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Shoe company Common Projects Traded as (/wiki/Ticker_symbol) Private (/wiki/Privately_held_company) Industry Fashion Founded 2004 ; 20 years ago ( 2004 ) Founder Prathan Poopat, Flavio Girolami Products Footwear Website www (http://www.commonprojects.com) .commonprojects (http://www.commonprojects.com) .com (http://www.commonprojects.com) Common Projects is an American luxury (/wiki/Luxury_goods) footwear company founded in 2004 by Prathan Poopat, an American-based art director (/wiki/Art_director) , and Flavio Girolami, an Italian creative consultant (/wiki/Creative_consultant) . [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) The shoes are made in Italy (/wiki/Made_in_Italy) , and often use Italian Nappa leather (/wiki/Nappa_leather) . [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) History [ edit ] The company name came about as Poopat and Girolami were working on a number of 'common' projects together, the original 'Achilles' shoe included, while living in separate countries. [7] (#cite_note-lifeandtimes-7) All of their shoes feature a line of numbers along the heel, displaying the style, the size and color, respectively. [7] (#cite_note-lifeandtimes-7) In the brand’s early years, these numbers could be rubbed off, but, now, they are branded in gold foil. [8] (#cite_note-8) Common Projects were named "Sneaker of the Week" twice by GQ (/wiki/GQ_(magazine)) magazine. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Ortved, John (13 December 2013). "Fashion Sneakers: The Runaway Hit" (https://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303293604579256710942287716) . The Wall Street Journal (/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal) . Retrieved 2014-09-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Common Ground: A Conversation With Prathan Poopat And Flavio Girolami" (https://www.theline.com/shop/feature/a_conversation_with_prathan_poopat_and_flavio_girolami) . The Line . Retrieved 2014-09-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Johnson, Noah (2014-07-31). "Common Projects Makes More New Classics for Fall '14" (http://www.style.com/trends/industry/2014/common-projects-sneakers-fall-14) . Style.com (/wiki/Style.com) . Retrieved 2014-09-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Schneier, Matthew (25 June 2014). "At Men's Fashion Weeks, White Sneakers Appear On and Off the Runways" (https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/26/fashion/at-mens-fashion-weeks-white-sneakers-appear-on-and-off-the-runways.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . Retrieved 2014-09-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Xu, Bifen (2 October 2009). " (http://tmagazine.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/10/02/asked-and-answered-common-projects) "Asked and Answered | Common Projects" (http://tmagazine.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/10/02/asked-and-answered-common-projects) " (http://tmagazine.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/10/02/asked-and-answered-common-projects) . T: The New York Times Style Magazine (/wiki/T:_The_New_York_Times_Style_Magazine) . Retrieved 2014-09-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Common Projects - The Perfect Sneaker" (http://www.sneakerfreaker.com/articles/common-projects-the-perfect-sneaker) . Sneaker Freaker (/wiki/Sneaker_Freaker) . 2008-09-16 . Retrieved 2014-09-05 . ^ a b Breslin, Yale (2012-11-19). "Common Projects: Form & Function" (http://lifeandtimes.com/common-projects-form-function) . Life+Times . Retrieved 2014-09-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Common Projects: What to Know About the Footwear Brand" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/tag/common-projects/) . Highsnobiety . Retrieved 2020-08-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) DeLeon, Jian (2014-02-14). "Sneaker of the Week: Common Projects B-Ball Low: The GQ Eye" (https://www.gq.com/style/blogs/the-gq-eye/2014/02/common-projects-b-ball-low-sneaker.html) . GQ (/wiki/GQ) . Retrieved 2014-09-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Coats, Brian (2011-06-13). "Sneaker of the Week: Common Projects: The GQ Eye" (https://www.gq.com/style/blogs/the-gq-eye/2011/06/sneaker-of-the-week-common-projects.html) . GQ (/wiki/GQ) . Retrieved 2014-09-05 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.commonprojects.com) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6b48fcb9d6‐j2klm Cached time: 20240702235911 Cache expiry: 2505650 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.265 seconds Real time usage: 0.335 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1774/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 24289/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1338/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 38609/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.167/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6085468/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 313.837 1 -total 42.92% 134.709 1 Template:Reflist 37.25% 116.894 10 Template:Cite_web 31.73% 99.576 1 Template:Infobox_company 27.99% 87.837 1 Template:Infobox 21.54% 67.594 1 Template:Short_description 13.16% 41.298 2 Template:Pagetype 4.82% 15.128 8 Template:Main_other 3.90% 12.239 1 Template:SDcat 2.46% 7.735 1 Template:Start_date_and_age Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:43681563-0!canonical and timestamp 20240702235911 and revision id 1215570365. 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NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7d5b8b4778‐7kd76 Cached time: 20240704110717 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.001 seconds Real time usage: 0.002 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 1/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:55989266-0!canonical and timestamp 20240704110717 and revision id 814182406. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Minimalist clothing" The following 14 pages are in this category, out of 14 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . C Capsule wardrobe (/wiki/Capsule_wardrobe) H Huarache (running shoe) (/wiki/Huarache_(running_shoe)) K Koteka (/wiki/Koteka) Kynodesme (/wiki/Kynodesme) M Minimalist shoe (/wiki/Minimalist_shoe) N Namba (clothing) (/wiki/Namba_(clothing)) Nike Free (/wiki/Nike_Free) R Rimless eyeglasses (/wiki/Rimless_eyeglasses) T Thong (/wiki/Thong) V Vibram FiveFingers (/wiki/Vibram_FiveFingers) Vivobarefoot (/wiki/Vivobarefoot) W Willy warmer (/wiki/Willy_warmer) Windsor glasses (/wiki/Windsor_glasses) X Xero Shoes (/wiki/Xero_Shoes) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Minimalist_clothing&oldid=814182406 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Minimalist_clothing&oldid=814182406) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing (/wiki/Category:Clothing) Minimalism (/wiki/Category:Minimalism)
American model (born 1977) Guinevere van Seenus Photo by Craig McDean Born 1976 Boston, Massachusetts (/wiki/Boston,_Massachusetts) , U.S. Occupation(s) Model, photographer Partner Beau Friedlander (/wiki/Beau_Friedlander) [6] (#cite_note-NYT-6) Modeling information Height 5 ft 9 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (1.77 m) [1] (#cite_note-fmd-1) Hair color Blonde Eye color Blue Agency DNA Model Management (New York) [2] (#cite_note-nyc-2) Next Model Management (/wiki/Next_Model_Management) (Paris) [3] (#cite_note-paris-3) Next Model Management (/wiki/Next_Model_Management) (Milan) [4] (#cite_note-milan-4) Models 1 (/w/index.php?title=Models_1&action=edit&redlink=1) (London) [5] (#cite_note-london-5) Guinevere van Seenus (born 1976) is an American model, photographer and jewelry (/wiki/Jewelry) designer. [7] (#cite_note-voguepedia-7) [8] (#cite_note-Vogue-8) Born in Brookline, Massachusetts (/wiki/Brookline,_Massachusetts) , Guinevere van Seenus was raised in Washington, D.C. (/wiki/Washington,_D.C.) , and Santa Barbara, California. She is first-generation American, her parents immigrating to the United States from the Netherlands (/wiki/The_Netherlands) in the late 1960s. Van Seenus began modeling at age 15 in Southern California, but did not become an A-list model right away. This happened when the model was living in Paris (/wiki/Paris) in 1995. Her debut on the cover of Vogue Italia (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) was shot by Steven Meisel (/wiki/Steven_Meisel) . The following year, she was nominated for Supermodel of the Year in the VH1 (/wiki/VH1) Fashion and Music Awards. She was also named on Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) ’s top ten hot list for the year. Career [ edit ] She has been photographed by Craig McDean (/wiki/Craig_McDean) , Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) , Steven Klein (/wiki/Steven_Klein_(artist)) , Mert and Marcus (/wiki/Mert_and_Marcus) , Tim Walker (/wiki/Tim_Walker) , Colin Dodgson, Mario Sorrenti (/wiki/Mario_Sorrenti) , Richard Avedon (/wiki/Richard_Avedon) , Irving Penn (/wiki/Irving_Penn) , Paolo Roversi (/wiki/Paolo_Roversi) , Inez and Vinood (/wiki/Inez_and_Vinoodh) , Peter Lindbergh (/wiki/Peter_Lindbergh) , Bruce Weber (/wiki/Bruce_Weber_(photographer)) , David Sims (/wiki/David_Sims_(photographer)) , Michael Thompson (/wiki/Michael_Thompson_(photographer)) , Zoe Ghertner, Catherine Opie (/wiki/Catherine_Opie) , Philip-Lorca diCorcia (/wiki/Philip-Lorca_diCorcia) , Stephen Shore (/wiki/Stephen_Shore) , Javier Valhonrat, Glen Luchford (/wiki/Glen_Luchford) , Mark Borthwick (/wiki/Mark_Borthwick) , Josh Olins, Richard Burbridge, Jürgen Teller (/wiki/Juergen_Teller) , Andres Serrano (/wiki/Andres_Serrano) , Elad Lassry (/wiki/Elad_Lassry) , Jan Saudek (/wiki/Jan_Saudek) , François Nars (/wiki/NARS_Cosmetics) , Luigi & Iango, Cass Bird (/wiki/Cass_Bird) , Collier Schorr (/wiki/Collier_Schorr) , Roe Etheridge (/wiki/Roe_Ethridge) , Steven Meisel (/wiki/Steven_Meisel) , Yelena Yemchuck (/wiki/Yelena_Yemchuk) and many others. Van Seenus has walked the runways for Alexander McQueen, Anna Sui (/wiki/Anna_Sui) , Armani (/wiki/Armani_Priv%C3%A9) , Balenciaga (/wiki/Balenciaga) , Bottega Veneta (/wiki/Bottega_Veneta) , Calvin Klein (/wiki/Calvin_Klein_(company)) , Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) , Christian LeCroix (/wiki/Christian_Lacroix) , Commes des Garçons (/wiki/Comme_des_Gar%C3%A7ons) , Diane Von Furstenberg (/wiki/Diane_Von_Furstenberg) , Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) , Donna Karan (/wiki/Donna_Karan) , Dries van Noten (/wiki/Dries_van_Noten) , Emilio Pucci (/wiki/Emilio_Pucci) , Erdem (/wiki/Erdem_Moral%C4%B1o%C4%9Flu#ERDEM_brand) , Etro (/wiki/Etro) , Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) , Giles Deacon (/wiki/Giles_Deacon) , Marithé + François Girbaud (/wiki/Marith%C3%A9_et_Fran%C3%A7ois_Girbaud) , Givenchy (/wiki/Givenchy) , Gucci (/wiki/Tom_Ford) , Helmut Lang (/wiki/Helmut_Lang_(artist)) , Hermès (/wiki/Herm%C3%A9s) , Hugo Boss (/wiki/Hugo_Boss) , Jean-Paul Gaultier (/wiki/Jean_Paul_Gaultier) , Jil Sander (/wiki/Jil_Sander) , John Galliano (/wiki/John_Galliano) , Lanvin (/wiki/Lanvin_(company)) , Loewe (/wiki/Loewe,_S.A.) , Louis Vuitton (/wiki/Louis_Vuitton) , Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) , Marni (/wiki/Marni_(clothing)) , Martine Sitbon (/wiki/Martine_Sitbon) , Max Mara (/wiki/Max_Mara) , Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors) , Miu Miu, Narciso Rodriguez (/wiki/Narciso_Rodriguez) , Prada (/wiki/Prada) , Rick Owens (/wiki/Rick_Owens) , Roberto Cavalli (/wiki/Roberto_Cavalli) , Rodarte (/wiki/Rodarte) , Sonia Rykiel (/wiki/Sonia_Rykiel) , Top Shop (/wiki/Top_Shop) , Valentino, Versace (/wiki/Versace) , Versus (/wiki/Versus_(Versace)) , Vivian Westwood (/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood) and Yohji Yamamoto (/wiki/Yohji_Yamamoto) . She has appeared in advertising campaigns for Alaïa (/wiki/Azzedine_Ala%C3%AFa) , Anne Klein (/wiki/Anne_Klein_(fashion_designer)) , Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) , Banana Republic (/wiki/Banana_Republic) , Barneys New York (/wiki/Barneys_New_York) , Bergdorf Goodman (/wiki/Bergdorf_Goodman) , Bloomingdale's (/wiki/Bloomingdale%27s) , Bottega Veneta (/wiki/Bottega_Veneta) , Brioni (/wiki/Brioni_(brand)) , Calvin Klein (/wiki/Calvin_Klein_(company)) , Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) , COS (/wiki/COS_(clothing)) , Diesel (/wiki/Diesel_(brand)) , Eres, Equinox Fitness (/wiki/Equinox_Fitness) , François Nars (/wiki/NARS_Cosmetics) , The Gap (/wiki/Gap_Inc.) , Giorgio Armani (/wiki/Giorgio_Armani) , H&M (/wiki/H%26M) , Hermés (/wiki/Herm%C3%A9s) , J.Crew (/wiki/J.Crew) , Jil Sander (/wiki/Jil_Sander) , John Galliano (/wiki/John_Galliano) , Jones New York (/wiki/Authentic_Brands_Group) , Kenzo (/wiki/Kenzo) , Kevin Aucoin Beauty (/wiki/Kevyn_Aucoin) , La Perla (/wiki/La_Perla_(clothing)) , Lord & Taylor (/wiki/Lord_%26_Taylor) , MAC Cosmetics (/wiki/MAC_Cosmetics) , Macy's (/wiki/Macy%27s) , Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) , Marc O'Polo (/wiki/Marc_O%27Polo) , Max Mara (/wiki/Max_Mara) , Missoni (/wiki/Missoni) , Miu Miu (/wiki/Miu_Miu) , Moncler, Moschino (/wiki/Moschino) , Neiman Marcus (/wiki/Neiman_Marcus) , Nordstrom (/wiki/Nordstrom) , Paul Ka Paris, the Pirelli Calendar (/wiki/Pirelli_Calendar) (twice), Prada (/wiki/Prada) , Rena Lange, Saks Fifth Avenue (/wiki/Saks_Fifth_Avenue) , Shiseido (/wiki/Shiseido) , Swarovski (/wiki/Swarovski) , Tiffany & Co. (/wiki/Tiffany_%26_Co.) , Tom Ford (/wiki/Tom_Ford) , Tse, Urban Decay (/wiki/Urban_Decay_(cosmetics)) , Versace (/wiki/Versace) , Versus (/wiki/H%26M) , Yohji Yamamoto (/wiki/Yohji_Yamamoto) , Zac Posen (/wiki/Zac_Posen) and Zara (/wiki/Zara_(retailer)) among others. Guinevere van Seenus has appeared on at least twelve Vogue covers in editions around the world, including France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Portugal, the Netherlands, and the Ukraine, Harper’s Bazaar in the United States, United Kingdom, Spain and Korea, Other covers include W Magazine , Elle , The Face , 10 Magazine (/wiki/The_Face_(magazine)) , L’Officiel (/wiki/L%27Officiel) , L’Uomo Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , The Edit (/wiki/YOOX_Net-a-Porter_Group) , M Le Mode (/wiki/Le_Monde) , Re-Edition, Dutch Magazine, Intermission, Zoo, Purpose and Perspective, Flair, Purple, Rika, Fat, Acne, Beauty Papers and Dazed (/wiki/Dazed) . She has appeared in editorials for American, British, Chinese, Dutch, German, Italian, Japanese, Turkish and Ukrainian Vogue , the U.S., British, Spanish and Japanese editions of Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) , as well as W , i-D (/wiki/I-D) , LOVE , V , Numéro (/wiki/Num%C3%A9ro) , Dazed (/wiki/Dazed) , CR Magazine, Purple Magazine (/wiki/Purple_(magazine)) , SSaw, Gentlewoman (/wiki/The_Gentlewoman_(magazine)) , Porter (/wiki/YOOX_Net-a-Porter_Group) , Self Service, Allure (/wiki/Allure_(magazine)) , Marie Claire (/wiki/Marie_Claire) , Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) and Interview . She has been a guest editor for 10 Magazine (/wiki/10_Magazine_(British_magazine)) and Muse Magazine. [9] (#cite_note-muse-9) As a photographer, van Seenus shoots with a Leica M6 (/wiki/Leica_M6) , Leica Minilux (/wiki/Leica_Camera#Minilux_series) , large-format 4x5 (/wiki/Large_format) , 600SE Polaroid (/wiki/Polaroid_Corporation) , Twin-Lens Rolleiflex (/wiki/Rolleiflex) as well as a Polaroid SX-70 (/wiki/Polaroid_SX-70) . Her work, [10] (#cite_note-humane-10) sometimes self-portraits, has been described as ethereal. She has shot a cover story for Purpose and Perspective featuring model Kirsten Owen (/wiki/Kirsten_Owen) , and has shot for Colville and Self-Service magazine. She has attended the Met Gala (/wiki/Met_Gala) with Rodarte (/wiki/Rodarte) , Marni and Vogue . Special projects include a custom book [11] (#cite_note-dauphin-11) featuring van Seenus and Saskia de Brauw (/wiki/Saskia_de_Brauw) for Charlotte Dauphin (/wiki/Charlotte_Dauphin) 's jewelry creations, and many others. Van Seenus's image hung from the front of New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) to celebrate the Met Gala (/wiki/Met_Gala) . That year's theme was Rei Kawakubo / Comme des Garçons: Art of the In-Between (/wiki/Rei_Kawakubo/Comme_des_Gar%C3%A7ons_Art_of_the_In-Between) . Her image also hung from the outside of the Louvre Museum for a Yohji Yamamoto exhibit in collaboration with A Magazine . Books include a collaboration with Rodarte, Catherine Opie (/wiki/Catherine_Opie) and Alec Soth, as well as books by Yelena Yemchuk (/wiki/Yelena_Yemchuk) , Drew Jarrett, Sofia Sanchez and Mauro Mongiello, and others. The subject of many photography books, she has appeared in major publications, including the book, Amber, Guinevere and Kate [12] (#cite_note-Amber,_Guinevere_and_Kate-12) featuring Amber Valetta (/wiki/Amber_Valletta) and Kate Moss (/wiki/Kate_Moss) by Craig McDean. She was also featured in Garden of Earthly Delights by Tim Walker (/wiki/Tim_Walker) . [13] (#cite_note-garden-13) Van Seenus was one of two models to appear more than once in the J. Paul Getty Museum (/wiki/J._Paul_Getty_Museum) ’s show, Icons of Style: A Century of Fashion Photography. She was also included the “Model as Muse” exhibit at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. [14] (#cite_note-met-14) Pat McGrath LABS, founded by the legendary British make-up artist, named a shade of lipstick after her. [15] (#cite_note-lipstick-15) Designer Marc Jacobs also named a bag after van Seenus called the Guinevere Satchel. [16] (#cite_note-satchel-16) Van Seenus is an ardent supporter of animal rescues and service animal (/wiki/Service_animal) rights. In 2018, she hosted the Humane society (/wiki/Humane_society) of New York's Fifth Fine Art Photography Benefit Auction in partnership with Aperture Foundation. The exhibit included works by Edward Steichen (/wiki/Edward_Steichen) , Elliott Erwitt (/wiki/Elliott_Erwitt) , Vincent van de Wijngard, William Wegman (/wiki/William_Wegman_(photographer)) , Bruce Davidson (/wiki/Bruce_Davidson_(photographer)) , and many others. Van Seenus appears with her three-legged ( tripod) rescue dog (/wiki/Amputation) Ashley in a 2017 Banana Republic (/wiki/Banana_Republic) campaign, [17] (#cite_note-brep-17) and also in a 2017 profile [18] (#cite_note-dt-18) of the model that was published in the Sunday magazine section of the British newspaper The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) . As of September 2019, van Seenus is ranked as an “Industry Icon” on models.com. She is represented by DNA Model Management in New York, [2] (#cite_note-nyc-2) Next Management (/wiki/Next_Management) in Paris [3] (#cite_note-paris-3) and Milan, [4] (#cite_note-milan-4) and Models 1 (/w/index.php?title=Models_1&action=edit&redlink=1) in London. [5] (#cite_note-london-5) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-fmd_1-0) "Guinevere van Seenus" (http://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/Guinevere_van+Seenus/) . Fashion Model Directory (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) . Retrieved May 7, 2013 . ^ a b "DNA Models" (https://www.dnamodels.com/div/women-main-board/model/guinevere-van-seenus2/p/7237/c/-1/) . Retrieved October 15, 2019 . ^ a b "Next Management Paris" (https://www.nextmanagement.com/paris/profile/guinevere-van-seenus) . Retrieved October 15, 2019 . ^ a b "Next Management Milan" (https://www.nextmanagement.com/milan/profile/guinevere-van-seenus) . Retrieved October 15, 2019 . ^ a b "Models 1" (https://www.models1.co.uk/women/image/4232-guinevere-van-seenus/) . Retrieved October 15, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-NYT_6-0) Force, Thessaly La (9 March 2022). "Moving Through the Lens" (https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/09/style/moving-through-the-lens.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved March 10, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-voguepedia_7-0) "Guinevere van Seenus" (https://web.archive.org/web/20131014153251/http://www.vogue.com/voguepedia/Guinevere_Van_Seenus) . vogue.com. Archived from the original (http://www.vogue.com/voguepedia/Guinevere_Van_Seenus) on October 14, 2013 . Retrieved May 7, 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-Vogue_8-0) "Prada Spring 2012 RTW – Beauty – Fashion Week – Runway, Fashion Shows and Collections" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140322182711/http://www.vogue.com/fashion-week/spring-2012-rtw/prada/beauty/) . Vogue. Archived from the original (http://www.vogue.com/fashion-week/spring-2012-rtw/prada/beauty/) on March 22, 2014 . Retrieved November 14, 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-muse_9-0) "Guinevere van Seenus for Muse Magazine Spring 2014" (http://thefashionography.com/guinevere-van-seenus-muse-spring-2014/) . Retrieved October 15, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-humane_10-0) "Humane Society of New York's Fifth Fine Art Photography Benefit Auction in partnership with Aperture Foundation" (http://www.humanesocietyny.org/auction_2018/catalog.php?id1%3D166&sa=D&ust=1571162495169000&usg=AFQjCNFTNT6KDh1Dh8DCuXQAKmXmV2iStQ) . Retrieved October 15, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-dauphin_11-0) "Dauphin by Paolo Roversi" (https://maisondauphin.com/en/world/article/114-dauphin-special-projects-book-dauphin-by-paolo-roversi/) . Retrieved October 15, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-Amber,_Guinevere_and_Kate_12-0) "Amber, Guinevere, and Kate" (https://www.interviewmagazine.com/culture/amber-guinevere-kate-photographed-by-craig-mcdean) . 3 October 2013 . Retrieved October 15, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-garden_13-0) "Garden of Earthly Delights" (https://beautifulbizarre.net/2019/04/24/the-garden-of-earthly-delights-hieronymus-bosch-fashion-photographer-tim-walker/) . 24 April 2019 . Retrieved October 15, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-met_14-0) "Model as Muse" (https://www.metmuseum.org/exhibitions/listings/2009/model-as-muse) . Retrieved October 15, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-lipstick_15-0) "Pat McGrath Labs Debuts New Shades of MatteTrance Lipstick" (https://www.teenvogue.com/story/pat-mcgrath-labs-new-shades-mattetrance-lipstick) . 4 August 2018 . Retrieved October 15, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-satchel_16-0) "MARC JACOBS Leather Small Guinevere Satchel" (https://www.fashionphile.com/marc-jacobs-leather-small-guinevere-satchel-20680) . Retrieved October 15, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-brep_17-0) "Banana Republic Holiday 2017 Come Together" (https://models.com/work/banana-republic-come-togetherholiday-2017-banana-republic/817356) . Retrieved October 15, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-dt_18-0) Macalister-Smith, Tilly (17 September 2017). "Guinevere van Seenus: Pretty Unique" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/luxury/womens-style/guinevere-van-seenus-pretty-unique/) . The Telegraph . Retrieved October 15, 2019 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://guineverevanseenus.com) Guinevere Van Seenus (https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/guinevere_van+seenus/) at Fashion Model Directory (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐c85b9bc65‐6pggw Cached time: 20240721154728 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.425 seconds Real time usage: 0.542 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2763/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 40856/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4682/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 68823/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.271/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 8086870/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 468.870 1 -total 42.44% 199.008 1 Template:Infobox_model 35.08% 164.479 1 Template:Reflist 28.39% 133.113 16 Template:Cite_web 16.35% 76.658 1 Template:Short_description 11.04% 51.758 1 Template:Height 10.30% 48.312 2 Template:Pagetype 9.79% 45.921 1 Template:Convert 9.01% 42.266 1 Template:Infobox 5.41% 25.362 19 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:39326531-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721154728 and revision id 1175521920. 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This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Country_bohemian_style) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Country bohemian style" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Country+bohemian+style%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Country+bohemian+style%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Country+bohemian+style%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Country+bohemian+style%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Country+bohemian+style%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Country+bohemian+style%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( April 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Country bohemian style is a fashion style synthesizing rural (/wiki/Rural) elements with the bohemian style (/wiki/Bohemian_style) , [1] (#cite_note-CB-1) creating a bohemian approach to life in the country. [2] (#cite_note-VF-2) The country bohemian style can refer to both fashion and interior design. [3] (#cite_note-CCMBAA-3) Characteristics [ edit ] The country bohemian style is a deliberate blending of two seemingly disparate styles, country and bohemian. It incorporates local, rural features into bohemian sensibilities, favoring sustainability and rustic features while also embracing modern contributions. [1] (#cite_note-CB-1) See also [ edit ] Boho-chic (/wiki/Boho-chic) Bohemian style (/wiki/Bohemian_style) Shabby chic (/wiki/Shabby_chic) References [ edit ] Footnotes ^ a b "What Country Bohemian Means" (https://archive.today/20140922110401/http://www.countrybohemian.com/what-country-bohemian-means) . Country Bohemian. 22 September 2014. Archived from the original (http://www.countrybohemian.com/what-country-bohemian-means) on 22 September 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-VF_2-0) "Country Bohemian" (http://ibdl.vanityfair.com/look/country-bohemian) . Vanity Fair. 22 September 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-CCMBAA_3-0) "Cozy Country Meets Bohemian Artistic in Australia" (http://www.houzz.com/ideabooks/24239912/list/my-houzz-cozy-country-meets-bohemian-artistic-in-australia) . Houzz. 22 September 2014. This fashion (/wiki/Fashion) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Country_bohemian_style&action=edit) . v t e This design (/wiki/Design) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Country_bohemian_style&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐gxnc2 Cached time: 20240712192905 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.216 seconds Real time usage: 0.292 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 350/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 19483/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 103/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 21328/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.159/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3669894/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 269.749 1 -total 40.37% 108.885 1 Template:Reflist 33.39% 90.059 3 Template:Cite_web 32.21% 86.880 1 Template:Sources 26.36% 71.102 1 Template:Ambox 25.07% 67.630 2 Template:Asbox 25.05% 67.569 1 Template:Fashion-stub 5.55% 14.969 1 Template:Find_sources_mainspace 1.33% 3.590 1 Template:Design-stub 0.60% 1.631 1 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:43908650-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712192905 and revision id 1185243288. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Country_bohemian_style&oldid=1185243288 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Country_bohemian_style&oldid=1185243288) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 2010s fashion (/wiki/Category:2010s_fashion) Interior design (/wiki/Category:Interior_design) Fashion stubs (/wiki/Category:Fashion_stubs) Design stubs (/wiki/Category:Design_stubs) Hidden categories: Articles needing additional references from April 2017 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_April_2017) All articles needing additional references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
Paris couture house established in 1922 Philippe et Gaston was a Paris couture house established in 1922. [1] (#cite_note-rom-1) It rapidly became a prestigious establishment. In 1926 it was ranked alongside Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) , Madeleine Vionnet (/wiki/Madeleine_Vionnet) and Jeanne Lanvin (/wiki/Jeanne_Lanvin) as a notable French fashion house. [2] (#cite_note-blas125-2) By 1931, it was well known enough to rate a mention in Bruno Jasieński (/wiki/Bruno_Jasie%C5%84ski) 's 1931 play The Ball of the Mannequins . [3] (#cite_note-3) However, by 1946, the house was in need of resurrection. [4] (#cite_note-pochna-4) That year, the French textile baron, entrepreneur, and one of France's richest men, Marcel Boussac (/wiki/Marcel_Boussac) invited Christian Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior) to become head designer for Philippe et Gaston and rejuvenate the brand. [1] (#cite_note-rom-1) Dior declined, as he wanted to launch his own label under his own terms, rather than resurrect an "old-fashioned and rundown house." [1] (#cite_note-rom-1) Boussac and Dior subsequently launched Christian Dior S. A. (/wiki/Christian_Dior_S._A.) [1] (#cite_note-rom-1) [4] (#cite_note-pochna-4) Two 1920s garments by the House, an evening gown and a fur-trimmed coat, are in the Costume Institute (/wiki/Costume_Institute) at the Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) . [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d Palmer, Alexandra (Spring 2010). "Dior's Scandalous New Look" (https://www.rom.on.ca/en/collections-research/books-magazine/rom-magazine/spring-2010/article/diors-scandalous-new-look) . ROM Magazine . Royal Ontario Museum . Retrieved 6 November 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-blas125_2-0) Blaszczyk, Regina Lee (2012). The color revolution . Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press in association with the Lemelson Center, Smithsonian Institution. p. 125. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780262017770 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Kolesnikoff, Nina (1982). Bruno Jasieński : his evolution from futurism to socialist realism . Waterloo, Ont.: Wilfrid Laurier U.P. p. 120. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780889201101 . ^ a b Pochna, Marie-France; Savill, Joanna (translator) (1996). Christian Dior : the man who made the world look new (1st English language ed.). New York: Arcade Pub. pp. 90 (https://archive.org/details/christiandiorman00poch/page/90) –92. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781559703406 . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : |first2= has generic name ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name) ) ^ (#cite_ref-5) Staff writer. "Evening coat by Philippe et Gaston, ca. 1928" (http://www.metmuseum.org/collection/the-collection-online/search/99594) . The Collection Online . Metropolitan Museum of Art . Retrieved 6 November 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Staff writer. "Evening dress by Philippe et Gaston, ca. 1925" (http://www.metmuseum.org/collection/the-collection-online/search/157322) . The Collection Online . Metropolitan Museum of Art . Retrieved 6 November 2015 . External links [ edit ] Instituut voor Beeld en Geluid Nederlands. "Fashion show of Philippe et Gaston at the Carlton Hotel, Amsterdam, (1932)" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tWdHXV9a8zw) . YouTube . Retrieved 7 November 2015 . This fashion (/wiki/Fashion) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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In this Korean name (/wiki/Korean_name) , the family name is Seok (/wiki/Seok_(Korean_surname)) . Seok Ju-seon Born ( 1911-09-17 ) September 17, 1911 Pyongyang (/wiki/Pyongyang) Died March 3, 1996 (1996-03-03) (aged 84) Cheonan (/wiki/Cheonan) Relatives Seok Joo-myung (/wiki/Seok_Joo-myung) (brother) Korean name Hangul (/wiki/Hangul) 석주선 Hanja (/wiki/Hanja) 石宙善 Revised Romanization (/wiki/Revised_Romanization_of_Korean) Seok Ju-seon McCune–Reischauer (/wiki/McCune%E2%80%93Reischauer) Sŏk Chu-sŏn Seok Ju-seon (variously Seok Juseon or Suk Ju Seon ; September 17, 1911 – March 3, 1996) was a scholar of traditional Korean clothing [1] (#cite_note-Woo-1) and a folklorist (/wiki/Folklore) . [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-museum-3) Her works include The History of Korean Dresses and Ornaments . [4] (#cite_note-Ju-seon-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Ju-seon donated over 3,300 items to the museum named for her at Dankook University (/wiki/Dankook_University) , so it could curate and conserve Korean historical costume. [3] (#cite_note-museum-3) The Seok Juseon Memorial Folk Museum was established in 1981, and combined with the Central Museum in 1999 to form the Seok Juseon Memorial Museum. [ citation needed ] Pieces from the collection were included in the first full-scale survey on art from the Joseon dynasty (/wiki/Joseon_dynasty) to be shown in the United States, Treasures from Korea: Arts and Culture of the Joseon Dynasty, 1392-1910 . [6] (#cite_note-Jenkins-6) Among the pieces Seok Ju-seon collected were cotton fabrics hand-woven according to traditional methods by Kim Man-ae of the village of Saetgol in Naju (/wiki/Naju) , South Jeolla (/wiki/South_Jeolla) province. Kim Man-ae was named a Living Human Treasure in 1969 for her weaving skills and her generous contributions to Seok Ju-seon's research. [7] (#cite_note-Hyun-sook-7) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Woo_1-0) Woo, Alyssa (December 9, 2015). "Lee Young Hee designs modern hanboks that everyone can wear" (http://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/fashion/reviving-traditional-wear) . The Straits Times . Retrieved 4 June 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Seok Juseon Memorial Museum (Korean) (http://museum.dankook.ac.kr/web/museum/brief-history) ^ a b "Seok Juseon Memorial Museum, Dankook University, South Korea - Google Arts & Culture" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160928020947/https://www.google.com/culturalinstitute/beta/partner/seok-juseon-memorial-museum-dankook-university) . Google Cultural Institute . Archived from the original (https://www.google.com/culturalinstitute/beta/partner/seok-juseon-memorial-museum-dankook-university) on September 28, 2016 . Retrieved 2017-06-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-Ju-seon_4-0) Ju-seon, Seok (1972). The History of Korean Dresses and Ornaments . Seoul: Pochinchae. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Yeong-hak, Son (2009). Handicrafts of the Korean people (2nd ed.). Seoul: Dahal Media. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9788989988137 . ^ (#cite_ref-Jenkins_6-0) Jenkins, Kristina (January 31, 2014). "Coming Attraction: Philadelphia Museum Of Art Presents Treasures from Korea: Arts and Culture of the Joseon Dynasty, 1392-1910, Opening Sunday, March 2" (http://www.uwishunu.com/2014/01/coming-attraction-philadelphia-museum-of-art-presents-treasures-from-korea-arts-and-culture-of-the-joseon-dynasty-1392-1910-opening-sunday-march-2/) . UWISHUNU Philadelphia . Retrieved 4 June 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-Hyun-sook_7-0) Hyun-sook, Park (2012). "100th special edition:Intangible cultural heritage" (https://books.google.com/books?id=tE7R--1MLaoC&pg=PT13) . Koreana: Korean culture and arts . 26 (3). ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9788986090635 . Retrieved 4 June 2017 . Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International FAST (http://id.worldcat.org/fast/88437/) ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000464743700) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/39435463) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJvhqBBdB7B3T93HCG34v3) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82032356) Korea (https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201812329) Other IdRef (https://www.idref.fr/128762837) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐ckbb4 Cached time: 20240713190342 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.488 seconds Real time usage: 0.649 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2632/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 34724/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3073/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 11/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 31788/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.345/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 19680003/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 603.712 1 -total 47.42% 286.302 1 Template:Infobox_person 24.07% 145.295 1 Template:Infobox_Korean_name 22.81% 137.680 1 Template:Infobox_Chinese/Korean 22.51% 135.916 1 Template:Infobox 22.37% 135.053 1 Template:Reflist 17.17% 103.646 2 Template:Lang 15.82% 95.482 3 Template:Cite_news 14.97% 90.364 1 Template:Authority_control 9.91% 59.822 4 Template:Br_separated_entries Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:54189159-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713190342 and revision id 1228198785. 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Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) France portal (/wiki/Portal:France) Wikimedia Commons has media related to Clothing companies of France (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_of_France) . 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 9 subcategories, out of 9 total. Clothing brands of France (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_of_France) ‎ (3 C, 43 P) Clothing companies based in Paris (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_based_in_Paris) ‎ (8 P) Clothing retailers of France (/wiki/Category:Clothing_retailers_of_France) ‎ (1 C, 9 P) C Chanel (/wiki/Category:Chanel) ‎ (3 C, 11 P, 2 F) D Decathlon Group (/wiki/Category:Decathlon_Group) ‎ (4 P) Dior (/wiki/Category:Dior) ‎ (2 C, 10 P) H Hermès (/wiki/Category:Herm%C3%A8s) ‎ (6 P) K Kitsuné (/wiki/Category:Kitsun%C3%A9) ‎ (3 C, 3 P) S Shoe companies of France (/wiki/Category:Shoe_companies_of_France) ‎ (21 P) Pages in category "Clothing companies of France" The following 75 pages are in this category, out of 75 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A A.P.C. (/wiki/A.P.C.) Aigle (company) (/wiki/Aigle_(company)) Airness (/wiki/Airness) Alain Figaret (/wiki/Alain_Figaret) Anne Fontaine (brand) (/wiki/Anne_Fontaine_(brand)) C Cacharel (/wiki/Cacharel) Camaïeu (company) (/wiki/Cama%C3%AFeu_(company)) Cerruti 1881 (/wiki/Cerruti_1881) Chantelle (lingerie) (/wiki/Chantelle_(lingerie)) Charvet Place Vendôme (/wiki/Charvet_Place_Vend%C3%B4me) Children Worldwide Fashion SAS (/wiki/Children_Worldwide_Fashion_SAS) Le Coq Sportif (/wiki/Le_Coq_Sportif) D Damart (/wiki/Damart) DBApparel (/wiki/DBApparel) Decathlon (retailer) (/wiki/Decathlon_(retailer)) Delta Plus Group (/wiki/Delta_Plus_Group) Mohamed Dia (/wiki/Mohamed_Dia) Diana Slip (/wiki/Diana_Slip) Dice Kayek (/wiki/Dice_Kayek) Dior (/wiki/Dior) Dior Homme (/wiki/Dior_Homme) Duarig (/wiki/Duarig) E Jean-Paul Elkann (/wiki/Jean-Paul_Elkann) G Gerbe (lingerie) (/wiki/Gerbe_(lingerie)) Groupe Chantelle (/wiki/Groupe_Chantelle) Gunhild (clothing) (/wiki/Gunhild_(clothing)) Guy Cotten (/wiki/Guy_Cotten) H Hermès (/wiki/Herm%C3%A8s) Hervé Léger (/wiki/Herv%C3%A9_L%C3%A9ger) House of Leroy (/wiki/House_of_Leroy) I IRFĒ (/wiki/IRF%C4%92) J Jours Apres Lunes (/wiki/Jours_Apres_Lunes) K Kenzo (brand) (/wiki/Kenzo_(brand)) Kickers (brand) (/wiki/Kickers_(brand)) Kookai (/wiki/Kookai) The Kooples (/wiki/The_Kooples) Kulte (/wiki/Kulte) L Lecoanet Hemant (/wiki/Lecoanet_Hemant) Léo Marciano (/wiki/L%C3%A9o_Marciano) Lise Charmel (/wiki/Lise_Charmel) M Mad Carpentier (/wiki/Mad_Carpentier) Mainbocher (/wiki/Mainbocher) Maison Margiela (/wiki/Maison_Margiela) Isabel Marant (/wiki/Isabel_Marant) Marithé et François Girbaud (/wiki/Marith%C3%A9_et_Fran%C3%A7ois_Girbaud) Moncler (/wiki/Moncler) Le Mont Saint Michel (clothing) (/wiki/Le_Mont_Saint_Michel_(clothing)) Montagut (clothing) (/wiki/Montagut_(clothing)) Morgan (clothing) (/wiki/Morgan_(clothing)) Mossant (/wiki/Mossant) N Nina Ricci (brand) (/wiki/Nina_Ricci_(brand)) O Oxbow (surfwear) (/wiki/Oxbow_(surfwear)) P Paraffection (/wiki/Paraffection) Paule Ka (/wiki/Paule_Ka) Pimkie (/wiki/Pimkie) Poron Absorba (/wiki/Poron_Absorba) Promod (/wiki/Promod) R Roland Mouret (/wiki/Roland_Mouret) Stéphane Rolland (/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Rolland) Rose Valois (/wiki/Rose_Valois) S Salomon Group (/wiki/Salomon_Group) Sandro Paris (/wiki/Sandro_Paris) Sixpack France (/wiki/Sixpack_France) Skis Rossignol (/wiki/Skis_Rossignol) SMCP Group (/wiki/SMCP_Group) T Thuillier Paris (/wiki/Thuillier_Paris) V Venum (/wiki/Venum) Vera Borea (/wiki/Vera_Borea) Vilebrequin (/wiki/Vilebrequin) Vionnet (company) (/wiki/Vionnet_(company)) Madeleine Vramant (/wiki/Madeleine_Vramant) W Walter Steiger (/wiki/Walter_Steiger) House of Worth (/wiki/House_of_Worth) Y Yva Richard (/wiki/Yva_Richard) Yves Saint Laurent (fashion house) (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(fashion_house)) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_France&oldid=1147012606 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_France&oldid=1147012606) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing companies by country (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_by_country) Companies of France by industry (/wiki/Category:Companies_of_France_by_industry) French fashion (/wiki/Category:French_fashion) Design companies of France (/wiki/Category:Design_companies_of_France) Manufacturing companies of France (/wiki/Category:Manufacturing_companies_of_France) Hidden category: Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata)
Kashmiri traditional dress Pheran A group of Kashmiri men wearing the Pheran from Kashmir Valley (/wiki/Kashmir_Valley) Type Traditional Dress Material Wool and Cotton Place of origin Kashmir (/wiki/Kashmir) Pheran ⓘ (/wiki/File:Pheran_spoken.ogg) ( Kashmiri pronunciation: [pʰʲaran] (/wiki/Help:IPA) ) or Phiran is the traditional outfit for both males and females in Kashmir (/wiki/Kashmir) . [1] (#cite_note-1) The pheran consists of two gowns, one over the other. [2] (#cite_note-2) The traditional pheran extends to the feet, which was popular up to the late 19th century C.E. [3] (#cite_note-3) However, a relatively modern variation of the pheran extends to below the knees, [4] (#cite_note-4) which is worn with a suthan inside (loose form of shalwar) similar to the styles worn in Afghanistan (/wiki/Afghanistan) . [5] (#cite_note-asoke-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) It is optional to wear the suthan with a long phiran as traditionally lower garments are not worn with pherans. The traditional pheran do not have side slits. In summer, the pheran are made of cotton, but in winter, the pheran is made of wool (/wiki/Wool) , covering and protecting the body from the cold especially during snow. These dresses are used by the residents of the Kashmir valley (/wiki/Kashmir_valley) and Kashmiris (/wiki/Kashmiris) residing in Chenab Valley (/wiki/Chenab_Valley) . Since Pheran is unique to the kashmiri culture and it is worn particularly to protect oneself from the coolest phase(Chilai Kalan-starts from December 21) in winter, December 21 is now being celebrated as Pheran Day (/wiki/Pheran_Day) in Kashmir valley. Etymology and history [ edit ] Pheran is a corruption of the Persian word 'perahan' which means cloak. [7] (#cite_note-7) The outfit has been in vogue in Kashmir (/wiki/Kashmir) since before the 15th century. [8] (#cite_note-8) Before the advent of Islamic influence, the people of Kashmir used to wear a loose gown-type leather doublet instead of pheran, as recorded by Hiuen-Tsang. [9] (#cite_note-9) According to some sources, the pheran was introduced by Mughal emperor (/wiki/Mughal_emperors) Akbar when he conquered the valley in 1586. [10] (#cite_note-outlook1-10) However, according to historian Prithivi Nath Kaul Bamzai (/wiki/Prithivi_Nath_Kaul_Bamzai) , with the arrival of Sufi saints and Muslim theologians from Persia and Central Asia, Kashmiris adopted their long robes and round turbans. The long robe, in particular, is considered the precursor to the Pheran, which is now the traditional attire of Kashmiris. [11] (#cite_note-11) Designs [ edit ] Head dress [ edit ] Pheran worn by a Kashmiri Pandit (/wiki/Kashmiri_Pandit) woman, 1922 Taranga Hindu women use a headwear called " taranga (/wiki/Taranga_(clothing)) " ( Kashmiri pronunciation: [tarɨnɡɨ] (/wiki/Help:IPA) ), which is a headdress which becomes smaller down at back, towards the heels. It is popular in some areas of Kashmir. Kasaba Kashmiri Muslim women use a headwear known as the "kasaba" ( Kashmiri pronunciation: [qasaːbɨ] (/wiki/Help:IPA) ). The kasaba is padded by means of a turban and is pinned together by brooches. A veil made of pashmina or Silk is pinned to the top of the kasaba that descends towards the back of the neck. There are two types of kasaba: " Thoud kasaba " and " Bonn kasaba ". Thoud kasaba (high kasaba) sits on the head like a crown, worn only by married women belonging to elite families. House of khwajawal in Naid kadal made the most beautiful kasabas. [12] (#cite_note-Of_Dastar_and_Kasaba-12) Bonn kasaba (low kasaba) sits on head like a bandana, worn by commoners and tribal women. [12] (#cite_note-Of_Dastar_and_Kasaba-12) The most magnificent and expensive kasabas were made of kashmiri kundan work known as " Jarrah ": precious gem stones, usually rubies, spinels and emerald are set in 24 carat gold to make various kundan ornaments ( Tikka, Taweez, Hung taweez, Bal hor, kan vass ) pinned to the red cap having intricate Kashmiri " Tilla work " (silver thread work). Kundan kasaba was worn only by royals. [13] (#cite_note-kashmirlife.net-13) Kundan kasaba were only made by house of Kundanghar in Khwaja bazar . [13] (#cite_note-kashmirlife.net-13) Begum Mehtab of House Khwajawal wearing Kundan kasaba and bal hourr (kundan earrings). Pheran [ edit ] The pheran is a loose upper garment loosely gathered at the sleeves, which tend to be wide, [14] (#cite_note-14) made of either wool or jamewar, which is a mixture of wool and cotton, [5] (#cite_note-asoke-5) with no side slits. A pheran made of wool is called a 'loch'. [15] (#cite_note-15) Female pheran dresses are designed with colorful flowerlike designed elements and styles. Male pheran dresses are quite simple, without any colourful design. The traditional pheran falls to the feet like a gown. [16] (#cite_note-16) This style was universally worn by the Kashmiri Hindu (/wiki/Kashmiri_Hindus) and Kashmiri Muslim (/wiki/Kashmiri_Muslims) communities into the later 19th century C.E. [17] (#cite_note-17) However, a modern version worn by Muslims is knee-length, loose and stitched on the front side ane finishes, while Hindus often still wear their pherans long, extending down the legs. Ankle length Pherans [18] (#cite_note-18) are tied at the waist. [19] (#cite_note-19) Intricate embroideries or flower styles are a popular on Kashmiri ladies pherans. The embroideries or flower designs are made of thin metal threads; this kind of embroidery is known as 'Tille' in Kashmiri language. Poots [ edit ] The poots ( Kashmiri pronunciation: [poːt͡sʰ] (/wiki/Help:IPA) ) is the same as the pheran but made of lighter material; it is worn beneath the pheran. It is generally used to protect the pheran from burns from the kangri (/wiki/Kanger) . It also provides extra warmth during winters, double layer insulation from the cold winter days. Suthan/shalwar [ edit ] Traditionally, the pheran and poots were worn without a lower garment. [20] (#cite_note-20) [21] (#cite_note-21) Indeed, in neighbouring Hunza (/wiki/Hunza_(princely_state)) too, women did not wear pajamas until 1890 and in Nagar until 1925. [22] (#cite_note-22) Since the latter part of the 19th century, loose suthans (shalwars) and churidar (/wiki/Churidar) pajamas of the Punjab region (/wiki/Punjab_region) became popular in Kashmir (/wiki/Kashmir) . [23] (#cite_note-23) [24] (#cite_note-24) Accordingly, the suthan or churidar (/wiki/Churidar) pajama can form part of the pheran ensemble but is not a must. The Kashmiri suthan is baggy and loose and is similar to the Dogri suthan worn in the Jammu (/wiki/Jammu_Division) region. Some versions are similar to the shalwars worn in Afghanistan (/wiki/Afghanistan) . However, since the 1960s, the straight cut Punjabi salwar has become popular. [25] (#cite_note-25) [26] (#cite_note-26) [27] (#cite_note-27) Modern fashion [ edit ] Modern trends saw a decline in the use of pherans in favour of the shalwar kameez (/wiki/Shalwar_kameez) . [28] (#cite_note-28) However, there has been a revival in recent years as pherans have become part of modern fashion, [29] (#cite_note-29) and are worn by females of other areas of Kashmir (/wiki/Kashmir) as well. [30] (#cite_note-30) Kashmiri men are also wearing the pheran as a fashionable outfit. [31] (#cite_note-31) Combined with jeans, the pheran has made its way into the office world. [32] (#cite_note-32) The modern pheran is not as wide and long [33] (#cite_note-33) as the traditional ankle or knee-length version and sometimes has side slits. Fewer men are wearing the phiran with a shalwar. [34] (#cite_note-34) Modern pherans, known as Raglan Pherans are a hybrid of western raglan (/wiki/Raglan_sleeve) coat and traditional wear. [35] (#cite_note-35) Photo gallery [ edit ] Kashmiri Muslim children wearing Pheran Kashmiri Muslim girls in traditional pheran Kashmiri Muslim woman with her granddaughter A young man wearing Pheran somewhere in Chenab Valley (/wiki/Chenab_Valley) 's Doda district (/wiki/Doda_district) Kashmiri Muslim women in traditional long pheran, 1870 Men in Kashmiri pheran and poots, 1875 1919 drawing of Kashmiri Pandit (/wiki/Kashmiri_Pandit) women wearing intricately decorated pherans Kashmiri Pandit (/wiki/Kashmiri_Pandit) men in Kashmir, 1895 A young man wearing a fitted, fur-collared, fashionable Pheran in Chenab Valley (/wiki/Chenab_Valley) 's Bhaderwah (/wiki/Bhaderwah) Elderly Kashmiri (/wiki/Kashmiris) man with his grandson in traditional pheran See also [ edit ] Kashmiri people (/wiki/Kashmiri_people) Shalwar kameez (/wiki/Shalwar_kameez) Pulhoer (/wiki/Pulhoer) Notes [ edit ] References [ edit ] Look up pheran (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pheran) in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ^ (#cite_ref-1) Bakshi, S. R. (1997). Kashmir Through Ages (5 Vol) By S. R. Bakshi . Sarup & Sons. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9788185431710 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Tikoo, Colonel Tej K. Colonel Tej K Tikoo (2013) Kashmir: Its Aborigines and Their Exodus . Lancer Publishers LLC. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781935501589 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Letters from India and Kashmir (1874) . 1874. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Raina, Mohini Qasba (13 November 2014). Raina, Mohini Qasba (2013) Kashur The Kashmiri Speaking People . Partridge Publishing Singapore. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781482899450 . ^ Jump up to: a b Sengupta, Pradip Kumar (1991). Asoke Kumar Bhattacharyya, Pradip Kumar Sengupta Foundations of Indian Musicology: Perspectives in the Philosophy of Art and Culture (1991) . Abhinav Publications. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9788170172734 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Bamzai, P. N. K. (/wiki/Prithivi_Nath_Kaul_Bamzai) (1994). (1994) Culture and Political History of Kashmir, Volume 1 . M.D. Publications Pvt. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9788185880310 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Glimpses of Kashmir, Jammu, and Ladakh: History and Culture : Prof. P.N. Pushp Memorial Volume . Gyan Sagar Publications. 2000. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-81-7685-070-4 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Dewan, Parvez (2004). Dewan, Parvez (2004) Parvéz Dewân's Jammû, Kashmîr, and Ladâkh: Kashmîr . Manas Publications. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9788170491798 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Hāṇḍā, Omacanda (1998). Textiles, Costumes, and Ornaments of the Western Himalaya . Indus Publishing. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-81-7387-076-7 . ^ (#cite_ref-outlook1_10-0) "The Untold Story Of Kashmiri Pheran And Its Place In Kashmir's History" (https://www.outlookindia.com/blog/story/india-news-the-untold-story-of-kashmiri-pheran-and-its-place-in-kashmirs-history/4017) . www.outlookindia.com/ . Retrieved 6 December 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Bamzai, Prithivi Nath Kaul (1962). A History of Kashmir: Political, Social, Cultural, from the Earliest Times to the Present Day . Metropolitan Book Company. ^ Jump up to: a b "Of Dastar and Kasaba" (https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/opinion/of-dastar-and-kasaba/) . Greater Kashmir . 14 March 2015 . Retrieved 3 December 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Kashmir Lost, the Last Professional Kundangar" (https://kashmirlife.net/kashmirs-lost-the-last-professional-kundangar-199418/) . Kashmir Life . 22 January 2019 . Retrieved 3 December 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Forster, George (1808). Forster, George (1808) A Journey from Bengal to England, Through the Northern Part of India, Kashmire, Afghanistan, and Persia, and Into Russia, by the Caspian-Sea, Volume 2 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) The Phoenix, Volume 3 (1883) . 1873. ^ (#cite_ref-16) Jain, Simmi (2003). Jain, Simmi (2003) Encyclopaedia of Indian Women Through the Ages: The middle ages . Gyan Publishing House. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9788178351735 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Letters from India and Kashmir (1874) Muslim women are shown as recent as 1870 wearing the long Pheran . 1874. ^ (#cite_ref-18) "How Kashmiris keep themselves warm during winter - Kazinag" (https://sites.google.com/site/kazinag/how--kashmiris-keep-themselves-hot-during-winter) . Retrieved 31 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Kashmir, Volumes 2-3 (1952) (https://books.google.com/books?id=UYFDAQAAIAAJ&q=pheran) ^ (#cite_ref-20) Cultural Heritage of India- Kashmiri Pandit Contribution. The Publication of Kashmir Sabha, Calcutta (1999-2000) [1] (http://koausa.org/vitasta/pdf/Vitasta1999-2000.pdf) ^ (#cite_ref-21) Irby, Augustus Henry (1863) The diary of a hunter from the Punjab to the Karakorum mountains [2] (https://books.google.com/books?id=0lMBAAAAQAAJ&q=dress&pg=PA327) ^ (#cite_ref-22) Chohan,Amar Singh (1893) Historical Study of Society and Culture in Dardistan and Ladakh [3] (https://books.google.com/books?id=-Q9uAAAAMAAJ&q=+++pyjamas) ^ (#cite_ref-23) Kumar, Raj (2006) Paintings and Lifestyles of Jammu Region: From 17th to 19th Century A.D. [4] (https://books.google.com/books?id=f-1XyQ2eIG8C&dq=kashmiri+suthan&pg=PA200) ^ (#cite_ref-24) Kapur, Manohar Lal (1992) Social and economic history of Jammu and Kashmir State, 1885-1925 A.D. [5] (https://books.google.com/books?id=3ecbAAAAIAAJ&q=suthan) ^ (#cite_ref-25) India. Office of the Registrar General (1961) Census of India, 1961: Jammu and Kashmir [6] (https://books.google.com/books?id=CNQcAQAAMAAJ&q=kashmiri+suthan) ^ (#cite_ref-26) Dorris Flynn (1986) Costumes of India (https://books.google.com/books?id=g-XfAAAAMAAJ&q=kashmir+punjabi+salwar) ^ (#cite_ref-27) Shri Parmananda Research Institute, 1982 Glimpses of Kashmiri Culture, Volume 5 [7] (https://books.google.com/books?id=UL4BAAAAMAAJ&q=kashmir+punjabi+salwar) ^ (#cite_ref-28) Dhar, Somnath (1999( Jammu and Kashmir (https://books.google.com/books?id=Z4huAAAAMAAJ&q=pheran) ^ (#cite_ref-29) Piyali Bhattachary (14 April 2015)Khadi Couture: How to Wear Kashmiri Tweed Wall Street Journal [8] (https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2015/04/14/khadi-couture-how-to-wear-kashmiri-tweed/) ^ (#cite_ref-30) "Clothing in Kashmir" (http://www.kashmirhub.com/kashmir-culture/clothing.html) . Kashmir Travel Information . Retrieved 31 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) Ishfaq-ul-Hassan (11 February 2015) DNA Real aping reel: Kashmir valley gripped by 'Haider' pheran fever [9] (http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-real-aping-reel-kashmir-valley-gripped-by-haider-pheran-fever-2059923) ^ (#cite_ref-32) Rashid, Toufiq (29 November 2014) Hindustan Times. Pheran making a political statement in Kashmir [10] (https://web.archive.org/web/20141214142656/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/pheran-making-a-political-statement-in-kashmir/article1-1291594.aspx) ^ (#cite_ref-33) (Hassan, Firdous (11 February 2015) The Kashmir Monitor. With e-commerce 'Pheran' goes global [11] (http://kashmirmonitor.in/news-with-e-commerce-pheran-goes-global-79212.aspx) ^ (#cite_ref-34) Medhora, Sarosh (2 September 2000) The Tribune. Focus on men’s formals (http://www.tribuneindia.com/2000/20000902/windows/main7.htm) ^ (#cite_ref-35) "Raglan PHERAN" (http://epaper.kashmiruzma.net/archives.aspx?editioncode=9) . Kashmir Uzma . 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British menswear retailer Jacket from Dunn & Co. made in Harris Tweed (/wiki/Harris_Tweed) . This article relies largely or entirely on a single source (/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_with_a_single_source) . Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Dunn_%26_Co.##) . Please help improve this article (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dunn_%26_Co.&action=edit) by introducing citations to additional sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Find sources: "Dunn & Co." (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Dunn+%26+Co.%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Dunn+%26+Co.%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Dunn+%26+Co.%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Dunn+%26+Co.%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Dunn+%26+Co.%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Dunn+%26+Co.%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( May 2022 ) Dunn & Co. was a well known British (/wiki/United_Kingdom) chain of menswear retailers (/wiki/Fashion) . History [ edit ] Dunn & Co. was founded in 1887 by George Arthur Dunn, a Quaker (/wiki/Quakers) , who started by selling hats on the streets of Birmingham (/wiki/Birmingham) . Forty years later he had two hundred hat shops and as many franchises in other stores. These gradually developed into a string of High Street (/wiki/High_Street) stores specialising in formal wear, especially suits, blazers, tweed sports jackets and flannels. The company was a stalwart of the British High Street, but found it increasingly difficult to remain relevant in the fast changing retail environment of the 1980s: as new and innovative retailers opened up – with Next (/wiki/Next_plc) for men being a prime example - it struggled to adapt. The company engaged the services of management consultants PricewaterhouseCoopers (/wiki/PricewaterhouseCoopers) in a bid to revitalise and refocus, but the programme they initiated failed to make the significant changes necessary to ensure long-term survival. The group trading started showing serious problems in 1991, with nearly forty shops being sold to Hodges, a private Welsh group which kept the Dunn & Co. name going. In 1994 a majority stake was sold to venture capitalists CinVen, who appointed Anthony Phillips and Jim Bellingham to run the chain. Demise [ edit ] In its final year of trading as an independent company, 1996, Dunn & Co. had 130 shops and 429 staff, with a head office in Swansea employing a further 75 workers. It was losing £1m a year on sales of £25m a year, and when its debts reached £6.4m (with £4m owed to unsecured creditors), CinVen, who by then owned 86% of the company, called in the receivers KPMG (/wiki/KPMG) , on 19 December 1996. [1] (#cite_note-1) The brand name was purchased by Ciro Citterio. However, they also went into administration in 2003. [ citation needed ] References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Dunn & Co calls in the receivers" (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/dunn-co-calls-in-the-receivers-1315374.html) . The Independent . 1996-12-20 . Retrieved 2022-11-09 . 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Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Wikimedia Commons has media related to Beauty pageant winners (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Beauty_pageant_winners) . This category is not intended for individuals; this category is intended only for subcategories of beauty pageant winners. Entries in these categories have won a pageant at the International, Country, or State/Province/equivalent level. This category is not for winners of local competitions. This is a container category (/wiki/Category:Container_categories) . Due to its scope, it should contain only subcategories (/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization#Subcategorization) . A beauty pageant (/wiki/Beauty_pageant) , or beauty contest , is a competition between people, based largely, though not always entirely, on the beauty (/wiki/Beauty) of their physical appearance (/wiki/Physical_appearance) . 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 27 subcategories, out of 27 total. Beauty pageant winners by nationality (/wiki/Category:Beauty_pageant_winners_by_nationality) ‎ (151 C) A All American Goddess winners (/wiki/Category:All_American_Goddess_winners) ‎ (4 P) Miss Asia Pacific International winners (/wiki/Category:Miss_Asia_Pacific_International_winners) ‎ (6 P) B Best Model of the World winners (/wiki/Category:Best_Model_of_the_World_winners) ‎ (4 P) Best Model of Turkey winners (/wiki/Category:Best_Model_of_Turkey_winners) ‎ (3 P) D Drag pageant winners (/wiki/Category:Drag_pageant_winners) ‎ (7 C) E Miss Earth winners (/wiki/Category:Miss_Earth_winners) ‎ (26 P) Miss Europe winners (/wiki/Category:Miss_Europe_winners) ‎ (29 P) Miss Exotic World winners (/wiki/Category:Miss_Exotic_World_winners) ‎ (9 P) F Fictional beauty queens (/wiki/Category:Fictional_beauty_queens) ‎ (5 P) Films about beauty queens (/wiki/Category:Films_about_beauty_queens) ‎ (10 P) G Miss Globe International winners (/wiki/Category:Miss_Globe_International_winners) ‎ (3 P) Miss Grand International winners (/wiki/Category:Miss_Grand_International_winners) ‎ (10 P) I Miss International winners (/wiki/Category:Miss_International_winners) ‎ (62 P) L LGBT beauty pageant winners (/wiki/Category:LGBT_beauty_pageant_winners) ‎ (1 C, 14 P) M Male beauty pageant winners (/wiki/Category:Male_beauty_pageant_winners) ‎ (5 C, 62 P) Miss Continental Plus winners (/wiki/Category:Miss_Continental_Plus_winners) ‎ (3 P) Miss Continental winners (/wiki/Category:Miss_Continental_winners) ‎ (1 C, 23 P) Miss Gay America winners (/wiki/Category:Miss_Gay_America_winners) ‎ (2 P) Miss GayUSofA winners (/wiki/Category:Miss_GayUSofA_winners) ‎ (5 P) Miss'd America winners (/wiki/Category:Miss%27d_America_winners) ‎ (3 P) N National Entertainer of the Year winners (/wiki/Category:National_Entertainer_of_the_Year_winners) ‎ (3 P) S Miss Supranational winners (/wiki/Category:Miss_Supranational_winners) ‎ (11 P) T Top Model of the World winners (/wiki/Category:Top_Model_of_the_World_winners) ‎ (3 P) U Miss Universe winners (/wiki/Category:Miss_Universe_winners) ‎ (74 P) W Miss World winners (/wiki/Category:Miss_World_winners) ‎ (73 P) Mrs. World winners (/wiki/Category:Mrs._World_winners) ‎ (4 P) Pages in category "Beauty pageant winners" This category contains only the following page. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . I List of Miss Intercontinental winners (/wiki/List_of_Miss_Intercontinental_winners) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Beauty_pageant_winners&oldid=915173586 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Beauty_pageant_winners&oldid=915173586) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Beauty pageant contestants (/wiki/Category:Beauty_pageant_contestants) Competition winners (/wiki/Category:Competition_winners) Hidden categories: Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata) Container categories (/wiki/Category:Container_categories)
Danish fashion designer (1943–2023) Brandt in 2018 Erik Rud Brandt (16 October 1943 – 11 March 2023) [1] (#cite_note-1) was a Danish fashion designer. [2] (#cite_note-2) In 1966 he married Margit Brandt (/wiki/Margit_Brandt) and founded his own design company in Copenhagen (/wiki/Copenhagen) with branches in Scandinavia, Switzerland, Canada, United States, Japan, and Australia. In 1981 they established Brandt's America, in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . References [ edit ] [3] (#cite_note-3) Erik og Margit Brandt, kapitel 1: Superparret: Lad os danse på roser. Portræt: Erik og Margit Brandt Politiken | 21 July 2002 | Liv_og_stil | Side 4 References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Modeskaberen Erik Brandt er død (https://nyheder.tv2.dk/samfund/2023-03-11-modeskaberen-erik-brandt-er-doed) (in Danish) ^ (#cite_ref-2) Schoeffler, O. E. (1973). Esquire's encyclopedia of 20th century men's fashions . McGraw-Hill (/wiki/McGraw-Hill) . pp. 606–607. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-07-055480-1 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Interview : Der er flere af de andre Interview : Erik Brandt. Berlingske Tidende | 8 May 2005 | 4 Sektion, MS BERLINGSKE TIDENDE | Side 22 Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/57824193) National Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/134163613) This Danish biographical article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Erik_Rud_Brandt&action=edit) . v t e This biographical article related to fashion is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Erik_Rud_Brandt&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐85f5b4c5d4‐rd9km Cached time: 20240712165625 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.478 seconds Real time usage: 0.808 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 548/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 14176/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 774/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 18013/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.354/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 16577968/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 556.436 1 -total 47.68% 265.283 1 Template:Reflist 24.57% 136.712 1 Template:In_lang 20.62% 114.727 1 Template:Authority_control_(arts) 18.71% 104.090 1 Template:Cite_book 17.12% 95.253 1 Template:Short_description 8.55% 47.561 2 Template:Pagetype 8.07% 44.924 2 Template:Asbox 8.07% 44.903 1 Template:Denmark-bio-stub 6.10% 33.932 4 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:26024937-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712165625 and revision id 1144752980. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Erik_Rud_Brandt&oldid=1144752980 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Erik_Rud_Brandt&oldid=1144752980) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1943 births (/wiki/Category:1943_births) 2023 deaths (/wiki/Category:2023_deaths) Danish fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Danish_fashion_designers) Danish people stubs (/wiki/Category:Danish_people_stubs) Fashion biography stubs (/wiki/Category:Fashion_biography_stubs) Hidden categories: Articles with Danish-language sources (da) (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Danish-language_sources_(da)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from March 2023 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_March_2023) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with GND identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_GND_identifiers) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
English nail polish company Nails.INC Company type Nail polish brand (/w/index.php?title=Nail_polish_brand&action=edit&redlink=1) Industry Retail (/wiki/Retail) Founded 1999 Founder Thea Green, MT Carney (/wiki/MT_Carney) Headquarters London (/wiki/London) , England (/wiki/England) Area served United Kingdom, United States, Australia, Japan Key people Thea Green Revenue £14M Number of employees 98 Website www.nailsinc.com (http://www.nailsinc.com) Nails Inc. is a London (/wiki/London) , England (/wiki/England) -based nail polish company founded by Thea Green MBE. [1] (#cite_note-fashion.telegraph.co.uk-1) Thea Green [ edit ] Thea Green was born and brought up in Hoylake (/wiki/Hoylake) on the Wirral Peninsula (/wiki/Wirral_Peninsula) , near Liverpool (/wiki/Liverpool) . [2] (#cite_note-2) Her father was a company director of Littlewoods (/wiki/Littlewoods) , and her mother a housewife. She completed a degree in public relations (/wiki/Public_relations) and journalism (/wiki/Journalism) at the London College of Fashion (/wiki/London_College_of_Fashion) . [1] (#cite_note-fashion.telegraph.co.uk-1) While studying, she assisted on the fashion desk at the Daily Mail (/wiki/Daily_Mail) newspaper, and then Tatler (/wiki/Tatler_(1901)) magazine. Joining Tatler as fashion co-oordinator on graduation, she became fashion editor aged 24. [3] (#cite_note-Times600538-3) Green was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (/wiki/Member_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire) (MBE) in the 2011 Birthday Honours (/wiki/2011_Birthday_Honours) for services to the beauty industry. [4] (#cite_note-4) History [ edit ] Green noticed on travelling to New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) , the number of nail bars (/wiki/Nail_bar) that were easily available. Working on a business plan with business partner MT Carney (/wiki/MT_Carney) , they raised £200,000 through investors, and launched their first store in 1999 in South Molton Street (/wiki/South_Molton_Street) in the West End of London (/wiki/West_End_of_London) . [ citation needed ] After opening the first three stores in London, as the business expanded Carney left the business with her family for the United States. [5] (#cite_note-Coutts-5) In 2000, Nails Inc opened department store (/wiki/Department_store) concessions. [ citation needed ] In 2003, the company launched their training academy for beauty therapists in London. In 2005 they launched the luxury "champagne nail bar." [5] (#cite_note-Coutts-5) Present [ edit ] Nails.INC is a homegrown, British nail brand. The company has concessions within key retailers, including Selfridges (/wiki/Selfridges) , John Lewis, Waitrose, QVC, Amazon and Look Fantastic, as well as Sephora, Target and Sallys in the USA. The company now has stores in the UK (/wiki/UK) , US (/wiki/US) , Australia, and Japan. [6] (#cite_note-6) In November 2012, Nails.INC opened a nail bar in the Harvey Nichols Beauty Bazaar - a concept store located in the Liverpool One (/wiki/Liverpool_One) shopping centre, in the centre of Liverpool (/wiki/Liverpool) . [7] (#cite_note-7) In June 2020, Nails.INC posted a message with its 240,000 followers on Instagram: Nails.INC will contribute proceeds for the whole month of June to Black Lives Matter. "We stand with the fight against systematic racism," the beauty brand shared on the 1 June post. [8] (#cite_note-8) Awards [ edit ] 2002 CEW Achiever Award [9] (#cite_note-9) 2011 Awarded MBE (Member of the Order of the British Empire) [10] (#cite_note-10) 2011 Ernst and Young Entrepreneur of the Year (/wiki/Ernst_%26_Young_Entrepreneur_of_the_Year_Award) [11] (#cite_note-11) 2011 First Women Awards Retail & Consumer Winner [12] (#cite_note-12) 2019 Allure Best of Beauty Award References [ edit ] ^ a b "Thea Green on her Nails Inc empire - Telegraph" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/beauty/news-features/TMG9696420/Thea-Green-on-her-Nails-Inc-empire.html) . The Daily Telegraph . The brand has previously collaborated with fashion and beauty insiders including Victoria Beckham, Alexa Chung and Poppy Delevigne. Its nail polish collections can be found in stores worldwide, including Superdrug, Boots, Sephora and Target. ^ (#cite_ref-2) {she has an older brother and a younger sister "Hoylake-born Thea Green wins prestigious entrepreneur award" (http://www.wirralglobe.co.uk/news/8628220.Hoylake_born_Thea_Green_wins_prestigious_entrepreneur_award/) . Wirral Globe. 10 November 2010 . Retrieved 18 November 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-Times600538_3-0) "New York trip inspired idea for nail bars" (http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/entrepreneur/article600538.ece) . The Times . 15 October 2006 . Retrieved 18 November 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "No. 59808" (https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/59808/supplement/16) . The London Gazette (/wiki/The_London_Gazette) (Supplement). 11 June 2011. p. 16. ^ a b "Thea Green - Nailing down success" (http://www.coutts.com/woman/2009/aug/features/thea-green.asp) . Coutts (/wiki/Coutts) . August 2009 . Retrieved 19 November 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Times, The Sunday (4 November 2012). "Digest: Nails Inc polishes profits" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180515043740/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/digest-nails-inc-polishes-profits-5c97bhj7397) . The Times . Archived from the original (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/digest-nails-inc-polishes-profits-5c97bhj7397) on 15 May 2018 . Retrieved 25 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Grazia" (http://www.graziadaily.co.uk/beauty/archive/2012/11/08/olivia-palermo-opened-harvey-nichols-beauty-bazaar-in-liverpool-and-we-sent-blog.htm) . Grazia . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Nails.INC Donates All U.S. Profits To Black Lives Matter for the Month of June" (https://www.thezoereport.com/p/nailsinc-donates-all-us-profits-to-black-lives-matter-for-the-month-of-june-22951731) . The Zoe Report . 3 June 2020 . Retrieved 30 June 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "CEW UK" (http://www.cewuk.co.uk/event.cfm?action=recent_events&page=view&recent_event=88) . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Talk Business Magazine" (http://talkbusinessmagazine.co.uk/2012/01/thea-green-entrepreneur/) . 26 May 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Nailing it! How Nails Inc. founder Thea Green built a recession-proof business - Features" (http://www.londonlovesbusiness.com/entrepreneurs/fast-growing-businesses-and-sme/nailing-it-how-nails-inc-founder-thea-green-built-a-recession-proof-business/3188.article) . londonlovesbusiness.com . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Real Business" (http://realbusiness.co.uk/news/first-women-awards-2011-the-winners) . 30 June 2011. 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Fashion item used to hold hair in place For the Niki & Gabi song, see Hair Tie (/wiki/Hair_Tie) . Ponytail affixed with a black hair tie Hair ties in different colors A hair ties (also called a ponytail holder , hair band , hair elastic , wrap around , gogo , or bobble ) is a styling aid used to fasten hair (/wiki/Hair) , particularly long hair (/wiki/Long_hair) , away from areas such as the face. This is usually done as part of a hairstyle (/wiki/Hairstyle) such as pigtails (/wiki/Pigtail) , bunches (/wiki/Bunches) , or ponytails (/wiki/Ponytail) for straight, wavy, and loosely curled hair, and referred to as afro puffs (/wiki/Afro_puffs) , bunny tails (/w/index.php?title=Bunny_tails&action=edit&redlink=1) , and "pineapples" for highly curled and highly textured natural hair. Two common types of hair tie are the scrunchie (/wiki/Scrunchie) [1] (#cite_note-1) and the elastic. The term can also include a fixed tie or rubber band which is placed through or around strands to hold specific parts of hair together, rather than tie it or clasp them together like a hair clip (/wiki/Hair_clip) . Hair ties' elasticity (/wiki/Elasticity_(physics)) and durability (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Durability) vary according to the material or materials from which they are made. History [ edit ] Hair ties have likely been in use for thousands of years. In the 18th century wigs (/wiki/Wig) used a "queue" or "tail", consisting of a leather strap or small bag, to hold the wig together and support it. [2] (#cite_note-Leaf-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) The early to mid 19th century and the modernization of the rubber industry (/wiki/Thomas_Hancock_(inventor)#Career) [4] (#cite_note-4) allowed for use of rubber in clothing, which would ultimately include early elastic hair ties. [2] (#cite_note-Leaf-2) In the 20th century, hair ties became more modernized. Then in 1986, the scrunchie was invented by Rommy Revson and became a popular variation of the hair tie. [5] (#cite_note-5) Other names for hair ties [ edit ] Hair ties are known by numerous names. Among the more common are: [ citation needed ] Bands Binder Bobbin Bobble Bunchie Chongo Ding dong Dodoggle Doof Dooflatchee Elastic band Gogo Hair band Hair binder Hair bow Hair deals Hair elastic Hair elastic band Hair holder Hair knick knacks Hair lacky Hair thing Hair toggle Hair up Liga Nubby-doo Ponytail holder Ribbon Rubber band (/wiki/Rubber_band) Scrunchie (/wiki/Scrunchie) Twistie Whiztinger Woogie X-Twist Hair twisty Ponytail See also [ edit ] Barrette (/wiki/Barrette) Headband (/wiki/Headband) Rubber band (/wiki/Rubber_band) Scrunchie (/wiki/Scrunchie) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Bindley, Katherine (2018-03-20). "Scrunchies, Scourge of the 1980s, Are Back" (https://www.wsj.com/articles/scrunchies-scourge-of-the-1980s-are-back-1521559602) . Wall Street Journal (/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0099-9660 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660) . Retrieved 2018-08-22 . ^ a b "The History of Hair Ties" (https://www.leaf.tv/articles/the-history-of-hair-ties/) . leaf . Retrieved 23 August 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) A. Lowery (2013). Historical Wig Styling: Ancient Egypt to the 1830s . Taylor and Francis. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780240821238 . Retrieved 23 August 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Charles Slack (2002). Noble obsession : Charles Goodyear, Thomas Hancock, and the race to unlock the greatest industrial secret of the nineteenth century . Hyperion. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780786867899 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 49942707 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49942707) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "The History of Hair Ties: When Were Hair Ties Invented?" (https://burlybands.com/blogs/news/the-history-of-hair-ties-when-were-hair-ties-invented) . 3 October 2022. This fashion (/wiki/Fashion) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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German model This article includes a list of references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) , related reading (/wiki/Wikipedia:Further_reading) , or external links (/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links) , but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations) . Please help improve (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fact_and_Reference_Check) this article by introducing (/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite) more precise citations. ( January 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Kim Hnizdo Hnizdo in 2018 Born Kim Laura Hnizdo ( 1996-04-13 ) 13 April 1996 (age 28) Hessen (/wiki/Hessen) , Germany Nationality German Occupation Model Years active 2016–present Modeling information Height 5 ft 9 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (1.77 m) Hair color Blonde Eye color Blue Kim Laura Hnizdo (born 13 April 1996) is a German model and the winner of Germany's Next Topmodel (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel) in 2016. Life [ edit ] Hnizdo graduated from the Humboldtschule in Bad Homburg, and began to study law at the Justus Liebig University of Giessen (/wiki/Justus_Liebig_University_of_Giessen) . She is the winner of the eleventh season of the castingshow Germany's Next Topmodel (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel) . As the winner, Hnizdo received a model contract with the Model Agency ONEeins , an Opel Adam (/wiki/Opel_Adam) and prize money to the amount of €100,000. References [ edit ] Kim Hnizdo Steckbrief. In: top.de. Retrieved, 13 May 2016. Olga Scheer: Auftritt bei „Victoria's Secret" als Traum. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (/wiki/Frankfurter_Allgemeine_Zeitung) . 4 May 2016, retrieved 13 May 2016. "Germany's next Topmodel 2016"-Star Kim Hnizdo Erste Worte der Gewinnerin. In: ProSieben (/wiki/ProSieben) . 13 May 2016, retrieved 13 May 2016. v t e Germany's Next Topmodel (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel) Seasons 1 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_1) 2 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_2) 3 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_3) 4 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_4) 5 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_5) 6 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_6) 7 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_7) 8 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_8) 9 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_9) 10 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_10) 11 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_11) 12 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_12) 13 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_13) 14 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_14) 15 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_15) 16 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_16) 17 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_17) 18 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_18) 19 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_19) Contestants (/wiki/List_of_Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_contestants) Winners Lena Gercke (/wiki/Lena_Gercke) Barbara Meier (/wiki/Barbara_Meier) Jennifer Hof (/wiki/Jennifer_Hof) Sara Nuru (/wiki/Sara_Nuru) Alisar Ailabouni (/wiki/Alisar_Ailabouni) Jana Beller (/wiki/Jana_Beller) Luisa Hartema (/wiki/Luisa_Hartema) Lovelyn Enebechi (/wiki/Lovelyn_Enebechi) Stefanie Giesinger (/wiki/Stefanie_Giesinger) Vanessa Fuchs (/wiki/Vanessa_Fuchs) Kim Hnizdo Céline Bethmann (/wiki/C%C3%A9line_Bethmann) Toni Dreher-Adenuga (/wiki/Toni_Dreher-Adenuga) Simone Kowalski (/wiki/Simone_Kowalski) Jacky Wruck (/wiki/Jacky_Wruck) Alex-Mariah Peter (/wiki/Alex-Mariah_Peter) Lou-Anne Gleißenebner-Teskey (/wiki/Lou-Anne_Glei%C3%9Fenebner-Teskey) Vivien Blotzki (/wiki/Vivien_Blotzki) Other alumni Micaela Schäfer (/wiki/Micaela_Sch%C3%A4fer) Fiona Erdmann (/wiki/Fiona_Erdmann) Vanessa Hegelmaier (/wiki/Vanessa_Hegelmaier) Milla von Krockow (/wiki/Milla_von_Krockow) Gina-Lisa Lohfink (/wiki/Gina-Lisa_Lohfink) Larissa Marolt (/wiki/Larissa_Marolt) Rebecca Mir (/wiki/Rebecca_Mir) Giuliana Radermacher (/wiki/Giuliana_Farfalla) Miriam Rautert (/wiki/Miriam_Rautert) Related Die Model WG (/wiki/Die_Model_WG_(German_TV_series)) Top Model (/wiki/Top_Model) Austria's Next Topmodel (/wiki/Austria%27s_Next_Topmodel) Switzerland's Next Topmodel (/wiki/Switzerland%27s_Next_Topmodel) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/12153833109564330782) National Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/1167887689) This biographical article about a model is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ugly Betty (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ugly_Betty) . Ugly Betty (/wiki/Ugly_Betty) — the American comedy-drama television series (/wiki/Category:American_comedy-drama_television_series) is based upon the Colombian telenovela Yo soy Betty, la fea (/wiki/Yo_soy_Betty,_la_fea) . v t e Ugly Betty (/wiki/Ugly_Betty) Seasons (/wiki/List_of_Ugly_Betty_episodes) 1 (/wiki/Ugly_Betty_season_1) 2 (/wiki/Ugly_Betty_season_2) 3 (/wiki/Ugly_Betty_season_3) 4 (/wiki/Ugly_Betty_season_4) Characters (/wiki/List_of_Ugly_Betty_characters) Betty Suarez (/wiki/Betty_Suarez) Daniel Meade (/wiki/Daniel_Meade) Wilhelmina Slater (/wiki/Wilhelmina_Slater) Hilda Suarez (/wiki/Hilda_Suarez) Ignacio Suarez (/wiki/Ignacio_Suarez) Justin Suarez (/wiki/Justin_Suarez) Bradford Meade (/wiki/Bradford_Meade) Claire Meade (/wiki/Claire_Meade) Alexis Meade (/wiki/Alexis_Meade) Christina McKinney (/wiki/Christina_McKinney) Amanda Tanen (/wiki/Amanda_Tanen) Marc St. James (/wiki/Marc_St._James) Henry Grubstick (/wiki/Henry_Grubstick) Related articles Awards (/wiki/List_of_Ugly_Betty_awards_and_nominations) Yo soy Betty, la fea (/wiki/Yo_soy_Betty,_la_fea) (original telenovela) " Betty (You Are Beautiful) (/wiki/Big_Girl_(You_Are_Beautiful)) " Betty en NY (/wiki/Betty_en_NY) v t e Yo soy Betty, la fea by Fernando Gaitán (/wiki/Fernando_Gait%C3%A1n) Original work Yo soy Betty, la fea (/wiki/Yo_soy_Betty,_la_fea) (1999–01) Sequels and spin-offs Betty Toons (/wiki/Betty_Toons) (2002–03) Betty, la fea: la historia continúa (/wiki/Betty,_la_fea:_la_historia_contin%C3%BAa) (2024) Adaptations Jassi Jaissi Koi Nahin (/wiki/Jassi_Jaissi_Koi_Nahin) (India) Esti HaMekho'eret (/wiki/Esti_HaMekho%27eret) (Israel) Verliebt in Berlin (/wiki/Verliebt_in_Berlin) (Germany) El amor no es como lo pintan (/wiki/El_amor_no_es_como_lo_pintan) (Mexico) La fea más bella (/wiki/La_fea_m%C3%A1s_bella) (Mexico) Lotte (/wiki/Lotte_(TV_series)) (Netherlands) Yo soy Bea (/wiki/Yo_soy_Bea) (Spain) Maria, i Aschimi (/wiki/Maria,_i_Aschimi) (Greece) Sara (/wiki/Sara_(Belgian_TV_series)) (Belgium) Ne daj se, Nina (/wiki/Ne_daj_se,_Nina) (Croatia/Serbia) I Love Betty La Fea (/wiki/I_Love_Betty_La_Fea) (Philippines) BrzydUla (/wiki/BrzydUla) (Poland) Bela, a Feia (/wiki/Bela,_a_Feia) (Brazil) Not Born Beautiful (/wiki/Not_Born_Beautiful) (Russia) Ugly Betty (/wiki/Ugly_Betty) (United States) ยัยเป็ดขี้เหร่ Ugly Betty Thailand (/wiki/Ugly_Betty_Thailand) (Thailand) Betty en NY (/wiki/Betty_en_NY) (United States) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐pbmdx Cached time: 20240720204746 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.124 seconds Real time usage: 0.170 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 413/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 20297/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 749/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 17484/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.086/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1483926/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 143.251 1 -total 56.42% 80.826 2 Template:Navbox 53.75% 76.991 1 Template:Ugly_Betty 38.69% 55.427 1 Template:Commons_category 37.53% 53.768 1 Template:Sister_project 36.38% 52.111 1 Template:Side_box 5.39% 7.716 1 Template:Ugly_Betty_series 3.17% 4.548 1 Template:Replace 2.01% 2.880 1 Template:C 1.51% 2.167 20 Template:Small Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:6952944-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720204746 and revision id 1193887631. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 3 subcategories, out of 3 total. C Ugly Betty characters (/wiki/Category:Ugly_Betty_characters) ‎ (14 P) E Ugly Betty episodes (/wiki/Category:Ugly_Betty_episodes) ‎ (5 C, 1 P) I Ugly Betty images (/wiki/Category:Ugly_Betty_images) ‎ (33 F) Pages in category " Ugly Betty " The following 7 pages are in this category, out of 7 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . Ugly Betty (/wiki/Ugly_Betty) B Big Girl (You Are Beautiful) (/wiki/Big_Girl_(You_Are_Beautiful)) L List of awards and nominations received by Ugly Betty (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Ugly_Betty) U Ugly Betty season 1 (/wiki/Ugly_Betty_season_1) Ugly Betty season 2 (/wiki/Ugly_Betty_season_2) Ugly Betty season 3 (/wiki/Ugly_Betty_season_3) Ugly Betty season 4 (/wiki/Ugly_Betty_season_4) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Ugly_Betty&oldid=1193887631 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Ugly_Betty&oldid=1193887631) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 2000s American comedy-drama television series (/wiki/Category:2000s_American_comedy-drama_television_series) 2010s American comedy-drama television series (/wiki/Category:2010s_American_comedy-drama_television_series) Yo soy Betty, la fea (/wiki/Category:Yo_soy_Betty,_la_fea) Disney Media Networks franchises (/wiki/Category:Disney_Media_Networks_franchises) Television series by ABC Studios (/wiki/Category:Television_series_by_ABC_Studios) Television series by Reveille Productions (/wiki/Category:Television_series_by_Reveille_Productions) American Broadcasting Company television dramas (/wiki/Category:American_Broadcasting_Company_television_dramas) Works about fashion magazine publishing (/wiki/Category:Works_about_fashion_magazine_publishing) 2000s American romance television series (/wiki/Category:2000s_American_romance_television_series) 2010s American romance television series (/wiki/Category:2010s_American_romance_television_series) American television series based on Colombian television series (/wiki/Category:American_television_series_based_on_Colombian_television_series) American television series based on telenovelas (/wiki/Category:American_television_series_based_on_telenovelas) Hidden categories: Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata) Wikipedia categories named after American television series (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_categories_named_after_American_television_series) Wikipedia categories named after fictional characters (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_categories_named_after_fictional_characters)
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Add tags to your draft Editor resources Find sources: Google (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Lilly+Mays%22) ( books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Lilly+Mays%22+-wikipedia) · news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Lilly+Mays%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Lilly+Mays%22) · free images (https://www.google.com/search?safe=off&tbs=sur:fmc&tbm=isch&q=%22Lilly+Mays%22+-site:wikipedia.org+-site:wikimedia.org) · WP refs (https://www.google.com/custom?hl=en&cx=007734830908295939403%3Agalkqgoksq0&cof=FORID%3A13%3BAH%3Aleft%3BCX%3AWikipedia%2520Reference%2520Search&q=%22Lilly+Mays%22) ) · FENS (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Lilly+Mays%22&acc=on&wc=on) · TWL (https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/search/?q=%22Lilly+Mays%22) Easy tools : Citation bot (https://citations.toolforge.org/process_page.php?edit=automated_tools&slow=1&page=Draft:Lilly_Mays) ( help (/wiki/User:Citation_bot/use) ) | Advanced: Fix bare URLs (https://tools.wmflabs.org/refill/result.php?page=Draft:Lilly_Mays&defaults=y) Last edited (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Lilly_Mays&diff=cur) by Gene93k (/wiki/User:Gene93k) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Gene93k) | contribs (/wiki/Special:Contributions/Gene93k) ) 2 months ago. ( Update (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Lilly_Mays&action=purge) ) Submit the draft for review! Lilly Mays is a Russian adult model (/wiki/Erotic_photography_model) and actress known for her work as a webcam model (/wiki/Webcam_model) and in the adult film industry. Lilly Mays first gained attention as a webcam model on the platform Chaturbate (/wiki/Chaturbate) , where she started her career in 2022. She streams on an account that is nearing one million followers, highlighting her popularity on the platform. Early career [ edit ] Lilly Mays began her career in the adult entertainment industry as a webcam model on Chaturbate in 2022. Her engaging presence and performances garnered her a significant online following. Adult film career [ edit ] In 2023, Lilly Mays transitioned to the adult film industry. She has worked with well-known production companies, including Reality Kings (/wiki/Reality_Kings) and Rocco Siffredi (/wiki/Rocco_Siffredi) . Her work with these companies has marked her as a rising star in the industry. Recognition [ edit ] As a new performer, Lilly Mays has been recognized for her contributions to the productions she has been involved with, working with some of the industry's leading figures and studios. References [ edit ] External links [ edit ] Lilly Mays (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm14442800/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Lilly Mays (https://www.iafd.com/person.rme/perfid=lillymays/gender=female) at the Internet Adult Film Database (/wiki/Internet_Adult_Film_Database) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐66546ff478‐5ccd6 Cached time: 20240713140356 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, vary‐user, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.237 seconds Real time usage: 0.384 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1305/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 65026/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 5698/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 22/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 6502/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.095/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2387617/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 346.564 1 -total 68.02% 235.732 1 Template:AfC_submission 65.35% 226.472 1 Template:AfC_submission/draft 58.01% 201.058 1 Template:Ombox 34.21% 118.546 1 Template:AfC_submission/helptools 33.30% 115.408 4 Template:Hidden 17.04% 59.050 1 Template:IMDb_name 11.73% 40.662 1 Template:EditAtWikidata 11.61% 40.233 1 Template:Find_sources 8.94% 30.975 1 Template:Last_edited_by Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:76615345-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713140356 and revision id 1219527269. 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Queen Camilla (/wiki/Queen_Camilla) (left) wearing a Philip Treacy (/wiki/Philip_Treacy) picture hat, while Catherine, Princess of Wales (/wiki/Catherine,_Princess_of_Wales) sports a hatinator (/wiki/Hatinator) A picture hat or Gainsborough hat is an elaborate woman's hat with a wide brim (/wiki/Brim_(hat)) . [1] (#cite_note-1) It has been suggested that the name may be derived from the way the broad brim frames the face to create a "picture". [2] (#cite_note-2) This is a very broad category of hat; some versions may be similar to the halo (/wiki/Halo_hat) or cartwheel hat (/wiki/Cartwheel_hat) . This style featured in virtually every decade of the 20th century, and has a history dating back to at least the 18th century. [3] (#cite_note-Hatatorium_Grantland-3) [4] (#cite_note-Gainsborough_hat-4) History of the hat [ edit ] Thomas Gainsborough (/wiki/Thomas_Gainsborough) portrait of Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire (/wiki/Georgiana_Cavendish,_Duchess_of_Devonshire) , said to be an inspiration for the picture or Gainsborough hat The picture hat was first popularised as a style at the end of the 18th century and is said to have been inspired by the hats seen on portraits of society women painted by Thomas Gainsborough (/wiki/Thomas_Gainsborough) . It was then often known as the Gainsborough Chapeau . Other names included garden hat. [5] (#cite_note-Fashion_Encyclopedia_Bigelow-5) These early hats were large, with a wide brim and were designed to perch on top of the lavish hairstyles popular during this era. Hats incorporated details such as feathers and trims – some are said to have even included whole stuffed birds. [5] (#cite_note-Fashion_Encyclopedia_Bigelow-5) The picture hat became fashionable again from the end of the 19th century – popularised in images of Gibson Girls (/wiki/Gibson_Girl) in the United States and Canada and in the Gaiety Girls (/wiki/Gaiety_Girls) of the London theatre. [5] (#cite_note-Fashion_Encyclopedia_Bigelow-5) [6] (#cite_note-V&A_Gaiety_Girls-6) 20th-century revival [ edit ] London's Gaiety Girls (/wiki/Gaiety_Girls) , here photographed in 1896, helped to popularise the fashion for picture hats In the early 1920s, The Times (/wiki/The_Times) described Paris fashions of large picture hats in black velvet (/wiki/Velvet) trimmed with traditional garden flowers. [7] (#cite_note-The_Times_42739-7) In the same year, the picture hat was described as: "greatly in favour", alongside the toque (/wiki/Toque) . [8] (#cite_note-The_Times_42703-8) As a fashion correspondent noted in 1922, its popularity may have been due to its adaptable nature: "They are wearable in every season, and vary more in the way they are put on than in shape". [9] (#cite_note-The_Times_42918-9) Styles were simpler than those worn in the Edwardian era (/wiki/Edwardian_era) – following the prevailing fashion of cloches (/wiki/Cloche_hat) by including a more close-fitting crown to flatter shorter hairstyles. A 1920s advert for Harrods (/wiki/Harrods) ' spring hats showcased a black straw picture hat with a wide brim embroidered with silk and chenille (/wiki/Chenille_fabric) . [10] (#cite_note-The_Times_42992-10) By the end of the 1920s, picture-style hats were changing shape, as noted by a fashion correspondent: "Hats with higher fronts to the crown are being made, and one new shape has a turned-back brim at the side, in the style of the old-fashioned picture hat, but smaller". [11] (#cite_note-The_Times_45397-11) 1930s designs [ edit ] 1941 picture hat worn by Carole Landis (/wiki/Carole_Landis) in Topper Returns (/wiki/Topper_Returns) A 1930 review of millinery designs created by Madame Agnès (/wiki/Madame_Agn%C3%A8s) – who was also a sculptor – noted a trend towards more unusual shapes for picture hats: "The brims of picture hats are irregular and are attached to the crown in such a way as to lift the front away from the forehead or to form a little point". [12] (#cite_note-The_Times_45403-12) Picture hats remained popular for sporting events and marriages, although by the middle of the decade some designs were becoming smaller. In 1935, The Times described summer designs worn forward on the head, with low crowns and trimmings of flowers, fruit or draped fabric. [13] (#cite_note-The_Times_46973-13) Picture hats continued to be worn for both day and evening events – a Paquin (/wiki/Jeanne_Paquin) evening gown of 1938 included a black velvet model with veil, worn with matching elbow-length gloves (/wiki/Evening_glove) . [14] (#cite_note-The_Times_48169-14) The dramatic picture hat, as worn by Audrey Hepburn (/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn) in the 1961 film Breakfast at Tiffany's , became fashionable from the late 1950s Post-war picture hats [ edit ] Queen Elizabeth II (/wiki/Elizabeth_II) and other members of the British royal family continued to favour picture hats in the immediate post-war years, and they remained a fixture at weddings and sporting occasions. By 1955, however, The Times had announced the disappearance of the picture hat in fashion, as streamlined cloche (/wiki/Cloche_hat) , cocktail (/wiki/Cocktail_hat) and new conical-shaped hats came into vogue. The article noted: "A solitary wide-brimmed classic among some 60 models selected from those now going into the shops...but such a shape has for long been beloved of many Englishwomen, and by comparison the rest of the hats were a chic and challenging assortment". [15] (#cite_note-The_Times_53326-15) The death knell was perhaps sounded too soon, as by 1958 hats were either very large or very small. Parisian milliner Claude Saint-Cyr (/wiki/Claude_Saint-Cyr) was designing dramatic picture hats – relying more on shape than on trimmings for effect – very much in the style that would be worn three years later by Audrey Hepburn (/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn) in Breakfast at Tiffany's (/wiki/Breakfast_at_Tiffany%27s_(film)) . [16] (#cite_note-The_Times_54065-16) During the 1960s and 1970s, the picture hat persisted – although designs such as the pillbox (/wiki/Pillbox_hat) and bucket hat (/wiki/Bucket_hat) were more popular – but tended to have a higher crown. [3] (#cite_note-Hatatorium_Grantland-3) [4] (#cite_note-Gainsborough_hat-4) The Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) archive has a photograph of a Madame Paulette (/w/index.php?title=Madame_Paulette&action=edit&redlink=1) model from 1963 that illustrates the fashion for height as well as width. [17] (#cite_note-V&A_Madame_Paulette-17) By the early 1970s, there was a revival – with memorable examples including the design worn at the Saint Tropez (/wiki/Saint_Tropez) wedding of Bianca Jagger (/wiki/Bianca_Jagger) in 1971, and the outsize model worn by Farrah Fawcett (/wiki/Farrah_Fawcett) at her wedding to Lee Majors (/wiki/Lee_Majors) in 1973. [18] (#cite_note-10magazine_21042011-18) [19] (#cite_note-NY_Daily_News_Nocera-19) Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) showcased enormous Victorian-style picture hats at New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) A/W 2012 The picture hat remains a popular style for events such as Ladies' Day at Ascot (/wiki/Ascot_Racecourse) and its high-profile fans include Queen Camilla (/wiki/Queen_Camilla) , who is known for her wide-brimmed designs. [20] (#cite_note-Buzzfeed_Orley-20) Picture hats still appear on the fashion catwalk; notably Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) included oversized fur designs harking back to in the late Victorian age his 2012 autumn-winter show at New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) . [21] (#cite_note-Vogue_Mower-21) See also [ edit ] Cartwheel hat (/wiki/Cartwheel_hat) Halo hat (/wiki/Halo_hat) Peach basket hat (/wiki/Peach_basket_hat) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Definition of picture hat in English" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130723213706/http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/picture-hat) . Oxford dictionaries. Archived from the original (http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/picture-hat) on July 23, 2013 . Retrieved 22 June 2014 . A woman's highly decorated hat with a wide brim, as shown in pictures by 18th-century English painters such as Reynolds and Gainsborough. NB same definition is given for both "English" and "US English" ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Terminology: What is a picture hat?" (http://thedreamstress.com/2011/12/terminology-what-is-a-picture-hat/) . The Dreamstress . 21 December 2011 . Retrieved 22 June 2014 . ^ a b Grantland, Brenda; Robak, Mary (2011). Hatatorium: An essential guide for hat collectors (1st ed.). Mill Valley, CA: Brenda Grantland. p. 80. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780984785902 . Retrieved 14 November 2014 . ^ a b "The Gainsborough Hat" (https://lifetakeslemons.wordpress.com/2011/02/08/the-gainsborough-hat/) . Life Takes Lemons . 8 February 2011 . Retrieved 19 November 2014 . ^ a b c "Gainsborough Chapeau - Fashion, Costume, and Culture: Clothing, Headwear, Body Decorations, and Footwear through the Ages" (http://www.fashionencyclopedia.com/fashion_costume_culture/European-Culture-19th-Century/Gainsborough-Chapeau.html) . Fashion Encyclopedia . Retrieved 19 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-V&A_Gaiety_Girls_6-0) "The Gaiety Girls" (https://web.archive.org/web/20141129050433/http://www.vam.ac.uk/users/node/9009) . vam.ac.uk . Victoria and Albert Museum. Archived from the original (http://www.vam.ac.uk/users/node/9009) on 29 November 2014 . Retrieved 19 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_42739_7-0) "Paris Fashions". The Times . No. 42739. 6 June 1921. ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_42703_8-0) "Paris fashions: Material and colour". The Times . No. 42703. 25 April 1921. ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_42918_9-0) "The Woman's view: Paris fashions". The Times . No. 42918. 2 January 1922. ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_42992_10-0) "Chic Easter hats from Harrods (advert)". The Times . No. 42992. 29 March 1922. ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_45397_11-0) "Paris fashions: Dress for winter evenings". The Times . No. 45397. 30 December 1929. ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_45403_12-0) "Paris Fashions: Hats for the spring". The Times . No. 45403. 6 January 1930. ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_46973_13-0) "Paris Fashions: British linens for the summer". The Times . No. 46973. 28 January 1935. ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_48169_14-0) "The rustle of silk petticoats". The Times . No. 48169. 3 December 1938. ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_53326_15-0) "Streamlined hats for autumn: goodbye to brims and trimmings". The Times . No. 53326. 15 September 1955. ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_54065_16-0) "The fashion roundabout". The Times . No. 54065. 3 February 1958. ^ (#cite_ref-V&A_Madame_Paulette_17-0) "Tania Mallet in a Madame Paulette stiffened net picture hat" (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1193454/tania-mallet-in-a-madame-photograph-french-leonard-john/) . vam.ac.uk . Retrieved 20 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-10magazine_21042011_18-0) "10 favourite weddings: Mick Jagger and Bianca Perez-Mora Macias, 12 May 1971" (https://archive.today/20141120205017/http://10magazine.tumblr.com/post/4801356864/10-favourite-weddings-mick-jagger-bianca-perez-mora) . 10magazine . Archived from the original (https://10magazine.tumblr.com/post/4801356864/10-favourite-weddings-mick-jagger-bianca-perez-mora) on 20 November 2014 . Retrieved 20 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-NY_Daily_News_Nocera_19-0) Nocera, Kate (30 June 2009). "Farrah Fawcett reconnected with ex Lee Majors after more than 20 years of silence" (http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/gossip/farrah-fawcett-reconnected-lee-majors-20-years-silence-article-1.379226) . New York Daily News . Retrieved 20 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Buzzfeed_Orley_20-0) Orley, Emily. "25 photos that prove Camilla is the duchess of hats" (https://www.buzzfeed.com/emilyorley/25-photos-that-prove-camilla-is-the-duchess-of-hats) . buzzfeed.com . Retrieved 21 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Vogue_Mower_21-0) Mower, Sarah (14 February 2012). "Marc Jacobs/Fall 2012 RTW" (http://www.vogue.com/fashion-week/862769/marc-jacobs-fall-2012/) . Vogue . Retrieved 21 November 2014 . External links [ edit ] The Gainsborough Hat , Library of Congress collection; photograph by Fred Holland, c. 1895 (https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/98501327/) Picture hat in the Metropolitan Museum of Art collection; attributed to Lanvin, c. 1922 (http://www.metmuseum.org/collection/the-collection-online/search/104694) Balenciaga picture hat in the Victoria and Albert Museum collection, 1955 (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O365748/picture-hat-balenciaga-cristobal/) v t e Hats (/wiki/Hat) and caps (/wiki/Cap) List of hat styles (/wiki/List_of_hat_styles) Western (/wiki/Western_culture) culture (/wiki/Western_culture) Formal (/wiki/Formal_wear) Cartwheel (/wiki/Cartwheel_hat) Cloche (/wiki/Cloche_hat) Cocktail (/wiki/Cocktail_hat) Doll (/wiki/Doll_hat) Draped turban (/wiki/Draped_turban) Eugénie (/wiki/Eug%C3%A9nie_hat) Fascinator (/wiki/Fascinator) Half (/wiki/Half_hat) Halo (/wiki/Halo_hat) Juliet (/wiki/Juliet_cap) Mushroom (/wiki/Mushroom_hat) Lampshade (/wiki/Lampshade_hat) 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Picture_hat&oldid=1216866644 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Picture_hat&oldid=1216866644) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Hats (/wiki/Category:Hats) 18th-century fashion (/wiki/Category:18th-century_fashion) 19th-century fashion (/wiki/Category:19th-century_fashion) 20th-century fashion (/wiki/Category:20th-century_fashion) Fashion accessories (/wiki/Category:Fashion_accessories) Formal wear (/wiki/Category:Formal_wear)
Scalp micropigmentation on backside of the head. Image taken before procedure A hair tattoo or scalp micropigmentation ( SMP ) [1] (#cite_note-campos-1) [2] (#cite_note-inkdsmp-2) is a non-surgical, superficial cosmetic tattoo (/wiki/Tattoo) that gives the illusion of a close buzz cut (/wiki/Buzz_cut) hairstyle on a bald head (/wiki/Hair_loss) or density to a thinning crown. [3] (#cite_note-abc-3) The procedure can also be used to conceal scars from hair transplantation (/wiki/Hair_transplantation) and hide the visual impact of burns or scars on the head. Scalp micropigmentation can be performed on all ethnicities. [4] (#cite_note-mh-4) This procedure does not involve local anesthesia during the procedure. In contrast to traditional tattoos, this treatment is superficial in that it penetrates the epidermal (/wiki/Epidermis) level of the skin, and ink is deposited in the upper dermal level of the skin in order to avoid macro impressions. [ definition needed ] [4] (#cite_note-mh-4) The advantages of this procedure is that the hairline can be adjusted or touched up with relative ease. Hair tattoo (scalp micropigmentation) result after procedure The cost of scalp micropigmentation (/wiki/Micropigmentation) depends on a variety of factors, such as location, proximity of the clinic, and the severity of hair loss. The procedure takes three to four sessions which usually last about two hours each. The chosen ink color matches the current color of the hair follicle. Although scalp micropigmentation is a permanent treatment, it can be removed with laser treatment. [5] (#cite_note-5) There are no scientific data on whether people have suffered side effects over the past ten years as long as the ink used is from a reputable distributor. Practitioners [ citation needed ] may opt to perform a small patch test on an inconspicuous part of the scalp before performing the full treatment to rule out allergies to the ink. When researching a location that offers this service, the hairline (/wiki/Hairline) is one of the most crucial aspects of the treatment. If this procedure is not done properly, it can in some cases leave the patron with an unnatural finish. [ citation needed ] History of SMP [ edit ] In the early 1990s, in the Hair Transplant Clinic (https://www.smpatlanta.com/scalp-micropigmentation/) of Sacramento (/wiki/Sacramento) , USA, Dr. Alvaro C. Tranquina developed a ‘dermal micropigmentation’ technique and for 7 years conducted trials with 62 patients. The results were published in the medical journal for the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, and concluded that: “The results proved that Micropigmentation of the Scalp is a safe and effective technique in camouflaging scalp scars” (Tranquina, 2001). [6] (#cite_note-6) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-campos_1-0) Campos, Susan (11 October 2013). "Leg Hair Transplants and Scalp Tattoos: How Hollywood's A-List Fights Baldness" (http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/leg-hair-transplants-scalp-tattoos-639796) . The Hollywood Reporter . Retrieved 7 June 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-inkdsmp_2-0) Inkdsmp (11 August 2023). "smp hair treatment or inkd smp" (https://www.inkdsmp.com.au/smp-hair-treatments) . Ana James . Retrieved 7 April 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-abc_3-0) Elisabeth Leamy (/wiki/Elisabeth_Leamy) (May 31, 2012). "Considering a hair tattoo? Pro's and cons to consider before you commit" (https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/health/2012/05/31/considering-a-hair-tattoo-pros-and-cons-to-consider-before-you-commit/) . ABC News . Retrieved December 16, 2012 . ^ a b Kynaston, Lee (2013). "Scalp micropigmentation explained" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150626125918/http://www.menshealth.co.uk/style/grooming/scalp-pigmentation-baldness) . Men's Health . Archived from the original (http://www.menshealth.co.uk/style/grooming/scalp-pigmentation-baldness) on 26 June 2015 . Retrieved 7 June 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Vendeville, Geoffrey (2016-03-25). "Losing your hair? Consider a scalp tattoo" (https://www.thespec.com/living-story/6405151-losing-your-hair-consider-a-scalp-tattoo/) . The Hamilton Spectator . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1189-9417 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1189-9417) . Retrieved 2019-04-23 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "History Of SMP" (https://www.folisim.com.au/blog/history-of-smp/) . Folisim . 5 May 2021 . Retrieved 1 June 2023 . v t e Human hair (/wiki/Hair) Classification by type Lanugo (/wiki/Lanugo) Body (/wiki/Body_hair) Terminal (/wiki/Terminal_hair) Vellus (/wiki/Vellus_hair) by location Body (/wiki/Body_hair) Ear (/wiki/Ear_hair) Nose (/wiki/Nasal_hair) Eyebrow (/wiki/Eyebrow) unibrow (/wiki/Unibrow) Eyelash (/wiki/Eyelash) Underarm (/wiki/Underarm_hair) Chest (/wiki/Chest_hair) Abdominal (/wiki/Abdominal_hair) Pubic (/wiki/Pubic_hair) Leg (/wiki/Leg_hair) Head hairstyles (/wiki/Hairstyle) ( list (/wiki/List_of_hairstyles) ) Afro (/wiki/Afro) Afro puffs (/wiki/Afro_puffs) Asymmetric cut (/wiki/Asymmetric_cut) Bald (/wiki/Hair_loss) Bangs (/wiki/Bangs_(hair)) Beehive (/wiki/Beehive_(hairstyle)) Big hair (/wiki/Big_hair) Blowout (/wiki/Long_hair) Bob cut (/wiki/Bob_cut) Bouffant (/wiki/Bouffant) Bowl cut (/wiki/Bowl_cut) Braid (/wiki/Braid_(hairstyle)) Brush, butch, burr cut (/wiki/Brush_cut) Bun (/wiki/Bun_(hairstyle)) ( odango (/wiki/Bun_(hairstyle)) ) Bunches (/wiki/Bunches) Businessman cut (/wiki/Regular_haircut) Butterfly haircut (/wiki/Butterfly_haircut) Buzz cut (/wiki/Buzz_cut) Caesar cut (/wiki/Caesar_cut) Chignon (/wiki/Chignon_(hairstyle)) Chonmage (/wiki/Chonmage) Comb over (/wiki/Comb_over) Conk (/wiki/Conk) Cornrows (/wiki/Cornrows) Crew cut (/wiki/Crew_cut) Crochet braids (/wiki/Crochet_braids) Croydon facelift (/wiki/Croydon_facelift) Curly hair (/wiki/Curly_hair) Curtained hair (/wiki/Curtained_hair) Czupryna (/wiki/Czupryna) Devilock (/wiki/Devilock) Dido flip (/wiki/Dido_flip) Digital perm (/wiki/Digital_perm) Dreadlocks (/wiki/Dreadlocks) Ducktail (/wiki/Ducktail) Edgar cut (/wiki/Edgar_cut) Eton crop (/wiki/Eton_crop) Extensions (/wiki/Artificial_hair_integrations) Fauxhawk (/wiki/Mohawk_hairstyle) Feathered hair (/wiki/Feathered_hair) Finger wave (/wiki/Finger_wave) Flattop (/wiki/Flattop) Fontange (/wiki/Fontange) French braid (/wiki/French_braid) French twist (/wiki/French_twist_(hairstyle)) Fringe (/wiki/Fringe_(hair)) Frosted tips 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Scottish luxury fashion brand Brora, Symons Street, London, April 2022 Brora is a Scottish luxury fashion brand, best known for its cashmere garments. Brora was founded in March 1993 by Victoria Stapleton, who is the owner and creative director. [1] (#cite_note-Insider-1) After her family became involved with Hunters of Brora, a 100-year-old tweed mill in Brora (/wiki/Brora) , north east Scotland, she established a retail business, focused on cashmere and tweed. [2] (#cite_note-Frombritainwithlove-2) As of 2018, the brand had 14 stores in the UK and one on Madison Avenue (/wiki/Madison_Avenue) in New York City. [1] (#cite_note-Insider-1) The clothes "are very often made here in the UK." [1] (#cite_note-Insider-1) All of the cashmere is produced in a mill in the Scottish borders. [2] (#cite_note-Frombritainwithlove-2) References [ edit ] ^ a b c "Brora cashmere to open St Andrews store on 25th anniversary" (https://www.insider.co.uk/news/brora-cashmere-open-st-andrews-11958726) . Insider . 2018 . Retrieved 18 April 2022 . ^ a b "Meet Victoria Stapleton of Brora" (https://www.frombritainwithlove.com/meet-the-maker-victoria-stapleton-founder-of-brora-scottish-cashmere/) . Frombritainwithlove . 12 April 2012 . Retrieved 18 April 2022 . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://www.broraonline.com/uk/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.canary‐5f6d5f98df‐dk4c7 Cached time: 20240712071856 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.190 seconds Real time usage: 0.353 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 340/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 4811/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 549/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 8727/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.112/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3023048/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 323.163 1 -total 60.62% 195.917 1 Template:Reflist 55.19% 178.348 2 Template:Cite_news 32.30% 104.381 1 Template:Short_description 16.77% 54.199 2 Template:Pagetype 6.75% 21.799 4 Template:Main_other 5.83% 18.828 1 Template:Official 5.75% 18.589 1 Template:SDcat 1.73% 5.604 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:70565293-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712071856 and revision id 1234035570. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brora_(retailer)&oldid=1234035570 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brora_(retailer)&oldid=1234035570) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing brands of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_of_the_United_Kingdom) Scottish brands (/wiki/Category:Scottish_brands) British companies established in 1993 (/wiki/Category:British_companies_established_in_1993) Clothing retailers of Scotland (/wiki/Category:Clothing_retailers_of_Scotland) 1993 establishments in Scotland (/wiki/Category:1993_establishments_in_Scotland) Clothing companies established in 1993 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1993) High fashion brands (/wiki/Category:High_fashion_brands) Outdoor clothing brands (/wiki/Category:Outdoor_clothing_brands) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia (/wiki/Category:Official_website_different_in_Wikidata_and_Wikipedia)
Fashion brand from Italy Michela Ferriero is a fashion brand (/wiki/Fashion_brand) from Italy (/wiki/Italy) . It is a bridal fashion label that specializes in custom-made wedding gowns (/wiki/Wedding_dress) . It is a family-owned business that originated at Atelier (/wiki/Atelier) Pantheon, a maison with 40 years of experience. Now owned by Michela Ferriero and Antonio Ferriero and based in Grottaminarda (/wiki/Grottaminarda) . [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) Wedding dress with the most crystals [ edit ] Michela Ferriero is a young Italian couturier of bridal gowns. [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) They presented a wedding dress at the Sì Sposaitalia Collezioni fashion show (/wiki/Fashion_show) adorned with 50,890 Swarovski (/wiki/Swarovski) crystals, setting a new guinness record (/wiki/Guinness_World_Records) on April 14, 2023, for the highest number of crystals on a wedding dress. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) Background [ edit ] The dress was fashioned by Michaela Ferriero, one of the co-founders, who conducted a thorough investigation to identify the suitable materials for realising the envisioned design. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) Following the selection of the design, the designer collaborated with a pattern maker and a proficient team of seamstresses to produce the dress. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) The dress features a form-fitting silhouette (/wiki/Silhouette) , a sweetheart neckline (/wiki/Neckline) , and transparent fabric (/wiki/Sheer_fabric) . The gloves are embellished with crystals to enhance the bridge's shimmering effect during movement. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) The bodice of the dress, which would have to sustain thousands of crystals, was built with special care. Individual crystals were sewed onto the tulle base of the dress, the crystal fringes on the bodice, the gloves, and lastly the crystal chains on the back to create a cascade of light. 200 hours of labour went into delicately sewing each jewel. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) [4] (#cite_note-4) See also [ edit ] Cake dress (/wiki/Cake_dress) References [ edit ] ^ a b "Home | Italian Trade Agency" (https://www.ice.it/en/my-home/find-your-italian-partner/company-details/504955/MICHELA-FERRIERO) . www.ice.it . Retrieved 2023-05-12 . ^ a b c d e "Sparkling wedding dress with over 50,000 crystals took 200 hours to sew" (https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2023/5/sparkling-wedding-dress-with-over-50000-crystals-took-200-hours-to-sew-746901) . Guinness World Records . 2023-05-10 . Retrieved 2023-05-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Wedding Dress With 50,890 Swarovski Crystals Breaks World Record" (https://www.ndtv.com/feature/wedding-dress-with-50-890-swarovski-crystals-breaks-world-record-4026796) . NDTV.com . Retrieved 2023-05-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) " (https://indianexpress.com/article/trending/trending-globally/world-record-most-crystals-on-a-wedding-dress-8604145/) 'Stunning': Wedding dress with over 50,000 crystals breaks Guinness World Records" (https://indianexpress.com/article/trending/trending-globally/world-record-most-crystals-on-a-wedding-dress-8604145/) . The Indian Express . 2023-05-11 . Retrieved 2023-05-12 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐79cbf896bd‐tcnlx Cached time: 20240706080551 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.251 seconds Real time usage: 0.303 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 398/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 7719/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 410/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 16196/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.161/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3570715/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 285.985 1 -total 63.41% 181.339 1 Template:Reflist 53.36% 152.609 4 Template:Cite_web 31.35% 89.648 1 Template:Short_description 17.17% 49.115 2 Template:Pagetype 8.79% 25.124 3 Template:Main_other 7.72% 22.077 1 Template:SDcat 1.27% 3.622 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:73781823-0!canonical and timestamp 20240706080551 and revision id 1175855107. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michela_Ferriero&oldid=1175855107 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michela_Ferriero&oldid=1175855107) " Category (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing brands of Italy (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_of_Italy) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata)
14th (/wiki/Category:14th-century_fashion) 15th (/wiki/Category:15th-century_fashion) 16th (/wiki/Category:16th-century_fashion) 17th (/wiki/Category:17th-century_fashion) 18th (/wiki/Category:18th-century_fashion) 19th 20th (/wiki/Category:20th-century_fashion) 21st (/wiki/Category:21st-century_fashion) 22nd 23rd 24th Wikimedia Commons has media related to 19th-century fashion (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:19th-century_fashion) . The main article for this category (/wiki/Help:Categories) is 19th century in fashion (/wiki/19th_century_in_fashion) . 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 13 subcategories, out of 13 total. 0–9 1800s fashion (/wiki/Category:1800s_fashion) ‎ (4 P) 1810s fashion (/wiki/Category:1810s_fashion) ‎ (1 C, 5 P) 1820s fashion (/wiki/Category:1820s_fashion) ‎ (7 P) 1830s fashion (/wiki/Category:1830s_fashion) ‎ (3 C, 10 P) 1840s fashion (/wiki/Category:1840s_fashion) ‎ (1 C, 10 P) 1850s fashion (/wiki/Category:1850s_fashion) ‎ (5 C, 15 P) 1860s fashion (/wiki/Category:1860s_fashion) ‎ (2 C, 21 P) 1870s fashion (/wiki/Category:1870s_fashion) ‎ (3 C, 22 P) 1880s fashion (/wiki/Category:1880s_fashion) ‎ (7 C, 28 P) 1890s fashion (/wiki/Category:1890s_fashion) ‎ (7 C, 25 P, 1 F) H Highland dress (/wiki/Category:Highland_dress) ‎ (1 C, 32 P) V Victorian fashion (/wiki/Category:Victorian_fashion) ‎ (18 P) W Western wear (/wiki/Category:Western_wear) ‎ (1 C, 27 P) Pages in category "19th-century fashion" The following 183 pages are in this category, out of 183 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . 19th century in fashion (/wiki/19th_century_in_fashion) * Victorian fashion (/wiki/Victorian_fashion) 0–9 1795–1820 in Western fashion (/wiki/1795%E2%80%931820_in_Western_fashion) 1820s in Western fashion (/wiki/1820s_in_Western_fashion) A Ammunition boot (/wiki/Ammunition_boot) Aristocrat (fashion) (/wiki/Aristocrat_(fashion)) Artistic Dress (/wiki/Artistic_Dress) Ascot tie (/wiki/Ascot_tie) B Ball gown (/wiki/Ball_gown) Basque (clothing) (/wiki/Basque_(clothing)) Beaver hat (/wiki/Beaver_hat) Bedgown (/wiki/Bedgown) La Belle Assemblée (/wiki/La_Belle_Assembl%C3%A9e) Bicorne (/wiki/Bicorne) Black lounge suit (/wiki/Black_lounge_suit) Bloomers (/wiki/Bloomers) Blue bonnet (/wiki/Blue_bonnet) Bodice (/wiki/Bodice) Bohemian style (/wiki/Bohemian_style) Bone (corsetry) (/wiki/Bone_(corsetry)) Boss of the Plains (/wiki/Boss_of_the_Plains) Boudoir cap (/wiki/Boudoir_cap) Bouffant gown (/wiki/Bouffant_gown) Bow tie (/wiki/Bow_tie) Bowler hat (/wiki/Bowler_hat) Boyar hat (/wiki/Boyar_hat) Bra (/wiki/Bra) Bralessness (/wiki/Bralessness) C Cabbage-tree hat (/wiki/Cabbage-tree_hat) Cape dress (/wiki/Cape_dress) Cavalier boot (/wiki/Cavalier_boot) Changshan (/wiki/Changshan) Chaps (/wiki/Chaps) Chastity belt (/wiki/Chastity_belt) Chelsea boot (/wiki/Chelsea_boot) Chemisette (/wiki/Chemisette) Cheongsam (/wiki/Cheongsam) Chignon (hairstyle) (/wiki/Chignon_(hairstyle)) Christening cap (/wiki/Christening_cap) Cloak (/wiki/Cloak) Clothing sizes (/wiki/Clothing_sizes) Coal scuttle bonnet (/wiki/Coal_scuttle_bonnet) Cocktail dress (/wiki/Cocktail_dress) Corset (/wiki/Corset) Corset controversy (/wiki/Corset_controversy) History of corsets (/wiki/History_of_corsets) Court uniform and dress in the United Kingdom (/wiki/Court_uniform_and_dress_in_the_United_Kingdom) Covert coat (/wiki/Covert_coat) Cowboy boot (/wiki/Cowboy_boot) Cowboy hat (/wiki/Cowboy_hat) Crinoline (/wiki/Crinoline) D Dandy (/wiki/Dandy) Debutante dress (/wiki/Debutante_dress) Dirndl (/wiki/Dirndl) Doll hat (/wiki/Doll_hat) Dolly Varden (costume) (/wiki/Dolly_Varden_(costume)) Draped turban (/wiki/Draped_turban) Dress boot (/wiki/Dress_boot) Dude (/wiki/Dude) E Engageante (/wiki/Engageante) Eugénie hat (/wiki/Eug%C3%A9nie_hat) Evening glove (/wiki/Evening_glove) F Farshi Pajama (/wiki/Farshi_Pajama) Flâneur (/wiki/Fl%C3%A2neur) Le Follet (/wiki/Le_Follet) French (tunic) (/wiki/French_(tunic)) Frock (/wiki/Frock) Frock coat (/wiki/Frock_coat) G Gaiters (/wiki/Gaiters) Gallery of Fashion (/wiki/Gallery_of_Fashion) Gharara (/wiki/Gharara) Godey's Lady's Book (/wiki/Godey%27s_Lady%27s_Book) Gown (/wiki/Gown) Greatcoat (/wiki/Greatcoat) Gymnastyorka (/wiki/Gymnastyorka) Gymslip (/wiki/Gymslip) H Hessian (boot) (/wiki/Hessian_(boot)) Hoop skirt (/wiki/Hoop_skirt) Hourglass corset (/wiki/Hourglass_corset) House dress (/wiki/House_dress) J School uniforms in Japan (/wiki/School_uniforms_in_Japan) Jeans (/wiki/Jeans) Jockstrap (/wiki/Jockstrap) Journal des dames et des modes (/wiki/Journal_des_dames_et_des_modes) Journal des Luxus und der Moden (/wiki/Journal_des_Luxus_und_der_Moden) K Kepi (/wiki/Kepi) Kerchief (/wiki/Kerchief) Knickerbockers (clothing) (/wiki/Knickerbockers_(clothing)) Knit cap (/wiki/Knit_cap) Kokoshnik (/wiki/Kokoshnik) Kosovorotka (/wiki/Kosovorotka) L The Lady's Magazine (/wiki/The_Lady%27s_Magazine) Liberty bodice (/wiki/Liberty_bodice) Locket (/wiki/Locket) Long underwear (/wiki/Long_underwear) Lorgnette (/wiki/Lorgnette) M Magasin för konst, nyheter och moder (/wiki/Magasin_f%C3%B6r_konst,_nyheter_och_moder) Magua (clothing) (/wiki/Magua_(clothing)) Malahai (/wiki/Malahai) Manchu platform shoes (/wiki/Manchu_platform_shoes) Marabou (fashion) (/wiki/Marabou_(fashion)) Mariner's cap (/wiki/Mariner%27s_cap) La Mode Illustrée (/wiki/La_Mode_Illustr%C3%A9e) Monmouth cap (/wiki/Monmouth_cap) Monocle (/wiki/Monocle) Mother Hubbard dress (/wiki/Mother_Hubbard_dress) N National Dress Reform Association (/wiki/National_Dress_Reform_Association) O Ombré (/wiki/Ombr%C3%A9) Orenburg shawl (/wiki/Orenburg_shawl) Over-frock coat (/wiki/Over-frock_coat) Over-the-knee boot (/wiki/Over-the-knee_boot) P Paisley (design) (/wiki/Paisley_(design)) Pamela hat (/wiki/Pamela_hat) Pantalettes (/wiki/Pantalettes) Pantalon rouge (/wiki/Pantalon_rouge) Pañuelo (/wiki/Pa%C3%B1uelo) Papakha (/wiki/Papakha) Peaked cap (/wiki/Peaked_cap) Pelerine (/wiki/Pelerine) Pelisse (/wiki/Pelisse) Petticoat (/wiki/Petticoat) Pickelhaube (/wiki/Pickelhaube) Picture hat (/wiki/Picture_hat) Pince-nez (/wiki/Pince-nez) Pith helmet (/wiki/Pith_helmet) Poke bonnet (/wiki/Poke_bonnet) Polonaise (clothing) (/wiki/Polonaise_(clothing)) Poncho (/wiki/Poncho) Princess line (/wiki/Princess_line) Princess seams (/wiki/Princess_seams) Put on airs (/wiki/Put_on_airs) R Rational Dress Society (/wiki/Rational_Dress_Society) Reticule (handbag) (/wiki/Reticule_(handbag)) Riding habit (/wiki/Riding_habit) Russian Court Dress (/wiki/Russian_Court_Dress) S Sabot (shoe) (/wiki/Sabot_(shoe)) Sailor cap (/wiki/Sailor_cap) Sailor dress (/wiki/Sailor_dress) Sailor hat (/wiki/Sailor_hat) Sailor suit (/wiki/Sailor_suit) Salvation Army bonnet (/wiki/Salvation_Army_bonnet) Sarafan (/wiki/Sarafan) Scarf (/wiki/Scarf) Scissors-glasses (/wiki/Scissors-glasses) Scuttlers (/wiki/Scuttlers) Shako (/wiki/Shako) Shoe buckle (/wiki/Shoe_buckle) Skeleton suit (/wiki/Skeleton_suit) Smock-frock (/wiki/Smock-frock) Smoking cap (/wiki/Smoking_cap) Smoking jacket (/wiki/Smoking_jacket) Spanish cloak (/wiki/Spanish_cloak) Spencer (clothing) (/wiki/Spencer_(clothing)) Stock tie (/wiki/Stock_tie) History of suits (/wiki/History_of_suits) Swedish Dress Reform Association (/wiki/Swedish_Dress_Reform_Association) Swimsuit (/wiki/Swimsuit) T Tailcoat (/wiki/Tailcoat) Tantour (/wiki/Tantour) Tea gown (/wiki/Tea_gown) Tightlacing (/wiki/Tightlacing) Tignon law (/wiki/Tignon_law) Top hat (/wiki/Top_hat) Trade-dollar locket (/wiki/Trade-dollar_locket) Traditional Chinese wedding dress (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_wedding_dress) Traditional Welsh costume (/wiki/Traditional_Welsh_costume) Tricorne (/wiki/Tricorne) Trilbyana (/wiki/Trilbyana) Trousers as women's clothing (/wiki/Trousers_as_women%27s_clothing) U Undergraduate gowns in Scotland (/wiki/Undergraduate_gowns_in_Scotland) Union suit (/wiki/Union_suit) Ushanka (/wiki/Ushanka) V Valenki (/wiki/Valenki) Victorian dress reform (/wiki/Victorian_dress_reform) W Waistcoat (/wiki/Waistcoat) Wamus (/wiki/Wamus) Wasp waist (/wiki/Wasp_waist) Wellington boot (/wiki/Wellington_boot) White tie (/wiki/White_tie) Wideawake hat (/wiki/Wideawake_hat) Wings (haircut) (/wiki/Wings_(haircut)) Witzchoura (/wiki/Witzchoura) Charles Frederick Worth (/wiki/Charles_Frederick_Worth) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " 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Wikipedia portal for content related to 1960s Portal maintenance status: (May 2019) This portal's subpages (/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/Portal:1960s/) have been checked by an editor, and are needed. Additional notes: This portal was significantly updated and expanded in September 2019. Please take care (/wiki/Wikipedia:CAREFUL) when editing, especially if using automated editing software (/wiki/Wikipedia:ASSISTED) . Learn how to update the maintenance information here (/wiki/Template:Portal_maintenance_status#How_to_update_the_maintenance_information_for_a_portal) . Portal topics (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals) Activities (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Human_activities) Culture (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Culture_and_the_arts) Geography (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Geography_and_places) Health (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Health_and_fitness) History (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#History_and_events) Mathematics (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Mathematics_and_logic) Nature (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Natural_and_physical_sciences) People (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#People_and_self) Philosophy (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Philosophy_and_thinking) Religion (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Religion_and_belief_systems) Society (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Society_and_social_sciences) Technology (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals#Technology_and_applied_sciences) Random portal (/wiki/Special:RandomInCategory/All_portals) The 1960s Portal Stonewall Inn, site of the 1969 Stonewall riots (/wiki/Stonewall_riots) "The Sixties", as they are known in both scholarship and popular culture, is a term used by historians, journalists, and other objective academics; in some cases nostalgically to describe the counterculture (/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s) and revolution in social norms about clothing, music, drugs, dress, formalities and schooling. Conservatives denounce the decade as one of irresponsible excess and flamboyance, and decay of social order. The decade was also labeled the Swinging Sixties (/wiki/Swinging_London) because of the fall or relaxation of social taboos especially relating to racism (/wiki/Racism) and sexism (/wiki/Sexism) that occurred during this time. The 1960s became synonymous with the new, radical, and subversive events and trends of the period. In Africa the 1960s was a period of radical political change as 32 countries gained independence from their European colonial rulers (/wiki/List_of_former_European_colonies) . Some commentators have seen in this era a classical Jungian (/wiki/Carl_Jung) nightmare cycle, where a rigid culture, unable to contain the demands for greater individual freedom (/wiki/Individualism) , broke free of the social constraints of the previous age through extreme deviation from the norm. Christopher Booker (/wiki/Christopher_Booker) charts the rise, success, fall/nightmare and explosion in the London scene of the 1960s. However, this alone does not explain the mass nature of the phenomenon. Several nations such as the U.S., France, Germany and Britain turned to the left (/wiki/Left-wing_politics) in the early and mid 1960s. In the United States, John F. Kennedy (/wiki/John_F._Kennedy) , a Keynesian (/wiki/Keynesian_economics) and staunch anti-communist (/wiki/Anti-communism) , pushed for social reforms. His assassination in 1963 was a stunning shock. Liberal reforms were finally passed under Lyndon B. Johnson (/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson) including civil rights for African Americans (/wiki/African_American) and healthcare for the elderly (/wiki/Medicare_(United_States)) and the poor (/wiki/Medicaid) . Despite his large-scale Great Society (/wiki/Great_Society) programs, Johnson was increasingly reviled by the New Left (/wiki/New_Left) at home and abroad. The heavy-handed American role in the Vietnam War (/wiki/Vietnam_War) outraged student protestors across the globe, as they found peasant rebellion typified by Ho Chi Minh (/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh) and Che Guevara (/wiki/Che_Guevara) more appealing. Italy formed its first left-of-center government in March 1962 with a coalition of Christian Democrats (/wiki/Christian_Democracy_(Italy)) , Social Democrats (/wiki/Italian_Democratic_Socialist_Party) , and moderate Republicans (/wiki/Italian_Republican_Party) . Socialists (/wiki/Italian_Socialist_Party) joined the ruling block in December 1963. In Britain, the Labour Party (/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)) gained power in 1964. In Brazil, João Goulart (/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Goulart) became president after Jânio Quadros (/wiki/J%C3%A2nio_Quadros) resigned. More about the 1960s... (/wiki/1960s) Refresh with new selections below (purge) Featured article - show another This is a Featured article (/wiki/Wikipedia:FA) , which represents some of the best content on English Wikipedia.. Weather map of Brenda Tropical Storm Brenda (/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Brenda_(1960)) was the second named storm of the 1960 Atlantic hurricane season (/wiki/1960_Atlantic_hurricane_season) . It developed in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico (/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico) on July 28, and after moving ashore over the Florida Peninsula, it attained tropical storm status. It accelerated northeast along the U.S. East Coast (/wiki/U.S._East_Coast) , ultimately peaking as a moderate storm with winds of 60 mph (97 km/h) before crossing the Mid-Atlantic states (/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_states) and New England (/wiki/New_England) ; it dissipated on July 31 over southern Canada (/wiki/Canada) . It inflicted moderate damage in Florida, the worst since Hurricane Easy (/wiki/Hurricane_Easy_(1950)) of 1950, and dropped heavy rainfall as far north as New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . Its total damage was estimated at US$5 million, and only indirect deaths were blamed on it. ( Full article... (/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Brenda_(1960)) ) List of Featured articles Apollo 11 (/wiki/Apollo_11) Stonewall riots (/wiki/Stonewall_riots) The Beatles (/wiki/The_Beatles) Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy (/wiki/Assassination_of_Robert_F._Kennedy) Voting Rights Act of 1965 (/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965) The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan (/wiki/The_Freewheelin%27_Bob_Dylan) Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (/wiki/Sgt._Pepper%27s_Lonely_Hearts_Club_Band) Highway 61 Revisited (/wiki/Highway_61_Revisited) Daisy (advertisement) (/wiki/Daisy_(advertisement)) 1968 Thule Air Base B-52 crash (/wiki/1968_Thule_Air_Base_B-52_crash) December 1964 South Vietnamese coup (/wiki/December_1964_South_Vietnamese_coup) 1968 Illinois earthquake (/wiki/1968_Illinois_earthquake) 1960 South Vietnamese coup attempt (/wiki/1960_South_Vietnamese_coup_attempt) 1962 South Vietnamese Independence Palace bombing (/wiki/1962_South_Vietnamese_Independence_Palace_bombing) 1964 Brinks Hotel bombing (/wiki/1964_Brinks_Hotel_bombing) 1966 New York City smog (/wiki/1966_New_York_City_smog) 1969 Curaçao uprising (/wiki/1969_Cura%C3%A7ao_uprising) September 1964 South Vietnamese coup attempt (/wiki/September_1964_South_Vietnamese_coup_attempt) Coinage Act of 1965 (/wiki/Coinage_Act_of_1965) 1964 European Nations' Cup Final (/wiki/1964_European_Nations%27_Cup_Final) History of Aston Villa F.C. (1961–present) (/wiki/History_of_Aston_Villa_F.C._(1961%E2%80%93present)) 1962 Tour de France (/wiki/1962_Tour_de_France) Voting Rights Act of 1965 (/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965) Aftermath (Rolling Stones album) (/wiki/Aftermath_(Rolling_Stones_album)) Good article - show another This is a Good article (/wiki/Wikipedia:GA) , an article that meets a core set of high editorial standards. Map of Gabon The 1964 Gabonese coup d'état (/wiki/1964_Gabonese_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat) was staged between 17 and 18 February 1964 by Gabonese (/wiki/Gabon) military officers who rose against Gabonese President (/wiki/President_of_Gabon) Léon M'ba (/wiki/L%C3%A9on_M%27ba) . Before the coup (/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat) , Gabon was seen as one of the most politically stable countries in Africa. The coup resulted from M'ba's dissolution (/wiki/Dissolution_of_parliament) of the Gabonese legislature (/wiki/Parliament_of_Gabon) on 21 January 1964, and during a takeover with few casualties 150 coup plotters arrested M'ba and a number of his government officials. Through Radio Libreville (/wiki/Radio_Libreville) , they asked the people of Gabon to remain calm and assured them that the country's pro-France foreign policy would remain unchanged. A provisional government (/wiki/Provisional_government) was formed, and the coup's leaders installed Deputy Jean-Hilaire Aubame (/wiki/Jean-Hilaire_Aubame) , who was M'ba's primary political opponent and had been uninvolved in the coup, as president. Meanwhile, M'ba was sent to Lambaréné (/wiki/Lambar%C3%A9n%C3%A9) , 250 kilometres (155 mi) from Libreville (/wiki/Libreville) . There was no major uprising or reaction by the Gabonese people when they received word of the coup, which the military interpreted as a sign of approval. After being informed of the coup by Gabonese Chief of Staff Albert-Bernard Bongo (/wiki/Omar_Bongo) , French President Charles de Gaulle (/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle) resolved to restore the M'ba government, honoring a 1960 treaty signed between the deposed government and France when Gabon became independent. With the help of French paratroopers (/wiki/Paratrooper) , the provisional government was toppled during the night of 19 February and M'ba was reinstated as president. Afterward, M'ba imprisoned more than 150 of his opponents, pledging "no pardon or pity" but rather "total punishment". Aubame was sentenced to 10 years of hard labor and 10 years of exile, a sentence that was later commuted (/wiki/Commutation_of_sentence) . During this time, the ageing president became increasingly reclusive, opting to stay in his presidential palace under the protection of French troops. Within three years, M'ba was diagnosed with cancer; he died on 28 November 1967. ( Full article... (/wiki/1964_Gabonese_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat) ) List of Good articles History of the Soviet Union (1964–82) (/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1964%E2%80%9382)) Psycho (1960 film) (/wiki/Psycho_(1960_film)) Psychedelic rock (/wiki/Psychedelic_rock) The Rolling Stones (/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones) Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (/wiki/Partial_Nuclear_Test_Ban_Treaty) Led Zeppelin (/wiki/Led_Zeppelin) Black Sabbath (/wiki/Black_Sabbath) Murder of John Lennon (/wiki/Murder_of_John_Lennon) Abbey Road (/wiki/Abbey_Road) 2001: A Space Odyssey (film) (/wiki/2001:_A_Space_Odyssey_(film)) The Who (/wiki/The_Who) The Hustler (film) (/wiki/The_Hustler_(film)) Goldfinger (film) (/wiki/Goldfinger_(film)) Dr. No (film) (/wiki/Dr._No_(film)) The Wild Bunch (/wiki/The_Wild_Bunch) Tommy (The Who album) (/wiki/Tommy_(The_Who_album)) 1961 San Diego Chargers season (/wiki/1961_San_Diego_Chargers_season) Knife Edge Two Piece 1962–65 (/wiki/Knife_Edge_Two_Piece_1962%E2%80%9365) American Airlines Flight 1 (1962) (/wiki/American_Airlines_Flight_1_(1962)) 1965 Burundian coup d'état attempt (/wiki/1965_Burundian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt) Elvis (1968 TV program) (/wiki/Elvis_(1968_TV_program)) 1963 Indiana State Fairgrounds Coliseum gas explosion (/wiki/1963_Indiana_State_Fairgrounds_Coliseum_gas_explosion) 1968–1969 Japanese university protests (/wiki/1968%E2%80%931969_Japanese_university_protests) 1963 Syrian coup d'état (/wiki/1963_Syrian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat) 1966 Syrian coup d'état (/wiki/1966_Syrian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat) The Secret Service (/wiki/The_Secret_Service) The Judy Garland Show (/wiki/The_Judy_Garland_Show) Joe 90 (/wiki/Joe_90) Madhouse on Castle Street (/wiki/Madhouse_on_Castle_Street) Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C. (/wiki/Gomer_Pyle,_U.S.M.C.) The Beatles' 1966 tour of Germany, Japan and the Philippines (/wiki/The_Beatles%27_1966_tour_of_Germany,_Japan_and_the_Philippines) 1964 Zagreb flood (/wiki/1964_Zagreb_flood) 1960 Atlantic hurricane season (/wiki/1960_Atlantic_hurricane_season) Hurricane Debbie (1969) (/wiki/Hurricane_Debbie_(1969)) February 1969 nor'easter (/wiki/February_1969_nor%27easter) 1966 NASA T-38 crash (/wiki/1966_NASA_T-38_crash) Selected picture - show another Kittinger's record-breaking skydive from Excelsior III Credit: Volkmar Wentzel (/wiki/Volkmar_Wentzel) Joseph Kittinger (/wiki/Joseph_Kittinger) sets world records (/wiki/World_record) for the highest parachute jump, the longest parachute drogue fall (/wiki/Drogue_parachute) and the fastest speed by a human through the atmosphere after jumping from Excelsior III (/wiki/Project_Excelsior) . More selected pictures (/wiki/Portal:1960s/Featured_picture) More... (/wiki/Project_Excelsior) Did you know - show different entries ... that The Beatles (/wiki/The_Beatles) (pictured) had 17 number-one singles during the 1960s (/wiki/List_of_number-one_singles_from_the_1960s_(UK)) in the United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) ? ... that The Rolling Stones (/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones) and The Who (/wiki/The_Who) were among the many leading rock bands (/wiki/Rock_music) who emerged from the British rhythm and blues (/wiki/British_rhythm_and_blues) scene of the early 1960s? ... that long-haired males (/wiki/M%C3%A1ni%C4%8Dka) were persecuted by the Czechoslovak communist regime (/wiki/History_of_Czechoslovakia_(1948%E2%80%931989)) in the 1960s and '70s? More Did you know (/wiki/Portal:1960s/DYK) Related portals Modern history (/wiki/Portal:Modern_history) Radio (/wiki/Portal:Radio) Religion (/wiki/Portal:Religion) Sports (/wiki/Portal:Sports) Television (/wiki/Portal:Television) Fashion (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Film (/wiki/Portal:Film) Music (/wiki/Portal:Music) Society (/wiki/Portal:Society) Fashion (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Civil rights movement (/wiki/Portal:Civil_rights_movement) Communism (/wiki/Portal:Communism) 1920s (/wiki/Portal:1920s) 1950s (/wiki/Portal:1950s) 1970s (/wiki/Portal:1970s) 1980s (/wiki/Portal:1980s) 1990s (/wiki/Portal:1990s) 2000s (/wiki/Portal:2000s) 2010s (/wiki/Portal:2010s) Featured biography - show another This is a Featured article (/wiki/Wikipedia:FA) , which represents some of the best content on English Wikipedia.. Sellers in 1973 Peter Sellers (/wiki/Peter_Sellers) CBE (/wiki/Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire) (born Richard Henry Sellers ; 8 September 1925 – 24 July 1980) was an English actor and comedian. He first came to prominence performing in the BBC Radio comedy series The Goon Show (/wiki/The_Goon_Show) . Sellers featured on a number of hit comic songs, and became known to a worldwide audience through his many film roles, among them Chief Inspector Clouseau (/wiki/Inspector_Clouseau) in The Pink Panther (/wiki/The_Pink_Panther) series. Born in Southsea (/wiki/Southsea) , Sellers made his stage debut at the Kings Theatre, Southsea (/wiki/Kings_Theatre,_Southsea) , when he was two weeks old. He began accompanying his parents in a variety act that toured the provincial theatres. He first worked as a drummer and toured around England as a member of the Entertainments National Service Association (/wiki/Entertainments_National_Service_Association) (ENSA). He developed his mimicry and improvisational skills during a spell in Ralph Reader (/wiki/Ralph_Reader) 's wartime Gang Show (/wiki/Gang_Show) entertainment troupe, which toured Britain and the Far East. After the war, Sellers made his radio debut in ShowTime , and eventually became a regular performer on various BBC Radio (/wiki/BBC_Radio) shows. During the early 1950s, Sellers, along with Spike Milligan (/wiki/Spike_Milligan) , Harry Secombe (/wiki/Harry_Secombe) and Michael Bentine (/wiki/Michael_Bentine) , took part in the successful radio series The Goon Show , which ended in 1960. ( Full article... (/wiki/Peter_Sellers) ) List of Featured biographies John Lennon (/wiki/John_Lennon) Bob Dylan (/wiki/Bob_Dylan) Richard Nixon (/wiki/Richard_Nixon) Neil Armstrong (/wiki/Neil_Armstrong) Malcolm X (/wiki/Malcolm_X) Jimi Hendrix (/wiki/Jimi_Hendrix) Frank Zappa (/wiki/Frank_Zappa) Alan Shepard (/wiki/Alan_Shepard) John Glenn (/wiki/John_Glenn) Walt Disney (/wiki/Walt_Disney) George Harrison (/wiki/George_Harrison) Paul McCartney (/wiki/Paul_McCartney) Ringo Starr (/wiki/Ringo_Starr) Hey Jude (/wiki/Hey_Jude) Selected biography - show another This is a Good article (/wiki/Wikipedia:GA) , an article that meets a core set of high editorial standards. Hitchcock, c. 1960s Sir Alfred Joseph Hitchcock (/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock) KBE (/wiki/Knight_Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire) (13 August 1899 – 29 April 1980) was an English film director. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in the history of cinema. In a career spanning six decades, he directed over 50 feature films, many of which are still widely watched and studied today. Known as the "Master of Suspense", Hitchcock became as well known as any of his actors thanks to his many interviews, his cameo appearances (/wiki/List_of_cameo_appearances_by_Alfred_Hitchcock) in most of his films, and his hosting and producing the television anthology Alfred Hitchcock Presents (/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock_Presents) (1955–65). His films garnered 46 Academy Award (/wiki/Academy_Award) nominations, including six wins, although he never won the award for Best Director (/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Director) , despite five nominations. Hitchcock initially trained as a technical clerk and copywriter before entering the film industry in 1919 as a title card (/wiki/Title_card) designer. His directorial debut was the British–German silent film (/wiki/Silent_film) The Pleasure Garden (/wiki/The_Pleasure_Garden_(1925_film)) (1925). His first successful film, The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog (/wiki/The_Lodger:_A_Story_of_the_London_Fog) (1927), helped to shape the thriller (/wiki/Thriller_film) genre, and Blackmail (/wiki/Blackmail_(1929_film)) (1929) was the first British " talkie (/wiki/Sound_film#Transition:_Europe) ". His thrillers The 39 Steps (/wiki/The_39_Steps_(1935_film)) (1935) and The Lady Vanishes (/wiki/The_Lady_Vanishes) (1938) are ranked among the greatest British films (/wiki/BFI_Top_100_British_films) of the 20th century. By 1939, he had international recognition and producer David O. Selznick (/wiki/David_O._Selznick) persuaded him to move to Hollywood. A string of successful films followed, including Rebecca (/wiki/Rebecca_(1940_film)) (1940), Foreign Correspondent (/wiki/Foreign_Correspondent_(film)) (1940), Suspicion (/wiki/Suspicion_(1941_film)) (1941), Shadow of a Doubt (/wiki/Shadow_of_a_Doubt) (1943) and Notorious (/wiki/Notorious_(1946_film)) (1946). Rebecca won the Academy Award for Best Picture (/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture#1940s) , with Hitchcock nominated as Best Director. He also received Oscar nominations for Lifeboat (/wiki/Lifeboat_(1944_film)) (1944), Spellbound (/wiki/Spellbound_(1945_film)) (1945), Rear Window (/wiki/Rear_Window) (1954) and Psycho (/wiki/Psycho_(1960_film)) (1960). ( Full article... (/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock) ) List of selected biographies Fidel Castro (/wiki/Fidel_Castro) Suharto (/wiki/Suharto) Pelé (/wiki/Pel%C3%A9) Keith Richards (/wiki/Keith_Richards) Mick Jagger (/wiki/Mick_Jagger) Leonid Brezhnev (/wiki/Leonid_Brezhnev) Ravi Shankar (/wiki/Ravi_Shankar) Stanley Kubrick (/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick) Keith Moon (/wiki/Keith_Moon) Félix Houphouët-Boigny (/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Houphou%C3%ABt-Boigny) Selected article - show another The 1963 March on Washington (/wiki/March_on_Washington_for_Jobs_and_Freedom) participants and leaders marching from the Washington Monument (/wiki/Washington_Monument) to the Lincoln Memorial (/wiki/Lincoln_Memorial) The civil rights movement (/wiki/Civil_rights_movement) was a social movement and campaign from 1954 to 1968 in the United States (/wiki/United_States) to abolish legalized racial segregation (/wiki/Racial_segregation_in_the_United_States) , discrimination (/wiki/Racial_discrimination_in_the_United_States) , and disenfranchisement (/wiki/Disenfranchisement_in_the_United_States) in the country. The movement had its origins in the Reconstruction era (/wiki/Reconstruction_era) during the late 19th century and had its modern roots in the 1940s, although the movement made its largest legislative (/wiki/Legislative) gains in the 1960s after years of direct actions and grassroots protests. The social movement's major nonviolent resistance (/wiki/Nonviolent_resistance) and civil disobedience (/wiki/Civil_disobedience) campaigns eventually secured new protections in federal law (/wiki/Federal_law) for the civil rights (/wiki/Civil_rights) of all Americans (/wiki/Americans) . After the American Civil War (/wiki/American_Civil_War) and the subsequent abolition of slavery (/wiki/Abolitionism_in_the_United_States) in the 1860s, the Reconstruction Amendments (/wiki/Reconstruction_Amendments) to the United States Constitution (/wiki/United_States_Constitution) granted emancipation and constitutional rights of citizenship to all African Americans (/wiki/African_Americans) , most of whom had recently been enslaved. For a short period of time, African-American men voted and held political office, but as time went on Blacks were increasingly deprived of civil rights (/wiki/Civil_rights) , often under the racist Jim Crow laws (/wiki/Jim_Crow_laws) , and African Americans were subjected to discrimination (/wiki/Discrimination_based_on_skin_color) and sustained violence by white supremacists (/wiki/White_supremacists) in the South. Over the following century, various efforts were made by African Americans to secure their legal and civil rights, such as the civil rights movement (1865–1896) (/wiki/Civil_rights_movement_(1865%E2%80%931896)) and the civil rights movement (1896–1954) (/wiki/Civil_rights_movement_(1896%E2%80%931954)) . The movement was characterized by nonviolent (/wiki/Nonviolent) mass protests and civil disobedience (/wiki/Civil_disobedience) following highly publicized events such as the lynching of Emmett Till (/wiki/Emmett_Till) . These included boycotts (/wiki/Boycott) such as the Montgomery bus boycott (/wiki/Montgomery_bus_boycott) , " sit-ins (/wiki/Sit-in_movement) " in Greensboro (/wiki/Greensboro_sit-ins) and Nashville (/wiki/Nashville_sit-ins) , a series of protests during the Birmingham campaign (/wiki/Birmingham_campaign) , and a march from Selma to Montgomery (/wiki/Selma_to_Montgomery_marches) . ( Full article... (/wiki/Civil_rights_movement) ) List of selected articles Daisy (advertisement) (/wiki/Daisy_(advertisement)) Lyndon B. Johnson (/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson) Muhammad Ali (/wiki/Muhammad_Ali) Vince Lombardi (/wiki/Vince_Lombardi) Janis Joplin (/wiki/Janis_Joplin) Jim Morrison (/wiki/Jim_Morrison) The Doors (/wiki/The_Doors) Grateful Dead (/wiki/Grateful_Dead) Big Brother and the Holding Company (/wiki/Big_Brother_and_the_Holding_Company) Jefferson Airplane (/wiki/Jefferson_Airplane) Summer of Love (/wiki/Summer_of_Love) Woodstock (/wiki/Woodstock) March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom (/wiki/March_on_Washington_for_Jobs_and_Freedom) Civil Rights Act of 1964 (/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1964) Cuban Missile Crisis (/wiki/Cuban_Missile_Crisis) Joan Baez (/wiki/Joan_Baez) The Allman Brothers Band (/wiki/The_Allman_Brothers_Band) Brian Jones (/wiki/Brian_Jones) Bill Wyman (/wiki/Bill_Wyman) Charlie Watts (/wiki/Charlie_Watts) Ian Stewart (musician) (/wiki/Ian_Stewart_(musician)) Ronnie Wood (/wiki/Ronnie_Wood) Counterculture of the 1960s (/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s) Folk rock (/wiki/Folk_rock) Raga rock (/wiki/Raga_rock) Tet Offensive (/wiki/Tet_Offensive) Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. (/wiki/Assassination_of_Martin_Luther_King_Jr.) Barry Miles (/wiki/Barry_Miles) Northeast blackout of 1965 (/wiki/Northeast_blackout_of_1965) John F. Kennedy (/wiki/John_F._Kennedy) 1963 South Vietnamese coup (/wiki/1963_South_Vietnamese_coup) Kwame Nkrumah (/wiki/Kwame_Nkrumah) Bay of Pigs Invasion (/wiki/Bay_of_Pigs_Invasion) Ken Kesey (/wiki/Ken_Kesey) International Society for Krishna Consciousness (/wiki/International_Society_for_Krishna_Consciousness) Star Trek: The Original Series (/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Original_Series) Deep Purple (/wiki/Deep_Purple) The Troubles (/wiki/The_Troubles) Sharpeville massacre (/wiki/Sharpeville_massacre) Vietnam War (/wiki/Vietnam_War) Gay liberation (/wiki/Gay_liberation) Assassination of John F. 