damon and Affleck's production company Artists Equity (/wiki/Artists_Equity) condemned the usage as unauthorized. [61] (#cite_note-61) See also [ edit ] List of basketball films (/wiki/List_of_basketball_films) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) " (https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/air-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0xmdexmjm0) Air (15)" (https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/air-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0xmdexmjm0) . BBFC (/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification) . March 30, 2023 . Retrieved March 30, 2023 . ^ a b c McClintock, Pamela (April 4, 2023). "Box Office: 'Super Mario Bros.' to Find Oodles of Easter Eggs, Ben Affleck's 'Air' Joins Hunt" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/super-mario-bros-movie-box-office-preview-air-1235366624/amp/) . The Hollywood Reporter (/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter) . Retrieved April 4, 2023 . ^ a b c McClintock, Pamela (April 4, 2023). "Box Office Preview: 'Super Mario Bros.' Aims for $125 Million, Ben Affleck's 'Air' Targets $16 Million Debut" (https://variety.com/2023/film/box-office/box-office-preview-super-mario-bros-opening-weekend-100-million-1235572079/) . Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) . Retrieved April 4, 2023 . ^ a b " (https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Air-(2023)) Air (2023) " (https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Air-(2023)) . The Numbers (/wiki/The_Numbers_(website)) . Nash Information Services, LLC . Retrieved May 31, 2023 . ^ a b " (https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt16419074/) Air (2023) " (https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt16419074/) . Box Office Mojo (/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo) . IMDb (/wiki/IMDb) . Retrieved May 31, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-38years_6-0) Benson, Pat (October 26, 2022). "Michael Jordan & Nike Celebrate 38 Years Together" (https://www.si.com/fannation/sneakers/news/michael-jordan-nike-celebrate-38-years-together) . FanNation (/wiki/FanNation) . Retrieved March 22, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-EverythingAM_7-0) Gupta, Manas Sen (March 21, 2023). " (https://www.augustman.com/hk/amselect/hit-list/everything-to-know-about-michael-jordan-and-nike-association/) 'Air': Deep-Diving Into The Legendary Partnership Between Michael Jordan And Nike" (https://www.augustman.com/hk/amselect/hit-list/everything-to-know-about-michael-jordan-and-nike-association/) . August Man (/wiki/August_Man) . Retrieved March 22, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-TempleNow_8-0) Baum, Brent (April 3, 2023). "How Michael Jordan revolutionized the sneaker industry—and our relationship to shoes" (https://news.temple.edu/news/2023-04-03/how-michael-jordan-revolutionized-sneaker-industry-and-our-relationship-shoes) . Temple Now (/wiki/Temple_University) . Retrieved May 11, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Hipes, Patrick (December 13, 2021). "The Black List 2021: Daniel Jackson's (https://deadline.com/2021/12/the-black-list-2021-screenplays-list-scripts-1234890009/) Cauliflower Tops Heap Of Year's Most-Liked Unproduced Screenplays" (https://deadline.com/2021/12/the-black-list-2021-screenplays-list-scripts-1234890009/) . Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220611182716/https://deadline.com/2021/12/the-black-list-2021-screenplays-list-scripts-1234890009/) from the original on June 11, 2022 . Retrieved June 26, 2022 . ^ a b Davids, Brian (April 11, 2023). " (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-features/air-michael-jordan-was-shown-original-script-1235371417/) 'Air' Writer Alex Convery on the Original Plan for Michael Jordan and Building Matt Damon's Show-Stopping Monologue" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-features/air-michael-jordan-was-shown-original-script-1235371417/) . The Hollywood Reporter . Retrieved April 16, 2023 . ^ a b c Mottram, James (April 6, 2023). "How Ben Affleck courted Michael Jordan for Nike drama 'Air' (https://www.nme.com/features/film-interviews/ben-affleck-michael-jordan-air-nike-matt-damon-3426185) " (https://www.nme.com/features/film-interviews/ben-affleck-michael-jordan-air-nike-matt-damon-3426185) . NME . Retrieved April 16, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Grobar, Matt (April 19, 2022). "Ben Affleck To Direct Nike Drama For Amazon, Skydance Sports; Will Star Alongside Matt Damon" (https://deadline.com/2022/04/ben-affleck-matt-damon-to-star-in-nike-drama-for-amazon-affleck-directing-1235006179/) . Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220816174255/https://deadline.com/2022/04/ben-affleck-matt-damon-to-star-in-nike-drama-for-amazon-affleck-directing-1235006179/) from the original on August 16, 2022 . Retrieved June 10, 2022 . ^ a b c d D'Alessandro, Anthony (April 9, 2023). " (https://deadline.com/2023/04/box-office-super-mario-bros-movie-air-amazon-ben-affleck-1235318951/) 'Super Mario Bros' Hits High Scores: Record Opening For Animated Pic At $377M+ WW, 5-Day U.S. Record $204M+; 'Air' Soars To $20M – Sunday Box Office Update" (https://deadline.com/2023/04/box-office-super-mario-bros-movie-air-amazon-ben-affleck-1235318951/) . Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) . Retrieved April 9, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Grobar, Matt (June 10, 2022). "Jason Bateman, Viola Davis, Chris Tucker, Marlon Wayans, Chris Messina & More Join Ben Affleck's Nike Drama For Prime Video" (https://deadline.com/2022/06/jason-bateman-viola-davis-chris-tucker-more-join-ben-afflecks-nike-drama-1235041678/) . Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220610180601/https://deadline.com/2022/06/jason-bateman-viola-davis-chris-tucker-more-join-ben-afflecks-nike-drama-1235041678/) from the original on June 10, 2022 . 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Las Vegas Review-Journal . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221008160934/https://www.reviewjournal.com/entertainment/entertainment-columns/kats/chris-tucker-finishes-michael-jordan-film-in-return-to-strip-2604254/) from the original on October 8, 2022 . Retrieved February 2, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Grobar, Matt (July 13, 2022). "Ben Affleck's Nike Drama For Amazon Adds Joel Gretsch & Gustaf Skarsgård" (https://deadline.com/2022/07/ben-afflecks-nike-drama-for-amazon-adds-joel-gretsch-gustaf-skarsgard-1235062959/) . Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220713172242/https://deadline.com/2022/07/ben-afflecks-nike-drama-for-amazon-adds-joel-gretsch-gustaf-skarsgard-1235062959/) from the original on July 13, 2022 . Retrieved July 13, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Grobar, Matt (July 18, 2022). " (https://deadline.com/2022/07/jessica-green-boards-ben-affleck-nike-pic-latest-white-men-cant-jump-casting-1235071731/) The Outpost Star Jessica Green Joins Ben Affleck's Nike Drama For Amazon; (https://deadline.com/2022/07/jessica-green-boards-ben-affleck-nike-pic-latest-white-men-cant-jump-casting-1235071731/) White Men Can't Jump Adds (https://deadline.com/2022/07/jessica-green-boards-ben-affleck-nike-pic-latest-white-men-cant-jump-casting-1235071731/) Euphoria s Zak Steiner" (https://deadline.com/2022/07/jessica-green-boards-ben-affleck-nike-pic-latest-white-men-cant-jump-casting-1235071731/) . Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220718190821/https://deadline.com/2022/07/jessica-green-boards-ben-affleck-nike-pic-latest-white-men-cant-jump-casting-1235071731/) from the original on July 18, 2022 . Retrieved July 18, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Juneau, Jen (June 30, 2022). "Ben Affleck and Matt Damon Spotted Together on Set of Their Upcoming Nike Movie" (https://people.com/movies/ben-affleck-matt-damon-nike-movie-set-photos-los-angeles/) . People (/wiki/People_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230202221833/https://people.com/movies/ben-affleck-matt-damon-nike-movie-set-photos-los-angeles/) from the original on February 2, 2023 . Retrieved February 2, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Cash, Meredith (March 29, 2023). "Michael Jordan gave Ben Affleck a list of things he wanted in the biopic 'Air,' including a prominent role for a Team USA assistant coach and Viola Davis as his mother" (https://www.insider.com/michael-jordan-ben-affleck-list-air-nike-movie-2023-3) . Insider . Retrieved April 16, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) Bardini, Julio (April 6, 2023). " (https://collider.com/air-michael-jordan-involvement/) 'Air' Wouldn't Be the Same Without Michael Jordan's Involvement" (https://collider.com/air-michael-jordan-involvement/) . Collider . 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"Ben Affleck Reveals the '80s Classics That Inspired His New Movie, (https://newsroom.spotify.com/2023-04-10/air-soundtrack-ben-affleck-michael-jordan-shoes-80s-1984-playlist/) Air " (https://newsroom.spotify.com/2023-04-10/air-soundtrack-ben-affleck-michael-jordan-shoes-80s-1984-playlist/) . Spotify . Retrieved June 5, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "Air Music Supervisor Talks Creating The Movie's Iconic Soundtrack" (https://screenrant.com/air-movie-music-supervisor-interview/) . ScreenRant . April 29, 2023 . Retrieved June 5, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) Tangcay, Jazz (April 11, 2023). "How Ben Affleck's 1984 Playlist Inspired 'Air' Movie's Soundtrack" (https://variety.com/2023/artisans/news/ben-affleck-1984-playlist-inspired-air-movie-soundtrack-1235579287/) . Variety . Retrieved June 5, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) Rosen, Christopher (April 5, 2023). "Ben Affleck's 'Air' soundtrack: The album track list and some surprise '80s movie scores" (https://www.goldderby.com/article/2023/ben-affleck-air-movie-soundtrack-score/) . GoldDerby . Retrieved June 5, 2023 . ^ a b D'Alessandro, Anthony; Tartaglione, Nancy (April 3, 2023). "Let's A-Go: 'Super Mario Bros Movie' Leveling up to $225M+ Global Bow, Possibly Year's Best So Far – Box Office Preview" (https://deadline.com/2023/04/super-mario-bros-air-box-office-opening-ben-affleck-amazon-1235316883/) . Deadline Hollywood . Retrieved April 16, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-Release_31-0) D'Alessandro, Anthony (January 23, 2023). "Amazon Studios Returns To Wide Theatrical With Ben Affleck & Matt Damon Nike Movie 'Air' This Spring" (https://deadline.com/2023/01/ben-affleck-matt-damon-amazon-studios-nike-movie-air-theatrical-release-date-1235237259/) . Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230123160558/https://deadline.com/2023/01/ben-affleck-matt-damon-amazon-studios-nike-movie-air-theatrical-release-date-1235237259/) from the original on January 23, 2023 . Retrieved January 23, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) Rubin, Rebecca (March 13, 2023). "Ben Affleck and Matt Damon's Nike Film 'Air' to Make Surprise Debut at SXSW (Exclusive)" (https://variety.com/2023/film/news/ben-affleck-matt-damon-air-movie-sxsw-1235552639/) . Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) . Retrieved March 13, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) D'Alessandro, Anthony (May 2, 2023). " (https://deadline.com/2023/05/air-prime-video-release-date-1235353543/) Air To Stream Next Week On Prime Video" (https://deadline.com/2023/05/air-prime-video-release-date-1235353543/) . Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) . Retrieved May 2, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) Siegel, Tatiana (February 3, 2023). "Ben Affleck, Matt Damon's Nike Film 'Air' to Get $7 Million Super Bowl Ad From Amazon, Plus Unprecedented Theatrical Release (Exclusive)" (https://variety.com/2023/film/news/ben-affleck-matt-damon-nike-film-air-theatrical-release-super-bowl-ad-amazon-1235511956/) . Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230208202357/https://variety.com/2023/film/news/ben-affleck-matt-damon-nike-film-air-theatrical-release-super-bowl-ad-amazon-1235511956/) from the original on February 8, 2023 . Retrieved February 8, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) D'Alessandro, Anthony (October 23, 2023). "Taylor Swift Even More Bejeweled With $33M Second Weekend; 'Killers Of The Flower Moon' Brings Adults Back To Cinemas With $23M+ Opening & A- CinemaScore – Monday Box Office Update" (https://deadline.com/2023/10/box-office-taylor-swift-killers-of-the-flower-moon-1235579033/) . ^ (#cite_ref-36) "Air Blu-ray" (https://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=33014) . ^ (#cite_ref-37) WhatToWatch.com: "Ben Affleck, Matt Damon Movie "Air" Plays on ABC Tonight, June 11, to Fill NBA Finals Gap" (https://www.whattowatch.com/news/ben-affleck-matt-damon-movie-air-plays-on-abc-tonight-june-11-to-fill-nba-finals-gap) ^ (#cite_ref-38) D'Alessandro, Anthony (April 16, 2023). " (https://deadline.com/2023/04/box-office-super-mario-bros-renfield-popes-exorcist-1235325394/) 'Super Mario Bros' Now At $87M: Best Second Weekend Ever For Animated Movie & Illumination – Saturday PM Box Office" (https://deadline.com/2023/04/box-office-super-mario-bros-renfield-popes-exorcist-1235325394/) . Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) . Retrieved April 16, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-39) D'Alessandro, Anthony (April 22, 2023). " (https://deadline.com/2023/04/box-office-evil-dead-rise-super-mario-bros-movie-2-1235333373/) 'Super Mario Bros' Has Best Third Weekend For Animated Pic With $58M+; 'Evil Dead Rise' Still Alive With $23M+ – Sunday Box Office Update" (https://deadline.com/2023/04/box-office-evil-dead-rise-super-mario-bros-movie-2-1235333373/) . Deadline Hollywood . Retrieved April 23, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-DHInt1stBO_40-0) Tartaglione, Nancy (April 9, 2023). "Bowza!: 'The Super Mario Bros Movie' Makes History With $378M Global Start; Best-Ever WW Debut For An Animated Film & No. 2 Overseas Launch With $173M – International Box Office" (https://deadline.com/2023/04/the-super-mario-bros-movie-opening-china-global-international-box-office-1235318557/) . Deadline Hollywood . Retrieved April 9, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-DHInt2ndBO_41-0) Tartaglione, Nancy (April 17, 2023). " (https://deadline.com/2023/04/super-mario-bros-movie-second-weekend-global-international-box-office-1235326157/) 'Super Mario Bros' Jumps Higher With $693M WW Through Sunday, Will Barrel Past $700M Today; 'John Wick 4' Reaches Franchise-Best $350M – International Box Office" (https://deadline.com/2023/04/super-mario-bros-movie-second-weekend-global-international-box-office-1235326157/) . Deadline Hollywood . Retrieved April 17, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-Rotten_Tomatoes_42-0) " (https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/air_2023) Air " (https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/air_2023) . Rotten Tomatoes (/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes) . Fandango Media (/wiki/Fandango_Media) . Retrieved December 16, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-Metacritic_43-0) " (https://www.metacritic.com/movie/air-2023) Air " (https://www.metacritic.com/movie/air-2023) . Metacritic (/wiki/Metacritic) . Fandom, Inc. (/wiki/Fandom_(website)#Fandom,_Inc.) Retrieved April 29, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-44) Roeper, Richard (/wiki/Richard_Roeper) (April 3, 2023). " (https://chicago.suntimes.com/movies-and-tv/2023/4/3/23666943/air-review-michael-jordan-movie-nike-ben-affleck-matt-damon-viola-davis) 'Air,' about Nike chasing Michael Jordan, is year's best film so far" (https://chicago.suntimes.com/movies-and-tv/2023/4/3/23666943/air-review-michael-jordan-movie-nike-ben-affleck-matt-damon-viola-davis) . Chicago Sun-Times (/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times) . Retrieved April 4, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-45) Debruge, Peter (March 18, 2023). " (https://variety.com/2023/film/reviews/air-review-ben-affleck-michael-jordan-1235558689/) 'Air' Review: Ben Affleck Turns Nike's Quest to Sign Michael Jordan Into This Generation's 'Jerry Maguire' (https://variety.com/2023/film/reviews/air-review-ben-affleck-michael-jordan-1235558689/) " (https://variety.com/2023/film/reviews/air-review-ben-affleck-michael-jordan-1235558689/) . Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) . Retrieved April 4, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-46) Gyarkye, Lovia (March 18, 2023). " (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/air-review-ben-affleck-matt-damon-viola-davis-1235356044/) 'Air' Review: Ben Affleck's Ode to Michael Jordan Is Affectionate and Involving, Even When It Fails to Convince" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/air-review-ben-affleck-matt-damon-viola-davis-1235356044/) . The Hollywood Reporter (/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter) . Retrieved April 4, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-47) Harris, Aisha (April 5, 2023). "No substance, just 'Air' (https://www.npr.org/2023/04/05/1167946082/air-review-ben-affleck-matt-damon-viola-davis) " (https://www.npr.org/2023/04/05/1167946082/air-review-ben-affleck-matt-damon-viola-davis) . NPR (/wiki/NPR) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230406043009/https://www.npr.org/2023/04/05/1167946082/air-review-ben-affleck-matt-damon-viola-davis) from the original on April 6, 2023 . Retrieved April 6, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-48) Bradshaw, Peter (April 5, 2023). "Air review – Ben Affleck and Matt Damon drop the ball in Michael Jordan shoe drama" (https://www.theguardian.com/film/2023/apr/05/air-review-ben-affleck-matt-damon-michael-jordan-nike-shoe) . The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230406145654/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2023/apr/05/air-review-ben-affleck-matt-damon-michael-jordan-nike-shoe) from the original on April 6, 2023 . Retrieved April 6, 2023 . ^ a b c Neglia, Matt (June 30, 2023). "The 2023 Hollywood Critics Association (HCA) Midseason Award Winners" (https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2023-hollywood-critics-association-hca-midseason-award-winners/) . Next Best Picture . Retrieved November 7, 2023 . ^ a b Matt Damon (/wiki/Matt_Damon) , Ben Affleck (/wiki/Ben_Affleck) , Jason Bateman (/wiki/Jason_Bateman) , Chris Messina (/wiki/Chris_Messina) , Matthew Maher (/wiki/Matthew_Maher_(actor)) , Marlon Wayans (/wiki/Marlon_Wayans) , Jay Mohr (/wiki/Jay_Mohr) , Julius Tennon, Chris Tucker (/wiki/Chris_Tucker) , Viola Davis (/wiki/Viola_Davis) , Dan Bucatinsky (/wiki/Dan_Bucatinsky) , Gustaf Skarsgård (/wiki/Gustaf_Skarsg%C3%A5rd) , Jessica Green (/wiki/Jessica_Green_(actress)) ^ a b Shanfeld, Ethan (December 11, 2023). "Golden Globes 2024: Full Nominations List (Updating Live)" (https://variety.com/2023/film/news/golden-globes-nominations-list-nominees-2024-1235831576/) . Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) . Retrieved December 11, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-52) Hammond, Pete (December 13, 2023). "The Critics Choice is 'Barbie' with 18 CCA Nominations; 'Oppenheimer', 'Poor Things' Follow with 13 Each" (https://deadline.com/2023/12/critics-choice-film-nominations-2023-1235665954/) . Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) . Retrieved December 13, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-53) Davis, Clayton (October 16, 2023). "Ben Affleck's 'Air' to Receive the Inaugural Visionary Icon and Creator Tribute at the Gotham Awards (EXCLUSIVE)" (https://variety.com/2023/film/awards/ben-affleck-gotham-awards-tribute-air-1235757282/) . Variety . Retrieved November 7, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-54) "TMPA Archives" (https://www.heartlandfilm.org/tmpaarchives) . Heartland Film . Retrieved November 7, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-55) "2023 HMMA Nominations" (https://www.hmmawards.com/2023-hmma-nominations/) . Hollywood Music In Media Awards . Retrieved November 7, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-56) "2023 HMMA WINNERS AND NOMINEES" (https://www.hmmawards.com/2023-hmma-winners-and-nominees/) . Hollywood Music In Media Awards . Retrieved November 16, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-57) "Variety's 10 Screenwriters to Watch 2022" (https://variety.com/lists/variety-screenwriters-to-watch-2022/) . Variety . October 6, 2022 . Retrieved November 7, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-58) "2023 San Diego Film Critics Society Nominations" (https://www.sdfcs.org/2023-nominations/) . San Diego Film Critics Society (/wiki/San_Diego_Film_Critics_Society) . December 14, 2023 . Retrieved December 16, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-59) Neglia, Matt (December 17, 2023). "The 2023 St. Louis Film Critics Association (StLFCA) Winners" (https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2023-st-louis-film-critics-association-stlfca-winners/) . Next Best Picture . Retrieved December 18, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-60) Lewis, Hilary (February 21, 2024). "WGA Awards: (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/2024-writers-guild-awards-nominations-nominees-list-1235831599/) Air , (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/2024-writers-guild-awards-nominations-nominees-list-1235831599/) Barbie , (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/2024-writers-guild-awards-nominations-nominees-list-1235831599/) Oppenheimer , (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/2024-writers-guild-awards-nominations-nominees-list-1235831599/) May December Among Film Screenplay Nominees" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/2024-writers-guild-awards-nominations-nominees-list-1235831599/) . The Hollywood Reporter (/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter) . Retrieved February 22, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-61) Kreps, Daniel (June 11, 2023). "Ben Affleck, Matt Damon Slam Unauthorized Use of 'Air' Monologue in Trump Campaign Video" (https://www.rollingstone.com/tv-movies/tv-movie-news/ben-affleck-matt-damon-unauthorized-use-air-monologue-trump-campaign-video-1234768697/) . Rolling Stone . Retrieved June 18, 2023 . 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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fashion of France (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fashion_of_France) . This category describes modern French fashion . Traditional and historic French clothing should be categorised under French clothing (/wiki/Category:French_clothing) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐42kzd Cached time: 20240721055929 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.093 seconds Real time usage: 0.132 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 126/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2533/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 338/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1202/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.055/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 946199/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 118.830 1 Template:Commons_category 100.00% 118.830 1 -total 97.42% 115.768 1 Template:Sister_project 95.14% 113.053 1 Template:Side_box 6.58% 7.822 1 Template:Replace Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:10214260-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721055929 and revision id 1203298459. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 8 subcategories, out of 8 total. B French businesspeople in fashion (/wiki/Category:French_businesspeople_in_fashion) ‎ (5 C, 29 P) C Clothing companies of France (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_of_France) ‎ (9 C, 75 P) D French fashion designers (/wiki/Category:French_fashion_designers) ‎ (3 C, 200 P) E Fashion events in France (/wiki/Category:Fashion_events_in_France) ‎ (6 P) F Films about fashion in France (/wiki/Category:Films_about_fashion_in_France) ‎ (13 P) French fashion journalists (/wiki/Category:French_fashion_journalists) ‎ (9 P) French models (/wiki/Category:French_models) ‎ (10 C) M Fashion museums in France (/wiki/Category:Fashion_museums_in_France) ‎ (8 P) Pages in category "French fashion" The following 28 pages are in this category, out of 28 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . French fashion (/wiki/French_fashion) A Association Nationale pour le Développement des Arts de la Mode (/wiki/Association_Nationale_pour_le_D%C3%A9veloppement_des_Arts_de_la_Mode) B Beret (/wiki/Beret) Bigoudène (/wiki/Bigoud%C3%A8ne) Louise Lyngh Bjerregaard (/wiki/Louise_Lyngh_Bjerregaard) C Charvet Place Vendôme (/wiki/Charvet_Place_Vend%C3%B4me) List of Charvet customers (/wiki/List_of_Charvet_customers) D Jacques von Polier (/wiki/Jacques_von_Polier) E ESMOD (/wiki/ESMOD) F Fédération de la Haute Couture et de la Mode (/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_de_la_Haute_Couture_et_de_la_Mode) G Galerie des Modes et Costumes Français (/wiki/Galerie_des_Modes_et_Costumes_Fran%C3%A7ais) Le Grand Mogol (/wiki/Le_Grand_Mogol) Gunhild (clothing) (/wiki/Gunhild_(clothing)) I Institut Français de la Mode (/wiki/Institut_Fran%C3%A7ais_de_la_Mode) Incroyables and merveilleuses (/wiki/Incroyables_and_merveilleuses) M Marinière (/wiki/Marini%C3%A8re) MilK Magazine (France) (/wiki/MilK_Magazine_(France)) MOD'SPE Paris (/wiki/MOD%27SPE_Paris) Mulquinerie (/wiki/Mulquinerie) Muscadin (/wiki/Muscadin) P Parfilage (/wiki/Parfilage) Patou (/wiki/Patou) Pimkie (/wiki/Pimkie) S Studio Berçot (/wiki/Studio_Ber%C3%A7ot) T Théâtre de la Mode (/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_la_Mode) Top Model (French TV series) (/wiki/Top_Model_(French_TV_series)) V Vogue France (/wiki/Vogue_France) List of Vogue France cover models (/wiki/List_of_Vogue_France_cover_models) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:French_fashion&oldid=1203298459 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:French_fashion&oldid=1203298459) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Fashion by country (/wiki/Category:Fashion_by_country) Culture of France (/wiki/Category:Culture_of_France) Hidden category: Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata)
Sudanese fashion model Nykhor Paul ( Nuer: [ˈnjɔkɔr (/wiki/Help:IPA) pɔl] (/wiki/Help:IPA) ) is a Sudanese fashion model (/wiki/Fashion_model) . Of Nuer (/wiki/Nuer_people) ethnicity, Paul was born in what is now South Sudan (/wiki/South_Sudan) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Owing to civil conflict, Paul escaped with her family to Ethiopia (/wiki/Ethiopia) , where she grew up as a refugee. In 1998 Paul moved to the United States. She lived in Nebraska (/wiki/Nebraska) at age 14. [2] (#cite_note-2) Based in New York, Paul has modelled for Vivienne Westwood (/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood) , Rick Owens (/wiki/Rick_Owens) , Louis Vuitton (/wiki/Louis_Vuitton) [ citation needed ] and Balenciaga (/wiki/Balenciaga) . [3] (#cite_note-3) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Mwiti, Neva (24 April 2014). "South Sudan: supermodel draws world's attention to crisis at home" (https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/apr/24/south-sudan-supermodel-nykhor-paul) . Guardian Online . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Jung, Helin (9 July 2015). "Model Nykhor Paul Slams Fashion Industry for Being Racist: "I'm the Black Dot" (http://www.cosmopolitan.com/style-beauty/q-and-a/a43114/model-nykhor-paul/) " (http://www.cosmopolitan.com/style-beauty/q-and-a/a43114/model-nykhor-paul/) . Cosmopolitan . Hearst Communications, Inc . Retrieved 29 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Kosin, Julie (7 July 2015). "MODEL NYKHOR PAUL OPENS UP ABOUT THE DIFFICULTIES OF BEING A BLACK MODEL" (http://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/models/news/a11417/nykhor-paul-makeup-racism/) . Harpers Bazaar . Hearst Communications, Inc . Retrieved 29 August 2015 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐rdw2j Cached time: 20240714022400 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.248 seconds Real time usage: 0.358 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 557/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 9173/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 966/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 12237/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.184/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 16713422/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 343.276 1 -total 36.30% 124.621 1 Template:IPA-nus 34.99% 120.113 1 Template:IPA 32.08% 110.109 1 Template:Reflist 25.65% 88.042 1 Template:Cite_journal 23.75% 81.533 1 Template:Short_description 12.82% 43.997 2 Template:Pagetype 7.08% 24.313 4 Template:Main_other 6.99% 23.991 1 Template:Cn 6.31% 21.669 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:45502041-0!canonical and timestamp 20240714022400 and revision id 1017600729. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nykhor_Paul&oldid=1017600729 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nykhor_Paul&oldid=1017600729) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Sudanese women (/wiki/Category:Sudanese_women) South Sudanese female models (/wiki/Category:South_Sudanese_female_models) Nuer people (/wiki/Category:Nuer_people) American people of South Sudanese descent (/wiki/Category:American_people_of_South_Sudanese_descent) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Pages with Nuer IPA (/wiki/Category:Pages_with_Nuer_IPA) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from June 2020 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_June_2020) Year of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_(living_people))
British multinational retailer Timpson Group Company type Private limited (/wiki/Private_company) Industry Service industry Founded 1865 ; 159 years ago ( 1865 ) Founder William Timpson Headquarters Wythenshawe (/wiki/Wythenshawe) , Manchester (/wiki/Manchester) , England Number of locations 2,100 (owned stores) with 110 Snappy Snaps (/wiki/Snappy_Snaps) franchises [1] (#cite_note-aboutUs-1) Area served United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) , Ireland (/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland) Key people John Timpson (/wiki/John_Timpson_(businessman)) James Timpson (/wiki/James_Timpson) Services Shoe repairs Watch repair Engraving Mobile phone repairs Dry cleaning (/wiki/Dry_cleaning) Photo processing (/wiki/Photo_processing) Revenue £330M Operating income (/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes) £31M Owner John Timpson (/wiki/John_Timpson_(businessman)) & family Number of employees 5,400 Subsidiaries (/wiki/Subsidiary) Max Spielmann Timpson Key & Locker Solutions Johnsons Cleaners UK (/wiki/Johnsons_Cleaners_UK) Snappy Snaps! The Watch Lab Flock Inns Limited Timpson Property Investments Photographic Retail 2008 Limited Timpson Chef Academy Community Interest Company Timpson Ireland Limited Timpson Sol Limited Website www (https://www.timpson.co.uk/) .timpson (https://www.timpson.co.uk/) .co (https://www.timpson.co.uk/) .uk (https://www.timpson.co.uk/) The Timpson Group is a British (/wiki/Great_Britain) and Irish (/wiki/Ireland) service retailer that has a number of different brands across its portfolio of 2,100 stores, including Timpson, Max Spielmann, Johnsons The Cleaners (/wiki/Johnsons_Cleaners_UK) , Snappy Snaps (/wiki/Snappy_Snaps) , Jeeves of Belgravia (/wiki/Jeeves_of_Belgravia) , The Watch Lab and Flock Inns. The business is based in Wythenshawe (/wiki/Wythenshawe) , Manchester (/wiki/Manchester) , owned by Sir John Timpson (/wiki/John_Timpson_(businessman)) . History [ edit ] Origins [ edit ] Timpson was founded in 1865 by shoemaker William Timpson and his brother-in-law Walter Joyce, selling shoes at 298 Oldham Road (/wiki/A62_road) , Manchester. [2] (#cite_note-GuardInt-2) [3] (#cite_note-MeetTheTimpsons-3) It expanded into shoe manufacturing in 1884 at factories in Kettering (/wiki/Kettering) , and repairs in 1903. The company was listed on the London Stock Exchange (/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange) in 1929. In the 1950s, turnover was around £10,000,000 and profits £900,000. The company moved its headquarters to Wythenshawe (/wiki/Wythenshawe) in 1964. [4] (#cite_note-4) In the early-1960s, family member and graduate of the University of Nottingham (/wiki/University_of_Nottingham) John Timpson (/wiki/John_Timpson_(businessman)) returned from a post-graduate management training scheme to join the family-owned business, becoming director responsible for buying in 1970. [3] (#cite_note-MeetTheTimpsons-3) In 1973, after John's father Anthony was ousted as chairman by his uncle Geoffrey, the company was acquired for £28,600,000 by United Drapery Stores (/wiki/United_Drapery_Stores) . [2] (#cite_note-GuardInt-2) John stayed with the firm, became managing director of leather and fur retailers Swears & Wells, then in 1975; appointed managing director of the former family business, William Timpson Ltd. [3] (#cite_note-MeetTheTimpsons-3) In 1983, John led a £42,000,000 management buyout (/wiki/Management_buyout) of William Timpson from then-owners Hanson Trust plc (/wiki/Hanson_Trust_plc) . [2] (#cite_note-GuardInt-2) To raise funds, £30,000,000 came from selling the freeholds of the firm's stores and leasing them back, the rest via debt financing from venture capitalists (/wiki/Venture_capital) . [5] (#cite_note-MonWk-5) After four years of poor trading, to reduce debt on the balance sheet, the company sold the loss-making shoe retail business for £15,000,000 to rival George Oliver, and focused on building the shoe repairing and key cutting business. [2] (#cite_note-GuardInt-2) [3] (#cite_note-MeetTheTimpsons-3) Retail acquisitions [ edit ] A Timpson shop inside a Morrisons supermarket, 2016. After diversifying into engraving (/wiki/Engraving) , watch repairs (/wiki/Watchmaker) , dry cleaning (/wiki/Dry_cleaning) and other services, John Timpson bought the other 3 shareholders out in 1991. The business has since grown through a series of acquisitions, [6] (#cite_note-6) with the notable purchases of Automagic and Mister Minit expanding the number of Timpson shops from 145 to 600 by 2003. In June 2008, the Timpson Group acquired 40 Persil Service (/wiki/Persil_Service) concessions located in Sainsbury's (/wiki/Sainsbury%27s) stores, [7] (#cite_note-theguardian.com-7) then bought Max Spielmann out of administration later that same year. [7] (#cite_note-theguardian.com-7) This marked the business's first real involvement in the photo printing industry, and was followed by the purchase of Snappy Snaps (/wiki/Snappy_Snaps) chain in 2013, Tesco Photo (/wiki/Tesco) in 2014, [8] (#cite_note-8) and a partnership deal with Asda Photo (/wiki/Asda) in 2018. [9] (#cite_note-9) Timpson agreed a partnership with Morrisons (/wiki/Morrisons) in May 2016, taking over the dry cleaning operations in 116 stores, before acquiring the Johnsons Service Group in January 2017, [10] (#cite_note-manchestereveningnews.co.uk-10) which included Johnsons The Cleaners (/wiki/Johnsons_Cleaners_UK) and Jeeves of Belgravia (/wiki/Jeeves_of_Belgravia) . In 2018, the business celebrated the opening of the Timpson Group’s 2000th shop, [11] (#cite_note-11) and purchased The Watch Lab in April 2021. [12] (#cite_note-12) During the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) , the company temporarily closed its 2150 stores, [13] (#cite_note-13) along with many other retailers, and was noted for paying its colleagues full pay throughout the closures. [14] (#cite_note-14) Brands [ edit ] Timpson [ edit ] A Timpson supermarket pod store, in 2021. Timpson Ltd is the largest service retailer in the UK, with 1300 shops across the UK (/wiki/United_Kingdom) and Ireland (/wiki/Ireland) . Its main services include key cutting (/wiki/Key_duplication) , shoe repairs (/wiki/Shoemaking) , watch repairs (/wiki/Watchmaker) , engraving (/wiki/Engraving) , phone repairs (/wiki/Mobile_phone) , photo processing (/wiki/Photo_processing) and dry cleaning (/wiki/Dry_cleaning) . Timpson shop in Chester, 2005. Over half of Timpson shops are now based in out-of-town supermarket (/wiki/Supermarket) sites, predominantly in “pod” stores that are constructed off-site and driven to their location in the supermarket car park. There are currently 400 pods in operation. Timpson Direct was established in 2020 to develop the non-retail businesses within the Timpson Group. This includes self-service photo ID booths (/wiki/Photo_booth) , self-service photo printing (/wiki/Photographic_printing) kiosks, Timpson Locksmiths, Timpson online and international franchising (/wiki/Franchising) . Max Spielmann [ edit ] Max Spielmann shop in Darlington, 2022. Max Spielmann is a specialist photo printing (/wiki/Photographic_printing) service chain in the UK (/wiki/United_Kingdom) , with 420 stores across the country. Acquired by the Timpson Group in 2008, [15] (#cite_note-15) the business was founded in 1951 by Wirral-based David Graham and his business partner, David Reed, and originally operated as a photo production service for chemists (/wiki/Chemist) and hardware stores (/wiki/Hardware_store) . [16] (#cite_note-16) The first high street (/wiki/High_Street) shops were called “Merseyside Photographic”, before adopting the “Max Spielmann” name in the 1970s to focus on customers’ access to German cameras (/wiki/Camera) , which were considered the best on the market at the time. Although some customers believe Max Spielmann founded the business, this is just a name for the company, rather than a real person. The business was owned by the Graham family until 2001, when it was sold to the Bowie Castlebank Group, before getting bought out of administration by Timpson in 2008. Max Spielmann has since expanded its range of photo services, and now has shops in 420 locations across the UK, including its photo stores in Tesco (/wiki/Tesco) and Asda (/wiki/Asda) supermarkets. A joint Johnsons The Cleaners & Max Spielmann shop in Altrincham, Manchester. Johnsons The Cleaners [ edit ] Johnsons The Cleaners (/wiki/Johnsons_Cleaners_UK) is a provider of specialist dry cleaning (/wiki/Dry_cleaning) , textile repairs, photo printing (/wiki/Photographic_printing) , and key cutting (/wiki/Key_duplication) , with over 200 shops across the UK. It was bought by the Timpson Group in 2017, but the business’ origins go back to 1817, when the Johnson Brothers set up their silk dyeing (/wiki/Dyeing) business in Liverpool (/wiki/Liverpool) , before amalgamating with two dry cleaning businesses in 1920. [17] (#cite_note-Johnsons_Heritage-17) The group expanded to 12 companies between 1920 and 1980, which were then restructured in 1995 when Johnson Cleaners Ltd was formed. [17] (#cite_note-Johnsons_Heritage-17) The business opened its specialist centre in Rugby (/wiki/Rugby,_Warwickshire) that same year, to meet the growing demand for specialist dry cleaning services across the country. In 2003, Johnsons co-founded GreenEarth Cleaning, [18] (#cite_note-18) the world’s largest brand of environmentally friendly (/wiki/Environmentally_friendly) dry cleaning, and now uses this product exclusively in all of its dry cleaning shops. In 2014, the business launched a dry cleaning partnership with Waitrose (/wiki/Waitrose) supermarkets, [19] (#cite_note-19) and was then acquired by the Timpson Group in 2017. [20] (#cite_note-20) Timpson has since expanded the services on offer to include clothing repairs and alterations, key cutting, watch repairs and photo processing. Snappy Snaps shop in Chiswick, London. Snappy Snaps [ edit ] Snappy Snaps (/wiki/Snappy_Snaps) is the fourth-largest photo service chain in the UK, consisting of 115 franchise stores (/wiki/Franchising) and 16 company-owned stores. Snappy Snaps was founded in 1983 [21] (#cite_note-21) and the first franchise shop was opened in 1987, with many others following (especially around London (/wiki/London) ) before the franchise was bought by the Timpson Group in 2011. [22] (#cite_note-22) Jeeves of Belgravia shop in London, 2020. Jeeves of Belgravia [ edit ] Jeeves of Belgravia (/wiki/Jeeves_of_Belgravia) is a British multinational retailer (/wiki/Multinational_corporation) specialising in dry cleaning (/wiki/Dry_cleaning) and garment care (/wiki/Laundry) . Established in Belgravia (/wiki/Belgravia) , London (/wiki/London) , in 1969, [23] (#cite_note-23) the business was purchased by Johnson Service Group (/wiki/Johnsons_Cleaners_UK) in 2003, [24] (#cite_note-24) which was then acquired by the Timpson Group in 2017. [10] (#cite_note-manchestereveningnews.co.uk-10) The company has stores across 17 cities around the world, including New York (/wiki/New_York_City) , Hong Kong (/wiki/Hong_Kong) , Abu Dhabi (/wiki/Abu_Dhabi) , Doha (/wiki/Doha) , and Kuala Lumpur (/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur) . The business has held a Royal Warrant (/wiki/Royal_warrant_of_appointment) since 1980, [25] (#cite_note-25) for delivering dry cleaning services to the Prince of Wales. The Watch Lab [ edit ] The Watch Lab specialises in watch repair (/wiki/Watchmaker) services and has 20 shops across the UK (/wiki/United_Kingdom) , from Glasgow (/wiki/Glasgow) to Southampton (/wiki/Southampton) . The Watch Lab Holdings was purchased by the Timpson Group in April 2021. Flock Inns [ edit ] The Flock Inns group of pubs is also part of the Timpson Group and run by Roisin Timpson, wife of James Timpson. This includes The White Eagle in Rhoscolyn (/wiki/Rhoscolyn) , The Oystercatcher in Rhosneigr (/wiki/Rhosneigr) , and The Partridge in Stretton (/wiki/Stretton,_Cheshire_West_and_Chester) , Warrington (/wiki/Warrington) . Flock Inns also runs The Nest, a state-of-the-art training centre based at Timpson House, Manchester (/wiki/Manchester) . Family ownership [ edit ] Sir John Timpson CBE - Chairman [ edit ] Sir John Timpson in 2017. Sir John Timpson (/wiki/John_Timpson_(businessman)) CBE is the chairman (/wiki/Chairman) and owner of the Timpson Group. His book, Dear James , published in 2000, passes the lessons he’s learnt in thirty years as a chief executive (/wiki/Chief_executive_officer) on to his son, James Timpson. His second book, How To Ride A Giraffe , was published in 2008, and describes his business philosophy. Timpson was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire) (CBE) in 2008 for services to the retail industry (/wiki/Retail) , [26] (#cite_note-26) and was awarded a lifetime achievement award by the Institute of Enterprise and Entrepreneurs (IOEE) in 2014. [27] (#cite_note-27) Throughout his marriage to his late wife, Alex, Timpson fostered 90 children, and they both received a Beacon Award in 2010 for philanthropy, [28] (#cite_note-28) before he was awarded a knighthood (/wiki/Knight) in 2017 for services to business and fostering. In 2018, Timpson chaired the High Streets Expert Panel, [29] (#cite_note-29) which was established by Jake Berry MP (/wiki/Jake_Berry) to diagnose the issues facing the British high street. James Timpson OBE - Previous CEO [ edit ] James Timpson (/wiki/James_Timpson) is a British businessman (/wiki/Businessperson) and was the CEO (/wiki/Chief_executive_officer) of the Timpson Group. He and his wife, Roisin, have three adult children together. Born in September 1971, he studied Geography at Durham University (/wiki/Durham_University) and worked in the family retail business from 14 years of age, and joined full time in 1995 as an assistant area manager in London (/wiki/London) . Timpson became Managing Director (/wiki/Managing_director) in 2002. He led the acquisition strategy (/wiki/Mergers_and_acquisitions) to diversify the company away from shoe repairs, and pioneered the development of the “pod” supermarket concept. James Timpson was the first UK CEO to recruit ex-offenders (/wiki/Convict) , [30] (#cite_note-30) with the aim of having 10% of the company with prison (/wiki/Prison) experience, and was the Chair of the Employers Forum for Reducing Re-offending (EFFRR) until 2016. He also founded the Employment Advisory Board network across the prison estate, which links prisons with employers to improve the employment opportunities for ex-offenders upon release. [31] (#cite_note-31) In 2011, he was awarded an OBE for services to the employment and training of disadvantaged people, [32] (#cite_note-32) before being appointed HRH Prince of Wales (/wiki/Prince_of_Wales) Ambassador for responsible business in the North West (/wiki/North_West_England) in 2015. Timpson is Chair of the Prison Reform Trust (/wiki/Prison_Reform_Trust) [33] (#cite_note-33) and appeared in the Sunday Times 500 Most Influential list in 2016, [34] (#cite_note-34) gaining recognition for his recruitment of ex-offenders, and was then named Leader of the Year at the 2019 Lloyds Bank National Business Awards (/wiki/Lloyds_Bank_National_Business_Awards) . [35] (#cite_note-35) In March 2021, he was reappointed by the Prime Minister (/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom) as Trustee of the Tate (/wiki/Tate) for a four year period. [36] (#cite_note-36) He was a Sunday Times business columnist until December 2021, [37] (#cite_note-37) when he handed over to Julian Richer (/wiki/Julian_Richer) of Richer Sounds (/wiki/Richer_Sounds) . He replaced Jonathon Porritt (/wiki/Jonathon_Porritt) as Chancellor (/wiki/Chancellor_(education)) of Keele University (/wiki/Keele_University) in June 2022. [38] (#cite_note-38) In July 2024, he was appointed Minister of State for Prisons, Parole and Probation (/wiki/Minister_of_State_for_Prisons,_Parole_and_Probation) [39] (#cite_note-39) by the Prime Minister (/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom) and will receive a life peerage (/wiki/Life_peerage) and will sit in the House of Lords (/wiki/House_of_Lords) , as a result, he stepped down as CEO from the Timpson Group. [40] (#cite_note-40) Employment practices [ edit ] Timpson House offices in Wythenshawe (/wiki/Wythenshawe) Timpson House offices in Wythenshawe The Timpson Group has been in the top 10 of The Sunday Times (/wiki/The_Sunday_Times) list of "100 Best Companies to Work For" every time it has entered. [41] (#cite_note-41) It has a dedicated role called the Director of Happiness, who is tasked with ensuring employees are offered benefits such as access to holiday homes (/wiki/Holiday_cottage) and weekly bonuses and lottery draws. [42] (#cite_note-Benefits_-_Timpson_Group-42) The company also pays employees a bonus for exceeding targets and gives them the day off work for events such as their birthday, their child's first day at school, the birth of their grandchild, and the death of their pet. [42] (#cite_note-Benefits_-_Timpson_Group-42) The business operates with an "Upside-Down" management system, which gives employees the authority to do whatever they feel will deliver great service to customers. The company's management teams and Timpson House are set up to support their customer-facing colleagues in the shops. In 2007, Timpson launched the year-long "Dream Come True" programme, which spent £1 million paying for employees' eye surgeries, reuniting them with their families, and sending them on trips to Australia (/wiki/Australia) . [43] (#cite_note-43) The company is well known for its policy of employing ex-convicts, who make up over 10% of its workforce, and it runs pre-release training in several prisons. [44] (#cite_note-44) This is part of its focus on recruiting marginalised groups within society, [45] (#cite_note-45) and the business works with EFFRR to provide training and employment opportunities. [46] (#cite_note-46) Timpson is certified as an accredited Fair Tax Mark business [47] (#cite_note-47) and was named as one of the UK's top 10 biggest taxpayers by The Times (/wiki/The_Times) in 2023. [48] (#cite_note-48) Carbon footprint [ edit ] The Timpson Group reported its total greenhouse gas emissions (/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions) at 60,470 tonnes carbon dioxide equivalent (/wiki/Carbon_Dioxide_Equivalent) (tCO2e), [49] (#cite_note-49) for the period from 1 January 2019 to 21 December 2019. The business has set a new target to achieve net-zero emissions across its entire operation by 2040. [50] (#cite_note-50) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-aboutUs_1-0) "About Us - Mobile phone repairs, locksmiths, key cutting and more" (https://www.timpson.co.uk/about-timpson/) . Timpson . Retrieved 18 January 2016 . ^ a b c d David Teather (3 April 2009). "John Timpson, the cobbler who is showing his rivals a clean pair of heels" (https://www.theguardian.com/business/2009/apr/03/john-timpson-interview) . The Guardian . Retrieved 4 June 2012 . ^ a b c d "Meet The Timpsons" (https://www.timpson.co.uk/about/meet-the-timpsons) . www.timpson.co.uk . Retrieved 18 January 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "History of Timpsons" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100509011231/http://www.timpson.co.uk/history-of-timpson.php) . Timpsons. Archived from the original (http://www.timpson.co.uk/history-of-timpson.php) on 9 May 2010 . Retrieved 4 June 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-MonWk_5-0) Jody Clarke (17 April 2009). "John Timpson: cobbling together a fortune". MoneyWeek (/wiki/MoneyWeek) . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Meet the Timpsons - Timpson Group" (https://www.timpson-group.co.uk/our-story/meet-the-timpsons/) . ^ a b "Interview: John Timpson, the cobbler who is showing his rivals a clean pair of heels" (https://www.theguardian.com/business/2009/apr/03/john-timpson-interview) . TheGuardian.com (/wiki/TheGuardian.com) . 2 April 2009. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "News - Tesco Photo Shops to be operated by Max Spielmann?" (https://www.groceryinsight.com/2014/02/news-tesco-photo-shops-to-be-operated-by-max-spielmann/) . 5 February 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Timpson Group Seals ASDA Deal - Timpson Group" (https://www.timpson-group.co.uk/2018/02/08/timpson-group-seals-asda-deal/) . ^ a b "Manchester-based Timpson cleans up in swoop for Johnson Service Group" (https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/manchester-based-timpson-cleans-up-12408649) . 5 January 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Our 2,000th Shop Opens - Timpson Group" (https://www.timpson-group.co.uk/2018/04/20/2000th-shop-opens/) . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Timpson CEO: Our business shouldn't exist anymore" (https://www.marketingweek.com/timpson-ceo-business/) . 18 March 2022. ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Primark UK stores closing 'until further notice' (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-51995189) " (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-51995189) . BBC News . 23 March 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-14) "James Timpson on the perils of managing a business in the Covid-19 crisis" (https://inews.co.uk/news/everything-is-different-james-timpson-on-the-perils-of-managing-the-covid-19-crisis-715376) . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Timpson buys Max Spielmann and Klick photo processing shops" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/timpson-buys-max-spielmann-and-klick-photo-processing-shops-7kmb3t3krch) . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "About Max Spielmann photo shops" (https://www.maxphoto.co.uk/about-max-spielmann/) . ^ a b "Johnsons Heritage" (https://www.johnsoncleaners.com/about-johnsons/heritage) . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Johnson's new £20m 'greener' cleaning alternative" (https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/johnsons-new-20m-greener-cleaning-971708) . 18 April 2010. ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Waitrose partners with Johnson Cleaners in 120 superstores" (https://www.retail-week.com/grocery/waitrose-partners-with-johnson-cleaners-in-120-superstores/5073220.article) . