Split (1)

train · 9.18k rows

text stringlengths 1.05k 2.98M
Russian fashion designer (born 1979) In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customs (/wiki/Eastern_Slavic_naming_customs) , the patronymic (/wiki/Patronymic) is Viktorovna and the family name (/wiki/Surname) is Sergeenko . Ulyana Sergeenko Born Ulyana Viktorovna Sergeenko ( 1979-08-30 ) 30 August 1979 (age 44) Oskemen (/wiki/Oskemen) , Kazakh SSR (/wiki/Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic) , USSR (/wiki/Soviet_Union) Nationality Russian Label Ulyana Sergeenko Spouse Danil Khachaturov (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87) ( m. 2008; div. 2015) Children 2 Website www (http://www.ulyanasergeenko.com/) .ulyanasergeenko (http://www.ulyanasergeenko.com/) .com (http://www.ulyanasergeenko.com/) Ulyana Viktorovna Sergeenko ( Russian (/wiki/Russian_language) : Ульяна Викторовна Сергеенко ; born 30 August 1979) is a Kazakhstani and Russian fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) . Early life [ edit ] Sergeenko was born into a family of linguists (/wiki/Linguists) in Ust-Kamenogorsk (/wiki/Ust-Kamenogorsk) , Kazakhstan (/wiki/Kazakhstan) , when it was still part of the USSR (/wiki/USSR) . [1] (#cite_note-1) She studied in a specialized humanitarian school in Kazakhstan and then graduated the Faculty of Philology at the St. Petersburg State University (/wiki/St._Petersburg_State_University) . Being always interested in fashion, Sergeenko put her interest to a next level when she decided to collect it, since then building an eclectic collection of antique and vintage clothes and accessories ranging from the rare ancient jewelry to Soviet school uniform. Hunting for the new rarities she frequently visits flea-markets and vintage boutiques as well as bids on a major fashion auctions. Career [ edit ] First Steps [ edit ] Sergeenko became a client of Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_Garavani) , Givenchy (/wiki/Givenchy) , Jean Paul Gaultier (/wiki/Jean_Paul_Gaultier) , Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) , and Dior (/wiki/Dior) . Noted for her style, she was dubbed part of the Russian Mafia by fashion bloggers alongside fellow Russians (/wiki/Russians) Miroslava Duma (/wiki/Miroslava_Duma) , Elena Perminova and Vika Gazinskaya. [2] (#cite_note-2) However Sergeenko grew frustrated when pieces she had collaborated with designers on showed up in their collections with no credit given to her contributions. As a result, Sergeenko launched her eponymous fashion label in 2011 in Russia. [3] (#cite_note-3) Own Label [ edit ] The Ulyana Sergeenko brand was launched in Moscow in April 2011 with a first collection designed for autumn-winter 2011–2012. After the first two collections shown in Moscow (/wiki/Moscow) , the brand has received much media attention as well as buyer's and client's requests from all over the world. By now, the Moscow-based company produces ready-to-wear women's clothes, bags, fine jewellery and headpieces. Besides the retail stock, the Ulyana Sergeenko brand also has an atelier where clients could order made-to-measure versions of the runway items. [4] (#cite_note-4) Sergeenko's first couture collection was warmly received with reviewers noting that her style was a blend of Russian military, literary and fairytale influences. [5] (#cite_note-5) Her debut collection featured clingy knit tops, quilted skirts, floor-sweeping greatcoats, and sable (/wiki/Sable#History_of_fur_use_and_status) . [6] (#cite_note-6) One of the key principles of Sergeenko's work is meticulous attention to details and quality. Much hand-craft - stitching, knitting, embroidery etc. - goes into production of every item. Everything is produced in Moscow under the strict control of the designer herself. All fabrics and trimmings are bought in France (/wiki/France) , Italy (/wiki/Italy) or Japan (/wiki/Japan) and some garments have vintage details specifically picked at antique markets. Craftsmanship and technical knowledge have defined her work from the beginning. Sergeenko collaborates with highly skilled ateliers from Russia (/wiki/Russia) as well as numerous craftsmen from former Soviet republics, helping them to preserve their precious knowledge in the process. Within the last five years, Sergeenko has worked with around seventy different ateliers and craftsmen including lace makers from Yelets (/wiki/Yelets) , Vologda (/wiki/Vologda) and Krestsy. She recently conducted an interview for the fashion magazine Vanity Teen (/wiki/Vanity_Teen) , accentuating her identity with the culture of her country when designing each of their products. [7] (#cite_note-7) Some of her pieces were designed by the using of the Georgian calligraphy (/wiki/Georgian_calligraphy) . [8] (#cite_note-8) Clients [ edit ] Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) appeared in one of her creations in her music video for "Haunted" (/wiki/Haunted_(Beyonc%C3%A9_song)) . [9] (#cite_note-9) Singer Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) , burlesque performer Dita von Teese (/wiki/Dita_von_Teese) , socialite Kim Kardashian (/wiki/Kim_Kardashian) and model Natalia Vodianova (/wiki/Natalia_Vodianova) are also clients. [10] (#cite_note-10) Personal life [ edit ] Sergeenko is divorced from Russian insurance billionaire Danil Khachaturov (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%AD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87) , general director and co-owner of Rosgosstrakh (/wiki/Rosgosstrakh) . She has 2 children: son Alexander (from a previous relationship) and daughter Vasilisa (with Khachaturov). Controversy [ edit ] In 2018, Sergeenko's handwritten note to Miroslava Duma (/wiki/Miroslava_Duma) , which said "to my N***as in Paris", caused uproar in the fashion industry because of its content. She apologized, and said that she did not mean to cause offense. [11] (#cite_note-11) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Blasberg, Derek (18 April 2013). "THE RED QUEEN: ULYANA SERGEENKO" (http://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/fashion-articles/ulyana-sergeenko-profile-0513#slide-2) . Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) . Retrieved 8 October 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Pithers, Ellie (6 September 2012). "Who's that girl? Miroslava Duma" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG9523669/Whos-that-girl-Miroslava-Duma.html) . The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) . Retrieved 8 October 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Ulyana Sergeenko" (http://www.businessoffashion.com/ulyana-sergeenko) . The Business of Fashion . Retrieved 8 October 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Ulyana Sergeenko" (http://www.ulyanasergeenko.com) . ulyanasergeenko.com . Retrieved 28 February 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Wilson, Eric (29 June 2012). "The Czarinas Are Back" (https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/01/fashion/the-russians-claim-the-fashion-spotlight.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . Retrieved 8 October 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Nelson, Karin (1 October 2012). "J'adore: Ulyana Sergeenko Couturier Ulyana Sergeenko's obsessions" (http://www.wmagazine.com/fashion/2012/10/ulyana-sergeenko-obsessions) . W (/wiki/W_(magazine)) . Retrieved 8 October 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Ulyana Sergeenko: spring-summer 2021 haute couture collection. (https://www.vanityteen.com/ulyana-sergeenko-spring-summer-2021-couture-collection/) Vanity Teen. ^ (#cite_ref-8) 율리아나 세르젠코, 다이스 카약, 이칭 인, 그리고 너무나 이국적인 패션 전시회 (https://www.vogue.co.kr/2015/01/28/율리아나-세르젠코-다이스-카약-이칭-인-그리고-너무/) 2023.02.20 ^ (#cite_ref-9) Newbold, Alice (17 December 2013). "Best designer looks from Beyonce's new videos" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG10522787/Best-designer-looks-from-Beyonces-new-videos.html) . The Daily Telegraph . Retrieved 8 October 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Binkley, Christina (13 August 2014). "Haute Couture From Russia Ulyana Sergeenko, After Grabbing the Fashion World With Her Own Style, Tries Her Own Label" (https://online.wsj.com/articles/haute-couture-from-russia-1407971106) . The Wall Street Journal (/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal) . Retrieved 8 October 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Fisher, Lauren Alexis (23 January 2018). "Designer Ulyana Sergeenko Faces Backlash After Using Racial Slur During Couture Week" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/designers/a15854264/ulyana-sergeenko-miroslava-duma-racist-note/) . Harper's Bazaar . Retrieved 1 July 2018 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐msvgk Cached time: 20240719235217 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.487 seconds Real time usage: 0.616 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2572/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 27211/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4823/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 19/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 36492/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.335/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 21574422/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 591.328 1 -total 32.84% 194.201 1 Template:Infobox_fashion_designer 28.84% 170.521 1 Template:Reflist 19.64% 116.136 3 Template:Cite_magazine 16.75% 99.023 1 Template:Lang-ru 13.61% 80.457 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 11.59% 68.515 1 Template:Short_description 9.75% 57.680 1 Template:Marriage 6.60% 39.045 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 6.49% 38.385 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:44058944-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719235217 and revision id 1225307180. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ulyana_Sergeenko&oldid=1225307180 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ulyana_Sergeenko&oldid=1225307180) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1979 births (/wiki/Category:1979_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) People from Oskemen (/wiki/Category:People_from_Oskemen) Russian women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Russian_women_fashion_designers) Saint Petersburg State University alumni (/wiki/Category:Saint_Petersburg_State_University_alumni) Immigrants to Russia (/wiki/Category:Immigrants_to_Russia) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from June 2020 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_June_2020) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles containing Russian-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Russian-language_text)
Dress code of Taoist devotees and practitioners Daojiao fushi Chinese name Traditional Chinese (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters) 道教服飾 Simplified Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) 道教服饰 Transcriptions Standard Mandarin (/wiki/Standard_Chinese) Hanyu Pinyin (/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin) Dàojiàofúshì English name English Taoist clothing/ Taoist costumes/ Costume of Taoism Daojiao fushi ( simplified Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 道教服饰 ; traditional Chinese (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters) : 道教服飾 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : Dàojiàofúshì ), also known as Taoist clothing , are religious clothing and adornment worn by devotees and practitioners of Taoism (/wiki/Taoism) , an indigenous (/wiki/Indigenous_peoples) religion and life philosophy in China (/wiki/China) . [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) [2] (#cite_note-:3-2) Chinese culture (/wiki/Chinese_culture) attaches great importance to "cap and gown" ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 冠服 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : guānfú ) are seen as important signs of levels of etiquettes; it is also a visible marker of the Taoist identity. [3] (#cite_note-:5-3) : 233 Taoist ritual garments (sometimes referred as daoyi ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 道衣 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : dàoyī ; lit. 'Taoist clothing') are forms of ritual clothing ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 冠服 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : guānfú ). [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) : 455 These clothing worn by the Taoist priests (called Daoshi (/wiki/Daoshi) ) are inherited from the Han Chinese traditional clothing (/wiki/Hanfu) and holds clear Taoist cultural meaning. [5] (#cite_note-:6-5) [6] (#cite_note-:7-6) : 222 When performing rituals and important rituals, Taoist priests wear ceremonial attires which appear to be aligned with elements of Chinese cosmology (/wiki/Chinese_mythology) ; these ceremonial attires are therefore strong spiritual intermediaries acting on the part of the Taoist devotees community. [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) [2] (#cite_note-:3-2) Different forms of clothing will be worn by Taoist priests in accordance to ritual types and obvious distinctions are found in the attire of Taoist priests based on their different positions to the altar. [5] (#cite_note-:6-5) There were also codes which would stipulate the appropriate Taoist attire to be worn during both ritual performance and when being off duty. [3] (#cite_note-:5-3) : 233 Cultural significance [ edit ] Taoist clothing are visible markers of the Taoist identity. [3] (#cite_note-:5-3) : 233 The Taoist ritual clothing not only inherit from Han Chinese's (/wiki/Han_Chinese) Hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) but also show clear Taoist cultural meaning. [5] (#cite_note-:6-5) [6] (#cite_note-:7-6) : 222 The arts found on the clothing are deeply influenced by Chinese culture. [7] (#cite_note-:14-7) They are also typically decorated with designs which reflect traditional Taoist cosmology including Taoist pantheon (/wiki/Chinese_gods_and_immortals) (e.g. Yudi (/wiki/Jade_Emperor) , the Sanqing (/wiki/Three_Pure_Ones) , Yuanshi Tianzun (/wiki/Yuanshi_Tianzun) , Lingbao Tianzun (/wiki/Lingbao_Tianzun) , Daode Tianzun (/wiki/Daode_Tianzun) who is the deified Laozi (/wiki/Laozi) [8] (#cite_note-:13-8) : 197 ), the Eight Immortals (/wiki/Eight_Immortals) : the Eight Trigrams (/wiki/Bagua) , the Twenty-eight Lunar Mansions (/wiki/Twenty-Eight_Mansions) and the 12 animals of the Chinese zodiac (/wiki/Chinese_zodiac) . [8] (#cite_note-:13-8) : 195 [note 1] (#cite_note-9) They can also be decorated with animals which are related to Chinese mythology (/wiki/Chinese_mythology) , legends and stories, such as the crane bird (/wiki/Crane_in_Chinese_mythology) which represents transcendence. [8] (#cite_note-:13-8) : 195 [7] (#cite_note-:14-7) They can also be decorated with auspicious symbols, such as dragons (/wiki/Chinese_dragon) , butterflies, bats, clouds. [8] (#cite_note-:13-8) : 197 [7] (#cite_note-:14-7) History [ edit ] This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Daojiao_fushi&action=edit&section=) . ( May 2022 ) Ancient [ edit ] An explanation to the origins of Taoist ritual clothing ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 道衣 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : dàoyī ; lit. 'Taoist clothing') might be they are derived from robes worn by zhouyi ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 咒醫 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : zhòuyī ; i.e. ritual healers) and fangshi (/wiki/Fangshi) in ancient China as their clothing were embroidered with patterns of flowing pneuma which are similar to clouds, depictions of the celestial real and the underworld. [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) : 455–456 Another hypothesis is that the Taoist ritual clothing was markers of various ranks of priestly attainments similar to the formal clothing system used in ancient China to identify the members of the nobility and the senior bureaucracy. [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) : 456 According to the Taoist tradition, the ritual clothing originated since the era of Yellow Emperor (/wiki/Yellow_Emperor) ; according to the legend, one day the Yellow Emperor saw a deity dressed in golden robe adorned with colourful clouds and a golden crown. [6] (#cite_note-:7-6) : 222 To thank the deity for protecting the world, the Yellow Emperor designed the Taoist ritual dress based on the deity and reasoned that these heavenly clothing would be the most appropriate attire to wear when approaching the heavens during prayers. [6] (#cite_note-:7-6) : 222 Therefore, the Daoshi (Taoist priests) (/wiki/Daoshi) wear the attire of the gods. [6] (#cite_note-:7-6) : 222 Northern and Southern dynasties [ edit ] Taoist traditions were systematized during the Six dynasties period (/wiki/Six_Dynasties) . [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) : 456 Early taoist clothing were not fully developed and it is the Northern and Southern dynasties (/wiki/Northern_and_Southern_dynasties) that the preliminary Taoist dress code was formed. [9] (#cite_note-:11-10) Since the Liu Song (/wiki/Liu_Song_dynasty) period during the Southern dynasties (/wiki/Northern_and_Southern_dynasties) , Lu Xiujing (/wiki/Lu_Xiujing) began to reinterpret the doctrine of Taoist's doctrine of adaptation to the social hierarchical system by basing himself on the ancient Chinese crown and dress system and by combining the religious needs, thus developing a new attire system.This system became the earliest systematic dress code of Taoist clothing. [9] (#cite_note-:11-10) In the Lishizhenxiantidaotongjian 《历世真仙体道通鉴》, it is described that "Xiujing's Taoist dress is very beautiful, like the moon and star, like the rainbow and flower" . [9] (#cite_note-:11-10) Since then, the dress code of the Taoist clothing continued to develop until it included different styles, patterns, and colours based on different status and occasions. [9] (#cite_note-:11-10) Many variety of Taoist ritual clothing were also described when Taoist clothing was systematized. [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) : 456 Song dynasty [ edit ] There were many forms of Taoist priest clothing in the Song dynasty. [10] (#cite_note-:8-11) : 21 In the early Southern Song, a style of Taoist priest robe is described as: " the broader silk braid of the Taoist priest robe was seen as more stylish, with the breadth being about three to four cun, and the length more than two zhang, so that that dress made of silk velvet could be wrapped back and forth around the wearer's waist several times ". [10] (#cite_note-:8-11) : 21 Another form of Taoist priest was the Hechang (/wiki/Beizi) (lit. "Crane robe") which was made of twisted and woven feathers; it was a symbolism of immortality and ascendance to the Heaven. [10] (#cite_note-:8-11) : 21 Cheng Dachang from the Southern Song dynasty also observed that "[...] the clothes worn by Taoist priests of the current times are slightly different from the fur coat. The lower parts of the fur coat are crossed and overlapped while those of the Taoist priest robe hang straight down" . [10] (#cite_note-:8-11) : 21 [note 2] (#cite_note-12) In The Current Regression of Diet and Apparel by Shi Shengzu, it was observed that the "apparel system of the three ancient Chinese dynasties could still be found among Taoist priests" . [10] (#cite_note-:8-11) : 22 Daofu ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 道服 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : dàofú ; lit. 'Taoist priest robe') are broad and elegant robes, which were initially worn by Taoist priests (/wiki/Daoshi) . [10] (#cite_note-:8-11) : 21 In the Song dynasty (/wiki/Song_dynasty) , the daofu was very popular. [10] (#cite_note-:8-11) : 21 It was greatly appreciated by some hermits and scholars during this period and was mentioned in some poems written by Wang Yucheng (/wiki/Wang_Yucheng) being described as "the silk wadding cap, coarse clothes and black muslin scarf" and Fan Zhongyan (/wiki/Fan_Zhongyan) who described the Taoist priests as dressing themselves sprucely. [10] (#cite_note-:8-11) : 21 Fan Zhongyan also noted that "gentlemen dressed like them [i.e. Taoist priests] might also live and easy and free life". [10] (#cite_note-:8-11) : 21 Some scholars, such Shi Manqing (994–1041), and some officials in retirement also liked to dressed in daofu. [10] (#cite_note-:8-11) : 21 There were many forms of daofu in the ancient China. Qing dynasty [ edit ] See also: Tifayifu (/wiki/Tifayifu) In the Qing dynasty (/wiki/Qing_dynasty) , Taoist priests wore dark blue robes. [11] (#cite_note-13) : 166 Types of Taoist attire [ edit ] Taoist Priests in White Cloud Temple Beijing Qing dynasty, between 1890 and 1910 The traditional clothing worn by the Taoist community is connected to pre-modern Chinese clothing and styles. [12] (#cite_note-:32-14) Nowadays, tradition-based taoists will often wear the traditional robes and liturgical clothing for formal religious and ritual occasions; while Zhengyi (/wiki/Zhengyi_Dao) priests and taoists priests outside mainland China tend to wear Western clothing (/wiki/Western_wear) in their daily lives. [12] (#cite_note-:32-14) The traditional taoist robes can also be worn as a daily lives clothing by the Quanzhen (/wiki/Quanzhen_School) monastics in mainland China. [12] (#cite_note-:32-14) Garment [ edit ] Main article: Daopao (/wiki/Daopao) Taoist priests commonly wear two types of clothing: daopao and jiangyi; these two forms of attire are often decorated with cosmic symbolism in their upper and central back section and often includes elements such as, the sun and moon, mountains and water, etc. [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) Daofu [ edit ] In the Ming dynasty (/wiki/Ming_dynasty) , the daofu is a wide-sleeved, crossed-collar robe which closes to the right and has dark edging at the edges of the collar, sleeves, and placket. [13] (#cite_note-:9-15) In the collar edge, a collar protector known as huling ( simplified Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 护领 ; traditional Chinese (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters) : 護領 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : hù lǐng ; lit. 'protective collar') is sometimes inserted. [13] (#cite_note-:9-15) The Ming daofu is similar to the daopao, except for the addition of edges decoration on the robe. [13] (#cite_note-:9-15) Belts like dadai (大带) and sitao (丝绦; i.e. a ribbon or a thin rope made of silk) is also used around the waist when wearing the daofu. [13] (#cite_note-:9-15) A daofu with a dadai belt worn around the waist, Ming dynasty portrait. A daofu with a huling sewn onto the collar and dadai worn around the waist, Ming dynasty portrait. Daopao/ hechang [ edit ] Some forms of taoist robes are also referred as crane robes (/wiki/Beizi) (hechang, 鶴氅). [14] (#cite_note-:42-16) This form of Taoist priests' daopao is not cross collared and instead looks like a beizi (/wiki/Beizi) in terms of construction and design; a clothing artefact showing this style of daopao is now stored in museums such as the Rhode Island School of Design Museum (/wiki/Rhode_Island_School_of_Design_Museum) . [15] (#cite_note-:10-17) Daopao in the form of hechang has been recorded since the Northern Song dynasty (/wiki/Northern_Song_(960%E2%80%931127)) . [7] (#cite_note-:14-7) Jin dynasty (/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(1115%E2%80%931234)) unearthed artefacts of daopao in the form of hechang have been excavated from a late 12th century tomb of a Taoist named Yan Deyuan, near Datong in Shanxi province; these robes are decorated with cranes (/wiki/Crane_in_Chinese_mythology) , which are associated with the Taoist idea of transcendence (/wiki/Transcendence_(religion)) since at least the Han dynasty and possibly prior to the Han dynasty. [8] (#cite_note-:13-8) : 195 [7] (#cite_note-:14-7) The Taoist's priest daopao are commonly worn by the Taoism priests. [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) It is worn by middle-ranks Taoist priests; it is red in colour and has motifs at the back and front, on the sleeves. [15] (#cite_note-:10-17) [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) : 457 Theses motifs decorations can include, the bagua (/wiki/Bagua) and cranes. [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) : 457 A taoist priest wearing a modern-day taoist's daopao (depicted as a red overcoat), 2017. Wang Changyue, Qing dynasty. Taoist Priest in Macau, 2006. Jiangyi [ edit ] Jiangyi ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 絳衣 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : jiàngyī ), also known as "robe of descent" which refers to either the descent of a priest from the altar or of the spirits to the altar, is a common form of Taoist priest's clothing. [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) The jiangyi is a sign of the higher priestly rank and is worn by grandmasters. [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) [15] (#cite_note-:10-17) It was worn at least since the Jin dynasty (/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(1115%E2%80%931234)) with unearthed artefacts having been excavated from a late 12th century tomb of a Taoist named Yan Deyuan, near Datong in Shanxi province. [8] (#cite_note-:13-8) : 195 It looks similar to a poncho (/wiki/Poncho) in structure; [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) when worn, the robes sits squarely on the shoulders of the Taoist' priest; it is usually fastened across the front with 2 silk ties which are sewn just above the waist level. [16] (#cite_note-:15-18) It is made of embroidered silks and is composed of a large square of satin fabric folded into two to form the shoulder line; the shoulder lines continues to the hem of the sleeves. [16] (#cite_note-:15-18) The robe is slashed in the middle to form the collar of the robe. [16] (#cite_note-:15-18) It is typically trimmed with border decorations. [16] (#cite_note-:15-18) Common motifs on the jiangyi include: the sun, moon, Three Heavens, Sacred (Golden) Tower and Flying cranes; Stars and Constellations; Wu yue (True forms of the Five Sacred Peaks); Mountain Peaks and Cosmic waters. [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) The square fabric shape symbolizes the concept of the earth, which is square in Chinese cosmology. [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) When the priests opened his arms, the square silhouette of the jiangyi becomes fully visible and the motifs which typically the heaves became visible; therefore, by wearing the jiangyi, the daoshi embodies the conjunction of heaven and earth. [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) Jiangyi are often found in the five symbolic colours (/wiki/Color_in_Chinese_culture) of the universe (i.e. black, red, green, yellow or white). [17] (#cite_note-19) Zhengyi taoist priest wearing jiangyi, Ming Dynasty. Ming/Qing jiangyi, 16th century Daoist priest's robe (jiangyi), China, Qing dynasty, late 18th to early 19th century AD/ Daoist Priest's Robe (jiangyi), late 18th–early 19th century Daoist Priest's Robe (jiangyi), 19th century Daoist priest's robe (jiangyi), China, 20th century. A priest's robe, China, 20th century Illustration of a man wearing daoyi (道衣) and Taoist fly-whisk (/wiki/Fly-whisk) from Gujin Tushu Jicheng (/wiki/Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng) , between 1700 and 1725. Daoyi [ edit ] The Quanzhen (/wiki/Quanzhen_School) monastic taoist priests and nuns wear a wide-sleeved, cross-collared gown called daoyi (道衣; lit. "robe of the Dao") which closes to the right; it is a standard type of clothing. [12] (#cite_note-:32-14) The sleeves of the daoyi is referred as "cloud sleeves"; they are wide, open at the ends, and their sleeves are so long that it is past the fingers when extended but can be even longer. [12] (#cite_note-:32-14) In the Quanzhen order, the dagua is worn as one of the ordinary clothing while the deluo is a formal clothing. [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) : 457 Deluo [ edit ] A modern-day Taoist. The deluo (得罗) is a cross-collared gown with large sleeves. [18] (#cite_note-:12-20) It is worn by Taoist priests of the Quanzhen order (/wiki/Quanzhen_School) is a formal ritual dress which is indigo in colour. [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) : 457 The blue colour is a symbolism for the east and represents having been descended from the first patriarch of the Quanzhen school (/wiki/Quanzhen_School) , Donghua dijun (/w/index.php?title=Donghua_dijun&action=edit&redlink=1) . [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) : 457 In large temples (e.g. Baiyunguan in Beijing), the deluo would be worn by monastics on festival days; the deluo would have wide sleeves which could reach 45 cm. [19] (#cite_note-:2-21) Daogua [ edit ] In the Wengong temple in Hanzhong (/wiki/Hanzhong) , the cross-collar daopao is the standard form of attire and is referred as daogua ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 道褂 ; lit. 'Taoist robe or jacket' depending on context). [19] (#cite_note-:2-21) Their daopao is cross-collared at the front, and the sleeves are so long that only the fingers can escape from the sleeves. [19] (#cite_note-:2-21) It is made of thick garments and is blue or black in colour. [19] (#cite_note-:2-21) The daogua can be found in 3 types: dagua ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 大褂 ; lit. 'great gown'; a long cross-collar robe which reaches the ankles and has a 42 cm wide sleeves), zhonggua (中褂; a cross-collar robe which reaches the mid-calf and has slightly narrower sleeves than the dagua), and xiaogua (小褂; a cross-collar robe which reaches the hip and has sleeves which could either be the same size or narrower than a zhongua; the xiaogua is more similar to a jacket than a robe). [19] (#cite_note-:2-21) Patchwork robes [ edit ] See also: Shuitianyi (/wiki/Shuitianyi) Patchwork robes is a form of ritual dress; it is made of various pieces of old clothing sewn together are worn by the Taoist priests of the Quanzhen school of Hong Kong. [5] (#cite_note-:6-5) Headwear and headdress [ edit ] List of headwear and headdress Name Description Cihang cap Cihang cap is the High Taoist priest's headdress of the Quanzhen school (/wiki/Quanzhen_School) of Hong Kong (/wiki/Hong_Kong) which is worn exclusively for rituals such as The Anterior Heaven Ritual for Feeding, Saving and Refining Ghosts . [5] (#cite_note-:6-5) When the High Taoist priest acts as the gods’ proxy and expounds Taoist scriptures and practice, he would have the “Five-emperor” lotus petal-shaped headdress tied to the front of his cap. The five lotus petals are embroidered with images of the Five Emperors of the Five Directions. [5] (#cite_note-:6-5) Haoranjin It looks like a long hood. it is made of cotton and protects its wearer from the wind and the cold. [18] (#cite_note-:12-20) Heye Jin (荷叶巾, lotus leaf headscarf) It is similar to the zhuangzijin (庄子巾) in shape but has ruffles likes a lotus leaf, thus gaining its name. [18] (#cite_note-:12-20) Huyuan hat (混元巾)/ guanJin (冠巾) It is a round, hard-shelled hat with holes in the top of the hat to reveal the hair bun. The upper back is slightly raised to symbolize transcendence. It is the most formal headscarf in Taoism. [18] (#cite_note-:12-20) Jiuliang Jin (九梁巾, lit. "nine-fold scarf")/ chunyangjin (纯阳巾), [18] (#cite_note-:12-20) It is a form of headwear worn by Zhenyi priests. [6] (#cite_note-:7-6) : 222 It is a hat with 9 slits in the front of the hat which grows like the ridge of a roof. The number 9 is the largest number in Taoist and represents the "Heavens above"; therefore wearing it represents the unity of heaven and man. [18] (#cite_note-:12-20) Sun hat They are worn by Taoist priests who work under the hot sun in summer; some Taoist monks wear it to differentiate themselves from other members of the society by hollowing the top of the hat to make their hair visible or by painting the brim of their hats with Taoist patterns, such as the Bagua (/wiki/Bagua) and Taiji (/wiki/Taiji_(philosophy)) , or they would write name of the Taoist temple where they lived. [18] (#cite_note-:12-20) Xiaoyao Jin (逍遥巾) A square (or round) headscarf; it is wrapped in a hair bun and tied with two long headbands. It is liked by the young Taoist priest. [18] (#cite_note-:12-20) Yizijin (一字巾) A type of hairband. [18] (#cite_note-:12-20) Zhuangzijin (庄子巾)/ Chonghe scarf/ Nanhua scarf It is worn by the Taoist priests from Quanzhen school (/wiki/Quanzhen_School) of Hong Kong. The bottom of the scarf is square-shaped while the upper part is triangular in shape like a roof. There is a jade on the front region of the scarf which can help to adjust the scarf wearing in proper direction. [5] (#cite_note-:6-5) Shoes [ edit ] Cloud shoes are the shoes worn by the high Taoist priests only. [5] (#cite_note-:6-5) The name of the shoes come from the cloud embroidery patterns fond on the shoes. [5] (#cite_note-:6-5) These shoes are bright red. [5] (#cite_note-:6-5) See also [ edit ] Hanfu (/wiki/Han_Chinese_clothing) List of Hanfu (/wiki/List_of_Han_Chinese_clothing) Taoism (/wiki/Taoism) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-9) Depictions of the Taoist pantheon, Eight Immortals, Eight trigrams, the Twenty-eight Lunar Mansions and the 12 animals of the Chinese zodiac were characteristics designs of the Ming and Qing dynasties. ^ (#cite_ref-12) Cheng Dachang also described the "fur coat" as having an inclined collar and being crossed lapels which is similar to the long beizi (/wiki/Beizi) found in his time (i.e. in Southern Song), the fur coat is however different from the beizi as the back and front of the fur coat are connected under the armpits while the beizi are unconnected. References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j "From the Land of the Immortals \| RISD Museum" (https://risdmuseum.org/exhibitions-events/exhibitions/land-immortals) . risdmuseum.org . Retrieved 2022-05-14 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Daoist Priest's Robe" (https://www.museum.ie/en-IE/Collections-Research/Collection/Albert-Bender-Collection/Artefact/Daoist-Priest%E2%80%99s-Robe/7df2101f-6b94-45e1-a225-eab1b08872ae) . National Museum of Ireland . Retrieved 2022-05-14 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Kleeman, Terry F. (2016). Celestial masters : history and ritual in early daoist communities (1 [edition] ed.). Cambridge, MA. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-68417-086-9 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1048106162 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1048106162) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j The encyclopedia of taoism . Fabrizio Pregadio. Richmond: Curzon. 2002. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-135-79634-1 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 810277082 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/810277082) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: others ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) ) ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j "Clothing \| Hong Kong Quanzhen Temples Taoist Ritual Music" (https://www.daoistmusichk.org/en/taoist-ritual-music/clothing) . www.daoistmusichk.org . Retrieved 2022-05-14 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Gwynne, Paul (2017). World religions in practice : a comparative introduction (Second ed.). Hoboken, NJ. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-118-97227-4 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 972639879 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/972639879) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ Jump up to: a b c d e " (https://inf.news/en/culture/754104ed3f956f3ec0dced3dd359d4f7.html) "Bo Xue Yuan" Millennium Crane Cloak Xijing Hua Chang" (https://inf.news/en/culture/754104ed3f956f3ec0dced3dd359d4f7.html) . iNews . 2022. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Little, Stephen (2000). Taoism and the arts of China . Shawn Eichman (1st ed.). Chicago: Art Institute of Chicago. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-520-22784-0 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 44117921 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44117921) . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Zheng, Xiao Hong; Fang, Ping (2019). "Enlightenment of Cyan Use in Taoist Costumes on Modern Fashion Design" (https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jcsaj/43/3+/43_75/_article) . Journal of the Color Science Association of Japan . 43 (3+): 75. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.15048/jcsaj.43.3__75 (https://doi.org/10.15048%2Fjcsaj.43.3__75) . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Zhu, Ruixi; 朱瑞熙 (2016). A social history of middle-period China : the Song, Liao, Western Xia and Jin dynasties . Bangwei Zhang, Fusheng Liu, Chongbang Cai, Zengyu Wang, Peter Ditmanson, Bang Qian Zhu (Updated ed.). Cambridge, United Kingdom. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-107-16786-5 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 953576345 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/953576345) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ (#cite_ref-13) Forêt, Philippe (2000). Mapping Chengde : the Qing landscape enterprise . Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-585-48192-X . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 53897371 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53897371) . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Komjathy, Louis (2013). The Daoist tradition : an introduction . London. p. 290. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4411-1669-7 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 819275585 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/819275585) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Chinese Traditional Costume - Ming Style Daofu for Male" (https://www.newhanfu.com/7096.html) . www.newhanfu.com . 22 October 2020 . Retrieved 2021-08-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-:42_16-0) Zhuo, Xinping (2018). Religious faith of the Chinese . Singapore. p. 44. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-981-10-6379-4 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1017489156 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1017489156) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ Jump up to: a b c "Daopao (Taoist priest's robe) \| RISD Museum" (https://risdmuseum.org/art-design/collection/daopao-taoist-priests-robe-19900823) . risdmuseum.org . Retrieved 2021-04-05 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Museum, Victoria and Albert. "Daoist Robe \| Unknown \| V&A Explore The Collections" (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O73556/) . Victoria and Albert Museum: Explore the Collections . Retrieved 2022-05-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Daoist priest's robe (jiangyi), China ^ Minneapolis Institute of Art" (http://collections.artsmia.org/art/16945/daoist-priests-robe-china) . collections.artsmia.org . Retrieved 2022-05-14 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i "What is Taoist Clothing? - 2021" (https://www.newhanfu.com/4161.html) . www.newhanfu.com . 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210125015032/https://www.newhanfu.com/4161.html) from the original on 2021-01-25 . Retrieved 2021-04-05 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Herrou, Adeline (2016). A World of Their Own : Daoist Monks and Their Community in Contemporary China . St Petersburg: Three Pines Press. pp. 43–45. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-365-53752-3 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1011219060 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1011219060) . v t e Traditional Han Chinese clothing (/wiki/Hanfu) Characteristics Garment and neckline (list) (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu) Jiaoling youren (/wiki/Garment_collars_in_Hanfu#Cross-collars) Mandarin collar (/wiki/Mandarin_collar) Fastening Pankou (/wiki/Frog_(fastening)) Chinese button knot (/wiki/Chinese_button_knot) Zimukou (/wiki/Frog_(fastening)) Styles Baoyi bodai (/wiki/Paofu#Baoyi_bodai) Shangjian xiafeng (/wiki/Ruqun#Shangjian_xiafeng) Fuyao (/wiki/Fuyao_(fashion)) Hufu (/wiki/Hufu) List of hanfu (/wiki/List_of_hanfu) Textile decoration and craft Diancui (/wiki/Tian-tsui) Chinese knotting (/wiki/Chinese_knotting) Chinese embroidery (/wiki/Chinese_embroidery) Chinese auspicious ornaments in textile and clothing (list) (/wiki/Chinese_auspicious_ornaments_in_textile_and_clothing) Xiangyun (/wiki/Xiangyun_(Auspicious_clouds)) Lishui (sea-waves) (/wiki/Lishui_(sea-waves)) Mandarin square (/wiki/Mandarin_square) Chinese ornamental gold silk (/wiki/Chinese_ornamental_gold_silk) Goldwork (/wiki/Goldwork_(embroidery)) Chinese patchwork (/wiki/Chinese_patchwork) Belief system and social movement Confucianism (/wiki/Confucianism) Taoism (/wiki/Taoism) Wufu (/wiki/Wufu) Wuxing (Chinese philosophy) (/wiki/Wuxing_(Chinese_philosophy)) Yin and Yang (/wiki/Yin_and_Yang) Hanfu movement (/wiki/Hanfu_movement) Sumptuary laws Tifayifu (/wiki/Tifayifu) Related rituals Guan Li (/wiki/Guan_Li) Ji Li (ceremony) (/wiki/Ji_Li_(ceremony)) Garments Set of attire Ruqun (/wiki/Ruqun) Tanling ruqun (/wiki/Tanling_ruqun) Qixiong ruqun (/wiki/Qixiong_ruqun) Qungua (/wiki/Qungua) Xiuhefu (/wiki/Xiuhefu) Mianfu (/wiki/Mianfu) Bianfu (/wiki/Bianfu) Tongtianguanfu (/wiki/Tongtianguanfu) Xuanduan (/wiki/Xuanduan) Diyi (/wiki/Diyi) Zaju chuishao fu (/wiki/Zaju_chuishao_fu) Shanku (/wiki/Shanku) Upper garment Ru (/wiki/Ru_(upper_garment)) Yi (/wiki/Ru_(upper_garment)) Shan (/wiki/Ru_(upper_garment)) Ao (/wiki/Ru_(upper_garment)) Chang'ao (/wiki/Chang%27ao) Baijiayi (/wiki/Baijiayi) Daxiushan (/wiki/Daxiushan) Bijia (/wiki/Bijia) Banbi (/wiki/Banbi) Dahu (/wiki/Dahu_(clothing)) Beizi (/wiki/Beizi) Pifeng (/wiki/Beizi) Hechang (/wiki/Beizi) Shuitianyi (/wiki/Shuitianyi) Yuanlingshan (/wiki/Yuanlingshan) Robe Shenyi (/wiki/Shenyi) Zhiju (/wiki/Shenyi) Quju (/wiki/Shenyi) Paofu (/wiki/Paofu) Daopao (/wiki/Daopao) Zhiduo (/wiki/Zhiduo_(clothing)) Yuanlingpao (/wiki/Yuanlingshan) Fanlingpao (/wiki/Fanlingpao) Panling Lanshan (/wiki/Panling_Lanshan) Longpao (/wiki/Dragon_robe) Mangfu (/wiki/Mangfu) Tieli (/wiki/Terlig) Yesa (/wiki/Yesa_robe) Zhisun (/wiki/Jis%C3%BCn) Feiyufu (/wiki/Feiyufu) Inner and undergarment Dudou (/wiki/Dudou) Hezi (/wiki/Hezi_(clothing)) Moxiong (/wiki/Hezi_(clothing)) Maweiqun (/wiki/Maweiqun) Lower garment Ku (/wiki/Ku_(trousers)) Qun (/wiki/Qun) Baidiequn (/wiki/Baidiequn) Mamianqun (/wiki/Mamianqun) Religious clothing Daojiao fushi Headwear (list) (/wiki/List_of_Hanfu_headwear) Guan (/wiki/Guan_(headwear)) Mianguan (/wiki/Mianguan) Fengguan (/wiki/Fengguan) Futou (/wiki/Futou) Tang official headwear (/wiki/Tang_official_headwear) Song official headwear (/wiki/Song_official_headwear) Mao Humao (/wiki/Humao) Damao (/wiki/Damao_(hat)) Liangmao (/wiki/Liangmao) Weimao (/wiki/Weimao) Jin Fujin (/wiki/Fujin_(headgear)) Wangjin (/wiki/Wangjin) Hairpin Chinese hairpin (/wiki/Chinese_hairpin) Buyao (/wiki/Buyao) Comb Shubi (/wiki/Shubi_(comb)) Veil Honggaitou (/wiki/Honggaitou) Mili (/wiki/Mili_(veil)) Footwear (list) (/wiki/Hanfu_footwear) Xiuhuaxie (/wiki/Xiuhuaxie) Tiger-head shoes (/wiki/Tiger-head_shoes) Lotus shoes (/wiki/Lotus_shoes) Accessories (list) (/wiki/Hanfu_accessories) Head Lingzi (/wiki/Lingzi) Neck Yingluo (/wiki/Yingluo_(ornament)) Yunjian (/wiki/Yunjian) Fangxingquling (/wiki/Tongtianguanfu) Shoulders Pibo (/wiki/Pibo) Xiapei (/wiki/Xiapei) Chest Yajin (/wiki/Yajin) Waist Yaoqun (/wiki/Yaoqun) Lap Bixi (/wiki/Bixi_(clothing)) Ribbons and knots Lào zi (/wiki/L%C3%A0o_zi) Portable Hebao (/wiki/Hebao) Xiangnang (fragrant sachet) (/wiki/Hebao) Hu (ritual baton) (/wiki/Hu_(ritual_baton)) Fu (tally) (/wiki/Fu_(tally)) Yufu (fish tally) (/wiki/Fu_(tally)#Fish_tally/_yufu) Yudai (fish bag) (/wiki/Fu_(tally)#Yudai) Folding fan (/wiki/Hand_fan) Tuanshan (/wiki/Tuanshan) Jewellery Longevity lock (/wiki/Lock_charm) Yupei (/wiki/Yupei) Jinbu (/wiki/Yupei#Jinbu_(禁步)) Influenced clothing Traditional clothing Kimono (/wiki/Kimono) Hanbok (/wiki/Hanbok) Ryusou (/wiki/Ryusou) Vietnamese clothing (/wiki/Vietnamese_clothing) Performance costume Xifu (/wiki/Xifu_(Costume)) Guzhuang (/wiki/Guzhuang_(costume)) Cosmetics Huadian (/wiki/Huadian_(make-up)) List of Hanfu (/wiki/List_of_Hanfu) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐4xvpr Cached time: 20240719203112 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.861 seconds Real time usage: 1.052 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 10956/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 130109/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2885/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 118328/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.500/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 26244585/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 921.964 1 -total 21.91% 202.012 36 Template:Rp 20.77% 191.472 36 Template:R/superscript 19.00% 175.211 1 Template:Infobox_Chinese 12.48% 115.056 6 Template:Navbox 11.80% 108.783 1 Template:Types_of_Han_Chinese_clothing 11.57% 106.671 9 Template:Cite_web 11.28% 103.976 108 Template:R/where 7.44% 68.587 1 Template:Short_description 5.58% 51.472 1 Template:Expand_section Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:70781989-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719203112 and revision id 1201368232. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Daojiao_fushi&oldid=1201368232 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Daojiao_fushi&oldid=1201368232) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Chinese traditional clothing (/wiki/Category:Chinese_traditional_clothing) Religious clothing (/wiki/Category:Religious_clothing) Hidden categories: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) CS1 maint: others (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles containing Chinese-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Chinese-language_text) Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_simplified_Chinese-language_text) Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_traditional_Chinese-language_text) Articles to be expanded from May 2022 (/wiki/Category:Articles_to_be_expanded_from_May_2022) All articles to be expanded (/wiki/Category:All_articles_to_be_expanded) Articles using small message boxes (/wiki/Category:Articles_using_small_message_boxes)
This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Madeline_Weeks) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Madeline_Weeks) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article is an orphan (/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan) , as no other articles link to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=Madeline_Weeks&namespace=0) . Please introduce links (/wiki/Help:Link) to this page from related articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=Madeline+Weeks&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=Madeline+Weeks) ; try the Find link tool (https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=Madeline_Weeks) for suggestions. ( May 2020 ) This biography of a living person (/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons) needs additional citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help by adding reliable sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) . Contentious material (/wiki/Wikipedia:BLPREMOVE) about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced (/wiki/Wikipedia:QUESTIONABLE) must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous (/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel) . Find sources: "Madeline Weeks" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Madeline+Weeks%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Madeline+Weeks%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Madeline+Weeks%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Madeline+Weeks%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Madeline+Weeks%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Madeline+Weeks%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( June 2011 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Madeline Weeks Occupation Fashion editor Employer Conde Nast Publications (/wiki/Conde_Nast_Publications) Title Fashion Director, GQ Magazine (/wiki/GQ_Magazine) Madeline Weeks is a fashion director, [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) stylist and costume designer, once recognized [3] (#cite_note-3) for her editorial and design expertise. Weeks studied Fashion Design at Parsons School of Design (/wiki/Parsons_School_of_Design) and The Fashion Institute of Technology (/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Technology) . She lives and works in New York and Los Angeles. Weeks began her career as a fashion designer, working for Ralph Lauren [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) in design and advertising, a position that included styling advertising campaigns. She went on to work with the designer Zoran, [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) where she managed the company and oversaw design, retail, as well as production and publicity. Later, Weeks created costumes for independent films, designed official pilot and crew uniforms for Michael Eisner's corporate jet, and helped relaunch Coach in 1997. She also created print and broadcast advertising campaigns for brands including Netflix, Adidas, Rolex, Mercedes, Clinique, Tommy Hilfiger and Levis. [ citation needed ] Weeks continues to design and style looks for the Jonas Brothers world tour, photo shoots for Vogue, Vanity Fair and GQ, among others. She has created her own design & consulting business to collaborate with talent in multiple artistic disciplines. She designed the costumes for David Byrne's world tour in 2008, styled music videos, including Mark Ronson's production of the Amy Winehouse hit “Valerie, [5] (#cite_note-5) ” The Foo Fighters, “Shame [6] (#cite_note-6) ”, and styled major television and print advertising campaigns and personal image-making for celebrities like Jerry Seinfeld, Paul Simon and Hannah Gadsby. In 2020, Weeks created a collection of faux fur coats, called First By Madeline, [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) made in Los Angeles. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Madeline Weeks Photostream" (https://www.zimbio.com/photos/Madeline+Weeks/50y8pnkXPmG/John+Varvatos+Spring+Summer+2017+Fashion+Show) . Zimbio . Retrieved 2021-05-04 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Romeyn, Kathryn (2 January 2019). "An Ode to California Calm in the Heart of Downtown Manhattan" (https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/madeline-weeks-nyc-apartment) . Architectural Digest . Retrieved 2021-05-04 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Ecco Domani: And then There Were Five" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/ecco-domani-and-then-there-were-five-550400/) . 3 January 2006. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Madeline Weeks debuts a new eco-friendly collection of faux fur coats" (https://www.vogue.it/moda/article/madeline-weeks-first-eco-friendly-faux-fur-coats) . Vogue Italia (in Italian). 27 January 2021 . Retrieved 2021-05-04 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Mark Ronson Music Videos by Department" (https://imvdb.com/n/mark-ronson/videography-by-dept) . IMVDb . Retrieved 2021-05-04 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Foo Fighters - 'Shame Shame' \| LBBOnline" (https://www.lbbonline.com/work/48805) . www.lbbonline.com . Retrieved 2021-05-04 . This biographical article about a print editor of the United States is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Madeline_Weeks&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐v47n2 Cached time: 20240713192540 Cache expiry: 1571662 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.380 seconds Real time usage: 0.568 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2068/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 52392/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 10920/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 19/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 33901/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.246/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6064596/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 535.936 1 -total 28.95% 155.171 3 Template:Ambox 21.98% 117.786 1 Template:Infobox_person 21.34% 114.383 1 Template:Reflist 20.91% 112.069 1 Template:Multiple_issues 18.00% 96.448 1 Template:Authority_control 17.95% 96.219 6 Template:Cite_web 13.09% 70.175 1 Template:US-editor-stub 12.72% 68.153 1 Template:Asbox 9.14% 48.982 1 Template:Orphan Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:25046393-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713192540 and revision id 1150433797. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Madeline_Weeks&oldid=1150433797 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Madeline_Weeks&oldid=1150433797) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Fashion editors (/wiki/Category:Fashion_editors) American editor stubs (/wiki/Category:American_editor_stubs) Hidden categories: CS1 Italian-language sources (it) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Italian-language_sources_(it)) Orphaned articles from May 2020 (/wiki/Category:Orphaned_articles_from_May_2020) All orphaned articles (/wiki/Category:All_orphaned_articles) BLP articles lacking sources from June 2011 (/wiki/Category:BLP_articles_lacking_sources_from_June_2011) All BLP articles lacking sources (/wiki/Category:All_BLP_articles_lacking_sources) Articles with multiple maintenance issues (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_multiple_maintenance_issues) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from February 2023 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_February_2023) Year of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_(living_people)) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
Spanish actress (born 1986) In this Spanish name (/wiki/Spanish_name) , the first or paternal surname (/wiki/Surname) is Salamanca and the second or maternal family name is Urizar . Amaia Salamanca Born Amaia Salamanca Urízar ( 1986-03-28 ) 28 March 1986 (age 38) Coslada (/wiki/Coslada) , Community of Madrid (/wiki/Community_of_Madrid) , Spain Occupation Actress Height 1.67 m (5 ft 5.75 in) Amaia Salamanca Urízar (born 28 March 1986) is a Spanish actress (/wiki/Actress) , best known for her role as Catalina Marcos in the Spanish version of the Colombian TV series Sin tetas no hay paraíso (/wiki/Sin_tetas_no_hay_para%C3%ADso) and as Alicia Alarcón in series Gran Hotel (/wiki/Gran_Hotel_(TV_series)) . Biography [ edit ] Amaia Salamanca in November 2013 Amaia Salamanca was born in Coslada (/wiki/Coslada) on 28 March 1986. [1] (#cite_note-1) Initially, she was not planning to go into acting, but in her first audition (/wiki/Audition) , for SMS , the television channel (/wiki/Television_channel) TV company LaSexta (/wiki/LaSexta) gave her first acting job. In SMS , she worked with other young film and television actors such as Yon González (/wiki/Yon_Gonz%C3%A1lez) , Aroa Gimeno, Mario Casas (/wiki/Mario_Casas) and María Castro. Besides her work as an actress, Amaia works as a model (/wiki/Model_(person)) for photo shoots (/wiki/Photo_shoot) , video clips and shows. Career [ edit ] She made a theater debut in 2009 with The Marquise of O (/wiki/The_Marquise_of_O) , by Heinrich von Kleist (/wiki/Heinrich_von_Kleist) . [2] (#cite_note-2) In 2010, she played Letizia Ortiz (/wiki/Letizia_Ortiz) in the TV movie Felipe y Letizia . [3] (#cite_note-3) In the media [ edit ] In October 2020, Salamanca became an ambassador for Codorníu (/wiki/Codorn%C3%ADu_Winery) and the protagonist of its new campaign 'Live to celebrate'. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Filmography [ edit ] Television Year Title Role Notes Ref. 2006–07 SMS: Sin Miedo a Soñar (/wiki/SMS,_sin_miedo_a_so%C3%B1ar) Paula [6] (#cite_note-6) 2007 Los hombres de Paco (/wiki/Los_hombres_de_Paco) Cristina Guest. Season 4 [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-bekia-8) 2008–09 Sin tetas no hay paraíso (/wiki/Sin_tetas_no_hay_para%C3%ADso_(Spanish_TV_series)) Catalina Marcos Ruiz [8] (#cite_note-bekia-8) 2009 No estás sola, Sara Sara TV movie [9] (#cite_note-9) 2010 Felipe y Letizia (/w/index.php?title=Felipe_y_Letizia&action=edit&redlink=1) [ es (https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felipe_y_Letizia) ] Letizia Ortiz (/wiki/Letizia_Ortiz) TV movie aired as a two-part miniseries [10] (#cite_note-10) 2011–13 Gran Hotel (/wiki/Gran_Hotel_(TV_series)) Alicia Alarcón [11] (#cite_note-11) 2014–15 Velvet (/wiki/Velvet_(TV_series)) Bárbara de Senillosa [8] (#cite_note-bekia-8) 2016 La embajada (/wiki/La_embajada) Fátima [12] (#cite_note-12) 2017 Velvet Colección (/wiki/Velvet_Colecci%C3%B3n) Bárbara de Senillosa Reprise of role in Velvet [13] (#cite_note-13) 2017 Tiempos de guerra (/wiki/Morocco:_Love_in_Times_of_War) ( Morocco: Love in Times of War ) Julia Ballester [14] (#cite_note-14) 2022–present Todos mienten (/wiki/Todos_mienten) Sofía [15] (#cite_note-15) 2022–23 Bienvenidos a Edén (/wiki/Welcome_to_Eden) ( Welcome to Eden ) Astrid [16] (#cite_note-16) 2022 Dos años y un día (/wiki/Dos_a%C3%B1os_y_un_d%C3%ADa) Verónica [17] (#cite_note-17) Film Year Title Role Notes Ref. 2009 Fuga de cerebros (/wiki/Brain_Drain_(film)) ( Brain Drain ) Natalia [18] (#cite_note-18) 2010 Tensión sexual no resuelta (/w/index.php?title=Tensi%C3%B3n_sexual_no_resuelta&action=edit&redlink=1) [ es (https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensi%C3%B3n_sexual_no_resuelta) ] Rebeca [19] (#cite_note-19) 2011 XP3D (/wiki/Paranormal_Xperience_3D) ( Paranormal Xperience 3D ) Ángela [20] (#cite_note-20) 2012 ¡Atraco! (/wiki/Hold-Up!_(2012_film)) ( Hold-Up! ) Teresa [21] (#cite_note-21) 2016 Nuestros amantes (/wiki/Our_Lovers) ( Our Lovers ) María [22] (#cite_note-22) 2018 Perdida (/wiki/Perdida_(2018_film)) Nadine [8] (#cite_note-bekia-8) 2019 A pesar de todo (/wiki/Despite_Everything) ( Despite Everything ) Sofía [23] (#cite_note-23) Lo dejo cuando quiera (/wiki/I_Can_Quit_Whenever_I_Want_(2019_film)) ( I Can Quit Whenever I Want ) Gloria [24] (#cite_note-24) 2022 La piel del tambor (/wiki/The_Man_from_Rome) ( The Man from Rome ) Macarena Bruner [25] (#cite_note-25) Theatre [ edit ] 2009 The Marquise of O (/wiki/The_Marquise_of_O) (Debut) Accolades [ edit ] Year Award Category Work Result Ref. 2010 19th Actors and Actresses Union Awards (/wiki/19th_Actors_and_Actresses_Union_Awards) Best New Actress Sin tetas no hay paraíso Nominated [26] (#cite_note-26) [27] (#cite_note-27) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Campuzano, Ana (28 March 2015). "Amaia Salamanca, 29 años en 29 imágenes" (https://www.elmundo.es/album/loc/2015/03/28/5514405522601dcf1c8b4572_1.html) . El Mundo (/wiki/El_Mundo_(Spain)) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) " (http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2010/02/02/alicante/1265111118.html) 'La Marquesa de O' llega al Teatro Calderón de Alcoy con Amaia Salamanca" (http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2010/02/02/alicante/1265111118.html) . El Mundo (/wiki/El_Mundo_(Spain)) (in Spanish). Unidad Editorial (/wiki/Unidad_Editorial) Internet, S.L. 3 February 2010 . Retrieved 10 July 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Amaia Salamanca ya es Letizia Ortiz" (http://www.elpais.com/articulo/gente/Amaia/Salamanca/Letizia/Ortiz/elpepugen/20100628elpepuage_3/Tes) . El País (/wiki/El_Pa%C3%ADs) . Madrid: Prisa (/wiki/Prisa) . 28 June 2010 . Retrieved 10 July 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Amaia Salamanca se convierte en embajadora de Codorníu y protagonista de su nueva campaña" (https://www.europapress.es/chance/gente/noticia-amaia-salamanca-convierte-embajadora-codorniu-protagonista-nueva-campana-20201008185024.html) . Europa Press. 2020-10-08 . Retrieved 2020-10-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Amaia Salamanca visita Codorníu en su estreno como nueva embajadora de la marca" (https://www.abc.es/sociedad/abci-amaia-salamanca-visita-codorniu-estreno-como-nueva-embajadora-marca-202010081757_video.html) . abc (in Spanish). 2020-10-08 . Retrieved 2020-10-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Pereira, Azucena (7 July 2017). "¿Qué fue del reparto de 'SMS (Sin Miedo a Soñar)'?" (https://www.formulatv.com/noticias/69509/que-fue-reparto-sms-sin-miedo-a-sonar/) . FormulaTV . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Palao Murcia, Alberto (19 June 2020). "Recuerda a Amaia salamanca en 'Los hombres de Paco' como una de las amigas de Sara" (https://los40.com/los40/2020/06/19/cinetv/1592576615_741122.html) . Los 40 (/wiki/Los_40) . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Catalá, Laura (18 June 2020). "Así ha cambiado Amaia Salamanca: La transformación de la actriz desde sus inicios" (https://www.bekia.es/celebrities/noticias/amaia-salamanca-transformacion-actriz-inicios/) . Bekia . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Amaia Salamanca es una joven maltratada que se arma de valor en 'No estás sola, Sara' (https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/573708/0/amaia/salamanca/maltrato/) " (https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/573708/0/amaia/salamanca/maltrato/) . 20minutos.es (/wiki/20minutos.es) . 25 November 2009. ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Amaia Salamanca se convierte en Letizia Ortiz" (https://www.diariodesevilla.es/television/Amaia-Salamanca-convierte-Letizia-Ortiz_0_382461884.html) . Diario de Sevilla (/wiki/Diario_de_Sevilla) . 29 June 2010. ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Los actores y actrices de 'Gran Hotel', 10 años después" (https://www.20minutos.es/imagenes/cinemania/los-actores-y-actrices-de-gran-hotel-10-anos-despues-4845269/1/) . Cinemanía (/wiki/Cineman%C3%ADa) . 6 October 2021 – via 20minutos.es (/wiki/20minutos.es) . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Moreno, Adriano (6 June 2016). "Amaia Salamanca, de mujer inexperta y reprimida a superviviente en 'La Embajada' (https://cadenaser.com/ser/2016/06/05/television/1465150644_657608.html) " (https://cadenaser.com/ser/2016/06/05/television/1465150644_657608.html) . Cadena SER (/wiki/Cadena_SER) . ^ (#cite_ref-13) " (https://www.formulatv.com/noticias/71083/velvet-coleccion-amaia-salamanca-rueda-spin-off-velvet/) 'Velvet Colección': Amaia Salamanca ya rueda el spin-off de 'Velvet' (https://www.formulatv.com/noticias/71083/velvet-coleccion-amaia-salamanca-rueda-spin-off-velvet/) " (https://www.formulatv.com/noticias/71083/velvet-coleccion-amaia-salamanca-rueda-spin-off-velvet/) . FormulaTV . 23 August 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-14) " (https://vertele.eldiario.es/noticias/Tiempos-guerra-descubre-reparto-oficial_0_1909909000.html) 'Tiempos de guerra' descubre todo su reparto y el logo oficial" (https://vertele.eldiario.es/noticias/Tiempos-guerra-descubre-reparto-oficial_0_1909909000.html) . Vertele! . eldiario.es (/wiki/Eldiario.es) . 7 June 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-15) Aller, María (11 January 2022). " (https://www.fotogramas.es/series-tv-noticias/a38170260/todos-mienten-pau-freixas-trailer-fecha-de-estreno/) 'Todos mienten': así son los personajes de la nueva serie de Pau Freixas" (https://www.fotogramas.es/series-tv-noticias/a38170260/todos-mienten-pau-freixas-trailer-fecha-de-estreno/) . Fotogramas (/wiki/Fotogramas) . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Las claves de 'Bienvenidos a Edén', lo nuevo de Netflix" (https://www.elperiodicodearagon.com/ocio/tv/series/2022/03/30/claves-bienvenidos-eden-nuevo-netflix-64408362.html) . El Periódico de Aragón . 30 March 2022. ^ (#cite_ref-17) "¿Quién es quién en 'Dos años y un día'?: así son los personajes de la nueva serie de Atresplayer Premium" (https://www.elperiodico.com/es/yotele/20220703/quien-personajes-dos-anos-un-dia-atresplayer-premium-valls-13994035) . El Periódico de Catalunya (/wiki/El_Peri%C3%B3dico_de_Catalunya) . 3 July 2022. ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Mario Casas y Amaia Salamanca protagonizan 'Fuga de cerebros' (https://www.europapress.es/tv/noticia-mario-casas-amaia-salamanca-protagonizan-fuga-cerebros-20111207221054.html) " (https://www.europapress.es/tv/noticia-mario-casas-amaia-salamanca-protagonizan-fuga-cerebros-20111207221054.html) . Europa Press (/wiki/Europa_Press_(news_agency)) . 7 December 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-19) "La comedia de enredo 'Tensión sexual no resuelta' se ríe de "las barbaridades" que se pueden llegar a hacer por amor" (https://www.europapress.es/madrid/noticia-comedia-enredo-tension-sexual-no-resuelta-rie-barbaridades-pueden-llegar-hacer-amor-20100317141619.html) . Europa Press (/wiki/Europa_Press_(news_agency)) . 17 October 2010. ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Amaia Salamanca protagoniza 'XP3D', la primera película española de terror en 3D" (https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/1044500/0/amaia/salamanca/xp3d/) . 20minutos.es (/wiki/20minutos.es) . 10 May 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-21) Holland, Jonathan (18 November 2012). "Hold-Up!" (https://variety.com/2012/film/reviews/hold-up-1117948770/) . Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Finaliza el rodaje de "Nuestros Amantes" en el Sobrarbe" (https://cadenaser.com/aragon/finaliza-el-rodaje-de-nuestros-amantes-en-el-sobrarbe-radio-huesca) . Cadena SER . 14 March 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-23) " (https://www.fotogramas.es/noticias-cine/a27316256/a-pesar-de-todo-netflix-entrevistas/) 'A pesar de todo': Blanca Suárez, Amaia Salamanca y Macarena García nos desvelan los secretos de la comedia de Netflix" (https://www.fotogramas.es/noticias-cine/a27316256/a-pesar-de-todo-netflix-entrevistas/) . Fotogramas (/wiki/Fotogramas) . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Úbeda-Portugués, Alberto (9 April 2019). "Los estrenos del 12 de abril. 'Lo dejo cuando quiera' (https://www.aisge.es/los-estrenos-del-12-de-abril-lo-dejo-cuando-quiera) " (https://www.aisge.es/los-estrenos-del-12-de-abril-lo-dejo-cuando-quiera) . AISGE . ^ (#cite_ref-25) " (https://www.fotogramas.es/noticias-cine/a38011293/la-piel-del-tambor-pelicula-amaia-salamanca/) 'La piel del tambor': Amaia Salamanca protagoniza la nueva adaptación de Arturo Pérez Reverte" (https://www.fotogramas.es/noticias-cine/a38011293/la-piel-del-tambor-pelicula-amaia-salamanca/) . Fotogramas (/wiki/Fotogramas) . 20 October 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Premios Unión de Actores: Nominados" (https://www.fotogramas.es/noticias-cine/a382580/premios-union-de-actores-nominados/) . Fotogramas (/wiki/Fotogramas) . 4 February 2010. ^ (#cite_ref-27) "Cultura Los repartos de 'La señora' y 'Gordos', de TVE, arrasan en los premios de la Unión de Actores" (https://www.rtve.es/noticias/20100330/repartos-senora-gordos-tve-arrasan-premios-union-actores/325834.shtml) . rtve (/wiki/Rtve) . 30 March 2010. External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.amaiasalamanca.es/) Salamanca, Amaia (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2319146/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000120193856) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/168986656) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdh6gPDBMgdKJFbtgptrq) National Spain (http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX4697760) France (https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16519425p) BnF data (https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16519425p) Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/1122612893) United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2014105180) Korea (https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC2020Q6568) Netherlands (http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p388637986) Other IdRef (https://www.idref.fr/170314901) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐x2ks5 Cached time: 20240712141015 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.539 seconds Real time usage: 0.747 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3179/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 58574/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2203/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 15/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 104508/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.360/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 9836771/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 687.486 1 -total 30.14% 207.230 1 Template:Reflist 26.16% 179.835 1 Template:Infobox_person 25.04% 172.165 25 Template:Cite_web 14.86% 102.159 1 Template:Authority_control 10.83% 74.429 1 Template:Short_description 8.59% 59.077 1 Template:IMDb_name 7.14% 49.090 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 6.16% 42.358 2 Template:Pagetype 5.43% 37.364 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:25214770-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712141015 and revision id 1229382881. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amaia_Salamanca&oldid=1229382881 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amaia_Salamanca&oldid=1229382881) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1986 births (/wiki/Category:1986_births) People from Salamanca (/wiki/Category:People_from_Salamanca) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Spanish television actresses (/wiki/Category:Spanish_television_actresses) Spanish female models (/wiki/Category:Spanish_female_models) Actresses from the Community of Madrid (/wiki/Category:Actresses_from_the_Community_of_Madrid) Spanish film actresses (/wiki/Category:Spanish_film_actresses) Spanish people of Basque descent (/wiki/Category:Spanish_people_of_Basque_descent) Hidden categories: CS1 Spanish-language sources (es) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles with ISNI identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_ISNI_identifiers) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_WorldCat_Entities_identifiers) Articles with BNE identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNE_identifiers) Articles with BNF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNF_identifiers) Articles with BNFdata identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNFdata_identifiers) Articles with GND identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_GND_identifiers) Articles with LCCN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers) Articles with NLK identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_NLK_identifiers) Articles with NTA identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_NTA_identifiers) Articles with SUDOC identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_SUDOC_identifiers)
Italian fashion journalist (born 1962) Anna Dello Russo Dello Russo in 2019 Born 1962 (age 61–62) Bari, Italy (/wiki/Bari) Occupation(s) Magazine editor and fashion journalist Title Editor-at-Large (/wiki/Editor-at-Large) , Nippon Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) Website annadellorusso (http://annadellorusso.com) .com (http://annadellorusso.com) Anna Dello Russo (born 1962) is an Italian fashion journalist (/wiki/Fashion_journalist) . She is a creative consultant (/wiki/Creative_consultant) and editor-at-large (/wiki/Editor-at-large) for Vogue Japan (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)#Other_editions) . [1] (#cite_note-nyt-1) [2] (#cite_note-david-2) : 141 Early life [ edit ] Dello Russo was born in Bari (/wiki/Bari) in Southern Italy. [3] (#cite_note-3) She has a brother and a sister. Her father, a psychiatrist, and her mother, a naturalist, were supportive of her fashion career. [4] (#cite_note-4) Dello Russo was interested in fashion from a young age and remembers asking her father for "one set of Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) " when she was 12 years old. The set, which included a handbag, scarf, umbrella, tissue holder, wallet and keychain, triggered her obsession of collecting fashion. [5] (#cite_note-5) Dello Russo has been an avid collector of fashion and jewelry since then. She owns two apartments next door to each other; one is her home and the other is her closet. As of 2010, Dello Russo had over 4,000 pairs of shoes. In 1996, Dello Russo was married for a little over a month before getting a divorce. She claims she and her husband separated over her not leaving any space in their closets for his items. [6] (#cite_note-6) Dello Russo studied Italian Literature and Art History at the University of Bari (/wiki/University_of_Bari) before receiving her master's degree in Fashion from Domus Academy (/wiki/Domus_Academy) in Milan (/wiki/Milan) . [7] (#cite_note-7) Dello Russo was then hired by Condé Nast (/wiki/Cond%C3%A9_Nast) for Vogue Italia (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) , where she worked closely under Franca Sozzani (/wiki/Franca_Sozzani) for 18 years. [8] (#cite_note-auto-8) In 2006, she left her position as creative director of L'Uomo Vogue to work as a freelance creative consultant. In 2007, Dello Russo returned to Condé Nast as editor-at-large for Vogue Japan . She started her own fashion blog in 2010. [9] (#cite_note-9) Career [ edit ] Anna Dello Russo has been the subject of many magazine editorials for magazines such as 10 (/wiki/10_Magazine_(British_magazine)) and Interview (/wiki/Interview_(magazine)) . She was the fashion editor for Vogue Italia for 12 years and then spent six years as editor-in-chief of L'Uomo Vogue. Dello Russo has appeared in TV shows, has authored a book, released her own fragrance and accessory line and has collaborated with H&M (/wiki/H%26M) . [8] (#cite_note-auto-8) Her book, AdR: Beyond Fashion , was published by Phaidon (/wiki/Phaidon_Press) in 2018. [10] (#cite_note-10) She has built a large following on both Instagram and Twitter and has made a name for herself in the fashion industry. Dello Russo is known around the world for her flamboyant, colorful and ever-changing style, which she has turned into a unique and successful career in street style. Evolved from British fashion, street style is a type of style that is based on both individualism and current fashion trends. [11] (#cite_note-11) Stylists in the fashion industry often use street style as a way to stand out from or put a twist on the current trends. [ citation needed ] In 2018, Dello Russo began auctioning off her clothes as a way to deal with the grief after the passing of Italian journalist and editor-in-chief of Vogue Italia , Franca Sozzani (/wiki/Franca_Sozzani) . [12] (#cite_note-12) Dello Russo has donated all of the money she made from selling her clothes to the British Fashion Council Education Foundation (/wiki/British_Fashion_Council) . [13] (#cite_note-13) She also auctioned off some of her clothing to give the proceeds to the Swarovski Foundation. [14] (#cite_note-14) Dello Russo is also taking steps to slowly get rid of her internet alter ego and is gradually removing herself from social media. She believes the internet is important and was an early adopter when it first emerged. However, since the passing of her mentors, she has since prioritized herself ahead of her career and will always have the memories from early in her career. [ citation needed ] Anna Dello Russo works as an Italian fashion journalist. Currently Dello Russo is a fashion editor-at-large for Vogue in Japan. Along with her current position at Vogue in Japan, Dello Russo started her own fashion blog and website in 2010. Prior to the job at Vogue, Dello Russo was a fashion editor at Vogue magazine in Milan Italy from 2000–2006. Dello Russo started working in the editorial department of Donna magazine. [ citation needed ] Throughout her career, Anna Dello Russo had many mentors, including Franca Sozzani (/wiki/Franca_Sozzani) and Manuela Pavesi (/w/index.php?title=Manuela_Pavesi&action=edit&redlink=1) . [ citation needed ] She credits the various mentors she had throughout her career with who she is professionally today. When working under Franca Sozzani, Dello Russo said her example and advice allowed no room for mistakes or lowering the bar. [ citation needed ] Dello Russo became the international brand ambassador and scientific director of the Istituto Marangoni's (/wiki/Istituto_Marangoni) Milan campus in 2018. [15] (#cite_note-15) Since starting there, she has launched "Playground". The year-long course allows students to work together on various fashion projects and then present those projects in front of a panel of real designers. The panel includes Marco de Vincenzo, Alessandro Dell'Acqua (/wiki/Alessandro_Dell%27Acqua) , Andrea Incontri and Giuliano Calza. [ citation needed ] Dello Russo, inspired by her own mentors, wanted to create an experience for students that would mirror their future careers in the fashion industry. "Playground" is a workshop-style program that introduces healthy competition and teamwork to students. Dello Russo's course aims to highlight talent and develop discipline in her students because she knows they are the future of fashion. In 2023, Dello Russo launched a capsule collection with premium denim company 7 For All Mankind. [16] (#cite_note-16) Recognition [ edit ] Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) has described Anna dello Russo as "A force to be reckoned with", as well as, "One of the most photographed women in fashion." Anna dello Russo is a well-recognized icon in the fashion industry. [17] (#cite_note-17) In 2010, Dello Russo partnered with YOOX (/wiki/YOOX) T-shirts and printed shirts with 10 different images of her. The shirts were completely sold out on the first day of sale. [18] (#cite_note-amy-18) In 2012, Dello Russo released a new collection of accessories and collaborated with H&M (/wiki/H%26M) . To celebrate her new collection, she partnered with Vimeo (/wiki/Vimeo) and released the song "Fashion Shower". Her lyrics include, "I am the guardian of fashion," and; "You need a fashion shower." [19] (#cite_note-19) In 2013, Dello Russo designed accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) for the Swedish H&M chain. After the death of Sozzani in 2016, Russo marked a turning point in her life by auctioning off her clothes to raise money for charity. Shortly after she released her book "Beyond Fashion." Vogue described the book as "A cabinet of curiosities that captures the essence of Anna dello Russo." [2] (#cite_note-david-2) : 141 In February 2018, she decided to take a stand against fur and donated all her furs to PETA (/wiki/People_for_the_Ethical_Treatment_of_Animals) rather than keep them in a Christie's (/wiki/Christie%27s) auction during Milan Fashion Week (/wiki/Milan_Fashion_Week) . [20] (#cite_note-20) After her contributions to PETA, she donated several of her clothes to be auctioned off for charity. [21] (#cite_note-21) Her contribution raised €147,000 for the Swarovski Foundation's scholarship program. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-nyt_1-0) Elizabeth Paton (10 February 2016). Why Can't Jenny Packham, a Red Carpet Success, Get More Respect? (https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/11/fashion/fashion-week-jenny-packham-oscar-red-carpet-fashion.html?_r=0) . The New York Times . Accessed July 2016. ^ Jump up to: a b David Shaw, Dimitri Koumbis (2014). Fashion Buying: From Trend Forecasting to Shop Floor . London: Bloomsbury. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9782940411689 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782940411689) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "About \| ANNA DELLO RUSSO" (http://www.annadellorusso.com/about/) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Vernon, Polly (12 December 2010). "Anna Dello Russo interview: Fashion gone rogue" (https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/12/anna-della-russo-interview-fashion) – via www.theguardian.com. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Martin, J. J. "Anna Dello Russo: Little Miss Maximalist" (https://www.wmagazine.com/story/anna-dello-russo) . W Magazine . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Vernon, Polly (12 December 2010). "Anna Dello Russo interview: Fashion gone rogue" (https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/12/anna-della-russo-interview-fashion) . The Observer . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0029-7712 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0029-7712) . Retrieved 18 November 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Domus Academy \| Postgraduate design & fashion School in Milan" (https://www.domusacademy.com/) . Domus Academy . ^ Jump up to: a b "Anna dello Russo is part of the BoF 500" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/community/people/anna-dello-russo) . The Business of Fashion . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Eytan, Declan. "Fashion's Most Photographed Woman: Anna Dello Russo" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/declaneytan/2015/02/23/fashions-most-photographed-woman-anna-dello-russo/) . Forbes . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Dello Russo, Anna (2018). Adr Book: Beyond Fashion . Phaidon Press Ltd. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780714875675 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Burlet, Fleur (2 March 2019). "For Anna Dello Russo, Street Style Is a 'Job' (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/anna-dello-russo-book-montaigne-market-streetstyle-job-1203068918/) " (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/anna-dello-russo-book-montaigne-market-streetstyle-job-1203068918/) . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Olsen, Kerry (22 February 2018). "Anna dello Russo, Street-Style Star, Decides to Move On" (https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/22/fashion/anna-dello-russo-christies-milan.html) – via NYTimes.com. ^ (#cite_ref-13) "British Fashion Council – BFC Education Foundation" (https://www.britishfashioncouncil.co.uk/BFC-Initiatives--Support/BFC-Initiatives/Education/BFC-Education-Foundation) . www.britishfashioncouncil.co.uk . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Swarovski Foundation" (http://www.swarovskifoundation.org/) . Swarovski Foundation . ^ (#cite_ref-15) " (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/education/the-reality-of-fashion-is-not-what-students-expect-says-anna-dello-russo) 'The Reality of Fashion Is Not What Students Expect,' says Anna dello Russo" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/education/the-reality-of-fashion-is-not-what-students-expect-says-anna-dello-russo) . The Business of Fashion . 6 May 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-16) Lei, Angela. "7 For All Mankind Taps Anna Dello Russo For New Capsule Collection" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/angelalei/2023/05/19/7-for-all-mankind-taps-anna-dello-russo-for-new-capsule-collection/) . Forbes . Retrieved 20 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Eytan, Declan. "The 12 Women Who Have Changed Italian Fashion" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/declaneytan/2015/02/06/the-12-women-whove-changed-italian-fashion/) . Forbes . ^ (#cite_ref-amy_18-0) Amy Odell (18 June 2010). Anna Dello Russo T-Shirts Sold Out in a Day on Yoox.com (http://nymag.com/daily/fashion/2010/06/anna_dello_russo_tee-shirts_so.html#comments) , New York Magazine . Accessed July 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-19) Turvey, Alex (28 July 2012). "H&M 'Fashion Shower ft Anna Dello Russo' in Fav" (https://vimeo.com/channels/775271/46539422) – via Vimeo. ^ (#cite_ref-20) Sam Rogers, "Anna Dello Russo befreit ihre Garderobe von Pelz – und spendet die Looks der PETA," Vogue (http://www.vogue.de/mode/artikel/anna-dello-russo-trennt-sich-von-pelz) 22 February 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-21) Tang, Vivienne (/wiki/Vivienne_Tang) (6 January 2019). "Annna Dello Russo Talks Fashion Detox" (https://destinationdeluxe.com/anna-dello-russo-travel-yoga-fashion-detox/) . Destination Deluxe . Retrieved 6 January 2019 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Anna Dello Russo (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Anna_Dello_Russo) . Official website (http://www.annadellorusso.com/about) Anna Dello Russo interview: Fashion gone rogue (https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/dec/12/anna-della-russo-interview-fashion) Anna Dello Russo: Little Miss Maximalist (https://www.wmagazine.com/story/anna-dello-russo) Anna dello Russo is part of the BoF 500 (https://www.businessoffashion.com/community/people/anna-dello-russo) Fashion's Most Photographed Woman: Anna Dello Russo (https://www.forbes.com/sites/declaneytan/2015/02/23/fashions-most-photographed-woman-anna-dello-russo/#3cfaf7b1752c) For Anna Dello Russo, Street Style Is a 'Job' (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/anna-dello-russo-book-montaigne-market-streetstyle-job-1203068918/) Anna dello Russo, Street-Style Star, Decides to Move On (https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/22/fashion/anna-dello-russo-christies-milan.html) The Difference Between Anna Dello Russo & 'AdR' (https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2018/09/209872/anna-dello-russo-fashion-street-style-book) H&M and Anna Dello Russo: another creative partnership (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/fashion-blog/2012/oct/08/hm-anna-dello-russo-collaboration) Anna Dello Russo donates her furs to PETA (https://www.vogue.fr/fashion/fashion-news/articles/anna-dello-russo-donates-her-furs-to-peta/60686) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/305230165) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJwMwKVyvrttjFbkGcFqcP) National Spain (http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX5305751) Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/1229579265) United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2014096745) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐g9wh8 Cached time: 20240720165940 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.675 seconds Real time usage: 1.099 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 4821/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 52100/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 6022/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 16/100 Expensive parser function count: 8/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 72401/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.412/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 8374510/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1015.199 1 -total 31.69% 321.726 1 Template:Reflist 18.63% 189.131 1 Template:Infobox_person 13.44% 136.405 1 Template:Short_description 13.17% 133.726 14 Template:Cite_web 13.14% 133.413 1 Template:ISBN 12.34% 125.295 1 Template:Catalog_lookup_link 9.69% 98.377 6 Template:Citation_needed 8.82% 89.529 1 Template:Authority_control 8.63% 87.577 27 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:27851759-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720165940 and revision id 1225312714. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anna_Dello_Russo&oldid=1225312714 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anna_Dello_Russo&oldid=1225312714) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Italian magazine editors (/wiki/Category:Italian_magazine_editors) Italian women editors (/wiki/Category:Italian_women_editors) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Vogue (magazine) people (/wiki/Category:Vogue_(magazine)_people) Fashion editors (/wiki/Category:Fashion_editors) Fashion journalists (/wiki/Category:Fashion_journalists) 1962 births (/wiki/Category:1962_births) Women magazine editors (/wiki/Category:Women_magazine_editors) Italian women journalists (/wiki/Category:Italian_women_journalists) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from August 2023 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_August_2023) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from October 2019 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_October_2019) Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata) Official website not in Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Official_website_not_in_Wikidata) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_WorldCat_Entities_identifiers) Articles with BNE identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNE_identifiers) Articles with GND identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_GND_identifiers) Articles with LCCN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers)
Western Xia fashion Wooden soldier figurine, Western Xia (/wiki/Western_Xia) The founder of the Western Xia dynasty (/wiki/Western_Xia) of China (1038–1227), Li Yuanhao (/wiki/Emperor_Jingzong_of_Western_Xia) (Emperor Jingzong), established an apparel system for all civil and military officials characterized by Tangut (/wiki/Tangut_people) culture. [1] (#cite_note-:71-1) [2] (#cite_note-:39-2) Han (/wiki/Han_Chinese) -style and Tangut-style clothing were distinguished from each other, but both were used in the Western Xia. [1] (#cite_note-:71-1) The Emperor Jingzong also ordered that all subjects of the Western Xia must be shaved in an attempt to restore old Xianbei (/wiki/Xianbei) customs, and disobedience would result in death penalty. [2] (#cite_note-:39-2) Clothing of Emperors [ edit ] See also: Dragon robe (/wiki/Dragon_robe) The emperor of Western Xia wore round-collar gown with dragons roundels, high hats, and wore a belt over their gown. [2] (#cite_note-:39-2) Clothing of government officials [ edit ] See also: Hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) According to the Old Book of Tang (/wiki/Old_Book_of_Tang) , prior to the establishment of the Western Xia, Tangut people wore clothing in materials which was similar to those worn by the Steppe nomads, "Men and women wore coarse cloth ( Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 褐 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : he ) and draped felt [about their shoulders]". [1] (#cite_note-:71-1) The clothing of the steppe that were used by the Khitan, Jurchen, Tanguts and the Mongols were made of felt, leather, and furs; materials which would be suitable for the climate of the steppe and provide protection against the low temperatures and high winds. [1] (#cite_note-:71-1) Emperor Jingzong (/wiki/Emperor_Jingzong_of_Western_Xia) , the first emperor of Western Xia, rejected Han Chinese silk clothing over the leather-based and wool clothing of the nomadic people from the Steppe; he argued that the Tanguts had traditionally worn leather-based and wool clothing and since the Tanguts men were military, they also had no use of silk materials. [1] (#cite_note-:71-1) According to the Song History (/wiki/History_of_Song_(book)) , [3] (#cite_note-3) [Li Yuanhao] repeatedly remonstrated against his parents' willing servitude to the Song. Once his father admonished him for that, saying: "I have long led armies, but now I am tired. Our clan for thirty years has been clothed in brocades and fine silks. That is the favor bestowed by the Song; we must not be ungrateful for it." Yuanhao responded; "To dress in skins and furs and to tend one's flocks and herds are more natural to the Tangut nature. A bold leader's life should be that of the kings and conquerors; what does that have to do with brocades and fine silks?" Emperor Jingzong also mandated Tangut clothing. [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) Yet, silk clothing was still worn in Western Xia during his reign. [1] (#cite_note-:71-1) Under his rule, men were also ordered to shave their hair on the tops of their heads but leave fringe across the forehead and down the sides. [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) This order took place in 1034, and all men had to shave under the threat of death penalty; crowds were permitted to kill any men who disobeyed the order within 3 days. [5] (#cite_note-5) Under the reign of Jingzong, clothing of officials were regulated and there was distinction between Han-style clothing and Tangut style clothing; according to the Song History (/wiki/History_of_Song_(book)) , the Tangut-style clothing was labelled as "foreign" ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 番 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : fan ). [1] (#cite_note-:71-1) The Han-style clothing was worn by officials whereas the Tangut-style clothing was worn by the military. [1] (#cite_note-:71-1) Civil officials wore futou (/wiki/Futou) , boots, purple or crimson gown. [2] (#cite_note-:39-2) Envoys of Western Xia were always dressed in narrow gown and wore golden diexie , leather boots, and golden hats. [2] (#cite_note-:39-2) However, in 1061 AD, Emperor Yizong (/wiki/Emperor_Yizong_of_Western_Xia) , the son of Emperor Jingzong (/wiki/Emperor_Jingzong_of_Western_Xia) , decided to replace Tangut clothing with Han Chinese (/wiki/Han_Chinese) clothing in his court. [6] (#cite_note-:72-6) In his wish list to the Song dynasty (/wiki/Song_dynasty) court, Emperor Yizong (/wiki/Emperor_Yizong_of_Western_Xia) asked permission to use Han Chinese (/wiki/Han_Chinese) rites and clothing to greet Song dynasty (/wiki/Song_dynasty) envoys and seek permission to buy Chinese official clothing; both of these requests were granted. [6] (#cite_note-:72-6) Clothing of servants [ edit ] Servants wore round-collared, narrowed-sleeved gowns of various colours which was decorated with roundels and fastened their gown with a waistband. [2] (#cite_note-:39-2) Clothing of women [ edit ] The women in Western Xia wore skirts and embroidered narrow-sleeved, cross-collared gowns which tend to be made of coarse cloth, fine wool, and animal hides. [2] (#cite_note-:39-2) Gallery [ edit ] Tangut Emperor and a boy, a Western Xia (/wiki/Western_Xia) Painting, 13th century. Sitting figures, Western Xia painting, 13th century. Mural depicting women wearing a cross-collared gown and skirts; Western Xia. Mural depicting men; Western Xia. Face of Western Xia official Western Xia official Western Xia woman Western Xia woman Tangut servants See also [ edit ] Hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) Western Xia (/wiki/Western_Xia) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Shea, Eiren L. (2020). Mongol court dress, identity formation, and global exchange . New York, NY. pp. 14–15. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-429-34065-9 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1139920835 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1139920835) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Zhu, Ruixi; Zhang, Bangwei; Liu, Fusheng; Cai, Chongbang; Wang, Zenyu (2016). A social history of middle-period China : the Song, Liao, Western Xia and Jin dynasties . Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. pp. 32–59. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-107-16786-5 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 953576345 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/953576345) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Mote, Frederick W. (2003). Imperial China, 900-1800 . Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. pp. 179–180. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-674-44515-5 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 41285114 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41285114) . ^ Jump up to: a b Tanner, Harold Miles (2010). From Neolithic cultures through the Great Qing Empire 10,000 BCE-1799 CE . Indianapolis: Hackett Pub. Co. p. 207. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-60384-563-2 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 821725009 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/821725009) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Kuhn, Dieter (2009). The age of Confucian rule : the Song transformation of China . Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. pp. 50–51. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-674-03146-3 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 192050158 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/192050158) . ^ Jump up to: a b Dunnell, Ruth W. (1996). The great state of white and high : Buddhism and state formation in eleventh-century Xia . Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-585-34402-7 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 47010540 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47010540) . v t e Western Xia (/wiki/Western_Xia) topics Song–Xia wars (/wiki/Song%E2%80%93Xia_wars) Mongol conquest of Western Xia (/wiki/Mongol_conquest_of_Western_Xia) Tangut people (/wiki/Tangut_people) Western Xia coinage (/wiki/Western_Xia_coinage) Western Xia rulers family tree (/wiki/Western_Xia_rulers_family_tree) Western Xia mausoleums (/wiki/Western_Xia_mausoleums) Fashion in Western Xia Baisigou (/wiki/Baisigou_Square_Pagoda) Language Tangut language (/wiki/Tangut_language) Tangut Script (/wiki/Tangut_script) ( Tangut numerals (/wiki/Tangut_numerals) ) v t e Timeline (/wiki/Timeline_of_clothing_and_textiles_technology) of clothing and fashion History of clothing and textiles (/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles) History of fashion design (/wiki/History_of_fashion_design) Ancient (/wiki/Clothing_in_the_ancient_world) Prehistory of nakedness and clothing (/wiki/Prehistory_of_nakedness_and_clothing) China (/wiki/Popular_fashion_in_ancient_China) Han Chinese (/wiki/Hanfu) Shu (/wiki/Clothing_in_ancient_Shu) Egyptian (/wiki/Clothing_in_ancient_Egypt) Inuit (/wiki/Inuit_clothing) Biblical (/wiki/Biblical_clothing) Greek (/wiki/Clothing_in_ancient_Greece) Roman (/wiki/Clothing_in_ancient_Rome) Thracian (/wiki/Thracian_clothing) Middle Ages Anglo-Saxon (/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_dress) Byzantine (/wiki/Byzantine_dress) Chinese Liao (/wiki/Fashion_in_the_Liao_dynasty) Jurchen Jin (/wiki/Fashion_in_the_Jurchen_Jin_dynasty) Yuan (/wiki/Fashion_in_the_Yuan_dynasty) Western Xia English (/wiki/English_medieval_clothing) Europe 400s–1000s (/wiki/Early_medieval_European_dress) 1100s (/wiki/1100%E2%80%931200_in_European_fashion) 1200s (/wiki/1200%E2%80%931300_in_European_fashion) 1300s (/wiki/1300%E2%80%931400_in_European_fashion) 1400s (/wiki/1400%E2%80%931500_in_European_fashion) Korean (/wiki/Hanbok#History) Ottoman (/wiki/Ottoman_clothing) Tocharian (/wiki/Tocharian_clothing) Vietnamese (/wiki/Vietnamese_clothing#Lý_dynasty_to_Trần_dynasty_(1009–1400)) 1500s–1820s Western fashion 1500–1550 (/wiki/1500%E2%80%931550_in_European_fashion) 1550–1600 (/wiki/1550%E2%80%931600_in_European_fashion) 1600–1650 (/wiki/1600%E2%80%931650_in_Western_fashion) 1650–1700 (/wiki/1650%E2%80%931700_in_Western_fashion) 1700–1750 (/wiki/1700%E2%80%931750_in_Western_fashion) 1750–1775 (/wiki/1750%E2%80%931775_in_Western_fashion) 1775–1795 (/wiki/1775%E2%80%931795_in_Western_fashion) 1795–1820 (/wiki/1795%E2%80%931820_in_Western_fashion) Directoire style (/wiki/Directoire_style) 1820s (/wiki/1820s_in_Western_fashion) 1830s–1910s Western fashion Victorian (/wiki/Victorian_fashion) 1830s (/wiki/1830s_in_Western_fashion) 1840s (/wiki/1840s_in_Western_fashion) 1850s (/wiki/1850s_in_Western_fashion) 1860s (/wiki/1860s_in_Western_fashion) 1870s (/wiki/1870s_in_Western_fashion) 1880s (/wiki/1880s_in_Western_fashion) 1890s (/wiki/1890s_in_Western_fashion) Edwardian (/wiki/Edwardian_era#Fashion) 1900s (/wiki/1900s_in_Western_fashion) 1910s (/wiki/1910s_in_Western_fashion) 1920s–1950s Western fashion Suffrage Movement period (/wiki/Women%27s_suffrage_and_Western_women%27s_fashion_through_the_early_20th_century) 1920s (/wiki/1920s_in_Western_fashion) 1930–1945 (/wiki/1930%E2%80%931945_in_Western_fashion) 1945–1960 (/wiki/1945%E2%80%931960_in_Western_fashion) 1960s-1990s fashion 1960s (/wiki/1960s_in_fashion) 1970s (/wiki/1970s_in_fashion) 1980s (/wiki/1980s_in_fashion) 1990s (/wiki/1990s_in_fashion) 2000–present fashion 2000s (/wiki/2000s_in_fashion) 2010s (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) 2020s (/wiki/2020s_in_fashion) impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_fashion_industry) By country and region Indian subcontinent (/wiki/History_of_clothing_in_the_Indian_subcontinent) Italy (/wiki/History_of_Italian_fashion) Japan (/wiki/Japanese_clothing#History) Meiji (/wiki/Japanese_clothing_during_the_Meiji_period) Thailand (/wiki/History_of_Thai_clothing) Western world (/wiki/History_of_Western_fashion) By clothing Bikini (/wiki/History_of_the_bikini) Corset (/wiki/History_of_corsets) Hide (/wiki/History_of_hide_materials) Swimwear (/wiki/History_of_swimwear) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.canary‐6cbf6bc4cc‐dngtf Cached time: 20240713055055 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.502 seconds Real time usage: 0.635 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 922/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 40198/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1191/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 57008/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.315/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4772536/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 548.638 1 -total 36.27% 199.002 1 Template:Reflist 31.30% 171.710 6 Template:Cite_book 23.96% 131.454 2 Template:Navbox 22.94% 125.866 1 Template:Western_Xia_topics 20.72% 113.681 1 Template:Short_description 10.36% 56.839 2 Template:Pagetype 7.27% 39.862 4 Template:Main_other 6.70% 36.735 1 Template:SDcat 6.14% 33.695 2 Template:See_also Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:67329399-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713055055 and revision id 1182139567. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fashion_in_Western_Xia&oldid=1182139567 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fashion_in_Western_Xia&oldid=1182139567) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Western Xia (/wiki/Category:Western_Xia) Chinese clothing (/wiki/Category:Chinese_clothing) History of Asian clothing (/wiki/Category:History_of_Asian_clothing) History of fashion (/wiki/Category:History_of_fashion) Hidden categories: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_simplified_Chinese-language_text) Articles containing Chinese-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Chinese-language_text)
German model (born 2001) Vivien Blotzki Born ( 2001-02-02 ) 2 February 2001 (age 23) Mayen-Koblenz (/wiki/Mayen-Koblenz) , Germany Modeling information Height 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) Hair color Black Eye color Brown Agency Louisa Models (/wiki/Louisa_Models) Vivien Blotzki is a German model and the winner of the 18th season of Germany's Next Topmodel (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Personal life [ edit ] Bloztki is of Brazilian descent via her mother. [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) Bloztki was notable for being the first plus-size model to win Germany's Next Topmodel . [4] (#cite_note-4) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Vivien Blotzki: Das ist über die GNTM-Gewinnerin bekannt" (https://ratgeber.bunte.de/vivien-blotzki-das-ist-ueber-die-gntm-gewinnerin-bekannt_161347) . ratgeber.bunte.de (in German). 19 June 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Trotz Schrecksekunde: Vivien aus Münstermaifeld im Finale von Germany's Next Topmodel" (https://www.rhein-zeitung.de/region/aus-den-lokalredaktionen/andernach-und-mayen_artikel,-trotz-schrecksekunde-vivien-aus-muenstermaifeld-im-finale-von-germanys-next-topmodel-_arid,2544819.html) . www.rhein-zeitung.de (in German). 11 June 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Vivien Blotzki gewinnt als erstes Curvy-Model "Germany's Next Top Model" (GNTM)" (https://www.ww-kurier.de/artikel/131189-vivien-blotzki-gewinnt-als-erstes-curvy-model--germany-s-next-top-model---gntm-) . www.ww-kurier.de (in German). 17 June 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-4) "GNTM-Gewinnerin Vivien Blotzki: Emotionale Worte bei Instagram – "Bin sehr dankbar" (https://www.prosieben.de/themen/stars/news/gntm-gewinnerin-vivien-blotzki-emotionale-worte-bei-instagram-bin-sehr-dankbar-82097) " (https://www.prosieben.de/themen/stars/news/gntm-gewinnerin-vivien-blotzki-emotionale-worte-bei-instagram-bin-sehr-dankbar-82097) . prosieben.de (in German). 16 June 2023. v t e Germany's Next Topmodel (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel) Seasons 1 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_1) 2 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_2) 3 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_3) 4 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_4) 5 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_5) 6 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_6) 7 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_7) 8 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_8) 9 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_9) 10 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_10) 11 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_11) 12 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_12) 13 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_13) 14 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_14) 15 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_15) 16 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_16) 17 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_17) 18 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_18) 19 (/wiki/Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_season_19) Contestants (/wiki/List_of_Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_contestants) Winners Lena Gercke (/wiki/Lena_Gercke) Barbara Meier (/wiki/Barbara_Meier) Jennifer Hof (/wiki/Jennifer_Hof) Sara Nuru (/wiki/Sara_Nuru) Alisar Ailabouni (/wiki/Alisar_Ailabouni) Jana Beller (/wiki/Jana_Beller) Luisa Hartema (/wiki/Luisa_Hartema) Lovelyn Enebechi (/wiki/Lovelyn_Enebechi) Stefanie Giesinger (/wiki/Stefanie_Giesinger) Vanessa Fuchs (/wiki/Vanessa_Fuchs) Kim Hnizdo (/wiki/Kim_Hnizdo) Céline Bethmann (/wiki/C%C3%A9line_Bethmann) Toni Dreher-Adenuga (/wiki/Toni_Dreher-Adenuga) Simone Kowalski (/wiki/Simone_Kowalski) Jacky Wruck (/wiki/Jacky_Wruck) Alex-Mariah Peter (/wiki/Alex-Mariah_Peter) Lou-Anne Gleißenebner-Teskey (/wiki/Lou-Anne_Glei%C3%9Fenebner-Teskey) Vivien Blotzki Other alumni Micaela Schäfer (/wiki/Micaela_Sch%C3%A4fer) Fiona Erdmann (/wiki/Fiona_Erdmann) Vanessa Hegelmaier (/wiki/Vanessa_Hegelmaier) Milla von Krockow (/wiki/Milla_von_Krockow) Gina-Lisa Lohfink (/wiki/Gina-Lisa_Lohfink) Larissa Marolt (/wiki/Larissa_Marolt) Rebecca Mir (/wiki/Rebecca_Mir) Giuliana Radermacher (/wiki/Giuliana_Farfalla) Miriam Rautert (/wiki/Miriam_Rautert) Related Die Model WG (/wiki/Die_Model_WG_(German_TV_series)) Top Model (/wiki/Top_Model) Austria's Next Topmodel (/wiki/Austria%27s_Next_Topmodel) Switzerland's Next Topmodel (/wiki/Switzerland%27s_Next_Topmodel) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐5r5np Cached time: 20240712190726 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.379 seconds Real time usage: 0.517 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2073/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 29473/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1964/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 26943/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.289/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6725717/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 488.990 1 -total 43.54% 212.903 1 Template:Infobox_model 22.81% 111.517 1 Template:Reflist 19.88% 97.205 4 Template:Cite_web 17.39% 85.041 1 Template:Germany's_Next_Topmodel 17.21% 84.147 2 Template:Navbox 15.66% 76.580 1 Template:Short_description 10.01% 48.963 1 Template:Infobox 9.66% 47.220 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age 9.43% 46.109 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:74095797-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712190726 and revision id 1231344252. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vivien_Blotzki&oldid=1231344252 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vivien_Blotzki&oldid=1231344252) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 2001 births (/wiki/Category:2001_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) People from Mayen-Koblenz (/wiki/Category:People_from_Mayen-Koblenz) German female models (/wiki/Category:German_female_models) Plus-size models (/wiki/Category:Plus-size_models) German people of Brazilian descent (/wiki/Category:German_people_of_Brazilian_descent) Germany's Next Topmodel winners (/wiki/Category:Germany%27s_Next_Topmodel_winners) Hidden categories: CS1 German-language sources (de) (/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards)
Wedding dress worn by Alexandra in 1863 Wedding dress of Princess Alexandra of Denmark Artist Mrs. James of Belgravia (dress) Miss Tucker (lace design) Messrs. John Tucker & Co (lace) Year 1863 The wedding dress of Princess Alexandra of Denmark (the future Queen Alexandra (/wiki/Alexandra_of_Denmark) ) was worn at her wedding (/wiki/Wedding_of_Prince_Albert_Edward_and_Princess_Alexandra) to Albert Edward, Prince of Wales ( King Edward VII (/wiki/King_Edward_VII) from 1901 to 1910) on 10 March 1863 in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle (/wiki/St_George%27s_Chapel,_Windsor_Castle) . It was the first in British royal history to be photographed while being worn. The gown was made by London dressmaker Mrs James of Belgravia (/wiki/Belgravia) . [1] (#cite_note-wed-1) It is now part of the British Royal Collection (/wiki/Royal_Collection) . In 2011, the dress was part of a display of royal wedding dresses at Kensington Palace (/wiki/Kensington_Palace) . [2] (#cite_note-2) Design [ edit ] Princess Alexandra of Denmark, in her wedding dress (10 March 1863) The dress was made of white silk satin (the silk was woven at Spitalfields (/wiki/Spitalfields) ) trimmed with orange blossoms, myrtle, puffs of tulle and Honiton lace. [3] (#cite_note-RoyalDress-3) It had a similarly trimmed 21-foot (6.4 m) silver moiré (/wiki/Moire_(fabric)) train (/wiki/Train_(clothing)) , which was carried by eight young ladies aged 15 to 20. [4] (#cite_note-Cascade-4) [5] (#cite_note-gents-5) The four lace flounces were designed by Miss Tucker and executed by Messrs. John Tucker and Co. of Branscombe (/wiki/Branscombe) , near Sidmouth (/wiki/Sidmouth) . A matching lace veil, train trimming and handkerchief were also made. The pattern of the lace depicted cornucopias (/wiki/Cornucopia) filled with English roses, Irish shamrocks and Scottish thistles. [5] (#cite_note-gents-5) Princess Alexandra wore a wreath of orange blossoms and myrtle and carried a bouquet of orange blossoms, white rosebuds, lily of the valley, orchids, and myrtle. [5] (#cite_note-gents-5) Her jewelry consisted of a pearl necklace, earrings and brooch given to her by the Prince of Wales, an opal and diamond bracelet from Queen Victoria (/wiki/Queen_Victoria) , a diamond bracelet given by the ladies of Leeds, and an opal and diamond bracelet from the ladies of Manchester. [5] (#cite_note-gents-5) Attendants [ edit ] The bridesmaids wore white glacé silk dresses trimmed with tulle netting (/wiki/Tulle_netting) and roses, and wreaths of roses. [6] (#cite_note-BillsKnight2006-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) See also [ edit ] List of individual dresses (/wiki/List_of_individual_dresses) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-wed_1-0) Alexander, Hilary (22 April 2011). "How will The Dress measure up to history?" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/royal-wedding/8466914/How-will-The-Dress-measure-up-to-history.html) . London: telegraph.co.uk . Retrieved 1 May 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Historic Royal Palaces feature" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110705084032/http://www.hrp.org.uk/MediaPlayer/ViewPlaylist.aspx?PlaylistId=125) . Historic Royal Palaces. Archived from the original (http://www.hrp.org.uk/MediaPlayer/ViewPlaylist.aspx?PlaylistId=125) on 5 July 2011 . Retrieved 12 July 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-RoyalDress_3-0) "Royal Wedding Dresses throughout history" (https://www.royal.uk/wedding-dresses) . The Royal Family. 11 May 2018 . Retrieved 9 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-Cascade_4-0) "Royal wedding: The lessons and comforts that can be gleaned from previous marriages" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/royal-wedding/8469775/Royal-wedding-the-lessons-and-comforts-that-can-be-gleaned-from-previous-marriages.html) . The Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) . London. 24 April 2011 . Retrieved 1 May 2011 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d The Gentleman's magazine . F. Jefferies. 1863. p. 506 (https://archive.org/details/gentlemansmagaz240unkngoog/page/n529) . Retrieved 30 April 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-BillsKnight2006_6-0) Mark Bills; Vivien Knight (/wiki/Vivien_Knight) , eds. (2006). William Powell Frith: painting the Victorian age . Yale University Press. pp. 122–. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-300-12190-2 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) " (http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portraitLarge/mw147785/The-Bridesmaids?LinkID=mp89369&role=sit&rNo=1) 'The Bridesmaids' by Robert Charles Dudley" (http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portraitLarge/mw147785/The-Bridesmaids?LinkID=mp89369&role=sit&rNo=1) . National Portrait Gallery. External links [ edit ] View Playlist: Royal wedding dresses (http://www.hrp.org.uk/MediaPlayer/ViewPlaylist.aspx?PlaylistId=125) Princess Alexandra's Wedding Dress at the Royal Collection Trust (https://www.rct.uk/collection/search#/1/collection/71943/princess-alexandras-wedding-dress) v t e Alexandra of Denmark (/wiki/Alexandra_of_Denmark) Queen consort of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Queen_consort_of_the_United_Kingdom) and the British Dominions (/wiki/Dominion#Dominions) , Empress consort of India (/wiki/Empress_consort_of_India) (1901–1910) Family Edward VII (/wiki/Edward_VII) (husband) Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale (/wiki/Prince_Albert_Victor,_Duke_of_Clarence_and_Avondale) (son) George V (/wiki/George_V) (son) Louise, Princess Royal (/wiki/Louise,_Princess_Royal) (daughter) Princess Victoria (/wiki/Princess_Victoria_of_the_United_Kingdom) (daughter) Maud, Queen of Norway (/wiki/Maud_of_Wales) (daughter) Christian IX of Denmark (/wiki/Christian_IX_of_Denmark) (father) Louise of Hesse-Kassel (/wiki/Louise_of_Hesse-Kassel) (mother) Frederick VIII of Denmark (/wiki/Frederick_VIII_of_Denmark) (brother) George I of Greece (/wiki/George_I_of_Greece) (brother) Maria Feodorovna, Empress of Russia (/wiki/Maria_Feodorovna_(Dagmar_of_Denmark)) (sister) Thyra, Crown Princess of Hanover (/wiki/Princess_Thyra_of_Denmark) (sister) Prince Valdemar of Denmark (/wiki/Prince_Valdemar_of_Denmark) (brother) Events Wedding (/wiki/Wedding_of_Prince_Albert_Edward_and_Princess_Alexandra) wedding dress Coronation (/wiki/Coronation_of_Edward_VII_and_Alexandra) Crown (/wiki/Crown_of_Queen_Alexandra) Honours (/wiki/1902_Coronation_Honours) Medal (/wiki/King_Edward_VII_Coronation_Medal) Coronation cases (/wiki/Coronation_cases) Household (/wiki/Household_of_Edward_VII_and_Alexandra) Death and funeral (/wiki/Death_and_funeral_of_Alexandra_of_Denmark) Namesakes Alexandra Girls' English Institution (/wiki/Alexandra_Girls%27_English_Institution) Alexandra Rose Day (/wiki/Alexandra_Rose_Day) Alexandra Palace (/wiki/Alexandra_Palace) Alexandra Park, London (/wiki/Alexandra_Park,_London) Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps (/wiki/Queen_Alexandra%27s_Royal_Army_Nursing_Corps) Queen Alexandra's State Coach (/wiki/Queen_Alexandra%27s_State_Coach) Depictions Film and television The Coronation of Edward VII (1902) (/wiki/The_Coronation_of_Edward_VII) Jennie: Lady Randolph Churchill (1974) (/wiki/Jennie:_Lady_Randolph_Churchill) Edward the Seventh (1975) (/wiki/Edward_the_Seventh) Lillie (1978) (/wiki/Lillie_(TV_series)) The Elephant Man (1980) (/wiki/The_Elephant_Man_(film)) Mrs Brown (1997) (/wiki/Mrs_Brown) Passion (1999) (/wiki/Passion_(1999_film)) All the King's Men (1999) (/wiki/All_the_King%27s_Men_(1999_film)) The Lost Prince (2003) (/wiki/The_Lost_Prince) Statues and memorials Queen Alexandra Memorial (/wiki/Queen_Alexandra_Memorial) Odes Queen Alexandra's Memorial Ode (/wiki/Queen_Alexandra%27s_Memorial_Ode) v t e Wedding dresses (/wiki/Wedding_dress) worn at British (/wiki/British_royal_family) royal weddings (/wiki/List_of_royal_weddings) 19th century Princess Charlotte of Wales (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Charlotte_of_Wales) (1816) Queen Victoria (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Queen_Victoria) (1840) Victoria, Princess Royal (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Victoria,_Princess_Royal) (1858) Princess Alice (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Alice_of_the_United_Kingdom) (1862) Princess Alexandra of Denmark (1863) Princess Helena (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Helena_of_the_United_Kingdom) (1866) Princess Louise (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Louise_of_the_United_Kingdom) (1871) Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Louise_Margaret_of_Prussia) (1879) Princess Helen of Waldeck and Pyrmont (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Helen_of_Waldeck_and_Pyrmont) (1882) Princess Beatrice (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Beatrice_of_the_United_Kingdom) (1885) Princess Louise of Wales (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Louise_of_Wales) (1889) Princess Marie Louise of Schleswig-Holstein (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Marie_Louise_of_Schleswig-Holstein) (1891) Princess Victoria Mary of Teck (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Victoria_Mary_of_Teck) (1893) Princess Maud of Wales (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Maud_of_Wales) (1896) 20th century Princess Alice of Albany (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Alice_of_Albany) (1904) Princess Margaret of Connaught (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Margaret_of_Connaught) (1905) Princess Alexandra (/wiki/Princess_Alexandra,_2nd_Duchess_of_Fife#Marriage) (1913) Princess Patricia of Connaught (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Patricia_of_Connaught) (1919) Princess Mary (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Mary_of_the_United_Kingdom) (1922) Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Lady_Elizabeth_Bowes-Lyon) (1923) Princess Maud (/wiki/Maud_Carnegie,_Countess_of_Southesk#Marriage) (1923) Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Marina_of_Greece_and_Denmark) (1934) Lady Alice Montagu Douglas Scott (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Lady_Alice_Montagu_Douglas_Scott) (1935) Wallis Warfield (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Wallis_Warfield) (1937) Princess Elizabeth (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Elizabeth_of_the_United_Kingdom) (1947) Princess Margaret (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Margaret_of_the_United_Kingdom) (1960) Katharine Worsley (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Katharine_Worsley) (1961) Princess Alexandra of Kent (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Alexandra_of_Kent) (1963) Birgitte van Deurs Henriksen (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Birgitte_van_Deurs_Henriksen) (1972) Princess Anne (/wiki/Wedding_dresses_of_Princess_Anne_of_the_United_Kingdom) (1973) Baroness Marie Christine von Reibnitz (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Baroness_Marie_Christine_von_Reibnitz) (1978) Lady Diana Spencer (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Lady_Diana_Spencer) (1981) Sarah Ferguson (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Sarah_Ferguson) (1986) Anne, Princess Royal (/wiki/Wedding_dresses_of_Princess_Anne_of_the_United_Kingdom) (1992) Sophie Rhys-Jones (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Sophie_Rhys-Jones) (1999) 21st century Camilla Parker Bowles (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Camilla_Parker_Bowles) (2005) Catherine Middleton (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Catherine_Middleton) (2011) Meghan Markle (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Meghan_Markle) (2018) Princess Eugenie of York (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Eugenie_of_York) (2018) Princess Beatrice of York (/wiki/Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Beatrice_of_York) (2020) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐6fd6l Cached time: 20240720205650 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.635 seconds Real time usage: 0.819 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1205/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 49217/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1541/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 44912/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.425/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6701348/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 734.263 1 -total 29.07% 213.414 1 Template:Reflist 22.65% 166.346 1 Template:Short_description 21.59% 158.543 3 Template:Navbox 20.55% 150.890 1 Template:Alexandra_of_Denmark 20.18% 148.205 2 Template:Cite_news 15.18% 111.477 1 Template:Infobox_artwork 13.86% 101.758 1 Template:Infobox 11.80% 86.621 6 Template:Main_other 11.26% 82.681 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:31637331-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720205650 and revision id 1170160997. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Alexandra_of_Denmark&oldid=1170160997 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wedding_dress_of_Princess_Alexandra_of_Denmark&oldid=1170160997) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Royal wedding dresses (/wiki/Category:Royal_wedding_dresses) British royal attire (/wiki/Category:British_royal_attire) 1860s fashion (/wiki/Category:1860s_fashion) Dresses in the Royal Collection of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Dresses_in_the_Royal_Collection_of_the_United_Kingdom) 1863 in England (/wiki/Category:1863_in_England) English fashion (/wiki/Category:English_fashion) Marriage, unions and partnerships in England (/wiki/Category:Marriage,_unions_and_partnerships_in_England) Alexandra of Denmark (/wiki/Category:Alexandra_of_Denmark) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from April 2022 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2022)
Fashion illustration of three-button drape and two-button drape suits, 1940–41 Drape suits are a British variation of the three-piece suit introduced in the 1930s, in which the cut is full and "drapes". It is also known as the blade cut or London cut . [1] (#cite_note-Hill174-1) The design of the athletic aesthetic of the drape suit is attributed to the London tailor (/wiki/Tailor) Frederick Scholte (/wiki/Frederick_Scholte) . [2] (#cite_note-Hill129-2) The new suit cut was softer and more flexible in construction than the suits of the previous generation; extra fabric in the shoulder and armscye (/wiki/Armscye) , light padding, a slightly nipped waist, and fuller sleeves tapered at the wrist resulted in a cut with folds, or "drapes," front and back that created the illusion of the broad-shoulders and tight-waist "V" figure of the very fit. Historical background [ edit ] Most changes in menswear occur slowly and subtly, until the shift becomes noticeably different. This noticeably different change occurs some time after the transition had begun. [2] (#cite_note-Hill129-2) In comparison, changes in women's fashions are fast and each alteration noticeable almost immediately as it occurs. English tailoring remained the norm in leading men's fashions with a heavy influence of sportswear. [3] (#cite_note-Tortora-3) 1920s–1930s [ edit ] Introduced in the late 1920s, the athletic silhouette in suits "gradually and subtly refined into the drape cut". [1] (#cite_note-Hill174-1) The athletic cut was more comfortable and less fitted to allow for movement. Previously, they were considered informal and not suitable for everyday dress on the streets. During the early 1900s, there was a shift of attitudes, and the clothes that were considered informal or for sports were being worn on the streets and were considered acceptable wear. [3] (#cite_note-Tortora-3) The English drape suit became popular by the late 1930s. [3] (#cite_note-Tortora-3) Frederick Scholte (/wiki/Frederick_Scholte) 's distinctive V-shaped suit was developed through "discreet horizontal drapes narrowed across the shoulder blades from the roomy armholes down to the raised waistline". [2] (#cite_note-Hill129-2) This shape resembled a 'V', which was caused by the broad shoulders that narrowed to a tucked in waistline, which smoothed over the hips as opposed to flaring back out (like the tail coat (/wiki/Tail_coat) or the frock coat (/wiki/Frock_coat) that preceded it). The shoulders were not padded, looking natural, broad and masculine. [2] (#cite_note-Hill129-2) The drape suit was a more comfortable, athletic alternative to the slim suits of the preceding war years and their restrictions. It had more fabric through the shoulders and chest, causing a slight drape or wrinkle. [3] (#cite_note-Tortora-3) Like other suit jackets, this style could be made single or double-breasted. The pants were also cut fuller "with pleated fronts and wide legs that tapered slightly to the ankle". [2] (#cite_note-Hill129-2) Variations: American drape suit versus British drape suit [ edit ] The main difference between American and British versions of the drape suit was in the treatment of the sleeve-head at the shoulderline. The American version had a "smooth roll of sleeve fabric where it was stitched into the armscye" whereas the English version had "tiny puckers from stitch tucks". [1] (#cite_note-Hill174-1) In addition, the American drape suit has a very tapered waist that helps to exaggerate the bulk in the chest and shoulders, and causes the skirt line to appear flared. [4] (#cite_note-4) In comparison, the English version has a less tapered waist with a straight skirt line. Drape suit in the mid-20th century [ edit ] By the mid-1930s, "two subtle changes added a touch of modernity to the athletic suit style". [1] (#cite_note-Hill174-1) The first modification was the alteration of the peaked lapel, which became wider and angled more upwards. This added more fullness and width to the 'masculine' chest. [1] (#cite_note-Hill174-1) The second modification was the alteration of the sleeve armholes to become more narrow and raised. This added more fullness and width for a 'masculine' impact in the broadness of the shoulders and narrow waist. [1] (#cite_note-Hill174-1) The drape suit remained popular during World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) , being a familiar and stable piece during uncertain times. [1] (#cite_note-Hill174-1) A man's shoulders remained broad, fluid and natural; his chest appeared full and muscular "with the deeply rolled lapels"; "his waist and hips were made trim with the raised coat waistline and ventless skirt". [1] (#cite_note-Hill174-1) In the 1950s, men's fashions followed the trend of women's. With Christian Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior) 's New Look (/wiki/New_Look_(style_of_clothing)) for women, came the Bold Look and Continental Cut for men. [3] (#cite_note-Tortora-3) The Bold Look was the continuation of the English drape cut with greater emphasis on the coordination of the suit with its accessories and shirt. It continued to have broad shoulders with a slightly nipped in waist and a double-breasted suit jacket. [3] (#cite_note-Tortora-3) This cut was anchored in the WWII version, without the war restrictions. [3] (#cite_note-Tortora-3) Late 20th century [ edit ] In the 1974 film The Great Gatsby (/wiki/The_Great_Gatsby_(1974_film)) , the drape suit of the 1920s and 1930s was revisited. [5] (#cite_note-Hill256-5) The suit was modernized with the use of synthetic fabrics and a more modern construction. [5] (#cite_note-Hill256-5) Recently, Michael Anton, author of The Suit , has advocated for the return of the drape suit. The American Zoot suit (/wiki/Zoot_suit) is an extreme exaggeration of excess fabric. References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Hill, D. D. (2011). American Menswear: From the Civil War to the Twenty-First Century . Lubbock, Texas: Texas Tech University Press. pp. 174–175. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Hill, D. D. (2011). American Menswear: From the Civil War to the Twenty-First Century . Lubbock, Texas: Texas University Press. pp. 129–131. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Tortora, Phyliss G. (2009). Survey of Historic Costume . New York: Fairchild Publications. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1563678066 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Schneider, Sven Raphael (20 July 2010). "What Is Drape? The Drape Suit Cut Explained" (https://www.gentlemansgazette.com/drape-cut/) . Gentleman's Gazette . Retrieved 17 November 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b Hill, D. D. (2011). American Menswear: From the Civil War to the Twenty-First Century . Lubbock, Texas: Texas Tech University Press. p. 256. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐vgnft Cached time: 20240721031814 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.128 seconds Real time usage: 0.168 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 389/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 6830/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 74/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 21285/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.070/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3360888/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 131.122 1 Template:Reflist 100.00% 131.122 1 -total 81.57% 106.957 4 Template:Cite_book 3.37% 4.422 1 Template:Cite_web 1.05% 1.374 1 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:1199996-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721031814 and revision id 1230163198. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Drape_suit&oldid=1230163198 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Drape_suit&oldid=1230163198) " Category (/wiki/Help:Category) : Suits (clothing) (/wiki/Category:Suits_(clothing))
Wikimedia Commons has media related to LVMH brands (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:LVMH_brands) . Articles related to brands owned by LVMH (/wiki/LVMH) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐6qnl4 Cached time: 20240720180547 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.057 seconds Real time usage: 0.170 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 126/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2449/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 284/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1202/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.032/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 946148/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 95.780 1 Template:Commonscat 100.00% 95.780 1 -total 96.23% 92.165 1 Template:Sister_project 94.39% 90.403 1 Template:Side_box 5.97% 5.719 1 Template:Replace Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:5322851-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720180547 and revision id 1132020573. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total. D Dior (/wiki/Category:Dior) ‎ (2 C, 10 P) T Tiffany & Co. (/wiki/Category:Tiffany_%26_Co.) ‎ (19 P) Pages in category "LVMH brands" The following 75 pages are in this category, out of 75 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . Template:LVMH (/wiki/Template:LVMH) 0–9 10 Cane (/wiki/10_Cane) A Acqua di Parma (/wiki/Acqua_di_Parma) Ao Yun (/wiki/Ao_Yun) Ardbeg distillery (/wiki/Ardbeg_distillery) B Belmond Limited (/wiki/Belmond_Limited) Belvedere Vodka (/wiki/Belvedere_Vodka) Benefit Cosmetics (/wiki/Benefit_Cosmetics) Berluti (/wiki/Berluti) BITE Beauty (/wiki/BITE_Beauty) Le Bon Marché (/wiki/Le_Bon_March%C3%A9) Bulgari (/wiki/Bulgari) Bulgari Hotel and Residences (/wiki/Bulgari_Hotel_and_Residences) C Caffè-Pasticceria Cova (/wiki/Caff%C3%A8-Pasticceria_Cova) Cape Mentelle Vineyards (/wiki/Cape_Mentelle_Vineyards) Celine (brand) (/wiki/Celine_(brand)) Champagne Krug (/wiki/Champagne_Krug) Champagne Mercier (/wiki/Champagne_Mercier) Chaumet (/wiki/Chaumet) Château Cheval Blanc (/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_Cheval_Blanc) Clos des Lambrays (/wiki/Clos_des_Lambrays) Cloudy Bay Vineyards (/wiki/Cloudy_Bay_Vineyards) Colgin Cellars (/wiki/Colgin_Cellars) Connaissance des Arts (/wiki/Connaissance_des_Arts) D DFS Group (/wiki/DFS_Group) Dior (/wiki/Dior) Dom Pérignon (/wiki/Dom_P%C3%A9rignon) Domaine Chandon California (/wiki/Domaine_Chandon_California) E Les Echos (France) (/wiki/Les_Echos_(France)) F Feadship (/wiki/Feadship) Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) Fenty (fashion house) (/wiki/Fenty_(fashion_house)) Fenty Beauty (/wiki/Fenty_Beauty) Fred Joaillier (/wiki/Fred_Joaillier) G Gentle Monster (/wiki/Gentle_Monster) Gerald Genta (watch brand) (/wiki/Gerald_Genta_(watch_brand)) Givenchy (/wiki/Givenchy) Glenmorangie distillery (/wiki/Glenmorangie_distillery) Guerlain (/wiki/Guerlain) H Hennessy (/wiki/Hennessy) Hublot (/wiki/Hublot) I Investir (/wiki/Investir) J Jardin d'Acclimatation (/wiki/Jardin_d%27Acclimatation) JW Anderson (/wiki/JW_Anderson) K Kenzo (brand) (/wiki/Kenzo_(brand)) L Lady Dior (/wiki/Lady_Dior) Loewe (fashion brand) (/wiki/Loewe_(fashion_brand)) M Make Up For Ever (/wiki/Make_Up_For_Ever) Moët & Chandon (/wiki/Mo%C3%ABt_%26_Chandon) Moynat (/wiki/Moynat) N Newton Vineyard (/wiki/Newton_Vineyard) O Off-White (company) (/wiki/Off-White_(company)) Officine Universelle Buly (/wiki/Officine_Universelle_Buly) OMAS (/wiki/OMAS) P Parfums Christian Dior (/wiki/Parfums_Christian_Dior) Parfums Givenchy (/wiki/Parfums_Givenchy) Le Parisien (/wiki/Le_Parisien) Patou (/wiki/Patou) Princess Yachts (/wiki/Princess_Yachts) Emilio Pucci (/wiki/Emilio_Pucci) R Radio Classique (/wiki/Radio_Classique) Repossi (/wiki/Repossi) Rimowa (/wiki/Rimowa) Royal Van Lent Shipyard (/wiki/Royal_Van_Lent_Shipyard) Ruinart (Champagne) (/wiki/Ruinart_(Champagne)) S La Samaritaine (/wiki/La_Samaritaine) Sephora (/wiki/Sephora) T TAG Heuer (/wiki/TAG_Heuer) Terrazas de los Andes (/wiki/Terrazas_de_los_Andes) Tiffany & Co. (/wiki/Tiffany_%26_Co.) V Elena Velez (/wiki/Elena_Velez) Veuve Clicquot (/wiki/Veuve_Clicquot) Louis Vuitton (/wiki/Louis_Vuitton) Y Château d'Yquem (/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27Yquem) Z Zenith (watchmaker) (/wiki/Zenith_(watchmaker)) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:LVMH_brands&oldid=1132020573 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:LVMH_brands&oldid=1132020573) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : LVMH (/wiki/Category:LVMH) Luxury brands (/wiki/Category:Luxury_brands) Brands by company (/wiki/Category:Brands_by_company) Hidden category: Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata)
NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐55cdc77579‐69w6j Cached time: 20240722024654 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.002 seconds Real time usage: 0.003 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 1/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:30966954-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722024654 and revision id 415266095. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 12 subcategories, out of 12 total. B Works originally published in The Boston Miscellany (/wiki/Category:Works_originally_published_in_The_Boston_Miscellany) ‎ (2 P) C Works originally published in Cosmopolitan (magazine) (/wiki/Category:Works_originally_published_in_Cosmopolitan_(magazine)) ‎ (56 P) D Works originally published in The Delineator (/wiki/Category:Works_originally_published_in_The_Delineator) ‎ (2 P) E Works originally published in Esquire (magazine) (/wiki/Category:Works_originally_published_in_Esquire_(magazine)) ‎ (30 P) H Works originally published in Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Category:Works_originally_published_in_Harper%27s_Bazaar) ‎ (17 P) L Works originally published in The Lady's Magazine (/wiki/Category:Works_originally_published_in_The_Lady%27s_Magazine) ‎ (2 P) M Works originally published in Mademoiselle (magazine) (/wiki/Category:Works_originally_published_in_Mademoiselle_(magazine)) ‎ (9 P) Works originally published in Marie Claire (/wiki/Category:Works_originally_published_in_Marie_Claire) ‎ (1 P) Works originally published in McCall's (/wiki/Category:Works_originally_published_in_McCall%27s) ‎ (2 P) V Works originally published in Vanity Fair (magazine) (/wiki/Category:Works_originally_published_in_Vanity_Fair_(magazine)) ‎ (3 P) Works originally published in Vogue (magazine) (/wiki/Category:Works_originally_published_in_Vogue_(magazine)) ‎ (3 P) W Works originally published in Pictorial Review (/wiki/Category:Works_originally_published_in_Pictorial_Review) ‎ (3 P) Pages in category "Works originally published in fashion magazines" This category contains only the following page. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . B The Birchen Bouquet (/wiki/The_Birchen_Bouquet) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Works_originally_published_in_fashion_magazines&oldid=415266095 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Works_originally_published_in_fashion_magazines&oldid=415266095) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Works originally published in magazines by interest (/wiki/Category:Works_originally_published_in_magazines_by_interest) Fashion magazines (/wiki/Category:Fashion_magazines)
Used clothes or used clothing could refer to: Post-consumer waste (/wiki/Post-consumer_waste) Vintage clothing (/wiki/Vintage_clothing) Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation (/wiki/Help:Disambiguation) page lists articles associated with the title Used clothes . If an internal link (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere/Used_clothes&namespace=0) led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐cf698d9cf‐dmqfh Cached time: 20240718040739 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.077 seconds Real time usage: 0.121 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2513/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3903/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1150/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 471/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.022/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1092468/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 109.664 1 Template:Disambig 100.00% 109.664 1 -total 43.09% 47.256 1 Template:Dmbox 34.92% 38.293 1 Template:Disambiguation_page_short_description 33.55% 36.793 1 Template:Short_description 28.92% 31.711 4 Template:Main_other 13.99% 15.343 1 Template:Namespace_detect 13.33% 14.614 1 Template:Category_handler 12.45% 13.649 1 Template:SDcat 11.92% 13.069 10 Template:Disambiguation/cat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:74337981-0!canonical and timestamp 20240718040739 and revision id 1221163094. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Used_clothes&oldid=1221163094 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Used_clothes&oldid=1221163094) " Category (/wiki/Help:Category) : Disambiguation pages (/wiki/Category:Disambiguation_pages) Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) All article disambiguation pages (/wiki/Category:All_article_disambiguation_pages) All disambiguation pages (/wiki/Category:All_disambiguation_pages)
Hair that does not align with the surrounding hair Silent film star Mary Pickford (/wiki/Mary_Pickford) in 1919 Frizz is hair (/wiki/Hair) that does not align with the surrounding hair, but stands up or curls independently, creating a fuzzy or irregular texture. The three main causes of frizz are genetics, hair damage, and humidity. Frizzy hair can be seen as a positive or a negative trait depending on the current fashion and one's personal preference. Many hair products, such as gels (/wiki/Hair_gel) , pomades (/wiki/Pomade) , and hair waxes (/wiki/Hair_wax) , are designed to reduce frizz. Definition [ edit ] There is more than one definition of frizz (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/frizz) . Researchers who studied the perception of hair health found that while women around the world perceived the absence of frizz as a sign of healthy hair, how they described "frizz" varied widely according to hair type and desired style. As described by women in the study, the two main types of frizz are: short strands sticking up at the part and throughout the hair length that "project away from the main body of hair"; this type is especially noticeable on women with straight hair (/wiki/Straight_hair) who are trying to achieve a smooth style; and strands of wavy or curly hair (/wiki/Curly_hair) that do not align with others to form a defined wave or curl. [1] (#cite_note-marsh40-1) By this definition, frizz is not exclusively a characteristic of curly hair; straight hair can be frizzy, and tightly curled or afro-textured (/wiki/Afro-textured_hair) hair can be frizz-free (/wiki/File:Curly_Girl_Method.jpg) . [2] (#cite_note-pattern-2) "Frizz" sometimes refers to curly hair in general, but that is not what most people understand the term to mean. [1] (#cite_note-marsh40-1) Causes [ edit ] According to cosmetic chemist Randy Schueller, the three main causes of frizz are genetics, damage, and humidity. [3] (#cite_note-schueller-3) Genetics [ edit ] Some wavy or curly hair naturally aligns or "clumps" in a clearly defined, consistent pattern, and some does not. Curly hair that does not have natural curl definition appears frizzy and is sometimes mistakenly characterized as damaged. [2] (#cite_note-pattern-2) [3] (#cite_note-schueller-3) Even when hair has a defined curl pattern, combing or brushing it when it is dry can break up the clumps, causing the hair to expand into a frizzy mass. This is often done intentionally to add volume. [4] (#cite_note-combing-4) [5] (#cite_note-rules-5) Blow-drying (/wiki/Blow_dryer) hair from the ends toward the roots can raise the hair's cuticle (/wiki/Cuticle_(hair)) , resulting in frizz. [6] (#cite_note-6) Damage [ edit ] Although all hair is technically "dead", hair that has been damaged is perceived as less "healthy" than undamaged hair. [7] (#cite_note-7) Some styling techniques can cause breakage, chipping of the hair cuticle, and other forms of damage which contribute to frizz. Excessive or rough brushing (/wiki/Hairbrush) can cause breakage. This results in frizz because the hair is stretched out of shape before it breaks, so that the shorter hair that remains tends to spring outward, away from the main body of hair. [3] (#cite_note-schueller-3) Backcombing (/wiki/Backcombing) can be damaging, [8] (#cite_note-8) as can combing curly hair when it is dry. [4] (#cite_note-combing-4) Excessive use of heat styling tools such as blow dryers and flatirons (/wiki/Hair_iron) can weaken the hair, making it susceptible to breakage and split ends (/wiki/Split_ends) . [9] (#cite_note-9) Recommendations for minimizing heat damage include using heat styling tools set on low, [10] (#cite_note-10) using a diffuser when blow drying, [5] (#cite_note-rules-5) and never using a curling iron or flat iron on wet hair. Direct heat can boil the water in the hair, causing bubbles to form inside the hair fiber, weakening the hair. [11] (#cite_note-11) Some authors recommend avoiding heat altogether, and allowing the hair to air-dry. [12] (#cite_note-12) Other common causes of hair damage include the use of relaxers (/wiki/Relaxers) and other harsh chemicals; [5] (#cite_note-rules-5) use of a razor to cut curly hair, which weakens the hair cuticle and promotes frizz; [13] (#cite_note-13) and harsh shampoos that strip the hair of its natural oils. [14] (#cite_note-blume512-14) Having some hairs that are shorter than others is not necessarily a sign of breakage. Hair naturally sheds as it reaches the end of its growth cycle, and a new hair grows in its place; the average lifespan is about six years. [15] (#cite_note-15) Humidity [ edit ] In a humid environment, moisture penetrates the hair shaft and is absorbed into the cortex (/wiki/Cortex_(hair)) , causing the proteins there to swell. Different kinds of proteins absorb moisture and swell differently, causing the hair shaft to twist and bend in an irregular pattern. To prevent this, Schueller recommends using conditioners and styling products that contain dimethicone (/wiki/Dimethicone) , which repels humidity. [3] (#cite_note-schueller-3) Although moisture causes frizz, which many women perceive as "unhealthy", many women also believe that moisture is good for their hair, and buy moisturizing hair products. In reality, these products are designed to smooth the surface of the hair rather than increase the hair's water content. [16] (#cite_note-16) Perception and treatment [ edit ] Young woman with frizzy hair. Frizzy hair has been perceived differently in different eras and cultures. Publicity photos of the silent film star Mary Pickford (/wiki/Mary_Pickford) were often backlit (/wiki/Backlighting_(lighting_design)) , highlighting her halo of frizz, and the frizzy perm (/wiki/Perm_(hairstyle)) was a mainstay of 1980s Western fashion (/wiki/1980s_in_Western_fashion) . In the 1979 film My Brilliant Career (/wiki/My_Brilliant_Career_(film)) , when the frizzy-haired Sybylla threatens to cut off all her hair, her aunt Gussie replies, "It'd be a pity to lose your finest asset." [17] (#cite_note-17) Today, some people embrace their natural frizz, while others see it as a problem in need of a solution, and advertisements for hair products (/wiki/Hair_products) often present it as such. [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) Those looking for ways to reduce frizz encounter a great deal of conflicting information online and in the media. Products and treatments that work well for one person may not work for another due to factors such as curl pattern, hair density, hair porosity, the amount of sebum (/wiki/Sebum) produced, whether the individual strands are coarse or fine, protein (/wiki/Hair_protein) levels (which are affected by one's diet), allergies to certain ingredients, regional humidity levels, and finally, subjective ideals of beauty (/wiki/Physical_attractiveness) . Moreover, some of the methods used to smooth frizz can cause damage, making hair even more frizz-prone than before; for example, flatirons can burn the hair (see Damage, above), and some hair gels contain drying ingredients. [21] (#cite_note-21) [22] (#cite_note-22) Some experts recommend the use of products containing silicones, [3] (#cite_note-schueller-3) [23] (#cite_note-23) while others warn that silicones can cause buildup. Myriad products such as serums, pomades, and hair waxes are designed to reduce frizz, and each has its advocates and detractors. Some relatively non-controversial recommendations for reducing frizz include regular use of instant, deep, and leave-in conditioners (/wiki/Hair_conditioner) ; [14] (#cite_note-blume512-14) [24] (#cite_note-24) occasional hot oil treatments; [25] (#cite_note-25) and regular trims to remove any split ends or damaged tips. [26] (#cite_note-26) See also [ edit ] Curly Girl Method (/wiki/Curly_Girl_Method) Hair gel (/wiki/Hair_gel) Hair mousse (/wiki/Hair_mousse) Hair straightening (/wiki/Hair_straightening) Hair wax (/wiki/Hair_wax) Natural hair movement (/wiki/Natural_hair_movement) Pomade (/wiki/Pomade) Split ends (/wiki/Trichoptilosis) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Marsh (2015), p. 40. ^ Jump up to: a b "7 Reasons You Can't Figure Out Your Curl Pattern" (http://www.naturallycurly.com/curlreading/home/7-reasons-you-cant-figure-out-your-curl-pattern/) . Naturally Curly . January 11, 2015. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Schueller, Randy (October 2006). "The top 3 causes of frizzy hair" (http://thebeautybrains.com/2006/10/the-top-3-causes-of-frizzy-hair/) . The Beauty Brains . ^ Jump up to: a b LaFlesh (2010), pp. 68–69. ^ Jump up to: a b c LaFlesh, Teri. "How to Take Care of Our Hair: The Rules" (http://www.tightlycurly.com/technique/therules/) . Tightly Curly . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Milady (2011), p. 466. ^ (#cite_ref-7) Marsh (2015), p. v. ^ (#cite_ref-8) Milady (2011), p. 542. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Marsh (2015), p. 64. ^ (#cite_ref-10) Milady (2011), pp. 64, 548. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Blume-Peytavi (2008), p. 290. ^ (#cite_ref-12) LaFlesh (2010), p. 113. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Milady (2011), p. 372. ^ Jump up to: a b Blume-Peytavi (2008), p. 512. ^ (#cite_ref-15) LaFlesh (2010), pp. 26–27. ^ (#cite_ref-16) Marsh (2015), p. 42. ^ (#cite_ref-17) "My Brilliant Career" (http://mreplay.com/transcript/my_brilliant_career/8670/IFCP/Tuesday_December_08_2009/134009/) . mReplay . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "19 Ways to Embrace Frizz This Summer" (http://www.allure.com/gallery/sexy-curly-hairstyles) . Allure (/wiki/Allure_(magazine)) . April 29, 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Embracing the Frizz: How I Learned to Love My Crazy Hair" (http://www.marieclaire.com/beauty/news/a13919/frizzy-hair-benefits/) . Marie Claire (/wiki/Marie_Claire) . April 2, 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-20) "How to Embrace Your Frizzy Hair" (http://www.instyle.com/how-tos/how-embrace-your-frizzy-hair) . InStyle (/wiki/InStyle) . April 30, 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-21) LaFlesh (2010), p. 144. ^ (#cite_ref-22) "5 Natural, Effective and Alcohol-Free Hair Gels" (http://blackgirllonghair.com/2014/09/5-natural-effective-and-alcohol-free-hair-gels/) . Black Girl With Long Hair . September 6, 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-23) LaFlesh (2010), p. 179. ^ (#cite_ref-24) LaFlesh (2010), pp. 183–188. ^ (#cite_ref-25) LaFlesh (2010), pp. 123–124. ^ (#cite_ref-26) Marsh (2015), p. 38. Bibliography [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Frizz (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Frizz) . Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Milady Standard Cosmetology . Cengage Learning (/wiki/Cengage_Learning) . 2011. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781439059302 . Blume-Peytavi, Ulrike; Whiting, David A.; Trüeb, Ralph M. (2008). Hair Growth and Disorders . Springer Publishing (/wiki/Springer_Publishing) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9783540469117 . LaFlesh, Teri (2010). Curly Like Me: How to Grow Your Hair Healthy, Long, and Strong . John Wiley & Sons (/wiki/John_Wiley_%26_Sons) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780470536421 . Marsh, Jennifer; Gray, John; Tosti, Antonella (2015). Healthy Hair . Springer Publishing (/wiki/Springer_Publishing) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9783319183862 . v t e Human hair (/wiki/Hair) Classification by type Lanugo (/wiki/Lanugo) Body (/wiki/Body_hair) Terminal (/wiki/Terminal_hair) Vellus (/wiki/Vellus_hair) by location Body (/wiki/Body_hair) Ear (/wiki/Ear_hair) Nose (/wiki/Nasal_hair) Eyebrow (/wiki/Eyebrow) unibrow (/wiki/Unibrow) Eyelash (/wiki/Eyelash) Underarm (/wiki/Underarm_hair) Chest (/wiki/Chest_hair) Abdominal (/wiki/Abdominal_hair) Pubic (/wiki/Pubic_hair) Leg (/wiki/Leg_hair) Head hairstyles (/wiki/Hairstyle) ( list (/wiki/List_of_hairstyles) ) Afro (/wiki/Afro) Afro puffs (/wiki/Afro_puffs) Asymmetric cut (/wiki/Asymmetric_cut) Bald (/wiki/Hair_loss) Bangs (/wiki/Bangs_(hair)) Beehive (/wiki/Beehive_(hairstyle)) Big hair (/wiki/Big_hair) Blowout (/wiki/Long_hair) Bob cut (/wiki/Bob_cut) Bouffant (/wiki/Bouffant) Bowl cut (/wiki/Bowl_cut) Braid (/wiki/Braid_(hairstyle)) Brush, butch, burr cut (/wiki/Brush_cut) Bun (/wiki/Bun_(hairstyle)) ( odango (/wiki/Bun_(hairstyle)) ) Bunches (/wiki/Bunches) Businessman cut (/wiki/Regular_haircut) Butterfly haircut (/wiki/Butterfly_haircut) Buzz cut (/wiki/Buzz_cut) Caesar cut (/wiki/Caesar_cut) Chignon (/wiki/Chignon_(hairstyle)) Chonmage (/wiki/Chonmage) Comb over (/wiki/Comb_over) Conk (/wiki/Conk) Cornrows (/wiki/Cornrows) Crew cut (/wiki/Crew_cut) Crochet braids (/wiki/Crochet_braids) Croydon facelift (/wiki/Croydon_facelift) Curly hair (/wiki/Curly_hair) Curtained hair (/wiki/Curtained_hair) Czupryna (/wiki/Czupryna) Devilock (/wiki/Devilock) Dido flip (/wiki/Dido_flip) Digital perm (/wiki/Digital_perm) Dreadlocks (/wiki/Dreadlocks) Ducktail (/wiki/Ducktail) Edgar cut (/wiki/Edgar_cut) Eton crop (/wiki/Eton_crop) Extensions (/wiki/Artificial_hair_integrations) Fauxhawk (/wiki/Mohawk_hairstyle) Feathered hair (/wiki/Feathered_hair) Finger wave (/wiki/Finger_wave) Flattop (/wiki/Flattop) Fontange (/wiki/Fontange) French braid (/wiki/French_braid) French twist (/wiki/French_twist_(hairstyle)) Fringe (/wiki/Fringe_(hair)) Frosted tips (/wiki/Frosted_tips) Hair crimping (/wiki/Hair_crimping) Hair twists (/wiki/Hair_twists) High and tight (/wiki/High_and_tight) Hime cut (/wiki/Hime_cut) Historical Christian hairstyles (/wiki/Historical_Christian_hairstyles) Hi-top fade (/wiki/Hi-top_fade) Induction cut (/wiki/Induction_cut) Ivy League, Harvard, Princeton cut (/wiki/Ivy_League_(haircut)) Japanese women (/wiki/Hairstyles_of_Japanese_women) Jewfro (/wiki/Jewfro) Jheri curl (/wiki/Jheri_curl) Kinky hair (/wiki/Kinky_hair) Kiss curl (/wiki/Kiss_curl) Laid edges (/wiki/Laid_edges) Layered hair (/wiki/Layered_hair) Liberty spikes (/wiki/Liberty_spikes) Long hair (/wiki/Long_hair) Lob cut (/wiki/Lob_(haircut)) Lovelock (/wiki/Lovelock_(hair)) Marcelling (/wiki/Marcelling) Mod cut (/wiki/Wings_(haircut)) Mohawk (/wiki/Mohawk_hairstyle) Mullet (/wiki/Mullet_(haircut)) 1950s (/wiki/Hairstyles_in_the_1950s) 1980s (/wiki/Hairstyles_in_the_1980s) Pageboy (/wiki/Pageboy) Part (/wiki/Part_(haircut)) Payot (/wiki/Payot) Pigtail (/wiki/Pigtail) Pixie cut (/wiki/Pixie_cut) Pompadour (/wiki/Pompadour_(hairstyle)) Ponytail (/wiki/Ponytail) Punch perm (/wiki/Punch_perm) Professional cut (/wiki/Regular_haircut) Queue (/wiki/Queue_(hairstyle)) Quiff (/wiki/Quiff) Rattail (/wiki/Rattail_(hairstyle)) Razor cut (/wiki/Razor_cut) Regular haircut (/wiki/Regular_haircut) Ringlets (/wiki/Ringlet_(haircut)) Shag (/wiki/Shag_(haircut)) Shape-up (/wiki/Shape-up) Shikha (/wiki/Shikha_(hairstyle)) Shimada (/wiki/Shimada_(hairstyle)) Short back and sides (/wiki/Regular_haircut) Short brush cut (/wiki/Brush_cut) Short hair (/wiki/Short_hair) Spiky hair (/wiki/Liberty_spikes) Straight hair (/wiki/Straight_hair) Standard haircut (/wiki/Regular_haircut) Step cut (/wiki/Step_cutting) Surfer hair (/wiki/Surfer_hair) Taper cut (/wiki/Regular_haircut) Temple fade (/wiki/Temple_fade_(hairstyle)) Titus cut (/wiki/Titus_cut) Tonsure (/wiki/Tonsure) Updo (/wiki/Updo) Undercut (/wiki/Undercut_(hairstyle)) Victory rolls (/wiki/Victory_rolls) Waves (/wiki/Waves_(hairstyle)) Widow's peak (/wiki/Widow%27s_peak) Wings (/wiki/Wings_(haircut)) Facial hair (/wiki/Facial_hair) ( list (/wiki/List_of_facial_hairstyles) ) Beard (/wiki/Beard) Chinstrap (/wiki/Chinstrap_beard) Goatee (/wiki/Goatee) Ned Kelly (/wiki/Ned_Kelly_beard) Shenandoah (/wiki/Shenandoah_(beard)) Soul patch (/wiki/Soul_patch) Van Dyke (/wiki/Van_Dyke_beard) Moustache (/wiki/Moustache) Fu Manchu (/wiki/Fu_Manchu_moustache) handlebar (/wiki/Handlebar_moustache) horseshoe (/wiki/Horseshoe_moustache) pencil (/wiki/Pencil_moustache) toothbrush (/wiki/Toothbrush_moustache) walrus (/wiki/Walrus_moustache) Designer stubble (/wiki/Designer_stubble) Sideburns (/wiki/Sideburns) Hair subtraction cosmetic Removal (/wiki/Hair_removal) waxing (/wiki/Waxing) threading (/wiki/Threading_(epilation)) plucking (/wiki/Plucking_(hair_removal)) chemical (/wiki/Chemical_depilatory) electric (/wiki/Electrology) laser (/wiki/Laser_hair_removal) IPL (/wiki/Intense_pulsed_light) Shaving (/wiki/Shaving) head (/wiki/Head_shaving) leg (/wiki/Leg_shaving) cream (/wiki/Shaving_cream) brush (/wiki/Shaving_brush) soap (/wiki/Shaving_soap) Razor (/wiki/Razor) electric (/wiki/Electric_shaver) safety (/wiki/Safety_razor) straight (/wiki/Straight_razor) disorders Alopecia (/wiki/Hair_loss) areata (/wiki/Alopecia_areata) totalis (/wiki/Alopecia_totalis) universalis (/wiki/Alopecia_universalis) Frictional alopecia (/wiki/Frictional_alopecia) Pattern hair loss (/wiki/Pattern_hair_loss) Hypertrichosis (/wiki/Hypertrichosis) Management (/wiki/Management_of_hair_loss) Trichophilia (/wiki/Trichophilia) Trichotillomania (/wiki/Trichotillomania) Pogonophobia (/wiki/Pogonophobia) Haircare products Brush (/wiki/Hairbrush) Clay (/wiki/Hair_clay) Clipper (/wiki/Hair_clipper) Comb (/wiki/Comb) Conditioner (/wiki/Hair_conditioner) Dryer (/wiki/Hair_dryer) Gel (/wiki/Hair_gel) Hairstyling products (/wiki/Hairstyling_product) Hot comb (/wiki/Hot_comb) Iron (/wiki/Hair_iron) Mousse (/wiki/Hair_mousse) Pomade (/wiki/Pomade) Relaxer (/wiki/Relaxer) Rollers (/wiki/Hair_roller) Shampoo (/wiki/Shampoo) Spray (/wiki/Hair_spray) Volumizer (/wiki/Hair_volumizer) Wax (/wiki/Hair_wax) Haircare techniques Backcombing (/wiki/Backcombing) Hair coloring (/wiki/Hair_coloring) Crimping (/wiki/Hair_crimping) Curly Girl Method (/wiki/Curly_Girl_Method) Hair cutting (/wiki/Hair_cutting) Perm (/wiki/Perm_(hairstyle)) Shampoo and set (/wiki/Shampoo_and_set) Straightening (/wiki/Hair_straightening) Health and medical Greying of hair (/wiki/Greying_of_hair) Hair follicle (/wiki/Hair_follicle) Hair growth (/wiki/Human_hair_growth) Trichology (/wiki/Trichology) Related Andre Walker Hair Typing System (/wiki/Andre_Walker_Hair_Typing_System) Beard and haircut laws by country (/wiki/Beard_and_haircut_laws_by_country) Bearded lady (/wiki/Bearded_lady) Barber (/wiki/Barber) ( pole (/wiki/Barber%27s_pole) ) Eponymous hairstyle (/wiki/Eponymous_hairstyle) Frizz Good hair (/wiki/Good_hair) Hairdresser (/wiki/Hairdresser) list (/wiki/List_of_hairdressers) Hair fetishism (/wiki/Hair_fetishism) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐4hrdk Cached time: 20240720164829 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.330 seconds Real time usage: 0.420 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1227/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 51645/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 912/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 55413/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.191/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4958933/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 332.702 1 -total 32.63% 108.544 1 Template:Reflist 27.39% 91.119 8 Template:Cite_web 23.06% 76.731 3 Template:Navbox 23.03% 76.618 1 Template:Human_hair 17.92% 59.624 1 Template:Short_description 10.06% 33.465 2 Template:Pagetype 9.43% 31.370 1 Template:Commons_category 8.87% 29.509 1 Template:Sister_project 8.46% 28.139 1 Template:Side_box Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:52079694-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720164829 and revision id 1175028368. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frizz&oldid=1175028368 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frizz&oldid=1175028368) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Hairdressing (/wiki/Category:Hairdressing) Hairstyles (/wiki/Category:Hairstyles) Human hair (/wiki/Category:Human_hair) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata)
