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NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐b7d4d997‐668f7 Cached time: 20240629033000 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.002 seconds Real time usage: 0.002 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 1/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:27244454-0!canonical and timestamp 20240629033000 and revision id 1090052944. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Clothing companies of Norway" The following 9 pages are in this category, out of 9 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Amorett Konfektionsfabrik (/wiki/Amorett_Konfektionsfabrik) B Bergans (/wiki/Bergans) D Dale of Norway (/wiki/Dale_of_Norway) Dressmann (/wiki/Dressmann) H Helly Hansen (/wiki/Helly_Hansen) Holzweiler (/wiki/Holzweiler) M Moods of Norway (/wiki/Moods_of_Norway) N Norrøna (/wiki/Norr%C3%B8na) O Oleana (clothing) (/wiki/Oleana_(clothing)) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_Norway&oldid=1090052944 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_Norway&oldid=1090052944) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing companies by country (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_by_country) Companies of Norway by industry (/wiki/Category:Companies_of_Norway_by_industry) Norwegian fashion (/wiki/Category:Norwegian_fashion)
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Daniel William Joseph Galvin , OBE (/wiki/Officer_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire) (born April 1944) [1] (#cite_note-1) is a British hairdresser and businessman. He is particularly known for his expertise as a hair colourist (/wiki/Hair_coloring) . Life and career [ edit ] Both Galvin's father and grandfather had been hair stylists in London, as had Galvin's elder brother Joshua (/wiki/Joshua_Galvin) . Galvin initially worked in his father's salon in Paddington (/wiki/Paddington) before becoming an apprentice colourist at Olofson Haute Coiffure in the Brompton Road (/wiki/Brompton_Road) . In the 1960s he began working at Leonard of Mayfair (/wiki/Leonard_of_Mayfair) , where he gave Twiggy (/wiki/Twiggy) the blonde hair colour that launched her career, using his method of "brickwork" highlights. [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-HR-3) In the late 1960s he also began experimenting with nylon and poster dyes for the designer Zandra Rhodes (/wiki/Zandra_Rhodes) ; [4] (#cite_note-4) Galvin's vibrant shades of pinks, blues, and reds were considered revolutionary at the time. [5] (#cite_note-STS-5) Galvin worked on Stanley Kubrick (/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick) 's 1971 film A Clockwork Orange (/wiki/A_Clockwork_Orange_(film)) and was responsible for, among other things, "the hair color for the hairy bits on the tables" in the film's famous Korova Milk Bar scene: "At the time I was the only person doing these crazy colours", Galvin said. [6] (#cite_note-Palamountain24March-6) Galvin set up his own salon in 1977 on George Street (/wiki/George_Street,_Marylebone) in London's Marylebone (/wiki/Marylebone) district, where his clientele have included Nicole Kidman (/wiki/Nicole_Kidman) , [7] (#cite_note-Scott31Aug-7) and Margaret Thatcher (/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher) . [8] (#cite_note-Lawrenson8Apr-8) He was also Princess Diana (/wiki/Princess_Diana) 's colourist for the last 10 years of her life. [9] (#cite_note-DT-9) Although the Marylebone salon remains the company's flagship, Galvin has a second boutique salon in Kensington (/wiki/Kensington) , and a partner salon in London's Corinthia Hotel (/wiki/Corinthia_Hotel_London) . Galvin is the author of two books on hair styling and colouring and appeared in the 2002 BBC (/wiki/BBC) documentary The Real Blow Up: Fashion, Fame and Photography in the '60s . [10] (#cite_note-10) In the 2006 New Year Honours (/wiki/New_Year_Honours) Galvin was appointed an OBE for services to hairdressing, [9] (#cite_note-DT-9) the highest award, as of that date, that the monarchy (/wiki/British_Monarchy) had given a hair stylist. [6] (#cite_note-Palamountain24March-6) ( Vidal Sassoon (/wiki/Vidal_Sassoon) received a CBE several years later.) Galvin's many industry honours include the Lifetime Achievement Award in 2011 from the Fellowship for British Hairdressing. [11] (#cite_note-FBH-11) In 2013, he was named Patron of Honour by the Hairdressing Council, in recognition of his support for their campaign to have hairdressers state-registered. [12] (#cite_note-Gibson15Nov-12) Galvin and his wife Mavis met when he was still an apprentice and she was working as a hair stylist. Their three children, Louise, James, and Daniel Jr., are also hair stylists. [9] (#cite_note-DT-9) [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-Gordon20Mar-14) Publications [ edit ] Galvin, Daniel (1977). The World of Hair Colour: Art and Techniques of Modern Hair Colouring . Van Nostrand Reinhold (/wiki/Van_Nostrand_Reinhold) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0442214510 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/0442214510) Galvin, Joshua and Galvin, Daniel (1985). Hair Matters . Macmillan (/wiki/Macmillan_Publishers) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0333265416 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/0333265416) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Companies House (/wiki/Companies_House) . "Daniel William Joseph Galvin" (https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/officers/twI6Yfnh3auM3KQipODj2m19muk/appointments) . Retrieved 18 October 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-2) Gibson, Rachel (3 January 2012). "Hairdressing Icons: Leonard Lewis" (http://www.hji.co.uk/hair/hairdressing-icons-leonard/) . Hairdressers Journal . Retrieved 18 October 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-HR_3-0) Finney, Clare (2012). "Humble roots" (http://marylebonejournal.com/style/humble-roots) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150314222456/http://marylebonejournal.com/style/humble-roots) 14 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) . Marylebone Journal . Retrieved 18 October 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Cox, Caroline and Widdows, Lee (2005). Hair and fashion , p. 40. V & A Publications (/wiki/V_%26_A_Publications) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1851774572 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/1851774572) ^ (#cite_ref-STS_5-0) Baird-Murray, Kathleen (20 May 2012). "A Tale of Two Legends" (https://web.archive.org/web/20141023010528/http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/style/fashion/People/article1038635.ece) . The Sunday Times . Archived from the original (http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/style/fashion/People/article1038635.ece) on 23 October 2014 . Retrieved 14 April 2013 . ^ Jump up to: a b Palamountain, Olivia (24 March 2010). "Daniel Galvin" (http://businesslife.ba.com/People/Interviews/Daniel-Galvin.html) . British Airways Business Life . Retrieved 29 October 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-Scott31Aug_7-0) Scott, Caroline (31 August 2003). "Relative values: Daniel Galvin and his daughter, Louise" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151118040117/http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/style/article231819.ece) . The Sunday Times . Archived from the original (http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/style/article231819.ece) on 18 November 2015 . Retrieved 29 October 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-Lawrenson8Apr_8-0) Lawrenson, Amy (8 April 2013). "Margaret Thatcher's Iconic Look" (http://www.elleuk.com/beauty/as-margaret-thatcher-passes-away-aged-87-we-remember-her-iconic-hairstyle) . Elle U.K . Retrieved 28 October 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Gordon, Bryony (20 April 2009). "Daniel Galvin: Hairdresser to the stars" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/article/TMG5189022/Daniel-Galvin-Hairdresser-to-the-stars.html) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20151118031028/http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/article/TMG5189022/Daniel-Galvin-Hairdresser-to-the-stars.html) 18 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) . The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) . Retrieved 18 October 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-10) BBC (/wiki/BBC) (16 July 2002). " (https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2002/07_july/16/blow_up.shtml) The Real Blow Up: Fashion, Fame and Photography in the '60s – 10 August, BBC TWO" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/pressreleases/stories/2002/07_july/16/blow_up.shtml) . Retrieved 18 October 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-FBH_11-0) "Awards and Honours" (http://www.fellowshiphair.com/downloads/honors_and_awards_2012.pdf) (PDF) . Fellowship for British Hairdressing. 2012 . Retrieved 29 October 2015 . [ permanent dead link ] ^ (#cite_ref-Gibson15Nov_12-0) Gibson, Rachael (15 November 2013). "Daniel Galvin Named as Hairdressing Council Patron of Honour" (http://www.hji.co.uk/hair/daniel-galvin-named-as-hairdressing-council-patron-of-honour/) . Hairdressers Journal International (/wiki/Hairdressers_Journal_International) . Retrieved 29 October 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Scott, Caroline (31 August 2003). "Relative values: Daniel Galvin and his daughter, Louise" (https://web.archive.org/web/20151118040117/http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/style/article231819.ece) . The Sunday Times (/wiki/The_Sunday_Times) . Retrieved 19 October 2015 (subscription required for full article). ^ (#cite_ref-Gordon20Mar_14-0) Gordon, Bryony (20 March 2013). "My perfect weekend: Daniel Galvin Jr , hairdresser" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/my-perfect-weekend/9930166/My-perfect-weekend-Daniel-Galvin-Jr-hairdresser.html) . The Telegraph . Retrieved 28 October 2015 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.danielgalvin.com) Hairdressers Journal (9 October 2009). "Daniel Galvin's Hairdressing Career in Pictures" (http://www.hji.co.uk/hair/daniel-galvins-looks-back-at-a/) [ permanent dead link ] . Channel 5 News (/wiki/Channel_5_(UK)) . Video interview with Galvin (http://www.channel5.com/shows/5-news/features-archived/margaret-thatcher-had-nearly-120-hairdressing-appointments-in-one-year) on his time as Margaret Thatcher's hair colourist. Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000067103080) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/93340628) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJrrtvDpJhkG7FkDkVqmh3) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n77018117) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐55bd49c4cb‐zplcl Cached time: 20240709082551 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.312 seconds Real time usage: 0.415 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1702/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 26279/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2603/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 9/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 43478/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.201/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4742869/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 388.167 1 -total 40.64% 157.760 1 Template:Reflist 22.69% 88.084 1 Template:Authority_control 21.73% 84.358 6 Template:Cite_news 15.91% 61.741 3 Template:ISBN 12.55% 48.703 3 Template:Catalog_lookup_link 9.14% 35.465 1 Template:Official_website 8.94% 34.707 2 Template:Dead_link 8.09% 31.387 2 Template:Fix 7.14% 27.734 1 Template:EngvarB Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:48271192-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709082551 and revision id 1146820595. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Galvin&oldid=1146820595 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Galvin&oldid=1146820595) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1944 births (/wiki/Category:1944_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) British hairdressers (/wiki/Category:British_hairdressers) Officers of the Order of the British Empire (/wiki/Category:Officers_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire) Hidden categories: Webarchive template wayback links (/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links) All articles with dead external links (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links) Articles with dead external links from December 2016 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_December_2016) Articles with permanently dead external links (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links) EngvarB from September 2017 (/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_September_2017) Use dmy dates from September 2017 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_September_2017) Articles with dead external links from November 2018 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_November_2018) Articles with ISNI identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_ISNI_identifiers) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers) Articles with WorldCat Entities identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_WorldCat_Entities_identifiers) Articles with LCCN identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LCCN_identifiers)
Women's perfume endorsed by band One Direction For the Kyle Echarri song, see Our Moment (song) (/wiki/Our_Moment_(song)) . Our Moment Fragrance (/wiki/Perfume) by One Direction (/wiki/One_Direction) Notes (/wiki/Note_(perfumery)) Pink grapefruit (/wiki/Pink_grapefruit) , wild berries (/wiki/Wild_berries) , redcurrants (/wiki/Redcurrant) , freesia (/wiki/Freesia) , jasmine petals (/wiki/Jasmine) , frangipani (/wiki/Frangipani) , creamy musk (/wiki/Musk) , sheer woods (/wiki/Wood) , white patchouli (/wiki/Patchouli) Released 9 September 2013 ; 10 years ago ( 2013-09-09 ) Website onedirectionfragrance (http://onedirectionfragrance.com/) .com (http://onedirectionfragrance.com/) Our Moment is a perfume (/wiki/Perfume) for women endorsed by English-Irish boy band (/wiki/Boy_band) One Direction (/wiki/One_Direction) . [1] (#cite_note-thefragrance-1) It was launched on 6 June 2013 in London. [2] (#cite_note-launch-2) The line includes, besides the 30ml, 50ml and 100ml eau de parfum, a shower gel (/wiki/Shower_gel) , and a body lotion (/wiki/Body_lotion) . [3] (#cite_note-fragranceshop-3) The perfume was the best selling celebrity fragrance of Christmas 2013, with higher sales than products endorsed by other celebrities such as Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) 's Fame , Nicki Minaj (/wiki/Nicki_Minaj) 's Pink Friday and Britney Spears (/wiki/Britney_Spears) ' Fantasy . [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Our Moment is the first of the four fragrances to be promoted by One Direction, with That Moment, You & I and Between Us being the other three. [6] (#cite_note-6) Background [ edit ] Speculation that a perfume was to be released began in mid-2012 and on 5 June 2013, the first official announcement about the fragrance was released. On 6 June, three images were revealed, peeking the bottle. [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) Later, a full image of the bottle was revealed. [10] (#cite_note-10) The fragrance was presented the same day at a skyscraper in London (/wiki/London) . [2] (#cite_note-launch-2) There were 4-second trailers released from the week beginning Monday 12 August, one for each member. The full length advert for the fragrance was released on 24 August 2013. It features the song " My Favourite Things (/wiki/My_Favorite_Things_(song)) " which originally by Julie Andrews (/wiki/Julie_Andrews) from The Sound of Music (/wiki/The_Sound_of_Music_(film)) covered by Diana Vickers (/wiki/Diana_Vickers) . [11] (#cite_note-11) Liam Payne has reported that the idea came from a fan's petition. "A Twitter fan started an online petition for us to launch a fragrance, and we talked to our management", he said. [12] (#cite_note-12) Details [ edit ] Its top notes (/wiki/Note_(perfumery)) are pink grapefruit, wild berries & redcurrants. mid notes are Fresh Freesia, Jasmine Petals & Frangipani. The dry notes are Creamy Musk, Sheer Woods & White Patchouli. [1] (#cite_note-thefragrance-1) Three different gift sets are available; 30ml perfume with body lotion, 30ml perfume with shower gel and 30ml perfume with shower gel and body lotion. [3] (#cite_note-fragranceshop-3) Critical reception [ edit ] The fragrance received mostly positive reviews, with Sugarscape saying "Though we find it hard not to be biased when it comes to all things One Direction, we can honestly say that their perfume is pretty damn good." [13] (#cite_note-13) Awards [ edit ] The fragrance won an award at the Pure Beauty Awards for best female fragrance. [14] (#cite_note-14) Year Ceremony Award Result 2013 Pure Beauty Awards Best Female Fragrance Won References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "Our Moment - One Direction: The Fragrance" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140403064045/http://onedirection.edenparfums.com/fragrance) . Archived from the original (http://onedirection.edenparfums.com/fragrance) on 2014-04-03 . Retrieved 2013-12-21 . ^ Jump up to: a b "One Direction launch debut fragrance Our Moment" (http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/news/a488192/one-direction-launch-debut-fragrance-our-moment.html) . Digital Spy . 6 June 2013 . Retrieved 7 June 2013 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Our Moment - One Direction: Shop" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140917214203/http://www.onedirectionfragrance.com/collections/our-moment) . Archived from the original (http://www.onedirectionfragrance.com/collections/our-moment) on 2014-09-17. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Wood, Lucy. "One Direction's Our Moment beating Taylor Swift, Lady Gaga, Britney Spears and basically everyone in the fragrance war" (http://www.sugarscape.com/main-topics/fashion-beauty/996227/one-direction%E2%80%99s-our-moment-beating-taylor-swift-lady-gaga-britney-) . Sugarscape . Retrieved 6 December 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Pocklington, Rebecca (5 December 2013). "One Direction perfume beats Lady Gaga, Britney Spears and Taylor Swift fragrances" (http://www.irishmirror.ie/showbiz/celebrity-news/one-direction-moment-fragrance-beats-2894369) . Irish Mirror . Retrieved 5 December 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Fragrance | One Direction Fragrances" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160313212800/https://www.onedirectionfragrance.com/products/you-and-i/fragrance) . Archived from the original (https://www.onedirectionfragrance.com/products/you-and-i/fragrance) on 2016-03-13. ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Fancy a sneak peek of a bit of the #1DFragrance bottle? We've got two more exclusive images to share with you..1DHQ" (https://twitter.com/onedirection/status/342651303366914048) . onedirection . Twitter . Retrieved 6 June 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Here's another cheeky glimpse of the new #1DFragrance bottle. What do you think so far?! 1DHQ" (https://twitter.com/onedirection/status/342663006557188096) . onedirection . Twitter . Retrieved 6 June 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "The final image! First official look at the #1DFragrance bottle to follow. WATCH THIS SPACE… 1DHQ" (https://twitter.com/onedirection/status/342673799747096576) . onedirection . Twitter . Retrieved 6 June 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "We can now reveal the full image of the #1DFragrance bottle... 'Our Moment'...! 1DHQ" (https://twitter.com/onedirection/status/342704361958432768) . onedirection . Twitter . Retrieved 6 June 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Rigby, Sam (26 August 2013). "One Direction's Our Moment fragrance ad, Diana Vickers sings - video" (http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/news/a509881/one-directions-our-moment-fragrance-ad-diana-vickers-sings-video.html) . Digital Spy . Retrieved 26 August 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "One Direction's Liam Payne says perfume was inspired by fan petition" (http://www.pressparty.com/pg/newsdesk/OneDirection/view/77929/) . Press Party . Retrieved 7 June 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Charlotte. "Beauty Review: One Direction's fragrance 'Our Moment' (http://www.sugarscape.com/main-topics/fashion-beauty/877613/beauty-review-one-directions-our-moment-fragrance) " (http://www.sugarscape.com/main-topics/fashion-beauty/877613/beauty-review-one-directions-our-moment-fragrance) . Sugarscape . Retrieved 7 June 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Our Moment by One Direction receives award in Pure Beauty Awards 2013" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140201171357/http://www.sasandcompany.com/news-and-press/2012-2013/our-moment-by-one-direction-receives-award-win-in-pure-beauty-awards-2013/) . Archived from the original (http://www.sasandcompany.com/news-and-press/2012-2013/our-moment-by-one-direction-receives-award-win-in-pure-beauty-awards-2013/) on 2014-02-01. v t e One Direction (/wiki/One_Direction) Niall Horan (/wiki/Niall_Horan) Liam Payne (/wiki/Liam_Payne) Harry Styles (/wiki/Harry_Styles) Louis Tomlinson (/wiki/Louis_Tomlinson) Zayn Malik (/wiki/Zayn_Malik) Studio albums Up All Night (/wiki/Up_All_Night_(One_Direction_album)) Take Me Home (/wiki/Take_Me_Home_(One_Direction_album)) Midnight Memories (/wiki/Midnight_Memories) Four (/wiki/Four_(One_Direction_album)) Made in the A.M. (/wiki/Made_in_the_A.M.) Video albums Up All Night: The Live Tour (/wiki/Up_All_Night:_The_Live_Tour) EPs iTunes Festival: London 2012 (/wiki/ITunes_Festival:_London_2012_(One_Direction_EP)) Singles " What Makes You Beautiful (/wiki/What_Makes_You_Beautiful) " " Gotta Be You (/wiki/Gotta_Be_You_(One_Direction_song)) " " One Thing (/wiki/One_Thing_(One_Direction_song)) " " More than This (/wiki/More_than_This_(One_Direction_song)) " " Live While We're Young (/wiki/Live_While_We%27re_Young) " " Little Things (/wiki/Little_Things_(One_Direction_song)) " " Kiss You (/wiki/Kiss_You_(One_Direction_song)) " " One Way or Another (Teenage Kicks) (/wiki/One_Way_or_Another_(Teenage_Kicks)) " " Best Song Ever (/wiki/Best_Song_Ever) " " Story of My Life (/wiki/Story_of_My_Life_(One_Direction_song)) " " Midnight Memories (/wiki/Midnight_Memories_(song)) " " You & I (/wiki/You_%26_I_(One_Direction_song)) " " Steal My Girl (/wiki/Steal_My_Girl) " " Night Changes (/wiki/Night_Changes) " " Drag Me Down (/wiki/Drag_Me_Down) " " Perfect (/wiki/Perfect_(One_Direction_song)) " " History (/wiki/History_(One_Direction_song)) " Promotional singles " Diana (/wiki/Diana_(One_Direction_song)) " " Strong (/wiki/Strong_(One_Direction_song)) " " Fireproof (/wiki/Fireproof_(One_Direction_song)) " " Where Do Broken Hearts Go (/wiki/Where_Do_Broken_Hearts_Go_(One_Direction_song)) " " 18 (/wiki/18_(One_Direction_song)) " " Fool's Gold (/wiki/Fool%27s_Gold_(One_Direction_song)) " " Infinity (/wiki/Infinity_(One_Direction_song)) " " Home (/wiki/Home_(One_Direction_song)) " " Love You Goodbye (/wiki/Love_You_Goodbye) " " What a Feeling (/wiki/What_a_Feeling_(One_Direction_song)) " Other songs " Moments (/wiki/Moments_(One_Direction_song)) " " No Control (/wiki/No_Control_(One_Direction_song)) " " If I Could Fly (/wiki/If_I_Could_Fly_(One_Direction_song)) " Concert tours Up All Night Tour (/wiki/Up_All_Night_Tour) Take Me Home Tour (/wiki/Take_Me_Home_Tour_(One_Direction)) Where We Are Tour (/wiki/Where_We_Are_Tour_(One_Direction)) On the Road Again Tour (/wiki/On_the_Road_Again_Tour) TV and film This Is Us (/wiki/One_Direction:_This_Is_Us) Where We Are – The Concert Film (/wiki/One_Direction:_Where_We_Are_%E2%80%93_The_Concert_Film) Related Discography (/wiki/One_Direction_discography) Awards and nominations (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_One_Direction) Songs (/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_One_Direction) Our Moment John Ryan (/wiki/John_Ryan_(songwriter)) Category (/wiki/Category:One_Direction) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5c57c99494‐msj7r Cached time: 20240716043722 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.345 seconds Real time usage: 0.444 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1553/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 46614/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3854/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 19/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 62032/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.230/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5562731/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 397.491 1 -total 38.15% 151.643 1 Template:Reflist 33.09% 131.512 14 Template:Cite_web 22.57% 89.731 1 Template:One_Direction 22.04% 87.600 1 Template:Navbox_musical_artist 16.73% 66.504 1 Template:Short_description 15.22% 60.492 1 Template:Infobox_fragrance 14.67% 58.294 1 Template:Infobox 9.05% 35.955 2 Template:Pagetype 5.03% 19.995 4 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:41259710-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716043722 and revision id 1183434550. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Our_Moment&oldid=1183434550 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Our_Moment&oldid=1183434550) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Celebrity perfumes (/wiki/Category:Celebrity_perfumes) Products introduced in 2013 (/wiki/Category:Products_introduced_in_2013) One Direction (/wiki/Category:One_Direction) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata)