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Curry, Rhiannon (5 January 2017). "Timpson's buys Johnson's dry cleaning arm" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2017/01/05/timpsons-buys-johnsons-dry-cleaning-arm/) . The Telegraph . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "About Snappy Snaps \| Print Photos Online - Snappy Snaps" (https://www.snappysnaps.co.uk/contact/about-us.html) . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Timpson swoops for Snappy Snaps" (https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/enterprise/shoe-repair-company-timpson-group-1240414) . 25 January 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-23) "The Jeeves Story" (https://www.jeevesofbelgravia.com/about/the-jeeves-story) . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Johnson adds touch of class with Jeeves chain acquisition" (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/johnson-adds-touch-of-class-with-jeeves-chain-acquisition-538375.html) . Independent.co.uk (/wiki/Independent.co.uk) . 11 May 2003. ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Jeeves of Belgravia T/A Jeeves \| Royal Warrant Holders Association" (https://www.royalwarrant.org/company/jeeves-belgravia-ta-jeeves) . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Sir John Timpson CBE" (https://thefrontline.org.uk/team-members/sir-john-timpson/.) . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "John Timpson honoured with lifetime achievement award" (https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/john-timpson-honoured-lifetime-achievement-7994600) . 27 October 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-28) "Beacon Previous Awards Winners \| Beacon Collaborative" (https://www.beaconcollaborative.org.uk/awards/) . ^ (#cite_ref-29) "The High Street Report" (https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-high-street-report) . ^ (#cite_ref-30) Timpson, James. "Get out of jail and go straight to work: Now employers are battling to hire ex-prisoners" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/get-out-of-jail-and-go-straight-to-work-now-employers-are-battling-to-hire-ex-prisoners-5d622hmg3) . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "Leading UK business bosses help prison leavers get work in crime-cutting drive" (https://www.gov.uk/government/news/leading-uk-business-bosses-help-prison-leavers-get-work-in-crime-cutting-drive) . ^ (#cite_ref-32) "James Timpson OBE - RSA" (https://www.thersa.org/events/speakers/james-timpson-obe) . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "Prison Reform Trust > Press & Policy > News" (http://www.prisonreformtrust.org.uk/PressPolicy/News/vw/1/ItemID/293) . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "Britain's 500 most influential" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/britains-500-most-influential-fxtzx0sg7qd) . ^ (#cite_ref-35) "Lloyds bank national business award finalists" (https://www.utilitybidder.co.uk/blog/utility-bidder-reaches-the-finals-of-the-prestigious-lloyds-bank-national-business-awards/) . 26 August 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-36) "Prime Minister appoints James Timpson as new Tate Trustee" (https://www.gov.uk/government/news/prime-minister-appoints-new-tate-trustee) . ^ (#cite_ref-37) Timpson, James. "We need to stop the menopause hijacking careers" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/we-need-to-stop-the-menopause-hijacking-careers-lvhb9lz3z) . ^ (#cite_ref-38) "Keele University appoints James Timpson OBE as new Chancellor" (https://www.keele.ac.uk/about/news/2022/april/new-chancellor/james-timpson-obe.php) . ^ (#cite_ref-39) https://www.gov.uk/government/news/ministerial-appointments-july-2024 (https://www.gov.uk/government/news/ministerial-appointments-july-2024) ^ (#cite_ref-40) "Timpson Group on LinkedIn: A statement from Sir John Timpson CBE regarding the recent appointment of… \| 42 comments" (https://www.linkedin.com/posts/timpsongroup_a-statement-from-sir-john-timpson-cbe-regarding-activity-7216400900460818434-16nK) . www.linkedin.com . Retrieved 9 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-41) "Employer profile: Timpson" (https://employeebenefits.co.uk/issues/june-2005/employer-profile-timpson/) . 31 May 2005. ^ a b "Benefits - Timpson Group" (https://www.timpson-group.co.uk/working-for-us/benefits/) . ^ (#cite_ref-43) "Benefits - Timpson Group" (https://www.timpson-group.co.uk/working-for-us/benefits/.) . ^ (#cite_ref-44) "Timpson has key to giving ex-convicts second chance" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/10266250/Timpson-has-key-to-giving-ex-convicts-second-chance.html) . ^ (#cite_ref-45) "The Timpson Foundation - Timpson Group" (https://www.timpson-group.co.uk/timpson-foundation/ex-offenders/) . ^ (#cite_ref-46) "Ingeus - EFFRR" (https://ingeus.co.uk/for-partners/effrr) . ^ (#cite_ref-47) Sweet, Pat; Reporter; Jul 2019, Accountancy Daily26. "FTSE 100 United Utilities awarded Fair Tax Mark" (https://www.accountancydaily.co/ftse-100-united-utilities-awarded-fair-tax-mark) . www.accountancydaily.co . Retrieved 8 February 2024 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list) ) ^ (#cite_ref-48) Watts, Robert (8 February 2024). "The Tax List 2023: the UK's 100 biggest taxpayers revealed" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/the-tax-list-2023-the-uks-100-biggest-taxpayers-revealed-8xzq98p8g) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0140-0460 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0140-0460) . Retrieved 8 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-49) "Going Green: The Timpson Group Sustainability Report - Timpson Group" (https://www.timpson-group.co.uk/about-timpson/going-green/) . ^ (#cite_ref-50) "UK retail sector pledges to reach net-zero emissions by 2040 - edie" (https://www.edie.net/uk-retail-sector-pledges-to-reach-net-zero-emissions-by-2040/) . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Timpson Limited (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Timpson_Limited) . 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(Redirected from Couturier (/w/index.php?title=Couturier&redirect=no) ) Creation of exclusive, custom-fitted clothing "Couturier" redirects here. For other uses, see Couturier (disambiguation) (/wiki/Couturier_(disambiguation)) . "High fashion" redirects here. For the song, see High Fashion (song) (/wiki/High_Fashion_(song)) . Pierre Balmain (/wiki/Pierre_Balmain) adjusting a dress on model Ruth Ford (/wiki/Ruth_Ford_(actress)) in 1947 (photographed by Carl Van Vechten (/wiki/Carl_Van_Vechten) ) Haute couture ( / (/wiki/Help:IPA/English) ˌ oʊ t k uː ˈ tj ʊər / (/wiki/Help:IPA/English) ⓘ (/wiki/File:En-us-haute-couture.ogg) ; French pronunciation: [ot (/wiki/Help:IPA/French) kutyʁ] (/wiki/Help:IPA/French) ; French (/wiki/French_language) for 'high sewing (/wiki/Sewing) ', 'high dressmaking') is the creation of exclusive custom-fitted high-end (/wiki/High-end) fashion design (/wiki/Fashion_design) . The term haute couture is French, "haute" meaning "high" or "elegant," and "couture" translating to " sewing (/wiki/Sewing) " or " dressmaking (/wiki/Dressmaker) ." The term haute couture generally refers to a specific type of upper garment (/wiki/Clothing) common in Europe (/wiki/Europe) during the 16th to the 18th century, or to the upper portion of a modern dress to distinguish it from the skirt (/wiki/Skirt) and sleeves (/wiki/Sleeve) . Beginning in the mid-nineteenth century, Paris became the centre of a growing industry that focused on making outfits from high-quality, expensive, often unusual fabric and sewn with extreme attention to detail and finished by the most experienced and capable of sewers—often using time-consuming, hand-executed techniques. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-dapifer-2) Couture translates literally from French as "dressmaking", sewing (/wiki/Sewing) , or needlework [3] (#cite_note-3) and is also used as a common abbreviation of haute couture and can often refer to the same thing in spirit. [4] (#cite_note-hcn2011_what-4) Terminology [ edit ] The annual Met Gala (/wiki/Met_Gala) , held at the Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) on the Upper East Side (/wiki/Upper_East_Side_(Manhattan)) of Manhattan (/wiki/Manhattan) and organized by Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) high-fashion magazine, hosts the largest haute couture fashion night annually. In France, the term haute couture is protected by law and is defined by the Chambre de commerce et d'industrie de Paris (/wiki/Paris_Chamber_of_Commerce) based in Paris (/wiki/Paris) . The Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture (/wiki/Chambre_Syndicale_de_la_Haute_Couture) is defined as "the regulating commission that determines which fashion houses are eligible to be true haute couture houses". Their rules state that only "those companies mentioned on the list drawn up each year by a commission domiciled at the Ministry for Industry are entitled to avail themselves" of the label haute couture . [5] (#cite_note-Thomas-5) The Chambre Syndicale de la Couture Parisienne is an association of Parisian couturiers founded in 1868 as an outgrowth of medieval (/wiki/Medieval_Age) guilds (/wiki/Guild) that regulate its members in regard to counterfeiting of styles, dates of openings for collections, number of models presented, relations with press, questions of law and taxes, and promotional activities. Formation of the organization was brought about by Charles Frederick Worth (/wiki/Charles_Frederick_Worth) . An affiliated school was organized in 1930 called L'Ecole de la Chambre Syndicale de la Couture. The school helps bring new designers to help the "couture" houses that are still present today. Since 1975, this organization has worked within the Federation Francaise, de couture, du Prêt-à-Porter des Couturiers et des Createurs de Mode (/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_fran%C3%A7aise_de_la_couture) . [6] (#cite_note-6) Haute couture fashion models (/wiki/Fashion_model) walk the runway (/wiki/Catwalk) during New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) . In response to the Nazi occupation of Paris (/wiki/Occupied_France) , more rigorous criteria for the term haute couture were established in 1945. [7] (#cite_note-7) To earn the right to call itself a couture house and to use the term haute couture in its advertising and any other way, members of the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture must follow specific rules: [5] (#cite_note-Thomas-5) design made-to-order for private clients, with one or more fittings; have a workshop ( atelier (/wiki/Atelier) ) in Paris that employs at least fifteen staff members full-time; have at least 20 full-time technical people, in at least one workshop ( atelier ); and present a collection of at least 50 original designs to the public every fashion season (twice, in January and July of each year), of both day and evening garments. The term is also used loosely to describe all high-fashion, custom-fitted clothing, whether it is produced in the fashion capitals of New York City (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) , Paris (/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week) , and Milan (/wiki/Milan_Fashion_Week) . In either case, the term can refer to the fashion houses or fashion designers (/wiki/Fashion_design) that create exclusive and often trend-setting fashions (/wiki/Fashion) or to the fashions created. The term haute couture has also taken on further popular meanings referring to non-dressmaking activities, such as production of fine art and music. [8] (#cite_note-8) History in France [ edit ] This section needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Haute_couture) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( July 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) Haute Couture Fall-Winter 2011–2012 Fashion Show by Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) Chanel Haute Couture jacket, Fall/Winter 1961 Haute couture can be referenced back as early as the 17th century. [9] (#cite_note-9) Industry and consumption were legally protected through guild (/wiki/Guild) statutes that required strict adherence to quality, quantity, etc. Women dressmakers, known as couturières , attained guild privileges in 1675. Their guild statutes made it so these women acquired the rights to make clothing for women and children, while male tailors retained the right to make clothing for men and boys over the age of 8. Within this empire, the couturières' work ranged from simple mending, to modes (fashions). They performed darning and alterations, and also made fine dresses of luxurious fabric for members of the royal family and aristocracy. Seamstresses were only one part of this complex network and process, and included domestic manufacture, imported products, and work alongside guilds such as the lacemakers, ribbonmakers, fashion merchants, embroiderers, pin and needle peddlers, etc. [10] (#cite_note-crowstonbook-10) Seamstresses did not operate public shops, unlike tailors, but instead relied on word of mouth and connections to procure high-end clientele. [11] (#cite_note-11) 18th century France witnessed a dramatic rise in clothing consumption, and scholars have documented a "clothing revolution" that occurred between 1700 and 1789. This was characterized by the increased size and value of wardrobes across the country, even among the middling and working classes. The fashion industry sprang to life to meet increasing demand. [12] (#cite_note-crowstonc1-12) Rose Bertin (/wiki/Rose_Bertin) , the French fashion designer to Queen Marie Antoinette (/wiki/Marie_Antoinette) , can be credited for bringing fashion and haute couture to French culture. [13] (#cite_note-13) Visitors to Paris brought back clothing that was then copied by local dressmakers. Stylish women also ordered dresses in the latest Parisian fashion to serve as models. As railroads and steamships made European travel easier, it was increasingly common for wealthy women to travel to Paris to shop for clothing and accessories. French fitters and dressmakers (/wiki/Dressmaker) were commonly thought to be the best in Europe, and real Parisian garments were considered better than local imitations. [14] (#cite_note-14) [ citation needed ] A couturier ( French: [ku.ty.ʁje] (/wiki/Help:IPA/French) ) is an establishment or person involved in the clothing fashion industry who makes original garments to order for private clients. A couturier may make what is known as haute couture . [15] (#cite_note-15) Such a person usually hires patternmakers and machinists for garment production, and is either employed by exclusive boutiques or is self-employed. [ citation needed ] The couturier Charles Frederick Worth (/wiki/Charles_Frederick_Worth) is widely considered the father of haute couture as it is known today. [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) Although born in Bourne, Lincolnshire (/wiki/Bourne,_Lincolnshire) , England, Worth made his mark in the French fashion industry. [2] (#cite_note-dapifer-2) Revolutionizing how dressmaking had been previously perceived, Worth made it so the dressmaker became the artist of garnishment: a fashion designer. While he created one-of-a-kind designs to please some of his titled or wealthy customers, he is best known for preparing a portfolio of designs that were shown on live models at the House of Worth (/wiki/House_of_Worth) . Clients selected one model, specified colours and fabrics, and had a duplicate garment tailor-made in Worth's workshop. Worth combined individual tailoring with a standardization more characteristic of the ready-to-wear (/wiki/Ready-to-wear) clothing industry (/wiki/Clothing_industry) , which was also developing during this period. Following in Worth's footsteps were Callot Soeurs (/wiki/Callot_Soeurs) , Patou (/wiki/Patou) , Poiret (/wiki/Paul_Poiret) , Vionnet (/wiki/Madeleine_Vionnet) , Fortuny (/wiki/Mariano_Fortuny_(designer)) , Lanvin (/wiki/Jeanne_Lanvin) , Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) , Mainbocher (/wiki/Mainbocher) , Schiaparelli (/wiki/Maison_Schiaparelli) , Balenciaga (/wiki/Balenciaga) , and Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior) . Some of these fashion houses still exist today, under the leadership of modern designers. In the 1960s, a group of young protégés (/wiki/Prot%C3%A9g%C3%A9) who had trained under more senior and established fashion designers including Dior and Balenciaga left these established couture houses and opened their own establishments. The most successful of these young designers were Yves Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(designer)) , Pierre Cardin (/wiki/Pierre_Cardin) , André Courrèges (/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Courr%C3%A8ges) , Ted Lapidus (/wiki/Ted_Lapidus) , and Emanuel Ungaro (/wiki/Emanuel_Ungaro) . Japanese native and Paris-based Hanae Mori (/wiki/Hanae_Mori) was also successful in establishing her own line. Lacroix (/wiki/Christian_Lacroix) is one of the fashion houses to have been started in the late 20th century. Other new houses have included Jean-Paul Gaultier (/wiki/Jean-Paul_Gaultier) and Thierry Mugler (/wiki/Thierry_Mugler) . Due to the high expenses of producing haute couture collections, Lacroix and Mugler have since ceased their haute couture activities. [18] (#cite_note-End_of_a_fairytale:_Christian_Lacroix_fashion_house_to_strip_down-18) For all these fashion houses, custom clothing is no longer the main source of income, often costing much more than it earns through direct sales; it only adds the aura of fashion to their ventures in ready-to-wear clothing and related luxury products (/wiki/Luxury_product) such as shoes (/wiki/Shoe) and perfumes (/wiki/Perfume) , and licensing (/wiki/Licensing) ventures that earn greater returns for the company. It is their ready-to-wear collections that are available to a wider audience, adding a splash of glamour and the feel of haute couture to more wardrobes. [19] (#cite_note-Luxury-19) Fashion houses still create custom clothing for publicity, for example providing items to celebrity events such as the Met Gala (/wiki/Met_Gala) . [20] (#cite_note-meltzer20130919-20) Members of the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture [ edit ] Main article: List of grand couturiers (/wiki/List_of_grand_couturiers) Official members [ edit ] Adeline André (/wiki/Adeline_Andr%C3%A9) Alexandre Vauthier (/wiki/Alexandre_Vauthier) Alexis Mabille (/wiki/Alexis_Mabille) Bouchra Jarrar (/wiki/Bouchra_Jarrar) Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) Dior (/wiki/Dior) Franck Sorbier (/wiki/Franck_Sorbier) Giambattista Valli (/wiki/Giambattista_Valli) Givenchy (/wiki/Givenchy) Jean-Paul Gaultier (/wiki/Jean-Paul_Gaultier) Julien Fournié (/wiki/Julien_Fourni%C3%A9) Maison Margiela (/wiki/Maison_Margiela) Maurizio Galante Schiaparelli (/wiki/Schiaparelli_(fashion_house)) Stéphane Rolland (/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Rolland) [21] (#cite_note-21) Correspondent members (foreign) [ edit ] Armani (/wiki/Armani) Elie Saab (/wiki/Elie_Saab) Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) Iris Van Herpen (/wiki/Iris_Van_Herpen) Ulyana Sergeenko (/wiki/Ulyana_Sergeenko) Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_house)) Versace (/wiki/Versace) Viktor & Rolf (/wiki/Viktor_%26_Rolf) Guest members [ edit ] Aelis Ashi Studio Balenciaga (/wiki/Balenciaga) Charles de Vilmorin (/wiki/Charles_de_Vilmorin) Christophe Josse (/wiki/Christophe_Josse) Gaurav Gupta (/wiki/Gaurav_Gupta) Georges Hobeika (/wiki/Georges_Hobeika) Imane Ayissi (/wiki/Imane_Ayissi) Juana Martín Julie de Libran (/wiki/Julie_de_Libran) Peet Dullaert (/wiki/Peet_Dullaert) Rabih Kayrouz (/wiki/Rabih_Kayrouz) Rahul Mishra (/wiki/Rahul_Mishra) Robert Wun (/wiki/Robert_Wun) Ronald van der Kemp (/wiki/Ronald_van_der_Kemp) Sara Chraibi Thom Browne (/wiki/Thom_Browne) Yuima Nakazato (/wiki/Yuima_Nakazato) Zuhair Murad (/wiki/Zuhair_Murad) Recent guest members have included the fashion houses of Cathy Pill (/wiki/Cathy_Pill) , Gerald Watelet (/w/index.php?title=Gerald_Watelet&action=edit&redlink=1) [ fr (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_Watelet) ] , Nicolas Le Cauchois (/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_Le_Cauchois&action=edit&redlink=1) [ fr (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_Le_Cauchois) ] [22] (#cite_note-Haute_Couture_SS08_Schedule-22) and Ma Ke (/wiki/Ma_Ke_(fashion_designer)) (Wuyong). [23] (#cite_note-Haute_Couture_FW09_Schedule-23) In the 2008/2009 Fall/Winter Haute Couture week, Emanuel Ungaro (/wiki/Emanuel_Ungaro) showed as an Official Member. Former members [ edit ] Anne Valérie Hash (/wiki/Anne_Val%C3%A9rie_Hash) Cristóbal Balenciaga (/wiki/Crist%C3%B3bal_Balenciaga) Callot Soeurs (/wiki/Callot_Soeurs) Charles Montaigne (/w/index.php?title=Charles_Montaigne&action=edit&redlink=1) Marie-Louise Carven (/wiki/Marie-Louise_Carven) Christian Lacroix (/wiki/Christian_Lacroix) Emilio Pucci (/wiki/Emilio_Pucci) Escada (/wiki/Escada) Frank Sorbier (/wiki/Frank_Sorbier) Germaine Lecomte (/wiki/Germaine_Lecomte) Grès (/wiki/Gr%C3%A8s) Guy Laroche (/wiki/Guy_Laroche) Hanae Mori (/wiki/Hanae_Mori) Jacques Fath (/wiki/Jacques_Fath) Jacques Griffe (/wiki/Jacques_Griffe) Jacques Heim (/wiki/Jacques_Heim) Jean Patou (/wiki/Jean_Patou) Jean-Louis Scherrer (/wiki/Jean-Louis_Scherrer) Joseph (/wiki/Joseph_(fashion_brand)) Lanvin (/wiki/Jeanne_Lanvin) Lecoanet Hemant (/wiki/Lecoanet_Hemant) Loris Azzaro (/wiki/Loris_Azzaro) Louis Féraud (/wiki/Louis_F%C3%A9raud) Lucien Lelong (/wiki/Lucien_Lelong) Louise Chéruit (/wiki/Louise_Ch%C3%A9ruit) Mad Carpentier (/wiki/Mad_Carpentier) Madeleine Vionnet (/wiki/Madeleine_Vionnet) Madeleine Vramant (/wiki/Madeleine_Vramant) Maggy Rouff (/wiki/Maggy_Rouff) Mainbocher (/wiki/Mainbocher) Marcel Rochas (/wiki/Marcel_Rochas) Marcelle Chaumont (/wiki/Marcelle_Chaumont) Nina Ricci (/wiki/Nina_Ricci_(brand)) Patrick Kelly (/wiki/Patrick_Kelly_(fashion_designer)) Paco Rabanne (/wiki/Paco_Rabanne) Paul Poiret (/wiki/Paul_Poiret) Philippe et Gaston (/wiki/Philippe_et_Gaston) Pierre Balmain (/wiki/Pierre_Balmain) Pierre Cardin (/wiki/Pierre_Cardin) Robert Piguet (/wiki/Robert_Piguet) Ted Lapidus (/wiki/Ted_Lapidus) Thierry Mugler (/wiki/Thierry_Mugler) Torrente (/w/index.php?title=Torrente_(fashion_house)&action=edit&redlink=1) [ fr (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torrente_(mode)) ] Vera Borea (/wiki/Vera_Borea) Yiqing Yin (/wiki/Yiqing_Yin) Yves Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(designer)) Fabrics [ edit ] Silk [ edit ] Textiles (/wiki/Textile) refer to the fabric or medium being used by designers to create an article of clothing. History of silk (/wiki/Silk) originated in Neolithic China within the Yangshao culture (4th millennium BC), where the " Silk worm (/wiki/Bombyx_mori) " was discovered. The Asian elite began using silk in high fashion. As time went on, silk began to be traded leading to the creation of the "Silk Road", which was a boost to China's economy. [24] (#cite_note-24) The value of silk is distinguished by the form of its use, such as it being used as currency. [25] (#cite_note-britannica-25) Silk fabric is composed of fibers that are produced by the silkworm (/wiki/Silkworm) mainly found in China. [25] (#cite_note-britannica-25) There are various kinds of silks, used by designers in the textile world, such as dupioni (/wiki/Dupioni) , China, brocade (/wiki/Brocade) , Jacquard, and satin silk. [26] (#cite_note-Zoya-26) These various kinds of silks are often used to produce certain styles of clothing. For example, Chiffon (/wiki/Chiffon_(fabric)) silk is used to create draping due to the fact that this silk is a thinner silk than others; it allows for easier movement and flow of the fabric, thus creating an easier process for draping. [26] (#cite_note-Zoya-26) Wool [ edit ] Wool (/wiki/Wool) is the textile fiber obtained from animals such as sheep (/wiki/Sheep) , camels (/wiki/Camels) , camelids (/wiki/Camelidae) , goats (/wiki/Goats) , or other hairy mammals (/wiki/Mammals) . [27] (#cite_note-27) Wool was first discovered and used mainly for protection against cold weather. [28] (#cite_note-28) Not all types are acceptable or considered "fine" wool. For instance, fine wool is found only within four breeds of sheep, the other fifteen are not considered to be "fine". [26] (#cite_note-Zoya-26) Dying wool is a delicate procedure due to the fact that wool easily absorbs colour, so it is important to be cautious in order not to ruin the wool. [26] (#cite_note-Zoya-26) Some of the higher-end wools are alpaca (/wiki/Alpaca) , angora (/wiki/Angora_wool) , mohair (/wiki/Mohair) , cashmere (/wiki/Cashmere_wool) , camel hair (/wiki/Camel_hair) , and vicuña wool (/wiki/Vicu%C3%B1a_wool) ; each of these wools has a different texture and softness. [26] (#cite_note-Zoya-26) See also [ edit ] Ready-to-wear (/wiki/Ready-to-wear) Mass market (/wiki/Mass_market) Deconstruction (fashion) (/wiki/Deconstruction_(fashion)) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Haute Couture \| Fashion A–Z" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/education/fashion-az/haute-couture) . The Business of Fashion (/wiki/The_Business_of_Fashion) . Retrieved 11 October 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b Kelly, Lakenya (4 February 2017). "What Does Couture Mean – Definition and French Translation" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170708031755/http://www.thedapifer.com/what-is-couture-mean-fashion/) . The Dapifer (/wiki/The_Dapifer) . Archived from the original (https://www.thedapifer.com/what-is-couture-mean-fashion/) on 8 July 2017 . Retrieved 10 June 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "What is Haute Couture" (https://web.archive.org/web/20211008204421/https://www.theoddportrait.com/what-is-haute-couture/) . The Odd Portrait . 29 November 2016. Archived from the original (https://www.theoddportrait.com/what-is-haute-couture/) on 8 October 2021 . Retrieved 29 November 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-hcn2011_what_4-0) "What is Haute Couture?" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110319044459/http://www.hautecouturenews.com/what-is-haute-couture/) . Haute Couture News . Archived from the original (http://www.hautecouturenews.com/what-is-haute-couture) on 19 March 2011 . Retrieved 19 February 2011 . ^ Jump up to: a b Thomas, Pauline Weston. "Chambre Syndicale History and Development – Fashion History" (http://fashion-era.com/chambre_syndicale.htm) . Fashion-Era . Retrieved 15 July 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Calasibetta, Charlotte Mankey; Tortora, Phyllis (2002). The Fairchild Dictionary of Fashion (3rd ed.). New York: Fairchild Books (/wiki/Fairchild_Books) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-5636-7235-4 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Bloomsbury Fashion Central -" (https://www.bloomsburyfashioncentral.com/products/berg-fashion-library/encyclopedia/the-berg-companion-to-fashion/haute-couture) . www.bloomsburyfashioncentral.com . Retrieved 8 March 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Wuyong – Dancing In A Haute Couture Debut \| The Fashion Blog" (http://www.fashion-blog.us/2008/08/11/wuyong-dancing-in-a-haute-couture-debut/) . Fashion-blog.us . Retrieved 15 July 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Steele, Valerie, ed. (2010). The Berg Companion to Fashion . Oxford: Bloomsbury Academic (/wiki/Bloomsbury_Academic) . p. 393. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-8478-8563-0 . ^ (#cite_ref-crowstonbook_10-0) Crowston, Clare (2001). Fabricating women: the seamstresses of Old Regime France, 1675-1791 . Duke University Press. pp. 2–3. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Crowston, Clare. Fabricating women: the seamstresses of Old Regime France, 1675-1791. pp. 138-143 ^ (#cite_ref-crowstonc1_12-0) Crowston, Clare (2001). Fabricating women: the seamstresses of Old Regime France, 1675-1791 . Duke University Press. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Nudelman, Zoya (2009). The Art of Couture Sewing . London: Bloomsbury Academic. p. 2. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-5636-7539-3 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "French Fashion - Free Essays" (https://www.essays24.com/essay/French-Fashion/22740.html) . www.essays24.com . Retrieved 6 July 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Merriam-Webster" (http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/couturier) . 21 December 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-16) Shaeffer 2001 (#CITEREFShaeffer2001) , p. 12 ^ (#cite_ref-17) Kent, Jacqueline C. (2003). Business Builders in Fashion . Minneapolis: The Oliver Press, Inc. p. 21 (https://archive.org/details/businessbuilders0000kent/page/21) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-8815-0880-9 . ^ (#cite_ref-End_of_a_fairytale:_Christian_Lacroix_fashion_house_to_strip_down_18-0) End of a fairytale: Christian Lacroix fashion house to strip down (https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2009/dec/01/christian-lacroix-fashion-house-closure) . The Guardian. Retrieved 21 October 2014 ^ (#cite_ref-Luxury_19-0) Chevalier, Michel (2012). Luxury Brand Management . Singapore: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-118-17176-9 . ^ (#cite_ref-meltzer20130919_20-0) Meltzer, Marisa (19 September 2013). "Get Me Wardrobe!" (https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/19/fashion/costume-designers-for-tv-have-a-big-impact-on-fashion.html) . The New York Times . p. E1. ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Haute Couture" (https://web.archive.org/web/20210308200339/https://fhcm.paris/en/haute-couture-2/) . Archived from the original (https://fhcm.paris/en/haute-couture-2/) on 8 March 2021 . Retrieved 25 November 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-Haute_Couture_SS08_Schedule_22-0) "Haute-Couture Spring Summer 2008 Definitive schedule" (https://web.archive.org/web/20080617202839/http://www.modeaparis.com/va/collections/2008ephc/index.html) . Archived from the original (http://www.modeaparis.com/va/collections/2008ephc/index.html) on 17 June 2008 . Retrieved 27 June 2008 . ^ (#cite_ref-Haute_Couture_FW09_Schedule_23-0) "Haute-Couture Fall Winter 2008/2009 Definitive schedule" (https://web.archive.org/web/20080701165343/http://www.modeaparis.com/va/collections/2008hahc/index.html) . Archived from the original (http://www.modeaparis.com/va/collections/2008hahc/index.html) on 1 July 2008 . Retrieved 27 June 2008 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Silk in Antiquity" (https://www.worldhistory.org/Silk/) . World History Encyclopedia (/wiki/World_History_Encyclopedia) . Retrieved 14 June 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "silk \| Definition & History" (https://www.britannica.com/topic/silk) . Encyclopædia Britannica (/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica) . Retrieved 14 June 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Nudelman, Zoya (10 March 2016). The Art of Couture Sewing . Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781609018313 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 911180187 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/911180187) . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "Wool \| animal fibre" (https://www.britannica.com/topic/wool) . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 14 June 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) "The History of British Wool" (https://www.sheepcentre.co.uk/wool.htm) . www.sheepcentre.co.uk . Retrieved 14 June 2019 . Bibliography [ edit ] Lynam, Ruth (ed.) Couture: An Illustrated History of the Great Paris Designers and their Creations (Doubleday & Co., 1972) Shaeffer, Claire B. (2001). Couture Sewing Techniques . Newtown, Connecticut: Taunton Press (/wiki/Taunton_Press) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-5615-8497-0 . 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British fashion designer Pat McDonagh, 1934–2014, pictured in 2000 Patricia (Pat) McDonagh (17 March 1934 – 31 May 2014) was a British fashion designer who became an important figure in Canadian fashion. She promoted the then-unknown model Twiggy (/wiki/Twiggy) and she designed costumes for The Beatles (/wiki/The_Beatles) . McDonagh also designed costumes for Diana Rigg (/wiki/Diana_Rigg) , as Emma Peel (/wiki/Emma_Peel) , in The Avengers (/wiki/The_Avengers_(TV_series)) . [1] (#cite_note-Tel-1) Early life [ edit ] McDonagh was born in Harpurhey (/wiki/Harpurhey) , Manchester, England on St. Patrick's Day (/wiki/St._Patrick%27s_Day) 17 March 1934, the eldest of four children in a family of Irish origins. [2] (#cite_note-CBC-2) Her mother instilled a strong perfectionist tendency into her children. McDonagh later said "[she] never praised us". [1] (#cite_note-Tel-1) She was educated at Loreto Convent, Moss Side (/wiki/Loreto_College,_Manchester) , Manchester, followed by a spell at the University of Manchester (/wiki/University_of_Manchester) . [2] (#cite_note-CBC-2) [3] (#cite_note-CalgH-3) She also studied at the Sorbonne (/wiki/University_of_Paris) in Paris. [1] (#cite_note-Tel-1) She worked as a model in London and Paris in the late 1950s, on television and in print, [3] (#cite_note-CalgH-3) and in the fashion houses of Jacques Helm and Maggy Rouff (/wiki/Maggy_Rouff) . [1] (#cite_note-Tel-1) Following her marriage to David Main in 1960, and the birth of her first two children, McDonagh opened boutiques in Horwich (/wiki/Horwich) and Worsley (/wiki/Worsley) , Lancashire. [2] (#cite_note-CBC-2) Canada [ edit ] McDonagh moved to Canada in 1966 after David got a job with the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (/wiki/Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation) (CBC). [2] (#cite_note-CBC-2) She described it as "like landing in the dark ages", [1] (#cite_note-Tel-1) at least as far as fashion went. Styles were old-fashioned, and materials were difficult to obtain due to poor domestic production and high import taxes. [1] (#cite_note-Tel-1) She opened her first shop, known as The Establishment , in Bloor Street [1] (#cite_note-Tel-1) in downtown Toronto [4] (#cite_note-Star-4) and began designing clothes. She was particularly known for creating "glamorous garments showcasing innovation in textile techniques" and her glamorous evening wear found favour with the social elite of Toronto's fund-raising circuit. Her creations were worn by Cher (/wiki/Cher) and Ella Fitzgerald (/wiki/Ella_Fitzgerald) . She went on to open a factory, the product of which was known as the Re-Establishment range, [1] (#cite_note-Tel-1) and to sell her clothes across Canada and the United States, including in Bloomingdale's (/wiki/Bloomingdale%27s) , Bonwit Teller (/wiki/Bonwit_Teller) and Henri Bendel (/wiki/Henri_Bendel) in New York. [2] (#cite_note-CBC-2) Among the styles she was said to have introduced to North America were minidresses, maxi-coats, bell-bottoms (/wiki/Bell-bottoms) and the jumpsuit (/wiki/Jumpsuit) . [1] (#cite_note-Tel-1) She was credited with bringing the Mod (/wiki/Mod_(subculture)#Fashion) look to Canada. [5] (#cite_note-globe-5) In 1966 she took the unknown model Twiggy, who exemplified the androgynous Mod style in women's fashion, [6] (#cite_note-6) to a meeting with the fashion editor of the Canadian newspaper The Star , but the editor did not believe that Twiggy was a model as she was too thin and had a haircut and beret typical in Canada of the mentally disabled. Before she was well known, Twiggy had modelled for McDonagh in England and helped out in the stockroom. [7] (#cite_note-tube-7) In 1999 McDonagh co-founded the Fashion Design Council of Canada (/wiki/Fashion_Design_Council_of_Canada) , [5] (#cite_note-globe-5) the former owners and producers of Toronto Fashion Week (/wiki/Toronto_Fashion_Week) . They honoured her with a lifetime achievement award in 2003. [3] (#cite_note-CalgH-3) Designs [ edit ] Governor General Michaëlle Jean of Canada wearing a coat by Pat McDonagh when greeting Barack Obama. The coat become known as the "Mrs Obama Coat". In England, McDonagh designed costumes for Diana Rigg as Emma Peel in The Avengers for whom she created leatherwear and python-buckled coats which she called "a very sophisticated, slightly fanciful take on what was happening in the swinging London club scene of the time". [1] (#cite_note-Tel-1) In Canada, she saw herself as exporting the "English look" abroad. She was inspired by the styles of the 1930s and 40s. One design, which became widely known simply as "the red dress", won her The New York Times award for design excellence in 1982. [1] (#cite_note-Tel-1) She designed the coat worn by Governor General Michaëlle Jean (/wiki/Micha%C3%ABlle_Jean) during Barack Obama's 2009 visit to Canada. The coat thereafter became known as the "Mrs. Obama coat" and McDonagh received regular requests from customers wishing to buy it. [7] (#cite_note-tube-7) Near the end of her life, she spoke of a simple dress worn by the central character in the 1927 film Metropolis (/wiki/Metropolis_(1927_film)) which had inspired her. She said she had used the same basic shape in every one of her collections in one form or another. [5] (#cite_note-globe-5) Throughout her career she never changed her personal style, claiming as a Pisces (/wiki/Pisces_(astrology)) to be averse to change, and her black bob hairstyle (/wiki/Bob_cut) eventually became part of her personal brand and even part of her company logo. [5] (#cite_note-globe-5) Personal life [ edit ] McDonagh married the television director David Main (then working for Granada Television (/wiki/ITV_Granada) ) [2] (#cite_note-CBC-2) in 1960, but they eventually divorced. [1] (#cite_note-Tel-1) The couple had three children, Louisa, Dominic, and Kate. [4] (#cite_note-Star-4) A slightly eccentric character, McDonagh was sometimes seen about Toronto with a parrot perched on her shoulder. [1] (#cite_note-Tel-1) She was a friend of the homeless and prone to spontaneous acts of generosity. [1] (#cite_note-Tel-1) She supported HIV and AIDS charities. McDonagh, who had cancer, died in Toronto on 31 May 2014. [3] (#cite_note-CalgH-3) [4] (#cite_note-Star-4) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Pat McDonagh – obituary. (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/10881977/Pat-McDonagh-obituary.html) The Telegraph , 6 June 2014. Retrieved 9 June 2014. ^ a b c d e f "Pat McDonagh, award-winning designer, dead at age 80" (http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/pat-mcdonagh-award-winning-designer-dead-at-age-80-1.2661377) . Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (/wiki/Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation) . 1 June 2014 . Retrieved 9 June 2014 . ^ a b c d Legendary award-winning Canadian designer Pat McDonagh dead at age 80. (https://calgaryherald.com/life/fashion/Legendary+awardwinning+Canadian+designer+McDonagh+dead/9896832/story.html) Lauren La Rose, The Canadian Press, in Calgary Herald (/wiki/Calgary_Herald) , 2 June 2014. Retrieved 10 June 2014. ^ a b c Ormsby, Mary (1 June 2014). "Pat McDonagh, legend in Canadian fashion, dies at 80" (https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2014/06/01/canadian_designer_pat_mcdonagh_dead_at_age_80.html) . Toronto Star . Retrieved 9 June 2014 . ^ a b c d Pat McDonagh, legendary Canadian designer on her life and legacy. (https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/news-video/video-pat-mcdonagh-legendary-canadian-designer-on-her-life-and-legacy/article18949185/) Interview by Sherrill Sutherland, The Globe and Mail (/wiki/The_Globe_and_Mail) , 2 June 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-6) Cheever, Susan (May 1983). "Twiggy" (https://web.archive.org/web/20061109120757/http://www.nytimes.com/specials/magazine4/articles/twiggy.html) . The New York Times . Archived from the original (https://www.nytimes.com/specials/magazine4/articles/twiggy.html) on 9 November 2006 . Retrieved 17 April 2007 . ^ a b Pat McDonagh Couture. (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FkjEwTQs7NI#t=94) Textile Museum of Canada (/wiki/Textile_Museum_of_Canada) , YouTube, 2014. Retrieved 9 June 2014. 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New Zealand fashion designer Adrian Hailwood (born 1971-72) is a New Zealand (/wiki/New_Zealand) fashion designer. [1] (#cite_note-:12-1) Known for his unique prints and evening wear, Hailwood's designs have gained international acclaim. He has dressed celebrities like Lorde (/wiki/Lorde) , Tilda Swinton (/wiki/Tilda_Swinton) , and Maggie Gyllenhaal (/wiki/Maggie_Gyllenhaal) , and his creations have been featured on red carpets around the world. Hailwood's designs are part of collections at Te Papa (/wiki/Te_Papa) and the New Zealand Fashion Museum (/wiki/New_Zealand_Fashion_Museum) . In addition to his clothing lines, he has expanded into accessories, including handbags (/wiki/Handbag) and jewelry (/wiki/Jewellery) . Early life and education [ edit ] Hailwood's interest in fashion began with a love of sneakers as a child, drawing prolific designs from the age of five. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) Hailwood gained a Bachelor of Design from Victoria University of Wellington (/wiki/Victoria_University_of_Wellington) before becoming an art director for television advertising. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) He describes his entry into fashion design as a "mistake", after he designed some t-shirts for a car commercial. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) Fashion design career [ edit ] Hailwood worked with Auckland manufacturer Casual Apparel, learning how to cut, grade, construct and screenprint tshirts. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) He expanded the range to include denim skirts and screenprinted wool and cashmere pieces produced by Glengyle Knitwear. He opened his first shop in Ponsonby (/wiki/Ponsonby,_New_Zealand) in 2001. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) The following year he was part of group shows in the Ponsonby Fringe Festival and L’Oreal New Zealand Fashion Week (/wiki/L%E2%80%99Oreal_New_Zealand_Fashion_Week) . [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) Hailwood's first solo show was held at the 2003 New Zealand Fashion Week, and he has appeared at every New Zealand Fashion Week since. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) He was later mentored by Karen Walker (/wiki/Karen_Walker_(designer)) after winning the inaugural Air New Zealand Fashion Export Growth Award in 2004. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) In 2007 Hailwood won the Development category at the NZ Fashion Export Awards where judges described him as a "rising star in New Zealand with partnerships within the design industry" and someone who was "building the capability to become a great exporter". [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) Hailwood cites his inspirations as pop culture, film, and his trips to Asia. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) His 2015 "sports luxe" collection featuring intarsia roses and embroidered unicorns was inspired by George V (/wiki/George_V) 's coat of arms (/wiki/Coat_of_arms) , while his 2016 show used fabrics he designed to celebrate his mother's life. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Hailwood designed the costumes for the 2017 Auckland Theatre Company (/wiki/Auckland_Theatre_Company) production of Amadeus , and for the Royal New Zealand Ballet (/wiki/Royal_New_Zealand_Ballet) . [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) His designs are held in the Te Papa (/wiki/Te_Papa) collection, and the New Zealand Fashion Museum (/wiki/New_Zealand_Fashion_Museum) . [9] (#cite_note-9) [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) Hailwood designs have been worn by Lorde (/wiki/Lorde) , on the cover of Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) magazine, Tilda Swinton (/wiki/Tilda_Swinton) , Maggie Gyllenhaal (/wiki/Maggie_Gyllenhaal) , Paloma Faith (/wiki/Paloma_Faith) , Wendy Petrie (/wiki/Wendy_Petrie) and Jacinda Ardern (/wiki/Jacinda_Ardern) . [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) [10] (#cite_note-10) Controversy in the New Zealand and global fashion industry. [ edit ] In February 2023 Hailwood was accused of breaching intellectual property, when a Stuff (/wiki/Stuff_(company)) investigation by Dana Johanssen found some of his designs appeared to be more expensive duplicates of those available from "fast fashion" sites such as Urban Revivo, Shein (/wiki/Shein_(company)) , ASOS (/wiki/ASOS_(retailer)) and Alibaba (/wiki/Alibaba_Group) . [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) Hailwood had claimed he designed the print for the "tree" dress worn by Jacinda Ardern in the January 2023 Australian Women's Weekly (/wiki/The_Australian_Women%27s_Weekly) as an homage to Japanese designer Issey Miyake (/wiki/Issey_Miyake) . [11] (#cite_note-11) Stuff alleged that the design is the same as the signature "Mirabelle" dress available in various colours since 2018 from London fashion house Solace London. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) Hailwood defended himself against the intellectual property charges by saying that some websites may be offering “similar looking but lower quality products”, and that he used the same methods as other designers in the industry. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) The same Stuff article also raised questions about Hailwood's brand using an ethical certification that has been unavailable for more than four years, and Fair Trading Act (/wiki/Fair_Trading_Act_1986) breaches if consumers were unaware they might be buying mass-produced garments. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-:12_1-0) "Designer Adrian Hailwood has a thing for shoes" (https://www.nzherald.co.nz/lifestyle/designer-adrian-hailwood-has-a-thing-for-shoes/VQZOUPXIOLKKJ6GKXTTYDJ5FBQ/) . ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "New Zealand Fashion Museum" (http://www.nzfashionmuseum.org.nz/hailwood/) . www.nzfashionmuseum.org.nz . Retrieved 4 February 2023 . ^ a b c d e f Johannsen, Dana (4 February 2023). "Acclaimed New Zealand fashion designer Adrian Hailwood facing intellectual property breach investigation as duplicate designs emerge" (https://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/style/131069707/acclaimed-new-zealand-fashion-designer-adrian-hailwood-facing-intellectual-property-breach-investigation-as-duplicate-designs-emerge) . Stuff . Retrieved 4 February 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Quarterly, Fashion (25 August 2016). "Fashion Quarterly \| Post-show debrief with Adrian Hailwood" (https://fq.co.nz/post-show-debrief-with-adrian-hailwood/) . Fashion Quarterly . Retrieved 5 February 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Hailwood's Royal treatment" (https://www.mindfood.com/article/hailwoods-royal-treatment-adrian-hailwood/) . MiNDFOOD . Retrieved 5 February 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Hailwood \\ AW19" (https://www.idfashion.co.nz/hailwood) . iD Dunedin Fashion . Retrieved 4 February 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) FASHIONZ (18 October 2016). "Hailwood dresses the Royal New Zealand Ballet" (https://fashionz.co.nz/hailwood-dresses-the-royal-new-zealand-ballet/) . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Auckland Theatre Company. "Adrian Hailwood \| Auckland Theatre Company" (https://www.atc.co.nz/auckland-theatre-company/people/adrian-hailwood/) . www.atc.co.nz . Retrieved 4 February 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Te Papa. "Adrian Hailwood - Collection objects" (https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/62045) . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Johannsen, Dana (4 February 2023). "Acclaimed New Zealand fashion designer Adrian Hailwood facing intellectual property breach investigation as duplicate designs emerge" (https://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/style/131069707/acclaimed-new-zealand-fashion-designer-adrian-hailwood-facing-intellectual-property-breach-investigation-as-duplicate-designs-emerge) . Stuff . Retrieved 5 February 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Nissen, Wendyl. "Jacinda Ardern opens up on her 2023 plans, her unlikely heroes and raising Neve" (https://www.nowtolove.co.nz/celebrity/celeb-news/jacinda-ardern-on-2023-her-heroes-and-raising-neve-46422) . Now To Love . Retrieved 5 February 2023 . 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adrian_Hailwood&oldid=1192795890 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adrian_Hailwood&oldid=1192795890) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : New Zealand fashion designers (/wiki/Category:New_Zealand_fashion_designers) Victoria University of Wellington alumni (/wiki/Category:Victoria_University_of_Wellington_alumni) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) 1971 births (/wiki/Category:1971_births) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from February 2023 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_February_2023) Use New Zealand English from February 2023 (/wiki/Category:Use_New_Zealand_English_from_February_2023) All Wikipedia articles written in New Zealand English (/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_New_Zealand_English)