Italian sportswear and footwear manufacturing company For the beetle genus, see Diadora (beetle) (/wiki/Diadora_(beetle)) . Diadora Company type Subsidiary Industry Sports equipment Founded 1948 ; 76 years ago ( 1948 ) Founder Marcello Danieli Headquarters Caerano di San Marco (/wiki/Caerano_di_San_Marco) , Veneto (/wiki/Veneto) , Italy Area served Worldwide Key people Enrico Moretti Polegato Products Sportswear (/wiki/Sportswear) , footwear (/wiki/Footwear) Owner Geox S.p.A. (/wiki/Geox) Website diadora.com (https://www.diadora.com/) Diadora is an Italian sportswear and footwear (/wiki/Footwear) manufacturing company based in Caerano di San Marco (/wiki/Caerano_di_San_Marco) ( Veneto (/wiki/Veneto) ), subsidiary of Geox (/wiki/Geox) , founded in 1948. Diadora produces football boots (/wiki/Football_boot) and athletic shoes (/wiki/Sneakers) , as well as a range of apparel that includes t-shirts, polo shirts (/wiki/Polo_shirts) , hoodies, jackets, leggings (/wiki/Leggings) , shorts, and compression garments (/wiki/Compression_garment) . Diadora also commercializes football (/wiki/Association_football) balls (/wiki/Ball_(association_football)) in the US market. In 2020, Geox filed for bankruptcy (/wiki/Bankruptcy) in Canada. History [ edit ] Origins and development [ edit ] Diadora was founded in 1948 by Marcello Danieli. The name of the company is a likely development of de Iadera ('from Zadar (/wiki/Zadar) ', Iadera being the ancient name of the Dalmatian town). [1] (#cite_note-hist-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Danieli managed to launch his first product, mountain climbing (/wiki/Mountaineering) boots. [3] (#cite_note-3) The mid-1970s also marked Diadora's entry into the football (/wiki/Association_football) category, aided by Roberto Bettega (/wiki/Roberto_Bettega) , who provided consulting information. The company also added the tennis market signing endorsement agreements with Björn Borg (/wiki/Bj%C3%B6rn_Borg) . [1] (#cite_note-hist-1) The 1980s to 1990s [ edit ] AC Milan (/wiki/AC_Milan) striker Marco van Basten (/wiki/Marco_van_Basten) became the face of the company in the late 1980s, and launched his own personalized football boots, the San Siro Van Basten. [4] (#cite_note-4) Juventus (/wiki/Juventus) striker Roberto Baggio (/wiki/Roberto_Baggio) became the face of the company in the 1990s, and launched his own personalized football boots, the Matchwinner (https://www.footyheadlines.com/2017/07/in-honor-of-baggio-all-new-diadora-match-winner-og-k-leather-blushield-boots.html) . The 2000s [ edit ] 2000-19 [ edit ] Diadora Mythos Axeler running shoes In the early 2000s Diadora was the official kit supplier of a number of Italian football clubs, including A.S. Roma (/wiki/A.S._Roma) , between 2003 and 2007. In 2008, Diadora SpA signed a joint venture with Win Hanverky Holdings Limited, forming a new company called "Winor International Company Limited" that operates the trademark "Diadora" in China, Hong Kong (/wiki/Hong_Kong) , and Macau (/wiki/Macau) to manufacture, design, promote, distribute, and sell products bearing the brand in those countries. [5] (#cite_note-jointv-5) In June 2009, Diadora reached an agreement with Italian shoe-making company Geox (/wiki/Geox) 's founder and chairman Mario Moretti Polegato to buy its assets through his family's investment arm, LIR. [6] (#cite_note-6) 2020-present [ edit ] On September 8, 2020, Geox filed for bankruptcy (/wiki/Bankruptcy) in Canada. [7] (#cite_note-7) Since then, Diadora has sponsored a number of football clubs to provide them team uniforms (/wiki/Kit_(association_football)) , such as Norwegian Eliteserien clubs Viking FK (/wiki/Viking_FK) and FK Bodo/Glimt (/wiki/FK_Bodo/Glimt) , [8] (#cite_note-8) and I-League (/wiki/I-League) side Rangdajied United (/wiki/Rangdajied_United_FC) . [9] (#cite_note-9) References [ edit ] Tennis portal (/wiki/Portal:Tennis) Italy portal (/wiki/Portal:Italy) Company portal (/wiki/Portal:Company) ^ Jump up to: a b Empresa (https://www.diadora.com/es/ar/azienda.html) on Diadora website (in Spanish) ^ (#cite_ref-2) "The history of Diadora" (https://web.archive.org/web/20171102135950/http://www.footballshirtculture.com/History/the-history-of-diadora.html) . Football Shirt Culture. Archived from the original (http://www.footballshirtculture.com/History/the-history-of-diadora.html) on 2 November 2017 . Retrieved 30 April 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "History" (https://web.archive.org/web/20080704074306/http://diadoraamerica.com/history.html) . Diadora America. Archived from the original (http://www.diadoraamerica.com/history.html) on 4 July 2008 . Retrieved 7 August 2008 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "1980s Diadora San Siro Van Basten" (https://web.archive.org/web/20201203065905/https://footballcollectorsitems.com/football-boots/1980s-diadora-san-siro-van-basten-football-boots.html) . Football Collectors Items.com. Archived from the original (https://footballcollectorsitems.com/football-boots/1980s-diadora-san-siro-van-basten-football-boots.html) on 3 December 2020 . Retrieved 26 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-jointv_5-0) "Win Hanverky Forms Joint Venture Asserts Ownership of DIADORA Brand in the PRC, Hong Kong and Macau Market" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110718063320/http://www.winhanverky.com/UserFiles/File/Appendix%20E_eng.pdf) (PDF) (Press release). Win Hanverky. 7 April 2008. Archived from the original (http://www.winhanverky.com/UserFiles/File/Appendix%20E_eng.pdf) (PDF) on 18 July 2011 . Retrieved 13 May 2008 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Pagano, Margareta (21 June 2009). "Geox billionaire steps into Diadora" (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/sole-searching-geox-billionaire-steps-into-diadora-1711250.html) . The Independent . London . Retrieved 10 July 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Geox files for bankruptcy in Canada" (https://toronto.citynews.ca/2020/10/23/le-chateau-files-for-bankruptcy-plans-to-close-its-doors/#:~:text=Sept.%208%3A%20Geox%20Canada%20Inc.%20(footwear%20retailer)) . 23 October 2020 . Retrieved 28 January 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Jorginho could switch to Diadora?" (https://www.nssmag.com/en/article/27859) . nss magazine . Retrieved 12 January 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Rangdajied United profile (https://m.facebook.com/profile.php?id=498470823532859) Facebook.com . Retrieved 30 June 2021 External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Diadora (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Diadora) . Official website (https://www.diadora.com/) v t e Sports equipment (/wiki/Sports_equipment) brands This list includes companies that produce sports equipment. List by sport include only current products manufactured Multi-sports Acerbis (/wiki/Acerbis) Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) Admiral (/wiki/Admiral_Sportswear) AFA (/wiki/AFA_Sports) Alpine Pro (/wiki/Alpine_Pro) Anta (/wiki/Anta_Sports) Arc'teryx (/wiki/Arc%27teryx) Asics (/wiki/Asics) Atletica (/wiki/Atletica) BLK (/wiki/BLK_(sportswear)) Burley-Sekem (/wiki/Burley-Sekem) Castore (/wiki/Castore) Champion (/wiki/Champion_(sportswear)) Charly (/wiki/Charly_(brand)) Classic (/wiki/Classic_Sportswear) Descente (/wiki/Descente) Diadora ERKE (/wiki/ERKE) Erreà (/wiki/Erre%C3%A0) EvoShield (/wiki/EvoShield) FBT (/wiki/FBT_(company)) Fila (/wiki/Fila) Fischer (/wiki/Fischer_(company)) 4F (/wiki/4F_(company)) Garcis (/wiki/Garcis) Givova (/wiki/Givova) Grand Sport (/wiki/Grand_Sport_Group) Grays (/wiki/Grays_International) Head (/wiki/Head_(company)) Hummel (/wiki/Hummel_International) ISC (/wiki/ISC_(sportswear)) Jako (/wiki/Jako) Joma (/wiki/Joma) Kappa (/wiki/Kappa_(brand)) Kelme (/wiki/Kelme_(company)) Kookaburra (/wiki/Kookaburra_Sport) Le Coq Sportif (/wiki/Le_Coq_Sportif) Legea (/wiki/Legea) Li-Ning (/wiki/Li-Ning) Lotto (/wiki/Lotto_Sport_Italia) Luanvi (/wiki/Luanvi) Lululemon (/wiki/Lululemon_Athletica) Macron (/wiki/Macron_(sportswear)) Majestic (/wiki/Majestic_Athletic) Mikasa (/wiki/Mikasa_Sports) Mitchell & Ness (/wiki/Mitchell_%26_Ness) Mitre (/wiki/Mitre_Sports_International) Mizuno (/wiki/Mizuno_Corporation) Molten (/wiki/Molten_Corporation) Oakley (/wiki/Oakley,_Inc.) On (/wiki/On_(company)) NAAI (/wiki/NAAI) New Balance (/wiki/New_Balance) Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) Nivia (/wiki/Nivia_Sports) O'Neills (/wiki/O%27Neills) Peak (/wiki/Peak_Sport_Products) Penalty (/wiki/Penalty_(sports_manufacturer)) Poker (/wiki/Poker_(sports_manufacturer)) Pirma (/wiki/Pirma) Puma (/wiki/Puma_(brand)) Reebok (/wiki/Reebok) Reusch (/wiki/Reusch_(company)) Russell (/wiki/Russell_Athletic) Schutt (/wiki/Schutt_Sports) Scott (/wiki/Scott_Sports) Signia (/wiki/Signia_(sportswear)) Skins (/wiki/Skins_(sportswear)) Slazenger (/wiki/Slazenger) Sportika (/wiki/Sportika) Starter (/wiki/Starter_(clothing_line)) Topper (/wiki/Topper_(brand)) Uhlsport (/wiki/Uhlsport) Umbro (/wiki/Umbro) Under Armour (/wiki/Under_Armour) Voit (/wiki/Voit) XBlades (/wiki/XBlades) Xtep (/wiki/Xtep) Warrior (/wiki/Warrior_Sports) Warrix Sports (/wiki/Warrix_Sports) Wilson (/wiki/Wilson_Sporting_Goods) World Balance (/wiki/World_Balance) Yonex (/wiki/Yonex) 2XU (/wiki/2XU) Association football (/wiki/Association_football) Athleta (/wiki/Athleta_(company)) Bukta (/wiki/Bukta) Capelli (/wiki/Capelli_Sport) Finta (/wiki/Finta) Marathon (/wiki/Marathon_Sports) Nanque (/wiki/Nanque) Patrick (/wiki/Patrick_(sportswear_company)) Select (/wiki/Select_Sport) SIX5SIX (/wiki/SIX5SIX) Sport-Saller (/wiki/Sport-Saller) St Margaret's (/wiki/N._Corah_%26_Sons) Australian football (/wiki/Australian_rules_football) Cotton On (/wiki/Cotton_On) Sherrin (/wiki/Sherrin) Baseball (/wiki/Baseball) / softball (/wiki/Softball) DeMarini (/wiki/DeMarini) Louisville Slugger (/wiki/Hillerich_%26_Bradsby) Marucci (/wiki/Marucci_Sports) Nokona (/wiki/Nocona_Athletic_Goods_Company) Rawlings (/wiki/Rawlings_(company)) Basketball (/wiki/Basketball) AND1 (/wiki/AND1) First Ever (/wiki/First_Ever) Spalding (/wiki/Spalding_(company)) Boxing (/wiki/Boxing) Boxa (/wiki/Boxa) Everlast (/wiki/Everlast_(brand)) Lonsdale (/wiki/Lonsdale_(clothing)) Sting (/wiki/Sting_Sports) Twins Special (/wiki/Twins_Special) Cricket (/wiki/Cricket) CA (/wiki/CA_Sports) County (/wiki/Hunts_County) Dukes (/wiki/British_Cricket_Balls_Ltd) Duncan Fearnley (/wiki/Duncan_Fearnley) Gray-Nicolls (/wiki/Gray-Nicolls) Gunn & Moore (/wiki/Gunn_%26_Moore) Sanspareils Greenlands (/wiki/Sanspareils_Greenlands) Sareen (/wiki/Sareen_Sports_Industries) Stuart Surridge (/wiki/Stuart_Surridge) Cue sports (/wiki/Cue_sports) Brunswick (/wiki/Brunswick_Corporation) Parris Cues (/wiki/Parris_Cues) Riley (/wiki/Riley_(brand)) Cycling (/wiki/Cycle_sport) Bell Sports (/wiki/Bell_Sports) Castelli (/wiki/Castelli_(brand)) Giro (/wiki/Giro_(company)) Rapha (/wiki/Rapha_(sportswear)) Northwave (/wiki/Northwave) Santini SMS (/wiki/Santini_SMS) SIDI (/wiki/SIDI) Troy Lee (/wiki/Troy_Lee_Designs) Darts (/wiki/Darts) Winmau (/wiki/Winmau) Golf (/wiki/Golf) Adams (/wiki/Adams_Golf) Ashworth (/wiki/Ashworth_(clothing)) Bettinardi (/wiki/Bettinardi_Golf) Bridgestone (/wiki/Bridgestone_Golf) Callaway (/wiki/Callaway_Golf_Company) Cleveland (/wiki/Cleveland_Golf) Cobra (/wiki/Cobra_Golf) FootJoy (/wiki/FootJoy) Forgan (/wiki/Forgan_of_St_Andrews) John Letters (/wiki/John_Letters) MacGregor (/wiki/MacGregor_Golf) Maxfli (/wiki/Maxfli) OnCore (/wiki/OnCore_Golf) PXG (/wiki/Parsons_Xtreme_Golf) Penfold (/wiki/Penfold_Golf) Ping (/wiki/Ping_(golf)) Polara (/wiki/Polara_Golf) Srixon (/wiki/Srixon) TaylorMade (/wiki/TaylorMade) Titleist (/wiki/Titleist) Wilson Staff (/wiki/Wilson_Staff) Scotty Cameron (/wiki/Scotty_Cameron) Yamaha Golf (/wiki/Yamaha_Corporation) Gridiron football (/wiki/Gridiron_football) Riddell (/wiki/Riddell_Sports_Group) Handball (/wiki/Handball) Select (/wiki/Select_Sport) Ice hockey (/wiki/Ice_hockey) Bauer (/wiki/Bauer_Hockey) Canadien (/wiki/Canadien_(ice_hockey)) CCM (/wiki/CCM_(ice_hockey)) Hespeler (/wiki/Hespeler_Hockey) Itech (/wiki/Itech) Jofa (/wiki/Jofa) Koho (/wiki/Koho_(company)) Mission (/wiki/Mission_Hockey) Sher-Wood (/wiki/Sher-Wood) Titan (/wiki/Titan_(ice_hockey)) Vaughn (/wiki/Vaughn_Hockey) Martial arts (/wiki/Martial_arts) Fairtex (/wiki/Fairtex) Tapout (/wiki/Tapout_(clothing_brand)) Twins Special (/wiki/Twins_Special) Venum (/wiki/Venum) Motorsport (/wiki/Motorsport) AGV (/wiki/AGV_(helmet_manufacturer)) Alpinestars (/wiki/Alpinestars) Arai (/wiki/Arai_Helmet) Bell Sports (/wiki/Bell_Sports) Dainese (/wiki/Dainese) Momo (/wiki/Momo_(company)) Nolan (/wiki/Nolan_Helmets) OMP (/wiki/OMP_Racing) Schuberth (/wiki/Schuberth) Shark (/wiki/Shark_(helmet_manufacturer)) Shoei (/wiki/Shoei) SIDI (/wiki/SIDI) Simpson (/wiki/Simpson_Performance_Products) Sparco (/wiki/Sparco) Troy Lee (/wiki/Troy_Lee_Designs) Rugby (/wiki/Rugby_football) Canterbury (/wiki/Canterbury_of_New_Zealand) FI-TA (/wiki/FI-TA) Gilbert (/wiki/Gilbert_Rugby) LE (/wiki/Limited_Edition_Sportswear) St Margaret's (/wiki/N._Corah_%26_Sons) Steeden (/wiki/Steeden) Webb Ellis (/wiki/Webb_Ellis_(sportswear)) Running (/wiki/Running) / Hiking (/wiki/Hiking) Altra (/wiki/Altra_Running) Brooks (/wiki/Brooks_Sports) Hoka One One (/wiki/Hoka_One_One) Karhu (/wiki/Karhu_(sports_brand)) Karrimor (/wiki/Karrimor) LA Gear (/wiki/LA_Gear) Merrell (/wiki/Merrell_(company)) Olympikus (/wiki/Olympikus) Saucony (/wiki/Saucony) Skiing (/wiki/Skiing) 4FRNT (/wiki/4FRNT) Alpina (/wiki/Alpina_%C5%BDiri) Armada (/wiki/Armada_(company)) Atomic (/wiki/Atomic_Skis) Black Crows (/wiki/Black_Crows_Skis) Black Diamond (/wiki/Black_Diamond_Equipment) Blizzard (/wiki/Blizzard_Sport) Dynastar (/wiki/Dynastar) Elan (/wiki/Elan_(company)) Faction (/wiki/The_Faction_Collective) K2 (/wiki/K2_Sports) Kneissl (/wiki/Kneissl) Liberty Skis (/wiki/Liberty_Skis) Line Skis (/wiki/Line_Skis) Look Bindings (/wiki/Look_(company)) Madshus (/wiki/Madshus) Marker (/wiki/Marker_(ski_bindings)) Moment Skis (/wiki/Moment_Skis) Nordica (/wiki/Nordica_(company)) Peltonen (/wiki/Peltonen_(company)) Rossignol (/wiki/Skis_Rossignol) Salomon (/wiki/Salomon_Group) Skigo (/wiki/Skigo) Spyder (/wiki/Spyder_(ski_apparel_brand)) Swix (/wiki/Swix) Rottefella (/wiki/Rottefella) Völkl (/wiki/V%C3%B6lkl) Surf (/wiki/Surfing) Billabong (/wiki/Billabong_(clothing)) Haydenshapes (/wiki/Haydenshapes_Surfboards) Hurley (/wiki/Hurley_International) Mambo (/wiki/Mambo_Graphics) Quiksilver (/wiki/Quiksilver) Ocean Pacific (/wiki/Ocean_Pacific) O'Neill (/wiki/O%27Neill_(brand)) Oxbow (/wiki/Oxbow_(surfwear)) Rip Curl (/wiki/Rip_Curl) Swimming (/wiki/Swimming_(sport)) Arena (/wiki/Arena_(swimwear)) Speedo (/wiki/Speedo) TYR (/wiki/TYR_Sport) Zoggs (/wiki/Zoggs) Table tennis (/wiki/Table_tennis) Butterfly (/wiki/Butterfly_(brand)) Kettler (/wiki/Kettler) Killerspin (/wiki/Killerspin) Stiga Sports (/wiki/Stiga#Stiga_Sports) Tennis (/wiki/Tennis) / racket sports (/wiki/Racket_(sports_equipment)) Babolat (/wiki/Babolat) Carlton (/wiki/Carlton_Sports) Donnay (/wiki/Donnay_(sports)) Dunlop (/wiki/Dunlop_Sport) Ellesse (/wiki/Ellesse) Lacoste (/wiki/Lacoste) Prince (/wiki/Prince_Sports) ProKennex (/wiki/ProKennex) Sergio Tacchini (/wiki/Sergio_Tacchini) Snauwaert (/wiki/Snauwaert) Tecnifibre (/wiki/Tecnifibre) Volley (/wiki/Volley_(shoe)) Water polo (/wiki/Water_polo) KAP7 (/wiki/KAP7) Category (/wiki/Category:Sporting_goods_manufacturers) Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sporting_goods_manufacturers) v t e Athletic shoe (/wiki/Sneakers) brands Companies and brands Footwear-only Alpina (/wiki/Alpina_%C5%BDiri) Feiyue (/wiki/Feiyue) Gola (/wiki/Gola_(manufacturer)) Karhu (/wiki/Karhu_(sports_brand)) Keds (/wiki/Keds) Pro-Keds (/wiki/Pro-Keds) Spira (/wiki/Spira_(footwear_company)) Vibram (/wiki/Vibram) Xero Shoes (/wiki/Xero_Shoes) 361 Degrees (/wiki/361_Degrees) Footwear and apparel Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) AFA (/wiki/AFA_Sports) Airwalk (/wiki/Airwalk) Allbirds (/wiki/Allbirds) Altra (/wiki/Altra_Running) AND1 (/wiki/AND1) Anta (/wiki/Anta_Sports) Asics (/wiki/Asics) Athleta (/wiki/Athleta_(sports_manufacturer)) Atletica (/wiki/Atletica) Avia (/wiki/Avia_(shoes)) Bata (/wiki/Bata_Corporation) British Knights (/wiki/British_Knights) Brooks (/wiki/Brooks_Sports) Capelli (/wiki/Capelli_Sport) Cariuma (/wiki/Cariuma) Carlton (/wiki/Carlton_Sports) Champion (/wiki/Champion_(sportswear)) Charly (/wiki/Charly_(brand)) Columbia (/wiki/Columbia_Sportswear) Converse (/wiki/Converse_(brand)) DC Shoes (/wiki/DC_Shoes) Diadora Dunlop (/wiki/Dunlop_Sport) DVS (/wiki/DVS_Shoes) Ellesse (/wiki/Ellesse) Erke (/wiki/ERKE) Etnies (/wiki/Etnies) Everlast (/wiki/Everlast_(brand)) Fila (/wiki/Fila) Finta (/wiki/Finta) Frasers (/wiki/Frasers_Group) Gilbert (/wiki/Gilbert_Rugby) Givova (/wiki/Givova) Grays International (/wiki/Grays_International) Gray-Nicolls (/wiki/Gray-Nicolls) Head (/wiki/Head_(company)) Hoka One One (/wiki/Hoka_One_One) Hummel (/wiki/Hummel_International) Invicta (/wiki/Invicta_(company)) Jordan (/wiki/Air_Jordan) KangaRoos (/wiki/KangaRoos) Kappa (/wiki/Kappa_(brand)) Karrimor (/wiki/Karrimor) K-Swiss (/wiki/K-Swiss) LA Gear (/wiki/LA_Gear) Li-Ning (/wiki/Li-Ning) Lonsdale (/wiki/Lonsdale_(clothing)) Lotto (/wiki/Lotto_Sport_Italia) Macron (/wiki/Macron_(sportswear)) Merrell (/wiki/Merrell_(company)) Mizuno (/wiki/Mizuno_Corporation) Muddyfox (/wiki/Muddyfox) New Balance (/wiki/New_Balance) Nike, Inc. (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) North Face (/wiki/The_North_Face) On (/wiki/On_(company)) Olympikus (/wiki/Olympikus) Panam (/wiki/Panam_(brand)) Peak (/wiki/Peak_Sport_Products) Penalty (/wiki/Penalty_(sports_manufacturer)) Pirma (/wiki/Pirma) Pentland (/wiki/Pentland_Group) PF Flyers (/wiki/PF_Flyers) Pony (/wiki/Pony_International) Puma (/wiki/Puma_(brand)) Pro-Specs (/wiki/Pro-Specs) Onitsuka Tiger (/wiki/Onitsuka_Tiger) Quiksilver (/wiki/Quiksilver) Rainha (/wiki/Rainha) Reebok (/wiki/Reebok) Russell (/wiki/Russell_Athletic) Salomon (/wiki/Salomon_Group) Saucony (/wiki/Saucony) Skechers (/wiki/Skechers) Scott (/wiki/Scott_Sports) Slazenger (/wiki/Slazenger) Sole (/wiki/Sole_Technology) Spalding (/wiki/Spalding_(company)) Sperry (/wiki/Sperry_Top-Sider) Starter (/wiki/Starter_(clothing_line)) Supra (/wiki/Supra_(footwear_brand)) Topper (/wiki/Topper_(sports)) Umbro (/wiki/Umbro) Under Armour (/wiki/Under_Armour) Vans (/wiki/Vans) Veja (/wiki/Veja_(brand)) VF (/wiki/VF_Corporation) Wilson (/wiki/Wilson_Sporting_Goods) Wolverine (/wiki/Wolverine_World_Wide) World Balance (/wiki/World_Balance) XBlades (/wiki/XBlades) Xtep (/wiki/Xtep) Yonex (/wiki/Yonex) Zoo York (/wiki/Zoo_York_(company)) Types Biodegradable (/wiki/Biodegradable_athletic_footwear) Cross country (/wiki/Cross_country_running_shoe) Minimalist (/wiki/Minimalist_shoe) Skate (/wiki/Skate_shoe) Sneaker (/wiki/Sneaker) WikiMiniAtlas 45°46′52″N 12°00′33″E / 45.7812281°N 12.0092107°E / 45.7812281; 12.0092107 NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐n9p54 Cached time: 20240721114224 Cache expiry: 908258 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.566 seconds Real time usage: 0.781 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2368/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 89721/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2254/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 48909/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.364/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 15204519/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 636.649 1 -total 34.22% 217.832 1 Template:Reflist 19.83% 126.269 1 Template:Infobox_company 18.21% 115.917 1 Template:Infobox 16.47% 104.830 3 Template:Navbox 15.60% 99.312 1 Template:In_lang 15.27% 97.246 1 Template:Sports_equipment_brands 13.84% 88.081 4 Template:Cite_web 9.33% 59.396 1 Template:Short_description 5.73% 36.452 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:2341138-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721114224 and revision id 1234542461. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diadora&oldid=1234542461 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diadora&oldid=1234542461) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Geox (/wiki/Category:Geox) Athletic shoe brands (/wiki/Category:Athletic_shoe_brands) Clothing companies established in 1948 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1948) Sporting goods manufacturers of Italy (/wiki/Category:Sporting_goods_manufacturers_of_Italy) Italian brands (/wiki/Category:Italian_brands) Sportswear brands (/wiki/Category:Sportswear_brands) Privately held companies of Italy (/wiki/Category:Privately_held_companies_of_Italy) Italian companies established in 1948 (/wiki/Category:Italian_companies_established_in_1948) Textile industry of Italy (/wiki/Category:Textile_industry_of_Italy) Shoe brands (/wiki/Category:Shoe_brands) Shoe companies of Italy (/wiki/Category:Shoe_companies_of_Italy) Companies based in Veneto (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Veneto) 1980s fashion (/wiki/Category:1980s_fashion) 1990s fashion (/wiki/Category:1990s_fashion) 2000s fashion (/wiki/Category:2000s_fashion) 2010s fashion (/wiki/Category:2010s_fashion) Companies that have filed for bankruptcy in Canada (/wiki/Category:Companies_that_have_filed_for_bankruptcy_in_Canada) Hidden categories: Articles with Spanish-language sources (es) (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Spanish-language_sources_(es)) Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas (/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from April 2021 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2021) Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata) Coordinates on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata)
< Template:Portal (/wiki/Template:Portal) ‎ \| doc (/wiki/Template:Portal/doc) 1920s portal (/wiki/Portal:1920s) 1930s portal (/wiki/Portal:1930s) 1940s portal (/wiki/Portal:1940s) 1950s portal (/wiki/Portal:1950s) 1960s portal (/wiki/Portal:1960s) 1970s portal (/wiki/Portal:1970s) 1980s portal (/wiki/Portal:1980s) 1990s portal (/wiki/Portal:1990s) 2000s portal (/wiki/Portal:2000s) 2010s portal (/wiki/Portal:2010s) 20th century studios portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:20th_century_studios&action=edit&redlink=1) Abkhazia portal (/wiki/Portal:Abkhazia) Abu dhabi portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Abu_dhabi&action=edit&redlink=1) Aerospace biography portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Aerospace_biography&action=edit&redlink=1) Afghanistan portal (/wiki/Portal:Afghanistan) Africa portal (/wiki/Portal:Africa) African cinema portal (/wiki/Portal:African_cinema) African diaspora portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:African_diaspora&action=edit&redlink=1) Agriculture portal (/wiki/Portal:Agriculture) Agropedia portal (/wiki/Portal:Agropedia) Ajman portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ajman&action=edit&redlink=1) Alabama portal (/wiki/Portal:Alabama) Alaska portal (/wiki/Portal:Alaska) Albania portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Albania&action=edit&redlink=1) Albemarle county portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Albemarle_county&action=edit&redlink=1) Alberta portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Alberta&action=edit&redlink=1) Algae portal (/wiki/Portal:Algae) Algeria portal (/wiki/Portal:Algeria) Alpine rhine portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Alpine_rhine&action=edit&redlink=1) Alps portal (/wiki/Portal:Alps) American animation portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:American_animation&action=edit&redlink=1) American cinema portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:American_cinema&action=edit&redlink=1) American civil war portal (/wiki/Portal:American_civil_war) American football portal (/wiki/Portal:American_football) American football league portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:American_football_league&action=edit&redlink=1) American music portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:American_music&action=edit&redlink=1) American old west portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:American_old_west&action=edit&redlink=1) American open wheel racing portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:American_open_wheel_racing&action=edit&redlink=1) American revolutionary war portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:American_revolutionary_war&action=edit&redlink=1) American samoa portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:American_samoa&action=edit&redlink=1) American television portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:American_television&action=edit&redlink=1) Americas portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Americas&action=edit&redlink=1) Amiga portal (/wiki/Portal:Amiga) Amphibians portal (/wiki/Portal:Amphibians) Amusement parks portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Amusement_parks&action=edit&redlink=1) Anarchism portal (/wiki/Portal:Anarchism) Anatomy portal (/wiki/Portal:Anatomy) Ancient egypt portal (/wiki/Portal:Ancient_egypt) Ancient greece portal (/wiki/Portal:Ancient_greece) Ancient japan portal (/wiki/Portal:Ancient_japan) Ancient near east portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ancient_near_east&action=edit&redlink=1) Ancient rome portal (/wiki/Portal:Ancient_rome) Andaman and nicobar islands portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Andaman_and_nicobar_islands&action=edit&redlink=1) Andes portal (/wiki/Portal:Andes) Andhra pradesh portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Andhra_pradesh&action=edit&redlink=1) Andorra portal (/wiki/Portal:Andorra) Andorra la vella portal (/wiki/Portal:Andorra_la_vella) Anglo-saxon england portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Anglo-saxon_england&action=edit&redlink=1) Angola portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Angola&action=edit&redlink=1) Anguilla portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Anguilla&action=edit&redlink=1) Animals portal (/wiki/Portal:Animals) Animation portal (/wiki/Portal:Animation) Anime and manga portal (/wiki/Portal:Anime_and_manga) Antarctica portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Antarctica&action=edit&redlink=1) Antigua and barbuda portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Antigua_and_barbuda&action=edit&redlink=1) Appalachia portal (/wiki/Portal:Appalachia) Applied science portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Applied_science&action=edit&redlink=1) Arab world portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Arab_world&action=edit&redlink=1) Arabic language portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Arabic_language&action=edit&redlink=1) Archaeology portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Archaeology&action=edit&redlink=1) Architecture portal (/wiki/Portal:Architecture) Arctic portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Arctic&action=edit&redlink=1) Argentina portal (/wiki/Portal:Argentina) Arithmetic portal (/wiki/Portal:Arithmetic) Arizona portal (/wiki/Portal:Arizona) Arkansas portal (/wiki/Portal:Arkansas) Armenia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Armenia&action=edit&redlink=1) Art portal (/wiki/Portal:Art) Arthropods portal (/wiki/Portal:Arthropods) Artsakh portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Artsakh&action=edit&redlink=1) Aruba portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Aruba&action=edit&redlink=1) Arunachal pradesh portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Arunachal_pradesh&action=edit&redlink=1) Asia portal (/wiki/Portal:Asia) Assam portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Assam&action=edit&redlink=1) Association football portal (/wiki/Portal:Association_football) Assyrians portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Assyrians&action=edit&redlink=1) Astronomy portal (/wiki/Portal:Astronomy) Athletics portal (/wiki/Portal:Athletics) Atlanta portal (/wiki/Portal:Atlanta) Atlas portal (/wiki/Portal:Atlas) Australia portal (/wiki/Portal:Australia) Australian capital territory portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Australian_capital_territory&action=edit&redlink=1) Australian roads portal (/wiki/Portal:Australian_roads) Australian rules football portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Australian_rules_football&action=edit&redlink=1) Austria portal (/wiki/Portal:Austria) Austria-hungary portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Austria-hungary&action=edit&redlink=1) Aviation portal (/wiki/Portal:Aviation) Azad kashmir portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Azad_kashmir&action=edit&redlink=1) Azerbaijan portal (/wiki/Portal:Azerbaijan) Babism portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Babism&action=edit&redlink=1) Baden-württemberg portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Baden-w%C3%BCrttemberg&action=edit&redlink=1) Badminton portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Badminton&action=edit&redlink=1) Bahrain portal (/wiki/Portal:Bahrain) Balochistan, pakistan portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Balochistan,_pakistan&action=edit&redlink=1) Baltic states portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Baltic_states&action=edit&redlink=1) Baltimore portal (/wiki/Portal:Baltimore) Bangalore portal (/wiki/Portal:Bangalore) Bangladesh portal (/wiki/Portal:Bangladesh) Banks portal (/wiki/Portal:Banks) Barbados portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Barbados&action=edit&redlink=1) Baseball portal (/wiki/Portal:Baseball) Basketball portal (/wiki/Portal:Basketball) Battleships portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Battleships&action=edit&redlink=1) Bavaria portal (/wiki/Portal:Bavaria) Bbc portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bbc&action=edit&redlink=1) Beer portal (/wiki/Portal:Beer) Belarus portal (/wiki/Portal:Belarus) Belgium portal (/wiki/Portal:Belgium) Belize portal (/wiki/Portal:Belize) Benin portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Benin&action=edit&redlink=1) Berkshire portal (/wiki/Portal:Berkshire) Berlin portal (/wiki/Portal:Berlin) Bermuda portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bermuda&action=edit&redlink=1) Bhutan portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bhutan&action=edit&redlink=1) Bible portal (/wiki/Portal:Bible) Bihar portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bihar&action=edit&redlink=1) Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Biology portal (/wiki/Portal:Biology) Birds portal (/wiki/Portal:Birds) Blues portal (/wiki/Portal:Blues) Bohemia portal (/wiki/Portal:Bohemia) Bolivia portal (/wiki/Portal:Bolivia) Bonaire portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bonaire&action=edit&redlink=1) Books portal (/wiki/Portal:Books) Bosnia and herzegovina portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bosnia_and_herzegovina&action=edit&redlink=1) Boston portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Boston&action=edit&redlink=1) Botany portal (/wiki/Portal:Botany) Botswana portal (/wiki/Portal:Botswana) Brandenburg portal (/wiki/Portal:Brandenburg) Brazil portal (/wiki/Portal:Brazil) Brigham young university portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Brigham_young_university&action=edit&redlink=1) Bristol portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Bristol&action=edit&redlink=1) British columbia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:British_columbia&action=edit&redlink=1) British empire portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:British_empire&action=edit&redlink=1) British indian ocean territory portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:British_indian_ocean_territory&action=edit&redlink=1) British virgin islands portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:British_virgin_islands&action=edit&redlink=1) Brunei portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Brunei&action=edit&redlink=1) Buddhism portal (/wiki/Portal:Buddhism) Bulgaria portal (/wiki/Portal:Bulgaria) Burkina faso portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Burkina_faso&action=edit&redlink=1) Burundi portal (/wiki/Portal:Burundi) Buses portal (/wiki/Portal:Buses) Business and economics portal (/wiki/Portal:Business_and_economics) Byzantine empire portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Byzantine_empire&action=edit&redlink=1) California portal (/wiki/Portal:California) California delta portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:California_delta&action=edit&redlink=1) California roads portal (/wiki/Portal:California_roads) California state university portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:California_state_university&action=edit&redlink=1) Cambodia portal (/wiki/Portal:Cambodia) Cameroon portal (/wiki/Portal:Cameroon) Canada portal (/wiki/Portal:Canada) Canadian communities portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Canadian_communities&action=edit&redlink=1) Canadian football portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Canadian_football&action=edit&redlink=1) Canadian law portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Canadian_law&action=edit&redlink=1) Canadian territories portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Canadian_territories&action=edit&redlink=1) Canary islands portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Canary_islands&action=edit&redlink=1) Cannabis portal (/wiki/Portal:Cannabis) Cape cod and the islands portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cape_cod_and_the_islands&action=edit&redlink=1) Cape verde portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cape_verde&action=edit&redlink=1) Capital district portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Capital_district&action=edit&redlink=1) Capitalism portal (/wiki/Portal:Capitalism) Caribbean portal (/wiki/Portal:Caribbean) Caribbean community portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Caribbean_community&action=edit&redlink=1) Cars portal (/wiki/Portal:Cars) Cartoon portal (/wiki/Portal:Cartoon) Cartoon network portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cartoon_network&action=edit&redlink=1) Catalan-speaking countries portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Catalan-speaking_countries&action=edit&redlink=1) Catholic church portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Catholic_church&action=edit&redlink=1) Cats portal (/wiki/Portal:Cats) Cayman islands portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cayman_islands&action=edit&redlink=1) Celts portal (/wiki/Portal:Celts) Central african republic portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Central_african_republic&action=edit&redlink=1) Central america portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Central_america&action=edit&redlink=1) Central asia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Central_asia&action=edit&redlink=1) Cetaceans portal (/wiki/Portal:Cetaceans) Chad portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Chad&action=edit&redlink=1) Chandigarh portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Chandigarh&action=edit&redlink=1) Channel islands portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Channel_islands&action=edit&redlink=1) Chemistry portal (/wiki/Portal:Chemistry) Chennai portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Chennai&action=edit&redlink=1) Cheshire portal (/wiki/Portal:Cheshire) Chess portal (/wiki/Portal:Chess) Chhattisgarh portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Chhattisgarh&action=edit&redlink=1) Chicago portal (/wiki/Portal:Chicago) Children's literature portal (/wiki/Portal:Children%27s_literature) Chile portal (/wiki/Portal:Chile) China portal (/wiki/Portal:China) Christianity portal (/wiki/Portal:Christianity) Christianity in india portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christianity_in_india&action=edit&redlink=1) Christmas portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christmas&action=edit&redlink=1) Christmas island portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Christmas_island&action=edit&redlink=1) Cities portal (/wiki/Portal:Cities) Civil rights movement portal (/wiki/Portal:Civil_rights_movement) Civilizations portal (/wiki/Portal:Civilizations) Clans of scotland portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Clans_of_scotland&action=edit&redlink=1) Classical music portal (/wiki/Portal:Classical_music) Classical tamil portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Classical_tamil&action=edit&redlink=1) Climate change portal (/wiki/Portal:Climate_change) Climbing portal (/wiki/Portal:Climbing) Clothing portal (/wiki/Portal:Clothing) Cocos (keeling) islands portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cocos_(keeling)_islands&action=edit&redlink=1) Coffee portal (/wiki/Portal:Coffee) College basketball portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:College_basketball&action=edit&redlink=1) College football portal (/wiki/Portal:College_football) Colombia portal (/wiki/Portal:Colombia) Colorado portal (/wiki/Portal:Colorado) Comedy portal (/wiki/Portal:Comedy) Comics portal (/wiki/Portal:Comics) Communism portal (/wiki/Portal:Communism) Community portal (/wiki/Portal:Community) Comoros portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Comoros&action=edit&redlink=1) Companies portal (/wiki/Portal:Companies) Computer programming portal (/wiki/Portal:Computer_programming) Computer science portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Computer_science&action=edit&redlink=1) Connecticut portal (/wiki/Portal:Connecticut) Conservatism portal (/wiki/Portal:Conservatism) Constructed languages portal (/wiki/Portal:Constructed_languages) Contents portal (/wiki/Portal:Contents) Contents/indexes portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/indexes&action=edit&redlink=1) Contents/lists portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/lists&action=edit&redlink=1) Contents/outlines portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Contents/outlines&action=edit&redlink=1) Cook islands portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cook_islands&action=edit&redlink=1) Cooking portal (/wiki/Portal:Cooking) Cornwall portal (/wiki/Portal:Cornwall) Cosmology portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cosmology&action=edit&redlink=1) Costa rica portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Costa_rica&action=edit&redlink=1) Countries portal (/wiki/Portal:Countries) County kilkenny portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:County_kilkenny&action=edit&redlink=1) Covid-19 portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Covid-19&action=edit&redlink=1) Cretaceous portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cretaceous&action=edit&redlink=1) Cricket portal (/wiki/Portal:Cricket) Criminal justice portal (/wiki/Portal:Criminal_justice) Croatia portal (/wiki/Portal:Croatia) Crustaceans portal (/wiki/Portal:Crustaceans) Cuba portal (/wiki/Portal:Cuba) Cue sports portal (/wiki/Portal:Cue_sports) Cumbria portal (/wiki/Portal:Cumbria) Curaçao portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Cura%C3%A7ao&action=edit&redlink=1) Current events portal (/wiki/Portal:Current_events) Current events/turkey portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Current_events/turkey&action=edit&redlink=1) Cyprus portal (/wiki/Portal:Cyprus) Czech republic portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Czech_republic&action=edit&redlink=1) Côte d'ivoire portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:C%C3%B4te_d%27ivoire&action=edit&redlink=1) Dacia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Dacia&action=edit&redlink=1) Dadra and nagar haveli portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Dadra_and_nagar_haveli&action=edit&redlink=1) Daman and diu portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Daman_and_diu&action=edit&redlink=1) Delaware portal (/wiki/Portal:Delaware) Delhi portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Delhi&action=edit&redlink=1) Democratic republic of the congo portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Democratic_republic_of_the_congo&action=edit&redlink=1) Denmark portal (/wiki/Portal:Denmark) Derbyshire portal (/wiki/Portal:Derbyshire) Deserts portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Deserts&action=edit&redlink=1) Devon portal (/wiki/Portal:Devon) Devonian portal (/wiki/Portal:Devonian) Dinosaurs portal (/wiki/Portal:Dinosaurs) Disney portal (/wiki/Portal:Disney) District of columbia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:District_of_columbia&action=edit&redlink=1) Djibouti portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1) Doctor who portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Doctor_who&action=edit&redlink=1) Dogs portal (/wiki/Portal:Dogs) Dominica portal (/wiki/Portal:Dominica) Dominican republic portal (/wiki/Portal:Dominican_republic) Dragon ball portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Dragon_ball&action=edit&redlink=1) Dravidian languages portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Dravidian_languages&action=edit&redlink=1) Drink portal (/wiki/Portal:Drink) Dubai portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Dubai&action=edit&redlink=1) Dungeons & dragons portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Dungeons_%26_dragons&action=edit&redlink=1) Dutch portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Dutch&action=edit&redlink=1) Earth sciences portal (/wiki/Portal:Earth_sciences) Earthquakes portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Earthquakes&action=edit&redlink=1) East asia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:East_asia&action=edit&redlink=1) East germany portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:East_germany&action=edit&redlink=1) East sussex portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:East_sussex&action=edit&redlink=1) East timor portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:East_timor&action=edit&redlink=1) Eastern europe portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Eastern_europe&action=edit&redlink=1) Ecology portal (/wiki/Portal:Ecology) Ecuador portal (/wiki/Portal:Ecuador) Ed, edd n eddy portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ed,_edd_n_eddy&action=edit&redlink=1) Edinburgh portal (/wiki/Portal:Edinburgh) Education portal (/wiki/Portal:Education) Education in india portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Education_in_india&action=edit&redlink=1) Egypt portal (/wiki/Portal:Egypt) Eifel portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Eifel&action=edit&redlink=1) El salvador portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:El_salvador&action=edit&redlink=1) Electoral districts in canada portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Electoral_districts_in_canada&action=edit&redlink=1) Electronics portal (/wiki/Portal:Electronics) Energy portal (/wiki/Portal:Energy) Engineering portal (/wiki/Portal:Engineering) England portal (/wiki/Portal:England) English football portal (/wiki/Portal:English_football) English language portal (/wiki/Portal:English_language) English law portal (/wiki/Portal:English_law) Entomology portal (/wiki/Portal:Entomology) Environment portal (/wiki/Portal:Environment) Equatorial guinea portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Equatorial_guinea&action=edit&redlink=1) Eritrea portal (/wiki/Portal:Eritrea) Erotica and pornography portal (/wiki/Portal:Erotica_and_pornography) Estonia portal (/wiki/Portal:Estonia) Eswatini portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Eswatini&action=edit&redlink=1) Ethiopia portal (/wiki/Portal:Ethiopia) Eurasia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Eurasia&action=edit&redlink=1) Europe portal (/wiki/Portal:Europe) European military history portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:European_military_history&action=edit&redlink=1) European union portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:European_union&action=edit&redlink=1) Eurovision song contest portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Eurovision_song_contest&action=edit&redlink=1) Evangelical christianity portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Evangelical_christianity&action=edit&redlink=1) Evangelion portal (/wiki/Portal:Evangelion) Evolutionary biology portal (/wiki/Portal:Evolutionary_biology) Extinct and endangered species portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Extinct_and_endangered_species&action=edit&redlink=1) Extraterrestrial portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Extraterrestrial&action=edit&redlink=1) Falkland islands portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Falkland_islands&action=edit&redlink=1) Faroe islands portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Faroe_islands&action=edit&redlink=1) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Fatimid caliphate portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Fatimid_caliphate&action=edit&redlink=1) Fbi portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Fbi&action=edit&redlink=1) Federated states of micronesia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Federated_states_of_micronesia&action=edit&redlink=1) Feminism portal (/wiki/Portal:Feminism) Fiji portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Fiji&action=edit&redlink=1) Film portal (/wiki/Portal:Film) Finland portal (/wiki/Portal:Finland) First nations portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:First_nations&action=edit&redlink=1) Fish portal (/wiki/Portal:Fish) Florida portal (/wiki/Portal:Florida) Florida international university portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Florida_international_university&action=edit&redlink=1) Food portal (/wiki/Portal:Food) Football in africa portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Football_in_africa&action=edit&redlink=1) Formula one portal (/wiki/Portal:Formula_one) France portal (/wiki/Portal:France) Franco-americans portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Franco-americans&action=edit&redlink=1) Free and open-source software portal (/wiki/Portal:Free_and_open-source_software) Freedom of speech portal (/wiki/Portal:Freedom_of_speech) Freemasonry portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Freemasonry&action=edit&redlink=1) French portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:French&action=edit&redlink=1) French africa portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:French_africa&action=edit&redlink=1) French guiana portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:French_guiana&action=edit&redlink=1) French polynesia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:French_polynesia&action=edit&redlink=1) French southern and antarctic lands portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:French_southern_and_antarctic_lands&action=edit&redlink=1) Frogs portal (/wiki/Portal:Frogs) Fujairah portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Fujairah&action=edit&redlink=1) Fungi portal (/wiki/Portal:Fungi) Gabon portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Gabon&action=edit&redlink=1) Gaeilge portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Gaeilge&action=edit&redlink=1) Gaelic games portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Gaelic_games&action=edit&redlink=1) Game theory portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Game_theory&action=edit&redlink=1) Games portal (/wiki/Portal:Games) Gardening portal (/wiki/Portal:Gardening) Gastropods portal (/wiki/Portal:Gastropods) Gene wiki portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Gene_wiki&action=edit&redlink=1) Genocide portal (/wiki/Portal:Genocide) Geodesy portal (/wiki/Portal:Geodesy) Geographical coordinates portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Geographical_coordinates&action=edit&redlink=1) Geography portal (/wiki/Portal:Geography) Geography of india portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Geography_of_india&action=edit&redlink=1) Geology portal (/wiki/Portal:Geology) Geophysics portal (/wiki/Portal:Geophysics) Georgia (country) portal (/wiki/Portal:Georgia_(country)) Georgia (u.s. state) portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Georgia_(u.s._state)&action=edit&redlink=1) German portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:German&action=edit&redlink=1) German empire portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:German_empire&action=edit&redlink=1) Germany portal (/wiki/Portal:Germany) Ghana portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ghana&action=edit&redlink=1) Gibraltar portal (/wiki/Portal:Gibraltar) Gilbert and sullivan portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Gilbert_and_sullivan&action=edit&redlink=1) Gilgit-baltistan portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Gilgit-baltistan&action=edit&redlink=1) Glaciers portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Glaciers&action=edit&redlink=1) Global warming portal (/wiki/Portal:Global_warming) Go portal (/wiki/Portal:Go) Goa portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Goa&action=edit&redlink=1) Governments of canada portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Governments_of_canada&action=edit&redlink=1) Greater los angeles portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Greater_los_angeles&action=edit&redlink=1) Greater manchester portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Greater_manchester&action=edit&redlink=1) Greece portal (/wiki/Portal:Greece) Greenland portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Greenland&action=edit&redlink=1) Grenada portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Grenada&action=edit&redlink=1) Guadeloupe portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Guadeloupe&action=edit&redlink=1) Guam portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Guam&action=edit&redlink=1) Guatemala portal (/wiki/Portal:Guatemala) Guernsey portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Guernsey&action=edit&redlink=1) Guinea portal (/wiki/Portal:Guinea) Guinea-bissau portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Guinea-bissau&action=edit&redlink=1) Gujarat portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Gujarat&action=edit&redlink=1) Guyana portal (/wiki/Portal:Guyana) Haiti portal (/wiki/Portal:Haiti) Hamburg portal (/wiki/Portal:Hamburg) Hampshire portal (/wiki/Portal:Hampshire) Haryana portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Haryana&action=edit&redlink=1) Harz portal (/wiki/Portal:Harz) Hawaii portal (/wiki/Portal:Hawaii) Help portal (/wiki/Portal:Help) Heraldry portal (/wiki/Portal:Heraldry) Heraldry and vexillology portal (/wiki/Portal:Heraldry_and_vexillology) Hertfordshire portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hertfordshire&action=edit&redlink=1) Hillary clinton portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hillary_clinton&action=edit&redlink=1) Himachal pradesh portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Himachal_pradesh&action=edit&redlink=1) Hindi cinema portal (/wiki/Portal:Hindi_cinema) Hinduism portal (/wiki/Portal:Hinduism) Hindustani portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hindustani&action=edit&redlink=1) Hip hop portal (/wiki/Portal:Hip_hop) Hisar portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hisar&action=edit&redlink=1) Hispanic and latino americans portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hispanic_and_latino_americans&action=edit&redlink=1) History portal (/wiki/Portal:History) History of science portal (/wiki/Portal:History_of_science) History of the latter day saint movement portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:History_of_the_latter_day_saint_movement&action=edit&redlink=1) Hitchhiker's guide to the galaxy portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hitchhiker%27s_guide_to_the_galaxy&action=edit&redlink=1) Holidays portal (/wiki/Portal:Holidays) Holy roman empire portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Holy_roman_empire&action=edit&redlink=1) Honduras portal (/wiki/Portal:Honduras) Hong kong portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hong_kong&action=edit&redlink=1) Horses portal (/wiki/Portal:Horses) Hotels portal (/wiki/Portal:Hotels) Housing portal (/wiki/Portal:Housing) Hudson valley portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Hudson_valley&action=edit&redlink=1) Human rights portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Human_rights&action=edit&redlink=1) Human sexuality portal (/wiki/Portal:Human_sexuality) Human–computer interaction portal (/wiki/Portal:Human%E2%80%93computer_interaction) Hungary portal (/wiki/Portal:Hungary) Hyderabad portal (/wiki/Portal:Hyderabad) Ice hockey portal (/wiki/Portal:Ice_hockey) Iceland portal (/wiki/Portal:Iceland) Idaho portal (/wiki/Portal:Idaho) Illinois portal (/wiki/Portal:Illinois) India portal (/wiki/Portal:India) Indian caste system portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_caste_system&action=edit&redlink=1) Indian cities portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_cities&action=edit&redlink=1) Indian districts portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_districts&action=edit&redlink=1) Indian economy portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_economy&action=edit&redlink=1) Indian history portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_history&action=edit&redlink=1) Indian literature portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_literature&action=edit&redlink=1) Indian maps portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_maps&action=edit&redlink=1) Indian military history portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_military_history&action=edit&redlink=1) Indian music portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_music&action=edit&redlink=1) Indian politics portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_politics&action=edit&redlink=1) Indian portals portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_portals&action=edit&redlink=1) Indian roads portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_roads&action=edit&redlink=1) Indian states portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_states&action=edit&redlink=1) Indian television portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_television&action=edit&redlink=1) Indian women portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indian_women&action=edit&redlink=1) Indiana portal (/wiki/Portal:Indiana) Indigenous languages of california portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indigenous_languages_of_california&action=edit&redlink=1) Indigenous peoples of australia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indigenous_peoples_of_australia&action=edit&redlink=1) Indigenous peoples of north america portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indigenous_peoples_of_north_america&action=edit&redlink=1) Indigenous peoples of the americas portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Indigenous_peoples_of_the_americas&action=edit&redlink=1) Indonesia portal (/wiki/Portal:Indonesia) Information technology portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Information_technology&action=edit&redlink=1) Inland empire portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Inland_empire&action=edit&redlink=1) Insects portal (/wiki/Portal:Insects) Internet portal (/wiki/Portal:Internet) Interstate highway system portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Interstate_highway_system&action=edit&redlink=1) Iowa portal (/wiki/Portal:Iowa) Iran portal (/wiki/Portal:Iran) Iraq portal (/wiki/Portal:Iraq) Ireland portal (/wiki/Portal:Ireland) Islam portal (/wiki/Portal:Islam) Islamabad portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1) Islands portal (/wiki/Portal:Islands) Isle of man portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Isle_of_man&action=edit&redlink=1) Israel portal (/wiki/Portal:Israel) Italy portal (/wiki/Portal:Italy) Jainism portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jainism&action=edit&redlink=1) Jakarta portal (/wiki/Portal:Jakarta) Jamaica portal (/wiki/Portal:Jamaica) Jammu and kashmir portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jammu_and_kashmir&action=edit&redlink=1) Japan portal (/wiki/Portal:Japan) Jazz portal (/wiki/Portal:Jazz) Jersey portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jersey&action=edit&redlink=1) Jerusalem portal (/wiki/Portal:Jerusalem) Jharkhand portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jharkhand&action=edit&redlink=1) Johnston atoll portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Johnston_atoll&action=edit&redlink=1) Jordan portal (/wiki/Portal:Jordan) Journalism portal (/wiki/Portal:Journalism) Judaism portal (/wiki/Portal:Judaism) Jupiter portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Jupiter&action=edit&redlink=1) Kansas portal (/wiki/Portal:Kansas) Karnataka portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Karnataka&action=edit&redlink=1) Kazakhstan portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Kazakhstan&action=edit&redlink=1) Kent portal (/wiki/Portal:Kent) Kentucky portal (/wiki/Portal:Kentucky) Kenya portal (/wiki/Portal:Kenya) Kerala portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Kerala&action=edit&redlink=1) Khyber pakhtunkhwa portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Khyber_pakhtunkhwa&action=edit&redlink=1) Kiribati portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Kiribati&action=edit&redlink=1) Korea portal (/wiki/Portal:Korea) Kosovo portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Kosovo&action=edit&redlink=1) Kurdish portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Kurdish&action=edit&redlink=1) Kurdistan portal (/wiki/Portal:Kurdistan) Kuwait portal (/wiki/Portal:Kuwait) Kyova region portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Kyova_region&action=edit&redlink=1) Kyrgyzstan portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&redlink=1) Lagomorpha portal (/wiki/Portal:Lagomorpha) Lagos portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lagos&action=edit&redlink=1) Lakes portal (/wiki/Portal:Lakes) Lakshadweep portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lakshadweep&action=edit&redlink=1) Lancashire portal (/wiki/Portal:Lancashire) Language portal (/wiki/Portal:Language) Laos portal (/wiki/Portal:Laos) Latin america portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Latin_america&action=edit&redlink=1) Latin american music portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Latin_american_music&action=edit&redlink=1) Latin music portal (/wiki/Portal:Latin_music) Latter day saint movement portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Latter_day_saint_movement&action=edit&redlink=1) Latvia portal (/wiki/Portal:Latvia) Law portal (/wiki/Portal:Law) Lebanon portal (/wiki/Portal:Lebanon) Led zeppelin portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Led_zeppelin&action=edit&redlink=1) Leeds portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Leeds&action=edit&redlink=1) Leibniz portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Leibniz&action=edit&redlink=1) Lemony snicket portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lemony_snicket&action=edit&redlink=1) Lesotho portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lesotho&action=edit&redlink=1) Lgbt portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lgbt&action=edit&redlink=1) Liberalism portal (/wiki/Portal:Liberalism) Liberia portal (/wiki/Portal:Liberia) Libertarianism portal (/wiki/Portal:Libertarianism) Libya portal (/wiki/Portal:Libya) Liechtenstein portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Liechtenstein&action=edit&redlink=1) Linguistics portal (/wiki/Portal:Linguistics) Linux portal (/wiki/Portal:Linux) Liquor portal (/wiki/Portal:Liquor) Lists portal (/wiki/Portal:Lists) Literature portal (/wiki/Portal:Literature) Lithuania portal (/wiki/Portal:Lithuania) Livestock portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Livestock&action=edit&redlink=1) Logic portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Logic&action=edit&redlink=1) London portal (/wiki/Portal:London) London transport portal (/wiki/Portal:London_transport) Los angeles portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Los_angeles&action=edit&redlink=1) Louisiana portal (/wiki/Portal:Louisiana) Lower saxony portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Lower_saxony&action=edit&redlink=1) Luxembourg portal (/wiki/Portal:Luxembourg) Macau portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Macau&action=edit&redlink=1) Macedonia portal (/wiki/Portal:Macedonia) Madagascar portal (/wiki/Portal:Madagascar) Madeira portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Madeira&action=edit&redlink=1) Madhya pradesh portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Madhya_pradesh&action=edit&redlink=1) Maharashtra portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Maharashtra&action=edit&redlink=1) Maine portal (/wiki/Portal:Maine) Malawi portal (/wiki/Portal:Malawi) Malaysia portal (/wiki/Portal:Malaysia) Maldives portal (/wiki/Portal:Maldives) Mali portal (/wiki/Portal:Mali) Malta portal (/wiki/Portal:Malta) Mammals portal (/wiki/Portal:Mammals) Manipur portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Manipur&action=edit&redlink=1) Manitoba portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Manitoba&action=edit&redlink=1) Maps portal (/wiki/Portal:Maps) Marine life portal (/wiki/Portal:Marine_life) Mario portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mario&action=edit&redlink=1) Marshall islands portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Marshall_islands&action=edit&redlink=1) Martial arts portal (/wiki/Portal:Martial_arts) Martinique portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Martinique&action=edit&redlink=1) Maryland portal (/wiki/Portal:Maryland) Maryland roads portal (/wiki/Portal:Maryland_roads) Massachusetts portal (/wiki/Portal:Massachusetts) Mathematics portal (/wiki/Portal:Mathematics) Mauritania portal (/wiki/Portal:Mauritania) Mauritius portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mauritius&action=edit&redlink=1) Mayotte portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mayotte&action=edit&redlink=1) Measurement portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Measurement&action=edit&redlink=1) Mecklenburg-vorpommern portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mecklenburg-vorpommern&action=edit&redlink=1) Media portal (/wiki/Portal:Media) Medicine portal (/wiki/Portal:Medicine) Meghalaya portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Meghalaya&action=edit&redlink=1) Melanesia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Melanesia&action=edit&redlink=1) Mesoamerica portal (/wiki/Portal:Mesoamerica) Mesozoic portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mesozoic&action=edit&redlink=1) Methodism portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Methodism&action=edit&redlink=1) Mexico portal (/wiki/Portal:Mexico) Michigan portal (/wiki/Portal:Michigan) Michigan highways portal (/wiki/Portal:Michigan_highways) Micronesia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Micronesia&action=edit&redlink=1) Middle ages portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Middle_ages&action=edit&redlink=1) Middle east portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Middle_east&action=edit&redlink=1) Military history portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Military_history&action=edit&redlink=1) Military history of australia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Military_history_of_australia&action=edit&redlink=1) Military history of germany portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Military_history_of_germany&action=edit&redlink=1) Minerals portal (/wiki/Portal:Minerals) Minnesota portal (/wiki/Portal:Minnesota) Mississippi portal (/wiki/Portal:Mississippi) Missouri portal (/wiki/Portal:Missouri) Mizoram portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mizoram&action=edit&redlink=1) Modern history portal (/wiki/Portal:Modern_history) Moldova portal (/wiki/Portal:Moldova) Monaco portal (/wiki/Portal:Monaco) Monarchy portal (/wiki/Portal:Monarchy) Money portal (/wiki/Portal:Money) Mongolia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mongolia&action=edit&redlink=1) Montana portal (/wiki/Portal:Montana) Montenegro portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Montenegro&action=edit&redlink=1) Monterey bay area portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Monterey_bay_area&action=edit&redlink=1) Montserrat portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Montserrat&action=edit&redlink=1) Morocco portal (/wiki/Portal:Morocco) Mountains portal (/wiki/Portal:Mountains) Mozambique portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mozambique&action=edit&redlink=1) Mumbai portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Mumbai&action=edit&redlink=1) Munich portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Munich&action=edit&redlink=1) Museums portal (/wiki/Portal:Museums) Music portal (/wiki/Portal:Music) Musical theatre portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Musical_theatre&action=edit&redlink=1) Myanmar portal (/wiki/Portal:Myanmar) Myrtle beach portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Myrtle_beach&action=edit&redlink=1) Myths portal (/wiki/Portal:Myths) Nagaland portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Nagaland&action=edit&redlink=1) Namibia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Namibia&action=edit&redlink=1) National register of historic places portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:National_register_of_historic_places&action=edit&redlink=1) Native americans portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Native_americans&action=edit&redlink=1) Nauru portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Nauru&action=edit&redlink=1) Nebraska portal (/wiki/Portal:Nebraska) Nepal portal (/wiki/Portal:Nepal) Netherlands portal (/wiki/Portal:Netherlands) Netherlands antilles portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Netherlands_antilles&action=edit&redlink=1) Neuroscience portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Neuroscience&action=edit&redlink=1) Nevada portal (/wiki/Portal:Nevada) New brunswick portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_brunswick&action=edit&redlink=1) New caledonia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_caledonia&action=edit&redlink=1) New england portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_england&action=edit&redlink=1) New guinea portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_guinea&action=edit&redlink=1) New hampshire portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_hampshire&action=edit&redlink=1) New jersey portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_jersey&action=edit&redlink=1) New mexico portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_mexico&action=edit&redlink=1) New south wales portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_south_wales&action=edit&redlink=1) New york (state) portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_york_(state)&action=edit&redlink=1) New york city portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_york_city&action=edit&redlink=1) New zealand portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:New_zealand&action=edit&redlink=1) Newfoundland and labrador portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Newfoundland_and_labrador&action=edit&redlink=1) Nicaragua portal (/wiki/Portal:Nicaragua) Niger portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Niger&action=edit&redlink=1) Nigeria portal (/wiki/Portal:Nigeria) Nintendo portal (/wiki/Portal:Nintendo) Niue portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Niue&action=edit&redlink=1) Norfolk island portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Norfolk_island&action=edit&redlink=1) Normandy portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Normandy&action=edit&redlink=1) North america portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:North_america&action=edit&redlink=1) North carolina portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:North_carolina&action=edit&redlink=1) North dakota portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:North_dakota&action=edit&redlink=1) North east england portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:North_east_england&action=edit&redlink=1) North korea portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:North_korea&action=edit&redlink=1) North macedonia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:North_macedonia&action=edit&redlink=1) North rhine-westphalia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:North_rhine-westphalia&action=edit&redlink=1) North west england portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:North_west_england&action=edit&redlink=1) Northern ireland portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Northern_ireland&action=edit&redlink=1) Northern mariana islands portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Northern_mariana_islands&action=edit&redlink=1) Northern territory portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Northern_territory&action=edit&redlink=1) Northwest territories portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Northwest_territories&action=edit&redlink=1) Norway portal (/wiki/Portal:Norway) Nova scotia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Nova_scotia&action=edit&redlink=1) Novels portal (/wiki/Portal:Novels) Nuclear technology portal (/wiki/Portal:Nuclear_technology) Nudity portal (/wiki/Portal:Nudity) Numbers portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Numbers&action=edit&redlink=1) Numismatics portal (/wiki/Portal:Numismatics) Nunavut portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Nunavut&action=edit&redlink=1) Nursing portal (/wiki/Portal:Nursing) Oceania portal (/wiki/Portal:Oceania) Oceans portal (/wiki/Portal:Oceans) Odisha portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Odisha&action=edit&redlink=1) Ohio portal (/wiki/Portal:Ohio) Oklahoma portal (/wiki/Portal:Oklahoma) Olympic games portal (/wiki/Portal:Olympic_games) Oman portal (/wiki/Portal:Oman) Ontario portal (/wiki/Portal:Ontario) Opera portal (/wiki/Portal:Opera) Oregon portal (/wiki/Portal:Oregon) Organized labour portal (/wiki/Portal:Organized_labour) Osaka university portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Osaka_university&action=edit&redlink=1) Ossetian portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ossetian&action=edit&redlink=1) Ottawa portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ottawa&action=edit&redlink=1) Outlines portal (/wiki/Portal:Outlines) Oxfordshire portal (/wiki/Portal:Oxfordshire) Oz portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Oz&action=edit&redlink=1) Pacific northwest portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pacific_northwest&action=edit&redlink=1) Painting portal (/wiki/Portal:Painting) Pakistan portal (/wiki/Portal:Pakistan) Palau portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Palau&action=edit&redlink=1) Paleontology portal (/wiki/Portal:Paleontology) Paleozoic portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Paleozoic&action=edit&redlink=1) Palestine portal (/wiki/Portal:Palestine) Pan-africanism portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pan-africanism&action=edit&redlink=1) Panama portal (/wiki/Portal:Panama) Pandemics portal (/wiki/Portal:Pandemics) Papua new guinea portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Papua_new_guinea&action=edit&redlink=1) Paraguay portal (/wiki/Portal:Paraguay) Patna portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Patna&action=edit&redlink=1) Peer review portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Peer_review&action=edit&redlink=1) Pennsylvania portal (/wiki/Portal:Pennsylvania) Peru portal (/wiki/Portal:Peru) Philadelphia portal (/wiki/Portal:Philadelphia) Philately portal (/wiki/Portal:Philately) Philippines portal (/wiki/Portal:Philippines) Philosophy portal (/wiki/Portal:Philosophy) Phoenicia portal (/wiki/Portal:Phoenicia) Photography portal (/wiki/Portal:Photography) Physics portal (/wiki/Portal:Physics) Piracy portal (/wiki/Portal:Piracy) Pitcairn islands portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pitcairn_islands&action=edit&redlink=1) Pittsburgh portal (/wiki/Portal:Pittsburgh) Plants portal (/wiki/Portal:Plants) Poetry portal (/wiki/Portal:Poetry) Pokémon portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pok%C3%A9mon&action=edit&redlink=1) Poland portal (/wiki/Portal:Poland) Political science portal (/wiki/Portal:Political_science) Politics portal (/wiki/Portal:Politics) Pollution portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Pollution&action=edit&redlink=1) Polyhedra portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Polyhedra&action=edit&redlink=1) Polynesia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Polynesia&action=edit&redlink=1) Pop music portal (/wiki/Portal:Pop_music) Portal portal (/wiki/Portal:Portal) Portugal portal (/wiki/Portal:Portugal) Prehistoric mammals portal (/wiki/Portal:Prehistoric_mammals) Primates portal (/wiki/Portal:Primates) Prince edward island portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Prince_edward_island&action=edit&redlink=1) Probability portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Probability&action=edit&redlink=1) Prostitution portal (/wiki/Portal:Prostitution) Protected areas of india portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Protected_areas_of_india&action=edit&redlink=1) Prussia portal (/wiki/Portal:Prussia) Psychiatry portal (/wiki/Portal:Psychiatry) Psychology portal (/wiki/Portal:Psychology) Puducherry portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Puducherry&action=edit&redlink=1) Puerto rico portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Puerto_rico&action=edit&redlink=1) Punjab portal (/wiki/Portal:Punjab) Punjab, india portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Punjab,_india&action=edit&redlink=1) Punjab, pakistan portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Punjab,_pakistan&action=edit&redlink=1) Qatar portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1) Quebec portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Quebec&action=edit&redlink=1) Queensland portal (/wiki/Portal:Queensland) Radio portal (/wiki/Portal:Radio) Railways portal (/wiki/Portal:Railways) Rajasthan portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Rajasthan&action=edit&redlink=1) Ras al khaimah portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ras_al_khaimah&action=edit&redlink=1) Ravidassia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ravidassia&action=edit&redlink=1) Record production portal (/wiki/Portal:Record_production) Reformed christianity portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Reformed_christianity&action=edit&redlink=1) Regional portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Regional&action=edit&redlink=1) Religion portal (/wiki/Portal:Religion) Renewable energy portal (/wiki/Portal:Renewable_energy) Reptiles portal (/wiki/Portal:Reptiles) Republic of ireland portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Republic_of_ireland&action=edit&redlink=1) Republic of the congo portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Republic_of_the_congo&action=edit&redlink=1) Rhineland-palatinate portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Rhineland-palatinate&action=edit&redlink=1) Rhode island portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Rhode_island&action=edit&redlink=1) Rhythm and blues portal (/wiki/Portal:Rhythm_and_blues) Rhön portal (/wiki/Portal:Rh%C3%B6n) Rivers portal (/wiki/Portal:Rivers) Rivers state portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Rivers_state&action=edit&redlink=1) Roads portal (/wiki/Portal:Roads) Rock music portal (/wiki/Portal:Rock_music) Rocketry portal (/wiki/Portal:Rocketry) Roman catholic church portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Roman_catholic_church&action=edit&redlink=1) Romani portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Romani&action=edit&redlink=1) Romania portal (/wiki/Portal:Romania) Royal australian navy portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Royal_australian_navy&action=edit&redlink=1) Royalty portal (/wiki/Portal:Royalty) Rugby union portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Rugby_union&action=edit&redlink=1) Russia portal (/wiki/Portal:Russia) Rutgers portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Rutgers&action=edit&redlink=1) Rwanda portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Rwanda&action=edit&redlink=1) Saba portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Saba&action=edit&redlink=1) Saint barthelemy portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Saint_barthelemy&action=edit&redlink=1) Saint helena, ascension and tristan da cunha portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Saint_helena,_ascension_and_tristan_da_cunha&action=edit&redlink=1) Saint kitts and nevis portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Saint_kitts_and_nevis&action=edit&redlink=1) Saint lucia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Saint_lucia&action=edit&redlink=1) Saint martin portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Saint_martin&action=edit&redlink=1) Saint pierre and miquelon portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Saint_pierre_and_miquelon&action=edit&redlink=1) Saint vincent and the grenadines portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Saint_vincent_and_the_grenadines&action=edit&redlink=1) Saints portal (/wiki/Portal:Saints) Samoa portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Samoa&action=edit&redlink=1) San antonio portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:San_antonio&action=edit&redlink=1) San diego portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:San_diego&action=edit&redlink=1) San francisco bay area portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:San_francisco_bay_area&action=edit&redlink=1) San marino portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:San_marino&action=edit&redlink=1) Saskatchewan portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Saskatchewan&action=edit&redlink=1) Saudi arabia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Saudi_arabia&action=edit&redlink=1) Saxony portal (/wiki/Portal:Saxony) Schleswig-holstein portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Schleswig-holstein&action=edit&redlink=1) Schools portal (/wiki/Portal:Schools) Science portal (/wiki/Portal:Science) Science and academia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Science_and_academia&action=edit&redlink=1) Science fiction portal (/wiki/Portal:Science_fiction) Scotland portal (/wiki/Portal:Scotland) Scottish islands portal (/wiki/Portal:Scottish_islands) Scouting portal (/wiki/Portal:Scouting) Seamounts portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Seamounts&action=edit&redlink=1) Seattle portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Seattle&action=edit&redlink=1) Senegal portal (/wiki/Portal:Senegal) September 11 attacks portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:September_11_attacks&action=edit&redlink=1) Serbia portal (/wiki/Portal:Serbia) Seton hall university portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Seton_hall_university&action=edit&redlink=1) Severe weather portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Severe_weather&action=edit&redlink=1) Sex work portal (/wiki/Portal:Sex_work) Seychelles portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Seychelles&action=edit&redlink=1) Sharjah portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Sharjah&action=edit&redlink=1) Sharks portal (/wiki/Portal:Sharks) Shia islam portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Shia_islam&action=edit&redlink=1) Siberia portal (/wiki/Portal:Siberia) Sierra leone portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Sierra_leone&action=edit&redlink=1) Sikhism portal (/wiki/Portal:Sikhism) Sikkim portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Sikkim&action=edit&redlink=1) Sindh portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Sindh&action=edit&redlink=1) Singapore portal (/wiki/Portal:Singapore) Sint eustatius portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Sint_eustatius&action=edit&redlink=1) Sint maarten portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Sint_maarten&action=edit&redlink=1) Slovakia portal (/wiki/Portal:Slovakia) Slovenia portal (/wiki/Portal:Slovenia) Snakes portal (/wiki/Portal:Snakes) Snooker portal (/wiki/Portal:Snooker) Social movements portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Social_movements&action=edit&redlink=1) Social science portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Social_science&action=edit&redlink=1) Social sciences portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Social_sciences&action=edit&redlink=1) Socialism portal (/wiki/Portal:Socialism) Society portal (/wiki/Portal:Society) Software portal (/wiki/Portal:Software) Solar system portal (/wiki/Portal:Solar_system) Solomon islands portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Solomon_islands&action=edit&redlink=1) Somalia portal (/wiki/Portal:Somalia) Somaliland portal (/wiki/Portal:Somaliland) Somerset portal (/wiki/Portal:Somerset) South africa portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:South_africa&action=edit&redlink=1) South america portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:South_america&action=edit&redlink=1) South asia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:South_asia&action=edit&redlink=1) South australia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:South_australia&action=edit&redlink=1) South carolina portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:South_carolina&action=edit&redlink=1) South dakota portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:South_dakota&action=edit&redlink=1) South east england portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:South_east_england&action=edit&redlink=1) South georgia and the south sandwich islands portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:South_georgia_and_the_south_sandwich_islands&action=edit&redlink=1) South korea portal (/wiki/Portal:South_korea) South sudan portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:South_sudan&action=edit&redlink=1) Southeast asia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Southeast_asia&action=edit&redlink=1) Southern california portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Southern_california&action=edit&redlink=1) Soviet union portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Soviet_union&action=edit&redlink=1) Space portal (/wiki/Portal:Space) Spaceflight portal (/wiki/Portal:Spaceflight) Spain portal (/wiki/Portal:Spain) Speculative fiction portal (/wiki/Portal:Speculative_fiction) Speculative fiction/fantasy portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Speculative_fiction/fantasy&action=edit&redlink=1) Speculative fiction/horror portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Speculative_fiction/horror&action=edit&redlink=1) Sport of athletics portal (/wiki/Portal:Sport_of_athletics) Sports portal (/wiki/Portal:Sports) Sports and games portal (/wiki/Portal:Sports_and_games) Sri lanka portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Sri_lanka&action=edit&redlink=1) Staffordshire portal (/wiki/Portal:Staffordshire) Stamford portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Stamford&action=edit&redlink=1) Stanford university portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Stanford_university&action=edit&redlink=1) Stars portal (/wiki/Portal:Stars) Statistics portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Statistics&action=edit&redlink=1) Sudan portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Sudan&action=edit&redlink=1) Superfunds portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Superfunds&action=edit&redlink=1) Supermarkets portal (/wiki/Portal:Supermarkets) Suriname portal (/wiki/Portal:Suriname) Surrey portal (/wiki/Portal:Surrey) Sweden portal (/wiki/Portal:Sweden) Switzerland portal (/wiki/Portal:Switzerland) Sydney portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Sydney&action=edit&redlink=1) Syria portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Syria&action=edit&redlink=1) Systems engineering initiative portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Systems_engineering_initiative&action=edit&redlink=1) Systems science portal (/wiki/Portal:Systems_science) São tomé and príncipe portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:S%C3%A3o_tom%C3%A9_and_pr%C3%ADncipe&action=edit&redlink=1) Taiwan portal (/wiki/Portal:Taiwan) Tajikistan portal (/wiki/Portal:Tajikistan) Tamil portal (/wiki/Portal:Tamil) Tamil nadu portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Tamil_nadu&action=edit&redlink=1) Tamils portal (/wiki/Portal:Tamils) Tango portal (/wiki/Portal:Tango) Tanks portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Tanks&action=edit&redlink=1) Tanzania portal (/wiki/Portal:Tanzania) Tashkent portal (/wiki/Portal:Tashkent) Tasmania portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Tasmania&action=edit&redlink=1) Technology portal (/wiki/Portal:Technology) Technology and applied sciences portal (/wiki/Portal:Technology_and_applied_sciences) Telangana portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Telangana&action=edit&redlink=1) Telecommunication portal (/wiki/Portal:Telecommunication) Telephones portal (/wiki/Portal:Telephones) Television portal (/wiki/Portal:Television) Tennessee portal (/wiki/Portal:Tennessee) Tennis portal (/wiki/Portal:Tennis) Texas portal (/wiki/Portal:Texas) Texas a&m university portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Texas_a%26m_university&action=edit&redlink=1) Texas tech university portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Texas_tech_university&action=edit&redlink=1) Textile arts portal (/wiki/Portal:Textile_arts) Thailand portal (/wiki/Portal:Thailand) The arts portal (/wiki/Portal:The_arts) The bahamas portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:The_bahamas&action=edit&redlink=1) The gambia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:The_gambia&action=edit&redlink=1) The simpsons portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:The_simpsons&action=edit&redlink=1) Theatre portal (/wiki/Portal:Theatre) Tobago portal (/wiki/Portal:Tobago) Togo portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Togo&action=edit&redlink=1) Tokelau portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Tokelau&action=edit&redlink=1) Tokyo portal (/wiki/Portal:Tokyo) Tonga portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Tonga&action=edit&redlink=1) Tornadoes portal (/wiki/Portal:Tornadoes) Toronto portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Toronto&action=edit&redlink=1) Toys portal (/wiki/Portal:Toys) Traditional african religions portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Traditional_african_religions&action=edit&redlink=1) Trains portal (/wiki/Portal:Trains) Transgender portal (/wiki/Portal:Transgender) Transport in india portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Transport_in_india&action=edit&redlink=1) Transportation portal (/wiki/Portal:Transportation) Trees portal (/wiki/Portal:Trees) Trinidad and tobago portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Trinidad_and_tobago&action=edit&redlink=1) Tripura portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Tripura&action=edit&redlink=1) Tropical cyclones portal (/wiki/Portal:Tropical_cyclones) Tsunamis portal (/wiki/Portal:Tsunamis) Tunisia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Tunisia&action=edit&redlink=1) Turkey portal (/wiki/Portal:Turkey) Turkmenistan portal (/wiki/Portal:Turkmenistan) Turks and caicos islands portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Turks_and_caicos_islands&action=edit&redlink=1) Tuvalu portal (/wiki/Portal:Tuvalu) Tyrol portal (/wiki/Portal:Tyrol) Udaipur portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Udaipur&action=edit&redlink=1) Uganda portal (/wiki/Portal:Uganda) Uk railways portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Uk_railways&action=edit&redlink=1) Uk waterways portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Uk_waterways&action=edit&redlink=1) Ukraine portal (/wiki/Portal:Ukraine) Umm al quwain portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Umm_al_quwain&action=edit&redlink=1) Underwater diving portal (/wiki/Portal:Underwater_diving) United arab emirates portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_arab_emirates&action=edit&redlink=1) United kingdom portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_kingdom&action=edit&redlink=1) United nations portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_nations&action=edit&redlink=1) United states portal (/wiki/Portal:United_states) United states air force portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_states_air_force&action=edit&redlink=1) United states arms portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_states_arms&action=edit&redlink=1) United states army portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_states_army&action=edit&redlink=1) United states coast guard portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_states_coast_guard&action=edit&redlink=1) United states coast guard auxiliary portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_states_coast_guard_auxiliary&action=edit&redlink=1) United states constitution portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_states_constitution&action=edit&redlink=1) United states government portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_states_government&action=edit&redlink=1) United states governors portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_states_governors&action=edit&redlink=1) United states history portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_states_history&action=edit&redlink=1) United states marine corps portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_states_marine_corps&action=edit&redlink=1) United states navy portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_states_navy&action=edit&redlink=1) United states politicians portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_states_politicians&action=edit&redlink=1) United states roads portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_states_roads&action=edit&redlink=1) United states space force portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_states_space_force&action=edit&redlink=1) United states territories portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_states_territories&action=edit&redlink=1) United states virgin islands portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:United_states_virgin_islands&action=edit&redlink=1) Universities portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Universities&action=edit&redlink=1) University of north texas portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:University_of_north_texas&action=edit&redlink=1) University of oxford portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:University_of_oxford&action=edit&redlink=1) University of pennsylvania portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:University_of_pennsylvania&action=edit&redlink=1) University of san francisco portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:University_of_san_francisco&action=edit&redlink=1) University of southern california portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:University_of_southern_california&action=edit&redlink=1) University of texas at austin portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:University_of_texas_at_austin&action=edit&redlink=1) University of virginia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:University_of_virginia&action=edit&redlink=1) Unreferenced biographies of living persons portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Unreferenced_biographies_of_living_persons&action=edit&redlink=1) Uruguay portal (/wiki/Portal:Uruguay) Userboxes portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Userboxes&action=edit&redlink=1) Utah portal (/wiki/Portal:Utah) Uttar pradesh portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Uttar_pradesh&action=edit&redlink=1) Uttarakhand portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Uttarakhand&action=edit&redlink=1) Uzbekistan portal (/wiki/Portal:Uzbekistan) Vanuatu portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Vanuatu&action=edit&redlink=1) Vatican city portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Vatican_city&action=edit&redlink=1) Venezuela portal (/wiki/Portal:Venezuela) Vermont portal (/wiki/Portal:Vermont) Victoria portal (/wiki/Portal:Victoria) Video games portal (/wiki/Portal:Video_games) Vietnam portal (/wiki/Portal:Vietnam) Virginia portal (/wiki/Portal:Virginia) Viruses portal (/wiki/Portal:Viruses) Visual arts portal (/wiki/Portal:Visual_arts) Vital articles portal (/wiki/Portal:Vital_articles) Volcanism of canada portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Volcanism_of_canada&action=edit&redlink=1) Volcanoes portal (/wiki/Portal:Volcanoes) Volleyball portal (/wiki/Portal:Volleyball) Wales portal (/wiki/Portal:Wales) Wallis and futuna portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Wallis_and_futuna&action=edit&redlink=1) War portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:War&action=edit&redlink=1) Washington (state) portal (/wiki/Portal:Washington_(state)) Washington metro portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Washington_metro&action=edit&redlink=1) Washington university in st. louis portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Washington_university_in_st._louis&action=edit&redlink=1) Washington, d.c. portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Washington,_d.c.&action=edit&redlink=1) Water portal (/wiki/Portal:Water) Waterfalls portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Waterfalls&action=edit&redlink=1) Weather portal (/wiki/Portal:Weather) West bengal portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:West_bengal&action=edit&redlink=1) West sussex portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:West_sussex&action=edit&redlink=1) West virginia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:West_virginia&action=edit&redlink=1) West virginia university portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:West_virginia_university&action=edit&redlink=1) Western asia portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Western_asia&action=edit&redlink=1) Western australia portal (/wiki/Portal:Western_australia) Western sahara portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Western_sahara&action=edit&redlink=1) Wetlands portal (/wiki/Portal:Wetlands) Wikipedia portal (/wiki/Portal:Wikipedia) Wind power portal (/wiki/Portal:Wind_power) Wine portal (/wiki/Portal:Wine) Wisconsin portal (/wiki/Portal:Wisconsin) Women's association football portal (/wiki/Portal:Women%27s_association_football) World portal (/wiki/Portal:World) World war i portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:World_war_i&action=edit&redlink=1) World war ii portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:World_war_ii&action=edit&redlink=1) Writing portal (/wiki/Portal:Writing) Wyoming portal (/wiki/Portal:Wyoming) Xtestx portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Xtestx&action=edit&redlink=1) Years portal (/wiki/Portal:Years) Yemen portal (/wiki/Portal:Yemen) Yorkshire portal (/wiki/Portal:Yorkshire) Yoruba portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Yoruba&action=edit&redlink=1) Yukon portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Yukon&action=edit&redlink=1) Zambia portal (/wiki/Portal:Zambia) Zimbabwe portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Zimbabwe&action=edit&redlink=1) Zoos portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Zoos&action=edit&redlink=1) Zoroastrianism portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:Zoroastrianism&action=edit&redlink=1) Åland portal (/w/index.php?title=Portal:%C3%85land&action=edit&redlink=1) This is a list of all portals that have an image listed at one of the subpages of Module:Portal/images (/wiki/Module:Portal/images) . There are around 1000 images, so this page might take a very long time to load. However, it can be useful in identifying images that have been renamed or removed. There is no way to tell the correct capitalisation of portal names from the module data, so many of the portal links may be red. Please check the links with different capitalisations before assuming that the portal does not exist. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐7gwmp Cached time: 20240721213126 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 1.357 seconds Real time usage: 2.611 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3039/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 222354/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 2/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1041/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.149/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7048148/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:40452167-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721213126 and revision id 1192120119. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Portal/doc/all&oldid=1192120119 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Portal/doc/all&oldid=1192120119) "
Mitsuki Oishi 大石参月 Born ( 1988-03-22 ) March 22, 1988 (age 36) Naka-ku, Hamamatsu (/wiki/Naka-ku,_Hamamatsu) , Shizuoka Prefecture (/wiki/Shizuoka_Prefecture) , Japan Other names Micchan ( みっちゃん ) Mitsuki-chan ( みつきちゃん ) Mitsuki ( みつき ) Occupation(s) Model, actress Years active 2004– Agent Avex Management (/wiki/Avex_Group) Height 1.6 m (5 ft 3 in) (2013) [1] (#cite_note-profile-1) Mitsuki Oishi ( 大石参月 , Ōishi Mitsuki , born 22 March 1988, in Naka-ku, Hamamatsu (/wiki/Naka-ku,_Hamamatsu) , Shizuoka Prefecture (/wiki/Shizuoka_Prefecture) , Japan) [1] (#cite_note-profile-1) is a Japanese fashion model and actress represented by Avex Management (/wiki/Avex_Group) . Biography [ edit ] On 2004 Oishi won the Miss Seventeen Grand Prix for the fashion magazine Seventeen (/wiki/Seventeen_(Japanese_magazine)) . She was an exclusive model until her graduation during the release of the April 2009 issue. Oishi became a regular model for the magazine ViVi (/wiki/Vivi_(magazine)) since the release of the June 2009 issue. She is also a regular model for the magazines More and Maquia . Filmography [ edit ] TV series [ edit ] Variety [ edit ] Year Title Network Notes 2007 Channel-a (/wiki/Channel_A_(TV_series)) TVK (/wiki/Television_Kanagawa) MC 2009 Reco Hits! NTV (/wiki/Nippon_TV) 2013 R no Hōsoku NHK (/wiki/NHK) 2014 Hirunandesu NTV Unbelievable Fuji TV (/wiki/Fuji_Television) Vs Arashi Fuji TV Drama [ edit ] Year Title Role Network Notes 2008 Ryokiteki na Kanojo (/wiki/Ryokiteki_na_Kanojo_(Japanese_television_drama)) Wakaba Hayashida TBS (/wiki/Tokyo_Broadcasting_System) Music videos [ edit ] Year Title Notes 2006 WaT (/wiki/WaT) "Hava Rava" Shinichi Osawa (/wiki/Shinichi_Osawa) "Our Song" Arashi (/wiki/Arashi) " Aozora Pedal (/wiki/Aozora_Pedal) " 2007 Soffet "Love Story" The Loose Dogs "One Day" Fact "a fact of life" 2010 Juliet "Yuki Love" Advertisements [ edit ] Year Title Notes 2006 mu-mo 2010 Samantha Thavasa × ViVi Orient Tokei iO Image model Sweetie Moon Image model 2011 mod's hair Advertisement model Events [ edit ] Year Title Notes Ref. 2010 Girls Award [2] (#cite_note-2) Tokyo Girls Collection [3] (#cite_note-3) Kobe Collection 2012 Fukuoka Asia Collection 2014 Kansai Collection [4] (#cite_note-4) Sapporo Collection 2015 Nihon Joshi Hakurankai: Japan Girls Expo 2015 Haru [5] (#cite_note-5) Shizuoka Collection Mobile series [ edit ] Year Title Notes 2008 Koisuru Ketsuekigata Films [ edit ] Year Title Notes 2009 Girls Love Tenshi no Koi (/wiki/Tenshi_no_Koi) Catalogs [ edit ] Year Title Notes 2011 Kimono Catalog Model Collection/Furisode no "Takazen" de Rental Kimono: Princess Furisode Bibliography [ edit ] Photobooks [ edit ] Year Title Notes Ref. 2008 Mitsuki 2015 Mitsuki Oishi Style Book: Mitsukiss [6] (#cite_note-6) Magazines [ edit ] Year Title Notes 2004 Seventeen (/wiki/Seventeen_(Japanese_magazine)) Exclusive model 2009 ViVi (/wiki/Vivi_(magazine)) Exclusive model 2013 Maquia 2015 More References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "大石参月プロフィール" (http://avex-management.jp/oishi-mitsuki/profile.php) (in Japanese). Avex Management (/wiki/Avex_Group) . Retrieved 23 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "【写真レポート】WEGO(ウィゴー) ガールズアワード GirlsAward2014 Spring/Summer" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160308002704/http://www.wws-channel.com/fashion/girls-award2014_ss/wego.html) (in Japanese). WWS Channel. Archived from the original (http://www.wws-channel.com/fashion/girls-award2014_ss/wego.html) on 8 March 2016 . Retrieved 23 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "動画インタビュー】大石参月にゆしんがインタビュー！東京ランウェイ TOKYO RUNWAY2014 Autumn/Winter" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160805103846/http://www.wws-channel.com/fashion/tokyo-runway2014_aw/oishi-mitsuki.html) (in Japanese). WWS Channel. Archived from the original (http://www.wws-channel.com/fashion/tokyo-runway2014_aw/oishi-mitsuki.html) on 5 August 2016 . Retrieved 23 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "モデル大石参月、「関西コレクション」に登場" (http://mdpr.jp/news/detail/1421787) . modelpress . 21 September 2014 . Retrieved 23 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "マギー大石参月　筧美和子らがランウェイに登場！元NMB48 福本愛奈も華を添える！日本女子博覧会" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160805093333/http://www.wws-channel.com/fashion/japangirlsexpo2015/model.html) (in Japanese). WWS Channel. Archived from the original (http://www.wws-channel.com/fashion/japangirlsexpo2015/model.html) on 5 August 2016 . Retrieved 23 June 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "【写真レポート】モデル大石参月が10周年記念でスタイルブックを発売!" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160810145826/http://wws-channel.com/fashion/oishi-mitsuki_20150718/) (in Japanese). WWS Channel. Archived from the original (http://www.wws-channel.com/fashion/oishi-mitsuki_20150718/) on 10 August 2016 . Retrieved 23 June 2016 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://avex-management.jp/oishi-mitsuki/) (in Japanese) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/317285793) This article about a Japanese actor is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mitsuki_Oishi&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐x599h Cached time: 20240712172824 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.790 seconds Real time usage: 1.073 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1995/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 29320/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1983/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 34796/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.584/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 21003084/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1000.391 1 -total 52.21% 522.340 1 Template:Infobox_person 21.14% 211.515 2 Template:Unbulleted_list 20.43% 204.395 1 Template:Reflist 18.94% 189.462 4 Template:Nihongo 17.48% 174.825 6 Template:Cite_web 12.84% 128.460 1 Template:Authority_control 12.15% 121.530 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 9.21% 92.114 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age 6.70% 67.067 1 Template:Japan-actor-stub Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:50910413-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712172824 and revision id 1085013682. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mitsuki_Oishi&oldid=1085013682 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mitsuki_Oishi&oldid=1085013682) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Japanese female models (/wiki/Category:Japanese_female_models) Japanese actresses (/wiki/Category:Japanese_actresses) 1988 births (/wiki/Category:1988_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Actors from Shizuoka Prefecture (/wiki/Category:Actors_from_Shizuoka_Prefecture) Models from Shizuoka Prefecture (/wiki/Category:Models_from_Shizuoka_Prefecture) Japanese actor stubs (/wiki/Category:Japanese_actor_stubs) Hidden categories: CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Japanese-language_sources_(ja)) Use dmy dates from March 2020 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_March_2020) Articles containing Japanese-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Japanese-language_text) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles with Japanese-language sources (ja) (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Japanese-language_sources_(ja)) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
Former global union federation (1893–1960) The International Federation of Textile Workers' Association (IFTWA) was a global union federation (/wiki/Global_union_federation) bringing together unions of textile workers, principally in Europe. History [ edit ] The federation's origins lay in the International Textile Congress, held in Manchester, in England, in 1894. The congress was organised on the initiative of James Mawdsley (/wiki/James_Mawdsley) and David Holmes (/wiki/David_Holmes_(trade_unionist)) , and of the 179,000 workers represented, 150,000 were covered by the British unions. Other representatives came from Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, the Netherlands, and the United States. The European delegates pushed a more socialist approach, focusing on political action. The congress agreed to establish an international organisation, and to campaign for a maximum eight-hour working day. [1] (#cite_note-fowler-1) For the first few years, the federation did little beyond organise further conferences. The European delegates argued unsuccessfully for the creation of an international strike fund, and successfully for the appointment of a general secretary to organise action. William Marsland (/wiki/William_Marsland) was appointed in 1905, and initially proved successful, learning French and publishing a quarterly newsletter. However, his decision to publish an obituary for Edward VII (/wiki/Edward_VII) proved highly controversial, and he stood down, to be replaced by Tom Shaw (/wiki/Tom_Shaw_(politician)) . [1] (#cite_note-fowler-1) The organisation became inactive during World War I (/wiki/World_War_I) , but was re-established in 1920, and affiliated to the International Federation of Trade Unions (/wiki/International_Federation_of_Trade_Unions) . Reductions in the working week were achieved over the next few years, and the federation agreed to establish a full-time secretariat, to be based in Manchester. James Bell (/wiki/James_Bell_(trade_unionist)) was appointed as general secretary, but after a year was replaced by Shaw. Shaw was in government between 1929 and 1931, but continued on an unpaid basis, and then resumed the full-time position. [1] (#cite_note-fowler-1) Under Shaw's leadership, the federation investigated working conditions in India and China, and made some limited efforts to encourage trade unionism in India. An international 40-hour working week was agreed by the International Labour Organization (/wiki/International_Labour_Organization) , but never enacted, due to the outbreak of World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) . [1] (#cite_note-fowler-1) After the war, James Stott (/wiki/James_Stott_(trade_unionist)) led successful efforts to reconstruct the federation. [2] (#cite_note-obituary-2) In 1960, the federation merged with the International Garment Workers' Federation (/wiki/International_Garment_Workers%27_Federation) , forming the International Textile and Garment Workers' Federation (/wiki/International_Textile_and_Garment_Workers%27_Federation) . [3] (#cite_note-3) Affiliates [ edit ] In 1954, the following unions were affiliated to the federation: [4] (#cite_note-mitchell-4) Union Country Affiliated membership All India Federation of Textile Unions India 90,000 Danish Textile Workers' Union (/wiki/Danish_Textile_Workers%27_Union) Denmark 26,299 General Industrial Union of Textiles and Clothing (/wiki/General_Industrial_Union_of_Textiles_and_Clothing) Netherlands 10,110 Italian Federation of Textile Workers (/wiki/Italian_Federation_of_Textile_Workers_(CISL)) Italy 200,000 Italian Union of Textile Workers (/wiki/Italian_Union_of_Textile_Workers) Italy 20,000 Japan Federation of Textile Workers' Unions (/wiki/Japan_Federation_of_Textile_Workers%27_Unions) Japan 200,000 National Federation of Textiles (/wiki/National_Federation_of_Textiles) France 18,000 National Union of Dyers, Bleachers and Textile Workers (/wiki/National_Union_of_Dyers,_Bleachers_and_Textile_Workers) United Kingdom 74,000 Norwegian Union of Textile Workers (/wiki/Norwegian_Union_of_Textile_Workers) Norway 11,879 Pakistan Textile Workers' Federation Pakistan 20,000 Swedish Textile Workers' Union (/wiki/Swedish_Textile_Workers%27_Union) Sweden 44,239 Textile and Clothing Union (/wiki/Textile_and_Clothing_Union) West Germany 275,000 Textile and Knitting Workers' Union (/wiki/Textile_and_Knitting_Workers%27_Union) Finland 6,000 Textile Workers Union of America (/wiki/Textile_Workers_Union_of_America) United States 264,000 Union of Belgian Textile Workers (/wiki/Union_of_Belgian_Textile_Workers) Belgium 65,190 Union of Textile, Clothing and Leather Workers (/wiki/Union_of_Textile,_Clothing_and_Leather_Workers) Austria 65,000 Union of Textile and Factory Workers (/wiki/Union_of_Textile_and_Factory_Workers) Switzerland 12,000 United Textile Factory Workers' Association (/wiki/United_Textile_Factory_Workers%27_Association) United Kingdom 172,770 General Secretaries [ edit ] 1893: James Mawdsley (/wiki/James_Mawdsley_(trade_unionist)) [5] (#cite_note-icftu-5) 1895: Ferdinand Hardijns (/wiki/Ferdinand_Hardijns) [5] (#cite_note-icftu-5) 1897: William Henry Wilkinson (/wiki/William_Henry_Wilkinson_(trade_unionist)) [5] (#cite_note-icftu-5) 1905: William Marsland (/wiki/William_Marsland) [5] (#cite_note-icftu-5) 1911: Tom Shaw (/wiki/Tom_Shaw_(politician)) [5] (#cite_note-icftu-5) 1924: James Bell (/wiki/James_Bell_(trade_unionist)) [5] (#cite_note-icftu-5) 1925: Tom Shaw (/wiki/Tom_Shaw_(politician)) [5] (#cite_note-icftu-5) 1938: Arthur Shaw (/wiki/Arthur_Shaw_(trade_unionist)) (acting) [5] (#cite_note-icftu-5) 1939: James Stott (/wiki/James_Stott_(trade_unionist)) [5] (#cite_note-icftu-5) 1949: Jack Greenhalgh (/wiki/Jack_Greenhalgh_(trade_unionist)) [5] (#cite_note-icftu-5) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d Fowler, Alan (2018). Lancashire Cotton Operatives and Work, 1900-1950 . Routledge. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1351753203 . ^ (#cite_ref-obituary_2-0) "Obituary". Bulletin of the International Federation of Textile Workers' Associations . 1957. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "International Textile, Garment and Leather Workers' Federation (ITGLWF)" (https://uia.org/s/or/en/1100047837) . Union of International Associations . Retrieved 13 June 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-mitchell_4-0) Mitchell, James P. (1954). Directory of International Trade Union Organisations . Washington DC: U.S. Department of Labor. pp. 135–139. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Yearbook of the International Free Trade Union Movement . London: Lincolns-Prager. 1957–1958. pp. 577–578. v t e International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (/wiki/International_Confederation_of_Free_Trade_Unions) General secretaries 1949: Jacobus Hendrik Oldenbroek (/wiki/Jacobus_Hendrik_Oldenbroek) 1960: Omer Becu (/wiki/Omer_Becu) 1967: Harm Buiter (/wiki/Harm_Buiter) 1972: Otto Kersten (/wiki/Otto_Kersten_(trade_unionist)) 1982: John Vanderveken (/wiki/John_Vanderveken) 1992: Enzo Friso (/wiki/Enzo_Friso) 1995: Bill Jordan (/wiki/William_Jordan,_Baron_Jordan) 2002: Guy Ryder (/wiki/Guy_Ryder) Assistant general secretaries 1952: Hans Gottfurcht (/wiki/Hans_Gottfurcht) 1960: Alfred Braunthal (/wiki/Alfred_Braunthal) , Stefan Nędzyński (/wiki/Stefan_N%C4%99dzy%C5%84ski) and Herbert A. Tulatz (/wiki/Herbert_A._Tulatz) 1967: Morris Paladino (/wiki/Morris_Paladino) 1972: Heribert Maier (/wiki/Heribert_Maier) 1974: John Vanderveken (/wiki/John_Vanderveken) 1984: Enzo Friso (/wiki/Enzo_Friso) 1993: Eddy Laurijssen (/wiki/Eddy_Laurijssen) 2002: Zé Olívio (/wiki/Z%C3%A9_Ol%C3%ADvio) Presidents 1949: Paul Finet (/wiki/Paul_Finet) 1951: Vincent Tewson (/wiki/Vincent_Tewson) 1953: Omer Becu (/wiki/Omer_Becu) 1957: Arne Geijer (/wiki/Arne_Geijer) 1965: Bruno Storti (/wiki/Bruno_Storti) 1972: Donald MacDonald (/wiki/Donald_MacDonald_(Nova_Scotia_politician)) 1975: P. P. Narayanan (/wiki/P._P._Narayanan) 1992: Roy Trotman (/wiki/Roy_Trotman) 2000: Fackson Shamenda (/wiki/Fackson_Shamenda) 2004: Sharan Burrow (/wiki/Sharan_Burrow) Regional organisations APRO: Asia Pacific (/wiki/ICFTU_Asia_and_Pacific_Regional_Organisation) AFRO: Africa (/wiki/ICFTU_African_Regional_Organisation) ERO: Europe (/wiki/ICFTU_European_Regional_Organisation) ORIT: Americas (/wiki/ICFTU_Inter_American_Regional_Organisation_of_Workers) Allied organisations International Trade Secretariats (/wiki/Global_union_federation) (ITSs) Bureau of Workers Activities of the ILO (/wiki/International_Labour_Organization) (ILO-ACTRAV) Socialist International (/wiki/Socialist_International) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/241208229) 2 (https://viaf.org/viaf/261420051) National Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/5057521-1) 2 (https://d-nb.info/gnd/4527947-0) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐2l2m5 Cached time: 20240712182102 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.330 seconds Real time usage: 0.521 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 842/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 23963/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1187/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 33171/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.230/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4174034/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 425.571 1 -total 34.94% 148.678 1 Template:Reflist 26.14% 111.254 3 Template:Cite_book 22.65% 96.400 1 Template:ICFTU 22.00% 93.607 1 Template:Navbox 20.20% 85.973 1 Template:Authority_control 19.72% 83.920 1 Template:Short_description 11.38% 48.410 2 Template:Pagetype 5.54% 23.578 5 Template:Main_other 4.94% 21.030 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:61036099-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712182102 and revision id 1225215504. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Federation_of_Textile_Workers%27_Associations&oldid=1225215504 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Federation_of_Textile_Workers%27_Associations&oldid=1225215504) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Global union federations (/wiki/Category:Global_union_federations) Textile and clothing trade unions (/wiki/Category:Textile_and_clothing_trade_unions) Trade unions established in 1894 (/wiki/Category:Trade_unions_established_in_1894) Trade unions disestablished in 1960 (/wiki/Category:Trade_unions_disestablished_in_1960) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with GND identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_GND_identifiers)
Line of shoes by Onitsuka Tiger Onitsuka Tiger Corsair Type Sneakers (/wiki/Sneakers) Inventor Onitsuka Tiger (/wiki/Onitsuka_Tiger) Inception 1968 ; 56 years ago ( 1968 ) Manufacturer Onitsuka Tiger Available Yes Website onitsukatiger.com (https://www.onitsukatiger.com/us/en-us/tiger-tales/) Onitsuka Tiger Corsair is a shoe that was designed under Onitsuka Tiger (/wiki/Onitsuka_Tiger) and released in 1968. The Onitsuka Tiger Corsair was first designed by Bill Bowerman while still in a partnership agreement with Onitsuka Tiger. Shortly after its release, Bill Bowerman decided to part ways with the company and focus on developing original shoes for their own company, Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) , which led to them releasing their own version of the same shoe called the Nike Cortez (/wiki/Nike_Cortez) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Overview [ edit ] The idea for shoe came after both Onitsuka Tiger and Blue Ribbon Sports saw massive success with the Mexico 66 (/wiki/Mexico_66) shoe. Blue Ribbon Sports was specifically created to sell Onitsuka Tiger's shoes overseas in the United States and both companies wanted to continue its success by releasing another shoe. Bowerman came up with the idea for the shoe by taking two pieces from existing shoes, the midsole from the Spring Up and the outsole of the Limber Up , and combined them into one. [2] (#cite_note-2) Name [ edit ] The Corsair and Cortez side by side. The name, Azteca, was first considered for the shoe but then Adidas threatened both companies with legal action since the name was too similar to one of their track shoes called the Adidas Azteca Gold. Bowerman asked who was the one who defeated the Aztecs and after being told it was Hernan Cortez (/wiki/Hernan_Cortez) , decided to name the shoes the Cortez. An offensive move in retrospect, the decision was made because he wanted to dominate Adidas in the market. [3] (#cite_note-3) In 1971, the partnership between Onitsuka Tiger and BRS was broken and BRS decided to sell and make its own shoes under a new company name, Nike. This caused a problem as both companies were selling shoes with the same name, Cortez, and both went to court in a lengthy legal battle. Eventually in 1974, the court ruled in favor of Nike and they were given the right to sell their shoes under the Cortez name leading Onitsuka Tiger to rename their shoe the Corsair. [4] (#cite_note-4) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "An oral history of the Nike Cortez, 50 years after its release" (https://www.npr.org/2022/02/15/1077040201/nike-cortez-50-anniversary-history-los-angeles) . NPR . 2022-02-15 . Retrieved 2023-10-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "How the Onitsuka Tiger Became the Nike Cortez" (https://thesolesupplier.co.uk/news/how-the-onitsuka-tiger-became-the-nike-cortez/) . The Sole Supplier . 2021-11-17 . Retrieved 2023-10-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "WHICH CAME FIRST: THE NIKE CORTEZ OR ONITSUKA TIGER CORSAIR?" (https://www.sneakerfreaker.com/features/which-came-first-nikes-cortez-or-onitsuka-tigers-corsair?page=0) . Sneaker Freaker . 2018-10-22 . Retrieved 2023-10-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Here's what you probably didn't know about the Nike Cortez" (https://www.sneakerjagers.com/en/n/heres-what-you-probably-didnt-know-about-the-nike-cortez/22584) . Sneakerjagers . 2021-07-03 . Retrieved 2023-10-24 . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://www.onitsukatiger.com/us/en-us/tiger-tales/) v t e Asics Subsidiaries Current Runkeeper (/wiki/Runkeeper) Former Haglöfs (/wiki/Hagl%C3%B6fs) Brands Onitsuka Tiger (/wiki/Onitsuka_Tiger) Unoha Sneakers Gel-Lyte III (/wiki/Asics_Gel-Lyte_III) Gel-Kayano 14 (/wiki/Asics_Gel-Kayano_14) Onitsuka Tiger Mexico 66 (/wiki/Onitsuka_Tiger_Mexico_66) Corsair Key people Phil Knight (/wiki/Phil_Knight) (former partner) Category Commons NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.canary‐7bd89c4ccf‐r4ttz Cached time: 20240716041438 Cache expiry: 1367124 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.295 seconds Real time usage: 0.679 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1173/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 30013/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1325/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 26888/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.185/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5121903/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 386.442 1 -total 26.99% 104.304 1 Template:Reflist 26.91% 104.005 1 Template:Infobox_product 26.82% 103.625 3 Template:Navbox 26.74% 103.319 1 Template:Asics 26.09% 100.815 1 Template:Infobox 22.40% 86.561 4 Template:Cite_web 16.98% 65.623 1 Template:Short_description 9.74% 37.633 2 Template:Pagetype 4.68% 18.073 6 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:75140994-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716041438 and revision id 1231616675. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Onitsuka_Tiger_Corsair&oldid=1231616675 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Onitsuka_Tiger_Corsair&oldid=1231616675) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Asics (/wiki/Category:Asics) Products introduced in 1968 (/wiki/Category:Products_introduced_in_1968) 1960s fashion (/wiki/Category:1960s_fashion) 1970s fashion (/wiki/Category:1970s_fashion) 1980s fashion (/wiki/Category:1980s_fashion) 1990s fashion (/wiki/Category:1990s_fashion) 2000s fashion (/wiki/Category:2000s_fashion) 2010s fashion (/wiki/Category:2010s_fashion) 2020s fashion (/wiki/Category:2020s_fashion) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Official website not in Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Official_website_not_in_Wikidata)
American model and social media influencer Ella Halikas Born Walnut Creek, California (/wiki/Walnut_Creek,_California) , U.S. Alma mater Washington State University (/wiki/Washington_State_University) University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (/wiki/University_of_Hawai%CA%BBi_at_M%C4%81noa) Occupations Model TikToker Activist Relatives Eliana Mason (/wiki/Eliana_Mason) (cousin) Modeling information Height 5 ft 7 in (170 cm) Hair color Brown Eye color Brown Agency Ford Models (/wiki/Ford_Models) TikTok information Page ellahalikas (https://www.tiktok.com/@ellahalikas) Followers 710.7K Likes 20.3M Last updated: Jul 20, 2024 Website www (http://www.ellahalikas.com/) .ellahalikas (http://www.ellahalikas.com/) .com (http://www.ellahalikas.com/) Gabriella Athena Halikas is an American model (/wiki/Model_(person)) , TikToker, and body positivity (/wiki/Body_positivity) activist. A plus-size model (/wiki/Plus-size_model) , she appeared in adverstisements for JCPenney (/wiki/JCPenney) and Snapchat (/wiki/Snapchat) before becoming a Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue (/wiki/Sports_Illustrated_Swimsuit_Issue) model in 2021. Halikas walked the runway at Miami Swim Week (/wiki/Miami_Swim_Week) in 2020 and 2021. Early life and education [ edit ] Halikas grew up in Walnut Creek (/wiki/Walnut_Creek,_California) , a town in the San Francisco Bay Area (/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area) . [1] (#cite_note-voyage-1) [2] (#cite_note-secrets-2) She is Greek American (/wiki/Greek_American) and was raised in the Greek Orthodox (/wiki/Greek_Orthodox) faith. [3] (#cite_note-confidence-3) [4] (#cite_note-greek-4) She is a cousin of goalball (/wiki/Goalball) player Eliana Mason (/wiki/Eliana_Mason) . [4] (#cite_note-greek-4) Halikas studied at Washington State University (/wiki/Washington_State_University) before transferring to the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (/wiki/University_of_Hawai%CA%BBi_at_M%C4%81noa) , where she graduated in 2019. [1] (#cite_note-voyage-1) Career [ edit ] In 2020, Halikas lost her job as a waitress at a restaurant in San Francisco due to the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_California) and moved to Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) to pursue modelling and social media influencing. [1] (#cite_note-voyage-1) She was scouted by a modeling agent on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) , based in San Francisco (/wiki/San_Francisco) . [1] (#cite_note-voyage-1) Halikas was featured in commercials for JCPenney (/wiki/JCPenney) and Snapchat (/wiki/Snapchat) . [1] (#cite_note-voyage-1) Halikas later signed with Ford Models (/wiki/Ford_Models) as a model and content creator. [5] (#cite_note-5) In 2021, Halikas was featured in Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue (/wiki/Sports_Illustrated_Swimsuit_Issue) . [6] (#cite_note-si-6) [2] (#cite_note-secrets-2) [7] (#cite_note-7) She was photographed by Yu Tsai (/wiki/Yu_Tsai) in Atlantic City, New Jersey (/wiki/Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey) for the magazine spread. [6] (#cite_note-si-6) [8] (#cite_note-8) In July 2021, she walked the runway at Miami Swim Week (/wiki/Miami_Swim_Week) for Berry Beachy Swimwear, Cupshe, and VDM The Label. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-swimsuit-10) She had previously walked in Miami Swim Week in 2020. [10] (#cite_note-swimsuit-10) Halikas is a public speaker and activist for body positivity (/wiki/Body_positivity) and confidence. [3] (#cite_note-confidence-3) [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) She uses her TikTok (/wiki/TikTok) and Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) accounts to promote body positivity. [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) She partnered with the Canadian company Pebbles & Palms to launch a plus-size swimwear line. [15] (#cite_note-15) In March 2023, Halikas was featured in Robbie Tripp (/wiki/Robbie_Tripp) 's music video for his song Basic Bro . [3] (#cite_note-confidence-3) [16] (#cite_note-16) Personal life [ edit ] In 2022, Halikas and plus-size model Alexa Jay were reportedly barred entry from The Highlight Room, an exclusive club Los Angeles. [17] (#cite_note-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) They posted about their experience on TikTok, claiming that they were denied entry because of their weight. [19] (#cite_note-19) The video received over one million views. [20] (#cite_note-20) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Stories, Local (June 27, 2022). "Rising Stars: Meet Ella Halikas - Voyage LA Magazine \| LA City Guide" (http://voyagela.com/interview/rising-stars-meet-ella-halikas-of-los-angeles/) . voyagela.com . ^ Jump up to: a b "Secrets of Walnut Creek's curvy Sports Illustrated model" (https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/01/03/secrets-of-walnut-creeks-curvy-sports-illustrated-model) . January 3, 2022. ^ Jump up to: a b c "127. Ella Halikas on Building Delusional Confidence, Overcoming Fear of Failure & Dating Insecurities" (https://www.theconfidentcollective.com/podcast/ella-halikas-on-building-delusional-confidence-overcoming-fear-of-failure-amp-dating-insecurities) . THE CONFIDENT COLLECTIVE . March 21, 2023. ^ Jump up to: a b "MY BIG, FAT, GREEK FAMILY REUNION VLOG" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uxVaV2jW14Y) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . December 10, 2019 . Retrieved May 19, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Ella Halikas \| Miami \| Ford Models" (https://fordmodels.com/miami/profile/ella-halikas/?board=women) . fordmodels.com . ^ Jump up to: a b Swimsuit, S. I. (July 19, 2021). "Ella Halikas 2021 SI Swimsuit Photos" (https://swimsuit.si.com/swimsuit/model/swimsuit-model-ella-halikas-2021-photos) . Swimsuit \| SI.com . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Ryan, Maggie (June 7, 2022). "SI Swimsuit Model Ella Halikas Wants You to Know "Health and Fitness Look Different on Every Body" (https://www.popsugar.com/node/48849613) " (https://www.popsugar.com/node/48849613) . POPSUGAR Fitness . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Panchal, Ananya (February 14, 2023). "5 Stunning Photos of Gabriella Halikas in Atlantic City" (https://swimsuit.si.com/swimnews/5-stunning-photos-of-ella-halikas-in-atlantic-city) . Swimsuit \| SI.com . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Holender, Samantha (July 12, 2021). "2021 'Sports Illustrated' Fashion Show Was the Brand's Most Inclusive Yet" (https://www.usmagazine.com/stylish/news/sports-illustrated-2021-fashion-show-features-plus-size-models/) . US Weekly (/wiki/US_Weekly) . Retrieved May 19, 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b Halikas, Gabriella (July 21, 2021). "Gabriella Halikas Took Miami Swim Week by Storm" (https://swimsuit.si.com/swimlife/ella-halikas-took-miami-swim-week-by-storm) . Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue (/wiki/Sports_Illustrated_Swimsuit_Issue) . The Arena Group . Retrieved May 19, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) O’Bleness, Cara (January 31, 2023). "SI Swim Search Finalist Gabriella Halikas Shares Her Tips for Extraordinary Confidence" (https://swimsuit.si.com/swimlife/si-swim-search-finalist-gabriella-halikas-shares-her-tips-for-extraordinary-confidence) . Swimsuit \| SI.com . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Sports Illustrated Swimsuit model Ella Halikas shares where she gets her 'delusional confidence' from" (https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/sports-illustrated-swimsuit-model-ella-halikas-delusional-confidence-193644020.html) . Yahoo Life . March 30, 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Nolasco, Stephanie (August 4, 2022). "SI Swim model Ella Halikas talks going viral after recreating Julia Fox's style: 'You have to own your body' (https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/si-swim-model-ella-halikas-talks-going-viral-after-recreating-julia-fox) " (https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/si-swim-model-ella-halikas-talks-going-viral-after-recreating-julia-fox) . Fox News . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Furdyk, Brent (August 31, 2022). "Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Model Ella Halikas Recreates Kim Kardashian's Vintage Swimsuit Look But 'On A Curvier Body Type' (https://web.archive.org/web/20220831234733/https://etcanada.com/news/925164/sports-illustrated-swimsuit-model-ella-halikas-recreates-kim-kardashians-vintage-swimsuit-look-but-on-a-curvier-body-type/) " (https://web.archive.org/web/20220831234733/https://etcanada.com/news/925164/sports-illustrated-swimsuit-model-ella-halikas-recreates-kim-kardashians-vintage-swimsuit-look-but-on-a-curvier-body-type/) . ET Canada . Archived from the original (https://etcanada.com/news/925164/sports-illustrated-swimsuit-model-ella-halikas-recreates-kim-kardashians-vintage-swimsuit-look-but-on-a-curvier-body-type/) on August 31, 2022. ^ (#cite_ref-15) says, George john. "Ella Halikas – BELLO Mag" (https://bellomag.com/ux-portfolio/ella-halikas/) . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Las Vegas Rapper Robbie Tripp Shocks Rap Industry with "Basic Bro" Music Video" (https://imaai.org/las-vegas-rapper-robbie-tripp-shocks-rap-industry-with-basic-bro-music-video/) . Independent Arts and Music Insider . April 20, 2023 . Retrieved May 19, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Lisitza, Alexa (November 29, 2022). "After Being Turned Away From A Club Because Of Their Size, These Women Are Calling For A Change In Nightclub Policies" (https://www.buzzfeed.com/alexalisitza/curve-models-denied-club-entry-tiktok) . BuzzFeed . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Gamble, Jalen Brown, Justin (November 13, 2022). "Two plus-size models say they were denied entry to a Los Angeles lounge and 'no one wants to stand up for you' (https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/13/us/los-angeles-plus-size-models-discrimination-reaj/index.html) " (https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/13/us/los-angeles-plus-size-models-discrimination-reaj/index.html) . CNN . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) ) ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Body Positivity Influencers Ella Halikas and Alexa Jay Start Hashtag #NotTonight After Viral Incident at LA Nightclub" (https://nowthisnews.com/news/body-positivity-influencers-ella-halikas-and-alexa-jay-start-hashtag-nottonight-after-viral) . NowThis News . 14 November 2022. ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Two influencers say they were denied entry to a club because of their size. Now, they're empowering others to speak out" (https://www.nbcnews.com/pop-culture/pop-culture-news/two-influencers-say-denied-entry-club-size-rcna55993) . NBC News . November 8, 2022. v t e 2020–2029 Sports Illustrated (/wiki/Sports_Illustrated) Swimsuit Issue (/wiki/Sports_Illustrated_Swimsuit_Issue) 2020 Brooks Nader (/wiki/Brooks_Nader) Kate Bock (/wiki/Kate_Bock) Jasmine Sanders (/wiki/Jasmine_Sanders) Olivia Culpo (/wiki/Olivia_Culpo) 2021 Ella Halikas Brooks Nader (/wiki/Brooks_Nader) Megan Thee Stallion (/wiki/Megan_Thee_Stallion) Naomi Osaka (/wiki/Naomi_Osaka) Leyna Bloom (/wiki/Leyna_Bloom) 2022 Brooks Nader (/wiki/Brooks_Nader) Kim Kardashian (/wiki/Kim_Kardashian) Ciara (/wiki/Ciara) Maye Musk (/wiki/Maye_Musk) Yumi Nu (/wiki/Yumi_Nu) 2023 Martha Stewart (/wiki/Martha_Stewart) Kim Petras (/wiki/Kim_Petras) Megan Fox (/wiki/Megan_Fox) Brooks Nader (/wiki/Brooks_Nader) bold indicates cover model; NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐jnv7k Cached time: 20240721110647 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.492 seconds Real time usage: 0.603 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3077/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 54545/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3020/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 93166/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.326/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 9335007/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 566.988 1 -total 39.48% 223.864 1 Template:Infobox_model 34.31% 194.535 1 Template:Reflist 29.56% 167.624 20 Template:Cite_web 18.87% 107.017 2 Template:Infobox 11.69% 66.291 1 Template:Short_description 9.24% 52.368 1 Template:2020–2029_Sports_Illustrated_Swimsuit 8.74% 49.542 1 Template:Navbox 7.16% 40.571 2 Template:Pagetype 6.35% 36.001 1 Template:Infobox_TikTok_personality Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:73833205-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721110647 and revision id 1235816342. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ella_Halikas&oldid=1235816342 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ella_Halikas&oldid=1235816342) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Activists from California (/wiki/Category:Activists_from_California) American female models (/wiki/Category:American_female_models) American people of Greek descent (/wiki/Category:American_people_of_Greek_descent) American TikTokers (/wiki/Category:American_TikTokers) American women activists (/wiki/Category:American_women_activists) Fat acceptance activists (/wiki/Category:Fat_acceptance_activists) Female models from California (/wiki/Category:Female_models_from_California) Greek Orthodox Christians from the United States (/wiki/Category:Greek_Orthodox_Christians_from_the_United_States) Hip hop models (/wiki/Category:Hip_hop_models) People from Walnut Creek, California (/wiki/Category:People_from_Walnut_Creek,_California) Plus-size models (/wiki/Category:Plus-size_models) American social media influencers (/wiki/Category:American_social_media_influencers) University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa alumni (/wiki/Category:University_of_Hawai%CA%BBi_at_M%C4%81noa_alumni) Washington State University alumni (/wiki/Category:Washington_State_University_alumni) Hidden categories: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Pages using embedded infobox templates with the title parameter (/wiki/Category:Pages_using_embedded_infobox_templates_with_the_title_parameter) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Date of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Date_of_birth_missing_(living_people)) Year of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_(living_people))
Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Japan portal (/wiki/Portal:Japan) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐895674c4f‐fk5tx Cached time: 20240716215752 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.034 seconds Real time usage: 0.047 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 21/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1490/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 3/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1041/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.019/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 715060/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 37.735 1 Template:Portal 100.00% 37.735 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:69618280-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716215752 and revision id 1062451645. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Models from Ōita Prefecture" This category contains only the following page. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . I Maiko Itai (/wiki/Maiko_Itai) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Models_from_Ōita_Prefecture&oldid=1062451645 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Models_from_Ōita_Prefecture&oldid=1062451645) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Japanese models by prefecture (/wiki/Category:Japanese_models_by_prefecture) People from Ōita Prefecture (/wiki/Category:People_from_%C5%8Cita_Prefecture)
Saudi royal and businesswoman Loulwa bint Yazeed Al Saud Born 1996 Saudi Arabia (/wiki/Saudi_Arabia) House (/wiki/Dynasty) House of Saud (/wiki/House_of_Saud) Father Prince Yazeed bin Saud Al Saud Occupation Businesswoman Princess Loulwa bint Yazeed Al Saud is a Saudi princess and businesswoman. She is the co-founder and CEO of RiseUp Saudi and the founder of fashion companies GoTrend and Plus966. Biography [ edit ] She is the daughter of Prince Yazeed bin Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud. [1] (#cite_note-china-1) Her father died in November 2023. [2] (#cite_note-2) Her grandmother is Princess Samira bint Abdullah Al Faisal (/wiki/Samira_bint_Abdullah_Al-Faisal) . [3] (#cite_note-harper-3) In 2022, Princess Loulwa founded Plus966, a fashion boutique consultancy, and also founded the Egyptian fashion e-commerce platform GoTrend. [3] (#cite_note-harper-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) She is also the co-founder and chief executive officer of RiseUp Saudi (/w/index.php?title=RiseUp_Saudi&action=edit&redlink=1) , a platform to help start-ups in Saudi Arabia and hosts the RiseUp Summit, the largest entrepreneurship event in the Middle East and North Africa (/wiki/Middle_East_and_North_Africa) . [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) In September 2022, Loulwa was featured on the cover of Hia (/wiki/Hia_(magazine)) . [1] (#cite_note-china-1) In May 2023, Loulwa spoke at the Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) Middle East Women’s Summit in Riyadh (/wiki/Riyadh) . [1] (#cite_note-china-1) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c "Meet Princess Loulwa, the fashionable and enterprising Gen Z Saudi royal" (https://www.scmp.com/magazines/style/celebrity/article/3217565/meet-princess-loulwa-stylish-saudi-royal-and-entrepreneur-she-founded-fashion-companies-hangs) . South China Morning Post . 19 April 2023 . Retrieved 6 December 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Hashem, Hadeel (12 November 2023). "Prince Yazeed bin Saud: A Legacy of Dedication and Service" (https://bnn.network/world/saudi-arabia/the-lasting-legacy-of-prince-yazeed-bin-saud-bin-abdulaziz-al-saud/) . BNN Breaking . Retrieved 6 December 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b Khulood Ahmed (11 July 2023). "Charting Her Own Path: Princess Loulwa's Inspiring Journey As An Entrepreneur and Fashion Advocate" (https://www.harpersbazaararabia.com/culture/royal-watch/charting-her-own-path-princess-loulwas-inspiring-journey-as-an-entrepreneur-and-fashion-advocate) . Harper\'S Bazaar Arabia . Retrieved 6 December 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Saudi Arabia's first-ever creativity festival announces speaker lineup \| Al Arabiya English" (https://english.alarabiya.net/News/saudi-arabia/2023/10/13/Saudi-Arabia-s-first-ever-creativity-festival-announces-speaker-lineup) . Retrieved 6 December 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "HH Princess Loulwa Al Saud" (https://qatar.websummit.com/attendees/qat24/96575b93-eed7-4f33-8f1e-2ba6f116fc6f/hh-princess-loulwa-al-saud/) . Web Summit Qatar, Doha . Retrieved 6 December 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "H.H. Princess Loulwa Bint Yazeed Al Saud" (https://forbesmiddleeastevents.com/Speakers/h-h-princess-loulwa-bint-yazeed-al-saud/) . Retrieved 6 December 2023 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐cc8b66f75‐9mrbd Cached time: 20240704181611 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.282 seconds Real time usage: 0.445 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1316/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 14968/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 872/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 25112/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.174/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5082322/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 426.724 1 -total 34.88% 148.833 1 Template:Reflist 29.55% 126.078 5 Template:Cite_web 25.82% 110.166 1 Template:Short_description 18.76% 80.066 1 Template:Infobox_royalty 15.15% 64.655 1 Template:Authority_control 14.56% 62.116 1 Template:Infobox 12.26% 52.320 5 Template:Main_other 11.56% 49.346 1 Template:SDcat 10.36% 44.202 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:75499851-0!canonical and timestamp 20240704181611 and revision id 1228900901. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Loulwa_bint_Yazeed_Al_Saud&oldid=1228900901 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Loulwa_bint_Yazeed_Al_Saud&oldid=1228900901) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1990s births (/wiki/Category:1990s_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) 21st-century Saudi Arabian businesspeople (/wiki/Category:21st-century_Saudi_Arabian_businesspeople) 21st-century Saudi Arabian women (/wiki/Category:21st-century_Saudi_Arabian_women) Saudi Arabian businesspeople in fashion (/wiki/Category:Saudi_Arabian_businesspeople_in_fashion) Saudi Arabian Muslims (/wiki/Category:Saudi_Arabian_Muslims) Princesses of Saudi Arabia (/wiki/Category:Princesses_of_Saudi_Arabia) Saudi Arabian women in business (/wiki/Category:Saudi_Arabian_women_in_business) Women chief executives (/wiki/Category:Women_chief_executives) Women company founders (/wiki/Category:Women_company_founders) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from December 2023 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_December_2023)
Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Japan portal (/wiki/Portal:Japan) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐28v29 Cached time: 20240714073236 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.039 seconds Real time usage: 0.054 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 21/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1490/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 3/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1041/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.020/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 715048/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 41.619 1 Template:Portal 100.00% 41.619 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:55884405-0!canonical and timestamp 20240714073236 and revision id 812030092. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Models from Gifu Prefecture" The following 7 pages are in this category, out of 7 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Go Ayano (/wiki/Go_Ayano) H Yu Hasebe (/wiki/Yu_Hasebe) K Akiko Kikuchi (/wiki/Akiko_Kikuchi) Naoki Kunishima (/wiki/Naoki_Kunishima) S Airi Suzuki (/wiki/Airi_Suzuki) Chinami Suzuki (/wiki/Chinami_Suzuki) Y Minase Yashiro (/wiki/Minase_Yashiro) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Models_from_Gifu_Prefecture&oldid=812030092 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Models_from_Gifu_Prefecture&oldid=812030092) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Japanese models by prefecture (/wiki/Category:Japanese_models_by_prefecture) People from Gifu Prefecture (/wiki/Category:People_from_Gifu_Prefecture)
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1970s fashion (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:1970s_fashion) . The main article for this category (/wiki/Help:Categories) is 1970s in fashion (/wiki/1970s_in_fashion) . 1920s (/wiki/Category:1920s_fashion) 1930s (/wiki/Category:1930s_fashion) 1940s (/wiki/Category:1940s_fashion) 1950s (/wiki/Category:1950s_fashion) 1960s (/wiki/Category:1960s_fashion) 1970s 1980s (/wiki/Category:1980s_fashion) 1990s (/wiki/Category:1990s_fashion) 2000s (/wiki/Category:2000s_fashion) 2010s (/wiki/Category:2010s_fashion) 2020s (/wiki/Category:2020s_fashion) 15th (/wiki/Category:15th-century_fashion) 16th (/wiki/Category:16th-century_fashion) 17th (/wiki/Category:17th-century_fashion) 18th (/wiki/Category:18th-century_fashion) 19th (/wiki/Category:19th-century_fashion) 20th (/wiki/Category:20th-century_fashion) 21st (/wiki/Category:21st-century_fashion) 22nd 23rd 24th 25th Contents Top (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:1970s_fashion) 0–9 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=0) A (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=A) B (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=B) C (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=C) D (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=D) E (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=E) F (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=F) G (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=G) H (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=H) I (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=I) J (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=J) K (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=K) L (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=L) M (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=M) N (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=N) O (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=O) P (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=P) Q (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=Q) R (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=R) S (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=S) T (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=T) U (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=U) V (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=V) W (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=W) X (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=X) Y (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=Y) Z (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&from=Z) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐65m4t Cached time: 20240720175840 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, no‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.187 seconds Real time usage: 0.495 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 543/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 29866/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3028/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 20/100 Expensive parser function count: 24/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 10144/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.116/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1670973/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 449.306 1 -total 44.16% 198.403 1 Template:Commons_category 43.55% 195.655 1 Template:Sister_project 43.05% 193.415 1 Template:Side_box 39.26% 176.398 1 Template:Navseasoncats_with_centuries_below_decade 35.17% 158.014 2 Template:If_then_show 9.89% 44.458 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 8.76% 39.362 2 Template:Category_other 7.47% 33.583 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 5.22% 23.447 1 Template:Category_TOC Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:3128099-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720175840 and revision id 1131804270. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 13 subcategories, out of 13 total. 0–9 1973 in fashion (/wiki/Category:1973_in_fashion) ‎ (1 P) C Clothing companies established in 1970 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1970) ‎ (11 P) Clothing companies established in 1971 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1971) ‎ (8 P) Clothing companies established in 1972 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1972) ‎ (11 P) Clothing companies established in 1973 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1973) ‎ (17 P) Clothing companies established in 1974 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1974) ‎ (13 P) Clothing companies established in 1975 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1975) ‎ (13 P) Clothing companies established in 1976 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1976) ‎ (7 P) Clothing companies established in 1977 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1977) ‎ (12 P) Clothing companies established in 1978 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1978) ‎ (13 P) Clothing companies established in 1979 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1979) ‎ (12 P) H Hippie movement (/wiki/Category:Hippie_movement) ‎ (10 C, 138 P) P Punk fashion (/wiki/Category:Punk_fashion) ‎ (25 P) Pages in category "1970s fashion" The following 180 pages are in this category, out of 180 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . 1970s in fashion (/wiki/1970s_in_fashion) A Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) Adidas Campus (/wiki/Adidas_Campus) Adidas Gazelle (/wiki/Adidas_Gazelle) Adidas Handball Spezial (/wiki/Adidas_Handball_Spezial) Adidas Superstar (/wiki/Adidas_Superstar) Adidas Top Ten (/wiki/Adidas_Top_Ten) Afro (/wiki/Afro) American fiber helmet (/wiki/American_fiber_helmet) Murray Arbeid (/wiki/Murray_Arbeid) Aviator sunglasses (/wiki/Aviator_sunglasses) B Sheridan Barnett (/wiki/Sheridan_Barnett) Jean Barthet (/wiki/Jean_Barthet) Beatle boot (/wiki/Beatle_boot) Bell-bottoms (/wiki/Bell-bottoms) Ben Sherman (/wiki/Ben_Sherman) Biba (/wiki/Biba) Biblical sandals (/wiki/Biblical_sandals) Big hair (/wiki/Big_hair) Bill Blass Group (/wiki/Bill_Blass_Group) Bohemian style (/wiki/Bohemian_style) Bolo tie (/wiki/Bolo_tie) Bon chic bon genre (/wiki/Bon_chic_bon_genre) Moya Bowler (/wiki/Moya_Bowler) Charm bracelet (/wiki/Charm_bracelet) Sheilagh Brown (/wiki/Sheilagh_Brown) Buckskins (/wiki/Buckskins) Bug-eye glasses (/wiki/Bug-eye_glasses) C Cagoule (/wiki/Cagoule) Calvin Klein (fashion house) (/wiki/Calvin_Klein_(fashion_house)) Fur wedge cap (/wiki/Fur_wedge_cap) Capezio (/wiki/Capezio) Capri pants (/wiki/Capri_pants) Car coat (/wiki/Car_coat) Cardigan (sweater) (/wiki/Cardigan_(sweater)) Castro clone (/wiki/Castro_clone) Soo Catwoman (/wiki/Soo_Catwoman) The Chelsea Cobbler (/wiki/The_Chelsea_Cobbler) Chuck Taylor All-Stars (/wiki/Chuck_Taylor_All-Stars) Converse (brand) (/wiki/Converse_(brand)) Cornrows (/wiki/Cornrows) Crinoline (/wiki/Crinoline) Crop top (/wiki/Crop_top) Cut-off (/wiki/Cut-off) Cutler and Gross (/wiki/Cutler_and_Gross) D Deborah & Clare (/wiki/Deborah_%26_Clare) Denim skirt (/wiki/Denim_skirt) Designer clothing (/wiki/Designer_clothing) Disco (/wiki/Disco) Disco pants (/wiki/Disco_pants) Dolfin Swimwear (/wiki/Dolfin_Swimwear) Michael Donnellan (fashion designer) (/wiki/Michael_Donnellan_(fashion_designer)) Dreadlocks (/wiki/Dreadlocks) Dress for Success (book) (/wiki/Dress_for_Success_(book)) Dress of the Year (/wiki/Dress_of_the_Year) E Earth shoe (/wiki/Earth_shoe) Empire silhouette (/wiki/Empire_silhouette) Esprit Holdings (/wiki/Esprit_Holdings) Clive Evans (fashion designer) (/wiki/Clive_Evans_(fashion_designer)) F Feathered hair (/wiki/Feathered_hair) Fedora (/wiki/Fedora) Flattop (/wiki/Flattop) Flip-flops (/wiki/Flip-flops) Fred Perry (clothing label) (/wiki/Fred_Perry_(clothing_label)) Fred Segal (/wiki/Fred_Segal) Diane von Fürstenberg (/wiki/Diane_von_F%C3%BCrstenberg) G Gap Inc. (/wiki/Gap_Inc.) Gattinoni (/wiki/Gattinoni) Gothic fashion (/wiki/Gothic_fashion) Gothic Western (/wiki/Gothic_Western) Granny dress (/wiki/Granny_dress) H Hair crimping (/wiki/Hair_crimping) Halston (/wiki/Halston) Halterneck (/wiki/Halterneck) Heirloom sewing (/wiki/Heirloom_sewing) Hip hop fashion (/wiki/Hip_hop_fashion) Hip-huggers (/wiki/Hip-huggers) Hippie (/wiki/Hippie) Freddie Hornik (/wiki/Freddie_Hornik) Hotpants (/wiki/Hotpants) I Induction cut (/wiki/Induction_cut) John Michael Ingram (/wiki/John_Michael_Ingram) ISKO (clothing company) (/wiki/ISKO_(clothing_company)) J Jheri curl (/wiki/Jheri_curl) Jigsaw (clothing retailer) (/wiki/Jigsaw_(clothing_retailer)) Betsey Johnson (/wiki/Betsey_Johnson) Jordache (/wiki/Jordache) Victor Joris (/wiki/Victor_Joris) K Kahn & Bell (/wiki/Kahn_%26_Bell) Kariba suit (/wiki/Kariba_suit) Kariyushi shirt (/wiki/Kariyushi_shirt) Keds (/wiki/Keds) Kipper tie (/wiki/Kipper_tie) Anne Klein (fashion designer) (/wiki/Anne_Klein_(fashion_designer)) L L'eggs (/wiki/L%27eggs) Lachasse (/wiki/Lachasse) Le Smoking (/wiki/Le_Smoking) Lee (brand) (/wiki/Lee_(brand)) Lettuce hem (/wiki/Lettuce_hem) Levi Strauss & Co. (/wiki/Levi_Strauss_%26_Co.) Lewis Leathers (/wiki/Lewis_Leathers) London Fog (company) (/wiki/London_Fog_(company)) Longchamp (company) (/wiki/Longchamp_(company)) Love Cosmetics (/wiki/Love_Cosmetics) M Mackinaw jacket (/wiki/Mackinaw_jacket) Mariner's cap (/wiki/Mariner%27s_cap) Mates by Irvine Sellars (/wiki/Mates_by_Irvine_Sellars) Mattli (/wiki/Mattli) Maxfield Parrish (clothing) (/wiki/Maxfield_Parrish_(clothing)) Gerald McCann (fashion designer) (/wiki/Gerald_McCann_(fashion_designer)) Christopher McDonnell (/wiki/Christopher_McDonnell) Miniskirt (/wiki/Miniskirt) Mood ring (/wiki/Mood_ring) Moon Boot (/wiki/Moon_Boot) Mujib coat (/wiki/Mujib_coat) Mullet (haircut) (/wiki/Mullet_(haircut)) Mushroom hat (/wiki/Mushroom_hat) N New Balance (/wiki/New_Balance) Newsboy cap (/wiki/Newsboy_cap) Nike, Inc. (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) Tommy Nutter (/wiki/Tommy_Nutter) O Onitsuka Tiger Corsair (/wiki/Onitsuka_Tiger_Corsair) Onitsuka Tiger Mexico 66 (/wiki/Onitsuka_Tiger_Mexico_66) P Pageboy (/wiki/Pageboy) Parka (/wiki/Parka) Peacock revolution (/wiki/Peacock_revolution) Pencil skirt (/wiki/Pencil_skirt) Petticoat (/wiki/Petticoat) Platform shoe (/wiki/Platform_shoe) Polo neck (/wiki/Polo_neck) Polo shirt (/wiki/Polo_shirt) Poncho (/wiki/Poncho) Pork pie hat (/wiki/Pork_pie_hat) Prairie dress (/wiki/Prairie_dress) Preppy (/wiki/Preppy) Puka shell (/wiki/Puka_shell) Lilly Pulitzer (/wiki/Lilly_Pulitzer) Puma Clyde (/wiki/Puma_Clyde) Puma Suede (/wiki/Puma_Suede) Punk fashion (/wiki/Punk_fashion) PVC clothing (/wiki/PVC_clothing) R Ralph Lauren Corporation (/wiki/Ralph_Lauren_Corporation) Rickrack (/wiki/Rickrack) Jeffrey Rogers (/wiki/Jeffrey_Rogers) S Claude Saint-Cyr (/wiki/Claude_Saint-Cyr) Seersucker (/wiki/Seersucker) Sex (boutique) (/wiki/Sex_(boutique)) Shag (haircut) (/wiki/Shag_(haircut)) Slim-fit pants (/wiki/Slim-fit_pants) Soffe (/wiki/Soffe) Spandex (/wiki/Spandex) Sports bra (/wiki/Sports_bra) Stefano Ricci (/wiki/Stefano_Ricci) Stirling Cooper (/wiki/Stirling_Cooper) Strapless dress (/wiki/Strapless_dress) Sundress (/wiki/Sundress) Surfer hair (/wiki/Surfer_hair) Sweater vest (/wiki/Sweater_vest) T Tattoo (/wiki/Tattoo) Teddy Boys (/wiki/Teddy_Boys) Aage Thaarup (/wiki/Aage_Thaarup) Thrift store chic (/wiki/Thrift_store_chic) Tie-dye (/wiki/Tie-dye) Toe socks (/wiki/Toe_socks) Topshop (/wiki/Topshop) Tracksuit (/wiki/Tracksuit) Trilby (/wiki/Trilby) Tube top (/wiki/Tube_top) V Gloria Vanderbilt (/wiki/Gloria_Vanderbilt) Varsity jacket (/wiki/Varsity_jacket) W Wedding dresses of Princess Anne of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Wedding_dresses_of_Princess_Anne_of_the_United_Kingdom) Wedge (footwear) (/wiki/Wedge_(footwear)) Western cosmetics in the 1970s (/wiki/Western_cosmetics_in_the_1970s) Western wear (/wiki/Western_wear) Vivienne Westwood (/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood) Wings (haircut) (/wiki/Wings_(haircut)) Women's Home Industries (/wiki/Women%27s_Home_Industries) Wonderbra (/wiki/Wonderbra) Wrangler (brand) (/wiki/Wrangler_(brand)) Wrap dress (/wiki/Wrap_dress) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&oldid=1131804270 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1970s_fashion&oldid=1131804270) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 20th-century fashion (/wiki/Category:20th-century_fashion) 1970s (/wiki/Category:1970s) 1970s in art (/wiki/Category:1970s_in_art) Fashion by decade (/wiki/Category:Fashion_by_decade) Hidden categories: Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata) Category series navigation decade and century (/wiki/Category:Category_series_navigation_decade_and_century) Template Category TOC via Automatic category TOC on category with 101–200 pages (/wiki/Category:Template_Category_TOC_via_Automatic_category_TOC_on_category_with_101%E2%80%93200_pages) Automatic category TOC generates standard Category TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_standard_Category_TOC)
NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐gcmjj Cached time: 20240714183156 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.002 seconds Real time usage: 0.003 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 1/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:64468054-0!canonical and timestamp 20240714183156 and revision id 966154091. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Cockades" The following 7 pages are in this category, out of 7 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . Cockade (/wiki/Cockade) A Cockade of Argentina (/wiki/Cockade_of_Argentina) C Cockade of Spain (/wiki/Cockade_of_Spain) F Cockade of France (/wiki/Cockade_of_France) I Cockade of Italy (/wiki/Cockade_of_Italy) P Cockade of Peru (/wiki/Cockade_of_Peru) U Cockade of Uruguay (/wiki/Cockade_of_Uruguay) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Cockades&oldid=966154091 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Cockades&oldid=966154091) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Uniforms (/wiki/Category:Uniforms) Hats (/wiki/Category:Hats) Ceremonial clothing (/wiki/Category:Ceremonial_clothing) Symbols (/wiki/Category:Symbols)