Fashion trend Madonna (/wiki/Madonna) 's costumes in her 1990 Blond Ambition World Tour (/wiki/Blond_Ambition_World_Tour) is cited as an influence on turning corsets from underwear to stage attire. Wearing underwear as outerwear is a fashion trend (/wiki/Fashion_trend) popularized by celebrities, sports and media. It began as a practical and comfortable variation of clothing, such as the T-shirt (/wiki/T-shirt) and the sleeveless shirt (/wiki/Sleeveless_shirt) , but later evolved into provocative, controversial fashion statements. 21st century versions include the display of thongs (/wiki/Thong) and bras (/wiki/Brassiere) in women's clothing, and the display of underpants (/wiki/Underpants) under low-slung pants (/wiki/Low-slung_pants) in men. Wearing underwear as outerwear has historical antecedents in the display of undergarments in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. [1] (#cite_note-1) History [ edit ] It is unclear when underwear as outerwear began as a fashion trend. In the 1920s Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) unveiled womenswear made from jersey (/wiki/Jersey_(fabric)) , a fabric that was usually used for undergarments (/wiki/Undergarment) . [2] (#cite_note-2) The T-shirt (/wiki/T-shirt) became popular outerwear after the Second World War (/wiki/Second_World_War) . [3] (#cite_note-Burton-3) Short-sleeve shirts were originally intended to be a comfortable alternative to Victorian undergarments but teenagers began to wear them as outerwear, due in part to James Dean (/wiki/James_Dean) and Marlon Brando (/wiki/Marlon_Brando) 's characters frequently wearing them this way in the movies Rebel Without a Cause (/wiki/Rebel_Without_a_Cause) and the A Streetcar Named Desire (/wiki/A_Streetcar_Named_Desire_(1951_film)) respectively. [3] (#cite_note-Burton-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) Swimwear (/wiki/Swimwear) , such as the bikini (/wiki/Bikini) , was used as underwear before the Renaissance (/wiki/Renaissance) , [5] (#cite_note-5) and slip dresses (/wiki/Slip_dress) were first widely worn in the 1990s (/wiki/1990s_in_fashion) , made from layered chiffon (/wiki/Chiffon_(fabric)) , polyester (/wiki/Polyester) satins (/wiki/Satin) and charmeuse (/wiki/Charmeuse) , and often trimmed with lace. [6] (#cite_note-6) In entertainment, underwear-like outfits are often worn by wrestlers (/wiki/Wrestler) and circus performers (/wiki/Circus_performer) ; former DC Comics (/wiki/DC_Comics) editor Julius Schwartz (/wiki/Julius_Schwartz) said that this was the reason why superheroes like Superman (/wiki/Superman) wore briefs on top of their tights. [7] (#cite_note-7) Madonna (/wiki/Madonna) has been credited for making lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) a popular outfit for female music artists on stage (e.g. Beyonce (/wiki/Beyonce) , Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) , Britney Spears (/wiki/Britney_Spears) , Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) ) [8] (#cite_note-8) when Jean-Paul Gaultier (/wiki/Jean-Paul_Gaultier) designed corsets (/wiki/Corset) ("an emblematic symbol of fashion in the early 90s"), [9] (#cite_note-9) a cone bra (/wiki/Cone_bra) and girdle (/wiki/Girdles) for her Blonde Ambition Tour (/wiki/Blonde_Ambition_Tour) costumes. [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) Coloured and decorative nipple pasties (/wiki/Pasties) have been worn by Cara Delevingne (/wiki/Cara_Delevingne) , Bella Hadid (/wiki/Bella_Hadid) and Doja Cat (/wiki/Doja_Cat) as part of fashion outfits. [12] (#cite_note-12) For men, sagging (/wiki/Sagging_(fashion)) is often said to have been started by rap and hip hop artists in the 1990s, [13] (#cite_note-13) as well as skateboarders. [14] (#cite_note-14) The sexual liberation (/wiki/Sexual_liberation) movement of 1968 began the re-appropriation of the corset as a symbol of rebellion and "sexual perversity" by young women associated with London’s punk (/wiki/Punk_subculture) and Goth (/wiki/Goth_subculture) subcultures. This re-appropriation allowed a symbol historically associated with female oppression, to become reconceived as a symbol of sexual empowerment in fashion. [15] (#cite_note-15) Outside of underwear fetishism (/wiki/Underwear_fetishism) , the corset made an appearance in evening gowns and wedding dresses. [16] (#cite_note-16) Sportswear [ edit ] The T-shirt would eventually become a part of sportswear fashion with designs from many fashion brands. [3] (#cite_note-Burton-3) Sports bras (/wiki/Sports_bra) were first invented in 1975, and women have been wearing them under other clothing since then, [17] (#cite_note-komar-17) but in 1999, Brandi Chastain (/wiki/Brandi_Chastain) scored the fifth kick in the penalty shootout (/wiki/Penalty_shootout_(football)) to give the United States the win over China (/wiki/China_women%27s_national_football_team) in the final game of the 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup Final (/wiki/1999_FIFA_Women%27s_World_Cup_Final) , and she spontaneously whipped off her jersey in celebration, exposing her sports bra. Her act is regarded by some as a historical event that boosted the wearing of sports bras on their own. [17] (#cite_note-komar-17) [18] (#cite_note-Distillations-18) From that point forward, sports bras have increasingly been worn as outerwear. [19] (#cite_note-krucoff-19) Cultural reception [ edit ] Office colleagues in Mexico City participating in 2015's No Pants Subway Ride (/wiki/No_Pants_Subway_Ride) . Society often portrays the public in underwear as surrealist and comedic: No Pants Day (/wiki/No_Pants_Day) is an annual event held in various Western countries, where people publicly wear only underwear and leave their legs exposed. No Pants Subway Ride (/wiki/No_Pants_Subway_Ride) is a similar event to promote public wearing of underwear on subway trains. Another such event is Undie Run (/wiki/Undie_Run) , where people run on the street wearing only their underwear. The popularity of low-rise pants (/wiki/Low-rise_pants) in the 21st century led to the unintentional trend of the " whale tail (/wiki/Whale_tail) " among young women who aspired to wear something "rump-flattering", [20] (#cite_note-20) whereas sagging among young men and teenage boys became extremely controversial to the point of American towns demanding that it should be banned for indecency. [21] (#cite_note-21) [22] (#cite_note-22) However, the whale tail trend ended by the end of the 2000s and led to a rise in high-waisted (/wiki/High-waisted_jeans) clothing. [23] (#cite_note-23) Menswear never experienced a similar fashion turnaround, and men who wore high-waisted were ridiculed for wearing " Dad jeans (/wiki/Dad_jeans) ". [24] (#cite_note-24) Underwear companies took note on men's preference of wearing their trousers at the hips because low-rise pants sat lower than underwear and caused non-sagging men to expose their underpants waistband (/wiki/Waistband) , [25] (#cite_note-25) so they exploited it through designing waistbands with bright colors and larger logos. [26] (#cite_note-WWD-26) Calvin Klein Underwear (/wiki/Calvin_Klein_(company)) chief creative designer Bob Mazzoli explained in 2009, "Instead of a functional component, the waistband is a marketing platform and a canvas for real design [...] Seeing somebody with jeans that fall just below the waist to the point where the underwear shows is part of our cultural vernacular [and] it's something we consider in the design process." 2(x)ist (/wiki/2(x)ist) 's creative director Jason Scarlatti added: "It’s bragging (/wiki/Bragging) rights for the customer. It says, ‘I paid good money for this.’" [26] (#cite_note-WWD-26) Jockey underwear, credited as one of the first underwear brands to print its logo on waistbands, unveiled an advertising campaign in 2013 that featured models holding up their shirts to show the Jockey waistband exposed above their jeans and shorts. [27] (#cite_note-27) See also [ edit ] Bikini in popular culture (/wiki/Bikini_in_popular_culture) Bra § Undergarment as outerwear (/wiki/Bra#Undergarment_as_outerwear) Bralessness (/wiki/Bralessness) Breastaurant (/wiki/Breastaurant) Camel toe (/wiki/Camel_toe) Fetish fashion (/wiki/Fetish_fashion) Go Topless Day (/wiki/Go_Topless_Day) Indecent exposure (/wiki/Indecent_exposure) Leotard (/wiki/Leotard) Sagging (/wiki/Sagging_(fashion)) Sexual objectification (/wiki/Sexual_objectification) Social impact of thong underwear (/wiki/Social_impact_of_thong_underwear) Superman (/wiki/Superman) Swimsuit competition (/wiki/Swimsuit_competition) Upskirt (/wiki/Upskirt) Underwear fetishism (/wiki/Underwear_fetishism) Whale tail (/wiki/Whale_tail) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Lisa Jardine (24 October 2008). "Underwear as outerwear" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/7689554.stm) . BBC News . Retrieved 2010-02-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "From Marlon Brando to Kendall Jenner, 27 of the Best Classic White T-Shirts Ever" (https://www.vogue.com/article/best-classic-white-t-shirts-of-all-time) . Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) . 2015-05-20. Archived (https://archive.today/20200707155303/https://www.vogue.com/article/best-classic-white-t-shirts-of-all-time) from the original on 2020-07-07. ^ Jump up to: a b c monty (2018-09-05). "History of the T-Shirt | Men's T-Shirt Style Ideas | Burton" (https://archive.today/20200707153621/https://www.burton.co.uk/blog/history-of-the-t-shirt/) . Burton . Archived from the original (https://www.burton.co.uk/blog/history-of-the-t-shirt/) on 2020-07-07. ^ (#cite_ref-4) "A Streetcar Named Desire – AMC filmsite" (https://archive.today/20120802125457/http://www.filmsite.org/stre.html) . Filmsite.org. 1947-12-03. Archived from the original (http://www.filmsite.org/stre.html) on 2012-08-02 . Retrieved 2010-10-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Stephanie Pedersen (2004). Bra . David & Charles. p. 8. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-7153-2067-X . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Amy T. Peterson & Ann T. Kellogg, ed. (2008). The Greenwood encyclopedia of clothing through American history 1900 to the present . Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press. p. 229. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780313358555 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Hiskey, Daven (26 December 2013). "Why Superheroes Wear their Underwear on the Outside" (http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2013/12/superheroes-wear-underwear-outside/) . Today I Found Out . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Alice Fisher (29 November 2009). "Underwear as outerwear" (https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2009/nov/29/lingerie-beyonce-lily-allen-rihanna) . The Observer . Retrieved 2010-02-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) San Martin, Macarena (2011). Fashion Details: 1,000 Ideas from Neckline to Waistline, Pockets to Pleats. page 6. Rockport Publishers. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-5925-3716-7 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5925-3716-7) . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Dana, Rebecca (June 15, 2010). "Lady Gaga, Katy Perry, Madonna: Dueling Cone Bras" (https://archive.today/20200707204756/https://www.thedailybeast.com/lady-gaga-katy-perry-madonna-dueling-cone-bras) . The Daily Beast (/wiki/The_Daily_Beast) . Archived from the original (https://www.thedailybeast.com/lady-gaga-katy-perry-madonna-dueling-cone-bras) on 2020-07-07. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Steele, Valarie. “The Hard Body A Muscular Corset.” The Corset: A Cultural History. New Haven & London: Yale UP, 2001. 143-176. Print ^ (#cite_ref-12) Bramley, Ellie Violet (1 June 2022). "Breast in show! How nipple pasties went from underwear to outerwear" (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2022/jun/01/breast-in-show-how-nipple-pasties-went-from-underwear-to-outerwear) . The Guardian . UK. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Koppel, Niko (August 30, 2007). "Are Your Jeans Sagging? Go Directly to Jail" (https://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/30/fashion/30baggy.html) . New York Times (/wiki/New_York_Times) . Retrieved January 29, 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Teens' Sagging Jeans Not Just for 'Gangstas.'", Jennifer Skordas, Salt Lake Tribune. 15 October 1995 (p. B1). ^ (#cite_ref-15) Wilkins, Amy (June 2004). " "So Full of Myself as a Chick": Goth Women, Sexual Independence, and Gender Egalitarianism". Gender and Society . 18 (3): 328–49. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1177/0891243204264421 (https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0891243204264421) . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 4149405 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/4149405) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 11244993 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:11244993) . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Crane, Diana. “Postmodernism and the Avant-Garde: Stylistic Change in Fashion Design.” Modernism/Modernity, 4, (1997), 123-140. ^ Jump up to: a b Komar, Marlen (7 August 2017). "The Surprising Feminist History Of The Sports Bra Will Make You Seriously Angry" (https://www.bustle.com/p/the-history-of-the-sports-bra-is-surprisingly-feminist-68920) . Bustle . Retrieved 22 March 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-Distillations_18-0) Roberts, Jacob (2017). "Women's work" (https://www.sciencehistory.org/distillations/magazine/womens-work) . Distillations . 3 (1): 6–11 . Retrieved 22 March 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-krucoff_19-0) Krucoff, Carol (9 August 1999). "Sports Bras Are a Bust for Some" (http://articles.latimes.com/1999/aug/09/health/he-63977) . Los Angeles Times . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20090406170555/http://articles.latimes.com/1999/aug/09/health/he-63977) from the original on 6 April 2009 . Retrieved 11 September 2009 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Celebrities Are Showing Off Butt Cleavage - ABC News" (https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/story?id=125903&tqkw=&tqshow=GMA&page=1) . ABC News . 2002-07-25 . Retrieved 6 January 2006 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Siddique, Haroon (June 14, 2007). "US town bans saggy pants" (https://www.theguardian.com/usa/story/0,,2103190,00.html) . The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) . Retrieved June 15, 2007 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Schneiderman, R.M. (May 17, 2010). "Ad Campaign Asks Queens Bus Riders to Pull Up Their Pants" (https://blogs.wsj.com/metropolis/2010/05/17/ad-campaign-asks-queens-bus-rider-to-pull-of-their-pants/) . The Wall Street Journal (/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal) . Metropolis (blog) . Retrieved May 28, 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) Kczynski, Alex (2004-09-12). "Now You See It, Now You Don't" (https://www.nytimes.com/2004/09/12/fashion/12THON.html) . New York Times . Retrieved 2008-10-30 . Certainly, American clothing designers are now embracing a more modest look, their focus shifting from low-slung jeans and exposed midriffs to high-waisted trousers and cardigans. ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Obama: No apologies for 'dad jeans' (https://web.archive.org/web/20100302222804/http://www.suntimes.com/news/politics/obama/1676604,w-obama-all-star-mom-jeans-072109.article) " (https://web.archive.org/web/20100302222804/http://www.suntimes.com/news/politics/obama/1676604,w-obama-all-star-mom-jeans-072109.article) . Chicago Sun Times (/wiki/Chicago_Sun_Times) . Associated Press. 2009-07-21. Archived from the original (http://www.suntimes.com/news/politics/obama/1676604,w-obama-all-star-mom-jeans-072109.article) on 2010-03-02 . Retrieved 2013-02-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Underwear shows more than you think: Underwear Matters - AskMen" (https://uk.askmen.com/top_10/entertainment/top-5-reasons-underwear-matters_5.html) . AskMen (/wiki/AskMen) . Archived (https://archive.today/20200704234721/https://uk.askmen.com/top_10/entertainment/top-5-reasons-underwear-matters_5.html) from the original on 2020-07-04. Men tend not to wear their trousers around their waists anymore, especially when it comes to jeans. Low-rise jeans are made to sit on your hips and this leaves the waistband of your underwear exposed. Your underwear is more visible than you think; the slight bend over or lift of your arms can show the world what you're rocking down there. ^ Jump up to: a b "Underwear Waistbands: A Peekaboo Fashion Trend - WWD" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/underwear-waistbands-make-a-fashion-trend-2098105/) . WWD . 2009-04-09. ^ (#cite_ref-27) "Are You Ready to Show You're Jockey?" (https://web.archive.org/web/20131128084653/http://www.jockey.com.ph/blogs/news/9275267-are-you-ready-to-show-youre-jockey) . 2013-05-17. Archived from the original (https://www.jockey.com.ph/blogs/news/9275267-are-you-ready-to-show-youre-jockey) on 2013-11-28. Ever noticed guys with low-riding jeans deliberately showing their briefs' waistband? Not the peeking type? Well, Jockey is. And they've turned this into a campaign. Jockey, inventor of the men's Y-Front briefs and the first to use a branded waistband, launched their "Show You're Jockey" campaign last Wednesday, May 15 at the Society Lounge in Makati City. The worldwide campaign will feature men and women of different nationalities revealing their Jockey underwear. External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Underwear as outerwear (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Underwear_as_outerwear) . Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Tove Hermanson (September 1, 2009). "Innerwear as Outerwear" (https://web.archive.org/web/20090928072118/http://threadforthought.net/2009/09/01/innerwear-as-outerwear-pt-1/) . Thread for Thought blog. Archived from the original (http://threadforthought.net/2009/09/01/innerwear-as-outerwear-pt-1/) on 28 September 2009. 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Silk headscarf tradition of Azerbaijan This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Kelaghayi) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Kelaghayi) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article possibly contains original research (/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research) . Please improve it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kelaghayi&action=edit) by verifying (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) the claims made and adding inline citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations) . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. ( January 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . 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Find sources: "Kelaghayi" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Kelaghayi%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Kelaghayi%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Kelaghayi%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Kelaghayi%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Kelaghayi%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Kelaghayi%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( January 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Kelaghayi Azerbaijani girl wearing kelaghai Type Headgear (/wiki/Headgear) Material Silk (/wiki/Silk) Place of origin Azerbaijan (/wiki/Azerbaijan) and Armenia (/wiki/Armenia) Traditional art and symbolism of Kelaghayi, making and wearing women’s silk headscarves UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage (/wiki/UNESCO_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_Lists) Country Azerbaijan (/wiki/Azerbaijan) Reference 00669 (https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/00669) Region Europe and North America (/wiki/Template:UNESCO_Representative_List_of_the_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_of_Humanity/ENA) Inscription history Inscription 2014 (9th session) List (/wiki/Masterpieces_of_the_Oral_and_Intangible_Heritage_of_Humanity) Representative Kelaghayi ( Azerbaijani (/wiki/Azerbaijani_language) : Kəlağayı ; Armenian (/wiki/Armenian_language) : Քալաղայ , romanized (/wiki/Romanization_of_Armenian) : Kalaghay ), also known as "charghat" ( çarğət from Persian (/wiki/Persian_language) چارقد), is a traditional Azerbaijani (/wiki/Azerbaijani_dress) [1] (#cite_note-iranica-1) and Armenian (/wiki/Armenian_dress) [2] (#cite_note-Emin-2) [3] (#cite_note-Stepan-3) women's headgear (/wiki/Headgear) . It is a square-shaped silk head scarf with special prints on it. In November 2014 at the 9th session of UNESCO (/wiki/UNESCO) 's traditional art and symbolism of Kelaghayi, its production and the wearing were included in the list of intangible cultural heritage UNESCO (/wiki/UNESCO_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_Lists) . [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) Etymology [ edit ] Kelaghayi is found in various dialects of Azerbaijani (/wiki/Azerbaijani_language) , Turkish (/wiki/Turkish_language) , and Armenian (/wiki/Armenian_language) , known as kalagaz in Istanbul (/wiki/Istanbul) , kelāyağı or keleyağı in Kars (/wiki/Kars) , kəlağayı in Azerbaijan, and kalaghay in Armenian (/wiki/Armenian_language) . Kelaghayi was borrowed from the Armenian (/wiki/Armenian_language) term k'alałay ( քալաղայ ), meaning "silk kerchief" or "city-fashion women's head-covering". [2] (#cite_note-Emin-2) [5] (#cite_note-Dankoff-5) The Armenian term could possibly originate from Persian (/wiki/Persian_language) kalāx , meaning "gauze head-covering". [5] (#cite_note-Dankoff-5) [3] (#cite_note-Stepan-3) Background [ edit ] Examples of Kelaghayi shawls Kelaghayi is a four-cornered shawl woven from silk thread and worn by the Azerbaijani women as a symbol of chastity, respect, and devotion. [6] (#cite_note-:0-6) Thin silk threads are woven together on a loom, and then boiled and dried into squares. They are dyed with vegetable dyes, and artisans use wood blocks and oils to stamp patterns. [6] (#cite_note-:0-6) The silk keeps the wearer cool in the summer and warm in the winter. The process of making a kelaghayi takes two days and four separate artisans: the weaver, the dyer, the moulder (decorator), and ornamental master. Traditionally, all the artisans involved are men. [7] (#cite_note-Nilufar-7) The colours and patterns of kelaghayi often have meaning and importance for events like weddings, engagements, mourning periods, and daily life. There are age and social differences in its wearing: older women wear kelaghayis of darker colours, mostly black and dark blue, whereas younger women opt for brighter ones, such as white, beige, bright blue, etc. If a woman gave a kelaghayi to a man, it signified that she accepted his proposal of marriage. She would then wear a red kelaghayi at their henna party. [7] (#cite_note-Nilufar-7) A kelaghayi can be tied in various ways, depending on the region. [8] (#cite_note-8) In some places, a kelaghayi was tied over a triangular headscarf after collecting hair with a piece of gauze. As a result, there would be three headdresses worn simultaneously: first, the juna (gauze), then the kelaghayi and finally a triangular headscarf called kasaba, sarandaz, or zarbab. [9] (#cite_note-9) Kelaghayi-making is concentrated in two cities in Azerbaijan, the city of Sheki (/wiki/Shaki,_Azerbaijan) and the Basgal (/wiki/Basqal) settlement in Ismayilly (/wiki/%C4%B0smay%C4%B1ll%C4%B1) . [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) The tradition is passed down through non-formal apprenticeships, primarily through family occupation. [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) Silkworm breeding in Azerbaijan dates to the periods prior to Christianity. [ citation needed ] Sheki has been the centre of silkworm breeding in Azerbaijan and also in the Caucasus for many years. [ citation needed ] In the 20th century, the largest silkworm breeding plant was established in Sheki. [ citation needed ] During the reign of Nicholas II (/wiki/Nicholas_II) , Sheki silk was used in making new five hundred notes in Russian empire. [ citation needed ] In the year 1862, Sheki silk was awarded a medal at the international exhibition launched in London. Saint-Étienne Company of Lion city, France was one of the permanent purchasers of Sheki silk. That is why for its successes achieved in the field of silkworm breeding Sheki was called “Caucasian Lion.” The clothes, fine needle-works and shawls made of Sheki silk were highly appreciated. For this reason, the local population engaged in kelaghayi production produced silk in Sheki and created kelaghayi in Basgal. [10] (#cite_note-azer.com-10) Therefore, despite a certain distance between two regions, they connected with each other by “floss ties.” In 1870, Baskal kelaghayi was awarded a silver medal at a London exhibition. [ citation needed ] The leading force in producing the shawl is considered a dyer. Because it requires hard work, masterly skill and delicate feeling to dye the finished kelaghayi in a hot pot. Mainly, sumaq, barberry, wild apple, saffron, currant and other plants are used in dyeing kelaghayi having 150x150 cm and 160x160 cm size. The ornaments of kelaghayi are made by wooden or metal moulds. The edges of kelaghayi, and sometimes its central part (khoncha) are decorated with geometrical or nabati ornaments. The patterns reflected in kelaghayi have great meaning and have been remained unchanged for hundreds of years. Butas prevail over other patterns and they are one of the most widespread ornament elements in the Azerbaijan art. Researchers consider buta as a pattern belonging to the fire-worship period. Kelaghayis of each region differ from each other with their patterns in the edges. Mainly, “Shah buta’, “saya buta’, and “khirda buta” patterns are used in Sheki and Basgal Kelaghayis. Colourful kelaghayis such as “Heyrati”, “Soghani”, “Istiotu”, “Albukhari”, “Abi”, “Yelani” gained fame in the Middle East and Caucasus peoples. Individual forms and motives reflected in kelaghayi passed on to the daily life of the population. So, it is possible to see the elements belonged to kelaghayi in sweets and bread, tombs and gravestones. This shawl is often met in the Azerbaijani folklore, poetry, as well as fine and decorative art. Certainly, all the above-mentioned caused to reflect kelaghayi ornaments in the art of many world peoples. Sometimes when a man passes away he is covered with a black kelaghayi. It continues even till burial ceremony. It means that kelaghayi has been accompanying the Azerbaijan people for all their lives. This shawl also survives a peaceful mission. During the conflict arisen from different reasons, the people ceased fight when kelaghayi was thrown by a woman. Kelaghayi is kept at the favourable place of the house. It is possible to see it at the home of the Azerbaijanis living outside the country. Because kelaghayi is a force protecting the family traditions. Kelaghayi is such kind of shawls which is demanded every time. Kelagayi weavers think that the ornaments and design of kelaghayi are compared with Azerbaijani mughams (/w/index.php?title=Azerbaijani_mugham&action=edit&redlink=1) . They believe that the use of seven colours is linked to the number of mughams. Although the fashion changes so rapidly, the size and patterns of the kelaghayi are remaining the same. It could be considered one of the long-lived shawls. Demand for kelaghayi both in Azerbaijan and abroad survives this art up to now. Today, the dynasties continuing this type of art produce kelaghayi with pleasure in Sheki city and Basgal settlement. During different years the masters from Basgal and Sheki established the kelaghayi production not only in other regions of Azerbaijan but also in Georgia, Turkmenistan, Iran, Russia and Uzbekistan. An initiative of “Inkishaf” (Development) Scientific Organization, “Kelaghayi” Center is operating in Basgal. All kelaghayi traditions have been restored here. Also, a unique interactive “Kelaghayi” museum was established in Basgal. The visitors are not only familiarized with the history and traditions of kelaghayi but also observe the process of production, even take part in making the product. Kelaghayi is introduced as an essential element playing an important role in fashion and daily life of Azerbaijani people, and is represented not only at the museum located in Basgal but also at the State Museum of Oriental Art (/wiki/State_Museum_of_Oriental_Art) in Moscow, National Museum of History (/wiki/National_Museum_of_History_of_Azerbaijan) in Baku and National Art Museum of Azerbaijan (/wiki/National_Art_Museum_of_Azerbaijan) . References [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kalaghai (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Kalaghai) . ^ (#cite_ref-iranica_1-0) P. A. Andrews And M. Andrews (15 December 1992). CLOTHING xxi. Turkic and Kurdish clothing of Azerbaijan . Vol. V. Encyclopædia Iranica (/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Iranica) . pp. 836–840. It is the headscarf (kalaḡay, Pers. kalāḡī), made from specially woven silks, that is the most persistent of traditional garments, sometimes worn over a low (6 cm) flat topped skullcap (araqčın), almost covered with gold embroidery, or alternatively a small bonnet (täsäk). ^ Jump up to: a b Acharian, Hrachia (/wiki/Hrachia_Acharian) (1901). "Քալաղայ [Kalaghay]" (https://books.google.com/books?id=aOwcAAAAMAAJ&dq=%D5%94%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%B5&pg=PA1091) . Ēminean azgagrakan zhoghovatsu [ Emin Ethnographic Collection: Armenian Provincial Dictionary ] (in Armenian). Vol. 9. Tbilisi: Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages (/wiki/Lazarev_Institute_of_Oriental_Languages) . p. 1091. ^ Jump up to: a b Malkhasyants, Stepan (/wiki/Stepan_Malkhasyants) (1955). "ՔԱԼԱՂԱՅ [KALAGHAI]" (https://books.google.com/books?id=os3wOo_YD4wC&q=%D5%94%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%B5) . Hayerēn batsʻatrakan baṛaran: chʻors hatorum [ Armenian Explanatory Dictionary: in four volumes ]. Vol. 3–4. Beirut: “Sevan” Publishing House. p. 533. ^ Jump up to: a b c Traditional art and symbolism of Kelaghayi, making and wearing women’s silk headscarves (http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=en&pg=00011&RL=00669) // Official website UNESCO (/wiki/UNESCO) . ^ Jump up to: a b Dankoff, Robert (/wiki/Robert_Dankoff) (1995). Armenian Loanwords in Turkish . Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. p. 193. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-3-447-03640-5 . Retrieved 27 March 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b "About Kelaghayi – Traditional" (https://bakucorner.az/en/milli/about-kelaghayi.html) . bakucorner.az . Retrieved 11 May 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b Nilufar (23 March 2018). "Attribute of Azerbaijani beauty: Kelaghayi" (https://www.itinari.com/attribute-of-azerbaijani-beauty-kelaghayi-6sl2) . itinari . Retrieved 11 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Baş örtüyü – kəlağayı" (http://www.anl.az/down/meqale/medeniyyet/medeniyyet_fevral2009/69956.htm) . www.anl.az . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Азербайджанский келагаи: уникальные традиции женственности – ФОТО – ОПРОС" (http://news.day.az/society/346477.html) . day.az. ^ (#cite_ref-azer.com_10-0) "6.2 Basgal and Lahij" (https://www.azer.com/aiweb/categories/magazine/62_folder/62_articles/62_basgal_lahij.html) . www.azer.com . v t e UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage elements in Azerbaijan (/wiki/List_of_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_elements_in_Azerbaijan) Azerbaijani mugham (/wiki/Mugham) (2008) Art of Azerbaijani ashiq (/wiki/Ashiqs_of_Azerbaijan) (2009) Traditional art of Azerbaijani carpet weaving (/wiki/Azerbaijani_carpet_weaving) (2010) Craftsmanship and performance art of the tar (/wiki/Tar_(Azerbaijani_instrument)) (2012) Traditional art and symbolism of kelaghayi , making and wearing women's silk headscarves (2014) Copper craftsmanship of Lahij (/wiki/Lah%C4%B1c_copper_craft) (2015) Dolma (/wiki/Dolma) making and sharing tradition, a marker of cultural identity (2017) Nar Bayrami (/wiki/Goychay_Pomegranate_Festival) , traditional pomegranate festivity and culture (2020) Pehlevanliq culture: traditional zorkhana games, sports and wrestling (/wiki/Pahlevani_and_zoorkhaneh_rituals) (2022) Shared Novruz (/wiki/Nowruz) ( Azeri (/wiki/Novruz_in_Azerbaijan) · 2009) Flatbread making and sharing culture: Lavash (/wiki/Lavash) , Katyrma, Jupka, Yufka (2016) Art of crafting and playing with kamancha (/wiki/Kamancheh) (2017) Heritage of the Book of Dede Gorgud (/wiki/Book_of_Dede_Korkut) , epic culture, folk tales and music (2018) Art of miniature (/wiki/Persian_miniature) (2020) Sericulture (/wiki/Sericulture) and traditional production of silk for weaving ( Azeri (/wiki/Silk_industry_in_Azerbaijan) · 2022) Culture of tea (/wiki/Tea) , a symbol of identity, hospitality and social interaction ( Azeri (/wiki/Azerbaijani_tea_culture) · 2022) Telling tradition of Molla Nasraddin (/wiki/Nasreddin) anecdotes (2022) Craftsmanship and performing art of balaban (/wiki/Balaban_(instrument)) (2023) Craftsmanship of mother of pearl inlay (/wiki/Damascening) (2023) Iftar (/wiki/Iftar) and its socio-cultural traditions (2023) Art of illumination (/wiki/Illuminated_manuscript) (2023) Need of Urgent Safeguarding Chovgan (/wiki/Chovgan) , a traditional Karabakh horse (/wiki/Karabakh_horse) -riding game (2013) Yalli (/wiki/Yalli) ( kochari (/wiki/Kochari) , tenzere (/wiki/Tenzere) ), traditional group dances of Nakhchivan (/wiki/Nakhchivan_Autonomous_Republic) (2018) v t e UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible (/wiki/UNESCO_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_Lists) Cultural Heritage of Humanity (/wiki/UNESCO_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_Lists) /Europe and N. 