Japanese sports clothing and accessories company Descente Ltd. Descente headquarters in Osaka, photographed in April 2019 Native name 株式会社デサント Company type Public (/wiki/Public_company) K.K. (/wiki/Kabushiki_kaisha) Traded as (/wiki/Ticker_symbol) TYO (/wiki/Tokyo_Stock_Exchange) : 8114 (https://www2.jpx.co.jp/tseHpFront/StockSearch.do?callJorEFlg=1&method=topsearch&topSearchStr=8114) ISIN (/wiki/International_Securities_Identification_Number) JP3548800006 Industry Apparel (/wiki/Textile_industry) Founded (February 1935 ; 89 years ago ( 1935-02 ) ) Founder Takeo Ishimoto Headquarters Dogashiba, Tennoji-ku (/wiki/Tenn%C5%8Dji-ku,_Osaka) , Osaka (/wiki/Osaka) , 543-8921 , Japan Area served Worldwide Key people Shuichi Koseki ( President (/wiki/President_(corporate_title)) ) [1] (#cite_note-1) Products Sportswear (/wiki/Sportswear_(activewear)) Sport accessories Revenue JPY (/wiki/Japanese_yen) 123.1 billion ( FY (/wiki/Fiscal_year) 2014) ( US$ (/wiki/US_dollar) 1.1 billion) (FY 2014) Net income (/wiki/Net_income) JPY 6.5 billion (FY 2014) (US$ 59 million) (FY 2014) Number of employees 1,839 (as of March 31, 2015) Website descente.co.jp (https://www.descente.co.jp/en/) Footnotes / references [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) Descente Ltd. ( 株式会社デサント , Kabushiki-gaisha Desanto ) is a Japanese sports clothing (/wiki/Sports_clothing) and accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) company, [5] (#cite_note-5) first formed in 1935, when Takeo Ishimoto started the company in Osaka (/wiki/Osaka) as Ishimoto Shoten. The company logo depicts 3 basic skiing techniques - traverse (/wiki/Traverse_(climbing)) , schuss (/wiki/Schuss) and side-slip. [6] (#cite_note-6) Descente owns a portfolio of 16 in-house, purchased and licensed brands, among them Descente, Shiseist, Arena (/wiki/Arena_(swimwear)) (in primarily Japan and the East Asia), Marmot (/wiki/Marmot_(company)) and Srixon (/wiki/Srixon) . [7] (#cite_note-7) History [ edit ] The forerunner of the company, a men's retail store called Ishimoto Shoten, was founded in 1935. It started developing skiwear in 1954, and registered the Descente trademark in 1961. The "Demopants" ski pants style was launched in 1974, followed in 1979 by the "Magic Suit". [8] (#cite_note-8) A wearable heating system called the "Mobile Thermo" jacket was introduced in 1998. In 2002, the company collaborated with Academy Award-winner (/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design#1990s) art director and costume designer Eiko Ishioka (/wiki/Eiko_Ishioka) in creating the Vortex suits and uniforms, used by the Japanese, Swiss, Spanish and Canadian teams competing in the 2002 Winter Olympics (/wiki/2002_Winter_Olympics) . [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) Other developments since 2000 have included the Mizusawa Down range, the E-liner under-suit for ski and speed skating use, the ACXEL range of support bands and in 2012, Genome high performance compression wear. The company won an ISPO Gold Medal for its ALLTERRAIN (/wiki/All-terrain_vehicle) Transform Jacket in 2013. [11] (#cite_note-11) Sponsorships [ edit ] Rowing [ edit ] Descente have sponsored Cambridge University Boat Club (/wiki/Cambridge_University_Boat_Club) in the Lightweight Boat Races (/wiki/The_Lightweight_Boat_Races) since 2018. Speed-skating [ edit ] (Left) : Dominique Gisin (/wiki/Dominique_Gisin) and Lara Gut (/wiki/Lara_Gut) wearing Descente ski suits at the 2014 Winter Olympics (/wiki/2014_Winter_Olympics) ; (right) : Eric Heiden wearing a Descente racing suit at the 1980 World Allround Speed Skating Championships for Men (/wiki/World_Allround_Speed_Skating_Championships_for_Men) The company sponsored the United States speed-skating team in the 1970s and 1980s, including Eric Heiden (/wiki/Eric_Heiden) , who won five gold medals at the 1980 Winter Olympics (/wiki/Speed_skating_at_the_1980_Winter_Olympics#Men.27s_events) wearing the gold Descente racing suit. [12] (#cite_note-12) It was also a supplier to the Canadian speed-skating team. [13] (#cite_note-VeloNews-13) Skiing [ edit ] The United States Ski Team (/wiki/United_States_Ski_Team) , during the 1980s, and later, the Swiss alpine ski team was equipped with the company's skiwear (/wiki/Ski_suit) . [13] (#cite_note-VeloNews-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) Bobsled, Skeleton & Luge [ edit ] Descente has equipped the German Bobled, Skeleton & Luge Team as the main sponsor. [16] (#cite_note-16) Cycling [ edit ] Descente has equipped the 7-Eleven Cycling Team (/wiki/7-Eleven_(cycling_team)) and Team CSC (/wiki/Tinkoff_(cycling_team)#Team_CSC:_2003.E2.80.932008) , two UCI World Tour (/wiki/UCI_World_Tour) competing teams. [13] (#cite_note-VeloNews-13) Baseball [ edit ] The company is the official apparel and uniform sponsor of the South Korea national baseball team (/wiki/South_Korea_national_baseball_team) having previously supplied South Korea's under-18 team. [17] (#cite_note-17) South Korea baseball team at a press conference before the 2014 Asian Games (/wiki/2014_Asian_Games) in Descente uniforms Motorcycle racing [ edit ] In February 2015, Yamaha Motor Racing (/wiki/Yamaha_Motor_Racing) , a MotoGP World Championship (/wiki/Grand_Prix_motorcycle_racing) team, signed an Official sponsorship and Official Supplier agreement with Descente. [18] (#cite_note-18) Triathlon [ edit ] In April 2017, Descente became the Sports Apparel Sponsor to British Triathlon (/wiki/British_Triathlon_Federation) , supplying the Great Britain Elite and Age-Group Teams with competition, training and travel wear. [19] (#cite_note-19) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "President's Message" (https://www.descente.co.jp/en/ir/message/) . Retrieved January 10, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Profile" (http://www.descente.co.jp/company/en/profile/) . Descente . Retrieved February 29, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Company Profile" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160307062645/http://asia.nikkei.com/Company/05J3S5-E) . Nikkei Asian Review (/wiki/Nikkei_Asian_Review) . Nikkei Inc. (/wiki/Nikkei_Inc.) Archived from the original (http://asia.nikkei.com/Company/05J3S5-E) on March 7, 2016 . Retrieved February 29, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) ASIA Major Wholesalers & Retailers . Business Information Agency. 2011. p. 83. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4187-8514-7 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Lee, Jeong-min (April 11, 2011). "데상트코리아 풀 스토리" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151001104633/http://www.fashionbiz.co.kr/BR/?cate=2&idx=122122) . Fashionbiz. Archived from the original (http://www.fashionbiz.co.kr/BR/?cate=2&idx=122122) on October 1, 2015 . Retrieved September 30, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Ski Wear by Descente" (http://www.snowkings.co.uk/gear/clothing/brands/descente/descente-ski-wear.htm) . Snow Kings . Retrieved February 29, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Doran, Jon (August 6, 2015). "Descente Acquires Majority Share In inov-8" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160307094556/http://www.outdoorsmagic.com/gear-news/descente-acquires-majority-share-in-inov-8/14549.html) . OutdoorsMagic.com . Immediate Media Company (/wiki/Immediate_Media_Company) . Archived from the original (http://www.outdoorsmagic.com/gear-news/descente-acquires-majority-share-in-inov-8/14549.html) on March 7, 2016 . Retrieved February 29, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Shishoo, Roshan (August 29, 2005). Textiles in Sport . Elsevier (/wiki/Elsevier) . p. 52. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-84569-088-5 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Jaffe, Andrew (September 24, 2003). Casting for Big Ideas: A New Manifesto for Agency Managers . John Wiley & Sons (/wiki/John_Wiley_%26_Sons) . p. 196 (https://archive.org/details/castingforbigide00jaff/page/n207) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-471-48091-4 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Boyle, Alan (February 1, 2002). "The high-tech race for Olympic gold" (http://www.nbcnews.com/id/3079010/ns/technology_and_science/t/high-tech-race-olympic-gold/#.Vu8hJnpvW4A) . NBCNews.com (/wiki/NBCNews.com) . NBCUniversal (/wiki/NBCUniversal) . Retrieved March 21, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Product of the year - 2013" (http://award.ispo.com/en/Winner-2013/Products/Performance/) . ISPO . Messe München (/wiki/Messe_M%C3%BCnchen) . Retrieved March 10, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Litsky, Frank (February 2, 1981). "Eric Heiden a year later: his privacy is golden" (https://www.nytimes.com/1981/02/02/sports/eric-heiden-a-year-later-his-privacy-is-golden.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . Retrieved March 17, 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Descente named Official Cycling Apparel of Team CSC" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160325151256/http://velonews.competitor.com/2005/11/news/press-release-descente-named-official-cycling-apparel-of-team-csc_9148) . VeloNews (/wiki/Competitor_Group,_Inc.#Cycling) . Competitor Group, Inc. November 10, 2005. Archived from the original (https://velonews.competitor.com/2005/11/news/press-release-descente-named-official-cycling-apparel-of-team-csc_9148) on March 25, 2016 . Retrieved March 18, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Skiing magazine (/wiki/Skiing_(magazine)) . Bonnier Corporation (/wiki/Bonnier_Corporation) . September 1983. p. 142. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0037-6264 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0037-6264) . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Swisscom to sponsor skiers" (http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/swisscom-to-sponsor-skiers/2805142) . Swissinfo (/wiki/Swissinfo) . Swiss Broadcasting Corporation (/wiki/Swiss_Broadcasting_Corporation) . July 5, 2002 . Retrieved March 18, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "BSD Portal: PREMIUMPARTNER" (https://www.bsd-portal.de/partner/premiumpartner/) . www.bsd-portal.de . Retrieved January 18, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Long, Michael (September 23, 2015). "Descente to supply South Korea at inaugural Premier12" (http://www.sportspromedia.com/news/descente_to_supply_south_korea_at_inaugural_premier12) . SportsPro (/wiki/SportsPro) . SportsPro Media Ltd . Retrieved March 18, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Venturoli, Emanuele (February 6, 2015). "Sports Marketing: Yamaha Motor and Descente sign Official Sponsor Agreement" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160327225711/http://rtrsports.co.uk/sports-marketing-yamaha-motor-and-descente-sign-official-sponsor-agreement/) . RTR Sports . RTR Sports Marketing Ltd. Archived from the original (http://rtrsports.co.uk/sports-marketing-yamaha-motor-and-descente-sign-official-sponsor-agreement/) on March 27, 2016 . Retrieved March 18, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "DESCENTE has become an Official Sponsor of British Triathlon" (https://www.britishtriathlon.org/news/descente-has-become-an-official-sponsor-of-british-triathlon_7060) . www.britishtriathlon.org . April 5, 2017 . Retrieved May 12, 2017 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Descente (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Descente) . Official website (https://www.descente.co.jp/) v t e Anta Sports Brands Amer Sports Arc'teryx (/wiki/Arc%27teryx) Armada (/wiki/Armada_(company)) Atomic (/wiki/Atomic_Skis) Peak Performance (/w/index.php?title=Peak_Performance&action=edit&redlink=1) Salomon (/wiki/Salomon_Group) Sports Tracker (/wiki/Sports_Tracker) Suunto (/wiki/Suunto) Wilson (/wiki/Wilson_Sporting_Goods) DeMarini (/wiki/DeMarini) EvoShield (/wiki/EvoShield) Louisville Slugger (/wiki/Hillerich_%26_Bradsby) Under license Descente Fila (/wiki/Fila) v t e Sports equipment (/wiki/Sports_equipment) brands This list includes companies that produce sports equipment. 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South Korean singer (born 1997) In this Korean name (/wiki/Korean_name) , the family name is Lee (/wiki/Lee_(Korean_surname)) . DK 도겸 DK in April 2024 Background information Birth name Lee Seok-min Born ( 1997-02-18 ) February 18, 1997 (age 27) Mapo-gu (/wiki/Mapo-gu) , Seoul, South Korea Occupation(s) Singer Musical career Genres K-pop (/wiki/K-pop) Instrument(s) Vocals Years active 2015–present Labels Pledis (/wiki/Pledis_Entertainment) Member of Seventeen (/wiki/Seventeen_(South_Korean_band)) BSS (/wiki/BSS_(band)) Korean name Hangul (/wiki/Hangul) 이석민 Hanja (/wiki/Hanja) 李 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%9D%8E) 碩 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%A2%A9) 珉 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%8F%89) Revised Romanization (/wiki/Revised_Romanization_of_Korean) I Seokmin McCune–Reischauer (/wiki/McCune%E2%80%93Reischauer) I Sŏkmin Stage name Hangul (/wiki/Hangul) 도겸 Hanja (/wiki/Hanja) 道 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%81%93) 兼 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%85%BC) Revised Romanization (/wiki/Revised_Romanization_of_Korean) Do Gyeom McCune–Reischauer (/wiki/McCune%E2%80%93Reischauer) To Kyŏm Lee Seok-min ( Korean (/wiki/Korean_language) : 이석민 ; born February 18, 1997), professionally known as Dokyeom ( Korean (/wiki/Korean_language) : 도겸 ) or DK for short, is a South Korean singer. Managed by Pledis Entertainment (/wiki/Pledis_Entertainment) , he is a member of the boy group Seventeen (/wiki/Seventeen_(South_Korean_band)) , and the leader of its subunit BSS (/wiki/BSS_(band)) . [1] (#cite_note-:2-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Outside of his work within Seventeen and BSS, DK has released a number of OSTs (/wiki/Soundtrack) which has been commercially successful in South Korea. In 2019 and 2021, he portrayed the role of King Arthur (/wiki/King_Arthur) in the South Korean productions of Artus-Excalibur (/wiki/Artus-Excalibur) . Early life [ edit ] Lee Seok-min was born on February 18, 1997 in Mapo-gu (/wiki/Mapo-gu) , Seoul, South Korea. [3] (#cite_note-1.-3) He attended Seoul Broadcasting High School (/wiki/Seoul_Broadcasting_High_School) and graduated in 2016. [4] (#cite_note-4) Name [ edit ] DK is the shortened version of his Korean stage name Dokyeom . In Korean, Do ( 도 ; 道 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%81%93#Korean) ) refers to a path or road, while Kyeom ( 겸 ; 兼 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%85%BC) ) means "multitasker", together representing a goal to be a multi-talented person who can take on many paths. [3] (#cite_note-1.-3) Career [ edit ] 2011-2014: Pre-debut [ edit ] DK joined Pledis Entertainment (/wiki/Pledis_Entertainment) in late 2011, having auditioned for the company after being inspired by South Korean singer Yoon Do-hyun (/wiki/Yoon_Do-hyun) 's career. [5] (#cite_note-5) He auditioned with three songs: YB Band (/wiki/YB_(band)) 's "Peppermint Candy", 2AM (/wiki/2AM_(band)) 's "This Song" and the Korean version of " This Is the Moment (/wiki/This_Is_the_Moment) " from the musical Jekyll & Hyde (/wiki/Jekyll_%26_Hyde_(musical)) . [6] (#cite_note-2.-6) In 2013, he began appearing in Seventeen TV (/wiki/Seventeen_TV) , an online reality show that introduced Pledis' trainees and showed potential members of the boy group Seventeen (/wiki/Seventeen_(South_Korean_band)) before their official debut. The show was broadcast periodically on Ustream (/wiki/Ustream) , where the trainees showed themselves training, singing, creating choreographies and playing games. [7] (#cite_note-7) The online show also included participation in concerts, titled Like Seventeen . [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) 2015–present: Seventeen, BSS, and solo activities [ edit ] In 2015, DK debuted as a member of the South Korean boy group Seventeen with the extended play 17 Carat (/wiki/17_Carat) on May 29. [10] (#cite_note-10) Since debuting, DK has participated in the songwriting of over 10 Seventeen songs. [11] (#cite_note-komca-11) In 2018, DK alongside Seventeen members Seungkwan (/wiki/Seungkwan) and Hoshi (/wiki/Hoshi_(South_Korean_singer)) formed the group's first official subunit, BSS (/wiki/BSS_(band)) or BooSeokSoon ( 부석순 ), a common nickname for the three members. The group released their debut single "Just Do It" on March 21. [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) In 2023, after a five year hiatus, the group returned with the single album Second Wind (/wiki/Second_Wind_(single_album)) and song " Fighting (/wiki/Fighting_(BSS_song)) " which both met commercial success. [14] (#cite_note-14) In February 2019, DK was cast in the lead role of King Arthur in a South Korean production of Artus-Excalibur (/wiki/Artus-Excalibur) titled Xcalibur at the Sejong Center (/wiki/Sejong_Center) . [15] (#cite_note-15) In anticipation for the role, he was featured on the cover of the performing arts magazine Scene Playbill . [16] (#cite_note-16) His performance received praise from critics and audiences, with Jang Woo-young of The Chosun Ilbo (/wiki/The_Chosun_Ilbo) calling DK "amazing", with the musical "announc[ing] the birth of a new musical star." [17] (#cite_note-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) Frank Wildhorn (/wiki/Frank_Wildhorn) , the original composer of the musical, also commended his talent. [19] (#cite_note-19) For the role, he was nominated for "Best Male Rookie" at the 4th Korea Musical Awards and the 2019 Stagetalk Audience Choice Awards. [20] (#cite_note-5.-20) [21] (#cite_note-6.-21) In 2020, DK and bandmate Joshua (/wiki/Joshua_Hong) collaborated with American musician Pink Sweats (/wiki/Pink_Sweats) on a remix of his song "17". [22] (#cite_note-22) In 2021 he reprised the role of King Arthur in the second run of Xcalibur , this time at the Blue Square Shinhan Card Hall in Seoul. [23] (#cite_note-23) He again was featured on the cover of a magazine in anticipation, this time for Theatre Plus ' August 2021 issue. [24] (#cite_note-24) Despite opening during the Covid-19 pandemic, the second season of the musical was a success, with standing ovation at every performance [25] (#cite_note-25) and DK's performance was again commended. [26] (#cite_note-26) He concluded 2021 by releasing his first official solo single, a surprise song, titled "You're My Christmas". [27] (#cite_note-4.-27) On 18 February 2023, DK released a cover of Baekhyun (/wiki/Baekhyun) 's "Amusement Park" to commemorate his 25th birthday. [28] (#cite_note-28) In June, he shared another cover, of Yuuri (/wiki/Yuuri_(singer-songwriter)) 's "Betelgeuse". [29] (#cite_note-29) In March 2024, he released a cover of Lucy (/wiki/Lucy_(South_Korean_band)) 's "Sequel". [30] (#cite_note-30) In June, he released a cover of Lauv (/wiki/Lauv) 's " Steal the Show (/wiki/Steal_the_Show) " as a YouTube Music (/wiki/YouTube_Music) exclusive. [31] (#cite_note-31) In July, he released another cover of Day6 (/wiki/Day6) 's "Happy". [32] (#cite_note-32) Artistry [ edit ] Voice [ edit ] DK has been commended for his singing prowess, for his work in Seventeen and his work in musicals. In 2018, he was featured as one of the K-pop industry's "representative vocalists" by Dispatch Korea . [6] (#cite_note-2.-6) In 2022, Newsen's Lee Seul-gi reported that he has been recognized for his vocal skills, with a wide range and rich volume. [33] (#cite_note-33) In reviewing Seventeen's Follow concert in Seoul, Abby Webster described his voice as a "warm lower register" for NME (/wiki/NME) . [34] (#cite_note-34) After his appearance on King of Masked Singer (/wiki/King_of_Masked_Singer) , Park Hee-ah of Melon (/wiki/Melon_(online_music_service)) described his voice as having "solid vocalization, high range, and flexible rhythm." [35] (#cite_note-35) Influences [ edit ] DK has cited YB (/wiki/YB_(band)) as being a major inspiration for his music career. [1] (#cite_note-:2-1) Other ventures [ edit ] Fashion [ edit ] In February 2023, DK attended Swiss luxury fashion house Bally (/wiki/Bally_(fashion_house)) 's Fall/Winter show in Milan. In September, DK was officially announced as the fashion house's new global brand ambassador. [36] (#cite_note-36) He was then featured in W Korea (/wiki/W_Magazine) ' s October issue to promote the brand with a pictorial. [37] (#cite_note-37) He attended the brand's Milan Fashion Week show for Fall/Winter 2024 in March 2024 and was again featured in W Korea . [38] (#cite_note-38) In June 2023, DK made his first appearance on the cover of Japanese fashion magazine Men's Non-no (/wiki/Men%27s_Non-no) , alongside Seventeen member Wonwoo (/wiki/Wonwoo) . [39] (#cite_note-39) The pair would go on to be featured in other issues cataloguing their fashion. [40] (#cite_note-40) [41] (#cite_note-41) [42] (#cite_note-42) [43] (#cite_note-43) Discography [ edit ] See also: Seventeen discography (/wiki/Seventeen_discography) and BSS (band) (/wiki/BSS_(band)) Singles [ edit ] Title Year Artist Album Ref "Cinematic Love" ( 한 편의 너 ) 2017 DK and Yang Da-il (/wiki/Yang_Da-il) Non-album single [44] (#cite_note-44) "17" (Remix) Featuring DK and Joshua (/wiki/Joshua_Hong) 2020 Pink Sweats (/wiki/Pink_Sweats) The Prelude [45] (#cite_note-45) "You're My Christmas" 2021 DK Non-album single [27] (#cite_note-4.-27) "Die Schatten Werden Laenger" ( 한 편의 너 ) Featuring DK 2022 Kai (/wiki/Kai_(singer,_born_1981)) Kai on Musical [46] (#cite_note-46) "When Will We Learn" ( 언제일까 ) DK Xcalibur [47] (#cite_note-47) "Dirty Dancing" Featuring DK, Joshua and Dino 2023 New Kids on the Block (/wiki/New_Kids_on_the_Block) and Dem Jointz (/wiki/Dem_Jointz) The Block (/wiki/The_Block_(album)) 2023 Rerelease [48] (#cite_note-48) Soundtrack appearances [ edit ] Title Year Peak chart positions Album Circle (/wiki/Circle_Digital_Chart) [49] (#cite_note-49) Kor Hot (/wiki/K-pop_Hot_100) [50] (#cite_note-50) "Missed Connections" ( 내가 먼저 ) 2018 — [A] (#cite_note-52) — Tempted OST Part 3 (/wiki/Tempted_(TV_series)#Part_3) "Is It Still Beautiful" ( 여전히 아름다운지 ) With Woozi (/wiki/Woozi) and Seungkwan (/wiki/Seungkwan) , originally by Kim Yeon-woo (/wiki/Kim_Yeon-woo) 2021 25 22 Hospital Playlist OST Part 8 (/wiki/Hospital_Playlist#Season_2) "Go!" 2022 123 88 Twenty-Five Twenty-One OST (/wiki/Twenty-Five_Twenty-One#Part_5) "Short Hair" ( 단발머리 ) 2023 — [B] (#cite_note-54) — Welcome to Samdal-ri OST (/wiki/Welcome_to_Samdal-ri#Original_soundtrack) Composition credits [ edit ] All credits are adapted from the Korea Music Copyright Association (/wiki/Korea_Music_Copyright_Association) . [11] (#cite_note-komca-11) Year Artist Song Album Lyrics Music Credited With Credited With 2016 Seventeen (/wiki/Seventeen_(South_Korean_band)) "Say Yes" Love & Letter (/wiki/Love_%26_Letter) Woozi, Seungkwan, Kiggen — "Adore U" ( 아낀다 ) (Vocal Team) Bumzu, S.Coups, Woozi, Vernon, Seungkwan — 2017 "Without You" ( 모자를 눌러 쓰고 ) Teen, Age (/wiki/Teen,_Age) Woozi, Vernon, Jeonghan, Hoshi, The8, Mingyu, S.Coups, Dino, Bumzu — "Clap" ( 박수 ) Bumzu, Woozi, Hoshi, Mingyu, Jeonghan, Seungkwan — "Hello" Bumzu, Mingyu, Jun Bumzu "Campfire" ( 캠프파이어 ) Woozi, Vernon, Jeonghan, Wonwoo, The8, Mingyu, S.Coups, Seungkwan, Bumzu — "We gonna make it shine" Non-album singles Bumzu, Woozi, Joshua, Seungkwan, Jeonghan — 2019 BSS (/wiki/BSS_(band)) "Just Do It" ( 거침없이 ) Woozi, Hoshi, Seungkwan — 2020 Seventeen "Hey Buddy" Semicolon (/wiki/Semicolon_(EP)) Bumzu, Woozi, Mingyu, The8 Bumzu, Woozi, Mingyu, The8, Lee Gi-yong, Lee Min-gyu 2021 "In the Soop" Non-album singles Woozi, Wonwoo, Dino, Hoshi, Mingyu, Joshua, Jeonghan — DK "You're My Christmas" Jozu, Lee Beom-hoon Jozu, Lee Beom-hoon 2023 BSS " Fighting (/wiki/Fighting_(BSS_song)) " ( 파이팅 해야지 ) Featuring Lee Young-ji (/wiki/Lee_Young-ji) Second Wind (/wiki/Second_Wind_(single_album)) Bumzu, Woozi, Hoshi, Seungkwan, Lee Young-ji — "Lunch" Bumzu, Woozi, Hoshi, Seungkwan — "7PM" ( 7시예 들어줘 ) Featuring Peder Elias (/wiki/Peder_Elias) Bumzu, Woozi, Hoshi, Seungkwan, Peder Elias — Awards and nominations [ edit ] See also: List of awards and nominations received by Seventeen (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Seventeen) Name of the award ceremony, year presented, category, nominee of the award, and the result of the nomination Award ceremony Year Category Nominee/Work Result Ref. Stagetalk Audience Choice Awards 2019 Male Newcomer DK (Xcalibur) Nominated [21] (#cite_note-6.-21) 4th Korea Musical Awards 2020 Nominated [20] (#cite_note-5.-20) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-52) "Missed Connections" did not enter the Gaon Digital Chart, but peaked at number 39 on the Gaon BGM Chart. [51] (#cite_note-51) ^ (#cite_ref-54) "Short Hair" did not enter the Circle Digital Chart, but peaked at number 116 on the Circle Downloads Chart. [52] (#cite_note-53) References [ edit ] ^ a b "[단독] 세븐틴, 첫 스페셜 유닛 '부석순' 출격...3월 신곡발표" (http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&aid=0003735810) (in Korean). Osen. March 13, 2018. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220120223242/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&aid=0003735810) from the original on January 20, 2022 . Retrieved January 20, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "뉴스 : 네이버 TV연예" (https://m.entertain.naver.com/article/003/0011692761) . m.entertain.naver.com . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ a b "[My Name] 세븐틴 (2) 보컬팀 - 우지, 조슈아, 정한, 도겸, 승관" (https://m.news.zum.com/articles/22840812) . ZUM 뉴스 (in Korean). June 18, 2015 . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Kim, Mi-hwa (February 6, 2016). "세븐틴 민규·도겸·승관, 진학 미루고 활동매진..대세 굳힌다" (https://www.starnewskorea.com/stview.php?no=2016020514512745491) . 스타뉴스 (in Korean). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240606222810/https://www.starnewskorea.com/stview.php?no=2016020514512745491) from the original on June 6, 2024 . Retrieved June 7, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "[캐스팅 B하인드] 플레디스편" (https://www.dispatch.co.kr/930214) . Dispatch Korea. October 3, 2017. ^ a b "[독점] "보컬즈가 추천합니다"…봄날의 플레이리스트" (https://newsfeed.dispatch.co.kr/1323656) . Dispatch Korea. June 1, 2018 . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Seventeen Vernon Fumbles with English; Fans Amused with His Korenglish" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170518124052/https://www.hofmag.com/seventeen-vernon-fumbles-with-english-fans-amused-with-his-korenglish/208619) . Hall of Fame Magazine . Archived from the original (https://www.hofmag.com/seventeen-vernon-fumbles-with-english-fans-amused-with-his-korenglish/208619) on May 18, 2017 . Retrieved February 6, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "세븐틴 세 번째 콘스트, 다양한 무대로 팬들 매료" (http://hei.hankyung.com/hub02/201311263531q) [Seventeen's third concert, captivated fans with various stages]. HEI (in Korean). November 23, 2013. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160315150533/http://hei.hankyung.com/hub02/201311263531q) from the original on March 15, 2016 . Retrieved February 6, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "세븐틴, 데뷔전 마지막 콘서트 연다..'최종 점검' (http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1109927555) " (http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1109927555) [Seventeen, last concert before debut revealed...'the final check']. OSEN (in Korean). August 12, 2014. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210123143342/http://osen.mt.co.kr/article/G1109927555) from the original on January 23, 2021 . Retrieved February 6, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Benjamin, Jeff (May 30, 2015). "Here's What a 13-Member K-Pop Boy Band Looks Like: Watch 'Adore U' by Seventeen" (http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-town/6582987/seventeen-adore-u-13-member-boy-band) . Billboard . Retrieved January 20, 2022 . ^ a b "Songs Registered Under DK (10012310)" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230419071834/https://www.komca.or.kr/srch2/srch_01_popup_mem_right.jsp?S_MB_CD=10012310) (in Korean). Korea Music Copyright Association (/wiki/Korea_Music_Copyright_Association) . Archived from the original (https://www.komca.or.kr/srch2/srch_01_popup_mem_right.jsp?S_MB_CD=10012310) on April 19, 2023 . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Everything to Know About K-Pop Group SEVENTEEN" (https://time.com/5868040/seventeen-k-pop-everything-to-know/) (in Korean). Osen. July 29, 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200730095945/https://time.com/5868040/seventeen-k-pop-everything-to-know/) from the original on July 30, 2020 . Retrieved January 28, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "[공식입장] 세븐틴 측 "호시X승관X도겸, 스페셜 유닛 3월 공개" (http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=011&aid=0003242839) " (http://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=011&aid=0003242839) (in Korean). 서경스타. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220120222818/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=011&aid=0003242839) from the original on January 20, 2022 . 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Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) " (https://www.hankookilbo.com/News/Read/201908041986350997) "소중한 시간"..세븐틴 도겸, 뮤지컬 데뷔작 '엑스칼리버' 대장정 마무리" (https://www.hankookilbo.com/News/Read/201908041986350997) . 한국일보 (in Korean). August 4, 2019 . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "세븐틴 도겸, 오늘(19일) 뮤지컬 '엑스칼리버' 첫 공연..성장캐 예약" (https://www.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2019/06/19/2019061900571.html) . 조선일보 (in Korean). July 17, 2020 . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ a b "제4회 한국뮤지컬어워즈 수상작(자) – 한국뮤지컬어워즈" (https://awards.kmusical.kr/history-awards/4rd-awards/) (in Korean) . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ a b "[SACA]2019 SACA 최종 후보 발표!" (https://web.archive.org/web/20220507123232/http://www.stagetalk.co.kr/HotNews/PlusTalk/?idContents=73511#read%3A73511) . Stagetalk . December 2, 2019. Archived from the original (http://www.stagetalk.co.kr/HotNews/PlusTalk/?idContents=73511) on May 7, 2022 . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Herman, Tamar (September 24, 2020). "Pink Sweat$ & Seventeen Discuss Coming Together On '17' Remix In Age Of Corona" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/tamarherman/2020/09/24/pink-sweat--seventeen-discuss-coming-together-on-17-remix-in-age-of-corona/) . Forbes . Retrieved June 12, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "비투비 서은광·세븐틴 도겸, 뮤지컬 '엑스칼리버' 합류" (https://www.chosun.com/culture-life/performance-arts/2021/06/21/DTTTZSM4TZBTFIKDRO7OJCT4JM/) . 조선일보 (in Korean). June 21, 2021 . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Shin, Seong-ah (July 29, 2021). "세븐틴 도겸 "뮤지컬 '엑스칼리버' 다시 참여, 감격스럽다" (https://www.newdaily.co.kr/site/data/html/2021/07/29/2021072900004.html) " (https://www.newdaily.co.kr/site/data/html/2021/07/29/2021072900004.html) . 뉴데일리 (in Korean) . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Seo, Sang-hyun (November 8, 2021). "뮤지컬 '엑스칼리버' 김준수·카이·서은광·도겸, 뜨거운 극찬 속 성료" (https://www.topdaily.kr/articles/83958) . 톱데일리 (in Korean) . 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"SEVENTEEN's DK drops cover of Yuuri's 'Betelgeuse' (https://www.gmanetwork.com/entertainment/showbiznews/news/102923/seventeens-dk-drops-cover-of-yuuris-betelgeuse/story) " (https://www.gmanetwork.com/entertainment/showbiznews/news/102923/seventeens-dk-drops-cover-of-yuuris-betelgeuse/story) . www.gmanetwork.com . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) Jeong, Eun-young (March 19, 2024). " (https://www.topstarnews.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=15469455) "위로와 선물이 되길"…세븐틴 도겸, 커버곡 깜짝 공개→따스한 소감" (https://www.topstarnews.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=15469455) . 톱스타뉴스 (in Korean). ^ (#cite_ref-31) "Steal The Show" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oWBhugHt_8c&list=OLAK5uy_kwJyefoPnxz3GHfv8jcvVKeJxDogdlZUg) . YouTube Music . Seventeen. June 25, 2024 . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) Yeo, Gladys (July 1, 2024). "Listen to SEVENTEEN's DK cover Day6's 'Happy' (https://www.nme.com/news/music/seventeen-dk-cover-day6-happy-3770988) " (https://www.nme.com/news/music/seventeen-dk-cover-day6-happy-3770988) . NME . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) Lee, Seul-gi (September 17, 2022). "세븐틴 도겸, 맑고 깨끗한 음색 자랑…'행운을 빌어 줘' 재해석" (https://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=202209170931522110) . ^ (#cite_ref-34) Webster, Abby (July 25, 2023). "SEVENTEEN live in Seoul: unbeatable energy from K-pop's peerless performers" (https://www.nme.com/reviews/live/seventeen-live-in-seoul-3472994) . NME . ^ (#cite_ref-35) Park, Hee-ah. "복면 뒤에서 빛난 아이돌의 보컬 [웹진웨이브]" (https://www.melon.com/musicstory/detail.htm?mstorySeq=6238) . 멜론 (in Korean) . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-36) Brycen, Saunders (September 19, 2023). "SEVENTEEN's DK Is Bally's New Global Brand Ambassador" (https://hypebeast.com/2023/9/seventeen-dk-bally-global-brand-ambassador-info) . Hypebeast . 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February 17, 2024. ^ (#cite_ref-41) "【連載】SEVENTEEN WONWOO（ウォヌ）＆DK（ドギョム）『OUR NEW CLOSET!』／vol.2 Trip to TOKYO" (https://www.mensnonno.jp/fashion/441907/) . メンズノンノウェブ MEN'S NON-NO WEB (in Japanese). March 17, 2024. ^ (#cite_ref-42) "【連載】SEVENTEEN WONWOO（ウォヌ）＆DK（ドギョム）『OUR NEW CLOSET!』／vol.3 Spring town, Favorite ＂Coat＂" (https://www.mensnonno.jp/fashion/453647/) . メンズノンノウェブ MEN'S NON-NO WEB (in Japanese). April 17, 2024. ^ (#cite_ref-43) "【連載】SEVENTEEN WONWOO（ウォヌ）＆DK（ドギョム）『OUR NEW CLOSET!』／vol.4 Be Elegant!" (https://www.mensnonno.jp/fashion/461850/) . メンズノンノウェブ MEN'S NON-NO WEB (in Japanese). May 17, 2024. ^ (#cite_ref-44) "세븐틴 도겸-감성 보컬 양다일, '한 편의 너' 듀엣곡 공개!" (https://enews.imbc.com/News/RetrieveNewsInfo/212288) . iMBC 연예 (in Korean). August 9, 2017 . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-45) PinkSweat$. "PinkSweat$ – 17 (feat. Joshua and DK of SEVENTEEN) [Official Audio]" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0WwUKLRzct0) . Youtube . Youtube . Retrieved February 9, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-46) "카이, 뮤지컬 인생 앨범에…"8월 콘서트 포스터 직접 그렸죠" (https://mobile.newsis.com/view.html?ar_id=NISX20220725_0001955558) " (https://mobile.newsis.com/view.html?ar_id=NISX20220725_0001955558) . mobile.newsis.com (in Korean). July 26, 2022 . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-47) "DOKYEOM (도겸) – 언제일까 (When Will We Learn) (뮤지컬 '엑스칼리버' / From the Musical 'Xcalibur')" (https://genius.com/Dokyeom-when-will-we-learn-from-the-musical-xcalibur-lyrics) . Genius . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-48) New Kids On The Block. "Dirty Dancing (feat. Joshua, DK & Dino of SEVENTEEN) – Dem Jointz Remix (Official Audio)" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y21aCiqzuVA) . Youtube . Youtube . Retrieved February 9, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-49) Peak chart positions on Circle Digital Chart: "Is It Still Beautiful": "BILLBOARD K-POP 100 (The week of August 14, 2021)" (https://web.archive.org/web/20210819021231/https://www.billboard.com/charts/billboard-korea-100/2021-08-21) . Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) . Archived from the original (https://www.billboard.com/charts/billboard-korea-100/2021-08-21) on August 19, 2021 . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . "Go!": 2022년 10주차 Digital Chart [Digital Chart – Week 10 of 2022]. Gaon Music Chart (in Korean). March 5, 2022. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220310023711/http://gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=ALL&targetTime=10&hitYear=2022&termGbn=week) from the original on March 10, 2022 . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-50) Peak chart positions on Billboard K-pop 100: "Is It Still Beautiful": "BILLBOARD K-POP 100 (The week of September 4, 2021)" (https://www.billboard.com/charts/billboard-korea-100/2021-09-04) . Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210902021401/https://www.billboard.com/charts/billboard-korea-100/2021-09-04) from the original on September 2, 2021 . Retrieved July 16, 2024 . "Go!": "Billboard K-Pop 100" (https://web.archive.org/web/20220329115653/http://billboard.co.kr/chart/week/) . Billboard Korea . April 2–9, 2022. Archived from the original (http://billboard.co.kr/chart/week/) on March 29, 2022 . Retrieved July 16, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-51) 2018년 15주차 BGM Chart [Week 15 of 2018 BGM Chart]. Gaon Music Chart (in Korean). April 8–14, 2018. Archived from the original (http://gaonchart.co.kr/main/section/chart/online.gaon?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1060&targetTime=15&hitYear=2018&termGbn=week) on March 10, 2022 . Retrieved July 15, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-53) "CIRCLE CHART - 써클차트" (https://circlechart.kr/page_chart/onoff.circle?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&targetTime=51&hitYear=2023&termGbn=week&yearTime=3) . circlechart.kr . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240308043301/https://circlechart.kr/page_chart/onoff.circle?nationGbn=T&serviceGbn=S1020&targetTime=51&hitYear=2023&termGbn=week&yearTime=3) from the original on March 8, 2024. v t e Seventeen (/wiki/Seventeen_(South_Korean_band)) S.Coups (/wiki/S.Coups) Jeonghan Joshua (/wiki/Joshua_Hong) Jun (/wiki/Wen_Junhui) Hoshi (/wiki/Hoshi_(South_Korean_singer)) Wonwoo (/wiki/Wonwoo) Woozi (/wiki/Woozi) DK Mingyu (/wiki/Mingyu_(rapper)) The8 (/wiki/The8) Seungkwan (/wiki/Seungkwan) Vernon (/wiki/Vernon_(rapper)) Dino Studio albums Love & Letter (/wiki/Love_%26_Letter) Teen, Age (/wiki/Teen,_Age) An Ode (/wiki/An_Ode) Face the Sun (/wiki/Face_the_Sun) Compilation albums Always Yours (/wiki/Always_Yours_(album)) 17 Is Right Here (/wiki/17_Is_Right_Here) Extended plays Korean 17 Carat (/wiki/17_Carat) Boys Be (/wiki/Boys_Be_(EP)) Going Seventeen (/wiki/Going_Seventeen) Al1 (/wiki/Al1) You Make My Day (/wiki/You_Make_My_Day) You Made My Dawn (/wiki/You_Made_My_Dawn) Heng:garæ (/wiki/Heng:gar%C3%A6) Semicolon (/wiki/Semicolon_(EP)) Your Choice (/wiki/Your_Choice) Attacca (/wiki/Attacca_(EP)) FML (/wiki/FML_(EP)) Seventeenth Heaven (/wiki/Seventeenth_Heaven) Japanese We Make You (/wiki/We_Make_You) 24H (/wiki/24H_(EP)) Dream (/wiki/Dream_(Seventeen_EP)) Singles " Very Nice (/wiki/Very_Nice) " " Don't Wanna Cry (/wiki/Don%27t_Wanna_Cry_(Seventeen_song)) " " Left & Right (/wiki/Left_%26_Right_(Seventeen_song)) " " Rock with You (/wiki/Rock_with_You_(Seventeen_song)) " " Darl+ing (/wiki/Darl%2Bing) " " Hot (/wiki/Hot_(Seventeen_song)) " " Super (/wiki/Super_(Seventeen_song)) " " God of Music (/wiki/God_of_Music_(song)) " " Maestro (/wiki/Maestro_(Seventeen_song)) " Record companies Pledis Entertainment (/wiki/Pledis_Entertainment) Geffen Records (/wiki/Geffen_Records) Universal (/wiki/Universal_Music_Group) Related topics Bumzu (/wiki/Bumzu) Seventeen TV (/wiki/Seventeen_TV) Going Seventeen (web series) (/wiki/Going_Seventeen_(web_series)) BSS (/wiki/BSS_(band)) Second Wind (/wiki/Second_Wind_(single_album)) " Fighting (/wiki/Fighting_(BSS_song)) " JxW This Man (/wiki/This_Man_(single_album)) Discography (/wiki/Seventeen_discography) Videography (/wiki/Seventeen_videography) Awards and nominations (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Seventeen) Live performances (/wiki/List_of_Seventeen_live_performances) v t e Pledis Entertainment (/wiki/Pledis_Entertainment) Discography (/wiki/Pledis_Entertainment_discography) Recording artists Solo Bumzu (/wiki/Bumzu) (producer) Baekho (/wiki/Baekho_(singer)) Minhyun (/wiki/Hwang_Min-hyun) Group After School (/wiki/After_School_(group)) (inactive) Orange Caramel (/wiki/Orange_Caramel) Seventeen (/wiki/Seventeen_(South_Korean_band)) BSS (/wiki/BSS_(band)) Fromis 9 (/wiki/Fromis_9) TWS (/wiki/TWS_(group)) Actors / actresses Nana (/wiki/Nana_(entertainer)) Former artists Son Dam-bi (/wiki/Son_Dam-bi) Soyoung (/wiki/Yoo_So-young) Bekah Kahi (/wiki/Kahi_(singer)) Jooyeon (/wiki/Lee_Jooyeon) Jung Ah (/wiki/Kim_Jungah) Uee (/wiki/Uee) Lizzy (/wiki/Park_Soo-ah) Raina (/wiki/Raina_(singer)) Hello Venus (/wiki/Hello_Venus) Alice (/wiki/Alice_(South_Korean_singer)) Lime (/wiki/Lime_(singer)) Nara (/wiki/Kwon_Nara) Yooyoung (/wiki/Yooyoung) Yoo Ara (/wiki/Yoo_Ara) Pristin (/wiki/Pristin) / Pristin V (/wiki/Pristin_V) Nayoung (/wiki/Lim_Na-young) Xiyeon (/wiki/Xiyeon) Han Dong-geun (/wiki/Han_Dong-geun) Zhou Jieqiong (/wiki/Zhou_Jieqiong) NU'EST (/wiki/NU%27EST) NU'EST W (/wiki/NU%27EST_W) JR (/wiki/Kim_Jong-hyeon) Aron (/wiki/Aron_(singer)) Ren (/wiki/Ren_(singer)) Jang Gyu-ri (/wiki/Jang_Gyu-ri) Parent Hybe Corporation (/wiki/Hybe_Corporation) Partners Kakao M (/wiki/Kakao_M) Neowiz Internet Avex Group (/wiki/Avex_Group) Yuehua Entertainment (/wiki/Yuehua_Entertainment) Related articles K-pop (/wiki/K-pop) Korean record labels (/wiki/Category:South_Korean_record_labels) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/327155103924276201434) Artists MusicBrainz (https://musicbrainz.org/artist/81f70c77-2c06-486b-9fdd-eb74f5c94bfa) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐m62n6 Cached time: 20240720193626 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.922 seconds Real time usage: 1.152 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 6059/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 201459/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 11562/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 9/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 238132/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.592/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 15768033/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1017.416 1 -total 48.33% 491.669 4 Template:Infobox 36.62% 372.623 2 Template:Infobox_musical_artist 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( March 2024 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Tara Eden Pearl is an American entrepreneur, business strategist and real estate (/wiki/Real_estate) executive who has founded several companies. She designed and manufactured a line of furniture pieces, distributed through wholesale (/wiki/Wholesale) channels as well as her own retail (/wiki/Retail) chain stores (/wiki/Chain_store) . Edie Cohen of the Chicago Tribune (/wiki/Chicago_Tribune) credited her with launching a multimillion-dollar futon (/wiki/Futon) industry in the United States, and creating what has been called the "Western" or "American Futon"—prior to her 21st birthday. [1] (#cite_note-dream-1) In addition to her other business interests, Pearl is currently an executive and a founder of Universal Medical Access Corporation , a Palm Beach, Florida (/wiki/Palm_Beach,_Florida) -based health information technology (/wiki/Health_information_technology) firm. Early life [ edit ] Born in 1961 in Chicago, Ill., Pearl grew up in Palm Beach, Florida where she attended the Palm Beach Day Academy (/wiki/Palm_Beach_Day_Academy) . Pearl’s entrepreneurial education started at an early age. Her grandparents, George and Suzetta Small, owned a large clothing and design manufacturing business with factories in New York and Florida. Her grandmother, Suzetta Small, was also a prolific and accomplished entrepreneur. Small was among the first female general contractors in Florida, and founder of several companies, including consulting and brokerage firm Palm Beach Real Estate, Inc., Contemporary Construction, the Small Museum and The Look, a clothing design and manufacturing company that operated in Florida and Puerto Rico. Suzetta Small had created the businesses with her daughter, Phyllis “Honey” Small, and the women involved young Tara in the running of the businesses throughout her childhood. [2] (#cite_note-2) During school vacations, Pearl served as the part-time activities director [3] (#cite_note-3) for the Breakers Hotel (/wiki/Breakers_Hotel) . Futon business [ edit ] Pearl enrolled at Clark University (/wiki/Clark_University) in Worcester, Mass. in 1977. A furniture piece she designed for her own dorm room, an adaptation of a traditional Japanese sleeping mat, became so popular and sought after that by her sophomore year, she made a decision to leave school and open her first home furnishings factory in Chicago. Prior to her 21st birthday, the Chicago Tribune had credited Pearl with creating the "American-style" futon and launching the futon industry in the U.S. [1] (#cite_note-dream-1) During the same year, the Chicago Tribune called Tara Pearl one of “86 People to Watch in 1986,” along with Donald Rumsfeld. [4] (#cite_note-4) In her first year of manufacturing futons, her firm Natural Design Inc. grew so quickly she was forced to expand into three new factories in rapid succession. Pearl's manufacturing innovations established Natural Design as "the leading futon and futon furniture supplier in the country." [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) Her analytical approach to marketing was described and used as the subject of a problem in a college-level statistics text. [7] (#cite_note-7) Her first retail store was located in Evanston, Illinois. Eventually, this portfolio expanded to include seven stores in the Chicago area. Natural Design was sold to its employees in the early 1990s. [8] (#cite_note-8) In 1987, Pearl launched Futon Furnishings and Euro 2000 brands, for which she designed multifunctional furniture for urban living, for both wholesale and retail markets. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) Management consulting [ edit ] With two of her business partners, Thomas Parkinson and Dov Kahana, Tara Pearl subsequently established a consulting firm, The Pearl Group Inc. [13] (#cite_note-13) It specialized in nurturing small companies with large growth potential by offering strategic management and financing assistance. The Pearl Group exists today and has worked with firms in medical devices, information technology, advanced 3-D medical imaging, heavy industry, shipping, retail, clothing, fine arts authentication and valuation, and the food and beverage industry [ citation needed ] . Clients included: K-Mart, Art Guard, Hart Schaffner & Marx, Corrugated Pallet Corp., North American Mortar and Holographic Industries [ citation needed ] . Pearl was a featured speaker at the Northwestern University's Kellogg School of Management (/wiki/Kellogg_School_of_Management) on entrepreneurship and related topics and a served as referee for graduate student presentations at the Keller Graduate School of Management [ citation needed ] . Real estate career [ edit ] Pearl became licensed as a Realtor in Illinois in the early 1990s and later as a Broker in Florida. [14] (#cite_note-14) The Palm Beach Daily News credited her with achieving the highest price per square foot for a Palm Beach condominium (/wiki/Condominium) in 2007. [15] (#cite_note-15) She was the recipient of 1995 and 1996 "Outstanding Sales Awards" by the Chicago Association of Realtors [ citation needed ] , as well as achievement awards from Koenig & Strey Institute and the Kahn Realty Companies, in recognition of her accomplishments in real estate marketing [ citation needed ] . Pearl is also Managing Partner of Three Pearls Ltd., [16] (#cite_note-16) a real estate holding company with properties in Palm Beach and surrounding locales. She also developed several themed restaurants (/w/index.php?title=Themed_restaurants&action=edit&redlink=1) which have been widely emulated [ by whom? ] , including R-Kitchen in Lake Worth, Florida (/wiki/Lake_Worth,_Florida) . [17] (#cite_note-17) [ failed verification ] She is a member of the International Real Estate Federation ( FIABCI (/w/index.php?title=FIABCI&action=edit&redlink=1) ) [ citation needed ] , as well as national and local industry groups [ which? ] . Humanitarian work [ edit ] In 2005 Hurricane Katrina (/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina) caused widespread loss of lives and property in Florida and New Orleans. Pearl assembled an aid organization called Hurricane Relief Now, which was recognized by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (/wiki/Federal_Emergency_Management_Agency) (FEMA) and given clearance to land at the closest rural airports to areas of need. [18] (#cite_note-18) She mobilized her Palm Beach friends, associates and local businesses to donate time, money, goods and private planes to organize the aid and ship supplies, dispatching 17 private aircraft and 4 tractor trailers loaded with more than 100,000 pounds of goods within the first two weeks of the disaster. [19] (#cite_note-19) Media work [ edit ] Pearl is a frequent contributor to national and international media. [20] (#cite_note-20) ABC (/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company) , [21] (#cite_note-21) BBC (/wiki/BBC) , CBS (/wiki/CBS) , [22] (#cite_note-22) Frankfurter Allgemein , [23] (#cite_note-23) RTL (/wiki/RTL_Television) , The Boston Globe (/wiki/The_Boston_Globe) [24] (#cite_note-24) She was featured in the NBC/CNBC special report: Scam of the Century: Bernie Madoff's Crime and Punishment . [25] (#cite_note-25) Pearl was host of a weekly feature with Roxanne Stein and John Favole on NBC station WPTV (/wiki/WPTV) , West Palm Beach, titled "Expert Tours Top Mansions." She was also quoted in other newspapers [26] (#cite_note-26) and a 2009 book about the Madoff scandal [27] (#cite_note-27) References [ edit ] ^ a b Cohen, Edie (June 2, 1986). "Finding The American Dream On A Japanese Bed" (https://web.archive.org/web/20171023063743/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1986-06-02/business/8602080952_1_futon-fibers-furniture-show) . Chicago Tribune (/wiki/Chicago_Tribune) . Archived from the original (http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1986-06-02/business/8602080952_1_futon-fibers-furniture-show) on 2017-10-23 . Retrieved 2017-10-23 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) " Matriarchal Family Builds Success ," by Marian King, Palm Beach Daily News (/wiki/Palm_Beach_Daily_News) , October 3, 1989, Business Section, pg. 1 & 6. ^ (#cite_ref-3) " Tara Pearl and Vince Probst, " photograph, The Palm Beacher , September 20, 1980 ^ (#cite_ref-4) " 86 People to Watch in 1986 ," by Margaret Carroll, Edie Cohen and Sharon Stangenes, Chicago Tribune , January 2, 1986, Style, Pg. 7. ^ (#cite_ref-5) " Fun Furniture: The Flexible Futon ," Real Estate Profile , February 5, 1988, pg. 31. ^ (#cite_ref-6) " Turnabout is Fair Play, " by Jaime Gilson, Chicago Magazine , October 1986 ^ (#cite_ref-7) Statistics: Concepts and Applications, by Amir D. Aczel, 1995 Irwin, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 025611935X (/wiki/Special:BookSources/025611935X) , 9780256119350, pg. 270 https://books.google.com/books?id=3OrXAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Tara+Pearl%22 (https://books.google.com/books?id=3OrXAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Tara+Pearl%22) ^ (#cite_ref-8) " Sweet Dreams " (Cover Story) by Frances Huffman and Barbara Revsine, Entrepreneurial Woman , March 1991, pg. 52 - 55. ^ (#cite_ref-9) " Furniture that Unfolds with Flair " by Abigail Foerstner, Chicago Tribune , March 1, 1987, pg. 4 ^ (#cite_ref-10) " Eurostyle--the idea may be Continental but the execution's purely American " (Cover Story, Home Section), Chicago Tribune , August 2, 1987, pg. 1 ^ (#cite_ref-11) " Jazz ", Interiors Magazine , May 1988, pg. 268 ^ (#cite_ref-12) " Style Preview ", Metropolitan Home Magazine , November 1988, pg. 41 ^ (#cite_ref-13) http://www.manta.com/g/mtwd79d/tara-pearl (http://www.manta.com/g/mtwd79d/tara-pearl) [ dead link ] ^ (#cite_ref-14) http://www.realtor.com/realestateagents/Tara-Pearl_Palm-Beach_FL_726021_772999627?source=web (http://www.realtor.com/realestateagents/Tara-Pearl_Palm-Beach_FL_726021_772999627?source=web) ^ (#cite_ref-15) " Biltmore Penthouse Sale a Palm Beach Condo Record ," by Stephanie Murphy, Palm Beach Daily News (/wiki/Palm_Beach_Daily_News) ; May 15, 2007. ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Three Pearls, LTD. - Florida Company Profile (People Search and Company Search)" (http://www.florida-annual-report.com/THREE-PEARLS-LTD.html) . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "" R-Kitchen "" https://thecoastalstar.com/profiles/blogs/along-the-avenues-tastemasters (https://thecoastalstar.com/profiles/blogs/along-the-avenues-tastemasters) ^ (#cite_ref-18) " Florida CAP Works With Community In Operation Hurricane Relief Now " http://www.aero-news.net/AnnTicker.cfm?do=main.textpost&id=66888707-2e10-4cb0-9496-b605796df30e (http://www.aero-news.net/AnnTicker.cfm?do=main.textpost&id=66888707-2e10-4cb0-9496-b605796df30e) ^ (#cite_ref-19) " Supplies Fly Out of Lantana Airport ," by Pat Beall, The Palm Beach Post , September 11, 2005 pg. 4C. ^ (#cite_ref-20) Tales from the country club by Ed Pilkington, The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) , December 19, 2008, http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2008/dec/20/bernard-madoff-fraud?INTCMP=SRCH (http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2008/dec/20/bernard-madoff-fraud?INTCMP=SRCH) ^ (#cite_ref-21) Money Works, interviewed by Andrew Leckey, WLS-TV (/wiki/WLS-TV) Channel 7 Chicago, original air date April 27, 1986 ^ (#cite_ref-22) Two on 2: Interview with the Inventor of Futons, interviewed by Sally Cusick, WBBM-TV (/wiki/WBBM-TV) Channel 2 Chicago, original air date April 20, 1988 ^ (#cite_ref-23) " Der große Schwindel des Bernie Madoff ", by Norbert Kulls, Frankfurter Allgemeine (/wiki/Frankfurter_Allgemeine) , June 28, 2009 ^ (#cite_ref-24) Bernie Madoff's man to see Debonair middleman Robert M. Jaffe finds himself in a most uncomfortable place by Jenn Abelson, Beth Healy, Casey Ross; Boston Globe (/wiki/Boston_Globe) ; December 21, 2008; pg. A.1; ^ (#cite_ref-25) Scam of the Century: Bernie Madoff's Crime and Punishment https://www.cnbc.com/id/28256310/ (https://www.cnbc.com/id/28256310/) ^ (#cite_ref-26) Will PB suffer a Madoff sell-off? , by Megan V. Winslow, Palm Beach Daily News , December 17, 2008; pg. 1 ^ (#cite_ref-27) Catastrophe: The Story of Bernard L. Madoff, the Man Who Swindled the World , By Deborah Hart Strober and Gerald Strober, (C) 2009 Deborah Hart Strober & Gerald Strober and Phoenix Books, Inc., ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-59777-640-0 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59777-640-0) , pg. 20-22, 27, 32, 63, 77, 79, 82-83, 95, 114, 294 NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐557d6f8488‐25jhp Cached time: 20240715060347 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.327 seconds Real time usage: 0.426 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2955/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 76557/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 19716/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 10/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 31051/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.179/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4202363/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 358.983 1 -total 45.48% 163.254 4 Template:Ambox 39.88% 143.160 1 Template:Reflist 32.81% 117.795 1 Template:Multiple_issues 24.13% 86.611 1 Template:Cite_news 19.14% 68.703 10 Template:Fix 17.06% 61.225 1 Template:BLP_sources 15.55% 55.811 6 Template:Citation_needed 7.38% 26.502 9 Template:Delink 6.63% 23.791 17 Template:Category_handler Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:37398421-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715060347 and revision id 1229829478. Rendering was triggered because: unknown esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tara_Eden_Pearl&oldid=1229829478 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tara_Eden_Pearl&oldid=1229829478) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1961 births (/wiki/Category:1961_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) 21st-century American businesspeople (/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_businesspeople) Businesspeople from Florida (/wiki/Category:Businesspeople_from_Florida) Hidden categories: All articles with dead external links (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links) Articles with dead external links from May 2013 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_May_2013) BLP articles lacking sources from May 2013 (/wiki/Category:BLP_articles_lacking_sources_from_May_2013) All BLP articles lacking sources (/wiki/Category:All_BLP_articles_lacking_sources) Articles needing cleanup from August 2022 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_cleanup_from_August_2022) Articles with bare URLs for citations from August 2022 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_bare_URLs_for_citations_from_August_2022) All articles with bare URLs for citations (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_bare_URLs_for_citations) Articles covered by WikiProject Wikify from August 2022 (/wiki/Category:Articles_covered_by_WikiProject_Wikify_from_August_2022) All articles covered by WikiProject Wikify (/wiki/Category:All_articles_covered_by_WikiProject_Wikify) Articles needing more viewpoints from March 2024 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_more_viewpoints_from_March_2024) Articles with multiple maintenance issues (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_multiple_maintenance_issues) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from May 2013 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_May_2013) Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from May 2013 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_specifically_marked_weasel-worded_phrases_from_May_2013) All articles with failed verification (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_failed_verification) Articles with failed verification from May 2013 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_failed_verification_from_May_2013) All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_specifically_marked_weasel-worded_phrases)