English fashion designer; maker of dresses for Princess Diana Murray Arbeid Born ( 1935-05-30 ) 30 May 1935 London Died 22 August 2011 (2011-08-22) (aged 76) Suffolk Occupation Fashion designer Murray Arbeid (1935–2011) was a British fashion designer, known for his eveningwear. His notable clients included Princess Diana (/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales) and Shirley Bassey (/wiki/Shirley_Bassey) . He once joked that if there were a Nobel Prize for creations in taffeta, he would have won it. [1] (#cite_note-Chicago_Tribune_Buck-1) Early life [ edit ] Arbeid was born in London, the son of East Enders (/wiki/East_End_of_London) Jack and Ida Arbeid. Jack Arbeid was a diamond cutter who had inherited a jewellery business and most of the family's friends were in the 'rag trade' – wholesaling and retailing clothes. [2] (#cite_note-Guardian_Horwell-2) During the war (/wiki/World_War_II) , like many children in vulnerable areas, Murray Arbeid was evacuated to Cornwall to escape the Blitz (/wiki/The_Blitz) . Returning to London with a Cornish accent, he attended Cosway Street School in Marylebone (/wiki/Marylebone) before studying at Regent Street Polytechnic (/wiki/Regent_Street#University_of_Westminster) (now University of Westminster (/wiki/University_of_Westminster) ), and then moving on to the London Institute of Fashion (/wiki/London_College_of_Fashion) to learn pattern cutting (/wiki/Pattern_(sewing)) . [2] (#cite_note-Guardian_Horwell-2) [3] (#cite_note-DT_Arbeid-3) Career beginnings [ edit ] His first job was with a garment house in Wigmore Street (/wiki/Wigmore_Street) , close to Oxford Street (/wiki/Oxford_Street) , where he earned 28 shillings and sixpence a week. [3] (#cite_note-DT_Arbeid-3) In 1952, he was apprenticed to Michael Sherard (/wiki/Michael_Sherard) , a member of the elite Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers (/wiki/Incorporated_Society_of_London_Fashion_Designers) and known for his occasion and evening wear. [4] (#cite_note-How_Fashion_Works_Waddell-4) Joining the firm a year before the coronation (/wiki/Coronation_of_Elizabeth_II) of Queen Elizabeth meant Arbeid was thrown into a busy environment as Britain's high society ladies refurbished their wardrobes. [5] (#cite_note-Indie_Pick-5) At Michael Sherard, Arbeid was taught by Mme Raymond, who had once been an apprentice of Madeleine Vionnet (/wiki/Madeleine_Vionnet) , and later the skilled dressmaker Alice Edwards – both of whom had impeccable Paris contacts as well as expertise. [2] (#cite_note-Guardian_Horwell-2) [3] (#cite_note-DT_Arbeid-3) Edwards, in particular, helped Arbeid to develop his customer manner. [2] (#cite_note-Guardian_Horwell-2) Establishment of fashion house [ edit ] Arbeid set up his own label when he was still in his mid 20s, renting space in George Street (/wiki/George_Street,_Marylebone) , close to Oxford Street. [3] (#cite_note-DT_Arbeid-3) As his business prospered in the 1970s, he moved to Bond Street (/wiki/Bond_Street) , sharing space with his partner the hat maker (/wiki/Milliner) Frederick Fox (/wiki/Frederick_Fox_(milliner)) . [2] (#cite_note-Guardian_Horwell-2) Later, Arbeid moved again – this time to the area round Sloane Square (/wiki/Sloane_Square) . [2] (#cite_note-Guardian_Horwell-2) Finally he would settle in Ebury Street, Belgravia (/wiki/Belgravia) . [3] (#cite_note-DT_Arbeid-3) His lavish ready-to-wear evening gowns – he didn't do wedding dresses or daywear – sold particularly well in the United States, with further markets in Japan, Germany and France. [2] (#cite_note-Guardian_Horwell-2) In the United States, his clients included Neiman Marcus (/wiki/Neiman_Marcus) , Saks Fifth Avenue (/wiki/Saks_Fifth_Avenue) and Lord & Taylor (/wiki/Lord_%26_Taylor) . [3] (#cite_note-DT_Arbeid-3) Twice a year, he would cross the Atlantic with a trunk show (/wiki/Trunk_show) to promote his collections to stores across the US. [3] (#cite_note-DT_Arbeid-3) In the UK, he had a substantial wholesale business, supplying gowns to major department stores such as Harrods (/wiki/Harrods) and Harvey Nichols (/wiki/Harvey_Nichols) and small exclusive stores outside the capital. [3] (#cite_note-DT_Arbeid-3) His typical client was older, moneyed and with a full calendar of engagements. [2] (#cite_note-Guardian_Horwell-2) Royal clients [ edit ] One of Arbeid's most prestigious clients was Princess Diana, who needed evening wear that had standout appeal and favoured British designers. [2] (#cite_note-Guardian_Horwell-2) Notable gowns include a star-embroidered blue strapless gown worn for dinner with the President of Greece (/wiki/Christos_Sartzetakis) in 1986, a black and red flamenco-style gown worn first to a film premiere, and a cream lace gown worn for a British Embassy dinner in Washington, D.C., with George and Barbara Bush (/wiki/The_Bush_family) during the 1986 official visit. [1] (#cite_note-Chicago_Tribune_Buck-1) [6] (#cite_note-WandH-6) [7] (#cite_note-ER_DD-7) These dresses – described by fellow royal gown designer Bruce Oldfield (/wiki/Bruce_Oldfield) as "gorgeous loss leaders" – boosted Arbeid's reputation and won him many other clients, particularly in the US. Other famous wearers of Arbeid gowns included Queen Noor of Jordan (/wiki/Queen_Noor_of_Jordan) , Shirley Bassey and Estée Lauder (/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_(businesswoman)) . [2] (#cite_note-Guardian_Horwell-2) Later life [ edit ] After Norman Hartnell (/wiki/Norman_Hartnell) 's death in 1979, Arbeid produced a guest collection for the fashion house. [2] (#cite_note-Guardian_Horwell-2) He retired from his business in 1992. [2] (#cite_note-Guardian_Horwell-2) He and his partner Frederick Fox lived in Suffolk (/wiki/Suffolk) , making rare visits to London for fashion events, such as the London College of Fashion graduation show. [8] (#cite_note-DT_Alexander-8) Arbeid was diagnosed with cancer in 2000 and given six months to live, proving the prognosis wrong by over a decade. [9] (#cite_note-Vogue_West-9) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Buck, Genevieve (1 July 1987). "Murray Arbeid Has A Few Words About Di, Fergie, Moms of the Bride And Happy Hour Chic" (http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1987-07-01/entertainment/8702180135_1_dress-diana-gown) . Chicago Tribune . Retrieved 18 August 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l Horwell, Veronica (30 October 2011). "Murray Arbeid obituary" (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2011/oct/30/murray-arbeid) . The Guardian . Retrieved 18 August 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h "Murray Arbeid" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/culture-obituaries/8736021/Murray-Arbeid.html?mobile=basic) . Daily Telegraph. 1 September 2011 . Retrieved 12 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-How_Fashion_Works_Waddell_4-0) Waddell, Gavin (2004). How Fashion Works: Couture, Ready-to-Wear and Mass Production . Oxford: Blackwell Science. pp. 175–7. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780632057528 . Retrieved 9 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Indie_Pick_5-0) Pick, Michael (1 February 1999). "Obituary: Michael Sherard" (https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/obituary-michael-sherard-1067998.html) . The Independent . Archived (https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220618/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/obituary-michael-sherard-1067998.html) from the original on 18 June 2022 . Retrieved 12 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-WandH_6-0) "Fashion rules exhibition at Kensington Palace" (http://www.womanandhome.com/galleries/news-and-entertainment/35580/2/0/fashion-rule-exhibition-princess-diana-dresses) . Woman & Home. 2014 . Retrieved 18 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-ER_DD_7-0) "The Diana dresses" (http://everythingroyal.com/thedianadresses.html) . everythingroyal.com . Everything royal. ^ (#cite_ref-DT_Alexander_8-0) Alexander, Hilary (1 June 2007). "Day 3: London College of Fashion" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG3360216/Day-3-London-College-of-Fashion.html) . Daily Telegraph . Retrieved 19 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Vogue_West_9-0) West, Hattie (1 November 2011). "Adieu Arbeid" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2011/11/01/murray-arbeid---died-august-2011-obituary) . Vogue . Retrieved 19 August 2014 . External links [ edit ] Profile at Historic Royal Palaces (https://web.archive.org/web/20140819204305/http://www.hrp.org.uk/KensingtonPalace/stories/palacehighlights/FashionRules/Designers) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000354930388) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/70694410) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJmXMXKj87RC8MtFTkcByd) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n97871887) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐6bfdd77f6c‐fsl9n Cached time: 20240623110613 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.463 seconds Real time usage: 0.622 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2409/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 24680/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1719/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 7/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 43542/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.292/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6548090/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 583.012 1 -total 32.40% 188.885 1 Template:Reflist 29.55% 172.300 1 Template:Infobox_person 25.61% 149.326 7 Template:Cite_news 17.82% 103.903 1 Template:Authority_control 14.21% 82.866 1 Template:Short_description 9.32% 54.365 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 7.93% 46.251 2 Template:Pagetype 6.78% 39.540 17 Template:Main_other 5.20% 30.322 1 Template:Birth_date Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:43601702-0!canonical and timestamp 20240623110613 and revision id 1157774386. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Murray_Arbeid&oldid=1157774386 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Murray_Arbeid&oldid=1157774386) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1935 births (/wiki/Category:1935_births) 2011 deaths (/wiki/Category:2011_deaths) 1950s fashion (/wiki/Category:1950s_fashion) 1960s fashion (/wiki/Category:1960s_fashion) 1970s fashion (/wiki/Category:1970s_fashion) 1980s fashion (/wiki/Category:1980s_fashion) LGBT fashion designers (/wiki/Category:LGBT_fashion_designers) Alumni of the London College of Fashion (/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_the_London_College_of_Fashion) Fashion designers from London (/wiki/Category:Fashion_designers_from_London) 20th-century English businesspeople (/wiki/Category:20th-century_English_businesspeople) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) EngvarB from September 2014 (/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_September_2014) Use dmy dates from September 2014 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_September_2014) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles with ISNI identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_ISNI_identifiers) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_WorldCat_Entities_identifiers) Articles with LCCN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers)
(Redirected from Girlfriend (fashion) (/w/index.php?title=Girlfriend_(fashion)&redirect=no) ) Practice of dressing like a different gender Irving Berlin (/wiki/Irving_Berlin) 's "This Is the Army, Mr. Jones", performed by cross-dressed U.S. Army soldiers (1942) [1] (#cite_note-Winkler-2016-1) Cross-dressing History of cross-dressing (/wiki/History_of_cross-dressing) In wartime (/wiki/Wartime_cross-dressers) History of drag (/wiki/History_of_drag) Rebecca Riots (/wiki/Rebecca_Riots) Casa Susanna (/wiki/Casa_Susanna) Pantomime dame (/wiki/Pantomime_dame) Principal boy (/wiki/Principal_boy) Travesti (theatre) (/wiki/Travesti_(theatre)) Travesti (gender identity) (/wiki/Travesti_(gender_identity)) Key elements Passing (/wiki/Passing_(gender)) Transvestism (/wiki/Transvestism) Modern drag (/wiki/Drag_(entertainment)) culture Ball culture (/wiki/Ball_culture) Drag king (/wiki/Drag_king) Drag pageantry (/wiki/Drag_pageantry) Drag queen (/wiki/Drag_queen) Female queen (drag) (/wiki/Female_queen_(drag)) Sexual practices Femdom (/wiki/Dominatrix) Feminization (/wiki/Feminization_(activity)) Petticoating (/wiki/Petticoating) Transvestic fetishism (/wiki/Transvestic_fetishism) Other aspects Cross-gender acting (/wiki/Cross-gender_acting) Crossplay (cosplay) (/wiki/Crossplay_(cosplay)) Passing as male (/wiki/Methods_of_passing_as_male) Breast binding (/wiki/Breast_binding) Stand-to-pee device (/wiki/Stand-to-pee_device) Packing (/wiki/Packing_(phallus)) Passing as female (/wiki/Methods_of_passing_as_female) Breast forms (/wiki/Breast_form) Cleavage enhancement (/wiki/Cleavage_enhancement) Hip and buttock padding (/wiki/Hip_and_buttock_padding) Tucking (/wiki/Tucking) Gaff (/wiki/Gaff_(clothing)) Organizations Tri-Ess (/wiki/Tri-Ess) Street Transvestite Action Revolutionaries (/wiki/Street_Transvestite_Action_Revolutionaries) Books My Husband Betty (/wiki/My_Husband_Betty) She's Not The Man I Married (/wiki/She%27s_Not_The_Man_I_Married) The Boy in the Dress (/wiki/The_Boy_in_the_Dress_(novel)) Theories Causes of gender incongruence (/wiki/Causes_of_gender_incongruence) Social construction of gender (/wiki/Social_construction_of_gender) v t e Part of a series (/wiki/Outline_of_transgender_topics) on Transgender topics (/wiki/Transgender) Outline (/wiki/Outline_of_transgender_topics) History (/wiki/Transgender_history) Timeline (/wiki/Timeline_of_transgender_history) Gender identities (/wiki/Gender_identity) Androgyne (/wiki/Androgyny#Gender_identity) Bissu, Calabai, Calalai (/wiki/Gender_in_Bugis_society) Burrnesha (/wiki/Balkan_sworn_virgins) Cisgender (/wiki/Cisgender) Gender bender (/wiki/Gender_bender) Hijra (/wiki/Hijra_(South_Asia)) Non-binary or genderqueer (/wiki/Non-binary_gender) Gender fluidity (/wiki/Gender_fluidity) Kathoey (/wiki/Kathoey) Koekchuch (/wiki/Koekchuch) Third gender (/wiki/Third_gender) Bakla (/wiki/Bakla) Faʻafafine (/wiki/Fa%CA%BBafafine) Femminiello (/wiki/Femminiello) Khanith (/wiki/Khanith) Māhū (/wiki/M%C4%81h%C5%AB) Mudoko dako (/wiki/Mudoko_dako) Mukhannath (/wiki/Mukhannath) Muxe (/wiki/Muxe) Travesti (/wiki/Travesti_(gender_identity)) Two-spirit (/wiki/Two-spirit) Winkte (/wiki/Winkte) X-gender (/wiki/X-gender) Trans man (/wiki/Trans_man) Trans woman (/wiki/Trans_woman) Fakaleitī (/wiki/Fakaleit%C4%AB) Mak nyah (/wiki/Mak_nyah) Rae-rae (/wiki/Rae-rae) Transgender (/wiki/Transgender) Youth (/wiki/Transgender_youth) Akava'ine (/wiki/Akava%27ine) Transsexual (/wiki/Transsexual) Health care (/wiki/Transgender_health_care) practices Gender clinic (/wiki/Gender_identity_clinic) Gender dysphoria (/wiki/Gender_dysphoria) in children (/wiki/Gender_dysphoria_in_children) Sex assignment (/wiki/Sex_assignment) Hormone therapy (/wiki/Transgender_hormone_therapy) feminizing (/wiki/Feminizing_hormone_therapy) masculinizing (/wiki/Masculinizing_hormone_therapy) Puberty-suppressing hormone therapy (/wiki/Puberty_blocker) Gender-affirming surgery (/wiki/Gender-affirming_surgery) female-to-male (/wiki/Gender-affirming_surgery_(female-to-male)) male-to-female (/wiki/Gender-affirming_surgery_(male-to-female)) Facial feminization surgery (/wiki/Facial_feminization_surgery) Facial masculinization surgery (/wiki/Facial_masculinization_surgery) Hair removal (/wiki/Hair_removal) Pregnancy (/wiki/Transgender_pregnancy) Assisted reproductive technology (/wiki/Use_of_assisted_reproductive_technology_by_LGBT_people) Voice therapy (/wiki/Transgender_voice_therapy) WPATH (/wiki/World_Professional_Association_for_Transgender_Health) Standards of Care (/wiki/Standards_of_Care_for_the_Health_of_Transgender_and_Gender_Diverse_People) Rights and legal status (/wiki/Legal_status_of_transgender_people) Gender self-identification (/wiki/Gender_self-identification) Legal gender (/wiki/Legal_gender) Non-binary gender (/wiki/Legal_recognition_of_non-binary_gender) Rights movement (/wiki/Transgender_rights_movement) Organizations (/wiki/List_of_transgender-rights_organizations) Political office-holders (/wiki/List_of_transgender_political_office-holders) Asylum (/wiki/Transgender_asylum_seekers) Healthcare (/wiki/Legal_status_of_gender-affirming_healthcare) Military service (/wiki/Transgender_people_and_military_service) South Korea (/wiki/Transgender_personnel_in_the_South_Korean_military) United States (/wiki/Transgender_personnel_in_the_United_States_military) Prisons (/wiki/LGBT_people_in_prison#Transgender_issues) Toilets Bathroom bills (/wiki/Bathroom_bill) Unisex (/wiki/Unisex_public_toilet) Anti-gender movement (/wiki/Anti-gender_movement) Gender-critical or trans-exclusionary radical feminism (/wiki/Gender-critical_feminism) Discrimination (/wiki/Transphobia) Non-binary (/wiki/Discrimination_against_non-binary_people) Parental rights movement (/wiki/Parental_rights_movement) Transgender men (/wiki/Discrimination_against_transgender_men) Transmisogyny (/wiki/Transmisogyny) Genocide (/wiki/Transgender_genocide) Inequality (/wiki/Transgender_inequality) Violence (/wiki/Violence_against_transgender_people) Murders (/wiki/List_of_people_killed_for_being_transgender) Trans panic defense (/wiki/Trans_panic_defense) Yogyakarta Principles (/wiki/Yogyakarta_Principles) Society and culture Events and awareness Awareness Week (/wiki/Transgender_Awareness_Week) Beauty pageants (/wiki/Category:Transgender_beauty_pageants) Day of Remembrance (/wiki/Transgender_Day_of_Remembrance) Day of Visibility (/wiki/International_Transgender_Day_of_Visibility) Flag (/wiki/Transgender_flag) March (/wiki/Trans_march) more (/wiki/Category:Transgender_events) Culture Fictional characters (/wiki/List_of_fictional_trans_characters) Film (/wiki/List_of_feature_films_with_transgender_characters) Literature (/wiki/Transgender_literature) Media portrayals (/wiki/Media_portrayals_of_transgender_people) People (/wiki/List_of_transgender_people) Non-binary (/wiki/List_of_people_with_non-binary_gender_identities) Publications (/wiki/List_of_transgender_publications) Religion (/wiki/Transgender_people_and_religion) Sports (/wiki/Transgender_people_in_sports) Television (/wiki/List_of_transgender_characters_in_television) Theory and concepts Androphilia and gynephilia (/wiki/Androphilia_and_gynephilia) Blanchard's typology (/wiki/Blanchard%27s_transsexualism_typology) Childhood gender nonconformity (/wiki/Childhood_gender_nonconformity) Cisgender / cissexual (/wiki/Cisgender) Cisnormativity (/wiki/Cisnormativity) Cross-dressing Deadnaming (/wiki/Deadnaming) Gender binary (/wiki/Gender_binary) Gender detransitioning (/wiki/Detransition) Gender expression (/wiki/Gender_expression) Gender transitioning (/wiki/Gender_transition) Gender identity (/wiki/Gender_identity) Gender-sexuality questioning (/wiki/Questioning_(sexuality_and_gender)) Gender variance (/wiki/Gender_variance) Postgenderism (/wiki/Postgenderism) Rapid-onset dysphoria (/wiki/Rapid-onset_gender_dysphoria_controversy) Studies (/wiki/Transgender_studies) Transfeminism (/wiki/Transfeminism) views (/wiki/Feminist_views_on_transgender_topics) Transmedicalism (/wiki/Transmedicalism) Transmisogyny (/wiki/Transmisogyny) By country (/wiki/Category:Transgender_by_continent) Rights Argentina (/wiki/Transgender_rights_in_Argentina) 2012 law (/wiki/Gender_Identity_Law_(Argentina)) 2021 law (/wiki/Diana_Sacay%C3%A1n_%E2%80%93_Lohana_Berkins_Law) Australia (/wiki/Transgender_rights_in_Australia) Brazil (/wiki/Transgender_rights_in_Brazil) Canada (/wiki/Transgender_rights_in_Canada) 2016 bill (/wiki/An_Act_to_amend_the_Canadian_Human_Rights_Act_and_the_Criminal_Code) China (/wiki/Transgender_people_in_China) Finland (/wiki/Transgender_history_in_Finland) France (/w/index.php?title=Transgender_people_in_France&action=edit&redlink=1) [ fr (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transidentit%C3%A9_en_France) ] Germany (/wiki/Transgender_rights_in_Germany) India 2014 bill (/wiki/Rights_of_Transgender_Persons_Bill,_2014) 2019 act (/wiki/Transgender_Persons_(Protection_of_Rights)_Act,_2019) Tamil Nadu (/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Tamil_Nadu) Iran (/wiki/Transgender_rights_in_Iran) Ireland (/wiki/Transgender_rights_in_Ireland) Pakistan 2017 bill (/wiki/Transgender_Persons_(Protection_of_Rights)_Bill,_2017) 2018 act (/wiki/Transgender_Persons_(Protection_of_Rights)_Act,_2018) New Zealand (/wiki/Transgender_rights_in_New_Zealand) Norway 2016 act (/wiki/Gender_Recognition_Act_(Norway)) Singapore (/wiki/Transgender_people_in_Singapore) South Africa 2003 act (/wiki/Alteration_of_Sex_Description_and_Sex_Status_Act,_2003) South Korea (/wiki/Transgender_people_in_South_Korea) Spain 2022 law (/wiki/Ley_Trans) United Kingdom (/wiki/Transgender_rights_in_the_United_Kingdom) 2004 act (/wiki/Gender_Recognition_Act_2004) United States (/wiki/Transgender_rights_in_the_United_States) Disenfranchisement (/wiki/Transgender_disenfranchisement_in_the_United_States) Title IX (/wiki/Gender_identity_under_Title_IX) Transphobia (/wiki/Transphobia_in_the_United_States) History (/wiki/Transgender_history) Argentina (/wiki/Transgender_history_in_Argentina) [ es (https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historia_transg%C3%A9nero_en_Argentina) ] Australia (/wiki/Transgender_history_in_Australia) Re Kevin (/wiki/Re_Kevin_%E2%80%93_validity_of_marriage_of_transsexual) Brazil (/wiki/Transgender_history_in_Brazil) China (/wiki/Transgender_history_in_China) Finland (/wiki/Transgender_history_in_Finland) Nazi Germany (/wiki/Transgender_people_in_Nazi_Germany) Singapore (/wiki/History_of_transgender_people_in_Singapore) United Kingdom (/wiki/Transgender_history_in_the_United_Kingdom) United States (/wiki/Transgender_history_in_the_United_States) Legality (/wiki/Transgender_legal_history_in_the_United_States) elected officials (/wiki/List_of_transgender_public_officeholders_in_the_United_States) Cafeteria riot (/wiki/Compton%27s_Cafeteria_riot) Stonewall (/wiki/Stonewall_riots) See also Gender (/wiki/Gender) Gender studies (/wiki/Gender_studies) Intersex (/wiki/Intersex) Queer heterosexuality (/wiki/Queer_heterosexuality) LGBT (/wiki/LGBT) Sex (/wiki/Sex) Sex–gender distinction (/wiki/Sex%E2%80%93gender_distinction) Sexual orientation (/wiki/Sexual_orientation) Social construction of gender (/wiki/Social_construction_of_gender) Transgender portal (/wiki/Portal:Transgender) LGBT portal (/wiki/Portal:LGBT) Category (/wiki/Category:Transgender) v t e Cross-dressing is the act of wearing clothes traditionally or stereotypically associated with a different gender (/wiki/Gender) . [2] (#cite_note-2) From as early as pre-modern history, cross-dressing has been practiced in order to disguise, comfort, entertain, and express oneself. [3] (#cite_note-3) Socialization (/wiki/Socialization) establishes social norms among the people of a particular society. With regard to the social aspects of clothing (/wiki/Social_aspects_of_clothing) , such standards may reflect guidelines relating to the style, color, or type of clothing that individuals are expected to wear. Such expectations may be delineated according to gender roles (/wiki/Gender_roles) . Cross-dressing involves dressing contrary to the prevailing standards (or in some cases, laws) for a person of their gender in their own society. [4] (#cite_note-4) The term "cross-dressing" refers to an action or a behavior, without attributing or implying any specific causes or motives for that behavior. Cross-dressing is not synonymous with being transgender (/wiki/Transgender) . Terminology [ edit ] The phenomenon of cross-dressing is seen throughout recorded history, being referred to as far back as the Hebrew Bible (/wiki/Hebrew_Bible) . [5] (#cite_note-aggrawal_2009_16_3-5) The terms used to describe it have changed throughout history; the Anglo-Saxon (/wiki/Anglo-Saxon) -rooted term "cross-dresser" is viewed more favorably than the Latin (/wiki/Latin) -origin term " transvestite (/wiki/Transvestite) " in some circles, where it has come to be seen as outdated and derogatory. [6] (#cite_note-Vaccaro-6) [7] (#cite_note-Capuzza-7) [8] (#cite_note-Zastrow-8) Its first mention originated in Magnus Hirschfeld's Die Transvestiten (/wiki/Die_Transvestiten) ( The Transvestites ) in 1910, originally associating cross-dressing with non-heterosexual behavior or derivations of sexual intent. Its connotations largely changed in the 20th century as its use was more frequently associated with sexual excitement, otherwise known as transvestic disorder. [9] (#cite_note-9) This term was historically used to diagnose psychiatric disorders (e.g. transvestic fetishism (/wiki/Transvestic_fetishism) ), but the former (cross-dressing) was coined by the transgender (/wiki/Transgender) community. [6] (#cite_note-Vaccaro-6) [10] (#cite_note-Gerstner-10) The Oxford English Dictionary (/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary) gives 1911 as the earliest citation of the term "cross-dressing", by Edward Carpenter (/wiki/Edward_Carpenter) : "Cross-dressing must be taken as a general indication of, and a cognate phenomenon to, homosexuality". In 1928, Havelock Ellis (/wiki/Havelock_Ellis) used the two terms "cross-dressing" and "transvestism" interchangeably. The earliest citations for "cross-dress" and "cross-dresser" are 1966 and 1976, respectively. [11] (#cite_note-11) En femme and en homme [ edit ] The term en femme [ɑ̃ (/wiki/Help:IPA/French) fam] (/wiki/Help:IPA/French) is a lexical borrowing (/wiki/Lexical_borrowing) of a French phrase. It is used in the transgender and crossdressing community to describe the act of wearing feminine clothing or expressing a stereotypically feminine personality. The term is borrowed from the modern French (/wiki/French_language) phrase en femme [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) meaning "as a woman." Most crossdressers also use a female (/wiki/Female) name whilst en femme ; that is their "femme name". In the cross-dressing community the persona a man adopts when he dresses as a woman is known as his " femme (/wiki/Femme) self". [14] (#cite_note-14) Between 1987 and 1991, JoAnn Roberts and CDS published a magazine called "En Femme" that was "for the transvestite, transsexual, crossdresser, and female impersonator (/wiki/Drag_queen) ." [15] (#cite_note-15) En homme [ɑ̃nɔm] (/wiki/Help:IPA/French) is a similar anglicized (/wiki/Anglicized) adaptation of a French phrase, used to describe the act of wearing masculine clothing or expressing a stereotypically masculine personality. [16] (#cite_note-16) The term is derived from the modern colloquial French phrase en tant qu'homme meaning "as a man" and the anglicized adaptation en homme literally translates as "in man". Most crossdressers also use a masculine name whilst en homme . History [ edit ] Frances Benjamin Johnston (/wiki/Frances_Benjamin_Johnston) (right) poses with two cross-dressing friends; the "lady" is identified by Johnston as the illustrator Mills Thompson c. 1890 . Main article: History of cross-dressing (/wiki/History_of_cross-dressing) See also: Trousers as women's clothing (/wiki/Trousers_as_women%27s_clothing) Non-Western history [ edit ] Lady Murasaki's (/wiki/Lady_Murasaki) classical novel The Tale of Genji (/wiki/The_Tale_of_Genji) from 1008 demonstrates the transgression between masculine and feminine beauty with characters that have no clear gender differentiability. Cross-dressing has been practiced throughout much of recorded history, in many societies, and for many reasons. Examples exist in Greek (/wiki/Greek_mythology) , Norse (/wiki/Norse_mythology) , and Hindu mythology (/wiki/Hindu_mythology) . Cross-dressing can be found in theater and religion, such as kabuki (/wiki/Kabuki) , Noh (/wiki/Noh) , and Korean shamanism (/wiki/Korean_shamanism) , as well as in folklore, literature, and music. For instance, in examining kabuki culture during Japan's edo period, cross-dressing was not only used for theater purposes but also because current societal trends: cross-dressing and the switching of genders was a familiar concept to the Japanese at the time which allowed them to interchange characters's genders easily and incorporate geisha fashion (/wiki/Geisha) into men's wear. [17] (#cite_note-17) This was especially common in the story-telling of ancient stories such as the character Benten from Benten Kozō (/wiki/Benten_Koz%C5%8D) . He was a thief in the play cross-dressing as a woman. Cross-dressing was also exhibited in Japanese Noh for similar reasons. Societal standards at the time broke boundaries between gender. For example, ancient Japanese portraits of aristocrats have no clear differentiation in characteristics between male and female beauty. Thus, in Noh performance, the cross-dressing of actors was common; especially given the ease of disguising biological sex with the use of masks and heavy robes. [18] (#cite_note-18) In a non-entertainment context, cross-dressing is also exhibited in Korean shamanism for religious purposes. Specifically, this is displayed in chaesu-gut, a shamanistic rite gut in which a shaman offers a sacrifice to the spirits to intermediate in the fortunes of the intended humans for the gut. Here, cross-dressing serves many purposes. Firstly, the shaman (typically a woman) would cross-dress as both male and female spirits can occupy her. This allows her to represent the opposite sex and become a cross-sex icon in 75% of the time of the ritual. This also allows her to become a sexually liminal being. It is clear that in entertainment, literature, art, and religion, different civilizations have utilized cross-dressing for many different purposes. [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) Western history [ edit ] Male performers putting on female costumes prior to a theatre performance. The figure on the left is wearing a mask and a second mask is lying on the ground between them. The masks represent a female character and they have a kerchief around the hair on the mask. Their costumes also include female clothing such as high boots and a chiton. Ceramic Athenian Pelike. Phiale Painter. Ancient Greek. Around 430 BCE. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston In the British and European context, theatrical troupes (" playing companies (/wiki/Playing_company) ") were all-male, with the female parts undertaken by boy players (/wiki/Boy_player) . The Rebecca Riots (/wiki/Rebecca_Riots) took place between 1839 and 1843 in West (/wiki/West_Wales) and Mid Wales (/wiki/Mid_Wales) . [21] (#cite_note-Welsh_Academy-21) They were a series of protests (/wiki/Protest) undertaken by local farmers and agricultural workers in response to unfair taxation. The rioters, often men dressed as women, took their actions against toll-gates (/wiki/Toll-gate) , as they were tangible representations of high taxes and tolls. The riots ceased prior to 1844 due to several factors, including increased troop levels, a desire by the protestors to avoid violence and the appearance of criminal groups using the guise of the biblical character Rebecca (/wiki/Rebecca) for their own purposes. [22] (#cite_note-22) In 1844 an Act of Parliament to consolidate and amend the laws relating to turnpike trusts (/wiki/Turnpike_trust) in Wales (/wiki/Wales) was passed. A variety of historical figures are known to have cross-dressed to varying degrees. Many women found they had to disguise themselves as men in order to participate in the wider world. For example, it is postulated that Margaret King (/wiki/Margaret_King) cross-dressed in the early 19th century to attend medical school, as universities at that time accepted only male students. A century later, Vita Sackville-West (/wiki/Vita_Sackville-West) dressed as a young soldier in order to "walk out" with her girlfriend Violet Keppel (/wiki/Violet_Keppel) , to avoid the street harassment that two women would have faced. The prohibition on women wearing male garb, once strictly applied, still has echoes today in some Western societies which require girls and women to wear skirts, for example as part of school uniform (/wiki/School_uniform) or office dress codes (/wiki/Dress_code) . [23] (#cite_note-23) In some countries, even in casual settings, women are still prohibited from wearing traditionally male clothing. [ citation needed ] Legal issues [ edit ] In many countries, cross-dressing was illegal under laws that identified it as indecent or immoral. Many such laws were challenged in the late 1900s giving people the right to freedom of gender expression with regard to their clothing. [24] (#cite_note-24) For instance, from 1840 forward, United States saw state and city laws forbidding people from appearing in public while dressed in clothes not commonly associated with their assigned sex. The goal of this wave of policies was to create a tool that would enforce a normative gender narrative, targeting multiple gender identities across the gender spectrum. With the progression of time, styles, and societal trends, it became even more difficult to draw the line between what was cross-dressing or not. Only recently have these laws changed. As recently as 2011, it was still possible for a man to get arrested for "impersonating a woman" — a vestige of the 19th century laws. [25] (#cite_note-pbs.org-25) Even with this, legal issues surrounding cross-dressing perpetuated all throughout the mid 20th century. During this time period, police would often reference laws that did not exist or laws that have been repealed in order to target the LGBTQ+ community. [26] (#cite_note-26) This extends beyond the United States: There still remains 13 UN member States that explicitly criminalize transgender individuals, and there exist even more countries that use a great deal of diverse laws to target them. The third edition of the Trans Legal Mapping Report, done by the International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans, and Intersex Association (/wiki/International_Lesbian,_Gay,_Bisexual,_Trans_and_Intersex_Association) found that an especially common method to target these individuals is through cross-dressing regulations. [27] (#cite_note-27) For instance, only in 2014 did an appeal court in Malaysia finally overturn a state law prohibiting Muslim men from cross-dressing as women. [25] (#cite_note-pbs.org-25) In the Australian state of Tasmania, cross-dressing in public was made a criminal offence in 1935, and this law was only repealed in 2000. [28] (#cite_note-28) [29] (#cite_note-29) Nepal (/wiki/Nepal) decriminalized cross-dressing in 2007. [30] (#cite_note-30) Varieties [ edit ] There are many different kinds of cross-dressing and many different reasons why an individual might engage in cross-dressing behavior. [31] (#cite_note-eucwqo-31) Some people cross-dress as a matter of comfort or style, a personal preference for clothing associated with the opposite gender. Some people cross-dress to shock others or challenge social norms (/wiki/Norm_(sociology)) ; others will limit their cross-dressing to underwear, so that it is not apparent. Some people attempt to pass as a member of the opposite gender in order to gain access to places or resources they would not otherwise be able to reach. Theater and performance [ edit ] Single-sex theatrical troupes often have some performers who cross-dress to play roles written for members of the opposite sex ( travesti (/wiki/Travesti_(theatre)) and trouser roles (/wiki/Trouser_role) ). Cross-dressing, particularly the depiction of males wearing dresses, was historically used for comic effect onstage and on-screen. Boy player (/wiki/Boy_player) refers to children who performed in Medieval (/wiki/Medieval_theatre) and English Renaissance (/wiki/English_Renaissance_theatre) playing companies (/wiki/Playing_companies) . Some boy players worked for the adult companies and performed the female roles as women did not perform on the English stage in this period. Others worked for children's companies in which all roles, not just the female ones, were played by boys. [32] (#cite_note-Chambers-1923-32) (pp 1–76) [33] (#cite_note-Halliday-1964-33) In an effort to clamp down on kabuki (/wiki/Kabuki) 's popularity, women's kabuki, known as onna-kabuki , was banned in 1629 in Japan for being too erotic. [34] (#cite_note-An_Outline_History_of_the_Japanese_Drama-34) Following this ban, young boys began performing in wakashū (/wiki/Wakash%C5%AB) -kabuki , which was also soon banned. [34] (#cite_note-An_Outline_History_of_the_Japanese_Drama-34) Thus adult men play female roles in kabuki. Dan (/wiki/Dan_role) is the general name for female roles in Chinese opera (/wiki/Chinese_opera) , often referring to leading roles. They may be played by male or female actors. In the early years of Peking opera (/wiki/Peking_opera) , all dan roles were played by men, but this practice is no longer common in any Chinese opera genre. Women have often been excluded from Noh (/wiki/Noh#Women_in_Noh) , and men often play female characters in it. [35] (#cite_note-Nohauto-35) Drag (/wiki/Drag_(clothing)) is a special form of performance art (/wiki/Performance_art) based on the act of cross-dressing. A drag queen (/wiki/Drag_queen) is usually a male-assigned (/wiki/Sex_assignment) person who performs as an exaggeratedly feminine character, in heightened costuming sometimes consisting of a showy dress, high-heeled shoes, obvious make-up, and wig (/wiki/Wig_(hair)) . A drag queen may imitate famous female film or pop-music stars. A faux queen (/wiki/Faux_queen) is a female-assigned person employing the same techniques. A drag king (/wiki/Drag_king) is a counterpart of the drag queen – a female-assigned person who adopts a masculine persona in performance or imitates a male film or pop-music star. Some female-assigned people undergoing Gender-affirming surgery (/wiki/Gender-affirming_surgery) also self-identify as 'drag kings'. Drag queens (/wiki/Drag_queen) Lady Bunny (/wiki/Lady_Bunny) (left) and Sherry Vine (/wiki/Sherry_Vine) (right) in 2008. Drag is a form of cross-dressing as performance art (/wiki/Performance_art) . The modern activity of battle reenactments (/wiki/Battle_reenactment) has raised the question of women passing as male soldiers. In 1989, Lauren Burgess dressed as a male soldier in a U.S. National Park Service (/wiki/U.S._National_Park_Service) reenactment of the Battle of Antietam (/wiki/Battle_of_Antietam) , and was ejected after she was discovered to be a woman. Burgess sued the Park Service for sexual discrimination (/wiki/Sexual_discrimination) . [36] (#cite_note-36) The case spurred spirited debate among Civil War buffs. In 1993, a federal judge ruled in Burgess's favor. [37] (#cite_note-37) "Wigging" refers to the practice of male stunt doubles (/wiki/Stunt_double) taking the place of an actress, parallel to " paint downs (/wiki/Blackface) ", where white stunt doubles are made up to resemble black actors. [38] (#cite_note-38) Female stunt doubles have begun to protest this norm of "historical sexism", saying that it restricts their already limited job possibilities. [39] (#cite_note-39) [40] (#cite_note-40) British pantomime, television and comedy [ edit ] Comedian Dan Leno (/wiki/Dan_Leno) as Widow Twankey (/wiki/Widow_Twankey) in the 1896 pantomime (/wiki/Pantomime) Aladdin at Theatre Royal, Drury Lane (/wiki/Theatre_Royal,_Drury_Lane) , London Cross-dressing is a traditional popular trope in British comedy (/wiki/British_comedy) . [41] (#cite_note-41) The pantomime dame (/wiki/Pantomime_dame) in British pantomime (/wiki/Pantomime) dates from the 19th century, which is part of the theatrical tradition of female characters portrayed by male actors in drag. Widow Twankey (/wiki/Widow_Twankey) (Aladdin's mother) is a popular pantomime dame: in 2004 Ian McKellen (/wiki/Ian_McKellen) played the role. The Monty Python (/wiki/Monty_Python) comedy troupe donned frocks and makeup, playing female roles while speaking in falsetto (/wiki/Falsetto) . [42] (#cite_note-42) Character comics such as Benny Hill (/wiki/Benny_Hill) and Dick Emery (/wiki/Dick_Emery) drew upon several female identities. In the BBC's long-running sketch show The Dick Emery Show (/wiki/The_Dick_Emery_Show) (broadcast from 1963 to 1981), Emery played Mandy, a busty peroxide blonde whose catchphrase, "Ooh, you are awful ... but I like you!", was given in response to a seemingly innocent remark made by her interviewer, but perceived by her as ribald double entendre. [43] (#cite_note-43) The popular tradition of cross dressing in British comedy extended to the 1984 music video for Queen (/wiki/Queen_(band)) 's " I Want to Break Free (/wiki/I_Want_to_Break_Free) " where the band parody several female characters from the soap opera Coronation Street (/wiki/Coronation_Street) . [44] (#cite_note-44) Sexual fetishes [ edit ] A transvestic fetishist wearing latex clothes A transvestic fetishist (/wiki/Transvestic_fetishism) is a person who cross-dresses as part of a sexual fetish (/wiki/Sexual_fetish) . According to the fourth edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders) , this fetishism was limited to heterosexual (/wiki/Heterosexual) men; however, DSM-5 does not have this restriction, and opens it to women and men, regardless of their sexual orientation (/wiki/Sexual_orientation) . [45] (#cite_note-45) Sometimes either member of a heterosexual couple will cross-dress in order to arouse the other. For example, the male might wear skirts or lingerie and/or the female will wear boxers or other male clothing. (See also forced feminization (/wiki/Forced_feminization) ) Passing [ edit ] Main article: Passing (gender) (/wiki/Passing_(gender)) Some people who cross-dress may endeavor to project a complete impression of belonging to another gender, including mannerisms, speech (/wiki/Speech_communication) patterns, and emulation of sexual characteristics (/wiki/Sex-determination_system) . This is referred to as passing or "trying to pass", depending how successful the person is. An observer who sees through the cross-dresser's attempt to pass is said to have "read" or "clocked" them. There are videos, books, and magazines on how a man may look more like a woman. [46] (#cite_note-46) Others may choose to take a mixed approach, adopting some feminine traits and some masculine traits in their appearance. For instance, a man might wear both a dress and a beard. This is sometimes known as " genderfuck (/wiki/Gender_bender) ". In a broader context, cross-dressing may also refer to other actions undertaken to pass as a particular sex, such as packing (/wiki/Packing_(phallus)) (accentuating the male crotch bulge) or, the opposite, tucking (/wiki/Tucking) (concealing the male crotch bulge). [47] (#cite_note-47) Gender disguise [ edit ] Gender disguise has been used by women and girls to pass (/wiki/Passing_(gender)) as male, and by men and boys to pass as female. Gender disguise has also been used as a plot device (/wiki/Plot_device) in storytelling, particularly in narrative ballads (/wiki/Ballads) , [48] (#cite_note-child106-48) and is a recurring motif in literature, theater, and film. Historically, some women have cross-dressed to take up male-dominated or male-exclusive professions, such as military service. Conversely, some men have cross-dressed to escape from mandatory military service [a] (#cite_note-49) or as a disguise to assist in political or social protest, as men in Wales did in the Rebecca Riots (/wiki/Rebecca_Riots) and when conducting Ceffyl Pren (/wiki/Ceffyl_Pren) as a form of mob justice. [ citation needed ] Depiction of Welsh labourers dressed in women's clothing within the Rebecca Riots, Illustrated London News 1843 Sports [ edit ] Conversation surrounding exclusion and gender inequality in sports (/wiki/Women%27s_rights_in_sports) has been around for decades. Some women have dressed as men to enter male sports, or registered in male sports using an alias. Roberta "Bobbi" Gibb [ edit ] Roberta "Bobbi" Gibb (/wiki/Bobbi_Gibb) is the first woman to have competed in the Boston Marathon (/wiki/Boston_Marathon) . In 1966 Bobbi Gibb wrote a letter to the Boston Athletic Association (/wiki/Boston_Athletic_Association) asking to participate in the race happening that year. When Gibb received her letter back in the mail she was faced with the news that her entry to the race was denied due to her gender. Rather than just accept her fate, Gibb did not take no for an answer and decided to run the marathon anyways—however, she would do it hidden as a man. On the day of the race Gibb showed up in an oversized sweatshirt, her brother's shorts, and men's running shoes. Gibb hid in the bushes until the race started and then joined in with the crowd. Eventually her fellow runners figured out Gibb's real gender but stated that they would make sure that she finished the race. Gibb ended up finishing her first Boston Marathon in 3 hours, 27 minutes and 40 seconds. [49] (#cite_note-50) She crossed the finish line with blistered, bleeding feet from the men's running shoes she was wearing. [50] (#cite_note-51) Gibb's act of defiance influenced other women marathon runners of the time like Katherine Switzer (/wiki/Katherine_Switzer) , who also registered under an alias to be able to run the race in 1967. It would not be until 1972 until there was an official women's race within the Boston Marathon. [ citation needed ] Sam Kerr [ edit ] Sam Kerr (/wiki/Sam_Kerr) is a forward for the Australian Women's Soccer Team (/wiki/Australia_women%27s_national_soccer_team) and Chelsea FC (/wiki/Chelsea_F.C._Women) in the FA Women's Super League (/wiki/FA_Women%27s_Super_League) . Kerr has been regarded as one of the best forward players in the sport and has been one of the most highly paid players in women's soccer as well. While Kerr now shares the world state with other great women soccer players, as a young child she shared the field with young boys. Kerr grew up in a suburb of Perth (/wiki/Perth) where there was little to no access to young girls soccer teams in the direct area. Not having a girls team to play on did not bother Kerr though, she simply played on a youth boys team where all of her teammates just assumed she was also a boy. Kerr states in her book My Journey to the World Cup that she continued to hide her gender because she did not want to be treated any differently. In her book Kerr also revealed that when one of her teammates found out that she was, in fact a girl, he cried. While Kerr's act of hiding her gender was initially an accident, it is still an example of how women (and in the case a young girl) can create opportunities for themselves by looking or acting as a man. [51] (#cite_note-52) War [ edit ] One of the most common instances of gender disguise is in the instance of war/militaristic situations. From Joan of Arc in the 15th century to Mulan (/wiki/Mulan_(Disney_character)) from the animated Disney (/wiki/The_Walt_Disney_Company) Mulan to young girls in World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) , there have been many different people of many different sexes (/wiki/Sex) that disguise themselves as men in order to be able to fight in wars. [ citation needed ] Joan of Arc [ edit ] Born c. 1412 , [52] (#cite_note-53) St Joan of Arc (/wiki/Joan_of_Arc) or the Maid of Orleans is one of the oldest examples of gender disguise. At 13, after receiving a revelation that she was supposed to lead the French to victory over the English in the 100 years war (/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_War) , [53] (#cite_note-54) Joan donned the clothing (/wiki/Cross-dressing,_gender_identity,_and_sexuality_of_Joan_of_Arc) of a male soldier in the French army (/wiki/French_Army) . Joan was able to convince King Charles the VIII to allow her to take the lead of some of the French armies in order to help him get his crown back. Ultimately, Joan of Arc was successful in claiming victory over the English but was captured in 1430 and found guilty of heresy (/wiki/Heresy) , leading to her execution in 1431 (/wiki/1431) .The impact of her actions was seen even after Joan's death in 1431. During the suffragette movement, Joan of Arc was used as an inspiration for the movement, particularly in Britain (/wiki/Great_Britain) where many used her actions as fuel for their fight for political reform (/wiki/Political_reform) . [54] (#cite_note-55) Deborah Sampson [ edit ] Born in 1760 in Plympton, Massachusetts (/wiki/Plympton,_Massachusetts) , [55] (#cite_note-56) Deborah Sampson (/wiki/Deborah_Sampson) was the first female soldier in the US Army (/wiki/United_States_Army) . [56] (#cite_note-57) The only woman in the Revolution (/wiki/American_Revolution) to receive a full military pension (/wiki/Pension) , at age 18 Deborah took the name “Robert Shirtleff” and enlisted in union forces (/wiki/Union_(American_Civil_War)) . In her capacity as a soldier, she was very successful, being named captain (/wiki/Captain) and leading an infantry in the capture of 15 enemy soldiers among other things. [57] (#cite_note-58) One and a half years into service, her true sex (/wiki/Sex) was revealed when she had to receive medical care. Following an honorable discharge (/wiki/Military_discharge) , Deborah petitioned congress for her full pay that was withheld on the grounds of being an “invalid soldier” and eventually received it. [58] (#cite_note-59) She died in 1827 at age 66. [59] (#cite_note-60) Even after her death, Deborah Sampson continues to be a "hero of the American Revolution (/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War) ". [60] (#cite_note-61) In 2019, a diary (/wiki/Diary) from corporal Abner Weston shares about Deborah Sampson's previously unknown first attempt to enlist in the Continental Army (/wiki/Continental_Army) . [61] (#cite_note-62) These women are just a few among many who have disguised themselves as men in order to be able to fight in many different wars. Others who have used gender disguise for this purpose include Kit Kavanaugh/Christian Davies (/wiki/Christian_Davies) , Hannah Snell (/wiki/Hannah_Snell) , Sarah Emma Edmonds (/wiki/Sarah_Emma_Edmonds) , Frances Clayton (/wiki/Frances_Clayton) , Dorothy Lawrence (/wiki/Dorothy_Lawrence) , Zoya Smirnow (/wiki/Zoya_Smirnow) , and Brita Olofsdotter (/wiki/Brita_Olofsdotter) . [62] (#cite_note-:3-63) [63] (#cite_note-64) Journalism and culture [ edit ] In some instances, women in journalism deem is necessary to wear the identity of a man in order to gather information that is only accessible from the male point of view. In other cases, people cross-dress to navigate certain cultures and/or specific circumstances that involve strict gender norms and expectations. [62] (#cite_note-:3-63) [64] (#cite_note-65) Norah Vincent [ edit ] Norah Vincent (/wiki/Norah_Vincent) , author of the book Self-Made Man: One Woman's Journey Into Manhood and Back Again (/wiki/Self-Made_Man_(book)) , used gender disguise in order to go undercover as a man to penetrate men's social circles and experience life as a man. In 2003, Vincent put her life on pause to adopt a new masculine identity as Ned Vincent. [65] (#cite_note-66) She worked with a makeup artist and vocal coach in order to convincingly play the role of a biological man. She wore an undersized sports bra, a stuffed jock strap, and size 11½ shoes to deceive those around her. In her book, Vincent makes discoveries about socialization, romance, sex, and stress as a man that leads her to conclude that, “[Men] have different problems than women have, but they don't have it better.” [66] (#cite_note-67) However, Vincent developed controversial opinions about sex and gender, claiming that transgender people are not legitimate until they undergo hormone therapy and surgical intervention. After writing Self-Made Man, Vincent became a victim of depression; she died by medically assisted suicide in 2022. [67] (#cite_note-68) Bacha posh [ edit ] Bacha posh (/wiki/Bacha_posh) , an Afghani tradition, involves the crossdressing of young Afghan girls by their families so that they present to the public as boys. Families engage in bacha posh so that their daughters may avoid the oppression that women face under Afghanistan (/wiki/Afghanistan) 's deeply patriarchal (/wiki/Patriarchy) society. Other reasons for having a bacha posh daughter include economic pressure, as girls and women are generally prohibited from work in contemporary Afghanistan, [68] (#cite_note-69) [69] (#cite_note-:02-70) and social pressure, as families with boys tend to be more well regarded in Afghan society. [70] (#cite_note-71) [69] (#cite_note-:02-70) While there is no law that prohibits bacha posh (/wiki/Bacha_posh) , girls are expected to revert to traditional gender norms upon reaching puberty (/wiki/Puberty) . [71] (#cite_note-72) [72] (#cite_note-73) [73] (#cite_note-:1-74) According to Thomas Barfield, an anthropology professor at Boston University (/wiki/Boston_University) , bacha posh is "one of the most under-investigated" topics in the realm of gender studies, making difficult to determine exactly how common the practice is in Afghan society. [73] (#cite_note-:1-74) However, some prominent female figures in Afghan society have admitted to being bacha posh (/wiki/Bacha_posh) in their youth. A more famous example of this is Afghan parliament member Azita Rafaat. Rafaat claims that bacha posh (/wiki/Bacha_posh) was a positive experience that built her self-confidence in Afghanistan's heavily patriarchal society and gave her a more well rounded understanding of women's issues in Afghanistan. [69] (#cite_note-:02-70) Fashion [ edit ] Some male crossdressers seek a more subtle feminine image. The actual determination of cross-dressing is largely socially constructed (/wiki/Social_constructionism) . [74] (#cite_note-75) For example, in Western society, trousers have long been adopted for usage by women, and it is no longer regarded as cross-dressing. [75] (#cite_note-76) In cultures where men have traditionally worn skirt-like garments (/wiki/Men%27s_skirts) such as the kilt (/wiki/Kilt) or sarong (/wiki/Sarong) , these are not seen as women's clothing, and wearing them is not seen as cross-dressing for men. In many parts of the world, it remains socially disapproved for men to wear clothes traditionally associated with women. [76] (#cite_note-77) Cosplaying (/wiki/Cosplaying) may also involve cross-dressing, for some females may wish to dress as a male, and vice versa (see crossplay (/wiki/Crossplay_(cosplay)) ). Females may choose to chest bind while cosplaying a male character. [77] (#cite_note-78) While creating a more feminine figure, male cross-dressers will may utilize breast forms (/wiki/Breast_forms) or breast plates to give the appearance of breasts. [78] (#cite_note-:4-79) [79] (#cite_note-80) Some male cross-dressers may also cinch their waists or use padding to create a profile that appears more stereotypically feminine. [78] (#cite_note-:4-79) [80] (#cite_note-81) A crossdresser wearing breastforms While most male cross-dressers utilize clothing associated with modern women, some are involved in subcultures that involve dressing as little girls [81] (#cite_note-Bent-82) [82] (#cite_note-Bennett-83) or in vintage clothing (/wiki/Vintage_clothing) . Some such men have written that they enjoy dressing as femininely as possible, so they wear frilly dresses with lace and ribbons, bridal gowns (/wiki/Bridal_gown) complete with veils, as well as multiple petticoats (/wiki/Petticoat) , corsets (/wiki/Corset) , girdles (/wiki/Girdle) and/or garter belts (/wiki/Garter_belt) with nylon stockings (/wiki/Nylon_stockings) . The term underdressing is used by male cross-dressers to describe wearing female undergarments such as panties under their male clothes. The famous low-budget film-maker Edward D. Wood Jr. (/wiki/Edward_D._Wood_Jr.) (who also went out in public dressed in drag as "Shirley", his female alter ego [83] (#cite_note-84) ) said he often wore women's underwear under his military uniform as a Marine during World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) . [84] (#cite_note-85) Female masking is a form of cross-dressing in which men wear masks that present them as female. [85] (#cite_note-86) Some drag kings (/wiki/Drag_king) may use binders or chest plates to give the impression of a more stereotypically male physique, but others forego this. [86] (#cite_note-87) They may also paste or draw on fake facial hair. [87] (#cite_note-88) Drag kings and assigned female at birth (/wiki/Assigned_female) cosplayers may use socks or a phallic prosthetic for packing to create the appearance of a male bulge. [88] (#cite_note-89) Social issues [ edit ] A Morning Frolic, or the Transmutation of the Sexes ( c. 1780 , artist unknown) depicts a man and a woman exchanging items of clothing in a parody of the satirical drawings of John Collet (/wiki/John_Collett_(artist)) , which were considered to be vulgar at the time. Cross-dressers may begin wearing clothing associated with the opposite sex in childhood, using the clothes of a sibling, parent, or friend. Some parents have said they allowed their children to cross-dress and, in many cases, the child stopped when they became older. The same pattern often continues into adulthood, where there may be confrontations with a spouse, partner, family member or friend. Married cross-dressers can experience considerable anxiety and guilt if their spouse objects to their behavior. Sometimes because of guilt or other reasons cross-dressers dispose of all their clothing, a practice called "purging", only to start collecting the other gender's clothing again. [31] (#cite_note-eucwqo-31) Festivals [ edit ] Celebrations of cross-dressing occur in widespread cultures. The Abissa (/wiki/Abissa) festival in Côte d'Ivoire, [89] (#cite_note-90) Ofudamaki (/w/index.php?title=Ofudamaki&action=edit&redlink=1) in Japan, [90] (#cite_note-91) and Kottankulangara Festival (/wiki/Kottankulangara_Festival) in India [91] (#cite_note-92) are all examples of this. Analysis [ edit ] Advocacy for social change has done much to relax the constrictions of gender roles on men and women, but they are still subject to prejudice from some people. [92] (#cite_note-93) [93] (#cite_note-94) [94] (#cite_note-95) It is noticeable that as being transgender becomes more socially accepted as a normal human condition, the prejudices against cross-dressing are changing quite quickly, just as the similar prejudices against homosexuals have changed rapidly in recent decades. [95] (#cite_note-96) The reason it is so hard to have statistics for female cross-dressers is that the line where cross-dressing stops and cross-dressing begins [ clarification needed ] has become blurred, whereas the same line for men is as well defined as ever. This is one of the many issues being addressed by third wave feminism as well as the modern-day masculist (/wiki/Masculism) movement. The general culture [ clarification needed ] has very mixed views about cross-dressing. A woman who wears her husband's shirt to bed is considered attractive, while a man who wears his wife's nightgown to bed may be considered transgressive. Marlene Dietrich (/wiki/Marlene_Dietrich) in a tuxedo was considered very erotic; Jack Lemmon (/wiki/Jack_Lemmon) in a dress was considered ridiculous. [96] (#cite_note-97) All this may result from an overall gender role rigidity for males; that is, because of the prevalent gender dynamic throughout the world, men frequently encounter discrimination when deviating from masculine gender norms, particularly violations of heteronormativity (/wiki/Heteronormativity) . [97] (#cite_note-98) A man's adoption of feminine clothing is often considered a going down in the gendered social order whereas a woman's adoption of what are traditionally men's clothing (at least in the English-speaking world) has less of an impact because women have been traditionally subordinate to men, unable to affect serious change through style of dress. Thus when a male cross-dresser puts on his clothes, he transforms into the quasi-female and thereby becomes an embodiment of the conflicted gender dynamic. Following the work of Judith Butler (/wiki/Judith_Butler) , gender proceeds along through ritualized performances, but in male cross-dressing it becomes a performative "breaking" of the masculine and a "subversive repetition" of the feminine. [98] (#cite_note-Butler-99) [ non-primary source needed ] Psychoanalysts today do not regard cross-dressing by itself as a psychological problem, unless it interferes with a person's life. "For instance," said Joseph Merlino, senior editor of Freud at 150: 21st Century Essays on a Man of Genius , "[suppose that]...I'm a cross-dresser and I don't want to keep it confined to my circle of friends, or my party circle, and I want to take that to my wife and I don't understand why she doesn't accept it, or I take it to my office and I don't understand why they don't accept it, then it's become a problem because it's interfering with my relationships and environment." [99] (#cite_note-100) Cross-dressing in the 21st century [ edit ] Fashion trends [ edit ] Camp fashion (/wiki/Camp_(style)) made an appearance during the 2019 Met Gala (/wiki/Met_Gala) which had the theme of "Camp: Notes on Fashion." A themed exhibit of the same name (/wiki/Camp:_Notes_on_Fashion) was later displayed at the Met Fifth Avenue (/wiki/The_Met_Fifth_Avenue) . Cross-dressing today is much more common and normalized thanks to trends such as camp (/wiki/Camp_(style)) fashion and androgynous (/wiki/Androgynous) fashion. These trends have long histories but have recently been popularized thanks to major designers, fashion media, and celebrities today. Camp is a style of fashion that has had a long history extending all the way back to the Victorian era to the modern era. During the Victorian era (/wiki/Victorian_era) up until the mid-20th century, it was defined as an exaggerated and flamboyant style of dressing. [100] (#cite_note-:0-101) This was typically associated with ideas of effeminacy (/wiki/Effeminacy) , de-masculization, and homosexuality. [101] (#cite_note-102) As the trend entered the 20th century, it also developed an association with a lack of conduct, creating the connotation that those who engaged in Camp are unrefined, improper, distasteful, and, essentially, undignified. Though this was its former understanding, Camp has now developed a new role in the fashion industry. It is considered a fashion style that has "failed seriousness" and has instead become a fun way of self-expression. Thanks to its integration with high fashion and extravagance, Camp is now seen as a high art form of absurdity: including loud, vibrant, bold, fun, and empty frivolity. [100] (#cite_note-:0-101) Drag icon RuPaul (/wiki/RuPaul) speaking at RuPaul's DragCon (/wiki/RuPaul%27s_DragCon_LA) in Los Angeles in 2019. Camp is often used in drag culture as a method of exaggerating or inversing traditional conceptions of what it means to be feminine. In actuality, the QTPOC community has had a large impact on Camp. This is exhibited by ballroom culture (/wiki/Ballroom_culture) , camp/glamour queens, Black '70s funk, Caribbean Carnival costumes, Blaxploitation movies, "pimp/player fashion", and more. This notion has also been materialized by camp icons such as Josephine Baker (/wiki/Josephine_Baker) and RuPaul (/wiki/RuPaul) . [100] (#cite_note-:0-101) Androgynous fashion is described as neither masculine nor feminine rather it is the embodiment of a gender inclusive and sexually neutral fashion of expression. The general understanding of androgynous fashion is mixing both masculine and feminine pieces with the goal of producing a look that has no visual differentiations between one gender or another. This look is achieved by masking the general body so that one cannot identify the biological sex of an individual given the silhouette of the clothing pieces: Therefore, many androgynous looks include looser, baggier clothing that can conceal curves in the female body or using more "feminine" fabrics and prints for men. Musician Harry Styles (/wiki/Harry_Styles) wearing a shimmery pussy-bow (/wiki/Pussy_bow) blouse at a concert in Saint Paul (/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota) in 2018. Both of these style forms have been normalized and popularized by celebrities such as Harry Styles (/wiki/Harry_Styles) , Timothée Chalamet (/wiki/Timoth%C3%A9e_Chalamet) , Billie Eilish (/wiki/Billie_Eilish) , Princess Diana (/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales) , and more. [102] (#cite_note-103) Societal changes [ edit ] An individual crossplaying (/wiki/Crossplay_(cosplay)) as Misty (/wiki/Misty_(Pok%C3%A9mon)) from the popular anime (/wiki/Anime) Pokémon (/wiki/Pok%C3%A9mon_(TV_series)) at Chicago Comic & Entertainment Expo (/wiki/Chicago_Comic_%26_Entertainment_Expo) in 2015. Beyond fashion, cross-dressing in non-Western countries has not fully outgrown the negative connotations that it has in the West. For instance, many Eastern and Southeastern Asian countries have a narrative of discrimination and stigma against LGBTQ+ and cross-dressing individuals. This is especially evident in the post-pandemic world. During this time, it was clear to see the failures of these governments to provide sufficient support to these individuals due to a lack of legal services, lack of job opportunity, and more. For instance, to be able to receive government aid, these individuals need to be able to quickly change their legal name, gender, and other information on official ID documents. [103] (#cite_note-:2-104) This fault augmented the challenges of income loss, food insecurity, safe housing, healthcare, and more for many trans and cross-dressing individuals. This was especially pertinent as many of these individuals relied on entertainment and sex work for income. With the pandemic removing these job opportunities, the stigmatisation and discrimination against these individuals only increased, especially in Southeast Asian countries. [103] (#cite_note-:2-104) On the other hand, some Asian countries have grown to be more accepting of cross-dressing as modernization has increased. For instance, among Japan's niche communities, there exists the otokonoko (/wiki/Otokonoko) . This is a group of male-assigned individuals who engage in female cross-dressing as a form of gender expression. This trend originated with manga (/wiki/Manga) and grew with an increase in maid cafes (/wiki/Maid_caf%C3%A9) , cosplaying (/wiki/Cosplay) , and more in the 2010s. [104] (#cite_note-105) With the normalization of this through cosplay, cross-dressing has become a large part of otaku (/wiki/Otaku) and anime (/wiki/Anime) culture. [105] (#cite_note-106) In 2023 Noor Alsaffar (/wiki/Death_of_Noor_Alsaffar) , an Iraqi vlogger and model, who described themselves as a cross-dresser, was murdered. [106] (#cite_note-107) [107] (#cite_note-108) [108] (#cite_note-109) The killing of Alsaffar appears to be linked to an increase in homophobia and transphobia in Iraq. [109] (#cite_note-:03-110) Across media [ edit ] Main articles: Cross-dressing in literature (/wiki/Cross-dressing_in_literature) , Cross-dressing in film and television (/wiki/Cross-dressing_in_film_and_television) , and Cross-dressing in music and opera (/wiki/Cross-dressing_in_music_and_opera) Actress Lucie Höflich (/wiki/Lucie_H%C3%B6flich) portraying Viola in a Berlin (/wiki/Berlin) production of Twelfth Night (/wiki/Twelfth_Night) in 1907. Women dressed as men, and less often men dressed as women, is a common trope in fiction [110] (#cite_note-C&G_395-111) and folklore. For example, in Thrymskvitha (/wiki/Thrymskvitha) , Thor (/wiki/Thor) disguised himself as Freya (/wiki/Freya) . [110] (#cite_note-C&G_395-111) These disguises (/wiki/Disguise) were also popular in Gothic fiction (/wiki/Gothic_fiction) , such as in works by Charles Dickens (/wiki/Charles_Dickens) , Alexandre Dumas, père (/wiki/Alexandre_Dumas,_p%C3%A8re) , and Eugène Sue (/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Sue) , [110] (#cite_note-C&G_395-111) and in a number of Shakespeare (/wiki/Shakespeare) 's plays, such as Twelfth Night (/wiki/Twelfth_Night) . In The Wind in the Willows (/wiki/The_Wind_in_the_Willows) , Toad dresses as a washerwoman, and in The Lord of the Rings (/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings) , Éowyn (/wiki/%C3%89owyn) pretends to be a man. In science fiction (/wiki/Science_fiction) , fantasy (/wiki/Fantasy) and women's literature (/wiki/Women%27s_literature) , this literary motif (/wiki/Literary_motif) is occasionally taken further, with literal transformation of a character from male to female or vice versa. Virginia Woolf (/wiki/Virginia_Woolf) 's Orlando: A Biography (/wiki/Orlando:_A_Biography) focuses on a man who becomes a woman, as does a warrior in Peter S. Beagle (/wiki/Peter_S._Beagle) 's The Innkeeper's Song ; [111] (#cite_note-C&G_396-112) while in Geoff Ryman (/wiki/Geoff_Ryman) 's The Warrior Who Carried Life (/wiki/The_Warrior_Who_Carried_Life) , Cara magically transforms herself into a man. [111] (#cite_note-C&G_396-112) Other popular examples of gender disguise include Madame Doubtfire (/wiki/Madame_Doubtfire) (published as Alias Madame Doubtfire in the United States) and its movie adaptation Mrs. Doubtfire (/wiki/Mrs._Doubtfire) , featuring a man disguised as a woman. [112] (#cite_note-113) Similarly, the movie Tootsie (/wiki/Tootsie) features Dustin Hoffman disguised as a woman, while the movie The Associate (/wiki/The_Associate_(1996_film)) features Whoopi Goldberg disguised as a man. Japanese fashion designer and visual kei (/wiki/Visual_kei) musician Mana (/wiki/Mana_(Japanese_musician)) of the bands Malice Mizer (/wiki/Malice_Mizer) and Moi dix Mois (/wiki/Moi_dix_Mois) is notable for wearing traditionally female clothes. He is credited with popularizing cross-dressing among visual kei bands. [113] (#cite_note-114) Medical views [ edit ] The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (/wiki/International_Statistical_Classification_of_Diseases_and_Related_Health_Problems) listed dual-role transvestism (non-sexual cross-dressing) [114] (#cite_note-115) and fetishistic transvestism (cross-dressing for sexual pleasure) as disorders in its 10th edition, [115] (#cite_note-116) but both were removed for the 11th edition (/wiki/ICD-11) , which came into effect in 2022. [116] (#cite_note-lgbtq-117) Transvestic fetishism (/wiki/Transvestic_fetishism) is a paraphilia (/wiki/Paraphilia) and a psychiatric diagnosis [ need quotation to verify ] in the DSM-5 (/wiki/DSM-5) version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders) . [117] (#cite_note-DSM-5-paraphillic-118) [ needs update ] See also [ edit ] fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Breeches role (/wiki/Breeches_role) Breeching (boys) (/wiki/Breeching_(boys)) Cross-dressing ball (/wiki/Cross-dressing_ball) Cross-gender acting (/wiki/Cross-gender_acting) Femboy (/wiki/Femboy) Femminiello (/wiki/Femminiello) Gender identity (/wiki/Gender_identity) Gender variance (/wiki/Gender_variance) List of transgender-related topics (/wiki/List_of_transgender-related_topics) List of transgender-rights organizations (/wiki/List_of_transgender-rights_organizations) List of wartime crossdressers (/wiki/List_of_wartime_crossdressers) Otokonoko (/wiki/Otokonoko) , male crossdressing in Japan Queer heterosexuality (/wiki/Queer_heterosexuality) Sex and gender distinction (/wiki/Sex_and_gender_distinction) Social construction of gender (/wiki/Social_construction_of_gender) Sexual orientation hypothesis (/wiki/Sexual_orientation_hypothesis) Tri-Ess (/wiki/Tri-Ess) Womanless wedding (/wiki/Womanless_wedding) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-49) See the television series MASH (/wiki/MASH_(TV_series)) for an example of a cross-dresser who did not want to serve in the military (Max Klinger). Although the character was played for laughs, his situation was based on military regulations prohibiting cross-dressing. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Winkler-2016_1-0) Winkler, Sheldon (5 December 2016). " (https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/this-is-the-army-irving-berlins-war/) 'This is the Army': Irving Berlin's War" (https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/this-is-the-army-irving-berlins-war/) . Warfare History Network . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240718121040/https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/this-is-the-army-irving-berlins-war/) from the original on 18 July 2024 . Retrieved 29 June 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "What does transgender mean?" (https://www.apa.org/topics/lgbtq/transgender) . American Psychological Association. 2014. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230208195456/https://www.apa.org/topics/lgbtq/transgender) from the original on 8 February 2023 . Retrieved 27 January 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Clothing Sex, Sexing Clothes: Transvestism, Material Culture and the Sex and Gender Debate". Unzipping Gender . 2004. pp. 13–30. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2752/9781847888952/unzipgend0005 (https://doi.org/10.2752%2F9781847888952%2Funzipgend0005) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-84788-895-2 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Bicchieri, Cristina; Muldoon, Ryan; Sontuoso, Alessandro (2018), "Social Norms" (https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2018/entries/social-norms/) , in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2018 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200322042537/https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2018/entries/social-norms/) from the original on 2020-03-22 , retrieved 2022-12-01 ^ (#cite_ref-aggrawal_2009_16_3_5-0) Aggrawal, Anil. (April 2009). "References to the paraphilias and sexual crimes in the Bible". J Forensic Leg Med . 16 (3): 109–14. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1016/j.jflm.2008.07.006 (https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jflm.2008.07.006) . PMID (/wiki/PMID_(identifier)) 19239958 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19239958) . ^ Jump up to: a b Annemarie Vaccaro; Gerri August; Megan S. Kennedy (2011). Safe Spaces: Making Schools and Communities Welcoming to LGBT Youth . ABC-CLIO (/wiki/ABC-CLIO) . p. 142. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-313-39368-6 . Retrieved October 21, 2016 . Cross-dresser/cross-dressing. (1) The most neutral word to describe a person who dresses, at least partially or part of the time, and for any number of reasons, in clothing associated with another gender within a particular society. Carries no implications of 'usual' gender appearance, or sexual orientation. Has replaced transvestite, which is outdated, problematic, and generally offensive since it was historically used to diagnose medical/mental health disorders. ^ (#cite_ref-Capuzza_7-0) Jamie C. Capuzza; Leland G. Spencer (2015). Transgender Communication Studies: Histories, Trends, and Trajectories . Lexington Books (/wiki/Lexington_Books) . p. 174. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4985-0006-7 . Retrieved October 21, 2016 . Eventually, the transvestite label fell out of favor because it was deemed to be derogatory; cross-dresser has emerged as a more suitable replacement ( GLAAD (/wiki/GLAAD) , 2014b). ^ (#cite_ref-Zastrow_8-0) Charles Zastrow (2016). Empowerment Series: Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People . Cengage Learning (/wiki/Cengage_Learning) . p. 239. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-305-38833-8 . Retrieved October 21, 2016 . the term transvestite is often considered an offensive term. ^ (#cite_ref-9) "transvestism \| Britannica" (https://www.britannica.com/topic/transvestism) . www.britannica.com . Retrieved 2022-12-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-Gerstner_10-0) David A. Gerstner (2006). Routledge International Encyclopedia of Queer Culture . Routledge (/wiki/Routledge) . p. 568. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-313-39368-6 . Retrieved October 21, 2016 . A variety of derogatory terms are still used to describe any aspect of the transgender condition. [...] The term transvestite being older [than cross-dresser] and associated with the medical community's negative view of the practice, has come to be seen as a derogatory term. [...] The term cross-dresser, in contrast, having come from the transgender community itself, is a term seen as not possessing these negative connotations. ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Home: Oxford English Dictionary" (https://web.archive.org/web/20210307191918/https://www.oed.com/;jsessionid=54290019DADF286E3311933DC816B7ED?authRejection=true&url=%2Fview%2FEntry%2F44812%3FredirectedFrom%3Dcross-dress) . www.oed.com . Archived from the original (http://www.oed.com/;jsessionid=54290019DADF286E3311933DC816B7ED?authRejection=true&url=%2Fview%2FEntry%2F44812%3FredirectedFrom%3Dcross-dress) on 2021-03-07 . Retrieved 2019-02-17 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Butler, Kirstin (June 1, 2023). "We Were Never Meant to See this Photograph \| American Experience \| PBS" (https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/casa-susanna-we-were-never-meant-to-see-this-photograph/) . www.pbs.org . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240718121100/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/casa-susanna-we-were-never-meant-to-see-this-photograph/) from the original on 2024-07-18 . Retrieved 2024-03-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Julia Serano's trans, gender, sexuality, & activism glossary" (http://www.juliaserano.com/terminology.html) . www.juliaserano.com . Retrieved 2024-03-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Boyd, Helen (2004). My Husband Betty: Love, Sex and Life With a Cross-Dresser . Sdal Press. p. 64. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1560255153 . [ permanent dead link ] ^ (#cite_ref-15) Roberts, JoAnn (December 1990). "En femme magazine" (https://archive.org/details/enfemmemagazine21unse/page/n1/mode/2up) . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Scott, Joan Wallach (1996). "The Radical Individualism of Madeleine Pelletier" (https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv1smjv00.8) . Only Paradoxes to Offer: French Feminists and the Rights of Man . Harvard University Press. pp. 140–141. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-674-63930-0 . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) j.ctv1smjv00.8 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv1smjv00.8) . To re-dress the female body 'en homme' was to signal its autonomy and its individuality . . . . She herself wore closely cropped hair, a starched collar, tie, and suit coat long before these had become fashionable attire for 'modern' women after World War 1. . . . She understood her transvestism as a transgression of prevailing norms, a way of establishing her individuality in the face of a disapproving crowd ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Cross-dressers in Ukiyo-e \| 太田記念美術館 Ota Memorial Museum of Art" (http://www.ukiyoe-ota-muse.jp/exhibition-eng/crossdressors) (in Japanese). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221201011917/http://www.ukiyoe-ota-muse.jp/exhibition-eng/crossdressors) from the original on 2022-12-01 . Retrieved 2022-12-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Intersections: Children in Late Sixteenth and Early Seventeenth Century Lowland Philippine Societies" (http://intersections.anu.edu.au/issue16/saeki.htm) . intersections.anu.edu.au . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221201011923/http://intersections.anu.edu.au/issue16/saeki.htm) from the original on 2022-12-01 . Retrieved 2022-12-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Panoussi, Vassiliki (2023-04-19), "cross-dressing" (https://oxfordre.com/classics/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.001.0001/acrefore-9780199381135-e-8634) , Oxford Classical Dictionary , doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.013.8634 (https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facrefore%2F9780199381135.013.8634) , ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-19-938113-5 , archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240423125531/https://oxfordre.com/classics/display/10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.001.0001/acrefore-9780199381135-e-8634) from the original on 2024-04-23 , retrieved 2024-03-24 ^ (#cite_ref-20) Duggan, Anne E.; Haase, Donald; Callow, Helen J. (2016). Folktales and fairy tales: traditions and texts from around the world (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. pp. 241–3. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-61069-253-3 . Prohibited in many societies, cross-dressing, or wearing the clothing of the other sex, is nonetheless practiced or narrated around the world in ritual, dance, balladry, theater, folktales, fairy tales, short stories, and novels. Transvestism, as it is also known, is an integral part of many folk ritual practices. ^ (#cite_ref-Welsh_Academy_21-0) Davies, John; Jenkins, Nigel (2008). The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales . Cardiff: University of Wales Press. p. 730. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7083-1953-6 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Gross, David M. (2014). 99 Tactics of Successful Tax Resistance Campaigns . Picket Line Press. pp. 68–69. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4905-7274-1 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) Doig, Liz (November 4, 1999). "Who's wearing the trousers?" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/505095.stm) . BBC News UK . BBC. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20081123005510/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/505095.stm) from the original on 23 November 2008 . Retrieved 12 December 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Chapter seven: Gender Expression and Cross-dressing" (https://www.icj.org/sogi-casebook-introduction/chapter-seven-gender-expression-and-cross-dressing/) . International Commission of Jurists . Retrieved 2022-11-14 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Arresting dress: A timeline of anti-cross-dressing laws in the United States" (https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/arresting-dress-timeline-anti-cross-dressing-laws-u-s) . PBS NewsHour . 2015-05-31. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240718120857/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/arresting-dress-timeline-anti-cross-dressing-laws-u-s) from the original on 2024-07-18 . Retrieved 2022-12-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) Ryan, Hugh (28 June 2019). "How Dressing in Drag Was Labeled a Crime in the 20th Century" (https://www.history.com/news/stonewall-riots-lgbtq-drag-three-article-rule) . HISTORY . Retrieved 2022-12-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) Srikanth, Anagha (2020-09-30). "It is still illegal to be transgender in these countries" (https://thehill.com/changing-america/respect/equality/519060-it-is-still-illegal-to-be-transgender-in-these-countries/) . The Hill . Retrieved 2022-12-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) Delaney, Martine (8 April 2019). "How Tasmania is going from worst to best on transgender human rights" (https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/apr/08/how-tasmania-is-going-from-worst-to-best-on-transgender-human-rights) . The Guardian . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190504185844/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/apr/08/how-tasmania-is-going-from-worst-to-best-on-transgender-human-rights) from the original on 4 May 2019 . Retrieved 15 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) "Evening Cross-Dressing Legal in Tasmania" (https://abcnews.go.com/International/story?id=82131&page=1) . ABC News . Retrieved 2023-06-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) Salerno, Rob (April 22, 2024). "Out in the World: LGBTQ news from Europe and Asia" (https://www.washingtonblade.com/2024/04/22/out-in-the-world-lgbtq-news-from-europe-and-asia-21/,%20https://www.washingtonblade.com/2024/04/22/out-in-the-world-lgbtq-news-from-europe-and-asia-21/) . www.washingtonblade.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240718121101/https://www.washingtonblade.com/2024/04/22/out-in-the-world-lgbtq-news-from-europe-and-asia-21/) from the original on July 18, 2024 . Retrieved April 24, 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b Rainbow Reader , Fort Wayne, Indiana ^ (#cite_ref-Chambers-1923_32-0) Chambers, E.K. (/wiki/Edmund_Kerchever_Chambers) (1923). The Elizabethan Stage . Vol. 2. Oxford, UK: Clarendon Press. ^ (#cite_ref-Halliday-1964_33-0) Halliday, F.E. (/wiki/F._E._Halliday) (1964). A Shakespeare Companion 1564–1964 . Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books. pp. 35, 71, 98–101. ^ Jump up to: a b Lombard, Frank Alanson (1928). An Outline History of the Japanese Drama . London: George Allen & Unwin LTD. pp. 287–295. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-138-91983-9 . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220320073931/http://theatrehistory.com/asian/kabuki001.html) from the original on 2022-03-20 . Retrieved 2022-06-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-Nohauto_35-0) "Living And Breathing History, Through Noh" (https://thetheatretimes.com/living-breathing-history-noh/) . March 24, 2018. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220618180243/https://thetheatretimes.com/living-breathing-history-noh) from the original on June 18, 2022 . Retrieved June 15, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-36) Robinson, Lynda (September 30, 1991). "Battle re-enactor finds herself at war with U.S. Park Service" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180815024639/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1991-09-30/news/1991273008_1_re-enactors-civil-war-burgess/2) . The Baltimore Sun (/wiki/The_Baltimore_Sun) . Trif Alatzas. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1930-8965 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1930-8965) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 244481759 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/244481759) . Archived from the original (http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1991-09-30/news/1991273008_1_re-enactors-civil-war-burgess/2) on 2018-08-15 . Retrieved 13 August 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-37) Meyer, Eugene L (March 18, 1993). "Woman Wins Fight Over Civil War 'Battle' Garb" (https://articles.latimes.com/1993-03-18/news/mn-12369_1_civil-war-generals) . Los Angeles Times (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240718121042/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-03-18-mn-12369-story.html) from the original on 2024-07-18 . Retrieved 14 August 2018 . U.S. District Judge Royce C. Lamberth ruled that... the Antietam park policy of 'categorically barring women from portraying male soldiers... constitutes unconstitutional discrimination against women.' ^ (#cite_ref-38) Robb, David (17 May 2018). "Stuntwomen Panel: Evangeline Lilly Says She Was Intentionally Injured While Filming 'Lost' (https://deadline.com/2018/05/stuntwomen-panel-evangeline-lilly-deven-macnair-1202393558/) " (https://deadline.com/2018/05/stuntwomen-panel-evangeline-lilly-deven-macnair-1202393558/) . Deadline . Retrieved 12 December 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-39) Carroll, Rory (10 February 2018). " (https://www.theguardian.com/film/2018/feb/10/wigging-stuntmen-doubling-for-women-lawsuit) 'It's historical sexism' – the fight to end stuntmen doubling for women" (https://www.theguardian.com/film/2018/feb/10/wigging-stuntmen-doubling-for-women-lawsuit) . The Guardian . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240718121100/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2018/feb/10/wigging-stuntmen-doubling-for-women-lawsuit) from the original on 18 July 2024 . Retrieved 12 December 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-40) Lavelle, Daniel (27 November 2018). "Why stuntwomen are angry about 'wigging' – and are changing the industry from within" (https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/nov/27/why-stuntwomen-are-angry-about-wigging-and-are-changing-the-industry-from-within) . The Guardian . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240718121101/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/nov/27/why-stuntwomen-are-angry-about-wigging-and-are-changing-the-industry-from-within) from the original on 18 July 2024 . Retrieved 12 December 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-41) "The Brits and Cross-Dressing: A History" (http://www.bbcamerica.com/anglophenia/2014/11/brits-cross-dressing-history) . BBC America. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190426175832/http://www.bbcamerica.com/anglophenia/2014/11/brits-cross-dressing-history) from the original on 26 April 2019 . Retrieved 26 April 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-42) Martel, Ned (22 February 2006). "Cross-Dressing and Fish-Slapping, One Python at a Time" (https://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/22/arts/television/crossdressing-and-fishslapping-one-python-at-a-time.html) . The New York Times . The New York Times. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240718121109/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/22/arts/television/crossdressing-and-fishslapping-one-python-at-a-time.html) from the original on 18 July 2024 . Retrieved 26 April 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-43) "The Dick Emery Show" (https://www.britishclassiccomedy.co.uk/ooh-you-are-awful-but-i-like-you) . British classic comedy . Retrieved 26 April 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-44) McAlpine, Fraser (29 November 2018). "10 things you may not know about Queen's biggest 80s hits" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/4C6GqGSRcDydqhJNh5xpgyZ/10-things-you-may-not-know-about-queens-biggest-80s-hits) . BBC. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240718121446/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/4C6GqGSRcDydqhJNh5xpgyZ/10-things-you-may-not-know-about-queens-biggest-80s-hits) from the original on 18 July 2024 . Retrieved 6 January 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-45) http://www.dsm5.org/Documents/Paraphilic%20Disorders%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf (http://www.dsm5.org/Documents/Paraphilic%20Disorders%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20161123042559/http://www.dsm5.org/Documents/Paraphilic%20Disorders%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf) 2016-11-23 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) DSM-5 Documents: Paraphilic Disorders Fact Sheet ^ (#cite_ref-46) Transformation magazine; interviews for Rainbow Reader , Fort Wayne, Indiana ^ (#cite_ref-47) Rankin, Sue; Beemyn, Genny (September 2012). "Beyond a Binary: The Lives of Gender-Nonconforming Youth". About Campus: Enriching the Student Learning Experience . 17 (4): 2–10. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1002/abc.21086 (https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fabc.21086) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 145529045 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145529045) . ^ (#cite_ref-child106_48-0) Child, Francis James (2003). The English and Scottish Popular Ballads . Vol. II. Dover Publications Inc. pp. 428–432. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-486-43146-8 . ^ (#cite_ref-50) Boyer, Leroy (December 6, 2022). "RUNNING: Run for the Diamonds celebrates milestone". Republican & Herald . ^ (#cite_ref-51) Petri, Alexandra (October 11, 2021). "Roberta Gibb broke barriers in the Boston Marathon. Now there's a statue of her feet" (https://advance.lexis.com/api/document?collection=news&id=urn:contentItem:63TP-S8P1-JBG3-61MD-00000-00&context=1516831.) . The New York Times . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240718121447/https://signin.lexisnexis.com/lnaccess/app/signin?back=https%3A%2F%2Fadvance.lexis.com%3A443%2Furl-api%2Flaapi%2Fdocument%3Fcollection%3Dnews%26id%3Durn%253AcontentItem%253A63TP-S8P1-JBG3-61MD-00000-00%26context%3D1516831.&aci=la) from the original on July 18, 2024 . Retrieved October 30, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-52) Saeed, Daanyal (August 14, 2023). "Sam Kerr details why she had to hide her gender as a junior footballer" (https://www.news.com.au/sport/football/sam-kerr-opens-up-on-why-she-had-to-hide-her-gender-as-a-junior-footballer/news-story/031f7ce28ba2237ffa5296a5b8bdff5c) . news.com.au . Retrieved September 27, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-53) "Joan of Arc" (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Joan-of-Arc) . 26 March 2024. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190130222443/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Joan-of-Arc) from the original on 30 January 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-54) "Joan of Arc -- World History" (https://www.worldhistory.org/Joan_of_Arc/) . ^ (#cite_ref-55) "How Joan of Arc Inspired Women's Suffragists" (https://publicmedievalist.com/joan-of-arc-inspired-suffragists/#:~:text=Still%2C%20Joan's%20life%20and%20legend,Reims%20a%20few%20months%20later.) . The Public Medievalist . 10 September 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240718122627/https://publicmedievalist.com/joan-of-arc-inspired-suffragists/#:~:text=Still%2C%20Joan's%20life%20and%20legend,Reims%20a%20few%20months%20later.) from the original on 18 July 2024 . Retrieved 10 October 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-56) "Deborah Sampson" (https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/deborah-sampson?gclid=CjwKCAjwyNSoBhA9EiwA5aYlbyKd_p6BMuOINFc0a10m6ORAqIBvuaOgE1alHQCnOT_QC0dC5VMD_RoCXU4QAvD_BwE) . National Women's History Museum . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240718122010/https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/deborah-sampson) from the original on 2024-07-18 . Retrieved 2023-10-10 . ^ (#cite_ref-57) "Deborah Sampson, U.S. Army" (https://foundationforwomenwarriors.org/deborah-sampson-u-s-army/) . Foundation for Women Warriors . March 2017. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240718123622/https://foundationforwomenwarriors.org/deborah-sampson-u-s-army/) from the original on 2024-07-18 . Retrieved 2023-10-10 . ^ (#cite_ref-58) "Deborah Sampson" (https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/deborah-sampson/) . George Washington's Mount Vernon . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231017105659/https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/deborah-sampson/) from the original on 2023-10-17 . Retrieved 2023-10-10 . ^ (#cite_ref-59) Hassencahl, Fran (December 1974). "Mary Hayes and Deborah Sampson: The Rhetoric of Neglect, Praise, and Expectation" (https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED102620) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240718122001/https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED102620) from the original on 2024-07-18 . Retrieved 2023-10-10 . ^ (#cite_ref-60) "Deborah Sampson: American Revolutionary War Hero" (https://www.mass.gov/info-details/deborah-sampson-american-revolutionary-war-hero) . Mass.gov . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231012023926/https://www.mass.gov/info-details/deborah-sampson-american-revolutionary-war-hero) from the original on 2023-10-12 . Retrieved 2023-10-10 . ^ (#cite_ref-61) "Deborah Sampson: American Revolutionary War Hero" (https://www.mass.gov/info-details/deborah-sampson-american-revolutionary-war-hero#:~:text=Deborah%20Sampson%20became%20a%20hero,participation%20in%20the%20Revolutionary%20army.) . Mass.gov . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231012023926/https://www.mass.gov/info-details/deborah-sampson-american-revolutionary-war-hero#:~:text=Deborah%20Sampson%20became%20a%20hero,participation%20in%20the%20Revolutionary%20army.) from the original on 2023-10-12 . Retrieved 2023-10-10 . ^ (#cite_ref-62) "Revolutionary War Diary Reveals New Details about Deborah Sampson, Who Disguised Herself as a Man to Join the Continental Army - Museum of the American Revolution" (https://www.amrevmuseum.org/press-releases/revolutionary-war-diary-reveals-new-details-about-deborah-sampson-who-disguised-herself-as-a-man-to-join-the-continental-army#:~:text=%E2%80%9CAs%20someone%20who%20has%20spent,17%20months%20as%20a%20soldier.) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240718123627/https://www.amrevmuseum.org/press-releases/revolutionary-war-diary-reveals-new-details-about-deborah-sampson-who-disguised-herself-as-a-man-to-join-the-continental-army#:~:text=%E2%80%9CAs%20someone%20who%20has%20spent,17%20months%20as%20a%20soldier.) from the original on 2024-07-18 . Retrieved 2023-10-10 . ^ Jump up to: a b Thomas, Heather (2021-03-30). "Women Who Dressed as Men and Made History \| Headlines and Heroes" (https://blogs.loc.gov/headlinesandheroes/2021/03/women-who-dressed-as-men-and-made-history/) . The Library of Congress . Retrieved 2023-11-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-64) " (https://web.archive.org/web/20230324152544/http://mercystreet.lunchbox.pbs.org/blogs/mercy-street-revealed/i-wanted-to-do-my-part-women-as-soldiers-in-civil-war-america/) 'I Wanted to Do My Part': Women as Soldiers in Civil War America \| Mercy Street Revealed" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230324152544/http://mercystreet.lunchbox.pbs.org/blogs/mercy-street-revealed/i-wanted-to-do-my-part-women-as-soldiers-in-civil-war-america/) . 'I Wanted to Do My Part': Women as Soldiers in Civil War America \| Mercy Street Revealed . Archived from the original (http://mercystreet.lunchbox.pbs.org/blogs/mercy-street-revealed/i-wanted-to-do-my-part-women-as-soldiers-in-civil-war-america/) on 2023-03-24 . Retrieved 2023-11-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-65) "Chapter seven: Gender Expression and Cross-dressing" (https://www.icj.org/sogi-casebook-introduction/chapter-seven-gender-expression-and-cross-dressing/) . International Commission of Jurists . Retrieved 2023-11-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-66) "Self-Made Man: One Woman's Journey Into Manhood and Bac…" (https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/29434.Self_Made_Man) . Goodreads . Retrieved 2023-09-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-67) "A Self-Made Man" (https://abcnews.go.com/2020/Entertainment/story?id=1526982) . ABC News . January 20, 2006. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20071008172430/http://abcnews.go.com/2020/Entertainment/story?id=1526982) from the original on 2007-10-08 . Retrieved 2023-09-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-68) Green, Penelope (18 August 2022). "Norah Vincent, Who Chronicled Passing as a Man, Is Dead at 53" (https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/18/obituaries/norah-vincent-dead.html) . The New York Times . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220818190111/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/18/obituaries/norah-vincent-dead.html) from the original on 18 August 2022 . Retrieved 10 October 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-69) "Taliban bans women from working for domestic, foreign NGOs in Afghanistan" (https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/taliban-ban-women-from-working-for-domestic-foreign-ngos-in-afghanistan) . PBS NewsHour . 2022-12-24 . Retrieved 2023-10-10 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Billaud, Julie (2015). Kabul Carnival: Gender Politics in Postwar Afghanistan . University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-8122-4696-4 . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) j.ctt13x1pdw (https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt13x1pdw) . [ page needed ] ^ (#cite_ref-71) Hamidi, Nilab; Bohren, Meghan (March 3, 2022). "Girls forced to act as boys in Afghanistan" (https://findanexpert.unimelb.edu.au/news/40573-girls-forced-to-act-as-boys-in-afghanistan) . findanexpert.unimelb.edu.au . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231012023927/https://findanexpert.unimelb.edu.au/news/40573-girls-forced-to-act-as-boys-in-afghanistan) from the original on 2023-10-12 . Retrieved 2023-10-10 . ^ (#cite_ref-72) Keerthana, R; Jayanthi, S (2023). "The Unjust Twisting: Bacha Posh custom of the Invisible Girl Children in Afghanistan from Nadia Hashimi's work" (https://www.eurchembull.com/issue-content/the-unjust-twisting-bacha-posh-custom-of-the-invisible-girl-children-in-afghanistan-from-nadia-hashimi-s-work-8214) . European Chemical Bulletin . 12 (10). SSRN (/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)) 4383274 (https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4383274) . ^ (#cite_ref-73) "Autonomy, Post-puberty Bacha Posh and Third World Feminism in Selected Afghan Fiction" (https://vc.bridgew.edu/jiws/vol25/iss1/13/) . Journal of International Women's Studies . 25 (1). 3 February 2023. ProQuest (/wiki/ProQuest_(identifier)) 2778390671 (https://search.proquest.com/docview/2778390671) . ^ Jump up to: a b "Afghan girls live as boys until they hit puberty, a temporary chance at freedom" (https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/afghanistans-bacha-posh-tradition-allows-girls-freedom-boys-rcna12216) . NBC News . 2022-01-16 . Retrieved 2023-10-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-75) Gilbert, Miqqi Alicia (May 1, 2014). "Cross-Dresser" (https://doi.org/10.1215/23289252-2399632) . Transgender Studies Quarterly – via Duke University Press. ^ (#cite_ref-76) Brucculieri, Julia (March 8, 2019). "Women And Pants: A Timeline Of Fashion Liberation" (https://www.huffpost.com/entry/women-and-pants-fashion-liberation_l_5c7ec7f7e4b0e62f69e729ec) . Huffington Post . Retrieved July 1, 2024 . {{ cite news (/wiki/Template:Cite_news) }} : CS1 maint: url-status ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_url-status) ) ^ (#cite_ref-77) "Cross Dressing" (https://gendercentre.org.au/downloads/Cross%20Dressing%20Information.pdf) (PDF) . Gender Centre . Retrieved July 1, 2024 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: url-status ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_url-status) ) ^ (#cite_ref-78) "Chest or breast binding: Tips, side effects, safety, and more" (https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/breast-binding) . www.medicalnewstoday.com . 2022-06-29 . Retrieved 2024-07-04 . ^ Jump up to: a b Germann, Olivia (2018). "Gender Performance: From the Freak Show to Modern Drag" (https://openjournals.bsu.edu/dlr/article/download/2645/1567/4275) . Digital Literature Review . 3 : 72. ^ (#cite_ref-80) Piper, Dannielle (June 12, 2019). "The Family-Owned Store that Helps Transgender Customers Find the Perfect Fit" (https://thetyee.ca/News/2019/06/12/Family-Owned-Store-Breast-Forms-Helps-Transgender-Customers/) . The Tyee . ^ (#cite_ref-81) Spataro, Joanne (2017-05-04). " (https://www.vice.com/en/article/mgmjzy/drag-race-tells-us-a-lot-about-the-queens-jacked-up-eating-habits) 'Drag Race' Tells Us a Lot About the Queens' Jacked Up Eating Habits" (https://www.vice.com/en/article/mgmjzy/drag-race-tells-us-a-lot-about-the-queens-jacked-up-eating-habits) . Vice . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240307013345/https://www.vice.com/en/article/mgmjzy/drag-race-tells-us-a-lot-about-the-queens-jacked-up-eating-habits) from the original on 2024-03-07 . Retrieved 2024-07-04 . ^ (#cite_ref-Bent_82-0) Bent, Rosalie (2019-08-14). Dealing With the Baby In Your Bed!: Learning to Live With the Adult Baby In Your Relationship . AB Discovery. ^ (#cite_ref-Bennett_83-0) Bennett, Paul (2015-08-16). Clinical Psychology: Psychopathology Through the Lifespan: Psychopathology through the Lifespan . McGraw-Hill Education (UK). ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-335-24770-7 . ^ (#cite_ref-84) Craig, Rob (2009). Ed Wood, Mad Genius: A Critical Study of the Films . pg. 108. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-5423-5. ^ (#cite_ref-85) Corliss, Richard (June 1, 1992). "The World's Worst Director". Time . Vol. 139. p. 79 – via Biography Reference Bank. ^ (#cite_ref-86) Jamie Clifton (August 30, 2011). "Female Masking" (https://archive.today/20120717035229/http://vicestyle.com/en/news/today/post/female-masking) . Vice Style. Archived from the original (http://vicestyle.com/en/news/today/post/female-masking) on July 17, 2012 . Retrieved 2012-02-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-87) Rowello, Lauren (2024-05-29). "Philly Drag Kings: Challenges and the push for inclusion" (https://epgn.com/2024/05/29/drag-kings-philly-challenges/) . Philadelphia Gay News . Retrieved 2024-07-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-88) "The Many Styles Of Drag Kings, Photographed In And Out Of Drag" (https://www.huffpost.com/entry/drag-kings_l_5db9c682e4b00d83f72159c8) . HuffPost . 2019-11-12. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210308080628/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/drag-kings_l_5db9c682e4b00d83f72159c8) from the original on 2021-03-08 . Retrieved 2024-07-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-89) Haug, Oliver (2023-11-09). "Everything You Need to Know About Packers" (https://www.them.us/story/trans-packer-how-to-use-buy-and-clean) . Them . Retrieved 2024-07-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-90) Hall (1992). Bibliographic Guide to Dance . p. 4. ^ (#cite_ref-91) Egli, Justin (13 July 2016). "Visiting an ancient Japanese cross-dressing festival" (http://www.dazeddigital.com/artsandculture/article/32036/1/visiting-an-ancient-japanese-cross-dressing-festival) . Dazed . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20181215222551/http://www.dazeddigital.com/artsandculture/article/32036/1/visiting-an-ancient-japanese-cross-dressing-festival) from the original on 15 December 2018 . Retrieved 12 December 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-92) "Cross-dressing for the Goddess - Times of India" (https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cross-dressing-for-the-Goddess/articleshow/2929677.cms?) . The Times of India . Apr 6, 2008 . Retrieved 12 December 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-93) Butler, Judith (2011). Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity . Routledge. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-136-78323-4 . [ page needed ] ^ (#cite_ref-94) Halberstam, Judith; Halberstam, Jack (1998). Female Masculinity . Duke University Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-8223-2243-6 . [ page needed ] ^ (#cite_ref-95) Epstein, Julia, Straub, Kristina; Eds, Body Guards: The Cultural Politics of Gender Ambiguity, Routledge, London, 1991 ^ (#cite_ref-96) "A Survey of LGBT Americans - Chapter 2: Social Acceptance" (http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2013/06/13/chapter-2-social-acceptance/) . Pew Research Center's Social & Demographic Trends Project . 2013-06-13. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210116215557/https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2013/06/13/chapter-2-social-acceptance/) from the original on 2021-01-16 . Retrieved 2018-03-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-97) Blechner, Mark J. (2009). Sex Changes: Transformations in Society and Psychoanalysis . Routledge. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-415-99435-4 . [ page needed ] ^ (#cite_ref-98) "Differential Reactions to Men and Women's Gender Role Transgressions: Perceptions of Social Status, Sexual Orientation, and Value Dissimilarity" (http://steinhardt.nyu.edu/scmsAdmin/media/users/lec321/Sirin_Articles/Sirin_McCriery__Mahalik_2004.pdf) (PDF) . NYU. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140418220633/http://steinhardt.nyu.edu/scmsAdmin/media/users/lec321/Sirin_Articles/Sirin_McCriery__Mahalik_2004.pdf) (PDF) from the original on 2014-04-18 . Retrieved 1 June 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-Butler_99-0) Butler, Judith. "Performative Acts and Gender Construction: An Essay in Phenomenology and Feminist Theory" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120112054310/http://www.mariabuszek.com/kcai/PoMoSeminar/Readings/BtlrPerfActs.pdf) (PDF) . Archived from the original (http://www.mariabuszek.com/kcai/PoMoSeminar/Readings/BtlrPerfActs.pdf) (PDF) on 12 January 2012 . Retrieved 1 June 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-100) Shankbone, David. " Interview with Dr. Joseph Merlino (https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Dr._Joseph_Merlino_on_sexuality,_insanity,_Freud,_fetishes_and_apathy#Gender_identity_and_Heteronormativity) ", Wikinews (/wiki/Wikinews) (October 5, 2007) ^ Jump up to: a b c "Camp Fashion Unveiled: Stunning Examples and the 3 Key Elements" (https://web.archive.org/web/20221201064448/https://usatales.com/what-is-camp-fashion-examples-and-elements/) . 30 November 2022. Archived from the original (https://usatales.com/what-is-camp-fashion-examples-and-elements/) on 1 December 2022 . Retrieved 1 December 2022 . [ unreliable source? ] ^ (#cite_ref-102) Smith, Erika W. (18 April 2019). "Ahead Of The Met Gala, Remember: 'You Can't Have Camp Without Queer' (https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2019/05/231016/camp-fashion-gay-culture-drag-lgbtq-history) " (https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2019/05/231016/camp-fashion-gay-culture-drag-lgbtq-history) . Refinery29 . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221201064446/https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2019/05/231016/camp-fashion-gay-culture-drag-lgbtq-history) from the original on 1 December 2022 . Retrieved 1 December 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-103) "The iconic Princess Diana fashion moment that changed the lives of two fashion designers" (https://www.hellomagazine.com/fashion/royal-style/20221101155704/princess-diana-sheep-jumper-designers/) . HELLO! . 2022-11-01. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221201064449/https://www.hellomagazine.com/fashion/royal-style/20221101155704/princess-diana-sheep-jumper-designers/) from the original on 2022-12-01 . Retrieved 2022-12-01 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Asia and the Pacific Islands: Pandemic's disproportionate impact on transgender people should be "wake-up call" to governments" (https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2022/11/asia-pacific-pandemics-transgender-rights/) . Amnesty International . 2022-11-14 . Retrieved 2022-12-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-105) Ripley, Will (20 July 2014). "A 51-year-old male schoolgirl? Meet Tokyo's inspirational cross-dresser" (https://www.cnn.com/2014/07/19/world/asia/japan-inspirational-cross-dresser/index.html) . CNN . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221201073100/https://www.cnn.com/2014/07/19/world/asia/japan-inspirational-cross-dresser/index.html) from the original on 1 December 2022 . Retrieved 1 December 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-106) "LSA100: Rule Breaker Hakken is comfortable in their own skin, in cosplay and in life" (https://www.lifestyleasia.com/kl/digital-cover/lsa100-rule-breaker-hakken-cosplayer/) . Lifestyle Asia Kuala Lumpur . 2022-11-10 . Retrieved 2022-12-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-107) "Iraqi social media influencer Um Fahad shot dead by motorbike gunman in Baghdad - CBS News" (https://www.cbsnews.com/news/iraq-investigating-killing-um-fahad-social-media-influencer/) . www.cbsnews.com . 2024-04-27. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240427201521/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/iraq-investigating-killing-um-fahad-social-media-influencer/) from the original on 2024-04-27 . Retrieved 2024-04-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-108) "Iraqi Authorities Investigate Killing of TikTok Star" (https://time.com/6971797/iraqi-authorities-investigate-tiktok-star-om-fahad-killing/) . TIME . 2024-04-27. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240427211650/https://time.com/6971797/iraqi-authorities-investigate-tiktok-star-om-fahad-killing/) from the original on 2024-04-27 . Retrieved 2024-04-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-109) "Popular Iraqi female TikTok star shot dead in Baghdad night attack" (https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/27/iraqi-tiktok-star-om-fahad-shot-dead-in-baghdad-night-attack) . Al Jazeera . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240427183634/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/27/iraqi-tiktok-star-om-fahad-shot-dead-in-baghdad-night-attack) from the original on 2024-04-27 . Retrieved 2024-04-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-:03_110-0) Morey, Alice (2023-09-29). "Popular Iraqi TikToker allegedly shot dead in Baghdad" (https://www.gaytimes.co.uk/life/popular-iraqi-tiktoker-shot-dead-in-baghdad/) . GAY TIMES . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240428104911/https://www.gaytimes.co.uk/life/popular-iraqi-tiktoker-shot-dead-in-baghdad/) from the original on 2024-04-28 . Retrieved 2024-04-28 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Clute & Grant 1997, p. 395 ^ Jump up to: a b Clute & Grant 1997, p. 396 ^ (#cite_ref-113) Anita Silvey The essential guide to children's books and their creators (https://books.google.com/books?id=8GUNHGutszEC&dq=characters+disguised+as+human&pg=PA284) p.155 ^ (#cite_ref-114) "【インタビュー】Mana × Közi、MALICE MIZERを語る「Kamiの約束が実現できる」" (https://www.barks.jp/news/?id=1000158491&page=3) . Barks (in Japanese). 2018-08-29. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210426024350/https://www.barks.jp/news/?id=1000158491&page=3) from the original on 2021-04-26 . Retrieved 2024-05-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-115) "ICD-10 Version:2016" (https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/F64.1) . icd.who.int . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20181105125609/http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2016/en#/F64.1) from the original on 2018-11-05 . Retrieved 2019-10-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-116) "ICD-10 Version:2016" (https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en#/F65.1) . icd.who.int . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20181105125609/http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2016/en#/F65.1) from the original on 2018-11-05 . Retrieved 2019-10-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-lgbtq_117-0) Bollinger, Alex (2019-05-28). "The World Health Organization will no longer classify being transgender as a 'mental disorder' (https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2019/05/world-health-organization-will-no-longer-classify-transgender-mental-disorder/) " (https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2019/05/world-health-organization-will-no-longer-classify-transgender-mental-disorder/) . LGBTQ Nation . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210308211753/https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2019/05/world-health-organization-will-no-longer-classify-transgender-mental-disorder/) from the original on 2021-03-08 . Retrieved 2019-10-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-DSM-5-paraphillic_118-0) American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing. pp. 685–705 (https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/685) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-89042-555-8 . Further reading [ edit ] Anders, Charles. The Lazy Crossdresser , Greenery Press (/wiki/Greenery_Press) , 2002. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1-890159-37-9 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-890159-37-9) . Boyd, Helen (/wiki/Helen_Boyd) . My Husband Betty (/wiki/My_Husband_Betty) , Thunder's Mouth Press, 2003 Chesser, Lucy Sarah (2008), Parting with My Sex: Cross-dressing, Inversion and Sexuality in Australian Cultural Life , Sydney University Press, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-920898-31-1 , OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 488863093 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/488863093) Clute, John (/wiki/John_Clute) & Grant, John. The Encyclopedia of Fantasy (/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Fantasy) , Orbit Books, 1997. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-85723-368-1 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85723-368-1) Dekker, Rudolf M; van de Pol, Lotte C; Kazi Maruful Islam (8 February 1989), The Tradition Of Female Cross-Dressing In Early Modern Europe , Palgrave Macmillan UK, ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-349-19752-1 Hauk, Savannah (1 September 2017), Living with Crossdressing: Defining a New Normal , ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-5378-6529-4 , OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1013928885 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1013928885) "Lynne". "A Cross-Dressing-Perspective" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160305000529/https://gendercentre.org.au/resources/polare-archive/archived-articles/a-cross-dressing-perspective.htm) External links [ edit ] Media related to Cross-dressing (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cross-dressing) at Wikimedia Commons Wikiquote has quotations related to Cross-dressing (https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Cross-dressing) . The Gender Centre (Australia) (http://www.gendercentre.org.au/) Crossdressing Support Group (Canada) (http://www.xdresser.ca/) The EnFemme Archives (https://web.archive.org/web/20060207033802/http://www.cdspub.com/ef01.html) En Femme Magazine No. 1, Digital Transgender Archive (https://www.digitaltransgenderarchive.net/files/s1784k813) Links to related articles v t e Drag (/wiki/Drag_(entertainment)) Performers‎ Drag kings (/wiki/Drag_king) list (/wiki/List_of_drag_kings) Drag queens (/wiki/Drag_queen) list (/wiki/List_of_drag_queens) Exóticos (/wiki/Ex%C3%B3tico) list (/wiki/List_of_ex%C3%B3ticos) AFAB queens (/wiki/AFAB_queen) History (/wiki/History_of_drag) Drag in Africa (/wiki/Drag_in_Africa) Drag Isn't Dangerous (/wiki/Drag_Isn%27t_Dangerous) Drag panic (/wiki/Drag_panic) Pansy Craze (/wiki/Pansy_Craze) Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence (/wiki/Sisters_of_Perpetual_Indulgence) Tennessee drag ban (/wiki/Tennessee_Senate_Bill_3) Culture Ball culture (/wiki/Ball_culture) Grand Ducal Council of San Francisco (/wiki/Grand_Ducal_Council_of_San_Francisco) Hot Peaches (/wiki/Hot_Peaches) International Drag Day (/wiki/International_Drag_Day) Tranimal (/wiki/Tranimal) Trannyshack (/wiki/Trannyshack) Shows (/wiki/Drag_show) Pageantry (/wiki/Drag_pageantry) La Femme Magnifique International Pageant (/wiki/La_Femme_Magnifique_International_Pageant) Miss Continental (/wiki/Miss_Continental) Miss Gay America (/wiki/Miss_Gay_America) Miss'd America (/wiki/Miss%27d_America) San Francisco Drag King Contest (/wiki/San_Francisco_Drag_King_Contest) Battle of the Seasons (/wiki/Battle_of_the_Seasons_(tour)) Best in Drag Show (/wiki/Best_in_Drag_Show) Death Drop (/wiki/Death_Drop) A Drag Queen Christmas (/wiki/A_Drag_Queen_Christmas) Drag Queen Story Hour (/wiki/Drag_Queen_Story_Hour) Drive 'N Drag (/wiki/Drive_%27N_Drag) Mrs. Doubtfire (/wiki/Mrs._Doubtfire_(musical)) Everybody's Talking About Jamie (/wiki/Everybody%27s_Talking_About_Jamie) Haters Roast (/wiki/Haters_Roast) RuPaul's Drag Race Live! (/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Drag_Race_Live!) Werq the World (/wiki/Werq_the_World) Wigstock (/wiki/Wigstock) Wild Side Story (/wiki/Wild_Side_Story) Groups (/wiki/List_of_drag_groups) The AAA Girls (/wiki/The_AAA_Girls) After Dark (/wiki/After_Dark_(drag_act)) The B-Girlz (/wiki/The_B-Girlz) Boulet Brothers (/wiki/Boulet_Brothers) Cissie and Ada (/wiki/Cissie_and_Ada) DWV (/wiki/DWV_(group)) The Fabulous Wonder Twins (/wiki/The_Fabulous_Wonder_Twins) Frock Destroyers (/wiki/Frock_Destroyers) Great Garlic Girls (/wiki/Great_Garlic_Girls) Hinge and Bracket (/wiki/Hinge_and_Bracket) Kiki and Herb (/wiki/Kiki_and_Herb) The Kinsey Sicks (/wiki/The_Kinsey_Sicks) Lesburlesque (/wiki/Lesburlesque) Queentastic (/wiki/Queentastic) Sestre (/wiki/Sestre_(drag_act)) She-Dick (/wiki/She-Dick) Stephanie's Child (/wiki/Stephanie%27s_Child) Sugar and Spice (/wiki/Sugar_and_Spice_(drag_queens)) Toxice (/wiki/Toxice) Trixie and Katya (/wiki/Trixie_and_Katya) Media Books Of Drag Kings and the Wheel of Fate (/wiki/Of_Drag_Kings_and_the_Wheel_of_Fate) Trixie and Katya's Guide to Modern Womanhood (/wiki/Trixie_and_Katya%27s_Guide_to_Modern_Womanhood) Film The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert (/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Priscilla,_Queen_of_the_Desert) The Bitch Who Stole Christmas (/wiki/The_Bitch_Who_Stole_Christmas) Cherry Valentine: Gypsy Queen and Proud (/wiki/Cherry_Valentine:_Gypsy_Queen_and_Proud) Drag Kids (/wiki/Drag_Kids) Huluween Dragstravaganza (/wiki/Huluween_Dragstravaganza) Hurricane Bianca (/wiki/Hurricane_Bianca) From Russia with Hate (/wiki/Hurricane_Bianca:_From_Russia_with_Hate) Kiki (/wiki/Kiki_(2016_film)) Mrs. Doubtfire (/wiki/Mrs._Doubtfire) Outrageous! (/wiki/Outrageous!) Too Outrageous! (/wiki/Too_Outrageous!) Over the Garden Wall (/wiki/Over_the_Garden_Wall_(1950_film)) Paris Is Burning (/wiki/Paris_Is_Burning_(film)) The Queen (/wiki/The_Queen_(1968_film)) The Rocky Horror Picture Show (/wiki/The_Rocky_Horror_Picture_Show) Some Like It Hot (/wiki/Some_Like_It_Hot) The Belles of St. Trinian's (/wiki/The_Belles_of_St._Trinian%27s) Blue Murder at St Trinian's (/wiki/Blue_Murder_at_St_Trinian%27s) St Trinian's (/wiki/St_Trinian%27s_(film)) St Trinian's 2: The Legend of Fritton's Gold (/wiki/St_Trinian%27s_2:_The_Legend_of_Fritton%27s_Gold) To Wong Foo, Thanks for Everything! Julie Newmar (/wiki/To_Wong_Foo,_Thanks_for_Everything!_Julie_Newmar) Trixie Mattel: Moving Parts (/wiki/Trixie_Mattel:_Moving_Parts) Victor and Victoria (/wiki/Victor_and_Victoria) Victor/Victoria (/wiki/Victor/Victoria) Music Are a Drag (/wiki/Are_a_Drag) Drag Is Magic (/wiki/Drag_Is_Magic) Drag Trap (/wiki/Drag_Trap) Television AJ and the Queen (/wiki/AJ_and_the_Queen) The American Music Show (/wiki/The_American_Music_Show) The Boulet Brothers' Dragula (/wiki/The_Boulet_Brothers%27_Dragula) Call Me Mother (/wiki/Call_Me_Mother) Canada's a Drag (/wiki/Canada%27s_a_Drag) Cover Girl (/wiki/Cover_Girl_(TV_series)) Dancing Queen (/wiki/Dancing_Queen_(American_TV_series)) Drag Den (/wiki/Drag_Den) Drag Heals (/wiki/Drag_Heals) Drag Latina (/wiki/Drag_Latina) Drag Race (/wiki/Drag_Race_(franchise)) Belgium (/wiki/Drag_Race_Belgique) Brazil (/wiki/Drag_Race_Brasil) Canada (/wiki/Canada%27s_Drag_Race) France (/wiki/Drag_Race_France) Germany (/wiki/Drag_Race_Germany) Italy (/wiki/Drag_Race_Italia) Mexico (/wiki/Drag_Race_M%C3%A9xico) Netherlands (/wiki/Drag_Race_Holland) Philippines (/wiki/Drag_Race_Philippines) Spain (/wiki/Drag_Race_Espa%C3%B1a) Sweden (/wiki/Drag_Race_Sverige) The Switch (/wiki/The_Switch_Drag_Race) Thailand (/wiki/Drag_Race_Thailand) Drag Queens of London (/wiki/Drag_Queens_of_London) Dragnificent! (/wiki/Dragnificent!) Generation Drag (/wiki/Generation_Drag) God Shave the Queens (/wiki/God_Shave_the_Queens) House of Drag (/wiki/House_of_Drag) La Más Draga (/wiki/La_M%C3%A1s_Draga) Solo Las Más (/wiki/La_M%C3%A1s_Draga:_Solo_Las_M%C3%A1s) Pose (/wiki/Pose_(TV_series)) Queen of the Universe (/wiki/Queen_of_the_Universe_(TV_series)) Queens (/wiki/Queens_(web_series)) Queens on the Run (/wiki/Queens_on_the_Run) RuPaul's Drag Race‎ (/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Drag_Race) All Stars (/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Drag_Race_All_Stars) Down Under (/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Drag_Race_Down_Under) Drag U (/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Drag_U) Secret Celebrity (/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Secret_Celebrity_Drag_Race) UK (/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Drag_Race_UK) Sketchy Queens (/wiki/Sketchy_Queens) Super Drags (/wiki/Super_Drags) The Trixie and Katya Show (/wiki/The_Trixie_and_Katya_Show) Tongue Thai'd (/wiki/Tongue_Thai%27d) Trixie Motel (/wiki/Trixie_Motel) UNHhhh (/wiki/UNHhhh) Vanjie: 24 Hours of Love (/wiki/Vanjie:_24_Hours_of_Love) " Werking Mom (/wiki/Werking_Mom) " We're Here (/wiki/We%27re_Here) Related Cross-dressing Cross-dressing ball (/wiki/Cross-dressing_ball) Cross-dressing in film and television (/wiki/Cross-dressing_in_film_and_television) Gender variance (/wiki/Gender_variance) Gender bender (/wiki/Gender_bender) Red dress party (/wiki/Red_dress_party) Transvestism (/wiki/Transvestism) Category (/wiki/Category:Drag_(entertainment)) v t e Gender variance and non-conformity (/wiki/Gender_variance) Gender (/wiki/Gender_identity) identities (/wiki/Gender_identity) Indigenous or traditional Androgynos (/wiki/Androgynos) Akava'ine (/wiki/Akava%27ine) Apwint (/wiki/Apwint) Bakla (/wiki/Bakla) Bacha posh (/wiki/Bacha_posh) Binabinaaine (/wiki/Binabinaaine) Bugis genders (/wiki/Gender_in_Bugis_society) Bissu Calabai Calalai Chibados (/wiki/Chibados) Enaree (/wiki/Enaree) Eunuch (/wiki/Eunuch) Fa'afafine (/wiki/Fa%27afafine) Fakafifine (/wiki/Fakafifine) Fakaleitī (/wiki/Fakaleit%C4%AB) Femminiello (/wiki/Femminiello) Galli (/wiki/Galli) Güevedoce (/wiki/G%C3%BCevedoce) Hijra (/wiki/Hijra_(South_Asia)) Kathoey (/wiki/Kathoey) Khanith (/wiki/Khanith) Köçek (/wiki/K%C3%B6%C3%A7ek) Koekchuch (/wiki/Koekchuch) Lhamana (/wiki/Lhamana) Māhū (/wiki/M%C4%81h%C5%AB) Mak nyah (/wiki/Mak_nyah) Mukhannathun (/wiki/Mukhannathun) Muxe (/wiki/Muxe) Nádleehi (/wiki/N%C3%A1dleehi) Nullo (/wiki/Nullo_(body_modification)) Rae-rae (/wiki/Rae-rae) Sipiniq (/wiki/Sipiniq) Sworn virgin (/wiki/Balkan_sworn_virgins) Takatāpui (/wiki/Takat%C4%81pui) Travesti (/wiki/Travesti_(gender_identity)) Tumtum (/wiki/Tumtum_(Judaism)) Two-spirit (/wiki/Two-spirit) Vakasalewalewa (/wiki/Vakasalewalewa) Winkte (/wiki/Winkte) X-gender (/wiki/X-gender) In the contemporary Anglosphere (/wiki/Anglosphere) Androgyne (/wiki/Androgyny#Gender_identity) Boi (/wiki/Boi_(slang)) Gender bender (/wiki/Gender_bender) Gender fluidity (/wiki/Gender_fluidity) Gender neutrality (/wiki/Gender_neutrality) Gender variance (/wiki/Gender_variance) Non-binary (/wiki/Non-binary_gender) (or Genderqueer) Stone butch (/wiki/Stone_butch) Transgender (/wiki/Transgender) Trans man (/wiki/Trans_man) Trans woman (/wiki/Trans_woman) Transsexual (/wiki/Transsexual) Gender expression (/wiki/Gender_expression) Androgyny (/wiki/Androgyny) Butch and femme (/wiki/Butch_and_femme) Cross-dressing Crossplay (cosplay) (/wiki/Crossplay_(cosplay)) Dandy (/wiki/Dandy) Effeminacy (/wiki/Effeminacy) En femme (/wiki/En_femme) En homme (/wiki/En_homme) Fop (/wiki/Fop) Otokonoko (/wiki/Otokonoko) Passing (gender) (/wiki/Passing_(gender)) Tomboy (/wiki/Tomboy) Transvestism (/wiki/Transvestism) As performance (/wiki/Cross-gender_acting) Breeches role (/wiki/Breeches_role) Drag (/wiki/Drag_(entertainment)) Drag in Africa (/wiki/Drag_in_Africa) Khawal (/wiki/Khawal) Köçek (/wiki/K%C3%B6%C3%A7ek) Onnagata (/wiki/Onnagata) Pantomime dame (/wiki/Pantomime_dame) Principal boy (/wiki/Principal_boy) Shemale (pornography) (/wiki/Shemale) Shirabyōshi (/wiki/Shiraby%C5%8Dshi) Theatrical travesti (/wiki/Travesti_(theatre)) Fashion and music Androgyny in fashion (/wiki/Androgyny_in_fashion) Boyfriend (fashion) (/wiki/Boyfriend_(fashion)) Emo (/wiki/Emo) Genderless fashion in Japan (/wiki/Genderless_fashion_in_Japan) Glam metal (/wiki/Glam_metal) Glam punk (/wiki/Glam_punk) Glam rock (/wiki/Glam_rock) New Romantics (/wiki/New_Romantics) Male skirt (/wiki/Male_skirt) Queer fashion (/wiki/Queer_fashion) Trousers as women's clothing (/wiki/Trousers_as_women%27s_clothing) Unisex clothing (/wiki/Unisex_clothing) Theory and research Coloniality of gender (/wiki/Coloniality_of_gender) Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick (/wiki/Eve_Kosofsky_Sedgwick) Gender binary (/wiki/Gender_binary) Gender essentialism (/wiki/Gender_essentialism) Gender roles (/wiki/Gender_roles) Gendered sexuality (/wiki/Gendered_sexuality) Gender system (/wiki/Gender_system) Judith Butler (/wiki/Judith_Butler) Kate Bornstein (/wiki/Kate_Bornstein) Leslie Feinberg (/wiki/Leslie_Feinberg) Gender roles in non-heterosexual communities (/wiki/Gender_roles_in_non-heterosexual_communities) Postgenderism (/wiki/Postgenderism) Social construction of gender (/wiki/Social_construction_of_gender) Susan Stryker (/wiki/Susan_Stryker) Queer theory (/wiki/Queer_theory) History Ball culture (/wiki/Ball_culture) Breeching (/wiki/Breeching_(boys)) Colonial roots of gender inequality in Africa (/wiki/Colonial_roots_of_gender_inequality_in_Africa) Cross-dressing ball (/wiki/Cross-dressing_ball) Gender roles in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica (/wiki/Gender_roles_in_pre-Columbian_Mesoamerica) History of cross-dressing (/wiki/History_of_cross-dressing) History of drag (/wiki/History_of_drag) History of the kilt (/wiki/History_of_the_kilt) Hybristica (/wiki/Hybristica) Rebecca riots (/wiki/Rebecca_riots) Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence (/wiki/Sisters_of_Perpetual_Indulgence) Street Transvestite Action Revolutionaries (/wiki/Street_Transvestite_Action_Revolutionaries) Tri-Ess (/wiki/Tri-Ess) Transgender history (/wiki/Transgender_history) Victorian dress reform (/wiki/Victorian_dress_reform) Wartime cross-dressing (/wiki/Wartime_cross-dressing) Womanless wedding (/wiki/Womanless_wedding) Language Elle (Spanish pronoun) (/wiki/Elle_(Spanish_pronoun)) Epicenity (/wiki/Epicenity) Gender neutrality (/wiki/Gender-neutral_language) in genderless languages (/wiki/Gender_neutrality_in_genderless_languages) in languages with gendered third-person pronouns (/wiki/Gender_neutrality_in_languages_with_gendered_third-person_pronouns) English (/wiki/Gender_neutrality_in_English) in languages with grammatical gender (/wiki/Gender_neutrality_in_languages_with_grammatical_gender) Spanish (/wiki/Gender_neutrality_in_Spanish) Portuguese (/wiki/Gender_neutrality_in_Portuguese) Hen (pronoun) (/wiki/Hen_(pronoun)) Iel (pronoun) (/wiki/Iel_(pronoun)) Latinx (/wiki/Latinx) Mx (title) (/wiki/Mx_(title)) Neopronouns (/wiki/Neopronoun) Spivak pronouns (/wiki/Spivak_pronoun) Onu (pronoun) (/wiki/Onu_(pronoun)) Preferred gender pronoun (/wiki/Preferred_gender_pronoun) Singular they (/wiki/Singular_they) Lists Cross-dressing in film and television (/wiki/Cross-dressing_in_film_and_television) Cross-dressing in literature (/wiki/Cross-dressing_in_literature) Cross-dressing in music and opera (/wiki/Cross-dressing_in_music_and_opera) List of drag kings (/wiki/List_of_drag_kings) List of drag queens (/wiki/List_of_drag_queens) List of gender identities (/wiki/List_of_gender_identities) List of fictional non-binary characters (/wiki/List_of_fictional_non-binary_characters) List of people with non-binary gender identities (/wiki/List_of_people_with_non-binary_gender_identities) List of transgender-related topics (/wiki/List_of_transgender-related_topics) Sexual practices Femdom (/wiki/Dominatrix) Feminization (/wiki/Feminization_(activity)) Leatherwomen (/wiki/Leather_subculture) Male submission (/wiki/Male_submission) Transvestic fetishism (/wiki/Transvestic_fetishism) Social issues and public life Bathroom bill (/wiki/Bathroom_bill) Discrimination against non-binary people (/wiki/Discrimination_against_non-binary_people) Discrimination against transgender men (/wiki/Discrimination_against_transgender_men) Drag Isn't Dangerous (/wiki/Drag_Isn%27t_Dangerous) Drag panic (/wiki/Drag_panic) Drag Queen Story Hour (/wiki/Drag_Queen_Story_Hour) Gay panic defense (/wiki/Gay_panic_defense) Gender policing (/wiki/Gender_policing) Homophobia (/wiki/Homophobia) Legal status of transgender people (/wiki/Legal_status_of_transgender_people) Non-binary recognition (/wiki/Legal_recognition_of_non-binary_gender) Sex segregation (/wiki/Sex_segregation) Transgender health care (/wiki/Transgender_health_care) Transmisogyny (/wiki/Transmisogyny) Transphobia (/wiki/Transphobia) See also Feminism (/wiki/Feminism) Intersex (/wiki/Intersex) LGBT (/wiki/LGBT) Sex assignment (/wiki/Sex_assignment) Sexual differentiation (/wiki/Sexual_differentiation) Sex differences in humans (/wiki/Sex_differences_in_humans) Queer (/wiki/Queer) LGBT portal (/wiki/Portal:LGBT) Transgender portal (/wiki/Portal:Transgender) v t e Lesbian (/wiki/Lesbian) , gay (/wiki/Gay_men) , bisexual (/wiki/Bisexuality) , and transgender (/wiki/Transgender) ( LGBT (/wiki/LGBT) ) slang (/wiki/LGBT_slang) List Aro (/wiki/Aromanticism) Ace (/wiki/Asexuality) Bareback (/wiki/Bareback_(sex)) Banjee (/wiki/Banjee) Bear (/wiki/Bear_(gay_culture)) Beard (/wiki/Beard_(companion)) Beat (/wiki/Gay_beat) Bi-curious (/wiki/Bi-curious) Butch and femme (/wiki/Butch_and_femme) Boi (/wiki/Boi_(slang)) Top, bottom and versatile (/wiki/Top,_bottom_and_versatile) Bottom surgery (/wiki/Sex_reassignment_surgery) Breeder (/wiki/Breeder_(slang)) Bugchasing (/wiki/Bugchasing) Bulldagger (/wiki/Dyke_(slang)) Butch (/wiki/Butch_(lesbian_slang)) Castro clone (/wiki/Castro_clone) Chicken (/wiki/Chicken_(gay_slang)) Chickenhawk (/wiki/Chickenhawk_(gay_slang)) Chub (/wiki/Chub_(gay_slang)) Chubby chaser (/wiki/Fat_fetishism) Cottaging (/wiki/Cottaging) Cruising (/wiki/Cruising_for_sex) Daddy (/wiki/Daddy_(gay_slang)) Down-low (/wiki/Down-low_(sexual_slang)) Drag (/wiki/Drag_(entertainment)) Dyke (/wiki/Dyke_(slang)) En femme (/wiki/En_femme) En homme (/wiki/En_homme) Fag (Faggot) (/wiki/Faggot_(slang)) Fag hag (/wiki/Fag_hag) Fag stag (/wiki/Fag_stag) Female queen (/wiki/Female_queen_(drag)) F2M/FTM (/wiki/Trans_man) Femboy (/wiki/Femboy) Femme (/wiki/Femme) Flagging (hanky code) (/wiki/Handkerchief_code) Friend of Dorothy (/wiki/Friend_of_Dorothy) Fruit (/wiki/Fruit_(slang)) Fruit fly (/wiki/Fruit_(slang)#Fruit_fly) Gay-for-pay (/wiki/Gay-for-pay) Gaydar (/wiki/Gaydar) Gaymer (/wiki/Gaymer) Genderfuck (/wiki/Gender_bender) Gold star (/wiki/Gold_star_(slang)) Glory hole (/wiki/Glory_hole_(sexual_slang)) Heteroflexibility (/wiki/Heteroflexibility) Lesbian until graduation (/wiki/Lesbian_until_graduation) Lipstick lesbian (/wiki/Lipstick_lesbian) M2F/MTF (/wiki/Trans_woman) Muffing (/wiki/Muffing) Non-op (/wiki/Non-op_(transsexual)) Packing (/wiki/Packing_(phallus)) Party and play (/wiki/Party_and_play) Passing (/wiki/Passing_(gender)) Poppers (/wiki/Poppers) Post-op (/wiki/Post-op_(transsexual)) Pre-op (/wiki/Pre-op_(transsexual)) Queen (/wiki/Queen_(slang)) RLE (/wiki/Real-life_experience_(transgender)) Same gender loving (/wiki/Same_gender_loving) Shemale (/wiki/Shemale) Soft butch (/wiki/Soft_butch) Scissoring (/wiki/Tribadism) SRS (/wiki/Sex_reassignment_surgery) Stone butch (/wiki/Stone_butch) Stealth (/wiki/Passing_(gender)#Stealth) Swish (/wiki/Swish_(slang)) T (/wiki/Testosterone_(medication)) Tea-room (/wiki/Cottaging) TERF (/wiki/Gender-critical_feminism) Top surgery (/wiki/Sex_reassignment_surgery_(female-to-male)#Mastectomy) Trache shave (/wiki/Chondrolaryngoplasty) Trade (/wiki/Trade_(gay_slang)) Tranny (/wiki/Tranny) Trans chaser (/wiki/Attraction_to_transgender_people) Transition (/wiki/Transitioning_(transgender)) Travesti (/wiki/Travesti_(gender_identity)) Tribbing (/wiki/Tribadism) Troll (/wiki/Troll_(gay_slang)) Twink (/wiki/Twink_(gay_slang)) U-Haul lesbian (/wiki/U-Haul_lesbian) Unicorn hunting (/wiki/Unicorn_hunting) Womyn-born womyn (/wiki/Womyn-born_womyn) Related Polari (/wiki/Polari) LGBT linguistics (/wiki/LGBT_linguistics) Terminology of homosexuality (/wiki/Terminology_of_homosexuality) Category (/wiki/Category:LGBT_slang) v t e Cross-dressing History History of drag (/wiki/History_of_drag) Bibliography of works on wartime cross-dressing (/wiki/Bibliography_of_works_on_wartime_cross-dressing) Transvestism (/wiki/Transvestism) In wartime (/wiki/Wartime_cross-dressing) Womanless wedding (/wiki/Womanless_wedding) Rebecca riots (/wiki/Rebecca_riots) Hybristica (/wiki/Hybristica) Cross dressing ball (/wiki/Cross_dressing_ball) Casa Susanna (/wiki/Casa_Susanna) Breeching (/wiki/Breeching_(boys)) Trousers as women's clothing (/wiki/Trousers_as_women%27s_clothing) Street Transvestite Action Revolutionaries (/wiki/Street_Transvestite_Action_Revolutionaries) Cross-gender acting (/wiki/Cross-gender_acting) Breeches role (/wiki/Breeches_role) Theatrical travesti (/wiki/Travesti_(theatre)) Drag (/wiki/Drag_(entertainment)) Pantomime dame (/wiki/Pantomime_dame) Principal boy (/wiki/Principal_boy) Onnagata (/wiki/Onnagata) Khawal (/wiki/Khawal) Köçek (/wiki/K%C3%B6%C3%A7ek) Shirabyōshi (/wiki/Shiraby%C5%8Dshi) Contemporary organizations and gatherings Fantasia Fair (/wiki/Fantasia_Fair) Kottankulangara Festival (/wiki/Kottankulangara_Festival) Tri-Ess (/wiki/Tri-Ess) ABGLT (/wiki/Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Brasileira_de_Gays,_L%C3%A9sbicas,_Bissexuais,_Travestis,_Transexuais_e_Intersexos) Subcultural slang Crossplay (cosplay) (/wiki/Crossplay_(cosplay)) Passing (/wiki/Passing_(gender)) En femme (/wiki/En_femme) En homme (/wiki/En_homme) Otokonoko (/wiki/Otokonoko) Passing techniques Breast binding (/wiki/Breast_binding) Female urination device (/wiki/Female_urination_device) Packing (phallus) (/wiki/Packing_(phallus)) Breast forms (/wiki/Breast_forms) Cleavage enhancement (/wiki/Cleavage_enhancement) Hip and buttock padding (/wiki/Hip_and_buttock_padding) Tucking (/wiki/Tucking) Gaff (clothing) (/wiki/Gaff_(clothing)) Media In film and television (/wiki/Cross-dressing_in_film_and_television) In literature (/wiki/Cross-dressing_in_literature) In music and opera (/wiki/Cross-dressing_in_music_and_opera) In animated series (/wiki/List_of_cross-dressing_characters_in_animated_series) Sexual practices Femdom (/wiki/Dominatrix) Feminization (/wiki/Feminization_(activity)) Petticoating (/wiki/Petticoating) Transvestic fetishism (/wiki/Transvestic_fetishism) Theories Causes of gender incongruence (/wiki/Causes_of_gender_incongruence) Social construction of gender (/wiki/Social_construction_of_gender) People Lists of cross-dressers (/wiki/Lists_of_cross-dressers) Wartime cross-dressers (/wiki/Wartime_cross-dressers) List of drag queens (/wiki/List_of_drag_queens) List of drag kings (/wiki/List_of_drag_kings) Related articles Gender variance (/wiki/Gender_variance) Femboy (/wiki/Femboy) Transgender (/wiki/Transgender) List of transgender-related topics (/wiki/List_of_transgender-related_topics) List of transgender publications (/wiki/List_of_transgender_publications) LGBT portal (/wiki/Portal:LGBT) Category (/wiki/Category:Cross-dressing) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) : National Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/1103153943) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐jt8gd Cached time: 20240720163413 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.689 seconds Real time usage: 2.073 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 11011/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 471631/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 65986/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 19/100 Expensive parser function count: 24/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 497405/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 1.028/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 22601836/52428800 bytes Lua Profile: MediaWiki\Extension\Scribunto\Engines\LuaSandbox\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction 220 ms 20.4% ? 160 ms 14.8% dataWrapper <mw.lua:672> 100 ms 9.3% recursiveClone <mwInit.lua:45> 80 ms 7.4% MediaWiki\Extension\Scribunto\Engines\LuaSandbox\LuaSandboxCallback::plain 80 ms 7.4% MediaWiki\Extension\Scribunto\Engines\LuaSandbox\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub 60 ms 5.6% citation0 <Module:Citation/CS1:2613> 60 ms 5.6% <mw.lua:694> 40 ms 3.7% MediaWiki\Extension\Scribunto\Engines\LuaSandbox\LuaSandboxCallback::len 40 ms 3.7% date 40 ms 3.7% [others] 200 ms 18.5% Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1719.337 1 -total 48.73% 837.884 2 Template:Reflist 20.71% 356.087 53 Template:Cite_web 16.81% 289.075 2 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists 11.52% 198.031 1 Template:Transgender_sidebar 7.65% 131.450 22 Template:Cite_book 7.22% 124.212 3 Template:Lang 6.58% 113.171 13 Template:Fix 5.67% 97.467 1 Template:Crossdressing 5.08% 87.260 21 Template:Cite_news Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:5700-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720163413 and revision id 1235501986. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cross-dressing&oldid=1235501986 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cross-dressing&oldid=1235501986) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Cross-dressing (/wiki/Category:Cross-dressing) Clothing controversies (/wiki/Category:Clothing_controversies) Hidden categories: All articles with dead external links (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links) Articles with dead external links from March 2023 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_March_2023) Articles with permanently dead external links (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links) CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Japanese-language_sources_(ja)) Webarchive template wayback links (/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links) Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from November 2023 (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_November_2023) CS1 maint: url-status (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_url-status) All articles lacking reliable references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references) Articles lacking reliable references from November 2023 (/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references_from_November_2023) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles containing Neapolitan-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Neapolitan-language_text) Pages with French IPA (/wiki/Category:Pages_with_French_IPA) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from May 2024 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_May_2024) Articles with unsourced statements from October 2023 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_October_2023) Wikipedia articles needing clarification from April 2024 (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_clarification_from_April_2024) Wikipedia articles needing clarification from May 2021 (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_clarification_from_May_2021) All pages needing factual verification (/wiki/Category:All_pages_needing_factual_verification) Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from May 2022 (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_factual_verification_from_May_2022) Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from March 2024 (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_factual_verification_from_March_2024) Wikipedia articles in need of updating from March 2024 (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_in_need_of_updating_from_March_2024) All Wikipedia articles in need of updating (/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_in_need_of_updating) Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata) Articles containing Turkish-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Turkish-language_text) Articles with GND identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_GND_identifiers)
Yaake dance of the Wodaabe, Niger 1997 The Fulani hat is a conical (/wiki/Pointy_hat) fiber hat (/wiki/Hat) with leather applications that comes from the Fulani people (/wiki/Fula_people) in West Africa (/wiki/West_Africa) . It is typically worn by the Wodaabe (/wiki/Wodaabe) , a nomadic (/wiki/Nomad) cattle-herder subgroup of the Fulani. This hat is often worn above a turban (/wiki/Turban) . In general, a Fulani hat is a basketry hat made of plant fibers (/wiki/Fiber_crop) . It is covered in leather (/wiki/Leather) both at the brim and top and sometimes with decorative leather elements in the middle. At the very top of the hat there is a knob which is covered in leather. At the base of the hat there is often a chinstrap with a tassel (/wiki/Tassel) at the end. [1] (#cite_note-1) The hats were featured on dancers in the 2018 music video All the Stars (/wiki/All_the_Stars) by the artist Kendrick Lamar (/wiki/Kendrick_Lamar) . [2] (#cite_note-2) There are some striking similarities between the Fulani hat and the medieval Jewish hat (/wiki/Jewish_hat) , even though there is no known connection between the two. [ citation needed ] Gallery [ edit ] See also [ edit ] Asian conical hat (/wiki/Asian_conical_hat) Salakot (/wiki/Salakot) Jewish hat (/wiki/Jewish_hat) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Historic Textiles and Apparel at URI: (https://uritextilesandapparel.wikispaces.com/Fulani+Hat) Fulani Hat ^ (#cite_ref-2) "How a 'Black Panther' Music Video Taps into an Old Trend" (https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2018/03/all-the-stars-kendrick-lamar-sza-video-afrocentrism-afrofuturism/554306/) . The Atlantic (/wiki/The_Atlantic) . March 2018. v t e Hats (/wiki/Hat) and caps (/wiki/Cap) List of hat styles (/wiki/List_of_hat_styles) Western (/wiki/Western_culture) culture (/wiki/Western_culture) Formal (/wiki/Formal_wear) Cartwheel (/wiki/Cartwheel_hat) Cloche (/wiki/Cloche_hat) Cocktail (/wiki/Cocktail_hat) Doll (/wiki/Doll_hat) Draped turban (/wiki/Draped_turban) Eugénie (/wiki/Eug%C3%A9nie_hat) Fascinator (/wiki/Fascinator) Half (/wiki/Half_hat) Halo (/wiki/Halo_hat) Juliet (/wiki/Juliet_cap) Mushroom (/wiki/Mushroom_hat) Lampshade (/wiki/Lampshade_hat) Picture (/wiki/Picture_hat) Peach (/wiki/Peach_basket_hat) Pillbox (/wiki/Pillbox_hat) Tam (/wiki/Tam_cap) Top (/wiki/Top_hat) Opera (/wiki/Opera_hat) Semi-formal (/wiki/Semi-formal_wear) Homburg (/wiki/Homburg_hat) Anthony Eden (/wiki/Anthony_Eden_hat) Boater (/wiki/Boater) Bowler (/wiki/Bowler_hat) Buntal (/wiki/Buntal_hat) Informal (/wiki/Informal_wear) Cabbage-tree (/wiki/Cabbage-tree_hat) Chupalla (/wiki/Chupalla) Fedora (/wiki/Fedora) Trilby (/wiki/Trilby) Flat (/wiki/Flat_cap) Coppola (/wiki/Coppola_cap) Newsboy (/wiki/Newsboy_cap) Panama (/wiki/Panama_hat) Pork pie (/wiki/Pork_pie_hat) Smoking (/wiki/Smoking_cap) Wideawake (/wiki/Wideawake_hat) Uniforms (/wiki/Uniform) Aviator (/wiki/Aviator_hat) Bearskin (/wiki/Bearskin) Bell-boy hat (/wiki/Bell-boy_hat) Bicorne (/wiki/Bicorne) Black (/wiki/Black_cap) Boonie (/wiki/Boonie_hat) Budenovka (/wiki/Budenovka) Busby (/wiki/Busby_(military_headdress)) Campaign (/wiki/Campaign_hat) Cap comforter (/wiki/Cap_comforter) Cappello Alpino (/wiki/Cappello_Alpino) Casquette d'Afrique (/wiki/Casquette_d%27Afrique) Caubeen (/wiki/Caubeen) Cavalry Stetson (/wiki/Cavalry_Stetson) Czapka (/wiki/Czapka) Doctoral (/wiki/Doctoral_hat) Feather bonnet (/wiki/Feather_bonnet) Forage (/wiki/Forage_cap) Karvalakki (/wiki/Karvalakki) Fur wedge (/wiki/Fur_wedge_cap) Hardee (/wiki/Hardee_hat) Jeep (/wiki/Jeep_cap) Kepi (/wiki/Kepi) Mazepynka (/wiki/Mazepynka) Nurse's (/wiki/Nurse%27s_cap) Maintenance (/wiki/Cap_of_maintenance) / Chapeau (/wiki/Chapeau) Military beret (/wiki/Military_beret) / Uniform beret (/wiki/Uniform_beret) Black (/wiki/Black_beret) Blue (/wiki/Blue_beret) Green (/wiki/Green_beret) Maroon (/wiki/Maroon_beret) Red (/wiki/Red_beret) Tan (/wiki/Tan_beret) Patrol (/wiki/Patrol_cap) Peaked (/wiki/Peaked_cap) Mariner's (/wiki/Mariner%27s_cap) Sailor (/wiki/Sailor_cap) Printer's (/wiki/Printer%27s_hat) Rogatywka (/wiki/Rogatywka) Shako (/wiki/Shako) Side (/wiki/Side_cap) Titovka (/wiki/Titovka_(cap)) Triglavka (/wiki/Triglavka) Ski (/wiki/Ski_cap) Slouch (/wiki/Slouch_hat) Sou'wester (/wiki/Sou%27wester) Student (/wiki/Student_cap) Faluche (/wiki/Faluche) Square academic (/wiki/Square_academic_cap) Tricorne (/wiki/Tricorne) Utility cover (/wiki/Utility_cover) Religious (/wiki/Religious_clothing) Christian (/wiki/Christian_clothing) Western (/wiki/Western_Christianity) Biretta (/wiki/Biretta) Canterbury (/wiki/Canterbury_cap) Camauro (/wiki/Camauro) Capirote (/wiki/Capirote) Cappello romano (/wiki/Cappello_romano) Capuchon (/wiki/Capuchon) Christening cap (/wiki/Christening_cap) Galero (/wiki/Galero) Head covering for Christian women (/wiki/Head_covering_for_Christian_women) Easter bonnet (/wiki/Easter_bonnet) Mantilla (/wiki/Mantilla) Wimple (/wiki/Wimple) Mitre (/wiki/Mitre) Papal tiara (/wiki/Papal_tiara) Pilgrim's (/wiki/Pilgrim%27s_hat) Salvation Army bonnet (/wiki/Salvation_Army_bonnet) Shovel (/wiki/Shovel_hat) Zucchetto (/wiki/Zucchetto) Eastern (/wiki/Eastern_Christianity) Klobuk (/wiki/Klobuk) Epanokalimavkion (/wiki/Epanokalimavkion) Kalimavkion (/wiki/Kalimavkion) Koukoulion (/wiki/Koukoulion) Skufia (/wiki/Skufia) Jewish (/wiki/Jewish_religious_clothing) Jewish (/wiki/Jewish_hat) Kashket (/wiki/Kashket) Kippah (/wiki/Kippah) Kolpik (/wiki/Kolpik) Spodik (/wiki/Spodik) Shtreimel (/wiki/Shtreimel) Casual (/wiki/Casual_wear) Animal (/wiki/Animal_hat) Ascot (/wiki/Ascot_cap) Barretina (/wiki/Barretina) Beanie (/wiki/Beanie_(seamed_cap)) Beret (/wiki/Beret) Bobble (/wiki/Bobble_hat) Breton (/wiki/Breton_(hat)) Bucket (/wiki/Bucket_hat) Chilote (/wiki/Chilote_cap) Cowboy (/wiki/Cowboy_hat) Boss of the Plains (/wiki/Boss_of_the_Plains) Fruit (/wiki/Fruit_hat) Knit (/wiki/Knit_cap) Monmouth (/wiki/Monmouth_cap) Party (/wiki/Party_hat) Shower (/wiki/Shower_cap) Tin foil (/wiki/Tin_foil_hat) Umbrella (/wiki/Umbrella_hat) Whoopee (/wiki/Whoopee_cap) Sports Cricket (/wiki/Cricket_cap) Baggy green (/wiki/Baggy_green) Balaclava (/wiki/Balaclava_(clothing)) Facekini (/wiki/Facekini) Baseball (/wiki/Baseball_cap) Trucker (/wiki/Trucker_hat) Bicycle clip (/wiki/Bicycle_clip_hat) Casquette (/wiki/Casquette) Deerstalker (/wiki/Deerstalker) Horse racing (/wiki/Jockey%27s_cap) Mounteere (/wiki/Mounteere_cap) Rally (/wiki/Rally_cap) Sports visor (/wiki/Sports_visor) Green eyeshade (/wiki/Green_eyeshade) Stormy Kromer (/wiki/Stormy_Kromer_cap) Swimming (/wiki/Swim_cap) Water polo (/wiki/Water_polo_cap) Historical (/wiki/History_of_Western_fashion) Attifet (/wiki/Attifet) Apex (/wiki/Apex_(headdress)) Beaver (/wiki/Beaver_hat) Bergère (/wiki/Berg%C3%A8re_hat) Boudoir (/wiki/Boudoir_cap) Boyar (/wiki/Boyar_hat) Bycocket (/wiki/Bycocket) Capotain (/wiki/Capotain) Cavalier (/wiki/Cavalier_hat) Coal scuttle bonnet (/wiki/Coal_scuttle_bonnet) Coif (/wiki/Coif) Dolly Varden (/wiki/Dolly_Varden_(costume)) Dunce (/wiki/Dunce_cap) Fontange (/wiki/Fontange) French hood (/wiki/French_hood) Phrygian (/wiki/Phrygian_cap) Hennin (/wiki/Hennin) Kausia (/wiki/Kausia) Kokoshnik (/wiki/Kokoshnik) Miner's (/wiki/Miner%27s_cap) Mob (/wiki/Mobcap) Modius (/wiki/Modius_(headdress)) Pamela (/wiki/Pamela_hat) Petasos (/wiki/Petasos) Pileus (/wiki/Pileus_(hat)) Poke bonnet (/wiki/Poke_bonnet) Pudding (/wiki/Baby_bumper_headguard_cap) Toque (/wiki/Toque) Witch (/wiki/Witch_hat) Gediminas' Cap (/wiki/Gediminas%27_Cap) Folk (/wiki/Folk_costume) Arakhchin (/wiki/Arakhchin) Asian conical (/wiki/Asian_conical_hat) Aso Oke (/wiki/Aso_Oke_hat) Astrakhan (hat) (/wiki/Canadian_military_fur_wedge_cap) Ayam (/wiki/Ayam_(cap)) Balmoral bonnet (/wiki/Balmoral_bonnet) Bell-boy (/wiki/Bell-boy_hat) Beonggeoji (/wiki/Beonggeoji) Bhadgaunle Topi (/wiki/Bhadgaunle_Topi) Birke topi (/wiki/Birke_topi) Blangkon (/wiki/Blangkon) Blue bonnet (/wiki/Blue_bonnet_(hat)) Chapan (/wiki/Chapan) Chullo (/wiki/Chullo) Coloured (/wiki/Coloured_hat) Coonskin (/wiki/Coonskin_cap) Cork (/wiki/Cork_hat) Dhaka topi (/wiki/Dhaka_topi) Doppa (/wiki/Doppa) Dutch (/wiki/Dutch_cap) Energy dome (/wiki/Energy_dome) Fez (/wiki/Fez_(hat)) Four Winds (/wiki/Four_Winds_hat) Fujin (/wiki/Fujin_(headgear)) Fulani Futou (/wiki/Futou) Gandhi (/wiki/Gandhi_cap) Gat (/wiki/Gat_(hat)) Glengarry (/wiki/Glengarry) Icelandic tail (/wiki/Icelandic_tail-cap) Jaapi (/wiki/Jaapi) Jeongjagwan (/wiki/Jeongjagwan) Jobawi (/wiki/Jobawi) Kalpak (/wiki/Kalpak) Karakul (/wiki/Karakul_(hat)) Kasa (/wiki/Kasa_(hat)) Kashket (/wiki/Kashket) Keffiyeh (/wiki/Keffiyeh) Kofia (/wiki/Kofia_(hat)) Kufi (/wiki/Kufi) Kuma (/wiki/Kuma_(cap)) Labbade (/wiki/Labbade) Lika (/wiki/Lika_cap) Malahai (/wiki/Malahai) Montenegrin (/wiki/Montenegrin_cap) Montera picona (/wiki/Montera_picona) Mooskappe (/wiki/Mooskappe) Nambawi (/wiki/Nambawi) Nón quai thao (/wiki/N%C3%B3n_quai_thao) Ochipok (/wiki/Ochipok) Paag (/wiki/Paag) Pahlavi (/wiki/Pahlavi_hat) Pakol (/wiki/Pakol) Papakha (/wiki/Papakha) Pashteen (/wiki/Pashteen_hat) Pungcha (/wiki/Pungcha) Qeleshe (/wiki/Qeleshe) Qing (/wiki/Qing_official_headwear) Rastacap (/wiki/Rastacap) Šajkača (/wiki/%C5%A0ajka%C4%8Da) Salako (/wiki/Salako) Salakot (/wiki/Salakot) Senufo bird (/wiki/Senufo_bird) Shyade (/wiki/Shyade) Šibenik (/wiki/%C5%A0ibenik_cap) Sindhi (/wiki/Sindhi_cap) Sombrero (/wiki/Sombrero) Sombrero calañés (/wiki/Sombrero_cala%C3%B1%C3%A9s) Sombrero cordobés (/wiki/Cordovan_hat) Sombrero de catite (/wiki/Sombrero_de_catite) Sombrero vueltiao (/wiki/Sombrero_vueltiao) Song (/wiki/Song_official_headwear) Songkok (/wiki/Songkok) Stormy Kromer cap (/wiki/Stormy_Kromer_cap) Straw (/wiki/Straw_hat) Šubara (/wiki/%C5%A0ubara) Sun (/wiki/Sun_hat) Tam o' shanter (/wiki/Tam_o%27_shanter_(cap)) Tang (/wiki/Tang_official_headwear) Tanggeon (/wiki/Tanggeon) Tantour (/wiki/Tantour) Taqiyah (/wiki/Taqiyah_(cap)) Tembel (/wiki/Tembel_hat) Tokin (/wiki/Tokin_(headwear)) Topor (/wiki/Topor_(headgear)) Tsunokakushi (/wiki/Tsunokakushi) Tubeteika (/wiki/Tubeteika) Tuque (/wiki/Tuque) Tyrolean (/wiki/Tyrolean_hat) Upe (/wiki/Upe) Ushanka (/wiki/Ushanka) Welsh (/wiki/Welsh_hat) Yanggwan (/wiki/Yanggwan) Wrapped headwear Apostolnik (/wiki/Apostolnik) Bashlyk (/wiki/Bashlyk) Birrus (/wiki/Birrus) Bonnet (/wiki/Bonnet_(headgear)) Boshiya (/wiki/Boshiya) Burqa (/wiki/Burqa) Caul (/wiki/Caul_(headgear)) Chador (/wiki/Chador) Chaperon (/wiki/Chaperon_(headgear)) Cornette (/wiki/Cornette) Dastar (/wiki/Dastar) Do-rag (/wiki/Do-rag) Dumalla (/wiki/Dumalla) Emamah (/wiki/Hejazi_turban) Għonnella (/wiki/G%C4%A7onnella) Gook (/wiki/Gook_(headgear)) Gugel (/wiki/Gugel) Gulle (/wiki/Gulle) Haredi burqa sect (/wiki/Haredi_burqa_sect) Hijab (/wiki/Hijab) Hogeon (/wiki/Hogeon) Hood (/wiki/Hood_(headgear)) Jang-ot (/wiki/Jang-ot) Khăn vấn (/wiki/Kh%C4%83n_v%E1%BA%A5n) Litham (/wiki/Litham) Mysore peta (/wiki/Mysore_peta) Niqāb (/wiki/Niq%C4%81b) Pagri (/wiki/Pagri_(turban)) Paranja (/wiki/Paranja) Pheta (/wiki/Pheta) Puneri Pagadi (/wiki/Puneri_Pagadi) Roach (/wiki/Roach_(headdress)) Snood (/wiki/Snood_(headgear)) Sudra (/wiki/Sudra_(headdress)) Tichel (/wiki/Tichel) Tudong (/wiki/Tudong) Turban (/wiki/Turban) Veil (/wiki/Veil) Yashmak (/wiki/Yashmak) Hat parts Agal (/wiki/Agal_(accessory)) Aigrette (/wiki/Aigrette) Brim (/wiki/Hat_brim) Bumper brim (/wiki/Bumper_brim) Campaign cord (/wiki/Campaign_cord) Cointoise (/wiki/Cointoise) Gamsbart (/wiki/Gamsbart) Hackle (/wiki/Hackle) Lappet (/wiki/Lappet) Plume (/wiki/Plume_(feather)) Sarpech (/wiki/Sarpech) Visor (/wiki/Visor) Accessories Cockade (/wiki/Cockade) Feathers (/wiki/Feather) Hat box (/wiki/Hat_box) Hatpin (/wiki/Hatpin) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐rj4ts Cached time: 20240721153857 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.281 seconds Real time usage: 0.378 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 513/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 60805/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 636/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 20575/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.157/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3392022/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 282.547 1 -total 36.10% 101.996 5 Template:Navbox 34.71% 98.061 1 Template:Reflist 32.73% 92.467 1 Template:Hats 29.67% 83.826 1 Template:Cite_web 21.42% 60.521 1 Template:Citation_needed 15.32% 43.297 1 Template:Fix 9.85% 27.823 2 Template:Category_handler 2.35% 6.641 1 Template:Delink 0.90% 2.530 1 Template:Fix/category Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:53453809-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721153857 and revision id 1235854268. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fulani_hat&oldid=1235854268 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fulani_hat&oldid=1235854268) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : African clothing (/wiki/Category:African_clothing) Pointed hats (/wiki/Category:Pointed_hats) Fula people (/wiki/Category:Fula_people) Hidden categories: All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from July 2024 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_July_2024)