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See also Category:American male models (/wiki/Category:American_male_models) Contents Top (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:American_female_models) 0–9 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=0) A (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=A) B (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=B) C (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=C) D (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=D) E (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=E) F (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=F) G (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=G) H (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=H) I (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=I) J (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=J) K (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=K) L (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=L) M (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=M) N (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=N) O (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=O) P (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=P) Q (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=Q) R (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=R) S (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=S) T (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=T) U (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=U) V (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=V) W (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=W) X (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=X) Y (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=Y) Z (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&from=Z) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐6mf8p Cached time: 20240720164759 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [no‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.122 seconds Real time usage: 0.186 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 463/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 31068/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3542/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 23/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 5342/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.042/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1285686/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 169.586 1 -total 47.65% 80.806 1 Template:Commons_category 46.11% 78.196 1 Template:Sister_project 44.88% 76.107 1 Template:Side_box 36.15% 61.305 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 35.32% 59.893 2 Template:Category_other 33.00% 55.964 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 29.26% 49.617 1 Template:Category_TOC 23.58% 39.984 1 Template:TOC_top 17.72% 30.050 1 Template:Flatlist Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:14347021-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720164759 and revision id 1055463993. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 8 subcategories, out of 8 total. American female models by state (/wiki/Category:American_female_models_by_state) ‎ (49 C) A American female adult models (/wiki/Category:American_female_adult_models) ‎ (137 P) African-American female models (/wiki/Category:African-American_female_models) ‎ (2 C, 178 P) F Female models of insular areas of the United States (/wiki/Category:Female_models_of_insular_areas_of_the_United_States) ‎ (1 C, 4 P) H Hispanic and Latino American female models (/wiki/Category:Hispanic_and_Latino_American_female_models) ‎ (2 C, 45 P) I American female models of Indian descent (/wiki/Category:American_female_models_of_Indian_descent) ‎ (14 P) N Native American female models (/wiki/Category:Native_American_female_models) ‎ (8 P) W Female models from Washington, D.C. (/wiki/Category:Female_models_from_Washington,_D.C.) ‎ (14 P) Pages in category "American female models" The following 200 pages are in this category, out of approximately 624 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . (previous page) ( next page (/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&pagefrom=Kim%2C+Irene%0AIrene+Kim#mw-pages) ) A Amanda Abizaid (/wiki/Amanda_Abizaid) Emelina Adams (/wiki/Emelina_Adams) Adele Uddo (/wiki/Adele_Uddo) Salwa Aga Khan (/wiki/Salwa_Aga_Khan) Jawahir Ahmed (/wiki/Jawahir_Ahmed) Adesuwa Aighewi (/wiki/Adesuwa_Aighewi) Idia Aisien (/wiki/Idia_Aisien) Natasha Alam (/wiki/Natasha_Alam) Heidi Albertsen (/wiki/Heidi_Albertsen) Alexis Lete (/wiki/Alexis_Lete) Kim Alexis (/wiki/Kim_Alexis) Kristian Alfonso (/wiki/Kristian_Alfonso) Gia Allemand (/wiki/Gia_Allemand) Amarilis (actress) (/wiki/Amarilis_(actress)) Judi Andersen (/wiki/Judi_Andersen) Ever Anderson (/wiki/Ever_Anderson) Madison Anderson (/wiki/Madison_Anderson) Pamela Anderson (/wiki/Pamela_Anderson) Amanda Annan (/wiki/Amanda_Annan) Tess Annique (/wiki/Tess_Annique) Mars Argo (/wiki/Mars_Argo) Roxanne Arlen (/wiki/Roxanne_Arlen) Mandy Ashford (/wiki/Mandy_Ashford) Pat Ast (/wiki/Pat_Ast) Moran Atias (/wiki/Moran_Atias) Coco Austin (/wiki/Coco_Austin) B Anjhula Mya Bais (/wiki/Anjhula_Mya_Bais) Ireland Baldwin (/wiki/Ireland_Baldwin) Kiara Barnes (/wiki/Kiara_Barnes) Drew Barrymore (/wiki/Drew_Barrymore) Mischa Barton (/wiki/Mischa_Barton) Susan Bay (/wiki/Susan_Bay) Gabbriette (/wiki/Gabbriette) Catherine Bell (actress) (/wiki/Catherine_Bell_(actress)) Paris Berelc (/wiki/Paris_Berelc) Elizabeth Berkley (/wiki/Elizabeth_Berkley) Karen Bjornson (/wiki/Karen_Bjornson) Bo Black (/wiki/Bo_Black) Helen Blair (/wiki/Helen_Blair) Susan Blakely (/wiki/Susan_Blakely) Rosa Blasi (/wiki/Rosa_Blasi) Bleona (/wiki/Bleona) Lexi Boling (/wiki/Lexi_Boling) Angie Bowie (/wiki/Angie_Bowie) Lindsay Brewer (/wiki/Lindsay_Brewer) Angelica Bridges (/wiki/Angelica_Bridges) Sailor Brinkley Cook (/wiki/Sailor_Brinkley_Cook) Christie Brinkley (/wiki/Christie_Brinkley) Dee Brock (/wiki/Dee_Brock) Foxy Brown (rapper) (/wiki/Foxy_Brown_(rapper)) Hannah Brown (/wiki/Hannah_Brown) Vanessa Bryant (/wiki/Vanessa_Bryant) Sibyl Buck (/wiki/Sibyl_Buck) Michèle Burke (/wiki/Mich%C3%A8le_Burke) Natalie Burn (/wiki/Natalie_Burn) Lauren Bush (/wiki/Lauren_Bush) C Dyan Cannon (/wiki/Dyan_Cannon) Joselyn Cano (/wiki/Joselyn_Cano) Gia Carangi (/wiki/Gia_Carangi) Nicole Carboni (/wiki/Nicole_Carboni) Devon Lee Carlson (/wiki/Devon_Lee_Carlson) Barbara Carrera (/wiki/Barbara_Carrera) Joanne Carson (model) (/wiki/Joanne_Carson_(model)) Shaun Casey (/wiki/Shaun_Casey) Loan Chabanol (/wiki/Loan_Chabanol) Abby Champion (/wiki/Abby_Champion) JuJu Chan (/wiki/JuJu_Chan) Arden Cho (/wiki/Arden_Cho) Kelly Choi (/wiki/Kelly_Choi) Susie Coelho (/wiki/Susie_Coelho) Lior Cole (/wiki/Lior_Cole) Max Collins (actress) (/wiki/Max_Collins_(actress)) Joy Corrigan (/wiki/Joy_Corrigan) Nancy Corrigan (/wiki/Nancy_Corrigan) Ninalee Craig (/wiki/Ninalee_Craig) Cindy Crawford (/wiki/Cindy_Crawford) Claudia Cron (/wiki/Claudia_Cron) Olivia Culpo (/wiki/Olivia_Culpo) Lisa K. Cummins (/wiki/Lisa_K._Cummins) D Cathee Dahmen (/wiki/Cathee_Dahmen) Pearls Daily (/wiki/Pearls_Daily) Wendy Dascomb (/wiki/Wendy_Dascomb) Carole Davis (/wiki/Carole_Davis) Nina Davuluri (/wiki/Nina_Davuluri) Susie De Los Santos (/wiki/Susie_De_Los_Santos) Marisela de Montecristo (/wiki/Marisela_de_Montecristo) Cecilia Dean (/wiki/Cecilia_Dean) Lydie Denier (/wiki/Lydie_Denier) Lily-Rose Depp (/wiki/Lily-Rose_Depp) Toots Deville (/wiki/Toots_Deville) Torrey DeVitto (/wiki/Torrey_DeVitto) Cameron Diaz (/wiki/Cameron_Diaz) Janice Dickinson (/wiki/Janice_Dickinson) Mekayla Diehl (/wiki/Mekayla_Diehl) Kira Dikhtyar (/wiki/Kira_Dikhtyar) Nancy Donahue (/wiki/Nancy_Donahue) Meg Donnelly (/wiki/Meg_Donnelly) Dounia (/wiki/Dounia) Daphnée Duplaix (/wiki/Daphn%C3%A9e_Duplaix) Nancy Dutiel (/wiki/Nancy_Dutiel) E Anna Easteden (/wiki/Anna_Easteden) Victoria Elise (/wiki/Victoria_Elise) Ember (model) (/wiki/Ember_(model)) Femi Emiola (/wiki/Femi_Emiola) Tami Erin (/wiki/Tami_Erin) F Nargis Fakhri (/wiki/Nargis_Fakhri) Farrah Fawcett (/wiki/Farrah_Fawcett) Emma Ferrer (/wiki/Emma_Ferrer) Christine Fetzer (/wiki/Christine_Fetzer) Tziporah Malkah (/wiki/Tziporah_Malkah) Kelly Fisher (model) (/wiki/Kelly_Fisher_(model)) Jennifer Flavin (/wiki/Jennifer_Flavin) Elise Ford (/wiki/Elise_Ford) Jane Forth (/wiki/Jane_Forth) Jeanne Robert Foster (/wiki/Jeanne_Robert_Foster) Gisele Fox (/wiki/Gisele_Fox) Julia Fox (/wiki/Julia_Fox) Anne Francis (/wiki/Anne_Francis) Frankee (/wiki/Frankee) Janaye Furman (/wiki/Janaye_Furman) Talita von Fürstenberg (/wiki/Talita_von_F%C3%BCrstenberg) G Nichole Galicia (/wiki/Nichole_Galicia) Savannah Gankiewicz (/wiki/Savannah_Gankiewicz) India Gants (/wiki/India_Gants) Sarah Gaugler (/wiki/Sarah_Gaugler) Maggie Geha (/wiki/Maggie_Geha) Katie George (sportscaster) (/wiki/Katie_George_(sportscaster)) Isabel Getty (/wiki/Isabel_Getty) Monica Gill (/wiki/Monica_Gill) Lisa Gleave (/wiki/Lisa_Gleave) Leila Goldkuhl (/wiki/Leila_Goldkuhl) Holly Golightly (comics) (/wiki/Holly_Golightly_(comics)) Jaslene Gonzalez (/wiki/Jaslene_Gonzalez) Amanda Googe (/wiki/Amanda_Googe) Sasha Gradiva (/wiki/Sasha_Gradiva) Kat Graham (/wiki/Kat_Graham) Courtney Grosbeck (/wiki/Courtney_Grosbeck) Ella Gross (/wiki/Ella_Gross) Vida Guerra (/wiki/Vida_Guerra) H Shelley Hack (/wiki/Shelley_Hack) Bella Hadid (/wiki/Bella_Hadid) Gigi Hadid (/wiki/Gigi_Hadid) Beth Hagendorf (/wiki/Beth_Hagendorf) Ella Halikas (/wiki/Ella_Halikas) Gita Hall (/wiki/Gita_Hall) Willow Hand (/wiki/Willow_Hand) Ondria Hardin (/wiki/Ondria_Hardin) Eloise Hardt (/wiki/Eloise_Hardt) Angie Harmon (/wiki/Angie_Harmon) Karen Harris (model) (/wiki/Karen_Harris_(model)) Bethann Hardison (/wiki/Bethann_Hardison) Angela Harry (/wiki/Angela_Harry) Melissa Joan Hart (/wiki/Melissa_Joan_Hart) Lori Harvey (/wiki/Lori_Harvey) Erin Heatherton (/wiki/Erin_Heatherton) McKenna Hellam (/wiki/McKenna_Hellam) Marie Helvin (/wiki/Marie_Helvin) Emma Heming Willis (/wiki/Emma_Heming_Willis) Margaux Hemingway (/wiki/Margaux_Hemingway) Lara Cosima Henckel von Donnersmarck (/wiki/Lara_Cosima_Henckel_von_Donnersmarck) Sandra Hess (/wiki/Sandra_Hess) Vanessa Hessler (/wiki/Vanessa_Hessler) Ahmo Hight (/wiki/Ahmo_Hight) Taylor Hill (model) (/wiki/Taylor_Hill_(model)) Brooke Hogan (/wiki/Brooke_Hogan) Willa Holland (/wiki/Willa_Holland) Hannah Holman (/wiki/Hannah_Holman) May Hong (/wiki/May_Hong) Stephanie Honoré (/wiki/Stephanie_Honor%C3%A9) Mela Hudson (/wiki/Mela_Hudson) Candice Huffine (/wiki/Candice_Huffine) Donna Rice Hughes (/wiki/Donna_Rice_Hughes) Sage Humphries (/wiki/Sage_Humphries) I Saya Ichikawa (/wiki/Saya_Ichikawa) J Jacquelyn Jablonski (/wiki/Jacquelyn_Jablonski) Dominique Jackson (model) (/wiki/Dominique_Jackson_(model)) Louisa Jacobson (/wiki/Louisa_Jacobson) Celina Jade (/wiki/Celina_Jade) Georgia May Jagger (/wiki/Georgia_May_Jagger) Jarma Lewis (/wiki/Jarma_Lewis) Nia Jax (/wiki/Nia_Jax) Tully Jensen (/wiki/Tully_Jensen) Hannah Jeter (/wiki/Hannah_Jeter) Eve Jobs (/wiki/Eve_Jobs) Joi (singer) (/wiki/Joi_(singer)) Donna Jordan (/wiki/Donna_Jordan) Olivia Jordan (/wiki/Olivia_Jordan) Anchal Joseph (/wiki/Anchal_Joseph) Milla Jovovich (/wiki/Milla_Jovovich) Christine Juarbe (/wiki/Christine_Juarbe) Chandler Juliet (/wiki/Chandler_Juliet) K Kiara Kabukuru (/wiki/Kiara_Kabukuru) Elizabeth Kaitan (/wiki/Elizabeth_Kaitan) Haley Kalil (/wiki/Haley_Kalil) Kalomira (/wiki/Kalomira) Rosanne Katon (/wiki/Rosanne_Katon) Ali Kay (/wiki/Ali_Kay) Ele Keats (/wiki/Ele_Keats) Stacy Keibler (/wiki/Stacy_Keibler) Lilliana Ketchman (/wiki/Lilliana_Ketchman) (previous page) ( next page (/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&pagefrom=Kim%2C+Irene%0AIrene+Kim#mw-pages) ) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&oldid=1055463993 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:American_female_models&oldid=1055463993) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : American models (/wiki/Category:American_models) American women by occupation (/wiki/Category:American_women_by_occupation) Female models by nationality (/wiki/Category:Female_models_by_nationality) Hidden categories: Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata) Template Category TOC via Automatic category TOC on category with 601–900 pages (/wiki/Category:Template_Category_TOC_via_Automatic_category_TOC_on_category_with_601%E2%80%93900_pages) Automatic category TOC generates standard Category TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_standard_Category_TOC)
1948 (/wiki/Category:1948_clothing) 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 (/wiki/Category:1954_clothing) 1955 (/wiki/Category:1955_clothing) 1956 1957 1958 1900s (/wiki/Category:1900s_clothing) 1910s 1920s (/wiki/Category:1920s_clothing) 1930s (/wiki/Category:1930s_clothing) 1940s (/wiki/Category:1940s_clothing) 1950s (/wiki/Category:1950s_clothing) 1960s (/wiki/Category:1960s_clothing) 1970s 1980s (/wiki/Category:1980s_clothing) 1990s (/wiki/Category:1990s_clothing) 2000s (/wiki/Category:2000s_clothing) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐dc899b7cc‐g5cjf Cached time: 20240719054450 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.129 seconds Real time usage: 0.187 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 144/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 4044/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 105/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 36/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 5517/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.091/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1019235/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 176.601 1 -total 86.98% 153.601 1 Template:Navseasoncats_with_decades_below_year 7.98% 14.090 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 5.13% 9.064 1 Template:Category_other 4.20% 7.422 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 3.81% 6.729 2 Template:Title_year 1.12% 1.975 1 Template:Template_other 1.07% 1.889 1 Template:DECADE 0.77% 1.364 1 Template:Clear Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:55031379-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719054450 and revision id 982830717. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse Pages in category "1953 clothing" This category contains only the following page. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . P Pink dress of Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/Pink_dress_of_Marilyn_Monroe) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1953_clothing&oldid=982830717 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:1953_clothing&oldid=982830717) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing by year (/wiki/Category:Clothing_by_year) 1953 works (/wiki/Category:1953_works) 1950s clothing (/wiki/Category:1950s_clothing) Hidden categories: Category series navigation year and decade (/wiki/Category:Category_series_navigation_year_and_decade) Automatic category TOC generates no TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_no_TOC)
Online fashion marketplace WonderLuk Ltd Company type Private (/wiki/Private_company_limited_by_shares) Industry Fashion Founded 2013 ; 11 years ago ( 2013 ) Founders Andre Schober, Roberta Lucca (/wiki/Roberta_Lucca) Headquarters London (/wiki/London) , United Kingdom Area served Europe Products Jewellery (/wiki/Jewellery) Fashion Accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) Website wonderluk (http://wonderluk.com/) .com (http://wonderluk.com/) WonderLuk.com ( / (/wiki/Help:IPA/English) ˈ w ʌ n d ər ˌ l ʊ k / (/wiki/Help:IPA/English) WUN -dər-luuk [1] (#cite_note-1) ) was an online fashion marketplace that sold on-demand 3D-printed (/wiki/3D_printing) fashion accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessories) and jewellery (/wiki/Jewellery) . [2] (#cite_note-2) In 2017, WonderLuk's founders announced that they would be discontinuing the brand owing to limited market interest. [3] (#cite_note-3) History [ edit ] The company was based in London and was founded by Roberta Lucca (/wiki/Roberta_Lucca) and Andre Schober in 2013 before it was launched in April 2014. WonderLuk have sold 3D-printed (/wiki/3D_printing) bracelets (/wiki/Bracelets) , brooches (/wiki/Brooch) , necklaces (/wiki/Necklaces) , rings (/wiki/Ring_(jewellery)) , earrings (/wiki/Earrings) , bow ties (/wiki/Bow_ties) [4] (#cite_note-4) and smartphone cases. The designs have been created by architects, product, and jewellery designers from around the world. All products are made to order (/wiki/Build_to_order) in a location close to the customer using distributed manufacturing (/wiki/Distributed_manufacturing) . The products are currently made from nylon (/wiki/Nylon) using selective laser sintering (/wiki/Selective_laser_sintering) [5] (#cite_note-5) and metals such as sterling silver (/wiki/Sterling_silver) , titanium (/wiki/Titanium) and 18k gold (/wiki/Gold) . [6] (#cite_note-6) The founders take a strong stance against overproduction and mass-produced fashion. [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) In a recent interview, one of the co-founders stated that "the era of customisation had begun" and predicted that fashion customers in the future will want totally customised items, instantly delivered to their homes. [9] (#cite_note-9) WonderLuk was nominated for the 3D Printshow Global Awards 2014. [10] (#cite_note-10) Expansion [ edit ] In August 2015, WonderLuk opened the first pop-up store for 3D-printed jewellery in Europe [11] (#cite_note-11) and in November 2015, WonderLuk collaborated with Topshop (/wiki/Topshop) to open a 3D-printed accessories pop-up store at their Oxford Circus branch. [12] (#cite_note-12) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "WonderLuk - A Crowdcube Video - See How Bespoke 3D Printed Jewellery Will Be Delivered to Your Door!" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K5B46lx_l7Y) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . Retrieved 9 April 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "WonderLuk Is Using 3D Printing To Power An On-Demand Fashion Accessories Marketplace" (https://techcrunch.com/2014/10/16/wonderluk/) . techcrunch.com. 16 October 2014 . Retrieved 13 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Home" (http://wonderluk.com/) . wonderluk.com . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "3D Printed Bow Ties Are A Thing And They're Awesome" (http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2015/08/14/3d-printed-bow-ties_n_7988154.html) . huffingtonpost.co.uk. 14 August 2015 . Retrieved 28 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Take a WonderLuk at This Online Destination for Made-to-Order 3D Printed Fashion" (http://3dprintingindustry.com/2014/04/24/take-wonderluk-online-destination-made-order-3d-printed-fashion/) . 3dprintingindustry.com. 24 April 2014 . Retrieved 7 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "3D printing: From racing cars to dresses to human tissue" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-29114744) . news.bbc.co.uk. 9 September 2014 . Retrieved 13 November 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "This season's 5 fashion tech trendsetters" (http://techcitynews.com/2013/09/12/this-seasons-five-fashion-tech-trendsetters/) . techcitynews.com. 12 September 2013 . Retrieved 7 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "3D printing – Interview with Roberta Lucca – Wonderluk" (http://elfashionista.net/2014/06/30/3d-printing-interview-with-roberta-lucca-wonderluk/) . elfashionista.net. 30 June 2012 . Retrieved 7 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Tech Firms Seek Inspiration From Fashion" (http://news.sky.com/story/1327075/tech-firms-seek-inspiration-from-fashion) . news.sky.com. 30 August 2014 . Retrieved 31 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "3D Printshow Global Awards - Rising Stars" (http://3dprintshow.com/global-awards/rising-star/) . 3dprintshow.com . Retrieved 22 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Meet WonderLuk: Europe's first 3D-printed jewellery pop-up" (http://www.thememo.com/2015/08/27/wonderluk-first-3d-printed-jewelry-pop-up-fashion-3d-printing/) . thememo.com. 27 August 2015 . Retrieved 28 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Topshop launches first 3D printed accessory pop-up with Wonderluk" (http://www.thememo.com/2015/11/06/3d-printed-jewellery-topshop-wonderluk-pop-up/) . thememo.com. 6 November 2015 . Retrieved 19 February 2016 . External links [ edit ] Official Website (http://wonderluk.com/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐75759f6667‐pl9g2 Cached time: 20240708120902 Cache expiry: 2029859 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.376 seconds Real time usage: 0.474 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1787/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 28051/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1557/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 44746/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.243/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6563602/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 446.947 1 -total 40.97% 183.111 1 Template:Reflist 36.52% 163.223 12 Template:Cite_web 30.92% 138.210 1 Template:Infobox_company 27.62% 123.450 1 Template:Infobox 17.47% 78.070 1 Template:Short_description 10.10% 45.155 2 Template:Pagetype 7.88% 35.214 1 Template:IPAc-en 4.44% 19.864 7 Template:Main_other 3.58% 16.001 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:43539945-0!canonical and timestamp 20240708120902 and revision id 1218238124. 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Narumiya International Company Limited Company type Company Limited Industry Textiles (/wiki/Textile_industry) , Children's clothing (/wiki/Children%27s_clothing) , Retail (/wiki/Retail) Founded 1906, Hiroshima (/wiki/Hiroshima) , Japan (/wiki/Japan) Headquarters Tokyo (/wiki/Tokyo) , Japan (/wiki/Japan) Area served Worldwide Key people Toshiaki Ishii [1] (#cite_note-NarumiyaInfo-1) Number of employees (1,404 (April 2016) [1] (#cite_note-NarumiyaInfo-1) ) Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) SBI Holdings Website http://www.narumiya-net.co.jp/ (http://www.narumiya-net.co.jp/) Narumiya International ( jp (/wiki/Japanese_language) : 株式会社ナルミヤ・インターナショナル ) is a Japanese company limited (/wiki/Joint-stock_company) headquartered in Minato Ward (/wiki/Minato,_Tokyo) , Tokyo (/wiki/Tokyo) , Japan (/wiki/Japan) . The firm manufactures and distributes textiles (/wiki/Textile_industry) and specializes in children's clothing (/wiki/Children%27s_clothing) . [1] (#cite_note-NarumiyaInfo-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Overview [ edit ] As of 2005, the company operated 896 stores globally. The company focuses on the manufacture, processing, and sale of childrenʼs clothing and accessories for existing brands under license and for the company's own set of in-house brands. [1] (#cite_note-NarumiyaInfo-1) In 2007, SBI Holdings (/wiki/SBI_Group) took a majority stake in the company. In August 2016, it was announced that Japan Industrial Partners (/wiki/Japan_Industrial_Partners) was to acquire Narumiya for an undisclosed amount. [3] (#cite_note-3) History [ edit ] In 1906, the company was established as a dry goods (/wiki/Dry_goods) wholesaler in Hiroshima (/wiki/Hiroshima) , Japan (/wiki/Japan) . [4] (#cite_note-NarumiyaHistory-4) In 1952, the company was registered as the Narumiya Textile Corporation. In 1968, the company began making women's apparel. In 1979, the company changed its name to the Narumiya Corporation and moved its head office to Minato Ward (/wiki/Minato,_Tokyo) , Tokyo (/wiki/Tokyo) from Hiroshima. In August 1991, the name was changed again to Narumiya Enterprise Company Limited with the establishment of two wholly owned subsidiaries, Narumiya International Corporation and Narumiya Company Limited. In 1995, the company name was again changed to Narumiya International Company Limited, and a store was opened in Hong Kong (/wiki/Hong_Kong) . On March 9, 2009, the company was listed on the JASDAQ (/wiki/JASDAQ) Brands [ edit ] Angel Blue [5] (#cite_note-NarumiyaBrands-5) Anna Sui Mini (/wiki/Anna_Sui_Mini) [6] (#cite_note-6) B.room Baby Cheer Blue Cross -964- Blue Cross Girls Blue Cross Kids By Loveit Daisy Lovers Daisy Lovers Paradise Kids Kate Spade New York Children's (/wiki/Kate_Spade) [5] (#cite_note-NarumiyaBrands-5) Lindsay Jusqu'a Kladscap Love & Peace & Money Clothings Lovetoxic Mezzo Piano Mini-K Petit Main Petit Main Lien Pink Papillon Pom Ponette Pom Ponette Junior Pupil House Sence of Wonder X-Girl Stages XLarge Kids References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Company Profile" (http://www.narumiya-net.co.jp/company/english/company.html) . narumiya-net.co.jp . Narumiya International. 2016 . Retrieved December 6, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Narumiya International Co Ltd" (https://www.bloomberg.com/profiles/companies/3364:JP-narumiya-international-co-ltd) . bloomberg.com . Bloomberg. 2016 . Retrieved December 6, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Ghosh, Anirvan (August 1, 2016). "Japan Industrial Partners is acquiring Narumiya International from SBI Holdings" (http://www.dealstreetasia.com/stories/49137-49137/) . dealstreetasia.com . DealStreetAsia . Retrieved December 6, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-NarumiyaHistory_4-0) "History" (http://www.narumiya-net.co.jp/company/english/history.html) . narumiya-net.co.jp . Narumiya International. 2016 . Retrieved December 6, 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Company Profile" (http://www.narumiya-net.co.jp/company/english/brand.html) . narumiya-net.co.jp . Narumiya International. 2016 . Retrieved December 6, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Anna Sui Mini" (http://www.annasui-mini.com/) . annasui-mini.com . Narumiya International. 2016 . Retrieved December 6, 2016 . External links [ edit ] Narumiya International Website (http://www.narumiya-net.co.jp/) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/252163382) This article about a fashion brand, house, corporation or company is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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A knit shawl featuring a lettuce hem. A lettuce hem is a frilled hem (/wiki/Hem) invented by Stephen Burrows (/wiki/Stephen_Burrows_(designer)) . The hem was popular in the disco era (/wiki/Disco_era) for how it added movement to a garment. [1] (#cite_note-studio-1) Description [ edit ] The lettuce hem is named for its resemblance to a lettuce (/wiki/Lettuce) leaf. The hem gets its characteristic waves from a zig-zag overlock (/wiki/Overlock) stitching pattern typical of Burrows' work, which emphasized rather than concealed hems and stitching. [2] (#cite_note-bricks-2) The technique is mostly used on knit textiles such as jersey fabric (/wiki/Jersey_(fabric)) , which allow the hem to hold its shape. [3] (#cite_note-bof-3) History [ edit ] Stephen Burrows invented the lettuce hem in the 1970s. [1] (#cite_note-studio-1) The nature of the invention is disputed, with The Museum at FIT (/wiki/The_Museum_at_FIT) characterizing the invention as arising from a sewing error while the FIDM Museum (/wiki/FIDM_Museum) claims he was inspired by Diana Vreeland (/wiki/Diana_Vreeland) requesting a garment in "lettuce green." [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Regardless, the hem became a signature of Burrows and remained popular throughout the decade. The style reemerged in the 1990s, particularly on knit "babydoll" style T-shirts (/wiki/T-shirt) . Lettuce hems became popular again in the late 2010s (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) and early 2020s, largely as a reference to the 1990s iteration of the trend. [2] (#cite_note-bricks-2) [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) With the increased interest in upcycling (/wiki/Upcycling) old and thrifted (/wiki/Charity_shop) clothing during this period, the lettuce hem became a way to update a garment. The patchwork top, which features lettuce hems all across the garment rather than just along the edges, enjoyed popularity starting in 2020. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) References [ edit ] ^ a b Long, Monique. "Stephen Burrows: Clothes that Danced" (https://studiomuseum.org/article/stephen-burrows-clothes-danced) . Studio Museum Harlem . Retrieved 17 October 2020 . ^ a b Lawrence, Jonquil. "A Brief History of Trends that Originated from Black Communities" (https://bricksmagazine.co.uk/2020/06/29/black-culture-in-fashion-a-brief-history-of-trends-that-originated-from-black-communities/#:~:text=The%20now%20iconic%20lettuce%20hem,stitch%20became%20his%20signature%20style.) . Bricks Magazine . Retrieved 18 October 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-bof_3-0) "Fashion A-Z" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/education/fashion-az/lettuce-hem) . Business of Fashion . Retrieved 17 October 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Facebook post from Museum at FIT" (https://www.facebook.com/TheMuseumAtFIT/photos/signature-moments-week-the-lettuce-hem-on-this-dress-was-created-by-mistake-when/10158097852928092/) . Facebook (/wiki/Facebook) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Stephen Burrows" (https://blog.fidmmuseum.org/museum/2010/01/stephen-burrows.html) . FIDM Museum Blog . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Clark, Kelsey. "The Only T-Shirt Trends That Matter in 2020, According to Fashion Girls" (https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/only-t-shirt-trends-matter-050000539.html) . Yahoo . Retrieved 18 October 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Cassano, Maria. "46 Comfy Pieces That Make You Look So Much Cuter Around The House" (https://www.bustle.com/style/comfy-pieces-that-make-you-look-so-much-cuter-around-the-house) . Bustle . Retrieved 18 October 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Coscarelli, Alyssa. "WTF Are "Lettuce Sleeves" & Why Are They Trending?" (https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/lettuce-cut-sleeves-neckline-trend) . www.refinery29.com . Retrieved 22 November 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Satenstein, Liana. "The Patchwork Top Has Become the Summer Lockdown Look" (https://www.vogue.com/article/patchwork-trend-lockdown-zoom-style-asai-sherris-rua-carlota) . Vogue . Retrieved 18 October 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "À La Moda: Patchwork" (https://remezcla.com/features/culture/a-la-moda-patchwork/) . Remezcla . 