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This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/List_of_models_in_music_videos) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 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( December 2019 ) This is a list of models (/wiki/Model_(person)) who have appeared in music videos (/wiki/Music_video) of different singers and musical groups. [1] (#cite_note-radio-1) Overview [ edit ] Models have appeared in music videos since no later than the 1970s; preceding the beginning of the MTV (/wiki/MTV) era, in 1981. A pre-MTV example is Jerry Hall (/wiki/Jerry_Hall) 's performance in the music video for Bryan Ferry (/wiki/Bryan_Ferry) 's cover version (/wiki/Cover_version) of " Let's Stick Together (/wiki/Let%27s_Stick_Together_(song)#Bryan_Ferry_versions) ", in 1976. Frequently, models already have well-established names and faces, with significant public awareness, before appearing in music videos. These include Sports Illustrated (/wiki/Sports_Illustrated) cover model (/wiki/Cover_model) Christie Brinkley (/wiki/Christie_Brinkley) appearing in Billy Joel (/wiki/Billy_Joel) 's " Uptown Girl (/wiki/Uptown_Girl) " video, the early 1990s supermodels (/wiki/Supermodel) appearing in George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) 's " Freedom! '90 (/wiki/Freedom!_%2790) " video, and the various Victoria's Secret models (/wiki/List_of_Victoria%27s_Secret_models) who went on to appear in music videos. In a few instances, individual models have appeared repeatedly in the music videos of one musical performer. Such a model sometimes becomes a signature collaborator with, or muse (/wiki/Muse_(person)) of, that one performer. Examples include Christie Brinkley's work with her partner and later husband Billy Joel, Lysette Anthony (/wiki/Lysette_Anthony) 's work with Bryan Adams (/wiki/Bryan_Adams) during his Reckless (/wiki/Reckless_(Bryan_Adams_album)) era, Tawny Kitaen (/wiki/Tawny_Kitaen) 's work with Whitesnake (/wiki/Whitesnake) in the late 1980s, Linda Evangelista (/wiki/Linda_Evangelista) 's couple of videos with George Michael in the early 1990s, Stephanie Seymour (/wiki/Stephanie_Seymour) 's videos with Guns 'N Roses (/wiki/Guns_%27N_Roses) during their Use Your Illusion I (/wiki/Use_Your_Illusion_I) and Use Your Illusion II (/wiki/Use_Your_Illusion_II) era, and Behati Prinsloo (/wiki/Behati_Prinsloo) 's work with her partner and later husband Adam Levine (/wiki/Adam_Levine) in various Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) videos. Vice versa, model ensembles have appeared in the music videos of George Michael's "Freedom! '90" and " Too Funky (/wiki/Too_Funky) ", Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) 's " Girl Panic! (/wiki/Girl_Panic!) " and Fergie (/wiki/Fergie_(singer)) 's " M.I.L.F. $ (/wiki/M.I.L.F._$) ". Some models have gone on to perform in their own music videos, or to feature as singers in other performers' music videos. These include Caprice Bourret (/wiki/Caprice_Bourret) , Carla Bruni (/wiki/Carla_Bruni) , Cara Delevingne (/wiki/Cara_Delevingne) and her sister Poppy (/wiki/Poppy_Delevingne) , Grace Jones (/wiki/Grace_Jones) , Karen Elson (/wiki/Karen_Elson) , Lisa Barbuscia (/wiki/Lisa_Barbuscia) , Miranda Kerr (/wiki/Miranda_Kerr) , Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) , Sabrina Salerno (/wiki/Sabrina_Salerno) , Sade (/wiki/Sade_(singer)) and Samantha Fox (/wiki/Samantha_Fox) , among others. Models have also appeared in musical scenes, which contain complete songs, within feature films (/wiki/Feature_film) . An example is the opening credits of The Secret of My Success (/wiki/The_Secret_of_My_Success_(1987_film)) , in which Cindy Crawford (/wiki/Cindy_Crawford) and Tatjana Patitz (/wiki/Tatjana_Patitz) make appearances walking to the title song (/wiki/The_Secret_of_My_Success_(song)) by Night Ranger (/wiki/Night_Ranger) . A further example is the opening credits of Cool as Ice (/wiki/Cool_as_Ice) , which features Naomi Campbell and Bobbie Brown (/wiki/Bobbie_Brown) performing for the film's title song (/wiki/Cool_as_Ice_(Everybody_Get_Loose)) alongside Vanilla Ice (/wiki/Vanilla_Ice) . In both instances, separate music videos were also produced for the songs. The Night Ranger video for "The Secret of My Success" featured the band and other musicians only. In contrast, Vanilla Ice's "Cool As Ice (Everybody Get Loose)" video featured scenes from the film, which included the models. The processes of runway (/wiki/Fashion_show) and studio (/wiki/Photographic_studio) modelling have featured, among others, in the music videos of Kraftwerk (/wiki/Kraftwerk) 's " The Model (/wiki/Das_Model) ", George Michael's " Father Figure (/wiki/Father_Figure_(George_Michael_song)) " and "Too Funky", Right Said Fred (/wiki/Right_Said_Fred) 's " I'm Too Sexy (/wiki/I%27m_Too_Sexy) " and Simple Minds (/wiki/Simple_Minds) ' "Real Life" song from the album of the same name (/wiki/Real_Life_(Simple_Minds_album)) . In at least one instance in a music video, a musical performer has directly emulated the earlier work of a model: One scene in Madonna (/wiki/Madonna) 's " Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(Madonna_song)) " music video, from 1990, was an homage to a pose by Madame Bernon; from Horst P. Horst (/wiki/Horst_P._Horst) 's " Mainbocher (/wiki/Mainbocher) Corset" photograph of 1939. [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) Madonna's " Justify My Love (/wiki/Justify_My_Love) " music video was also influenced strongly by the provocative models in the black and white photography (/wiki/Black_and_white_photography) of Robert Mapplethorpe (/wiki/Robert_Mapplethorpe) and Helmut Newton (/wiki/Helmut_Newton) . [5] (#cite_note-5) Table of models and videos [ edit ] If available, the relevant music video is linked from the table. Dancers, actors and other non-musician performances are not usually included in this list, unless they were recognised as professional models around the time of each music video's creation. Likewise, musicians who have gone on to model, as a secondary career, are not included in the lefthand column. Adriana Lima (/wiki/Adriana_Lima) has appeared in a Lenny Kravitz music video. Behati Prinsloo (/wiki/Behati_Prinsloo) has appeared in various music videos for Maroon 5, alongside the band's frontman and her husband, Adam Levine (/wiki/Adam_Levine) . Bella Hadid (/wiki/Bella_Hadid) appeared in the 2015 music video for the Weeknd's "In the Night". In 1983, Christie Brinkley (/wiki/Christie_Brinkley) featured in the music video for "Uptown Girl", alongside her then-future husband Billy Joel. Christy Turlington (/wiki/Christy_Turlington) appeared in the music video for Duran Duran's "Notorious" in 1986. Four years later, she became one of the supermodels (/wiki/Supermodel) in George Michael's "Freedom! '90" music video. Cindy Crawford (/wiki/Cindy_Crawford) appeared in the music video for George Michael's "Freedom! '90" and featured in the video for Jon Bon Jovi's "Please Come Home For Christmas". In 2001, Claudia Schiffer (/wiki/Claudia_Schiffer) appeared in the music video for Westlife's cover version of "Uptown Girl". Emily Ratajkowski (/wiki/Emily_Ratajkowski) appeared in the 2013 music video for Robin Thicke's "Blurred Lines", alongside Pharrell Williams, and models Elle Evans and Jessi M'Bengue. In 2015, Gigi Hadid (/wiki/Gigi_Hadid) appeared in Taylor Swift's "Bad Blood" music video, alongside various other models and celebrities. Helena Christensen (/wiki/Helena_Christensen) was directed by fashion photographer Herb Ritts (/wiki/Herb_Ritts) in Chris Isaak's "Wicked Game" music video, in the early 1990s. The video has been described as iconic. [6] (#cite_note-6) Iman (/wiki/Iman_(model)) appeared in Bobby Brown's "On Our Own" music video in 1989 and Michael Jackson's "Remember the Time" video in 1992. Jerry Hall (/wiki/Jerry_Hall) appeared in Bryan Ferry's pre- MTV (/wiki/MTV) -era music video for "Let's Stick Together", in 1976. Kate Moss (/wiki/Kate_Moss) has appeared in music videos for Elton John, Paul McCartney and George Michael. Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) appeared in George Michael's "Freedom! '90" and Duran Duran's "Girl Panic!" alongside various other supermodels. In 2002, Natalia Vodianova (/wiki/Natalia_Vodianova) appeared in the music video for "I Get Along" by the Pet Shop Boys. The video was directed by fashion photographer Bruce Weber (/wiki/Bruce_Weber_(photographer)) . Stephanie Seymour (/wiki/Stephanie_Seymour) appeared in music videos for Guns N' Roses, in the early 1990s. Tawny Kitaen (/wiki/Tawny_Kitaen) appeared in several of Whitesnake's music videos in the late 1980s. Tyra Banks (/wiki/Tyra_Banks) appeared in George Michael's "Too Funky" music video in 1992, alongside supermodel Linda Evangelista and others. Model Year Music video Refs. & notes Song Performer Link Aaron Philip (/wiki/Aaron_Philip) 2019 " Mother's Daughter (/wiki/Mother%27s_Daughter_(song)) " Miley Cyrus (/wiki/Miley_Cyrus) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7T2RonyJ_Ts) [7] (#cite_note-RS-02072019-7) Achok Majak (/wiki/Achok_Majak) 2018 "Shame" Maxwell (/wiki/Maxwell_(musician)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lOG23DUV1WM) [8] (#cite_note-Vogue29102018-8) [9] (#cite_note-RS-17102018-9) 2018 " No Stylist (/wiki/No_Stylist_(song)) " French Montana (/wiki/French_Montana) ft. Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9_k_goMr5ZI) Adesuwa Aighewi (/wiki/Adesuwa_Aighewi) 2011 " Bonfire (/wiki/Bonfire_(Childish_Gambino_song)) " Childish Gambino (/wiki/Childish_Gambino) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SoAgavJxkrQ) [10] (#cite_note-BoF-AdesuwaAighewi-10) 2011 " Heartbeat (/wiki/Heartbeat_(Childish_Gambino_song)) " Childish Gambino YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dFVxGRekRSg) [10] (#cite_note-BoF-AdesuwaAighewi-10) [11] (#cite_note-Vogue-Cameos1970s-11) 2016 "Woman" Diana Gordon (/wiki/Diana_Gordon_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=66a_FDzXRNk) [10] (#cite_note-BoF-AdesuwaAighewi-10) Adonis Bosso (/wiki/Adonis_Bosso) 2018 "Shame" Maxwell (/wiki/Maxwell_(musician)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lOG23DUV1WM) [8] (#cite_note-Vogue29102018-8) [9] (#cite_note-RS-17102018-9) Adriana Lima (/wiki/Adriana_Lima) 2002 " Yesterday Is Gone (My Dear Kay) (/wiki/Yesterday_Is_Gone_(My_Dear_Kay)) " Lenny Kravitz (/wiki/Lenny_Kravitz) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1zGJZSvuBfI) [12] (#cite_note-12) Adut Akech (/wiki/Adut_Akech) 2019 " Brown Skin Girl (/wiki/Brown_Skin_Girl) " (Black is King video) Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) ft. Saint Jhn (/wiki/Saint_Jhn) & Wizkid (/wiki/Wizkid) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vRFS0MYTC1I) [11] (#cite_note-Vogue-Cameos1970s-11) Adwoa Aboah (/wiki/Adwoa_Aboah) 2017 " (No One Knows Me) Like the Piano (/wiki/(No_One_Knows_Me)_Like_the_Piano) " Sampha (/wiki/Sampha) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_NSuIYwBxu4) [11] (#cite_note-Vogue-Cameos1970s-11) 2011 " Carbonated (/wiki/Carbonated_(song)) " Mount Kimbie (/wiki/Mount_Kimbie) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GRVwtSmgKP8) Agyness Deyn (/wiki/Agyness_Deyn) 2011 " Iron (/wiki/Iron_(Woodkid_song)) " Woodkid (/wiki/Woodkid) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSkb0kDacjs) [13] (#cite_note-13) Aiden Curtiss (/wiki/Aiden_Curtiss) 2018 " No Stylist (/wiki/No_Stylist_(song)) " French Montana (/wiki/French_Montana) ft. Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9_k_goMr5ZI) Alek Wek (/wiki/Alek_Wek) 1995 " GoldenEye (/wiki/GoldenEye_(song)) " Tina Turner (/wiki/Tina_Turner) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hGQ97tCTOs) [14] (#cite_note-FT-AlekWek-14) 1997 " Got 'til It's Gone (/wiki/Got_%27til_It%27s_Gone) " Janet Jackson (/wiki/Janet_Jackson) ft. Q-Tip (/wiki/Q-Tip_(musician)) and Joni Mitchell (/wiki/Joni_Mitchell) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uznTHSEgx4U) [14] (#cite_note-FT-AlekWek-14) 1997 " Put Your Hands Where My Eyes Could See (/wiki/Put_Your_Hands_Where_My_Eyes_Could_See) " Busta Rhymes (/wiki/Busta_Rhymes) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GSoQDaXh144) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 1999 " Every You Every Me (/wiki/Every_You_Every_Me) " Placebo (/wiki/Placebo_(band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OMaycNcPsHI) Alessandra Ambrosio (/wiki/Alessandra_Ambrosio) 2016 " M.I.L.F. $ (/wiki/M.I.L.F._$) " Fergie (/wiki/Fergie_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsUWK-fixiA) [17] (#cite_note-Wmag-MILF$-17) [18] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-MILF$-18) 2016 " Wolves (/wiki/Wolves_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsA84bXrBZw) [19] (#cite_note-Harpers-Wolves-19) [20] (#cite_note-Vogue-Wolves-20) Alex Dunstan (/wiki/Alex_Dunstan) 2018 " I Want Your Love (/wiki/I_Want_Your_Love_(Chic_song)) " Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuuZIOx96Lw) [21] (#cite_note-Fashionista-IWantYourLove-21) [22] (#cite_note-TheFashionisto-IWantYourLove-22) [23] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-IWantYourLove-23) Alex Lundqvist (/wiki/Alex_Lundqvist) 2007 " Clumsy (/wiki/Clumsy_(Fergie_song)) " Fergie (/wiki/Fergie_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tf_gPZSDIxI) [24] (#cite_note-TFS-48Hottest-24) [25] (#cite_note-25) Alexa Chung (/wiki/Alexa_Chung) 2002 " Down Boy (/wiki/Down_Boy) " Holly Valance (/wiki/Holly_Valance) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ipVmmcHoeyA) [26] (#cite_note-26) 2003 " Lost Without You (/wiki/Lost_Without_You_(Delta_Goodrem_song)) " Delta Goodrem (/wiki/Delta_Goodrem) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YMYUYtsUGgg) [27] (#cite_note-VogueAu-Celebrities-27) 2003 " Hey Whatever (/wiki/Hey_Whatever) " Westlife (/wiki/Westlife) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4V644AyWt3M) [27] (#cite_note-VogueAu-Celebrities-27) 2008 " My Mistakes Were Made for You (/wiki/My_Mistakes_Were_Made_for_You) " The Last Shadow Puppets (/wiki/The_Last_Shadow_Puppets) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9cQloro92xA) [28] (#cite_note-28) 2017 "Dance With Me" Cam Avery (/wiki/Cam_Avery) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OHT-F6ZO3Jk) [29] (#cite_note-Elle1-29) [30] (#cite_note-30) Alexandra Crandell (/wiki/Alexandra_Crandell) 2007 " Falling Down (/wiki/Falling_Down_(Duran_Duran_song)) " Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TplEakRFx0M) 2005 " No Promises (/wiki/No_Promises_(Bryan_Rice_song)) " Shayne Ward (/wiki/Shayne_Ward) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HLphrgQFHUQ) Alexandra Elizabeth Ljadov (/w/index.php?title=Alexandra_Elizabeth_Ljadov&action=edit&redlink=1) 2019 " Don't Start Now (/wiki/Don%27t_Start_Now) " Dua Lipa (/wiki/Dua_Lipa) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oygrmJFKYZY) [31] (#cite_note-OD-DontStartNow-31) [32] (#cite_note-TheList-DontStartNow-32) Alexis Ren (/wiki/Alexis_Ren) 2015 "Silverlined" XYconstant YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-fD9dOSYpU) 2016 " Hey (/wiki/Hey_(Fais_song)) " Fais (/wiki/Fais_(musician)) ft. Afrojack (/wiki/Afrojack) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xHUIbFNO0II) 2016 "Is It Love" 3lau (/wiki/3lau) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=36ECWmkmaXY) 2017 " Paris (/wiki/Paris_(The_Chainsmokers_song)) " (lyric video) The Chainsmokers (/wiki/The_Chainsmokers) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RhU9MZ98jxo) [33] (#cite_note-33) 2019 " South of the Border (/wiki/South_of_the_Border_(Ed_Sheeran_song)) " Ed Sheeran (/wiki/Ed_Sheeran) ft. Camila Cabello (/wiki/Camila_Cabello) & Cardi B (/wiki/Cardi_B) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UPOT2tgY9QQ) [34] (#cite_note-34) [35] (#cite_note-35) Ali Michael (/wiki/Ali_Michael) 2016 " On Hold (/wiki/On_Hold) " The xx (/wiki/The_xx) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=blJKoXWlqJk) [36] (#cite_note-36) Aliz Menyhert (/w/index.php?title=Aliz_Menyhert&action=edit&redlink=1) 2017 "Heaven" Dimitri YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ecYn6bUNpLA) Alla Kostromichova (/wiki/Alla_Kostromichova) 2010 " Monster (/wiki/Monster_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) ft. Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) , Rick Ross (/wiki/Rick_Ross) , Nicki Minaj (/wiki/Nicki_Minaj) & Bon Iver (/wiki/Bon_Iver) Alyssa Sutherland (/wiki/Alyssa_Sutherland) 2004 " Where Are We Runnin'? (/wiki/Where_Are_We_Runnin%27%3F) " Lenny Kravitz (/wiki/Lenny_Kravitz) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MSL6o8sePlg) Amanda Cazalet (/w/index.php?title=Amanda_Cazalet&action=edit&redlink=1) 1990 " Justify My Love (/wiki/Justify_My_Love) " Madonna (/wiki/Madonna) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Np_Y740aReI) [37] (#cite_note-tid-37) Amanda Fields (/wiki/Amanda_Fields) 2009 " Your Decision (/wiki/Your_Decision) " Alice in Chains (/wiki/Alice_in_Chains) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2D37POA11KY) [38] (#cite_note-38) Amber Rose (/wiki/Amber_Rose) 2008 " Put On (/wiki/Put_On) " Young Jeezy (/wiki/Young_Jeezy) ft. Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1aEImx74gLA) [39] (#cite_note-39) Amber Valletta (/wiki/Amber_Valletta) 2008 " Yes We Can (/wiki/Yes_We_Can_(will.i.am_song)) " Will.i.am (/wiki/Will.i.am) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2fZHou18Cdk) 2016 " M.I.L.F. $ (/wiki/M.I.L.F._$) " Fergie (/wiki/Fergie_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsUWK-fixiA) [17] (#cite_note-Wmag-MILF$-17) [18] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-MILF$-18) [40] (#cite_note-hw1-40) Ana Cristina Oliveira (/wiki/Ana_Cristina_Oliveira) 1996 " The Only Thing That Looks Good On Me Is You (/wiki/The_Only_Thing_That_Looks_Good_On_Me_Is_You) " Bryan Adams (/wiki/Bryan_Adams) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=onn8x-qDrtg) [41] (#cite_note-impala-41) 1999 " Can't Change Me (/wiki/Can%27t_Change_Me) " Chris Cornell (/wiki/Chris_Cornell) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XaxI41Oqdfw) [41] (#cite_note-impala-41) Anais Mali (/wiki/Anais_Mali) 2016 " Mania (/wiki/Starboy_(album)#Short_film) " The Weeknd (/wiki/The_Weeknd) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kBsycvSU6r8) [42] (#cite_note-42) Anastasia Krivosheeva (/w/index.php?title=Anastasia_Krivosheeva&action=edit&redlink=1) 2013 " Up in the Air (/wiki/Up_in_the_Air_(song)) " 30 Seconds To Mars (/wiki/30_Seconds_To_Mars) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y9uSyICrtow) Andreja Pejić (/wiki/Andreja_Peji%C4%87) 2013 " The Stars (Are Out Tonight) (/wiki/The_Stars_(Are_Out_Tonight)) " David Bowie (/wiki/David_Bowie) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gH7dMBcg-gE) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) Andrey Kupchenko (/w/index.php?title=Andrey_Kupchenko&action=edit&redlink=1) 2018 " Back to You (/wiki/Back_to_You_(Selena_Gomez_song)) " Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VY1eFxgRR-k) [43] (#cite_note-43) Andrés Velencoso (/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Velencoso) 2000 "El Cielo No Entiende" (/w/index.php?title=El_cielo_no_entiende&action=edit&redlink=1) [ es (https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_cielo_no_entiende) ] OBK (/wiki/OBK) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_hrGNQ0k3LA) Angela Lindvall (/wiki/Angela_Lindvall) 2016 " M.I.L.F. $ (/wiki/M.I.L.F._$) " Fergie (/wiki/Fergie_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsUWK-fixiA) [17] (#cite_note-Wmag-MILF$-17) [18] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-MILF$-18) Ángela Ponce (/wiki/%C3%81ngela_Ponce) 2022 " A Veces Bien Y A Veces Mal (/wiki/A_Veces_Bien_Y_A_Veces_Mal) " Ricky Martin (/wiki/Ricky_Martin) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvxAm1fo1Ok) [44] (#cite_note-44) Anja Rubik (/wiki/Anja_Rubik) 2014 "Chleb" Mister D YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-1-z48cJDbc) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [45] (#cite_note-45) 2016 "Lost Me" Mary Komasa (/w/index.php?title=Mary_Komasa&action=edit&redlink=1) [ pl (https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Komasa) ] YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ctWZFp6b1gQ) Anna Cleveland (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Cleveland&action=edit&redlink=1) 2016 " Wolves (/wiki/Wolves_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsA84bXrBZw) [19] (#cite_note-Harpers-Wolves-19) Anna Maria Jagodzinska (/wiki/Anna_Maria_Jagodzinska) 2019 " The Last Time (/wiki/The_Last_Time_(The_Script_song)) " The Script (/wiki/The_Script) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qw0PuHJrvrM) Anna Nicole Smith (/wiki/Anna_Nicole_Smith) 2004 " The New Workout Plan (/wiki/The_New_Workout_Plan) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ylT16QB6Uig) [46] (#cite_note-46) Anne Vyalitsyna (/wiki/Anne_Vyalitsyna) 2004 " Out Is Through (/wiki/Out_Is_Through) " (Version 2) Alanis Morissette (/wiki/Alanis_Morissette) 2010 " Misery (/wiki/Misery_(Maroon_5_song)) " Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6g6g2mvItp4) [1] (#cite_note-radio-1) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) 2011 " Never Gonna Leave This Bed (/wiki/Never_Gonna_Leave_This_Bed) " Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ADmCFmYLns4) Andi Muise (/w/index.php?title=Andi_Muise&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Antonio Sabàto Jr. (/wiki/Antonio_Sab%C3%A0to_Jr.) 1990 " Love Will Never Do (Without You) (/wiki/Love_Will_Never_Do_(Without_You)) " Janet Jackson (/wiki/Janet_Jackson) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n0dqk6Vybeo) [24] (#cite_note-TFS-48Hottest-24) Arizona Muse (/wiki/Arizona_Muse) 2016 " Places (/wiki/Places_(Martin_Solveig_song)) " Martin Solveig (/wiki/Martin_Solveig) ft. Ina Wroldsen (/wiki/Ina_Wroldsen) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NJlOmDWyoA8) [48] (#cite_note-48) Arthur Kulkov (/wiki/Arthur_Kulkov) 2016 "Полчеловека" (Half-man) Rita Dakota (/w/index.php?title=Rita_Dakota&action=edit&redlink=1) [ ru (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0) ] YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7gug79P-Y4) Ashley Graham (/wiki/Ashley_Graham_(model)) 2016 " Toothbrush (/wiki/Toothbrush_(DNCE_song)) " DNCE (/wiki/DNCE) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UrUJyKsLQeU) [1] (#cite_note-radio-1) 2018 " Girls Like You (/wiki/Girls_Like_You_(Maroon_5_song)) " (Original version) Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) ft. Cardi B (/wiki/Cardi_B) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aJOTlE1K90k) [49] (#cite_note-BBC-GirlsLikeYou-49) 2018 "Girls Like You" (Volume 2 version) Maroon 5 ft. Cardi B YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cBVGlBWQzuc) [49] (#cite_note-BBC-GirlsLikeYou-49) 2018 "Girls Like You" (Vertical Video version) Maroon 5 ft. Cardi B [49] (#cite_note-BBC-GirlsLikeYou-49) Ashley Sky (/w/index.php?title=Ashley_Sky&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 " Otis (/wiki/Otis_(song)) " Watch the Throne (/wiki/Watch_the_Throne) (Jay-Z and Kanye West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BoEKWtgJQAU) Ashton Phillips (/w/index.php?title=Ashton_Phillips&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Ataui Deng (/wiki/Ataui_Deng) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Audrey Marnay (/wiki/Audrey_Marnay) 2002 " How Does It Make You Feel? (/wiki/How_Does_It_Make_You_Feel%3F) " Air (/wiki/Air_(French_band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i0vl-7L-2Ow) Aurélie Claudel (/wiki/Aur%C3%A9lie_Claudel) 2000 " Private Emotion (/wiki/Private_Emotion) " Ricky Martin (/wiki/Ricky_Martin) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N-m9fn1yeEI) Ava Fabian (/wiki/Ava_Fabian) 1988 " Way Cool Jr. (/wiki/Way_Cool_Jr.) " Ratt (/wiki/Ratt) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vo_ITHEVMm8) Aweng Chuol (/wiki/Aweng_Chuol) 2019 " Brown Skin Girl (/wiki/Brown_Skin_Girl) " (Black is King video) Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) ft. Saint Jhn (/wiki/Saint_Jhn) & Wizkid (/wiki/Wizkid) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vRFS0MYTC1I) [11] (#cite_note-Vogue-Cameos1970s-11) Aymeline Valade (/wiki/Aymeline_Valade) 2018 " I Want Your Love (/wiki/I_Want_Your_Love_(Chic_song)) " Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuuZIOx96Lw) [21] (#cite_note-Fashionista-IWantYourLove-21) [22] (#cite_note-TheFashionisto-IWantYourLove-22) [23] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-IWantYourLove-23) Bar Refaeli (/wiki/Bar_Refaeli) 2018 "Nesicha Sheli" Ivri Lider (/wiki/Ivri_Lider) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iQb9uRr1dq4) Barbara Palvin (/wiki/Barbara_Palvin) 2018 "On The Line" Julian Perretta (/wiki/Julian_Perretta) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eHmWBIZ0O7k) [50] (#cite_note-50) 2022 "Miss America" Bazzi (/wiki/Bazzi_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zKkkHz9IE7Q) [51] (#cite_note-51) Barbara Stoyanoff (/wiki/Barbara_Stoyanoff) 2012 "Song for All the Girls" Cisco Adler (/wiki/Cisco_Adler) featuring Young Chris (/wiki/Young_Chris) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VO9SL2q6ZpU) [52] (#cite_note-52) Behati Prinsloo (/wiki/Behati_Prinsloo) 2009 " Rich Girls (/wiki/Rich_Girls_(The_Virgins_song)) " The Virgins (/wiki/The_Virgins) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kVDNcN9Dg_U) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 2014 " Animals (/wiki/Animals_(Maroon_5_song)) " Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qpgTC9MDx1o) [53] (#cite_note-HBUS-53) 2015 " Hands to Myself (/wiki/Hands_to_Myself) " (Victoria's Secret video) Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) [54] (#cite_note-HBUK-54) 2016 " Body Moves (/wiki/Body_Moves) " (Victoria's Secret video) DNCE (/wiki/DNCE) [55] (#cite_note-Vogue-BodyMoves-55) 2017 " Cold (/wiki/Cold_(Maroon_5_song)) " Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) ft. Future (/wiki/Future_(rapper)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XatXy6ZhKZw) [53] (#cite_note-HBUS-53) 2018 " Wait (/wiki/Wait_(Maroon_5_song)) " ( Snapchat (/wiki/Snapchat) version) Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) [56] (#cite_note-56) [57] (#cite_note-57) 2018 " Girls Like You (/wiki/Girls_Like_You_(Maroon_5_song)) " (Original version) Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) ft. Cardi B (/wiki/Cardi_B) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aJOTlE1K90k) [49] (#cite_note-BBC-GirlsLikeYou-49) 2018 "Girls Like You" (Volume 2 version) Maroon 5 ft. Cardi B YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cBVGlBWQzuc) [49] (#cite_note-BBC-GirlsLikeYou-49) [53] (#cite_note-HBUS-53) 2018 "Girls Like You" (Vertical Video version) Maroon 5 ft. Cardi B [49] (#cite_note-BBC-GirlsLikeYou-49) 2021 " Lost (/wiki/Lost_(Maroon_5_song)) " Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U05fwua9-D4) 2023 " Middle Ground (/wiki/Middle_Ground_(song)) " Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ntc2XNAGGMQ) [58] (#cite_note-58) [59] (#cite_note-59) Bella Hadid (/wiki/Bella_Hadid) 2015 " In the Night (/wiki/In_the_Night_(song)) " The Weeknd (/wiki/The_Weeknd) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2iFa5We6zqw) [60] (#cite_note-bi1-60) 2022 " Code (/wiki/Code_(song)) " Offset (/wiki/Offset_(rapper)) ft. Moneybagg Yo (/wiki/Moneybagg_Yo) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8h6zkOfBBlU) [11] (#cite_note-Vogue-Cameos1970s-11) Bernice Burgos (/w/index.php?title=Bernice_Burgos&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 " Work Out (/wiki/Work_Out_(song)) " J. Cole (/wiki/J._Cole) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W5hSdGt2M8w) [61] (#cite_note-DHM-BerniceBurgos-61) 2012 " Diced Pineapples (/wiki/Diced_Pineapples) " Rick Ross (/wiki/Rick_Ross) ft. Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) and Wale (/wiki/Wale_(rapper)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jb6HZa151s8) [61] (#cite_note-DHM-BerniceBurgos-61) 2016 " Do You Mind (/wiki/Do_You_Mind_(DJ_Khaled_song)) " DJ Khaled (/wiki/DJ_Khaled) ft. Nicki Minaj (/wiki/Nicki_Minaj) , Chris Brown (/wiki/Chris_Brown) , Jeremih (/wiki/Jeremih) , Future (/wiki/Future_(rapper)) , August Alsina (/wiki/August_Alsina) and Rick Ross (/wiki/Rick_Ross) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_xGhK6qgPtM) [61] (#cite_note-DHM-BerniceBurgos-61) 2019 " Stubborn Ass (/wiki/Stubborn_Ass) " Young M.A (/wiki/Young_M.A) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vmZAWAYrMbc) [61] (#cite_note-DHM-BerniceBurgos-61) 2020 " Body (/wiki/Body_(Megan_Thee_Stallion_song)) " Megan Thee Stallion (/wiki/Megan_Thee_Stallion) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7PBYGu4Az8s) [62] (#cite_note-HB-Body-62) Beverly Peele (/wiki/Beverly_Peele) 1992 " Too Funky (/wiki/Too_Funky) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQ2DVwSVIIo) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) [63] (#cite_note-Cherie-TooFunky-63) 1995 " Freek'n You (/wiki/Freek%27n_You) " Jodeci (/wiki/Jodeci) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oYwL-FzFDKQ) [64] (#cite_note-TGJ-FreeknYou-64) Blac Chyna (/wiki/Blac_Chyna) 2010 " Monster (/wiki/Monster_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) , Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) , Rick Ross (/wiki/Rick_Ross) , Nicki Minaj (/wiki/Nicki_Minaj) and Bon Iver (/wiki/Bon_Iver) [65] (#cite_note-CFM-BlacChyna-65) 2011 " Rack City (/wiki/Rack_City) " Tyga (/wiki/Tyga) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AE3yia1AJeQ) [65] (#cite_note-CFM-BlacChyna-65) 2012 " Come on a Cone (/wiki/Come_on_a_Cone) " Nicki Minaj [65] (#cite_note-CFM-BlacChyna-65) 2017 " Rake It Up (/wiki/Rake_It_Up) " Yo Gotti (/wiki/Yo_Gotti) ft. Nicki Minaj YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OrSadmwmmAs) [66] (#cite_note-66) [67] (#cite_note-67) 2020 " Body (/wiki/Body_(Megan_Thee_Stallion_song)) " Megan Thee Stallion (/wiki/Megan_Thee_Stallion) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7PBYGu4Az8s) [62] (#cite_note-HB-Body-62) 2020 "TUTU" 6ix9ine (/wiki/6ix9ine) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jV1v2Cy1w30) [68] (#cite_note-68) Bobbie Brown (/wiki/Bobbie_Brown) 1988 "I'm on to You" Hurricane (/wiki/Hurricane_(American_band)) 1989 " Once Bitten, Twice Shy (/wiki/Once_Bitten,_Twice_Shy) " Great White (/wiki/Great_White) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bz61YQWZuYU) [69] (#cite_note-rs1-69) 1989 " House of Broken Love (/wiki/House_of_Broken_Love) " Great White 1990 " Cherry Pie (/wiki/Cherry_Pie_(Warrant_song)) " Warrant (/wiki/Warrant_(American_band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OjyZKfdwlng) [70] (#cite_note-70) 1990 " Sittin' in the Lap of Luxury (/wiki/Sittin%27_in_the_Lap_of_Luxury) " Louie Louie (/wiki/Louie_Louie_(musician)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iBPkOI2ZmB0) 1991 " Cool as Ice (Everybody Get Loose) (/wiki/Cool_as_Ice_(Everybody_Get_Loose)) " Vanilla Ice (/wiki/Vanilla_Ice) [nb 1] (#cite_note-71) 2016 " She's Tight (/wiki/She%27s_Tight) " Steel Panther (/wiki/Steel_Panther) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H9uXm0-tZ1g) [71] (#cite_note-72) [72] (#cite_note-73) Brad Alphonso (/w/index.php?title=Brad_Alphonso&action=edit&redlink=1) 2012 " Girl Gone Wild (/wiki/Girl_Gone_Wild) " Madonna (/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tYkwziTrv5o) Bradley Soileau (/wiki/Bradley_Soileau) 2011 " Born To Die (/wiki/Born_To_Die_(song)) " Lana Del Rey (/wiki/Lana_Del_Rey) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bag1gUxuU0g) [73] (#cite_note-74) [74] (#cite_note-75) [75] (#cite_note-BB-BornToDie-76) 2012 " Blue Jeans (/wiki/Blue_Jeans_(Lana_Del_Rey_song)) " Lana Del Rey YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JRWox-i6aAk) [75] (#cite_note-BB-BornToDie-76) [76] (#cite_note-77) 2014 " West Coast (/wiki/West_Coast_(Lana_Del_Rey_song)) " Lana Del Rey YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oKxuiw3iMBE) Breana McDow 2011 " Stereo Hearts (/wiki/Stereo_Hearts) " (Lyric video) Gym Class Heroes (/wiki/Gym_Class_Heroes) ft. Adam Levine (/wiki/Adam_Levine) 2011 " Suck It and See (/wiki/Suck_It_and_See_(song)) " Arctic Monkeys (/wiki/Arctic_Monkeys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TlYJKfunfC0) [77] (#cite_note-NME-BreanaMcDow-78) 2011 "Evil Twin" Arctic Monkeys YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xwir-pg7WiA) [77] (#cite_note-NME-BreanaMcDow-78) 2012 " Black Treacle (/wiki/Black_Treacle) " Arctic Monkeys YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1wznj4lD1Bs) [77] (#cite_note-NME-BreanaMcDow-78) Bregje Heinen (/wiki/Bregje_Heinen) 2012 " Payphone (/wiki/Payphone_(song)) " Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) ft. Wiz Khalifa (/wiki/Wiz_Khalifa) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KRaWnd3LJfs) Brenda Gonzalez (/wiki/Brenda_Gonzalez) 2003 " Let's Get Down (/wiki/Let%27s_Get_Down_(Bow_Wow_song)) " Bow Wow (/wiki/Bow_Wow_(rapper)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gT-ynHdAbyo) 2004 " My Cinderella (/wiki/My_Cinderella) " Lil Romeo (/wiki/Lil_Romeo) 2004 " Drop It Like It's Hot (/wiki/Drop_It_Like_It%27s_Hot) " Snoop Dogg (/wiki/Snoop_Dogg) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RaCodgL9cvk) 2005 " Caught Up (/wiki/Caught_Up_(Usher_song)) " Usher (/wiki/Usher_(musician)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cFkZDhwqoHg) 2005 " Fireman (/wiki/Fireman_(song)) " Lil Wayne (/wiki/Lil_Wayne) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7y0ChoYgSek) 2006 " Snap Yo Fingers (/wiki/Snap_Yo_Fingers) " Lil Jon (/wiki/Lil_Jon) ft. Sean Paul (/wiki/Sean_Paul) & E-40 (/wiki/E-40) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AoA-ByjIf2M) 2008 " Dangerous (/wiki/Dangerous_(Kardinal_Offishall_song)) " Kardinal Offishal (/wiki/Kardinal_Offishal) ft. Akon (/wiki/Akon) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ro7yHf_pU14) 2009 " Replay (/wiki/Replay_(Iyaz_song)) " Iyaz (/wiki/Iyaz) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZoG5jJ3E8rg) 2011 " How To Love (/wiki/How_To_Love) " Lil Wayne (/wiki/Lil_Wayne) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y8Gf4-eT3w0) 2012 " Gangnam Style (/wiki/Gangnam_Style) " PSY (/wiki/PSY) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9bZkp7q19f0) 2012 " As Long As You Love Me (/wiki/As_Long_as_You_Love_Me_(Justin_Bieber_song)) " Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R4em3LKQCAQ) 2017 " Despacito (/wiki/Despacito_(song)) " Luis Fonsi (/wiki/Luis_Fonsi) ft. Daddy Yankee (/wiki/Daddy_Yankee) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kJQP7kiw5Fk) Brenda Mutoni (/w/index.php?title=Brenda_Mutoni&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Bryan McMullin 2007 " Girlfriend (/wiki/Girlfriend_(Avril_Lavigne_song)) " Avril Lavigne (/wiki/Avril_Lavigne) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bg59q4puhmg) Bunty Bailey (/wiki/Bunty_Bailey) 1985 " Take On Me (/wiki/Take_On_Me) " A-Ha (/wiki/A-Ha) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=djV11Xbc914) [78] (#cite_note-79) Cailin Russo (/wiki/Cailin_Russo) 2013 " All That Matters (/wiki/All_That_Matters_(Justin_Bieber_song)) " Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JC2yu2a9sHk) [79] (#cite_note-80) [80] (#cite_note-Vogue-CailinRusso-81) 2013 " Confident (/wiki/Confident_(Justin_Bieber_song)) " Justin Bieber YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=47YClVMlthI) [80] (#cite_note-Vogue-CailinRusso-81) Camila Alves (/wiki/Camila_Alves) 2002 " Misunderstood (/wiki/Misunderstood_(Bon_Jovi_song)) " Bon Jovi (/wiki/Bon_Jovi) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q0Lg_ISGGW4) [81] (#cite_note-82) 2006 " Pullin' Me Back (/wiki/Pullin%27_Me_Back) " Chingy (/wiki/Chingy) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ow8653IgT_Q) [82] (#cite_note-fmdca-83) 2007 " Because of You (/wiki/Because_of_You_(Ne-Yo_song)) " Ne-Yo (/wiki/Ne-Yo) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=atz_aZA3rf0) [82] (#cite_note-fmdca-83) Camille Rowe (/wiki/Camille_Rowe) 2011 "Call Me Back" The Strokes (/wiki/The_Strokes) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ToTNGU8Zaww) [83] (#cite_note-84) 2013 " Alien Days (/wiki/Alien_Days) " MGMT (/wiki/MGMT) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FbK5idPn1mc) [84] (#cite_note-85) [85] (#cite_note-86) 2015 " Weight of Love (/wiki/Weight_of_Love) " The Black Keys (/wiki/The_Black_Keys) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) Candice Swanepoel (/wiki/Candice_Swanepoel) 2015 " Hands to Myself (/wiki/Hands_to_Myself) " (Victoria's Secret video) Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) [54] (#cite_note-HBUK-54) Caprice Bourret (/wiki/Caprice_Bourret) 1999 "Oh Yeah" Herself [86] (#cite_note-RT-Caprice-87) 2001 "Once Around the Sun" Herself [86] (#cite_note-RT-Caprice-87) [87] (#cite_note-88) Cara Delevingne (/wiki/Cara_Delevingne) 2010 "You Can Dance" Bryan Ferry (/wiki/Bryan_Ferry) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eAOzMYLMFfQ) [88] (#cite_note-W-CaraDelevingne-89) 2010 "Shameless" Bryan Ferry YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eqpgGnbTavY) 2013 " Facemelt (/wiki/Facemelt_(Intro)) " (Hunger TV version) Rita Ora (/wiki/Rita_Ora) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) 2014 "Ugly Boy" Die Antwoord (/wiki/Die_Antwoord) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uMK0prafzw0) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) [89] (#cite_note-Standard-CaraDelevingne-90) 2015 "Nothing Came To Me" Donnie Trumpet (/wiki/Donnie_Trumpet) & The Social Experiment (/wiki/The_Social_Experiment) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i3vPr7p7uWs) [90] (#cite_note-91) [91] (#cite_note-92) 2015 "Dope Walk" ASAP Ferg (/wiki/ASAP_Ferg) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JYH1rI_SwKs) [92] (#cite_note-93) [93] (#cite_note-94) 2015 " Bad Blood (/wiki/Bad_Blood_(Taylor_Swift_song)) " Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) ft. Kendrick Lamar (/wiki/Kendrick_Lamar) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QcIy9NiNbmo) [88] (#cite_note-W-CaraDelevingne-89) [94] (#cite_note-Independent-BadBlood-95) [95] (#cite_note-ETO-BadBlood-96) 2017 "I Feel Everything" Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qmV5MW_XAtg) [96] (#cite_note-97) 2018 "River Water" The Spencer Lee Band YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZcD3VR8kt0Y) [88] (#cite_note-W-CaraDelevingne-89) 2019 "Rudeboy Lovesong" Shy FX (/wiki/Shy_FX) featuring Herself and Sweetie Irie (/wiki/Sweetie_Irie) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=73qhlhyaWzM) 2019 " Nightmare (/wiki/Nightmare_(Halsey_song)) " Halsey (/wiki/Halsey_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q_dqfcvTZik) [89] (#cite_note-Standard-CaraDelevingne-90) [97] (#cite_note-98) 2019 "Can't Wait" The Akergirls YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J9jf1qdUU4Q) [98] (#cite_note-Can't_Wait_–_The_Akergirls-99) 2020 " Imagine (/wiki/Imagine_(Gal_Gadot_video)) " Gal Gadot (/wiki/Gal_Gadot) & Friends [99] (#cite_note-Smith-Spark-100) Carla Bruni (/wiki/Carla_Bruni) 2002 "Quelqu'un m'a dit" Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EelX_LwPHbA) 2002 "Tout le monde" Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f1oZeOaxF3Y) 2013 "Chez Keith et Anita" Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XfCCqiolNjk) 2013 "Mon Raymond" Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1TI1LNuPPp8) 2013 "J'arrive à toi" Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dzKgjDO1CdQ) 2017 " Enjoy the Silence (/wiki/Enjoy_the_Silence) " Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pm3bPZ6W5fw) [100] (#cite_note-101) 2017 " Miss You (/wiki/Miss_You_(Rolling_Stones_song)) " Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0garcpH0dY4) [101] (#cite_note-102) 2021 "Quelque chose" Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g-qvPsVxEgI) Carmen Solomons (/wiki/Carmen_Solomons) 2014 " Good Kisser (/wiki/Good_Kisser) " Usher (/wiki/Usher_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1lQtoRFaLsA) [102] (#cite_note-103) 2018 " Money (/wiki/Money_(Cardi_B_song)) " Cardi B (/wiki/Cardi_B) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zUOh09GoQgk) Caroline Cossey (/wiki/Caroline_Cossey) 1985 " Some Like It Hot (/wiki/Some_Like_It_Hot_(song)) " The Power Station (/wiki/The_Power_Station_(band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hw1t7OCESUw) [103] (#cite_note-104) 1985 " Get It On (Bang A Gong) (/wiki/Get_It_On_(T._Rex_song)#The_Power_Station_version) " The Power Station YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O2vHbXI2p4k) Caroline Munro (/wiki/Caroline_Munro) 1982 " Goody Two Shoes (/wiki/Goody_Two_Shoes_(song)) " Adam Ant (/wiki/Adam_Ant) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o41A91X5pns) [104] (#cite_note-ILCR-105) 1983 " If You Really Want To (/wiki/If_You_Really_Want_To) " Meat Loaf (/wiki/Meat_Loaf) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1hEbykBCHqA) Carolyn Murphy (/wiki/Carolyn_Murphy) 2002 " Are You In? (/wiki/Are_You_In%3F) " Incubus (/wiki/Incubus_(band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M90tA302X3k) Casil McArthur (/w/index.php?title=Casil_McArthur&action=edit&redlink=1) 2019 " Mother's Daughter (/wiki/Mother%27s_Daughter_(song)) " Miley Cyrus (/wiki/Miley_Cyrus) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7T2RonyJ_Ts) [7] (#cite_note-RS-02072019-7) Chanel Iman (/wiki/Chanel_Iman) 2012 " Dive (/wiki/Dive_(Usher_song)) " Usher (/wiki/Usher_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OIOntfVPBsw) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) 2014 " Yoncé (/wiki/Yonc%C3%A9) " Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jcF5HtGvX5I) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 2015 " Can't Feel My Face (/wiki/Can%27t_Feel_My_Face) " The Weeknd (/wiki/The_Weeknd) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KEI4qSrkPAs) [105] (#cite_note-106) Charlotte Free (/w/index.php?title=Charlotte_Free&action=edit&redlink=1) 2012 " Look Around (/wiki/Look_Around_(song)) " Red Hot Chili Peppers (/wiki/Red_Hot_Chili_Peppers) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WnisBb2rVOg) 2014 "Ugly Boy" Die Antwoord (/wiki/Die_Antwoord) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uMK0prafzw0) Charlotte McKinney (/wiki/Charlotte_McKinney) 2015 "Punching Bag" Akillezz (/wiki/Akillezz) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hWtZI4AvPYc) 2015 "Can It Be You?" North of Mine [106] (#cite_note-107) 2015 " Might Not (/wiki/Might_Not) " Belly (/wiki/Belly_(rapper)) ft. The Weeknd (/wiki/The_Weeknd) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u1YRjCTxR80) 2016 "I'm Not The One" Pete Yorn (/wiki/Pete_Yorn) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hM3_0pHpoas) [107] (#cite_note-108) [108] (#cite_note-109) 2016 " Body Moves (/wiki/Body_Moves) " DNCE (/wiki/DNCE) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NOBVEq_Bi5k) [109] (#cite_note-110) [110] (#cite_note-111) Chantal Stafford-Abbott (/w/index.php?title=Chantal_Stafford-Abbott&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Chrissy Teigen (/wiki/Chrissy_Teigen) 2007 " Stereo (/wiki/Stereo_(John_Legend_song)) " John Legend (/wiki/John_Legend) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZGC2Zk2fIOc) [111] (#cite_note-112) [112] (#cite_note-113) 2014 " You & I (Nobody in the World) (/wiki/You_%26_I_(Nobody_in_the_World)) " John Legend (/wiki/John_Legend) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pi3bc9lS3rg) [113] (#cite_note-114) [114] (#cite_note-115) 2013 " All of Me (/wiki/All_of_Me_(John_Legend_song)) " John Legend (/wiki/John_Legend) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=450p7goxZqg) [115] (#cite_note-116) [116] (#cite_note-117) 2016 " M.I.L.F. $ (/wiki/M.I.L.F._$) " Fergie (/wiki/Fergie_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsUWK-fixiA) [17] (#cite_note-Wmag-MILF$-17) [18] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-MILF$-18) [40] (#cite_note-hw1-40) 2016 " Love Me Now (/wiki/Love_Me_Now_(John_Legend_song)) " John Legend (/wiki/John_Legend) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rL_NP1mD0UQ) [117] (#cite_note-118) [118] (#cite_note-119) [119] (#cite_note-120) Christie Brinkley (/wiki/Christie_Brinkley) 1983 " Uptown Girl (/wiki/Uptown_Girl) " Billy Joel (/wiki/Billy_Joel) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hCuMWrfXG4E) [1] (#cite_note-radio-1) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 1985 " Keeping the Faith (/wiki/Keeping_the_Faith_(song)) " Billy Joel YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ph7oZnBH05s) 1986 " A Matter of Trust (/wiki/A_Matter_of_Trust) " Billy Joel YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6yYchgX1fMw) [120] (#cite_note-121) 1993 " The River of Dreams (/wiki/The_River_of_Dreams) " Billy Joel YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hSq4B_zHqPM) Christy Turlington (/wiki/Christy_Turlington) 1986 " Notorious (/wiki/Notorious_(Duran_Duran_song)) " Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z9z0e1Wm64M) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 1990 " Freedom! '90 (/wiki/Freedom!_%2790) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kDXtCEMPsEc) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 2002 " With My Own Two Hands (/wiki/With_My_Own_Two_Hands) " Ben Harper (/wiki/Ben_Harper) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aEnfy9qfdaU) Cindy Crawford (/wiki/Cindy_Crawford) 1990 " Freedom! '90 (/wiki/Freedom!_%2790) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kDXtCEMPsEc) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 1994 " Please Come Home For Christmas (/wiki/Please_Come_Home_For_Christmas) " Jon Bon Jovi (/wiki/Jon_Bon_Jovi) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XFF99j-0e84) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 2011 "Girl Panic!" Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sSMbOuNBV0s) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [121] (#cite_note-RS-GirlPanic-122) [122] (#cite_note-Cut-GirlPanic-123) 2015 " Bad Blood (/wiki/Bad_Blood_(Taylor_Swift_song)) " Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) ft. Kendrick Lamar (/wiki/Kendrick_Lamar) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QcIy9NiNbmo) [94] (#cite_note-Independent-BadBlood-95) [95] (#cite_note-ETO-BadBlood-96) 2016 " Wolves (/wiki/Wolves_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsA84bXrBZw) [19] (#cite_note-Harpers-Wolves-19) Claire Collins (/w/index.php?title=Claire_Collins&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Claudia Schiffer (/wiki/Claudia_Schiffer) 2000 " Say It Isn't So (/wiki/Say_It_Isn%27t_So_(Bon_Jovi_song)) " Bon Jovi (/wiki/Bon_Jovi) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GRSB-QZHpXM) [11] (#cite_note-Vogue-Cameos1970s-11) 2001 " Uptown Girl (/wiki/Uptown_Girl) " Westlife (/wiki/Westlife) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0HTexqxo1og) [123] (#cite_note-124) [124] (#cite_note-125) Constance Jablonski (/wiki/Constance_Jablonski) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Cynthia Bailey (/wiki/Cynthia_Bailey) 1989 " Round & Round (/wiki/Round_%26_Round_(New_Order_song)) " New Order (/wiki/New_Order_(band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t1tjQqWqqAA) Daisy Lowe (/wiki/Daisy_Lowe) 2014 " Leave Your Lover (/wiki/Leave_Your_Lover) " Sam Smith (/wiki/Sam_Smith_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=182TRJq9Zt8) [125] (#cite_note-126) Daiane Sodre (/wiki/Daiane_Sodre) 2018 " No Stylist (/wiki/No_Stylist_(song)) " French Montana (/wiki/French_Montana) ft. Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9_k_goMr5ZI) [126] (#cite_note-127) Damaris Lewis (/wiki/Damaris_Lewis) 2010 " Monster (/wiki/Monster_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) ft. Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) , Rick Ross (/wiki/Rick_Ross) , Nicki Minaj (/wiki/Nicki_Minaj) & Bon Iver (/wiki/Bon_Iver) Daniela Braga (/wiki/Daniela_Braga) 2016 "The Wonderful Ones" Ryan Leslie (/wiki/Ryan_Leslie) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ltLJf9QJVK0) [127] (#cite_note-128) [128] (#cite_note-129) Danièle Arnaud 1983 " Sharp Dressed Man (/wiki/Sharp_Dressed_Man) " ZZ Top YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7wRHBLwpASw) 1983 " Gimme All Your Lovin' (/wiki/Gimme_All_Your_Lovin%27) " ZZ Top YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ae829mFAGGE) 1984 " Legs (/wiki/Legs_(song)) " ZZ Top (/wiki/ZZ_Top) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eUDcTLaWJuo) [129] (#cite_note-130) [130] (#cite_note-131) Daphne Groeneveld (/wiki/Daphne_Groeneveld) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) David Agbodji (/w/index.php?title=David_Agbodji&action=edit&redlink=1) 2018 " I Want Your Love (/wiki/I_Want_Your_Love_(Chic_song)) " Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuuZIOx96Lw) [21] (#cite_note-Fashionista-IWantYourLove-21) [22] (#cite_note-TheFashionisto-IWantYourLove-22) [23] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-IWantYourLove-23) David Gandy (/wiki/David_Gandy) 2014 " First Love (/wiki/First_Love_(Jennifer_Lopez_song)) " Jennifer Lopez (/wiki/Jennifer_Lopez) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BfgoiYu9EUE) [131] (#cite_note-132) Deborah Leng (/w/index.php?title=Deborah_Leng&action=edit&redlink=1) 1987 "Cowboys and Indians" The Cross (/wiki/The_Cross_(band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uvRGOur6zD0) [132] (#cite_note-133) 1989 " Breakthru (/wiki/Breakthru_(song)) " Queen (/wiki/Queen_(band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CEjU9KVABao) [133] (#cite_note-134) Debra Shaw 1996 " Fastlove (/wiki/Fastlove) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SHAQlFq6TFg) Denice D. Lewis (/wiki/Denice_D._Lewis) 1986 " The Flame (/wiki/The_Flame_(Arcadia_song)) " Arcadia (/wiki/Arcadia_(band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sed7pWnaroc) 1988 " Kiss and Tell (/wiki/Kiss_and_Tell_(Bryan_Ferry_song)) " Bryan Ferry (/wiki/Bryan_Ferry) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=10YXuOMAnwk) 1991 " Senza una donna (/wiki/Senza_una_donna) " Zucchero (/wiki/Zucchero_Fornaciari) and Paul Young (/wiki/Paul_Young) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V69vs8JmXYM) 1992 " I'm Too Sexy (/wiki/I%27m_Too_Sexy) " Right Said Fred (/wiki/Right_Said_Fred) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u49L-Nu0gGo) Devon Aoki (/wiki/Devon_Aoki) 1997 " Electric Barbarella (/wiki/Electric_Barbarella) " Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MK1g5dMYR3s) [40] (#cite_note-hw1-40) 1997 " Kowalski (/wiki/Kowalski_(song)) " Primal Scream (/wiki/Primal_Scream) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0xBzYsE4y1k) [134] (#cite_note-135) 2003 " Act a Fool (/wiki/Act_a_Fool_(Ludacris_song)) " Ludacris (/wiki/Ludacris) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qfjbe4RKbwQ) [40] (#cite_note-hw1-40) 2006 " Bones (/wiki/Bones_(The_Killers_song)) " The Killers (/wiki/The_Killers) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FufL80hJsP8) 2013 " Just Another Girl (/wiki/Just_Another_Girl_(The_Killers_song)) " The Killers (/wiki/The_Killers) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3BwzP1laWkQ) 2016 " M.I.L.F. $ (/wiki/M.I.L.F._$) " Fergie (/wiki/Fergie_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsUWK-fixiA) [17] (#cite_note-Wmag-MILF$-17) [18] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-MILF$-18) [40] (#cite_note-hw1-40) 2018 " Waste It on Me (/wiki/Waste_It_on_Me) " Steve Aoki (/wiki/Steve_Aoki) ft. BTS (/wiki/BTS_(band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bIv16itYi_0) [135] (#cite_note-136) Diandra Forrest (/w/index.php?title=Diandra_Forrest&action=edit&redlink=1) 2010 " POWER (/wiki/Power_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L53gjP-TtGE) [136] (#cite_note-NYISE-DiandraForrest-137) 2013 " XO (/wiki/XO_(song)) " Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xUfCUFPL-8) [137] (#cite_note-Cosmopolitan-XO-138) 2014 " Pretty Hurts (/wiki/Pretty_Hurts) " Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LXXQLa-5n5w) [136] (#cite_note-NYISE-DiandraForrest-137) Diane Manzo (/w/index.php?title=Diane_Manzo&action=edit&redlink=1) 1987 " Shattered Dreams (/wiki/Shattered_Dreams) " Johnny Hates Jazz (/wiki/Johnny_Hates_Jazz) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ctwqa3QCwMw) 1988 " Pamela (/wiki/Pamela_(song)) " Toto (/wiki/Toto_(band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QCq9751mOFo) [138] (#cite_note-NigelDick-Toto-139) 1991 " Poundcake (/wiki/Poundcake_(song)) " Van Halen (/wiki/Van_Halen) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1uF5xMhfp1c) Dilone (/wiki/Dilone) 2016 " Wolves (/wiki/Wolves_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsA84bXrBZw) [20] (#cite_note-Vogue-Wolves-20) Donna Rupert (/wiki/Donna_Rupert) 1984 " Hot for Teacher (/wiki/Hot_for_Teacher) " Van Halen (/wiki/Van_Halen) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6M4_Ommfvv0) [139] (#cite_note-140) Duckie Thot (/wiki/Duckie_Thot) 2017 " Saved (/wiki/Saved_(Khalid_song)) " Khalid (/wiki/Khalid_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oapebl0bADA) [140] (#cite_note-141) Dylan Penn (/wiki/Dylan_Penn) 2014 " Chains (/wiki/Chains_(Nick_Jonas_song)) " Nick Jonas (/wiki/Nick_Jonas) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U8UX2bbCHJw) [141] (#cite_note-142) [142] (#cite_note-143) Edita Vilkeviciute (/wiki/Edita_Vilkeviciute) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Elaine Irwin (/wiki/Elaine_Irwin) 1989 " Round & Round (/wiki/Round_%26_Round_(New_Order_song)) " New Order (/wiki/New_Order_(band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t1tjQqWqqAA) [143] (#cite_note-Rhino-Technique-144) 1991 "Get a Leg Up" John Mellencamp (/wiki/John_Mellencamp) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7eve-kJHSA) [144] (#cite_note-145) Elina Hsiung (/wiki/Elina_Hsiung) 2017 " El Farsante (Remix) (/wiki/El_Farsante) " Ozuna (/wiki/Ozuna) ft. Romeo Santos (/wiki/Romeo_Santos) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wfWkmURBNv8) 2019 " Runaway (/wiki/Runaway_(Sebasti%C3%A1n_Yatra,_Daddy_Yankee_and_Natti_Natasha_song)) " Sebastián Yatra (/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_Yatra) ft. Daddy Yankee (/wiki/Daddy_Yankee) and Natti Natasha (/wiki/Natti_Natasha) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FjIfxEXOcxo) Elizabeth and Victoria Lejonhjärta (/wiki/Elizabeth_and_Victoria_Lejonhj%C3%A4rta) 2016 " Please Forgive Me (/wiki/Views_(album)) " Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) [145] (#cite_note-Complex-Lejonharta-146) [146] (#cite_note-147) 2018 " Nice for What (/wiki/Nice_for_What) " Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U9BwWKXjVaI) [145] (#cite_note-Complex-Lejonharta-146) Ella Halikas (/wiki/Ella_Halikas) 2023 "Basic Bro" Robbie Tripp (/wiki/Robbie_Tripp) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6gPQsHKnovU) [147] (#cite_note-148) [148] (#cite_note-149) Elle Evans (/wiki/Elle_Evans) 2013 " Blurred Lines (/wiki/Blurred_Lines) " Robin Thicke (/wiki/Robin_Thicke) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yyDUC1LUXSU) [149] (#cite_note-Bustle-150) Elsa Hosk (/wiki/Elsa_Hosk) 2005 "Who's That Girl" Darin (/wiki/Darin_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-IPTklX5st0) [150] (#cite_note-151) [151] (#cite_note-152) 2015 " Hands to Myself (/wiki/Hands_to_Myself) " (Victoria's Secret video) Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) 2016 " Body Moves (/wiki/Body_Moves) " (Victoria's Secret video) DNCE (/wiki/DNCE) [55] (#cite_note-Vogue-BodyMoves-55) [152] (#cite_note-Billboard-BodyMoves-153) 2017 " 2U (/wiki/2U_(David_Guetta_song)) " (Victoria's Secret video) David Guetta (/wiki/David_Guetta) ft. Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RqcjBLMaWCg) [153] (#cite_note-Harpers-2U-154) Emily Ratajkowski (/wiki/Emily_Ratajkowski) 2012 " Fast Car (/wiki/Fast_Car_(Taio_Cruz_song)) " Taio Cruz (/wiki/Taio_Cruz) [154] (#cite_note-Vogue-5things-155) 2013 " Blurred Lines (/wiki/Blurred_Lines) " Robin Thicke (/wiki/Robin_Thicke) ft. T.I. (/wiki/T.I.) and Pharrell Williams (/wiki/Pharrell_Williams) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yyDUC1LUXSU) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [149] (#cite_note-Bustle-150) 2013 " Love Somebody (/wiki/Love_Somebody_(Maroon_5_song)) " Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MU8B4XDI3Uw) [154] (#cite_note-Vogue-5things-155) [155] (#cite_note-156) 2016 "Inseparable" Dima Bilan (/wiki/Dima_Bilan) [156] (#cite_note-157) Emma Sjöberg (/wiki/Emma_Sj%C3%B6berg) 1992 " Too Funky (/wiki/Too_Funky) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQ2DVwSVIIo) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) [63] (#cite_note-Cherie-TooFunky-63) [157] (#cite_note-Vogue-TooFunky-158) Erica Andrews (/wiki/Erica_Andrews) 2007 " Won't Go Home Without You (/wiki/Won%27t_Go_Home_Without_You) " Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VlMEGBsw6j8) 2011 "Don't Make Me Take It" Deborah Vial YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H3rLMoHo_dc) Erin Wasson (/wiki/Erin_Wasson) 2012 " Madness (/wiki/Madness_(Muse_song)) " Muse (/wiki/Muse_(band)) Estelle Lefébure (/wiki/Estelle_Lef%C3%A9bure) 1992 " Too Funky (/wiki/Too_Funky) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQ2DVwSVIIo) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) [63] (#cite_note-Cherie-TooFunky-63) [157] (#cite_note-Vogue-TooFunky-158) Eugenia Volodina (/wiki/Eugenia_Volodina) 2003 " Change Clothes (/wiki/Change_Clothes) " Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Pharrell (/wiki/Pharrell_Williams) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j6G1uwe20wg) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) Eva Herzigová (/wiki/Eva_Herzigov%C3%A1) 1992 " Too Funky (/wiki/Too_Funky) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQ2DVwSVIIo) [63] (#cite_note-Cherie-TooFunky-63) 2011 "Girl Panic!" Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sSMbOuNBV0s) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [121] (#cite_note-RS-GirlPanic-122) [122] (#cite_note-Cut-GirlPanic-123) Fabiana Mayer (/w/index.php?title=Fabiana_Mayer&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Fabienne Terwinghe (/wiki/Fabienne_Terwinghe) 1989 " Round & Round (/wiki/Round_%26_Round_(New_Order_song)) " New Order (/wiki/New_Order_(band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t1tjQqWqqAA) Francisco Lachowski (/wiki/Francisco_Lachowski) 2016 " Wolves (/wiki/Wolves_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsA84bXrBZw) [20] (#cite_note-Vogue-Wolves-20) Gail Elliott (/wiki/Gail_Elliott) 1985 " A View To A Kill (/wiki/A_View_to_a_Kill_(song)) " Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a3pQDMi4W-g) Gemma Ward (/wiki/Gemma_Ward) 2004 " Daughters (/wiki/Daughters_(John_Mayer_song)) " John Mayer (/wiki/John_Mayer) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rZLbUIa7exE) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 2016 " M.I.L.F. $ (/wiki/M.I.L.F._$) " Fergie (/wiki/Fergie_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsUWK-fixiA) [17] (#cite_note-Wmag-MILF$-17) [18] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-MILF$-18) Georgia Fowler (/wiki/Georgia_Fowler) 2017 " It Ain't Me (/wiki/It_Ain%27t_Me) " Kygo (/wiki/Kygo) and Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u3VTKvdAuIY) [158] (#cite_note-159) Gia Carangi (/wiki/Gia_Carangi) 1980 " Atomic (/wiki/Atomic_(song)) " Blondie (/wiki/Blondie_(band)) [159] (#cite_note-160) Gigi Hadid (/wiki/Gigi_Hadid) 2014 "Surfboard" Cody Simpson (/wiki/Cody_Simpson) [160] (#cite_note-161) 2015 "Simple Things" Miguel (/wiki/Miguel_(singer)) [161] (#cite_note-162) 2015 " Bad Blood (/wiki/Bad_Blood_(Taylor_Swift_song)) " Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) ft. Kendrick Lamar (/wiki/Kendrick_Lamar) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QcIy9NiNbmo) [94] (#cite_note-Independent-BadBlood-95) [95] (#cite_note-ETO-BadBlood-96) [162] (#cite_note-bi3-163) 2015 " Flower (/wiki/Flower_(Cody_Simpson_song)) " Cody Simpson (/wiki/Cody_Simpson) [163] (#cite_note-164) 2015 " How Deep Is Your Love (/wiki/How_Deep_Is_Your_Love_(Calvin_Harris_and_Disciples_song)) " Calvin Harris (/wiki/Calvin_Harris) and Disciples (/wiki/Disciples_(production_team)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EgqUJOudrcM) [11] (#cite_note-Vogue-Cameos1970s-11) 2016 " Pillowtalk (/wiki/Pillowtalk_(song)) " Zayn (/wiki/Zayn_Malik) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C_3d6GntKbk) [164] (#cite_note-bi2-165) Grace Jones (/wiki/Grace_Jones) 1981 " Pull Up to the Bumper (/wiki/Pull_Up_to_the_Bumper) " Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tc1IphRx1pk) 1981 " I've Seen That Face Before (Libertango) (/wiki/I%27ve_Seen_That_Face_Before_(Libertango)) " Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nIN3IE3DHqc) 1985 " Slave to the Rhythm (/wiki/Slave_to_the_Rhythm_(Grace_Jones_song)) " Herself Grace Mahary (/wiki/Grace_Mahary) 2009 " I Invented Sex (/wiki/I_Invented_Sex) " Trey Songz (/wiki/Trey_Songz) [165] (#cite_note-166) 2010 " Say Aah (/wiki/Say_Aah) " Trey Songz (/wiki/Trey_Songz) Guntars Asmanis (/w/index.php?title=Guntars_Asmanis&action=edit&redlink=1) 2010 " Back to December (/wiki/Back_to_December) " Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QUwxKWT6m7U) [166] (#cite_note-TW1-167) Hailey Bieber (/wiki/Hailey_Bieber) 2019 " 10,000 Hours (/wiki/10,000_Hours) " Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) , Dan + Shay (/wiki/Dan_%2B_Shay) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2E71oe0aSM) [167] (#cite_note-168) 2020 " Stuck With U (/wiki/Stuck_With_U) " Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) and Ariana Grande (/wiki/Ariana_Grande) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pE49WK-oNjU) [11] (#cite_note-Vogue-Cameos1970s-11) 2021 " Anyone (/wiki/Anyone_(Justin_Bieber_song)) " Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KIK3azN4w34) [168] (#cite_note-169) [169] (#cite_note-170) Hailey Clauson (/wiki/Hailey_Clauson) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Halle Arbaugh (/w/index.php?title=Halle_Arbaugh&action=edit&redlink=1) 2012 " I Knew You Were Trouble (/wiki/I_Knew_You_Were_Trouble) " Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vNoKguSdy4Y) 2012 " Turning Into You (/wiki/Turning_Into_You) " The Offspring (/wiki/The_Offspring) 2012 " That's Why God Made the Radio (/wiki/That%27s_Why_God_Made_the_Radio_(song)) " The Beach Boys (/wiki/The_Beach_Boys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VAmk-Wk2pNA) Hanne Sagstuen (/wiki/Hanne_Sagstuen) 2018 "Sinner" Conner Boatman YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0NBCviUNjKc) Hari Nef (/wiki/Hari_Nef) 2015 " There is Nothing Left (/wiki/Encyclopedia_(album)) " The Drums (/wiki/The_Drums) [29] (#cite_note-Elle1-29) [170] (#cite_note-171) [171] (#cite_note-172) [172] (#cite_note-173) Heidi Klum (/wiki/Heidi_Klum) 2002 " Love Foolosophy (/wiki/Love_Foolosophy) " Jamiroquai (/wiki/Jamiroquai) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oMk1wBPiUIo) [173] (#cite_note-174) [174] (#cite_note-175) 2010 "Secret" Seal (/wiki/Seal_(musician)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vOuL2AnJPok) [175] (#cite_note-176) 2015 " Fire Meet Gasoline (/wiki/Fire_Meet_Gasoline) " Sia (/wiki/Sia) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fNdeLSKSZ1M) [176] (#cite_note-177) [177] (#cite_note-178) [178] (#cite_note-179) Helena Christensen (/wiki/Helena_Christensen) 1991 " Wicked Game (/wiki/Wicked_Game) " Chris Isaak (/wiki/Chris_Isaak) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jd-qI62gNJM) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 2011 "Girl Panic!" Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sSMbOuNBV0s) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [121] (#cite_note-RS-GirlPanic-122) [122] (#cite_note-Cut-GirlPanic-123) 2014 " Cherry on Top (/wiki/Cherry_on_Top_(Oh_Land_song)) " Oh Land (/wiki/Oh_Land) [179] (#cite_note-180) Iman (/wiki/Iman_(model)) 1989 " On Our Own (/wiki/On_Our_Own_(Bobby_Brown_song)) " Bobby Brown (/wiki/Bobby_Brown) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DaIZvCDWAcQ) [180] (#cite_note-181) 1992 " Remember the Time (/wiki/Remember_the_Time) " Michael Jackson (/wiki/Michael_Jackson) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LeiFF0gvqcc) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) Irina Shayk (/wiki/Irina_Shayk) 2010 " POWER (/wiki/Power_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L53gjP-TtGE) [181] (#cite_note-182) 2014 "Yo También" Romeo Santos (/wiki/Romeo_Santos) ft. Marc Anthony (/wiki/Marc_Anthony) [182] (#cite_note-183) [183] (#cite_note-184) 2022 "Waareftek" Majid Al Mohandis (/wiki/Majid_Al_Mohandis) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x0nkYuceo6c) [184] (#cite_note-185) Isabeli Fontana (/wiki/Isabeli_Fontana) 2015 "Meu Bem" NX Zero (/wiki/NX_Zero) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D-Xo8SWBSKg) [185] (#cite_note-186) 2016 " M.I.L.F. $ (/wiki/M.I.L.F._$) " Fergie (/wiki/Fergie_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsUWK-fixiA) [17] (#cite_note-Wmag-MILF$-17) [18] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-MILF$-18) [186] (#cite_note-187) 2018 " Indecente (/wiki/Indecente) " Anitta (/wiki/Anitta_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AbN7lbjOUho) [187] (#cite_note-G1-Indecente-188) 2018 "No Mesmo Lugar" Di Ferrero (/wiki/Di_Ferrero) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RTjd9UR0Ako) [188] (#cite_note-189) [189] (#cite_note-190) Iselin Steiro (/wiki/Iselin_Steiro) 2013 " The Stars (Are Out Tonight) (/wiki/The_Stars_(Are_Out_Tonight)) " David Bowie (/wiki/David_Bowie) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gH7dMBcg-gE) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) Izabel Goulart (/wiki/Izabel_Goulart) 2018 " Indecente (/wiki/Indecente) " Anitta (/wiki/Anitta_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AbN7lbjOUho) [187] (#cite_note-G1-Indecente-188) Jac Jagaciak (/wiki/Jac_Jagaciak) 2015 " Hands to Myself (/wiki/Hands_to_Myself) " (Victoria's Secret video) Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) 2016 "Barn" Úlfur Úlfur YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fGL3cji3jj0) Jaime Edmondson (/wiki/Jaime_Edmondson) 2010 " This Ain't No Love Song (/wiki/This_Ain%27t_No_Love_Song) " Trace Adkins (/wiki/Trace_Adkins) Jamisin Matthews (/w/index.php?title=Jamisin_Matthews&action=edit&redlink=1) 2000 " Resurrection (Paper, Paper) (/wiki/Resurrection_(Paper,_Paper)) " Bone Thugs N Harmony (/wiki/Bone_Thugs_N_Harmony) 2001 " Jezebel (/wiki/Jezebel_(Chely_Wright_song)) " Chely Wright (/wiki/Chely_Wright) 2001 " I'm a Slave 4 U (/wiki/I%27m_a_Slave_4_U) " Britney Spears (/wiki/Britney_Spears) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mzybwwf2HoQ) 2001 "I Cry" Tammy Cochran (/wiki/Tammy_Cochran) 2001 "Aaroma (of a Man)" Pru (/wiki/Prudencesa_Renfro) 2002 " Underneath Your Clothes (/wiki/Underneath_Your_Clothes) " Shakira (/wiki/Shakira) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uwBwKcQ1k84) 2003 "Kids" Kelli Ali (/wiki/Kelli_Ali) 2006 " Life on the Murder Scene (/wiki/Life_on_the_Murder_Scene) " My Chemical Romance (/wiki/My_Chemical_Romance) [190] (#cite_note-191) Janine Lindemulder (/wiki/Janine_Lindemulder) 1999 " What's My Age Again? (/wiki/What%27s_My_Age_Again%3F) " Blink 182 (/wiki/Blink_182) Jasmine Tookes (/wiki/Jasmine_Tookes) 2015 " Hands to Myself (/wiki/Hands_to_Myself) " (Victoria's Secret video) Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) 2016 " Body Moves (/wiki/Body_Moves) " (Victoria's Secret video) DNCE (/wiki/DNCE) [55] (#cite_note-Vogue-BodyMoves-55) 2017 " 2U (/wiki/2U_(David_Guetta_song)) " (Victoria's Secret video) David Guetta (/wiki/David_Guetta) ft. Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RqcjBLMaWCg) [153] (#cite_note-Harpers-2U-154) Jeana Tomasino (/wiki/Jeana_Tomasino) 1983 " Sharp Dressed Man (/wiki/Sharp_Dressed_Man) " ZZ Top [191] (#cite_note-192) [192] (#cite_note-193) 1983 " Gimme All Your Lovin' (/wiki/Gimme_All_Your_Lovin%27) " ZZ Top YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ae829mFAGGE) 1984 " Legs (/wiki/Legs_(song)) " ZZ Top (/wiki/ZZ_Top) [104] (#cite_note-ILCR-105) Jeanene Fox (/w/index.php?title=Jeanene_Fox&action=edit&redlink=1) 1999 " Vivrant Thing (/wiki/Vivrant_Thing) " Q-Tip (/wiki/Q-Tip_(musician)) 2007 " Makes Me Wonder (/wiki/Makes_Me_Wonder) " Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sAebYQgy4n4) Jeneil Williams (/wiki/Jeneil_Williams) 2018 "Shame" Maxwell (/wiki/Maxwell_(musician)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lOG23DUV1WM) [8] (#cite_note-Vogue29102018-8) [9] (#cite_note-RS-17102018-9) Jennifer Driver (/w/index.php?title=Jennifer_Driver&action=edit&redlink=1) 1994 " Since I Don't Have You (/wiki/Since_I_Don%27t_Have_You#Guns_N'_Roses_version) " Guns N' Roses (/wiki/Guns_N%27_Roses) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IYOYlqOitDA) [69] (#cite_note-rs1-69) Jerry Hall (/wiki/Jerry_Hall) 1976 " Let's Stick Together (/wiki/Let%27s_Stick_Together_(song)#Bryan_Ferry_versions) " Bryan Ferry (/wiki/Bryan_Ferry) [193] (#cite_note-194) Jessi M'Bengue (/wiki/Jessi_M%27Bengue) 2013 " Blurred Lines (/wiki/Blurred_Lines) " Robin Thicke (/wiki/Robin_Thicke) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yyDUC1LUXSU) [149] (#cite_note-Bustle-150) Jessica Hahn (/wiki/Jessica_Hahn) 1988 " Wild Thing (/wiki/Wild_Thing_(The_Troggs_song)#Other_versions) " Sam Kinison (/wiki/Sam_Kinison) Jessica Hart (/wiki/Jessica_Hart_(model)) 2009 "Everything to Me" Tamarama YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGPERi45JLI) Jessica White (/wiki/Jessica_White) 2003 " Change Clothes (/wiki/Change_Clothes) " Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Pharrell (/wiki/Pharrell_Williams) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j6G1uwe20wg) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) [137] (#cite_note-Cosmopolitan-XO-138) Jill Vedder (/wiki/Jill_Vedder) 2011 " Longing to Belong (/wiki/Longing_to_Belong) " Eddie Vedder (/wiki/Eddie_Vedder) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lqZ0-PhHsaE) [194] (#cite_note-195) Joan Smalls (/wiki/Joan_Smalls) 2006 " It's Alright (/wiki/It%27s_Alright_(Ricky_Martin_song)) " Ricky Martin (/wiki/Ricky_Martin) [27] (#cite_note-VogueAu-Celebrities-27) [195] (#cite_note-196) 2013 " Phoenix (/wiki/Phoenix_(ASAP_Rocky_song)) " ASAP Rocky (/wiki/ASAP_Rocky) [196] (#cite_note-197) 2014 " Yoncé (/wiki/Yonc%C3%A9) " Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jcF5HtGvX5I) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 2016 "Fuego" Juanes (/wiki/Juanes) [197] (#cite_note-198) [198] (#cite_note-199) 2016 " Wolves (/wiki/Wolves_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsA84bXrBZw) [19] (#cite_note-Harpers-Wolves-19) [20] (#cite_note-Vogue-Wolves-20) 2018 " Está Rico (/wiki/Est%C3%A1_Rico) " Marc Anthony (/wiki/Marc_Anthony) ft. Will Smith (/wiki/Will_Smith) and Bad Bunny (/wiki/Bad_Bunny) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=--BHuKeveg4) [199] (#cite_note-200) Jon Kortajarena (/wiki/Jon_Kortajarena) 2012 " Girl Gone Wild (/wiki/Girl_Gone_Wild) " Madonna (/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tYkwziTrv5o) [200] (#cite_note-Out-GirlGoneWild-201) [201] (#cite_note-Vogue=JonKortajarena-202) 2015 " Bitch I'm Madonna (/wiki/Bitch_I%27m_Madonna) " Madonna (/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)) ft. Nicki Minaj (/wiki/Nicki_Minaj) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7hPMmzKs62w) [201] (#cite_note-Vogue=JonKortajarena-202) 2016 " M.I.L.F. $ (/wiki/M.I.L.F._$) " Fergie (/wiki/Fergie_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsUWK-fixiA) [202] (#cite_note-Vogue-ModelMILFS-203) 2016 " Wolves (/wiki/Wolves_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsA84bXrBZw) [20] (#cite_note-Vogue-Wolves-20) Jocelyn Chew (/w/index.php?title=Jocelyn_Chew&action=edit&redlink=1) 2012 " Boyfriend (/wiki/Boyfriend_(Justin_Bieber_song)) " Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4GuqB1BQVr4) Jordan Barrett (/wiki/Jordan_Barrett) 2016 " M.I.L.F. $ (/wiki/M.I.L.F._$) " Fergie (/wiki/Fergie_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsUWK-fixiA) [202] (#cite_note-Vogue-ModelMILFS-203) 2016 " Wolves (/wiki/Wolves_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsA84bXrBZw) [20] (#cite_note-Vogue-Wolves-20) Josephine Skriver (/wiki/Josephine_Skriver) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) 2014 " Lock Me Up (/wiki/Lock_Me_Up) " The Cab (/wiki/The_Cab) [203] (#cite_note-204) 2015 " Hands to Myself (/wiki/Hands_to_Myself) " (Victoria's Secret video) Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) 2016 " Body Moves (/wiki/Body_Moves) " (Victoria's Secret video) DNCE (/wiki/DNCE) [152] (#cite_note-Billboard-BodyMoves-153) 2016 " Wolves (/wiki/Wolves_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsA84bXrBZw) [19] (#cite_note-Harpers-Wolves-19) [20] (#cite_note-Vogue-Wolves-20) Jourdan Dunn (/wiki/Jourdan_Dunn) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) 2013 " It's My Party (/wiki/It%27s_My_Party_(Jessie_J_song)) " Jessie J (/wiki/Jessie_J) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=59caVlKNNEQ) [137] (#cite_note-Cosmopolitan-XO-138) [204] (#cite_note-205) 2013 " XO (/wiki/XO_(song)) " Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xUfCUFPL-8) [137] (#cite_note-Cosmopolitan-XO-138) 2014 " Yoncé (/wiki/Yonc%C3%A9) " Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jcF5HtGvX5I) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 2016 " Wolves (/wiki/Wolves_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsA84bXrBZw) [19] (#cite_note-Harpers-Wolves-19) [20] (#cite_note-Vogue-Wolves-20) 2017 " Regret in Your Tears (/wiki/Regret_in_Your_Tears_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) " Nicki Minaj (/wiki/Nicki_Minaj) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AQe8Bmgee3g) 2018 " Nice For What (/wiki/Nice_For_What) " Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U9BwWKXjVaI) [205] (#cite_note-206) Joy Bryant (/wiki/Joy_Bryant) 2011 " Will Do (/wiki/Will_Do) " TV on the Radio (/wiki/TV_on_the_Radio) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dXLpXu9T7j0) Julia Bolino (/w/index.php?title=Julia_Bolino&action=edit&redlink=1) 1986 " All the Love in the World (/wiki/All_the_Love_(song)) " The Outfield (/wiki/The_Outfield) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qvKJ8_7vBxs) 1986 " Addicted To Love (/wiki/Addicted_to_Love_(song)) " Robert Palmer (/wiki/Robert_Palmer) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XcATvu5f9vE) [206] (#cite_note-goldradio-207) 1988 " Simply Irresistible (/wiki/Simply_Irresistible_(song)) " Robert Palmer YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SoHpSY3IoAI) Julie Pankhurst (/w/index.php?title=Julie_Pankhurst&action=edit&redlink=1) 1986 " Addicted To Love (/wiki/Addicted_to_Love_(song)) " Robert Palmer (/wiki/Robert_Palmer) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XcATvu5f9vE) [206] (#cite_note-goldradio-207) 1988 " Simply Irresistible (/wiki/Simply_Irresistible_(song)) " Robert Palmer YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SoHpSY3IoAI) 1990 " Recipe For Love (/wiki/We_Are_in_Love) " Harry Connick Jr. (/wiki/Harry_Connick_Jr.) Kaia Gerber (/wiki/Kaia_Gerber) 2019 "Burnout" John Eatherly [11] (#cite_note-Vogue-Cameos1970s-11) 2020 " Imagine (/wiki/Imagine_(Gal_Gadot_video)) " Gal Gadot (/wiki/Gal_Gadot) & Friends [99] (#cite_note-Smith-Spark-100) 2020 "Crying in the Mirror" Rainsford (/wiki/Rainey_Qualley) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TblbblHh7rQ) [207] (#cite_note-208) [208] (#cite_note-209) Kara Young (/wiki/Kara_Young) 1995 " Freek'n You (/wiki/Freek%27n_You) " Jodeci (/wiki/Jodeci) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oYwL-FzFDKQ) [64] (#cite_note-TGJ-FreeknYou-64) Karen Elson (/wiki/Karen_Elson) 2005 " Blue Orchid (/wiki/Blue_Orchid) " The White Stripes (/wiki/The_White_Stripes) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jW8UlrtcEac) [11] (#cite_note-Vogue-Cameos1970s-11) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) Karlie Kloss (/wiki/Karlie_Kloss) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) 2015 " I'll Be There (/wiki/I%27ll_Be_There_(Chic_song)) " CHIC (/wiki/Chic_(band)) ft. Nile Rodgers (/wiki/Nile_Rodgers) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 2015 " Bad Blood (/wiki/Bad_Blood_(Taylor_Swift_song)) " Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) ft. Kendrick Lamar (/wiki/Kendrick_Lamar) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QcIy9NiNbmo) [94] (#cite_note-Independent-BadBlood-95) [95] (#cite_note-ETO-BadBlood-96) Kate Grigorieva (/wiki/Kate_Grigorieva) 2015 " Hands to Myself (/wiki/Hands_to_Myself) " (Victoria's Secret video) Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) Kate Groombridge (/wiki/Kate_Groombridge) 2003 " Incredible (What I Meant to Say) (/wiki/Incredible_(What_I_Meant_to_Say)) " Darius (/wiki/Darius_Campbell_Danesh) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GAcSp8TOobY) Kate Moss (/wiki/Kate_Moss) 1991 "Love Don't Bother Me" Stage Dolls (/wiki/Stage_Dolls) [209] (#cite_note-210) 1994 "Delia's Gone" Johnny Cash (/wiki/Johnny_Cash) [210] (#cite_note-Vogue-KateMoss-211) 1995 " Come Together (/wiki/Come_Together#Other_versions) " The Smokin' Mojo Filters (/wiki/The_Smokin%27_Mojo_Filters) 1997 " Kowalski (/wiki/Kowalski_(song)) " Primal Scream (/wiki/Primal_Scream) [210] (#cite_note-Vogue-KateMoss-211) 1997 " Something About the Way You Look Tonight (/wiki/Something_About_the_Way_You_Look_Tonight) " Elton John (/wiki/Elton_John) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [210] (#cite_note-Vogue-KateMoss-211) 2002 "Sex With Strangers" Marianne Faithfull (/wiki/Marianne_Faithfull) [210] (#cite_note-Vogue-KateMoss-211) 2002 "Some Velvet Morning" Primal Scream (/wiki/Primal_Scream) [11] (#cite_note-Vogue-Cameos1970s-11) [210] (#cite_note-Vogue-KateMoss-211) 2003 " I Just Don't Know What to Do with Myself (/wiki/I_Just_Don%27t_Know_What_to_Do_with_Myself) " The White Stripes (/wiki/The_White_Stripes) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wzDG0jA3XVY) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) [210] (#cite_note-Vogue-KateMoss-211) 2006 " God's Gonna Cut You Down (/wiki/God%27s_Gonna_Cut_You_Down) " Johnny Cash (/wiki/Johnny_Cash) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eJlN9jdQFSc) [210] (#cite_note-Vogue-KateMoss-211) 2012 " White Light (/wiki/White_Light_(George_Michael_song)) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SRAOG-BpNOw) [211] (#cite_note-212) 2013 " Queenie Eye (/wiki/Queenie_Eye) " Paul McCartney (/wiki/Paul_McCartney) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5CfLUmVso30) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [210] (#cite_note-Vogue-KateMoss-211) 2016 " The Wonder of You (/wiki/The_Wonder_of_You) " Elvis Presley (/wiki/Elvis_Presley) [212] (#cite_note-213) 2016 " Ritual Spirit (/wiki/Ritual_Spirit) " Massive Attack (/wiki/Massive_Attack) and Azekel (/wiki/Azekel) [210] (#cite_note-Vogue-KateMoss-211) Kate Upton (/wiki/Kate_Upton) 2014 " Bartender (/wiki/Bartender_(Lady_Antebellum_song)) " Lady Antebellum (/wiki/Lady_Antebellum) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) Kathy Davies (/w/index.php?title=Kathy_Davies&action=edit&redlink=1) 1982 "Figures" Zaine Griff (/wiki/Zaine_Griff) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hz6LacgRWuU) [206] (#cite_note-goldradio-207) 1986 " Addicted To Love (/wiki/Addicted_to_Love_(song)) " Robert Palmer (/wiki/Robert_Palmer) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XcATvu5f9vE) [206] (#cite_note-goldradio-207) 1988 " Simply Irresistible (/wiki/Simply_Irresistible_(song)) " Robert Palmer YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SoHpSY3IoAI) Kayla Scott (/w/index.php?title=Kayla_Scott&action=edit&redlink=1) 2018 " I Want Your Love (/wiki/I_Want_Your_Love_(Chic_song)) " Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuuZIOx96Lw) [21] (#cite_note-Fashionista-IWantYourLove-21) [22] (#cite_note-TheFashionisto-IWantYourLove-22) [23] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-IWantYourLove-23) Kelly Brook (/wiki/Kelly_Brook) 1997 " Megalomaniac (/wiki/Megalomaniac_(KMFDM_song)) " KMFDM (/wiki/KMFDM) 1997 " Help the Aged (/wiki/Help_the_Aged_(song)) " Pulp (/wiki/Pulp_(band)) Kelly Gale (/wiki/Kelly_Gale) 2016 " Duele el Corazón (/wiki/Duele_el_Coraz%C3%B3n) " Enrique Iglesias (/wiki/Enrique_Iglesias) ft. Wisin (/wiki/Wisin) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xFutjZEBTXs) [213] (#cite_note-214) Kelsey Rogers (/w/index.php?title=Kelsey_Rogers&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Kendall Jenner (/wiki/Kendall_Jenner) 2010 "BlackLight" One Call (/wiki/One_Call) [214] (#cite_note-Spin-PartyNextDoor-215) 2014 " Recognize (/wiki/Recognize_(song)) " PartyNextDoor (/wiki/PartyNextDoor) ft. Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) 2016 " Where's the Love (/wiki/Where_Is_the_Love%3F#2016_version) " The Black Eyed Peas (/wiki/The_Black_Eyed_Peas) ft. The World (/wiki/World) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YsRMoWYGLNA) 2017 " Enchanté (Carine) (/wiki/Enchant%C3%A9_(Carine)) " Fergie (/wiki/Fergie_(singer)) ft. Axl Jack [215] (#cite_note-216) 2018 " Freaky Friday (/wiki/Freaky_Friday_(Lil_Dicky_song)) " Lil Dicky (/wiki/Lil_Dicky) ft. Chris Brown (/wiki/Chris_Brown) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aZla1ttZHaw) [216] (#cite_note-217) Kim Smith (/wiki/Kim_Smith_(model)) 2000 " Bye Bye Bye (/wiki/Bye_Bye_Bye) " NSYNC (/wiki/NSYNC) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eo-KmOd3i7s) [217] (#cite_note-Billboard-NSYNC-218) 2000 " It's Gonna Be Me (/wiki/It%27s_Gonna_Be_Me) " NSYNC YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GQMlWwIXg3M) [217] (#cite_note-Billboard-NSYNC-218) 2002 " Girls of Summer (/wiki/Girls_of_Summer) " Aerosmith (/wiki/Aerosmith) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7iH2eYFgDmg) [218] (#cite_note-PageSix-Kimsmith-219) 2007 " Wake Up Call (/wiki/Wake_Up_Call_(Maroon_5_song)) " Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dkQ0OJ5Byls) [218] (#cite_note-PageSix-Kimsmith-219) Kristina Romanova (/wiki/Kristina_Romanova) 2013 " Wake Me Up (/wiki/Wake_Me_Up_(Avicii_song)) " Avicii (/wiki/Avicii) ft. Aloe Blacc (/wiki/Aloe_Blacc) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IcrbM1l_BoI) [219] (#cite_note-220) Kristina Salinovic (/w/index.php?title=Kristina_Salinovic&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Kristine Froseth (/wiki/Kristine_Froseth) 2016 " False Alarm (/wiki/False_Alarm_(The_Weeknd_song)) " The Weeknd (/wiki/The_Weeknd) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CW5oGRx9CLM) [220] (#cite_note-221) [221] (#cite_note-222) Ksenia Sukhinova (/wiki/Ksenia_Sukhinova) 2017 "Derzhi" Dima Bilan (/wiki/Dima_Bilan) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j_LrXZbOAWQ) Kyla Coleman (/wiki/Kyla_Coleman) 2019 " Don't Start Now (/wiki/Don%27t_Start_Now) " Dua Lipa (/wiki/Dua_Lipa) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oygrmJFKYZY) [31] (#cite_note-OD-DontStartNow-31) [32] (#cite_note-TheList-DontStartNow-32) Kylie Jenner (/wiki/Kylie_Jenner) 2015 " Stimulated (/wiki/Stimulated) " Tyga (/wiki/Tyga) [222] (#cite_note-223) 2015 "Dope'd Up" Tyga [223] (#cite_note-224) 2016 " Come and See Me (/wiki/Come_and_See_Me) " PartyNextDoor (/wiki/PartyNextDoor) ft. Drake (/wiki/Drake_(rapper)) [214] (#cite_note-Spin-PartyNextDoor-215) 2018 " Stop Trying to Be God (/wiki/Stop_Trying_to_Be_God) " Travis Scott (/wiki/Travis_Scott) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YqvCptqhHfs) [224] (#cite_note-225) 2020 " WAP (/wiki/WAP_(song)) " Cardi B (/wiki/Cardi_B) ft. Megan Thee Stallion (/wiki/Megan_Thee_Stallion) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hsm4poTWjMs) [225] (#cite_note-People-WAP-226) Kymberley Herrin (/wiki/Kymberley_Herrin) 1984 " Legs (/wiki/Legs_(song)) " ZZ Top (/wiki/ZZ_Top) [226] (#cite_note-grunge2-227) 1984 " California Girls (/wiki/California_Girls#David_Lee_Roth_version) " David Lee Roth (/wiki/David_Lee_Roth) [226] (#cite_note-grunge2-227) 1987 " KISS Exposed (/wiki/Exposed_(Kiss_video)) " Kiss (/wiki/Kiss_(band)) [226] (#cite_note-grunge2-227) Laetitia Casta (/wiki/Laetitia_Casta) 1995 " Baby Did a Bad Bad Thing (/wiki/Baby_Did_a_Bad_Bad_Thing) " Chris Isaak (/wiki/Chris_Isaak) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vRxxh3CzJXk) [227] (#cite_note-228) 2001 " Gourmandises (/wiki/Gourmandises_(song)) " Alizée (/wiki/Aliz%C3%A9e) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pvh-ieuM8yg) 2010 " Te Amo (/wiki/Te_Amo_(Rihanna_song)) " Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oe4Ic7fHWf8) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) Lais Ribeiro (/wiki/Lais_Ribeiro) 2015 " Hands to Myself (/wiki/Hands_to_Myself) " (Victoria's Secret video) Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) 2017 " Paradinha (/wiki/Paradinha_(song)) " Anitta (/wiki/Anitta_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-73pafJ9RFg) [228] (#cite_note-229) 2019 "Switch" Afrojack (/wiki/Afrojack) X Jewelz & Sparks (/wiki/Jewelz_%26_Sparks) ft. Emmalyn [229] (#cite_note-230) Laith Ashley (/wiki/Laith_Ashley) 2022 " Lavender Haze (/wiki/Lavender_Haze) " Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h8DLofLM7No) [166] (#cite_note-TW1-167) [230] (#cite_note-231) [231] (#cite_note-232) Lara Stone (/wiki/Lara_Stone) 2012 "Night & Day" Hot Chip (/wiki/Hot_Chip) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fxg2JbWA7Nk) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) [232] (#cite_note-233) 2015 " Weight of Love (/wiki/Weight_of_Love) " The Black Keys (/wiki/The_Black_Keys) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) Lexi Boling (/wiki/Lexi_Boling) 2018 " I Want Your Love (/wiki/I_Want_Your_Love_(Chic_song)) " Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuuZIOx96Lw) [21] (#cite_note-Fashionista-IWantYourLove-21) [22] (#cite_note-TheFashionisto-IWantYourLove-22) [23] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-IWantYourLove-23) Lida Fox (/w/index.php?title=Lida_Fox&action=edit&redlink=1) 2018 " I Want Your Love (/wiki/I_Want_Your_Love_(Chic_song)) " Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuuZIOx96Lw) [21] (#cite_note-Fashionista-IWantYourLove-21) [22] (#cite_note-TheFashionisto-IWantYourLove-22) [23] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-IWantYourLove-23) Liliana Domínguez 2003 " Change Clothes (/wiki/Change_Clothes) " Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Pharrell (/wiki/Pharrell_Williams) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j6G1uwe20wg) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) Lillian Müller (/wiki/Lillian_M%C3%BCller) 1978 " Da Ya Think I'm Sexy? (/wiki/Da_Ya_Think_I%27m_Sexy%3F) " Rod Stewart (/wiki/Rod_Stewart) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hphwfq1wLJs) [226] (#cite_note-grunge2-227) 1984 " Hot for Teacher (/wiki/Hot_for_Teacher) " Van Halen (/wiki/Van_Halen) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6M4_Ommfvv0) [104] (#cite_note-ILCR-105) [226] (#cite_note-grunge2-227) [233] (#cite_note-234) Lily Aldridge (/wiki/Lily_Aldridge) 2000 " Break Stuff (/wiki/Break_Stuff) " Limp Bizkit (/wiki/Limp_Bizkit) 2008 " Use Somebody (/wiki/Use_Somebody) " Kings of Leon (/wiki/Kings_of_Leon) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gnhXHvRoUd0) [234] (#cite_note-235) 2013 " Temple (/wiki/Temple_(Kings_of_Leon_song)) " Kings of Leon (/wiki/Kings_of_Leon) [235] (#cite_note-236) 2015 " Bad Blood (/wiki/Bad_Blood_(Taylor_Swift_song)) " Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) ft. Kendrick Lamar (/wiki/Kendrick_Lamar) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QcIy9NiNbmo) [94] (#cite_note-Independent-BadBlood-95) [95] (#cite_note-ETO-BadBlood-96) 2015 " Hands to Myself (/wiki/Hands_to_Myself) " (Victoria's Secret video) Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) [54] (#cite_note-HBUK-54) [236] (#cite_note-237) 2016 " Body Moves (/wiki/Body_Moves) " (Victoria's Secret video) DNCE (/wiki/DNCE) Lily Cole (/wiki/Lily_Cole) 2012 "UK Shanty" Clean Bandit (/wiki/Clean_Bandit) ft. Eliza Shaddad [237] (#cite_note-238) 2013 " Sacrilege (/wiki/Sacrilege_(song)) " Yeah Yeah Yeahs (/wiki/Yeah_Yeah_Yeahs) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jmRI3Ew4BvA) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 2013 " Queenie Eye (/wiki/Queenie_Eye) " Paul McCartney (/wiki/Paul_McCartney) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5CfLUmVso30) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) 2020 " Thanks for the Dance (/wiki/Thanks_for_the_Dance_(song)) " Leonard Cohen (/wiki/Leonard_Cohen) [238] (#cite_note-239) Lily McMenamy (/wiki/Lily_McMenamy) 2015 " Weight of Love (/wiki/Weight_of_Love) " The Black Keys (/wiki/The_Black_Keys) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) Linda Evangelista (/wiki/Linda_Evangelista) 1990 " Freedom! '90 (/wiki/Freedom!_%2790) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kDXtCEMPsEc) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 1992 " Too Funky (/wiki/Too_Funky) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQ2DVwSVIIo) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) [63] (#cite_note-Cherie-TooFunky-63) [157] (#cite_note-Vogue-TooFunky-158) Ling Tan 1996 "Fastlove" George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) Lisa Barbuscia (/wiki/Lisa_Barbuscia) 1993 "Glam" Herself (as "Lisa B.") 1993 "Fascinated" Herself (as "Lisa B.") 1993 "You & Me" Herself (as "Lisa B.") Lisa Stahl (/wiki/Lisa_Stahl) 1984 " Careless Whisper (/wiki/Careless_Whisper) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=izGwDsrQ1eQ) [239] (#cite_note-240) [240] (#cite_note-241) Lisa Vanderpump (/wiki/Lisa_Vanderpump) 1982 " Poison Arrow (/wiki/Poison_Arrow) " ABC (/wiki/ABC_(band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a70yJwgQtzo) [104] (#cite_note-ILCR-105) [226] (#cite_note-grunge2-227) Lonneke Engel (/wiki/Lonneke_Engel) 1996 " Se a vida é (That's the Way Life Is) (/wiki/Se_a_vida_%C3%A9_(That%27s_the_Way_Life_Is)) " Pet Shop Boys (/wiki/Pet_Shop_Boys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rLV52d7J8rA) 2004 " Love Comes Again (/wiki/Love_Comes_Again) " Tiësto (/wiki/Ti%C3%ABsto) Louise Parker (/wiki/Louise_Parker) 2015 " Weight of Love (/wiki/Weight_of_Love) " The Black Keys (/wiki/The_Black_Keys) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) Lucky Blue Smith (/wiki/Lucky_Blue_Smith) 2018 " I Want Your Love (/wiki/I_Want_Your_Love_(Chic_song)) " Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuuZIOx96Lw) [21] (#cite_note-Fashionista-IWantYourLove-21) [22] (#cite_note-TheFashionisto-IWantYourLove-22) [23] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-IWantYourLove-23) Luka Sabbat (/wiki/Luka_Sabbat) 2018 " No Stylist (/wiki/No_Stylist_(song)) " French Montana (/wiki/French_Montana) ft. Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9_k_goMr5ZI) Lulu Tenney (/wiki/Lulu_Tenney) 2017 " I Dare You (/wiki/I_Dare_You_(The_xx_song)) " The xx (/wiki/The_xx) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qqflFMhkqHM) Lydia Hearst (/wiki/Lydia_Hearst) 2009 " This Must Be the Place (Naive Melody) (/wiki/This_Must_Be_the_Place_(Naive_Melody)) " Miles Fisher (/wiki/Miles_Fisher) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fsccjsW8bSY) [241] (#cite_note-242) 2012 "Song for All the Girls" Cisco Adler (/wiki/Cisco_Adler) featuring Young Chris (/wiki/Young_Chris) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VO9SL2q6ZpU) [242] (#cite_note-Boomsbeat-LydiaHearst-243) 2012 "LimoSexSuperstar" Johnny Polygon (/wiki/Johnny_Polygon) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6kuwdzGYo0E) [242] (#cite_note-Boomsbeat-LydiaHearst-243) 2019 "A$$ Level" Santina Muha YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7fvcDkqWO2E) Lysette Anthony (/wiki/Lysette_Anthony) 1984 " Run to You (/wiki/Run_to_You_(Bryan_Adams_song)) " Bryan Adams YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gF5LaVkDhyk) [243] (#cite_note-via-244) 1985 " Heaven (/wiki/Heaven_(Bryan_Adams_song)) " Bryan Adams (/wiki/Bryan_Adams) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s6TtwR2Dbjg) [243] (#cite_note-via-244) 1985 " Somebody (/wiki/Somebody_(Bryan_Adams_song)) " Bryan Adams YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VqhELBUdYqM) [243] (#cite_note-via-244) 1985 " Summer of '69 (/wiki/Summer_of_%2769) " Bryan Adams [243] (#cite_note-via-244) 1993 " I Feel You (/wiki/I_Feel_You) " Depeche Mode (/wiki/Depeche_Mode) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iTKJ_itifQg) 2010 " Cruel Intentions (/wiki/Cruel_Intentions_(Simian_Mobile_Disco_song)) " Simian Mobile Disco (/wiki/Simian_Mobile_Disco) Maggie Laine (/wiki/Maggie_Laine) 2017 "Coastline" Shwayze (/wiki/Shwayze) ft. W!ldcard YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zKk1aPiVt14) Mak Gilchrist (/w/index.php?title=Mak_Gilchrist&action=edit&redlink=1) 1986 " Addicted To Love (/wiki/Addicted_to_Love_(song)) " Robert Palmer (/wiki/Robert_Palmer) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XcATvu5f9vE) [206] (#cite_note-goldradio-207) Malaika Firth (/wiki/Malaika_Firth) 2015 " Not Letting Go (/wiki/Not_Letting_Go) " Tinie Tempah (/wiki/Tinie_Tempah) ft. Jess Glynne (/wiki/Jess_Glynne) Maria Borges (/wiki/Maria_Borges) 2016 " Wolves (/wiki/Wolves_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsA84bXrBZw) [19] (#cite_note-Harpers-Wolves-19) 2018 "Shame" Maxwell (/wiki/Maxwell_(musician)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lOG23DUV1WM) [8] (#cite_note-Vogue29102018-8) [9] (#cite_note-RS-17102018-9) Martha Hunt (/wiki/Martha_Hunt) 2014 "Stay Forever" Panama (/wiki/Panama_(band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I-hDU63G1lc) 2015 " Hands to Myself (/wiki/Hands_to_Myself) " (Victoria's Secret video) Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) 2015 " Bad Blood (/wiki/Bad_Blood_(Taylor_Swift_song)) " Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) ft. Kendrick Lamar (/wiki/Kendrick_Lamar) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QcIy9NiNbmo) [94] (#cite_note-Independent-BadBlood-95) [95] (#cite_note-ETO-BadBlood-96) 2016 " Body Moves (/wiki/Body_Moves) " (Victoria's Secret video) DNCE (/wiki/DNCE) 2017 " Paris (/wiki/Paris_(The_Chainsmokers_song)) " The Chainsmokers (/wiki/The_Chainsmokers) [244] (#cite_note-245) [245] (#cite_note-246) 2017 " 2U (/wiki/2U_(David_Guetta_song)) " (Victoria's Secret video) David Guetta (/wiki/David_Guetta) ft. Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RqcjBLMaWCg) [153] (#cite_note-Harpers-2U-154) Martha Streck (/w/index.php?title=Martha_Streck&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Maryna Linchuk (/wiki/Maryna_Linchuk) 2013 " Waves (/wiki/Waves_(Mr_Probz_song)) " Mr Probz (/wiki/Mr_Probz) Matvey Lykov (/w/index.php?title=Matvey_Lykov&action=edit&redlink=1) 2013 " I Love You (/wiki/I_Love_You_(Woodkid_song)) " Woodkid (/wiki/Woodkid) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KQu8FOjJXdI) Meghan Wiggins 2014 " Maps (/wiki/Maps_(Maroon_5_song)) " Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NmugSMBh_iI) Mica Arganaraz (/wiki/Mica_Arganaraz) 2018 " I Want Your Love (/wiki/I_Want_Your_Love_(Chic_song)) " Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuuZIOx96Lw) [21] (#cite_note-Fashionista-IWantYourLove-21) [22] (#cite_note-TheFashionisto-IWantYourLove-22) [23] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-IWantYourLove-23) Miranda Kerr (/wiki/Miranda_Kerr) 2003 "Everything to Me" Tamarama [246] (#cite_note-247) 2006 " Number One (/wiki/Number_One_(Pharrell_Williams_song)) " Pharrell (/wiki/Pharrell_Williams) ft. Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) 2014 "You're the Boss" Bobby Fox (/wiki/Bobby_Fox) ft. Miranda Kerr [247] (#cite_note-248) [nb 2] (#cite_note-249) Maria KN 2019 "Fleur De Lis" Ted Wulfers Myka Dunkle (/w/index.php?title=Myka_Dunkle&action=edit&redlink=1) 1997 " Electric Barbarella (/wiki/Electric_Barbarella) " Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) Nadine Leopold (/wiki/Nadine_Leopold) 2015 " Drunk on Your Love (/wiki/Drunk_on_Your_Love) " Brett Eldredge (/wiki/Brett_Eldredge) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kSBtr1ML7mI) Nadja Auermann (/wiki/Nadja_Auermann) 1992 " Too Funky (/wiki/Too_Funky) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQ2DVwSVIIo) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) [63] (#cite_note-Cherie-TooFunky-63) [157] (#cite_note-Vogue-TooFunky-158) Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) 1978 " Is This Love (/wiki/Is_This_Love_(Bob_Marley_and_the_Wailers_song)) " Bob Marley and the Wailers (/wiki/Bob_Marley_and_the_Wailers) [248] (#cite_note-Dazed-NaomiCampbell-250) 1983 " I'll Tumble 4 Ya (/wiki/I%27ll_Tumble_4_Ya) " Culture Club (/wiki/Culture_Club) 1990 " Freedom! '90 (/wiki/Freedom!_%2790) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kDXtCEMPsEc) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 1991 " Cool as Ice (Everybody Get Loose) (/wiki/Cool_as_Ice_(Everybody_Get_Loose)) " Vanilla Ice (/wiki/Vanilla_Ice) [249] (#cite_note-251) [nb 3] (#cite_note-252) 1992 " In the Closet (/wiki/In_the_Closet) " Michael Jackson (/wiki/Michael_Jackson) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4qLY0vbrT8Q) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 1992 " Erotica (/wiki/Erotica_(song)) " Madonna (/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WyhdvRWEWRw) [250] (#cite_note-253) 1993 " Numb (/wiki/Numb_(U2_song)) " U2 (/wiki/U2) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N4jR1RNypG0) [251] (#cite_note-254) 1994 "Love and Tears" Herself [248] (#cite_note-Dazed-NaomiCampbell-250) 2003 " Change Clothes (/wiki/Change_Clothes) " Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Pharrell (/wiki/Pharrell_Williams) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j6G1uwe20wg) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 2011 "Girl Panic!" Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sSMbOuNBV0s) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [121] (#cite_note-RS-GirlPanic-122) [122] (#cite_note-Cut-GirlPanic-123) 2016 " Drone Bomb Me (/wiki/Drone_Bomb_Me) " Anohni (/wiki/Anohni) Apple Music (https://itunes.apple.com/us/post/idsa.c9f49974-e62f-11e5-a769-f18b118b72da) [252] (#cite_note-255) [253] (#cite_note-256) 2019 " Brown Skin Girl (/wiki/Brown_Skin_Girl) " (Black is King video) Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) ft. Saint Jhn (/wiki/Saint_Jhn) & Wizkid (/wiki/Wizkid) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vRFS0MYTC1I) [11] (#cite_note-Vogue-Cameos1970s-11) Naoumi Ekiko (/w/index.php?title=Naoumi_Ekiko&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Natalia Vodianova (/wiki/Natalia_Vodianova) 2002 " I Get Along (/wiki/I_Get_Along_(Pet_Shop_Boys_song)) " Pet Shop Boys (/wiki/Pet_Shop_Boys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l88m22K_RC4) [27] (#cite_note-VogueAu-Celebrities-27) [254] (#cite_note-257) 2015 «Не молчи» (Don't Be Silent) Dima Bilan (/wiki/Dima_Bilan) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VHsATGT1bm4) [255] (#cite_note-258) Natasha Poly (/wiki/Natasha_Poly) 2016 " M.I.L.F. $ (/wiki/M.I.L.F._$) " Fergie (/wiki/Fergie_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsUWK-fixiA) [17] (#cite_note-Wmag-MILF$-17) [18] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-MILF$-18) Nazanin Mandi (/wiki/Nazanin_Mandi) 2006 "Dime Piece" Nick Cannon (/wiki/Nick_Cannon) ft. Izzy [256] (#cite_note-259) 2007 " Anonymous (/wiki/Anonymous_(Bobby_Valentino_song)) " Bobby Valentino (/wiki/Bobby_V) ft. Timbaland (/wiki/Timbaland) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GYmKqlmfQNA) [257] (#cite_note-260) 2011 " Girls Like You (/wiki/All_I_Want_Is_You_(album)) " Miguel (/wiki/Miguel_(singer)) [258] (#cite_note-261) 2012 " Do You... (/wiki/Do_You..._(Miguel_song)) " Miguel (/wiki/Miguel_(singer)) [259] (#cite_note-262) Nicole Marie Lenz (/wiki/Nicole_Marie_Lenz) 2005 " What Happens Tomorrow (/wiki/What_Happens_Tomorrow) " Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) Nina Brosh (/wiki/Nina_Brosh) 1994 Femme Fatale (/wiki/Femme_Fatale_(song)) Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) Nina Morić (/wiki/Nina_Mori%C4%87) 1999 " Livin' la Vida Loca (/wiki/Livin%27_la_Vida_Loca) " Ricky Martin (/wiki/Ricky_Martin) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p47fEXGabaY) [260] (#cite_note-263) Nisha Adhikari (/wiki/Nisha_Adhikari) 2011 " Never Gonna Leave This Bed (/wiki/Never_Gonna_Leave_This_Bed) " Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ADmCFmYLns4) [261] (#cite_note-264) Noah Mills (/wiki/Noah_Mills) 2012 " We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together (/wiki/We_Are_Never_Ever_Getting_Back_Together) " Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WA4iX5D9Z64) [24] (#cite_note-TFS-48Hottest-24) [166] (#cite_note-TW1-167) Ola Ray (/wiki/Ola_Ray) 1982 " Thriller (/wiki/Michael_Jackson%27s_Thriller_(music_video)) " Michael Jackson (/wiki/Michael_Jackson) [104] (#cite_note-ILCR-105) [226] (#cite_note-grunge2-227) Omahyra Mota (/w/index.php?title=Omahyra_Mota&action=edit&redlink=1) 2003 " Change Clothes (/wiki/Change_Clothes) " Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Pharrell (/wiki/Pharrell_Williams) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j6G1uwe20wg) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) Oran Katan (/w/index.php?title=Oran_Katan&action=edit&redlink=1) 2013 " Rak Bishvilo (/wiki/Rak_Bishvilo) " Moran Mazor (/wiki/Moran_Mazor) Paloma Elsesser (/wiki/Paloma_Elsesser) 2018 "Bad Bad News" Leon Bridges (/wiki/Leon_Bridges) [11] (#cite_note-Vogue-Cameos1970s-11) Patricia Barzyk (/w/index.php?title=Patricia_Barzyk&action=edit&redlink=1) [ fr (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricia_Barzyk) ] 1984 " New Moon on Monday (/wiki/New_Moon_on_Monday) " Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) Patty Kelly (/w/index.php?title=Patty_Kelly&action=edit&redlink=1) 1986 " Addicted To Love (/wiki/Addicted_to_Love_(song)) " Robert Palmer (/wiki/Robert_Palmer) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XcATvu5f9vE) [206] (#cite_note-goldradio-207) 1988 " Simply Irresistible (/wiki/Simply_Irresistible_(song)) " Robert Palmer YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SoHpSY3IoAI) Paulina Porizkova (/wiki/Paulina_Porizkova) 1984 " Drive (/wiki/Drive_(The_Cars_song)) " The Cars (/wiki/The_Cars) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xuZA6qiJVfU) [262] (#cite_note-265) [263] (#cite_note-266) [264] (#cite_note-267) Pepper Kester 2019 "Sego Canyon" Ted Wulfers Poppy Delevingne (/wiki/Poppy_Delevingne) 2004 " Sunday Morning (/wiki/Sunday_Morning_(Maroon_5_song)) " Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2Cti12XBw4) [265] (#cite_note-268) 2017 "Sing Out" Herself and Karen Elson (/wiki/Karen_Elson) [266] (#cite_note-269) R'el Dade (/w/index.php?title=R%27el_Dade&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Rachel Hilbert (/wiki/Rachel_Hilbert) 2015 " Lose My Mind (/wiki/Lose_My_Mind_(Brett_Eldredge_song)) " Brett Eldredge (/wiki/Brett_Eldredge) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QWVAJ7xqqGU) [267] (#cite_note-270) Rachel Hunter (/wiki/Rachel_Hunter) 2003 " Stacy's Mom (/wiki/Stacy%27s_Mom) " Fountains of Wayne (/wiki/Fountains_of_Wayne) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dZLfasMPOU4) [268] (#cite_note-271) Rachel Roberts (/wiki/Rachel_Roberts_(model)) 2015 " Bitch Better Have My Money (/wiki/Bitch_Better_Have_My_Money) " Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) [269] (#cite_note-272) [270] (#cite_note-273) [271] (#cite_note-274) Rachel Williams (/wiki/Rachel_Williams) 1996 " Fastlove (/wiki/Fastlove) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) 1996 " Never Never Love (/wiki/Never_Never_Love_(song)) " Simply Red (/wiki/Simply_Red) Raina Hein (/wiki/Raina_Hein) 2011 " Calgary (/wiki/Calgary_(song)) " Bon Iver (/wiki/Bon_Iver) 2013 " Girls (/wiki/Girls_(The_1975_song)) " The 1975 (/wiki/The_1975) [272] (#cite_note-275) 2014 " Best Friend (/wiki/Best_Friend_(Foster_the_People_song)) " Foster the People (/wiki/Foster_the_People) 2015 " Sugar (/wiki/Sugar_(Maroon_5_song)) " Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) Rana Kennedy (/w/index.php?title=Rana_Kennedy&action=edit&redlink=1) 1989 " Poison (/wiki/Poison_(Alice_Cooper_song)) " Alice Cooper (/wiki/Alice_Cooper) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qq4j1LtCdww) [69] (#cite_note-rs1-69) Raquel Zimmermann (/wiki/Raquel_Zimmermann) 2011 " Born This Way (/wiki/Born_This_Way_(song)) " Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) Rebecca Romijn (/wiki/Rebecca_Romijn) 1988 " Please Don't Go Girl (/wiki/Please_Don%27t_Go_Girl) " (Coney Island version) New Kids On The Block (/wiki/New_Kids_On_The_Block) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2txArOEsLPc) Reema Ruspoli (/w/index.php?title=Reema_Ruspoli&action=edit&redlink=1) 1982 " Rio (/wiki/Rio_(song)) " Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) Rianne ten Haken (/wiki/Rianne_ten_Haken) 2014 " The Chamber (/wiki/The_Chamber_(song)) " Lenny Kravitz (/wiki/Lenny_Kravitz) [273] (#cite_note-276) Riley Montana (/wiki/Riley_Montana) 2018 "Shame" Maxwell (/wiki/Maxwell_(musician)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lOG23DUV1WM) [8] (#cite_note-Vogue29102018-8) [9] (#cite_note-RS-17102018-9) 2016 " Wolves (/wiki/Wolves_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsA84bXrBZw) [19] (#cite_note-Harpers-Wolves-19) [20] (#cite_note-Vogue-Wolves-20) Rob Evans (/w/index.php?title=Rob_Evans_(model)&action=edit&redlink=1) 2012 " Girl Gone Wild (/wiki/Girl_Gone_Wild) " Madonna (/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tYkwziTrv5o) [200] (#cite_note-Out-GirlGoneWild-201) Rocky Barnes (/w/index.php?title=Rocky_Barnes&action=edit&redlink=1) 2012 " Boyfriend (/wiki/Boyfriend_(Justin_Bieber_song)) " Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) Romee Strijd (/wiki/Romee_Strijd) 2015 " Hands to Myself (/wiki/Hands_to_Myself) " (Victoria's Secret video) Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) 2016 " Wolves (/wiki/Wolves_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsA84bXrBZw) [19] (#cite_note-Harpers-Wolves-19) 2016 " Body Moves (/wiki/Body_Moves) " (Victoria's Secret video) DNCE (/wiki/DNCE) 2017 " 2U (/wiki/2U_(David_Guetta_song)) " (Victoria's Secret video) David Guetta (/wiki/David_Guetta) ft. Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RqcjBLMaWCg) [153] (#cite_note-Harpers-2U-154) Ronald Epps (/w/index.php?title=Ronald_Epps&action=edit&redlink=1) 2016 " Wolves (/wiki/Wolves_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsA84bXrBZw) [20] (#cite_note-Vogue-Wolves-20) Rosetta Millington (/w/index.php?title=Rosetta_Getty&action=edit&redlink=1) 1988 " Pamela (/wiki/Pamela_(song)) " Toto (/wiki/Toto_(band)) [138] (#cite_note-NigelDick-Toto-139) Rosie Huntington-Whiteley (/wiki/Rosie_Huntington-Whiteley) 2006 " Number One (/wiki/Number_One_(Pharrell_Williams_song)) " Pharrell (/wiki/Pharrell_Williams) ft. Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) Rubi Rose (/wiki/Rubi_Rose) 2016 " Bad and Boujee (/wiki/Bad_and_Boujee) " Migos (/wiki/Migos) ft. Lil Uzi Vert (/wiki/Lil_Uzi_Vert) 2020 " WAP (/wiki/WAP_(song)) " Cardi B (/wiki/Cardi_B) ft. Megan Thee Stallion (/wiki/Megan_Thee_Stallion) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hsm4poTWjMs) [225] (#cite_note-People-WAP-226) Ruth Bell (/w/index.php?title=Ruth_Bell&action=edit&redlink=1) 2016 " American Valhalla (/wiki/American_Valhalla) " Iggy Pop (/wiki/Iggy_Pop) [29] (#cite_note-Elle1-29) Sabrina Nait (/w/index.php?title=Sabrina_Nait&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Sabrina Salerno (/wiki/Sabrina_Salerno) 1987 " Boys (Summertime Love) (/wiki/Boys_(Summertime_Love)) " Herself (as "Sabrina") Sacha Senisch (/w/index.php?title=Sacha_Senisch&action=edit&redlink=1) 2009 " A Looking in View (/wiki/A_Looking_in_View) " Alice in Chains (/wiki/Alice_in_Chains) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lr_tyst3SVE) 2010 "A Beautiful Day" Seven Saturdays YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HTcCV2VD0_A) 2010 " Between the Lines (/wiki/Between_the_Lines_(Stone_Temple_Pilots_song)) " Stone Temple Pilots (/wiki/Stone_Temple_Pilots) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JzS590AkE6c) 2011 "Well of Love" Mason Jennings (/wiki/Mason_Jennings) YouTube via Archive.org (https://web.archive.org/web/20120222194730/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZVSawu0_VvM) 2013 "The Socks Song" Shay Butler (/wiki/Shay_Butler) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KaQe09P5Qzo) Sade (/wiki/Sade_(singer)) 1984 " Your Love Is King (/wiki/Your_Love_Is_King) " Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k1ljpLQ1V6Y) 1984 " Smooth Operator (/wiki/Smooth_Operator) " Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4TYv2PhG89A) 1984 " When Am I Going to Make a Living (/wiki/When_Am_I_Going_to_Make_a_Living) " Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O-KqMHxpirI) 1984 " Hang On to Your Love (/wiki/Hang_On_to_Your_Love) " Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kxNJV83EMJw) 1985 " The Sweetest Taboo (/wiki/The_Sweetest_Taboo) " Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kcPc18SG6uA) 1985 " Is It a Crime? (/wiki/Is_It_a_Crime%3F) " Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NYz8xs163YU) 1992 " No Ordinary Love (/wiki/No_Ordinary_Love) " Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_WcWHZc8s2I) Salem Mitchell (/wiki/Salem_Mitchell) 2017 " Bartier Cardi (/wiki/Bartier_Cardi) " Cardi B (/wiki/Cardi_B) ft. 21 Savage (/wiki/21_Savage) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hXnMSaK6C2w) [274] (#cite_note-277) 2017 " Young Dumb & Broke (/wiki/Young_Dumb_%26_Broke) " Khalid (/wiki/Khalid_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IPfJnp1guPc) [275] (#cite_note-278) 2018 " Broken Clocks (/wiki/Broken_Clocks) " SZA (/wiki/SZA_(singer)) [276] (#cite_note-279) 2021 " Brutal (/wiki/Brutal_(song)) " Olivia Rodrigo (/wiki/Olivia_Rodrigo) [277] (#cite_note-280) Samantha Fox (/wiki/Samantha_Fox) 1986 " Touch Me (I Want Your Body) (/wiki/Touch_Me_(I_Want_Your_Body)) " Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W1btg3mpEOc) 1987 " Nothing's Gonna Stop Me Now (/wiki/Nothing%27s_Gonna_Stop_Me_Now_(Samantha_Fox_song)) " Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jPDHm4JOzI) Sara Sampaio (/wiki/Sara_Sampaio) 2015 " Hands to Myself (/wiki/Hands_to_Myself) " (Victoria's Secret video) Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) [54] (#cite_note-HBUK-54) 2016 " Chainsaw (/wiki/Chainsaw_(Nick_Jonas_song)) " Nick Jonas (/wiki/Nick_Jonas) [278] (#cite_note-281) [279] (#cite_note-282) 2016 " Wolves (/wiki/Wolves_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsA84bXrBZw) [19] (#cite_note-Harpers-Wolves-19) 2016 " Body Moves (/wiki/Body_Moves) " (Victoria's Secret video) DNCE (/wiki/DNCE) 2017 " 2U (/wiki/2U_(David_Guetta_song)) " (Victoria's Secret video) David Guetta (/wiki/David_Guetta) ft. Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RqcjBLMaWCg) [153] (#cite_note-Harpers-2U-154) Sarah Donna (/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Donna&action=edit&redlink=1) 2020 " Gnat (/wiki/Gnat_(song)) " Eminem (/wiki/Eminem) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EosMazKaPbU) 2021 " Giving What It's Supposed to Give (/w/index.php?title=Giving_What_It%27s_Supposed_to_Give&action=edit&redlink=1) " DaBaby (/wiki/DaBaby) 2021 " Lonely (/wiki/Lonely_(DaBaby_and_Lil_Wayne_song)) " DaBaby (/wiki/DaBaby) ft. Lil Wayne (/wiki/Lil_Wayne) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pqydBaa1QR8) Sarah Stage (/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Stage&action=edit&redlink=1) 2009 " Your Decision (/wiki/Your_Decision) " Alice in Chains (/wiki/Alice_in_Chains) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2D37POA11KY) [280] (#cite_note-283) Sasha Luss (/wiki/Sasha_Luss) 2016 " Wolves (/wiki/Wolves_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsA84bXrBZw) [20] (#cite_note-Vogue-Wolves-20) Saskia de Brauw (/wiki/Saskia_de_Brauw) 2013 " The Stars (Are Out Tonight) (/wiki/The_Stars_(Are_Out_Tonight)) " David Bowie (/wiki/David_Bowie) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gH7dMBcg-gE) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) Sean O'Pry (/wiki/Sean_O%27Pry) 2012 " Girl Gone Wild (/wiki/Girl_Gone_Wild) " Madonna (/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tYkwziTrv5o) [200] (#cite_note-Out-GirlGoneWild-201) 2014 " Blank Space (/wiki/Blank_Space) " Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) [166] (#cite_note-TW1-167) Selita Ebanks (/wiki/Selita_Ebanks) 2006 " Number One (/wiki/Number_One_(Pharrell_Williams_song)) " Pharrell (/wiki/Pharrell_Williams) ft. Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) 2010 " Make Up Bag (/wiki/Make_Up_Bag) " The-Dream (/wiki/The-Dream) ft. T.I. (/wiki/T.I.) 2010 " Runaway (/wiki/Runaway_(2010_film)) " (musical short film) Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Shana Zadrick (/wiki/Shana_Zadrick) 1992 " Too Funky (/wiki/Too_Funky) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQ2DVwSVIIo) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) [63] (#cite_note-Cherie-TooFunky-63) 1994 " Wild Night (/wiki/Wild_Night#John_Mellencamp_and_Meshell_Ndegeocello_version) " John Mellencamp (/wiki/John_Mellencamp) ft. Meshell Ndegeocello (/wiki/Meshell_Ndegeocello) [281] (#cite_note-284) Shanina Shaik (/wiki/Shanina_Shaik) 2015 " Do What You Like (/wiki/Do_What_You_Like_(Taio_Cruz_song)) " Taio Cruz (/wiki/Taio_Cruz) [282] (#cite_note-285) Sharise Ruddell (/w/index.php?title=Sharise_Ruddell&action=edit&redlink=1) 1987 " Girls, Girls, Girls (/wiki/Girls,_Girls,_Girls_(M%C3%B6tley_Cr%C3%BCe_song)) " Mötley Crüe (/wiki/M%C3%B6tley_Cr%C3%BCe) [69] (#cite_note-rs1-69) Sharni Vinson (/wiki/Sharni_Vinson) 2010 " My Own Step (/wiki/My_Own_Step) " Roscoe Dash (/wiki/Roscoe_Dash) and T-Pain (/wiki/T-Pain) ft. Fabo (/wiki/Fabo) 2012 "Put Your Hands Up" Matchbox Twenty (/wiki/Matchbox_Twenty) Sharina Gutierrez (/wiki/Sharina_Gutierrez) 2017 " To My Bed (/wiki/To_My_Bed) " Chris Brown (/wiki/Chris_Brown) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VfVmCnCP7Mg) [283] (#cite_note-286) Sheila Ming-Burgess 1981 " She's Got Claws (/wiki/She%27s_Got_Claws) " Gary Numan (/wiki/Gary_Numan) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EW02-y0A9e0) 1982 " Hungry Like the Wolf (/wiki/Hungry_Like_the_Wolf) " Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJL-lCzEXgI) [284] (#cite_note-RG-SheilaMing-287) 1985 " Saving All My Love For You (/wiki/Saving_All_My_Love_For_You) " Whitney Houston (/wiki/Whitney_Houston) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ewxmv2tyeRs) [284] (#cite_note-RG-SheilaMing-287) Shelley Hennig (/wiki/Shelley_Hennig) 2014 " Gentle On My Mind (/wiki/Gentle_on_My_Mind#Other_artists) " The Band Perry (/wiki/The_Band_Perry) 2017 " I Could Use a Love Song (/wiki/I_Could_Use_a_Love_Song) " Maren Morris (/wiki/Maren_Morris) Shu Pei (/wiki/Shu_Pei) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Simon Nessman (/wiki/Simon_Nessman) 2012 " Girl Gone Wild (/wiki/Girl_Gone_Wild) " Madonna (/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tYkwziTrv5o) [200] (#cite_note-Out-GirlGoneWild-201) Sira Kante (/w/index.php?title=Sira_Kante&action=edit&redlink=1) 2018 "Shame" Maxwell (/wiki/Maxwell_(musician)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lOG23DUV1WM) [8] (#cite_note-Vogue29102018-8) [9] (#cite_note-RS-17102018-9) Sita Abellán (/wiki/Sita_Abell%C3%A1n) 2015 " Bitch Better Have My Money (/wiki/Bitch_Better_Have_My_Money) " Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) [285] (#cite_note-288) Sonia Niekrasz (/wiki/Sonia_Niekrasz) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Sophie Dahl (/wiki/Sophie_Dahl) 1997 " Electric Barbarella (/wiki/Electric_Barbarella) " Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MK1g5dMYR3s) [286] (#cite_note-MCIta-SophieDahl-289) 1997 " Something About the Way You Look Tonight (/wiki/Something_About_the_Way_You_Look_Tonight) " Elton John (/wiki/Elton_John) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [210] (#cite_note-Vogue-KateMoss-211) [286] (#cite_note-MCIta-SophieDahl-289) 1997 " Last Night on Earth (/wiki/Last_Night_on_Earth_(U2_song)) " U2 (/wiki/U2) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DAYZ29QklTg) [286] (#cite_note-MCIta-SophieDahl-289) Stacey Sellers 2015 "Earth Tones" Ted Wulfers Stella Maxwell (/wiki/Stella_Maxwell) 2015 " Hands to Myself (/wiki/Hands_to_Myself) " (Victoria's Secret video) Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) [54] (#cite_note-HBUK-54) 2016 " Body Moves (/wiki/Body_Moves) " (Victoria's Secret video) DNCE (/wiki/DNCE) 2017 " 2U (/wiki/2U_(David_Guetta_song)) " (Victoria's Secret video) David Guetta (/wiki/David_Guetta) ft. Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RqcjBLMaWCg) [153] (#cite_note-Harpers-2U-154) 2018 " Like That (/wiki/Like_That_(Kris_Wu_song)) " Kris Wu (/wiki/Kris_Wu) [287] (#cite_note-290) Stephanie Corneliussen (/wiki/Stephanie_Corneliussen) 2012 " She's So Mean (/wiki/She%27s_So_Mean) " Matchbox Twenty (/wiki/Matchbox_Twenty) [288] (#cite_note-291) Stephanie Seymour (/wiki/Stephanie_Seymour) 1991 " Don't Cry (/wiki/Don%27t_Cry) " Guns N' Roses (/wiki/Guns_N%27_Roses) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zRIbf6JqkNc) [69] (#cite_note-rs1-69) 1992 " November Rain (/wiki/November_Rain) " Guns N' Roses (/wiki/Guns_N%27_Roses) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8SbUC-UaAxE) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) [69] (#cite_note-rs1-69) Stephanie Sigman (/wiki/Stephanie_Sigman) 2014 " Snap Out of It (/wiki/Snap_Out_of_It) " Arctic Monkeys (/wiki/Arctic_Monkeys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H8tLS_NOWLs) [289] (#cite_note-292) Stormi Henley (/wiki/Stormi_Henley) 2017 " I Don't Want U Back (/wiki/I_Don%27t_Want_U_Back) " Børns (/wiki/B%C3%B8rns) 2018 "Intangible" Herself YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XY2HBfa4MW4) Suki Waterhouse (/wiki/Suki_Waterhouse) 2019 " Nightmare (/wiki/Nightmare_(Halsey_song)) " Halsey (/wiki/Halsey_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q_dqfcvTZik) [290] (#cite_note-293) Summer Bartholomew (/wiki/Summer_Bartholomew) 1988 " Look Away (/wiki/Look_Away) " Chicago (/wiki/Chicago_(band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2uKLTtVqQpE) Sunny Mabrey (/wiki/Sunny_Mabrey) 1999 " Nookie (/wiki/Nookie_(Limp_Bizkit_song)) " Limp Bizkit (/wiki/Limp_Bizkit) 1999 " Amazed (/wiki/Amazed_(song)) " Lonestar (/wiki/Lonestar) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x-skFgrV59A) [291] (#cite_note-294) Susan Hatten (/w/index.php?title=Susan_Hatten&action=edit&redlink=1) 1988 " Fallen Angel (/wiki/Fallen_Angel_(Poison_song)) " Poison (/wiki/Poison_(band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AelpbAegA-4) [69] (#cite_note-rs1-69) Sydney Edmonds (/w/index.php?title=Sydney_Edmonds&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Tabria Majors (/w/index.php?title=Tabria_Majors&action=edit&redlink=1) 2020 " Body (/wiki/Body_(Megan_Thee_Stallion_song)) " Megan Thee Stallion (/wiki/Megan_Thee_Stallion) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7PBYGu4Az8s) [62] (#cite_note-HB-Body-62) Tania Coleridge (/wiki/Tania_Coleridge) 1987 " Father Figure (/wiki/Father_Figure_(George_Michael_song)) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_9hfHvQSNo) [292] (#cite_note-billboard-gm-295) 1991 " Poundcake (/wiki/Poundcake_(song)) " Van Halen (/wiki/Van_Halen) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1uF5xMhfp1c) 1991 " Twisted (/wiki/Saints_and_Sinners_(Kane_Roberts_album)) " Kane Roberts (/wiki/Kane_Roberts) Tara Lynn (/wiki/Tara_Lynn) 2016 " M.I.L.F. $ (/wiki/M.I.L.F._$) " Fergie (/wiki/Fergie_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsUWK-fixiA) [17] (#cite_note-Wmag-MILF$-17) [18] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-MILF$-18) Tarun Nijjer (/w/index.php?title=Tarun_Nijjer&action=edit&redlink=1) 2018 " I Want Your Love (/wiki/I_Want_Your_Love_(Chic_song)) " Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuuZIOx96Lw) [21] (#cite_note-Fashionista-IWantYourLove-21) [22] (#cite_note-TheFashionisto-IWantYourLove-22) [23] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-IWantYourLove-23) Tatiana Kovylina (/wiki/Tatiana_Kovylina) 2007 " Falling Down (/wiki/Falling_Down_(Duran_Duran_song)) " Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TplEakRFx0M) Tatjana Patitz (/wiki/Tatjana_Patitz) 1987 " Skin Trade (/wiki/Skin_Trade_(song)) " Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oNU61nS0TTY) 1988 " Tell Me (/wiki/Tell_Me_(Nick_Kamen_song)) " Nick Kamen (/wiki/Nick_Kamen) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i9keAAe8bBc) 1990 " Freedom! '90 (/wiki/Freedom!_%2790) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kDXtCEMPsEc) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) 2000 " Make Me Bad (/wiki/Make_Me_Bad) " Korn (/wiki/Korn) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ujEph5vFwmc) Taylor Hill (/wiki/Taylor_Hill_(model)) 2015 " Hands to Myself (/wiki/Hands_to_Myself) " (Victoria's Secret video) Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) 2016 " Body Moves (/wiki/Body_Moves) " (Victoria's Secret video) DNCE (/wiki/DNCE) [55] (#cite_note-Vogue-BodyMoves-55) [152] (#cite_note-Billboard-BodyMoves-153) Taylor Warren (/w/index.php?title=Taylor_Warren&action=edit&redlink=1) 2010 " Monster (/wiki/Monster_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) ft. Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) , Rick Ross (/wiki/Rick_Ross) , Nicki Minaj (/wiki/Nicki_Minaj) & Bon Iver (/wiki/Bon_Iver) Tawny Kitaen (/wiki/Tawny_Kitaen) 1984 "Back for More" Ratt (/wiki/Ratt) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u2CsUYAP6AU) [293] (#cite_note-Tawny-296) 1987 " Still of the Night (/wiki/Still_of_the_Night_(song)) " Whitesnake (/wiki/Whitesnake) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=swPt9HBRXuE) [293] (#cite_note-Tawny-296) 1987 " Is This Love (/wiki/Is_This_Love_(Whitesnake_song)) " Whitesnake YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GOJk0HW_hJw) [293] (#cite_note-Tawny-296) 1987 " Here I Go Again (/wiki/Here_I_Go_Again) " Whitesnake YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WyF8RHM1OCg) [293] (#cite_note-Tawny-296) 1989 " Fool for Your Loving (/wiki/Fool_for_Your_Loving) " (Version 2) Whitesnake YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Tp0K9YiTPE) [293] (#cite_note-Tawny-296) 1990 " The Deeper the Love (/wiki/The_Deeper_the_Love) " Whitesnake YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xuUz7QedAaM) [293] (#cite_note-Tawny-296) Teresa Lourenco (/wiki/Teresa_Lourenco) 2000 " Again (/wiki/Again_(Lenny_Kravitz_song)) " Lenny Kravitz (/wiki/Lenny_Kravitz) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eW2qlKa6oHw) [294] (#cite_note-297) Tereza Kacerova 2014 " Maps (/wiki/Maps_(Maroon_5_song)) " Maroon 5 (/wiki/Maroon_5) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NmugSMBh_iI) 2018 " Curious (/wiki/Curious_(Hayley_Kiyoko_song)) " Hayley Kiyoko (/wiki/Hayley_Kiyoko) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YXTzMOmmEfE) 2019 "Dangerous" Iris (/w/index.php?title=Iris_(singer,_born_1998)&action=edit&redlink=1) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yejjOHYlNTg) Tess Daly (/wiki/Tess_Daly) 1990 " Serious (/wiki/Serious_(Duran_Duran_song)) " Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ihtEg_hWIM) [295] (#cite_note-metro-298) 1990 " Violence of Summer (Love's Taking Over) (/wiki/Violence_of_Summer_(Love%27s_Taking_Over)) " Duran Duran YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lshDXc-2mes) [295] (#cite_note-metro-298) 1993 " Sweet Harmony (/wiki/Sweet_Harmony_(The_Beloved_song)) " The Beloved (/wiki/The_Beloved_(band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rP9Z5Pc8cRM) [295] (#cite_note-metro-298) Thomas Gibbons (/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Gibbons_(model)&action=edit&redlink=1) 2018 " I Want Your Love (/wiki/I_Want_Your_Love_(Chic_song)) " Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuuZIOx96Lw) [22] (#cite_note-TheFashionisto-IWantYourLove-22) Tommy Playboy 2020 " La Luz (/wiki/La_Luz_(Thal%C3%ADa_and_Myke_Towers_song)) " Thalía (/wiki/Thal%C3%ADa) and Myke Towers (/wiki/Myke_Towers) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eRlwXivfAAQ) Toni Garrn (/wiki/Toni_Garrn) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) 2018 " La Cintura (/wiki/La_cintura_(song)) " Alvaro Soler (/wiki/Alvaro_Soler) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eg4LUvUjUWI) [296] (#cite_note-299) 2019 "Rather Be Alone" Robin Schulz, Nick Martin and Sam Martin (/wiki/Sam_Martin_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uxLs8l5JCNM) [297] (#cite_note-300) 2020 " In Your Eyes (/wiki/In_Your_Eyes_(Robin_Schulz_song)) " Robin Schulz (/wiki/Robin_Schulz) ft. Alida YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mDLiAs5k1oI) [298] (#cite_note-301) Tony Ward (/wiki/Tony_Ward_(model)) 1988 " King Without a Crown (/wiki/King_Without_a_Crown_(ABC_song)) " ABC (/wiki/ABC_(band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2iXIfjGzMCA) 1988 " I Get Weak (/wiki/I_Get_Weak) " Belinda Carlisle (/wiki/Belinda_Carlisle) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sdTaPrs3fYE) [299] (#cite_note-302) 1989 " Cherish (/wiki/Cherish_(Madonna_song)) " Madonna (/wiki/Madonna) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8q2WS6ahCnY) [24] (#cite_note-TFS-48Hottest-24) 1989 " Like a Prayer (/wiki/Like_a_Prayer_(song)) " Madonna YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=79fzeNUqQbQ) 1989 " With Every Beat of My Heart (/wiki/With_Every_Beat_of_My_Heart) " Taylor Dayne (/wiki/Taylor_Dayne) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLqavsL003Q) 1990 " Justify My Love (/wiki/Justify_My_Love) " Madonna YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Np_Y740aReI) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) [24] (#cite_note-TFS-48Hottest-24) [37] (#cite_note-tid-37) 1992 " Erotica (/wiki/Erotica_(song)) " Madonna YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WyhdvRWEWRw) [24] (#cite_note-TFS-48Hottest-24) 1996 " Fastlove (/wiki/Fastlove) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SHAQlFq6TFg) Tracy Martinson (/w/index.php?title=Tracy_Martinson&action=edit&redlink=1) 1987 " Save Your Love (/wiki/Save_Your_Love_(Great_White_song)) " Great White (/wiki/Great_White) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ZrwysCjnnU) 1987 " Rock Me (/wiki/Rock_Me_(Great_White_song)) " Great White YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yg06B46VVys) Tyra Banks (/wiki/Tyra_Banks) 1991 " Love Thing (/wiki/Love_Thing) " Tina Turner (/wiki/Tina_Turner) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VH5HUEDI5q0) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [300] (#cite_note-Kreol-TyraBanks-303) 1991 " Black or White (/wiki/Black_or_White) " Michael Jackson (/wiki/Michael_Jackson) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pTFE8cirkdQ) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [300] (#cite_note-Kreol-TyraBanks-303) 1992 " Too Funky (/wiki/Too_Funky) " George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQ2DVwSVIIo) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [16] (#cite_note-Vogue-25Best-16) [63] (#cite_note-Cherie-TooFunky-63) [157] (#cite_note-Vogue-TooFunky-158) 1996 "Don't Wanna Lose You" Lionel Richie (/wiki/Lionel_Richie) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nm-Tdfo2Tas) [300] (#cite_note-Kreol-TyraBanks-303) Valery Kaufman (/wiki/Valery_Kaufman) 2018 " I Want Your Love (/wiki/I_Want_Your_Love_(Chic_song)) " Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuuZIOx96Lw) [21] (#cite_note-Fashionista-IWantYourLove-21) [22] (#cite_note-TheFashionisto-IWantYourLove-22) [23] (#cite_note-Hypebeast-IWantYourLove-23) Vanya Seager (/w/index.php?title=Vanya_Seager&action=edit&redlink=1) 1982 " Hungry Like the Wolf (/wiki/Hungry_Like_the_Wolf) " Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJL-lCzEXgI) 1982 " Lonely in Your Nightmare (/wiki/Lonely_in_Your_Nightmare) " Duran Duran YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rGdLNbIc2ZA) Vasa Nestorović 2009 " Just Get Out of My Life (/wiki/Just_Get_Out_of_My_Life) " Andrea Demirović (/wiki/Andrea_Demirovi%C4%87) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DjmTjOlxLoc) Veronica Webb (/wiki/Veronica_Webb) 1985 " Perfect Way (/wiki/Perfect_Way_(Scritti_Politti_song)) " Scritti Politti (/wiki/Scritti_Politti) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cLxIB_lrwk0) 1985 " Wood Beez (Pray Like Aretha Franklin) (/wiki/Wood_Beez_(Pray_Like_Aretha_Franklin)) " Scritti Politti [nb 4] (#cite_note-304) 1989 " Round & Round (/wiki/Round_%26_Round_(New_Order_song)) " New Order (/wiki/New_Order_(band)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t1tjQqWqqAA) [143] (#cite_note-Rhino-Technique-144) 1995 " Freek'n You (/wiki/Freek%27n_You) " Jodeci (/wiki/Jodeci) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oYwL-FzFDKQ) [64] (#cite_note-TGJ-FreeknYou-64) Victoria Lee (/wiki/Victoria_Lee) 2018 "Brooklyn" Connor Leimer (/wiki/Connor_Leimer) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wkZ504c04aI) Wallis Day (/wiki/Wallis_Day) 2014 " On My Way (/wiki/On_My_Way_(Lea_Michele_song)) " Lea Michele (/wiki/Lea_Michele) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6DkwtsJBWvY) 2014 " Arabella (/wiki/Arabella_(song)) " Arctic Monkeys (/wiki/Arctic_Monkeys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nj8r3qmOoZ8) 2014 " She Looks So Perfect (/wiki/She_Looks_So_Perfect) " 5 Seconds of Summer (/wiki/5_Seconds_of_Summer) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X2BYmmTI04I) Wallis Franken (/wiki/Wallis_Franken) 1990 " Justify My Love (/wiki/Justify_My_Love) " Madonna (/wiki/Madonna) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Np_Y740aReI) [301] (#cite_note-305) Willa Ford (/wiki/Willa_Ford) 2002 " In a Little While (/wiki/In_a_Little_While_(Uncle_Kracker_song)) " Uncle Kracker (/wiki/Uncle_Kracker) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UITLoH41xRw) 2010 "Burn It Down" Awolnation (/wiki/Awolnation) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XcClvRt9g2Q) Winnie Harlow (/wiki/Winnie_Harlow) 2014 " Guts Over Fear (/wiki/Guts_Over_Fear) " Eminem (/wiki/Eminem) ft. Sia (/wiki/Sia) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0AqnCSdkjQ0) [302] (#cite_note-306) [303] (#cite_note-307) 2014 "The One" JMSN (/wiki/JMSN) 2016 "Forward" Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) 2016 " Freedom (/wiki/Freedom_(Beyonc%C3%A9_song)) " Beyoncé ft. Kendrick Lamar (/wiki/Kendrick_Lamar) [11] (#cite_note-Vogue-Cameos1970s-11) 2018 " Promises (/wiki/Promises_(Calvin_Harris_and_Sam_Smith_song)) " Calvin Harris (/wiki/Calvin_Harris) ft. Sam Smith (/wiki/Sam_Smith_(singer)) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kkLk2XWMBf8) [304] (#cite_note-308) Xenia Deli (/wiki/Xenia_Deli) 2013 " Thinking About You (/wiki/Thinking_About_You_(Calvin_Harris_song)) " Calvin Harris (/wiki/Calvin_Harris) ft. Ayah Marar (/wiki/Ayah_Marar) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cl3b7dDBLpo) [305] (#cite_note-309) [306] (#cite_note-Bustle-XeniaDeli-310) 2015 " What Do You Mean? (/wiki/What_Do_You_Mean%3F) " Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DK_0jXPuIr0) [306] (#cite_note-Bustle-XeniaDeli-310) [307] (#cite_note-311) Xiao Wen Ju (/wiki/Xiao_Wen_Ju) 2018 " I Want Your Love (/wiki/I_Want_Your_Love_(Chic_song)) " Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuuZIOx96Lw) [21] (#cite_note-Fashionista-IWantYourLove-21) [22] (#cite_note-TheFashionisto-IWantYourLove-22) Yasmin Le Bon (/wiki/Yasmin_Le_Bon) 1992 " Who Is It (/wiki/Who_Is_It_(Michael_Jackson_song)) " Michael Jackson (/wiki/Michael_Jackson) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PfrV_6yWbEg) 2011 "Girl Panic!" Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sSMbOuNBV0s) [15] (#cite_note-Harpers-37Best-15) [121] (#cite_note-RS-GirlPanic-122) [122] (#cite_note-Cut-GirlPanic-123) Yasmin Wijnaldum (/wiki/Yasmin_Wijnaldum) 2019 "K I D S" G-Eazy (/wiki/G-Eazy) ft. Dex Lauper YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LNve_uWnRNU) 2019 " Don't Start Now (/wiki/Don%27t_Start_Now) " Dua Lipa (/wiki/Dua_Lipa) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oygrmJFKYZY) [31] (#cite_note-OD-DontStartNow-31) [32] (#cite_note-TheList-DontStartNow-32) Yoav Reuveni 2011 "Mon meilleur amour" Anggun (/wiki/Anggun) Yonatan Wagman 2012 " Echo (You and I) (/wiki/Echo_(You_and_I)) " Anggun (/wiki/Anggun) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SnSmB7uBo-Y) Ysaunny Brito (/w/index.php?title=Ysaunny_Brito&action=edit&redlink=1) 2016 " Wolves (/wiki/Wolves_(Kanye_West_song)) " Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LsA84bXrBZw) [20] (#cite_note-Vogue-Wolves-20) Zuleyka Rivera (/wiki/Zuleyka_Rivera) 2017 " Despacito (/wiki/Despacito) " Luis Fonsi (/wiki/Luis_Fonsi) ft. Daddy Yankee (/wiki/Daddy_Yankee) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kJQP7kiw5Fk) [308] (#cite_note-312) Zuzanna Bijoch (/wiki/Zuzanna_Bijoch) 2011 " Empire State of Mind (/wiki/Empire_State_of_Mind) (Life + Times Version)" Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) ft. Alicia Keys (/wiki/Alicia_Keys) YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBoNgED1RZE) [47] (#cite_note-SWH-EmpireStateOfMind-47) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-71) Bobbie Brown is credited as Bobby Brown in the Cool as Ice (/wiki/Cool_as_Ice) film. Part of her scene appears in the accompanying music video. ^ (#cite_ref-249) Miranda Kerr also provides a vocal performance for the song. ^ (#cite_ref-252) Naomi Campbell also provides a vocal performance for the song. ^ (#cite_ref-304) Veronica Webb appears in the US version of Scritti Politti's "Wood Beez" video. References [ edit ] ^ a b c d Wicks, Amanda (19 May 2016). 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"Kim Kardashian, Alessandra Ambrosio, Ciara and More Star in Fergie's Latest "M.I.L.F. $" Music Video" (https://hypebeast.com/2018/7/fergie-milf-music-video-2) . Hypebeast . Retrieved 12 July 2024 . ^ a b c d e f g h i j Gonzales, Erica (29 July 2016). "Kanye West's "Wolves" Video Is Basically a Balmain Ad Campaign" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/designers/news/a16979/kanye-west-balmain-wolves-video/) . Harper's Bazaar . Retrieved 12 July 2024 . ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Yotka, Steff (29 July 2016). "Kanye West Teams With Balmain for His "Wolves" Video—Olivier Rousteing Shares His Take on the Collaboration" (https://www.vogue.com/article/kanye-west-wolves-music-video-balmain-fall-2016-campaign) . Vogue . Retrieved 16 July 2024 . ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Tom Ford's Disco Dance Party Spring 2016 Video Stars Lady Gaga" (https://fashionista.com/2015/10/tom-ford-spring-video-lady-gaga) . Fashionista . 2 October 2015 . 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"Watch Tame Impala member dance with Alexa Chung in new video" (https://www.nme.com/news/music/cameron-avery-alexa-chung-dance-with-me-video-2005319) . NME . Retrieved 13 July 2024 . ^ a b c Mitchell, Amanda (6 March 2020). "The Lyrics to Dua Lipa's "Don't Start Now" Are About Moving on From an Ex" (https://www.oprahdaily.com/entertainment/a31264079/dua-lipa-dont-start-now-lyrics-explained/) . Oprah Daily . Retrieved 12 July 2024 . ^ a b c Ramsden, Sam (10 March 2021). "Here's What Dua Lipa's Don't Start Now Really Means" (https://www.thelist.com/352680/heres-what-dua-lipas-dont-start-now-really-means/) . The List . Retrieved 12 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) Briones, Isis (13 January 2017). "The Chainsmokers Drop New "Paris" Single and Lyric Video" (https://www.teenvogue.com/story/the-chainsmokers-paris-single-lyric-video-premiere) . Teen Vogue . Retrieved 12 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) Mamo, Heran (4 October 2019). 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Business Insider . Retrieved 18 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-281) Gonzales, Erica (13 May 2016). "Nick Jonas and Sara Sampaio Get Heated Up in His "Chainsaw" Music Video" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/art-books-music/a15626/nick-jonas-chainsaw-music-video/) . Harper's Bazaar . Retrieved 18 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-282) Garcia, Patricia (13 May 2016). "Nick Jonas Goes Through a Bad Breakup in His New Video for "Chainsaw" (https://www.vogue.com/article/nick-jonas-chainsaw-video-exclusive) " (https://www.vogue.com/article/nick-jonas-chainsaw-video-exclusive) . Vogue . Retrieved 18 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-283) "WOMENkind: Sarah Stage" (http://mankindunplugged.com/2010/05/19/womenkind-sarah-stage/) . Mankind Unplugged . 19 May 2010 . Retrieved 13 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-284) Penn, Vinnie (25 March 2021). "10 alternative duets from the '90s that deserved more recognition" (https://www.altpress.com/underappreciated-90s-alternative-duets/) . Alternative Press . 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(https://www.bustle.com/articles/94557-who-is-sita-abellan-rihannas-bbhmm-accomplice-is-an-accomplished-model-with-a-unique-personal-style) . Bustle . Retrieved 18 July 2024 . ^ a b c Fantasia, Giuseppe (23 January 2020). "Sophie Dahl oggi ha pubblicato un libro, e non è un'autobiografia nostalgica" (https://www.marieclaire.it/attualita/gossip/a30641411/sophie-dahl-oggi/) [Sophie Dahl published a book today, and it's not a nostalgic autobiography]. Marie Claire Italy (in Italian) . Retrieved 18 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-290) Mamo, Heran (22 May 2018). "Kris Wu Presents Blazing Visuals for 'Like That' Video: Watch" (https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/kris-wu-presents-blazing-visuals-for-like-that-video-8457450/) . Billboard . Retrieved 18 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-291) Cakman, Ozan (2 June 2023). "Stephanie Corneliussen: Danish Actress and Model" (https://fashionrepublicmagazine.com/stephanie-corneliussen/) . Fashion Republic . 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Billboard . Retrieved 5 July 2024 . ^ a b c d e f Hudak, Joseph (8 May 2021). "Tawny Kitaen, Whitesnake's 'Here I Go Again' Video Star, Dead at 59" (https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/tawny-kitaen-whitesnake-video-dead-obituary-1167012/) . Rolling Stone . Retrieved 13 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-297) "Teresa Lourenço - Fashion Model" (https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/teresa_lourenço/photos/shows.htm) . Fashion Model Directory . Retrieved 1 July 2024 . ^ a b c Westbrook, Caroline (16 March 2016). "Tess Daly stripped off in a music video in 1993 and she's still embarrassed about it" (https://metro.co.uk/2016/03/16/tess-daly-stripped-off-in-a-music-video-in-1993-and-shes-still-embarrassed-about-it-5756014/) . Metro . Retrieved 5 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-299) "Toni Garrn baila al ritmo de 'La cintura', el próximo 'single' de Álvaro Soler" (https://www.hola.com/actualidad/20180314121534/alvaro-soler-toni-garrn-baile-la-cintura-moda/) [Toni Garrn dances to the rhythm of 'La cintura', the next 'single' by Álvaro Soler]. Hola (in Spanish). 14 March 2018 . Retrieved 15 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-300) "Toni Garrn spielt neben Robin Schulz die Hauptrolle im intergalaktisch guten Video zu "Rather Be Alone" (https://www.warnermusic.de/news/2019-10-07/toni-garrn-spielt-neben-robin-schulz-die-hauptrolle-im-intergalaktisch-guten-video) " (https://www.warnermusic.de/news/2019-10-07/toni-garrn-spielt-neben-robin-schulz-die-hauptrolle-im-intergalaktisch-guten-video) [Toni Garrn plays the leading role alongside Robin Schulz in the intergalactically good video for "Rather Be Alone"]. Warner Music Germany (in German). 7 October 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-301) "Mit seinem neuen Song entfacht Robin Schulz das Feuer "In Your Eyes": Hier gibt's das rasante Video" (https://www.warnermusic.de/news/2020-01-10/mit-seinem-neuen-song-entfacht-robin-schulz-das-feuer-in-your-eyes-hier-gibts-das) [With his new song, Robin Schulz ignites the fire "In Your Eyes": Here is the fast-paced video]. Warner Music Germany (in German). 10 January 2020 . Retrieved 15 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-302) McPhate, Tim (3 December 2014). "In Deep With Belinda Carlisle" (https://www.grammy.com/news/in-deep-with-belinda-carlisle) . Grammy Awards . Retrieved 15 July 2024 . ^ a b c "Tyra Banks – From supermodel to role model" (https://kreolmagazine.com/culture/features/tyra-banks-from-supermodel-to-role-model/) . Kreol . 6 October 2016 . Retrieved 16 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-305) Orth, Maureen (6 January 2009). "Death by Design" (https://www.vanityfair.com/magazine/1996/09/montana199609) . Vanity Fair . 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"Playboy model who starred in Calvin Harris video expecting a baby with 65-year-old husband" (https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/entertainment/celebrity/playboy-model-who-starred-calvin-12495972) . Daily Record . Retrieved 16 July 2024 . ^ a b Anglis, Jaclyn (31 August 2015). "Meet Justin Bieber's Video Co-Star" (https://www.bustle.com/articles/106916-whos-the-woman-in-justin-biebers-what-do-you-mean-video-xenia-deli-has-an-impressive) . Bustle . Retrieved 16 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-311) Okwodu, Janelle (4 September 2015). "Catching Up With Justin Bieber's New Video Vixen" (https://www.vogue.com/article/what-do-you-mean-justin-bieber-xenia-deli) . Vogue . Retrieved 16 July 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-312) Fernandez, Suzette (21 July 2017). "5 Things To Know About Despacito's Zuleyka Rivera" (https://www.billboard.com/music/latin/despacito-zuleyka-rivera-5-things-to-know-7873827/) . Billboard . Retrieved 15 July 2024 . 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English fashion model Giselle Norman Norman in 2018 Born ( 2001-01-16 ) 16 January 2001 (age 23) London (/wiki/London) , England (/wiki/England) , U.K. Nationality British (/wiki/British_people) Occupation Model Modelling information Height 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) Hair colour Brown Eye colour Blue-green Agency Elite Model Management (/wiki/Elite_Model_Management) (New York) Ford Models (/wiki/Ford_Models) (Paris) The Fabbrica (Milan) Premier Management (/w/index.php?title=Premier_Management&action=edit&redlink=1) (London) (mother agency) [1] (#cite_note-1) Giselle Isabella P. Norman [2] (#cite_note-2) is an English fashion model. Early life [ edit ] Norman is the oldest of four girls. [3] (#cite_note-VogueUK-3) She grew up in Petworth (/wiki/Petworth) , West Sussex (/wiki/West_Sussex) . Career [ edit ] Norman walks the runway at the Paco Rabanne (/wiki/Paco_Rabanne) Fall-Winter 2020-2021 show After struggling academically, Norman decided to drop out of Bryanston School (/wiki/Bryanston_School) and model full time. She was discovered by Storm Management (/wiki/Storm_Management) at a restaurant. [4] (#cite_note-ID-4) She debuted as an exclusive at JW Anderson (/wiki/JW_Anderson) 's A/W 2018 show, selected by casting director Ashley Brokaw (/wiki/Ashley_Brokaw) to open the show. [3] (#cite_note-VogueUK-3) She walked for Dior (/wiki/Dior) , Chloé (/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9) , Paco Rabanne (/wiki/Paco_Rabanne) , Loewe (/wiki/Loewe_(fashion_brand)) , Miu Miu (/wiki/Miu_Miu) , Sonia Rykiel (/wiki/Sonia_Rykiel) , Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_house)) , and Louis Vuitton (/wiki/Louis_Vuitton) . [4] (#cite_note-ID-4) In the A/W 2019 season, she walked in 38 shows for brands including Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) , Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) , Versace (/wiki/Versace) , Stella McCartney (/wiki/Stella_McCartney) , Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors) , Lanvin (/wiki/Lanvin_(company)) , and Victoria Beckham (/wiki/Victoria_Beckham) . [5] (#cite_note-Sunday-5) Norman has appeared in American Vogue , Vogue Italia (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) , Vogue Japan (/wiki/Vogue_Japan) , British Vogue (/wiki/British_Vogue) , WSJ (/wiki/WSJ) , Dazed (/wiki/Dazed) , and i-D (/wiki/I-D) . As of 2019 [update] (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Giselle_Norman&action=edit) , Norman is ranked on the "Top 50" list by models.com. [6] (#cite_note-6) Models.com also chose her as a "Top Newcomer" for the S/S 2019 season. [7] (#cite_note-7) Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) chose her as one of the "Top 14 Models of the F/W 2019 season". [8] (#cite_note-8) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Premier Management website" (https://www.premiermodelmanagement.com) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Search Results for World records | findmypast.com" (https://www.findmypast.com/search/results?firstname=giselle&lastname=norman&eventyear=2001&eventyear_offset=0&yearofbirth=2001&yearofbirth_offset=0&keywordsplace=england) . www.findmypast.com . Retrieved 2 March 2020 . ^ a b Pike, Naomi (16 January 2019). "Giselle Norman Is The Rising British Model Who Found Confidence Thanks To Cindy Crawford" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/giselle-norman-model-interview) . British Vogue . ^ a b "meet this season's breakout star with two identical beauty marks" (https://i-d.vice.com/en_us/article/d357xy/meet-this-seasons-breakout-star-with-two-identical-beauty-marks) . i-D . ^ (#cite_ref-Sunday_5-0) McFarland, Jane. "MEET GISELLE NORMAN, THE 18-YEAR-OLD SET TO BE THE NEXT BRITISH SUPERMODEL" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/fashion-meet-model-gisele-norman-british-next-big-supermodel-6wvkdcd0d) . The Sunday Times . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Top 50 Models" (https://models.com/rankings/ui/Top50/29371#29371) . models.com . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Top Newcomers S/S 2019" (https://models.com/mdx/top-newcomers-s-s-2019/) . models.com . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Okwodu, Janelle (13 March 2019). "Meet the Top 14 Models of Fall 2019" (https://www.vogue.com/vogueworld/article/vogue-top-14-models-fall-2019) . Vogue . Condé Nast . Retrieved 26 November 2019 . 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American magazine editor (1913–2019) Babs Simpson Born Beatrice Crosby de Mendocal ( 1913-04-09 ) April 9, 1913 Beijing, China Died January 7, 2019 (2019-01-07) (aged 105) Rye, New York Occupation Magazine editor Employer(s) Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) House & Garden (/wiki/House_%26_Garden_(magazine)) Babs Simpson (born Beatrice Crosby de Menocal ; ( 1913-04-09 ) April 9, 1913 – ( 2019-01-07 ) January 7, 2019) was an American magazine editor. She is best known for her 25-year tenure at Vogue as a fashion editor (/wiki/Fashion_editor) . Biography [ edit ] The oldest of four children, Simpson was born in 1913 in Beijing (then called Peking), China, to Daniel Ammen de Menocal, a banker from an aristocratic Cuban family, and Beatrice (Crosby) de Menocal, a New York City socialite. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) The family lived in South America before settling in Boston, Massachusetts. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) Simpson married William Simpson in 1935 and moved to Locust Valley (/wiki/Locust_Valley,_New_York) , New York; [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) they divorced seven years later. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) In 1944, two years after moving to Manhattan, Simpson obtained (through a friend) a position at Harper's Bazaa r (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) , working in a photographer's studio. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) She was then hired to work for the magazine itself, under editor Carmel Snow (/wiki/Carmel_Snow) . [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) In 1947, she left Harper's Bazaar to work at Vogue , where she would remain until 1972. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) As a fashion editor, Simpson covered fashion shows and produced photo shoots. [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) She collaborated with the photographer Irving Penn (/wiki/Irving_Penn) on many of his iconic images. [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) She styled what would become Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe) 's final photo shoot, photographed by Bert Stern (/wiki/Bert_Stern) a month before her death. [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) After leaving Vogue, Simpson worked at House & Garden magazine from 1972 until it was shuttered in 1993. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) In 2006, at the age of 93, Simpson became the oldest person to be featured in Vogue , when she appeared in its annual Age Issue. [6] (#cite_note-:4-6) [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) In 2012, at age 99, she was featured in In Vogue: The Editor's Eye , an HBO documentary about the fashion editors at Vogue . [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) [6] (#cite_note-:4-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) Simpson was in a 35-year relationship with art dealer Paul Magriel; they lived in separate apartments in the same Manhattan apartment building throughout their relationship and did not marry. [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) Simpson owned a Paul Lester Weiner (/wiki/Paul_Lester_Wiener) -designed modernist home in Amagansett (/wiki/Amagansett,_New_York) , New York, built for her in 1963. [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) [8] (#cite_note-8) She spent her later years in a retirement community in Rye (/wiki/Rye,_New_York) , New York. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) She died on January 7, 2019, at the age of 105, in Rye. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d e f g h i Schneier, Matthew (2019-01-07). "Babs Simpson, Taste-Making Fashion Editor at Vogue, Is Dead at 105" (https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/07/obituaries/babs-simpson-dead.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2019-12-08 . ^ a b c d e f g Holgate, Mark (2019-01-07). "Remembering Babs Simpson: Vogue Editor and Great American Free Spirit" (https://www.vogue.com/article/obituary-babs-simpson-vogue-editor-from-the-archives) . Vogue . Retrieved 2019-12-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Miss Beatrice de Menocal weds Mr. William Simpson" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/26352048/the_boston_globe/) . The Boston Globe . 1935-06-08. p. 15 . Retrieved 2019-12-08 . ^ a b c d e Bowles, Hamish (2019-01-07). "Babs Simpson, a Former Vogue Editor Who Collaborated With Irving Penn, Has Died at 105" (https://www.vogue.com/article/babs-simpson-vogue-editor-obituary) . Vogue . Retrieved 2019-12-08 . ^ a b Atkinson, Nathalie (2012-12-06). "In Vogue: The Editor's Eye is keen on details" (https://nationalpost.com/entertainment/in-vogue-documentary-has-an-editors-eye-for-details) . National Post . Retrieved 2019-12-08 . ^ a b "Babs Simpson, Vogue fashion editor who championed the minimal look and was once stranded on an Andean peak – obituary" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2019/01/11/babs-simpson-vogue-fashion-editor-championed-minimal-look-stranded/) . The Telegraph . 2019-01-11. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0307-1235 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235) . Retrieved 2019-12-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "In Vogue: The Editor's Eye" (https://www.hbo.com/documentaries/in-vogue-the-editors-eye) . HBO . Retrieved 2019-12-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Nobel, Philip (1999-07-22). "DESIGN NOTEBOOK; Footprints in the Sand From the 60's" (https://www.nytimes.com/1999/07/22/garden/design-notebook-footprints-in-the-sand-from-the-60-s.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2019-12-08 . 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This category is for fashion (/wiki/Fashion) articles that are rated as FA-class on the Wikipedia 1.0 Assessment Scale (/wiki/Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/Assessment) . Place articles in this category by typing this on the article's Talk page: Administrators: Please do not delete this category as empty! This category may be empty occasionally or even most of the time. FA A (/wiki/Category:A-Class_fashion_articles) GA (/wiki/Category:GA-Class_fashion_articles) B (/wiki/Category:B-Class_fashion_articles) C (/wiki/Category:C-Class_fashion_articles) Start (/wiki/Category:Start-Class_fashion_articles) Stub (/wiki/Category:Stub-Class_fashion_articles) FL (/wiki/Category:FL-Class_fashion_articles) List (/wiki/Category:List-Class_fashion_articles) Category (/wiki/Category:Category-Class_fashion_articles) Disambig (/wiki/Category:Disambig-Class_fashion_articles) Draft (/wiki/Category:Draft-Class_fashion_articles) File (/wiki/Category:File-Class_fashion_articles) Portal (/wiki/Category:Portal-Class_fashion_articles) Project (/wiki/Category:Project-Class_fashion_articles) Template (/wiki/Category:Template-Class_fashion_articles) NA (/wiki/Category:NA-Class_fashion_articles) ??? (/wiki/Category:Unassessed_fashion_articles) 27 0 96 452 1,359 4,785 2,498 2 125 1,295 18 149 75 2 31 124 518 591 See also Category:Fashion articles by importance (/wiki/Category:Fashion_articles_by_importance) . 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Rendering was triggered because: api-parse Pages in category "FA-Class fashion articles" The following 27 pages are in this category, out of 27 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Talk:Angel Aquino (/wiki/Talk:Angel_Aquino) Talk:Armadillo shoe (/wiki/Talk:Armadillo_shoe) B Talk:Bäckadräkten (/wiki/Talk:B%C3%A4ckadr%C3%A4kten) Talk:Bronwyn Bancroft (/wiki/Talk:Bronwyn_Bancroft) Talk:Black Christian Siriano gown of Billy Porter (/wiki/Talk:Black_Christian_Siriano_gown_of_Billy_Porter) E Talk:Eye (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/Talk:Eye_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) I Talk:Illusion of Kate Moss (/wiki/Talk:Illusion_of_Kate_Moss) Talk:Inuit clothing (/wiki/Talk:Inuit_clothing) Talk:Irere (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/Talk:Irere_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) J Talk:Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims (/wiki/Talk:Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims) K Talk:Katrina Kaif (/wiki/Talk:Katrina_Kaif) L Talk:Lady Gaga (/wiki/Talk:Lady_Gaga) M Talk:Kylie Minogue (/wiki/Talk:Kylie_Minogue) N Talk:Neptune (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/Talk:Neptune_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) O Talk:Oyster dress (/wiki/Talk:Oyster_dress) P Talk:Pantheon ad Lucem (/wiki/Talk:Pantheon_ad_Lucem) S Talk:Judy Ann Santos (/wiki/Talk:Judy_Ann_Santos) Talk:Gwen Stefani (/wiki/Talk:Gwen_Stefani) T Talk:Taxi Driver (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/Talk:Taxi_Driver_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) Talk:The Birds (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/Talk:The_Birds_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) Talk:The Dance of the Twisted Bull (/wiki/Talk:The_Dance_of_the_Twisted_Bull) Talk:The Girl Who Lived in the Tree (/wiki/Talk:The_Girl_Who_Lived_in_the_Tree) Talk:The Hunger (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/Talk:The_Hunger_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) Talk:The Overlook (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/Talk:The_Overlook_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) Talk:The Widows of Culloden (/wiki/Talk:The_Widows_of_Culloden) V Talk:Cherry Valentine (/wiki/Talk:Cherry_Valentine) Talk:Regine Velasquez (/wiki/Talk:Regine_Velasquez) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:FA-Class_fashion_articles&oldid=952009551 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:FA-Class_fashion_articles&oldid=952009551) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Fashion articles by quality (/wiki/Category:Fashion_articles_by_quality) FA-Class articles (/wiki/Category:FA-Class_articles) Hidden categories: Template Category class with class parameter matching title (/wiki/Category:Template_Category_class_with_class_parameter_matching_title) Automatic category TOC generates no TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_no_TOC)