Subculture centered on Gothic and classic education Gothic architecture (/wiki/Gothic_architecture) is a common element of the dark academia aesthetic. Dark academia is an internet aesthetic (/wiki/Internet_aesthetic) [1] (#cite_note-1) and subculture (/wiki/Subculture) [2] (#cite_note-initial_NYTimes-2) concerned with higher education (/wiki/Higher_education) , the arts (/wiki/The_arts) , and literature (/wiki/Literature) , or an idealised version thereof. The aesthetic centres on traditional educational clothing, interior design, activities such as writing (/wiki/Writing) and poetry (/wiki/Poetry) , ancient art (/wiki/Ancient_art) , and classic literature (/wiki/Classic_literature) , as well as classical Greek (/wiki/Ancient_Greek_architecture) and Collegiate Gothic (/wiki/Collegiate_Gothic) architecture. [3] (#cite_note-TikTok-3) The trend emerged on social media site Tumblr (/wiki/Tumblr) in 2015, before being popularised by adolescents and young adults in the late 2010s and early 2020s, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) . [4] (#cite_note-4) Aesthetic [ edit ] Collegiate Gothic (/wiki/Collegiate_Gothic) architecture is a popular theme within the aesthetic. The fashion of the 1930s (/wiki/1930s) and 1940s (/wiki/1940s) features prominently in the dark academia aesthetic, particularly clothing associated with attendance at Oxbridge (/wiki/Oxbridge) , Ivy League (/wiki/Ivy_League) schools, and prep schools of the period. A number of the articles of clothing most associated with the aesthetic are cardigans, blazers, dress shirts, plaid skirts, Oxford shoes (/wiki/Oxford_shoe) , and clothing made of houndstooth (/wiki/Houndstooth) and tweed (/wiki/Tweed) , its colour palette consisting mainly of black, white, beige, browns, dark green, and occasionally navy blue. [2] (#cite_note-initial_NYTimes-2) [5] (#cite_note-5) The subculture draws on idealised aesthetics of higher education (/wiki/Higher_education) and academia, often with books and libraries featuring prominently. Activities such as calligraphy (/wiki/Calligraphy) , museum visits, libraries, coffee shops, and all-night studying sessions are common among proponents. [3] (#cite_note-TikTok-3) Seasonal imagery of autumn (/wiki/Autumn) is also common. Imagery of Gothic (/wiki/Gothic_architecture) and Collegiate Gothic (/wiki/Collegiate_Gothic) architecture, candlelight, dark wooden furniture, and dense, cluttered rooms often occurs. [6] (#cite_note-6) The subculture has been described as maximalist (/wiki/Maximalism) and nostalgic (/wiki/Nostalgic) . [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) Universities that are often featured in dark academia imageboards include University of Oxford (/wiki/University_of_Oxford) , University of Cambridge (/wiki/University_of_Cambridge) , and Harvard University (/wiki/Harvard_University) . [9] (#cite_note-9) The subculture has similarities with Goth subculture (/wiki/Goth_subculture) , tending to romanticize the finding of beauty and poetry in dark themes. [10] (#cite_note-10) Tim Brinkhof of Big Think (/wiki/Big_Think) has stated that "moody architecture and philosophical pessimism" are key aspects of the aesthetic. [11] (#cite_note-Brinkhof_2022-11) Hannah Southwick of USA Today has described it as a "melancholic aesthetic," citing a fashion stylist who described it as "boarding school meets goth enthusiast." [12] (#cite_note-12) History [ edit ] The trend emerged on social media site Tumblr (/wiki/Tumblr) in 2015, as an aesthetic that captured the imaginations of a maturing " Harry Potter (/wiki/Harry_Potter) generation", [13] (#cite_note-13) with various fandoms (/wiki/Fandom) using the site to share dark, Gothic revival interior and architectural photos. The aesthetic then grew into a distinct subculture, seeing a wave of popularisation on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) led by Ryan Taylor and Maria Teresa Negro in 2017. [14] (#cite_note-14) Dark academia rose in popularity during the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) . Increased interest in dark academia has been credited to the shutdown of schools. [2] (#cite_note-initial_NYTimes-2) Works [ edit ] The Gothic-styled Riggs Library (/wiki/Riggs_Library) at Georgetown University (/wiki/Georgetown_University) A number of classic works of literature, such as Oscar Wilde's (/wiki/Oscar_Wilde) The Picture of Dorian Gray (/wiki/The_Picture_of_Dorian_Gray) and Maurice (/wiki/Maurice_(novel)) by E. M. Forster (/wiki/E._M._Forster) , as well as the works of writers such as Lord Byron (/wiki/Lord_Byron) and Percy Bysshe Shelley (/wiki/Percy_Bysshe_Shelley) , have been cited as either influential or popular among the subculture or fitting within the subculture's aesthetics. [15] (#cite_note-15) Donna Tartt (/wiki/Donna_Tartt) 's novel The Secret History (/wiki/The_Secret_History) , published in 1992, which tells the story of a murder that takes place within a group of classics (/wiki/Classics) students at a New England (/wiki/New_England) liberal arts college (/wiki/Liberal_arts_college) , has been credited as being the inspiration for the trend. [16] (#cite_note-16) Other more recent books, such as R. F. Kuang (/wiki/R._F._Kuang) 's novel Babel (/wiki/Babel,_or_the_Necessity_of_Violence) , J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter (/wiki/Harry_Potter) series, If We Were Villains (/wiki/If_We_Were_Villains) by M. L. Rio, Piranesi (/wiki/Piranesi_(novel)) by Susanna Clarke (/wiki/Susanna_Clarke) , and Ninth House (/wiki/Ninth_House) by Leigh Bardugo (/wiki/Leigh_Bardugo) have also been included. [17] (#cite_note-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) A number of films and TV series have also been credited as fitting into the aesthetic. The 1989 film Dead Poets Society (/wiki/Dead_Poets_Society) [21] (#cite_note-UNCG-21) and the 2013 film Kill Your Darlings (/wiki/Kill_Your_Darlings_(2013_film)) [22] (#cite_note-sr2-22) have in particular been credited as among the sources of inspiration for dark academia. Writing for Screen Rant (/wiki/Screen_Rant) , Kayleena Pierce-Bohen has listed TV shows such as Ares (/wiki/Ares_(TV_series)) , The Umbrella Academy (/wiki/The_Umbrella_Academy_(TV_series)) , A Series of Unfortunate Events (/wiki/A_Series_of_Unfortunate_Events_(TV_series)) , The Queen’s Gambit and The Magicians (/wiki/The_Magicians_(American_TV_series)) as among works that fit within the aesthetics. [23] (#cite_note-sr1-23) [22] (#cite_note-sr2-22) Curated playlists (/wiki/Playlists) inspired by dark academia have been published by outlets such as VAN Magazine (/wiki/VAN_Magazine) and Spotify (/wiki/Spotify) . Such playlists focus on nineteenth and early-twentieth-century Western classical music (/wiki/Western_classical_music) , with a particular emphasis on Romantic (/wiki/Romantic_music) and Impressionist (/wiki/Impressionism_in_music) composers. [24] (#cite_note-24) [25] (#cite_note-25) Reception [ edit ] The Humanist Library of Sélestat (/wiki/Humanist_Library_of_S%C3%A9lestat) , France Book Riot writer Zoe Robertson stated that the subculture draws on "seductive depictions of shadowy extravagance" and reminds her "to see the rot in the foundations of an institution I can't stay away from, and build my own school in defiance." [26] (#cite_note-26) One writer compared it to the contemporary cottagecore (/wiki/Cottagecore) lifestyle aesthetic, saying that while cottagecore requires a home in the country and leisure time for crafting, dark academia's "simple act of putting on a blazer and reading Dostoevsky (/wiki/Fyodor_Dostoevsky) is far more doable." [27] (#cite_note-27) Some commentators have attributed the rise in popularity of the subculture as a reaction to cuts to university funding and the corporatisation of higher education. [28] (#cite_note-Quiring_2021-28) [29] (#cite_note-29) [30] (#cite_note-30) Honi Soit (/wiki/Honi_Soit) writer Ezara Norton stated that it "reveals a deep disillusionment with [education models that devalue knowledge unless it can be used to generate profit], and a longing for a space free to learn unencumbered by a neoliberal (/wiki/Neoliberalism) agenda." [31] (#cite_note-31) Writing for Jacobin (/wiki/Jacobin_(magazine)) , Amelia Horgan argued that the trend was in part a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in students leaving campuses to learn in their family homes where many did not have access to adequate study space, providing "a fantasy of the university experience" which they were unable to obtain. However, she also noted that the world presented in the aesthetic was very different from that of the contemporary university, highlighting trends in UK academia as an example of the impacts of neoliberal policies on education, including long hours and casualisation (/wiki/Workforce_casualisation) for teaching staff and students having to work multiple part-time jobs to cover their costs. [32] (#cite_note-horgan-32) In part in reaction to the growth of the subculture, the related " light academia (/wiki/Light_academia) " subculture has experienced a rise in popularity, often featuring lighter and softer imagery and colours and more overt emphasis on optimism. [33] (#cite_note-33) [34] (#cite_note-34) Criticism [ edit ] Dark academia has been criticized for a variety of reasons, including the aesthetic's perceived Eurocentrism (/wiki/Eurocentrism) , lack of diversity, and glamorisation of unhealthy lifestyle choices. [35] (#cite_note-35) [36] (#cite_note-36) [37] (#cite_note-37) [38] (#cite_note-38) [39] (#cite_note-39) Critics of the aesthetic have argued that the English literary canon from which it draws inspiration is an overwhelmingly white one, with Tim Brinkof claiming that associated content creators "prefer to discuss Oscar Wilde and Emily Dickinson (/wiki/Emily_Dickinson) over Toni Morrison (/wiki/Toni_Morrison) or James Baldwin (/wiki/James_Baldwin) ". [40] (#cite_note-40) [41] (#cite_note-41) [42] (#cite_note-42) [11] (#cite_note-Brinkhof_2022-11) Sarah Burton, a sociology fellow at City, University of London (/wiki/City,_University_of_London) , has noted that the aesthetic contains little representation of "most women, working class, people of colour, fatness, people with low economic or cultural capital, disability, caring and domestic activities and labour (especially the enjoyment of these), motherhood, queerness, and the mundanity of academic life". [43] (#cite_note-43) In response to the aesthetic's lack of diversity, efforts have been made to incorporate literary works from Black authors such as Langston Hughes (/wiki/Langston_Hughes) into dark academia. [44] (#cite_note-44) [45] (#cite_note-45) The sub-culture has also been criticised as elitist and as an " old money aesthetic (/wiki/Old_money_aesthetic) ". [46] (#cite_note-46) Drawing on the threefold typology of educational traditions outlined by Raymond Williams (/wiki/Raymond_Williams) in his book The Long Revolution (/wiki/The_Long_Revolution) , Amelia Horgan has described dark academia as being rooted in the attitudes of "old humanists committed to preserving and sustaining a traditional and hierarchical culture while preserving the legacy of humanistic study." [32] (#cite_note-horgan-32) Amy Crawford of the University of Dundee (/wiki/University_of_Dundee) has stated that the sub-culture "tends to romanticise European upper-class education." [47] (#cite_note-47) Kevin N. Dalby (/wiki/Kevin_N._Dalby) of the University of Texas at Austin (/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Austin) has stated that "its association with higher learning and Ivy League schools, in particular, creates elitism that does not enable just anyone to be a part of the group." [48] (#cite_note-48) Conversely, other commentators have noted that fashion items associated with the trend are easily and cheaply sourced from thrift stores. [49] (#cite_note-49) Others have argued that the aesthetic places too much emphasis on the aesthetic of art and higher education instead of proper study and analysis of these works, leading to misinterpretations of the source material. [50] (#cite_note-50) [51] (#cite_note-51) It has also faced criticism for potentially glamourising unhealthy behaviours, such as sleep deprivation, overworking, and substance misuse. [52] (#cite_note-52) [53] (#cite_note-53) [54] (#cite_note-54) [55] (#cite_note-55) See also [ edit ] Light academia (/wiki/Light_academia) Bohemianism (/wiki/Bohemianism) Classicism (/wiki/Classicism) Cottagecore (/wiki/Cottagecore) Dark romanticism (/wiki/Dark_romanticism) Goblincore (/wiki/Goblincore) Hauntology (/wiki/Hauntology) Neo-Victorian (/wiki/Neo-Victorian) Romanticism (/wiki/Romanticism) Steampunk (/wiki/Steampunk) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Edwards, Caroline (April 24, 2020). "Dark Academia is the witchy literary aesthetic sweeping TikTok" (https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/xgqn5d/dark-academia-is-the-latest-teen-internet-trend) . i-d.vice.com . Vice Media. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210415082319/https://i-d.vice.com/en_uk/article/xgqn5d/dark-academia-is-the-latest-teen-internet-trend) from the original on April 15, 2021 . Retrieved July 15, 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Bateman, Kristen (June 30, 2020). "Academia Lives — on TikTok" (https://web.archive.org/web/20200706004410/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/30/style/dark-academia-tiktok.html) . The New York Times . Archived from the original (https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/30/style/dark-academia-tiktok.html) on July 6, 2020 . Retrieved February 3, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b Abdi, Amal (August 5, 2020). "Meet Dark Academia, The Bookish Fashion Trend That's All Over TikTok" (https://www.refinery29.com/en-gb/dark-academia-aesthetic-tiktok-trend) . www.refinery29.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210511090112/https://www.refinery29.com/en-gb/dark-academia-aesthetic-tiktok-trend) from the original on May 11, 2021 . Retrieved June 22, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "TikTok's Dark Academia trend criticised for 'whiteness' (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2021/feb/10/tik-toks-dark-academia-trend-criticised-for-whiteness) " (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2021/feb/10/tik-toks-dark-academia-trend-criticised-for-whiteness) . The Guardian . February 10, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210226054648/https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2021/feb/10/tik-toks-dark-academia-trend-criticised-for-whiteness) from the original on February 26, 2021 . Retrieved February 23, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Ike, Noëlle (October 26, 2021). "Dark academia is trending: Here's how to nail the fall fashion trend from TikTok" (https://us.cnn.com/2021/10/26/cnn-underscored/dark-academia-outfit-ideas/index.html) . CNN . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211107213552/https://us.cnn.com/2021/10/26/cnn-underscored/dark-academia-outfit-ideas/index.html) from the original on November 7, 2021 . Retrieved November 7, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Six Reasons to Explore the Dark Academia Aesthetic \| Her Campus" (https://www.hercampus.com/school/gettysburg/six-reasons-explore-dark-academia-aesthetic/) . www.hercampus.com . March 3, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210726001310/https://www.hercampus.com/school/gettysburg/six-reasons-explore-dark-academia-aesthetic/) from the original on July 26, 2021 . Retrieved July 28, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Slack, Megan (July 29, 2021). "Introducing 'Dark Academia' – the new trend filling interiors with moody maximalism" (https://www.homesandgardens.com/news/dark-academia-trend) . homesandgardens.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210902123731/https://www.homesandgardens.com/news/dark-academia-trend) from the original on September 2, 2021 . Retrieved September 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Foulston, Freddy (November 6, 2021). "Nostalgia and the Dark Academia aesthetic" (https://www.oxfordstudent.com/2021/11/06/nostalgia-and-the-dark-academia-aesthetic/) . Oxford Student . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211107212306/https://www.oxfordstudent.com/2021/11/06/nostalgia-and-the-dark-academia-aesthetic/) from the original on November 7, 2021 . Retrieved November 7, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Zirngast, Lisa (June 17, 2021). "Everything to know about the "Dark Academia Aesthetic" Trend" (https://www.lofficiel.at/en/pop-culture/dark-academia-aesthetic) . lofficiel.at . Paris: L'Officiel. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210902123743/https://www.lofficiel.at/en/pop-culture/dark-academia-aesthetic) from the original on September 2, 2021 . Retrieved September 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Topacio, Justine Gianna (March 16, 2021). "Studying the Dark Academia trend" (https://www.youthjournalism.org/studying-the-dark-academia-trend/) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210701195550/https://youthjournalism.org/studying-the-dark-academia-trend/) from the original on July 1, 2021 . Retrieved July 4, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b Brinkhof, Tim (January 22, 2022). "What is "Dark Academia," and why is it trending on social media in 2022?" (https://bigthink.com/high-culture/dark-academia/) . Big Think . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220613131349/https://bigthink.com/high-culture/dark-academia/) from the original on June 13, 2022 . Retrieved June 6, 2022 . Dark Academia has been accused of being Eurocentric, seeing that the style is built around European universities with predominantly Western curricula. Go on TikTok, and you will find that most Dark Academia content creators prefer to discuss Oscar Wilde and Emily Dickinson over Toni Morrison or James Baldwin, even though the latter two authors were just as insightful as the former. Talking with magazines, more than one social media influencer said they received DMs from others asking if they would fit into the subculture if they weren't white or wealthy. ^ (#cite_ref-12) Southwick, Hannah (February 18, 2022). "What is dark academia? An explainer on Gen Z's favorite aesthetic" (https://usatoday.com/story/money/reviewed/2022/02/18/what-is-dark-academia-an-explainer-on-gen-zs-favorite-aesthetic/49818563/) . USA Today (/wiki/USA_Today) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220613131349/https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/reviewed/2022/02/18/what-is-dark-academia-an-explainer-on-gen-zs-favorite-aesthetic/49818563/) from the original on June 13, 2022 . Retrieved June 6, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) McLaughlin, Kathrine. "Is Dark Academia the Only Microtrend Built to Last?" (https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/dark-academia-design-trend) . Architectural Digest . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230511121852/https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/dark-academia-design-trend) from the original on May 11, 2023 . Retrieved May 11, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "The Rise of Dark Academia" (https://www.vinsider.ca/voices/the-rise-of-dark-academia/) . The Insider . November 5, 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220331012448/https://www.vinsider.ca/voices/the-rise-of-dark-academia/) from the original on March 31, 2022 . Retrieved December 9, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "The pages of Dark Academia" (https://mb.com.ph/2021/07/16/the-pages-of-dark-academia/) . Manila Bulletin . July 16, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210727194108/https://mb.com.ph/2021/07/16/the-pages-of-dark-academia/) from the original on July 27, 2021 . Retrieved July 27, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Garrett, Beata (October 6, 2019). " (http://www.mountholyokenews.com/books/2019/10/4/the-secret-history-makes-strides-in-budding-dark-academia-genre) "The Secret History" Makes Strides in Budding Dark Academia Genre" (http://www.mountholyokenews.com/books/2019/10/4/the-secret-history-makes-strides-in-budding-dark-academia-genre) . Mount Holyoke News . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191008214132/http://www.mountholyokenews.com/books/2019/10/4/the-secret-history-makes-strides-in-budding-dark-academia-genre) from the original on October 8, 2019 . Retrieved July 15, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Price, Tirzah (June 16, 2021). "6 of the Best New Dark Academia YA Books to Put on Your TBR" (https://bookriot.com/dark-academia-ya-books/) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210727194118/https://bookriot.com/dark-academia-ya-books/) from the original on July 27, 2021 . Retrieved July 27, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "8 Queer Dark Academia Novels You Should Read ASAP" (https://nerdist.com/article/dark-academia-novels-queer-pride/) . Nerdist . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "20 Dark Academia Books You'll Be Totally Obsessed With" (https://www.rd.com/list/dark-academia-books/) . Reader's Digest . October 10, 2022 . Retrieved October 18, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Lawson, Sydney. " (https://usishield.com/37865/features/babel-is-a-tantalizing-tale-of-academia-secret-societies-and-deadly-privilege/) "Babel" is a tantalizing tale of academia, secret societies and deadly privilege" (https://usishield.com/37865/features/babel-is-a-tantalizing-tale-of-academia-secret-societies-and-deadly-privilege/) . The Shield . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230106184103/https://usishield.com/37865/features/babel-is-a-tantalizing-tale-of-academia-secret-societies-and-deadly-privilege/) from the original on January 6, 2023 . Retrieved January 6, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-UNCG_21-0) "Dark Academia: Students Romanticize College Life Again" (https://carolinianuncg.com/2021/03/30/dark-academia-students-romanticize-college-life-again/) . March 30, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210624204445/https://carolinianuncg.com/2021/03/30/dark-academia-students-romanticize-college-life-again/) from the original on June 24, 2021 . Retrieved June 22, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Dead Poets Society & 9 Other Movies For Fans Of The Dark Academia Aesthetic" (https://screenrant.com/dead-poets-society-best-movies-dark-academia/) . ScreenRant . January 5, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210110042933/https://screenrant.com/dead-poets-society-best-movies-dark-academia/) from the original on January 10, 2021 . Retrieved July 27, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-sr1_23-0) "15 Best Dark/Gothic Academia Movies & TV Shows On Netflix" (https://screenrant.com/best-dark-academia-movies-tv-shows-streaming-netflix-gothic-aesthetic/) . ScreenRant . December 2, 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210526204607/https://screenrant.com/best-dark-academia-movies-tv-shows-streaming-netflix-gothic-aesthetic/) from the original on May 26, 2021 . Retrieved July 27, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Giovetti, Olivia (October 27, 2022). "A Dark Academia Playlist: Music to murder your Greek classmates on an isolated New England campus by" (https://van-magazine.com/mag/dark-academia-playlist/) . VAN Magazine . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221027132421/https://van-magazine.com/mag/dark-academia-playlist/) from the original on October 27, 2022 . Retrieved August 4, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Spotify Official. "Dark Academia Classical" (https://open.spotify.com/playlist/37i9dQZF1DX17GkScaAekA) . Spotify . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230904125214/https://open.spotify.com/playlist/37i9dQZF1DX17GkScaAekA) from the original on September 4, 2023 . Retrieved September 14, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) Robertson, Zoe (February 27, 2020). "The Scholarship of Sexy Privilege: Why Do I Love Dark Academia Books?" (https://bookriot.com/dark-academia-books/) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210624211913/https://bookriot.com/dark-academia-books/) from the original on June 24, 2021 . Retrieved June 22, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) Jennings, Rebecca (July 7, 2020). "This week in TikTok: Are you cottage-core or more "dark academia"?" (https://www.vox.com/the-goods/2020/7/7/21315213/cottagecore-tiktok-dark-academia) . Vox . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221025182913/https://www.vox.com/the-goods/2020/7/7/21315213/cottagecore-tiktok-dark-academia) from the original on October 25, 2022 . Retrieved July 15, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Quiring_2021_28-0) "What's Dark about Dark Academia" (http://avidly.lareviewofbooks.org/2021/03/31/whats-dark-about-dark-academia/) . March 31, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183616/http://avidly.lareviewofbooks.org/2021/03/31/whats-dark-about-dark-academia/) from the original on July 9, 2021 . Retrieved July 5, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) "Dark Academia and debt: University thrillers are the literary subgenre of the student loan crisis" (https://www.salon.com/2021/07/31/dark-academia-and-debt-university-thrillers-are-the-literary-subgenre-of-the-student-loan-crisis/) . July 31, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210904142006/https://www.salon.com/2021/07/31/dark-academia-and-debt-university-thrillers-are-the-literary-subgenre-of-the-student-loan-crisis/) from the original on September 4, 2021 . Retrieved September 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) Gentry, Amy (February 18, 2021). "Dark Academia: Your Guide to the New Wave of Post-Secret History Campus Thrillers" (https://crimereads.com/dark-academia-your-guide-to-the-new-wave-of-post-secret-history-campus-thrillers/) . Crimeread . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211107212306/https://crimereads.com/dark-academia-your-guide-to-the-new-wave-of-post-secret-history-campus-thrillers/) from the original on November 7, 2021 . Retrieved November 7, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "Dark academia: how institutions fail learning" (https://honisoit.com/2021/05/dark-academia-how-institutions-fail-learning/) . Honi Soit . May 9, 2021. ^ Jump up to: a b Horgan, Amelia (December 19, 2021). "The "Dark Academia" Subculture Offers a Fantasy Alternative to the Neoliberal University" (https://www.jacobinmag.com/2021/12/instagram-tumblr-humanities-romanticism-old-money-uk) . Jacobin (/wiki/Jacobin_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220205140612/https://www.jacobinmag.com/2021/12/instagram-tumblr-humanities-romanticism-old-money-uk) from the original on February 5, 2022 . Retrieved February 5, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "Explained: What is light academia, the softer younger sister to dark academia?" (https://thetab.com/uk/2021/05/14/explained-what-is-light-academia-the-softer-younger-sister-to-dark-academia-205446) . UK . May 14, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210514150945/https://thetab.com/uk/2021/05/14/explained-what-is-light-academia-the-softer-younger-sister-to-dark-academia-205446) from the original on May 14, 2021 . Retrieved June 22, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "Light Academia Vs Dark Academia Fashion Aesthetics - Womanology" (https://womanology.co.uk/light-academia-vs-dark-academia-fashion/) . womanology.co.uk . October 18, 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-35) "Dark Academia: The Toxic Cultural Paradigms promoted by a Dark Academic Aesthetic" (https://www.hercampus.com/school/ashoka/dark-academia-toxic-cultural-paradigms-promoted-dark-academic-aesthetic) . Her Campus . September 21, 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201207200815/https://www.hercampus.com/school/ashoka/dark-academia-toxic-cultural-paradigms-promoted-dark-academic-aesthetic) from the original on December 7, 2020 . Retrieved June 22, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-36) Floyd, Courtney (October 27, 2021). "Beyond Dark Academia: The Real Horror in Magic School Is Systemic Inequality" (https://www.tor.com/2021/10/27/beyond-dark-academia-the-real-horror-in-magic-school-is-systemic-inequality/) . Tor.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211107211121/https://www.tor.com/2021/10/27/beyond-dark-academia-the-real-horror-in-magic-school-is-systemic-inequality/) from the original on November 7, 2021 . Retrieved November 7, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-37) Thompson, Maya (September 29, 2021). "Foiling fiat lux: Dark academia and the mirage of digital aesthetics" (https://www.dailycal.org/2021/09/29/foiling-fiat-lux-dark-academia-and-the-mirage-of-digital-aesthetics/) . The Daily Californian . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220407192133/https://www.dailycal.org/2021/09/29/foiling-fiat-lux-dark-academia-and-the-mirage-of-digital-aesthetics/) from the original on April 7, 2022 . Retrieved November 7, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-38) Jaigirdar, Abida (September 9, 2021). "What Is Dark Academia And Why Is It So Popular" (https://bookriot.com/what-is-dark-academia/) . Book Riot . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211107212306/https://bookriot.com/what-is-dark-academia/) from the original on November 7, 2021 . Retrieved November 7, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-39) B., Vincent (January 2, 2021). " (https://www.lemagducine.fr/cinema/dossiers/dark-academia-une-esthetique-scolaire-10033380/) " Dark Academia " : une esthétique " scolaire " ?" (https://www.lemagducine.fr/cinema/dossiers/dark-academia-une-esthetique-scolaire-10033380/) . Le Mag du Ciné . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211107213553/https://www.lemagducine.fr/cinema/dossiers/dark-academia-une-esthetique-scolaire-10033380/) from the original on November 7, 2021 . Retrieved November 7, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-40) "The Sins of Dark Academia" (https://www.mcgilldaily.com/2021/09/the-sins-of-dark-academia/) . September 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210902123731/https://www.mcgilldaily.com/2021/09/the-sins-of-dark-academia/) from the original on September 2, 2021 . Retrieved September 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-41) Bologna, Caroline (October 14, 2021). "Dark Academia Is Coming For Fall. Move Over, Cottagecore" (https://www.huffpost.com/entry/dark-academia-trend_l_61305199e4b0df9fe271d7d2) . Huffington Post . Retrieved November 7, 2021 . The subculture of dark academia has faced criticism for inherently promoting Western colonial education and the supremacy of classical literature. ^ (#cite_ref-42) Andrew, Scottie (January 29, 2022). "A guide to 'dark academia,' the TikTok-popular aesthetic with preppy style and an intellectual focus" (https://edition.cnn.com/style/article/dark-academia-tiktok-aesthetic-cec/index.html) . CNN . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220129125521/https://edition.cnn.com/style/article/dark-academia-tiktok-aesthetic-cec/index.html) from the original on January 29, 2022 . Retrieved June 6, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-43) "Dark Academia, Gender, Intellectualism" (https://blogs.ncl.ac.uk/nuwomen/2021/02/16/dark-academia-gender-intellectualism/) . Newcastle University (/wiki/Newcastle_University) . February 16, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220205140614/https://blogs.ncl.ac.uk/nuwomen/2021/02/16/dark-academia-gender-intellectualism/) from the original on February 5, 2022 . Retrieved February 5, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-44) "Finding Diversity in Dark Academia" (https://www.themadameblue.com/blog/finding-diversity-in-dark-academia) . Madame Blue . November 5, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183437/https://www.themadameblue.com/blog/finding-diversity-in-dark-academia) from the original on July 9, 2021 . Retrieved July 5, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-45) Soumyanath, Sujena (October 4, 2021). "Wear Me This: Dark Academia could be the answer to the very problem it romanticizes" (https://dailyfreepress.com/2021/10/04/wear-me-this-dark-academia-could-be-the-answer-to-the-very-problem-it-romanticizes/) . The Daily Free Press . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211107211120/https://dailyfreepress.com/2021/10/04/wear-me-this-dark-academia-could-be-the-answer-to-the-very-problem-it-romanticizes/) from the original on November 7, 2021 . Retrieved November 7, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-46) Jennings, Rebecca (August 24, 2021). "Are you ready for the return of prep?" (https://www.vox.com/the-goods/22638568/old-money-aesthetic-dark-academia-prep-tiktok-pinterest-instagram) . Vox . Retrieved June 6, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-47) Crawford, Amy (October 19, 2021). "Dark Academia: An emerging aesthetic sub-culture" (https://learningspaces.dundee.ac.uk/dundeeuniculture/2021/10/19/dark-academia-an-emerging-aesthetic-sub-culture/) . University of Dundee . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220705062807/https://learningspaces.dundee.ac.uk/dundeeuniculture/2021/10/19/dark-academia-an-emerging-aesthetic-sub-culture/) from the original on July 5, 2022 . Retrieved June 6, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-48) Dalby, Kevin (February 22, 2021). "UT Austin Professor Kevin Dalby Discusses Dark Academia: What Is It and How Is It Tied to COVID-19?" (https://www.kevindalby.com/blog/ut-austin-professor-kevin-dalby-discusses-dark-academia-what-is-it-and-how) . Thrive Global . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220526085958/https://www.kevindalby.com/blog/ut-austin-professor-kevin-dalby-discusses-dark-academia-what-is-it-and-how) from the original on May 26, 2022 . Retrieved June 6, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-49) Edwards, Caroline (April 24, 2020). "Dark Academia is the witchy literary aesthetic sweeping TikTok" (https://i-d.vice.com/en/article/xgqn5d/dark-academia-is-the-latest-teen-internet-trend-on-tiktok) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221126062939/https://i-d.vice.com/en/article/xgqn5d/dark-academia-is-the-latest-teen-internet-trend-on-tiktok) from the original on November 26, 2022 . Retrieved November 14, 2022 . At first glance the aesthetic does seem like one that might attract a community of rich white people, those with old money or interested in high society, but the opposite is true, as 19-year-old TikTok user @etherealacademia points out. "Unlike some other aesthetics, dark academia fashion and decor is really affordable," the college student says, noting its accessibility. They often buy their books, antiques and clothes at thrift stores for cheap prices. ^ (#cite_ref-50) " (https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2014/02/-em-dead-poets-society-em-is-a-terrible-defense-of-the-humanities/283853/) 'Dead Poets Society' is a Terrible Defense of the Humanities" (https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2014/02/-em-dead-poets-society-em-is-a-terrible-defense-of-the-humanities/283853/) . The Atlantic (/wiki/The_Atlantic) . February 19, 2014. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210902123730/https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2014/02/-em-dead-poets-society-em-is-a-terrible-defense-of-the-humanities/283853/) from the original on September 2, 2021 . Retrieved September 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-51) "A Critique of Dark Academia: The Hunt for Beauty \| Her Campus" (https://www.hercampus.com/school/u-vic/critique-dark-academia-hunt-beauty/) . www.hercampus.com . October 25, 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210725210948/https://www.hercampus.com/school/u-vic/critique-dark-academia-hunt-beauty/) from the original on July 25, 2021 . Retrieved July 28, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-52) "A Critique of Dark Academia: The Romanticization of Overwork \| Her Campus" (https://www.hercampus.com/school/u-vic/critique-dark-academia-romanticization-overwork/) . www.hercampus.com . November 3, 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210728104002/https://www.hercampus.com/school/u-vic/critique-dark-academia-romanticization-overwork/) from the original on July 28, 2021 . Retrieved July 28, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-53) "A Critique of Dark Academia: The Cultivation of Relentless Focus \| Her Campus" (https://www.hercampus.com/school/u-vic/critique-dark-academia-cultivation-relentless-focus/) . www.hercampus.com . November 9, 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210728104002/https://www.hercampus.com/school/u-vic/critique-dark-academia-cultivation-relentless-focus/) from the original on July 28, 2021 . Retrieved July 28, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-54) "The Dark Side of Dark Academia: a Critique of the Aesthetic" (https://www.theteenmagazine.com/the-dark-side-of-dark-academia-a-critique-of-the-aesthetic) . The Teen Magazine . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210616043146/https://www.theteenmagazine.com/the-dark-side-of-dark-academia-a-critique-of-the-aesthetic) from the original on June 16, 2021 . Retrieved June 22, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-55) "Tämän korona aiheutti: Nuoret ihannoivat nyt vanhaa maailmaa, sivistystä ja tyyliä – dark academia -someilmiön suosio räjähti" (https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-11779074) . May 6, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211107213551/https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-11779074) from the original on November 7, 2021 . Retrieved November 7, 2021 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f564bd77d‐qtdvm Cached time: 20240718160125 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.569 seconds Real time usage: 0.641 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2776/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 109453/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 827/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 212478/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.378/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5248877/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 568.214 1 -total 75.85% 430.973 1 Template:Reflist 65.18% 370.373 54 Template:Cite_web 17.07% 96.986 1 Template:Short_description 9.98% 56.709 2 Template:Pagetype 4.64% 26.382 4 Template:Main_other 4.18% 23.726 1 Template:SDcat 2.67% 15.191 1 Template:Use_mdy_dates 1.73% 9.854 1 Template:DMCA 1.68% 9.525 1 Template:Cite_news Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:64560636-0!canonical and timestamp 20240718160125 and revision id 1235294536. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dark_academia&oldid=1235294536 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dark_academia&oldid=1235294536) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 2010s fads and trends (/wiki/Category:2010s_fads_and_trends) 2020s fads and trends (/wiki/Category:2020s_fads_and_trends) Academic culture (/wiki/Category:Academic_culture) Fashion aesthetics (/wiki/Category:Fashion_aesthetics) Internet aesthetics (/wiki/Category:Internet_aesthetics) Internet memes (/wiki/Category:Internet_memes) Subcultures (/wiki/Category:Subcultures) Youth culture (/wiki/Category:Youth_culture) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use mdy dates from October 2023 (/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_October_2023)
NYC fashion designer and activist For the blues singer, see Bobby Bland (/wiki/Bobby_Bland) . Bob Bland Born ( 1982-12-17 ) December 17, 1982 (age 41) [1] (#cite_note-AWPC-1) Northern Virginia (/wiki/Northern_Virginia) Nationality American Alma mater Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology (/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_High_School_for_Science_and_Technology) Savannah College of Art and Design (/wiki/Savannah_College_of_Art_and_Design) Mari Lynn Foulger (born December 17, 1982), better known as Bob Bland , [2] (#cite_note-Strachan-2) is an American fashion designer and activist. Bland co-chaired the 2017 Women's March (/wiki/2017_Women%27s_March) but later resigned from the 2019 Women's March (/wiki/2019_Women%27s_March) board following accusations of antisemitism and various internal controversies. [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) She is the CEO of Manufacture New York, promoting "ethical work practices and sustainable (/wiki/Sustainability) fashion". [1] (#cite_note-AWPC-1) Early life and education [ edit ] The daughter of two public school teachers, Bland was born in 1982 in Northern Virginia (/wiki/Northern_Virginia) . [1] (#cite_note-AWPC-1) She was sewing by the time she was eight years old and put on her first show in high school, with 32 original creations marching through the cafeteria. [6] (#cite_note-6) She attended Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology (/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_High_School_for_Science_and_Technology) . [7] (#cite_note-7) She graduated from the Savannah College of Art and Design (/wiki/Savannah_College_of_Art_and_Design) with a degree in fashion design. [1] (#cite_note-AWPC-1) [8] (#cite_note-Warrington-8) Bland attended Pohick Church (/wiki/Pohick_Church) in Lorton, Virginia, and served as a youth minister at a summer youth work camp in 2005. [9] (#cite_note-Lackey-9) Fashion [ edit ] Bland worked on the design floor for Tommy Hilfiger (/wiki/Tommy_Hilfiger) and Ralph Lauren (/wiki/Ralph_Lauren) , and in parallel started her own label, Brooklyn Royalty in 2006. [1] (#cite_note-AWPC-1) [8] (#cite_note-Warrington-8) [10] (#cite_note-10) She attempted to source production locally, but faced difficulties. [11] (#cite_note-NYT201605-11) In 2014 Bland said that her line participated in four to five fashion week events since being founded. [12] (#cite_note-12) Manufacture New York and ethical fashion [ edit ] In 2012, Bland founded Manufacture New York which operates a 160,000 square foot industrial plaza in Sunset Park, Brooklyn (/wiki/Sunset_Park,_Brooklyn) named Manufacturing Innovation Hub for Apparel, Textiles and Wearable Tech (/wiki/Manufacturing_Innovation_Hub_for_Apparel,_Textiles_and_Wearable_Tech) , [11] (#cite_note-NYT201605-11) and a work hive for independent designers. Bland worked closely with congresswoman Nydia Velázquez (/wiki/Nydia_Vel%C3%A1zquez) and solicited grant money from NY city officials, [8] (#cite_note-Warrington-8) receiving grants from the U.S. Small Business Administration and the Growth Accelerator Fund, [13] (#cite_note-13) followed by a $3.5 million grant from New York City. [14] (#cite_note-14) In 2016 the organization was part of an initiative named Advanced Functional Fabrics of America (/wiki/Advanced_Functional_Fabrics_of_America) that was awarded $75M federal grant from the Department of Defense. [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) Following the 2013 Savar building collapse (/wiki/2013_Savar_building_collapse) which killed more than 1000 in Bangladesh, Bland has called for on-shoring of the apparel manufacturing industry saying that cheap fashion from off-shored manufacturing exacts a toll in lives and lack of sustainability. [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) [8] (#cite_note-Warrington-8) Women's March [ edit ] Bland was an early member of the Facebook discussions and planning with Teresa Shook (/wiki/Teresa_Shook) that would culminate in the Women's March on Washington (/wiki/2017_Women%27s_March) and associated international marches held after the inauguration (/wiki/Inauguration_of_Donald_Trump) of Donald Trump (/wiki/Donald_Trump) . [20] (#cite_note-Tablet-20) She served as the Washington National co-chair of the organization when it was incorporated. Fortune magazine named her and the other public faces of the movement in a list of 100 greatest leaders in relation to the March. [20] (#cite_note-Tablet-20) Bland originated the idea of the Women's March on Washington (/wiki/2017_Women%27s_March) and associated international marches held after the inauguration of Donald Trump. Bland tapped Linda Sarsour (/wiki/Linda_Sarsour) , Tamika Malory (/wiki/Tamika_D._Mallory) , and Carmen Perez (/wiki/Carmen_Perez) as co-chairs in order to give the march a diverse leadership team. [21] (#cite_note-21) Bland later criticized the Unite the Right rally (/wiki/Unite_the_Right_rally) in Charlottesville (/wiki/Charlottesville,_Virginia) . According to Bland, white women are complicit in white supremacy (/wiki/White_supremacy) in as much as they benefit from white privilege (/wiki/White_privilege) , and therefore should let people of color take the lead in the struggle for civil rights. [22] (#cite_note-22) Accusations of antisemitism [ edit ] In December 2018, a report by Tablet (/wiki/Tablet_(magazine)) alleged that in the first meeting between Bland and the two other leaders in the movement, Tamika Mallory (/wiki/Tamika_Mallory) and Carmen Perez (/wiki/Carmen_Perez) , Jews were blamed for the marginalization of African Americans (/wiki/African_Americans) and the slave trade (/wiki/History_of_slavery) . [23] (#cite_note-jj-23) [20] (#cite_note-Tablet-20) Bland denied that such remarks were made at that meeting. [20] (#cite_note-Tablet-20) Evvie Harmon, who was present at a later meeting between Mallory, Perez, Linda Sarsour (/wiki/Linda_Sarsour) and other key leaders in the movement (with the noted absence of Bland), stated to Tablet that Perez and Mallory made antisemitic statements toward Vanessa Wruble (/wiki/Vanessa_Wruble) at that meeting. [20] (#cite_note-Tablet-20) Wruble left the movement shortly thereafter, and claims that her Jewish ethnicity was the main reason for her being pushed out. [24] (#cite_note-NYT-24) The advocacy group Zioness Movement called the report by Tablet evidence of the "deep-seated, conspiratorial hatred of the Jewish people" among the movement's co-chairs, [23] (#cite_note-jj-23) and the Progressive Zionists of the California Democratic Party also released a statement condemning the findings in the report. [23] (#cite_note-jj-23) In 2019, Bland garnered criticism for sharing a Facebook post by Jewish activist Jesse Rabinowitz which equated anti-Islamic rhetoric from the "American Jewish establishment" with the anti-Islamic motivations of the perpetrator of the Christchurch mosque shooting (/wiki/Christchurch_mosque_shooting) . [25] (#cite_note-jta-25) Rabinowitz had written, "The same language and hate that folks spew against Sisters Linda Sarsour and Rep. Ilhan Omar killed 54 Muslim's [ sic (/wiki/Sic) ] in New Zealand. You can't stand in solidarity with the Muslim community and simultaneously disavow Muslim women for speaking their truths. American Jewish Establishment, I'm looking at you." [25] (#cite_note-jta-25) Bland apologized for the sharing, stating that while she agreed with the first sentences in the post, she considered it wrong to single out only the establishment of one community. [25] (#cite_note-jta-25) Zioness Movement condemned the post as an attack on Jews. [25] (#cite_note-jta-25) Bland, Mallory and Sarsour, have also been criticized for their ties with Nation of Islam (/wiki/Nation_of_Islam) leader Louis Farrakhan (/wiki/Louis_Farrakhan) (who is notorious for his many antisemitic comments). [26] (#cite_note-pagano-26) She faced backlash for defending Mallory who chose not to distance herself from Louis Farrakhan after attending one of his events. [26] (#cite_note-pagano-26) She, along with Mallory and Sarsour, resigned from the board of the Women's March in July 2019. [1] (#cite_note-AWPC-1) [27] (#cite_note-27) Personal life [ edit ] Bland married her high school sweetheart, Michael Foulger, in 2009. They were wed at Trinity Church on Wall Street (/wiki/Wall_Street) in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . They left the city after purchasing a historical home in West Philadelphia (/wiki/West_Philadelphia) . [28] (#cite_note-:0-28) Bland has two daughters, one born in 2011 and the other born shortly after the US election in 2016. [28] (#cite_note-:0-28) [29] (#cite_note-29) During the Women's march events in 2017, she often brought her baby girl on stage with her, had been photographed with her, and spoken on the topic of modern motherhood. She says it gives her new perspective and reason to improve the world. [30] (#cite_note-30) [31] (#cite_note-31) Honors and awards [ edit ] New York Observer Brooklyn Machers List 2015: The New Industrialist [32] (#cite_note-32) Fortune 50 World's Greatest Leaders [33] (#cite_note-33) 2017 Time 100's Most Influential People [34] (#cite_note-34) 2017 Webby Award (/wiki/Webby_Award) Social Movement of the Year [35] (#cite_note-35) Glamour Women of the Year (awarded to 24 organizers of the 2017 Women's March) [36] (#cite_note-36) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "Mari Lynn 'Bob' Bland" (https://awpc.cattcenter.iastate.edu/directory/bob-bland/) . Archives of Women's Political Communication . Carrie Chapman Catt Center for Women and Politics, Iowa State University . Retrieved October 3, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-Strachan_2-0) Strachan, J. Cherie; Poloni-Staudinger, Lori M.; Jenkins, Shannon; Ortbals, Candice D. (2019). Why Don't Women Rule the World?: Understanding Women's Civic and Political Choices . SAGE Publications. pp. 401–403 (https://books.google.com/books?id=UCiHDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA401) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-5443-1724-3 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Lang, Marissa J. "Women's March replaces three original leaders, after anti-Semitism accusations, with 16 board members" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2019/09/16/womens-march-cutting-ties-with-three-original-board-members-accused-anti-semitism/) . Washington Post . Retrieved November 28, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Three founding Women's March leaders leaving board after anti-Semitism accusations" (https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/three-founding-women-s-march-leaders-leaving-board-after-anti-n1055351) . NBC News . September 17, 2019 . Retrieved November 28, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Stockman, Farah (September 16, 2019). "Three Leaders of Women's March Group Step Down After Controversies" (https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/16/us/womens-march-anti-semitism.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved November 28, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Pasquarelli, Adrianne. "Bob Bland spices up fashion incubator" (http://www.crainsnewyork.com/article/20131208/RETAIL_APPAREL/312089976/bob-bland-spices-up-fashion-incubator) . Crain's New York Business . Retrieved December 18, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Bland, Bob. "Curriculum Vitae" (https://www.bobbland.net/resume) . Retrieved August 19, 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Warrington, Ruby (October 9, 2013). "Manufacture New York Provides Production Facilities to Independent Designers" (https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/10/fashion/manufacturer-new-york-provides-production-facilities-to-independent-designers.html?pagewanted=all) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved November 27, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-Lackey_9-0) Lackey, Angela E. (July 10, 2005). " (https://www.ourmidland.com/news/article/A-road-trip-for-Jesus-7043448.php) 'A road trip for Jesus' (https://www.ourmidland.com/news/article/A-road-trip-for-Jesus-7043448.php) " (https://www.ourmidland.com/news/article/A-road-trip-for-Jesus-7043448.php) . Midland Daily News . Midland, Mich. OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 233143952 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/233143952) . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Why the Next Big Thing in Fashion Is Happening in Brooklyn" (https://www.inc.com/tom-foster/brooklyn-wasteland-center-fashion-industry.html) . Inc.com . February 8, 2016 . Retrieved November 27, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b Friedman, Vanessa (April 30, 2016). "Brooklyn's Wearable Revolution" (https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/01/fashion/brooklyn-wearables-revolution.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved July 15, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "The Staggering Economics Behind New York Fashion Week" (https://www.racked.com/2014/8/28/7578991/fashion-week-economics) (interview with Bland), August 28, 2014, racked ^ (#cite_ref-13) Manufacture NY settles in Brooklyn, secures sole NYC SBA accelerator grant (https://technical.ly/brooklyn/2014/10/20/manufacture-ny-settles-brooklyn-secures-sole-nyc-sba-accelerator-grant/) , October 20, 2014, technical.ly ^ (#cite_ref-14) City grants $3.5M for textile making in Sunset Park: Manufacture NY (https://technical.ly/brooklyn/2014/12/05/3-5-million-sunset-park-manufacture-ny/) , technical.ly, December 5, 2014 ^ (#cite_ref-15) Friedman, Arthur (May 10, 2016). "Manufacture New York Blossoms in Brooklyn" (http://wwd.com/business-news/government-trade/manufacture-new-york-blossoms-brooklyn-10426994/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved December 18, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Manufacture NY and FIT partner to bring revolutionary textile innovation to New York (https://www.bizjournals.com/prnewswire/press_releases/2016/04/05/MN62601) , April 5, 2016, Manufacture NY and FIT press release ^ (#cite_ref-17) New training hub to focus on high-tech textiles (http://www.crainsnewyork.com/article/20160421/TECHNOLOGY/160419950/mit-fit-and-manufacture-new-york-to-bring-high-tech-textiles-to-new-york-city) , Crain's New York, April 21, 2016 ^ (#cite_ref-18) When Cheap Fashion Kills, How Do We Go Forward? (https://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2014/04/24/when_cheap_fashion_kills_how_do_we_go_forward_122389.html) , Bob Bland, Real Clear Politics, April 24, 2014 ^ (#cite_ref-19) Cheap fashion kills people... (interview with Bland) (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c5_ZzxceJXg) , RT, The Big Picture, April 30, 2014 ^ Jump up to: a b c d e McSweeney, Leah; Siegel, Jacob (December 10, 2018). "Is the Women's March Melting Down?" (https://www.tabletmag.com/jewish-news-and-politics/276694/is-the-womens-march-melting-down) . Tablet Magazine. ^ (#cite_ref-21) "How the Women's March Has United Progressives of All Stripes" (http://time.com/4641575/womens-march-washington-coalition/) . Time . Retrieved December 18, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Cooney, Samantha (December 18, 2017). "Women's March Co-President Bob Bland Says White Women Need to 'Take a Seat' After Charlottesville" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170816144502/http://motto.time.com/4900380/bob-bland-womens-march-charlottesville/) . Motto . Time. Archived from the original (http://motto.time.com/4900380/bob-bland-womens-march-charlottesville/) on August 16, 2017 . Retrieved December 18, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Zionists, Progressive CA Dem Zionists Condemn Women's March Over Anti-Semitism Report" (https://jewishjournal.com/news/nation/243419/zioness-progressive-ca-dem-zionists-condemn-womens-march-over-anti-semitism-report/) . Jewish Journal . December 12, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-NYT_24-0) Stockman, Farah (December 23, 2018). "Women's March Roiled by Accusations of Anti-Semitism" (https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/23/us/womens-march-anti-semitism.html?smid=tw-nytnational&smtyp=cur) . The New York Times . ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Women's March leader shares post linking 'American Jewish Establishment' to New Zealand mosque attacks" (https://www.jta.org/quick-reads/womens-march-leader-shares-post-blaming-american-jewish-establishment-for-new-zealand-mosque-attacks) . Jewish Telegraphic Agency . JTA. March 24, 2019 . Retrieved June 18, 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b Pagano, John-Paul (March 8, 2018). "The Women's March Has a Farrakhan Problem" (https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2018/03/womens-march/555122/) . The Atlantic . Retrieved December 16, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) Lang, Marissa J. (September 16, 2019). "Women's March replaces three original leaders, after anti-Semitism accusations, with 16 board members" (https://beta.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2019/09/16/womens-march-cutting-ties-with-three-original-board-members-accused-anti-semitism/) . The Washington Post . ^ Jump up to: a b "Brooklyn Royalty" (http://www.brooklynroyalty.com/about.htm) . www.brooklynroyalty.com . Retrieved December 18, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) The Women of the Women's March: Meet the Activists Who Are Planning One of the Largest Demonstrations in American History (https://www.wmagazine.com/story/womens-march-on-washington-activists-organizers) , W Magazine, January 19, 2017 ^ (#cite_ref-30) "Bob Bland Womens March" (http://www.mothermag.com/bob-bland-womens-march/) . MOTHER . September 1, 2017 . Retrieved December 18, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) Gann, Jen (January 21, 2017). "Here's Why a Women's March Organizer Brought Her Baby Onstage" (https://www.thecut.com/2017/01/why-a-womens-march-organizer-brought-her-baby-onstage.html) . The Cut. ^ (#cite_ref-32) "The New Brooklyn Machers: A Very Short List of Change Agents and Wavemakers" (https://observer.com/2015/05/the-new-brooklyn-machers-a-very-short-list-of-change-agents-and-wavemakers/) . New York Observer . May 13, 2015 . Retrieved December 18, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "Tamika Mallory, Linda Sarsour, Bob Bland, and Carmen Perez" (https://web.archive.org/web/20190327064618/http://fortune.com/worlds-greatest-leaders/tamika-mallory-linda-sarsour-bob-bland-and-carmen-perez-34/) . Fortune . March 23, 2017. Archived from the original (http://fortune.com/worlds-greatest-leaders/tamika-mallory-linda-sarsour-bob-bland-and-carmen-perez-34) on March 27, 2019 . Retrieved December 18, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "Tamika Mallory, Bob Bland, Carmen Perez and Linda Sarsour: The World's 100 Most Influential People" (http://time.com/collection/2017-time-100/4742711/tamika-mallory-bob-bland-carmen-perez-linda-sarsour/) . Time . Retrieved December 18, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) "Meet This Year's Webby Special Achievement Winners" (https://www.webbyawards.com/news/meet-this-years-webby-special-achievement-winners/) . The International Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences . Retrieved December 18, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-36) Afshani, Anna Holmes,Miguel Reveriego,Deborah. "How the Women's March Organizers Sparked a Movement" (https://www.glamour.com/story/women-of-the-year-2017-womens-march) . Glamour . Retrieved December 18, 2017 . {{ cite news (/wiki/Template:Cite_news) }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) ) v t e Women's March Marches 2017 (/wiki/2017_Women%27s_March) locations (/wiki/List_of_2017_Women%27s_March_locations) Lincoln (/wiki/2017_Lincoln_Nebraska_Women%27s_March) Portland (/wiki/Women%27s_March_on_Portland) Seattle (/wiki/Women%27s_March_on_Seattle) global (/wiki/List_of_2017_Women%27s_March_locations_outside_the_United_States) 2018 (/wiki/2018_Women%27s_March) locations (/wiki/List_of_2018_Women%27s_March_locations) 2019 (/wiki/2019_Women%27s_March) locations (/wiki/List_of_2019_Women%27s_March_locations) 2020 (/wiki/2020_Women%27s_March) locations (January) (/wiki/List_of_2020_Women%27s_March_locations) locations (October) (/wiki/List_of_2020_Women%27s_March_locations_(October)) 2021 (/wiki/2021_Women%27s_March) locations (/wiki/List_of_2021_Women%27s_March_locations) 2022 (/wiki/2022_abortion_rights_protests_in_the_United_States#Women's_March) locations (May) (/wiki/List_of_2022_Women%27s_March_locations) People Bob Bland Tamika Mallory (/wiki/Tamika_Mallory) Carmen Perez (/wiki/Carmen_Perez) Linda Sarsour (/wiki/Linda_Sarsour) Abby Stein (/wiki/Abby_Stein) Vanessa Wruble (/wiki/Vanessa_Wruble) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/79154380987830291759) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJyGVbmyVwQvPpj9HTF9Xd) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2018161544) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐8m5hr Cached time: 20240713045201 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.613 seconds Real time usage: 1.079 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 4374/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 62384/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1650/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 16/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 124876/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.367/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7542462/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 723.109 1 -total 35.85% 259.242 1 Template:Reflist 24.78% 179.179 1 Template:Infobox_person 16.77% 121.279 6 Template:Cite_web 13.20% 95.438 1 Template:Short_description 11.20% 80.996 19 Template:Cite_news 10.91% 78.895 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 10.89% 78.770 1 Template:Women's_March 7.53% 54.418 18 Template:Main_other 6.17% 44.622 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:52757298-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713045201 and revision id 1216352871. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bob_Bland&oldid=1216352871 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bob_Bland&oldid=1216352871) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : American fashion designers (/wiki/Category:American_fashion_designers) American women company founders (/wiki/Category:American_women_company_founders) American company founders (/wiki/Category:American_company_founders) Savannah College of Art and Design alumni (/wiki/Category:Savannah_College_of_Art_and_Design_alumni) 1982 births (/wiki/Category:1982_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Webby Award winners (/wiki/Category:Webby_Award_winners) 20th-century American women (/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_women) 21st-century American women artists (/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_women_artists) 21st-century American businesspeople (/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_businesspeople) Businesspeople from Virginia (/wiki/Category:Businesspeople_from_Virginia) Artists from Virginia (/wiki/Category:Artists_from_Virginia) Women's March (/wiki/Category:Women%27s_March) 21st-century American businesswomen (/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_businesswomen) American women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:American_women_fashion_designers) 20th-century American people (/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_people) Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology alumni (/wiki/Category:Thomas_Jefferson_High_School_for_Science_and_Technology_alumni) Hidden categories: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use mdy dates from October 2021 (/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_October_2021) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_WorldCat_Entities_identifiers) Articles with LCCN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers)
French model (1922–1963) Lucie Daouphars (1922-1963) was a French fashion model (/wiki/Model_(person)) known as Lucky , who worked extensively for Christian Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior) and Jacques Fath (/wiki/Jacques_Fath) . [1] (#cite_note-New_York_Times-1) Lucky was Dior's favourite model. [2] (#cite_note-2) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-New_York_Times_1-0) "Lucie Daouphars, Model For Dior and Fath, Dies" (https://www.nytimes.com/1963/07/18/archives/lucie-daouphars-model-for-dior-and-fath-dies.html) . New York Times . 18 July 1963 . Retrieved 22 April 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Cooke, Rachel (30 December 2018). "The big picture: dreamweaver Christian Dior at work" (https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2018/dec/30/the-big-picture-christian-dior-1955-favourite-model-lucky) . The Guardian . Retrieved 22 April 2019 – via www.theguardian.com. Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/121697735) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJw943GTRjFyJx8qRmTGpP) National Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/1049425952) This French biographical article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lucie_Daouphars&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐85f5b4c5d4‐nvlf6 Cached time: 20240713005001 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.274 seconds Real time usage: 0.361 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 415/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 12554/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 485/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 16933/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.202/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4244820/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 341.989 1 -total 30.62% 104.729 1 Template:Reflist 30.04% 102.721 1 Template:Authority_control 26.33% 90.051 2 Template:Cite_news 24.92% 85.214 1 Template:Short_description 15.29% 52.292 2 Template:Pagetype 13.59% 46.469 1 Template:France-bio-stub 12.90% 44.125 1 Template:Asbox 6.02% 20.592 3 Template:Main_other 5.46% 18.687 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:60564095-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713005001 and revision id 1144294808. Rendering was triggered because: unknown esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lucie_Daouphars&oldid=1144294808 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lucie_Daouphars&oldid=1144294808) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1922 births (/wiki/Category:1922_births) 1963 deaths (/wiki/Category:1963_deaths) French female models (/wiki/Category:French_female_models) Dior people (/wiki/Category:Dior_people) 20th-century French women (/wiki/Category:20th-century_French_women) French people stubs (/wiki/Category:French_people_stubs) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_WorldCat_Entities_identifiers) Articles with GND identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_GND_identifiers) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
French fashion designer (born 1974) Sébastien Meunier Born ( 1974-04-09 ) April 9, 1974 (age 50) Versailles (/wiki/Versailles,_Yvelines) , France (/wiki/France) Nationality French Alma mater ESMOD (/wiki/ESMOD) Occupation Fashion Designer (/wiki/Fashion_Designer) Employer(s) Maison Margiela (/wiki/Maison_Margiela) , Ann Demeulemeester (/wiki/Ann_Demeulemeester) Awards 1st Fashion Prize, 1998, Festival international de mode et de photographie (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Festival_international_de_mode_et_de_photographie) Sébastien Meunier is a French fashion designer. He was the creative director of Ann Demeulemeester (/wiki/Ann_Demeulemeester) 's label from 2010 until 2020. Biography [ edit ] Sébastien Meunier was born in Versailles (/wiki/Versailles,_Yvelines) in 1974. He graduated from ESMOD (/wiki/ESMOD) , the Paris-based fashion school, in 1997. The next year, he presented his first collection at the Festival international de mode et de photographie (/w/index.php?title=Festival_international_de_mode_et_de_photographie&action=edit&redlink=1) [ fr (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Festival_international_de_mode_et_de_photographie) ] in Hyères (/wiki/Hy%C3%A8res) . The collection, that drew inspiration from fetichism and body transformations, was awarded with the first fashion prize from the jury presided by Martine Sitbon (/wiki/Martine_Sitbon) , Hussein Chalayan (/wiki/Hussein_Chalayan) and Jean Colonna - the later offering him immediately his first position. Sébastien Meunier assisted Jean Colonna until he decided to launch his own menswear label in 1999. Through his eponymous brand, highly autobiographical, Sébastien Meunier would explore for 7 years new fields of masculinity, questioning identities and his own individuality and would eventually become a precursor of the hyper-sexualization of the male body in fashion. [1] (#cite_note-1) As early as 2000, Sébastien Meunier's work caught the attention of Martin Margiela (/wiki/Martin_Margiela) , inaugurating a decade-long collaboration with the revered designer, first as head of design for MM6 , then as creative director for all men's lines of Maison Margiela (/wiki/Maison_Margiela) . [2] (#cite_note-2) Ann Demeulemeester (/wiki/Ann_Demeulemeester) asked him to join her in Antwerp in 2010 to look after her menswear collections, cementing Sébastien Meunier's affinity with Belgian fashion. [3] (#cite_note-3) Following her decision to retire from the fashion industry in 2013, the Belgian designer chose him as her successor at the helm of the brand she founded in 1985. While staying true to the DNA of the Nineties romantic designer, Sébastien Meunier made the brand evolve toward a more inclusive, gender(s) free(d) aesthetic, reaching a fresh audience. In July 2020, Sébastien Meunier left the company shortly before the relocation of the brand in Italy. [4] (#cite_note-4) In parallel to his designer's work, Sébastien Meunier is particularly interested in the arts of performance, having staged or participated to several performances throughout his career, including EAT (°2008) which he co-created with the late choreographer Alain Buffard (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alain_Buffard) and is now part of the collection of the Centre Pompidou (/wiki/Centre_Pompidou) . [5] (#cite_note-5) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Sébastien Meunier on His 2005 "Homme-Sandwich" Collection and How Menswear Is Changing" (https://www.vogue.com/article/sebastien-meunier-on-his-fall-2005-homme-sandwich-collection-and-changes-in-menswear) . Vogue . January 15, 2021 . Retrieved January 15, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Martin Margiela Influences Young Designers" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/martin-margiela-influences-young-designers-10108245/) . WWD . April 13, 2015 . Retrieved April 13, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Man Oh Man" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/religious-studies-a-little-gossip-at-coty-man-oh-man-3373832/) . WWD . July 2, 2021 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Sébastien Meunier Exits Ann Demeulemeester" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/designer-luxury/sebastien-meunier-exits-ann-demeulemeester-1203665388/) . WWD . July 2, 2021 . Retrieved July 2, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Alain Buffard, trouble(s) dans le corps" (https://www.centrepompidou.fr/en/magazine/article/alain-buffard-troubles-dans-le-corps) . Centre Pompidou . April 7, 2021 . Retrieved April 7, 2021 . "Sébastien Meunier, l’Anvers d’un styliste français" (http://www.telerama.fr/scenes/sebastien-meunier-l-anvers-d-un-styliste-francais,148130.php) . Télérama. Published on October 6, 2016. "The fearless Parisian designer reinventing Ann Demeulemeester" (http://www.buro247.com.au/fashion/insiders/the-fearless-parisian-designer-reinventing-ann-dem.html) . Büro 24/7. Published on February 21, 2016. "Sébastien Meunier, haute fidélité" (http://www.lemonde.fr/m-mode-l-invite/article/2015/05/08/sebastien-meunier-haute-fidelite_4630203_4497365.html) . Le Monde. Published on May 8, 2015. "Martin Margiela Influences Young Designers" (http://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/martin-margiela-influences-young-designers-10108245/) . WWD. Published on April 13, 2015. "Qui est Sébastien Meunier, nouveau directeur artistique d'Ann Demeulemeester?" (http://www.lexpress.fr/styles/createurs/qui-est-sebastien-meunier-nouveau-directeur-artistique-d-ann-demeulemeester_1615264.html) . L'Express Styles. Published on October 27, 2014. "Interview post-show avec Sébastien Meunier au défilé Ann Demeulemeester" (http://www.vogue.fr/video/carte-postale/videos/fwpe2015-interview-post-show-avec-sbastien-meunier-au-dfil-ann-demeulemeester/6412) . Vogue.fr. Published on September 26, 2014. "L'après Ann Demeulemeester par Sébastien Meunier" (http://weekend.levif.be/lifestyle/mode/l-apres-ann-demeulemeester-par-sebastien-meunier/article-normal-349765.html) . Le Vif Weekend. Published on September 12, 2014. " MAN OH MAN: Ann Demeulemeester (http://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/religious-studies-a-little-gossip-at-coty-man-oh-man-3373832/) ". WWD. Published on November 5, 2010. External links [ edit ] Ann Demeulemeester Official Site (https://www.anndemeulemeester.com/page/biography) Ann Demeulemeester coverage on Vogue Runway (http://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/spring-2017-ready-to-wear/ann-demeulemeester#all-seasons) Villa Noailles Official Site (http://www.villanoailles-hyeres.com/en/concours) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐65687cfdb7‐82wfk Cached time: 20240623120920 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.305 seconds Real time usage: 0.515 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1939/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 14444/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1752/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 20361/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.187/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5761048/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 495.520 1 -total 52.31% 259.188 1 Template:Infobox_person 30.61% 151.674 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 28.63% 141.892 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age 23.45% 116.178 1 Template:Reflist 20.15% 99.847 5 Template:Cite_web 18.04% 89.405 1 Template:Short_description 11.07% 54.865 18 Template:Main_other 7.87% 38.981 2 Template:Pagetype 7.55% 37.420 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:52642861-0!canonical and timestamp 20240623120920 and revision id 1222540382. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sébastien_Meunier&oldid=1222540382 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sébastien_Meunier&oldid=1222540382) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1974 births (/wiki/Category:1974_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) French fashion designers (/wiki/Category:French_fashion_designers) People from Versailles (/wiki/Category:People_from_Versailles) High fashion brands (/wiki/Category:High_fashion_brands) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Pages using infobox person with multiple employers (/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_person_with_multiple_employers) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards)
Baseball cap model by New Era Cap Company 59Fifty A Los Angeles Dodgers (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Dodgers) 59Fifty cap Type Baseball cap (/wiki/Baseball_cap) Inventor Harold Koch Inception 1954 Manufacturer New Era Cap Company (/wiki/New_Era_Cap_Company) Website Official New Era website (http://www.neweracap.com) The 59FIFTY is a model of baseball cap (/wiki/Baseball_cap) made by the New Era Cap Company (/wiki/New_Era_Cap_Company) , a headwear company based in Buffalo, New York (/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York) . [1] (#cite_note-1) The 59Fifty is the official on-field cap of Major League Baseball (/wiki/Major_League_Baseball) (MLB) [2] (#cite_note-ba-2) and Minor League Baseball (/wiki/Minor_League_Baseball) , and the official sideline cap of the National Football League (/wiki/National_Football_League) and the National Basketball Association (/wiki/National_Basketball_Association) . [ citation needed ] It is also a fashion symbol, with the hip-hop community the first to adopt it in the 1980s and 1990s. [3] (#cite_note-shift-3) [4] (#cite_note-clair-4) History [ edit ] The 59FIFTY's wool predecessor debuted in 1934 at a Cleveland Indians (/wiki/Cleveland_Guardians) game and the 59FIFTY itself came out in 1954. [3] (#cite_note-shift-3) [2] (#cite_note-ba-2) [4] (#cite_note-clair-4) Harold Koch, son of New Era founder Ehrhardt Koch (/wiki/Ehrhardt_Koch) , created the 59FIFTY to make hats more uniform within MLB. [5] (#cite_note-inside-5) Sources vary on the meaning of its name: it might be the cap's original catalogue number, 5950; [6] (#cite_note-google-6) its model number; [5] (#cite_note-inside-5) or the roll of fabric Koch used while producing the original design. [7] (#cite_note-cave-7) [8] (#cite_note-heaven-8) By the 1970s, the 59FIFTY was being worn by 20 of the 24 MLB teams and became available to the public in the mid-1980s. [3] (#cite_note-shift-3) [2] (#cite_note-ba-2) [6] (#cite_note-google-6) The Cincinnati Reds (/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds) became the first team to receive memorial caps following their 1990 World Series (/wiki/1990_World_Series) win. [5] (#cite_note-inside-5) Hats from the losing team are taken apart and recycled following the game. [5] (#cite_note-inside-5) The 59FIFTY became the official on-field cap in 1993. [2] (#cite_note-ba-2) [6] (#cite_note-google-6) Early popularity [ edit ] During the 1980s, Tom Selleck (/wiki/Tom_Selleck) popularized the 59FIFTY when he wore a Detroit Tigers (/wiki/Detroit_Tigers) cap in Magnum P.I. (/wiki/Magnum_P.I.) . [4] (#cite_note-clair-4) [9] (#cite_note-heddles-9) Its first major craze came in 1996, when film director Spike Lee (/wiki/Spike_Lee) requested a custom red New York Yankees (/wiki/New_York_Yankees) cap to wear to the third game of the World Series (/wiki/1996_World_Series) . [3] (#cite_note-shift-3) [5] (#cite_note-inside-5) [10] (#cite_note-three-10) New Era's contract with the team stipulated that only blue caps could be produced, but the owner worked with MLB to make an exception. [5] (#cite_note-inside-5) Lee was photographed at the game and requests for custom orders increased substantially. [3] (#cite_note-shift-3) [5] (#cite_note-inside-5) [4] (#cite_note-clair-4) Several years later, Fred Durst (/wiki/Fred_Durst) repopularized the red Yankees hat. [5] (#cite_note-inside-5) Design [ edit ] The first 59FIFTY design had a flat visor, with eight rows of stitching, ventilating eyelet holes, and a high rise crown. [2] (#cite_note-ba-2) [9] (#cite_note-heddles-9) Koch added a buckram (/wiki/Buckram) on the inside of the cap to keep the logo centered and pointed forward. [5] (#cite_note-inside-5) This design only underwent minor tweaks until the 1980s, when lighter wool, sweats, and beading were used to make the logos look cleaner, and the stitching was raised. [5] (#cite_note-inside-5) Teams could also choose different colored fabrics for the under-visor rather than the traditional green, which was used "because it was believed the color helped the reflection of the sun off the turf, meaning there was less stress on a player’s eyes." [5] (#cite_note-inside-5) It wasn't until 1990 that a team made this change, with the Cincinnati Reds changing their under-visor color to gray. The team wound up popularizing the gray under-visor because they won the World Series (/wiki/1990_World_Series) the same season they made the change. [5] (#cite_note-inside-5) By 1995, all MLB teams were using gray fabric on their under-visors. [ citation needed ] Beginning in the late 1990s, teams began to experiment with black fabric under the visors to help with the sun's glare, [4] (#cite_note-clair-4) and black sweatbands to make them appear less sweat-stained [ citation needed ] and by 2007, black under-visor fabric became the norm along with black sweatbands (/wiki/Headband#Utilitarian_uses) . [11] (#cite_note-11) In 2016, the New Era flag logo was added to the bottom left side of the cap. [12] (#cite_note-12) There are two styles of the 59FIFTY: the original, which has a flat visor and a tall profile, and the low-profile, which has a pre-curved visor and a rounded profile. [13] (#cite_note-13) [2] (#cite_note-ba-2) Earlier versions of the 59FIFTY were made with 100% wool but eventually switched to polyester, which includes sweat-wicking fabric and sun protection. [2] (#cite_note-ba-2) [5] (#cite_note-inside-5) 59FIFTYs are fitted and do not have an adjustment strap like many other designs, such as the snapback (/wiki/Baseball_cap#Design##Variations) . [5] (#cite_note-inside-5) [14] (#cite_note-elle-14) In 1992, the MLB logo was added to the back of every cap and in 1996, the World Series logo was added to the right side of the hat. [ citation needed ] Commemorative and special edition side patches appear on some caps and are also sold separately. [2] (#cite_note-ba-2) As of 2017, the caps were still being made partially by hand. [2] (#cite_note-ba-2) [5] (#cite_note-inside-5) Cultural impact [ edit ] Collaborators include BTS (/wiki/BTS) , Fear of God (/wiki/Jerry_Lorenzo) , Takashi Murakami (/wiki/Takashi_Murakami) , Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) , MTV (/wiki/MTV) , and Chance the Rapper (/wiki/Chance_the_Rapper) . [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-rivera-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) New Era recognizes May 9 as 59FIFTY day. [14] (#cite_note-elle-14) [21] (#cite_note-21) Fashion [ edit ] In the 1980s and 1990s, the hip-hop community (/wiki/Hip_hop_fashion#Late_1980s_to_early_1990s) began wearing the 59FIFTY as a fashion statement. [3] (#cite_note-shift-3) [4] (#cite_note-clair-4) Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) , Eazy-E (/wiki/Eazy-E) , Dr. Dre (/wiki/Dr._Dre) , Beastie Boys (/wiki/Beastie_Boys) , and Aaliyah (/wiki/Aaliyah) were among those who popularized it. [3] (#cite_note-shift-3) [9] (#cite_note-heddles-9) New Era's CEO credits Spike Lee with bringing the 59FIFTY into the fashion world, which later fed into streetwear (/wiki/Streetwear) . [8] (#cite_note-heaven-8) [22] (#cite_note-esquire-22) Part of why the cap became a fashion icon is because it represented pride in one's city. [3] (#cite_note-shift-3) The cap is also called Brooklyn style due to New Era's connection to New York and the borough's hip-hop scene. [6] (#cite_note-google-6) Leaving the gold size sticker on the visor became a fashion trend, enough that New Era added that they do not offer replacement stickers to the FAQ on their website. [17] (#cite_note-rivera-17) [14] (#cite_note-elle-14) In 2017, Paola Antonelli (/wiki/Paola_Antonelli) included a replica of Spike Lee's red Yankees cap in her "Items: Is Fashion Modern?" exhibit at the Museum of Modern Art (/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art) in New York. [23] (#cite_note-nylon-23) The exhibit featured 111 cultural icons that majorly impacted the world of fashion. [3] (#cite_note-shift-3) [23] (#cite_note-nylon-23) [10] (#cite_note-three-10) [22] (#cite_note-esquire-22) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "NEW ERA CAP LAUNCHES SUPER BOWL LVI COLLECTION" (https://mr-mag.com/new-era-cap-launches-super-bowl-lvi-collection-%EF%BF%BC/) . MR Magazine. 2022-02-15 . Retrieved 2022-05-13 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Newcomb, Tim (2017-09-27). "The Historic Reach of New Era's Authentic Collection Cap" (https://www.baseballamerica.com/stories/the-historic-reach-of-new-era-s-authentic-collection-cap/) . Baseball America . Retrieved 2022-05-12 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Nickerson, Parker (n.d.). "The Cultural Significance of the 59FIFTY" (https://www.originalshift.co.uk/articles/the-cultural-significance-of-the-59fiftytps/wwworiginalshiftcouk/news-page-url/new-post-title) . Original Shift . Retrieved 2022-05-12 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Clair, Michael (9 May 2023). "The history of the baseball cap: The long, strange history of the baseball cap" (https://www.mlb.com/news/featured/baseball-cap-history-and-timeline) . MLB.com . Major League Baseball . Retrieved 24 June 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Bleier, Evan (2020-01-16). "New Era's Brand Historian Walks Us Through the 100-Year Evolution of the Baseball Cap" (https://www.insidehook.com/article/style/100-years-new-era-baseball-cap-evolution) . Inside Hook . Retrieved 2022-05-12 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Lilliefors, Jim. Ball Cap Nation: A Journey Through the World of America's National Hat . p. 68. ^ (#cite_ref-cave_7-0) "What's the Difference? New Era 59Fifty vs 9Fifty caps" (https://dacavestore.com/dacave-store-2/whats-the-difference-new-era-59fifty-vs-9fifty-caps/) . Da'Cave Store. 2020-04-03 . Retrieved 2022-05-12 . ^ Jump up to: a b "What You Need to Know about the 59FIFTY Silhouette" (https://hatheaven.com/blogs/news/what-you-need-to-know-about-the-59fifty-silhouette) . Hat Heaven. 2019-06-05 . Retrieved 2022-05-12 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Smith, James (2018-05-03). "A Brief History of the Ballcap" (https://www.heddels.com/2018/05/a-brief-history-of-the-ballcap) . Heddles . Retrieved 2022-05-12 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Is Fashion Modern?" (https://daniellaondesign.com/blog/is-fashion-modern/) . Daniella on Design. 2017-09-24 . Retrieved 2022-05-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Newman, Mark (2007-03-14). "MLB celebrates new official cap" (https://web.archive.org/web/20131029203413/http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20070221&content_id=1811081&vkey=news_mlb&fext=.jsp&cid=mlb) . MLB.com . Archived from the original (http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20070221&content_id=1811081&vkey=news_mlb&fext=.jsp&cid=mlb) on 2013-10-29 . Retrieved 2020-03-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Brady, Erik (2016-10-04). "New Era keeps players' heads, company's hearts in game" (https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/mlb/2016/10/04/new-era-cap-company-major-league-baseball-playoffs-world-series/91475046/) . USA Today . Retrieved 2020-03-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Tetzlaff, Trent (2016-10-29). "Extraordinary Lids: A breakdown of the six different New Era caps" (https://blog.eastbay.com/sports/baseball/extraordinary-lids-breakdown-six-different-new-era-caps/) . EastBay . Retrieved 2022-05-12 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Yuan, Geng (2022). "New Era无帽不型，诠释CapHead帽子文化——59FIFTY DAY「帽」险时代，延续经典热爱" (https://www.ellechina.com/fashion/news/a39961203/new-era-caphead-59fifty-day/) (in Chinese). Elle China . Retrieved 2022-05-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Neely, Jaime (2011-05-26). "Marc Jacobs and New Era Team Up to Create the N59FIFTY Fitted" (https://www.trendhunter.com/trends/59fifty) . TrendHunter . Retrieved 2022-05-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Alexis, Nadeska (2012-12-22). "NEW ERA ROLLS OUT 'YO! MTV RAPS' SNAPBACKS AND FITTED CAPS" (https://web.archive.org/web/20220514190635/https://www.mtv.com/news/2500002/new-era-yo-mtv-raps-snapbacks-and-fitted-caps/) . MTV. Archived from the original (https://www.mtv.com/news/2500002/new-era-yo-mtv-raps-snapbacks-and-fitted-caps/) on May 14, 2022 . Retrieved 2022-05-12 . ^ Jump up to: a b Rivera, Dane (2020-03-04). "Streetwear 2020: Is Leaving The Sticker On Your Hat Still Cool? What About Bending The Bill?" (https://uproxx.com/style/leaving-sticker-on-baseball-cap-2020/) . UpRoxx . Retrieved 2022-05-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Silbert, Jake (2021). "MORE THAN MERE CAPS, FEAR OF GOD X NEW ERA IS MLB HERITAGE" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/fear-of-god-new-era-essential-59fifty/) . HighSnobiety . Retrieved 2022-05-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Samaha, Barry (2022-02-25). "Clarks Reps for Jamaica, and More of This Week's Best Menswear Releases" (https://www.esquire.com/style/mens-fashion/g39228913/best-menswear-february-25-2022/) . Esquire . Retrieved 2022-05-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Ong, Jasmine (2020-07-22). "The BTS x New Era Collection Features An Exclusively Designed 59FIFTY Cap" (https://www.nylon.com.sg/2020/07/the-bts-x-new-era-collection-features-an-exclusively-designed-59fifty-cap/) . Nylon Singapore . Retrieved 2022-05-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Davenport, Laura (2022-05-05). "CELEBRATE 59FIFTY DAY WITH NEW ERA'S MLB LOGO HISTORY SERIES" (https://www.ycmc.com/blogs/news/celebrate-59fifty-day-the-new-era-mlb-logo-history-series-59fifty-fitted) . YCMC . Retrieved 2022-05-12 . ^ Jump up to: a b Flammia, Christine (2017-12-11). "How the Yankees Cap Became a Cultural Icon" (https://www.esquire.com/style/mens-fashion/a13953190/yankees-cap-hat-history-new-era-moma/) . Esquire . Retrieved 2022-05-12 . ^ Jump up to: a b "THE NEW MOMA FASHION EXHIBIT ISN'T AFRAID TO GET POLITICAL" (https://www.nylon.com/articles/moma-items-is-fashion-modern-exhibit) . Nylon. n.d . Retrieved 2022-05-12 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.canary‐6ffd65f7b4‐qlgnt Cached time: 20240713190959 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.397 seconds Real time usage: 0.489 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2531/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 51665/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3107/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 93707/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.240/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6431566/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 441.563 1 -total 50.19% 221.639 1 Template:Reflist 38.64% 170.630 20 Template:Cite_web 15.69% 69.295 1 Template:Short_description 14.16% 62.541 1 Template:Infobox_product 13.39% 59.144 4 Template:Citation_needed 13.34% 58.897 1 Template:Infobox 11.16% 49.295 4 Template:Fix 8.92% 39.372 2 Template:Pagetype 6.44% 28.454 8 Template:Category_handler Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:19964347-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713190959 and revision id 1231329149. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=59Fifty&oldid=1231329149 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=59Fifty&oldid=1231329149) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Caps (/wiki/Category:Caps) New Era Cap Company (/wiki/Category:New_Era_Cap_Company) Hip hop fashion (/wiki/Category:Hip_hop_fashion) Hidden categories: CS1 Chinese-language sources (zh) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Chinese-language_sources_(zh)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from May 2022 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_May_2022)
Dress consisting of the Union Jack worn by Geri Halliwell Union Jack dress Designer Gucci (/wiki/Gucci) and Geri Halliwell Year 1997 Type Union Jack Gucci mini dress The Union Jack dress is an item of clothing worn by singer Geri Halliwell (/wiki/Geri_Halliwell) of the Spice Girls (/wiki/Spice_Girls) at the 1997 Brit Awards (/wiki/1997_Brit_Awards) . The mini dress (/wiki/Mini_dress) featured a flag of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom) , the Union Jack (/wiki/Union_Jack) , on the front, and a white CND symbol (/wiki/Campaign_for_Nuclear_Disarmament) emblazoned on the black-coloured back of the dress. The next day the images of the dress made the front page of various newspapers around the world, and is now remembered as one of the most iconic pop moments of the 1990s and Brit Awards (/wiki/Brit_Awards) history. [1] (#cite_note-smith-1) The dress has become synonymous with the Spice Girls, Halliwell and the notions of Girl Power (/wiki/Girl_Power) and Cool Britannia (/wiki/Cool_Britannia) . [2] (#cite_note-2) In 2010, The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) reported that the dress came top in an online poll to find the 10 most iconic dresses of the past 50 years, beating other memorable garments such as Marilyn Monroe's white 'Seven Year Itch' halterneck (/wiki/White_dress_of_Marilyn_Monroe) . [3] (#cite_note-3) In 2016, the dress was voted the "Most Inspiring British Fashion Moment" in an online poll conducted by British online retailer Very (/wiki/Very_(online_retailer)) . [4] (#cite_note-4) At the 2010 Brit Awards (/wiki/2010_Brit_Awards) , the Spice Girls performance that featured the Union Jack dress won Most Memorable Performance of 30 Years. [5] (#cite_note-5) The dress held the Guinness World Record (/wiki/Guinness_World_Record) for the most expensive piece of popstar clothing sold at an auction. [6] (#cite_note-autogenerated1-6) Background and history [ edit ] I've always tried to put my finger to the wind and feel whats going on right now, and if I feel it then you'll feel it and we'll connect it. So I thought, [it's] The Brits, why not a British flag? –Halliwell in an interview with Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) [7] (#cite_note-7) Sign of the Hard Rock Cafe Las Vegas (/wiki/Hard_Rock_Cafe_Las_Vegas) , where the dress is displayed. The Spice Girls were scheduled to open the 1997 Brit Awards (/wiki/1997_Brit_Awards) , where they were also nominated for five awards. [8] (#cite_note-brits97-8) The black Gucci (/wiki/Gucci) minidress (/wiki/Minidress) that Halliwell was given to perform in concerned her as she thought it was too "boring". [9] (#cite_note-Monsters_and_critics-9) Halliwell decided she wanted to "celebrate being British" and asked her sister, Natalie, to stitch a Union Jack tea towel (/wiki/Tea_towel) onto the front of the black dress as a patriotic gesture. [9] (#cite_note-Monsters_and_critics-9) To avoid being associated with the National Front (/wiki/National_Front_(UK)) , Halliwell also had the CND peace symbol (/wiki/Peace_symbols) stitched onto the back of the dress. [1] (#cite_note-smith-1) Halliwell wore the finished dress whilst performing a medley of " Wannabe (/wiki/Wannabe_(song)) " and " Who Do You Think You Are (/wiki/Who_Do_You_Think_You_Are_(Spice_Girls_song)) " at the Brit Awards on 24 February 1997. [10] (#cite_note-10) The group also won two awards that evening. [8] (#cite_note-brits97-8) Sale [ edit ] In 1998, a year after Halliwell performed in the dress, she auctioned it off at the London branch of Sotheby's (/wiki/Sotheby%27s) for £41,320. [11] (#cite_note-Hard_Rock-11) The buyer was Peter Morton, on behalf of the Hard Rock Hotel and Casino (/wiki/Hard_Rock_Hotel_and_Casino_(Las_Vegas)) , Las Vegas (/wiki/Las_Vegas_Valley) , who displayed the piece of clothing as pop memorabilia. [11] (#cite_note-Hard_Rock-11) Morton bid via telephone, and beat other bidders such as The Sun (/wiki/The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)) . [12] (#cite_note-BBC-12) Halliwell herself watched the "frenzied bid", [13] (#cite_note-MTV-13) [12] (#cite_note-BBC-12) and rapped the gavel (/wiki/Gavel) after the final bid. [13] (#cite_note-MTV-13) The dress was originally valued at £12,000, but the winning bid was £36,200 (£41,320 including 15% commission). [13] (#cite_note-MTV-13) Halliwell gave the proceeds of the dress sale to a children's cancer care charity. [13] (#cite_note-MTV-13) The BBC (/wiki/BBC) commented on the sale, saying it "marks the end of Geri's links with the Girl Power image of the past". [12] (#cite_note-BBC-12) It held the Guinness World Record for the most expensive piece of popstar clothing dealt at auction. [6] (#cite_note-autogenerated1-6) The dress was one of many items of Spice Girls memorabilia sold at the auction, where total sales reached £146,511 for charity. [12] (#cite_note-BBC-12) The auction, with Halliwell auctioning off the Union Jack dress as the final lot, can be seen in the documentary Geri by Molly Dineen (/wiki/Molly_Dineen) . 2007 remake [ edit ] For the 2007 Spice Girls reunion tour, named the Return of the Spice Girls (/wiki/Return_of_the_Spice_Girls) , fashion designer Roberto Cavalli (/wiki/Roberto_Cavalli) designed Halliwell a new Union Jack dress modelled on the original. [14] (#cite_note-Cavalli-14) The new version appeared slightly longer and the flag was made out of rhinestones (/wiki/Rhinestones) and Swarovski crystals (/wiki/Swarovski_crystals) . [14] (#cite_note-Cavalli-14) Various media outlets reported that Halliwell had attempted to buy back the original dress before their world tour. [15] (#cite_note-15) Halliwell later said that she "liked" the new dress and that she had decided to keep it as memorabilia. [16] (#cite_note-16) 2012 clothing range [ edit ] In 2012, Halliwell designed a clothing range based upon the dress. [17] (#cite_note-17) 2019 version [ edit ] For the Spice World – 2019 Tour (/wiki/Spice_World_%E2%80%93_2019_Tour) , Halliwell wore a redesigned floor-length Union Jack dress that featured royal designs on the red stripes and also wore a crown with the dress. [18] (#cite_note-18) Gallery [ edit ] Halliwell wearing the Union Jack dress remake in 2007 during the Return of the Spice Girls Tour (/wiki/The_Return_of_the_Spice_Girls_Tour) Halliwell wearing a floor length Union Jack dress during the Spice World – 2019 Tour (/wiki/Spice_World_%E2%80%93_2019_Tour) The original Union Jack dress as displayed at Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Las Vegas (/wiki/Hard_Rock_Hotel_%26_Casino_Las_Vegas) An attendee at Manchester Pride (/wiki/Manchester_Pride) wearing a replica of the Union Jack dress An attendee at Brighton Pride (/wiki/Brighton_Pride) wearing a replica of the Union Jack dress Fans dressed up as the Spice Girls, including a replica of the Union Jack dress See also [ edit ] List of individual dresses (/wiki/List_of_individual_dresses) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Smith, Sean (2019). Spice Girls: The Story of the World's Greatest Girl Band . HarperCollins (/wiki/HarperCollins) . pp. 139–140. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-00-826756-8 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Geri revisits Spice Girls' heyday in Union Jack dress" (https://archive.today/20150203140426/http://us.hellomagazine.com/celebrities/201202027142/geri-halliwell-launches-new-union-jack-range/) . HELLO! . 2 February 2012. Archived from the original (https://www.hellomagazine.com/celebrities/201202027142/geri-halliwell-launches-new-union-jack-range/) on 3 February 2015 . Retrieved 3 October 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Alexander, Hilary (19 May 2010). "Online poll announces the top ten most iconic dresses of the past fifty years – Telegraph" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/article/TMG7740201/Online-poll-announces-the-top-ten-most-iconic-dresses-of-the-past-fifty-years.html) . fashion.telegraph.co.uk . Retrieved 6 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "This Spice Girls Outfit Tops List of the Most Inspiring British Fashion Moments" (http://footwearnews.com/2016/fashion/celebrity-style/ginger-spice-union-jack-dress-boots-brit-awards-266102/) . Footwear News . 6 October 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Amy de Klerk (22 February 2017). "It has been 20 years since Geri Halliwell wore the Union Jack dress" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/fashion/fashion-news/news/a40047/story-of-geri-halliwell-union-jack-brits-dress/) . Harper's Bazaar . ^ Jump up to: a b Bruce DeMara (27 February 2008). "Spice Girls end tour in Toronto" (https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/article/307368) . thestar.com . Retrieved 6 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Ginger Spice on the Story Behind Her Iconic Union Jack Dress" (https://www.vogue.com/article/ginger-spice-union-jack-dress-story) . Vogue . 19 March 2020 . Retrieved 9 November 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "The Brits 1997" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120813211621/http://www.brits.co.uk/history/shows/1997) . Brit Awards (/wiki/Brit_Awards) . Archived from the original (https://www.brits.co.uk/history/shows/1997) on 13 August 2012 . Retrieved 29 March 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b Sophie Eager (1 April 2010). "Geri Halliwell's infamous Union Jack dress was tea towel" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100405074614/http://www.monstersandcritics.com/people/news/article_1545189.php/Geri-Halliwell-s-infamous-Union-Jack-dress-was-tea-towel) . Monsters and Critics. Archived from the original (http://www.monstersandcritics.com/people/news/article_1545189.php/Geri-Halliwell-s-infamous-Union-Jack-dress-was-tea-towel) on 5 April 2010 . Retrieved 21 May 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "It has been 20 years since Geri Halliwell wore the Union Jack dress" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/fashion/fashion-news/news/a40047/story-of-geri-halliwell-union-jack-brits-dress/) . Harper’s Bazaar . Retrieved 25 September 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b Barnes, Anthony (21 January 2010). "Geri Halliwell auctions her famous Union Jack dress" (https://web.archive.org/web/20121107193049/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/spice-girls-to-get-the-mamma-mia-treatment-1874980.html?action=Popup&ino=10) . The Independent (/wiki/The_Independent) . London. Archived from the original (https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/spice-girls-to-get-the-mamma-mia-treatment-1874980.html?action=Popup&ino=10) on 7 November 2012 . Retrieved 21 May 2010 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Entertainment \| Ginger Spice sells out" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/172717.stm) . BBC News. 16 September 1998 . Retrieved 6 April 2012 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d "News – Articles – 1429897" (https://web.archive.org/web/20080706173525/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1429897/19980916/halliwell_geri.jhtml) . Mtv.com. 16 September 1998. Archived from the original (http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1429897/19980916/halliwell_geri.jhtml) on 6 July 2008 . Retrieved 6 April 2012 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Recycled Spice! Geri brings back the Union Jack as 'Golden Girls' kick off world tour" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110606101252/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/showbiz/article-23425283-recycled-spice-geri-brings-back-the-union-jack-as-golden-girls-kick-off-world-tour.do) . London Evening Standard (/wiki/London_Evening_Standard) . 7 December 2007. Archived from the original (http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/showbiz/article-23425283-recycled-spice-geri-brings-back-the-union-jack-as-golden-girls-kick-off-world-tour.do) on 6 June 2011 . Retrieved 21 May 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Geri Halliwell's Union Jack dress (1997) – Notorious BRIT Awards moments – Pictures – Music" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160304115125/http://www.virginmedia.com/music/brits2008/notorious-brits-moments.php?ssid=4) . Virgin Media. Archived from the original (http://www.virginmedia.com/music/brits2008/notorious-brits-moments.php?ssid=4) on 4 March 2016 . Retrieved 6 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Geri: 'I looked like a drag queen' (http://www.metro.co.uk/showbiz/interviews/147504-geri-i-looked-like-a-drag-queen) " (http://www.metro.co.uk/showbiz/interviews/147504-geri-i-looked-like-a-drag-queen) . metro.co.uk. 13 May 2008 . Retrieved 6 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Geri revisits Spice Girls' heyday in Union Jack dress" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180521022024/https://ca.hellomagazine.com/celebrities/201202027142/geri-halliwell-launches-new-union-jack-range/) . Hello Magazine . 2 February 2012. Archived from the original (https://ca.hellomagazine.com/celebrities/201202027142/geri-halliwell-launches-new-union-jack-range/) on 21 May 2018 . Retrieved 20 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Spice Girls first review: Geri Horner pays homage to THAT Union Jack dress as they return to stage" (https://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/spice-girls-first-night-review-16197284) . mirror.co.uk. 24 May 2019 . Retrieved 20 June 2019 . External links [ edit ] Media related to Union Jack dress (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Union_Jack_dress) at Wikimedia Commons v t e Spice Girls (/wiki/Spice_Girls) Mel B (/wiki/Mel_B) Emma Bunton (/wiki/Emma_Bunton) Melanie C (/wiki/Melanie_C) Geri Halliwell (/wiki/Geri_Halliwell) Victoria Beckham (/wiki/Victoria_Beckham) Studio albums Spice (/wiki/Spice_(album)) Spiceworld (/wiki/Spiceworld_(album)) Forever (/wiki/Forever_(Spice_Girls_album)) Compilation album Greatest Hits (/wiki/Greatest_Hits_(Spice_Girls_album)) Video albums One Hour of Girl Power (/wiki/One_Hour_of_Girl_Power) Girl Power! Live in Istanbul (/wiki/Girl_Power!_Live_in_Istanbul) Live at Wembley Stadium (/wiki/Live_at_Wembley_Stadium_(Spice_Girls_video)) Singles " Wannabe (/wiki/Wannabe) " " Say You'll Be There (/wiki/Say_You%27ll_Be_There) " " 2 Become 1 (/wiki/2_Become_1) " " Mama (/wiki/Mama_(Spice_Girls_song)) " " Who Do You Think You Are (/wiki/Who_Do_You_Think_You_Are_(Spice_Girls_song)) " " Spice Up Your Life (/wiki/Spice_Up_Your_Life) " " Too Much (/wiki/Too_Much_(Spice_Girls_song)) " " Stop (/wiki/Stop_(Spice_Girls_song)) " " Viva Forever (/wiki/Viva_Forever) " " Goodbye (/wiki/Goodbye_(Spice_Girls_song)) " " Holler (/wiki/Holler_(Spice_Girls_song)) " " Let Love Lead the Way (/wiki/Let_Love_Lead_the_Way) " " Headlines (Friendship Never Ends) (/wiki/Headlines_(Friendship_Never_Ends)) " Featured singles " (How Does It Feel to Be) On Top of the World (/wiki/(How_Does_It_Feel_to_Be)_On_Top_of_the_World) " " It's Only Rock 'n Roll (But I Like It) (/wiki/It%27s_Only_Rock_%27n_Roll_(But_I_Like_It)#Artists_for_Children's_Promise_version) " Promotional singles " Step to Me (/wiki/Step_to_Me) " " Move Over (/wiki/Move_Over) " " Tell Me Why (/wiki/Tell_Me_Why_(Spice_Girls_song)) " Concerts and tours Girl Power! Live in Istanbul (/wiki/Girl_Power!_Live_in_Istanbul) Spiceworld Tour (/wiki/Spiceworld_Tour) Christmas in Spiceworld Tour (/wiki/Christmas_in_Spiceworld_Tour) The Return of the Spice Girls Tour (/wiki/The_Return_of_the_Spice_Girls_Tour) Spice World – 2019 Tour (/wiki/Spice_World_%E2%80%93_2019_Tour) Filmography Spice World (/wiki/Spice_World_(film)) Spice Girls in America: A Tour Story (/wiki/Spice_Girls_in_America:_A_Tour_Story) Giving You Everything (/wiki/Giving_You_Everything) Merchandise Merchandise and sponsorship deals (/wiki/Spice_Girls_merchandise_and_sponsorship_deals) Dolls (/wiki/Spice_Girls_dolls) Spice Cam (/wiki/Spice_Cam) Spice World (video game) (/wiki/Spice_World_(video_game)) Lists Discography (/wiki/Spice_Girls_discography) Songs recorded (/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_the_Spice_Girls) Awards and nominations (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Spice_Girls) Filmography (/wiki/Spice_Girls_filmography) Works about Spice Girls Raw Spice (/wiki/Raw_Spice) Seven Days That Shook the Spice Girls (/wiki/Seven_Days_That_Shook_the_Spice_Girls) Spice Girls: How Girl Power Changed Britain (/wiki/Spice_Girls:_How_Girl_Power_Changed_Britain) Wannabe: How the Spice Girls Reinvented Pop Fame (/wiki/Wannabe:_How_the_Spice_Girls_Reinvented_Pop_Fame) Spiceworld: The Exhibition (/wiki/Spiceworld:_The_Exhibition) Viva Forever! musical (/wiki/Viva_Forever!_(musical)) Associated people Michelle Stephenson (/wiki/Michelle_Stephenson) Simon Fuller (/wiki/Simon_Fuller) Simon Ellis (/wiki/Simon_Ellis_(record_producer)) Related articles Girl power (/wiki/Girl_power) Union Jack dress Spice Girls Present... The Best Girl Power Album... Ever! (/wiki/Spice_Girls_Present..._The_Best_Girl_Power_Album..._Ever!) Spice Girls Ltd v Aprilia World Service BV (/wiki/Spice_Girls_Ltd_v_Aprilia_World_Service_BV) " Spicy (/wiki/Spicy_(Herve_Pagez_and_Diplo_song)) " Category (/wiki/Category:Spice_Girls) v t e Geri Halliwell (/wiki/Geri_Halliwell) Discography (/wiki/Geri_Halliwell_discography) Studio albums Schizophonic (/wiki/Schizophonic_(Geri_Halliwell_album)) Scream If You Wanna Go Faster (/wiki/Scream_If_You_Wanna_Go_Faster) Passion (/wiki/Passion_(Geri_Halliwell_album)) Compilation albums Playlist (/wiki/Playlist_(Geri_Halliwell_album)) Singles " Look at Me (/wiki/Look_at_Me_(Geri_Halliwell_song)) " " Mi Chico Latino (/wiki/Mi_Chico_Latino) " " Lift Me Up (/wiki/Lift_Me_Up_(Geri_Halliwell_song)) " " Bag It Up (/wiki/Bag_It_Up) " " It's Raining Men (/wiki/It%27s_Raining_Men#Geri_Halliwell_version) " " Scream If You Wanna Go Faster (/wiki/Scream_If_You_Wanna_Go_Faster_(song)) " " Calling (/wiki/Calling_(Geri_Halliwell_song)) " " Ride It (/wiki/Ride_It_(Geri_Halliwell_song)) " " Desire (/wiki/Desire_(Geri_Halliwell_song)) " " Half of Me (/wiki/Half_of_Me_(Geri_Halliwell_song)) " Related articles Spice Girls (/wiki/Spice_Girls) Union Jack dress If Only (/wiki/If_Only_(book)) Ugenia Lavender (/wiki/Ugenia_Lavender) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐6s9kg Cached time: 20240719050412 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.516 seconds Real time usage: 0.651 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2163/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 68358/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 5582/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 96083/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.295/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5126832/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 577.678 1 -total 34.24% 197.811 1 Template:Reflist 20.13% 116.258 2 Template:Navbox_musical_artist 19.92% 115.076 1 Template:Spice_Girls 16.34% 94.383 1 Template:Short_description 15.77% 91.080 1 Template:Cite_book 10.33% 59.665 13 Template:Cite_web 8.73% 50.417 2 Template:Pagetype 8.17% 47.219 1 Template:Infobox_clothing_item 7.80% 45.043 1 Template:Infobox Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:27427509-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719050412 and revision id 1231369495. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Union_Jack_dress&oldid=1231369495 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Union_Jack_dress&oldid=1231369495) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1990s fashion (/wiki/Category:1990s_fashion) British fashion (/wiki/Category:British_fashion) Individual dresses (/wiki/Category:Individual_dresses) 1997 clothing (/wiki/Category:1997_clothing) Flags of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Flags_of_the_United_Kingdom) Geri Halliwell (/wiki/Category:Geri_Halliwell) Multicolor dresses (/wiki/Category:Multicolor_dresses) Red carpet fashion (/wiki/Category:Red_carpet_fashion) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) EngvarB from September 2014 (/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_September_2014) Use dmy dates from September 2014 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_September_2014) Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata)
Mandaean ceremonial garment Mandaean men wearing rasta performing masbuta (/wiki/Masbuta) in Ahvaz (/wiki/Ahvaz) , Iran Mandaean women wearing rasta performing Rishama (/wiki/Rishama_(ablution)) in Ahvaz (/wiki/Ahvaz) , Iran in 2013 Part of a series (/wiki/Category:Mandaeism) on Mandaeism (/wiki/Mandaeism) Prophets Adam (/wiki/Adam) Seth (/wiki/Seth) Noah (/wiki/Noah) Shem (/wiki/Shem) John the Baptist (/wiki/John_the_Baptist) Names for adherents Mandaeans (/wiki/Mandaeans) Sabians (/wiki/Sabians) Nasoraeans (/wiki/Nazarene_(sect)#Nasoraean_Mandaeans) Gnostics (/wiki/Gnosticism) Scriptures (/wiki/List_of_Mandaean_texts) Ginza Rabba (/wiki/Ginza_Rabba) Right Ginza (/wiki/Right_Ginza) Left Ginza (/wiki/Left_Ginza) Mandaean Book of John (/wiki/Mandaean_Book_of_John) Qolasta (/wiki/Qolasta) Niana (/wiki/Niana) Haran Gawaita (/wiki/Haran_Gawaita) The Wedding of the Great Shishlam (/wiki/The_Wedding_of_the_Great_Shishlam) The Baptism of Hibil Ziwa (/wiki/The_Baptism_of_Hibil_Ziwa) Diwan Abatur (/wiki/Diwan_Abatur) The Thousand and Twelve Questions (/wiki/The_Thousand_and_Twelve_Questions) Scroll of Exalted Kingship (/wiki/Scroll_of_Exalted_Kingship) The Coronation of the Great Shishlam (/wiki/The_Coronation_of_the_Great_Shishlam) Alma Rišaia Rba (/wiki/Alma_Ri%C5%A1aia_Rba) Alma Rišaia Zuṭa (/wiki/Alma_Ri%C5%A1aia_Zu%E1%B9%ADa) Zihrun Raza Kasia (/wiki/Zihrun_Raza_Kasia) Scroll of the Parwanaya (/wiki/Scroll_of_the_Parwanaya) Book of the Zodiac (/wiki/Book_of_the_Zodiac) Dmut Kušṭa (/wiki/Dmut_Ku%C5%A1%E1%B9%ADa) Scroll of the Rivers (/wiki/Scroll_of_the_Rivers) Secrets of the Ancestors (/wiki/Secrets_of_the_Ancestors) Scroll of the Ancestors (/wiki/Scroll_of_the_Ancestors) Priests (/wiki/Mandaean_priest) Rishama (/wiki/Rishama) Ganzibra (/wiki/Ganzibra) Tarmida (/wiki/Tarmida) Shganda (/wiki/Shganda) Individual leaders Miriai (/wiki/Miriai) Shlama beth Qidra (/wiki/Shlama_beth_Qidra) Zazai of Gawazta (/wiki/Zazai_of_Gawazta) Anush Bar Danqa (/wiki/Anush_Bar_Danqa) Yahya Bihram (/wiki/Yahya_Bihram) Dakhil Aidan (/wiki/Dakhil_Aidan) Jabbar Choheili (/wiki/Jabbar_Choheili) Sattar Jabbar Hilow (/wiki/Sattar_Jabbar_Hilow) Najah Choheili (/wiki/Najah_Choheili) Salah Choheili (/wiki/Salah_Choheili) Rituals Masbuta (/wiki/Masbuta) Masiqta (/wiki/Masiqta) Tamasha (/wiki/Tamasha_(ablution)) Rishama (/wiki/Rishama_(ablution)) Kushta (/wiki/Kushta) Qabin (/wiki/Qabin) Misha (/wiki/Misha_(Mandaeism)) Ritual food and drink Mambuha (/wiki/Mambuha) Halalta (/wiki/Halalta) Hamra (/wiki/Hamra_(Mandaeism)) Pihta (/wiki/Pihta) Fatira (/wiki/Fatira) Zidqa brikha (/wiki/Zidqa_brikha) Lofani (/wiki/Lofani) Sa (/wiki/Sa_(Mandaeism)) Dukrana (/wiki/Dukrana) Practices Belief in Oneness of God (/wiki/Hayyi_Rabbi) Daily prayer (/wiki/Brakha) Baptism (/wiki/Masbuta) Fasting (/wiki/Sauma) Almsgiving (/wiki/Zidqa) Objects and symbols Drabsha (/wiki/Drabsha) Rasta Burzinqa (/wiki/Burzinqa) Pandama (/wiki/Pandama) Klila (/wiki/Klila) Taga (/wiki/Taga_(Mandaeism)) Riha (/wiki/Riha_(Mandaeism)) Skandola (/wiki/Skandola) Cosmology (/wiki/Mandaean_cosmology) Hayyi Rabbi (/wiki/Hayyi_Rabbi) World of Light (/wiki/World_of_Light) Mana (/wiki/Mana_(Mandaeism)) Manda (/wiki/Manda_(Mandaeism)) Uthra (/wiki/Uthra) Manda d-Hayyi (/wiki/Manda_d-Hayyi) Yushamin (/wiki/Yushamin) Abatur (/wiki/Abatur) Ptahil (/wiki/Ptahil) Hibil (/wiki/Hibil) Shitil (/wiki/Shitil) Anush (/wiki/Anush_(Mandaeism)) Sam Ziwa (/wiki/Sam_Ziwa) Bihram Rabba (/wiki/Bihram) Adathan (/wiki/Adathan) Yadathan (/wiki/Yadathan) Shilmai (/wiki/Shilmai) Nidbai (/wiki/Nidbai) Yawar Ziwa (/wiki/Yawar_Ziwa) Simat Hayyi (/wiki/Simat_Hayyi) Yufin-Yufafin (/wiki/Yufin-Yufafin) Nsab (/wiki/Nsab) Nbat (/wiki/Nbat) Gubran (/wiki/Gubran) Shihlun (/wiki/Shihlun) Urfeil (/wiki/Urfeil) Marfeil (/wiki/Marfeil) Saureil (/wiki/Saureil) Zihrun (/wiki/Zihrun) Etinsib Ziwa (/wiki/Etinsib_Ziwa) Piriawis (/wiki/Piriawis) Tarwan (/wiki/Tarwan) Yura (/wiki/Yura_(Mandaeism)) Yurba (/wiki/Yurba) Yukashar (/wiki/Yukashar) Ziwa (/wiki/Ziwa_(Aramaic)#Mandaeism) Shahrat (/wiki/Shahrat) Malwasha (/wiki/Malwasha) Nishimta (/wiki/Nishimta) Dinanukht (/wiki/Dinanukht) Shishlam (/wiki/Shishlam) Ezlat (/wiki/Ezlat) škina (/wiki/Shkinta) Dmuta (/wiki/Dmuta) Mshunia Kushta (/wiki/Mshunia_Kushta) Adam kasia (/wiki/Adam_kasia) Adam pagria (/wiki/Adam_pagria) Shatrin (/wiki/Shatrin) Laufa (/wiki/Laufa) Hitfun (/wiki/Hitfun) Tibil (/wiki/Tibil) World of Darkness (/wiki/World_of_Darkness_(Mandaeism)) Sea of Suf (/wiki/Sea_of_Suf) Siniawis (/wiki/Siniawis) Matarta (/wiki/Matarta) Ruha (/wiki/Ruha) Ur (/wiki/Ur_(Mandaeism)) Krun (/wiki/Krun) Gaf (/wiki/Gaf_(Mandaeism)) Qin (/wiki/Qin_(Mandaeism)) Zahreil (/wiki/Zahreil) Anathan (/wiki/Anathan) Giu (/wiki/Giu_(Mandaeism)) Shdum (/wiki/Shdum) Zartai-Zartanai (/wiki/Zartai-Zartanai) Hag (/wiki/Hag_and_Mag) Mag (/wiki/Hag_and_Mag) Festivals (/wiki/Mandaean_calendar#Festivals) Parwanaya (/wiki/Parwanaya) Dehwa Rabba (/wiki/Dehwa_Rabba) Dehwa d-Shishlam Rabba (/wiki/Dehwa_d-Shishlam_Rabba) Dehwa Daimana (/wiki/Dehwa_Daimana) Dehwa Hanina (/wiki/Dehwa_Hanina) Abu al-Haris (/wiki/Abu_al-Haris) (Ashoriya) Ead Fel (/wiki/Mandaean_calendar#Festivals) Places Yardena (/wiki/Yardna) Beth Manda (/wiki/Beth_Manda) Shkinta (/wiki/Shkinta) Andiruna (/wiki/Andiruna) Prayers (/wiki/Brakha) Asiet Malkia (/wiki/Asiet_Malkia) Rushma (/wiki/Rushma) Rahma (/wiki/Rahma_(Mandaeism)) Tabahatan (/wiki/Tabahatan) Shumhata (/wiki/Shumhata) Bshuma (/wiki/Bshuma) Religion portal (/wiki/Portal:Religion) v t e A rasta ( Classical Mandaic (/wiki/Classical_Mandaic_language) : ࡓࡀࡎࡕࡀ ) is a white ceremonial garment that Mandaeans (/wiki/Mandaeans) wear during most baptismal (/wiki/Baptismal) rites, [1] (#cite_note-1) religious ceremonies, and during periods of uncleanliness. It signifies the purity of the World of Light (/wiki/World_of_Light) . The rasta is worn equally by the laypersons and the priests. [2] (#cite_note-2) If a Mandaean dies in clothes other than a rasta, it is believed that they will not reenter the World of Light, [3] (#cite_note-3) unless the rite "Ahaba ḏ-Mania" ('Giving of Garments') can be performed "for those who have died not wearing the ritual garment." [4] (#cite_note-4) A rasta also has a stitched-on pocket called the daša . [5] (#cite_note-Buckley_2002-5) Women also wear a robe ( ʿabā ) over the rasta during masbuta. [6] (#cite_note-Häberl_2022-6) : 16 Symbolism [ edit ] The rasta is expected to be transmuted after death into a "garment of glory" for the soul ( Qolasta (/wiki/Qolasta) prayer 76 (https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Translation:Qolasta/Prayer_76) : "the Perfecter of Souls ... will come out toward you and clothe your soul in a garment of radiance" [7] (#cite_note-Drower_1959-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) ) – this is equivalent to the perispirit (/wiki/Perispirit) . [ citation needed ] A Mandaic hymn, Left Ginza (/wiki/Left_Ginza) 3.11, states: "He created me and clothed me with radiance, like that which the chosen men put on. That which the chosen men put on, the true and faithful people. I put my head therein, I was filled like the world. I opened my eyes in it, my eyes became filled with light." [9] (#cite_note-GR_Gelbert-9) Related clothing [ edit ] Other ritual clothing pieces that typically go along with the rasta when worn by men, especially priests (/wiki/Mandaean_priest) , are: [5] (#cite_note-Buckley_2002-5) Burzinqa (/wiki/Burzinqa) (turban) Pandama (/wiki/Pandama) (cloth wrapped around the mouth and lower face) Himiana (/wiki/Himiana) (girdle) Special prayers in the Qolasta (/wiki/Qolasta) are also recited when putting on the burzinqa (/wiki/Burzinqa) and pandama (/wiki/Pandama) . [7] (#cite_note-Drower_1959-7) See also [ edit ] Baptismal clothing (/wiki/Baptismal_clothing) Burzinqa (/wiki/Burzinqa) Pandama (/wiki/Pandama) Himiana (/wiki/Himiana) Drabsha (/wiki/Drabsha) Mandaean cosmology (/wiki/Mandaean_cosmology) Masbuta (/wiki/Masbuta) Masiqta (/wiki/Masiqta) Parwanaya (/wiki/Parwanaya) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Jorunn Jacobsen Buckley (/wiki/Jorunn_Jacobsen_Buckley) , The Mandaeans: Ancient Texts and Modern People , pg.81, Oxford University Press (2002) ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-19-515385-5 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-515385-5) ^ (#cite_ref-2) Al-Mubaraki, Majid Fandi; Al-Mubaraki, Brayan Majid; Al-Mubaraki, Zaid (2000). The Mandaean Rasta . Sydney. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-9585705-6-6 . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ (#cite_ref-3) [1] (http://www.mrrp.org/about.html) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20091119224655/http://www.mrrp.org/about.html) November 19, 2009, at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-4) [2] (http://www.cartesio-episteme.net/st/americ.htm) "Glossary", in E. S. Drouwer, The Mandaeans of Iran and Iraq: Their Cults, Customs, Magic Legends, and Folklore , Gorgias Press (2002) ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1-931956-49-9 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-931956-49-9) ^ Jump up to: a b Buckley, Jorunn Jacobsen (2002). The Mandaeans: ancient texts and modern people . New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-19-515385-5 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 65198443 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/65198443) . ^ (#cite_ref-Häberl_2022_6-0) Häberl, Charles (2022). The Book of Kings and the Explanations of This World: A Universal History from the Late Sasanian Empire . Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.3828/9781800856271 (https://doi.org/10.3828%2F9781800856271) (inactive 2024-02-21). ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-80085-627-1 . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of February 2024 ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_February_2024) ) ^ Jump up to: a b Drower, E. S. (1959). Canonical Prayerbook of the Mandaeans . Leiden: E.J. Brill. ^ (#cite_ref-8) The Gnostic Society Library, Mandaean Scriptures and Fragments: Ginza Rba, The Canonical Prayerbook of the Mandaeans (http://www.gnosis.org/library/ginzarba.htm) ^ (#cite_ref-GR_Gelbert_9-0) Gelbert, Carlos (2011). Ginza Rba . Sydney: Living Water Books. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780958034630 . v t e Mandaeism (/wiki/Mandaeism) People Mandaeans (/wiki/Mandaeans) Mandaean Americans (/wiki/Mandaean_Americans) Mandaean Australians (/wiki/Mandaean_Australians) Mandaeans in Sweden (/wiki/Mandaeans_in_Sweden) Sabians (/wiki/Sabians) Nasoraeans (/wiki/Nazarene_(sect)#Nasoraean_Mandaeans) Historical identities Essenes (/wiki/Essenes) Gnostics (/wiki/Gnosticism) Priesthood (/wiki/Mandaean_priest) Titles Rishama (/wiki/Rishama) Ganzibra (/wiki/Ganzibra) Tarmida (/wiki/Tarmida) ( Shganda (/wiki/Shganda) ) Individuals ( List of Mandaean priests (/wiki/List_of_Mandaean_priests) ) Shlama beth Qidra (/wiki/Shlama_beth_Qidra) Zazai of Gawazta (/wiki/Zazai_of_Gawazta) Anush bar Danqa (/wiki/Anush_bar_Danqa) Yahya Bihram (/wiki/Yahya_Bihram) Ram Zihrun (/wiki/Ram_Zihrun) Bibia Mudalal (/wiki/Bibia_Mudalal) Abdullah Khaffagi (/wiki/Abdullah_Khaffagi) Negm bar Zahroon (/wiki/Negm_bar_Zahroon) Abdullah bar Negm (/wiki/Abdullah_bar_Negm) Abdullah bar Sam (/wiki/Abdullah_bar_Sam) Dakhil Aidan (/wiki/Dakhil_Aidan) Jabbar Choheili (/wiki/Jabbar_Choheili) Salah Choheili (/wiki/Salah_Choheili) Najah Choheili (/wiki/Najah_Choheili) Taleb Doraji (/wiki/Taleb_Doraji) Khaldoon Majid Abdullah (/wiki/Khaldoon_Majid_Abdullah) Sahi Bashikh (/wiki/Sahi_Bashikh) Sattar Jabbar Hilow (/wiki/Sattar_Jabbar_Hilow) Yuhana Nashmi (/wiki/Yuhana_Nashmi) Brikha Nasoraia (/wiki/Brikha_Nasoraia) Rafid al-Sabti (/wiki/Rafid_al-Sabti) Institutions Mandaean Council of Ahvaz (/wiki/Mandaean_Council_of_Ahvaz) Literature (/wiki/List_of_Mandaic_manuscripts) Main texts Ginza Rabba (/wiki/Ginza_Rabba) Right Ginza (/wiki/Right_Ginza) Left Ginza (/wiki/Left_Ginza) Mandaean Book of John (/wiki/Mandaean_Book_of_John) Prayers Qolasta (/wiki/Qolasta) Niana (/wiki/Niana) Rushma (/wiki/Rushma) Asiet Malkia (/wiki/Asiet_Malkia) Rahma (/wiki/Rahma_(Mandaeism)) Tabahatan (/wiki/Tabahatan) Shumhata (/wiki/Shumhata) Ritual texts The Wedding of the Great Shishlam (/wiki/The_Wedding_of_the_Great_Shishlam) Scroll of the Parwanaya (/wiki/Scroll_of_the_Parwanaya) Scroll of the Great Baptism (/wiki/Scroll_of_the_Great_Baptism) Scroll of the Ancestors (/wiki/Scroll_of_the_Ancestors) Zihrun Raza Kasia (/wiki/Zihrun_Raza_Kasia) Esoteric texts The Thousand and Twelve Questions (/wiki/The_Thousand_and_Twelve_Questions) Scroll of Exalted Kingship (/wiki/Scroll_of_Exalted_Kingship) The Coronation of the Great Shishlam (/wiki/The_Coronation_of_the_Great_Shishlam) Alma Rišaia Rba (/wiki/Alma_Ri%C5%A1aia_Rba) Alma Rišaia Zuṭa (/wiki/Alma_Ri%C5%A1aia_Zu%E1%B9%ADa) The Baptism of Hibil Ziwa (/wiki/The_Baptism_of_Hibil_Ziwa) Scroll of Abatur (/wiki/Scroll_of_Abatur) Dmut Kušṭa (/wiki/Dmut_Ku%C5%A1%E1%B9%ADa) Secrets of the Ancestors (/wiki/Secrets_of_the_Ancestors) Scroll of the Rivers (/wiki/Scroll_of_the_Rivers) Book of the Zodiac (/wiki/Book_of_the_Zodiac) Historical texts Haran Gawaita (/wiki/Haran_Gawaita) Apotropaic (/wiki/Apotropaic_magic) texts Incantation bowls (/wiki/Incantation_bowl) Lead rolls (/wiki/Mandaic_lead_rolls) Cosmology (/wiki/Mandaean_cosmology) Tibil (/wiki/Tibil) Yardna (/wiki/Yardna) World of Light (/wiki/World_of_Light) Hayyi Rabbi (/wiki/Hayyi_Rabbi) Shkina (/wiki/Shkinta) Piriawis (/wiki/Piriawis) Mshunia Kushta (/wiki/Mshunia_Kushta) Tarwan (/wiki/Tarwan) Yasana (/wiki/Yasana) Uthras (/wiki/Uthra) Yushamin (/wiki/Yushamin) Abatur (/wiki/Abatur) Ptahil (/wiki/Ptahil) Hibil (/wiki/Hibil) Shitil (/wiki/Shitil) Anush (/wiki/Anush_(Mandaeism)) Sam Ziwa (/wiki/Sam_Ziwa) Manda d-Hayyi (/wiki/Manda_d-Hayyi) Shilmai (/wiki/Shilmai) Nidbai (/wiki/Nidbai) Adathan and Yadathan (/wiki/Adathan_and_Yadathan) Yufin-Yufafin (/wiki/Yufin-Yufafin) Urfeil and Marfeil (/wiki/Urfeil_and_Marfeil) Tar and Tarwan (/wiki/Tarwan) Bihram (/wiki/Bihram) Zihrun (/wiki/Zihrun) Etinsib Ziwa (/wiki/Etinsib_Ziwa) Nbat (/wiki/Nbat) Nsab (/wiki/Nsab) Gubran (/wiki/Gubran) Shihlun (/wiki/Shihlun) Yura (/wiki/Yura_(Mandaeism)) Yurba (/wiki/Yurba) Yukabar (/wiki/Yukabar) Yukashar (/wiki/Yukashar) Yawar Ziwa (/wiki/Yawar_Ziwa) Simat Hayyi (/wiki/Simat_Hayyi) Saureil (/wiki/Saureil) Concepts Anana (/wiki/Anana_(Mandaeism)) Gufna (/wiki/Gufna) Ziwa (/wiki/Ziwa_(Aramaic)) Intermediary realms Matarta (/wiki/Matarta) Hitfun (/wiki/Hitfun) Shahrat (/wiki/Shahrat) Shatrin (/wiki/Shatrin) World of Darkness (/wiki/World_of_Darkness_(Mandaeism)) Sea of Suf (/wiki/Sea_of_Suf) Siniawis (/wiki/Siniawis) Mšiha (/wiki/Jesus_in_Mandaeism) Demons (/wiki/Demons_in_Mandaeism) Ruha (/wiki/Ruha) Ur (/wiki/Ur_(Mandaeism)) Krun (/wiki/Krun) Gaf (/wiki/Gaf_(Mandaeism)) Qin (/wiki/Qin_(Mandaeism)) Anathan (/wiki/Anathan) Shdum (/wiki/Shdum) Giu (/wiki/Giu_(Mandaeism)) Hag and Mag (/wiki/Hag_and_Mag) Zartai-Zartanai (/wiki/Zartai-Zartanai) Zahreil (/wiki/Zahreil) Planets (/wiki/Mandaean_cosmology#Planets) Shamish (/wiki/Shamish) (Sun) Libat (/wiki/Libat) (Venus) Nbu (/wiki/Nbu) (Mercury) Sin (/wiki/Sin_(Mandaeism)) (Moon) Kiwan (/wiki/Kiwan) (Saturn) Bil (/wiki/Bil_(Mandaeism)) (Jupiter) Nirig (/wiki/Nirig) (Mars) Important figures Adam (/wiki/Adam) Seth (/wiki/Seth) Abel (/wiki/Abel) Enosh (/wiki/Enos_(biblical_figure)) Noah (/wiki/Noah) Shem (/wiki/Shem) Miriai (/wiki/Miriai) Elizabeth (/wiki/Elizabeth_(biblical_figure)) John the Baptist (/wiki/John_the_Baptist) Legendary figures Dinanukht (/wiki/Dinanukht) Shishlam (/wiki/Shishlam) Ezlat (/wiki/Ezlat) Concepts Kushta (/wiki/Kushta) (truth) Manda (/wiki/Manda_(Mandaeism)) (gnosis) Laufa (/wiki/Laufa) (communion) Dmuta (/wiki/Dmuta) (image) Nishimta (/wiki/Nishimta) (soul) Ruha (/wiki/Ruha#As_the_spirit) (spirit) Mana (/wiki/Mana_(Mandaeism)) (mind) Adam Kasia (/wiki/Adam_Kasia) (hidden Adam) Adam Pagria (/wiki/Adam_Pagria) (bodily Adam) Objects and symbols Drabsha (/wiki/Drabsha) (banner) Misha (/wiki/Misha_(Mandaeism)) (oil) Riha (/wiki/Riha_(Mandaeism)) (incense) Skandola (/wiki/Skandola) (talisman seal) Ritual food and drink Drinks Mambuha (/wiki/Mambuha) Halalta (/wiki/Halalta) Hamra (/wiki/Hamra_(Mandaeism)) Foods Pihta (/wiki/Pihta) Fatira (/wiki/Fatira) Sa (/wiki/Sa_(Mandaeism)) Meals Dukrana (/wiki/Dukrana) Lofani (/wiki/Lofani) Zidqa brikha (/wiki/Zidqa_brikha) Clothing Rasta (robe) Burzinqa (/wiki/Burzinqa) (turban) Pandama (/wiki/Pandama) (mouth-veil) Himiana (/wiki/Himiana) (girdle) Margna (/wiki/Margna) (staff) Klila (/wiki/Klila) (wreath) Taga (/wiki/Taga_(Mandaeism)) (crown) Rituals and practices Masbuta (/wiki/Masbuta) (baptism) Tamasha (/wiki/Tamasha_(ablution)) (triple ablution) Rishama (/wiki/Rishama_(ablution)) (minor ablution) Masiqta (/wiki/Masiqta) (death mass) Qabin (/wiki/Qabin) (wedding) Brakha (/wiki/Brakha) (prayer) Bshuma (/wiki/Bshuma) Sauma (/wiki/Sauma) (fasting) Zidqa (/wiki/Zidqa) (almsgiving) Naming (/wiki/Mandaean_name) Buildings and structures Mandi (/wiki/Mandi_(Mandaeism)) Baghdad Mandi (/wiki/Sabian%E2%80%93Mandaean_Mandi_of_Baghdad) Ganzibra Dakhil Mandi (/wiki/Ganzibra_Dakhil_Mandi) Yahya Yuhana Mandi (/wiki/Yahya_Yuhana_Mandi) Wallacia Mandi (/wiki/Wallacia_Mandi) Shkinta (/wiki/Shkinta) Andiruna (/wiki/Andiruna) Calendar (/wiki/Mandaean_calendar) Feasts Dehwa Rabba (/wiki/Dehwa_Rabba) Feast of the Great Shishlam (/wiki/Feast_of_the_Great_Shishlam) Dehwa Hanina (/wiki/Dehwa_Hanina) Abu al-Haris (/wiki/Abu_al-Haris) Parwanaya (/wiki/Parwanaya) Dehwa Daimana (/wiki/Dehwa_Daimana) Months Daula (/wiki/Daula_(month)) Nuna (/wiki/Nuna_(month)) ʿmbra (/wiki/Embra_(month)) Taura (/wiki/Taura_(month)) Ṣilmia (/wiki/Silmia) Sarṭana (/wiki/Sartana_(month)) Aria (/wiki/Aria_(month)) Šumbulta (/wiki/Shumbulta) Qaina (/wiki/Qaina) Arqba (/wiki/Arqba) Hiṭia (/wiki/Hitia) Gadia (/wiki/Gadia_(month)) Epochs Adam and Eve (/wiki/Adam_and_Eve) Ram and Rud (/wiki/Ram_and_Rud) Shurbai and Sharhabeil (/wiki/Shurbai_and_Sharhabeil) Noah (/wiki/Noah) and Nuraita (/wiki/Noah%27s_wife#In_Mandaeism) Language Mandaic (/wiki/Mandaic_language) Neo-Mandaic (/wiki/Neo-Mandaic) Alphabet (/wiki/Mandaic_alphabet) Unicode block (/wiki/Mandaic_(Unicode_block)) Other topics Mandaean studies (/wiki/Mandaean_studies) Category (/wiki/Category:Mandaeism) · Outline (/wiki/Outline_of_Mandaeism) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐zrpcw Cached time: 20240720045229 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.537 seconds Real time usage: 0.694 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1929/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 109733/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1352/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 16/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 44863/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.345/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 14590996/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 569.723 1 -total 27.45% 156.376 1 Template:Reflist 19.32% 110.093 1 Template:Mandaeism 18.89% 107.621 1 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists 16.32% 92.974 1 Template:Lang-myz 13.66% 77.817 5 Template:Cite_book 13.49% 76.863 10 Template:Navbox 12.08% 68.818 1 Template:Short_description 10.88% 61.983 1 Template:Mandaeism_footer 9.04% 51.525 2 Template:ISBN Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:24933540-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720045229 and revision id 1226493483. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rasta_(Mandaeism)&oldid=1226493483 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rasta_(Mandaeism)&oldid=1226493483) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Mandaean clothing (/wiki/Category:Mandaean_clothing) Mandaic words and phrases (/wiki/Category:Mandaic_words_and_phrases) Hidden categories: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) Webarchive template wayback links (/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links) CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of February 2024 (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_February_2024) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles containing Classical Mandaic-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Classical_Mandaic-language_text) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from March 2024 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_March_2024)
American businesswoman and fashion designer Sarah Miyazawa LaFleur is an American businesswoman and fashion designer who is the founder and CEO of MM.LaFleur. [1] (#cite_note-1) Biography [ edit ] LaFleur was born in Paris, France, the daughter of Christopher J. LaFleur (/w/index.php?title=Christopher_J._LaFleur&action=edit&redlink=1) [ zh (https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E6%80%9D%E5%BE%B7) ] , the former United States Ambassador to Malaysia (/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Malaysia) , and Keiko Miyazawa, the daughter of Kiichi Miyazawa (/wiki/Kiichi_Miyazawa) , who served as Prime Minister of Japan (/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan) from 1991 to 1993. Her younger sister is Emma Miyazawa (/wiki/Emma_Miyazawa) . [2] (#cite_note-2) She wore designs by Hanae Mori (/wiki/Hanae_Mori) at the Bal des débutantes (/wiki/Bal_des_d%C3%A9butantes) on December 7, 2002. [3] (#cite_note-3) She graduated from Harvard University (/wiki/Harvard_University) in 2006. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) LaFleur worked as a management counselor for Bain & Company (/wiki/Bain_%26_Company) and TechnoServe (/wiki/TechnoServe) in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . She worked in South Africa (/wiki/South_Africa) where she studied business opportunities in agriculture. She then worked for a private equity firm, Starwood Capital Group (/wiki/Starwood_Capital_Group) , in New York and Paris (/wiki/Paris) . [6] (#cite_note-6) LaFleur left financial counseling to found MM.LaFleur, whom she named after her mother, in April 2011, along with Miyako Nakamura and Narie Foster. [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) In February 2020 LaFleur announced the company will lend free clothing to any woman running for office. [9] (#cite_note-9) LaFleur is one of the signatories of a letter intended for Donald Trump (/wiki/Donald_Trump) and the United States Congress (/wiki/United_States_Congress) in an attempt to keep the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (/wiki/Deferred_Action_for_Childhood_Arrivals) in place throughout the United States. [10] (#cite_note-10) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Safronova, Valeriya (2017-03-27). "With 'The Big Life,' Millennial Women Get a New Guide" (https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/27/fashion/lean-in-ann-shoket-big-life.html) . The New York Times . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Gan, Steven; Aziz, Fauwaz Abdul (2005-03-16). "Q&A: Msia not snubbed by Clinton, Bush in tsunami tour, says US envoy" (https://www.malaysiakini.com/news/34476) . malaysiakini . Retrieved 2017-09-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Gross, Michael (2002-11-03). "Better Deb than Red" (http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/gossip/better-deb-red-article-1.499613) . NY Daily News . Retrieved 2017-09-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Calhoun, Lisa (2016-07-26). "Entering the Awesome Age of Millennial Entrepreneurship" (https://www.inc.com/lisa-calhoun/entering-the-awesome-age-of-millennial-entrepreneurship.html) . Inc.com . Retrieved 2017-10-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Brzezinski, Ginny (2017-12-07). "How new shoes kicked my confidence into high gear" (https://www.nbcnews.com/know-your-value/feature/how-new-shoes-kicked-my-confidence-high-gear-ncna827411) . NBC News . Retrieved 2018-12-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Why are there so few women, millennial entrepreneurs?" (https://www.cnbc.com/2014/07/25/why-are-there-so-few-women-millennial-entrepreneurs.html) . CNBC . 27 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-7) Gustafson, Krystina (2016-03-28). "The anti-Amazons: Two brands shaking up retail" (https://www.cnbc.com/2016/03/22/the-anti-amazons-two-brands-shaking-up-retail.html) . CNBC . Retrieved 2017-09-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Pham, Tiffany. "How She Did It: Narie Foster On Launching A New Fashion Label for Professional Women, M.M. Lafleur" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/tiffanypham/2014/10/11/how-she-did-it-narie-foster-on-launching-a-new-fashion-label-for-professional-women-m-m-lafleur/#2980a6f5eb29) . Forbes . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Company to provide free clothing to any female candidate (https://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/483460-clothing-company-to-provide-free-clothing-to-any-woman) The Hill, 18 Feb 2020 ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Women in Power: Sarah LaFleur, MM.LaFleur" (https://www.ellevest.com/magazine/career/women-in-power-sarah-lafleur-mm-lafleur) . Ellevest . 2018-01-30. This article about a United States businessperson is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Miyazawa_LaFleur&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐tngv9 Cached time: 20240712174817 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.324 seconds Real time usage: 0.420 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 727/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 18897/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 642/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 37727/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.222/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4938837/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 394.574 1 -total 43.80% 172.807 1 Template:Reflist 27.92% 110.155 1 Template:Short_description 27.71% 109.326 1 Template:Cite_news 21.41% 84.491 1 Template:US-business-bio-stub 20.95% 82.653 1 Template:Asbox 13.12% 51.782 2 Template:Pagetype 11.07% 43.665 4 Template:Main_other 10.27% 40.537 1 Template:SDcat 9.74% 38.438 8 Template:Cite_web Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:60140992-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712174817 and revision id 1151630143. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Miyazawa_LaFleur&oldid=1151630143 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Miyazawa_LaFleur&oldid=1151630143) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) American women chief executives (/wiki/Category:American_women_chief_executives) American fashion designers (/wiki/Category:American_fashion_designers) American company founders (/wiki/Category:American_company_founders) American women company founders (/wiki/Category:American_women_company_founders) Harvard University alumni (/wiki/Category:Harvard_University_alumni) American people of Japanese descent (/wiki/Category:American_people_of_Japanese_descent) American women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:American_women_fashion_designers) 21st-century American women (/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_women) American business biography stubs (/wiki/Category:American_business_biography_stubs) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Year of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_(living_people)) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐967764f4‐99gk2 Cached time: 20240628231503 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.003 seconds Real time usage: 0.004 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 1/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:5984557-0!canonical and timestamp 20240628231503 and revision id 1218645502. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse Subcategories This category has only the following subcategory. G Glam metal (/wiki/Category:Glam_metal) ‎ (3 C, 4 P) Pages in category "Heavy metal fashion" The following 9 pages are in this category, out of 9 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . Heavy metal fashion (/wiki/Heavy_metal_fashion) C Concert T-shirt (/wiki/Concert_T-shirt) Corpse paint (/wiki/Corpse_paint) Cut-off (/wiki/Cut-off) G Gauntlet (glove) (/wiki/Gauntlet_(glove)) Gothic metal (/wiki/Gothic_metal) Laurie Greenan (/wiki/Laurie_Greenan) L Leather jacket (/wiki/Leather_jacket) Long hair (/wiki/Long_hair) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Heavy_metal_fashion&oldid=1218645502 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Heavy_metal_fashion&oldid=1218645502) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 20th-century fashion (/wiki/Category:20th-century_fashion) 21st-century fashion (/wiki/Category:21st-century_fashion) Heavy metal subculture (/wiki/Category:Heavy_metal_subculture) Fashion aesthetics (/wiki/Category:Fashion_aesthetics) Music and fashion (/wiki/Category:Music_and_fashion)
French model and actress (born 2001) You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article (https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thylane_Blondeau) in Italian . (March 2018) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View (https://translate.google.com/translate?&u=https%3A%2F%2Fit.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FThylane_Blondeau&sl=it&tl=en&prev=_t&hl=en) a machine-translated version of the Italian article. Machine translation, like DeepL (https://deepl.com) or Google Translate (https://translate.google.com/) , is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution (/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia) in the edit summary (/wiki/Help:Edit_summary) accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link (/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links) to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Italian Wikipedia article at [[:it:Thylane Blondeau]]; see its history for attribution. You may also add the template {{Translated\|it\|Thylane Blondeau}} to the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Thylane_Blondeau) . For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation (/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation) . Thylane Blondeau Born Thylane Léna-Rose Loubry Blondeau ( 2001-04-05 ) April 5, 2001 (age 23) Aix-en-Provence, France (/wiki/Aix-en-Provence,_France) Occupation(s) Model, actress Years active 2005–present Parent Patrick Blondeau (/wiki/Patrick_Blondeau) (father) Modeling information Height 1.70 m (5 ft 7 in) [1] (#cite_note-IMG-1) Hair color Brown Eye color Blue Agency IMG Models (/wiki/IMG_Models) (New York, Paris, Milan, London, Los Angeles) Uno Models (/wiki/Modelling_agency) (Barcelona) [2] (#cite_note-models.com-2) Success (/wiki/Modelling_agency) (Paris) (2005–2016) Thylane Léna-Rose Loubry Blondeau (born April 5, 2001) is a French model. Blondeau started modeling at a very young age, and in 2006, was elected "Most Beautiful Girl in The World" by Vogue Enfants (/wiki/Vogue_France) . She has modeled for many designers, including Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) , L'Oréal (/wiki/L%27Or%C3%A9al) and Versace (/wiki/Versace) . In 2018, she founded her own clothing brand, Heaven May, and topped TC Candler's "100 Most Beautiful Faces." Early life [ edit ] This section of a biography of a living person (/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons) does not include (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) any references or sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help by adding reliable sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) . Contentious material about living people that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately . Find sources: "Thylane Blondeau" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Thylane+Blondeau%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Thylane+Blondeau%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Thylane+Blondeau%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Thylane+Blondeau%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Thylane+Blondeau%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Thylane+Blondeau%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( March 2018 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Thylane Blondeau was born in Aix-en-Provence, France (/wiki/Aix-en-Provence,_France) . She is the daughter of Patrick Blondeau (/wiki/Patrick_Blondeau) , a footballer, and Véronika Loubry (/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A9ronika_Loubry&action=edit&redlink=1) [ fr (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A9ronika_Loubry) ] , an actress and television presenter. She has a younger brother, Ayrton Blondeau. Their parents Véronika and Patrick married in 2002 and divorced in 2016. [3] (#cite_note-3) Career [ edit ] Modeling [ edit ] Blondeau began modelling at the age of 4, walking on the runway for French designer Jean Paul Gaultier (/wiki/Jean_Paul_Gaultier) and later for famous designers like Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) , babylos, and L'Oréal (/wiki/L%27Or%C3%A9al) . [4] (#cite_note-4) In 2006, the supplement of French fashion magazine Vogue , Vogue Enfants , designated her "the most beautiful little girl in the world". [5] (#cite_note-5) She had her first photoshoot at seven years old with photographer Dani Brubaker (/w/index.php?title=Dani_Brubaker&action=edit&redlink=1) . [6] (#cite_note-6) She represented the French modelling agency (/wiki/Modelling_agency) success kids between 2005 and 2016. [7] (#cite_note-successmodels-7) When she was 10, [8] (#cite_note-8) Blondeau was involved in a controversy over the sexualisation of children in advertising and the media when she appeared in adult clothing and make-up for the Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) Paris supplement Vogue Enfants . [9] (#cite_note-huffington-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) At age 13, she appeared on the cover of the magazine Jalouse (/w/index.php?title=Jalouse_(magazine)&action=edit&redlink=1) [ fr (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalouse_(magazine)) ] . [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) In 2015, she signed with IMG Models (/wiki/IMG_Models) . [2] (#cite_note-models.com-2) She walked the runway for Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) . [2] (#cite_note-models.com-2) In 2016 Blondeau posed for Dani Brubaker again for Flaunt Magazine. [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) In 2017, she became a brand ambassador for L'Oreal Paris (/wiki/L%27Oreal_Paris) . [2] (#cite_note-models.com-2) She starred alongside Zendaya (/wiki/Zendaya) , Lucky Blue Smith (/wiki/Lucky_Blue_Smith) and Presley Gerber in the Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) millennial-themed spring/summer 2017 campaign. [2] (#cite_note-models.com-2) In 2018, she founded her own clothing brand, Heaven May. [17] (#cite_note-Today2014-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) [ non-primary source needed ] In December 2018, Thylane placed first in the annual "Independent Critics List of the 100 Most Beautiful Faces of 2018". It was her fifth consecutive appearance on the prestigious global list, having been 84th in 2014, 28th in 2015, fifth in 2016, second in 2017, and fourth in 2019. [19] (#cite_note-19) She is considered one of the shortest models, with a height of 5'6". [20] (#cite_note-20) Acting [ edit ] Blondeau made her acting debut playing the role of Gabriele in the film Belle & Sebastian: The Adventure Continues (/wiki/Belle_%26_Sebastian:_The_Adventure_Continues) (2015). Personal life [ edit ] In October 2021, Blondeau underwent successful surgery for removal of painful ovarian cysts (/wiki/Ovarian_cyst) . [21] (#cite_note-mirror-21) Filmography [ edit ] Title Year Role Director Notes Belle & Sebastian: The Adventure Continues (/wiki/Belle_%26_Sebastian:_The_Adventure_Continues) 2015 Gabrielle Christian Duguay (/wiki/Christian_Duguay_(director)) The Loneliest Boy in the World 2022 Elgar Martin Owen Uncredited Helvellyn Edge 2022 Joah Jordan References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-IMG_1-0) "Thylane Blondeau" (https://www.imgmodels.com/paris/women/429-thylane) . IMG Models . Retrieved 10 July 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Thylane Blondeau – Model" (https://models.com/models/thylane-blondeau) . MODELS.com . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Véronika Loubry et Patrick Blondeau: Les parents de Thylane se séparent !" (https://www.purepeople.com/article/veronika-loubry-et-patrick-blondeau-les-parents-de-thylane-se-separent_a182860/1) . www.purepeople.com (in French) . Retrieved 19 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Child Model Thylane Blondeau Covers Jalouse" (http://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/news/models/child-model-thylane-blondeau-covers-jalouse.htm) . Fashion Model Directory . 24 March 2014 . Retrieved 21 November 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Tortora, Francesco (2018). "Thylane Blondeau, l'ex bambina più bella del mondo, come è cambiata in 10 anni" (https://www.corriere.it/moda/news/cards/thylane-blondeau-l-ex-bambina-piu-bella-mondo-come-cambiata-10-anni/sfida-social_principale.shtml) . Corriere della Sera . Retrieved 29 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) https://luxurylaunches.com/celebrities/meet-french-model-thylane-blondeau.php (https://luxurylaunches.com/celebrities/meet-french-model-thylane-blondeau.php) ^ (#cite_ref-successmodels_7-0) "Thylane pour Flaunt Magazine Juillet 2016 \| Success Kids" (https://kids.successmodels.com/ados/prints-ados/111-thylane-pour-flaunt-magazine-juillet-2016/) . kids.successmodels.com . Retrieved 28 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Cayley, A.H. (6 August 2011). "Ten-Year-Old Thylane Blondeau Models for French Vogue" (http://www.pedestrian.tv/fashion/news/ten-year-old-thylane-blondeau-models-for-french-vo/49561.htm) . Pedestrian TV . Retrieved 10 August 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-huffington_9-0) Krupnick, Ellie (4 August 2011). "Thylane Loubry Blondeau, 10-Year-Old Model, Ignites Debate Over Sexualization of Young Girls" (https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/08/04/thylane-blondeau-10-year-old-model_n_918066.html) . HuffPost . Retrieved 9 August 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Dang, Vivian (29 August 2011). "Ten-year-old as sex symbol: Thylane Blondeau and the troubling choices of Vogue Enfant" (http://www.vancouverobserver.com/politics/commentary/2011/08/29/ten-year-old-sex-symbol-thylane-blondeau-and-troubling-choices-vogue) . Vancouver Observer . Retrieved 6 April 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Gallard, Pauline (25 March 2014). "Thylane Blondeau, graine de Kate Moss" (http://www.gala.fr/mode/les_stars_et_la_mode/thylane_blondeau_graine_de_kate_moss_312897) . Gala (/wiki/Gala_(magazine)) . ^ (#cite_ref-12) R., T. (25 March 2014). "Thylane Blondeau: la fille mannequin de Véronika Loubry en une de Jalouse!" (http://www.public.fr/Look/Toutes-les-news-look/Mode-Thylane-Blondeau-la-fille-mannequin-de-Veronika-Loubry-en-une-de-Jalouse-516307) . Public. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Laurelli, Mathilde (17 April 2014). "Thylane Blondeau, mannequin de 13 ans, pose en couverture du magazine Jalouse" (http://www.lexpress.fr/styles/mode/thylane-blondeau-mannequin-de-13-ans-pose-en-couverture-du-magazine-jalouse_1503052.html) . L'Express (/wiki/L%27Express) . ^ (#cite_ref-14) https://www.flaunt.com/blog/love-someone (https://www.flaunt.com/blog/love-someone) ^ (#cite_ref-15) https://www.fashiongonerogue.com/thylane-blondeau-flaunt-2016-photos/ (https://www.fashiongonerogue.com/thylane-blondeau-flaunt-2016-photos/) ^ (#cite_ref-16) https://models.com/work/flaunt-in-love-with-someone (https://models.com/work/flaunt-in-love-with-someone) ^ (#cite_ref-Today2014_17-0) Kyung Kim, Eun (25 March 2014). "Thylane Blondeau stirs controversy, again" (http://www.today.com/style/child-fashion-model-thylane-blondeau-raises-controversy-again-2D79433447) . Today . NBC . Retrieved 31 March 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Blondeau, Thylane. "Heaven May Clohing" (https://www.instagram.com/heavenmayclothing/) . Instagram . Instagram . Retrieved 21 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Independent Critics List of the 100 Most Beautiful Faces of 2018 . Retrieved 28 December 2018 – via YouTube. ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Thylane Blondeau In Bathing Suit Walks The Runway" (https://sqandal.com/10007326/thylane-blondeau-in-bathing-suit-walks-the-runway) . sqandal.com . 11 May 2022 . Retrieved 19 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-mirror_21-0) " (https://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/most-beautiful-girl-world-thylane-25240877) 'Most beautiful girl in the world' Thylane Blondeau undergoes surgery for ovarian cyst" (https://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/most-beautiful-girl-world-thylane-25240877) . The Daily Mirror (/wiki/Daily_Mirror) . 18 October 2021. External links [ edit ] Thylane Blondeau (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm7706860/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/8462149489178493810000) Artists MusicBrainz (https://musicbrainz.org/artist/dac5fae5-0cb9-47c6-bc4a-b7feabe9eb8a) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5c57c99494‐tlldw Cached time: 20240716042133 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.627 seconds Real time usage: 0.812 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3795/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 81663/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 8709/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 20/100 Expensive parser function count: 9/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 75793/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.426/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 11876639/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 770.330 1 -total 28.51% 219.613 1 Template:Infobox_model 24.86% 191.494 1 Template:Reflist 14.65% 112.849 2 Template:Ambox 14.49% 111.615 7 Template:Cite_web 11.60% 89.393 1 Template:Expand_Italian 10.90% 83.975 1 Template:Expand_language 10.77% 82.963 1 Template:Authority_control 9.43% 72.619 1 Template:Short_description 6.25% 48.179 1 Template:Infobox Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:32691595-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716042133 and revision id 1234788620. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thylane_Blondeau&oldid=1234788620 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thylane_Blondeau&oldid=1234788620) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) French female models (/wiki/Category:French_female_models) French child models (/wiki/Category:French_child_models) IMG Models models (/wiki/Category:IMG_Models_models) Hidden categories: CS1 French-language sources (fr) (/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Biography articles needing translation from Italian Wikipedia (/wiki/Category:Biography_articles_needing_translation_from_Italian_Wikipedia) Use dmy dates from October 2020 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_October_2020) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) BLP articles lacking sources from March 2018 (/wiki/Category:BLP_articles_lacking_sources_from_March_2018) All BLP articles lacking sources (/wiki/Category:All_BLP_articles_lacking_sources) All pages needing factual verification (/wiki/Category:All_pages_needing_factual_verification) Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from October 2020 (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_factual_verification_from_October_2020) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with MusicBrainz identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_MusicBrainz_identifiers) Year of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_(living_people))
Manel Torres is a Spanish fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_design) , and inventor of the spray-on fabric (/wiki/Spray-on_clothing) Fabrican (/wiki/Fabrican) . [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Torres was born in Barcelona; he moved to London where he obtained a Masters in Womenswear Design from the Royal College of Art (/wiki/Royal_College_of_Art) . Torres then moved to India where he worked in the fashion industry before returning to London to pursue his PhD at The Royal College of Art. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Judge, Lindsay (1 November 2022). "Meet Dr Manel Torres, Founder of Fabrican and Inventor of the World's First Spray-On Fabric" (https://aeworld.com/fashion/meet-dr-manel-torres-founder-of-fabrican-and-inventor-of-the-worlds-first-spray-on-fabric/) . A&E Magazine . Retrieved 30 December 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Mount, Ian (25 October 2022). "Inventor who sprayed on Bella Hadid's dress wants to clean up fashion" (https://fortune.com/2022/10/25/bella-hadid-spray-on-dress-fabrican-manel-torres-fashion-supply-chain/) . Fortune . Retrieved 30 December 2022 . This Spanish biographical article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manel_Torres&action=edit) . v t e This article about a fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manel_Torres&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐85f5b4c5d4‐68vs8 Cached time: 20240713145233 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.345 seconds Real time usage: 0.395 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 308/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 10907/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 124/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 16833/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.249/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2979668/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 360.464 1 -total 57.03% 205.558 1 Template:Reflist 47.77% 172.209 2 Template:Cite_web 41.47% 149.494 2 Template:Asbox 41.43% 149.333 1 Template:Spain-bio-stub 4.42% 15.927 1 Template:Bio_icon 3.74% 13.480 1 Template:Country_data_Spain 2.92% 10.536 1 Template:Bio_icon2 2.11% 7.591 1 Template:Str_number/trim 1.44% 5.190 1 Template:Fashion-designer-stub Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:72613690-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713145233 and revision id 1177494694. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manel_Torres&oldid=1177494694 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manel_Torres&oldid=1177494694) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 20th-century Spanish people (/wiki/Category:20th-century_Spanish_people) 21st-century Spanish people (/wiki/Category:21st-century_Spanish_people) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Spanish fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Spanish_fashion_designers) Alumni of the Royal College of Art (/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_the_Royal_College_of_Art) People from Barcelona (/wiki/Category:People_from_Barcelona) Spanish people stubs (/wiki/Category:Spanish_people_stubs) Fashion designer stubs (/wiki/Category:Fashion_designer_stubs) Hidden categories: Year of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_(living_people)) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
Traditional Czech knitted wool cap This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Zmijovka) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Zmijovka) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Zmijovka) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Zmijovka" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Zmijovka%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Zmijovka%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Zmijovka%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Zmijovka%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Zmijovka%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Zmijovka%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( April 2018 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article includes a list of references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) , related reading (/wiki/Wikipedia:Further_reading) , or external links (/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links) , but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations) . Please help improve (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fact_and_Reference_Check) this article by introducing (/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite) more precise citations. ( April 2018 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article is an orphan (/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan) , as no other articles link to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=Zmijovka&namespace=0) . Please introduce links (/wiki/Help:Link) to this page from related articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=Zmijovka&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=Zmijovka) ; try the Find link tool (https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=Zmijovka) for suggestions. ( January 2020 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Zmijovka The zmijovka (or zmijovec, in Slovakia (/wiki/Slovakia) known as budajka ) is a traditional Czech knitted wool cap with no bill, encircled with a cuff and topped by a small pom-pom. The crown of the cap is characterized by thin stripes radiating from the pom-pom at the centre. The most traditional colour scheme for a zmijovka (including for its pom-pom (/wiki/Pom-pom) ) is two-tone, with one of the colours being white and the other being black, brown, or red. Knitted into the cuff is a pattern in which smaller zig-zags (/wiki/Zig-zag) are predominated by a large central zig-zag. The zig-zag is quite angular and reminiscent of the pattern on the back of the common European viper (/wiki/Common_European_viper) called zmije in Czech. Therefore the hat is commonly called zmijovka ("the viper thing"), or less often hadovka from the more general Czech word for "snake" which is had . The zmijovka is said to have originated while what is now the Czech Republic was part of Austria-Hungary (/wiki/Austria-Hungary) . It was and is generally identified with rural life, and it has been most closely associated with perambulating butchers (especially those that visited farms to butcher hogs on site), innkeepers, fishmongers, and later truck drivers. In the Czech Republic, it is still sold in work-wear and uniform stores, as well as in hat stores. In recent years, the zmijovka has enjoyed a resurgence in popularity and notoriety. It has been featured on characters in a number of films, including the Oscar-nominated My Sweet Little Village (/wiki/My_Sweet_Little_Village) , and it has been seen on celebrities from punk folk accordionist Jim Čert (/w/index.php?title=Jim_%C4%8Cert&action=edit&redlink=1) to former prime minister Vladimir Špidla (/wiki/Vladimir_%C5%A0pidla) . It is available these days in many more colours than the most traditional ones, although it is almost always still two-tone in the Czech Republic. Its most spectacular growth in popularity, (sometimes attributed to its suitability where there are marked temperature differentials between day and night), has been in West Africa, especially in Senegal and Nigeria. There, psychedelic rainbow colour schemes have triumphed over two-tone traditionalism and have been a key aspect of Africans’ making the Zmijovka their own. In Slovakia, zmijovka is known under the popular name budajka, and it is viewed as one of symbols of Velvet Revolution (/wiki/Velvet_Revolution) , as it was worn in cold November days by one of leaders of revolution, Ján Budaj (/wiki/J%C3%A1n_Budaj) . [1] (#cite_note-1) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Symbol novembra 1989. Čiapka budajka aj po rokoch slúži svojmu majiteľovi" (https://www.aktuality.sk/clanok/308338/symbol-novembra-1989-ciapka-budajka-aj-po-rokoch-sluzi-svojmu-majitelovi/) . aktuality.sk (in Slovak). 17 November 2015 . Retrieved 8 November 2023 . "Legendární zmijovka se vrací do módy! Kde se vlastně vzala?" (https://tn.nova.cz/zpravodajstvi/clanek/321205-legendarni-zmijovka-se-vraci-do-mody-kde-se-vlastne-vzala) . TV Nova (Czech Republic) (/wiki/TV_Nova_(Czech_Republic)) (in Czech). 15 October 2015 . Retrieved 8 November 2023 . "Zmijovka a její historie!" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151016000059/http://starypaky.cz/2015/10/zmijovka-a-jeji-historie/) . starypaky.cz (in Czech). n.d. Archived from the original (http://starypaky.cz/2015/10/zmijovka-a-jeji-historie/) on 16 October 2015. "Zmijovky se vrací. Oblíbili si je hipsteři, do Afriky putují statisíce kusů" (https://www.idnes.cz/ekonomika/podniky/tonak-sazi-na-zmijovky-a-na-luxus.A160907_2271403_ekoakcie_neh) . idnes.cz (in Czech). 8 September 2016 . Retrieved 8 November 2023 . "Hats Off to the Viper" (https://web.archive.org/web/20210131130228/http://www.pragueartelstyleblog.com/shopping/hats-off-to-the-viper.aspx) . pragueartelstyleblog.com . 30 January 2014. Archived from the original (http://www.pragueartelstyleblog.com/shopping/hats-off-to-the-viper.aspx) on 31 January 2021. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐67d5b9488b‐g6ppk Cached time: 20240710190115 Cache expiry: 1832326 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.486 seconds Real time usage: 0.604 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 789/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 56805/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 13128/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 19/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 22330/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.330/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4489895/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 539.241 1 -total 58.54% 315.685 4 Template:Ambox 36.89% 198.945 1 Template:Multiple_issues 36.69% 197.850 5 Template:Cite_web 35.21% 189.849 1 Template:Reflist 20.98% 113.130 1 Template:Short_description 19.97% 107.713 1 Template:More_citations_needed 12.97% 69.921 2 Template:Pagetype 4.52% 24.349 5 Template:Main_other 4.16% 22.407 1 Template:Find_sources_mainspace Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:57052415-0!canonical and timestamp 20240710190115 and revision id 1185322616. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zmijovka&oldid=1185322616 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zmijovka&oldid=1185322616) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Culture of the Czech Republic (/wiki/Category:Culture_of_the_Czech_Republic) Hats (/wiki/Category:Hats) Hidden categories: CS1 Slovak-language sources (sk) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Slovak-language_sources_(sk)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles needing additional references from April 2018 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_April_2018) All articles needing additional references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references) Articles lacking in-text citations from April 2018 (/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_in-text_citations_from_April_2018) All articles lacking in-text citations (/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_in-text_citations) Orphaned articles from January 2020 (/wiki/Category:Orphaned_articles_from_January_2020) All orphaned articles (/wiki/Category:All_orphaned_articles) Articles with multiple maintenance issues (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_multiple_maintenance_issues) CS1 Czech-language sources (cs) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Czech-language_sources_(cs))