20 October 2020 . Retrieved 22 November 2020 . This clothing (/wiki/Clothing) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lettuce_hem&action=edit) . v t e This fashion (/wiki/Fashion) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Italian luxury haute couture label Vionnet Srl Founded 1912 Founder Madeleine Vionnet (/wiki/Madeleine_Vionnet) Defunct 2018 ( 2018 ) Headquarters Milan (/wiki/Milan) , Italy (/wiki/Italy) Products Luxury goods (/wiki/Luxury_goods) Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) ChimHaeres Investment Holding Website vionnet (http://vionnet.com) .com (http://vionnet.com) Vionnet is an haute couture label founded by the French couturier (/wiki/Couturier) Madeleine Vionnet (/wiki/Madeleine_Vionnet) . Established in 1912, the house of Vionnet closed doors in 1939. Vionnet was relaunched by Guy and Arnaud de Lummen in the mid-1990s with perfumes and accessories, and then in 2006 with ready-to-wear collections. In 2012, Vionnet was purchased by the Kazakh businesswoman Goga Ashkenazi (/wiki/Goga_Ashkenazi) . In 2023, Chimhaeres Investments purchased the brand. The Madeleine Vionnet Years [ edit ] From 1912 to 1914 [ edit ] The House of Vionnet opened in 1912 at 222, Rue de Rivoli (/wiki/Rue_de_Rivoli) . Madeleine Vionnet provided one-third of the financing while the remaining investment was supplied by one of her clients, Germaine Lilas, Henri's Lillas' daughter, the owner of the Parisian department store Bazar de l'Hôtel de Ville (/wiki/Bazar_de_l%27H%C3%B4tel_de_Ville) (BHV). In 1914, when World War I started, Madeleine Vionnet closed the house and set off to visit Rome (/wiki/Rome) . From 1919 to 1940 [ edit ] In 1919, the house reopened after the war. Mr. Martinez de Hoz, an Argentinian, joined Mr. Lillas as main shareholder of the house. During the same period, Thayaht (/wiki/Thayaht) , a futurist artist, created Vionnet's logo and started designing textiles, clothing and jewelry for the house. In 1922, Théophile Bader, owner of the Galeries Lafayette (/wiki/Galeries_Lafayette) , joined current shareholders Mr. de Hoz and Mr. Lillas in a new venture called Vionnet & Cie and became the majority shareholder. [1] (#cite_note-1) Few months later, on April 15, 1923, Vionnet's new premises opened at 50, Avenue Montaigne (/wiki/Avenue_Montaigne) . [2] (#cite_note-2) The so-called "Temple of Fashion", a collaboration of architect Ferdinand Chanut, decorator George de Feure and crystal sculptor René Lalique (/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Lalique) , incorporated a spectacular Salon de Présentation and two boutiques: a fur salon and a lingerie salon. 1923 was a very active year for the house: Vionnet co-founded the first anticopyist Association (L'Association pour la Défense des Arts Plastiques et Appliqués), hosted in the House's premises and directed Vionnet & Cie's managing director; Vionnet introduced fingerprinted labels to authenticate models (each garment produced in Vionnet studios bears a label featuring Vionnet's original signing and an imprint of Vionnet's right thumb); Vionnet & Cie entered into a distribution arrangement with Charles and Ray Gutman, who own Charles & Ray Ladies' Tailors and Importers in New York City. In November, the first collection of Vionnet clothing shown at Charles and Ray was an enormous success. In 1924, architect and designer Boris Lacroix was appointed art director of the House. From 1924 to 1937, he designed furniture, logos, printed textiles, handbags, accessories and took part in the planning of Vionnet's perfumes. In the mid-1920s, the house was extremely active in the USA. In 1924, Vionnet & Cie signed an exclusive production and distribution agreement with Fifth Avenue retail store Hickson Inc. In February 1924, the Vionnet New York Salon opened at Hickson and an exclusive collection of gowns was presented. [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) In 1925, Vionnet & Cie was the first French couture house to open a subsidiary in New York: Madeleine Vionnet Inc., located at 661 Fifth Avenue (/wiki/Fifth_Avenue) . The salon sold 'one-size-fits-all' designs with unfinished hems, to be adjusted to fit individual clients. Vionnet also produced ready-to-wear designs for US wholesale. Arguably the first prêt-à-porter ever made from Paris haute couture, the garments bore a label signed by Madeleine Vionnet along with "Repeated Original" as a trademark name. During this time, in France, Vionnet opened a salon in the Grand Casino at Biarritz (/wiki/Biarritz) . in 1925, the house launched its first limited edition perfume comprising four fragrances named alphabetically: 'A', 'B', 'C' and 'D'. The geometrical bottle was designed by Boris Lacroix while the scent was made in collaboration with the House of Coty (/wiki/Coty,_Inc.) . In 1927, Vionnet opened a school within her couture house to teach apprentices how to create clothing on the bias cut. In 1929, Vionnet led the establishment of a new anticopyist association, the P.A.I.S., directed by Armand Trouyet, managing director of Vionnet & Cie. In 1932, the House acquired a new five-storey building at 50, Avenue Montaigne (/wiki/Avenue_Montaigne) housing 21 workshops along with a clinic (equipped with both doctors and dentists) and a gymnasium. At this time, the house employed 1,200 seamstresses. Vionnet was one of the most important Parisian fashion houses of the 1930s. When World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) approached, a reorganization of the House was contemplated. Eventually, Vionnet decided to close her House. On August 2, 1939, Madeleine Vionnet showed her farewell collection. The Sleeping Years [ edit ] In 1952, years after the closing of her house, Madeleine Vionnet donated most of her designs to the archives of the UFAC (today part of the Musée de la Mode et du Textile (/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_Mode_et_du_Textile) in Paris) including 120 dresses from 1921 to 1939. In 1988, the Vionnet label was acquired by the Lummen family. The family kept a low profile approach, avoiding new fashion collections and focusing on accessories and new perfumes (launch of "Madeleine Vionnet" in 1996 and "MV" in 1998). The Revival Years [ edit ] 2006–2008 - The Lummen Era [ edit ] In July 2006, following years of speculations, [5] (#cite_note-5) Arnaud de Lummen, CEO of the house, announced a return on the fashion scene. [6] (#cite_note-6) He promised "a unique and genuine approach to bring forward the Vionnet vision" and not a simple revival. [7] (#cite_note-7) Sophia Kokosalaki (/wiki/Sophia_Kokosalaki) , then at the peak of her fame, was appointed Creative Director of the house. [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) A debut clothing collection was launched for Spring/Summer 2007 - the first Vionnet clothing collection in 67 years. The first new collection was unveiled to the public in December 2006 within the US edition of Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) . [10] (#cite_note-10) From early 2007, this first new Vionnet collection became exclusively available in the house atelier in Paris and within Barneys New York (/wiki/Barneys_New_York) flagship stores in the USA. [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) Sophia Kokosalaki (/wiki/Sophia_Kokosalaki) designed one more collection for the label before to be replaced in May 2007 by Marc Audibet, [13] (#cite_note-13) in an unexpected move from the house. [14] (#cite_note-14) Marc Audibet, appointed as artistic advisor, presented its sole and unique collection for the house in October 2007. In her review of the collection, Suzy Menkes (/wiki/Suzy_Menkes) , fashion editor of the International Herald Tribune (/wiki/International_Herald_Tribune) , stated: "Audibet has deeply understood the essence of Madeleine Vionnet." [15] (#cite_note-15) From 2008, Vionnet collaborated with a pool of designers, without revealing their identities. Arnaud de Lummen told Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) that he wanted the focus to be on the label's expansion and not on the fame of its designers: "Vionnet doesn't need to be associated with a designer's name, it's an institution." [16] (#cite_note-16) To support such expansion, de Lummen approached several investors and one of them, Matteo Marzotto (/w/index.php?title=Matteo_marzotto&action=edit&redlink=1) , eventually became a buyer. [17] (#cite_note-17) After initiating Vionnet's revival and heading the relaunch house, Arnaud de Lummen became an expert in reviving long dormant brands. Through Luvanis (/wiki/Luvanis) , he initiated Moynat (/wiki/Moynat) 's revival and acquired rights in sleeping beauty fashion brands such like Paul Poiret (/wiki/Paul_Poiret) and Mainbocher (/wiki/Mainbocher) . [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) From 2006 to 2008, Vionnet was established at 21, Place Vendôme (/wiki/Place_Vend%C3%B4me) in the former premises of Louise Chéruit (/wiki/Louise_Ch%C3%A9ruit) and Elsa Schiaparelli (/wiki/Elsa_Schiaparelli) . Vionnet produced made-in-France "demi-couture" collections closed to haute-couture in the prices featured and the techniques and textiles used. Vionnet involved historical partners of the house, such as the couture embroiderer Maison Lesage (/wiki/Maison_Lesage) . 2009–2011 - The Marzotto Era [ edit ] On February 24, 2009, Matteo Marzotto announced the acquisition of the label [20] (#cite_note-20) and the creation of a new and independent structure in Milan (/wiki/Milan) where Vionnet is now operated. Matteo Marzotto, former General Manager and President of Valentino SpA (/wiki/Valentino_SpA) , is one of the heirs of the Marzotto (/wiki/Marzotto) Group, a powerful textile group established in Italy since 1836. Matteo Marzotto also announced that some additional strategic development is to be provided by Gianni Castiglioni, CEO of the fashion brand Marni (/wiki/Marni_(clothing)) . Rodolfo Paglialunga, formerly from Prada, became the new creative director of the house, introducing his first new collection in October 2009. In September, 2011, Vionnet announced that twin sisters Barbara and Lucia Croce as creative directors, replacing Rodolfo Paglialunga. [21] (#cite_note-21) In December 2011, Vionnet unveiled its first directly owned stored in Milan. [22] (#cite_note-22) Under the leadership of Marzotto, the list of celebrities dressed by Vionnet included Zoe Saldana (/wiki/Zoe_Saldana) Diane Kruger (/wiki/Diane_Kruger) , Madonna (/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)) , Natalie Portman (/wiki/Natalie_Portman) , Carey Mulligan (/wiki/Carey_Mulligan) , Emma Watson (/wiki/Emma_Watson) , Hilary Swank (/wiki/Hilary_Swank) , Marion Cotillard (/wiki/Marion_Cotillard) , Catherine Zeta-Jones (/wiki/Catherine_Zeta-Jones) , Carey Mulligan (/wiki/Carey_Mulligan) , and Cameron Diaz (/wiki/Cameron_Diaz) . 2012–2022 - The Ashkenazi Era [ edit ] In May 2012, Kazakh-Russian businesswoman Goga Ashkenazi (/wiki/Goga_Ashkenazi) purchased a majority stake in the business [23] (#cite_note-23) before to take full control of the label in November of the same year. [24] (#cite_note-24) From August 2012, Ashkenazi replaced the Croce sisters and assumed the creative direction of the label. [25] (#cite_note-25) In October 2012, she celebrated the 100 Years of the brand with a demi-couture collection paying homage to the house's signature design. [26] (#cite_note-26) In early January 2014, Vionnet announced to have tapped Hussein Chalayan (/wiki/Hussein_Chalayan) to design the brand's demi-couture line. [27] (#cite_note-27) A first show took place on January 21, 2014. [28] (#cite_note-28) At the same time, Vionnet launched an advertising campaign shot by Jean-Paul Goude (/wiki/Jean-Paul_Goude) . The company announced in October 2018 a voluntary liquidation. [29] (#cite_note-29) The purpose of that brave decision was to focus on restructuring the brand in order to fully commit to the cause of sustainability. [30] (#cite_note-30) Since 2023 - The ChimHaeres Era [ edit ] In April 2023, the brand was acquired by ChimHaeres a joint venture investment company owned by Chimera Abu Dhabi and Haeres Capital. [31] (#cite_note-31) [32] (#cite_note-32) [33] (#cite_note-33) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Florence Brachet Champsaur, "Madeleine Vionnet and Galeries Lafayette: The unlikely marriage of a Parisian couture house and a French department store, 1922–40", Business History, Vol. 54(1), 2012, pp.48-66 ^ (#cite_ref-2) Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) , April 30, 1923 ^ (#cite_ref-3) Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) , February 19, 1924 ^ (#cite_ref-4) The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) , February 24, 1924 ^ (#cite_ref-5) Vogue.com, (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/daily/2006-07/060705-sophia-at-vionnet.aspx) Sophia at Vionnet , July 5, 2006 (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/daily/2006-07/060705-sophia-at-vionnet.aspx) ^ (#cite_ref-6) Dilaberto, Gioia (August 27, 2006). "Revival of the Fittest" (https://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/27/style/tmagazine/t_w_1551_1554_1555_talk_vionne_.html) . The New York Times (T Style Magazine). ^ (#cite_ref-7) V Magazine, (http://www.vmagazine.com/fashion_article.php?n=787) Born Again , Spring 2007 (http://www.vmagazine.com/fashion_article.php?n=787) ^ (#cite_ref-8) The Guardian, (https://web.archive.org/web/20090321050910/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/catwalkdiaries/paris/3354714/Kokosalaki-takes-the-reins-at-Vionnet.html) Kokosalaki takes the reins at Vionnet , July 7, 2006 (https://web.archive.org/web/20090321050910/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/catwalkdiaries/paris/3354714/Kokosalaki-takes-the-reins-at-Vionnet.html) ^ (#cite_ref-9) Vogue.com, (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/daily/2006-07/060713-sophias-confirmed.aspx) Sophia's confirmed , July 13, 2006 (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/daily/2006-07/060713-sophias-confirmed.aspx) ^ (#cite_ref-10) Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , Goddess Worship , December 2006, p.182-184 ^ (#cite_ref-11) Menkes, Suzy (December 18, 2006). "Renaissance of Vionnet: A bias towards elegance" (https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/18/style/18iht-fvion.3939109.html) . The New York Times . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Vionnet's Revival" (https://blogs.wsj.com/runway/2007/02/02/fw-vionnet/) . The Wall Street Journal . February 2, 2007. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Menkes, Suzy (June 18, 2007). "Marc Audibet to become design director at Vionnet" (https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/18/style/18iht-fmarc.1.6183182.html?_r=0) . The International Herald Tribune . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Vogue.com, (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/daily/2007-05/070522-all-change-at-vionnet.aspx) All change at Vionnet killer , May 22, 2007 (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/daily/2007-05/070522-all-change-at-vionnet.aspx) ^ (#cite_ref-15) Menkes, Suzy (October 8, 2007). "Turnaround begins at Vionnet" (https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/08/style/08iht-rrucci.4.7801808.html) . The New York Times . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Vionnet brand setting stage for expansion" (http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/vionnet-brand-setting-stage-for-expansion-464885) . Women's Wear Daily . February 20, 2008. ^ (#cite_ref-17) "A New Chapter for Vionnet" (http://www.businessoffashion.com/2009/02/bof-exclusive-a-new-chapter-for-vionnet.html) . The Business of Fashion . February 24, 2009. ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Arnaud de Lummen: Fashion's Brand Reviver" (http://www.wwd.com/markets-news/designer-luxury/de-lummens-revival-model-5886947) . Women's Wear Daily . May 2, 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Arnaud de Lummen awakens vintage luxury brands from their slumber" (https://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/2/03aaa54a-26a2-11e3-9dc0-00144feab7de.html#axzz2r7VzRnSf) . Financial Times . September 26, 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-20) Vogue.com, (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/daily/090226-.aspx) The Vionnet Story , February 26, 2009 (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/daily/090226-.aspx) ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Vionnet taps Croce sisters" (http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/designer-luxury/vionnet-parts-ways-with-rodolfo-paglialunga-5259238) . Women's Wear Daily . October 4, 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Vionnet opens in Milan" (http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/unveiling-vionnet-5433358) . Women's Wear Daily . December 16, 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Vionnet Gets New Majority Owner" (http://www.wwd.com/business-news/mergers-acquisitions/vionnet-gets-new-majority-shareholder-5921140) . Women's Wear Daily . May 23, 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Goga Ashkenazi on Vionnet's future" (http://www.wwd.com/business-news/mergers-acquisitions/ashkenazi-takes-full-control-of-vionnet-6476413) . Women's Wear Daily . November 8, 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Vionnet Confirms Designers on Leave" (http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/vionnet-confirms-designers-on-leave-6199342) . Women's Wear Daily . August 28, 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Vionnet celebrates 100 Years in fashion" (http://www.wwd.com/runway/spring-ready-to-wear-2013/parties/vionnet) . Women's Wear Daily . October 1, 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-27) "Hussein Chalayan to design Vionnet Demi-Couture line" (http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/couture/chalayan-to-design-vionnet-demi-couture-line-7329409) . Women's Wear Daily . January 3, 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-28) "Hussein Chalayan goes cutting edge for Vionnet" (http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/couture/hussein-chalayan-goes-cutting-edge-for-vionnet-7381760) . Women's Wear Daily . January 21, 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-29) "Vionnet goes into voluntary liquidation" (https://cpp-luxury.com/vionnet-goes-into-voluntary-liquidation/) . CPP Luxury . October 17, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-30) "Vionnet to close and reboot itself as a sustainable brand" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/fashion/fashion-news/a23866097/vionnet-liquidate-sustainable-brand/) . Harper's Bazaar . October 17, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-31) WW, FashionNetwork com. "Vionnet resurrected thanks to the owner of Borsalino and an Emirati fund" (https://ww.fashionnetwork.com/news/Vionnet-resurrected-thanks-to-the-owner-of-borsalino-and-an-emirati-fund,1505110.html) . FashionNetwork.com . Retrieved 2023-05-10 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) Zargani, Luisa (2023-04-11). "New Luxury Pole Buys Vionnet" (https://wwd.com/business-news/mergers-acquisitions/new-luxury-pole-buys-vionnet-1235608061/) . WWD . Retrieved 2023-05-10 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) LUXUS +. "Vionnet: the Couture House changes ownership - Luxus Plus" (https://luxus-plus.com/en/vionnet-the-couture-house-changes-ownership/) . Luxus Plus . Retrieved 2023-05-10 . External links [ edit ] VIONNET.com (http://www.vionnet.com) Company web site Vionnet (company) (http://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/brands/vionnet) – brand and company profile at Fashion Model Directory (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐l2nct Cached time: 20240715083803 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.399 seconds Real time usage: 0.732 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2033/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 37475/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1220/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 83022/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.244/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6178389/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 601.447 1 -total 37.19% 223.658 1 Template:Infobox_company 37.00% 222.514 1 Template:Reflist 35.16% 211.462 1 Template:Infobox 29.63% 178.221 19 Template:Cite_journal 22.71% 136.562 1 Template:Short_description 12.00% 72.181 7 Template:Main_other 11.49% 69.093 1 Template:SDcat 8.38% 50.397 2 Template:Pagetype 2.74% 16.462 3 Template:Cite_web Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:31120197-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715083803 and revision id 1223666154. 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Italian apparel brand C.P. Company Founded 1971 Founder Massimo Osti Website www.cpcompany.com (http://www.cpcompany.com) C.P. Company is an Italian apparel brand founded in 1971 by designer Massimo Osti (/wiki/Massimo_Osti) . [1] (#cite_note-FGF1-1) Initially called Chester Perry by the suggestion of his fashion entrepreneur friend Corrado Zannoni, its name was changed in 1978 following a lawsuit by Chester Barrie and Fred Perry, for the use of their first name and surname. [2] (#cite_note-beniculturali-2) C.P. Company clothing design often conducts research and design into military uniforms and work suits. [3] (#cite_note-Social-3) It became known for its functional, military-inspired outerwear and the use of innovative fabrics, processing techniques and design. Its " Mille Miglia (/wiki/Mille_Miglia) jacket" (also known as " Goggle jacket (/wiki/Goggle_jacket) ", 1988), features two clear lenses on the hood — the "goggle" — and one on the wrist, for the wristwatch. [4] (#cite_note-millemiglia-4) [5] (#cite_note-CDS-5) Since 1975 C.P. Company has produced over 40,000 garments. [3] (#cite_note-Social-3) Today, the brand has generated a large following within Dutch and English 'football hooligan' subculture. C.P. Company continues to deliver modern field jackets, soft shell goggle jackets, lens sleeve sweatshirts, and more. [6] (#cite_note-6) Ownership [ edit ] In 1984, Osti sold his company shares to GFT (Gruppo Finanziario Tessile), but stayed on as the brand's stylist until 1994. [7] (#cite_note-osti-archive-7) In 1993 the brand was acquired by Carlo Rivetti. Rivetti changed the name of the company from C.P. Company to Sportswear Company. In 2010 it was sold to Enzo Fusco's FGF Industry S.P.A. [8] (#cite_note-FGF3-8) In 2015, the company's intellectual property was bought by Hong Kong (/wiki/Hong_Kong) apparel group Tristate Holdings Limited ( SEHK (/wiki/Hong_Kong_Stock_Exchange) : 458 (https://www.hkex.com.hk/Market-Data/Securities-Prices/Equities/Equities-Quote?sym=458&sc_lang=en) ). [9] (#cite_note-quamnet-9) History [ edit ] C.P. Company was founded in 1971 in Bologna, Italy, by designer Massimo Osti (/wiki/Massimo_Osti) (1944–2005). The brand was originally called Chester Perry but following joint legal action by the British menswear brands Chester Barrie (/wiki/Chester_Barrie) and Fred Perry (/wiki/Fred_Perry_(clothing_label)) , the name was changed to C.P. Company in 1978. [10] (#cite_note-10) Initially the company produced t-shirts screen-printed with graphic designs developed by Osti, but by 1973 the brand started to produce other garments including jackets, trousers, and shirts. [11] (#cite_note-11) In 1984 Osti sold the company to GFT (Gruppo Finanziario Tessile) but stayed working with the company as a designer until 1994. In 1993 the company was bought by Carlo Rivetti (b. 1956) and became part of a larger group called Sportswear Company S.p.A. [12] (#cite_note-12) Massimo Osti resigned as creative director in 1994, and Romeo Gigli (/wiki/Romeo_Gigli) (b. 1949) was employed as the brand’s creative director, designing menswear, and launching a womenswear line. In 1997, Moreno Ferrari (b. 1952) succeeded Gigli as creative director. In 2001 Alessandro Pungetti was announced as the company's new creative director, where he remained in this role until 2009 when Wallace Faulds (b. 1979) was appointed by Carlo Rivetti as the new head of design. [13] (#cite_note-13) C.P. Company was sold by Rivetti to FGF Industry SpA in 2010. [14] (#cite_note-14) Alessandro Pungetti was reappointed as joint creative director alongside Paul Harvey in 2012. [15] (#cite_note-15) In 2015 FGF Industry SpA sold the company to Tristate Holdings Limited. [16] (#cite_note-16) In 2019, Lorenzo Osti, the son of Massimo Osti, was appointed president of C.P. Company. [17] (#cite_note-17) The brand opened a flagship store in Milan in 2019, followed by new retail locations in Amsterdam in September 2020, Riccione in June 2021, and London in 2022. [18] (#cite_note-18) Garment Dyeing and textile innovation [ edit ] An important element of C.P. Company's design aesthetic is the use of complex dye processes to generate a range of finishes to garments across their product line. In 1974 C.P. Company started developing whole garment dyeing ( Tinto in capo) as a technique of removing the stiffness from new fabrics and giving a worn appearance to final garments including T-shirts, trousers, jackets, and knitwear. [19] (#cite_note-19) C.P. Company established a technologically advanced dyeing laboratory in Ravarino, Italy to develop processes for whole garment dyeing, as there were no existing industrial processes for this treatment at the time. This resulted in the development of a number of new techniques, which were subsequently adopted by other fashion brands. [20] (#cite_note-20) [21] (#cite_note-21) The brand also developed new methods for dyeing garments that are constructed from different fibres, such as cotton and nylon, by applying multiple dyes in a single process, which results in an extensive range of finishes including a dual-colour appearance. [22] (#cite_note-22) This method enabled the company to purchase large quantities of a single raw material at a lower price, which could then be used over multiple seasons while appearing completely different due to the dyeing processes used. [23] (#cite_note-23) In addition to garment dyeing ( Tinto in capo ) C.P. Company were instrumental in the development of several other fabrics and treatments including 50 Fili, Velvet Wool, Rubber Wool and Rubber Flax. [24] (#cite_note-24) More recently the brand has utilised a variety of other cutting-edge materials including Dynafil TS-70, Dyneema, Chrome, Taylon L, NyBer, P.Ri.S.M, Polartec Alpha, Micro-M, and M.T.t.n. [25] (#cite_note-25) Garment-based research [ edit ] C. P. Company’s design process was initially informed by Osti’s substantial garment archive, which was used to research archetypal military, industrial, or utilitarian garments and reinterpret details of their design to inform new design outcomes. By 1996 the archive contained over 35,000 garments. [26] (#cite_note-26) This approach to design was exemplified by the launch in 1991 of the Continuative Garments range from C.P. Company, which saw variations of the same garments being reissued each season, with the use of innovative fabrication and dyeing techniques used to transform these garments. [27] (#cite_note-27) It enabled the brand to perfect and refine a series of core garments, including the Mille Miglia jacket which was based on the Swiss Alpenflage M70 military jacket and features multiple pockets. [28] (#cite_note-28) The Mille Miglia jacket also featured two plastic lenses in the hood which were inspired by research that Osti undertook on protective hoods and anti-gas masks produced during the Second World War. [29] (#cite_note-29) The first Mille Miglia jackets were produced by C.P. Company in 1988 and were initially given away to the organisers and competitors of the Mille Miglia (1000 Miles) endurance race, which the brand sponsored in 1998 and 1989. [30] (#cite_note-30) In 2009, the company invited designer Aitor Throup (/wiki/Aitor_Throup) to design the 20th anniversary version of the Mille Miglia jacket, which was subsequently shortlisted by The Design Museum (/wiki/Design_Museum) , London for the Designs of the Year Award 2010. [31] (#cite_note-31) Urban Protection range [ edit ] Following his appointment at creative director Moreno Ferrari developed the Urban Protection range which was launched in 1997 and was produced each season until 2001. [32] (#cite_note-32) It built on the brand’s approach to continuative garments, but while these had previously been constructed in predominantly natural fibres such as linen, cotton, leather, and wool, the Urban Protection range used an industrial nylon, Dynafil TS-70, in nearly all of the collection’s outerwear. [33] (#cite_note-33) In addition, several garments in the range featured built-in technology, including torches, headphones, personal alarms, and pollution detectors, and were given evocative names such as Metropolis, Atlas, Life, LED, R.E.M., Move, and Rest. [34] (#cite_note-34) Ferrari's approach to the Urban Protection range has been widely interpreted as being influenced by the concept of the non-place, which was first explored by Marc Auge in his 1995 book Non-Places: Introduction to an Anthropology of Supermodernity . [35] (#cite_note-35) Curator Andrew Bolton (/wiki/Andrew_Bolton_(curator)) noted that the garments functionality aligned with the transitional spaces of the airport, highway, and subway. [36] (#cite_note-36) While Ferrari described these non-places as, ‘…anonymous spaces which annul our soul; a soul which we all pretend to forget about, but which can suddenly re-emerge to remind us who we are and what we really need.’ [37] (#cite_note-37) Ferrari later designed the Transformables range for Spring Summer 2000 that included several inflatable or transforming garments constructed from blue-tinted transparent polyurethane, reinforced by a carbon coating. [38] (#cite_note-38) The garments included a coat that turned into a mattress, a jacket that inflated into a chair, and a coat that turned into a kite. [39] (#cite_note-39) In 2006, the Transformables Parka/Air Mattress was exhibited at the Museum of Modern Art (/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art) in New York and is now held in their permanent collection. [40] (#cite_note-40) [41] (#cite_note-41) The Urban Protection range was relaunched in 2020, with a reworking of the Metropolis jacket in Dyneema, which is marketed as the world’s strongest fibre [42] (#cite_note-42) [43] (#cite_note-43) Collaborations [ edit ] As part of the celebrations around the brand’s 50th anniversary in 2021, C.P. Company produced a series of collaborations with several other brands, including Patta, adidas Spezial (/wiki/Adidas_Originals) , Barbour (/wiki/Barbour_(company)) , Clarks Originals (/wiki/Clarks_(shoe_retailer)) , and Emporio Armani (/wiki/Emporio_Armani) . [44] (#cite_note-44) [45] (#cite_note-45) [46] (#cite_note-46) [47] (#cite_note-47) [48] (#cite_note-48) In 2023 a collaborative capsule collection with British streetwear brand Palace (/wiki/Palace_Skateboards) was produced, based on reinterpretations of classic garments from C.P. Company’s own archive. [49] (#cite_note-49) The brand has also collaborated with a number of musicians, including Kano, Sergio Pizzorno of Kasabian, Liam Gallagher (/wiki/Liam_Gallagher) , and the band Gorillaz, to create capsule collections. [50] (#cite_note-50) [51] (#cite_note-51) [52] (#cite_note-52) [53] (#cite_note-53) While notable musicians who have worn the brand include Noel Gallagher, Liam Gallagher, Bez from the Happy Mondays, and Damon Albarn who wore the Aitor Throup-designed Mille Miglia on the cover of his 2014 album Everyday Robots. [54] (#cite_note-54) [55] (#cite_note-55) [56] (#cite_note-56) Subcultural influence [ edit ] The casual subculture that emerged during the late 1970s on the football terraces in the United Kingdom was notable for its adoption Italian brands that were difficult to find in the United Kingdom at the time. By the mid-1980s, C.P. Company began to be worn by casuals in the United Kingdom, along with other Italian brands such as Stone Island (/wiki/Stone_Island) , Fila, Tacchini, Emporio Armani, Ellesse, Benetton, and Fiorucci. [57] (#cite_note-57) [58] (#cite_note-58) Particular jackets, such as the Mille Miglia goggle jacket and later the Metropolis, became iconic within the casual subculture due to C.P. Company's emphasis on distinctive outerwear. [59] (#cite_note-59) The integrated goggles in the Mille Miglia jacket also made it easy for wearers to conceal their identity from CCTV cameras and police surveillance officers. [60] (#cite_note-60) By the late 1990s and early 2000s the brands Mille Miglia jacket which had been issued each season as part of the company’s Continuative Garments range had come to symbolise the casual subculture, with illustrations of football casuals wearing the jacket appearing on numerous t-shirts manufactured by other brands, such as 80s Casuals and Casual Connoisseurs, highlighting the jacket's iconic status within the subculture. The jacket was also featured on the cover of Phil Thornton’s 2003 book Casuals: Football, Fighting and Fashion: The Story of a Terrace Cult . [61] (#cite_note-61) In 2022, The Art of the Terraces exhibition at the Walker Gallery, Liverpool which examined the connection between casual culture and art, featured a number of artworks featuring the jacket by artists including as Peter O'Toole, Jens Wagner, Jamie Pike, and Paul Curtis. [62] (#cite_note-62) [63] (#cite_note-63) Between 1985 and 1993 C.P. Company published its own biannual magazine in Italian, English, and Japanese, which features the new seasons collections, with each issue selling 50,000 copies. [64] (#cite_note-64) In 2022, C.P. Company introduced a new magazine called Arcipelago which is published biannually. [65] (#cite_note-65) References [ edit ] Company portal (/wiki/Portal:Company) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Italy portal (/wiki/Portal:Italy) ^ (#cite_ref-FGF1_1-0) "C.P. Company" (https://web.archive.org/web/20161221105047/http://www.fgf-industry.com/en/brands/2/c.p.-company) . FGF Industry S.P.A . Archived from the original (http://www.fgf-industry.com/en/brands/2/c.p.-company) on 21 December 2016 . Retrieved 9 April 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-beniculturali_2-0) "Osti, Massimo" (http://siusa.archivi.beniculturali.it/cgi-bin/pagina.pl?TipoPag=prodpersona&Chiave=59788&RicPag=3&RicProgetto=reg-emr&RicVM=indice&RicSez=prodpersone&RicTipoScheda=pp) . siusa.archivi.beniculturali.it . Retrieved 9 April 2016 . ^ a b "Social" (https://web.archive.org/web/20181201222757/https://www.slamjamsocialism.com/brands/cp-company) . Slam Jam Socialism . Archived from the original (https://www.slamjamsocialism.com/brands/cp-company) on 1 December 2018 . Retrieved 1 December 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-millemiglia_4-0) "The Mille Miglia Jacket 1988-1989" (https://www.cpcompany.co.uk/blogs/archive/53206469-the-mille-miglia-jacket-1988-1989) . www.cpcompany.co.uk . Retrieved 9 April 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-CDS_5-0) "Le lenti sul cappuccio e l'oblò per l'orologio: è il "vintage" tecnico" (http://www.corriere.it/moda/news/15_giugno_16/lenti-cappuccio-l-oblo-l-orologio-vintage-tecnico-0ab6f43a-1429-11e5-896b-9ad243b8dd91.shtml) . Corriere della Sera (in Italian) . Retrieved 9 April 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "CP Company - Jackets & More | EQVVS" (https://www.eqvvs.co.uk/c-p-company-m67) . www.eqvvs.co.uk . Retrieved 2019-06-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-osti-archive_7-0) "C.P. Company 'Archivio' Collection: Autumn – Winter 1994" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160422200932/http://www.osti-archive.com/blog/2014/01/19/c-p-company-archivio-collection-autumn-winter-1994/) . www.osti-archive.com . Archived from the original (http://www.osti-archive.com/blog/2014/01/19/c-p-company-archivio-collection-autumn-winter-1994/) on 22 April 2016 . Retrieved 9 April 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-FGF3_8-0) "C.P. Company" (https://web.archive.org/web/20161221105054/http://www.fgf-industry.com/en/brands/23/c.p.-company) . FGF Industry S.P.A . Archived from the original (http://www.fgf-industry.com/en/brands/23/c.p.-company) on 21 December 2016 . Retrieved 9 April 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-quamnet_9-0) "Tristate (00458) buys C.P. Company intellectual property" (https://web.archive.org/web/20161220085841/https://www.quamnet.com/newscontent.action?articleId=4452244) . Quamnet.com . 2015-11-12. Archived from the original (https://www.quamnet.com/newscontent.action?articleId=4452244) on 20 December 2016 . Retrieved 9 April 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Lodovico Pignatti Moreno, ed., C.P. Company 971-021. An Informal History of Italian Sportswear (Tristate International SA and IDEA Books, 2021). ^ (#cite_ref-11) Daniela Facchinato, Ideas from Massimo Osti , 01 edition (Bologna, Italy: Damiani, 2012), 26. ^ (#cite_ref-12) Byoungho Jin and Elena Cedrola, Product Innovation in the Global Fashion Industry (Springer, 2017), 46. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Emilie Marsh, ‘C.P. Company Names New Designer’, Women’s Wear Daily , 16 April 2009, sec. 1. ^ (#cite_ref-14) Hong Kong-Listed Tristate Holdings Buys Italian C.P. Company’, Italian Collection , 8 December 2015, http://global.factiva.com/redir/default.aspx?P=sa&an=ITACOL0020151208ebc8000b8&cat=a&ep=ASE (http://global.factiva.com/redir/default.aspx?P=sa&an=ITACOL0020151208ebc8000b8&cat=a&ep=ASE) . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Stories: Interview: C.P.'s Alessandro Pungetti and Paul Harvey" (https://www.the-spin-off.com/news/stories/Interview-C.P.s-Alessandro-Pungetti-and-Paul-Harvey-6347) . the-spin-off.com . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) ‘Hong Kong-Listed Tristate Holdings Buys Italian C.P. Company’. ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Italian sportswear label CP Company appoints Lorenzo Osti as president" (https://ww.fashionnetwork.com/news/Italian-sportswear-label-cp-company-appoints-lorenzo-osti-as-president,1083045.html) . FashionNetwork.com . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Carrera, Martino (2019-06-14). "C.P. Company Goes Back to the Future" (https://wwd.com/feature/cp-company-unveils-milan-store-1203171210/) . WWD . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Facchinato, Ideas from Massimo Osti , 26. ^ (#cite_ref-20) Jin and Cedrola, Product Innovation in the Global Fashion Industry , 44. ^ (#cite_ref-21) Thomaï Serdari, Rethinking Luxury Fashion: The Role of Cultural Intelligence in Creative Strategy (Springer Nature, 2020), 34. ^ (#cite_ref-22) Fouad Sabry, E-Textiles: Monitor Personal Health and Detect Early Warning Disease Signs (One Billion Knowledgeable, 2022). ^ (#cite_ref-23) Facchinato, Ideas from Massimo Osti , 16. ^ (#cite_ref-24) Facchinato, Ideas from Massimo Osti , 150 ^ (#cite_ref-25) "The Complete Guide to C.P. Company: History, Sizing & Fit" (https://www.farfetch.com/uk/style-guide/brands/cp-company-size-guide-and-history/) . www.farfetch.com . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Timeline" (https://www.massimoosti.com/massimo-osti/timeline/) . MASSIMO OSTI ARCHIVE . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) ‘Timeline’. ^ (#cite_ref-28) "Post Page" (https://aligeorgehinkins.com/home/into-the-archive-the-20th-anniversary-of-c-p-company-s-mille-miglia-jacket-by-aitor-throup) . aligeorgehinkins.com . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) Facchinato, Ideas from Massimo Osti , 220. ^ (#cite_ref-30) "How Motorsport's Most Iconic Race Created the Stylish Mille Miglia Goggle Jacket" (https://oracleoftime.com/how-motorsports-most-iconic-race-created-the-stylish-mille-miglia-goggle-jacket/) . Oracle Time . 2022-06-14 . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "Design Museum announce shortlist for Brit Insurance Designs of the Year" (https://www.dezeen.com/2010/01/18/design-museum-announce-shortlist-for-brit-insurance-designs-of-the-year/) . Dezeen . 2010-01-18 . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) Cristina Morozzi, Carlo Rivetti: C.P. Company - Stone Island (Milano: Automobilia, 2001), 79. ^ (#cite_ref-33) ‘Misc.Sell.Aneous’, Orienteer Mapazine, accessed 23 March 2023, https://www.orienteermapazine.com/urban (https://www.orienteermapazine.com/urban) . ^ (#cite_ref-34) Andrew Bolton, The Supermodern Wardrobe , 1st edition (London: V & A Publications, 2002), 66. ^ (#cite_ref-35) Marc Auge, Non-Places: Introduction to an Anthropology of Supermodernity , trans. John Howe (London; New York: Verso Books, 1995). ^ (#cite_ref-36) Bolton, The Supermodern Wardrobe . ^ (#cite_ref-37) Morozzi, Carlo Rivetti . ^ (#cite_ref-38) Quinn, Bradley (2003). The fashion of architecture . Internet Archive. New York : Berg. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-85973-752-1 . ^ (#cite_ref-39) Morozzi, Carlo Rivetti , 81. ^ (#cite_ref-40) Antonelli, Paola (2005). Safe : design takes on risk . Internet Archive. New York : Museum of Modern Art ; London : Thames & Hudson [distributor]. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-87070-580-9 . ^ (#cite_ref-41) "Moreno Ferrari | MoMA" (https://www.moma.org/artists/27789) . The Museum of Modern Art . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-42) Davey, Jacob. "London Poet James Massiah Unveils C.P Company's Newly-Remastered Metropolis Dyneema Jacket" (https://www.complex.com/style/a/jacob-davey/cp-comany-urban-protection-james-massiah) . Complex . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-43) "Home | Dyneema" (https://www.dyneema.com/) . www.dyneema.com . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-44) "Patta and C.P. Company Tap Into Their Musical Heritage" (https://hypebeast.com/2021/5/patta-and-c-p-company-tap-into-their-musical-heritage-capsule-collection-release-info) . Hypebeast . 2021-05-21 . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-45) "The C.P. Company x adidas Spezial collaboration is a tale of two…" (https://theface.com/style/the-cp-company-x-adidas-spezial-collaboration-is-a-tale-of-two-cities) . The Face . 2021-10-06 . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-46) "Autumn showers? Barbour and CP Company have got you covered" (https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/fashion/article/barbour-cp-company-2021) . British GQ . 2021-09-27 . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-47) "C.P. Company and Clarks Originals Celebrate The Point Where Nature Meets City" (https://hypebeast.com/2022/3/clarks-originals-cp-company-desert-trek-collaboration-release-info) . Hypebeast . 2022-03-15 . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-48) "Italian excellence: Emporio Armani and C.P. Company announce collaboration" (https://www.wallpaper.com/fashion/emporio-armani-cp-company-collaboration) . wallpaper.com . 2021-12-16 . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-49) Salibian, Sandra (2022-12-19). "A Look Into Palace's New Collab With C.P. Company" (https://wwd.com/menswear-news/mens-sportswear/palace-cp-company-new-collaboration-drop-capsule-collection-1235451897/) . WWD . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-50) Sam Cole, ‘FLANNELS Strikes Gold With C.P. Company & Kano’, Highsnobiety, 22 Mar ^ (#cite_ref-51) "C.P. Company Collaborates With Sergio Pizzorno on New Capsule" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/cp-company-sergio-pizzorno-collection/) . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-52) "Liam Gallagher Launches C.P. Company, Snow Peak and Barbour Collaborations" (https://hypebeast.com/2022/5/liam-gallagher-cp-company-snow-peak-barbour-nigel-cabourn) . Hypebeast . 2022-05-26 . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-53) "Gorillaz Team up With C.P. Company on New Merch Capsule" (https://hypebeast.com/2017/11/gorillaz-cp-company-merch-collection) . Hypebeast . 2017-11-27 . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-54) "Fifty years on, C.P. Company is still the pioneer of Italian sportswear" (https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/gq-partnerships-topic/bc/cp-company-is-the-pioneer-of-italian-sportswear) . British GQ . 2021-03-09 . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-55) Dazed (2021-10-06). "CP Company is taking over a sleepy Lancashire town" (https://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/54401/1/cp-company-sleepy-lancashire-town-darwen-spezial-50th-anniversary) . Dazed . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-56) Gosling, Emily (2014-01-29). "Art director Aitor Throup on designing for Damon Albarn" (https://www.designweek.co.uk/issues/january-2014/art-director-aitor-throup-on-designing-for-damon-albarn/) . Design Week . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-57) Stanley Smith, Dressers: Pt. 1 (Greymatters Media, 2012), 161. ^ (#cite_ref-58) William Routledge, Northern Monkeys: Dressing and Messing at the Match and More, As Told by the Lads Who Were There , Second updated edition. (Marple, Cheshire: ThinkMore, 2013), 299. ^ (#cite_ref-59) Routledge, 355. ^ (#cite_ref-60) William Routledge, Oh Yes, Oh Yes, We Are the PPS - Full-on True Stories of Preston North End’s Most Fanatical Followers (Kings Road Publishing, 2010), 103. ^ (#cite_ref-61) Phil Thornton, Casuals : Football, Fighting and Fashion : The Story of a Terrace Cult (Lytham: Lytham : Milo Books, 2003). ^ (#cite_ref-62) Ryder, Elliott (2022-10-29). "Football, Adidas and risking 'lives' for the latest trainers" (https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/football-adidas-risking-our-lives-25380987) . Liverpool Echo . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-63) Jonze, Tim (2022-11-25). "And Van Gogh scores! What happens when art, football and fashion collide" (https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2022/nov/25/art-football-fashion-lowry-world-cup-van-gogh-beautiful-game) . The Guardian . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0261-3077 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077) . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-64) Facchinato, Ideas from Massimo Osti , 361. ^ (#cite_ref-65) "C.P. Company presents a new magazine called "Arcipelago" (https://www.nssmag.com/en/article/29212) " (https://www.nssmag.com/en/article/29212) . nss magazine . Retrieved 2023-08-09 . 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British fashion designer Caroline Castigliano (c.1960 -) born on the 23rd September is a British fashion designer, noted for her elegant timeless classic (/wiki/Bespoke) wedding and evening wear dress ranges, the Caroline Castigliano Collection. [1] (#cite_note-RothsteinUrshel2002-1) [2] (#cite_note-Delamore2005-2) [3] (#cite_note-Gold2008-3) In her early twenties she set up a business in Florida, 'Survival Kit', designing sportswear for women, which was sold in Macy's (/wiki/Macy%27s) , Bloomingdales (/wiki/Bloomingdales) and Saks (/wiki/Saks_Incorporated) . [4] (#cite_note-Benbow-Pfalzgraf2002-4) [5] (#cite_note-History-5) In 1990, she returned to the UK and opened a bespoke bridalwear retail business and in the mid nineties worked with Jasper Conran. In 1996 she launched her first high end bridal dress collection. [5] (#cite_note-History-5) As of 2016, Castigliano has a prestigious showroom located in Knightsbridge, London and a unique dedicated production facility in Lincolnshire (UK). Dresses are sold via specialist stockists throughout the world. She has featured in interviews with Brides Magazine (/w/index.php?title=Brides_Magazine&action=edit&redlink=1) , Wedding Magazine (/w/index.php?title=Wedding_Magazine&action=edit&redlink=1) and Wedding TV (/wiki/Wedding_TV) and featured on "How the Rich Get Hitched" which ran on Channel 4 in 2015 References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-RothsteinUrshel2002_1-0) Rothstein, Ronald; Urshel, Mara; Lyon, Todd (5 March 2002). How to Buy Your Perfect Wedding Dress . Simon and Schuster. p. 28 (https://archive.org/details/howtobuyyourperf00rona/page/28) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7432-2581-6 . Retrieved 22 February 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-Delamore2005_2-0) Delamore, Philip (20 October 2005). The wedding dress: a sourcebook . Pavilion. p. 40. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-86205-702-9 . Retrieved 22 February 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-Gold2008_3-0) Gold, Jacqueline (7 February 2008). Please Let It Stop: The True Story of My Abused Childhood . Ebury Press. p. 167. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-09-192527-7 . Retrieved 22 February 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-Benbow-Pfalzgraf2002_4-0) Benbow-Pfalzgraf, Taryn (March 2002). Contemporary fashion . St. James Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-55862-348-4 . Retrieved 22 February 2012 . ^ Jump up to: a b "History" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120106073430/http://www.carolinecastigliano.co.uk/history) . Caroline Castigliano.co.uk. Archived from the original (http://www.carolinecastigliano.co.uk/history/) on 6 January 2012 . Retrieved 22 February 2012 . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐77ccb7d944‐jz2jl Cached time: 20240709174524 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.170 seconds Real time usage: 0.255 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 442/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 10233/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 428/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 20266/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.113/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4181485/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 242.726 1 -total 50.89% 123.526 1 Template:Reflist 40.37% 97.984 4 Template:Cite_book 29.62% 71.885 1 Template:Short_description 18.13% 44.011 1 Template:Authority_control 16.49% 40.034 2 Template:Pagetype 7.71% 18.726 3 Template:Main_other 6.87% 16.673 1 Template:SDcat 2.93% 7.115 1 Template:Cite_web 1.22% 2.954 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:34843520-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709174524 and revision id 1227394544. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caroline_Castigliano&oldid=1227394544 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caroline_Castigliano&oldid=1227394544) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Wedding dress designers (/wiki/Category:Wedding_dress_designers) British fashion designers (/wiki/Category:British_fashion_designers) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) British people of Italian descent (/wiki/Category:British_people_of_Italian_descent) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Year of birth missing (living people) (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing_(living_people))
German clothing company Merz b. Schwanen Company type Private (/wiki/Privately_held_company) Industry Clothing (/wiki/Clothing) Accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) Founded 2011 Headquarters Berlin (/wiki/Berlin) , Germany Key people Peter Plotnicki (Owner, CEO (/wiki/Chief_executive_officer) ) Gitta Plotnicki (Creative Director, Co-Owner) Products Fashion (/wiki/Fashion_design) Accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) Owner Peter Plotnicki Website www (http://www.merz-schwanen.com) .merz-schwanen (http://www.merz-schwanen.com) .com (http://www.merz-schwanen.com) Merz b. Schwanen is a German clothing company known to produce on original loop-wheelers with organic materials in Germany (/wiki/Germany) . History [ edit ] Originally, Merz b. Schwanen was founded by Balthasar Merz as "Balthasar Merz beim Schwanen" on the Swabian Alps in 1911 and remained a family owned business until 2008. [1] (#cite_note-pm-1) Globalization processes dominated the following decades of the 20th century, which caused a decline of the German textile industry because of both, foreign companies and domestic companies, that outsourced parts of their value chain to low-wage countries. Eventually Balthasar Merz beim Schwanen could not keep up with those companies and was forced to close its gates in 2008 due to a lack of orders. [2] (#cite_note-:5-2) Relaunch [ edit ] After finding an original Balthasar Merz beim Schwanen Henley shirt at a flea market in Berlin, menswear designer Peter Plotnicki and his wife Gitta teamed up with one of the last remaining textile factories in Albstadt, a small town on the Swabian Jura (/wiki/Swabian_Jura) . [3] (#cite_note-3) After reevaluating the traditional way of production by using the same old loopwheelers [4] (#cite_note-:3-4) and receiving the rights to utilize the name "Merz b. Schwanen" from descendants of Balthasar Merz, the brand made was relaunched in 2011. [5] (#cite_note-5) The first Menswear collection was shown at the Bread & Butter (tradeshow) (/wiki/Bread_%26_Butter_(tradeshow)) tradeshow in January 2011 in Berlin. [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) All products are designed by Peter and Gitta Plotnicki in Berlin, where the company´s headquarter is based. The production is still located in Albstadt. [7] (#cite_note-7) Since its release, Merz b. Schwanen is sold in more than 35 countries. [4] (#cite_note-:3-4) The brand has been collaborating with brands and designers like Nigel Cabourn (/wiki/Nigel_Cabourn) , [8] (#cite_note-8) Junya Watanabe (/wiki/Junya_Watanabe) , [9] (#cite_note-9) Rowing Blazers (/wiki/Rowing_Blazers) [10] (#cite_note-10) and Monocle (/wiki/Monocle_(UK_magazine)) [11] (#cite_note-11) Products [ edit ] The company produces T-shirts (/wiki/T-shirt) , [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) Henley shirts (/wiki/Henley_shirt) , sweatshirts (/wiki/Sweatshirts) , sweatpants (/wiki/Sweatpants) , undergarments (/wiki/Undergarment) [12] (#cite_note-:4-12) and socks [13] (#cite_note-13) for men and women with styles referencing vintage workwear and sportswear to contemporary garments. [14] (#cite_note-:6-14) The shirts have been praised by fashion insiders such as Nick Carvell from British GQ (/wiki/British_GQ) as one of the most comfortable, as well as best-looking shirts, one will own. [12] (#cite_note-:4-12) Most garments are made of 100% organic cotton from Greece [2] (#cite_note-:5-2) without chemical finishings, with different thicknesses or alternatively of cotton blends with Viscose (/wiki/Viscose) or Merino wool (/wiki/Merino) . [14] (#cite_note-:6-14) Another characteristic of Merz b. Schwanen garments is the woven label which is manufactured with a hand-made punch cards on historical looms from the 19th century. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-pm_1-0) "At Work: Merz B. Schwanen" (http://www.port-magazine.com/fashion/at-work-merz-b-schwanen/) . PORT Magazine . Retrieved 10 February 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Merz b. Schwanen: Alte Maschinen, moderne Vermarktung" (http://www.wiwo.de/unternehmen/industrie/merz-b-schwanen-alte-maschinen-moderne-vermarktung/7615358-3.html) . Wirtschaftswoche . Retrieved 2017-04-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Carvell, Nick (2015-11-02). "Merz B Schwanen's downtime shirts: minimal seams, maximum style" (https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/merz-b-schwanen-shirts-launch-at-browns) . British GQ . Retrieved 2020-03-11 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Opas Hemd wird Kult - Arbeiterwäsche aus der Schwäbischen Alb" (http://www.swr.de/geschichte/opas-hemd-wird-kult-arbeiterwaesche-aus-der-schwaebischen-alb/-/id=100754/did=11803608/nid=100754/17gzmjs/index.html) . SWR.de (in German) . Retrieved 2017-04-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "The Heritage Post No 4 - Rugged Guy: Peter". The Heritage Post . January 2017. ^ Jump up to: a b Williams, Gisela (2011-07-13). "Berlin Celebrates Bread & Butter Trade Show" (https://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/14/fashion/berlin-celebrates-bread-butter-trade-show.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2017-04-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Uropas Unterhemd begeistert Retro-Fans" (https://www.welt.de/newsticker/news3/article108557209/Uropas-Unterhemd-begeistert-Retro-Fans.html) . Die Welt . 9 August 2012 . Retrieved 10 February 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Merz b. Schwanen for Nigel Cabourn Grandad Tee" (http://www.acquiremag.com/style/merz-b-schwanen-for-nigel-cabo) . Acquire . Retrieved 2017-04-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Junya Watanabe Teams up With Merz B. Schwanen on Patchwork Jersey Capsule Collection" (http://www.highsnobiety.com/2016/02/08/junya-watanabe-teams-up-with-merz-b-schwanen-on-patchwork-jersey-capsule-collection/) . Highsnobiety . 2017-04-05 . Retrieved 2017-04-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Rowing Blazers Taps Sports D'Epoque & Merz B. Schwanen for Capsule" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/2017/08/27/rowing-blazers-pop-up-capsule/) . Highsnobiety . 10 February 2018 . Retrieved 10 February 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "10 Years of Monocle, 10 Limited Edition Products" (https://www.apetogentleman.com/2017/03/17/10-years-monocle-10-limited-edition-products/) . Ape to Gentleman . 2017-03-17 . Retrieved 2017-04-05 . ^ Jump up to: a b Carvell, Nick. "Merz B Schwanen's downtime shirts: minimal seams, maximum style" (https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/merz-b-schwanen-shirts-launch-at-browns) . British GQ . Retrieved 2017-04-05 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Tudela, Alex (2017-03-16). "Men's Fashion: Don't Be Afraid of Bright Feet" (https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/03/16/t-magazine/mens-socks-shoes.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2017-04-05 . ^ Jump up to: a b Alone, No Man Walks. "No Man Walks Alone" (https://nomanwalksalone.tumblr.com/post/73316518411/interview-with-peter-plotnicki-of-merz-b) . No Man Walks Alone . Retrieved 2017-04-05 . External links [ edit ] Official Website (http://www.merz-schwanen.com/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐75f5cdb58d‐tlfnx Cached time: 20240702130356 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.279 seconds Real time usage: 0.365 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1677/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 30155/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1267/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 53412/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.176/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5777204/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 342.365 1 -total 43.38% 148.508 1 Template:Reflist 30.13% 103.154 8 Template:Cite_web 27.41% 93.831 1 Template:Infobox_company 26.78% 91.673 1 Template:Short_description 24.24% 82.985 1 Template:Infobox 14.94% 51.162 2 Template:Pagetype 8.13% 27.838 7 Template:Main_other 7.38% 25.255 6 Template:Cite_news 7.22% 24.724 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:57074215-0!canonical and timestamp 20240702130356 and revision id 1232193560. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Merz_b._Schwanen&oldid=1232193560 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Merz_b._Schwanen&oldid=1232193560) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing brands of Germany (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_of_Germany) Underwear brands (/wiki/Category:Underwear_brands) Companies based in Baden-Württemberg (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg) German brands (/wiki/Category:German_brands) Clothing companies of Germany (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_of_Germany) Hidden categories: CS1 German-language sources (de) (/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata)