Sacai Company type Private Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) Founded 1999 Founder Chitose Abe Headquarters Tokyo (/wiki/Tokyo) , Japan (/wiki/Japan) Website www (http://www.sacai.jp) .sacai (http://www.sacai.jp) .jp (http://www.sacai.jp) 2017 Chitose Abe for Sacai two-piece dress, Fall-Winter collection. Pleated printed silk. Sacai (stylized in lowercase) is a Japanese luxury fashion (/wiki/Fashion) brand founded by Chitose Abe (née Chitose Sakai (/wiki/Sakai_(name)) ) in 1999. [1] (#cite_note-barneys-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Vogue magazine has cited Sacai as influential in breaking down the dichotomy between casual and formal clothing. [3] (#cite_note-3) History [ edit ] Abe grew up in Gifu prefecture (/wiki/Gifu_prefecture) making clothes for dolls. Her mother was a seamstress. [4] (#cite_note-4) Abe worked as a pattern cutter (/wiki/Pattern_(sewing)) for Comme des Garçons (/wiki/Comme_des_Gar%C3%A7ons) and later worked for Junya Watanabe (/wiki/Junya_Watanabe) . [5] (#cite_note-bergdorfgoodman-5) From 2016 to 2022, Sacai collaborated with Sophie Bille Brahe, The North Face (/wiki/The_North_Face) , Beats Electronics (/wiki/Beats_Electronics) , Apple (/wiki/Apple_Inc.) , A.P.C. (/wiki/A.P.C.) , Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) and Dior (/wiki/Dior) . [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-barneys_1-0) "Barneys New York" (https://www.barneys.com/designer/sacai/N-1voaesk) . barneys.com . Retrieved 2017-09-17 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Cochrane, Lauren (4 March 2024). "The Cult of Sacai". Grazia . No. 876. ^ (#cite_ref-3) NICOLE PHELPS, FALL 2017 READY-TO-WEAR: Sacai (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/fall-2017-ready-to-wear/sacai) Vogue magazine (/wiki/Vogue_magazine) , MARCH 6, 2017 ^ (#cite_ref-4) Hypebeast , issue 15, p. 178 ^ (#cite_ref-bergdorfgoodman_5-0) "Sacai Clothing : Dresses & Tops at Bergdorf Goodman" (http://www.bergdorfgoodman.com/Sacai/Designers-A-Z/cat495805/c.cat) . bergdorfgoodman.com . Retrieved 2017-09-17 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Kelly Wetherille, Sacai Moves Into Jewelry: Chitose Abe has tapped Danish jewelry designer Sophie Bille Brahe for a capsule collection of fine jewelry. (http://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/sacai-jewelry-sophie-bille-brahe-capsule-collection-10336892/) Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) , February 2, 2016 ^ (#cite_ref-7) ELLIE PITHERS, AUTUMN/WINTER 2017 READY-TO-WEAR: Sacai (https://www.vogue.co.uk/shows/autumn-winter-2017-ready-to-wear/sacai) Vogue, 6 March 2017 ^ (#cite_ref-8) Beats by Dre (https://www.beatsbydre.com/collaborations/sacai) ^ (#cite_ref-9) APC x sacai collab (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/apc-sacai-collab-jean-touitou-interview/) Highsnobiety See also [ edit ] Dover Street Market (/wiki/Dover_Street_Market) 10 Corso Como (/wiki/10_Corso_Como) Colette (/wiki/Colette_(boutique)) This article about a Japanese corporation- or company-related topic is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sacai&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐j9rpc Cached time: 20240712193420 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.273 seconds Real time usage: 0.341 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1227/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 12251/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 584/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 19201/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.188/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3838987/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 311.363 1 -total 42.01% 130.811 1 Template:Infobox_company 38.57% 120.096 1 Template:Infobox 34.71% 108.071 1 Template:Reflist 28.28% 88.057 2 Template:Cite_web 21.54% 67.059 1 Template:Japan-company-stub 20.91% 65.119 1 Template:Asbox 3.78% 11.776 1 Template:URL 3.05% 9.504 1 Template:Comma_separated_entries 1.85% 5.766 1 Template:Cite_magazine Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:55268562-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712193420 and revision id 1209204198. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sacai&oldid=1209204198 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sacai&oldid=1209204198) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing companies of Japan (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_of_Japan) Japanese fashion (/wiki/Category:Japanese_fashion) Japanese company stubs (/wiki/Category:Japanese_company_stubs) Hidden category: All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
Mexican-American model and actress (born 1991) Zuleyka Silver Born ( 1991-08-02 ) August 2, 1991 (age 32) Tijuana, Baja California (/wiki/Tijuana,_Baja_California) , Mexico Nationality American, Mexican Occupation(s) Actress, fashion model (/wiki/Fashion_model) , beauty pageant contestant Years active 2009–present Zuleyka Silver (born August 2, 1991) is a Mexican-American actress, fashion model (/wiki/Fashion_model) , and the seventh runner-up of the seventh season (/wiki/Nuestra_Belleza_Latina_2013) of Univision (/wiki/Univision) 's Nuestra Belleza Latina . [1] (#cite_note-Nuestra_Belleza_Latina-1) Early life [ edit ] Silver was born in Tijuana (/wiki/Tijuana) , Baja California (/wiki/Baja_California) , Mexico. [1] (#cite_note-Nuestra_Belleza_Latina-1) Career [ edit ] Commencing her acting career by debuting in the television film The Strip (2010), Silver has frequently appeared in episodes of popular television series such as 90210 (/wiki/90210_(TV_series)) , Big Time Rush (/wiki/Big_Time_Rush) , Touch (/wiki/Touch_(American_TV_series)) , CSI: Crime Scene Investigation (/wiki/CSI:_Crime_Scene_Investigation) , and The Bold and the Beautiful (/wiki/The_Bold_and_the_Beautiful) . In 2009, she auditioned for Model Latina (/wiki/Model_Latina) ' s second season, where she finished in 3rd place. In 2013, she auditioned for Nuestra Belleza Latina 2013 (/wiki/Nuestra_Belleza_Latina_2013) , representing her home country Mexico, where she portrayed acclaimed Mexican actress María Félix (/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_F%C3%A9lix) in a photo shoot, and had the opportunity to portray María José Tenorio, a character from Jenni Rivera (/wiki/Jenni_Rivera) 's acting debut film Filly Brown (/wiki/Filly_Brown) . She portrayed Anna in the Canadian horror thriller film (/wiki/Thriller_film) Girl House (/wiki/Girl_House) , in which she co-starred with Ali Cobrin (/wiki/Ali_Cobrin) , Slaine (/wiki/Slaine_(rapper)) , Nicole Arianna Fox (/wiki/Nicole_Fox) , Wesley MacInnes (/wiki/Wesley_MacInnes) and Camren Bicondova (/wiki/Camren_Bicondova) . [2] (#cite_note-2) She also played the role of Daniela Welker in the TV series The Mentalist (/wiki/The_Mentalist) . In 2016, she appeared in one episode of the American TV series Code Black (/wiki/Code_Black_(TV_series)) playing the role of Kamilla. In 2016, she appeared in one episode of the American TV series Hawaii Five-0 (/wiki/Hawaii_Five-0_(2010_TV_series)) playing the role of Isabel. In 2017, she appeared in the episode "Potato Salad, a Broomstick, and Dad’s Whiskey" of the American TV series Young Sheldon (/wiki/Young_Sheldon) playing the role of Selena. In August 2022, it was announced that Silver has joined the cast of CBS’ The Young and the Restless (/wiki/The_Young_and_the_Restless) as high-powered executive Audra Charles (/wiki/Audra_Charles) who's lured to town by one of Genoa City's business icons. She first appeared on the soap in September 22, 2022, in a recurring role. [3] (#cite_note-3) Filmography [ edit ] Film [ edit ] Year Title Role Notes 2011 In Time (/wiki/In_Time) Pasha 2013 Cavemen Alicia 2014 Girl House (/wiki/Girl_House) Anna 2015 Gerardo Ortiz: Como un Sueño Gerardo's Girlfriend 2016 Barrio Tales 2 Marisol 2017 The Lay of LaLa Land Betty Anne Television [ edit ] Year Title Role Notes 2010 90210 Beautiful Waitress Episode: "They're Playing Her Song" 2010 The Strip Maria Television film 2011 Big Time Rush (/wiki/Big_Time_Rush) Tiffany Episode: "Big Time Contest" 2012 Blue Eyed Butcher (/wiki/Blue_Eyed_Butcher) Maria Television film 2012 Touch Marisol Flores Episode: "Entanglement" 2012 CSI: Crime Scene Investigation (/wiki/CSI:_Crime_Scene_Investigation) Elena Punto Episode: " Wild Flowers (/wiki/List_of_CSI:_Crime_Scene_Investigation_episodes) " 2013 The Bold and the Beautiful (/wiki/The_Bold_and_the_Beautiful) Model Episode #1.6558 2014 The Mentalist (/wiki/The_Mentalist) Daniela Welker 3 episodes 2015–2021 Jimmy Kimmel Live! (/wiki/Jimmy_Kimmel_Live!) Mrs. Guillermo / Monica 8 episodes 2016 Code Black Kamilla Episode: "First Date" 2016 Hawaii Five-0 Isabel Ortega Episode: "Ka Haunaele" 2016 Real Husbands of Hollywood (/wiki/Real_Husbands_of_Hollywood) Maria Episode: "The Suitor" 2018, 2019 Young Sheldon (/wiki/Young_Sheldon) Selena 2 episodes 2019 Too Old to Die Young (/wiki/Too_Old_to_Die_Young) Lolita Episode: "Volume 9: The Empress" 2021 9-1-1 Nora Perez Episode: "Suspisious" 2022–present The Young and the Restless (/wiki/The_Young_and_the_Restless) Audra Charles (/wiki/Audra_Charles) Contract Role References [ edit ] ^ a b "Zuleyka Silver finalista de Nuestra Belleza Latina 2013" (http://bellezaymoda.univision.com/nuestra-belleza-latina/participantes/article/2013-03-31/zuleika-silver-finalista-nuestra-belleza-latina-2013) . Univision Communications . Retrieved 14 June 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) GIRL HOUSE (http://www.fangoria.com/new/girl-house-movie-review/) ^ (#cite_ref-3) Lewis, Errol (2022-08-16). "Zuleyka Silver to Play High-Powered Executive on 'The Young and the Restless' (https://www.soapoperanetwork.com/2022/08/zuleyka-silver-high-powered-executive-audra-charles-the-young-and-the-restless) " (https://www.soapoperanetwork.com/2022/08/zuleyka-silver-high-powered-executive-audra-charles-the-young-and-the-restless) . Soap Opera Network (/wiki/Soap_Opera_Network) . soapoperanetwork.com . Retrieved August 16, 2022 . External links [ edit ] Zuleyka Silver (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3561761/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐rllqd Cached time: 20240712140308 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.291 seconds Real time usage: 0.401 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1810/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 9026/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1537/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 10689/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.173/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5172118/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 371.775 1 -total 38.77% 144.148 1 Template:Infobox_person 26.79% 99.597 1 Template:Reflist 22.80% 84.764 2 Template:Cite_web 19.19% 71.330 1 Template:Short_description 10.81% 40.200 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 10.21% 37.976 2 Template:Pagetype 10.17% 37.794 18 Template:Main_other 10.04% 37.320 1 Template:IMDb_name 8.39% 31.198 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:28265170-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712140308 and revision id 1220783554. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zuleyka_Silver&oldid=1220783554 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zuleyka_Silver&oldid=1220783554) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1991 births (/wiki/Category:1991_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Mexican film actresses (/wiki/Category:Mexican_film_actresses) Mexican television actresses (/wiki/Category:Mexican_television_actresses) American film actresses (/wiki/Category:American_film_actresses) American television actresses (/wiki/Category:American_television_actresses) Naturalized citizens of the United States (/wiki/Category:Naturalized_citizens_of_the_United_States) Mexican female models (/wiki/Category:Mexican_female_models) American female models (/wiki/Category:American_female_models) Actresses from Baja California (/wiki/Category:Actresses_from_Baja_California) Mexican emigrants to the United States (/wiki/Category:Mexican_emigrants_to_the_United_States) People from Tijuana (/wiki/Category:People_from_Tijuana) 21st-century Mexican women (/wiki/Category:21st-century_Mexican_women) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards)
The front of a Miche bag Miche (pronounced MEE-chee ) is the name of a fashion (/wiki/Fashion) handbag (/wiki/Handbag) with interchangeable designs and handles. The company specializes in hand and shoulder bags based on a system of magnetic interchangeable bag covers (or Shells) and accompanying accessories. History [ edit ] The company was founded in 2005 by Michelle Romero and Annette Cavaness. [1] (#cite_note-1) In 2004, Romero thought of an idea to change the outside of a handbag, without physically changing the bag itself. She created a prototype (/wiki/Prototype) by taking apart her own bag and revamping it using super glue (/wiki/Super_glue) and scrap fabric. [2] (#cite_note-2) The name of the company came from Michelle's nickname, Miche (pronounced MEE-chee ), which her mother-in-law (/wiki/Mother-in-law) calls her. [3] (#cite_note-3) The company was previously a subsidiary of Party Plan, based in South Jordan, Utah (/wiki/South_Jordan,_Utah) , United States (/wiki/United_States) . In March 2016, the US distributors of Miche bags closed the company down and organized a liquidation sale. [4] (#cite_note-4) Production and distribution continued through their former international partners including Miche Canada and Miche Europe. In April 2021, the patents and trademarks were purchased by four previous Miche representatives. Headquarters were relocated in Elizabeth, Colorado, and wholesale distribution relaunched in the USA. Styles and designs [ edit ] Miche Base Bags were available in four sizes and various colors. Base Bags featured different internal pocket layouts and removable handles. Shells could be purchased separately or with a Base Bag, and attached to the Base Bag using magnets (/wiki/Magnets) . The exteriors of the Classic and Petite Base Bags incorporated a silk (/wiki/Silk) and polyester (/wiki/Polyester) blend in their hard-sided construction, while the Demi and Prima sizes were made of softer materials. Shell materials varied depending on the style, but were generally made from faux leather (/wiki/Faux_leather) , canvas (/wiki/Canvas) or cotton (/wiki/Cotton) . The Miche line also included other specialty bags that were not interchangeable as well as coin purses and wallets. New Shells and accessories were released monthly. On January 8, 2010, Miche introduced its Hope Initiative: A portion of the proceeds from the sale of each specially-designed Hope Shell and related accessories went directly to various charitable organizations. [5] (#cite_note-5) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Miche Canada" (http://www.michebag.ca/) . www.michebag.ca . Retrieved 2021-03-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Miche Bag Company website - How Miche Bag Came to Be (http://www.michebag.com/our-story) ^ (#cite_ref-3) How Do You Pronounce That Name Again? (http://www.michebag.com/our-story) ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Miche Bag Closing Down" (https://www.businessforhome.org/2016/03/miche-bag-closing-down/) . Direct Selling Facts, Figures and News . 2016-03-30 . Retrieved 2024-06-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Miche Bag unveils cancer-awareness bag (http://www.ksl.com/?nid=148&sid=9279286) External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Miche Bag Company (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Miche_Bag_Company) . 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Japanese skin care brand This article relies excessively on references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) to primary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources) . Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources) . Find sources: "Hada Labo" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Hada+Labo%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Hada+Labo%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Hada+Labo%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Hada+Labo%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Hada+Labo%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Hada+Labo%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( August 2020 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Hada Labo Native name 肌ラボ Romanized (/wiki/Romanization) name Hada Rabo Founded 2004 2015 (Hada Labo Tokyo) Headquarters Tokyo (/wiki/Tokyo) , Japan (/wiki/Japan) Area served Asia United States (Hada Labo Tokyo) Products Skin care Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) Rohto Pharmaceutical (/wiki/Rohto_Pharmaceutical) Website jp (https://jp.rohto.com/hadalabo) .rohto (https://jp.rohto.com/hadalabo) .com (https://jp.rohto.com/hadalabo) /hadalabo (https://jp.rohto.com/hadalabo) hadalabotokyo (https://hadalabotokyo.com) .com (https://hadalabotokyo.com) (Hada Labo Tokyo) Hada Labo ( 肌ラボ , Hada Rabo , "Skin Lab") is a Japanese (/wiki/Japan) skin care (/wiki/Skin_care) brand developed by Rohto Pharmaceutical (/wiki/Rohto_Pharmaceutical) . The brand is most known for their hyaluronic acid (/wiki/Hyaluronic_acid) products, and for offering eco-friendly refill pouches. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-eco-2) Their flagship offering, the Super Hyaluronic Acid Moisturizing Lotion, was the number one lotion in Japan for seven consecutive years. [3] (#cite_note-hadamalaysia-3) Distinct from Hado Labo proper, Hada Labo Tokyo is manufactured by Mentholatum (/wiki/Mentholatum) (a subsidiary of Rohto) for the American market, differing in branding, products and formulation. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) Hada Labo products being sold in a Japanese retailer, including their refill pouches. History [ edit ] Hada Labo was launched in 2004, and sought to emphasize a more "simplistic" skin care approach by removing "unnecessary additives, colorant, fragrance and mineral oil". [3] (#cite_note-hadamalaysia-3) In 2005, the brand changed their packaging from glass to plastic bottles, and began offering their products in refill pouch variations. [2] (#cite_note-eco-2) In 2015, Hada Labo Tokyo became the first Japanese cosmetics brand to launch at U.S. (/wiki/United_States) mass retailers. Six products from the brands lineup are to be distributed across the Northeastern (/wiki/Northeastern_United_States) and Florida (/wiki/Florida) markets in 235 Harmon locations. [7] (#cite_note-7) In November 2019, Hada Labo revised all the packaging from their Gokujyun and Shirojyun lines to be made from plant-derived materials (/wiki/Biomass) . [2] (#cite_note-eco-2) Products [ edit ] Hada Labo is composed of three main lines: [8] (#cite_note-8) Gokujyun ( 極潤 ) , focused on "intense" hydration Shirojyun ( 白潤 ) , with added brightening properties Gokujyun Alpha ( 極潤α ) , with added anti-aging benefits Their lotion products are a popular variant, which is a type of toner-adjacent skin conditioner unique to Japanese beauty. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Metzger, Chloe (November 16, 2017). "This Japanese Lotion Has a Cult Following on the Internet for Literally Transforming Your Skin" (https://www.marieclaire.com/beauty/a13733733/hada-labo-hyaluronic-lotion-reviews/) . Marie Claire . Retrieved December 1, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "これまでも地球環境を考えてきた「肌ラボ」 植物由来の原料を一部に用いたバイオマス容器・パウチに" (https://prtimes.jp/main/html/rd/p/000000026.000044879.html) . PR Times (in Japanese). November 22, 2019 . Retrieved December 1, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "About Us" (https://web.archive.org/web/20200617052530/http://hadalabo.com.my/about-us) . Hada Labo Malaysia . Archived from the original (http://hadalabo.com.my/about-us/) on June 17, 2020 . Retrieved December 1, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Hada Labo Tokyo™" (https://web.archive.org/web/20210503214155/https://www.hadalabotokyo.com/hada-labo-tokyo/) . Hada Labo Tokyo . Archived from the original (http://www.hadalabotokyo.com/hada-labo-tokyo/) on May 3, 2021 . Retrieved December 1, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Alexander, Antoinette (February 18, 2015). "Hada Labo Tokyo skin care to expand U.S. distribution" (https://drugstorenews.com/beauty/hada-labo-tokyo-skin-care-expand-us-distribution) . Drug Store News . Retrieved December 1, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Krause, Rachel (February 5, 2018). "This Skin-Care Product is Huge in Japan — & On Reddit" (https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/hada-labo-goku-jyun-lotion) . Refinery29 . Retrieved December 1, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Japan's Best Selling Skincare Brand Expands Tri-State Area Distribution Of Hada Labo Tokyo" (https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/japans-best-selling-skincare-brand-expands-tri-state-area-distribution-of-hada-labo-tokyo-300037169.html) . Prnewswire (Press release) . Retrieved December 30, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "HADA LABO Skin Care Products" (http://hadalabousa.com/home/) . Hada Labo USA . Retrieved December 1, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Ritschel, Chelsea (January 25, 2018). "People say this obscure Japanese cream is completely transforming their faces" (http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/hada-labo-face-lotion-skin-care-product-japanese-cult-a8178116.html) . The Independent . Retrieved December 1, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Uyehara, Mari (November 1, 2017). "Why You Should Consider a Japanese Beauty Routine" (https://www.vox.com/2017/11/1/16572068/j-beauty-japanese-skincare-makeup-product-guide) . Vox . Retrieved December 1, 2019 . 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This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/List_of_clothing_and_footwear_shops_in_the_United_Kingdom) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "List of clothing and footwear shops in the United Kingdom" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22List+of+clothing+and+footwear+shops+in+the+United+Kingdom%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22List+of+clothing+and+footwear+shops+in+the+United+Kingdom%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22List+of+clothing+and+footwear+shops+in+the+United+Kingdom%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22List+of+clothing+and+footwear+shops+in+the+United+Kingdom%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22List+of+clothing+and+footwear+shops+in+the+United+Kingdom%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22List+of+clothing+and+footwear+shops+in+the+United+Kingdom%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( June 2020 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This is a list of the current and defunct physical clothing and footwear shops in the United Kingdom . This includes shoes, clothing and sportswear, but not online retailers. This list is incomplete (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists) ; you can help by adding missing items (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_clothing_and_footwear_shops_in_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit) . ( April 2016 ) Current [ edit ] A–D [ edit ] Clothing shops in UK Image Established in UK Owned by Number of shops Type of shop Notes 7 for All Mankind (/wiki/7_for_All_Mankind) 2000 VF Corporation 5 American jeans company stuo Founded in Los Angeles by Michael Glasser, Peter Koral, and Jerome Dahan, the business was purchased by VF Corp. in 2007. The first UK shop opened in London in 2010. [1] (#cite_note-1) Acne Studios (/wiki/Acne_Studios) 1997 Private company 2 Swedish designer brand Founded by the Acne creative collective in Stockholm, the first UK shop opened in 2013. Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) 1949 Public company 18 German sports manufacturer Founded by Adolf Dassler after he and his brother parted ways after WW2. Operates 18 shops including Adidas Originals, Outlets, Y3 and Stella, as well as six joint Adidas and Reebok outlets. Agent Provocateur (/wiki/Agent_Provocateur_(lingerie)) 1994 3i 13 Ladies' underwear Founded in Soho by Joseph Corre (son of Vivienne Westwood) and his ex-wife Serena Rees. Purchased by 3i in 2007 for £60m. Akris (/wiki/Akris) 1922 Private 1 Swiss designer brand for women Founded by Alice Kriemler-Schoch in St. Gallen, Switzerland. Operates in London in Old Bond Street. Aldo Group (/wiki/Aldo_Group) 1972 Private company Footwear retailer Founded in Montreal, Canada by Aldo Bensadoun as a footwear concession, the business expanded internationally and opened its first UK shop in 2002. Charlie Allen (/wiki/Charlie_Allen_(designer)) 1984 Privately owned company 1 Men's tailors Charlie Allen founded his tailoring shop in 1984. AllSaints (/wiki/AllSaints) 1994 Lion Capital LLP Men's and ladies' wear Founded by Stuart Trevor and Kait Bolongaro from The Saint wholesale menswear business. The first shop opened in 1997. American Apparel (/wiki/American_Apparel) 1989 Public company 19 American manufacturer and retailer Founded by Dov Charney, the American manufacturer moved into retail in 2003 opening its first UK shop in Carnaby Street, London in 2006. [2] (#cite_note-2) American Eagle Outfitters (/wiki/American_Eagle_Outfitters) 1977 Public company 3 American clothing shop Founded by the Silverman family in 1977, the business opened its first UK shop in November 2014. & Other Stories (/wiki/H%26M) 2013 H & M 7 Swedish clothing brand Upmarket clothing brand created by H & M, with the first UK shop opening in Regent Street, London in 2013. [3] (#cite_note-3) Anderson & Sheppard (/wiki/Savile_Row_tailoring) 1906 Rowland family 2 Men's tailors In 1906, Peter Gustav, also known as Per Anderson, founded Anderson & Sheppard at No. 30, Savile Row. Moved from Savile Row in 2004. Richard Anderson (/wiki/Savile_Row_tailoring) 2001 Private company 1 Men's bespoke tailors Founded by Richard Anderson & Brian Lishak, the business was the first bespoke tailoring house to open on Savile Row in 50 years. [4] (#cite_note-4) Ann Summers (/wiki/Ann_Summers) 1970 Gold Family 144 Ladies' underwear Founded in Marble Arch, London by Annice Summers as a sex shop. Purchased by Ralph & David Gold in 1971 and turned into a high street brand selling underwear. Anthropologie (/wiki/Anthropologie) 1992 Urban Outfitters 10 Womenswear Founded in 1992 with its first shop opening in Wayne, Pennsylvania, US. The multigoods retailer opened its first shop in the UK in Regent Street in 2009. Aquascutum (/wiki/Aquascutum) 1851 YGM Trading 3 Men's clothing Founded in Regent Street, London by John Emary. Ark (/wiki/Ark_Clothing) 1992 JD Sports 5 Fashion retailer Founded as a ticket shop to ARK club nights in The Corn Exchange in Leeds, before moving into clothing. JD Sports purchased the business after it went into administration in 2013. [5] (#cite_note-5) Armani (/wiki/Armani) 1975 Private company Italian fashion house Italian fashion house founded by Giorgio Armani, the business operates shops and concessions under several names – Emporio Armani / Armani Jeans / Gorgio Armani in the UK. Asda (/wiki/Asda) 1949 Wal-Mart (/wiki/Wal-Mart) through subsidiary Corinth Services Ltd 577 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded as "ASDA Queens" from the merger of Associated Dairies and the Asquith family owned Queens Supermarket. George (named after designer George Davies (/wiki/George_Davies_(retailer)) ) clothing was launched in 1989 replacing the Asdale and Asda ranges. Mintel estimate that George is the fourth largest retailer of clothing in the United Kingdom, after Marks & Spencer, the Arcadia Group and Next. [6] (#cite_note-6) Laura Ashley (/wiki/Laura_Ashley_plc) 1953 MUI Group of Malaysia Ladies' clothing Founded by Laura & Bernard Ashley as Ashley Mountney in 1953 as manufacturer of headscarves, napkins, table mats and tea-towels. The first Laura Ashley shop opened in 1968. Azagury (/wiki/Jacques_Azagury) 1987 Private company 1 British ladies' designer brand Founded by Jacques Azagury, one of the creators of the New Romantic look. [7] (#cite_note-7) Ted Baker (/wiki/Ted_Baker) 1988 Private company 42 Men's and ladies' fashion brand Founded by Ray Kelvin in Glasgow as a menswear brand and retailer, and opened further shops in Manchester, Plymouth, and Nottingham. The Covent Garden shop opened in 1990 and in 1995 they started a Women's range. They now operate 42 standalone shops and various concessions across the UK. Bally Shoe (/wiki/Bally_Shoe) 1851 JAB Holdings 5 Shoe retailer Carl Franz Bally founded his shoe making business in Switzerland in 1851. Banana Republic (/wiki/Banana_Republic) 1978 Gap Inc. 8 American fashion retailer Founded by Mel and Patricia Ziegler as a retailer with a safari theme, the business was purchased by GAP, who repositioned the retailer to a more upmarket position. The first UK shop opened in Regent Street, London in March 2008. Jeff Banks (/wiki/Jeff_Banks) 1969 Private company 16 British fashion designer brand Jeff Banks started his own designer brand in 1969, opening his first shop in 1975. Barbour (/wiki/Barbour_(company)) 1894 Private company 30 Manufacturer and retailer of outdoor clothing Founded by John Barbour as an importer of oil cloth, the business operates its own retail shops as well as supplies wholesale. Basler (/wiki/Basler_(fashion)) 1936 Private company 6 German womenswear brand Founded as Fritz Basler GmBH & Co. in Kreuzberg, Germany as a manufacturer of coats. In 1997 it opened its first boutique in Hamburg, Germany, and opened its first UK shop in London in 2007. [8] (#cite_note-8) Beales (/wiki/Beales_(department_store)) 1881 Public limited company 29 Department store Founded by John Elmes Beale in Bournemouth. The business expanded rapidly during the 2000s, purchasing former Bentalls and Co-operative department stores. Bellville Sassoon (/wiki/Bellville_Sassoon) 1953 David Sassoon 1 Ladies' clothing Founded by Belinda Bellville in Knightsbridge, London. David Sassoon joined in 1958 and the name was changed in 1970 from "Bellville". Belstaff (/wiki/Belstaff) 1924 Labelux Group 1 British designer brand Founded by Eli Belovitch and his son-in-law Harry Grosberg in Staffordshire as a manufacturer of all-weather jackets for motorcyclists. In 2011 the business was purchased by Italian business Labelux, and in 2012 opened a shop in New Bond Street, London. L.K.Bennett (/wiki/L.K.Bennett) 1990 Private company 99 Ladies' clothing and footwear Linda Kristin Bennett is an English-Icelandic clothing designer who set up the first L. K. Bennett shop in Wimbledon Village in 1990. Bennett sold a 70 per cent stake in the business in 2007 to Phoenix Equity Partners and Sirius Equity, a retail and branded luxury goods investment company. Berghaus (/wiki/Berghaus) 1966 Pentland Group 7 Outdoor clothing brand and retailer Founded by Peter Lockey and Gordon Davison as LD Mountain Centre in Newcastle upon Tyne. In 1972 they launched their own brand of clothing called Berghaus to sell in their shop. In 1993 Pentland Group purchased the business. Berluti (/wiki/Berluti) 1895 LVMH 2 Luxury menswear manufacturer and retailer Founded by Alessandro Berluti in Paris, the business was purchased by LVMH in 1993. Bershka (/wiki/Bershka) 1998 Inditex Group 5 Fashion retailer Fashion retailer founded by the owners of Zara, the business opened its first UK shop in the Metro Centre in 2004. [9] (#cite_note-9) Blacks Outdoor Retail (/wiki/Blacks_Outdoor_Retail) 1861 JD Sports Fashion plc Outdoor clothing and footwear Formerly Blacks of Greenock, originally a sail maker, then tent maker, the company became Blacks Camping during the 1980s before becoming Blacks Leisure in 1994. It purchased rival Millets in 1999. It went into a CVA in 2009, before going into administration in 2011 and being purchased by JD Sports Fashion plc. Blue Inc (/wiki/Blue_Inc) 1912 Marlow Retail Limited 200 Men's and ladies' clothing Founded as A. Levy & Sons in 1912. Traded under various names including Mr Byrite. Blue Inc name introduced in 2002. Purchased by Marlow Retail Ltd in 2006. Ozwald Boateng (/wiki/Ozwald_Boateng) 1995 Private limited company 1 Men's tailors Ozwald Boateng opened his first boutique in Virgo Street, London in 1995. He moved to his current location No. 30 Savile Row in 2008. Boden (/wiki/Boden_(clothing)) 1991 Private company 1 Men's, ladies' and children's clothing Founded by Johnnie Boden in 1991, the business started out offering menswear products. It has since moved into women's and childrenswear selling primarily online in several countries. The business has one physical shop in Park Royal, London and plans to open further UK shops. Bolongaro Trevor (/wiki/Bolongaro_Trevor) 2006 Private company 9 Men's and women's fashion brand Founded by Kait Bolongaro and Stuart Trevor after they had sold their shares in AllSaints. Bonmarché (/wiki/Bonmarch%C3%A9) 1982 Sun European Partners 240 Ladies' clothing Formed by Parkash Singh Chima after the merging of two clothing business – Wiltex and Hartley, with the first Bonmarché opening in 1985. Acquired by Peacocks in 2002. Sold in January 2012 to Sun European Partners. Hugo Boss (/wiki/Hugo_Boss) 1924 Public limited company Men's and ladies' fashion Founded by Hugo Boss as a clothing manufacturer in Stuttgart. The first UK shop opened in 1996 after Moss Brothers purchased the franchise. In April 2011 Moss Brother sold the franchise and its shop back to Hugo Boss. Bottega Veneta (/wiki/Bottega_Veneta) 1966 Kering (/wiki/Kering) 1 Italian designer brand Italian designer brand that opened its first UK shop in Sloane Street, London in 2002. [10] (#cite_note-10) Boux Avenue (/wiki/Boux_Avenue) 2011 Theo Paphitis 9 Lingerie retailer Founded by Theo Paphitis, the name is inspired by a French waitress who served Paphitis when holidaying with his family in France. The retailer opened its first shop in Spring 2011. Brandy Melville (/wiki/Brandy_Melville) Private company 2 American designer brand American designer brand worn by celebrities Miley Cyrus, Ashley Benson, Karlie Kloss, Taylor Swift, Vanessa Hudgens, and several famous YouTubers. [11] (#cite_note-11) Bravissimo (/wiki/Bravissimo_(company)) 1995 Private limited company 21 Ladies' underwear Formed by Sarah Tremellen and Hannah Griffiths as a mail order business in 1995. In 1999 they opened their first shop in Ealing. Ellis Brigham (/wiki/Ellis_Brigham) c. 1930s Private company 34 Outdoor clothing and footwear Founded by Frederick Ellis Brigham started out by making walking boots and cycling shoes, opening his first shop in Harpurhey. The business continues to be owned by the Brigham family. Brooks Brothers (/wiki/Brooks_Brothers) 1818 Retail brand alliance 4 Menswear Founded as H. & D. H. Brooks & Co. in Manhattan, US, was rebranded Brooks Brothers after founder Henry's sons took charge of the business. From 1988 to 2001 the business was owned by Marks and Spencers. In 2006 the business opened its first UK shop in Old Broad Street, London. [12] (#cite_note-12) Browns of York (/wiki/Browns_of_York) Private company 4 Department store Founded over 100 years ago, the Helmsley shop featured in ITV series Heartbeat. Burberry (/wiki/Burberry) 1856 Public company 12 Men's, ladies' and children's clothing brand Luxury fashion brand started by Thomas Burberry in Basingstoke, Hampshire in 1856. The business opened its first London shop in 1891, and changed its name to Burberrys due to the colloquial use of the Burberrys of London name. The business stayed in family hands until Great Universal Shops bought the business in 1955. In 1998 the business changed its name back to Burberry, and in 2002 the business was floated on the London Stock market, with Great Universal Shops selling their final share in 2005. Burtons (/wiki/Burton_(retailer)) 1904 Arcadia Group (/wiki/Arcadia_Group) 400 Men's clothing and footwear Founded by Montague Burton as The Cross-tailoring Company. Was once a member of FTSE 100, but now a brand name of the Arcadia Group. Cad and the Dandy (/wiki/Cad_and_the_Dandy) 2008 James Sleater, Ian Meiers 2 Men's tailors Founded in 2008 as a tailoring brand, the business opened its first shop in 2009. Calzedonia (/wiki/Calzedonia) The Calzedonia Group Lingerie retailer Italian lingerie retailer that opened its first UK shop in 2011. [13] (#cite_note-13) Camper (/wiki/Camper_(company)) 1975 Private Spanish footwear manufacturer and retailer Founded by Lorenzo Fluxà Rosselló in Spain from a Spanish shoe manufacturer, opening its first shop in Barcelona in 1981. Vince Camuto (/wiki/Vince_Camuto) Kurt Geiger 1 American designer shoes Founded by the former Nine West designer, the sister brand of Kurt Gieger opened its first UK shop in 2013. [14] (#cite_note-14) Canali (/wiki/Canali) 1934 Private company 1 Men's clothing Founded as a men's clothing business in Italy by Giacomo Canali and Giovanni Canali. In 1996 Moss Brothers purchased the franchise rights for opening Canali shops in the UK, and opened its flagship shop on New Bond Street in 2000. In 2010 Moss Brothers relinquished the Canali franchise and re-branded the shops under other brands they operated. Carven (/wiki/Carven) 1945 Private company 1 French designer ladieswear Founded by Carven Mallet in Paris as a Haute Couture house. [15] (#cite_note-15) Opened its first UK shop, in a licence agreement with Club 21, in 2013. [16] (#cite_note-16) Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) 1909 Private French designer brand Founded by Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel, also known as Coco. Opened boutiques during the 1980s. Cheap Monday (/wiki/Cheap_Monday) 2000 H & M 1 Swedish jeans Started by Örjan Andersson and Adam Friberg as a secondhand jeans shop in Stockholm, before starting selling their own clothing in 2004. In 2008 H & M bought the parent company Fabric Scandinavien AB, and the first UK shop opened in Carnaby Street, London in 2012. [17] (#cite_note-17) Chester Barrie (/wiki/Chester_Barrie) 1935 Prominent Europe 1 Men's tailors Founded in 1935 by Simon Ackerman. At one time owned by Austin Reed. Chittleborough & Morgan (/wiki/Savile_Row_tailoring) 1981 1 Men's tailors Founded in 1981 as a bespoke tailor with no off the peg suits. Jimmy Choo (/wiki/Jimmy_Choo_Ltd) 1996 JAB Holding 5 Designer ladies' footwear Founded by Jimmy Choo, a bespoke footwear designer in the East End of London along with Vogue accessories editor Tamara Mellon. Owned by JAB Holding since 2011. First shop opened in Motcomb Street (/wiki/Motcomb_Street) in 1996. Also operate concessions within department stores. Church's (/wiki/Church%27s) 1873 2 Footwear Founded by Thomas Church and his three sons. Owned by Prada in the late 1990s, the business was expanded internationally. Supplied shoes used during Pierce Bronsan's tenure as James Bond. Clarks (/wiki/C._%26_J._Clark) 1825 Private limited company Footwear Founded by Cyrus & James Clark in Street, Somerset. 84 per cent of the business is still owned by the Clark family. It started retailing its own products in 1937 using initially the Peter Lord name. Cloggs.co.uk (/wiki/Cloggs.co.uk) 1979 JD Sports Fashion plc 3 Footwear Founded in 1979 by Russell Thomas in Oasis Market, Birmingham. Went into administration in 2012 but was purchased by JD Sports Fashion plc in early 2013. Coach, Inc. (/wiki/Coach,_Inc.) 1941 Public company 5 Men's and women's fashionwear Founded as a leatherworking workshop on 34th Street, Manhattan, NY, US. The business opened its first UK shop in Sloane Square in the 1990s, as well as a shop in a shop inside Harrods. However this was not successful due to the weakness of the pound and the business pulled out of the UK. [18] (#cite_note-18) In 2010 Coach Inc signed a joint venture deal with Hackett to distribute their goods in UK, Spain, Portugal and Ireland as well as open standalone shops and concessions. In 2011 the first standalone shop was opened in New Bond Street, London. [19] (#cite_note-19) COS (/wiki/H%26M) 2007 H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB 14 Fashion brand Collection of Style was first shown at a Royal Academy catwalk show in 2007, with the first shop opening in Regent Street, London in March of the same year. [20] (#cite_note-20) The business is positioned upmarket of parent H & M Cotswold Outdoor (/wiki/Cotswold_Outdoor) 1974 70 Outdoor clothing and footwear Founded in a garage next to the Cotswold Water Park selling basic camping equipment. Has operated as Cotswold Camping, Cotswold The Outdoor People and Cotswold Essential Outdoors Corneliani (/wiki/Corneliani) 1958 Corneliani family 1 Italian menswear manufacturer and retailer Founded as a coat manufacturer in Italy, the business opened its first UK shop on the site of Beale & Inman at 131–132 New Bond Street in 2008. Cotton Traders (/wiki/Cotton_Traders) 1987 Fran Cotton & Steve Smith 125 Men's and women's clothing Founded by former England Rugby players Fran Cotton and Steve Smith as a mail order rugby shirt retailer based in Altrincham. In 1997 Next purchased 33 per cent share of the business, but this was bought back by the founders in 2014. Craghoppers (/wiki/Craghoppers) 1965 Regatta 4 British outdoor clothing manufacturer and supplier Founded in West Yorkshire, the business was purchased by the Regatta group in 1995. The business operates four outlet shops. Crockett & Jones (/wiki/Crockett_%26_Jones) 1879 Private company 7 British luxury shoes Founded by Charles Jones and Sir James Crockett in Northampton, England. Daniel Craig's James Bond in Skyfall wore a pair of Crockett & Jones shoes. Crombie (/wiki/Crombie_(clothing)) 1805 Private company 3 Men's and women's fashion brand Founded as J&J Crombie Ltd by John Crombie and his son James in Aberdeen (/wiki/Aberdeen) , Scotland as a manufacturer. The business started making coats under their own label, and eventually retailing at three UK locations and 40+ stockists worldwide. DAKS (/wiki/DAKS) 1894 Sankyo Seiko Co. Limited 2 Men's and ladies' fashion brand Founded as S. Simpson by Simeon Simpson was a manufacturer of bespoke tailoring based in London. In 1935 Simeon's son Alexander invented the first supporting trouser, and branded it DAKS. In 1936 Alexander opened the first Simpsons shop—Simpsons of Piccadilly—to sell the company's clothing. In 1991 the business was sold to Sankyo Seiko Co. Limited, who at the turn of the century moved the shop from Piccadilly (/wiki/Piccadilly) to Old Bond Street (/wiki/Old_Bond_Street) and renamed the business DAKS. W. J. Daniel & Co. (/wiki/Daniel_(department_store)) 1901 Private company 3 Department store Founded by Walter James Daniel in Oxford and is a royal warrant holder. Davies and Son (/wiki/Savile_Row_tailoring) 1803 Alan Bennett 1 Men's tailoring Founded in Hanover Street in 1803, it moved to its current location in Savile Row (/wiki/Savile_Row) in 1986. Owns several other tailoring companies—Bostridge and Curties and Watson, Fargerstrom and Hughes, Johns and Pegg, James and James, Wells of Mayfair and Fallan & Harvey. Debenhams (/wiki/Debenhams) 1778 Public limited company 178 Department store Founded by William Clark in 1778 at Wigmore Street, London. Since 1993 the business has the 'Designers at Debenhams' brand, which sees designer clothing at High Street prices, with designers including Jasper Conran, John Rocha, Betty Jackson Black, Butterfly by Matthew Williamson, H! by Henry Holland, Star by Julien Macdonald, Frost French, Erickson Beamon, Eric Van Peterson, Janet Reger, Pip Hackett, Melissa Odabash, Ted Baker, St George by Duffer, Jeff Banks, and Ben de Lisi. Decathlon (/wiki/Decathlon_(retailer)) 1976 17 Sports clothing and footwear Founded in Lille, France. Came to the UK in 1999. Dege & Skinner (/wiki/Savile_Row_tailoring) 1865 Skinner family 1 Men's tailors Founded as J. Dege & Sons, William Skinner Jnr. joined the firm in 1916. Name changed to Dege & Skinner after the Skinner family took control. Desigual (/wiki/Desigual) 1984 Private company 2 [21] (#cite_note-21) Spanish fashion brand Founded by Swiss Thomas Meyer in Ibiza, Spain as a fashion brand, the first shop opened in Spain in 1986. The business opened its first UK shop in 2010. Diesel (/wiki/Diesel_(brand)) 1978 OTB Group 17 Italian designer brand Italian designer brand that opened its first UK retail shop in 1996. Diesel Black Gold (/wiki/Diesel_(brand)) 2008 OTB Group 1 Italian designer brand Designer brand launched in 2008 by Diesel, with its first shop opening in Conduit Street, London in 2014. [22] (#cite_note-22) Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior_SE) 1946 Groupe Arnault SAS 5 French designer brand Founded as a fashion house in Paris, the business has five standalone shops and several concessions spread across London. Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) 1985 Private company 5 Italian designer brand Italian designer brand that operates five shops and a concession in London. Dorothy Perkins (/wiki/Dorothy_Perkins) 1909 Arcadia Group (/wiki/Arcadia_Group) 600 [23] (#cite_note-23) Ladies' clothing and footwear Founded in 1909 as H. P. Newman, the shop changed its name to Dorothy Perkins in 1919. Purchased from the Farmer family in 1979 by Burtons. Dr. Martens (/wiki/Dr._Martens) 1947 Permira 23 Footwear brand Founded as a shoe design by Dr. Karl Märtens in Munich, the design was licensed to British shoe manufacturer R. Griggs Group Ltd who anglicised the name, changed the heel and added trademark yellow stitching. In 1994 the business opened its first shop in Covent Garden. In 2013 the business was purchased by Permira. Drake's (/wiki/Drake%27s_(haberdashers)) 1977 Michael Hill & Mark Cho 2 Men's shirt and tie manufacturer Founded by Michael Drake as a scarf manufacturer. They went on to make ties, pocket squares and shirts. They opened their flagship shop in Clifford Street in 2011. DSquared2 (/wiki/Dean_and_Dan_Caten) 1994 Private company 1 Designer brand Founded by Dean and Dan Caten with funding from employers Diesel. The UK shop opened in March 2015. Duchamp (/wiki/Duchamp_(clothing)) 1989 Private company 2 Men's clothing Founded by Mitchell Jacobs in Suffolk as a cufflink brand. Opened first boutique in Notting Hill, London in 1998. In 2006 Mitchell Jacobs sold the business. Ducker & Son (/wiki/Ducker_%26_Son) 1898 Private limited company 1 Footwear Founded by Edward Ducker in Oxford, where they are still based. Appeared in the film Atonement and has many well-known customers. Dunnes Stores (/wiki/Dunnes_Stores) 1944 Dunne family 19 Men's, ladies' and children's clothing and footwear Founded by Ben Dunne in Cork, Ireland as a drapery. Became a full line department store opening its first UK store in the 1970s. DW Sports Fitness (/wiki/DW_Sports_Fitness) 2009 Whelan family 60 Sports clothing Founded by Dave Whelan in March 2009 after purchasing 50 JJB Sports Fitness clubs and their attached sports shop. E–H [ edit ] Clothing shops in UK Image Established in UK Owned by Number of shops Type of shop Notes ECCO (/wiki/ECCO) 1963 Privately owned company 46 Footwear retailer Danish footwear manufacturer and retailer started in Bredebro by Karl Toosbuy. The first ECCO shops in the UK were franchises run by former Clarks executive Michael Fiennes, who grew the number of shops to 17 by 1999, before ECCO took over the running of the brand's shops. [24] (#cite_note-auto19-24) Ede & Ravenscroft (/wiki/Ede_%26_Ravenscroft) 1689 Private limited company 6 Men's tailors The company was founded in 1689 by William and Martha Shudall. The present name dates from 1902 and is a result of the inheriting of the business by Joseph Ede and then merging with wig-maker Ravenscroft. They have three shops in London, and also in Oxford, Cambridge and Edinburgh. The company holds the Royal warrant as "Purveyors to the British Royal Family" as robemakers to the Queen, Prince Philip and Prince Charles. Edinburgh Woollen Mill (/wiki/Edinburgh_Woollen_Mill) 1970 Edinburgh Woollen Mill Ltd 192 Men's and ladies' clothing Created by the Langholm Dyeing and Finishing Company. First shop opened Randolph Place, Edinburgh. Elevate Your Sole (/wiki/Elevate_your_sole) 2013 Private Company 3 Footwear and ladies clothing Founded by Hal Holmes-Pierce in High Street, Prestatyn, 2020. Emmett London (/wiki/Emmett_London) 1992 Private company 4 Men's shirt maker and retailer Founded by Robert Emmett in Kings Road, London in 1992. English Cut (/wiki/Thomas_Mahon_(tailor)) 2001 1 Men's tailor Founded by Thomas Mahon, who had previously started Steed Bespoke Tailors. Known to provide suits for the Prince of Wales. Etro (/wiki/Etro) 1968 Private company 1 Italian designer brand Italian designer brand started by Gimmo Etra. The business opened its first stand alone UK shop in August 2011. [25] (#cite_note-25) Evans (/wiki/Evans_(retailer)) 1930 Arcadia Group (/wiki/Arcadia_Group) 180 [26] (#cite_note-26) Ladies' clothing Founded in 1930 by manufacturer Jack Green. Purchased by Burtons in 1970. Timothy Everest (/wiki/Timothy_Everest) 1989 Timothy Everest 1 Men's tailors Welsh bespoke tailor and designer who started out on his own in 1989, opening his first shop in London in 1993. Nicole Farhi (/wiki/Nicole_Farhi) 1982 Private limited company 2 Men's and ladies' clothing Started as a high end fashion label within French Connection. In 2010 sold by French Connection to Opengate Connection, but in 2013 the business went into administration. The business was saved by Maxine Hargreaves-Adams, the daughter of Matalan founder John Hargreaves. [27] (#cite_note-27) Fat Face (/wiki/Fat_Face) 1988 Bridgepoint Capital (/wiki/Bridgepoint_Capital) 209 Men's, ladies' and children's clothing Founded by Tim Slade and Jules Leaver as a business selling T-shirts at ski resorts, the business opened its first retail shop in 1993. In 2007 the business was acquired by Bridgepoint Capital. Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) 1925 LVMH (/wiki/LVMH) 4 Italian designer brand Founded in Rome by Edoardo and Adele Fendi as a fur and leather shop. Since 2001 the business has been part of LVMH. Fenwicks (/wiki/Fenwicks) . 1882 Fenwick family 11 Department store Founded in Newcastle by John James Fenwick. Now operates 11 department stores including subsidiaries Bentalls and William & Griffin. Field and Trek (/wiki/Sports_Direct) 1973 Sports Direct 6 Outdoor clothing Founded in 1973, the outdoor clothing and camping specialists had expanded to 11 shops when Sports Direct purchased 60 per cent of the business in 2007. [28] (#cite_note-28) Flannels (/wiki/Flannels_(retail)) 1976 Sports Direct/ Neil Prosser 20 Designerwear Set up by Neil Prosser in Knutsford, Cheshire in 1976 as a menswear shop. In 1994 they expanded into womenswear. In 2012 Sports Direct bought a 51% share. Anne Fontaine (/wiki/Anne_Fontaine_(brand)) 1987 Private company 2 French designer brand Founded by Anne Fontaine, with her first boutique opening in Paris in 1994. Famous for white shirts. Foot Locker (/wiki/Foot_Locker) 1974 Foot Locker Retail Inc. Sports footwear retailer Founded by Woolworth company, Kinney Shoe Corporation in 1974. Tom Ford (/wiki/Tom_Ford) 2006 Private company 1 American designer label Founded by Tom Ford, the former creative director of Gucci and YSL. The first standalone UK shop opened in Sloane Street, London in 2012. [29] (#cite_note-29) Forever 21 (/wiki/Forever_21) 1984 Do "Don" Won Chang (Hangul: 장도원) 7 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear American chain opened in 1984 as Fashion 21. First UK shop opened 2010. [30] (#cite_note-30) French Connection (/wiki/French_Connection_(clothing)) 1972 PLC 38 Men's and ladies' clothing Founded by Stephen Marks as a ladies' mid-market brand, the business expanded into menswear in 1976. It now operates over 130 shops across UK & Europe. Gant (/wiki/Gant_(retailer)) 1949 Maus Frères 16 American designer brand Founded as a shirt manufacturer in America, the retail business was started by the former Swedish franchise owner Pyramid Sportswear. The business is now owned by Swiss department store group Maus Frères. Gap (/wiki/Gap_Inc.) 1969 Gap Inc. 148 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded by Donald and Doris Fisher in San Francisco in 1969. First UK shop opened in 1987 [31] (#cite_note-31) Garment Quarter (/wiki/Garment_Quarter) 2010 John Reid, Peter Lake, Christopher Atkinson and Michael Barker 1 Men's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded in Bristol as an independent fashion boutique. Kurt Geiger (/wiki/Kurt_Geiger) 1963 Sycamore Partners Footwear retailer Founded by Kurt Geiger, an Austrian who opened his first shop in Bond Street, London. Geox (/wiki/Geox) 1995 Private company Footwear and clothing manufacturer and retailer Founded in Italy by Mario Polegato. The second largest shoe manufacturer in the world after Clarks. Ghost (/wiki/Ghost_(fashion_brand)) 1984 Touker Suleyman 3 Ladies' fashion brand and boutiques Founded by Tanya Sarne and Katharine Hamnett in London. Started out as a fashion label, it was purchased by Kevin Stanford and investment company Arev and went on to have 32 shops across the UK. [32] (#cite_note-32) The business went into administration in 2008 and was saved by Touker Suleyman. It now operates three shops and several concessions in department stores. Gieves & Hawkes (/wiki/Gieves_%26_Hawkes) 1974 Trinity Ltd 5 Men's tailors Founded as two separate companies – Gieves (1887) and Hawkes (1771). Merged after Gieves & Co purchased Hawkes & Co. Based at No. 1 Savile Row. Goat (/wiki/Goat_Fashion) 2001 Private company 1 Designer lgadieswear Founded by Jane Lewis as a designer knitwear brand, the business opened its first shop at Conduit Street, London. [33] (#cite_note-33) Greenwoods (/wiki/Greenwoods) 1860 Pacific Trend Investment 80 Men's clothing Founded by William Greenwood as a hatters shop. At its peak in the 1990s the business had over 200 shops, but after entering administration in 2009 it now has 80 shops. Grenson (/wiki/Grenson) 1866 Private company 4 British handmade shoes Handmade shoe manufacturer that started by William Green in Rushden (/wiki/Rushden) , UK. Business was renamed Grenson, as a shortening of William Green & Son in 1913. The business opened its first retail shop in Liverpool Street, London in 2008. [34] (#cite_note-34) Gucci (/wiki/Gucci) 1921 Kering (/wiki/Kering) 8 Italian designer brand Founded in Florence, Italy by Guccio Gucci. The business operates eight stand-alone shops in the UK and several concessions in department stores. Guess (/wiki/Guess_(clothing)) 1981 Public company 13 American designer brand Founded by Paul and Maurice Marciano in Beverley Hills, Los Angeles US. Guess re-entered the UK market in 2004 with a shop in Covent Garden. [35] (#cite_note-35) H&M (/wiki/H%26M) 1946 H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB 240 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded in Sweden by Erling Persson, with the first UK shop opening in 1976 – its first outside of Scandinavia. Originally traded as Hennes in UK. Hackett London (/wiki/Hackett_London) 1979 M1 and by LVMH subsidiary – L Capital Asia 13 Men's clothing Founded by Jeremy Hackett and Ashley Lloyd-Jennings from a stall on London's Portobello Road, with the first shop opening in Kings Road, Chelsea. Operates 13 shops in UK plus concessions, which is a total of 77 shops across 16 countries. Harrods (/wiki/Harrods) 1834 Qatar Holdings 1 Department store Upmarket department store in Knightsbridge, London which was founded by Charles Henry Harrod. Harvey Nichols (/wiki/Harvey_Nichols) 1831 Dickson Concepts 7 Department store Founded by Benjamin Harvey as a linen shop within a house on the corner of Sloane Street and Knightsbridge. In 1991 Dickson Concepts purchased the business from the Burton Group, and expanded the business to 14 shops across the world. Hawes & Curtis (/wiki/Hawes_%26_Curtis) 1913 Low Profile Holdings 25 Men's clothing The company was founded by two outfitters, Ralph Hawes and Freddie Curtis, who opened the first shop in Piccadily Arcade at the corner with Jermyn Street, in London in 1913. Hermès (/wiki/Herm%C3%A8s) 1837 Public company 5 French designer brand Started as a harness manufacturer by Thierry Hermès. Operates stand alone shops and concessions within department stores. High and Mighty (/wiki/High_and_Mighty_(clothing)) 1956 J D Williams 17 Large sized clothing Founded as Northern Outsize Menswear by Bernard Levy as a mail order firm. The business opened its first shop on Edgware Road, London in 1959. During the 1970s the business changed its name to High and Mighty. In 2009 the business was purchased out of administration by J D Williams. Tommy Hilfiger (/wiki/Tommy_Hilfiger_(company)) 1985 PVH 8 American fashion brand American designer brand that opened its flagship shop in Brompton Road, London in August 2011. Hobbs London (/wiki/Hobbs_Ltd) 1981 [36] (#cite_note-36) Private 60 Ladies' upmarket brand Founded as a shoe brand, the business has expanded to sell a full range of clothing. Hobbs Sports (/wiki/Hobbs_Sports) Jarrolds 1 Independent sports retailer Independent sports retailer based in Cambridge owned by Jarrolds department store. Hollister (/wiki/Hollister_Co.) 2000 Abercrombie & Fitch 15 Fashion brand Founded by Abercromie & Fitch as a brand aimed at 14- to 18-year-olds, the business opened its first shop in the UK at Brent Cross in October 2008. Hoopers (/wiki/Hoopers_(department_store)) 1982 Private company 4 Department store Department store chain founded in Torquay. Expanded to take in three former department stores across the UK. House of Fraser (/wiki/House_of_Fraser) 1849 Sanpower & Mike Ashley 60 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Department store chain founded in Glasgow by Hugh Fraser. In 1948 it was listed on the London Stock Exchange. In 1985 the business was purchased by the Al-Fayed family, but returned as a public company in 1994. In 2006 it was purchased by the Highland consortium, before being purchased by Sanpower. House of Hackney (/wiki/House_of_Hackney) 2010 Private company 1 Clothing and houseware design house Founded as a print based brand of homewares, the founders Javvy Royle and Frieda Gormley moved into clothing. The British made goods brand opened its flagship shop in Shoreditch High Street in 2013. T J Hughes (/wiki/T_J_Hughes) 1912 Lewis's Home Retail Ltd 16 Department store Founded as a small shop on Liverpool's London Road, in 1925 the business was offered the former Owen Owen shop for part ownership of the business. In 1992 the business was floated, before being purchased by JJB Sports in 2000. In 2002 the business was purchased by PPM Capital, who had sold the business to Silverfleet Capital in 2003. The business expanded to 57 shops however in 2011 the business was sold to Endless LLP (/wiki/Endless_(private_equity)) , a turnaround specialist but they put the business into administration in June 2011. Six of the shops and the trading name were purchased from the administrators by Lewis's Home Retail. William Hunt (/wiki/Savile_Row_tailoring) Private company 1 Men's bespoke tailors Founded by William Hunt, a former professional footballer on the Kings Road, the Savile Row shop opened in 1998. Hunter (/wiki/Hunter_Boot_Ltd) 1856 Private company 1 Footwear manufacturer and retailer Founded as the North British Rubber Company by American Henry Lee Norris, the manufacturer of Green Welly boots branched initially into retail in 2006 with a shop in Carnaby Street. However, in 2015 a new shop was opened in Regent Street, London. [37] (#cite_note-37) Huntsman, Savile Row Tailor (/wiki/Huntsman,_Savile_Row_Tailor) 1849 Pierre Lagrange 1 Men's clothing Founded by Henry Huntsman, from previous business H. Huntsman, a breeches maker. One of the founders of the Savile Row Bespoke Association I–M [ edit ] Clothing shops in UK Image Established in UK Owned by Number of shops Type of shop Notes Donna Ida (/wiki/Donna_Ida) 2006 Donna Ida 2 Ladies' jean boutiques Founded by Donna Ida in Chelsea, London, the business sells ladies' jeans in its London shops. Intimissimi (/wiki/Intimissimi) 1996 The Calzedonia Group 6 Underwear manufacturer and retailer Italian brand founded in Dossobuono di Villafranca di Verona. J.Crew (/wiki/J.Crew) 1947 Private 5 Men's, women's and children's clothing and footwear Founded as Popular Merchandise, Inc, during the 1980s the business expanded into the catalogue market with Popular Club Plan. In 1989 the business became J. Crew and opened its first retail shop. Its first UK shop opened in Regents Street in 2011. Jacamo (/wiki/N_Brown_Group) 2007 N Brown group 0 Men's clothing and footwear Online brand of N Brown Group, which opened its first physical shops in 2011. Dual branded shops with Simply Be. Jack & Jones (/wiki/Bestseller_(company)) 1990 [38] (#cite_note-38) Bestseller 47 Jeanswear Jeanswear firm started by Bestseller in 1990. Jaegar (/wiki/Jaeger_(clothing)) 1884 Better Capital 45 Men's and ladies' clothing Founded by Lewis Tomalin as Dr Jaeger's Sanitary Woollen System Co Ltd in 1884, capitalising on a craze for wool-jersey long johns inspired by the theories of German scientist Dr Gustav Jaeger. The company's flagship shop opened on Regent Street in the 1930s. Richard James (/wiki/Richard_James_(tailor)) 1992 Private company 2 Men's tailors Savile Row tailor shop founded by former British Fashion Council's Menswear and Bespoke Designer of the Year. JD Sports (/wiki/JD_Sports) 1981 PLC – majority shareholder Pentland Group 800 Men's, children's and ladies' sports clothing and footwear Started in Bury by John and David Makin. Became a plc in 1996. In 2005 Pentland Group bought out the Makins. Jigsaw (/wiki/Jigsaw_(clothing_retailer)) 1972 Robinson Webster (Holdings) Ltd 56 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing The company was started in 1972 by John Robinson and Malcolm Webster. JoJo Maman Bébé (/wiki/JoJo_Maman_B%C3%A9b%C3%A9) 1993 Private limited company 65 Children's clothing Founded by Laura Tenison as a mail order business. Jones Bootmaker (/wiki/Jones_Bootmaker) 1857 Endless LLP (/wiki/Endless_(private_equity)) 72 Footwear retailer Founded by Alfred Jones in Bayswater, London. Joseph (/wiki/Joseph_(fashion_brand)) 1972 18 Men's and ladies' clothing Founded by Joseph Ettedgui and his family in Kings Road, Chelsea below their hairdressing salon. First large scale retail shop opened in Sloane Street in 1979, designed by Norman Foster. It has been owned by Onward Kashiyama since 2005. Joules (/wiki/Joules_(clothing)) 1977 Private company 92 British fashion and lifestyle brand Founded by Ian Joule as Joule & Sons, the business originally sold branded clothing and accessories at equestrian and country shows. In 1994 the business rebranded as Joules, and in 1999 launched its own clothing collection. In 2000 the brand opened its first shop, in Market Harborough and has since opened 92 branches and several concessions across the UK. Juicy Couture (/wiki/Juicy_Couture) 1995 Authentic Brands (/wiki/Authentic_Brands) Group 5 American fashion brand Founded in California, initially as Travis Jeans. The first UK shop was opened in 2009 in Bruton Street, London. [39] (#cite_note-39) Donna Karan New York (/wiki/DKNY) 1984 LVMH 1 American designer brand Founded by Donna Karan in New York, the business opened its only UK shop in Conduit Street, London in 1997. Kilgour & French (/wiki/Savile_Row_tailoring) 1882 Fung Group 1 Men's tailors Founded in 1882 as T & F French in Piccadilly, in 1923 French merged with existing Savile Row tailor A. H. Kilgour to form Kilgour & French. Owned by Fung Group since 2013. The Kooples (/wiki/The_Kooples) 2008 Private company 14 French designer shop Started by the Elisha brothers in Paris, the first UK shop opened in 2010. [40] (#cite_note-40) Also operates concessions within Harrods and Selfridges. Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors_(brand)) 1981 Public American designer brand American designer brand started by Michael Kors in 1981. First UK shop opened in Regent Street, London in 2015. [41] (#cite_note-41) Lacoste (/wiki/Lacoste) 1933 Maus Frères 11 French clothing company Founded by former French tennis player Rene Lacoste. The UK flagship shop in Brompton Road, London opened in 2012. [42] (#cite_note-42) Lady Jane (/wiki/Lady_Jane_(boutique)) Lady Jane Boutique - Carnaby Street - 1966 1966 Henry Moss (/wiki/Henry_Moss) & Harry Fox 1 Ladies' fashion boutique Iconic first ladies' fashion boutique opened in Carnaby Street (/wiki/Carnaby_Street) in London. Moss followed this with Sweet Fanny Adams, Pussy Galore & The London Mob. Moss also created some of the original fashion designs. Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) 1974 Private 1 German fashion designer brand Founded by the German fashion designer of the same name. Lagerfeld has also been the head designer of Chanel and Fendi. His boutique on Regent Street, London, opened in November 2013. [43] (#cite_note-43) Lanvin (/wiki/Lanvin_(company)) 1889 Harmonie S.A. 1 Men's tailors Founded as a dressmaker in France by Jeanne Lanvin. The menswear shop opened in London in 2008. [44] (#cite_note-44) Ralph Lauren (/wiki/Ralph_Lauren_Corporation) 1967 Public company 19 American designer brand Founded by Ralph Lauren as a men's tie brand, the first UK shop opened in New Bond Street, London in 1981. Le Coq Sportif (/wiki/Le_Coq_Sportif) 1882 Public company 1 French sportswear manufacturer Founded by Émile Camuset in France, the business opened its first stand alone shop in the UK in 2013. [45] (#cite_note-45) Leekes (/wiki/Leekes) 1897 Private company 7 Outdoor clothing and footwear Founded in Rhondda, Wales by James Henry Leeke as a builder's merchants. In the 1970s the business expanded into department stores offering outdoor clothing and footwear. The Left Shoe Company (/wiki/The_Left_Shoe_Company) 1998 Private company 1 Made to measure footwear company Made to measure footwear company based in London, Los Angeles and Helsinki. T. M. Lewin (/wiki/T._M._Lewin) 1898 Private company 75 Men's shirt retailer Founded by Thomas Mayes Lewin in Jermyn Street. In the 1980s the business started to expand by opening its second shop at Lime Street, London. John Lewis (/wiki/John_Lewis_(department_store)) 1864 John Lewis Partnership 42 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Started by John Lewis in Oxford Street, London. In 1920 was incorporated into John Lewis Partnership. Largest department store in volume of revenue. Lillywhites (/wiki/Lillywhites) 1863 Sports Direct 1 Men's, children's and ladies' sports clothing and footwear Founded by the Lillywhite family in Haymarket, London. Moved to their current location at 25 Regent Street, London in 1925. Opened shops in numerous city locations. At one time owned by the Forte Group, it was purchased by Jerónimo Martins in 1996. The business struggled in the competitive UK sports market and in 2002 was sold to Sports Direct. Shops were changed to Sports Direct or closed between 2002 and 2012, leaving the Regent Street shop as the sole location. Phillip Lim (/wiki/Phillip_Lim) 2005 Private company 1 American designer of ladieswear Created by Phillip Lim, an American designer in 2005. The London shop opened in 2013. [46] (#cite_note-46) Liu·Jo (/wiki/Liu%C2%B7Jo) 1995 Private company 1 Italian designer brand Founded by the Marchi brothers in Carpi, Italy. Henri Lloyd (/wiki/Henri_Lloyd) 1963 Private company 9 Manufacturer and retailer of sailing, yachting and golfing apparel Founded by Angus Lloyd and Henri Strzelecki in Manchester. Operates its own shops and concessions in House of Fraser. Long Tall Sally Clothing (/wiki/Long_Tall_Sally_Clothing) 1976 Amery Capital 11 Ladies' clothing The first shop was opened in 1976 on Chiltern Street (/wiki/Chiltern_Street) in the West End of London. The business is a clothing and shoe brand for tall women 5'8" and over. Loro Piana (/wiki/Loro_Piana) c.19th century LVMH (/wiki/LVMH) 2 Italian designer brand Started in the 19th century by the Loro Piana family as wool fabric merchants. In 2013 80% of the business was purchased by LVMH. Christian Louboutin (/wiki/Christian_Louboutin) 1991 Private company 3 French designer shoes Founded in Paris, the business operates 3 stand alone shops in London and concessions within Selfridges and Harvey Nicholls. Lululemon Athletica (/wiki/Lululemon_Athletica) 1998 Sportswear Founded in Vancouver, Canada in 1998 by Chip Wilson. Opened its first UK shop in Covent Garden in February 2014. Lyle & Scott (/wiki/Lyle_%26_Scott) 1874 Private company 1 British designer brand Founded as a knitwear firm in the Scottish town of Hawick, the business opened its first retail shop in London in 2005. M&Co. (/wiki/M%26Co.) 1834 Iain McGeoch 270 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded by McGeoch family as pawnbrokers in Paisley, Renfrewshire. Converted to clothing in 1953. In 1973 adopted Mackay's name. M&Co brand launched in 2003, with all shops being rebranded by 2007. Mango (/wiki/Mango_(clothing)) 1995 Mango MNG Holding 56 Fashion shop Founded by brothers Isak Andic and Nahman Andic in Barcelona. E. Marinella (/wiki/E._Marinella) 1914 Maurizio Marinella 1 Italian designer ties Founded by Eugenio Marinella in 1914 in Naples. Marks & Spencer (/wiki/Marks_%26_Spencer) 1884 Public limited company 800 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear The company was founded by Michael Marks (/wiki/Michael_Marks) and Thomas Spencer (/wiki/Thomas_Spencer_(businessman)) in 1884 as a penny bazaar (/w/index.php?title=Penny_bazaar&action=edit&redlink=1) in Leeds Kirkgate Market (/wiki/Leeds_Kirkgate_Market) . It now one of the UK's largest clothing retailers and also sells shoes. [47] (#cite_note-47) Massimo Dutti (/wiki/Massimo_Dutti) 1985 Inditex Group 11 Fashionwear retailer Founded as a men's clothing manufacturer in 1985, the business was purchased by Inditex Group in 1991, who expanded the range to women's clothing in 1992. The first UK Shop was opened on Regent Street, London in 2003. [48] (#cite_note-48) Matalan (/wiki/Matalan) 1985 John Hargreaves (/wiki/John_Hargreaves_(businessman)) 217 [49] (#cite_note-49) Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded by John Hargreaves in Preston. Matches Fashion (/wiki/Matches_Fashion) c.1990s 4 Men's and ladies' clothing Founded in London, it is now an international retailer with retail shops and an online site. Max Mara (/wiki/Max_Mara) 1951 Private 4 Italian designer brand Founded by Achille Maramotti in Italy. Operates four stand alone shops and concessions in department stores. McQ (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen_(brand)) 2012 Gucci 1 British fashion designer brand Launched in 2006 as a lower price range to Alexander McQueen, the business opened its first shop in Spitalfields in 2012. Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen_(brand)) 2000 Gucci 2 British fashion designer brand Founded as a fashion house by Alexander McQueen, the business was bought by Gucci in 2000 and opened retail shops across the globe. Menarys (/wiki/Menarys) 1923 Alexander family (/wiki/Alexander_family) 20 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded by Joseph Alexander in Cookstown as a drapery. In 1970s bought Menary Brothers and changed the group name to this. Now operates as a department store. Mexx (/wiki/Mexx) 1986 Eroglu Holding 17 Men's, women's and children's clothing and accessories Started by fashion designer Rattan Chadha and his business partners PK Sen Sharma, Adu Advaney, Suveer Arora, Ronny Lemmens, Horatio Ho and Arun Mehta in the 1970s as a supplier of clothes for department and wholesale shops in the Netherlands. In 1980 they created two popular clothing brands—"Moustache" for men and "Emanuelle" for women, and in 1986 brought these together a M (from Moustache) + E (from Emanuelle) + XX (an abbreviation for "kiss kiss") to create MEXX. In the UK the business has 17 shops mainly in Northern Ireland. Karen Millen (/wiki/Karen_Millen) 1981 Private limited company 84 Founded by Karen Millen and Kevin Stanford. First shop opened in 1983. Bought by Mosaic Fashions, owners of Oasis in 2004. Mosaic went into administration in 2009. Bought out by the management team under Aurora Fashions. Karen Millen was split off as an independent company in 2011. Miss Selfridge (/wiki/Miss_Selfridge) 1966 Arcadia Group (/wiki/Arcadia_Group) 170+ Ladies' clothing Founded as the young fashion section of Selfridges department store by Charles Clore. Later opened in Lewis department stores and as separate shops. In 1999 Miss Selfridge was purchased by Arcadia Group as part of Sir Philip Green's purchase of Sears plc. Monsoon (/wiki/Monsoon_Accessorize) 1973 Peter Simon 400 Children's and ladies' clothing Started by Peter Simon in Portabello Road market in 1972, opening his first Monsoon shop in 1973. Moschino (/wiki/Moschino) 1983 Public company 1 Italian designer brand Founded in Milan by Franco Moschino. Moss Bros Group (/wiki/Moss_Bros_Group) 1851 Public company 150+ Men's clothing Founded by Moses Moss in Covent Garden. Has owned several brands including the UK retail arm of Hugo Boss. Mothercare (/wiki/Mothercare) 1961 Public company 79 Ladies' maternity and children's clothing and footwear Founded by Selim Zilkha & Sir James Goldsmith are purchasing 50-shop W. J. Harris nursery furniture chain. Became a public company in 1972. Merged with Habitat in 1982, and then BHS in 1986 to form Shophouse plc. Purchased Children's World from Boots in 1996 and rebranded Mothercare World. In 1999 Shophouse changed its name to Mothercare plc after the sale of BHS to Sir Philip Green. Mountain Warehouse (/wiki/Mountain_Warehouse) 1997 Mark Neale 160 Men's, ladies' and children's outdoor clothing and footwear Started life as retail arm of Karrimor. Name changed to Mountain Warehouse after sale of Karrimor in 1999. Business changed hands in 2002; 2007; 2010 and finally in 2013 to its former founder Mark Neale. N–P [ edit ] Clothing shops in UK Image Established in UK Owned by Number of shops Type of shop Notes Nanook (/wiki/Nanook) Private company 2 Ladies' independent boutique Ladies' boutique specializing in Italian design, based in Suffolk. [50] (#cite_note-50) Nevisport (/wiki/Nevisport) 1970 Jacobs & Turner Ltd 12 Men's, children's and ladies' outdoor clothing and footwear Founded in Fort William by Ian A. Sykes MBE and Ian D. Sutherland. Acquired by Jacobs & Turner in 2007. New Look (/wiki/New_Look_(company)) 1969 Brait SA 569 [51] (#cite_note-51) Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Started in Taunton by Tony Singh (/w/index.php?title=Tony_Singh_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) . Purchased by Brait SA in May 2015. Next (/wiki/Next_plc) 1982 Next plc 511 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Started in 1982 after the purchase of Kendall & Sons Ltd (/wiki/Kendall_%26_Sons_Ltd) by clothing manufacturer Joseph Hepworth (/wiki/Joseph_Hepworth_(tailor)) . In 1984 J Hepworth & Son changes its name to NEXT plc. Nine West (/wiki/Nine_West) 1973 4 Footwear retailer Founded in New York in 1973. Jane Norman (/wiki/Jane_Norman) 1955 Edinburgh Woollen Mills 0 Men's and ladies' clothing Founded by Norman Freed in 1955, the business was sold to Graphite Capital in 2002 for £70m. In 2005 it was purchased by Bagur before going into administration in 2011. Edinburgh Woollen Mills bought the brand and 33 of its 116 shops, but in 2014 the business again was put into administration and bought out in a pre-packaged deal by Edinburgh Woollen Mills. All shops were closed and the business now operates concessions in department stores and online. Norton & Sons (/wiki/Norton_%26_Sons) 1821 Patrick Grant 1 Men's tailors Norton & Sons is a Savile Row bespoke tailor founded in 1821 by Walter Grant Norton. The firm is located at 16 Savile Row. Nudie Jeans (/wiki/Nudie_Jeans) 2001 Private company 2 Swedish designer jeans brand Founded as a subsidiary of Svenska Jeans AB by Maria Erixon in 2001, opening its first shop in Soho, London in 2014. Oasis (/wiki/Oasis_Stores) 1991 Aurora Fashions (/wiki/Aurora_Fashions) 300 Ladies' clothing Floated in 1995, in 2001 business was purchased by a management buyout. A second buyout occurred in 2004. This buyout called Mosaic Fashions went into administration in 2009. Bought out by another management team under Aurora Fashions. Office (/wiki/Office_Holdings) 1981 Silverfleet Capital 99 Men's and ladies' footwear Formed as a concession in Hyper Hyper, before opening its first shop in 1984. Offspring (/wiki/Office_Holdings) 1996 Silverfleet Capital 6 Men's and ladies' sports clothing and footwear Fashion sports shops created by Office. The Original Factory Shop (/wiki/The_Original_Factory_Shop) 1969 Duke Street Capital 190 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Discounter starting life by selling soap overmade by one of founder Peter Blacks factories. Orlebar Brown (/wiki/Orlebar_Brown) 2007 Private company 5 Menswear Swimwear designer brand started in March 2007. [52] (#cite_note-52) Orvis (/wiki/Orvis) 1856 Private 19 Outdoor clothing Founded in America by Charles F. Orvis, the family-owned retail and mail-order business specialises in high-end fly fishing, hunting and sporting goods. Outfit (/wiki/Outfit_(retailer)) 1995 Arcadia Group (/wiki/Arcadia_Group) 70 Men's and ladies' clothing Opened by Sears plc in Reading, the shop sold the brands of Sears plc in out of town locations. Purchased by Sir Philip Green in 1999, and became part of Arcadia Group. Pal Zileri (/wiki/Pal_Zileri) 1980 Private company 1 Italian designer menswear Founded by Gianfranco Barizza and Aronne Miola and named after an ancient building in the historic centre of Vicenza. Pavers Shoes (/wiki/Pavers_Shoes) 1971 Private limited company 100 Footwear retailer Family owned business started in York by Catherine Paver, initially as shoe parties. First shop opened in Scarborough. Peacocks (/wiki/Peacocks_(clothing)) 1884 Edinburgh Woollen Mill Ltd 388 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Started as Peacocks Penny Bazaar in Warrington. Went public in 1999, before a management buyout in 2005. Went into administration in 2012 before being purchased by Edinburgh Woollen Mill (/wiki/Edinburgh_Woollen_Mill) . N.Peal (/wiki/N.Peal) 1936 Adam Holdsworth 11 Luxury cashmere knitwear and accessories specialist Founded by Nat Peal in 1936 as a men's haberdashery in London's Burlington Arcade. In 2007 the business was purchased by Adam Holdsworth and Nick Falkingham. Pep&Co (/wiki/Pep%26Co) 2015 Pepkor UK 50 Clothing discounter Founded by Andy Bond, a former Asda executive and South African retail business Pepkor. The business opened 50 shops in 50 days. Phase Eight (/wiki/Phase_Eight) 1979 Private limited company 106 Women's clothing Founded by Patsy Seddon at Wandsworth Common, London. Thomas Pink (/wiki/Thomas_Pink) 1984 LVMH 31 Men's and women's fashion brand Founded by brothers James, Peter and John Mullen as a specialist shirt company based in London. In 2011 the business opened its first shops in Washington DC, Edinburgh, and a concession within Harrods in London. Pinko (/wiki/Pinko_(fashion)) c.1980s [53] (#cite_note-53) Private company 1 Italian designer brand Founded in the early 1980s by Pietro Negra and Cristina Rubini, the business operates one stand alone shop and concessions within Harvey Nicholls and Harrods. Henry Poole & Co (/wiki/Henry_Poole_%26_Co) 1806 Angus & Simon Cundey 1 Men's tailors Opened in Brunswick Square, London before moving to Savile Row in 1846. Moved to Cork Street in 1961 before returning to Savile Row in 1982. Poste (/wiki/Office_Holdings) 2000 Office Holdings Men's footwear retailer Upmarket boutique footwear retailer started by Office. Poste Mistress (/wiki/Office_Holdings) 2001 Office Holdings Women's footwear retailer Upmarket boutique footwear retailer started by Office. Prada (/wiki/Prada) 1913 Public company 3 Italian designer brand Founded by Mario Prada in Milan, Italy. The business operates three stand alone shops and concessions in several department stores. Pretty Eccentric (/wiki/Pretty_Eccentric) 2009 1 Ladies' clothing and footwear Founded in 2009 by Michelle Scott. Primark (/wiki/Primark) 1969 Associated British Foods (/wiki/Associated_British_Foods) 167 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Opened by Arthur Ryan in Dublin as Penneys. Opened first UK shop in Belfast in 1971. Pull & Bear (/wiki/Pull_%26_Bear) 1986 Inditex Group 7 Fashionwear retailer Founded as New Wear S.a. in Naron, Galicia, Spain in 1986. The business became part of Inditex Group who rebranded the business as Pull & bear in 1991, [54] (#cite_note-54) and opened its first UK shop in 2008. [55] (#cite_note-auto37-55) Q–S [ edit ] Clothing shops in UK Image Established in UK Owned by Number of shops Type of shop Notes QD stores (/wiki/QD_stores) 1984 QD Commercial Group Holdings 25 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded in Norwich under the name Quality Discounts. Multi-range discounter. Some shops have in shop Brantano concessions. Red Wing Shoes (/wiki/Red_Wing_Shoes) 1905 Private company 1 American footwear manufacturer Founded in Red Wing, Minnesota by Charles H. Beckman, the business operates a stand-alone shop in London selling their own brand of shoes. Reebok (/wiki/Reebok) 1895 Adidas Sports clothing and footwear Founded as running shoe company J W Foster & Sons, the business opened its first stand alone shop in 2004 in Covent Garden, London. [56] (#cite_note-56) The business was bought by Adidas in 2005. In 2011 Reebok opened its new retail concept Reebok Fithub. Reiss (/wiki/Reiss_(brand)) 1971 Reiss family 56 Men's and women's fashion brand Founded by the Reiss family in 1971, the business operates 56 shops and several concessions across the UK. Rigby & Peller (/wiki/Rigby_%26_Peller) 1939 Van de Velde 7 Ladies' underwear Ladies' underwear retailer founded in 1939 by Hungarian immigrant Gita Peller and Bertha Rigby, an English corsetière at South Molton Street in London's West End. In 2011 87 per cent of the business was purchased by Belgium manufacturer Van de Velde. Marina Rinaldi (/wiki/Marina_Rinaldi) 1980 Max Mara (/wiki/Max_Mara) 1 Italian designer ladies' brand Founded by the Italian Max Mara company as a plus size designer brand, the business operates one stand alone UK shop and concessions within several department stores. River Island (/wiki/River_Island) 1947 Lewis Trust Group 248 Men's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded by Bernard Lewis under the name Lewis Separates, the business changed name to Chelsea Girl in 1965. In 1988 it merged with its menswear operation Concept Man to form River Island, with all shops being re-branded by 1991. Rohan (/wiki/Rohan_(clothing)) 1972 The Cann Trust 61 Outdoor clothing retailer and manufacturer Founded by Paul Howcroft and his wife Sarah, the business was purchased by Clarks in 1988. In 1996 [24] (#cite_note-auto19-24) it was sold to a management buyout, before changing hands again in 2001. In 2007 the business was purchased by The Cann Trust and Colin Fisher. Rohmir (/wiki/Rohmir) 2007 Private company 1 French designer brand Founded in Monaco by Olga Roh. The only UK shop is based in London. Rupert and Buckley (/wiki/Rupert_and_Buckley) 2011 Private limited company 3 University focused brand Founded by James Buckley Thorp as an upmarket brand aimed at University students. In 2014 they opened their flagship shop at 5 Burton Street, Bath. Russell & Bromley (/wiki/Russell_%26_Bromley) 1873 Private limited company 43 Footwear retailer Founded in 1873 by the marriage of George Bromley to his employers daughter Elizabeth Russell, with the first shop carrying the name in Eastbourne. Opened its first Bond Street shop in 1947. Sonia Rykiel (/wiki/Sonia_Rykiel) 1962 Private company 1 French designer brand Founded by Sonia Rykiel in Paris, the business was 80 per cent purchased by Fung Brands in 2012. Sainsbury's (/wiki/Sainsbury%27s) 1869 Publicly traded on the London Stock Exchange (/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange) 1203 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Sainsburys started selling clothes in its jointly run Savacentres (with BHS). In 2004 it launched its TU clothing range The Savoy Taylors Guild (/wiki/Moss_Bros_Group) Moss Brothers Group Men's tailors Men's tailors founded next door to the Savoy Hotel, which was purchased by Cecil Gee, before becoming part of Moss Brothers in 1988. In 2000 many of the Guild shops were converted to the new Code brand created by Moss Brothers, however by 2002 the Code name was dropped, and Savor Taylor Guild became the business' upmarket brand. [57] (#cite_note-auto28-57) Scabal (/wiki/Scabal) 1938 Private company 1 Men's tailors Founded as a cloth merchant, the textile manufacturer produces and retails suits, jackets and shirts. Schuh (/wiki/Schuh) 1981 Genesco 118 Fotwear retailer Founded in Edinburgh by Sandy Alexander, it remained as an independent business until it was purchased by a plc. In 1990 a management buyout occurred before being purchased by Genesco, a US footwear retailer in 2011. Scotch & Soda (/wiki/Scotch_%26_Soda_(clothing)) c.1980s Private company 2 Dutch designer brand Dutch designer brand that opened its first UK shop in London in 2012. [58] (#cite_note-58) Maurice Sedwell (/wiki/Maurice_Sedwell) 1938 Andrew Ramroop 1 Men's tailors Founded by Maurice Sedwell in Fleet Street, the business moved to 9 Savile Row in 1963. In 1988 Maurice Sedwell retired selling the business to his employee Andrew Ramroop. The business moved to 19 Savile Row in 1994. Edward Sexton (/wiki/Edward_Sexton) 1969 Edward Sexton Men's tailors Nutters of Savile Row (/wiki/Savile_Row) was opened on Valentine's Day 1969 by Tommy Nutter and Edward Sexton, who had worked together at Donaldson, Williamson & Ward. Nutter left business in 1976, but Edward Sexton continues to run the business changing the name in 1982. Ben Sherman (/wiki/Ben_Sherman) 1963 Oxford Industries Inc. 5 British menswear brand Founded by Arthur Benjamin Sugarman in Brighton, the business opened its first shop in the city in 1967. The business was purchased by Oxford Industries in 2004 from 3i and Enterprise Equities and discontinued the ladies' and children's wear ranges in 2010. Shoe Zone (/wiki/Shoe_Zone) 1917 Smith family 500 Footwear retailer Originally called Bensonshoe, the business was first renamed to Discount Shoe Zone in 1996 before becoming Shoe Zone in 2001. In 2007 they purchased Shoefayre chain from Co-Op, and added the Stead & Simpson business after purchasing it from administrators in 2008. Simply Be (/wiki/N_Brown_Group) N Brown group 15 Ladies' clothing and footwear Online brand of N Brown Group, which opened its first physical shops in 2011. Dual branded shops with Jacamo. Slaters (/wiki/Slater_Menswear) 1973 Private limited company 25 Menswear Founded in Glasgow, Scotland by Samuel Slater, the business is still owned by the Slater family. John Smedley (/wiki/John_Smedley_(industrialist)) 1784 Private company 1 British designer knitwear Founded as Lea Mills in 1784 by John Smedley and Peter Nightingale, it was in 1825 when John Smedley's son John took over the running of the business and started making clothing not just cloth. Operates a shop in Brook Street, London and concessions in several department stores. Paul Smith (/wiki/Paul_Smith_(fashion_designer)) 1970 Private company 17 Men's, children's and ladies' fashion brand Founded by Paul Smith in Nottingham as Paul Smith Vêtements pour Hommes, a men's tailor. He opened his first shop in Covent Garden in 1979. The business now operates 17 shops in England. [59] (#cite_note-59) Sock Shop (/wiki/Sock_Shop) 1983 Private company 1 Sock retailer Founded as a specialist sock retailer by Sophie Mirman and Richard P. Ross. The business expanded to shops across the UK, US and Europe. However the business entered administration in 1990, and although was purchased by a consortium it struggled and after another period of administration it became part of the Facia group. This group failed in 1996, and between then and 2006 had a further three owners. The business had closed all of its shops but has since opened a shop in the Arndale Centre in Manchester and has concessions in various Mill outlets and department stores. SOLETRADER (/wiki/Soletrader) 1962 Private company 40 Footwear retailer Founded as Top Footwear for Men in St. Albans, the business changed its name to SOLETRADER in 1992. [60] (#cite_note-auto11-60) Sports Direct (/wiki/Sports_Direct) 1982 Public limited company 470 Sportswear Founded as Mike Ashley Sports in Maidenhead (/wiki/Maidenhead) , the business changed its name to Preston Sports in 1984. In 1995–96 the business changed its name to Sports Soccer. In 2002 the business purchased rival Lillywhites, and in 2005 the business was again re-branded as Sports World, with a further change occurring in 2007 to Sports Direct. In 2012 it purchased the JJB brand name and 20 of it shops. Steed Bespoke Tailors (/wiki/Savile_Row_tailoring) 1995 Private company 1 Men's bespoke tailors Founded by Edward DeBoise and Thomas Mahon. Thomas Mahon left the business in 2002 and in 2008 Edward was joined by his son Matthew. Store Twenty One (/wiki/Store_Twenty_One) 1932 2006 Private company 200 Men's, ladies' and childrenswear Created by Grabal Alok, the Indian-owned textile manufacturer that had bought the remnants of QS Shops and Bewise chains that had gone into administration. In July 2016, it was proposed and agreed that a company voluntary arrangement should be taken. In May 2017 Store Twenty One entered administration for the second time due to poor trading. The company was placed into liquidation in July 2017 and all remaining stores closed. Stowers Bespoke (/wiki/Savile_Row_tailoring) 2007 Private company 1 Men's bespoke tailors Founded by Ray & Chris Stowers; Ray had previously worked for Gieves & Hawkes for 25 years. [61] (#cite_note-61) Stradivarius (/wiki/Stradivarius_(Inditex)) 1994 Inditex Group 1 Womenswear Founded as a family owned business in Barcelona, the business became part of the Inditex group in 1999. The first shop in the UK opened in Westgate, Stratford in 2014. [55] (#cite_note-auto37-55) Sunspel (/wiki/Sunspel) 1860 Private company 7 British designer label Sunspel was founded in 1860 as a manufacturer of clothing by Thomas Hill, and claims to be the first fashion retailer to produce the T-shirt style clothing top. Superdry (/wiki/Superdry) 1985 Public limited company Men's, ladies' and children's fashion brand Founded as Cult Clothing by Ian Hibbs and Julian Dunkerton in Cheltenham. During the 1990s the business expanded into a number of UK university towns and cities, before opening their first Superdry shop in Covent Garden in 2004. Sweaty Betty (/wiki/Sweaty_Betty) 1998 Private company 32 Sportswear Founded by Tamara and Simon Hill-Norton with one boutique in London's Notting Hill selling ladies' activewear, by 2003 the business had expanded to five shops. T–Z [ edit ] Clothing shops in UK Image Established in UK Owned by Number of shops Type of shop Notes Tempest (/wiki/Menarys) Alexander family 11 Ladies' clothing and footwear Young ladies' fashion shop located in Northern Ireland and owned by Menarys department store chain Tesco (/wiki/Tesco) 1919 Publicly traded on the London Stock Exchange (/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange) 3561 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear First started selling clothes in 1960. Tessuti (/wiki/Tessuti) 1985 Private company Menswear retailer Founded as a luxury clothing menswear retailer in the North West of England, [62] (#cite_note-62) Fifty per cent of the business was purchased by JD Sports in 2012 who added five of their Cecil Gee branches to the chain. [63] (#cite_note-auto29-63) Thresher & Glenny (/wiki/Thresher_%26_Glenny) 1755 Private company 1 Tailors and shirtmakers Founded in 1755 after a merger of older business. Operates in Middle Temple Lane, London. Tiger of Sweden (/wiki/Tiger_of_Sweden) 1903 IC Group (/wiki/IC_Group) 1 Swedish menswear brand Founded in the Swedish town of Uddevalla by Markus Schwarmann and Hjalmar Nordstrom, the business has been owned by IC Group since 2003. The business opened its first UK shop in 2013 in London. [64] (#cite_note-64) It also operates concessions within Selfridges department stores. Timberland (/wiki/The_Timberland_Company) 1973 VF Corporation 34 Footwear and clothing manufacturer and retailer Founded as a brand of The Abington Shoe Company in the US, the business opened its first UK retail shop in 1990 on New Bond Street, London. [65] (#cite_note-65) TK Maxx (/wiki/T.J.Maxx) 1976 TJX Companies 280 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Opened as TJ Maxx in Framingham, Massachusetts in 1976. Opened first UK shop in Bristol in 1994 under TK Maxx name to not confuse itself with discount department store TJ Hughes. Toast (/wiki/French_Connection_(clothing)) French Connection plc / Seaton Family 11 Men's and ladies' clothing and footwear Started by Jessica and Jamie Seaton in Wales in 1997 as a mail order pyjama company. [66] (#cite_note-66) [67] (#cite_note-67) French Connection purchased 75% of the company in 2000. Tod's (/wiki/Tod%27s) 1920 Public company 2 Italian footwear retailer Italian designer footwear retailer Topshop (/wiki/Topshop) 1964 Arcadia Group (/wiki/Arcadia_Group) 300 Men's and ladies' clothing Founded in 1964 as the young ladies' fashion department in the Peter Robinson (/wiki/Peter_Robinson_(department_store)) department store. Split off from Peter Robinson as a separate business (by owners Burton Group) in 1973. C J Townrow & Sons (/wiki/C_J_Townrow_%26_Sons) 1871 Private company 4 Department store Department store founded in Braintree that now operates in Essex and Cambridgeshire. Trespass (/wiki/Trespass_(clothing)) 1984 Jacobs and Turner Ltd 150+ Outdoor clothing manufacturer and retailer Founded by Jacobs & Turner, a workwear company operating since 1938, as a brand to move into specialist skiwear and outdoor clothing. The retail business was started in the 1990s. Turnbull & Asser (/wiki/Turnbull_%26_Asser) 1885 Ali Fayed 1 Men's shirtmaker Founded in 1885 by Reginald Turnbull and Ernest Asser, a salesman, in St. James in West London. In 1903 they moved to their Jermyn Street location. The business was purchased by Ali Fayed younger brother of Mohamed Al-Fayed, former owner of Harrods, in 1986. Tuxedo Junction (/wiki/Tuxedo_Junction) 1995 Private company 2 Tailor and weddings Founded in Gloucester and Cirencester. [68] (#cite_note-68) Charles Tyrwhitt (/wiki/Charles_Tyrwhitt) 1986 Private company 17 Men's outfitter Founded as a mail order business by Nicholas Charles Tyrwhitt Wheeler, the business opened its first shop in Jermyn Street, London in 1997. UGG Australia (/wiki/UGG_Australia) 1978 Deckers Outdoor Corporation 8 American footwear design brand Founded by Brian Smith in California, the business was purchased by Deckers Outdoor Corporation in 1995. Uniqlo (/wiki/Uniqlo) 1949 Fast Retailing Ltd. 10 Japanese clothing retailer UNIQLO is a clothing apparel company, which was founded in Yamaguchi, Japan, in 1949 as a textiles manufacturer. The company opened its first shop in the UK in 2001. United Colours of Benetton (/wiki/Benetton_Group) 1965 Benetton Group S.r.l. 3 Designer brand Designer brand started by Luciano Benetton in Treviso, which opened shops around the world. Currently only shops in Northern Ireland are operated by Benetton. Urban Outfitters (/wiki/Urban_Outfitters) 1970 Public limited company 28 American fashion retailer Founded in 1970 by Richard Hayne, Scott Belair, and Gabriel Tham-Morrobel, the American fashion chain opened its first UK shop in 1998. [69] (#cite_note-69) USC (/wiki/USC_(clothing_retailer)) 1989 Sports Direct 58 Men's and ladies' clothing Opened as a sports retailer in Edinburgh. Bought by Sir Tom Hunter in 2004. Purchased fully by Sports Direct in 2012. Defunct retailer Republic merged into USC in 2013. Went into Administration in 2015. Business bought by a Sports Direct holding company Republic Retail Ltd in 2015 Anna Valentine (/wiki/Anna_Valentine) 1986 Private company 1 London fashion house London Fashion house founded as Robinson Valentine, named after its founders Antonia Robinson and Anna Valentine. When Antonia Robertson left the business the brand became Anna Valentine. John Varvatos (/wiki/John_Varvatos_(company)) 1999 Lion Capital/John Varvatos 1 American designer brand Founded by the former head of design at Calvin Klein & Ralph Lauren, the US designer brand opened its first UK shop in 2014 in Conduit Street. [70] (#cite_note-70) Vero Moda (/wiki/Vero_Moda) 1987 Bestseller Women's fashion brand Founded in Denmark in 1987, [71] (#cite_note-71) the business owned by Bestseller opened its first UK standalone shop in Westfield Stratford in 2011. [72] (#cite_note-72) Victoria's Secret (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret) 1977 L Brands 9 Lingerie retailer Founded in America by Roy Raymond, the first UK shop opened in Bond Street in 2012, with its ninth shop opening in Reading in April 2015. [73] (#cite_note-73) Vilebrequin (/wiki/Vilebrequin) 1971 Private company 5 French fashion brand Founded by Fred Prysquel as a swimwear company in France, and was named after the French for crankshaft. Viyella (/wiki/Viyella) 1961 Austin Reed 7 Ladies' clothing Originally a brand name for a wool and cotton mix, a Viyella fashion retail business was started by its parent company. Owned by Austin Reed since 2009. Louis Vuitton (/wiki/Louis_Vuitton) 1854 LVMH (/wiki/LVMH) 8 French designer brand French designer brand started by Louis Vuttion as a maker of travel trunks. Its first shop opened in London in 1885. Amanda Wakeley (/wiki/Amanda_Wakeley) 1990 Private company 5 British designer brand Founded by Amanda Wakeley in Chelsea as a boutique and brand, the business has since expanded its stand alone shops and operates concessions within Harvey Nicholls shops. Wall London (/wiki/Wall_Luxury_Essentials) 1997 Private company 1 Ladies' fashion boutique Founded by Hernán and Judith de Balcázar as a boutique in Notting Hill, London, the business expanded into mail order in 1999 and online sales in 2000. Wallis (/wiki/Wallis_(retailer)) 1923 Arcadia Group (/wiki/Arcadia_Group) 400 Ladies' clothing Founded by Raphael Nat Wallis in 1923. The business was purchased by Sears Group (/w/index.php?title=Sears_Group&action=edit&redlink=1) in 1980. Became part of Arcadia Group in 1999 following the Sears plc purchase by Sir Philip Green. Weird Fish (/wiki/Weird_Fish) 1993 Private company 12 Men's, women's and childrenswear brand Founded by Doug Tilling as a clothing manufacturer of artist T-shirts. In 1999 the business opened its first shops in Cardiff and Bath. [74] (#cite_note-74) Welsh & Jefferies (/wiki/Savile_Row_tailoring) 1917 James Cottrell 1 Men's tailoring Founded in 1917 on the high street of Eton and became an established military tailor. Vivienne Westwood (/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood) Private company 12 British designer label Founded by Vivienne Westwood after the break up of her partnership with Malcolm McClaren, the UK business was franchised to Hervia until 2013. What Katie Did (/wiki/What_Katie_Did_(company)) 1999 Private company 1 Ladies' lingerie Founded by Katie Thomas by selling stockings, the brand first started as an online retailer before opening its first boutique in London's Portobello in 2003. The business now also operates a boutique in Los Angeles. Whistles (/wiki/Whistles) 1976 Private limited company 40 Ladies' clothing Founded by Lucille Lewin. Bought by Mosaic Fashions in 2004. Sold to a business led by Jane Shepherdson in 2008. Whitcomb and Shaftesbury (/wiki/Savile_Row_tailoring) 2004 Private company 1 Men's tailors Founded by Indian brothers Mahesh and Suresh Ramakrishnan and named after the intersection of two nearby streets. White Stuff (/wiki/White_Stuff_Clothing) 1985 Private company 85 Men's and women's fashion brand Founded by George Treves and Sean Thomas as a clothing manufacturer aimed at skiers. The business changed focus away from the skying market and moved into selling their own goods. By 2014 they operated 85 shops and several concessions within the UK. Jack Wills (/wiki/Jack_Wills) 1999 Jack Wills Ltd & Inflexion 69 Men's and ladies' clothing Founded by Peter Williams and Robert Shaw at 22 Fore Street, Salcombe. Originally, it was heavily marketed towards university students, using the slogan and trademark "University Outfitters" to reflect the inspiration behind the brand. The "University Outfitters" slogan has slowly been replaced with the more favoured slogan "Fabulously British". Wolford (/wiki/Wolford) 1950 Public limited company 66 Lingerie retailer Founded as a manufacturer of women's stockings in Austria. The business operates 66 stand alone shops, 10 shop in a shop and concessions in the UK. [75] (#cite_note-75) Jack Wolfskin (/wiki/Jack_Wolfskin) 1981 The Blackstone Group (/wiki/The_Blackstone_Group) 7 Outdoor wear Manufacturer and retailer Jack Wolfskin is a major German producer of outdoor wear and equipment headquartered in Idstein. It was founded in 1981 and is now owned by the American company The Blackstone Group. Up to now there are more than 600 Jack Wolfskin-Shops worldwide (mid-2012). Almost all of them are organized in a franchise system. Wynsors World of Shoes (/wiki/Wynsors_World_of_Shoes) 1980s Courtesy Shoes Limited 40 Footwear retailer Founded by Courtesy Shoes after opening a new shop in the former Wynsor House Discount Carpets shop in Thurcroft. The brand replaced all Courtsey Shoes former brand Medina Shoes. YMC (/wiki/French_Connection_(clothing)) 1976 French Connection plc 2 Men's and ladies' clothing Created as You Must Create (YMC) in 1995 by Fraser Moss and Jimmy Collins. [76] (#cite_note-76) French Connection purchased the business during the late 1990s. [77] (#cite_note-77) Z Zegna (/wiki/Ermenegildo_Zegna_Group) c.2000s Ermenegildo Zegna 2 Italian designer brand Founded by the Zegna family as a younger brand to the main Ermenegildo Zegna brand. Zara (/wiki/Zara_(retailer)) 1975 Inditex 67 Men's, children's and ladies' clothing and footwear Founded by Amancio Ortega in A Coruña, Galicia, Spain. Opened first UK shop in 1998. [78] (#cite_note-78) Ermenegildo Zegna (/wiki/Ermenegildo_Zegna_Group) 1910 Ermenegildo Zegna 3 Italian designer brand Founded as a maker of fabrics in Italy after Ermenegildo Zegna bought his father's mill. Defunct [ edit ] Defunct clothing shops in UK Image Established in UK Rebranded or closed Notes Abbotts Phitt-Easy Ltd (/w/index.php?title=Abbotts_Phitt-Easy_Ltd&action=edit&redlink=1) 1937 Chain of shoe shops based mainly in London. In 1937 the business was purchased by K Shoes, [79] (#cite_note-79) who completed a deal with Clarks (/wiki/C._%26_J._Clark) and split the shops between them, with Clarks keeping eight. Clarks were not allowed to operate them under the Abbotts name, so chose the name Peter Lord. K Shoes operated the remaining shops under their own name. Adams Childrenswear (/wiki/Adams_Childrenswear) 1933 2010 Founded by Amy Adams in Birmingham in 1933. Bought By Foster Brother Clothing Co in 1973. Fosters was purchased by Sears plc in 1983. In 1999 Sears was purchased by Sir Philip Green, and the Adams business was sold to a management buyout. The business went first into administration in 2006, being bought out by John Shannon. In 2008 Adams went into administration again and was brought out again by John Shannon. In 2009 the Adams business was sold to the investment group Habib Alvi. In 2010 the business went into administration for the third time and closed. Addley Bourne (/w/index.php?title=Addley_Bourne&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' clothing warehouse of the 19th century, originally based in Piccadilly but then later 174 Sloane Square, London. [80] (#cite_note-80) Claude Alexander (/w/index.php?title=Claude_Alexander_(tailors)&action=edit&redlink=1) Men's multiple tailor chain based in Scotland with 44 shops, who were bought by United Drapery Shops in 1951. [81] (#cite_note-auto6-81) Became part of UDS Tailoring group, along with John Collier and Alexandre Tailors. [82] (#cite_note-auto10-82) Alexandre Tailors (/w/index.php?title=Alexandre_Tailors&action=edit&redlink=1) 1906 Founded as a manufacturer in 1906 by Samuel Henry Lyons in Templar Lane, Leeds. [83] (#cite_note-83) In 1954 Alexandre was purchased from the family by UDS, with Lyon brothers Bernard and Jack taking on senior management roles at UDS before running the business. Alexandre became part of the UDS Tailoring group along with John Collier and Claude Alexander. [82] (#cite_note-auto10-82) W. A. Allery (/w/index.php?title=W._A._Allery&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century tailors based in Soho Street, London. [84] (#cite_note-84) Allsports (/w/index.php?title=Allsports&action=edit&redlink=1) 2005 Chain of sports clothing shops started by David Hughes, which went into administration in 2005 with 267 shops – at the time the fourth largest sports chain. [85] (#cite_note-85) JD Sports purchased the business from the administrator, including the remaining open 177 shops, which they aimed to run as a separate business. [86] (#cite_note-86) However shops were either closed or eventually re-branded to JD Sports. Alpine Sports (/w/index.php?title=Alpine_Sports_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1980s Founded during the 1980s by JJB to concentrate on items for the climbing, hiking, and ski markets. Business was transferred to Blacks Leisure as part of the deal that saw Howard Sports join JJB. [87] (#cite_note-87) Eventually became part of First Sport chain. Amber Ladieswear (/w/index.php?title=Amber_Ladieswear&action=edit&redlink=1) Former ladieswear shop located in Briggate, Leeds. [88] (#cite_note-88) Hardy Amies (/wiki/Hardy_Amies_(fashion_house)) 1946 2008 Hardy Amies founded his fashion couture business in January 1946 in Savile Row. The business expanded into retail tailoring by selling its own branded goods. In 1973 the business was purchased by Debenhams, however Amies purchased the business back in 1981. In 2001 Luxury Brands Group purchased the business from Amies however by November 2008 it had gone into bankruptcy. The brand name was purchased by Fung Capital, but its 6 retail shops closed as they were not part of the purchase. [89] (#cite_note-89) Apple Tailoring (/wiki/Dandie_Fashions) 1966 1968 Dandie Fashions opened its shop at 161 King's Road, Chelsea in October 1966. In 1968 The Beatles invested in Dandie renaming it Apple Tailoring, but it closed several months later after not making a profit John Archbold (/w/index.php?title=John_Archbold_(shoe_shop)&action=edit&redlink=1) Footwear shop based in Boar Lane, Leeds during the 19th century. [90] (#cite_note-90) Arnold & Cordwell (/w/index.php?title=Arnold_%26_Cordwell&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century tailors and outfitters based in North End, Croydon. [91] (#cite_note-91) Mike Ashley Sports (/wiki/Sports_Direct) 1982 1984 Founded by Mike Ashley in Maidenhead (/wiki/Maidenhead) . In 1984 they changed the trading name to Preston Sports. Astral Sport & Leisure (/w/index.php?title=Astral_Sport_%26_Leisure&action=edit&redlink=1) 1955 c.1980s Founded in 1955, [92] (#cite_note-92) the sports retailer operated concessions within department stores. The business was purchased by House of Fraser in 1978 after getting into financial difficulty [93] (#cite_note-93) and expanded it to include stand alone branches. [94] (#cite_note-94) The business was purchased by Sears during the 1980s and incorporated into their Olympus chain. Harry Attwood (/w/index.php?title=Harry_Attwood_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Clothing retailer owned by Great Universal Stores. [95] (#cite_note-auto14-95) Ethel Austin (/wiki/Ethel_Austin) 1934 2013 Started in Liverpool by Ethel Austin from her front room. The business stayed in the family until 2002, when it was purchased by a management buyout. In 2004, the business was bought by ABN-AMRO Capital, however the business entered administration for the first time in 2008. It was purchased by former MK One boss Elaine McPherson in May 2008, but went again into administration in 2010. It was saved again by Ashloch Ltd in 2011, but they went into administration in 2012. The company was liquidated in January 2013. Austin the Tailor (/w/index.php?title=Austin_the_Tailor&action=edit&redlink=1) National chain of men's tailors with shops from Dundee, Scotland [96] (#cite_note-96) to Basildon, England. [97] (#cite_note-97) [98] (#cite_note-98) Bacon Shoes (/w/index.php?title=Barretts_Shoes&action=edit&redlink=1) 2009 Bacon Shoes was a subsidiary of Stylo plc and was dissolved in September 2009 after the collapse of its parent company. [99] (#cite_note-99) Baileys Menswear (/w/index.php?title=Baileys_Menswear&action=edit&redlink=1) Menswear shop based in Briggate, Leeds during the 1970s. [100] (#cite_note-auto42-100) James Baker (/w/index.php?title=James_Baker_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Small chain of shoe shops purchased by Clarks in 1977. [101] (#cite_note-auto9-101) Bambers (/w/index.php?title=Bambers_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' fashion shop that expanded in the 1960s. [102] (#cite_note-102) Bank Shops (/w/index.php?title=Bank_Shops&action=edit&redlink=1) 1994 2015 Founded by former Macclesfied footballer Andy Scott, [103] (#cite_note-103) the business was bought by JD Sports in 2007. [104] (#cite_note-104) In November 2014 the struggling business was sold to Hilco Capital, however in January 2015 the business was put into administration. [ citation needed ] Kate Barnes (/w/index.php?title=Kate_Barnes_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Retailer of ladies' fashions based in Manchester Road, Burnley. [105] (#cite_note-105) [106] (#cite_note-106) Barnett-Hutton (/w/index.php?title=Barnett-Hutton&action=edit&redlink=1) Chain of ladieswear shops owned by department store chain Hide & Co. Was merged with Tootals shops to create the Van Allen chain. [107] (#cite_note-107) Baron of Piccadilly (/w/index.php?title=Baron_of_Piccadilly&action=edit&redlink=1) 1838 [108] (#cite_note-108) c.2010 Men's tailors based on Jermyn Street, London which closed due to the Eagle Place redevelopment by the Crown Estate. [109] (#cite_note-109) The business had been owned by Welsh firm Morris Cowan, [110] (#cite_note-110) owned by the father of actor Sacha Baron Cohen. [111] (#cite_note-auto32-111) Barrance & Ford (/w/index.php?title=Barrance_%26_Ford&action=edit&redlink=1) 1881 1975 Ladies' tailors opened by Charles Barrance & Robert White Ford in Hastings. [112] (#cite_note-112) A further shop was added in Kings Road, Brighton in 1891. The Hastings shop became part of Plummer Roddis (/wiki/Plummer_Roddis) in the 1920s, [113] (#cite_note-113) while the Brighton shop continued until the 1970s. [114] (#cite_note-auto-114) Barratts Shoes (/wiki/Barratts_Shoes) 1903 2013 Founded in Northampton, the business had grown to 150 branches by 1939. [115] (#cite_note-auto23-115) The business was purchased by Stylo in 1964, who rebranded their shops under the Barratts name. During the 1990s they merged with rival Priceless shoes, however in 2009 Stylo went into administration. 220 Barratts and Priceless shops were closed, with the remaining 160 shops and 165 concessions being bought by Barratts Priceless Ltd. This however went into administration in 2011, with Barretts Trading, another Michael Ziff vehicle purchasing 89 of Priceless and Barratts shops. This however went into administration in 2013, with 14 shops being sold to Pavers Shoes and the brand and website being sold to footwear entrepreneur Harvey Jacobsen. The Barratts name continues to operate online only. James Barrington (/w/index.php?title=James_Barrington_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) National fur chain shop. [116] (#cite_note-116) [117] (#cite_note-117) Barringtons (/w/index.php?title=Barringtons_(tailor)&action=edit&redlink=1) National men's tailor chain [118] (#cite_note-118) [119] (#cite_note-119) [120] (#cite_note-120) Bata Shoes (/wiki/Bata_shoe_factory_(East_Tilbury)) c.1980s Founded in 1894 in Zlín, Moravia, by Tomáš Baťa, Bata opened a factory at East Tilbury in Essex with an attached workers town in 1932. Bata opened shops across the UK but grew largely after the Second World War when "British Bata" was born. [121] (#cite_note-121) Bata started closing their UK retail operations in the 1980s. Bay Trading Company (/wiki/Bay_Trading_Company) c.1990s 2009 Originally a privately owned company, the business was purchased by Alexon Group in 1999. The business was put into administration in 2009, with a small number of shops and name being purchased by the Rinku Group. These subsequently closed. Bayne & Duckett (/w/index.php?title=Bayne_%26_Duckett_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Small chain of shoe shops operating in Scotland purchased by Clarks and incorporated under the Clarks name. [101] (#cite_note-auto9-101) Bazaar (/wiki/Mary_Quant) 1955 1969 Opened by Mary Quant, Plunket Greene and Archie McNair (/wiki/Archie_McNair) in Kings Road, London. Closed 1969 Beale & Inman (/w/index.php?title=Beale_%26_Inman&action=edit&redlink=1) 1828 2007 London High End Tailors based at 131–132 New Bond Street, which was purchased by Cecil Gee during the 1970s. In 1988 it became part of Moss Brothers Group, after the merge of Cecil Gee and Moss Brothers. [122] (#cite_note-122) The business closed in 2007, with the shop being filled by Italian fashion house Corneliani. [123] (#cite_note-123) John T. Beer (/w/index.php?title=John_T._Beer_(tailors)&action=edit&redlink=1) Men's tailors located at the junction of Boar Lane with Briggate in Leeds during the 19th Century. Building was demolished in 1867. [124] (#cite_note-124) Benefit Shoes (/w/index.php?title=Benefit_Shoes&action=edit&redlink=1) Shoe retailer owned by the British Shoe Corporation. [125] (#cite_note-125) [126] (#cite_note-126) Bensonshoe (/wiki/Shoe_Zone) 1917 1996 Founded in 1917, the business was acquired by the Smith family in 1980. The business purchased rival brand Tylers in 1986, before rebranding to Discount Shoe Zone in 1996. [127] (#cite_note-auto3-127) Berkertex (/w/index.php?title=Berkertex&action=edit&redlink=1) 1936 1992 Founded by Leslie Berker as a clothing manufacturer, the business opened its first retail outlet within the Spooners department store in Plymouth. At one time they had over 2000 retail outlets. [128] (#cite_note-auto16-128) The business went into administration in 1992 [129] (#cite_note-129) before the manufacturing business was purchased by Bairds. [130] (#cite_note-auto24-130) Best Jeanswear (/wiki/Republic_(retailer)) 1990 1998 Founded in 1985 as Just Jeans, after 1990 the name was changed to Best Jeanswear. The Republic brand was launched in 1998. Bewise 2006 Discount homeware and clothing retailer. Went into administration 2006. Some shops were purchased by new chain Shop Twenty One. [131] (#cite_note-auto13-131) Biba (/wiki/Biba) 1964 1980 Biba started as a mail order business before opening their first shop in Kensington, London. The business opened further shops before creating Big Biba inside the former Derry & Toms department store in 1974. To help fund the business shares were sold to Dorothy Perkins, whose parent British Land saw the business worth less than the property. In 1975 the shop was closed, and the trademark sold off and used by a new business based in Mayfair from 1978 to 1980. Now owned by House of Fraser as one of their in house designer brands. The Big Label (/w/index.php?title=The_Big_Label&action=edit&redlink=1) 2009 Formerly QS Discount, owned by QS Shops. Owned five shops in Blackburn, Sale, Atherton, Warrington and Chorley. Bissington (/w/index.php?title=Bissington_(hatter)&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th century 1935 Hatter and hosier that was based in Briggate, Leeds. [132] (#cite_note-132) [133] (#cite_note-133) William Blackburn & Co (/w/index.php?title=William_Blackburn_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) 1867 c.1960s Founded in Leeds as a men's clothing manufacturer, they share the honour with Hepworths of being the first to open retail outlets to market its products. The business expanded to 30 shops and closed in the early 1960s. [134] (#cite_note-134) Blades (/w/index.php?title=Blades_(boutique)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1962 Blades was a London fashion boutique established in 1962 by Rupert Lycett Green.Blades moved to Burlington Gardens in 1967, where the shop windows looked down on Savile Row itself.[1] The premises are now occupied by the tailors Ede & Ravenscroft. Blazer (/wiki/Moss_Bros_Group) 2000 Menswear shop created by Shophouse plc, which was purchased by Moss Brothers in 1996. [135] (#cite_note-auto41-135) The chain was merged into its newly formed brand Code, in 2000, however by 2002 the Code brand had failed and Blazer returned as a clothing only brand within the Moss Brothers and Cecil Gee shops. J. E. Bloom & Co (/w/index.php?title=J._E._Bloom_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century boys' outfitter based in High Holborn, London. [136] (#cite_note-136) A. Booth and Sons (/w/index.php?title=A._Booth_and_Sons&action=edit&redlink=1) Men's tailors that operated at 143 Briggate, Leeds. [137] (#cite_note-137) Boxfresh (/wiki/Boxfresh) 1989 Boxfresh is a clothing label which opened its own boutique in Covent Garden in 1992. Still operating as a clothing label but no longer as a retailer. W.Bradley (/w/index.php?title=W.Bradley&action=edit&redlink=1) Furriers who were based in Dale Street, Manchester. [138] (#cite_note-138) Bradleys of Chester (/w/index.php?title=Bradleys_of_Chester&action=edit&redlink=1) Men's outfitters originally based in Chester [139] (#cite_note-139) [140] (#cite_note-140) [141] (#cite_note-141) Brantano (/wiki/Brantano_UK) 1953 2017 Founded in Belgium as a manufacturer of ladies' shoes, the UK business opened in 1998 after the purchase of the British Shoe Corporation's 47 Shoe City shops. Closed in 2017 after owners Alteri put the business into administration for the second time. Bricks Manshop (/w/index.php?title=Suits_You_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Chain of menswear shops that was taken on by sons Brian and Alex Brick, who rebranded the business as Suits You and sold their retail business SRG in 2005 for £30m. [142] (#cite_note-auto35-142) The business was purchased by Egyptian group Arafa Holdings in 2008. [143] (#cite_note-auto1-143) However the 66 shop business entered administration in October 2010, [144] (#cite_note-auto22-144) 12 of the shops were purchased by the former owners and re-opened as Suit Direct. [145] (#cite_note-auto15-145) British Home Stores (/wiki/British_Home_Stores) 1928 2016 Founded in 1928 by American Entrepreneurs in Brixton to take on Woolworths. Business went public in 1933, and became part of Shophouse plc in 1986 after merging with Habitat and Mothercare. Went private again in 2000 after purchase by Sir Philip Green, who transferred the business to his Arcadia Group. Sold in 2015 to Retail Acquisitions for a nominal £1, the business entered administration in 2016 before closing. Albert Brooks (/w/index.php?title=Albert_Brooks_(milliner)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1891 19th-century milliner and fancy draper based in London at Westminster Bridge [146] (#cite_note-146) that was declared bankrupt in 1891. [147] (#cite_note-147) Bus Stop (/w/index.php?title=Bus_Stop_(store)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1968 1979 Bus Stop was a young girls' fashion boutique fronted by designer Lee Bender. It was seen as a cheaper alternative to Biba and opened its first shop in Kensington, London. It had 11 stores in total across the UK including Newcaste-Upon-Tyne, Southampton, Bristol and Edinburgh. Citing bad weather leading to a decline in sales, it went into receivership in 1979. [148] (#cite_note-148) C&A (/wiki/C%26A) 1841 2001 Founded in Holland as a textile manufacturer, opening their first shop in Amsterdam in 1906. Opened first UK shop in 1922. Closed UK operations in 2001 due to competition. Still operate in mainland Europe and Latin America. Cable & Co (/w/index.php?title=Cable_%26_Co_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Shoe retailer owned by the British Shoe Corporation. [149] (#cite_note-149) When Sears broke up the corporation during the 1990s, Cable was sold to the United States company Nine West. [150] (#cite_note-150) Calders Menswear (/w/index.php?title=Calders_Menswear&action=edit&redlink=1) Early 20th Century 2013 Menswear shop based in Cardiff. Owned by the father of Sacha Baron Cohen (/wiki/Sacha_Baron_Cohen) along with Barons of Piccadilly in London and Morris Cowan in Newport. The company went into liquidation in December 2013. [111] (#cite_note-auto32-111) Calverts of Runcorn (/w/index.php?title=Calverts_of_Runcorn&action=edit&redlink=1) Fashion & Haberdashery shop based in Runcorn. [151] (#cite_note-151) [152] (#cite_note-152) Camping and Caravanning Centre (/w/index.php?title=Camping_and_Caravanning_Centre&action=edit&redlink=1) 1969 2004 Founded as the Camping & Caravaning Centre in Sheffield, the business began renaming itself Go Outdoors from 2004. [153] (#cite_note-153) Capstick & Hamer (/w/index.php?title=Capstick_%26_Hamer&action=edit&redlink=1) Retailer and manufacturer of Furs based in North Parade, Bradford and Albert Road, Morecambe. [154] (#cite_note-154) Cargo Club (/w/index.php?title=Cargo_Club&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1990s A British version of Costco run by Nurdin & Peacock at 3 sites in Croydon, Birmingham and Bristol. [155] (#cite_note-155) The operation was closed due to lack of membership renewals and shops purchased by Sainsburys. Cash Clothing of Leicester (/w/index.php?title=Cash_Clothing_of_Leicester&action=edit&redlink=1) Men's outfitters that expanded between the 1890s and the WW1. [156] (#cite_note-156) Champion Sports (/w/index.php?title=Champion_Sports&action=edit&redlink=1) 1993 Chain of Sports shops created by Burton Group. [157] (#cite_note-157) Purchased by Cobra Sports in 1993. Chanelle (/wiki/J_J_Allen_(department_store)) Chain of ladies' fashion shops owned by department store group J J Allen. M. Chapman (/wiki/M._Chapman) 19th-century merchant tailors based on the London Road, near the Elephant & Castle, London. [158] (#cite_note-158) Chas.Baker & Co (/w/index.php?title=Chas.Baker_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) 1864 1939 Gentlemen's and boys' outfitters that opened in Seven Sisters in 1864 and expanded across London until the business collapsed in 1939 with the start of the war. [159] (#cite_note-159) [160] (#cite_note-160) Cheapjacks (/w/index.php?title=Cheapjacks_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) National clothing retailer [161] (#cite_note-161) [162] (#cite_note-162) owned by Peter Millett Group, [163] (#cite_note-163) [164] (#cite_note-164) which closed in the 1990s with the collapse of the parent company. The Chelsea Cobbler (/wiki/The_Chelsea_Cobbler) 1967 Opened in Chelsea by Richard Smith, Amanda Wilkins and George Macfarlane. The business slowly expanded with shops opening in the West End and Harrods. In 1976 the business was bought by rival Rayne, who was purchased by Debenhams in 1978. The business was sold on by Burtons in 1987 before becoming part of US group Nine West in 1993. The Chelsea Cobbler brand was relaunched in 2009 by Dune, with three shops opening, however these have since closed or rebranded and the name is only a range sold by Dune. Chelsea Girl (/wiki/River_Island) 1965 1991 Founded by Bernard Lewis under the name Lewis Separates, the business changed name to Chelsea Girl in 1965. In 1988 it merged with its menswear operation Concept Man to form River Island, with all shops rebranded by 1991. Chilli Pepper (/w/index.php?title=Chilli_Pepper_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 Teenage aimed fashion shop which went into administration in 2011. [165] (#cite_note-165) Ciro Citterio (/w/index.php?title=Ciro_Citterio&action=edit&redlink=1) 2005 Menswear chain that purchased rvials Horne Brothers, Oakland Menswear and Dunn & Co, that went into administration several times [166] (#cite_note-166) with the chain finally collapsing in May 2005. [167] (#cite_note-167) Clobber (/w/index.php?title=Clobber_(boutique)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1964 Founded by Jeff Banks in Blackheath and showcased design by Ossie Clark and Mary Quant amongst others, the business expanded by opening concessions within Fenwicks Newcastle shop and supplying Bloomingdales in the United States. Jeff Banks sold the business in 1969 to start his own Fashion Label . [168] (#cite_note-168) Clysdale Rubber Company (/w/index.php?title=Clysdale_Rubber_Company&action=edit&redlink=1) 1870 1930 Founded as a retailer of raincoats, in 1930 William Greaves took over the business and turned it into a multi sports shop operating under the Greaves Sports name. [169] (#cite_note-169) Cobra Sports (/w/index.php?title=Cobra_Sports&action=edit&redlink=1) 2000 Family owned chain that was purchased by JD Sports in 2000. [170] (#cite_note-170) Code (/wiki/Moss_Bros_Group) 2000 2002 Created by Moss Brothers to take on the menswear casual market. Code stood for "Casualwear, Office, Dressing up, and Essentials", [57] (#cite_note-auto28-57) The business took on shops from the Savoy Taylors Guild & Blazer brands, however it failed and was closed down in 2002. Coles (/w/index.php?title=Coles_Menswear_(London)_plc&action=edit&redlink=1) 1946 1993 Chain of menswear shops that was wound up in 1993. [171] (#cite_note-171) [172] (#cite_note-172) John Collier (/wiki/John_Collier_(clothing_retailer)) 1958 1985 Created by United Drapery Shops in 1958 by renaming Fifty Shilling Tailors. Was purchased by Hanson as part of UDS in 1983. A short lived management buyout saw the name changed to plain Collier before being sold on to Burtons in 1985, with the brand being discontinued. Concept Man (/wiki/River_Island) 1982 1991 Concept Man was a menswear operation, the brother of Chelsea Girl and opened in 1982. The business was merged in 1988 to form River Island, with all shops re-branded by 1991. [173] (#cite_note-173) Contessa Lingerie (/w/index.php?title=Contessa_Lingerie&action=edit&redlink=1) 2006 National lingerie change purchased by disgraced finacier Stephen Hinchliffe for his failed business Facia. After the collapse of Facia, Theo Paphitis bought the business in 1996. [174] (#cite_note-174) In 2006 he sold Contessa along with his other underwear firm La Senza UK to Lion Capital, who merged Contessa shops into La Senza. Courtesy Shoes (/wiki/Wynsors_World_of_Shoes) 1956 Courtesy Shoes started as a small trader on market stalls, before moving into shops. in the 1960s the business bought Lees of Leeds and Seftons, small footwear chains based in Yorkshire and changed the operating name to Medina Shoes. Courtesy Shoes continues to be the parent company’s name and currently operates under the Wynsors World of Shoes name. Morris Cowan (/w/index.php?title=Morris_Cowan&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1950s 2012 Men's tailors based in Queen Street, Cardiff & Commercial Street, Newport. Business also owned the London establishment Barons of Piccadilly. [175] (#cite_note-175) R Crabb & Co (/w/index.php?title=R_Crabb_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century merchant tailors and outfitters based in Westminster Bridge Road, London. [176] (#cite_note-176) Crazy Jeans (/w/index.php?title=Crazy_Jeans&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1980s Small jeans chain in Bristol and Bath that based its operation on London business Dickie Dirts. [177] (#cite_note-177) W. Creamer & Co (/w/index.php?title=W._Creamer_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) Furrier that was based in Bold Street, Liverpool. [178] (#cite_note-178) Cresta Shops (/w/index.php?title=Cresta_Shops&action=edit&redlink=1) 1979 Chain of ladieswear shops started by former Berkertex director Eric Crabtree. At one time it had 71 shops and was the largest high-class fashion chain in the world. [179] (#cite_note-auto25-179) Purchased by Debenhams, it was closed as a stand-alone business in 1979. [180] (#cite_note-180) Cripps, Sons & Co (/w/index.php?title=Cripps,_Sons_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) c.19th century c.1970s Ladies' dressmakers based in Bold Street, Liverpool. [181] (#cite_note-181) The building was commissioned by John Cripp in 1860. [182] (#cite_note-182) The business closed down during the early 1970s. [183] (#cite_note-183) Cromwells Madhouse (/w/index.php?title=Cromwells_Madhouse&action=edit&redlink=1) / Madhouse 1971 [184] (#cite_note-184) 2012 Founded in 1971, the jeans retailer expanded by the millennium to 56 shops in the South East and the Midlands. [185] (#cite_note-185) In 2004 the business was bailed out by Sports Direct, who sold the business onto Melvyn Reiss and Stephen Mucklow. [ citation needed ] They put the business into administration in 2009, buying the business back in a pre-packed deal. The name was changed to just Madhouse, but it went into administration again in 2012. [186] (#cite_note-186) John Cruickshank & Co. (/w/index.php?title=John_Cruickshank_%26_Co.&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century outfitters based in Shaftesbury Avenue, London. [187] (#cite_note-187) Cult Clothing (/wiki/Superdry) 1985 2004 Founded by Ian Hibbs and Julian Dunkerton in Cheltenham, the business expanded during the 1990s in a number of UK university towns and cities. The business opened its first Superdry shop in Covent garden in 2004, and all Cult Clothing shops were renamed. Curtess Shoes (/w/index.php?title=Curtess_Shoes&action=edit&redlink=1) 1997 Founded by Harry Levison, the business was purchased by Freeman, Hardy Willis in 1954 [188] (#cite_note-auto20-188) Fortress was renamed to Curtess Shoes by Levison, who was given management of the British Shoe Corporation by Charles Clore. In 1996 Sears sold Curtess to entrepreneur Stephen Hinchliffe and his business Facia. [189] (#cite_note-auto27-189) A year later the business collapsed along with the rest of Hinchliffe's business empire. d2 Jeans (/w/index.php?title=D2_Jeans&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 Men's and ladies' fashion shop started by Sir Tom Hunter. Went into administration twice, in 2009 and 2011. [190] (#cite_note-190) 20 shops were purchased in 2011 by Blue Inc. Damart (/wiki/Damart) 1953 Founded in France as a manufacturer of thermal clothing, the UK retail operations have now closed with only online sales now available to UK customers. Dandie Fashions (/wiki/Dandie_Fashions) 1966 1968 Dandie Fashions opened its shop at 161 King's Road, Chelsea in October 1966. In 1968 The Beatles invested in Dandie renaming it Apple Tailoring. Dapper Women (/w/index.php?title=Dapper_Women&action=edit&redlink=1) 2011 Designer boutique based in St Nicholas Street and Huntriss Row, Scarborough that closed in 2011. [191] (#cite_note-191) Dash (/w/index.php?title=Dash_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1982 Fashion brand started in 1982, which at one time operated shops and concessions across the UK. [192] (#cite_note-192) Geoffrey Davis (/w/index.php?title=Geoffrey_Davis_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Small menswear shop in Golders Green, London which was owned by David Gold, of Carnaby Street Lord John fame. [193] (#cite_note-auto18-193) Dorothy Dearnaley (/w/index.php?title=Dorothy_Dearnaley&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' clothing shop that was located on Newport Street, Bolton. [194] (#cite_note-194) Designer Rooms (/w/index.php?title=Designer_Rooms&action=edit&redlink=1) 2010 Ladies' fashion brand with 10 shops put into liquidation in 2010. [195] (#cite_note-195) Dickie Dirts (/w/index.php?title=Dickie_Dirts&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1970s Founded in an old cinema in Fulham by Nigel Wright, [196] (#cite_note-196) the jeans retailer started the parallel importing business in the UK. The business expanded to have shops in Camberwell, [197] (#cite_note-197) Westbourne Grove, [198] (#cite_note-198) and Stratford. [199] (#cite_note-199) Discount Shoe Zone (/w/index.php?title=Discount_Shoe_Zone&action=edit&redlink=1) 1917 2001 Founded as Bensonshoe in 1917, the business changed its name to Discount Shoe Zone in 1996. [127] (#cite_note-auto3-127) The business changed its name again in 2001 to Shoe Zone. Dixon Sports (/w/index.php?title=Dixon_Sports_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) 2002 North East Based sports retailer who went into liquidation in 2002, with 6 of the shop being purchased by Gilesports, including its shop in the Gateshead Metro Centre. [200] (#cite_note-200) [201] (#cite_note-201) George Doland (/wiki/George_Doland) Chain of tailor shops established in the South West of London, which grew into a National Chain. [202] (#cite_note-auto34-202) Dolcis Shoes (/wiki/Dolcis_Shoes) 1863 2008 The company began life on a street barrow in 1863 when John Upson started to sell his shoes on Woolwich Town Market, opening its first shop in Woolwich as the Great Boot Provider. Dolcis name appeared above the door during the 1920s. Owned by Sears since the 1950s, the business was sold off by them in 1998. Went into administration in 2008. Dormie (/wiki/Moss_Bros_Group) Menswear retailer purchased by Moss Bros in 1992. Dunn & Co. (/wiki/Dunn_%26_Co.) 1887 1996 Dunn & Co. was founded in 1887 by George Arthur Dunn, a Quaker, who started by selling hats on the streets of Birmingham. In 1991 the business was in trouble and sold to Hodges, but in 1994 a majority stake was sold to venture capitalists CinVen. This was short lived and in 1996 the business was purchased by Citto Citterio. Kenneth Durward (/w/index.php?title=Kenneth_Durward&action=edit&redlink=1) Coat shop based in Conduit Street, London. [203] (#cite_note-203) [204] (#cite_note-204) Became part of the Aquascutum group. [205] (#cite_note-205) Easiephit (/w/index.php?title=Easiephit&action=edit&redlink=1) Retail name of Greenlees & Sons, a shoe manufacturer based in Leicester. [206] (#cite_note-206) Peter Eastwood (/w/index.php?title=Peter_Eastwood_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Men's outfitters based in 61 Vicar Lane, Leeds. [207] (#cite_note-207) J Edwards & Sons (/w/index.php?title=J_Edwards_%26_Sons&action=edit&redlink=1) 1830 2015 Footwear shop located in Deansgate, Manchester as well as Guildhall Street, Preston (previously R. Jamieson). [208] (#cite_note-208) Business closed suddenly in 2015 with no explanation. [209] (#cite_note-209) In its latter years it was associated with the firm Christmas & Clemence of Bolton and Southport Eisenegger (/w/index.php?title=Eisenegger&action=edit&redlink=1) 2005 Discount men's fashion shop started c.1990s. Went into administration in 2005 and closed. [210] (#cite_note-210) Elangol (/w/index.php?title=Elangol&action=edit&redlink=1) Chain of 160 shops which has Eastex shops within them. [128] (#cite_note-auto16-128) Elisabeth of Colne (/w/index.php?title=Elisabeth_of_Colne&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' boutique based in Colne, Lancashire during the 1950s. [211] (#cite_note-211) Enoch Edge (/w/index.php?title=Enoch_Edge_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Shoe shop based in King Street, Lancaster during the 1950s, with the grand title of Shoe Fitters. [212] (#cite_note-212) Envy (/w/index.php?title=Envy_(Retail)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1960 2010 Founded in 1960, the menswear chain was purchased by John Kinnaird (/w/index.php?title=John_Kinnaird&action=edit&redlink=1) from Alexon Retail in February 2008, before he completed a pre-package deal with his new vehicle Envy Retail Ltd in Dec 2008. [213] (#cite_note-213) In 2010 John Kinnaird sold the business to a consortium of private equity investors including the boss of SKG Capital, Chris Althorp-Gormlay, however the business was put into administration a month later and all 18 shops were closed. [214] (#cite_note-214) Etam (/wiki/Etam_UK) 1916 2005 Founded by Max Lindemann in 1916, [ citation needed ] the UK and French Etams were separate companies until the French Etam Developpement purchased Etam UK from Stanley Lewis and his family for £97m in 1997. Purchased by Philip Green's Arcadia group, with shops converted to Arcadia brands or closed. [215] (#cite_note-215) Since 2011 the Etam brand has returned to the UK. Faith (/wiki/Faith_(shoe_retailer)) 1964 2010 Started by Samuel Faith and his wife, the business grew to 72 stand alone shops and separate concessions in many of Britains department store chains. In 2004 the Faith family sold the business to Bridgepoint Capital, but entered administration in 2008 before being purchased by John Kinnaird. The business again entered administration in 2010, with all shops closing. Debenhams bought the Faith brand and all the 115 concessions within their shops. The Famous Brunswick Warehouse (/w/index.php?title=The_Famous_Brunswick_Warehouse&action=edit&redlink=1) 2003 Brand name of a chain of shoe warehouses operated by North Shoes. The business was purchased by Brown & Jackson, the owners of Poundstretcher in 1999, [216] (#cite_note-216) before all 27 shops becoming part of Brantano in 2003. [217] (#cite_note-217) Famous Army Stores (/wiki/Famous_Army_Stores) 1981 2002 Outdoor clothing and camping equipment shops based in Garston, Liverpool, UK. After a management buyout in 1996, rapidly grew from 100 to 200 shops before going into administration in 2002. 47 shops were purchased by Blacks Leisure but the name was discontinued. [218] (#cite_note-218) John Farmer (/w/index.php?title=John_Farmer_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1980s Family owned footwear multiple which was bought by UDS in 1982. [219] (#cite_note-auto4-219) Hanson sold the near 100 strong chain to Clarks during the breakup of UDS. [101] (#cite_note-auto9-101) In the late 1980s the brand was incorporated into Clarks and shops were re-branded or closed. [220] (#cite_note-220) Fenchurch (/wiki/Fenchurch_(clothing)) 2000 2011 Started as a clothing brand. In 2005 the brand opened its first shop in Covent Garden, London. In 2011 the business went into administration, and the business was purchased by JD Sports. Harry Fenton (/w/index.php?title=Harry_Fenton_(tailor)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1984 Men's tailors chain, loved by the mods in the 1960s. [221] (#cite_note-auto26-221) In 1980 footballer Kevin Keegan fronted the advertising campaign for the chain. [222] (#cite_note-222) The business was sold by its owner, Combined English Shops in 1984 to the Burton Group who converted or closed shops. [223] (#cite_note-223) Fifty Shilling Tailors (/wiki/Fifty_Shilling_Tailors) 1905 Founded in Leeds by Henry Price of Price Tailors Ltd. Business had over 399 shop in the UK. Was purchased by United Drapery Shops in 1954 [81] (#cite_note-auto6-81) and the shop was rebranded John Collier. First Sport (/w/index.php?title=First_Sport&action=edit&redlink=1) 1988 2002 Chain of 187 sports shops [224] (#cite_note-224) created by Blacks Leisure by merging its purchased sports shops. [225] (#cite_note-auto21-225) It was purchased by JD Sports (/wiki/JD_Sports) in 2002. E Fletcher of Rochdale (/w/index.php?title=E_Fletcher_of_Rochdale&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' outfitters based in Rochdale during the 1950s. [226] (#cite_note-226) Flip (/w/index.php?title=Flip_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1970s 1985 Importer of American vintage clothing that operated three shops in London – Convent Garden, Kings Road and Shoeditch. Closed in 1985. [227] (#cite_note-227) Martin Ford (/w/index.php?title=Martin_Ford_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' clothing retailer that operated during 60s and 70s [228] (#cite_note-228) [229] (#cite_note-229) Fortress Shoe Company (/w/index.php?title=Fortress_Shoe_Company&action=edit&redlink=1) Founded by Harry Levison, the business was purchased by Freeman, Hardy Willis in 1954 [188] (#cite_note-auto20-188) Fortress was renamed to Curtess Shoes by Levison, who was given management of the British Shoe Corporation by Charles Clore. In 1996 Sears sold Curtess Shoes to entrepreneur Stephen Hinchliffe and his business Facia. [189] (#cite_note-auto27-189) A year later the business collapsed along with the rest of Hinchliffe's business empire. Foster Brothers (/w/index.php?title=Foster_Brothers&action=edit&redlink=1) 1876 [230] (#cite_note-230) 1998 Founded in Birmingham in 1876 as Foster Brothers Clothing company. Purchased Adams Childrenswear in 1973. Firm sold to Sears plc in 1983. Name changed to Fosters Trading Company. Sold by Sears to d2 Jeans in 1998. Freeman, Hardy and Willis (/wiki/Freeman,_Hardy_and_Willis) 1875 1997 The shoe retailer was established in 1875 and was named after three employees of the company. In 1929 it was purchased by Sears and became part of its subsidiary the British Shoe Corporation. In 1996 the British Shoe Corporation converted half of the 540 FHM branches into Hush Puppies, selling the remaining off to an entrepreneur Stephen Hinchliffe and his business Facia. [189] (#cite_note-auto27-189) A year later the business collapsed along with the rest of Hinchliffe's business empire. Herbie Frogg (/w/index.php?title=Herbie_Frogg&action=edit&redlink=1) 1969 Men's Tailors opened in 1969 and were based in Jermyn Street, London. [231] (#cite_note-231) [232] (#cite_note-232) Frontier Shoes (/w/index.php?title=Frontier_Shoes&action=edit&redlink=1) 2003 Founded by former Famous Brunswick and Cobra Sports boss Mark Blackburn in 2003, the shoe shop chain had at its height five shops. [233] (#cite_note-233) In 2007 Mark Blackburn sold the business to Mark Turner, however the shops have since closed. Furmans Shoes (/w/index.php?title=Furmans_Shoes&action=edit&redlink=1) Northern based chain of shoe shops. Gamlen Brothers (/w/index.php?title=Gamlen_Brothers&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century outfitters based in Devonport, Devon. [234] (#cite_note-234) Gardiner & Co. (/w/index.php?title=Gardiner_%26_Co.