Israeli fashion designer Alon Livne אלון ליבנה Livne in 2017 Born 1984 or 1985 (age 38–39) Tel Aviv (/wiki/Tel_Aviv) , Israel Nationality Israeli (/wiki/Israelis) Education Fashion Design at Shenkar College of Art and Design (/wiki/Shenkar_College_of_Engineering,_Design_and_Art) Occupation Fashion designer Labels Alon Livné Alon Livné White Website alonlivne (https://alonlivne.com/) .com (https://alonlivne.com/) Alon Livne ( Hebrew (/wiki/Hebrew_language) : אלון ליבנה ) is an Israeli (/wiki/Israelis) fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_design) . Early and personal life [ edit ] Livne was born as an only child in Tel Aviv (/wiki/Tel_Aviv) to Jewish parents with an Egyptian background (/wiki/Egyptian_Jews) , his mother being a hairdresser (/wiki/Hairdresser) and his father a businessman (/wiki/Businessperson) . In 2009, he married his lifelong partner, architect Gil Ayalon. [1] (#cite_note-1) The couple live in Tel Aviv. Career [ edit ] Livne studied art (/wiki/Art) and sculpting (/wiki/Sculpture) at various art oriented high-schools and went on to the world-renowned Shenkar College of Art and Design (/wiki/Shenkar_College_of_Engineering,_Design_and_Art) to study Fashion Design at the age of 17, having already mastered the art of sewing (/wiki/Sewing) and patternmaking (/wiki/Pattern_(sewing)) . [2] (#cite_note-2) Livne started his career at fashion houses Roberto Cavalli (/wiki/Roberto_Cavalli_(company)) and Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen_(brand)) , before participating in the Israeli TV show Project Runway Israel (/wiki/Project_Runway_Israel) . Livne later started his own self-titled ready-to-wear (/wiki/Ready-to-wear) line, worn by celebrities such as Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) , Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) , [3] (#cite_note-3) Kim Kardashian (/wiki/Kim_Kardashian) [4] (#cite_note-4) and Paris Hilton (/wiki/Paris_Hilton) . [5] (#cite_note-5) In 2013, Livne showed his work at New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) for the first time, and showcased his works there until 2016. [6] (#cite_note-6) In May 2013, Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) commissioned Livne to design outfits for her The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour (/wiki/The_Mrs._Carter_Show_World_Tour) . [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) Livne's spring/summer 2017 collection was presented in Paris during the Paris Fashion Week (/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week) , [9] (#cite_note-9) marking the first time an Israeli brand was scheduled. It was mostly well received by the international press. [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) In May 2022, Livne collaborated with Styletech, an Israeli startup (/wiki/Startup_company) that creates strikingly realistic virtual models using automated AI technology. [12] (#cite_note-12) Alon Livné White [ edit ] Alon Livne's bridal line "Alon Livné White" is sold internationally. [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) A presentation of the collection is held bi-annually during Bridal Fashion Week in New York City. [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) The "Aria" gown by Alon Livne White See also [ edit ] Israeli fashion (/wiki/Israeli_fashion) Project Runway Israel (/wiki/Project_Runway_Israel) List of fashion designers (/wiki/List_of_fashion_designers) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Designer To Watch: Is Alon LivnÃ© The Next Big Thing?" (https://fashionweekdaily.com/designer-to-watch-is-alon-livna-the-next-big-thing/) . Daily Front Row . 2013-05-13 . Retrieved 2023-07-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "About us - Alon Livné Official Website" (https://alonlivne.com/about-us/) . 2016-08-23 . Retrieved 2023-07-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Supermodels Love Livne Designs - Times of Israel (https://www.timesofisrael.com/supermodel-love-for-livne-designs/) ^ (#cite_ref-4) Kim Kardashian in Alon Livne - Perez Hilton (http://perezhilton.com/cocoperez/2014-08-18-kim-kardashian-corn-rows-hype-energy-usa-commercial#.V8V19_krKUk) ^ (#cite_ref-5) Celebrities Gush About Designer Alon Livne - Times of Israel (https://www.timesofisrael.com/celebrities-gush-about-designer-alon-livne/) ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Alon Livne's page on the Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Website" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160810165041/http://mbfashionweek.com/designers/alon-livn) . Archived from the original (http://mbfashionweek.com/designers/alon-livn) on 2016-08-10 . Retrieved 2016-08-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Alon Livne on Beyonce's Tour - MTV (https://web.archive.org/web/20180818150626/http://www.mtv.com/news/2519216/beyonce-tour-alon-livne/) ^ (#cite_ref-8) Beyonce Goes Sabra with a Freakum Dress - Times of Israel (https://www.timesofisrael.com/beyonce-goes-sabra-with-a-freakum-dress/) ^ (#cite_ref-9) Official Paris Fashion Week Schedule - Modemonline (http://www.modemonline.com/fashion/fashion-weeks/spring-summer-2017/paris/women/fashion-shows/2016-10-01) ^ (#cite_ref-10) Alon Livne SS17 - Modemonline (http://www.modemonline.com/modem-mag/article/3882-alon-livnes-first-steps-atparis-women-fashion-week-ss17) ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Alon Livne SS17 - PEPLVM Magazine" (https://web.archive.org/web/20161117005549/http://peplvm-magazine.com/features/paris-alon-livne-ss17/) . Archived from the original (http://peplvm-magazine.com/features/paris-alon-livne-ss17/) on 2016-11-17 . Retrieved 2016-11-17 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Shemer, Simona (2022-04-19). "Fashion Designer Alon Livne Taps Israeli Startup To Create Hyperrealistic Virtual Model" (https://nocamels.com/2022/04/alon-livne-virtual-model-fashion/) . NoCamels . Retrieved 2023-07-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Alon Livne White" - The Knot (https://www.theknot.com/content/alon-livne-wedding-dresses-bridal-fashion-week-fall-2016) ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Alon Livne White" 2016 Runway - Brides Magazine (http://www.brides.com/wedding-dresses-style/bridal-runway-shows/2015/10/new-alon-livne-white-wedding-dresses-2016-fall#slide=1) ^ (#cite_ref-15) Alon Livne's work - Brides Magazine (http://www.brides.com/wedding-dresses-style/photos/alon-livne?primaryfacet=designer) ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Alon Livne White" - Vogue Paris (http://en.vogue.fr/wedding/runway-trends/diaporama/the-best-of-bridal-week-fall-2017/38056#la-collection-bridal-alon-livne-automne-2017) ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Alon Livne White" - Cosmopolitan (http://www.cosmopolitan.com/style-beauty/fashion/a5261528/alon-livne-white-2017-naked-wedding-dress/) ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Alon Livne White" 2017 Collection - Brides Magazine (http://www.bridesmagazine.co.uk/blog/2016/10/11/new-york-bridal-week-fall-2017-alon-livne-october-2016/gallery#!photo1) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7999cd8dc7‐n4vmq Cached time: 20240711004358 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.422 seconds Real time usage: 0.547 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2060/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 14415/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2113/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 28058/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.286/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 15763030/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 494.819 1 -total 56.71% 280.613 1 Template:Infobox_fashion_designer 23.79% 117.733 1 Template:Reflist 21.57% 106.750 1 Template:Lang 20.29% 100.405 5 Template:Cite_web 14.03% 69.432 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 13.90% 68.784 1 Template:Short_description 7.87% 38.956 2 Template:Pagetype 7.85% 38.819 1 Template:Hlist 7.69% 38.064 17 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:51452187-0!canonical and timestamp 20240711004358 and revision id 1231330211. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alon_Livne&oldid=1231330211 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alon_Livne&oldid=1231330211) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : High fashion brands (/wiki/Category:High_fashion_brands) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) 1980s births (/wiki/Category:1980s_births) Israeli fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Israeli_fashion_designers) 21st-century Israeli Jews (/wiki/Category:21st-century_Israeli_Jews) LGBT fashion designers (/wiki/Category:LGBT_fashion_designers) Reality show winners (/wiki/Category:Reality_show_winners) Project Runway (/wiki/Category:Project_Runway) 21st-century Israeli LGBT people (/wiki/Category:21st-century_Israeli_LGBT_people) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles containing Hebrew-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Hebrew-language_text) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Year of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_(living_people))
French businessman (1912–2003) Henry Racamier Born Henri Serge Racamier ( 1912-06-25 ) June 25, 1912 Pont-de-Roide, France Died April 1, 2003 (2003-04-01) (aged 90) Italy Alma mater HEC Paris (/wiki/HEC_Paris) Occupation(s) Industrialist, businessman Years active 1936-1990 Known for Co-founding LVMH Spouse Odile Vuitton Children 2 Henri Serge Racamier (June 25, 1912 – March 29, 2003) was a French industrialist and businessman. He was primarily known for co-founding the luxury conglomerate LVMH (/wiki/LVMH) and turning Louis Vuitton (/wiki/Louis_Vuitton) into an internationally recognized brand with billions of dollars in sales. [1] (#cite_note-1) Life [ edit ] Racamier was born in Pont-de-Roide-Vermondans (/wiki/Pont-de-Roide-Vermondans) in the Franche-Comté (/wiki/Franche-Comt%C3%A9) region of France (/wiki/France) . His youngest brother was psychiatrist and psychoanalyst Paul-Claude Racamier (/wiki/Paul-Claude_Racamier) . He was the son of an industrialist. After acquiring a business degree at HEC Paris (/wiki/HEC_Paris) , [2] (#cite_note-2) he started his career in the steel industry as he began to work for the Peugeot (/wiki/Peugeot) automotive factories in 1936. In 1946, he founded his own company, Stinox , which he sold to Thyssen (/wiki/ThyssenKrupp) in 1977. With the assets gained through the sale, he took over the reins at Louis Vuitton (/wiki/Louis_Vuitton) the same year. He began to change the business model substantially, and turned the then small leather goods shops, into an international network of company operated shops worldwide to sell the merchandise. In order to make the brand notable on an international scale, he started to sponsor top-of-the-range sporting events and created a new marketing strategy which would lead the brand to the top and be well known worldwide. In 1984, he took Louis Vuitton public at the stock exchange. In 1987, he merged Moet Hennessy (/wiki/Moet_Hennessy) and Louis Vuitton creating LVMH (/wiki/LVMH) . Between 1987 and 1990 he and Alain Chevalier (/wiki/Alain_Chevalier) , the other co-founder of the luxury group conducted an open war against Bernard Arnault (/wiki/Bernard_Arnault) who was taking over power; Arnault was successful and ejected Racamier from the company board by 1990. [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) After being forced out of LVMH, Racamier, used a family holding company Orcofi , to join the French banking group Paribas (/wiki/BNP_Paribas) and L'Oréal (/wiki/L%27Or%C3%A9al) in order to take part in a M&A (/wiki/M%26A) deal and acquire the fashion house Lanvin (/wiki/Lanvin) . It was thought by branch insiders that he would form another competitor to LVMH, instead he turned to sailing and music. He was a major patron and philanthropist to the Opéra National de Paris (/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_National_de_Paris) . Racamier was also a noted sponsor of international sailing competitions and in 2019 was posthumously inducted into the America's Cup Hall of Fame (/wiki/America%27s_Cup_Hall_of_Fame) . [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) Family [ edit ] In 1943, he married Odile Madeleine Andrée (née Vuitton (/wiki/Vuitton) ; 1921–2019), [7] (#cite_note-7) a great-granddaughter of the company founder Louis Vuitton (/wiki/Louis_Vuitton_(designer)) . They had two daughters, [8] (#cite_note-8) Caroline Bentz (née Racamier) and Laurence Fontaine (née Racamier). References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Tagliabue, John (April 1, 2003). "Henry Racamier Dies at 90; Revitalized Louis Vuitton" (https://www.nytimes.com/2003/04/01/business/henry-racamier-dies-at-90-revitalized-louis-vuitton.html) – via NYTimes.com. ^ (#cite_ref-2) Disparition d'Henry Racamier, l'un des fondateurs de LVMH (https://www.lesechos.fr/2003/04/disparition-dhenry-racamier-lun-des-fondateurs-de-lvmh-1057968) ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Disparition d'Henry Racamier, l'un des fondateurs de LVMH" (https://www.lesechos.fr/2003/04/disparition-dhenry-racamier-lun-des-fondateurs-de-lvmh-1057968) . Les Echos . April 1, 2003. ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Henry Racamier" (https://www-economist-com.translate.goog/obituary/2003/04/10/henry-racamier?_x_tr_sl=fr&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-US&_x_tr_pto=sc) . April 10, 2003 – via The Economist. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Guthrie, Julian (July 6, 2013). "How the Louis Vuitton Cup changed the sport" (https://www.sfgate.com/sports/article/How-the-Louis-Vuitton-Cup-changed-the-sport-4649445.php) . SFGATE . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "America's Cup Hall of Fame selects 2019 Inductees >> Scuttlebutt Sailing News" (http://www.sailingscuttlebutt.com/2019/07/14/americas-cup-hall-of-fame-selects-2019-inductees/) . Scuttlebutt Sailing News . July 14, 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Death Odile Madeleine Andrée Racamier" (https://www.openarch.nl/ins:0c37ce78-10e4-e068-4b55-33229cec51a0/en) . openarchives.nl (sourced from French National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies INSEE) . Retrieved 2022-12-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Tagliabue, John (2003-04-01). "Henry Racamier Dies at 90" (https://www.nytimes.com/2003/04/01/business/henry-racamier-dies-at-90-revitalized-louis-vuitton.html#:~:text=Racamier%20is%20survived%20by%20his,Caroline%20Bentz%20and%20Laurence%20Fontaine.) . Archive of the New York Times . Retrieved 2022-12-11 . This article needs additional or more specific categories (/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization) . Please help out (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry_Racamier&action=edit) by adding categories (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#How_do_I_add_an_article_to_a_category?) to it so that it can be listed with similar articles. ( December 2021 ) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/195875941) National France (https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12161868x) BnF data (https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12161868x) Other IdRef (https://www.idref.fr/030143845) This French business–related biographical article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry_Racamier&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐jhwhk Cached time: 20240712174510 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.468 seconds Real time usage: 0.594 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2048/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 27882/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1221/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 38259/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.334/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6204322/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 560.857 1 -total 29.31% 164.371 1 Template:Infobox_person 21.72% 121.829 1 Template:Reflist 18.78% 105.355 7 Template:Cite_web 18.28% 102.524 1 Template:Authority_control 13.76% 77.162 1 Template:Short_description 9.42% 52.831 1 Template:Improve_categories 8.59% 48.184 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 8.42% 47.251 1 Template:Ambox 8.41% 47.164 16 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:69610976-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712174510 and revision id 1231417404. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry_Racamier&oldid=1231417404 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry_Racamier&oldid=1231417404) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : French industrialists (/wiki/Category:French_industrialists) HEC Paris alumni (/wiki/Category:HEC_Paris_alumni) 1912 births (/wiki/Category:1912_births) 2003 deaths (/wiki/Category:2003_deaths) LVMH (/wiki/Category:LVMH) French business biography stubs (/wiki/Category:French_business_biography_stubs) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles needing additional categories from December 2021 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_categories_from_December_2021) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with BNF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNF_identifiers) Articles with BNFdata identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_BNFdata_identifiers) Articles with SUDOC identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_SUDOC_identifiers) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
Traditional Afghan clothing worn by men in Afghanistan and Pakistan Perahan tunban ( Persian (/wiki/Persian_language) / Pashto (/wiki/Pashto_language) : پیراهن و تنبان , pērāhan wa tunbān ), also known as Peran o Tunban , is a garment worn by men in Afghanistan (/wiki/Afghanistan) and in some parts of Pakistan (/wiki/Pakistan) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Design [ edit ] Traditional [ edit ] Perahan and Tunban [ edit ] The perahan (the upper garment) is wide and loose with the sleeves also worn loose and pendent from the arms. [2] (#cite_note-auto-2) The traditional perahan varies according to the region of Afghanistan (/wiki/Afghanistan) with some ending at the knees and others midway between the calf and the feet (in which case small slits are created). [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) The traditional perahan also buttons on either shoulder, is collarless [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) and is meant to be loose. [8] (#cite_note-8) Further, the traditional perahan is wide but fits closer to the body down to the waist and then is loose and full down to the knees [9] (#cite_note-9) (thereby flaring out). The tunban (lower garment) is worn loose and hanging. Some versions of the tunban have the ample folds gathered into plaits at the lower part of the legs, below the knees to the ankles and the loose part above overhangs in loops. [2] (#cite_note-auto-2) The tunban therefore uses a lot of material so that it gathers around the waist and folds around the legs. The design of dress in Afghanistan is unique due to some embroidery on the chest or down the collar as well as around the two sides of collar’s buttons which adds a unique look to the dress. The dress is usually of made cotton and polyester, but it can be also made out of woolly fabric for winter. The length of the dress is to the knee and the wearer has the option of choosing the lower part to be in circle or square in design. [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) Group of men of Afghanistan in traditional Perahan tunban Men wearing traditional Perahan worn in Southern Afghanistan (/wiki/Afghanistan) (1842) 'Group of children sitting in a row' men and boys in perahan tunban Afghan cavalry during 1839-42 Modern version [ edit ] The modern Perahan tunban retains some of the loose features of the traditional Perahan tunban but is similar to the straight cut shalwar kameez (/wiki/Shalwar_kameez) . Some styles also have the buttons open at the front. The modern Perahan uses side slits. However, unlike the straight cut kameez, the sides of the perahan are cut like an arch. [12] (#cite_note-12) The tunban can be a yard wide. [13] (#cite_note-13) Clothing worn by most Pashtun males in Afghanistan (/wiki/Afghanistan) and most males in Pakistan (/wiki/Pakistan) Man in Afghan clothing: Perahan tunban Men wearing perahan tunban in the southern city of Kandahar (/wiki/Kandahar) Men wearing Perahan tunban, form of shalwar kameez at Kabul Airport (/wiki/Kabul_International_Airport) in Afghanistan (/wiki/Afghanistan) Pasztun - Qajsār - 001621s Kandahari Style [ edit ] The popular embroidered perahan tunban for men is the type worn in Kandahar. The perahan is embroidered in traditional design and the tunban is left plain. This style is believed the most stylish for modern fashion. [14] (#cite_note-14) The men's perahan is finely embroidered in varied geometric patterns. [15] (#cite_note-15) Kandahari doozi Herati Style [ edit ] Another popular embroidery style is the Herati Style. Often known as Herati Yakhan Dozi. See also [ edit ] Khet partug (/wiki/Khet_partug) Pashtun clothing (/wiki/Pashtun_clothing) Pathani suit (/wiki/Pathani_suit) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Charpentier, Carl-Johan (1972) Bazaar-e Tashqurghan--ethnographical studies in an Afghan traditional bazaar [1] (https://books.google.com/books?id=PA1uAAAAMAAJ&q=perhantom) ^ a b Bellew, Henry Walter (1862) Journal of a political mission to Afghanistan, in 1857 [2] (https://books.google.com/books?id=JDYBAAAAQAAJ&q=dress&pg=PR5) ^ (#cite_ref-3) Elphinstone, Mountstuart (1815) An Account of the Kingdom of Caubul, and Its Dependencies in Persia, Tartary, and India: Comprising a View of the Afghaun Nation, and a History of the Dooraunee Monarchy [3] (https://books.google.com/books?id=FOc-AAAAYAAJ&q=dress) ^ (#cite_ref-4) "The Culture of Afghanistan" (https://www.hilalplaza.com/blogs/islamic-cultures/123280131-the-culture-of-afghanistan) . HilalPlaza.com . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Willem V Ogelsang (2007-2009) What Afghan Men Used to Wear in the Early Nineteenth Century [4] (https://www.academia.edu/4395811/What_Afghan_men_used_to_wear_in_the_early_nineteenth_century._The_Right_Honourable_Mountstuart_Elphinstone_and_his_Account_of_the_Kingdom_of_Caubul) ^ (#cite_ref-6) "CLOTHING xiii. Clothing in Afghanistan – Encyclopaedia Iranica" (http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/clothing-xiii) . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Yar-Shater, Ehsan (1982). Encyclopaedia Iranica . Routledge & Kegan Paul. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780710090904 – via Google Books. ^ (#cite_ref-8) Charpentier, Carl-Johan (1972) Bazaar-e Tashqurghan--ethnographical studies in an Afghan traditional bazaar [5] (https://books.google.com/books?id=PA1uAAAAMAAJ&q=perhan+tomban) ^ (#cite_ref-9) Elphinstone, Mountstuart (1842) An account of the kingdom of Caubul, and its dependencies, in Persia, Tartary, and India (1842) [6] (http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1157&context=afghanenglish) ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Perahan Tunban 'Mens clothes' (http://www.afghanistan-culture.com/perahan-tunban.html) " (http://www.afghanistan-culture.com/perahan-tunban.html) . afghanistan-culture.com . Retrieved 27 March 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Emadi, Hafizullah (December 31, 2005). Culture and Customs of Afghanistan . Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780313330896 – via Google Books. ^ (#cite_ref-12) Weaver, John (2002) Inside Afghanistan: An American Aide Worker's Mission of Mercy to a War-Torn People [7] (https://books.google.com/books?id=2wKVoe1zSLoC&dq=afghan+clothing&pg=PT58) ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Untitled Document" (http://www.public.asu.edu/~apnilsen/afghanistan4kids/clothing.html) . www.public.asu.edu . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Paine, Sheila (December 31, 2006). Embroidery from Afghanistan . British Museum Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780714125749 – via Google Books. ^ (#cite_ref-15) Paine, Sheila (2008) Embroidered Textiles A World Guide to Traditional Patterns [8] (http://www.annatextiles.ch/book_rev/rev2008/r3012shpain/r3012shp.htm) v t e Afghan clothing (/wiki/Afghan_clothing) Clothes Burqa (/wiki/Burqa) Chapan (/wiki/Chapan) Karakul (hat) (/wiki/Karakul_(hat)) Khet partug (/wiki/Khet_partug) Pakol (/wiki/Pakol) Pashtun clothing (/wiki/Pashtun_clothing) Perahan tunban (/wiki/Perahan_tunban) Firaq partug (/wiki/Firaq_partug) Taqiyah (cap) (/wiki/Taqiyah_(cap)) Stitching and design Balochi needlework (/wiki/Balochi_needlework) Zardozi (/wiki/Zardozi) Category:Afghan clothing (/wiki/Category:Afghan_clothing) v t e Khyber Pakhtunkhwa clothing (/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa_clothing) Burqa (/wiki/Burqa) Chapan (/wiki/Chapan) Karakul (hat) (/wiki/Karakul_(hat)) Khet partug (/wiki/Khet_partug) Pakol (/wiki/Pakol) Pashtun clothing (/wiki/Pashtun_clothing) Perahan tunban (/wiki/Perahan_tunban) Firaq partug (/wiki/Firaq_partug) Taqiyah (cap) (/wiki/Taqiyah_(cap)) Peshawari turban (pagri) (/wiki/Peshawari_turban) Peshawari chappal (/wiki/Peshawari_chappal) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5c57c99494‐5b77r Cached time: 20240716052648 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.350 seconds Real time usage: 0.453 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 723/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 21811/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 884/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 59605/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.238/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 15016013/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 426.253 1 -total 35.09% 149.576 1 Template:Reflist 25.54% 108.885 4 Template:Cite_web 20.48% 87.283 2 Template:Navbox 20.24% 86.271 1 Template:Afghan_clothing 19.21% 81.869 1 Template:Lang-ps 15.20% 64.804 1 Template:Short_description 8.64% 36.841 2 Template:Pagetype 4.10% 17.469 3 Template:Main_other 3.56% 15.170 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:44534027-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716052648 and revision id 1219341694. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perahan_o_tunban&oldid=1219341694 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perahan_o_tunban&oldid=1219341694) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Afghan clothing (/wiki/Category:Afghan_clothing) Pashtun culture (/wiki/Category:Pashtun_culture) Pakistani clothing (/wiki/Category:Pakistani_clothing) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles containing Pashto-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Pashto-language_text)
Danish businessman (1928-2004) Karl Toosbuy Born Karl-Heinz Werner Toosbuy ( 1928-02-23 ) 23 February 1928 Holte (/wiki/Holte) , Denmark Died 8 June 2004 (2004-06-08) (aged 76) Known for Owner and founder of ECCO (/wiki/ECCO) Spouse Birte Toosbuy Children Hanni Toosbuy Kasprzak (/wiki/Hanni_Toosbuy_Kasprzak) Karl-Heinz Werner Toosbuy (23 February 1928 – 8 June 2004) was a Danish businessman, the founder and owner of ECCO (/wiki/ECCO) , the Danish shoe company. Karl Toosbuy trained as a shoemaker and by his early 30s, was running a Copenhagen (/wiki/Copenhagen) factory. In 1963, he moved with his wife Birte and daughter Hanni to Bredebro (/wiki/Bredebro) on the west coast of Denmark, just north of the German border. Toosbuy started ECCO in what had been an empty factory. [1] (#cite_note-ecco-1) He died on 8 June 2004. [2] (#cite_note-leathermag-2) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-ecco_1-0) "ECCO.com" (http://global.ecco.com/en/company/heritage) . global.ecco.com . Retrieved 2016-09-10 . ^ (#cite_ref-leathermag_2-0) "Karl Toosbuy dies - Leather International" (http://www.leathermag.com/features/featurekarl-toosbuy-dies/) . leathermag.com . Retrieved 2016-09-10 . Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/307281480) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5b8f7f4b65‐b6nch Cached time: 20240623162235 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.333 seconds Real time usage: 0.455 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1736/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 10066/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1135/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 13905/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.228/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4946541/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 438.793 1 -total 35.16% 154.291 1 Template:Infobox_person 25.78% 113.112 1 Template:Reflist 22.40% 98.310 2 Template:Cite_web 19.59% 85.947 1 Template:Authority_control 18.56% 81.430 1 Template:Short_description 11.58% 50.797 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 9.79% 42.975 2 Template:Pagetype 9.51% 41.745 16 Template:Main_other 6.79% 29.813 1 Template:Birth_date Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:49973374-0!canonical and timestamp 20240623162235 and revision id 1142996680. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karl_Toosbuy&oldid=1142996680 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karl_Toosbuy&oldid=1142996680) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1928 births (/wiki/Category:1928_births) 2004 deaths (/wiki/Category:2004_deaths) Danish billionaires (/wiki/Category:Danish_billionaires) 20th-century Danish businesspeople (/wiki/Category:20th-century_Danish_businesspeople) 21st-century Danish businesspeople (/wiki/Category:21st-century_Danish_businesspeople) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers)
British makeup artist Ruby Hammer MBE (/wiki/Member_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire) Hammer in 2019 Born ( 1961-12-10 ) 10 December 1961 (age 62) Jos (/wiki/Jos) , Nigeria Nationality British Education BA (Hons) (/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts) Economics Alma mater City University London (/wiki/City_University_London) Occupation(s) Fashion and beauty makeup artist (/wiki/Make-up_artist) , entrepreneur, columnist Years active 1990–present Agent Angeli & Co Known for Co-founder of Ruby & Millie cosmetics brand Spouses George Hammer (/wiki/George_Hammer) ( m. 1985; div. 1999) Martin Kuczmarski ( m. 2009) Partner(s) Martin Kuczmarski (2004–2009) Children 1 Website www (http://www.rubyhammer.com/) .rubyhammer (http://www.rubyhammer.com/) .com (http://www.rubyhammer.com/) Ruby Hammer MBE (/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire) is a makeup artist and a fashion and beauty entrepreneur (/wiki/Entrepreneurship) . She was awarded an MBE in 2007 for her long-standing contribution to the cosmetics industry. Early life [ edit ] Hammer was born to Bangladeshi parents in Jos (/wiki/Jos) , Nigeria (/wiki/Nigeria) , [1] (#cite_note-swadhinata-1) her father was a doctor. [2] (#cite_note-femaleentrepreneurassociation-2) She emigrated with her family to Britain (/wiki/Great_Britain) at the age of 12. Her parents intended to return to Bangladesh (known as East Pakistan (/wiki/East_Pakistan) at the time), but the Bangladesh Liberation War (/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War) broke out there while they were on holiday in England in 1971. [1] (#cite_note-swadhinata-1) In 1984, Hammer graduated with a BA (Hons) (/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts) in economics from City University London (/wiki/City_University_London) . [3] (#cite_note-womenseverything-3) Career [ edit ] Hammer's first work with makeup artistry was assisting at London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) . After realizing that she could make a living from her hobby, Hammer went on to do the makeup of runway models for designers including John Galliano (/wiki/John_Galliano) and Jasper Conran (/wiki/Jasper_Conran) . Hammer has worked as a makeup artist on models and celebrities including Sharon Stone (/wiki/Sharon_Stone) , Kate Moss (/wiki/Kate_Moss) , Rosie Huntington-Whiteley (/wiki/Rosie_Huntington-Whiteley) , Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) , Cindy Crawford (/wiki/Cindy_Crawford) , Helena Christensen (/wiki/Helena_Christensen) , Caroline Winberg (/wiki/Caroline_Winberg) , Elle MacPherson (/wiki/Elle_Macpherson) , Alessandra Ambrosia (/wiki/Alessandra_Ambrosio) , Tyra Banks (/wiki/Tyra_Banks) , Poppy Delevingne (/wiki/Poppy_Delevingne) , Cat Deeley (/wiki/Cat_Deeley) , Meghan Markle (/wiki/Meghan,_Duchess_of_Sussex) , Rita Wilson (/wiki/Rita_Wilson) and Tom Hanks (/wiki/Tom_Hanks) . She has also styled the cosmetics looks for the covers of Red Magazine (/wiki/Red_(magazine)) , Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) , Tatler (/wiki/Tatler) , Easy Living, Harper's Baazar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) , You and Stella, and Sunday Times Style (/wiki/The_Sunday_Times) . [4] (#cite_note-4) Hammer has worked on advertising campaigns and television commercials for international brands such as Oil of Olay (/wiki/Olay) , Pantene (/wiki/Pantene) and Head & Shoulders (/wiki/Head_%26_Shoulders) . She has been asked to launch products, advise on new looks and train personnel for Estee Lauder (/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies) , Clarins (/wiki/Clarins) , Clinique (/wiki/Clinique) , Aveda (/wiki/Aveda) and Revlon (/wiki/Revlon) . [5] (#cite_note-thetrustedbeautyguide-5) Hammer's television credits include The Clothes Show , BBC Style Challenge , Britain's Next Top Model (/wiki/Britain_%26_Ireland%27s_Next_Top_Model) , GMTV (/wiki/GMTV) , This Morning (/wiki/This_Morning_(TV_series)) , Beautification and 10 Years Younger (/wiki/10_Years_Younger_(UK)) , where she was the resident makeup artist for 3 series. [5] (#cite_note-thetrustedbeautyguide-5) In 1998, Hammer teamed up with beauty publicist Millie Kendall to create the Ruby & Millie cosmetics brand, sold exclusively in Boots (/wiki/Boots_UK) pharmacies, nationwide. [6] (#cite_note-How_to_Make_a_Million_Before_Lunch-6) [5] (#cite_note-thetrustedbeautyguide-5) It was the first major UK cosmetics brand to launch in 30 years. [ citation needed ] In August 1998, the first Ruby & Millie location was opened in Harvey Nichols (/wiki/Harvey_Nichols) in Leeds and London. [7] (#cite_note-redhotcurry-7) In December 2009, Ruby & Millie launched the teen cosmetics range Scarlett and Crimson. [8] (#cite_note-fashaddictblog-8) In September 2011, Hammer launched the cosmetics beauty gifting range "Ruby Hammer Recommends" exclusive to Debenhams (/wiki/Debenhams) . [9] (#cite_note-glamuk-9) In August 2019, Hammer launched her capsule collection of beauty essentials [10] (#cite_note-10) which led to the industry nominations of 'Best Newcomer' Vogue Magazine, and Best Expert-Led Beauty Brand. Sunday Times Style. [ citation needed ] Awards and recognition [ edit ] In December 2002, at the launch of the British Asian Fashion Awards held at The Clothes Show (/wiki/The_Clothes_Show) , Hammer received an "Outstanding Individuals Award," which pays tribute to an individual or group who has made a significant contribution to the British Asian (/wiki/British_Asian) or mainstream fashion industry. [11] (#cite_note-britbangla-11) In 2007, Hammer was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (/wiki/Member_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire) (MBE) in the 2007 New Year Honours (/wiki/2007_New_Year_Honours) for her contribution to the cosmetics industry. [3] (#cite_note-womenseverything-3) In November 2013 she was nominated for the #EightWomen Awards. [12] (#cite_note-mediadiversified-12) Personal life [ edit ] Ruby lives in London, [13] (#cite_note-Time_Out_London_Shopping_Guide-13) with her husband Martin Kuczmarski. She has a daughter, who also works in the beauty industry, and one grandchild She can speak fluent English, Bengali (/wiki/Bengali_language) , Hausa (/wiki/Hausa_language) and Hindi (/wiki/Hindi_languages) . [7] (#cite_note-redhotcurry-7) Books [ edit ] Hammer, Ruby; Kendall, Millie. (2000). Face Up: The Essential Make-up Handbook . Ebury Publishing (/wiki/Ebury_Publishing) . 978-0091874759 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0091874759) . See also [ edit ] British Bangladeshi (/wiki/British_Bangladeshi) Business of British Bangladeshis (/wiki/Business_of_British_Bangladeshis) List of British Bangladeshis (/wiki/List_of_British_Bangladeshis) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "Ruby Hammer MBE" (http://www.swadhinata.org.uk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=72&Itemid=98) . Swadhinata Trust. 1999 . Retrieved 1 May 2012 . Ruby Hammer ^ (#cite_ref-femaleentrepreneurassociation_2-0) "From International Makeup Artist to Successful Entrepreneur – Ruby Hammer Shares Her Inspirational Story" (http://femaleentrepreneurassociation.com/magazine/from-international-makeup-artist-to-successful-entrepreneur-ruby-hammer-shares-her-inspirational-story/) . Female Entrepreneur Association. 24 October 2011 . Retrieved 1 May 2012 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Interview with Ruby Hammer – International Make-Up Artist" (http://www.womenseverything.com/ruby-hammer-c599.html) . Womens Everything . Retrieved 1 May 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Clients \| Ruby Hammer" (https://rubyhammermakeupartist.com/portfolio/clients/) . Retrieved 28 November 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Ruby Hammer – Eyes" (http://www.thetrustedbeautyguide.co.uk/#/ruby-eyes/4533901282) . The Trusted Beauty Guide . Retrieved 1 May 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-How_to_Make_a_Million_Before_Lunch_6-0) Bridge, Rachel (2010). How to Make a Million Before Lunch . Virgin Books (/wiki/Virgin_Books) . p. 163. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0753539576 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Asian Women of Achievement Awards 2004 Finalists" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120512151333/http://redhotcurry.com/news/2004/awa2004_shortlist.htm) . Red Hot Curry. 20 February 2004. Archived from the original (http://www.redhotcurry.com/news/2004/awa2004_shortlist.htm) on 12 May 2012 . Retrieved 1 May 2012 . Ruby Hammer ^ (#cite_ref-fashaddictblog_8-0) "Ruby and Millie 'Scarlett and Crimson' Launch" (http://www.fashaddictblog.co.uk/?p=1913) . In Publishing. 15 December 2009 . Retrieved 1 May 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-glamuk_9-0) Sewell, Cate (28 July 2011). "Ruby Hammer Launches Exclusive Range With Debenhams" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110819094510/http://glam.co.uk/2011/07/ruby-hammer-launches-exclusive-range-with-debenhams/) . Glam UK. Archived from the original (http://glam.co.uk/2011/07/ruby-hammer-launches-exclusive-range-with-debenhams/) on 19 August 2011 . Retrieved 1 May 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Coates, Hannah (22 August 2019). "Why This Ingenious New Brush Gadget Is A Make-Up Bag Must-Have" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/beauty/article/ruby-hammer-magnetic-brush-set) . British Vogue . ^ (#cite_ref-britbangla_11-0) "British Bengali Success Stories" (http://www.britbangla.net/successprofiles.html#ruby) . BritBangla. 2003 . Retrieved 1 May 2012 . Ruby Hammer ^ (#cite_ref-mediadiversified_12-0) "#EightWomen Awards 2013" (http://www.mediadiversified.org/eightwomen/) . Media Diversified. November 2013 . Retrieved 1 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-Time_Out_London_Shopping_Guide_13-0) Atkins, Ismay (2005). Time Out London Shopping Guide . Time Out Guides Limited. p. 6. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780903446679 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.rubyhammer.com/) Ruby Hammer (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2469497/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Hammer and Kendall website (http://www.hammerandkendall.com/) Scarlett and Crimson website (http://www.scarlettandcrimson.com/) Fox, Imogen. SHOPPING WITH... RUBY HAMMER: Frocks, flowers and a whole lot of brushes (https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/shopping-with-ruby-hammer-frocks-flowers-and-a-whole-lot-of-brushes-1179022.html) . The Independent (/wiki/The_Independent) . 18 October 1998 Interview: Ruby Hammer (http://www.femalefirst.co.uk/lifestyle-fashion/stylebeauty/Ruby+Hammer-8673.html) . Female First . 26 May 2009 Carly. Ruby Hammer Interview (http://www.nonstopmama.com/ruby-hammer-interview) . Non Stop Mama . 5 November 2009 Exclusive Interview with Ruby Hammer (http://www.beautysauce.com/2012/01/an-interview-with-ruby-hammer/) . Beauty Sauce . 31 January 2012 Ruby Hammer Interview (http://www.talktalk.co.uk/lifestyle/women/features/ruby-hammer.html) . TalkTalk (/wiki/TalkTalk_Business) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/4431417) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nb99145587) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐rj4ts Cached time: 20240719215246 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.561 seconds Real time usage: 0.925 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3939/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 44045/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 8978/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 25/100 Expensive parser function count: 8/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 59067/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.334/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 9075239/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 690.487 1 -total 33.99% 234.694 1 Template:Infobox_person 18.23% 125.910 1 Template:Reflist 15.53% 107.209 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 12.42% 85.747 1 Template:Authority_control 12.18% 84.128 1 Template:Short_description 11.99% 82.772 1 Template:Plainlist 10.70% 73.853 2 Template:Marriage 9.93% 68.598 5 Template:Cite_news 7.54% 52.039 1 Template:ISBNT Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:35691595-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719215246 and revision id 1224591756. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ruby_Hammer&oldid=1224591756 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ruby_Hammer&oldid=1224591756) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1961 births (/wiki/Category:1961_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Nigerian people of Bangladeshi descent (/wiki/Category:Nigerian_people_of_Bangladeshi_descent) British people of Bangladeshi descent (/wiki/Category:British_people_of_Bangladeshi_descent) Nigerian emigrants to the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Nigerian_emigrants_to_the_United_Kingdom) British make-up artists (/wiki/Category:British_make-up_artists) British cosmetics businesspeople (/wiki/Category:British_cosmetics_businesspeople) British women in business (/wiki/Category:British_women_in_business) British columnists (/wiki/Category:British_columnists) British Asian writers (/wiki/Category:British_Asian_writers) 21st-century British writers (/wiki/Category:21st-century_British_writers) 21st-century British women writers (/wiki/Category:21st-century_British_women_writers) Businesspeople from London (/wiki/Category:Businesspeople_from_London) Writers from the City of Westminster (/wiki/Category:Writers_from_the_City_of_Westminster) People from Maida Vale (/wiki/Category:People_from_Maida_Vale) Alumni of City, University of London (/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_City,_University_of_London) Bangladeshi Members of the Order of the British Empire (/wiki/Category:Bangladeshi_Members_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire) British women columnists (/wiki/Category:British_women_columnists) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) EngvarB from September 2014 (/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_September_2014) Use dmy dates from September 2014 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_September_2014) Pages using infobox person with multiple partners (/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_person_with_multiple_partners) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from April 2023 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_April_2023) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with LCCN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers)
For other uses of "Beaverbrook", see Beaverbrook (disambiguation) (/wiki/Beaverbrook_(disambiguation)) . This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Beaverbrooks) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Beaverbrooks" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Beaverbrooks%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Beaverbrooks%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Beaverbrooks%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Beaverbrooks%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Beaverbrooks%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Beaverbrooks%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( March 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Beaverbrooks the Jewellers Beaverbrooks on Commercial Street (/wiki/Commercial_Street,_Leeds) in Leeds (/wiki/Leeds) . Company type Private Industry Retail (/wiki/Retail) Founded 1919 Founder Isaac, Harry and Maurice Adlestone Headquarters St Annes on Sea (/wiki/St_Annes_on_Sea) , UK (/wiki/United_Kingdom) Number of locations 80 Key people Anna Blackburn - Managing Director, Mark Adlestone - Chairman Products Jewellery (/wiki/Jewellery) Number of employees 950 Website www (https://www.beaverbrooks.co.uk) .beaverbrooks (https://www.beaverbrooks.co.uk) .co (https://www.beaverbrooks.co.uk) .uk (https://www.beaverbrooks.co.uk) Beaverbrooks is a British jeweller (/wiki/Jeweller) . Established in 1919, with the opening of its first store in Belfast (/wiki/Belfast) and still a family-owned business, with direct descendants of the founders, (the third and fourth generations of the Adlestone family), the custodians. The current Managing Director Anna Blackburn has worked for Beaverbrooks for 21 years, starting her career working in the Trafford branch and working her way up the ranks. She was appointed CEO in September 2013, becoming not only the first female CEO of the company but the first non-family CEO in the company's history. In 2018, Anna was appointed managing director, becoming only the second-ever non-family member to sit on the board. Awards and recognition [ edit ] In 2009,Beaverbrooks staff were identified as the most content in the country, according to the Sunday Times (/wiki/Sunday_Times) , with the company topping the newspaper's annual rankings of the ‘100 Best Companies to Work For’ in that year. They've appeared in the list for 17 consecutive years. In 2020, they were named the 9th Best Company To Work For and Best Place To Work at the Retail Week Awards. 1st in the Sunday Times' 'Best Companies to Work for' 2009 [1] (#cite_note-1) Best Workplace in Europe 2008 [2] (#cite_note-2) UK Jewellery Awards- Multiple Retailer of the Year, Retail Employer of the Year [3] (#cite_note-3) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) [1] (http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/career_and_jobs/best_100_companies/article5701536.ece) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20110611223357/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/career_and_jobs/best_100_companies/article5701536.ece) June 11, 2011, at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-2) "About Us - Beaverbrooks the Jewellers" (https://web.archive.org/web/20050110224741/http://www.beaverbrooks.co.uk/index.cfm?event=showAboutUs) . Beaverbrooks.co.uk. Archived from the original (http://www.beaverbrooks.co.uk/index.cfm?event=showAboutUs) on 10 January 2005 . Retrieved 4 August 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "News - Beaverbrooks the Jewellers" (https://web.archive.org/web/20101005082703/http://beaverbrooks.co.uk/index.cfm?event=news.showNewsArticle&articleID=109) . Beaverbrooks.co.uk. 8 March 2010. Archived from the original (http://www.beaverbrooks.co.uk/index.cfm?event=news.showNewsArticle&articleID=109) on 5 October 2010 . Retrieved 4 August 2010 . This article about a retailer in the United Kingdom is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beaverbrooks&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐bggnd Cached time: 20240712182910 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.296 seconds Real time usage: 0.674 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1404/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 26533/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1593/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 16624/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.200/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4391573/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 379.603 1 -total 27.72% 105.214 1 Template:Infobox_company 26.41% 100.269 1 Template:Reflist 24.57% 93.277 1 Template:Infobox 21.04% 79.880 2 Template:Cite_web 15.58% 59.148 1 Template:UK-retail-company-stub 15.15% 57.507 1 Template:Asbox 14.68% 55.729 1 Template:More_citations_needed 14.12% 53.604 1 Template:Ambox 10.23% 38.847 1 Template:Other_uses_of Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:25411895-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712182910 and revision id 1168691181. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beaverbrooks&oldid=1168691181 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beaverbrooks&oldid=1168691181) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Jewellery retailers of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Jewellery_retailers_of_the_United_Kingdom) Design companies established in 1919 (/wiki/Category:Design_companies_established_in_1919) 1919 establishments in Ireland (/wiki/Category:1919_establishments_in_Ireland) Retail companies established in 1919 (/wiki/Category:Retail_companies_established_in_1919) United Kingdom retail company stubs (/wiki/Category:United_Kingdom_retail_company_stubs) Hidden categories: Webarchive template wayback links (/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links) Use dmy dates from April 2022 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2022) Articles needing additional references from March 2010 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_March_2010) All articles needing additional references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
Clothing company (f. 1984) Dynamite Dynamite Clothing logo Industry Retail Founded 1984 Headquarters Montreal (/wiki/Montreal) , Quebec (/wiki/Quebec) , Canada Number of locations 127 Area served Worldwide Key people Andrew Lutfy [1] (#cite_note-Newswire2016-1) ( CEO (/wiki/Chief_executive_officer) ) Products Apparel (/wiki/Clothing) footwear (/wiki/Footwear) accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) Groupe Dynamite (/wiki/Groupe_Dynamite) Website www (https://www.dynamiteclothing.com/) .dynamiteclothing (https://www.dynamiteclothing.com/) .com (https://www.dynamiteclothing.com/) Dynamite Clothing (stylized as DYNAMITE ) is a clothing store catered to women between the ages of 25 and 30 years old. [2] (#cite_note-ITWorldCanada2012-2) Founded in 1984 as a subsidiary of Groupe Dynamite (/wiki/Groupe_Dynamite) , Dynamite currently has locations in Canada, the United States, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. [3] (#cite_note-DynamiteStoreLocator-3) Alongside its sister brand, Garage (/wiki/Garage_(clothing_retailer)) , Dynamite has been recognized as one of Canada's Top Employers for young people in 2019. [4] (#cite_note-CanadaTop100Employers2019-4) The current CEO, Andrew Lutfy, has started working at Groupe Dynamite at the age of 18 and was one of the creators of the Dynamite clothing brand. [5] (#cite_note-LaPresse2016-5) Dynamite contributes to the CURE Foundation, a Canadian foundation that provides funding for basic and clinical research for breast cancer. [6] (#cite_note-NewswireCURE-6) [ unreliable source? ] On September 8, 2020, it was announced that Groupe Dynamite filed for creditor protection in Canada as well as Chapter 15 in the United States. [7] (#cite_note-7) History [ edit ] The first Dynamite store opened in Carrefour Laval (/wiki/Carrefour_Laval) in 1984. [8] (#cite_note-PlaceVilleMarie-8) As of July 2019 [update] (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dynamite_Clothing&action=edit) , the company had 127 stores in 5 countries (117 in Canada, four in the United States, three in Saudi Arabia, two in Kuwait, and one in Jordan). [3] (#cite_note-DynamiteStoreLocator-3) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Newswire2016_1-0) "Groupe Dynamite CEO, Andrew Lutfy, named Distinguished Canadian Retailer of the Year by Retail Council of Canada" (https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/groupe-dynamite-ceo-andrew-lutfy-named-distinguished-canadian-retailer-of-the-year-by-retail-council-of-canada-577830411.html) . Newswire . May 2, 2016 . Retrieved July 24, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-ITWorldCanada2012_2-0) Shcick, Shane (June 6, 2012). "How Groupe Dynamite got more mobile and social" (https://www.itworldcanada.com/article/how-groupe-dynamite-got-more-mobile-and-social/46265) . IT World Canada . Retrieved July 24, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Dynamite Store Locator" (https://www.dynamiteclothing.com/ca/locator) . Dynamite Clothing . Retrieved July 24, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-CanadaTop100Employers2019_4-0) Yerema, Richard; Leung, Kristina (January 30, 2019). "Groupe Dynamite Inc. Recognized as One of Montreal's Top Employers (2019)" (https://content.eluta.ca/top-employer-groupe-dynamite) . Canada's Top 100 Employers . Retrieved July 24, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-LaPresse2016_5-0) Fournier, Marie-Eve (July 3, 2016). "Personnalité de la semaine - Andrew Lutfy" (https://plus.lapresse.ca/screens/d839fd2e-f4b3-47ed-a4fb-955a9e827819__7C___0.html) . LaPresse (in French) . Retrieved July 24, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-NewswireCURE_6-0) "Dynamite 2015 Title Sponsor for the CURE Foundation's National Denim Day" (https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/dynamite-2015-title-sponsor-for-the-cure-foundations-national-denim-day-517491201.html) . Cision . April 27, 2015 . Retrieved July 31, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Ho, Solarina (September 11, 2020). "Retailer behind Garage, Dynamite latest company hit by pandemic" (https://www.ctvnews.ca/business/retailer-behind-garage-dynamite-latest-company-hit-by-pandemic-1.5102036) . CTV News . Retrieved November 20, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-PlaceVilleMarie_8-0) Havasy, Isabelle. "The 70's - Part 3" (https://placevillemarie.com/en/mall/trends/2890/the-70s-part-3/) . Place Ville-Marie . Retrieved July 24, 2019 . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://www.dynamiteclothing.com) This article about a Canadian corporation or company is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dynamite_Clothing&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐fvqdg Cached time: 20240712195601 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.319 seconds Real time usage: 0.676 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2114/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 32198/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3113/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 23/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 39124/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.170/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6423917/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 434.993 1 -total 34.69% 150.880 1 Template:Infobox_company 32.57% 141.692 1 Template:Infobox 26.66% 115.978 1 Template:Reflist 22.09% 96.087 7 Template:Cite_web 15.70% 68.293 1 Template:Short_description 9.07% 39.449 2 Template:Pagetype 7.89% 34.326 1 Template:Unreliable_source? 7.83% 34.039 1 Template:Canada-corp-stub 7.19% 31.288 1 Template:Asbox Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:61352523-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712195601 and revision id 1180617039. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dynamite_Clothing&oldid=1180617039 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dynamite_Clothing&oldid=1180617039) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1984 establishments in Quebec (/wiki/Category:1984_establishments_in_Quebec) Clothing brands (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands) Clothing retailers of Canada (/wiki/Category:Clothing_retailers_of_Canada) Companies based in Montreal (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Montreal) Companies that have filed for bankruptcy in Canada (/wiki/Category:Companies_that_have_filed_for_bankruptcy_in_Canada) Companies that have filed for Chapter 15 bankruptcy (/wiki/Category:Companies_that_have_filed_for_Chapter_15_bankruptcy) Retail companies established in 1984 (/wiki/Category:Retail_companies_established_in_1984) Canadian company stubs (/wiki/Category:Canadian_company_stubs) Hidden categories: CS1 French-language sources (fr) (/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) All articles lacking reliable references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references) Articles lacking reliable references from September 2021 (/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references_from_September_2021) Articles containing potentially dated statements from July 2019 (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_July_2019) All articles containing potentially dated statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
Austrian women who worked as fashion designers (/wiki/Fashion_designer) . Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Austria portal (/wiki/Portal:Austria) This is a non-diffusing subcategory (/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization#Non-diffusing_subcategories) of Category:Austrian fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Austrian_fashion_designers) . It includes Austrian fashion designers that can also be found in the parent category, or in diffusing subcategories of the parent. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐cs7rs Cached time: 20240720084750 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.084 seconds Real time usage: 0.114 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 137/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3990/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 306/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3351/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.052/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 935671/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 99.118 1 -total 45.05% 44.652 1 Template:Non-diffusing 43.62% 43.236 1 Template:Portal 38.26% 37.919 1 Template:Cmbox 11.16% 11.059 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 8.76% 8.685 2 Template:Category_other 6.70% 6.640 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 3.54% 3.509 1 Template:Single_namespace 1.37% 1.362 1 Template:Template_other 1.30% 1.288 1 Template:Clear Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:72300449-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720084750 and revision id 1177797036. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Austrian women fashion designers" The following 10 pages are in this category, out of 10 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . D Eva Maria Düringer Cavalli (/wiki/Eva_Maria_D%C3%BCringer_Cavalli) F Emilie Louise Flöge (/wiki/Emilie_Louise_Fl%C3%B6ge) G Herta Groves (/wiki/Herta_Groves) Sidonie Grünwald-Zerkowitz (/wiki/Sidonie_Gr%C3%BCnwald-Zerkowitz) H Gertrud Höchsmann (/wiki/Gertrud_H%C3%B6chsmann) Nina Hollein (/wiki/Nina_Hollein) J Emma Jacobsson (/wiki/Emma_Jacobsson) M Birgit C. Muller (/wiki/Birgit_C._Muller) S Jutta Sika (/wiki/Jutta_Sika) Fiona Swarovski (/wiki/Fiona_Swarovski) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Austrian_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1177797036 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Austrian_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1177797036) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Austrian fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Austrian_fashion_designers) Austrian women artists (/wiki/Category:Austrian_women_artists) Women fashion designers by nationality (/wiki/Category:Women_fashion_designers_by_nationality) Hidden categories: Wikipedia non-diffusing subcategories (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_non-diffusing_subcategories) Automatic category TOC generates no TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_no_TOC)
American clothing company This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Clandestine_Industries) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Clandestine_Industries) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Clandestine_Industries) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Clandestine Industries" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Clandestine+Industries%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Clandestine+Industries%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Clandestine+Industries%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Clandestine+Industries%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Clandestine+Industries%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Clandestine+Industries%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( July 2009 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article relies excessively on references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) to primary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources) . Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources) . Find sources: "Clandestine Industries" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Clandestine+Industries%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Clandestine+Industries%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Clandestine+Industries%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Clandestine+Industries%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Clandestine+Industries%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Clandestine+Industries%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( July 2009 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Clandestine Industries The Clandestine Industries "Bartskull" logo. Industry Apparel Founded 2006, 2023 Defunct 2012 Headquarters Chicago, Illinois (/wiki/Chicago,_Illinois) Key people Pete Wentz (/wiki/Pete_Wentz) (founder) Products Apparel (/wiki/Clothing) , jewelry (/wiki/Jewelry) , accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) Clandestine Industries is a brand and clothing company owned by Pete Wentz (/wiki/Pete_Wentz) , bassist of Fall Out Boy (/wiki/Fall_Out_Boy) , and partners. It was active from 2006 to 2012, and then was brought back in 2023. The brand primarily releases clothing and accessories, as well as Wentz's self-published media. The brand's logo is a “bartskull” (a bat/heart/skull).This design came from reoccurring nightmares that Wentz had as a child. It is commonly known for being a tattoo of his. [1] (#cite_note-1) History and products [ edit ] Clandestine Industries was formed in 2006 by Wentz, who published his first book, The Boy With A Thorn In His Side , through the company. [2] (#cite_note-2) After Wentz found success with the book, he decided to expand the company to design and sell clothing. Previously, Wentz's Fueled by Ramen and Decaydance labels had released a DVD entitled Release The Bats on June 11, 2005. The cover art stated the film was "presented by Clandestine Industries", suggesting the company had been mapped out since at least 2004. [3] (#cite_note-3) From its initial inception, Clandestine Industries released limited-edition tees (/wiki/T-shirt) , hoodies (/wiki/Hoodie) , and accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) such as belts and jewelry, all embellished with the brand's trademark 'bartskull' logo. They also worked alongside companies such as DKNY Jeans (/wiki/DKNY) , Wet Seal (/wiki/Wet_Seal) and Nordstrom (/wiki/Nordstrom) . In 2007, a Clandestine Industries Landmark retail store, which contained exclusive store-only garments, opened in Pete's hometown of Chicago (/wiki/Chicago) ,. [4] (#cite_note-4) In February 2009, Clandestine Industries relaunched its website and debuted a new collection entitled, "Don't Call It A Comeback," and immediately sold out of items only an hour after the release. The line was primarily sold on the brand's website, [5] (#cite_note-5) at the Landmark, and occasionally alongside merchandise at Fall Out Boy shows. Wentz, along with other musicians from the emo (/wiki/Emo#2002–2010:_Mainstream) circuit such as Gabe Saporta (/wiki/Gabe_Saporta) , Travie McCoy (/wiki/Travie_McCoy) , [6] (#cite_note-6) Patrick Stump (/wiki/Patrick_Stump) , [7] (#cite_note-7) and Mikey Way (/wiki/Mikey_Way) , [8] (#cite_note-8) often advertised his range by wearing the products in public; most famously the Stay Gold hoodie [9] (#cite_note-9) and the Please Call Gabe Saporta t-shirt. [10] (#cite_note-10) The latter item did not display Saporta's actual contact details, but workers from the production company employed by Wentz later leaked (/wiki/Internet_leak) them publicly. [11] (#cite_note-11) On June 27, 2010, the Chicago Landmark store closed. On Wentz's blog, he explained that the closing of the Landmark would aid in expanding the brand's webstore. [12] (#cite_note-12) In June 2011, the website was relaunched with a brand new summer range. Wentz commented on his blog, "this is what the original intention of Clandestine was". [13] (#cite_note-13) Despite no formal announcement of Clandestine's shutdown, the brand's Tumblr (/wiki/Tumblr) , Facebook (/wiki/Facebook) , and Twitter (/wiki/Twitter) accounts were abandoned around 2012, [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) and it is now considered defunct. [ citation needed ] Fans have created petitions asking for the brand to be bought back, and items from the brand for sale can be found on websites such as eBay (/wiki/EBay) [17] (#cite_note-17) and Livejournal (/wiki/Livejournal) . [18] (#cite_note-18) On November 7, 2023, Wentz posted a photo on instagram with the caption ''Now with a working link clandestineindustries.com'', [19] (#cite_note-19) announcing that Clandestine Industries has returned with new clothing items. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Nadud Le: Pete Wentz Tattoos Collection" (http://nadudle.blogspot.com/2013/04/pete-wentz-tattoos-collection.html) . Blogspot . Nadud Le. 12 April 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Archived copy" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100812102447/http://www.clandestineindustries.com/) . www.clandestineindustries.com . Archived from the original (http://www.clandestineindustries.com/) on 12 August 2010 . Retrieved 14 January 2022 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title) ) ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Fall Out Boy – Release The Bats (2005, DVD)" (https://www.discogs.com/Fall-Out-Boy-Release-The-Bats/release/6208923) . Discogs . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Clandestine Industries Landmark Store - Wrigleyville - Chicago, IL 60657 \| Metromix Chicago" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100317094442/http://chicago.metromix.com/style/store/clandestine-industries-landmark-store-wrigleyville/148025/content) . Archived from the original (http://chicago.metromix.com/style/store/clandestine-industries-landmark-store-wrigleyville/148025/content) on 2010-03-17 . Retrieved 2010-09-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Www.clandestineindustries.com down? Current status and outage history" (http://www.currentlydown.com/www.clandestineindustries.com) . Currentlydown.com . Retrieved 17 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Media Effects on Our Generation" (https://internetcupcake.wordpress.com/2010/06/08/media-effects-on-our-generation/) . AeR's Blog . 8 June 2010 . Retrieved 28 August 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Fresh: The Freshest Fashion: clandestine industries hoodies" (http://freshestfashion.blogspot.com/2007/05/clandestine-industries-hoodies.html) . Blogspot . 26 May 2007. ^ (#cite_ref-8) Twitter https://twitter.com/rnikeyway/status/314182494670970880 (https://twitter.com/rnikeyway/status/314182494670970880) . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : Missing or empty \|title= ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title) ) ^ (#cite_ref-9) "dress like pete wentz!" (https://dresslikepeterwentz.tumblr.com/post/69832130439/clandestine-industries-stay-gold-hoodie-92-from) . dress like pete wentz! . Tumblr . Retrieved 28 August 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "did you get what you deserve?" (https://max-kuehn.tumblr.com/post/634388633484427265) . did you get what you deserve? . Tumblr . Retrieved 28 August 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Twitter https://twitter.com/folieadeux_wtbu/status/1314040258762141696 (https://twitter.com/folieadeux_wtbu/status/1314040258762141696) . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : Missing or empty \|title= ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title) ) ^ (#cite_ref-12) "From Pete Wentz's blog: Clandestineindustries: Alright guys, let's celebrate the first... - Friends or Enemies" (https://web.archive.org/web/20111003043053/http://www.friendsorenemies.com/profiles/blogs/from-pete-wentzs-blog-3) . Archived from the original (http://www.friendsorenemies.com/profiles/blogs/from-pete-wentzs-blog-3) on 2011-10-03 . Retrieved 2010-09-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "A Homeboy's Life - new clandestine samples blowing my mind. This is" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110607040739/http://petewentz.com/post/6166785829/new-clandestine-samples-blowing-my-mind-this-is) . Archived from the original (http://petewentz.com/post/6166785829/new-clandestine-samples-blowing-my-mind-this-is) on 2011-06-07 . Retrieved 2011-06-17 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Clandestine Industries" (https://clandestineindustries.tumblr.com/) . Clandestineindustries.tumblr.com . Retrieved 17 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Clandestine Industries" (https://www.facebook.com/clandestineindustries) . Facebook.com . Retrieved 17 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Clandestine Ind (@Clandestineind) - Twitter" (https://twitter.com/clandestineind) . Twitter.com . Retrieved 17 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "clandestine industries" (https://www.ebay.com/sch/i.html?_from=R40&_trksid=p2380057.m570.l1311&_nkw=clandestine+industries&_sacat=0) . eBay . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "4 Clandestine industries hoodies and 1 clandestine industries shirt" (https://themerchbooth.livejournal.com/877103.html) . themerchbooth.livejournal.com . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Instagram" (https://www.instagram.com/p/CzWlwNCp8X6/?igshid=MzRlODBiNWFlZA==) . www.instagram.com . Retrieved 2023-11-08 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐fstr2 Cached time: 20240713183259 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.494 seconds Real time usage: 0.723 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2245/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 80287/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 11965/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 75230/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.323/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7114140/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 630.676 1 -total 33.96% 214.171 1 Template:Reflist 29.86% 188.324 19 Template:Cite_web 28.48% 179.637 3 Template:Ambox 22.84% 144.074 1 Template:Infobox_company 20.51% 129.366 1 Template:Infobox 18.86% 118.924 1 Template:Short_description 18.37% 115.844 1 Template:Multiple_issues 11.19% 70.561 1 Template:More_citations_needed 8.46% 53.325 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:23675472-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713183259 and revision id 1207033317. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clandestine_Industries&oldid=1207033317 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clandestine_Industries&oldid=1207033317) " Category (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing companies of the United States (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States) Hidden categories: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title) CS1 errors: missing title (/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_missing_title) CS1 errors: bare URL (/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_bare_URL) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles needing additional references from July 2009 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_July_2009) All articles needing additional references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references) Articles lacking reliable references from July 2009 (/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references_from_July_2009) All articles lacking reliable references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references) Articles with multiple maintenance issues (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_multiple_maintenance_issues) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from May 2022 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_May_2022)
Cloth used in ancient wedding tradition Engraving depicting the marriage of the Duke of Bourbon (/wiki/Louis_III,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9) and Mademoiselle de Nantes (/wiki/Mademoiselle_de_Nantes) at Versailles (/wiki/Versailles) in 1685, with a nuptial veil held over the couple The nuptial veil , which is also referred to as the care cloth , carde clothe or wedding canopy , is an ancient Christian wedding tradition where a cloth is held over the heads of the bride and groom during the Nuptial Blessing. Symbolizing the "marriage yoke joining the bride and groom together", it is a rectangular linen or silk sheet smaller than the analogous Chuppah (/wiki/Chuppah) of Judaism, typically featuring a red pattern or a red cord, and is white in color. [1] (#cite_note-Warner2013-1) St. Isidore of Seville (/wiki/Isidore_of_Seville) explained that the white represents the purity of Christian and marital love, while the red signifies the continuation of the family bloodline. [2] (#cite_note-:6-2) [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) Use [ edit ] Traditionally, the Care cloth had two distinct uses during the solemn nuptial blessing of the Mass (/wiki/Mass_(liturgy)) . Firstly, it would be draped over the shoulders of the groom and over the head and shoulders of the bride as they knelt for blessing. This use symbolized the yoke of marriage, which binds the couple together. [2] (#cite_note-:6-2) Alternatively, the Care cloth may be suspended over the kneeling couple by the best man and maid of honor, or by two designated sponsors each holding a side. This use serves as a reminder to the couple to maintain decorum and privacy, as it partially conceals them from view. [2] (#cite_note-:6-2) During formal periods, this practice had an additional function. If a couple had a child born out of wedlock, placing the child under the care cloth with the parents would confer legitimacy upon the child. [2] (#cite_note-:6-2) History [ edit ] Reference to the wedding canopy is found in the Bible (/wiki/Bible) , in Psalm 19:5 (https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Psalms%2019:5&version=nrsv) . [6] (#cite_note-Long2013-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) The mention of Care cloth can be found in John Brand's (/wiki/John_Brand_(antiquarian)) work Observations on the Popular Antiquities of Great Britain , which chiefly illustrates the origin of vulgar and provincial customs, ceremonies, and superstitions. [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) Thomas Blount (/wiki/Thomas_Blount_(lexicographer)) , in his Glossographia (1681), says that in the Sarum Rite (/wiki/Use_of_Sarum) , when there was a marriage before Mass (/wiki/Mass_(liturgy)) , the couple would kneel together with a fine linen cloth laid over their heads during the Mass. They would remain under the cloth until they received the benediction, and then they would be dismissed, as John wrote. [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) Velatio nuptialis [ edit ] In the era of the Church Fathers (/wiki/Church_Fathers) , the velatio nuptialis served as a validation of the Sacrament of Marriage by the Church (/wiki/Marriage_in_the_Catholic_Church) , further confirming its significance. [8] (#cite_note-:4-8) [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) Pope Siricius (/wiki/Pope_Siricius) , during the latter part of the fourth century, drew attention to the significance of the velatio, also known as the canopy veil or huppa. This concept was later referenced in the Veronense Sacramentary, which was compiled between the fifth and seventh centuries, and was specifically identified as the Velatio nuptialis, referring to the nuptial veiling. [9] (#cite_note-:2-9) During the Anglo-Saxon period, the Nuptial Benediction was typically conducted with the use of a veil (/wiki/Veil) , which was a square piece of cloth held over the heads of the bride and groom. [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) The use of Care cloth as a canopy until the 14th century is well-documented. Evidence supporting this includes references to the acquisition of a section of "Lucca cloth" in the "wardrobe accounts" of Edward II (/wiki/Edward_II_of_England) , as well as its use during the nuptial mass of Richard and Isabella in 1321 as a veil to cover their heads. [12] (#cite_note-:0-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) By 1530, its usage had declined, though the care cloth continues to be used in certain traditional wedding liturgies of Western Christian denominations. [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) [14] (#cite_note-Kwasniewski2022-14) Origin [ edit ] The origin of velatio nuptialis is uncertain, with some proposing a connection to Greek and Roman customs. However, the use of a red veil (flammeum) for brides in Roman marriages is sparsely documented in Church Fathers and not mentioned in ancient liturgy. Greco-Roman influence may have played a role, as the Latin and Greek terms for marriage - nubere, nuptiae connubium, and νυμφίος - all relate to the concept of a veil. [8] (#cite_note-:4-8) Contemporary Jewish wedding ceremonies feature a ceremonial canopy known as a "huppah", which lacks strong biblical support and may have been influenced by Christian practices. The 12th-century Rabbi (/wiki/Rabbi) Isaac ben Abba Mari (/wiki/Isaac_ben_Abba_Mari) decidedly disapproved of the incorporation of the practice of draping a cloth over the couple during the marriage benediction. [8] (#cite_note-:4-8) Significance [ edit ] The wedding veil or care cloth held great significance in Western culture, so much so that it was the inspiration behind the event's name. In ancient Rome, a woman would wear a red veil on her wedding day to symbolize her new responsibilities and status as a married woman. [2] (#cite_note-:6-2) The Latin term "nubere", meaning to cover the head, gave rise to the word "nuptial" in English. Veiling was adopted by Latin Christians as early as the 300s, and the veil was used to cover both the bride and groom's heads, emphasizing their shared marital responsibilities. This is why the veil came to be known as the "care cloth" in English, as the word "care" originally meant to bear a burden. In Europe, the bridal veil became more popular than the care cloth after the Renaissance (/wiki/Renaissance) . [2] (#cite_note-:6-2) In Anglo-Saxon culture (/wiki/History_of_Anglo-Saxon_England) , the "care cloth" or "nuptial veil" played a significant role in wedding ceremonies as it was believed to symbolize the purity and sanctity of the union between the bride and groom. The veil was a square piece of fabric held over the heads of both individuals, and it was also meant to conceal the bride's blushes. [12] (#cite_note-:0-12) [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) [15] (#cite_note-15) Analogous customs [ edit ] The canopy in British wedding ceremonies was purportedly employed to conceal the bride's blushing, although historical accounts from Edward describe it as a veil. Nonetheless, it cannot be conclusively regarded as a precursor to the veil, given that British brides did not typically wear veils until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. [12] (#cite_note-:0-12) Similar types of bridal canopy ceremonies may be performed during weddings across different societies, and they may hold different significances. The Chuppah, a canopy used in Jewish weddings (/wiki/Jewish_wedding) , is another example of a canopy custom. [12] (#cite_note-:0-12) In Sri Lanka (/wiki/Sri_Lanka) , a decorated canopy known as a " poruwa (/wiki/Poruwa_ceremony) " is utilized during the wedding ceremony, serving as a platform where the couple can either sit or stand. [12] (#cite_note-:0-12) [16] (#cite_note-:5-16) In Egyptian (/wiki/Egypt) weddings, the bride is escorted to the baths the night before the wedding under a silk canopy. On the day of the wedding, the bride walks under a silk canopy of bright colors such as pink, rose, or yellow, often striped with two colors, which is carried by four men using a pole at each corner. [12] (#cite_note-:0-12) A canopy was used by the Bedouin of Ethiopia (/wiki/Ethiopia) to conceal the bride. [12] (#cite_note-:0-12) As part of Chinese wedding customs, a sacred umbrella was used to shield the bride's head from malevolent forces and safeguard this delicate body part. [12] (#cite_note-:0-12) [16] (#cite_note-:5-16) The wedding mandapa (/wiki/Wedding_mandapa) refers to a temporary pavilion [Canopy] constructed specifically for the purpose of conducting Hindu or Jain weddings. It serves as the primary location for conducting the main wedding rituals and ceremonies. [17] (#cite_note-17) See also [ edit ] Christianity portal (/wiki/Portal:Christianity) Christian head covering (/wiki/Christian_head_covering) Lucca cloth (/wiki/Lucca) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Warner2013_1-0) Warner, Diane (25 November 2013). Diane Warner's Complete Guide to a Traditional Wedding: Time-Tested Toasts, Vows, Ceremonies & Etiquette . Red Wheel. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-60163-494-8 . ^ a b c d e f Foley, Michael P. (22 April 2008). Wedding Rites: The Complete Guide to Traditional Vows, Music, Ceremonies, Blessings, and Interfaith Services . Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 77. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4674-3834-6 . ^ a b c Wedding, Latin Mass. "Velatio Nuptialis" (https://www.latinmasswedding.com/velatio-nuptialis/) . Latin Mass Wedding . Retrieved 26 February 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) An Illustrated Dictionary Of Art . ^ a b c d Brand, John (1849). Observations on the popular antiquities of Great Britain : chiefly illustrating the origin of our vulgar and provincial customs, ceremonies, and superstitions . New York Public Library. London : Henry G. Bohn. p. 116. ^ (#cite_ref-Long2013_6-0) Long, Phillip J. (6 November 2013). Jesus the Bridegroom: The Origin of the Eschatological Feast as a Wedding Banquet in the Synoptic Gospels . Wipf and Stock Publishers. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-63087-033-1 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Jones, Tom Devonshire; Murray, Linda; Murray, Peter (26 September 2013). The Oxford Dictionary of Christian Art and Architecture . Oxford University Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-19-968027-6 . ^ a b c "The Velatio Nuptialis: An Ancient (and Forgotten) Part of the Latin Marriage Rite" (https://www.newliturgicalmovement.org/2019/02/the-velatio-nuptialis-ancient-and.html) . Retrieved 27 February 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-:2_9-0) Hilgartner, Richard B.; Merz, Daniel J. (27 November 2017). Guide for Celebrating® Matrimony . LiturgyTrainingPublications. p. 17. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-61833-130-4 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Brand, John (1813). Observatins on Popular Antiquities: Chiefly Illustrating the Origin of Our Vulgar Customs, Ceremonies, and Superstitions . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Sarbah, John Mensah (1904). Fanti Customary Laws: A Brief Introduction to the Principles of the Native Laws and Customs of the Fanti and Akan Districts of the Gold Coast . W. Clowes and Sons, limited. p. 42. ^ a b c d e f g h Monger, George (2004). Marriage Customs of the World: From Henna to Honeymoons . ABC-CLIO. p. 53. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-57607-987-4 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Warner, Kathryn (30 October 2018). Hugh Despenser the Younger and Edward II: Downfall of a King's Favourite . Pen and Sword. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-5267-1563-0 . ^ (#cite_ref-Kwasniewski2022_14-0) Kwasniewski, Peter (21 January 2022). "Another Sighting of the "Care Cloth" at a Recent Solemn High Nuptial Mass" (https://www.newliturgicalmovement.org/2022/01/another-sighting-of-care-cloth-at.html#.ZABbcXbMKMo) . New Liturgical Movement . Retrieved 2 March 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "The Return of the "Care Cloth" at the Traditional Nuptial Mass" (https://www.newliturgicalmovement.org/2021/09/the-return-of-care-cloth-at-traditional.html) . Retrieved 26 February 2023 . ^ a b Monger, George P. (9 April 2013). Marriage Customs of the World: An Encyclopedia of Dating Customs and Wedding Traditions, 2nd Edition [2 volumes] . ABC-CLIO. p. 121. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-59884-664-5 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Michaels, Axel (2004). Hinduism Past And Present . Orient Longman. p. 117. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-81-250-2776-8 . External links [ edit ] The dictionary definition of carecloth at Wiktionary NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐86c85b764b‐s4skq Cached time: 20240709005301 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.288 seconds Real time usage: 0.380 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1241/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 31544/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 787/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 67572/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.171/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5380710/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 323.235 1 -total 57.93% 187.248 1 Template:Reflist 44.49% 143.814 13 Template:Cite_book 22.53% 72.824 1 Template:Short_description 13.88% 44.863 2 Template:Pagetype 6.55% 21.161 1 Template:Portal 5.18% 16.735 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates 4.97% 16.049 4 Template:Cite_web 4.40% 14.238 4 Template:Main_other 3.57% 11.543 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:73144124-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709005301 and revision id 1191625004. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Care_cloth&oldid=1191625004 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Care_cloth&oldid=1191625004) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Wedding clothing (/wiki/Category:Wedding_clothing) Ceremonial clothing (/wiki/Category:Ceremonial_clothing) Clothing by type (/wiki/Category:Clothing_by_type) Wedding dresses (/wiki/Category:Wedding_dresses) Weddings in Christianity (/wiki/Category:Weddings_in_Christianity) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from March 2023 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_March_2023)
British clothing brand Henri-Lloyd Limited Industry Clothing manufacturing, Retail Founded 1963 by Henri Strzelecki Headquarters Manchester , United Kingdom Key people Angus Lloyd (/wiki/Angus_Lloyd) (founder) Henri Strzelecki (/wiki/Henri_Strzelecki) (founder), Graham Allen (CEO) Products Clothing Website henrilloyd (http://henrilloyd.com) .com (http://henrilloyd.com) Henri Lloyd is a British clothing brand that specialised in sailing (/wiki/Sailing) apparel and fashion for men and women. Established in Manchester (/wiki/Manchester,_England) in 1963, the company had 40 stores spanning the UK, Australia, the Middle East, and Europe. [ when? ] In June 2018, the brand, stock and 5 stores were acquired by Swedish investment firm, Aligro Group, and subsequently, the brand underwent a redesign and refocused on European sailors. In 2022 was acquired again by Monte Rosa Capital [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) History [ edit ] Henri-Lloyd Limited was founded in 1963 in Manchester by Henri Strzelecki (/wiki/Henri_Strzelecki) , a Polish soldier who moved to Manchester to study textiles during the war, alongside his partner Angus Lloyd (/wiki/Angus_Lloyd) . [3] (#cite_note-thenews-3) A soldier in the Polish Army (/wiki/Polish_Army) during World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) , [3] (#cite_note-thenews-3) Strzelecki was awarded both Polish and British military medals in 1946. He settled in Manchester at war's end and studied textiles and design before working with local clothing companies there. [3] (#cite_note-thenews-3) In time known as "Mr Henri" or "Waterproof Henry", Strzelecki was given the Member of the Order of the British Empire (/wiki/Member_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire) in 1985. [3] (#cite_note-thenews-3) Two Queen's Awards for Export Achievement (/wiki/Queen%27s_Awards_for_Export_Achievement) followed in 1986 and 1987. Innovation [ edit ] Henri Lloyd pioneered the use of new technologies and fabrics such as Bri-Nylon (/wiki/Nylon) in its early clothing lines. [3] (#cite_note-thenews-3) Among its innovations were the first non-corrosive zipper (/wiki/Zipper) made of nylon, the introduction of Velcro (/wiki/Velcro) closures in waterproof garments, the hand taping of seams as an alternative to varnishing (/wiki/Varnishing) , and the incorporation of Gore-Tex (/wiki/Gore-Tex) waterproofing. The use of Gore-Tex (/wiki/Gore-Tex) alone went through over 22,000 hours of round the world testing at sea before it was first sold to customers in Henri Lloyd high performance breathable foul weather gear 1994. In 2001 the company's TP3 Reflex Jacket and Hi-Fit Trouser won The DAME Design Award at the Marine Equipment Trade Show in Amsterdam (/wiki/Amsterdam) . [4] (#cite_note-4) Pioneers [ edit ] A Henri Lloyd Consort Jacket was worn by Sir Francis Chichester (/wiki/Sir_Francis_Chichester) when he became the first person to sail single-handed around the world by the clipper route (/wiki/Clipper_route) , and the fastest circumnavigator (/wiki/Circumnavigator) , in nine months and one day overall in 1966–67. [5] (#cite_note-5) Henri Lloyd oilskins were worn by Sir Robin Knox-Johnston (/wiki/Sir_Robin_Knox-Johnston) when he became the first man to perform a single-handed non-stop circumnavigation of the globe in 1969. [6] (#cite_note-6) Sir Ranulph Fiennes (/wiki/Sir_Ranulph_Fiennes) and his crew wore Henri Lloyd foul weather gear on their Transglobe Expedition (/wiki/Transglobe_Expedition) . [7] (#cite_note-7) Chay Blyth (/wiki/Chay_Blyth) and Naomi Jones both wore Henri Lloyd sailing clothing for their circumnavigations. [8] (#cite_note-8) Corporate partnership [ edit ] A photograph of Nick Hutton, the Trimmer/Grinder for the Emirates Team GBR. In 2009, Henri Lloyd became the "Official Supplier of Clothing and Footwear Technology" of the Brawn GP Formula One Team (/wiki/Brawn_GP_Formula_One_Team) as part of a commercial partnership. [3] (#cite_note-thenews-3) Henri Lloyd have sponsored Sir Ben Ainslie (/wiki/Sir_Ben_Ainslie) since 1996 and were his first commercial sponsor. [9] (#cite_note-9) It has also supported Shirley Robertson (/wiki/Shirley_Robertson) . [10] (#cite_note-yachting2018-10) It has been the technical clothing supplier for the Clipper Round the World Yacht Race (/wiki/Clipper_Round_the_World_Yacht_Race) since 2002 and for Land Rover BAR (/wiki/Land_Rover_BAR) ’s 2017 America’s Cup bid. [10] (#cite_note-yachting2018-10) The sailing kit was developed in close collaboration with the Land Rover BAR team and featured a neoprene wetsuit long john and top. [11] (#cite_note-11) In 2017 the brand announced a 3-year sponsorship deal with the FAST40+ Class, providing bespoke sailing kit for the crew and a perpetual trophy for the FAST40+ Race Circuit. [12] (#cite_note-12) Henri Lloyd were one of the sponsors of Cowes Classics Week 2017, which includes a Henri Lloyd race day and trophy. [13] (#cite_note-13) In September 2018 Henri Lloyd continued its partnership with Sir Ben by announcing a partnership with Ineos Team UK (/wiki/Ineos_Team_UK) in the pursuit of the 36th challenge (/wiki/36th_America%27s_Cup) of the America's Cup (/wiki/America%27s_Cup) in 2021. [14] (#cite_note-14) Henri Lloyd is the current official Performance Clothing Partner of the Americas Cup (/wiki/America%27s_Cup) team, Ineos Britannia (/wiki/INEOS_Britannia) . [15] (#cite_note-15) The brand also actively has a purpose led partnership with the Emirates (/wiki/Emirates_(airline)) Great Britain SailGP (/wiki/SailGP) Team. [16] (#cite_note-16) Fashion [ edit ] Henri Lloyd first became known for fashion in 1984 when the Milan Scooter Society or ‘ Paninaro (/wiki/Paninaro) ' scene adopted the Henri Lloyd Consort Jacket as part of their uniform along with Levi 501 jeans and Timberland boots. [17] (#cite_note-17) [18] (#cite_note-loading-18) Additionally, the brand was profoundly popular within the Madchester (/wiki/Madchester) scene. The mid-1990s saw the launch of Henri Lloyd Black Label, This Massimo Goggi designed collection linked Italian-inspired sportswear with technically innovative fabrics, helping the firm earn the Fashion Brand of the Year in the UK award in 1997. [19] (#cite_note-19) The Consort Jacket, first designed by Henri Strzelecki (/wiki/Henri_Strzelecki) in 1965 has been redesigned for 2017 in a collection of 21 different editions. [20] (#cite_note-20) [18] (#cite_note-loading-18) In 2023 the brand announced the appointment of Scottish Menswear Designer Kestin Hare as Creative Director. [21] (#cite_note-21) Change of Ownership [ edit ] Facing severe financial difficulties in early 2018 Henri Lloyd reduced costs and divested assets. In March 2018 they sold the Henri Lloyd brand and trademarks to Aligro Group, a Swedish investment firm. [10] (#cite_note-yachting2018-10) On 8 June 2018 it was announced that the company had been put into administration (/wiki/Administration_(law)) . [22] (#cite_note-22) Three days later it was announced that the company was purchased by Aligro Group. Altogether 128 jobs were lost, the company's Manchester office shuttered and the brand moved to be based in Sweden. In September 2018 the firm announced a relaunch of all lines in 2019 with "25 styles for men and women. The products are adapted for one design sailing, keelboats and super yachts, with a focus on Northern European and Mediterranean sailors." [10] (#cite_note-yachting2018-10) In 2022 the brand was acquired by Monte Rosa Capital. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b WW, FashionNetwork com. "Odlo buys Henri-Lloyd, brand to remain UK-based" (https://ww.fashionnetwork.com/news/Odlo-buys-henri-lloyd-brand-to-remain-uk-based,1427016.html) . FashionNetwork.com . Retrieved 30 October 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b Capital, Monte Rosa. "Monte Rosa Capital" (https://monterosacapital.com/henri-lloyd) . Monte Rosa Capital (in Norwegian Bokmål) . Retrieved 30 October 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "Founder of 'Henri Lloyd' clothing brand dies" (http://www.thenews.pl/1/10/Artykul/122650,Founder-of-Henri-Lloyd-clothing-brand-dies) . thenews.pl at Polskie Radio (/wiki/Polskie_Radio) . 28 December 2012 . Retrieved 13 January 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Twenty-Five Years of Innovation" (https://www.sailingscuttlebutt.com/2015/08/18/twenty-five-years-of-innovation/) . Scuttlebutt Sailing News. 18 August 2015 . Retrieved 1 December 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "MWB Home - UK Fashion B2B Magazine" (http://www.mwb-online.co.uk/Articles/Henri-Lloyd-redesigns-a-classic.aspx) . www.mwb-online.co.uk . Retrieved 12 September 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) " (http://www.covarimail.com/viewonline.lasso?id=1407) 'Lost' Robin Knox-Johnston photo archive discovered after 4 decades" (http://www.covarimail.com/viewonline.lasso?id=1407) . www.covarimail.com . Retrieved 12 September 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Henri Lloyd – 50 years of Originality \| Broadly Boats News" (http://bbn.firetrench.com/2012/11/henri-lloyd-50-years-of-originality) . bbn.firetrench.com . Retrieved 12 September 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Fisher, Bob (23 January 2013). "Henry Strzelecki obituary" (https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2013/jan/23/henry-strzelecki) . The Guardian . Retrieved 12 September 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Henri Lloyd – 50 years of Originality \| Broadly Boats News" (http://bbn.firetrench.com/2012/11/henri-lloyd-50-years-of-originality/) . bbn.firetrench.com . Retrieved 12 September 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Katy Stickland (13 September 2018). "Henri Lloyd to relaunch in 2019" (https://www.yachtingmonthly.com/news/clothing-brand-henri-lloyd-goes-administration-65969) . Yachting Monthly (/wiki/Yachting_Monthly) . Retrieved 1 December 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Zoe Dickens (21 July 2015). "Henri Lloyd unveils Land Rover BAR America's Cup kit" (https://www.boatinternational.com/luxury-yacht-life/lifestyle/henri-lloyd-unveils-land-rover-bar-americas-cup-kit--27079) . Boat International (/wiki/Boat_International) . Retrieved 1 December 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Hall, Thoma. "Henri Lloyd Sailing Gear Teams Up With Fast40+Class" (http://afloat.ie/sail/events/racing-update/item/34859-henri-lloyd-sailing-gear-teams-up-with-fast40-class) . Retrieved 12 September 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Cowes Classics Week - Henri Lloyd to sponsor Charles Stanley Direct Cowes Classics Week \| Cowes Classics Week" (https://www.cowesclassicsweek.org/cowes-classics-week-news/622-pr-ccw-henri-lloyd-sponsorship) . www.cowesclassicsweek.org . Retrieved 12 September 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Barbara Santamaria (29 November 2018). "Henri Lloyd to relaunch under new ownership next year" (https://uk.fashionnetwork.com/news/Henri-Lloyd-to-relaunch-under-new-ownership-next-year,1039551.html) . uk.fashionnetwork.com . Retrieved 1 December 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Henri-Lloyd \| Ineos Britannia \| Official Outfitter of High-Performance Sailing Gear" (https://www.henrilloyd.com/ineos-britannia-team-partnership) . www.henrilloyd.com . Retrieved 30 October 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Henri-Lloyd \| Emirates Great Britain SailGP Team \| Partnership" (https://www.henrilloyd.com/gbr-sailgp-team-partnership) . www.henrilloyd.com . Retrieved 30 October 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Ex-directory: Henri-Lloyd - Telegraph" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG3298997/Ex-directory-Henri-Lloyd.html) . fashion.telegraph.co.uk . Retrieved 12 September 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b "...loading" (http://www.manchesterfashion.com/articles/ibuN26MfFSkJgaXB8) . www.manchesterfashion.com . Retrieved 12 September 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Henri Lloyd Brand Recognition" (http://www.yachtsandyachting.com/news/196734/Henri-Lloyd-Brand-Recognition) . Retrieved 12 September 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Jacket Required - Premium Fashion Trade Show, London - July 2018" (http://www.jacket-required.com/Brands/Exhibitor/Henri-Lloyd-Consort) . www.jacket-required.com . Retrieved 12 September 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Henri-Lloyd \| Creative Director \| Kestin Hare" (https://www.henrilloyd.com/stories/kestinhare) . www.henrilloyd.com . Retrieved 30 October 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Vivian Hendriksz (12 June 2018). "Henri Lloyd acquired out of administration" (https://fashionunited.uk/news/business/henri-lloyd-acquired-out-of-administration/2018061230158) . FashionUnited (/wiki/FashionUnited) . Retrieved 1 December 2018 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://henrilloyd.com) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5f776947c‐tzkps Cached time: 20240709045136 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.367 seconds Real time usage: 0.481 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2437/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 44062/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2004/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 82339/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.219/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7079018/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 435.548 1 -total 40.90% 178.154 1 Template:Reflist 32.86% 143.112 19 Template:Cite_web 24.89% 108.411 1 Template:Infobox_company 19.60% 85.367 1 Template:Infobox 15.78% 68.740 1 Template:Short_description 9.28% 40.435 2 Template:Pagetype 8.32% 36.246 1 Template:When 7.76% 33.811 1 Template:Fix 7.28% 31.718 9 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:22191747-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709045136 and revision id 1185839872. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henri_Lloyd&oldid=1185839872 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henri_Lloyd&oldid=1185839872) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : British brands (/wiki/Category:British_brands) Clothing brands of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_of_the_United_Kingdom) Companies based in Manchester (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Manchester) Clothing companies established in 1963 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1963) Outdoor clothing brands (/wiki/Category:Outdoor_clothing_brands) Sailing equipment manufacturers (/wiki/Category:Sailing_equipment_manufacturers) Hidden categories: CS1 Norwegian Bokmål-language sources (nb) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Norwegian_Bokm%C3%A5l-language_sources_(nb)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) EngvarB from October 2017 (/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_October_2017) Use dmy dates from October 2017 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_October_2017) Pages using infobox company with a logo from wikidata (/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_company_with_a_logo_from_wikidata) All articles with vague or ambiguous time (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_vague_or_ambiguous_time) Vague or ambiguous time from December 2018 (/wiki/Category:Vague_or_ambiguous_time_from_December_2018)
Navajo/Seminole fiber artist, fashion designer and quilt maker Margaret Wood Born 1950 (age 73–74) Parker, Arizona (/wiki/Parker,_Arizona) Nationality American Occupation(s) fiber artist, fashion designer, quilt maker Years active 1971–present Margaret Wood (born 1950) is a Navajo (/wiki/Navajo) - Seminole (/wiki/Seminole) fiber artist, fashion designer, and quilt maker. Though she began her career as a teacher and librarian, Wood switched to fiber arts to allow her to express her creativity. She published Native American Fashion: Modern Adaptations of Traditional Designs , which for four decades was the only book focused on traditional native clothing (/wiki/Traditional_Native_American_clothing) and how it was modified in contemporary design. From 1990, Wood primarily became a quilter, displaying her works at numerous featured exhibitions throughout the United States, including such venues as the American Craft Museum (/wiki/American_Craft_Museum) in Manhattan; the Heard Museum (/wiki/Heard_Museum) of Phoenix, Arizona (/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona) ; the Riverside Metropolitan Museum (/wiki/Riverside_Metropolitan_Museum) of Riverside, California (/wiki/Riverside,_California) and the Wheelwright Museum of the American Indian (/wiki/Wheelwright_Museum_of_the_American_Indian) of Santa Fe, New Mexico (/wiki/Santa_Fe,_New_Mexico) , among many others. Early life [ edit ] Margaret Wood was born in 1950 in Parker, Arizona (/wiki/Parker,_Arizona) to Helen Mae (née Watchman) and Charlie Wood. Her mother was a Navajo (/wiki/Navajo) and her father was Oklahoma Seminole. Her mother was raised at Fort Defiance (/wiki/Fort_Defiance,_Arizona) on the Navajo Nation (/wiki/Navajo_Nation) , and became a teacher in Poston (/wiki/Poston,_Arizona) and later in Tuba City (/wiki/Tuba_City,_Arizona) . Her father grew up in Oklahoma as part of the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma (/wiki/Seminole_Nation_of_Oklahoma) and was a carpenter. [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmitt2016131–132-1) She learned to sew from her mother when she was about nine years old.Completing her secondary schooling, Wood attended Arizona State University (/wiki/Arizona_State_University) on a full scholarship from the Navajo Nation. She graduated with a bachelor's degree in education in 1971. [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmitt2016126-2) She obtained a master's degree in Library Science from the University of Denver, Denver Colorado in 1973. Career [ edit ] Wood began her career as a teacher immediately upon earning her degree, but after a year continued with graduate studies at the University of Denver (/wiki/University_of_Denver) . [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmitt2016126-2) She earned a master's degree in library science with a thesis A Survey of Library Services Available to Navajo People on the Navajo Reservation in 1973 and that year began working as the librarian of the Navajo Community College (/wiki/Navajo_Community_College) in Tsaile, Arizona (/wiki/Tsaile,_Arizona) . [3] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Farmington_Daily_Times''19733-3) She then worked Phoenix Public Library for two years, married, and began writing Native American Fashion: Modern Adaptations of Traditional Designs . [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Arizona_Republic''197931-4) [5] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010219-5) Her book offered information on traditional garments and gave examples for how those could be refashioned as contemporary designs, [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010217–218-6) using photographs of traditional dress and drawings illustrating the modifications. [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Arizona_Republic''197931-4) [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMartin198237-7) The book was organized into geographic regions and she included a broad sampling of styles. She also explored how contemporary fashion could be modified to reflect the current trend to celebrate Native pride. [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010217–218-6) In 1978 after five years of working as a librarian, Wood decided to change direction and focus her attention on fiber arts [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmitt2016126-2) and finding a publisher for her book. [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_Arizona_Republic''197931-4) She decided to remain at home, when her son was born in 1979 and began sewing. The book, Native American Fashion, was finally published in 1981 and for over four decades was the only work to focus exclusively on contemporary Native American fashion (/wiki/Native_American_fashion) . [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010217–218-6) That same year, she launched Native American Fashions, Inc. and spent the next decade focused on fashion. [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010227-8) She participated in numerous fashion shows and exhibitions that highlighted her work,. [9] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmitt2016133-9) In 1984, while attending the Annual Heard show, Wood was uninspired by the quilts (/wiki/Quilt) entered and decided to try to design one. She entered her first attempt in the 1985 show, earning an honorable mention. She began studying the art of quiltmaking, including the fabrics to use and various techniques, like applique (/wiki/Applique) , mola (/wiki/Mola_(art_form)) and trapunto (/wiki/Trapunto) . Until 1990, Wood considered herself to be a fashion designer who quilted, but that year, she began to focus on quilting, [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmitt2016128-10) [11] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010228-11) as it allowed her more freedom for creative expression. [12] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFauntleroy199345-12) Wood often works in series. Her first designs were geometric patterns found of basketry, beadwork (/wiki/Beadwork) , and in Navajo weaving (/wiki/Navajo_weaving) . [13] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoerfler1984207-13) [14] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmitt2016129-14) She later expanded her work to include more personal stories, interpreting the difficulty experienced by Native Americans of having to live in two cultures [14] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmitt2016129-14) and biographical works focused on her family members. [15] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmitt2016131-15) The quilts she designed for her father and mother, featured maze designs and different iconography to represent significant moments in each of their histories as they journeyed through their lives. [16] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmitt2016132–133-16) Some of her groups, like The Bag Series are more like fabric sculptures. This series focused on various types of containers used by Native Americans and featured bags of varying sizes. [12] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFauntleroy199345-12) Wood's work has been widely exhibited in various museums. She has been an invited participant to Expressions of Spirit: Contemporary American Indian Art at the Wheelwright (1995); Native American Quilts from the Southwest: Tradition, Creativity, and Inspiration at the Institute of American Indian Arts (/wiki/Institute_of_American_Indian_Arts) (1998–1999); [9] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmitt2016133-9) Head, Heart and Hands: Native American Craft Traditions in a Contemporary World at the Kentucky Museum of Art and Craft (/wiki/Kentucky_Museum_of_Art_and_Craft) of Louisville (/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky) and the Museum of Art (/wiki/Museum_of_Art_-_DeLand) in DeLand, Florida (/wiki/DeLand,_Florida) (1998); [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTE''The_News_Herald''199816-17) Changing Hands: Art without Reservation at the American Craft Museum (/wiki/American_Craft_Museum) in Manhattan (2002) and the New Mexico Museum of Art (/wiki/New_Mexico_Museum_of_Art) in Santa Fe (2003); Native Quilters of the Southwest at the Navajo Nation Museum (/wiki/Navajo_Nation_Museum) (2005); and Quilt Stories at the Riverside Metropolitan Museum (/wiki/Riverside_Metropolitan_Museum) of Riverside, California (/wiki/Riverside,_California) (2008–2009), among many others. [9] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmitt2016133-9) References [ edit ] Citations [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchmitt2016131–132_1-0) Schmitt 2016 (#CITEREFSchmitt2016) , pp. 131–132. ^ Jump up to: a b c Schmitt 2016 (#CITEREFSchmitt2016) , p. 126. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''The_Farmington_Daily_Times''19733_3-0) The Farmington Daily Times 1973 (#CITEREFThe_Farmington_Daily_Times1973) , p. 3. ^ Jump up to: a b c The Arizona Republic 1979 (#CITEREFThe_Arizona_Republic1979) , p. 31. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010219_5-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , p. 219. ^ Jump up to: a b c Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , pp. 217–218. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMartin198237_7-0) Martin 1982 (#CITEREFMartin1982) , p. 37. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010227_8-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , p. 227. ^ Jump up to: a b c Schmitt 2016 (#CITEREFSchmitt2016) , p. 133. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchmitt2016128_10-0) Schmitt 2016 (#CITEREFSchmitt2016) , p. 128. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetcalfe2010228_11-0) Metcalfe 2010 (#CITEREFMetcalfe2010) , p. 228. ^ Jump up to: a b Fauntleroy 1993 (#CITEREFFauntleroy1993) , p. 45. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDoerfler1984207_13-0) Doerfler 1984 (#CITEREFDoerfler1984) , p. 207. ^ Jump up to: a b Schmitt 2016 (#CITEREFSchmitt2016) , p. 129. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchmitt2016131_15-0) Schmitt 2016 (#CITEREFSchmitt2016) , p. 131. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchmitt2016132–133_16-0) Schmitt 2016 (#CITEREFSchmitt2016) , pp. 132–133. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE''The_News_Herald''199816_17-0) The News Herald 1998 (#CITEREFThe_News_Herald1998) , p. 16. Bibliography [ edit ] Bolton, Johanna M. (August 13, 1986). "From Buckskin to Raw Silk (pt. 1)" (https://newspaperarchive.com/celebrity-clipping-aug-13-1986-1306519/) . The Santa Fe Reporter (/wiki/The_Santa_Fe_Reporter) . Santa Fe, New Mexico. p. 102 . Retrieved August 12, 2019 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . , Bolton, Johanna M. (August 13, 1986). "From Buckskin to Silk (pt. 2)" (https://newspaperarchive.com/celebrity-clipping-aug-13-1986-1306523/) . The Santa Fe Reporter (/wiki/The_Santa_Fe_Reporter) . Santa Fe, New Mexico. p. 103 . Retrieved August 12, 2019 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . and Bolton, Johanna M. (August 13, 1986). "From Buckskin to Raw Silk (pt. 3)" (https://newspaperarchive.com/celebrity-clipping-aug-13-1986-1306527/) . The Santa Fe Reporter (/wiki/The_Santa_Fe_Reporter) . Santa Fe, New Mexico. p. 105 . Retrieved August 12, 2019 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . Doerfler, Susan (September 23, 1984). "Symmetrical expression" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/34774466/doerfler_susan_the_arizona_republic/) . The Arizona Republic (/wiki/The_Arizona_Republic) . Phoenix, Arizona. p. 207 . Retrieved August 12, 2019 – via Newspapers.com (/wiki/Newspapers.com) . Fauntleroy, Gussie (July 2, 1993). "Margaret Wood's quilts, soft sculptures open new show" (https://newspaperarchive.com/celebrity-clipping-jul-02-1993-1306516/) . The Santa Fe New Mexican (/wiki/The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican) . Santa Fe, New Mexico. p. 45 . Retrieved August 12, 2019 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . Martin, J. C. (August 20, 1982). "Everything old seems new again" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/34774591/arizona_daily_star/) . The Arizona Daily Star (/wiki/The_Arizona_Daily_Star) . Tucson, Arizona. p. 37 . Retrieved August 11, 2019 – via Newspapers.com (/wiki/Newspapers.com) . Metcalfe, Jessica RheAnn (2010). Native Designers of High Fashion: Expressing Identity, Creativity, and Tradition in Contemporary Customary Clothing Design (PhD). Tucson, Arizona: University of Arizona (/wiki/University_of_Arizona) . hdl (/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)) : 10150/194057 (https://hdl.handle.net/10150%2F194057) . Phillips, Alleen Paul (August 19, 1982). " (https://newspaperarchive.com/celebrity-clipping-aug-19-1982-1306559/) 'Native American Fashion' author at Indian Market" (https://newspaperarchive.com/celebrity-clipping-aug-19-1982-1306559/) . The Santa Fe New Mexican (/wiki/The_Santa_Fe_New_Mexican) . Santa Fe, New Mexico. p. 28 . Retrieved August 12, 2019 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . Schmitt, Rory O'Neill (2016). "9. Margaret Wood" (https://books.google.com/books?id=AGxBCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT126) . Navajo and Hopi Art in Arizona: Continuing Traditions . Charleston, South Carolina: The History Press (/wiki/Arcadia_Publishing) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-62585-560-2 . Smallcanyon, Rose B. (October 14, 1982). "Native American Fashion captures rich artistry" (https://newspaperarchive.com/celebrity-clipping-oct-14-1982-1306530/) . The Navajo Times (/wiki/The_Navajo_Times) . Window Rock, Arizona. p. 14 . Retrieved August 12, 2019 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . "American Indian craft show sets off on national tour" (https://newspaperarchive.com/celebrity-clipping-sep-14-1998-1306554/) . The News Herald (/wiki/The_News_Herald_(Panama_City)) . Panama City, Florida. September 14, 1998. p. 16 . Retrieved August 12, 2019 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . "I make fashions to show off Indian jewelry" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/34774519/arizona_republic/) . The Arizona Republic (/wiki/The_Arizona_Republic) . Phoenix, Arizona. December 18, 1979. p. 31 . Retrieved August 11, 2019 – via Newspapers.com (/wiki/Newspapers.com) . "Navajo Library Needs Observed" (https://newspaperarchive.com/celebrity-clipping-nov-06-1973-1306531/) . The Farmington Daily Times (/wiki/The_Farmington_Daily_Times) . Farmington, New Mexico. November 6, 1973. p. 3 . Retrieved August 11, 2019 – via Newspaperarchive.com (/wiki/Newspaperarchive.com) . "What they are wearing" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/34774630/what_they_are_wearing_the_arizona/) . The Arizona Daily Star (/wiki/The_Arizona_Daily_Star) . Tucson, Arizona. July 27, 1984. p. 35 . Retrieved August 12, 2019 – via Newspapers.com (/wiki/Newspapers.com) . Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000083204762) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/115103648) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJhXb3xJgVPHHkqpJfp3wC) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81016855) Australia (https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36235881) Academics CiNii (https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA10092650?l=en) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐7f7cb59755‐2hp8m Cached time: 20240717203652 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.901 seconds Real time usage: 1.215 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3866/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 43675/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4055/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 8/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 52284/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.625/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 8551596/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1149.714 1 -total 26.72% 307.163 1 Template:Infobox_person 20.08% 230.870 12 Template:Cite_news 17.07% 196.239 1 Template:Short_description 14.36% 165.086 1 Template:Authority_control 12.71% 146.097 27 Template:Sfn 12.34% 141.904 45 Template:Main_other 9.26% 106.407 1 Template:SDcat 7.26% 83.473 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 6.46% 74.314 1 Template:Wikidata_image Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:61488371-0!canonical and timestamp 20240717203652 and revision id 1223637767. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Wood_(fashion_designer)&oldid=1223637767 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Margaret_Wood_(fashion_designer)&oldid=1223637767) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1950 births (/wiki/Category:1950_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) People from La Paz County, Arizona (/wiki/Category:People_from_La_Paz_County,_Arizona) Navajo women artists (/wiki/Category:Navajo_women_artists) Arizona State University alumni (/wiki/Category:Arizona_State_University_alumni) University of Denver alumni (/wiki/Category:University_of_Denver_alumni) Native American women artists (/wiki/Category:Native_American_women_artists) Indigenous fashion designers of the Americas (/wiki/Category:Indigenous_fashion_designers_of_the_Americas) American women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:American_women_fashion_designers) Seminole Nation of Oklahoma people (/wiki/Category:Seminole_Nation_of_Oklahoma_people) 20th-century American artists (/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_artists) 20th-century American women artists (/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_women_artists) 20th-century Native American artists (/wiki/Category:20th-century_Native_American_artists) 20th-century Native American women (/wiki/Category:20th-century_Native_American_women) 21st-century Native American women (/wiki/Category:21st-century_Native_American_women) Native American designers (/wiki/Category:Native_American_designers) Textile artists from Arizona (/wiki/Category:Textile_artists_from_Arizona) 21st-century American artists (/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_artists) 21st-century American women artists (/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_women_artists) 21st-century Native American artists (/wiki/Category:21st-century_Native_American_artists) Navajo textile artists (/wiki/Category:Navajo_textile_artists) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Use mdy dates from August 2019 (/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_August_2019) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles with ISNI identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_ISNI_identifiers) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_WorldCat_Entities_identifiers) Articles with LCCN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers) Articles with NLA identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_NLA_identifiers) Articles with CINII identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_CINII_identifiers)
Modeling agency This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/The_Society_Management) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "The Society Management" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22The+Society+Management%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22The+Society+Management%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22The+Society+Management%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22The+Society+Management%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22The+Society+Management%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22The+Society+Management%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( March 2020 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) The Society Management Founded 2013 ; 11 years ago ( 2013 ) Headquarters New York City, U.S. Key people Chris Gay ( CEO (/wiki/Chief_executive_officer) ) Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) Elite World Group (/wiki/Elite_Model_Management) Website www (http://www.thesocietymanagement.com) .thesocietymanagement (http://www.thesocietymanagement.com) .com (http://www.thesocietymanagement.com) The Society Management , or more commonly referred to as The Society or simply just Society , is a talent management and modelling agency (/wiki/Modelling_agency) based in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . It was established in 2013 and serves as the official U.S. division of the Elite World Group (/wiki/Elite_Model_Management) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Talent [ edit ] The agency represents both men and women, in addition to a celebrity and creatives board that consist of influencers, athletes, musicians, and artists. Models [ edit ] Adesuwa Aighewi (/wiki/Adesuwa_Aighewi) Adut Akech (/wiki/Adut_Akech) Africa Peñalver (/wiki/Africa_Pe%C3%B1alver) Aiden Curtiss (/wiki/Aiden_Curtiss) Amber Valletta (/wiki/Amber_Valletta) Amilna Estêvão (/wiki/Amilna_Est%C3%AAv%C3%A3o) Ansolet Rossouw (/wiki/Ansolet_Rossouw) Arlenis Sosa (/wiki/Arlenis_Sosa) Bhumika Arora (/wiki/Bhumika_Arora) Birgit Kos (/wiki/Birgit_Kos) Calu Rivero (/wiki/Calu_Rivero) Camille Rowe (/wiki/Camille_Rowe) Caroline Brasch Nielsen (/wiki/Caroline_Brasch_Nielsen) Caroline Trentini (/wiki/Caroline_Trentini) Cindy Bruna (/wiki/Cindy_Bruna) Cora Emmanuel (/wiki/Cora_Emmanuel) Enikő Mihalik (/wiki/Enik%C5%91_Mihalik) Faretta (/wiki/Faretta) Fran Summers (/wiki/Fran_Summers) Grace Elizabeth (/wiki/Grace_Elizabeth) Greta Hofer (/wiki/Greta_Hofer_(model)) Greta Varlese (/wiki/Greta_Varlese) Harleth Kuusik (/wiki/Harleth_Kuusik) Irina Shayk (/wiki/Irina_Shayk) Jacquelyn Jablonski (/wiki/Jacquelyn_Jablonski) Jasmine Sanders (/wiki/Jasmine_Sanders) Josephine Skriver (/wiki/Josephine_Skriver) Julia Banaś (/wiki/Julia_Bana%C5%9B) Karlie Kloss (/wiki/Karlie_Kloss) Kate Bock (/wiki/Kate_Bock) Kelsey Merritt (/wiki/Kelsey_Merritt) Kendall Jenner (/wiki/Kendall_Jenner) Kōki (/wiki/K%C5%8Dki_(model)) Lindsey Wixson (/wiki/Lindsey_Wixson) Liu Wen (/wiki/Liu_Wen_(model)) Luma Grothe (/wiki/Luma_Grothe) Mayowa Nicholas (/wiki/Mayowa_Nicholas) Mika Schneider (/wiki/Mika_Schneider_(model)) Molly Bair (/wiki/Molly_Bair) Mona Tougaard (/wiki/Mona_Tougaard) Natalie Ogg (/wiki/Natalie_Ogg) Nathan Westling (/wiki/Nathan_Westling) Nina Marker (/wiki/Nina_Marker) Ruth and May Bell (/wiki/Ruth_and_May_Bell) Sara Grace Wallerstedt (/wiki/Sara_Grace_Wallerstedt) Staz Lindes (/wiki/Staz_Lindes) Stella Maxwell (/wiki/Stella_Maxwell) Tami Williams (/wiki/Tami_Williams) Ugbad Abdi (/wiki/Ugbad_Abdi) Vittoria Ceretti (/wiki/Vittoria_Ceretti) Yasmin Wijnaldum (/wiki/Yasmin_Wijnaldum) Yoon Young Bae (/wiki/Yoon_Young_Bae) Yuka Mannami (/wiki/Yuka_Mannami) Yumi Nu (/wiki/Yumi_Nu) Zinnia Kumar (/wiki/Zinnia_Kumar) Creatives & Celebrities [ edit ] Allison Ponthier (/wiki/Allison_Ponthier) Ama Lou (/wiki/Ama_Lou) Angus Cloud (/wiki/Angus_Cloud) Cameron Dallas (/wiki/Cameron_Dallas) Ciara (/wiki/Ciara) HoYeon Jung (/wiki/HoYeon_Jung) Jaden Smith (/wiki/Jaden_Smith) Okay Kaya (/wiki/Okay_Kaya) Pamela Anderson (/wiki/Pamela_Anderson) Phoebe Tonkin (/wiki/Phoebe_Tonkin) Russell Westbrook (/wiki/Russell_Westbrook) Russell Wilson (/wiki/Russell_Wilson) Saint Jhn (/wiki/Saint_Jhn) Tao Okamoto (/wiki/Tao_Okamoto) Willow Smith (/wiki/Willow_Smith) See also [ edit ] List of modeling agencies (/wiki/List_of_modeling_agencies) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "A New Model Modelling Agency" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/news-analysis/a-new-model-modelling-agency/) . businessoffashion.com. 11 April 2013 . Retrieved 2013-04-12 . External links [ edit ] The Society Management (http://www.thesocietymanagement.com) The Society Management on Models.com (http://models.com/agency/The-Society-Management) Elite Model World (http://www.elitemodelworld.com/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐7dcbc8b498‐ff2xd Cached time: 20240701003922 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.313 seconds Real time usage: 0.457 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1598/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 19475/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1611/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 9037/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.188/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4431837/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 421.232 1 -total 30.74% 129.485 1 Template:Infobox_company 24.87% 104.762 1 Template:Infobox 24.67% 103.938 1 Template:Short_description 21.48% 90.475 1 Template:Reflist 20.07% 84.540 1 Template:More_citations_needed 18.81% 79.238 1 Template:Cite_web 17.99% 75.773 1 Template:Ambox 13.78% 58.036 9 Template:Main_other 10.70% 45.058 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:39091762-0!canonical and timestamp 20240701003922 and revision id 1223387039. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Society_Management&oldid=1223387039 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Society_Management&oldid=1223387039) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Talent agencies of the United States (/wiki/Category:Talent_agencies_of_the_United_States) Modeling agencies (/wiki/Category:Modeling_agencies) Companies based in New York (state) (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_New_York_(state)) American companies established in 2012 (/wiki/Category:American_companies_established_in_2012) Entertainment companies established in 2012 (/wiki/Category:Entertainment_companies_established_in_2012) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles needing additional references from March 2020 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_March_2020) All articles needing additional references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references)
Athletic shoe manufactured by Reebok Reebok Nano Product type Athletic shoe (/wiki/Athletic_shoe) Owner Reebok (/wiki/Reebok) Introduced 2011 ; 13 years ago ( 2011 ) Markets Worldwide Website reebok.com/nano (https://www.reebok.com/us/nano) Reebok Nano is an athletic shoe (/wiki/Athletic_shoe) that is the first specifically designed for CrossFit (/wiki/CrossFit) . [1] (#cite_note-wodreview-1) The first generation was released in 2011. History [ edit ] Advertisement for the Reebok Nano In 2011, Reebok became the official provider of licensed CrossFit footwear and apparel, and released the first Reebok Nano. The shoe was designed to be used for high-impact movements, weightlifting, and short-distance running. [2] (#cite_note-outdoorgearlab-2) The shoe's design includes a spacious toe box (/wiki/Toe_box) . [3] (#cite_note-sneakerreport-3) The following year, Nano 2.0 was released. [4] (#cite_note-fitnesscultchronicles-4) Men's Fitness (/wiki/Men%27s_Fitness) included the shoe on its list of " Workout Gear for CrossFit: 15 New Products to Improve Your Daily Workout. " [5] (#cite_note-mensfitness-5) The shoe has a wider toe box than the first generation to allow an athlete's foot to play more naturally and maximize stability. Nano 4.0 Nano 3.0 was introduced in 2013. The shoe provides forefoot cushioning and heel stabilization with its dual-density platform. The shoe has a protective layer in its midsole to prevent fraying caused by rope climbs and features a wide toe box and midsole to provide stability during lifts. [6] (#cite_note-therxreview2-6) The Nano 3.0 introduced "Dura-Cage" construction for additional protection and lightweight support. The fourth generation of the shoe was introduced during the 2014 CrossFit Games (/wiki/CrossFit#CrossFit_Games) . [7] (#cite_note-therxreview-7) The front of the shoe has a protection layer and enhanced toe-wrap for durability. [8] (#cite_note-amongmen-8) It also features a rigid sole that provides more grip and stability than previous Nano models. [8] (#cite_note-amongmen-8) The fifth generation of the shoe was introduced in 2015 and is wrapped in Kevlar (/wiki/Kevlar) . It boasts of a newly engineered anatomical heel counter and footbed, with an R55 platform for additional high rebound and cushioning. [9] (#cite_note-9) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-wodreview_1-0) Gabriel Simon. "Which Reebok CrossFit shoe is best for you?" (http://wodreview.com/shoes/reebok-crossfit-shoes) . Retrieved February 10, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-outdoorgearlab_2-0) Kate Brierley (March 23, 2014). "The Best Women's Shoes for CrossFit Training" (https://www.outdoorgearlab.com/Shoes-For-Crossfit-Womens-Reviews) . Retrieved February 10, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-sneakerreport_3-0) Riley Jones (August 23, 2013). "Know Your Tech: Reebok U-Form" (http://sneakerreport.com/news/know-your-tech-reebok-u-form/) . Retrieved February 10, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-fitnesscultchronicles_4-0) "Cross Training Shoe Guide" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140822212653/http://www.fitnesscultchronicles.com/cross-traininng-shoe-guide) . Archived from the original (http://www.fitnesscultchronicles.com/cross-traininng-shoe-guide/) on August 22, 2014 . Retrieved February 10, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-mensfitness_5-0) Mattie Schuler. "Workout Gear For CrossFit:15 Products to Improve Your Daily Workout" (http://www.mensfitness.com/life/gearandtech/crossfit-gear-15-new-products-to-improve-your-daily-workout/slide/9) . Retrieved February 10, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-therxreview2_6-0) "Reebok CrossFit Nano 3.0 vs. Nano Speed" (http://therxreview.com/nano-3-0-vs-nano-speed/) . February 4, 2014 . Retrieved February 10, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-therxreview_7-0) "Review: Reebok CrossFit Nano 4.0" (http://therxreview.com/review-reebok-crossfit-nano-4-0/) . Retrieved February 10, 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Christopher Turner (October 6, 2014). "Editor's Pick: Reebok Nano 4.0" (http://www.amongmen.com/editors-blog/editors-pick-reebok-nano-4) . Retrieved February 10, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) staff, Sport360. "Reebok announce release of special CrossFit Nano 5.0 trainers - Sport360 News" (https://sport360.com/article/health-and-fitness/38468/reebok-announce-release-special-crossfit-nano-50-trainers) . sport360.com . Retrieved 2022-07-06 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list) ) External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Reebok Nano (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Reebok_Nano) . official website (https://web.archive.org/web/20230412151716/https://www.reebok.com/us/nano) (archived, 2023) v t e Reebok International Ltd. (/wiki/Reebok) Subsidiaries Former Avia (/wiki/Avia_(shoes)) CCM (/wiki/CCM_(ice_hockey)) Rockport (/wiki/Rockport_(company)) Brands Classic (/wiki/Reebok_Classic) Sneakers Freestyle (/wiki/Reebok_Freestyle) Nano Pump (/wiki/Reebok_Pump) Ventilator (/wiki/Reebok_Ventilator) Zig (/wiki/Reebok_Zig) Related companies Authentic Brands Group (/wiki/Authentic_Brands_Group) (parent) Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) (former parent) J.W. Foster & Sons (/wiki/J.W._Foster_and_Sons) (predecessor) Advertising Campaigns (/wiki/Reebok_advertising_campaigns) Dan & Dave (/wiki/Dan_%26_Dave) Terry Tate: Office Linebacker (/wiki/Terry_Tate:_Office_Linebacker) Sponsorships Boston Track Club (/wiki/Reebok_Boston_Track_Club) Human Rights Award (/wiki/Reebok_Human_Rights_Award) Pro Summer League (/wiki/Reebok_Pro_Summer_League) Reebok Stadium (/wiki/Toughsheet_Community_Stadium) Key people Joseph W. Foster (/wiki/Joseph_William_Foster) (co-founder) Swizz Beatz (/wiki/Swizz_Beatz) Category (/wiki/Category:Reebok) Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Reebok_International_Limited) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐vd2ct Cached time: 20240720180537 Cache expiry: 971665 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.664 seconds Real time usage: 1.143 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1258/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 34193/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1287/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 44156/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.447/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5490115/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 783.149 1 -total 36.85% 288.557 1 Template:Reflist 32.75% 256.506 9 Template:Cite_web 27.39% 214.543 1 Template:Reebok 27.21% 213.057 2 Template:Navbox 13.80% 108.088 1 Template:Short_description 12.24% 95.826 1 Template:Infobox_brand 11.39% 89.186 1 Template:Infobox 8.54% 66.897 1 Template:Commons_cat 8.18% 64.052 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:45360784-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720180537 and revision id 1232285201. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reebok_Nano&oldid=1232285201 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reebok_Nano&oldid=1232285201) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : CrossFit (/wiki/Category:CrossFit) Reebok brands (/wiki/Category:Reebok_brands) Hidden categories: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata)
David Bowie Is A view of the Brooklyn Museum in New York flying a David Bowie Is banner in March 2018 Date 23 March 2013 ( 2013-03-23 ) – 15 July 2018 ( 2018-07-15 ) Type Museum exhibition Theme David Bowie (/wiki/David_Bowie) Website davidbowieis (http://davidbowieis.com) .com (http://davidbowieis.com) David Bowie Is was a touring museum exhibit (/wiki/Exhibit_design) displaying history, artifacts and information about the life, music, films, tours, and art of English singer-songwriter and actor David Bowie (/wiki/David_Bowie) . The show opened in March 2013 at the Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) in London and ended in July 2018 at the Brooklyn Museum (/wiki/Brooklyn_Museum) in New York City. Over its five-year run, it stopped at 12 museums around the world and attracted over two million visitors. At each museum, the exhibit displayed about 500 objects; often a few hundred were unique to that particular museum. [1] (#cite_note-MSN2-1) An accompanying documentary film, also titled David Bowie Is , was directed by Hamish Hamilton (/wiki/Hamish_Hamilton_(director)) , Katy Mullan, and Hanif Kureishi (/wiki/Hanif_Kureishi) . [2] (#cite_note-2) After the exhibit closed in July 2018, it was announced that in early 2019 a new, virtual version of the exhibit would be released on virtual and augmented reality platforms. [3] (#cite_note-dbb-3) History [ edit ] The Union Jack coat on display at the David Bowie Is exhibition in 2018. Near the end of 2010, an archivist for Bowie's collection contacted the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) and asked if they'd be interested in a display. Bowie had saved most of the artifacts, costumes and props from his career, and had almost 75,000 pieces in a private collection. [4] (#cite_note-NYT-4) Bowie allowed Victoria Broackes and Geoffrey Marsh (/wiki/Geoffrey_Marsh_(museum_director)) , the V&A museum curators, free access to his archives for the show, although he did not get involved with how the pieces were displayed, nor the narrative of the show itself. [5] (#cite_note-MSN1-5) Broackes and Marsh said that Bowie was "at the top of a very short list of people the V&A would cover as a single artist," [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPegg2016701-6) and that Bowie "had one of the most, if not the most, complete archive of any pop music artist" they had ever seen. [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPegg2016701-6) Broackes said that they got everything they asked for to display, except for items that had gone missing, such as Bowie's dress worn for the cover of his album The Man Who Sold the World (/wiki/The_Man_Who_Sold_the_World_(album)) (1970). [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPegg2016702-7) According to museum directors at the Brooklyn Museum (/wiki/Brooklyn_Museum) , "David Bowie asked that the exhibit open in London and close here [in New York]". [5] (#cite_note-MSN1-5) The V&A Museum worked with 59 Productions and Real Studios to design the exhibit. [8] (#cite_note-8) When the show was first booked at the V&A Museum, it was not generally believed that the exhibit would be very successful, [5] (#cite_note-MSN1-5) but it became the museum's fastest selling show with over 300,000 visitors. The success of the show at the V&A museum resulted in the decision to take the exhibit on tour, and it has sold roughly two million tickets across 11 cities around the world as of March 2018. [5] (#cite_note-MSN1-5) As of 2018, the David Bowie Is exhibition holds the record for being the most visited exhibit in the V&A Museum's history. [5] (#cite_note-MSN1-5) When Bowie died in early 2016 (/wiki/Death_of_David_Bowie) , the museum tour was almost canceled, with concerns for if and how the show would go on. There were also discussions as to whether to keep the name in the present tense as David Bowie Is . [5] (#cite_note-MSN1-5) The exhibit, which was at the Groninger Museum (/wiki/Groninger_Museum) in the Netherlands at the time, instead extended the show for 4 weeks to allow grieving fans to attend. [9] (#cite_note-Guard1-9) Exhibit contents [ edit ] A typical stop of the exhibit included around 500 objects, including over 60 performance costumes, handwritten lyrics, and Bowie's own oil paintings. [5] (#cite_note-MSN1-5) The exhibition was organized thematically rather than chronologically. It included outfits designed by Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) , Hedi Slimane (/wiki/Hedi_Slimane) , Issey Miyake (/wiki/Issey_Miyake) , Vivienne Westwood (/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood) and Kansai Yamamoto (/wiki/Kansai_Yamamoto) . There were over 50 video pieces, including television performances, music videos and concert footage. [1] (#cite_note-MSN2-1) Music journalist Dan Hyman wrote in Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) of the Chicago exhibition that the retrospective taught him five things about Bowie; Namely that Bowie was "a fantastic painter and illustrator", "an avid collector of minutiae", "a style icon", "a tech geek at heart", and "an unflinching self-editor". [10] (#cite_note-10) David Bowie on stage during his Heathen Tour (/wiki/Heathen_Tour) in 2002; a portion of the lights' "W","I" and "E" are visible at the top of the picture. Some museums included items unique to their country or city, reflecting Bowie's connection to the area. For example, in New York, where Bowie lived, Brooklyn Museum's Matthew Yokobosky said "We have the original backdrop from when he performed in The Elephant Man (/wiki/The_Elephant_Man_(play)) on Broadway (/wiki/Broadway_theatre) , and moments from when he worked on Julian Schnabel (/wiki/Julian_Schnabel) ’s film Basquiat (/wiki/Basquiat_(film)) , on the life of New York artist Jean-Michel Basquiat (/wiki/Jean-Michel_Basquiat) . … While most of the Young Americans (/wiki/Young_Americans) album was recorded in Philadelphia, " Fame (/wiki/Fame_(David_Bowie_song)) " was actually recorded in New York City. That's how John Lennon (/wiki/John_Lennon) just happened to stop by the studio that day. He [Lennon] actually did a drawing for David in the studio and I have that drawing in the show." [5] (#cite_note-MSN1-5) Yokobosky also spoke about how and why they got the letters "BOWIE" for the exhibit: “The first time I met with Bowie’s archivist at the archive, I looked down one of the aisles and saw a photograph of the letter W resting on a case. I asked what it was, and the archivist told me that it corresponded to one of the letters from Bowie’s New York marathon tour (/wiki/Heathen_Tour) in 2002, when he played five theaters in five boroughs (/wiki/Five_boroughs) of the city in five days—and every night they moved these brilliant letters which spelled out his name in light bulbs. Well, I saw that tour in the Beacon Theater (/wiki/Beacon_Theatre_(New_York_City)) , and I just blurted out, ‘I want the letters.’ They hadn't been seen since that tour, and we spent two months trying to figure out how to get them to work again." [1] (#cite_note-MSN2-1) While in Berlin at the Martin-Gropius-Bau (/wiki/Martin-Gropius-Bau) museum, the exhibition added pieces from Bowie's time in West Berlin, his collaborations with Iggy Pop (/wiki/Iggy_Pop) , and his Berlin Trilogy (/wiki/Berlin_Trilogy) : Low (/wiki/Low_(David_Bowie_album)) (1977), "Heroes" (/wiki/%22Heroes%22_(David_Bowie_album)) (1977), and Lodger (/wiki/Lodger_(album)) (1979). [5] (#cite_note-MSN1-5) When David Bowie Is opened in Tokyo, pieces from Japanese collaborator Kansai Yamamoto were highlighted, having designed costumes during Bowie's Ziggy Stardust (/wiki/The_Rise_and_Fall_of_Ziggy_Stardust_and_the_Spiders_from_Mars) (1972) and Aladdin Sane (/wiki/Aladdin_Sane) (1973) periods. [5] (#cite_note-MSN1-5) Scottish artist Paul Robertson contributed "The Periodic Table of Bowie" to the exhibition, a faux- periodic table (/wiki/Periodic_table) of artists that have influenced, or were influenced by, Bowie over his career. [11] (#cite_note-11) The final stop of David Bowie Is at the Brooklyn Museum (2 March to 15 July 2018) saw the release of the album Live In Berlin (1978) , as well as a 7″ single containing the US single edit of 'Time'/'The Prettiest Star'. There was also the red vinyl version of iSelect (/wiki/ISelect) , a 12 song compilation, which had first been made available in this format at the Paris exhibition. Live In Berlin was recorded on 16 May 1978 at the Deutschlandhalle in West Berlin during Bowie’s Isolar II Tour (/wiki/Isolar_II_%E2%80%93_The_1978_World_Tour) . [12] (#cite_note-12) Technology [ edit ] The V&A Museum worked with audio company Sennheiser (/wiki/Sennheiser) to create a custom audio experience for the exhibit. Originally the curators were nervous to ask visitors to wear headphones, fearing it would isolate them. As visitors walked around the exhibit, the audio changed as they entered "spheres" of Bowie's work, relating to particular events, people or cities that the artist has worked in. [5] (#cite_note-MSN1-5) The headphones required no interaction; the music and information you hear simply changed as you approached different parts of the exhibit. [1] (#cite_note-MSN2-1) Producer Tony Visconti (/wiki/Tony_Visconti) , who worked with Bowie for many years, created a unique megamix (/wiki/Megamix) from the master tapes of more than 60 Bowie songs for the exhibition. [13] (#cite_note-13) Part of the exhibition included a cavernous room with large video screens displaying various Bowie live performances throughout the years and featuring surround sound, in which visitors were asked to remove their headphones. [1] (#cite_note-MSN2-1) Augmented reality app [ edit ] Announced in 2018, [3] (#cite_note-dbb-3) the augmented reality (/wiki/Augmented_reality) application was released on iOS (/wiki/IOS) and android (/wiki/Android_(operating_system)) devices on 8 January 2019, coinciding with Bowie's birthday. Bowie's friend, actor Gary Oldman (/wiki/Gary_Oldman) , provides the voice-over for the application, which allows users virtual access to the costumes, videos, handwritten lyrics, and original works of art as seen in the museum show. The application also includes access to "dozens" of items that were not part of the original exhibition. [14] (#cite_note-14) Dates of museum shows [ edit ] Museum Location Opened Closed V&A Museum (/wiki/V%26A_Museum) London, England 23 March 2013 11 August 2013 [5] (#cite_note-MSN1-5) [15] (#cite_note-dbilb-15) Art Gallery of Ontario (/wiki/Art_Gallery_of_Ontario) (AGO) Toronto (/wiki/Toronto) , Ontario, Canada 25 September 2013 27 [15] (#cite_note-dbilb-15) /29 [16] (#cite_note-16) November 2013 Museu da Imagem e do Som (/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Museum_of_Image_and_Sound) (MIS) São Paulo, Brazil (/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo,_Brazil) 31 January 2014 [17] (#cite_note-17) 20 April 2014 [15] (#cite_note-dbilb-15) Martin-Gropius-Bau (/wiki/Martin-Gropius-Bau) Berlin (/wiki/Berlin) , Germany 20 May 2014 24 August 2014 [15] (#cite_note-dbilb-15) Museum of Contemporary Art (/wiki/Museum_of_Contemporary_Art,_Chicago) Chicago, USA (/wiki/Chicago,_USA) 23 September 2014 4 January 2015 [18] (#cite_note-18) Philharmonie de Paris (/wiki/Philharmonie_de_Paris) Paris, France 2 [15] (#cite_note-dbilb-15) /3 [19] (#cite_note-19) March 2015 31 May 2015 [15] (#cite_note-dbilb-15) ACMI (/wiki/Australian_Centre_for_the_Moving_Image) Melbourne (/wiki/Melbourne) 16 July 2015 1 November 2015 [20] (#cite_note-20) Groninger Museum (/wiki/Groninger_Museum) Groningen, Netherlands (/wiki/Groningen,_Netherlands) 11 [9] (#cite_note-Guard1-9) /15 [15] (#cite_note-dbilb-15) December 2015 13 March 2016 (extended 4 weeks to 10 April due to Bowie's death (/wiki/Death_of_David_Bowie) ) [9] (#cite_note-Guard1-9) Museo d'Arte Moderna di Bologna (/wiki/Museo_d%27Arte_Moderna_di_Bologna) (MAMbo) Bologna, Italy (/wiki/Bologna,_Italy) 14 July 2016 13 November 2016 [21] (#cite_note-21) Warehouse Terrada G1 Building Tokyo, Japan 8 January 2017 9 April 2017 [22] (#cite_note-22) Museu del Disseny de Barcelona (Barcelona Design Museum) (/wiki/Museu_del_Disseny_de_Barcelona_(Barcelona_Design_Museum)) Barcelona (/wiki/Barcelona) , Catalonia (/wiki/Catalonia) , Spain (/wiki/Spain) 25 May 2017 15 October 2017 [23] (#cite_note-23) Brooklyn Museum (/wiki/Brooklyn_Museum) New York City 2 March 2018 15 July 2018 [5] (#cite_note-MSN1-5) See also [ edit ] David Bowie's art collection (/wiki/David_Bowie%27s_art_collection) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Seymour, Corey (1 March 2018). " (https://web.archive.org/web/20180314104728/https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/musicnews/david-bowie-is-a-feast-for-the-senses-and-the-bowie-obsessive-arrives-at-the-brooklyn-museum/ar-BBJKii4) "David Bowie Is," A Feast For the Senses (and the Bowie Obsessive), Arrives at the Brooklyn Museum" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180314104728/https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/musicnews/david-bowie-is-a-feast-for-the-senses-and-the-bowie-obsessive-arrives-at-the-brooklyn-museum/ar-BBJKii4) . MSN (/wiki/MSN) . Archived from the original (https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/musicnews/david-bowie-is-a-feast-for-the-senses-and-the-bowie-obsessive-arrives-at-the-brooklyn-museum/ar-BBJKii4) on 14 March 2018 . Retrieved 13 March 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Clarke, Donald (6 July 2016). "Inside the David Bowie time capsule" (https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/film/inside-the-david-bowie-time-capsule-1.2712376) . The Irish Times . Retrieved 8 April 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b "David Bowie Is Virtual" (https://www.davidbowie.com/blog/2018/7/16/david-bowie-is-virtual-press-release) , DavidBowie.com , 16 July 2018 , retrieved 20 July 2018 ^ (#cite_ref-NYT_4-0) Sulcas, Roslyn (22 March 2013). "Ch-Ch-Ch Changes of David Bowie" (https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/23/arts/music/david-bowie-is-opens-at-the-victoria-and-albert-in-london.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved 13 March 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m von Aue, Mary (1 March 2018). "David Bowie Retrospective Starts Its Final Bow at Brooklyn Museum" (https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/rock/8223846/david-bowie-exhibit-brooklyn-museum) . Billboard . Retrieved 24 December 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b Pegg 2016 (#CITEREFPegg2016) , p. 701. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPegg2016702_7-0) Pegg 2016 (#CITEREFPegg2016) , p. 702. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "a ground-breaking exhibition on a legendary artist" (http://59productions.co.uk/project/david-bowie-is/) . Retrieved 14 March 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Brown, Mark (11 January 2016). "David Bowie exhibition opens as fans can't wait to say 'I love you' till Tuesday" (https://www.theguardian.com/music/2016/jan/11/david-bowie-is-exhibition-300-items-13m-visitors-but-no-bakelite-saxophone) . The Guardian . Retrieved 13 March 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Hyman, Dan (23 September 2014). " (https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/david-bowie-is-museum-retrospective-20140923) 'David Bowie Is' Incredible: Inside the Enigmatic Star's New Retrospective" (https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/david-bowie-is-museum-retrospective-20140923) . Rolling Stone . Retrieved 8 April 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "初出し！映画『デヴィッド・ボウイ・イズ』トレイラー"元素周期表編"日本語字幕版" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jPXggoTKnSg) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . 18 December 2014 . Retrieved 20 September 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Bowie Bible" (https://www.bowiebible.com/albums/live-in-berlin-1978/) . 11 May 2018 . Retrieved 17 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Marcotte, Amanda (20 May 2018). "David Bowie, up close and personal: How the "David Bowie Is" exhibit was made" (https://www.salon.com/2018/05/20/david-bowie-up-close-and-personal-how-the-david-bowie-is-exhibit-was-made/) . Salon . Retrieved 27 September 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Reilly, Nick (3 January 2019). "Gary Oldman to provide narration on new "David Bowie Is..." app" (https://www.nme.com/news/music/2426461gary-oldman-to-provide-narration-on-new-david-bowie-is-app-2426461) . NME (/wiki/NME) . Retrieved 9 April 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "David Bowie Is leaving Brooklyn" (https://www.davidbowie.com/blog/2018/7/9/david-bowie-is-leaving-brooklyn) , DavidBowie.com , 9 July 2018 , retrieved 20 July 2018 ^ (#cite_ref-16) "David Bowie is" (http://www.ago.net/david-bowie-is/) . Retrieved 14 March 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "scenographic david bowie exhibition at MIS by atelier marko brajovic" (https://www.designboom.com/design/david-bowie-exhibition-mis-atelier-marko-brajovic-29-03-2014/) . 29 March 2014 . Retrieved 14 March 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Exhibitions: David Bowie Is" (https://mcachicago.org/Exhibitions/2014/David-Bowie-Is) . Retrieved 13 March 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "David Bowie is" (http://davidbowieis.philharmoniedeparis.fr/en) . Retrieved 14 March 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "David Bowie is" (https://2015.acmi.net.au/exhibitions/bowie/) . Retrieved 14 March 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "David Bowie is (Bologna)" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180315003803/http://davidbowieis.it/en/) . Archived from the original (http://davidbowieis.it/en/) on 15 March 2018 . Retrieved 14 March 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "David Bowie is forever and ever" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180315012606/http://davidbowieis.jp/en/) . Archived from the original (http://davidbowieis.jp/en/) on 15 March 2018 . Retrieved 14 March 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "David Bowie Is" (http://ajuntament.barcelona.cat/museudeldisseny/en/exhibition/david-bowie) . Retrieved 13 March 2018 . Pegg, Nicholas (2016). The Complete David Bowie (revised and updated ed.). London: Titan Books (/wiki/Titan_Books) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-78565-365-0 . External links [ edit ] V&A Museum page on the "David Bowie Is" collection (https://www.vam.ac.uk/collections/david-bowie) David Bowie Is at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) v t e David Bowie (/wiki/David_Bowie) Discography (/wiki/David_Bowie_discography) Songs (/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_David_Bowie) Awards and nominations (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_David_Bowie) Filmography (/wiki/David_Bowie_filmography) Videography (/wiki/David_Bowie_videography) Band members (/wiki/List_of_David_Bowie_band_members) Death (/wiki/Death_of_David_Bowie) Art collection (/wiki/David_Bowie%27s_art_collection) Studio albums David Bowie (1967) (/wiki/David_Bowie_(1967_album)) David Bowie (1969) (/wiki/David_Bowie_(1969_album)) The Man Who Sold the World (/wiki/The_Man_Who_Sold_the_World_(album)) Hunky Dory (/wiki/Hunky_Dory) The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars (/wiki/The_Rise_and_Fall_of_Ziggy_Stardust_and_the_Spiders_from_Mars) Aladdin Sane (/wiki/Aladdin_Sane) Pin Ups (/wiki/Pin_Ups) Diamond Dogs (/wiki/Diamond_Dogs) Young Americans (/wiki/Young_Americans) Station to Station (/wiki/Station_to_Station) Low (/wiki/Low_(David_Bowie_album)) "Heroes" (/wiki/%22Heroes%22_(David_Bowie_album)) Lodger (/wiki/Lodger_(album)) Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps) (/wiki/Scary_Monsters_(and_Super_Creeps)) Let's Dance (/wiki/Let%27s_Dance_(David_Bowie_album)) Tonight (/wiki/Tonight_(David_Bowie_album)) Never Let Me Down (/wiki/Never_Let_Me_Down) Black Tie White Noise (/wiki/Black_Tie_White_Noise) The Buddha of Suburbia (/wiki/The_Buddha_of_Suburbia_(album)) Outside (/wiki/Outside_(David_Bowie_album)) Earthling (/wiki/Earthling_(album)) Hours (/wiki/Hours_(David_Bowie_album)) Heathen (/wiki/Heathen_(David_Bowie_album)) Reality (/wiki/Reality_(David_Bowie_album)) The Next Day (/wiki/The_Next_Day) Blackstar (/wiki/Blackstar_(album)) Toy (/wiki/Toy_(David_Bowie_album)) With Tin Machine (/wiki/Tin_Machine) Tin Machine (/wiki/Tin_Machine_(album)) Tin Machine II (/wiki/Tin_Machine_II) Live albums David Live (/wiki/David_Live) Stage (/wiki/Stage_(David_Bowie_album)) Ziggy Stardust: The Motion Picture (/wiki/Ziggy_Stardust:_The_Motion_Picture) Santa Monica '72 (/wiki/Santa_Monica_%2772) LiveAndWell.com (/wiki/LiveAndWell.com) Glass Spider (/wiki/Glass_Spider#Special_edition_CD_2007) Live Santa Monica '72 (/wiki/Live_Santa_Monica_%2772) VH1 Storytellers (/wiki/VH1_Storytellers_(David_Bowie_album)) Bowie at the Beeb (/wiki/Bowie_at_the_Beeb) A Reality Tour (/wiki/A_Reality_Tour_(album)) Live Nassau Coliseum '76 (/wiki/Live_Nassau_Coliseum_%2776) Cracked Actor (Live Los Angeles '74) (/wiki/Cracked_Actor_(Live_Los_Angeles_%2774)) Welcome to the Blackout (Live London '78) (/wiki/Welcome_to_the_Blackout_(Live_London_%2778)) Serious Moonlight (Live '83) (/wiki/Serious_Moonlight_(1983_film)) Glastonbury 2000 (/wiki/Glastonbury_2000) ChangesNowBowie (/wiki/ChangesNowBowie) Ouvrez le Chien (Live Dallas 95) (/wiki/Outside_Tour#Live_recordings) Something in the Air (Live Paris 99) (/wiki/Hours_Tour) I'm Only Dancing (The Soul Tour 74) (/wiki/I%27m_Only_Dancing_(The_Soul_Tour_74)) No Trendy Réchauffé (Live Birmingham 95) (/wiki/Outside_Tour#Birmingham,_England_(No_Trendy_Réchauffé_(Live_Birmingham_95))) Look at the Moon! (Live Phoenix Festival 97) (/wiki/Earthling_Tour#Look_at_the_Moon!_(Live_Phoenix_Festival_97)) David Bowie at the Kit Kat Klub (Live New York 99) (/wiki/Hours_Tour#David_Bowie_at_the_Kit_Kat_Klub_(Live_New_York_99)) With Tin Machine (/wiki/Tin_Machine) Tin Machine Live: Oy Vey, Baby (/wiki/Tin_Machine_Live:_Oy_Vey,_Baby) Live at La Cigale, Paris, 25th June, 1989 (/wiki/Tin_Machine_Tour#Live_recordings) Soundtracks Christiane F. (/wiki/Christiane_F._(soundtrack)) Love You till Tuesday (/wiki/Love_You_till_Tuesday_(soundtrack)) Labyrinth (/wiki/Labyrinth_(1986_soundtrack)) Lazarus (/wiki/Lazarus_(soundtrack)) Moonage Daydream (/wiki/Moonage_Daydream_(soundtrack)) EPs Baal (/wiki/Baal_(EP)) BBC Sessions 1969–1972 (/wiki/BBC_Sessions_1969%E2%80%931972_(Sampler)) Earthling in the City (/wiki/Earthling_in_the_City) Live EP (Live at Fashion Rocks) (/wiki/Live_EP_(Live_at_Fashion_Rocks)) Space Oddity (/wiki/Space_Oddity) The Next Day Extra (/wiki/The_Next_Day#The_Next_Day_Extra) No Plan (/wiki/No_Plan_(EP)) Is It Any Wonder? (/wiki/Is_It_Any_Wonder%3F_(EP)) Compilations The World of David Bowie (/wiki/The_World_of_David_Bowie) Images 1966–1967 (/wiki/Images_1966%E2%80%931967) Changesonebowie (/wiki/Changesonebowie) The Best of Bowie (/wiki/The_Best_of_Bowie) Changestwobowie (/wiki/Changestwobowie) Rare (/wiki/Rare_(David_Bowie_album)) Golden Years (/wiki/Golden_Years_(album)) Fame and Fashion (/wiki/Fame_and_Fashion) Changesbowie (/wiki/Changesbowie) Early On (1964–1966) (/wiki/Early_On_(1964%E2%80%931966)) The Singles Collection (/wiki/The_Singles_Collection_(David_Bowie_album)) Rarestonebowie (/wiki/Rarestonebowie) The Deram Anthology 1966–1968 (/wiki/The_Deram_Anthology_1966%E2%80%931968) The Best of David Bowie 1969/1974 (/wiki/The_Best_of_David_Bowie_1969/1974) The Best of David Bowie 1974/1979 (/wiki/The_Best_of_David_Bowie_1974/1979) Bowie at the Beeb (/wiki/Bowie_at_the_Beeb) All Saints (/wiki/All_Saints_(David_Bowie_album)) Best of Bowie (/wiki/Best_of_Bowie) Club Bowie (/wiki/Club_Bowie) The Collection (/wiki/The_Collection_(David_Bowie_album)) The Best of David Bowie 1980/1987 (/wiki/The_Best_of_David_Bowie_1980/1987) iSelect (/wiki/ISelect) Nothing Has Changed (/wiki/Nothing_Has_Changed) Legacy (/wiki/Legacy_(The_Very_Best_of_David_Bowie)) Box sets Sound + Vision (/wiki/Sound_%2B_Vision_(box_set)) The Platinum Collection (/wiki/The_Platinum_Collection_(David_Bowie_album)) David Bowie (/wiki/David_Bowie_(box_set)) Five Years (1969–1973) (/wiki/Five_Years_(1969%E2%80%931973)) Who Can I Be Now? (1974–1976) (/wiki/Who_Can_I_Be_Now%3F_(1974%E2%80%931976)) A New Career in a New Town (1977–1982) (/wiki/A_New_Career_in_a_New_Town_(1977%E2%80%931982)) Loving the Alien (1983–1988) (/wiki/Loving_the_Alien_(1983%E2%80%931988)) Spying Through a Keyhole (/wiki/Spying_Through_a_Keyhole) Clareville Grove Demos (/wiki/Clareville_Grove_Demos) The 'Mercury' Demos (/wiki/The_%27Mercury%27_Demos) Conversation Piece (/wiki/Conversation_Piece_(box_set)) Brilliant Live Adventures (/wiki/Brilliant_Live_Adventures) Brilliant Adventure (1992–2001) (/wiki/Brilliant_Adventure_(1992%E2%80%932001)) Concert videos The 1980 Floor Show (/wiki/The_1980_Floor_Show) Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars (/wiki/Ziggy_Stardust_and_the_Spiders_from_Mars_(film)) Serious Moonlight (/wiki/Serious_Moonlight_(1983_film)) Glass Spider (/wiki/Glass_Spider) Tin Machine Live: Oy Vey, Baby (/wiki/Tin_Machine_Live:_Oy_Vey,_Baby) VH1 Storytellers (/wiki/VH1_Storytellers_(David_Bowie_album)) Reality: Tour Ed. (/wiki/Reality_(David_Bowie_album)#Release) A Reality Tour (/wiki/A_Reality_Tour_(film)) Glastonbury 2000 (/wiki/Glastonbury_2000) Video albums Love You till Tuesday (/wiki/Love_You_till_Tuesday_(film)) Video EP (/wiki/Let%27s_Dance_(David_Bowie_album)) Jazzin' for Blue Jean (/wiki/Jazzin%27_for_Blue_Jean) Day-In Day-Out (/wiki/Day-In_Day-Out) Tin Machine (/wiki/Tin_Machine_(album)#Music_video) Bowie – The Video Collection (/wiki/Bowie_%E2%80%93_The_Video_Collection) Black Tie White Noise (/wiki/David_Bowie:_Black_Tie_White_Noise_(film)) Jump: Interactive CD-ROM (/wiki/Black_Tie_White_Noise) Best of Bowie (/wiki/Best_of_Bowie#DVD_track_listing) Reality (/wiki/Reality_(David_Bowie_album)) The Best of David Bowie 1980/1987 (/wiki/The_Best_of_David_Bowie_1980/1987) The Next Day Extra (/wiki/The_Next_Day) Documentaries Cracked Actor (/wiki/Cracked_Actor) Ricochet (/wiki/Ricochet_(documentary)) Black Tie White Noise (/wiki/David_Bowie:_Black_Tie_White_Noise_(film)) Sound and Vision (/wiki/David_Bowie:_Sound_and_Vision_(documentary)) Moonage Daydream (/wiki/Moonage_Daydream_(film)) Tours Ziggy Stardust Tour (/wiki/Ziggy_Stardust_Tour) Diamond Dogs Tour (/wiki/Diamond_Dogs_Tour) Isolar (/wiki/Isolar_%E2%80%93_1976_Tour) Isolar II (/wiki/Isolar_II_%E2%80%93_The_1978_World_Tour) Serious Moonlight Tour (/wiki/Serious_Moonlight_Tour) Glass Spider Tour (/wiki/Glass_Spider_Tour) Sound+Vision Tour (/wiki/Sound%2BVision_Tour) Outside Tour (/wiki/Outside_Tour) Earthling Tour (/wiki/Earthling_Tour) Hours Tour (/wiki/Hours_Tour) Mini Tour (/wiki/Mini_Tour_(David_Bowie)) Heathen Tour (/wiki/Heathen_Tour) A Reality Tour (/wiki/A_Reality_Tour) With Tin Machine (/wiki/Tin_Machine) Tin Machine Tour (/wiki/Tin_Machine_Tour) It's My Life Tour (/wiki/It%27s_My_Life_Tour) Characters Major Tom (/wiki/Major_Tom) The Thin White Duke (/wiki/The_Thin_White_Duke) Ziggy Stardust (/wiki/Ziggy_Stardust_(character)) The Spiders from Mars (/wiki/The_Spiders_from_Mars) In popular culture " Bowie (/wiki/Bowie_(Flight_of_the_Conchords)) " David Bowie Is Jareth (/wiki/Jareth) Phillip Jeffries (/wiki/Phillip_Jeffries) Statue of David Bowie (/wiki/Statue_of_David_Bowie) Lazarus (/wiki/Lazarus_(musical)) Stardust (/wiki/Stardust_(2020_film)) Symphony No. 1 "Low" (/wiki/Symphony_No._1_(Glass)) Symphony No. 4 "Heroes" (/wiki/Symphony_No._4_(Glass)) Symphony No. 12 "Lodger" (/wiki/Symphony_No._12_(Glass)) The Life Aquatic Studio Sessions (/wiki/The_Life_Aquatic_Studio_Sessions) We Were So Turned On: A Tribute to David Bowie (/wiki/We_Were_So_Turned_On:_A_Tribute_to_David_Bowie) Related Iman (wife) (/wiki/Iman_(model)) Angie Bowie (first wife) (/wiki/Angie_Bowie) Duncan Jones (son) (/wiki/Duncan_Jones) The Hype (/wiki/The_Hype_(band)) Junior's Eyes (/wiki/Junior%27s_Eyes) BBC Sessions (/wiki/David_Bowie_BBC_Sessions) Berlin Trilogy (/wiki/Berlin_Trilogy) Arnold Corns (/wiki/Arnold_Corns) Ava Cherry (/wiki/Ava_Cherry) The Nomad Soul (/wiki/The_Nomad_Soul) David Bowie Narrates Prokofiev's Peter and the Wolf (/wiki/David_Bowie_Narrates_Prokofiev%27s_Peter_and_the_Wolf) Heteropoda davidbowie (/wiki/Heteropoda_davidbowie) 342843 Davidbowie (/wiki/342843_Davidbowie) Tao Jones Index (/wiki/Earthling_Tour#Tao_Jones_Index) BowieNet (/wiki/BowieNet) Bowie Bonds (/wiki/Celebrity_bond#Bowie_Bonds) Category (/wiki/Category:David_Bowie) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7db4bf6597‐7nwzf Cached time: 20240717182548 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.494 seconds Real time usage: 0.625 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3475/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 82589/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 11160/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 18/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 92715/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.288/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6362452/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 2/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 521.907 1 -total 35.14% 183.389 1 Template:Reflist 22.99% 119.994 14 Template:Cite_web 21.15% 110.398 4 Template:Navbox_musical_artist 19.62% 102.412 1 Template:David_Bowie 13.61% 71.046 1 Template:Infobox_event 12.23% 63.847 1 Template:IMDb_title 7.00% 36.555 3 Template:Sfn 5.13% 26.787 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates 4.01% 20.924 5 Template:Wikidata Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:56834957-0!canonical and timestamp 20240717182548 and revision id 1218740073. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David_Bowie_Is&oldid=1218740073 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David_Bowie_Is&oldid=1218740073) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Works about David Bowie (/wiki/Category:Works_about_David_Bowie) Museum events (/wiki/Category:Museum_events) Traveling exhibits (/wiki/Category:Traveling_exhibits) Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Category:Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) Brooklyn Museum (/wiki/Category:Brooklyn_Museum) 2013 introductions (/wiki/Category:2013_introductions) Hidden category: Use dmy dates from January 2019 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_January_2019)