First is a perfume (/wiki/Perfume) launched in 1976 by Van Cleef & Arpels (/wiki/Van_Cleef_%26_Arpels) with notes of hyacinth, rose, jasmine, amber and sandalwood. [1] (#cite_note-Are_Fit-1) Jean-Claude Ellena (/wiki/Jean-Claude_Ellena) is the perfumer (/wiki/Perfumer) , and Jacques Llorente designed the perfume bottle. [2] (#cite_note-2) It was Princess Diana (/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales) ’s favourite perfume, and her son Harry (/wiki/Prince_Harry) brought the scent to his therapy (/wiki/Psychotherapy) sessions following her tragic death (/wiki/Death_of_Diana,_Princess_of_Wales) . [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [1] (#cite_note-Are_Fit-1) [5] (#cite_note-perfume_helped-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) (Princess Diana also wore Penhaligon's (/wiki/Penhaligon%27s) Bluebell, Hermès (/wiki/Herm%C3%A8s) 24 Faubourg, and Houbigant Parfum (/wiki/Houbigant_Parfum) Quelques Fleurs.) [5] (#cite_note-perfume_helped-5) References [ edit ] ^ a b ADAMIYATT, ROXANNE (January 11, 2023). "8 Royal-Worn Perfumes and Colognes That Are Fit for Everyone" (https://www.townandcountrymag.com/style/beauty-products/a26910818/royal-perfumes/) . Town & Country . Retrieved April 15, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) First Van Cleef & Arpels (https://www.fragrantica.com/perfume/Van-Cleef-Arpels/First-776.html) Fragrantica ^ (#cite_ref-3) March, Bridget (January 12, 2023). "Prince Harry reveals Princess Diana's favourite perfume – and how it helped him process her death" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/beauty/fragrance/a42470884/princess-diana-favourite-perfumes/) . Harper's Bazaar . Retrieved April 15, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) LaBianca, Juliana (July 19, 2021). "The Perfume Princess Diana Never Left Home Without" (https://www.rd.com/article/princess-diana-perfume/) . Reader's Digest . Retrieved April 15, 2023 . ^ a b "Princess Diana's perfume helped Harry in therapy to cope with her mother's untimely death" (https://www.marca.com/en/lifestyle/uk-news/2023/01/12/63bf81f722601dd2408b456e.html) . Marca. January 10, 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-6) BOUZON, CHARLINE (February 7, 2023). "These are the British Royal Family's favourite perfumes" (https://www.en-vols.com/en/styles-en/beauty/favorite-perfumes-royal-family/) . En-Vols . Retrieved April 15, 2023 . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://www.vancleefarpels.com/us/en/fragrances.html) v t e Brands owned by Compagnie Financière Richemont S.A. Full ownership A. Lange & Söhne (/wiki/A._Lange_%26_S%C3%B6hne) Azzedine Alaïa (/wiki/Azzedine_Ala%C3%AFa) Baume & Mercier (/wiki/Baume_%26_Mercier) Cartier (/wiki/Cartier_(jeweler)) Chloé (/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9) Dunhill (/wiki/Alfred_Dunhill_Ltd.) Giampiero Bodino (/w/index.php?title=Giampiero_Bodino&action=edit&redlink=1) IWC Schaffhausen (/wiki/IWC_Schaffhausen) Jaeger-LeCoultre (/wiki/Jaeger-LeCoultre) Lancel (/wiki/Lancel_(company)) Manufacture Roger Dubuis (/wiki/Roger_Dubuis) Montblanc (/wiki/Montblanc_(company)) Officine Panerai (/wiki/Panerai) Piaget (/wiki/Piaget_SA) Purdey (/wiki/James_Purdey_%26_Sons) Vacheron Constantin (/wiki/Vacheron_Constantin) Van Cleef & Arpels (/wiki/Van_Cleef_%26_Arpels) Joint ventures Ralph Lauren Watch & Jewelry Company SARL (50%) Other investments YOOX Net-a-Porter Group (/wiki/YOOX_Net-a-Porter_Group) v t e Perfumes (/wiki/Perfume) Overview History (/wiki/History_of_perfume) List of perfumes (/wiki/List_of_perfumes) Types Solid perfume (/wiki/Solid_perfume) Eau de Cologne (/wiki/Eau_de_Cologne) Eau de toilette (/wiki/Eau_de_toilette) Essential oils (/wiki/List_of_essential_oils) Pomander (/wiki/Pomander) Chypre (/wiki/Chypre) Fougère (/wiki/Foug%C3%A8re) Ingredients (/wiki/Category:Perfume_ingredients) Plant sources (/wiki/Perfume#Plant_sources) including Herbal distillates (/wiki/Herbal_distillate) Animal sources (/wiki/Perfume#Animal_sources) Synthetic (/wiki/Aroma_compound) Science Aromachology (/wiki/Aromachology) Fragrance wheel (/wiki/Fragrance_wheel) Fragrance extraction (/wiki/Fragrance_extraction) Note (/wiki/Note_(perfumery)) Scentography (/wiki/Scentography) Professions Perfumer (/wiki/Perfumer) Organizations Fragrance Museum (/wiki/Fragrance_Museum) Fragrances of the World (/wiki/Fragrances_of_the_World) International Fragrance Association (/wiki/International_Fragrance_Association) Musée du Parfum (/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Parfum) Osmothèque (/wiki/Osmoth%C3%A8que) Research Institute of Fragrance Materials (/wiki/Research_Institute_of_Fragrance_Materials) Théâtre-Musée des Capucines (/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre-Mus%C3%A9e_des_Capucines) The Fragrance Foundation (/wiki/The_Fragrance_Foundation) ISIPCA (/wiki/ISIPCA) Basenotes (/wiki/Basenotes) People Ernest Beaux (/wiki/Ernest_Beaux) Coco Chanel (/wiki/Coco_Chanel) François Coty (/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Coty) Ernest Daltroff (/wiki/Ernest_Daltroff) Michael Edwards (/wiki/Michael_Edwards_(fragrance_expert)) Johann Maria Farina (/wiki/Johann_Maria_Farina) Jacques Guerlain (/wiki/Jacques_Guerlain) Adolph Goetting (/wiki/Adolph_Goetting) David H. McConnell (/wiki/David_H._McConnell) Luca Turin (/wiki/Luca_Turin) Edmond Roudnitska (/wiki/Edmond_Roudnitska) Companies Avon Products (/wiki/Avon_Products) Caron (/wiki/Parfums_Caron) Firmenich (/wiki/Firmenich) Frutarom (/wiki/Frutarom) Givaudan (/wiki/Givaudan) International Flavors & Fragrances (/wiki/International_Flavors_%26_Fragrances) Mane SA (/wiki/Mane_SA) Robertet (/wiki/Robertet) Sensient Flavors & Fragrances Group (/wiki/Sensient_Technologies) Symrise (/wiki/Symrise) T. Hasegawa (/wiki/T._Hasegawa) Takasago (/wiki/Takasago_International_Corporation) Category (/wiki/Category:Perfumery) Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Perfumes) Wiktionary (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Perfume) This France (/wiki/France) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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MANGO Fashion Awards is a fashion event organized since 2007 by the Catalan (/wiki/Catalonia) Spanish (/wiki/Spain) transnational Mango (/wiki/Mango_(clothing)) , where prizes "El Botón" and "El Botón de Oro" are awarded. "El Botón" is given to young fashion talents with the aim of promoting young talent work. The winner gets a prize of 300,000 euros, the largest of its kind, and to put on sale in Mango store. [1] (#cite_note-vogue-1) [2] (#cite_note-MC-2) Awards [ edit ] "El Botón" Sandrina Fasoli i Michaël Marson (2007) [2] (#cite_note-MC-2) Jin Youn Lee (2008) [1] (#cite_note-vogue-1) (2009) "El Botón de Oro" Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_Garavani) (2007) Oscar de la Renta (/wiki/Oscar_de_la_Renta) (2008) Jean-Paul Gaultier (/wiki/Jean-Paul_Gaultier) (2009) See also [ edit ] List of fashion awards (/wiki/List_of_fashion_awards) References [ edit ] ^ a b "Just a few days left before the February 28th contest deadline of "El Botón" - MANGO Fashion Awards, which is dedicated to young designers and comes around every 18 month" (http://www.vogue.it/en/talents/contests-and-more/2010/02/el-bot%C3%B3n---mango-fashion-awards-) . Vogue. 23 February 2010. [ permanent dead link ] ^ a b "Nueva edición de los Botón-Mango Fashion Awards" (https://www.marie-claire.es/nueva-edicion-de-los-boton-mango-fashion-awards) (in Spanish). Marie Claire. 21 May 2008. This fashion (/wiki/Fashion) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MANGO_Fashion_Awards&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐v47n2 Cached time: 20240713015243 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.201 seconds Real time usage: 0.263 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 370/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 8847/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 937/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 12751/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.136/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3009549/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 242.558 1 -total 68.20% 165.415 1 Template:Reflist 40.38% 97.954 2 Template:Cite_web 31.78% 77.086 1 Template:Fashion-stub 30.50% 73.978 1 Template:Asbox 19.53% 47.375 1 Template:Dead_link 17.58% 42.652 1 Template:Fix 15.21% 36.881 2 Template:Category_handler 2.03% 4.918 1 Template:Fix/category 0.86% 2.077 3 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:29320284-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713015243 and revision id 939117516. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MANGO_Fashion_Awards&oldid=939117516 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MANGO_Fashion_Awards&oldid=939117516) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Catalan awards (/wiki/Category:Catalan_awards) Fashion awards (/wiki/Category:Fashion_awards) Fashion stubs (/wiki/Category:Fashion_stubs) Hidden categories: All articles with dead external links (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links) Articles with dead external links from January 2018 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_January_2018) Articles with permanently dead external links (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links) CS1 Spanish-language sources (es) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
Occupation "Nail tech" redirects here. For the Jack Harlow song, see Nail Tech (/wiki/Nail_Tech) . Nail stylists in 2020 A nail technician or nail stylist is a person whose occupation is to style and shape a person's nails. This is achieved using a combination of decorating nails with coloured varnish (/wiki/Varnish) , transfers, gems or glitter. [1] (#cite_note-1) Basic treatments include manicures (/wiki/Manicures) and pedicures (/wiki/Pedicures) , as well as cleaning and filing nails and applying overlays or extensions. Using a stencil or stamping, nail stylists can also paint designs onto nails with an airbrush (/wiki/Airbrush) , by hand. A nail stylist will often complete a consultation with the client to check for any signs of skin problems, deformities or nail disease (/wiki/Nail_disease) before treatment, advise clients about looking after their hands and nails, and recommend nail care products. [2] (#cite_note-2) Training to become a nail stylist involves completing a professional course that normally takes at least a year. [3] (#cite_note-3) Courses will more than likely cover anatomy and physiology of the nails, hands, arms, feet and legs, contraindications that may arise, identifying diseases and disorders, proper sanitation and sterilizing techniques, how to perform nail services safely, gel polish application, liquid and powder enhancements and hard gel enhancements. The work itself tends to take place in a beauty salon (/wiki/Beauty_salon) although some nail stylists will make house calls to clients. [4] (#cite_note-4) Once licensed, many nail stylists will keep their own regular client list. [5] (#cite_note-5) The basic equipment needed to carry out Nail services can be easily obtained. Types of basic equipment can include nail drills, brushes, gel polish, and a UV lamp. Specialist equipment will be needed for specific nail applications. [6] (#cite_note-6) Notable nail technicians [ edit ] Park Eun-kyung (/wiki/Park_Eun-kyung_(nail_artist)) Deborah Lippmann (/wiki/Deborah_Lippmann) Saccia Livingston (/w/index.php?title=Saccia_Livingston&action=edit&redlink=1) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Nail Stylist \| Job Guide" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151205162730/http://www.jobguide.thegoodguides.com.au/occupation/Nail-Stylist) . Archived from the original (http://jobguide.thegoodguides.com.au/occupation/Nail-Stylist) on 5 December 2015 . Retrieved 24 February 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Nail Stylist Job Duties and Employment Options" (http://study.com/nail_stylist.html) . Study.com . Retrieved 22 February 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Nail Stylist Job Information \| National Careers Service" (https://nationalcareersservice.direct.gov.uk/advice/planning/jobprofiles/Pages/nailstylist.aspx) . Nationalcareersservice.direct.gov.uk . Retrieved 22 February 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Mobile Nail Stylist 2016" (https://www.how2become.com/careers/mobile-nail-stylist/) . How2Become.com . Retrieved 22 February 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Cosmetology License \| How to Become a Licensed Cosmetologist" (http://www.cosmetology-license.com) . www.cosmetology-license.com . Retrieved 17 March 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "How to Become a Nail Stylist" (https://www.norfolkbeautyschool.uk/how-to-become-a-nail-stylist/) . www.norfolkbeautyschool.uk . Retrieved 11 August 2019 . 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Add tags to your draft Editor resources Find sources: Google (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Maria+Butt%22) ( books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Maria+Butt%22+-wikipedia) · news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Maria+Butt%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Maria+Butt%22) · free images (https://www.google.com/search?safe=off&tbs=sur:fmc&tbm=isch&q=%22Maria+Butt%22+-site:wikipedia.org+-site:wikimedia.org) · WP refs (https://www.google.com/custom?hl=en&cx=007734830908295939403%3Agalkqgoksq0&cof=FORID%3A13%3BAH%3Aleft%3BCX%3AWikipedia%2520Reference%2520Search&q=%22Maria+Butt%22) ) · FENS (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Maria+Butt%22&acc=on&wc=on) · TWL (https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/search/?q=%22Maria+Butt%22) Easy tools : Citation bot (https://citations.toolforge.org/process_page.php?edit=automated_tools&slow=1&page=Draft:Maria_Butt) ( help (/wiki/User:Citation_bot/use) ) \| Advanced: Fix bare URLs (https://tools.wmflabs.org/refill/result.php?page=Draft:Maria_Butt&defaults=y) Last edited (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Maria_Butt&diff=cur) by Citation bot (/wiki/User:Citation_bot) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Citation_bot) \| contribs (/wiki/Special:Contributions/Citation_bot) ) 60 days ago. 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( May 2024 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Maria Butt Born Maria Butt Nationality Pakistani Other names Maria B Alma mater Pakistan Institute of Fashion Design (PIFD) Occupation Fashion Designer (/wiki/Fashion_Designer) Years active 1999-present Known for Founder and CEO of Maria B (/wiki/Maria_B) label Spouse Tahir Saeed [1] (#cite_note-1) Website Official website (https://www.mariab.pk/) Maria Butt , commonly known as Maria B , is a Pakistani fashion designer and the founder and CEO of the Maria B (/wiki/Maria_B) label. [2] (#cite_note-auto-2) She has been in the Pakistani fashion industry for two decades. [3] (#cite_note-auto1-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Early life and career [ edit ] In 1998, Maria B. graduated from the Pakistan Institute of Fashion Design (PIFD), Lahore. The following year, in 1999, she started her career with a retail outlet and a small sewing unit. [3] (#cite_note-auto1-3) Despite encountering various challenges, notably financial struggles following her divorce, she successfully cultivated a thriving brand. [2] (#cite_note-auto-2) Controversies [ edit ] Maria B is often in the news for her more controversial ideas than her designs. [6] (#cite_note-6) She has faced criticism for her views on transgender rights [7] (#cite_note-7) and her comments against what she calls 'desi liberals'. He also faced backlash for having an unauthorised photo shoot at a private family cemetery. [8] (#cite_note-8) Advocacy and views [ edit ] She has criticized the influence of the West on Pakistani society. He has also spoken out against the perceived intrusion of 'gender agendas' into Pakistani society. [9] (#cite_note-9) Butt has also been involved in humanitarian efforts, most notably the recent Save Gaza Campaign (/w/index.php?title=Save_Gaza_Campaign&action=edit&redlink=1) as she as Patron for it. [10] (#cite_note-10) The campaign was launched worldwide in response to the suffering of the Palestinian people in the Gaza Strip, who were facing an unrelenting war. [11] (#cite_note-11) The purpose of the campaign was to organize advocacy, relief and rescue efforts using all available peaceful and legal means. [12] (#cite_note-12) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Maria. B, husband defend their 'ordeal' but social media isn't buying it" (https://tribune.com.pk/story/2183758/maria-b-husband-defend-their-ordeal-but-social-media-isnt-buying-it) . The Express Tribune (/wiki/The_Express_Tribune) . 25 March 2020 . Retrieved 7 May 2024 . ^ a b "Butt opens ups on financial struggles post divorce" (https://tribune.com.pk/story/2421226/1) . The Express Tribune (/wiki/The_Express_Tribune) . 11 June 2023 . Retrieved 7 May 2024 . ^ a b Saleem, Shahjehan (7 May 2020). "Maria B – The Story of Textile's Reigning Queen" (https://www.divaonline.com.pk/maria-b-the-story-of-textiles-reigning-queen/) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Public dazzled witnessing influential Pakistani designer Maria Butt's candid daily routine" (https://www.24newshd.tv/19-Jul-2023/public-dazzled-witnessing-influential-pakistani-designer-maria-butt%E2%80%99s-candid-daily-routine) . www.24newshd.tv . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Husain, Mehr (25 August 2023). "The M In 'Mothers Of Pakistan' Stands For Maria B And Nothing Else" (https://thefridaytimes.com/25-Aug-2023/the-m-in-mothers-of-pakistan-stands-for-maria-b-and-nothing-else) . The Friday Times (/wiki/The_Friday_Times) . Retrieved 7 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Maria B and what continues to be wrong with our society" (https://thecurrent.pk/maria-b-and-what-continues-to-be-wrong-with-our-society/) . March 12, 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Maria B on trans activists calling out Sharia Court ruling" (https://tribune.com.pk/story/2417985/shows-how-un-islamic-they-are-maria-b-on-trans-activists-calling-out-sharia-court-ruling) . The Express Tribune (/wiki/The_Express_Tribune) . 22 May 2023 . Retrieved 8 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Nasir, Zainab (12 March 2023). "Maria B. mocks desi liberals for unruly attacking her" (https://jang.com.pk/en/8749-maria-b-mocks-desi-liberals-for-news) . Daily Jang (/wiki/Daily_Jang) . Retrieved 8 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Maria B. slams West for peddling 'gender agendas' in Pakistani society but netizens disagree" (https://pakobserver.net/maria-b-slams-west-for-peddling-gender-agendas-in-pakistani-society-but-netizens-disagree/) . Pakistan Observer . 1 March 2023 . Retrieved 8 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Maria B. And Humaira Tayaba On The Save Gaza Campaign, Transgender Bill And BDS \| Eon Podcast #92" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fEJLgiGdMzE) . 16 February 2024 – via www.youtube.com. ^ (#cite_ref-11) "International Campaign to Save Gaza - challenges and progress" (https://freedomflotilla.org/2024/02/09/save-gaza-progress/) . February 9, 2024. ^ (#cite_ref-12) "ABOUT US – SaveGazza" (https://savegazza.com/en/about-us/) . This page will be placed in the following categories if it is moved to the article namespace (/wiki/Wikipedia:NS0) . Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Pakistani fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Pakistani_fashion_designers) Women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Women_fashion_designers) Businesspeople from Karachi (/wiki/Category:Businesspeople_from_Karachi) Pakistani women in business (/wiki/Category:Pakistani_women_in_business) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐6dd4d87458‐g6jmv Cached time: 20240718155837 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, vary‐user, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.464 seconds Real time usage: 0.605 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3045/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 121115/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 15035/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 22/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 56760/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.257/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6941574/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 552.264 1 -total 38.87% 214.678 1 Template:AfC_submission 37.23% 205.622 1 Template:AfC_submission/draft 33.16% 183.124 1 Template:Ombox 28.39% 156.812 1 Template:Reflist 20.77% 114.709 1 Template:AfC_submission/helptools 20.20% 111.578 4 Template:Hidden 19.73% 108.943 6 Template:Cite_news 16.74% 92.473 1 Template:Infobox_person 16.62% 91.801 3 Template:Ambox Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:76824601-0!canonical and timestamp 20240718155837 and revision id 1224605710. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Maria_Butt&oldid=1224605710 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Maria_Butt&oldid=1224605710) " Category (/wiki/Help:Category) : Draft AfC submissions (/wiki/Category:Draft_AfC_submissions) Hidden categories: Content moved from mainspace to draftspace from May 2024 (/wiki/Category:Content_moved_from_mainspace_to_draftspace_from_May_2024) All content moved from mainspace to draftspace (/wiki/Category:All_content_moved_from_mainspace_to_draftspace)
This template does not require a rating on Wikipedia's content assessment (/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_assessment) scale. It is of interest to the following WikiProjects (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject) : Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) This template is within the scope of WikiProject Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Fashion) and see a list of open tasks. Fashion Wikipedia:WikiProject Fashion Template:WikiProject Fashion fashion articles __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-67.79.10.114-2009-11-04T23:31:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Cowboy_Boots-2009-11-04T23:31:00.000Z","replies":["c-67.79.10.114-2009-11-04T23:31:00.000Z-Cowboy_Boots"],"text":"Cowboy Boots","linkableTitle":"Cowboy Boots"} Cowboy Boots [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-67.79.10.114-2009-11-04T23:31:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Cowboy_Boots-2009-11-04T23:31:00.000Z","replies":["c-67.79.10.114-2009-11-04T23:31:00.000Z-Cowboy_Boots"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-67.79.10.114-2009-11-04T23:31:00.000Z-Cowboy_Boots","timestamp":"2009-11-04T23:31:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__1__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__1__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-67.79.10.114-2009-11-04T23:31:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Cowboy_Boots-2009-11-04T23:31:00.000Z","replies":["c-67.79.10.114-2009-11-04T23:31:00.000Z-Cowboy_Boots"],"text":"Cowboy Boots","linkableTitle":"Cowboy Boots"} Cowboy boots are listed under work boot/shoes and while they started there, there are dress & fashion cowboy boots. I am not sure they belong in the work boot catergory. —Preceding unsigned (/wiki/Wikipedia:Signatures) comment added by 67.79.10.114 (/wiki/Special:Contributions/67.79.10.114) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:67.79.10.114) ) 23:31, 4 November 2009 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Footwear#c-67.79.10.114-2009-11-04T23:31:00.000Z-Cowboy_Boots) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2009-11-04T23:31:00.000Z","author":"67.79.10.114","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-67.79.10.114-2009-11-04T23:31:00.000Z-Cowboy_Boots","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Martin_of_Sheffield-2012-01-03T11:07:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Plimsolls,_Daps,_Pumps-2012-01-03T11:07:00.000Z","replies":["c-Martin_of_Sheffield-2012-01-03T11:07:00.000Z-Plimsolls,_Daps,_Pumps"],"text":"Plimsolls, Daps, Pumps","linkableTitle":"Plimsolls, Daps, Pumps"} Plimsolls, Daps, Pumps [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Martin_of_Sheffield-2012-01-03T11:07:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Plimsolls,_Daps,_Pumps-2012-01-03T11:07:00.000Z","replies":["c-Martin_of_Sheffield-2012-01-03T11:07:00.000Z-Plimsolls,_Daps,_Pumps"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Martin_of_Sheffield-2012-01-03T11:07:00.000Z-Plimsolls,_Daps,_Pumps","timestamp":"2012-01-03T11:07:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__1__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__1__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Martin_of_Sheffield-2012-01-03T11:07:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Plimsolls,_Daps,_Pumps-2012-01-03T11:07:00.000Z","replies":["c-Martin_of_Sheffield-2012-01-03T11:07:00.000Z-Plimsolls,_Daps,_Pumps"],"text":"Plimsolls, Daps, Pumps","linkableTitle":"Plimsolls, Daps, Pumps"} The article Plimsoll shoe (/wiki/Plimsoll_shoe) needs to be added to the template, but there is a lot of parochial ire over the meaning of "pump". Perhaps someone with interest in this area could sort things out? Martin of Sheffield (/wiki/User:Martin_of_Sheffield) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Martin_of_Sheffield) ) 11:07, 3 January 2012 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Footwear#c-Martin_of_Sheffield-2012-01-03T11:07:00.000Z-Plimsolls,_Daps,_Pumps) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2012-01-03T11:07:00.000Z","author":"Martin of Sheffield","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Martin_of_Sheffield-2012-01-03T11:07:00.000Z-Plimsolls,_Daps,_Pumps","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Milowent-2012-03-22T20:46:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Peep-toe_shoe-2012-03-22T20:46:00.000Z","replies":["c-Milowent-2012-03-22T20:46:00.000Z-Peep-toe_shoe"],"text":"Peep-toe shoe","linkableTitle":"Peep-toe shoe"} Peep-toe shoe (/wiki/Peep-toe_shoe) [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Milowent-2012-03-22T20:46:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Peep-toe_shoe-2012-03-22T20:46:00.000Z","replies":["c-Milowent-2012-03-22T20:46:00.000Z-Peep-toe_shoe"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Milowent-2012-03-22T20:46:00.000Z-Peep-toe_shoe","timestamp":"2012-03-22T20:46:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__1__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__1__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Milowent-2012-03-22T20:46:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Peep-toe_shoe-2012-03-22T20:46:00.000Z","replies":["c-Milowent-2012-03-22T20:46:00.000Z-Peep-toe_shoe"],"text":"Peep-toe shoe","linkableTitle":"Peep-toe shoe"} I just saved Peep-toe shoe (/wiki/Peep-toe_shoe) from a prod as it seemed notable; but don't know if its notable enough to belong in this template.-- Milowent (/wiki/User:Milowent) • has (/wiki/Special:Contributions/Milowent) spoken (/wiki/User_talk:Milowent) 20:46, 22 March 2012 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Footwear#c-Milowent-2012-03-22T20:46:00.000Z-Peep-toe_shoe) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2012-03-22T20:46:00.000Z","author":"Milowent","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Milowent-2012-03-22T20:46:00.000Z-Peep-toe_shoe","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Martin_of_Sheffield-2020-02-11T12:50:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Dress_shoes-2020-02-11T12:50:00.000Z","replies":["c-Martin_of_Sheffield-2020-02-11T12:50:00.000Z-Dress_shoes"],"text":"Dress shoes","linkableTitle":"Dress shoes"} Dress shoes [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Martin_of_Sheffield-2020-02-11T12:50:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Dress_shoes-2020-02-11T12:50:00.000Z","replies":["c-Martin_of_Sheffield-2020-02-11T12:50:00.000Z-Dress_shoes"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Martin_of_Sheffield-2020-02-11T12:50:00.000Z-Dress_shoes","timestamp":"2020-02-11T12:50:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__1__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__1__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Martin_of_Sheffield-2020-02-11T12:50:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Dress_shoes-2020-02-11T12:50:00.000Z","replies":["c-Martin_of_Sheffield-2020-02-11T12:50:00.000Z-Dress_shoes"],"text":"Dress shoes","linkableTitle":"Dress shoes"} You can't have men's shoes taken as the norm with lady's as a subset. Either use two top levels, or else make Men's a sublevel of the a general dress shoes topic. Martin of Sheffield (/wiki/User:Martin_of_Sheffield) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Martin_of_Sheffield) ) 12:50, 11 February 2020 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Footwear#c-Martin_of_Sheffield-2020-02-11T12:50:00.000Z-Dress_shoes) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2020-02-11T12:50:00.000Z","author":"Martin of Sheffield","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Martin_of_Sheffield-2020-02-11T12:50:00.000Z-Dress_shoes","replies":[]}} NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐526fc Cached time: 20240721150316 Cache expiry: 864000 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] DiscussionTools time usage: 0.008 seconds CPU time usage: 0.127 seconds Real time usage: 0.181 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 161/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 8555/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 7/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 7430/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.089/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1599458/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 142.808 1 Template:WikiProject_banner_shell 100.00% 142.808 1 -total 53.99% 77.105 1 Template:WikiProject_Fashion 1.59% 2.272 1 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:22357043-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721150316 and revision id 1231027345. 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South Korean footwear, apparel and esports company SBENU Founded June 30, 2014 ( 2014-06-30 ) Founder Hwang Hyo-Jin Defunct October 7, 2016 ( 2016-10-07 ) Headquarters Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) , South Korea (/wiki/South_Korea) Number of locations 100+ stores (2015) Products Athletic footwear (/wiki/Footwear) & apparel Website Official website (https://web.archive.org/web/20150616142413/http://sbenu.co.kr/) SBENU ( Korean (/wiki/Korean_language) : 스베누 ) was an athletic footwear (/wiki/Footwear) and apparel company based in Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) , South Korea (/wiki/South_Korea) . Founded on 30 June 2014, SBENU had opened more than 100 retail stores nationwide by 2015. SBENU also expanded its business by becoming a major sponsor of esports (/wiki/Esports) in South Korea; at its peak, SBENU was the main sponsor of the BroodWar Sonic league, the League of Legends Champions Korea (/wiki/League_of_Legends_Champions_Korea) league, the StarLeague (/wiki/StarCraft_II_StarLeague) and the Global StarCraft II League (/wiki/Global_StarCraft_II_League) . History [ edit ] Originally established under the name Shoe Farm in 2013, SBENU was founded by Hwang Hyo-Jin. SBENU took the letter "S" for shoes and combined it with the ancient Egyptian deity Bennu , which is thought to be the inspiration for the phoenix (/wiki/Phoenix_(mythology)) in Greek mythology. [1] (#cite_note-1) Focusing on building the SBENU brand globally, SBENU and football (/wiki/Association_football) team Manchester United (/wiki/Manchester_United_F.C.) agreed to terms of sponsorship in 2015, making SBENU the official footwear brand of the team. [2] (#cite_note-2) Prior to its dissolution, SBENU was sponsoring various celebrities and gaming events, spending about $8.26 million USD (/wiki/United_States_dollar) per year, all the while failing to pay in full to its manufacturers. [3] (#cite_note-3) In 2016, SBENU claimed that the agency "HIKE", which was run by two formerly bankrupt owners that promised to help connect manufacturers with companies, had embezzled about US$7.1 million, and that this had caused the failing of payment to the manufacturers, who should have received their money from HIKE. [4] (#cite_note-4) On 7 October 2016, SBENU announced that it would cease all sales and dissolved. [5] (#cite_note-5) CF models [ edit ] IU (/wiki/IU_(singer)) [6] (#cite_note-6) Song Jae-rim (/wiki/Song_Jae-rim) [7] (#cite_note-7) AOA (/wiki/AOA_(band)) [8] (#cite_note-8) Kisum (/wiki/Kisum) [9] (#cite_note-9) Esports [ edit ] This section needs to be updated . Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. ( January 2019 ) League of Legends [ edit ] In 2015, SBENU acquired the League of Legends (/wiki/League_of_Legends) roster of Prime Clan, renaming it SBENU Sonicboom before the start of SBENU Champions Summer 2015 (/wiki/League_of_Legends_Champions_Korea) . The team performed poorly in its first season, finishing in last place and being forced to play in the LCK Promotion Series against Ever to keep their spot in the Champions League. SBENU defeated Ever 3–1 and retained their spot for the next season. StarCraft II [ edit ] SBENU was the sponsor for the season 2 and season 3 tournaments of the StarCraft II StarLeague (/wiki/StarCraft_II_StarLeague) . References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "About SBENU" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151226185347/http://en.sbenu.co.kr/About/company) . Archived from the original (http://en.sbenu.co.kr/About/company) on 26 December 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Reds announce Sbenu link-up" (http://www.manutd.com/en/News-And-Features/Club-News/2015/Sep/manchester-united-agree-partnership-with-sbenu.aspx) . www.manutd.com . Retrieved 11 November 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "시사매거진이 파헤친 스베누 땡처리 사태의 진실은?" (http://www.huffingtonpost.kr/2016/01/11/story_n_8951646.html) . 허핑턴포스트 (in Korean) . Retrieved 12 January 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "스베누, "하이키 71억 이상 횡령" (http://www.ktnews.com/sub/view.php?cd_news=97920) " (http://www.ktnews.com/sub/view.php?cd_news=97920) . www.ktnews.com (in Korean) . Retrieved 12 February 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "20대 창업신화 '스베누', 신발 사업 접었다" (http://news.nate.com/view/20161007n19334) . news.nate.com (in Korean) . Retrieved 12 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "IU for SBENU's new E-Line Candy sneakers" (http://www.allkpop.com/article/2015/02/iu-and-song-jae-rim-are-the-sweetest-couple-for-sbenus-new-e-line-candy-sneakers) . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "IU and Song Jae Rim Are Sweet as Candy in Photo Shoot for Sbenu" (http://www.soompi.com/2015/02/26/iu-and-song-jae-rim-are-sweet-as-candy-in-photo-shoot-for-sbenu/) . Soompi (/wiki/Soompi) . Retrieved 11 November 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "AOA show off their fierce dance moces in SBENU's new footwear" (http://www.allkpop.com/article/2015/06/aoa-show-off-their-fierce-dance-moves-in-sbenus-new-footwear) . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Kisum and A - Sol unveil a MV for the brand SBENU" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151208161109/http://www.koreatide.com/kisum-and-a-sol-unveil-a-mv-for-the-brand-sbenu) . www.koreatide.com . Koreatide. Archived from the original (http://www.koreatide.com/kisum-and-a-sol-unveil-a-mv-for-the-brand-sbenu) on 8 December 2015 . Retrieved 11 November 2015 . 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Traditional dress worn by ethnic Sikkimese people Daughters of chogyal (/wiki/Chogyal) Tashi Namgyal (/wiki/Tashi_Namgyal) wearing kho (1938). Storyteller , painting by Gaganendranath Tagore (/wiki/Gaganendranath_Tagore) The Kho (ཁོ) is a traditional dress worn by Bhutia (/wiki/Bhutia) , ethnic Sikkimese people (/wiki/Sikkimese_people) of Sikkim (/wiki/Sikkim) and Nepal (/wiki/Nepal) . It is a loose, cloak-style garment that is fastened at the neck on one side and near the waist with a silk or cotton belt similar to the Tibetan (/wiki/Tibetan_people) chuba (/wiki/Chuba) and to the Ngalop (/wiki/Ngalop_people) gho (/wiki/Gho) of Bhutan (/wiki/Bhutan) , but sleeveless. Women wear a silken, full-sleeve blouse (/wiki/Blouse) called a honju (/wiki/Wonju_(Bhutan)) inside the kho; a loose gown type garment fastened near the waist, tightened with a belt. [1] (#cite_note-1) See also [ edit ] Gho (/wiki/Gho) Chuba (/wiki/Chuba) Kira (Bhutan) (/wiki/Kira_(Bhutan)) Khada (/wiki/Khada) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Bareh, Hamlet (2001). Encyclopaedia of North-East India: Sikkim . Mittal Publications. p. 5. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 81-7099-794-1 . External links [ edit ] Bijaya Bantawa, ed. (7 December 2010). "The Ethnic People of Sikkim: Their Lifestyles and Their Cultures" (http://www.snowlinenews.com/The%20People%20of%20Sikkim-.htm) . Snowline News online . Retrieved 12 October 2011 . "Bhutia Tribes" (http://www.indianmirror.com/tribes/bhutiatribes.html) . Indian Mirror online . 14 December 2010 . Retrieved 12 October 2011 . University of Hawaii Museum (/wiki/University_of_Hawaii_Museum) . Sikkim - Woman's Informal Ensemble (https://www.flickr.com/photos/uhmuseum/4132497148) . (dress worn by Hope Cooke (/wiki/Hope_Cooke) in the 1960s, on Flickr (/wiki/Flickr) ). NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6457fbf49b‐qhnvr Cached time: 20240707050611 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.148 seconds Real time usage: 0.205 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 427/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 6832/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 887/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 9606/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.087/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3663928/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 182.132 1 -total 52.47% 95.562 1 Template:Reflist 44.47% 80.996 1 Template:Cite_book 33.73% 61.442 1 Template:Short_description 20.48% 37.304 2 Template:Pagetype 8.20% 14.932 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates 7.50% 13.660 4 Template:Main_other 6.31% 11.488 1 Template:SDcat 5.48% 9.978 1 Template:DMCA 4.73% 8.609 2 Template:Cite_web Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:33399459-0!canonical and timestamp 20240707050611 and revision id 1218328189. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sikkim_Costumes_and_Traditional_Dress&oldid=1218328189 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sikkim_Costumes_and_Traditional_Dress&oldid=1218328189) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Culture of Nepal (/wiki/Category:Culture_of_Nepal) Culture of Sikkim (/wiki/Category:Culture_of_Sikkim) Tibetan clothing (/wiki/Category:Tibetan_clothing) Nepalese clothing (/wiki/Category:Nepalese_clothing) Sherpa culture (/wiki/Category:Sherpa_culture) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from August 2019 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_August_2019)
Red trousers worn by the French army French infantry uniform of 1914 A progression of French infantry uniforms from 1837 (left) to 1870 (right) The pantalon rouge (French for 'red trousers') were an integral part of the uniform of most regiments of the French army from 1829 to 1914. Some parts of the Kingdom of France (/wiki/Kingdom_of_France) 's army already wore red trousers or breeches but the French Revolution (/wiki/French_Revolution) saw the introduction of white trousers for infantrymen. Following the 1814 Bourbon Restoration (/wiki/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France) white breeches or blue trousers were worn but red trousers for infantry were adopted in 1829 to encourage the French rose madder (/wiki/Rose_madder) dye-growing industry. Madder red is a shade darker than the scarlet (/wiki/Scarlet_(color)) of British uniforms. By the early 20th century other European nations had adopted drab combat uniforms (/wiki/Combat_uniform) as a response to the changing nature of warfare. An early 1914 attempt by minister of war Adolphe Messimy (/wiki/Adolphe_Messimy) to modernise the French infantry uniform was rejected after opposition in the press that it was "contrary both to French taste and military function". The bright French uniform contributed to the high casualty rate in the first months of the First World War (/wiki/First_World_War) . In December 1914 the french adopted a less conspicuous horizon blue (/wiki/Horizon_blue) uniform based on Messimy's proposal. The change in uniform was due to a shortage of the German-produced artificial alizarin (/wiki/Alizarin) dye which had been used in place of the traditional madder dyes. Use [ edit ] During the early years of the 18th century red breeches were worn by 23 of the dragoon regiments of France's royal army, [1] (#cite_note-1) but after 1757 a yellowish shade of brown was substituted. [2] (#cite_note-2) Later Kingdom of France uniforms varied significantly between regiments but red breeches were limited to generals, members of the royal household, and the Maréchaussée (/wiki/Mar%C3%A9chauss%C3%A9e) (until 1763). Infantry regiments universally wore white breeches after the 1750s, replacing the mixture of regimental colours previously favoured by individual colonel-proprietors. After the revolution breeches (/wiki/Breeches) were replaced with trousers (/wiki/Trousers) in the army and during the French Revolutionary Wars (/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars) infantrymen wore these garments in white cloth if available. Infantry wore a number of colours of trouser during the Napoleonic Wars (/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars) but red was worn only by cavalrymen of the Imperial Guards of Honour (/wiki/Guards_of_Honour_(France)) , the lancers, three regiments of hussars and the 3rd Regiment of Scouts of the Imperial Guard (/wiki/Scouts_of_the_Imperial_Guard) . [3] (#cite_note-duprat-3) The Bourbon Restoration (/wiki/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France) of 1814 brought in departmental legions in white breeches. When line infantry regiments were restored in 1820 they were issued blue trousers. Red breeches or trousers featured more heavily in the cavalry, being worn by the guard hussars, dragoons, lancers, chasseurs à cheval (/wiki/Chasseurs_%C3%A0_cheval) and most regiments of hussars. [3] (#cite_note-duprat-3) The pantalon rouge were adopted by the French Army on 26 July 1829, to encourage the rose madder (/wiki/Rose_madder) dye-growing industry in France. [3] (#cite_note-duprat-3) [4] (#cite_note-ludovici-4) By the 20th century the synthetic dye alizarin (/wiki/Alizarin) , imported from Germany, was used to colour the cloth of the pantalons rouge . The French infantry wore the same pattern of trouser from 1867 to 1914. [5] (#cite_note-david-5) During the Franco-Prussian War (/wiki/Franco-Prussian_War) of 1870-71 the trousers became so synonymous with the French army that civilians referred to soldiers as "red legs" or red trousers . [4] (#cite_note-ludovici-4) On the eve of mobilisation for World War I (August 1914) red trousers or breeches formed a conspicuous part of the uniforms worn by all branches and corps except the Chasseurs a' pied (/wiki/Chasseurs) , Artillery, Engineers, Colonial troops and certain North African native regiments. The most spectacular version of the pantalons rouge was the voluminous "oriental dress" worn by the zouaves (/wiki/Zouave) . In red cloth this was so conspicuous that with the outbreak of war it had to be replaced by a white summer version until re-tailored blue and eventually khaki trousers could be issued. [6] (#cite_note-6) Early colour photograph of French 3rd Zouaves 1912 Replacement [ edit ] A comparison of French (upper), British (lower left) and Belgian (lower right) army uniforms in 1914 With changes in battlefield technology and tactics comparable European armies had switched from colourful uniforms to more drab (/wiki/Drab_(color)) versions in the period leading up to the First World War (/wiki/First_World_War) . The British Army adopted a Khaki (/wiki/Khaki) field service uniform, in place of the traditional infantryman's redcoat (/wiki/Red_coat_(military_uniform)) , just after the Second Boer War (/wiki/Second_Boer_War) (1899–1902), Imperial Russia moved from "Tsar's green" to khaki-grey between 1908 and 1910, and in 1909 the German army replaced its traditional Prussian blue (/wiki/Prussian_blue) uniform with feldgrau (/wiki/Feldgrau) , a grayish green color. [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-fried-8) The United States, Austro-Hungary, Italy and the Ottoman Empire all made similar moves between 1902 and 1910. However, these major powers, and many smaller armies, largely retained their historic brightly-coloured uniforms for ceremonial, parade, and off-duty "walking out" dress until the outbreak of war in 1914. [9] (#cite_note-9) Suggestions that the French army adopt predominantly brown or grey uniforms were rejected in the decades preceding the war. [10] (#cite_note-10) After observing the actions of the 1912–13 Balkan Wars (/wiki/Balkan_Wars) the French minister of war Adolphe Messimy (/wiki/Adolphe_Messimy) , well-regarded as a humane and professional army officer, proposed replacing the pantalon rouge , red kepis (/wiki/Kepi) and blue tunics with less conspicuous colours. [8] (#cite_note-fried-8) [11] (#cite_note-lloyd-11) Messimy's proposal was for a uniform of so-called tricolore fabric, woven from a mix of 60% blue wool, 30% red wool and 10% white wool. [5] (#cite_note-david-5) The proposal was fiercely opposed in the press which objected to the army wearing "muddy, inglorious" colours; the Écho de Paris (/wiki/%C3%89cho_de_Paris) stated that "to banish all that is colourful, all that gives the soldier his vivid aspect, is to go contrary both to French taste and military function". [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) Former war minister Eugène Étienne (/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_%C3%89tienne) also opposed the proposal, declaring " jamais! le pantalon rouge, c'est la France " ("never! the red trousers are France"), which became a catchphrase of the conservative movement in France. [8] (#cite_note-fried-8) [11] (#cite_note-lloyd-11) The outcry over the proposal almost cost Messimy his ministerial position. [11] (#cite_note-lloyd-11) The infantryman's uniform, including the pantalon rouge , was especially visible in the yellow-cropped fields that were fought over in August and September 1914, contributing to the high French casualty rate. [8] (#cite_note-fried-8) [11] (#cite_note-lloyd-11) After the outbreak of war, red alizarin (/wiki/Alizarin) dye could no longer be obtained from Germany. As a result, in December 1914 the French Army adopted a variation on Messimy's 1913 proposal. The mix of blue and white wool was retained, but without the red component, producing a uniform in horizon blue (/wiki/Horizon_blue) . Whilst less conspicuous than the pre-war uniform it was not perfect: the colour showed up well on the blue-sensitive film used in aerial photography of the time. The Germans had carefully developed their feldgrau to be hard to detect by photography or the naked eye. [5] (#cite_note-david-5) The Armée d’Afrique (/wiki/Arm%C3%A9e_d%E2%80%99Afrique) initially adopted uniforms made from khaki (/wiki/Khaki) cloth manufactured in Britain, but later changed to a lighter brown colour with a yellowish tinge known as "mustard" ( moutarde ). [14] (#cite_note-14) Limited readoption [ edit ] During World War I red trousers never completely vanished from depots plus lines of communication units and training establishments, [15] (#cite_note-15) although this reflected shortages of the new horizon-blue garments rather than nolstalgia. From 1928 [16] (#cite_note-16) the colourful pre-war uniforms were reintroduced for those regiments of the French Army of Africa (Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco) that were primarily dependent on voluntary enlistment. Limited to parade and off duty wear, this recruitment measure meant that red trousers were worn again until 1939 by officers and re-enlisted personnel of the tirailleurs (/wiki/Tirailleurs) , zouaves (/wiki/Zouaves) and chasseurs d'Afrique (/wiki/Chasseurs_d%27Afrique) . Only the Foreign Legion did not return to pantalons rouge after peacetime stocks were used up after 1919. In 1931 serving officers of all metropolitan and colonial branches were required to acquire full dress for social and ceremonial occasions in pre-1914 colours. [17] (#cite_note-17) In addition to these officers, cadets at the Saint Cyr Military Academy (/wiki/Saint_Cyr_Military_Academy) reappeared in blue and red from 1931 onwards. [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) Sr Cyr cadets 2007 World War II marked the final termination of the pantalons rouge , with the notable exception of Saint Cyr; plus a limited number of military bands and small detachments from units that had historically worn this iconic garment in various forms between 1829 and 1914. [20] (#cite_note-20) Bandsmen of the modern 1st Tirailleur Regiment (/wiki/1st_Tirailleur_Regiment) of Épinal (/wiki/%C3%89pinal) . Officer in pantalons rouge Gallery [ edit ] A poster for a 1904 operetta entitled Le Pantalon Rouge and depicting a French army officer French light infantry uniform, 1830 (/wiki/File:Infanterie._FRENCH_INFANTRY_UNIFORMS_Warriors_soldiers_from_antiquity_(Gauls)_to_1918._Public_domain_illustration_Larousse_du_XX%C3%A8me_si%C3%A8cle_1932_(cropped_to_post_1820).jpg) French army uniforms from 1820 (upper left) to 1918 (lower right) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Funcken, Liliane et Fred. L'Uniforme et les Armes des Soldats de la Guerre en Dentelle 2 . pp. 23–25. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 2-203-14316-9 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Funcken, Liliane et Fred. L'Uniforme et les Armes des Soldats de la Guerre en Dentelle 2 . p. 29. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 2-203-14316-9 . ^ a b c L'intermédiaire des chercheurs et curieux (in French). Benj. Duprat, Libraire de l'Institut. 1919. pp. 37–38. ^ a b Ludovici, Albert (1926). An Artist's Life in London and Paris, 1870-1925 . T.F. Unwin Limited. p. 33. ^ a b c Matthews David, Alison (2003). "Decorated Men: Fashioning the French Soldier, 1852-1914". Fashion Theory . 7 (1): 32. ^ (#cite_ref-6) Mirouze, Laurent. The French Army in the First World War - 1914 to 1918 . p. 216. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-3-902526-20-5 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Klueger, Robert F. (18 May 2021). Wilson, Clemenceau, Lloyd George and the Roads to Paris . Bridge & Knight Publishers, Ltd. p. 350. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-7363873-2-0 . ^ a b c d Friedland, Roger; Boden, Deirdre (1994). NowHere: Space, Time, and Modernity . University of California Press. p. 166. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-520-08018-8 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Haswell, A.E. Vanished Armies . pp. 1–81. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-74780-739-1 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Stempel, Jim (26 November 2014). The Nature of War: Origins and Evolution of Violent Conflict . McFarland. p. 141. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7864-9058-5 . ^ a b c d Lloyd, Mark (4 December 2003). The Art of Military Deception . Pen and Sword. p. 38. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-84468-010-8 . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221027114756/https://books.google.com/books?id=_dikAwAAQBAJ) from the original on 27 October 2022 . Retrieved 17 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Briggs, Asa; Clavin, Patricia (6 June 2014). Modern Europe, 1789-Present . Routledge. p. 171. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-317-86849-1 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Army History: The Professional Bulletin of Army History . U.S. Army Center of Military History. 1992. p. 16. ^ (#cite_ref-14) Kidd, R Spencer (2012). Military Uniforms in Europe 1900 - 2000: Volume One . Lulu.com. p. 42. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1291187441 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Jouineau, Andre. French Army 1918 . pp. 11–47. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-2-35250-105-3 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Michel Baudouin, pages 8-14 Armes Militaria No. 57 , Mensuel Mai 1990 ^ (#cite_ref-17) Jouineau, Andre. French Army 1940 . pp. 5–56. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-2-35250-179-4 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Jouineau, Andre. French Army 1940 . p. 8. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-2-35250-179-4 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Jean-Pierre Baly, page 9 "La Gazette des Uniformes", no 154, Mai-Juin 1995 ^ (#cite_ref-20) Gaujac, Paul. L'Armee Francaise 1943-1956 . p. 41. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-2-35250-195-4 . 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Museum dedicated to the fashion designer Yves Saint Laurent Yves Saint Laurent Museum in Marrakech متحف إيف سان لوران بمراكش Musée Yves Saint Laurent de Marrakech (mYSLm) Location Yves Saint Laurent Street, Marrakesh (/wiki/Marrakesh) , Morocco (/wiki/Morocco) Coordinates (/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system) 31°38′34.037″N 8°0′11.308″W / 31.64278806°N 8.00314111°W / 31.64278806; -8.00314111 Website https://www.museeyslmarrakech.com/en/ (https://www.museeyslmarrakech.com/en/) The Yves Saint Laurent Museum in Marrakech ( Arabic (/wiki/Arabic_language) : متحف إيف سان لوران بمراكش , French (/wiki/French_language) : Musée Yves Saint Laurent de Marrakech , stylized mYSLm ) is a museum dedicated to the fashion designer Yves Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(designer)) located in Marrakesh (/wiki/Marrakesh) , Morocco (/wiki/Morocco) . History [ edit ] Two museums have been established to display the works of Yves Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(designer)) and the collection of the Pierre Bergé - Yves Saint Laurent Foundation: one in Marrakesh and the other at the historic headquarters of the Yves Saint Laurent fashion house (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(brand)) in Paris. [1] (#cite_note-1) According to Pierre Bergé (/wiki/Pierre_Berg%C3%A9) , the designer's business partner and onetime life partner, "it was natural to build a museum dedicated to the work of Yves Saint Laurent in Morocco, as he—even in the colors and the forms of his clothing—owes so much to the country." [2] (#cite_note-Rousseau2016-2) The opening of both museums was organized in 2017. [2] (#cite_note-Rousseau2016-2) The museum in Marrakesh was notably financed by an auction of Moroccan works of art, held in the city by Pierre Bergé September 2015. [3] (#cite_note-3) It was inaugurated October 2017 and opened to the public October 19, 2017. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) In January 2018, the museum received the best new public building award at the 2018 Design Awards of the British international design magazine Wallpaper (/wiki/Wallpaper) . [6] (#cite_note-6) Location [ edit ] This Marrakesh museum is located on a street that had already been named after the designer, Yves Saint Laurent Street, near Majorelle Garden (/wiki/Majorelle_Garden) —Saint Laurent's residence in Morocco, transformed since his death into a garden, a Berber (/wiki/Berbers) Art Museum, [7] (#cite_note-7) and an exhibition space that received more than 700,000 visitors per year. [2] (#cite_note-Rousseau2016-2) Description [ edit ] The museum covers an area of 4,000 m2. It was designed by Studio KO and built by the Moroccan subsidiary of Bouygues (/wiki/Bouygues) . [2] (#cite_note-Rousseau2016-2) [8] (#cite_note-Amc-8) It includes an exhibition hall featuring the work of Yves Saint Laurent, in which there are photos, videos, sketches, 30,000 accessories, and over 7,000 garments from Saint Laurent's personal collections. [9] (#cite_note-9) Another hall is dedicated to Jacques Majorelle (/wiki/Jacques_Majorelle) , there are temporary exhibition halls, and holds an auditorium with 13 seats. It also has a gift shop and book store, a café-restaurant with a patio, and a research library with over 5,000 volumes including Andalusi (/wiki/Andalusi_Arabic) works dating back to the 12th century as well as books on botany, Amazigh art, and the work of Yves Saint Laurent. [2] (#cite_note-Rousseau2016-2) [8] (#cite_note-Amc-8) [10] (#cite_note-10) From the exterior, the earth-colored building takes the form of an assemblage of cubes and curves, dressed in a lace of bricks evoking weaves of fabric. The materials are terra cotta, concrete, and terrazzo, with colors allowing the building to blend in with its surroundings. The earth bricks were made from Moroccan earth and produced locally. The terrazzo in front and on the ground floor is an aggregate of stone and local marbles. [8] (#cite_note-Amc-8) Art historian Björn Dahlström, a former director of the Berber Art Museum, edited the book Berber women of Morocco , [11] (#cite_note-11) which was published in conjunction with the 2014/15 exhibition of the same name and shown in Paris, Manama (/wiki/Manama) and Rabat (/wiki/Rabat) . [12] (#cite_note-12) Apart from numerous photographs of Berber women's jewellery (/wiki/Jewellery_of_the_Berber_cultures) , dress and carpets in the museum's collection, the book presents articles about the traditional culture of Berber women in Morocco. Notes and references [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Fabrice Léonard (6 October 2017). "La femme Yves Saint Laurent s'expose à Paris et à Marrakech" (http://www.lepoint.fr/mode-design/la-femme-yves-saint-laurent-s-expose-a-paris-et-marrakech-06-10-2017-2162456_265.php) . Le Point (/wiki/Le_Point) . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Caroline Rousseau (2016). "Yves Saint Laurent, deux musées pour un couturier" (https://www.lemonde.fr/m-mode/article/2016/01/29/deux-musees-pour-le-couturier-yves-saint-laurent_4855921_4497335.html#tCgl8yVYhKQXLpVb.99) . Le Monde (/wiki/Le_Monde) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Pierre Bergé- Yves Saint Laurent met aux enchères sa collection d'art marocain à Marrakech" (https://telquel.ma/2015/09/16/collection-dart-marocain-pierre-berge-yves-saint-laurent-vendue-marrakech_1463075) . Telquel.ma (in French) . Retrieved 2019-06-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Le musée Yves Saint Laurent Marrakech inauguré ce week-end" (http://www.lefigaro.fr/arts-expositions/2017/10/14/03015-20171014ARTFIG00017-le-musee-yves-saint-laurent-marrakech-inaugure-ce-week-end.php) . FIGARO . 2017-10-14 . Retrieved 2019-06-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Le musée Yves Saint Laurent de Marrakech ouvrira le 19 octobre" (https://www.huffpostmaghreb.com/2017/03/10/yves-saint-laurent-marrakech-musee-ouvrira-19-octobre_n_15277464.html) . Al HuffPost Maghreb (in French). 2017-03-10 . Retrieved 2019-06-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Maroc : le musée Yves Saint Laurent, une architecture primée" (http://www.jeuneafrique.com/mag/543083/culture/maroc-le-musee-yves-saint-laurent-une-architecture-primee/) . Jeune Afrique (/wiki/Jeune_Afrique) (in French). 23 March 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-7) "MUSÉE PIERRE BERGÉ DES ARTS BERBÈRES – Jardin Majorelle" (https://www.jardinmajorelle.com/musee-pierre-berge-des-arts-berberes/) . www.jardinmajorelle.com . Retrieved 2022-01-17 . ^ Jump up to: a b c A. B. (2016). "Le projet du musée Yves Saint Laurent Marrakech (MYSLM) dévoilé" (https://www.amc-archi.com/photos/le-projet-du-musee-yves-saint-laurent-marrakech-myslm-devoile,5049/projet-du-musee-yves-saint-la.1) . AMC Archi . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "The Most Iconic Exhibits of All Time" (https://crfashionbook.com/fashion-a26950328-the-most-iconic-fashion-exhibits-of-all-time/) . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Le musée Yves Saint Laurent à Marrakech ouvrira en octobre 2017" (http://www.huffpostmaghreb.com/2016/06/29/musee-yves-saint-lauren-marrakech_n_10736664.html) . The Huffington Post (/wiki/The_Huffington_Post) . 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Dahlström, Björn (ed.) Berber women of Morocco . Paris: Editions d'Art Lys, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-2-85495-576-7 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-85495-576-7) ^ (#cite_ref-12) Guerraoui, Saad (2015-07-03). "Berber Women of Morocco exhibition at Rabat National Library" (http://thearabweekly.com/berber-women-morocco-exhibition-rabat-national-library) . AW . Retrieved 2022-01-17 . 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Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) Template‑class Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) This template is within the scope of WikiProject Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Fashion) and see a list of open tasks. Fashion Wikipedia:WikiProject Fashion Template:WikiProject Fashion fashion articles Template (/wiki/Category:Template-Class_fashion_articles) This template does not require a rating on Wikipedia's content assessment (/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_assessment) scale. Museums (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Museums) NA‑class museums portal (/wiki/Portal:Museums) This template is within the scope of WikiProject Museums (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Museums) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of museums (/wiki/Museums) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Museums) and see a list of open tasks. Museums Wikipedia:WikiProject Museums Template:WikiProject Museums Museums articles NA (/wiki/Category:NA-Class_Museums_articles) This template does not require a rating on Wikipedia's content assessment (/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_assessment) scale. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐ff98d5cb5‐nxgrp Cached time: 20240722151158 Cache expiry: 864000 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] DiscussionTools time usage: 0.005 seconds CPU time usage: 0.102 seconds Real time usage: 0.145 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 224/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 9519/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 11/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 9734/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.073/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1536051/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 119.787 1 -total 88.68% 106.229 1 Template:WikiProject_Fashion 11.23% 13.456 1 Template:WikiProject_Museums 2.01% 2.402 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:35824039-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722151158 and revision id 1206859023. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Shoe_museums&oldid=1206859023 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Shoe_museums&oldid=1206859023) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Template-Class fashion articles (/wiki/Category:Template-Class_fashion_articles) NA-importance fashion articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_fashion_articles) NA-Class Museums articles (/wiki/Category:NA-Class_Museums_articles) NA-importance Museums articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_Museums_articles) Hidden category: WikiProject banners without banner shells (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_banners_without_banner_shells)
Italian socialite and social media influencer Princess Mélusine Born ( 1994-07-25 ) 25 July 1994 (age 29) Paris (/wiki/Paris) , France Names Mathilda Mélusine dei Principi Ruspoli House (/wiki/Dynasty) Ruspoli (/wiki/Ruspoli_family) Father Alessandro Ruspoli, 9th Prince of Cerveteri (/wiki/Alessandro_Ruspoli,_9th_Prince_of_Cerveteri) Mother Theresa Patricia Genest Occupation model fashion influencer socialite Education Lycée français Chateaubriand (/wiki/Lyc%C3%A9e_fran%C3%A7ais_Chateaubriand) Istituto Marangoni (/wiki/Istituto_Marangoni) Donna (/wiki/Don_(honorific)) Mathilda Mélusine dei Principi Ruspoli (born 25 July 1994), also known as Princess Melusine Ruspoli , is a French-born Italian socialite, model, and fashion influencer. She is the daughter of Alessandro Ruspoli, 9th Prince of Cerveteri (/wiki/Alessandro_Ruspoli,_9th_Prince_of_Cerveteri) and a member of the House of Ruspoli (/wiki/Ruspoli_family) , an Italian noble family with close ties to the Vatican (/wiki/Holy_See) that was elevated into the Black nobility (/wiki/Black_nobility) . Ruspoli made her modelling debut in 2014 as one of the faces of Salvatore Ferragamo S.p.A. (/wiki/Salvatore_Ferragamo_S.p.A.) 's Fiamma campaign. She made her runway debut for walking for Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) at Milan Fashion Week (/wiki/Milan_Fashion_Week) in 2017. Family, early life, and education [ edit ] Donna Mathilda Mélusine dei Principi Ruspoli was born in Paris (/wiki/Paris) on 25 July 1994 to the Italian actor and aristocrat Alessandro Ruspoli, 9th Prince of Cerveteri (/wiki/Alessandro_Ruspoli,_9th_Prince_of_Cerveteri) and the French model Theresa Patricia Genest. [1] (#cite_note-tatler-1) [2] (#cite_note-harpers-2) She is a member of the Ruspoli family (/wiki/Ruspoli_family) , an Italian noble family that are also part of the Papal nobility (/wiki/Papal_nobility) and Black aristocracy (/wiki/Black_nobility) . [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-renata-4) Her father, who died in 2005, was the 9th Prince of Cerveteri (/wiki/Cerveteri) , the 9th Marquess of Riano (/wiki/Riano,_Lazio) , the 14th Count of Vignanello (/wiki/Vignanello) , and a Prince of the Papal States (/wiki/Papal_nobility) . [5] (#cite_note-hello-5) She is the half-sister of Francesco Ruspoli, 10th Prince of Cerveteri (/wiki/Francesco_Ruspoli,_10th_Prince_of_Cerveteri) and Tao Ruspoli (/wiki/Tao_Ruspoli) . [5] (#cite_note-hello-5) Ruspoli spent her childhood in Paris and at the family's palace in Rome, Palazzo Ruspoli (/wiki/Palazzo_Ruspoli,_Rome) , and at the family's castle in Vignanello (/wiki/Vignanello) , Castello Ruspoli (/wiki/Castello_Ruspoli) . [2] (#cite_note-harpers-2) [6] (#cite_note-parismatch-6) In 2013, she was presented to society (/wiki/Debutante) during Le Bal des Débutantes (/wiki/Bal_des_d%C3%A9butantes) at the Hôtel Raphael (/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Raphael) . [7] (#cite_note-teenvogue-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) She wore a pink floral tulle gown by Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) for the occasion. [9] (#cite_note-usfashion-9) She received her Baccalauréat (/wiki/Baccalaur%C3%A9at) at Lycée français Chateaubriand (/wiki/Lyc%C3%A9e_fran%C3%A7ais_Chateaubriand) in Rome. [4] (#cite_note-renata-4) [6] (#cite_note-parismatch-6) She studied fashion business at the Istituto Marangoni (/wiki/Istituto_Marangoni) in London. [10] (#cite_note-fashionweek-10) Career [ edit ] Ruspoli is represented by the talent management company Next Management (/wiki/Next_Management) . [11] (#cite_note-11) In May 2014, Ruspoli was one of the faces of the Fiamma campaign for Salvatore Ferragamo S.p.A. (/wiki/Salvatore_Ferragamo_S.p.A.) [7] (#cite_note-teenvogue-7) [10] (#cite_note-fashionweek-10) Later that year, she was photographed by Stefania Paparelli (/w/index.php?title=Stefania_Paparelli&action=edit&redlink=1) for W (/wiki/W_(magazine)) . [12] (#cite_note-12) Along with modelling, she was an intern at the Ferragamo advertising department. [7] (#cite_note-teenvogue-7) In 2017, Ruspoli made her runway modelling debut walking in the Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) Spring/Summer show at Milan Fashion Week (/wiki/Milan_Fashion_Week) . [1] (#cite_note-tatler-1) [5] (#cite_note-hello-5) She walked again for Dolce & Gabbana in the brand's Secret Show. [5] (#cite_note-hello-5) She has also modelled for Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) . [1] (#cite_note-tatler-1) [13] (#cite_note-13) In 2019, she modelled in a fashion spread for the magazine Mia Le Journal . [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) In March 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Italy) , fashion photographer Peppe Tortora (/w/index.php?title=Peppe_Tortora&action=edit&redlink=1) used WhatsApp (/wiki/WhatsApp) to photograph Ruspoli in quarantine at Castello Ruspoli, for a spread in Grey Magazine . [16] (#cite_note-16) Later that year, she was named European It Girl of the Summer by Tatler (/wiki/Tatler) . [1] (#cite_note-tatler-1) [17] (#cite_note-17) Also in 2020, she modelled for Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) in a campaign spread photographed by Leonardo Veloce (/w/index.php?title=Leonardo_Veloce&action=edit&redlink=1) . [18] (#cite_note-18) She is a fashion influencer (/wiki/Fashion_influencer) on social media. In 2017, she had 17,000 followers on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) , gaining a large following during the pandemic. [19] (#cite_note-hello2-19) [5] (#cite_note-hello-5) As of 2023, she has 149,000 followers. [20] (#cite_note-20) Personal life [ edit ] Ruspoli is a socialite and has sat at the front row during Milan Fashion Week and Paris Fashion Week (/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week) at shows for Alberta Ferretti (/wiki/Alberta_Ferretti) , Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) , and Tod's (/wiki/Tod%27s) . [1] (#cite_note-tatler-1) [5] (#cite_note-hello-5) She is considered part of the European jet set (/wiki/Jet_set) and is friends with Lady Kitty Spencer (/wiki/Lady_Kitty_Spencer) , Lady Amelia Windsor (/wiki/Lady_Amelia_Windsor) , Flora Ogilvy Vesterberg (/wiki/Flora_Ogilvy) , and Chiara di Carcaci (/w/index.php?title=Chiara_di_Carcaci&action=edit&redlink=1) . [1] (#cite_note-tatler-1) [19] (#cite_note-hello2-19) In 2019, she attended the Animal Ball, a charity event in London that raises funds for conservation programmes in South Asia. [1] (#cite_note-tatler-1) In 2017, she attended the launch party for Chanel's perfume Gabrielle . [21] (#cite_note-21) Ruspoli is a practising Catholic (/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Italy) . [4] (#cite_note-renata-4) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d e f g "Italian Princess Melusine Ruspoli is the European It girl of the Summer" (https://www.tatler.com/article/melusine-ruspoli) . 23 July 2020. ^ a b "Bazaar people: 25 domande a Melusine Ruspoli" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/it/lifestyle/viaggi/a31245335/melusine-ruspoli-chi-e/) . 5 March 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Pourquoi la princesse italienne Melusine Ruspoli est-elle la it-girl de l'été ?" (https://www.vanityfair.fr/savoir-vivre/story/melusine-ruspoli-la-princesse-italienne-a-suivre-cet-ete/12220) . 3 August 2020. ^ a b c "From Mia le Journal V issue: Mélusine Ruspoli (English version)" (https://renatagorreri.wordpress.com/2017/06/24/from-mia-le-journal-v-issue-melusine-ruspoli-english-version/) . 24 June 2017. ^ a b c d e f "Melusine Ruspoli: Princesa, modelo e 'influencer' en la Milan Fashion Week" (https://www.hola.com/moda/actualidad/20200224161421/princesa-melusine-ruspoli-milan-fashion-week-looks/) . 24 February 2020. ^ a b "Melusine Ruspoli, princesse bohême - Bal des débutantes" (https://www.parismatch.com/People/Bal-des-debutantes-Melusine-Ruspoli-princesse-boheme-534594) . ^ a b c "This is What It's Like to be a Teen Princess (And the Face of Ferragamo's New Campaign)" (https://www.teenvogue.com/story/princess-melusine-ruspoli-ferragamo) . 7 May 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Italian Princess Melusine Ruspoli's Lavish Life is Basically Our Summer Goals" (https://guestofaguest.com/new-york/nyc-society/italian-princess-melusine-ruspolis-lavish-life-is-basically-our-summer-goals) . ^ (#cite_ref-usfashion_9-0) "For the 2013 Ball, Italian princess Melusine Ruspoli chose a dress made by the house of Chanel" (https://us.fashionnetwork.com/videos/video/12583,For-the-2013-Ball-Italian-princess-Melusine-Ruspoli-chose-a-dress-made-by-the-house-of-Chanel.html) . ^ a b "Roman's Holiday with Melusine Ruspoli" (https://fashionweekdaily.com/romans-holiday-melusine-ruspoli/) . 11 August 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Next / Milan / Melusine Ruspoli" (https://www.nextmanagement.com/milan/profile/melusine-ruspoli) . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Melusine Ruspoli: Roman Holiday" (https://www.wmagazine.com/story/princess-melusine-ruspoli) . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "MELUSINE RUSPOLI: THE TRIUMPH OF CHIC \| Paris Social Diary" (http://parissocialdiary.fr/fashion/melusine-ruspoli-the-triumph-of-chic/) . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "ALL STAR – Mélusine Ruspoli – MIA LE JOURNAL V – Mia le Journal – Fashion Magazine" (https://www.mia-lejournal.com/fashion/2974-all-star-melusine-ruspoli-mia-le-journal-v.html) . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Mia le Journal – Spring Summer Edition – Mia le Journal – Fashion Magazine" (https://www.mia-lejournal.com/senza-categoria/1799-mia-le-journal-spring-summer-edition.html) . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Princess Melusine Ruspoli confined in her own castle WhatsApp-Directed by Peppe Tortora!" (https://www.fashionpress.it/melusine-ruspoli-whatsapp-by-peppe-tortora-46985.html) . 31 March 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Melusine Ruspoli è la It-girl dell'estate 2020 - Donnamoderna" (https://www.donnamoderna.com/news/cultura-e-spettacolo/melusine-ruspoli) . 6 August 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Melusine Ruspoli x FENDI (CAP 74024)" (https://models.com/work/cap-74024-melusine-ruspoli-x-fendi) . ^ a b "Princess Melusine Ruspoli's home is literally a dream" (https://www.hellomagazine.com/homes/2020072894324/princess-melusine-ruspoli-house-castello-ruspoli-inside/) . 28 July 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-20) https://www.instagram.com/melusineruspoli/?hl=en (https://www.instagram.com/melusineruspoli/?hl=en) ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Chanel's New Perfume "Gabrielle" Launch Party in Paris" (https://fashionsizzle.com/2017/07/07/chanels-new-perfume-gabrielle-launch-party-paris/) . 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Realistic silicone masks can be obtained cheaply and have been used in crimes throughout the world. [1] (#cite_note-1) Silicone (/wiki/Silicone) masks have been used as a disguise to conceal identity to perpetrate crimes. [2] (#cite_note-2) Incidents [ edit ] Year Perpetrator Crime Reference 2002 Conrad Zdzierak A white man used a mask he bought from SPFXmasks to appear as a black man and committed robberies in Cincinnati, Ohio. A man who looked like the mask was wrongfully convicted of the crime. Only after the girlfriend of the real criminal found the mask and some ink-stained money and reported it to the police did authorities realize their mistake. [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-Hutcheon_2010-4) 2010 Mr. X Air Canada Flight 018 Stowaway Incident (/wiki/Air_Canada_Flight_018_Stowaway_Incident) : A young man taking the Air Canada Flight 018 from Hong Kong to Vancouver wore a silicone mask to impersonate a white elderly man, to use someone else's identification to get into Canada. [5] (#cite_note-5) 2011 Geezer Bandit (/wiki/Geezer_Bandit) A Southern California bank robber known as the Geezer Bandit used a silicone mask to look like an old man. [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) 2014 Benoit Constant A black man in his twenties used a mask to appear as an elderly white man to rob banks in North Carolina. Identified by police based on CCTV camera images of the get away vehicle. [8] (#cite_note-8) 2019 Gilbert Chikli and Anthony Lasarevitsch Wore a silicone mask to impersonate French Defense Minister Jean-Yves Le Drian (/wiki/Jean-Yves_Le_Drian) . In this disguise he and several others contacted politicians, business figures and large organizations across the world over Skype (/wiki/Skype) , claiming that France was gathering ransom money in secret to free journalists being held hostage in the Middle East (/wiki/Middle_East) by Islamist (/wiki/Islamism) terrorists, scamming at least €55 million out of three victims before being caught. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) 2019 Clauvino da Silva (Drug Lord) He had his 19-year-old daughter visit him in prison in Brazil (/wiki/Brazil) . In a bid to escape he wore a silicone mask to look like her, plus a wig and her clothing, and tried to sneak out, leaving her behind. [12] (#cite_note-12) 2020 John Colletti Wore a mask to appear to be older, and used fake driver's licenses at casino self-service kiosks to steal money from people's bank accounts. [13] (#cite_note-13) See also [ edit ] Anti-mask law (/wiki/Anti-mask_law) Police impersonation (/wiki/Police_impersonation) Ghostface (identity) (/wiki/Ghostface_(identity)) Guy Fawkes mask (/wiki/Guy_Fawkes_mask) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Silicone masks -- the new criminal weapons , retrieved 2019-11-03 ^ (#cite_ref-2) "US criminals using film quality masks during bank robberies" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/8193185/US-criminals-using-film-quality-masks-during-bank-robberies.html) . December 10, 2010 – via www.telegraph.co.uk. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "White Robber Used Black Mask to Evade Arrest" (https://abcnews.go.com/US/white-man-lifelike-black-mask-evade-arrest-robberies/story?id=12288529) . ABC News . Retrieved 2019-11-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-Hutcheon_2010_4-0) Hutcheon, Stephen (2010-11-10). "Meet the man behind the mask" (https://www.thecourier.com.au/story/903888/meet-the-man-behind-the-mask/) . The Courier . Retrieved 2021-06-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Hong Kong conviction over 'old man' plane disguise" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/hongkong/8832028/Hong-Kong-conviction-over-old-man-plane-disguise.html) . 2011-10-17. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0307-1235 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235) . Retrieved 2019-11-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Loughran, Jack (2017-11-16). "Hollywood's silicone masks used to commit crimes, most people can't distinguish from real faces" (https://eandt.theiet.org/content/articles/2017/11/hollywood-s-silicone-masks-used-to-commit-crimes-most-people-can-t-distinguish-from-real-faces/) . eandt.theiet.org . Retrieved 2019-11-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Bernstein, Sharon (2010-12-09). " (https://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/hyper-realistic-masks-put-new-faces-on-crime/) 'Hyper-realistic' masks put new faces on crime" (https://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/hyper-realistic-masks-put-new-faces-on-crime/) . The Seattle Times . Retrieved 2019-11-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "North Carolina bank robber caught after using latex mask to look like old man: cops" (https://www.nydailynews.com/news/crime/bank-robber-caught-mask-old-white-cops-article-1.2145814) . New York Daily News . Retrieved 19 May 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) El-Ghobashy, Tamer. "How scammers used a silicone mask and Skype to impersonate a French minister and steal $90 million" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/how-scammers-used-a-silicone-mask-and-skype-to-impersonate-a-french-minister-and-steal-90-million/2019/06/20/601ca6ac-9375-11e9-b72d-d56510fa753e_story.html) . Washington Post . Retrieved 2019-11-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Schofield, Hugh. "The fake French minister in a silicone mask who stole millions" (https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-48510027) . BBC News . BBC. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Agence France-Presse in Paris (March 11, 2020). "Gang impersonated Jean-Yves Le Drian, sometimes with lookalike mask, to dupe rich and famous" (https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/11/two-masterminds-of-55m-french-minister-mask-scam-jailed) . www.theguardian.com . Retrieved March 12, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Gang leader disguises himself in silicone mask of his daughter's face in jailbreak bid" (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/clauvino-da-silva-brazil-gang-leader-jail-prison-escape-silicon-mask-video-daughter-a9039326.html) . The Independent . 2019-08-05 . Retrieved 2019-11-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "A man using a prosthetic mask stole more than $100,000 at casinos, prosecutors say" (https://cbs58.com/news/a-man-using-a-prosthetic-mask-stole-more-than-100-000-at-casinos-prosecutors-say) . CBS58 . Retrieved 2020-07-27 . 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Victoria's Secret Fashion Show 2002 Status Active Genre Fashion show Date(s) November 14, 2002 ( 2002-11-14 ) Frequency Annually Venue 69th Regiment Armory (/wiki/69th_Regiment_Armory) Location(s) New York (/wiki/New_York_City) , United States (/wiki/United_States) Inaugurated August 1, 1995 ( 1995-08-01 ) Previous event 2001 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2001) Next event 2003 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2003) Member Victoria's Secret (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret) Website Victoria's Secret Fashion Show (https://www.victoriassecret.com/fashion-show) The Victoria's Secret Fashion Show (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show) is an annual fashion show sponsored by Victoria's Secret (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret) , a brand of lingerie and sleepwear. Victoria's Secret uses the show to promote and market its goods in high-profile settings. The show features some of the world's leading fashion models, such as current Victoria's Secret Angels (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Angels) Tyra Banks (/wiki/Tyra_Banks) , Heidi Klum (/wiki/Heidi_Klum) , Gisele Bündchen (/wiki/Gisele_B%C3%BCndchen) , and Adriana Lima (/wiki/Adriana_Lima) . The Victoria's Secret Fashion Show 2002 was recorded in New York (/wiki/New_York_City) , United States (/wiki/United_States) at the 69th Regiment Armory (/wiki/69th_Regiment_Armory) . The show featured musical performances by Destiny's Child (/wiki/Destiny%27s_Child) , Marc Anthony (/wiki/Marc_Anthony) , and Phil Collins (/wiki/Phil_Collins) . Plus, Despina Caldis makes her live debut of A Moment Like This (/wiki/A_Moment_Like_This) after her win on the first season of American Idol's Golden Globe Awards. Karolína Kurková (/wiki/Karol%C3%ADna_Kurkov%C3%A1) was wearing the Victoria's Secret Fantasy Bra : Star of Victoria Fantasy Bra worth $10,000,000. Dates Locations Broadcaster Viewers (millions) Performers November 14, 2002 (recorded); November 20, 2002 New York, United States (/wiki/New_York_City) CBS 10.5 Destiny's Child (/wiki/Destiny%27s_Child) , Marc Anthony (/wiki/Marc_Anthony) , and Phil Collins (/wiki/Phil_Collins) Fashion show segments [ edit ] Special Performance [ edit ] Performer Song Status Phil Collins (/wiki/Phil_Collins) Can't Stop Loving You Live Performance Segment 1: Religious Holiday [ edit ] Performer Song Status Ennio Morricone (/wiki/Ennio_Morricone) Vita Nostra Remixed Recording Nationality Model(s) Wings Runway shows Notes Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Gisele Bündchen (/wiki/Gisele_B%C3%BCndchen) 1999–2003 • 2005–2006 2 Angel (2000–2006) Czech (/wiki/Czech_people) Karolína Kurková (/wiki/Karol%C3%ADna_Kurkov%C3%A1) 2000–2003 • 2005–2008 • 2010 Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Adriana Lima (/wiki/Adriana_Lima) 1999–2003 • 2005–2008 • 2010–2018 2 Angel (2000–2018) Estonian (/wiki/Estonian_people) Carmen Kass 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(/w/index.php?title=Nadine_Strittmatter&action=edit&redlink=1) 2002 Special Performance [ edit ] Performer Song Status Destiny's Child (/wiki/Destiny%27s_Child) 8 Days Of Christmas Live Performance Segment 2: Jungle Animals [ edit ] Performer Song Status Donna Summer (/wiki/Donna_Summer) State Of Independence Remixed Recording Nationality Model(s) Wings Runway shows Notes American (/wiki/Americans) Frankie Rayder (/wiki/Frankie_Rayder) 1999–2000 • 2002–2003 R Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Raquel Zimmermann (/wiki/Raquel_Zimmermann) 2002 • 2005–2006 NEW Ethiopian (/wiki/Demographics_of_Ethiopia) Liya Kebede (/wiki/Liya_Kebede) W 2002–2003 Dutch (/wiki/Dutch_people) Dewi Driegen (/wiki/Dewi_Driegen) Brazilians (/wiki/Brazilians) Ana Beatriz Barros (/wiki/Ana_Beatriz_Barros) 2002–2003 • 2005–2006 • 2008–2009 Caroline Ribeiro (/wiki/Caroline_Ribeiro) W 2000–2002 Irish (/wiki/Irish_people) Caitriona Balfe (/wiki/Caitriona_Balfe) 2002 NEW Estonian (/wiki/Estonian_people) Inga Savits (/w/index.php?title=Inga_Savits&action=edit&redlink=1) Indian (/wiki/Indian_people) Ujjwala Raut (/wiki/Ujjwala_Raut) 2002–2003 Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Ana Hickmann (/wiki/Ana_Hickmann) 2002 Hungarian (/wiki/Hungarian_people) Reka Ebergenyi (/w/index.php?title=Reka_Ebergenyi&action=edit&redlink=1) Nigerian (/wiki/Nigerians) Oluchi Onweagba (/wiki/Oluchi_Onweagba) 2000 • 2002–2003 • 2005–2007 R Dutch (/wiki/Dutch_people) Yfke Sturm (/wiki/Yfke_Sturm) 2002 • 2005 NEW American (/wiki/Americans) Bridget Hall (/wiki/Bridget_Hall) 1998 • 2001–2002 Estonian (/wiki/Estonian_people) Carmen Kass (/wiki/Carmen_Kass) W 1999 • 2002–2003 • 2008 Special Performance [ edit ] Performer Song Status Marc Anthony (/wiki/Marc_Anthony) Tragedy Live Performance Segment 3: Flamenco Frills [ edit ] Song Status Flamenco Remixed Recording Nationality Model(s) Wings Runway shows Notes American (/wiki/Americans) Tyra Banks (/wiki/Tyra_Banks) 1996–2003 • 2005 1 Angel (1997–2005) Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Adriana Lima (/wiki/Adriana_Lima) 1999–2003 • 2005–2008 • 2010–2018 2 Angel (2000–2018) Czech (/wiki/Czech_people) Karolína Kurková (/wiki/Karol%C3%ADna_Kurkov%C3%A1) 2000–2003 • 2005–2008 • 2010 Wearing "Star of Victoria Fantasy Bra" (Value: $10,000,000) American (/wiki/Americans) Lindsay Frimodt (/wiki/Lindsay_Frimodt) 2002–2003 NEW British (/wiki/British_people) Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) W 1996–1998 • 2002–2003 • 2005 R Brazilians (/wiki/Brazilians) Gisele Bündchen (/wiki/Gisele_B%C3%BCndchen) 1999–2003 • 2005–2006 2 Angel (2000–2007) Michelle Alves (/wiki/Michelle_Alves) 2002–2003 NEW German (/wiki/Germans) Heidi Klum (/wiki/Heidi_Klum) 1997–2003 • 2005 • 2007–2009 1 Angel (1999–2010) Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Alessandra Ambrosio (/wiki/Alessandra_Ambrosio) 2000–2003 • 2005–2017 FM Russian (/wiki/Russians) Eugenia Volodina (/wiki/Eugenia_Volodina) W 2002–2003 • 2005 • 2007 NEW Brazilians (/wiki/Brazilians) Fernanda Tavares (/wiki/Fernanda_Tavares) 2000–2003 • 2005 Raquel Zimmermann (/wiki/Raquel_Zimmermann) 2002 • 2005–2006 NEW American (/wiki/Americans) Frankie Rayder (/wiki/Frankie_Rayder) 1999–2000 • 2002–2003 R Estonian (/wiki/Estonian_people) Inga Savits (/w/index.php?title=Inga_Savits&action=edit&redlink=1) 2002 NEW Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Ana Beatriz Barros (/wiki/Ana_Beatriz_Barros) 2002–2003 • 2005–2006 • 2008–2009 Segment 4: Neon Angels [ edit ] Performer Song Status Red Hot Chili Peppers (/wiki/Red_Hot_Chili_Peppers) By The Way Remixed Recording Nationality Model(s) Wings Runway shows Notes Czech (/wiki/Czech_people) Karolína Kurková (/wiki/Karol%C3%ADna_Kurkov%C3%A1) W 2000–2003 • 2005–2008 • 2010 Estonian (/wiki/Estonian_people) Carmen Kass (/wiki/Carmen_Kass) 1999–2000 • 2002–2003 • 2008 R Ethiopian (/wiki/Demographics_of_Ethiopia) Liya Kebede (/wiki/Liya_Kebede) 2002–2003 NEW Brazilians (/wiki/Brazilians) Gisele Bündchen (/wiki/Gisele_B%C3%BCndchen) W 1999–2003 • 2005–2006 2 Angel (2000–2007) Caroline Ribeiro (/wiki/Caroline_Ribeiro) 2000–2002 Dutch (/wiki/Dutch_people) Yfke Sturm (/wiki/Yfke_Sturm) 2002 • 2005 NEW Irish (/wiki/Irish_people) Caitriona Balfe (/wiki/Caitriona_Balfe) 2002 Nigerian (/wiki/Nigerians) Oluchi Onweagba (/wiki/Oluchi_Onweagba) W 2000 • 2002–2003 • 2005–2007 R Dutch (/wiki/Dutch_people) Dewi Driegen (/wiki/Dewi_Driegen) 2002–2003 NEW Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Letícia Birkheuer (/wiki/Let%C3%ADcia_Birkheuer) Hungarian (/wiki/Hungarians) Reka Ebergenyi (/w/index.php?title=Reka_Ebergenyi&action=edit&redlink=1) 2002 Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Fernanda Tavares (/wiki/Fernanda_Tavares) 2000–2003 • 2005 American (/wiki/Americans) Tyra Banks (/wiki/Tyra_Banks) 1996–2003 • 2005 1 Angel (1997–2005) German (/wiki/Germans) Heidi Klum (/wiki/Heidi_Klum) W 1997–2003 • 2005 • 2007–2009 1 Angel (1999–2010) British (/wiki/British_people) Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) 1996–1998 • 2002–2003 • 2005 Brazilian (/wiki/Brazilians) Adriana Lima (/wiki/Adriana_Lima) W 1999–2003 • 2005–2008 • 2010–2018 2 Angel (2000–2018) Finale [ edit ] Performer Song Status Robbie Rivera (/wiki/Robbie_Rivera) Funk-A-Tron Remixed Recording Angels : Gisele Bündchen (/wiki/Gisele_B%C3%BCndchen) , Heidi Klum (/wiki/Heidi_Klum) , Adriana Lima (/wiki/Adriana_Lima) , Tyra Banks (/wiki/Tyra_Banks) , Karolína Kurková (/wiki/Karol%C3%ADna_Kurkov%C3%A1) . Returning models : Carmen Kass (/wiki/Carmen_Kass) , Bridget Hall (/wiki/Bridget_Hall) , Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) , Fernanda Tavares (/wiki/Fernanda_Tavares) , Alessandra Ambrosio (/wiki/Alessandra_Ambrosio) , Frankie Rayder (/wiki/Frankie_Rayder) , Caroline Ribeiro (/wiki/Caroline_Ribeiro) , Oluchi Onweagba (/wiki/Oluchi_Onweagba) . Newcomers : Yfke Sturm (/wiki/Yfke_Sturm) , Eugenia Volodina (/wiki/Eugenia_Volodina) , Lindsay Frimodt (/wiki/Lindsay_Frimodt) , Michelle Alves (/wiki/Michelle_Alves) , Nadine Strittmatter (/w/index.php?title=Nadine_Strittmatter&action=edit&redlink=1) , Raquel Zimmermann (/wiki/Raquel_Zimmermann) , Liya Kebede (/wiki/Liya_Kebede) , Dewi Driegen (/wiki/Dewi_Driegen) , Ana Beatriz Barros (/wiki/Ana_Beatriz_Barros) , Caitriona Balfe (/wiki/Caitriona_Balfe) , Inga Savits (/w/index.php?title=Inga_Savits&action=edit&redlink=1) , Ujjwala Raut (/wiki/Ujjwala_Raut) , Ana Hickmann (/wiki/Ana_Hickmann) , Reka Ebergenyi (/w/index.php?title=Reka_Ebergenyi&action=edit&redlink=1) , Letícia Birkheuer (/wiki/Let%C3%ADcia_Birkheuer) . 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British singer and fashion designer (born 1964) This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Keanan_Duffty) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Keanan_Duffty) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This biography of a living person (/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons) relies too much on references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) to primary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons#Misuse_of_primary_sources) . Please help by adding secondary or tertiary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources) . Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately , especially if potentially libelous (/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel) or harmful. 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( May 2020 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Keanan Duffty with punk impresario Malcolm McLaren. Keanan Duffty (born 28 April 1964) is a British fashion designer and musician based in New York City. Duffty studied fashion design at Saint Martin's School of Art (/wiki/Saint_Martin%27s_School_of_Art) in London, and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree. [ citation needed ] He is a member of the Council of Fashion Designers of America (/wiki/Council_of_Fashion_Designers_of_America) , [1] (#cite_note-1) Mentor for the Master's Program in Fashion Styling at Polimoda (/wiki/Polimoda) [2] (#cite_note-2) and Program Director at the Master’s of Professional Studies in Fashion Management at Parsons School of Design (/wiki/Parsons_School_of_Design) . [3] (#cite_note-3) Early years [ edit ] Duffty was a founding member of the British Punk band Sordid Details with Martin Beard (Drums), Jonathan Cameron (vocals) and Dave Huzzard (Bass). Formed in 1978 in the North of England Sordid Details were influenced by the Sex Pistols, for whom Duffty would later design stage clothes. [4] (#cite_note-4) In 1980, Duffty formed Wonder Stories, a New Romantic group which gained support from Radio 1 DJ Peter Powell and reviews in the Sounds music paper. [ citation needed ] Wonder Stories performed live in 1980 and 1981, however by 1982 Duffty moved to London to study fashion design at St Martin's School of Art. Duffty worked at PX, the London New Romantic boutique where Visage (/wiki/Visage_(band)) vocalist Steve Strange had also worked. Duffty was discovered by music business insider Falcon Stuart, former manager of Adam and the Ants (/wiki/Adam_and_the_Ants) , and X Ray Spex (/wiki/X_Ray_Spex) . Stuart arranged for Duffty to record demos for EMI and MCA records, eventually releasing a 12" dance mix of Water Sport on Falcon Stuart's Awesome Records label (AOR4) in 1985. Duffty recorded a four song session at Maida Vale Studios for BBC Radio 1 DJ Janice Long (/wiki/Janice_Long) . Water Sport was record of the week in Smash Hits (/wiki/Smash_Hits) , reviewed in the NME (/wiki/NME) by Dylan Jones and became a club hit in the UK. [ citation needed ] Duffty played a number of London shows including the ID Magazine Fifth anniversary party at the Institute of Contemporary Arts. Duffty relocated to New York in 1993 where he recorded the song I Am An Alien. The Video featured famed downtown diva Amanda Lepore (/wiki/Amanda_Lepore) as a futuristic nurse. [5] (#cite_note-5) Fashion [ edit ] Duffty established his fashion label and SoHo design studio in 1999. [6] (#cite_note-6) The collection is inspired by subversive subcultures and mixes high fashion with youth culture, music and British iconography. Over 70 premium specialty retailers carried the collection from 1999–2006 including Bergdorf Goodman (/wiki/Bergdorf_Goodman) , Bloomingdales (/wiki/Bloomingdales) , Fred Segal (/wiki/Fred_Segal) , Lane Crawford (/wiki/Lane_Crawford) , Harvey Nichols (/wiki/Harvey_Nichols) , Bay Crews and Journal Standard in Japan. Duffty has a celebrity following that included David Bowie (/wiki/David_Bowie) . [7] (#cite_note-7) In 2001 Duffty designed a space suit worn by Martha Stewart (/wiki/Martha_Stewart) in a Kmart commercial. In 2007 Duffty collaborated with David Bowie to create a limited-edition Bowie inspired collection for Target stores nationwide. [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) Duffty's clothes have been featured on TV shows including American Idol (/wiki/American_Idol) , Entourage (/wiki/Entourage_(U.S._TV_series)) , Queer Eye for the Straight Guy (/wiki/Queer_Eye_(2003_TV_series)) , Rock Star: Supernova (/wiki/Rock_Star:_Supernova) and several music videos. Duffty also designs the clothes for his rock band Slinky Vagabond. In 2010 Duffty announced the return of his signature label, re-entering the market with a contemporary men's collection for spring. The collection launched with 50 pieces, including woven shirts, knits, outerwear, skinny jeans, vests, trenchcoats and band jackets. [10] (#cite_note-10) On September 10, Duffty staged a guerilla-style fashion show in New York City. The models arrived by bus and marched at Lincoln Center with protest signs displaying lyrics from songs by Kraftwerk (/wiki/Kraftwerk) and Adam Ant (/wiki/Adam_Ant) . [11] (#cite_note-11) From 2012 to 2015 Duffty was Senior Academic Director of the Fashion Merchandising program at Academy of Art University (/wiki/Academy_of_Art_University) in San Francisco. Polimoda (/wiki/Polimoda) fashion institute in Florence Italy named Duffty as their Mentor for the Masters Program in Fashion Styling, from April 2017. Music [ edit ] Duffty has been lead singer in the band Slinky Vagabond, alongside Glen Matlock (/wiki/Glen_Matlock) (Sex Pistols), Clem Burke (/wiki/Clem_Burke) (Blondie), and Earl Slick (/wiki/Earl_Slick) (David Bowie/John Lennon). [12] (#cite_note-12) Slinky Vagabond made their debut in May 2007 at Irving Plaza as part of Joey Ramone (/wiki/Joey_Ramone) 's annual birthday bash. [13] (#cite_note-13) Slinky Vagabond also performed for Gen Art during New York fashion week and at the Rock and Roll Fantasy Camp. In 2008, XS Games (/wiki/XS_Games) launched PopStar Guitar (/wiki/PopStar_Guitar) for the Wii and PlayStation 2 computer entertainment system. Songs include "Glitterbug" from Slinky Vagabond, along with tracks by Fall Out Boy, Paramore and All-American Rejects. Duffty also performed at the Marc Bolan (/wiki/Marc_Bolan) 30th Anniversary show at the Delacorte Theatre in September 2007 alongside Patti Smith (/wiki/Patti_Smith) , Scissor Sisters (/wiki/Scissor_Sisters) , Moby (/wiki/Moby) , Lloyd Cole (/wiki/Lloyd_Cole) and the New York Dolls (/wiki/New_York_Dolls) . On April 18, 2008, Duffty was part of an extraordinary concert line-up featuring performances by Clem Burke, Slash (/wiki/Slash_(musician)) , Tom Morrello, Alan Vega (/wiki/Alan_Vega) , Ronnie Spector (/wiki/Ronnie_Spector) , Ian Hunter (/wiki/Ian_Hunter_(singer)) , Cheetah Chrome, Joan Jett (/wiki/Joan_Jett) , and Handsome Dick Manitoba (/wiki/Handsome_Dick_Manitoba) . The world of music and fashion fused as John Varvatos (/wiki/John_Varvatos) celebrated the opening of his second boutique in New York City at 315 Bowery, a space that formerly housed the seminal underground music club CBGB's (/wiki/CBGB%27s) . In May 2008, Duffty was a featured performer at the Loser's Lounge tribute to the Kinks (/wiki/The_Kinks) at Joe's Public Theater (/wiki/Public_Theater) in New York City with Earl Slick. [14] (#cite_note-14) Duffty regularly sang at downtown New York events such as 'Bowie Ball', held bi-annually at Don Hill's club in the Village. In December 2012, Duffty released a new album titled Killers in Glitter , a compilation of Duffty's music, from "Water Sport" (1985) to his work with Slinky Vagabond in 2007. Songs were written or co-written by Duffty with the exception of two covers: the David Bowie (/wiki/David_Bowie) classic " Boys Keep Swinging (/wiki/Boys_Keep_Swinging) " and the Bauhaus (/wiki/Bauhaus_(band)) goth anthem " Bela Lugosi's Dead (/wiki/Bela_Lugosi%27s_Dead) ". [15] (#cite_note-15) Duffty can be heard covering Katy Perry, Lana Del Rey, Joy Division and Primal Scream on his most recent album Total Dragon Pop (2014) with Earl Slick producing and playing guitar. Television [ edit ] Duffty's television credits include hosting The Juice in 2008 on the now defunct US network Plum TV (/wiki/Plum_TV) , for which he interviewed cultural icons including Gore Vidal, Donna Karan, Tommy Hilfiger, Elvis Costello, Russell Simmons, punk impresario Malcolm McLaren, and actors Laura Dern, Courteney Cox, Alec Baldwin and Chase Crawford of Gossip Girl. [ citation needed ] Duffty has appeared as a mentor on TLC’s Faking It, and has been featured extensively on MTV, Videofashion, E! Entertainment, Sirius XM Radio and BLUE GOLD, a new documentary on the iconic blue jean. [16] (#cite_note-16) Rebel Rebel-Anti Style [ edit ] In 2009, Duffty co-authored (with Paul Gorman (/wiki/Paul_Gorman) ) Rebel Rebel-Anti Style . [17] (#cite_note-17) Tracing the roots of rebel style to the music scene, the book explores how fashionable music and "anti-fashion" icons, like David Bowie, Sex Pistols, and Gwen Stefani, have inspired fashion. [18] (#cite_note-18) The book was published by Rizzoli (US) and Adelita (UK). Duffty has given a series of "Rebel Rebel-Anti Style" lectures at fashion schools, including the Fashion Institute of Technology, Parsons The New School in New York City, Marist College, the Academy of Art San Francisco, LIM College, [19] (#cite_note-19) the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts, [20] (#cite_note-20) and the Brooklyn Museum. [21] (#cite_note-21) Velvet Revolver [ edit ] In 2008, Duffty received two instrumental tracks from Sanctuary Management, the representatives of Velvet Revolver (/wiki/Velvet_Revolver) . The two demo tracks were titled 'Muthafucka' and 'Clappy'. Duffty's challenge was to write and record vocals and lyrics for these songs. Duffty went into Club House studios in Upstate New York with Earl Slick as producer. The resulting session produced new versions of the Velvet Revolver instrumentals now entitled "Fear No Evil" and "Prima Donna". [22] (#cite_note-22) Malcolm McLaren project [ edit ] Malcolm McLaren (/wiki/Malcolm_McLaren) : Spectacular Failure has been a documentary film project under development for a decade. [ citation needed ] Producers Keanan Duffty and Daniel Honan captured the last interview with McLaren in 2008 in Long Island, New York. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Keanan Duffty" (https://cfda.com/members/profile/keanan-duffty) . CFDA , retrieved 22 March 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Duffty Joins Polimoda Fashion Institute in Mentorship Role" (https://wwd.com/menswear-news/mens-retail-business/keanan-duffty-polimodo-fashion-institute-florence-10823631/) . WWD , retrieved 8 January 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Keanan Duffty Joins Parsons To Helm New Fashion Management Master’s Program" (https://mr-mag.com/keanan-duffty-joins-parsons-helm-new-fashion-management-masters-program/) . Mr Mag , retrieved 8 January 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Eyeing the Crumpet" (https://www.3ammagazine.com/3am/eyeing-the-crumpet/) . 3ammagazine.com . 11 February 2006. ^ (#cite_ref-5) "I Am an Alien" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tn_EKYQF8Cg) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . Retrieved 10 May 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "SLINKY VAGABOND OPENS NOLITA STORE. - Daily News Record \| HighBeam Research" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160414013941/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-67540016.html) . 14 April 2016. Archived from the original (https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-67540016.html) on 14 April 2016 . Retrieved 10 May 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Chanel goes downtown - Nymag" (https://nymag.com/nymetro/shopping/fashion/columns/gothamstyle/4185/) . New York Magazine . Retrieved 10 May 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Press" (https://pressroom.target.com/pr/news/fashion/mens/document/Bowie_by_keanan_Duffty_2007.pdf) (PDF) . Pressroom.target.com . Retrieved 10 May 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "YouTube" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160416234959/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jhK4KD7LhDA) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . Archived from the original (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jhK4KD7LhDA) on 16 April 2016 . Retrieved 27 November 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Scheidnes, Jean (2 September 2010). "Designer Keanan Duffty's Signature Label Returns" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/designer-luxury/designer-keanan-dufftys-signature-label-returns-3233666/) . Wwd.com . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "A Guerilla-style Fashion Show by Keanan Duffty" (https://fashionschooldaily.com/7808/a-guerilla-style-fashion-show-by-keanan-duffty/) . Fashion School Daily . 10 September 2010. ^ (#cite_ref-12) "YouTube" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160411030742/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YylV8L3I_ns) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . Archived from the original (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YylV8L3I_ns) on 11 April 2016 . Retrieved 27 November 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "YouTube" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160520040015/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=De3Ue0ujll8) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . Archived from the original (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=De3Ue0ujll8) on 20 May 2016 . Retrieved 27 November 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "YouTube" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160324131957/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fLSeJtQa3IE) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . Archived from the original (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fLSeJtQa3IE) on 24 March 2016 . Retrieved 27 November 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Dispatch Preview - StoryAmp" (https://www.storyamp.com/dispatch/df423d9b6577ea5212350117e18f3f00) . Storyamp.com . Retrieved 10 May 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Keanan Duffty" (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3168163/) . IMDb.com . Retrieved 10 May 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Keanan Duffty & Paul Gorman (2009). Rebel Rebel-Anti Style . NYC: Universe Publishing. p. 144. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0789318107 . (paperback) ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Designer Keanan Duffty Pens Fashion Book - Lifestyle - Men's Wear" (http://www.wwd.com/menswear-news/lifestyle/designer-keanan-duffty-pens-fashion-book-2242995) . Wwd.com . 17 August 2009 . Retrieved 2 January 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "LIM College - Fashion Insiders Guest Speaker Series Kicks Off with Keanan Duffty" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120402063623/http://www.limcollege.edu/MyLIM/10671.aspx) . Limcollege.edu. 22 September 2011. Archived from the original (http://www.limcollege.edu/MyLIM/10671.aspx) on 2 April 2012 . Retrieved 2 January 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Keanan Duffty Lecture Explores Anti-Fashion Icons - Fashion Scoops - Fashion" (http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/keanan-duffty-lecture-explores-anti-fashion-icons-5166644) . Wwd.com . 14 September 2011 . Retrieved 2 January 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Keanan Duffty Talks About Being a 'Rebel' (https://fashionschooldaily.com/5807/keanan-duffty-talks-about-being-a-rebel/) " (https://fashionschooldaily.com/5807/keanan-duffty-talks-about-being-a-rebel/) . Fashion School Daily . 27 April 2010. ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Archived copy" (https://web.archive.org/web/20210212023834/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=anCuMO2XxzM) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . Archived from the original (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=anCuMO2XxzM) on 12 February 2021 . Retrieved 27 November 2016 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title) ) External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.keananduffty.com/) Rebel Rebel Anti-Style Blog (https://rebelrebelantistyle.blogspot.com) on Blogger (/wiki/Blogger_(service)) Keanan Duffty (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3168163/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Keanan Duffty (https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/designers/keanan-duffty/) at FMD (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000072980547) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/103058220) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJtrVyFF7VDMCthdCFBF8C) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2009185776) Netherlands (http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p320414310) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐vmhqk Cached time: 20240714120650 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.506 seconds Real time usage: 0.892 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2649/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 102787/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 18540/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 12/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 80970/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.321/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6501484/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 581.387 1 -total 30.18% 175.450 1 Template:Reflist 26.42% 153.625 4 Template:Ambox 24.29% 141.197 18 Template:Cite_web 16.86% 98.040 1 Template:Multiple_issues 16.50% 95.919 1 Template:Authority_control 12.86% 74.751 1 Template:Short_description 10.07% 58.526 1 Template:BLP_primary_sources 9.04% 52.564 5 Template:Citation_needed 7.41% 43.078 5 Template:Fix Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:20144653-0!canonical and timestamp 20240714120650 and revision id 1200647500. 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Bi-annual fashion week Lakmé Fashion Week × FDCI Lakmé Fashion Week Nargis Fakhri (/wiki/Nargis_Fakhri) at the Lakme Fashion Week in 2013 Status active Frequency Bi-Annual in March and October Venue Different Location(s) Delhi (/wiki/Delhi) & Mumbai (/wiki/Mumbai) Country India (/wiki/India) Years active 1999–present Inaugurated 1999 Previous event October 2023 Next event March 2024 Sponsor IMG Reliance Website lakmefashionweek.co.in (https://lakmefashionweek.co.in/) Lakmé Fashion Week X FDCI is a bi-annual fashion week (/wiki/Fashion_week) which takes place in Delhi (/wiki/Delhi) and Mumbai (/wiki/Mumbai) . Its Summer-Resort show takes place in March in Mumbai while the Winter-Festive show takes place in October at Delhi. [1] (#cite_note-iejuly11-1) History [ edit ] The event first took place in 1999. Activities [ edit ] It is considered one of the premier fashion events in India [2] (#cite_note-reuters08-2) along with FDCI's India Fashion Week (/wiki/India_Fashion_Week) and India Runway Week (/wiki/India_Runway_Week) . It is jointly run and organized by Lakmé (/wiki/Lakm%C3%A9_Cosmetics) and IMG Reliance Limited, whose title sponsor is Lakmé. [3] (#cite_note-toi02-3) International models such as Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) as well as Indian film stars such as Priyanka Chopra Jonas (/wiki/Priyanka_Chopra_Jonas) , Deepika Padukone (/wiki/Deepika_Padukone) , Malaika Arora Khan (/wiki/Malaika_Arora_Khan) , and Arjun Rampal (/wiki/Arjun_Rampal) have participated in it making it one of the most prominent fashion shows in the world. International labels that have taken part in LFW include Louis Vuitton (/wiki/Louis_Vuitton) , Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) , and Roberto Cavalli (/wiki/Roberto_Cavalli) . Among Indian designers, Ajay Kumar, Manish Malhotra (/wiki/Manish_Malhotra) , Rohit Bal (/wiki/Rohit_Bal) , Tarun Tahiliani (/wiki/Tarun_Tahiliani) , and Ritu Beri (/wiki/Ritu_Beri) have taken part in the event. [4] (#cite_note-mrajaykumar-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-ieaugust11-6) The event has been responsible for launching the careers of designers such as Sabyasachi Mukherjee (/wiki/Sabyasachi_Mukherjee) . [7] (#cite_note-tt05-7) Kareena Kapoor (/wiki/Kareena_Kapoor) , Jacqueline Fernandez (/wiki/Jacqueline_Fernandez) , Sushmita Sen (/wiki/Sushmita_Sen) , Priyanka Chopra (/wiki/Priyanka_Chopra) , Deepika Padukone (/wiki/Deepika_Padukone) , Bipasha Basu (/wiki/Bipasha_Basu) and Lisa Haydon (/wiki/Lisa_Haydon) have been some of the major show-stoppers. See also [ edit ] Fashion in India (/wiki/Fashion_in_India) India Fashion Week (/wiki/India_Fashion_Week) India Runway Week (/wiki/India_Runway_Week) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-iejuly11_1-0) "ANOTHER FASHION WEEK?" (http://www.indianexpress.com/news/another-fashion-week/821039/) . The Indian Express (/wiki/The_Indian_Express) . 23 July 2011 . Retrieved 1 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-reuters08_2-0) "Mumbai all set for Lakme Fashion Week" (http://in.reuters.com/article/2008/03/19/idINIndia-32577020080319) . Reuters (/wiki/Reuters) . 19 March 2008 . Retrieved 1 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-toi02_3-0) "Fashion business poised for dramatic growth: FDCI" (http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Fashion-business-poised-for-dramatic-growth-FDCI/articleshow/17896739.cms) . Times of India (/wiki/Times_of_India) . 2 August 2002 . Retrieved 1 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-mrajaykumar_4-0) "Loud patterns, bold statement" (https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/fashion/bengalurus-designer-ajay-kumar-marks-his-fashion-week-debut/article7404243.ece) . Retrieved 9 July 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "LFW 2013 announced" (http://www.vogue.in/content/lakme-fashion-week-2013-dates-announced) . Retrieved 15 October 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-ieaugust11_6-0) "Fashion's Milestones" (http://www.indianexpress.com/news/fashions-milestones/832225/0) . The Indian Express (/wiki/The_Indian_Express) . 16 August 2011 . Retrieved 1 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-tt05_7-0) "New star rises from east" (https://archive.today/20130204052806/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050424/asp/nation/story_4654867.asp) . The Telegraph (/wiki/The_Telegraph_(Calcutta)) . 24 April 2005. Archived from the original (http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050424/asp/nation/story_4654867.asp) on 4 February 2013 . Retrieved 1 April 2012 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lakme Fashion Week (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lakme_Fashion_Week) . Official website (https://lakmefashionweek.co.in/) Mumbai Auditions (http://www.apnnews.com/2015/07/14/nations-most-coveted-model-auditions-at-lakme-fashion-week-is-back/) Lakme Fashion Week 2013 videos (http://hoture.com/category/lakmefashionweek-2013-fc/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐msvgk Cached time: 20240720183407 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.258 seconds Real time usage: 0.358 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1360/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 23018/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2058/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 27592/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.159/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5471833/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 320.899 1 -total 31.81% 102.084 6 Template:Cite_news 20.27% 65.051 1 Template:Short_description 20.03% 64.261 1 Template:Infobox_recurring_event 18.70% 60.001 1 Template:Infobox 12.99% 41.698 1 Template:Commons_category 12.35% 39.640 1 Template:Sister_project 12.26% 39.353 2 Template:Pagetype 11.76% 37.733 1 Template:Side_box 5.87% 18.847 2 Template:If_then_show Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:35291604-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720183407 and revision id 1234617710. 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American cosmetics brand This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Almay) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Almay" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Almay%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Almay%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Almay%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Almay%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Almay%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Almay%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( May 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Almay Inc. Industry Cosmetics Founded 1931 ; 93 years ago ( 1931 ) Headquarters New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) , New York , United States Key people Vanessa Solomon (Global General Manager) Carrie Underwood (/wiki/Carrie_Underwood) (Global Brand Ambassador) Products Cosmetics (/wiki/Cosmetics) Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) Revlon (/wiki/Revlon) (Rev Holdings, LLC.) Website www (http://www.almay.com/) .almay (http://www.almay.com/) .com (http://www.almay.com/) Almay is an American cosmetics brand owned by Revlon (/wiki/Revlon) which markets products toward people with sensitive skin. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) History [ edit ] The Almay Brand was originally established in 1931 and was named after the founders, Alfred and Fanny May Woititz. The creation of this cosmetic (/wiki/Cosmetics) brand began when Fanny May Woititz was in need of cosmetic products that did not irritate her sensitive skin. Her husband Alfred, who was a professional chemist, started experimenting with makeup to find ingredients that were purer and gentler. With the help of dermatologist Marion Sulzberger, they developed the first cosmetic brand that used hypoallergenic ingredients. [3] (#cite_note-3) Almay was the first brand to introduce skincare (/wiki/Skincare) safety by producing fragrance-free products, by showing all the ingredients used on its product labels, and by testing for allergy, as well as irritation. [ citation needed ] It was also the first to create a cosmetic line for consumers with specific skin types and those who wear contact lenses (/wiki/Contact_lenses) . [ citation needed ] In 1987, Almay was acquired by Revlon and today it has expanded to a full line of skincare and makeup products. Almay has products for skin, face, lips and eyes. The natural ingredients used include meadowsweet ( Filipendula ulmaria (/wiki/Filipendula_ulmaria) ) for oily skin, grape seed ( Vitis vinifera (/wiki/Vitis_vinifera) ) for normal skin, and cucumber ( Cucumis sativus (/wiki/Cucumis_sativus) ) for dry skin. Other ingredients in the products include moringa ( Moringa oleifera (/wiki/Moringa_oleifera) ), aloe ( Aloe barbadensis (/wiki/Aloe_barbadensis) ), milk thistle ( Silybum marianum (/wiki/Silybum_marianum) ), licorice ( Glycyrrhiza glabra (/wiki/Glycyrrhiza_glabra) ), soybean ( Glycine max (/wiki/Glycine_max) ), and rosehips ( Rosa canina (/wiki/Rosa_canina) ). Elaine Irwin Mellencamp (/wiki/Elaine_Irwin_Mellencamp) became the spokesperson for Almay in 2004. [4] (#cite_note-4) In 2010, Kate Hudson (/wiki/Kate_Hudson) became a spokesmodel after, and most recently Carrie Underwood (/wiki/Carrie_Underwood) . On June 16, 2022, its parent, Revlon, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy (/wiki/Chapter_11,_Title_11,_United_States_Code) . [5] (#cite_note-5) Cruelty-free cosmetic [ edit ] Almay has not conducted animal testing for over 20 years. The company has eliminated testing in all phases of research, development and manufacturing of all their products. They do not support, nor request that suppliers do animal testing. However, they do obey "local laws" in which countries may require animal testing in order to sell products to customers. Controversy [ edit ] In May 2015, the nonprofit organization, Truth in Advertising (/wiki/Truth_in_Advertising_(organization)) , filed complaints with the Federal Trade Commission (/wiki/Federal_Trade_Commission) and the New York Attorney General (/wiki/New_York_Attorney_General) alleging that Almay’s “Simply American” marketing campaign was misleading to consumers. The FTC and New York Attorney General claimed that the TV and Internet adverts, which depict the former “American Idol” star Carrie Underwood decked out in red, white and blue along with other patriotic imagery, implied that Almay products were made in the United States, when they contain “non-US components”, misleading consumers. It was revealed that three of the seven makeup products in the Almay’s “Simply American” commercials were made entirely overseas, in China, Germany and the Czech Republic (/wiki/Czech_Republic) . Revlon (/wiki/Revlon) chairman, Ron Perelman (/wiki/Ron_Perelman) , responded that the adverts neither claimed nor implied that Almay cosmetics are made in America. Perelman said their products celebrate the “simple, luminous and fresh-faced” look of American beauty, much as rival L’Oréal (/wiki/L%E2%80%99Or%C3%A9al) depicts the “French look.” Perelman also highlighted that the company employs 1,900 workers at its North Carolina (/wiki/North_Carolina) manufacturing plant as evidence of its commitment to American jobs. [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) In 2017, Almay hired a new spokesperson, the half-Black/half-Jewish comedienne and producer Rashida Jones (/wiki/Rashida_Jones) . [8] (#cite_note-8) The brand's Marketing Director Antoanette Bivona has admitted that "somewhere along the way, Almay lost its way, targeting a small range of skin tones. We need to reach a more diverse audience." [9] (#cite_note-9) Spokesmodels [ edit ] Some of the actresses and models that have appeared in Almay advertising include: Leslie Bibb (/wiki/Leslie_Bibb) Gillian Boudreau Lisa Butler Emily Caillon Karen Duffy (/wiki/Karen_Duffy) Jennifer Finnigan (/wiki/Jennifer_Finnigan) Kathie Lee Gifford (/wiki/Kathie_Lee_Gifford) Lucy Hale (/wiki/Lucy_Hale) Eva Herzigova (/wiki/Eva_Herzigova) Kate Hudson (/wiki/Kate_Hudson) Lauren Hutton (/wiki/Lauren_Hutton) Elaine Irwin (/wiki/Elaine_Irwin_Mellencamp) Rashida Jones (/wiki/Rashida_Jones) Milla Jovovich (/wiki/Milla_Jovovich) Vendela Kirsebom (/wiki/Vendela_Kirsebom) Yasmin Le Bon (/wiki/Yasmin_Le_Bon) Marie-Eve Nadeau Stephanie Seymour (/wiki/Stephanie_Seymour) Fabiana Tambosi Courtney Thorne-Smith (/wiki/Courtney_Thorne-Smith) Carrie Underwood (/wiki/Carrie_Underwood) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Company Overview of Almay, Inc" (https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=29761677) . Bloomberg . Retrieved 2016-05-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "REVLON FACT SHEET" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160507033440/http://www.revlon.com/about/fact-sheet) . Revlon . Archived from the original (http://www.revlon.com/about/fact-sheet) on 2016-05-07 . Retrieved 2016-05-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Almay's History" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160121205104/http://almay.co.nz/about) . Almay NZ . Archived from the original (http://www.almay.co.nz/about) on 2016-01-21 . Retrieved 2016-05-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Almay Signs Elaine Irwin-Mellencamp as Spokesperson (http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EIN/is_2004_Feb_25/ai_113605542/) , Business Wire , February 25, 2004 ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Cosmetics maker Revlon files for bankruptcy in US" (https://www.bbc.com/news/business-61835796) . BBC News . 2022-06-17 . Retrieved 2022-06-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Almay's 'Simply American' campaign not so American" (https://nypost.com/2015/05/22/almays-simply-american-campaign-not-so-american/) . New York Post . 2015-05-22 . Retrieved 2016-05-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) " (https://www.truthinadvertising.org/almay-not-simply-american/) 'ALMAY SIMPLY AMERICAN' SIMPLY NOT TRUE" (https://www.truthinadvertising.org/almay-not-simply-american/) . Truthinadvertising.org . 2015-05-19 . Retrieved 2016-05-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Brookman, Faye (2017-09-07). "Rashida Jones Named Almay Insider" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/color-cosmetics/rashida-jones-almay-insider-10972958/) . WWD . Retrieved 2019-10-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Jobson, C. Shardae (2018-04-05). "Almay Is Trying to Undo Years of White-Washing Its Beauty Campaigns" (https://fashionista.com/2018/04/almay-inclusive-diverse-makeup-brand-controversy) . Fashionista . Retrieved 2019-10-16 . v t e Cosmetics (/wiki/Cosmetics) Face Anti-aging cream (/wiki/Anti-aging_cream) BB cream (/wiki/BB_cream) Botulinum toxin (Botox) (/wiki/Botulinum_toxin) CC cream (/wiki/CC_cream) Concealer (/wiki/Concealer) Cotton pad (/wiki/Cotton_pad) Cleanser (/wiki/Cleanser) DD cream (/wiki/DD_cream) Facial (/wiki/Facial) Facial toning (/wiki/Facial_toning) Foundation (/wiki/Foundation_(cosmetics)) Highlighter (/wiki/Highlighter_(cosmetics)) Moist towelette (/wiki/Moist_towelette) Moisturizer (/wiki/Moisturizer) Permanent makeup (/wiki/Permanent_makeup) Primer (/wiki/Primer_(cosmetics)) Powder (/wiki/Face_powder) Rouge (/wiki/Rouge_(cosmetics)) Toner (/wiki/Toner_(skin_care)) Venetian ceruse (/wiki/Venetian_ceruse) Lips Lipstick (/wiki/Lipstick) Balm (/wiki/Lip_balm) Gloss (/wiki/Lip_gloss) Liner (/wiki/Lip_liner) Stain (/wiki/Lip_stain) Eyes Blepharoplasty (/wiki/Blepharoplasty) Circle contact lens (/wiki/Circle_contact_lens) Eyelash extensions (/wiki/Eyelash_extensions) Eyelid glue (/wiki/Eyelid_glue) Eye liner (/wiki/Eye_liner) Eye shadow (/wiki/Eye_shadow) Kohl (/wiki/Kohl_(cosmetics)) Mascara (/wiki/Mascara) Hair Conditioner (/wiki/Hair_conditioner) Hair coloring and bleaching (/wiki/Hair_coloring) Removal (/wiki/Hair_removal) chemical (/wiki/Chemical_depilatory) electric (/wiki/Electrology) laser (/wiki/Laser_hair_removal) IPL (/wiki/Intense_pulsed_light) plucking (/wiki/Plucking_(hair_removal)) shaving (/wiki/Shaving) threading (/wiki/Threading_(epilation)) waxing (/wiki/Waxing) Shampoo (/wiki/Shampoo) Sindoor (/wiki/Sindoor) Styling products (/wiki/Hairstyling_product) gel (/wiki/Hair_gel) mousse (/wiki/Hair_mousse) pomade (/wiki/Pomade) spray (/wiki/Hair_spray) wax (/wiki/Hair_wax) Nails Artificial nails (/wiki/Artificial_nails) Buffing (/wiki/Nail_buffing) Manicure (/wiki/Manicure) Nail polish (/wiki/Nail_polish) Pedicure (/wiki/Pedicure) Body Cold cream (/wiki/Cold_cream) Lotion (/wiki/Lotion) Peeling (/wiki/Exfoliation_(cosmetology)) Plastic surgery (/wiki/Plastic_surgery) Skin whitening (/wiki/Skin_whitening) Sunless tanning (/wiki/Sunless_tanning) Related Cosmetic electrotherapy (/wiki/Electrotherapy_(cosmetic)) Cosmetic ingredients (/wiki/Ingredients_of_cosmetics) Cosmetics advertising (/wiki/Cosmetics_advertising) Cosmetic packaging (/wiki/Cosmetic_packaging) Cosmetology (/wiki/Cosmetology) History of cosmetics (/wiki/History_of_cosmetics) Cosmetic industry (/wiki/Cosmetic_industry) Male cosmetics (/wiki/Male_cosmetics) Major cosmetic brands Ahava (/wiki/Ahava) Almay Amorepacific (/wiki/Amorepacific_Corporation) Anastasia Beverly Hills (/wiki/Anastasia_Beverly_Hills) Anna Sui (/wiki/Anna_Sui) Aqua Net (/wiki/Aqua_Net) Artistry (/wiki/Artistry_(cosmetics)) Aveda (/wiki/Aveda) Avon (/wiki/Avon_Products) Bath & Body Works (/wiki/Bath_%26_Body_Works) Benefit (/wiki/Benefit_Cosmetics) Biotherm (/wiki/Biotherm) Bite Beauty (/wiki/BITE_Beauty) Bobbi Brown (/wiki/Bobbi_Brown) Bonne Bell (/wiki/Bonne_Bell) Bumble and bumble (/wiki/Bumble_and_bumble) Burt's Bees (/wiki/Burt%27s_Bees) Carol's Daughter (/wiki/Carol%27s_Daughter) Clarins (/wiki/Clarins) Clinique (/wiki/Clinique) Coty (/wiki/Coty) ColourPop Cosmetics (/wiki/ColourPop_Cosmetics) CoverGirl (/wiki/CoverGirl) Creme 21 (/wiki/Creme_21) Cutex (/wiki/Cutex) Daigaku Honyaku Center (/wiki/Daigaku_Honyaku_Center) Dermacol (/wiki/Dermacol) Douglas (/wiki/Douglas_(cosmetics)) Elizabeth Arden, Inc. (/wiki/Elizabeth_Arden,_Inc.) Estée Lauder (/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies) elf (/wiki/Elf_(cosmetics)) Etude House (/wiki/Etude_House) Fabergé (/wiki/Faberg%C3%A9_(cosmetics)) Farmec (/wiki/Farmec) Fenty Beauty (/wiki/Fenty_Beauty) Fresh Garnier (/wiki/Garnier) Guerlain (/wiki/Guerlain) Hard Candy (/wiki/Hard_Candy_(cosmetics)) Helena Rubinstein (/wiki/Helena_Rubinstein) Jeffree Star Cosmetics (/wiki/Jeffree_Star_Cosmetics) Kao Corporation (/wiki/Kao_Corporation) Kevyn Aucoin (/wiki/Kevyn_Aucoin) Kiehl's (/wiki/Kiehl%27s) Kylie Cosmetics (/wiki/Kylie_Cosmetics) Lancôme (/wiki/Lanc%C3%B4me) Laneige (/wiki/Laneige) Laura Mercier Cosmetics (/wiki/Laura_Mercier_Cosmetics) Lise Watier (/wiki/Lise_Watier) L'Oréal (/wiki/L%27Or%C3%A9al) L'Occitane (/wiki/L%27Occitane_en_Provence) Love Cosmetics (/wiki/Love_Cosmetics) Lush (/wiki/Lush_(company)) MAC Cosmetics (/wiki/MAC_Cosmetics) Make Up For Ever (/wiki/Make_Up_For_Ever) Mary Kay (/wiki/Mary_Kay) Max Factor (/wiki/Max_Factor) Maybelline (/wiki/Maybelline) Merle Norman (/wiki/Merle_Norman_Cosmetics) Missha (/wiki/Missha) Molton Brown (/wiki/Molton_Brown) Morphe Cosmetics (/wiki/Morphe_Cosmetics) NARS (/wiki/NARS_Cosmetics) Natura (/wiki/Natura) Natural Wonder (/wiki/Natural_Wonder_(Revlon_subsidiary_brand)) Nature Republic (/wiki/Nature_Republic) Neal's Yard Remedies (/wiki/Neal%27s_Yard_Remedies) Neutrogena (/wiki/Neutrogena) Nexxus (/wiki/Nexxus) Nivea (/wiki/Nivea) NYX Cosmetics (/wiki/NYX_Cosmetics) O Boticário (/wiki/O_Botic%C3%A1rio) OPI (/wiki/OPI_Products) Oriflame (/wiki/Oriflame) Origins (/wiki/Origins_(cosmetics)) Paula Begoun (/wiki/Paula_Begoun) Pond's (/wiki/Pond%27s) Red Earth (/wiki/Red_Earth_(company)) Revlon (/wiki/Revlon) Richard Hudnut (/wiki/Richard_Hudnut) Rimmel (/wiki/Rimmel) Sephora (/wiki/Sephora) Shiseido (/wiki/Shiseido) Shu Uemura (/wiki/Shu_Uemura) SimplySiti (/wiki/SimplySiti) Sinful Colors (/wiki/Sinful_Colors) SK-II (/wiki/SK-II) Skin Food (/wiki/Skin_Food) Stila (/wiki/Stila) Tarte Cosmetics (/wiki/Tarte_Cosmetics) The Body Shop (/wiki/The_Body_Shop) The Face Shop (/wiki/The_Face_Shop) Ulta Beauty (/wiki/Ulta_Beauty) Ultima II (/wiki/Ultima_II_(cosmetics_line)) Uoma Beauty (/wiki/Uoma_Beauty) Urban Decay (/wiki/Urban_Decay_(cosmetics)) Vaseline (/wiki/Vaseline) Victoria's Secret (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret) Wella (/wiki/Wella) Younique (/wiki/Younique) Yves Rocher (/wiki/Yves_Rocher_(company)) Categories Companies (/wiki/Category:Cosmetics_companies) People (/wiki/Category:Cosmetics_people) History (/wiki/Category:History_of_cosmetics) v t e Revlon (/wiki/Revlon) Inc. Current brands Revlon (/wiki/Revlon) Almay Charlie (/wiki/Charlie_(fragrance)) Elizabeth Arden (/wiki/Elizabeth_Arden,_Inc.) Institut Jeanne Gatineau (/wiki/Institut_Jeanne_Gatineau) Mitchum (/wiki/Mitchum) Sinful Colors (/wiki/Sinful_Colors) Ultima II (/wiki/Ultima_II_(cosmetics_line)) Defunct brands Charles of the Ritz (/wiki/Charles_of_the_Ritz) Electric Youth (/wiki/Electric_Youth_(fragrance)) Natural Wonder (/wiki/Natural_Wonder_(Revlon_subsidiary_brand)) Former brands, under new ownership Clean & Clear (/wiki/Clean_%26_Clear) Esquire Shoe Polish (/wiki/Esquire_Shoe_Polish) Germaine Monteil (/wiki/Germaine_Monteil) Halston (/wiki/Halston) fragrances Max Factor (/wiki/Max_Factor) Princess Marcella Borghese (/wiki/Princess_Marcella_Borghese) External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.almay.com/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐847ccc58c‐z795g Cached time: 20240716132629 Cache expiry: 1334013 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.472 seconds Real time usage: 0.670 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2386/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 69867/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3208/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 51709/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.263/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7451782/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 583.372 1 -total 28.80% 168.004 1 Template:Infobox_company 26.97% 157.350 1 Template:Infobox 23.82% 138.966 1 Template:Reflist 19.54% 113.962 6 Template:Cite_web 15.24% 88.901 1 Template:Short_description 11.77% 68.645 3 Template:Navbox 11.74% 68.492 1 Template:More_citations_needed 11.18% 65.213 1 Template:Cosmetics 10.75% 62.711 1 Template:Ambox Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:16560165-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716132629 and revision id 1222896370. 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Defunct fashion brand Yeezy Gap Type Clothing (/wiki/Clothing) Inventor Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) and Gap Inc. (/wiki/Gap_Inc.) Inception 2021 ; 3 years ago ( 2021 ) [1] (#cite_note-timeline-1) Manufacturer Gap Available No Last production year October 2022 Website yeezygap (http://yeezygap.com) .com (http://yeezygap.com) Yeezy Gap (stylized as YEEZY GAP or YZY GAP ) was a fashion collaboration between Kanye West's (/wiki/Kanye_West) Yeezy (/wiki/Yeezy_(brand)) and the American clothing company Gap (/wiki/Gap_Inc.) announced in June 2020, with its first wave of clothing releasing a year later in June 2021. In January 2022 the brand announced its collaboration with luxury fashion house Balenciaga (/wiki/Balenciaga) , with the first collection from that line releasing the following month. Yeezy Gap was terminated two years after its announcement in September 2022 [a] (#cite_note-termination-6) after a series of disagreements between West and Gap executives. [3] (#cite_note-holman-3) West independently released products from the Yeezy Gap line in February 2024, without permission from Gap. Yeezy Gap was characterized by minimalist and utilitarian design, echoing previous Yeezy collections designed by West. [6] (#cite_note-7) It consisted of "elevated" basic clothing, including hoodies (/wiki/Hoodie) , tracksuits (/wiki/Tracksuit) , and jackets (/wiki/Jacket) . The line was met with generally positive critical and commercial reception, although some criticized the manner in which it was released. History [ edit ] Inception [ edit ] West had held a deep interest in Gap (/wiki/Gap_Inc.) for years, having worked there as a teen, and declared in a 2015 interview that he wanted to be "the Steve Jobs (/wiki/Steve_Jobs) of the Gap." In 2009, West was set to collaborate with Gap, but the collaboration fell through. According to West, he "couldn't get past the politics." [7] (#cite_note-8) [8] (#cite_note-9) In June 2020, West took to Twitter (/wiki/Twitter) to announce the Yeezy Gap collaboration, with Gap stock rising 36% after the announcement. [9] (#cite_note-10) In a statement, Gap said that the Yeezy Gap line will create "modern, elevated basics for men, women and kids at accessible price points." West and Gap agreed to a 10-year deal, with the option to renew after five years. The deal contained the ability for West to acquire up to 8.5 million common stock (/wiki/Common_stock) shares of Gap depending on sales performance, along with royalties for sales. [1] (#cite_note-timeline-1) [10] (#cite_note-11) Banner displayed over a Gap store building in promotion of Yeezy Gap Later in June, a retail Gap store in Chicago had its exterior redesigned to promote the collaboration. [11] (#cite_note-12) Mowalola Ogunlesi (/wiki/Mowalola_Ogunlesi) was announced to lead the design team in July. [1] (#cite_note-timeline-1) Release [ edit ] First Wave [ edit ] The first piece from the collaboration, a blue zipperless puffer jacket (/wiki/Puffer_jacket) made from recycled nylon, was released on June 8, 2021, coinciding with West's birthday. [12] (#cite_note-13) In September of that same year, the second item was released: a double-layered hoodie (/wiki/Hoodie) made from heavyweight cotton, dubbed the "Perfect Hoodie." [13] (#cite_note-14) The music video for the song "Heaven and Hell" from West's 2021 album Donda (/wiki/Donda) doubled as a commercial for the hoodie. [1] (#cite_note-timeline-1) Gap later reported that the Yeezy Gap hoodie set a record for the most online sales of a single item in a day in the company's history. They also stated that 70 percent of customers who purchased the item were new to the brand. [14] (#cite_note-15) Yeezy Gap Engineered by Balenciaga [ edit ] In January 2022, the "Yeezy Gap Engineered by Balenciaga" project was announced. It was set to be a collaboration between West and luxury fashion house Balenciaga (/wiki/Balenciaga) . [15] (#cite_note-16) Like other Yeezy Gap releases, the first previews of products from the collection were revealed alongside a studio album from West, Donda 2 (/wiki/Donda_2) . In late February, the first pieces from the line were released, as well as a lookbook (/wiki/Lookbook) showcasing the full collection. The release included T-shirts, hoodies, jackets, and jeans. [16] (#cite_note-17) The second collection from the collaboration was set for release on May 25, however, it was postponed until May 27 due to the Robb Elementary School shooting (/wiki/Robb_Elementary_School_shooting) . [17] (#cite_note-18) It contained accessories such as bags and hats alongside regular clothing. [18] (#cite_note-19) Retail stores [ edit ] In July 2022, Yeezy Gap products were made available for purchase in a retail location for the first time in the Times Square (/wiki/Times_Square) Gap store, later coming to select Gap locations across the United States. The clothes were displayed in unsorted trash bags, forcing customers to dig through them to find what they wanted, causing large social media backlash. West stated in a post on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) that the homeless (/wiki/Homelessness) were one of his biggest inspirations in design, which also led to criticism for "fetishizing" homelessness. West later defended the clothing displays, stating that it was part of his artistic vision. [1] (#cite_note-timeline-1) [19] (#cite_note-20) Termination [ edit ] In August 2022, West began taking to Instagram to share his issues with working with Gap. He frequently complained about the company holding meetings without him, copying his designs for Gap's own releases, and disagreements on how Yeezy Gap should be run. [1] (#cite_note-timeline-1) [20] (#cite_note-21) [21] (#cite_note-22) On September 12, West stated in an interview that he intended to end his partnership with Gap, saying "It’s time for me to go it alone." [22] (#cite_note-23) Three days later, on September 15, Yeezy notified Gap that it had violated its contract by failing to meet its obligations, specifically for not opening up dedicated Yeezy Gap retail stores. Gap CEO Mark Breitbard confirmed in a memo to employees that they would slow down the partnership, but that they still planned to work through their Yeezy product pipeline. However, on October 25, after a series of antisemitic (/wiki/Antisemitism) remarks from West, Gap stated that it would stop selling Yeezy Gap products, forgoing its plan to offload remaining stock after the end of its contract. [5] (#cite_note-forgood-5) [2] (#cite_note-castle-2) [4] (#cite_note-golden-4) [3] (#cite_note-holman-3) Independent release [ edit ] On February 22, 2024, West released several items from the collaboration on his yeezy.com (/wiki/Yeezy_(brand)) website in Europe (/wiki/Europe) only, seemingly without permission from Gap. The items were sold for USD$20, lower than typical Yeezy Gap prices. [23] (#cite_note-24) On the same day, he premiered a Super Bowl (/wiki/Super_Bowl) advertisement for the website, which was a low budget phone recording of West speaking in his car. [24] (#cite_note-25) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-termination_6-0) While the contract between West and Gap officially ended on September 15, 2022, [2] (#cite_note-castle-2) [3] (#cite_note-holman-3) Gap continued to sell already produced stock of Yeezy Gap clothing until October 25, 2022. [4] (#cite_note-golden-4) [5] (#cite_note-forgood-5) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d e f Takanashi, Lei (September 22, 2022). "A Timeline of Yeezy Gap: Why Kanye West's Deal With Gap Fell Apart and What's Next" (https://www.complex.com/style/yeezy-gap-timeline-kanye-west/) . Complex (/wiki/Complex_Networks) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230113221049/https://www.complex.com/style/yeezy-gap-timeline-kanye-west/) from the original on January 13, 2023 . Retrieved January 13, 2023 . ^ a b Stebbins, Jack (September 15, 2022). "Kanye West's Yeezy terminates deal with Gap: 'A king can't live in someone else's castle' (https://www.cnbc.com/2022/09/15/kanye-west-ye-yeezy-terminates-deal-with-gap-over-alleged-contract-violations.html) " (https://www.cnbc.com/2022/09/15/kanye-west-ye-yeezy-terminates-deal-with-gap-over-alleged-contract-violations.html) . CNBC (/wiki/CNBC) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230114014547/https://www.cnbc.com/2022/09/15/kanye-west-ye-yeezy-terminates-deal-with-gap-over-alleged-contract-violations.html) from the original on January 14, 2023 . Retrieved January 14, 2023 . ^ a b c Holman, Jordyn; Friedman, Vanessa (September 15, 2022). "Hip-Hop Mogul and Gap Officially End Their Partnership" (https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/15/business/kanye-west-yeezy-gap.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230114042455/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/15/business/kanye-west-yeezy-gap.html) from the original on January 14, 2023 . Retrieved January 14, 2023 . ^ a b Reid, Jenni; Golden, Jessica (October 25, 2022). "Adidas terminates Ye partnership, Gap removes Yeezy items over rapper's antisemitic remarks" (https://www.cnbc.com/2022/10/25/adidas-terminates-partnership-with-ye-following-rappers-antisemitic-remarks.html) . CNBC (/wiki/CNBC) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230111163335/https://www.cnbc.com/2022/10/25/adidas-terminates-partnership-with-ye-following-rappers-antisemitic-remarks.html) from the original on January 11, 2023 . Retrieved January 14, 2023 . ^ a b Silbert, Jake (October 25, 2022). "GAP Terminates YEEZY GAP, for Good This Time" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/yeezy-gap-kanye-antisemitism/) . Highsnobiety (/wiki/Highsnobiety) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230707015357/https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/yeezy-gap-kanye-antisemitism/) from the original on July 7, 2023 . Retrieved January 14, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Inman, DeMicia (February 23, 2022). "Ye And Demna Officially Introduce Yeezy Gap Engineered By Balenciaga" (https://www.vibe.com/lifestyle/fashion/ye-denma-yeezy-gap-engineered-balenciaga-1234649370/) . Vibe (/wiki/Vibe_(magazine)) . Retrieved October 8, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Ilyashov, Alexandra (September 15, 2015). "Kanye Is Really, Really Obsessed With Gap, In Case You Didn't Know" (https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2015/09/94634/kanye-west-gap-vanity-fair-interview) . Refinery29 (/wiki/Refinery29) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230113221049/https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2015/09/94634/kanye-west-gap-vanity-fair-interview) from the original on January 13, 2023 . Retrieved January 13, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Sanchez, Karizza (July 10, 2018). "The Untold Story of Pastelle, Kanye West's First Clothing Line" (https://www.complex.com/style/2018/07/kanye-west-pastelle-first-clothing-line-untold-story) . Complex (/wiki/Complex_Networks) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230113224827/https://www.complex.com/style/2018/07/kanye-west-pastelle-first-clothing-line-untold-story) from the original on January 13, 2023 . Retrieved January 13, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Effron, Oliver (June 26, 2020). "Gap will sell Kanye West's Yeezy line. Its stock is soaring 36%" (https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/26/investing/yeezy-gap-kanye-west/index.html) . CNN (/wiki/CNN) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230113221049/https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/26/investing/yeezy-gap-kanye-west/index.html) from the original on January 13, 2023 . Retrieved January 13, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Maheshwari, Sapna (June 26, 2020). "Kanye West and Gap Strike 10-Year Deal for 'Yeezy Gap' Apparel Line" (https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/26/business/kanye-west-yeezy-gap.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230113221045/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/26/business/kanye-west-yeezy-gap.html) from the original on January 13, 2023 . Retrieved January 13, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Silbert, Jake (June 28, 2020). "Kanye West Redesigns Chicago Gap Store in Light of YEEZY Partnership" (https://hypebeast.com/2020/6/kanye-west-yeezy-gap-chicago-store-redesign-partnership-handwritten-letter) . Hypebeast (/wiki/Hypebeast_(company)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230113224821/https://hypebeast.com/2020/6/kanye-west-yeezy-gap-chicago-store-redesign-partnership-handwritten-letter) from the original on January 13, 2023 . Retrieved January 13, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) DeStefano, Mike (June 8, 2021). "Kanye West's Yeezy Gap Has Arrived But Not How You May Have Expected" (https://www.complex.com/style/kanye-west-yeezy-gap-round-jacket-release/) . Complex (/wiki/Complex_Networks) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230123195319/https://www.complex.com/style/kanye-west-yeezy-gap-round-jacket-release/) from the original on January 23, 2023 . Retrieved January 23, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Northman, Tora (September 29, 2021). "Finally, the YEEZY GAP Hoodie Is Here" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/yeezy-gap-hoodie/) . Highsnobiety (/wiki/Highsnobiety) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230707015352/https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/yeezy-gap-hoodie/) from the original on July 7, 2023 . Retrieved January 23, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Gap Inc. Reports Third Quarter Results" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230113224832/https://www.gapinc.com/en-us/articles/2021/11/gap-inc-reports-third-quarter-results) . Gap Inc. (/wiki/Gap_Inc.) Archived from the original on January 13, 2023 . Retrieved January 13, 2023 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown) ) ^ (#cite_ref-16) Friedman, Vanessa (January 7, 2022). "The Tao of the Yeezy Gap x Balenciaga Project" (https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/07/style/yeezy-gap-balenciaga.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230114014539/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/01/07/style/yeezy-gap-balenciaga.html) from the original on January 14, 2023 . Retrieved January 13, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Silbert, Jake (May 9, 2022). "Everything to Know About YEEZY GAP, From Blue Jackets to Balenciaga" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/yeezy-gap-balenciaga-collab-release-date-timeline/) . Highsnobiety (/wiki/Highsnobiety) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230707015353/https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/yeezy-gap-balenciaga-collab-release-date-timeline/) from the original on July 7, 2023 . Retrieved January 13, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Kavilanz, Parija (May 25, 2022). "Yeezy Gap postpones launch of Balenciaga collection after Texas school shooting" (https://www.cnn.com/2022/05/25/business/yeezy-gap-balenciaga-postponed-school-shooting/index.html) . CNN (/wiki/CNN) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230114014558/https://www.cnn.com/2022/05/25/business/yeezy-gap-balenciaga-postponed-school-shooting/index.html) from the original on January 14, 2023 . Retrieved January 13, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Bennet, Alexis (May 27, 2022). "Part II of the Yeezy Gap Engineered by Balenciaga Collection Is Available to Shop" (https://www.vogue.com/article/yeezy-gap-engineered-by-balenciaga) . Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230123195319/https://www.vogue.com/article/yeezy-gap-engineered-by-balenciaga) from the original on January 23, 2023 . Retrieved January 23, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Garcia, Thania (August 18, 2022). "Kanye West Defends Selling His New Clothing Line Out of Construction Bags: 'I'm Not Here to Apologize About My Ideas' (https://variety.com/2022/music/news/kanye-west-yeezy-gap-construction-bags-1235344698/) " (https://variety.com/2022/music/news/kanye-west-yeezy-gap-construction-bags-1235344698/) . Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230123195317/https://variety.com/2022/music/news/kanye-west-yeezy-gap-construction-bags-1235344698/) from the original on January 23, 2023 . Retrieved January 23, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Callas, Brad (August 30, 2022). "Kanye West: 'Gap Held a Meeting About Me Without Me?' (https://www.complex.com/style/kanye-west-says-gap-held-a-meeting-about-without-me) " (https://www.complex.com/style/kanye-west-says-gap-held-a-meeting-about-without-me) . Complex (/wiki/Complex_Networks) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230114014540/https://www.complex.com/style/kanye-west-says-gap-held-a-meeting-about-without-me) from the original on January 14, 2023 . Retrieved January 14, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Kanye Speaks To The Gap Store In Atlanta , archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230114014538/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XQonXfG1f4s) from the original on January 14, 2023 , retrieved January 14, 2023 ^ (#cite_ref-23) Bhasin, Kim (September 12, 2022). "Kanye West Is Done With Corporate America. He'll Go It Alone" (https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-09-12/kanye-west-after-jpmorgan-jpm-gap-gps-clashes-is-done-with-companies) . Bloomberg News (/wiki/Bloomberg_News) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221128194106/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-09-12/kanye-west-after-jpmorgan-jpm-gap-gps-clashes-is-done-with-companies) from the original on November 28, 2022 . Retrieved January 14, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Nevares, Gabriel Bras (February 22, 2024). "Kanye West Restocks YZY GAP Collab Items For $20 Each" (https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/766493-kanye-west-yeezy-gap-website-hip-hop-news) . HotNewHipHop (/wiki/HotNewHipHop) . Retrieved March 28, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Moore, Sam (February 12, 2024). "Kanye West Stars In Low-Cost Yeezy Super Bowl Commercial After Blowing Budget On Ad Slot" (https://hiphopdx.com/news/kanye-west-super-bowl-commercial-yeezy) . HipHopDX (/wiki/HipHopDX) . Retrieved March 28, 2024 . v t e Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) Albums discography (/wiki/Kanye_West_albums_discography) Singles discography (/wiki/Kanye_West_singles_discography) Production discography (/wiki/Kanye_West_production_discography) Videography (/wiki/Kanye_West_videography) Songs (/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_Kanye_West) Awards and nominations (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Kanye_West) Live performances (/wiki/List_of_Kanye_West_live_performances) Views (/wiki/Views_of_Kanye_West) Studio albums The College Dropout (/wiki/The_College_Dropout) Late Registration (/wiki/Late_Registration) Graduation (/wiki/Graduation_(album)) 808s & Heartbreak (/wiki/808s_%26_Heartbreak) My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy (/wiki/My_Beautiful_Dark_Twisted_Fantasy) Yeezus (/wiki/Yeezus) The Life of Pablo (/wiki/The_Life_of_Pablo) Ye (/wiki/Ye_(album)) Jesus Is King (/wiki/Jesus_Is_King) Donda (/wiki/Donda) Donda 2 (/wiki/Donda_2) Collaborative albums Watch the Throne (/wiki/Watch_the_Throne) (with Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ) Kids See Ghosts (/wiki/Kids_See_Ghosts_(album)) (with Kid Cudi (/wiki/Kid_Cudi) as Kids See Ghosts (/wiki/Kids_See_Ghosts) ) Jesus Is Born (/wiki/Jesus_Is_Born) (as the Sunday Service Choir (/wiki/Sunday_Service_Choir) ) Vultures 1 (/wiki/Vultures_1) (with Ty Dolla Sign (/wiki/Ty_Dolla_Sign) as ¥$ (/wiki/%C2%A5$) ) Vultures 2 (/wiki/Vultures_2) (with Ty Dolla Sign as ¥$) Live albums Late Orchestration (/wiki/Late_Orchestration) VH1 Storytellers (/wiki/VH1_Storytellers_(Kanye_West_album)) Compilations Cruel Summer (/wiki/Cruel_Summer_(GOOD_Music_album)) (with GOOD Music (/wiki/GOOD_Music) ) Mixtapes Can't Tell Me Nothing (/wiki/Can%27t_Tell_Me_Nothing_(mixtape)) DVDs The College Dropout Video Anthology (/wiki/The_College_Dropout_Video_Anthology) Late Orchestration (/wiki/Late_Orchestration) Films We Were Once a Fairytale (/wiki/We_Were_Once_a_Fairytale) Runaway (/wiki/Runaway_(2010_film)) Cruel Summer (/wiki/Cruel_Summer_(film)) Jesus Is King (/wiki/Jesus_Is_King_(film)) Jeen-Yuhs (/wiki/Jeen-Yuhs) Tours Touch the Sky Tour (/wiki/Touch_the_Sky_Tour) Glow in the Dark Tour (/wiki/Glow_in_the_Dark_Tour) Fame Kills: Starring Kanye West and Lady Gaga (/wiki/Fame_Kills:_Starring_Kanye_West_and_Lady_Gaga) (cancelled) Watch the Throne Tour (/wiki/Watch_the_Throne_Tour) The Yeezus Tour (/wiki/The_Yeezus_Tour) Saint Pablo Tour (/wiki/Saint_Pablo_Tour) Books Glow in the Dark (/wiki/Glow_in_the_Dark_(book)) Fashion Nike Air Yeezy (/wiki/Nike_Air_Yeezy) Adidas Yeezy (/wiki/Adidas_Yeezy) Yeezy Gap Yeezy (brand) (/wiki/Yeezy_(brand)) Family Donda West (/wiki/Donda_West) (mother) Kim Kardashian (/wiki/Kim_Kardashian) (ex-wife) Bianca Censori (/wiki/Bianca_Censori) (wife) Devo Harris (/wiki/Devo_Harris) (cousin) Tony Williams (/wiki/The_Wrldfms_Tony_Williams) (cousin) North West (/wiki/North_West_(musician)) (daughter) The Kardashians (/wiki/Kardashian_family) (children & ex-in-laws) Related articles Dropout Bear (/wiki/Dropout_Bear) GOOD Music (/wiki/GOOD_Music) GOOD Fridays (/wiki/GOOD_Fridays) Child Rebel Soldier (/wiki/Child_Rebel_Soldier) Donda (company) (/wiki/Donda_(company)) Donda Academy (/wiki/Donda_Academy) Presidential campaigns (/wiki/Kanye_West_presidential_campaigns) Stem Player (/wiki/Stem_Player) Drake–Kanye West feud (/wiki/Drake%E2%80%93Kanye_West_feud) Category (/wiki/Category:Kanye_West) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5c57c99494‐q5rh6 Cached time: 20240716035954 Cache expiry: 1368008 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.422 seconds Real time usage: 0.776 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2970/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 81435/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 5615/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 106813/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.263/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6188901/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 472.833 1 -total 41.35% 195.530 2 Template:Reflist 30.86% 145.897 19 Template:Cite_web 19.95% 94.316 2 Template:Navbox_musical_artist 19.32% 91.344 1 Template:Kanye_West 13.90% 65.747 1 Template:Infobox_product 13.45% 63.595 1 Template:Short_description 13.23% 62.559 1 Template:Infobox 8.64% 40.871 9 Template:Main_other 7.91% 37.402 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:64406138-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716035954 and revision id 1232090164. 