&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century men's outfitters based in Commercial Road and Whitechapel, London. [235] (#cite_note-235) Cecil Gee (/w/index.php?title=Cecil_Gee_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1929 2012 Founded in 1929 by Cecil Gee as a menswear retailer, [135] (#cite_note-auto41-135) the business merged with Moss Brothers in 1988. [236] (#cite_note-236) In 2012 Moss Brothers sold the remaining eight shops to JD Sports for £1.7 million. [237] (#cite_note-237) JD Sports renamed the shops under the Tessuti brand later in 2012. [63] (#cite_note-auto29-63) Gelert (/wiki/Gelert_(company)) 1970 2013 Founded in Bryncir in Gwynedd, the outdoor clothing and camping business was named the dog Gelert of Prince Llywelyn the Great, who was Prince of Gwynedd. The business went into administration in 2013 and was purchased by Sports Direct (/wiki/Sports_Direct) . It now operates as a brand only within the Sports Direct empire. General Clothing Shops (/w/index.php?title=General_Clothing_Shops&action=edit&redlink=1) 2001 Cornish clothing shop originally based in Penzance and purchased by the Chadwick family during the 1970s.The Chadwick family changed the business name to Seasalt in 2001. [238] (#cite_note-auto8-238) Genesis (/w/index.php?title=Genesis_(clothing)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1990 1992 Ladies' casual wear chain started by Berkertex, which was incorporated into Windsmoor by Bairds after they purchased the brand out of administration in 1992. [130] (#cite_note-auto24-130) Ghinns Ltd (/wiki/M%26Co.) 1889 Founded in 1889 as a drapery shop in Peckham Rye. [239] (#cite_note-239) Became incorporated in 1933. Operated as Ghinns Wools – a wool and ladieswear shop. Purchased by McGeochs in 1970. [240] (#cite_note-240) Gilesports (/w/index.php?title=Gilesports&action=edit&redlink=1) 1925 2006 Founded by Henry C Giles in 1925, and expanded to cover shops across Wales, the South West and the Midlands. In 2002 Gilesport bought 6 shops of Dixon Sports based in the North East. [241] (#cite_note-241) In 2006 the 80 shop chain was purchased by Sports World International for a deal worth £10m. [242] (#cite_note-242) Gio-Goi (/w/index.php?title=Gio-Goi&action=edit&redlink=1) 2005 2013 Founded as a fashion brand in 1988, the business closed due to a legal challenge by Giorgio Armani over the name. The name was relaunced in 2005, with Pentland group buying 20 per cent in 2008. The first retail shop was opened in Union Square, Aberdeen in 2010. The business went into administration in 2013 and was purchased by JD Sports, where it became a brand only. Glass and Black (/wiki/Kiki_Byrne) c.1960s c.1960s Founded by fashion designer Kiki Byrne, initially in Sloane Square, London before moving to Kings Road. During the mid-1960s the business shut after its purchase by Jaegar. Goldrange (/w/index.php?title=Goldrange&action=edit&redlink=1) 1970s Factory outlet shop in Petticoat Lane founded by Warren & David Gold of Lord John (Carnaby Street) fame. Replaced by The Big Red Building. [243] (#cite_note-auto44-243) Granditer Menswear (/w/index.php?title=Granditer_Menswear&action=edit&redlink=1) 1910 1992 Founded by Morris Granditer as a small tailoring shop in Canning Town, London. By the 1970s the menswear name had been dropped and shops selling men's fashion had opened up across London. In 1992 the name was changed to Base. [244] (#cite_note-244) Granny Takes a Trip (/wiki/Granny_Takes_a_Trip) 1966 1979 Granny Takes a Trip was a boutique opened in February 1966 at 488 Kings Road, Chelsea, London, by Nigel Waymouth, his girlfriend Sheila Cohen and John Pearse.In late 1969, Cohen and Waymouth sold the business to London fashion entrepreneur Freddie Hornik, who had previously worked at Chelsea's Dandie Fashions. Shops were open in New York & Los Angeles. The London shop closed in 1979. Great Eastern Clothing Depot (/w/index.php?title=Great_Eastern_Clothing_Depot&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century outfitters and tailors run by James Peters from Shoreditch, London. [245] (#cite_note-245) Griffith Brothers (/w/index.php?title=Griffith_Brothers&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1890s c.1930s Menswear outfitters started in the 19th century in Brentford, and had 22 branches by 1928. [246] (#cite_note-246) J. H. Grimwade & Sons (/w/index.php?title=J._H._Grimwade_%26_Sons&action=edit&redlink=1) Ipswich Tailors located on The Cornhills and was an agent for Jaegar. [247] (#cite_note-auto40-247) Edward Grove (/wiki/Edward_Grove) 19th-century tailors based in Lower Marsh, Lambeth, London. [248] (#cite_note-248) Hammells (/w/index.php?title=Hammells_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' retailer of the 1970s and 80s that specialised in larger sizes Hanan-Gingell Shoe Company (/w/index.php?title=Hanan-Gingell_Shoe_Company&action=edit&redlink=1) 1888 The retail arm of the Hanan Shoe Company, which opened in 1888 [249] (#cite_note-249) and was based at 328–332 Oxford Street, London. [250] (#cite_note-250) [251] (#cite_note-251) C.J. Hardy and Co (/w/index.php?title=C.J._Hardy_and_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) Outfitters based in Boar Lane, Leeds during the 1930s. [252] (#cite_note-252) Hargreaves Sports (/w/index.php?title=Hargreaves_Sports_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Sports shop group based in South East that was purchased by Sports Direct. Hartley (/wiki/Bonmarch%C3%A9) Retail chain based in north of England purchased by Parkash Singh Chima along with Wiltex to form Bonmarché. Ann Harvey (/wiki/Alexon) 2011 Chain of shops and concessions selling plus sized ladies' clothing. In 2011 owner Jacques Vert closed the retail business and concentrated on concessions, [253] (#cite_note-253) before closing the business completely in 2013. [254] (#cite_note-254) The name was revived by Bonmarche as a range within their shops in 2014 Hawes & Sons (/w/index.php?title=Hawes_%26_Sons&action=edit&redlink=1) Ipswich clothing shop based in Tacket Street prior to the widening of the road. [247] (#cite_note-auto40-247) C. Hayman (/w/index.php?title=C._Hayman&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1852 Ladies' and girls' 19th-century dressmakers based in Newington Causeway, London. [255] (#cite_note-255) Alan Hayton Boy's Shop (/w/index.php?title=Alan_Hayton_Boy%27s_Shop&action=edit&redlink=1) Boys' outfitters based at 115 Deansgate, Bolton. [256] (#cite_note-256) The business was struck of the companies register in 1975. [257] (#cite_note-257) Elizabeth Hebden (/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Hebden_Ltd&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladieswear shop which was based in Manchester Road, Nelson. [258] (#cite_note-258) Henderson Sports (/w/index.php?title=Henderson_Sports&action=edit&redlink=1) Chain of sport shops purchased by J M Millets during the 1970s. [259] (#cite_note-auto7-259) Henri Gowns (/w/index.php?title=Henri_Gowns&action=edit&redlink=1) 1975 Gown manufacturer that retailed their wares from a showroomm at 39/42 New Bond Street, London [260] (#cite_note-260) and was wound up in 1975. [261] (#cite_note-261) Joseph Hepworth & Son (/wiki/Joseph_Hepworth_(tailor)) 1864 1984 Founded in Leeds by Joseph Hepworth & James Rhodes and became Britain's largest clothing manufacturer. Started selling from retail shops in the 1880s. Purchased Kendall & Sons in 1982, and in 1983 relaunched Kendalls under the Next brand. In 1984 all Hepworth shops were rebranded Next. Higgs Leather (/w/index.php?title=Higgs_Leather&action=edit&redlink=1) 1934 2017 Founded by James William Higgs in London, the business was moved to Westcliff on Sea (/wiki/Westcliff_on_Sea) before opening in Southend on Sea (/wiki/Southend_on_Sea) in 1969. Announced that the shop would close in 2017, however they would continue to operate online. [262] (#cite_note-262) Hilton Shoes (/w/index.php?title=Hilton_Shoes&action=edit&redlink=1) Founded by Stephen Hilton as a manufacturer and retailer in Leicester, by 1892 he had 40 shops. [263] (#cite_note-263) The business was purchased by Olivers and incorporated into the Oliver group. [264] (#cite_note-264) T. Hinde & Son (/w/index.php?title=T._Hinde_%26_Son&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' show shop based in Manchester and Liverpool [265] (#cite_note-265) Hipps (/w/index.php?title=Hipps_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1900 c.1970s Founded in Leeds in the early 1900s, by 1914 it had 70 shops nationwide selling menswear. By 1932 it had 100 shops and was the fourth largest of the multiple tailors. In 1960 was purchased by Headrow Clothes, a rival manufacturer, who in turn was purchased by Great Universal S in 1962. Hipps was run as an independent group within Great Universal until its closure during the early 1970s. [81] (#cite_note-auto6-81) Hodges & Sons (/w/index.php?title=Hodges_%26_Sons&action=edit&redlink=1) c.19th century 1994 Founded in South Wales as a tailors. [266] (#cite_note-266) In 1991 purchased national chain Dunn & Co however this was short lived and in 1994 the business was sold to venture capitalists CinVen, [267] (#cite_note-267) Published 1996-12-20; Retrieved 2011-11-18</ref> with Hodges shops being rebranded under the Dunn name. Holbourne (Fashions) Ltd (/w/index.php?title=Holbourne_(Fashions)_Ltd&action=edit&redlink=1) 1940 Ladies' outfitters based in Old Bond Street & High Holborn, London, as well as shops in Plymouth and Portsmouth. [268] (#cite_note-268) The business was wound up in 1940. [269] (#cite_note-269) Hope Brothers (/w/index.php?title=Hope_Brothers&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1970s Founded by Thomas Peacock as a shirt manufacturer in Littleport (/wiki/Littleport,_Cambridgeshire) . The business expanded becoming a multiple tailor, [270] (#cite_note-270) purchasing high end London chain Howard Powe in 1954. [271] (#cite_note-271) The business was purchased by Great Universal Stores during the 1950s and was converted into the Just Pants Plus business during the 1970s. Horne Brothers (/w/index.php?title=Horne_Brothers&action=edit&redlink=1) 1886 2011 Founded in London as a tailors, it had by 1938 15 branches [272] (#cite_note-272) and a factory at 45–65 King Edward Road in Cambridge Heath, London. In 1987 the business was purchased by Sears. [273] (#cite_note-273) However, in the 1990s it was sold to Ciro Citterio, whom went into administration in the early 2000s. The business was purchased by several owners, however finally closed with 37 branches in 2011. [274] (#cite_note-274) House (/w/index.php?title=Cromwells_Madhouse&action=edit&redlink=1) Brand created by Cromwells Madhouse to sell more upmarket clothing. [275] (#cite_note-275) House of Holland (/w/index.php?title=House_of_Holland_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1980s South of England-based discount department store went into administration late 80s. [276] (#cite_note-276) Howard Sports (/w/index.php?title=Howard_Sports&action=edit&redlink=1) Chain of 11 north west based sport shops [225] (#cite_note-auto21-225) purchased by JJB from Blacks Leisure in 1988. Part of the deal saw Alpine Sports go to Blacks. [277] (#cite_note-277) Thomas Howell (/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Howell_(outfitters)&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century ladies' outfitters based in Kennington Cross, London [278] (#cite_note-278) Howies (/wiki/Howies) 1995 2011 Founded in Wales as a manufacturer of eco-friendly clothing, the business operated a shop in Carnaby Street until December 2011. Continues to operate as a manufacturer. Hung on You (/wiki/Hung_on_You) c.1960s 1966 Hung on You was a London fashion boutique, run by the designer Michael Rainey, particularly known for flowery shirts and kipper ties in bold colours. Rainey's customers included the Rolling Stones, the Beatles, the Kinks and the actor Terence Stamp. The business closed in 1966 when the lease was sold. Hunt & Winterbotham (/w/index.php?title=Hunt_%26_Winterbotham&action=edit&redlink=1) Woollen clothing manufacturer that started in c.1800, [279] (#cite_note-279) and opened its own boutique in Old Bond Street, London. [280] (#cite_note-280) Benjamin Hyam & Co (/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Hyam_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) Clothing manufacturer and outfitter that was based in Oxford Street, London [281] (#cite_note-281) with branches in Birmingham, Wolverhampton, Leeds [282] (#cite_note-282) and Dewsbury. David Lewis, who started Lewis department store did his apprenticeship with Hyams. [283] (#cite_note-283) I Was Lord Kitchener's Valet (/wiki/I_Was_Lord_Kitchener%27s_Valet) 1966 1977 Founded by Ian Fisk and John Paul at 293 Portobello Road, Notting Hill, London. Among the shop's customers were Eric Clapton, Mick Jagger John Lennon and Jimi Hendrix. Further shops opened in Carnaby Streer, Piccadilly and Kings Road during 1967. Partnership dissolved in summer 1967, and Portebello Road shop became Injun Dog head-shop. Last I Was Lord Kitchener's Valet shop closed in 1977. The International Fur Shop (/w/index.php?title=The_International_Fur_Shop&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th century furriers based at 163 & 198 Regents Street, London. [284] (#cite_note-284) Internacionale (/wiki/Internacionale) 1980 2014 Founded as a retail business in 1980 by Ken Cairnduff, the business grew into the name Internacionale. Went into administration for a third time in 2014 and closed. The name was purchased by Edinburgh Woollen Mills. Ipswich Boot & Shoe Warehouse (/w/index.php?title=Ipswich_Boot_%26_Shoe_Warehouse&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th century retailer, with branches in Chelmsford and Halstead. [285] (#cite_note-285) [286] (#cite_note-286) Italian Suit Company (/w/index.php?title=Italian_Suit_Company&action=edit&redlink=1) 2014 Formal menswear retail chain that went into liquidation in 2014. [287] (#cite_note-287) The Ivy Shop (/w/index.php?title=The_Ivy_Shop&action=edit&redlink=1) 1965 1995 Founded in Richmond, London by John Simmons, the man who is widely recognised as coining the term Harrington for the Baracuta G9 jacket, [243] (#cite_note-auto44-243) The shop closed in January 1995 after being known as the home of Ivy League college boy look. [288] (#cite_note-288) Edmund Jackson (/w/index.php?title=Edmund_Jackson_(menswear)&action=edit&redlink=1) Menswear retailer that was based in the Market buildings in Vicar Lane, Leeds. [289] (#cite_note-289) Jackson the Tailor (/w/index.php?title=Jackson_the_Tailor&action=edit&redlink=1) 1906 c.1970s Founded in 1906 by M. Jackson in Newcastle as a manufacturer of menswear and branched out into retail. [81] (#cite_note-auto6-81) Merged with larger rival Burtons in 1954. At one time it had 550 shops across the UK. [290] (#cite_note-290) The shops were integrated into Burtons during the 1970s. [291] (#cite_note-291) Jonathan James (/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_James_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1973 2012 Mansfield based shoe retailer that closed its branches in December 2012. [292] (#cite_note-292) R. Jamieson (/w/index.php?title=R._Jamieson&action=edit&redlink=1) Footwear retailer based in Guildhall Street, Preston taken over by J. Edwards & Sons. [293] (#cite_note-293) Jaymax (/w/index.php?title=Jaymax_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Northern clothing chain with nine shops founded by John Hargreaves, who later went on to create Matalan. [ citation needed ] Jays (/w/index.php?title=Jays_(retailers)&action=edit&redlink=1) Clothing retailer owned by Great Universal Stores. [294] (#cite_note-auto36-294) Jean Jeanie (/w/index.php?title=Jean_Jeanie_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Chain of 65 shops saved by Sir Philip Green in 1985 for £65,000. Six months later he sold the business to Lee Cooper for £3m. [295] (#cite_note-295) Jean Junction (/w/index.php?title=Jean_Junction&action=edit&redlink=1) Founded in 1971 by Thomas Lonsdale on the corner of Kings Road and Chelsea Manor Street, London. Lonsdale bought jeans over from California, against the wishes of local wholesalers. [296] (#cite_note-296) The shop expanded into the UK's first chain of denimwear shops. [297] (#cite_note-297) JJB Sports (/wiki/JJB_Sports) c.1900 2009 The original JJB sports shop was established by John Jarvis Broughton in the early 1900s and later was purchased by John Joseph Bradburn. It was expanded and incorporated in 1971, when ex-footballer and supermarket chain operator Dave Whelan acquired a single sports shop in Wigan and immediately opened a second sports goods outlet in his Sutton, St Helens, supermarket. In 1994 the business was floated, and in 1998 it bought its rival Sports Division. By 2005 the business had 430 shops, and in 2007 Dave Whelan sold his last shares to Icelandic financial group Exista and Chris Ronnie (/wiki/Chris_Ronnie) . In 2009 the business was put into administration and closed. Johnsons (/w/index.php?title=Johnsons_(Boutique)&action=edit&redlink=1) Men's boutique based in Kensington and World's End. [298] (#cite_note-298) Johnsons the Modern Outfitter (/wiki/Lloyd_Johnson_(fashion_retailer)) 1978 2000 Boutique clothing shop founded by Lloyd Johnson. J Jones (/w/index.php?title=J_Jones_(costumier)&action=edit&redlink=1) Costumier and furrier based that was based in Boar Lane, Leeds. [299] (#cite_note-299) Just Add Water (/w/index.php?title=Just_Add_Water_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Chain of ten outdoor clothing shops purchased by Blacks (/wiki/Blacks_Outdoor_Retail) in 2003 Just Jeans (/wiki/Republic_(retailer)) 1985 1998 Founded in 1985 as Just Jeans, after 1990 the name changed to Best Jeanswear. The Republic brand was launched in 1998. Just Pants Plus (/w/index.php?title=Just_Pants_Plus&action=edit&redlink=1) 1970s Chain created by Great Universal Stores by rebranding several of their traditional chains, including Hope Brothers. [300] (#cite_note-300) [301] (#cite_note-301) K Shoes (/w/index.php?title=K_Shoes&action=edit&redlink=1) 1842 c.1990s Founded by Robert Miller Somervell as a shoemaking accessories merchant and leather factory in Kendall, Cumbria, the business grew into a manufacturing company called Somervell Brothers in 1848. The K brand was created as uppers and soles were being put together at home by workers, who some had been subsidising materials. Because of this each sole was marked, but instead of S for sole, someone picked up the K stamp. During the 1930s the company took on several failing retail agents, but it was not until the purchase and splitting up of Abbotts in 1937, did the K Shoe Shop appear. By 1980 the business had 230 branches in the UK, and agreed to a merger with Clarks in 1981 to starve off a takeover from another company. During the 1990s the K Shoe Shop brand was closed down due to tightening financial worries. [302] (#cite_note-302) Karrimor (/wiki/Mountain_Warehouse) 1997 1999 Started as the retail arm of outdoor clothing firm Karrimor International. When Karrimor International was sold by its owners 21 Invest in 1999, the retail firm was retained and renamed Mountain Warehouse. Keevan (/w/index.php?title=Keevans_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Men's outfitters based in London, with the shop famously being in the background of the Kinks' "Come Dance with Me" video filmed at Hornsey Street, London in 1983. Kendall & Sons Ltd (/wiki/Kendall_%26_Sons_Ltd) 1870 1983 Started in 1870 as an umbrella manufacturer, before moving into rainwear and ladies' clothing ranges in the 20th century. Purchased by Combined English Shops in 1977, and sold to Joseph Hepworth & Son in 1982. Rebranded and relaunched as Next in 1983. King, Malcolm & Co (/w/index.php?title=King,_Malcolm_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) Retailer and manufacturer of Waders and Waterproof coats in Victorian Britain, based in Leicester Square, London. [303] (#cite_note-303) Kookai (/wiki/Kookai) 1983 2013 Started as a fashion label in France. UK franchise (owned by Forminster) went into administration in 2006 with 25 shops and 30 concessions. [304] (#cite_note-304) Was bought by Kookai's parent company Groupe Vivarte. In 2013 the parent company decided to close its UK business. [305] (#cite_note-305) J. B. Ladbury (/w/index.php?title=J._B._Ladbury&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century ladies' costumier based in Borough and Islington, London. [306] (#cite_note-306) Lady Jane (/wiki/Lady_Jane_(boutique)) 1966 First ladies' fashion boutique opened in Carnaby Street. [221] (#cite_note-auto26-221) John Laing (/w/index.php?title=John_Laing_(menswear)&action=edit&redlink=1) Menswear chain based in the north of England. [307] (#cite_note-307) John Laing & Co (/w/index.php?title=John_Laing_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) Dumfries and Carlisle-based chain of footwear shops. [308] (#cite_note-308) Lane & Robinson (/w/index.php?title=Lane_%26_Robinson&action=edit&redlink=1) A shoe shop based in Whiteladies Road, Bristol which was purchased by Clarks in 1935. [309] (#cite_note-309) Lavand (/w/index.php?title=Lavand_(clothing)&action=edit&redlink=1) 2008 Spanish clothing brand that opened its first UK shop in London in 2013. [310] (#cite_note-310) Business now operates online in the UK. George H. Lavey & Company (/w/index.php?title=George_H._Lavey_%26_Company&action=edit&redlink=1) 1882 Men's tailors founded in 1882. [311] (#cite_note-311) Bought by A. C. Millett & Co (Millets) in 1964. [312] (#cite_note-312) LD Mountain Centre (/wiki/Berghaus) 1966 Founded by Peter Lockey and Gordon Davison as LD Mountain Centre in Newcastle upon Tyne. In 1972 they launched their own brand of clothing called Berghaus to sell in their shop. In 1993 Pentland Group purchased the business. Le Pop (/w/index.php?title=Le_Pop_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1980s ladies' retailer. [313] (#cite_note-313) Lee Brothers (Overwear) Ltd (/w/index.php?title=Lee_Brothers_(Overwear)_Ltd&action=edit&redlink=1) 1950s ladies' outfitters based in Conduit Street, London. [314] (#cite_note-314) Lees of Leeds (/wiki/Wynsors_World_of_Shoes) Small chain of footwear shops located in Leeds area, purchased by Courtesy Shoes in the 1960s and rebranded under the Medina Shoes brand. Lewis & Co (/wiki/Lewis_%26_Co) 19th-century ladies' costumiers based in Westminster Bridge Road, London and Croydon. [315] (#cite_note-315) Lewis Separates (/wiki/River_Island) 1947 1965 Founded by Bernard Lewis under the name Lewis Separates, the business changed name to Chelsea Girl in 1965. In 1988 it merged with its menswear operation Concept Man to form River Island, with all shops being re-branded by 1991. Lilley & Skinner (/wiki/Lilley_%26_Skinner) 1835 2008 Thomas Lilley opened his first shoe shop in Southwark, London in 1835. [316] (#cite_note-316) In 1881 William Banks Skinner joined the firm and the business name changed to Lilley & Skinner. In 1953 the business merged with rival the Saxone Shoe Company, however the business was purchased by Sears owned British Shoe Corporation in 1962. During the 1990s Sears broke up and sold off the shoe brands it owned, with Lilley & Skinner being purchased by Stead & Simpson. However Stead & Simpson went into administration in 2008 [317] (#cite_note-317) and was purchased by Shoe Zone which converted shops to their branding or closed them. Littlewoods (/wiki/Littlewoods) 1932 2005 Founded as a football pools company in 1923 by John Moores, the business expanded into mail order retailing in 1932. The first shop opened in 1937. By 1982 the business was the largest private company in Europe, [318] (#cite_note-318) and one time was the largest family owned firm in the UK. [319] (#cite_note-319) In 2002 the retail business was sold by the Moores family to David & Frederick Barclay for £750m. In 2005 the 119 shops were closed, with 40 sold to Primark owner ABF. Cyril Livingston (/w/index.php?title=Cyril_Livingston_(ladieswear)&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladiewear retailer of the 1970s based in Briggate, Leeds. [100] (#cite_note-auto42-100) The London Corset Company (/w/index.php?title=The_London_Corset_Company&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th and early 20th century corset maker based at 28 New Bond Street, London. [320] (#cite_note-320) Lord John (/wiki/Lord_John) 1963 Founded in Carnarby Street by brothers, Warren, Harold and David Gold. The men's fashion boutique sold clothes that were designed for the "mods" of the era. [193] (#cite_note-auto18-193) The business went on to grow to 30 shops before being sold off. [243] (#cite_note-auto44-243) Peter Lord (/wiki/C._%26_J._Clark) 1937 c.1990s Clarks renamed the Abbotts chain of shoe shops based in London, creating the name Peter Lord not to scare their agents. Name continued to be used until the 1990s. Lotus Shoes (/w/index.php?title=Lotus_Ltd&action=edit&redlink=1) 1903 Founded as shoe manufacturer by parent company Edwin Bostock & Co. Ltd., the business outgrew its parent, and with the merger of Edwin and Frederick Bostock's business' they used the Lotus Ltd name for the company. [321] (#cite_note-321) The retail side of the business started in 1926 with the purchase of 4 retail shops, which wee operated under its subsidiary Lotus and Delta Ltd. In the 1970s the Bostock family ended their affiliation with the company, with Debenhams purchasing the business in 1973. Debenhams' owners, the Burton group sold the business to the Fii group in 1986. The business now operates as a manufacturer and online retailer. Luget Brothers (/w/index.php?title=Luget_Brothers&action=edit&redlink=1) 1814 2015 Founded by two Huguenot brothers in Exeter, the bespoke tailoring business finally closed its doors in 2015. [322] (#cite_note-322) Lumleys (/w/index.php?title=Lumleys_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1900 c.1980s Founded by boxing promoter Alan Lumley as a sports shop, it was purchased by the Greaves family in 1959. [323] (#cite_note-323) In the 1980s the name was changed to Greaves. M & J Sports and Leisure (/w/index.php?title=M_%26_J_Sports_and_Leisure&action=edit&redlink=1) Small sports shop chain based in South Essex created by former Southend United player, Mike Beesley after buying out H. W. Stone. [324] (#cite_note-324) Mackays (/wiki/M%26Co.) 1834 2007 Founded by McGeoch family as pawnbrokers in Paisley, Renfrewshire. Converted to clothing in 1953. In 1973 adopted Mackays name. M&Co brand launched in 2003, with all shops being rebranded by 2007. Maison Jays (/w/index.php?title=Maison_Jays&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century ladies' costumier and milliner based in Regent Street, London. [325] (#cite_note-325) Manfield Shoes (/w/index.php?title=Manfield_Shoes&action=edit&redlink=1) 1844 c.1997 Founded in Northampton as a manufacturer and retailer of footwear, the business was purchased by Sears in 1956, and at the time had over 200 shops. [326] (#cite_note-326) In 1996 it sold Manfield Shoes to entrepreneur Stephen Hinchliffe and his business Facia. [189] (#cite_note-auto27-189) A year later the business collapsed along with the rest of Hinchliffe's business empire. T.Manley (/w/index.php?title=T.Manley&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century tailors based in Westminster Bridge Road, London. [327] (#cite_note-327) Marcus Shops Ltd (/w/index.php?title=Marcus_Shops_Ltd&action=edit&redlink=1) Men's outfitters with 15 shops, purchased by J. M. Millets in 1973. [259] (#cite_note-auto7-259) Alfred Marsh (/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Marsh_(outfitter)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1881 19th-century clothier and outfitter with shops in Market Street, Harwich & Key Street, Ipswich. Declared bankrupt in 1881. [328] (#cite_note-328) Masters (/w/index.php?title=Masters_(Clothiers)&action=edit&redlink=1) Manufacturer and retailer of men's clothing, purchased by Great Universal Stores. [329] (#cite_note-329) Mates (/w/index.php?title=Mates_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1960s Founded by Irvine Sellar on Carnaby Street, as what he called the first unisex fashion boutique in Britain. [330] (#cite_note-auto5-330) The business expanded to have shops nationwide and had 24 shops by 1969. Irvine Sellars sold the business and went into property development, famously leading the company that developed the Shard. Maxwells (/w/index.php?title=Maxwells_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Leeds based clothing shop that was located on Vicar Lane. [331] (#cite_note-331) Mayron (/wiki/J_J_Allen_(department_store)) Chain of ladies' fashion shops owned by department store group J J Allen. MC Sports (/w/index.php?title=MC_Sports_(UK_retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Chain of sport shops purchased by Blacks, and became part of First Sport. [225] (#cite_note-auto21-225) McGeoch (/wiki/M%26Co.) 1834 1973 Founded by McGeoch family as pawnbrokers in Paisley, Renfrewshire. Converted to clothing in 1953. In 1973 adopted Mackays name. M&Co brand launched in 2003, with all shops being rebranded by 2007. McGurk Sports (/w/index.php?title=McGurk_Sports&action=edit&redlink=1) 2013 North East based sports retailer voluntary wound up in 2013. [332] (#cite_note-332) Meakers (/w/index.php?title=Meakers_of_Picadilly&action=edit&redlink=1) Chain of men's tailors founded by Benjamin Meaker and Edgar Jesse. [333] (#cite_note-333) [202] (#cite_note-auto34-202) Medina Shoes (/wiki/Wynsors_World_of_Shoes) Brand created by Courtesy Shoes to operate their Courtesy Shoes, Skelton and Lees of Leeds shops. The brand name was eventually replaced by Wynsors World of Shoes, also operated by Courtesy Shoes. Merc Clothing (/wiki/Merc_Clothing) 1967 Founded by Javid Alavi in London in 1967. The business had a shop at 10 Carnaby Street, but now is an online retailer and manufacturer. J.M Millet (/w/index.php?title=J.M_Millet&action=edit&redlink=1) 1893 1986 Founded by J. M. Millet as a drapers and outfitters business in Southampton and Bristol. The business had 5 shops by 1939, and by 1961 had grown to 11. In the 1970s business Henderson Sports and Marcus Shops Limited were purchased before the business itself was purchased by Foster Brothers in 1979. In 1986 it was merged with A. C. Millett to form Millets Leisure Ltd. [259] (#cite_note-auto7-259) A.C. Millett & Co (/w/index.php?title=A.C._Millett_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) 1948 1986 Morris Millett opened a haberdashery shop in Croydon in 1920. By 1948 the business was trading from 8 shops and A. C. Millett joined his father's business after the leaving the army. By 1962 that business had grown to 35 shops, including 13 acquired in that year when ACM bought E. G. Millett & Co., a company owned by a distant cousin of A. C. Millett. In 1978 the business listed on the London Stock Market as Milletts Leisure plc, and in 1984 bought 50 shops from Wakefields (Midlands) Ltd. In 1986 Foster Brothers Clothing acquired Milletts Leisure plc joining Millets and Milletts together to create Millets Leisure Limited. [259] (#cite_note-auto7-259) E. G. Millett & Co (/w/index.php?title=E._G._Millett_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) A group of 13 men's outfitters purchased by A. G. Milletts in 1962. [259] (#cite_note-auto7-259) Milwards (/w/index.php?title=Milwards_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Reading based footwear group with 20 shops purchased by Clarks and incorporated into the Peter Lord chain. [219] (#cite_note-auto4-219) Miss Sixty (/wiki/Miss_Sixty) 1990 2008 Founded in Italy in 1990, the first shops opened in the UK in 1998 by its UK subsidiary SixtyUK. The UK business went into administration in 2008. Mister Byrite (/w/index.php?title=Mister_Byrite&action=edit&redlink=1) 2002 Founded as A. Levy & Sons in 1912. Traded under various names including Mr Byrite. Blue Inc name introduced in 2002. MK One (/wiki/MK_One) c.1980s 2008 Founded in the 1980s by Mark Brafman, Les Lucy and Alan Simons as Mark One. In 1996 the business went into administration and was purchased by Philip Green, who in 2003 sold most of the business to Elaine McPherson, the managing director, and David Thompson, the finance director. In 2004 the business was sold to the Icelandic group, Baugur who sold a majority shareholding to Hilco in May 2008, before selling the business back to its founder Mark Brafman. However the business continued to struggle and in November 2008 80 of the shops were sold to Internacionale Retail with the remaining 45 being closed. Monument Sports (/w/index.php?title=Monument_Sports_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1974 Founded in 1974 by Middlesbrough F.C. player Bill Gates. [334] (#cite_note-334) The 12 shop chain was purchased by Blacks in 1987 and became part of First Sport. [335] (#cite_note-335) Morgan (/wiki/Morgan_(clothing)) 2008 Morgan de Toi was the UK retail operations of Morgan SA, a French company originally set up to make lingerie in 1947. In 2008 the UK business was put into administration with the closure of its shops and concessions. Morrisons (/w/index.php?title=Morrisons_(ladies%27_retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' clothing chain purchased by Great Universal Stores in 1957. [336] (#cite_note-336) [128] (#cite_note-auto16-128) David Moseley & Sons (/w/index.php?title=David_Moseley_%26_Sons&action=edit&redlink=1) 1964 Rubber manufacturer that produced Raincoats and Waterproofs which were sold via their New Bond Street showroom. [337] (#cite_note-337) Was purchased by Avon Rubber Company in 1964. Mr Freedom (/wiki/Mr_Freedom_(fashion)) 1969 1972 Founded by Tommy Roberts after purchasing the lease of the boutique Hung on You. The shop moved to Kensington Church Street in 1970 but closed in 1972. Naf Naf (/w/index.php?title=Naf_Naf&action=edit&redlink=1) 1973 c.1990s Founded as Influence in Paris by Gérard Pariente in 1973, NafNaf (woof woof in French) was launched as a designer brand in 1978. The brand expanded and shops in France opened during the 1980s. During the 1990s they entered the UK market as a distributor and retailer. However, in the late 1990s the retail business in the UK was making losses, [338] (#cite_note-338) so all shops were closed. Daniel Neal (/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Neal_%26_Sons&action=edit&redlink=1) 1837 1977 Founded as an adult shoe shop in the Edgware Road, London, the business grew into a department store for children's clothes, toys and equipment. In 1963 it was purchased by John Lewis [339] (#cite_note-339) and the business was merged into existing John Lewis shops, except for branches in Bournemouth & Cheltenham, which were closed in 1977. H. P. Newman (/wiki/Dorothy_Perkins) 1909 1919 Founded in 1909 as H. P. Newman, the shop changed its name to Dorothy Perkins in 1919. Nicholes Shirt House (/w/index.php?title=Nicholes_Shirt_House&action=edit&redlink=1) Shirt maker that was based at 62 Briggate, Leeds. [340] (#cite_note-340) D. Nicholson & Co (/w/index.php?title=D._Nicholson_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' dressmakers based in St. Pauls Churchard, London. [341] (#cite_note-341) H. J. Nicholl & Co (/w/index.php?title=H._J._Nicholl_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) c.19th century c.1962 [342] (#cite_note-342) Ready made clothing company that made its name during the 1840s and 1850s with manufacturing paletots, a gentleman's overcoat. [343] (#cite_note-343) The business first opened a shop on Regent Street, before opening branches in Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham, and Paris. The business operated until the 1960s. Northern Outsize Menswear (/wiki/High_and_Mighty_(clothing)) 1956 c.1970s Founded as Northern Outsize Menswear by Bernard Levy as a mail order firm. The business opened its first shop on Edgware Road, London in 1959. During the 1970s the business changed its name to High and Mighty. Norvic (/w/index.php?title=Norvic&action=edit&redlink=1) 1846 1974 Founded by the merger of Howlett and White [344] (#cite_note-344) with the Mansfield Shoe Company. [345] (#cite_note-345) The business was a manufacturer and retailer of footwear, but the 120 strong retail chain was sold to Timpsons in 1971. Timpsons was purchased by UDS in 1972 but the Norvic retail chain was closed down in 1974. [346] (#cite_note-346) Nutters of Savile Row (/wiki/Edward_Sexton) 1969 1982 Nutters of Savile Row was opened on Valentine's Day 1969 by Tommy Nutter and Edward Sexton, who had worked together at Donaldson, Williamson & Ward. Nutter left business in 1976, but Edward Sexton continues to run the business changing the name in 1982. Oakland Menswear (/w/index.php?title=Oakland_Menswear&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1980s 1997 Created by C&A during the 1980s a standalone business, [347] (#cite_note-347) which was purchased by Stephen Hincliffe (/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Hincliffe&action=edit&redlink=1) 's Facia group during the 1990s. Facia however collapsed by 1996, and Ciro Citterio purchased the business from the administrators and rebranded the 27 shops under their branding. [348] (#cite_note-348) Officers and Gentleman (/wiki/The_Officers_Club) c.1990s Founded in Sunderland, the business changed its name to The Officers Club. The Officers Club (/wiki/The_Officers_Club) c.1990s 2011 Founded in Sunderland as Officers and Gentlemans, the name was changed during the 2000s before the business entered administration in 2008. The business was bought by TimeC 1215, a company backed by the companies chief executive David Charlton. However the business again entered administration in 2011, and 47 shops and the brand name were sold to Blue Inc. Old Glory (/w/index.php?title=Old_Glory_(clothing_shop)&action=edit&redlink=1) 2005 2011 Clothing wholesaler with shop located in Queens Arcade, Leeds that was dissolved in 2011. [349] (#cite_note-349) [350] (#cite_note-350) Olivers (/w/index.php?title=George_Oliver_Shoes&action=edit&redlink=1) 1860 2000 Founded by George Oliver as a shoe shop in Willenhall, Staffordshire in 1860, followed in 1866 with a branch in Neath, Staffordshire. [351] (#cite_note-351) In 1869 he opened a factory, but closed this by 1875 and concentrated on retail. By 1889 he had over 100 shops and advertised himself as the world's largest boot retailer. The business purchased the footwear shops of rival Timpson (/wiki/Timpson_(retailer)) in 1987, and had 258 shops. In 2000 it was purchased by smaller rival Shoe Zone (/wiki/Shoe_Zone) who re-branded or closed the shops. Olympus Sports (/w/index.php?title=Olympus_Sports&action=edit&redlink=1) 1995 Sports clothing and footwear retailer who had 24 shops when purchased by Sears in 1978. [352] (#cite_note-352) In 1995, Mayfind, a private investment company owned by Philip Green and Tom Hunter purchased Olympus Sports from Sears, [353] (#cite_note-353) and merged the shops into Tom Hunter's existing business Sports Division. [354] (#cite_note-354) One Up 1993 Clothing & Home discounter created by Shophouse plc. Sold off in 1995 for £20m. [355] (#cite_note-355) [356] (#cite_note-auto17-356) [357] (#cite_note-357) Open (/w/index.php?title=Open_(clothing_shop)&action=edit&redlink=1) 2014 2015 Men's clothing shop created by former Blue Inc. buying and design director Stephen Galea and was owned by JD Sports. Four months after its first shop out of a total of 11, JD announced that all shops were closing. Original Shoe Company (/w/index.php?title=Original_Shoe_Company_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1991 Brand-led fashion footwear shop started in 1991. [358] (#cite_note-358) Purchased by Sports Direct in 2006, but sold to JJB Sports in 2007. [359] (#cite_note-359) Closed as part of JJB trying to save itself from administration. [360] (#cite_note-auto30-360) Owens (/w/index.php?title=Owens_(outfitters)&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' outfitters in the 1950s with shops in Preston, Bolton, Eccles, Leigh & Darwen. [361] (#cite_note-361) Paige (/w/index.php?title=Paige_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' clothing retailer of the 1960s [362] (#cite_note-362) Sold by owners Great Universal Stores in 1986 to Combined English Shops, and at the time had 246 shops. [363] (#cite_note-363) [364] (#cite_note-364) Combined English Shops were purchased by Next in 1987 and Paige shops were gradually closed or converted into the Next format. E. Parker (/w/index.php?title=E._Parker&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century dressmakers based in Newington Butts, London. [365] (#cite_note-365) Parker Franks (/w/index.php?title=Parker_Franks&action=edit&redlink=1) North west based discounter of homewares and clothing. Changed its name to Xception. [366] (#cite_note-366) Pavilion Clothing (/w/index.php?title=Pavilion_Clothing&action=edit&redlink=1) 1986 2015 Independent young clothing business based in Wharton Street, Cardiff which closed in 2015 after 29 years of business [367] (#cite_note-367) Peter Brown (/w/index.php?title=Peter_Brown_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Menswear chain purchased by Etam in 1987. [368] (#cite_note-368) Peter Pell (/w/index.php?title=Peter_Pell_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1957 Founded by Hector Mackenzie Frazer in 1957, three years after selling Town Tailors to Great Universal Stores. [81] (#cite_note-auto6-81) In 1964 the menswear manufacturer and 45 shops were sold to UDS. Phillips Character Shoes (/w/index.php?title=Phillips_Character_Shoes&action=edit&redlink=1) Shoe retailer owned by British Shoe Corporation. [369] (#cite_note-auto38-369) [370] (#cite_note-370) Thomas Pike & Co (/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Pike_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century tailors based in Westminster Bridge Road, London [371] (#cite_note-371) Pilot (/w/index.php?title=Pilot_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) 2005 70 strong ladies' retail chain that went into administration in 2005. [372] (#cite_note-372) Platform Nine (/w/index.php?title=Platform_Nine_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' fashion retailer of the 1970s and 80s. Pocock Brothers (/w/index.php?title=Pocock_Brothers&action=edit&redlink=1) 1815 c.1960s Founded a manufacturer of footwear in 1815, [373] (#cite_note-373) but started around 1870 in retailing their own goods. [374] (#cite_note-374) Polikoff (/w/index.php?title=Polikoff_(Clothiers)&action=edit&redlink=1) Manufacturer and retailer of men's clothing purchased by Great Universal Stores. [375] (#cite_note-375) Pollards (/w/index.php?title=Waige_Pollard_%26_Sons&action=edit&redlink=1) 1892 c.1990s Founded by Waige Pollard, [376] (#cite_note-376) the clothing and haberdashery shop [377] (#cite_note-377) operated across the South East until the mid-1990s. Hector Powe (/w/index.php?title=Hector_Powe_(tailors)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1910 Founded in the City of London, by 1925 the business had expanded to six shops across London. During the Second World War the company provided uniforms for officers in the RAF. [378] (#cite_note-378) [202] (#cite_note-auto34-202) The business was purchased by Hope Brothers in 1954, and in turn Great Universal Stores, who merged the business into its Burberry business. Preston Sports (/wiki/Sports_Direct) 1984 c.1995/1996 Former trading name of Sports Direct—formerly Mike Ashley Sports. Changed from Preston to Sports Soccer in 1995/96. Marcus Price (/w/index.php?title=Marcus_Price_(menswear)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1960s chain of menswear shops. [379] (#cite_note-379) [380] (#cite_note-380) Priceless Shoes (/wiki/Barratts_Shoes) 2013 Merged with Stylo plc during the 1990s, [115] (#cite_note-auto23-115) the business became one of its trading arsm, the other being Barratts. However, in 2009 Stylo went into administration. 220 Barratts and Priceless shops were closed, with the remaining 160 shops and 165 concessions being bought by Barratts Priceless Ltd. This however went into administration in 2011, with Barretts Trading, another Michael Ziff vehicle purchasing 89 of Priceless and Barratts shops. This however went into administration in 2013, with 14 shops being sold to Pavers Shoes and the brand and website being sold to footwear entrepreneur Harvey Jacobsen. Principles (/wiki/Principles_(retailer)) 1984 2009 Founded by Burtons for fashion conscious women, with the men's shop Principle for Men opening in 1985. Menswear shop was phased out in late 90s. Shop sold off by Arcadia group in 2001 to a management buyout vehicle called Rubicon Retail. Rubicon was taken over by Mosaic Fashions in 2005. Mosaic Fashions went into administration in 2009, with all 66 Principles shops closing. The brand continues as part of Debenhams, who bought the name from the administrators. Pysch 1989 2022 Founded in 1989 in Middlesbrough, purchased by Fraser Group in 2021. [381] (#cite_note-381) Pumpkin Patch (/wiki/Pumpkin_Patch_(retailer)) 2012 Founded in New Zealand in 1990 by Sally Synott as a childrenswear brand. [382] (#cite_note-382) The UK shops were closed in 2012, [383] (#cite_note-383) however the UK website still operates and the clothing could be purchased in some British Home Stores (/wiki/British_Home_Stores) shops. QS Shops 1932 2006 QS started life as a clothing manufacturer. In the 1960s they opened their first shop selling clothing rejected by main buyer Marks & Spencer (/wiki/Marks_%26_Spencer) . In the 1980s the shop stopped selling seconds and went private in 1990. Was purchased by Hamsard 2353 in 2003 who brought it together with fellow purchase Bewise. Business went into administration in 2006. Some shops became part of Shop Twenty One. [131] (#cite_note-auto13-131) Qube (/w/index.php?title=Qube_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Shoe retailer previously owned by Sir Tom Hunter, then by JJB Sports. Closed as part of JJB trying to save itself from administration. [360] (#cite_note-auto30-360) Quorum (/wiki/Alice_Pollock) 1964 1969 Boutique based on Kings Road founded by designer Alice Pollock and textile designer Celia Birtwell, which became famous for its Ossie Clark/Alice Pollock fashions. Closed in 1969 Rabbits & Sons Ltd (/w/index.php?title=Rabbits_%26_Sons_Ltd&action=edit&redlink=1) 1909 Founded in Newington Butts, London as a manufacturer and retailer of footwear, by the 1870s they had multiple shops across London. [384] (#cite_note-384) In 1903 the business was purchased by Freeman, Hardy & Willis and by 1909 had re-branded the shops. [385] (#cite_note-385) Ravel Shoes (/w/index.php?title=Ravel_Shoes&action=edit&redlink=1) 1934 2007 Founded by Mrs Wise in 1934, the business grew having shops across London. In 1967 they purchased a shop in Oxford Street called Chausseurs Raul, and changed the name at first to Chausseurs Ravel, then just to plain Ravel. [386] (#cite_note-386) In 1974 Clarks bought the remaining shares that they had not bought in 1967 when the Wise family retired. The business grew to 40 shops but in 2007 Clarks decided to rebrand or close Ravel shops due to slowing sales. [387] (#cite_note-387) The Ravel name was purchased by Harvey Jacobson (/wiki/Harvey_Jacobson) and is one of the 75 brands operated by his business, Jacobson Group. Joyce Raymond (/w/index.php?title=Joyce_Raymond_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladieswear retailer based at Jones Corner, Canvey Island. [388] (#cite_note-388) Razzle Dazzle (/w/index.php?title=Razzle_Dazzle_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Chain of ladies' fashion clothing shops in the 1980s. [389] (#cite_note-389) Red or Dead (/wiki/Red_or_Dead) 1982 Founded by Wayne & Geraldine Hemmingway in 1982 as a stall in Camden Market, they quickly expanded opening their first shop in Rupert Street, Soho in 1986 and gradually growing to 16 shops. [390] (#cite_note-390) In 1995 the Hemmingways sold the business to Stephen Hincliffe's facia group, however this entered administration in 1996 and the Hemmingways purchased the brand back operating it as a design brand only. In 1998 the brand was sold to the Pentland Group. Austin Reed (/wiki/Austin_Reed_(retailer)) 1900 2016 Men's clothing shop whose first London shop was opened in Fenchurch Street in 1900, opening their Regent Street shop in 1911. Entered administration in 2016, with the administrator announcing closure of the brands 120 shops by the end of June 2016, with the brand name being purchased by the Edinburgh Woollen Mills. Neville Reed (/w/index.php?title=Neville_Reed_(tailor)&action=edit&redlink=1) National chain of men's tailors. [202] (#cite_note-auto34-202) [391] (#cite_note-391) [392] (#cite_note-392) Rego Clothiers (/w/index.php?title=Rego_Clothiers&action=edit&redlink=1) Manufacturer and retailer of men's clothing purchased by Great Universal Stores. [393] (#cite_note-393) The business had 80 shops across the London district. [394] (#cite_note-394) Reid Brothers (/w/index.php?title=Reid_Brothers_(tailors)&action=edit&redlink=1) Men's tailors that was based at the junction of Briggate, Boar Lane and Duncan Street, Leeds during the 1940s. [395] (#cite_note-395) Remelle (/w/index.php?title=Remelle_(outfitters)&action=edit&redlink=1) High class ladies' outfitters based in Knowsley Road, Bolton during the 1950s. [396] (#cite_note-396) Republic (/wiki/Republic_(retailer)) 1998 Founded in 1985, as Just Jeans, after 1990, the name changed to Best Jeanswear; Republic was launched in 1998. On 28 February 2013, Sports Direct bought 114 Republic shops, the brand name, all remaining stock and own-brands including SoulCal, Crafted and Fabric from the administrators. The Republic head office was also purchased. Sports Direct attempted to negotiate a reduction in rent for a number of shops, but the proposal was rejected by its landlords for those shops: Intu and Land Securities. As a result, 20 shops were closed. The remaining Republic shops were subsequently merged with USC. Richard Shops (/wiki/Richard_Shops) 1927 1999 Founded by Price Tailors in 1927. Purchased by UDS in 1958. UDS bought by Hanson plc in 1983 and sold Richard Shops to Habitat/Mothercare PLC, which became Shophouse plc (with the merger with BHS). Bought by Sears plc in 1992, which was bought by Sir Philip Green in 1999 and transferred to Arcadia Group. Richard Shops was immediately closed and shops were converted to other Arcadia group brands. Ridleys (/w/index.php?title=Ridleys_(men%27s_outfitters)&action=edit&redlink=1) Men's outfitters based in Tavern Street, Ipswich. [247] (#cite_note-auto40-247) George Ripley (/w/index.php?title=George_Ripley_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1952 2016 Menswear shop based in Lytham St. Annes. [397] (#cite_note-397) Rogers & Co (/w/index.php?title=Rogers_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) 1825 [398] (#cite_note-398) 1967 Military tailor based in Bruton Street, London [399] (#cite_note-399) which was purchased by Dege & Skinner in 1967. [400] (#cite_note-400) Rogers + Rogers (/wiki/Jeffrey_Rogers_(fashion_designer)) c.1990s 2001 Fashion brand started by Jeffrey Rogers which went into administration in 2001. Jeffrey Rogers (/wiki/Jeffrey_Rogers_(fashion_designer)) c.1990s 2001 Retail business founded by designer Jeffrey Rogers during the 1990s. By 1994 the business had 39 shops. However the business went into administration in 2001. The brand name was purchased by Matalan in 2002. Rosees Fashion (/w/index.php?title=Rosees_Fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) Midlands based ladies' fashion chain of the 1960s. [401] (#cite_note-401) J. Roussel (Paris-London) (/w/index.php?title=J._Roussel_(Paris-London)&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' undergarment shop with shops at St. Ann Street, Manchester, 84 Bold Street, Liverpool, 179–181 Regent Street & 137 New Bond Street, London with further branches in Aberdeen, Birmingham, Bristol, Glasgow and Leeds. [402] (#cite_note-402) T. J. Rowan (/w/index.php?title=T._J._Rowan&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century ladies' and gents' tailors based in Kennington Road, London. [403] (#cite_note-403) A. W. Rust (/w/index.php?title=A._W._Rust&action=edit&redlink=1) Leather retailer founded in Pitsea, Essex and traded for over 60 years in shops across South Essex. [404] (#cite_note-404) Samuel Brothers (/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Brothers&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century tailors based in Piccadilly before moving to Ludgate Hill, London. [405] (#cite_note-405) The business now operates a manufacturer of military and workwear and has been based at Deepcut Barracks since 1993. [406] (#cite_note-406) Saxone (/w/index.php?title=Saxone&action=edit&redlink=1) 1901 1997 Founded in 1901, [407] (#cite_note-407) the shoe retailer and manufacturer merged with rival Lilley and Skinner in 1956. the business was purchased by Sears owned British Shoe Corporation in 1962. In 1996 sold Saxone to entrepreneur Stephen Hinchliffe and his business Facia. [189] (#cite_note-auto27-189) A year later the business collapsed along with the rest of Hinchliffe's business empire. Scholes & Scholes (/w/index.php?title=Scholes_%26_Scholes&action=edit&redlink=1) Bolton menswear shop based in Nelson House, Nelson Square. [408] (#cite_note-408) The business was voluntary wound up in 1988. [409] (#cite_note-409) The Scotch House (/w/index.php?title=The_Scotch_House&action=edit&redlink=1) 1900 2002 A Wollen and Cashmere retailer based in Central London and founded in 1900 by Gardiner Brothers, it was purchased by Great Universal Stores. [410] (#cite_note-410) Business closed in 2002 and merged into Burberry brand, also owned by Great Universal. Scotch Wool and Hosiery Shops (/w/index.php?title=Scotch_Wool_and_Hosiery_Shops&action=edit&redlink=1) 1899 Retail name for the wool millers of Fleming, Reid and Co. Acquired by J. and P. Coats, Patons and Baldwins in 1960. [411] (#cite_note-411) Scott Adie (/w/index.php?title=Scott_Adie&action=edit&redlink=1) 1854 Scottish themed clothing warehouse and manufacturer, with shop located on the corner of Regent Street & Vigo Street, London. [412] (#cite_note-412) [413] (#cite_note-413) Seftons (/wiki/Wynsors_World_of_Shoes) Seftons was a small chain of footwear shops based in the Bradford area that was purchased by Courtesy Shoes during the 1960s and rebranded as Medina Shoes. Irvine Sellars House of Fashion (/w/index.php?title=Irvine_Sellars_House_of_Fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1960s Founded by Irvine Sellars, a market trader in London & Essex [330] (#cite_note-auto5-330) who opened his menswear boutique on Carnarby Street in the mid 60s [414] (#cite_note-414) before opening his larger boutique chain Mates. Sharps of Preston (/w/index.php?title=Sharps_of_Preston&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladieswear shop based in Preston. [415] (#cite_note-415) [416] (#cite_note-416) Shellys Shoes (/w/index.php?title=Shellys_Shoes&action=edit&redlink=1) 1946 Founded as Direct Shoe Supplies in the Kilburn High Road, the name was changed to Shelly after the owners son Shelly Robbins. [417] (#cite_note-417) The business expanded to 11 shops across the UK including the five floored shop in Oxford Street. [418] (#cite_note-418) In 2002 the struggling business was bought by Stylo, however they disposed of the then 6 shops in 2008 to Eternal Best Industries of Hong Kong. [419] (#cite_note-419) They have since relaunced Shelly of London as shoe brand and website. [ citation needed ] Shoe City (/w/index.php?title=Shoe_City&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1980s 1998 Out of town shoe supermarkets created by the British Shoe Corporation during the 1980s. [420] (#cite_note-420) When Sears broke up the corporation during the 1990s, 47 Shoe City shops was sold to Belgium shoe business Brantano during 1998. [421] (#cite_note-421) Shoe Express (/w/index.php?title=Shoe_Express&action=edit&redlink=1) 1987 New brand created by British Shoe Corporation during the 1980s to improve sales. Shops from other BSC brands were covereted into the new brand – the first being in St. Helens, Lancashire. [422] (#cite_note-422) Shoe Studio (/w/index.php?title=Shoe_Studio_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Former shoe business owned by Baugur through its subsidiary Mosaic, the business operated 11 stand-alone shops and concessions. The brands operated by Shoe Studio and its concessions were purchased by Dune in 2009. [423] (#cite_note-auto39-423) [424] (#cite_note-424) Shoefayre (/wiki/Shoefayre) 1959 2007 Founded by the Co-operative Group as the co-operative footwear retailer. [425] (#cite_note-auto33-425) The business was as a separate business owned by the Co-Op until 2005, when the organisation brought it under the control of its Specialist Retail Division. [426] (#cite_note-426) At the same time the business announced a new refurbishment programme of its 260 shops. [427] (#cite_note-427) In 2007 it was announced that Co-Op were looking for a buyer, [428] (#cite_note-428) and in September it was announced that Shoe Zone had purchased the business. Shoefayre sites were either rebranded or closed by Shoe Zone after the purchase. [425] (#cite_note-auto33-425) Signet Shoe Company (/w/index.php?title=Signet_Shoe_Company&action=edit&redlink=1) Shoe retailers based at 184 Oxford Street, London, with further shops in The Strand, Sloane Square, Piccadilly in Manchester and Lord Street, Liverpool. [429] (#cite_note-429) Silver Shoes 1980 Founded by Harry Demopoulos as Silver Shoes, becoming Tower Boots before changing its name to TOWER London. [430] (#cite_note-auto31-430) Simpsons of Picadilly (/wiki/DAKS) 1894 2000 Founded as S. Simpson by Simeon Simpson was a manufacturer of bespoke tailoring based in London. In 1935 Simeon's son Alexander invented the first supporting trouser, and branded it DAKS. In 1936 Alexander opened the first Simpsons shop – Simpsons of Picadilly to sell he companies clothing. In 1991 the business was sold to Sankyo Seiko Co. Limited, who at the turn of the century moved the shop from Picadilly to Old Bond Street and renamed the business DAKS. Smart Weston (/w/index.php?title=Smart_Weston_(menswear)&action=edit&redlink=1) National menswear chain. [202] (#cite_note-auto34-202) [431] (#cite_note-431) Smiths Menswear (/w/index.php?title=Smiths_Menswear&action=edit&redlink=1) Menswear chain headquartered in Edinburgh. [432] (#cite_note-432) Snob (/w/index.php?title=Snob_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1960s c.1980s 1960s boutique fashion brand that started the change in clothing purchases. [433] (#cite_note-433) Bought by Etam in 1987 [434] (#cite_note-434) and were eventually rebranded under the Etam or Tammy Girl names. C. G. Southcott & Co (/w/index.php?title=C._G._Southcott_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1880s 1980 A partnership founded in the 1880s as a clothing manufacturer, the business opened its first retail shop in the early 1900s. Mainly a retailer of menswear, the business also moved into manufacturing school uniforms. The business finally closed in 1980. [81] (#cite_note-auto6-81) John Southworth (/w/index.php?title=John_Southworth_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) A shoe shop based in Preston purchased by Clarks in 1935. [435] (#cite_note-435) Spalding & Sons (/w/index.php?title=Spalding_%26_Sons&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th Century 1940s Chelmsford based sports outfitters, which were also a photography shop and toy seller. Originally based on Tindall Square before moving to property next to Saracen Head at 4–5 High Street in 1892. [436] (#cite_note-436) Sports Connection (/wiki/Sports_Connection) 1980 2003 Scottish based Sports chain that operated 30 shops until it went into administration in 2003. 24 of the shops were purchased by the Original Shoe Company. [437] (#cite_note-437) Sports Division (/wiki/Sports_Division) 1984 1998 Started by Tom Hunter from the back of a van. He built the business up to the UK's largest sorts retailer, purchasing Sears Olympus Sports, before selling the business to smaller rival JJB in 1998. Sports Soccer (/wiki/Sports_Direct) c.1995–96 2005 Preston Sports changed their name to Sports Soccer in 1995 along with their head office relocation to Dunstable. Name was changed to Sports World in 2005. Sports World (/wiki/Sports_Direct) 2005 2007 Rebranded name for Sports Soccer, which was re-branded to Sports Direct from 2007. Start-rite Shoes (/wiki/Start-rite) 1920 Started by a Quant & Son, a shoe retailer in 1920, the business was purchased by James Southall, a footwear manufacturer in 1921. [438] (#cite_note-438) The business grew into a manufacturing name and retail business, [219] (#cite_note-auto4-219) before the retail business was closed down and shops sold to Jones the Bootmaker. Stead & Simpson (/wiki/Stead_%26_Simpson) 2008 Founded in Leeds during the 19th century as curriers and leather dealers, the business moved into the manufacturing and retailing of footwear. [439] (#cite_note-439) During the 1990s, they purchased the chains Lilley & Skinner and Shoe Express from Sears, [440] (#cite_note-440) however the business went into administration in 2008, and was purchased by Shoe Zone who converted most of the shops to the Shoe Zone brand. Mabel Stephenson Ltd (/w/index.php?title=Mabel_Stephenson_Ltd&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' clothing shop based in Blackburn that was purchased by the Lytham St. Annes department store J.R. Taylor. [441] (#cite_note-441) Stewarts (/w/index.php?title=Stewarts_Clothiers_Ltd&action=edit&redlink=1) Middlesbrough based menswear manufacturer and retailer with 130 shops purchased by Prices Tailors, owners of Fifty Shilling Tailor, in 1932. [81] (#cite_note-auto6-81) Stirling Cooper (/wiki/Stirling_Cooper) 1967 c.1990s Stirling Cooper was started by two London cab drivers Ronnie Stirling and Jeff Cooper in 1967 as a London-based fashion wholesaler and retailer. The business operated until the 1990s. Stone Dri - The Direct Raincoat Company (/w/index.php?title=Stone_Dri_-_The_Direct_Raincoat_Company&action=edit&redlink=1) 1948 c.1970s Founded when the four Stone brothers took over their father's coat making business. [442] (#cite_note-442) The business expanded into retail and by 1960 had over 80 shops nationwide. [443] (#cite_note-443) The business closed during the 1970s. H. W. Stones Sports (/w/index.php?title=H._W._Stones&action=edit&redlink=1) Essex based sports shop chain created by local multiple electrical retailer [444] (#cite_note-444) and Fiat/Alfa Romeo dealer who helped set up Essex Radio. [445] (#cite_note-445) Dennis Lloyd, father of British tennis stars John and David Lloyd, ran the Leigh shop. [446] (#cite_note-446) The business was sold off to Mike Beesley to form M & J Sports. Streetwise Sports (/w/index.php?title=Streetwise_Sports&action=edit&redlink=1) 2009 Founded by Paul & Ian Simpson, the 32 shop chain was purchased by Sports Direct in 2006. [447] (#cite_note-447) The business was sold by Sports Direct to Melvyn Reiss and Stephen Mucklow in 2008, however the business entered administration in Feb 2009. [ citation needed ] Jeanne Stuart of Blackpool (/w/index.php?title=Jeanne_Stuart_of_Blackpool&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' fashion shop located at 13 & 23 Queen Street, Blackpool. [448] (#cite_note-448) Studd & Millington (/w/index.php?title=Studd_%26_Millington&action=edit&redlink=1) Tailors of the early 20th century based in several locations across London. [449] (#cite_note-449) Also supplied officers of the British Army with uniform. [450] (#cite_note-450) Stylo (/wiki/Barratts_Shoes) 1935 Founded as Stylo Boot Company (Northern) Ltd after the amalgamation of three shoe business. In 1964 it had 150 shops and purchased rival W Barratt Boot & Shoe Company. [115] (#cite_note-auto23-115) Eventually all branches were rebranded under the Barrets name. SU214 (/wiki/Arcadia_Group) c. Late 1990s High-fashion menswear chain created by Arcadia group and named after the address of its flagship shop – 214 Oxford Street. Business was incorporated into Topman under the 'BrandMAX' initiative. Sugg Sports (/w/index.php?title=Sugg_Sports&action=edit&redlink=1) 2001 Founded in Liverpool by Walter Sugg (/wiki/Walter_Sugg) and his brother Frank, the business grew to 11 shops by its closure in 2001. [451] (#cite_note-451) The Suit Company (/wiki/Moss_Bros_Group) 1982 2000 Retail brand opened by Moss Bros, which was incorporated into the new Code brand that existed from 2000 to 2002. Suits You (/w/index.php?title=Suits_You_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) 2010 Rebranded name of Brick's Manshops, by Brian and Alex Brick, who sold their retail business SRG in 2005 for £30m. [142] (#cite_note-auto35-142) The business was purchased by Egyptian group Arafa Holdings in 2008. [143] (#cite_note-auto1-143) However the 66-shop business entered administration in October 2010, [144] (#cite_note-auto22-144) 12 of the shops were purchased by the former owners and re-opened as Suit Direct. [145] (#cite_note-auto15-145) Sullivan Sports (/w/index.php?title=Sullivan_Sports&action=edit&redlink=1) Liverpool based chain of sport shops purchased by Blacks Leisure in 1987. [225] (#cite_note-auto21-225) Swears and Wells (/w/index.php?title=Swears_and_Wells&action=edit&redlink=1) 1816 c.1970s Started by Frederick Swears and Thomas William Wells in Regent Street, [452] (#cite_note-452) the shop became a national chain of furriers [179] (#cite_note-auto25-179) that was purchased by UDS [453] (#cite_note-453) and closed during the 1970s. Take 6 (/w/index.php?title=Take_6_(boutique)&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1960s Boutique founded in Carnaby Street, London that grew into a chain of fashion shops. [454] (#cite_note-454) [455] (#cite_note-455) [456] (#cite_note-456) Tammy Girl (/wiki/Etam_UK) 2005 Founded by Etam UK as its children's business, the business was purchased by Philip Green in 2005, with all shops closed and the (now called) Tammy brand incorporated into British Home Stores. E. Tautz & Sons (/wiki/E._Tautz_%26_Sons) 1867 Men's tailors which opened a shop at 485 Oxford Street. Shop destroyed by fire in 1898. Now a brand owned by tailors Norton & Sons. Gilbert Taylor (/w/index.php?title=Gilbert_Taylor(outfitters)&action=edit&redlink=1) Men's outfitters based in Garden Street, St Annes on Sea [457] (#cite_note-457) and Deansgate, Bolton. [458] (#cite_note-458) Teesside Sports (/w/index.php?title=Teesside_Sports&action=edit&redlink=1) Sports shop chain bought by Blacks in 1987, which became part of First Sport. [225] (#cite_note-auto21-225) John Temple Tailors (/w/index.php?title=John_Temple_Tailors&action=edit&redlink=1) Men's tailors chain purchased by Great Universal Stores. [459] (#cite_note-459) Thomas & Sons (/w/index.php?title=Thomas_%26_Sons&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' and gents' hunting tailors based in Brook Street, London. [460] (#cite_note-460) [461] (#cite_note-461) [462] (#cite_note-462) Thornton & Co (/w/index.php?title=Thornton_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) A manufacturer of Indian Rubber goods and seller of athletic wear who were based at 50/51 Briggate, Leeds. [463] (#cite_note-463) The building is now grade 2 listed. [464] (#cite_note-464) Tie Rack (/wiki/Tie_Rack) 1981 2013 Tie Rack was founded in August 1981 by Roy Bishko with the first shop opening in Oxford Street, London. The business expanded to over 300 shops across the world, however in 2013 it was announced that all 44 of the remaining UK shops would be closed. Timpson (/wiki/Timpson_(retailer)) 1865 1987 Founded in Manchester by William Timpson and his brother in law, Walter Joyce as a shoe retailer. In 1884 they moved into manufacturing and then repairs in 1903. In 1973 after a boardroom battle between the Timpson family, United Drapery Shops purchased the business. UDS was purchased by Hanson Trust in 1983, and the breakup of the company included the sale of Timpson back to a buyout led by John Timpson. In 1987, Timpson sold off the shoe retailing business to rival Olivers, retaining the shoe repair business. Tissimans (/wiki/Tissimans) 1601 2013 Opened as Slaters in 1601, before being renamed as Tissimans in the early 19th century. Closed by owners W. E. Cole in 2013. [465] (#cite_note-465) Before its closure it claimed to be the world's oldest men's clothing establishment. [466] (#cite_note-466) Top Footwear for Men (/wiki/Soletrader) 1962 1992 It was founded in St. Albans in 1962. By 1973 the business had expanded to six shops, and this had grown to 23 by the end of the 1980s. In 1987 it changed its name to Top Shoes for Men. In 1991 the shop became Top Shoes, selling both men's and ladies' ranges, and in 1992 started changing the brand to SOLETRADER. By 2000 there were 40 shops in the chain. In 2003 the business started sister brand Sole, selling more luxury brands. [60] (#cite_note-auto11-60) Tower Boots 1980 Founded by Harry Demopoulos as Silver Shoes, becoming Tower Boots before changing its name to TOWER London. [430] (#cite_note-auto31-430) Town Tailors (/w/index.php?title=Town_Tailors&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1930s Founded by Hector MacKenzie Frazer, it was a Manufacturer and retailer of men's clothing purchased by Great Universal Stores in 1954. [467] (#cite_note-467) Trewby Brothers (/w/index.php?title=Trewby_Brothers&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century ladies' costumier based in Waterloo Road, London. [468] (#cite_note-468) True Form (/w/index.php?title=True_Form&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1891 1997 Founded by John (known as Jack) Sears in Northampton as a low price manufacturer and retailer of shoes. [469] (#cite_note-469) Charles Clore purchased J Sears & Co, the parent company in 1953, and in 1956 reorganised Sears (/wiki/Sears_plc) shoe business' into the British Shoe Corporation. [470] (#cite_note-470) In 1996 it sold True Form to entrepreneur Stephen Hinchliffe and his business Facia. [189] (#cite_note-auto27-189) A year later the business collapsed along with the rest of Hinchliffe's business empire. S Tully (/w/index.php?title=S_Tully&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th and early 20th century dressmaker and milliner based at 21 Great Russell Street, London. [471] (#cite_note-471) Turnbull, Reakes & Co (/w/index.php?title=Turnbull,_Reakes_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century tailors based in The Strand, London. [472] (#cite_note-472) Turner Shoes (/w/index.php?title=W._%26_E._Turner&action=edit&redlink=1) 150 strong chain of shoe shops purchased by Hepworths in 1978. [369] (#cite_note-auto38-369) [473] (#cite_note-473) [474] (#cite_note-474) Tyler Shoes (/w/index.php?title=John_Tyler_%26_Sons&action=edit&redlink=1) 1817 1996 Founded in Leceister in 1817 as a boot manufacturer, [475] (#cite_note-475) they branched out into retailing having shops across the UK and Eire. In 1986 the business was purchased by Bensonshoe and its 61 shops were incorporated under the Discount Shoe Zone brand from 1996. Van Allen (/w/index.php?title=Van_Allen_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1981 Ladies' fashion shop [476] (#cite_note-476) which closed in 1981 after being purchased by UDS three years earlier. [477] (#cite_note-477) Vantella (/w/index.php?title=Vantella&action=edit&redlink=1) Men's shirts shop that was based at 465 Oxford Street, London. [478] (#cite_note-478) Vince Man's Shop (/w/index.php?title=Vince_Man%27s_Shop&action=edit&redlink=1) 1954 1969 Founded by Bill Green initially as a mail order business, before opening a boutique in Newburgh Street, London. The business continued to operate until it was closed in 1969. [221] (#cite_note-auto26-221) Virgo (/w/index.php?title=Virgo_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) 2015 London based ladies' fashion retailer that went into administration in January 2015. [479] (#cite_note-479) Vogue Fashion Shops (/w/index.php?title=Vogue_Fashion_Shops&action=edit&redlink=1) Clothing retaler owned by Great Universal Stores. [294] (#cite_note-auto36-294) Wade Smith (/w/index.php?title=Wade_Smith_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1981 2005 Founded by Robert Wade Smith in Liverpool, [480] (#cite_note-480) the footwear retailer expanded to a 10 shop fashionwear chain before being purchased by the Arcadia Group in 1998. The business was sold by Arcadia back to Robert Wade Smith in 2001. [481] (#cite_note-481) The business closed down in 2005. [482] (#cite_note-482) Wakefields (Midlands) Ltd (/w/index.php?title=Wakefields_(Midlands)_Ltd&action=edit&redlink=1) Chain of 50 shops purchased by A G Milletts in 1984 [259] (#cite_note-auto7-259) F. Wallis (/w/index.php?title=F._Wallis_(hosier)&action=edit&redlink=1) Hosier and glover based at 56 Briggate, Leeds. In 1919 the shop was replaced by Timpsons. [483] (#cite_note-483) Walwyns (/w/index.php?title=Walwyns&action=edit&redlink=1) A shoe shop based in Moseley, Birmingham purchased by Clarks. Terry Warner Sports (/w/index.php?title=Terry_Warner_Sports&action=edit&redlink=1) 2000 Group of 21 shops, which was part of a management buyout in 1997. [484] (#cite_note-484) The shops were purchased by Hargreaves Sports in 2000. [485] (#cite_note-485) Watson Prickard (/w/index.php?title=Watson_Prickard&action=edit&redlink=1) c.19th century 2010 Founded in Liverpool during the 19th century, A W Cockeram bought the men's outfitters in 1893. [486] (#cite_note-486) The Liverpool shop was located at North John Street in Liverpool, [487] (#cite_note-487) and by the 1950s had a shop at 73/75 Princess Street, Manchester. [488] (#cite_note-488) In 1993 the business opened a shop in Lord Street, Southport, however this was closed by Howard Cockeram in 2010. Fred Watts & Co (/w/index.php?title=Fred_Watts_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century menswear shop based in Tottenham Court Road & Euston Road, London, [489] (#cite_note-489) which was believed to have been swallowed up by rival London firm Chas Baker & Co. Weaver to Weaver (/w/index.php?title=Weaver_to_Weaver&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1930s Retail arm of Towns Tailors. [490] (#cite_note-490) Name was changed to Towns Tailors after Great Universal Stores purchased the business in 1954. Werff (/w/index.php?title=Werff_Brothers&action=edit&redlink=1) Werff Brothers were founded in London during the 19th century and by the 1960s were a national chain for ladieswear. [491] (#cite_note-491) Werff also operated the My Fur Lady fur brand. [492] (#cite_note-492) West 8 (/w/index.php?title=West_8_(sports_retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Small chain of sports shops based in London owned founded by the Spurling family. [493] (#cite_note-493) The business was bought by Blacks Leisure in 1988 and merged into its newly created First Sport division. [494] (#cite_note-494) Western Jean Company (/w/index.php?title=Western_Jean_Company&action=edit&redlink=1) 1976 Chain of jeans and casual wear shops purchased by French Connection. Company is still registered as a dormant business along with French Connection at 20–22 Bedford Row, London. [495] (#cite_note-495) Whitneys (/w/index.php?title=Whitneys_(retailer)&action=edit&redlink=1) Clothing retaler owned by Great Universal Stores. [95] (#cite_note-auto14-95) Wilderness Ways (/w/index.php?title=Wilderness_Ways&action=edit&redlink=1) 1997 Outdoor clothing, footwear and equipment chain purchased and rebranded by Nevisport in 1997. Willerby & Co (/w/index.php?title=Willerby_%26_Co&action=edit&redlink=1) Men's tailors [496] (#cite_note-496) Williams & Hopkins (/w/index.php?title=Williams_%26_Hopkins&action=edit&redlink=1) c.1970s [114] (#cite_note-auto-114) Costumier and draper based in Bournemouth, [497] (#cite_note-497) whose name appeared in Vogue during the 1950s. [498] (#cite_note-498) J. O. Williams (/w/index.php?title=J._O._Williams_(tailor)&action=edit&redlink=1) 1895 Based in the Castle Buildings, Llanelli. The self-styled ladies' and gents' tailor and costumier was an agent for Burberry. [499] (#cite_note-499) Willsons Fashions (/w/index.php?title=Willsons_Fashions&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' fashion retailer that expanded after the Second World War. [128] (#cite_note-auto16-128) [500] (#cite_note-500) Wiltex (/wiki/Bonmarch%C3%A9) Retail chain based in north of England purchased by Parkash Singh Chima along with Wiltex to form Bonmarché. J & C Winter (/w/index.php?title=J_%26_C_Winter&action=edit&redlink=1) Holborn, London based Tailors and Outfitters founded in the 19th century. [501] (#cite_note-501) Woodrow (/w/index.php?title=Woodrow_(Piccadilly)&action=edit&redlink=1) Millners and outwear retailer based at 48Piccadilly, London with further branches at 42 Cornhill, London as well as Manchester, Liverpool, Glasgow and Dublin. [502] (#cite_note-502) [503] (#cite_note-503) Woolf Brothers (/wiki/Woolf_Brothers) 19th-century men's tailors based in King William Street, London. [504] (#cite_note-504) M. Woolf (/w/index.php?title=M._Woolf&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th-century tailors based in Lower Marsh, Lambeth, London. [505] (#cite_note-505) Worth Et Cie (/w/index.php?title=Worth_Et_Cie&action=edit&redlink=1) 19th century corset makes based at 134 New Bond Street. [506] (#cite_note-506) Woven Trends (/w/index.php?title=Woven_Trends&action=edit&redlink=1) 2017 Ladies' clothing and accessories company based in West Reading, specializing in luxury ladies' wear and accessories. Wyles Brothers (/w/index.php?title=Wyles_Brothers&action=edit&redlink=1) Founded in Derby as a footwear manufacturer, they moved into retail and had 50 shops before they were bought by G B Britton & Sons, manufacturers of TUF shoes in 1961. [507] (#cite_note-507) Xception (/wiki/Xception) New name for North West-based Parker Franks, a discounter selling a variety of clothes and homewares [508] (#cite_note-508) [356] (#cite_note-auto17-356) YHA Adventure Shops (/wiki/Youth_Hostels_Association_(England_%26_Wales)) 1950 2004 Founded by the YHA as mail order business, the first shop opened in 1953 in Bedford Street, London. In 1990 the shop management bought the business from the YHA and formed YHA Adventure Shops plc. This company was wound up in 2004. Zara (/w/index.php?title=Zara_(London)&action=edit&redlink=1) Ladies' accessory shop located at 71 New Bond Street, London at the turn of the century. [509] (#cite_note-509) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Denim label 7 For All Mankind to open first UK standalone – drapersonline p. 28 August 2010" (http://www.drapersonline.com/news/denim-label-7-for-all-mankind-to-open-first-uk-standalone/5016547.fullarticle) . 27 August 2010 . 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Retrieved 13 November 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-508) "The Lost Precinct An A to Z of Defunct retailers" (https://mancunian1001.wordpress.com/2012/05/18/the-lost-precinct-an-a-to-z-of-defunct-retailers/) . 18 May 2012 . Retrieved 11 May 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-509) "Zara – historyworld.co.uk Ad Museum" (http://www.historyworld.co.uk/advert.php?id=1435&offset=0&sort=2&l1=Fashion+%26+Clothing&l2=) . Retrieved 13 September 2016 . 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_clothing_and_footwear_shops_in_the_United_Kingdom&oldid=1233898645 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_clothing_and_footwear_shops_in_the_United_Kingdom&oldid=1233898645) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing retailers of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Clothing_retailers_of_the_United_Kingdom) Defunct retail companies of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Defunct_retail_companies_of_the_United_Kingdom) Lists of retailers (/wiki/Category:Lists_of_retailers) Retailing in the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Retailing_in_the_United_Kingdom) Footwear retailers (/wiki/Category:Footwear_retailers) Clothing-related lists (/wiki/Category:Clothing-related_lists) Hidden categories: All articles with dead external links (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links) Articles with dead external links from July 2022 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_July_2022) Articles with permanently dead external links (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links) Articles with dead external links from January 2019 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_January_2019) Articles with dead external links from June 2022 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_June_2022) Articles with dead external links from September 2023 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_September_2023) Articles with dead external links from November 2023 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_November_2023) Articles with dead external links from February 2018 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_February_2018) Articles with dead external links from November 2018 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_November_2018) Articles with dead external links from July 2021 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_July_2021) CS1 errors: missing title (/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_missing_title) CS1 errors: bare URL (/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_bare_URL) CS1 errors: requires URL (/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_requires_URL) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles needing additional references from June 2020 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_June_2020) All articles needing additional references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references) Use dmy dates from April 2018 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2018) Use British English from February 2017 (/wiki/Category:Use_British_English_from_February_2017) Articles using small message boxes (/wiki/Category:Articles_using_small_message_boxes) Incomplete lists from April 2016 (/wiki/Category:Incomplete_lists_from_April_2016) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from September 2020 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_September_2020) Articles with unsourced statements from March 2020 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_March_2020)
Rose Valois was the name of a millinery (/wiki/Milliner) establishment in Paris founded in 1927 by Madame Fernand Cleuet, Vera Leigh (/wiki/Vera_Leigh) , and one other. [1] (#cite_note-perkins-1) It closed in 1970. [2] (#cite_note-wad-2) [3] (#cite_note-vera-3) During its time, it was considered one of the leading milliners of the 1930s, 40s and 50s. [2] (#cite_note-wad-2) The founders of Rose Valois had all worked with Caroline Reboux (/wiki/Caroline_Reboux) , leaving in 1927 to found their own salon. [2] (#cite_note-wad-2) Rose was Mme Cleuet's first name, and Valois was a construct made up from the initials of Vera Leigh and the other (as yet unidentified) woman. [1] (#cite_note-perkins-1) [4] (#cite_note-dbnp-4) Leigh left Rose Valois in 1940, [4] (#cite_note-dbnp-4) which remained in business through the occupation of France by enemy German forces (/wiki/German_military_administration_in_occupied_France_during_World_War_II) during World War II, [5] (#cite_note-5) despite Leigh's later involvement as a member of the French Resistance (/wiki/French_Resistance) , leading to her arrest and execution by the Germans in 1944. [3] (#cite_note-vera-3) Rose's husband, Fernand Cleuet (d. June 1961) was chief executive officer of the establishment. [6] (#cite_note-6) Simone Mirman (/wiki/Simone_Mirman) , who later found fame as one of London's foremost milliners in the 1940s-1960s, served her apprenticeship (/wiki/Apprenticeship) with Valois. [7] (#cite_note-horwell-7) References [ edit ] ^ a b Perkins, Alice K. (1949). Paris Couturiers and Milliners . Fairchild Publications. p. 63. ^ a b c Waddell, Gavin (2004). How fashion works : couture, ready-to-wear, and mass production (Online-Ausg. ed.). Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science. p. 105. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781118814994 . ^ a b Escott, Beryl E. (2010). Heroines of the SOE Britain's secret women in France . Stroud: History. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780752462455 . ^ a b Nicholas, Elizabeth (1958). Death be not proud . London: Cresset Press. pp. 86–88. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Vaudoyer, Mary (2012). Whisper of truth . Memoirs Publishing. p. 88. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781909304307 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Obituary for Fernand Cleuet" (http://patrimoine.editionsjalou.com/lofficiel-de-la-mode-numero_473-474-page_466-detailp-13-518-466.html) . L'officiel de la mode (in French). No. 473–474. 1961. p. 466 . Retrieved 29 October 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-horwell_7-0) Horwell, Veronica (14 August 2008). "Obituary: Simone Mirman" (https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2008/aug/14/fashion.britishidentity) . The Guardian . Retrieved 18 July 2014 . Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/10144648170114648953) This French corporation or company article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Sri_Lanka) and see a list of open tasks. Sri Lanka Wikipedia:WikiProject Sri Lanka Template:WikiProject Sri Lanka Sri Lanka articles __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{&quot;headingLevel&quot;:2,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;h-Mabalu-2013-07-02T10:28:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;heading&quot;,&quot;level&quot;:0,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;h-Redlinks-2013-07-02T10:28:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;replies&quot;:[&quot;c-Mabalu-2013-07-02T10:28:00.000Z-Redlinks&quot;],&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Redlinks&quot;,&quot;linkableTitle&quot;:&quot;Redlinks&quot;} Redlinks [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Mabalu-2013-07-02T10:28:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Redlinks-2013-07-02T10:28:00.000Z","replies":["c-Mabalu-2013-07-02T10:28:00.000Z-Redlinks"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Mabalu-2013-07-03T11:44:00.000Z-Mabalu-2013-07-02T10:28:00.000Z","timestamp":"2013-07-03T11:44:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__2__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__1__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{&quot;headingLevel&quot;:2,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;h-Mabalu-2013-07-02T10:28:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;heading&quot;,&quot;level&quot;:0,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;h-Redlinks-2013-07-02T10:28:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;replies&quot;:[&quot;c-Mabalu-2013-07-02T10:28:00.000Z-Redlinks&quot;],&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Redlinks&quot;,&quot;linkableTitle&quot;:&quot;Redlinks&quot;} These were added to the template by User:Coolgama (/wiki/User:Coolgama) - I am posting here for discussion, having removed most of them again. Black (Gabardine) cap (/w/index.php?title=Black_(Gabardine)_cap&action=edit&redlink=1) - Probably not. What makes this distinct from all the other black caps (/wiki/Black_Cap_(disambiguation)) on Wikipedia? The link is incorrectly formatted. Technically it should be Black cap (gabardine) (/w/index.php?title=Black_cap_(gabardine)&action=edit&redlink=1) , but Black cap (South Asia) (/w/index.php?title=Black_cap_(South_Asia)&action=edit&redlink=1) would be more encyclopaedic. Elaborate Turban (/w/index.php?title=Elaborate_Turban&action=edit&redlink=1) - Dubious. Probably not. Unless it describes a very specific and distinct style of turban, I do not see how it is valid, as any turban could be called "elaborate". Kolhapuri pheta (/wiki/Kolhapuri_pheta) - Yes. I've verified that this is a real turban. Happy to keep it in, please do create the article soon. Mawali pheta (/w/index.php?title=Mawali_pheta&action=edit&redlink=1) - Dubious. I'm not so sure about this one. I see "main types are the Puneri Pagadi, Kolhapuri and Mawali pheta" from the Clothing in India (/wiki/Clothing_in_India) article but if so - what does a Mawali pheta look like, and why are there barely any turbans coming up on a Google search for the phrase? Zero hits for "Mawali turban". That's weird for a supposedly "main type" of turban. I have also kept this redlink, but with reservations - if the article is created, it needs to verify that this is a genuine style of turban and what makes it distinct, with good references. Mundase (/w/index.php?title=Mundase&action=edit&redlink=1) - Yes. I see multiple references to Indian headgear called the mundase. This is valid. Mysore Peta (/wiki/Mysore_Peta) - Yes! This article exists and is valid. No problems here. (NB: Should it be Mysore pheta (/w/index.php?title=Mysore_pheta&action=edit&redlink=1) in line with other 'phetas' for consistency?) Mysore turban (/wiki/Mysore_turban) - No. This seems to be the same thing as a Mysore Peta (/wiki/Mysore_Peta) . I have created a redirect, but duplicate links/redirects should be avoided in templates. Woollen cap (/w/index.php?title=Woollen_cap&action=edit&redlink=1) - No. This is a generic term describing any cap made of wool from any part of the world. At the very least the title should distinguish that the article is about an Asian woollen cap) Redlinks are valid, but they should be to logical entries for a template, and ideally, should be created before adding to templates such as this - particularly with articles that branch out from existing ones such as Pheta (/wiki/Pheta) . Mabalu (/wiki/User:Mabalu) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Mabalu) ) 10:28, 2 July 2013 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing_in_South_Asia#c-Mabalu-2013-07-02T10:28:00.000Z-Redlinks) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2013-07-02T10:28:00.000Z","author":"Mabalu","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Mabalu-2013-07-02T10:28:00.000Z-Redlinks","replies":["c-Mabalu-2013-07-03T11:44:00.000Z-Mabalu-2013-07-02T10:28:00.000Z"]}} Okay, I am removing Mawali pheta (/w/index.php?title=Mawali_pheta&action=edit&redlink=1) . Having carried out a more in-depth search, I suspect it is a hoax and no such turban officially exists. The only sources I can find are reprints of the Wikipedia pages, nothing independent or third-party. ZERO Google hits for alternative spellings such as "Mawali peta" and "Mawali turban". I will ask over on Talk:Clothing in India (/wiki/Talk:Clothing_in_India) as well. Mabalu (/wiki/User:Mabalu) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Mabalu) ) 11:44, 3 July 2013 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing_in_South_Asia#c-Mabalu-2013-07-03T11:44:00.000Z-Mabalu-2013-07-02T10:28:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2013-07-03T11:44:00.000Z","author":"Mabalu","type":"comment","level":3,"id":"c-Mabalu-2013-07-03T11:44:00.000Z-Mabalu-2013-07-02T10:28:00.000Z","replies":[]}} NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐kpp7p Cached time: 20240721214117 Cache expiry: 864000 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] DiscussionTools time usage: 0.015 seconds CPU time usage: 0.267 seconds Real time usage: 0.371 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2791/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 53349/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1015/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 31/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 34209/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.182/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3284352/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 304.185 1 -total 100.00% 304.185 1 Template:WikiProject_banner_shell 25.58% 77.819 1 Template:WikiProject_Fashion 19.55% 59.459 1 Template:WikiProject_India 18.12% 55.111 1 Template:WikiProject_Bangladesh 6.02% 18.299 1 Template:WikiProject_Pakistan 5.57% 16.937 1 Template:WikiProject_Nepal 5.27% 16.022 1 Template:WikiProject_Sri_Lanka 2.29% 6.981 6 Template:Pagetype 0.69% 2.114 1 Template:Yesno Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:28179203-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721214117 and revision id 1229200917. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Clothing_in_South_Asia&oldid=1229200917 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Clothing_in_South_Asia&oldid=1229200917) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Template-Class fashion articles (/wiki/Category:Template-Class_fashion_articles) NA-importance fashion articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_fashion_articles) Template-Class Bangladesh articles (/wiki/Category:Template-Class_Bangladesh_articles) NA-importance Bangladesh articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_Bangladesh_articles) WikiProject Bangladesh articles (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_Bangladesh_articles) Template-Class India articles (/wiki/Category:Template-Class_India_articles) NA-importance India articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_India_articles) Template-Class India articles of NA-importance (/wiki/Category:Template-Class_India_articles_of_NA-importance) WikiProject India articles (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_India_articles) Template-Class Nepal articles (/wiki/Category:Template-Class_Nepal_articles) NA-importance Nepal articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_Nepal_articles) WikiProject Nepal articles (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_Nepal_articles) Template-Class Pakistan articles (/wiki/Category:Template-Class_Pakistan_articles) NA-importance Pakistan articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_Pakistan_articles) WikiProject Pakistan articles (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_Pakistan_articles) Template-Class Sri Lanka articles (/wiki/Category:Template-Class_Sri_Lanka_articles) NA-importance Sri Lanka articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_Sri_Lanka_articles) WikiProject Sri Lanka articles (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_Sri_Lanka_articles)
Skin care company NARS Cosmetics Company type Subsidiary (/wiki/Subsidiary) Industry Personal care (/wiki/Personal_care) Founded 1994 ; 30 years ago ( 1994 ) Founder François Nars Key people Barbara Calcagni (President) [1] (#cite_note-1) Products Cosmetics (/wiki/Cosmetics) and skin care (/wiki/Skin_care) Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) Shiseido (/wiki/Shiseido) Website narscosmetics.com (https://www.narscosmetics.com) NARS store, King's Road (/wiki/King%27s_Road) , London, 2022 NARS Cosmetics is a French cosmetics (/wiki/Cosmetics) and skin care (/wiki/Skin_care) company founded by make-up artist (/wiki/Make-up_artist) and photographer François Nars in 1994. The cosmetics line began with twelve lipsticks sold at Barneys New York (/wiki/Barneys_New_York) . Since then, NARS has created various multi-use beauty products and is now a subsidiary of Shiseido (/wiki/Shiseido) . It mainly sells in department stores in about 30 countries including the Americas (/wiki/Americas) , Europe (/wiki/Europe) , Japan (/wiki/Japan) and Southeast Asia (/wiki/Southeast_Asia) . [2] (#cite_note-2) Founder [ edit ] François Nars was born in Tarbes (/wiki/Tarbes) in the south of France (/wiki/South_of_France) , [3] (#cite_note-3) and grew up influenced by his mother Claudette and her collection of designer clothes. She also helped him acquire his first job as an assistant to some of Paris' top makeup artists. After graduating from Carita Makeup school in Paris, Nars moved to New York in 1984, [4] (#cite_note-Aviator-4) and became known for his love of color and modern style. He also worked with photographer Steven Meisel (/wiki/Steven_Meisel) and hairstylist Oribe Canales. In the eighties and nineties, they produced magazine editorials in American Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , Vogue Italia (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) , and Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) . [5] (#cite_note-AnOther-5) In 1994, Nars launched NARS Cosmetics. Although the company was sold to Shiseido (/wiki/Shiseido) in 2000, [6] (#cite_note-Interview-6) Nars remains as artistic director (/wiki/Artistic_director) , in-house photographer, and copywriter for his brand. [7] (#cite_note-7) Products [ edit ] NARS' minimalist matte black, rubber packaging was created by Fabien Baron (/wiki/Fabien_Baron) , [5] (#cite_note-AnOther-5) who Nars met on a shoot in 1989. [8] (#cite_note-FASHION_magazine-8) NARS has an "Orgasm Collection" which includes powder blush, liquid blush, loose powder, lip gloss (/wiki/Lip_gloss) , lip stick, lip balm (/wiki/Lip_balm) , multiple use cream sticks, illuminators, full vinyl lip lacquer, and nail polish. [9] (#cite_note-9) Controversy [ edit ] Animal testing [ edit ] NARS is no longer a cruelty-free brand. [10] (#cite_note-chinaboycotted-10) In 2017, NARS announced that, despite being against animal testing, it was a requirement for selling products in the China (/wiki/China) market. [11] (#cite_note-11) In a public statement the company said: "We have decided to make NARS available in China because we feel it is important to bring our vision of beauty and artistry to fans in the region. NARS does not test on animals or ask others to do so on our behalf, except where required by law." The statement elicited a number of critical responses, some suggesting a boycott of its products. [10] (#cite_note-chinaboycotted-10) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Shiseido Announces Appointment of Louis Desazars as President & CEO of Shiseido Europe Region and President & CEO of Beauté Prestige International" (http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20150608006622/en/Shiseido-Announces-Appointment-Louis-Desazars-President-CEO) . www.businesswire.com (Press release). 8 June 2015 . Retrieved 6 April 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Shiseido to apply luxury Nars cosmetics line in China" (https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Shiseido-to-apply-luxury-Nars-cosmetics-line-in-China) . Nikkei Asian Review . Retrieved 2020-07-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "François Nars is celebrating 20 years of his make-up line - and he's still ahead of the game" (https://web.archive.org/web/20161202040429/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/features/fran-ois-nars-is-celebrating-20-years-of-his-make-up-line-and-hes-still-ahead-of-the-game-9709456.html) . Independent UK. 6 September 2014. Archived from the original (https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/features/fran-ois-nars-is-celebrating-20-years-of-his-make-up-line-and-hes-still-ahead-of-the-game-9709456.html) on December 2, 2016 . Retrieved 2 December 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Aviator_4-0) "The François Nars Story" (https://www.aviatorbytag.com/journal/issue-09_nars-special-edition/feature_the-francois-nars-story) . aviatorbytag.com . Retrieved 8 November 2016 . ^ a b Graham, Mhairi (24 September 2014). "Twenty Years of Lipstick" (http://www.anothermag.com/art-photography/3882/nars-twenty-years-of-lipstick) . AnOtherMag . Retrieved 8 November 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Interview_6-0) Evangelista, Linda (26 March 2013). "François Nars" (http://www.interviewmagazine.com/fashion/francois-nars-1/#_) . Interview Magazine . Retrieved 8 November 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "François Nars" (https://www.interviewmagazine.com/fashion/francois-nars-1) . Interview Magazine. 2013-03-26 . Retrieved 2022-09-17 . ^ (#cite_ref-FASHION_magazine_8-0) Molvar, Kari (2 September 2014). "Everything you need to know about François Nars on the 20th anniversary of the iconic brand" (https://fashionmagazine.com/beauty/nars/) . FASHION Magazine . Retrieved 8 November 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "NARS Cosmetics" (https://www.narscosmetics.com/USA/search?q=orgasm&lang=default) . narscosmetics.com . Retrieved 2018-11-26 . ^ a b "Nars make-up boycotted, after cosmetics tested on animals in China" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/article/40440306/nars-make-up-boycotted-after-cosmetics-tested-on-animals-in-china) . BBC. 28 June 2017 . Retrieved 28 June 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Nars make-up boycotted, after cosmetics tested on animals in China" (https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-40440306) . BBC News. 2017-06-29 . 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Lifestyle(s) intended to improve appearance Looksmaxxing is a term that refers to maximizing one’s own physical attractiveness (/wiki/Physical_attractiveness) that originates from incel (/wiki/Incel) internet forums (/wiki/Internet_forum) . [1] (#cite_note-:4-1) "Looksmaxxing" can be traced back to mid-2014 and emerged on message boards (/wiki/Message_boards) Lookism, Sluthate, and PUAHate. [2] (#cite_note-2) In the 2020s, the term left relatively obscure internet forums, and was popularised on TikTok (/wiki/TikTok) . [1] (#cite_note-:4-1) Proponents of "looksmaxxing" refer to simple practices as "softmaxxing", including proper hygiene, skincare, hairstyles suited to one's face shape, exercise routines, wearing fashionable clothing, as well as " mewing (/wiki/Mewing_(orthotropics)) "; a scientifically unsupported tongue posture practice purported to improve jaw structure. "Hardmaxxing" refers to more extreme and permanent methods, including undergoing cosmetic procedures such as jaw surgery (/wiki/Jaw_surgery) . [3] (#cite_note-:5-3) While some looksmaxxing ideas have been deemed helpful for male self improvement, online forums have been criticized for contributing to male body dysmorphia (/wiki/Body_dysmorphic_disorder) , and the spread of misogynistic and racist beliefs. [1] (#cite_note-:4-1) The spread of lookmaxxing content on TikTok is said to exclude many of the "toxic" elements seen on forums. [3] (#cite_note-:5-3) Overview [ edit ] "Softmaxxing" [ edit ] Looksmaxxing is a practice in which people perform several body care routines in an effort to improve ones physical appearance. Some of these practices are fairly common and standard, such as clearing up facial acne (/wiki/Acne) , going to the gym, getting a new haircut, or moisturizing (/wiki/Moisturizing) . These practices are the most popular, and are considered "softmaxxing". Additional practices have been associated with looksmaxxing, with a popular example being the act of " mewing (/wiki/Mewing_(facial_restructuring_technique)) ", which involves performing various exercises with one's tongue with the goal of achieving a "square jawline". [4] (#cite_note-Rosdahl-4) [5] (#cite_note-:0-5) These methods are the most popular ones shared around TikTok (/wiki/TikTok) , where men are typically the ones giving the advice. These methods were previously popularized with magazines such as GQ (/wiki/GQ) , Esquire (/wiki/Esquire_(magazine)) , and Men's Health (/wiki/Men%27s_Health) sharing around skincare and hairstyle advice. Some that partake in "looksmaxxing" consider themselves to be making "facial gains". [5] (#cite_note-:0-5) "Hardmaxxing" [ edit ] Some people who perform looksmaxxing have also performed more extreme methods. This has been coined as "hardmaxxing", and those who practice them refer to themselves as "hardmaxxers". Practices associated with hardmaxxing include getting implants or limb-lengthening surgeries, intentionally starving oneself ("starvemaxxing"), using moisturizers to attempt to appear more white (/wiki/White_people) ("whitemaxxing"), and withholding sexual climax (/wiki/Sexual_climax) in an effort to boost testosterone (/wiki/Testosterone) (" edging (/wiki/Edging_(sexual_practice)) "). [4] (#cite_note-Rosdahl-4) [5] (#cite_note-:0-5) An additional method, known as "bonesmashing", refers to the act of hitting one's face against objects such as a hammer in order to create a "chiselled look". While this practice is considered an inside joke and few have actually done it, it has been warned as misinformation (/wiki/Misinformation) . [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) [7] (#cite_note-:2-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) Some that partake in looksmaxxing also look for others to rate their appearance, with some engaging in anonymous message boards associated with incel (/wiki/Incel) sub-culture. This rating has been considered to be one's "sexual market value". [4] (#cite_note-Rosdahl-4) [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) Those that determine this value usually check for a variety of different facial features. One of the most prominent features checked for is "hunter eyes", which refers to a positive canthal tilt (/wiki/Canthal_tilt) , resembling that of a predatorial animal. Additional features checked for include hollow cheeks and "pursed lips". [5] (#cite_note-:0-5) [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) In order to achieve these features, some perform acts such as the aforementioned "mewing", rubbing against the orbital area, or even getting surgery. [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) [7] (#cite_note-:2-7) [3] (#cite_note-:5-3) Those who receive a low rating are often harassed for their appearance afterwards, with some forms of harassment including suicide encouragement (known in some legal jurisdictions as "Incitement to Suicide"). [4] (#cite_note-Rosdahl-4) Additional terms have been coined by these communities in an effort to "dominate others". These phrases include "mogging", which refers to asserting dominance over another person based on their appearance, and being "Y-pilled", which refers to one viewing themselves as more masculine than the other and is a spin on the phrase " redpilled (/wiki/Redpilled) ". [5] (#cite_note-:0-5) [7] (#cite_note-:2-7) History [ edit ] This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Looksmaxxing&action=edit&section=) . ( February 2024 ) The practice originated on " manosphere (/wiki/Manosphere) " message boards such as Lookism.net and Incels.me in the 2010s. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) In 2015, a forum site named Looksmaxxer.com was registered to the Internet Archive (/wiki/Internet_Archive) , [ citation needed ] coining the term "looksmaxxing" and inspiring its usage on anonymous imageboard websites such as 4chan (/wiki/4chan) . Looksmaxxing became a TikTok trend in the 2020s, amongst mostly teenagers. [4] (#cite_note-Rosdahl-4) [5] (#cite_note-:0-5) Criticism [ edit ] Looksmaxxing has been connected to incel sub-culture since its origins within it. [4] (#cite_note-Rosdahl-4) [5] (#cite_note-:0-5) [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) Writing for The Conversation , senior lecturer and researcher Jamilla Rosdahl of the Australian College of Applied Psychology (/wiki/Australian_College_of_Applied_Psychology) considered the practice to convert young men into incels as a result of TikTok algorithms (/wiki/Algorithm) . On the popularity of looksmaxxing amongst young people overall, she wrote that "where young people feel like they can’t control their environment, they may turn to trends such as looksmaxxing as something they can control," attributing several real world problems such as an unstable economy. [4] (#cite_note-Rosdahl-4) Several acts associated with looksmaxxing have been criticized by doctors and dismissed as misinformation, including mewing and bonesmashing. [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) See also [ edit ] Lookism (/wiki/Lookism) Incel (/wiki/Incel) Heightism (/wiki/Heightism) Body privilege (/wiki/Body_privilege) References [ edit ] ^ a b c Farrell, Riley (27 March 2024). "Inside looksmaxxing, the extreme cosmetic social media trend" (https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20240326-inside-looksmaxxing-the-extreme-cosmetic-social-media-trend) . BBC . Retrieved 23 April 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Conti, Allie; Kantrowitz, Lia (20 June 2018). "Inside the Disturbing Forum Incels Use to Brutally Criticize Each Other's Faces" (https://www.vice.com/en/article/3k449v/inside-the-disturbing-forum-incels-use-to-brutally-criticize-each-others-faces) . Vice (/wiki/Vice_(magazine)) . Retrieved 25 February 2024 . ^ a b c Usborne, Simon (15 February 2024). "From bone smashing to chin extensions: how 'looksmaxxing' is reshaping young men's faces" (https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2024/feb/15/from-bone-smashing-to-chin-extensions-how-looksmaxxing-is-reshaping-young-mens-faces) . The Guardian . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0261-3077 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077) . Retrieved 15 February 2024 . ^ a b c d e f g Rosdahl, Jamilla (31 January 2024). " (https://theconversation.com/looksmaxxing-is-the-disturbing-tiktok-trend-turning-young-men-into-incels-221724) 'Looksmaxxing' is the disturbing TikTok trend turning young men into incels" (https://theconversation.com/looksmaxxing-is-the-disturbing-tiktok-trend-turning-young-men-into-incels-221724) . The Conversation . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240213201801/https://theconversation.com/looksmaxxing-is-the-disturbing-tiktok-trend-turning-young-men-into-incels-221724) from the original on 13 February 2024 . Retrieved 11 February 2024 . ^ a b c d e f g Notopoulos, Katie. " (https://www.businessinsider.com/looksmaxxing-tiktok-trend-explained-men-trade-beauty-tips-2023-11) 'Looksmaxxing' is the new TikTok trend for young men who want to be hot" (https://www.businessinsider.com/looksmaxxing-tiktok-trend-explained-men-trade-beauty-tips-2023-11) . Business Insider (/wiki/Business_Insider) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240213051533/https://www.businessinsider.com/looksmaxxing-tiktok-trend-explained-men-trade-beauty-tips-2023-11) from the original on 13 February 2024 . Retrieved 11 February 2024 . ^ a b c d e Sharma, Ruchira (7 June 2023). "Women Want One Thing in Men, and It's 'Hunter Eyes' (https://www.vice.com/en/article/7kxxb4/hunter-eyes-men-trend) " (https://www.vice.com/en/article/7kxxb4/hunter-eyes-men-trend) . Vice (/wiki/Vice) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240206042732/https://www.vice.com/en/article/7kxxb4/hunter-eyes-men-trend) from the original on 6 February 2024 . Retrieved 11 February 2024 . ^ a b c Nejam, Abderrahemane (8 November 2023). " (https://www.dailydot.com/news/looksmaxxing-trend-men/) 'The majority of looksmaxxers are in their late teens': Inside the bizarre trend that's exploding in popularity among young men" (https://www.dailydot.com/news/looksmaxxing-trend-men/) . The Daily Dot . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240213051533/https://www.dailydot.com/news/looksmaxxing-trend-men/) from the original on 13 February 2024 . Retrieved 11 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Zizaza, Nicky (6 November 2023). "What is bone smashing? The dangerous TikTok beauty trend surgeons are warning against - CBS Baltimore" (https://www.cbsnews.com/baltimore/news/what-is-bone-smashing-tiktok-beauty-trend/) . www.cbsnews.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240214021532/https://www.cbsnews.com/baltimore/news/what-is-bone-smashing-tiktok-beauty-trend/) from the original on 14 February 2024 . Retrieved 11 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Bernstein, Joseph (6 November 2023). "Young Men Seek Answers to an Age-Old Question: How to Be Hot" (https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/06/style/looksmaxxing-tik-tok-dillon-latham.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . Retrieved 15 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Miller, Alicia (22 February 2024). "The Origins and Detrimental Effects of the Looksmaxxing Trend" (https://theoxfordblue.co.uk/the-origins-and-detrimental-effects-of-looksmaxxing-trend/) . The Oxford Blue . Retrieved 25 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Zizaza, Nicky (6 November 2023). "What is bone smashing? The dangerous TikTok beauty trend surgeons are warning against - CBS Baltimore" (https://www.cbsnews.com/baltimore/news/what-is-bone-smashing-tiktok-beauty-trend/) . www.cbsnews.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240214021532/https://www.cbsnews.com/baltimore/news/what-is-bone-smashing-tiktok-beauty-trend/) from the original on 14 February 2024 . Retrieved 15 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Bellot, Carmen (22 December 2023). "Can TikTok Tips Really Create a More Defined Jawline?" (https://www.esquire.com/uk/style/grooming/a46200555/tik-tok-defined-jawline/) . Esquire . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240213053035/https://www.esquire.com/uk/style/grooming/a46200555/tik-tok-defined-jawline/) from the original on 13 February 2024 . 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( March 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Journelle Industry Apparel (/wiki/Apparel) Founded 2007 ; 17 years ago ( 2007 ) [1] (#cite_note-WomensWearDaily2015August19IredaleJessica-1) Founder Claire Chambers [1] (#cite_note-WomensWearDaily2015August19IredaleJessica-1) Headquarters New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) Number of locations 4 (Dec 2011) [2] (#cite_note-WomensWearDaily2011December9MongetKaryn-2) Area served United States and Canada Products Bras Panties Hosiery Lingerie sleepwear loungewear Number of employees 70 Website journelle (http://Journelle.com) .com (http://Journelle.com) Journelle is a luxury lingerie company based in New York (/wiki/New_York_City) . Founded by Claire Chambers, [3] (#cite_note-Forbes2011October14CasserlyMeghan-3) the name Journelle comes from the archaic French word journellement meaning 'daily', as lingerie is designed to be worn every day. Locations [ edit ] New York [ edit ] Journelle's flagship store in Union Square opened its doors in December 2007. In November 2010, Journelle opened a store in Soho (/wiki/SoHo,_Manhattan) at 125 Mercer St. In 2011, Journelle opened its Upper East Side store on the corner of 73rd St. and 3rd Ave. [ citation needed ] Chicago [ edit ] In November 2015, Journelle opened its Chicago location at 1725 N. Damen Street between Willow and Wabansia Chicago, IL 60647. [1] (#cite_note-WomensWearDaily2015August19IredaleJessica-1) [4] (#cite_note-4) Products [ edit ] Journelle carries lingerie ranging from everyday basics to special occasions. It is known to have "pretty, lacy, delicate lingerie". [5] (#cite_note-huffington2013-5) The store also stocks loungewear, hosiery, shapewear, and accessories. Some brands and designers they carry include Chantelle (/wiki/Chantelle_(lingerie)) , Hanky Panky, Eberjey, Fleur of England, Wolford (/wiki/Wolford) , Natori (/wiki/Josie_Natori) , Simone Perele, and La Perla (/wiki/La_Perla_(clothing)) . [ citation needed ] In February 2013, the company bottled its signature scent, The Linden flower, and created its own lingerie wash. Before the 2012 holiday season, it debuted luxury sleepwear under its company name and launched its full Journelle Collection, AW15. [ citation needed ] The Grey Lady [ edit ] During the summer of 2013, Journelle launched a mobile pop-up shop (/wiki/Pop-up_retail) road trip. The company retrofitted a 1970 Land Yacht Airstream to resemble the stores' aesthetic and atmosphere, complete with a tucked away dressing room, a lounging banquette, and custom shelving. [6] (#cite_note-RueAirstream-6) The airstream, named the Grey Lady, kicked off the summer in Sag Harbor (/wiki/Sag_Harbor) , then travelled to Boston, Chicago, and Washington D.C. During New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) , the Grey Lady popped up at the Standard Hotel (/wiki/The_Standard,_High_Line) 's High Line (/wiki/High_Line) location. [7] (#cite_note-Women'sWearDaily2013September04MongetKaryn-7) The road trip served as a way for Journelle to meet already loyal customers and introduce them to the personal in-store experience, as well as a way to test top e-commerce markets for potential store expansion. [6] (#cite_note-RueAirstream-6) Free The Girls [ edit ] In 2012, Journelle began an annual partnership with the nonprofit Free The Girls for a Spring Cleaning bra drive. Journelle collects gently used bras to send to the organization, which supports women who have been rescued from trafficking. [8] (#cite_note-ftg-8) Journelle runs the drive in each of their stores, as well as online, offering discounts to participants who donate gently used bras. They also donate $1 for each bra donated. [9] (#cite_note-springcleaning-9) The bras are delivered by Free The Girls to safe houses in Mozambique that assist former trafficking victims in selling the bras to local women.. By earning their wages and building their business model, these women can support themselves and their families. [8] (#cite_note-ftg-8) History [ edit ] Claire Chambers founded Journelle in 2007, opening additional stores in SoHo and Miami Beach (/wiki/Miami_Beach,_Florida) in 2010, [10] (#cite_note-10) and on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in 2011. [11] (#cite_note-11) In 2013, Triumph International (/wiki/Triumph_International) acquired a majority stake in Journelle. Chambers departed in 2015 [12] (#cite_note-12) shortly before opening their Chicago store. In the summer of 2019, Journelle was acquired by Cosabella co-chief executive officer and creative director Guido Campello and his wife Sapna Palep. [13] (#cite_note-13) References [ edit ] ^ a b c Iredale, Jessica (19 August 2015). "Journelle Launches Private Label Lingerie Collection" (http://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/journelle-private-label-lingerie-collection-10203761/) . Fashion News. Women's Wear Daily . United States: Penske Media Corporation. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0149-5380 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0149-5380) . Retrieved 24 January 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-WomensWearDaily2011December9MongetKaryn_2-0) Monget, Karyn; Ianaccone, Thomas (9 December 2011). "Journelle Expands Franchise" (http://wwd.com/fashion-news/activewear/journelle-opens-fourth-boutique-5422666/) . Women's Wear Daily . Vol. 202, no. 121. United States: Penske Media Corporation. p. 10. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0149-5380 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0149-5380) . Retrieved 17 September 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-Forbes2011October14CasserlyMeghan_3-0) Casserly, Meghan (14 October 2011). "Journelle CEO Claire Chambers To Aspiring Entrepreneurs: Never Stop Networking" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/meghancasserly/2011/10/14/journelle-ceo-claire-chambers-entrepreneurs-never-stop-networking) . Forbes . United States . Retrieved 23 August 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Journelle" (https://www.timeout.com/chicago/shopping/journelle) . Time Out Chicago . August 18, 2016 . Retrieved 2017-01-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-huffington2013_5-0) "7 Lingerie Stores That Aren't Victoria's Secret" (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/11/12/lingerie-victorias-secret_n_4254972.html?ir=Style) . The Huffington Post . 12 November 2013 . Retrieved 3 March 2014 . ^ a b "Shop Spotlight: Journelle Airstream" (http://www.ruemag.com/trends-shopping/shop-spotlight/journelle-airstream) . Rue Daily . 25 November 2013 . Retrieved 3 March 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Women'sWearDaily2013September04MongetKaryn_7-0) Monget, Karyn (4 September 2013). "Journelle Hits the Road in Vintage Airstream Trailer" (http://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/journelle-hits-the-road-in-vintage-airstream-trailer-7111006/) . Fashion News. Women's Wear Daily . United States: Penske Media Corporation . Retrieved 3 March 2014 . ^ a b "Our Story" (http://freethegirls.org/about/our-story/) . Free The Girls . Retrieved 3 March 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-springcleaning_9-0) "Journelle Spring Cleaning Bra Drive" (http://freethegirls.org/event/journelle-spring-cleaning-bra-drive/) . Free The Girls . Retrieved 3 March 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Kleinman, Rebecca (March 1, 2010). "Journelle Opens in Miami Beach" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/activewear/journelle-opens-in-miami-beach-2518873/) . Women's Wear Daily . Retrieved November 8, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Yannetta, Tiffany (December 12, 2011). "Journelle Takes Its Lingerie Uptown to Third Avenue" (https://ny.racked.com/2011/12/12/7742069/journelle-takes-its-lingerie-uptown-to-third-avenue) . Racked . Retrieved November 8, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Hughs, Aria (October 29, 2015). "Journelle's Founder and CEO Leaves Company" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/activewear/claire-chambers-leaves-journelle-10270754/) . Women's Wear Daily . Retrieved November 8, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Ell, Kellie (October 15, 2019). "Lingerie Company Journelle Gets New Owners, Seeks to Expand Into Medical" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/intimates/journelle-new-owners-medical-lingerie-1203344986/) . Women's Wear Daily . Retrieved October 15, 2019 . External links [ edit ] Journelle.com (http://www.journelle.com/) v t e Lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) Upper torso Types (/wiki/List_of_bra_designs) of bras (/wiki/Bra) History (/wiki/History_of_bras) Bandeau (/wiki/Bandeau) Bralette (/wiki/Bralette) Nursing bra (/wiki/Nursing_bra) Sports bra (/wiki/Sports_bra) Training bra (/wiki/Training_bra) Underwire bra (/wiki/Underwire_bra) Male bra (/wiki/Male_bra) Other garments Babydoll (/wiki/Babydoll) Bustier (/wiki/Bustier) Camisole (/wiki/Camisole) Dudou (/wiki/Dudou) Negligee (/wiki/Negligee) Nightgown (/wiki/Nightgown) Torsolette (/wiki/Torsolette) Yếm (/wiki/Y%E1%BA%BFm) Lower torso Bikini (/wiki/Bikini) Boyshorts (/wiki/Boyshorts) French knickers (/wiki/French_knickers) Fundoshi (/wiki/Fundoshi) Girdle (/wiki/Girdle_(undergarment)) Girl boxers (/wiki/Girl_boxers) Panties (/wiki/Panties) Period underwear (/wiki/Period_underwear) Tanga (/wiki/Thong) Tap pants (/wiki/Tap_pants) Thong (/wiki/Thong) ( G-string (/wiki/G-string) ) Bloomers (/wiki/Bloomers) Full torso Bodice (/wiki/Bodice) Corset (/wiki/Corset) Corselet (/wiki/Corselet) Foundation garment (/wiki/Foundation_garment) Nightshirt (/wiki/Nightshirt) Playsuit (/wiki/Playsuit_(lingerie)) Slip (/wiki/Slip_(clothing)) Teddy (/wiki/Teddy_(garment)) Hosiery (/wiki/Hosiery) Bodystocking (/wiki/Bodystocking) Garter (/wiki/Garter) Hold-ups (/wiki/Hold-ups) Knee highs (/wiki/Knee_highs) Pantyhose (/wiki/Pantyhose) Stocking (/wiki/Stocking) Tights (/wiki/Tights) Historical Basque (/wiki/Basque_(clothing)) Boudoir cap (/wiki/Boudoir_cap) Bustle (/wiki/Bustle) Chemise (/wiki/Chemise) Crinoline (/wiki/Crinoline) Farthingale (/wiki/Farthingale) Hoop skirt (/wiki/Hoop_skirt) Liberty bodice (/wiki/Liberty_bodice) Pannier (/wiki/Pannier_(clothing)) Pantalettes (/wiki/Pantalettes) Petticoat (/wiki/Petticoat) Pettipants (/wiki/Pettipants) Waist cincher (/wiki/Waist_cincher) Accessories Falsies (/wiki/Falsies) Lingerie tape (/wiki/Lingerie_tape) Brands List of lingerie brands (/wiki/List_of_lingerie_brands) Retail Bras N Things (/wiki/Bras_N_Things) Cosmo Lady (/wiki/Cosmo_Lady) Figleaves (/wiki/Figleaves) HerRoom (/wiki/HerRoom) Journelle True & Co. (/wiki/True_%26_Co.) Related Corset controversy (/wiki/Corset_controversy) Bralessness (/wiki/Bralessness) Lingerie party (/wiki/Lingerie_party) UK Lingerie Awards (/wiki/UK_Lingerie_Awards) v t e Hosiery (/wiki/Hosiery) Lower leg Bobby socks (/wiki/Bobby_sock) Bootee (/wiki/Bootee) Knee highs (/wiki/Knee_highs) Leg warmer (/wiki/Leg_warmer) Loose socks (/wiki/Loose_socks) Socks (/wiki/Sock) Tabi (/wiki/Tabi) Toe socks (/wiki/Toe_socks) Crew sock (/wiki/Crew_sock) Dress socks (/wiki/Dress_socks) Anklet (/wiki/Anklet_(sock)) Low cut (/wiki/Low_cut_sock) Full leg Leggings (/wiki/Leggings) Legskin (/wiki/Legskin) Fully fashioned stockings (/wiki/Fully_fashioned_stockings) Hold-ups (/wiki/Hold-ups) Garter (/wiki/Garter) Pantyhose (/wiki/Pantyhose) RHT stockings (/wiki/RHT_stockings) Stocking (/wiki/Stocking) Tights (/wiki/Tights) Yoga pants (/wiki/Yoga_pants) Full body Bodystocking (/wiki/Bodystocking) Historical Boothose (/wiki/Boothose) Hose (/wiki/Hose_(clothing)) Brands Aristoc (/wiki/Aristoc) Bonds (/wiki/Bonds_(clothing)) Calzedonia (/wiki/Calzedonia) Edoo (/wiki/Hanesbrands) Frederick's of Hollywood (/wiki/Frederick%27s_of_Hollywood) Gerbe (/wiki/Gerbe_(lingerie)) Gunze (/wiki/Gunze) Hanes (/wiki/Hanes) HUE (/wiki/Kayser-Roth) Coopers (/wiki/Jockey_International) L'eggs (/wiki/L%27eggs) Levante (/wiki/Levante_(hosiery)) Lululemon Athletica (/wiki/Lululemon_Athletica) No Nonsense (/wiki/Kayser-Roth) Pretty Polly (/wiki/Pretty_Polly_(hosiery)) Spanx (/wiki/Spanx) Victoria's Secret (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret) Wigwam (/wiki/Wigwam_Mills) Wolford (/wiki/Wolford) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐776f6b9c48‐np28l Cached time: 20240716014315 Cache expiry: 1376207 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.624 seconds Real time usage: 0.786 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2694/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 69277/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3120/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 69387/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.438/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 13895422/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 684.207 1 -total 26.26% 179.701 1 Template:Reflist 20.22% 138.370 1 Template:Lang 19.10% 130.681 1 Template:Infobox_company 17.49% 119.652 4 Template:Cite_magazine 17.35% 118.712 1 Template:Infobox 14.94% 102.216 3 Template:Navbox 14.06% 96.225 1 Template:Lingerie 10.72% 73.373 1 Template:Advert 8.34% 57.031 1 Template:Ambox Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:37035485-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716014315 and revision id 1234767887. 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American fashion designer Azalea Thorpe 1961 Born Azalea Stuart Gray ( 1911-04-10 ) 10 April 1911 Peebles (/wiki/Peebles) , Scotland Died 29 December 1988 (1988-12-29) (aged 77) Santa Fe, New Mexico (/wiki/Santa_Fe,_New_Mexico) Nationality Scottish / American Other names Azalea Stuart Thorpe, Azalea Thorpe New Occupation(s) fashion designer, weaver Years active 1953–1970 Azalea Thorpe (10 April 1911 – 29 December 1988) was a Scottish (/wiki/Scottish_people) -born American weaver and textile designer. Known for her innovative experimentation with both natural and synthetic materials, Thorpe was a featured instructor and lecturer throughout the United States. She has weavings (/wiki/Weaving) in the permanent collection of the Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) . An annual award given in her honor is presented by the Institute of American Indian Arts (/wiki/Institute_of_American_Indian_Arts) for fiber arts. Early life [ edit ] Azalea Stuart Gray was born on 10 April 1911 in Peebles (/wiki/Peebles) , Scotland to Marion R. "May" and Andrew Gray. [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican''1989a4-1) [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESocial_Security_Death_Index1988-2) [3] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEllis_Island_Passenger_Lists1916584–585-3) She immigrated in 1916, with her mother to the United States, joining their father in Flint, Michigan (/wiki/Flint,_Michigan) , [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEllis_Island_Passenger_Lists1916-4) where he was employed as a machinist in an automobile plant. [5] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEU._S._Census192013-A-5) After the family's arrival, another daughter, Marcia, was born. The girls attended public schools in Flint and at the age of eighteen, Gray was working in the automobile industry. [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican''1989a4-1) [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEU._S._Census19303-A-6) By the mid-1930s, she had married Alfred E. Thorpe, moved to Ohio and in 1937, the couple had their daughter, Sheila. [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican''1989a4-1) [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEU._S._Census194063-B-7) After Thorpe divorced, she moved to Europe, where she traveled extensively and studied French for eighteen months. Returning to the United States, she enrolled in a textile design course at Cranbrook Academy of Art (/wiki/Cranbrook_Academy_of_Art) in Bloomfield Hills (/wiki/Bloomfield_Hills) , Michigan, [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican''1989a4-1) studying with Marianne Strengell (/wiki/Marianne_Strengell) . [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdams196114-8) Career [ edit ] Upon her graduation from Cranbrook, Thorpe began teaching weaving techniques and by 1953, was conducting a speaking tour with exhibits on weaving. [9] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Indianapolis_Star''19537-9) [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdams196116-10) After several years of teaching at Cranbrook, she moved to Deer Isle, Maine (/wiki/Deer_Isle,_Maine) , where she taught at the Haystack Mountain School of Crafts (/wiki/Haystack_Mountain_School_of_Crafts) before moving to New York City around 1953. [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdams196114-8) In New York, Thorpe opened a design studio in Manhattan (/wiki/Manhattan) at 10th Avenue and 57th Street (/wiki/57th_Street_(Manhattan)) , [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican''1989a4-1) where she experimented with a range of both natural and synthetic fibers. [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdams196116-10) She continued with her own education at the Scottish Woollen Technical College (/w/index.php?title=Scottish_Woollen_Technical_College&action=edit&redlink=1) in Galashiels (/wiki/Galashiels) , Scotland and taught at the Fashion Institute of Technology (/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Technology) in the 1950s. [11] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdams196114,_16-11) Thorpe was interested in textile manufacture for both industrial and home use. She designed fabrics for use in coats, drapery, rugs, and wall coverings as well as a special fabric for use with speakers (/wiki/Loudspeaker) which would not distort the transmission of sound. [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdams196116-10) [12] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Fort_Lauderdale_News''19587-12) She participated as a technical advisor, along with Jack Lenor Larsen (/wiki/Jack_Lenor_Larsen) and Russel Wright (/wiki/Russel_Wright) , to the International Cooperation Administration (/wiki/International_Cooperation_Administration) . [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdams196116-10) She was interested in varied dyeing (/wiki/Dyeing) techniques and conducted in-depth research on new types of materials, such as the natural protein fiber Vicara [13] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Lubbock_Avalanche-Journal''195951-13) [14] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKulpPonte2000737-14) and corn fiber to determine its adaptability for both design and manufacture. Her research was conducted as a collaboration with the architect Kent Cooper. [13] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Lubbock_Avalanche-Journal''195951-13) Displaying her work at craft fairs and exhibitions, [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdams196116-10) in varied locations like Texas and Florida, [12] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Fort_Lauderdale_News''19587-12) [13] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Lubbock_Avalanche-Journal''195951-13) she also juried events for the National Conference of American Craftsmen and the annual International Women's Exhibition, among others. [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdams196116-10) [15] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Adirondack_Record_Elizabethtown_Post''19591-15) In addition to her design work, Thorpe, who was a jazz (/wiki/Jazz) enthusiast, wrote as a columnist at Downbeat Magazine (/wiki/Downbeat_Magazine) . Meeting many of the noted musicians in the field, she worked as a personal manager for such artists as the De Paris Brothers, Sidney (/wiki/Sidney_De_Paris) and Wilbur (/wiki/Wilbur_de_Paris) ; Miles Davis (/wiki/Miles_Davis) ; and Abbey Lincoln (/wiki/Abbey_Lincoln) . [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican''1989a4-1) She exhibited works at the Brussels World Fair (/wiki/Brussels_World_Fair) in 1958 and toured Europe with the United States Information Service Exhibit. Her works were featured in major museum collections, such as a 1954 weaving in the permanent holdings of the Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) . [16] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVictoria_and_Albert_Museum2017-16) In 1960, she was part of a New York State Education Department television series Adventures in Art where she discussed weaving. [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdams196116-10) [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''Art_Education''195919-17) In 1962, Thorpe moved to Santa Fe, New Mexico and began teaching weaving at the newly founded Institute of American Indian Arts (/wiki/Institute_of_American_Indian_Arts) (IAIA). [18] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010133-18) [Notes 1] (#cite_note-20) She served as the chair of the fiber and textile arts department of IAIA, [20] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican''196622-21) but continued to work on research projects in New York, like a 1964 study of South and Central American textiles. [21] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican''19646-22) On 11 November 1966, Thorpe married Lloyd Kiva New (/wiki/Lloyd_Kiva_New) , [20] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican''196622-21) a Cherokee (/wiki/Cherokee_Nation) fashion designer (/wiki/Native_American_fashion) . [19] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_New_York_Times''2002-19) Thorpe left the IAIA in 1966, returning east to conduct seminars and study Southeastern weaving techniques. [20] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican''196622-21) [22] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESlivka19669-23) She published articles on the school and in 1967, co-authored the book Elements of Weaving with Jack Lenor Larsen [23] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThorpe196513-24) [24] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Philadelphia_Inquirer''196725-25) and the following year returned as head of the fiber department at IAIA. [25] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Albuquerque_Journal196821-26) In 1969, she designed the paraments (/wiki/Parament) for the Bethlehem Lutheran Church (/w/index.php?title=Bethlehem_Lutheran_Church_(Los_Alamos,_New_Mexico)&action=edit&redlink=1) in Los Alamos, New Mexico (/wiki/Los_Alamos,_New_Mexico) . The initial hanging representing the Trinity (/wiki/Trinity) was woven in browns, greens and rust hues. Additional hangings in red for Pentecost (/wiki/Pentecost) , violet for Advent (/wiki/Advent) and Lent (/wiki/Lent) , and a third in white for Christmas (/wiki/Christmas) and Easter (/wiki/Easter) were also commissioned. [26] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Los_Alamos_Monitor''196910-27) That same year, she published a review of the exhibit Young Americans 1969 , stressing that weaving was able to be both art and craft. [27] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHood2011106-28) Death and legacy [ edit ] Thorpe died on 29 December 1988 at her home in Santa Fe, New Mexico, after a lengthy illness with cancer. [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican''1989a4-1) [28] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican''1989b4-29) [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESocial_Security_Death_Index1988-2) The Institute of American Indian Arts established the Azalea Thorpe New Memorial Award in her honor to recognize excellence in fiber arts. [29] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKleinfeldWescott199355-30) Selected works [ edit ] Thorpe, Azalea (21 September 1955). "Exciting Detroit Bash". DownBeat . Chicago, Illinois: Maher Publications. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0012-5768 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0012-5768) . [30] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjornGallert2001120-31) Thorpe, Azalea (July–August 1965). "The American Indian Student: Two Educational Programs—Institute of American Indian Arts, Santa Fe". Craft Horizons . 25 (4). New York, New York: American Craftsmen's Council: 12–13, 40. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0011-0744 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0011-0744) . [31] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThorpe196513–14,_40-32) Thorpe, Azalea (January–February 1966). "Schubert's Shards" (http://digital.craftcouncil.org/digital/collection/p15785coll2/id/6392/rec/27) . Craft Horizons . 26 (1). New York, New York: American Craftsmen's Council: 18. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0011-0744 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0011-0744) . Retrieved 21 January 2018 . Thorpe, Azalea Stuart; Larsen, Jack Lenor (1967). Elements of weaving: a complete introduction to the art and techniques (Revised (1978) ed.). Garden City, New York: Doubleday. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-385-12540-6 . [24] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Philadelphia_Inquirer''196725-25) Thorpe, Azalea (July–August 1969). "Young Americans 1969" (http://digital.craftcouncil.org/digital/collection/p15785coll2/id/7596/rec/28) . Craft Horizons . 28 (4). New York, New York: American Craftsmen's Council: 9–14, 52. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0011-0744 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0011-0744) . Retrieved 21 January 2018 . [27] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHood2011106-28) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-20) Jessica Metcalf identifies Thorpe as Cherokee (/wiki/Cherokee_Nation) in her thesis on Native American fashion (/wiki/Native_American_fashion) designers. [18] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010133-18) No other documentation indicates that she had Cherokee heritage, [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican''1989a4-1) [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdams196114-8) though her second husband was Cherokee. [19] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_New_York_Times''2002-19) References [ edit ] Citations [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h The Santa Fe New Mexican 1989a (#CITEREFThe_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican1989a) , p. 4. ^ Jump up to: a b Social Security Death Index 1988 (#CITEREFSocial_Security_Death_Index1988) . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEllis_Island_Passenger_Lists1916584–585_3-0) Ellis Island Passenger Lists 1916 (#CITEREFEllis_Island_Passenger_Lists1916) , pp. 584–585. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEllis_Island_Passenger_Lists1916_4-0) Ellis Island Passenger Lists 1916 (#CITEREFEllis_Island_Passenger_Lists1916) . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEU._S._Census192013-A_5-0) U. S. Census 1920 (#CITEREFU._S._Census1920) , p. 13-A. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEU._S._Census19303-A_6-0) U. S. Census 1930 (#CITEREFU._S._Census1930) , p. 3-A. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEU._S._Census194063-B_7-0) U. S. Census 1940 (#CITEREFU._S._Census1940) , p. 63-B. ^ Jump up to: a b c Adams 1961 (#CITEREFAdams1961) , p. 14. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''The_Indianapolis_Star''19537_9-0) The Indianapolis Star 1953 (#CITEREFThe_Indianapolis_Star1953) , p. 7. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Adams 1961 (#CITEREFAdams1961) , p. 16. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdams196114,_16_11-0) Adams 1961 (#CITEREFAdams1961) , pp. 14, 16. ^ Jump up to: a b The Fort Lauderdale News 1958 (#CITEREFThe_Fort_Lauderdale_News1958) , p. 7. ^ Jump up to: a b c Lubbock Avalanche-Journal 1959 (#CITEREFLubbock_Avalanche-Journal1959) , p. 51. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKulpPonte2000737_14-0) Kulp & Ponte 2000 (#CITEREFKulpPonte2000) , p. 737. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Adirondack_Record_Elizabethtown_Post''19591_15-0) Adirondack Record Elizabethtown Post 1959 (#CITEREFAdirondack_Record_Elizabethtown_Post1959) , p. 1. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVictoria_and_Albert_Museum2017_16-0) Victoria and Albert Museum 2017 (#CITEREFVictoria_and_Albert_Museum2017) . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''Art_Education''195919_17-0) Art Education 1959 (#CITEREFArt_Education1959) , p. 19. ^ Jump up to: a b Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , p. 133. ^ Jump up to: a b The New York Times 2002 (#CITEREFThe_New_York_Times2002) . ^ Jump up to: a b c The Santa Fe New Mexican 1966 (#CITEREFThe_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican1966) , p. 22. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican''19646_22-0) The Santa Fe New Mexican 1964 (#CITEREFThe_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican1964) , p. 6. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESlivka19669_23-0) Slivka 1966 (#CITEREFSlivka1966) , p. 9. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThorpe196513_24-0) Thorpe 1965 (#CITEREFThorpe1965) , p. 13. ^ Jump up to: a b The Philadelphia Inquirer 1967 (#CITEREFThe_Philadelphia_Inquirer1967) , p. 25. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''The_Albuquerque_Journal196821_26-0) The Albuquerque Journal 1968 , p. 21. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''The_Los_Alamos_Monitor''196910_27-0) The Los Alamos Monitor 1969 (#CITEREFThe_Los_Alamos_Monitor1969) , p. 10. ^ Jump up to: a b Hood 2011 (#CITEREFHood2011) , p. 106. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican''1989b4_29-0) The Santa Fe New Mexican 1989b (#CITEREFThe_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican1989b) , p. 4. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKleinfeldWescott199355_30-0) Kleinfeld & Wescott 1993 (#CITEREFKleinfeldWescott1993) , p. 55. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBjornGallert2001120_31-0) Bjorn & Gallert 2001 (#CITEREFBjornGallert2001) , p. 120. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThorpe196513–14,_40_32-0) Thorpe 1965, pp. 13–14, 40. Bibliography [ edit ] Adams, Alice (January–February 1961). "Azalea Thorpe: weaving as total design experience" (http://digital.craftcouncil.org/digital/collection/p15785coll2/id/2491/rec/1) . Craft Horizons . 21 (1). New York, New York: American Craftsmen's Council: 14–16. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0011-0744 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0011-0744) . Retrieved 20 January 2018 . Bjorn, Lars; Gallert, Jim (2001). Before Motown: A History of Jazz in Detroit, 1920–60 . Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press (/wiki/University_of_Michigan_Press) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-472-06765-6 . Hood, Julia Elizabeth T. (2011). Furniture that Winks: Wit and Conversation in Postmodern Studio Furniture, 1979–1989 (Master's). Washington, D.C.: Corcoran School of the Arts and Design (/wiki/Corcoran_School_of_the_Arts_and_Design) . Retrieved 21 January 2018 – via ProQuest (/wiki/ProQuest) . Kleinfeld, Judith S.; Wescott, Siobhan (1993). Fantastic Antone succeeds!: experiences in educating children with fetal alcohol syndrome . Fairbanks, Alaska: University of Alaska Press (/wiki/University_of_Alaska_Press) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-912006-71-4 . Kulp, Karel; Ponte, Joseph G. Jr., eds. (2000). Handbook of Cereal Science and Technology, Second Edition, Revised and Expanded (2nd, revised ed.). New York, New York: Marcel Dekker Inc. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-8247-8294-8 . Metcalfe, Jessica RheAnn (2010). Native Designers of High Fashion: Expressing Identity, Creativity, and Tradition in Contemporary Customary Clothing Design (PhD). Tucson, Arizona: The University of Arizona (/wiki/University_of_Arizona) . hdl (/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)) : 10150/194057 (https://hdl.handle.net/10150%2F194057) . Slivka, Rose, ed. (January–February 1966). "Our Contributors" (http://digital.craftcouncil.org/digital/collection/p15785coll2/id/6383/rec/27) . Craft Horizons . 26 (1). New York, New York: American Craftsmen's Council: 9. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0011-0744 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0011-0744) . Retrieved 21 January 2018 . Thorpe, Azalea (July–August 1965). "The American Indian Student: Two Educational Programs—Institute of American Indian Arts, Santa Fe" (http://digital.craftcouncil.org/digital/collection/p15785coll2/id/5104/rec/1) . Craft Horizons . 25 (4). New York, New York: American Craftsmen's Council: 12–13, 40. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0011-0744 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0011-0744) . Retrieved 20 January 2018 . "1920 U. S. Census: Flint Ward 4, Genesee County, Michigan" (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9RFC-HQ7?i=24&cc=1488411) . FamilySearch . Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration. 10 January 1920. p. 13–A. NARA microfilm #T625, roll 765 . Retrieved 20 January 2018 . "1930 U. S. Census: Flint Ward 4, Genesee County, Michigan" (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9RH8-CWK?i=4&cc=1810731) . FamilySearch . Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration. 3 April 1930. p. 3–A. NARA microfilm #T626, roll 986 . Retrieved 20 January 2018 . "1940 U. S. Census: Washington Township, Lucas County, Ohio" (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-89M1-QWBW?i=34&cc=2000219) . FamilySearch . Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration. 3 May 1940. p. 63–B. NARA microfilm #T627, roll 3106 . Retrieved 20 January 2018 . "...and in Art". Art Education . 12 (9). Reston, Virginia: National Art Education Association (/wiki/National_Art_Education_Association) : 19–22. December 1959. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2307/3184491 (https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3184491) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0004-3125 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0004-3125) . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 3184428 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/3184428) . "Artisans Attend Crafts Assembly at Lima, Peru" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/16594065/albuquerque_journal/) . The Albuquerque Journal (/wiki/The_Albuquerque_Journal) . Albuquerque, New Mexico. 17 September 1968. p. 21 . Retrieved 21 January 2018 – via Newspapers.com (/wiki/Newspapers.com) . "Azalea Thorpe New" (https://newspaperarchive.com/susun-wilkinson-obituary-clipping-jan-06-1989-527627/) . The Santa Fe New Mexican (/wiki/The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican) . Santa Fe, New Mexico. 6 January 1989. p. 4 . Retrieved 20 January 2018 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . "Craft Show Will Display Varied Design Examples (pt 1)" (https://newspaperarchive.com/susun-wilkinson-celebrity-clipping-jan-25-1959-527522/) . Lubbock Avalanche-Journal (/wiki/Lubbock_Avalanche-Journal) . Lubbock, Texas. 25 January 1959. p. 50 . 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Retrieved 21 January 2018 – via Newspapers.com (/wiki/Newspapers.com) . "Keene Valley Women Attend Craft Show in the Metropolis" (https://newspaperarchive.com/susun-wilkinson-celebrity-clipping-nov-19-1959-527639/) . Adirondack Record Elizabethtown Post . Au Sable Forks, New York. 19 November 1959. p. 1 . Retrieved 20 January 2018 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . "Lloyd Kiva New, 86, Teacher of Indian Artists" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160217054427/http://www.nytimes.com/2002/02/10/nyregion/lloyd-kiva-new-86-teacher-of-indian-artists.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . New York City, New York. 10 February 2002. Archived from the original (https://www.nytimes.com/2002/02/10/nyregion/lloyd-kiva-new-86-teacher-of-indian-artists.html) on 17 February 2016 . Retrieved 20 January 2018 . "Lutheran Sanctuary Notable for Contemporary Design" (https://newspaperarchive.com/susun-wilkinson-celebrity-clipping-jul-17-1969-527702/) . The Los Alamos Monitor . Santa Fe, New Mexico. 17 July 1969. p. 9 . Retrieved 20 January 2018 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . "New, Azalea Thorpe" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/16593543/new_azalea_thorpe_the_santa_fe_new/) . The Santa Fe New Mexican (/wiki/The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican) . Santa Fe, New Mexico. 5 January 1989a. p. 4 . Retrieved 20 January 2018 – via Newspapers.com (/wiki/Newspapers.com) . "New book offers Guide on weaving" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/16593876/the_philadelphia_inquirer/) . The Philadelphia Inquirer (/wiki/The_Philadelphia_Inquirer) . Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 25 August 1967. p. 25 . Retrieved 20 January 2018 – via Newspapers.com (/wiki/Newspapers.com) . "One Week Left to Catch the Exciting Show....Winners Announced" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/16593825/fort_lauderdale_news/) . The Fort Lauderdale News . Ft. Lauderdale, Florida. 9 November 1958. p. 70 . Retrieved 20 January 2018 – via Newspapers.com (/wiki/Newspapers.com) . "Social Security Death Index" (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VSBQ-S6B) . FamilySearch . Alexandria, Virginia: United States Social Security Administration, National Technical Information Service. 29 December 1988 . Retrieved 20 January 2018 . "Speaker for Weavers" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/16594028/speaker_for_weavers_the_indianapolis/) . The Indianapolis Star (/wiki/The_Indianapolis_Star) . Indianapolis, Indiana. 7 March 1953. p. 7 . Retrieved 20 January 2018 – via Newspapers.com (/wiki/Newspapers.com) . "Thorpe, New Vows Repeated" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/16594013/thorpe_new_vows_repeated_the_santa_fe/) . The Santa Fe New Mexican (/wiki/The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican) . Santa Fe, New Mexico. 13 November 1966. p. 22 . Retrieved 20 January 2018 – via Newspapers.com (/wiki/Newspapers.com) . "Thorpe Weave" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180120235745/http://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O267742/thorpe-weave-furnishing-fabric-thorpe-azalea/) . vam.ac.uk . London, England: Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) . 2017. Archived from the original (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O267742/thorpe-weave-furnishing-fabric-thorpe-azalea/) on 20 January 2018 . Retrieved 20 January 2018 . 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( February 2018 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Braccialini Company type Privately held company Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) , luxury (/wiki/Luxury_goods) Founded 1954 ; 70 years ago ( 1954 ) Florence (/wiki/Florence) , Italy (/wiki/Italy) Headquarters Campi Bisenzio (/wiki/Campi_Bisenzio) , Italy Products Handbags, and accessories Website www.Braccialini.com (http://www.Braccialini.com) Braccialini [1] (#cite_note-1) is a leather accessories company founded in 1954 and based in Florence (/wiki/Florence) , Italy (/wiki/Italy) . [2] (#cite_note-2) The company operates in 40 countries with 50 mono-brand stores globally. [3] (#cite_note-3) History [ edit ] The image of a rose forms the brand's logo, inspired by co-founder, Carla Braccialini's love for flowers. [4] (#cite_note-4) In 2009, Italian president Giorgio Napolitano (/wiki/Giorgio_Napolitano) awarded Braccialini with the Cavaliere del Lavoro (/wiki/Cavaliere_del_Lavoro) award, assigned to entrepreneurs for their contribution in their chosen field of profession. [5] (#cite_note-5) Beginnings [ edit ] Carla and her husband Roberto Braccialini started the company in 1954 as a small workshop with 4 to 5 employees in Florence, Italy. [6] (#cite_note-cairoeditore1-6) Initially, she started sewing without any formal knowledge with materials such as leather and straw, making clothes and selling them in Versilia (/wiki/Versilia) , Italy. [ citation needed ] She then slowly moved to create bags with the same materials. Carla sketched the designs, and her husband made the bags and handled the business. The first bag was made with leather and straw, a unique choice at that time. She trained her team to learn the craft and sew. The bags were made to have a playful mood combined with unique designs and new materials. [6] (#cite_note-cairoeditore1-6) A flood in 1966 in Florence destroyed all the fabrics and the archives. Carla, with her team, had to start all over. [6] (#cite_note-cairoeditore1-6) 1980s [ edit ] In the 1980s, two of Carla's three sons Riccardo and Massimo joined the company and adopted her philosophy, and carried forth her vision. [ citation needed ] In 1987, the company entered into many licensing agreements with companies like Vivienne Westwood (/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood) for the production and distribution of accessories such as bags, belts, and small leather items. Contromano, a partner company, was founded the following year. Over the course of a few years, Braccialini entered into licensee agreements with brands like Roccobarocco (/wiki/Rocco_Barocco) , Fiorucci (/wiki/Fiorucci) , and Bagutta. [7] (#cite_note-fashionmodeldirectory2007-7) 1990s [ edit ] In 1990, Braccialini launched the Tua collection targeted to a younger audience. [8] (#cite_note-braccialini1-8) The first Braccialini boutique (/wiki/Boutique) was also opened in Florence. 2000s [ edit ] The 2000s was a period of growth for the brand. Braccialini collaborated with the Mariella Burani Fashion Group (/wiki/Mariella_Burani_Fashion_Group) . Braccialini opened stores in Milan (/wiki/Milan) . [9] (#cite_note-9) In 2003 a new mono-brand store opens in Milan followed by boutiques in Rome (/wiki/Rome) , London (/wiki/London) , Dubai (/wiki/Dubai) in 2004. Also, a licensee agreement with Mariella Burani is established to produce and distribute accessories for them all over the world. In 2005, the first franchisee (/wiki/Franchisee) store in Saudi Arabia (/wiki/Saudi_Arabia) and two boutiques in Dubai and Hong Kong (/wiki/Hong_Kong) are opened. The company acquires a 100% stake in Dadorosa Srl, with a worldwide licensee of Gherardini, 2007 a Florentine brand. The expansion of the brand continues with new stores in Dubai, Paris (/wiki/Paris) , and Moscow (/wiki/Moscow) . Braccialini also enters into more licensing agreements with Frangi Spa controlling the production of foulards (/wiki/Foulard) , scarves (/wiki/Scarves) , beachwear (/wiki/Beachwear) and lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) . [8] (#cite_note-braccialini1-8) In 2009, Braccialini moved to the new headquarters in Scandicci (/wiki/Scandicci) , Florence. [ citation needed ] The Feng Shui (/wiki/Feng_Shui) inspired factory is designed by Chan tit-Kwan from Hong Kong (/wiki/Hong_Kong) . The new building spreads across 10,000 square meters of space in heart of the leather manufacturing sector of Florence. The external façade is covered by vertical plants and ivy and the internal layout is constructed on the basis of Feng Shui principles. The factory also uses renewable sources of energy like solar panels and recovery of rainwater. [10] (#cite_note-10) In 2015, a $300-dollar Braccialini car-shaped bag was featured in the 57th Annual Grammy awards (/wiki/Grammy_Awards) . The bag was in the gift basket that all the nominees, presenters, and performers received. [11] (#cite_note-11) Braccialini today [ edit ] Today, the company is led by Carla Braccialini's three sons – Riccardo, Massimo, and Lorenzo. They have taken on three different roles in the company. Massimo is the style director, Riccardo the CEO (/wiki/CEO) , and Lorenzo the marketing (/wiki/Marketing) and communication director (/wiki/Business_communication) . The creative team of designers led by Carla and her son Massimo creates handbags and accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) . [7] (#cite_note-fashionmodeldirectory2007-7) In October 2012 Braccialini announced up to 77 layoffs of 220 employees total but in 2013, after an agreement with the unions, 25 people will leave the Company, due to the externalization of logistics. [ clarification needed ] See also [ edit ] Italian fashion (/wiki/Italian_fashion) Made in Italy (/wiki/Made_in_Italy) References [ edit ] Company portal (/wiki/Portal:Company) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Italy portal (/wiki/Portal:Italy) ^ (#cite_ref-1) Andrea, Guolo (2007). La Borsa...racconta . FrancoAngeli. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9788846485144 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) http://www.braciallini.it (http://www.braciallini.it) [ permanent dead link ] ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Il Sole 24 Ore: La borsa Braccialini si riempie di colori" (http://www.banchedati.ilsole24ore.com/doc.get?uid=sole-SS20090916026DAA) . Banchedati.ilsole24ore.com. 16 September 2009 . Retrieved 10 July 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Braccialini Logo and symbol, meaning, history, PNG, brand" (https://1000logos.net/braccialini-logo/) . Retrieved 21 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Fumagalli, Luca (29 June 2021). "Il premio alla carriera e un libro: Carla Braccialini si racconta" (https://www.laconceria.it/pelletteria/il-premio-alla-carriera-e-un-libro-carla-braccialini-si-racconta/) . LaConceria | Il portale dell'area pelle (in Italian) . Retrieved 21 June 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Cairo Editore - Diva e Donna 26 Febbraio 2008" (http://www.cairoeditore.it/index.php?option=com_flippingbook&book_id=49&Itemid=83) . Cairoeditore.it . Retrieved 10 July 2010 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Braccialini Milano Italy" (http://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/brands/braccialini/) . Fashionmodeldirectory.com. 2 December 2007 . Retrieved 10 July 2010 . ^ Jump up to: a b "braccialini Company Profile" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100414143359/http://www.braccialini.it/uploads/bra_cmp_sez/braccialini_company_profile.pdf) (PDF) . Archived from the original (http://www.braccialini.it/uploads/bra_cmp_sez/braccialini_company_profile.pdf) (PDF) on 14 April 2010 . Retrieved 2010-06-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) http://www.workfolio.it/mood/braccialini/file/Sezioni/Sezioni/CompanyProfile.pdf (http://www.workfolio.it/mood/braccialini/file/Sezioni/Sezioni/CompanyProfile.pdf) [ permanent dead link ] ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Arretrati in pdf" (https://archive.today/20120801185843/http://www.ilgiornale.it/edizione_pdf/441/01-06-2010/18/page=134936-pdf_num=1884) . ilGiornale.it. Archived from the original (http://www.ilgiornale.it/edizione_pdf/441/01-06-2010/18/page=134936-pdf_num=1884) on 1 August 2012 . Retrieved 10 July 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Acuna, Kirsten. "Here's everything inside the $25,000 Grammy Awards gift bag" (https://www.sj-r.com/story/business/2015/02/06/here-s-everything-inside-25/35174824007/) . The State Journal-Register . Retrieved 15 May 2022 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.Braccialini.com) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐w7frd Cached time: 20240713185150 Cache expiry: 1573692 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.424 seconds Real time usage: 0.579 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3124/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 71626/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 14044/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 10/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 43821/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.261/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 8108475/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 537.851 1 -total 29.21% 157.089 1 Template:Reflist 26.59% 143.028 3 Template:Ambox 20.47% 110.072 1 Template:Infobox_company 17.38% 93.477 1 Template:Cite_book 17.07% 91.787 1 Template:Multiple_issues 15.91% 85.550 1 Template:Infobox 12.88% 69.300 1 Template:Short_description 10.95% 58.892 1 Template:Primary_sources 7.24% 38.947 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:27709373-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713185150 and revision id 1219798029. 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(Redirected from List of Absolutely Fabulous characters (/w/index.php?title=List_of_Absolutely_Fabulous_characters&redirect=no) ) British TV sitcom (1992–2012) For other uses, see Absolutely Fabulous (disambiguation) (/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous_(disambiguation)) . Absolutely Fabulous Title card (2011–2012) Genre Sitcom (/wiki/Sitcom) Created by Jennifer Saunders (/wiki/Jennifer_Saunders) Based on " Modern Mother and Daughter (/wiki/Modern_Mother_and_Daughter) " from French and Saunders (/wiki/French_and_Saunders) by Dawn French (/wiki/Dawn_French) and Jennifer Saunders Written by Jennifer Saunders Starring Jennifer Saunders Joanna Lumley (/wiki/Joanna_Lumley) Julia Sawalha (/wiki/Julia_Sawalha) June Whitfield (/wiki/June_Whitfield) Jane Horrocks (/wiki/Jane_Horrocks) Theme music composer Bob Dylan (/wiki/Bob_Dylan) Rick Danko (/wiki/Rick_Danko) Opening theme " This Wheel's on Fire (/wiki/This_Wheel%27s_on_Fire) ", performed by Julie Driscoll (/wiki/Julie_Driscoll) and Adrian Edmondson (/wiki/Ade_Edmondson) [a] (#cite_note-1) Country of origin United Kingdom Original language English No. of series 5 No. of episodes 39 ( list of episodes (/wiki/List_of_Absolutely_Fabulous_episodes) ) Production Camera setup Video (/wiki/Video_camera) (1992–2012) Multiple camera (/wiki/Multiple-camera_setup) Running time 30–60 minutes Production companies Saunders & French Productions (/wiki/French_and_Saunders) BBC (/wiki/BBC) Productions BBC America (/wiki/BBC_America) (2011–2012) Logo (/wiki/Logo_(TV_channel)) (2011–2012) Original release Network BBC Two (/wiki/BBC_Two) (1992) Release 12 November 1992 ( 1992-11-12 ) – 7 November 1996 ( 1996-11-07 ) Network BBC One (/wiki/BBC_One) (1994–2012) Release 31 August 2001 ( 2001-08-31 ) – 25 December 2004 ( 2004-12-25 ) Release 25 December 2011 ( 2011-12-25 ) – 23 July 2012 ( 2012-07-23 ) Absolutely Fabulous (often shortened to Ab Fab ) is a British television sitcom (/wiki/Sitcom) based on the French and Saunders (/wiki/French_and_Saunders) sketch " Modern Mother and Daughter (/wiki/Modern_Mother_and_Daughter) ", created by Dawn French (/wiki/Dawn_French) and Jennifer Saunders (/wiki/Jennifer_Saunders) . The show was created and written by Saunders, who also stars as one of the main characters. Its cast includes Joanna Lumley (/wiki/Joanna_Lumley) and Julia Sawalha (/wiki/Julia_Sawalha) . The series features Edina Monsoon (/wiki/Edina_Monsoon) , a heavy-drinking, drug-abusing PR mogul (/wiki/Public_relations) who spends her time failing to lose weight and chasing bizarre fads (/wiki/Fad) in a desperate attempt to stay young and "hip". Edina's best friend is ex-model and magazine fashion director Patsy Stone (/wiki/Patsy_Stone) , whose drug abuse, alcohol consumption and desperate promiscuity far eclipse Edina's. Edina relies upon the support of her daughter Saffron, a student and aspiring writer whose constant care of her immature mother has left her a bitter cynic. The series also stars June Whitfield (/wiki/June_Whitfield) in a supporting role as Edina's dotty, sarcastic and often thieving mother, who appears in nearly every episode. Jane Horrocks (/wiki/Jane_Horrocks) as Edina's utterly brainless personal assistant Bubble also features frequently. The first three series of Absolutely Fabulous were broadcast on the BBC (/wiki/BBC) from 1992 to 1995, followed by a series finale in the form of a two-part special entitled The Last Shout, in 1996. In 2000, the show was ranked number 17 on the 100 Greatest British Television Programmes (/wiki/100_Greatest_British_Television_Programmes) by the British Film Institute (/wiki/British_Film_Institute) . It was revived for two more series and two one-hour specials from 2001 to 2004. Three new episodes, collectively titled Absolutely Fabulous: 20th Anniversary (/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous:_20th_Anniversary) , were released in 2011–2012. Two sketches (/wiki/Sketch_comedy) for charity specials were also released, for Comic Relief (/wiki/Comic_Relief#2005_event) in 2005 and Sport Relief (/wiki/Sport_Relief_2012#Sketches) in 2012. A film continuation, Absolutely Fabulous: The Movie (/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous:_The_Movie) , was theatrically released in July 2016. On 29 November 2016, Saunders confirmed that she is "not doing anything more with Ab Fab ", as she wanted to focus on new projects. [1] (#cite_note-2) In October 2023, it was confirmed that Saunders was in the process of creating a spin-off to Absolutely Fabulous (a film or series), which has yet to be announced, with also the possibility of Lumley making an appearance. The first draft was expected to be completed by the end of 2023. [2] (#cite_note-3) In June 2024, it was announced that Saunders, Lumley, Sawalha and Horrocks will appear in a retrospective, titled Absolutely Fabulous: Inside Out , which will broadcast in late 2024 on Gold (/wiki/Gold_(British_TV_channel)) . [3] (#cite_note-4) Premise [ edit ] Edina "Eddie" Monsoon (Saunders) and Patricia "Patsy" Stone (Lumley) are two high-powered career women on the London fashion scene. Eddie runs her own PR (/wiki/Public_relations) firm, and Patsy holds a sinecure (/wiki/Sinecure) position at a top British fashion magazine. The two women use their considerable financial resources to indulge in cigarettes, alcohol (most notably Bollinger Champagne (/wiki/Bollinger) ) and recreational drugs (/wiki/Recreational_drug_use) and to chase the latest fads in an attempt to maintain their youth and recapture their glory days as Mods (/wiki/Mod_(subculture)) in swinging London (/wiki/Swinging_Sixties) . The partnership is driven mainly by Patsy, who is both co-dependent (/wiki/Codependency) and an enabler (/wiki/Enabling) to Eddie. Their lifestyle inevitably leads to various personal crises, which are invariably resolved by Eddie's daughter, Saffron "Saffy" Monsoon (Sawalha), whose constant involvement in their exploits has left her increasingly bitter and cynical. Eddie's mother visits the home frequently to keep Saffy company and help her with the cooking and cleaning; Eddie and Mother, on the other hand, have a strained relationship, as they disagree on virtually everything and are rarely alone together. Also recurring in their lives are Eddie's ex-husbands, Marshall and Justin, and their respective new partners, the American hippie (/wiki/Hippie) Bo and the acidic antique dealer Oliver. Production [ edit ] Development [ edit ] Absolutely Fabulous evolved from a French and Saunders (/wiki/French_and_Saunders) sketch called " Modern Mother and Daughter (/wiki/Modern_Mother_and_Daughter) " (from series 3 (/wiki/French_and_Saunders#Series_3_-_1990) episode 6), which starred Saunders as the mother, named Adrianna, and French as the daughter, named Saffron (as in the series). The sketch revolved around a middle-aged single mother who acted like a teenager and was reliant upon the emotional and financial support of her teenage daughter, who behaved like a middle-aged woman. [4] (#cite_note-:0-5) It has no connection, other than the character's name, to the earlier film, Eddie Monsoon: A Life? , a comedy play written by Saunders' husband Adrian Edmondson (/wiki/Adrian_Edmondson) in 1984 for the TV series, The Comic Strip Presents... (/wiki/The_Comic_Strip) . The name "Edina Monsoon" is derived from Edmondson's name and "Eddy Monsoon" is a nickname of his. [4] (#cite_note-:0-5) [5] (#cite_note-:1-6) The main cast, from left to right: Jane Horrocks (/wiki/Jane_Horrocks) , Julia Sawalha (/wiki/Julia_Sawalha) , Jennifer Saunders (/wiki/Jennifer_Saunders) , June Whitfield (/wiki/June_Whitfield) and Joanna Lumley (/wiki/Joanna_Lumley) Saunders revealed in 2012 that she was inspired by pop band Bananarama (/wiki/Bananarama) , with whom she and Dawn French (/wiki/Dawn_French) had become friends after their Comic Relief (/wiki/Comic_Relief) collaboration in 1989. [4] (#cite_note-:0-5) "The nights with Bananarama were some of the best nights of my life, and I got a lot of gags from Bananarama because they were big vodka drinkers...when I started doing AbFab, I remembered all of the falls that I saw Bananarama do. I once saw one of them coming out of a cab bottom first and hitting the road, and I thought 'that's class'". [4] (#cite_note-:0-5) [6] (#cite_note-7) Although Ab Fab was produced by Saunders and French's company, Saunders & French Productions, Dawn French appeared on the show only once, in a cameo in the first-series episode "Magazine", before making a brief cameo in the 2016 film. French was originally intended to play Edina's daughter, Saffron, but a younger actress (Sawalha) was ultimately cast. [5] (#cite_note-:1-6) The first three series were broadcast on the BBC (/wiki/BBC) from 1992 to 1995, followed by a series finale (/wiki/Series_finale) in the form of a two-part television film entitled The Last Shout in 1996. Saunders revived the show for a fourth series in 2001 after writing and submitting a pilot entitled Mirrorball , which recruited nearly all of the original cast in new roles. The pilot was intended to be turned into a series of episodes. However, Saunders felt the AbFab characters were too rich and interesting to put aside and were far better suited for her new story ideas. Instead of Mirrorball , a new series of Absolutely Fabulous was proposed to the BBC, which later commissioned the fourth series in 2001. From 2001 to 2004, two series were produced, along with two one-off hour-long specials; Gay (retitled and issued as Absolutely Fabulous in New York for the United States) in 2002 and White Box (another series finale), which aired in 2004. A Comic Relief (/wiki/Comic_Relief#2005_event) sketch was broadcast in 2005. In November 2010, Lumley revealed to Playbill (/wiki/Playbill) magazine that she had recently spoken to Saunders about possibly filming a new series. [7] (#cite_note-dspy-8) Lumley and Saunders reunited for the M&S (/wiki/Marks_%26_Spencer) Christmas advert in 2009, along with other stars such as Twiggy (/wiki/Twiggy) and Stephen Fry (/wiki/Stephen_Fry) . In August 2011, Lumley confirmed the planned filming of three new episodes. [7] (#cite_note-dspy-8) In 2011, plans for a 20th-anniversary revival were welcomed in The Guardian , which applauded the show as "prophetic". [8] (#cite_note-9) The first new special of Absolutely Fabulous: 20th Anniversary (/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous:_20th_Anniversary) was broadcast on 25 December with the second episode being shown on 1 January 2012. The third and final special, aired on 23 July 2012, coincided with the 2012 Summer Olympics (/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics) [9] (#cite_note-10) in London, with Stella McCartney (/wiki/Stella_McCartney) appearing in a cameo (/wiki/Cameo_appearance) role. A sketch for Sport Relief (/wiki/Sport_Relief_2012#Sketches) was also broadcast in 2012. A film version of the series, Absolutely Fabulous: The Movie (/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous:_The_Movie) , was released to theatres in the summer of 2016. [10] (#cite_note-11) [11] (#cite_note-12) Three new specials were announced to celebrate the show's 20th anniversary, with the first special, "Identity", airing on 25 December 2011. Jon Plowman (/wiki/Jon_Plowman) , executive producer and original producer of the series, said: "Viewers have been fantastically loyal in their devotion to our show, so we're really thrilled to say that it's coming back for three new shows to celebrate our 20th anniversary. All of the originals who are back together again are still truly absolutely fabulous and the new adventures of Edina, Patsy, Saffy, Bubble and Mother, plus a few surprising guests, will be a real treat for viewers." Saunders announced in November 2011 that she had begun work on a film version of the series. [12] (#cite_note-13) In the United States, the episodes were jointly co-produced by Logo and BBC America in the US. [13] (#cite_note-14) and aired in January 2012 for broadcast by both BBC America and Logo Channel. Both channels co-produced the 20th Anniversary episodes, although Logo removed some scenes for its airings. BBC America broadcast it in full. Both channels aired the episode in a 40-minute block to allow for commercial interruptions. On 3 January 2012, following the success of the 20th anniversary specials, it was rumoured that Saunders was set to write another Christmas special for 2012. The BBC was rumoured to be urging her to write a sixth series for 2013. [14] (#cite_note-15) Saunders denied the reports of additional episodes via her Twitter account. Episodes of Absolutely Fabulous were shot in front of a live studio audience. [15] (#cite_note-16) [16] (#cite_note-17) Theme song [ edit ] The theme song for Absolutely Fabulous is " This Wheel's on Fire (/wiki/This_Wheel%27s_on_Fire) ", written by Bob Dylan (/wiki/Bob_Dylan) and Rick Danko (/wiki/Rick_Danko) and performed by Julie Driscoll (/wiki/Julie_Driscoll) and Saunders' Comic Strip (/wiki/The_Comic_Strip) fellow and later husband, Adrian Edmondson (/wiki/Adrian_Edmondson) . The song was also sung by Marianne Faithfull (/wiki/Marianne_Faithfull) and P. P. Arnold (/wiki/P._P._Arnold) for the two-part special, "The Last Shout", in 1996. Hermine Demoriane (/wiki/Hermine_Demoriane) sang the theme song with a French accent over the closing credits of the series 4 episode "Paris" in 2001. [17] (#cite_note-18) At the end of the series 1 episode "Birthday", Edina and Patsy sang the song together on a karaoke machine. [18] (#cite_note-19) It was later performed by Debbie Harry (/wiki/Debbie_Harry) and Edmondson in the 2002 Christmas special "Gay" (where Harry also guest-starred), as well as in series 5. For series 4, a line sung by David Bowie (/wiki/David_Bowie) , "Ziggy played guitar", from his song " Ziggy Stardust (/wiki/Ziggy_Stardust_(song)) ", played at the end of each episode. Due to copyright issues, the theme song is missing from many US Region 1 DVDs, replaced by an instrumental version. Also excised from the US DVD release is the musical number from Chicago (/wiki/Chicago_(musical)) performed by Horrocks, Gaffney, and Ryan during a dream sequence in the series 5 episode "Birthin'". In addition to the official theme song, in 1994, Pet Shop Boys (/wiki/Pet_Shop_Boys) recorded a song (/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous_(song)) for Comic Relief using excerpts of dialogue from the series put to dance music. The single was attributed to "Absolutely Fabulous produced by Pet Shop Boys". It peaked at number six on the UK Singles Chart (/wiki/UK_Singles_Chart) in July 1994. The music video featured clips from the show and specially recorded footage of the Pet Shop Boys with Patsy and Edina. On 10 June 2016, Kylie Minogue (/wiki/Kylie_Minogue) released a cover version of "This Wheel's on Fire" for the soundtrack to Absolutely Fabulous: The Movie , before the film's release in July 2016. [19] (#cite_note-20) Conclusion [ edit ] On 29 November 2016, Jennifer Saunders confirmed that she was "done" with Absolutely Fabulous and that it would not return to television for another series or specials, nor would a sequel to the film be made. Saunders said she wished to focus on new projects and spend more time with her family. [20] (#cite_note-21) Even so, in 2018, Saunders, when asked about the prospect of reviving the programme yet again, did not entirely dismiss it, saying "I am thinking at the moment of writing a little something. It has to be age-appropriate otherwise we’d have to be in wheelchairs basically. I think Julia is old enough to be my mother now." Saunders said the prospect of writing new stories with those characters was "always on [her] mind, always". [21] (#cite_note-22) In November 2020, Joanna Lumley was asked about the possibility of another revival and said that that would be up to Saunders. Lumley said it was unlikely, as Saunders did not want to work on new stories featuring the characters at that time. Lumley said that June Whitfield's death in December 2018 also meant it was less likely to happen, but said if Saunders wished to write new Ab Fab stories, she would be up for returning to play Patsy; she said "wait and see". Cast and characters [ edit ] Main [ edit ] Jennifer Saunders (/wiki/Jennifer_Saunders) as Edina "Eddie" Monsoon (/wiki/Edina_Monsoon) Joanna Lumley (/wiki/Joanna_Lumley) as Patricia "Patsy" Stone (/wiki/Patsy_Stone) Julia Sawalha (/wiki/Julia_Sawalha) as Saffron "Saffy" Monsoon Jane Horrocks (/wiki/Jane_Horrocks) as Bubble (and as Katy Grin in Series 4 and 5) June Whitfield (/wiki/June_Whitfield) as Mother Recurring and guest [ edit ] Christopher Ryan (/wiki/Christopher_Ryan) as Marshall Turtle Mo Gaffney (/wiki/Mo_Gaffney) as Bo Turtle (née Crysalis) Christopher Malcolm (/wiki/Christopher_Malcolm) as Justin Naoko Mori (/wiki/Naoko_Mori) as Sarah Helen Lederer (/wiki/Helen_Lederer) as Catriona Harriet Thorpe (/wiki/Harriet_Thorpe) as Fleur Gary Beadle (/wiki/Gary_Beadle) as Oliver Kathy Burke (/wiki/Kathy_Burke) as Magda Miranda Richardson (/wiki/Miranda_Richardson) as Bettina Patrick Barlow (/wiki/Patrick_Barlow) as Max Celia Imrie (/wiki/Celia_Imrie) as Claudia Bing Eleanor Bron (/wiki/Eleanor_Bron) as Patsy's Mother Tilly Blackwood as Lady Candida De Denison-Bender Antony Cotton (/wiki/Antony_Cotton) as Damon Felix Dexter (/wiki/Felix_Dexter) as John Johnson Llewella Gideon (/wiki/Llewella_Gideon) as Nurse/Beautician Special guests [ edit ] Many celebrities, mainly British or American, appeared in the series, most of them as themselves. They include: Sylvia Anderson (/wiki/Sylvia_Anderson) Christopher Biggins (/wiki/Christopher_Biggins) Crispin Bonham Carter (/wiki/Crispin_Bonham_Carter) Helena Bonham Carter (/wiki/Helena_Bonham_Carter) Jo Brand (/wiki/Jo_Brand) Fern Britton (/wiki/Fern_Britton) Simon Brodkin (/wiki/Simon_Brodkin) Emma Bunton (/wiki/Emma_Bunton) Danny Burstein (/wiki/Danny_Burstein) Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) Linford Christie (/wiki/Linford_Christie) Nicky Clarke (/wiki/Nicky_Clarke) Terence Conran (/wiki/Terence_Conran) Richard Curtis (/wiki/Richard_Curtis) Carl Davis (/wiki/Carl_Davis) Daniela Denby-Ashe (/wiki/Daniela_Denby-Ashe) Marcella Detroit (/wiki/Marcella_Detroit) Sacha Distel (/wiki/Sacha_Distel) James Dreyfus (/wiki/James_Dreyfus) Minnie Driver (/wiki/Minnie_Driver) Lindsay Duncan (/wiki/Lindsay_Duncan) Adrian Edmondson (/wiki/Ade_Edmondson) Britt Ekland (/wiki/Britt_Ekland) Idris Elba (/wiki/Idris_Elba) Marianne Faithfull (/wiki/Marianne_Faithfull) Jesse Tyler Ferguson (/wiki/Jesse_Tyler_Ferguson) Dawn French (/wiki/Dawn_French) Rebecca Front (/wiki/Rebecca_Front) Mariella Frostrup (/wiki/Mariella_Frostrup) Stephen Gately (/wiki/Stephen_Gately) Jean-Paul Gaultier (/wiki/Jean-Paul_Gaultier) Whoopi Goldberg (/wiki/Whoopi_Goldberg) Dave Gorman (/wiki/Dave_Gorman) Sofie Gråbøl (/wiki/Sofie_Gr%C3%A5b%C3%B8l) Richard E Grant (/wiki/Richard_E_Grant) Germaine Greer (/wiki/Germaine_Greer) Tanni Grey-Thompson (/wiki/Tanni_Grey-Thompson) Debbie Harry (/wiki/Debbie_Harry) Miranda Hart (/wiki/Miranda_Hart) Josh Hamilton (/wiki/Josh_Hamilton_(actor)) David Haye (/wiki/David_Haye) Tom Hollander (/wiki/Tom_Hollander) Kelly Holmes (/wiki/Kelly_Holmes) Colin Jackson (/wiki/Colin_Jackson) Elton John (/wiki/Elton_John) Mark Kermode (/wiki/Mark_Kermode) La Roux (/wiki/La_Roux) Christian Lacroix (/wiki/Christian_Lacroix) Nathan Lane (/wiki/Nathan_Lane) Leigh Lawson (/wiki/Leigh_Lawson) Robert Lindsay (/wiki/Robert_Lindsay_(actor)) Lulu (/wiki/Lulu_(singer)) Stella McCartney (/wiki/Stella_McCartney) Natascha McElhone (/wiki/Natascha_McElhone) Suzy Menkes (/wiki/Suzy_Menkes) Laurie Metcalf (/wiki/Laurie_Metcalf) Kate Moss (/wiki/Kate_Moss) Graham Norton (/wiki/Graham_Norton) Erin O'Connor (/wiki/Erin_O%27Connor) Bruce Oldfield (/wiki/Bruce_Oldfield) Kate O'Mara (/wiki/Kate_O%27Mara) Anita Pallenberg (/wiki/Anita_Pallenberg) Suzi Quatro (/wiki/Suzi_Quatro) Zandra Rhodes (/wiki/Zandra_Rhodes) Mandy Rice-Davies (/wiki/Mandy_Rice-Davies) Richard and Judy (/wiki/Richard_and_Judy) Kristin Scott Thomas (/wiki/Kristin_Scott_Thomas) Meera Syal (/wiki/Meera_Syal) Twiggy (/wiki/Twiggy) Rufus Wainwright (/wiki/Rufus_Wainwright) Kirsty Wark (/wiki/Kirsty_Wark) Ruby Wax (/wiki/Ruby_Wax) Dale Winton (/wiki/Dale_Winton) Katy Wix (/wiki/Katy_Wix) Clarissa Dickson Wright (/wiki/Clarissa_Dickson_Wright) International broadcast [ edit ] Europe [ edit ] In Portugal, Ab Fab has been shown on RTP2 (/wiki/RTP2) . In Serbia, the first series was aired in 1998, through a network of local television stations. In 2004, the series was aired on B92 (/wiki/B92) , while in the Czech Republic, all episodes have been shown. In North Macedonia, all episodes have been shown several times on Sitel. In the Netherlands and Flanders, the series is popular, and it is still regularly re-broadcast by the VPRO (/wiki/VPRO) and Canvas (/wiki/Canvas_(Belgium)) , respectively. In Sweden, all episodes were first broadcast by SVT (/wiki/Sveriges_Television) , but reruns have later appeared on other channels. In Germany, it was broadcast by the Franco-German TV network Arte (/wiki/Arte) and gay-oriented channel TIMM (/wiki/TIMM_(TV)) . In France, before it was rerun on terrestrial TV arte, it was successively premiered on pay TV channel Canal + (/wiki/Canal%2B_(French_TV_channel)) , cable channel Jimmy, and is now broadcast on France 4 (/wiki/France_4) . In Finland, the series was broadcast by YLE TV1 (/wiki/YLE_TV1) . In Estonia, the series was broadcast by ETV (/wiki/Eesti_Televisioon) . In Poland, two series were broadcast by Wizja Jeden (/wiki/Wizja_Jeden) , later by TVP3, TVN7 and BBC Entertainment (/wiki/BBC_Entertainment) . Australia/Oceania [ edit ] In Australia, all series were initially shown on the ABC (/wiki/Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation) and on cable on UK.TV (/wiki/UK.TV) , and moved to The Comedy Channel (/wiki/The_Comedy_Channel) in 2007. Repeats of the first three series were also shown on the Seven network (/wiki/Seven_Network) . ABC continues to show it sporadically, including Christmas specials and occasional repeats of series five episodes. ABC2 (/wiki/ABC2) also shows repeats of the show. As of 6–7 August 2016, the series was shown on Nine Network (/wiki/Nine_Network) 's sister channel 9Gem (/wiki/9Gem) to promote the upcoming film adaptation. All five series were broadcast in New Zealand on TVNZ (/wiki/TVNZ) . In India, all five series, including the specials, have been shown on BBC Entertainment. North America [ edit ] In the United States, Absolutely Fabulous premiered on 24 July 1994 on Comedy Central (/wiki/Comedy_Central) with a 12-episode marathon. [22] (#cite_note-23) [23] (#cite_note-24) Some public television stations have also broadcast it, but not as part of the PBS program offerings, in addition to BBC America (/wiki/BBC_America) , Oxygen Network (/wiki/Oxygen_(TV_channel)) , and as of 2011, Logo (/wiki/Logo_(TV_channel)) , a gay-oriented channel. [24] (#cite_note-25) In Canada, the programme has appeared on the BBC Canada (/wiki/BBC_Canada) , the CBC (/wiki/Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation) , The Comedy Network (/wiki/The_Comedy_Network) and VisionTV (/wiki/VisionTV) . In the United States in April 2021, the entire series is being included with Amazon’s Prime streaming service; while listed slightly differently, e.g., ‘Season 5” adds the final three episodes from 2011 to the British series five from 2003-2004, all episodes are available with a Prime membership. It is also available on the Britbox (/wiki/Britbox) streaming service. Other [ edit ] In Israel, some of the series was aired on Yes Plus (/wiki/Yes_Plus) and on BBC Entertainment (/wiki/BBC_Entertainment) . In Brazil, all episodes were aired on Eurochannel (/wiki/Eurochannel) & Multishow (/wiki/Multishow) in the late 90s & 2000s beginning, and in the 2010s at GNT (/wiki/GNT) . Episodes [ edit ] Main article: List of Absolutely Fabulous episodes (/wiki/List_of_Absolutely_Fabulous_episodes) Series Series Episodes Originally aired First aired Last aired Network 1 (/wiki/List_of_Absolutely_Fabulous_episodes#Series_1_(1992)) 6 12 November 1992 ( 1992-11-12 ) 17 December 1992 ( 1992-12-17 ) BBC Two (/wiki/BBC_Two) 2 (/wiki/List_of_Absolutely_Fabulous_episodes#Series_2_(1994)) 6 27 January 1994 ( 1994-01-27 ) 10 March 1994 ( 1994-03-10 ) BBC One (/wiki/BBC_One) 3 (/wiki/List_of_Absolutely_Fabulous_episodes#Series_3_(1995)) 6 30 March 1995 ( 1995-03-30 ) 11 May 1995 ( 1995-05-11 ) Specials (#Series_3_(1995)) 2 6 November 1996 ( 1996-11-06 ) 7 November 1996 ( 1996-11-07 ) 4 (/wiki/List_of_Absolutely_Fabulous_episodes#Series_4_(2001)) 6 31 August 2001 ( 2001-08-31 ) 5 October 2001 ( 2001-10-05 ) Special (#Series_4_(2001)) 27 December 2002 ( 2002-12-27 ) 5 (/wiki/List_of_Absolutely_Fabulous_episodes#Series_5_(2003)) 8 17 October 2003 ( 2003-10-17 ) 24 December 2003 ( 2003-12-24 ) Special (#Series_5_(2002)) 25 December 2004 ( 2004-12-25 ) 20th Anniversary (/wiki/List_of_Absolutely_Fabulous_episodes#20th_Anniversary_specials_(2011–12)) 3 25 December 2011 ( 2011-12-25 ) 23 July 2012 ( 2012-07-23 ) Reception [ edit ] Critical reception [ edit ] Tim Gray of Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) magazine said that " Absolutely Fabulous , British sitcom about a rich, self-absorbed, falling-down-drunk woman, is not as funny as it intends to be, but it is absolutely unique, absolutely rude and absolutely politically incorrect". He also said that " AbFab offers no sense of justice, which may give viewers the heebie-jeebies, since Americans like to believe that the wicked, even if they are amusing, will get punished. But the characters are originals, and AbFab has the courage of its convictions, encouraging audiences to find humor in such recent comedic taboos as substance abuse or mistreated offspring." [25] (#cite_note-26) Michael Hogan of The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) gave the 20th Anniversary specials a negative review; following the "Olympics" episode, he commented, "The special Olympic edition of Absolutely Fabulous [...] would have won no medals for comedy." He added, "This was the last of three 20th anniversary specials, the first pair of which were shown over Christmas. Every single one of those 20 years showed on-screen during this torturous half-hour." [26] (#cite_note-27) In a more favourable review, Meredith Blake of The A.V. Club (/wiki/The_A.V._Club) stated, "While longtime AbFab fans will enjoy this latest incarnation of the series, which has been reprised multiple times since its official end in 1995, 'Identity' most definitely isn't for AbFab neophytes, who will most likely be confused by the broad performances, the outré costumes, and the disembodied canned laughter." [27] (#cite_note-28) Ratings [ edit ] Series Timeslot # Ep. First aired Last aired Rank Avg. viewers (millions) Date Viewers (millions) Date Viewers (millions) 1 (/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous_(series_1)) Thursday 9:00 pm 6 12 November 1992 TBA 17 December 1992 TBA TBA TBA 2 (/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous_(series_2)) Thursday 9:30 pm 6 27 January 1994 TBA 10 March 1994 TBA TBA TBA 3 (/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous_(series_3)) 6 30 March 1995 TBA 11 May 1995 TBA TBA TBA 4 (/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous_(series_4)) Friday 9:00 pm 6 31 August 2001 8.28 [28] (#cite_note-BARB-29) 5 October 2001 6.64 [28] (#cite_note-BARB-29) 13 7.46 5 (/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous_(series_5)) Friday 9:00 pm (1–7) Wednesday 9:05 pm (8) 8 17 October 2003 7.69 [28] (#cite_note-BARB-29) 24 December 2003 6.91 [28] (#cite_note-BARB-29) N/A 6.74 Accolades [ edit ] Year Association Category Nominee Result Ref. 1993 British Academy Television Awards (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Awards) (BAFTA) Light Entertainment Performance Jennifer Saunders (Series 1) Nominated [29] (#cite_note-30) Light Entertainment Performance Joanna Lumley (Series 1) Won Best Comedy (Programme or Series) (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Award_for_Best_Comedy_(Programme_or_Series)) Jon Plowman, Bob Spiers, Jennifer Saunders (Series 1) Won 1995 Best Comedy Performance (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Award_for_Best_Comedy_Performance) Joanna Lumley (Series 2) Won [30] (#cite_note-31) Best Comedy (Programme or Series) Jon Plowman, Bob Spiers, Jennifer Saunders (Series 2) Nominated 1996 (/wiki/1996_British_Academy_Television_Awards) Best Comedy Performance Joanna Lumley (Series 3) Nominated [31] (#cite_note-32) Best Comedy (Programme or Series) Jon Plowman, Bob Spiers, Jennifer Saunders (Series 3) Nominated 1997 (/wiki/1997_British_Academy_Television_Awards) Best Comedy Performance Joanna Lumley (episode: The Last Shout ) Nominated [32] (#cite_note-33) Best Comedy (Programme or Series) Jon Plowman, Bob Spiers, Jennifer Saunders, Janice Thomas (episode: The Last Shout ) Nominated 2002 (/wiki/2002_British_Academy_Television_Awards) Best Comedy Performance Joanna Lumley (Series 4) Nominated [33] (#cite_note-34) 2012 (/wiki/2012_British_Academy_Television_Awards) Best Female Performance in a Comedy Programme Jennifer Saunders ( 20th Anniversary ) Won [34] (#cite_note-35) 1993 British Academy Television Craft Awards (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Craft_Awards) Best Costume Design (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Craft_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design) Sarah Burns, Philip Lester (Series 1) Nominated [35] (#cite_note-36) 2005 (/wiki/2005_British_Academy_Television_Craft_Awards) Best Make-Up & Hair Design (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Craft_Award_for_Best_Make-Up_%26_Hair_Design) Christine Cant (episode: White Box ) Nominated [36] (#cite_note-37) 1993 British Comedy Awards (/wiki/National_Comedy_Awards) Best Comedy Actress Jennifer Saunders (Series 1) Nominated Best Comedy Actress Joanna Lumley (Series 1) Won [37] (#cite_note-38) Best New TV Comedy Absolutely Fabulous (Series 1) Won 1994 Best TV Comedy Actress Jennifer Saunders (Series 2) Nominated Best BBC Sitcom Absolutely Fabulous (Series 2) Nominated 1995 Best BBC Sitcom Absolutely Fabulous (Series 3) Nominated 2002 Best Comedy Actress Joanna Lumley (Series 4) Nominated 1993 Writers' Guild of Great Britain (/wiki/Writers%27_Guild_of_Great_Britain) TV - Situation Comedy Jennifer Saunders (Series 1) Won [38] (#cite_note-39) 1994 (/wiki/22nd_International_Emmy_Awards) International Emmy Awards (/wiki/International_Emmy_Awards) Popular Arts Absolutely Fabulous (episode: "Hospital") (Tied with Red Dwarf (/wiki/Red_Dwarf) ) Won [39] (#cite_note-40) 1995 (/wiki/17th_CableACE_Awards) CableACE Award (/wiki/CableACE_Award) International Dramatic or Comedy Special or Series/Movie or Miniseries Jon Plowman Nominated 1995 (/wiki/1st_National_Television_Awards) National Television Awards (/wiki/National_Television_Awards) Most Popular Comedy Programme Absolutely Fabulous (Series 3) Nominated 2013 (/wiki/18th_National_Television_Awards) Most Popular Situation Comedy Absolutely Fabulous ( 20th Anniversary ) Nominated 2004 Television and Radio Industries Club (/wiki/Television_and_Radio_Industries_Club) Comedy Programme Absolutely Fabulous (Series 5) Won [40] (#cite_note-41) 2018 Online Film & Television Association TV Hall of Fame Absolutely Fabulous Won [41] (#cite_note-42) Cultural impact [ edit ] In 2000, Absolutely Fabulous was ranked as the 17th greatest British television show of all time (/wiki/BFI_TV_100) by the British Film Institute (/wiki/British_Film_Institute) (BFI). [42] (#cite_note-43) In 1997, the pilot episode, "Fashion", was ranked #47 on TV Guide ' s "100 Greatest Episodes of All-Time" (/wiki/TV_Guide%27s_100_Greatest_Episodes_of_All_Time) list. [43] (#cite_note-44) A scene from the show was included in the TV's 100 Greatest Moments (/wiki/100_Greatest_(TV_series)) programme broadcast by Channel 4 (/wiki/Channel_4) in 1999. [44] (#cite_note-45) In 2004 and 2007, the show was ranked #24 and #29 on TV Guide (/wiki/TV_Guide) ' s "Top Cult Shows Ever" list. [45] (#cite_note-TopCultShows-46) In 2019, the series ranked #9 in Radio Times (/wiki/Radio_Times) ' top 20 British sitcoms of all time. [46] (#cite_note-47) Absolutely Fabulous has a 96% rating on Rotten Tomatoes (/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes) . [47] (#cite_note-48) From its earliest series, Absolutely Fabulous won a devoted cult status with gay (/wiki/Gay) audiences, which persists. There have been numerous tributes over the years, such as an Absolutely Fabulous drag show at Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras (/wiki/Sydney_Gay_and_Lesbian_Mardi_Gras) , and the song " Absolutely Fabulous (/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous_(song)) " by synth-pop (/wiki/Synth-pop) duo Pet Shop Boys (/wiki/Pet_Shop_Boys) . Later series of the show leaned into its cult status, including more gay-related storylines, such as Edina's search for her estranged gay son and Edina and Patsy marrying each other in a same-sex commitment ceremony. [48] (#cite_note-49) Adaptations and related media [ edit ] A proposed American remake that would have starred Carrie Fisher (/wiki/Carrie_Fisher) and Barbara Carrera (/wiki/Barbara_Carrera) was put into motion by Roseanne Barr (/wiki/Roseanne_Barr) but never materialised. However, Barr did incorporate many elements of the show into the ninth season of her eponymous show Roseanne (/wiki/Roseanne_(TV_series)) , in which her character wins the lottery: Saunders and Lumley reprised their characters Edina and Patsy, and Mo Gaffney also appeared in the episode, though not as her character Bo. [49] (#cite_note-Radio_Times_Guide_to_TV_Comedy-50) Two later American sitcoms, Cybill (/wiki/Cybill_(TV_series)) [50] (#cite_note-51) and High Society (/wiki/High_Society_(1995_TV_series)) , [51] (#cite_note-52) also adapted elements of Absolutely Fabulous for the American audience. [52] (#cite_note-53) It was announced on 7 October 2008 that an American version of the series was in the works. The series was tentatively called Ab Fab and relocated to Los Angeles. Saturday Night Live (/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live) writer Christine Zander worked on the new scripts and would have been executive producer along with Saunders and BBC Worldwide (/wiki/BBC_Worldwide) 's Ian Moffitt (/wiki/Ian_Moffitt) . Sony Pictures Television (/wiki/Sony_Pictures_Television) , BBC Worldwide (/wiki/BBC_Worldwide) , and indie Tantamount were producing the new series for Fox (/wiki/Fox_network) , which greenlighted the pilot as a possible Fall 2009 entry [53] (#cite_note-54) [54] (#cite_note-55) [55] (#cite_note-56) with Kathryn Hahn (/wiki/Kathryn_Hahn) as Eddy and Kristen Johnston (/wiki/Kristen_Johnston) as Patsy. [56] (#cite_note-57) In May 2009, Fox decided not to commission a full series. [57] (#cite_note-58) [58] (#cite_note-59) The stage for the kitchen in Ab Fab was subsequently used as the stage for the shop in the British comedy Miranda (/wiki/Miranda_(TV_series)) . Miranda Hart, creator of the show, had previously appeared on Absolutely Fabulous . Mirrorball [ edit ] Mirrorball (/wiki/Mirrorball_(TV_pilot)) was a pilot set in the London theatre scene, starring the cast of Absolutely Fabulous as alternative characters. While writing and filming the show, Saunders was inspired to revive Absolutely Fabulous for a fourth series, which resulted in her abandoning Mirrorball . It was eventually aired as a television special and is included as a special feature on the fourth series DVD. Some original characters from Mirrorball feature in the fourth series. [59] (#cite_note-60) Absolument fabuleux [ edit ] A French film inspired by Absolutely Fabulous , titled Absolument fabuleux (/wiki/Absolument_fabuleux) , was released in 2001. It was written and directed by Gabriel Aghion (/wiki/Gabriel_Aghion) , and starred Josiane Balasko (/wiki/Josiane_Balasko) as Eddy and Nathalie Baye (/wiki/Nathalie_Baye) as Patsy. Saunders had a small cameo alongside Catherine Deneuve (/wiki/Catherine_Deneuve) as a spectator at a fashion show. Amanda Lear (/wiki/Amanda_Lear) was asked to play the part of Patsy but turned it down laughingly, saying she had "already lived it". [60] (#cite_note-61) [61] (#cite_note-62) Absolutely Fabulous: The Movie [ edit ] Main article: Absolutely Fabulous: The Movie (/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous:_The_Movie) In 2011, before the release of the new episodes for 2011/2012, Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) reported that Saunders planned to begin writing a script for a film of Absolutely Fabulous in 2012. The film would begin with Edina and Patsy waking up on an oligarch's deserted yacht, drifting in the ocean. [62] (#cite_note-DL_2011-63) Saunders later said that the film would be set on the French Riviera. [63] (#cite_note-64) In March 2012, Saunders confirmed that she was working on the script. [64] (#cite_note-independent.ie-65) She said of the film's plotline: Eddy and Patsy are looking for what they imagine glamorous life should be. They're constantly searching for that perfect place to sit or that perfect pair of sunglasses. It's Shangri-La and it just might be round the next corner. In the meantime, they decide to take Saffy's (Julia Sawalha) daughter off her – she calls her Jane, I call her Lola – but then they lose her. [64] (#cite_note-independent.ie-65) Saunders also stated that now that she had announced plans for a feature, there was no going back. She would do it for no reason other than having her alter-ego and Patsy walk down the red carpet at the film's premiere. [64] (#cite_note-independent.ie-65) In April 2013, Saunders said on the Alan Carr Chatty Man show that she had doubts about the film as she felt the cast was "too old". She felt pressure to write it and did not want to commit herself to it at this early stage. [65] (#cite_note-66) On 4 January 2014 whilst appearing on The Jonathan Ross Show (/wiki/The_Jonathan_Ross_Show) , Saunders officially confirmed that the movie will definitely be happening, as she felt obliged to write a script for a film adaptation after threatening it for so long. [66] (#cite_note-67) Saunders was quoted as saying: " Joanna Lumley (/wiki/Joanna_Lumley) kept announcing it and saying, 'Yes she's going to do it,' and then Dawn French (/wiki/Dawn_French) on our radio show at Christmas said, 'I bet £100,000 that you don't write it,' so now I have to write it, otherwise I have to pay her £100,000'". [67] (#cite_note-68) In April 2014, Saunders again confirmed on BBC Breakfast that she was in the process of writing the film, and gave a prospective release date of sometime during 2015. [68] (#cite_note-69) Principal photography (/wiki/Principal_photography) on the film began on 12 October 2015 in the south of France (/wiki/South_of_France) [69] (#cite_note-70) [70] (#cite_note-Oct2015Deadline-71) and it premiered in London on 29 June 2016. Home media [ edit ] Absolutely Fabulous was initially released on VHS in the UK by BBC Video (/wiki/BBC_Video) ending with the eight-VHS box set Series 1–4 in November 2002. In the United States, series 1 and 2 were released together on Laserdisc by CBS/FOX in a boxed set in 1995, followed by series 3, released by CBS/FOX the following year and "The Last Shout" released by Image Entertainment in 1997. All episodes were later released on DVD, including a five-DVD box set titled The Complete DVD Collection: Series 1–4 in 2002. BBC Video distributed all releases and 2 Entertain (/wiki/2_Entertain) (post 2004) except for The Last Shout which was released by Vision Video (/wiki/Virgin_Group#Subsidiaries_and_investments) and Universal Studios (/wiki/Universal_Studios) . The entire series is also available on demand on iTunes (/wiki/ITunes) . When the first three series were re-released on DVD, they did not include corresponding cover photography to their series: Series 1 included an image from the Series 3 episode "Jealous", Series 2 had an image from the Series 3 episode "Doorhandle" and Series 3 is from the Series 2 episode "Poor". All other releases included imagery from the correct series, as do the original VHS releases. In North America, all episodes have been released on DVD by BBC Video and Warner Home Video (/wiki/Warner_Home_Video) , including a complete collection named Absolutely Everything . The Last Shout and Gay (released in the UK individually) were released as a collection called Absolutely Special in 2003. Another feature-length special White Box was released exclusively to the American market. It was eventually released in the United Kingdom on 15 November 2010 with its inclusion in the Absolutely Everything box set. Other releases include Absolutely Not , a bloopers and outtakes collection, and Absolutely Fabulous: A Life (released as "Ab Fab: Moments" in the United States exclusively to VHS), a mockumentary including 15 minutes of new material interspersed with clips from the series. Both were only released on VHS in the UK; the latter was also released as a special feature on the box set release Absolutely Everything in America. Save for "The Last Shout" and the specials "Gay" (aka "Absolutely Fabulous in New York") and "White Box", the entire series is available to stream via Hulu. The series is also available on Netflix (/wiki/Netflix) . UK VHS [ edit ] In the United Kingdom, VHS releases were distributed by BBC Video (/wiki/BBC_Video) , except The Last Shout, which was released by Vision Video (/wiki/Virgin_Group#Subsidiaries_and_investments) , with a final release in 2002. Series/special Episodes Release date Runtime BBFC (/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification) rating Additional Series 1 (Part 1) 3 4 October 1993 86 minutes 15 Contains the first three episodes of Series 1: Fashion , Fat , France Series 1 (Part 2) 3 4 October 1993 86 minutes 15 Contains the remaining three episodes of Series 1: Iso Tank , Birthday , Magazine Series 2 (Part 1) 3 19 October 1994 88 minutes 12 Contains the first three episodes of Series 2: Hospital , Death , Morocco Series 2 (Part 2) 3 19 October 1994 87 minutes 15 Contains the remaining three episodes of Series 2 New Best Friend , Poor , Birth The Complete Series 1 6 3 July 1995 173 minutes 15 Double VHS Collection containing all six episodes from Series 1 Series 3 (Part 1) 3 2 October 1995 86 minutes 15 Contains the first three episodes of Series 3 Doorhandle , Happy New Year , Sex Series 3 (Part 2) 3 2 October 1995 84 minutes 15 Contains the remaining three episodes of Series 3 Jealous , Fear , The End Series 1–3 18 30 October 1995 518 minutes 15 6 VHS Box Set containing all 18 episodes from Series 1—3 The Complete Series 2 6 6 May 1996 175 minutes 15 Double VHS Collection containing all six episodes from Series 2 The Last Shout 2 11 November 1996 100 minutes 12 Final Episodes Special Parts 1 & 2 Absolutely Fabulous: Absolutely Not N/A 3 November 1997 58 minutes 15 The Designer Balls-Up Collection: contains bloopers and outtakes Absolutely Fabulous: A Life N/A 2 November 1998 78 minutes 12 Mockumentary with 15 minutes of new material with clips from the series BBFC (/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification) : 12 The Complete Series 4 6 19 November 2001 180 minutes 15 Single VHS tape containing all six episodes from Series 4 The Complete Series 3 6 25 November 2002 178 minutes 15 Single VHS tape containing all six episodes from Series 3 The Complete Series 2 6 25 November 2002 175 minutes 15 Single VHS tape containing all six episodes from Series 2 – different packaging The Complete Series 1 6 25 November 2002 173 minutes 15 Single VHS tape containing all six episodes from Series 1 – different packaging Series 1–4 24 25 November 2002 720 minutes 15 8-VHS Box Set containing all 24 episodes from Series 1–4 DVD releases [ edit ] All five series of Absolutely Fabulous have been released on DVD in individual series sets in Region 1, 2 & 4 via BBC Video (/wiki/BBC_Video) , 2Entertain (/wiki/2Entertain) and Roadshow Entertainment (/wiki/Roadshow_Entertainment) , respectively. The specials have also been made available, not all in individual sets; "The Last Shout" was handled through Via Vision on Region 2, Universal Studios Home Entertainment (/wiki/Universal_Studios_Home_Entertainment) on Region 4, and it was included alongside "Gay" on Region 1 from BBC Video. "Gay” was only released individually on Region 2, while it was included with the fifth series Region 4 DVD. "White Box" was only made available individually on Region 1 & 4. The 20th Anniversary DVD was released individually on all regions. A set comprising the first three series was released on Region 1 only. A series one to four set was made available on Region 2 & 4. In 2006, Region 4 was the first region to release all five series; however, due to licensing rights, "The Last Shout" was omitted from the set, but "Gay" and "White Box" remained. It was re-released in 2011, including "The Last Shout". The same set was released prior on Region 1 in 2008 and on Region 2 in 2010, which, for the first time, included "White Box" in the UK, which was never available individually. A complete series set was released on all regions with the addition of the 20th Anniversary Specials. Individual series sets, specials & collection sets Series/ specials Release date Features Region 1 (/wiki/DVD_region_code#1) Region 2 (/wiki/DVD_region_code#2) Region 4 (/wiki/DVD_region_code#4) Series 1 13 March 2001 [71] (#cite_note-72) 20 November 2000 [72] (#cite_note-73) 3 October 2001 [73] (#cite_note-74) six episodes BBFC (/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification) rating: 15 ACB (/wiki/Australian_Classification_Board) rating: M Series 2 13 March 2001 [74] (#cite_note-75) 1 October 2001 [75] (#cite_note-76) 28 February 2002 [76] (#cite_note-77) six episodes BBFC (/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification) rating: 15 ACB (/wiki/Australian_Classification_Board) rating: M Series 3 13 March 2001 [77] (#cite_note-78) 12 November 2001 [78] (#cite_note-79) 1 July 2002 [79] (#cite_note-80) six episodes BBFC (/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification) rating: 15 ACB (/wiki/Australian_Classification_Board) rating: M Series 4 5 February 2002 [80] (#cite_note-81) 8 April 2002 [81] (#cite_note-82) 8 August 2002 [82] (#cite_note-83) six episodes BBFC (/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification) rating: 15 ACB (/wiki/Australian_Classification_Board) rating: M Series 5 16 March 2004 [83] (#cite_note-84) 27 September 2004 [84] (#cite_note-85) 7 April 2004 [85] (#cite_note-86) 8 episodes (Region 1 & 2) 9 episodes (Region 4 – includes "Gay") BBFC (/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification) rating: 15 ACB (/wiki/Australian_Classification_Board) rating: M Specials The Last Shout — 27 November 2000 [86] (#cite_note-87) 20 June 2001 [87] (#cite_note-88) BBFC (/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification) rating: 12 ACB (/wiki/Australian_Classification_Board) rating: M Gay — 29 September 2003 [88] (#cite_note-89) — BBFC (/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification) rating: 15 Absolutely Special 30 September 2003 [89] (#cite_note-90) — — two specials Includes "The Last Shout" & "Gay" (aka "Absolutely Fabulous in New York") Other release(s): 13 September 2005 [90] (#cite_note-91) White Box 16 October 2007 [91] (#cite_note-92) — 3 November 2005 [92] (#cite_note-93) ACB (/wiki/Australian_Classification_Board) rating: M Ab Fab at 20 11 September 2012 [93] (#cite_note-94) 30 July 2012 [94] (#cite_note-95) 16 August 2012 [95] (#cite_note-96) BBFC (/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification) rating: 15 ACB (/wiki/Australian_Classification_Board) rating: M Collections Series 1–3 13 March 2001 [96] (#cite_note-97) — — 18 episodes 4 discs Special features: Outtakes Photo Galleries How to be Absolutely Fabulous Ab Fab Moments Modern Day Mother and Daughter Let's Get Celebritied Up Who's Who in Ab Fab It's a Fabulous World Series 1–4 — 25 November 2002 [97] (#cite_note-98) 8 October 2002 [98] (#cite_note-99) BBFC (/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification) rating: 15 ACB (/wiki/Australian_Classification_Board) rating: M Series 1–5 — — 20 April 2006 [99] (#cite_note-100) 34 episodes Series 1–5, specials: "Gay" & "White Box" (excluding "The Last Shout") ACB (/wiki/Australian_Classification_Board) rating: M Series 1–5 27 May 2008 [100] (#cite_note-101) 15 November 2010 [101] (#cite_note-102) 7 April 2011 [102] (#cite_note-103) 36 episodes Series 1–5, specials: "The Last Shout", "Gay" & "White Box" BBFC (/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification) rating: 15 ACB (/wiki/Australian_Classification_Board) rating: M Complete 5 November 2013 [103] (#cite_note-104) 17 March 2014 [104] (#cite_note-105) 30 April 2014 [105] (#cite_note-106) All 39 episodes Series 1–5, specials: "The Last Shout", "Gay", White Box" & "Ab Fab at 20" BBFC (/wiki/British_Board_of_Film_Classification) rating: 15 ACB (/wiki/Australian_Classification_Board) rating: M See also [ edit ] Comedy portal (/wiki/Portal:Comedy) Television portal (/wiki/Portal:Television) United Kingdom portal (/wiki/Portal:United_Kingdom) List of (/wiki/List_of_Absolutely_Fabulous_episodes) Absolutely Fabulous episodes (/wiki/List_of_Absolutely_Fabulous_episodes) List of British television programmes (/wiki/List_of_British_television_programmes) List of programs broadcast by Comedy Central (/wiki/List_of_programs_broadcast_by_Comedy_Central) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) The theme song is performed by Julie Driscoll (/wiki/Julie_Driscoll) and Adrian Edmondson (/wiki/Ade_Edmondson) in series 1–4, as well as in the 20th anniversary specials (/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous:_20th_Anniversary) . In the two-part special " The Last Shout (/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous_(series_3)#ep19) ", the theme song is performed by Marianne Faithfull (/wiki/Marianne_Faithfull) and P. P. Arnold (/wiki/P._P._Arnold) , while in the " Gay (/wiki/Absolutely_Fabulous_(series_4)#ep27) " special and in series 5, it is performed by Debbie Harry (/wiki/Debbie_Harry) and Edmondson. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-2) Fullerton, Huw (29 November 2016). "Jennifer Saunders says there'll be no more Absolutely Fabulous: "That. Is. It." (https://www.radiotimes.com/news/2016-11-29/jennifer-saunders-says-therell-be-no-more-absolutely-fabulous-that-is-it/) " (https://www.radiotimes.com/news/2016-11-29/jennifer-saunders-says-therell-be-no-more-absolutely-fabulous-that-is-it/) . Radio Times (/wiki/Radio_Times) . Retrieved 1 October 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Tabberer, Jamie (10 October 2023). "Jennifer Saunders writing Ab Fab spin-off with Joanna Lumley 'possibly' returning" (https://www.attitude.co.uk/culture/jennifer-saunders-writing-new-absolutely-fabulous-project-449248/) . Attitude (/wiki/Attitude_(magazine)) . Retrieved 18 October 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "A stagger down memory lane, sweetie? Absolutely Fabulous stars to reunite" (https://www.standard.co.uk/showbiz/celebrity-news/joanna-lumley-jennifer-saunders-gold-june-whitfield-patsy-b1165268.html) . Evening Standard (/wiki/Evening_Standard) . 19 June 2024 . Retrieved 19 June 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Thorp, Clare (8 June 2016). "Seven facts you never knew about Absolutely Fabulous" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/films/absolutely-fabulous/seven-facts-only-superfans-know/) . The Telegraph . Archived (https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/films/absolutely-fabulous/seven-facts-only-superfans-know/) from the original on 12 January 2022 . 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"Why Absolutely Fabulous now looks absolutely prescient" (https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/aug/29/absolutely-fabulous-prescient-ab-fab) . The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) . Retrieved 5 September 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Absolutely Fabulous: Olympics" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/proginfo/2012/30/absolutely-fabulous.html) BBC Media Centre. Undated. ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Jennifer Saunders 'definitely doing' Absolutely Fabulous movie" (http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/movies/news/a357639/jennifer-saunders-definitely-doing-absolutely-fabulous-movie.html) 29 December 2011, Digital Spy ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Stella McCartney to star in Absolutely Fabulous" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG8925273/Stella-McCartney-to-star-in-Absolutely-Fabulous.html) . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Alleyne, Richard (6 November 2011). "Jennifer Saunders: my fight against breast cancer" (https://web.archive.org/web/20111107061709/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/healthnews/8872803/Jennifer-Saunders-my-fight-against-breast-cancer.html) . The Daily Telegraph . London. Archived from the original (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/healthnews/8872803/Jennifer-Saunders-my-fight-against-breast-cancer.html) on 7 November 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Logo to Co-Produce Three New "Absolutely Fabulous" Specials" (http://www.newnownext.com/logo-to-co-produce-three-new-absolutely-fabulous-specials/08/2011/) . NewNowNext . 29 August 2011 . Retrieved 12 September 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "BBC bosses want new series of Ab Fab for 2013" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120108160528/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/showbiz/article-24024783-bbc-bosses-want-new-series-of-ab-fab-for-2013.do) . London Evening Standard . 3 January 2012. 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BBC One. ^ (#cite_ref-20) Romano, Nick (10 June 2016). "Absolutely Fabulous movie soundtrack features Kylie Minogue theme song cover" (https://ew.com/article/2016/06/10/absolutely-fabulous-movie-soundtrack-kylie-minogue/) . Entertainment Weekly (/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly) . Retrieved 27 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Fullerton, Huw (29 November 2016). "Jennifer Saunders says there'll be no more Absolutely Fabulous: "That. Is. It." (http://www.radiotimes.com/news/2016-11-29/jennifer-saunders-says-therell-be-no-more-absolutely-fabulous-that-is-) " (http://www.radiotimes.com/news/2016-11-29/jennifer-saunders-says-therell-be-no-more-absolutely-fabulous-that-is-) . Radio Times (/wiki/Radio_Times) . Retrieved 4 December 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Jennifer Saunders hints at 'age-appropriate' Absolutely Fabulous revival" (https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2018/oct/13/jennifer-saunders-hints-at-age-appropriate-absolutely-fabulous-revival) . The Guardian . 13 October 2018 . Retrieved 14 December 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) O'Connor, John J. (22 July 1994). "TV WEEKEND; More Acerbic Daffiness in a Series From the BBC" (https://web.archive.org/web/20200608165305/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/07/22/arts/tv-weekend-more-acerbic-daffiness-in-a-series-from-the-bbc.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . sec. D, p. 17. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Archived from the original (https://www.nytimes.com/1994/07/22/arts/tv-weekend-more-acerbic-daffiness-in-a-series-from-the-bbc.html) on 8 June 2020 . Retrieved 8 June 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Kaye, Jeff (23 July 1994). " (https://web.archive.org/web/20200608170214/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-07-23-ca-19004-story.html) 'Absolutely Fabulous': Absolute Fright for the States? : Television: Comedy Central adopts a U.K. hit. Can Yanks take two aging hipsters who drink, smoke and shun being role models?" (https://web.archive.org/web/20200608170214/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-07-23-ca-19004-story.html) . Los Angeles Times (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times) . Archived from the original (https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-07-23-ca-19004-story.html) on 8 June 2020 . Retrieved 8 June 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Complete 'Absolutely Fabulous' to air on Logo TV" (http://www.hitfix.com/articles/complete-absolutely-fabulous-to-air-on-logo-tv) . HitFix (/wiki/HitFix) . 24 March 2011 . Retrieved 12 September 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Review: 'Absolutely Fabulous' (https://variety.com/1994/tv/reviews/absolutely-fabulous-2-1200437891/) " (https://variety.com/1994/tv/reviews/absolutely-fabulous-2-1200437891/) . Variety.com (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) . 22 July 1994 . Retrieved 28 November 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) Hogan, Michael (23 July 2012). "Absolutely Fabulous, BBC One, review" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/9420387/Absolutely-Fabulous-BBC-One-review.html) . The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) . Archived (https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/tvandradio/9420387/Absolutely-Fabulous-BBC-One-review.html) from the original on 12 January 2022 . Retrieved 28 November 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) Black, Meredith (8 January 2012). "Absolutely Fabulous 20th Anniversary Special" (https://tv.avclub.com/absolutely-fabulous-20th-anniversary-special-1798171044) . The A.V. Club (/wiki/The_A.V._Club) . Retrieved 28 November 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Weekly top 30 programmes on TV sets (July 1998 – Sept 2018)" (https://www.barb.co.uk/viewing-data/weekly-top-30/) . Broadcasters' Audience Research Board (/wiki/Broadcasters%27_Audience_Research_Board) . Retrieved 15 June 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) "Television in 1993" (http://awards.bafta.org/award/1993/television) . awards.bafta.org . 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Academic dress worn at Columbia University, New York Ruth Bader Ginsburg (/wiki/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg) in older style Bachelor of Laws (/wiki/Bachelor_of_Laws) Columbia Law School (/wiki/Columbia_Law_School) academic regalia The academic regalia of Columbia University are the robes, gowns, and hoods which are prescribed by the university for its graduates. As one of the oldest universities in the United States (/wiki/Colonial_colleges) , Columbia University (/wiki/Columbia_University) has a long tradition of academic dress dating back to its founding in the 18th century, when it became the second university in the country to formally adopt academic robes. The development of Columbia's academic regalia (/wiki/Academic_regalia) has strongly influenced those of most universities in the United States. Since the passing of the Intercollegiate Code of Academic Costume (/wiki/Academic_dress_in_the_United_States) in 1895, the style of academic dress worn at the university in the late 20th century has served as the basis of those of most other universities in the country. Though once worn daily by students at the university, caps and gowns now are only worn during commencement (/wiki/Columbia_University_commencement) . History [ edit ] President Frederick Augustus Porter Barnard (/wiki/Frederick_Augustus_Porter_Barnard) wearing a scarlet doctoral gown in 1886. The pink of the facings and sleeve linings was the color of the faculty of law. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) The first recorded instance of Columbia students wearing academic dress was at the university's second commencement, in 1760. The New-York Mercury reported that "the Students and Candidates dressed in their Gowns, and uncovered, proceeded to St. George’s Chapel..." Upon the accession of Columbia's second president, Myles Cooper (/wiki/Myles_Cooper) , in 1763, academic dress became required for students, a regulation inspired by the rules of The Queen's College, Oxford (/wiki/The_Queen%27s_College,_Oxford) , and which in part served to prevent students from visiting the gambling houses and brothels near Columbia's Park Place campus by making them easily identifiable in public. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) : 83 This made Columbia the second university in the United States to impose such a dress code on students, after Princeton (/wiki/Princeton_University) . [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Teaching was suspended at Columbia beginning in 1776 due to the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War (/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War) . When the university was reopened in 1784, students were no longer given the privilege to wear academic regalia; after several petitions by students, the board of trustees (/wiki/Trustees_of_Columbia_University_in_the_City_of_New_York) passed a resolution on August 25, 1788, allowing students to wear academic gowns by choice, in order to distinguish themselves from non-students in the city of New York. The next year, it was made such that the university could require academic dress on certain occasions. Academic regalia would continue to be worn daily by students until the mid-19th century, when the custom began to fade. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Columbia College students wearing academic dress at graduation, 1913 The style of academic dress worn at Columbia was first codified in 1887. Gowns were to be of "The form to be that commonly worn, with open sleeves..." and made of "worsted stuff or silk for ordinary wear. Cassimere (/wiki/Cashmere_wool) for dress of ceremony." All gowns were to be black, except for those worn by doctors (/wiki/Doctor_(title)) , who could elect to wear scarlet gowns "lined in the sleeves with silk or satin". After the University of Pennsylvania (/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania) , Columbia was the second college to officially sanction the wearing of non-black robes as part of academic dress; however, the scarlet gown would be abandoned only five years later in 1892. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) The master's gown was the first recorded instance of an academic gown in the United States having three velvet stripes on the sleeves and a velvet facing, a design that is commonplace at universities today. [2] (#cite_note-:2-2) Under President Seth Low (/wiki/Seth_Low) , Columbia hosted a meeting with Yale (/wiki/Yale_University) , Princeton (/wiki/Princeton_University) , and New York University (/wiki/New_York_University) which saw the passing of the Intercollegiate Code of Academic Costume (/wiki/Academic_dress_in_the_United_States) on March 16, 1895, which was based on Columbia's existing dress code. [3] (#cite_note-3) [2] (#cite_note-:2-2) Barack Obama (/wiki/Barack_Obama) dons his academic regalia before delivering a commencement address at Barnard College (/wiki/Barnard_College) , 2012. Columbia's regalia would continue to evolve over the next century. Several attempts to change the style of dress were made under Presidents Frank D. Fackenthal (/wiki/Frank_D._Fackenthal) and Dwight D. Eisenhower (/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower) , but no large changes were implemented until 1963, under President Grayson L. Kirk (/wiki/Grayson_L._Kirk) and Provost Jacques Barzun (/wiki/Jacques_Barzun) . While the shape of the gown stayed consistent with the guidelines set by the Intercollegiate Code, the color was changed from black to slate grey, embroidered crowns were added to the velvet facings of the doctor's gown and two black tabs sewn onto the gown for bachelors and masters, and the shape of the hood was drastically changed. In the late 1980s, the color of the gown was changed again to "Columbia Grey", and finally settled on the current color, slate blue, in 2010. The shape of the hood was also changed back in 2000, so that Columbia graduates' hoods would match the styles of those worn by faculty with degrees from other universities. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Today, most students wear their academic regalia only twice during the week of their commencement. Graduates of Columbia College (/wiki/Columbia_College_(New_York)) wear theirs four times. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) In addition to their academic dress, students at Columbia attend commencement holding items that represent their respective schools. In the four undergraduate colleges, Columbia College graduates bring inflatable Roar-ee the Lion (/wiki/Roar-ee_the_Lion) dolls, School of Engineering and Applied Science (/wiki/Fu_Foundation_School_of_Engineering_and_Applied_Science) graduates red toy hammers, Barnard College (/wiki/Barnard_College) graduates giant letter Bs, and General Studies (/wiki/Columbia_University_School_of_General_Studies) graduates inflatable owls. [4] (#cite_note-4) The other schools also hold representative items: for example, School of International and Public Affairs (/wiki/School_of_International_and_Public_Affairs,_Columbia_University) graduates wave flags, School of Nursing (/wiki/Columbia_University_School_of_Nursing) graduates hold inflatable sticks saying "NURSES," and College of Dental Medicine (/wiki/Columbia_University_College_of_Dental_Medicine) graduates hold giant toothbrushes. [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) Regalia components [ edit ] Gowns [ edit ] A Columbia Doctor of Education (/wiki/Doctor_of_Education) in modern doctoral regalia Columbia Bachelor's and Master's gowns are slate blue, with two black tabs sewn into the yolk seam on either side of the gown with crowns embroidered onto them. This is due to the intricacy of the design of the crown, which needed to be embroidered onto a separate piece of fabric first. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Master's gowns are differentiated from Bachelor's gowns by their oblong sleeves, which open at the wrists. [7] (#cite_note-:1-7) Doctoral gowns have facings of black velvet, with three black velvet chevrons on each sleeve; their crowns are embroidered directly onto the facing. The velvet chevrons were formerly colored to indicate the wearer's degree. [8] (#cite_note-Smith-8) Bachelor's and master's candidates wear traditional mortar-boards, while doctoral candidates wear octagonal black velvet tams with gold tassels. [7] (#cite_note-:1-7) Hoods [ edit ] The hoods worn as part of Columbia's academic regalia largely conform to the guidelines set by the Intercollegiate Code of Academic Costume. The interior of the hood is Columbia blue (/wiki/Columbia_blue) and white, representing the school, and the facing and backing of the hood is in the standard colors used to indicate the academic discipline in which the degree was earned. Though all graduates are entitled to wear a hood, generally only doctoral students wear them. [7] (#cite_note-:1-7) See also [ edit ] Academic regalia in the United States (/wiki/Academic_dress_in_the_United_States) Academic regalia of Harvard University (/wiki/Academic_regalia_of_Harvard_University) Academic regalia of Stanford University (/wiki/Academic_regalia_of_Stanford_University) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d e f g h Wolgast, Steven L. (January 1, 2009). "King's Crowns: The History of Academic Dress at King's College and Columbia University" (https://newprairiepress.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1073&context=burgonsociety) . Transactions of the Burgon Society . 9 : 80–137. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.4148/2475-7799.1073 (https://doi.org/10.4148%2F2475-7799.1073) . ^ a b Wolgast, Stephen L. (January 1, 2009). "The Intercollegiate Code of Academic Costume: An Introduction" (https://newprairiepress.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1070&context=burgonsociety) . Transactions of the Burgon Society . 9 : 16. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.4148/2475-7799.1070 (https://doi.org/10.4148%2F2475-7799.1070) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Leonard, Gardner Cottrell (1896). The Cap and Gown in America . Cottrell & Leonard. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Lokey, Anna (May 17, 2016). "What each college should actually carry at Commencement - Columbia Spectator" (https://www.columbiaspectator.com/spectrum/2016/05/16/what-four-schools-should-actually-carry-commencementt/) . Columbia Daily Spectator . Retrieved July 31, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Joy, Julia (June 15, 2022). "10 Uplifting Photos from Columbia's 2022 Commencement" (https://magazine.columbia.edu/article/10-uplifting-photos-columbias-2022-commencement) . Columbia Magazine . Retrieved June 16, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) @columbia (May 19, 2022). "🎓 Congratulations to our graduates! 🎉💙" (https://www.instagram.com/p/Cdv_QhNpCKs/) . Retrieved June 16, 2022 – via Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) . ^ a b c "Commencement History & Regalia | Commencement" (https://commencement.columbia.edu/content/commencement-history-regalia) . commencement.columbia.edu . Retrieved 2021-07-10 . ^ (#cite_ref-Smith_8-0) Smith, Hugh (1970). Academic Dress and Insignia of the World: Gowns, Hats, Chains of Office, Hoods, Rings, Medals and Other Degree Insignia of Universities and Other Institutions of Learning . Cape Town: A.A. 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Style of dresses Demitoilet An early example of the demi-toilet dress from 1800 Type Dress (/wiki/Dress) Introduced 1800 See also: Dress § History (/wiki/Dress#History) Demi-toilet refers to a style of dresses based on a small skirt that can be worn on formal occasions or in daily life. It is different from full dresses, such as evening dresses, dress suits, and wedding dresses due to having a skirt length of five centimetres below the knee [ clarification needed ] . The demi-toilet style is suitable for a simple, casual look. For example, lace could be added to the bottom of the dress when attending banquets or decorated with flowers for an afternoon tea. The dress is lightweight and comfortable, and it is suitable for many ceremonial occasions, including cocktail parties, birthday parties, business meetings, dates, vacations, and weddings. The style used to serve as a symbol of reputation when well-designed dresses and luxurious accessories directly represented one's elevated status and authority. Evolution [ edit ] In the 1920s, the demi-toilet first appeared at wine tastings. At that time, the dress was described as a skirt. It was a fashionable daytime outfit with long, loose, gem-coloured skirt straight to the knee and collocated by a small-cap, gloves and a small handbag. In 1926, Coco Chanel (/wiki/Coco_Chanel) first displayed this skirt in Vogue and caught public attention with a black dress. This dress had only a small amount of diagonal decoration. Vogue magazine called it Chanel's "Ford T model car" and predicted the prototype of this modest dress would become essential clothing for all women. At the end of the 1920s, the demi-toilet dress was still modelled after the daytime outfit, yet it had begun to enter its evolution. During the 1930s and 1940s, all-day dresses became popular, and the demi-toilet reappeared. The dress was most often black, but other colours were also available. Silk and satin were the most commonly used fabrics, and the length was generally only to the knee. The rise of black dresses was mainly due to their straightforward appearance, making it a good office dress. Black dresses were also frequently embellished with various accessories, such as brooches (/wiki/Brooch) and sequins (/wiki/Sequin) . The dress was suitable enough to appear in evening activities like dance and cocktail parties. Moreover, as they were limited to the black-and-white photography techniques of the time, female stars usually wore black dresses in the movies to avoid the colour distortion of the dress in the film imaging. All of these factors enabled the demi-toilet dress to quickly become a symbol of women's freedom of movement, mind, and body at that time, giving people a carefree feeling. After World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) , the return of soldiers from foreign countries caused the clothing of other nationalities and different fabrics to enter into Western society. The fashion scene changed considerably. The style of dress became more open, the length of the dress became shorter, the neckline became lower, the body was tighter, and the sleeves were removed. The post-war dresses became more eye-catching and glamorous with more reflective sequins and shiny embroidery. The mindset at the time was that a shiny dress was better. In the late 1940s, Christian Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior_(fashion_house)) introduced the word 'demi-toilet' to describe the dress. A slightly exaggerated hat, along with long elbow gloves (/wiki/Opera_gloves) , a small chain bag with a flash powder box, and shoes that matched the colour of the handbag were the most popular style at cocktail parties. This tradition continued into the 1960s. In the 1960s, the colour became relatively lighter, and pastel, silver, and gold replaced black as the main colour of the dress. The decorations on the dress were reduced. Many people stayed home at night due to the decreasing popularity of cocktail parties, and by the end of the 1960s, more women started to wear a simple dress in daily life. Home-made dresses started to replace demi-toilet dresses with fancy decorations. However, the design of the dresses still followed the trend of the time. In the 1970s, the casual style was born, and loose jumpsuits (/wiki/Jumpsuit) and pants replaced the dresses. In the 1980s, after the casual trend, the demi-toilet once again became popular, usually with satin as the fabric and decorated with lace. In the 1990s, the demi-toilet style increased in popularity. People started to wear it on formal occasions. For example, some Hollywood actresses wore it on the red carpet, and leaders wore it to give speeches to the public. Since then, fashion designers of various brands had re-launched a collection of demi-toilet dresses that had been ignored for several decades. Modern characteristics [ edit ] Today, demi-toilet dresses are a must-have for many fashion brands. Significant changes in the style of the dress through history have evolved into a variety of styles that are emerging today. These kinds of dresses lead the fashion trend and allow girls to have many different dresses. The demi-toilet brings women not only noble temperament and elegant femininity, but also a symbol of taste and status, which is popular among women. Nowadays, the style of the demi-toilet is very diverse. Some styles include court retro, ethnic style, rock style, and civilian fashion. These styles are all novel and unique. The type of skirt on the dress also varies widely, with suspender skirts, slanted skirts, mini skirts, fishtail skirts, and pleated skirts all making appearances, along with many others. Materials such as chiffon, cotton, lace, silk, wool, linen, satin, denim, and leather may be used. Style categories [ edit ] Princess pattern [ edit ] The princess dress has many different styles, such as a tube top and a sling. These dresses are closely fitted to the waistline, which is unbroken by a seam. The dress gets its name from its resemblance to the stereotypical dress of a princess. Layers of chiffon (/wiki/Chiffon_(fabric)) and pettiskirts are the main characteristics. The high-waist design and fashionable details of the princess dress fit the proportions of many girls' bodies, especially petite and thin women. Nowadays, to keep simplicity, the princess dress eliminates the cumbersome feeling of layered skirts and brings a sense of ease and romance. Different necklines are also popular, giving a full-bodied bride a choice between a deep neckline or V-neck to make the neck look slimmer. [1] (#cite_note-1) Crinoline dress worn by Princess Dagmar of Denmark (/wiki/Maria_Feodorovna_(Dagmar_of_Denmark)) Crinoline pattern [ edit ] This type of dress is representative of decent elegance and strays from fashion trends. A tight waist, proper upper body, and cotton dress lining are the main characteristics. The exquisite design of the crinoline dress reflects the feeling of the nobility, and the large skirt makes women seem more solemn. In the British royal family, some dresses have had a history of several hundred years and were passed down from generation to generation Many may even be treated as a cultural relic. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) Personal pattern [ edit ] The personal dress is often simple, using draping fabric and a narrow design tailored to the body curve. Among all the patterns, it can best reflect the body shape of women and the modern style of cutting. The personal pattern dress may be the most similar to the types of skirts people wear today. It has many characteristics dependent on different designs, such as highlighting the neckline and adding glamour, femininity, and elongating the proportions of the upper body and legs. Unique tailoring methods make women high and thin visually and enable them to show their figures more confidently. Colour [ edit ] Beige [ edit ] The beige demi-toilet is a perfect interpretation of classical and modern, considered to be elegant and fashionable as well as holding aristocratic traits. In addition, beige can give others a gentle and benignant feeling. This kind of dress is excellently designed, with attention to detail, unique materials, and high quality. Its design concept incorporates neoclassicism and expresses noble tastes with simplicity. [3] (#cite_note-3) Black [ edit ] Black is probably the most suitable colour for all to wear on every occasion. It uses a simple and elegant style to convey feelings of solemnity, stability, seriousness, loneliness and seniority. The black demi-toilet presents a charming, style—noble, self-cultivating, capable and generous. [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) An example of a blue demi-toilet dress Blue [ edit ] Blue demi-toilets give an impression of nobility and maturity. Blue is often considered a universal colour and may represent a calm demeanour. At the same time, the many shades of blue allow these dresses to take on several other meanings, such as vitality or success. Green [ edit ] Green dresses can give off a mysterious, confident air. These dresses are often elegant and somewhat bold, as green is an eye-catching colour. However, green is also considered to be a neutral colour, [5] (#cite_note-:2-5) making it popular among those who want to wear a unique dress without being too distracting. Pink [ edit ] Pink is the most popular dress colour among girls and teenagers. It represents a cute, gentle, innocent, elegant and noble demeanour. Deep pink shows kindness and gratitude, while light pink shows a more tender and beautiful image. Pink also reminds many of love, which contributes to its popularity among younger girls. Purple [ edit ] After 1862, when Queen Victoria wore a silk gown dyed with purple to the Royal Exhibition, the purple dress quickly became fashionable. However, at that time, only the aristocracy and the wealthy could afford to wear purple clothing because of the expensive dye. Purple is a mysterious and impressive dress colour. It may give a sense of oppression or inspiration. Dark purple dresses give a sense of terror, whereas dresses in light purple can leave others with an impression of a calm and modest individual. The vast differences between shades make purple a very unique dress colour. An elegant, white demi-toilet dress White [ edit ] When first meeting someone, a white demi-toilet may not be the preferred choice, as it may convey an impression of indifference. However, some specialists think that white has a calming effect on irritability. A pure white dress is different from those that are a more ordinary shade of white. A high-quality, bright white dress can be elegant and eye-catching. It has smooth lines, a simple style, and no exaggerated natural shape. The sophisticated craftsmanship, decent cuts, and precious fabrics of the white demi-toilet bring charm to many women. With different neckline designs, this dress can give a stylish, positive, transcendental, and progressive image, reflecting that of a romantic lady. [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) Yellow [ edit ] Yellow is a bright and light colour and shows clear, refreshed, innocent and friendly characteristics. A yellow dress might be chosen by a girl who is very optimistic about life, always looks forward, likes new things, and is eager to change her life frequently. Wearing yellow can also be a manifestation of spoiled psychology and a strong desire to win the favour of others. Yellow can represent frankness, straightforwardness and enterprise. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Lewandowski, Elizabeth J., 1960- (2011). The complete costume dictionary . Lewandowski, Dan. Lanham, Maryland. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780810840041 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 694238143 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/694238143) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) ) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list) ) ^ (#cite_ref-:0_2-0) Schwartz, Julia; Bigelow, Marybelle (1971-05-01). "Fashioned in History-Apparel in the Western World". Art Education . 24 (5): 43. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2307/3191669 (https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3191669) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0004-3125 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0004-3125) . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 3191669 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/3191669) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Forsythe, Sandra; Drake, Mary F.; Cox, Charles E. (1985). "Influence of applicant's dress on interviewer's selection decisions". Journal of Applied Psychology . 70 (2): 374–378. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1037/0021-9010.70.2.374 (https://doi.org/10.1037%2F0021-9010.70.2.374) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0021-9010 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0021-9010) . ^ Jump up to: a b Johnson, Kim; Lennon, Sharron J; Rudd, Nancy (2014-11-22). "Dress, body and self: research in the social psychology of dress" (https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs40691-014-0020-7) . Fashion and Textiles . 1 (1). doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1186/s40691-014-0020-7 (https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs40691-014-0020-7) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 2198-0802 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2198-0802) . ^ (#cite_ref-:2_5-0) Stanchev, Peter; Green Jr., David; Dimitrov, Boyan (2003). "High Level Color Similarity Retrieval" (http://sci-gems.math.bas.bg/jspui/handle/10525/950) . Information Theories and Applications . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1313-0463 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1313-0463) . 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demitoilet&oldid=1171789847 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demitoilet&oldid=1171789847) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Dresses (/wiki/Category:Dresses) Design history (/wiki/Category:Design_history) Hidden categories: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Wikipedia articles needing clarification from July 2021 (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_clarification_from_July_2021)
French business executive For other people named Lelandais, see Lelandais (disambiguation) (/wiki/Lelandais_(disambiguation)) . Merc Lelandais Marc Lelandais CEO of Vivarte (/w/index.php?title=Vivarte&action=edit&redlink=1) In office July 2012 – October 2014 Preceded by Georges Plassat Succeeded by Richard Simonin Chairman of Lancel (/w/index.php?title=Lancel_(brand)&action=edit&redlink=1) In office 2006–2012 Chairman of ST Dupont (/wiki/ST_Dupont) In office 2005–? Personal details Born ( 1966-05-08 ) 8 May 1966 (age 58) Mayenne (/wiki/Mayenne) , France Education ESSEC Business School (/wiki/ESSEC_Business_School) Paris-Sorbonne University (/wiki/Paris-Sorbonne_University) Occupation Businessman Marc Lelandais (born May 8, 1966 in Mayenne (/wiki/Mayenne) , France (/wiki/France) ) is a French business executive in the luxury and textile industry. He became chairman of ST Dupont (/wiki/ST_Dupont) in 2005 and then Lancel (/w/index.php?title=Lancel_(brand)&action=edit&redlink=1) from 2006 to 2012. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) In July 2012, he was made CEO of French clothing distributor Vivarte (/w/index.php?title=Vivarte&action=edit&redlink=1) but was terminated in 2014. In 2015, he founded the consulting firm Pacello & Co. [3] (#cite_note-3) Early life and education [ edit ] Lelandais earned an MBA (/wiki/MBA) in Luxury Brands Marketing and International Management from ESSEC Business School (/wiki/ESSEC_Business_School) . He has a master's degree in Political Science and a Postgraduate Diploma in Marketing from the Paris-Sorbonne University (/wiki/Paris-Sorbonne_University) , Paris (/wiki/Paris) . Career [ edit ] Lelandais started his career in 1990 with the designer Pierre Cardin (/wiki/Pierre_Cardin) in the Perfumes and Cosmetics division. [4] (#cite_note-4) He managed the Sales and Marketing Department of the Parfums de Femme Distribution network ( Marionnaud Parfumeries (/w/index.php?title=Marionnaud_Parfumeries&action=edit&redlink=1) ) and was responsible for the opening of new stores and brand marketing. Lelandais worked briefly at watchmaker Raymond Weil (/wiki/Raymond_Weil) , and then took over the Marketing Department at Children Worldwide Fashion. In 2001, he took charge of the Accessories, Leather Goods and Lifestyle division of the Escada (/wiki/Escada) Group, and took part in the launching of several new lines. [ citation needed ] In September 2005 he took management of ST Dupont, which had been undergoing a difficult financial situation for many years. [5] (#cite_note-5) Lelandais left after Six months because of disagreements with the Asian shareholder about the best approach to recovery. [6] (#cite_note-6) He was hired in 2006 by Richemont Group to restructure the company Lancel, which had been in financial difficulties. [7] (#cite_note-7) He developed a new line of leather goods promoted by celebrities, and marketed it in Asia. [8] (#cite_note-8) He oversaw the renovation of the Lancel stores. After six years Lelandais was dismissed by the Richmond Group (/wiki/Richmond_Group) . [9] (#cite_note-9) In 2012, Lelandais became director of Vivarte Group (formerly André (/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9_(brand)&action=edit&redlink=1) ), which owns 24 fashion brands. In July 2012, he was made CEO succeeding Georges Plassat. He conducted a business reorientation of 17 companies through brand redeployment, internationalization, digitalization, and repositioning away from discount lines. The company was able to reduce its debt by 2 billion euros through a restructuring deal with its creditors. [10] (#cite_note-10) LeLandais was terminated because of disagreements with the shareholders over future governance [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) In 2014 Lelandais was replaced as CEO by Richard Simonin. [13] (#cite_note-13) Historical preservation [ edit ] Lelandais has worked to preserve Renaissance buildings built between 1480 and 1515 in the Châteaux of the Loire Valley (/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teaux_of_the_Loire_Valley) . He undertook the renovation of old houses at Amboise (/wiki/Amboise) and Chaumont-sur-Loire (/wiki/Chaumont-sur-Loire) by using local craftsmen. He purchased Château-Gaillard historical domain at Amboise and reopened it to the public in 2014 after four years of renovations. [14] (#cite_note-14) He is the administrator of the Société des Amis du Musée de Cluny (/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_Cluny) , National Museum of the Middle Ages, Paris. [ citation needed ] Literature [ edit ] L'abbé Sieyès sous la Convention Nationale , Biography, 1989, Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne (OCLC 493178730) Les relations du personnel politique aux sondages d'opinion : histoire et analyse d'une entreprise politique : le barrisme de 1976 à 1991 , 1991, Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne, Mémm DESS (OCLC 29456608) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Du Rififi dans le business de Brigitte Bardot" (http://www.capital.fr/a-la-une/actualites/du-rififi-dans-le-business-de-brigitte-bardot-1110445) . Capital (/wiki/Capital_(French_magazine)) , 18/03/2016 ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Le groupe Vivarte aurait-il enfin trouvé chaussure à son pied ?" (http://www.lexpress.fr/actualite/le-groupe-vivarte-aurait-il-enfin-trouve-chaussure-a-son-pied_1230325.html) . L'Express , 08/03/2013 ^ (#cite_ref-3) "News Archives" (https://www.just-style.com/news/vivarte-appoints-lelandais-as-chairman_id114826.aspx) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) L'ultimo lusso firmato Lancel un guinzaglio per cani snob (http://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2009/12/07/ultimo-lusso-firmato-lancel-un-guinzaglio-per.html) in la Repubblica (/wiki/La_Repubblica) ^ (#cite_ref-5) " Lancel préfère les personnalités aux pedigrees" (http://www.lefigaro.fr/emploi/2007/04/07/01010-20070407ARTFIG91257-lancel_prefere_les_personnalites_aux_pedigrees.php) . Le Figaro (/wiki/Le_Figaro) , CAROLE BELLEMAREMis 15/10/2007 ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Le retour rocambolesque de l'ex-patron de ST Dupont" (http://lexpansion.lexpress.fr/entreprises/le-retour-rocambolesque-de-l-ex-patron-de-st-dupont_1365469.html) . L'Express (/wiki/L%27Express) 11/01/2006 ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Lancel se remet en selle" (http://www.leparisien.fr/lancel-se-remet-en-selle-12-12-2011-1763335.php) . Le Parisien (/wiki/Le_Parisien) -Supplément Economie |12 décembre 2011 ^ (#cite_ref-8) " Lancel accélère son développement en Asie" (http://www.lefigaro.fr/societes/2008/09/04/04015-20080904ARTFIG00398-lancel-accelere-son-developpement-en-asie-.php) . Le Figaro , 04/09/2008 ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Fabrizio Cardinali succede a Marc Lelandais come a.d. di Lancel" (http://fashionmagazine.it/ItemByCategory.aspx?ItemID=32162) . Fashion Magazine , 6 September 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Vivarte hires new chief from Monoprix" (http://www.just-style.com/news/vivarte-hires-new-chief-from-monoprix_id127367.aspx) . Just-Style , Mar 1, 2016 ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Marc Lelandais poussé vers la sortie de Vivarte" (http://www.magazine-decideurs.com/news/marc-lelandais-pousse-vers-la-sortie-de-vivarte) . Decideurs , 31-10-2014 ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Vivarte : Ne pas mourir guéri" (http://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2014/10/31/vivarte-ne-pas-mourir-gueri_4516045_3234.html) . Le Monde (/wiki/Le_Monde) ECONOMIE". 31.October.2014 ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Vivarte se sépare de son président" (http://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2014/10/30/vivarte-se-separe-de-son-president_4515702_3234.html) . Le Monde 30.10.2014. Audrey Tonnelier ^ (#cite_ref-14) " Château Gaillard est redevenu " un bijou " " (http://www.lanouvellerepublique.fr/Indre-et-Loire/Loisirs/Patrimoine-tourisme/n/Contenus/Articles/2016/06/09/Chateau-Gaillard-est-redevenu-un-bijou-2744262) . 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Bishop Andrewes cap The Bishop Andrewes cap is a recent [ when? ] reinvention of the ancient style of academic cap (/wiki/Academic_cap) as part of academic dress (/wiki/Academic_dress) before it developed into the modern mortarboard as it is known today. [1] (#cite_note-1) The cap is named after Bishop (/wiki/Bishop) Lancelot Andrewes (/wiki/Lancelot_Andrewes) who may or may not have worn this style of cap at all. The cap is similar to the mortarboard save that it does not have a hard board to stiffen the top square. Instead, it is soft and floppy. Instead of a tassel (/wiki/Tassel) and button (/wiki/Button) , there is a tump or pompom (/wiki/Pompom) of silk at the centre of the apex. It is usually made of black velvet. The cap is currently prescribed for the full academical dress for a Doctor of Divinity (/wiki/Doctor_of_Divinity) (DD) at the University of Cambridge (/wiki/University_of_Cambridge) as well as the official dress of certain learned societies (/wiki/Learned_societies) such as the Burgon Society (/wiki/The_Burgon_Society) . References [ edit ] Goff, Philip (1999). University of London Academic Dress . London: University of London Press. Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Goff; p.22-23 v t e Academic dress (/wiki/Academic_dress) Components Terminology Groves classification system (/wiki/Groves_classification_system) Headwear Bishop Andrewes cap Biretta (/wiki/Biretta#Academic_biretta) Canterbury cap (/wiki/Canterbury_cap) Couleur (/wiki/Couleur) Doctoral hat (/wiki/Doctoral_hat) Faluche (/wiki/Faluche) Square academic cap (/wiki/Square_academic_cap) Student cap (/wiki/Student_cap) Tudor bonnet (/wiki/Tudor_bonnet) Hoods Cowl (/wiki/Cowl) Epitoge (/wiki/Epitoge) Hood (/wiki/Hood_(headgear)) Liripipe (/wiki/Liripipe) Stole (/wiki/Academic_stole) Tippet (/wiki/Tippet) Gowns Cope (/wiki/Cope) Gown (/wiki/Gown) Khrui (/wiki/Khrui) Miscellaneous Bands (/wiki/Bands_(neckwear)) Doctoral ring (/wiki/Doctoral_ring) Sub fusc (/wiki/Sub_fusc#Subfusc) People Cecil Beaton (/wiki/Cecil_Beaton) John Burgon (/wiki/John_Burgon) Charles Franklyn (/wiki/Charles_Franklyn) Norman Hargreaves-Mawdsley (/wiki/Norman_Hargreaves-Mawdsley) George Shaw (/wiki/George_Shaw_(academic_dress_scholar)) Vivienne Westwood (/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood) By country Australia Melbourne (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_University_of_Melbourne) Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_Royal_Melbourne_Institute_of_Technology) Tasmania (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Tasmania) Canada McGill (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_McGill_University) Ireland Dublin (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Dublin) National (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_National_University_of_Ireland) Philippines Santo Tomas (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Santo_Tomas) Thailand Chulalongkorn (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_Chulalongkorn_University) United Kingdom (/wiki/Academic_dress_in_the_United_Kingdom) England and Wales Bristol (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Bristol) Cambridge (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Cambridge) Durham (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_Durham_University) Exeter (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Exeter) Imperial (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_Imperial_College_London) Kent (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Kent) Leeds (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Leeds) Liverpool John Moores (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_Liverpool_John_Moores_University) London (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_London) King's (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_King%27s_College_London) Manchester (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Manchester) Nottingham (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Nottingham) Oxford (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Oxford) Wales (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Wales) Warwick (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Warwick) Scotland Edinburgh (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Edinburgh) Glasgow (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Glasgow) Robert Gordon (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_Robert_Gordon_University) St Andrews (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_St_Andrews) Undergraduate gowns (/wiki/Undergraduate_gowns_in_Scotland) United States (/wiki/Academic_dress_in_the_United_States) Columbia (/wiki/Academic_regalia_of_Columbia_University) Harvard (/wiki/Academic_regalia_of_Harvard_University) Stanford (/wiki/Academic_regalia_of_Stanford_University) Other countries China (/wiki/Chinese_academic_dress) France (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robe_universitaire_en_France) Spain (https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indumentaria_universitaria_en_Espa%C3%B1a) See also The Burgon Society (/wiki/Burgon_Society) Academic scarves (/wiki/Academic_scarf) Honor cords (/wiki/Honor_cords) Legal dress (/wiki/Legal_dress) Praxe (/wiki/Praxe) Category (/wiki/Category:Academic_dress) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐f856f9b8b‐df9d4 Cached time: 20240716043055 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.193 seconds Real time usage: 0.257 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 471/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 43126/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 528/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 9362/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.107/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1713308/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 206.557 1 -total 55.70% 115.051 4 Template:Navbox 52.71% 108.875 1 Template:Academic_dress 27.47% 56.733 1 Template:When 24.19% 49.961 1 Template:Fix 15.78% 32.588 2 Template:Category_handler 9.94% 20.528 1 Template:Reflist 8.95% 18.489 1 Template:Center 4.29% 8.871 1 Template:Delink 4.19% 8.650 1 Template:Icon Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:24652187-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716043055 and revision id 1059130715. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bishop_Andrewes_cap&oldid=1059130715 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bishop_Andrewes_cap&oldid=1059130715) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Academic dress (/wiki/Category:Academic_dress) Caps (/wiki/Category:Caps) Hidden categories: All articles with vague or ambiguous time (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_vague_or_ambiguous_time) Vague or ambiguous time from May 2016 (/wiki/Category:Vague_or_ambiguous_time_from_May_2016)
Style of jacket Magua A Chinese laborer wearing a magua painted by Pierre-Louis Delaval Type Jacket (/wiki/Jacket) Place of origin Chinese-speaking world (/wiki/Chinese-speaking_world) , China The magua ( Manchu (/wiki/Manchu_language) : ᠣᠯᠪᠣ olbo, simplified Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 马褂 ; traditional Chinese (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters) : 馬褂 ) was a style of jacket worn by males during the Qing dynasty (/wiki/Qing_dynasty) (1644–1911), designed to be worn together with and over the manshi changshan (/wiki/Changshan) ( 滿式長衫 ) as part of the Qizhuang (/wiki/Qizhuang) . Magua is at waist length, with five disc buttons on the front and slightly short, wide sleeves. The garment was available in a number of styles: singlet ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 单 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : dān ), clip ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 夹 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : jiá ), leather ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 皮 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : pí ), cotton yarn ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 纱 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : shā ), quilted ( 棉 ; mián ) and others. It was worn by Manchu people (/wiki/Manchu_people) throughout China from the reign of the Qing Shunzhi Emperor (/wiki/Shunzhi_Emperor) (r. 1643–1661) until the time of the Kangxi Emperor (/wiki/Kangxi_Emperor) , (r. 1661–1722), [1] (#cite_note-1) whence it became popular throughout Qing China. Rendered literally in English as "riding jacket", the magua had its origins as a simple tabard (/wiki/Tabard) -like item of clothing intended to protect the changshan (/wiki/Changshan) during riding and normal everyday activities. However, with time the magua itself became more elaborate, becoming for officials part of their uniform of office; one variation of the magua, the imperial yellow jacket (/wiki/Imperial_yellow_jacket) , becoming an indication of Imperial approval of an individual. The magua is considered the predecessor of the balsam jacket (/w/index.php?title=Balsam_jacket&action=edit&redlink=1) ( 鳳仙裝 , fèngxiān zhuāng ) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) and the tangzhuang (/wiki/Tangzhuang) . In Chinese culture [ edit ] Tujia minority [ edit ] Tujia (/wiki/Tujia_people) is one of the 56 recognized ethnic groups in China. Both men and women mainly wear skirts and jackets, favoring colors such as black and blue. After the 1730s, men and women started to wear clothes that would help differentiate their gender. [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) The magua, buttoned at the center front, is worn by men over the blue long robe. It can be worn formally in black or informally in colors of red, green or gray, with wide trousers usually in a different color, often white. Men would tie sashes around their waist band to help them carry tools or accessories and wear white or black turbans. Women, on the other hand, wore wide short sleeved, long gowns that button on the left side, with decorative elements at the edge of the sleeves and the collar, accompanied with a bafu luoqun ( or skirt of eight widths) made of red and black checked silk, embroidered with flowers or other designs. [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) Magua is also associated with social status, as men tried to incorporate the dress etiquettes from the Han period. The magua is accompanied by fur coats, silk gowns and skull caps. By the early 1950s, the popularity of the style decreased. Types of Magua [ edit ] Huang magua (/wiki/Imperial_yellow_jacket) (yellow magua) Regional variations [ edit ] Burmese taikpon [ edit ] U Thant (/wiki/U_Thant) dressed in a taikpon over a collarless shirt. Burmese politicians dressed in taikpon . The taikpon eingyi ( တိုက်ပုံအင်္ကျီ ), a traditional (/wiki/Burmese_clothing) jacket for Burmese (/wiki/Myanmar) men, is a descendant of the magua . [5] (#cite_note-Win_Turnell_2016_p._5-5) This costume began to gain currency during the late Konbaung dynasty (/wiki/Konbaung_dynasty) [6] (#cite_note-6) and became a requisite article of traditional formal attire during the colonial era. [7] (#cite_note-7) Korean magoja [ edit ] Main article: Magoja (/wiki/Magoja) The magoja (/wiki/Magoja) , a type of long jacket worn with hanbok (/wiki/Hanbok) , the traditional clothing of Korea, is a descendant of the magua , having been introduced to Koreans after Heungseon Daewongun (/wiki/Heungseon_Daewongun) , father of King Gojong (/wiki/Emperor_Gojong_of_the_Korean_Empire) , returned from political exile in Manchuria (/wiki/Manchuria) in 1887. [8] (#cite_note-Life_in_Korea-8) [9] (#cite_note-Britannica-9) See also [ edit ] Qizhuang (/wiki/Qizhuang) - Manchu clothing Burmese clothing (/wiki/Burmese_clothing) Cheongsam (/wiki/Cheongsam) Chinese clothing (/wiki/Chinese_clothing) Tangzhuang (/wiki/Tangzhuang) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) 袁傑英紡沈蓁. 中國旗袍 (in Chinese). 中國紡織出版社. 2000. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 7506417073 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Nickerson, Peter (2005), "Attacking the Fortress: Prolegomenon to the Study of Ritual Efficacy in Vernacular Daoism", Scriptures, Schools, and Forms of Practice in Daoism: A Berlin Symposium , Asien- und Afrika-Studien der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , No. 20, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, pp. 117–185, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9783447051712 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Cheng Hong-sheng (2008), "The Qipao, the Western Dress, and the Taiwanese Shan: Images from 100 Years of Taiwanese Clothing", in Jiang Yajoo (ed.), Inter-Asia Cultural Studies , vol. 9, Abingdon: Routledge, pp. 300–323 . ^ a b Wu, Xu (2010), "Tujia National Minority", East Asia , vol. 6, Berg Publishers, pp. 225–229, doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2752/bewdf/edch6037 (https://doi.org/10.2752%2Fbewdf%2Fedch6037) , ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781847888495 ^ (#cite_ref-Win_Turnell_2016_p._5_5-0) Kyaw Win, U; Turnell, Sean (2016). My Conscience: An Exile's Memoir of Burma . Wipf & Stock Publishers. p. 5. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4982-8271-0 . Retrieved 2018-03-01 . The taik pon eingyi [jacket] is of Chinese origin. ^ (#cite_ref-6) "An unidentified minister of King Thibaw" (https://www.lostfootsteps.org/en/history/an-unidentified-minister-of-king-thibaw) . Lost Footsteps . Retrieved 2020-12-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "The origin of today's Myanmar men's outfit" (https://www.lostfootsteps.org/en/history/the-origin-of-todays-myanmar-mens-outfit) . Lost Footsteps . Retrieved 2020-12-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-Life_in_Korea_8-0) "Men's Clothing" (http://www.lifeinkorea.com/Culture/clothes/clothes.cfm?xURL=male) . Life in Korea . Retrieved 2008-11-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-Britannica_9-0) 마고자 (in Korean). Empas (/wiki/Empas) / Britannica (/wiki/Britannica) . Retrieved 2008-11-01 . Chinese Wikisource (/wiki/Wikisource) has original text related to this article: 洋服的没落 (https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/zh:%E6%B4%8B%E6%9C%8D%E7%9A%84%E6%B2%A1%E8%90%BD) v t e Clothing of Myanmar (/wiki/Burmese_clothing) Clothes Longyi (/wiki/Longyi) Paso (clothing) (/w/index.php?title=Paso_(clothing)&action=edit&redlink=1) Htamein (/wiki/Htamein) Jackets Htaingmathein (/wiki/Htaingmathein) Taikpon Royal and military attire Dayindaw (/w/index.php?title=Dayindaw&action=edit&redlink=1) Mahālatā (/w/index.php?title=Mah%C4%81lat%C4%81&action=edit&redlink=1) Wutlone (/w/index.php?title=Wutlone&action=edit&redlink=1) Thoyin-eingyi (/w/index.php?title=Thoyin-eingyi&action=edit&redlink=1) Pants Fisherman pants (/wiki/Fisherman_pants) Headgear Gaung baung (/wiki/Gaung_baung) Magaik (/wiki/Maku%E1%B9%ADa) Tharaphu Sibone (/wiki/Sibone) Okshaung (/w/index.php?title=Okshaung&action=edit&redlink=1) Phawlone (/wiki/Phawlone) Maukto (/w/index.php?title=Maukto&action=edit&redlink=1) Khamauk (/wiki/Asian_conical_hat) Stitching and design Acheik (/wiki/Acheik) Lotus silk (/wiki/Lotus_silk) Footwear Hnyat-phanat (/wiki/Hnyat-phanat) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐jnv7k Cached time: 20240720183431 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.455 seconds Real time usage: 0.606 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1149/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 31147/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 821/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 45962/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.331/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 14829218/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 547.096 1 -total 25.69% 140.554 1 Template:Reflist 21.57% 118.011 2 Template:Lang 16.02% 87.627 2 Template:Cite_book 14.55% 79.610 1 Template:Burmese_clothing 14.22% 77.771 1 Template:Navbox 12.60% 68.923 1 Template:Short_description 9.34% 51.077 1 Template:Wikisourcelang 9.03% 49.386 1 Template:Sister_project 8.74% 47.817 1 Template:Side_box Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:44414693-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720183431 and revision id 1229666627. 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Tunisian model and actress This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Rym_Breidy) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Rym_Breidy) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article is an autobiography (/wiki/Wikipedia:Autobiography) or has been extensively edited by the subject or by someone connected to the subject . It may need editing to conform to Wikipedia's neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) policy. There may be relevant discussion on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Rym_Breidy) . ( August 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guideline for biographies (/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(people)) . 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Find sources: "Rym Breidy" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Rym+Breidy%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Rym+Breidy%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Rym+Breidy%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Rym+Breidy%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Rym+Breidy%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Rym+Breidy%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( August 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This biography of a living person (/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons) needs additional citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help by adding reliable sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) . 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Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed. ( October 2018 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Rym Saidi Breidy [1] (#cite_note-1) ريم بريدي Saidi in "Boutiqaat", January 2020 Born Rym Saidi ( 1986-06-21 ) 21 June 1986 (age 38) Tunis (/wiki/Tunis) , Tunisia (/wiki/Tunisia) Nationality Tunisian (/wiki/Tunisian_people) Other names Rym Saidi, Rim Saidi Occupation(s) Model (/wiki/Model_(person)) , Actress (/wiki/Actress) Height 6 ft (183 cm) [2] (#cite_note-2) Spouse Wissam Breidy ​ ( m. 2017) ​ Children 2 Rym Saidi Breidy ( née (/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names) Saidi ) ( Arabic (/wiki/Arabic_language) : ريم بريدي ) (born 21 June 1986 in Tunis (/wiki/Tunis) ) is a Tunisian (/wiki/Tunisian_people) model and actress. Modelling career [ edit ] Rym Breidy (née Saidi) started her career as a model in 2003 after winning Elite Model Look (/wiki/Elite_Model_Look) Tunisia (/wiki/Tunisia) . In 2006, she won the first edition of the Arabic reality show Mission Fashion (/w/index.php?title=Mission_Fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) on LBC TV (/wiki/LBC_TV) , under the supervision of the Lebanese fashion designer Elie Saab (/wiki/Elie_Saab) . [3] (#cite_note-3) In 2007, she signed a modelling contract in Paris (/wiki/Paris) , and is currently represented by MP Models. [4] (#cite_note-4) She is also represented by Profile Models in London (/wiki/London) , [5] (#cite_note-5) Women Direct in Milan (/wiki/Milan) , [6] (#cite_note-6) One.1 management in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) , [7] (#cite_note-7) Munich Models in Germany (/wiki/Germany) , [8] (#cite_note-8) and MP Mega in Miami (/wiki/Miami) . [9] (#cite_note-9) In Italy (/wiki/Italy) , she appeared in a campaign for WIND (/wiki/WIND_(Italy)) with Italian comedian Giorgio Panariello (/wiki/Giorgio_Panariello) , followed by an appearance as Mother Nature in the TV show Ciao Darwin (/wiki/Ciao_Darwin) . [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) Tourism Ambassador For Tunisia [ edit ] In Tunisia, Breidy has participated in campaigns to help promote the Tunisian tourism industry (/wiki/Tourism_in_Tunisia) . She has been the face of the Tunisian travel agency Traveltodo (/w/index.php?title=Traveltodo&action=edit&redlink=1) since 2013. [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) 2015 controversy [ edit ] In 2015, her involvement with the company and other tourism campaigns was questioned over comments she made about tourism in Tunisia on a radio station, in which she admitted that she had advised her friends against visiting Tunisia due to the political and security instability of the country, saying that "We couldn't invite people into such unsafe conditions ... We couldn't put the lives of others in jeopardy". [ citation needed ] The management of Traveltodo described her remarks as inappropriate, as they undermined the tourist reputation of Tunisia and its international image. [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) Personal life [ edit ] Since 2008, Breidy has been living in Milan (/wiki/Milan) . She has also been studying economics and mathematics sciences part-time. [16] (#cite_note-16) On July 16, 2017, she married Lebanese television presenter Wissam Breidy in Milan. The couple met on the fourth season of the Arabic version of the reality television series Dancing With The Stars (/wiki/Dancing_With_The_Stars) in 2016. [17] (#cite_note-17) On 8 September 2018, she gave birth to a daughter, Bella Maria Breidy. Her second daughter, Aya Sophia, was born on 14 January 2020. [18] (#cite_note-18) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Rym Saidi Breidy on Instagram: "Officially Mr & Mrs Breidy. Back to Beirut for the preparations of our big day. #first #September #2017 #love #always #win الحب دائما يفوز" (https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/s/instagram/BWiD26Cj5YJ) " (https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/s/instagram/BWiD26Cj5YJ) . Instagram . Archived from the original (https://www.instagram.com/p/BWiD26Cj5YJ/) on 26 December 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Rym Saidi - Portfolio - MP Management" (http://www.mpmegamiami.com/-d/model/9118/rym-saidi) . Mpmegamiami.com . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Rencontre avec Rim Saidi la gagnante du concours Elite Tunisie et Mission Fashion Liban 2006" (http://www.babnet.net/festivaldetail-9854.asp) . Babnet.net . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "MP PARIS - RIM SAIDI" (http://www.mpparis.fr/-m/model/9066/rim-saidi) . Mpparis.fr . Retrieved 25 August 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Rym . | Women | Beautiful model working in London modelling industry" (http://www.profile-models.com/women/556273/rym-) . Profile-models.com . Retrieved 25 August 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "WOMEN DIRECT MILANO / WOMEN DIRECT MILANO - RYM" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160923131313/http://www.womendirect.it/model/4483/rym) . Womendirect.it . Archived from the original (http://www.womendirect.it/model/4483/rym) on 23 September 2016 . Retrieved 25 August 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "ONE MANAGEMENT - RYM SAIDI" (http://one.1management.com/div/one1/model/rym-saidi_3/p/555/c/-1/?sid=93142#img156546) . One.1management.com . Retrieved 25 August 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "RYM SAIDI represented by Munich Models. Direct division" (http://www.munich-models.de/en/women/direct/986801/rym-saidi) . Munich-models.de . Retrieved 25 August 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "MP MEGA MIAMI - Rym Saidi" (http://www.mpmegamiami.com/-m/model/9118/rym-saidi) . Munich-models.de . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Chi è Madre Natura? Rym Saidi nella terza puntata" (http://it.blastingnews.com/tv-gossip/2016/04/chi-e-madre-natura-rym-saidi-nella-terza-puntata-00860621.html) . Blasting News. 2 April 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Rym Saidi, la nuova Madre Natura di Ciao Darwin è la più sexy di tut..." (http://www.oggi.it/gossip/hot/2016/04/04/rym-saidi-la-nuova-madre-natura-di-ciao-darwin-e-la-piu-sexy-di-tutte-scopri-chi-e/) Oggi.it . Retrieved 25 August 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Actress Hend Sabri: Artists Should be at the Forefront in the War Against Terrorism" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151216230256/http://www.tunisia-live.net/2015/04/24/actress-hend-sabri-artists-should-be-at-the-forefront-in-the-war-against-terrorism/#) . Tunisialive . Archived from the original (http://www.tunisia-live.net/2015/04/24/actress-hend-sabri-artists-should-be-at-the-forefront-in-the-war-against-terrorism/#) on 16 December 2015 . Retrieved 19 July 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "L'agence Traveltodo réprimende le mannequin Rim Saïdi" (http://www.destinationtunisie.info/rim-saidi-une-ambassadrice-touristique-bien-mal-inspiree/) . Destination Tunisie . 5 October 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Traveltodo remet en cause sa collaboration avec Rim Saïdi" (https://www.espacemanager.com/traveltodo-remet-en-cause-sa-collaboration-avec-rim-saidi.html) . Espacemanager.com . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Vidéo: Quand une célébrité tunisienne empêche ses amies de visiter la Tunisie" (http://www.realites.com.tn/2015/10/quand-une-celebrite-tunisienne-empeche-ses-amies-de-visiter-la-tunisie/) . Réalités Online . 4 October 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-16) "MTV Lebanon - Dancing with the Stars" (https://web.archive.org/web/20171205042037/http://mtv.com.lb/dwts/Stars/Season_4/RYM_SAIDI#) . Archived from the original (http://mtv.com.lb/dwts/Stars/Season_4/RYM_SAIDI#) on 5 December 2017 . Retrieved 18 July 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Spécial Magazine - Wissam Breidy and Rym Saidi Said YES" (http://www.specialmagazine.co/en/details/wissam-breidy-and-rym-saidi-said-yes) . Specialmagazine.co . Retrieved 30 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "وسام بريدي وريم السعيدي يرزقان بطفلتهما الثانية "آيا صوفيا" وهذه أول صورة لها" (https://www.albawaba.com/ar/ترفيه/وسام-بريدي-وريم-السعيدي-يرزقان-بطفلتهما-الثانية-آيا-صوفيا-وهذه-أول-صورة-لها-1333268) . albawaba.com (in Arabic). 16 January 2020. 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British transgender woman (1998–2020) Elie Che Born ( 1998-04-10 ) 10 April 1998 United Kingdom Died 31 August 2020 (2020-08-31) (aged 22) [1] (#cite_note-BBC-1) The Bronx (/wiki/The_Bronx) , New York, US Cause of death Drowning (/wiki/Drowning) Elie Che [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) (10 April 1998 – 31 August 2020) was a British [1] (#cite_note-BBC-1) transgender woman. Her death in August 2020 became high-profile due to her prominence in the London queer nightlife scene, as well as the cultural focus on the deaths of transgender people due to their disproportionately shorter life expectancy (/wiki/LGBT_life_expectancy) . [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) Life and career [ edit ] Che was born on 10 April 1998. [ citation needed ] She had relocated to New York City from Atlanta shortly before her death, to pursue her transition surrounded by other trans women of colour. Che had previously lived in London for three years where she has been described as a trans icon. She hoped to find work in fashion. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) Che had walked for runway shows, as well as posed for multiple magazines. [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Che was featured in the BBC (/wiki/BBC) 's Other Voices documentary series. She also wrote a poem for the documentary. [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) Before her death, Che had been crowdfunding to support her move to New York and her medical transition, and had told supporters of her GoFundMe (/wiki/GoFundMe) that her goal was to live past the age of 35. [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-:1-9) Death [ edit ] Che was found dead at the water's edge at Orchard Beach (/wiki/Orchard_Beach_(Bronx)) in The Bronx (/wiki/The_Bronx) , New York, on Monday, 31 August 2020. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) Her death was ruled as accidental drowning. [10] (#cite_note-10) [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) She was 23 years old at the time of death. [11] (#cite_note-@norwoodnews.bronx_2020-11) Before the cause of death was revealed, many media outlets and trans rights activists assumed that her death was related to violence. Transgender women of color are frequently the target of hate crimes. A 2018 FBI report found that of the hate crimes reported that year on the basis of sexual orientation bias, 24.9 per cent were victims of anti-lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (mixed group) bias. [11] (#cite_note-@norwoodnews.bronx_2020-11) The National Center for Transgender Quality reported that 28 transgender people had been murdered in the first half of 2020, compared to 26 for all of 2019. Of these 28 victims, 23 had been transgender women, with the NCTQ noting that "the epidemic of violence is particularly pronounced for Black and Latina trans women." [12] (#cite_note-National_Center_for_Transgender_Equality_2020-12) The London Trans+ Pride (/wiki/London_Trans%2B_Pride) event in 2020 was held in honour of Elie Che. [9] (#cite_note-:1-9) [13] (#cite_note-13) See also [ edit ] History of transgender people in the United Kingdom (/wiki/History_of_transgender_people_in_the_United_Kingdom) History of transgender people in the United States (/wiki/History_of_transgender_people_in_the_United_States) References [ edit ] ^ a b "Trans Day of Remembrance: 'When one of us is hurt, we all feel it' (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/newsbeat-54992071) " (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/newsbeat-54992071) . BBC News . 20 November 2020 . Retrieved 22 November 2020 . ^ a b c d e "UK Trans Icon Elie Che Found Dead" (https://www.papermag.com/elie-che-found-dead-2647449846.html?rebelltitem=6#rebelltitem6?rebelltitem=6) . PAPER . 3 September 2020 . Retrieved 22 August 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Slater, Karl (23 April 2018). "Obsessed with.. Devin, Elijah and Rafael" (https://www.kaltblut-magazine.com/obsessed-with-devin-elijah-and-rafael/) . KALTBLUT Magazine . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180603142015/http://www.kaltblut-magazine.com:80/obsessed-with-devin-elijah-and-rafael/) from the original on 3 June 2018 . Retrieved 22 August 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Slater, Karl (10 March 2018). "Retro-futurisim by Karl Slater x Grace Ellington" (https://www.kaltblut-magazine.com/retro-futurisim-karl-slater-x-grace-ellington/) . KALTBLUT Magazine . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180317031128/http://www.kaltblut-magazine.com:80/retro-futurisim-karl-slater-x-grace-ellington/) from the original on 17 March 2018 . Retrieved 22 August 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Lehmann, Melanie. "Dear Self" (https://www.polyesterzine.com/scrapbook/dear-self) . Polyester Zine . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210822200431/https://www.polyesterzine.com/scrapbook/dear-self) from the original on 22 August 2021 . Retrieved 22 August 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "This is Who I Am: 'I want to reclaim the often misplaced voice' (https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/56ClklGYZZkBwn5S66ccQ29/this-is-who-i-am-i-want-to-reclaim-the-often-misplaced-voice) " (https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/56ClklGYZZkBwn5S66ccQ29/this-is-who-i-am-i-want-to-reclaim-the-often-misplaced-voice) . BBC Arts . 11 October 2019. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191014225053/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/56ClklGYZZkBwn5S66ccQ29/this-is-who-i-am-i-want-to-reclaim-the-often-misplaced-voice) from the original on 14 October 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Other Voices" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p07phrgc) . BBC (video). BBC Arts. 29 September 2019. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191004210356/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p07phrgc) from the original on 4 October 2019 . Retrieved 15 December 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Lins, LaTesa (5 September 2020). "U.K Trans Model Elie Che Body Found On Orchard Beach in N.Y, Vigil to be Held" (https://www.gayemagazine.com/post/u-k-trans-model-elie-che-body-has-been-found-on-orchard-beach-in-n-y) . Gaye Magazine . Retrieved 15 December 2020 . ^ a b Parsons, Vic (8 September 2020). "Trans icon Elie Che moved to New York because UK healthcare is so woeful. She was found dead less than a month later" (https://www.pinknews.co.uk/2020/09/08/elie-che-death-tribute-london-vigil-black-trans-femme-new-york-uk-healthcare/) . Pink News . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200911214216/https://www.pinknews.co.uk/2020/09/08/elie-che-death-tribute-london-vigil-black-trans-femme-new-york-uk-healthcare/) from the original on 11 September 2020 . Retrieved 22 November 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Garber, Nick (4 September 2020). "Transgender Harlem Woman Died From Accidental Drowning: Coroner" (https://patch.com/new-york/harlem/transgender-harlem-woman-died-accidental-drowning-coroner) . Harlem, NY Patch . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200915054202/https://patch.com/new-york/harlem/transgender-harlem-woman-died-accidental-drowning-coroner) from the original on 15 September 2020 . Retrieved 22 August 2021 . ^ a b Greene, David (6 September 2020). "Transgender Woman's Death Ruled Accidental Drowning at Orchard Beach" (https://www.norwoodnews.org/transgender-womans-death-ruled-accidental-drowning-at-orchard-beach/) . Norwood News . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200907002120/https://www.norwoodnews.org/transgender-womans-death-ruled-accidental-drowning-at-orchard-beach/) from the original on 7 September 2020 . Retrieved 22 November 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-National_Center_for_Transgender_Equality_2020_12-0) "Murders of Transgender People in 2020 Surpasses Total for Last Year In Just Seven Months" (https://transequality.org/blog/murders-of-transgender-people-in-2020-surpasses-total-for-last-year-in-just-seven-months) . National Center for Transgender Equality . 7 August 2020 . Retrieved 22 November 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Devaney, Susan (14 September 2020). "40 Galvanising Photos From The Trans Pride March In London" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/arts-and-lifestyle/gallery/london-trans-pride-march) . British Vogue . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200915193842/https://www.vogue.co.uk/arts-and-lifestyle/gallery/london-trans-pride-march) from the original on 15 September 2020 . Retrieved 15 December 2020 . External links [ edit ] Other Voices (video). BBC Arts. 29 September 2019. 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This article contains content that is written like an advertisement (/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_soapbox_or_means_of_promotion) . Please help improve it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tea_Rose&action=edit) by removing promotional content (/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam) and inappropriate external links (/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links#Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest) , and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) . ( September 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Tea Rose is an Australian fashion (/wiki/Fashion) label. Founded in 1981 by designer (/wiki/Fashion_design) Rosemary Armstrong, [1] (#cite_note-1) the company specializes in formal wear (/wiki/Formal_wear) . Tea Rose has been featured in Australian media such as Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) (including the 50th Anniversary Edition), [ citation needed ] In Style (/wiki/InStyle) Magazine, [2] (#cite_note-2) and Madison Magazine . Tea Rose participated in Australian Fashion Week (/wiki/Australian_Fashion_Week) in the early nineties. [3] (#cite_note-3) External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.tearose.com.au) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Style Collective - Tea Rose Bridal - An interview with wedding gown designer Rosemary Armstrong" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110313072012/http://www.stylecollective.com.au/bridalstyle.asp?idcontent=991) . web.archive.org . 13 March 2011 . Retrieved 30 April 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Polka (Dorothy), Ms (20 July 2009). "Tea Rose" (https://polkadotwedding.com/2009/07/tea-rose/) . Polka Dot Wedding . Retrieved 30 April 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Style Collective - Tea Rose Bridal - An interview with wedding gown designer Rosemary Armstrong" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110313072012/http://www.stylecollective.com.au/bridalstyle.asp?idcontent=991) . web.archive.org . 13 March 2011 . Retrieved 30 April 2024 . This biographical article related to fashion is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tea_Rose&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐lhctz Cached time: 20240715021302 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.264 seconds Real time usage: 0.356 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 663/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 16746/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1114/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 17575/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.189/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3877893/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 333.684 1 -total 33.22% 110.856 1 Template:Reflist 28.46% 94.954 3 Template:Cite_web 20.69% 69.025 1 Template:Fashion-bio-stub 20.07% 66.967 1 Template:Asbox 18.21% 60.762 1 Template:Advert 17.56% 58.590 1 Template:Ambox 9.76% 32.557 1 Template:Authority_control 9.39% 31.338 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates 6.46% 21.546 1 Template:Citation_needed Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:25454340-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715021302 and revision id 1223013058. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tea_Rose&oldid=1223013058 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tea_Rose&oldid=1223013058) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Australian fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Australian_fashion_designers) Fashion biography stubs (/wiki/Category:Fashion_biography_stubs) Hidden categories: Use dmy dates from June 2020 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_June_2020) Use Australian English from June 2020 (/wiki/Category:Use_Australian_English_from_June_2020) All Wikipedia articles written in Australian English (/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_Australian_English) Articles with a promotional tone from September 2010 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_a_promotional_tone_from_September_2010) All articles with a promotional tone (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_a_promotional_tone) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from June 2023 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_June_2023) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