Perfume produced by Yves Saint Laurent Parisienne Fragrance (/wiki/Perfume) by Yves Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(brand)) Released 2009 Label YSL Website Parisienne, Yves Saint Laurent (https://www.yslbeauty.fr/parfum/parfum-femme/parisienne-eau-de-parfum/461YSL.html) Parisienne is a perfume (/wiki/Perfume) for women produced by French fashion house (/wiki/Fashion_house) Yves Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(brand)) , [1] (#cite_note-Vogue_Paris-1) released in 2009. Its brand ambassador (/wiki/Brand_ambassador) is Kate Moss (/wiki/Kate_Moss) . [1] (#cite_note-Vogue_Paris-1) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "Yves Saint Laurent Parisienne" (http://www.vogue.fr/thevoguelist/articles/yves-saint-laurent-parisienne/8910) . Vogue Paris (/wiki/Vogue_Paris) . Condé Nast (/wiki/Cond%C3%A9_Nast) . 17 June 2012 . Retrieved 30 August 2014 . External links [ edit ] "Parisienne" (http://www.basenotes.net/ID26131112.html) at Basenotes.net (/wiki/Basenotes.net) v t e Parfums Yves Saint Laurent (/wiki/Parfums_Yves_Saint_Laurent) pour femme Y (/w/index.php?title=Y_(perfume)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1964) Rive Gauche (/wiki/Rive_Gauche_(perfume)) (1971) Eau Libre (/w/index.php?title=Eau_Libre_(perfume)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1975) Opium (/wiki/Opium_(perfume)) (1977) Paris (/w/index.php?title=Paris_(perfume)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1983) Yvresse (/w/index.php?title=Yvresse&action=edit&redlink=1) (1993) Baby Doll (/w/index.php?title=Baby_Doll_(perfume)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1999) Cinéma (/w/index.php?title=Cin%C3%A9ma_(perfume)&action=edit&redlink=1) (2004) Elle (/w/index.php?title=Elle_(perfume)&action=edit&redlink=1) (2007) Parisienne (2009) Belle D'Opium (/wiki/Opium_(perfume)#Belle_d.27Opium) (2011) pour homme YSL pour Homme (/w/index.php?title=YSL_pour_Homme&action=edit&redlink=1) (1971) Eau Libre (/w/index.php?title=Eau_Libre_(perfume)&action=edit&redlink=1) (1975) Kouros (/wiki/Kouros_(perfume)) (1981) Jazz (/wiki/Jazz_(perfume)) (1986) Opium pour Homme (/wiki/Opium_(perfume)#Opium_pour_Homme) (1995) Live Jazz (/wiki/Jazz_(perfume)) (1998) M7 (perfume) (/wiki/M7_(perfume)) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐rfssk Cached time: 20240714032224 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.231 seconds Real time usage: 0.326 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 582/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 12285/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 938/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 14492/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.160/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3677398/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 302.277 1 -total 32.58% 98.471 1 Template:Reflist 29.16% 88.132 1 Template:Cite_news 24.41% 73.782 1 Template:Parfums_Yves_Saint_Laurent 23.80% 71.949 1 Template:Navbox 21.30% 64.388 1 Template:Short_description 16.51% 49.905 1 Template:Infobox_fragrance 11.54% 34.882 2 Template:Pagetype 10.63% 32.143 1 Template:Infobox 5.71% 17.249 4 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:43697208-0!canonical and timestamp 20240714032224 and revision id 1179036975. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parisienne_(perfume)&oldid=1179036975 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parisienne_(perfume)&oldid=1179036975) " Category (/wiki/Help:Category) : Products introduced in 2009 (/wiki/Category:Products_introduced_in_2009) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from November 2022 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_November_2022)
Australian fashion designer Melanie Greensmith Melanie Greensmith Born ( 1964-07-18 ) 18 July 1964 (age 59) Occupation Fashion designer Melanie Greensmith (18 July 1964) is a fashion designer and property investor from Australia. She established the fashion label Wheels & Dollbaby (/wiki/Wheels_%26_Dollbaby) in 1987 and is still going strong. Early life [ edit ] Melanie Greensmith grew up in London (/wiki/London) , England. [1] (#cite_note-1) Her mother was a Bluebell showgirl who danced in Paris clubs, and her father, Bill Greensmith (/wiki/Bill_Greensmith) , was a first class English cricketer. [2] (#cite_note-2) Career [ edit ] She created her business in Australia in 1987, without any formal training in fashion, art or design. [3] (#cite_note-3) Melanie started her career with $5000AUD in a small store in the then hip Surry Hills area of Sydney. Which soon became a brand selling globally to the likes of luxury stores such as 'Harvey Nicoles' (https://www.harveynichols.com) , ' Harrods (/wiki/Harrods) ' & ' Selfridges (/wiki/Selfridges) ' in London. Stores throughout the US and Australia also stocked her rock and roll clothing. Her rock and roll luxury aesthetic has been worn by some of the biggest stars in the world such as, Michael Jackson (/wiki/Michael_Jackson) , Kate Moss (/wiki/Kate_Moss) , Debbie Harry (/wiki/Debbie_Harry) , Mick Jagger (/wiki/Mick_Jagger) , Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) , Amy Winehouse (/wiki/Amy_Winehouse) , Slash (/wiki/Slash_(musician)) , Bob Dylan (/wiki/Bob_Dylan) , Jerry Hall (/wiki/Jerry_Hall) , Pamela Anderson (/wiki/Pamela_Anderson) , Chrissie Hynde (/wiki/Chrissie_Hynde) and Britney Spears (/wiki/Britney_Spears) . Wheels and Dollbaby (https://www.wheelsanddollbaby.com) have been featured in many films, music videos and commercials. Wheels and Dollbaby (https://www.wheelsanddollbaby.com) since 2005 also has an enormously successful cardigan collaboration with Dita Von Teese (/wiki/Dita_Von_Teese) that is a coveted and wildly collected item. Personal life [ edit ] Melanie resides on her country estate on the outskirts of Perth with her long-term partner Mark McEntee (/wiki/Mark_McEntee) , co founder of Aussie Rock and Roll power house ' The Divinyls (/wiki/Divinyls) '. Spreading her time between Sydney, London and Los Angeles. An active animal welfare advocate who raises money for Animal Australia (/wiki/Animals_Australia) and the Dog Refugee Home Perth (https://www.dogshome.org.au/dogs/) . Her second passion to fashion is interior decorating and building her property portfolio globally. Recognition [ edit ] Honoured in the West Australian Museum for her contribution and in and innovation to the fashion industry in 2021. In 2008, Greensmith was honoured for her contributions to the Western Australian fashion industry when she was awarded a star on the Western Australia Fashion Walk of Fame on King Street (/wiki/King_Street,_Perth) in Perth (/wiki/Perth,_Western_Australia) . [4] (#cite_note-4) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Wheels and Dollbaby's Melanie Greensmith on being a 'big collector' (https://www.domain.com.au/news/wheels-and-dollbabys-melanie-greensmith-on-being-a-big-collector-20170331-gvapn3/) " (https://www.domain.com.au/news/wheels-and-dollbabys-melanie-greensmith-on-being-a-big-collector-20170331-gvapn3/) . Domain . 3 April 2017 . Retrieved 13 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Selinger-morris, Samantha (22 June 2011). "Frock'n'roll is here to stay" (https://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/fashion/frocknroll-is-here-to-stay-20110622-1gf7o.html) . The Sydney Morning Herald . Retrieved 13 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Interview With Founder Of Wheels & Dollbaby Melanie Greensmith - Galore" (https://galoremag.com/interview-with-founder-of-wheels-dollbaby-melanie/) . Galore . 25 March 2014 . Retrieved 13 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Hayward, Andrea (4 September 2008). "Designer to the stars honoured on Fashion Walk of Fame" (https://www.watoday.com.au/national/western-australia/designer-to-the-stars-honoured-on-fashion-walk-of-fame-20080904-49me.html) . WAtoday . Retrieved 13 May 2018 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5b8f7f4b65‐8rwfn Cached time: 20240623113528 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.271 seconds Real time usage: 0.384 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1940/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 12927/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1689/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 17126/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.168/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5836160/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 361.307 1 -total 38.31% 138.409 1 Template:Infobox_person 30.00% 108.407 1 Template:Reflist 23.40% 84.546 2 Template:Cite_news 20.67% 74.673 1 Template:Short_description 11.74% 42.407 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 11.63% 42.025 2 Template:Pagetype 10.01% 36.159 18 Template:Main_other 8.72% 31.500 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age 6.15% 22.237 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:57406364-0!canonical and timestamp 20240623113528 and revision id 1222817778. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Melanie_Greensmith&oldid=1222817778 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Melanie_Greensmith&oldid=1222817778) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Australian fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Australian_fashion_designers) Australian women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Australian_women_fashion_designers) Australian women company founders (/wiki/Category:Australian_women_company_founders) Australian company founders (/wiki/Category:Australian_company_founders) Australian businesspeople (/wiki/Category:Australian_businesspeople) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from June 2020 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_June_2020) Use Australian English from June 2020 (/wiki/Category:Use_Australian_English_from_June_2020) All Wikipedia articles written in Australian English (/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_Australian_English) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Year of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_(living_people))
This article is an orphan (/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan) , as no other articles link to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=Erdos_Group&namespace=0) . Please introduce links (/wiki/Help:Link) to this page from related articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=Erdos+Group&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=Erdos+Group) ; try the Find link tool (https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=Erdos_Group) for suggestions. ( November 2015 ) Erdos Group (also Inner Mongolia Erdos Group Co., Ltd. ) [1] (#cite_note-1) is a Chinese (/wiki/Economy_of_China) conglomerate (/wiki/Conglomerate_(company)) valued at approximately 60.8 billion RMB (/wiki/Renminbi) (US$9.5 billion) with interests in cashmere (/wiki/Cashmere_wool) , energy, and metallurgy. [2] (#cite_note-Cashmere_Princess-2) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) businessweek.com (http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=99264946) accessed 9/5/2014 ^ (#cite_ref-Cashmere_Princess_2-0) Hume, Marion (4 September 2014). "Mongolia's 'Cashmere Princess' Expands 1436" (http://www.businessoffashion.com/2014/09/mongolias-cashmere-princess-expands-1436.html) . businessoffashion.com (/wiki/Businessoffashion.com) . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.chinaerdos.com/english/group/default.asp) This China (/wiki/China) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Erdos_Group&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐bcqmf Cached time: 20240712184043 Cache expiry: 1660758 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.230 seconds Real time usage: 0.299 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 299/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 11502/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1230/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 10741/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.171/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2877953/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 283.063 1 -total 37.67% 106.639 1 Template:Reflist 31.51% 89.200 1 Template:Cite_web 31.36% 88.780 1 Template:Orphan 26.07% 73.786 1 Template:Draft_other 25.29% 71.594 1 Template:Ambox 22.93% 64.894 1 Template:China-stub 22.43% 63.505 1 Template:Asbox 7.26% 20.551 1 Template:Official_website 0.78% 2.208 1 Template:Monthyear-1 Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:43752091-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712184043 and revision id 961111911. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Erdos_Group&oldid=961111911 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Erdos_Group&oldid=961111911) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Economy of China (/wiki/Category:Economy_of_China) Inner Mongolia (/wiki/Category:Inner_Mongolia) China stubs (/wiki/Category:China_stubs) Hidden categories: Orphaned articles from November 2015 (/wiki/Category:Orphaned_articles_from_November_2015) All orphaned articles (/wiki/Category:All_orphaned_articles) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
Dutch company for African-style textile fabrics The Vlisco Group Vlisco, Helmond Founded 1846 ; 178 years ago ( 1846 ) Founder Pieter Fentener van Vlissingen Headquarters Helmond (/wiki/Helmond) Brands Vlisco, Woodin, Uniwax, GTP Number of employees 2,700 Website vlisco.com (https://www.vlisco.com/) The Vlisco Group designs, produces and distributes fashion fabrics, especially of the African wax print (/wiki/African_wax_prints) style, for the West and Central African market and African consumers in global metropolitan cities. Founded in Helmond (/wiki/Helmond) , the Netherlands (/wiki/The_Netherlands) , in 1846, the Vlisco Group and their fabrics have grown into an essential part of African culture, receiving widespread attention from the art, design and fashion worlds. Vlisco Group's brand portfolio consists of four brands: Vlisco, Woodin, Uniwax and GTP. The company's head office, as well as the design and production facilities for the Vlisco brand, are located in Helmond (/wiki/Helmond) . For the other brands these facilities are based in Ghana (/wiki/Ghana) and Ivory Coast (/wiki/Ivory_Coast) . The Vlisco Group has eight sales offices in numerous African countries and around 2,700 employees (900 in The Netherlands and 1,800 in Africa). History [ edit ] Vlisco textile with crystals Vlisco Group was founded in 1846, when Pieter Fentener van Vlissingen (/wiki/Fentener_van_Vlissingen) bought an existing textile printing factory and named it P. Fentener van Vlissingen & co., aiming to produce and sell hand printed fabrics in- and outside of the Netherlands (/wiki/Netherlands) . [1] (#cite_note-Vermeulen-1) : 27 Originally, production included handkerchiefs (/wiki/Handkerchiefs) , bedspreads (/wiki/Bedspreads) , chintz (/wiki/Chintz) and furniture fabrics. In the second half of the 19th century, Fentener van Vlissingen started exporting imitation batiks (/wiki/Batik) to what was then called the Dutch East Indies (/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies) after he was told by his uncle that there was a pressing need for affordable fabrics. Thanks to the invention of roller printing, it was possible to recreate the batik look a lot less labour-intensively, which meant that Fentener van Vlissingen could produce it quicker and sell it cheaper than local craftsmen could. This was also its only selling point, as the Indonesians (/wiki/Native_Indonesians) did not care for the too even look of the imitation batiks. [1] (#cite_note-Vermeulen-1) : 28–30 That Fentener van Vlissingen's fabrics came to West Africa is rather logical. Once the Dutch East Indies banned imitation batiks, Fentener van Vlissingen had to search for a new market to sell his goods. Since the start, the company has produced and sold hand-printed textiles both domestically and abroad. Around 1852, the VOC Dutch East Indies trade routes became involved in the export of the hand-printed Vlisco fabrics. The fabrics were used for bartering during stopovers in Western Africa. Since the Dutch (/wiki/Netherlands) had been dealing in European luxury goods with West-Africans since the Late Middle Ages (/wiki/Late_Middle_Ages) , it seemed a logical step to move selling activities to that region. Another reason is that the fabrics sold in Indonesia (/wiki/Indonesia) had become popular among the Belanda Hitam (/wiki/Belanda_Hitam) , Ghanaian (/wiki/Ghanaian) soldiers who served in the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army (/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_East_Indies_Army) and returned home between 1837 and 1872. [1] (#cite_note-Vermeulen-1) : 30 By the time the 20th century rolled around, West- and Central Africa were growing into a booming textile market and by the 1930s the 'wax hollandais' cloth's designs were being adapted to local tastes. [2] (#cite_note-2) In 1927 the company changed its name to Vlisco, a contraction of Vlissingen & co., but the fabrics were by then widely known as 'Dutch Wax' or 'Wax Hollandais', and those names stuck. During World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) , production was stopped and the finished fabrics could not be shipped to the African markets. The African fabric markets were starved of Dutch Wax for the entirety of the war and when in 1945 Vlisco managed to send a shipment of a fabric called ' Six Bougies' , it was an immediate success. [1] (#cite_note-Vermeulen-1) : 30 So much so, that from 1963 onwards, all Vlisco fabrics have the text 'Guaranteed Dutch Wax Vlisco' stamped on the side, because the fabrics were and still are widely counterfeited. Unlike the Vlisco brand, the entire process – from design to production and distribution – for the Woodin, Uniwax and GTP brands takes place in Africa. When, in the mid-1960s, the import duties on printed textiles were doubled in several Western African countries, a percentage of imports were replaced by local production. This led to the establishment of the GTP (Ghana Textiles Printing Company) brand in 1966, with production taking place at a factory in Ghana (/wiki/Ghana) , and the establishment of Uniwax in 1970, with production facilities in the Ivory Coast (Koert van, Robin, Dutch Wax Design Technology: van Helmond naar West-Afrika, 2008). The pan-African brand Woodin has been produced in both the GTP and Uniwax factories since 1985. Furthermore, Vlisco made a historical decision in 1993 by abandoning hand printing, to be able to produce fabric on a larger scale. [3] (#cite_note-3) Over time, The Vlisco brand has developed a highly sophisticated production process, whereby the fabric goes through 27 treatments, both by machine and by hand, and takes two weeks to produce. This process is a closely guarded secret. Since 2006, the company has been aiming at high end markets and is currently preparing to release a ready to wear fashion line. [4] (#cite_note-4) The Vlisco Group carries four brands: Vlisco, Woodin, Uniwax and GTP. Each of these brands has its own style, brand identity and consumer target group. Four times a year, the Group launches a new collection of fashion fabrics under their premium luxury flagship brand Vlisco, designed and produced in Helmond. Since it was established in 1846, Vlisco designs and fabrics, have grown to become an essential part of African style culture, with deep-rooted influences across all layers of society. Uniwax and GTP are designed and produced in Ivory Coast and Ghana (/wiki/Ghana) and focus on the growing middle class in West and Central Africa. Woodin is the smallest, but fastest-growing brand in Vlisco Group's brand portfolio. At this moment, 60% of the population in West- and Central Africa is under 25 years old. This segment is growing, extremely connected via social media and mobile devices and show fast changes in consumer behavior regarding to lifestyle, fashion and media usage. The lifestyle brand Woodin focusses on this consumer group. Postcolonial criticism [ edit ] Critics, such as Tunde Akinwumi, feel that Vlisco's origins are misleading, especially since the company profiles itself as the 'originator of African Wax'. Akinwumi's 2008 article, 'The "African Print" Hoax', argues that producers of African prints mislead customers by pretending to sell authentic African designs, while they are in fact based on Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_art) , Indian (/wiki/Indian_art) , Japanese (/wiki/Japanese_art) , Arabic (/wiki/Arabic_Art) and European (/wiki/European_art) imagery. Therefore, he advocates a new African aesthetic, based on traditional African fabrics, such as kente (/wiki/Kente) , adire (/wiki/Adire_(textile_art)) , aso oke and bogolanfini (/wiki/Bogolanfini) , and expresses hope that textile producers and governments will support this cause and help change Africa's image to a more authentic one. In his book Vlisco , Jos Arts, however, represents the counter critics, who are of the opinion that critics like Akinwumi have misunderstood a main principle of fashion (/wiki/Fashion) , namely that it is subject to constant change and therefore even though Vlisco's fabrics were initially not authentically African, the century-long process of appropriation and mutual influence ensures that it has become so. [5] (#cite_note-Arts-5) : 92 In the realms of art, Vlisco fabrics are extensively used by British-Nigerian artist Yinka Shonibare (/wiki/Yinka_Shonibare) , who dresses headless mannequins in baroque gowns and suits, to challenge Western colonial history. [5] (#cite_note-Arts-5) : 10 Symbolism [ edit ] Vlisco fabrics are given an interesting form of symbolism, which allows African women to speak out, yet stay silent. Once a fabric has been designed and shipped, it is given a name which often ties into local sayings by the saleswomen. An example of this is a fabric with a print of open bird-cages and two birds flying out, that goes by the title " Si tu sors, je sors " (You leave, I leave), which means to say "If you think this marriage is something you can take and leave as you please, I will do the same." Other fabrics are known as 'Come to my bedroom wearing your slippers' or ' Kofi Annan's (/wiki/Kofi_Annan) brain". What is important to consider in all this is that this kind of symbolism is only possible both because the messages are open to multiple interpretations and the fabrics are worn as dresses, and no one can divorce or attack a woman for wearing a pretty dress. [1] (#cite_note-Vermeulen-1) : 30 [5] (#cite_note-Arts-5) : 97–105 References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Vermeulen, Ingelies (2008). "Van boerenzakdoek tot Afrikaanse mode: Kleurrijke wereldstoffen van Vlisco" [From farmer's handkerchief to African fashion: Colorful world fabrics from Vlisco]. Handwerken zonder grenzen (in Dutch) (146). ^ (#cite_ref-2) Young, Robb (12 September 2012). "Africa's Fabric is Dutch" (https://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/15/fashion/15iht-ffabric15.html?pagewanted=all&_r=1&) . New York Times . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "The Fabled Cloth and its IP Future" (http://www.wipo.int/ipadvantage/en/details.jsp?id=3501) . World Intellectual Property Organisation . Retrieved 15 October 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "10 facts about Vlisco" (https://www.vlisco.com/about-vlisco/) . Vlisco . Retrieved 15 October 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Arts, Jos (February 2012). Vlisco (in Dutch). Arnhem: Uitgeverij Wbooks / ArtEZ Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9089102752 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐j9hw2 Cached time: 20240719161041 Cache expiry: 1064961 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.656 seconds Real time usage: 1.141 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3610/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 22918/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2019/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 16/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 20867/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.375/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4993319/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 896.330 1 -total 42.03% 376.708 1 Template:Infobox_company 39.60% 354.983 1 Template:Infobox 27.30% 244.692 1 Template:Reflist 18.58% 166.582 1 Template:Cite_journal 15.84% 141.997 1 Template:Short_description 13.34% 119.546 8 Template:Rp 12.09% 108.345 8 Template:R/superscript 7.97% 71.454 6 Template:Main_other 7.09% 63.521 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:44126964-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719161041 and revision id 1228164286. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vlisco&oldid=1228164286 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vlisco&oldid=1228164286) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1846 establishments in the Netherlands (/wiki/Category:1846_establishments_in_the_Netherlands) Textile companies of the Netherlands (/wiki/Category:Textile_companies_of_the_Netherlands) Hidden categories: CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Dutch-language_sources_(nl)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata)
National outfit of Nepalese men A man in Daura-Suruwal and Coat Daura-Suruwal (दौरा सुरुवाल) is one of the national outfit of Nepalese men. [1] (#cite_note-1) The Daura is a variant of the Kurta (/wiki/Kurta) and is the upper garment, the Suruwal is the trouser. The coat was added to the costume by Jang Bahadur Rana (/wiki/Jang_Bahadur_Rana) , a prime minister of Nepal in the 19th century. The outfit is also popular in Darjeeling (/wiki/Darjeeling) in neighbouring India (/wiki/India) amongst people of Indian Gorkha origin. [2] (#cite_note-2) History [ edit ] Main article: Newar traditional clothing (/wiki/Newar_traditional_clothing) Daura Suruwal is a modern variant of the Tapālan ( Nepal Bhasa (/wiki/Nepal_Bhasa) : तपालं) which has been the traditional clothing of Newar (/wiki/Newar) men. It used to be traditionally worn as men's common costume consisting of a long shirt called tapālan with tight fitting trousers known as suruwā ( Nepal Bhasa (/wiki/Nepal_Bhasa) : सुरुवा:). A waistcoat or a coat along with a cap called tapulī / topī ( Nepal Bhasa (/wiki/Nepal_Bhasa) : तपुली) would complete the garb. Style [ edit ] In Nepal (/wiki/Nepal) , the traditional male dress, which is also the national dress, is the Nepali shirt called daura [3] (#cite_note-3) and suruwal ( Nepali (/wiki/Nepali_language) : दौरा सुरूवाल ) [4] (#cite_note-autogenerated1-4) or daura-suruwal suit. According to Hussein (2018), "the daura is a closed-neck shirt with five pleats and eight strings that serve to tie it around the body". [5] (#cite_note-5) The upper garment is similar to the Gujarati kediyu (/wiki/Kediyu) , but does not have the pleats going across the chest, but has cross-tied flaps. [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) The Nepali suruwa/suruwal is a combination of the churidar [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) and the lower garment worn in the coastal regions of Gujarat (/wiki/Gujarat) , especially Saurashtra (/wiki/Saurashtra_(region)) and Kutch (/wiki/Kutch) where the garment is also called suruwal [4] (#cite_note-autogenerated1-4) (and chorno/kafni). It is tight along the legs but wide at the hips. [10] (#cite_note-10) However, the suruwal fits comfortably around the legs so that it can be tapered tightly around the ankles. [11] (#cite_note-11) The Nepalese Prime Minister Bir Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana (/wiki/Bir_Shamsher_Jang_Bahadur_Rana) wore the Daura-Suruwal on an unofficial visit to the United Kingdom in the 19th century, which popularised the costume further in Nepal. Janga Bahadur Rana introduced the coat to Nepal in the 19th century. He was presented a coat by the then Queen of the United Kingdom, as a gift. He started the tradition of wearing a coat with the Daura suruwal. Men also wear the Daura Suruwal with a waistcoat. Daura suruwal, Nepal's national male dress. Prithvi Narayan Shah of Nepal in daura shalwar. Religious beliefs [ edit ] The Daura has eight strings used to tie the Daura which are denoted as Astamatrika-Singini: Byagini Kumari Barahi Brahmayani Indrayani Maheshowri Byasnabi Mahalaxmi According to Nepali mythology, eight is a lucky number. The pleats or Kallis signify the Pancha Buddha or Pancha Ratna. The closed neck of the Daura signifies the snake around the Lord Shiva’s neck. [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "About Daura Suruwal" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100713183937/http://www.daurasuruwal.com/content.php?link_id=35) . Rastriya Daurua Suruwal. Archived from the original (http://www.daurasuruwal.com/content.php?link_id=35) on 13 July 2010 . Retrieved 11 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Darjis for Darj - Nepali Times" (http://www.nepalitimes.com/issue/2008/10/03/FromtheNepaliPress/15276) . nepalitimes.com . Retrieved 25 May 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Bindloss, Joseph (15 September 2010). Nepal 8 . Lonely Planet. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781742203614 – via Google Books. ^ Jump up to: a b Nepali, Gopal Singh (1965). The Newars: an ethni-sociological study of a Himalayan community . [1] (https://books.google.com/books?id=phN5AAAAIAAJ&q=replaced+by+long+flaps) ^ (#cite_ref-5) Hussein, Nazia (2018) Rethinking New Womanhood: Practices of Gender, Class, Culture and Religion in South Asia. Springer. [2] (https://books.google.com/books?id=MvFUDwAAQBAJ&dq=Daura++eight+string&pg=PA143) ^ (#cite_ref-6) Croos, J.P (1996). The Call of Nepal: a personal Nepalese odyssey in a different dimension . [3] (https://books.google.com/books?id=wEtuAAAAMAAJ&q=+shirt+tied) ^ (#cite_ref-7) Tulasī Rāma Vaidya, Triratna Mānandhara, Shankar Lal Joshi (1993) Social history of Nepal [4] (https://books.google.com/books?id=sF5uAAAAMAAJ&q=suruwal+origins+nepal) ^ (#cite_ref-8) "The Muslim World League Journal" (https://books.google.com/books?id=X0AwAAAAYAAJ&q=suruwal) . Press and Publications Department, Muslim World League. 1 March 2003 – via Google Books. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Acharya, Madhu Raman (2002) Nepal culture shift!: reinventing culture in the Himalayan kingdom [5] (https://books.google.com/books?id=FubZAAAAMAAJ&q=+suruwal+) ^ (#cite_ref-10) West Bengal District Gazetteers: Darjiling, by Amiya Kumar Banerji ... [et al (1980) [6] (https://books.google.com/books?id=KTtuAAAAMAAJ&q=nepal+suruwa) ^ (#cite_ref-11) Tetley, Brian (1 January 1991). The insider's guide to Nepal . Gregory's. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780731903825 – via Google Books. ^ (#cite_ref-12) * Official Address of Rastriya Daura Suruwal Tailors, an oldest tailors of Nepal, specialized in sewing Daura Suruwal (http://daurasuruwal.com/?page_id=51) [7] (http://blog.com.np/2007/07/20/in-a-nepali-village-of-daura-suruwal-young-generation-wants-jeans/) ^ (#cite_ref-13) "MYREPUBLICA.com - News in English from Nepal: Fast, Full & Factual News" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150528120314/http://myrepublica.com/portal/index.php?action=news_details&news_id=23526) . myrepublica.com . Archived from the original (http://myrepublica.com/portal/index.php?action=news_details&news_id=23526) on 28 May 2015 . Retrieved 25 May 2015 . External links [ edit ] history of the Daura-Suruwal at ECSNepal (https://web.archive.org/web/20110724190248/http://www.ecs.com.np/cover_story.php?story_id=30) v t e Clothing in South Asia History (/wiki/History_of_clothing_in_the_Indian_subcontinent) Clothes Achkan (/wiki/Achkan) Ajrak (/wiki/Ajrak) Angarkha (/wiki/Angarkha) Antriya (/wiki/Antriya) Argon (/wiki/Argon_(clothing)) Bakhu/Kho (/wiki/Kho_(costume)) Blouse (/wiki/Blouse) Choli (/wiki/Choli) Churidar (/wiki/Churidar) Daura-Suruwal Dhakai shari (/wiki/Dhakai) Dhoti (/wiki/Dhoti) Dumdyam (/wiki/Dumdyam) Dumpra (/wiki/Dumpra) Dupatta (/wiki/Dupatta) Farshi Pajama (/wiki/Farshi_Pajama) Ghagra choli (/wiki/Ghagra_choli) Ghoonghat (/wiki/Ghoonghat) Gamucha (/wiki/Gamucha) Gamosa (/wiki/Gamosa) Gharara (/wiki/Gharara) Gho (/wiki/Gho) Jama (/wiki/Jama_(coat)) Jamawar (/wiki/Jamawar) Jodhpuri (/wiki/Jodhpuri) Kabney (/wiki/Kabney) Kasta sari (/wiki/Kasta_sari) Kaupina(m) (/wiki/Kaupinam) Khalat (/wiki/Khalat) Kira (/wiki/Kira_(Bhutan)) Kota Doria (/wiki/Kota_Doria) Krama (/wiki/Krama) Kurta (/wiki/Kurta) Lehenga (/wiki/Lehenga) Lehenga-style sari (/wiki/Lehenga-style_sari) Langa voni (/wiki/Langa_voni) Langota (/wiki/Langota) Lungi (/wiki/Lungi) Madisar (/wiki/Madisar) Mekhela chador (/wiki/Mekhela_chador) Mufti (/wiki/Mufti_(dress)) Mujib coat (/wiki/Mujib_coat) Mundu (/wiki/Mundu) Mundum neriyatum (/wiki/Mundum_neriyatum) Naga shawl (/wiki/Naga_shawl) Nehru jacket (/wiki/Nehru_jacket) Onnara (/wiki/Onnara) Pathin (/wiki/Pathin) Patiala salwar (/wiki/Patiala_salwar) Pheran (/wiki/Pheran) Pinon hadi (/wiki/Pinon_hadi) Riha (/wiki/Riha_(garment)) Sari (/wiki/Sari) Shalwar kameez (/wiki/Shalwar_kameez) Sambalpuri sari (/wiki/Sambalpuri_sari) Sarong (/wiki/Sarong) Kerala sari (/wiki/Kerala_sari) Tant shari (/wiki/Tant_sari) Toego (/wiki/Toego) Uttariya (/wiki/Uttariya) Wonju (/wiki/Wonju_(Bhutan)) Headgear Bhaad-gaaule topi (/wiki/Bhaad-gaaule_topi) Birke topi (/wiki/Birke_topi) Dhaka topi (/wiki/Dhaka_topi) Gandhi cap (/wiki/Gandhi_cap) Jaapi (/wiki/Jaapi) Karakul (/wiki/Karakul_(hat)) Pheta (/wiki/Pheta) Mysore peta (/wiki/Mysore_peta) Paag (/wiki/Paag) Pagri (/wiki/Pagri_(turban)) Pakol (/wiki/Pakol) Puneri Pagadi (/wiki/Puneri_Pagadi) Rumāl (/wiki/Rum%C4%81l) Rumi topi/Fez (/wiki/Rumi_topi) Sehra (/wiki/Sehra_(headdress)) Shyade (/wiki/Shyade) Sindhi cap (/wiki/Sindhi_cap) Taqiyah (/wiki/Taqiyah_(cap)) Topor (/wiki/Topor_(headgear)) Turban (/wiki/Turban) Stitching and design Embroidery of India (/wiki/Embroidery_of_India) Bandhani (/wiki/Bandhani) Chikankari (/wiki/Chikan_(embroidery)) Dhaka (/wiki/Dhaka_fabric) Gota (/wiki/Gota_(embroidery)) Jamdani (/wiki/Jamdani) Kantha (/wiki/Kantha) Kasuti (/wiki/Kasuti) Khadi (/wiki/Khadi) Muslin (/wiki/Muslin) Nakshi (/wiki/Nakshi_kantha) Phulkari (/wiki/Phulkari) Rajshahi silk (/wiki/Rajshahi_silk) Sarong (/wiki/Sarong) Shisha (/wiki/Shisha_(embroidery)) Zardozi (/wiki/Zardozi) Zari (/wiki/Zari) Footwear Jutti (/wiki/Jutti) Kholapuri (/wiki/Kolhapuri_chappal) Mojari (/wiki/Sindhi_Mojari) Paduka (/wiki/Paduka) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐cpkbx Cached time: 20240712201346 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.406 seconds Real time usage: 0.531 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 753/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 23431/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 781/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 38450/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.292/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 13669654/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 478.515 1 -total 31.87% 152.488 1 Template:Reflist 25.24% 120.801 4 Template:Cite_web 24.38% 116.669 1 Template:Lang-ne 16.87% 80.712 1 Template:Clothing_in_South_Asia 16.47% 78.793 1 Template:Navbox 14.31% 68.477 1 Template:Short_description 8.04% 38.455 2 Template:Pagetype 4.31% 20.642 1 Template:Main 3.93% 18.797 4 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:28978702-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712201346 and revision id 1160150788. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Daura-Suruwal&oldid=1160150788 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Daura-Suruwal&oldid=1160150788) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Nepalese clothing (/wiki/Category:Nepalese_clothing) Folk costumes (/wiki/Category:Folk_costumes) National symbols of Nepal (/wiki/Category:National_symbols_of_Nepal) Culture of Sikkim (/wiki/Category:Culture_of_Sikkim) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from August 2019 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_August_2019) Articles containing Nepali (macrolanguage)-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Nepali_(macrolanguage)-language_text)
1913 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1913) 1914 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1914) 1915 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1915) 1916 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1916) 1917 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1917) 1918 1919 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1919) 1920 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1920) 1921 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1921) 1922 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1922) 1923 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1923) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐bbb5c5448‐cmsbd Cached time: 20240718083128 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.106 seconds Real time usage: 0.231 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 38/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1906/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 5/100 Expensive parser function count: 11/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3073/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.080/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 933335/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 148.791 1 Template:Navseasoncats 100.00% 148.791 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:55291608-0!canonical and timestamp 20240718083128 and revision id 974956608. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Clothing companies established in 1918" The following 4 pages are in this category, out of 4 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . D Dickies (/wiki/Dickies) N New York & Company (/wiki/New_York_%26_Company) O O'Neills (/wiki/O%27Neills) W West Coast Shoe Company (/wiki/West_Coast_Shoe_Company) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1918&oldid=974956608 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1918&oldid=974956608) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1910s fashion (/wiki/Category:1910s_fashion) Design companies established in 1918 (/wiki/Category:Design_companies_established_in_1918) Clothing companies by year of establishment (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_by_year_of_establishment) Manufacturing companies established in 1918 (/wiki/Category:Manufacturing_companies_established_in_1918) Clothing companies established in the 20th century (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_the_20th_century)
Belgian women who worked as fashion designers (/wiki/Fashion_designer) . Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Belgium portal (/wiki/Portal:Belgium) This is a non-diffusing subcategory (/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization#Non-diffusing_subcategories) of Category:Belgian fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Belgian_fashion_designers) . It includes Belgian fashion designers that can also be found in the parent category, or in diffusing subcategories of the parent. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐pm658 Cached time: 20240719235338 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.088 seconds Real time usage: 0.133 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 137/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3980/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 304/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3351/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.049/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 932860/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 116.709 1 -total 45.80% 53.447 1 Template:Non-diffusing 41.26% 48.153 1 Template:Portal 28.21% 32.923 1 Template:Cmbox 12.75% 14.882 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 9.24% 10.786 2 Template:Category_other 7.38% 8.612 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 3.54% 4.136 1 Template:Single_namespace 1.96% 2.285 1 Template:Template_other 1.39% 1.626 1 Template:Clear Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:72300044-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719235338 and revision id 1177797132. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Belgian women fashion designers" The following 13 pages are in this category, out of 13 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Valentine Avoh (/wiki/Valentine_Avoh) B Maggy Baum (/wiki/Maggy_Baum) Veronique Branquinho (/wiki/Veronique_Branquinho) D Angele Delanghe (/wiki/Angele_Delanghe) Ann Demeulemeester (/wiki/Ann_Demeulemeester) Honorine Deschrijver (/wiki/Honorine_Deschrijver) F Diane von Fürstenberg (/wiki/Diane_von_F%C3%BCrstenberg) H Désirée zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg (/wiki/D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9e_zu_Hohenlohe-Langenburg) L Linda Loppa (/wiki/Linda_Loppa) P Cathy Pill (/wiki/Cathy_Pill) S Ann Salens (/wiki/Ann_Salens) T Kaat Tilley (/wiki/Kaat_Tilley) Jeanne Toussaint (/wiki/Jeanne_Toussaint) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Belgian_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1177797132 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Belgian_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1177797132) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Belgian fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Belgian_fashion_designers) Belgian women artists (/wiki/Category:Belgian_women_artists) Women fashion designers by nationality (/wiki/Category:Women_fashion_designers_by_nationality) Hidden categories: Wikipedia non-diffusing subcategories (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_non-diffusing_subcategories) Automatic category TOC generates no TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_no_TOC)
Irish fashion designer Simone Rocha Born 1986 (age 37–38) Dublin (/wiki/Dublin) , Ireland Education National College of Art and Design (/wiki/National_College_of_Art_and_Design) Occupation Fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) Partner Eoin McLoughlin Children 1 Parent John Rocha (/wiki/John_Rocha) Website www (http://www.simonerocha.com) .simonerocha (http://www.simonerocha.com) .com (http://www.simonerocha.com) Simone Rocha (born 1986) is an Irish fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) . She is the daughter of fashion designer John Rocha (/wiki/John_Rocha) , and trained at the National College of Art and Design (/wiki/National_College_of_Art_and_Design) , Dublin and at Central Saint Martins (/wiki/Central_Saint_Martins) , London. She launched her graduate collection in 2010 at the Tate Modern (/wiki/Tate_Modern) and in London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) . She was named Young Designer of the Year in 2014 by Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) , and Womenswear Designer of the Year 2016 at the British Fashion Awards (/wiki/British_Fashion_Awards) . Career [ edit ] Rocha was born in Dublin, Ireland (/wiki/Ireland) in 1986; [1] (#cite_note-lfwbio-1) her father is fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) John Rocha (/wiki/John_Rocha) . [2] (#cite_note-youngdesigner-2) [3] (#cite_note-52insights-3) She later felt that it was "inevitable" that she would follow in his career, adding that fashion was "100% part of [her] life". [2] (#cite_note-youngdesigner-2) Rocha worked at her father's studio between the ages of 13 and 18. [4] (#cite_note-nyt-4) She trained at the National College of Art and Design (/wiki/National_College_of_Art_and_Design) in Dublin, Ireland, and under Louise Wilson (/wiki/Louise_Wilson) at Central Saint Martins (/wiki/Central_Saint_Martins) in London. [5] (#cite_note-sky-5) Rocha showed her graduate collection at the Tate Modern (/wiki/Tate_Modern) gallery, [3] (#cite_note-52insights-3) [6] (#cite_note-6) and in London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) for the first time in 2010. [7] (#cite_note-7) Her first fashion installation was in the window of Dover Street Market (/wiki/Dover_Street_Market) in London, with the company the first to stock Rocha's designs. She had an outlet within their store when it was located on Dover Street (/wiki/Dover_Street) , and continues to have one within their new store in Haymarket (/wiki/Haymarket,_London) . [3] (#cite_note-52insights-3) In the early days, her lines were also stocked by Paris-based boutique Colette (/wiki/Colette_(boutique)) . [5] (#cite_note-sky-5) More recently, Rocha has opened independent stores of her own in both London and New York. [3] (#cite_note-52insights-3) In her native Ireland, her only stockist is Havana in Dublin. [5] (#cite_note-sky-5) At the British Fashion Awards (/wiki/The_Fashion_Awards) in 2013, Rocha won the 'Emerging Womenswear Designer ' award . [8] (#cite_note-8) Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) named Rocha their Young Designer of the Year in 2014, [2] (#cite_note-youngdesigner-2) and in 2016 she was named British Womenswear Designer of the Year at the British Fashion Awards (/wiki/British_Fashion_Awards) . [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) Rocha's work has previously been worn by the Princess of Wales (/wiki/Catherine,_Princess_of_Wales) [11] (#cite_note-11) and Michelle Obama (/wiki/Michelle_Obama) . [12] (#cite_note-12) In 2018, she collaborated with the Italian brand Moncler (/wiki/Moncler) as a part of their Genius Collection series. [13] (#cite_note-13) In March 2021, Rocha had a collaboration line drop with Swedish fast fashion (/wiki/Fast_fashion) company H&M (/wiki/H%26M) . [14] (#cite_note-14) In January 2024, Rocha presented a Haute Couture collection for Jean Paul Gaultier (/wiki/Jean_Paul_Gaultier) as a guest designer. [15] (#cite_note-15) Personal life [ edit ] She is married to cinematographer Eoin McLoughlin (/w/index.php?title=Eoin_McLoughlin&action=edit&redlink=1) , and they have a daughter together. They live in De Beauvoir Town (/wiki/De_Beauvoir_Town) , London, [5] (#cite_note-sky-5) where her design studio is also based. [4] (#cite_note-nyt-4) Her brother, Max Rocha, is the owner and head chef of Cafe Cecilia, a popular east London restaurant. [16] (#cite_note-16) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-lfwbio_1-0) "Simone Rocha" (http://www.londonfashionweek.co.uk/designers_profile.aspx?DesignerID=1605) . London Fashion Week . Retrieved 11 November 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Drohan, Freya (5 November 2014). "Simone Rocha named 'Young Designer of the Year' at Harper's Bazaar bash" (http://www.independent.ie/style/fashion/fashion-news/simone-rocha-named-young-designer-of-the-year-at-harpers-bazaar-bash-30720429.html) . Independent.ie . Retrieved 11 November 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Simone Rocha Designing a Career" (https://www.52-insights.com/simone-rocha-designing-a-career-fashion-interview-style-runway-irish/) . 52 Insights. 11 May 2017 . Retrieved 11 November 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b Paton, Elizabeth (16 September 2017). "Simone Rocha on the Importance of Comfortable Shoes" (https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/16/fashion/simone-rocha-london-fashion-week.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved 11 November 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Simone Rocha's future: 'The sky is the limit' (https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/fashion/simone-rocha-s-future-the-sky-is-the-limit-1.3196054) " (https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/fashion/simone-rocha-s-future-the-sky-is-the-limit-1.3196054) . Irish Times . 2 September 2017 . Retrieved 11 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Fisher, Alice (24 September 2017). "Simone Rocha: 'With every show I'm telling a story' (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2017/sep/24/simone-rocha-fashion-designer-with-every-show-im-telling-a-story) " (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2017/sep/24/simone-rocha-fashion-designer-with-every-show-im-telling-a-story) . The Guardian . Retrieved 11 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Long, Carola (17 September 2017). "Welcome to the dollhouse: Simone Rocha, Molly Goddard and Gareth Pugh get playful for SS18" (https://www.ft.com/content/6684487a-9b6e-11e7-8cd4-932067fbf946) . The Financial Times . Retrieved 11 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Kate Moss, J.W. Anderson, and Harry Styles Win British Fashion Awards" (https://www.thecut.com/2013/12/moss-harry-styles-win-british-fashion-awards.html) . The Cut . Retrieved 27 March 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Fashion Awards 2016: The full winners list revealed" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/fashion/fashion-news/news/a38829/fashion-awards-2016-the-full-winners-list-revealed/) . Harper's Bazaar . Retrieved 26 March 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Simone Rocha wins designer of the year at British fashion awards" (https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/Fashion/simone-rocha-wins-designer-of-the-year-at-british-fashion-awards-1.2895035) . Irish Times . Retrieved 26 March 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Vogue Duchess of Cambridge Wears Simone Rocha" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/article/kate-middleton-fair-isle-jumper/amp) . Retrieved 30 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Vogue Michelle Obama Wears Simone Rocha" (https://www.vogue.com/article/michelle-obama-tanya-taylor-together-womens-foundation-colorado) . Retrieved 30 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Angelica Pursley; Temujin Doran; Ed Scott-Clarke (18 September 2019). "Simone Rocha stages dramatic show in Victorian theater" (https://www.cnn.com/style/article/simone-rocha-alexandra-palace-london-fashion-week/index.html) . CNN Style . Retrieved 19 September 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Southan, Abigail (10 March 2021). "Simone Rocha's H&M Collaboration Is Dropping Tomorrow - Here's What ELLE's Buying" (https://www.elle.com/uk/fashion/a35212776/h-and-m-simone-rocha-collaboration/) . ELLE . Retrieved 12 May 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/simone-rocha-jean-paul-gaultier-couture-show-ss24 (https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/simone-rocha-jean-paul-gaultier-couture-show-ss24) ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Cafe Cecilia, London E8: 'Hot but with a homespun edge' – restaurant review" (https://www.theguardian.com/food/2021/nov/19/cafe-cecilia-london-e8-restaurant-review-grace-dent) . Retrieved 21 April 2023 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.simonerocha.com) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58f48cc867‐npcg8 Cached time: 20240625075650 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.300 seconds Real time usage: 0.428 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2439/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 31135/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1763/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 58531/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.185/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6831648/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 404.992 1 -total 35.31% 143.020 1 Template:Reflist 27.70% 112.165 1 Template:Infobox_person 23.69% 95.948 9 Template:Cite_web 16.62% 67.294 1 Template:Short_description 9.68% 39.209 2 Template:Pagetype 8.18% 33.144 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 7.63% 30.905 20 Template:Main_other 7.46% 30.197 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates 6.66% 26.976 6 Template:Cite_news Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:55773606-0!canonical and timestamp 20240625075650 and revision id 1230889363. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Simone_Rocha&oldid=1230889363 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Simone_Rocha&oldid=1230889363) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) 1986 births (/wiki/Category:1986_births) Irish fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Irish_fashion_designers) Irish women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Irish_women_fashion_designers) People from Ranelagh (/wiki/Category:People_from_Ranelagh) Alumni of the National College of Art and Design (/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_the_National_College_of_Art_and_Design) Artists from County Dublin (/wiki/Category:Artists_from_County_Dublin) Alumni of Central Saint Martins (/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_Central_Saint_Martins) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from April 2022 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2022) Use Hiberno-English from April 2022 (/wiki/Category:Use_Hiberno-English_from_April_2022) All Wikipedia articles written in Hiberno-English (/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_Hiberno-English) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards)
2015 Indian TV series or programme Born Stylish Genre Reality show (/wiki/Reality_show) Country of origin India Original release Network VH1 India (/wiki/VH1_India) Colors Infinity (/wiki/Colors_Infinity) Release 28 November 2015 ( 2015-11-28 ) Born Stylish is an Indian television show hosted by fashion designer and stylist Pria Kataaria Puri (/w/index.php?title=Pria_Kataaria_Puri&action=edit&redlink=1) . [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) It premiered on 28 November 2015 as a joint series of Colors Infinity (/wiki/Colors_Infinity) and VH1 India (/wiki/VH1_India) . The show featured celebrity guests including Akshay Kumar (/wiki/Akshay_Kumar) , Sonakshi Sinha (/wiki/Sonakshi_Sinha) , Anil Kapoor (/wiki/Anil_Kapoor) , Malaika Arora Khan (/wiki/Malaika_Arora_Khan) , Fawad Khan (/wiki/Fawad_Khan) , Lisa Haydon (/wiki/Lisa_Haydon) , Nimrat Kaur (/wiki/Nimrat_Kaur) and the finale featured Ajay Devgn (/wiki/Ajay_Devgn) . [ citation needed ] Episodes [ edit ] Season 1 Celebrity guest Style Theme Season Premiere Akshay Kumar (/wiki/Akshay_Kumar) Alphamale Episode 2 Malaika Arora Khan (/wiki/Malaika_Arora_Khan) Sultry Siren Episode 3 Anil Kapoor (/wiki/Anil_Kapoor) Polished Panache Episode 4 Sonakshi Sinha (/wiki/Sonakshi_Sinha) Edgy Exotic Episode 5 Fawad Khan (/wiki/Fawad_Khan) Dapper Debonair Episode 6 Lisa Haydon (/wiki/Lisa_Haydon) Boho Chic Episode 7 Nimrat Kaur (/wiki/Nimrat_Kaur) Classic Minimalist Season Finale Ajay Devgn (/wiki/Ajay_Devgan) Suave Unconventional References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Pria Kataria Puri's new show 'Born Stylish' reveals the style secret of Bollywood celebrities" (http://www.ibnlive.com/news/lifestyle-2/pria-kataria-puris-new-show-born-stylish-reveals-the-style-secret-of-bollywood-celebrities-1169066.html) . IBNLive (/wiki/CNN-IBN) . Retrieved 25 January 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Pria Kataria Puri to chat up Bollywood stars on television" (https://www.deccanchronicle.com/151126/entertainment-tvmusic/article/pria-kataria-puri-chat-bollywood-stars-television) . Deccan Chronicle (/wiki/Deccan_Chronicle) . Retrieved 25 January 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Pria Kataaria Puri set for TV debut with 'Born Stylish' (http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/pria-kataaria-puri-set-for-tv-debut-with-born-stylish-113121200985_1.html) " (http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/pria-kataaria-puri-set-for-tv-debut-with-born-stylish-113121200985_1.html) . Business Standard (/wiki/Business_Standard) . 12 December 2013 . Retrieved 25 January 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "I would get tongue-tied if I had to style Amitabh Bachchan: Pria Kataria Puri" (http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/i-would-get-tongue-tied-if-i-had-to-style-amitabh-bachchan-pria-kataria-puri/) . The Indian Express (/wiki/The_Indian_Express) . 28 November 2015 . Retrieved 25 January 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) " (http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/entertainment/29-Dec-2015/it-s-about-the-experiences-lisa-haydon-prefers-confident-free-spirited-men) 'It's about the experiences' : Lisa Haydon prefers confident, free-spirited men" (http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/entertainment/29-Dec-2015/it-s-about-the-experiences-lisa-haydon-prefers-confident-free-spirited-men) . Daily Times (/wiki/Daily_Times_(Pakistan)) . Retrieved 25 January 2016 . [ permanent dead link ] This article about a television show originating in India is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Born_Stylish&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐q7q5s Cached time: 20240719231612 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.440 seconds Real time usage: 0.557 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2007/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 24417/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3887/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 37/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 25780/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.304/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5844507/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 535.033 1 -total 67.16% 359.328 14 Template:Main_other 51.70% 276.599 1 Template:Infobox_television 30.63% 163.905 1 Template:Infobox_television/Short_description 28.22% 150.964 1 Template:Trim 27.97% 149.651 1 Template:Short_description 23.74% 127.038 1 Template:Reflist 19.26% 103.049 5 Template:Cite_web 17.18% 91.932 1 Template:Infobox 17.12% 91.611 1 Template:Country2nationality Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:49215634-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719231612 and revision id 1227472855. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Born_Stylish&oldid=1227472855 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Born_Stylish&oldid=1227472855) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Colors Infinity original programming (/wiki/Category:Colors_Infinity_original_programming) 2015 Indian television series debuts (/wiki/Category:2015_Indian_television_series_debuts) Indian television show stubs (/wiki/Category:Indian_television_show_stubs) Hidden categories: All articles with dead external links (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links) Articles with dead external links from July 2017 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_July_2017) Articles with permanently dead external links (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links) Use dmy dates from August 2019 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_August_2019) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_December_2020) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
British clothing supplier International Clothing Designs is a UK-based supplier to the fashion retail industry. It was founded by entrepreneur (/wiki/Entrepreneur) Richard Caring (/wiki/Richard_Caring) in the 1970s and initially imported mass-produced clothing from manufacturers in Hong Kong into the UK market. History [ edit ] Having grown a women's fashion supply business in the UK during the 1960s, Caring visited Hong Kong (/wiki/Hong_Kong) in 1971. [1] (#cite_note-ManToday-1) Labour and materials were cheaper than in Britain, [2] (#cite_note-Slater-2) and Caring worked with local manufacturers to develop mass production techniques that delivered quality results. [3] (#cite_note-3) As a result, he became one of the first western high fashion (/wiki/High_fashion) buyers to develop localised Chinese (/wiki/China) relationships, and returned to the UK to sell the new high quality but cheaper garments to UK retailers (/wiki/Retailer) . [1] (#cite_note-ManToday-1) International Clothing Designs (ICD) was established to exploit the new opportunity, and Caring moved his family permanently to Hong Kong in 1979. At its height ICD supplied 70% of the clothing sold by British high street retailers, [1] (#cite_note-ManToday-1) supplying Marks & Spencer (/wiki/Marks_%26_Spencer) , Mothercare (/wiki/Mothercare) and Next (/wiki/Next_(clothing)) . Through ICD and its trading, Caring met Philip Green (/wiki/Philip_Green) , the fashion retailer, and became the dominant supplier to Green's Arcadia Group (/wiki/Arcadia_Group) , which included Dorothy Perkins (/wiki/Dorothy_Perkins) , Topshop (/wiki/Topshop) and Top Man (/wiki/Topman) . [1] (#cite_note-ManToday-1) ICD had majority holdings in 17 companies, but by 2005 only two were active, and turnover at the holding company, once over £100m, had fallen to £85.5m, [4] (#cite_note-Observer-4) and to £74.2m a year later [5] (#cite_note-Square-5) - though "a complex web of businesses, many of which lead to offshore holding companies, [make] it hard to detect Caring's full earnings from the fashion world." [5] (#cite_note-Square-5) During the 2000s, ICD reduced its scale, but in 2009 still employed some 250 people. [1] (#cite_note-ManToday-1) For 15 years up to about 2005, fellow fashion retail businessman Phil Wrigley (chairman of New Look (/wiki/New_Look_(company)) ) regarded Caring's business as "a very significant, if not the most significant, supplier of apparel to the UK". Then, as retailers began to deal directly with suppliers, ICD scaled down from 27 clothing divisions to eight by 2010. [6] (#cite_note-Blitz-6) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Chris Blackhurst (1 June 2009). "The MT Interview: Richard Caring" (http://www.managementtoday.co.uk/news/908157/MT-Interview-Richard-Caring) . Retrieved 3 December 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Slater_2-0) Slater, Lydia (12 June 2009). "Exclusive: Richard Caring's restaurant empire" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110205130756/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/lifestyle/article-23706598-exclusive-richard-carings-restaurant-empire.do) . ES Magazine . Archived from the original (http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/lifestyle/article-23706598-exclusive-richard-carings-restaurant-empire.do) on 5 February 2011 . Retrieved 3 December 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) China Influence. "The Brits that Changed China" (http://chinainfluence.org/portfolio/richard-caring) . Richard Caring. ^ (#cite_ref-Observer_4-0) "Caring's rags-to-dishes story" (https://www.theguardian.com/business/2005/jun/12/theobserver.observerbusiness5) . Observer . 12 June 2005 . Retrieved 3 December 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Ivy League - A Profile of Richard Caring" (https://www.squaremeal.co.uk/restaurants/other/ivy-league-a-profile-of-richard-caring_1596) . Square Meal . 25 April 2008 . Retrieved 3 December 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Blitz_6-0) Blitz, Roger (23 April 2010). "How Richard Caring piles up trophy assets" (https://www.ft.com/content/612a03f0-4c21-11df-a217-00144feab49a) . Financial Times . Retrieved 3 December 2020 . This article about a fashion brand, house, corporation or company is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Clothing_Designs&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐85f5b4c5d4‐vgzdq Cached time: 20240712194353 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.285 seconds Real time usage: 1.115 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 507/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 13469/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 446/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 27427/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.193/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4195453/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1092.515 1 -total 46.31% 505.992 1 Template:Fashion-company-stub 46.09% 503.588 1 Template:Asbox 32.19% 351.695 1 Template:Reflist 27.39% 299.187 2 Template:Cite_web 20.71% 226.209 1 Template:Short_description 5.27% 57.619 2 Template:Pagetype 4.42% 48.316 3 Template:Main_other 4.18% 45.618 1 Template:SDcat 2.24% 24.453 4 Template:Cite_news Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:66004974-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712194353 and revision id 1203853160. Rendering was triggered because: unknown esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Clothing_Designs&oldid=1203853160 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Clothing_Designs&oldid=1203853160) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Fashion company stubs (/wiki/Category:Fashion_company_stubs) Privately held companies of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Privately_held_companies_of_the_United_Kingdom) Clothing companies of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_Kingdom) Clothing companies of England (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_of_England) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
Canadian fashion designer Richard Robinson is a Canadian fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) based in Ottawa, Ontario (/wiki/Ottawa,_Ontario) . He is the proprietor of Richard Robinson Haute Couture, [1] (#cite_note-1) and operates the Richard Robinson Academy of Fashion Design. [2] (#cite_note-2) Career [ edit ] Robinson entered the fashion business by working for Christian Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior) and Yves Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(brand)) in their Paris ateliers. In 1969 he started his own fashion company in Ottawa. [3] (#cite_note-3) In 1972, Robinson opened the Richard Robinson Fashion Design Academy. Each year in May the Academy mounts a fashion show to display the work of both Robinson and his students. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) The event is usually held at the Lac Leamy Hotel. [7] (#cite_note-7) As well as ready-to wear clothing lines and his haute couture (/wiki/Haute_couture) collections, Robinson has designed clothing for various celebrities, [8] (#cite_note-8) including the wives of at least three Prime Ministers. [9] (#cite_note-Douglas2002-9) [10] (#cite_note-ChasanEwald1988-10) [11] (#cite_note-athome-11) Robinson operates a boutique on Sussex Drive in Ottawa. [11] (#cite_note-athome-11) Each year he creates a special dress design to be unveiled on Canada Day at his boutique. [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Richard Robinson, other Sussex shops, to relocate during construction" (http://ottawa.ctvnews.ca/richard-robinson-other-sussex-shops-to-relocate-during-construction-1.2664798) . CTV News Ottawa , Joanne Schnurr, November 18, 2015 ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Students from Richard Robinson Academy of Fashion Design prepare for Grande Premier 2015" (https://ottawacitizen.com/life/fashion-beauty/fashion-design-students-from-richard-robinson-academie-of-fashion-design-prepare-for-grande-premier-2015) . Ottawa Citizen , Wayne Cuddington May 8, 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Richard Robinson's greatest hits and the best work of his students" (https://ottawacitizen.com/entertainment/local-arts/fashion-show-looks-back-at-richard-robinsons-greatest-hits-and-the-best-work-of-his-students) . Ottawa Citizen , Peter Hum, May 10, 2015 ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Models strut their stuff for a spot in Richard Robinson's spring fashion show" (https://ottawacitizen.com/life/fashion-beauty/models-strut-their-stuff-for-a-spot-in-richard-robinsons-spring-fashion-show-with-video) . Ottawa Citizen . Wayne Cuddington January 29, 2015 ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Richard Robinson’s Grande Premiere 2013" (http://www.ottawasun.com/2013/05/18/richard-robinson-fashion-show-2013) . Ottawa Sun , May 18, 2013 ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Ottawa fashion designer Richard Robinson allowed a sneak peek at his latest collection..." (https://montrealgazette.com/Ottawa+fashion+designer+Richard+Robinson+allowed+sneak+peek+latest+collection+which+will+presented+Grande+Premiere+2010+Hilton+Leamy+dedicates+this+year+collection+cause+breast+cancer/2991155/story.html) . Wayne Cuddington, The Montreal Gazette , 05.04.2010 ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Richard Robinson’s Grande Première 2012" (http://www.fajomagazine.com/news/richard-robinson-grande-premiere-2012) . Fajo Magazine , May 7, 2012 ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Eat, drink & shop like a politician in Canada's capital city" (https://calgaryherald.com/travel/drink+shop+like+politician+Canada+capital+city/9246477/story.html) . Calgary Herald , Lisa Monforton, 12.05.2013 ^ (#cite_ref-Douglas2002_9-0) Ann Douglas (2002). Canuck Chicks and Maple Leaf Mamas: Women of the Great White North, a Celebration of Canadian Women . McArthur. p. 107. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-55278-312-2 . ^ (#cite_ref-ChasanEwald1988_10-0) Gail A. Chasan; Kathy Ewald (1988). Fodor's 89: Canada . Fodor's Pub. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-679-01608-3 . ^ Jump up to: a b "At home with Richard Robinson. (https://ottawacitizen.com/life/home+with+Richard+Robinson/6805828/story.html) Julie Oliver, The Ottawa Citizen 06.14.2012 ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Fashion designer Richard Robinson unveils his Canada Day dress" (https://ottawacitizen.com/life/fashion-beauty/Fashion+designer+Richard+Robinson+unveils+Canada+dress/6862981/story.html) . Joanne Laucius, Ottawa Citizen 06.28.2012 ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Richard Robinson: (https://edmontonjournal.com/Richard+Robinson/5026816/story.html) . Edmonton Journal , David Kawai, 06.28.2011 NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8b4585555‐tb4h6 Cached time: 20240709210230 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.212 seconds Real time usage: 0.333 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 405/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 4677/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 466/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 14167/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.135/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3720370/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 317.759 1 -total 62.84% 199.670 1 Template:Reflist 54.76% 173.992 2 Template:Cite_book 26.04% 82.733 1 Template:Short_description 14.21% 45.161 2 Template:Pagetype 8.88% 28.226 1 Template:Authority_control 7.37% 23.422 3 Template:Main_other 6.49% 20.624 1 Template:SDcat 0.92% 2.912 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:46715525-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709210230 and revision id 1025211900. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard_Robinson_(fashion_designer)&oldid=1025211900 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard_Robinson_(fashion_designer)&oldid=1025211900) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Canadian fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Canadian_fashion_designers) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Year of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_(living_people)) Place of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Place_of_birth_missing_(living_people))
American fashion designer Alvin Valley Nationality [American] Education University of Miami (/wiki/University_of_Miami) ( BA (/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts) ) Occupation Fashion designer Label Alvin Valley Website AlvinValley.com (http://www.alvinvalley.com/) Alvin Valley is an American fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_design) . [1] (#cite_note-1) He is frequently referred to as the "King of Pants" due to his widely acclaimed designs in women's pants. [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) " (http://fusion.net/video/1498/king-of-pants-alvin-valley-and-his-rocky-rise-to-fashions-top/) 'King of Pants' Alvin Valley and his rocky rise to fashion's top" (http://fusion.net/video/1498/king-of-pants-alvin-valley-and-his-rocky-rise-to-fashions-top/) . Fusion.net . Retrieved July 5, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Moss, Hillary (16 August 2012). "There Is a King of Pants" (https://www.thecut.com/2012/08/there-is-a-king-of-pants.html) . TheCut.com . Retrieved July 29, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Alvin Valley, the King of Pants, Returns With New Collection" (http://www.instyle.com/news/alvin-valley-king-pants-returns-new-collection) . InStyle.com . Retrieved July 5, 2017 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.alvinvalley.com/) This fashion (/wiki/Fashion) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alvin_Valley&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐85f5b4c5d4‐ftm6z Cached time: 20240712224232 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.357 seconds Real time usage: 0.494 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1618/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 10690/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 825/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 17253/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.233/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4576758/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 477.298 1 -total 35.75% 170.621 1 Template:Infobox_person 24.82% 118.481 1 Template:Reflist 21.15% 100.936 1 Template:Short_description 21.11% 100.740 3 Template:Cite_web 13.42% 64.042 1 Template:Fashion-stub 13.01% 62.107 1 Template:Asbox 11.68% 55.766 2 Template:Pagetype 10.37% 49.509 16 Template:Main_other 9.42% 44.971 1 Template:Wikidata_image Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:54654632-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712224232 and revision id 1162027950. Rendering was triggered because: unknown esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alvin_Valley&oldid=1162027950 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alvin_Valley&oldid=1162027950) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : American fashion designers (/wiki/Category:American_fashion_designers) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Fashion stubs (/wiki/Category:Fashion_stubs) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Year of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_(living_people)) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
Luxury perfume house based in the UK Clive Christian Perfume Company type Private Industry Cosmetics (/wiki/Cosmetics) Fragrance (/wiki/Fragrance) Genre Cosmetics Founded 1999 ( London (/wiki/London) ) Founder Clive Christian (/wiki/Clive_Christian) Headquarters London, England Area served United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) United States (/wiki/United_States) Europe (/wiki/Europe) Russia (/wiki/Russia) Middle East (/wiki/Middle_East) Key people Amy Nelson-Bennett (Chief Executive) Products Fragrances Number of employees 100+ [1] (#cite_note-sky.com-1) Website clivechristian.com (https://www.clivechristian.com/) Clive Christian Perfume is a UK-based independent luxury perfume house which sells products through its online store, at Harrods (/wiki/Harrods) , Selfridges (/wiki/Selfridges) , and Fortnum & Mason (/wiki/Fortnum_%26_Mason) in the UK (/wiki/United_Kingdom) as well as globally throughout America (/wiki/United_States) , Europe (/wiki/Europe) , Russia (/wiki/Russian_Federation) and the Middle East (/wiki/Middle_East) . History [ edit ] The Clive Christian perfume house was established in 1999, [2] (#cite_note-2) when Clive Christian (/wiki/Clive_Christian) purchased the Crown Perfumery Company. The Crown Perfumery had been founded in 1872 and was granted the use of the royal crown by Queen Victoria, [3] (#cite_note-3) but had come upon hard times, with declining profits and a fall in the quality of its products. [ citation needed ] The first release by the newly purchased company was the Original Collection, which featured the fragrance pairs ‘1872’, ‘X’, and ‘ No.1 (/wiki/Clive_Christian_No._1) ’. The new millennium brought a re-launch for this collection, along with the release of a new family of perfumes. This was the Private Collection, which consisted of the introduction of the ‘C’ fragrance in 2010, the ‘V’ fragrance in 2012 and the ‘L’ in 2014. The release of the ‘V’ perfume coincided with Christian being awarded an OBE by Queen Elizabeth II (/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II) in the 2012 New Year Honours List. [4] (#cite_note-4) Later that year, a special bottle was presented to the Queen for her Diamond Jubilee. [5] (#cite_note-5) Clive Christian Perfume now employs several hundred people [1] (#cite_note-sky.com-1) and as of 2017, features more than 10 different perfumes on its site, including the newly launched Noble VIII pair. [6] (#cite_note-6) Purchases [ edit ] In 2015, a majority stake in the company was bought [7] (#cite_note-7) for an undisclosed sum by a consortium that included the founders of Stagecoach (/wiki/Stagecoach_Group) and venture capitalist Jon Moulton (/wiki/Jon_Moulton) : founder and manager of Better Capital. [8] (#cite_note-8) Christian retained a stake in the company and also became creative director, [9] (#cite_note-9) with former Molton Brown (/wiki/Molton_Brown) executive Amy Nelson-Bennett appointed chief executive. [10] (#cite_note-10) In July 2019, the Clive Christian (/wiki/Clive_Christian) business and brand was acquired by Nichebox, a perfume holding company. [11] (#cite_note-11) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "Moulton And Souter Swoop On UK Luxury Brand" (http://news.sky.com/story/moulton-and-souter-swoop-on-uk-luxury-brand-10345925) . News.sky.com . Retrieved 26 December 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Clive Christian Fragrance House" (https://perfumesociety.org/discover-perfume/an-introduction/perfume-houses/clive-christian-fragrance/) . Perfumesociety.org . Retrieved 26 December 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) McCormack, Derek. "Clive Christian smells expensive" (https://ottawacitizen.com/Clive+Christian+smells+expensive/726513/story.html) . Ottawacitizen.com . Retrieved 26 December 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Clive Christian receives OBE for services to the luxury goods industry" (http://www.hellomagazine.com/healthandbeauty/201201066917/clive-christian-obe/) . Hellomagazine.com . 6 January 2012 . Retrieved 26 December 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Clive Christian Perfume \| the Crown Perfumery Company" (https://web.archive.org/web/20171226182244/http://www.saltsscentsandsociety.com/clive-christian-perfume/) . Archived from the original (http://www.saltsscentsandsociety.com/clive-christian-perfume/) on 2017-12-26 . Retrieved 2017-06-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Clive Christian" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170512204125/http://www.khou.com/entertainment/television/programs/great-day-houston/clive-christian-051217/439222964) . Khou.com . Archived from the original (http://www.khou.com/entertainment/television/programs/great-day-houston/clive-christian-051217/439222964) on 12 May 2017 . Retrieved 26 December 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Maker of world's dearest perfume is in the red" (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/clive-christian-maker-of-world-s-dearest-perfume-is-in-the-red-a6756631.html) . Independent.co.uk . 2 December 2015 . Retrieved 26 December 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Burggraf, Helen (18 September 2015). "Jon Moulton consortium takes majority stake in Clive Christian lux brand - AltAssets Private Equity News" (https://www.altassets.net/private-equity-news/by-news-type/deal-news/jon-moulton-consortium-takes-majority-stake-in-clive-christian-lux-brand.html) . Altassets.net . Retrieved 26 December 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) " (http://realbusiness.co.uk/business-growth/2015/09/21/worlds-most-expensive-perfume-snapped-up-by-stagecoach-founders-and-jon-moulton/) "World's most expensive perfume" snapped up by Stagecoach founders and Jon Moulton - Real Business" (http://realbusiness.co.uk/business-growth/2015/09/21/worlds-most-expensive-perfume-snapped-up-by-stagecoach-founders-and-jon-moulton/) . Realbusiness.co.uk . 21 September 2015 . Retrieved 26 December 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "EME Investments Acquires Majority Stake in Leading British Luxury Fragrance and Interiors Brand Clive Christian" (http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20150917006461/en/EME-Investments-Acquires-Majority-Stake-Leading-British) . Businesswire.com . 18 September 2015 . Retrieved 26 December 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Sir Brian Souter sells New Zealand bus interests" (https://www.scotsman.com/business/sir-brian-souter-sells-new-zealand-bus-interests-1-4987869) . scotsman.com . 20 August 2019 . Retrieved 16 September 2019 . External links [ edit ] Clive Christian (http://www.clivechristian.com) website NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐vmhqk Cached time: 20240713235555 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.284 seconds Real time usage: 0.382 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1745/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 30316/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1933/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 42874/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.181/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6261508/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 360.002 1 -total 42.47% 152.906 1 Template:Reflist 36.58% 131.685 11 Template:Cite_web 25.45% 91.622 1 Template:Infobox_company 22.68% 81.644 1 Template:Infobox 19.64% 70.708 1 Template:Short_description 11.42% 41.109 2 Template:Pagetype 11.00% 39.604 1 Template:Citation_needed 9.46% 34.052 1 Template:Fix 6.44% 23.199 2 Template:Category_handler Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:54204612-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713235555 and revision id 1189783718. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clive_Christian_Perfume&oldid=1189783718 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clive_Christian_Perfume&oldid=1189783718) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Perfume houses (/wiki/Category:Perfume_houses) 1999 establishments in the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:1999_establishments_in_the_United_Kingdom) Companies based in London (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_London) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from January 2020 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_January_2020)
Italian footwear company This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Falc) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Falc" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Falc%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Falc%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Falc%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Falc%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Falc%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Falc%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( January 2021 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Falc S.p.A. Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion_industry) Founded 1974 ; 50 years ago ( 1974 ) in Civitanova Marche (/wiki/Civitanova_Marche) , Italy Products Shoes (/wiki/Shoe) Website falc (http://falc.biz) .biz (http://falc.biz) Falc S.p.A. is an Italian footwear manufacturer founded in Civitanova Marche (/wiki/Civitanova_Marche) (MC) in 1974. [1] (#cite_note-1) The name Falc derives from ‘Falchetti’, a historical name by which the inhabitants of the upper part of the town were known. The Falcotto line of shoes, created for children who crawl and toddlers, was introduced by Falc in 1982. Six years later in 1988, this company of Marche Region (/wiki/Marche) launched the Naturino line on the market whose characterising features are the ‘sand effect’ system and a slip-out insole. [2] (#cite_note-brandhistory-2) In 1989 Falc acquired the Moschino license for children’s footwear. [2] (#cite_note-brandhistory-2) Falc entered the field of footwear for adults in 2005 when it introduced the Moschino’s Men’s collection and presented the Voile Blanche unisex line. [2] (#cite_note-brandhistory-2) Today, Falc produces more than 2 million pairs of shoes a year and in recent years the company has opened 5000 sales outlets, 50 exclusive stores, factories in different countries and branch offices in the United States (/wiki/United_States) , Canada (/wiki/Canada) , Singapore (/wiki/Singapore) , China (/wiki/China) , France (/wiki/France) and Germany (/wiki/Germany) . See also [ edit ] Company portal (/wiki/Portal:Company) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Italy portal (/wiki/Portal:Italy) Baldinini (/wiki/Baldinini) Stefano Bemer (/wiki/Stefano_Bemer) Bettanin & Venturi (/wiki/Bettanin_%26_Venturi) Bontoni (/wiki/Bontoni) Bottega Veneta (/wiki/Bottega_Veneta) Braccialini (/wiki/Braccialini) Brunello Cucinelli (/wiki/Brunello_Cucinelli_(company)) Calzaturificio fratelli soldini (/wiki/Calzaturificio_fratelli_soldini) Diesel (brand) (/wiki/Diesel_(brand)) Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) Fiorucci (/wiki/Fiorucci) Furla (/wiki/Furla) Garolini (/wiki/Garolini) Genny (/wiki/Genny) Geox (/wiki/Geox) Golden Goose (/wiki/Golden_Goose_(company)) Gravati (/wiki/Gravati) Gucci (/wiki/Gucci) Iceberg (/wiki/Iceberg_(fashion_house)) Krizia (/wiki/Krizia) Luigi Voltan (/wiki/Luigi_Voltan) Bruno Magli (/wiki/Bruno_Magli) Marina Rinaldi (/wiki/Marina_Rinaldi) Moon Boot (/wiki/Moon_Boot) Cesare Paciotti (/wiki/Cesare_Paciotti) Pal Zileri (/wiki/Pal_Zileri) Pinko (/wiki/Pinko_(fashion)) Prada (/wiki/Prada) Ferragamo (/wiki/Salvatore_Ferragamo_S.p.A.) Sergio Rossi (/wiki/Sergio_Rossi) Superga (/wiki/Superga_(brand)) Tod's (/wiki/Tod%27s) Valextra (/wiki/Valextra) Versace (/wiki/Versace) Vibram (/wiki/Vibram) Made in Italy (/wiki/Made_in_Italy) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "About Us" (http://www.falc.biz/about-us/) . Falc . Retrieved 1 May 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "The Brands" (http://www.falc.biz/brands/) . Falc . Retrieved 1 May 2019 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://falc.biz/index.php?option=com_content&id=6&Itemid=&lang=en) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐b7d4d997‐qkkhs Cached time: 20240701070637 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.369 seconds Real time usage: 0.612 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1638/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 18809/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1198/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 12741/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.225/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4929070/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 556.401 1 -total 24.56% 136.629 1 Template:Reflist 21.57% 120.035 2 Template:Cite_web 20.48% 113.951 1 Template:Infobox_company 18.01% 100.184 1 Template:Infobox 15.46% 86.009 1 Template:Short_description 13.65% 75.921 1 Template:More_citations_needed 13.27% 73.811 1 Template:Portal 12.63% 70.261 1 Template:Ambox 10.16% 56.540 1 Template:Official_website Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:19959179-0!canonical and timestamp 20240701070637 and revision id 1231543134. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Falc&oldid=1231543134 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Falc&oldid=1231543134) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Shoe brands (/wiki/Category:Shoe_brands) Shoe companies of Italy (/wiki/Category:Shoe_companies_of_Italy) Clothing companies established in 1974 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1974) Italian companies established in 1974 (/wiki/Category:Italian_companies_established_in_1974) Italian brands (/wiki/Category:Italian_brands) Companies based in le Marche (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_le_Marche) Civitanova Marche (/wiki/Category:Civitanova_Marche) Children's clothing brands (/wiki/Category:Children%27s_clothing_brands) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles needing additional references from January 2021 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_January_2021) All articles needing additional references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references) Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia (/wiki/Category:Official_website_different_in_Wikidata_and_Wikipedia)
Turkish fashion designer (1955–2020) Nur Yerlitaş Yerlitaş in March 2016 Born Nuray Yerlitaş [1] (#cite_note-1) ( 1955-08-11 ) 11 August 1955 Istanbul (/wiki/Istanbul) , Turkey (/wiki/Turkey) Died 27 April 2020 (2020-04-27) (aged 64) Istanbul, Turkey Other names "Nurella" Occupation Fashion designer Television İşte Benim Stilim (/wiki/%C4%B0%C5%9Fte_Benim_Stilim) Nuray " Nur " Yerlitaş (11 August 1955 – 27 April 2020) was a Turkish fashion designer. Life [ edit ] Nur Yerlitaş was born on 11 August 1955 in the Vefa (/wiki/Vefa) , Istanbul (/wiki/Istanbul) . [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) She was of Arab (/wiki/Arabs_in_Turkey) descent from her mother's side, and of Turkish (/wiki/Turkish_people) descent from her father's side. [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) She started her career by selling accessories from Italy. In the following years she opened her own boutique and entered into designing business. [7] (#cite_note-7) In August 2018, Yerlitaş was diagnosed with brain cancer (/wiki/Brain_cancer) , for which she underwent surgery. [8] (#cite_note-ameliyat-8) She had a second surgery in March 2019. [8] (#cite_note-ameliyat-8) She died on 27 April 2020 at her home in Istanbul. [9] (#cite_note-olum-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) Her funeral was held at Zincirlikuyu Mosque and her body was buried at Ulus Cemetery. [11] (#cite_note-11) Filmography [ edit ] Television [12] (#cite_note-12) Bak Kim Dans Ediyor (2007) Yemekteyiz (/wiki/Yemekteyiz) (2010) Bugün Ne Giysem (2011) Bu Tarz Benim (/wiki/%C4%B0%C5%9Fte_Benim_Stilim) (2014) İşte Benim Stilim (/wiki/%C4%B0%C5%9Fte_Benim_Stilim) (2015–2017) Maral: En Güzel Hikâyem (2015) – episode 9 [13] (#cite_note-13) Music videos "Türkan" – Demet Akalın (/wiki/Demet_Akal%C4%B1n) (2011) "Karagözlüm" – Serkan Kaya (/wiki/Serkan_Kaya_(singer)) (2019) Commercials Yedigün (2015) [14] (#cite_note-14) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Nur Yerlitaş gerçek isminin Nuray Yerlitaş olduğunu söyledi!" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150427161748/http://www.habersirasi.com/nur-yerlitas-gercek-isminin-nuray-yerlitas-oldugunu-soyledi-4702.html) . habersirasi.com. 27 April 2015. Archived from the original (http://www.habersirasi.com/nur-yerlitas-gercek-isminin-nuray-yerlitas-oldugunu-soyledi-4702.html) on 27 April 2015 . Retrieved 22 September 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Nur Yerlitaş doğum gününü kutladı!" (http://www.magazinkolik.com/nur-yerlitas-dogum-gununu-kutladi-19749h.htm) . magazinkolik.com. 12 August 2011 . Retrieved 7 April 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) " (http://www.acrmedya.net/haber/1561/60-yasinda-sohret-oldum.html) '60 yaşında şöhret oldum' (http://www.acrmedya.net/haber/1561/60-yasinda-sohret-oldum.html) " (http://www.acrmedya.net/haber/1561/60-yasinda-sohret-oldum.html) . acrmedya.net. 12 January 2016 . Retrieved 7 April 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Çapa, İzzet (6 December 2011). " (http://magazin.haberturk.com/ozel-roportajlar/haber/693876-kivanc-ve-kenan-degil-ama-nejat-isler-uyar-bana) 'Kıvanç ve Kenan değil ama Nejat İşler uyar bana' (http://magazin.haberturk.com/ozel-roportajlar/haber/693876-kivanc-ve-kenan-degil-ama-nejat-isler-uyar-bana) " (http://magazin.haberturk.com/ozel-roportajlar/haber/693876-kivanc-ve-kenan-degil-ama-nejat-isler-uyar-bana) . Habertürk . Archived (https://archive.today/20150922043231/http://www.haberturk.com/magazin/ozel-roportajlar/haber/693876-kivanc-ve-kenan-degil-ama-nejat-isler-uyar-bana) from the original on 22 September 2015 . Retrieved 22 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Nur Yerlitaş kimdir? İşte Nur Yerlitaş'ın son hali" (https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/kelebek/magazin/nur-yerlitas-kimdir-iste-nur-yerlitasin-son-hali-40910113) . hurriyet.com.tr. 27 July 2018 . Retrieved 27 April 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Nur Yerlitaş Kimdir Aslen Nereli" (http://www.haber7.com/yasam/haber/2478760-nur-yerlitas-kimdir-aslen-nereli-ve-kac-yasindadir) . haber7.com . Retrieved 27 April 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Arman, Ayşe (/wiki/Ay%C5%9Fe_Arman) (3 June 2018). "Meme kanseri atlattım, linç edildim, 30 kilo verdim" (http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/yazarlar/ayse-arman/meme-kanseri-atlattim-linc-edildim-30-kilo-verdim-40856037) . Hürriyet . Retrieved 12 June 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Nur Yerlitaş gizlice ameliyat oldu" (https://www.haberturk.com/nur-yerlitas-gizlice-ameliyat-oldu-magazin-haberleri-2399746-magazin) . Habertürk . 11 March 2019 . Retrieved 28 April 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-olum_9-0) "Nur Yerlitaş kimdir? Modacı Nur Yerlitaş'ın hastalığı neydi" (https://www.haberturk.com/nur-yerlitas-kimdir-modaci-nur-yerlitas-in-hastaligi-neydi-hbrt-2660948) . Habertürk . 27 April 2020 . Retrieved 28 April 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Son Dakika: Nur Yerlitaş hayatını kaybetti" (https://web.archive.org/web/20200427133932/https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/kelebek/magazin/son-dakika-nur-yerlitas-hayatini-kaybetti-41504513) . Hürriyet . 27 April 2020. Archived from the original (https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/kelebek/magazin/son-dakika-nur-yerlitas-hayatini-kaybetti-41504513/) on 27 April 2020 . Retrieved 27 April 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Nur Yerlitaş, vasiyeti üzerine annesi Saadet Yerlitaş'ın yanına defnedilecek" (https://www.tv100.com/nur-yerlitas-bugun-vasiyeti-uzerine-annesi-saadet-yerlitasin-yanina-defnedilecek-haber-493921) . tv100. 28 April 2020 . Retrieved 28 April 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Çağlayan, Armağan (/wiki/Arma%C4%9Fan_%C3%87a%C4%9Flayan) (23 November 2014). "Nur Yerlitaş: Yolda suratıma tüküren oldu!" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150326173958/http://www.radikal.com.tr/yazarlar/armagan_caglayan/nur_yerlitas_yolda_suratima_tukuren_oldu-1236867) . Radikal. Archived from the original (http://www.radikal.com.tr/yazarlar/armagan_caglayan/nur_yerlitas_yolda_suratima_tukuren_oldu-1236867) on 26 March 2015 . Retrieved 30 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Maral: En Güzel Hikayem'e sürpriz konuk" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150922043750/http://www.turkiyegazetesi.com.tr/magazin/260751.aspx) . Türkiye . 24 April 2015. Archived from the original (http://www.turkiyegazetesi.com.tr/magazin/260751.aspx) on 22 September 2015 . Retrieved 26 April 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Nur Yerlitaş reklam yıldızı oldu" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150209205521/http://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/video/video/194305/Nur_Yerlitas_reklam_yildizi_oldu.html) . Cumhuriyet. 23 January 2015. Archived from the original (http://www.cumhuriyet.com.tr/video/video/194305/Nur_Yerlitas_reklam_yildizi_oldu.html) on 9 February 2015 . Retrieved 9 February 2015 . External links [ edit ] Nur Yerlitaş (https://www.instagram.com/nuryerlitas/) on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram_(identifier)) This Turkish (/wiki/Turkey) biographical article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nur_Yerlita%C5%9F&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐9cqrk Cached time: 20240712183733 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.465 seconds Real time usage: 0.716 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2393/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 33972/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1719/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 58379/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.303/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7035189/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 552.631 1 -total 33.89% 187.277 1 Template:Reflist 31.66% 174.970 1 Template:Infobox_person 27.60% 152.519 12 Template:Cite_news 16.98% 93.826 1 Template:Short_description 12.65% 69.934 1 Template:Turkey-bio-stub 12.31% 68.019 1 Template:Asbox 10.96% 60.581 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 8.56% 47.314 2 Template:Pagetype 6.90% 38.125 17 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:59679674-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712183733 and revision id 1122890321. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nur_Yerlitaş&oldid=1122890321 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nur_Yerlitaş&oldid=1122890321) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Turkish people stubs (/wiki/Category:Turkish_people_stubs) 1955 births (/wiki/Category:1955_births) 2020 deaths (/wiki/Category:2020_deaths) Turkish people of Arab descent (/wiki/Category:Turkish_people_of_Arab_descent) Turkish fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Turkish_fashion_designers) Turkish women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Turkish_women_fashion_designers) Deaths from brain cancer in Turkey (/wiki/Category:Deaths_from_brain_cancer_in_Turkey) Burials at Ulus Cemetery (/wiki/Category:Burials_at_Ulus_Cemetery) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of clothing (Western fashion) (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:History_of_clothing_(Western_fashion)) . The history of clothing (Western fashion) generally covers clothing (/wiki/Clothing) worn in Western Europe (/wiki/Western_Europe) , the Americas (/wiki/Americas) , and countries under European or American (/wiki/United_States) influence from c. 1750 to World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) . Clothing popularly worn in Medieval Europe is categorised under Category:Medieval European costume (/wiki/Category:Medieval_European_costume) . Modern clothing is categorised under Category:History of fashion (/wiki/Category:History_of_fashion) . See also: Category:Clothing by country (/wiki/Category:Clothing_by_country) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐d655v Cached time: 20240721032639 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.060 seconds Real time usage: 0.100 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 165/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3388/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 418/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1528/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.032/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1203159/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 88.969 1 -total 77.09% 68.589 1 Template:Commons_category 74.21% 66.028 1 Template:Sister_project 70.83% 63.013 1 Template:Side_box 32.21% 28.658 2 Template:If_then_show 22.80% 20.289 1 Template:Cat_see_also 3.17% 2.824 1 Template:Category_see_also/Category_pair_check Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:5674990-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721032639 and revision id 951317449. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 47 subcategories, out of 47 total. 0–9 12th-century fashion (/wiki/Category:12th-century_fashion) ‎ (4 P) 13th-century fashion (/wiki/Category:13th-century_fashion) ‎ (9 P) 14th-century fashion (/wiki/Category:14th-century_fashion) ‎ (16 P) 15th-century fashion (/wiki/Category:15th-century_fashion) ‎ (23 P) 16th-century fashion (/wiki/Category:16th-century_fashion) ‎ (60 P) 17th-century fashion (/wiki/Category:17th-century_fashion) ‎ (72 P) 18th-century fashion (/wiki/Category:18th-century_fashion) ‎ (11 C, 94 P, 1 F) 19th-century fashion (/wiki/Category:19th-century_fashion) ‎ (13 C, 183 P) 1700s fashion (/wiki/Category:1700s_fashion) ‎ (2 P) 1710s fashion (/wiki/Category:1710s_fashion) ‎ (1 P) 1720s fashion (/wiki/Category:1720s_fashion) ‎ (1 P) 1730s fashion (/wiki/Category:1730s_fashion) ‎ (1 P) 1740s fashion (/wiki/Category:1740s_fashion) ‎ (1 P) 1750s fashion (/wiki/Category:1750s_fashion) ‎ (1 P) 1760s fashion (/wiki/Category:1760s_fashion) ‎ (3 P) 1770s fashion (/wiki/Category:1770s_fashion) ‎ (5 P) 1780s fashion (/wiki/Category:1780s_fashion) ‎ (1 C, 2 P, 1 F) 1790s fashion (/wiki/Category:1790s_fashion) ‎ (1 C, 14 P, 1 F) 1800s fashion (/wiki/Category:1800s_fashion) ‎ (4 P) 1810s fashion (/wiki/Category:1810s_fashion) ‎ (1 C, 5 P) 1820s fashion (/wiki/Category:1820s_fashion) ‎ (7 P) 1830s fashion (/wiki/Category:1830s_fashion) ‎ (3 C, 10 P) 1840s fashion (/wiki/Category:1840s_fashion) ‎ (1 C, 10 P) 1850s fashion (/wiki/Category:1850s_fashion) ‎ (5 C, 15 P) 1860s fashion (/wiki/Category:1860s_fashion) ‎ (2 C, 21 P) 1870s fashion (/wiki/Category:1870s_fashion) ‎ (3 C, 22 P) 1880s fashion (/wiki/Category:1880s_fashion) ‎ (7 C, 28 P) 1890s fashion (/wiki/Category:1890s_fashion) ‎ (7 C, 25 P, 1 F) 1900s fashion (/wiki/Category:1900s_fashion) ‎ (10 C, 30 P) 1910s fashion (/wiki/Category:1910s_fashion) ‎ (10 C, 39 P) 1920s fashion (/wiki/Category:1920s_fashion) ‎ (11 C, 60 P) 1930s fashion (/wiki/Category:1930s_fashion) ‎ (9 C, 70 P) 1940s fashion (/wiki/Category:1940s_fashion) ‎ (9 C, 83 P) E Early Modern armour (/wiki/Category:Early_Modern_armour) ‎ (2 C, 6 P) F Formal wear (/wiki/Category:Formal_wear) ‎ (11 C, 26 P) Frock coats (/wiki/Category:Frock_coats) ‎ (5 P) G Gowns (/wiki/Category:Gowns) ‎ (4 C, 35 P) H Haute couture (/wiki/Category:Haute_couture) ‎ (7 C, 64 P) Highland dress (/wiki/Category:Highland_dress) ‎ (1 C, 32 P) M Medieval European costume (/wiki/Category:Medieval_European_costume) ‎ (3 C, 72 P) Medieval armour (/wiki/Category:Medieval_armour) ‎ (5 C, 47 P) Medieval costume (/wiki/Category:Medieval_costume) ‎ (5 C, 6 P) Military uniforms (/wiki/Category:Military_uniforms) ‎ (18 C, 127 P) R Roman-era clothing (/wiki/Category:Roman-era_clothing) ‎ (1 C, 30 P) S Semi-formal wear (/wiki/Category:Semi-formal_wear) ‎ (3 C, 16 P, 1 F) Suits (clothing) (/wiki/Category:Suits_(clothing)) ‎ (5 C, 37 P, 1 F) W Western wear (/wiki/Category:Western_wear) ‎ (1 C, 27 P) Pages in category "History of clothing (Western fashion)" The following 200 pages are in this category, out of approximately 291 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . (previous page) ( next page (/w/index.php?title=Category:History_of_clothing_(Western_fashion)&pagefrom=Poncho#mw-pages) ) History of Western fashion (/wiki/History_of_Western_fashion) 0–9 1100–1200 in European fashion (/wiki/1100%E2%80%931200_in_European_fashion) 1200–1300 in European fashion (/wiki/1200%E2%80%931300_in_European_fashion) 1300–1400 in European fashion (/wiki/1300%E2%80%931400_in_European_fashion) 1400–1500 in European fashion (/wiki/1400%E2%80%931500_in_European_fashion) 1500–1550 in European fashion (/wiki/1500%E2%80%931550_in_European_fashion) 1550–1600 in European fashion (/wiki/1550%E2%80%931600_in_European_fashion) 1600–1650 in Western fashion (/wiki/1600%E2%80%931650_in_Western_fashion) 1650–1700 in Western fashion (/wiki/1650%E2%80%931700_in_Western_fashion) 1700–1750 in Western fashion (/wiki/1700%E2%80%931750_in_Western_fashion) 1750–1775 in Western fashion (/wiki/1750%E2%80%931775_in_Western_fashion) 1775–1795 in Western fashion (/wiki/1775%E2%80%931795_in_Western_fashion) 1795–1820 in Western fashion (/wiki/1795%E2%80%931820_in_Western_fashion) 1820s in Western fashion (/wiki/1820s_in_Western_fashion) 1830s in Western fashion (/wiki/1830s_in_Western_fashion) 1840s in Western fashion (/wiki/1840s_in_Western_fashion) 1850s in Western fashion (/wiki/1850s_in_Western_fashion) 1860s in Western fashion (/wiki/1860s_in_Western_fashion) 1870s in Western fashion (/wiki/1870s_in_Western_fashion) A Adrian helmet (/wiki/Adrian_helmet) Alb (/wiki/Alb) Albert shako (/wiki/Albert_shako) Altdeutsche Tracht (/wiki/Altdeutsche_Tracht) Amice (/wiki/Amice) Artistic Dress (/wiki/Artistic_Dress) Artois (cloak) (/wiki/Artois_(cloak)) Ascot tie (/wiki/Ascot_tie) B Ball gown (/wiki/Ball_gown) Balzo headdress (/wiki/Balzo_headdress) Baseball cap (/wiki/Baseball_cap) Bases (fashion) (/wiki/Bases_(fashion)) Basque (clothing) (/wiki/Basque_(clothing)) Beanie (seamed cap) (/wiki/Beanie_(seamed_cap)) Bearskin (/wiki/Bearskin) Bedgown (/wiki/Bedgown) Bell-bottoms (/wiki/Bell-bottoms) Beret (/wiki/Beret) Bergère hat (/wiki/Berg%C3%A8re_hat) Bicorne (/wiki/Bicorne) Biretta (/wiki/Biretta) Black tie (/wiki/Black_tie) Blackwork (/wiki/Blackwork) Bloomers (/wiki/Bloomers) Blouse (/wiki/Blouse) Boater (/wiki/Boater) Bodice (/wiki/Bodice) Bone (corsetry) (/wiki/Bone_(corsetry)) Boothose (/wiki/Boothose) Bouffant gown (/wiki/Bouffant_gown) Bowler hat (/wiki/Bowler_hat) Bra (/wiki/Bra) Bralessness (/wiki/Bralessness) Breeches (/wiki/Breeches) Breeching (boys) (/wiki/Breeching_(boys)) Brunswick (clothing) (/wiki/Brunswick_(clothing)) Burka (Caucasus) (/wiki/Burka_(Caucasus)) Busby (military headdress) (/wiki/Busby_(military_headdress)) Busk (corsetry) (/wiki/Busk_(corsetry)) Bustle (/wiki/Bustle) Bycocket (/wiki/Bycocket) C Cap comforter (/wiki/Cap_comforter) Capotain (/wiki/Capotain) Car coat (/wiki/Car_coat) Caraco (/wiki/Caraco) Cardigan (sweater) (/wiki/Cardigan_(sweater)) Casaquin (/wiki/Casaquin) Cassock (/wiki/Cassock) Cavalier boot (/wiki/Cavalier_boot) Chantilly lace (/wiki/Chantilly_lace) Chaperon (headgear) (/wiki/Chaperon_(headgear)) Chaplet (headgear) (/wiki/Chaplet_(headgear)) Charro outfit (/wiki/Charro_outfit) Charvet Place Vendôme (/wiki/Charvet_Place_Vend%C3%B4me) List of Charvet customers (/wiki/List_of_Charvet_customers) Chasuble (/wiki/Chasuble) Chemise (/wiki/Chemise) Chemisette (/wiki/Chemisette) Cheongsam (/wiki/Cheongsam) Chesterfield coat (/wiki/Chesterfield_coat) Choir dress (/wiki/Choir_dress) Cincture (/wiki/Cincture) Cloakmaker (/wiki/Cloakmaker) Cloche hat (/wiki/Cloche_hat) Close-bodied gown (/wiki/Close-bodied_gown) Coat (/wiki/Coat) Coatee (/wiki/Coatee) Coin purse (/wiki/Coin_purse) Cope (/wiki/Cope) Cornette (/wiki/Cornette) Corolla (headgear) (/wiki/Corolla_(headgear)) Corset (/wiki/Corset) Corset controversy (/wiki/Corset_controversy) Court uniform and dress in the United Kingdom (/wiki/Court_uniform_and_dress_in_the_United_Kingdom) Cowboy boot (/wiki/Cowboy_boot) Cowboy hat (/wiki/Cowboy_hat) Crinoline (/wiki/Crinoline) Crochet bikini (/wiki/Crochet_bikini) Cyclas (garment) (/wiki/Cyclas_(garment)) D Dalmatic (/wiki/Dalmatic) Dandy (/wiki/Dandy) Deerstalker (/wiki/Deerstalker) Detachable collar (/wiki/Detachable_collar) Devonshire Collection of Period Costume (/wiki/Devonshire_Collection_of_Period_Costume) Dickey (garment) (/wiki/Dickey_(garment)) Dolly Varden (costume) (/wiki/Dolly_Varden_(costume)) Dolman (/wiki/Dolman) Doublet (clothing) (/wiki/Doublet_(clothing)) Dress shirt (/wiki/Dress_shirt) Charlie Dunn (/wiki/Charlie_Dunn) Duster (clothing) (/wiki/Duster_(clothing)) E Engageante (/wiki/Engageante) English medieval clothing (/wiki/English_medieval_clothing) Epigonation (/wiki/Epigonation) Epitrachelion (/wiki/Epitrachelion) European hand fans in the 18th century (/wiki/European_hand_fans_in_the_18th_century) Evening gown (/wiki/Evening_gown) F Farthingale (/wiki/Farthingale) Fascia (sash) (/wiki/Fascia_(sash)) Feed sack dress (/wiki/Feed_sack_dress) Poffer (/wiki/Poffer) Joseph William Foster (/wiki/Joseph_William_Foster) Frisette (wig) (/wiki/Frisette_(wig)) Frock (/wiki/Frock) G Gable hood (/wiki/Gable_hood) Gaiters (/wiki/Gaiters) Galoshes (/wiki/Galoshes) Galway shawl (/wiki/Galway_shawl) Gamsbart (/wiki/Gamsbart) Garibaldi shirt (/wiki/Garibaldi_shirt) Girdle (/wiki/Girdle) Gown (/wiki/Gown) Grecian bend (/wiki/Grecian_bend) Guernsey (clothing) (/wiki/Guernsey_(clothing)) H Hangaroc (/wiki/Hangaroc) Hatpin (/wiki/Hatpin) Hennin (/wiki/Hennin) Hessian (boot) (/wiki/Hessian_(boot)) History of fashion design (/wiki/History_of_fashion_design) Hobble skirt (/wiki/Hobble_skirt) Hongreline (/wiki/Hongreline) Hoop skirt (/wiki/Hoop_skirt) Hose (clothing) (/wiki/Hose_(clothing)) Houppelande (/wiki/Houppelande) Hourglass corset (/wiki/Hourglass_corset) J Jabot (neckwear) (/wiki/Jabot_(neckwear)) Jacket (/wiki/Jacket) Jeans (/wiki/Jeans) Jerkin (/wiki/Jerkin) Jersey (clothing) (/wiki/Jersey_(clothing)) Jockey's cap (/wiki/Jockey%27s_cap) K Kinsale cloak (/wiki/Kinsale_cloak) Knickerbockers (clothing) (/wiki/Knickerbockers_(clothing)) L Leading strings (/wiki/Leading_strings) Leotard (/wiki/Leotard) Lingerie dress (/wiki/Lingerie_dress) Liripipe (/wiki/Liripipe) Little black dress (/wiki/Little_black_dress) M Macaroni (fashion) (/wiki/Macaroni_(fashion)) Mackinaw jacket (/wiki/Mackinaw_jacket) Maillot (/wiki/Maillot) Mandilion (/wiki/Mandilion) Mantle (clothing) (/wiki/Mantle_(clothing)) Mantle (monastic vesture) (/wiki/Mantle_(monastic_vesture)) Mantua (clothing) (/wiki/Mantua_(clothing)) Jeanne Margaine-Lacroix (/wiki/Jeanne_Margaine-Lacroix) Mess dress uniform (/wiki/Mess_dress_uniform) Mirliton (military) (/wiki/Mirliton_(military)) Mitre (/wiki/Mitre) Morning dress (/wiki/Morning_dress) Motley (/wiki/Motley) Motoring hood (/wiki/Motoring_hood) N National Dress Reform Association (/wiki/National_Dress_Reform_Association) Necktie (/wiki/Necktie) Norfolk jacket (/wiki/Norfolk_jacket) O Omophorion (/wiki/Omophorion) One-piece swimsuit (/wiki/One-piece_swimsuit) Opera cloak (/wiki/Opera_cloak) Orarion (/wiki/Orarion) Overcoat (/wiki/Overcoat) Oxford bags (/wiki/Oxford_bags) P Pajamas (/wiki/Pajamas) Pannier (clothing) (/wiki/Pannier_(clothing)) Pantsuit (/wiki/Pantsuit) Parure (/wiki/Parure) Patten (shoe) (/wiki/Patten_(shoe)) Pattern (sewing) (/wiki/Pattern_(sewing)) Peignoir (/wiki/Peignoir) Peinetón (/wiki/Peinet%C3%B3n) Pelisse (/wiki/Pelisse) Pellegrina (/wiki/Pellegrina) Petticoat (/wiki/Petticoat) Petticoat breeches (/wiki/Petticoat_breeches) Phelonion (/wiki/Phelonion) Phrygian cap (/wiki/Phrygian_cap) Piccadill (/wiki/Piccadill) Pinafore (/wiki/Pinafore) Plus fours (/wiki/Plus_fours) Poet shirt (/wiki/Poet_shirt) Paul Poiret (/wiki/Paul_Poiret) Polonaise (clothing) (/wiki/Polonaise_(clothing)) (previous page) ( next page (/w/index.php?title=Category:History_of_clothing_(Western_fashion)&pagefrom=Poncho#mw-pages) ) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:History_of_clothing_(Western_fashion)&oldid=951317449 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:History_of_clothing_(Western_fashion)&oldid=951317449) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : History of clothing (/wiki/Category:History_of_clothing) Western culture (/wiki/Category:Western_culture) Hidden category: Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata)
London fashion designer Clive Evans Born 1933 [1] (#cite_note-The_Guardian_Hart_Adburgham-1) London [2] (#cite_note-SMH_30081964-2) Occupation Fashion designer Notable credit Member of Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers (/wiki/Incorporated_Society_of_London_Fashion_Designers) [2] (#cite_note-SMH_30081964-2) Clive Evans , better known as Clive , was a London-born fashion designer of the 1960s who attracted a number of celebrity fans and was promoted internationally as a high fashion designer from Swinging London (/wiki/Swinging_London) . Operating initially as a couture designer – and at a time when fashion was undergoing a radical shift towards mass-market and ready-to-wear – he was described by The Times (/wiki/The_Times) fashion editor Prudence Glynn (/wiki/Prudence_Glynn) in 1972 as: "the last flowering on the tree of British couture". [3] (#cite_note-The_Times_Glynn_180172-3) Early life and career [ edit ] Evans was born in London into a medical family, claiming six generations of doctors came before him. [2] (#cite_note-SMH_30081964-2) [4] (#cite_note-The_Times_250165-4) He chose not to follow family tradition and spent time in the navy (/wiki/Royal_Navy) , also training as a journalist and working as a porter. [4] (#cite_note-The_Times_250165-4) Having completed a course at Canterbury College of Art (/wiki/Kent_Institute_of_Art_%26_Design) Evans began his fashion apprenticeship with Michael of Carlos Place (/wiki/Michael_Donnellan_(fashion_designer)) before working at Lachasse (/wiki/Lachasse) and John Cavanagh (/wiki/John_Cavanagh_(designer)) – all were members of the Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers (IncSoc), giving him an impeccable grounding in the London couture scene. [2] (#cite_note-SMH_30081964-2) While working at Lachasse, he won both first and second prize in a design competition organised by the International Wool Secretariat (/wiki/International_Wool_Secretariat) . [1] (#cite_note-The_Guardian_Hart_Adburgham-1) [2] (#cite_note-SMH_30081964-2) After a spell working with Berketex (then a wholesale house) as an assistant within its ready-to-wear department, he showed his first collection in 1963 in a borrowed space. [1] (#cite_note-The_Guardian_Hart_Adburgham-1) [2] (#cite_note-SMH_30081964-2) Eponymous label [ edit ] By 1964, Evans was showing from his own salon just off Hanover Square (/wiki/Hanover_Square,_London) and in August of that year he was elected as a member of IncSoc – bypassing the normal requirement to show at least four collections before being considered for membership. [2] (#cite_note-SMH_30081964-2) After this small (for the time) collection of 24 pieces was shown, The Sydney Morning Herald (/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald) described him as "the man of the moment" in British fashion, also noting that, like his first mentor Michael of Carlos Place, he was tuned into the Balenciaga (/wiki/Balenciaga) style. The reviewer added: "His tailoring is superb. His line is pure and his cut intricate." [2] (#cite_note-SMH_30081964-2) The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) 's reviewers added further praise: "Clive's clothes have confident assurance...A young man must, indeed, have confident assurance and not a little courage to start a couture house these days when the whole drift of fashion is towards casual clothes and ready-to-wear." [1] (#cite_note-The_Guardian_Hart_Adburgham-1) The first full Clive collection was launched in January 1965. It was greeted warmly by the reviewer for The Times (/wiki/The_Times) , who described it as setting "a mood of high sophistication" with its tunic suits, collarless coats with kimono (/wiki/Kimono) sleeves and suits with culotte skirts (/wiki/Culottes) . Eveningwear included sarong (/wiki/Sarong) and sari (/wiki/Sari) -style dresses and an evening blouse made of chiffon and 30 yards of ribbon. The collection included shoes he'd designed and models wore straw turban hats made by Graham Smith (/wiki/Graham_Smith_(milliner)) with inbuilt slots to hold futuristic sunglasses made by Oliver Goldsmith (/wiki/Oliver_Goldsmith_(company)) . [5] (#cite_note-The_Times_230165-5) Clive clothes soon attracted high-profile clients such as Lee Radziwill (/wiki/Lee_Radziwill) and a string of actresses – notably Cyd Charisse (/wiki/Cyd_Charisse) , Diane Cilento (/wiki/Diane_Cilento) , Susannah York (/wiki/Susannah_York) and Barbara Rush (/wiki/Barbara_Rush) . [6] (#cite_note-Dispatch_Pauley-6) Ready to wear clothing [ edit ] In 1967, Clive signed an agreement with Cope Allman International to produce a ready-to-wear line, 'Clive Set', for the international market. [6] (#cite_note-Dispatch_Pauley-6) [7] (#cite_note-Observer_Aldburgham-7) The first collection was launched with transatlantic fanfare – beginning with a showing in London at 9.30 am, then a second showing on the flight to New York, before a final event on RMS (/wiki/RMS_Queen_Elizabeth) Queen Elizabeth in New York Harbour. [8] (#cite_note-Guardian_Adburgham_051067-8) Cope Allman's fashion division had decided to market Clive internationally because they saw him as representative of 'Swinging London' fashion – he was a keen supporter of the mini (/wiki/Miniskirt) and unstructured shift dress, unlike many of his IncSoc contemporaries. The collection, which included casual summer suits, dresses with topcoats and jumpsuits, some topped with Graham Smith hats, was greeted positively by The Guardian reviewer, who said it was less bold than his couture designs but comprised "quiet clothes in well-chosen materials" and concluded it was likely to be well received on both sides of the Atlantic. [8] (#cite_note-Guardian_Adburgham_051067-8) From 1968, Clive Set clothes were available in the designer's Hanover Square store, as well as in the Oxford Street (/wiki/Oxford_Street) department store Peter Robinson. [9] (#cite_note-The_Guardian_050968-9) Other commissions [ edit ] By the late 1960s, Clive had diversified into producing film costumes alongside his work for couture and ready-to-wear clients. [8] (#cite_note-Guardian_Adburgham_051067-8) Indeed, in 1966 it was reported in The Times that he had postponed his London fashion shows and was busy designing costumes for a spy film about a journalist starring Cyd Charisse (/wiki/Cyd_Charisse) and Elsa Martinelli (/wiki/Elsa_Martinelli) . [10] (#cite_note-The_Times_200766-10) In 1969, he was chosen as the designer to launch a new leather substitute Porvair, created by British company Chloride Electrical Storage Company (/wiki/Chloride_Electrical_Storage_Company) . While he was not known for his menswear designs, the dramatic garments he created led The Times journalist Antony King-Deacon to comment that he wished he would. Richard Smith of The Chelsea Cobbler (/wiki/The_Chelsea_Cobbler) and Glen Carr of Norvic created the faux leather shoes. [11] (#cite_note-The_Times_57699-11) In 1970, Clive was chosen as designer of the new BOAC (/wiki/British_Overseas_Airways_Corporation) air stewardess uniform, designing a terylene (/wiki/Terylene) and cotton mini dress in pink or turquoise colourway with streamlined space-age styling. [12] (#cite_note-BA_uniforms_image-12) He introduced trousers for the first time to the uniform, although these could not be worn in the cabin while serving passengers. [13] (#cite_note-High_Life_Walker-13) [14] (#cite_note-Business_Traveller-14) Demise of fashion label [ edit ] A year later, Clive's fashion collection was sponsored by the faux fur (/wiki/Fake_fur) manufacturer Borg and, alongside the staple shift dresses that were a signature item, contained a large number of garments demonstrating the fur's potential uses. These included an extraordinary full-length evening dress in graduated shades of terracotta faux fur. A reviewer from the Sydney Morning Herald – the newspaper which less than a decade earlier described him as the man of the moment – was unimpressed: "Clive is chic and clever, but unfortunately not original this season...With the couture scene as fraught as ever with financial problems, it's inevitable that Clive cannot be as couture as he was". [15] (#cite_note-SMH_Bell-15) The couture house of Clive closed in 1971 – the same year that Evans' first mentor Michael of Carlos Place shut his business – and Evans became a design consultant. A year later, he was working with the fashion house of Dorville and also producing clothes made of tweed (/wiki/Tweed_(cloth)) from the Isle of Bute (/wiki/Isle_of_Bute) for a mail-order catalogue. [3] (#cite_note-The_Times_Glynn_180172-3) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d Hart, John; Adburgham, Alison (23 January 1965). "The Spring Fashion Collections". The Guardian . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h from our own correspondent (30 August 1964). "Immortals" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1301&dat=19640830&id=6oRWAAAAIBAJ&sjid=w-UDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6233,10675548) . The Sydney Morning Herald . Retrieved 19 September 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b Glynn, Prudence (18 January 1972). "The life and hard times of British couture". The Times . No. 58378. p. 6. ^ Jump up to: a b staff (25 January 1965). "Collection notebook: Summing up the London Fashion Shows". The Times . No. 56228. The Times Digital Media Library. p. 15. ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_230165_5-0) "Study in dress contrasts". The Times . No. 56227. 23 January 1965. ^ Jump up to: a b Pauley, Gay (12 October 1967). "Short skirts will stay says expert" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1734&dat=19671012&id=3m4cAAAAIBAJ&sjid=QlEEAAAAIBAJ&pg=7008,3433589) . The Dispatch (Lexington) . Retrieved 19 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Observer_Aldburgham_7-0) Adburgham, Alison (29 October 1968). "The Invaders from Wales". The Observer . ^ Jump up to: a b c Adburgham, Alison (5 October 1967). "The Clive Set". The Guardian . p. 6. ^ (#cite_ref-The_Guardian_050968_9-0) "Such a bore, says Clive". The Guardian . 5 September 1968. ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_200766_10-0) "London shows: are we too understated?". The Times . No. 56688. 20 July 1966. p. 13. ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_57699_11-0) Deacon-Smith, Antony (24 October 1969). "Men's Fashion". The Times . No. 57699. p. 15. ^ (#cite_ref-BA_uniforms_image_12-0) "BOAC uniforms" (http://www.britishairways.com/travel/uniforms-boac/public/en_gb) . British Airways . Retrieved 20 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-High_Life_Walker_13-0) Walker, Harriet (April 2013). "Fashion: The chic history of British Airways' Uniforms" (http://highlife.ba.com/Shopping/Fashion-the-chic-history-of-British-Airways-uniforms.html) . High Life . Retrieved 19 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Business_Traveller_14-0) "BA presents vintage uniform catwalk show" (http://www.businesstraveller.com/news/ba-presents-vintage-uniform-catwalk-show) . Business Traveller . Retrieved 20 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-SMH_Bell_15-0) Bell, Lynne (16 July 1971). "A shifty way with autumn" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1301&dat=19710716&id=CYFWAAAAIBAJ&sjid=GOUDAAAAIBAJ&pg=2434,6049470) . The Sydney Morning Herald . Retrieved 21 September 2014 . External links [ edit ] British Pathé film of Clive fashion show (http://www.britishpathe.com/video/clive-fashion-show) Clive suit of 1965 at London College of Fashion archive (http://www.vads.ac.uk/large.php?uid=36540) Clive Set evening dress in Liberty print in VADS archive (http://www.vads.ac.uk/large.php?uid=171321&sos=0) Outfit for Dorville in VADS archive (http://www.vads.ac.uk/large.php?uid=36580&sos=1) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐8v8vn Cached time: 20240721023850 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.560 seconds Real time usage: 0.774 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2300/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 24367/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1713/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 57845/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.340/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6919714/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 672.697 1 -total 43.09% 289.857 1 Template:Reflist 35.41% 238.225 13 Template:Cite_news 27.62% 185.812 1 Template:Infobox_person 15.66% 105.375 1 Template:Short_description 8.48% 57.070 2 Template:Pagetype 7.44% 50.015 16 Template:Main_other 5.34% 35.940 19 Template:Pluralize_from_text 3.95% 26.550 1 Template:SDcat 3.58% 24.077 1 Template:Authority_control Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:43900773-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721023850 and revision id 1149604509. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clive_Evans_(fashion_designer)&oldid=1149604509 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clive_Evans_(fashion_designer)&oldid=1149604509) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1933 births (/wiki/Category:1933_births) English fashion designers (/wiki/Category:English_fashion_designers) Artists from London (/wiki/Category:Artists_from_London) 1960s fashion (/wiki/Category:1960s_fashion) 1970s fashion (/wiki/Category:1970s_fashion) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Alumni of the University for the Creative Arts (/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_the_University_for_the_Creative_Arts) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) EngvarB from November 2017 (/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_November_2017) Use dmy dates from November 2017 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_November_2017) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards)
Estonian fashion brand Heavy Eco is an Estonian (/wiki/Estonia) prison fashion label. It is best known for being the first label combining sustainable fashion (/wiki/Sustainable_fashion) and criminals in Eastern Europe (/wiki/Eastern_Europe) . [1] (#cite_note-Jul_29,_2011-1) The company was established in 2010 and is based in Tallinn (/wiki/Tallinn) , Estonia. The main idea behind it is to help rehabilitate criminals by letting them express their creativity and form strong work habits. [2] (#cite_note-Loov_Eesti-2) The inmates are paid to produce the t-shirts (which are 100% organic cotton (/wiki/Organic_cotton) ) and as a social enterprise (/wiki/Social_enterprise) 50% of the profits go toward supporting young homeless people, who are at risk of offending. [3] (#cite_note-Huff_Post_2011-3) More than 200 convicts in Estonia and Latvia (/wiki/Latvia) have joined this rehabilitation program, according to Slovakian TV (/wiki/3._Liga_(Slovakia)) . Some inmates said, in a Reuters (/wiki/Reuters) interview, that it's a way to support their families and kill time in zona . [4] (#cite_note-4) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Jul_29,_2011_1-0) "Convict-Constructed Clothing" (http://www.trendhunter.com/trends/heavy-eco-prison-fashion) . Trend Hunter. July 29, 2011 . Retrieved 24 July 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-Loov_Eesti_2-0) "Uus Eesti ökomoebränd Euroopa turul" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120330232902/http://www.looveesti.ee/uudised/looveesti/1308-uus-eesti-okomoebrand-euroopa-turul.html) . Loov Eesti. 31 August 2011. Archived from the original (http://www.looveesti.ee/uudised/looveesti/1308-uus-eesti-okomoebrand-euroopa-turul.html) on 30 March 2012 . Retrieved 24 July 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-Huff_Post_2011_3-0) de Leon, Christine (16 September 2011). "The Malcolm X T-shirt Revisited" (http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/christine-de-leon/ethical-fashion-malcom-x-t-shirt-revisited_b_960850.html) . Huffington Post . Retrieved 24 July 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Dielne - dvere k náprave (2 November 2011). "Nápaditosť vo väzení. Z trestancov sa stali šičky" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120425133204/http://udalosti.noviny.sk/zo-zahranicia/02-11-2011/napaditost-vo-vaezeni-z-trestancov-sa-stali-sicky.html) . Noviny.sk. Archived from the original (https://udalosti.noviny.sk/zo-zahranicia/02-11-2011/napaditost-vo-vaezeni-z-trestancov-sa-stali-sicky.html) on 25 April 2012 . Retrieved 24 July 2013 . External links [ edit ] heavyeco.com (http://www.heavyeco.com/) ecofashionworld.com (http://www.ecofashionworld.com/Brands-/detail/Heavy-Eco-/onecat/Resources+Brands/0.html) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201009082110/http://www.ecofashionworld.com/Brands-/detail/Heavy-Eco-/onecat/Resources+Brands/0.html) 2020-10-09 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) buzznet.com (https://web.archive.org/web/20111008021342/http://x3maay.buzznet.com/user/journal/13046211/heavy-eco-fashion-breaking-prejudice/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐7848b55db5‐lmmc6 Cached time: 20240722143927 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.154 seconds Real time usage: 0.311 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 385/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 8494/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 380/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 15837/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.098/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4088239/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 300.597 1 -total 74.04% 222.559 1 Template:Reflist 68.57% 206.116 4 Template:Cite_web 21.86% 65.708 1 Template:Short_description 13.33% 40.065 2 Template:Pagetype 4.88% 14.661 3 Template:Main_other 4.15% 12.466 1 Template:SDcat 2.98% 8.959 1 Template:Webarchive 0.69% 2.087 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:33373263-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722143927 and revision id 1236034497. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_Eco&oldid=1236034497 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heavy_Eco&oldid=1236034497) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : High fashion brands (/wiki/Category:High_fashion_brands) Estonian brands (/wiki/Category:Estonian_brands) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Webarchive template wayback links (/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links)
Andrew Weitz is an American fashion stylist. [1] (#cite_note-auto4-1) He previously worked as a talent agent at William Morris Endeavor (/wiki/William_Morris_Endeavor) . [2] (#cite_note-auto2-2) [3] (#cite_note-auto3-3) Career [ edit ] Weitz is originally from Philadelphia (/wiki/Philadelphia) , Pennsylvania. [4] (#cite_note-4) He majored in communications at George Washington University (/wiki/George_Washington_University) and then moved to Los Angeles, where his brother, Richard Weitz, was working as a talent agent at ICM (/wiki/ICM_Partners) . Weitz joined ICM and when Richard left to work at Endeavor (/wiki/Endeavor_Talent_Agency) , Weitz joined him. [2] (#cite_note-auto2-2) As an agent, Weitz represented a number of British actors and comedians, including Ricky Gervais (/wiki/Ricky_Gervais) , James Corden (/wiki/James_Corden) , Stephen Merchant (/wiki/Stephen_Merchant) , Claire Foy (/wiki/Claire_Foy) and Russell Tovey (/wiki/Russell_Tovey) . [2] (#cite_note-auto2-2) As a talent agent, he was named one of the best-dressed agents in the film business by The Hollywood Reporter [5] (#cite_note-5) and named as one of the Top 50 Best Dressed Men in the World by British GQ. [6] (#cite_note-auto-6) In 2014, Weitz left WME to work as a style consultant with high-net-worth individuals, [7] (#cite_note-Bloomberg-7) founding the company The Weitz Effect. Weitz finds that men tend to be inspired by a specific item rather than an entire look. [7] (#cite_note-Bloomberg-7) His clients, who are mostly male, include Elon Musk (/wiki/Elon_Musk) , Ari Emanuel (/wiki/Ari_Emanuel) , and Tom Brady (/wiki/Tom_Brady) . [1] (#cite_note-auto4-1) Weitz was named The Power Stylist, 2021 by The Hollywood Reporter. [8] (#cite_note-8) Weitz dressed Tom Brady in a lightweight Harrington jacket by Tom Ford for his arrival at the 2021 Super Bowl that became a best seller. [7] (#cite_note-Bloomberg-7) [9] (#cite_note-9) Weitz is a member of the British Fashion Council and the Mr Porter Style Council. [6] (#cite_note-auto-6) He is also the contributing men’s style editor for The Hollywood Reporter (/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter) . [10] (#cite_note-10) Weitz gives fashion advice on Today (/wiki/Today_(American_TV_program)) [11] (#cite_note-11) and to publications such as the Robb Report (/wiki/Robb_Report) . [12] (#cite_note-12) Personal life [ edit ] He is married to Stacy, a senior executive at Sony Pictures Television. [2] (#cite_note-auto2-2) He lives in Los Angeles with his wife and their twin sons. [2] (#cite_note-auto2-2) [13] (#cite_note-auto1-13) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "Interview with Andrew Weitz: style counsellor to the rich and famous" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/interview-with-andrew-weitz-style-counsellor-to-the-rich-and-famous-qqbx8vl79) . The Times . Retrieved 12 July 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "The Man Whos Helped Elon Musk Tom Brady And Ari Emanuel get Dressed" (https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/03/19/the-man-whos-helped-elon-musk-tom-brady-and-ari-emanuel-get-dressed) . New Yorker . Retrieved 12 July 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-auto3_3-0) "Hollywood Reporter Partners With Men's Fashion Expert Andrew Weitz for 'Hollywood Style Clinic' Video Series" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/thr-partners-fashion-expert-andrew-weitz-hollywood-style-clinic-1143242/) . Hollywood Reporter . Retrieved 12 July 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Icons of Style - Andrew Weitz" (https://www.noble.clothing/blog/2020/4/26/icons-of-style-andrew-weitz) . Noble . Retrieved 12 July 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Secrets of Hollywood's Best-Dressed Male Agents" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/secrets-hollywoods-best-dressed-male-427449/) . The Hollywood Reporter (/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter) . Retrieved 16 July 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Andrew Weitz" (https://www.londonsockcompany.com/designer/andrew-weitz/) . London Sock Company . Retrieved 12 July 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "How Pro Athletes Became the Most Valuable Players in Men's Fashion" (https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-08-25/how-pro-athletes-became-the-most-valuable-players-in-men-s-fashion#xj4y7vzkg) . Bloomberg . Retrieved 29 August 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Hollywood's Most Powerful Stylists 2021" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lifestyle/style/hollywood-most-powerful-stylists-2021-1234947488/) . Hollywood Reporter . Retrieved 12 July 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "This Jacket Was the Centerpiece of Tom Brady's Super Bowl Arrival Look" (https://www.insidehook.com/article/style/get-tom-brady-super-bowl-arrival-jacket) . Inside Hook . Retrieved 29 August 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Oscars Style: 'Judas and the Black Messiah' Screenwriters Explore "a More Creative Side" of Formal Wear" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/lifestyle/style/oscars-fashion-judas-black-messiah-writers-4169261/amp/) . Hollywood Reporter . Retrieved 12 July 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Shop these trending menswear items for a fresh spring wardrobe" (https://www.today.com/video/shop-these-trending-menswear-items-for-a-fresh-spring-wardrobe-206432837740) . Today . Retrieved 14 March 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Denim Is the Fashion World's Funnest Flex Right Now. Here's How to Wear the Latest Styles" (https://robbreport.com/style/menswear/how-to-wear-jeans-spring-1235505288/) . Robb Report . Retrieved 14 March 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-auto1_13-0) "Andrew Weitz is the Hollywood stylist you need to follow" (https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/andrew-weitz-hollywood-stylist-instagram) . GQ . Retrieved 12 July 2021 . External links [ edit ] The Weitz Effect (https://www.theweitzeffect.com/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6cf5c59cf6‐th45x Cached time: 20240702161747 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.152 seconds Real time usage: 0.175 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 570/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 19870/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 76/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 48577/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.097/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3402410/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 151.310 1 Template:Reflist 100.00% 151.310 1 -total 84.12% 127.281 13 Template:Cite_web 1.02% 1.546 1 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:68274640-0!canonical and timestamp 20240702161747 and revision id 1213682112. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrew_Weitz&oldid=1213682112 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrew_Weitz&oldid=1213682112) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Fashion stylists (/wiki/Category:Fashion_stylists) American talent agents (/wiki/Category:American_talent_agents) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Hidden category: Year of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_(living_people))
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sami clothing (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sami_clothing) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐qmkxb Cached time: 20240720173743 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.059 seconds Real time usage: 0.164 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 126/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2477/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 302/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1202/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.033/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 946203/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 153.123 1 Template:Commons_category 100.00% 153.123 1 -total 98.38% 150.640 1 Template:Sister_project 96.78% 148.186 1 Template:Side_box 3.93% 6.011 1 Template:Replace Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:40096127-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720173743 and revision id 1012035371. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Sámi clothing" The following 6 pages are in this category, out of 6 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . B Beaska (/wiki/Beaska) F Four Winds hat (/wiki/Four_Winds_hat) G Gákti (/wiki/G%C3%A1kti) L Luhkka (/wiki/Luhkka) N Nutukas (/wiki/Nutukas) S Sámi clothing (/wiki/S%C3%A1mi_clothing) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Sámi_clothing&oldid=1012035371 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Sámi_clothing&oldid=1012035371) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing by ethnicity (/wiki/Category:Clothing_by_ethnicity) Sámi culture (/wiki/Category:S%C3%A1mi_culture) Hidden category: Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata)
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2000s fashion (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:2000s_fashion) . The main article for this category (/wiki/Help:Categories) is 2000s in fashion (/wiki/2000s_in_fashion) . See also: Category:2000s clothing (/wiki/Category:2000s_clothing) 1950s (/wiki/Category:1950s_fashion) 1960s (/wiki/Category:1960s_fashion) 1970s (/wiki/Category:1970s_fashion) 1980s (/wiki/Category:1980s_fashion) 1990s (/wiki/Category:1990s_fashion) 2000s 2010s (/wiki/Category:2010s_fashion) 2020s (/wiki/Category:2020s_fashion) 2030s 2040s 2050s 16th (/wiki/Category:16th-century_fashion) 17th (/wiki/Category:17th-century_fashion) 18th (/wiki/Category:18th-century_fashion) 19th (/wiki/Category:19th-century_fashion) 20th (/wiki/Category:20th-century_fashion) 21st (/wiki/Category:21st-century_fashion) 22nd 23rd 24th 25th 26th Contents Top (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:2000s_fashion) 0–9 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=0) A (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=A) B (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=B) C (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=C) D (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=D) E (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=E) F (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=F) G (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=G) H (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=H) I (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=I) J (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=J) K (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=K) L (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=L) M (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=M) N (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=N) O (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=O) P (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=P) Q (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=Q) R (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=R) S (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=S) T (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=T) U (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=U) V (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=V) W (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=W) X (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=X) Y (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=Y) Z (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&from=Z) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐75854f7f49‐jvs86 Cached time: 20240722055526 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, no‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.155 seconds Real time usage: 0.296 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 556/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 30614/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3034/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 22/100 Expensive parser function count: 24/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 10470/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.094/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1687779/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 233.617 1 -total 43.70% 102.081 1 Template:Navseasoncats_with_centuries_below_decade 25.75% 60.154 1 Template:Commons_category 24.90% 58.167 1 Template:Sister_project 24.24% 56.626 1 Template:Side_box 14.09% 32.926 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 12.95% 30.260 2 Template:Category_other 11.63% 27.172 2 Template:If_then_show 11.22% 26.209 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 9.21% 21.508 1 Template:Cat_main Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:5494258-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722055526 and revision id 1131804514. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 22 subcategories, out of 22 total. 0–9 2000 in fashion (/wiki/Category:2000_in_fashion) ‎ (3 P) 2001 in fashion (/wiki/Category:2001_in_fashion) ‎ (5 P) 2002 in fashion (/wiki/Category:2002_in_fashion) ‎ (6 P) 2003 in fashion (/wiki/Category:2003_in_fashion) ‎ (3 P) 2004 in fashion (/wiki/Category:2004_in_fashion) ‎ (5 P) 2005 in fashion (/wiki/Category:2005_in_fashion) ‎ (8 P) 2006 in fashion (/wiki/Category:2006_in_fashion) ‎ (10 P) 2007 in fashion (/wiki/Category:2007_in_fashion) ‎ (15 P) 2008 in fashion (/wiki/Category:2008_in_fashion) ‎ (14 P) 2009 in fashion (/wiki/Category:2009_in_fashion) ‎ (14 P) A Anti-fashion (/wiki/Category:Anti-fashion) ‎ (7 P) C Clothing companies established in 2000 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_2000) ‎ (21 P) Clothing companies established in 2001 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_2001) ‎ (20 P) Clothing companies established in 2002 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_2002) ‎ (24 P) Clothing companies established in 2003 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_2003) ‎ (12 P) Clothing companies established in 2004 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_2004) ‎ (14 P) Clothing companies established in 2005 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_2005) ‎ (20 P) Clothing companies established in 2006 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_2006) ‎ (17 P) Clothing companies established in 2007 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_2007) ‎ (14 P) Clothing companies established in 2008 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_2008) ‎ (17 P) Clothing companies established in 2009 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_2009) ‎ (16 P) G Goth subculture (/wiki/Category:Goth_subculture) ‎ (11 C, 77 P) Pages in category "2000s fashion" The following 200 pages are in this category, out of approximately 378 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . (previous page) ( next page (/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&pagefrom=Leg+Warmer%0ALeg+warmer#mw-pages) ) 2000s in fashion (/wiki/2000s_in_fashion) 0–9 7 for All Mankind (/wiki/7_for_All_Mankind) 2000 in red carpet fashion (/wiki/2000_in_red_carpet_fashion) 2001 in red carpet fashion (/wiki/2001_in_red_carpet_fashion) 2002 in red carpet fashion (/wiki/2002_in_red_carpet_fashion) 2007 in red carpet fashion (/wiki/2007_in_red_carpet_fashion) 2008 in red carpet fashion (/wiki/2008_in_red_carpet_fashion) 2009 in red carpet fashion (/wiki/2009_in_red_carpet_fashion) A A-line (clothing) (/wiki/A-line_(clothing)) A-shirt (/wiki/A-shirt) A.F.C.A (clothing) (/wiki/A.F.C.A_(clothing)) Abercrombie & Fitch (/wiki/Abercrombie_%26_Fitch) Abercrombie Kids (/wiki/Abercrombie_Kids) Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) Adidas Campus (/wiki/Adidas_Campus) Adidas Forum (/wiki/Adidas_Forum) Adidas Gazelle (/wiki/Adidas_Gazelle) Adidas Handball Spezial (/wiki/Adidas_Handball_Spezial) Adidas Superstar (/wiki/Adidas_Superstar) Adidas Top Ten (/wiki/Adidas_Top_Ten) Aéropostale (company) (/wiki/A%C3%A9ropostale_(company)) Air Jordan (/wiki/Air_Jordan) Ally Capellino (/wiki/Ally_Capellino) Alternative fashion (/wiki/Alternative_fashion) American Eagle Outfitters (/wiki/American_Eagle_Outfitters) American fiber helmet (/wiki/American_fiber_helmet) Anti-fashion (/wiki/Anti-fashion) Aritzia (/wiki/Aritzia) Arm warmer (/wiki/Arm_warmer) Armani Exchange (/wiki/Armani_Exchange) Armani (/wiki/Armani) Asics Gel-Kayano 14 (/wiki/Asics_Gel-Kayano_14) Asics Gel-Lyte III (/wiki/Asics_Gel-Lyte_III) Aviator sunglasses (/wiki/Aviator_sunglasses) B Baby Phat (/wiki/Baby_Phat) Babydoll (/wiki/Babydoll) Baguette (bag) (/wiki/Baguette_(bag)) Bandage dress (/wiki/Bandage_dress) Bare legs (/wiki/Bare_legs) A Bathing Ape (/wiki/A_Bathing_Ape) Bearpaw (brand) (/wiki/Bearpaw_(brand)) Beats By Dre (/wiki/Beats_By_Dre) Bell-bottoms (/wiki/Bell-bottoms) Belt buckle (/wiki/Belt_buckle) Sara Berman (fashion designer) (/wiki/Sara_Berman_(fashion_designer)) Bermuda shorts (/wiki/Bermuda_shorts) Bikini (/wiki/Bikini) Billionaire Boys Club (clothing retailer) (/wiki/Billionaire_Boys_Club_(clothing_retailer)) Black and white Valentino dress of Julia Roberts (/wiki/Black_and_white_Valentino_dress_of_Julia_Roberts) Bling-bling (/wiki/Bling-bling) Bode (fashion brand) (/wiki/Bode_(fashion_brand)) Body piercing (/wiki/Body_piercing) Bohemian style (/wiki/Bohemian_style) Boho-chic (/wiki/Boho-chic) Bon chic bon genre (/wiki/Bon_chic_bon_genre) Boyfriend (fashion) (/wiki/Boyfriend_(fashion)) Charm bracelet (/wiki/Charm_bracelet) Brush cut (/wiki/Brush_cut) Bucket hat (/wiki/Bucket_hat) Buckle (clothing retailer) (/wiki/Buckle_(clothing_retailer)) Bum flap (/wiki/Bum_flap) Bumpits (/wiki/Bumpits) Buttock cleavage (/wiki/Buttock_cleavage) C Cagoule (/wiki/Cagoule) Camisole (/wiki/Camisole) Capri pants (/wiki/Capri_pants) Car coat (/wiki/Car_coat) Cardigan (sweater) (/wiki/Cardigan_(sweater)) Cargo pants (/wiki/Cargo_pants) Carpenter jeans (/wiki/Carpenter_jeans) Cartwheel hat (/wiki/Cartwheel_hat) Castro clone (/wiki/Castro_clone) Charles & Keith (/wiki/Charles_%26_Keith) Che Guevara in fashion (/wiki/Che_Guevara_in_fashion) The Chelsea Cobbler (/wiki/The_Chelsea_Cobbler) Cherokee Inc. (/wiki/Cherokee_Inc.) Chuck Taylor All-Stars (/wiki/Chuck_Taylor_All-Stars) Circa (company) (/wiki/Circa_(company)) Clements Ribeiro (/wiki/Clements_Ribeiro) Coach New York (/wiki/Coach_New_York) Converse (brand) (/wiki/Converse_(brand)) Cornrows (/wiki/Cornrows) Crew cut (/wiki/Crew_cut) Crimson Alberta Ferretti dress of Uma Thurman (/wiki/Crimson_Alberta_Ferretti_dress_of_Uma_Thurman) Crocs (/wiki/Crocs) Crop top (/wiki/Crop_top) Neisha Crosland (/wiki/Neisha_Crosland) Cutler and Gross (/wiki/Cutler_and_Gross) Cybergoth (/wiki/Cybergoth) D The Dance of the Twisted Bull (/wiki/The_Dance_of_the_Twisted_Bull) Dash (boutique) (/wiki/Dash_(boutique)) DC Shoes (/wiki/DC_Shoes) Denim skirt (/wiki/Denim_skirt) Dents (/wiki/Dents) Designer clothing (/wiki/Designer_clothing) Designer stubble (/wiki/Designer_stubble) Diadora (/wiki/Diadora) Dido flip (/wiki/Dido_flip) DKNY (/wiki/DKNY) DL1961 (/wiki/DL1961) Dooney & Bourke (/wiki/Dooney_%26_Bourke) Double-breasted (/wiki/Double-breasted) Dr. Martens (/wiki/Dr._Martens) Dreadlocks (/wiki/Dreadlocks) Dress of the Year (/wiki/Dress_of_the_Year) DVS Shoes (/wiki/DVS_Shoes) E Ecko Unltd. (/wiki/Ecko_Unltd.) Element Skateboards (/wiki/Element_Skateboards) Elie Saab net dress of Halle Berry (/wiki/Elie_Saab_net_dress_of_Halle_Berry) Emmett London (/wiki/Emmett_London) EMU Australia (/wiki/EMU_Australia) English Retreads (/wiki/English_Retreads) Etnies (/wiki/Etnies) Eva Danielle (/wiki/Eva_Danielle) Eye (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/Eye_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) F Fall 2008 fashion weeks (/wiki/Fall_2008_fashion_weeks) Fascinator (/wiki/Fascinator) Fedora (/wiki/Fedora) Femme for DKNY (/wiki/Femme_for_DKNY) Fila (/wiki/Fila) Flannel (/wiki/Flannel) Flattop (/wiki/Flattop) Flip-flops (/wiki/Flip-flops) Flipsters (/wiki/Flipsters) Fluffy (footwear) (/wiki/Fluffy_(footwear)) Forever 21 (/wiki/Forever_21) Fred Perry (clothing label) (/wiki/Fred_Perry_(clothing_label)) Friendship bracelet (/wiki/Friendship_bracelet) Frosted tips (/wiki/Frosted_tips) FUBU (/wiki/FUBU) G G-Unit Clothing Company (/wiki/G-Unit_Clothing_Company) Gap Inc. (/wiki/Gap_Inc.) Gattinoni (/wiki/Gattinoni) Geek (/wiki/Geek) General Eyewear (/wiki/General_Eyewear) Frida Giannini (/wiki/Frida_Giannini) Gilly Hicks (/wiki/Gilly_Hicks) The Girl Who Lived in the Tree (/wiki/The_Girl_Who_Lived_in_the_Tree) Go-go boot (/wiki/Go-go_boot) Goggle jacket (/wiki/Goggle_jacket) Goth subculture (/wiki/Goth_subculture) Gothic fashion (/wiki/Gothic_fashion) Gothic Western (/wiki/Gothic_Western) Green Versace dress of Jennifer Lopez (/wiki/Green_Versace_dress_of_Jennifer_Lopez) Grunge fashion (/wiki/Grunge_fashion) Gucci (/wiki/Gucci) Guess (company) (/wiki/Guess_(company)) H H&M (/wiki/H%26M) Halterneck (/wiki/Halterneck) Headband (/wiki/Headband) Heavy metal fashion (/wiki/Heavy_metal_fashion) Heelys (/wiki/Heelys) Heelys, Inc. (/wiki/Heelys,_Inc.) Heidi.com (/wiki/Heidi.com) Heroin chic (/wiki/Heroin_chic) Hervé Chapelier (/wiki/Herv%C3%A9_Chapelier) High and tight (/wiki/High_and_tight) Hip hop fashion (/wiki/Hip_hop_fashion) Hip-huggers (/wiki/Hip-huggers) Hollister Co. (/wiki/Hollister_Co.) Horn-rimmed glasses (/wiki/Horn-rimmed_glasses) Hot Topic (/wiki/Hot_Topic) Hotpants (/wiki/Hotpants) Hurley International (/wiki/Hurley_International) I Illusion of Kate Moss (/wiki/Illusion_of_Kate_Moss) Indie sleaze (/wiki/Indie_sleaze) IPath Footwear (/wiki/IPath_Footwear) Irere (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/Irere_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) ISKO (clothing company) (/wiki/ISKO_(clothing_company)) Island Company (/wiki/Island_Company) It bag (/wiki/It_bag) Nomination bracelet (/wiki/Nomination_bracelet) Ivory Jean Paul Gaultier dress of Marion Cotillard (/wiki/Ivory_Jean_Paul_Gaultier_dress_of_Marion_Cotillard) Ivy League (clothes) (/wiki/Ivy_League_(clothes)) Ivy League (haircut) (/wiki/Ivy_League_(haircut)) Izod (/wiki/Izod) J JanSport (/wiki/JanSport) Jelly shoes (/wiki/Jelly_shoes) The Jessica Simpson Collection (/wiki/The_Jessica_Simpson_Collection) J.Lo by Jennifer Lopez (/wiki/J.Lo_by_Jennifer_Lopez) Joe Fresh (/wiki/Joe_Fresh) John Varvatos (company) (/wiki/John_Varvatos_(company)) Johnny Cupcakes (/wiki/Johnny_Cupcakes) Betsey Johnson (/wiki/Betsey_Johnson) Juicy Couture (/wiki/Juicy_Couture) K KangaRoos (/wiki/KangaRoos) Kapital (fashion brand) (/wiki/Kapital_(fashion_brand)) Kappa (brand) (/wiki/Kappa_(brand)) Kate Spade New York (/wiki/Kate_Spade_New_York) Keds (/wiki/Keds) Kering (/wiki/Kering) Kiks Tyo (/wiki/Kiks_Tyo) Kooba (/wiki/Kooba) L L.A.M.B. (/wiki/L.A.M.B.) L.E.I. (/wiki/L.E.I.) Lachasse (/wiki/Lachasse) Lampshade hat (/wiki/Lampshade_hat) Le Tigre (clothing brand) (/wiki/Le_Tigre_(clothing_brand)) Leather skirt (/wiki/Leather_skirt) Lee (brand) (/wiki/Lee_(brand)) (previous page) ( next page (/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&pagefrom=Leg+Warmer%0ALeg+warmer#mw-pages) ) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&oldid=1131804514 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2000s_fashion&oldid=1131804514) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 21st-century fashion (/wiki/Category:21st-century_fashion) 2000s in the arts (/wiki/Category:2000s_in_the_arts) 2000s fads and trends (/wiki/Category:2000s_fads_and_trends) Fashion by decade (/wiki/Category:Fashion_by_decade) Hidden categories: Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata) Category series navigation decade and century (/wiki/Category:Category_series_navigation_decade_and_century) Template Category TOC via Automatic category TOC on category with 301–600 pages (/wiki/Category:Template_Category_TOC_via_Automatic_category_TOC_on_category_with_301%E2%80%93600_pages) Automatic category TOC generates standard Category TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_standard_Category_TOC)