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John Michael Ingram John Michael Ingram (photo by Frank Hermann) Born ( 1931-02-01 ) 1 February 1931 [1] (#cite_note-Guardian-1) London (/wiki/London) , England (/wiki/England) Died 13 June 2014 (2014-06-13) (aged 83) Occupation(s) Menswear designer and retailer; founder of fashion forecasting agency John Michael Ingram (1 February 1931 – 13 June 2014) was an influential British menswear designer and retailer of the 1950s and '60s who founded the John Michael fashion brand, followed by a range of successful retail concepts, before establishing one of the first fashion forecasting agencies in the 1970s. He has also been credited as one of the pioneers behind the rise of the King's Road (/wiki/King%27s_Road) , Chelsea (/wiki/Chelsea,_London) , as a fashion destination. [2] (#cite_note-Sharp_Suits_Musgrave-2) In an interview for the magazine Drapers (/wiki/Drapers_(magazine)) , former Moss Bros (/wiki/Moss_Bros_Group) managing director Manny Silverman described Ingram as "one of the leading commercially innovative retailers of the 1960s; always a leader, never a follower. Without him, the King's Road might never have happened." [3] (#cite_note-Drapers_Musgrave-3) Early life and career [ edit ] John Michael Ingram was born into a fashion family; his parents owned the King's Road store Wakeford's, which specialised in dressing debutantes (/wiki/Debutante) and their mothers. [1] (#cite_note-Guardian-1) He left school at 16 and joined the family firm as a buyer (/wiki/Buyer_(fashion)) , demonstrating a keen eye for ensuring Wakeford's brand identity and in sourcing textiles. [1] (#cite_note-Guardian-1) Establishment of retail brand [ edit ] In 1957, Ingram opened his first menswear store in Chelsea, just down the road from Mary Quant (/wiki/Mary_Quant) 's Bazaar, and sold men's shirts in unusual prints and fabrics, such as Swiss voile (/wiki/Voile) and gingham (/wiki/Gingham) , targeting younger buyers who were keen to wear clothing inspired by Italian menswear trends. [1] (#cite_note-Guardian-1) The influence of John Michael's fashion grew rapidly. The first menswear editor of British Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(British_magazine)) , Aqualina Ross, has recalled how he walked into a store that felt like heaven, with clothing in bright colours, lightweight fabrics, and youthful cuts–a huge move forward from the typical clothing sold in department stores and small menswear shops of the West End (/wiki/West_End_of_London) . Ross bought a baby blue seersucker (/wiki/Seersucker) jacket that day and noticed that soon London's top advertising creatives were all clothed in similar John Michael seersucker jackets. [3] (#cite_note-Drapers_Musgrave-3) Ingram's King's Road shop was followed by Sportique, a store on Old Compton Street (/wiki/Old_Compton_Street) , Soho (/wiki/Soho) , next door to the influential coffee bar-cum-music venue 2i's (/wiki/The_2i%27s_Coffee_Bar) . Thanks in part to its location and its stock, the store attracted members of the music scene, including The Beatles (/wiki/The_Beatles) , The Who (/wiki/The_Who) , The Rolling Stones (/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones) , and Marc Bolan (/wiki/Marc_Bolan) . Its clothes were also worn by the London creative set, including David Hockney (/wiki/David_Hockney) , Francis Bacon (/wiki/Francis_Bacon_(artist)) , and Peter Cook (/wiki/Peter_Cook) ; although Alan Bennett (/wiki/Alan_Bennett) and Malcolm McLaren (/wiki/Malcolm_McLaren) were not persuaded, McClaren described the Sportique style as "a bit too subversive". [1] (#cite_note-Guardian-1) Where the creative scene led, a new market followed–not only young professionals but Mod (/wiki/Mod_(subculture)) teenagers–and Ingram's retail empire expanded to include a larger store in King's Road and stores in upmarket locations such as Bond Street (/wiki/Bond_Street) and St Ann's Arcade, Manchester (/wiki/Manchester) . [1] (#cite_note-Guardian-1) Savile Row [ edit ] During 1965, the John Michael empire became a PLC (/wiki/Public_limited_company) with 17 stores and was a flag-bearer for Swinging London (/wiki/Swinging_London) , stocked alongside Mary Quant in J.C. Penney (/wiki/J.C._Penney) , as well as being exported across Europe and to Japan. [1] (#cite_note-Guardian-1) Ingram opened a head office in Savile Row (/wiki/Savile_Row) , home of traditional British men's tailoring, where he created updated versions of men's suits. One of these suits, known as'spirit of old Broadcasting House' (a reference to the BBC (/wiki/BBC) ), is now in the V&A (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) archive. [1] (#cite_note-Guardian-1) Ingram also consulted for other manufacturers and employed people who would go on to establish their own successful tailoring brands, notably Jeremy Hackett (/wiki/Jeremy_Hackett) and Tom Gilbey (/wiki/Tom_Gilbey_(designer)) . [1] (#cite_note-Guardian-1) By 1971, Ingram's retail brands also included the store Guys and Dolls and the jeans store Westerner, one of the first dedicated jeans stores in the UK. [1] (#cite_note-Guardian-1) [3] (#cite_note-Drapers_Musgrave-3) Design forecasting [ edit ] During the mid-1970s, Ingram moved out of fashion retail and established the fashion forecasting agency Design Intelligence, which published guides to fashion trends. [1] (#cite_note-Guardian-1) As a fashion forecaster, he was revered for his track record in retailing and renowned for his ability to deliver commercial lines to fashion retailers at a time when few companies had their own in-house design teams. [3] (#cite_note-Drapers_Musgrave-3) Ingram continued working at Design Intelligence up to the age of 81. [1] (#cite_note-Guardian-1) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Horwell, Veronica (3 July 2014). "John Michael Ingram obituary" (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2014/jul/03/john-michael-ingram) . The Guardian . Retrieved 7 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Sharp_Suits_Musgrave_2-0) Musgrave, Eric (2009). Sharp Suits . London: Anova Books. p. 21. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781862058521 . ^ a b c d Musgrave, Eric (20 June 2014). "John Michael Ingram, menswear innovator and fashion forecasting pioneer (1931–2014)" (http://www.drapersonline.com/news/john-michael-ingram-menswear-innovator-and-fashion-forecasting-pioneer-1931-2014/5061399.article#.VBA_XEhhtPo) . Drapers Online . Retrieved 10 September 2014 . External links [ edit ] John Michael suit in V&A archive (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O135429/suit-john-michael/) John Michael bathing trunks in the Museum of London archive (http://collections.museumoflondon.org.uk/Online/object.aspx?objectID=object-82534&start=603&rows=1) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5b8f7f4b65‐xpk7q Cached time: 20240624082448 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.237 seconds Real time usage: 0.351 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1967/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 10231/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1292/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 16196/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.133/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5049082/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 308.533 1 -total 53.69% 165.666 1 Template:Infobox_person 30.35% 93.626 1 Template:Reflist 24.62% 75.967 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 24.57% 75.812 2 Template:Cite_news 17.57% 54.215 1 Template:Birth_date 7.16% 22.102 1 Template:EngvarB 6.64% 20.477 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 4.84% 14.929 1 Template:Authority_control 4.49% 13.839 15 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:43233094-0!canonical and timestamp 20240624082448 and revision id 1193699419. 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The main article for this category (/wiki/Help:Categories) is Perfume (/wiki/Perfume) . Wikimedia Commons has media related to Perfumes (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Perfumes) . Contents Top (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Perfumes) 0–9 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=0) A (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=A) B (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=B) C (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=C) D (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=D) E (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=E) F (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=F) G (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=G) H (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=H) I (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=I) J (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=J) K (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=K) L (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=L) M (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=M) N (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=N) O (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=O) P (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=P) Q (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=Q) R (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=R) S (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=S) T (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=T) U (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=U) V (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=V) W (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=W) X (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=X) Y (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=Y) Z (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&from=Z) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐zs5jg Cached time: 20240720230850 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [no‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.116 seconds Real time usage: 0.172 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 459/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 25056/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2848/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 20/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 4627/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.036/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1233105/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 157.358 1 -total 41.32% 65.028 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 39.57% 62.260 2 Template:Category_other 37.12% 58.419 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 35.62% 56.056 1 Template:Commons_category 33.94% 53.413 1 Template:Sister_project 32.72% 51.488 1 Template:Side_box 32.66% 51.394 1 Template:Category_TOC 26.45% 41.619 1 Template:TOC_top 22.90% 36.038 1 Template:Cat_main Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:44532346-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720230850 and revision id 954728084. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 10 subcategories, out of 10 total. 0–9 19th-century perfumes (/wiki/Category:19th-century_perfumes) ‎ (1 P) 20th-century perfumes (/wiki/Category:20th-century_perfumes) ‎ (20 P) 21st-century perfumes (/wiki/Category:21st-century_perfumes) ‎ (10 P) C Celebrity perfumes (/wiki/Category:Celebrity_perfumes) ‎ (8 C, 14 P) Perfumes released by Coty, Inc. (/wiki/Category:Perfumes_released_by_Coty,_Inc.) ‎ (11 P) D Designer perfumes (/wiki/Category:Designer_perfumes) ‎ (2 C, 9 P) E Essential oils (/wiki/Category:Essential_oils) ‎ (2 C, 66 P) N Niche perfumes (/wiki/Category:Niche_perfumes) ‎ (8 P) P Perfume houses (/wiki/Category:Perfume_houses) ‎ (9 C, 93 P) Perfumes by Jean-Claude Ellena (/wiki/Category:Perfumes_by_Jean-Claude_Ellena) ‎ (3 P) Pages in category "Perfumes" The following 116 pages are in this category, out of 116 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . Perfume (/wiki/Perfume) * List of perfumes (/wiki/List_of_perfumes) 0–9 4711 (/wiki/4711) A L'Air du Temps (perfume) (/wiki/L%27Air_du_Temps_(perfume)) Air freshener (/wiki/Air_freshener) Automatic deodorizer dispenser (/wiki/Automatic_deodorizer_dispenser) Amarige (/wiki/Amarige) Angel (perfume) (/wiki/Angel_(perfume)) Antaeus (perfume) (/wiki/Antaeus_(perfume)) Aqua Velva (/wiki/Aqua_Velva) Aramis (fragrance) (/wiki/Aramis_(fragrance)) Arpège (/wiki/Arp%C3%A8ge) Atomizer nozzle (/wiki/Atomizer_nozzle) Attar (/wiki/Attar) Aventus (/wiki/Aventus) Azurée (/wiki/Azur%C3%A9e) B Bay rum (/wiki/Bay_rum) Belle Haleine, Eau de Voilette (/wiki/Belle_Haleine,_Eau_de_Voilette) Bleu de Chanel (/wiki/Bleu_de_Chanel) Body spray (/wiki/Body_spray) Bois des Îles (/wiki/Bois_des_%C3%8Eles) Brut (cologne) (/wiki/Brut_(cologne)) C Captive odorant (/wiki/Captive_odorant) Carmelite Water (/wiki/Carmelite_Water) List of celebrity-branded perfumes (/wiki/List_of_celebrity-branded_perfumes) Chanel Chance (/wiki/Chanel_Chance) Chanel No. 5 (/wiki/Chanel_No._5) Chanel No. 19 (/wiki/Chanel_No._19) Chanel No. 22 (/wiki/Chanel_No._22) Charlie (fragrance) (/wiki/Charlie_(fragrance)) Chypre (/wiki/Chypre) Citron (/wiki/Citron) CK One (/wiki/CK_One) Classique (fragrance) (/wiki/Classique_(fragrance)) Clive Christian No. 1 (/wiki/Clive_Christian_No._1) Coco (perfume) (/wiki/Coco_(perfume)) Coco Mademoiselle (/wiki/Coco_Mademoiselle) Cool Water (perfume) (/wiki/Cool_Water_(perfume)) Cosmetic packaging (/wiki/Cosmetic_packaging) Cosmos (standard) (/wiki/Cosmos_(standard)) Cour des Senteurs (/wiki/Cour_des_Senteurs) Cuir de Russie (/wiki/Cuir_de_Russie) Curious (fragrance) (/wiki/Curious_(fragrance)) D Daisy (perfume) (/wiki/Daisy_(perfume)) Demeter Fragrance Library (/wiki/Demeter_Fragrance_Library) Drakkar Noir (/wiki/Drakkar_Noir) Driclor (/wiki/Driclor) E L'eau d'Issey (/wiki/L%27eau_d%27Issey) Eau de Cologne (/wiki/Eau_de_Cologne) Eau de toilette (/wiki/Eau_de_toilette) Égoïste (/wiki/%C3%89go%C3%AFste) État libre d'Orange (/wiki/%C3%89tat_libre_d%27Orange) F Febreze (/wiki/Febreze) Fidji (/wiki/Fidji) Fierce (fragrance) (/wiki/Fierce_(fragrance)) First (perfume) (/wiki/First_(perfume)) Florida Water (/wiki/Florida_Water) Fougère (/wiki/Foug%C3%A8re) G Gourmand (fragrance) (/wiki/Gourmand_(fragrance)) H Hai Karate (/wiki/Hai_Karate) Head cone (/wiki/Head_cone) Hungary water (/wiki/Hungary_water) I Impulse (body mist) (/wiki/Impulse_(body_mist)) L'Interdit (/wiki/L%27Interdit) International Fragrance Association (/wiki/International_Fragrance_Association) ISO 22715 (/wiki/ISO_22715) J Jazz (perfume) (/wiki/Jazz_(perfume)) Jicky (/wiki/Jicky) Jōvan Musk (/wiki/J%C5%8Dvan_Musk) Joy (perfume) (/wiki/Joy_(perfume)) K Kananga Water (/wiki/Kananga_Water) Kannauj Perfume (/wiki/Kannauj_Perfume) Kolonya (/wiki/Kolonya) Kouros (perfume) (/wiki/Kouros_(perfume)) L Lacoste Essential (/wiki/Lacoste_Essential) Lauren (perfume) (/wiki/Lauren_(perfume)) Light Blue (fragrance) (/wiki/Light_Blue_(fragrance)) Lovely (perfume) (/wiki/Lovely_(perfume)) Axe (brand) (/wiki/Axe_(brand)) M M7 (perfume) (/wiki/M7_(perfume)) 2-Methylundecanal (/wiki/2-Methylundecanal) Mitsouko (/wiki/Mitsouko) Musk xylene (/wiki/Musk_xylene) Mysore Sandalwood Oil (/wiki/Mysore_Sandalwood_Oil) N Natural Wonder (Revlon subsidiary brand) (/wiki/Natural_Wonder_(Revlon_subsidiary_brand)) Navy (perfume) (/wiki/Navy_(perfume)) O Old Spice (/wiki/Old_Spice) Onycha (/wiki/Onycha) Opium (perfume) (/wiki/Opium_(perfume)) P Peau d'Espagne (/wiki/Peau_d%27Espagne) Perfume Museum (Barcelona) (/wiki/Perfume_Museum_(Barcelona)) Perfumes of Singapore (/wiki/Perfumes_of_Singapore) Pourri (/wiki/Pourri) Prince Matchabelli (/wiki/Prince_Matchabelli) Proraso (/wiki/Proraso) R Research Institute of Fragrance Materials (/wiki/Research_Institute_of_Fragrance_Materials) RGX (/wiki/RGX) Rive Gauche (perfume) (/wiki/Rive_Gauche_(perfume)) Ernestine Rose (/wiki/Ernestine_Rose) S Sachet (/wiki/Sachet) Shalimar (perfume) (/wiki/Shalimar_(perfume)) Shemen Afarsimon (/wiki/Shemen_Afarsimon) Solanone (/wiki/Solanone) Solid perfume (/wiki/Solid_perfume) Sous Le Vent (/wiki/Sous_Le_Vent) Synthetic musk (/wiki/Synthetic_musk) T Tabac (perfume) (/wiki/Tabac_(perfume)) Tabu by Dana (/wiki/Tabu_by_Dana) TAG Body Spray (/wiki/TAG_Body_Spray) Terre d'Hermès (/wiki/Terre_d%27Herm%C3%A8s) U U From Uruguay (/wiki/U_From_Uruguay) Unguis odoratus (/wiki/Unguis_odoratus) V Vabbing (/wiki/Vabbing) Volatile organic compound (/wiki/Volatile_organic_compound) X Xeryus (/wiki/Xeryus) Xyrena (/wiki/Xyrena) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&oldid=954728084 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Perfumes&oldid=954728084) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Odor (/wiki/Category:Odor) Perfumery (/wiki/Category:Perfumery) Hidden categories: Commons category link from Wikidata 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French modeling agency VIVA Model Management Company type Model agency (/wiki/Modeling_agency) Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) Founded 1988 ; 36 years ago ( 1988 ) Paris (/wiki/Paris) , France Founder Cyril Brulé Headquarters VIVA Paris : Beaupassage 53-57 rue de Grenelle, 75007 Paris VIVA London : 23 Charlotte Road, 3rd Floor, London EC2A 3PB VIVA Barcelona : Carrer de Llull, 57-61, 6º 4ª, 08005 Barcelona Website Official website (http://www.viva-paris.com) VIVA Model Management is a model agency (/wiki/Model_agency) based in Paris (/wiki/Paris) , London (/wiki/London) and Barcelona. [1] (#cite_note-1) The agency was founded in Paris in 1988 by director Cyril Brulé [2] (#cite_note-Models.com-2) and focuses on high-fashion editorial and catwalk work. VIVA's board features notable models, including Natalia Vodianova (/wiki/Natalia_Vodianova) , Doutzen Kroes (/wiki/Doutzen_Kroes) , Kirsty Hume (/wiki/Kirsty_Hume) , Raquel Zimmerman (/wiki/Raquel_Zimmerman) , Stella Tennant (/wiki/Stella_Tennant) and Kaia Gerber (/wiki/Kaia_Gerber) . [3] (#cite_note-Talent-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) As well as the shared women's division, both offices operate a "VIVA Talent" board. Talents include French icons Ines de la Fressange (/wiki/Ines_de_la_Fressange) , Isabelle Huppert (/wiki/Isabelle_Huppert) and Laetitia Casta (/wiki/Laetitia_Casta) , and British actress Charlotte Rampling (/wiki/Charlotte_Rampling) . Models [ edit ] Current models include: [3] (#cite_note-Talent-3) Kesewa Aboah (/wiki/Kesewa_Aboah) Mica Argañaraz (/wiki/Mica_Arga%C3%B1araz) Nora Attal (/wiki/Nora_Attal) Vanessa Axente (/wiki/Vanessa_Axente) Małgosia Bela (/wiki/Ma%C5%82gosia_Bela) Julia Bergshoeff (/wiki/Julia_Bergshoeff) Sara Blomqvist (/wiki/Sara_Blomqvist) Edie Campbell (/wiki/Edie_Campbell) Olympia Campbell (/wiki/Olympia_Campbell) Laetitia Casta (/wiki/Laetitia_Casta) Saskia de Brauw (/wiki/Saskia_de_Brauw) Demy de Vries (/wiki/Demy_de_Vries) Andreea Diaconu (/wiki/Andreea_Diaconu) Dilone (/wiki/Dilone) Bette Franke (/wiki/Bette_Franke) Kaia Gerber (/wiki/Kaia_Gerber) Imaan Hammam (/wiki/Imaan_Hammam) Kirsty Hume (/wiki/Kirsty_Hume) Constance Jablonski (/wiki/Constance_Jablonski) Adrienne Jüliger (/wiki/Adrienne_J%C3%BCliger) Liya Kebede (/wiki/Liya_Kebede) Doutzen Kroes (/wiki/Doutzen_Kroes) Fernanda Ly (/wiki/Fernanda_Ly) Giulia Maenza (/wiki/Giulia_Maenza) Chaikra Shanti Maximus (/wiki/Chaikra_Shanti_Maximus) Pooja Mor (/wiki/Pooja_Mor) Kati Nescher (/wiki/Kati_Nescher) Julia Nobis (/wiki/Julia_Nobis) Emily Ratajkowski (/wiki/Emily_Ratajkowski) Aymeline Valade (/wiki/Aymeline_Valade) Rianne Van Rompaey (/wiki/Rianne_Van_Rompaey) Signe Veiteberg (/wiki/Signe_Veiteberg) Edita Vilkeviciute (/wiki/Edita_Vilkeviciute) Natalia Vodianova (/wiki/Natalia_Vodianova) Kiki Willems (/wiki/Kiki_Willems) Raquel Zimmermann (/wiki/Raquel_Zimmermann) See also [ edit ] List of modeling agencies (/wiki/List_of_modeling_agencies) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Viva London" (http://models.com/agency/VIVA-London) . models.com . ^ (#cite_ref-Models.com_2-0) "Viva Paris" (http://models.com/agency/Viva-Model-Management/profile/) . models.com . ^ a b "Talent" (https://www.viva-paris.com/talent/) . viva-paris.com . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Ranked Models Women" (http://models.com/agency/Viva-Model-Management/ranked) . models.com . External links [ edit ] Official Website (https://www.viva-paris.com/) Official Instagram profile (https://www.instagram.com/vivamodel/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐b7d4d997‐g9dc4 Cached time: 20240701001036 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.237 seconds Real time usage: 0.342 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1429/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 11523/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1612/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 16587/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.137/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4560294/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 315.307 1 -total 34.97% 110.257 1 Template:Reflist 31.81% 100.297 1 Template:Infobox_company 29.66% 93.530 4 Template:Cite_web 28.09% 88.569 1 Template:Infobox 26.58% 83.804 1 Template:Short_description 13.89% 43.807 2 Template:Pagetype 8.83% 27.844 6 Template:Main_other 7.97% 25.145 1 Template:SDcat 3.96% 12.474 1 Template:Col-begin Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:20164619-0!canonical and timestamp 20240701001036 and revision id 1180692270. 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Scottish make-up artist (born 1983) Lynsey Alexander Born Lynsey Alexander Scotland (/wiki/Scotland) Nationality British Education London College of Fashion (/wiki/London_College_of_Fashion) Occupation Make-up artist Lynsey Alexander (born August, 1983) is a Scottish (/wiki/Scottish_people) make-up artist (/wiki/Make-up_artist) , and currently the Global Creative Make-up Artist for Prada (/wiki/Prada) Beauty. Early life [ edit ] Alexander was raised in Scotland (/wiki/Scotland) . She quit her philosophy degree after seeing an advert in Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) for a make-up course and moved to London (/wiki/London) to study make-up at the London College of Fashion (/wiki/London_College_of_Fashion) and pursue a career in the fashion industry (/wiki/Fashion_industry) . [1] (#cite_note-Vogue-1) [2] (#cite_note-The_Herald-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) Career [ edit ] Alexander began her career working for the MAC (/wiki/MAC_Cosmetics) Pro team and got the chance to learn from names like Charlotte Tilbury (/wiki/Charlotte_Tilbury) , Diane Kendal (/wiki/Diane_Kendal) and Val Garland. After ten years with MAC, Alexander spent six years assisting the make-up artist Lucia Pieroni, learning how to do makeup that was more about abstract mood than by-the-book technique. [4] (#cite_note-TZR-4) She has worked alongside photographers Willy Vanderperre and Alasdair McLellan (/wiki/Alasdair_McLellan) and created runway looks for JW Anderson (/wiki/JW_Anderson) , Mary Katrantzou (/wiki/Mary_Katrantzou) , Missoni (/wiki/Missoni) , Dior Homme (/wiki/Dior) and Rochas (/wiki/Rochas) . [1] (#cite_note-Vogue-1) In July 2023, Alexander was appointed as the Global Creative Make-up Artist for Prada (/wiki/Prada) Beauty. [5] (#cite_note-Cosmetics_Business-5) [6] (#cite_note-WWD-6) References [ edit ] ^ a b Regensdorf, Laura (6 March 2019). "These 3 Makeup Artists Are Bringing Serious Cool to the Runways—And Rewriting Beauty Rules at the Same Time" (https://www.vogue.com/article/fashion-favorite-makeup-artists-thomas-de-kluyver-lynsey-alexander-fara-homidi) . Vogue . Retrieved 1 August 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-The_Herald_2-0) Herald and Times Archive (7 May 2006). "Lynsey Alexander" (https://www.heraldscotland.com/default_content/12439655.my-philosophy-draw-someones-natural-beauty-rather-masking-life-lynsey-alexander-22-senior-make-up-artist-mac-travelling-world-working-celebrities-supermodels-tonight-heads-team/) . The Herald . Retrieved 1 August 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Louca, Laura (13 March 2017). "Powerful Women: Lynsey Alexander Alexander, Estée Lauder" (https://www.lookfantastic.com/blog/discover/powerful-women-lynsey-alexander-alexander-estee-lauder/) . LOOKFANTASTIC . Retrieved 1 August 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-TZR_4-0) Stewart, Kelsey (8 February 2021). "19 Iconic Beauty Looks From Fashion Weeks Past, According To The Experts Who Created Them" (https://www.thezoereport.com/beauty/legendary-beauty-looks-from-fashion-months-past) . TZR . Retrieved 1 August 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-Cosmetics_Business_5-0) Carrara, Alessandro. "Prada enters beauty arena with new make-up and skin care range" (https://www.cosmeticsbusiness.com/news/article_page/Prada_enters_beauty_arena_with_new_make-up_and_skin_care_range/210351) . Cosmetics Business . Retrieved 1 August 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-WWD_6-0) Weil, Jennifer (28 July 2023). "EXCLUSIVE: Prada Beauty to Launch Makeup and Skin Care" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/beauty-features/prada-beauty-launch-makeup-skin-care-1235753531/) . WWD . Retrieved 1 August 2023 . External links [ edit ] Lynsey Alexander (https://models.com/people/Lynsey-Alexander) on models.com Lynsey Alexander (https://www.instagram.com/lynseyalexander/) on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) Lynsey Alexander (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm9314663/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_1_tt_0_nm_8_q_lynsey%2520alexander) on IMDb (/wiki/IMDb) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐dc899b7cc‐p6rcw Cached time: 20240721152733 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.311 seconds Real time usage: 0.676 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1730/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 14990/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 844/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 25286/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.191/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5680411/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 611.024 1 -total 46.18% 282.149 1 Template:Infobox_person 34.19% 208.921 1 Template:Reflist 30.61% 187.009 6 Template:Cite_web 14.68% 89.684 1 Template:Short_description 12.78% 78.118 1 Template:Count 7.34% 44.855 2 Template:Pagetype 7.33% 44.792 16 Template:Main_other 6.40% 39.119 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 4.24% 25.934 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:74500992-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721152733 and revision id 1210205366. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lynsey_Alexander&oldid=1210205366 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lynsey_Alexander&oldid=1210205366) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) 1983 births (/wiki/Category:1983_births) Alumni of the London College of Fashion (/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_the_London_College_of_Fashion) 21st-century Scottish women artists (/wiki/Category:21st-century_Scottish_women_artists) Scottish make-up artists (/wiki/Category:Scottish_make-up_artists) Scottish businesspeople in fashion (/wiki/Category:Scottish_businesspeople_in_fashion) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards)
Traditional garment for Hajong women Argon Argon Type Shawl (/wiki/Shawl) Material Silk (/wiki/Silk) , Cotton (/wiki/Cotton) Place of origin India (/wiki/India) An Argon (also called Agon , Agrun or Parsa ) is a traditional shawl-like garment worn by Hajong (/wiki/Hajong_people) women in the Indian subcontinent (/wiki/Indian_subcontinent) , in modern-day India (/wiki/India) and Bangladesh (/wiki/Bangladesh) . [1] (#cite_note-Hajong,_B._2002_p._1-2-1) It was a form of festive wear, worn during special occasions. Argons are shuttle-woven (/wiki/Shuttle_(weaving)) and characterized by large-scale, symmetrical patterns, featuring geometrical shapes and stylized leaves and flowers in colored silks and with or without gold and silver threads. Traditionally argons used to be very large in size and would have birds like herons (/wiki/Heron) , ducks (/wiki/Duck) and peacocks (/wiki/Peacocks) ; and trees like kadamba tree (/wiki/Kadamba_tree) brocaded on them. It can be worn by men during weddings or when attending religious ceremonies. Their appearance and dress resembles Boros (/wiki/Boro_people) [note 1] (#cite_note-4) Gallery [ edit ] Details of brocaded patterns on an argon. Women traditionally use the Argon to cover their left shoulder. Chiwar Phul motif (/wiki/Motif_(textile_arts)) woven along the edges. Hajong girls in traditional clothing. Traditional Hajong Clothing. Argons with 'bugri phul' (black) and 'chiwar phul' (green) motif along the borders. Traditional Hajong ornaments placed upon an Argon. See also [ edit ] Pathin (/wiki/Pathin) Dupatta (/wiki/Dupatta) Sabai (/wiki/Sabai) Hajong people (/wiki/Hajong_people) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-4) In appearance and dress the people are said to have a close resemblance to the well-known Kachári [2] (#cite_note-2) type, but this resemblance hardly holds good of their language as now spoken, for this is little more than a medley of Assamese and Bengali. [3] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEndle191186-3) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Hajong,_B._2002_p._1-2_1-0) Hajong, B. (2002). The Hajongs and their struggle. Assam, Janata Press. ^ (#cite_ref-2) In Assam proper the Hindus call them Kacháris; in Bengal they are known as Meches. Their own name for their race is Boṛo or Boḍo (the o has the sound of the English o in “hot”) ( Endle 1911 (#CITEREFEndle1911) , p. xvi). ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEndle191186_3-0) Endle 1911 (#CITEREFEndle1911) , p. 86. Sources [ edit ] Endle, Sidney (1911). The Kacháris . Macmillan and Co. 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design Embroidery of India (/wiki/Embroidery_of_India) Bandhani (/wiki/Bandhani) Chikankari (/wiki/Chikan_(embroidery)) Dhaka (/wiki/Dhaka_fabric) Gota (/wiki/Gota_(embroidery)) Jamdani (/wiki/Jamdani) Kantha (/wiki/Kantha) Kasuti (/wiki/Kasuti) Khadi (/wiki/Khadi) Muslin (/wiki/Muslin) Nakshi (/wiki/Nakshi_kantha) Phulkari (/wiki/Phulkari) Rajshahi silk (/wiki/Rajshahi_silk) Sarong (/wiki/Sarong) Shisha (/wiki/Shisha_(embroidery)) Zardozi (/wiki/Zardozi) Zari (/wiki/Zari) Footwear Jutti (/wiki/Jutti) Kholapuri (/wiki/Kolhapuri_chappal) Mojari (/wiki/Sindhi_Mojari) Paduka (/wiki/Paduka) This clothing (/wiki/Clothing) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Argon_(clothing)&action=edit) . v t e This fashion (/wiki/Fashion) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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< Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Fashion) Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) Project‑class Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) This page is within the scope of WikiProject Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Fashion) and see a list of open tasks. Fashion Wikipedia:WikiProject Fashion Template:WikiProject Fashion fashion articles Project (/wiki/Category:Project-Class_fashion_articles) This page does not require a rating on Wikipedia's content assessment (/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_assessment) scale. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐ff98d5cb5‐v2qtj Cached time: 20240722151224 Cache expiry: 864000 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] DiscussionTools time usage: 0.004 seconds CPU time usage: 0.100 seconds Real time usage: 0.134 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 119/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 4770/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 4867/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.075/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1381265/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 117.670 1 -total 100.00% 117.670 1 Template:WikiProject_Fashion 2.04% 2.395 1 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:74100943-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722151224 and revision id 1161339129. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Fashion/left_panel&oldid=1161339129 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Fashion/left_panel&oldid=1161339129) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Project-Class fashion articles (/wiki/Category:Project-Class_fashion_articles) NA-importance fashion articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_fashion_articles) Hidden category: WikiProject banners without banner shells (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_banners_without_banner_shells)
Navajo (/wiki/Navajo_people) woman's fancy manta, wool, ca. 1850-1865, collection of the Arizona State Museum (/wiki/Arizona_State_Museum) [1] (#cite_note-1) A manta is a rectangular textile that was worn as a blanket or as a wrap-around dress. [2] (#cite_note-dine-2) When worn as a dress, the manta is held together by a woven sash. Mantas are worn by such indigenous peoples (/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas) as the Navajo (/wiki/Navajo_people) , [2] (#cite_note-dine-2) Hopi (/wiki/Hopi_people) , and Pueblo peoples (/wiki/Pueblo_people) . Today they are worn during important ceremonies, such as weddings, [3] (#cite_note-3) dances, and feast days See also [ edit ] Navajo weaving (/wiki/Navajo_weaving) Serape (/wiki/Serape) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Blanket Details." (http://www.statemuseum.arizona.edu/exhibits/navajoweave/historic/blankets/e-2859_dtl.shtml) Navajo Weaving at Arizona State Museum. 2006. Retrieved 20 March 2012. ^ a b Sublette, Mark. "A History of Navajo Rugs and Navajo Blankets ." (http://www.navajotextiles.com/history.htm) Navajo Textiles. Retrieved 20 March 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Hopi Wedding Manta." (https://archive.today/20120708081046/http://exhibit.juncanoo.com/p/highlights-of-the-galleries/hopi%20wedding%20manta/) Penn Museum: Juncanoo Exhibit. Retrieved 20 March 2012. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5b8f7f4b65‐fcxww Cached time: 20240623201036 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.031 seconds Real time usage: 0.042 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 114/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 326/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 77/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 2545/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.002/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 575834/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 24.813 1 -total 100.00% 24.813 1 Template:Reflist 6.94% 1.723 1 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:28042010-0!canonical and timestamp 20240623201036 and revision id 1082206255. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manta_(dress)&oldid=1082206255 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manta_(dress)&oldid=1082206255) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Indigenous textile art of the Americas (/wiki/Category:Indigenous_textile_art_of_the_Americas) Hopi culture (/wiki/Category:Hopi_culture) Navajo culture (/wiki/Category:Navajo_culture) Native American clothing (/wiki/Category:Native_American_clothing) Pueblo culture (/wiki/Category:Pueblo_culture) Dresses (/wiki/Category:Dresses)
High-crowned cap Grigore IV Ghica (/wiki/Grigore_IV_Ghica) wearing the princely white-topped gugiuman The gugiuman is a type of high-crowned cap (/wiki/Cap) that was worn by Hospodars (/wiki/Hospodar) of Wallachia (/wiki/Wallachia) and Moldavia (/wiki/Moldavia) and highest ranked boyars (/wiki/Boyars_of_Wallachia_and_Moldavia) of both principalities into the first half of the nineteenth century. Gugiumans were made of sable (/wiki/Sable) fur and were exclusively reserved for the two aforementioned groups of nobles. The color of the felt atop of the hat (white for the Prince and red for Great Boyars) indicated the wearer's social status. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Following the adoption of the Regulamentul Organic (/wiki/Regulamentul_Organic) in the early 1830s, ruling princes adopted new, Russian-inspired military uniforms but retained the use of the white-topped gugiuman. [3] (#cite_note-3) See also [ edit ] Işlic (/wiki/I%C5%9Flic) Kalpak (/wiki/Kalpak) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Aust, Corlenia; Klein, Denise; Weller, Thomas (2019). Dress and Cultural Difference in Early Modern Europe . Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9783110632385 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Johnson, Lewis (2014). Mobility and Fantasy in Visual Culture . Routledge. p. 59. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1136747087 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Ionescu, Adrian (2003). Tradiție și modă în uniformele militare românești 1830-1920 [ Tradition and fashion in military uniforms of Modern Romania 1830-1920 ] (in Romanian). Muzeul Național de Istorie a României. p. 180. This Romania (/wiki/Romania) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gugiuman&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐dc899b7cc‐p4mz6 Cached time: 20240721183314 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.229 seconds Real time usage: 0.353 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 397/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 8300/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 330/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 15574/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.158/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3966037/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 267.133 1 -total 47.42% 126.667 1 Template:Reflist 40.94% 109.368 3 Template:Cite_book 27.70% 73.996 1 Template:Short_description 23.68% 63.253 1 Template:Romania-stub 22.94% 61.278 1 Template:Asbox 16.09% 42.975 2 Template:Pagetype 6.79% 18.138 3 Template:Main_other 5.95% 15.881 1 Template:SDcat 1.08% 2.894 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:74325895-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721183314 and revision id 1219009316. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gugiuman&oldid=1219009316 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gugiuman&oldid=1219009316) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Caps (/wiki/Category:Caps) Romanian clothing (/wiki/Category:Romanian_clothing) Greek clothing (/wiki/Category:Greek_clothing) Clothing of the Ottoman Empire (/wiki/Category:Clothing_of_the_Ottoman_Empire) Romania stubs (/wiki/Category:Romania_stubs) Hidden categories: CS1 Romanian-language sources (ro) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Romanian-language_sources_(ro)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
American model Adele Uddo Adele Uddo is an American parts model who promotes brands and doubles for celebrities. [1] (#cite_note-1) Early life and education [ edit ] Uddo grew up in a California commune. She dropped out of college to pursue a modeling career. [2] (#cite_note-New_York_Times-2) Career [ edit ] As a parts model, Uddo is most known for modelling her hands (/wiki/Hand_model) , but she also models her lips, legs, feet, eyes, neck and chest [3] (#cite_note-3) to promote brands and as a double for celebrities. She has also appeared in Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) magazine and on billboards. [2] (#cite_note-New_York_Times-2) Uddo has worked on campaigns for Christian Louboutin (/wiki/Christian_Louboutin) , Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior_(fashion_house)) , [4] (#cite_note-:3-4) Revlon (/wiki/Revlon) , Balmain (/wiki/Balmain_(fashion_house)) , Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) , [5] (#cite_note-5) Essie [6] (#cite_note-6) and Taco Bell. [7] (#cite_note-auto-7) She is a regular hand stand-in for celebrities, including Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) , Penélope Cruz (/wiki/Pen%C3%A9lope_Cruz) [2] (#cite_note-New_York_Times-2) , Reese Witherspoon (/wiki/Reese_Witherspoon) , Natalie Portman (/wiki/Natalie_Portman) [4] (#cite_note-:3-4) and Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) , [8] (#cite_note-8) and brands she has been featured in include Allure (/wiki/Allure_(magazine)) [7] (#cite_note-auto-7) , Harpers Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) , Byrdie [9] (#cite_note-:0-9) and The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . [2] (#cite_note-New_York_Times-2) Personal life [ edit ] She works in both Los Angeles and New York City, calling herself "bicoastal." [2] (#cite_note-New_York_Times-2) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Perfekte Haut: Dieses Model hat die weltweit bekanntesten Hände – so pflegt sie sie" (https://www.instyle.de/beauty/perfekte-haut-haende-tipps-adele-uddo) . InStyle . 19 May 2019. ^ a b c d e Rubin, Courtney (2016-03-14). "What a Hand Model Knows About Skin Care" (https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/17/fashion/hand-model-secrets.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2019-06-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Bakutyte, Justina (2015-09-08). "This Woman Is A Famous Model, But It's Not Her Face That Brought Her All The Glory" (https://articles.aplus.com/a/adele-uddo-parts-model) . A Plus . Retrieved 2019-06-05 . ^ a b Robehmed, Natalie. "The Life Of A Hand Model: Inside The Secretive World Of Parts Modeling" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/natalierobehmed/2014/08/18/the-life-of-a-hand-model-inside-the-secretive-world-of-parts-modeling/) . Forbes . Retrieved 2019-06-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Young, Katy (2018-04-11). "The £4,000-a-day hand model and her anti-ageing tips" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/beauty/skin/the-4000-a-day-hand-model-and-her-anti-ageing-tips/) . The Telegraph . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0307-1235 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235) . Retrieved 2019-06-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "A WOMAN'S BUSINESS SUCCESS - Thrive Global" (https://thriveglobal.com/stories/a-woman-s-business-success/) . thriveglobal.com . 30 October 2018 . Retrieved 2019-06-05 . ^ a b "This Woman May Have the Weirdest—and Coolest—Job Ever" (https://www.allure.com/story/hand-model-interview) . Allure . September 2015 . Retrieved 2019-06-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Manning, Charles (2014-08-19). "The Hand Job That Can Make You $5,000 a Day" (https://www.cosmopolitan.com/style-beauty/beauty/news/a30244/the-wacky-world-of-hand-modeling/) . Cosmopolitan . Retrieved 2019-06-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-:0_9-0) "This Model Has the Most Famous Hands in the World—Here Are Her Beauty Secrets" (https://www.byrdie.com/best-hand-products) . Byrdie . Retrieved 2019-06-05 . 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American designer (1927–2020) Sara Penn Born 1927 ( 1927 ) Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (/wiki/Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania) , U.S. Died 2020 (aged 92–93) [1] (#cite_note-Ursula-1) New York, New York (/wiki/New_York,_New_York) , U.S. [2] (#cite_note-SC-2) Nationality American Alma mater Spelman College (/wiki/Spelman_College) Atlanta University (/wiki/Atlanta_University) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) New York City portal (/wiki/Portal:New_York_City) Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Sara Penn (1927–2020) was the owner of Knobkerry, a clothing and antiques store, gallery, cultural center, and arts space in Downtown Manhattan (/wiki/Downtown_Manhattan) from the 1960s to the 1990s. Penn designed clothes that utilized global and historical textiles. Many of her clothing display strong African (/wiki/Clothing_in_Africa) , East (/wiki/East_Asian_cultural_sphere) and Southeast Asian (/wiki/Southeast_Asia#Culture) , and Indigenous American (/wiki/Native_American_fashion) influences. She also maintained and displayed an inventory of art objects from across the globe. [2] (#cite_note-SC-2) Biography [ edit ] Sara Penn was born in Pittsburgh to an affluent African American family in 1927. Her great aunt followed Booker T. Washington (/wiki/Booker_T._Washington) 's urge to provide skilled training for newly freed slaves, teaching quilting and sewing. She opened a training school that grew to have over 200 students. Penn recognizes a closeness with this relative that she attributes her own career to. After attending Spelman College (/wiki/Spelman_College) , Penn earned a social work degree from Atlanta University (/wiki/Atlanta_University) , where she would take a religion class with Martin Luther King Jr. (/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr.) She maintained her career as a social worker part-time even years into Knobkerry's success. [1] (#cite_note-Ursula-1) She traveled throughout Europe in the 1950s, living briefly in Paris (/wiki/Paris) and Amsterdam (/wiki/Amsterdam) . Eventually moving back to New York (/wiki/New_York_City) , she took a job as a social worker and began a romantic relationship with the painter Wolf Kahn (/wiki/Wolf_Kahn) . Kahn and Penn were regulars at the Cedar Bar (/wiki/Cedar_Tavern) where she met artists like Willem de Kooning (/wiki/Willem_de_Kooning) , Franz Kline (/wiki/Franz_Kline) and Joan Mitchell (/wiki/Joan_Mitchell) . [1] (#cite_note-Ursula-1) She began to apprentice at Phyllis Jewelry, a silver store on East 7th Street. Here she would meet not only her future business partners—Fumi Schmidt, a dancer and seamstress who sewed most of the creations and Olive Wong, a theatrical designer who procured textiles for Penn, [3] (#cite_note-NYT-3) but also friend and contemporary Art Smith (/wiki/Art_Smith_(jeweler)) , a jeweler, and Barbara Shaum, a sandal maker whose shop adjoined McSorley's Bar and would eventually become Penn's first shopfront. [2] (#cite_note-SC-2) Knobkerry [ edit ] A typical knobkerrie (/wiki/Knobkerrie) Her store Knobkerry, was a reference to " The Adventures of the Black Girl in Her Search for God (/wiki/The_Adventures_of_the_Black_Girl_in_Her_Search_for_God) ", a 1932 short story by George Bernard Shaw (/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw) . [2] (#cite_note-SC-2) In the allegorical satire the South African protagonist flees a mission with only her knobkerrie (/wiki/Knobkerrie) , a Zulu (/wiki/Zulu_people) fighting stick. She sets out for God, and anytime she comes across someone who tries to tell her who God is, she simply hits them with her knobkerrie and continues her search. [4] (#cite_note-The_Adventures_of_the_Black_Girl_in_Her_Search_for_God-4) The store changed locations numerous times, and other than a short stint in California, remained generally in Manhattan's Lower East Side. [2] (#cite_note-SC-2) The store dealt in both ready to wear garments and custom designs. The clothing were created onsite in the backroom of the shop. [5] (#cite_note-TWP-5) Alix Grès (/wiki/Alix_Gr%C3%A8s) was cited as an inspiration for their custom gowns. [3] (#cite_note-NYT-3) The garments were noted for their utilization of cultural assemblage as well as their ability to be worn by either sex. [6] (#cite_note-SEP-6) Knobkerry was the site of several early exhibitions by American artist David Hammons (/wiki/David_Hammons) . Roberta Smith (/wiki/Roberta_Smith) reviewed an exhibition of Hammons work at Knobkerry's TriBeCa location – describing how Hammons combined the inventory of Knobkerry and some of his own work to create a constantly shifting sculptural installation. Many works created by Hammons for this exhibition only existed for the duration of the exhibition. One piece, titled Carpet Beater , was an adorned Kilim (/wiki/Kilim) rug with two dozen drumsticks. Another was a deflated basketball filled with rice, placed atop a tiny lounge chair with chewing gum on its underside, all placed within a glass case with shelves holding Japanese dolls, Indian bronzes, and wood or iron African figurines. Moving water was connected to the orifices of African masks to become small scale, functioning fountains. Also featured was a group portrait of a Black family, partially obscured by a hanging kimono (/wiki/Kimono) . A small Shinto shrine (/wiki/Shinto_shrine) was encircled with black-eyed peas. [7] (#cite_note-NYT2-7) This was the first time Hammons staged his Freudian Slip , a piece of lacy lingerie draped over a Yoruban Gẹlẹdẹ (/wiki/G%E1%BA%B9l%E1%BA%B9d%E1%BA%B9) mask. The show's existence was spread exclusively by word-of-mouth. [1] (#cite_note-Ursula-1) This exhibition was a perfect fit for Penn's store, whose trademark clothing had always been a patchwork of culturally specific textiles. [6] (#cite_note-SEP-6) Among numerous other publications, her designs were notably featured on the covers of Esquire (/wiki/Esquire_(magazine)) [8] (#cite_note-Esquire-8) and The Saturday Evening Post (/wiki/The_Saturday_Evening_Post) , [6] (#cite_note-SEP-6) as well as several Virginia Slims (/wiki/Virginia_Slims) ad campaigns featuring Beverly Johnson (/wiki/Beverly_Johnson) for Essence (/wiki/Essence_(magazine)) in 1977, [9] (#cite_note-Essence-9) and for Jet (/wiki/Jet_(magazine)) in 1975. [10] (#cite_note-Jet-10) It has been speculated (though never confirmed) that Yves Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(designer)) , a frequent customer of Knobkerry, was influenced by Penn's designs for his Spring/Summer 1967 collection. [1] (#cite_note-Ursula-1) Designs from Knobkerry utilizing Pakistani textiles (/wiki/Textile_industry_in_Pakistan) were sold in the museum shop to accompany a 1969 exhibition of Pakistani craftwork at the Smithsonian Institution (/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution) Arts and Industries Building (/wiki/Arts_and_Industries_Building) . [5] (#cite_note-TWP-5) Knobkerry officially closed its doors in 1998. [2] (#cite_note-SC-2) Oral history [ edit ] Svetlana Kitto compiled an oral history (/wiki/Oral_history) of Sara Penn and Knobkerry after researching a catalogue for Ken Tisa (/wiki/Ken_Tisa) 's exhibition at Gordon Robichaux Gallery, where she repeatedly came across Penn's name and mentions of Knobkerry. [11] (#cite_note-NYT3-11) This oral history was ultimately compiled for a 2021 exhibition at SculptureCenter (/wiki/SculptureCenter) –curated by interim director Kyle Dancewicz and including sculptures by Niloufar Emamifar (/w/index.php?title=Niloufar_Emamifar&action=edit&redlink=1) and SoiL Thornton (/w/index.php?title=SoiL_Thornton&action=edit&redlink=1) . [2] (#cite_note-SC-2) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d e Kitto, Svetlana (October 19, 2021). "A Museum Disguised as a Shop" (https://www.hauserwirth.com/ursula/34934-museum-disguised-as-shop-sara-penn-knobkerry/) . Ursula . Hauser & Wirth (/wiki/Hauser_%26_Wirth) . Retrieved April 2, 2022 . ^ a b c d e f g Kitto, Svetlana (2022). Sara Penn's Knobkerry: An Oral History Sourcebook . Long Island City, NY: SculptureCenter (/wiki/SculptureCenter) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-7377186-0-4 . ^ a b Taylor, Angela (December 8, 1965). "Living -- and Shopping --Easy In 'East Village' Boutiques" (https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1965/12/08/95919005.