Danish fashion designer Julie Fagerholt Born ( 1968-04-17 ) April 17, 1968 (age 56) Denmark (/wiki/Denmark) Nationality Danish Occupation Fashion designer Julie Fagerholt (born 17 April 1968) is a Danish fashion designer and founder of the luxury clothing brand Heartmade. She also creates haute couture (/wiki/Haute_couture) . Her customers include Queen Mary of Denmark (/wiki/Queen_Mary_of_Denmark) . [1] (#cite_note-cover-1) Biography [ edit ] Julie Fagerholt grew up in Skovshoved (/wiki/Skovshoved) north of Copenhagen (/wiki/Copenhagen) , the daughter of Ninja Tholstrup Bramsen, a child psychologist, and Nils Fagerholt, an architect and a professor at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts (/wiki/Royal_Danish_Academy_of_Fine_Arts) . [2] (#cite_note-2) She completed her education at the Danish Design School (/wiki/Danmarks_Designskole) in 1993. In 1998, she set up her company Heartmade in a courtyard on Pilestræde (/wiki/Pilestr%C3%A6de) in Copenhagen. Originally focusing on haute couture , the brand has mainly produced prét-à-porter collections since 2000. [3] (#cite_note-3) In 2000, her first collection won The Golden Button , [4] (#cite_note-danishfashioninstitute.dk-4) a Danish fashion award. [5] (#cite_note-5) Her company has a flagship store at Pilestræde 45 in Copenhagen. Fagerholt ascribes some of her success to designing the kind of clothes she thinks she needs for herself, but she is also inspired by ethnic clothing, for example from India. [1] (#cite_note-cover-1) References [ edit ] ^ a b "Chit-chat: Julie Fagerholt" (http://cover.dk/blog/chit-chat-julie-fagerholt/) . Cover (in Danish) . Retrieved 2 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Prinsessen fra Pilestræde" (http://www.b.dk/kultur/prinsessen-i-pilestraede) (in Danish). Berlingske. 27 March 2004 . Retrieved 29 January 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Heartmade" (http://www.visitcopenhagen.dk/da/copenhagen/heartmade-gdk808018) (in Danish). Visit Denmark . Retrieved 29 January 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-danishfashioninstitute.dk_4-0) "Julie Fagerholt Heartmade" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151009212144/http://www.danishfashioninstitute.dk/en/node/822) . Danish Fashion Institute. Archived from the original (http://danishfashioninstitute.dk/en/node/822) on 9 October 2015 . Retrieved 4 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Julie Fagerholt Heartmade exhibits at CIFF" (http://ciff.dk/news-julie-fagerholt-heartmade-exhibits-at-ciff.html) . Copenhagen International Fashion Fair . Retrieved 3 March 2015 . External links [ edit ] Heartmade (http://www.heartmade.dk/) This biographical article related to fashion is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Julie_Fagerholt&action=edit) . v t e This Danish biographical article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Jacqueline Kennedy: The White House Years was a 2001 exhibition that was presented by the Costume Institute (/wiki/Costume_Institute) at the Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) . The event was timed to mark the 40th anniversary of her "emergence as America’s first lady." [1] (#cite_note-1) Organized by The Metropolitan Museum of Art and the John F. Kennedy Library and Museum, the exhibition was devoted to exploring the former First Lady's iconic style and impact on the fashion world. The exhibition included 80 original costumes and accessories that belonged to Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis that were donated to the JFK Library after she left the White House. [2] (#cite_note-2) The exhibition ran from May 1, 2001 to July 29, 2001 [3] (#cite_note-3) at The Met and was later displayed at the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum (/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Presidential_Library_and_Museum) from September 15, 2001 to February 28, 2002 with additional photographs, film, and objects that were associated with Jacqueline Kennedy. [4] (#cite_note-4) Background [ edit ] "Jacqueline Kennedy is one of history's great style icons," Hamish Bowles (/wiki/Hamish_Bowles) , the executive European editor-at-large of Vogue , and a creative consultant for the exhibition said in 2000 when the show was announced. [5] (#cite_note-5) "Her profound influence on the way an entire generation wanted to look, dress, and behave cannot be overestimated." Among the 80 costumes that made up the exhibition, there were many outfits designed by fashion superstars like Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) , Oleg Cassini (/wiki/Oleg_Cassini) , Dior (/wiki/Dior) , Hubert de Givenchy (/wiki/Hubert_de_Givenchy) , Bergdorf Goodman (/wiki/Bergdorf_Goodman) , Halston (/wiki/Halston) , and Gustave Tassell (/wiki/Gustave_Tassell) . [6] (#cite_note-6) In a 2001 piece in the New York Times, Caroline Kennedy is quoted saying her mother "will always grace the history she helped to make." In a speech at the exhibition's opening reception, Caroline Kennedy also stressed her mother's work in transforming the White House into a place where American culture and art were centered. [7] (#cite_note-:0-7) The costumes displayed were all worn by Jacqueline Kennedy during state events and were presented alongside historical documented and artifacts related to the former first lady's work on White House preservation, her support of the arts and her work as a traveling ambassador for the United States. The former first lady's work to redecorate the White House was integral to making 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue a place that embraced American art and culture. [8] (#cite_note-8) The exhibition featured clothing worn by Jacqueline Kennedy on the campaign trail, from the White House itself, and on state visits around the world. Bowles also reflected on how Jacqueline Kennedy's style reflected a changing America during the exhibition's opening gala, "It's that exciting synthesis of complete 1950s propriety and conformity with 1960s modernity — it was a fashion cusp," he said. "By the early '60s, Jackie had very much discovered her fashion identity." During the Kennedy administration, Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy played a significant role in repairing the White House, supporting the arts, encouraging historic preservation, and serving as a visiting ambassador. Notable Pieces [ edit ] Among the costumes included in the exhibition were several memorable [7] (#cite_note-:0-7) outfits [9] (#cite_note-:1-9) worn by Jacqueline Kennedy. Several journalists covering the exhibition noted that visitors may have been surprised at the amount of color in the former first lady's wardrobe, given that she was photographed with black and white film most of the time. "She often used elements of her destination to inspire her wardrobe," noted the Washington Post's Robin Givhan. [9] (#cite_note-:1-9) "For those of us who grew up in that era watching black and white television, you're just blown away walking into the exhibit, seeing the incredibly brilliant colors in her clothing," said Ted McNaught of the Kennedy Library and Museum.in 2002. [10] (#cite_note-:2-10) Historic outfits/ objects that were part of the exhibition included: The fawn coat and pillbox hat worn by Mrs. Kennedy to the January 20, 1961 inauguration (/wiki/Inauguration_of_John_F._Kennedy) by Oleg Cassini (/wiki/Oleg_Cassini) The red dress worn during the televised tour of the White House (/wiki/A_Tour_of_the_White_House_with_Mrs._John_F._Kennedy) in 1962 by Chez Ninon The imperial dress and opera coat worn to Charles de Gaulle (/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle) 's state dinner at Versailles (/wiki/Palace_of_Versailles) in 1961. A pink Givenchy gown worn at a state dinner in 1963 The regal Ivory satin gown worn to the pre-Inaugural Gala A large group of formal evening clothes worn at the White House for state dinners, political entertaining, and cultural events. Documents and objects associated with Mrs. Kennedy's work on White House restoration, historic preservation Tour [ edit ] In addition to being displayed at the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum (/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Presidential_Library_and_Museum) , the exhibition was also displayed in Washington D.C., Paris and Chicago. [10] (#cite_note-:2-10) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Jacqueline Kennedy Exhibit set to open in the Museum at the JFK Presidential Library | JFK Library" (https://www.jfklibrary.org/about-us/news-and-press/press-releases/jacqueline-kennedy-exhibit-set-to-open-in-the-museum-at-the-jfk-presidential-library) . www.jfklibrary.org . Retrieved 2019-09-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Met Museum. "Jacqueline Kennedy: The White House Years" (https://www.metmuseum.org/press/exhibitions/2000/jacqueline-kennedy-the-white-house-years) . www.metmuseum.org . Retrieved 2019-09-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "b1834432_033" (https://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16028coll1/id/22497/rec/3) . libmma.contentdm.oclc.org . Retrieved 2019-09-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Jacqueline Kennedy: The White House Years | JFK Library" (https://www.jfklibrary.org/visit-museum/exhibits/past-exhibits/jacqueline-kennedy-the-white-house-years) . www.jfklibrary.org . Retrieved 2023-11-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Met Museum. "Jacqueline Kennedy: The White House Years" (https://www.metmuseum.org/press/exhibitions/2000/jacqueline-kennedy-the-white-house-years) . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Met Museum. "Jacqueline Kennedy: The White House Years" (https://www.metmuseum.org/art/metpublications/jacqueline_kennedy_the_white_house_years) . ^ Jump up to: a b Menkes, Suzy; Tribune, International Herald (2001-04-25). "Jacqueline Kennedy and the Clothes of Camelot" (https://www.nytimes.com/2001/04/25/style/IHT-jacqueline-kennedy-and-the-clothes-of-camelot.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2019-09-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Menkes (24 April 2001). "The New York Times" (https://www.nytimes.com/2001/04/24/nyregion/negotiating-among-the-powerful-at-a-gala-that-recalls-camelot.html) . ^ Jump up to: a b Givhan. "A First Lady's Lasting Look" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/2001/04/25/a-first-ladys-lasting-look/ff32f6d9-2b69-45c1-8474-36dea735aa5d/) . ^ Jump up to: a b Mullen, William (12 November 2004). "Field Museum is banking on Jackie" (https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2004-11-12-0411120352-story.html) . chicagotribune.com . 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Italian clothing trade show Milan Fashion Week A moment of the Milan Fashion Week in February 2010 Genre Clothing and fashion exhibitions Frequency Semi-annually Location(s) Milan (/wiki/Milan) , Italy (/wiki/Italy) Inaugurated 1958 Organised by National Chamber of Italian Fashion (/wiki/National_Chamber_of_Italian_Fashion) People Maria Antonelli (/wiki/Maria_Antonelli_(fashion_designer)) , Roberto Capucci (/wiki/Roberto_Capucci) , Princess Caracciolo Ginnetti, Alberto Fagiani, Giovanni Cesare Guidi, Germana Marucelli (/wiki/Germana_Marucelli) , Emilio Federico Schuberth, Simonetta Colonna Di Cesarò, Jole Veneziani (/wiki/Jole_Veneziani) , Francesco Borrello, Giovanni Battista Giorgini (/wiki/Giovanni_Battista_Giorgini) , Pietro Parisio. Website www (http://www.cameramoda.it/en/) .cameramoda (http://www.cameramoda.it/en/) .it (http://www.cameramoda.it/en/) /en (http://www.cameramoda.it/en/) / (http://www.cameramoda.it/en/) Milan Fashion Week ( Italian (/wiki/Italian_language) : Settimana della moda di Milano ) is a clothing trade show (/wiki/Trade_show) held semi-annually in Milan (/wiki/Milan) , Italy (/wiki/Italy) . Upcoming autumn/winter fashions are showcased in February/March of each year, and upcoming spring/summer fashions are showcased in September/October of each year. Many designers showcase new designs and upcoming collections. Milan Fashion Week is one of the "Big Five" global fashion weeks (/wiki/Fashion_week) alongside New York (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) , Paris (/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week) , London (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) , and Tokyo (/wiki/Tokyo_Fashion_Week) . [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-RCA-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) History and operations [ edit ] Milan Fashion Week, established in 1958, is part of the global "Big Four fashion weeks (/wiki/Fashion_week) ", the others being Paris Fashion Week (/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week) , London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) , and New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) . [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) The schedule begins with New York, followed by London, and then Milan, and ending with Paris. Since the year 1958, Milan Fashion Week has been taking place semi-annually with a women's and a men’s fashion week. [6] (#cite_note-6) Milan Fashion Week is partially organized by the National Chamber of Italian Fashion (/wiki/National_Chamber_of_Italian_Fashion) ( Camera Nazionale della Moda Italiana ), a non-profit association (/wiki/Non-profit_association) that disciplines, co-ordinates, and promotes the development of Italian fashion [7] (#cite_note-Giorgio_Armani_Joins_Italian_Chamber_of_Fashion-7) and is responsible for hosting the fashion events and shows of Milan. The Camera Sindacale della Moda Italiana , was set up on 11 June 1958. This was the forerunner of the body which subsequently became the Camera Nazionale della Moda Italiana . Proprietors of the most important establishments in Italy, including some private establishments, which, in those days, played a crucial role in the promotion of this sector, were present at the Memorandum of Association: Roberto Capucci (/wiki/Roberto_Capucci) , Emilio Schuberth (/wiki/Emilio_Schuberth) , Maria Antonelli, Princess Caracciolo Ginnetti, Alberto Fagiani, Giovanni Cesare Guidi, Germana Marucelli (/wiki/Germana_Marucelli) , Simonetta Colonna Di Cesarò, Jole Veneziani (/wiki/Jole_Veneziani) , Francesco Borrello, Giovanni Battista Giorgini, and the lawyer Pietro Parisio. The events dedicated to women's fashion are the most important (Womenswear / Milan SS Women Ready to Wear, and Milano Moda Donna being the major fashion shows). The summer events dedicated to men include Menswear and Milano Moda Uomo. In 2013, the Autumn/Winter Milan Fashion Week commenced on January 20 with Paola Frani's showcase. It was followed by presentations from renowned fashion houses including Armani (/wiki/Armani) , Bottega Veneta (/wiki/Bottega_Veneta) , Roberto Cavalli (/wiki/Roberto_Cavalli) , Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) , Etro (/wiki/Etro) , Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) , Ferragamo (/wiki/Ferragamo) , Gucci (/wiki/Gucci) , Jil Sander (/wiki/Jil_Sander) , Marni (/wiki/Marni_(clothing)) , Max Mara (/wiki/Max_Mara) , Missoni (/wiki/Missoni) , Miu Miu (/wiki/Miu_Miu) , Moschino (/wiki/Moschino) , Philipp Plein (/wiki/Philipp_Plein) , Prada (/wiki/Prada) , Pucci (/wiki/Emilio_Pucci) , John Richmond (/wiki/John_Richmond_(fashion_designer)) , Tod's (/wiki/Tod%27s) , Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_designer)) , Versace (/wiki/Versace) and Zegna (/wiki/Zegna) among others. The event also featured displays from emerging labels and young designers such as Au Jour Le Jour, Cristiano Burani, Gabriele Colangelo, Marco De Vincenzo, Stella Jean, Chicca Lualdi, MSGM, N°21, Fausto Puglisi, and Francesco Scognamiglio (/wiki/Francesco_Scognamiglio) . Additionally, on November 20, 2013, Giorgio Armani made the announcement of his decision to join the Italian Chamber of Fashion. [7] (#cite_note-Giorgio_Armani_Joins_Italian_Chamber_of_Fashion-7) In April 2015, Carlo Capasa (/wiki/Carlo_Capasa) was named president of the Camera Nazionale Della Moda Italiana succeeding former president Mario Boselli. [8] (#cite_note-8) Certain shows are not held in conjunction with the Camera Nazionale Della Moda Italiana, including Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) . The Camera Nazionale Della Moda Italiana has also been sharply criticized by designers such as Cavalli (/wiki/Roberto_Cavalli) . [9] (#cite_note-9) 2020–2022: Milano Digital Fashion Weeks [ edit ] Due to the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) , the 2020 edition took place only through digital media (/wiki/Digital_media) from 14 July to 17 July 2020. [10] (#cite_note-10) In 2022, Gucci (/wiki/Gucci) made a debut at Milan Fashion Week, finding 68 pairs of twins to showcase their design. [11] (#cite_note-11) Locations [ edit ] Milan Fashion Week includes more than 40 shows each season and transforms the city into a touristic hub by simply creating various venues for the shows selecting the most elegant and influential palaces to become the stage for design. Examples of locations are Palazzo Reale (/wiki/Palazzo_Reale) , Palazzo Serbelloni (/wiki/Palazzo_Serbelloni) , and many others. Sustainability controversy [ edit ] Further information: Sustainable fashion (/wiki/Sustainable_fashion) In 2014 Greenpeace (/wiki/Greenpeace) protested to demand "toxic-free fashion" by hanging signs in the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II (/wiki/Galleria_Vittorio_Emanuele_II) . [12] (#cite_note-Greenpeace_Activists_Protest_at_Milan_Fashion_Week-12) Chiara Campione of Greenpeace Italy said the demonstration was set up to "...ask Italian brands, especially Versace (/wiki/Versace) , because it has the highest level of hazardous chemicals in its products, to publicly commit to eliminate harmful substances from the various stages of production." Key revenues [ edit ] In 2021, the following revenue was reported for Milan Fashion Week. Attendees / Visitors: 30,000 Total Income: €64 million City Income: €15.5 million Business Income: €48.5 million Venue Income: €7 million Restaurant Income: €22 million Retail Income: €26 million Accommodation Income: €9 million Average Expenditure per Visitor: €1,902 [13] (#cite_note-13) See also [ edit ] Berlin Fashion Week (/wiki/Berlin_Fashion_Week) London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) Paris Fashion Week (/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week) Shanghai Fashion Week (/wiki/Shanghai_Fashion_Week) São Paulo Fashion Week (/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Fashion_Week) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Santosa, Olly G. "5 of the Most Famous Fashion Events in the World" (https://www.tatlerasia.com/style/fashion/5-of-the-most-famous-fashion-events-in-the-world) . Tatler Asia (in Indonesian). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231230074115/https://www.tatlerasia.com/style/fashion/5-of-the-most-famous-fashion-events-in-the-world) from the original on 30 December 2023 . Retrieved 30 December 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-RCA_2-0) "Fashioning the City: Exploring Fashion Cultures, Structures and Systems" (http://fashioningthecity.wordpress.com/call-for-papers/) . Royal College of Art. 27 January 2012. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140503075630/http://fashioningthecity.wordpress.com/call-for-papers/) from the original on 3 May 2014 . Retrieved 2 May 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Fashion Week: le quattro settimane della moda nel mondo" (https://www.lifeandpeople.it/2017/08/03/fashion-week-nel-mondo/) (in Italian). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230208231254/https://www.lifeandpeople.it/2017/08/03/fashion-week-nel-mondo/) from the original on 8 February 2023 . Retrieved 28 December 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Bradford, Julie (2014). Fashion Journalism . Routledge. p. 129. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Dillon, Susan (2011). The Fundamentals of Fashion Management . A&C Black. p. 115. ^ (#cite_ref-6) Abrams, Squirrel. "History and Facts About Milan Fashion Week | Fashion Week Online®" (https://fashionweekonline.com/history-facts-milan-fashion-week) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220626080803/https://fashionweekonline.com/history-facts-milan-fashion-week) from the original on 26 June 2022 . Retrieved 15 April 2022 . ^ a b Zargani, Luisa (20 November 2013). "Giorgio Armani Joins Italian Chamber of Fashion" (http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/giorgio-armani-to-join-italian-chamber-of-fashion-7284417?src=n/newsAlert/20131120-4) . WWD. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240226220138/https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/giorgio-armani-to-join-italian-chamber-of-fashion-7284417/) from the original on 26 February 2024 . Retrieved 20 November 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Carlo Capasa Named President Of The Camera Nazionale Della Moda Italiana" (http://www.fashiontimes.com/articles/19958/20150410/carlo-capasa-named-president-camera-nazionale-della-moda-italiana.htm) . Fashion Times . 10 April 2015. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160409024041/http://www.fashiontimes.com/articles/19958/20150410/carlo-capasa-named-president-camera-nazionale-della-moda-italiana.htm) from the original on 9 April 2016 . Retrieved 28 March 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Turra, Alessandra. "Roberto Cavalli Lashes Out at Camera Nazionale della Moda" (http://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/cavalli-kvetches-6287662/) . WWD . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160402014929/http://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/cavalli-kvetches-6287662/) from the original on 2 April 2016 . Retrieved 28 March 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Milano Fashion Week: la prima edizione digitale a luglio 2020" (https://www.vogue.it/moda/article/milano-fashion-week-digitale-luglio-2020) . vogue.it . .vogue.it. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200718032723/https://www.vogue.it/moda/article/milano-fashion-week-digitale-luglio-2020) from the original on 18 July 2020 . Retrieved 18 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Seeing Double: Gucci Sent 68 Sets Of Identical Twins Down Its SS23 Runway" (https://graziamagazine.com/articles/gucci-ss23/) . Grazia . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231231074506/https://graziamagazine.com/articles/gucci-ss23/) from the original on 31 December 2023 . Retrieved 31 December 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-Greenpeace_Activists_Protest_at_Milan_Fashion_Week_12-0) Bani, Alessia (20 February 2014). "Greenpeace Activists Protest at Milan Fashion Week" (http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/greenpeace-protests-7487320?src=nl/mornReport/20140220) . WWD. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140320140900/http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/greenpeace-protests-7487320?src=nl/mornReport/20140220) from the original on 20 March 2014 . Retrieved 20 February 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Hendriksz, V. (2021, March 9). Money-makers: What Milan earns from Milan Fashion Week. FashionUnited. Retrieved April 2022, from https://fashionunited.uk/news/fashion/money-makers-what-milan-earns-from-milan-fashion-week/2017022223620 (https://fashionunited.uk/news/fashion/money-makers-what-milan-earns-from-milan-fashion-week/2017022223620) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220627082751/https://fashionunited.uk/news/fashion/money-makers-what-milan-earns-from-milan-fashion-week/2017022223620) 27 June 2022 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Milan Fashion Week (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Milan_Fashion_Week) . 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Brazilian company Grendene Company type Sociedade Anônima (/wiki/S.A._(corporation)) Traded as (/wiki/Ticker_symbol) B3 (/wiki/B3_(stock_exchange)) : GRND3 (https://www.b3.com.br/en_us/market-data-and-indices/data-services/market-data/quotes/?tvwidgetsymbol=BMFBOVESPA%3AGRND3) Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion_industry) Founded 1971 ; 53 years ago ( 1971 ) Founders Alexandre Grendene Bartelle (/wiki/Alexandre_Grendene_Bartelle) Pedro Grendene Bartelle Headquarters Sobral, Ceará (/wiki/Sobral,_Cear%C3%A1) , Brazil Key people Rudimar Dall'Onder ( CEO (/wiki/CEO) ) Products Sandals (/wiki/Sandal) Brands Melissa Grendha Zaxy Rider Cartago Ipanema Pega Forte Grendene Kids Zizou Number of employees 20,000 (2018) Website grendene (http://grendene.com.br) .com (http://grendene.com.br) .br (http://grendene.com.br) Grendene is a Brazilian company that is the world's largest manufacturer of sandals (/wiki/Sandals) . It was founded by Alexandre Grendene Bartelle (/wiki/Alexandre_Grendene_Bartelle) and his twin brother Pedro Grendene Bartelle. [1] (#cite_note-1) History [ edit ] In 1971, the Bartelle brothers, Alexandre and Pedro, began to create plastic basket holders for wine that was produced in the mountains of Rio Grande do Sul (/wiki/Rio_Grande_do_Sul) . 5 years later, the company began producing plastic parts for farm machinery, eventually evolving to producing soles and heels for shoes. In 1979, Grendene produced their first sandal, the Melissa Aranha, after Pedro noticed the strip-sandals of fishermen from the French Riviera (/wiki/French_Riviera) . A year later, the first Grendene plant specifically made for shoe mold manufacturing was opened in Carlos Barbosa (/wiki/Carlos_Barbosa) . The company would go on to form partnerships with designers like Jean-Paul Gaultier (/wiki/Jean-Paul_Gaultier) and Thierry Mugler (/wiki/Thierry_Mugler) . In 1984, the company started producing shoes for kids and 1986 saw the first men's shoe released. In 1990, the first Grendle shoe manufacturing plant was built in Fortaleza (/wiki/Fortaleza) , with a second one opening in 1993 in Sobral (/wiki/Sobral,_Cear%C3%A1) , and a third in 1997 in Crato (/wiki/Crato,_Cear%C3%A1) . Grendene would start creating new brands, with the Grendha line in 1994, the Melissa line in 1996. 2002 saw the shoe take stage at Sao Paulo Fashion Week (/wiki/Sao_Paulo_Fashion_Week) , and partner with models like Gisele Bündchen (/wiki/Gisele_B%C3%BCndchen) , along with becoming the number 1 shoe manufacturer within Brazil, by number of pairs. On October 29, 2004, Grendene began trading shares on the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange (/wiki/Sao_Paulo_Stock_Exchange) . A new plant was open in Teixeira de Freitas (/wiki/Teixeira_de_Freitas) in 2007. Grendene partnered with Vivienne Westwood (/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood) and Zaha Hadid (/wiki/Zaha_Hadid) in 2008, as well as the launch of the Zaxy brand. More brands were created in 2009, with the launch of Cartago, the first line targeted to men. 2009 also marked the first time the company produced 150 million pairs of shoes. Today, Grendene has stores throughout the world, in London (/wiki/London) , New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) , Rio de Janeiro (/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro) , and Milan (/wiki/Milan) . The company also partners with brands such as Mattel (/wiki/Mattel) and Cartoon Network (/wiki/Cartoon_Network) . [2] (#cite_note-2) In 2018, Grendene sold 173 million pairs of shoes and had 11 manufacturing plants, all located in Brazil. [3] (#cite_note-3) The retail outpost's for the Grendene brand "Melissa" are known for their high concept designs by the Brazilian architect and artist Muti Randolph (/wiki/Muti_Randolph) . [4] (#cite_note-4) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Alexandre Grendene Bartelle" (https://www.forbes.com/profile/alexandre-grendene-bartelle/) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Historical" (http://ri.grendene.com.br/EN/Company/Historical) . grendene.com.br . Retrieved 26 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Fact Sheet" (http://static.grendene.aatb.com.br/factsheet/1506_1Q19%20-%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf) (PDF) . grendene.aatb.com . Retrieved 26 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Muti Randolph Creates an Immersive Experience for SoHo Shoe Emporium Galeria Melissa" (http://www.interiordesign.net/projects/13754-muti-randolph-creates-an-immersive-experience-for-soho-shoe-emporium-galeria-melissa/) . This Brazilian corporation or company article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Filipino model and beauty pageant titleholder (born 1995) In this Philippine name (/wiki/Filipino_name) , the middle name (/wiki/Middle_name) or maternal family name (/wiki/Surname) is Acopiado and the surname or paternal family name is Ganados . Gazini Ganados Ganados in 2019 Born Gazini Christiana Jordi Acopiado Ganados ( 1995-12-26 ) December 26, 1995 (age 28) Dapitan (/wiki/Dapitan) , Zamboanga del Norte (/wiki/Zamboanga_del_Norte) , Philippines Education University of San Jose–Recoletos (/wiki/University_of_San_Jose%E2%80%93Recoletos) ( Degree in Tourism Management (/wiki/International_Tourism_Management) , Certificate in Health Care Services NCII (/wiki/Health_care) ) Occupations Philanthropist (/wiki/Philanthropy) model (/wiki/Model_(person)) Height 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) Beauty pageant (/wiki/Beauty_pageant) titleholder Title Miss Universe Philippines 2019 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2019) Hair color Black Eye color Brown Major competition(s) Miss World Philippines 2014 (/wiki/Miss_World_Philippines_2014) (Top 13) Binibining Pilipinas 2019 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2019) (Winner – Miss Universe Philippines 2019) (Best in Evening Gown) (Miss Photogenic) Miss Universe 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2019) (Top 20) (Best National Costume) Gazini Christiana Jordi Acopiado Ganados [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) ( Tagalog: [gaˈsinɪ (/wiki/Help:IPA/Tagalog) gaˈnɐdɔs] (/wiki/Help:IPA/Tagalog) ; born December 26, 1995) is a Filipino model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Universe Philippines 2019 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2019) . [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) She represented the Philippines at the Miss Universe 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2019) pageant and finished as a Top 20 semifinalist along with the Best National Costume award. [5] (#cite_note-:0-5) [6] (#cite_note-:3-6) Early life and education [ edit ] Gazini Christiana Jordi Acopiado Ganados was born in Dapitan (/wiki/Dapitan) , Zamboanga del Norte (/wiki/Zamboanga_del_Norte) , Philippines to a domestic partnership (/wiki/Domestic_partnership) between her Palestinian father and Filipino mother who later separated. Ganados was raised by her maternal grandparents. [7] (#cite_note-auto-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) Ganados and her family moved and have resided in the city of Talisay, Cebu (/wiki/Talisay,_Cebu) since she was in sixth grade. [9] (#cite_note-9) She holds a degree in Tourism Management (/wiki/International_Tourism_Management) and a certificate in Health Care Services NCII (/wiki/Health_care) both from the University of San Jose–Recoletos (/wiki/University_of_San_Jose%E2%80%93Recoletos) in Cebu City (/wiki/Cebu_City) . [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-auto1-11) Pageantry [ edit ] Miss World Philippines 2014 [ edit ] Main article: Miss World Philippines 2014 (/wiki/Miss_World_Philippines_2014) Ganados joined Miss World Philippines 2014 (/wiki/Miss_World_Philippines_2014) and placed in the Top 13. [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) Valerie Weigmann (/wiki/Valerie_Weigmann) won the said pageant. [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) Binibining Pilipinas 2019 [ edit ] Main article: Binibining Pilipinas 2019 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2019) On June 9, 2019, she competed in Binibining Pilipinas 2019 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2019) representing Talisay, Cebu (/wiki/Talisay,_Cebu) and won the title of Miss Universe Philippines 2019 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas) . [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) Ganados is the second Cebuana (/wiki/Cebuano_people) to win the Binibining Pilipinas Universe (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas) title, after Pilar Pilapil (/wiki/Pilar_Pilapil) who won in 1967 (/wiki/List_of_Binibining_Pilipinas_titleholders) . During the national costume competition, she wore an ensemble inspired by Queen Juana (/wiki/List_of_ancient_Philippine_consorts) ( queen consort (/wiki/Queen_consort) of Rajah Humabon (/wiki/Rajah_Humabon) ) of the ancient Rajahnate of Cebu (/wiki/Rajahnate_of_Cebu) , and the whole representation of the festivities and meaning of the Sinulog Festival (/wiki/Sinulog) in the whole island of Cebu (/wiki/Cebu) . [16] (#cite_note-16) In honor of her Middle Eastern roots, she chose to perform a belly dance presentation during the talent competition. [7] (#cite_note-auto-7) As she is very close to her grandparents, her main advocacy is elderly care (/wiki/Elderly_care) . Ganados was crowned by outgoing Miss Universe Philippines 2018 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2018) and Miss Universe 2018 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2018) , Catriona Gray (/wiki/Catriona_Gray) . [17] (#cite_note-17) Ganados won the following special awards: Best in Long Gown Face of Binibini (Miss Photogenic) During the question and answer portion of the national pageant, she was asked: "If you win the crown tonight, what can you do to get more women in the workplace?" She replied: [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) "If I win the crown tonight, what I will do is to promote my advocacy. My advocacy is for us women to fight for our rights and for elderly care and for us to be able to know that someone is loving and someone is pushing us to whatever ambitions that we have. We will be able to rise from our decisions to whatever dreams that we have, goals that we have, and we will achieve it because of those values, those wisdoms that they gave us." On October 25, 2020, Ganados crowned Rabiya Mateo (/wiki/Rabiya_Mateo) as her successor at the Miss Universe Philippines 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_Philippines_2020) pageant held at Cordillera Convention Hall, Baguio Country Club in Baguio (/wiki/Baguio) , Benguet (/wiki/Benguet) . [20] (#cite_note-20) [21] (#cite_note-21) Miss Universe 2019 [ edit ] Main article: Miss Universe 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2019) As Miss Universe Philippines 2019 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2019) , Ganados represented the Philippines at the Miss Universe 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2019) pageant on December 8, 2019, at the Tyler Perry Studios (/wiki/Tyler_Perry_Studios) in Atlanta (/wiki/Atlanta) , Georgia (/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)) , United States. [22] (#cite_note-22) At the national costume competition, Ganados wore a Philippine eagle (/wiki/Philippine_eagle) -inspired ensemble with two life-sized birds on each shoulder. The creation was hand-stitched with laser-cut patterns. [23] (#cite_note-23) [24] (#cite_note-24) [25] (#cite_note-25) At the preliminary competition, Ganados introduced herself and her country wearing a lavender halter-neck gown designed by Sherri Hill (/wiki/Sherri_Hill) . [26] (#cite_note-:4-26) She debuted her 'phoenix' walk wearing a black tropical-print bikini with a bright yellow cape at the preliminary swimsuit competition. [26] (#cite_note-:4-26) [27] (#cite_note-27) She wore a golden gilded gown designed by the Cebu-based couturier, Cary Santiago at the preliminary evening gown competition. [5] (#cite_note-:0-5) It was a reminiscent of the pink gown she wore when she won the Miss Universe Philippines 2019 title at the Binibining Pilipinas 2019 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2019) pageant. [28] (#cite_note-28) At the coronation night, she advanced to the Top 20 as one of the wildcards. [29] (#cite_note-29) [30] (#cite_note-30) At the opening statement segment, she expressed: [31] (#cite_note-:5-31) [32] (#cite_note-:6-32) "The world is aging, and my grandparents raised me. I worked in an organization that was supporting elderly care. I learned... I realized that there's this stigma between ageism, poverty, exclusivity, and invincibility. It is rightful for us to remember that they were the ones who paved the way for us. We should reciprocrate that love, and no one should be ever left behind. Thank you." [31] (#cite_note-:5-31) [32] (#cite_note-:6-32) Ganados concluded her Miss Universe journey by finishing as a Top 20 semifinalist along with the Best in National Costume award. [6] (#cite_note-:3-6) [33] (#cite_note-33) Zozibini Tunzi (/wiki/Zozibini_Tunzi) of South Africa won the said pageant. [34] (#cite_note-34) [35] (#cite_note-35) See also [ edit ] Binibining Pilipinas (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas) Binibining Pilipinas 2019 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2019) Bea Magtanong (/wiki/Bea_Magtanong) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Tomada, Nathalie (July 28, 2019). "Why Gazini is taking up cudgels for the elderly" (https://www.philstar.com/entertainment/2019/07/28/1938390/why-gazini-taking-cudgels-elderly) . Philstar . Retrieved September 10, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Custodio, Arlo (November 10, 2019). "PH's best bet for back-to-back Miss Universe win" (https://www.manilatimes.net/2019/11/10/the-sunday-times/cover-story/phs-best-bet-for-back-to-back-miss-universe-win/654742) . The Manila Times . Retrieved September 10, 2021 . ^ a b "Binibining Pilipinas 2019 coronation night" (https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/pageants/photos-coronation-night-2019) . Rappler . June 10, 2019 . Retrieved July 10, 2021 . ^ a b Mendez Legaspi, C. (June 10, 2019). "LIST: Binibining Pilipinas 2019 winners, top 25, special awards, highlights" (https://www.philstar.com/entertainment/2019/06/10/1925178/list-binibining-pilipinas-2019-winners-top-25-special-awards-highlights) . Philstar . Retrieved July 10, 2021 . ^ a b "Gazini Ganados sets the stage on fire in Miss Universe preliminary competition" (https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1835299/Cebu/Entertainment/Gazini-Ganados-sets-the-stage-on-fire-in-Miss-Universe-preliminary-competition) . SunStar Philippines . December 7, 2019 . Retrieved August 25, 2021 . ^ a b "PH bet Gazini Ganados wins Miss Universe national costume award" (https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/pageants/gazini-ganados-wins-national-costume-award-2019) . Rappler . Retrieved July 10, 2021 . ^ a b Prideaux, Sophie (June 10, 2019). "Meet Gazini Ganados: the beauty queen crowned Miss Philippines 2019" (https://www.thenational.ae/lifestyle/meet-gazini-ganados-the-half-palestinian-beauty-queen-crowned-miss-philippines-2019-1.872689) . The National (Abu Dhabi) (/wiki/The_National_(Abu_Dhabi)) . Retrieved June 10, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Atyani, Baker (August 7, 2019). "Philippine beauty queen dreams of Palestine" (https://www.arabnews.com/node/1537071/lifestyle) . Arab News . Retrieved September 11, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Delos Reyes, Sara (June 10, 2019). "11 Things To Know About Gazini Ganados, Miss Universe Philippines 2019!" (https://metro.style/people/celebrities/gazini-ganados-is-miss-universe-philippines-2019/12999) . Metro Style . Retrieved September 10, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Bartolome, Jessica (June 10, 2019). "Gazini Ganados of Talisay, Cebu is Miss Universe Philippines 2019" (https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/artandculture/697141/gazini-ganados-of-talisay-cebu-is-miss-universe-philippines-2019/story/) . GMA News Online . Retrieved June 9, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-auto1_11-0) "Miss Universe Home" (https://www.missuniverse.com/contestant/1000732) . Miss Universe . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191105054058/https://www.missuniverse.com/contestant/1000732) from the original on November 5, 2019 . Retrieved November 2, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Francisco, Drew (October 7, 2014). "Full rundown: Miss World Philippines 2014 candidates" (https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/pageants/miss-world-philippines-2014-rundown-candidates) . Rappler . Retrieved September 10, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "FULL LIST: Winners, Miss World Philippines 2014" (https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/pageants/full-list-winners-miss-world-philippines-2014-coronation-night) . Rappler . October 14, 2014 . Retrieved September 10, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Valerie Weigmann wins Miss World Philippines 2014" (https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/pageants/miss-world-philippines-2014-winner-valerie-weigmann) . Rappler . October 13, 2014 . Retrieved September 11, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Smith, Chuck (October 13, 2014). "Valerie Weigmann crowned Miss World Philippines 2014" (https://www.philstar.com/entertainment/2014/10/13/1379700/valerie-weigmann-crowned-miss-world-philippines-2014) . Philstar . Retrieved September 11, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Padayhag, Michelle Joy (May 9, 2019). "Cebuana bets showcase national costumes for Bb. Pilipinas 2019" (https://cebudailynews.inquirer.net/233023/cebuana-bets-showcase-national-costumes-for-bb-pilipinas-2019) . INQUIRER.net . Retrieved September 10, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Cebu's Gazini Ganados to represent PH in Miss Universe 2019" (https://news.abs-cbn.com/life/06/10/19/cebus-gazini-ganados-to-represent-ph-in-miss-universe-2019) . ABS-CBN News . June 10, 2019 . Retrieved September 10, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "TRANSCRIPT: Binibining Pilipinas 2019 Q and A segment" (https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/pageants/transcript-question-answer-segment-pageant-2019) . Rappler . Retrieved July 10, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Severo, Jan Milo (June 10, 2019). "FULL TEXT: Binibining Pilipinas 2019 Top 15 finalists' Q&A" (https://www.philstar.com/entertainment/2019/06/10/1925273/full-text-binibining-pilipinas-2019-top-15-finalists-qa) . Philstar . Retrieved July 10, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Reyes, Shiela (October 25, 2020). "Rabiya Mateo from Iloilo City is new Miss Universe Philippines" (https://news.abs-cbn.com/life/10/25/20/rabiya-mateo-from-iloilo-city-is-new-miss-universe-philippines) . ABS-CBN News . Retrieved July 10, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Requintina, Robert; Yap, Tara (October 25, 2020). "Iloilo beauty crowned Miss Universe Philippines 2020" (https://mb.com.ph/2020/10/25/iloilo-beauty-crowned-missuniverse-philippines-2020/) . Manila Bulletin . Retrieved July 10, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Miss Universe 2019 to be held in Atlanta, Georgia" (http://www.rappler.com/life-and-style/specials/miss-universe/242902-miss-universe-2019-to-be-held-atlanta-georgia) . Rappler . November 1, 2019 . Retrieved November 2, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "LOOK: PH's Gazini Ganados dazzles in Miss Universe 2019 national costume" (https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/pageants/photos-gazini-ganados-national-costume-2019) . Rappler . Retrieved August 25, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Cary Santiago shares the making of Gazini Ganados' national costume for Miss Universe" (https://web.archive.org/web/20191207122508/https://cnnphilippines.com/entertainment/2019/12/7/gazini-ganados-national-costume-miss-universe-2019.html) . CNN Philippines . Archived from the original (https://www.cnnphilippines.com/entertainment/2019/12/7/gazini-ganados-national-costume-miss-universe-2019.html) on December 7, 2019 . Retrieved August 25, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Cary Santiago shares inspiration behind Gazini Ganados' Miss Universe National Costume, evening gown" (https://www.philstar.com/lifestyle/fashion-and-beauty/2019/12/07/1975053/cary-santiago-shares-inspiration-behind-gazini-ganados-miss-universe-national-costume-evening-gown) . Philstar . Retrieved August 25, 2021 . ^ a b "All the Looks Gazini Ganados Wore to Miss Universe 2019 Preliminary Competition" (http://www.preview.ph/fashion/miss-universe-2019-gazini-ganados-evening-gown-national-costume-preliminary-a00191-20191207) . Preview . Retrieved August 25, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "WATCH: Gazini Ganados' 'Phoenix Walk' in swimsuit at Miss Universe" (https://news.abs-cbn.com/life/12/07/19/watch-gazini-ganados-phoenix-walk-in-swimsuit-at-miss-universe) . ABS-CBN News . Retrieved August 25, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) "Gazini Ganados dazzles in shimmering gold gown during Miss Universe prelims" (https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/shoppingandfashion/718287/gazini-ganados-dazzles-in-shimmering-gold-gown-during-miss-universe-prelims/story/?amp) . GMA News Online . Retrieved August 25, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) "Philippines' Gazini Ganados makes it to Miss Universe 2019 semifinals via wildcard" (https://www.philstar.com/entertainment/2019/12/09/1975552/philippines-gazini-ganados-makes-it-miss-universe-2019-semifinals-wildcard) . Philstar . Retrieved August 25, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) Aguilar, Krissy (December 9, 2019). "Gazini Ganados enters Miss Universe 2019 Top 20" (https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/352852/gazini-ganados-enters-miss-universe-2019-top-20/) . Inquirer Lifestyle . Retrieved August 25, 2021 . ^ a b "READ: Gazini Ganados' opening statement at Miss Universe 2019" (https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/pageants/gazini-ganados-opening-statement-2019) . Rappler . Retrieved August 25, 2021 . ^ a b "Gazini Ganados highlights importance of elderly care in opening speech" (https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/352886/gazini-ganados-highlights-importance-of-elderly-care-in-opening-speech/) . Inquirer Lifestyle . December 9, 2019 . Retrieved August 25, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "PH's Gazini Ganados concludes Miss Universe 2019 journey in Top 20" (https://www.rappler.com/entertainment/pageants/gazini-ganados-ends-journey-2019) . Rappler . Retrieved August 25, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "Miss Universe 2019: 'May every little girl see their faces reflected in mine' (https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-50712666) " (https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-50712666) . BBC News . December 9, 2019 . Retrieved September 11, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) "South Africa's Zozibini Tunzi Crowned Miss Universe 2019" (https://www.voanews.com/africa/south-africas-zozibini-tunzi-crowned-miss-universe-2019) . Voice of America . December 9, 2019 . Retrieved September 11, 2021 . External links [ edit ] Binibining Pilipinas Official Website (https://www.bbpilipinas.com/) Gazini Ganados (https://www.instagram.com/gazinii/) on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram_(identifier)) Awards and achievements Preceded by On-anong Homsombath Miss Universe (/wiki/Miss_Universe) Best National Costume 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2019) Succeeded by Thuzar Wint Lwin (/wiki/Thuzar_Wint_Lwin) Preceded by Catriona Gray (/wiki/Catriona_Gray) ( Oas (/wiki/Oas,_Albay) , Albay (/wiki/Albay) ) Miss Universe Philippines (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas) 2019 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2019) Succeeded by Rabiya Mateo (/wiki/Rabiya_Mateo) ( Iloilo City (/wiki/Iloilo_City) ) v t e Binibining Pilipinas (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas) titleholders (2019) Universe (/wiki/Miss_Universe) Gazini Ganados International (/wiki/Miss_International) Patricia Magtanong (/wiki/Patricia_Magtanong) Supranational Resham Ramirez Saeed Grand International Samantha Ashley Lo Intercontinental Emma Mary Tiglao Globe Leren Mae Bautista v t e Miss Universe Philippines representatives Miss Philippines (1952–1963) 1952 - Teresita Sanchez 1953 - Cristina Pacheco 1954 - Blesilda Ocampo 1955 - Yvonne delos Reyes 1956 - Isabel Rodriguez 1957 - Carmen Corrales 1962 - Josephine Brown 1963 - Lalaine Bennett Binibining Pilipinas (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas) (1964–2019) 1964 - Myrna Panlilio 1965 - Louise Vail 1966 - Clarinda Soriano 1967 - Pilar Pilapil (/wiki/Pilar_Pilapil) 1968 - Rosario Zaragoza 1969 - Gloria Diaz (/wiki/Gloria_Diaz) 1970 - Simonette delos Reyes 1971 - Vida Doria 1972 - Barbara Crespo 1973 - Margie Moran (/wiki/Margie_Moran) 1974 - Guadalupe Sanchez 1975 - Rose Marie Brosas 1976 - Elizabeth de Padua 1977 - Anna Kier 1978 - Jennifer Cortez 1979 - Criselda Cecilio 1980 - Rosario Silayan (/wiki/Rosario_Silayan-Bailon) 1981 - Maricar Mendoza 1982 - Maria Isabel Lopez (/wiki/Maria_Isabel_Lopez) 1983 - Rosita Capuyon 1984 - Desiree Verdadero 1985 - Joyce Burton 1986 - Violeta Naluz 1987 - Geraldine Asis 1988 - Perfida Limpin 1989 - Sara Paez 1990 - Germelina Padilla 1991 - Lourdes Gonzalez 1992 - Elizabeth Berroya 1993 - Dindi Gallardo 1994 - Charlene Gonzales (/wiki/Charlene_Gonzales) 1995 - Joanne Santos (/wiki/Joanne_Santos-Quintas) 1996 - Aileen Damiles 1997 - Abbygale Arenas 1998 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_1998) - Jewel Lobaton 1999 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_1999) - Miriam Quiambao (/wiki/Miriam_Quiambao) 2000 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2000) - Nina Alagao 2001 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2001) - Zorayda Andam 2002 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2002) - Karen Agustin 2003 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2003) - Carla Balingit 2004 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2004) - Maricar Balagtas (/wiki/Maricar_Balagtas) 2005 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2005) - Gionna Cabrera 2006 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2006) - Lia Ramos (/wiki/Lia_Ramos) 2007 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2007) - Theresa Licaros (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Theresa_Licaros&action=edit&redlink=1) 2008 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2008) - Jennifer Barrientos (/wiki/Jennifer_Barrientos) 2009 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2009) - Bianca Manalo (/wiki/Bianca_Manalo) 2010 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2010) - Venus Raj (/wiki/Venus_Raj) 2011 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2011) - Shamcey Supsup (/wiki/Shamcey_Supsup-Lee) 2012 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2012) - Janine Tugonon (/wiki/Janine_Tugonon) 2013 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2013) - Ariella Arida (/wiki/Ariella_Arida) 2014 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2014) - Mary Jean Lastimosa (/wiki/Mary_Jean_Lastimosa) 2015 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2015) - Pia Wurtzbach (/wiki/Pia_Wurtzbach) 2016 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2016) - Maxine Medina (/wiki/Maxine_Medina) 2017 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2017) - Rachel Peters (/wiki/Rachel_Peters) 2018 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2018) - Catriona Gray (/wiki/Catriona_Gray) 2019 (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas_2019) - Gazini Ganados Miss Universe Philippines (/wiki/Miss_Universe_Philippines) (2020–present) 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_Philippines_2020) - Rabiya Mateo (/wiki/Rabiya_Mateo) 2021 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_Philippines_2021) - Beatrice Gomez (/wiki/Beatrice_Gomez) 2022 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_Philippines_2022) - Celeste Cortesi (/wiki/Celeste_Cortesi) 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_Philippines_2023) - Michelle Dee (/wiki/Michelle_Dee) 2024 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_Philippines_2024) - Chelsea Manalo (/wiki/Chelsea_Manalo) Binibining Pilipinas (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas) Miss Universe Philippines (/wiki/Miss_Universe_Philippines) Miss Universe (/wiki/Miss_Universe) v t e Philippines at Miss Universe Miss Universe Gloria Diaz (/wiki/Gloria_Diaz) ( 1969 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1969) ) Margie Moran (/wiki/Margie_Moran) ( 1973 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1973) ) Pia Wurtzbach (/wiki/Pia_Wurtzbach) ( 2015 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2015) ) Catriona Gray (/wiki/Catriona_Gray) ( 2018 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2018) ) 1st runner-up Miriam Quiambao (/wiki/Miriam_Quiambao) ( 1999 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1999) ) Janine Tugonon (/wiki/Janine_Tugonon) ( 2012 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2012) ) 3rd runner-up Lalaine Bennett ( 1963 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1963) ) Rosario Silayan (/wiki/Rosario_Silayan-Bailon) ( 1980 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1980) ) Desiree Verdadero ( 1984 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1984) ) Shamcey Supsup (/wiki/Shamcey_Supsup-Lee) ( 2011 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2011) ) Ariella Arida (/wiki/Ariella_Arida) ( 2013 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2013) ) 4th runner-up Rose Marie Brosas ( 1975 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1975) ) Venus Raj (/wiki/Venus_Raj) ( 2010 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2010) ) Top 5-6 Charlene Gonzales (/wiki/Charlene_Gonzales) ( 1994 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1994) ) Maxine Medina (/wiki/Maxine_Medina) ( 2016 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2016) ) Beatrice Gomez (/wiki/Beatrice_Gomez) ( 2021 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2021) ) Top 10-12 Barbara Crespo ( 1972 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1972) ) Guadalupe Sanchez ( 1974 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1974) ) Geraldine Asis ( 1987 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1987) ) Mary Jean Lastimosa (/wiki/Mary_Jean_Lastimosa) ( 2014 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2014) ) Rachel Peters (/wiki/Rachel_Peters) ( 2017 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2017) ) Michelle Dee (/wiki/Michelle_Dee) ( 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2023) ) Top 12-16 Blesilda Ocampo ( 1954 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1954) ) Louise Vail ( 1965 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1965) ) Clarinda Soriano ( 1966 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1966) ) Top 20-21 Gazini Ganados ( 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2019) ) Rabiya Mateo (/wiki/Rabiya_Mateo) ( 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2020) ) Binibining Pilipinas (/wiki/Binibining_Pilipinas) Miss Universe Philippines (/wiki/Miss_Universe_Philippines) Miss Universe (/wiki/Miss_Universe) v t e Miss Universe 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2019) national titleholders ALB : Cindy Marina (/wiki/Cindy_Marina) AUS : Priya Serrao (/wiki/Priya_Serrao) BGD : Shirin Akter Shila (/wiki/Shirin_Akter_Shila) BEL : Angeline Flor Pua (/wiki/Angeline_Flor_Pua) BLZ : Destinee Arnold (/wiki/Destinee_Arnold) BRA : Júlia Horta (/wiki/J%C3%BAlia_Horta) KHM : Somnang Alyna (/wiki/Somnang_Alyna) CHL : Geraldine González (/wiki/Geraldine_Gonz%C3%A1lez) CHN : Rosie Zhu Xin (/wiki/Rosie_Zhu_Xin) COL : Gabriela Tafur (/wiki/Gabriela_Tafur) DNK : Katja Stokholm (/wiki/Katja_Stokholm) SLV : Zuleika Soler (/wiki/Zuleika_Soler) FRA : Maëva Coucke (/wiki/Ma%C3%ABva_Coucke) GEO : Tako Adamia (/wiki/Tako_Adamia) DEU : Miriam Rautert (/wiki/Miriam_Rautert) GBR : Emma Jenkins (/wiki/Emma_Jenkins) HTI : Gabriela Vallejo (/wiki/Gabriela_Vallejo) ISL : Birta Abiba Þórhallsdóttir (/wiki/Birta_Abiba_%C3%9E%C3%B3rhallsd%C3%B3ttir) IND : Vartika Singh (/wiki/Vartika_Singh) IDN : Frederika Alexis Cull (/wiki/Frederika_Alexis_Cull) IRL : Fionnghuala O'Reilly (/wiki/Fionnghuala_O%27Reilly) ISR : Sella Sharlin (/wiki/Sella_Sharlin) ITA : Sofia Trimarco (/wiki/Sofia_Trimarco) JAM : Iana Tickle Garcia (/wiki/Iana_Tickle_Garcia) LAO : Vichitta Phonevilay (/wiki/Vichitta_Phonevilay) MYS : Shweta Sekhon (/wiki/Shweta_Sekhon) MLT : Teresa Ruglio (/wiki/Teresa_Ruglio) MEX : Sofía Aragón (/wiki/Sof%C3%ADa_Arag%C3%B3n) MMR : Swe Zin Htet (/wiki/Swe_Zin_Htet) NAM : Nadja Breytenbach (/wiki/Nadja_Breytenbach) NPL : Pradeepta Adhikari (/wiki/Pradeepta_Adhikari) NZL : Diamond Langi (/wiki/Diamond_Langi) NGA : Olutosin Araromi (/wiki/Olutosin_Araromi) PAN : Mehr Eliezer (/wiki/Mehr_Eliezer) PER : Kelin Rivera (/wiki/Kelin_Rivera) PHI : Gazini Ganados POL : Olga Buława (/wiki/Olga_Bu%C5%82awa) PUR : Madison Anderson (/wiki/Madison_Anderson) SLE : Marie Esther Bangura (/wiki/Marie_Esther_Bangura) SVK : Laura Longauerová (/wiki/Laura_Longauerov%C3%A1) ZAF : Zozibini Tunzi (/wiki/Zozibini_Tunzi) THA : Paweensuda Drouin (/wiki/Paweensuda_Drouin) USA : Cheslie Kryst (/wiki/Cheslie_Kryst) VEN : Thalía Olvino (/wiki/Thal%C3%ADa_Olvino) VNM : Hoàng Thùy (/wiki/Ho%C3%A0ng_Th%C3%B9y) Portals (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals) : Philippines (/wiki/Portal:Philippines) Biography (/wiki/Portal:Biography) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐c56477c6d‐gc6g9 Cached time: 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NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐6d49675458‐fxxv4 Cached time: 20240627020841 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.002 seconds Real time usage: 0.003 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 1/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:42885940-0!canonical and timestamp 20240627020841 and revision id 610480586. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse Subcategories This category has only the following subcategory. N National Union of Boot and Shoe Operatives (/wiki/Category:National_Union_of_Boot_and_Shoe_Operatives) ‎ (3 C, 1 P) Pages in category "Footwear industry trade unions" The following 18 pages are in this category, out of 18 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Amalgamated Society of Boot and Shoe Makers (/wiki/Amalgamated_Society_of_Boot_and_Shoe_Makers) Australian Boot Trade Employees' Federation (/wiki/Australian_Boot_Trade_Employees%27_Federation) B Boot and Shoe Workers' Union (/wiki/Boot_and_Shoe_Workers%27_Union) C Central Union of Shoemakers of Germany (/wiki/Central_Union_of_Shoemakers_of_Germany) D Danish Shoemakers' Union (/wiki/Danish_Shoemakers%27_Union) Daughters of St. Crispin (/wiki/Daughters_of_St._Crispin) I International Federation of Boot and Shoe Operatives and Leather Workers (/wiki/International_Federation_of_Boot_and_Shoe_Operatives_and_Leather_Workers) Irish Shoe and Leather Workers' Union (/wiki/Irish_Shoe_and_Leather_Workers%27_Union) N National Union of Boot and Shoe Operatives (/wiki/National_Union_of_Boot_and_Shoe_Operatives) National Union of the Footwear, Leather and Allied Trades (/wiki/National_Union_of_the_Footwear,_Leather_and_Allied_Trades) Norwegian Union of Shoe Makers (/wiki/Norwegian_Union_of_Shoe_Makers) O Order of the Knights of St. Crispin (/wiki/Order_of_the_Knights_of_St._Crispin) R Rossendale Union of Boot, Shoe and Slipper Operatives (/wiki/Rossendale_Union_of_Boot,_Shoe_and_Slipper_Operatives) Rubber and Leather Workers' Union (/wiki/Rubber_and_Leather_Workers%27_Union) S Shoe Workers' Protective Union (/wiki/Shoe_Workers%27_Protective_Union) Swedish Shoe and Leather Workers' Union (/wiki/Swedish_Shoe_and_Leather_Workers%27_Union) U United Shoe and Leather Workers' Union (/wiki/United_Shoe_and_Leather_Workers%27_Union) United Shoe Workers of America (/wiki/United_Shoe_Workers_of_America) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Footwear_industry_trade_unions&oldid=610480586 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Footwear_industry_trade_unions&oldid=610480586) " Category (/wiki/Help:Category) : Textile and clothing trade unions (/wiki/Category:Textile_and_clothing_trade_unions)
Kat Maconie (born 5 February 1984) is a London-based footwear designer who started her own label, which also produces handbags and jewellery, in 2009. She has partnered with other organisations for projects including limited-edition pieces and pop-up cocktail bars. Life [ edit ] Maconie was born in London and she attended the London College of Fashion (/wiki/London_College_of_Fashion) . [1] (#cite_note-1) After two years at Whistles (/wiki/Whistles_(company)) , working on buying and product development, Maconie moved into fashion recruitment and began creating her label part-time. [2] (#cite_note-2) She has collaborated with high street brands including Dune, and fashion designers including Felder Felder and Fyodor Golan, making shoes for their catwalk (/wiki/Catwalk) shows at London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) [3] (#cite_note-3) Her shoes are sold in twenty countries and in online stores including Nordstrom (/wiki/Nordstrom) and Level Shoes (https://gb.levelshoes.com/catalogsearch/result/?q=kat+maconie) . She won Drapers (/wiki/Drapers_(magazine)) Shoe Designer of the Year award in 2013. In 2013 the brand secured an investment from venture capital trust Pembroke. [4] (#cite_note-4) Stores [ edit ] In January 2019, the company opened its first UK store, in Bermondsey Street. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Kat Maconie (https://www.businessoffashion.com/community/companies/kat-maconie) , Business of Fashion, Retrieved 29 August 2016 ^ (#cite_ref-2) "30 under 30: Kat Maconie" (http://www.drapersonline.com/news/people/next-generation/30-under-30-kat-maconie/5044506.article) . Drapers. 12 January 2013 . Retrieved 12 August 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Catwalk Kat" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2011/05/20/kat-maconie-shoe-collaboration-with-felder-felder) . Vogue . 20 May 2011 . Retrieved 12 August 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Kat Maconie earns expansion cash" (http://www.drapersonline.com/news/kat-maconie-earns-expansion-cash/5051469.article) . Drapers. 26 July 2013 . Retrieved 12 August 2013 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐6f5ccb59c8‐sz62x Cached time: 20240623171936 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.116 seconds Real time usage: 0.142 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 195/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 4361/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 75/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 11773/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.069/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2971129/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 116.870 1 Template:Reflist 100.00% 116.870 1 -total 83.80% 97.939 3 Template:Cite_web 1.36% 1.590 1 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:40219460-0!canonical and timestamp 20240623171936 and revision id 1177471390. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kat_Maconie&oldid=1177471390 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kat_Maconie&oldid=1177471390) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Designers from London (/wiki/Category:Designers_from_London) Shoe companies of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Shoe_companies_of_the_United_Kingdom)
Bolivian women who worked as fashion designers (/wiki/Fashion_designer) . Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Bolivia portal (/wiki/Portal:Bolivia) This is a non-diffusing subcategory (/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization#Non-diffusing_subcategories) of Category:Bolivian fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Bolivian_fashion_designers) . It includes Bolivian fashion designers that can also be found in the parent category, or in diffusing subcategories of the parent. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐77x2k Cached time: 20240720103959 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.078 seconds Real time usage: 0.124 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 137/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3989/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 303/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3351/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.044/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 932004/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 109.079 1 -total 39.97% 43.596 1 Template:Portal 34.31% 37.424 1 Template:Non-diffusing 27.82% 30.350 1 Template:Cmbox 25.54% 27.854 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 22.90% 24.978 2 Template:Category_other 21.05% 22.958 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 3.08% 3.364 1 Template:Single_namespace 1.38% 1.501 1 Template:Template_other 1.36% 1.487 1 Template:Clear Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:72304209-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720103959 and revision id 1177797208. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Bolivian women fashion designers" The following 4 pages are in this category, out of 4 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Vanessa Alfaro (/wiki/Vanessa_Alfaro) C Beatriz Canedo Patiño (/wiki/Beatriz_Canedo_Pati%C3%B1o) M Monica Moss (/wiki/Monica_Moss) P Eliana Paco (/wiki/Eliana_Paco) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Bolivian_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1177797208 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Bolivian_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1177797208) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Bolivian fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Bolivian_fashion_designers) Bolivian women artists (/wiki/Category:Bolivian_women_artists) Women fashion designers by nationality (/wiki/Category:Women_fashion_designers_by_nationality) Hidden categories: Wikipedia non-diffusing subcategories (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_non-diffusing_subcategories) Automatic category TOC generates no TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_no_TOC)
Widespread decline in physical retail stores Retail apocalypse A modern empty former retail space located in the Southern Park Mall (/wiki/Southern_Park_Mall) , Boardman Township, Ohio (/wiki/Boardman_Township,_Ohio) , United States (/wiki/United_States) Date 2010 ( 2010 ) – present Venue Malls (/wiki/Shopping_mall) , Physical retail (/wiki/Physical_retail) Location Worldwide; initially began in the English-speaking world (/wiki/English-speaking_world) , Western Europe (/wiki/Western_Europe) and Japan (/wiki/Japan) Cause Financial crisis of 2007–2008 (/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%932008) -related downsizing of retail chains caused by rise in global e-commerce (/wiki/E-commerce) operations Accumulation of corporate debt (/wiki/Corporate_bond) for retail overexpansion Changes in spending habits Impact of COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_retail) 2021-2023 inflation surge (/wiki/2021-2023_inflation_surge) [1] (#cite_note-1) Rise of e-commerce (/wiki/E-commerce) itself Outcome Numerous bankruptcies ensued from early 2010s Major decline in revenue from suppliers Bankruptcies accelerated from March 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 recession (/wiki/COVID-19_recession) and Inflation (/wiki/2021-2023_inflation_surge) Retail apocalypse refers to the closing of numerous brick-and-mortar (/wiki/Brick-and-mortar) retail (/wiki/Retail) stores, especially those of large chains, beginning around 2010 and accelerating due to the mandatory closures during the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) . [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-atlantic-3) In 2017 alone, more than 12,000 physical stores closed. The reasons included debt and bankruptcy in the face of rising costs, leveraged buyouts (/wiki/Leveraged_buyout) , low quarterly profits outside holiday binge (/wiki/Economics_of_Christmas) spending, delayed effects of the Great Recession (/wiki/Great_Recession) , [3] (#cite_note-atlantic-3) and changes in spending habits. American consumers have shifted their purchasing habits due to various factors, including experience spending (/wiki/Experience_economy) versus material goods and homes, casual fashion in relaxed dress codes (/wiki/Dress_code) , as well as the rise of e-commerce (/wiki/E-commerce) [4] (#cite_note-4) and particularly juggernaut (/wiki/Juggernaut) companies such as Amazon.com (/wiki/Amazon.com) and Walmart (/wiki/Walmart) . A 2017 Business Insider (/wiki/Business_Insider) report dubbed this phenomenon the "Amazon effect" and calculated that Amazon.com was generating more than half of retail-sales growth. [5] (#cite_note-business-insider-amazon-effect-1nov2017-5) Not everyone agrees that a "retail apocalypse" exists. Dissenting economists and experts asserted that recent retail closures are a market correction, suggesting that the phrase is misleading and instills insecurity in the 16 million U.S. retail workers (/wiki/Retail_workers_in_the_United_States) . [6] (#cite_note-Tech-6) Research published by global retail analyst IHL Group in 2019 suggests that the so-called retail apocalypse narrative was an exaggeration, with "more chains that are expanding their number of stores than closing stores.” [7] (#cite_note-IHL-7) That year, retailers in the United States (/wiki/United_States) announced 9,302 store closings, a 59% jump from 2018, and the highest number since tracking the data began in 2012. [8] (#cite_note-closing_28-8) Corporate bankruptcies and store closings increased in 2020. During the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/Financial_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic) , most retail stores, especially struggling mall (/wiki/Shopping_mall) -based retailers, closed for extended periods of time. [9] (#cite_note-9) Several large retail companies filed for bankruptcy during the pandemic, including J. Crew (/wiki/J._Crew) , Century 21 (/wiki/Century_21_(department_store)) , Neiman Marcus (/wiki/Neiman_Marcus) , Lord & Taylor (/wiki/Lord_%26_Taylor) , Stage Stores (/wiki/Stage_Stores) , Stein Mart (/wiki/Stein_Mart) , JCPenney (/wiki/JCPenney) , Tuesday Morning (/wiki/Tuesday_Morning) , and Pier 1 Imports (/wiki/Pier_1_Imports) . [10] (#cite_note-chicagotribune-10) The most productive retailers in North America during the retail apocalypse are discount superstores [11] (#cite_note-11) Walmart (/wiki/Walmart) and Target (/wiki/Target_Corporation) , low-cost " fast-fashion (/wiki/Fast-fashion) " brands ( Zara (/wiki/Zara_(retailer)) , H&M (/wiki/H%26M) ), dollar stores (/wiki/Dollar_stores) ( Dollar General (/wiki/Dollar_General) , Dollar Tree (/wiki/Dollar_Tree) , Family Dollar (/wiki/Family_Dollar) ), [12] (#cite_note-12) and warehouse clubs ( Costco (/wiki/Costco) , Sam's Club (/wiki/Sam%27s_Club) , and BJ's Wholesale Club (/wiki/BJ%27s_Wholesale_Club) ). [13] (#cite_note-13) History [ edit ] A permanently closed mom and pop health food store in Port Charlotte, Florida (/wiki/Port_Charlotte,_Florida) The phrase "retail apocalypse" first appeared in print in an early 1990s essay by Peter Glen, author of It's Not My Department! . [14] (#cite_note-14) Media appropriated the term to refer to multiple brick-and-mortar store closures resulting from shifts in consumer spending (/wiki/Consumer_spending) . [6] (#cite_note-Tech-6) Since at least 2008 ( Global Financial Crisis (/wiki/2007%E2%80%932008_financial_crisis) ), various economic factors have resulted in the closing of many stores in North America, the United Kingdom, and Australia, particularly in the department store (/wiki/Department_store) industry. For example, Sears Holdings (/wiki/Sears_Holdings) had more than 3,500 stores and 355,000 employees in 2006. [15] (#cite_note-15) By the end of 2016, Sears operated 1,430 stores. [16] (#cite_note-16) In October 2018, Sears filed for bankruptcy and announced it would close an additional 142 of its 687 stores. [17] (#cite_note-:0-17) At the time of filing, Sears had 68,000 employees. [17] (#cite_note-:0-17) The phrase "retail apocalypse" began gaining widespread usage in 2017 following multiple announcements from many major retailers of plans to either discontinue or greatly scale back a retail presence, including companies such as H.H. Gregg (/wiki/H.H._Gregg) , Family Christian Stores (/wiki/Family_Christian_Stores) and The Limited (/wiki/The_Limited) all going out of business entirely. [18] (#cite_note-whioohioimpact-18) The Atlantic (/wiki/The_Atlantic) described the phenomenon as "The Great Retail Apocalypse of 2017", reporting nine retail bankruptcies and several apparel companies having their stock hit new lows, including that of Lululemon (/wiki/Lululemon) , Urban Outfitters (/wiki/Urban_Outfitters) , and American Eagle (/wiki/American_Eagle_Outfitters) . [3] (#cite_note-atlantic-3) Credit Suisse (/wiki/Credit_Suisse) , a major global financial services company, predicted that 25% of U.S. malls remaining in 2017 could close by 2022. [19] (#cite_note-gymboree-19) Since 2017, the phrase is frequently applied to brick-and-mortar closures in retail, with the retail apocalypse creating a domino effect (/wiki/Domino_effect) on manufacturers and suppliers; Hasbro (/wiki/Hasbro) , for example, cited the loss of the Toys "R" Us (/wiki/Toys_%22R%22_Us) chain as a major cause for lost revenue and layoffs the company imposed in October 2018. [20] (#cite_note-20) A 2019 analysis conducted by IHL Group international research and advisory firm found that when a retailer closes many stores, it indicates more about the individual retailer rather than the retail industry overall. In 2019, the 20 stores announcing the most closures represent (/wiki/Pareto_principle) 75% of all closures. IHL found that for each retailer closing stores in 2019, more than five retail chains are opening stores, an increase from the 3.7 ratio of 2018. IHL also reported that the number of chains adding stores in 2019 had increased 56%, while the number of closing stores decreased by 66% in the last year. [7] (#cite_note-IHL-7) [21] (#cite_note-21) As of May 2020, bankruptcies and store closings were expected to intensify due to widespread business closures and the resulting financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/Financial_impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic) . J. Crew (/wiki/J._Crew) , Century 21 (/wiki/Century_21_(department_store)) , Neiman Marcus (/wiki/Neiman_Marcus) , Stage Stores (/wiki/Stage_Stores) , Stein Mart (/wiki/Stein_Mart) , Lord & Taylor (/wiki/Lord_%26_Taylor) , JCPenney (/wiki/JCPenney) , Tuesday Morning (/wiki/Tuesday_Morning) , and Pier 1 Imports (/wiki/Pier_1_Imports) were among the first major retailers to file for bankruptcy during the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States) . [10] (#cite_note-chicagotribune-10) Factors [ edit ] Shift to e-commerce [ edit ] Further information: Online shopping (/wiki/Online_shopping) The main factor cited in the closing of retail stores in the retail apocalypse is the shift in consumer habits towards online shopping (/wiki/Online_shopping) . [22] (#cite_note-22) Holiday sales for e-commerce increased by an estimated 11% to 20% from 2015 to 2016. The same year, brick-and-mortar stores saw an overall increase of only 1.6%, with physical department stores experiencing a 4.8% decline. [23] (#cite_note-practicale-23) Oversupply of shopping malls [ edit ] Another factor is an over-supply of malls (/wiki/Shopping_mall) [24] (#cite_note-24) as the growth rate of malls in North America between 1970 and 2015 was over twice the growth rate of the population. In 2004, Malcolm Gladwell (/wiki/Malcolm_Gladwell) wrote that investment in malls was artificially accelerated when the United States Congress (/wiki/United_States_Congress) introduced accelerated depreciation (/wiki/Accelerated_depreciation) into the tax code in 1954. [25] (#cite_note-25) Despite the construction of new malls, mall visits declined by 50% between 2010 and 2013 with further declines reported in each successive year. [26] (#cite_note-26) Experience economy [ edit ] Main article: Experience economy (/wiki/Experience_economy) A major reported contributing factor to the supposed retail decline is an ongoing "restaurant renaissance"— a shift in consumer spending habits for their disposable income (/wiki/Disposable_income) from material purchases such as clothing towards dining out (/wiki/Restaurant) and travel (/wiki/Travel) . [3] (#cite_note-atlantic-3) Shrinking middle class [ edit ] Another cited factor is the "death of the American middle class (/wiki/American_middle_class) " represented by declining real wages and rising costs creating a middle-class squeeze (/wiki/Middle-class_squeeze) , resulting in large-scale closures of retailers such as Macy's (/wiki/Macy%27s) , JCPenney (/wiki/JCPenney) , and Sears (/wiki/Sears) which traditionally relied on spending from this market segment. [27] (#cite_note-middleclass-27) Particularly in rural areas, variety stores (/wiki/Variety_store) such as Dollar General (/wiki/Dollar_General) , Dollar Tree (/wiki/Dollar_Tree) , and Family Dollar (/wiki/Family_Dollar) , once thought to be unaffected by the apocalypse since they have continued growing rapidly, are now perceived as being at best a symptom of the phenomenon, and at worst a direct cause of rural, independent retailers collapsing, unable to compete with the lower margins that national chains can sustain. [28] (#cite_note-28) [29] (#cite_note-29) Poor management [ edit ] Poor retail management coupled with an overcritical eye towards quarterly dividends cause a lack of accurate inventory control, so the sales floor suffers from underperforming merchandise and out-of-stock merchandise, creating a poor shopping experience for customers. The focus on short-term balance sheets induces management to understaff retail stores in order to keep profits high. [30] (#cite_note-30) [31] (#cite_note-31) Furthermore, many long-standing chain retailers are overloaded with debt (/wiki/Corporate_debt_bubble) , [32] (#cite_note-bloomberg_retail_beginning-32) often from leveraged buyouts (/wiki/Leveraged_buyout) from private equity (/wiki/Private_equity) firms, which hinders the profitable operation of retail chains. [33] (#cite_note-33) [34] (#cite_note-34) COVID-19 pandemic [ edit ] Main article: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on retail (/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_retail) The COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) exacerbated many issues affecting retailers, as many were forced to shut down due to non-pharmaceutical interventions that were issued in an effort to mitigate the pandemic. [35] (#cite_note-35) At the same time, online shopping (/wiki/Online_shopping) boomed during the coronavirus-related lockdown, even though it came back down starting in 2022. [36] (#cite_note-36) Most of the major e-commerce (/wiki/E-commerce) retailers in the United States were classified as essential businesses and were not required to shut down. Buyers stated that they would deliberately buy products from such categories as food and drinks, hygiene, household cleaning, clothing (/wiki/Clothing) , health, and consumer electronics online rather than in person due to COVID-19. The outbreak is said to have changed shopping behavior permanently: in the US, 29% of surveyed consumers (/wiki/Consumers) stated that they had no intention to ever go back to offline shopping. In the UK, this number reached 43%. [37] (#cite_note-37) In June 2020, retail research firm Coresight reported that they estimated that the number of store closures due to the pandemic and ensuing recession would exceed the 2019 record of 9,302. [38] (#cite_note-38) [39] (#cite_note-39) Coresight Research data later indicated that store closures had reduced by 49% from 2020 to 2021, with store openings increased by 36% over the previous year. [40] (#cite_note-Coresight-40) Clothing and accessories accounted for 43% of retail closures in 2021. [40] (#cite_note-Coresight-40) In July 2022, the analytics firm published findings that store openings had exceeded store closings for the first half of 2022, and that there were 10% fewer closings and 3% fewer openings than in 2021. [41] (#cite_note-41) Major retail bankruptcies [ edit ] Main article: List of retailers affected by the retail apocalypse (/wiki/List_of_retailers_affected_by_the_retail_apocalypse) Store closures and bankruptcy filings Company name Time period Number of stores closed Bankruptcy Open stores Source Borders Books (/wiki/Borders_Books) 2011 Closed all stores Liquidated None [42] (#cite_note-42) The Bon-Ton (/wiki/The_Bon-Ton) 2018 Remaining 267 locations liquidated Filed February 2018 None; last store closed October 2020 [43] (#cite_note-toni-2020oct10-43) [44] (#cite_note-44) Sears Holdings (/wiki/Sears_Holdings) 2013–2021 1,380 Kmart (/wiki/Kmart_(United_States)) and Sears (/wiki/Sears) stores Filed October 2018 Acquired out February 2019 15 (2022) [45] (#cite_note-45) J. C. Penney (/wiki/J._C._Penney) 2015–2020 177 Filed May 2020 669 (May 2022) [46] (#cite_note-46) [47] (#cite_note-47) Toys "R" Us (/wiki/Toys_%22R%22_Us) 2018 Closed all US, UK and Australia stores. Filed 2017 Re-emerged 2019 80 Canada stores, 160 Japan stores, 1 US Flagship store, 400+ stores within Macy's [48] (#cite_note-48) [49] (#cite_note-49) J. Crew (/wiki/J._Crew) 2018–2020 54 Filed May 2020 492 [50] (#cite_note-50) Barneys New York (/wiki/Barneys_New_York) 2019 15 Filed 2019, liquidated None [51] (#cite_note-51) Forever 21 (/wiki/Forever_21) 2019 200 (approx.) Filed September 2019 600+ [52] (#cite_note-52) [53] (#cite_note-53) [54] (#cite_note-54) A.C. Moore (/wiki/A.C._Moore) 2019–2020 145 Filed September 2019 Became Michaels (/wiki/Michaels) Payless ShoeSource (/wiki/Payless_ShoeSource) 2019–2020 2,500 – all stores in North America and Puerto Rico (2019) Filed February 2019 Emerged January 2020 (second bankruptcy) 700 (Latin and Central America, Caribbean, Southeast Asia, Middle East and India) [55] (#cite_note-55) [56] (#cite_note-56) Pier 1 (/wiki/Pier_1_(retail_chain)) 2020 Remaining 942 stores Filed February 2020 None [57] (#cite_note-auto-57) Neiman Marcus (/wiki/Neiman_Marcus) 2020 6 Filed May 2020 37 [57] (#cite_note-auto-57) [58] (#cite_note-58) [59] (#cite_note-59) Tuesday Morning (/wiki/Tuesday_Morning) 2020 & 2023 196 1. Filed May 2020; emerged December 2020 2. Filed February 2023; announced liquidations in April None (Remaining stores liquidated by July 2023) [60] (#cite_note-60) [61] (#cite_note-61) GNC (/wiki/GNC_(store)) 2020 2450 (approx.) Filed June 2020 4,850 (approx.) [62] (#cite_note-62) [63] (#cite_note-63) [64] (#cite_note-64) True Religion (/wiki/True_Religion_(clothing_brand)) 2017 & 2020 37 1. Filed July 2017 2. April - Nov. 2020 49 (2020) [65] (#cite_note-65) [66] (#cite_note-66) [67] (#cite_note-67) Brooks Brothers (/wiki/Brooks_Brothers) 2020 253 Filed July 2020 171 [68] (#cite_note-68) [69] (#cite_note-69) [70] (#cite_note-70) Bed Bath & Beyond (/wiki/Bed_Bath_%26_Beyond_Inc.) 2023 360 Filed April 2023 None (all US & Canada stores liquidated by July 2023) Express, Inc. (/wiki/Express,_Inc.) 2024 100 Filed April 2024 [71] (#cite_note-71) Strategies [ edit ] Researchers have identified customer experience (/wiki/Customer_experience) and brand (/wiki/Brand) reputation as two factors that can influence whether a retailer will survive. Some more established retailers like Toys "R" Us (/wiki/Toys_%22R%22_Us) may not have been as responsive to changing trends in consumer behavior (/wiki/Consumer_behavior) . Some researchers have made recommendations based on trends and technologies to improve the outlook for traditional brick and mortar retailers. [72] (#cite_note-forbes-72) Employing technology, Ikea (/wiki/Ikea) became one of the first retailers to use Apple (/wiki/Apple_Inc.) 's ARKit (/wiki/ARKit) to develop an augmented reality (/wiki/Augmented_reality) app that allowed customers to visualize 3D renderings of Ikea products as they would appear in a certain room or place. [73] (#cite_note-73) [74] (#cite_note-74) Macy's (/wiki/Macy%27s) , American Eagle (/wiki/American_Eagle_Outfitters) , Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) and Sephora (/wiki/Sephora) were reported to be implementing various technologies to integrate digital experiences to improve consumers' physical shopping experiences. Sephora has installed smart mirrors (/wiki/Smart_mirror) that use augmented reality technology to allow customers to try on makeup. [75] (#cite_note-75) Walmart (/wiki/Walmart) automated some aspects of its supply chain, while Kohl's (/wiki/Kohl%27s) streamlined its retail presence, reducing the size of some stores from 90,000 to between 60,000 and 35,000 square feet, [76] (#cite_note-Fertik-76) starting the use of robots (/wiki/Robot) to help clean and stock shelves. Company executives have said robots lower costs and improve efficiency, but employees report they don't like working with robots. Lowe's (/wiki/Lowe%27s) has been using LowesBot to help customers find items. [72] (#cite_note-forbes-72) According to a 2018 study from the International Council of Shopping Centers (/wiki/International_Council_of_Shopping_Centers) , new stores can increase traffic to retailer websites by an average of 37% and drive up share of web traffic within that market by 27% in what is called a " halo effect (/wiki/Halo_effect) ". [77] (#cite_note-77) Prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, Forbes outlined several aspects that aid retail survival, highlighting brand reputation as the topmost factor. [76] (#cite_note-Fertik-76) In February 2020, Monash University (/wiki/Monash_University) in Australia underlined the three key factors for a healthy survival during an apparent retail apocalypse as delivering a "great in-store retail experience", customer-targeted stock offerings, and "seamless omnichannel (/wiki/Omnichannel) integration". [78] (#cite_note-78) See also [ edit ] Business portal (/wiki/Portal:Business) Economics portal (/wiki/Portal:Economics) History portal (/wiki/Portal:History) Companies portal (/wiki/Portal:Companies) United States portal (/wiki/Portal:United_States) Dead mall (/wiki/Dead_mall) Direct-to-consumer (/wiki/Direct-to-consumer) Economic history of the United States (/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_United_States) Experience economy (/wiki/Experience_economy) Pop-up shop (/wiki/Pop-up_shop) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Hartmans, Avery (15 December 2022). "The retail apocalypse isn't over: it's coming back to bite department stores, experts warn" (https://www.businessinsider.in/retail/news/the-retail-apocalypse-isnt-over-its-coming-back-to-bite-department-stores-experts-warn/articleshow/96260856.cms) . Business Insider (/wiki/Business_Insider) . Retrieved 27 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Peterson, Hayley (1 January 2018). "A tsunami of store closings is about to hit the US — and it's expected to eclipse the retail carnage of 2017" (http://www.businessinsider.com/store-closures-in-2018-will-eclipse-2017-2018-1) . businessinsider.com . Retrieved 4 January 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Thompson, Derek (10 April 2017). "What in the World Is Causing the Retail Meltdown of 2017?" (https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2017/04/retail-meltdown-of-2017/522384/) . The Atlantic (/wiki/The_Atlantic) . Retrieved 10 April 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "These haunting photos of the retail apocalypse reveal a new normal in America" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170408075056/https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/companies/these-haunting-photos-of-the-retail-apocalypse-reveal-a-new-normal-in-america/ss-BByFpjX) . Business Insider . 24 March 2017. Archived from the original (https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/companies/these-haunting-photos-of-the-retail-apocalypse-reveal-a-new-normal-in-america/ss-BByFpjX) on 8 April 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-business-insider-amazon-effect-1nov2017_5-0) Taylor, Kate (1 November 2017). "One statistic shows how much Amazon could dominate the future of retail" (https://www.businessinsider.com/retail-apocalypse-amazon-accounts-for-half-of-all-retail-growth-2017-11) . Business Insider (/wiki/Business_Insider) . Retrieved 15 January 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b Bernstein, Corinne. "retail apocalypse" (https://www.techtarget.com/whatis/definition/retail-apocalypse) . whatis.com . Tech Target. ^ Jump up to: a b Wilson, Marianne (11 August 2019). "IHL Study: Five retailers opening stores for every retailer closing stores" (https://chainstoreage.com/real-estate/ihl-study-five-retailers-opening-stores-for-every-retailer-closing-stores) . Chain Store Age . 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Quartz (/wiki/Quartz_(publication)) . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Gladwell, Malcolm (15 March 2004). "The Terrazzo Jungle" (https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2004/03/15/the-terrazzo-jungle) . The New Yorker (/wiki/The_New_Yorker) . Retrieved 9 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) Sanburn, Josh (20 July 2017). "Why the Death of Malls Is About More Than Shopping" (https://time.com/4865957/death-and-life-shopping-mall/) . Time (/wiki/Time_(magazine)) . ^ (#cite_ref-middleclass_27-0) Peterson, Hayley (6 June 2017). "Amazon's and Walmart's latest moves confirm the death of the middle class as we know it" (http://www.businessinsider.com/amazon-and-walmart-confirm-the-death-of-the-middle-class-2017-6) . Business Insider (/wiki/Business_Insider) . Retrieved 6 June 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) Meyersohn, Nathaniel (19 July 2019). "Dollar stores are facing backlash across America" (https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/19/business/dollar-general-opposition/index.html) . CNN . 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"America's 'Retail Apocalypse' Is Really Just Beginning" (https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2017-retail-debt/?sref=CIpmV6x8) . Bloomberg.com . Retrieved 26 July 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) Shephard, Alex (28 March 2018). "The Real Retail Killer" (https://newrepublic.com/article/147669/real-retail-killer) . The New Republic . Retrieved 27 November 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) Richter, Wolf (2 August 2017). "The retail apocalypse is being fueled by private equity firms adding to debt loads" (https://www.businessinsider.com/brick-and-mortar-retail-private-equity-debt-financing-lbo-2017-8?international=true&r=US&IR=T) . Business Insider . Retrieved 27 November 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) Holliday, Anne (13 May 2020). "Gordmans Parent Company Files for Bankruptcy" (https://wesb.com/2020/05/13/gordmans-parent-company-files-for-bankruptcy/) . WESB B107.5-FM/1490-AM | WBRR 100.1 The Hero . Retrieved 17 May 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-36) Hadero, Haleluya (2 February 2023). "Amazon beats Q4 revenue estimates, but profits slump" (https://apnews.com/article/technology-amazoncom-inc-north-america-earnings-business-3ed169ad4883a5f7cb6f6bf888564519) . Associated Press (/wiki/Associated_Press) . Retrieved 4 June 2023 . Amazon has been struggling to right-size its business in the past year as consumers pulled back from the pandemic-induced move towards online shopping. ^ (#cite_ref-37) Kuhuk, Jane (19 May 2020). "COVID-19 shopping behavior: what products would customers rather buy online? [Infographic]" (https://competera.net/resources/articles/ecommerce-online-shopping-behavior-retail-infographic) . competera.net . ^ (#cite_ref-38) Young, Sarah (9 June 2020). "Record number of retailers expected to close this year" (https://www.consumeraffairs.com/news/record-number-of-retailers-expected-to-close-this-year-060920.html) . www.consumeraffairs.com . ConsumerAffairs (/wiki/ConsumerAffairs) . 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"Sad word on the street: This NJ JC Penney closing after 46 years" (https://nj1015.com/sad-word-on-the-street-this-nj-jcpenney-closing-after-47-years/) . nj1015.com . New Jersey 101.5 . Retrieved 17 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-47) Burch, Christopher (5 May 2022). "JCPenney makes offer to buy competitor Kohl's" (https://www.nj.com/business/2022/05/jcpenney-makes-offer-to-buy-competitor-kohls.html) . nj.com . NJ Advance Media . Retrieved 17 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-48) Bhattarai, Abha (18 July 2019). "Toys R Us is back from the dead, but its new stores are unrecognizable" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/07/18/toys-r-us-is-back-dead-its-new-stores-are-unrecognizable/) . The Washington Post . ^ (#cite_ref-49) Valinsky, Jordan (31 January 2021). "Toys 'R' Us has closed all its stores – again" (https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/31/business/toys-r-us-closures/index.html) . CNN . Retrieved 14 March 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-50) Geske, Dawn (4 June 2019). 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Retrieved 22 August 2022 . 815 stores ^ (#cite_ref-54) "Forever 21 History Case Study- The Rise & Fall" (https://440industries.com/forever-21-history-case-study-the-rise-fall/) . 440industries.com . 440 Industries. 11 April 2022 . Retrieved 22 August 2022 . Today, the brand owns over 600 stores ^ (#cite_ref-55) Thomas, Lauren (16 January 2020). "Payless ShoeSource emerges from bankruptcy — again" (https://www.cnbc.com/2020/01/16/payless-shoesource-emerges-from-bankruptcyagain.html) . CNBC . ^ (#cite_ref-56) Johns, Nikara (6 January 2022). "Twitter Can't Stop Talking About Payless Shoes — Here's Why" (https://footwearnews.com/2022/business/retail/payless-shoes-trending-twitter-1203227258/) . Footwear News . Retrieved 24 August 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b "The running list of 2020 retail bankruptcies" (https://www.retaildive.com/news/the-running-list-of-2020-retail-bankruptcies/571159/) . Retail Dive . ^ (#cite_ref-58) Ilchi, Layla (24 July 2020). 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Retrieved 14 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-69) Maheshwari, Sapna (12 August 2020). "Bankrupt Brooks Brothers Finds a Buyer" (https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/12/business/brooks-brothers-sale-authentic-brands.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved 18 August 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-70) "Number of Brooks Brothers locations in the United States in 2022" (https://www.scrapehero.com/location-reports/Brooks%20Brothers-USA/) . scrapehero.com . ScrapeHero. 27 June 2022 . Retrieved 18 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-71) Reuters (https://www.reuters.com/business/retail-consumer/apparel-retailer-express-files-us-bankruptcy-protection-close-over-100-stores-2024-04-22/) April 22, 2024 ^ Jump up to: a b Morgan, Blake (3 September 2019). "Slow Your Roll Robots: Not Everyone Is Excited About Walmart's Robots" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/blakemorgan/2019/09/03/slow-your-roll-robots-not-everyone-is-excited-about-walmarts-robots/) . Forbes . ^ (#cite_ref-73) Lunden, Ingrid (12 September 2017). "IKEA Place, the retailer's first ARKit app, creates lifelike pictures of furniture in your home" (https://social.techcrunch.com/2017/09/12/ikea-place-the-retailers-first-arkit-app-creates-lifelike-pictures-of-furniture-in-your-home/) . TechCrunch . ^ (#cite_ref-74) Lunden, Ingrid (2 April 2020). "Ikea acquires AI imaging startup Geomagical Labs to supercharge room visualisations" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230421205338/https://techcrunch.com/2020/04/02/ikea-acquires-ai-imaging-startup-geomagical-labs-to-supercharge-room-visualisations/) . TechCrunch . Archived from the original (https://social.techcrunch.com/2020/04/02/ikea-acquires-ai-imaging-startup-geomagical-labs-to-supercharge-room-visualisations/) on 21 April 2023 . Retrieved 25 April 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-75) Meyersohn, Nathaniel (15 August 2019). "Stores are starting to feel a lot more like the internet" (https://www.cnn.com/2019/08/15/tech/retail-technology-nike-macys-reformation/index.html) . CNN . ^ Jump up to: a b Fertik, Michael (2 May 2019). "How to Avoid Being Victim to the Retail Apocalypse" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelfertik/2019/05/02/how-to-avoid-being-victim-to-the-retail-apocalypse/) . Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) . ^ (#cite_ref-77) "ICSC "Halo Effect" Study Finds Physical Stores Drive Increase in Online Traffic and Brand Awareness" (https://www.icsc.com/news-and-views/icsc-exchange/icsc-halo-effect-study-finds-physical-stores-drive-increase-in-online-traff) . reports.icsc.org . 15 October 2018 . Retrieved 9 November 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-78) "The trick to thriving in a 'retail apocalypse' (https://impact.monash.edu/retail/the-trick-to-thriving-in-a-retail-apocalypse/) " (https://impact.monash.edu/retail/the-trick-to-thriving-in-a-retail-apocalypse/) . impact.monash.edu . Australia: Monash Business School, Monash University. 12 February 2020 . Retrieved 29 August 2022 . External links [ edit ] Brian Sozzi, "Coach CEO Perfectly Explains What Must Be Done to Survive Retail Apocalypse" (https://www.thestreet.com/story/14298940/1/coach-ceo-perfectly-explains-what-must-be-done-to-survive-retail-apocalypse.html) , thestreet.com (/wiki/Thestreet.com) September 8, 2017 "The Death Knell for the Bricks-and-Mortar Store? Not Yet" (https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/13/fashion/shopping-online-retail.html) , Matthew Schneier, The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) , November 13, 2017 "What It's Like to Work in the Last Big Store in a Dying Mall" (http://www.newser.com/story/253582/the-mall-was-dead-except-for-the-jc-penney.html) , Kate Seamons, Newser (/wiki/Newser) , January 2, 2018 Videos "American shopping malls struggle to survive" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BBmvMpZCNJg) . CBS Sunday Morning (/wiki/CBS_Sunday_Morning) . CBS (/wiki/CBS) . 30 March 2014. "The rise and fall of the American shopping mall" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I7y1FoFqtiw) . PBS Newshour (/wiki/PBS_Newshour) . PBS (/wiki/PBS) . 28 November 2014. "What America's shopping mall decline means for social space" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oooVC3zfDc8) . 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Ritual protection thread in Hinduism and Jainism The thread of Mauli tied on right arm. A bundle of Mauli A kautuka is a red-yellow coloured ritual protection thread, sometimes with knots, found on the Indian subcontinent (/wiki/Indian_subcontinent) . It is sometimes called a kalava , mauli , moui , raksasutra , [1] (#cite_note-A2010-1) pratisara (in North India), kaapu , kayiru , charandu or rakshadhara (in South India). [2] (#cite_note-Yim2008p53-2) [3] (#cite_note-gonda145-3) [4] (#cite_note-yuko1996p419-4) A kautuka is a woven thread, cord or ribbon, states the Indologist Jan Gonda (/wiki/Jan_Gonda) , which is traditionally believed to be protective or apotropaeic. [3] (#cite_note-gonda145-3) Kabbalah - The oldest custom of wearing the red string dates back to Genesis 38:28 and is worn to ward off misfortune. The tradition is originally thought to be associated with Judaism's Kabbalah (the ancient Jewish tradition of mystical interpretation in the Bible) and the story of Rachel who gave to others and was blessed in return. [5] (#cite_note-5) The Pratisarā (प्रतिसरा) and kautuka refers to a thread, fillet as per Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary (प्रतिसरया तुरगाणां भल्लातकशालि- कुण्ठसिद्धार्थं कण्ठेषु निवघ्नीयात् - pratisarayā turagāṇāṃ bhallātakaśāli- kuṇṭhasiddhārthaṃ kaṇṭheṣu nivaghnīyāt). In ritual thread context refers to an “amulet-cord”, according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection. Accordingly, [As the afflicted Nāgas said to Bhagavān]: “[...] However, O Bhagavān, from today on I make a vow in the presence of the Tathāgata. Wherever this spell-holder king will circulate, there, O Bhagavān, the Nāgas will not make calamities again. Wherever this heart-dhāraṇī is used for protection, [there is] rescue, shelter, safeguard and the sealing of the boundaries and sealing of the maṇḍala. Where an amulet-cord (pratisarā) is made, for that person, O Bhagavān, we will constantly ward off all calamities”. A Hindu Bride holding a kalasha . A red colored kautuka is visible on the neck of the vessel. A pratisara or kautuka serves a ritual role in Hinduism (/wiki/Hinduism) , and is tied by the priest or oldest family member on the wrist of a devotee, patron, loved one or around items such as kalasha or lota (vessel) for a rite-of-passage or yajna (/wiki/Yajna) ritual. [2] (#cite_note-Yim2008p53-2) [6] (#cite_note-6) It is the woven thread in the pooja thali . It is typically colored a shade of red, sometimes orange, saffron, yellow or is a mixture of these colors. [3] (#cite_note-gonda145-3) [7] (#cite_note-7) [1] (#cite_note-A2010-1) However, it may also be white or wreathe or just stalks of a grass of the types found in other cultures and believed to offer similar apotropaic (/wiki/Apotropaic_magic) value. [3] (#cite_note-gonda145-3) It is typically tied to the wrist or worn like a necklace, but occasionally it may be worn in conjunction with a headband or turban-like gear. [3] (#cite_note-gonda145-3) Similar threads are tied to various items and the neck of vessels during a Hindu puja ceremony. [8] (#cite_note-8) The ritual thread is traditionally worn on the right wrist or arm by the males and on the left by the females. This thread also plays a role in certain familial and marital ceremonies. For example, a red or golden or similarly colored thread is offered by a sister to her brother at Raksha Bandhan (/wiki/Raksha_Bandhan) . This thread, states the Indologist Jack Goody, is at once a "protection against misfortune for the brother, a symbol of mutual dependence between the sister and brother, and a mark of mutual respect". [9] (#cite_note-Goody1990p223-9) In a Hindu marriage ceremony, this thread is referred to as kautuka in ancient Sanskrit texts. [3] (#cite_note-gonda145-3) It is tied to both the bride and the groom, as well as household items such as grinding stone, clay pots and fertility symbols. [2] (#cite_note-Yim2008p53-2) In South India, it is the priest who ties the kaapu (kautuka) on the groom's wrist, while the groom ties the colored thread on the bride's wrist as a part of the wedding rituals. [4] (#cite_note-yuko1996p419-4) In regional Vaishnavism (/wiki/Vaishnavism) tradition of Hinduism such as those found in Maharashtra (/wiki/Maharashtra) , the red-colored thread symbolizes Vishnu for men, and Lakshmi for women, states the Indologist Gudrun Bühnemann (/wiki/Gudrun_B%C3%BChnemann) . The string typically has no knots or fourteen knots and it is tied to the wrist of the worshipper or garlanded as a necklace. If worn by the wife, it is without knots and is identified with Lakshmi-doraka or Anantī. To the husband, the thread has knots and it symbolizes Ananta (Vishnu). [10] (#cite_note-10) The Shaivism (/wiki/Shaivism) tradition of Hinduism similarly deploys auspicious kautuka ( pratisara ) threads in puja and consecration rituals. For example, during temple construction and worship rituals, the shilpa Sanskrit texts recommend that the first bricks and the Shiva linga (/wiki/Linga) be ritually tied with red-, golden-, saffron- or similarly hued threads. [11] (#cite_note-anna2007p69-11) The Shaiva temple architecture texts generally use the term kautuka for this auspicious thread, while Vaishnava texts refer to it as pratisara . [11] (#cite_note-anna2007p69-11) The raksasutra ( kautuka , pratisara ) is also a part of festive ceremonies and processions, where the protective thread is tied to the wrist of festival icons and human participants. It is mentioned in verses 27.206-207 of the Ajitagama , states the Indologist Richard Davis. [1] (#cite_note-A2010-1) Some Hindu texts mention these threads to be a part of the rakshabandhana rite for a temple procession and festive celebrations, recommending woven gold, silver or cotton threads, with some texts specifying the number of threads in a kautuka . [1] (#cite_note-A2010-1) In Jainism (/wiki/Jainism) , protective threads with amulets are called raksapotli . Typically red and worn of the wrist, they may sometimes come with a rolled up red fabric that has been blessed by a Jain mendicant using mantras , according to the Indologist M. Whitney Kelting. [12] (#cite_note-Kelting2009p45-12) If worn on the neck, states Kelting, the Jain tradition names the protective amulet after the Jain deity whose blessing is believed to be tied into the knot. The ritual significance of a protective thread between the sisters and brothers as well as during Jain weddings is similar to those in Hinduism. [12] (#cite_note-Kelting2009p45-12) See also [ edit ] Red string (Kabbalah) (/wiki/Red_string_(Kabbalah)) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d Richard H. Davis (2010). A Priest's Guide for the Great Festival: Aghoraśivācārya Mahotsavavidhi . Oxford University Press. pp. 61–62, 67–68, 99–100 with footnotes 131 and 132. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-19-537852-8 . ^ a b c Colleen M. Yim (2008). Veiled Gurus: A Hindu Mother's Experiential Involvement in Religious Knowledge Transmission . University Press of America. pp. 53–57, 64. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7618-3775-6 . ^ a b c d e f Jan Gonda (1980). Handbuch Der Orientalistik: Vedic Rituals . BRILL Academic. pp. 145–146. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-90-04-06210-8 . ^ a b Yuko Nishimura (1996). "South Indian Wedding Rituals. A Comparison of Gender Hierarchy". Anthropos . 91 (Bd. 91, H. 4/6): 411–423. JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 40464498 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/40464498) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) | url = https://biblehub.com/genesis/38-28.htm (https://biblehub.com/genesis/38-28.htm) | ^ (#cite_ref-6) Ashis Nandy (1998). Exiled at Home: Comprising, At the Edge of Psychology, The Intimate Enemy, Creating a Nationality . Oxford University Press. p. 126. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-19-564177-6 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Ajay Mitra Shastri (1969). India as seen in the Bṛhatsaṁhitā of Varāhamihira . Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 178–179. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780896842212 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Shovana Narayan (2007). Meandering Pastures of Memories . Macmillan. p. 33. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4039-3102-3 . ^ (#cite_ref-Goody1990p223_9-0) Jack Goody (1990). The Oriental, the Ancient and the Primitive: Systems of Marriage and the Family in the Pre-Industrial Societies of Eurasia . Cambridge University Press. pp. 222 (https://archive.org/details/orientalancientp0000good/page/222) –223. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-521-36761-5 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Gudrun Bühnemann (1988). Pūjā: A Study in Smārta Ritual . Brill. pp. 223–234. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-3-900271-18-3 . ^ a b Anna Aleksandra Ślączka (2007). Temple Consecration Rituals in Ancient India: Text and Archaeology . BRILL Academic. pp. 69–70. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-90-04-15843-6 . ^ a b M. Whitney Kelting (2009). Heroic Wives Rituals, Stories and the Virtues of Jain Wifehood . Oxford University Press. pp. 45–47, 190 with notes 20, 21. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-19-973679-9 . 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French fashion retailer Colette Company type high fashion, streetwear and accessories retailer Industry fashion Founded 1997 Founder Colette Roussaux Defunct December 2017 Headquarters Paris , France The shop exterior in 2012 Colette was a French (/wiki/List_of_French_companies) high fashion, streetwear, and accessory (/wiki/Fashion_accessories) retailer (/wiki/Retail) . [1] (#cite_note-1) The three floor 8,000 square feet (740 m 2 ) concept store (/wiki/Concept_store) [2] (#cite_note-2) was located in Paris (/wiki/Paris) and contained an exhibition space (/wiki/Art_exhibition) , bookshop, and a "water bar" serving more than 100 brands of bottled water (/wiki/Bottled_water) . It closed permanently in December 2017. [3] (#cite_note-Jian_DeLeon-3) Colette's logo (/wiki/Logo) was two blue dots. [4] (#cite_note-4) History [ edit ] The boutique was founded in 1997 by Colette Roussaux; her daughter, Sarah Andelman, took an active role as creative director (/wiki/Creative_director) and purchasing manager in the store's final years. [5] (#cite_note-End_of_an_Era-5) Esquire (/wiki/Esquire_(magazine)) called the store "like Kith (/wiki/Ronnie_Fieg) , Bergdorf Goodman (/wiki/Bergdorf_Goodman) , and Opening Ceremony (/wiki/Opening_Ceremony_(brand)) all rolled into one." [6] (#cite_note-6) The store did €32 million in sales revenue (/wiki/Revenue) in 2016, [3] (#cite_note-Jian_DeLeon-3) with e-commerce (/wiki/E-commerce) accounting for 25% of revenue. [7] (#cite_note-like_a_baby-7) In December 2005, Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) described Colette as“the trendiest store in the world”. [8] (#cite_note-8) Brands [ edit ] An assortment of t-shirts (/wiki/T-shirt) on sale at Colette The shop was known for stocking the first collections of fashion brands and designers that became famous later such as Jeremy Scott (/wiki/Jeremy_Scott) , Raf Simons (/wiki/Raf_Simons) , Proenza Schouler (/wiki/Proenza_Schouler) , Rodarte (/wiki/Rodarte) , Mary Katrantzou (/wiki/Mary_Katrantzou) , Sacai (/wiki/Sacai) , Simone Rocha, Christopher Kane (/wiki/Christopher_Kane) and Olympia Le Tan. [9] (#cite_note-9) Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) and Pharrell Williams (/wiki/Pharrell_Williams) , among others, have been hosted by Colette in pop-up shops (/wiki/Pop-up_shop) . [10] (#cite_note-10) Reputation [ edit ] Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) said of Colette: "It’s the only shop where I go because they have things no one else has. I buy watches, telephones, jewellery there - everything really. They have invented a formula that you can’t copy easily, because there is only one Colette and her and Sarah are 200 percent involved." [11] (#cite_note-Scarlett_Conlon-11) Closure [ edit ] In July 2017, it announced its impending closure in December 2017. [11] (#cite_note-Scarlett_Conlon-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) Osman Ahmed of Business of Fashion called it "the end of an era". [5] (#cite_note-End_of_an_Era-5) Sarah Andelman said they chose to close the business rather than sell it because "it was like a baby for us" and "if someone else ran it, it would not be the same." [7] (#cite_note-like_a_baby-7) The location is now a boutique of Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(fashion_house)) - Rive Droite. [14] (#cite_note-14) See also [ edit ] 10 Corso Como (/wiki/10_Corso_Como) Dover Street Market (/wiki/Dover_Street_Market) Bergdorf Goodman (/wiki/Bergdorf_Goodman) Barneys New York (/wiki/Barneys_New_York) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) article about colette's 10th anniversary (http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/03/26/news/fcolette.php) International Herald Tribune (/wiki/International_Herald_Tribune) 2007/03/26 ^ (#cite_ref-2) Vergani, Guido (ed), (2007), Fashion Dictionary, New York: Baldini Castoldi Dalai Editore ^ a b Jian DeLeon, Fashion Industry Insiders React to colette Shutting Its Doors (http://www.highsnobiety.com/2017/07/13/colette-closing-fashion-industry-reactions/) highsnobiety.com 2017/07/13 ^ (#cite_ref-4) Angela Doland, RIP Colette: Lessons From the Paris Boutique's Coolest, Craziest Brand Collaborations (http://adage.com/article/creativity/rip-colette-paris-boutique-s-coolest-craziest-brand-collaborations/309752/) AdAge (/wiki/AdAge) , July 14, 2017 ^ a b Osman Ahmed, The End of an Era: Colette to Close Its Doors: Colette, the Parisian boutique and longstanding temple of cool, is closing down after 20 years. Saint Laurent is currently in discussions to take over its Rue Saint-Honoré location. (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/news-analysis/colette-to-close-after-20-years) Business of Fashion JULY 12, 2017 ^ (#cite_ref-6) SCOTT CHRISTIAN, One of the Coolest Fashion Stores on the Planet Will Soon Be Closing: Legendary Parisian shop Colette is shutting its doors in December. (http://www.esquire.com/style/mens-fashion/news/a56279/colette-paris-fashion-store-closing/) Esquire JUL 12, 2017 ^ a b Elizabeth Paton and Vanessa Friedman, Colette, Paris Fashion Destination, Is to Close in December (https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/12/fashion/colette-paris-sarah-andelman.html) The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) July 12, 2017 ^ (#cite_ref-8) Greenwald, Michelle. "Colette: Still The Trendiest Store In The World After 18 Years" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/michellegreenwald/2015/12/01/colette-still-the-trendiest-store-in-the-world-after-18-years/#719ed637b6b0) . Forbes . Retrieved 2017-10-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) ELLIE PITHERS, Why We'll Miss Colette: Fashion features editor Ellie Pithers pays tribute to the first Paris pit-stop on the Vogue editors' Fashion Week schedules (https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/why-we-will-miss-paris-boutique-colette) Vogue , 12 July 2017 ^ (#cite_ref-10) Andrea Cheng, Colette Closing: Why, Days Later, Pop Culture is Still Reeling (http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/lifestyle/7866094/colette-closing-why-pop-culture-is-still-reeling) Billboard 7/14/2017 ^ a b Scarlett Conlon, Colette Paris To Close Its Doors (https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/colette-paris-to-close-its-doors) Vogue , 12 July 2017 ^ (#cite_ref-12) Condé Nast Traveler (/wiki/Cond%C3%A9_Nast_Traveler) , Paris's Colette to Close Its Doors (http://www.cntraveler.com/story/paris-colette-to-close-its-doors) Lale Arikoglu, July 12, 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-13) (in French) ANNONCE SPECIALE (http://www.colette.fr/events/1997-2017/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170715191635/http://www.colette.fr/events/1997-2017) 2017-07-15 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) 12 juillet 2017 ^ (#cite_ref-14) Saint Laurent - Rive Droite (https://www.ysl.com/en-fr/storelocator/paris-ruesainthonor%C3%A9-rivedroite) External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.colette.fr) WikiMiniAtlas 48°51′55″N 2°19′51″E  /  48.86528°N 2.33083°E  / 48.86528; 2.33083 NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐dfb86547b‐smtkl Cached time: 20240710164338 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.396 seconds Real time usage: 0.510 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1487/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 10992/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 831/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 14273/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.269/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 17548372/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 471.937 1 -total 46.62% 220.008 1 Template:Reflist 26.12% 123.287 1 Template:Infobox_company 22.95% 108.306 1 Template:Infobox 20.64% 97.405 1 Template:In_lang 20.03% 94.506 1 Template:Cite_news 13.82% 65.212 1 Template:Short_description 8.01% 37.817 2 Template:Pagetype 7.18% 33.897 1 Template:Convert 4.23% 19.981 6 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:12541440-0!canonical and timestamp 20240710164338 and revision id 1214017744. 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This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Jeep_cap) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Jeep cap" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Jeep+cap%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Jeep+cap%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Jeep+cap%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Jeep+cap%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Jeep+cap%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Jeep+cap%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( November 2021 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Gary Burghoff as Radar O'Reilly (/wiki/Radar_O%27Reilly) in M*A*S*H (/wiki/M*A*S*H_(TV_series)) 1974 wearing a jeep cap, also called a Radar cap The jeep cap , sometimes referred to as the jeep hat , [1] (#cite_note-Life-1) originally the US Army (/wiki/US_Army) issued Cap, Wool, Knit, M1941 is a knit cap (/wiki/Knit_cap) with a short visor (/wiki/Sports_visor) made mostly from knitted (/wiki/Knitting) yarn (/wiki/Yarn) , originally wool (/wiki/Wool) , but now typically acrylic (/wiki/Acrylic_fiber) . Also sometimes referred to as a "skull cap" due to its popularity with skateboarders (/wiki/Skateboarder) (although the term " skullcap (/wiki/Skullcap_(disambiguation)) " is also used for a variety of completely different caps), or a "Radar cap" due to the cap being made famous by the character Radar O'Reilly (/wiki/Radar_O%27Reilly) from the hit US TV sitcom (/wiki/Sitcom) M*A*S*H (/wiki/M*A*S*H_(TV_series)) . Origin [ edit ] The "jeep cap" was first issued by the United States Army (/wiki/United_States_Army) in February 1942 during World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) ; [2] (#cite_note-2) the purpose of the jeep cap was to be worn underneath the heavy combat helmets to offer soldiers both extra padding and warmth. The jeep cap was originally knitted close to the head, with a six-stitch "starfish pattern" on top (supposedly to support the webbing suspension inside the helmets), with a cuff coming out like a V from the top center of the brim and around the rest of the cap, which soldiers could pull down over their ears for even more warmth. The cap was issued in four different sizes – small, medium, large, and extra large – and made of olive drab (/wiki/Olive_drab) wool; perfect examples of these original jeep caps can be found being worn by Staff Sergeant Kinchloe (/wiki/Hogan%27s_Heroes#Staff_Sergeant_Kinchloe) from the sitcom Hogan's Heroes (/wiki/Hogan%27s_Heroes) (he wore his with the brim folded up), and Radar O'Reilly from M*A*S*H (who was seldom seen without one). Another example of characters depicted wearing the cap is the WW2 movie Stalag 17 (/wiki/Stalag_17) . Although made specifically for wear under the steel pot helmet, the cap alone grew to be very popular with soldiers for its casual and relaxed look and was often worn on its own, especially on night patrols. The cap was usually only issued to enlisted men, however, officers (General Patton in particular) despised the cap for its "slovenly" and "un-military" look and ordered wear of the cap without helmet to be banned and punished by a fine, with General Patton personally pulling them off a soldier's head. [3] (#cite_note-3) [ full citation needed ] [4] (#cite_note-4) [ full citation needed ] The cap was eventually phased out and replaced with the standardized "Cap, Field, Cotton, O.D., With Visor" as part of the newer, layered U.S. Army M-1943 Uniform (/wiki/U.S._Army_M-1943_Uniform) , although it continued in use until the end of the war. Authentic government issued [ edit ] The jeep cap has been continuously manufactured for the U.S. Army, however, many significant changes have been made to the cap since the original issue. The cap is now knitted very loose and deep so it can be pulled down even lower over a soldier's head and ears for more warmth (the cuff does not necessarily have to be pulled down to achieve this), and instead of the old six-stitch "starfish pattern" on top, it now features a simple, more modern four-stitch topping. The cuff is now knitted completely around the entire cap, rather than coming out like a V at the center of the brim. Modern yarns are elastic enough that they are "one-size-fits-all". Another significant change that has been made is that the cap is now manufactured in a much deeper shade of olive drab, but is also available in navy blue, and black. Probably the only thing that is the same about these and the original jeep caps are the short brims, and that they are made from knitted wool. Today's model are labeled "Cap, Knit Watch RN-93084". Imitations [ edit ] Due to the rising popularity of the jeep cap, various sports companies, such as Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) , manufacture their own version of the jeep caps: these are generally made to resemble the one issued by the government, but are made cheaply out of acrylic, rather than wool, and are also manufactured in an endless variety of commercial colors, and some cases, also have embroidery (/wiki/Embroidery) designs on them; Wal-Mart (/wiki/Wal-Mart) even stocks jeep caps that have brown brims and cuffs, and a camouflage (/wiki/Camouflage) cap made from fleece. These are also manufactured in "one-size-fits-all", but in most cases, because of their tighter knit, they are labeled "one size fits most". These caps are usually found in department stores as seasonal items (for autumn and winter), or sporting goods stores and stores that sell outdoor clothing. Exact and near-exact reproduction jeep caps are also manufactured by various companies for the reenactment (/wiki/Historical_reenactment) and living history (/wiki/Living_history) communities. Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Life_1-0) "The Johnny Jeep Hat: The Army fatigue hat inspires a new fashion fad" (https://books.google.com/books?id=fk4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA104) . Life (/wiki/Life_(magazine)) . 24 August 1942. pp. 104–105 . Retrieved 29 June 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "WW II Wool Knit Caps" (http://olive-drab.com/od_soldiers_clothing_combat_ww2_caps_wool_knit.php) . Olive-Drab.com . 2014 . Retrieved July 30, 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) p. 85 Bradley, Omar M. The War America Fought LIFE 9 April 1951 - Vol. 30, No. 15 ^ (#cite_ref-4) p. 255 Lande, D. A. I Was with Patton Zenith Imprint External links [ edit ] http://www.olive-drab.com/od_soldiers_clothing_combat_ww2_caps_wool_knit.php (http://www.olive-drab.com/od_soldiers_clothing_combat_ww2_caps_wool_knit.php) v t e Hats (/wiki/Hat) and caps (/wiki/Cap) List of hat styles (/wiki/List_of_hat_styles) Western (/wiki/Western_culture) culture (/wiki/Western_culture) Formal (/wiki/Formal_wear) Cartwheel (/wiki/Cartwheel_hat) Cloche (/wiki/Cloche_hat) Cocktail (/wiki/Cocktail_hat) Doll (/wiki/Doll_hat) Draped turban (/wiki/Draped_turban) Eugénie (/wiki/Eug%C3%A9nie_hat) Fascinator (/wiki/Fascinator) Half (/wiki/Half_hat) Halo (/wiki/Halo_hat) Juliet (/wiki/Juliet_cap) Mushroom (/wiki/Mushroom_hat) Lampshade (/wiki/Lampshade_hat) Picture (/wiki/Picture_hat) Peach (/wiki/Peach_basket_hat) Pillbox (/wiki/Pillbox_hat) Tam (/wiki/Tam_cap) Top (/wiki/Top_hat) Opera (/wiki/Opera_hat) Semi-formal (/wiki/Semi-formal_wear) Homburg (/wiki/Homburg_hat) Anthony Eden (/wiki/Anthony_Eden_hat) Boater 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Filipino fashion designer Salvacion Lim Higgins Born ( 1920-01-28 ) January 28, 1920 Legazpi, Albay (/wiki/Legazpi,_Albay) , Insular Government of the Philippine Islands (/wiki/Insular_Government_of_the_Philippine_Islands) . U.S. Died September 15, 1990 (1990-09-15) (aged 70) San Francisco (/wiki/San_Francisco) , California (/wiki/California) , U.S. Alma mater University of Santo Tomas (/wiki/University_of_Santo_Tomas) Traphagen School of Fashion (/wiki/Traphagen_School_of_Fashion) Spouse Hubbert Higgins Children 2 Awards Order of National Artists of the Philippines (/wiki/Order_of_National_Artists_of_the_Philippines) Salvacion Lim-Higgins (January 28, 1920 – September 15, 1990), also known professionally as Slim , was a Filipino fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_design) known for her haute couture (/wiki/Haute_couture) . She is considered by many Filipino culture critics to be the mother of the modern terno (/wiki/Maria_Clara_gown) . In 2022, she was named a National Artist of the Philippines (/wiki/National_Artist_of_the_Philippines) , being the second fashion designer to receive the distinction following her contemporary Ramon Valera (/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Valera) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Early life and education [ edit ] Salvacion Lim-Higgins was born on January 28, 1920, to Luis Samson Lim Katiam and Margarita Navera Diaz. [2] (#cite_note-dame-2) Her father was a Chinese immigrant who was involved in the ship chandler (/wiki/Ship_chandler) industry while her mother was a housewife. [3] (#cite_note-tatler-3) Salvacion had six other siblings. [2] (#cite_note-dame-2) A native of Legazpi (/wiki/Legazpi_City) , [2] (#cite_note-dame-2) Lim went to Manila to study fine arts at the University of Santo Tomas (/wiki/University_of_Santo_Tomas) (UST) and aimed to be a painter. [3] (#cite_note-tatler-3) She had Botong Francisco (/wiki/Botong_Francisco) as her mentor in UST. [4] (#cite_note-centernary-4) Her studies was disrupted by World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) . [2] (#cite_note-dame-2) She would later enroll at the Traphagen School of Design in New York before returning to the Philippines in 1952. [2] (#cite_note-dame-2) Career [ edit ] World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) led her to pursue a more practical career in fashion design. After the end of the war, while waiting for school to resume, she sent sketches of her fashion design to the Manila Times (/wiki/Manila_Times) , and began going by the trade name "Slim". Along with her elder sister Purificacion and family friend Consuelo Barberan, Slim would set up a fashion design shop in Manila (/wiki/Malate,_Manila) in 1947 which later moved along to what is now Taft Avenue (/wiki/Taft_Avenue) . [2] (#cite_note-dame-2) Slim, would be heavily influenced by Hollywood (/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States) culture of the 1950s and 1960s and would frequent Europe and New York to study fashion collections, learn techniques, and buy designer clothes (/wiki/Designer_clothes) to further improve her craft. [3] (#cite_note-tatler-3) In 1960, Slim and Purificacion founded the Slim's Fashion and Art school, the first fashion school in the Philippines. [4] (#cite_note-centernary-4) [2] (#cite_note-dame-2) [5] (#cite_note-5) Slim briefly retired to become a housewife after getting married in the 1960s but came out of retirement in the mid-1970s. She would open her second shop along Amorsolo Street (/wiki/Amorsolo_Street) . [3] (#cite_note-tatler-3) Illness and death [ edit ] Lim would be diagnosed with lung cancer (/wiki/Lung_cancer) in the mid-1980s despite being a non-smoker. [3] (#cite_note-tatler-3) She died on September 15, 1990. [2] (#cite_note-dame-2) Legacy [ edit ] Lim would be known for reinventing the terno (/wiki/Maria_Clara_gown) . [4] (#cite_note-centernary-4) She was posthumously recognized as a National Artist of the Philippines (/wiki/National_Artist_of_the_Philippines) in June 2022. [6] (#cite_note-6) Personal life [ edit ] Lim was married to Hubert Higgins, an Irish (/wiki/Irish_people) expatriate (/wiki/Expatriate) in the Philippines, with whom they had two children. They married in 1960 when Lim was 40 years old and Higgins was 47. [3] (#cite_note-tatler-3) [7] (#cite_note-7) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Garcia, Joseph (June 13, 2022). "Fashion designer Salvacion Lim Higgins named National Artist" (https://www.bworldonline.com/arts-and-leisure/2022/06/13/454287/fashion-designer-salvacion-lim-higgins-named-national-artist/) . BusinessWorld (/wiki/BusinessWorld) . ^ a b c d e f g h "Dame of Philippine couture" (http://varsitarian.net/news/20100126/dame_of_philippine_couture) . Varsitarian . January 26, 2010 . Retrieved June 12, 2022 . ^ a b c d e f Enriquez, Marge C. "From The Archives: The Life And Times Of Salvacion Lim Higgins" (https://www.tatlerasia.com/style/fashion/the-life-and-times-of-salvacion-lim-higgins) . Tatler Asia . Tatler Asia Ltd. ^ a b c "On her 100th birth year, Salvacion Lim Higgins' legacy lives on" (https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/355952/on-her-100th-birth-year-salvacion-lim-higgins-legacy-lives-on/) . Inquirer Lifestyle . Philippine Daily Inquirer. January 24, 2020 . Retrieved June 12, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Moral, Cheche (December 1, 2017). "Millennials Channel Salvacion Lim Higgins Via Slim's" (https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/philippine-daily-inquirer-1109/20171201/282488594050931) . Philippine Daily Inquirer . Retrieved June 12, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Nora Aunor, Ricky Lee, Tony Mabesa among 8 new National Artists" (https://www.rappler.com/life-and-style/arts-culture/national-artists-philippines-2022/) . Rappler . June 10, 2022 . Retrieved June 12, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Jamora-Garceau, Therese (July 27, 2019). "In the studio with Mark Higgins: Mixing history with fun and vibrant colors" (https://www.philstar.com/lifestyle/modern-living/2019/07/27/1938096/studio-mark-higgins-mixing-history-fun-and-vibrant-colors) . The Philippine Star . Retrieved June 12, 2022 . v t e National Artists of the Philippines (/wiki/National_Artist_of_the_Philippines) Pambansang Alagad ng Sining ng Pilipinas Architecture 1973 Juan Nakpil (/wiki/Juan_Nakpil) 1976 Pablo Antonio (/wiki/Pablo_Antonio) 1990 Leandro Locsin (/wiki/Leandro_Locsin) 2006 Ildefonso P. Santos Jr. (/wiki/Ildefonso_P._Santos_Jr.) 2014 José María Zaragoza (/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Zaragoza) 2018 Francisco Mañosa (/wiki/Francisco_Ma%C3%B1osa) Dance 1973 Francisca R. 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French billionaire heir and business executive Axel Dumas Born ( 1970-07-03 ) 3 July 1970 (age 54) Neuilly-sur-Seine (/wiki/Neuilly-sur-Seine) , France Alma mater Paris-Sorbonne University (/wiki/Paris-Sorbonne_University) Sciences Po (/wiki/Sciences_Po) Harvard Business School (/wiki/Harvard_Business_School) Occupation Businessman Title CEO, Hermès (/wiki/Herm%C3%A8s) Term February 2014- Predecessor Patrick Thomas (/wiki/Patrick_Thomas_(businessman)) Spouse Elisabeth Franck Relatives Jean-Louis Dumas (/wiki/Jean-Louis_Dumas) (uncle) Pierre-Alexis Dumas (/wiki/Pierre-Alexis_Dumas) (cousin) Axel Dumas (born 3 July 1970) is a French billionaire heir and business executive. He is the chief executive officer (CEO) of Hermès (/wiki/Herm%C3%A8s) , and a sixth-generation member of the Hermès-Dumas family. Early life [ edit ] Axel Dumas was born on 3 July 1970 in Neuilly-sur-Seine (/wiki/Neuilly-sur-Seine) near Paris. [1] (#cite_note-lechohermesne-1) [2] (#cite_note-lemondeuniederriere-2) His ancestor five times removed, Thierry Hermès (/wiki/Thierry_Herm%C3%A8s) , was a German French immigrant who founded Hermès in 1837. [3] (#cite_note-ftlunchwithaxeldumas-3) [4] (#cite_note-fthermescountson-4) His paternal uncle, Jean-Louis Dumas (/wiki/Jean-Louis_Dumas) , was the CEO of Hermès. [5] (#cite_note-ftnamedashermeschief-5) His father, Olivier Dumas (/w/index.php?title=Olivier_Dumas&action=edit&redlink=1) , is a physician and the author of many articles about Jules Verne (/wiki/Jules_Verne) . [6] (#cite_note-parismatchsuccession-6) His mother died in 2003. [2] (#cite_note-lemondeuniederriere-2) His cousin, Pierre-Alexis Dumas (/wiki/Pierre-Alexis_Dumas) , is Hermes's artistic director. [7] (#cite_note-wmagamanwithaclan-7) He is a sixth-generation member of the Hermès-Dumas family. [8] (#cite_note-Business_of_Fashion-8) Dumas earned a bachelor's degree in Philosophy from Paris-Sorbonne University (/wiki/Paris-Sorbonne_University) and a master of Laws. [2] (#cite_note-lemondeuniederriere-2) He graduated from Sciences Po (/wiki/Sciences_Po) , [2] (#cite_note-lemondeuniederriere-2) and he attended an executive program at the Harvard Business School (/wiki/Harvard_Business_School) . [6] (#cite_note-parismatchsuccession-6) Career [ edit ] Dumas was an investment banker for Paribas (/wiki/Paribas) in Beijing (/wiki/Beijing) , China from 1995 to 1997, in Paris from 1997 to 1999, and in New York City from 1999 to 2003. [2] (#cite_note-lemondeuniederriere-2) [4] (#cite_note-fthermescountson-4) Dumas joined Hermès as an auditor in 2003. [2] (#cite_note-lemondeuniederriere-2) [4] (#cite_note-fthermescountson-4) He became the CEO of its jewellery division in 2006, and the CEO of its leather goods division in 2008. [2] (#cite_note-lemondeuniederriere-2) [4] (#cite_note-fthermescountson-4) He was appointed as chief operating officer and joint CEO of the company alongside Patrick Thomas (/wiki/Patrick_Thomas_(businessman)) in June 2012, [9] (#cite_note-voguehermesmoves-9) and he succeeded Thomas as CEO in February 2014. [5] (#cite_note-ftnamedashermeschief-5) [7] (#cite_note-wmagamanwithaclan-7) Personal life [ edit ] Dumas is married to Elisabeth Franck (/w/index.php?title=Elisabeth_Franck&action=edit&redlink=1) , a journalist for Libération (/wiki/Lib%C3%A9ration) . [10] (#cite_note-acrimedreymondliberationmodedemploi-10) With his family, Dumas is an heir to a 30 billion € fortune, making them France's third richest family as of 2017. [11] (#cite_note-challengesles500plusdumas-11) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-lechohermesne_1-0) "Avec Axel Dumas, Hermès ne connaît pas la crise" (https://www.lecho.be/dossier/portraits/Avec-Axel-Dumas-Hermes-ne-connait-pas-la-crise/9875594) . L'Echo . 23 March 2017 . Retrieved 9 February 2018 . ^ a b c d e f g Vulser, Nicole (3 June 2016). "La famille Hermès unie derrière Axel Dumas pour contrer LVMH" (http://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2013/06/03/la-famille-hermes-unie-derriere-axel-dumas-pour-contrer-lvmh_3422793_3234.html) . Le Monde . Retrieved 9 February 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-ftlunchwithaxeldumas_3-0) Ellison, Jo (27 March 2015). "Lunch with the FT: Axel Dumas" (https://www.ft.com/content/75d8a0da-d228-11e4-a225-00144feab7de) . Financial Times . Retrieved 9 February 2018 . ^ a b c d Thomson, Adam (4 March 2014). "Hermès counts on Axel Dumas to guard family business" (https://www.ft.com/content/95a97a22-a39b-11e3-88b0-00144feab7de) . Financial Times . Retrieved 9 February 2018 . ^ a b Daneshkhu, Scheherazade (29 May 2012). "Axel Dumas named as Hermès chief" (https://www.ft.com/content/84a241fc-a977-11e1-9772-00144feabdc0) . Financial Times . Retrieved 9 February 2018 . ^ a b Gröndahl, Marie-Pierre (22 April 2013). "Succession chez Hermès Axel Dumas bien en selle" (http://www.parismatch.com/Actu/Economie/Succession-chez-Hermes-Axel-Dumas-bien-en-selle-508757) . Paris Match . Retrieved 9 February 2018 . ^ a b Bagley, Christopher (19 August 2014). "Axel Dumas: A Man With a Clan" (https://www.wmagazine.com/story/axel-dumas-hermes-ceo) . W Magazine . Retrieved 9 February 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-Business_of_Fashion_8-0) "Axel Dumas: Chief Executive, Hermès" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/community/people/axel-dumas) . Business of Fashion . Retrieved 12 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-voguehermesmoves_9-0) Milligan, Lauren (29 May 2012). "Hermès Moves" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/new-hermes-ceo-axel-dumas-patrick-thomas-retiring) . Vogue . Retrieved 9 February 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-acrimedreymondliberationmodedemploi_10-0) Reymond, Mathias (11 December 2013). "Libération, mode d'emploi (2) : une dérive managériale et une déroute commerciale" (http://www.acrimed.org/Liberation-mode-d-emploi-2-une-derive-manageriale) . ACRIMED (/w/index.php?title=ACRIMED&action=edit&redlink=1) . Retrieved 9 February 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-challengesles500plusdumas_11-0) "Les 500 plus grandes fortunes de France en 2017: Axel Dumas et famille Hermès" (https://www.challenges.fr/classements/fortune/2017/fiche/axel-dumas-et-famille-hermes_3) . Challenges . Retrieved 9 February 2018 . [ permanent dead link ] This French business–related biographical article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Footwear accessories (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Footwear_accessories) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐pnpwz Cached time: 20240720211603 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.052 seconds Real time usage: 0.075 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 126/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2575/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 365/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1202/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.029/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 946175/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 68.686 1 Template:Commons_cat 100.00% 68.686 1 -total 94.89% 65.174 1 Template:Sister_project 92.53% 63.558 1 Template:Side_box 8.55% 5.875 1 Template:Replace Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:9915030-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720211603 and revision id 547468126. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has only the following subcategory. S Shoe polish (/wiki/Category:Shoe_polish) ‎ (6 P) Pages in category "Footwear accessories" The following 29 pages are in this category, out of 29 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Aglet (/wiki/Aglet) Anklet (/wiki/Anklet) C Cleat (shoe) (/wiki/Cleat_(shoe)) Comparison of orthotics (/wiki/Comparison_of_orthotics) Crampons (/wiki/Crampons) D Deubré (/wiki/Deubr%C3%A9) Dubbin (/wiki/Dubbin) F Fluffy (footwear) (/wiki/Fluffy_(footwear)) Foot Levelers (/wiki/Foot_Levelers) G Gaiters (/wiki/Gaiters) Galoshes (/wiki/Galoshes) Greeper laces (/wiki/Greeper_laces) I Ice cleat (/wiki/Ice_cleat) L Lock Laces (/wiki/Lock_Laces) M Magnetic shoe closures (/wiki/Magnetic_shoe_closures) O Odor-Eaters (/wiki/Odor-Eaters) P Patten (shoe) (/wiki/Patten_(shoe)) S Shinola (/wiki/Shinola) Shoe buckle (/wiki/Shoe_buckle) Shoe insert (/wiki/Shoe_insert) Shoe polish (/wiki/Shoe_polish) Shoe tree (device) (/wiki/Shoe_tree_(device)) Shoehorn (/wiki/Shoehorn) Shoelaces (/wiki/Shoelaces) Snowskates (/wiki/Snowskates) Sock (/wiki/Sock) SOL3 (/wiki/SOL3) Spats (footwear) (/wiki/Spats_(footwear)) Spur (/wiki/Spur) Media in category "Footwear accessories" This category contains only the following file. Deubre.png (/wiki/File:Deubre.png) 344 × 254; 143 KB esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Footwear_accessories&oldid=547468126 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Footwear_accessories&oldid=547468126) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Footwear (/wiki/Category:Footwear) Fashion accessories (/wiki/Category:Fashion_accessories) Hidden category: Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata)
Nigerian-Canadian fashion designer Dumebi Andrea Iyamah Born ( 1993-03-18 ) 18 March 1993 (age 31) Lagos (/wiki/Lagos) , Nigeria Other names Andrea Alma mater McMaster University (/wiki/McMaster_University) Occupation Fashion Designer (/wiki/Fashion_Designer) Known for Founder and head designer of Andrea Iyamah Parent(s) Andy Nkwor Iyamah, Onyi Iyamah Dumebi Andrea Iyamah (born 18 March 1993) is a Nigerian-Canadian fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_design) born and raised in Lagos (/wiki/Lagos) , Nigeria (/wiki/Nigeria) . She is the founder and CEO of the fashion label Andrea Iyamah that caters to bridal, swimwear and ready-to-wear lines. She is known for her take on women's fashion and swimwear, which has been worn by celebrities such as Michelle Obama (/wiki/Michelle_Obama) , Kate Hudson (/wiki/Kate_Hudson) , Gabrielle Union (/wiki/Gabrielle_Union) , Ciara (/wiki/Ciara) , and Issa Rae (/wiki/Issa_Rae) . [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Early life and education [ edit ] Iyamah was born in Lagos, to Andrew and Onyi Iyamah both of Ika ( Agbor (/wiki/Agbor) ) origin as the fourth of four children. She attended Grange School in Lagos (/wiki/Lagos) . [3] (#cite_note-auto-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) She holds a bachelor's degree in Communication and Multimedia from McMaster University (/wiki/McMaster_University) . She began her fashion brand in Ontario (/wiki/Ontario) Canada (/wiki/Canada) during her study at McMaster University (/wiki/McMaster_University) at the age of 17, she founded the fashion brand with the help and support of her family and close friends. [6] (#cite_note-6) Career [ edit ] Iyamah started building her fashion brand Andrea Iyamah at the age of 17. The headquarters of "Andrea Iyamah" is in Toronto (/wiki/Toronto) , with a flagship store in Lagos which was launched in 2017 [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) In her early days of blogging, she shared her works of art including fashion sketches, portrait drawings, and photography with the digital audience. One of her designs was featured in a popular blog post in 2011 which inspired the creation of "Andrea Iyamah." [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) She worked on her business while pursuing undergraduate studies, starting out with designing custom couture from clients. She refined the brand to diversify into three main streams, custom bridal, ready-to-wear and swim/resort wear. Officially launching a full swim collection in 2013, her work has garnered attention from press such as Vogue, Elle, Essence, Refinery29, HuffPost, Cosmopolitan and much more. [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) She has staged several fashion shows in Africa, Europe, France, and the United States [16] (#cite_note-16) with major celebrities such as Michelle Obama, Kate Hudson, Ciara, Gabrielle Union, Genevieve Nnaji (/wiki/Genevieve_Nnaji) among others wearing her designs. [17] (#cite_note-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) She showed her Spring/Summer 2020 line at Lagos Fashion Week 2019. [21] (#cite_note-21) Personal life [ edit ] Iyamah is the last child of four children born to Andrew and Onyi Iyamah. Her father was an engineer by education and her mother was a beautician who owned a hair salon, clothing boutique. At the time she was born, both parents were entrepreneurs, owning their businesses. At the tender age of 7, she lost her father and was raised by her mother. [22] (#cite_note-22) [3] (#cite_note-auto-3) Her sister, actress Somkele Iyamah (/wiki/Somkele_Iyamah) , is a director of the Andrea Iyamah fashion brand. [23] (#cite_note-23) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "About A.I" (https://www.andreaiyamah.com/pages/about-andrea-iyamah) . Andrea Iyamah . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Simon, Nila Do. "7 Swimsuit Brands to Have on Your Radar" (https://www.cntraveler.com/story/swimsuit-brands-to-have-on-your-radar) . Condé Nast Traveler . Retrieved 2020-10-01 . ^ a b "Designer Biography – Dumebi Iyamah Of Andrea Iyamah" (https://web.archive.org/web/20220215002536/https://onobello.com/designer-biography-dumebi-iyamah-of-andrea-iyamah/) . onobello.com . Archived from the original (http://onobello.com/designer-biography-dumebi-iyamah-of-andrea-iyamah/) on 2022-02-15 . Retrieved 2019-10-31 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Fashion Biz: Swimsuit Designer Andrea Iyamah" (https://www.ebony.com/style/fashion-biz-swimsuit-designer-andrea-iyamah-542/) . EBONY . August 2, 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Post" (https://gphilipdesign.wixsite.com/creative-pursuit/post/designer-spotlight-dumebi-iyamah) . Creative Pursuit . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Life, Experience and Edginess - We introduce Andrea Iyamah - DESIGNER" (https://web.archive.org/web/20210420010452/https://www.africafashionguide.com/life-experience-and-edginess-we-introduce-andrea-iyamah-designer/) . Africa Fashion Guide . August 22, 2014. Archived from the original (https://www.africafashionguide.com/life-experience-and-edginess-we-introduce-andrea-iyamah-designer/) on April 20, 2021 . Retrieved October 31, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Andrea Iyamah goes from strength to strength" (https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/fashion/designer-spotlight-andrea-iyamah-goes-from-strength-to-strength/jkbdtec) . www.pulse.ng . December 21, 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Genevieve Nnaji, Falana, Papa Omisore, More At Andrea Iyamah's Store Launch" (https://web.archive.org/web/20191226002633/https://acceleratetv.com/genevieve-nnaji-falz-more-at-andrea-iyamahs-store-launch/) . January 11, 2018. Archived from the original (https://acceleratetv.com/genevieve-nnaji-falz-more-at-andrea-iyamahs-store-launch/) on December 26, 2019 . Retrieved October 31, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Style, BellaNaija (January 10, 2018). "All That Happened at the Andrea Iyamah Store Launch in Lagos" (https://www.bellanaija.com/2018/01/andrea-iyamah-new-store-lagos/) . ^ (#cite_ref-10) O, Vickie (January 6, 2018). "Photos: The Andrea Iyamah Store Launches In Lagos!" (https://kamdora.com/2018/01/06/photos-the-andrea-iyamah-store-launches-in-lagos/) . [ permanent dead link ] ^ (#cite_ref-11) " (https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/fashion/andrea-iyamah-i-knew-fashion-was-something-i-always-wanted-to-do-fashion-designer/gv7945y) " I knew fashion was something I always wanted to do"- Fashion designer" (https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/fashion/andrea-iyamah-i-knew-fashion-was-something-i-always-wanted-to-do-fashion-designer/gv7945y) . www.pulse.ng . September 6, 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-12) Team, Blavity Engineering. "Blavity News & Politics" (https://blavity.com/22-modern-fashion-designers-who-are-black-dope-and-ruling-the-runway) . Blavity News & Politics . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Meet Andrea Iyamah | The Corporate Canvas" (https://web.archive.org/web/20191017150906/https://thecorporatecanvas.co.za/2015/10/05/meet-andrea-iyamah/) . Archived from the original (https://thecorporatecanvas.co.za/2015/10/05/meet-andrea-iyamah/) on 2019-10-17 . Retrieved 2019-10-31 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "ANDREA IYAMAH PRESS" (https://www.andreaiyamah.com/pages/press) . Andrea Iyamah . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Sowah, Chermaine (August 13, 2018). "3 West African Fashion Brands You Should Know" (https://web.archive.org/web/20210618144919/https://westafricancareers.com/3-west-african-fashion-brands-you-should-know/) . Archived from the original (http://westafricancareers.com/3-west-african-fashion-brands-you-should-know/) on June 18, 2021 . Retrieved October 31, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Andrea Iyamah's Fashion Showcase | DN-AFRICA Magazine" (https://www.dn-africa.com/news/20180521-andrea-iyamahs-fashion-showcase/) . DN AFRICA . May 21, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Andrea Iyamah" (https://www.facebook.com/AndreaIyamah/photos/a.218571028185222/2797479946960971/?type=3) . www.facebook.com . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Celebrity Spotted" (https://www.andreaiyamah.com/pages/celebrity-spotted) . Andrea Iyamah . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Gabrielle Union Rocks Nigeria's Andrea Iyamah Jumpsuit To Her TV Series Press Conference" (https://web.archive.org/web/20201031224517/https://acceleratetv.com/gabrielle-union-rocks-nigerias-andrea-iyamah-jumpsuit-to-her-tv-series-press-conference/) . April 23, 2019. Archived from the original (https://acceleratetv.com/gabrielle-union-rocks-nigerias-andrea-iyamah-jumpsuit-to-her-tv-series-press-conference/) on October 31, 2020 . Retrieved October 31, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "BN Collection to Closet: Genevieve Nnaji in Andrea Iyamah" (https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/02/bn-collection-to-closet-genevieve-nnaji-in-andrea-iyamah/) . February 22, 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Dumebi Iyamah Takes Us Through Her Brand's Butterfly-Inspired SS20 Collection" (https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/04/andrea-iyamah-founder-ss20-collection/) . BellaNaija . 2020-04-20. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200422004649/https://www.bellanaija.com/2020/04/andrea-iyamah-founder-ss20-collection/) from the original on 2020-04-22 . Retrieved 2020-10-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Somkele Iyamah biography, net worth, age, family, contact & picture" (https://www.manpower.com.ng/people/16139/somkele-iyamah) . www.manpower.com.ng . ^ (#cite_ref-23) Emeka (2017-10-05). "18 Things You May Not Know About Somkele Iyamah-Idhalama" (https://genevievemagazine.com/14-things-you-may-not-know-about-somkele-iyamah-idhalama/) . Genevieve Magazine . Retrieved 2020-10-02 . 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Pier59 Studios is a multimedia fashion studio, located at Chelsea Piers (/wiki/Chelsea_Piers) in New York City. At 110,000 square feet, it is considered to be the largest commercial photography/multimedia studio in the world. [ according to whom? ] [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) The studio was established in 1995 by its founder, Federico Pignatelli, with the goal of transforming the location into the premier studio in Chelsea, Manhattan. [10] (#cite_note-10) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Lockwood, Lisa (18 August 2015). "Pier59 Studios Reveals Spring Fashion Show Roster" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/pier59-studios-reveals-springsummer-fashion-show-roster-10203718/) . Women's Wear Daily . Fairchild Publishing LLC . Retrieved 29 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Shot Callers: Peerless Pier59 Gets Blog Happy" (https://www.interviewmagazine.com/fashion/pier-59-studios-blog-1) . Interview Magazine . New York, NY: Brant Publications, Inc. 31 May 2011 . Retrieved 29 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Lockwood, Lisa (13 December 2015). "Pier59 Gears Up for New York Fashion Week" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/designer-luxury/pier59-gears-up-new-york-fashion-week-10299778/) . Women's Wear Daily . Fairchild Publishing LLC . Retrieved 29 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Darcella, Aria (8 February 2020). "Tom Ford Takes L.A., Pier59 Sues Milk Studios" (https://fashionweekdaily.com/tom-ford-fall-2020-pier-59-milk-studios/) . The Daily Front Row . New York . Retrieved 29 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Fraser, Kristopher (7 October 2019). "Pier59 Studios Commits to Being Plastic Free" (https://fashionunited.com/news/fashion/pier59-studios-commits-to-being-plastic-free/2019100730302) . Fashion United . Retrieved 29 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Fougere, Debora (15 September 2020). "As Runway Shows Go Viral, the Venues That Once Hosted Them Sit Empty" (https://www.ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/news/2020/09/15/as-runway-shows-go-virtual--the-venues-that-once-hosted-them-sit-empty) . Spectrum News NY1 . New York City: Charter Communications . Retrieved 30 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Schonauer, David (July–August 1998). Schonauer, David (ed.). "The Futurist Now; Marco Glaviano's Multifaceted Photography" (https://books.google.com/books?id=2SkVdcAsOtUC&q=PIER59+STUDIOS) . American Photo Magazine . Vol. 9, no. 4. New York: Hachette Filipacchi Magazines, Inc. pp. 41, 44. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1046-8986 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1046-8986) . Retrieved 30 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Schonauer, David (May–June 1998). Schonauer, David (ed.). "The 100 Most Important People In Photography. 70: Marco Glaviano & Federico Pignatelli Studio Owners" (https://books.google.com/books?id=xGCjXTVpv-0C&q=Federico+Pignatelli&pg=PA76) . American Photo Magazine . Vol. 9, no. 3. New York: Hachette Filipacchi Magazines, Inc. p. 76. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1046-8986 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1046-8986) . Retrieved 30 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Jordan, Mary (16 June 2020). "5: "He wanted my number, but... I didn't give it to him" ". The Art of Her Deal: The Untold Story of Melania Trump (E-Book, Hardcover) . New York: Simon & Schuster. pp. 92–93, 112. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781982113421 . Retrieved 30 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "About" (https://www.pier59studios.com/about#:~:text=In%201995,%20Federico%20Pignatelli%20founded,in%20Manhattan%27s%20fashionable%20Chelsea%20district.) . www.pier59studios.com . Retrieved 2023-03-01 . This corporation or company article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Administrators: Please do not delete this category as empty! This category may be empty occasionally or even most of the time. This is a maintenance (/wiki/Wikipedia:Maintenance) category (/wiki/Help:Category) , used for maintenance of the Wikipedia project (/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization#Non-article_and_maintenance_categories) . It is not part of the encyclopedia and contains non-article pages (/wiki/Wikipedia:What_is_an_article%3F) , or groups articles by status rather than subject. Do not include this category in content categories. This is a tracking category (/wiki/Category:Tracking_categories) . It builds and maintains a list of pages primarily for the sake of the list itself. They are not part of the encyclopedia's categorization scheme (/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization) . This category is hidden (/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization#Hiding_categories) on its member pages (/wiki/Category:Hidden_categories) —unless the corresponding user preference (/wiki/Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering) (Appearance → Show hidden categories) is set. These categories can be used to track, build and organize lists of pages needing "attention en masse " (for example, pages using deprecated syntax), or that may need to be edited at someone's earliest convenience. These categories also serve to aggregate members of several lists or sub-categories into a larger, more efficient list ( discriminated by classifications ). This category contains pages transcluding Template:WikiProject Fashion (/wiki/Template:WikiProject_Fashion) ( talk (/wiki/Template_talk:WikiProject_Fashion) ) with unknown parameters (undefined, misspelled, etc.). Pages are typically sorted alphabetically by the unknown parameter that is used, e.g. pages using unknown parameter |foo= will be sorted under "F". The name of the page is typically used as a secondary sort key. Unknown parameters can be detected using Module:Check for unknown parameters (/wiki/Module:Check_for_unknown_parameters) in the template. To show the information listed here on a category page, use {{ Unknown parameters category (/wiki/Template:Unknown_parameters_category) }} on the category page. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐5795bc6b8c‐tdr6t Cached time: 20240720212224 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.088 seconds Real time usage: 0.117 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 393/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 12951/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 572/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 4620/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.041/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 927743/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 101.657 1 -total 100.00% 101.657 1 Template:Unknown_parameters_category 59.39% 60.378 1 Template:Possibly_empty_category 58.25% 59.216 2 Template:Cmbox 17.36% 17.643 5 Template:Category_other 11.64% 11.829 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 7.20% 7.316 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 6.72% 6.831 1 Template:Maintenance_category 4.28% 4.351 1 Template:Tl 3.52% 3.575 2 Template:Single_namespace Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:74001586-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720212224 and revision id 1159443188. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse There are no pages or files in this category. This list may not reflect recent changes ( learn more (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) ). esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Pages_using_WikiProject_Fashion_with_unknown_parameters&oldid=1159443188 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Pages_using_WikiProject_Fashion_with_unknown_parameters&oldid=1159443188) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : WikiProject templates with unknown parameters (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_templates_with_unknown_parameters) WikiProject Fashion articles (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_Fashion_articles) Hidden categories: Hidden categories (/wiki/Category:Hidden_categories) Tracking categories (/wiki/Category:Tracking_categories) Automatic category TOC generates no TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_no_TOC) Automatic category TOC on pages where PAGESINCATEGORY returns zero (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_on_pages_where_PAGESINCATEGORY_returns_zero)