Ukrainian fashion model (born 1988) Viktoriya Sasonkina Sasonkina on the runway at Anna Sui (/wiki/Anna_Sui) FW 2010. Born July 7, 1988 ( 1988-07-07 ) (age 36) Odesa (/wiki/Odesa) , Ukraine Nationality Ukrainian Occupation Model Modeling information Height 5 ft 9.5 in / 176.5 cm [1] (#cite_note-FMD-1) Hair color Blonde [1] (#cite_note-FMD-1) Eye color Blue [1] (#cite_note-FMD-1) Agency Women Management (/wiki/Women_Management) (New York, Milan) Premium Models (Paris) Storm Model Management (/wiki/Storm_Model_Management) (London) View Management (Barcelona) Scoop Models (Copenhagen) Modelwerk (Hamburg) MP Stockholm (Stockholm) METRO Models (Zurich) [2] (#cite_note-2) Viktoriya Sasonkina ( Ukrainian (/wiki/Ukrainian_language) : Вікторія Сасонкіна ; born July 7, 1988) is a Ukrainian (/wiki/Ukraine) fashion model. Early life [ edit ] Sasonkina was born in Odesa (/wiki/Odesa) , Ukraine (/wiki/Ukraine) . As a child, she was interested in graphics and drawing, and took art lessons for seven years. She never considered modelling as a career. After finishing high school, she went to a model casting to support a friend, but was instead scouted herself by Stas Yankelevskiy, director of the international division of L-Models agency, who then invited her to Kyiv (/wiki/Kyiv) . [3] (#cite_note-3) Career [ edit ] Aged 17, Sasonkina signed a contract with major modelling agency Premium Models in Paris, and made her catwalk debut at Issey Miyake (/wiki/Issey_Miyake) 's Spring 2007 show. After, she moved to London for work commitments. In February 2007, Sasonkina shot her first major magazine editorial for Italian Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) . In 2008, she signed a contract with leading modeling agency Women Management (/wiki/Women_Management) in both New York and Milan, and worked with legendary photographer Steven Meisel (/wiki/Steven_Meisel) . Sasonkina has referred to Meisel as "the godfather for [ her ] modelling career." She eventually became one of Meisel's favourite models, with him shooting her for a Calvin Klein (/wiki/Calvin_Klein) Jeans campaign and two Vogue Italia (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) covers (September 2008 and January 2009) amongst others. [4] (#cite_note-4) Sasonkina has appeared the cover of numerous international magazines, including Marie Claire (/wiki/Marie_Claire) , Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) , L'Officiel (/wiki/L%27Officiel) and twice on Vogue Italia (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) . She has walked for Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) , Vivienne Westwood (/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood) , Bottega Veneta (/wiki/Bottega_Veneta) , Missoni (/wiki/Missoni) , Versace (/wiki/Versace) , Phillip Lim (/wiki/Phillip_Lim) , Oscar de la Renta (/wiki/Oscar_de_la_Renta) , DKNY (/wiki/DKNY) , Jason Wu (/wiki/Jason_Wu) , Prada (/wiki/Prada) , Issey Miyake (/wiki/Issey_Miyake) , John Galliano (/wiki/John_Galliano) , La Perla (/wiki/La_Perla_(lingerie_brand)) , Gianfranco Ferré (/wiki/Gianfranco_Ferr%C3%A9) , Jean Paul Gaultier (/wiki/Jean_Paul_Gaultier) , Laura Biagiotti (/wiki/Laura_Biagiotti) , Rodarte (/wiki/Rodarte) , Dior (/wiki/Dior) , Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors) , Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) , Roberto Cavalli (/wiki/Roberto_Cavalli) , Blumarine (/wiki/Blumarine) , Nina Ricci (/wiki/Nina_Ricci_(brand)) , Anna Sui (/wiki/Anna_Sui) , Sportmax (/wiki/Sportmax) , Diesel (/wiki/Diesel_(brand)) , and Topshop (/wiki/Topshop) , and appeared in advertising campaigns for Prada (/wiki/Prada) , Calvin Klein (/wiki/Calvin_Klein) , Yves Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(brand)) , Alberta Ferretti (/wiki/Alberta_Ferretti) , Gianfranco Ferré (/wiki/Gianfranco_Ferr%C3%A9) , John Galliano (/wiki/John_Galliano) , Liu Jo (/wiki/Liu_Jo) , Vince Camuto (/wiki/Vince_Camuto) , Mulberry (/wiki/Mulberry) , Sonia Rykiel (/wiki/Sonia_Rykiel) , Barneys New York (/wiki/Barneys_New_York) , Nordstrom (/wiki/Nordstrom) , Juicy Couture (/wiki/Juicy_Couture) , MAC (/wiki/MAC_Cosmetics) , and Urban Decay (/wiki/Urban_Decay) . Sasonkina currently lives and works in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c "Viktoriya Sasonkina" (http://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/viktoriya_sasonkina/) . Fashion Model Directory (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) . Retrieved 2014-12-17 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Viktoriya Sasonkina - Model" (https://models.com/models/viktoriya-sasonkina) . MODELS.com . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "OFC Виктория Сасонкина" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170421122458/http://ofchannel.tv/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0/) . 2017-04-21. Archived from the original (http://ofchannel.tv/%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0/) on 2017-04-21 . Retrieved 2019-09-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Viktoriya Sasonkina" (https://www.vogue.it/en/fashion/models/2012/03/21/viktoriya-sasonkina/) . Vogue.it . March 21, 2012. External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Viktoriya Sasonkina (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Viktoriya_Sasonkina) . Instagram @viktoriyasasonkina Viktoriya Sasonkina (https://web.archive.org/web/20150511124519/http://metromodels.com/viktoria-sasonkina) at Metromodels Viktoriya Sasonkina (https://models.com/models/viktoriya-sasonkina) on Models.com Viktoriya Sasonkina (http://nymag.com/fashion/models/vsasonkina/viktoriyasasonkina/) at NYmag.com (/wiki/New_York_(magazine)) Viktoriya Sasonkina (https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/viktoriya_sasonkina/) at Fashion Model Directory (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) Viktoriya Sasonkina (https://web.archive.org/web/20140704042024/http://www.style.com/peopleparties/modelsearch/person5002) photos at Style.com (/wiki/Style.com) (archived) Viktoriya Sasonkina (http://www.theplace.ru/photos/Victoriya_Sasonkina-mid2514.html) HQ photogallery at Place.ru NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐tslq2 Cached time: 20240720181216 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.424 seconds Real time usage: 0.579 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2542/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 24880/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4345/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 19/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 19692/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.309/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 19259074/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 542.181 1 -total 34.25% 185.697 1 Template:Infobox_model 19.34% 104.879 1 Template:Reflist 18.01% 97.647 1 Template:Lang-uk 16.63% 90.158 4 Template:Cite_web 13.03% 70.629 1 Template:Short_description 8.99% 48.746 1 Template:Birth-date_and_age 8.94% 48.487 1 Template:Commons_category 8.57% 46.464 1 Template:Sister_project 8.25% 44.729 1 Template:Side_box Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:44238222-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720181216 and revision id 1155470392. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Viktoriya_Sasonkina&oldid=1155470392 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Viktoriya_Sasonkina&oldid=1155470392) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1988 births (/wiki/Category:1988_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Ukrainian female models (/wiki/Category:Ukrainian_female_models) Models from Odesa (/wiki/Category:Models_from_Odesa) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles containing Ukrainian-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Ukrainian-language_text) Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata)
This file does not require a rating on Wikipedia's content assessment (/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_assessment) scale. It is of interest to the following WikiProjects (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject) : France (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_France) France portal (/wiki/Portal:France) This file is within the scope of WikiProject France (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_France) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of France (/wiki/France) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_France) and see a list of open tasks. France Wikipedia:WikiProject France Template:WikiProject France France articles Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) This file is within the scope of WikiProject Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Fashion) and see a list of open tasks. Fashion Wikipedia:WikiProject Fashion Template:WikiProject Fashion fashion articles Television (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Television) Television portal (/wiki/Portal:Television) This file is within the scope of WikiProject Television (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Television) , a collaborative effort to develop and improve Wikipedia articles about television programs (/wiki/Television_show) . If you would like to participate, please visit the project page where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Television) . Television Wikipedia:WikiProject Television Template:WikiProject Television television articles NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐69f74dcdf6‐46dhw Cached time: 20240721225204 Cache expiry: 864000 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] DiscussionTools time usage: 0.006 seconds CPU time usage: 0.146 seconds Real time usage: 0.223 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1755/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 23530/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 56/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 17/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 17164/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.102/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2509954/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 197.848 1 -total 100.00% 197.848 1 Template:WikiProject_banner_shell 34.51% 68.269 1 Template:WikiProject_France 17.68% 34.983 1 Template:WikiProject_Fashion 15.92% 31.496 1 Template:WikiProject_Television 2.03% 4.022 4 Template:Pagetype 1.65% 3.258 1 Template:Tl 0.83% 1.643 1 Template:Var 0.49% 0.973 2 Template:Nowrap Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:39124719-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721225204 and revision id 1233521214. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File_talk:FNTM1.png&oldid=1233521214 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File_talk:FNTM1.png&oldid=1233521214) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : File-Class France articles (/wiki/Category:File-Class_France_articles) NA-importance France articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_France_articles) All WikiProject France pages (/wiki/Category:All_WikiProject_France_pages) File-Class fashion articles (/wiki/Category:File-Class_fashion_articles) NA-importance fashion articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_fashion_articles) File-Class television articles (/wiki/Category:File-Class_television_articles) NA-importance television articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_television_articles) WikiProject Television articles (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_Television_articles)
Italian fashion designer and businessperson (1926-1992) Giuliano Ravizza Born 8 May 1926 ( 1926-05-08 ) Pavia (/wiki/Pavia) , Kingdom of Italy (/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy) Died 9 October 1992 ( 1992-10-10 ) (aged 66) Pavia, Italy Occupation(s) Fashion designer and retailer Giuliano Ravizza (8 May 1926 – 9 October 1992) was an Italian fashion designer and the founder of the Annabella (aka Pelliccerie Annabella , "Annabella Furs") fashion label. Life and career [ edit ] Born in Pavia (/wiki/Pavia) , Ravizza studied at the liceo scientifico (/wiki/Liceo_scientifico) , and in 1950 he graduated in medicine at the Pavia University (/wiki/Pavia_University) . [1] (#cite_note-bio-1) A multi-instrumentist, he founded the group Quintetto goliardico and was part of the Gorni Kramer (/wiki/Gorni_Kramer) orchestra. [1] (#cite_note-bio-1) In 1955, Ravizza left his daily job as a doctor to follow the business of his father, who had founded a local fashion boutique and had recently fallen ill. [1] (#cite_note-bio-1) Following a trip in New York, in 1960 he opened Le Tex, a department store focused on ready-to-wear for men, women and children, which later he sold to Standa (/wiki/Standa) . [1] (#cite_note-bio-1) In 1963, he started the Annabella atelier, which had its only boutique in Piazza della Vittoria in his hometown. [1] (#cite_note-bio-1) With Annabella, Ravizza pursued the concept of "accessible luxury", and successfully launched his line of ready-to-wear furs. [1] (#cite_note-bio-1) Among the spokespeople who during the years took part to Annabella's advertising campaigns were Alain Delon (/wiki/Alain_Delon) , Gina Lollobrigida (/wiki/Gina_Lollobrigida) , Virna Lisi (/wiki/Virna_Lisi) , Milva (/wiki/Milva) , Domenico Modugno (/wiki/Domenico_Modugno) , Lea Massari (/wiki/Lea_Massari) , Sylva Koscina (/wiki/Sylva_Koscina) , Florinda Bolkan (/wiki/Florinda_Bolkan) , Verushka (/wiki/Verushka) , Al Bano & Romina Power (/wiki/Al_Bano_%26_Romina_Power) , Jerry Hall (/wiki/Jerry_Hall) , Brigitte Nielsen (/wiki/Brigitte_Nielsen) , Monica Bellucci (/wiki/Monica_Bellucci) . [1] (#cite_note-bio-1) At the peak of his success, in September 1981, Ravizza was kidnapped by Anonima sarda (/wiki/Anonima_sarda) , held captive in Aspromonte (/wiki/Aspromonte) , and freed after over three months of captivity, following a 4.1 billion lire (/wiki/Italian_lira) ransom payment. [1] (#cite_note-bio-1) [2] (#cite_note-rep-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) In the 1980s Annabella expanded its product lines, producing, among other things, perfumes, eyewear and gadgets. [1] (#cite_note-bio-1) In 1990, Ravizza published an autobiography, Dentro una vita ('Inside a life'). [1] (#cite_note-bio-1) He died of lung cancer (/wiki/Lung_cancer) on 9 October 1992, at the age of 66. [1] (#cite_note-bio-1) [2] (#cite_note-rep-2) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k Moroni, Gabriele (2019). " Ravizza, Giuliano (https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/giuliano-ravizza_%28Dizionario-Biografico%29/) ". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (/wiki/Dizionario_Biografico_degli_Italiani) . Treccani (/wiki/Treccani) . ^ Jump up to: a b "Morto Giuliano Ravizza re delle pellicce Annabella" (https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/1992/10/10/morto-giuliano-ravizza-re-delle-pellicce-annabella.html) . La Repubblica (/wiki/La_Repubblica) (in Italian). 10 October 1992 . Retrieved 8 June 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Micheletti, Giorgio (29 October 1983). "Il «re delle pellicce» racconta in aula il lungo viaggio nelle mani dei rapitori". Corriere della Sera (/wiki/Corriere_della_Sera) . p. 25. External links [ edit ] Annabella official website (https://www.annabella.it/) Giuliano Ravizza (https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/giuliano-ravizza/) at Enciclopedia on line Treccani (/wiki/Treccani) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International FAST (http://id.worldcat.org/fast/414390/) ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000037865105) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/26374948) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJycJHHrPB9pfM4kdGVV4q) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n98024080) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐895c6fc7‐k2bbd Cached time: 20240627170511 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.318 seconds Real time usage: 0.561 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2159/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 15420/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2185/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 23/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 16392/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.209/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5310205/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 387.892 1 -total 38.06% 147.647 1 Template:Infobox_person 23.62% 91.615 1 Template:Reflist 21.28% 82.558 1 Template:Authority_control 20.23% 78.468 2 Template:Cite_news 15.68% 60.813 1 Template:Short_description 14.66% 56.849 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 8.69% 33.691 2 Template:Pagetype 7.58% 29.410 16 Template:Main_other 6.91% 26.821 1 Template:Birth-date Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:73985160-0!canonical and timestamp 20240627170511 and revision id 1177150777. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Giuliano_Ravizza&oldid=1177150777 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Giuliano_Ravizza&oldid=1177150777) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1926 births (/wiki/Category:1926_births) 1992 deaths (/wiki/Category:1992_deaths) People from Pavia (/wiki/Category:People_from_Pavia) Italian fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Italian_fashion_designers) Kidnapped Italian people (/wiki/Category:Kidnapped_Italian_people) Deaths from lung cancer in Lombardy (/wiki/Category:Deaths_from_lung_cancer_in_Lombardy) Hidden categories: CS1 Italian-language sources (it) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Italian-language_sources_(it)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles with FAST identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_FAST_identifiers) Articles with ISNI identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_ISNI_identifiers) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_WorldCat_Entities_identifiers) Articles with LCCN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers)
Clothing portal (/wiki/Portal:Clothing) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) The main article for this category (/wiki/Help:Categories) is Outerwear (/wiki/Outerwear) . Wikimedia Commons has media related to Outerwear (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Outerwear) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐8fxfk Cached time: 20240721024303 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.094 seconds Real time usage: 0.324 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 166/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3955/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 250/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 2569/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.057/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1511786/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 239.671 1 -total 64.81% 155.336 1 Template:Portal 26.92% 64.516 1 Template:Commons_category 25.75% 61.713 1 Template:Sister_project 24.78% 59.386 1 Template:Side_box 15.57% 37.325 2 Template:If_then_show 8.13% 19.488 1 Template:Cat_main Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:43462107-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721024303 and revision id 1127511865. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 4 subcategories, out of 4 total. B Outdoor clothing brands (/wiki/Category:Outdoor_clothing_brands) ‎ (1 C, 106 P) C Coats (clothing) (/wiki/Category:Coats_(clothing)) ‎ (3 C, 80 P) J Jackets (/wiki/Category:Jackets) ‎ (2 C, 91 P) R Robes and cloaks (/wiki/Category:Robes_and_cloaks) ‎ (2 C, 89 P) Pages in category "Outerwear" The following 7 pages are in this category, out of 7 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . List of outerwear (/wiki/List_of_outerwear) Matchcoat (/wiki/Matchcoat) A Abaya (/wiki/Abaya) C Chepken (/wiki/Chepken) G Gorpcore (/wiki/Gorpcore) M Melanzana (clothing brand) (/wiki/Melanzana_(clothing_brand)) Mino (straw cape) (/wiki/Mino_(straw_cape)) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Outerwear&oldid=1127511865 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Outerwear&oldid=1127511865) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing by type (/wiki/Category:Clothing_by_type) Clothing by function (/wiki/Category:Clothing_by_function) Hidden category: Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata)
Japanese costume designer (born 1988) The native form of this personal name (/wiki/Personal_name) is Itō Satomi . This article uses Western name order (/wiki/Personal_name#Western_name_order) when mentioning individuals. Satomi Ito 伊藤聡美 Born ( 1988-05-31 ) May 31, 1988 (age 36) Chiba City (/wiki/Chiba_(city)) , Chiba (/wiki/Chiba_prefecture) , Japan Alma mater Esmod Japon (/wiki/ESMOD) Nottingham Trent University (/wiki/Nottingham_Trent_University) Occupation(s) Fashion and costume designer (/wiki/Costume_design) Years active 2013–present Website satomi-ito.com (https://www.satomi-ito.com) Satomi Ito ( 伊藤聡美 , Itō Satomi , born May 31, 1988) is a Japanese fashion (/wiki/Fashion_design) and costume designer (/wiki/Costume_design) known for her works in the sports of figure skating (/wiki/Figure_skating) as well as artistic (/wiki/Artistic_gymnastics) and rhythmic gymnastics (/wiki/Rhythmic_gymnastics) , equestrian vaulting (/wiki/Equestrian_vaulting) , ballet (/wiki/Ballet) , and ballroom dance (/wiki/Ballroom_dance) . Inspired by the dresses and skating performances of three-time World (/wiki/World_Figure_Skating_Championships) champion Mao Asada (/wiki/Mao_Asada) , Ito has designed costumes for multiple renowned figure skaters from Japan and overseas, including a series of more than 30 costumes for two-time Olympic (/wiki/Yuzuru_Hanyu_Olympic_seasons) champion Yuzuru Hanyu (/wiki/Yuzuru_Hanyu) , which has been featured in multiple exhibitions and publications in Japan. Two of her works for Hanyu were nominated at the 2020 and 2023 ISU Skating Awards (/wiki/International_Skating_Union) in the category Best Costume , respectively. Early life and education [ edit ] Satomi Ito was born on May 31, 1988, in Chiba City (/wiki/Chiba_(city)) east of Tokyo to a Japanese father and a Thai mother. [1] (#cite_note-KTV190108-1) In her childhood, she aimed to become a comic artist, author or screenwriter. [2] (#cite_note-JF220820-2) Influenced by her mother who was working as a tailor, Ito found a new interest in fashion design and attended a high school with a clothing department. [1] (#cite_note-KTV190108-1) In 2007, she entered the Faculty for Fashion and Creativity at Esmod Japon (/wiki/ESMOD) in Tokyo. At that time, she was following figure skating (/wiki/Figure_skating) events as a hobby, but her focus was on fashion design, naming Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) and John Galliano (/wiki/John_Galliano) as her role models. In 2008, Ito won her first major prize at the Kobe Fashion Contest. [3] (#cite_note-WWD220208-3) After graduating from Esmod, she moved to England to study at Nottingham Trent University (/wiki/Nottingham_Trent_University) School of Art and Design. While in Japan the focus was more on the technical aspects of design, in England she learned the "importance of concept-making and presentation skills", with more emphasis on the creation process. These experiences have shaped Ito's approach towards fashion and costume design. [2] (#cite_note-JF220820-2) Designer career [ edit ] Beginnings and success at the 2018 Winter Olympics [ edit ] Mao Asada (/wiki/Mao_Asada) in her free skate program The Bell at the 2010 World Championships (/wiki/2010_World_Figure_Skating_Championships) After her graduation from Nottingham Trent University, Ito aimed for an internship in England or Paris. However, due to visa issues (/wiki/Travel_visa) , she was forced to return to Japan. It was then that a figure skating video of three-time World (/wiki/World_Figure_Skating_Championships) champion Mao Asada (/wiki/Mao_Asada) encouraged Ito to pursue a career in costume design. [4] (#cite_note-JBP201013-4) It was Asada's red dress for her free skate program The Bell at the 2010 Winter Olympics (/wiki/Figure_skating_at_the_2010_Winter_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Ladies%27_singles) in Vancouver (/wiki/Vancouver) that impressed and inspired Ito as a designer. [5] (#cite_note-TVA200714-5) However, skating costumes were a very specific sector with few experienced designers and rather little revenue, which made it difficult for Ito to focus solely on figure skating. [4] (#cite_note-JBP201013-4) She joined the Japanese manufacturer company Chacott (/w/index.php?title=Chacott&action=edit&redlink=1) [ ja (https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%82%B3%E3%83%83%E3%83%88) ] in Tokyo with a specialization in costume design for ballet (/wiki/Ballet) and other performing arts. [3] (#cite_note-WWD220208-3) [6] (#cite_note-WFS230410-6) In 2013, Ito got her first request in figure skating from Japanese single skater Haruka Imai (/wiki/Haruka_Imai) . The costumes were well received by the skating community and led to more collaborations, including her first client from overseas, Russian single skater Elena Radionova (/wiki/Elena_Radionova) . [4] (#cite_note-JBP201013-4) [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIce_Jewels202081–84-7) In 2015, Ito became independent and has since designed a variety of costumes for figure skating, artistic (/wiki/Artistic_gymnastics) and rhythmic gymnastics (/wiki/Rhythmic_gymnastics) , [2] (#cite_note-JF220820-2) [8] (#cite_note-NB220808-8) : 2 equestrian vaulting (/wiki/Equestrian_vaulting) , ballet, and ballroom dance (/wiki/Ballroom_dance) . [9] (#cite_note-WFS230411-9) : 2 [10] (#cite_note-FTN220928-10) The same year, she received her first request from Japanese skater and two-time Olympic champion Yuzuru Hanyu (/wiki/Yuzuru_Hanyu) . [2] (#cite_note-JF220820-2) It was the longest collaboration of Ito's career in the following decade, [11] (#cite_note-FS230623-11) [12] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIto2021ch._2-12) creating more than 30 different costumes for him by August 2023. [13] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIto2023a-13) In an interview with figure skating journalist Jack Gallagher in 2022, she explained how her skills have notably "improved through the experience of working with Hanyu." [2] (#cite_note-JF220820-2) The culmination of her career followed at the 2018 Winter Olympics (/wiki/Figure_skating_at_the_2018_Winter_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_singles) in Pyeongchang (/wiki/Pyeongchang) , with Hanyu winning the gold and fellow Japanese skater Shoma Uno (/wiki/Shoma_Uno) the silver medal in the men's singles discipline. Both skaters performed in costumes created by Ito, which proved very gratifying to her: "When I was watching the live performance, I wasn’t able to stay calm and relaxed because I was worried about the costumes. The only thing running through my head was, 'Congratulations and thank you for wearing my costumes.' " [2] (#cite_note-JF220820-2) Exhibitions and award nominations after 2018 [ edit ] Yuzuru Hanyu (/wiki/Yuzuru_Hanyu) in his free skate program Origin at the 2019–20 Grand Prix Final (/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_Grand_Prix_of_Figure_Skating_Final) Over the following years, the number of requests steadily increased to 40–50 orders per season, [3] (#cite_note-WWD220208-3) [14] (#cite_note-NHK201116-14) making Ito one of the most sought-after costume designers in figure skating. [4] (#cite_note-JBP201013-4) Among her clients were two-time world champion Evgenia Medvedeva (/wiki/Evgenia_Medvedeva) , Four Continents (/wiki/Four_Continents_Figure_Skating_Championships) champions Jin Boyang (/wiki/Jin_Boyang) , Satoko Miyahara (/wiki/Satoko_Miyahara) , Mai Mihara (/wiki/Mai_Mihara) , and Rika Kihira (/wiki/Rika_Kihira) as well as World Junior (/wiki/World_Junior_Figure_Skating_Championships) champions Marin Honda (/wiki/Marin_Honda) , Vincent Zhou (/wiki/Vincent_Zhou) , and Tomoki Hiwatashi (/wiki/Tomoki_Hiwatashi) . [15] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIto20202–3-15) [16] (#cite_note-JT191203-16) However, the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) negatively impacted Ito's career in 2020, as she did not receive any requests from March to May as usual. [17] (#cite_note-JBP201020-17) In March 2020, the first compilation book of Ito's works, titled Figure Skating Art Costumes , was published by the Japanese company Kadokawa (/wiki/Kadokawa_Future_Publishing) . [2] (#cite_note-JF220820-2) [18] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIto2020-18) At the 2020 ISU Skating Awards (/wiki/International_Skating_Union) , her costume for Hanyu's free skate (/wiki/Free_skating) program Origin from the 2019–20 season (/wiki/2019%E2%80%9320_figure_skating_season) was nominated in the category Best Costume . It was the second version of the costume, with a change in design and color scheme of the top from black to purple. [19] (#cite_note-ISU2020-19) The same year, Ito created multiple costumes for athletes who participated in the 2020 Summer Olympics (/wiki/2020_Summer_Olympics) in Tokyo, including artistic gymnast Aiko Sugihara (/wiki/Aiko_Sugihara) and rhythmic gymnast Sumire Kita (/wiki/Sumire_Kita) from Japan. [5] (#cite_note-TVA200714-5) [8] (#cite_note-NB220808-8) : 2 For the 2021–22 season (/wiki/2021%E2%80%9322_figure_skating_season) , the number of costume requests reached a new peak with 60–70 orders from Japan and overseas, including the Olympic costumes for Yuma Kagiyama (/wiki/Yuma_Kagiyama) , Wakaba Higuchi (/wiki/Wakaba_Higuchi) , and ice dance (/wiki/Ice_dance) team Kana Muramoto (/wiki/Kana_Muramoto) and Daisuke Takahashi (/wiki/Daisuke_Takahashi) . [3] (#cite_note-WWD220208-3) Ito's costume for Hanyu's Olympic short program (/wiki/Introduction_and_Rondo_Capriccioso_(Yuzuru_Hanyu_program)) Introduction and Rondo Capriccioso was nominated for Best Costume at the 2023 ISU Skating Awards. [20] (#cite_note-ISU2023-20) On July 15, 2022, as the result of a fan vote, a replica of Hanyu's purple Origin costume was put on display on his wax figure at the Madame Tussauds (/wiki/Madame_Tussauds) museum in Tokyo. [21] (#cite_note-TS220712-21) The same year, Ito eventually got the opportunity for a collaboration with Mao Asada and created four costumes for her touring ice show (/wiki/Ice_show) Beyond . [9] (#cite_note-WFS230411-9) [22] (#cite_note-SI2023-22) For Hanyu, who turned professional (/wiki/Professional_figure_skating) in July 2022, Ito contributed five new costumes to his solo shows Prologue (/wiki/Prologue_(ice_show)) and Gift (/wiki/Gift_(ice_show)) with the latter featuring 11 of Ito's works in total, [9] (#cite_note-WFS230411-9) [22] (#cite_note-SI2023-22) presented in front of a record audience of 35,000 spectators at Tokyo Dome (/wiki/Tokyo_Dome) . [23] (#cite_note-NB230228-23) [24] (#cite_note-IOC230904-24) On the 10th anniversary of Ito's designer career in 2023, a figure skating costume exhibition was held in Tokyo from July 24 to August 6 and in Kyoto (/wiki/Kyoto) from August 11 to 27, with a special postcard book of Hanyu's costumes being sold in advance at the Tokyo venue. [11] (#cite_note-FS230623-11) [25] (#cite_note-Reu211222-25) List of collaborations [ edit ] Figure skating [ edit ] Selection of figure skating costumes designed by Ito Yuzuru Hanyu (/wiki/Yuzuru_Hanyu) ( 2017–18 free skate program (/wiki/Seimei_(figure_skating_program)) ) Wakaba Higuchi (/wiki/Wakaba_Higuchi) (2017–18 free skate program) Marin Honda (/wiki/Marin_Honda) (2018–19 free skate program) Jin Boyang (/wiki/Jin_Boyang) (2019–20 free skate program) Rika Kihira (/wiki/Rika_Kihira) (2019–20 free skate program) Evgenia Medvedeva (/wiki/Evgenia_Medvedeva) (2019–20 free skate program) Elena Radionova (/wiki/Elena_Radionova) (2014–15 free skate program) Shoma Uno (/wiki/Shoma_Uno) (2016–17 free skate program) Male skaters Yuzuru Hanyu (/wiki/Yuzuru_Hanyu) [26] (#cite_note-NS171101-26) Tomoki Hiwatashi (/wiki/Tomoki_Hiwatashi) [16] (#cite_note-JT191203-16) Jin Boyang (/wiki/Jin_Boyang) [4] (#cite_note-JBP201013-4) Yuma Kagiyama (/wiki/Yuma_Kagiyama) [3] (#cite_note-WWD220208-3) Tim Koleto (/wiki/Tim_Koleto) [3] (#cite_note-WWD220208-3) Ilia Malinin (/wiki/Ilia_Malinin) [27] (#cite_note-IG-SI-27) Daichi Miyata (/wiki/Daichi_Miyata) [15] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIto20202–3-15) Shun Sato (/wiki/Shun_Sato_(figure_skater)) [11] (#cite_note-FS230623-11) Daisuke Takahashi (/wiki/Daisuke_Takahashi) [28] (#cite_note-JBP201015-28) Shoma Uno (/wiki/Shoma_Uno) [4] (#cite_note-JBP201013-4) Ean Weiler (/wiki/Ean_Weiler) [29] (#cite_note-EW2023-29) Vincent Zhou (/wiki/Vincent_Zhou) [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIce_Jewels202081–84-7) Female skaters Mao Asada (/wiki/Mao_Asada) [6] (#cite_note-WFS230410-6) Shae-Lynn Bourne (/wiki/Shae-Lynn_Bourne) [27] (#cite_note-IG-SI-27) Chen Hongyi (/wiki/Chen_Hongyi) [27] (#cite_note-IG-SI-27) Mone Chiba (/wiki/Mone_Chiba) [27] (#cite_note-IG-SI-27) Wakaba Higuchi (/wiki/Wakaba_Higuchi) [28] (#cite_note-JBP201015-28) Marin Honda (/wiki/Marin_Honda) [1] (#cite_note-KTV190108-1) Miyu Honda (/wiki/Miyu_Honda) [15] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIto20202–3-15) Sara Honda (/w/index.php?title=Sara_Honda&action=edit&redlink=1) [ ja (https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E7%94%B0%E7%B4%97%E6%9D%A5) ] [15] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIto20202–3-15) Jocelyn Hong (/w/index.php?title=Jocelyn_Hong&action=edit&redlink=1) [ ru (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3,_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD) ] [27] (#cite_note-IG-SI-27) Haruka Imai (/wiki/Haruka_Imai) [4] (#cite_note-JBP201013-4) Mariko Kihara (/wiki/Mariko_Kihara) [15] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIto20202–3-15) Rika Kihira (/wiki/Rika_Kihira) [1] (#cite_note-KTV190108-1) Misato Komatsubara (/wiki/Misato_Komatsubara) [3] (#cite_note-WWD220208-3) Yura Matsuda (/wiki/Yura_Matsuda) [11] (#cite_note-FS230623-11) Evgenia Medvedeva (/wiki/Evgenia_Medvedeva) [6] (#cite_note-WFS230410-6) : 2 Mai Mihara (/wiki/Mai_Mihara) [11] (#cite_note-FS230623-11) Satoko Miyahara (/wiki/Satoko_Miyahara) [1] (#cite_note-KTV190108-1) Kana Muramoto (/wiki/Kana_Muramoto) [28] (#cite_note-JBP201015-28) Yuka Nagai (/wiki/Yuka_Nagai) [15] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIto20202–3-15) Elena Radionova (/wiki/Elena_Radionova) [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEIce_Jewels202081–84-7) Ryo Shibata (/wiki/Ryo_Shibata) [27] (#cite_note-IG-SI-27) Mao Shimada (/wiki/Mao_Shimada) [11] (#cite_note-FS230623-11) Yuna Shiraiwa (/wiki/Yuna_Shiraiwa) [28] (#cite_note-JBP201015-28) Rion Sumiyoshi (/wiki/Rion_Sumiyoshi) [28] (#cite_note-JBP201015-28) Hina Takeno (/w/index.php?title=Hina_Takeno&action=edit&redlink=1) [ ja (https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AB%B9%E9%87%8E%E6%AF%94%E5%A5%88) ] [6] (#cite_note-WFS230410-6) Yuhana Yokoi (/wiki/Yuhana_Yokoi) [11] (#cite_note-FS230623-11) Hana Yoshida (/wiki/Hana_Yoshida) [27] (#cite_note-IG-SI-27) Zhu Yi (/wiki/Zhu_Yi_(figure_skater)) [27] (#cite_note-IG-SI-27) Other collaborations [ edit ] Sumire Kita (/wiki/Sumire_Kita) (rhythmic gymnastics) [5] (#cite_note-TVA200714-5) Mona Pavetic (equestrian vaulting) [27] (#cite_note-IG-SI-27) Aiko Sugihara (/wiki/Aiko_Sugihara) (artistic gymnastics) [8] (#cite_note-NB220808-8) : 2 Publications [ edit ] Ito, Satomi (March 31, 2020). Figure Skating Art Costumes (in Japanese). Chiyoda, Tokyo (/wiki/Chiyoda,_Tokyo) : Kadokawa Future Publishing (/wiki/Kadokawa_Future_Publishing) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-4046044631 . — (April 18, 2022). Muse on Ice (in Japanese). Chiyoda, Tokyo (/wiki/Chiyoda,_Tokyo) : G.B. Corporation. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-4910428154 . — (August 2, 2023a). Yuzuru Hanyu's Costumes made by Satomi Ito (in Japanese). Chiyoda, Tokyo (/wiki/Chiyoda,_Tokyo) : Two Virgins Publishing. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-4910352831 . References [ edit ] Citations [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e 衣装デザイナー伊藤聡美 [Costume designer Satomi Ito]. 7Rules (in Japanese). Kita-ku, Osaka (/wiki/Kita-ku,_Osaka) : Kansai Telecasting Corporation (/wiki/Kansai_Telecasting_Corporation) . January 8, 2019. Archived from the original (https://www.ktv.jp/7rules/program/190108.html) on July 17, 2019. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Gallagher, Jack (August 20, 2022). "Designer Satomi Ito Making Her Mark with Innovative Costumes for Top Skaters" (https://japan-forward.com/ice-time-designer-satomi-ito-making-her-mark-with-innovative-costumes-for-top-skaters/) . Japan Forward . Chiyoda, Tokyo (/wiki/Chiyoda,_Tokyo) : Sankei Shimbun (/wiki/Sankei_Shimbun) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220819225836/https://japan-forward.com/ice-time-designer-satomi-ito-making-her-mark-with-innovative-costumes-for-top-skaters/) from the original on August 19, 2022. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Hanami, Isogimi (February 8, 2022). 羽生結弦ら五輪出場5選手の衣装を担当 – デザイナー伊藤聡美に聞くフィギュア衣装制作の裏側 [In charge of the costumes for Yuzuru Hanyu and five other Olympic athletes: Behind the scenes of figure costume production with designer Satomi Ito]. WWD Japan (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) (in Japanese). Minato, Tokyo (/wiki/Minato,_Tokyo) : Infas Publications, Inc. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220208010927/https://www.wwdjapan.com/articles/1319409) from the original on February 8, 2022. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Matsubara, Takaomi (October 13, 2020). 衣装デザイナー・伊藤聡美が選手から熱望される理由 – フィギュアスケートを彩る人々（第1回） [Why costume designer Satomi Ito is eagerly sought after by athletes – People who color figure skating (Part 1)]. Japan Business Press (https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E3%83%93%E3%82%B8%E3%83%8D%E3%82%B9%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B9) (in Japanese). Minato, Tokyo (/wiki/Minato,_Tokyo) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20221205082917/https://jbpress.ismedia.jp/articles/-/62346) from the original on December 5, 2022. ^ Jump up to: a b c きっかけは浅田真央の感動演技! 衣装デザイナーの碧い「自分は衣装で感動を与えたい」 [The trigger was Mao Asada's impressive performance! Costume designer's pledge: "I want to impress with my costumes"]. TV Asahi (/wiki/TV_Asahi) (in Japanese). Minato, Tokyo (/wiki/Minato,_Tokyo) . July 14, 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220521125323/https://post.tv-asahi.co.jp/post-124069/) from the original on May 21, 2022. ^ Jump up to: a b c d コスチューム・ワールド第1回・伊藤聡美選(前編) [Costume World (edition 1) – Satomi Ito (part 1)]. World Figure Skating (in Japanese). Bunkyo, Tokyo (/wiki/Bunkyo,_Tokyo) : Shinshokan (/wiki/Shinshokan) . April 10, 2023. pp. 1–2. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230410080252/https://worldfigureskating-web.jp/interview/966/) from the original on April 10, 2023. ^ Jump up to: a b c Ice Jewels 2020 (#CITEREFIce_Jewels2020) , p. 81–84. ^ Jump up to: a b c Yanai, Yumiko (August 8, 2022). 現役生活に"一区切り"...女子体操の立役者・杉原愛子22歳はいま何してる?「練習と学生の指導も。コーチの大変さを実感しています」 [A "break" in active life ... What is 22-year-old Aiko Sugihara, a leading figure in women's gymnastics, doing at the moment? "Practicing and coaching students, I know how hard it is to be a coach"]. Number (/wiki/Number_(magazine)) (in Japanese). Chiyoda, Tokyo (/wiki/Chiyoda,_Tokyo) : Bungeishunjū (/wiki/Bungeishunj%C5%AB) . pp. 1–3. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230228111917/https://number.bunshun.jp/articles/-/854166) from the original on February 28, 2023. ^ Jump up to: a b c コスチューム・ワールド第1回・伊藤聡美選(後編) [Costume World (edition 1) – Satomi Ito (part 2)]. World Figure Skating (in Japanese). Bunkyo, Tokyo (/wiki/Bunkyo,_Tokyo) : Shinshokan (/wiki/Shinshokan) . April 11, 2023. pp. 1–2. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230411082856/https://worldfigureskating-web.jp/interview/976/) from the original on April 11, 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-FTN220928_10-0) 「選手のためだけに衣装をつくりたい」羽生結弦らを担当するデザイナー伊藤聡美のフィギュアスケートへの想い ["I want to make costumes just for the athletes" Designer Satomi Ito, who is in charge of Yuzuru Hanyu and others, thinks about figure skating]. Fashion Tech News (in Japanese). Chiba City (/wiki/Chiba_(city)) : Zozo Next Inc. September 28, 2022. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220928010718/https://fashiontechnews.zozo.com/culture/satomi_ito) from the original on September 28, 2022. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g 羽生結弦らの衣装を展示するコスチューム展を開催、羽生選手にフォーカスを当てた書籍の販売も [A costume exhibition will be held to display the costumes of Yuzuru Hanyu and others, and books focusing on Hanyu will also be sold]. Fashionsnap (https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashionsnap.com) (in Japanese). Shinjuku (/wiki/Shinjuku) , Tokyo: Reco Orlando Co., Ltd. June 23, 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230627215014/https://www.fashionsnap.com/article/2023-06-23/satomiito-exhibition/) from the original on June 27, 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIto2021ch._2_12-0) Ito 2021 (#CITEREFIto2021) , ch. 2. sfn error: no target: CITEREFIto2021 ( help (/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors) ) ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIto2023a_13-0) Ito 2023a (#CITEREFIto2023a) . ^ (#cite_ref-NHK201116_14-0) 人気デザイナーに聞いてみた！衣装から見たフィギュアの魅力 [We asked a popular designer! The charm of figure skating seen through the costume]. NHK (/wiki/NHK) (in Japanese). Shibuya (/wiki/Shibuya) , Tokyo. November 16, 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230329142034/https://www3.nhk.or.jp/sports/story/1942/) from the original on March 29, 2023. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Ito 2020 (#CITEREFIto2020) , p. 2–3. ^ Jump up to: a b "Tomoki Hiwatashi going all out to make Beijing Olympics" (https://www.japantimes.co.jp/sports/2019/12/03/figure-skating/hiwatashi-going-make-beijing-olympics/) . The Japan Times (/wiki/The_Japan_Times) . Chiyoda, Tokyo (/wiki/Chiyoda,_Tokyo) . December 3, 2019. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0447-5763 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0447-5763) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220819164324/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/sports/2019/12/03/figure-skating/hiwatashi-going-make-beijing-olympics/) from the original on August 19, 2022. ^ (#cite_ref-JBP201020_17-0) Matsubara, Takaomi (October 20, 2020). 羽生結弦の難題にも応える衣装デザイナーの底力 – フィギュアスケートを彩る人々（第3回） [The underlying power of a costume designer to meet Yuzuru Hanyu's challenges – People who color figure skating (Part 3)]. Japan Business Press (https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E3%83%93%E3%82%B8%E3%83%8D%E3%82%B9%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B9) (in Japanese). Minato, Tokyo (/wiki/Minato,_Tokyo) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230201180259/https://jbpress.ismedia.jp/articles/-/62471) from the original on February 1, 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEIto2020_18-0) Ito 2020 (#CITEREFIto2020) . ^ (#cite_ref-ISU2020_19-0) "ISU Skating Awards 2020 - Best Costume" (https://www.isu.org/figure-skating/isu-skating-awards/best-costume) . International Skating Union (/wiki/International_Skating_Union) . Lausanne (/wiki/Lausanne) . 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230329134629/https://www.isu.org/figure-skating/isu-skating-awards/best-costume) from the original on March 29, 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-ISU2023_20-0) "The ISU Skating Awards 2023" (https://isu.org/figure-skating/isu-skating-awards/2023-winners) . International Skating Union (/wiki/International_Skating_Union) . Lausanne (/wiki/Lausanne) . 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231022164250/https://isu.org/figure-skating/isu-skating-awards/2023-winners) from the original on October 22, 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-TS220712_21-0) 羽生結弦の人気ナンバーワン衣装は? 等身大フィギュアが15日から公開 [What is the most popular costume of Yuzuru Hanyu? Life-size figure to be released on 15th]. Tokyo Sports (/wiki/Tokyo_Sports) (in Japanese). Koto-ku, Tokyo (/wiki/Koto-ku,_Tokyo) . July 12, 2022. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220927063458/https://www.tokyo-sports.co.jp/articles/-/232597) from the original on September 27, 2022. ^ Jump up to: a b Ito, Satomi (2023b). "Works" (https://www.satomi-ito.com/archive) . satomi-ito.com (in Japanese). Tokyo. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231029132543/https://www.satomi-ito.com/archive) from the original on October 29, 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-NB230228_23-0) Matsubara, Takaomi (February 28, 2023). 「日本代表、羽生結弦――」東京ドーム公演中に行った緊迫の"6分間練習"...3万5000人の前でつかんだ"夢"「まだまだつかみきれていない夢も...」 ["Japan representative, Yuzuru Hanyu" tense "6-minute practice" held during Tokyo Dome performance ... "Dreams" grasped in front of 35,000 people: "There are still many dreams that I have not grasped ..."]. Number (/wiki/Number_(magazine)) (in Japanese). Chiyoda, Tokyo (/wiki/Chiyoda,_Tokyo) : Bungeishunjū (/wiki/Bungeishunj%C5%AB) . pp. 1–4. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230228074209/https://number.bunshun.jp/articles/-/856611) from the original on February 28, 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-IOC230904_24-0) "Figure skating hero Hanyu Yuzuru to start gaming-inspired 'RE_PRAY' solo ice tour in Saitama" (https://olympics.com/en/news/figure-skating-hanyu-starts-solo-ice-tour-repray-saitama) . International Olympic Committee (/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee) . Lausanne (/wiki/Lausanne) . September 4, 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230904140537/https://olympics.com/en/news/figure-skating-hanyu-starts-solo-ice-tour-repray-saitama) from the original on September 4, 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-Reu211222_25-0) Wang, Tingshu; Patton, Dominique (December 22, 2021). "Chinese designer enjoys Olympic boost for figure skating costumes" (https://www.reuters.com/article/olympics-2022-china-costumes-idCNL4N2T21OA) . Reuters (/wiki/Reuters) . London, United Kingdom. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231028085245/https://www.reuters.com/article/olympics-2022-china-costumes-idCNL4N2T21OA) from the original on October 28, 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-NS171101_26-0) Takaba, Mizuho (November 1, 2017). 羽生がこだわり抜いた陰陽師衣装、今も修正制作秘話 [Hanyu's carefully selected Onmyoji costume, still a secret behind the modification process]. Nikkan Sports (/wiki/Nikkan_Sports) (in Japanese). Chuo-ku, Tokyo (/wiki/Chuo-ku,_Tokyo) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200920170907/https://www.nikkansports.com/sports/column/figurekoi/news/201710310000234.html) from the original on September 20, 2020. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Ito, Satomi. "Official account" (https://www.instagram.com/stm_ito/) (in Japanese). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230628100956/https://www.instagram.com/stm_ito/) from the original on June 28, 2023 – via Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Matsubara, Takaomi (October 15, 2020). 伊藤聡美が語る衣装に込められたそれぞれの「物語」– フィギュアスケートを彩る人々（第2回） [Satomi Ito talks about the "stories" behind the costumes – People who color figure skating (Part 2)]. Japan Business Press (https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E3%83%93%E3%82%B8%E3%83%8D%E3%82%B9%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B9) (in Japanese). Minato, Tokyo (/wiki/Minato,_Tokyo) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230402122723/https://jbpress.ismedia.jp/articles/-/62470) from the original on April 2, 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-EW2023_29-0) Weiler, Ean (/wiki/Ean_Weiler) (2023). "Media Library" (https://eanweiler.com/index.php/media-library-2-0/) . eanweiler.com . Bülach (/wiki/B%C3%BClach) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231027155525/https://eanweiler.com/index.php/media-library-2-0/) from the original on October 27, 2023. Books and magazines cited [ edit ] Ice Jewels (April 15, 2020). スペシャルインタビュー衣装デザイナー伊藤聡美 [Special Interview: Costume Designer Satomi Ito]. Ice Jewels ( Mook (/wiki/Mook_(publishing)) ) (in Japanese). Vol. 12. Minato, Tokyo (/wiki/Minato,_Tokyo) : Kazi Co., Ltd. pp. 81–84. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-4807296491 . FS Cultural Book (February 17, 2021). 独占インタビュー&寄稿 – 伊藤聡美（衣装デザイナー） [Exclusive interviews & contributions – Satomi Ito (costume designer)]. Figure Skate Cultural Book 2020–2021 Creator on Ice (in Japanese). Chiyoda, Tokyo (/wiki/Chiyoda,_Tokyo) : Kadokawa Future Publishing (/wiki/Kadokawa_Future_Publishing) . ch. 2. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-4047364950 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Satomi Ito (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Satomi_Ito) . Official website (https://www.satomi-ito.com/) (English and Japanese) Portals (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals) : Biography (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Sports (/wiki/Portal:Sports) Japan (/wiki/Portal:Japan) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/13159234206003371089) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐bmqzr Cached time: 20240720213437 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.172 seconds Real time usage: 1.425 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 22699/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 106580/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 6670/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 12/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 146975/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.657/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 16987930/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1328.821 1 -total 19.44% 258.259 1 Template:Infobox_person 19.26% 255.888 72 Template:R 18.04% 239.735 75 Template:R/ref 11.77% 156.417 1 Template:Reflist 9.28% 123.330 1 Template:Authority_control 8.74% 116.159 1 Template:Nobold 8.49% 112.823 1 Template:Lang 7.06% 93.751 75 Template:R/superscript 7.02% 93.266 3 Template:Cite_book Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:75159250-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720213437 and revision id 1233797137. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Satomi_Ito&oldid=1233797137 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Satomi_Ito&oldid=1233797137) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1988 births (/wiki/Category:1988_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) People from Chiba (city) (/wiki/Category:People_from_Chiba_(city)) Japanese costume designers (/wiki/Category:Japanese_costume_designers) Figure skating people (/wiki/Category:Figure_skating_people) Alumni of Nottingham Trent University (/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_Nottingham_Trent_University) Japanese people of Thai descent (/wiki/Category:Japanese_people_of_Thai_descent) Hidden categories: CS1 uses Japanese-language script (ja) (/wiki/Category:CS1_uses_Japanese-language_script_(ja)) CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Japanese-language_sources_(ja)) Harv and Sfn no-target errors (/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_no-target_errors) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use mdy dates from October 2023 (/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_October_2023) Use American English from October 2023 (/wiki/Category:Use_American_English_from_October_2023) All Wikipedia articles written in American English (/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_American_English) Articles containing Japanese-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Japanese-language_text) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers)
American fashion doll brand from Mattel Fictional character The Marvelous World of Shani First appearance 1991 Last appearance 1993 Created by Kitty Black Perkins (/wiki/Kitty_Black_Perkins) In-universe information Full name Shani Occupation Doctor [1] (#cite_note-1) Family See: List of Barbie's friends and family (/wiki/List_of_Barbie%27s_friends_and_family) The Marvelous World of Shani , also known as Shani & Friends or simply Shani (or Maroni as it was known in Europe (/wiki/Europe) ), was a fashion doll (/wiki/Fashion_doll) line manufactured by the American toy company Mattel, Inc. (/wiki/Mattel) and launched in 1991. The principal designer of the dolls was longtime Mattel toy designer Kitty Black Perkins (/wiki/Kitty_Black_Perkins) , also responsible for designing 1980's First Black Barbie doll, and many other African American dolls in the Barbie (/wiki/Barbie) line. The series exclusively featured black characters, and was Mattel's first attempt to produce more ethnically correct black dolls with accurate Afrocentric features, varying shades of skin tones to represent the diversity of skin color in the black community, and varying hair colors and textures. The line was created as a result of criticism aimed at Mattel at the lack of diversity and that the black dolls in the Barbie line were almost always featured with Eurocentric features. The line initially debuted completely independently from the Barbie line, with its own accessories and characters, until the Shani line was discontinued and then retconned (/wiki/Retcon) into the Barbie line as her friends. As a result of the lines merging, Shani brand dolls are retroactively considered Barbie dolls. Product and History [ edit ] Long before the Shani line debuted in stores, Mattel had already been making African American fashion dolls for 24 years, with their first black doll being the Colored Francie doll from 1967, and then Barbie's friends Christie and Julia (the latter being based on the hit TV series of the same name (/wiki/Julia_(1968_TV_series)) ), released in 1968 and 1969 respectively. They were soon followed by Brad, the first African American male doll in the Barbie franchise who was introduced as a boyfriend for Christie. Mattel, would continue to release more black dolls in the Barbie line, including a new couple named Cara and Curtis, and the first black versions of Barbie and Ken in 1980 and 1982 respectively. These dolls were met with criticism from the public, specifically the black community, for reusing Barbie face sculpts with Eurocentric features and having no variety in hair texture. [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) Seeing the demand and need for more fashion dolls that accurately represented African American culture, Mattel hired researchers Dr. Darlene Powell-Hopson and Dr. Derek Hopson to help them refine their products, which included them conducting a study entitled Implications of Doll Color Preferences among Black Preschool Children and White Preschool Children , in which it was found that black children always picked the white dolls as the prettiest because they thought the black dolls were ugly. [5] (#cite_note-5) The results of these tests inspired Mattel to create a doll line of black dolls that would more accurately represent black culture and be positive role models for children. [6] (#cite_note-6) In a New York Times (/wiki/New_York_Times) interview with Dr. Powell-Hopson, she revealed that Mattel wanted guidance from researchers on how to reinforce Shani for children in a positive way, and she commented that this showed how much respect Mattel had for the black community. The line initially debuted with 3 characters, Shani, Asha, and Nichelle, with the back of the box stating that the name Shani is Swahili (/wiki/Swahili_language) for the word marvelous. Asha's name is Swahili for the word life, and Nichelle was named after Star Trek (/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Original_Series) actress Nichelle Nichols (/wiki/Nichelle_Nichols) . The dolls were all made with new face sculpts that were more Afrocentric, and with various skintones including light (Asha), medium (Shani), and dark (Nichelle). The dolls had nearly identical figures to Barbie dolls, only with more shapelier bodies. The body mold used for the dolls was a new and unique mold created in 1991 that would eventually be used for Barbie dolls as well. The dolls were also designed to be able to wear Barbie fashions and accessories as well, to encourage more variety in doll play for children that also owned Barbie dolls already. [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) The dolls in the first wave were released in September 1991, wearing big and fancy ball gowns that could be converted into different outfits including a bathing suit and a cover-up (Shani), a jacket and a mini-dress (Asha), and a ballerina gown (Nichelle). The dolls also came with a hair pick and a multi-purpose accessory that could be converted into a hair clip, a belt, and a necklace. A pair of heels was also included with each doll, Nichelle notably getting two pairs of shoes, with the second pair being ballerina slippers that could be tied around her ankles. Lastly, each doll also included a sheet of cardboard cutouts inside the box that could be cut out and folded together to make doll accessories. In addition to the dolls, Shani fashion packs were also included, each one being an outfit that could be converted into different looks. [9] (#cite_note-auto-9) In the doll's first commercial, a Caucasian white girl is shown playing with the Shani dolls alongside two black girls, a move encouraged by Dr. Powell-Hopson to show that black dolls could have universal appeal. [10] (#cite_note-10) Dr. Powell-Hopson also hoped that Shani would last long enough to have more careers, as the doll was marketed as being a doctor in addition to a fashion model. [11] (#cite_note-11) The dolls were also designed with having gold accents in mind for their fashion, as a representation of the importance of gold in African culture, as the color means high status, wealth, royalty, fertility, and spiritual purity. [12] (#cite_note-12) The dolls retailed for varying prices of $12.99 to $19.99 in stores. According to Perkins, Shani is originally from Africa but now lives in the United States. [13] (#cite_note-13) Though the dolls were met with initial strong sales and generally positive reviews, they still faced their fair share of criticism. Dr. Nickole C.J. Scott, writing for the Orlando Sentinel, was particularly critical of the doll's body types and proportions, a criticism that Barbie had similarly faced in the past. She wrote: "Like Barbie has done for years, this new doll is sending the message that if I don't look like this I won't be accepted." She continued to write: "She may have black skin, but her body is still too reflective of a fantasy white woman's, some critics say." Debra Mitchell, Mattel's product manager at the time, defended the Shani dolls and countered that, in reference to the criticism that Shani's hair is too straight, that they don't plan on changing her hair anytime soon, as Mattel's research concluded that children liked playing with dolls that had long hair, even black children. [14] (#cite_note-14) In 1992, another character would be introduced into the Shani line in the form of Jamal, designed as a boyfriend for the Shani doll. The doll debuted with a golden tuxedo, which could be converted into a casual outfit, a pair of dress shoes, a cloth briefcase, a bowtie, two ties, a cummerbund, a sheet of cardboard cutout accessories just like the first three dolls, and a mustache. Jamal would then be clean shaven in subsequent releases of the doll. In addition to a boyfriend, Shani was given an accessory in the form of a Corvette (/wiki/Chevrolet_Corvette) , which was simply a gold re-coloring of the 1980s Barbie Corvette. [9] (#cite_note-auto-9) The line would also get a second wave in the form of the Beach Dazzle Shani dolls, which featured the dolls wearing Bikinis with golden accents. They would soon be followed by another beach themed wave titled Beach Streak Shani, which included Jamal this time (with a clean shaven face), copper streaks in their hair, and a new waist joint to reduce the gap in the doll's hips. [15] (#cite_note-15) In 1993, in collaboration with the hit TV series Soul Train (/wiki/Soul_Train) , a fourth wave of Shani dolls based on the series was released, with the dolls wearing fashion inspired by African American textiles and dance fashion. Accessories included the traditional hair pick, shoes, and stick-on jewels for the dolls. This line would end up being the last wave of Shani dolls before the series was discontinued. While there has never been an official reason given for why the series abruptly ended, it has been theorized that it was because of poor sales. [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) Legacy [ edit ] Despite the end of the Shani doll line, Shani would continue to have a presence in the Barbie franchise. In 1994, Shani would officially cross over into the Barbie franchise as her friend, debuting in the Sun Jewel Barbie line as Sun Jewel Shani, wearing an orange colored bikini. Shani would also make an appearance in the Jewel & Glitter Barbie line as Jewel & Glitter Shani. The doll's face sculpts would also continue to be used on African American versions of Barbie dolls, and for Barbie's black friends. Asha's face sculpt is notable for unofficially becoming the new face for Barbie's black friend Christie, as the face sculpt got used most frequently for Christie and African American versions of Barbie. Jamal's face sculpt also unofficially became the standard face for Steven, Christie's boyfriend, and for African American versions of Ken. Shani's face is the rarest of the 4 sculpts, which includes the Jamal sculpt. [18] (#cite_note-18) Beyond the sculpts, even the body mold became used for Barbie brand dolls ever since, being a particular staple of collector brand Barbie dolls due to the slender and shapely frame and arms, before it was replaced by the Model Muse body as the standard body for collector dolls. It was dubbed the Shani body. The Shani body was commonly used on Bob Mackie designer Barbies, and for Silkstone dolls in the Barbie Fashion Model Collection. Asha - African American Collection [ edit ] After the line's cancellation, Mattel made yet another attempt to release an ethnically correct doll line featuring black dolls. The line of dolls was known as Asha - African American Collection (or simply Asha), which the back of the box stated that the name meant life in Swahili. Confusingly, though the dolls happened to share a name with one of Shani's friends Asha, the dolls had nothing to do with each other and weren't the same character, made more apparent by the fact that Asha dolls used the Shani face sculpt. The series contained only three dolls, all of them featuring fashion inspired by African textiles and had gold accents in their clothes, in reference to the importance of gold in African culture. After only three dolls, all of them released as part of a single wave, the Asha doll line was also discontinued. [19] (#cite_note-19) Byron Lars - The Runway Collection [ edit ] Byron Lars (/wiki/Byron_Lars) is an American fashion designer who was recruited by Mattel to design high-end collector Barbie dolls that were Afrocentric to introduce more diversity in the collector line. His first Barbie doll was In the Limelight, released in 1997, and it used the Nichelle face sculpt. The doll would be followed by Cinnabar Sensation Barbie 1998 who used the Asha face, and Plum Royale Barbie 1999 who used the Shani face. Lars was a fan of the Shani line before its cancellation, and sought to reintroduce the dolls via his series known as The Runway Collection. These dolls are credited for re-introducing the face sculpts and making them popular again amongst fans. [20] (#cite_note-20) S.I.S/So in Style Dolls [ edit ] In 2009, Mattel launched the So in Style doll line, said to be a spiritual successor to the Shani line from decades prior, as the line had a similar goal, of featuring exclusively black characters with ethnically correct facial features and fashion. Stacey McBride-Irby, designer of So in Style, was directly inspired by the Shani line for the new Afrocentric doll line. [21] (#cite_note-21) Just like with Shani, So in Style (also abbreviated as S.I.S) debuted completely independently from the Barbie line with its own characters. The line debuted with 4 main characters, Grace, Kara, Trichelle, and Chandra, all with their own unique face sculpt and skin-tone. When this line was also eventually discontinued, So in Style was retconned into the Barbie line as Barbie's friends, becoming a part of the Barbie line canonically. [22] (#cite_note-22) [23] (#cite_note-23) See also [ edit ] List of Barbie's friends and family (/wiki/List_of_Barbie%27s_friends_and_family) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Shani \| Mattel, Inc" (https://corporate.mattel.com/en-us/brand-portfolio/shani) . corporate.mattel.com . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "\| "You're Everything I Wanna Be" - Black Girls and Shani Dolls · A Seat at the Table: Conversations on Global Black Girlhood" (https://blackgirlhood.womens.lsa.umich.edu/exhibits/show/global-black-girlhood/play-and-material-culture/-you-re-everything-i-wanna-be-#:~:text=Mattel%27s+Shani+dolls,+released+in,%22ethnically-correct%22+features) . blackgirlhood.womens.lsa.umich.edu . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "African American Fashion Dolls of the 60s" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110822175140/http://www.mastercollector.com/articles/dolls/dollnews31301.shtml) . Mastercollector.com. Archived from the original (http://www.mastercollector.com/articles/dolls/dollnews31301.shtml) on August 22, 2011 . Retrieved May 23, 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Faces of Christie" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110720091540/http://kattisdolls.net/faces/christie.htm) . Kattisdolls.net. Archived from the original (http://kattisdolls.net/faces/christie.htm) on July 20, 2011 . Retrieved May 23, 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Ducille, Ann (1994). "Dyes and Dolls: Multicultural Barbie and the merchandising of difference". Differences: A Journal of Feminist Cultural Studies . 6 : 46. ^ (#cite_ref-6) Hofmann, Deborah (March 17, 1991). "Style Makers; Derek Hopson and Darlene Powell-Hopson, Child and Family Psychologists" (https://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/17/style/style-makers-derek-hopson-darlene-powell-hopson-child-family-psychologists.html) . The New York Times . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "URBAN STREET SHANI STORY" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=stAiCsxOTmY) – via www.youtube.com. ^ (#cite_ref-8) Jacqueline Trescott (November 29, 1991). "A RAINBOW OF DOLLS THAT MAKE A DIFFERENCE" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1991/11/29/a-rainbow-of-dolls-that-make-a-difference/b87be7af-4229-46dc-b6b9-bc4b445baae5/) . The Washington Post (/wiki/The_Washington_Post) . Washington, D.C. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0190-8286 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1330888409 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1330888409) . ^ Jump up to: a b "Black Doll Collecting" (https://blackdollcollecting.blogspot.com/search?q=shani) . blackdollcollecting.blogspot.com . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Mattel Shani 30 sec 6:14:91 Red Car" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7J7oYnDHkuU) – via www.youtube.com. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Service, Knight-Ridder News (November 7, 1991). "Will Mattel's Shani win the hearts of little black girls?" (https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1991-11-07-1991311087-story.html) . baltimoresun.com . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Themes, U. F. O. "West African Cloth: What do the Colours Really Mean?" (https://www.empiretextiles.com/blog/portfolio/west-african-cloth-what-do-the-colours-really-mean/) . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Barbie doll designer creates black line" (https://www.goupstate.com/story/news/1992/07/16/barbie-doll-designer-creates-black-line/29547517007/) . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Press, Detroit Free (November 21, 1991). "MATTEL'S LATEST AFRICAN-AMERICAN DOLL SPARKS DEBATE" (https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-1991-11-21-9111200048-story.html) . OrlandoSentinel.com . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Beach Dazzle Shani Doll Commercial (1992)" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ClXT60J7CQw) – via www.youtube.com. ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Shani" (https://www.barbieworld.it/Shani.php) . www.barbieworld.it . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Shani and Friends Soul Train Dolls" (https://virtualblackdollmuseum.com/2021/03/19/shani-and-friends-soul-train-dolls/) . March 19, 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-18) "The Marvelous World of SHANI: Mattel's First "Ethnically Correct" Black Dolls (1991)" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Igow5kN_0o) – via www.youtube.com. ^ (#cite_ref-19) "©1990 Shani Face (AA)" (https://fashiondollz.de/1990-shani-face-aa/) . May 24, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Byron Lars" (https://www.blackbarbieguide.com/byron-lars) . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Designer's Barbie dolls reflect black culture" (https://www.dailybreeze.com/2010/03/20/designers-barbie-dolls-reflect-black-culture/amp/) . March 20, 2010. ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Barbie Signature" (https://creations.mattel.com/pages/barbie-signature) . Mattel Creations . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Mattel introduces black Barbies, to mixed reviews" (https://web.archive.org/web/20091011234536/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0%2C2933%2C562706%2C00.html) . Fox News. October 9, 2009. Archived from the original (http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,562706,00.html) on October 11, 2009 . Retrieved October 18, 2009 . This article needs additional or more specific categories (/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization) . Please help out (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Marvelous_World_of_Shani&action=edit) by adding categories (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#How_do_I_add_an_article_to_a_category?) to it so that it can be listed with similar articles. ( July 2021 ) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7bdbf47cb9‐gkxtw Cached time: 20240718203656 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.351 seconds Real time usage: 0.433 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1830/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 41128/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1684/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 83953/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.228/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5303094/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 405.692 1 -total 47.11% 191.112 1 Template:Reflist 35.71% 144.892 19 Template:Cite_web 19.27% 78.161 2 Template:Short_description 16.14% 65.480 1 Template:Infobox_character 13.29% 53.901 1 Template:Infobox 12.21% 49.537 1 Template:Improve_categories 11.58% 46.996 1 Template:Ambox 10.78% 43.732 4 Template:Pagetype 7.03% 28.525 9 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:67754752-0!canonical and timestamp 20240718203656 and revision id 1223572847. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Marvelous_World_of_Shani&oldid=1223572847 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Marvelous_World_of_Shani&oldid=1223572847) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Doll brands (/wiki/Category:Doll_brands) Mattel (/wiki/Category:Mattel) Barbie (/wiki/Category:Barbie) Fashion dolls (/wiki/Category:Fashion_dolls) 1990s toys (/wiki/Category:1990s_toys) Playscale figures (/wiki/Category:Playscale_figures) Toy mascots (/wiki/Category:Toy_mascots) Female characters in advertising (/wiki/Category:Female_characters_in_advertising) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Use mdy dates from May 2021 (/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_May_2021) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles needing additional categories from July 2021 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_categories_from_July_2021)
This article may have been created or edited in return for undisclosed payments , a violation of Wikipedia's terms of use (https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Terms_of_Use/en#paid-contrib-disclosure) . It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia's content policies (/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies#Content) , particularly neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) . ( January 2021 ) Fashion label based in Gurgaon, India This article includes a list of general references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) , but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations) . Please help to improve (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability) this article by introducing (/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite) more precise citations. ( December 2018 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Lecoanet Hemant Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) Founded 1981 Founder Didier Lecoanet & Hemant Sagar Headquarters Gurugram (/wiki/Gurugram) , India (/wiki/India) Products Ready-to-wear (/wiki/Ready-to-wear) , haute couture (/wiki/Haute_couture) Lecoanet Hemant (founded in 1981) is a fashion label (/wiki/Fashion_label) , founded by Didier Lecoanet and Hemant Sagar. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) The label initially was based in Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré (/wiki/Rue_du_Faubourg_Saint-Honor%C3%A9) , Paris and focussed only on haute couture (/wiki/Haute_couture) designs. However, the label has transitioned the focus to ready-to-wear and has moved their base to Gurugram (/wiki/Gurugram) , India (/wiki/India) . [2] (#cite_note-2) History [ edit ] Hemant and Lecoanet met in Paris (/wiki/Paris) , France (/wiki/France) , at the Ecole de la Chambre Syndicale de la Couture Parisienne (/wiki/Ecole_de_la_Chambre_Syndicale_de_la_Couture_Parisienne) . Both of them were learning Haute Couture (/wiki/Haute_couture) at that time and decided to launch something together. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) They started a store in Paris (/wiki/Paris) and were one amongst only 24 Haute Couture (/wiki/Haute_couture) Houses. [3] (#cite_note-3) They eventually became a part of the Haute Couture Club and also joined Syndicat as a member. [4] (#cite_note-4) They presented their collections in various international events and later decided to move to India to launch two new brands namely GENES and Ayurganic. [5] (#cite_note-:1-5) Notable clients [ edit ] Princess Noor Bint Badr [5] (#cite_note-:1-5) Ranveer Singh (/wiki/Ranveer_Singh) [6] (#cite_note-6) Rashi Khanna (/wiki/Raashi_Khanna) [7] (#cite_note-7) Ananya Raje Scindia [8] (#cite_note-8) Awards, collections and collaborations [ edit ] Collection present at Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) , London [9] (#cite_note-9) Collection present at the Mikimoto Museum in Honshu, Japan Collection present at the Ariana in Geneva Collection present at Galleria Museum of Fashion, Paris [10] (#cite_note-10) Miami Fashion Week (/wiki/Miami_Fashion_Week) , 2007 [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "Lecoanet Hemant: A Class Apart" (http://www.openthemagazine.com/article/fashion/lecoanet-hemant-a-class-apart) . OPEN Magazine . 26 July 2017 . Retrieved 23 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "The Parisian couture house that is shifting its base to India" (https://www.vogue.in/content/the-parisian-couture-house-that-is-shifting-its-base-to-india/) . VOGUE India . 10 March 2016 . Retrieved 23 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Milligan, Lauren (March 2016). "From Paris To Delhi: A Couture Move" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/gallery/lecoanet-hemant-designer-interview-paris-dehli-brand) . www.vogue.co.uk . Retrieved 23 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "BEING HAUTE \| The Rise Of Designer Hemant Sagar" (https://www.mansworldindia.com/from-the-magazine/haute-rise-hemant-sagar-indian-haute-couturier-paris/) . Man's World India . 4 August 2000 . Retrieved 23 October 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Lecoanet Hemant: 4 Decades In Fashion" (https://www.idiva.com/news-style-beauty/lecoanet-hemant-4-decades-in-fashion/17032108) . iDiva.com . Retrieved 23 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Ranveer Singh is a 'firework' in this charming Lecoanet Hemant suit" (http://www.peoplemagazines.net/ranveer-singh-is-a-firework-in-this-colourful-lecoanet-hemant-suit/) . People Magazines . Retrieved 23 October 2018 . [ dead link ] ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Raashi Khanna at Mirchi Music Awards \| Fashionworldhub" (https://www.fashionworldhub.com/2018/09/raashi-khanna-at-mirchi-music-awards/) . www.fashionworldhub.com . 25 September 2018 . Retrieved 23 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) IANS (25 September 2018). "Indians to participate at high-end fundraiser in Paris" (https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/indians-to-participate-at-high-end-fundraiser-in-paris-118092500869_1.html) . Business Standard India . Retrieved 23 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Evening dress \| Lecoanet Hemant \| V&A Search the Collections" (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O367892/evening-dress-lecoanet-hemant/) . collections.vam.ac.uk . 9 March 1989 . Retrieved 23 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Fashion \| Soul Threads" (http://www.verveonline.com/79/fashion/designerscut.shtml) . www.verveonline.com . Retrieved 23 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Miami Fashion Week 2007 - World Fashion Calendar, International Fashion Weeks" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180409171449/http://europaregina.eu/fashion_weeks/miami_fashion_week-04192007.htm) . europaregina.eu . Archived from the original (http://europaregina.eu/fashion_weeks/miami_fashion_week-04192007.htm) on 9 April 2018 . Retrieved 23 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Designer-duo Lecoanet Hemant on their latest that invoked vintage Hollywood glamour and why there's no scope for couture in India" (https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/making-the-shift-lecoanet-hemant-designer-show-radhika-apte-5899552/) . 13 August 2019 . Retrieved 17 April 2022 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5f776947c‐4xpqg Cached time: 20240709042050 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.385 seconds Real time usage: 0.488 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2144/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 35780/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2051/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 49293/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.239/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6265250/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 456.046 1 -total 39.25% 179.003 1 Template:Reflist 24.99% 113.961 7 Template:Cite_web 19.29% 87.992 1 Template:Infobox_company 18.79% 85.704 1 Template:UPE 17.02% 77.641 1 Template:Infobox 16.07% 73.265 2 Template:Ambox 13.33% 60.804 1 Template:Short_description 6.27% 28.614 2 Template:Pagetype 5.95% 27.137 5 Template:Cite_news Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:58855988-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709042050 and revision id 1222536194. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lecoanet_Hemant&oldid=1222536194 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lecoanet_Hemant&oldid=1222536194) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1981 establishments in Haryana (/wiki/Category:1981_establishments_in_Haryana) Clothing companies established in 1981 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1981) Indian companies established in 1981 (/wiki/Category:Indian_companies_established_in_1981) Companies based in Paris (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Paris) Companies based in Gurgaon (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Gurgaon) Clothing companies of France (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_of_France) Clothing companies of India (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_of_India) French fashion designers (/wiki/Category:French_fashion_designers) Indian fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Indian_fashion_designers) Haute couture (/wiki/Category:Haute_couture) Hidden categories: All articles with dead external links (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links) Articles with dead external links from August 2020 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_August_2020) Wikipedia articles with undisclosed paid content from January 2021 (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_with_undisclosed_paid_content_from_January_2021) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles lacking in-text citations from December 2018 (/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_in-text_citations_from_December_2018) All articles lacking in-text citations (/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_in-text_citations) Use dmy dates from January 2023 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_January_2023) Use Indian English from January 2023 (/wiki/Category:Use_Indian_English_from_January_2023) All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English (/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_Indian_English)
This template was nominated for deletion (/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy) . Please review the prior discussions if you are considering re-nomination: No consensus , 2020 March 28, see discussion (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2020_March_28#Template:Infobox_pageant_titleholder) . No consensus , 2020 March 28, see discussion (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2020_March_28#Template:Infobox_Playboy_Playmate) . No consensus , 2017 September 9, see discussion (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2017_September_9#Template:Infobox_pageant_titleholder) . Keep , 6 June 2011, see discussion (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2011_June_6#Template:Infobox_model) . This template does not require a rating on Wikipedia's content assessment (/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_assessment) scale. It is of interest to the following WikiProjects (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject) : Infoboxes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Infoboxes) This template is within the scope of WikiProject Infoboxes (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Infoboxes) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Infoboxes (/wiki/Infoboxes) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Infoboxes) and see a list of open tasks. Infoboxes Wikipedia:WikiProject Infoboxes Template:WikiProject Infoboxes Infoboxes articles Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) This template is within the scope of WikiProject Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Fashion) and see a list of open tasks. Fashion Wikipedia:WikiProject Fashion Template:WikiProject Fashion fashion articles Archives Archive 1 (/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox_model/Archive_1) This page has archives. Sections older than 28 days may be automatically archived by Lowercase sigmabot III (/wiki/User:Lowercase_sigmabot_III) when more than 3 sections are present. __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T09:55:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Women's_measurements,_part_II-2016-04-05T09:55:00.000Z","replies":["c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T09:55:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II","c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T12:29:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II","c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T14:32:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II","c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-07T08:47:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II"],"text":"Women's measurements, part II","linkableTitle":"Women's measurements, part II"} Women's measurements, part II [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T09:55:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Women's_measurements,_part_II-2016-04-05T09:55:00.000Z","replies":["c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T09:55:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II","c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T12:29:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II","c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T14:32:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II","c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-07T08:47:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Rebbing-2016-04-07T13:40:00.000Z-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-07T08:47:00.000Z","timestamp":"2016-04-07T13:40:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__12__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__5__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T09:55:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Women's_measurements,_part_II-2016-04-05T09:55:00.000Z","replies":["c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T09:55:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II","c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T12:29:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II","c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T14:32:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II","c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-07T08:47:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II"],"text":"Women's measurements, part II","linkableTitle":"Women's measurements, part II"} Sorry, I've reverted this crap. Of course body size is highly relevant to a model. Bra and cup is irrelevant unless you are talking about a glamour model. I suggest that people stop getting offended, it's as relevant as the weight of a boxer or the height of a basketball player. Spacecowboy420 (/wiki/User:Spacecowboy420) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Spacecowboy420) ) 09:55, 5 April 2016 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox_model#c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T09:55:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2016-04-05T09:55:00.000Z","author":"Spacecowboy420","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T09:55:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II","replies":[]}} I'm open to discussion. I really disagree with this removal, however I am willing to listen to an outside opinion. Spacecowboy420 (/wiki/User:Spacecowboy420) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Spacecowboy420) ) 12:29, 5 April 2016 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox_model#c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T12:29:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2016-04-05T12:29:00.000Z","author":"Spacecowboy420","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T12:29:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II","replies":[]}} Nice to see that people are happy to revert, without bothering to touch the talk page. Take a wild fucking guess what the "D" in BRD (/wiki/Wikipedia:BRD) stands for. Spacecowboy420 (/wiki/User:Spacecowboy420) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Spacecowboy420) ) 14:32, 5 April 2016 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox_model#c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T14:32:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2016-04-05T14:32:00.000Z","author":"Spacecowboy420","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T14:32:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II","replies":["c-Mr._Granger-2016-04-05T14:54:00.000Z-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T14:32:00.000Z","c-Rebbing-2016-04-05T15:44:00.000Z-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T14:32:00.000Z"]}} Please be civil. There's clear consensus in this discussion for removing the measurements parameter—do you have any reasoning for why it should be restored despite the arguments above for its removal? — Granger (/wiki/User:Mr._Granger) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Mr._Granger) · contribs (/wiki/Special:Contributions/Mr._Granger) ) 14:54, 5 April 2016 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox_model#c-Mr._Granger-2016-04-05T14:54:00.000Z-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T14:32:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2016-04-05T14:54:00.000Z","author":"Mr. Granger","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Mr._Granger-2016-04-05T14:54:00.000Z-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T14:32:00.000Z","replies":[],"displayName":"Granger"}} Did you read BRD? Per BRD § Discuss (/wiki/BRD#Discuss) , the "discuss" component is on you. This has already been discussed extensively last month; there was no need for someone to rehash it for you before reverting your condescendingly-summarized edits. If you take the time to read the points made here, you'll see that there were many reasons motivating this change; this isn't simply about people being offended. I'd like to point out that people's heights don't change much throughout their lives, and boxers' weights are officially measured and used to determine what competitions they may enter. Rebb ing 15:44, 5 April 2016 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox_model#c-Rebbing-2016-04-05T15:44:00.000Z-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T14:32:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2016-04-05T15:44:00.000Z","author":"Rebbing","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Rebbing-2016-04-05T15:44:00.000Z-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-05T14:32:00.000Z","replies":["c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-06T07:00:00.000Z-Rebbing-2016-04-05T15:44:00.000Z"],"displayName":"Rebb"}} Thank you for the condescending manner, in which you suggested that I was condescending. It made me smile. I agree, heights don't change much over life and are even less likely to change mid-sporting career. Weights do, as you stated they affect the ability to compete (ie. work) in certain competitions. Weight/body shape are perhaps the most defining factor in a model's ability to work. With the debate on skinny/chubby models that the media is currently obsessed with, there are 1000s of notable media sources discussing the size of certain models, why is that not notable or relevant? Spacecowboy420 (/wiki/User:Spacecowboy420) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Spacecowboy420) ) 07:00, 6 April 2016 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox_model#c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-06T07:00:00.000Z-Rebbing-2016-04-05T15:44:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2016-04-06T07:00:00.000Z","author":"Spacecowboy420","type":"comment","level":3,"id":"c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-06T07:00:00.000Z-Rebbing-2016-04-05T15:44:00.000Z","replies":["c-Johnuniq-2016-04-06T07:35:00.000Z-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-06T07:00:00.000Z","c-Rebbing-2016-04-06T15:18:00.000Z-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-06T07:00:00.000Z"]}} The discussion above involved eight editors and covered several issues. Any chance of engaging with those issues? For example, the comment at "If an encyclopedic purpose is served..." covers your concern. Johnuniq (/wiki/User:Johnuniq) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Johnuniq) ) 07:35, 6 April 2016 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox_model#c-Johnuniq-2016-04-06T07:35:00.000Z-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-06T07:00:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2016-04-06T07:35:00.000Z","author":"Johnuniq","type":"comment","level":4,"id":"c-Johnuniq-2016-04-06T07:35:00.000Z-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-06T07:00:00.000Z","replies":["c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-06T08:21:00.000Z-Johnuniq-2016-04-06T07:35:00.000Z"]}} Good idea. I will try to put something a little more constructive that can be addressed more easily. Spacecowboy420 (/wiki/User:Spacecowboy420) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Spacecowboy420) ) 08:21, 6 April 2016 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox_model#c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-06T08:21:00.000Z-Johnuniq-2016-04-06T07:35:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2016-04-06T08:21:00.000Z","author":"Spacecowboy420","type":"comment","level":5,"id":"c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-06T08:21:00.000Z-Johnuniq-2016-04-06T07:35:00.000Z","replies":[]}} I wasn't being condescending. You came here and called our consensus "crap," told us to "stop getting offended," and made some other rather uncivil and profane comments. These actions are all clearly forbidden by our civility policy (/wiki/Wikipedia:CIVIL) . But I don't want to argue about your behavior. On the merits, I agree that a model's shape is significant in his or her work, but, unlike a wrestler's weight, a model's shape is evaluated subjectively: a wrestler's class is determined solely by the weight shown on a scale, whereas a model's work opportunities are determined by a subjective assessment of her shape and appearance. Rebb ing 15:18, 6 April 2016 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox_model#c-Rebbing-2016-04-06T15:18:00.000Z-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-06T07:00:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2016-04-06T15:18:00.000Z","author":"Rebbing","type":"comment","level":4,"id":"c-Rebbing-2016-04-06T15:18:00.000Z-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-06T07:00:00.000Z","replies":["c-Caeciliusinhorto-2016-04-06T22:18:00.000Z-Rebbing-2016-04-06T15:18:00.000Z"],"displayName":"Rebb"}} And from an entirely practical perspective, while we have a reliable source for wrestler's weights – if they are fighting at < 61 kg, it's fairly safe to say that they weigh between 57 and 61 kg – it's much harder to find reliable sources which tell us a model's waist (or shoe!) size. Caeciliusinhorto (/wiki/User:Caeciliusinhorto) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Caeciliusinhorto) ) 22:18, 6 April 2016 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox_model#c-Caeciliusinhorto-2016-04-06T22:18:00.000Z-Rebbing-2016-04-06T15:18:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2016-04-06T22:18:00.000Z","author":"Caeciliusinhorto","type":"comment","level":5,"id":"c-Caeciliusinhorto-2016-04-06T22:18:00.000Z-Rebbing-2016-04-06T15:18:00.000Z","replies":[]}} I realize that this talk page is concerned with templates first, and specific articles second but... what are the general opinions, standards about putting notable measurements within the article? If a model was known for a tiny waist, huge boobs, or whatever...if there was a reliable source with the measurements, are these stats given within the actual body of the article? Spacecowboy420 (/wiki/User:Spacecowboy420) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Spacecowboy420) ) 08:47, 7 April 2016 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox_model#c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-07T08:47:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2016-04-07T08:47:00.000Z","author":"Spacecowboy420","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-07T08:47:00.000Z-Women's_measurements,_part_II","replies":["c-Rebbing-2016-04-07T13:40:00.000Z-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-07T08:47:00.000Z"]}} Hmm. I think if it needs to be done, it should be sourced a secondary source interpreting the numbers (hopefully more New York Times than FHM ) because the meaning of measurements themselves won't be obvious to many readers, and, per WP:OR (/wiki/Wikipedia:OR) and WP:PRIMARY (/wiki/Wikipedia:PRIMARY) , we can't interpret them ourselves. (The implications of Subject is a 34-25.5-36" is going to be lost on most, but Subject was known for her narrow waistline with a cite to a primary source that gave her measurements would be original research (/wiki/Wikipedia:OR) .) That said, Cindy Crawford (/wiki/Cindy_Crawford) just gives her raw measurements in a paragraph about her image: Crawford is 5 feet 9 inches (175 cm) tall with brown hair and eyes. Her measurements are 34–25.5–36". Crawford's trademark is a mole (/wiki/Mole_(skin_marking)) (or " beauty mark (/wiki/Beauty_mark) ") above her upper lip. She is so closely associated with this physical feature that . . . . — Cindy Crawford § Career (/wiki/Cindy_Crawford#Career) (refs omitted) However, my gut feeling is that it's probably best left out unless there's been widespread mainstream commentary about it: we don't need to find an encyclopedic way to tell the reader that someone's sexy. Often, mentioning such things is simply going to be graceless: for instance, pornographic actor Peter North (/wiki/Peter_North_(actor)) is widely known for his off-the-charts seminal volume and thickness, but his article doesn't mention that anywhere because it wouldn't be appropriate. To whatever extent it's actually relevant, a well-chosen picture will get across the idea more convincingly and with less controversy. Cf. Brooke Burns (/wiki/Brooke_Burns) ; but see Tori Black (/wiki/Tori_Black) (where the article states in the lead that Black "was named by Loaded magazine as the most facially attractive female performer in the industry"). Rebb ing 13:40, 7 April 2016 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox_model#c-Rebbing-2016-04-07T13:40:00.000Z-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-07T08:47:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2016-04-07T13:40:00.000Z","author":"Rebbing","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Rebbing-2016-04-07T13:40:00.000Z-Spacecowboy420-2016-04-07T08:47:00.000Z","replies":[],"displayName":"Rebb"}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Ahwiv-2017-05-01T14:43:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-ethinicity-2017-05-01T14:43:00.000Z","replies":["c-Ahwiv-2017-05-01T14:43:00.000Z-ethinicity","c-Capankajsmilyo-2017-05-19T02:25:00.000Z-ethinicity"],"text":"ethinicity","linkableTitle":"ethinicity"} ethinicity [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Ahwiv-2017-05-01T14:43:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-ethinicity-2017-05-01T14:43:00.000Z","replies":["c-Ahwiv-2017-05-01T14:43:00.000Z-ethinicity","c-Capankajsmilyo-2017-05-19T02:25:00.000Z-ethinicity"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Capankajsmilyo-2017-05-19T02:25:00.000Z-ethinicity","timestamp":"2017-05-19T02:25:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__2__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__2__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Ahwiv-2017-05-01T14:43:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-ethinicity-2017-05-01T14:43:00.000Z","replies":["c-Ahwiv-2017-05-01T14:43:00.000Z-ethinicity","c-Capankajsmilyo-2017-05-19T02:25:00.000Z-ethinicity"],"text":"ethinicity","linkableTitle":"ethinicity"} Please note that in 2016, the \|ethnicity= parameter was removed from Infobox person as a result of this discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump_(policy)/Archive_127#RfC:_Ethnicity_in_infoboxes) . Ahwiv (/wiki/User:Ahwiv) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Ahwiv) ) 14:43, 1 May 2017 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox_model#c-Ahwiv-2017-05-01T14:43:00.000Z-ethinicity) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2017-05-01T14:43:00.000Z","author":"Ahwiv","type":"comment","level":3,"id":"c-Ahwiv-2017-05-01T14:43:00.000Z-ethinicity","replies":[]}} Since it was removed from {{ Infobox person (/wiki/Template:Infobox_person) }} , it should be removed from this infobox too. -- Pankaj Jain Capankajsmilyo (/wiki/User:Capankajsmilyo) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Capankajsmilyo) · contribs (/wiki/Special:Contributions/Capankajsmilyo) · count (//tools.wmflabs.org/xtools-ec/?user=Capankajsmilyo&project=en.wikipedia.org) ) 02:25, 19 May 2017 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox_model#c-Capankajsmilyo-2017-05-19T02:25:00.000Z-ethinicity) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2017-05-19T02:25:00.000Z","author":"Capankajsmilyo","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Capankajsmilyo-2017-05-19T02:25:00.000Z-ethinicity","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Pris_La_Cil-2017-07-14T16:48:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Agency_\/_management-2017-07-14T16:48:00.000Z","replies":["c-Pris_La_Cil-2017-07-14T16:48:00.000Z-Agency_\/_management"],"text":"Agency \/ management","linkableTitle":"Agency \/ management"} Agency / management [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Pris_La_Cil-2017-07-14T16:48:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Agency_\/_management-2017-07-14T16:48:00.000Z","replies":["c-Pris_La_Cil-2017-07-14T16:48:00.000Z-Agency_\/_management"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Frietjes-2017-08-08T14:26:00.000Z-Pris_La_Cil-2017-07-14T16:48:00.000Z","timestamp":"2017-08-08T14:26:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__2__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__2__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Pris_La_Cil-2017-07-14T16:48:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Agency_\/_management-2017-07-14T16:48:00.000Z","replies":["c-Pris_La_Cil-2017-07-14T16:48:00.000Z-Agency_\/_management"],"text":"Agency \/ management","linkableTitle":"Agency \/ management"} Why is the agency parameter displayed as 'manager'? Two different jobs! Pris La Cil (/wiki/User:Pris_La_Cil) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Pris_La_Cil) ) 16:48, 14 July 2017 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox_model#c-Pris_La_Cil-2017-07-14T16:48:00.000Z-Agency_/_management) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2017-07-14T16:48:00.000Z","author":"Pris La Cil","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Pris_La_Cil-2017-07-14T16:48:00.000Z-Agency_\/_management","replies":["c-Frietjes-2017-08-08T14:26:00.000Z-Pris_La_Cil-2017-07-14T16:48:00.000Z"]}} fixed, it now selects the label based on the input (i.e. \|agency= vs \|agencies= vs \|manager= ). Frietjes (/wiki/User:Frietjes) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Frietjes) ) 14:26, 8 August 2017 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Infobox_model#c-Frietjes-2017-08-08T14:26:00.000Z-Pris_La_Cil-2017-07-14T16:48:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2017-08-08T14:26:00.000Z","author":"Frietjes","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Frietjes-2017-08-08T14:26:00.000Z-Pris_La_Cil-2017-07-14T16:48:00.000Z","replies":[]}} NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐dc899b7cc‐nrdl4 Cached time: 20240720180048 Cache expiry: 864000 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] DiscussionTools time usage: 0.038 seconds CPU time usage: 0.554 seconds Real time usage: 0.695 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1233/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 25646/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1713/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 16/100 Expensive parser function count: 20/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 18390/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.308/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3735943/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 565.257 1 -total 41.32% 233.577 1 Template:WikiProject_banner_shell 18.51% 104.621 1 Template:Archives 15.52% 87.739 1 Template:Old_AfD_multi 12.22% 69.066 1 Template:Talkquote 11.49% 64.972 1 Template:WikiProject_Infoboxes 11.27% 63.712 11 Template:Th/abp 11.25% 63.591 1 Template:WikiProject_Fashion 8.80% 49.752 1 Template:Convert 4.58% 25.913 9 Template:Tmpv Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:7675671-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720180048 and revision id 1232089137. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Infobox_model&oldid=1232089137 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Infobox_model&oldid=1232089137) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Template-Class fashion articles (/wiki/Category:Template-Class_fashion_articles) NA-importance fashion articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_fashion_articles)
British tailor and businessman John Emary Born 1810 or 1811 Lullingstone (/wiki/Lullingstone) , Kent (/wiki/Kent) , England Died England Occupation(s) Tailor, businessman Known for Founder of Aquascutum (/wiki/Aquascutum) Spouse Elizabeth Children 3 John Emary (born 1810 or 1811) was a British tailor and businessman, and the founder of the fashion brand Aquascutum (/wiki/Aquascutum) . Biography [ edit ] John Emary was born in Lullingstone (/wiki/Lullingstone) , Kent in either 1810 or 1811. [1] (#cite_note-familysearch.org-1) In 1851, Emary opened a menswear shop in London's Regent Street (/wiki/Regent_Street) . [2] (#cite_note-auto-2) [3] (#cite_note-independent.co.uk-3) Later in the 1850s, he patented a method of producing a water-repellent textile, and founded Aquascutum (/wiki/Aquascutum) , using the Latin aqua (water) and scutum (shield). [2] (#cite_note-auto-2) [3] (#cite_note-independent.co.uk-3) In the 1871 census, he was aged 60, and a "merchant tailor", living in Islington, with his wife Elizabeth, three children (Mary, George M, and Susan Meears), two grandchildren, sister-in-law and one servant. [1] (#cite_note-familysearch.org-1) In the late 1870s, Emary and his son George Moore Emary (1850-1937) handed over control of Aquascutum to Scantlebury & Commin. [2] (#cite_note-auto-2) [4] (#cite_note-Starmans2017-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "FamilySearch.org" (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VB6J-VH2) . Retrieved 12 December 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Kollewe, Julia (8 September 2009). "Aquascutum: History of a trendsetter" (https://www.theguardian.com/business/2009/sep/08/aquascutum-jaeger-history-trenchcoat) . the Guardian . Retrieved 19 February 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Aquascutum - the fashion retailer that clothed Crimean officers" (https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/news/aquascutum-the-fashion-retailer-that-clothed-crimean-officers-7654619.html) . independent.co.uk . 17 April 2012 . Retrieved 19 February 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-Starmans2017_4-0) Barbara J Starmans (30 April 2017). Tracing Your Ancestors' Lives: A Guide to Social History for Family Historians . Pen and Sword. p. 71. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4738-7974-4 . Retrieved 19 February 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "FamilySearch.org" (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:26RF-36C) . Retrieved 12 December 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "FamilySearch.org" (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:QVHL-6Z6J) . Retrieved 12 December 2023 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐57fb69d58b‐zk9sv Cached time: 20240709021115 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.275 seconds Real time usage: 0.410 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1809/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 13408/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1051/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 24591/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.159/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4819152/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 396.699 1 -total 37.38% 148.272 1 Template:Infobox_person 37.06% 147.018 1 Template:Reflist 31.11% 123.400 5 Template:Cite_web 18.81% 74.629 1 Template:Short_description 10.93% 43.360 2 Template:Pagetype 10.45% 41.453 1 Template:Wikidata_image 8.29% 32.875 17 Template:Main_other 5.72% 22.693 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 5.12% 20.292 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:56629399-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709021125 and revision id 1233438997. Rendering was triggered because: edit-page esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Emary&oldid=1233438997 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_Emary&oldid=1233438997) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : British retail company founders (/wiki/Category:British_retail_company_founders) 1810s births (/wiki/Category:1810s_births) People from Lullingstone (/wiki/Category:People_from_Lullingstone) People from Islington (district) (/wiki/Category:People_from_Islington_(district)) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from December 2023 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_December_2023) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Year of death unknown (/wiki/Category:Year_of_death_unknown)
American master tailor (1928–2024) Martin Greenfield Born Maxmilian Grünfeld ( 1928-08-09 ) August 9, 1928 Pavlovo (/wiki/Pavlovo,_Zakarpattia_Oblast) , First Czechoslovak Republic (/wiki/First_Czechoslovak_Republic) Died March 20, 2024 (2024-03-20) (aged 95) Manhasset, New York (/wiki/Manhasset,_New_York) , U.S. Occupation Tailor Years active 1947–2024 Spouse Arlene Bergen (m. 1956) Children 2 Martin Greenfield (born Maxmilian Grünfeld ; August 9, 1928 – March 20, 2024) was an American master tailor (/wiki/Master_tailor) , based in Brooklyn (/wiki/Brooklyn) , New York (/wiki/New_York_(state)) , specializing in men's suits. He was described as the best men's tailor in the United States. [1] (#cite_note-vanity_fair-1) His list of clients included six U.S. presidents (/wiki/President_of_the_United_States) , as well as other notable politicians and celebrities. His company, Martin Greenfield Clothiers , also has a white-label (/wiki/White-label_product) business, fashioning men's suits for clothing lines DKNY (/wiki/DKNY) and Rag & Bone (/wiki/Rag_%26_Bone) and the television show Boardwalk Empire (/wiki/Boardwalk_Empire) . [2] (#cite_note-success_story-2) Greenfield was a Holocaust survivor (/wiki/Holocaust_survivor) , having been imprisoned as a teenager at Auschwitz (/wiki/Auschwitz) where the rest of his immediate family were murdered. [2] (#cite_note-success_story-2) Early life [ edit ] Greenfield was born on August 9, 1928, [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-Sinatra-4) to a Jewish (/wiki/Jewish) family in Pavlovo (/wiki/Pavlovo,_Zakarpattia_Oblast) , [2] (#cite_note-success_story-2) a small village located in Carpathian Ruthenia (/wiki/Carpathian_Ruthenia) , on the southeastern tip of Czechoslovakia (/wiki/Czechoslovakia) in what is now Ukraine (/wiki/Ukraine) . At age 14, Greenfield was rounded up along with his father, mother, two sisters, brother, and grandparents. All were transported to Auschwitz concentration camp (/wiki/Auschwitz_concentration_camp) , [5] (#cite_note-designers_and_politicians-5) where his two sisters, infant brother, and grandparents were immediately sent to the gas chamber (/wiki/Gas_chamber) , followed shortly after by his mother, who was unable to let go of her baby. Greenfield's father died shortly before Auschwitz was liberated by Soviet soldiers (/wiki/Liberation_of_Auschwitz_concentration_camp) in January 1945, leaving him the only member of his family to survive the war. [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-JTA-obit-7) During his time in Auschwitz, Greenfield learned the power behind clothing. After being beaten for accidentally ripping a Nazi's shirt, he stole it, repaired it, and wore it underneath his uniform all throughout his time in the camp. Wearing the shirt made him realize that clothes possess power; this became an inspiration to Martin and helped him survive the Holocaust (/wiki/Holocaust) . This experience was a contributing factor to how he became one of the most successful and famous men's tailors of America. [8] (#cite_note-8) Near the end of World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) , Greenfield was moved along with other Auschwitz prisoners to the Buchenwald concentration camp (/wiki/Buchenwald_concentration_camp) . In April 1945, the American army stormed the camp, and liberated its prisoners. As the troops passed through the camp, Greenfield stopped a young rabbi (/wiki/Rabbi) who was serving as a U.S. Army chaplain (/wiki/United_States_military_chaplains) and asked him, " where was God? (/wiki/Holocaust_theology) " The rabbi, Herschel Schacter (/wiki/Herschel_Schacter) , later told Greenfield that he had never forgotten the question. [2] (#cite_note-success_story-2) When General Dwight D. Eisenhower (/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower) arrived to supervise the liberation Greenfield shook his hand; coincidentally, standing next to Greenfield at the time was Elie Wiesel (/wiki/Elie_Wiesel) , who would later become famous writing about his time in the concentration camps. [2] (#cite_note-success_story-2) Soon after the liberation, Greenfield and another teenage survivor set out to kill the wife of the mayor, who had previously had Greenfield beaten for trying to eat food intended for her pet rabbits (/wiki/Pet_rabbit) . When they found her, she was carrying her newborn baby, and Greenfield relented; he has described that moment as when he "became human again". [9] (#cite_note-9) Greenfield spent the next two years in Europe, looking for his remaining immediate family, unaware that they had all been killed. His father was killed one week before his camp was liberated. In 1947, at age 19, he boarded a ship to the United States, and stayed with wealthy relatives in Baltimore (/wiki/Baltimore) . [2] (#cite_note-success_story-2) Soon afterward, he moved to New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) , where an aunt of his lived. [5] (#cite_note-designers_and_politicians-5) Career [ edit ] In 1947, a Czech immigrant guided him to GGG Clothing, a clothing manufacturer in the East Williamsburg (/wiki/East_Williamsburg) neighborhood of Brooklyn (/wiki/Brooklyn) , where he was hired as a "floor boy". [2] (#cite_note-success_story-2) Over the next decade, his tailoring skills and reputation grew. His first major client, in the early 1950s, was General Eisenhower, then preparing to run for the presidency. [2] (#cite_note-success_story-2) In 1977, Greenfield bought GGG Clothing, and renamed it to Martin Greenfield Clothiers. The company would grow from six employees at the time to 117 by 2010. [5] (#cite_note-designers_and_politicians-5) Among Greenfield's list of clients are U.S. presidents Eisenhower, Bill Clinton (/wiki/Bill_Clinton) , Lyndon B. Johnson (/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson) , Gerald Ford (/wiki/Gerald_Ford) , Barack Obama (/wiki/Barack_Obama) , and Donald Trump (/wiki/Donald_Trump) ; General Colin Powell (/wiki/Colin_Powell) , celebrities Paul Newman (/wiki/Paul_Newman) , Leonardo DiCaprio (/wiki/Leonardo_DiCaprio) , Conan O'Brien (/wiki/Conan_O%27Brien) , Jimmy Fallon (/wiki/Jimmy_Fallon) , Johnny Depp (/wiki/Johnny_Depp) , and Ben Affleck (/wiki/Ben_Affleck) , Cardinal Edward Egan (/wiki/Edward_Egan) , athletes Patrick Ewing (/wiki/Patrick_Ewing) , Shaquille O'Neal (/wiki/Shaquille_O%27Neal) , LeBron James (/wiki/LeBron_James) , Carmelo Anthony (/wiki/Carmelo_Anthony) , and Wayne Gretzky (/wiki/Wayne_Gretzky) and New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) political figures Michael Bloomberg (/wiki/Michael_Bloomberg) and Ray Kelly (/wiki/Raymond_Kelly) . [2] (#cite_note-success_story-2) [5] (#cite_note-designers_and_politicians-5) [10] (#cite_note-thedailybeast.com-10) Greenfield and his company have served as the tailor for men's suits for fashion lines including DKNY, Brooks Brothers (/wiki/Brooks_Brothers) , Neiman Marcus (/wiki/Neiman_Marcus) , and Rag & Bone. [5] (#cite_note-designers_and_politicians-5) His company also created the suits for the 1920s-set HBO (/wiki/HBO) television show Boardwalk Empire . [5] (#cite_note-designers_and_politicians-5) Personal life [ edit ] Greenfield married Arlene Bergen in 1956. They had two sons, Jay and Tod. Both sons work at Martin Greenfield Clothiers, and Jay, his elder son, serves as executive vice president (/wiki/Executive_vice_president) . [5] (#cite_note-designers_and_politicians-5) His personal memoir, entitled Measure of a Man: From Auschwitz Survivor to Presidents' Tailor , was published in 2014. [11] (#cite_note-11) [10] (#cite_note-thedailybeast.com-10) Greenfield died at a hospital in Manhasset, New York (/wiki/Manhasset,_New_York) , on March 20, 2024, at age 95. [4] (#cite_note-Sinatra-4) [12] (#cite_note-WaPoObit-12) [13] (#cite_note-BBC_News-13) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-vanity_fair_1-0) Lynch, Matthew (November 2014). "Meet the Famed Holocaust-Surviving Tailor Who Snuck Advice to Eisenhower in His Suits" (http://www.vanityfair.com/unchanged/2014/11/presidents-tailor-martin-greenfield) . Vanity Fair (/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)) . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Martel, Ned (October 31, 2012). "Holocaust survivor tailors an American success story" (https://archive.today/20130620063310/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-10-31/politics/35500441_1_martin-greenfield-suit-president-obama) . The Washington Post . Archived from the original (https://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-10-31/politics/35500441_1_martin-greenfield-suit-president-obama) on June 20, 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Martel, Ned (November 5, 2012). "Holocaust documents reveal story behind Obama's tailor" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/arts-post/post/holocaust-documents-reveal-story-behind-obamas-tailor/2012/11/05/0cc40e68-2523-11e2-ac85-e669876c6a24_blog.html) . The Washington Post (/wiki/Washington_Post) . ^ Jump up to: a b Traub, Alex (March 20, 2024). "Martin Greenfield, Tailor to Sinatra, Obama, Trump and Shaq, Dies at 95" (https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/20/fashion/martin-greenfield-dead.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved March 20, 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Farmer, Ann (November 5, 2010). "A Tailor, Called Upon by Designers and Politicians" (https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/06/nyregion/06tailor.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Harrison, Donald H. (March 26, 2024). "Martin Greenfield, Holocaust Survivor Who Became Tailor to Presidents, Dies at 95" (https://www.sdjewishworld.com/2024/03/26/martin-greenfield-holocaust-survivor-who-became-tailor-to-presidents-dies-at-95/) . San Diego Jewish World . Retrieved March 27, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-JTA-obit_7-0) Silow-Carroll, Andrew (March 21, 2024). "Martin Greenfield, Auschwitz survivor and master tailor to American presidents, dies at 95" (https://www.jta.org/2024/03/21/obituaries/martin-greenfield-auschwitz-survivor-and-master-tailor-to-american-presidents-dies-at-95) . Jewish Telegraphic Agency (/wiki/Jewish_Telegraphic_Agency) . Retrieved March 27, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Waldman, Stacie. "From Auschwitz Survivor to Presidents' Tailor: The Story of Martin Greenfield" (http://web.archive.org/web/20150302060402/http://www.scarsdale10583.com/the-goods/4570-from-auschwitz-survivor-to-presidents-tailor-the-story-of-martin-greenfield) . Scarsdale . Stacie M. Waldman. Archived from the original (http://www.scarsdale10583.com/the-goods/4570-from-auschwitz-survivor-to-presidents-tailor-the-story-of-martin-greenfield) on March 2, 2015 . Retrieved February 28, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Holocaust survivor promised to kill his tormentor – what happened when they came face to face?" (http://www.glennbeck.com/2014/11/17/holocaust-survivor-promised-to-kill-his-tormentor-when-freed-what-happened-when-they-came-face-to-face) . GlennBeck.com. November 17, 2014. ^ Jump up to: a b Greenfield, Martin (December 5, 2014). "From Auschwitz to the White House: One Tailor's American Tale" (http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/12/05/from-auschwitz-to-the-white-house-one-tailor-s-american-tale.html) . The Daily Beast . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Greenfield, Martin (November 10, 2014). Measure of a Man: From Auschwitz Survivor to Presidents' Tailor . Simon and Schuster. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-62157-276-3 . OL (/wiki/OL_(identifier)) 34873858M (https://openlibrary.org/books/OL34873858M) . Retrieved March 25, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-WaPoObit_12-0) Langer, Emily (March 22, 2024). "Martin Greenfield, tailor to presidents and stars, dies at 95" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2024/03/22/martin-greenfield-tailor-auschwitz-dead/) . Washington Post . Retrieved March 25, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-BBC_News_13-0) Wright, George (March 21, 2024). "Martin Greenfield: Tailor who survived Auschwitz and dressed presidents dies" (https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-68625246) . BBC News . External links [ edit ] Martin Greenfield Clothiers (http://greenfieldclothiers.com/) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International FAST (http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1925658/) ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000437099833) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/310714067) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJxhjCPC6TVVcJkWpKxRrq) National Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/1061152626) Israel (http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007573244705171) United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2014061761) Czech Republic (https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0233605&CON_LNG=ENG) Poland (https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810540615405606) People Deutsche Biographie (https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd1061152626.html?language=en) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5b8f7f4b65‐xq46x Cached time: 20240623095040 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.431 seconds Real time usage: 0.552 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2477/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 36779/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1621/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 12/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 59281/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.284/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7594032/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 511.007 1 -total 33.35% 170.409 1 Template:Reflist 27.85% 142.330 1 Template:Infobox_person 19.00% 97.076 1 Template:Authority_control 16.73% 85.506 1 Template:Cite_magazine 13.45% 68.733 1 Template:Short_description 9.66% 49.376 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 9.33% 47.659 9 Template:Cite_news 7.63% 39.009 2 Template:Pagetype 6.56% 33.534 17 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:39720226-0!canonical and timestamp 20240623095040 and revision id 1218268802. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martin_Greenfield&oldid=1218268802 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martin_Greenfield&oldid=1218268802) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1928 births (/wiki/Category:1928_births) 2024 deaths (/wiki/Category:2024_deaths) American people of Slovak-Jewish descent (/wiki/Category:American_people_of_Slovak-Jewish_descent) Auschwitz concentration camp survivors (/wiki/Category:Auschwitz_concentration_camp_survivors) Buchenwald concentration camp survivors (/wiki/Category:Buchenwald_concentration_camp_survivors) Czechoslovak emigrants to the United States (/wiki/Category:Czechoslovak_emigrants_to_the_United_States) Jews from Carpathian Ruthenia (/wiki/Category:Jews_from_Carpathian_Ruthenia) People from Baltimore (/wiki/Category:People_from_Baltimore) People from Brooklyn (/wiki/Category:People_from_Brooklyn) People from Zakarpattia Oblast (/wiki/Category:People_from_Zakarpattia_Oblast) American tailors (/wiki/Category:American_tailors) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use mdy dates from March 2024 (/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_March_2024) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles with FAST identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_FAST_identifiers) Articles with ISNI identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_ISNI_identifiers) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_WorldCat_Entities_identifiers) Articles with GND identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_GND_identifiers) Articles with J9U identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_J9U_identifiers) Articles with LCCN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers) Articles with NKC identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_NKC_identifiers) Articles with PLWABN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_PLWABN_identifiers) Articles with DTBIO identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_DTBIO_identifiers)
See also: Category:Actresses from Maharashtra (/wiki/Category:Actresses_from_Maharashtra) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐859f69b7cf‐7fgjr Cached time: 20240709132610 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.027 seconds Real time usage: 0.041 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 24/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 368/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 7/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 326/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.012/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 626411/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 35.773 1 -total 100.00% 35.773 1 Template:See_also_cat 17.21% 6.157 1 Template:Category_see_also/Category_pair_check Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:55837912-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709132610 and revision id 827796500. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has only the following subcategory. M Female models from Mumbai (/wiki/Category:Female_models_from_Mumbai) ‎ (134 P) Pages in category "Female models from Maharashtra" The following 22 pages are in this category, out of 22 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Snigdha Akolkar (/wiki/Snigdha_Akolkar) B Sayali Bhagat (/wiki/Sayali_Bhagat) Soumya Bollapragada (/wiki/Soumya_Bollapragada) D Shibani Dandekar (/wiki/Shibani_Dandekar) Shobhaa De (/wiki/Shobhaa_De) E Fleur Ezekiel (/wiki/Fleur_Ezekiel) F Manjari Fadnis (/wiki/Manjari_Fadnis) Anjum Fakih (/wiki/Anjum_Fakih) H Hemal Ingle (/wiki/Hemal_Ingle) J Gayatri Joshi (/wiki/Gayatri_Joshi) K Gauri Karnik (/wiki/Gauri_Karnik) Neha Khan (/wiki/Neha_Khan) Tanvi Kishore (/wiki/Tanvi_Kishore) Nishigandha Kunte (/wiki/Nishigandha_Kunte) M Neha Mahajan (/wiki/Neha_Mahajan) Shruti Marathe (/wiki/Shruti_Marathe) N Hamsa Nandini (/wiki/Hamsa_Nandini) R Lopamudra Raut (/wiki/Lopamudra_Raut) S Madhu Sapre (/wiki/Madhu_Sapre) Kim Sharma (/wiki/Kim_Sharma) Supriya Karnik (/wiki/Supriya_Karnik) T Amrita Thapar (/wiki/Amrita_Thapar) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Female_models_from_Maharashtra&oldid=827796500 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Female_models_from_Maharashtra&oldid=827796500) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Indian female models by state or union territory (/wiki/Category:Indian_female_models_by_state_or_union_territory) Models from Maharashtra (/wiki/Category:Models_from_Maharashtra) Women from Maharashtra by occupation (/wiki/Category:Women_from_Maharashtra_by_occupation)
Georgian photographer Mamuka Kikalishvili Born November 15, 1971 ( 1971-11-15 ) (age 52) Occupation Georgian photographer Mamuka Kikalishvili (born November 15, 1971) is a Georgian fashion photographer (/wiki/Fashion_photographer) . His works has been featured in magazines such as L'Officiel (/wiki/L%27Officiel) ( Az (/wiki/Azerbaijan) ), Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) ( Ru (/wiki/Russia) ), Boutique ( Az (/wiki/Azerbaijan) ), Nargis (Az), etc. Since August 2013 he became head photographer of L'Officiel (/wiki/L%27Officiel) ( Az (/wiki/Azerbaijan) ). [1] (#cite_note-vrfashionmanagement-1) He is also the owner of fashion house "Atelier Kikala". Mamuka Kikalishvili is represented by the VR Fashion Management. Early life [ edit ] Kikalishvili was born on November 15, 1971, in Tbilisi (/wiki/Tbilisi) . Since his childhood, which he spent in Tbilisi (/wiki/Tbilisi) , he was having fun in his basement lab, developing and printing photos from his first film camera, photography became his favorite hobby. Kikalishvili studied on Faculty of Power Engineering and Telecommunications at Georgian Technical University (/wiki/Georgian_Technical_University) . He graduated in 2000 and became the Doktor nauk (/wiki/Doktor_nauk) of Engineering (/wiki/Engineering) Sciences (/wiki/Sciences) . [2] (#cite_note-tbiliselebi-2) Career [ edit ] Kikalishvili has an invitations from a variety of well-known magazines: Photo Vogue Italia, [3] (#cite_note-vogue-3) L'Officiel (/wiki/L%27Officiel) ( Az (/wiki/Azerbaijan) ), Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) ( Ru (/wiki/Russia) ), etc. He filmed such celebrities as Milla Jovovich (/wiki/Milla_Jovovich) , Nina Ananiashvili (/wiki/Nina_Ananiashvili) etc. He always dreamt about his own studio (/wiki/Studio) . He started readjusted his basement as studio (/wiki/Studio) . He went to Germany (/wiki/Germany) and purchased his first studio equipment. After visiting Germany (/wiki/Germany) , he opened a studio (/wiki/Studio) and named it under his nickname (/wiki/Nickname) – Kikala Studio. He established Kikala Studio, in 2006. One year later it became the most successful studio in Caucasus region (/wiki/Caucasus_region) . After his first works (Virgin suicide, Les Fleurs Du Mal, Butoh Garden), not only photos were liked by people on the Internet and forums, but the clothes also. Then he came to conclusion, to found fashion house (/wiki/Fashion_house) . In September 2012 he founded a fashion house (/wiki/Fashion_house) – ”Atelier Kikala”. Creative director (/wiki/Creative_director) in Atelier Kikala is Lado Bokuchava. [4] (#cite_note-buro247-4) Kikalishvili has become one of the photographers- contributors in Art+Commerce. Personal life [ edit ] Mamuka Kikalishvili is married to Natalia Kikalishvili. They have, three children: daughter Nino Kikalishvili, son Lado Kikalishvili and daughter Kesaria Kikalishvili. [5] (#cite_note-ptpress-5) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-vrfashionmanagement_1-0) "VR MANAGEMENT" (http://www.vrfashionmanagement.com/#!mamuka-kikalishvili/c11j9) . vrfashionmanagement.com . Retrieved 2014-08-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-tbiliselebi_2-0) "როგორ აიღო ენერგეტიკის სფეროში "ოსკარი" "თელასის" ყველაზე..." (http://tbiliselebi.ge/?mas_id=9188&rubr_id=2&%20Tbiliselebi) tbiliselebi.ge . Retrieved 2014-08-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-vogue_3-0) "PhotoVogue" (http://www.vogue.it/en/photovogue/Profilo/c29bfc85-d6ee-4c04-820e-e67fec5ab484/User) . vogue.it . Retrieved 2014-08-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-buro247_4-0) "Новое имя в моде: Ладо Бокучава, Грузия, Buro 24/7" (http://www.buro247.ru/fashion/our-choice/novoe-imya-v-mode-lado-bokuchava-gruziya.html) . buro247.ru. May 2013 . Retrieved 2014-08-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-ptpress_5-0) "მამუკა კიკალიშვილი - ფოტოგრაფის გზა ჰობიდან ბიზნესმენობამდეptpress.ge" (http://ptpress.ge/index.php?year=2016&magazine_id=-1&topic_id=5874#.U6FqtfldVe9) . ptpress.ge . Retrieved 2014-08-26 . Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) : Artists Photographers' Identities (https://pic.nypl.org/constituents/389694) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7c7f54645d‐mh26d Cached time: 20240627061821 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.316 seconds Real time usage: 0.437 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1911/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 15822/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1467/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 22/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 25815/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.224/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6062373/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 418.054 1 -total 37.79% 157.982 1 Template:Infobox_person 26.38% 110.292 1 Template:Reflist 23.08% 96.481 5 Template:Cite_web 20.00% 83.628 1 Template:Authority_control 17.95% 75.020 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 16.16% 67.572 1 Template:Birth-date_and_age 15.23% 63.680 1 Template:Short_description 13.24% 55.347 1 Template:Birth-date 8.73% 36.487 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:43079840-0!canonical and timestamp 20240627061821 and revision id 1162167040. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mamuka_Kikalishvili&oldid=1162167040 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mamuka_Kikalishvili&oldid=1162167040) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Fashion photographers (/wiki/Category:Fashion_photographers) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) 1971 births (/wiki/Category:1971_births) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles with PIC identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_PIC_identifiers)
American model Katie May Born Katie Beth May ( 1981-03-16 ) March 16, 1981 Pittsburgh (/wiki/Pittsburgh) , Pennsylvania (/wiki/Pennsylvania) , U.S. Died February 4, 2016 (2016-02-04) (aged 34) Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) , California (/wiki/California) , U.S. Occupation Model Years active 2005–2016 Children 1 Katie Beth May (March 16, 1981 – February 4, 2016) [1] (#cite_note-pgobit-1) was an American model (/wiki/Model_(person)) and businesswoman (/wiki/Businesswoman) . [2] (#cite_note-hupost-2) Dubbed "The Queen of Snapchat (/wiki/Snapchat) ", [2] (#cite_note-hupost-2) [3] (#cite_note-people-3) May was known as a social media (/wiki/Social_media) star and brand ambassador (/wiki/Brand_ambassador) before her death from a chiropractically-induced stroke (/wiki/Stroke) at age 34. [2] (#cite_note-hupost-2) Early life and education [ edit ] May was born in Pittsburgh (/wiki/Pittsburgh) , Pennsylvania (/wiki/Pennsylvania) , to Janet May and Joseph May, [1] (#cite_note-pgobit-1) both teachers. [2] (#cite_note-hupost-2) She was the youngest of four, with two sisters and a brother. [1] (#cite_note-pgobit-1) May described her upbringing as "very traditional working-American", with a "real emphasis in my house on education (/wiki/Education) , primarily the arts (/wiki/The_arts) and history (/wiki/History) ". [2] (#cite_note-hupost-2) She grew up in suburban Pleasant Hills, Pennsylvania (/wiki/Pleasant_Hills,_Pennsylvania) and attended Thomas Jefferson High School (/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson_High_School_(Jefferson_Hills,_Pennsylvania)) in Jefferson Hills (/wiki/Jefferson_Hills,_Pennsylvania) , where she was a cheerleader (/wiki/Cheerleader) . [1] (#cite_note-pgobit-1) [2] (#cite_note-hupost-2) From 1999 to 2003, May attended Ohio University (/wiki/Ohio_University) , where she earned a Bachelor of Science (/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science) degree in retail merchandising (/wiki/Retail_merchandising) . [1] (#cite_note-pgobit-1) Career [ edit ] In 2003, May, who had "dreams and wishes ... far from Pittsburgh" [2] (#cite_note-hupost-2) moved to Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) . She worked in public relations (/wiki/Public_relations) at Dolce & Gabbana (/wiki/Dolce_%26_Gabbana) prior to launching high-end (/wiki/High-end) denim (/wiki/Denim) line SINR Denim with boyfriend Alex Maimon. [4] (#cite_note-aunews-4) May then "broke out on her own", [1] (#cite_note-pgobit-1) co-founding May-Levy PR and Marketing, which operated from 2008 to 2012. [1] (#cite_note-pgobit-1) Subsequently, she served as vice president of strategic marketing at Gen Arts, an arts incubator based in Los Angeles. Per May, "Then that company was sold and I was unemployed without a penny to my name." [2] (#cite_note-hupost-2) In 2014, a photo shoot (/wiki/Photo_shoot) featuring May caught the attention of online magazine (/wiki/Magazine) Arsenic ; [1] (#cite_note-pgobit-1) subsequent shoots published by the magazine went viral (/wiki/Viral_phenomenon) . [1] (#cite_note-pgobit-1) [2] (#cite_note-hupost-2) Less than two years later, May, at the age of 34, had amassed nearly two million Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) followers [3] (#cite_note-people-3) and had been named "The Queen of Snapchat". [2] (#cite_note-hupost-2) [3] (#cite_note-people-3) In addition, May had modeled for such mainstream publications (/wiki/Mainstream_media) as Sports Illustrated (/wiki/Sports_Illustrated) , GQ (/wiki/GQ) , and Playboy (/wiki/Playboy) , [3] (#cite_note-people-3) and had acted as model for sports betting (/wiki/Sports_betting) company JetBet, with which she partnered. Said May, "I am letting my fans see the sexy campaign and billboards while at the same time letting them know that I'm an active and vocal part of the company." [1] (#cite_note-pgobit-1) Personal life [ edit ] May was a single mother. [2] (#cite_note-hupost-2) [3] (#cite_note-people-3) She cited her daughter as her source of motivation: "I had the most important person in my world, my daughter, to make proud each day and to remind me what I was working towards. Failure was not an option, not putting her in the best school was not an option, not living the lifestyle that I had dreamed of for us was not an option," she told Huffington Post (/wiki/Huffington_Post) in 2016. [2] (#cite_note-hupost-2) Death [ edit ] May tweeted (/wiki/Tweeted) on January 29, 2016 that she had pinched a nerve in her neck on a photoshoot and "got adjusted" at a chiropractor (/wiki/Chiropractor) . She tweeted on January 31, 2016 that she was "going back to the chiropractor tomorrow." [5] (#cite_note-people2-5) On the evening of February 1, 2016, May "had begun feeling numbness in a hand and dizzy", and "called her parents to tell them she thought she was going to pass out." At her family's urging, May went to Cedars Sinai Hospital (/wiki/Cedars_Sinai_Hospital) ; [1] (#cite_note-pgobit-1) she was found to be suffering a "massive stroke (/wiki/Stroke) ." [6] (#cite_note-hollife-6) According to her father, May "was not conscious when we got to finally see her the next day. We never got to talk to her again." Life support was withdrawn on February 4, 2016. [1] (#cite_note-pgobit-1) A coroner (/wiki/Coroner) 's report confirmed that the stroke was the result of the chiropractor's neck adjustment, which tore her left vertebral artery (/wiki/Vertebral_artery) . The coroner's office ruled it an accident. [7] (#cite_note-7) In 2017, a lawsuit, which included claims of wrongful death and professional negligence, was filed against the chiropractor by May's father in Los Angeles Superior Court. [8] (#cite_note-8) The case was settled in January 2022 for $250,000 without acknowledgement of any wrongdoing. [9] (#cite_note-9) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l Hamill, Sean D. (March 31, 2016). "Obituary: Katie May" (http://www.post-gazette.com/news/obituaries/2016/03/31/Obituary-Katie-May-The-Queen-of-Snapchat-was-Pleasant-Hills-native/stories/201603310136) . Pittsburgh Post-Gazette (/wiki/Pittsburgh_Post-Gazette) . Retrieved August 16, 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l Denmon, Nicholas (January 16, 2016). "Katie May: A Single Mom's Journey to Royalty" (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/nicholas-denmon/katie-may-a-single-moms-j_b_9057972.html) . Huffington Post (/wiki/Huffington_Post) . Retrieved 2016-08-16 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Mazziotta, Julie (February 4, 2016). "Playboy Model Katie May Dead at 34 After Suffering a Stroke, Her Brother Confirms" (http://www.people.com/people/package/article/0,,20981907_20985060,00.html) . People (/wiki/People_(magazine)) . Retrieved 2016-08-17 . ^ (#cite_ref-aunews_4-0) "Queen of Snapchat, Katie May dies after suffering a stroke" (http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/celebrity-life/queen-of-snapchat-katie-may-suffers-stroke-and-is-in-a-critical-condition-in-hospital-in-la/news-story/b495d195c715fec66cf17a35937c23c2) . news.com.au (/wiki/News.com.au) . February 5, 2016 . Retrieved 2016-08-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-people2_5-0) Mazziotta, Julie (February 5, 2016). "Playboy Model Saw Chiropractor for Neck Pain Prior to Deadly Stroke but Not Medical Doctor, Family Says" (http://www.people.com/article/katie-may-model-stroke-saw-chiropractor) . People (/wiki/People_(magazine)) . Retrieved 2016-08-17 . ^ (#cite_ref-hollife_6-0) Boon, Jon (February 6, 2016). "Katie May's Final Hours Revealed: How Family & Friends Said Their Last Goodbyes" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160826104518/http://hollywoodlife.com/2016/02/06/katie-may-family-goodbye-hospital-death-stroke-interview/) . Hollywood Life (/wiki/Hollywood_Life) . Archived from the original (http://hollywoodlife.com/2016/02/06/katie-may-family-goodbye-hospital-death-stroke-interview/) on 2016-08-26 . Retrieved 2016-08-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Shepherd, Ken (19 October 2016). "Katie May, Playboy model, died due to injury from chiropractor visit: Report" (http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/oct/19/katie-may-playboy-model-died-due-injury-chiropract/) . The Washington Times (/wiki/The_Washington_Times) . Retrieved 20 October 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Playboy Model Katie May's Estate Seeks '7-Figure' Payout After She Died from Chiropractor Adjustment" (https://sg.news.yahoo.com/estate-former-playboy-model-katie-174919765.html) . sg.news.yahoo.com . Retrieved 2022-09-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Suit by minor daughter of late 'Snapchat Queen' ends with $250,000 settlement" (https://wehoville.com/2022/01/21/suit-by-minor-daughter-of-late-snapchat-queen-ends-with-250000-settlement/) . WEHOville . 2022-01-21 . Retrieved 2022-09-24 . External links [ edit ] "Katie May Forever" stroke awareness page (https://www.katiemayforever.org) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5b8f7f4b65‐s2kp7 Cached time: 20240623113001 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.298 seconds Real time usage: 0.398 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2215/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 22255/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1241/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 40221/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.183/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6212076/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 373.740 1 -total 40.66% 151.962 1 Template:Reflist 36.59% 136.740 1 Template:Infobox_person 32.74% 122.374 7 Template:Cite_web 18.34% 68.547 1 Template:Short_description 11.80% 44.102 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 9.94% 37.141 2 Template:Pagetype 9.01% 33.670 16 Template:Main_other 6.60% 24.681 1 Template:Birth_date 4.99% 18.637 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:50337662-0!canonical and timestamp 20240623113001 and revision id 1179169319. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Katie_May&oldid=1179169319 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Katie_May&oldid=1179169319) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1981 births (/wiki/Category:1981_births) 2016 deaths (/wiki/Category:2016_deaths) Accidental deaths in California (/wiki/Category:Accidental_deaths_in_California) Businesspeople from Pittsburgh (/wiki/Category:Businesspeople_from_Pittsburgh) Female models from Pittsburgh (/wiki/Category:Female_models_from_Pittsburgh) Ohio University alumni (/wiki/Category:Ohio_University_alumni) 20th-century American businesspeople (/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_businesspeople) 20th-century American women (/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_women) 21st-century American women (/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_women) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards)
Australian clothing store chain This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Witchery_(company)) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Witchery" company (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Witchery%22+company) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Witchery%22+company+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Witchery%22+company&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Witchery%22+company+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Witchery%22+company) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Witchery%22+company&acc=on&wc=on) ( April 2013 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Witchery is an Australian fashion label specialising in women's clothing, shoes and accessories. Part of the Country Road Group (/wiki/Country_Road_(retailer)) , Witchery operates stores across mainland Australia, New Zealand and concession stores in Myer (/wiki/Myer) , David Jones (/wiki/David_Jones_Limited) , and Woolworths South Africa (/wiki/Woolworths_(South_Africa)) . Based in Burnley, Victoria (/wiki/Burnley,_Victoria) , Australia (/wiki/Australia) , [1] (#cite_note-1) the company has its flagship store located at Chadstone Shopping Centre (/wiki/Chadstone_Shopping_Centre) , a suburb of Melbourne (/wiki/Melbourne) , Australia. The company is a supporter for Ovarian Cancer Australia. Acquisition [ edit ] In 2012, Country Road (/wiki/Country_Road_(retailer)) purchased Witchery Group for $172 million. [2] (#cite_note-2) The takeover created one of Australia's biggest speciality apparel retailers, with 517 stores and $679 million in annual sales. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "New retail home in Melbourne secures 1,500 jobs" (https://economicdevelopment.vic.gov.au/about-us/news/new-retail-home-in-melbourne-secures-1,500-jobs) . economicdevelopment.vic.gov.au . Retrieved 31 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Country Road buys Witchery for $172m" (http://www.smh.com.au/business/country-road-buys-witchery-for-172m-20120801-23fkm.html) . The Sydney Morning Herald. 18 August 2012 . Retrieved 21 April 2013 . External links [ edit ] Witchery (http://www.witchery.com.au/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐94pln Cached time: 20240715033105 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.209 seconds Real time usage: 0.291 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 559/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 15433/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1008/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 9732/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.129/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3997632/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 271.361 1 -total 37.35% 101.351 1 Template:Reflist 32.32% 87.694 2 Template:Cite_web 25.91% 70.299 1 Template:Short_description 24.07% 65.321 1 Template:More_citations_needed 23.19% 62.934 1 Template:Ambox 13.71% 37.214 2 Template:Pagetype 8.15% 22.127 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates 6.94% 18.841 4 Template:Main_other 6.54% 17.743 2 Template:DMCA Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:29508792-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715033105 and revision id 1175182991. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Witchery_(company)&oldid=1175182991 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Witchery_(company)&oldid=1175182991) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing retailers of Australia (/wiki/Category:Clothing_retailers_of_Australia) Clothing brands of Australia (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_of_Australia) Australian brands (/wiki/Category:Australian_brands) Australian subsidiaries of foreign companies (/wiki/Category:Australian_subsidiaries_of_foreign_companies) Companies based in Melbourne (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Melbourne) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from February 2014 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_February_2014) Use Australian English from February 2014 (/wiki/Category:Use_Australian_English_from_February_2014) All Wikipedia articles written in Australian English (/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_Australian_English) Articles needing additional references from April 2013 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_April_2013) All articles needing additional references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references)