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0) (PDF) . New York Times (/wiki/New_York_Times) . Retrieved April 1, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-The_Adventures_of_the_Black_Girl_in_Her_Search_for_God_4-0) Shaw, George Bernard (/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw) (1932). The Adventures of the Black Girl in Her Search for God . London: Constable and Company (/wiki/Constable_and_Company) . ^ a b Le Sueur, Dorothy (December 7, 1969). "Third World Reflections". The Washington Post (/wiki/The_Washington_Post) . ^ a b c Paley, Maggie (July 27, 1968). "The Big Costume Put On". Saturday Evening Post (/wiki/Saturday_Evening_Post) . Curtis Publishing Company (/wiki/Curtis_Publishing_Company) . ^ (#cite_ref-NYT2_7-0) Smith, Roberta (/wiki/Roberta_Smith) (January 6, 1995). "Art Review; The New, Irreverent Approach to Mounting Exhibitions" (https://www.nytimes.com/1995/01/06/arts/art-review-the-new-irreverent-approach-to-mounting-exhibitions.html) . New York Times . Retrieved April 1, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Esquire_8-0) "Chicks up Front!". Esquire (/wiki/Esquire_(magazine)) . Hearst Corporation (/wiki/Hearst_Corporation) . February 1969. ^ (#cite_ref-Essence_9-0) "Virginia Slims". Essence (/wiki/Essence_(magazine)) . August 1977. ^ (#cite_ref-Jet_10-0) "Virginia Slims". Jet (/wiki/Jet_(magazine)) . Johnson Publishing Company (/wiki/Johnson_Publishing_Company) . 1975. ^ (#cite_ref-NYT3_11-0) Trebay, Guy (October 21, 2021). "An East Village Boutique Where the Avant-Garde Gathered" (https://www.nytimes.com/2021/10/21/style/knobkerry-east-village-boutique.html) . New York Times . Retrieved April 2, 2022 . 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(Redirected from Trappist habit (/w/index.php?title=Trappist_habit&redirect=no) ) Distinctive set of garments worn by members of a religious order This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Religious_habit) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Religious habit" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Religious+habit%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Religious+habit%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Religious+habit%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Religious+habit%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Religious+habit%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Religious+habit%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( February 2021 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) St. Anthony the Great (/wiki/Anthony_the_Great) , wearing the habit of a Coptic (/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_of_Alexandria) monk. Part of a series (/wiki/Category:Formal_wear) on Western dress codes (/wiki/Western_dress_codes) and corresponding attires (/wiki/Clothing) Formal (/wiki/Formal_wear) ( full dress (/wiki/Western_dress_codes#Full_dress,_half_dress,_and_undress) ) White tie (/wiki/White_tie) Morning dress (/wiki/Morning_dress) Full dress uniform (/wiki/Full_dress_uniform) Frock coat (/wiki/Frock_coat) Evening gown (/wiki/Evening_gown) Ball gown (/wiki/Ball_gown) Semi-formal (/wiki/Semi-formal_wear) ( half dress (/wiki/Western_dress_codes#Full_dress,_half_dress,_and_undress) ) Black tie (/wiki/Black_tie) Black lounge suit (/wiki/Black_lounge_suit) Mess dress uniform (/wiki/Mess_dress_uniform) Evening gown (/wiki/Evening_gown) Cocktail dress (/wiki/Cocktail_dress) Informal (/wiki/Informal_wear) ( undress (/wiki/Western_dress_codes#Full_dress,_half_dress,_and_undress) , "dress clothes") Suit (/wiki/Suit) Service dress uniform (/wiki/Service_dress_uniform) Cocktail dress (/wiki/Cocktail_dress) Pantsuit (/wiki/Pantsuit) Casual (/wiki/Casual_wear) (anything not above) Business casual (/wiki/Business_casual) Casual Friday (/wiki/Casual_Friday) Combat uniform (/wiki/Combat_uniform) Smart casual (/wiki/Smart_casual) Workwear (/wiki/Workwear) Streetwear (/wiki/Streetwear) Sportswear (/wiki/Sportswear) known as Sportswear (fashion) (/wiki/Sportswear_(fashion)) and Athleisure (/wiki/Athleisure) Undress (/wiki/Undress_code) Supplementary alternatives Ceremonial dress (/wiki/Ceremonial_dress) law courts (/wiki/Court_dress) royal courts (/wiki/Court_uniform_and_dress_in_the_United_Kingdom) diplomatic (/wiki/Diplomatic_uniform) academic (/wiki/Academic_dress) , etc. Religious clothing (/wiki/Religious_clothing) cassock (/wiki/Cassock) , habit , etc. Folk costume (/wiki/Folk_costume) Distinctions Orders (/wiki/Order_(distinction)) medals (/wiki/Medal) , etc. Legend: = Day (before 6 p.m.) = Evening (after 6 p.m.) = Bow tie (/wiki/Bow_tie) colour = Ladies = Gentlemen Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) v t e A religious habit is a distinctive set of religious clothing (/wiki/Religious_clothing) worn by members of a religious order (/wiki/Religious_order) . Traditionally some plain garb recognizable as a religious habit has also been worn by those leading the religious eremitic (/wiki/Hermit) and anchoritic (/wiki/Anchorite) life, although in their case without conformity to a particular uniform style. Uniformity and distinctiveness by order often evolved and changed over time. Interpretation of terms for clothes in religious rules could change over centuries. Furthermore, every time new communities gained importance in a cultural area the need for visual separation increased for new as well as old communities. Thus, modern habits are rooted in historic forms, but do not necessarily resemble them in cut, colour, material, detail or use. In Christian monastic (/wiki/Christian_monasticism) orders of the Catholic (/wiki/Catholic_church) , Lutheran (/wiki/Lutheranism) and Anglican (/wiki/Anglicanism) Churches, the habit often consists of a tunic (/wiki/Tunic) covered by a scapular (/wiki/Scapular) and cowl (/wiki/Cowl) , with a hood for monks (/wiki/Monk) or friars (/wiki/Friar) and a veil (/wiki/Veil) for nuns (/wiki/Nun) ; in apostolic orders it may be a distinctive form of cassock (/wiki/Cassock) for men, or a distinctive habit and veil for women. Catholic Canon Law (/wiki/Canon_Law) requires only that the garb of their members be in some way identifiable so that the person may serve as a witness of the Evangelical counsels (/wiki/Evangelical_counsels) . In many orders, the conclusion of postulancy (/wiki/Postulant) and the beginning of the novitiate (/wiki/Novitiate) is marked by a ceremony, in which the new novice is accepted as a novice and then clothed in the community's habit by the superior (/wiki/General_superior) . In some cases the novice's habit will be somewhat different from the customary habit: for instance, in certain orders of women that use the veil (/wiki/Veil) , it is common for novices to wear a white veil while professed members wear black, or if the order generally wears white, the novice wears a grey veil. Among some Franciscan (/wiki/Franciscan) communities of men, novices wear a sort of overshirt over their tunic; Carthusian (/wiki/Carthusian) novices wear a black cloak over their white habit. Buddhism [ edit ] Monks from Central Asia (/wiki/Central_Asia) and China (/wiki/China) wearing traditional kāṣāya; Bezeklik (/wiki/Bezeklik) , Eastern Tarim Basin (/wiki/Tarim_Basin) , China, 9th–10th century Kāṣāya ( Sanskrit (/wiki/Sanskrit_language) : काषाय , romanized (/wiki/Romanization_of_Sanskrit) : kāṣāya ; Pali (/wiki/Pali) : kasāva; Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 袈裟 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : jiāshā ; Cantonese Jyutping (/wiki/Jyutping) : gaa 1 saa 1 ; Japanese (/wiki/Japanese_language) : 袈裟 kesa ; Korean (/wiki/Korean_language) : 袈裟 가사 gasa ; Vietnamese (/wiki/Vietnamese_language) : cà-sa ), "chougu" ( Tibetan (/wiki/Standard_Tibetan) ) are the robes of Buddhist (/wiki/Buddhism) monks (/wiki/Bhikkhu) and nuns (/wiki/Bhikkhuni) , named after a brown or saffron dye. In Sanskrit and Pali, these robes are also given the more general term cīvara , which references the robes without regard to color. Origin and construction [ edit ] An early representation of the Buddha (/wiki/Gautama_Buddha) wearing kāṣāya robes, in the Hellenistic (/wiki/Hellenistic) style Buddhist kāṣāya are said to have originated in India (/wiki/India) as set of robes for the devotees of Gautama Buddha (/wiki/Gautama_Buddha) . A notable variant has a pattern reminiscent of an Asian rice field. Original kāṣāya were constructed of discarded fabric (/wiki/Textile) . These were stitched together to form three rectangular pieces of cloth, which were then fitted over the body in a specific manner. The three main pieces of cloth are the antarvāsa , the uttarāsaṅga , and the saṃghāti . [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKieschnick200390-1) Together they form the "triple robe", or tricīvara . The tricīvara is described more fully in the Theravāda (/wiki/Therav%C4%81da) Vinaya (/wiki/Vinaya) (Vin 1:94 289). Uttarāsaṅga [ edit ] A robe covering the upper body. It is worn over the undergarment, or antarvāsa. In representations of the Buddha, the uttarāsaṅga rarely appears as the uppermost garment, since it is often covered by the outer robe, or saṃghāti. Saṃghāti [ edit ] The saṃghāti is an outer robe used for various occasions. It comes over the upper robe ( uttarāsaṅga ), and the undergarment ( antarvāsa ). In representations of the Buddha, the saṃghāti is usually the most visible garment, with the undergarment or uttarāsaṅga protruding at the bottom. It is quite similar in shape to the Greek himation (/wiki/Himation) , and its shape and folds have been treated in Greek style in the Greco-Buddhist art (/wiki/Greco-Buddhist_art) of Gandhāra (/wiki/Gandh%C4%81ra) . Additions [ edit ] Other items that may have been worn with the triple robe were: a waist cloth, the kushalaka a buckled belt, the samakaksika Indian depiction of the Buddha wearing red robes; Sanskrit manuscript, Nālandā (/wiki/N%C4%81land%C4%81) , Bihar (/wiki/Bihar) , India, Pāla period Kāṣāya in Indian Buddhism [ edit ] In India, variations of the kāṣāya robe distinguished different types of monastics. These represented the different schools that they belonged to, and their robes ranged widely from red and ochre, to blue and black. [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKieschnick200389-2) Between 148 and 170 CE, the Parthian (/wiki/Parthia) monk An Shigao (/wiki/An_Shigao) came to China and translated a work which describes the color of monastic robes utilized in five major Indian Buddhist sects, called Dà Bǐqiū Sānqiān Wēiyí (Ch. 大比丘三千威儀). [3] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHino200455-3) Another text translated at a later date, the Śariputraparipṛcchā , contains a very similar passage corroborating this information, but the colors for the Sarvāstivāda and Dharmaguptaka sects are reversed. [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHino200455–56-4) [5] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESujato2012i-5) Nikāya Dà Bǐqiū Sānqiān Wēiyí Śariputraparipṛcchā Sarvāstivāda (/wiki/Sarvastivada) Deep Red Black Dharmaguptaka (/wiki/Dharmaguptaka) Black Deep Red Mahāsāṃghika (/wiki/Mahasamghika) Yellow Yellow Mahīśāsaka (/wiki/Mahisasaka) Blue Blue Kaśyapīya (/wiki/Kasyapiya) Magnolia Magnolia In traditions of Tibetan Buddhism (/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism) , which follow the Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya, red robes are regarded as characteristic of the Mūlasarvāstivādins. [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMohrTsedroen2010266-6) According to Dudjom Rinpoche from the tradition of Tibetan Buddhism, the robes of fully ordained Mahāsāṃghika monastics were to be sewn out of more than seven sections, but no more than twenty-three sections. [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTERinpoche199916-7) The symbols sewn on the robes were the endless knot (/wiki/Endless_knot) (Skt. śrīvatsa ) and the conch shell (Skt. śaṅkha ), two of the Eight Auspicious Signs (/wiki/Ashtamangala) in Buddhism. [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTERinpoche199916-7) Jiāshā in Chinese Buddhism [ edit ] In Chinese Buddhism (/wiki/Chinese_Buddhism) , the kāṣāya is called gāsā (Ch. 袈裟). During the early period of Chinese Buddhism (/wiki/Chinese_Buddhism) , the most common color was red. Later, the color of the robes came to serve as a way to distinguish monastics, just as they did in India. However, the colors of a Chinese Buddhist monastic's robes often corresponded to their geographical region rather than to any specific schools. [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKieschnick200389-2) By the maturation of Chinese Buddhism, only the Dharmaguptaka ordination lineage was still in use, and therefore the color of robes served no useful purpose as a designation for sects, the way that it had in India. Kesa in Japanese Buddhism [ edit ] Japanese Buddhist priest's mantle ( kesa ), 1775–1825, LACMA (/wiki/LACMA) textile collections In Japanese Buddhism (/wiki/Japanese_Buddhism) , the kāṣāya is known as the kesa ( 袈裟 ) . In Japan, during the Edo (/wiki/Edo_period) and Meiji periods (/wiki/Meiji_period) , kesa were sometimes pieced together from the theatrical kimono (/wiki/Kimono) used in Noh theatre (/wiki/Noh_theatre) . Christianity [ edit ] Religious clothing includes habits Catholicism [ edit ] Pope John Paul II (/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II) in his post-apostolic Exhortation Vita consecrata (1996) says concerning the religious habit of consecrated (/wiki/Consecrated_life) persons: §25 [...] The Church must always seek to make her presence visible in everyday life, especially in contemporary culture, which is often very secularized and yet sensitive to the language of signs. In this regard the Church has a right to expect a significant contribution from consecrated persons, called as they are in every situation to bear clear witness that they belong to Christ. Since the habit is a sign of consecration, poverty and membership in a particular Religious family, I join the Fathers of the Synod in strongly recommending to men and women religious that they wear their proper habit, suitably adapted to the conditions of time and place. Where valid reasons of their apostolate call for it, Religious, in conformity with the norms of their Institute, may also dress in a simple and modest manner, with an appropriate symbol, in such a way that their consecration is recognizable. Institutes which from their origin or by provision of their Constitutions do not have a specific habit should ensure that the dress of their members corresponds in dignity and simplicity to the nature of their vocation. Nuns [ edit ] A nun of the Poor Clares of Perpetual Adoration (/wiki/Poor_Clares_of_Perpetual_Adoration) in her cloister Traditional Catholic nuns The religious habits of Catholic nuns typically consist of the following elements: Tunic : This is the central piece of the habit. It is a loose dress made of serge (/wiki/Serge_(fabric)) fabric pleated at the neck and draping to the ground. It can be worn pinned up in the front or in the back to allow the nun to work. Scapular (/wiki/Scapular) : This symbolic apron hangs from both front and back; it is worn over the tunic, and Benedictine (/wiki/Benedictine) nuns also wear it over the belt, whereas some other orders wear it tied under the belt. Cincture : The habit is often secured around the waist with a belt of leather, wool or a lanyard. The cincture of the Franciscan orders has three (or four) knots standing for the vows. Coif (/wiki/Coif) : This is the garment's headpiece and includes the white cotton cap secured by a bandeau (/wiki/Bandeau) and a white wimple (/wiki/Wimple) (to cover the neck and cheeks) and guimpe (/wiki/Guimpe) (to cover the chest, similar to a short cape) of starched linen, cotton, or (today) polyester. It is sometimes covered by a thin layer of black crêpe (/wiki/Cr%C3%AApe_(textile)) . Veil (/wiki/Black_veil) : This element is worn pinned over the coif head coverings. Some veils can be worn down to cover the face or up to expose it. The veil sometimes includes a white underveil as well. The colour of the veil depends as well from the habit of the order and the status of the sister or nun (novices or postulants wear differently coloured veils than the professed sisters and nuns). The coif and veil were common items of clothing for married women in medieval Europe. [ citation needed ] Different orders adhere to different styles of dress; these styles have changed over time. Sisters [ edit ] Sisters of the Daughters of Mary in traditional habit Missionaries of Charity (/wiki/Missionaries_of_Charity) sisters in Haiti, wearing the order's traditional white sari with blue stripes This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religious_habit&action=edit&section=) . ( February 2021 ) Historically, the religious habit of Catholic sisters (/wiki/Religious_sister) was a visible sign of a woman's consecration to God. [8] (#cite_note-8) Different orders adhere to different styles of dress; these styles have changed over time. For example, in former times, the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul (/wiki/Daughters_of_Charity_of_Saint_Vincent_de_Paul) wore a cornette (/wiki/Cornette) instead of a veil. Due the ecclesiastical document Perfectae caritatis (/wiki/Perfectae_caritatis) , many congregations decided to simplify their habits, to conform to the attire of the culture they are working in, or to even discard their use entirely. While styles vary, for those wearing the traditional habit, three pieces are consistently worn: tunic (robe), belt/cincture, veil. The habit of some Dominican Sisters (/wiki/Dominican_Sisters) consists of a tunic, belt (cincture), scapular, veil, rosary, and on formal occasions a cappa (mantle). [9] (#cite_note-9) Even for orders that have chosen not to wear a habit, these sisters often share a common appearance: calf-length skirt, blouse or sweater, visible cross necklace. Monks [ edit ] Carthusian monks of the Chartreuse de Portes Monks in the Catholic church wear a tunic, a cincture (/wiki/Cincture) , a hooded scapular, and, for the Liturgy of the Hours (/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Hours) , a mantle (novices) or a cowl (professed monks). [ citation needed ] Friars [ edit ] This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religious_habit&action=edit&section=) . ( February 2021 ) Canons regular [ edit ] This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religious_habit&action=edit&section=) . ( February 2021 ) Owing to the different traditions and origins that exist, there is no singular common habit worn by the Canons Regular (/wiki/Canons_Regular) . Historically the common habit was the distinctive white cassock, with white fascia, over time some communities of Canons have changed to wearing the black cassock with black fascia. The only item of the habit that is common to all Canons is the linen rochet (/wiki/Rochet) a mark of the canonical status. In the Netherlands, some wore a cacullae (a small asymmetrical black cope (/wiki/Cope) of cloth or sheepskin.) Some communities of canons, notably in Austria and Switzerland wear a sarotium, coming from the Latin sacrum rochettum , 'the sacred rochet'. It is a thin band of linen worn over the cassock when not in choir. As part of their choir dress, some communities of Canons wear a mozzetta, either black or purple over the rochet. Outdoors Canons wear a black cloak and hood, but again adaptations have been made to this in some of the communities. Canons also traditionally wore a biretta (/wiki/Biretta) . Clergy [ edit ] This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religious_habit&action=edit&section=) . ( March 2017 ) Usually, secular priests (/wiki/Secular_clergy) wear either a black cassock (/wiki/Cassock) or an ordinary men's garb in black or another dark color along with a white clerical collar (/wiki/Clerical_collar) . White cassocks or clothes may be worn in hot climates. Also, a ferraiolo (a kind of cope) could be worn along with the cassock. Priests also traditionally wore a biretta (/wiki/Biretta) along with the cassock. Deacons, priests, and bishops belonging to religious institutes (/wiki/Religious_institute) wear the habit of their institute. Abbot or cardinal [ edit ] Main article: Pontifical vestments (/wiki/Pontifical_vestments) Latin Church (/wiki/Latin_Church) clergy other than bishops, in particular any who are abbots (/wiki/Abbot) or apostolic prefects (/wiki/Apostolic_prefect) or ordinary of a personal ordinariate, may wear pontifical items. Mitre, crosier and ring are bestowed on an abbot at his blessing and the pectoral cross is a customary part of an abbatial habit. [ citation needed ] Catholic habits gallery [ edit ] The religious habit of the Carmelite Order (/wiki/Carmelites) is brown and includes the Scapular of Our Lady of Mount Carmel (/wiki/Scapular_of_Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel) (also known as Brown Scapular) The religious habit of the Hieronymite enclosed monks and nuns (/wiki/Hieronymites) is white and includes a brown scapular The religious habit of the Sisters of the Good Shepherd (/wiki/Congregation_of_Our_Lady_of_Charity_of_the_Good_Shepherd) (and also of the Sisters from the Order of Our Lady of Charity) is white, with a white scapular, a black veil and a large silver heart on the breast The religious habit of the Sisters of Mary Reparatrix (/wiki/Sisters_of_Mary_Reparatrix) is white, with a blue scapular, a white and blue veil and a large golden heart on the breast The religious habit of the Franciscan (/wiki/Franciscan) Order of Friars Minor (/wiki/Friars_Minor) and Friars Minor Capuchin (/wiki/Order_of_Friars_Minor_Capuchin) is usually brown or gray; the habit of the Order of Friars Minor Conventual (/wiki/Conventual_Franciscans) and Third Order Regular is black, although the Order of Friars Minor Conventual is returning to the grey habit worldwide The religious habit of the Benedictines (/wiki/Benedictines) is black (the style varies depending upon the monastery) The religious habit of the Carthusians (/wiki/Carthusians) is white. A similar habit is used by the Monastic Family of Bethlehem, of the Assumption of the Virgin and of Saint Bruno (/wiki/Monastic_Family_of_Bethlehem,_of_the_Assumption_of_the_Virgin_and_of_Saint_Bruno) The religious habit of the Dominicans (/wiki/Dominican_Order) is black and white Cistercians (/wiki/Cistercians) in their religious habit (with the black scapular (/wiki/Scapular) ) The religious habit of the Clarisses (/wiki/Clarisses) (also known as Poor Clares (/wiki/Poor_Clares) ) is brown, with a black veil The religious habit of the Sisters of the Annunciation (/wiki/Order_of_the_Annunciation_of_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary) is white, with a red scapular and a black veil The religious habit (based on the Indian sari (/wiki/Sari) ) of the Missionaries of Charity (/wiki/Missionaries_of_Charity) , founded by Mother Teresa of Calcutta (/wiki/Mother_Teresa) The religious habit of the Trinitarian Order (/wiki/Trinitarian_Order) is white with a distinctive cross with a blue horizontal bar and a red vertical bar The religious habit of the Sisters of the Incarnate Word and Blessed Sacrament (/wiki/Order_of_the_Incarnate_Word_and_Blessed_Sacrament) is white, with a red scapular and a black veil Oratorians (/wiki/Oratory_of_Jesus) wear roughly the same vestments as parish priests (/wiki/Priest) . The distinctive Oratorian clerical collar consists of white cloth that folds over the collar all around the neck. Sisters belonging to the Daughters of Charity (/wiki/Daughters_of_Charity_of_Saint_Vincent_de_Paul) with the cornette which used to be common Religious habit of a Trappist (/wiki/Trappists) monk Religious habit of a Premonstratensian (/wiki/Premonstratensian) canon Pauline (/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Paul_the_First_Hermit) Pius Przeździecki The Mercedarians (/wiki/Mercedarian_Order) wear white The religious habit of a Minims (/wiki/Minims_(religious_order)) friar; it consists of a black tunic, a scapular with a capuche and a black cincture with four knots (four vows) Lutheranism [ edit ] In Lutheranism (/wiki/Lutheranism) , various religious orders (/wiki/Religious_order) have a habit of a different colour. The Daughters of Mary (/wiki/Daughters_of_Mary_(Lutheran)) wear a blue habit. [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDuBois201790-10) Anglicanism [ edit ] Further information: Anglican religious order (/wiki/Anglican_religious_order) Eastern Orthodoxy [ edit ] The Analavos , worn by Orthodox monks and nuns of the Great Schema The Eastern Orthodox Church (/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church) does not have distinct religious orders such as those in the Catholic Church. The habit ( Greek (/wiki/Greek_language) : Σχήμα , romanized (/wiki/Romanization_of_Greek) : Schēma ) is essentially the same throughout the world. The normal monastic color is black, symbolic of repentance and simplicity. The habits of monks and nuns are identical; additionally, nuns wear a scarf, called an apostolnik (/wiki/Apostolnik) . The habit is bestowed in degrees, as the monk or nun advances in the spiritual life. There are three degrees: (1) the beginner, known as the Rassaphore ('robe bearer') (2) the intermediate, known as the Stavrophore ('cross bearer'), and (3) the Great Schema worn by Great Schema Monks or Nuns. Only the last, the Schemamonk or Schemanun, the monastic of the highest degree, wears the full habit. The habit is formally bestowed upon monks and nuns at the ceremony known as the tonsure (/wiki/Tonsure) (Greek κουρά ). The parts of the Eastern Orthodox habit are: Inner Rason ( Greek (/wiki/Greek_language) : Έσώρασον , Ζωστικὸν or Ἀντερί , Esórason ; Slavonic (/wiki/Church_Slavonic) : Podryásnik ): The inner rason (/wiki/Cassock#Eastern_practice_.28Orthodox_and_Eastern_Catholic.29) (cassock) is the innermost garment. It is a long, collared garment coming to the feet, with narrow, tapered sleeves. Unlike the Roman cassock, it is double-breasted. The inner rason is the basic garment and is worn at all times, even when working. It is often given to novices (/wiki/Novice) and seminarians (/wiki/Seminarian) , though this differs from community to community. The inner rason is also worn by chanters (/wiki/Chanter) , readers (/wiki/Reader_(liturgy)) , and the married clergy. For monks and nuns, it symbolizes the vow (/wiki/Religious_vows) of poverty (/wiki/Poverty#Relative_poverty) . Belt (Greek: Ζώνη , Zone ; Slavonic: Poyas ): The belt worn by Orthodox monks and nuns is normally leather, though sometimes it is of cloth. In the Russian tradition, married clergy, as well as the higher monastic clergy, may wear a cloth belt that is finely embroidered (/wiki/Embroidery) , especially on feast days (/wiki/Great_Feasts) . The belt is symbolic of the vow of chastity (/wiki/Chastity) . Paramand (Greek: Παραμανδύας , Paramandýas ; Slavonic: Paraman ): The Paramand is a piece of cloth, approximately 5 inches (130 mm) square which is attached by ribbons to a wooden cross. The cloth is embroidered with a cross and the Instruments of the Passion (/wiki/Passion_(Christianity)#Instruments_of_the_Passion) . The wooden cross is worn over the chest, then the ribbons pass over and under the arms, like a yoke (/wiki/Yoke) , and hold the square cloth centered on the back. The paramand is symbolic of the yoke of Christ (Matthew 11:29–30). [11] (#cite_note-11) Outer Rason ( a.k.a. , Greek: εξώρασον, exorason or simply ράσο, raso ; Slavonic: ryasa ): Among the Greeks it is worn by readers and all higher clerics; among the Russians it is worn only by monks, deacons, priests, and bishops. Analavos (Greek: Άνάλαβος; Slavonic: Analav ): The distinctive dress of the Great Schema is the analavos, and it is worn only by Schemamonks and Schemanuns. Traditionally made of either leather or wool, the analavos covers the shoulders, and then comes down in the front and back, forming a cross (see illustration, above right). Polystavrion (Greek: Πολυσταύριον, lit. "many crosses"): The polystavrion is a long cord that has been plaited with numerous crosses forming a yoke that is worn over the analavos to hold it in place. Mantle (Greek: Μανδύας, Mandías ; Slavonic: Mantíya ): The Mantle (/wiki/Mantle_(vesture)) is a long, full cape, joined at the neck which the monastic wears over the other parts of the habit. St. Tikhon of Moscow (/wiki/Tikhon_of_Moscow) wearing the patriarchal white koukoulion Kalymafki (a.k.a. Kalimavkion (/wiki/Kalimavkion) , Greek: καλυμαύκι; Slavonic: klobuk): The distinctive headdress (/wiki/Headdress) of Eastern Orthodox monks and nuns is the kalymafki, a stiffened hat, something like a fez (/wiki/Fez_(clothing)) , only black and with straight sides, covered with a veil (/wiki/Veil) . The veil has lappets which hang down on each side of the head and a stylized hood falling down the back. For monastics of the Great Schema, the kalymafki takes a very distinctive shape, known as a koukoulion (/wiki/Cowl) (cowl), and is embroidered with the Instruments of the Passion. The koukoulion is also worn by the Patriarchs of several local churches, regardless of whether or not he has been tonsured to that degree. In the Slavic tradition, the koukoulion will be in the form of a cloth hood, similar to that worn on the Western cowl. Outside church, monastics wear a soft hat known as a Skufia (/wiki/Skufia) . Again, for Schemamonks and Schemanuns it is embroidered with the Instruments of the Passion. The portions of the habit worn by the various degrees of monastics is as follows: Rasophore Stavrophore Great Schema Inner Rason Inner Rason Inner Rason Belt Belt Belt Paramand Paramand Outer Rason Outer Rason Outer Rason Analavos Mantle (Russian use only) Mantle Polystavrion Kalymafki Kalymafki Koukoulion Eastern Orthodox habits gallery [ edit ] Inner Rason worn by Polish Orthodox Church (/wiki/Polish_Orthodox_Church) cleric Monk at the Mount Athos, 1850s Hinduism [ edit ] This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religious_habit&action=edit&section=) . ( March 2017 ) In Hinduism, religious clothing is a huge element of an individual’s life. [ citation needed ] Most Hindus are known to wear a religious pendant in their daily life to show their faith in God. Hindu women cover their heads with scarf as a sign of respect for not only religion but also their husbands. [ citation needed ] In India, most devoted Hindus are seen wearing a tilak and orange clothing depicting devotion to their religion. [ citation needed ] Most Hindu Pandits (/wiki/Pandit) are either seen in a white or orange (kesari) religious clothing in India. [ citation needed ] Brahmin Hindus are most known for their devotion to the religion among all Hindus. They are seen wearing religious habits at various important moments in their life. [ citation needed ] Islam [ edit ] See also: Islamic clothing (/wiki/Islamic_clothing) Islam does not have religious habits or monastic orders. Muslim ascetics do not have particular uniforms, but rather dress in humble clothing appropriate to their era and region. [ citation needed ] Jainism [ edit ] Female ascetics and Śvetāmbara (/wiki/%C5%9Avet%C4%81mbara) male monks always wear un-stitched or minimally stitched white clothes. Digambara (/wiki/Digambara) Jain monks do not wear clothes. A loin cloth which reaches up to the shins is called a Cholapattak. Another cloth to cover the upper part of the body is called Pangarani (Uttariya Vastra). A cloth that passes over the left shoulder and covers the body up to a little above the ankle is called a Kïmli. Kïmli is a woolen shawl. They also carry a woolen bed sheet and a woolen mat to sit on. Those who wear clothes have a muhapati (/wiki/Muhapati) , which is a square or rectangular piece of cloth of a prescribed measurement, either in their hand or tied on their face covering the mouth. Śvetāmbara ascetics have an Ogho or Rajoharan (a broom of woolen threads) to clean insects around their sitting place or while they are walking. Digambara ascetics have a Morpichhi and a Kamandal in their hands. This practice may vary among different sects of Jains but essential principle remains the same to limit needs. Shinto [ edit ] In Japan, various types of very traditional dress are worn by Shinto (/wiki/Shinto) priests, often dating to styles worn by nobles during the Nara period (/wiki/Nara_period) or Heian period (/wiki/Heian_period) . Hakama (/wiki/Hakama) ( 袴 ) are a type of traditional Japanese clothing (/wiki/Japanese_clothing) , originally worn only by men, but today they are worn by both sexes. There are two types, divided umanori ( 馬乗り , "horse-riding hakama ") and undivided andon bakama ( 行灯袴 , "lantern hakama ") . The umanori type have divided legs, similar to trousers (/wiki/Trousers) , but both types appear similar. Hakama are tied at the waist and fall approximately to the ankles, and are worn over a kimono (/wiki/Kimono) (hakamashita), with the kimono then appearing like a shirt. A Jōe (/wiki/J%C5%8De) ( 浄衣 ) is a garment worn in Japan by people attending religious ceremonies and activities, including Buddhist and Shinto related occasions. Not only Shinto (/wiki/Shinto) and Buddhist priests can be found wearing Jōe at rituals, but laymen as well, for example when participating in pilgrimage such as the Shikoku Pilgrimage (/wiki/Shikoku_Pilgrimage) . The garment is usually white or yellow and is made of linen or silk depending on its kind and use. The Shinto priest who wears the jōe is attired in a peaked cap (/wiki/Cap) called tate-eboshi , an outer tunic called the jōe proper, an outer robe called jōe no sodegukuri no o , an undergarment called hitoe , ballooning trousers called sashinuki or nubakama , and a girdle called jōe no ate-obi . See also [ edit ] Degrees of Eastern Orthodox monasticism (/wiki/Degrees_of_Eastern_Orthodox_monasticism) Religious dress (/wiki/Religious_dress) Tonsure (/wiki/Tonsure) Zucchetto (/wiki/Zucchetto) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKieschnick200390_1-0) Kieschnick 2003 (#CITEREFKieschnick2003) , p. 90. ^ a b Kieschnick 2003 (#CITEREFKieschnick2003) , p. 89. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHino200455_3-0) Hino 2004 (#CITEREFHino2004) , p. 55. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHino200455–56_4-0) Hino 2004 (#CITEREFHino2004) , pp. 55–56. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESujato2012i_5-0) Sujato 2012 (#CITEREFSujato2012) , p. i. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMohrTsedroen2010266_6-0) Mohr & Tsedroen 2010 (#CITEREFMohrTsedroen2010) , p. 266. ^ a b Rinpoche 1999 (#CITEREFRinpoche1999) , p. 16. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Why do nuns (and monks) wear habits?" (https://aleteia.org/2020/07/09/why-do-nuns-and-others-in-religious-life-wear-habits/) . Aleteia — Catholic Spirituality, Lifestyle, World News, and Culture . 2020-07-09 . Retrieved 2024-02-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Our Religious Habit" (https://houstondominicans.org/our-religious-habit) . Dominican Sisters . Retrieved 2021-02-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDuBois201790_10-0) DuBois 2017 (#CITEREFDuBois2017) , p. 90. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Matthew 11:29–30 (https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Matthew%2011:29–30&version=nrsv) Bibliography [ edit ] DuBois, Thomas A. (12 December 2017). Sacred to the Touch: Nordic and Baltic Religious Wood Carving . University of Washington Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-295-74242-7 . Hino, Shoun (2004). Three Mountains and Seven Rivers . Motilal Banarsidass Publ. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-81-208-2468-3 . Kieschnick, John (2003). The Impact of Buddhism on Chinese Material Culture . Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press. Rinpoche, Dudjom (1999). Perfect Conduct: Ascertaining the Three Vows . Wisdom Publications. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0861710836 . Sujato, Bhante (/wiki/Bhante_Sujato) (2012). Sects & Sectarianism: The Origins of Buddhist Schools . Santipada. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781921842085 . Mohr, Thea; Tsedroen, Jampa, eds. (2010). Dignity and Discipline: Reviving Full Ordination for Buddhist Nuns . Simon and Schuster. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0861715886 . Further reading [ edit ] Dwyer-McNulty, Sally (2014). Common Threads: A Cultural History of Clothing in American Catholicism . Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4696-1409-0 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Religious habits (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Religious_habits) . New Catholic Dictionary (https://web.archive.org/web/20070107022157/https://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/ncd03798.htm) Images of medieval monks and nuns in the dress of their Orders (http://www.historyfish.net/monastics/monasticorders.html) (Public Domain images and text) Many photographs of nuns and sisters in the dress of their respective orders (http://www.nunsandsisters.com/Photographs.html) Catholic Sisters International Collection, University of Dayton Special Collections (http://digital.udayton.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/nuns) (photographs of reproductions of over 130 religious habits) v t e Consecrated life (/wiki/Consecrated_life) in the Catholic Church (/wiki/Catholic_Church) Types (/wiki/Institute_of_consecrated_life) Consecrated virgin (/wiki/Consecrated_virgin) Hermit (/wiki/Hermit) Religious institute (/wiki/Religious_institute) Orders (/wiki/Religious_order_(Catholic)) Monastic (/wiki/Christian_monasticism) Cenobitic (/wiki/Cenobitic_monasticism) Chapter 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Find sources: "BuyCostumes.com" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22BuyCostumes.com%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22BuyCostumes.com%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22BuyCostumes.com%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22BuyCostumes.com%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22BuyCostumes.com%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22BuyCostumes.com%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( March 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) BuyCostumes.com Industry Retail (/wiki/Retail) Founded 1999 Headquarters New Berlin, Wisconsin (/wiki/New_Berlin,_Wisconsin) Key people Rick Barton CEO (/wiki/Chief_Executive_Officer) Products Costumes (/wiki/Costume) , party supplies, Halloween (/wiki/Halloween) décor, Halloween costumes (/wiki/Halloween_costume) Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) BuySeasons Inc. (Rubie's) Website www (http://www.buycostumes.com/) .buycostumes (http://www.buycostumes.com/) .com (http://www.buycostumes.com/) BuyCostumes.com is a US-based costume (/wiki/Costume) retailer (/wiki/Retailer) headquartered in New Berlin, Wisconsin (/wiki/New_Berlin,_Wisconsin) . It is an e-commerce (/wiki/E-commerce) company that sells costumes and costume accessories for children, adults, and pets. The retailer also sells party supplies for year-round occasions and seasonal indoor/outdoor décor. It is part of a family of costume and party brands owned by a larger corporate entity, BuySeasons Inc. that includes CostumeExpress.com and BirthdayExpress.com (/wiki/BirthdayExpress.com) . BuySeasons Inc. is a subsidiary of Rubie's Costume Company. BuyCostumes.com refers to itself as "The Online Leader in Halloween Costumes since 1999", offering more than 10 billion costume and accessory combinations. [1] (#cite_note-1) History [ edit ] 1999–2009 [ edit ] BuyCostumes.com and its parent company “BuySeasons Inc.”, were founded in 1999 by Jalem Getz and business partner Jon Majdoch as an online retailer of costumes and seasonal items. Originally located in Waukesha (/wiki/Waukesha,_Wisconsin) , the firm moved its corporate headquarters and distribution center to New Berlin (/wiki/New_Berlin,_Wisconsin) as it expanded, which is where it resides today. In August 2006 Liberty Media Corporation (/wiki/Liberty_Media_Corporation) purchased BuySeasons Inc., at which point it became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Liberty Media. In 2008, Liberty Media acquired Celebrate Express, parent of BirthdayExpress.com, and combined it with BuySeasons Inc. [2] (#cite_note-2) 2010s [ edit ] In December 2010, Getz left the company, turning over control to Dan Haight, who became President & CEO. [3] (#cite_note-3) Getz would later file suit against BuySeasons Inc. in 2011, alleging that the company had failed to honor various compensation agreements. [4] (#cite_note-4) In October 2011, BuyCostumes.com earned a Guinness World Record (/wiki/Guinness_World_Records) for the most people dressed as video game characters. The company assembled 425 of its employees to attempt the record. Costumes used in the record attempt were pre-approved by Guinness World Records. [5] (#cite_note-5) Dev Mukherjee, former SVP and President of Sears Holdings (/wiki/Sears_Holdings) ’ Home Appliances for stores and online, became the CEO of BuySeasons Inc. in 2013. [6] (#cite_note-6) Mukherjee was replaced the following year by Leisure Arts (/wiki/Leisure_Arts) CEO Rick Barton, marking the company's third CEO change in four years. [7] (#cite_note-7) In 2014, Liberty Interactive spun off BuySeasons Inc. and its stake in TripAdvisor into a new company, Liberty TripAdvisor Holdings. [8] (#cite_note-8) In 2017, Liberty TripAdvisor Holdings sold BuySeasons Inc. to costume manufacturer Rubie's Costume Company. [9] (#cite_note-9) Facilities [ edit ] BuyCostumes.com, as a part of parent company BuySeasons Inc. operates out of a 472,000 sq. ft. corporate headquarters in New Berlin, Wisconsin (near Milwaukee (/wiki/Milwaukee,_Wisconsin) ). The company also operates a satellite facility in Bothell, Washington (/wiki/Bothell,_Washington) that employs a product development team. The New Berlin campus houses the core of the company’s professional offices and its call center, as well as its warehouse and distribution/manufacturing center. The workforce employed at the campus annually quadruples in the weeks around Halloween to account for increased seasonal demand. [10] (#cite_note-10) In Media [ edit ] BuyCostumes.com provided costumes for a cosplay (/wiki/Cosplay) and LARP (/wiki/LARP) challenge on the Season 2 episode "To LARP or Not to LARP" of the TBS (/wiki/TBS_(U.S._TV_channel)) reality competition show (/wiki/Reality_competition) , King of the Nerds (/wiki/King_of_the_Nerds) . [11] (#cite_note-11) Contestants were required to create and perform a short LARP scene as four original characters and be judged by a celebrity panel. BuyCostumes.com was featured during a similar challenge on the Season 3 episode "And Now For Something Completely Different," and also provided the prizes for the members of the winning team. [12] (#cite_note-12) Orange Tuesday [ edit ] In 2013, BuySeasons Inc. filed the wordmark “Orange Tuesday” with the United States Trademark and Patent Office for use on BuyCostumes.com. The concept of Orange Tuesday is used by the retailer to denote the Tuesday after Labor Day (/wiki/Labor_Day) as the beginning of the Halloween season. [13] (#cite_note-13) According to CEO Dev Mukherjee, the movement was intended to spearhead the shopping season alongside all retailers, including brick-and-mortar firms such as Target (/wiki/Target_Corporation) and the competing Party City (/wiki/Party_City) . Other Wisconsin-based companies such as Mills Fleet Farm (/wiki/Mills_Fleet_Farm) and Lakefront Brewery (/wiki/Lakefront_Brewery,_Inc.) have been known to participate in the trend of using colors to name various shopping seasons. [14] (#cite_note-14) Response [ edit ] Media reception to Orange Tuesday has been mixed. Some critics, such as Nedra Rhone of The Atlanta Journal-Constitution (/wiki/The_Atlanta_Journal-Constitution) and Adam Tschorn of the Los Angeles Times (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times) , questioned the seasonal relevance of a Halloween-based event in September, while Rieva Lesonsky of SmallBizDaily.com remarked that it may be a “smart move,” considering Halloween’s growing popularity. [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Kramp, Brian. "Halloween comes to life at BuyCostumes.com" (http://fox6now.com/2013/10/01/halloween-comes-to-life-at-buycostumes-com/) . FOX6Now.com . Retrieved 2014-03-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Martinez, Amy; Allison, Melissa (2008-06-27). "Celebrate Express is being bought for $31 million" (http://www.seattletimes.com/business/local-business/celebrate-express-is-being-bought-for-31-million/) . The Seattle Times . Retrieved 2017-09-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Hajewski, Doris (2010-12-02). "Buyseasons CEO Getz resigns from costume retailer" (http://www.jsonline.com/business/111195274.html) . Jsonline.com . Retrieved 2014-03-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Hajewski, Doris (2011-05-24). "Former CEO sues BuySeasons over compensation" (http://www.jsonline.com/business/122510584.html) . Jsonline.com . Retrieved 2014-03-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Video: Mario and Angry Birds unite to break record for most people in video game character costumes" (http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2011/10/video-mario-and-angry-birds-unite-to-break-record-for-most-people-in-video-game-character-costumes/) . Guinness World Records. 2011-10-06 . Retrieved 2014-03-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Sears Loses Another Executive From Key Division" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/abrambrown/2012/03/08/report-sears-loses-another-executive-from-key-division/) . Forbes . 2012-08-03 . Retrieved 2014-03-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "BuySeasons replaces CEO" (http://www.jsonline.com/business/buyseasons-replaces-ceo-b99253749z1-256269621.html) . Jsonline.com. 2014-04-22 . Retrieved 2014-04-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Liberty Interactive files to spin off TripAdvisor stake" (https://www.reuters.com/article/us-libertyinteractive-divestiture/liberty-interactive-files-to-spin-off-stake-in-tripadvisor-idUSBREA450E320140506) . Reuters . 2014-05-06 . Retrieved 2017-09-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Romell, Rick (2017-07-05). "Competitor acquires New Berlin costume retailer BuySeasons" (http://www.jsonline.com/story/money/business/retail/2017/07/05/competitor-acquires-new-berlin-costume-retailer-buyseasons/452681001/) . Milwaukee Journal Sentinel . Retrieved 2017-09-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "BuySeasons makes moves beyond Halloween - Milwaukee - Milwaukee Business Journal" (http://www.bizjournals.com/milwaukee/print-edition/2011/09/23/buyseasons-makes-moves-beyond-halloween.html?page=all) . Bizjournals.com. 2011-09-23 . Retrieved 2014-03-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Johnston, James (13 Feb 2014). "Five Thoughts on King of the Nerds: "To LARP or Not to LARP" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140402121538/http://multiversitycomics.com/reviews/five-thoughts-on-king-of-the-nerds-to-larp-or-not-to-larp-review/) " (https://web.archive.org/web/20140402121538/http://multiversitycomics.com/reviews/five-thoughts-on-king-of-the-nerds-to-larp-or-not-to-larp-review/) . Multiversity Comics . Archived from the original (http://multiversitycomics.com/reviews/five-thoughts-on-king-of-the-nerds-to-larp-or-not-to-larp-review/) on 2014-04-02 . Retrieved 3 Mar 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Corley, Melissa (1 Feb 2015). "King of the Nerds 3 Blog Recap Episode 2: And Now For Something Different" (http://www.yourrealityrecaps.com/king-of-the-nerds-3-blog-recap-episode-2-and-now-for-something-different/) . YourRealityRecaps.com . Retrieved 3 Mar 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Day after Labor Day branded 'Orange Tuesday' for shoppers \| Money - WISN Home" (http://www.wisn.com/news/money/day-after-labor-day-branded-orange-tuesday-for-shoppers/21764618) . Wisn.com. 2013-09-03 . Retrieved 2014-03-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Romell, Rick (2013-08-29). "Halloween costume retailer BuySeasons seeks trademark on 'Orange Tuesday' (http://www.jsonline.com/blogs/business/221704251.html) " (http://www.jsonline.com/blogs/business/221704251.html) . JSOnline . Retrieved 2014-03-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Tschorn, Adam (2013-08-28). "Weigh in: Should 'Orange Tuesday' be Halloween's 'Black Friday'? - Los Angeles Times" (http://articles.latimes.com/2013/aug/28/news/la-ar-weigh-in-should-orange-tuesday-be-the-new-black-friday-20130828) . Articles.latimes.com . Retrieved 2014-03-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "In shopping, orange wants to be new black \| Atlanta Bargain Hunter" (http://www.ajc.com/weblogs/atlanta-bargain-hunter/2013/sep/02/shopping-orange-wants-be-new-black/) . www.ajc.com. 2013-08-30 . Retrieved 2014-03-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Are You Ready for Orange Tuesday?" (http://www.smallbizdaily.com/13254/are-you-ready-for-orange-tuesday/) . Small Biz Daily. 29 August 2013 . Retrieved 2014-03-27 . 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Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=BuyCostumes.com&oldid=1226058514 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=BuyCostumes.com&oldid=1226058514) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Retail companies established in 1999 (/wiki/Category:Retail_companies_established_in_1999) Internet properties established in 1999 (/wiki/Category:Internet_properties_established_in_1999) Online clothing retailers of the United States (/wiki/Category:Online_clothing_retailers_of_the_United_States) Waukesha County, Wisconsin (/wiki/Category:Waukesha_County,_Wisconsin) Companies based in Wisconsin (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Wisconsin) 1999 establishments in Wisconsin (/wiki/Category:1999_establishments_in_Wisconsin) Former Liberty Media subsidiaries (/wiki/Category:Former_Liberty_Media_subsidiaries) Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2020 (/wiki/Category:Companies_that_filed_for_Chapter_11_bankruptcy_in_2020) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles with a promotional tone from March 2014 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_a_promotional_tone_from_March_2014) All articles with a promotional tone (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_a_promotional_tone) Articles with topics of unclear notability from March 2014 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_topics_of_unclear_notability_from_March_2014) All articles with topics of unclear notability (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_topics_of_unclear_notability) Company articles with topics of unclear notability (/wiki/Category:Company_articles_with_topics_of_unclear_notability) Articles with multiple maintenance issues (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_multiple_maintenance_issues)

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