South Korean skin care brand Dr. Jart+ Founded 2004 ; 20 years ago ( 2004 ) Founder Lee Jin-wook Headquarters Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) , South Korea (/wiki/South_Korea) Area served Worldwide Products Skin care Revenue US$ (/wiki/United_States_dollar) 500 million (2019) Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) Have & Be Estée Lauder Companies (/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies) Website drjart (http://drjart.com) .com (http://drjart.com) Dr. Jart+ ( Korean (/wiki/Korean_language) : 닥터자르트 ; read simply as Doctor Jart ) is a South Korean (/wiki/South_Korean_won) skin care (/wiki/Skin_care) brand. It was founded in 2004 by Lee Jin-Wook (/wiki/Lee_Jin-wook) , with consultation from dermatologist (/wiki/Dermatology) Jung Sung-jae. [1] (#cite_note-moodie2-1) History [ edit ] In 2003, Lee Jin-Wook ( Korean (/wiki/Korean_language) : 이진욱 ) began research on BB cream (/wiki/BB_cream) . [2] (#cite_note-koreadaily-2) To further develop his product, he reached out to Dr. Jung Sung-jae ( Korean (/wiki/Korean_language) : 정성재 ), who was testing new treatments for patients with severe skin issues. [3] (#cite_note-birchbox-3) Lee asked Jung to invest in his product to bring Jung's formulations to a wider audience. [3] (#cite_note-birchbox-3) The name "Jart" was initially coined as a portmanteau (/wiki/Portmanteau) of "Jung" and "art". [2] (#cite_note-koreadaily-2) Jung remains the brand's chief dermatologist. [4] (#cite_note-4) A product from Dr. Jart+'s Water Fuse collection on display. Dr. Jart+ was in development for three years before being launched into dermatological clinics. [1] (#cite_note-moodie2-1) It was officially launched for commercial use in December 2004. [2] (#cite_note-koreadaily-2) Dr. Jart+ was first sold through e-commerce (/wiki/E-commerce) sites. [2] (#cite_note-koreadaily-2) Its revenue in 2005 amounted to 500 million won (around $4.725million, in 2005). By 2008, sales had reached seven billion dollars. [2] (#cite_note-koreadaily-2) In the early days of Dr. Jart+, Lee focused mostly on exporting Dr. Jart+ from Asia, theorizing that the brand's popularity in Asian territories would translate to success in other regions. [5] (#cite_note-wwd-5) The brand partnered with the Japanese department store Takashimaya (/wiki/Takashimaya) in June 2009 to offer its products at the store's now-defunct Fifth Avenue (/wiki/Fifth_Avenue) location. This move made Dr. Jart+ the second Korean brand since Amorepacific (/wiki/Amorepacific_Corporation) to have a presence in New York (/wiki/New_York_City) . [2] (#cite_note-koreadaily-2) It entered the American market in early 2011 in partnership with cosmetics retailer Sephora (/wiki/Sephora) , offering two BB creams at ten of its then-locations. [5] (#cite_note-wwd-5) [6] (#cite_note-:0-6) The brand has since expanded to sell 50 products at Sephora outlets globally. [5] (#cite_note-wwd-5) Products [ edit ] A Dr. Jart+ gift set featuring an assortment of samples from its Cicapair and BB Cream lines. Dr. Jart+ is composed of nine lines, each focused on a specific ingredient or skin issue: Cicadae — utilizes tiger grass ( centella asiatica (/wiki/Centella_asiatica) ) to "calm redness and soothe irritation" Ceramiden — 5-Cera Complex ( ceramides (/wiki/Ceramide) ) to "restore and repair the skin barrier" Water Fuse — Aqua Mineral Complex ( minerals (/wiki/Mineral) ) to impart skin hydration BB Cream — "beauty balm" Dermaclear — Hydrogen Bio Water ( micellar solution (/wiki/Micellar_solutions) ) to cleanse and exfoliate skin Water Drop — hyaluronic acid (/wiki/Hyaluronic_acid) ; features a "unique emulsion (/wiki/Emulsion) system" that "bursts into tiny water droplets" Peptide — 8-Peptide Complex ( peptides (/wiki/Peptide) ) Focuspot — patches composed of "micro tips" to target specific conditions V7 — V7 Multi-Vitamin Complex (vitamin B3 (/wiki/Vitamin_B3) , C (/wiki/Vitamin_C) , F (/wiki/Vitamin_F) , K3 (/wiki/Vitamin_K3) , B5 (/wiki/B_vitamins) , E (/wiki/Vitamin_E) , and H (/wiki/Vitamin_H) ) Cryon Rubber — with patented technology to moisturize and intensely soothe Brand identity [ edit ] Dr. Jart+ is considered to be one of the brands that led the Korean beauty (/wiki/K-Beauty) wave. [7] (#cite_note-7) It avoids celebrity endorsements in favor of its own animations (/wiki/Animation) to communicate a sense of wittiness. [5] (#cite_note-wwd-5) In 2018, its branding and packaging was refreshed, starting with its newly created Ceramidin line. [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-pentagram-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) According to Ju Rhyu, a business-to-business (/wiki/Business-to-business) consultant, Dr. Jart+ already has a "very clear brand identity" and is therefore keen to downplay the K-beauty angle. [11] (#cite_note-11) References [ edit ] ^ a b Austin, Clare (February 27, 2017). "Just what the doctor ordered: the philosophy of Dr.Jart+" (https://www.moodiedavittreport.com/just-what-the-doctor-ordered-the-philosophy-of-dr-jart/) . The Moodie Davitt Report . Retrieved December 5, 2019 . ^ a b c d e f Nam, Seung-ryul (June 19, 2009). "[창업열전] 기능성 화장품 '해브앤비' 이진욱 대표, 온라인서 출발···백화점 입성" (http://www.koreadaily.com/news/read.asp?art_id=865545) . The Korea Daily . Retrieved December 5, 2019 . ^ a b "Shop Dr. Jart+" (https://web.archive.org/web/20191205020529/https://www.birchbox.com/brand/809/dr-jart) . Birchbox . Archived from the original (https://www.birchbox.com/brand/809/dr-jart) on December 5, 2019 . Retrieved December 5, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Is it Worth Wearing A Facemask Overnight?" (https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/is-it-worth-wearing-a-face-mask-overnight-98920091458.html) . Yahoo Beauty . October 2, 2014 . Retrieved December 5, 2019 . ^ a b c d Collins, Allison (May 29, 2018). "Dr. Jart Founder Talks BB Cream and 'Crazy' Meetings" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/beauty-features/dr-jart-founder-talks-bb-cream-and-crazy-meetings-1202681843/) . WWD . Retrieved December 5, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-:0_6-0) Meltzer, Marisa (October 29, 2014). "South Korea Exports Its Glow" (https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/30/fashion/skin-care-products-from-south-korea-catch-on-in-united-states.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved December 5, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Auto, Hermes (2019-12-12). "Korean cosmetics wave turns architecture major into billionaire | The Straits Times" (https://www.straitstimes.com/business/companies-markets/korean-cosmetics-wave-turns-architecture-major-into-billionaire) . www.straitstimes.com . Retrieved 2022-01-31 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Baird, Richard (January 15, 2018). "New Package Design for Dr Jart+ by Pentagram" (https://bpando.org/2018/01/15/package-design-dr-jart/) . BP&O . Retrieved December 5, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-pentagram_9-0) "Dr. Jart+ — Story" (https://www.pentagram.com/work/dr-jart/story) . Pentagram . Retrieved December 5, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "TECSOLA Skincare" (https://tecsola.com/) . Tuesday, March 24, 2020 ^ (#cite_ref-11) Wischhover, Cheryl (August 3, 2017). "Why No One Single Brand Is Winning K-Beauty" (https://www.racked.com/2017/8/3/16064782/k-beauty-korean-beauty-best-brands) . Racked . Retrieved December 5, 2019 . 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Josh Wood Born Barnsley (/wiki/Barnsley) Occupation Hair Colourist (/w/index.php?title=Hair_Colourist&action=edit&redlink=1) Known for Expert colourist, founder of Josh Wood Colour Website www (http://www.joshwoodcolour.com/) .joshwoodcolour (http://www.joshwoodcolour.com/) .com (http://www.joshwoodcolour.com/) Josh Wood is a British hair colourist. He is best known for his work with colour, [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) his hair salons (/wiki/Beauty_salon) and his celebrity clientele. [3] (#cite_note-tele-3) [4] (#cite_note-elle-4) Wood is co-founder of home hair colour brand, Josh Wood Colour (http://www.joshwoodcolour.com) and Global Colour Creative Director for Redken (/wiki/Redken) . Wood is a regular guest host on ITV (/wiki/ITV_(TV_network)) 's This Morning. [5] (#cite_note-5) Career [ edit ] Wood was born and brought up in Barnsley (/wiki/Barnsley) , South Yorkshire. He "fell into" hairdressing, after a friend of his got a Saturday job in a local salon [6] (#cite_note-independent.co.uk-6) which led to him enrolling in a Youth Training Scheme. Initially working in a Vidal Sassoon (/wiki/Vidal_Sassoon) salon in Leeds (/wiki/Leeds) , [6] (#cite_note-independent.co.uk-6) Wood moved to London in 1992, working for Vidal Sassoon (/wiki/Vidal_Sassoon) in Mayfair & then with Sassoon himself in New York - staying with the company for 14 years. [ citation needed ] Having previously co-founded Real Hair in Chelsea, London (/wiki/Chelsea,_London) in 1999, [3] (#cite_note-tele-3) he started his own hair salon, named Josh Wood Atelier, in September 2011 in Holland Park (/wiki/Holland_Park) , London (/wiki/London) . [3] (#cite_note-tele-3) He opened a second Josh Wood Atelier in Liberty & Co. (/wiki/Liberty_%26_Co.) on 30 October 2012, [4] (#cite_note-elle-4) making it the first hair salon to open in the iconic department store. [7] (#cite_note-7) In February 2014, Wood collaborated with Marks & Spencer (/wiki/Marks_%26_Spencer) to launch a range of hair care and colour products to be sold in store. "The range of 13 products is aimed at women with colour-treated hair and includes shampoo and conditioner, plus additional products such as colour touch up wands for treating hair roots". [8] (#cite_note-8) Fashion [ edit ] Wood is a prominent backstage presence on the runways of Paris (/wiki/Paris) , London (/wiki/London) , Milan (/wiki/Milan) and New York (/wiki/New_York_City) . His most recent work included 37 hair looks for Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) ' Spring/Summer 2019 show, [9] (#cite_note-9) which he described as "the biggest project I have ever worked on with hair for a show. We coloured nearly 40 models’ hair, which was almost all the girls in the show". [10] (#cite_note-10) The same season, Wood led the colour for Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_SpA) , Miu Miu (/wiki/Miu_Miu) , Burberry (/wiki/Burberry) and Matty Bovan (/w/index.php?title=Matty_Bovan&action=edit&redlink=1) . [11] (#cite_note-11) Previously Wood has worked with Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) , Miuccia Prada (/wiki/Miuccia_Prada) and Donatella Versace (/wiki/Donatella_Versace) . Wood remains the only colourist working at a couture level. Wood has worked with fashion photographer Steven Meisel (/wiki/Steven_Meisel) , and on fashion shoots with publications such as American Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , Love Magazine (/w/index.php?title=Love_Magazine&action=edit&redlink=1) , Vogue Italia (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) , Vogue India (/wiki/Vogue_India) , American W (/wiki/W_(magazine)) , and Man About Town . He has collaborated as regular columnist for the UK's Sunday Times Style (/w/index.php?title=Sunday_Times_Style&action=edit&redlink=1) magazine. In 2015 he launched Chinese Vogue (/wiki/Chinese_Vogue) 'Les Beiges' collection on social media referencing Wood's influences from fashion to interiors, and architecture to the natural world. In November 2018, Wood was named a regular columnist for Love magazine online, [12] (#cite_note-12) "giving detailed accounts behind his marvellous creations". Clientele [ edit ] Wood has reportedly worked with everyone from David Bowie (/wiki/David_Bowie) to Kylie Minogue (/wiki/Kylie_Minogue) . [13] (#cite_note-13) It was during his time in New York (/wiki/New_York_City) he first met with Bowie, the start of a creative relationship and friendship that saw him collaborate on the iconic 'red look' for Earthling . [14] (#cite_note-14) Clients have included PJ Harvey (/wiki/PJ_Harvey) , Elle Macpherson (/wiki/Elle_Macpherson) , [15] (#cite_note-15) Florence Welch (/wiki/Florence_Welch) , Mick Jagger (/wiki/Mick_Jagger) [6] (#cite_note-independent.co.uk-6) and on films such as X-Men (/wiki/X-Men_(film_series)) and the latest Bridget Jones movie. Entrepreneur [ edit ] In February 2018, Wood launched his own brand of 'at home hair colour', Josh Wood Colour, available online and in Boots in UK. [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) "Wood, who is also global colour creative director for Redken (/wiki/Redken) , has spent two years creating a whole line of products that is reinventing home hair colour as we know it". [18] (#cite_note-18) Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) UK, says "Wood really has thought of everything to make the at-home experience effortless and elegant". [19] (#cite_note-19) On 10 March 2019, Wood announced a $6.5 million series-A round investment, to take his home hair colour business to the (online) masses. [20] (#cite_note-20) Led by Index, with further funding from Jam Jar Investments and Venrex, the investment will further his aim of disrupting the at-home hair colour industry. [21] (#cite_note-21) [22] (#cite_note-22) [23] (#cite_note-23) Awards [ edit ] 2014: Grazia (/wiki/Grazia) UK 'Breakthrough Brand of the Year - Josh Wood Guardian of Colour' 2015: Vogue India (/wiki/Vogue_India) 'Outstanding Contributions To The Beauty Industry’ Award 2016: Creative Head 'Most Wanted' Hair Icon Award [24] (#cite_note-24) 2018: Harpers Bazaar (/wiki/Harpers_Bazaar) UK 'Best Home Hair Colour' Award, Josh Wood Colour 2019: Marie Claire (/wiki/Marie_Claire) Hair Awards 'Best Hair Colourist' 2019: Cosmo (/wiki/Cosmopolitan_(magazine)) Beauty Awards 'Best Colour Product', Shade Shot Gloss [25] (#cite_note-25) 2019: Women's Health (/wiki/Women%27s_Health_(magazine)) Beauty Awards 'Best At-Home Colour', Josh Wood Colour 2019: The Times (/wiki/The_Times) Sunday Times Style 'The 49 Best Hair Products of All Time', Shade Shot Gloss [26] (#cite_note-26) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) If you want to get ahead, call Josh Wood by Tim Walker ( The Independent (/wiki/The_Independent) , 6 October 2012) ^ (#cite_ref-2) "I'm a mobile hairdresser, but by plane" by Helen Rumbelow ( The Times (/wiki/The_Times) , 7 January 2013) ^ Jump up to: a b c Colourist to the stars Josh Wood opens his new Atelier by Kate Shapland ( The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) , 21 September 2011) ^ Jump up to: a b Hairdresser Josh Wood launches in Liberty by Amy Lawrenson ( Elle magazine UK (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) , 31 October 2012) ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Perfect winter hair colour trends" (https://www.itv.com/thismorning/perfect-winter-hair-colour-trends) . www.itv.com . ^ Jump up to: a b c "If you want to get ahead, call Josh Wood" (http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/features/if-you-want-to-get-ahead-call-josh-wood-8198371.html) . The Independent . October 6, 2012. Archived (https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220617/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/features/if-you-want-to-get-ahead-call-josh-wood-8198371.html) from the original on 2022-06-17. ^ (#cite_ref-7) Josh Wood Atelier Liberty Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20130116143256/http://www.liberty.co.uk/fcp/content/josh-wood-liberty/content) 2013-01-16 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ( Liberty, London (/wiki/Liberty_(department_store)) ) ^ (#cite_ref-8) West, Gillian (2014-02-17). "Marks & Spencer partners with colourist Josh Wood to create exclusive hair care range" (https://www.thedrum.com/news/2014/02/17/marks-spencer-partners-colourist-josh-wood-create-exclusive-hair-care-range) . The Drum . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Lischke, Henrik (2018-09-13). "NYFW: Josh Wood gave 37 girls different hair colours for Marc Jacobs" (https://www.stylist.co.uk/beauty/nyfw-josh-wood-marc-jacobs-hair-colour/226930) . Stylist . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Diner, Jessica. "Backstage Colourist Josh Wood On His Hair Colour Extravaganza For Marc Jacobs" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/gallery/josh-wood-marc-jacobs-hair-colour) . British Vogue . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Driver, George (September 16, 2018). "Rainbow Pastel Hair Is The Unexpected Fashion Week Trend That's So Extra" (https://www.elle.com/uk/beauty/hair/a23210201/rainbow-pastel-hair-ss19-trend/) . ELLE . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Marc Jacobs and Miu Miu Hair Colourist Josh Wood Takes us Through a History of Pastels" (https://www.thelovemagazine.co.uk/posts/9491/marc-jacobs-and-miu-miu-hair-colourist-josh-wood-takes-us-through-a-history-of-pastels) . LOVE . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Niven-Phillips, Lisa. "Josh Wood Named Redken Global Colour Creative Director" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/josh-wood-becomes-redken-color-creative-director) . British Vogue . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "In Memory of One of the Most Iconic Cultural Figures of Our Time, We Speak to Hair Colourist, Josh Wood, on What Would have Been David Bowie's 72nd Birthday" (https://www.thelovemagazine.co.uk/posts/9653/in-memory-of-one-of-the-most-iconic-cultural-figures-of-our-time-we-speak-to-hair-colourist-josh-wood-on-what-would-have-been-david-bowie-s-72nd-birthday) . LOVE . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Gloss, Get The. "Elle Macpherson: What I do to keep my hair healthy and glossy" (https://www.getthegloss.com/article/elle-macpherson-what-i-do-to-keep-my-hair-healthy-and-glossy) . Get The Gloss . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Josh Wood Colour | The Ultimate Hair Colour System" (https://joshwoodcolour.com/) . Josh Wood Colour . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Theodosi, Natalie (February 6, 2018). "Josh Wood Introduces Digital-First Hair Color Brand" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/beauty-features/josh-wood-introduces-digital-first-hair-color-brand-11137514/) . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Diner, Jessica. "Colour Play: Josh Wood Launches At-Home Hair Colour" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/josh-wood-at-home-colour) . British Vogue . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Bloomfield, Sophie (December 17, 2018). "How the home hair colouring experience became effortless and elegant" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/beauty/hair/a25599607/best-home-hair-colour/) . Harper's BAZAAR . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Hair colour market to get a digital makeover" (https://sifted.eu/articles/hair-colour-market-digital-makeover/) . Sifted . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Index Ventures" (https://www.indexventures.com/) . Index Ventures . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "JamJar" (http://www.jamjarinvestments.com/) . www.jamjarinvestments.com . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Josh Wood, hair colorist to the stars, gets $6.5M led by Index in its latest D2C bet" (http://social.techcrunch.com/2019/03/10/josh-wood-hair-colorist-to-the-stars-gets-6-5m-led-by-index-in-its-latest-d2c-bet/) . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Josh Wood, Hair Icon 2016" (https://www.creativeheadmag.com/mostwanted/josh-wood-hair-icon-2016/) . February 27, 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-25) Team, The Cosmopolitan Beauty (November 15, 2019). "It's official, these are the best beauty products of 2019" (https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/beauty-hair/a29610991/cosmopolitan-2019-beauty-awards/) . Cosmopolitan . ^ (#cite_ref-26) Mamona, Sarah Jossel, Laura Kennedy and Sheilla (November 3, 2019). "The 49 best hair products of all time" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/best-hair-products-of-all-time-h7fwwlffp) – via www.thetimes.co.uk. {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) ) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐brj49 Cached time: 20240713180319 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.744 seconds Real time usage: 1.031 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2395/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 36439/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1288/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 79867/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.458/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6603619/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 768.134 1 -total 54.18% 416.204 1 Template:Reflist 44.35% 340.638 21 Template:Cite_web 34.72% 266.703 1 Template:Infobox_person 8.47% 65.070 1 Template:Citation_needed 7.33% 56.293 1 Template:Fix 5.70% 43.817 16 Template:Main_other 5.52% 42.424 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 4.62% 35.465 2 Template:Category_handler 3.91% 30.059 1 Template:Wikidata_image Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:38234443-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713180319 and revision id 1093627156. 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Italian fashion designer (born 1964) Maria Grazia Chiuri Born ( 1964-02-02 ) February 2, 1964 (age 60) Rome (/wiki/Rome) , Italy Education Istituto Europeo di Design (/wiki/Istituto_Europeo_di_Design) Occupation Fashion designer Title Creative director at Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior_SE) Spouse Paolo Regini Children 2 "New Junon" evening dress (spring/summer 2017) by Chiuri, featured in the Sleeping Beauties: Reawakening Fashion (/wiki/Sleeping_Beauties:_Reawakening_Fashion) exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) Maria Grazia Chiuri ( Italian pronunciation: [maˈriːa (/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian) ˈgrattsja (/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian) ˈkjuːri] (/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian) ; born 2 February 1964) is an Italian fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_design) . After stints working at Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) and Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_house)) , Chiuri was named creative director (/wiki/Creative_director) at Dior (/wiki/Dior) in 2016. [1] (#cite_note-1) Biography [ edit ] Chiuri's father was in the military and her mother, a dressmaker, joined a sewing workshop at a young age before opening her own boutique in Rome, but pushed her daughter to study. She had five sisters. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) She has cited her grandmother, mother and sisters as an inspiration. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) Chiuri studied at Istituto Europeo di Design (/wiki/Istituto_Europeo_di_Design) in Rome, then started at Fendi where she designed handbag lines. Chiuri joined Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) in 1989. While at Fendi, she helped develop the famous Baguette bag (/wiki/Baguette_(bag)) [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) and recruited the designer Pierpaolo Piccioli (/wiki/Pierpaolo_Piccioli) to join the department. [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) In 1999, Chiuri joined Italian fashion house Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_house)) , where she was responsible for the accessories lines. In 2008, when Valentino Garavani (/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_designer)) retired, Chiuri was promoted within the Italian company to become artistic co-director of the brand, alongside Pier Paolo Piccioli (/wiki/Pierpaolo_Piccioli) , whom she had known since her studies at the Istituto Europeo di Design. In 2003, the pair also began to manage creative direction for the Red Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_house)) diffusion collection. Chiuri and Piccioli were named co-creative directors of Valentino in 2008, overseeing full artistic direction for the brand, including Womenswear, Menswear & Haute Couture. Both designers were awarded the CFDA International Award (/wiki/Council_of_Fashion_Designers_of_America) for their work in 2015. [ citation needed ] In 2016, Sidney Toledano (/wiki/Sidney_Toledano) appointed Chiuri as artistic director of the women's collections of Christian Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior) (haute couture and ready-to-wear, six collections per year). Succeeding Raf Simons (/wiki/Raf_Simons) , she became the first woman to hold this position since the inception of the brand in 1946. Her first shows for the French house were characterized by minimalism and feminist themes. [ citation needed ] On 6 July 2020, Chiuri presented the Haute Couture Autumn-Winter 2020–2021 collection. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_India) , it was presented for the first time in the form of a film, in collaboration with Italian filmmaker Matteo Garrone (/wiki/Matteo_Garrone) . [ citation needed ] Chiuri's work is often described as youthful, and she cites her daughter Rachele Regini as a muse. [6] (#cite_note-:3-6) [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) Beginnings at Dior [ edit ] In July 2016 Chiuri was appointed the creative director (/wiki/Creative_director) of Dior (/wiki/Dior) . [7] (#cite_note-Friedman_2016-7) [8] (#cite_note-Mower_2016-8) [9] (#cite_note-Kostov_2016-9) Vanessa Freidman of The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) reported: "She will be the first woman to lead the creative side in the label’s 69-year history, [10] (#cite_note-Holt_Spedding_2016-10) and the role will be her first solo appointment after more than two decades of working with Pierpaolo Piccioli, [11] (#cite_note-Phelps_2016-11) who has been named creative director at Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_house)) ." [7] (#cite_note-Friedman_2016-7) The Irish Times remarked: "As artistic director of the storied Paris fashion house, Ms Chiuri will follow in the footsteps of designers like Yves Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(designer)) , Gianfranco Ferré (/wiki/Gianfranco_Ferr%C3%A9) and John Galliano (/wiki/John_Galliano) ." [12] (#cite_note-Paul_2013-12) In September 2016 Chiuri debuted her first collection for Christian Dior SE in Paris. [13] (#cite_note-Vogue_2016-13) The show featured many feminist references, including a T-shirt bearing the title of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie (/wiki/Chimamanda_Ngozi_Adichie) 's essay We Should All Be Feminists (/wiki/We_Should_All_Be_Feminists) . [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) Chiuri would continue this theme in subsequent shows, including a reference to Linda Nochlin (/wiki/Linda_Nochlin) 's essay Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists? (/wiki/Why_Have_There_Been_No_Great_Women_Artists%3F) for SS18, as well as a collaboration with artist Judy Chicago (/wiki/Judy_Chicago) and The Chanakya School of Craft (/w/index.php?title=The_Chanakya_School_of_Craft&action=edit&redlink=1) for the set of her SS20 Haute Couture collection at Dior. [16] (#cite_note-16) Feminist designs [ edit ] According to Chiuri, "the new generation has raised big questions about gender, race, environment and cultures that we have to reflect in fashion". [6] (#cite_note-:3-6) Chiuri has often been inspired by feminism for the clothes she has created for Dior. In addition, she regularly invites committed artists to present her collections. [17] (#cite_note-17) In September 2016, the slogan "We should all be feminist", [18] (#cite_note-18) a cult phrase by Nigerian author and feminist icon Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie (/wiki/Chimamanda_Ngozi_Adichie) that had inspired Chiuri, was printed on white t-shirts of two models at the Dior show at Paris Fashion Week (/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week) for the Spring 2017 collection. [19] (#cite_note-19) In January 2020, during a very stylized Dior fashion show, staged in the garden of the Rodin Museum (/wiki/Rodin_Museum) , the catwalk was lined with 21 banners, on which were embroidered feminist phrases, such as "Could men and women be equal?". [20] (#cite_note-20) In March, quotes such as "The patriarchy kills love" or "We are all clitoridian women" from Carla Lonzi (/wiki/Carla_Lonzi) 's manifesto were displayed during the presentation of the 1970s-inspired collection. [21] (#cite_note-21) Publications [ edit ] In 2021, Chiuri published the book Her Dior: Maria Grazia Chiuri's New Voice . [22] (#cite_note-22) It features the work of 33 photographers who have worked with Chiuri and Dior. The book illustrates the work of these artists who represent an important part of contemporary photography and celebrates the innovative and feminist spirit of Chiuri. Chiuri is, along with Pierpaolo Piccioli, author of the book Valentino: Objects of Couture , published on 5 November 2013. This book presents the legacy of accessory design by the legendary Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_house)) fashion house. [23] (#cite_note-23) Awards and distinctions [ edit ] 2024: Chiuri receives the Neiman Marcus Award for Distinguished Service in the Field of Fashion. [24] (#cite_note-24) [25] (#cite_note-25) Monday, 1 July 2019: Chiuri is decorated with the insignia of Knight of the National Order of the Legion of Honor (/wiki/Legion_of_Honour) from the hands of Marlene Schiappa (/wiki/Marl%C3%A8ne_Schiappa) , Secretary of State for Equality between Men and Women. [26] (#cite_note-26) The award was received after the Dior Haute Couture Autumn-Winter 2019–2020 fashion show. The award was given to honor the values and feminist message that Maria Grazia Chiuri conveys through her collections for the house of Dior and her collaborations with female artists. 2017: Chiuri receives the Swarovski Award for Positive Change at the Fashion Awards. [27] (#cite_note-27) [28] (#cite_note-28) 2017: Chiuri receives the "Glamour Award for Designer of the Year", as well as the "Glamour Award for The Fashion Force", presented by Glamour magazine. [29] (#cite_note-29) 2015: Chiuri receives the CFDA (/wiki/Council_of_Fashion_Designers_of_America) (Council of Fashion Designers of America) award for her creations at Valentino. [30] (#cite_note-30) Personal life [ edit ] Chiuri married Paolo Regini, a shirtmaker, and has a son, Niccolò, and a daughter, Rachele. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Instagram February 2, 2020, Birthday (https://www.instagram.com/p/B8EuOXHIHAM/) ^ Jump up to: a b c Collins, Lauren (25 September 2018). "How Maria Grazia Chiuri Brought Feminism To the House of Dior" (https://www.wmagazine.com/story/maria-grazia-chiuri-dior-feminism) . W Magazine . Retrieved 7 June 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Petrarca, Emilia (18 October 2018). "Maria Grazia Chiuri Is Learning to See Fashion Through Her Daughter's Eyes" (https://www.thecut.com/2018/10/maria-grazia-chiuri-dior-women-and-power.html) . The Cut . Retrieved 7 June 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Maria Grazia Chiuriis One of the 500 People Shaping the Global Fashion Industry in 2018" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/community/people/maria-grazia-chiuri) . The Business of Fashion . Retrieved 7 June 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) (in Chinese) Valentino的革新者：Maria Grazia Chiuri与Pierpaolo Piccioli (http://www.weartrends.com/p/24988.aspx) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210310175011/http://www.weartrends.com/p/24988.aspx) 10 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) 18 November 2014. Retrieved 23 July 2016 ^ Jump up to: a b "It's a woman's world for Dior's Maria Grazia Chiuri" (https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/news-trends/article/2167470/diors-maria-grazia-chiuri-what-you-need-know-about-how) . South China Morning Post . 14 October 2018 . Retrieved 7 June 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b Friedman, Vanessa (8 July 2016). "Maria Grazia Chiuri Now at Dior: How It Happened. What It Means" (https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/08/fashion/maria-grazia-chiuri-dior-creative-director.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved 8 July 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Mower_2016_8-0) Mower, Sarah (8 July 2016). "It's Official: Maria Grazia Chiuri Is in at Christian Dior" (https://web.archive.org/web/20161122012840/http://www.vogue.com/13450872/christian-dior-maria-grazia-chiuri) . Vogue . Archived from the original (http://www.vogue.com/13450872/christian-dior-maria-grazia-chiuri/) on 22 November 2016 . Retrieved 8 July 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Kostov_2016_9-0) Kostov, Nick (8 July 2016). "Dior Names Valentino's Maria Grazia Chiuri as New Creative Chief" (https://www.wsj.com/articles/dior-names-valentinos-maria-grazia-chiuri-as-new-creative-chief-1467968547) . WSJ . Retrieved 8 July 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Holt_Spedding_2016_10-0) Holt, Bethan; Spedding, Emma (8 July 2016). "Dior appoints first-ever female creative director Maria Grazia Chiuri" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/brands/everything-you-need-to-know-about-maria-grazia-chiuri-the-woman/) . The Telegraph . Retrieved 8 July 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Phelps_2016_11-0) Phelps, Nicole (7 July 2016). "Breaking: Valentino Confirms Maria Grazia Chiuri's Departure" (https://web.archive.org/web/20161114090742/http://www.vogue.com/13455561/valentino-maria-grazia-chiuri) . Vogue . Archived from the original (http://www.vogue.com/13455561/valentino-maria-grazia-chiuri/) on 14 November 2016 . Retrieved 8 July 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Paul_2013_12-0) Paul, Mark (21 March 2013). "Dior names Maria Grazia Chiuri as artistic director" (http://www.irishtimes.com/business/retail-and-services/dior-names-maria-grazia-chiuri-as-artistic-director-1.2714867) . The Irish Times . Retrieved 8 July 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Vogue_2016_13-0) Vogue (6 July 2016). "Maria Grazia Chiuri nommée directrice artistique de Dior" (http://www.vogue.fr/mode/news-mode/articles/maria-grazia-chiuri-nommee-directrice-artistique-de-dior/44069) . Vogue (in French) . Retrieved 8 July 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Steff Yotka, "Maria Grazia Chiuri Makes a Feminist Statement at Her Dior Debut" (http://www.vogue.com/13486350/dior-we-should-all-be-feminists-t-shirt-maria-grazia-chiuri/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170117002915/http://www.vogue.com/13486350/dior-we-should-all-be-feminists-t-shirt-maria-grazia-chiuri/) 17 January 2017 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , Vogue , 30 September 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Dior makes a Bold Statement with Chimamanda Adichie’s “We Should All Be Feminists” at Paris Fashion Week" (https://www.bellanaija.com/2016/10/christian-dior-makes-a-bold-statement-with-chimamanda-adichies-we-should-all-be-feminists-at-paris-fashion-week/) , BellaNaija , 1 October 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-16) "The Dior couture show set was created with the help of 150 female students” (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/fashion/fashion-news/a30626513/dior-couture-show-set-judy-chicago/) , AMY DE KLERK , 22 January 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-17) Cartner-Morley, Jess (18 March 2017). "Maria Grazia Chiuri on fashion, feminism and Dior: 'You must fight for your ideas' (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2017/mar/18/maria-grazia-chiuri-fashion-feminism-fight-for-ideas) " (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2017/mar/18/maria-grazia-chiuri-fashion-feminism-fight-for-ideas) . The Guardian . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0261-3077 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077) . Retrieved 20 August 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Lubitz, Rachel (22 January 2017). "Dior is selling a plain cotton t-shirt that says 'We Should All Be Feminists' for $710" (https://www.businessinsider.com/dior-we-should-all-be-feminists-shirt-2017-3) . Business Insider . Retrieved 26 March 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Mode : Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie inspire Dior à la Paris Fashion Week – Jeune Afrique" (https://www.jeuneafrique.com/362829/culture/mode-chimamanda-ngozi-adichie-inspire-dior-a-paris-fashion-week/) . JeuneAfrique.com (in French). 5 October 2016 . Retrieved 26 March 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Un défilé haute couture peut-il être féministe ?" (https://www.nouvelobs.com/mode/20200203.OBS24288/un-defile-haute-couture-peut-il-etre-feministe.html) . L'Obs (in French). 3 February 2020 . Retrieved 26 March 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Chahine, Vicky (26 February 2020). "Ça, c'est Paris ! Les coulisses de la fashion week" (https://www.lepoint.fr/mode-design/ca-c-est-paris-les-coulisses-de-la-fashion-week-26-02-2020-2364695_265.php) . Le Point (in French) . Retrieved 26 March 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Maria Grazia Chiuri's New 'Her Dior' Book" (https://theimpression.com/maria-grazia-chiuris-new-her-dior-book/) . The Impression . 4 March 2021 . Retrieved 26 March 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) Bonami, Francesco; Mariotti, REM-Ruini e. "Book" (https://www.rizzoliusa.com/book/9780847840847/) . Rizzoli New York . Retrieved 26 March 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "EXCLUSIVE: Dior's Maria Grazia Chiuri to Receive Neiman's Distinguished Service Award" (https://wwd.com/business-news/retail/dior-creative-director-maria-grazia-chiuri-to-receive-neimans-distinguished-service-award-1236135964/) . WWD . 19 January 2024 . Retrieved 25 January 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Maria Grazia Chiuri va recevoir le prix Neiman Marcus 2024" (https://fr.fashionnetwork.com/news/Maria-grazia-chiuri-va-recevoir-le-prix-neiman-marcus-2024,1596039.html#nicklas-skovgaard) . Fashion Network . Retrieved 29 January 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Maria Grazia Chiuri is awarded a French Legion of Honour" (https://www.vogue.fr/fashion/article/maria-grazia-chiuri-is-awarded-a-french-legion-of-honour) . Vogue Paris (in French). 2 July 2019 . Retrieved 26 March 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "Maria Grazia Chiuri recevra le Swarovski Award for Positive Change aux Fashion Awards 2017" (https://www.vogue.fr/mode/news-mode/articles/maria-grazia-chiuri-swarovski-award-for-positive-change-fashion-awards-2017/58316) . Vogue . 29 November 2017 . Retrieved 22 September 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) "Maria Grazia Chiuri Honored for Positive Change at the Fashion Awards" (https://wwd.com/feature/maria-grazia-chiuri-honored-positive-change-fashion-awards-11058303/) . Women's Wear Daily . 29 November 2017 . Retrieved 22 September 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) Spiegelman, Nadja (30 October 2017). "How the First-Ever Female Designer of Dior Is Shaking Up the Fashion World" (https://www.glamour.com/story/women-of-the-year-2017-maria-grazia-chiuri) . Glamour . Retrieved 26 March 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) "CFDA" (https://cfda.com/cfda-fashion-awards/2015/honoree/maria-grazia-churi-pierpaolo-piccioli-for-valentino) . cfda.com . Retrieved 26 March 2021 . External links [ edit ] Maria Grazia Chiuri & Pierpaolo Piccioli's Live Mosaic (https://www.businessoffashion.com/community/people/maria-grazia-chiuri-pier-paolo-piccioli) The Emperor's New Clothes (http://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/trends/a511/valentino-designers-chiuri-piccioli-0410/) Creative direction (http://www.valentino.com/experience/us/maison/creative-direction/#) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20171109145034/https://www.valentino.com/experience/us/maison/creative-direction) 9 November 2017 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/177149841863002840712) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjr6XyDkcmrb9mKPhpgFXb) National Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/1183967993) Artists South Australia (https://www.agsa.sa.gov.au/collection-publications/collection/creators/_/12395/) Victoria (https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/explore/collection/artist/30047/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐j8r7l Cached time: 20240713181755 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.721 seconds Real time usage: 0.895 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3425/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 63390/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3348/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 8/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 103230/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.502/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 21060878/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 842.655 1 -total 33.27% 280.378 1 Template:Reflist 25.26% 212.828 23 Template:Cite_web 20.31% 171.109 1 Template:Infobox_fashion_designer 16.30% 137.337 1 Template:IPA-it 16.08% 135.495 1 Template:IPA 11.51% 97.022 1 Template:Authority_control 9.97% 83.992 1 Template:Short_description 7.45% 62.801 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 5.91% 49.782 1 Template:Birthdate_and_age Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:51024726-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713181755 and revision id 1225799399. 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Clothing line that originated in Acapulco ACA JOE [1] (#cite_note-1) is a clothing line for men, women, boys and girls that originated in Acapulco (/wiki/Acapulco) in the 1970s. [2] (#cite_note-2) By. 1978, ACA JOE was well established as a clothing retailer, with over 75 stores in various cities throughout Mexico, including: Acapulco, Cancun, Puerto Vallarta, Mazatlán, and Mexico City. [3] (#cite_note-3) ACA JOE specializes in well-designed cotton (/wiki/Cotton) clothing inspired by the beach lifestyle of Acapulco. [4] (#cite_note-4) Joseph Rank, a Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) clothing designer (/wiki/Clothing_designer) , is the founder and owner of ACA JOE. The company's major growth came after Rank teamed with Harry R. Kraatz and William A. Meyer, in the early 1980s to take over the Inmar Corporation. Inmar's retail outlets were transformed into ACA JOE stores and the company name was changed to ACA JOE INTERNATIONAL. In the mid-1980s, there were more than 100 ACA JOE stores around the U.S. (/wiki/United_States) , and the company's stock was the fastest rising stock on Nasdaq (/wiki/Nasdaq) in 1985. The company's stock was deleted from the Nasdaq over-the-counter trading system on April 1, 1988, because of the company's failure to meet Nasdaq's capital and surplus requirements. [5] (#cite_note-5) In the 1990s, ACA JOE focused on its market in Mexico (/wiki/Mexico) and was sold in over 35 shopping center and beach stores and featured in the Palacio de Hierro (/wiki/El_Palacio_de_Hierro) department stores. In the 2000s (decade), ACA JOE was sold in the Liverpool (/wiki/Liverpool_(store)) department stores and Costco (/wiki/Costco) in Mexico. Since 2007, ACA JOE has been exclusively sold through La Comercial Mexicana and Soriana in Mexico. The logo was designed by Mexican American (/wiki/Mexican_American) artist Joe Vera (/wiki/Joe_Vera) . [6] (#cite_note-6) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) ACA Joe (http://www.acajoe.com) ^ (#cite_ref-2) "BUSINESS PEOPLE; Loss Poses a Challenge To Aca Joe Executives (Published 1987)" (https://www.nytimes.com/1987/06/23/business/business-people-loss-poses-a-challenge-to-aca-joe-executives.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230715042950/https://www.nytimes.com/1987/06/23/business/business-people-loss-poses-a-challenge-to-aca-joe-executives.html) from the original on 2023-07-15. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "History" (https://www.acajoe.com/history/) . ACA JOE . Retrieved 2022-04-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "WHAT'S DOING IN ACAPULCO (Published 1983)" (https://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/13/travel/what-s-doing-in-acapulco.html?&pagewanted=1) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230715042952/https://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/13/travel/what-s-doing-in-acapulco.html) from the original on 2023-07-15. ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Aca Joe's Stock (Published 1988)" (https://www.nytimes.com/1988/04/05/business/aca-joe-s-stock.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230715042945/https://www.nytimes.com/1988/04/05/business/aca-joe-s-stock.html) from the original on 2023-07-15. ^ (#cite_ref-6) Sr, Uluapa. "Joe Vera: Autor del escudo de Cancún" (http://aclarando.wordpress.com/2011/05/18/joe-vera-autor-del-escudo-de-cancun/) . Aclarando . Retrieved 6 October 2014 . External links [ edit ] ACA JOE website (http://www.acajoe.com) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5b8f7f4b65‐5jzgw Cached time: 20240623002050 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.150 seconds Real time usage: 0.227 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 411/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 8528/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 538/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 18984/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.097/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4049010/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 214.678 1 -total 53.58% 115.029 1 Template:Reflist 45.63% 97.951 5 Template:Cite_web 44.82% 96.217 1 Template:Short_description 23.52% 50.493 2 Template:Pagetype 15.14% 32.500 3 Template:Main_other 13.99% 30.024 1 Template:SDcat 1.22% 2.626 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:20441314-0!canonical and timestamp 20240623002050 and revision id 1213038675. 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Austrian organic jean manufacturer Gebrüder Stitch Traded as (/wiki/Ticker_symbol) LLC Founded 2010 Founder Michael Lanner, Moriz Piffl-Perčević Products Clothing (/wiki/Clothing) , fashion accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) Gebrüder Stitch is the first Austrian (/wiki/Austria) manufacturer of organic (/wiki/Organic_clothing) jeans (/wiki/Jeans) made to measure (/wiki/Made_to_measure) , founded in 2010 and based in Vienna. In German- speaking Europe Gebrüder Stitch are known for innovative marketing and communication strategies. With campaigns such as "Christmas on the arse" the Gebrüder Stitch reached a high brand awareness. [1] (#cite_note-1) Quickly they took a leading role in fair jeans production and still use organic (/wiki/Organic_product) denim (/wiki/Denim) only. The name is a compilation of an old fashioned German expression for "brothers" and the English term " Stitch (/wiki/Stitch_(textile_arts)) ". History [ edit ] The two founders - Michael Lanner and Moriz Piffl-Perčević (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundessch%C3%BClervertretung#Besetzung) - are not real siblings. In 2009 the two were dissatisfied with their jobs in marketing and hit on the idea to start a local manufacturing of custom made jeans. They went to study in Chinese, Italian and Hungarian factories, in German and French trade shows as well as in several workshops for cutting, sewing, creating used effects, counseling customers and designing pants. In 2010 they opened their first temporary store in Gumpendorferstraße and became the first bespoke (/wiki/Bespoke_tailoring) jeans makers in Vienna. [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) 2014, in the course of a restructuring, Gebrüder Stitch intended to expand their product range to ready-made (/wiki/Ready-made_garment) jeans and moved from Gaudenzdorfer Gürtel to Mariahilfer Straße. In 2015 the company opened their first store in Berlin. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) In 2016 Gebrüder Stitch were insolvent. Due to a surprisingly cancelled capital increase over 650.000 Euros Gebrüder Stitch became bankrupt. [6] (#cite_note-6) After the Insolvency, the newly founded "ants in your pants GmbH" bought all trademark rights from Gebrüder Stitch Gmbh and additionally some fixed assets. [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) Two of the five independent shareholders are founder Moriz Piffl and Niko Alm (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niko_Alm) , a well known Austrian entrepreneur and politician. Since 2016 Gebrüder Stitch is exclusively located on Mariahifer Straße in Vienna's 6th district, called Mariahilf (/wiki/Mariahilf) . There, Gebrüder Stitch combine sales space and manufacturing in one store also referred to as "buttlab". Since the pandemic in 2020, the Viennese social business "Vollpension", where Moriz Piffl-Perčević is also co-founder, is located in the now called "Vollpension Studio" on Mariahilfer Straße. The Mariahilfer Straße is one of the most famous shopping streets in Vienna and near the center of the city. Due to the lack of parking space and for reasons of sustainability (/wiki/Sustainability) most inhabitants of the 6th district use either public transport or bicycles. Gebrüder Stitch offer several designs for the so called Velostitch (Jeans for cyclists). [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) Products [ edit ] Gebrüder Stitch keep three different jeans lines in stock, bespoke, fitted and ready-made jeans. Materials [ edit ] For their products Gebrüder Stitch use GOTS ( Global Organic Textile Standard (/w/index.php?title=Global_Organic_Textile_Standard&action=edit&redlink=1) )-certified Organic cotton (/wiki/Organic_cotton) only, produced in Austria. Blue and white denim are the staple for further washings and adaptions. [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) They found a solution for an eco-friendly, GOTS-verifiable jeans washing method through enzymes. The brand is NOT known for providing fair pay to their employees, avoiding the use of toxic waste and offering a repair service for customers' old jeans. [13] (#cite_note-13) Events [ edit ] The first fashion show of Gebrüder Stitch took place during the Vienna Fashion Week in 2010. [14] (#cite_note-14) During the Vienna Design Week (/w/index.php?title=Vienna_Design_Week&action=edit&redlink=1) in 2012, the company temporarily opened a Coffee Shop called Vollpension (which means "full pension", but also "full board" in German) run by senior citizens and acclaimed wide popularity within the district. [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) This project was repeated in 2014 with stops all over Austria, i.e. in Bregenz (/wiki/Bregenz) , Linz (/wiki/Linz) , Salzburg (/wiki/Salzburg) and Graz (/wiki/Graz) . In 2015 the Vollpension (http://www.vollpension.wien/) found a permanent place in the fourth district of Vienna and still employs seniors. It is run as an independent permanent social business restaurant operation. In 2016 their cook book Vollpension - Kuchen von der Oma written by Julia Preinerstorfer and Martin Mühl was published. [17] (#cite_note-17) Awards [ edit ] 2011 Vienna Fashion Award (/wiki/Vienna_Fashion_Award) for Best Designer Branding 2014 Environment Prize of Vienna, Umweltpreis der Stadt Wien for bleaching through enzymes Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Weihnachten am Arsch: Jeans nach Maß -" (https://hypesrus.com/blog/2015/11/10/jeans-nach-mass/#) . HYPES ARE US (in German). 2015-11-10 . Retrieved 2017-08-04 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "www.austrianfashion.net - Ein Märchen in Blau" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170801195052/http://www.austrianfashion.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1113&Itemid=37) . Archived from the original (http://www.austrianfashion.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1113&Itemid=37) on 2017-08-01 . Retrieved 2017-08-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Gebrüder Stitch - EFESEIIS - Enabling the Flourishing and Evolution of Social Entrepreneurship for Innovative and Inclusive Societies" (http://www.fp7-efeseiis.eu/gebruder-stitch/) . EFESEIIS - Enabling the Flourishing and Evolution of Social Entrepreneurship for Innovative and Inclusive Societies . 2016-02-03 . Retrieved 2017-08-04 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Germany, SPIEGEL ONLINE, Hamburg (14 November 2015). "Schneiderei Gebrüder Stitch: Alles für'n Arsch - SPIEGEL ONLINE - Wirtschaft" (http://www.spiegel.de/wirtschaft/unternehmen/gebrueder-stitch-massgeschneiderte-jeans-aus-wien-a-1061284.html) . Der Spiegel . Retrieved 2017-08-03 . {{ cite news (/wiki/Template:Cite_news) }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) ) ^ (#cite_ref-5) Galileo - Skurrile Geschäftsideen (in Austrian German), 28 February 2012 , retrieved 2017-08-03 ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Gebrüder Stitch sind insolvent" (http://diepresse.com/home/panorama/wien/5021084/Gebrueder-Stitch-sind-insolvent) . Die Presse (in German) . Retrieved 2017-08-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Sie nähen wieder: Rückkehr der "Gebrüder Stitch" (https://kurier.at/chronik/wien/sie-naehen-wieder-rueckkehr-der-gebrueder-stitch/231.226.441) " (https://kurier.at/chronik/wien/sie-naehen-wieder-rueckkehr-der-gebrueder-stitch/231.226.441) . 17 November 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Jeans-Schneider Gebrüder Stitch vor Aus - wien.ORF.at" (http://wien.orf.at/news/stories/2782983/) . wien.orf.at (in German). 29 June 2016 . Retrieved 2017-08-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Burzler, Faq Magazin - Alfred. "Strampelhose, maßgefertigt - Faq Magazin" (http://www.faq-magazine.com/magazine/2010/08/strampelhose-massgefertigt.html) . www.faq-magazine.com . Retrieved 2017-08-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Die Fahrrad-Jeans der Gebrüder Stitch: Perfekte Ergänzung für dein FREYGEIST-Bike!" (https://www.freygeist-bikes.com/blog/die-fahrrad-jeans-der-gebr%C3%BCder-stitch-perfekte-erg%C3%A4nzung-f%C3%BCr-dein-freygeist-bike) . Freygeist (in German). 2015-12-04 . Retrieved 2017-08-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) GETCHANGED! (2012-03-27). "GOOD JEANS GUIDE" (https://netzwerkfairemode.wordpress.com/2012/03/27/good-jeans-guide/) . GET CHANGED! . Retrieved 2017-08-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Fair Jeans Guide der AK OÖ" (https://media.arbeiterkammer.at/ooe/konsument/fairkonsumieren/KI_2016_JeansGuide_Uebersicht.pdf) (PDF) . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Feldmeier, Katja (20 November 2015). "Jeans Come True - Gebrüder Stitch Pop-Up Store | Go—PopUp Magazine" (https://www.gopopup.com/de/magazine/jeans-come-true-gebrueder-stitch-pop-up-store) . Go-PopUp (in German) . Retrieved 2019-10-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "MQ vienna fashion week - gebrüder stitch" (http://hpunktanna.com/2010/09/23/mq-vienna-fashion-week-gebruder-stitch/) . 23 September 2010. ^ (#cite_ref-15) Vienna.at: “Vollpension”: Gebrüder Stitch eröffnen auf der Mariahilfer Straße temporäres Senioren-Kaffeehaus (http://www.vienna.at/vollpension-gebrueder-stitch-eroeffnen-auf-der-mariahilfer-strasse-temporaeres-senioren-kaffeehaus/3375485) , October 4, 2012 ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Gebrüder Stitch" (http://www.viennadesignweek.at/player.php?id=235) . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Dahoam" (http://www.vollpension.wien) . Vollpension (in Austrian German) . Retrieved 2017-08-03 . 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Algerian clothing Ghlila Type Algerian clothing Material Velvet (/wiki/Velvet) Place of origin Algeria (/wiki/Algeria) [1] (#cite_note-Snoap-1) The Ghlila is a traditional Algerian jacket originating from Algeria (/wiki/Algeria) , it is a trapezoidal jacket in velvet or brocade with a deep oval neckline, decorative buttons and enriched with embroidery notably featuring golden threads. [1] (#cite_note-Snoap-1) One of the earliest references to the Ghlila was by Diego De Haëdo who recorded his observations during his time in Algiers (/wiki/Algiers) from 1578 to 1581. [1] (#cite_note-Snoap-1) Diego de Haëdo gave a description of women wearing voluminous blouses and long cossacks which he had identified as “goleyla” (Ghlila). De Haëdo described the Ghlila as being made from velvet, satin or damask, featuring a wide neckline secured with silver or gold buttons and falling mid-length. At the beginning of the 19th century the Algerians wore a low cut Ghlila which stopped at the height of the hips consisting of short sleeves, a single button and gold threads. The Ghlila Djabadouli is a Ghlila with long sleeves and it is also worn by men. [2] (#cite_note-2) The Ghlila was a source for later developments in Algerian fashion as the Karakou (/wiki/Karakou) descends from it as well as the Caftan of Algiers (/wiki/Algerian_Kaftan) . [1] (#cite_note-Snoap-1) [3] (#cite_note-3) See also [ edit ] • Karakou (/wiki/Karakou) • Frimla (/wiki/Frimla) • Bniqa (/wiki/Bniqa) • Algerian Kaftan (/wiki/Algerian_Kaftan) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d Snoap, Morgan, " Algerian Women's Waistcoats - The Ghlila and Frimla: Readjusting the Lens on the Early French Colonial Era in Algeria (1830-1870) (https://scholarship.rollins.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1113&context=honors) " (2020). Honors Program Theses. 114. ^ (#cite_ref-2) Pichault, Pascal (2007). The traditional Algerian costume . Maisonneuve and Larose. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-2-7068-1991-9 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 190966236 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/190966236) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Paraître et apparences en Europe occidentale du Moyen Âge à nos jours (https://books.google.com/books?id=stMX3ujLEQoC&pg=PA236) Isabelle Paresys Presses Univ. Septentrion, NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐845c994989‐fmlqh Cached time: 20240703203655 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.337 seconds Real time usage: 0.424 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 414/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 4488/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 429/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 7687/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.229/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3238973/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 393.470 1 -total 49.41% 194.416 1 Template:Reflist 41.84% 164.630 1 Template:Cite_book 28.16% 110.802 1 Template:Short_description 21.39% 84.152 1 Template:Infobox_clothing_type 20.76% 81.700 1 Template:Infobox 13.82% 54.363 2 Template:Pagetype 9.94% 39.128 3 Template:Main_other 9.13% 35.920 1 Template:SDcat 0.94% 3.714 1 Template:Template_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:68817164-0!canonical and timestamp 20240703203655 and revision id 1194295745. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ghlila&oldid=1194295745 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ghlila&oldid=1194295745) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Algerian clothing (/wiki/Category:Algerian_clothing) Embroidery in Algeria (/wiki/Category:Embroidery_in_Algeria) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata)
American fashion designer Kimberly Ovitz Born Kimberly Sarah Ovitz ( 1983-07-10 ) July 10, 1983 (age 41) Los Angeles, California, U.S. Occupation Fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) Parent(s) Michael Ovitz (/wiki/Michael_Ovitz) Judy Reich Ovitz Website http://www.kimberlyovitz.com (http://www.kimberlyovitz.com) Kimberly Ovitz (born July 10, 1983) is an American fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) and founder/creative director of the fashion line Kimberly Ovitz . [1] (#cite_note-W_Magazine-1) Early life and education [ edit ] Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, Ovitz demonstrated an early interest in fashion design and horseback riding (/wiki/Horseback_riding) . [1] (#cite_note-W_Magazine-1) The daughter of Judy (née Reich) and CAA (/wiki/Creative_Artists_Agency) co-founder Michael Ovitz (/wiki/Michael_Ovitz) , she grew up surrounded by creative talent and was inspired by modern art and architecture, both of which featured as themes in her later designs. [1] (#cite_note-W_Magazine-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) At 14, she received an internship at J. Crew (/wiki/J._Crew) and throughout her career remained influenced by the editorially sparse minimalism of Emily Scott, J. Crew (/wiki/J._Crew) ’s cofounder and former CEO. [1] (#cite_note-W_Magazine-1) [3] (#cite_note-mc2010-3) Ovitz later took internships at Harper’s Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%E2%80%99s_Bazaar) with photographer Herb Ritts (/wiki/Herb_Ritts) , at Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) in Paris, working under Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) , and at W (/wiki/W_(magazine)) magazine. [4] (#cite_note-nymag-4) She attended Parsons The New School for Design (/wiki/Parsons_The_New_School_for_Design) before earning a B.A. in Art History and Business from Brown University (/wiki/Brown_University) . Following college she worked at labels Imitation of Christ, YaYa and Twelfth Street by Cynthia Vincent. [1] (#cite_note-W_Magazine-1) Career [ edit ] In 2009 Ovitz launched her Kimberly Ovitz Collection from her design studio in Santa Monica (/wiki/Santa_Monica,_California) , California. [5] (#cite_note-5) Three years later she relocated the company to its new home in Tribeca (/wiki/Tribeca) , New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . [6] (#cite_note-6) Her initial line consisted of a neutral palette of ‘grungy’ and ‘equestrian’ pieces, and was critically well received. [1] (#cite_note-W_Magazine-1) Her Kimberly Ovitz Jacob long sleeve dress was one of the most worn on the red carpet in 2009. [7] (#cite_note-7) The collection's overall vision grew out of the equestrian concept. [1] (#cite_note-W_Magazine-1) In 2010, Ovitz continued with showings at New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) . Her spring collection was held at Mac Milk Studios in New York and was attended by family friend Martin Scorsese (/wiki/Martin_Scorsese) . [8] (#cite_note-8) The architectural, asymmetrical draping of her fall 2010 collection solidified her reputation within the fashion world as an up-and-coming, ‘minimalist-meets-modern’ designer. [9] (#cite_note-9) Ovitz’s collection benefitted from everyday and red carpet wear by trend-setting Hollywood celebrities including Chloë Sevigny (/wiki/Chlo%C3%AB_Sevigny) [10] (#cite_note-10) and Olivia Wilde (/wiki/Olivia_Wilde) . [11] (#cite_note-11) In February 2011, actress Lindsay Lohan (/wiki/Lindsay_Lohan) wore a Kimberly Ovitz dress to a court appearance in Los Angeles. The $575 "Glavis" dress from Ovitz's pre-fall collection subsequently sold out in boutiques worldwide by the next morning. [12] (#cite_note-12) In her fall 2011 collection, Ovitz stepped out of her traditionally monochromatic palette with pieces incorporating hints of neon yellow and cobalt blue, inspired by the architecture and spirit of Brazil. [13] (#cite_note-13) Attendance at her New York Fashion Week showing included Jenna Lyons (/wiki/Jenna_Lyons) , Prabal Gurung (/wiki/Prabal_Gurung) , Neiman Marcus (/wiki/Neiman_Marcus) ’ Roopal Patel and Bergdorf Goodman (/wiki/Bergdorf_Goodman) ’s Linda Fargo (/wiki/Linda_Fargo) . [14] (#cite_note-14) In her spring 2012 collection, Ovitz was inspired by Shigeru Ban (/wiki/Shigeru_Ban) , the minimalist architect, [15] (#cite_note-15) specifically the curtainwall house as well as his minimalist ideology of design and focus on working with sustainable materials with little waste. [16] (#cite_note-16) In 2012, Ovitz launched O by Kimberly Ovitz, a lower-priced line made of Tencel (/wiki/Tencel) – an eco friendly, biodegradable fabric made from wood pulp cellulose. [17] (#cite_note-17) Designs were inspired by best-selling pieces from her regular collection and retailed for under $200. Feminism and the image of a strong female feature as prominent motifs in her designs. [ citation needed ] Her fall 2012 line was inspired by Kagemusha (/wiki/Kagemusha) , a film by Kurosawa (/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa) . [18] (#cite_note-18) Ovitz was interested in the samurai warrior, a theme that expanded into a more general warrior. [19] (#cite_note-19) In fall 2013, Ovitz introduced an edgy and futuristic collection inspired by natural defense mechanisms found in animals and nature. [20] (#cite_note-20) Her showing at New York Fashion week was attended by Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) editor-in-chief Anna Wintour (/wiki/Anna_Wintour) [21] (#cite_note-21) and designers Tory Burch (/wiki/Tory_Burch) and J. Crew (/wiki/J._Crew) ’s Jenna Lyons. [22] (#cite_note-22) The collection included a 3D-printed jewelry line, created in collaboration with Shapeways (/wiki/Shapeways) . [23] (#cite_note-23) Ovitz announced she would not produce a fall 2013 line, focusing instead on a ‘number of collaborations and initiatives, including a new collection with Shapeways.’ [24] (#cite_note-24) Personal life [ edit ] Ovitz is the daughter of Hollywood mogul Michael Ovitz (/wiki/Michael_Ovitz) . Her brother is Chris Ovitz, co-founder of failed video sharing app Viddy. [25] (#cite_note-25) She is active philanthropically in animal welfare for the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (/wiki/American_Society_for_the_Prevention_of_Cruelty_to_Animals) (ASPCA) and the Humane Society of the United States (/wiki/Humane_Society_of_the_United_States) . [26] (#cite_note-26) She co-chaired the 2013 HSUS ‘To the Rescue’ gala with Georgina Bloomberg (/wiki/Georgina_Bloomberg) and Amanda Hearst (/wiki/Amanda_Hearst) . [27] (#cite_note-27) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d e f g Venessa Lau (March 2009). "Kimberly Ovitz: Easy Rider" (http://www.wmagazine.com/fashion/2009/03/kimberly_ovitz/) . W (/wiki/W_(magazine)) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Burrough, Bryan; Masters, Kim (December 6, 2011). "The Mouse Trap" (https://www.vanityfair.com/news/1996/12/ovitz-199612) . Vanity Fair (/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazines)) . Ovitz persuaded his fraternity brothers to choose his girlfriend, Judy Reich, as the official Z.B.T. sweetheart because she belonged to the Waspy Kappa Alpha Theta sorority. He believed the selection would be a coup for the predominantly Jewish Z.B.T.'s. ^ (#cite_ref-mc2010_3-0) Moura, Sophie (12 September 2010). "Kimberly Ovitz: the next Donna Karan" (http://www.marieclaire.com/career-money/advice/kimberly-ovitz) . Marie Claire . Retrieved 17 January 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-nymag_4-0) Tsui, Diana (12 January 2010). "Kimberly Ovitz Needs Her Gum to Focus" (https://nymag.com/thecut/2010/01/kimberly_ovitz_needs_her_gum.html) . New York . Retrieved 17 January 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Kimberly Ovitz Inside the L.A. Designer's Santa Monica Studio" (https://www.refinery29.com/kimberly-ovitz-santa-monica-studio#slide-1) . Refinery29 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "The Kimberly Ovitz label is a women's contemporary fashion brand established in…" (https://plus.google.com/107134402852436816888/posts/1eS4CddNJpS) . google.com . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Most Worn Dress Of 2009 - Kimberly Ovitz Jacob Long Sleeve Dress - Red Carpet Fashion Awards" (http://www.redcarpet-fashionawards.com/2009/12/22/most-worn-dress-of-2009-kimberly-ovitz-jacob-long-sleeve-dress/) . Red Carpet Fashion Awards . 22 December 2009. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Kimberly Ovitz - New York Spring 2010 | Read all the latest in fashion gossip, fashion industry news, and fashion trends | Daily Front Row" (https://archive.today/20130906153530/http://www.fashionweekdaily.com/the-fix/article/1043) . Archived from the original (http://www.fashionweekdaily.com/the-fix/article/1043) on 2013-09-06 . Retrieved 2013-09-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Fall 2010 : Kimberly Ovitz « Runway Hippie" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110306193427/http://runwayhippie.com/2010/02/12/fall-2010-kimberly-ovitz/) . Archived from the original (http://runwayhippie.com/2010/02/12/fall-2010-kimberly-ovitz/) on 2011-03-06 . Retrieved 2013-09-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Tracey Lomrantz Lester (2009-10-07). "Fashion Faceoff: Eliza Dushku Vs. Chloe Sevigny In Kimberly Ovitz" (http://www.glamour.com/fashion/blogs/dressed/2009/10/fashion-faceoff-eliza-dushku-v.html) . Glamour Magazine. ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Who Wore Kimberly Ovitz Better? AnnaLynne McCord or Olivia Wilde" (http://www.redcarpet-fashionawards.com/2009/09/18/who-wore-kimberly-ovitz-better-annalynne-mccord-or-olivia-wilde/) . 2009-09-18. ^ (#cite_ref-12) LINDSAY GOLDWERT (2011-02-10). "Lindsay Lohan courtroom dress sells out; Tight, white $575 Kimberly Ovitz dress in demand" (http://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/fashion/lindsay-lohan-courtroom-dress-sells-tight-white-575-kimberly-ovitz-dress-demand-article-1.134073) . NY Daily News. ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Kimberly Ovitz Fall 2011: Brazilian Visions" (http://fashionista.com/2011/02/kimberly-ovitz-fall-2011-brazilian-visions/) . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "NYFW: Kimberly Ovitz presentation" (http://www.whowhatwear.com/blogs/www/nyfw-kimberly-ovitz-presentation) . WhoWhatWear . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Kimberly Ovitz Spring 2012: Inspired by a Japanese Architect, Not Lindsay Lohan" (http://fashionista.com/2011/09/kimberly-ovitz-spring-2012-inspired-by-a-japanese-architect-not-lindsay-lohan/) . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Kimberly Ovitz" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130516191115/http://www.style.com/fashionshows/review/S2012RTW-KOVITZ) . style.com . Archived from the original (http://www.style.com/fashionshows/review/S2012RTW-KOVITZ/) on 2013-05-16. ^ (#cite_ref-17) Charlotte Cowles (December 2011). "Kimberly Ovitz to Launch a Diffusion Line" (https://nymag.com/thecut/2011/12/kimberly-ovitz-to-launch-a-diffusion-line.html) . The Cut . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Kimberly Ovitz Fall 2012: Inspired by Warriors" (http://fashionista.com/2012/02/kimberly-ovitz-fall-2012-inspired-by-warriors/) . 10 April 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-19) "New York Fashion Week 2012: Kimberly Ovitz" (http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/alltherage/2012/02/new-york-fashion-week-kimberly-ovitz.html) . Los Angeles Times . 10 February 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Kimberly Ovitz Fall 2013: Exoskeletons" (http://fashionista.com/2013/02/kimberly-ovitz-fall-2013-exoskeletons/) . 10 April 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-21) Anna Wintour watches Kimberly Ovitz with Shapeways Runway Show . YouTube . 7 February 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-22) "shapeways - Michael Ovitz" (https://web.archive.org/web/20131027075417/http://michaelovitz.org/tag/shapeways/) . michaelovitz.org . Archived from the original (http://michaelovitz.org/tag/shapeways/) on 2013-10-27. ^ (#cite_ref-23) "3D-Printed Jewelry Graces the Runway" (http://mashable.com/2013/02/08/kimberly-ovitz-3d-printed-jewelry-shapeways/) . Mashable . 8 February 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-24) Lisa Lockwood (May 2013). "Kimberly Ovitz Won't Produce Fall Collection - WWD" (http://www.wwd.com/markets-news/designer-luxury/kimberly-ovitz-wont-produce-fall-collection-6916320) . WWD . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Kim-Mai Cutler (30 April 2013). "Viddy Co-Founder Chris Ovitz Lands At Mobile Gaming Startup Scopely" (https://techcrunch.com/2013/04/30/ovitz-scopely/) . TechCrunch . AOL. ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Kimberly Ovitz Puts ASPCA Dog Rescue First" (http://la-confidential-magazine.com/living/articles/kimberly-ovitzs-puts-aspca-dog-rescue-first) . la-confidential-magazine.com . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "To the Rescue! Benefit : The Humane Society of the United States" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130819092025/http://www.humanesociety.org/about/events/rescue_benefit/) . Archived from the original (http://www.humanesociety.org/about/events/rescue_benefit/) on 2013-08-19 . Retrieved 2013-09-06 . 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American author and activist Harriet N. Austin Born Harriet Newell Austin ( 1826-08-31 ) August 31, 1826 Connecticut (/wiki/Connecticut) , U.S. Died May 1891 (1891-05-00) (aged 64) North Adams (/wiki/North_Adams,_Massachusetts) , Massachusetts (/wiki/Massachusetts) , U.S. Occupation(s) Hydrotherapist (/wiki/Hydrotherapy) , writer Known for American costume Parent James Caleb Jackson (/wiki/James_Caleb_Jackson) (father) Relatives James Hathaway Jackson (/wiki/James_Hathaway_Jackson) Harriet Newell Austin (August 31, 1826 – May 1891) was an American hydrotherapist (/wiki/Hydrotherapy) , author, and dress-reform (/wiki/Victorian_dress_reform) advocate. She was the designer of the "American costume," a style of dress meant to promote women's health. Early life and education [ edit ] Harriet N. Austin was born in Connecticut (/wiki/Connecticut) on August 31, 1826. [1] (#cite_note-Dansville-1) She graduated from Mary Gove Nichols (/wiki/Mary_Gove_Nichols) ' American Hydropathic Institute, in 1851. [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) Because mainstream medical schools did not admit women, she and the other women physicians of this era had to seek training at such "irregular" institutions. [5] (#cite_note-5) Austin and her contemporaries saw the water cure as the basis for a larger reform movement. [6] (#cite_note-6) They were attempting to expand the role of women in society and improve their status in the public sphere by bolstering their health, through hygienic regimens and reformed modes of dress. [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) [7] (#cite_note-:2-7) Career [ edit ] After receiving her degree, Austin found work as a physician at a water cure (/wiki/Hydrotherapy) sanitarium in Owasco, New York (/wiki/Owasco,_New_York) . During her time there she formed a professional relationship with James Caleb Jackson (/wiki/James_Caleb_Jackson) , who ran a similar facility nearby. After successfully collaborating on a difficult medical case in Owasco, Jackson invited Austin to join him at his sanitarium, Glen Haven, to manage the treatment of female patients. She would go on to become his business partner and editor of their magazine, The Laws of Life and Journal of Health . [1] (#cite_note-Dansville-1) Jackson and his wife Lucretia even adopted her as their daughter. [8] (#cite_note-:0-8) Austin and the Jacksons moved to Dansville (/wiki/Dansville,_Livingston_County,_New_York) , New York in 1858. They opened a sanitarium there called Our Home on the Hillside, which would become the largest hydrotherapy (/wiki/Hydrotherapy) institution in the country by 1866. [8] (#cite_note-:0-8) Austin was an early practitioner of natural hygiene (/wiki/Orthopathy) and was a vegetarian (/wiki/Vegetarianism) . [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) She died at North Adams, Massachusetts (/wiki/North_Adams,_Massachusetts) in May 1891. [1] (#cite_note-Dansville-1) "American costume" [ edit ] At Our Home, female patients wore an "American costume" that Austin designed: a tunic or shortened dress, with hem landing at the knee, worn over loose pants. [8] (#cite_note-:0-8) [11] (#cite_note-:4-11) It was called American costume as a rhetorical contrast with the fashionable, restrictive "French costume" that the dress reform movement sought to eradicate. [12] (#cite_note-:5-12) The garments were designed to minimize restrictions on women's movement and promote health and hygiene. Our Home sold patterns so women could make their own American costumes at home. [8] (#cite_note-:0-8) Austin expressed pride in both her healing abilities and her clothing designs, bridging what would otherwise have been considered separate male and female spheres [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) Although the reform-minded intent was similar to the Bloomer (/wiki/Bloomers_(clothing)) costume of the same era, Austin thought the fullness of the Bloomer trousers was "slovenly" and worked to distinguish her design from it. [12] (#cite_note-:5-12) American costume was influential among dress reformers for the extent to which it challenged conventions of feminine dress: it was the most masculine in appearance of all the dress reform era designs. [7] (#cite_note-:2-7) Seventh-day Adventist writer and health reformer Ellen G. White (/wiki/Ellen_G._White) used purchased patterns from Our Home to develop her own reform dress. [11] (#cite_note-:4-11) White later publicly disparaged Austin's American costume, exaggerating her account of the shortness of its skirts to question its modesty and propriety. [7] (#cite_note-:2-7) Austin herself was criticized and even ridiculed for dressing too much like a man. [11] (#cite_note-:4-11) She continued to wear her American costume openly until her death in 1891. [11] (#cite_note-:4-11) [12] (#cite_note-:5-12) List of publications [ edit ] The American Costume, or, Women's Right to Good Health (1867) Baths and How to Take Them (1861) Our Home on the Hillside: What we are trying to do and how we are trying to do it (1870s, with James Jackson) References [ edit ] ^ a b c Bunnell, A. O.; Quick, F. I.; Instructor Publishing Co., Dansville (1902). Dansville: Historical, Biographical, Descriptive . Cornell University Library. Dansville, N.Y. : Instructor Pub. Co. ^ (#cite_ref-2) Hoolihan, Christopher. (2001). An Annotated Catalogue of the Edward C. Atwater Collection of American Popular Medicine and Health Reform, Volume 1 . University of Rochester Press. p. 54. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1-58046-098-4 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58046-098-4) ^ (#cite_ref-3) Numbers, Ronald L. (2008). Prophetess of Health: A Study of Ellen G. White . Wm. B. Eerdemans Publishing Co. p. 123. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-8028-0395-5 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-0395-5) ^ a b c Cayleff, Susan (May 18, 2010). Wash and Be Healed: The Water-Cure Movement and Women's Health . Temple University Press. pp. 115, 155. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781439904275 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Ehrenreich, Barbara; English, Deirdre (2005). For Her Own Good: Two Centuries of the Experts' Advice to Women . Anchor Books. pp. 74 (https://archive.org/details/forherowngoodtwo0000ehre/page/74) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781400078004 . austin. ^ (#cite_ref-6) Shifrin, Susan (July 5, 2017). Re-framing Representations of Women: Figuring, Fashioning, Portraiting and Telling in the 'Picturing' Women Project . Taylor & Francis. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781315317571 . ^ a b c Fischer, Gayle V. (2001). Pantaloons & Power: A Nineteenth-century Dress Reform in the United States . Kent State University Press. pp. 48 (https://archive.org/details/pantaloonspowern0000fisc/page/48) , 117, 128. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780873386821 . harriet austin. ^ a b c d "Who Really Invented Cereal?" (https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/did-an-uncredited-woman-invent-breakfast-cereal) . Atlas Obscura . June 28, 2016 . Retrieved January 7, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Adams, Carol J. (2006). The Sexual Politics of Meat: A Feminist-vegetarian Critical Theory . Continuum International Publishing Group. p. 186. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-8264-1184-3 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8264-1184-3) ^ (#cite_ref-10) Pizzorno, Joseph E; Murray, Michael T. (2013). Textbook of Natural Medicine . Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 296. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4377-2333-5 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4377-2333-5) ^ a b c d Numbers, Ronald L. (July 2, 2008). Prophetess of Health: A Study of Ellen G. White . Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. pp. 144, 191. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780802803955 . ^ a b c Cunningham, Patricia A. (2003). Reforming Women's Fashion, 1850–1920: Politics, Health, and Art . Kent State University Press. pp. 52–55. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780873387422 . External links [ edit ] "Women's Present and Future" (1853) (http://womhist.alexanderstreet.com/socm/doc1.htm) by Harriet N. Austin Harriet N. Austin (http://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n86035280/) publications at WorldCat Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International FAST (http://id.worldcat.org/fast/184725/) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/272211797) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n86035280) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5486b6fcc7‐tt8d6 Cached time: 20240628105130 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.413 seconds Real time usage: 0.562 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3122/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 29512/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2217/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 52261/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.261/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6606627/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 526.785 1 -total 34.27% 180.503 1 Template:Reflist 28.60% 150.647 1 Template:Infobox_person 23.34% 122.965 7 Template:Cite_book 17.31% 91.174 1 Template:Authority_control 11.97% 63.051 1 Template:Short_description 9.09% 47.907 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 7.65% 40.321 2 Template:Pagetype 6.04% 31.832 4 Template:ISBN 6.00% 31.614 21 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:56243042-0!canonical and timestamp 20240628105130 and revision id 1231453964. 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RTE News Business and economics [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Business_and_economics","replies":[]}} Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Marketing & Advertising (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Marketing_%26_Advertising) no Ferdinand Icatlo Business (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Business) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Business/Assessment) Business (/wiki/Portal:Business) Ferdinand Icatlo → Accounting task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Business/Accounting_task_force) Business (/wiki/Portal:Business) Ferdinand Icatlo Companies (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Companies) yes Companies (/wiki/Portal:Companies) Established July 20, 2007 Ferdinand Icatlo → Companies - Health Industry Task Force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Companies/Health_Industry_Task_Force) Companies (/wiki/Portal:Companies) Ferdinand Icatlo Cooperatives (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Cooperatives) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Cooperatives/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Economics (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Economics) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Economics#Categorizing_articles) Business (/wiki/Portal:Business) Ferdinand Icatlo Finance & Investment (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Finance_%26_Investment) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Finance_%26_Investment/Assessment) Business (/wiki/Portal:Business) Ferdinand Icatlo Game theory (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Game_theory) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture/Philosophy_and_religion#Philosophy) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Global Economics (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Global_Economics) no Ferdinand Icatlo Hanseatic League (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Hanseatic_League) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical/Europe) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Mining (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Mining) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Mining/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Mining/Peer_Review) Ferdinand Icatlo Occupations (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Occupations) no Ferdinand Icatlo Organizations (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Organizations) (main listing here (#Social_organizations) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Organized Labour (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Organized_Labour) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Organized_Labour/Assessment) Organized Labour (/wiki/Portal:Organized_Labour) Ferdinand Icatlo Private Equity (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Private_Equity) no Business (/wiki/Portal:Business) Ferdinand Icatlo → Jewish Labour Bund Task Force (/wiki/Wikipedia:Jewish_Labour_Bund_Task_Force) also associated with WikiProject Judaism (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Judaism) Ferdinand Icatlo Record Labels (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Record_Labels) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Record_Labels/Assessment) Companies (/wiki/Portal:Companies) Ferdinand Icatlo Retailing (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Retailing) no Ferdinand Icatlo Taxation (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Taxation) (main listing here (#Law) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Trade (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Trade) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Trade/Assessment) Education [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Education","replies":["h-Education_culture-Education","h-Schools-Education"]}} Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Alternative education (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Alternative_education) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Alternative_education/Assessment) Education (/wiki/Portal:Education) Will be merged into WikiProject Homeschooling (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Homeschooling) Ferdinand Icatlo Education (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Education) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Education/Assessment) Education (/wiki/Portal:Education) Ferdinand Icatlo EduTech (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_EduTech) no Education (/wiki/Portal:Education) Ferdinand Icatlo Homeschooling (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Homeschooling) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Homeschooling/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Homeschooling/Collaboration) Education (/wiki/Portal:Education) The Alternative Education project will be merged into it. Ferdinand Icatlo Academics (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Academics) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Biography) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Education in Australia (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Education_in_Australia) no Education (/wiki/Portal:Education) ; Australia (/wiki/Portal:Australia) Ferdinand Icatlo Education in Canada (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Education_in_Canada) no Education (/wiki/Portal:Education) ; Canada (/wiki/Portal:Canada) Ferdinand Icatlo Education in India (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Education_in_India) no Education (/wiki/Portal:Education) ; India (/wiki/Portal:India) Ferdinand Icatlo Organizations (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Organizations) (main listing here (#Social_organizations) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Schools (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Schools) (main listing here (#Schools) ) Ferdinand Icatlo School Years (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_School_Years) no Ferdinand Icatlo Higher education (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Higher_education) (main listing here (#Higher_education) ) Education culture [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Classical League (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Classical_League) no Ferdinand Icatlo Debating (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Debating) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Debating/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Fraternities and Sororities (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fraternities_and_Sororities) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fraternities_and_Sororities/Article_grading_and_ranking) Schools [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Schools (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Schools) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Schools/Assessment) Schools (/wiki/Portal:Schools) Higher education [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Higher education (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Higher_education) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Higher_Education/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Higher_education/COTM) Education (/wiki/Portal:Education) If a new higher education WP is started, please list it here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Higher_Education#Individual_institutions) . Ferdinand Icatlo Atlantic Coast Conference (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Atlantic_Coast_Conference) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Atlantic_Coast_Conference/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Bangladeshi Universities (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Bangladeshi_Universities) no Bangladesh (/wiki/Portal:Bangladesh) Ferdinand Icatlo Big Ten (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Big_Ten) no Ferdinand Icatlo Big 12 Conference (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Big_12_Conference) no Ferdinand Icatlo Columbia University (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Columbia_University) no Ferdinand Icatlo Cornell University (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Cornell_University) no Ferdinand Icatlo Dartmouth College (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Dartmouth_College) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Dartmouth_College/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo East Carolina University (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_East_Carolina_University) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_East_Carolina_University/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Florida International University (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Florida_International_University) no Ferdinand Icatlo Georgia Tech (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Georgia_Tech) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Georgia_Tech/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Middle Tennessee State University (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_MTSU) no Ferdinand Icatlo Mizzou (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Mizzou) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Mizzou/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Mizzou/collaboration) Ferdinand Icatlo University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill) no Ferdinand Icatlo North Carolina State University (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_North_Carolina_State_University) no Ferdinand Icatlo Notre Dame (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Notre_Dame) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Notre_Dame/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Ohio Wesleyan University (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ohio_Wesleyan_University) no Ferdinand Icatlo University of Oxford (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_University_of_Oxford) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_University_of_Oxford/Assessment) University of Oxford (/wiki/Portal:University_of_Oxford) Ferdinand Icatlo Pennsylvania State University (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Pennsylvania_State_University) no Ferdinand Icatlo Polytechnic University of the Philippines (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Polytechnic_University_of_the_Philippines) no Ferdinand Icatlo Rutgers (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Rutgers) no Ferdinand Icatlo State University of New York (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_SUNY) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_SUNY/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Texas A&M (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Texas_A%26M) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Texas_A%26M/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo University of California (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_University_of_California) no Ferdinand Icatlo University of Massachusetts (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_University_of_Massachusetts) no Ferdinand Icatlo University of North Texas (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_University_of_North_Texas) no Ferdinand Icatlo University of Pennsylvania (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_University_of_Pennsylvania) no Ferdinand Icatlo University of Pittsburgh (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_University_of_Pittsburgh) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_University_of_Pittsburgh/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo University of Texas at Austin (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_University_of_Texas_at_Austin) no Ferdinand Icatlo University of Virginia (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_University_of_Virginia) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_University_of_Virginia/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Washington University in St. Louis (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Washington_University_in_St._Louis) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Washington_University_in_St._Louis/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Washington_University_in_St._Louis/collaboration) Ferdinand Icatlo West Virginia University (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_West_Virginia_University) no History [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-History","replies":[]}} Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo History (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_History) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_History/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_History/Review) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_History/Collaboration) History (/wiki/Portal:History) Recent overhaul; multiple task forces available, for various specific historical eras, or for geographical regions, or any variation of those parameters. Ferdinand Icatlo American Old West (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_American_Old_West) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_American_Old_West/Assessment) United States (/wiki/Portal:United_States) Ferdinand Icatlo Ancient Egypt (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ancient_Egypt) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ancient_Egypt/Assessment) Ancient Egypt (/wiki/Portal:Ancient_Egypt) Ferdinand Icatlo Ancient Near East (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ancient_Near_East) no Ferdinand Icatlo Australian history (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Australian_history) no Australia (/wiki/Portal:Australia) ; History (/wiki/Portal:History) Ferdinand Icatlo Aztec (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Aztec) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Aztec/Assessment) Although the project-space for this has been inactive for some time, this project is operating as a de facto taskforce under WP Mesoamerica (/wiki/Wikipedia:MESO) , where Aztec-related articles are being actively updated, along with others under WP:MESO Ferdinand Icatlo Chinese history (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Chinese_history) no China (/wiki/Portal:China) ; History (/wiki/Portal:History) Ferdinand Icatlo Classical Greece and Rome (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Classical_Greece_and_Rome) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/Classical_Greece_and_Rome_articles_by_quality) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Classical_Greece_and_Rome#Collaboration_of_the_Month) Greece (/wiki/Portal:Greece) ; Italy (/wiki/Portal:Italy) Ferdinand Icatlo Rome (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Rome) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Rome/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Rome#Collaboration_of_the_Month) Italy (/wiki/Portal:Italy) Ferdinand Icatlo Cold War (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Cold_War) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Cold_War/Assessment) Marked inactive by a participant of WikiProject Military history (/wiki/Wikipedia:MILHIST) as redundant to the more active Cold War task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Cold_War_task_force) . All participants of the Cold War WikiProject are redirected to the Cold War task force. Ferdinand Icatlo European history (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_European_history) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_European_history/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_European_history/Collaboration) Europe (/wiki/Portal:Europe) ; History (/wiki/Portal:History) Ferdinand Icatlo Former countries (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Former_countries) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Former_countries/Assessment) Countries (/wiki/Portal:Countries) Ferdinand Icatlo History of Bangladesh (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_History_of_Bangladesh) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical/Asia#Bangladesh) ) Ferdinand Icatlo History of Canada (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_History_of_Canada) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_History_of_Canada/Assessment) Canada (/wiki/Portal:Canada) ; History (/wiki/Portal:History) Ferdinand Icatlo Indian history (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Indian_history) no India (/wiki/Portal:India) ; History (/wiki/Portal:History) Ferdinand Icatlo History of photography (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_History_of_photography) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Photography) ) Ferdinand Icatlo History of Poland (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_History_of_Poland) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical/Europe#Poland) ) Ferdinand Icatlo History of Science (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_History_of_Science) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_History_of_Science/Assessment) History of science (/wiki/Portal:History_of_science) Ferdinand Icatlo Mesoamerica (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Mesoamerica) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Mesoamerica/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Mesoamerica/Activity) Mesoamerica (/wiki/Portal:Mesoamerica) Ferdinand Icatlo Middle Ages (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Middle_Ages) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Middle_Ages/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Military history (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history) (main listing here (#Military_and_warfare) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Norse history and culture (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Norse_history_and_culture) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical/Europe#Nordic_countries) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Pakistani history (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Pakistani_history) no Pakistan (/wiki/Portal:Pakistan) Ferdinand Icatlo Russian history (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Russian_history) no Ferdinand Icatlo Soviet Union (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Soviet_Union) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/Soviet_Union_articles_by_quality) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Soviet_Union#Articles) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Soviet_Union#Articles) Soviet Union (/wiki/Portal:Soviet_Union) Ferdinand Icatlo Three Kingdoms (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Three_Kingdoms) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/Three_Kingdoms_articles_by_quality) Relates to the Three Kingdoms (/wiki/Three_Kingdoms) period of Chinese history (/wiki/Chinese_history) Ferdinand Icatlo Timeline Tracer (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Timeline_Tracer) no Categorized in History by its goals and in Multidisciplinary by its scope Ferdinand Icatlo United States History (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_United_States_History) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_United_States_History/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_United_States_History/Collaboration) Needs members Ferdinand Icatlo Women's History (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Women%27s_History) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Women%27s_History/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Women%27s_History/Peer_review) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Women%27s_History/Collaboration) History (/wiki/Portal:History) Active outreach program to recruit new editors to WP; needs experienced editors. Military and warfare [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Military_and_warfare","replies":[]}} Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Military history (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Review#Peer_review) Ferdinand Icatlo → African military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/African_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → American Civil War task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/American_Civil_War_task_force) American Civil War (/wiki/Portal:American_Civil_War) Ferdinand Icatlo → American Revolutionary War task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/American_Revolutionary_War_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Australia, New Zealand and South Pacific military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Australia,_New_Zealand_and_South_Pacific_military_history_task_force) Military of Australia (/wiki/Portal:Military_of_Australia) Ferdinand Icatlo → Balkan military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Balkan_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Baltic states military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Baltic_states_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → British military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/British_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Canadian military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Canadian_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Chinese military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Chinese_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Classical warfare task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Classical_warfare_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Crusades task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Middle_Ages/Crusades_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Dutch military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Dutch_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Early Modern warfare task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Early_Modern_warfare_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Early Muslim military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Early_Muslim_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Fortifications task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Fortifications_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → French military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/French_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → German military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/German_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Intelligence task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Intelligence_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Italian military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Italian_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Japanese military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Japanese_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Korean military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Korea/Military_history) Ferdinand Icatlo → Maritime warfare task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Maritime_warfare_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Medieval warfare task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Medieval_warfare_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Middle Eastern military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Middle_Eastern_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Military aviation task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Military_aviation_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Military biography task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Biography/Military) Ferdinand Icatlo → Military historiography task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Military_historiography_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Military land vehicles task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Military_land_vehicles_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Military memorials and cemeteries task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Military_memorials_and_cemeteries_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Military science and technology task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Military_science_and_technology_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Napoleonic era task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Napoleonic_era_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → National militaries task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/National_militaries_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Nordic military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Nordic_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Ottoman military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Ottoman_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Polish military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Polish_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Russian and Soviet military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Russian_and_Soviet_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → South American military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/South_American_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → South Asian military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/South_Asian_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Southeast Asian military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Southeast_Asian_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Spanish military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Spanish_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → United States military history task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/United_States_military_history_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Weaponry task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Weaponry_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → World War I task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/World_War_I_task_force) World War I (/w/index.php?title=Portal:World_War_I&action=edit&redlink=1) Ferdinand Icatlo → World War II task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/World_War_II_task_force) World War II (/w/index.php?title=Portal:World_War_II&action=edit&redlink=1) Ferdinand Icatlo → Cold War task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Cold_War_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Post-Cold War task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Post-Cold_War_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo Reenactment (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reenactment) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Performing_arts) ) Politics and government [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Politics_and_government","replies":["h-National-Politics_and_government","h-International-Politics_and_government","h-Law-Politics_and_government"]}} Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Politics (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Politics) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/Politics_articles_by_quality_statistics) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Politics/Peer_review) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Politics/Collaboration) Politics (/wiki/Portal:Politics) Ferdinand Icatlo → Libertarianism task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Politics/Libertarianism) Libertarianism (/wiki/Portal:Libertarianism) Ferdinand Icatlo Anti-war (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Anti-war) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Anti-war/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Anti-war#Collaboration_of_the_month) Ferdinand Icatlo Cannabis (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Cannabis) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Cannabis/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Cannabis/Collaboration) Cannabis (/wiki/Portal:Cannabis) Ferdinand Icatlo Capitalism (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Capitalism) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Capitalism/Assessment) Capitalism (/wiki/Portal:Capitalism) also: Portal:Politics (/wiki/Portal:Politics) , Portal:Economics (/wiki/Portal:Economics) Ferdinand Icatlo Conservatism (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Conservatism) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Conservatism/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Conservatism/Collab) Conservatism (/wiki/Portal:Conservatism) Ferdinand Icatlo Disaster management (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Disaster_management) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Disaster_management#Assessments) Ferdinand Icatlo Drug Policy (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Drug_Policy) no Ferdinand Icatlo Elections and Referendums (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Elections_and_Referendums) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Elections_and_Referendums/Assessment) Politics (/wiki/Portal:Politics) Ferdinand Icatlo Fire Protection (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fire_Protection) no Ferdinand Icatlo Fire Service (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fire_Service) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fire_Service/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fire_Service/Collaboration/current) Ferdinand Icatlo Nonviolence (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Nonviolence) (main listing here (#General_topics) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Organizations (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Organizations) (main listing here (#Social_organizations) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Organized Labour (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Organized_Labour) (main listing here (#Business_and_economics) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Socialism (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Socialism) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Socialism/Assessment) Socialism (/wiki/Portal:Socialism) also: Portal:Politics (/wiki/Portal:Politics) , Portal:Economics (/wiki/Portal:Economics) Ferdinand Icatlo Squatting (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Squatting) (main listing here (#Law) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Urban studies and planning (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Urban_studies_and_planning) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Architecture) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Voting systems (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Voting_systems) no Politics (/wiki/Portal:Politics) Ferdinand Icatlo Science Policy (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Science_Policy) no National [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Australian politics (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Australian_politics) yes Australia (/wiki/Portal:Australia) ; Politics (/wiki/Portal:Politics) Ferdinand Icatlo Chinese politics (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Chinese_politics) yes China (/wiki/Portal:China) ; Politics (/wiki/Portal:Politics) Ferdinand Icatlo Government of Canada (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Government_of_Canada) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical/North_America#Canada) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Indian politics (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Indian_politics) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_India/Assessment) India (/wiki/Portal:India) ; Politics (/wiki/Portal:Politics) Ferdinand Icatlo Pakistani politics (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Pakistani_politics) yes Pakistan (/wiki/Portal:Pakistan) ; Politics (/wiki/Portal:Politics) Ferdinand Icatlo Peerage and Baronetage (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Peerage_and_Baronetage) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical/Europe#United_Kingdom) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Politics of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Politics_of_the_United_Kingdom) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Politics_of_the_United_Kingdom/Assessment) United Kingdom (/wiki/Portal:United_Kingdom) ; Politics (/wiki/Portal:Politics) Ferdinand Icatlo U.S. Congress (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Congress) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Congress/Assessment) United States (/wiki/Portal:United_States) Ferdinand Icatlo United States Constitution (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_United_States_Constitution) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_United_States_Constitution/Assessment) United States (/wiki/Portal:United_States) Ferdinand Icatlo United States Government (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_United_States_Government) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_United_States_Government/Assessment) United States (/wiki/Portal:United_States) International [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo International relations (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_International_relations) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_International_relations/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo → Bilateral relations task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_International_relations/Bilateral_relations_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo International Development (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_International_Development) no Ferdinand Icatlo International law (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_International_law) (main listing here (#Law) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Power in international relations (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Power_in_international_relations) no yes (/wiki/Template:PIIR_article) Ferdinand Icatlo Sanitation (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Sanitation) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Sanitation/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Taxation (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Taxation) (main listing here (#Law) ) Ferdinand Icatlo United Nations (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_United_Nations) no Sub-project of WikiProject International relations Ferdinand Icatlo Water (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Water) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#Chemistry) ) Law [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Law (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Law) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Law/Assessment) Law (/wiki/Portal:Law) Ferdinand Icatlo Animal rights (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Animal_rights) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Animal_rights/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Animal_rights/Peer_Review) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Animal_rights/Collaboration) Ferdinand Icatlo Australian law (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Australian_law) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/Australian_law_articles_by_quality_statistics) Australia (/wiki/Portal:Australia) ; Law (/wiki/Portal:Law) Ferdinand Icatlo Canadian law (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Canadian_law) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Canada/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Canadian_politics) Canada (/wiki/Portal:Canada) ; Law (/wiki/Portal:Law) Ferdinand Icatlo Intellectual Property (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Intellectual_property) no Ferdinand Icatlo International law (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_International_law) no Law (/wiki/Portal:Law) Ferdinand Icatlo Law Enforcement (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Law_Enforcement) (main listing here (#Law_enforcement) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Parliamentary Procedure (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Parliamentary_Procedure) no Ferdinand Icatlo Taxation (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Taxation) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Taxation/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Taxation/Peer_review) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Taxation/Collaboration) Ferdinand Icatlo U.S. Supreme Court cases (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Supreme_Court_cases) yes United States (/wiki/Portal:United_States) Law enforcement [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Law Enforcement (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Law_Enforcement) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Law_Enforcement/Article_assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Law_Enforcement/Peer_review) Law (/wiki/Portal:Law) Ferdinand Icatlo Correction and Detention Facilities (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Correction_and_Detention_Facilities) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Correction_and_Detention_Facilities/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Australian crime (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Australian_crime) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Australian_crime#Article_assessment) Australia (/wiki/Portal:Australia) ; Law (/wiki/Portal:Law) Ferdinand Icatlo British Crime (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_British_Crime) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical/Europe#United_Kingdom) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Espionage (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Espionage) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Espionage/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo FBI (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_FBI) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_FBI/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo → Organized crime task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Crime_and_Criminal_Biography/Organized_crime_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo Piracy (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Piracy) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Piracy/Assessment) Piracy (/wiki/Portal:Piracy) Ferdinand Icatlo Terrorism (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Terrorism) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Terrorism/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Terrorism/Peer_review) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Terrorism/Collaboration) Transportation [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Transportation","replies":["h-Automobiles-Transportation","h-Aviation-Transportation","h-Highways-Transportation","h-Maritime-Transportation","h-Motorcycles_and_motorcycling-Transportation","h-Rapid_transit-Transportation","h-Streetcars_and_trams-Transportation","h-Trains-Transportation"]}} Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Transport (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Transport) yes Transport (/wiki/Portal:Transport) Ferdinand Icatlo → Maritime transport task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Transport/Maritime_transport_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo Aircraft (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Aircraft) (main listing here (#Aviation) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Australian Transport (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Australian_Transport) yes Ferdinand Icatlo Automobiles (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Automobiles) (main listing here (#Automobiles) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Bridges and Tunnels (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Bridges_and_Tunnels) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Architecture) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Buses (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Buses) no Buses (/wiki/Portal:Buses) Ferdinand Icatlo Greater Boston Public Transit (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Greater_Boston_Public_Transit) no Ferdinand Icatlo Highways (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Highways) (main listing here (#Highways) ) Ferdinand Icatlo London Transport (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_London_Transport) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_London_Transport/Assessment) London transport (/wiki/Portal:London_transport) Ferdinand Icatlo Motorcycles (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Motorcycling) (main listing here (#Motorcycles_and_motorcycling) ) Ferdinand Icatlo New England Public Transit (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_New_England_Public_Transit) no Ferdinand Icatlo New York City Public Transportation (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_New_York_City_Public_Transportation) yes Ferdinand Icatlo Ports (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ports) no Ferdinand Icatlo Rapid transit (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Rapid_transit) (main listing here (#Rapid_transit) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Rocketry (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Rocketry) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#Spaceflight) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Sailing (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Sailing) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture/Sports#Water_sports) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Ships (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ships) (main listing here (#Maritime) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Spaceflight (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Spaceflight) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#Spaceflight) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Stations (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Stations) yes Trains (/wiki/Portal:Trains) Ferdinand Icatlo Trains (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Trains) (main listing here (#Trains) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Transport in Scotland (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Transport_in_Scotland) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Transport_in_Scotland/Assessment) Transport (/wiki/Portal:Transport) ; United Kingdom (/wiki/Portal:United_Kingdom) Ferdinand Icatlo UK Waterways (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_UK_Waterways) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical/Europe#United_Kingdom) ) Automobiles [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Automobiles (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Automobiles) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Automobiles/Assessment) Cars (/wiki/Portal:Cars) Aviation [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Aviation (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Aviation) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Aviation/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Aviation/Review) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Aviation/Collaboration) Aviation (/wiki/Portal:Aviation) Ferdinand Icatlo → Aerospace biography task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Aviation/Aerospace_biography_task_force) Aviation (/wiki/Portal:Aviation) Ferdinand Icatlo → Air sports task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Aviation/Air_sports_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Aviation accident task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Aviation/Aviation_accident_task_force) Aviation (/wiki/Portal:Aviation) Ferdinand Icatlo Aircraft (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Aircraft) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Aircraft/Assessment) Aviation (/wiki/Portal:Aviation) Ferdinand Icatlo → Engines task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Aircraft/Engines) Ferdinand Icatlo → Rotorcraft task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Aircraft/Rotorcraft_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo Airlines (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Airlines) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Aviation/Assessment) Aviation (/wiki/Portal:Aviation) Ferdinand Icatlo → Defunct airlines task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Airlines/Defunct_airlines_task_force) Aviation (/wiki/Portal:Aviation) Ferdinand Icatlo Airports (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Airports) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Airports/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Gliding (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Gliding) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Aviation/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Military aviation (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Military_aviation_task_force) (main listing here (#Military_and_warfare) ) Highways [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Highways (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Highways) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Highways/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Highways/Peer_review) Roads (/wiki/Portal:Roads) Ferdinand Icatlo → Africa (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Highways/Africa) Ferdinand Icatlo → Asia (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Highways/Asia) Ferdinand Icatlo → Europe (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Highways/Europe) Ferdinand Icatlo → Hong Kong (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Highways/Hong_Kong) Ferdinand Icatlo → Latin America (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Highways/Latin_America) Ferdinand Icatlo → Oceania (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Highways/Oceania) Ferdinand Icatlo → South Africa (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Highways/South_Africa) Ferdinand Icatlo → United Kingdom (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Highways/United_Kingdom) Roads (/wiki/Portal:Roads) ; United Kingdom (/wiki/Portal:United_Kingdom) Ferdinand Icatlo Australia Roads (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Australian_Roads) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Highways/Peer_review) Roads (/wiki/Portal:Roads) Ferdinand Icatlo Indian Roads (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Indian_roads) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Highways/Peer_review) Roads (/wiki/Portal:Roads) Canada roads [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Canada Roads (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Canada_Roads) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Canada_Roads/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Highways/Peer_review) Canada (/wiki/Portal:Canada) ; Roads (/wiki/Portal:Roads) Portal:Canada (/wiki/Portal:Canada) Ferdinand Icatlo → Ontario (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Canada_Roads/Ontario) Portal:Ontario (/wiki/Portal:Ontario) , full subproject Ferdinand Icatlo → Quebec (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Canada_Roads/Quebec) Ferdinand Icatlo → Saskatchewan (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Canada_Roads/Saskatchewan) United States highways [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo U.S. Roads (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Highways/Peer_review) U.S. Roads (/wiki/Portal:U.S._Roads) Ferdinand Icatlo → Alabama (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Alabama) Ferdinand Icatlo → Alaska (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Alaska) Ferdinand Icatlo → Arizona (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Arizona) Ferdinand Icatlo → Arkansas (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Arkansas) Ferdinand Icatlo → California (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/California) Ferdinand Icatlo → Colorado (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Colorado) Ferdinand Icatlo → Connecticut (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Connecticut) Ferdinand Icatlo → District of Columbia (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/District_of_Columbia) Ferdinand Icatlo → Florida (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Florida) Ferdinand Icatlo → Georgia (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Georgia) Ferdinand Icatlo → Hawaii (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Hawaii) Ferdinand Icatlo → Idaho (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Idaho) Ferdinand Icatlo → Illinois (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Illinois) Ferdinand Icatlo → Indiana (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Indiana) Ferdinand Icatlo → Iowa (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Iowa) Ferdinand Icatlo → Kansas (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Kansas) Ferdinand Icatlo → Kentucky (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Kentucky) Ferdinand Icatlo → Louisiana (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Louisiana) Ferdinand Icatlo → Maine (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Maine) Ferdinand Icatlo → Maryland (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Maryland) Ferdinand Icatlo → Massachusetts (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Massachusetts) Ferdinand Icatlo → Michigan (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Michigan) Michigan Highways (/wiki/Portal:Michigan_Highways) Ferdinand Icatlo → Minnesota (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Minnesota) Ferdinand Icatlo → Mississippi (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Mississippi) Ferdinand Icatlo → Missouri (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Missouri) Ferdinand Icatlo → Montana (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Montana) Ferdinand Icatlo → Nebraska (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Nebraska) Ferdinand Icatlo → Nevada (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Nevada) Ferdinand Icatlo → New Hampshire (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/New_Hampshire) Ferdinand Icatlo → New Jersey (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/New_Jersey) Ferdinand Icatlo → New Mexico (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/New_Mexico) Ferdinand Icatlo → New York (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/New_York) Ferdinand Icatlo → North Carolina (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/North_Carolina) Ferdinand Icatlo → North Dakota (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/North_Dakota) Ferdinand Icatlo → Ohio (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Ohio) Ferdinand Icatlo → Oklahoma (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Oklahoma) Ferdinand Icatlo → Oregon (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Oregon) Ferdinand Icatlo → Pennsylvania (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Pennsylvania) Ferdinand Icatlo → Puerto Rico (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Puerto_Rico) Ferdinand Icatlo → Rhode Island (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Rhode_Island) Ferdinand Icatlo → South Carolina (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/South_Carolina) Ferdinand Icatlo → South Dakota (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/South_Dakota) Ferdinand Icatlo → Tennessee (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Tennessee) Ferdinand Icatlo → Territories (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Territories) Covers American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Marianas and the U.S. Virgin Islands Ferdinand Icatlo → Texas (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Texas) Ferdinand Icatlo → Utah (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Utah) Ferdinand Icatlo → Vermont (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Vermont) Ferdinand Icatlo → Virginia (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Virginia) Ferdinand Icatlo → Washington (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Washington) Ferdinand Icatlo → West Virginia (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/West_Virginia) Ferdinand Icatlo → Wisconsin (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Wisconsin) Ferdinand Icatlo → Wyoming (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_U.S._Roads/Wyoming) Maritime [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Australian maritime history (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Australian_maritime_history) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Australia/Assessment) Australia (/wiki/Portal:Australia) ; History (/wiki/Portal:History) Ferdinand Icatlo Irish Maritime (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Irish_Maritime) no Ireland (/wiki/Portal:Ireland) Ferdinand Icatlo Maritime warfare (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history/Maritime_warfare_task_force) (main listing here (#Military_and_warfare) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Ports (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ports) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ports/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Sailing (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Sailing) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture/Sports#Water_sports) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Ships (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ships) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ships/Assessment) Motorcycles and motorcycling [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Motorcycling (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Motorcycling) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Motorcycling/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Motorcycling#Collaboration_and_review) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Motorcycling#Collaboration_and_review) Project founded 2006; 134 enrolled members; featured in Cycle World (/wiki/Cycle_World) [1] (http://www.cycleworld.com/2014/02/06/wikipedia-motorcycle-project-free-source-of-reliable-information-for-motorcyclist/) Ferdinand Icatlo Motorcycle racing (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Motorcycle_racing) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture/Sports#Motorsport) ) Rapid transit [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Rapid transit (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Rapid_transit) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Rapid_transit#Article_assessment) Trains (/wiki/Portal:Trains) Needs more members. Ferdinand Icatlo London Transport (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_London_Transport) (main listing here (#Transportation) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Metros of the former Soviet Union (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Metros_of_the_former_Soviet_Union) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Metros_of_the_former_Soviet_Union/Assessment) Trains (/wiki/Portal:Trains) Ferdinand Icatlo Washington Metro (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Washington_Metro) no Trains (/wiki/Portal:Trains) Streetcars and trams [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Streetcars (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Streetcars) yes Trains (/wiki/Portal:Trains) Ferdinand Icatlo UK Trams (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_UK_Trams) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_UK_Trams/Assessment) Trains (/wiki/Portal:Trains) ; United Kingdom (/wiki/Portal:United_Kingdom) Trains [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Trains (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Trains) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Trains/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Trains/Peer_review) Trains (/wiki/Portal:Trains) Task forces are listed on the project navbox (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Trains/nav) Ferdinand Icatlo Greater Boston Public Transit (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Greater_Boston_Public_Transit) no Ferdinand Icatlo Indian railways (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Indian_railways) yes Trains (/wiki/Portal:Trains) Ferdinand Icatlo London Transport (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_London_Transport) (main listing here (#Transportation) ) Ferdinand Icatlo New England Public Transit (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_New_England_Public_Transit) no Ferdinand Icatlo New York City Public Transportation (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_New_York_City_Public_Transportation) yes New York City (/wiki/Portal:New_York_City) ; Transport (/wiki/Portal:Transport) Ferdinand Icatlo New Zealand Railways (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_New_Zealand_Railways) no Ferdinand Icatlo Optare (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Optare) no Ferdinand Icatlo Stations (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Stations) yes Trains (/wiki/Portal:Trains) Ferdinand Icatlo Trains in Japan (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Trains_in_Japan) no Trains (/wiki/Portal:Trains) Ferdinand Icatlo UK Railways (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_UK_Railways) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_UK_Railways/Assessment) Trains (/wiki/Portal:Trains) Ferdinand Icatlo Washington Metro (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Washington_Metro) (main listing here (#Rapid_transit) ) Society [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Society","replies":["h-General_topics-Society","h-Ethnic_groups-Society","h-Ethnic_conflict_resolution_projects-Society","h-Holidays_and_festivals-Society","h-Sociology-Society","h-Cloth_and_clothing-Society"]}} General topics [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Ageing and culture (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ageing_and_culture) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ageing_and_culture/Assessment) Society (/wiki/Portal:Society) Ferdinand Icatlo Agriculture (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Agriculture) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Agriculture/Assessment) Agriculture (/wiki/Portal:Agriculture) Ferdinand Icatlo → Ag-Ed task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Agriculture/Ag-Ed_Task_Force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Beekeeping task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Agriculture/Beekeeping_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Livestock task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Agriculture/Livestock_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo Alternative views (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Alternative_views) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Alternative_Views/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Animal rights (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Animal_rights) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Animal_rights/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Animal_rights/Peer_Review) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Animal_rights/Collaboration) Animals (/wiki/Portal:Animals) Looking for more members Ferdinand Icatlo Anthropology (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Anthropology) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Anthropology/Collaboration_of_the_month) Ferdinand Icatlo Autism (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Autism) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Autism/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Autism/Peer_review) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Autism/Collaboration) Looking for more members Ferdinand Icatlo Appalachia (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Appalachia) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical/Americas#United_States) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Business (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Business) (main listing here (#Business_and_economics) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Corruption (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Corruption) no Ferdinand Icatlo Cultural Evolution (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Cultural_Evolution) no Ferdinand Icatlo Disability (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Disability) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Disability/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Disability/Peer_review) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Disability/Collaboration) Looking for more members Ferdinand Icatlo Disaster management (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Disaster_management) (main listing here (#Politics_and_government) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Environment (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Environment) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Environment/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Environment/Collaboration) Environment (/wiki/Portal:Environment) Ferdinand Icatlo → Environmental Record task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Environment/Environmental_Record_task_force) Environment (/wiki/Portal:Environment) Ferdinand Icatlo → Green vehicle task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Environment/Green_vehicle_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Sustainability task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Environment/Sustainability_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo Ethnic groups (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ethnic_groups) (main listing here (#Ethnic_groups) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Fisheries and Fishing (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fisheries_and_Fishing) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fisheries_and_Fishing/Assessment) Fish (/wiki/Portal:Fish) Ferdinand Icatlo Food and drink (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Food_and_drink) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Food_and_drink) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Forestry (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Forestry) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Forestry/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Former countries (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Former_countries) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Former_countries/Assessment) Countries (/wiki/Portal:Countries) Ferdinand Icatlo Globalization (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Globalization) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Globalization/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Globalization/Peer_review) Ferdinand Icatlo Heraldry and vexillology (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Heraldry_and_vexillology) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Heraldry_and_vexillology/Assessment) Heraldry (/wiki/Portal:Heraldry) Ferdinand Icatlo Historical information (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Historical_information) no Adding needed historical information to articles that are not specifically historical. Ferdinand Icatlo History of science (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_History_of_Science) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#History_of_science) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Holidays (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Holidays) (main listing here (#Holidays_and_festivals) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Home Living (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Home_Living) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Home_Living/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Home_Living/Collaboration) Housing (/wiki/Portal:Housing) Ferdinand Icatlo Human rights (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Human_rights) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Human_rights/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Human Rights in Sri Lanka (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Human_Rights_in_Sri_Lanka) no Ferdinand Icatlo Intelligence Agency (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Intelligence_Agency) (main listing here (#Law_enforcement) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Leaders by year (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Leaders_by_year) no Ferdinand Icatlo Nonviolence (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Nonviolence) no Ferdinand Icatlo Political figures (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Political_figures) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Biography) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Biography - Politics and government work group (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Biography/Politics_and_government) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Biography) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Biography - Royalty work group (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Biography/Royalty) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Biography) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Sociology (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Sociology) (main listing here (#Sociology) ) Ferdinand Icatlo → Social movements task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Sociology/Social_movements_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo Psychology (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Psychology) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#Medicine) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Travel and Tourism (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Travel_and_Tourism) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Travel_and_Tourism/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Travel_and_Tourism/COTM) Ferdinand Icatlo Watches (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Watches) (main listing here (#Time) ) Ethnic groups [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Ethnic groups (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ethnic_groups) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ethnic_groups/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ethnic_groups/Peer_review) Ferdinand Icatlo African diaspora‎ (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_African_diaspora) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_African_diaspora/Assessment) Africa (/wiki/Portal:Africa) Ferdinand Icatlo Asian Americans (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Asian_Americans) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Asian_Americans/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Assyria (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Assyria) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Assyria/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Azeri (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Azeri) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical#Azerbaijan) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Basque (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Basque) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical/Europe#Spain) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Berbers (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Berbers) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Berbers/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Clans of Scotland (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Clans_of_Scotland) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical/Europe#Scotland) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Dravidian civilizations (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Dravidian_civilizations) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Dravidian_civilizations/Peer_review) Ferdinand Icatlo Igbo (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Igbo) no Ferdinand Icatlo Indian caste system (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Indian_caste_system) no India (/wiki/Portal:India) Ferdinand Icatlo Indigenous peoples of North America (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Indigenous_peoples_of_North_America) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical/North_America#North_America) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Franco-Americans (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Franco-Americans) no Ferdinand Icatlo Pashtun (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Pashtun) no Ferdinand Icatlo Tamil civilization (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Tamil_civilization) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Tamil_civilization/Peer_review) Ethnic conflict resolution projects [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Sri Lanka Reconciliation (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Sri_Lanka_Reconciliation) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical/Asia#Sri_Lanka) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Israel Palestine Collaboration (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Israel_Palestine_Collaboration) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Israel_Palestine_Collaboration) Israel (/wiki/Portal:Israel) ; Palestine (/wiki/Portal:Palestine) Holidays and festivals [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Festivals (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Festivals) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Festivals/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Holidays (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Holidays) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Holidays/Assessment) Holidays (/wiki/Portal:Holidays) most active during winter period Ferdinand Icatlo → Halloween task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Holidays/Halloween_task_force) Sociology [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Sociology (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Sociology) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Sociology/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo → Social movements task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Sociology/Social_movements_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo AIDS (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_AIDS) (main listing here (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#Health_and_fitness) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Community (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Community) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Community/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Death (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Death) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Death/Assessment) Looking for more members Ferdinand Icatlo → Suicide task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Death/Suicide_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo Discrimination (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Discrimination) no Ferdinand Icatlo Family and relationships (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Family_and_relationships) no Ferdinand Icatlo Feminism (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Feminism) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Feminism/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Feminism/Peer_review) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Feminism/Collaboration) Feminism (/wiki/Portal:Feminism) Looking for more members Ferdinand Icatlo Gender Studies (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Gender_studies) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Gender_studies/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Gender_studies/Peer_review) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Gender_studies/Collaboration) Feminism (/wiki/Portal:Feminism) Looking for more members Ferdinand Icatlo Genealogy (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Genealogy) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Genealogy#Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Genealogy/Collaboration) Looking for more members Ferdinand Icatlo LGBT studies (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_LGBT_studies) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_LGBT_studies/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_LGBT_studies/Peer_review) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_LGBT_studies/Collaboration) LGBT (/wiki/Portal:LGBT) Looking for more members Ferdinand Icatlo Men's Issues (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Men%27s_Issues) no Ferdinand Icatlo Organizations (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Organizations) no Ferdinand Icatlo Organized Labour (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Organized_Labour) (main listing here (#Business_and_economics) ) Ferdinand Icatlo Pedophilia Article Watch (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Pedophilia_Article_Watch) no Sexuality (/wiki/Portal:Sexuality) Ferdinand Icatlo Pornography (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Pornography) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Pornography/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Pornography/Peer_review) Erotica and pornography (/wiki/Portal:Erotica_and_pornography) Ferdinand Icatlo Sexology and Sexuality (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Sexology_and_sexuality) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Sexology_and_sexuality/Assessment) Sexuality (/wiki/Portal:Sexuality) Ferdinand Icatlo Social Work (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Social_Work) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Social_Work/Assessment) Social organizations [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Freemasonry (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Freemasonry) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Freemasonry#Article_assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Freemasonry#Collaboration) Ferdinand Icatlo Orders, decorations, and medals (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Orders,_decorations,_and_medals) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Orders,_decorations,_and_medals/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Furry (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Furry) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Furry/Assessment) Wikipedia:WikiProject Council/Directory/Culture#Crafts and hobbies (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Crafts_and_hobbies) Ferdinand Icatlo Organizations (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Organizations) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Organizations/Assessment) Ferdinand Icatlo Scouting (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Scouting) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Scouting/Assessment) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Scouting#Peer_reviews) yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Scouting#Collaborations) Scouting (/wiki/Portal:Scouting) uses project announcement and WP:PR for PR, covers Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, Girl Guiding, and related groups, Girl Guide/Scout task force and adsorbed the Philmont Scout Ranch project as a task force. Ferdinand Icatlo → Girl Guiding and Girl Scouting task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Scouting/Girl_Guiding_and_Girl_Scouting_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo → Philmont Scout Ranch task force (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Scouting/Philmont_Scout_Ranch_task_force) Ferdinand Icatlo Secret Societies (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Secret_Societies) no Cloth and clothing [ edit ] Back to contents (#top) Project Active Assessment (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_assessments) Peer review (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_peer_reviews) Collaboration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_collaborations) Portal Notes Ferdinand Icatlo Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) no yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion/Assessment) Fashion (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Ferdinand Icatlo → Hats and headgear (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion/WikiProject_Hats_and_Headgear) Ferdinand Icatlo Lace (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lace) no Ferdinand Icatlo Nudity (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Nudity) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Nudity/Assessment) Nudity (/wiki/Portal:Nudity) Ferdinand Icatlo Textile Arts (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Textile_Arts) yes yes (/wiki/Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/Textile_Arts_articles_by_quality) Clothing (/wiki/Portal:Clothing) show v t e WikiProject Council (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council) WikiProject guides (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Guide) WikiProject Council (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council) Talk (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Council) Guidelines/Intro (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Guide) WikiProjects (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Guide/WikiProject) Task forces (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Guide/Task_forces) Technical notes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Guide/Technical_notes) Assessment FAQ (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Assessment_FAQ) Work via WikiProjects (/wiki/Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/Work_via_WikiProjects) Directories and summaries (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory) Directory (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory) Proposals (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Proposals) Deletion (/wiki/Wikipedia:Miscellany_for_deletion/WikiProjects) Signpost (/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_Signpost/Series/WikiProject_report) Shortcuts (/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut_directory/Project_shortcuts) Popular pages (/wiki/User:Community_Tech_bot/Popular_pages) Database reports (/wiki/Wikipedia:Database_reports) Watchers (/wiki/Wikipedia:Database_reports/WikiProject_watchers) Culture and the arts (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture) Arts (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Arts) Music (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture/Music) Performing (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Performing_arts) Plastic (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Plastic_arts) Visual (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Visual_arts) Broadcasting (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Broadcasting) Crafts and hobbies (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Crafts_and_hobbies) Entertainment (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Entertainment) Games and toys (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture/Games) Food and drink (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Food_and_drink) Internet culture (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Internet_culture) Language and literature (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture/Language_and_literature) Biography (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture/Language_and_literature#Biography) Linguistics (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture/Language_and_literature#Linguistics) Media (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture#Media) Philosophy and religion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture/Philosophy_and_religion) Sports (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Culture/Sports) Geographical (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical) Bodies of water (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical#Bodies_of_water) Cities (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical#Cities) Countries (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical#Countries) Africa (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical/Africa) Americas (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical/Americas) Asia (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical/Asia) Europe (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical/Europe) Oceania (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical/Oceania) Landforms (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical#Landforms) Maps (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical#Maps) Parks, conservation areas and historical sites (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Geographical#Parks,_conservation_areas,_and_historical_sites) History and society History and society (#History_and_society) Business and economics (#Business_and_economics) Education (#Education) Military and warfare (#Military_and_warfare) Politics and government (#Politics_and_government) Transportation (#Transportation) Science, technology (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science) and engineering (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science) Science (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#Science) Biology (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#Biology) Chemistry (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#Chemistry) Economics (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#Economics) Geosciences (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#Geosciences) Information science (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#Information_science) Mathematics (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#Mathematics) Medicine (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#Medicine) Meteorology (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#Meteorology) Physics (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#Physics) Space (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#Space) Technology (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#Technology) Time (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Science#Time) Wikipedia assistance (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Wikipedia) and tasks (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Wikipedia) Contents systems (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Wikipedia#Contents_systems) Maintenance (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Wikipedia#Maintenance) Files (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Directory/Wikipedia#Files) Article improvement and grading 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British fashion company CuteCircuit Founded 2004 Founders Francesca Rosella and Ryan Genz Headquarters London , United Kingdom Website www (http://www.cutecircuit.com) .cutecircuit (http://www.cutecircuit.com) .com (http://www.cutecircuit.com) CuteCircuit ( / (/wiki/Help:IPA/English) ˌ k j uː t ˈ s ɜːr k ɪ t / (/wiki/Help:IPA/English) KYOOT - SUR -kit [1] (#cite_note-1) ) is a fashion company based in London founded in 2004 by Ryan Genz and Francesca Rosella. CuteCircuit designs wearable technology (/wiki/Wearable_technology) and interactive fashion. [2] (#cite_note-2) All CuteCircuit garments are designed by Francesca Rosella and Ryan Genz. [3] (#cite_note-3) CuteCircuit was the first fashion company offering smart textile-based garments that create an emotional experience for their wearers using smart textiles and micro electronics. [4] (#cite_note-4) With the launch of the first collection in 2004, design critic John Thackara (/wiki/John_Thackara) referred to Francesca Rosella as "The Madonna of wearable computing". [5] (#cite_note-5) The transformational creations from CuteCircuit have been cited as being an inspiration and precursor to the work of other avant-garde designers such as the Hussein Chalayan. [6] (#cite_note-6) The garments have been worn by celebrities including Irina Shayk (/wiki/Irina_Shayk) , Fergie (/wiki/Fergie_(singer)) , Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) . [7] (#cite_note-7) Collections [ edit ] Projects [ edit ] Kinetic Dress The Kinetic Dress designed by CuteCircuit in 2004. It represents an interaction between garment and wearer's activities and mood; it lights up and changes its patterns following the person's movement . [8] (#cite_note-8) Hug Shirt The Hug Shirt, a T-shirt that recreates the sensation of touch, warmth and emotion of a hug from the distant one using Bluetooth and sensors technology. The Hug Shirt was awarded as one of the Best Inventions of The Year by Time (/wiki/Time_(magazine)) magazine in 2006 [9] (#cite_note-9) and also awarded with the First Prize at Ciberart Conference in Bilbao (/wiki/Bilbao) , Spain. [10] (#cite_note-10) M Dress In 2008 CuteCircuit designed the M Dress that accepts a standard SIM card and allows to make and receive calls anytime, everywhere, without having to carry a cellular phone. [11] (#cite_note-11) Galaxy Dress It is the world's largest wearable LED display (24,000 full colour LEDs). The Galaxy Dress is the center piece of the "Fast Forward: Inventing the Future" exhibit at the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago. [12] (#cite_note-12) TshirtOS Designed by CuteCircuit in partnership with Ballantine's, tshirtOS is the world's first wearable, sharable, programmable T-shirt, that can be programmed by an iOS app to show images and texts, play music, take photos and share them with everybody. [13] (#cite_note-13) CuteCircuit designs dresses and costumes for international artist special performances or tours. Such as, Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) 's catsuit for her performance in American Idol, [14] (#cite_note-14) U2 leather jackets for their U2 360 Tour (/wiki/U2_360_Tour) , Laura Pausini four and a half meters skirt for her Inedito World Tour (/wiki/Inedito_World_Tour) [15] (#cite_note-15) or Azerbaijani representative for Eurovision Song Contest 2010 (/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2010) Safura Alizadeh (/wiki/Safura_Alizadeh) dress. [16] (#cite_note-16) Prêt-à-Porter and Haute Couture [ edit ] CuteCircuit product line is formed by the Prêt-à-Porter (/wiki/Pr%C3%AAt-%C3%A0-Porter) Collection, the Haute Couture (/wiki/Haute_Couture) Collection and special tailored pieces for private customers and celebrities. The Prêt-à-Porter Collection includes fashionable pieces made of laser cut reflective materials, 3-D digital print and smart textiles. They have successfully redesigned their iconic haute couture pieces for the prêt-à-porter market; for example, the K Dress inspired by Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) 's dress for Met Gala (/wiki/Met_Gala) 2010 [17] (#cite_note-17) was the first interactive fashion garment to be featured in Selfridges (/wiki/Selfridges) womenswear department. [18] (#cite_note-18) More recently CuteCircuit has launched the World's First Couture Twitter Dress, an evening dress worn for the first time by Nicole Scherzinger (/wiki/Nicole_Scherzinger) which is able to receive and show tweets (/wiki/Twitter) sent in real time by fans. [19] (#cite_note-19) Awards and exhibitions [ edit ] CuteCircuit is featured in numerous books and publications such as "100 Ideas that Changed Fashion", "World Changing" edited by Alex Steffen with a foreword by Al Gore, "Fashioning the Future" by Suzanne Lee (/wiki/Suzanne_Lee) , "Fashionable Technology: The Intersection of Design, Fashion, Science, and Technology" by Sabine Seymour (/wiki/Sabine_Seymour) , [20] (#cite_note-20) "Smart Materials in Architecture, Interior Architecture and Design by Axel Ritter", [21] (#cite_note-21) "Interior Architecture and Design", "Sex Design" and "Designing for Interaction". Many of CuteCircuit products have also been published in magazines and newspapers, such as Huffington Post , [22] (#cite_note-22) Time , [23] (#cite_note-23) Elle , Design Matters , Stuff , Wired , [24] (#cite_note-24) The Daily Telegraph , [25] (#cite_note-25) The Times , The Financial Times , Fashionology [26] (#cite_note-26) and CuteCircuit was featured in Surface for the Avantguardian special issue covering the "American Avant Garde" CuteCircuit products and interviews have been featured on BBC "The next generation of wearable tech", [27] (#cite_note-27) BBC Global India, [28] (#cite_note-28) BBC Arabia, [29] (#cite_note-29) Channel 4 "Home of the Future", [30] (#cite_note-30) Discovery Channel International, [31] (#cite_note-31) Channel 5 "The Gadget Show", National Geographic Television, BBC World Technology, BBC Live at Five, BBC Go-Digital, National Japanese Television, and Current TV. Its work has been exhibited at the NEMO Science Museum in Amsterdam, [32] (#cite_note-32) SIGGRAPH, [33] (#cite_note-33) Design and Emotion Conference, International Symposium of Wearable Computing, 'How Smart are We?' Symposium at RIBA, 'Tomorrow's Textiles' at the Science Museum in London, Test_Lab: Fashionable Technology at the Institute for the Unstable Media in Rotterdam, [34] (#cite_note-34) Gravity Free 2008 and Fast Forward...Inventing the Future in Chicago's Museum of Science and Industry, [35] (#cite_note-35) INKtalks 2012 conference in India, [36] (#cite_note-36) MindTrek 2009 conference in Finland, Connected Body at Picnic Festival in Amsterdam, [37] (#cite_note-37) Techno Threads at the Science Gallery in Dublin, IDMAa Conference, [38] (#cite_note-38) The Mobile World Congress, [39] (#cite_note-39) Ethical Fashion Show, Smart Fabrics/Interactive Textiles SFIT in Washington, Nordic Exceptional Trendshop in Denmark and at WIRED NextFest for two consecutive years in New York City and Los Angeles. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Innovation and Wearable Technology Fashion - CuteCircuit" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=slVXG79clMA) . YouTube . 4 September 2020 . Retrieved 2 July 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "A Q&A With CuteCircuit" (https://web.archive.org/web/20121010233814/http://thecreatorsproject.com/blog/designing-tech-couture-for-katy-perry-a-qa-with-cutecircuit) . Archived from the original (http://thecreatorsproject.com/blog/designing-tech-couture-for-katy-perry-a-qa-with-cutecircuit) on 10 October 2012 . Retrieved 26 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Interaction Design Institute Ivrea" (http://interactionivrea.org/en/people/alumni/2003/index.asp) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Pioneers in Wearable Technology" (http://www.tedxsilkroad.com/?p=845) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Design Observer, Smart Dressers" (http://designobserver.com/feature/new-dark-ages-november-2004/21708) . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "L'urgence du Mouvement" (https://web.archive.org/web/20171212052849/http://www.maisondexceptions.com/hussein-chalayan-lurgence-du-mouvement/) . Archived from the original (http://www.maisondexceptions.com/hussein-chalayan-lurgence-du-mouvement/) on 12 December 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-7) Knowles, Kitty. "Meet CuteCircuit: The British Fashion Tech Brand Loved By Fergie And Katy Perry" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/kittyknowles/2018/03/29/cutecircuits-fantastic-fashion-tech-world-firsts/) . Forbes . Retrieved 19 March 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Kinetic and Camaleon Garments" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130719114614/http://we-make-money-not-art.com/archives/2004/11/cute-circuit-an.php) . Archived from the original (http://www.we-make-money-not-art.com/archives/2004/11/cute-circuit-an.php) on 19 July 2013 . Retrieved 26 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Best Inventions of 2006" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100501160901/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1939342_1939424_1939709,00.html) . Time (/wiki/Time_(magazine)) . 13 November 2006. Archived from the original (http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1939342_1939424_1939709,00.html) on 1 May 2010. ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Premiados Ciberart" (https://web.archive.org/web/20090105174329/http://www.ciberartfestival.net/premiados.pdf) (PDF) . Archived from the original (http://www.ciberartfestival.net/premiados.pdf) (PDF) on 5 January 2009 . Retrieved 26 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Blake, Heidi (31 August 2010). "The Telegraph"Little black dress that's also a phone" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/7972656/Little-black-dress-thats-also-a-phone.html) " (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/7972656/Little-black-dress-thats-also-a-phone.html) . The Daily Telegraph . London. ^ (#cite_ref-12) Ganapati, Priya (12 November 2009). "WIRED"Designer Duo Create Dress With 24,000 LEDs" (https://www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2009/11/led-dress/) " (https://www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2009/11/led-dress/) . Wired . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Ecouterre - Wearable Technology" (http://www.ecouterre.com/meet-tshirtos-a-programmable-t-shirt-that-displays-your-tweets/) . 13 August 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Wearables: CuteCircuit Turns Katy Perry into Interactive Digital Scenography; Fashion Visualists" (http://createdigitalmotion.com/2011/04/wearables-cutecircuit-turns-katy-perry-into-interactive-digital-scenography-fashion-visualists/) . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "The world's longest illuminated skirt" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151117020958/http://www.talk2myshirt.com/blog/archives/5728) . Archived from the original (http://www.talk2myshirt.com/blog/archives/5728) on 17 November 2015 . Retrieved 26 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Safura" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151117015736/http://www.talk2myshirt.com/blog/archives/4300) . Archived from the original (http://www.talk2myshirt.com/blog/archives/4300) on 17 November 2015 . Retrieved 26 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Vogue: "See who shined on the red carpet at the Costume Institute Gala" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/celebrity-photos/2010/05/04/costume-institute-gala-2010/gallery#/image/1) " (https://www.vogue.co.uk/spy/celebrity-photos/2010/05/04/costume-institute-gala-2010/gallery#/image/1) . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "YAY! Selfridges Are Selling Katy Perry Light Up Dresses!" (http://www.graziadaily.co.uk/fashion/archive/2010/09/02/yay-selfridges-are-selling-katy-perry-light-up-dresses.htm) . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Krupnick, Ellie (2 November 2012). "Twitter Dress" (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/11/02/twitter-dress-nicole-scherzinger-photos_n_2064299.html) . The Huffington Post . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Seymour, Sabine (7 June 2009). Fashionable Technology: The Intersection of Design, Fashion, Science, and Technology by Sabine Seymour . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9783211745007 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Ritter, Axel (21 November 2006). Smart Materials in Architecture, Interior Architecture and Design by Axel Ritter . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9783764373276 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Hines, Alice (16 March 2012). "CuteCircuit's Electric Fashion: Light Up Dresses Have Hundreds Of LED Bulbs In Fabric!" (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/03/16/cute-circuit-light-up-dress_n_1353212.html) . Huffington Post . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Best Inventions of the year" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100501160901/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1939342_1939424_1939709,00.html) . Time . 13 November 2006. Archived from the original (http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1939342_1939424_1939709,00.html) on 1 May 2010. ^ (#cite_ref-24) "The Hug Shirt, CuteCircuit" (https://www.wired.com/wired/archive/14.09/nextdesign.html) . Wired . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Blake, Heidi (31 August 2010). "The Telegraph:"Little black dress that's also a phone" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/7972656/Little-black-dress-thats-also-a-phone.html) " (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/7972656/Little-black-dress-thats-also-a-phone.html) . The Daily Telegraph . London. ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Fashionology" (http://fashionologyuk.wordpress.com/tag/cutecircuit/) . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "BBC:"The next generation of wearable technology" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/click_online/9699488.stm) " (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/click_online/9699488.stm) . BBC News . 24 February 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-28) "BBC Global India" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/hindi/multimedia/2013/02/130222_twitter_dress_globalindia_psa.shtml) . BBC News . 23 February 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-29) "BBC Arabia" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xTtVtYhDcpg) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . ^ (#cite_ref-30) "Channel 4: "Home of the Future" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9p-eWcr4WE&feature=player_embedded) " (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9p-eWcr4WE&feature=player_embedded) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "Discovery Channel International:"One Step Beyond: The Hug Shirt" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120509215543/http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/32392-one-step-beyond-the-hug-shirt-video.htm) " (https://web.archive.org/web/20120509215543/http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/32392-one-step-beyond-the-hug-shirt-video.htm) . Archived from the original (http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/32392-one-step-beyond-the-hug-shirt-video.htm) on 9 May 2012 . Retrieved 26 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) "TransforMe collection developed for the NEMO Science Museum event "How Smart Are You Dressed Tomorrow?" (http://www.tech-wear.co.uk/web/Mystique.php) " (http://www.tech-wear.co.uk/web/Mystique.php) . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "SIGGRAPH" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160303234857/http://www.siggraph.org/s2005/main.php?f=conference&p=events) . Archived from the original (http://www.siggraph.org/s2005/main.php?f=conference&p=events) on 3 March 2016 . Retrieved 26 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "Test_Lab: "Fashionable Technology " (http://www.v2.nl/events/test_lab-fashionable-technology) " (http://www.v2.nl/events/test_lab-fashionable-technology) . ^ (#cite_ref-35) "Museum of Science and Industry of Chicago" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120122120625/http://www.msichicago.org/whats-here/exhibits/fastforward/the-innovators/cutecircuit) . Archived from the original (http://www.msichicago.org/whats-here/exhibits/fastforward/the-innovators/cutecircuit/) on 22 January 2012 . Retrieved 26 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-36) "INKtalks 2012" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151117021122/http://www.inktalks.com/discover/295/francesca-rosella-the-future-of-fashion) . Archived from the original (http://www.inktalks.com/discover/295/francesca-rosella-the-future-of-fashion) on 17 November 2015 . Retrieved 13 March 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-37) "Picnic" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120211091505/http://archive.picnicnetwork.org/person/54624/en) . Archived from the original (http://archive.picnicnetwork.org/person/54624/en) on 11 February 2012 . Retrieved 26 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-38) "Test_Lab: "Fashionable Technology" (http://www.idmaa.org/idmaa2011/?page_id=241) " (http://www.idmaa.org/idmaa2011/?page_id=241) . ^ (#cite_ref-39) Veljovic, Eloise (22 February 2009). "The Guardian:"If nobody else will, here's a shirt that'll give you a hug" (https://www.theguardian.com/money/2009/feb/22/mobile-phone-technology) " (https://www.theguardian.com/money/2009/feb/22/mobile-phone-technology) . London. 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A soldier of the Grenadier Guards (/wiki/Grenadier_Guards) wearing a ceremonial tunic in 2009. A military tunic is a type of medium length coat (/wiki/Coat_(clothing)) or jacket (/wiki/Jacket) , the lower hem of which reaches down to the thighs all the way round. It is named after the tunic (/wiki/Tunic) , a garment of similar length worn in Ancient Rome (/wiki/Ancient_Rome) . Development [ edit ] In the second half of the seventeenth and into the eighteenth century, European soldiers wore a coat of a similar style to the civilian justacorps (/wiki/Justacorps) , which had wide skirts and was decorated with lace at the front and had broad cuffs. As the eighteenth century progressed, coats became tighter and broad lapels (/wiki/Lapel) to expose the facing colour (/wiki/Facing_colour) were introduced, initially in the Prussian Army (/wiki/Prussian_Army) . The skirts of the coat were turned back to form tails; this was initially a mark of the dragoon (/wiki/Dragoon) cavalry (/wiki/Cavalry) , but was soon adopted by the infantry (/wiki/Infantry) too. [1] (#cite_note-1) By the start of the nineteenth century, this had evolved into a jacket that was cut to waist level at the front and had a short tail behind; in the British Army (/wiki/British_Army) , this was called a " coatee (/wiki/Coatee) ". [2] (#cite_note-2) A coat with a skirt that reached down to thigh length had been introduced into both the Russian (/wiki/Imperial_Russian_Army) and Prussian armies at the end of the Napoleonic Wars, but was not widely adopted. However, by the end of the 1830s, there was a feeling that uniforms didn't offer soldiers sufficient protection from the elements or freedom of movement. While Russia experimented again with the tunic, Prussia adopted them for their whole army in 1842. [3] (#cite_note-3) Adoption [ edit ] France followed Prussia's lead, introducing a tunic for their line infantry in 1845. [4] (#cite_note-4) In 1851, the US Army (/wiki/US_Army) introduced a long type of tunic which they called a "frock coat". [5] (#cite_note-5) The British eventually followed suit in 1855, their initial French-style double breasted (/wiki/Double_breasted) tunic being replaced by a single breasted (/wiki/Single_breasted) version in the following year. [6] (#cite_note-6) The tunic became almost universal military wear; at the start of the twentieth century, when the need for some kind of concealment became apparent, armies changed to drab coloured uniforms, the British and Americans in 1902, the Germans in 1910. [7] (#cite_note-7) In the British Army, the tunic continued as a field uniform until the introduction of British Battledress (/wiki/British_Battledress) in 1938; [8] (#cite_note-8) the tunic continues to be worn for formal and ceremonial occasions. Non-military use [ edit ] The military tunic was quickly adopted by civilian organisations that needed a smart and practical uniform. It was introduced into the Royal Mail (/wiki/Royal_Mail) in 1868, [9] (#cite_note-9) and by the Metropolitan Police (/wiki/Metropolitan_Police) in 1864, replacing a tail-coat. [10] (#cite_note-10) Gallery [ edit ] Prussian soldiers in tunics, 1845. A member of the Garde nationale mobile in 1848, showing the long-skirted French Army tunic. A Captain the United States Army (/wiki/United_States_Army) during the 1860s wearing the long tunic or " frock coat (/wiki/Frock_coat) " adopted in 1851. A Sergeant Major of the Scots Fusilier Guards (/wiki/Scots_Guards) wearing the double breasted (/wiki/Double_breasted) tunic briefly adopted by the British Army in 1855. A Lieutenant of the New York City Police Department (/wiki/New_York_City_Police_Department) in 1912. A Sergeant Major of the Leicestershire Regiment (/wiki/Royal_Leicestershire_Regiment) during the First World War (/wiki/First_World_War) in the 1907 pattern Service Dress (/wiki/Service_Dress_(British_Army)) tunic, with large patch pockets and a "rise-and-fall" collar. Two British staff officers (/wiki/Staff_officers) wearing the officer's 1913 version of the Service Dress tunic, which featured an open collar revealing a shirt and tie below. Senior British and French officers in 1925 showing contrasting styles of formal uniforms. An officer of the Royal Netherlands Army (/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Army) asks directions from a Metropolitan Police (/wiki/Metropolitan_Police) Officer in London, 1942. Soldiers of the North Korean Army (/wiki/North_Korean_Army) in 2005. See also [ edit ] Adjustierung (/wiki/Adjustierung) Waffenrock (/wiki/Waffenrock) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Kannik, Preben (1968), Military Uniforms of the World in Colour , Blandford Press Ltd, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-71370482-9 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-71370482-9) (pp. 160-161) ^ (#cite_ref-2) Kannik, p.270 ^ (#cite_ref-3) Kannik, p.208 ^ (#cite_ref-4) Kannik, p.212 ^ (#cite_ref-5) Kannik, p.216 ^ (#cite_ref-6) Beckett, Ian F W (2007), Discovering British Regimental Traditions Shire Publications Ltd ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7478-0662-2 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7478-0662-2) (p. 89) ^ (#cite_ref-7) Kannik, pp.234-239 ^ (#cite_ref-8) Kannik, p.245 ^ (#cite_ref-9) "British Postal History - Uniforms" (http://postalheritage.org.uk/page/uniforms) . postalheritage.org.uk . The British Postal Museum & Archive . Retrieved 27 February 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Met Police Timeline » Period 1829 - 1899 (p.6)" (http://www.metpolicehistory.co.uk/1829-1899.html?page=6) . www.metpolicehistory.co.uk . Friends of Met Police Historical Collection . Retrieved 27 February 2014 . 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Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tunic_(military)&oldid=1145148606 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tunic_(military)&oldid=1145148606) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Coats (clothing) (/wiki/Category:Coats_(clothing)) Jackets (/wiki/Category:Jackets) Military uniforms (/wiki/Category:Military_uniforms) History of clothing (Western fashion) (/wiki/Category:History_of_clothing_(Western_fashion)) History of fashion (/wiki/Category:History_of_fashion)