Submission declined on 26 June 2024 by SafariScribe (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:SafariScribe) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:SafariScribe) ). This submission is not adequately supported by reliable sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:RS) . Reliable sources are required so that information can be verified (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . If you need help with referencing, please see Referencing for beginners (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) and Citing sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) . This draft's references do not show that the subject qualifies for a Wikipedia article (/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(organizations_and_companies)) . In summary, the draft needs multiple published sources that are: in-depth (not just brief mentions about the subject or routine announcements) reliable secondary strictly independent of the subject Make sure you add references that meet all four of these criteria before resubmitting. Learn about mistakes to avoid (/wiki/Wikipedia:Common_sourcing_mistakes_(notability)) when addressing this issue. If no additional references exist, the subject is not suitable for Wikipedia. If you would like to continue working on the submission, click on the "Edit" tab at the top of the window. If you have not resolved the issues listed above, your draft will be declined again and potentially deleted. If you need extra help, please ask us a question at the AfC Help Desk or get live help (/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC_help_disclaimer) from experienced editors. Please do not remove reviewer comments or this notice until the submission is accepted. Where to get help If you need help editing or submitting your draft , please ask us a question at the AfC Help Desk or get live help (/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC_help_disclaimer) from experienced editors. These venues are only for help with editing and the submission process, not to get reviews. If you need feedback on your draft , or if the review is taking a lot of time, you can try asking for help on the talk page (/wiki/Help:Talk_pages) of a relevant WikiProject (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject#Finding_a_project) . Some WikiProjects are more active than others so a speedy reply is not guaranteed. How to improve a draft Wikipedia:Contributing to Wikipedia (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contributing_to_Wikipedia) – a basic overview on how to edit Wikipedia. Help:Wikitext (/wiki/Help:Wikitext) – how to use the markup Help:Referencing for beginners (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) – how to include references Wikipedia:Article development (/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_development) – how to develop your article Wikipedia:Writing better articles (/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles) – how to improve your article Wikipedia:Verifiability (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) – make sure your article includes reliable (/wiki/Wikipedia:RS) third-party sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:IS) You can also browse Wikipedia:Featured articles (/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_articles) and Wikipedia:Good articles (/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles) to find examples of Wikipedia's best writing on topics similar to your proposed article. Improving your odds of a speedy review To improve your odds of a faster review, tag your draft with relevant WikiProject (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject) tags using the button below. This will let reviewers know a new draft has been submitted in their area of interest. For instance, if you wrote about a female astronomer, you would want to add the Biography , Astronomy , and Women scientists tags. Add tags to your draft Editor resources Find sources: Google (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Carlo+Rino+Group+Berhad%22) ( books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Carlo+Rino+Group+Berhad%22+-wikipedia) · news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Carlo+Rino+Group+Berhad%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Carlo+Rino+Group+Berhad%22) · free images (https://www.google.com/search?safe=off&tbs=sur:fmc&tbm=isch&q=%22Carlo+Rino+Group+Berhad%22+-site:wikipedia.org+-site:wikimedia.org) · WP refs (https://www.google.com/custom?hl=en&cx=007734830908295939403%3Agalkqgoksq0&cof=FORID%3A13%3BAH%3Aleft%3BCX%3AWikipedia%2520Reference%2520Search&q=%22Carlo+Rino+Group+Berhad%22) ) · FENS (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Carlo+Rino+Group+Berhad%22&acc=on&wc=on) · TWL (https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/search/?q=%22Carlo+Rino+Group+Berhad%22) Easy tools : Citation bot (https://citations.toolforge.org/process_page.php?edit=automated_tools&slow=1&page=Draft:Carlo_Rino_Group_Berhad) ( help (/wiki/User:Citation_bot/use) ) \| Advanced: Fix bare URLs (https://tools.wmflabs.org/refill/result.php?page=Draft:Carlo_Rino_Group_Berhad&defaults=y) Declined by SafariScribe (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:SafariScribe) 26 days ago. Last edited by Allewikiwriter (/w/index.php?title=User:Allewikiwriter&action=edit&redlink=1) 14 days ago. Reviewer: Inform author (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Allewikiwriter&action=edit&editintro=Template:AfC_submission/user_talk_editintro_declined&preload=Template:AfC_submission/user_talk_preload_declined&preloadtitle=Your+submission+at+%5B%5BWP%3AAfC%7CArticles+for+creation%5D%5D&section=new) . Resubmit Please note that if the issues are not fixed, the draft will be declined again. Submission declined. This submission does not appear to be written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article (/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Information_style_and_tone) . Entries should be written from a neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) , and should refer to a range of independent, reliable, published sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) . Please rewrite your submission in a more encyclopedic format. Please make sure to avoid peacock terms (/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Puffery) that promote the subject. The reviewer(s) who declined this submission will be listed in the page history (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Carlo_Rino_Group_Berhad&action=history) . Submission declined on 26 April 2024 by CNMall41 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:CNMall41) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:CNMall41) ). This draft's references do not show that the subject qualifies for a Wikipedia article (/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(organizations_and_companies)) . In summary, the draft needs multiple published sources that are: in-depth (not just brief mentions about the subject or routine announcements) reliable secondary strictly independent of the subject Make sure you add references that meet all four of these criteria before resubmitting. Learn about mistakes to avoid (/wiki/Wikipedia:Common_sourcing_mistakes_(notability)) when addressing this issue. If no additional references exist, the subject is not suitable for Wikipedia. Declined by CNMall41 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:CNMall41) 2 months ago. Comment: Remove unreliable sources from the draft. Safari Scribe (/wiki/User:SafariScribe) Edits! Talk! 15:23, 26 June 2024 (UTC) Comment: See WP:COI (/wiki/Wikipedia:COI) . External links (/wiki/Wikipedia:External_link) should also be removed or converted to inline citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:IC) where appropriate. Greenman (/wiki/User:Greenman) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Greenman) ) 11:13, 20 May 2024 (UTC) Malaysian fashion brand Carlo Rino Group Berhad (KLSE: CRG 03016) is a fashion brand (/wiki/Fashion_brand) headquartered in Kuala Lumpur (/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur) , Malaysia. [1] (#cite_note-1) . As of 2024, Carlo Rino operates 41 stand-alone boutiques in Malaysia (/wiki/Malaysia) [2] (#cite_note-2) . The company markets products under two brands: Carlo Rino, which includes handbags (/wiki/Handbag) , wallets, footwear (/wiki/Footwear) , and fashion accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) , and C.Rino, which specializes in sunglasses (/wiki/Sunglasses) [3] (#cite_note-3) . History [ edit ] The Carlo Rino brand was launched in 1986 by Chiang Sang Sem who started the business of designing, manufacturing (/wiki/Manufacturing) , and wholesaling (/wiki/Wholesaling) leather goods [4] (#cite_note-4) . Listing on Bursa Malaysia [ edit ] In 2018, Carlo Rino Group was listed on the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (now Bursa Malaysia (/wiki/Bursa_Malaysia) ), and is publicly traded as KLSE: CRG (03016). In the same year, Dato’ Sri Chiang Fong Yee was appointed as Group Managing Director [5] (#cite_note-5) , overseeing the company's operations and strategic direction. Store Developments [ edit ] In 2024, the company announced the construction of a new 8-storey flagship store located at Jalan Imbi, Kuala Lumpur [6] (#cite_note-6) . Key People [ edit ] Dato' Sri Chiang Fong Yee (Group Managing Director) International Collaborations [ edit ] In 2022, Carlo Rino partnered with Warner Bros. (/wiki/Warner_Bros.) for Looney Tunes (/wiki/Looney_Tunes) [7] (#cite_note-7) , a cartoon-themed collection featuring characters like Bugs Bunny (/wiki/Bugs_Bunny) , Tweety (/wiki/Tweety) , and Daffy Duck (/wiki/Daffy_Duck) , and also launched the "80 Years of Tweety" collection [8] (#cite_note-8) . In 2023, a Harry Potter (/wiki/Harry_Potter) -themed edition was released in collaboration with Warner Bros (/wiki/Warner_Bros.) . [9] (#cite_note-9) In 2024, they launched the Powerpuff Girls (/wiki/The_Powerpuff_Girls) special edition in collaboration with Warner Bros (/wiki/Warner_Bros.) . [10] (#cite_note-10) Special Collaborations In 2024, they collaborated with Malaysian actress Hannah Delisha for the Spring Summer Raya Collection x Hannah Delisha [11] (#cite_note-11) Financial Performance [ edit ] The total revenue for 2023 was 113 million Ringgit Malaysia (/wiki/Malaysian_ringgit) . [12] (#cite_note-12) In 2024, Carlo Rino Group Berhad filed for an initial public offering (/wiki/Initial_public_offering) (IPO) to raise funds for transferring its listing to the Bursa Saham ACE Market from the LEAP Market. [13] (#cite_note-13) Carlo Rino Scholarship [ edit ] In 2023, Carlo Rino partnered with University of Malaya (/wiki/University_of_Malaya) to provide financial assistance to students pursuing higher education in the field of arts. [14] (#cite_note-14) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Carlo Rino Group Bhd, CRG:KLS profile - FT.com" (https://markets.ft.com/data/equities/tearsheet/profile?s=CRG:KLS) . markets.ft.com . Retrieved 2024-06-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Kamaruddin, Faiqah (2024-04-16). "Carlo Rino to build 8-storey flagship store on Jalan Imbi \| New Straits Times" (https://www.nst.com.my/business/corporate/2024/04/1038490/carlo-rino-build%C2%A08-storey-flagship-store-jalan-imbi) . NST Online . Retrieved 2024-06-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "CRG - CARLO RINO GROUP BERHAD (03016) : Company Profile" (https://www.bursamalaysia.com/trade/trading_resources/listing_directory/company-profile?stock_code=03016) . www.bursamalaysia.com . Retrieved 2024-06-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "The Chiang Family controls and manages Bonia Group" (https://www.sparrowsph.my/blog/the-chiang-family-controls-and-manages-bonia-group.html) . Array . Retrieved 2024-06-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "William Chiang, Managing Director of CRG Incorporated Berhad" (https://www.theceomagazine.com/executive-interviews/apparel-accessories/william-chiang/) . The CEO Magazine . Retrieved 2024-06-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Kamaruddin, Faiqah (2024-04-16). "Carlo Rino to build 8-storey flagship store on Jalan Imbi \| New Straits Times" (https://www.nst.com.my/business/corporate/2024/04/1038490/carlo-rino-build%C2%A08-storey-flagship-store-jalan-imbi) . NST Online . Retrieved 2024-06-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Ihsan, Syida Lizta Amirul (2022-06-28). "#FASHION: Carlo Rino drops Looney Tunes collection \| New Straits Times" (https://www.nst.com.my/lifestyle/flair/2022/06/808883/fashion-carlo-rino-drops-looney-tunes-collection) . NST Online . Retrieved 2024-06-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Team, Pamper Editorial (2022-11-01). "Carlo Rino Celebrates Tweety's 80th Anniversary with an Understated Chic Collection" (https://www.pamper.my/news/lifestyle/fashion/carlo-rino-tweety-collection/) . Pamper.My . Retrieved 2024-06-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Dogliani, Daniela (2023-08-04). "Enchanting Elegance: Unleash Your Inner Wizard With The Extraordinary Harry Potter Collection By Carlo Rino" (https://hype.my/2023/342894/enchanting-elegance-unleash-your-inner-wizard-with-the-extraordinary-harry-potter-collection-by-carlo-rino/) . Hype MY . Retrieved 2024-06-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Lee, William KC (5 Mar 2024). "Accessories brand Carlo Rino unveils charming collection in tribute to 'Powerpuff Girls' (https://www.malaymail.com/news/life/2024/03/05/accessories-brand-carlo-rino-unveils-charming-collection-in-tribute-to-powerpuff-girls/121511) " (https://www.malaymail.com/news/life/2024/03/05/accessories-brand-carlo-rino-unveils-charming-collection-in-tribute-to-powerpuff-girls/121511) . The Malay Mail (/wiki/The_Malay_Mail) . Retrieved 25 Jun 2024 . {{ cite news (/wiki/Template:Cite_news) }} : CS1 maint: url-status ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_url-status) ) ^ (#cite_ref-11) Ain, Farah (2024-03-22). "Gaya Raya Chic: Pelengkap OOTD Bersama Carlo Rino" (https://eh.my/artikel/fesyen/gaya-raya-chic-pelengkap-ootd-bersama-carlo-rino/) . EH! . Retrieved 2024-06-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Carlo Rino Group Berhad First Half 2023 Earnings: EPS: RM0.013 (vs RM0.006 in 1H 2022)" (https://finance.yahoo.com/news/carlo-rino-group-berhad-first-225111626.html) . Yahoo Finance . 2023-02-28 . Retrieved 2024-06-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Carlo Rino files draft prospectus for listing transfer to ACE Market" (https://theedgemalaysia.com/node/708062) . The Edge Malaysia . 2024-04-16 . Retrieved 2024-06-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Carlo Rino Partners With University Malaya In Latest CSR Initiative To Support Young Artists" (http://mrem.bernama.com/v2/viewpress.php?idm=43908) . mrem.bernama.com . 16 Aug 2022 . Retrieved 2024-06-26 . External links [ edit ] www.carlorino.net/my (https://www.carlorino.net/my) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐ff98d5cb5‐zn28m Cached time: 20240722160030 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, vary‐user, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.369 seconds Real time usage: 0.519 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2573/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 130725/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 8312/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 23/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 64167/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.202/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7049993/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 463.276 1 -total 53.40% 247.402 3 Template:AFC_submission 49.19% 227.896 3 Template:AfC_submission/declined 47.79% 221.391 3 Template:Ombox 34.80% 161.241 1 Template:Reflist 28.72% 133.049 13 Template:Cite_web 20.89% 96.767 1 Template:AfC_submission/helptools 20.38% 94.423 4 Template:Hidden 8.81% 40.823 1 Template:Find_sources 5.73% 26.534 3 Template:Time_ago Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:76742333-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722160030 and revision id 1233289056. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Carlo_Rino_Group_Berhad&oldid=1233289056 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Carlo_Rino_Group_Berhad&oldid=1233289056) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : AfC submissions by date/26 June 2024 (/wiki/Category:AfC_submissions_by_date/26_June_2024) AfC submissions by date/20 May 2024 (/wiki/Category:AfC_submissions_by_date/20_May_2024) AfC submissions by date/26 April 2024 (/wiki/Category:AfC_submissions_by_date/26_April_2024) Draft articles on business and economics (/wiki/Category:Draft_articles_on_business_and_economics) AfC submissions on organisations existing today (/wiki/Category:AfC_submissions_on_organisations_existing_today) Hidden categories: CS1 maint: url-status (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_url-status) AfC submissions declined as lacking reliable third-party sources (/wiki/Category:AfC_submissions_declined_as_lacking_reliable_third-party_sources) AfC submissions declined as a non-notable organization (/wiki/Category:AfC_submissions_declined_as_a_non-notable_organization) Declined AfC submissions (/wiki/Category:Declined_AfC_submissions) AfC submissions declined as not written in a neutral point of view (/wiki/Category:AfC_submissions_declined_as_not_written_in_a_neutral_point_of_view)
(Redirected from Como La Flor (fragrance) (/w/index.php?title=Como_La_Flor_(fragrance)&redirect=no) ) Boutique and beauty salon founded by the late American singer Selena (1994–2009) Selena Etc. Company type Clothing store hair salon (/wiki/Hair_salon) nail salon (/wiki/Nail_salon) Industry Fashion Founded Corpus Christi (/wiki/Corpus_Christi,_Texas) , Texas (/wiki/Texas) , U.S. (January 27, 1994 ( 1994-01-27 ) ) Founder Selena Quintanilla-Pérez (/wiki/Selena) Defunct July 1, 2009 ( 2009-07-01 ) Area served Texas Key people Yolanda Saldívar (/wiki/Yolanda_Sald%C3%ADvar) (Former manager) Products Clothing hair products (/wiki/Hair_products) Owner Selena Quintanilla Pérez (/wiki/Selena) Selena Etc. was a South Texas (/wiki/South_Texas) -based boutique (/wiki/Boutique) and beauty salon (/wiki/Beauty_salon) , which was founded and owned by the late American singer, Selena (/wiki/Selena) . [1] (#cite_note-caller1-1) Selena Etc. finished its building on January 27, 1994, in Corpus Christi (/wiki/Corpus_Christi,_Texas) , Texas (/wiki/Texas) , [2] (#cite_note-2) which was the headquarters. Selena opened another boutique in San Antonio (/wiki/San_Antonio) , Texas, around the same time the headquarters building was complete; both were equipped with in-house beauty salons. [1] (#cite_note-caller1-1) Among the employees there was the president of her fan club, Yolanda Saldívar (/wiki/Yolanda_Sald%C3%ADvar) , who had been promoted to manager of her two boutiques, as well as controlling Selena's business checking accounts. [3] (#cite_note-Yolanda-3) However, she would lose this position after several employees began to approach Selena's father, Abraham Quintanilla (/wiki/Abraham_Quintanilla) , and they informed him that they had overdue payments on their payrolls, so upon initiating an investigation in this regard, Quintanilla was convinced that Saldívar was embezzling money. [3] (#cite_note-Yolanda-3) On March 9, 1995, Abraham, Selena, and her sister Suzette confronted Saldívar and accused her of stealing money from the boutiques and the fan club, firing her immediately, although Selena continued to contact her due to the fact that she had several financial documents in her possession that she needed to have back. [3] (#cite_note-Yolanda-3) Another boutique was planned to open in Monterrey (/wiki/Monterrey) , Mexico (/wiki/Mexico) , in 1995, but on March 31 of that year, Saldívar would murder Selena (/wiki/Murder_of_Selena) by shooting her in the back after asking her to meet at the Days Inn motel in order to return her the financial records and documents she still had. [3] (#cite_note-Yolanda-3) After her death, Chris Pérez (/wiki/Chris_P%C3%A9rez) , Selena's widower, took over the business. The San Antonio boutique was closed sometime after 1999. [1] (#cite_note-caller1-1) After the 16th anniversary of the opening of the Corpus Christi boutique, the store was officially closed as of July 1, 2009. [1] (#cite_note-caller1-1) [4] (#cite_note-4) A week after the store closed, Pérez placed a " for sale (/wiki/Foreclosure) " sign in front of the building. The appraised price of the land and structure was USD (/wiki/US_Dollars) $91,454 [1] (#cite_note-caller1-1) [5] (#cite_note-itejano1-5) according to the Nueces County Appraisal District (/wiki/Nueces_County,_Texas) . Perez' asking price for the property was $165,000. [1] (#cite_note-caller1-1) [5] (#cite_note-itejano1-5) The Selena Etc. store had a full-service salon, as well as Selena memorabilia. They also sold jewelry, hats and other accessories. [1] (#cite_note-caller1-1) Soon after the foreclosure, due to the low economy, [6] (#cite_note-6) all merchandise and accessories began selling at the "Selena Museum", located several miles from where the Selena Etc. building once was. [1] (#cite_note-caller1-1) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Chirinos, Fanny S. (October 13, 2011). "Selena Etc. Boutique closes its doors » Corpus Christi Caller-Times" (http://www.caller.com/news/2009/jun/29/selena-etc-closes/) . Caller.com . Retrieved October 20, 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Selena Etc Inc – Corpus Christi" (http://www.insiderpages.com/b/3721597890) . Insiderpages.com . Retrieved October 20, 2011 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Russian, Ale (December 4, 2020). "How Yolanda Saldívar's Obsession With Selena Turned Deadly" (https://www.biography.com/news/yolanda-saldivar-selena-quintanilla-death) . Biography . Retrieved March 27, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Alvarez, Alejandra. "Bidi Bidi NO NO: Corpus Christi's Selena Boutique Closing" (https://archive.today/20120722025447/http://guanabee.com/2009/03/corpus-selena-boutique-closing/) . Guanabee.com. Archived from the original (http://guanabee.com/2009/03/corpus-selena-boutique-closing/) on July 22, 2012 . Retrieved October 20, 2011 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Selena Etc. Boutique Closes" (https://web.archive.org/web/20091218022911/http://www.itejano.com/selena-etc-boutique-closes/) . Itejano.com. June 30, 2009. Archived from the original (http://www.itejano.com/selena-etc-boutique-closes/) on December 18, 2009 . Retrieved October 20, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Boutique named after slain Tejano singer Selena closes – Houston Chronicle" (http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/front/6507420.html?plckFindCommentKey=CommentKey:b1fc099e-7c09-4b51-b564-10c1760a8256) . Houston Chronicle . July 1, 2009 . Retrieved October 20, 2011 . v t e Selena (/wiki/Selena) Albums discography (/wiki/Selena_albums_discography) Singles discography (/wiki/Selena_singles_discography) Songs (/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_Selena) Videography (/wiki/Selena_videography) Awards (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Selena) Studio albums Selena (/wiki/Selena_(album)) Ven Conmigo (/wiki/Ven_Conmigo_(album)) Entre a Mi Mundo (/wiki/Entre_a_Mi_Mundo) Amor Prohibido (/wiki/Amor_Prohibido) Dreaming of You (/wiki/Dreaming_of_You_(Selena_album)) Soundtrack albums Selena: The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack (/wiki/Selena_(soundtrack)) Selena: The Series Soundtrack (/wiki/Selena:_The_Series#Soundtrack) Live albums Selena Live! (/wiki/Selena_Live!) Live! The Last Concert (/wiki/Selena_Live!_The_Last_Concert) Unforgettable: The Live Album (/wiki/Unforgettable_(Selena_album)) Selena ¡Vive! (/wiki/Selena_%C2%A1Vive!#Album) Remix albums Siempre Selena (/wiki/Siempre_Selena) Anthology (/wiki/Anthology_(Selena_album)) Enamorada de Ti (/wiki/Enamorada_de_Ti) Moonchild Mixes (/wiki/Moonchild_Mixes) Compilation albums 16 Super Exitos Originales (/wiki/16_Super_Exitos_Originales) Mis Mejores Canciones – 17 Super Éxitos (/wiki/Mis_Mejores_Canciones_%E2%80%93_17_Super_%C3%89xitos) 12 Super Éxitos (/wiki/12_Super_%C3%89xitos) Las Reinas del Pueblo (/wiki/Las_Reinas_del_Pueblo) Éxitos y Recuerdos (/wiki/%C3%89xitos_y_Recuerdos) All My Hits: Todos Mis Éxitos (/wiki/All_My_Hits:_Todos_Mis_%C3%89xitos) All My Hits: Todos Mis Éxitos Vol. 2 (/wiki/All_My_Hits:_Todos_Mis_%C3%89xitos_Vol._2) Ones (/wiki/Ones_(album)) Greatest Hits (/wiki/Greatest_Hits_(Selena_album)) Momentos Intimos (/wiki/Momentos_Intimos) Unforgettable (/wiki/Unforgettable_(Selena_album)) Dos Historias (/wiki/Dos_Historias) Through the Years / A Traves de los Años (/wiki/Through_the_Years_/_A_Traves_de_los_A%C3%B1os) La Leyenda (/wiki/La_Leyenda) Lo Mejor de Selena (/wiki/Lo_Mejor_de...Selena) Video albums Selena Remembered (/wiki/Selena_Remembered) Live! The Last Concert (/wiki/Selena_LIVE!_The_Last_Concert) Performances (/wiki/Performances_(Selena_video)) Family Abraham Quintanilla (/wiki/Abraham_Quintanilla) (father) A.B. Quintanilla (/wiki/A.B._Quintanilla) (brother) Chris Pérez (/wiki/Chris_P%C3%A9rez) (husband) Related articles Selena y Los Dinos (/wiki/Selena_y_Los_Dinos) Fiesta de la Flor (/wiki/Fiesta_de_la_Flor) Mirador de la Flor (/wiki/Mirador_de_la_Flor) To Selena, with Love (/wiki/To_Selena,_with_Love) Q-Productions (/wiki/Q-Productions) Selena Etc. Selena Forever (/wiki/Selena_Forever) Selena ¡VIVE! (/wiki/Selena_%C2%A1VIVE!) Selenidad (/wiki/Selenidad) Murder of Selena (/wiki/Murder_of_Selena) El secreto de Selena (/wiki/Selena%27s_Secret) Yolanda Saldívar (/wiki/Yolanda_Sald%C3%ADvar) Trial of Yolanda Saldívar (/wiki/Trial_of_Yolanda_Sald%C3%ADvar) Selena (/wiki/Selena_(film)) Selena: The Series (/wiki/Selena:_The_Series) Corpus: A Home Movie About Selena (/wiki/Corpus:_A_Home_Movie_About_Selena) Ricky Vela (/wiki/Ricky_Vela) Pete Astudillo (/wiki/Pete_Astudillo) Category (/wiki/Category:Selena) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐5564fbc95c‐zd47k Cached time: 20240716040143 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.358 seconds Real time usage: 0.462 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2061/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 36908/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4521/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 20/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 34283/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.230/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4986062/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 418.143 1 -total 29.54% 123.538 1 Template:Reflist 25.01% 104.597 1 Template:Infobox_company 24.70% 103.297 6 Template:Cite_web 22.63% 94.609 1 Template:Selena 22.59% 94.455 1 Template:Infobox 22.13% 92.541 1 Template:Navbox_musical_artist 17.11% 71.559 1 Template:Short_description 9.50% 39.703 2 Template:Pagetype 4.95% 20.705 7 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:22272875-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716040143 and revision id 1226513263. Rendering was triggered because: unknown esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Selena_Etc.&oldid=1226513263 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Selena_Etc.&oldid=1226513263) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Selena (/wiki/Category:Selena) Defunct retail companies of the United States (/wiki/Category:Defunct_retail_companies_of_the_United_States) Online clothing retailers of the United States (/wiki/Category:Online_clothing_retailers_of_the_United_States) Companies based in Corpus Christi, Texas (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Corpus_Christi,_Texas) American companies established in 1993 (/wiki/Category:American_companies_established_in_1993) Retail companies established in 1993 (/wiki/Category:Retail_companies_established_in_1993) Retail companies disestablished in 2003 (/wiki/Category:Retail_companies_disestablished_in_2003) 1993 establishments in Texas (/wiki/Category:1993_establishments_in_Texas) 2009 disestablishments in Texas (/wiki/Category:2009_disestablishments_in_Texas) Defunct companies based in Texas (/wiki/Category:Defunct_companies_based_in_Texas) Defunct online companies of the United States (/wiki/Category:Defunct_online_companies_of_the_United_States) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use mdy dates from October 2011 (/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_October_2011)
(Redirected from Wedding dress of Birgitte van Deurs Henriksen (/w/index.php?title=Wedding_dress_of_Birgitte_van_Deurs_Henriksen&redirect=no) ) Member of the British royal family Birgitte Duchess of Gloucester (/wiki/Duchess_of_Gloucester) ( more (#Honours_and_arms) ) Birgitte in 2015 Born Birgitte Eva van Deurs Henriksen ( 1946-06-20 ) 20 June 1946 (age 78) Odense (/wiki/Odense) , Denmark Spouse Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester (/wiki/Prince_Richard,_Duke_of_Gloucester) ( m. 1972 ) Issue (/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)) Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster (/wiki/Alexander_Windsor,_Earl_of_Ulster) Lady Davina Windsor (/wiki/Lady_Davina_Windsor) Lady Rose Gilman (/wiki/Lady_Rose_Gilman) House (/wiki/Dynasty) Windsor (/wiki/House_of_Windsor) (by marriage) Father Asger Henriksen Mother Vivian van Deurs Royal family of (/wiki/British_royal_family) the United Kingdom (/wiki/British_royal_family) and the other Commonwealth realms (/wiki/Commonwealth_realm) The King (/wiki/Charles_III) The Queen (/wiki/Queen_Camilla) The Prince of Wales (/wiki/William,_Prince_of_Wales) The Princess of Wales (/wiki/Catherine,_Princess_of_Wales) Prince George of Wales (/wiki/Prince_George_of_Wales) Princess Charlotte of Wales (/wiki/Princess_Charlotte_of_Wales_(born_2015)) Prince Louis of Wales (/wiki/Prince_Louis_of_Wales) The Duke of Sussex (/wiki/Prince_Harry,_Duke_of_Sussex) The Duchess of Sussex (/wiki/Meghan,_Duchess_of_Sussex) Prince Archie of Sussex (/wiki/Prince_Archie_of_Sussex) Princess Lilibet of Sussex (/wiki/Princess_Lilibet_of_Sussex) The Princess Royal (/wiki/Anne,_Princess_Royal) The Duke of York (/wiki/Prince_Andrew,_Duke_of_York) Princess Beatrice (/wiki/Princess_Beatrice) Princess Eugenie (/wiki/Princess_Eugenie) The Duke of Edinburgh (/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Edinburgh) The Duchess of Edinburgh (/wiki/Sophie,_Duchess_of_Edinburgh) The Duke of Gloucester (/wiki/Prince_Richard,_Duke_of_Gloucester) The Duchess of Gloucester The Duke of Kent (/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Kent) The Duchess of Kent (/wiki/Katharine,_Duchess_of_Kent) Princess Alexandra (/wiki/Princess_Alexandra,_The_Honourable_Lady_Ogilvy) Prince Michael of Kent (/wiki/Prince_Michael_of_Kent) Princess Michael of Kent (/wiki/Princess_Michael_of_Kent) v t e Birgitte, Duchess of Gloucester (born Birgitte Eva van Deurs Henriksen ; 20 June 1946) is a Danish-born member of the British royal family (/wiki/British_royal_family) . She is married to Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester (/wiki/Prince_Richard,_Duke_of_Gloucester) , a grandson of King George V (/wiki/George_V) . Early life and education [ edit ] Birgitte was born Birgitte Eva van Deurs Henriksen, in Odense (/wiki/Odense) , Denmark (/wiki/Denmark) , the younger daughter of Asger Preben Wissing Henriksen, a lawyer, and his wife, Vivian van Deurs. She was educated in Odense and at finishing schools (/wiki/Finishing_school) in Lausanne (/wiki/Lausanne) and Cambridge (/wiki/Cambridge) . [1] (#cite_note-royal-1) She took her mother's ancestral name van Deurs on 15 January 1966, after her parents' separation. [2] (#cite_note-surname-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) After completing a three-year course in Commercial and Economic Studies (/wiki/Economics) in Copenhagen (/wiki/Copenhagen) , she moved back to the United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) in 1971 to work as a secretary at the Royal Danish Embassy (/wiki/Embassy_of_Denmark,_London) in London. [1] (#cite_note-royal-1) Marriage and family [ edit ] The Duke and Duchess of Gloucester Van Deurs Henriksen first met Prince Richard of Gloucester (/wiki/Prince_Richard,_Duke_of_Gloucester) , the younger son of Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester (/wiki/Prince_Henry,_Duke_of_Gloucester) , and Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester (/wiki/Princess_Alice,_Duchess_of_Gloucester) , in the late 1960s in Cambridge, where he attended university. In February 1972, their engagement was announced. [1] (#cite_note-royal-1) They married on 8 July 1972 at St Andrew's Church, Barnwell, Northamptonshire (/wiki/Barnwell,_Northamptonshire) . [1] (#cite_note-royal-1) The bride's wedding dress was designed by Norman Hartnell (/wiki/Norman_Hartnell) . It was constructed of Swiss (/wiki/Switzerland) organdie (/wiki/Organdie) , with a high collar, a simple skirt, long sleeves and a small train. Instead of wearing a tiara, she wore stephanotis (/wiki/Stephanotis) flowers on her hair which secured the veil. [4] (#cite_note-4) Upon marriage, she assumed the style Her Royal Highness Princess Richard of Gloucester . Six weeks after their wedding, Prince Richard's elder brother, Prince William of Gloucester (/wiki/Prince_William_of_Gloucester) , was killed in a flying accident. Prince Richard unexpectedly became heir apparent (/wiki/Heir_apparent) to the dukedom (/wiki/Duke) and upon his father's death in 1974, the couple became the Duke and Duchess of Gloucester. [1] (#cite_note-royal-1) The couple have three children: Alexander (/wiki/Alexander_Windsor,_Earl_of_Ulster) (born 1974), Davina (/wiki/Lady_Davina_Windsor) (born 1977), and Rose (/wiki/Lady_Rose_Gilman) (born 1980). They were born at St Mary's Hospital, London (/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Hospital,_London) . [1] (#cite_note-royal-1) The Duke and Duchess officially reside at Kensington Palace (/wiki/Kensington_Palace) . [5] (#cite_note-standardmeetprinceharryand-5) Activities [ edit ] The Duchess in Brisbane (/wiki/Brisbane) , 1979 The Duchess of Gloucester has accompanied the Duke of Gloucester on his official visits overseas: her first visit was in 1973, when they represented the Queen (/wiki/Elizabeth_II) at the 70th birthday celebrations of King Olav V of Norway (/wiki/Olav_V_of_Norway) . [6] (#cite_note-PublicRole-6) Other joint visits have included Australia (/wiki/Australia) , Belgium (/wiki/Belgium) , China (/wiki/China) , Denmark (/wiki/Denmark) , Gibraltar (/wiki/Gibraltar) , Hong Kong (/wiki/Hong_Kong) , Israel (/wiki/Israel) , Japan (/wiki/Japan) , Luxembourg (/wiki/Luxembourg) , Nepal (/wiki/Nepal) , New Zealand (/wiki/New_Zealand) , Norway (/wiki/Norway) , the Philippines (/wiki/Philippines) , Portugal (/wiki/Portugal) , Saudi Arabia (/wiki/Saudi_Arabia) , Singapore (/wiki/Singapore) , Solomon Islands (/wiki/Solomon_Islands) , South Africa (/wiki/South_Africa) , Spain (/wiki/Spain) , Sweden (/wiki/Sweden) , Tonga (/wiki/Tonga) , Tunisia (/wiki/Tunisia) and the United States (/wiki/United_States) . [6] (#cite_note-PublicRole-6) Birgitte has also travelled overseas in support of her own patronages and military units, including a visit to Iraq (/wiki/Iraq) in December 2008. [6] (#cite_note-PublicRole-6) She and her husband represented the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh (/wiki/Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh) at the state funeral of King Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV of Tonga (/wiki/T%C4%81ufa%CA%BB%C4%81hau_Tupou_IV) on 19 September 2006. [7] (#cite_note-7) They also represented the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh at the coronation of King George Tupou V of Tonga (/wiki/George_Tupou_V) on 1 August 2008 in Nukuʻalofa (/wiki/Nuku%CA%BBalofa) . [8] (#cite_note-8) The Duke and Duchess riding in the Scottish State Coach (/wiki/Scottish_State_Coach) with Vice Admiral Sir Timothy Laurence (/wiki/Sir_Timothy_Laurence) following the coronation (/wiki/Coronation_of_Charles_III_and_Camilla) on 6 May 2023 Birgitte is sponsor (/wiki/Ceremonial_ship_launching#United_Kingdom) of two Royal Navy (/wiki/Royal_Navy) ships: HMS (/wiki/HMS_Gloucester_(D96)) Gloucester and HMS (/wiki/EML_Admiral_Cowan) Sandown . She is also the royal patron of the Bermuda Regiment. She is patron of SeeAbility (/wiki/SeeAbility) , a charity for people with learning disabilities and sight loss; The Lullaby Trust (/wiki/The_Lullaby_Trust) , a baby charity aiming to prevent unexpected deaths in infancy and promote infant health; and Music in Hospitals & Care. [9] (#cite_note-9) She regularly attends functions at schools of which she is president or patron: St Paul's Cathedral School (/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Cathedral_School) ; the Friends of St Paul's Cathedral; [10] (#cite_note-10) the Cathedral Music Trust; [11] (#cite_note-11) St John's School, Leatherhead (/wiki/St_John%27s_School,_Leatherhead) ; [12] (#cite_note-12) Bridewell Royal Hospital ( King Edward's School, Witley (/wiki/King_Edward%27s_School,_Witley) ); the Royal Alexandra and Albert School (/wiki/Royal_Alexandra_and_Albert_School) ; [13] (#cite_note-13) the Children's Society (/wiki/The_Children%27s_Society) ; [14] (#cite_note-14) Parkinson's UK (/wiki/Parkinson%27s_UK) ; [15] (#cite_note-15) Hope for Youth Northern Ireland; [16] (#cite_note-16) Scottish Opera (/wiki/Scottish_Opera) ; [17] (#cite_note-17) Lawn Tennis Association (/wiki/Lawn_Tennis_Association) ; [18] (#cite_note-18) the Royal School of Needlework (/wiki/Royal_School_of_Needlework) ; [19] (#cite_note-19) Turn2us (/wiki/Turn2us) ; [20] (#cite_note-20) Missing People (/wiki/Missing_People) ; [21] (#cite_note-21) and Princess Helena College (/wiki/Princess_Helena_College) . After the death of Diana, Princess of Wales (/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales) , Birgitte became president of the Royal Academy of Music (/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Music) . [22] (#cite_note-22) She is also the patron of Prostate Cancer UK (/wiki/Prostate_Cancer_UK) , [23] (#cite_note-23) and in March 2006, she opened the Prostate Centre. [24] (#cite_note-24) Honours and arms [ edit ] See also: List of honours of the British royal family by country (/wiki/List_of_honours_of_the_British_royal_family_by_country) 1973: Royal Family Order of Queen Elizabeth II (/wiki/Royal_Family_Order_of_Queen_Elizabeth_II) [25] (#cite_note-official-25) 1975: Dame of Justice of the Order of St. John (/wiki/Venerable_Order_of_Saint_John) (DStJ) [26] (#cite_note-26) 1975: Service Medal of the Order of St John (/wiki/Service_Medal_of_the_Order_of_St_John) [27] (#cite_note-tat-27) 1977: Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal (/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II_Silver_Jubilee_Medal) [27] (#cite_note-tat-27) 1978: Solomon Islands Independence Medal (/wiki/Solomon_Islands_Independence_Medal) [27] (#cite_note-tat-27) 1989: Dame Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (/wiki/Royal_Victorian_Order) (GCVO) [25] (#cite_note-official-25) 2002: Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee Medal (/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II_Golden_Jubilee_Medal) [27] (#cite_note-tat-27) 2012: Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal (/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II_Diamond_Jubilee_Medal) [25] (#cite_note-official-25) 2022: Queen Elizabeth II Platinum Jubilee Medal (/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II_Platinum_Jubilee_Medal) [28] (#cite_note-28) 2023: King Charles III Coronation Medal (/wiki/King_Charles_III_Coronation_Medal) [29] (#cite_note-29) 23 April 2024: Royal Lady Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter (/wiki/Order_of_the_Garter) (LG) [30] (#cite_note-30) Foreign [ edit ] Tonga: Dame Grand Cross of the Royal Order of the Crown of Tonga (/wiki/Order_of_the_Crown_of_Tonga) (1 August 2008) [31] (#cite_note-31) Mexico: Sash of the Order of the Aztec Eagle (/wiki/Order_of_the_Aztec_Eagle) (3 March 2015) [32] (#cite_note-32) Honorary military appointments [ edit ] Australia Colonel-in-Chief, of the Royal Australian Army Educational Corps [1] (#cite_note-royal-1) Bermuda Colonel-in-Chief, of the Royal Bermuda Regiment (/wiki/Royal_Bermuda_Regiment) [1] (#cite_note-royal-1) Canada Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Canadian Dental Corps (/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Dental_Corps) (January 2006 – present) [33] (#cite_note-33) New Zealand Colonel-in-Chief, of the Royal New Zealand Army Educational Corps [1] (#cite_note-royal-1) United Kingdom Colonel-in-Chief (/wiki/Colonel-in-Chief) , of the Royal Army Dental Corps (/wiki/Royal_Army_Dental_Corps) [1] (#cite_note-royal-1) Colonel-in-Chief, of the Adjutant General's Corps (/wiki/Adjutant_General%27s_Corps) [34] (#cite_note-34) (2023–present; Deputy Colonel-in-Chief 1992–2023 [1] (#cite_note-royal-1) [35] (#cite_note-35) ) Royal Colonel, of the 7th (V) Battalion The Rifles (/wiki/The_Rifles) [1] (#cite_note-royal-1) Lady Sponsor, of HMS (/wiki/HMS_Gloucester_(D96)) Gloucester [36] (#cite_note-Lady_Sponsor-36) Lady Sponsor, of HMS (/wiki/EML_Admiral_Cowan) Sandown [36] (#cite_note-Lady_Sponsor-36) Non-national titles and honours [ edit ] 2005: Liveryman of the Worshipful Company of Fan Makers (/wiki/Worshipful_Company_of_Fan_Makers) [37] (#cite_note-37) Arms [ edit ] Coat of arms of the Duchess of Gloucester Notes The coat of arms (/wiki/Coat_of_arms) of the Duchess of Gloucester, depicting her husband's armorial bearings surmounted by an escutcheon of pretence granted to her by Royal Warrant. [38] (#cite_note-arms-38) Adopted 18 July 1973 Coronet Coronet (/wiki/Coronet) of a grandchild of the sovereign. Escutcheon The Duke of Gloucester's arms and in the centre an escutcheon of pretence Azure a lapwing proper, on a chief Or two pairs of ostrich feathers in saltire Sable [38] (#cite_note-arms-38) Supporters The Royal Supporters differenced with the like coronet and label. Orders The Garter (/wiki/Order_of_the_Garter) circlet (/wiki/Circlet) ; motto: Honi soit qui mal y pense (/wiki/Honi_soit_qui_mal_y_pense) (Shame be to him who thinks evil of it) . Banner Banner of her arms as Royal Lady Companion of the Garter depicted at St George's Chapel (/wiki/St_George%27s_Chapel,_Windsor_Castle) Previous versions The Duchess of Gloucester's previous arms featuring the circlet of the Royal Victorian Order (1989−2024) Issue [ edit ] Name Birth Marriage Issue Alexander Windsor, Earl of Ulster (/wiki/Alexander_Windsor,_Earl_of_Ulster) 24 October 1974 22 June 2002 Claire Booth Xan Windsor, Lord Culloden Lady Cosima Windsor Lady Davina Windsor (/wiki/Lady_Davina_Windsor) 19 November 1977 31 July 2004 Divorced 2018 Gary Lewis Senna Lewis Tāne Lewis Lady Rose Gilman (/wiki/Lady_Rose_Gilman) 1 March 1980 19 July 2008 George Gilman Lyla Gilman Rufus Gilman References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l "The Duchess of Gloucester" (https://www.royal.uk/the-duchess-of-gloucester) . The Royal Family. 13 November 2015 . Retrieved 24 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-surname_2-0) Name change is mentioned in parish register of Th. Kingo, Odense (Regional Archive, Odense) ^ (#cite_ref-3) https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/news/celebs-tv/who-accidental-duchess-gloucester-unsung-8081853 (https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/news/celebs-tv/who-accidental-duchess-gloucester-unsung-8081853) ^ (#cite_ref-4) "The 22 Most Gorgeous Royal Wedding Tiara Moments of All Time (slide 18)" (http://www.harpersbazaar.com.sg/life/celebrities/gorgeous-royal-wedding-tiara-moments-ever/?slide=18) . Harper's Bazaar Singapore. 28 March 2018 . Retrieved 15 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-standardmeetprinceharryand_5-0) Hampson, Laura (8 December 2017). "Meet Prince Harry and Meghan Markle's new neighbours - the royals who live in Kensington Palace" (https://www.standard.co.uk/lifestyle/london-life/who-lives-in-kensington-palace-houses-a3713141.html) . London Evening Standard . Retrieved 12 December 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "The Duchess of Gloucester – Public role" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120920215216/http://www.royal.gov.uk/ThecurrentRoyalFamily/TheDuchessofGloucester/Publicrole.aspx) . Official website of the Royal Family. Archived from the original (http://www.royal.gov.uk/ThecurrentRoyalFamily/TheDuchessofGloucester/Publicrole.aspx) on 20 September 2012 . Retrieved 11 September 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Tonga Mourns King's Death" (https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/tonga-mourns-kings-death/2/) . CBS News . Retrieved 25 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "His Majesty King George Tupou V of Tonga" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/royalty-obituaries/9151791/His-Majesty-King-George-Tupou-V-of-Tonga.html) . The Daily Telegraph . 18 March 2012 . Retrieved 25 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Meet MiHC Office Staff and Patrons across the UK" (https://mihc.org.uk/about/our-people/) . Music in Hospitals & Care. 27 July 2017 . Retrieved 5 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "A Royal Celebration of St Paul's Friends and Benefactors" (https://www.stpauls.co.uk/news-press/latest-news/a-royal-celebration-of-st-pauls-friends-and-benefactors) . St Paul's Cathedral. 13 July 2016 . Retrieved 25 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "HRH The Duchess of Gloucester becomes Royal Patron for Cathedral Music Trust" (https://cathedralmusictrust.org.uk/CMT/News/Articles/HRH-The-Duchess-of-Gloucester-becomes-Royal-Patron.aspx) . Cathedral Music Trust . 24 January 2022 . Retrieved 24 January 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Royal Visit" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180526112819/https://www.stjohnsleatherhead.co.uk/View-News-Plustweets.aspx?id=195) . St John's School, Leatherhead. 5 March 2014. Archived from the original (https://www.stjohnsleatherhead.co.uk/View-News-Plustweets.aspx?id=195) on 26 May 2018 . Retrieved 25 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Our Royal Heritage" (http://www.gattonfoundation.org.uk/royal-heritage.asp) . Royal Alexandra and Albert School . Retrieved 25 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "HRH The Duchess of Gloucester visits The Children's Society in Manchester" (https://web.archive.org/web/20200727000430/https://www.childrenssociety.org.uk/news-and-blogs/press-releases/hrh-the-duchess-of-gloucester-gcvo-visits-the-children%E2%80%99s-society-in) . The Children's Society. 1 October 2015. Archived from the original (https://www.childrenssociety.org.uk/news-and-blogs/press-releases/hrh-the-duchess-of-gloucester-gcvo-visits-the-children%E2%80%99s-society-in) on 27 July 2020 . Retrieved 25 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "The Duchess of Gloucester, Patron" (https://www.parkinsons.org.uk/about-us/duchess-gloucester-patron) . Parkinson's UK . Retrieved 25 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "HRH The Duchess of Gloucester attends 'Hope for Youth Northern Ireland' gala dinner at Belfast City Hall" (https://www.gov.uk/government/news/hrh-the-duchess-of-gloucester-attends-hope-for-youth-northern-ireland-gala-dinner-at-belfast-city-hall) . GOV.UK. 21 March 2012 . Retrieved 25 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "The Board of Scottish Opera" (https://www.scottishopera.org.uk/about-us/the-board-of-scottish-opera/) . Retrieved 25 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Lawn Tennis Association pays tribute to Her Majesty The Queen" (https://www.lta.org.uk/news/general-news/2016/december/lta-pays-tribute-to-her-majesty-the-queen/#) . Lawn Tennis Association. 20 December 2016 . Retrieved 25 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Royal School of Needlework" (https://royal-needlework.org.uk/) . Retrieved 11 June 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Thank you" (https://www.turn2us.org.uk/About-Us/Media-Centre/Annual-Reports/Thank-you) . Turn2us . Retrieved 22 July 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Our Patrons and Ambassadors" (https://www.missingpeople.org.uk/about-the-charity/who-we-are/our-patrons-and-ambassadors) . Missing People . Retrieved 7 December 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "About us - Governing Body" (https://web.archive.org/web/20190410204049/https://www.ram.ac.uk/about-us/about-the-academy/management/governing-body) . Royal Academy of Music. Archived from the original (https://www.ram.ac.uk/about-us/about-the-academy/management/governing-body) on 10 April 2019 . Retrieved 15 December 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Prostate Research receives royal attention" (http://www.prnewswire.co.uk/news-releases/prostate-research-receives-royal-attention-155545315.html) . PR Newswire. 4 March 2003 . Retrieved 26 May 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "About The Prostate Centre" (http://www.theprostatecentre.com/about-the-prostate-centre/) . The Prostate Centre . Retrieved 26 May 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "The Duchess of Gloucester: Honours" (https://web.archive.org/web/20131011021918/http://www.royal.gov.uk/ThecurrentRoyalFamily/TheDuchessofGloucester/Honours.aspx) . Royal Household. Archived from the original (http://www.royal.gov.uk/ThecurrentRoyalFamily/TheDuchessofGloucester/Honours.aspx) on 11 October 2013 . Retrieved 1 January 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "No. 46574" (https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/46574/page/6404) . The London Gazette (/wiki/The_London_Gazette) . 16 May 1975. p. 6404. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Image (https://i.pinimg.com/originals/63/4a/c9/634ac916de4f7767735f8b59b1e58e0b.jpg) pinimg.com ^ (#cite_ref-28) Longstaff, Emma (27 April 2023). "What medals are the royal family wearing?" (https://www.homesandantiques.com/antiques/royal-family-medals) . Homes & Antiques . Retrieved 19 January 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) "Honours, Decorations and Medals" (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/64cb653b2322ce000dcd23b7/Coronation_Medal_eligibility_criteria.docx) . gov.uk . Retrieved 19 January 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) Milss, Rhiannon (23 April 2024). "King recognises Queen and Prince William in honours list and creates new role for Kate, Princess of Wales" (https://news.sky.com/story/king-recognises-queen-and-prince-william-in-honours-list-and-creates-new-role-for-kate-princess-of-wales-13121607) . Sky News . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240423152048/https://news.sky.com/story/king-recognises-queen-and-prince-william-in-honours-list-and-creates-new-role-for-kate-princess-of-wales-13121607) from the original on 23 April 2024 . Retrieved 23 April 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "Royal orders presented at Palace" (https://matangitonga.to/2008/08/01/royal-orders-presented-palace) . Matangi Tonga Online. 1 August 2008 . Retrieved 26 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) "TRH THE PRINCE OF WALES AND THE DUCHESS OF CORNWALL AWARDED WITH THE MEXICAN ORDER OF THE AZTEC EAGLE" (https://embamex.sre.gob.mx/reinounido/index.php/en/ver-comunicados/761-hrh-the-prince-of-wales-was-awarded-with-the-mexican-order-of-the-aztec-eagle) . Official website of the Mexican Embassy in the United Kingdom . Retrieved 11 April 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "Colonel-In-Chief of the CFDS" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120923053519/http://www.forces.gc.ca/health-sante/au-sn/bio/cic-ds-sd-eng.asp) . National Defence and the Canadian Forces. Archived from the original (http://www.forces.gc.ca/health-sante/au-sn/bio/cic-ds-sd-eng.asp) on 23 September 2012 . Retrieved 25 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "Further Military Appointments for Members of the Royal Family" (https://www.royal.uk/news-and-activity/2023-08-11/further-military-appointments-for-members-of-the-royal-family) . The Royal Family . 11 August 2023 . Retrieved 11 August 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) "No. 52834" (https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/52834/supplement/2582) . The London Gazette (2nd supplement). 13 February 1992. p. 2582. ^ Jump up to: a b Ilse, Jess (30 June 2021). "What is a royal ship sponsor?" (https://royalcentral.co.uk/uk/cambridge/what-is-a-royal-ship-sponsor-162481/) . Royal Central . Retrieved 30 June 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-37) Jones, Tony (13 February 2024). "Fans fan Camilla made Honorary Liveryman in special ceremony" (https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/camilla-the-queen-queen-city-of-london-clarence-house-b1138981.html) . Evening Standard . Retrieved 13 February 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b Boutell, Charles; Brooke-Little, John Philip (1978). Boutell's Heraldry (8th (revised) ed.). Frederick Warne. p. 226. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780723220961 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Birgitte, Duchess of Gloucester (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Birgitte,_Duchess_of_Gloucester) . The Duchess of Gloucester (https://www.royal.uk/the-duchess-of-gloucester) at the Royal Family website Portraits of Birgitte, Duchess of Gloucester (https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person.php?LinkID=mp59017) at the National Portrait Gallery, London (/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London) Birgitte, Duchess of Gloucester (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm4452225/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Orders of precedence in the United Kingdom (/wiki/Orders_of_precedence_in_the_United_Kingdom) Preceded by Zara Tindall (/wiki/Zara_Tindall) Ladies (/wiki/United_Kingdom_order_of_precedence) HRH The Duchess of Gloucester Succeeded by The Duchess of Kent (/wiki/Katharine,_Duchess_of_Kent) v t e British princesses by marriage (/wiki/British_princess#List_of_princesses_by_marriage_since_1714) The generations include wives of princes descended from George I (/wiki/George_I_of_Great_Britain) , who formalised the use of the titles prince and princess for members of the British royal family. 1st generation Princess Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach (/wiki/Caroline_of_Ansbach) 2nd generation Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (/wiki/Princess_Augusta_of_Saxe-Gotha) 3rd generation Maria Walpole (/wiki/Maria_Walpole) Anne Luttrell (/wiki/Anne_Horton) 4th generation Duchess Caroline of Brunswick (/wiki/Caroline_of_Brunswick) Princess Frederica Charlotte of Prussia (/wiki/Princess_Frederica_Charlotte_of_Prussia) Princess Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen (/wiki/Adelaide_of_Saxe-Meiningen) Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (/wiki/Princess_Victoria_of_Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld) Duchess Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (/wiki/Frederica_of_Mecklenburg-Strelitz) Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel (/wiki/Princess_Augusta_of_Hesse-Kassel) The Princess Mary (/wiki/Princess_Mary,_Duchess_of_Gloucester_and_Edinburgh) * 5th generation Princess Marie of Saxe-Altenburg (/wiki/Marie_of_Saxe-Altenburg) 6th generation Princess Alexandra of Denmark (/wiki/Alexandra_of_Denmark) Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia (/wiki/Grand_Duchess_Maria_Alexandrovna_of_Russia) Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia (/wiki/Princess_Louise_Margaret_of_Prussia) Princess Helen of Waldeck and Pyrmont (/wiki/Princess_Helen_of_Waldeck_and_Pyrmont) Princess Thyra of Denmark (/wiki/Princess_Thyra_of_Denmark) 7th generation Princess Victoria Mary of Teck (/wiki/Mary_of_Teck) Princess Alexandra, 2nd Duchess of Fife (/wiki/Princess_Alexandra,_2nd_Duchess_of_Fife) * Princess Victoria Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein (/wiki/Princess_Victoria_Adelaide_of_Schleswig-Holstein) Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia (/wiki/Princess_Victoria_Louise_of_Prussia) 8th generation Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_The_Queen_Mother) Lady Alice Montagu Douglas Scott (/wiki/Princess_Alice,_Duchess_of_Gloucester) Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark (/wiki/Princess_Marina_of_Greece_and_Denmark) 9th generation Birgitte van Deurs Henriksen Katharine Worsley (/wiki/Katharine,_Duchess_of_Kent) Baroness Marie-Christine von Reibnitz (/wiki/Princess_Michael_of_Kent) 10th generation Lady Diana Spencer (/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales) Camilla Shand (/wiki/Queen_Camilla) Sarah Ferguson (/wiki/Sarah,_Duchess_of_York) Sophie Rhys-Jones (/wiki/Sophie,_Duchess_of_Edinburgh) 11th generation Catherine Middleton (/wiki/Catherine,_Princess_of_Wales) Meghan Markle (/wiki/Meghan,_Duchess_of_Sussex) also a British princess (/wiki/British_princess) in her own right Princesses whose titles were removed due to loss of husband's eligibility or divorce are shown in italics . v t e Duchesses of Gloucester (/wiki/Duchess_of_Gloucester) Eleanor de Bohun (/wiki/Eleanor_de_Bohun) (1376–1397) Jacqueline, Countess of Hainaut (/wiki/Jacqueline,_Countess_of_Hainaut) (1422–1428) (annulled) , Eleanor Cobham (/wiki/Eleanor,_Duchess_of_Gloucester) (1431–1441) (annulled) Anne Neville (/wiki/Anne_Neville) (1472–1483) Duchesses of Gloucester and Edinburgh (/wiki/Duke_of_Gloucester_and_Edinburgh) (1764–1834) Alice Montagu Douglas Scott (/wiki/Princess_Alice,_Duchess_of_Gloucester) (1935–1974) Birgitte van Deurs Henriksen (1974–present) v t e Current members of the Order of the Garter (/wiki/List_of_current_knights_and_ladies_of_the_Garter) Sovereign The King (/wiki/Charles_III) ( ex officio ) Royal Knights and Ladies (Companion) The Duke of Kent (/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Kent) The Princess Royal (/wiki/Anne,_Princess_Royal) The Duke of Gloucester (/wiki/Prince_Richard,_Duke_of_Gloucester) Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy (/wiki/Princess_Alexandra,_The_Honourable_Lady_Ogilvy) The Duke of York (/wiki/Prince_Andrew,_Duke_of_York) The Duke of Edinburgh (/wiki/Prince_Edward,_Duke_of_Edinburgh) The Prince of Wales (/wiki/William,_Prince_of_Wales) ( ex officio ) The Queen (/wiki/Queen_Camilla) The Duchess of Gloucester Stranger Knights and Ladies Companion Queen Margrethe II of Denmark (/wiki/Margrethe_II) The King of Sweden (/wiki/Carl_XVI_Gustaf) King Juan Carlos I of Spain (/wiki/Juan_Carlos_I) Princess Beatrix of the Netherlands (/wiki/Beatrix_of_the_Netherlands) Emperor Akihito of Japan (/wiki/Akihito) The King of Norway (/wiki/Harald_V) The King of Spain (/wiki/Felipe_VI) The King of the Netherlands (/wiki/Willem-Alexander_of_the_Netherlands) The Emperor of Japan (/wiki/Naruhito) Knights and Ladies Companion The Duke of Abercorn (/wiki/James_Hamilton,_5th_Duke_of_Abercorn) The Lord Butler of Brockwell (/wiki/Robin_Butler,_Baron_Butler_of_Brockwell) Sir John Major (/wiki/John_Major) The Lord Luce (/wiki/Richard_Luce,_Baron_Luce) Sir Thomas Dunne (/wiki/Thomas_Dunne_(Lord_Lieutenant)) The Lord Phillips of Worth Matravers (/wiki/Nick_Phillips,_Baron_Phillips_of_Worth_Matravers) The Lord Stirrup (/wiki/Jock_Stirrup) The Baroness Manningham-Buller (/wiki/Eliza_Manningham-Buller) The Lord King of Lothbury (/wiki/Mervyn_King,_Baron_King_of_Lothbury) The Lord Shuttleworth (/wiki/Charles_Kay-Shuttleworth,_5th_Baron_Shuttleworth) Lady Mary Fagan (/wiki/Mary_Fagan) The Viscount Brookeborough (/wiki/Alan_Brooke,_3rd_Viscount_Brookeborough) Lady Mary Peters (/wiki/Mary_Peters_(athlete)) The Marquess of Salisbury (/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_7th_Marquess_of_Salisbury) The Baroness Amos (/wiki/Valerie_Amos,_Baroness_Amos) Sir Tony Blair (/wiki/Tony_Blair) The Baroness Ashton of Upholland (/wiki/Catherine_Ashton) The Lord Patten of Barnes (/wiki/Chris_Patten) The Lord Peach (/wiki/Stuart_Peach) The Lord Kakkar (/wiki/Ajay_Kakkar,_Baron_Kakkar) The Lord Lloyd-Webber (/wiki/Andrew_Lloyd_Webber) 3 vacancies Officers Philip Mounstephen (/wiki/Philip_Mounstephen) , Bishop of Winchester (/wiki/Bishop_of_Winchester) (Prelate, ex officio ) The Baroness Manningham-Buller (/wiki/Eliza_Manningham-Buller) ( Chancellor (/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Order_of_the_Garter) ) Dr Christopher Cocksworth (/wiki/Christopher_Cocksworth) , Dean of Windsor (/wiki/Dean_of_Windsor) (Register, ex officio ) David White (/wiki/David_White_(officer_of_arms)) ( Garter King of Arms (/wiki/Garter_Principal_King_of_Arms) , ex officio ) Stephen Segrave (Secretary) Sarah Clarke (/wiki/Sarah_Clarke_(Black_Rod)) ( Black Rod (/wiki/Black_Rod) , ex officio ) v t e Order of precedence in England and Wales (ladies) (/wiki/Order_of_precedence_in_England_and_Wales#Ladies) Royal family The Queen (/wiki/Queen_Camilla) The Princess of Wales (/wiki/Catherine,_Princess_of_Wales) The Duchess of Sussex (/wiki/Meghan,_Duchess_of_Sussex) Princess Charlotte of Wales (/wiki/Princess_Charlotte_of_Wales_(born_2015)) Princess Lilibet of Sussex (/wiki/Princess_Lilibet_of_Sussex) The Duchess of Edinburgh (/wiki/Sophie,_Duchess_of_Edinburgh) The Princess Royal (/wiki/Anne,_Princess_Royal) Princess Beatrice, Mrs Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi (/wiki/Princess_Beatrice) Princess Eugenie, Mrs Jack Brooksbank (/wiki/Princess_Eugenie) Lady Louise Mountbatten-Windsor (/wiki/Lady_Louise_Windsor) Zara Tindall (/wiki/Zara_Tindall) The Duchess of Gloucester The Duchess of Kent (/wiki/Katharine,_Duchess_of_Kent) Princess Michael of Kent (/wiki/Princess_Michael_of_Kent) Lady Sarah Chatto (/wiki/Lady_Sarah_Chatto) Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy (/wiki/Princess_Alexandra,_The_Honourable_Lady_Ogilvy) High Officers of State Penny Mordaunt (/wiki/Penny_Mordaunt) , Lord President of the Council (/wiki/Lord_President_of_the_Council) *not including short-term appointments, visiting dignitaries and most peers NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7dd97bcdbb‐9nt5m Cached time: 20240722140357 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.772 seconds Real time usage: 1.058 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 6451/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 141680/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 9832/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 20/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 177344/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.420/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 8596023/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 898.012 1 -total 28.50% 255.919 1 Template:Reflist 20.71% 185.998 1 Template:Infobox_royalty 18.96% 170.279 1 Template:Infobox 18.04% 161.985 26 Template:Cite_web 10.20% 91.588 1 Template:British_Royal_Family 9.81% 88.127 1 Template:Sidebar 8.37% 75.130 1 Template:Marriage 8.28% 74.326 1 Template:Short_description 5.55% 49.811 3 Template:Br_separated_entries Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:381207-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722140357 and revision id 1236029088. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Birgitte,_Duchess_of_Gloucester&oldid=1236029088#Marriage_and_family (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Birgitte,_Duchess_of_Gloucester&oldid=1236029088#Marriage_and_family) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1946 births (/wiki/Category:1946_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) British duchesses by marriage (/wiki/Category:British_duchesses_by_marriage) British people of Dutch descent (/wiki/Category:British_people_of_Dutch_descent) Ladies of the Garter (/wiki/Category:Ladies_of_the_Garter) Dames Grand Cross of the Order of St John (/wiki/Category:Dames_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_St_John) Dames Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (/wiki/Category:Dames_Grand_Cross_of_the_Royal_Victorian_Order) Dames Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown of Tonga (/wiki/Category:Dames_Grand_Cross_of_the_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Tonga) Danish emigrants to England (/wiki/Category:Danish_emigrants_to_England) 21st-century Danish nobility (/wiki/Category:21st-century_Danish_nobility) Danish people of Dutch descent (/wiki/Category:Danish_people_of_Dutch_descent) House of Windsor (/wiki/Category:House_of_Windsor) People associated with the Royal Academy of Music (/wiki/Category:People_associated_with_the_Royal_Academy_of_Music) People from Odense (/wiki/Category:People_from_Odense) Wives of British princes (/wiki/Category:Wives_of_British_princes) Wives of knights (/wiki/Category:Wives_of_knights) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) EngvarB from April 2014 (/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_April_2014) Use dmy dates from November 2020 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_November_2020) Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata)
Italian clothing company WikiMiniAtlas 43°48′33″N 1°10′50″E / 43.8091918°N 1.1805648°E / 43.8091918; 1.1805648 Roberto Cavalli S.p.A. Industry Luxury Fashion Food & Beverage Founded 1975 Founder Roberto Cavalli (/wiki/Roberto_Cavalli) Headquarters Sesto Fiorentino (/wiki/Sesto_Fiorentino) , Italy Area served Worldwide Key people Gian Giacomo Ferraris ( CEO (/wiki/Chief_executive_officer) ) Paul Surridge (/wiki/Paul_Surridge) ( Creative Director (/wiki/Creative_Director) ) Products Clothing Fashion Accessories Perfumes Interior Design Hospitality Revenue €155,2 million . [1] (#cite_note-1) (2016) Number of employees (2016) Website robertocavalli.com (http://www.robertocavalli.com) Roberto Cavalli S.p.A. ( Italian pronunciation: [roˈbɛrto (/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian) kaˈvalli] (/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian) ) is an Italian luxury fashion company founded by the designer Roberto Cavalli (/wiki/Roberto_Cavalli) in Osmannoro, Florence (/wiki/Florence) , during the 1970s. Known for animal prints on leather and textiles, the label manufactures and markets haute couture (/wiki/Haute_couture) , ready-to-wear, and accessories, including handbags, eye wear, watches, shoes, perfumes and jewelry. The company is also involved in interior design projects for high-end buildings and hotels. In 2015, the Italian investment fund Clessidra SGR acquired a 90 percent stake in Roberto Cavalli to relaunch the company. [2] (#cite_note-2) Gian Giacomo Ferraris is the CEO of the company and Fausto Puglisi the creative director. [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) History [ edit ] Founding [ edit ] Roberto Cavalli (/wiki/Roberto_Cavalli) studied at the Accademia di Belle Arti di Firenze (/wiki/Accademia_di_Belle_Arti_di_Firenze) (Academy of Fine Arts of Florence). His grandfather was a painter of the Macchiaioli (/wiki/Macchiaioli) group. Starting in the 1960s from his silk printing shop, Roberto began to apply a new painterly technique to fully fashioned garments, [5] (#cite_note-5) which later resulted in garment dyeing (/wiki/Dyeing) techniques. He further expanded his material experimentation in the 1970s, predominantly focusing on leather. In 1970, Roberto's debut collection in Paris showcased leather patchwork designs, created with the collaboration of Mario Valentino. In 1972, he presented patchwork designs applied to jeans in the first Roberto Cavalli Women's Runway Collection Show at Palazzo Pitti (/wiki/Palazzo_Pitti) in Florence, a prêt-à-porter (/wiki/Ready-to-wear) event at the time. His work attracted many international fashion labels, including Hermès (/wiki/Herm%C3%A8s) , Pierre Cardin (/wiki/Pierre_Cardin) , Krizia (/wiki/Krizia) and Emilio Pucci (/wiki/Emilio_Pucci) . [6] (#cite_note-6) Expansion [ edit ] The 1994 Collection at the Milan Fashion Week (/wiki/Milan_Fashion_Week) presented tiger and wildlife motifs applied to jeans, printed clothing, embroidered fur and long gowns. Animal prints were a distinctive element of the brand. [7] (#cite_note-7) Subsequently, the fashion house pioneered the introduction of sand-blasted denim and was the first to showcase Lycra stretch jeans. New clothing lines were launched on the market: Just Cavalli, Angels & Devils (renamed Roberto Cavalli Junior), and Class Cavalli. The first Roberto Cavalli mono-brand boutique opened in Venice (/wiki/Venice) in 1996. At the end of 2001, the brand was distributed in more than 30 countries, including the United States, Asian and Russian markets. [8] (#cite_note-8) The Marcolin group started to develop and distribute Roberto Cavalli and Just Cavalli sunglasses (/wiki/Sunglasses) and optical frames in 1998. In 2002 the company collaborated with Sector (/wiki/Sector_No_Limits) to design 6 Cavalli watch lines, which itself made €3.9 million revenue. [9] (#cite_note-9) The Just Cavalli Club opened in Milan the same year. In 2007, Roberto Cavalli became the first Italian fashion brand to create a limited collection for the fast-fashion retailer H&M (/wiki/H%26M) . [10] (#cite_note-10) On the 40th anniversary celebration in 2010, the label presented a runway collection in Paris, which included its dresses. [11] (#cite_note-11) In 2012 the new interior design division Roberto Cavalli Home debuted at the Salone del Mobile (/wiki/Salone_del_Mobile) trade fair. [12] (#cite_note-12) New licensing agreements were signed with Renzo Rosso's OTB Group (/wiki/OTB_Group) for Just Cavalli and Coty Inc. For Roberto Cavalli and Just Cavalli perfumes (/wiki/Perfumes) . The company closed 2014 with €210 million revenue and €12 million loss. Change of ownership [ edit ] In 2015 the Italian private equity fund Clessidra SGR acquired a 90% stake in Roberto Cavalli with some other minor partners including L-GAM, Chow Tai Fook Enterprises, and Roberto Cavalli himself. Named CEO in July 2016, [13] (#cite_note-13) former Versace (/wiki/Versace) head Gian Giacomo Ferraris started a reorganization plan to rationalize the production, logistics and retail cost operations. The Milan headquarters was closed and relocated to the Osmannoro plant, where the manufacturing of men's, children's and underwear lines were brought back in-house. [14] (#cite_note-14) The group focused on accessories, women's pret-à-porter and men's collections. In May 2017, the company appointed Paul Surridge (/wiki/Paul_Surridge) as the new creative director, following the departure of Peter Dundas, who had covered the role since 2015. [15] (#cite_note-15) Surridge presented his Spring/Summer 2018 debut collection for Roberto Cavalli at the Milano Moda Donna fashion show. [16] (#cite_note-16) A recent partnership with the real estate developer DAMAC Properties (/wiki/DAMAC_Properties) based in Dubai (/wiki/Dubai) led to the construction of the new Cavalli Villas in the Middle East. In 2019, the company was struggling financially. It closed its US stores and engaged the liquidation of its North American operations. On 28 November 2019, Hussain Sajwani (/wiki/Hussain_Sajwani) , president of DAMAC, purchased the company through the private investment company Vision Investments. The company enhanced its e-commerce primarily as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) , and maintained its physical stores in Europe (/wiki/Europe) , Middle East (/wiki/Middle_East) and Asia (/wiki/Asia) . In 2020, the company announced it would move its historic headquarters from Sesto Fiorentino to Milan. [17] (#cite_note-17) In 2022, Damac (/wiki/DAMAC_Properties) ’s Hussain Sajwani (/wiki/Hussain_Sajwani) bought a $120 million plot in Miami (/wiki/Miami) on the site of collapsed Surfside condominium (/wiki/Surfside_condominium_collapse) , in order to launch a real estate division. [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) Brands/Lines [ edit ] The galaxy of the Cavalli group lines include: Roberto Cavalli : the historic collection of evening gowns. The new era introduced daywear clothing and accessories, including shoes, handbags, leather goods, and jewellery. Just Cavalli : launched in 1998. Developed and distributed by licensing Renzo Rosso's OTB (/wiki/OTB_Group) since 2011. Class Cavalli : outwear for women and men, distributed by licensing company Swinger International since 2015. Roberto Cavalli Junior : produced in-house, for boys and girls aged 0–16 years. Roberto Cavalli Home : officially launched in 2012 at the Salone del Mobile di Milano trade fair, the interiors' collections are developed through the collaboration of Made in Italy (/wiki/Made_in_Italy) 's partners. Among these: JC Passion Srl for the furniture line; Industrie Emiliana Parati SpA for wallpapers; Gruppo Ceramiche Ricchetti SpA for tiles; Caleffi SpA for home textiles; Arnolfo di Cambio – Compagnia del Cristallo Srl for l’Art de La Table and La Murrina for lamps and accessories crafted with glasses Made in Murano . [20] (#cite_note-20) Distribution [ edit ] The first Roberto Cavalli mono-branded boutique opened in Venice in 1996, followed by the Milan-based boutique in via della Spiga (/wiki/Via_della_Spiga) in 2000, and new stores opened in Rome and Florence. The group currently operates a network of 59 direct stores and 29 franchisee stores across the globe. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "L'ad Ferraris: così ho portato Cavalli al turnaround" (http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/moda/2017-09-08/l-ad-ferraris-cosi-ho-portato-roberto-cavalli-turn-around-090407.shtml?uuid=AElFeIPC) [CEO Ferraris: How I Led a Turnaround at Cavalli] (in Italian). 8 September 2017 . Retrieved 15 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Roberto Cavalli Acquired by Private Equity" (https://fashionista.com/2015/04/roberto-cavalli-clessidra-spa) . fashionista.com . 30 April 2015 . Retrieved 17 April 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Roberto Cavalli Names a New Creative Director" (https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/10/fashion/roberto-cavalli-paul-surridge-creative-director.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . 10 May 2017 . Retrieved 17 April 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Roberto Cavalli Hires Fausto Puglisi" (https://www.vogue.com/article/roberto-cavalli-fausto-puglisi-creative-consultant) . Vogue . 23 October 2020 . Retrieved 31 July 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Cavalli, Roberto (2013). Just me (in Italian). Milan: Mondadori. p. 61. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-88-04-62920-7 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Cavalli, Roberto (2013). Just me (in Italian). Milan: Mondadori. pp. 76–77. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-88-04-62920-7 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Cavalli, Roberto (2010). Il nero non è mai assoluto [ Black is never absolute ] (in Italian). Milan: Bompiani. p. 1. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-88-4526-587-7 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Vergani, Guido (2010). The Fashion Dictionary . New York: Baldini Castoldi e Dalai editore, Inc. pp. 246–249. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-88-6073-722-9 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Vergani, Guido (2010). The Fashion Dictionary . New York: Baldini Castoldi e Dalai editore, Inc. p. 246. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-88-6073-722-9 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Roberto Cavalli for H&M: Rock-star pandemonium" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/global-currents/roberto-cavalli-for-hm-rock-star-pandemonium) . businessoffashion.com . 10 November 2007 . Retrieved 15 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Roberto Cavalli" (https://web.archive.org/web/20171028031240/http://www.vogue.it/en/news/encyclo/designers/c/roberto-cavalli) . vogue.it . 10 November 2007. Archived from the original (http://www.vogue.it/en/news/encyclo/designers/c/roberto-cavalli) on 28 October 2017 . Retrieved 15 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Roberto Cavalli Home Interiors at Salone del Mobile" (http://luxury-today.com/roberto-cavalli-home-interiors-at-salone-del-mobile/) . luxurytoday.com . 2012 . Retrieved 15 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Roberto Cavalli names former Versace head as new CEO" (https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cavalli-ceo-ferraris/roberto-cavalli-names-former-versace-head-as-new-ceo-idUSKCN10814Y?il=0) . Reuters . 28 July 2016 . Retrieved 15 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Roberto Cavalli 2016 revenues drop 13.6%" (https://cpp-luxury.com/roberto-cavalli-2016-revenues-drop-13-6/) . cpp-luxury.com . 14 April 2017 . Retrieved 15 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "English Designer Paul Surridge Is the New Creative Director at Roberto Cavalli" (https://www.vogue.com/article/roberto-cavalli-paul-surridge-creative-director) . vogue.com . 21 May 2017 . Retrieved 15 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Cavalli's Paul Surridge searches for new sensuality in Milan" (https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-fashion-milan-cavalli/cavallis-paul-surridge-searches-for-new-sensuality-in-milan-idUKKCN1BX2LH) . uk.reuters.com . 22 September 2017 . Retrieved 15 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "La rovinosa e triste caduta di Roberto Cavalli" (https://it.businessinsider.com/roberto-cavalli-storia-caduta/) . businessinsider.com. businessinsider.com. 23 June 2020 . Retrieved 30 June 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Damac's Hussain Sajwani takes 'Cavalli' luxury brand to Miami" (https://gulfnews.com/business/property/damacs-hussain-sajwani-takes-cavalli-luxury-brand-to-miami-1.88027656) . gulfnews.com . 21 May 2022 . Retrieved 4 June 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Dubai developer to buy Florida condo collapse site for $120M" (https://www.tampabay.com/news/florida/2022/05/21/dubai-developer-to-buy-florida-condo-collapse-site-for-120m/) . Tampa Bay Times . Retrieved 4 June 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Jungle luxe: Roberto Cavalli Home's latest collection is a walk on the wild side" (https://www.wallpaper.com/w-bespoke/roberto-cavalli-home-wallpaper) . wallpaper.com . 8 April 2016 . Retrieved 15 November 2017 . Bibliography [ edit ] Cavalli, Roberto (2013). Just me (in Italian). Milan: Mondadori. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-88-04-62920-7 . Cavalli, Roberto (2013). Just me (in Italian). Milan: Mondadori. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-88-04-62920-7 . Cavalli, Roberto (2010). Il nero non è mai assoluto [ Black is never absolute ] (in Italian). Milan: Bompiani. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-88-4526-587-7 . Roberto Cavalli on [1] (https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/roberto-cavalli-biography) Arroyuelo, Javier (2002). Roberto Cavalli . Paris: Assoulin. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 2-84323-391-7 . Cavalli, Roberto (2010). Roberto Cavalli . New York: Rizzoli International Publications. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0847836093 . Portals (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals) : Fashion (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Italy (/wiki/Portal:Italy) Companies (/wiki/Portal:Companies) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐dfb86547b‐dpkqv Cached time: 20240710160123 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.531 seconds Real time usage: 0.659 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2380/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 54613/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1992/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 94215/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.389/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 18150226/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 612.598 1 -total 30.27% 185.409 1 Template:Reflist 21.30% 130.471 13 Template:Cite_web 20.21% 123.784 1 Template:IPA-it 19.96% 122.292 1 Template:IPA 19.85% 121.606 1 Template:Infobox_company 18.24% 111.731 1 Template:Infobox 11.50% 70.425 1 Template:Short_description 8.11% 49.696 10 Template:Cite_book 6.29% 38.520 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:57415815-0!canonical and timestamp 20240710160123 and revision id 1229124702. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roberto_Cavalli_(company)&oldid=1229124702 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roberto_Cavalli_(company)&oldid=1229124702) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : High fashion brands (/wiki/Category:High_fashion_brands) Jewellery companies of Italy (/wiki/Category:Jewellery_companies_of_Italy) Luxury brands (/wiki/Category:Luxury_brands) Perfume houses (/wiki/Category:Perfume_houses) Clothing brands of Italy (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_of_Italy) Haute couture (/wiki/Category:Haute_couture) Fashion accessory brands (/wiki/Category:Fashion_accessory_brands) Jewellery retailers of Italy (/wiki/Category:Jewellery_retailers_of_Italy) Watch manufacturing companies of Italy (/wiki/Category:Watch_manufacturing_companies_of_Italy) Clothing companies established in 1970 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1970) Design companies established in 1970 (/wiki/Category:Design_companies_established_in_1970) Companies that have filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy (/wiki/Category:Companies_that_have_filed_for_Chapter_7_bankruptcy) Companies that filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy in 2019 (/wiki/Category:Companies_that_filed_for_Chapter_7_bankruptcy_in_2019) 1970 establishments in Italy (/wiki/Category:1970_establishments_in_Italy) Hidden categories: Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas (/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas) CS1 Italian-language sources (it) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Italian-language_sources_(it)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from May 2018 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_May_2018) Coordinates not on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Coordinates_not_on_Wikidata) Pages with Italian IPA (/wiki/Category:Pages_with_Italian_IPA)
Australian surf and street clothing brand This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Hot_Tuna_Clothing) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Hot Tuna Clothing" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Hot+Tuna+Clothing%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Hot+Tuna+Clothing%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Hot+Tuna+Clothing%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Hot+Tuna+Clothing%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Hot+Tuna+Clothing%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Hot+Tuna+Clothing%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( September 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Hot Tuna Trade name (/wiki/Trade_name) Hot Tuna Clothing Industries Pty (/wiki/Proprietary_company) Ltd (/wiki/Limited_company) Company type Private (/wiki/Privately_held_company) Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) Headquarters Wentworthville, New South Wales (/wiki/Wentworthville,_New_South_Wales) , Australia (/wiki/Australia) Key people Elle Macpherson (/wiki/Elle_Macpherson) (Former executive director (/wiki/Executive_director) ) Products Apparel (/wiki/Clothing) Nightwear (/wiki/Nightwear) Backpacks (/wiki/Backpack) Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) Frasers Group (/wiki/Frasers_Group) Website http://www.hot-tuna.com/ (http://www.hot-tuna.com/) Hot Tuna is an Australian surf and street clothing brand. It was established in 1969. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) In 2012, the brand was acquired by Frasers Group (/wiki/Frasers_Group) for £1 million and was renamed to Concha. Hot Tuna's executive chairman, Francis Ball, stepped down from his position after the sale. [3] (#cite_note-3) Logo [ edit ] The company's main logo is a custom artistic print of a Piranha (/wiki/Piranha) designed by Peter Fernley. Events Sponsored [ edit ] Hot Tuna have sponsored surfing events such as the WQS Hot Tuna Central Coast Pro at Soldiers Beach on the Central Coast (/wiki/Central_Coast_(New_South_Wales)) of New South Wales (/wiki/New_South_Wales) , the Hot Tuna Summer Classic at Gunnamatta Beach (/wiki/Gunnamatta_Bay) on the Victoria (/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)) coastline in Australia and the Hot Tuna Summer of 69 at St Agnes (/wiki/St_Agnes,_Cornwall) in Cornwall (/wiki/Cornwall) , United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) . [4] (#cite_note-4) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Hot Tuna Surf Brand up for Sale Due to Slow Growth: Finance" (http://www.startupsmart.com.au/growth/sell-a-business/iconic-australian-surfwear-brand-hot-tuna-up-for-sale/201111164572.html) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Hot Tuna" (http://www.ibml.co.uk/brands/hottuna) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Leroux, Marcus. "Sports Direct swallows Hot Tuna for £1m" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/sports-direct-swallows-hot-tuna-for-pound1m-m8gnw7s0lgc) . The Times (/wiki/The_Times) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0140-0460 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0140-0460) . Retrieved 21 April 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "About Us \| Hot Tuna" (http://www.hot-tuna.com/customerservices/otherinformation/aboutus) . www.hot-tuna.com . Retrieved 22 October 2017 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.hot-tuna.com/) Hot Tuna Clothing (https://www.instagram.com/hot_tunauk/) on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram_(identifier)) v t e Frasers Group (/wiki/Frasers_Group) General topics Mike Ashley (/wiki/Mike_Ashley_(businessman)) (founder) FTSE 250 Index (/wiki/FTSE_250_Index) Brands Retail outlet Bob's Stores (/wiki/Bob%27s_Stores) EAG Eastern Mountain Sports (/wiki/Eastern_Mountain_Sports) European Golf Evans Cycles (/wiki/Evans_Cycles) Field & Trek Firetrap (/wiki/Firetrap) Flannels (/wiki/Flannels_(retail)) French Connection (/wiki/French_Connection_(clothing)) Game (/wiki/Game_(retailer)) Gelert (/wiki/Gelert_(company)) Heatons (/wiki/Heatons) House of Fraser (/wiki/House_of_Fraser) Jack Wills (/wiki/Jack_Wills) Sofa.com (/wiki/Sofa.com) Sportland International Group Sports Direct (/wiki/Sports_Direct) Sweatshop (/wiki/Sweatshop_(retailer)) Tri UK USC (/wiki/USC_(clothing_retailer)) Online stores Ace Missguided (/wiki/Missguided) SportsDirect.com (/wiki/SportsDirect.com) Studio (/wiki/Studio_Retail_Group) Clothing and Sports equipment Agent Provocateur (/wiki/Agent_Provocateur_(lingerie)) Airwalk British Knights (/wiki/British_Knights) Carlton (/wiki/Carlton_Sports) Donnay (/wiki/Donnay_(sports)) Everlast (/wiki/Everlast_(brand)) Firetrap (/wiki/Firetrap) Gelert (/wiki/Gelert_(company)) GoldDigga Grumpytoly Apparel Gul (/wiki/Gul_(watersports)) Hot Tuna Kangol (/wiki/Kangol) Karrimor (/wiki/Karrimor) LA Gear (/wiki/LA_Gear) Lonsdale (/wiki/Lonsdale_(clothing)) Lovell Rugby Lovell Rackets Miso Miss Fiori Muddyfox (/wiki/Muddyfox) Mulberry Nevica No Fear (/wiki/No_Fear) Slazenger (/wiki/Slazenger) Sondico SoulCal USA Pro Voodoo Dolls Former brands Bike Clearance Dunlop Slazenger (/wiki/Dunlop_Slazenger) JJB Sports (/wiki/JJB_Sports) Original Shoe Co. Republic (/wiki/Republic_(retailer)) Umbro (/wiki/Umbro) v t e Competitive swimwear (/wiki/Competitive_swimwear) Swimsuits Female suits Bodyskin (/wiki/Bodyskin) Kneeskin (/wiki/Kneeskin) Racerback (/wiki/Racerback) One-piece swimsuit (/wiki/One-piece_swimsuit) Male suits Bodyskin Jammers (/wiki/Jammer_(swimwear)) Kneeskin Legskin (/wiki/Legskin) Square leg suits (/wiki/Square_leg_suits) Swim briefs (/wiki/Swim_briefs) Materials High-technology swimwear (/wiki/High-technology_swimwear) Nylon (/wiki/Nylon) Polyurethane (/wiki/Polyurethane) Spandex (/wiki/Spandex) Accessories Earplug (/wiki/Earplug) Goggles (/wiki/Goggles) Noseclip (/wiki/Noseclip) Swim cap (/wiki/Swim_cap) Training gear Fistgloves (/wiki/Fistgloves) Hand paddle (/wiki/Hand_paddle) Pool float (/wiki/Pool_float) Pool noodle (/wiki/Pool_noodle) Pull buoy (/wiki/Pull_buoy) Swimfin (/wiki/Swimfin) Swimming machine (/wiki/Swimming_machine) Manufacturers Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) Agon (/wiki/AgonSwim) Arena (/wiki/Arena_(swimwear)) Delfina Sport (/wiki/Delfina_Sport) Dolfin (/wiki/Dolfin_Swimwear) Ellesse (/wiki/Ellesse) Head (/wiki/Head_(company)) Mizuno (/wiki/Mizuno_Corporation) Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) Orca (/wiki/Orca_(company)) Speedo (/wiki/Speedo) TYR (/wiki/TYR_Sport) Way Funky (/wiki/Way_Funky) Zoggs (/wiki/Zoggs) Zoke (/wiki/Zoke) See also FINA (/wiki/FINA) History of competitive swimwear (/wiki/History_of_competitive_swimwear) v t e Sports equipment (/wiki/Sports_equipment) brands This list includes companies that produce sports equipment. List by sport include only current products manufactured Multi-sports Acerbis (/wiki/Acerbis) Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) Admiral (/wiki/Admiral_Sportswear) AFA (/wiki/AFA_Sports) Alpine Pro (/wiki/Alpine_Pro) Anta (/wiki/Anta_Sports) Arc'teryx (/wiki/Arc%27teryx) Asics (/wiki/Asics) Atletica (/wiki/Atletica) BLK (/wiki/BLK_(sportswear)) Burley-Sekem (/wiki/Burley-Sekem) Castore (/wiki/Castore) Champion (/wiki/Champion_(sportswear)) Charly (/wiki/Charly_(brand)) Classic (/wiki/Classic_Sportswear) Descente (/wiki/Descente) Diadora (/wiki/Diadora) ERKE (/wiki/ERKE) Erreà (/wiki/Erre%C3%A0) EvoShield (/wiki/EvoShield) FBT (/wiki/FBT_(company)) Fila (/wiki/Fila) Fischer (/wiki/Fischer_(company)) 4F (/wiki/4F_(company)) Garcis (/wiki/Garcis) Givova (/wiki/Givova) Grand Sport (/wiki/Grand_Sport_Group) Grays (/wiki/Grays_International) Head (/wiki/Head_(company)) Hummel (/wiki/Hummel_International) ISC (/wiki/ISC_(sportswear)) Jako (/wiki/Jako) Joma (/wiki/Joma) Kappa (/wiki/Kappa_(brand)) Kelme (/wiki/Kelme_(company)) Kookaburra (/wiki/Kookaburra_Sport) Le Coq Sportif (/wiki/Le_Coq_Sportif) Legea (/wiki/Legea) Li-Ning (/wiki/Li-Ning) Lotto (/wiki/Lotto_Sport_Italia) Luanvi (/wiki/Luanvi) Lululemon (/wiki/Lululemon_Athletica) Macron (/wiki/Macron_(sportswear)) Majestic (/wiki/Majestic_Athletic) Mikasa (/wiki/Mikasa_Sports) Mitchell & Ness (/wiki/Mitchell_%26_Ness) Mitre (/wiki/Mitre_Sports_International) Mizuno (/wiki/Mizuno_Corporation) Molten (/wiki/Molten_Corporation) Oakley (/wiki/Oakley,_Inc.) On (/wiki/On_(company)) NAAI (/wiki/NAAI) New Balance (/wiki/New_Balance) Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) Nivia (/wiki/Nivia_Sports) O'Neills (/wiki/O%27Neills) Peak (/wiki/Peak_Sport_Products) Penalty (/wiki/Penalty_(sports_manufacturer)) Poker (/wiki/Poker_(sports_manufacturer)) Pirma (/wiki/Pirma) Puma (/wiki/Puma_(brand)) Reebok (/wiki/Reebok) Reusch (/wiki/Reusch_(company)) Russell (/wiki/Russell_Athletic) Schutt (/wiki/Schutt_Sports) Scott (/wiki/Scott_Sports) Signia (/wiki/Signia_(sportswear)) Skins (/wiki/Skins_(sportswear)) Slazenger (/wiki/Slazenger) Sportika (/wiki/Sportika) Starter (/wiki/Starter_(clothing_line)) Topper (/wiki/Topper_(brand)) Uhlsport (/wiki/Uhlsport) Umbro (/wiki/Umbro) Under Armour (/wiki/Under_Armour) Voit (/wiki/Voit) XBlades (/wiki/XBlades) Xtep (/wiki/Xtep) Warrior (/wiki/Warrior_Sports) Warrix Sports (/wiki/Warrix_Sports) Wilson (/wiki/Wilson_Sporting_Goods) World Balance (/wiki/World_Balance) Yonex (/wiki/Yonex) 2XU (/wiki/2XU) Association football (/wiki/Association_football) Athleta (/wiki/Athleta_(company)) Bukta (/wiki/Bukta) Capelli (/wiki/Capelli_Sport) Finta (/wiki/Finta) Marathon (/wiki/Marathon_Sports) Nanque (/wiki/Nanque) Patrick (/wiki/Patrick_(sportswear_company)) Select (/wiki/Select_Sport) SIX5SIX (/wiki/SIX5SIX) Sport-Saller (/wiki/Sport-Saller) St Margaret's (/wiki/N._Corah_%26_Sons) Australian football (/wiki/Australian_rules_football) Cotton On (/wiki/Cotton_On) Sherrin (/wiki/Sherrin) Baseball (/wiki/Baseball) / softball (/wiki/Softball) DeMarini (/wiki/DeMarini) Louisville Slugger (/wiki/Hillerich_%26_Bradsby) Marucci (/wiki/Marucci_Sports) Nokona (/wiki/Nocona_Athletic_Goods_Company) Rawlings (/wiki/Rawlings_(company)) Basketball (/wiki/Basketball) AND1 (/wiki/AND1) First Ever (/wiki/First_Ever) Spalding (/wiki/Spalding_(company)) Boxing (/wiki/Boxing) Boxa (/wiki/Boxa) Everlast (/wiki/Everlast_(brand)) Lonsdale (/wiki/Lonsdale_(clothing)) Sting (/wiki/Sting_Sports) Twins Special (/wiki/Twins_Special) Cricket (/wiki/Cricket) CA (/wiki/CA_Sports) County (/wiki/Hunts_County) Dukes (/wiki/British_Cricket_Balls_Ltd) Duncan Fearnley (/wiki/Duncan_Fearnley) Gray-Nicolls (/wiki/Gray-Nicolls) Gunn & Moore (/wiki/Gunn_%26_Moore) Sanspareils Greenlands (/wiki/Sanspareils_Greenlands) Sareen (/wiki/Sareen_Sports_Industries) Stuart Surridge (/wiki/Stuart_Surridge) Cue sports (/wiki/Cue_sports) Brunswick (/wiki/Brunswick_Corporation) Parris Cues (/wiki/Parris_Cues) Riley (/wiki/Riley_(brand)) Cycling (/wiki/Cycle_sport) Bell Sports (/wiki/Bell_Sports) Castelli (/wiki/Castelli_(brand)) Giro (/wiki/Giro_(company)) Rapha (/wiki/Rapha_(sportswear)) Northwave (/wiki/Northwave) Santini SMS (/wiki/Santini_SMS) SIDI (/wiki/SIDI) Troy Lee (/wiki/Troy_Lee_Designs) Darts (/wiki/Darts) Winmau (/wiki/Winmau) Golf (/wiki/Golf) Adams (/wiki/Adams_Golf) Ashworth (/wiki/Ashworth_(clothing)) Bettinardi (/wiki/Bettinardi_Golf) Bridgestone (/wiki/Bridgestone_Golf) Callaway (/wiki/Callaway_Golf_Company) Cleveland (/wiki/Cleveland_Golf) Cobra (/wiki/Cobra_Golf) FootJoy (/wiki/FootJoy) Forgan (/wiki/Forgan_of_St_Andrews) John Letters (/wiki/John_Letters) MacGregor (/wiki/MacGregor_Golf) Maxfli (/wiki/Maxfli) OnCore (/wiki/OnCore_Golf) PXG (/wiki/Parsons_Xtreme_Golf) Penfold (/wiki/Penfold_Golf) Ping (/wiki/Ping_(golf)) Polara (/wiki/Polara_Golf) Srixon (/wiki/Srixon) TaylorMade (/wiki/TaylorMade) Titleist (/wiki/Titleist) Wilson Staff (/wiki/Wilson_Staff) Scotty Cameron (/wiki/Scotty_Cameron) Yamaha Golf (/wiki/Yamaha_Corporation) Gridiron football (/wiki/Gridiron_football) Riddell (/wiki/Riddell_Sports_Group) Handball (/wiki/Handball) Select (/wiki/Select_Sport) Ice hockey (/wiki/Ice_hockey) Bauer (/wiki/Bauer_Hockey) Canadien (/wiki/Canadien_(ice_hockey)) CCM (/wiki/CCM_(ice_hockey)) Hespeler (/wiki/Hespeler_Hockey) Itech (/wiki/Itech) Jofa (/wiki/Jofa) Koho (/wiki/Koho_(company)) Mission (/wiki/Mission_Hockey) Sher-Wood (/wiki/Sher-Wood) Titan (/wiki/Titan_(ice_hockey)) Vaughn (/wiki/Vaughn_Hockey) Martial arts (/wiki/Martial_arts) Fairtex (/wiki/Fairtex) Tapout (/wiki/Tapout_(clothing_brand)) Twins Special (/wiki/Twins_Special) Venum (/wiki/Venum) Motorsport (/wiki/Motorsport) AGV (/wiki/AGV_(helmet_manufacturer)) Alpinestars (/wiki/Alpinestars) Arai (/wiki/Arai_Helmet) Bell Sports (/wiki/Bell_Sports) Dainese (/wiki/Dainese) Momo (/wiki/Momo_(company)) Nolan (/wiki/Nolan_Helmets) OMP (/wiki/OMP_Racing) Schuberth (/wiki/Schuberth) Shark (/wiki/Shark_(helmet_manufacturer)) Shoei (/wiki/Shoei) SIDI (/wiki/SIDI) Simpson (/wiki/Simpson_Performance_Products) Sparco (/wiki/Sparco) Troy Lee (/wiki/Troy_Lee_Designs) Rugby (/wiki/Rugby_football) Canterbury (/wiki/Canterbury_of_New_Zealand) FI-TA (/wiki/FI-TA) Gilbert (/wiki/Gilbert_Rugby) LE (/wiki/Limited_Edition_Sportswear) St Margaret's (/wiki/N._Corah_%26_Sons) Steeden (/wiki/Steeden) Webb Ellis (/wiki/Webb_Ellis_(sportswear)) Running (/wiki/Running) / Hiking (/wiki/Hiking) Altra (/wiki/Altra_Running) Brooks (/wiki/Brooks_Sports) Hoka One One (/wiki/Hoka_One_One) Karhu (/wiki/Karhu_(sports_brand)) Karrimor (/wiki/Karrimor) LA Gear (/wiki/LA_Gear) Merrell (/wiki/Merrell_(company)) Olympikus (/wiki/Olympikus) Saucony (/wiki/Saucony) Skiing (/wiki/Skiing) 4FRNT (/wiki/4FRNT) Alpina (/wiki/Alpina_%C5%BDiri) Armada (/wiki/Armada_(company)) Atomic (/wiki/Atomic_Skis) Black Crows (/wiki/Black_Crows_Skis) Black Diamond (/wiki/Black_Diamond_Equipment) Blizzard (/wiki/Blizzard_Sport) Dynastar (/wiki/Dynastar) Elan (/wiki/Elan_(company)) Faction (/wiki/The_Faction_Collective) K2 (/wiki/K2_Sports) Kneissl (/wiki/Kneissl) Liberty Skis (/wiki/Liberty_Skis) Line Skis (/wiki/Line_Skis) Look Bindings (/wiki/Look_(company)) Madshus (/wiki/Madshus) Marker (/wiki/Marker_(ski_bindings)) Moment Skis (/wiki/Moment_Skis) Nordica (/wiki/Nordica_(company)) Peltonen (/wiki/Peltonen_(company)) Rossignol (/wiki/Skis_Rossignol) Salomon (/wiki/Salomon_Group) Skigo (/wiki/Skigo) Spyder (/wiki/Spyder_(ski_apparel_brand)) Swix (/wiki/Swix) Rottefella (/wiki/Rottefella) Völkl (/wiki/V%C3%B6lkl) Surf (/wiki/Surfing) Billabong (/wiki/Billabong_(clothing)) Haydenshapes (/wiki/Haydenshapes_Surfboards) Hurley (/wiki/Hurley_International) Mambo (/wiki/Mambo_Graphics) Quiksilver (/wiki/Quiksilver) Ocean Pacific (/wiki/Ocean_Pacific) O'Neill (/wiki/O%27Neill_(brand)) Oxbow (/wiki/Oxbow_(surfwear)) Rip Curl (/wiki/Rip_Curl) Swimming (/wiki/Swimming_(sport)) Arena (/wiki/Arena_(swimwear)) Speedo (/wiki/Speedo) TYR (/wiki/TYR_Sport) Zoggs (/wiki/Zoggs) Table tennis (/wiki/Table_tennis) Butterfly (/wiki/Butterfly_(brand)) Kettler (/wiki/Kettler) Killerspin (/wiki/Killerspin) Stiga Sports (/wiki/Stiga#Stiga_Sports) Tennis (/wiki/Tennis) / racket sports (/wiki/Racket_(sports_equipment)) Babolat (/wiki/Babolat) Carlton (/wiki/Carlton_Sports) Donnay (/wiki/Donnay_(sports)) Dunlop (/wiki/Dunlop_Sport) Ellesse (/wiki/Ellesse) Lacoste (/wiki/Lacoste) Prince (/wiki/Prince_Sports) ProKennex (/wiki/ProKennex) Sergio Tacchini (/wiki/Sergio_Tacchini) Snauwaert (/wiki/Snauwaert) Tecnifibre (/wiki/Tecnifibre) Volley (/wiki/Volley_(shoe)) Water polo (/wiki/Water_polo) KAP7 (/wiki/KAP7) Category (/wiki/Category:Sporting_goods_manufacturers) Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sporting_goods_manufacturers) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐dc899b7cc‐cwsf6 Cached time: 20240721111833 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.543 seconds Real time usage: 1.106 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2023/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 93151/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2139/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 42406/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.329/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5510915/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 872.456 1 -total 19.91% 173.681 1 Template:Short_description 19.35% 168.783 1 Template:Infobox_company 17.75% 154.893 1 Template:More_citations_needed 17.71% 154.508 1 Template:Infobox 17.47% 152.423 1 Template:Ambox 17.11% 149.247 5 Template:Navbox 16.04% 139.961 2 Template:Pagetype 15.82% 138.005 1 Template:Reflist 14.84% 129.429 1 Template:Frasers_Group Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:43610006-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721111833 and revision id 1223437456. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hot_Tuna_Clothing&oldid=1223437456 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hot_Tuna_Clothing&oldid=1223437456) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Surfwear brands (/wiki/Category:Surfwear_brands) Swimwear manufacturers (/wiki/Category:Swimwear_manufacturers) Clothing companies established in 1969 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1969) Clothing brands of Australia (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_of_Australia) Sports Direct (/wiki/Category:Sports_Direct) Australian companies established in 1969 (/wiki/Category:Australian_companies_established_in_1969) Sporting goods manufacturers of Australia (/wiki/Category:Sporting_goods_manufacturers_of_Australia) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from November 2019 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_November_2019) Articles needing additional references from September 2015 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_September_2015) All articles needing additional references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references) Pages using infobox company using trading name (/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_company_using_trading_name)
French actress and fashion designer (born 1896) Lyska Kostio de Warkoffska (born April 20, 1896, in Baku (/wiki/Baku) , Russian Empire (/wiki/Russian_Empire) , now Azerbaijan (/wiki/Azerbaijan) ; died March 13, 1986, in Boulogne-Billancourt (/wiki/Boulogne-Billancourt) , France), [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) also known as Lyska Kostio and from 1935 onward as Kostio de War , was a French fashion (/wiki/Fashion) designer. In 1935, she founded the fashion house Kostio de War in Paris (/wiki/Paris) , specialising in high quality knitwear (/wiki/Knitting) and crochet (/wiki/Crochet) wear. Life [ edit ] Lyska Kostio de Warkoffska was the daughter of Serge de Warkoffska and Pétronille Geluyckens [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Around 1913, the »little Baroness« (French: la petite baronne), [2] (#cite_note-:1-2) the »very pretty Russian« (French: fort jolie russe) [3] (#cite_note-:2-3) or Mlle Lyska Kostio , as she was called until 1918, was introduced into the Parisian high society of the Belle Époque (/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poque) by the actress Louise Balthy. On February 4, 1914, she made her debut at the Théâtre Michel, [4] (#cite_note-4) which today is still located on the rue des Mathurins. In the revue La Sans-Gêne by Robert Dieudonné (/wiki/Robert_Dieudonn%C3%A9) and René Bussy, she played the role of Lisoy alongside Louise Balthy. [5] (#cite_note-5) The show had more than 20 performances. [6] (#cite_note-6) She had already attracted attention a year earlier by promenading in public using her "belly forward and the umbrella under the arm" style [7] (#cite_note-7) with Jacqueline Forzane, the future film actress, on the Deauville (/wiki/Deauville) esplanade. Another eccentric appearance is documented in an issue of the New York (/wiki/New_York_City) daily The Sun (/wiki/The_Sun_(New_York_City)) , with a photo showing her with her doll collection, [8] (#cite_note-8) with which she regularly appeared in public. She was also known as the “Queen of Tango (/wiki/Tango) ” [9] (#cite_note-:3-9) She had the walls of her apartment on the Avenue du Bois (/wiki/Avenue_Foch) demolished to create a large dance hall, decorated with painted panels by Léon Bakst (/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Bakst) . [9] (#cite_note-:3-9) At the beginning of August 1914, when general mobilization (/wiki/Mobilization) was ordered, her dance hall was transformed into a hospice where she and her maidservant (/wiki/Maidservant) nursed casualties of the war (/wiki/War) . [9] (#cite_note-:3-9) Her daughter Vanina was born on June 2, 1919. [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) Around 1920 she began to use her full name Mme Lyska Kostio de Warkoffska. Five years later, on July 30, 1924, her engagement to Baron Jehan de Tinan Neyevelt was announced in the Parisian daily Le Figaro. [12] (#cite_note-12) But it was not until November 4, 1940, that she actually married in Cannes (/wiki/Cannes) Christian Charles Raymond Aymar de Rivals-Mazères, a descendant of Jean Racine (/wiki/Jean_Racine) . [13] (#cite_note-13) The marriage did not produce any children. In 1935, she adopted the final version of her name, Kostio de War, a combination of her middle forename and a shortening of her surname. It was under this name that she opened her first fashion store in at 18 rue Jean-Goujon (/wiki/Jean_Goujon) in the 8th arrondissement (/wiki/8th_arrondissement_of_Paris) of Paris. Her first collections consisted of hand-knitted and hand-crocheted knitwear, couture, sports and also fur articles. (French: Trickots, Couture, Sports, Fourrures) . [14] (#cite_note-14) In 1938, the store moved to 108 rue Lauriston in the 16th arrondissement (/wiki/16th_arrondissement_of_Paris) . In the same year, she left the Société de War. [15] (#cite_note-15) Her daughter Vanina began to attract attention by producing her own creations and took over the fashion store on the rue Jean-Goujon. During the German occupation (/wiki/German-occupied_Europe) , she stayed on the French Riviera (/wiki/French_Riviera) and on the Atlantic (/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean) coast in Biarritz (/wiki/Biarritz) . She remained active and present on the fashion scene. With fashion houses like Worth, Heim and Henry La Pensée, she organized fashion shows such as in the Casino (/wiki/Casino) of Cannes. [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) After the liberation of Paris at the end of August 1944, she returned to the capital, locating her fashion business on the 5th floor of a building at 14, rue Clément-Marot (/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_Marot) [18] (#cite_note-18) in the 8th arrondissement. Her last fashion shop was located until her death on the Avenue Marceau (/wiki/Avenue_Marceau) , which connects the 8th arrondissement with the 16th. Kostio de War died on March 13, 1986, at the age of 89 in the Hôpital Ambroise-Paré (/wiki/Ambroise_Par%C3%A9) in Boulogne-Billancourt. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Fashion career [ edit ] Her collections retain a sober, classic style, but she combined unusual elements with her knitted and crochet items, something that distinguishes her designs from those of other couturiers. The material of her coats and suits is so finely knitted that it looks like woven fabric. "Knitwear has long since been promoted into the ranks of the nobility, and its elegance only increases when it comes from the hand of Kostio de War." (French: Le tricot a depuis longtemps conquis ses titres de noblesse, et son élégance ne fait que croître lorsqu’il est traité par Kostio de War.) – Comtesse de S. [19] (#cite_note-19) "Gold and blue embroidery (a pot of tulips) make both pockets remarkable by providing a very refined ornamental touch. Buttons of golden metal, scarf of gold thread... It's young, classical and very personal... These are qualities that are found in every costume made by Mme Kostio de War." (French: Une broderie or et bleu (un pot de tulipes) fait à la fois poches et ornement très raffiné. Boutons de métal or, écharpe de fils d'or... C'est jeune, Classic et très personnelle... Ces qualités, tous les costumes de Mme Kostio de War les contiennent.) – Lucien Lelong [20] (#cite_note-20) She fashioned tight-fitting evening gowns from gold or silver yarns (/wiki/Yarn) . One of her evening gowns is today in the collection of the Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) [21] (#cite_note-21) in London (/wiki/London) . A similar piece made out of copper yarn can be found in the collections of the musée des arts décoratifs [22] (#cite_note-22) in Paris. "And evening gowns (/wiki/Gown) , knitted in silk (/wiki/Silk) , mixed with gold or silver, very simple, but nevertheless almost fairylike in appearance. You feel compelled to bend over to look closely, to feel the material... it is difficult to believe... difficult to believe… and yet you are forced to face the obvious; this miracle is indeed knitwear." (French: Et des robes du soir, tricots de soie, mêlés à l'or ou l'argent, robes très simples, mais néanmoins d'aspect presque féerique. L'on se penche pour voir de près, pour palper la matière... on hésite... on hésite, et l'on est forcé de se rendre à l'évidence : ce miracle, c'est simplement du tricot.) – Denise Veber [23] (#cite_note-23) She also created suits, dinner jackets (/wiki/Black_tie) , hats (/wiki/Hat) , scarves (/wiki/Scarf) and caps (/wiki/Cap_(sport)) , sportswear (/wiki/Sportswear_(fashion)) (including clothes for cyclists (/wiki/Cycling) ), swimwear (/wiki/Swimsuit) and gloves (/wiki/Glove) . At the beginning of 1937, Kostio de War found a small album of knitting samples dating from 1830 on which she based the designs of her own creations. [24] (#cite_note-auto-24) Her designs and accessories were all knitted or crocheted by hand. They were showcased in various fashion magazines (/wiki/Magazine) such as L'Officiel de la Mode , Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) , Marianne , Femina , Excelsior and Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) . Her collections were photographed by photo studios such as Studio Franz, Juliette Lasserre's Studio, Studio Waroline and Studio Anzon. There are also images taken by Dora Maar (/wiki/Dora_Maar) , [25] (#cite_note-25) Jean Moral [26] (#cite_note-26) and Madame d'Ora (/wiki/Dora_Kallmus) ; [24] (#cite_note-auto-24) the latter took several portraits of the couturier herself. [27] (#cite_note-27) Among Kostio de Wars' contemporaries who shaped Parisian fashion between 1930 and 1950 were designers such as Anny Blatt, Elsa Schiaparelli (/wiki/Elsa_Schiaparelli) , Vera Borea (/wiki/Vera_Borea) , Lola Prusac (/wiki/Lola_Prusac) , Jean Patou (/wiki/Jean_Patou) , as well as Coco Chanel (/wiki/Coco_Chanel) , Jeanne Lanvin (/wiki/Jeanne_Lanvin) , Marcel Rochas (/wiki/Rochas) and Jacques Heim (/wiki/Jacques_Heim) . Among her clients and the wearers of her clothes were Gary Cooper (/wiki/Gary_Cooper) , Greta Garbo (/wiki/Greta_Garbo) , Yves Montand (/wiki/Yves_Montand) , Jean Marais (/wiki/Jean_Marais) , Louis Jouvet (/wiki/Louis_Jouvet) , Claude Dauphin (/wiki/Claude_Dauphin_(actor)) , Annabella (/wiki/Annabella_(actress)) and Suzy Solidor (/wiki/Suzy_Solidor) . [28] (#cite_note-28) [29] (#cite_note-29) [30] (#cite_note-30) In 2017, the Maison de War was reopened by Kostio de War's great-granddaughter, Sayana Gonzalez. [31] (#cite_note-31) Theater and film costumes [ edit ] For the play Baignoir B ou Toute la vérité by Maurice Diamant Berger that premiered at the Théâtre de Marigny in spring 1939, Kostio de War designed the costumes for the actresses Simone Renant (/wiki/Simone_Renant) , Betty Daussmond (/wiki/Betty_Daussmond) , Jany Holt (/wiki/Jany_Holt) and Germaine Bréty. [32] (#cite_note-32) [33] (#cite_note-33) Kostio de War designed the clothes, including a tight-fitting dark jacket with belt back, worn by the leading actor Marcel Dalio (/wiki/Marcel_Dalio) in Jean Renoir (/wiki/Jean_Renoir) ’s 1939 film La règle du jeu (/wiki/The_Rules_of_the_Game) . [34] (#cite_note-34) In 1952, as couturier, she provided the costumes for Alex Joffé (/wiki/Alex_Joff%C3%A9) 's feature film Lettre ouverte (/wiki/Lettre_ouverte) that featured Robert Lamoureux (/wiki/Robert_Lamoureux) and Geneviève Page (/wiki/Genevi%C3%A8ve_Page) . [35] (#cite_note-35) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c "Visionneuse - Archives de Paris" (http://archives.paris.fr/arkotheque/visionneuse/visionneuse.php?arko=YTo2OntzOjQ6ImRhdGUiO3M6MTA6IjIwMjAtMDYtMDQiO3M6MTA6InR5cGVfZm9uZHMiO3M6MTE6ImFya29fc2VyaWVsIjtzOjQ6InJlZjEiO2k6NDtzOjQ6InJlZjIiO2k6Mjc0NzAzO3M6MTY6InZpc2lvbm5ldXNlX2h0bWwiO2I6MTtzOjIxOiJ2aXNpb25uZXVzZV9odG1sX21vZGUiO3M6NDoicHJvZCI7fQ==#uielem_move=0,0&uielem_rotate=F&uielem_islocked=0&uielem_zoom=68) . archives.paris.fr . p. 3 . Retrieved 2020-06-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-:1_2-0) "Gil Blas / dir. A. Dumont" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k7537258h) . Gallica . 1914-01-23 . Retrieved 2020-06-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-:2_3-0) "Gil Blas / dir. A. Dumont" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k75372699) . Gallica . 1914-02-03 . Retrieved 2020-06-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Paris-midi : seul journal quotidien paraissant à midi / dir. Maurice de Waleffe" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k4720519v) . Gallica . 1914-02-04 . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Figaro : journal non politique" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k2902175) . Gallica . 1914-02-05 . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Figaro : journal non politique" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k290233b) . Gallica . 1914-02-21 . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Comoedia / rédacteur en chef : Gaston de Pawlowski" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k76471400) . Gallica . 1923-10-02 . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Humanities, National Endowment for the (1914-07-26). "The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, July 26, 1914, FOURTH SECTION PICTORIAL MAGAZINE, Image 37" (https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030272/1914-07-26/ed-1/seq-37/) . The Sun . p. 3. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1940-7831 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1940-7831) . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Excelsior : journal illustré quotidien : informations, littérature, sciences, arts, sports, théâtre, élégances" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k46066146) . Gallica . 1916-07-09 . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) República Argentina (1977-01-12). Boletín Oficial de la República Argentina. 1977 2da sección . Estado Argentino. ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Elle : l'hebdomadaire de la femme : tous les mercredis / rédacteur en chef Hélène Gordon-Lazareff" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3051637c) . Gallica . 1946-11-26 . Retrieved 2020-06-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Figaro : journal non politique" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k2940469) . Gallica . 1924-07-30 . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Chaffanjon, Arnaud (1964). Jean Racine et sa descendance (in French). Paris: Les Seize. p. 227. ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Figaro : journal non politique" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k298140f) . Gallica . 1935-08-03 . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Le Jour" (https://www.retronews.fr/journal/le-jour-1933-1944/17-decembre-1938/1125/2995211/5) . www.retronews.fr . 17 December 1938 . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Le Temps" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k264702v) . Gallica . 1942-06-27 . Retrieved 2020-06-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Figaro : journal non politique" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k411114g) . Gallica . 1942-07-09 . Retrieved 2020-06-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Gavroche 13 décembre 1945" (https://www.retronews.fr/journal/gavroche-1943-1944/13-decembre-1945/1455/2838635/6) . RetroNews - Le site de presse de la BnF (in French). 13 December 1945 . Retrieved 2020-06-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Figaro : journal non politique" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k409952j) . Gallica . 1938-08-18 . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Figaro : journal non politique" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k410156b) . Gallica . 1939-03-09 . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Evening dress and jacket \| de Warkoffska, Kostio \| V&A Search the Collections" (http://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O364742) . V and A Collections . 2020-06-24 . Retrieved 2020-06-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "ensemble 4 pièces" (http://collections.lesartsdecoratifs.fr/ensemble-4-pieces) . collections.lesartsdecoratifs.fr (in French) . Retrieved 2020-06-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Marianne : grand hebdomadaire littéraire illustré" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k7642224p) . Gallica . 1938-02-23 . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Paris-soir" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k7643117h) . Gallica . 1937-10-17 . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Rester jeune" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3277850t) . Gallica . August 1936 . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Ensemble Kostio de War \| Paris Musées" (http://www.parismuseescollections.paris.fr/fr/palais-galliera/oeuvres/ensemble-kostio-de-war-0#infos-principales) . www.parismuseescollections.paris.fr . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) www.arthistoricum.net (in German) https://www.arthistoricum.net/werkansicht/ (https://www.arthistoricum.net/werkansicht/) . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : Missing or empty \|title= ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title) ) ^ (#cite_ref-28) "Paris-presse, L'Intransigeant 17 décembre 1948" (https://www.retronews.fr/journal/paris-presse-l-intransigeant/17-decembre-1948/1355/3182393/2) . RetroNews - Le site de presse de la BnF (in French). 17 December 1948 . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) "Carrefour 23 juin 1948" (https://www.retronews.fr/journal/carrefour/23-jun-1948/1685/3104987/8) . RetroNews - Le site de presse de la BnF (in French). 23 June 1948 . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) "L'Aurore : organe de la résistance républicaine" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k4126434m) . Gallica . 1948-10-21 . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "deWAR" (https://www.dewarworld.com/about.php) . www.dewarworld.com . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) "L'Homme libre : journal quotidien du matin / rédacteur en chef, Georges Clemenceau ; directeur, Fr. Albert" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k75979041) . Gallica . 1939-04-18 . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "Le Jour 25 mai 1939" (https://www.retronews.fr/journal/le-jour/25-may-1939/1125/2825615/4) . RetroNews - Le site de presse de la BnF (in French). 25 May 1939. p. 4 . Retrieved 2020-09-04 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "Candide : grand hebdomadaire parisien et littéraire ["puis" littéraire et parisien]" (https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k46893661) . Gallica . 1939-02-22 . Retrieved 2020-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) Media History Digital Library (1952). La Cinématographie Française (Jul-Dec 1952) . Paris. p. 388. {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/9422159109716306900007) National Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/1211012301) People Deutsche Biographie (https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd1211012301.html?language=en) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐kqc5d Cached time: 20240715033819 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.429 seconds Real time usage: 0.572 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1669/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 56453/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 598/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 129108/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.299/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4766568/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 489.042 1 -total 55.30% 270.458 1 Template:Reflist 44.24% 216.376 31 Template:Cite_web 21.67% 105.989 1 Template:Authority_control 19.24% 94.108 1 Template:Short_description 8.45% 41.344 3 Template:Main_other 8.39% 41.032 2 Template:Pagetype 8.01% 39.163 1 Template:SDcat 2.82% 13.805 3 Template:Cite_book 1.13% 5.543 1 Template:Cite_news Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:64253767-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715033819 and revision id 1222387625. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kostio_de_War&oldid=1222387625 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kostio_de_War&oldid=1222387625) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : French fashion designers (/wiki/Category:French_fashion_designers) 1896 births (/wiki/Category:1896_births) 1986 deaths (/wiki/Category:1986_deaths) High fashion brands (/wiki/Category:High_fashion_brands) French stage actresses (/wiki/Category:French_stage_actresses) French businesspeople in fashion (/wiki/Category:French_businesspeople_in_fashion) Clothing brands (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands) Clothing companies established in 1935 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1935) French women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:French_women_fashion_designers) 20th-century French women (/wiki/Category:20th-century_French_women) Emigrants from the Russian Empire to France (/wiki/Category:Emigrants_from_the_Russian_Empire_to_France) Hidden categories: CS1 French-language sources (fr) (/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)) CS1 errors: missing title (/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_missing_title) CS1 errors: bare URL (/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_bare_URL) CS1 German-language sources (de) (/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)) CS1 maint: location missing publisher (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with GND identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_GND_identifiers) Articles with DTBIO identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_DTBIO_identifiers)
This file does not require a rating on Wikipedia's content assessment (/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_assessment) scale. It is of interest to the following WikiProjects (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject) : Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) This file is within the scope of WikiProject Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Fashion) and see a list of open tasks. Fashion Wikipedia:WikiProject Fashion Template:WikiProject Fashion fashion articles NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐56tj5 Cached time: 20240718220833 Cache expiry: 864000 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] DiscussionTools time usage: 0.005 seconds CPU time usage: 0.117 seconds Real time usage: 0.162 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 132/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 8497/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 7/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 7430/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.089/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1606170/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 139.968 1 Template:WikiProject_banner_shell 100.00% 139.968 1 -total 54.61% 76.440 1 Template:WikiProject_Fashion 1.65% 2.315 1 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:76150909-0!canonical and timestamp 20240718220833 and revision id 1224955259. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File_talk:1932ThurnAsymetricalEveningDress.jpg&oldid=1224955259 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File_talk:1932ThurnAsymetricalEveningDress.jpg&oldid=1224955259) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : File-Class fashion articles (/wiki/Category:File-Class_fashion_articles) NA-importance fashion articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_fashion_articles)
South African fashion model (born 1991) Carmen Solomons Born Carmen Lee Solomons ( 1991-05-28 ) 28 May 1991 (age 33) Kraaifontein (/wiki/Kraaifontein) , South Africa (/wiki/South_Africa) Nationality South African (/wiki/South_Africa) Occupation Fashion model (/wiki/Fashion_model) Modeling information Height 1.71 m (5 ft 7 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) Hair color Red Eye color Green Agency Major Model Management (New York) Boss Models (Cape Town) Scoop Models (Copenhagen) Core Artist Management (Hamburg) Photogenics LA (Los Angeles) [1] (#cite_note-1) Carmen Lee Solomons is a South African fashion model. She is best known as one of the faces of Fenty Beauty (/wiki/Fenty_Beauty) and Kylie Cosmetics (/wiki/Kylie_Cosmetics) . [2] (#cite_note-2) Early life [ edit ] Solomons was born in the town of Kraaifontein (/wiki/Kraaifontein) just outside Cape Town (/wiki/Cape_Town) . [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-COSMOZA-4) Before modelling, Solomons worked as a secretary at a medical office. [5] (#cite_note-HUFFPOZA-5) Career [ edit ] Solomons has modeled for Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) 's Yeezy clothing line. She has also modeled for the Kendall (/wiki/Kendall_Jenner) + Kylie (/wiki/Kylie_Jenner) clothing line. [6] (#cite_note-6) She has appeared in music videos for recording artists Usher (/wiki/Usher_(singer)) and Cardi B (/wiki/Cardi_B) . [4] (#cite_note-COSMOZA-4) She has also appeared in an Aerie (/wiki/Aerie_(American_Eagle_Outfitters)) campaign. [7] (#cite_note-7) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Carmen Solomons - Model" (https://models.com/models/carmen-solomons) . models.com. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Local model makes it big in beauty!" (https://www.glamour.co.za/beauty/trends/local-model-makes-it-big-in-beauty-17320665) . Glamour South Africa . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Cape Town woman stars in Rihanna's beauty campaign" (https://www.capetownetc.com/style/cape-town-woman-stars-in-rihannas-new-beauty-product-campaign/) . Cape Town ETC . ^ Jump up to: a b "SA Model Carmen Lee Solomons is Changing the Face of Beauty" (https://web.archive.org/web/20190226111311/https://www.cosmopolitan.co.za/celebrity-news/sa-model-carmen-lee-solmons-changing-face-beauty/) . Cosmopolitan South Africa . Archived from the original (https://www.cosmopolitan.co.za/celebrity-news/sa-model-carmen-lee-solmons-changing-face-beauty/) on 26 February 2019. I'm 100% African. ^ (#cite_ref-HUFFPOZA_5-0) " (https://m.huffingtonpost.co.za/2017/04/19/the-universe-kept-sending-me-hints-how-capetonian-carmen-solo_a_22045849/) 'The Universe Kept Sending Me Hints': How Capetonian Carmen Solomons Became One Hot Model" (https://m.huffingtonpost.co.za/2017/04/19/the-universe-kept-sending-me-hints-how-capetonian-carmen-solo_a_22045849/) . Huffington Post South Africa . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "The Latest Face Of Fenty Beauty Is South African And We're Thrilled" (https://web.archive.org/web/20190226172846/http://www.marieclaire.co.za/latest-news/cape-town-model-carmen-solomons-appears-in-latest-fenty-beauty-campaign) . Marie Claire South Africa . Archived from the original (http://www.marieclaire.co.za/latest-news/cape-town-model-carmen-solomons-appears-in-latest-fenty-beauty-campaign) on 26 February 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-7) "YOU HAVE TO SEE AERIE REAL'S FALL 2017 CAMPAIGN" (https://www.fashiongonerogue.com/aerie-real-fall-2017-campaign) . Fashion Gone Rogue . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.canary‐6887899b49‐hp956 Cached time: 20240624013225 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.331 seconds Real time usage: 0.482 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2229/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 24933/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4350/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 29779/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.238/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7693576/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 465.844 1 -total 44.04% 205.143 1 Template:Infobox_model 28.79% 134.122 1 Template:Reflist 25.13% 117.056 7 Template:Cite_web 22.82% 106.299 1 Template:Short_description 13.60% 63.366 20 Template:Main_other 10.55% 49.144 1 Template:SDcat 9.21% 42.890 2 Template:Pagetype 9.10% 42.399 1 Template:Infobox 8.30% 38.647 1 Template:Height Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:60075092-0!canonical and timestamp 20240624013225 and revision id 1227415339. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carmen_Solomons&oldid=1227415339 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carmen_Solomons&oldid=1227415339) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : South African female models (/wiki/Category:South_African_female_models) People from Cape Town (/wiki/Category:People_from_Cape_Town) 1991 births (/wiki/Category:1991_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from April 2022 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2022) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards)
Clothing design and manufacturing company Boboli Industry Children's clothing Founded 1984 Founder Teresa Ochoa Key people Mónica Algás and Arancha Algás (co-CEOs) Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) Star Textil Website www (https://www.boboli.es/int/) .boboli (https://www.boboli.es/int/) .es (https://www.boboli.es/int/) /int (https://www.boboli.es/int/) / (https://www.boboli.es/int/) Boboli is a Spanish children’s fashion line. History [ edit ] Boboli was founded in 1984 [1] (#cite_note-1) by Teresa Ochoa. [2] (#cite_note-2) The company is owned by Catalan (/wiki/Catalonia) fashion company Star Textil, which is chaired by Francisco Algás Martínez, [3] (#cite_note-Ec-3) Ochoa’s husband. [4] (#cite_note-Ab-4) Mónica Algás and Arancha Algás are the current CEOs (/wiki/CEO) of Boboli. [5] (#cite_note-Lu-5) Clothing [ edit ] The company produces children’s clothing, [6] (#cite_note-6) for both summer and winter seasons. [7] (#cite_note-7) It has four different lines, for newborn, toddler, girls, and boys, [4] (#cite_note-Ab-4) including clothing for teenagers. [8] (#cite_note-Ep-8) Boboli exhibits its new seasons during runway shows at Barcelona Fashion Week (/wiki/Fashion_week) , [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) in addition to Florence, and several other international trade shows. It is for sale in regions including Europe, Asia, and the Americas. [8] (#cite_note-Ep-8) [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) Boboli is sold in approximately 1700 stores across fifty countries, [13] (#cite_note-El-13) in addition Star Textil’s multi-brand stores and about 55 single-brand Boboli stores. [14] (#cite_note-Es-14) Operations [ edit ] In 2008, Boboli became the first Spanish fashion company to include RFID (/wiki/RFID) tracking in its clothing in order to track its internal products during storage, shipping, and distribution. [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) The company has partnered with non-profits including Fundación Garrigou. [13] (#cite_note-El-13) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Look who's back" (http://www.bubblelondon.com/Blog/Look-Who-s-Back) . Bubble London. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "New Boboli Collection now in at Charlie Barley" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170815024219/http://www.brilliantbrighton.com/news/new-boboli-collection-now-in-at-charlie-barley/) . Brilliant Brighton. Archived from the original (http://www.brilliantbrighton.com/news/new-boboli-collection-now-in-at-charlie-barley/) on 2017-08-15 . Retrieved 2017-08-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-Ec_3-0) "La dueña de la marca infantil Bóboli crece con vigor: gana 1,8 millones" (http://www.economiadigital.es/directivos-y-empresas/la-duena-de-la-marca-infantil-boboli-crece-con-vigor-gana-1-8-millones_172351_102.html) . ^ Jump up to: a b "The ABC Show - Boboli: Bright Ideas from Sunny Spain" (http://www.theabcshow.myindustrytracker.com/en/article/61344/boboli-bright-ideas-from-sunny-spain) . www.theabcshow.myindustrytracker.com . ^ (#cite_ref-Lu_5-0) "Interview mit boboli @Pitti Bimbo - Luna Journal" (http://www.lunajournal.biz/de/interview-mit-boboli-pitti-bimbo/) . 1 August 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Boboli Primavera/Verão 2016" (http://www.maxima.pt/moda/noticias/detalhe/boboli-primaveraverao-2016) . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "All about the "Children's Fashion from Spain" fashion show - Luna Journal" (http://www.lunajournal.biz/childrens-fashion-spain-fashion-show/) . 21 January 2017. ^ Jump up to: a b "BOBOLI SUMMER 2018" (http://www.lesenfantsaparis.com/boboli-summer-2018/) . 24 June 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Muñoz, Mayte. "Los más pequeños cierran la pasarela 080 Barcelona Fashion 2015" (https://www.modalia.es/disenadores/pasarelas/barcelona/7837-desfile-boboli-080-barcelona-fashion.html) . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Bóboli y CND by Cóndor, el toque infantil de la 080 Barcelona Fashion - Republica.com" (http://www.republica.com/2014/07/02/boboli-y-cnd-by-condor-el-toque-infantil-de-la-080-barcelona-fashion/) . 2 July 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Quality kids' wear from China - report from FIMI 2013, Valencia - HKTDC" (http://economists-pick-research.hktdc.com/business-news/article/International-Market-News/Quality-kids-wear-from-China-report-from-FIMI-2013-Valencia/imn/en/1/1X000000/1X09S67B.htm) . economists-pick-research.hktdc.com . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Dal Pitti: Children's Fashion from Spain - Vogue.it" (http://www.vogue.it/vogue-bambini/fashion/2017/06/22/dal-pitti-childrens-fashion-from-spain/) . 22 June 2017. ^ Jump up to: a b "Los niños VIP visten 'made in spain' (http://www.elmundo.es/yodona/moda/2017/03/19/58ca970f46163f2f7c8b4609.html) " (http://www.elmundo.es/yodona/moda/2017/03/19/58ca970f46163f2f7c8b4609.html) . ^ (#cite_ref-Es_14-0) Valladares, FashionNetwork.com, Elena Campos. "Boboli estrena imagen corporativa y prepara nuevas aperturas" (http://es.fashionnetwork.com/news/Boboli-estrena-imagen-corporativa-y-prepara-nuevas-aperturas,683159.html#.WV12woTyvIV) . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) ) ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Spanish kids clothier introduces RFID tracking - SecureIDNews" (https://www.secureidnews.com/news-item/spanish-kids-clothier-introduces-rfid-tracking/) . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Boboli to Use EPC Gen 2 Tags to Track Tyke Togs" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170814215600/http://www.rfidjournal.com/articles/view?4136) . RFID Journal . 2008-06-16. Archived from the original (http://www.rfidjournal.com/articles/view?4136) on August 14, 2017. External links [ edit ] www (https://www.boboli.es) .boboli (https://www.boboli.es) .es (https://www.boboli.es) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5cfcf75555‐c69tv Cached time: 20240627064223 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.292 seconds Real time usage: 0.373 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1684/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 28385/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1228/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 58652/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.190/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6193693/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 354.930 1 -total 44.41% 157.637 1 Template:Reflist 38.75% 137.552 16 Template:Cite_web 30.94% 109.818 1 Template:Infobox_company 22.82% 80.997 1 Template:Infobox 21.76% 77.224 1 Template:Short_description 12.47% 44.266 2 Template:Pagetype 10.99% 39.021 8 Template:Main_other 5.17% 18.344 1 Template:SDcat 4.93% 17.493 1 Template:Wikidata Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:54895541-0!canonical and timestamp 20240627064223 and revision id 1221064590. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boboli_(clothing)&oldid=1221064590 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boboli_(clothing)&oldid=1221064590) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1984 establishments in Catalonia (/wiki/Category:1984_establishments_in_Catalonia) Spanish companies established in 1984 (/wiki/Category:Spanish_companies_established_in_1984) Clothing companies of Spain (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_of_Spain) Hidden categories: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata)
American fashion designer Karl Kani Company type Private Industry Fashion Founded Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) , United States (/wiki/United_States) (1989) Founder Carl Williams Products Apparel and accessories Website www.karlkani.com (http://www.karlkani.com/) Karl Kani ( / (/wiki/Help:IPA/English) k ə ˈ n aɪ / (/wiki/Help:IPA/English) ; born Carl Williams on May 23, 1968 in Limon (/wiki/Limon,_Costa_Rica) , Costa Rica (/wiki/Costa_Rica) ) is a Costa Rican fashion designer, founder and CEO (/wiki/CEO) of the hip hop fashion (/wiki/Hip_hop_fashion) brand Karl Kani. He comes from a modest family from Brooklyn, New York. [1] (#cite_note-Quintanilla-1) When he was young, he dreamed of combining his passion for hip hop music and fashion. History [ edit ] Early life [ edit ] Carl Williams was born in Costa Rica (/wiki/Costa_Rica) to a Panamanian father and Costa Rican mother. The family migrated to the United States in the late 1960s, and he grew up in Flatbush, Brooklyn (/wiki/Flatbush,_Brooklyn) . [2] (#cite_note-Here-to-Infinity-2) [1] (#cite_note-Quintanilla-1) [3] (#cite_note-3) Early career [ edit ] At age 16, Williams started designing clothes after learning the essential handcraft at his father's company. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) He never studied tailoring or design, but he had flair for coming up with unusual concepts. He would buy material and tell a tailor exactly how he wanted his garments to look. "For a relatively small sum", as he put it, "I had a fresh outfit that nobody had." [6] (#cite_note-BE-94-95-6) After seeing him on the scene in local clubs, men started asking for a Carl Williams outfit of their own. Soon he was taking his first orders in his car. The death of one of his close friends inspired some deep contemplation. "It made me think about life differently", he added "I thought I should really do something positive." [6] (#cite_note-BE-94-95-6) In 1989 he went to Los Angeles, where he and a friend opened a clothing shop on Crenshaw Boulevard (/wiki/Crenshaw_Boulevard) . [7] (#cite_note-7) They made no profit at this location, and after the shop was robbed, they moved to Hollywood (/wiki/Hollywood,_Los_Angeles) , where he started selling catalogs for $2 that he and his partner had put together. They only made profit from the catalog sales and did not sell any clothes. He decided to take out an advertisement in Right On! (/wiki/Right_On!_(magazine)) Magazine , but that did not jumpstart sales. [8] (#cite_note-Karl_Kani-8) Brand name [ edit ] Carl Williams symbolizes the "American Dream". During Williams's rough start in Los Angeles, the question that had obsessed him for years, "Can I do it?", remained unanswered. He kept asking himself: "Can I do it? Can I build a fashion empire? Can I become the ' Ralph Lauren (/wiki/Ralph_Lauren) of the streets'?" It provided the basis for his new name, Kani, a variation on "Can I?". [6] (#cite_note-BE-94-95-6) In 1989 Karl Kani was launched as a hip hop fashion (/wiki/Hip_hop_fashion) brand. He was inspired by his passion for hip hop music and fashion and decided to design clothes that appealed to a large public, including friends and celebrities from his hometown Brooklyn, New York. [6] (#cite_note-BE-94-95-6) Karl Kani Infinity [ edit ] After watching The Today Show (/wiki/The_Today_Show) , Kani had the idea of paying a friend in New York to make a sign with his label's name on it and hold it up during the taping of the show. The idea worked as people started calling and orders began to come in. [8] (#cite_note-Karl_Kani-8) Kani modified the baggy pants (/wiki/Baggy_pants) that had become popular in street fashion (/wiki/Street_fashion) . According to him, black people never liked tight-fitting jeans. [9] (#cite_note-Boston_Globe_1993,_p._61-9) They would always buy a bigger size but then the waist would be too big, so he decided to increase the pant size. In 1994, Kani used $500,000 in profits to launch his company "Karl Kani Infinity". In addition to his old partners, Kani now faced a marketing onslaught from hip-hop entrepreneur Russell Simmons (/wiki/Russell_Simmons) 's Phat Farm and a number of mainstream clothiers. He also had reason to worry that his involvement in Cross Colours (/wiki/Cross_Colours) might taint his operation in the minds of retailers. "I expected some resistance", Kani said. "A major turning point for me was when retailers accepted us back into the market." [6] (#cite_note-BE-94-95-6) Staying ahead of fashion counterfeiters who aped his signature and sold cheaper versions of his clothes, Kani began fastening a metal-and-leather plate to his product. [10] (#cite_note-Vibe,_October_1994,_pp._59-62-10) After some resistance from the people who made the plates, Kani decided to go ahead with it and it turned out to be his best-selling jeans ever. Karl Kani Big & Tall [ edit ] The idea for the big & tall line came to Kani after numerous conversations with National Basketball Association (/wiki/National_Basketball_Association) stars, who complained that they could not fit into much of his merchandise. Big and tall people may be just as fashion-conscious as anyone else, so Kani launched his line in mid-1995 in big & tall stores around the country. [2] (#cite_note-Here-to-Infinity-2) Kani Ladies [ edit ] Kani Ladies is a fashion label for young women launched in 2001 as a sister of the brand Karl Kani. Kani Ladies started with a small urban collection next to the men’s collection and was sold in the same stores as Karl Kani. In the following years, Kani Ladies evolved into an independent label for young women. Kani Ladies offers a wide range of jeans (/wiki/Jeans) , dresses (/wiki/Dresses) , shorts (/wiki/Shorts) , tops (/wiki/Top_(clothing)) and more. Besides clothing, the brand also includes jewelry, bags and shoes. In 1998 Kani Ladies launched its first European (/wiki/Europe) collection. What started as a small collection next to the Karl Kani men collection has since evolved into an independent fashion label. The brand has been featured in fashion magazines like Cosmogirl (/wiki/Cosmogirl) , Elle Girl (/wiki/Elle_Girl) , and Glamour (/wiki/Glamour_(magazine)) , and TV shows like the Idols franchise (/wiki/Idol_series) . Legacy [ edit ] Kani has been called "The godfather of hip-hop clothes", and paved the way for other hip hop fashion brands. [1] (#cite_note-Quintanilla-1) [11] (#cite_note-11) He spotted an area in the market that had been ignored and paved the way for other hip hop fashion brands. [10] (#cite_note-Vibe,_October_1994,_pp._59-62-10) He was the fashion choice of rap superstar Tupac Shakur (/wiki/Tupac_Shakur) who in 1994 did a campaign for the fashion label and did not charge for his time. [ citation needed ] Awards [ edit ] Black Enterprise (/wiki/Black_Enterprise) magazine named Karl Kani Infinity Corporation the most successful Black owned firm worldwide in 1996. [2] (#cite_note-Here-to-Infinity-2) In 2002 Kani was honored with an Urban Fashion Pioneer Award for his lifetime achievements, at the Urban Fashion Awards. [12] (#cite_note-12) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c Quintanilla, Michael (1999-09-10). "Stylemaker / Karl Kani : New School : The godfather of hip-hop clothes heads into different territory with business suits and women's and children's wear" (https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-sep-10-cl-8525-story.html) . Los Angeles Times (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times) . Retrieved 2022-10-13 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Muhammad, Tariq K. (June 1996). "From here to infinity: Karl Kani" (https://web.archive.org/web/20080222123030/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1365/is_n11_v26/ai_18319774) . Black Enterprise (/wiki/Black_Enterprise) . Vol. 26, no. 11. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0006-4165 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0006-4165) . Archived from the original (http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1365/is_n11_v26/ai_18319774) on 2008-02-22 . Retrieved 2023-05-07 – via BNET (/wiki/BNET) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Karl Kani" (https://www.thegreydistrict.com/style/karl-kani) . 15 May 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-4) "[untitled]". Detroit Free Press . August 20, 1993. p. 1F. ^ (#cite_ref-5) "[untitled]". Detroit Free Press . August 1, 1994. p. 4C. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Kevin D. Thompson (June 1995). "Black Enterprise". Black Enterprise (/wiki/Black_Enterprise) . Vol. 25, no. 11. p. 114(6). ^ (#cite_ref-7) "[untitled]". Newsweek . October 31, 1994. ^ Jump up to: a b "Karl Kani" (http://fashiongraduatejpw.blogspot.com/2007/12/karl-kani-is-in-building.html) . December 2007. ^ (#cite_ref-Boston_Globe_1993,_p._61_9-0) "[untitled]". Boston Globe . Section 3. November 30, 1993. p. 61. {{ cite news (/wiki/Template:Cite_news) }} : CS1 maint: others ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) ) ^ Jump up to: a b "[untitled]". Vibe (/wiki/Vibe_(magazine)) . October 1994. pp. 59–62. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Re'Neise Francis (11 May 2004). "P. Diddy Makes Big Moves on 5th Avenue". The Hilltop Online . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Shaheem Reid. "VH1, Snoop Dogg takes home New Urban Fashion Celebrity Line trophy" (https://web.archive.org/web/20090214020501/http://www.vh1.com/artists/news/1455217/20020614/may_lady.jhtml) . Archived from the original (http://www.vh1.com/artists/news/1455217/20020614/may_lady.jhtml) on February 14, 2009. External links [ edit ] Karl Kani official website (http://www.karlkani.com) Kani Ladies' Official Website (http://www.kani-ladies.com) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐dlgh7 Cached time: 20240713180117 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.298 seconds Real time usage: 0.467 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1845/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 22307/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1298/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 45289/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.188/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6860579/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 439.902 1 -total 32.96% 145.009 1 Template:Reflist 30.38% 133.645 1 Template:Short_description 20.77% 91.355 3 Template:Cite_web 18.57% 81.703 7 Template:Main_other 18.15% 79.834 1 Template:Infobox_company 17.99% 79.123 1 Template:SDcat 15.85% 69.723 1 Template:Infobox 9.29% 40.862 2 Template:Pagetype 7.94% 34.918 9 Template:Cite_news Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:18877865-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713180117 and revision id 1218046297. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karl_Kani&oldid=1218046297 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karl_Kani&oldid=1218046297) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing brands (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands) American fashion designers (/wiki/Category:American_fashion_designers) Costa Rican emigrants to the United States (/wiki/Category:Costa_Rican_emigrants_to_the_United_States) American people of Panamanian descent (/wiki/Category:American_people_of_Panamanian_descent) Companies established in 1989 (/wiki/Category:Companies_established_in_1989) Suit makers (/wiki/Category:Suit_makers) 1968 births (/wiki/Category:1968_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Hip hop fashion (/wiki/Category:Hip_hop_fashion) Hidden categories: CS1 maint: others (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from May 2023 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_May_2023)
For the English footballer, see Doug Hayward (footballer) (/wiki/Doug_Hayward_(footballer)) . Doug Hayward Born Douglas Frederick Cornelius Hayward ( 1934-10-05 ) 5 October 1934 Died 26 April 2008 (2008-04-26) (aged 73) Occupations Fashion designer bespoke tailor Douglas Frederick Cornelius Hayward (5 October 1934 – 26 April 2008), [1] (#cite_note-TimesObit-1) was an English fashion designer and bespoke tailor, who dressed many famous people during the 1960s. The inspiration for customer Michael Caine (/wiki/Michael_Caine) 's characterisation of his role in the 1966 film Alfie (/wiki/Alfie_(1966_film)) , [2] (#cite_note-Indp818054-2) [3] (#cite_note-GuardObit-3) he was also the model for client John le Carré (/wiki/John_le_Carr%C3%A9) 's Harry Pendel, aka The Tailor of Panama (/wiki/The_Tailor_of_Panama) . [2] (#cite_note-Indp818054-2) Early life [ edit ] Born to working-class parents in Kensington (/wiki/Kensington) , West London, [2] (#cite_note-Indp818054-2) [1] (#cite_note-TimesObit-1) Hayward and his brother grew up in Hayes (/wiki/Hayes,_Hillingdon) . [1] (#cite_note-TimesObit-1) His father cleaned heating boilers (/wiki/Boiler_(steam_generator)) for the BBC (/wiki/BBC) and worked a second job cleaning buses in Uxbridge (/wiki/Uxbridge) ; while his mother worked during World War II in a munitions (/wiki/Munitions) factory. [1] (#cite_note-TimesObit-1) [2] (#cite_note-Indp818054-2) Hayward won a scholarship to Southall Grammar School (/wiki/Southall_Grammar_School) . [3] (#cite_note-GuardObit-3) He had a trial at inside-left for the Middlesex county football team, but lost out to Johnny Haynes (/wiki/Johnny_Haynes) , who was also a left footer. [1] (#cite_note-TimesObit-1) Career [ edit ] Hayward left school at 15, looking for a white-collar job: [4] (#cite_note-TelgObit-4) We didn't have a careers master, but I found a booklet which listed possible occupations. I went down the list and when I got to T for tailor, I thought: "I don't know any tailors. I can't ever be judged as being a bad or a good one, so I'll be a tailor." He was apprenticed to a Shepherd's Bush Green (/wiki/Shepherd%27s_Bush_Green) tailor who visited the flats in Cadogan Square (/wiki/Cadogan_Square) , where his uncle was a caretaker. [2] (#cite_note-Indp818054-2) During this period he worked a summer in Clacton-on-Sea (/wiki/Clacton-on-Sea) as a Butlins Redcoat (/wiki/Butlins_Redcoat) , [1] (#cite_note-TimesObit-1) and after finishing his apprenticeship served his National Service (/wiki/National_Service) in the Royal Navy (/wiki/Royal_Navy) , an experience he later admitted got him focused. [3] (#cite_note-GuardObit-3) Returning to civilian life, he continued working for his original employer, but also started after hours work on his own creations. Early clients like Peter Sellers (/wiki/Peter_Sellers) , Terence Stamp (/wiki/Terence_Stamp) and lyricist Herbert Kretzmer (/wiki/Herbert_Kretzmer) , [ citation needed ] came through his excellent theatrical links at the local theatre, the BBC's Lime Grove Studios (/wiki/Lime_Grove_Studios) , or through his first wife, Diana, sister-in-law of film director Basil Dearden (/wiki/Basil_Dearden) . [3] (#cite_note-GuardObit-3) Unable to gain a cutters job on either Savile Row (/wiki/Savile_Row) or even Oxford Street (/wiki/Oxford_Street) due to his Cockney (/wiki/Cockney#Dialect) accent, [2] (#cite_note-Indp818054-2) Hayward then joined fellow showbiz specialist tailor Dimitrio Major, based in Fulham (/wiki/Fulham) . It was here that he developed a service mentality, driving his Mini Countryman (/wiki/Mini#Morris_Mini_Traveller_and_Austin_Mini_Countryman_(1961–1969)) estate car to allow him to attend customers wherever required, including Richard Burton (/wiki/Richard_Burton) at the Dorchester Hotel (/wiki/Dorchester_Hotel) . [3] (#cite_note-GuardObit-3) [4] (#cite_note-TelgObit-4) Hayward first set up on his own operating out of a small room in London's Pall Mall, before moving to 95 Mount Street in Mayfair in 1966 where he lived above the shop which soon became a club for his famous clients. In the rear was the cutting room overlooking the Mount Street Gardens. His weekend home was on the Oxfordshire (/wiki/Oxfordshire) estate of client and friend Lord Hambleden (/wiki/Lord_Hambleden) , [4] (#cite_note-TelgObit-4) near Henley on Thames (/wiki/Henley_on_Thames) ; [1] (#cite_note-TimesObit-1) Described by many as like a gentlemen's club (/wiki/Gentlemen%27s_club) , the shop acted as a hub for all of Hayward's clients when in London. Tea or something stronger was often served and the coffee table was littered with autographed copies of books written by writer clients including Joseph Heller who wrote Catch 22 Doug's favourite book. There was also a collection of teddy bears (/wiki/Teddy_bear) , a gift from his client Ralph Lauren (/wiki/Ralph_Lauren) , whose later Purple Label line was inspired and advised by Hayward. [3] (#cite_note-GuardObit-3) but Hayward's best pal was his Jack Russell terrier Burt who had his own made to measure suits. Client Michael Parkinson (/wiki/Michael_Parkinson) said of the shop: [2] (#cite_note-Indp818054-2) Hayward ran the best salon in London. Anybody who's anybody was there. It soon became apparent in the 1970s that everyone that was in town to do the show would visit there. I met Alec Guinness (/wiki/Alec_Guinness) there and Tony Bennett. He had this great ability to treat everybody the same. Hayward's client list included: actors Clint Eastwood (/wiki/Clint_Eastwood) , Sir John Gielgud (/wiki/John_Gielgud) , Michael Caine (/wiki/Michael_Caine) , Terence Stamp (/wiki/Terence_Stamp) , Ray Austin (/wiki/Ray_Austin_(director)) ; film director Rex Harrison (/wiki/Rex_Harrison) , Steve McQueen (/wiki/Steve_McQueen) and John Osborne (/wiki/John_Osborne) ; actor Tommy Steele (/wiki/Tommy_Steele) ; singer Tony Bennett (/wiki/Tony_Bennett) ; newsreader Tom Brokaw (/wiki/Tom_Brokaw) ; footballer and 1966 World Cup England captain Bobby Moore (/wiki/Bobby_Moore) ; [3] (#cite_note-GuardObit-3) Formula 1 (/wiki/Formula_1) world champion Sir Jackie Stewart (/wiki/Jackie_Stewart) ; and businessmen Lord Hanson (/wiki/James_Hanson,_Baron_Hanson) and Mark Birley (/wiki/Mark_Birley) . [1] (#cite_note-TimesObit-1) Female clients included Faye Dunaway (/wiki/Faye_Dunaway) , Mia Farrow (/wiki/Mia_Farrow) , Jean Shrimpton (/wiki/Jean_Shrimpton) and Sharon Tate (/wiki/Sharon_Tate) . His design of suits for singer Mick Jagger (/wiki/Mick_Jagger) lead him to designing the wedding suit for Bianca Jagger (/wiki/Bianca_Jagger) , and later many of her iconic white jumpsuits (/wiki/Jumpsuit) . His film credits included Caine's suits in The Italian Job (/wiki/The_Italian_Job) , and Roger Moore (/wiki/Roger_Moore) in James Bond (/wiki/James_Bond) . Actor James Coburn (/wiki/James_Coburn) called Hayward "the Rodin (/wiki/Auguste_Rodin) of tweed". [3] (#cite_note-GuardObit-3) Many of his clients became close friends. An early friend was Ralph Lauren, who met Dougie in the early 80's on one of his first visits to London. Ralph realized that Hayward's approach to his clients, and their corresponding support of his style and tailoring, was very similar to his own and exactly what he envisioned for his eventual entry into the London market. Dougie recognized Ralph's ideas and talent and became a great friend and supporter. In his approach to his clientele as a complete source of style, Hayward sold hand-made shoes, and his own line of watches and leather luggage. [4] (#cite_note-TelgObit-4) He lectured at the Royal College of Art (/wiki/Royal_College_of_Art) on tailoring, placing emphasis on cutting: "You can't do anything unless you can cut." [4] (#cite_note-TelgObit-4) Pragmatic and undemanding of his clients body, Hayward believed that any one could be made to look sleeker: [3] (#cite_note-GuardObit-3) People always wanted to know who had been the tailor to Cary Grant (/wiki/Cary_Grant) or Fred Astaire (/wiki/Fred_Astaire) . But what I'd want to know is who was Sydney Greenstreet (/wiki/Sydney_Greenstreet) 's tailor? He was a large man in The Maltese Falcon (/wiki/The_Maltese_Falcon_(1941_film)) and Casablanca (/wiki/Casablanca_(film)) , who always looked good. Every week until her death in 1984, he visited his mother, Winifred. Each time he would present her with a £1 note, to pay for her Meals on Wheels (/wiki/Meals_on_Wheels) . He also gave her regular sums of money, always in cash. Convinced that her son was running either a brothel or a game of chemmy (/wiki/Baccarat) , she kept it all. After her death, the family found it beneath her bed in 15 empty ice cream boxes, with a note: "This money is to get Doug out of prison when they finally get him." [3] (#cite_note-GuardObit-3) [4] (#cite_note-TelgObit-4) Media influence [ edit ] Hayward provided the real-life inspiration for his friend Michael Caine's most iconic screen role, serial philanderer Alfie Elkins (/wiki/Alfie_(1966_film)) . [2] (#cite_note-Indp818054-2) He was also the model for client John le Carré (/wiki/John_le_Carr%C3%A9) 's Harry Pendel, aka The Tailor of Panama (/wiki/The_Tailor_of_Panama) . [2] (#cite_note-Indp818054-2) Personal life [ edit ] Married twice, his first wife was Diana, sister-in-law of film director Basil Dearden. His second was journalist Glenys Roberts (/wiki/Glenys_Roberts) , with whom he had a daughter Polly, who later became his business partner. [4] (#cite_note-TelgObit-4) Roberts divorced Hayward in 1978. Hayward was so charming many women claimed to be his lovers. In 1973 he made a full-length double cashmere (/wiki/Cashmere_wool) coat for Janet Street Porter. [3] (#cite_note-GuardObit-3) Hayward had a lifelong love for football. [2] (#cite_note-Indp818054-2) A boyhood fan of both of Fulham (/wiki/Fulham_F.C.) and Arsenal (/wiki/Arsenal_F.C.) , [2] (#cite_note-Indp818054-2) although on Saturdays after lunch on the King's Road (/wiki/King%27s_Road) he would head to Stamford Bridge (/wiki/Stamford_Bridge_(stadium)) to watch Chelsea (/wiki/Chelsea_F.C.) . [1] (#cite_note-TimesObit-1) Hayward had his own team, the Mount Street Marchers and Social Club. [3] (#cite_note-GuardObit-3) The amateur team played in arranged matches on Hyde Park (/wiki/Hyde_Park,_London) on Sunday mornings, whom he talked clients and actors Richard Harris (/wiki/Richard_Harris) and Tom Courtenay (/wiki/Tom_Courtenay) , and occasionally Bobby Moore, into appearing for. [3] (#cite_note-GuardObit-3) In 1970 he persuaded the Rank Organisation (/wiki/Rank_Organisation) to pay for his team to fly to Mexico for the 1970 World Cup (/wiki/1970_FIFA_World_Cup) . Believing that they were going to get an exclusive documentary about the England team, Rank were presented with footage of Hayward enjoying himself against local park sides. [1] (#cite_note-TimesObit-1) Every Thursday, he would lunch at Harrys Bar with friends: photographer Terry O'Neill, hair expert Philip Kingsley, the owner of Tramp nightclub Johnny Gold and Michael Caine (/wiki/Michael_Caine) . The four of them made up the Mayfair Orphans' Club. [2] (#cite_note-Indp818054-2) His friendship with the Queen's cousin Patrick Anson, 5th Earl of Lichfield (/wiki/Patrick_Anson,_5th_Earl_of_Lichfield) , led to them founding dining club Burkes. Invited to Lichfield's home on the Caribbean island of Mustique (/wiki/Mustique) , he struck up a friendship with Princess Margaret (/wiki/Princess_Margaret) , where the pair performed Cole Porter (/wiki/Cole_Porter) songs. [2] (#cite_note-Indp818054-2) Hayward suffered a fall in 1996, and there followed a long period of ill health before his death brought on by vascular dementia. [1] (#cite_note-TimesObit-1) Hayward died in a London hospice. [2] (#cite_note-Indp818054-2) A lifelong agnostic, Hayward received the last rites (/wiki/Last_rites) from a Roman Catholic (/wiki/Roman_Catholic) priest before his death, on which his daughter and business partner, Polly, commented: "Typical jammy bastard—gets forgiven all his sins right at the end." [2] (#cite_note-Indp818054-2) Filmography [ edit ] Year Title Role Notes 1966 Modesty Blaise Costumes/wardrobe Costumes for Terence Stamp (/wiki/Terence_Stamp) The Spy with a Cold Nose (/wiki/The_Spy_with_a_Cold_Nose) Costumes for Laurence Harvey (/wiki/Laurence_Harvey) 1986 Assignment K (/wiki/Assignment_K) Costumes for Stephen Boyd (/wiki/Stephen_Boyd) Boom! Costume for Noël Coward (/wiki/No%C3%ABl_Coward) Salt and Pepper Costumes for Peter Lawford (/wiki/Peter_Lawford) 1969 The Italian Job (/wiki/The_Italian_Job) Costumes for Michael Caine (/wiki/Michael_Caine) ; No on-screen credit 1970 The Reckoning Costume designer Credited as 'Costume designer' in some versions of the film Costumes for Nicol Williamson (/wiki/Nicol_Williamson) 1970 One More Time Costumes/wardrobe Costumes for Peter Lawford (/wiki/Peter_Lawford) 1978 Dominique Men's costumes The Stud (/wiki/The_Stud_(film)) Costumes for Oliver Tobias (/wiki/Oliver_Tobias) 1997 The Aristocracy Self Episode: "Survival of the Fittest: 1970–1997"; BBC documentary series 1998 The Man Who Would Be Caine TV documentary References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k "Obituary – Doug Hayward" (http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article3848649.ece) . The Times . London. 30 April 2008 . Retrieved 9 March 2011 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Jonathan Brown and Henry Deedes (30 April 2008). "Dougie Hayward, tailor who dressed stars of the 1960s, dies aged 73" (https://web.archive.org/web/20080518065533/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/news/dougie-hayward-tailor-who-dressed-stars-of-the-1960s-dies-aged-73-818054.html) . The Independent . London. Archived from the original (https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/news/dougie-hayward-tailor-who-dressed-stars-of-the-1960s-dies-aged-73-818054.html) on 18 May 2008 . Retrieved 9 March 2011 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m Veronica Horwell (30 April 2008). "Obituary – Doug Hayward" (https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2008/may/03/fashion.mainsection) . The Guardian . London . Retrieved 9 March 2011 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "Obituary – Doug Hayward" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1912015/Doug-Hayward.html) . The Telegraph . London. 30 April 2008 . Retrieved 9 March 2011 . External links [ edit ] Doug Hayward (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0371737/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐frl5r Cached time: 20240719212439 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.465 seconds Real time usage: 0.637 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2705/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 16059/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2933/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 28558/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.255/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5762824/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 574.911 1 -total 40.94% 235.384 1 Template:Infobox_person 23.78% 136.730 1 Template:Reflist 20.61% 118.481 4 Template:Cite_news 12.23% 70.314 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 10.92% 62.783 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 7.95% 45.706 1 Template:For 7.93% 45.603 1 Template:Birth_date 7.11% 40.865 1 Template:Citation_needed 6.58% 37.831 1 Template:Hlist Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:31138197-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719212439 and revision id 1235547545. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Doug_Hayward&oldid=1235547545 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Doug_Hayward&oldid=1235547545) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : People from Kensington (/wiki/Category:People_from_Kensington) Butlins Redcoats (/wiki/Category:Butlins_Redcoats) Royal Navy sailors (/wiki/Category:Royal_Navy_sailors) English fashion designers (/wiki/Category:English_fashion_designers) English costume designers (/wiki/Category:English_costume_designers) Academics of the Royal College of Art (/wiki/Category:Academics_of_the_Royal_College_of_Art) 1934 births (/wiki/Category:1934_births) 2008 deaths (/wiki/Category:2008_deaths) Shops in London (/wiki/Category:Shops_in_London) 20th-century English businesspeople (/wiki/Category:20th-century_English_businesspeople) Hidden categories: Use dmy dates from November 2020 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_November_2020) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from April 2020 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_April_2020)

Subsets and Splits

No community queries yet

The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.