Films about jewellery (/wiki/Jewellery) , decorative items worn for personal adornment (/wiki/Adornment) , such as brooches (/wiki/Brooch) , rings (/wiki/Ring_(jewellery)) , necklaces (/wiki/Necklace) , earrings (/wiki/Earring) , pendants (/wiki/Pendant) , bracelets (/wiki/Bracelet) , and cufflinks (/wiki/Cufflink) . Jewellery may be attached to the body or the clothes. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐b7d4d997‐cnsqt Cached time: 20240628150320 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.005 seconds Real time usage: 0.008 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 1/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:69814703-0!canonical and timestamp 20240628150320 and revision id 1072625439. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Films about jewellery" The following 9 pages are in this category, out of 9 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A The Affair of the Necklace (/wiki/The_Affair_of_the_Necklace) C The Curse of the Jade Scorpion (/wiki/The_Curse_of_the_Jade_Scorpion) D Desire (1936 film) (/wiki/Desire_(1936_film)) The Diamond Necklace (film) (/wiki/The_Diamond_Necklace_(film)) G Gotham (film) (/wiki/Gotham_(film)) K Kolkatay Kohinoor (/wiki/Kolkatay_Kohinoor) P The Pink Panther (1963 film) (/wiki/The_Pink_Panther_(1963_film)) Q The Queen's Necklace (1946 film) (/wiki/The_Queen%27s_Necklace_(1946_film)) T Trouble Chasers (/wiki/Trouble_Chasers) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Films_about_jewellery&oldid=1072625439 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Films_about_jewellery&oldid=1072625439) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Films about fashion (/wiki/Category:Films_about_fashion) Films about the visual arts (/wiki/Category:Films_about_the_visual_arts) Jewellery (/wiki/Category:Jewellery)
(Redirected from Dermott Rowan (/w/index.php?title=Dermott_Rowan&redirect=no) ) Irish fashion designer (born 1963) Orla Kiely Nationality Irish Education Royal College of Art (/wiki/Royal_College_of_Art) (MA) Occupation Fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) Spouse Dermott Rowan Children 2 Awards Irish Tatler Woman of the Year UK Fashion Export Awards (twice) UK Fashion Export Gold Award Website www (http://www.orlakiely.com) .orlakiely (http://www.orlakiely.com) .com (http://www.orlakiely.com) Orla Kiely , OBE (/wiki/Officer_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire) (born 1963) is an Irish (/wiki/Irish_people) fashion designer based in London. She began her career designing hats, and moved on to design work on handbags (/wiki/Handbag) and a variety of other items including kitchenware (/wiki/Kitchenware) and cars. She received a master's degree from the Royal College of Art (/wiki/Royal_College_of_Art) . She worked with several companies before setting up her own business. Kiely Rowan PLC, the retail and wholesale entity operating the fashion business under Kiely's name, ceased trading on 17 September 2018, but has continued selling through its distribution partners. [1] (#cite_note-1) Biography [ edit ] Kiely credits her grandmother with being the creative influence in her life. Her father was an accountant (/wiki/Accountant) ; her mother studied science before being forced to give up work by her employers after she married. [2] (#cite_note-goodwebpatternreview-2) Kiely qualified as a textile designer at the National College of Art and Design (/wiki/National_College_of_Art_and_Design) in Dublin and moved to New York to work for a wallpaper and fabric designer. [3] (#cite_note-cuttingedge-3) She moved to England to work for Esprit (/wiki/Esprit_Holdings) while studying for a master's degree (/wiki/Master%27s_degree) at the Royal College of Art (/wiki/Royal_College_of_Art) in London, [4] (#cite_note-couttswoman-4) primarily in knitwear (/wiki/Knitwear) . [3] (#cite_note-cuttingedge-3) In her exit show at the RCA, she displayed a range of hats which were purchased by Harrods (/wiki/Harrods) . She did design work for Marks & Spencer (/wiki/Marks_%26_Spencer) and Habitat (/wiki/Habitat_(retailer)) . [4] (#cite_note-couttswoman-4) She began designing handbags and hats after her father noted during her first London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) that everyone was carrying a handbag, but no one was wearing a hat. [5] (#cite_note-5) In the late 1990s, she had the idea to laminate cloth for handbags: "At the time, no one was doing anything like it. Laminated fabric, in those days, meant tablecloths." [3] (#cite_note-cuttingedge-3) Together with her husband, Dermott Rowan, she formed The Orla Kiely Partnership in 1997. Her husband explained in an interview, "Nothing was planned, the whole thing started by accident. Kiely was consulting for other companies and designing her own collection at the weekend, which she would give to me to organize. We had this chaotic situation where deliveries of her designs would come into our apartment and if I didn't get them out by 5pm, there was nowhere to sit!" [4] (#cite_note-couttswoman-4) Kiely showed in London Fashion Week and secured her first export orders. The following year, they took the collection to Premiere Class. [6] (#cite_note-RTE-6) She has been awarded the title of Visiting Professor of Textiles at the Royal College of Art and was made a Senior Fellow in 2016. [2] (#cite_note-goodwebpatternreview-2) In June 2014, Kiely was awarded an honorary degree from the University for the Creative Arts (/wiki/University_for_the_Creative_Arts) . [ citation needed ] In 2015, Kiely was made an Honorary Fellow of the British Institute of Design. She also was made an Honorary Doctor of Norwich University of the Arts (/wiki/Norwich_University_of_the_Arts) . [ citation needed ] Design work [ edit ] Kiely design work on the back of a London bus Kiely has been described by The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) as "the Queen of Prints." [7] (#cite_note-myspaceguardian-7) Her designs have been used for a variety of objects, including kitchenware (/wiki/Kitchenware) , [8] (#cite_note-8) stationery (/wiki/Stationery) , furniture (/wiki/Furniture) , [4] (#cite_note-couttswoman-4) wallpaper (/wiki/Wallpaper) , [2] (#cite_note-goodwebpatternreview-2) and a range of Citroën DS3 (/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_DS3) cars. [9] (#cite_note-citroen-9) She has also designed a refillable water bottle called the "Wottle", which is a collaboration with the water filter company Brita (/wiki/Brita_(company)) . The bottle features her green-stem design and is made from high-density polyethylene (/wiki/High-density_polyethylene) , a recyclable plastic material, and produced by a company in Suffolk (/wiki/Suffolk) . [10] (#cite_note-10) Her business operates out of a studio in Pimlico, London. She has completed two publications entitled Home and Pattern , both published by Conran Octopus. She released a third publication, A Life in Pattern , in early 2018 to coincide with her exhibition at the Fashion and Textile Museum (/wiki/Fashion_and_Textile_Museum) in May. Personal life [ edit ] Keily is married to Dermott Rowan; they have two sons. [11] (#cite_note-worldof-11) [7] (#cite_note-myspaceguardian-7) In popular culture [ edit ] In July 2010 Kiely was one of six contemporary, internationally renowned Irish fashion designers featured on a set of Irish postage stamps (/wiki/Postage_stamps_of_Ireland) issued by An Post (/wiki/An_Post) . The other designers featured were Paul Costelloe (/wiki/Paul_Costelloe) , Louise Kennedy (/wiki/Louise_Kennedy) , John Rocha (/wiki/John_Rocha) , Philip Treacy (/wiki/Philip_Treacy) and Lainey Keogh (/wiki/Lainey_Keogh) . [12] (#cite_note-12) Kiely's stamp was an 82c stamp bearing her name in large orange letters at the top along with an image of a handbag with her leaf design against a white background. [11] (#cite_note-worldof-11) Her fashion line has been worn by Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge (/wiki/Catherine,_Duchess_of_Cambridge) , [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) and celebrities including Kirsten Dunst (/wiki/Kirsten_Dunst) [4] (#cite_note-couttswoman-4) and Alexa Chung (/wiki/Alexa_Chung) . Bibliography [ edit ] Pattern . London: Conran Octopus. 2010. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-84091-553-2 . Home . London: Conran. 2013. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-84091-618-8 . See also [ edit ] List of people on the postage stamps of Ireland (/wiki/List_of_people_on_the_postage_stamps_of_Ireland) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Orla Kiely to close retail and online businesses" (https://www.rte.ie/news/business/2018/0919/994673-orla-kiely) . RTÉ (/wiki/RT%C3%89) . 19 September 2018 . Retrieved 7 February 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Jenkinson, Emily (2 September 2010). "Pattern by Orla Kiely" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180926052202/http://www.thegoodwebguide.co.uk/home-garden/interiors/book-reviews/design-inspiration/pattern-by-orla-kiely-book-review/12891) . thegoodwebguide.co.uk . Archived from the original (http://www.thegoodwebguide.co.uk/home-garden/interiors/book-reviews/design-inspiration/pattern-by-orla-kiely-book-review/12891) on 26 September 2018. ^ Jump up to: a b c Burt, Kate (22 October 2010). "Cutting-edge patterns: Kiely's unique designs have made her interiors label a massive global brand" (https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/house-and-home/interiors/cuttingedge-patterns-orla-kielys-unique-designs-have-made-her-interiors-label-a-massive-global-brand-2113265.html) . The Independent (/wiki/The_Independent) . Archived (https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220524/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/house-and-home/interiors/cuttingedge-patterns-orla-kielys-unique-designs-have-made-her-interiors-label-a-massive-global-brand-2113265.html) from the original on 24 May 2022 . Retrieved 7 February 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Walshe, Barbara. "Orla Kiely: The Irish Charm" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110221195333/http://www.couttswoman.com/2008/february/features/orla-kiely.asp) . couttswoman.com . Archived from the original (http://www.couttswoman.com/2008/february/features/orla-kiely.asp) on 21 February 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Emling, Shelley (5 June 2009). "A designer's gift for understatement" (https://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/06/business/global/06spot.html) . New York Times (/wiki/New_York_Times) . Retrieved 7 February 2022 . (subscription required) ^ (#cite_ref-RTE_6-0) "The Afternoon Show, RTÉ One" (https://web.archive.org/web/20090918073009/http://www.rte.ie/tv/theafternoonshow/2008/1110/guest649.html) . RTÉ News (/wiki/RT%C3%89_News_and_Current_Affairs) . 10 November 2008. Archived from the original (https://www.rte.ie/tv/theafternoonshow/2008/1110/guest649.html) on 18 September 2009 . Retrieved 30 November 2009 . ^ Jump up to: a b Abrahams, Charlotte (10 May 2009). "My Space" (https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2009/may/10/ola-kiely-designer) . The Guardian . Retrieved 7 February 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Hart, Carolyn (25 October 2010). "Food news: Hallowe'en cupcake decorations, Orla Kiely's kitchenware, and more..." (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/foodanddrink/8078978/Food-news-Halloween-cupcake-decorations-Orla-Kielys-kitchenware-and-more....html) The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) . Retrieved 7 February 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-citroen_9-0) Chapman, Matthew (14 January 2011). "Citroën brings in Orla Kiely for limited edition DS3 model" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110119231754/http://www.mad.co.uk/Main/News/Articlex/7f138d64c39c46d9918a47145b6ea2a7/Citro%C3%ABn-brings-in-Orla-Kiely-for-limited-edition-DS3-model.html) . mad.co.uk . Archived from the original (http://www.mad.co.uk/Main/News/Articlex/7f138d64c39c46d9918a47145b6ea2a7/Citro%C3%ABn-brings-in-Orla-Kiely-for-limited-edition-DS3-model.html) on 19 January 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-10) Shepard, Anna (12 September 2008). "Green living: can Orla Kiely wean us off bottled water?" (https://web.archive.org/web/20080917232559/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/environment/article4739263.ece) . The Times (/wiki/The_Times) . Archived from the original (http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/environment/article4739263.ece) on 17 September 2008. ^ Jump up to: a b De Rosa, Sophie (27 September 2010). "World of: Orla Kiely, designer" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG8020570/The-world-of-Orla-Kiely-designer.html) . The Daily Telegraph . Retrieved 7 February 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Magnificent Irish fashionista stamps" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140203001930/http://www.worldstampnews.com/2010/07/magnificent-irish-fashionista-stamps) . World Stamp News . 18 July 2010. Archived from the original (http://www.worldstampnews.com/2010/07/magnificent-irish-fashionista-stamps) on 3 February 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Wasilak, Sarah (28 October 2015). "Kate Middleton Wore This Exact Outfit 3 Years Ago, and It Still Looks Just as Good" (https://www.popsugar.com/fashion/Kate-Middleton-Wearing-Gray-Orla-Kiely-Dress-38895660) . PopSugar (/wiki/PopSugar) . Retrieved 7 February 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Hilliard, Mark (18 September 2018). "Orla Kiely closes retail and online businesses" (https://www.irishtimes.com/business/retail-and-services/orla-kiely-closes-retail-and-online-businesses-1.3633713) . The Irish Times (/wiki/The_Irish_Times) . Retrieved 7 February 2022 . 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Nail Polish Company The Sinful Colors logo Sinful Colors is an American nail polish (/wiki/Nail_polish) company owned by Revlon (/wiki/Revlon) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Background [ edit ] Sinful Colors was founded in 1991. [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) In March 2011, Mirage Cosmetics, the owners of Sinful Colors, was purchased by Revlon for 39 million dollars. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) In December 2013, Revlon announced it was exiting the Chinese cosmetic market, thus pulling Sinful Colors off the Chinese shelves. [6] (#cite_note-6) Organization [ edit ] The company's headquarters is located in Beltsville, Maryland (/wiki/Beltsville,_Maryland) . Products [ edit ] In 2016, Sinful Colors partnered with Kylie Jenner (/wiki/Kylie_Jenner) to launch a nail polish collection. [7] (#cite_note-7) In 2018, the brand partnered with Vanessa Hudgens (/wiki/Vanessa_Hudgens) to create a nail polish collection, and named her Global Color Collaborator of Sinful Colors. [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) In 2020, they came out a new product called the CLAWS. It is a Japanese beauty-inspired, limited-edition collection with press-on nails featuring Bebe Rexha (/wiki/Bebe_Rexha) ’s designs. [10] (#cite_note-10) They also came out with a sneaker-inspired collection with neon shades and a rubber-like matte finish. [11] (#cite_note-11) They are sold at Target (/wiki/Target_Corporation) . Another collection they have is called Sweet and Salty and is based on favorite foods such as tacos, cheese puffs, and donuts. [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) On June 16, 2022, its parent, Revlon, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy (/wiki/Chapter_11,_Title_11,_United_States_Code) . [14] (#cite_note-14) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Revlon Nail Polish Line To Lay Off 117 In Md" (http://baltimore.cbslocal.com/2012/10/05/revlon-nail-polish-line-to-lay-off-117-in-md/) . 5 October 2012 . Retrieved 2017-08-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "SinfulColors" (https://www.sinfulcolors.com/about-us/) . SinfulColors . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210414133245/https://www.sinfulcolors.com/about-us/) from the original on 2021-04-14 . Retrieved 2021-10-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Mirage Cosmetics, Inc. - Relationship Science" (https://relationshipscience.com/mirage-cosmetics-inc-o1089374) . Relationship Science . Retrieved 2017-08-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Revlon Acquires Mirage Cosmetics | Mergr" (https://mergr.com/revlon-acquires-mirage-cosmetics) . mergr.com . Retrieved 2017-08-19 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) PMC (2011-03-25). "Revlon Acquires Sinful Nail Brand" (http://wwd.com/wwd-publications/wwd/2011-03-25-2105941/) . WWD . Retrieved 2017-08-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Maria Ajit Thomas, Phil Wahba, Cosmetics maker Revlon to exit China (https://www.reuters.com/article/us-revlon-china-idUSBRE9BU0A620131231) , Reuters.com , 31 December 2013 ^ (#cite_ref-7) Amy Sciarretto, Is Kylie Jenner's New Sinful Colors Nail Polish Collection Different? There's A Big Change Coming (https://www.bustle.com/articles/150973-is-kylie-jenners-new-sinful-colors-nail-polish-collection-different-theres-a-big-change-coming) , Bustle.com , 30 March 2016 ^ (#cite_ref-8) Alex Warner, Vanessa Hudgens Just Launched an Insanely Cool Makeup Collection (https://www.marieclaire.com/beauty/a19757893/vanessa-hudgens-sinful-colors-makeup-collaboration/) , Marieclaire.com , 18 April 2018 ^ (#cite_ref-9) Allanah Dykes, Vanessa Hudgens Sinful Colors Festival Collection Is Everything But Sinful (https://www.elitedaily.com/p/vanessa-hudgens-sinful-colors-festival-collection-is-everything-but-sinful-8832980) , Elitedaily.com , 19 April 2018 ^ (#cite_ref-10) "CLAWS – SINFULCOLORS" (https://www.sinfulcolors.com/nail-polish/claws/) . Retrieved 2020-09-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "SPORTY BRIGHTS – SINFULCOLORS" (https://www.sinfulcolors.com/nail-polish/sporty-brights/) . Retrieved 2020-09-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "SWEET & SALTY – SINFULCOLORS" (https://www.sinfulcolors.com/nail-polish/sweet-salty/) . Retrieved 2020-09-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Shop Halal Nail Polish" (https://mersicosmetics.com/) . Retrieved 2021-06-29 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Cosmetics maker Revlon files for bankruptcy in US" (https://www.bbc.com/news/business-61835796) . BBC News . 2022-06-17 . Retrieved 2022-06-18 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.sinfulcolors.com/) v t e Cosmetics (/wiki/Cosmetics) Face Anti-aging cream (/wiki/Anti-aging_cream) BB cream (/wiki/BB_cream) Botulinum toxin (Botox) (/wiki/Botulinum_toxin) CC cream (/wiki/CC_cream) Concealer (/wiki/Concealer) Cotton pad (/wiki/Cotton_pad) Cleanser (/wiki/Cleanser) DD cream (/wiki/DD_cream) Facial (/wiki/Facial) Facial toning (/wiki/Facial_toning) Foundation (/wiki/Foundation_(cosmetics)) Highlighter (/wiki/Highlighter_(cosmetics)) Moist towelette (/wiki/Moist_towelette) Moisturizer (/wiki/Moisturizer) Permanent makeup (/wiki/Permanent_makeup) Primer (/wiki/Primer_(cosmetics)) Powder (/wiki/Face_powder) Rouge (/wiki/Rouge_(cosmetics)) Toner (/wiki/Toner_(skin_care)) Venetian ceruse (/wiki/Venetian_ceruse) Lips Lipstick (/wiki/Lipstick) Balm (/wiki/Lip_balm) Gloss (/wiki/Lip_gloss) Liner (/wiki/Lip_liner) Stain (/wiki/Lip_stain) Eyes Blepharoplasty (/wiki/Blepharoplasty) Circle contact lens (/wiki/Circle_contact_lens) Eyelash extensions (/wiki/Eyelash_extensions) Eyelid glue (/wiki/Eyelid_glue) Eye liner (/wiki/Eye_liner) Eye shadow (/wiki/Eye_shadow) Kohl (/wiki/Kohl_(cosmetics)) Mascara (/wiki/Mascara) Hair Conditioner (/wiki/Hair_conditioner) Hair coloring and bleaching (/wiki/Hair_coloring) Removal (/wiki/Hair_removal) chemical (/wiki/Chemical_depilatory) electric (/wiki/Electrology) laser (/wiki/Laser_hair_removal) IPL (/wiki/Intense_pulsed_light) plucking (/wiki/Plucking_(hair_removal)) shaving (/wiki/Shaving) threading (/wiki/Threading_(epilation)) waxing (/wiki/Waxing) Shampoo (/wiki/Shampoo) Sindoor (/wiki/Sindoor) Styling products (/wiki/Hairstyling_product) gel (/wiki/Hair_gel) mousse (/wiki/Hair_mousse) pomade (/wiki/Pomade) spray (/wiki/Hair_spray) wax (/wiki/Hair_wax) Nails Artificial nails (/wiki/Artificial_nails) Buffing (/wiki/Nail_buffing) Manicure (/wiki/Manicure) Nail polish (/wiki/Nail_polish) Pedicure (/wiki/Pedicure) Body Cold cream (/wiki/Cold_cream) Lotion (/wiki/Lotion) Peeling (/wiki/Exfoliation_(cosmetology)) Plastic surgery (/wiki/Plastic_surgery) Skin whitening (/wiki/Skin_whitening) Sunless tanning (/wiki/Sunless_tanning) Related Cosmetic electrotherapy (/wiki/Electrotherapy_(cosmetic)) Cosmetic ingredients (/wiki/Ingredients_of_cosmetics) Cosmetics advertising (/wiki/Cosmetics_advertising) Cosmetic packaging (/wiki/Cosmetic_packaging) Cosmetology (/wiki/Cosmetology) History of cosmetics (/wiki/History_of_cosmetics) Cosmetic industry (/wiki/Cosmetic_industry) Male cosmetics (/wiki/Male_cosmetics) Major cosmetic brands Ahava (/wiki/Ahava) Almay (/wiki/Almay) Amorepacific (/wiki/Amorepacific_Corporation) Anastasia Beverly Hills (/wiki/Anastasia_Beverly_Hills) Anna Sui (/wiki/Anna_Sui) Aqua Net (/wiki/Aqua_Net) Artistry (/wiki/Artistry_(cosmetics)) Aveda (/wiki/Aveda) Avon (/wiki/Avon_Products) Bath & Body Works (/wiki/Bath_%26_Body_Works) Benefit (/wiki/Benefit_Cosmetics) Biotherm (/wiki/Biotherm) Bite Beauty (/wiki/BITE_Beauty) Bobbi Brown (/wiki/Bobbi_Brown) Bonne Bell (/wiki/Bonne_Bell) Bumble and bumble (/wiki/Bumble_and_bumble) Burt's Bees (/wiki/Burt%27s_Bees) Carol's Daughter (/wiki/Carol%27s_Daughter) Clarins (/wiki/Clarins) Clinique (/wiki/Clinique) Coty (/wiki/Coty) ColourPop Cosmetics (/wiki/ColourPop_Cosmetics) CoverGirl (/wiki/CoverGirl) Creme 21 (/wiki/Creme_21) Cutex (/wiki/Cutex) Daigaku Honyaku Center (/wiki/Daigaku_Honyaku_Center) Dermacol (/wiki/Dermacol) Douglas (/wiki/Douglas_(cosmetics)) Elizabeth Arden, Inc. (/wiki/Elizabeth_Arden,_Inc.) Estée Lauder (/wiki/Est%C3%A9e_Lauder_Companies) elf (/wiki/Elf_(cosmetics)) Etude House (/wiki/Etude_House) Fabergé (/wiki/Faberg%C3%A9_(cosmetics)) Farmec (/wiki/Farmec) Fenty Beauty (/wiki/Fenty_Beauty) Fresh Garnier (/wiki/Garnier) Guerlain (/wiki/Guerlain) Hard Candy (/wiki/Hard_Candy_(cosmetics)) Helena Rubinstein (/wiki/Helena_Rubinstein) Jeffree Star Cosmetics (/wiki/Jeffree_Star_Cosmetics) Kao Corporation (/wiki/Kao_Corporation) Kevyn Aucoin (/wiki/Kevyn_Aucoin) Kiehl's (/wiki/Kiehl%27s) Kylie Cosmetics (/wiki/Kylie_Cosmetics) Lancôme (/wiki/Lanc%C3%B4me) Laneige (/wiki/Laneige) Laura Mercier Cosmetics (/wiki/Laura_Mercier_Cosmetics) Lise Watier (/wiki/Lise_Watier) L'Oréal (/wiki/L%27Or%C3%A9al) L'Occitane (/wiki/L%27Occitane_en_Provence) Love Cosmetics (/wiki/Love_Cosmetics) Lush (/wiki/Lush_(company)) MAC Cosmetics (/wiki/MAC_Cosmetics) Make Up For Ever (/wiki/Make_Up_For_Ever) Mary Kay (/wiki/Mary_Kay) Max Factor (/wiki/Max_Factor) Maybelline (/wiki/Maybelline) Merle Norman (/wiki/Merle_Norman_Cosmetics) Missha (/wiki/Missha) Molton Brown (/wiki/Molton_Brown) Morphe Cosmetics (/wiki/Morphe_Cosmetics) NARS (/wiki/NARS_Cosmetics) Natura (/wiki/Natura) Natural Wonder (/wiki/Natural_Wonder_(Revlon_subsidiary_brand)) Nature Republic (/wiki/Nature_Republic) Neal's Yard Remedies (/wiki/Neal%27s_Yard_Remedies) Neutrogena (/wiki/Neutrogena) Nexxus (/wiki/Nexxus) Nivea (/wiki/Nivea) NYX Cosmetics (/wiki/NYX_Cosmetics) O Boticário (/wiki/O_Botic%C3%A1rio) OPI (/wiki/OPI_Products) Oriflame (/wiki/Oriflame) Origins (/wiki/Origins_(cosmetics)) Paula Begoun (/wiki/Paula_Begoun) Pond's (/wiki/Pond%27s) Red Earth (/wiki/Red_Earth_(company)) Revlon (/wiki/Revlon) Richard Hudnut (/wiki/Richard_Hudnut) Rimmel (/wiki/Rimmel) Sephora (/wiki/Sephora) Shiseido (/wiki/Shiseido) Shu Uemura (/wiki/Shu_Uemura) SimplySiti (/wiki/SimplySiti) Sinful Colors SK-II (/wiki/SK-II) Skin Food (/wiki/Skin_Food) Stila (/wiki/Stila) Tarte Cosmetics (/wiki/Tarte_Cosmetics) The Body Shop (/wiki/The_Body_Shop) The Face Shop (/wiki/The_Face_Shop) Ulta Beauty (/wiki/Ulta_Beauty) Ultima II (/wiki/Ultima_II_(cosmetics_line)) Uoma Beauty (/wiki/Uoma_Beauty) Urban Decay (/wiki/Urban_Decay_(cosmetics)) Vaseline (/wiki/Vaseline) Victoria's Secret (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret) Wella (/wiki/Wella) Younique (/wiki/Younique) Yves Rocher (/wiki/Yves_Rocher_(company)) Categories Companies (/wiki/Category:Cosmetics_companies) People (/wiki/Category:Cosmetics_people) History (/wiki/Category:History_of_cosmetics) v t e Revlon (/wiki/Revlon) Inc. Current brands Revlon (/wiki/Revlon) Almay (/wiki/Almay) Charlie (/wiki/Charlie_(fragrance)) Elizabeth Arden (/wiki/Elizabeth_Arden,_Inc.) Institut Jeanne Gatineau (/wiki/Institut_Jeanne_Gatineau) Mitchum (/wiki/Mitchum) Sinful Colors Ultima II (/wiki/Ultima_II_(cosmetics_line)) Defunct brands Charles of the Ritz (/wiki/Charles_of_the_Ritz) Electric Youth (/wiki/Electric_Youth_(fragrance)) Natural Wonder (/wiki/Natural_Wonder_(Revlon_subsidiary_brand)) Former brands, under new ownership Clean & Clear (/wiki/Clean_%26_Clear) Esquire Shoe Polish (/wiki/Esquire_Shoe_Polish) Germaine Monteil (/wiki/Germaine_Monteil) Halston (/wiki/Halston) fragrances Max Factor (/wiki/Max_Factor) Princess Marcella Borghese (/wiki/Princess_Marcella_Borghese) This article about a fashion brand, house, corporation or company is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sinful_Colors&oldid=1168378246 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sinful_Colors&oldid=1168378246) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Nail polish (/wiki/Category:Nail_polish) Cosmetics companies of the United States (/wiki/Category:Cosmetics_companies_of_the_United_States) Revlon brands (/wiki/Category:Revlon_brands) Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2022 (/wiki/Category:Companies_that_filed_for_Chapter_11_bankruptcy_in_2022) Fashion company stubs (/wiki/Category:Fashion_company_stubs) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) 2000s portal (/wiki/Portal:2000s) This category is for fashion (/wiki/Fashion) in the year 2006 (/wiki/2006) . 2001 (/wiki/Category:2001_in_fashion) 2002 (/wiki/Category:2002_in_fashion) 2003 (/wiki/Category:2003_in_fashion) 2004 (/wiki/Category:2004_in_fashion) 2005 (/wiki/Category:2005_in_fashion) 2006 2007 (/wiki/Category:2007_in_fashion) 2008 (/wiki/Category:2008_in_fashion) 2009 (/wiki/Category:2009_in_fashion) 2010 (/wiki/Category:2010_in_fashion) 2011 (/wiki/Category:2011_in_fashion) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐bbb5c5448‐j8ttq Cached time: 20240718100845 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.134 seconds Real time usage: 0.192 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 161/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 4887/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 112/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 14/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 4114/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.085/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1355864/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 176.751 1 Template:YYYY_in_fashion_category_header 100.00% 176.751 1 -total 49.41% 87.327 1 Template:Category_series_navigation 38.00% 67.163 1 Template:Portal 9.32% 16.470 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 8.99% 15.896 1 Template:FindYDCportal 5.48% 9.690 1 Template:Category_other 5.01% 8.856 6 Template:Title_year 4.26% 7.527 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 1.30% 2.299 1 Template:DECADE Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:39096662-0!canonical and timestamp 20240718100845 and revision id 949562904. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "2006 in fashion" The following 10 pages are in this category, out of 10 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A ASBO Teen to Beauty Queen (/wiki/ASBO_Teen_to_Beauty_Queen) C Costume Designers Guild Awards 2006 (/wiki/Costume_Designers_Guild_Awards_2006) M Make Me a Supermodel (British TV series) (/wiki/Make_Me_a_Supermodel_(British_TV_series)) P Plum Vera Wang dress of Keira Knightley (/wiki/Plum_Vera_Wang_dress_of_Keira_Knightley) Project Catwalk series 1 (/wiki/Project_Catwalk_series_1) Project Runway season 2 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_2) Project Runway season 3 (/wiki/Project_Runway_season_3) S Saffron Vera Wang dress of Michelle Williams (/wiki/Saffron_Vera_Wang_dress_of_Michelle_Williams) T Trinny & Susannah Undress... (/wiki/Trinny_%26_Susannah_Undress...) V Victoria's Secret Fashion Show 2006 (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2006) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2006_in_fashion&oldid=949562904 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:2006_in_fashion&oldid=949562904) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 2006 (/wiki/Category:2006) 2000s fashion (/wiki/Category:2000s_fashion) Fashion by year (/wiki/Category:Fashion_by_year) Hidden categories: Category series navigation using skip-gaps parameter (/wiki/Category:Category_series_navigation_using_skip-gaps_parameter) Automatic category TOC generates no TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_no_TOC)