Italian master tailor (1940-2014) Paul Minichiello Born Paul Minichiello ( 1940-12-09 ) December 9, 1940 Civitanova del Sannio (/wiki/Civitanova_del_Sannio) , Italy Died August 1, 2014 (2014-08-01) (aged 73) Occupation Master Tailor Relatives Dino Minichiello (/wiki/Dino_Minichiello) (son) Paul Minichiello (December 9, 1940 – August 1, 2014) was a master tailor who was a fixture in the Vancouver (/wiki/Vancouver) fashion scene for nearly five decades. [1] (#cite_note-1) He rose to prominence in the 1960s and 1970s by attracting a reputation for offering bold, bespoke (/wiki/Bespoke) tailored clothing that challenged more traditional and conservative approaches to men's fashion. [2] (#cite_note-2) His work captured the attention of both local and international celebrities, including musicians Sonny Bono (/wiki/Sonny_Bono) , [3] (#cite_note-Gretzky-3) Carl Weathers (/wiki/Carl_Weathers) , [4] (#cite_note-Weathers-4) Eric Clapton (/wiki/Eric_Clapton) [5] (#cite_note-The_Vancouver_Sun_1978-5) and Randy Bachman (/wiki/Randy_Bachman) ; [6] (#cite_note-Howe-6) professional athletes Bobby Hull (/wiki/Bobby_Hull) , [7] (#cite_note-Hull-7) Gordie Howe (/wiki/Gordie_Howe) [6] (#cite_note-Howe-6) and Wayne Gretzky (/wiki/Wayne_Gretzky) ; [3] (#cite_note-Gretzky-3) and high-profile businessmen Kyle Washington (/w/index.php?title=Kyle_Washington&action=edit&redlink=1) , [8] (#cite_note-Pattison-8) Jim Pattison (/wiki/Jim_Pattison) [8] (#cite_note-Pattison-8) and Jack Poole (/wiki/Jack_Poole) . [6] (#cite_note-Howe-6) In 2011 Paul retired [9] (#cite_note-9) and left control of the family business to his daughter, Julie Minichiello. [10] (#cite_note-10) Early life [ edit ] Paul Minichiello was born in 1940 in Civitanova del Sannio (/wiki/Civitanova_del_Sannio) , a small town in the Italian Province of Isernia (/wiki/Province_of_Isernia) . At the age of five he began sweeping floors in the workshop of a local tailor, but soon moved into the role of apprentice. [11] (#cite_note-Horse-11) Eight years later, at the age of 13, he finished his first suit, which he'd designed for his father, who was emigrating to Vancouver (/wiki/Vancouver) , Canada (/wiki/Canada) . [12] (#cite_note-12) One year later Paul left Italy (/wiki/Italy) and followed his father, making a solo trek to Vancouver (/wiki/Vancouver) . Upon arrival he immediately began working at a variety of local tailors in order to help pay the way for his mother, brothers and sisters to join them. [11] (#cite_note-Horse-11) Career [ edit ] In 1964 Paul opened his own shop, Paul's of North Shore , on Lonsdale Avenue in North Vancouver (/wiki/North_Vancouver_(city)) . [3] (#cite_note-Gretzky-3) Prior to this he'd worked for nine years at Tip Top Tailors (/wiki/Tip_Top_Tailors) , a variety of local tailor shops, and for a brief stint at Louis Roth's fashion manufacturing company in Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) . [13] (#cite_note-Slattery-13) By the time he started his own shop Paul had developed his own unique style, and was making a name for himself as a trendsetter with a style that "appealed greatly to the young and hip 20-35 demographic." [13] (#cite_note-Slattery-13) When asked about his imaginative designs he once said: "You can’t expect a grown man to make the switch from a [more traditional] suit to one of my more creative models in one big step. The transition would be too dramatic." [13] (#cite_note-Slattery-13) During the late 1960s he was often referred to as "the Pierre Cardin (/wiki/Pierre_Cardin) of Lonsdale Avenue," [13] (#cite_note-Slattery-13) a reference to the famous Italian fashion designer. But he disliked this comparison, preferring instead to be known simply as Paul Minichiello—"a guy who doesn’t copy anybody," and "who doesn’t really need to lean on Mr. Cardin or Britain's Hardy Ames for ideas." [13] (#cite_note-Slattery-13) Cultural impact [ edit ] It didn't take long for Paul's unique style to catch the eye of local and international celebrities. Soon after it opened, his modest North Shore (/wiki/North_Shore_(Vancouver)) shop became a regular stop on the travels of many touring musicians, actors, athletes and high-profile businessmen. One famous incident in 1971 saw him outfit Sonny and Cher (/wiki/Sonny_and_Cher) from head to toe for their first ever TV show, The Nitty Gritty Hour (/w/index.php?title=The_Nitty_Gritty_Hour&action=edit&redlink=1) . The couple visited his shop while they were on tour and placed an order so large that he couldn't complete it before they had to leave town again, so he flew to Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) the following week and delivered the order personally. [14] (#cite_note-14) Another incident, in 1978, saw Eric Clapton (/wiki/Eric_Clapton) in town, though Paul was less inclined to bend over backwards. Clapton said he wanted Paul to come to where he was staying and measure him for a white fur parka, to which Paul replied: "If he can’t come down to my store, like everyone else, to hell with him, whoever he is." [5] (#cite_note-The_Vancouver_Sun_1978-5) Later that same year, Penthouse (/wiki/Penthouse_(magazine)) magazine did a feature on the best dressed men in Vancouver (/wiki/Vancouver) , selecting local radio host and devoted Minichiello client Mike Winlaw, who was photographed modelling one of Paul's custom suits. [15] (#cite_note-15) His work was particularly popular among players in the National Hockey League (/wiki/National_Hockey_League) . [16] (#cite_note-16) The trend began with players on the local team, the Vancouver Canucks (/wiki/Vancouver_Canucks) , who in turn served as de facto (/wiki/De_facto) travelling salesmen whose flashy bespoke suits started catching the eye of other players around the league. [7] (#cite_note-Hull-7) Bobby Hull (/wiki/Bobby_Hull) , [7] (#cite_note-Hull-7) Wayne Gretzky (/wiki/Wayne_Gretzky) , [7] (#cite_note-Hull-7) Gordie Howe (/wiki/Gordie_Howe) , [6] (#cite_note-Howe-6) Gerry Cheevers (/wiki/Gerry_Cheevers) , [6] (#cite_note-Howe-6) Pat Quinn (/wiki/Pat_Quinn_(ice_hockey)) , [17] (#cite_note-Quinn-17) Dennis Ververgaert (/wiki/Dennis_Ververgaert) [6] (#cite_note-Howe-6) and Jerry Korab (/wiki/Jerry_Korab) [18] (#cite_note-Korab-18) are counted among some of his most devoted fans, with Korab and Quinn in particular ordering all of their suits exclusively from Paul throughout the remainder of their careers. For three years in a row during this time period, Korab was picked as the NHLs (/wiki/NHL) Best Dressed Player. [3] (#cite_note-Gretzky-3) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Paul Minichiello Obituary". The Vancouver Sun (/wiki/The_Vancouver_Sun) and The Province (/wiki/The_Province) (via Legacy.com (/wiki/Legacy.com) ). 7 August 2014. {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : Missing or empty |url= ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#cite_web_url) ) ^ (#cite_ref-2) Crenna, Carol. "Civil Suits". (February 27, 1994). North Shore News, p.15 ^ a b c d Rattan, Surj. "Master tailor back in business". (April 28, 1991). North Shore News, p.37 ^ (#cite_ref-Weathers_4-0) Empey, Dave (November 28, 1979). "Rocky's ‘Apollo Creed’ pays a visit". The Citizen, p. 33 ^ a b Sidebar in The Vancouver Sun. (Jan 28 1978) p. B3 ^ a b c d e f Empey, Dave (January 29, 1975). "The Golden Jet Suits Up". The Citizen, p 26 ^ a b c d "NV tailor goes state-of-the-art". (February 2, 1992). North Shore News, p. 37 ^ a b "Paul Minichiello: North Shore's clothing designer and tailor extraordinaire". (October 1999). Vancouver Lifestyles ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Our Legacy" (http://minichiello.ca/legacy.htm) . Minichiello Bespoke Couture. Retrieved 2014-06-24. ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Our Team" (http://minichiello.ca/our%20team.htm) . Minichiello Bespoke Couture. Retrieved 2014-06-24. ^ a b "The Clothes Horse: Paul Minichiello and His Fashion Stable. (June 2001). Canadian Thoroughbred ^ (#cite_ref-12) Sidebar in North Shore News. (September 24, 1995) p. 27 ^ a b c d e Slattery, Pat. "About Clothes…" (January 16, 1970). The Vancouver Sun ^ (#cite_ref-14) In "Weekend Wind Down" sidebar by Jack Wasserman, Vancouver Sun (date unknown) ^ (#cite_ref-15) Sidebar in The Vancouver Sun. (March 28, 1978) p. B5 ^ (#cite_ref-16) Sidebar in The Vancouver Sun. (January 28, 1978) p. B3 ^ (#cite_ref-Quinn_17-0) "Quinn Keeps His Cool". (February 14–21). Georgia Straight ^ (#cite_ref-Korab_18-0) "Hawks Try New Threads". (December 27, 1972). 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American fashion blogger & TV presenter (b.1983) Noelle Reno Born ( 1983-12-25 ) December 25, 1983 (age 40) Phoenix, Arizona (/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona) Occupation(s) marketing leader, public speaker, influencer Height 5 ft 9 in (175 cm) Children 1 Elizabeth Noelle Reno (born December 25, 1983), known as Noelle Reno , is an American marketing leader, public speaker, and influencer who currently lives in London (/wiki/London) , United Kingdom. [1] (#cite_note-1) Early life [ edit ] Reno was born in Phoenix, Arizona (/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona) , to parents Carole Ann Reno and Don Reno, a Special Assistant US Attorney (/wiki/United_States_Attorney) . [2] (#cite_note-2) She was raised in Mercer Island (/wiki/Mercer_Island) , a suburb of Seattle, Washington (/wiki/Seattle,_Washington) . [3] (#cite_note-3) Career [ edit ] Her career began as an international teen model for Elite Model Management (/wiki/Elite_Model_Management) . She moved to LA (/wiki/Los_Angeles) in 2000 after being cast by film director Michael Bay (/wiki/Michael_Bay) in his Super Bowl ad for Mercedes-Benz S-Class (/wiki/Mercedes_Benz_SLK) television commercial (/wiki/Television_commercial) . [4] (#cite_note-4) In 2004, she began dating the late banking scion and cryptocurrency visionary, Matthew Mellon (/wiki/Matthew_Mellon) who backed Reno in her first start up, an upscale leisure line called Degrees of Freedom. [5] (#cite_note-5) sold at Saks Fifth Avenue (/wiki/Saks_Fifth_Avenue) , Harrods (/wiki/Harrods) , Harvey Nichols (/wiki/Harvey_Nichols) , Nordstrom (/wiki/Nordstrom) , Matches Fashion (/wiki/Matches_Fashion) . Reno sold her shares in 2008. [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) In 2008, Reno partnered with Dame Zandra Rhodes (/wiki/Dame_Zandra_Rhodes) and retailer Harvey Nichols (/wiki/Harvey_Nichols) on an innovative retail concept and became a presenter for Fashion TV (/wiki/Fashion_TV) . [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) Reno went on to present, blog, and appear in mainstream media, [12] (#cite_note-fashiontv1-12) Channel 5 (UK) (/wiki/Channel_5_(UK)) , BBC Four (/wiki/BBC_Four) , and Huffington Post. Due to her social influence, she appeared in the first season of Bravo series Ladies of London (/wiki/Ladies_of_London) . [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-upfronts-14) Personal life [ edit ] Reno first came to the attention of the press in 2004 as a result of dating Matthew Mellon (/wiki/Matthew_Mellon) . [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) Reno called off the engagement to Mellon in 2008. [17] (#cite_note-17) From 2009 - 2014, Reno dated Scot Young (/wiki/Scot_Young) . In 2016, she had a son named Xander Maximillian Perks. [18] (#cite_note-18) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "THE LONDON LIFE: Noelle Reno Achieving Success Across the Pond – BELLA Magazine" (https://bellamag.co/the-london-life-noelle-reno-achieving-success-across-the-pond/) . Retrieved 2022-08-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Mercer Island Man Named 'Trial Lawyer of the Year' By Department of Homeland Security.Justice.Gov.USAO. January 27, 2009 ^ (#cite_ref-3) Reno in London fashions life, love: Mercer Island native takes on modeling, acting, designing and marriage". Mercer Island Reporter . November 24, 2008. http://www.mi-reporter.com/lifestyle/35031724.html (http://www.mi-reporter.com/lifestyle/35031724.html) ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Michael Bay - Other works" (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000881/otherworks/) . IMDb . Retrieved 2023-06-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Knits Go Glam With Degrees of Freedom" WWD . Nina Jones. April 4, 2007. http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/knits-go-glam-with-degrees-of-freedom-500998 (http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/knits-go-glam-with-degrees-of-freedom-500998) ^ (#cite_ref-6) "An Extra Degree of Freedom". Leisa Barnett. May 29, 2008. http://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2008/05/29/noelle-reno-leaves-degrees-of-freedom (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2008/05/29/noelle-reno-leaves-degrees-of-freedom) ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Reno's New Gamble". Women's Wear Daily . Staff. June 2008. http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/fashion-scoops-sweater-game-on-point-reno-s-new-gamble-1552159 (http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/fashion-scoops-sweater-game-on-point-reno-s-new-gamble-1552159) ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Noelle Reno to partner with Zandra Rhodes". The Business of Fashion . Lauren Goldstein Crowe. May 15, 2009. http://www.businessoffashion.com/2009/05/friday-column-noelle-reno-to-partner-with-zandra-rhodes.html (http://www.businessoffashion.com/2009/05/friday-column-noelle-reno-to-partner-with-zandra-rhodes.html) ^ (#cite_ref-9) Flower Power: Zandra Rhodes. Interview magazine. http://www.interviewmagazine.com/fashion/z-by-zandra-rhodes#_ (http://www.interviewmagazine.com/fashion/z-by-zandra-rhodes#_) ^ (#cite_ref-10) "- YouTube" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oUDlbte4uVQ) . www.youtube.com . Retrieved 2023-06-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Inside Z" (http://www.zbyzandrarhodes.com/insidez.html) . Z by Zandra Rhodes . Retrieved January 20, 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-fashiontv1_12-0) "Page not found – Fashiontv+" (http://www.fashiontv.com/search?q=noelle+reno&t=video) . Retrieved January 15, 2018 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : Cite uses generic title ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_title) ) ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Bravo to Unveil Two Scripted Series to Broaden Programming Mix" (https://variety.com/2014/tv/news/bravo-to-unveil-two-scripted-series-to-broaden-programming-mix-1201154181/) . Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) . Retrieved April 14, 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-upfronts_14-0) Alex Weprin (April 9, 2014). "Upfronts: Bravo bulks up, Oxygen shakes things up" (http://www.capitalnewyork.com/article/media/2014/04/8543432/upfronts-bravo-bulks-oxygen-shakes-things) . Politico (/wiki/Politico) . Retrieved April 14, 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Tatler Magazine". November 1, 2005. Antoinette Eugster. http://www.tatler.com/bystander/events/2005/december/nick-jones-and-tanner-krolles-dinner-at-cecconis#!/6524/image/4 (https://www.tatler.com/bystander/events/2005/december/nick-jones-and-tanner-krolles-dinner-at-cecconis#!/6524/image/4) ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Matthew Mellon: Heir Conditioning. W Magazine . Samantha Conti. Dec 2007. http://www.wmagazine.com/culture/2007/12/matthew_mellon/ (http://www.wmagazine.com/culture/2007/12/matthew_mellon/) ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Noelle Reno's degree of freedom" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/2050680/Noelle-Renos-degree-of-freedom.html) . www.telegraph.co.uk . Retrieved 2023-06-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Noelle Reno and partner Nick Perks welcome baby boy" (http://www.hellomagazine.com/healthandbeauty/mother-and-baby/2016111334575/noelle-reno-and-partner-nick-perks-welcome-baby-boy/) . November 13, 2016 . Retrieved January 15, 2018 . 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American clothing designer Margit Felligi Born 1903 Saint Louis (/wiki/St._Louis) , Missouri (/wiki/Missouri) , U.S. Died 1975 Los Angeles, California (/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California) , U.S. Nationality American Other names Margit Laszlo Alma mater Chicago Academy of Fine Arts (/wiki/Chicago_Academy_of_Fine_Arts) Margit Felligi or Margit Felligi Laszlo (1903 – 1975) was an American clothing designer, notable for her work with Cole of California (/wiki/Cole_of_California) in swimwear (/wiki/Swimwear) . Early life [ edit ] Margit Felligi was born in 1903 in Saint Louis, Missouri (/wiki/Saint_Louis,_Missouri) , the daughter of Hungarian immigrants Emil Felligi and Elizabeth Jilly. She was educated at the Chicago Academy of Fine Arts (/wiki/Chicago_Academy_of_Fine_Arts) , where she studied art, as well as dance. She moved to Beverly Hills, California (/wiki/Beverly_Hills,_California) to design and create costumes for movies. [1] (#cite_note-fidm1-1) Cole of California [ edit ] In 1936 Felligi joined the design staff of Cole Knitting Mills, later known as Cole of California (/wiki/Cole_of_California) , as head designer. In addition to swimsuit design for Fred Cole (/wiki/Fred_Cole_(businessman)) , Felligi created new fabrics that incorporated elastic, giving suits stretchy and clingy properties.Several of these products were patented by Felligi. Other of Felligi's designs were worn by Esther Williams (/wiki/Esther_Williams) in promotions done for Cole. [2] (#cite_note-friedlander2010-2) Felligi's designs propelled Cole to the forefront of casual fashion design. [1] (#cite_note-fidm1-1) [3] (#cite_note-laa1-3) In 1943 Felligi introduced the "Swoon Suit," a two-piece swimsuit that avoided wartime restrictions on rubber use by using side laces. [4] (#cite_note-salley-schoen1992-4) Felligi worked with structure as well, incorporating foam rubber bras. [5] (#cite_note-wwd1999-5) Later designs worked with drapes and asymmetry. [1] (#cite_note-fidm1-1) Felligi's 1964 "Scandal Suit" featured a deeply plunging neckline filled with mesh fabric, and an even deeper back line. [3] (#cite_note-laa1-3) Felligi worked with Cole until 1972. [1] (#cite_note-fidm1-1) She was married to Aladar Laszlo (/w/index.php?title=Aladar_Laszlo&action=edit&redlink=1) , a Hungarian immigrant who found work as a writer and actor in Hollywood. They had four children. [6] (#cite_note-latimeslaszloobit-6) Margit Felligi Laszlo died in 1975. Museum holdings [ edit ] Several of Felli's designs are included in the permanent collections of major museums, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) , [7] (#cite_note-met1-7) the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Museum_of_Art) , [8] (#cite_note-lacma1-8) and the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco (/wiki/Fine_Arts_Museums_of_San_Francisco) . [9] (#cite_note-famsf1-9) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d "Margit Fellegi" (https://fidmmuseum.org/2017/07/margit-fellegi.html) . FIDM Museum . Retrieved 6 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-friedlander2010_2-0) Friedlander, Whitney (May 23, 2010). "That's why they're called 'bathing' suits" (https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2010-may-23-la-ig-0523-timeline-20100523-story.html) . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 6 August 2022 . ^ a b "Cole of California - Swimwear Pioneer" (https://www.laalmanac.com/economy/ec704.php) . Los Angeles Almanac . ^ (#cite_ref-salley-schoen1992_4-0) Salley-Schoen, Gwen (June 24, 1992). "Anne Cole on the rise and fall of swimwear" (https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1992-06-24-1992176283-story.html) . Baltimore Sun . Retrieved 6 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-wwd1999_5-0) Kinosian, Janet (August 11, 1999). "Gimme Some Skin, The SwinwuitIs As Much A Part Of California As The Bewach Itself" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/article-1084070/) . Women's Wear Daily . Retrieved 6 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-latimeslaszloobit_6-0) Aladar Laszlo Rites Scheduled for Today, 6 August 2022, Los Angeles Times , September 18, 1958, page46 ^ (#cite_ref-met1_7-0) "Bathing Suit ca. 1964" (https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/185327) . The Met . Metropolitan Museum of Art . Retrieved 6 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-lacma1_8-0) "Margit Felligi" (https://collections.lacma.org/node/156119) . LACMA . Retrieved 6 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-famsf1_9-0) " (https://art.famsf.org/margit-fellegi/scandal-suit-womans-bathing-suit-200926) "Scandal Suit" woman's bathing suit" (https://art.famsf.org/margit-fellegi/scandal-suit-womans-bathing-suit-200926) . Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco . Retrieved 6 August 2022 . 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American fashion blogger and model Bebe Zeva (born May 7, 1993) is the pseudonym of Rebeccah Hershkovitz, an American fashion blogger (/wiki/Blog) , [1] (#cite_note-twsFebL22a-1) model (/wiki/Model_(person)) , and writer (/wiki/Fashion_journalism) . [2] (#cite_note-twsFebL22b-2) [3] (#cite_note-twsFebL22c-3) As a child, her family moved around and lived in Miami Beach (/wiki/Miami_Beach) , Springfield (/wiki/Springfield,_Massachusetts) and St. Louis (/wiki/St._Louis) before settling in Las Vegas (/wiki/Las_Vegas) . Her rise to prominence came about when she modeled for the brand I Am Carles associated with the now defunct Hipster Runoff blog. She would later go on to be featured in The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) , [4] (#cite_note-4) Seventeen Magazine (/wiki/Seventeen_(American_magazine)) , [5] (#cite_note-5) and Teen Vogue (/wiki/Teen_Vogue) respectively. [6] (#cite_note-6) Zeva previously contributed to the online journal Thought Catalog as well as StyleCaster [7] (#cite_note-7) and Technorazzi. [8] (#cite_note-8) A feature-length mumblecore (/wiki/Mumblecore) documentary about Zeva was released by MDMAfilms and premiered at Soho House on March 20, 2011. [9] (#cite_note-twsNYULocal-9) In the documentary, she was portrayed as a "17-year-old home-schooled fashion blogger" who "binge eats and provides insight about life, death, God, and the internet." [9] (#cite_note-twsNYULocal-9) She runs a style blog called Fated To Be Hated and currently works as a DJ. [10] (#cite_note-10) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-twsFebL22a_1-0) Alyssa Vingan (February 10, 2011). "Bebe Zeva: An Insider's Guide To Las Vegas Shopping Spots" (https://archive.today/20130203152404/http://www.stylecaster.com/news/10971/bebe-zeva-an-insiders-guide-las-vegas-shopping-spots) . StyleCaster Magazine. Archived from the original (http://www.stylecaster.com/news/10971/bebe-zeva-an-insiders-guide-las-vegas-shopping-spots) on February 3, 2013 . Retrieved 2011-02-14 . ... Who better to help us navigate the best Las Vegas shopping spots than an expert like Bebe Zeva, the 17 year old writer and style blogger who calls the city home. ^ (#cite_ref-twsFebL22b_2-0) Bebe Zeva (Sep 29, 2010). "A Match Made in (Hacker) Heaven" (http://technorazzi.com/?p=2199) . Technorazzi Magazine . Retrieved 2011-02-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-twsFebL22c_3-0) Bebe Zeva (Sep 27, 2010). "Writing Team Chosen for NBC's Writers On The Verge" (http://technorazzi.com/?p=2147) . Technorazzi Magazine . Retrieved 2011-02-14 . Writers on the Verge is a 12-week workshop focused on preparing writers for a staff writer position on a television series. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Lorentzen, Christian (2011-07-06). "The Blogger Bebe Zeva Is Featured in a Video" (https://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/07/fashion/the-blogger-bebe-zeva-is-featured-in-a-video.html) . The New York Times . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Fashion Blogger Inspiration - Best Style Bloggers" (http://www.seventeen.com/fashion/tips/style-crush-ring#fbIndex1) . Seventeen. 2010-07-30. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20110208172844/http://www.seventeen.com/fashion/tips/style-crush-ring) from the original on 8 February 2011 . Retrieved 2011-02-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Phelan, Hayley (January 10, 2011). "Fashion Click Look Of the Day: Fated to be Hated Goes Sugary Sweet in Pink Floral: Teen Vogue Daily: Connect" (http://www.teenvogue.com/connect/blogs/tvdaily/2011/01/fashion-click-look-of-the-day-fated-to-be-hated-goes-sugary-sweet-in-pink-floral.html) . teenvogue.com. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20110226101336/http://www.teenvogue.com/connect/blogs/tvdaily/2011/01/fashion-click-look-of-the-day-fated-to-be-hated-goes-sugary-sweet-in-pink-floral.html) from the original on 26 February 2011 . Retrieved 2011-02-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Zeva, Bebe (2010-10-21). "Bebe Zeva Explains It All - Lifestyle News" (https://web.archive.org/web/20101231010638/http://www.stylecaster.com/news/9627/bebe-zeva-explains-it-all) . StyleCaster. Archived from the original (http://www.stylecaster.com/news/9627/bebe-zeva-explains-it-all) on 2010-12-31 . Retrieved 2011-02-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Welcomes Teen Blogger Bebe Zeva" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110118204956/http://technorazzi.com/?p=2423) . Technorazzi. 2010-10-20. Archived from the original (http://technorazzi.com/?p=2423) on 2011-01-18 . Retrieved 2011-02-08 . ^ a b Chelsea Beeler, March 23, 2011, NYU Local, MDMAFILMS PRESENTS: BEBE ZEVA (http://nyulocal.com/entertainment/2011/03/23/mdmafilms-presents-bebe-zeva/) , Retrieved December 30, 2014, "...the film follows Bebe Zeva, a 17-year-old home-schooled fashion blogger of Hipster Runoff fame, around various Las Vegas casinos and hotels..." ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Soft Leather VEGAS" (https://www.facebook.com/events/715551728585613/) . facebook.com . External links [ edit ] Zeva's website (http://ftbh.blogspot.com/) and Fated to be Hated blog Documentary by MDMAfilms (https://mdmafilms.tumblr.com/post/2911012090/trailer-1-re-bebe-zeva-20-mar-2011) This article about a United States writer of non-fiction is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Anne Gunning Anne Gunning, 1953 by Milton Greene (/wiki/Milton_Greene) Born Anne Gunning Parker 1929 ( 1929 ) Died 1990 (aged 60–61) Other names Lady Anne Nutting, Ann Gunning Occupation Fashion model (/wiki/Fashion_model) Years active 1950s Known for One of the top models of the 1950s Spouse Sir Anthony Nutting, 3rd Baronet (/wiki/Sir_Anthony_Nutting,_3rd_Baronet) Anne Gunning (1929 – January 1990) was a British fashion (/wiki/Fashion) model. Originally a house model (/wiki/House_model) for Sybil Connolly (/wiki/Sybil_Connolly) , she gained global recognition after being featured on the cover of Life (/wiki/Life_(magazine)) magazine in 1953. She was one of the top models of the 1950s. [1] (#cite_note-Nicholas_2013-1) [2] (#cite_note-Charles_1977-2) Biography [ edit ] Born Anne Gunning Parker, possibly in Southern Rhodesia (/wiki/Southern_Rhodesia) where her father, Arnold Barthrop Parker, was a coffee planter. [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) She was of Irish descent, related to the Gunning sisters Elizabeth (/wiki/Elizabeth_Gunning,_1st_Baroness_Hamilton_of_Hameldon) and Marie (/wiki/Maria_Coventry,_Countess_of_Coventry) , while her father was of Cuckfield (/wiki/Cuckfield) , West Sussex, England. [4] (#cite_note-4) Gunning returned to England from Southern Rhodesia following her parents' separation where she was raised by an aunt. [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) Gunning became the house model of Sybil Connolly, who was introduced to America by Carmel Snow (/wiki/Carmel_Snow) . American photographer Milton H. Greene (/wiki/Milton_H._Greene) photographed her during his 1953 trip to Ireland, where he was shooting for Connolly. The 10 August 1953 cover of the Life magazine featured Anne Gunning in Connolly's red Kinsale cape and white crochet evening dress, with the headline "Irish invade fashion world". This cover helped the two women gain international recognition. Gunning went on to work with many notable photographers, including Norman Parkinson (/wiki/Norman_Parkinson) , John French (/wiki/John_French_(photographer)) and Mark Shaw (/wiki/Mark_Shaw_(photographer)) . She and Barbara Mullen (/wiki/Barbara_Mullen) accompanied Parkinson to India, on an assignment for Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(British_magazine)) . [5] (#cite_note-5) She also worked in Paris, New York City and London. [6] (#cite_note-6) Anne Gunning and Colin Tennant (/wiki/Colin_Tennant,_3rd_Baron_Glenconner) had a prolonged affair. In London, the two modelled for a feature for the French fashion magazine Au Jardin Des Modes (/wiki/Le_Jardin_des_Modes) (later featured in Paris Match (/wiki/Paris_Match) ). [1] (#cite_note-Nicholas_2013-1) On 27 May 1961, Anne Gunning married British diplomat and Conservative Party politician Anthony Nutting (/wiki/Anthony_Nutting) in Tiverton, Devon (/wiki/Tiverton,_Devon) . [7] (#cite_note-7) Anne Gunning limited herself to photographic modelling, despite requests from designers like Coco Chanel (/wiki/Coco_Chanel) to be a part of their stage shows. She did only one fashion show (/wiki/Fashion_show) – for Sybil Connolly – as a favour. She was afraid (/wiki/Stage_fright) of falling down on the stage, and remarked, "that sea of faces glaring at me was too daunting." [2] (#cite_note-Charles_1977-2) [8] (#cite_note-8) She died in January 1990 [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Nicholas Courtney (2013). Lord of the Isle: The Extravagant Life and Times of Colin Tennant . Bene Factum. pp. 41–42. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781903071717 . ^ Jump up to: a b Charles Castle (1977). Model Girl . Chartwell Books. p. 44. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780890091296 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Anne Gunning: Life Story and Glamorous Photos of the Most Beautiful Supermodel of the 1950s" (https://www.bygonely.com/anne-gunning/) . Bygonely . Retrieved 20 January 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Patrick W. Montague-Smith, ed. (1980). Debrett's peerage and baronetage . Debrett's Peerage. p. B-607. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780905649207 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Harshini Vakkalanka (6 March 2012). "When Dior came to India" (http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/art/when-dior-came-to-india/article2966809.ece) . The Hindu . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Valerie D. Mendes and Lynn Szygenda, ed. (1985). John French, fashion photographer . Victoria and Albert Museum. p. 22. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780905209975 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "UK: Tiverton - Ex-minister Nutting marries Model" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120118144835/http://www.itnsource.com/shotlist//Channel9/2010/02/01/CNINE20100201015/) . BBC / ITN Source. 27 May 1961. Archived from the original (http://www.itnsource.com/shotlist//RTV/1961/05/27/BGY504070370/?s=*) on 18 January 2012 . Retrieved 2015-08-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Valerie Steele (/wiki/Valerie_Steele) (2000). Fifty Years of Fashion: New Look to Now . Yale University Press. p. 47. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780300087383 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) (french) Jean-Noël Liaut (1994). Modèles et mannequins 1945 - 1965 . Daniel Filipacchi. p. 109. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9782850183416 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) D. R. Thorpe (3 March 1999). "Obituary: Sir Anthony Nutting Bt" (https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/obituary-sir-anthony-nutting-bt-1077988.html) . The Independent . Archived (https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220507/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/obituary-sir-anthony-nutting-bt-1077988.html) from the original on 7 May 2022. 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This biography of a living person (/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons) needs additional citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help by adding reliable sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) . Contentious material (/wiki/Wikipedia:BLPREMOVE) about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced (/wiki/Wikipedia:QUESTIONABLE) must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous (/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel) . Find sources: "Joe Gaffney" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Joe+Gaffney%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Joe+Gaffney%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Joe+Gaffney%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Joe+Gaffney%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Joe+Gaffney%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Joe+Gaffney%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( November 2022 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) British photographer Joe Gaffney is a British photographer who captured the images of figures from 1970s London before moving on to fashion photography with French Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_Paris) . [1] (#cite_note-dazed-1) His portraits of Francois Truffaut, Salvador Dali, Man Ray, Audrey Hepburn and Dennis Hopper among others earned him recognition by the Louvre's Musee des Arts Decoratifs (/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Arts_d%C3%A9coratifs,_Paris) , in Paris. In 1985 Gaffney moved to New York and resumed his painting career in addition to his portrait work. His photographic work is in the collections of the British National Portrait Gallery (/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London) , [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) Louvre Musee des Arts Decoratifs (/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Arts_d%C3%A9coratifs,_Paris) (MAD Paris) as well as private collections, including Nancy Rutter Clark, Sir Paul Smith and Sir Elton John. London [ edit ] Trained in art school as a painter, Gaffney switched to photography in the early seventies. He studied photography at the Royal College of Art (/wiki/Royal_College_of_Art) in London. [3] (#cite_note-3) and while there, Gaffney began to develop a career as a portrait photographer. Between 1971 and 1973, he was shooting regularly for Andy Warhol's (/wiki/Andy_Warhol) Interview Magazine (/wiki/Interview_Magazine) photographing stars like Marianne Faithfull (/wiki/Marianne_Faithfull) and Serge Gainsbourg (/wiki/Serge_Gainsbourg) . [1] (#cite_note-dazed-1) Among his other portraits are Cecil Beaton (/wiki/Cecil_Beaton) , Jean Muir (/wiki/Jean_Muir) , Spike Milligan (/wiki/Spike_Milligan) (1974) and Man Ray (/wiki/Man_Ray) (Paris, 1975), all of which are in the National Portrait Gallery (/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London) . [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) Paris [ edit ] Gaffney moved to Paris permanently in 1975. While shooting a campaign for Vichy Celestins featuring the chef Paul Bocuse, Gaffney was introduced to French Vogue by designer Zandra Rhodes. The first portrait that Gaffney did for them was of François Truffaut (/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Truffaut) in 1977 for French (/wiki/Vogue_France) Vogue . It was noticed by editor in chief Francine Cresent who approached him to do a fashion shoot with the model Shaun Casey (/wiki/Shaun_Casey) . This started his editorial career with French Vogue [1] (#cite_note-dazed-1) shooting fashion, still life, beauty, and celebrity portraits . Gaffney also shot for British Vogue (/wiki/British_Vogue) , Italian Vogue, Harper’s Bazaar, Elle, and Interview. Gaffney shot ad campaigns for Cartier, Givenchy, Helena Rubenstein, Revillon, Jean Claude de Luca, Georges Rech and two campaigns for Thierry Mugler. He also shot Yves Saint Laurent and Paloma Picasso. His portraits ranged from Roman Polanski, Dennis Hopper, Audrey Hepburn, Raquel Welch, Andie Macdowell and a host of other celebrated figures. The Musée du Louvre chose him as one of the fashion photographers to shoot in the shell of the building that would become the new Musée des Arts Decoratifs (MAD). His work from that period has been featured in many exhibitions and their catalogs, including at the Louvre MAD 'HIstoires de Photographie', 'Annees 80 - Mode, Design et Graphisme en France', and Thierry Mugler 'Couturissime' a traveling exhibition which has also been seen in Montreal, and in New York at the Brooklyn Museum (/wiki/Brooklyn_Museum) . Later career [ edit ] Gaffney and his wife, fashion designer Ann Ogden, moved to New York in 1985. He became increasingly interested in abstract painting, and by the early '90s had virtually abandoned photography altogether. This changed when by chance the actress Kathleen Turner (/wiki/Kathleen_Turner) saw his photographic work and commissioned a portrait of herself. Turner encouraged him not to give up photography. He once again found himself behind the camera, this time a digital camera. For an artist with such a strong eye and vision, digital photography opened up a whole new world of creative possibilities for Gaffney. He started to shoot portraits again, including Debbie Harry, Julia Garner, Karlie Kloss, Iman, David Johansen and The New York Dolls. Fashion photography came back into Gaffney's life when he was approached by the designer Andre Walker. Walker had loved his Paris work and persuaded him to shoot fashion again for the UK magazine Dazed & Confused (/wiki/Dazed_%26_Confused_(magazine)) . [1] (#cite_note-dazed-1) Walker and Gaffney collaborated again on several shoots for 10 magazine and for Walker's Tiwimuta Vol 1 the Inaugural edition. References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d Joe Gaffney An interview with iconic photographer Joe Gaffney, who has recently returned to fashion photography. (https://web.archive.org/web/20140605214009/http://www.dazeddigital.com/photography/article/864/1/joe-gaffney) Megan Schertler, Dazed, 2008. Retrieved 5 June 2014. ^ Jump up to: a b Joe Gaffney National Portrait Gallery, 2014. Retrieved 5 June 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-3) bio (http://www.joegaffney.com/#mi=1&pt=0&pi=2&p=-1&a=0&at=0) joegaffney.com, 2014. Retrieved 5 June 2014. External links [ edit ] Joe Gaffney IG (https://www.instagram.com/thejoegaffney/?hl=en) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) : Artists Photographers' Identities (https://pic.nypl.org/constituents/272865) This article about an artist, architect or photographer from England is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Mantua, The Met, item 33.54a, b A mantua from the collection at Kimberley Hall in Norfolk (/wiki/Norfolk) is the earliest complete European women's costume in the Costume Institute of the Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) in New York. Also known as the Kimberley Gown , this formal dress is a mantua (/wiki/Mantua_(clothing)) , a two-piece costume consisting of a draped open robe and a matching underskirt or petticoat, and has been dated to ca. 1690–1700. [1] (#cite_note-Met1993-1) [2] (#cite_note-Payne-2) Cut and structure [ edit ] Mantua, back view Main article: Mantua (clothing) (/wiki/Mantua_(clothing)) The mantua or manteau was a new fashion that arose in the 1670s. The dresses of the previous period featured a separate bodice and skirt. In contrast, the mantua hung from the shoulders to the floor. The earliest mantua was a loose gown worn for 'undress' wear. Gradually it developed into a draped and pleated dress and then into a dress worn looped up over a contrasting petticoat and a stomacher. The mantua-and-stomacher resulted in a high, square neckline in contrast to the broad, off-the-shoulder neckline previously in fashion. The Kimberley mantua reflects a development of the style in the 1690s, when the back was pleated to fit and the front edges of the overskirt were pulled up to the waistline at the center back. [3] (#cite_note-Ribeiro2-3) [4] (#cite_note-Kimberley-4) The skirt panels are cut in a curve to allow some sort of padding to be worn beneath. [2] (#cite_note-Payne-2) It is clear that the dress has been altered: "the gown's sleeves were shortened or otherwise reshaped by cutting. Either then or in more recent times the cuffs were restitched to make them narrower. It was in recent times that the main sleeve seams were taken in from I to 2 inches and that the side seams of the bodice, running from under the arms to the waist, were also taken in about 2 inches. The two pleats at the front of the bodice, and the pleats at the back, have been altered. It seems likely that the back showed only two pleats originally rather than four." [4] (#cite_note-Kimberley-4) Costume historians Blanche Payne and Norah Waugh took cutting diagrams or patterns from the mantua, which appear as Draft 13a and B in Payne's History of Costume (1965) [2] (#cite_note-Payne-2) and as Diagram IX in Waugh's The Cut of Women's Clothes 1600-1930 (1968). [5] (#cite_note-Waugh-5) Of the dress, Payne wrote "One must see it to appreciate it, and the more closely it is examined, the greater the admiration and respect it arouses." [2] (#cite_note-Payne-2) Materials [ edit ] Detail of the striped wool and silver-gilt embroidery. Unlike the majority of surviving mantuas, which are made of the rich brocaded (/wiki/Brocade) silks popular at the turn of the 18th century, the Kimberley mantua is a more practical winter costume, made of striped woolen fabric embroidered with silver-gilt yarns (/wiki/Metallic_fiber) . The fabric, sometimes described as broadcloth, is actually a "soft, fine, tabby-woven (/wiki/Plain_weave) (over one, under one) woolen fabric that has been given a napped (/wiki/Nap_(textile)) surface though not the dense, felted finish characteristic of broadcloth (/wiki/Broadcloth) ." [4] (#cite_note-Kimberley-4) The background color is something between "brownish" and "warm grey". The stripes, woven parallel to the weft (/wiki/Weft) (across the width of the fabric), are "ultramarine" blue "bordered by vibrant terracotta" and "dark mustard yellow" "bordered by a pair of magenta stripes". [4] (#cite_note-Kimberley-4) The stripes are embroidered (/wiki/Embroidery) with a pattern of alternating four- and five-petaled blossoms on the blue stripes and leafy vines on the mustard stripes. [4] (#cite_note-Kimberley-4) In addition to the striped fabric and its small embroidered motifs, the lower part of the petticoat, to about knee-height, is decorated with an elaborate scrolling design in silver-gilt thread that suggests gold lace. The pattern is similar to lace panels of the period, and is strictly symmetrical, in keeping with the taste of the late Baroque (/wiki/Baroque) . [4] (#cite_note-Kimberley-4) What appear to be original seams are sewn with two sewing silks, "one pale beige, not plied, the other dark brown and plied." The mantua was subsequently altered, possibly to accommodate a taller wearer; many of these alterations are made with a "plied, ocher-colored sewing silk." [4] (#cite_note-Kimberley-4) Provenance [ edit ] Kimberley Hall The mantua came to public notice in 1932, when it was exhibited in London at the Art Treasures Exhibition held at Christie, Manson and Woods from October 12 to November 5. The exhibitors, Acton, Surgey, Ltd., did not indicate a source for the gown in the catalogue, but they exhibited it with other items from Kimberley Hall (/wiki/Kimberley,_Norfolk) , near Norwich (/wiki/Norwich) , home of the Wodehouse family, and named Kimberley Hall as its source in later correspondence. The Met negotiated with Acton, Surgey that winter, and bought the gown, with income from the Rogers Fund, in April 1933. [4] (#cite_note-Kimberley-4) See also [ edit ] List of individual dresses (/wiki/List_of_individual_dresses) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Met1993_1-0) Burn, Barbara (1993). Masterpieces of the Metropolitan Museum of Art . Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 157. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780870996771 . ^ a b c d Payne, Blanche (1965). History of Costume (first ed.). New York: Harper and Row. pp. 373–78. ^ (#cite_ref-Ribeiro2_3-0) Ribeiro, Aileen (2002). Dress in Eighteenth-Century Europe 1715-1789 (revised ed.). New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 34. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780300091519 . ^ a b c d e f g h Cavallo, Adolph S. (1970). "The Kimberley Gown" (http://www.metmuseum.org/art/metpublications/The_Kimberley_Gown_The_Metropolitan_Museum_Journal_v_3_1970) . Metropolitan Museum Journal . 3 : 199–217. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2307/1512604 (https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1512604) . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 1512604 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/1512604) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 191384330 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:191384330) . Retrieved 21 March 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-Waugh_5-0) Waugh, Norah (1968). The Cut of Women's Clothes: 1600-1930 . New York: Routledge. p. 80. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780878300266 . External links [ edit ] Media related to Mantua of embroidered wool (Kimberley Gown) (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mantua_of_embroidered_wool_(Kimberley_Gown)) at Wikimedia Commons Mantua 33.54a, b (http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/81718) at the Met. 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Cigar carrier A French cigar case and cigar from the 1840s A cigar case is a carrier for carrying cigars (/wiki/Cigars) . The key aspect of a cigar case is its portability, and ease of carrying cigars in jacket pockets, etc. Over the years cigar cases have evolved from a simple wooden carrier to a luxurious tote, fully cedar lined to retain the humidity of cigars. The leather cigar case has evolved over the past 20 years, from a soft leather pouch to a hard-leather safe. Some provided a slot for a cutter. [1] (#cite_note-1) Types of cigar cases [ edit ] Based on construction and accessibility cigar cases are often categorised as follows: Spanish cedar lined cases [ edit ] As the name suggests, these have an lining made of Spanish cedar (/wiki/Spanish_cedar) . These are usually stronger cases, and can withstand impact without damaging the cigars. These cases have two parts; top and bottom. Depending upon construction, one part slides onto the other. The degree of sliding can be adjusted to fit the length of the cigar. Telescopic cigar cases [ edit ] These cases have grooves to fit the cigars. These are usually sliding cases, as the top can be adjusted to the bottom in a telescoping fashion. Usually, these cases do not have a cedar lining and are of relatively soft construction. The shell of the case is usually leather, which is creased against a die matching the ring gauge of the cigar to create the shape of the case. The forms include steel and silver. Notable cigar case brands [ edit ] Alfred Dunhill (/wiki/Alfred_Dunhill_Ltd.) Andre Garcia (/wiki/Andre_Garcia_(brand)) Atoll Cigar Case (/w/index.php?title=Atoll_Cigar_Case&action=edit&redlink=1) Craftsman Bench (/w/index.php?title=Craftsman_Bench&action=edit&redlink=1) Davidoff (/wiki/Davidoff) Diamond Crown (/w/index.php?title=Diamond_Crown&action=edit&redlink=1) Noro Cigar Case (/w/index.php?title=Noro_Cigar_Case&action=edit&redlink=1) Porsche Designs (/w/index.php?title=Porsche_Designs&action=edit&redlink=1) Prometheus (/w/index.php?title=Prometheus_(cigar_case_brand)&action=edit&redlink=1) Savinelli (/w/index.php?title=Savinelli&action=edit&redlink=1) Savoy St. Dupont (/w/index.php?title=St._Dupont&action=edit&redlink=1) Xikar (/w/index.php?title=Xikar&action=edit&redlink=1) See also [ edit ] Cigarette case (/wiki/Cigarette_case) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "CigarCyclopedia.com - Perelman's Pocket Cyclopedias of Cigars" (https://web.archive.org/web/20071021193511/http://www.cigarcyclopedia.com/news/news.php?c=journal) . Archived from the original (http://www.cigarcyclopedia.com/news/news.php?c=journal&id=859) on 2007-10-21. External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cigar cases (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cigar_cases) . Cigar Case article published in 1993 (https://web.archive.org/web/20100822012216/http://www.cigaraficionado.com/Cigar/CA_Archives/CA_Show_Article/0,2322,832,00.html) Cigar Case article published in Cigar Cyclopedia (https://web.archive.org/web/20071021193511/http://www.cigarcyclopedia.com/news/news.php?c=journal) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐74l8r Cached time: 20240720164727 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.170 seconds Real time usage: 0.252 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 401/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 5033/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 604/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 5707/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.102/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3176302/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 205.438 1 -total 45.69% 93.857 1 Template:Reflist 39.23% 80.595 1 Template:Cite_web 36.13% 74.226 1 Template:Short_description 20.94% 43.024 2 Template:Pagetype 17.44% 35.836 1 Template:Commons_category 16.45% 33.800 1 Template:Sister_project 15.59% 32.020 1 Template:Side_box 9.18% 18.862 3 Template:Main_other 8.10% 16.649 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:13378120-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720164727 and revision id 1196573589. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cigar_case&oldid=1196573589 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cigar_case&oldid=1196573589) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Cigars (/wiki/Category:Cigars) Containers (/wiki/Category:Containers) Tobacciana (/wiki/Category:Tobacciana) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata)
NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐62d7z Cached time: 20240721185118 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.002 seconds Real time usage: 0.004 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 2/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:30429658-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721185118 and revision id 935365644. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total. E Vogue (magazine) editors (/wiki/Category:Vogue_(magazine)_editors) ‎ (14 P) V Lists of Vogue cover models (/wiki/Category:Lists_of_Vogue_cover_models) ‎ (29 P) Pages in category " Vogue (magazine) people" The following 77 pages are in this category, out of 77 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Kathryn Abbe (/wiki/Kathryn_Abbe) Mehemed Fehmy Agha (/wiki/Mehemed_Fehmy_Agha) Margaret Allan (racing driver) (/wiki/Margaret_Allan_(racing_driver)) Emmanuelle Alt (/wiki/Emmanuelle_Alt) Raudha Athif (/wiki/Raudha_Athif) B Gian Paolo Barbieri (/wiki/Gian_Paolo_Barbieri) Kate Barry (photographer) (/wiki/Kate_Barry_(photographer)) Aubrey Beaty (/wiki/Aubrey_Beaty) Eduardo Benito (/wiki/Eduardo_Benito) Rushka Bergman (/wiki/Rushka_Bergman) Kate Betts (/wiki/Kate_Betts) Lesley Blanch (/wiki/Lesley_Blanch) Isabella Blow (/wiki/Isabella_Blow) René Bouché (/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Bouch%C3%A9) Hamish Bowles (/wiki/Hamish_Bowles) Jon Bradshaw (/wiki/Jon_Bradshaw) Simeon Braguin (/wiki/Simeon_Braguin) Joan Juliet Buck (/wiki/Joan_Juliet_Buck) Lauren Bush (/wiki/Lauren_Bush) C Isabella Campbell, Countess Cawdor (/wiki/Isabella_Campbell,_Countess_Cawdor) Angelica Cheung (/wiki/Angelica_Cheung) Kirstie Clements (/wiki/Kirstie_Clements) Grace Coddington (/wiki/Grace_Coddington) D Deena Aljuhani Abdulaziz (/wiki/Deena_Aljuhani_Abdulaziz) Anna Dello Russo (/wiki/Anna_Dello_Russo) André de Dienes (/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_de_Dienes) Seda Domaniç (/wiki/Seda_Domani%C3%A7) Caroline King Duer (/wiki/Caroline_King_Duer) F Millicent Fenwick (/wiki/Millicent_Fenwick) Jay Fielden (/wiki/Jay_Fielden) G Joe Gaffney (/wiki/Joe_Gaffney) H Tatiana Hambro (/wiki/Tatiana_Hambro) Anna Harvey (/wiki/Anna_Harvey) Harriet Henry (/wiki/Harriet_Henry) Marjorie Hillis (/wiki/Marjorie_Hillis) J Constantin Joffé (/wiki/Constantin_Joff%C3%A9) K Dodie Kazanjian (/wiki/Dodie_Kazanjian) Caroline Kellett (/wiki/Caroline_Kellett) Alexandra Kotur (/wiki/Alexandra_Kotur) Gene Krell (/wiki/Gene_Krell) Hildy Kuryk (/wiki/Hildy_Kuryk) L Stephanie LaCava (/wiki/Stephanie_LaCava) Françoise de Langlade (/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_de_Langlade) Lisa Lovatt-Smith (/wiki/Lisa_Lovatt-Smith) Lisa Love (editor) (/wiki/Lisa_Love_(editor)) M Marya Mannes (/wiki/Marya_Mannes) Frances McLaughlin-Gill (/wiki/Frances_McLaughlin-Gill) Sheila Metzner (/wiki/Sheila_Metzner) Adolph de Meyer (/wiki/Adolph_de_Meyer) Caterine Milinaire (/wiki/Caterine_Milinaire) Lee Miller (/wiki/Lee_Miller) N Alice Naylor-Leyland (/wiki/Alice_Naylor-Leyland) P Babe Paley (/wiki/Babe_Paley) Tom Palumbo (/wiki/Tom_Palumbo) Julie Pelipas (/wiki/Julie_Pelipas) Kate Phelan (/wiki/Kate_Phelan) Cipe Pineles (/wiki/Cipe_Pineles) R Helen Appleton Read (/wiki/Helen_Appleton_Read) Clare Rendlesham (/wiki/Clare_Rendlesham) Betty Rollin (/wiki/Betty_Rollin) S Marina Schiano (/wiki/Marina_Schiano) Gloria Schiff (/wiki/Gloria_Schiff) Karley Sciortino (/wiki/Karley_Sciortino) Lesley Jane Seymour (/wiki/Lesley_Jane_Seymour) Tabitha Simmons (/wiki/Tabitha_Simmons) Babs Simpson (/wiki/Babs_Simpson) Carla Sozzani (/wiki/Carla_Sozzani) Franca Sozzani (/wiki/Franca_Sozzani) Edward Steichen (/wiki/Edward_Steichen) Bert Stern (/wiki/Bert_Stern) Plum Sykes (/wiki/Plum_Sykes) T André Leon Talley (/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Leon_Talley) Elisabeth von Thurn und Taxis (/wiki/Elisabeth_von_Thurn_und_Taxis) Isabel Tisdall (/wiki/Isabel_Tisdall) Arthur Baldwin Turnure (/wiki/Arthur_Baldwin_Turnure) W Lauren Weisberger (/wiki/Lauren_Weisberger) Y Lynn Yaeger (/wiki/Lynn_Yaeger) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Vogue_(magazine)_people&oldid=935365644 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Vogue_(magazine)_people&oldid=935365644) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Vogue (magazine) (/wiki/Category:Vogue_(magazine)) American magazine people (/wiki/Category:American_magazine_people) Condé Nast people (/wiki/Category:Cond%C3%A9_Nast_people) Magazine people by magazine (/wiki/Category:Magazine_people_by_magazine)
American designer, creative and entrepreneur This article is about the fashion designer. For other people by this name, see Matthew Williams (disambiguation) (/wiki/Matthew_Williams_(disambiguation)) . Matthew M. Williams Born ( 1985-10-17 ) October 17, 1985 (age 38) Evanston, Illinois, US Title Creative director (/wiki/Creative_director) of 1017 ALYX 9SM Spouse Jennifer Murray ​ ​ ( m. 2013; div. 2020) ​ Children 3 Matthew M. Williams is an American designer, creative, and entrepreneur. The co-founder of the fashion brand 1017 ALYX 9SM, he was creative director of Givenchy (/wiki/Givenchy) women's and men's collections from June 2020 to January 1, 2024. [1] (#cite_note-Matthew_Williams_is_Givenchy’s_New_Designer-1) [2] (#cite_note-The_Logic_Behind_Givenchy’s_New_Designer_Appointment-2) [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) Early life [ edit ] Williams was born on October 17, 1985, in Evanston, Illinois. His parents worked in the medical field. When he was two years old, the family moved to Pismo Beach, [4] (#cite_note-4) California, where he grew up. [5] (#cite_note-Matthew_M._Williams_Biography-5) As a child, he wanted to become an emergency room doctor. As a teen, he became interested in skateboard culture [6] (#cite_note-Matthew_M._William_Biography-6) soccer and music, and would drive to Santa Barbara and Los Angeles to attend concerts and DJ sets. At 18, during an internship with a soccer coach who also owned a clothing brand, Williams realized that fashion could be a career. [7] (#cite_note-:0-7) Williams took one semester of art classes at the University of California (/wiki/University_of_California) [8] (#cite_note-8) but never pursued any formal fashion training. [9] (#cite_note-bof2020-9) [10] (#cite_note-bof2019-10) Career [ edit ] Art direction [ edit ] Despite being rejected from Parsons School of Design (/wiki/Parsons_School_of_Design) , Williams landed a job as a production manager and began to learn the business of running a clothing label before discovering costume design through music stylists. [7] (#cite_note-:0-7) [11] (#cite_note-wsj2020-11) In 2007, Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) 's stylist asked Williams to design a jacket for his Grammy Awards (/wiki/Grammy_Award) performance with Daft Punk (/wiki/Daft_Punk) . Williams helped design a jacket with embedded LEDs. [12] (#cite_note-gq2020-12) Impressed by the 21-year-old designer's creativity, West (/wiki/Kanye_West) asked Williams to join his team. Williams eventually moved from costume design for West (/wiki/Kanye_West) to art directing videos and setting up the studio for West's first fashion brand, Pastelle, as well as his creative content company, DONDA. [7] (#cite_note-:0-7) In 2012, ties with West led to the formation of the art and DJing collective Been Trill — made up of Heron Preston (/wiki/Heron_Preston) , Virgil Abloh (/wiki/Virgil_Abloh) , Justin Saunders and Williams, who describes it as "really just a fun thing to do." [10] (#cite_note-bof2019-10) A chance encounter with Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) in a sushi restaurant led to a steadfast friendship and an intense creative collaboration. [7] (#cite_note-:0-7) Nicknamed "Dada" by Gaga's fans when he was the first artistic director of the "Haus of Gaga" (2008 to 2010), Williams went on to create much-noted costumes for the singer as she attained international stardom. [12] (#cite_note-gq2020-12) 1017 Alyx 9SM [ edit ] Originally called ALYX, the brand was started by Matthew, Jennifer-his then wife, and Luca Benini in 2015. Jennifer Murray, Matthew's ex-wife, managed global sales for the brand until stopping in 2019. For Fall-Winter 2015, they debuted Alyx [13] (#cite_note-13) a women's wear brand named after their eldest daughter, a project to express their views. [7] (#cite_note-:0-7) 1017 Alyx 9SM – Collaborations [ edit ] Through his label 1017 Alyx 9SM, Williams soon began collaborating with international brands including Dior (/wiki/Dior) , Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) , Moncler (/wiki/Moncler) , Bang & Olufsen (/wiki/Bang_%26_Olufsen) , and Mackintosh (/wiki/Mackintosh) . [14] (#cite_note-14) Dior [ edit ] At Dior (/wiki/Dior) , Kim Jones (/wiki/Kim_Jones_(designer)) , the artistic director for men's wear, invited Williams to collaborate on accessories for the Spring-Summer 2019 collection. [15] (#cite_note-15) Williams brought his brutalist industrial aesthetic to selected pieces through a utility buckle inspired by a rollercoaster ride at Six Flags amusement park. On the men's wear runway, the buckle cropped up on belts, caps and backpacks. Nike [ edit ] In January 2020 Matthew Williams' collection for Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) was released: [16] (#cite_note-16) Moncler [ edit ] In February 2020, 1017 ALYX 9SM teamed up with Moncler (/wiki/Moncler) for its Genius lines. [17] (#cite_note-17) Louisahhh [ edit ] In November 2021, 1017 ALYX 9SM teamed up with the Paris-based DJ, Louisahhh, to design a t-shirt to promote Louisahhh's new album, The Practice of Freedom . [18] (#cite_note-18) XIN [ edit ] In March 2021, XIN announced a collaboration with 1017 ALYX 9SM. [19] (#cite_note-19) Givenchy [ edit ] In June 2020, Williams was appointed Creative Director of Givenchy (/wiki/Givenchy) collections for women and men, [20] (#cite_note-20) [21] (#cite_note-21) launching his first collection in December 2020. [22] (#cite_note-22) In November 2023, Williams' departure from Givenchy at the end of the year was announced. [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) Personal life [ edit ] Williams was married to Jennifer Murray. [23] (#cite_note-23) They have two daughters, Alyx and Valetta. He has a son, Cairo, from a previous relationship with costume designer Erin Hirsh. He was also previously in a relationship with Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) . [24] (#cite_note-24) [25] (#cite_note-25) [9] (#cite_note-bof2020-9) [11] (#cite_note-wsj2020-11) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Matthew_Williams_is_Givenchy’s_New_Designer_1-0) Miles Socha (June 15, 2020). "Matthew Williams is Givenchy's New Designer" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/designer-luxury/givenchy-new-designer-matthew-williams-alyx-1203651011/) . WWD . ^ (#cite_ref-The_Logic_Behind_Givenchy’s_New_Designer_Appointment_2-0) Chantal Fernandez (June 6, 2020). "The Logic Behind Givenchy's New Designer Appointment" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/professional/givenchy-designer-matthew-williams-alyx) . Business of Fashion . ^ a b Williams, Robert (2023-12-01). "Matthew Williams to Exit Givenchy" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/luxury/matthew-williams-to-exit-givenchy/) . The Business of Fashion . Retrieved 2023-12-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Matthew M. Williams Biography | GIVENCHY Paris" (http://www.5bestx.com/matthew-m-williams-biography.html) . www.5bestx.com . Retrieved 2022-02-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-Matthew_M._Williams_Biography_5-0) "Matthew M. Williams Biography" (https://www.givenchy.com/fr/en/matthew-m-williams-biography.html) . Givenchy.com . June 15, 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-Matthew_M._William_Biography_6-0) "Matthew M. Williams Biography" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/community/people/matthew-williams) . Business of Fashion . ^ a b c d e "The BoF Podcast: Matthew Williams on His Journey to Founding Alyx" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/podcasts/the-bof-podcast-matthew-williams-on-his-journey-to-founding-alyx) . Business Of Fashion . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Schneier, Matthew (2017-08-02). "Matthew Williams, Renaissance Man" (https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/02/fashion/matthew-williams-kanye-west-lady-gaga-alyx-ferrara-italy.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2022-02-27 . ^ a b Tim Blanks (October 1, 2020). "Matthew Williams' Plan for Givenchy" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/professional/matthew-williams-givenchy-debut-interview) . Business of Fashion . ^ a b Vikram Alexei Kansara (November 22, 2019). "Matthew Williams: Don't Call Me a Streetwear Designer" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/video/voices-talk-matthew-williams-1017-alyx-9sm-voices-talk-dont-call-me-a-streetwear-designer) . Business of Fashion . ^ a b Alexandra Marshall (October 4, 2020). "How Matthew M. Williams Is Refreshing Givenchy: Behind-The-Scenes of His First Collection" (https://www.wsj.com/articles/givenchy-matthew-m-williams-interview-first-collection-bts-11601733225) . WSJ. (/wiki/WSJ.) ^ a b Rachel Tashjian (June 15, 2020). "Givenchy Hiring Matthew Williams as Creative Director Cements Fashion's Famous BFFs Era" (https://www.gq.com/story/matthew-williams-givenchy) . GQ . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "1017 Alyx 9SM" (https://www.alyxstudio.com/pages/about#deny) . 1017 Alyx 9SM . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Haley Mlotek (9 January 2020). "Matthew Williams and The Business Family" (https://www.ssense.com/en-us/editorial/fashion/matthew-williams-and-the-business-of-family) . Ssense . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Max Grobe (June 27, 2018). "Take a Look at the Dior Pieces Designed by ALYX's Matthew Williams" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/matthew-williams-dior-accessories/) . Highsnobiety . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Collabs avec Nike et Dior, pièces exclusives ALYX... Matthew M. Williams annonce un pop-up à Paris" (https://hypebeast.com/fr/2019/6/nike-dior-alyx-pop-up-paris-matthew-williams-annonce) . Hypebeast . June 20, 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-17) "MATTHEW WILLIAMS 6 MONCLER 1017 ALYX 9SM" (https://www.moncler.com/gb/genius/6-moncler-1017-alyx-9sm-matthew-williams/) . Moncler . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Johnson, Dustin. "Designer Spotlight: Matthew Williams - Founder of 1017 ALYX 9SM and Creative Director of Givenchy" (https://theeasystreet.co/article/designer-spotlight-matthew-williams-founder-of-1017-alyx-9sm-and-creative-director-of-givenchy) . Easy Street . Retrieved May 3, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Xin Talks Exclusively About His Debut Brand & Collaboration With 1017 ALYX 9SM" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/xin-alyx/) . Highsnobiety . 2021-03-12 . Retrieved 2021-03-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Steff Yotka (June 15, 2020). "Matthew Williams Is Named the Creative Director of Givenchy" (https://www.vogue.com/article/matthew-williams-givenchy) . Vogue . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "How Matthew M. Williams Became Givenchy's Creative Director" (https://www.complex.com/style/how-matthew-m-williams-ascended-to-givenchy) . Complex . Retrieved 2022-02-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Exposito, Adrian Gomis (2020-12-01). "Givenchy Capsule Collection: Teaser By Matthew M. Williams Vanity Teen 虚荣青年 Lifestyle & New Faces Magazine" (https://www.vanityteen.com/givenchy-capsule-collection-teaser-by-matthew-m-williams/) . www.vanityteen.com . Retrieved 2022-02-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "6 Things To Know About Givenchy's New Creative Director Matthew Williams" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/fashion/article/6-things-to-know-matthew-williams) . British Vogue . 2020-06-16 . Retrieved 2022-02-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Matthew Schneier (August 7, 2017). "Matthew Williams, Renaissance Man" (https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/02/fashion/matthew-williams-kanye-west-lady-gaga-alyx-ferrara-italy.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Haley Mlotek (January 9, 2020). "Matthew Williams and the business of family" (https://www.ssense.com/en-us/editorial/fashion/matthew-williams-and-the-business-of-family) . SSENSE (/wiki/SSENSE) . 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This article needs to be updated . Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. ( October 2021 ) Materials for the Arts is a program of the New York City Department of Cultural Affairs (/wiki/New_York_City_Department_of_Cultural_Affairs) that provides free "new and gently used donated supplies to artists, nonprofit groups, and public schools." [1] (#cite_note-1) Its current executive director is Harriet Taub (/wiki/Harriet_Taub) . Established in 1979 by artist Angela Fremont (/w/index.php?title=Angela_Fremont&action=edit&redlink=1) , it was described by The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) as "like a Kmart (/wiki/Kmart_(United_States)) reimagined as Pee-wee's Big Adventure ." [2] (#cite_note-2) Located in a 25,000-square-foot warehouse in Long Island City (/wiki/Long_Island_City) , its shelves are "stocked with things like toaster ovens, rugs, theater curtains, yarn, paint and toothbrushes." [3] (#cite_note-3) Considered to be one of the largest reuse (/wiki/Reuse) centers in the country, the program redistributes more than $6 million in supplies a year, gathering "donations from fashion houses, television production companies and big-name corporations like Estée Lauder (/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies) ." [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) According to its website, the program also removes "hundreds of tons from the waste stream every year and [keeps it] out of landfills, which helps sustain our environment, promote reuse, and reduce waste." [6] (#cite_note-6) External links [ edit ] Official link on NYC.gov (https://www1.nyc.gov/content/mfta/pages/) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) FERNANDA SANTOS (February 28, 2011). "For Schools, Free Art Supplies, and Much More" (https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/01/nyregion/01warehouse.html?_r=1&) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) ANEMONA HARTOCOLLIS (November 30, 2001). "Warehouse Holds Trove for Artists; Need 50,000 Buttons? They're Here, and Free" (https://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/30/nyregion/warehouse-holds-trove-for-artists-need-50000-buttons-they-re-here-and-free.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) BARBARA WHITAKER (November 14, 2005). "From the Trash, a Treasure Chest for the Creative" (https://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/14/giving/14whittaker.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Cash for trash: Reuse stores make use of refuse" (http://www.nbcnews.com/id/29664783) . NBC News . March 13, 2009. ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Materials For The Arts Distributes Free Supplies To Artists And Public Schools" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130513045516/http://www.ny1.com/content/top_stories/61185/materials-for-the-arts-distributes-free-supplies-to-artists-and-public-schools) . NY1 (/wiki/NY1) . July 20, 2006. Archived from the original (http://www.ny1.com/content/top_stories/61185/materials-for-the-arts-distributes-free-supplies-to-artists-and-public-schools) on May 13, 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Materials For The Arts About Us" (http://www.mfta.org/aboutus.html) . Official Site . Retrieved November 1, 2012 . This New York City (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_New_York_City) –related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Materials_for_the_Arts&action=edit) . v t e This art (/wiki/Art) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Folk attire of Podhale region Traditional wedding outfit of Podhale Highlanders Folk costumes from Podhale region - female and male; contemporary design. Making of traditional highlander clasp. At the goldsmith's workshop of Andrzej Wojtas. Poland, Bukowina Tatrzańska, Podhale region. Folk costumes from Podhale (/wiki/Podhale) region - costumes wear by Highlanders ( Gorals (/wiki/Gorals) ) in Polish area of the Tatra Mountains (/wiki/Tatra_Mountains) , Podhale region. [1] (#cite_note-1) Unlike other regional groups in Poland, Highlanders from Podhale wear traditional outfit (or its elements) on a daily basis. This type of outfit is widely considered one of the Polish national costumes (/wiki/National_costumes_of_Poland) . [2] (#cite_note-2) Male attire [ edit ] The most important elements of male attire are: trousers ( portki ) and a coat ( cucha ) made of woollen broadcloth, a leather vest ( serdak ), moccasins ( kierpce ) and a belt ( trzos, opaska ), shirt ( koszula ) made of homespun flaxen cloth and a black felt hat. [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) Female attire [ edit ] Female attire has been changed through the 19th and 20th century and in mid-19th century consisted of a percale shirt with wide sleeves, a decorated corset made of fabric, a wide percale skirt with floral motif, a muslin apron (/wiki/Apron) ( fartuch ), boots with high soles, trinkets or coral necklaces around the neck and a muslin (or tybet, or woollen) scarf worn on the head or over the shoulders. Women also wear the same type of shoes as man do - kierpce. [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) Gallery [ edit ] Traditional Men`s Clothing from Podhale region Traditional man's attire from Podhale region - back, with a hat (from the Tatra Museum's collection) - back view. Traditional man's attire from Podhale region (from the Tatra Museum's collection) - front view. Traditional man's coat ('gunia', 'cucha') from Podhale region (from the Tatra Museum's collection) Details of the man's costume from Podhale region: traditional belt and 'parzenica' embroidery on trousers. Traditional Women`s Clothing from Podhale region Traditional woman's attire from Podhale region (from the collection of the Tatra Museum in Zakopane) - front view. Traditional skirt from Podhale region (from the collection of Tatra Museum in Zakopane) Traditional woman's attire from Podhale region (from the Tatra Museum's collection) - back view. Woman's traditional corset - Podhale region (from the Tatra Museum's collection). References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Gwozdz, Cathy (1985). Costumes of the Polish Highlanders . Polish Highlanders Association of Canada. ^ (#cite_ref-2) Condra, Jill (2013). Encyclopedia of National Dress: Traditional Clothing Around the World . ABC-CLIO. p. 601. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0313376379 . ^ a b Hermanowicz-Nowak, Krystyna (2014). "The Costume". Ethnologia Polona - Carpathian Reminiscences . 35 . Institute of Archeology and Ethnology Polish Academy of Science: 101–123. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐6f5ccb59c8‐xjb56 Cached time: 20240623062503 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.208 seconds Real time usage: 0.310 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 358/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 5076/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 466/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 20886/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.115/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3521557/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 274.922 1 -total 49.25% 135.390 1 Template:Reflist 38.90% 106.940 2 Template:Cite_book 37.94% 104.310 1 Template:Short_description 27.38% 75.275 2 Template:Pagetype 6.31% 17.348 3 Template:Main_other 5.46% 15.018 1 Template:SDcat 2.92% 8.033 1 Template:Cite_journal 0.77% 2.110 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:53880747-0!canonical and timestamp 20240623062503 and revision id 1150517967. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Folk_costumes_of_Podhale&oldid=1150517967 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Folk_costumes_of_Podhale&oldid=1150517967) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Polish folklore (/wiki/Category:Polish_folklore) Tatra Mountains (/wiki/Category:Tatra_Mountains) Polish clothing (/wiki/Category:Polish_clothing) Carpathians (/wiki/Category:Carpathians) Folk costumes (/wiki/Category:Folk_costumes) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles containing video clips (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_video_clips)
Michael Howells Born ( 1957-01-13 ) 13 January 1957 Droxford (/wiki/Droxford) , England Died 19 July 2018 (2018-07-19) (aged 61) London, England Education Gloucestershire College of Art and Design (/wiki/Gloucestershire_College_of_Art_and_Design) Camberwell School of Arts and Crafts (/wiki/Camberwell_School_of_Arts_and_Crafts) Occupation Designer A bust of Michael Howells Michael Dennis Howells (13 January 1957 – 19 July 2018 [1] (#cite_note-1) ) was an English art designer who worked across film, fashion, theatre and television. Early life [ edit ] Michael Dennis Howells was born in Droxford (/wiki/Droxford) , Hampshire, on 13 January 1957. [2] (#cite_note-ODNB-2) At the time of his birth, his father worked in Malawi (/wiki/Malawi) ; the younger Howells spent his first years there in and New Zealand before returning to England and growing up in Gloucestershire (/wiki/Gloucestershire) , where both his parents were from. The family lived in Stroud (/wiki/Stroud) . [2] (#cite_note-ODNB-2) He took an early interest in art and design, and his father gave him a doll house so he could explore his interest in decoration. [2] (#cite_note-ODNB-2) As a child, Howells decided to pursue design as a career after viewing an episode of Blue Peter (/wiki/Blue_Peter) featuring production designer Eileen Diss. [2] (#cite_note-ODNB-2) He attended the Marling School (/wiki/Marling_School) , the Gloucestershire College of Art and Design (/wiki/Gloucestershire_College_of_Art_and_Design) , and the Camberwell School of Arts and Crafts (/wiki/Camberwell_School_of_Arts_and_Crafts) . [2] (#cite_note-ODNB-2) Career [ edit ] Howells began his career stencilling floors for the Laura Ashley (/wiki/Laura_Ashley_(company)) company before becoming a floral designer for parties and a set designer for magazine photoshoots. [2] (#cite_note-ODNB-2) He entered the film industry as an Assistant Art Director on The Cook, the Thief, His Wife & Her Lover (/wiki/The_Cook,_the_Thief,_His_Wife_%26_Her_Lover) , where he worked with fashion designer Jean Paul Gaultier (/wiki/Jean_Paul_Gaultier) . [2] (#cite_note-ODNB-2) Known particularly for his work in fashion with John Galliano (/wiki/John_Galliano) , his work was seen in the films Orlando (/wiki/Orlando_(film)) (1992), Emma (/wiki/Emma_(1996_TV_film)) (1995), and Nanny McPhee (/wiki/Nanny_McPhee) (2005). [2] (#cite_note-ODNB-2) He was the production designer for the first two series of ITV's Victoria (/wiki/Victoria_(British_TV_series)) (2016–2017). [2] (#cite_note-ODNB-2) Howells collaborated with Galliano on his own label and at Dior (/wiki/Dior) , Christian Lacroix, Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) on shows; [3] (#cite_note-3) photographers Mario Testino (/wiki/Mario_Testino) and Nick Knight (/wiki/Nick_Knight_(photographer)) on editorial and advertising including many editions of Vogue and advertising campaigns for Dior (/wiki/Dior) , Burberry (/wiki/Burberry) and Dolce and Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_and_Gabbana) . He also designed Stephen Jones's award-winning V&A (/wiki/V%26A) exhibition 'Hat's An Anthology by Stephen Jones' in 2009. Film credits include Bright Young Things (/wiki/Bright_Young_Things_(film)) , Shackleton (/wiki/Shackleton_(TV_serial)) , About Time Too (/wiki/Ten_Minutes_Older#Ten_Minutes_Older:_The_Cello) , and Miss Julie (/wiki/Miss_Julie_(1999_film)) . Howells' theatre design credits include Ed Hall's acclaimed ‘Chariots of Fire’ [costumes], MSM/DV8 Physical Theatre at The Royal Court, 'Towards Poetry' for The Royal Ballet, 'Derdemon' for the Statsoper, Berlin, 'Julius Tomb’ for Mark Baldwin Company, and 'Constant Speed', celebrating Einstein's Centenary, for the Rambert Ballet, 2005, where he was made Associate Designer at Rambert in 2009. Howells was the Creative Director behind the iconic Christmas trees at Claridges (/wiki/Claridges) , where each year a fashion designer creates a tree. He created the inaugural tree in 2009 for John Galliano at Christian Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior) , and in 2010 for Dior, 2019 for Sir Jony Ives (/wiki/Jony_Ives) and Marc Newson (/wiki/Marc_Newson) , and in 2017 for Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) . Until 2017, Howells was the creative director of the Port Eliot Festival (/wiki/Port_Eliot_Festival) . [4] (#cite_note-4) He received a BAFTA (/wiki/BAFTA) nomination for his work on Shackleton . [5] (#cite_note-Horwell-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) Personal life and death [ edit ] Howells was in a relationship with composer David von Richthofen until von Richthofen's death in 1993. [2] (#cite_note-ODNB-2) Howells had Marfan syndrome (/wiki/Marfan_syndrome) , which contributed to his tall height of 6 feet 7 inches (2.01 m). [2] (#cite_note-ODNB-2) He died from a heart condition related to Marfan syndrome on 19 July 2018, at Hammersmith Hospital (/wiki/Hammersmith_Hospital) in London. [2] (#cite_note-ODNB-2) [5] (#cite_note-Horwell-5) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Pedersen, Erik (20 July 2018). "Michael Howells Dies: Production Designer & Fashion Show Veteran Was 61" (https://deadline.com/2018/07/michael-howells-dead-production-designer-fashion-show-veteran-was-61-1202430326/) . Deadline . Retrieved 31 January 2024 . ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Cullen, Oriole (2022). "Howells, Michael Dennis (1957–2018), production designer and art director". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography) (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1093/odnb/9780198614128.013.90000380514 (https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fodnb%2F9780198614128.013.90000380514) . (Subscription or UK public library membership (https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public) required.) ^ (#cite_ref-3) Germans, Cathy St (20 July 2018). "A Tribute To Michael Howells" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/michael-howells-tribute) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Obituaries, Telegraph (24 July 2018). "Michael Howells, production designer – obituary" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2018/07/24/michael-howells-production-designer-obituary/) . The Telegraph – via www.telegraph.co.uk. ^ a b Horwell, Veronica (26 July 2018). "Michael Howells obituary" (https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2018/jul/26/michael-howells-obituary) . the Guardian . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Michael Howells obituary" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/michael-howells-obituary-3v0l38jw8) . www.thetimes.co.uk . 26 July 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Michael Howells, art director, 1957–2018" (https://www.ft.com/content/f73333a0-901d-11e8-b639-7680cedcc421) . Financial Times . 27 July 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Michael Howells" (http://www.bafta.org/heritage/in-memory-of/michael-howells) . BAFTA . 6 November 2018 . Retrieved 1 June 2020 . External links [ edit ] http://www.michaelhowellsstudio.com/ (http://www.michaelhowellsstudio.com/) Michael Howells on Production Design Michael Howells as a guest on Episode 5 of Baroque In Britain on BBC Radio 4 Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International FAST (http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1537474/) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/311723546) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJkMDRgmWcJJXYwmqHWRrq) National Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/1062473590) United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n97857057) People Deutsche Biographie (https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd1062473590.html?language=en) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐786f74c5d5‐9qmk5 Cached time: 20240624031951 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.383 seconds Real time usage: 0.508 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2169/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 24429/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1270/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 8/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 37650/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.246/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7555406/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 469.703 1 -total 36.29% 170.477 1 Template:Infobox_person 30.52% 143.351 1 Template:Reflist 21.24% 99.785 5 Template:Cite_web 18.67% 87.690 1 Template:Authority_control 12.88% 60.512 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 7.93% 37.261 1 Template:Birth_date 7.01% 32.926 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates 5.56% 26.105 1 Template:Convert 5.48% 25.733 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:58011016-0!canonical and timestamp 20240624031951 and revision id 1201391995. 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Fashion website For any other use, see Fashionista (/wiki/Fashionista_(disambiguation)) . Fashionista Type of site Fashion news Available in English Editor Breaking Media URL fashionista (https://fashionista.com/) .com (https://fashionista.com/) Launched 2007 Fashionista is a fashion (/wiki/Fashion_journalism) website owned by Breaking Media. History [ edit ] Fashionista was launched in 2007. It was originally written as a fashion blog (/wiki/Fashion_blog) by Faran Krentcil. [1] (#cite_note-1) In April 2009, editor Natalie Hormilla stepped down. [2] (#cite_note-2) By 2010, Fashionista had gained worldwide popularity in the fashion niche and revamped its website and logo (also moving it from Joomla (/wiki/Joomla) to WordPress (/wiki/WordPress) ). [3] (#cite_note-3) In 2010, Breaking Media raised a $1.3 million round of investment. [4] (#cite_note-techcrunch_2015-4) In November 2013, Stephanie Trong and Lauren Indvik were named co-editors-in-chief of Fashionista , succeeding to Leah Chernikoff. In March 2014, Stephanie Trong stepped down, leaving Lauren Indvik the sole editor-in-chief of the website. [5] (#cite_note-5) In April 2014, the website was moved from WordPress to SAY Media (/wiki/SAY_Media) 's content management and monetization platform Tempest. [6] (#cite_note-6) In April 2015, Breaking Media raised another $1.5 million round of investment. [4] (#cite_note-techcrunch_2015-4) In November 2015, Lauren Indvik was named editor at large of Fashionista , succeeding to Lauren Sherman. [7] (#cite_note-7) In December 2015, Fashionista introduced its own advertising studio (Fashionista CoLab) to offer custom advertising experiences to advertisers. [8] (#cite_note-8) Description [ edit ] Fashionista is the most-visited website edited by Breaking Media. [9] (#cite_note-9) Compared to other fashion news websites, Fashionista' s editorial is more pop culture and geared to a younger audience. [10] (#cite_note-10) Awards [ edit ] 2012: Webby Award (/wiki/Webby_Award) for best fashion website [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) Related pages [ edit ] Fashion journalism (/wiki/Fashion_journalism) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Francesca Sterlacci; Joanne Arbuckle (30 June 2017). Historical Dictionary of the Fashion Industry . Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781442239098 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Noah Davis (1 April 2009). "Fashionista.com Editor Departs" (https://www.adweek.com/digital/fashionista-com-editor-departs/) . Adweek.com . Retrieved 8 January 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Fashionista: More Thread, Less Trend" (https://www.underconsideration.com/brandnew/archives/fashionista_more_thread_less_trend.php) . Underconsideration.com . 24 February 2010 . Retrieved 8 January 2019 . ^ a b Anthony Ha (10 April 2015). "Breaking Media, publisher of Above the Law and Fashionista, raises $1,5m" (https://techcrunch.com/2015/04/10/breaking-media-funding/) . Techcrunch.com . Retrieved 8 January 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Media scoop! Fashionista co-EIC Stephanie Trong steps down" (https://fashionweekdaily.com/media-scoop-fashionista-co-eic-stephanie-trong-steps-down/) . Fashionweekdaily.com . 26 March 2014 . Retrieved 8 January 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "A stylish new Fashionista on Say Media's Tempest platform" (https://www.saydaily.com/2014/04/a-stylish-new-look-and-feel-for-fashionista-on-say-medias-tempest-platform) . Saydaily.com . 14 April 2014 . Retrieved 8 January 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Alexandra Steigrad (17 November 2015). "Fashionista's Lauren Indvik Becomes Editor at Large, CEO Addresses Sale Speculation" (https://wwd.com/business-news/media/fashionista-editor-lauren-indvik-john-lerner-addresses-speculation-of-sale-10281352/) . Wwd.com . Retrieved 8 January 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Fashionista launches in-house, native advertising studio, 'CoLab' (https://breakingmedia.com/2015/12/fashionista-launches-in-house-native-advertising-studio-colab/) " (https://breakingmedia.com/2015/12/fashionista-launches-in-house-native-advertising-studio-colab/) . Breakingmedia.com . 10 December 2015 . Retrieved 8 January 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Why Breaking Media believes small can be beautiful" (https://digiday.com/media/breaking-media-believes-small-can-beautiful/) . Digiday.com . 4 August 2016 . Retrieved 8 January 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Top 5 News Sources For Fashion Lovers" (https://fashionschooldaily.com/index.php/2016/03/22/top-5-news-sources-for-fashion-lovers/) . Fashionschooldaily.com . 22 March 2016 . Retrieved 8 January 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "2012 Honoree" (https://www.webbyawards.com/winners/2012/web/general-website/fashion/fashionista/) . Webbyawards.com . 2012 . Retrieved 8 January 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Wealthy Fools" (https://wealthyfools.net/) . Wealthyfools.net . Retrieved 12 August 2021 . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://fashionista.com/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5d7979cbdd‐77qd9 Cached time: 20240715211125 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.257 seconds Real time usage: 0.345 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1436/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 23230/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 744/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 45855/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.165/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5827977/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 328.573 1 -total 42.91% 140.998 1 Template:Reflist 24.87% 81.706 1 Template:Short_description 24.79% 81.464 1 Template:Cite_book 24.28% 79.770 1 Template:Infobox_website 21.42% 70.391 1 Template:Infobox 15.54% 51.058 2 Template:Pagetype 12.21% 40.125 11 Template:Cite_web 6.05% 19.883 17 Template:If_empty 6.01% 19.749 6 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:59610286-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715211125 and revision id 1182437752. 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Japanese work-trousers Hilton, Elstner, (1915) Woman in Kimono and Monpe with Basket Monpe ( もんぺ (https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%82%E3%82%93%E3%81%BA) /モンペ) [1] (#cite_note-1) otherwise called moppe or mompei , and in Korean, ilbaji (see Baji (/wiki/Baji_(clothing)) ), [2] (#cite_note-2) is an umbrella term used for the traditional style of loose agricultural work-trouser in Japan. It is most commonly worn by female labourers, especially farm workers in agricultural and mountain villages. [3] (#cite_note-3) A traditional pair of monpe is recognised by having a loose waistband and a drawstring hem around each ankle. The garment is historically thought to have descended from the traditional court trousers, Hakama (/wiki/Hakama) because of the loose shape of the trouser leg and how the piece of clothing is designed to also be worn over kimono. This style is sometimes referred to as yamabakama (lit. hakama for mountains) or nobakama (lit. hakama for fields). [4] (#cite_note-4) Monpe was popularised as an informal uniform in Japan during the 1930s and 1940s, and Pacific War (/wiki/Pacific_War) , because it used existing materials within the home and could be easily altered and repaired, and this was a necessity in wartime. However, as it came to be worn by the majority of urban working-class women, it transformed into a symbol of Japan's wartime deprivation. [5] (#cite_note-5) It was also criticised for its unfeminine qualities, in comparison to kimono or Western-style clothing ( yōfuku ), deemed "too frivolous" in wartime. [6] (#cite_note-6) Geographically, it has been associated with Japanese women living in the Northeastern Japanese farming countryside, such as Yonezawa, although this specificity has been questioned by historians. [7] (#cite_note-7) It is actually thought that women have been wearing variations of monpe across many areas of Japan, particularly in the Tohoku region (/wiki/T%C5%8Dhoku_region) , for centuries. [8] (#cite_note-8) Design features [ edit ] Construction [ edit ] The main elements of the garment has a simple sewing pattern, sometimes described as a four-panel hakama, again owing to similar origins. It is made up of a front and back panel, and two side panels. There is an open side on each hip, and a total of four straps at the corners of the hips, almost identical to ones used for securing Hakama, himo , which are used to fasten around the waist in a knot. Traditionally, there is no elastic added at the ankle, but today, variations of monpe are sometimes made with elastic on the hip and ankles for added comfort and flexibility. The production of traditional monpe today continues to be labour intensive, but it has become mechanised in some parts of the process, such as weaving the fabric, and making the dye. [9] (#cite_note-9) Textiles [ edit ] As monpe is primarily a work garment, it needs to maximise the wearer's mobility and also be made from durable material. The most common and accessible material to the rural population in Edo (/wiki/Edo_period) and Meiji Japan, was cotton. Due to industrialisation of the textile industry in the Meiji period (/wiki/Meiji_(era)) (1868–1912), Monpe can also been made from other textiles, such as wool (/wiki/Wool) and hemp (/wiki/Hemp) , which are thicker and more protective during the winter. [10] (#cite_note-10) A specific type of cotton is generally used, Kasuri (/wiki/Kasuri) cotton, to create distinctive patterns in the fabric when dyed. This technique is often aligned with the Indonesian dyeing method, ikat (/wiki/Ikat) . There are also regional variations, such as Kurume kasuri originating in Chikugo, Fukuoka (/wiki/Chikugo,_Fukuoka) , and Ryukyu kasuri in Okinawa (/wiki/Okinawa_Prefecture) [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) Colour, pattern and style [ edit ] The most common and traditional colours of monpe is blue indigo. In premodern Japan, strict sumptuary laws (/wiki/Sumptuary_law) were enacted by the Shogunate (/wiki/Shogun) , which forbade farmers from wearing certain textiles such as silk, and colours such as purple, crimson, and plum-coloured dyes. [13] (#cite_note-13) However, one of the colours allowed was dark blue. Subsequently, rural workers began to be associated with blue clothing. [14] (#cite_note-14) While it does differ depending on region, traditionally the blue dye is contrasted with regular white geometric designs. Stripes are also used, although this pattern is considered one of the most complicated to weave. [15] (#cite_note-15) Also, there is slight variation between the stripes men and women would wear; men's stripes were woven in very narrow stripes, whereas women's stripes were wider and not so regular in spacing. [16] (#cite_note-16) Since the Taisho (/wiki/Taish%C5%8D) period (1912-1926) monpe have been made using more adventurous and brighter colour palettes, such as orange and purple, although even today indigo blue continues to be the most common. Origins and history [ edit ] Sixth century to 1940 [ edit ] The origins of monpe are found in hakama, which were introduced to the Japanese court around the sixth century, and primarily used as professional clothing for men. Once conceived, owing to their simple construction, monpe did not change significantly in style for centuries, and continued to be practical garments to wear during outdoor work. There is debate on when modern monpe used in urban areas first developed, with some historians such as Yi Jaeyoon arguing this was not until 1924. [17] (#cite_note-17) In the early 1930s, the ethnologist and folklorist, Kiyoko Segawa (1895–1984) [ citation needed ] , travelled throughout the countryside and remote villages to study traditional rural clothing. The introduction of Western clothing after the Meiji Restoration was perceived by some as a threat to traditional, wafuku clothing, such as kimono and monpe, so efforts were made to preserve indigenous clothing. [18] (#cite_note-18) Segawa wrote 61 volumes in total, with record of three hundred versions of monpe across Japan. [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) Around the same time, in 1930, Kimura Matsukichi, recommended monpe as the ideal work dress for women in factories. The garments discussion in high-brow fashion journals including Hifuku (Clothing) signalled its entrance into mainstream urban clothing. [21] (#cite_note-21) Kitagawa, Utamaro (1795), Washing Clothes ( Sentaku ) from Women's Handicrafts Models of Dexterity ( Fujin Tewaza Ayatsuri Kagami ), Brooklyn Museum Pacific war [ edit ] At the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War (/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War) , monpe were quick to proliferate across work and school environments. During the Pacific War, monpe were almost enforced as part of government-regulated Standard Dress for women, even as kokumim-fuku (/wiki/Kokumin-fuku) . In wartime, popular magazines were published which demonstrated how women could make monpe out of their old kimonos, and girls magazines such as Shõjo kurabu (/wiki/Sh%C5%8Djo_Kurabu) used monpe as a symbol of the home front. [22] (#cite_note-22) There were also a monpe workshop held at a school in Tokyo and sponsored by the Home Ministry to encourage female students to sew their own clothes. [23] (#cite_note-23) The garments utility ease of construction quickly made them a default choice for urban women, who wore it in factories, during air-raids, and as their everyday wear with old shirts and kimono. However, not everyone supported the wearing of monpe during the war for various reasons, and historians have clarified that "only monpe (loose trousers) were generally adopted, not because they were patriotic but because they were practical." [24] (#cite_note-24) Government officials, including Saito Keizō [ citation needed ] , the Minister for Welfare declared in 1939: "recycled national defense dress such as monpe is a disgrace to the nation." [25] (#cite_note-25) Soon after the war, monpe fell out of mainstream use due to its reminder of national struggle and widespread deprivation. This does not mean Japanese fashion returned to pre-war styles, as the position of kimono as a Japanese woman's everyday dress was not repaired either. It has continued to be seen as too extravagant in the postwar period, and is now only worn on formal occasions. [26] (#cite_note-26) Korea [ edit ] The experience of monpe in Korea is significantly different to Japan. In the late 1930s, monpe were distributed and enforced in colonial Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and other occupied areas, as quick practical pieces of clothing to wear for air-raids or fires. [27] (#cite_note-27) They continue to be worn as work clothing in the postwar period, but in order to "expunge the vestiges of Japanese colonization,” the garment was renamed ilbaji , meaning 'work pants'. Monpe is now used as an "evolving meme", online and on TV in Korea. [28] (#cite_note-28) [29] (#cite_note-29) Monpe has also transformed into a positive meaning in Korean fashion, which advertises monpe as workout trousers, team uniforms, or loungewear. [30] (#cite_note-30) Monpe in Popular Culture [ edit ] Film, anime, manga and TV shows [ edit ] Monpe has been depicted in anime (/wiki/Anime) : Setsuko Yokokawa, the four-year old sister of Seita Yokokawa in Studio Ghibli's 1988 film, Grave of the Fireflies (/wiki/Grave_of_the_Fireflies) ( Hotaru no Haka ), wears a pair of blue monpe sparsely decorated with a traditional grid pattern named igeta or well-crib pattern. Taeko Okajima, the main character in Isao Takahata and Studio Ghibli's 1991 film, Only Yesterday (/wiki/Only_Yesterday_(1991_film)) ( Omoide Poro Poro ) is shown wearing monpe when she works on the farms during the safflower harvest in Yamagata. Taeko wears a pale green pair of monpe, with a pale blue igeta pattern. When she arrives at the farm, one of the other characters exclaims in delight: "Wearing work pants, too! (あれえ！モンペなんかはいて張り切ってるでねえの)" Suzu Urano, the main character of In This Corner of the World (/wiki/In_This_Corner_of_the_World_(film)) , a 2016 film produced by MAPPA (/wiki/MAPPA) , is shown refashioning an old kimono into monpe, in a scene set in the winter of 1943 Hiroshima (/wiki/Hiroshima) . The 1982–1983 anime series, Tonde Monpe [ citation needed ] follows the story of a maid and nanny called Monpe Hanamura, whose signature outfit is a red shirt with bright blue monpe. Tonde Burin (/wiki/Tonde_Burin) is a magical girl (/wiki/Magical_girl) manga series later released as anime by Nippon Animation (/wiki/Nippon_Animation) between 1994–5. Its 15th episode, entitled "Grief of the Young Girl's Monpe" shows the main character, Karin Kokubu, wearing dark blue monpe while cleaning a riverbank. The Korean show Invincible Youth (/wiki/Invincible_Youth) , airing 2009-2012, had monpe as the de facto uniform worn by female K-Pop (/wiki/K-Pop) idols, and it is still sometimes in Korean entertainment shows when the participants go to work in the countryside. Video games [ edit ] In Animal Crossing: New Horizons (/wiki/Animal_Crossing:_New_Horizons) (2020), the playable character can purchase "Traditional Monpe Pants" in Able Sisters for 1,040 Bells. [31] (#cite_note-31) The clothing comes in four colour variations, all with a regular cross pattern. The item is categorised in the outdoorsy/work theme. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Smith, Bonnie G., ed. (2008). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Women in World History . Oxford University Press. p. 648. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780195148909 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Soohyeon, Rhew; Juhyun, Ro; Jaeyoon, Yi (June 2017). "Monpe Workpants and Their Memetic Derivations" (https://www.dbpia.co.kr/journal/articleDetail?nodeId=NODE07192237&language=ko_KR&hasTopBanner=false) . International Journal of Costume and Fashion . 17 (1): 73. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.7233/ijcf.2017.17.1.073 (https://doi.org/10.7233%2Fijcf.2017.17.1.073) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 2288-7490 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2288-7490) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Havens, Thomas R. H. (/wiki/Thomas_Havens) (October 1975). "Women and War in Japan, 1937–45" (https://doi.org/10.2307/1867444) . The American Historical Review . 80 (4): 931. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2307/1867444 (https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1867444) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0002-8762 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0002-8762) . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 1867444 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/1867444) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Monpe (womens work pants) (もんぺ)" (https://www.japanese-wiki-corpus.org/culture/monpe%20(womens%20work%20pants).html) . Japanese Wiki Corpus (in Japanese and English). National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT). ^ (#cite_ref-5) Bae, Catherine (2012). "War on the Domestic Front: Changing Ideals of Girlhood in Girls' Magazines, 1937–1945" (https://www.jstor.org/stable/42771878) . U.S.-Japan Women's Journal (42): 114. JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 42771878 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/42771878) . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Molony, Barbara (2007). "Gender, Citizenship, and Dress in Modernising Japan". In Roces, Mina; Edwards, Louise (eds.). The Politics of Dress in Asia and the Americas . London: Sussex Academic Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781845191634 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Gordon, Andrew (2012). Fabricating Consumers: The Sewing Machine in Modern Japan . London: University of California Press. p. 147. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780520267855 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Nickerson, Rebecca Ann (2011). "Imperial Designs: Fashion, Cosmetics, and Cultural Identity in Japan, 1931–1943" (https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/24222/Nickerson_Rebecca.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y) (PhD) : 41. {{ cite journal (/wiki/Template:Cite_journal) }} : Cite journal requires |journal= ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical) ) ^ (#cite_ref-9) "00 The making of MONPE – もんぺができるまで / Japanese ikat textile Kurume kasuri 久留米絣" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yx3cjWsicEk) . UNAGINO-NEDOKO Official / うなぎの寝床公式チャンネル – via YouTube. ^ (#cite_ref-10) Hanley, Susan B. (1997). Everyday Things in Premodern Japan: The Hidden Legacy of Material Culture . London: University of California Press. p. 172. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-520-20470-0 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "02 KURUME KASURI 久留米絣- Japanese ikat / Modern technique (machine weaving, chemical dye)" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7bxWww3AR8) . UNAGINO-NEDOKO Official / うなぎの寝床公式チャンネル – via YouTube. ^ (#cite_ref-12) "【Ryukyu Kasuri】OKINAWA STRUCTURE vol.2 The process and technique of Ikat textile of Okinawa, Japan" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dii3ayr-YxM) . UNAGINO-NEDOKO Official / うなぎの寝床公式チャンネル – via YouTube. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Shively, Donald H. (1964–1965). "Sumptuary Regulation and Status in Early Tokugawa Japan" (https://www.jstor.org/stable/2718340) . Harvard Journal of Asiatic . 25 : 154. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2307/2718340 (https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2718340) . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 2718340 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/2718340) . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "COLORFUL JAPAN: Kind of Blue – Dig More Japan" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vz1cmW_Q_3w) . NHK WORLD-JAPAN – via YouTube. ^ (#cite_ref-15) Dalby, Liza Crihfield (2001). Kimono: Fashioning Culture . London: Vintage. p. 178. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780099428992 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Dalby, Liza Crihfield (2001). Kimono: Fashioning Culture . London: Vintage. p. 176. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0099428997 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Jaeyoon, Yi (2015). "Textbooks and Textiles: Fashion in East Asia, 1920–1945" (http://koreascience.kr/article/JAKO201521052964306.pdf) (PDF) . International Journal of Costume and Fashion . 15 (1): 93. ^ (#cite_ref-18) Dalby, Liza Crihfield (2001). Kimono : Fashioning Culture . London: Vintage. p. 162. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0099428997 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "瀬川清子 1895-1984 Overview" (http://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n87931633/) . OCLC WorldCat Identities . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Dalby, Liza Crihfield (2001). Kimono : Fashioning Culture . London: Vintage. p. 163. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0099428997 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Gordon, Andrew (2012). Fabricating Consumers: The Sewing Machine in Modern Japan . London: University of California Press. p. 147. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780520267855 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Bae, Catherine (2012). "War on the Domestic Front: Changing Ideals of Girlhood in Girls' Magazines, 1937–1945" (https://www.jstor.org/stable/42771878) . U.S.-Japan Women's Journal (42): 125. JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 42771878 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/42771878) . ^ (#cite_ref-23) Gordon, Andrew (2012). Fabricating Consumers: The Sewing Machine in Modern Japan . California: University of California Press. p. 146. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0520950313 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Jackson, Anna (2005). "review of Wearing Propaganda: Textiles on the Home Front in Japan, Britain and the United States 1931–1945" (https://reviews.history.ac.uk/review/548) . Reviews in History (548). ^ (#cite_ref-25) Gordon, Andrew (2012). Fabricating Consumers: The Sewing Machine in Modern Japan . California: University of California Press. p. 147. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0520950313 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) Dalby, Liza Crihfield (2001). Kimono : Fashioning Culture . London: Vintage. p. 147. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0099428997 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) Jaeyoon, Yi (2015). "Textbooks and Textiles: Fashion in East Asia, 1920–1945" (http://koreascience.kr/article/JAKO201521052964306.pdf) (PDF) . International Journal of Costume and Fashion . 15 (1): 93. ^ (#cite_ref-28) Soohyeon, Rhew; Juhyun, Ro; Jaeyoon, Yi (June 2017). "Monpe Workpants and Their Memetic Derivations" (https://www.dbpia.co.kr/journal/articleDetail?nodeId=NODE07192237&language=ko_KR&hasTopBanner=false) . International Journal of Costume and Fashion . 17 (1): 74. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 2288-7490 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2288-7490) . ^ (#cite_ref-29) Soohyeon, Rhew; Juhyun, Ro; Jaeyoon, Yi (June 2017). "Monpe Workpants and Their Memetic Derivations" (https://www.dbpia.co.kr/journal/articleDetail?nodeId=NODE07192237&language=ko_KR&hasTopBanner=false) . International Journal of Costume and Fashion . 17 (1): 76. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 2288-7490 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2288-7490) . ^ (#cite_ref-30) Soohyeon, Rhew; Juhyun, Ro; Jaeyoon, Yi (June 2017). "Monpe Workpants and Their Memetic Derivations" (https://www.dbpia.co.kr/journal/articleDetail?nodeId=NODE07192237&language=ko_KR&hasTopBanner=false) . International Journal of Costume and Fashion . 17 (1): 83. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 2288-7490 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2288-7490) . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "Traditional Monpe Pants (New Horizons)" (https://nookipedia.com/wiki/Item:Traditional_Monpe_Pants_(New_Horizons)) . Nookipedia . 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Form of lingerie Tap pants (rear view). Tap pants , also known as side-cut shorts or dance shorts, are a form of lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) designed for women, similar to French knickers (/wiki/French_knickers) in appearance. As the name implies, they are a type of shorts (/wiki/Shorts) , in that they cover the pelvic area and the upper part of the upper legs. The name originates from shorts worn by tap (/wiki/Tap_dance) dancers during the 1930s while practicing their routines. Tap pants are mostly made of lace, silk, satin, polyester, rayon and cotton voile. Some pairs may be trimmed in ruffles. Tap pants look much like track shorts, allow freedom of movement, and can be worn as an outer garment over other types of underwear (e.g., g-strings (/wiki/G-string) ), however they are mostly worn as innerwear or leisure wear. From a distance, tap pants can be mistaken for a half slip. Tap pants generally hang loose around the body. For this reason, they have been losing popularity to slimmer versions of underwear since the mid 20th century, [1] (#cite_note-1) as loose undergarments do not mix with figure-hugging dresses, and especially with pants (/wiki/Trousers) . Another garment, similar to tap pants but tighter to the body, are boyshorts (/wiki/Boyshorts) or booty shorts (/wiki/Booty_shorts) . A culotte (/wiki/Culotte) is similar to tap pants, but longer in the leg. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Knowles, Matt. "Victorian & Edwardian Lingerie - The Vintage Clothing Collection of Lori Knowles" (http://www.knowlesville.com/vintage/lingerie.html) . Knowlesville . Retrieved 2010-07-30 . v t e Lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) Upper torso Types (/wiki/List_of_bra_designs) of bras (/wiki/Bra) History (/wiki/History_of_bras) Bandeau (/wiki/Bandeau) Bralette (/wiki/Bralette) Nursing bra (/wiki/Nursing_bra) Sports bra (/wiki/Sports_bra) Training bra (/wiki/Training_bra) Underwire bra (/wiki/Underwire_bra) Male bra (/wiki/Male_bra) Other garments Babydoll (/wiki/Babydoll) Bustier (/wiki/Bustier) Camisole (/wiki/Camisole) Dudou (/wiki/Dudou) Negligee (/wiki/Negligee) Nightgown (/wiki/Nightgown) Torsolette (/wiki/Torsolette) Yếm (/wiki/Y%E1%BA%BFm) Lower torso Bikini (/wiki/Bikini) Boyshorts (/wiki/Boyshorts) French knickers (/wiki/French_knickers) Fundoshi (/wiki/Fundoshi) Girdle (/wiki/Girdle_(undergarment)) Girl boxers (/wiki/Girl_boxers) Panties (/wiki/Panties) Period underwear (/wiki/Period_underwear) Tanga (/wiki/Thong) Tap pants Thong (/wiki/Thong) ( G-string (/wiki/G-string) ) Bloomers (/wiki/Bloomers) Full torso Bodice (/wiki/Bodice) Corset (/wiki/Corset) Corselet (/wiki/Corselet) Foundation garment (/wiki/Foundation_garment) Nightshirt (/wiki/Nightshirt) Playsuit (/wiki/Playsuit_(lingerie)) Slip (/wiki/Slip_(clothing)) Teddy (/wiki/Teddy_(garment)) Hosiery (/wiki/Hosiery) Bodystocking (/wiki/Bodystocking) Garter (/wiki/Garter) Hold-ups (/wiki/Hold-ups) Knee highs (/wiki/Knee_highs) Pantyhose (/wiki/Pantyhose) Stocking (/wiki/Stocking) Tights (/wiki/Tights) Historical Basque (/wiki/Basque_(clothing)) Boudoir cap (/wiki/Boudoir_cap) Bustle (/wiki/Bustle) Chemise (/wiki/Chemise) Crinoline (/wiki/Crinoline) Farthingale (/wiki/Farthingale) Hoop skirt (/wiki/Hoop_skirt) Liberty bodice (/wiki/Liberty_bodice) Pannier (/wiki/Pannier_(clothing)) Pantalettes (/wiki/Pantalettes) Petticoat (/wiki/Petticoat) Pettipants (/wiki/Pettipants) Waist cincher (/wiki/Waist_cincher) Accessories Falsies (/wiki/Falsies) Lingerie tape (/wiki/Lingerie_tape) Brands List of lingerie brands (/wiki/List_of_lingerie_brands) Retail Bras N Things (/wiki/Bras_N_Things) Cosmo Lady (/wiki/Cosmo_Lady) Figleaves (/wiki/Figleaves) HerRoom (/wiki/HerRoom) Journelle (/wiki/Journelle) True & Co. (/wiki/True_%26_Co.) 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1992 American film Godzilla vs. Charles Barkley Promotional poster Directed by Michael Owens Produced by Clint Goldman Starring Charles Barkley (/wiki/Charles_Barkley) Cinematography Kim Marks Edited by Bob Sarles (/wiki/Bob_Sarles) Production company Industrial Light & Magic (/wiki/Industrial_Light_%26_Magic) Release date September 9, 1992 ( 1992-09-09 ) Running time 30 seconds Country United States Language English Godzilla vs. Charles Barkley is a 1992 Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) television commercial (/wiki/Television_commercial) directed by Michael Owens. Produced by Industrial Light & Magic (/wiki/Industrial_Light_%26_Magic) , the commercial featured a giant-sized version of NBA (/wiki/NBA) star Charles Barkley (/wiki/Charles_Barkley) challenging Godzilla (/wiki/Godzilla) to a game of basketball (/wiki/Basketball) in the streets of downtown Tokyo (/wiki/Tokyo) . Wieden+Kennedy (/wiki/Wieden%2BKennedy) employees Warren Eakins and Steve Sandoz converted the idea of Barkley contending Godzilla after Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) revealed that Barkley's face would be featured on a pair of new Nike basketball sneakers. Industrial Light & Magic began production on the commercial after Nike, Wieden + Kennedy, Barkley, and Toho (/wiki/Toho) approved the proposal. The crew reconstructed the miniature set used for Ghostbusters II (/wiki/Ghostbusters_II) (1989) to resemble Tokyo for Barkley and Godzilla's confrontation. Principal photography (/wiki/Principal_photography) ran eight days in June 1992, with editing taking four weeks. Godzilla vs. Charles Barkley debuted in the United States on September 9, 1992, during the MTV Video Music Awards (/wiki/1992_MTV_Video_Music_Awards) broadcast on MTV (/wiki/MTV) . The commercial was later adapted into a comic book. Synopsis [ edit ] At the beginning of the commercial, Godzilla is rampaging through Tokyo when he hears Barkley dribbling (/wiki/Dribbling) a basketball. In response, the monster dons a pair of pink goggles and prepares for a basketball game, in which the two will use the O from a Tokyo sign on a building as their hoop. Godzilla knocks the ball from Barkley's hands with his tail, but Barkley retrieves it and pushes Godzilla into a building, clearing the path for an easy slam dunk (/wiki/Slam_dunk) . Afterwards, Barkley and Godzilla are seen walking through the streets together, with Barkley's arm on Godzilla's shoulder. Barkley tells Godzilla that "the Lakers are looking for a big man", and the spot concludes with the Nike swoosh (/wiki/Swoosh) logo. Another ending used in the commercial has Barkley asking Godzilla "Have you ever thought about wearing shoes?" Cast [ edit ] Charles Barkley (/wiki/Charles_Barkley) as himself, a professional basketball (/wiki/Basketball) player Ron Thiele as Godzilla (/wiki/Godzilla) , a giant reptilian monster [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Production [ edit ] This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Godzilla_vs._Charles_Barkley&action=edit&section=) . ( February 2023 ) Wieden+Kennedy (/wiki/Wieden%2BKennedy) employees Warren Eakins and Steve Sandoz conceived of the idea of Charles Barkley (/wiki/Charles_Barkley) contending Godzilla (/wiki/Godzilla) after Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) revealed that Barkley's face would be featured on a pair of new Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) basketball sneakers. Industrial Light & Magic (/wiki/Industrial_Light_%26_Magic) began production on the commercial after Nike, Wieden + Kennedy, Barkley, and Toho (/wiki/Toho) approved the proposal. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) It was originally intended for Japanese audiences, but Nike was impressed enough to use it in the United States, [2] (#cite_note-2) where it debuted on September 9, 1992, during the MTV Video Music Awards (/wiki/1992_MTV_Video_Music_Awards) broadcast on MTV (/wiki/MTV) . [3] (#cite_note-3) Before the commercial's debut a trailer aired during the 1992 NBA All-Star Game (/wiki/1992_NBA_All-Star_Game) . [4] (#cite_note-4) The commercial required eight days of filming during the first two weeks in June 1992 and four weeks of editing thereafter. [5] (#cite_note-5) It employs suitmation (/wiki/Suitmation) techniques, which were still being used in the Godzilla films being made by Toho (/wiki/Toho) . Clint Goldman of ILM explained, "The idea was that we would show a modern look, but not with total 'ILM realism'. It just wouldn't be true to the subject matter." The Godzilla costume comprised many foam rubber (/wiki/Foam_rubber) pieces, and puppeteers produced the monster's facial expressions with radio control (/wiki/Radio_control) devices. [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) The crew reconstructed the miniature set used for Ghostbusters II (/wiki/Ghostbusters_II) (1989) to resemble Tokyo for Barkley and Godzilla's confrontation. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) The special effects team used mattes (/wiki/Matte_(filmmaking)) to create the illusion of a larger city. [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) This commercial was the first television commercial to ever utilize 3D Audio. The Barnaby microphone invented by Jeff Gold of 3D.Audio was used by Jeff Roth of Focused Audio to create a basketball dribbling sound that would jump out of the speakers. [7] (#cite_note-7) Crew [ edit ] Agency: Wieden & Kennedy, Portland Creatives: Warren Eakins and Steve Sandoz Agency Producer: John Adams Production Company: Industrial Light & Magic, San Rafael Director: Michael Owens Producer: Clint Goldman Director of Photography: Kim Marks Head of Creature Department: Jeff Mann Editor: Bob Sarles (/wiki/Bob_Sarles) Sound Designer: Jeff Roth at Focused Audio, San Francisco 3D Audio (Barnaby Microphone): 3D.Audio Sound Mix Engineer: Jay Shilliday at Focused Audio, San Francisco Comic book adaptation [ edit ] In December 1993, Dark Horse Comics (/wiki/Dark_Horse_Comics) released Godzilla vs. Barkley , a one-shot (/wiki/One-shot_(comics)) comic inspired by the commercial (although most of the action takes place in California rather than in Japan). The comic was written by Mike Baron (/wiki/Mike_Baron) with art by Jeff Butler (/wiki/Jeff_Butler) and Keith Aiken. [8] (#cite_note-8) References [ edit ] ^ a b c Vanhooker, Brian (September 10, 2022). "30 years ago, one epic commercial revitalized the Godzilla franchise in America" (https://www.inverse.com/culture/godzilla-vs-charles-barkley-nike-ad-oral-history) . Inverse (/wiki/Inverse_(website)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220912141258/https://www.inverse.com/culture/godzilla-vs-charles-barkley-nike-ad-oral-history) from the original on September 12, 2022 . Retrieved February 21, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Moore, Martha T. (September 9, 1992). "Godzilla Meets Barkley on MTV". USA Today . p. 1.B. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Steve Ryfle. Japan's Favorite Mon-Star . ECW Press, 1998. 275. ^ (#cite_ref-4) "When Charles Barkley dunked on Godzilla in 1992 Nike commercial" (https://www.nbcsports.com/philadelphia/76ers/charles-barkley-verse-godzilla-1992-nike-commercial-air-max) . NBC Sports Philadelphia. March 19, 2020 . Retrieved July 26, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) " (http://www.chedd-angier.com/frontiers/season3.html) "Lights, Camera, Magic!", on season 3, episode 1" (http://www.chedd-angier.com/frontiers/season3.html) . Scientific American Frontiers (/wiki/Scientific_American_Frontiers) . Chedd-Angier Production Company. 1992–1993. PBS (/wiki/PBS) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20060101000000/http://www.pbs.org/saf/transcripts/transcript301.htm) from the original on 2006-01-01. Aired October 14, 1992 ( video (http://vsx.onstreammedia.com/vsx/pbssaf/search/PBSPlayer?assetId=68746) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20110807172637/http://vsx.onstreammedia.com/vsx/pbssaf/search/PBSPlayer?assetId=68746) 2011-08-07 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , transcript (https://www.pbs.org/saf/transcripts/transcript301.htm#6) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150825013308/http://www.pbs.org/saf/transcripts/transcript301.htm#6) 2015-08-25 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ). ^ a b David Kalat. A Critical History and Filmography of Toho's Godzilla Series . McFarland, 2007. 207. ^ (#cite_ref-7) Tom Kenny. Godzilla vs. Barkley in 3-D Sound . Mix Magazine, November 1992. ^ (#cite_ref-8) Paul Gravett and Peter Stanbury. Holy Sh*t! The World's Weirdest Comic Books . St. Martin's Press, 2008. 104. Bibliography [ edit ] "Top Spot". Shoot . September 11, 1992. 18. Tom Kenny. " Godzilla vs. Barkley in 3-D Sound (http://www.focusedaudiovideo.com/articles/clipMIX_9211_Godzilla.html) ". Mix . November 1992. External links [ edit ] Godzilla vs. Charles Barkley at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) v t e Godzilla (/wiki/Godzilla_(franchise)) Films Japanese Shōwa era Godzilla (/wiki/Godzilla_(1954_film)) (1954) Godzilla Raids Again (/wiki/Godzilla_Raids_Again) (1955) King Kong vs. Godzilla (/wiki/King_Kong_vs._Godzilla) (1962) Mothra vs. Godzilla (/wiki/Mothra_vs._Godzilla) (1964) Ghidorah, the Three-Headed Monster (/wiki/Ghidorah,_the_Three-Headed_Monster) (1964) Invasion of Astro-Monster (/wiki/Invasion_of_Astro-Monster) (1965) Ebirah, Horror of the Deep (/wiki/Ebirah,_Horror_of_the_Deep) (1966) Son of Godzilla (/wiki/Son_of_Godzilla) (1967) Destroy All Monsters (/wiki/Destroy_All_Monsters) (1968) All Monsters Attack (/wiki/All_Monsters_Attack) (1969) Godzilla vs. Hedorah (/wiki/Godzilla_vs._Hedorah) (1971) Godzilla vs. Gigan (/wiki/Godzilla_vs._Gigan) (1972) Godzilla vs. Megalon (/wiki/Godzilla_vs._Megalon) (1973) Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla (/wiki/Godzilla_vs._Mechagodzilla) (1974) Terror of Mechagodzilla (/wiki/Terror_of_Mechagodzilla) (1975) Heisei era The Return of Godzilla (/wiki/The_Return_of_Godzilla) (1984) Godzilla vs. Biollante (/wiki/Godzilla_vs._Biollante) (1989) Godzilla vs. King Ghidorah (/wiki/Godzilla_vs._King_Ghidorah) (1991) Godzilla vs. Mothra (/wiki/Godzilla_vs._Mothra) (1992) Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla II (/wiki/Godzilla_vs._Mechagodzilla_II) (1993) Godzilla vs. SpaceGodzilla (/wiki/Godzilla_vs._SpaceGodzilla) (1994) Godzilla vs. Destoroyah (/wiki/Godzilla_vs._Destoroyah) (1995) Millennium era Godzilla 2000 (/wiki/Godzilla_2000) (1999) Godzilla vs. Megaguirus (/wiki/Godzilla_vs._Megaguirus) (2000) Godzilla, Mothra and King Ghidorah: Giant Monsters All-Out Attack (/wiki/Godzilla,_Mothra_and_King_Ghidorah:_Giant_Monsters_All-Out_Attack) (2001) Godzilla Against Mechagodzilla (/wiki/Godzilla_Against_Mechagodzilla) (2002) Tokyo S.O.S. (/wiki/Godzilla:_Tokyo_S.O.S.) (2003) Final Wars (/wiki/Godzilla:_Final_Wars) (2004) Reiwa era Live-action Shin Godzilla (/wiki/Shin_Godzilla) (2016) Godzilla Minus One (/wiki/Godzilla_Minus_One) (2023) Animated Planet of the Monsters (/wiki/Godzilla:_Planet_of_the_Monsters) (2017) City on the Edge of Battle (/wiki/Godzilla:_City_on_the_Edge_of_Battle) (2018) The Planet Eater (/wiki/Godzilla:_The_Planet_Eater) (2018) American Jewell Enterprises, Inc. Godzilla, King of the Monsters! (/wiki/Godzilla,_King_of_the_Monsters!) 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This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Tunnel_finisher) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Tunnel finisher" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Tunnel+finisher%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Tunnel+finisher%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Tunnel+finisher%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Tunnel+finisher%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Tunnel+finisher%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Tunnel+finisher%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( June 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) A tunnel finisher is a machine (/wiki/Machine) that removes wrinkles (/wiki/Wrinkles) from garments (/wiki/Garments) and is often used in the textile industry (/wiki/Textile_industry) . As with other industrial pressing equipment, this machine is employed to improve the quality and look of a textile product. [1] (#cite_note-1) It has a chamber called a "tunnel" and includes a conveyor fed unit through which the garments are steamed and dried. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) The machine also features hook systems; air curtain entrance to eliminate moisture or condensation; cotton care and roller units; exhaust steam, and a preconditioning module. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) Process [ edit ] Most garments are shipped by sea freight (/wiki/Ship_transport) from the country (/wiki/Country) of production (/wiki/Manufacturing) . They get very wrinkled because of the box (/wiki/Box) packing being used. In the receiving country, they are unpacked and put on a clothes hanger (/wiki/Clothes_hanger) . Those hangers are sent via automated (/wiki/Automation) transport through the tunnel with a speed up to 3,000 garments per hour. These garments are then sent to a room to be steamed and dried. [3] (#cite_note-3) The machine processes each garment through several stages. First, the garment passes through a steam chamber to make the fabric (/wiki/Fabric) moldable. Then wrinkles are removed by a strong hot air flow alongside the garments. Finally, the garment is dried by cooler air before it leaves the tunnel finisher. In the case of garments, smaller areas such as collars require further pressing using other equipment such as steam iron (/wiki/Clothes_iron) for a better finish. [4] (#cite_note-4) The tunnel finisher is also used in laundries (/wiki/Laundry) and dry cleaners (/wiki/Dry_cleaner) to remove wrinkles from garments after washing or dry cleaning (/wiki/Dry_cleaning) . Classifications [ edit ] Tunnel finishers can be grouped into two different classifications, "wide body" or "narrow body." "Wide body" machines are designed for high production finishing of blended garments wet-to-dry, damp-to-dry and or dry-to-dry. "Narrow body" machines are designed for shoulder-to-shoulder processing and are best suited for the dry-to-dry finishing of garments. However; they are capable of damp-to-dry finishing at slower production speeds. These units are ideal for dry cleaners, hotel laundries, institutional laundries and other on-premises laundry applications. The smaller capacity version of the tunnel finisher is called "cabinet tunnel" and this typically capable of automated processing of separate batches of 4 or 5 garments at the same time. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) The production capacity for this smaller equipment is 10 percent of the tunnel finisher. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Cresswell, Lesley (2004). Textiles Technology . Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes Ltd. pp. xxii. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0748790195 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Karthik, T.; Ganesan, P.; Gopalakrishnan, D. (2017). Apparel Manufacturing Technology . Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. pp. 204–205. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781498763752 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Clarkson, Carey; March, Jayne; Palmer, Joy (2002). GCSE Textiles Technology for OCR . Oxford: Heinemann Educational Publishers. p. 121. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0435416669 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Down, Jane (1999). Textiles Technology to GCSE . Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 94. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0198328133 . This technology-related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tunnel_finisher&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐kqc5d Cached time: 20240712214212 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.215 seconds Real time usage: 0.276 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 325/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 17526/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 9/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 20178/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.166/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4294842/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 253.416 1 -total 38.37% 97.245 4 Template:Cite_book 33.06% 83.770 1 Template:More_citations_needed 27.14% 68.785 1 Template:Ambox 24.92% 63.150 1 Template:Tech-stub 24.24% 61.422 1 Template:Asbox 4.82% 12.202 1 Template:Find_sources_mainspace Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:13577532-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712214212 and revision id 957694899. 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