American fashion magazine This article relies excessively on references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) to primary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources) . Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources) . Find sources: "BASIC Magazine" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22BASIC+Magazine%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22BASIC+Magazine%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22BASIC+Magazine%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22BASIC+Magazine%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22BASIC+Magazine%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22BASIC+Magazine%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( April 2018 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) BASIC Magazine Editor-in-Chief Viktorija Pashuta (/w/index.php?title=Viktorija_Pashuta&action=edit&redlink=1) Categories Fashion and Lifestyle Magazine Frequency Quarterly Publisher BASIC Media Company LLC Founded 2016 First issue February 2016 Country USA Based in Beverly Hills, CA (/wiki/Beverly_Hills,_CA) Language English Website www (http://www.basic-magazine.com) .basic-magazine (http://www.basic-magazine.com) .com (http://www.basic-magazine.com) ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 2470-153X (https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:2470-153X) BASIC Magazine is a fashion magazine based in Beverly Hills, CA. [1] (#cite_note-1) It is a quarterly publication, founded by a fashion photographer and BASIC CEO & Editor-in-Chief Viktorija Pashuta in 2016. [2] (#cite_note-2) BASIC Magazine is published by BASIC Media Company LLC and distributed Internationally. [3] (#cite_note-3) BASIC Magazine is a registered trademark. [4] (#cite_note-4) According to BASIC Magazine it "is a first class visual and editorial publication that features carefully curated content with a strong independent voice." BASIC Magazine is published quarterly with pages being inspired by artists, visuals masterpieces and themes that set the tone of the issue. Different sections are included in the a magazine, ranging from latest trends to fashion and art work to projects and inspirational role models. [5] (#cite_note-5) History [ edit ] BASIC Magazine first print edition was released in February 2016. Its viral project Women Superheroes was highlighted on Ads of the World (/w/index.php?title=Ads_of_the_World&action=edit&redlink=1) website. [6] (#cite_note-6) Issues [ edit ] BASIC 1: BASIC Instinct - Cover I Kat Graham (/wiki/Kat_Graham) and Cover II Josh Mario John (/w/index.php?title=Josh_Mario_John&action=edit&redlink=1) BASIC 2: BASIC Power - Cover I Jess Glynne (/wiki/Jess_Glynne) and Cover II Geisha (/wiki/Geisha) by Thom Kerr (/w/index.php?title=Thom_Kerr&action=edit&redlink=1) BASIC 3: BASIC Generation - Cover I Benny Harlem (/w/index.php?title=Benny_Harlem&action=edit&redlink=1) and Cover II Olive BASIC 4: BASIC Magic- Cover I Dita Von Teese (/wiki/Dita_Von_Teese) and Cover II Fashion Illustration by Alyona Lavdovskaya (/w/index.php?title=Alyona_Lavdovskaya&action=edit&redlink=1) BASIC 5: BASIC Vibez - Cover I Pia Mia (/wiki/Pia_Mia) and Cover II Dollz BASIC 6: BASIC Rebel - Cover I Shiva Safai (/wiki/Shiva_Safai) and Cover II Women Superheroes BASIC 7: BASIC Present. Past. Future. - Cover I David Guetta (/wiki/David_Guetta) and Cover II Art Cover BASIC 8: BASIC Voyage - Cover I Michelle Rodriguez (/wiki/Michelle_Rodriguez) and Cover II Sofia Boutella (/wiki/Sofia_Boutella) BASIC 9: BASIC Saga - Cover I Tyga (/wiki/Tyga) and Cover II Art Cover Picasso (/wiki/Picasso) BASIC 10:BASIC Spectacle - Cover I Steve Aoki (/wiki/Steve_Aoki) Cover II Isla Fisher (/wiki/Isla_Fisher) Cover III Zara Larsson (/wiki/Zara_Larsson) Cover IV Cirque Du Soleil (/wiki/Cirque_Du_Soleil) BASIC 11: BASIC IDENTITY- Cover I Chloe Flower (/wiki/Chloe_Flower) Cover II Madison Beer (/wiki/Madison_Beer) Cover III Ego-Fashion (/w/index.php?title=Ego-Fashion&action=edit&redlink=1) Cover IIII Alpha Female (/wiki/Alpha_Female) BASIC 12: BASIC Metamorphosis - Cover I Karol G (/wiki/Karol_G) Cover II Metamorphosis (/wiki/Metamorphosis) BASIC 13: BASIC Code - Cover I Alison Brie (/wiki/Alison_Brie) Cover II Fashion Zeitgeist of 2020 BASIC 14: BASIC Muse - Cover I H.E.R. (/wiki/H.E.R.) Cover II Back to the Future Art Cover BASIC 15: BASIC Paradox - Cover I Michele Morrone (/wiki/Michele_Morrone) Cover II Rene Gruau (/wiki/Rene_Gruau) Cover III Circus (/wiki/Circus) Cover IIII Keke Palmer (/wiki/Keke_Palmer) BASIC 16: BASIC Rebirth - Cover I Bebe Rexha (/wiki/Bebe_Rexha) BASIC 17: BASIC Stamina - Cover I Megan Fox (/wiki/Megan_Fox) Cover II Salt Bae (/wiki/Salt_Bae) BASIC 18: BASIC Vendetta - Cover I Ava Max (/wiki/Ava_Max) Cover II Nicole Sherzinger (/wiki/Nicole_Sherzinger) Cover III Lele Pons (/wiki/Lele_Pons) BASIC 19: BASIC Evolution - Cover I Avril Lavigne (/wiki/Avril_Lavigne) BASIC 20: BASIC Influence- Cover I Hannah Stocking (/wiki/Hannah_Stocking) Cover II Viktorija Pashuta (/w/index.php?title=Viktorija_Pashuta&action=edit&redlink=1) Cover III Jackson Chong (/w/index.php?title=Jackson_Chong&action=edit&redlink=1) BASIC 21: BASIC Stardom - Cover I Lay Zhang (/wiki/Lay_Zhang) Cover II Charly Jordan (/w/index.php?title=Charly_Jordan&action=edit&redlink=1) BASIC 22: BASIC Dominion - Cover I Ozuna (/wiki/Ozuna) BASIC 23: BASIC Libido - Cover I David Lachapelle (/wiki/David_Lachapelle) See also [ edit ] Fashion in the United States References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "About Basic | BASIC Magazine" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180403053134/http://basic-magazine.com/8198-2/) . Archived from the original (http://basic-magazine.com/8198-2/) on April 3, 2018 . Retrieved April 2, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Contact us" (http://basic-magazine.com/contact-us/) . BASIC Magazine . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Media Kit April 2018 (http://basic-magazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/basic-magazine-mediakit_2018PR.pdf) ^ (#cite_ref-4) "BASIC MAGAZINE Trademark of Gohill, Viktorija - Registration Number 5079346 - Serial Number 86753250" (http://trademarks.justia.com/867/53/basic-86753250.html) . Justia Trademarks . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "About BASIC Magazine" (http://basic-magazine.com/about-basic-magazine/) . BASIC Magazine . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Ads of the World. Webby Honorees (https://www.adsoftheworld.com/?terms=basic%20magazine&created=all&country=All&medium=All&industry=All) External links [ edit ] Official website (http://basic-magazine.com) This women's magazine–related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=BASIC_Magazine&action=edit) . See tips for writing articles about magazines (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Magazines/Writing_guide) . 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American fashion design house This article is about the brand created by Kate Spade. For the designer herself, see Kate Spade (/wiki/Kate_Spade) . Kate Spade New York Kate Spade store on Regent Street (/wiki/Regent_Street) Company type Subsidiary (/wiki/Subsidiary) Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion#Fashion_industry) Founded January 1993 ; 31 years ago ( 1993-01 ) in Kansas City, MO (/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri) , U.S. Founders Andy Spade (/wiki/Andy_Spade) Kate Spade (/wiki/Kate_Spade) Headquarters New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) , U.S. Products Handbags ready-to-wear accessories Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) Tapestry, Inc. (/wiki/Tapestry,_Inc.) Website katespade (http://katespade.com) .com (http://katespade.com) Kate Spade New York is an American (/wiki/Culture_of_the_United_States) fashion house founded in January 1993 by Kate (/wiki/Kate_Spade) and Andy Spade (/wiki/Andy_Spade) . [1] (#cite_note-1) In 2017, the company was purchased by Tapestry, Inc. (/wiki/Tapestry,_Inc.) , formerly known as Coach, Inc. (/wiki/Coach_New_York) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) Business history [ edit ] Store on Madison Avenue (/wiki/Madison_Avenue) Temporary shop in New York Prior to company creation [ edit ] Katherine Noel Brosnahan (later known as Kate Spade (/wiki/Kate_Spade) ) was born on December 24, 1962, in Kansas City, Missouri (/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri) . She grew up in Kansas City and went to an all-girls Catholic high school. Eventually she moved to Arizona, where she attended Arizona State University (/wiki/Arizona_State_University) and graduated in 1985. [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) It is there that she met her future husband, Andy Spade (/wiki/Andy_Spade) . Katherine majored in journalism, while Andy majored in architecture. In 1986, after completing their education, the couple moved to New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . [5] (#cite_note-5) It was in New York that Katherine worked as a style editor for Mademoiselle (/wiki/Mademoiselle_(magazine)) , but left in 1991 (with the title of senior editor/head of accessories) to start her own handbag line. [6] (#cite_note-6) To get inspiration, Kate browsed local flea markets and secondhand stores. She also researched the styles, fabrics, and potential production costs of making her own handbags. The team slowly worked their way up the social ladder until they were able to create a company that would be noticed by the public. Early stages [ edit ] Kate Spade New York was founded in 1993 by Katherine Noel Brosnahan and her husband/business partner Andy Spade. Kate Spade New York started after a suggestion from Andy when Katherine was unsure about her next career move after working six years at Mademoiselle . [7] (#cite_note-7) Originally, the business started out with the Sam handbag. [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) Eventually, Andy withdrew $35,000 from his 401K (/wiki/401K) account to fund the production of Katherine’s handbags. Her debut line infused classic shapes, colors, and fabrics into a now iconic [ citation needed ] square bag with a small black label sewn to the outside of the bag that said “Kate Spade New York.” Her main target market at this time was the upper middle class (/wiki/Upper_middle_class) . In 1996, Spade's company opened its first shop in New York City's SoHo (/wiki/SoHo) neighborhood. Kate Spade rose in eight months after a journalist at Cleveland Research Co. recommended buying the shares because of the brand’s growth potential. [8] (#cite_note-:1-8) After 1998 the company began to expand, with sales totaling $27 million. In 1999, Neiman Marcus (/wiki/Neiman_Marcus) Group paid $34 million for a 56% stake of the company. [9] (#cite_note-9) In 2006 when Neiman Marcus Group acquired the remaining 44% stake in Kate Spade for $59.4 M, revenue was reportedly near $99 million. [10] (#cite_note-10) This acquisition valued the company at $134 million. [11] (#cite_note-11) Later stages [ edit ] In 2004, Kate Spade operated only 13 stores in the United States, and did not ship out of the country (Cohen 198). The company initially sold handbags, but eventually extended to include stationery, personal organizers, address books, shoes, beauty products, perfume, raincoats, pajamas, eyewear, and clothing. It now has a full women's clothing line. The business’ clothing and handbag lines are featured in retail stores all across the United States. Products are easily and continuously shipped around the world. By 2004, Kate Spade & Co. was worth $70 million, not including the complementary company Jack Spade. [12] (#cite_note-12) Kate Spade has over 180 stores around the world, and is sold in more than 400 stores worldwide (Cohen 198). Kate and Andy went from taking “the nothing black bag” to a creative personalized purse, to later creating merchandise from the simple tote to home decor and bedding. In November 2006, apparel giant Liz Claiborne Inc. (/wiki/Kate_Spade_%26_Company) bought Kate Spade for $124 million from Neiman Marcus Group. [13] (#cite_note-13) Andy Spade was initially in charge of company operations, but, in 2007 after the sale of the company, operational control was turned over to Liz Claiborne. Kate Spade expanded their retail stores to include Kate Spade New York Outlets. The brand has over 47 outlet locations across the United States. [14] (#cite_note-14) The outlets offer Kate Spade New York handbags, clothing, jewelry, and accessories at a discounted price. Kate Spade New York Products are also sold in major department stores including Nordstrom (/wiki/Nordstrom) , Macy's (/wiki/Macy%27s) , and Dillard's (/wiki/Dillard%27s) . Kate Spade New York handbags, clothing, jewelry, accessories, and home products can be found in these major department stores. Kate Spade Home products are also sold at Bed, Bath and Beyond (/wiki/Bed_Bath_%26_Beyond_Inc.) . As of January 2017, Kate Spade New York also debuted an exclusive collection with Williams Sonoma (/wiki/Williams_Sonoma_(brand)) , including dinnerware, glassware, and flatware. [15] (#cite_note-15) Tapestry, Inc. (/wiki/Tapestry,_Inc.) purchased Kate Spade & Company (/wiki/Kate_Spade_%26_Company) in July 2017 for $2.4 billion. [16] (#cite_note-16) In June 2018, following the death of Kate Spade (/wiki/Kate_Spade) by suicide, [17] (#cite_note-17) Tapestry, Inc. (/wiki/Tapestry,_Inc.) announced a plan to donate $1 million towards mental health (/wiki/Mental_health) awareness, starting with a $250,000 donation to Crisis Text Line (/wiki/Crisis_Text_Line) . [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) Company [ edit ] Merchandise [ edit ] A pink bag from Kate Spade New York; long strap hidden behind bag. Application of the Kate Spade New York logo. Kate Spade's first handbag was sold in January 1993. [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) Shortly after the initial products were released, new collections came out containing glasses, jewelry, and other small accessories (winter 36). In 2007, "kate spade at home" was launched as a home collection brand. It features bedding, bath items, china, and various items for the home and wallpaper. In April 2013, Kate Spade New York launched a new fragrance called Live Colorfully. Previous perfumes of the house include Kate Spade from 2003 and Twirl from 2010. Live Colorfully is a fragrance made in-house that marks the 20th anniversary of the brand. Each of Spade's products sold are packaged, and each one has a card that gives a description of Kate and Andy's journey to the top. [8] (#cite_note-:1-8) Kate Spade New York competes with Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors_(brand)) . Jack Spade [ edit ] Jack Spade was the complement to the Kate Spade brand for men. The brand operated as an independent business with its own visual identity, website, e-commerce platform and physical stores. For most of its twenty-three year run, Jack Spade was a line of furnishings for men. Jack Spade's product range included a full suite of furnishings for men best known for its bags, but also producing small leather goods (such as wallets, passport holders, coin purses, and phone cases), apparel (including all types of menswear), watches, and technology items. [ citation needed ] The retail stores in the US, UK, and Japan were designed by Steven Sclaroff (/wiki/Steven_Sclaroff) , [21] (#cite_note-21) evoking "modern masculinity". [22] (#cite_note-22) Bags for men [ edit ] Jack Spade bags catered to men. Jack Spade bags are immediately identifiable by the brand label (or heat-embossed stamp) always placed in a corner of the bag. Original Jack Spade bags featured black cloth labels embroidered with "Jack Spade, Warren Street, New York" sewn onto a corner of a flap or panel. Newer bags feature "Jack Spade" heat-embossed or "Jack Spade, New York" on a cloth or leather patch. All Jack Spade bags include a cloth identification patch on the inside of the bag for the owner to fill out. [ citation needed ] All Jack Spade bags were named by series. For example, one of the brand's staple items was the Wayne duffel, reinvented season after season in new materials. Messenger bags [ edit ] Jack Spade was known [ citation needed ] for its many series of messenger bags. Often designed as a single-compartment leather bag, secured with a flap closure and two snaps. Duffel bags [ edit ] Jack Spade's series of duffel bags for men are one of the most recognizable bags from the brand. Series such as "Wayne" and "Nolan" were constant staples in the brand's collections. The Wayne duffel came in a variety of materials, mostly leather, nylon, and canvas; and included a roomy interior, four metal feet, and a detachable shoulder strap. [ citation needed ] Coal bags [ edit ] Jack Spade took inspiration from bags engineers used to carry coal in the 1920s and fashioned large tote bags for men out of a heavy duty industrial canvas. Over the years, these coal bags were updated and redesigned with design elements such as pops of color (or "dipped" color in Jack Spade vernacular), and remade in leather, suede, canvas, and nylon. [ citation needed ] A special edition 20th Anniversary Coal Bag was designed in aged industrial canvas with "JACK" running down the right side of the front of the bag. These were available in both an aged blue canvas with white outline and a beige canvas with orange outline. Wind down of Jack Spade [ edit ] All the Jack Spade stores were permanently closed in January 2015 [23] (#cite_note-23) following Kate Spade's acquisition by Tapestry (formerly the Coach Group) along with Kate Spade Saturday. This closure of brick and mortar locations prompted the transition away from "Jack Spade, Warren Street, New York" on the brands' iconic labels to simply, "Jack Spade" or "Jack Spade, New York". Notable locations included the Los Angeles boutique on Abbot Kinney (/wiki/Abbot_Kinney_Boulevard) in Venice, California, and the flagship boutique on Warren Street in New York City. Jack Spade's separate and dedicated e-commerce platform went away in mid-2017, becoming a sixteen-item section titled “Gifts for him” on the Kate Spade website. A full product line with staples such as the Coal Bag, backpacks, wallets, small leather goods, and apparel was carried on Amazon (/wiki/Amazon_(company)) throughout 2017, but as of June 2018, Amazon appears to not be restocking inventory, discounting items and allowing them to permanently sell out. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Halzack, Sarah (May 7, 2015). "Kate Spade has invaded your closet. Now it's determined not to be a flash in the pan" (https://washingtonpost.com/news/business/wp/2015/05/07/kate-spade-has-invaded-your-closet-now-its-determined-not-to-be-a-flash-in-the-pan) . Washington Post (/wiki/Washington_Post) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Gensler, Lauren (May 8, 2017). "Coach Is Buying Kate Spade For $2.4 Billion" (https://forbes.com/sites/laurengensler/2017/05/08/coach-acquires-kate-spade-for-2-4-billion/#76e2e64336db) . Forbes . Retrieved May 19, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Monica, Paul R. La (October 11, 2017). "Coach changes corporate name to...Tapestry?" (https://money.cnn.com/2017/10/11/investing/coach-tapestry-name-change/index.html) . CNN Money . Retrieved December 27, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Who Is Kate Spade?". Ophthalmology Times . No. 29. 2004. ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Transcript: Profile of Kate Spade" (http://cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0211/09/pin.00.html) . CNN . November 9, 2002 . Retrieved June 19, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Kate Spade" (https://biography.com/people/kate-spade-214145) . Biography.com . Retrieved June 19, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Spragins, Ellyn; Spade, Kate; Spade, Andy (September 1, 2003). "How We Bagged Our Careers, Pursued Our Passion For Fashion, And Turned A Simple Purse Into A Symbol Of Style And A Burgeoning Empire" (https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fsb/fsb_archive/2003/09/01/350794/) . CNN Money . Retrieved June 19, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b Jacobs, Alexandra (May 29, 2013). "Having Fun Is Hard Work". The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Palmeri, Christopher (May 3, 1999). "Retailer's revenge" (https://forbes.com/forbes/1999/0503/6309062a.html) . Forbes . Retrieved July 12, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Lieber, Chavie (March 2, 2016). "Kate Spade's Shiny, Sparkly Success Story" (https://racked.com/2016/3/2/11140414/kate-spade-brand-bags) . Racked . Retrieved July 12, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "The Neiman Marcus Group, Inc. acquires the remaining stake in Kate Spade LLC" (https://web.archive.org/web/20210120232450/https://www.privco.com/mergers-acquisitions/the-neiman-marcus-group-inc-acquires-kate-spade-llc-november-2006) . PrivCo.com . Archived from the original (http://privco.com/mergers-acquisitions/the-neiman-marcus-group-inc-acquires-kate-spade-llc-november-2006) on January 20, 2021 . Retrieved July 12, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Winters, Rebecca (February 9, 2004). "Women in Fashion: Kate Spade" (http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2015519_2015510_2015474,00.html) . TIME . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0040-781X (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X) . Retrieved July 12, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) O'Connell, Vanessa; Agins, Teri (November 8, 2006). "Neiman Marcus to Sell Kate Spade" (https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB116296058737816815) . Wall Street Journal . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Kate Spade Outlet Near Me - Hours and Locations" (https://www.outletsheet.com/brand/kate-spade-new-york-outlet.html) . OutletSheet.com . Retrieved February 5, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Williams Sonoma Debuts Exclusive Tabletop Collaboration With Kate Spade New York" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170205101411/http://ir.williams-sonomainc.com/press-release/corporate-and-brand-announcements/williams-sonoma-debuts-exclusive-tabletop-collaborat) . Williams-Sonoma, Inc. Investor Relations . Archived from the original (http://ir.williams-sonomainc.com/press-release/corporate-and-brand-announcements/williams-sonoma-debuts-exclusive-tabletop-collaborat) on February 5, 2017 . Retrieved February 5, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Wong, Stephanie Hoi-Nga (August 15, 2017). "Coach Sinks After Kate Spade Acquisition Weighs on Forecast" (https://bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-08-15/coach-declines-after-kate-spade-acquisition-weighs-on-forecast) . Bloomberg.com . Retrieved December 27, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Bromwich, Jonah Engel; Friedman, Vanessa; Schneier, Matthew (June 5, 2018). "Kate Spade, Whose Handbags Carried Women Into Adulthood, Is Dead at 55" (https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/05/fashion/kate-spade-dead.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved June 5, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Hanbury, Mary (June 20, 2018). "The Kate Spade brand is donating $1 million to mental health organizations" (https://www.businessinsider.nl/kate-spade-brand-donates-1-million-to-mental-health-organizations-2018-6/) . Business Insider . Retrieved June 21, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) McDonald, Samantha (June 20, 2018). "Kate Spade New York Donates $1 Million to Mental Health Awareness Organizations" (https://footwearnews.com/2018/focus/designers/kate-spade-new-york-donation-mental-health-awareness-groups-1202576746/) . Footwear News . Retrieved June 21, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Lou, Michelle (June 20, 2018). "Kate Spade Clothing Brand Pledges $1 Million To Suicide Prevention Groups" (https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/kate-spade-brand-pledges-1-million-suicide-prevention_us_5b2a6999e4b0f0b9e9a786fc) . Huffington Post . Retrieved June 21, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Architecture and interior design by Steven Sclaroff: Jack Spade Stores" (http://stevensclaroff.com/portfolio/commercial/jack-spade/) . Steven Sclaroff . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Murnighan, Jack (/wiki/Jack_Murnighan) . "Emotional Baggage". Interiors . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Jack Spade on Oak Street is closing" (http://chicagobusiness.com/article/20150129/NEWS07/150129761/jack-spade-on-oak-street-is-closing) . Crain's Chicago Business (/wiki/Crain%27s_Chicago_Business) . January 29, 2015. 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American folk artist and fashion designer Jerry Gretzinger (born 1942 [1] (#cite_note-1) ) is an American folk artist (/wiki/Outsider_art) and fashion designer. He is best known for his map of an invented landscape known simply as "Jerry's map". Gretzinger has been working on his map for over 60 years; it has grown to include over 3,000 unique panels, and is constantly evolving. [2] (#cite_note-2) Jerry's map has been shown at numerous international museums including the Palais de Tokyo (/wiki/Palais_de_Tokyo) , MASS MoCA (/wiki/Massachusetts_Museum_of_Contemporary_Art) , and the American Folk Art Museum (/wiki/American_Folk_Art_Museum) . [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) Early life [ edit ] Gretzinger was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan (/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Michigan) . Gretzinger was a bright student who excelled at school which would earn him a National Merit Scholarship (/wiki/National_Merit_Scholarship_Program) . Throughout childhood, Gretzinger never became involved in organized sports or other extracurricular activities and, "the truth was that I never felt like I belonged." He collected oil company maps and would pour over his maps and the family's encyclopedia. [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) These allowed him to imagine a world beyond his horizon. Early career [ edit ] Gretzinger attended the University of Michigan (/wiki/University_of_Michigan) in Ann Arbor, Michigan (/wiki/Ann_Arbor,_Michigan) where he enrolled in the College of Architecture & Design. While living in Ann Arbor following his sophomore year, he was working at a ball bearing factory. During breaks in his work, Gretzinger began to sketch a map on a sheet of paper and when his drawing reached the edge of the page he continued onto the next sheet. These were the first panels of what would become "Jerry's Map". [5] (#cite_note-5) Gretzinger transferred to the University of California (/wiki/University_of_California) , Berkeley, where he continued his studies. During his first fall in San Francisco, Gretzinger applied and was accepted into the Peace Corps (/wiki/Peace_Corps) . In 1964, he completed training and moved to Tunisia (/wiki/Tunisia) for his service. In 1966, Gretzinger completed his studies at the University of Michigan and that year he returned to Tunisia to be an architect and project manager working on an archeological project The Corpus of the Ancient Mosaics of Tunisia . [6] (#cite_note-nice-6) Personal life [ edit ] Gretzinger married in 1965. Nelle, his daughter was born in 1966. Three years later, in 1969, they were joined by their son, Aaron. In 1971 Gretzinger separated from his wife. In 1980 he married Meg Staley and in 1983 they welcomed their first son together, Hank, and in 1986 their second son, Lucky. Career [ edit ] Gretzinger left North Africa to move to New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) in 1971 where he set himself to start a new career. He says, "I knew that I wanted to make things, make a living from what I made, and that's what I devoted myself to." [4] (#cite_note-:1-4) He organized a textiles show of imported Tunisian and Moroccan rugs and began a small business selling pillows and bags he had been making. Partnering with the SoHo Designer's Collective, he began to design a line of experimental clothing. Together with his second wife Meg Staley, Gretzinger launched Staley/Gretzinger which expanded his clothing line with Meg's commercial and printmaking experience. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s the company grew to be a commercial success. In the years following his move to New York, Gretzinger continued working on his map and it grew in size and complexity; as the business grew and his responsibilities increased, he put the map into retirement to devote himself to the business. Gretzinger moved to Cold Spring, New York (/wiki/Cold_Spring,_New_York) and acquired a farm in Maple City, Michigan (/wiki/Maple_City,_Michigan) . [7] (#cite_note-vimeo-7) Rediscovery of map to present [ edit ] In 2003, Gretzinger's son Hank discovered the map which had been archived in their Cold Spring attic and very soon Gretzinger began work on the map again in earnest. In 2009, he had his first show of the map at the Garrison Art Center in Cold Spring with an accompanying video documentary produced by independent filmmaker Greg Whitmore. [7] (#cite_note-vimeo-7) The video was featured as an Editor's Choice on Vimeo (/wiki/Vimeo) and shortly after, he was invited to exhibit the entirety of the map and a reproduction of his studio at MASS MoCA (/wiki/Massachusetts_Museum_of_Contemporary_Art) . Since then, his map has been featured in numerous publications and solo and group exhibition. Gretzinger's work on the map has grown increasingly abstract incorporating new elements of erasure and collage. Looking towards the future of the map, he sees himself working on the map for as long as he can and is actively looking for museums and collectors to serve as permanent homes for the map. [8] (#cite_note-8) Selected exhibitions [ edit ] Gretzinger's work has been included in group (G) and solo (S) exhibitions around the world. [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) 2019 York College of Pennsylvania Galleries (S) 2019 Intuit, Chicago (S) 2018 American Folk Art Museum (/wiki/American_Folk_Art_Museum) , New York (G) 2017 Edna Carlsten Art Gallery, UWSP | Terrain/Territories: Dreams of Place | (G) 2016 Aichi Triennale, Nagoya, Japan | Rainbow Caravan | (G) 2016 UICA, Grand Rapids, MI | Coming Home | (G) 2015 Thomas Cole National Historic Site (/wiki/Thomas_Cole_House) , Catskill, NY | River Crossings | (G) 2015 Palais de Tokyo (/wiki/Palais_de_Tokyo) , Paris, France | Le Borde Des Mondes | (G) 2013/4 Summerhall (/wiki/Summerhall) , Edinburgh, Scotland, UK | Summerhall | (S) 2013/4 Brattleboro Museum and Art Center (/wiki/Brattleboro_Museum_and_Art_Center) , Brattleboro, Vermont | BMAC | (S) 2013 ArtPrize (/wiki/ArtPrize) , Women's City Club, Grand Rapids, Michigan (G) 2012 MASSMoCA (/wiki/Massachusetts_Museum_of_Contemporary_Art) , North Adams, Massachusetts | Press Release | (S) 2009 ArtPrize (/wiki/ArtPrize) , Urban Institute for Contemporary Art, Grand Rapids, Michigan (G) 2009 Garrison Art Center, Garrison, New York (S) 2004 City/Space, Oakland, California (G) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Gallery Talk with Artist Jerry Gretzinger" (https://www.art.org/gallery-talk-with-artist-jerry-gretzinger/) . Intuit . October 19, 2019 . Retrieved May 11, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Baldegg, Kasia Cieplak-Mayr von (28 September 2011). "The Mysterious Life of Jerry's Map - The Atlantic" (https://www.theatlantic.com/video/index/245858/the-mysterious-life-of-jerrys-map/) . www.theatlantic.com . Retrieved 2019-12-22 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Museums & Publications" (http://www.jerrysmap.com/museums-publications) . Jerry's Map . Retrieved 2019-12-22 . ^ Jump up to: a b Barbesgaard, Andreas (August 3, 2018). "The Story Podcast: #9 - Jerry Gretzinger" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5ZthLRfCsMA) . Youtube . Retrieved December 22, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Mason, Betsy (2013-09-04). "This Man Has Spent 30 Years Mapping the Imaginary Land of Ukrania" (https://www.wired.com/2013/09/jerry-gretzinger-map-ukrania/) . Wired . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1059-1028 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1059-1028) . Retrieved 2019-12-22 . ^ (#cite_ref-nice_6-0) "Art: Jerry Gretzinger has spent 50 years creating a map of an alternate world" (https://www.itsnicethat.com/articles/jerrys-map) . It's Nice That . 2013-08-27 . Retrieved 2019-12-22 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Jerry's Map" (https://vimeo.com/13596774) . Vimeo . Retrieved 2019-12-22 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Lee, Lin Sing. "Worlds & World-building" (https://calendar.mit.edu/event/worlds_world-building#.XgAA4S2ZOL5) . MIT Events . Retrieved 2019-12-22 . External links [ edit ] Jerry's map (http://www.jerrysmap.com) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐578686dc79‐j2qqb Cached time: 20240722144843 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.234 seconds Real time usage: 0.397 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 577/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 12475/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 546/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 29570/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.150/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4177446/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 329.116 1 -total 57.97% 190.790 1 Template:Reflist 47.91% 157.695 7 Template:Cite_web 40.10% 131.980 1 Template:Short_description 29.67% 97.641 2 Template:Pagetype 5.89% 19.382 3 Template:Main_other 5.10% 16.779 1 Template:SDcat 2.53% 8.336 1 Template:Cite_magazine 0.79% 2.602 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:62644633-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722144843 and revision id 1226732384. 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American TV series or program States of Undress Genre Documentary Directed by Jack Newman, Jessica Kelly Starring Hailey Gates (/wiki/Hailey_Gates) Country of origin United States Original language English No. of seasons 2 Production Executive producers Charlet Duboc (/wiki/Charlet_Duboc) , Al Brown Cinematography Jack Newman, Niall Kenny, Henry Lockyer, Benjie Croce Camera setup Multi-camera Running time 44 minutes Original release Network Viceland (/wiki/Viceland) Release March 30, 2016 ( 2016-03-30 ) States of Undress is a show on Viceland (/wiki/Viceland) television hosted by actress and model Hailey Gates (/wiki/Hailey_Gates) , [1] (#cite_note-1) exploring the fashion scenes in various countries, at the same time offering an insight into the culture, history and politics of the country. [2] (#cite_note-2) Episodes [ edit ] No. Title Original air date 1.1 "Pakistan" March 30, 2016 ( 2016-03-30 ) Hailey Gates heads to Pakistan for Karachi Fashion Week. There she finds sanctuary from forces on the outside who are looking to eradicate the progressive culture that the event represents. 1.2 "Congo" April 6, 2016 ( 2016-04-06 ) The capitol city of Kinshasa in the Congo is a fashionable place and a runway for its citizens. Fashion can serve as either a means for progress or a distraction from social tensions within the country. 1.3 "Venezuela" April 13, 2016 ( 2016-04-13 ) Hailey discovers beauty is a popular and dangerous pursuit in Venezuela, a country with a history of violence and protest. 1.4 "Russia" April 27, 2016 ( 2016-04-27 ) In Russia, buying a fur coat is almost a rite of passage; despite the sanctions on western fashion the demand for luxury clothing continues to grow in the region. 1.5 "Palestine" May 4, 2016 ( 2016-05-04 ) Fashion week offers Palestinians some freedom of self-expression, Hailey explores how a country seeking sovereignty defines itself through culture. 1.6 "China" May 11, 2016 ( 2016-05-11 ) Hailey explores the massive manufacturing industry in China, which is servicing the world and shifting into greater focus on design. 2.1 "Packing Heat in Heels" June 6, 2017 ( 2017-06-06 ) Women are becoming the largest group of gun owners and regular carriers in the US. Hailey goes shooting with a grandma, and attends a concealed-carry fashion show in Ohio. 2.2 "Clothing and Corruption in Liberia" June 13, 2017 ( 2017-06-13 ) Hailey explores the world of Americo-Liberians who try to shake Liberia out of a cultural standstill by hosting a revolutionary event, Fashion Week Liberia. 2.3 "Beyond the Burkini in France" June 20, 2017 ( 2017-06-20 ) Hailey heads to France to explore the rise in Islamophobia and how it's impacting how Muslim women dress and style their clothing. 2.4 "Thai Transgender Beauty Pageant" June 27, 2017 ( 2017-06-27 ) Hailey journeys to Thailand to examine the impact of transgender models and how they are redefining fashion and speaking to a new generation. She questions if runway representation leads to social progress. 2.5 "Cholita Fashion in Bolivia" July 11, 2017 ( 2017-07-11 ) Hailey explores the identity politics driving Bolivia through their clothing trade. She looks at rise of the indigenous cholita class. 2.6 "Couture and Conflict in Lebanon" July 18, 2017 ( 2017-07-18 ) Hailey travels to Beirut to see the world renowned fashion in Lebanon being revolutionised by Syrian refugees, as the country is known for their talented designers and glamorous gowns. 2.7 "Urban Tribes of Mexico City" July 25, 2017 ( 2017-07-25 ) In Mexico City, familiar subcultures, such as punk and emo, transform into warring urban tribes and Hailey goes to all corners of the city to find out why these unique identities have taken hold. 2.8 "Communism, Cam Girls and Kidnapping" August 1, 2017 ( 2017-08-01 ) Hailey travels to Romania, in the midst of the largest protests since the fall of communism, to find out what it's like to be the first generation of women raised in the EU. See also [ edit ] List of programs broadcast by Viceland (/wiki/List_of_programs_broadcast_by_Viceland) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Colón, Ana (July 7, 2017). "This Amazing Series Offers a New, Timely Way to Talk About Fashion" (https://www.glamour.com/story/hailey-gates-states-of-undress-interview) . Glamour . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190215050407/https://www.glamour.com/story/hailey-gates-states-of-undress-interview) from the original on February 15, 2019 . Retrieved February 14, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "An exploration of fashion, a grim game, and a thought-provoking TV show" (https://tv.avclub.com/an-exploration-of-fashion-a-grim-game-and-a-thought-p-1798249477) . TV Club . July 16, 2016. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190215050346/https://tv.avclub.com/an-exploration-of-fashion-a-grim-game-and-a-thought-p-1798249477) from the original on February 15, 2019 . Retrieved February 14, 2019 . External links [ edit ] States of Undress at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) This article relating to a non-fiction (/wiki/Non-fiction) television series (/wiki/Television_series) in the United States is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=States_of_Undress&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐wccbs Cached time: 20240718231923 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.519 seconds Real time usage: 0.666 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3733/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 67944/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2879/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 29/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 15826/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.365/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 21236075/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 635.427 1 -total 34.98% 222.300 1 Template:Infobox_television 33.87% 215.222 12 Template:Main_other 24.81% 157.674 1 Template:Episode_table 21.16% 134.478 14 Template:Episode_list 17.04% 108.268 1 Template:Infobox 15.38% 97.713 1 Template:Reflist 14.47% 91.919 1 Template:Infobox_television/Short_description 13.32% 84.661 2 Template:Cite_web 12.81% 81.393 3 Template:Trim Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:57354287-0!canonical and timestamp 20240718231923 and revision id 1175783567. 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Vietnamese women who worked as fashion designers (/wiki/Fashion_designer) . Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Vietnam portal (/wiki/Portal:Vietnam) This is a non-diffusing subcategory (/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization#Non-diffusing_subcategories) of Category:Vietnamese fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Vietnamese_fashion_designers) . It includes Vietnamese fashion designers that can also be found in the parent category, or in diffusing subcategories of the parent. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐dc899b7cc‐qlwb7 Cached time: 20240720204857 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.144 seconds Real time usage: 0.181 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 137/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 4009/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 307/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3351/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.083/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 942860/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 155.938 1 -total 44.53% 69.432 1 Template:Portal 43.03% 67.096 1 Template:Non-diffusing 36.06% 56.225 1 Template:Cmbox 12.24% 19.089 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 9.80% 15.280 2 Template:Category_other 7.48% 11.670 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 3.95% 6.162 1 Template:Single_namespace 1.64% 2.555 1 Template:Template_other 1.45% 2.257 1 Template:Clear Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:72303713-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720204857 and revision id 1177799919. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse Pages in category "Vietnamese women fashion designers" The following 2 pages are in this category, out of 2 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . H Đặng Thị Minh Hạnh (/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7ng_Th%E1%BB%8B_Minh_H%E1%BA%A1nh) T Thuy Diep (/wiki/Thuy_Diep) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Vietnamese_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1177799919 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Vietnamese_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1177799919) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Vietnamese fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Vietnamese_fashion_designers) Vietnamese women artists (/wiki/Category:Vietnamese_women_artists) Women fashion designers by nationality (/wiki/Category:Women_fashion_designers_by_nationality) Hidden categories: Wikipedia non-diffusing subcategories (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_non-diffusing_subcategories) Automatic category TOC generates no TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_no_TOC)
Cloth wrap for the lower body Tamil Brahmins (Iyers and Iyengars) in traditional veshti and angavastram (/wiki/Angvastra) at a convention of the Mylai Tamil Sangam, circa 1930s A veshti [1] (#cite_note-1) ( Tamil (/wiki/Tamil_language) : வேட்டி ), also known as vēṭṭi , is a white unstitched cloth wrap (/wiki/Wrap_(clothing)) for the lower body in Tamil Nadu (/wiki/Tamil_Nadu) and in the North and East of Sri Lanka (/wiki/Sri_Lanka) . Vēṭṭi is a part of the traditional (/wiki/Tradition) attire (/wiki/Clothing) consisting of Kurta (/wiki/Kurta) and Angvastra (/wiki/Angvastra) . The garment is a single piece of cloth and similar to the dhoti (/wiki/Dhoti) , one of the earliest draped garments of India. A vēṭṭi is often layered with horizontal stripes or borders across its length. Style [ edit ] Like many wrap clothes, the vēṭṭi varies in wearing style. It is often simply wrapped around the waist, secured by a corner being tucked beneath the wrapped cloth. It is also worn as Sarong (/wiki/Sarong) , unlike dhoti (/wiki/Dhoti) , which is looped between the legs. [2] (#cite_note-indiatimes-2) A belt is also used over it (less popular now) just below the closing. [3] (#cite_note-google-3) Men and women both wear it. For women, the drape is known as vēṭṭi -mundu. [3] (#cite_note-google-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) Political identity [ edit ] Various border (Saffron, red, green, and blue) colors of vēṭṭi represent different political parties' identities in India (/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_India) . [2] (#cite_note-indiatimes-2) [5] (#cite_note-5) See also [ edit ] Sari (/wiki/Sari) Tamil Nadu (/wiki/Tamil_Nadu) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Dhotis, Rhythm (2020). "What is veshti and What it is made of?" (https://www.rhythmdhotis.com/what-is-veshti/) . Rhythm Dhotis . ^ Jump up to: a b Dasgupta, Reshmi R. "Cocktail Conversations: Veshti Vs Dhoti" (https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/cocktail-conversations-veshti-vs-dhoti/articleshow/8324642.cms) . The Economic Times . Retrieved 2021-01-24 . ^ Jump up to: a b Saris: An Illustrated Guide to the Indian Art of Draping . Shakti Press International. 1997. pp. 30, 32. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-9661496-1-6 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Anawalt, Patricia Rieff (2007). The Worldwide History of Dress . Thames & Hudson. p. 232. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-500-51363-7 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Kannangara, Nisar (2019-06-01). "The politics of clothing in postcolonial Indian democracy" (https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/intellect/cc/2019/00000006/00000002/art00007) . Clothing Cultures . 6 (2): 237–247. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1386/cc_00014_1 (https://doi.org/10.1386%2Fcc_00014_1) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 219279532 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:219279532) . 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Native American Kiowa textile and beadwork artist Vanessa Paukeigope Jennings Jennings in her earth lodge, 1989 Born Vanessa Paukeigope Santos ( 1952-10-05 ) October 5, 1952 (age 71) Gila River Indian Community, Arizona (/wiki/Gila_River_Indian_Community,_Arizona) , U.S. Known for Beadwork (/wiki/Beadwork) , cradleboards (/wiki/Cradleboard) , clothing, regalia, dolls Style Southern Plains Spouse(s) Carl Jennings (2nd husband, 1993–present) Awards National Heritage Fellowship (/wiki/National_Heritage_Fellowship) (1989) Vanessa Paukeigope Santos Jennings (born October 5, 1952) [1] (#cite_note-Govenar-1) is a Kiowa (/wiki/Kiowa) / Kiowa Apache (/wiki/Apache_Tribe_of_Oklahoma) / Gila River Pima (/wiki/Gila_River_Pima) regalia (/wiki/Regalia) maker, clothing designer, cradleboard (/wiki/Cradleboard) maker, and beadwork artist from Oklahoma (/wiki/Oklahoma) . [2] (#cite_note-McDonnell-2) Early life [ edit ] Jennings was born in the Gila River Indian Community (/wiki/Gila_River_Indian_Community) near Tempe, Arizona (/wiki/Tempe,_Arizona) [3] (#cite_note-nhf-3) but was raised in Oklahoma. [4] (#cite_note-OK-4) Her parents were Clifford Santos of the Gila River Pima (/wiki/Gila_River_Pima) tribe and LaQuinta Mopope, [3] (#cite_note-nhf-3) a Kiowa who worked as a nurse with the Indian Health Service (/wiki/Indian_Health_Service) in Arizona. [5] (#cite_note-Hansen-5) Jennings is the oldest granddaughter of Kiowa Six (/wiki/Kiowa_Six) artist Stephen Mopope (/wiki/Stephen_Mopope) [6] (#cite_note-Henry-6) and Jeanette Berry Mopope, from whom Jennings "inherited the Kiowa songs, crafts, manners and language" [2] (#cite_note-McDonnell-2) that is integral to her artwork. Jennings began doing beadwork at age 11, after observing and helping her grandmother with her artistry for several years prior. [5] (#cite_note-Hansen-5) As a child growing up in Lawton, Oklahoma (/wiki/Lawton,_Oklahoma) , she was often teased by others for wearing leggings and braids instead of trying to conceal her Native American heritage. [2] (#cite_note-McDonnell-2) She attended high school and college [ where? ] in Oklahoma. After graduation, she worked with the Bureau of Indian Affairs (/wiki/Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs) and then moved to the allotment land granted to her grandmother in Red Stone, Oklahoma. She and her first husband built an earth lodge (/wiki/Earth_lodge) on this Kiowa spiritually-significant property, which she uses as a studio and also makes available to the tribe for various cultural activities. [1] (#cite_note-Govenar-1) In addition to her grandmother, another major influence in Jennings' life has been her participation in the O-Ho-Mah Lodge Society, a Kiowa war dance society with which her family has been involved for several generations. Her grandfather Stephen, his father George Mopope, and Jennings' sons Gabriel and Seth have all performed songs at Society ceremonies. [5] (#cite_note-Hansen-5) Career [ edit ] Jennings had made artwork in her spare time, but in the early 1980s she received a commission from the Museum of International Folk Art (/wiki/Museum_of_International_Folk_Art) to make a ceremonial child's dress using traditional Kiowa beadwork on rawhide. [7] (#cite_note-Congdon-7) Jennings acknowledges that this commission marked the beginning of her professional career as a traditional Southern Plains artist. [5] (#cite_note-Hansen-5) Jennings is known for making traditional Kiowa cradleboards, saddles, moccasins, beadwork, men's and women's clothing, and other craft formats, but she says cradleboards are her favorite. [4] (#cite_note-OK-4) Over the years, her work has been included in many special exhibitions and she has received commissions from Kiowa leaders to make ceremonial regalia for important rituals, but she has also had to work other jobs in Anadarko, Oklahoma (/wiki/Anadarko,_Oklahoma) in order to earn funds to support her artwork. [3] (#cite_note-nhf-3) Jennings has also taken seriously the responsibility of teaching her craft to future generations, by "instructing young people in the necessary techniques to make regalia and demonstrating her artistry for broader audiences at museums and cultural centers". [8] (#cite_note-Bergey-8) Despite having won many awards for her creative endeavors, she says "I've never considered myself an artist. I have always told everyone that I'm a simple, traditional woman." [9] (#cite_note-McDonnell2-9) "I do my grandmother's work," Jennings said. "I do my great-grandmother's work. This is what they used to do. They are the ones who should be honored." [10] (#cite_note-Nott-10) Besides finished pieces, she is one of the few artists who brain-tans her own hides. [2] (#cite_note-McDonnell-2) In 1992, Jennings (then-Morgan) reproduced a small version of the "Tepee With Battle Pictures" for an exhibit at the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum (/wiki/National_Cowboy_%26_Western_Heritage_Museum) in Oklahoma City. The original painted tepee (/wiki/Tipi) was created in 1845 to commemorate the continued peace agreement between the Kiowa and Cheyenne tribes, and was presented as a gift to Little Bluff (/wiki/Dohasan) , the principal chief of the Kiowa. The tepee represented an object of great cultural significance and prestige, and has been reproduced several times over the years. Jennings is a great-great-great-granddaughter of Little Bluff II. For her reproduced model, Jennings drew upon family history to depict military deeds, but because Kiowa tradition is that only men can reproduce such images, Jennings taught her son Seth to draw the battle pictures on the tepee. [11] (#cite_note-Greene-11) In 1995, Jennings helped organize an exhibit titled "Four Generations: Mopope, Palmer, Jennings, and Morgan" at the Red Earth Indian Center in Oklahoma City (/wiki/Oklahoma_City) . The exhibit featured the work of eight Kiowa artisans from Jennings' family, starting with her grandfather Stephen Mopope, to represent an unbroken line of artistic tradition. [12] (#cite_note-Rogers-12) One of Jennings' cradleboards was included in a national traveling exhibition titled "Gifts of Pride and Love" that featured 38 cradles from various Native American tribal traditions. The exhibit also emphasized female artists, who have long been overlooked by histories focusing on the male Indian warrior culture. [13] (#cite_note-Nitze-13) The exhibition began in December 1999 at the Gilcrease Museum (/wiki/Gilcrease_Museum) in Tulsa, Oklahoma (/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma) , and included stops at the Heard Museum (/wiki/Heard_Museum) in Phoenix, Arizona (/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona) , the Fowler Museum of Cultural History (/wiki/Fowler_Museum_at_UCLA) in Los Angeles, California (/wiki/Los_Angeles) , the Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian (/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_American_Indian) in Washington, D.C. (/wiki/Washington,_D.C.) , the Oklahoma Museum of Natural History (/wiki/Sam_Noble_Oklahoma_Museum_of_Natural_History) in Norman, Oklahoma (/wiki/Norman,_Oklahoma) , and the Mashantucket Pequot Museum and Research Center (/wiki/Mashantucket_Pequot_Museum_and_Research_Center) in Ledyard, Connecticut (/wiki/Ledyard,_Connecticut) . [6] (#cite_note-Henry-6) Jennings wrote a chapter titled "Why I Make Cradles" in the catalog book that accompanied the exhibition. [14] (#cite_note-Hall-14) Jennings' work has also been featured at the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum in Oklahoma City and the Buffalo Bill Historical Center (/wiki/Buffalo_Bill_Center_of_the_West) in Cody, Wyoming (/wiki/Cody,_Wyoming) , [4] (#cite_note-OK-4) as well as in England and Scotland. [9] (#cite_note-McDonnell2-9) As of 2017, she is believed to be the last active Kiowa cradleboard maker on the Southern Plains. [15] (#cite_note-15) She is a founding member of Artists for the Traditional Arts, an initiative of the National Council for the Traditional Arts (/wiki/National_Council_for_the_Traditional_Arts) . [16] (#cite_note-16) Awards and honors [ edit ] At the inaugural Red Earth Festival (/wiki/Red_Earth_Festival) in 1987, Jennings won prizes for her antelope headdress and a mountain lion bow case. [9] (#cite_note-McDonnell2-9) Jennings is a recipient of a 1989 National Heritage Fellowship (/wiki/National_Heritage_Fellowship) awarded by the National Endowment for the Arts (/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Arts) , which is the United States government's highest honor in the folk and traditional arts. [17] (#cite_note-17) That honor also includes recognition as a Living National Treasure by the US president and congress. In 1992, she received the Red Earth Festival President's Award. [2] (#cite_note-McDonnell-2) In 1996, Jennings and her artwork were honored in a Plains Indian Seminar sponsored by the Buffalo Bill Center of the West, titled "Powerful Expressions: Art of Plains Indian Women". The seminar's keynote address noted that "the way Vanessa lives epitomizes the best kinds of values and virtues of Plains Indian women". [5] (#cite_note-Hansen-5) In 2004, she was named the Honored One by the Red Earth Festival, which is the highest honor bestowed upon an artist by the festival. [2] (#cite_note-McDonnell-2) She has earned multiple awards in various categories at the Santa Fe Indian Market (/wiki/Santa_Fe_Indian_Market) , including in 1997, [18] (#cite_note-Santa_Fe2-18) 2003, [19] (#cite_note-Grimm-19) 2010, [10] (#cite_note-Nott-10) and 2016. [20] (#cite_note-Santa_Fe-20) She has also won awards [ when? ] at the Great Plains Indian Rendezvous. [2] (#cite_note-McDonnell-2) Personal life [ edit ] Jennings lives in Red Stone, east of Fort Cobb, Oklahoma (/wiki/Fort_Cobb,_Oklahoma) . [6] (#cite_note-Henry-6) She had three children from her first marriage. Because her parents died in the 1950s, she was unable to follow the Kiowa tradition of having the grandparents directly raise their grandchildren, so Jennings raised her three children by herself. [2] (#cite_note-McDonnell-2) She married Carl Jennings in 1993. [4] (#cite_note-OK-4) As of 2004, she had four grandchildren, and she also raised her sister's eight children following her death. [4] (#cite_note-OK-4) Two of Jennings' children are also traditional artists. Gabriel Morgan is a ledger artist (/wiki/Ledger_art) , pipe maker and flute player. Seth Morgan is also a ledger artist and pipe maker, in addition to working with beads, making bows and arrows, and writing poetry. [12] (#cite_note-Rogers-12) As of 2003, she has survived four strokes (/wiki/Stroke) . [19] (#cite_note-Grimm-19) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Govenar, Alan, ed. (2001). "Vanessa Paukeigope Morgan". Masters of Traditional Arts: A Biographical Dictionary . Vol. 2 (K-Z). Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio. pp. 459–460. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1576072401 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 47644303 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47644303) . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h McDonnell, Brandy (May 30, 2004). "Place of honor: Expertise in Kiowa Crafts Brings 52-year-old Recognition" (http://newsok.com/article/1904494) . The Oklahoman (City ed.). Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. p. Special section, 02 . Retrieved January 18, 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Vanessa Paukeigope Morgan: Kiowa Regalia Maker" (https://www.arts.gov/honors/heritage/vanessa-paukeigope-morgan) . www.arts.gov . National Endowment for the Arts. n.d . Retrieved December 8, 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Vanessa Paukeigope Jennings" (http://newsok.com/article/1904495) . The Oklahoman (City ed.). Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. May 30, 2004. p. Special section, 02 . Retrieved January 18, 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Hansen, Emma (October 20, 2017). "Paukeigope: An Artist of the Southern Plains" (https://centerofthewest.org/2017/10/20/points-west-paukeigope-artist/) . centerofthewest.org . Points West Online . Retrieved January 18, 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Henry, Derrick (May 20, 2001). "Museum Exhibit a Rebirth for Indian Cradles" (http://articles.latimes.com/2001/may/20/news/mn-231) . Los Angeles Times (Bulldog ed.). Los Angeles, California. p. Part A, Part 1, Advance Desk, 14 . Retrieved January 18, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-Congdon_7-0) Congdon, Kristin G.; Hallmark, Kara Kelley (2012). American Folk Art: A Regional Reference . Vol. 1. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio. p. 526. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-313-34936-2 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 721891434 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/721891434) . ^ (#cite_ref-Bergey_8-0) Bergey, Barry (2018). "Vanessa Paukeigope [Morgan] Jennings". Folk Masters: A Portrait of America . photographs by Tom Pich. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. pp. 58–59. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780253032324 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 988165128 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/988165128) . ^ Jump up to: a b c McDonnell, Brandy (June 5, 2016). "Oklahoma City's Red Earth Festival celebrates its 30th anniversary" (http://newsok.com/article/5502079) . The Daily Oklahoman . Oklahoma City, Oklahoma . Retrieved January 18, 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b Nott, Robert (August 21, 2010). "Shaking up tradition: Indian Market judges award Best of Show to two artists" (http://www.santafenewmexican.com/news/local_news/shaking-up-tradition-indian-market-judges-award-best-of-show/article_cbb30d0b-8476-5a18-8893-deb242630db6.html) . Santa Fe New Mexican . Santa Fe, New Mexico . Retrieved January 16, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-Greene_11-0) Greene, Candace S. (October 1993). "The Tepee With Battle Pictures". Natural History . 102 (10): 68–77. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0028-0712 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0028-0712) . ^ Jump up to: a b Rogers, Rick (August 18, 1995). "Art Exhibit a Tribute to Kiowa Tradition" (http://newsok.com/article/2511495) . Daily Oklahoman (City ed.). Oklahoma City, Oklahoma . Retrieved January 18, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-Nitze_13-0) Nitze, Sam (July 9, 1999). "Cradles of civilization". Providence Journal (East Bay ed.). Providence, Rhode Island. p. News section, C-01. ^ (#cite_ref-Hall_14-0) Hall, Barbara A., ed. (2000). Gifts of Pride and Love: Kiowa and Comanche Cradles . Bristol, Rhode Island: Haffenreffer Museum of Anthropology, Brown University. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780912089102 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 44634943 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/44634943) . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "An Evening with Vanessa Jennings: Kiowa Cradleboards, Culture, and Tradition" (https://www.brown.edu/research/facilities/haffenreffer-museum/events/2017/10/evening-vanessa-jennings-kiowa-cradleboards-culture-and-tradition) . www.brown.edu . Brown University, Haffenreffer Museum of Anthropology. October 26, 2017 . Retrieved January 18, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Artists for the Traditional Arts" (http://ncta-usa.org/artists-for-the-traditional-arts/) . ncta-usa.org . National Council for the Traditional Arts. 2014 . Retrieved January 18, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "NEA National Heritage Fellowships 1989" (https://web.archive.org/web/20200804022225/https://www.arts.gov/honors/heritage/year/1989) . www.arts.gov . National Endowment for the Arts. Archived from the original (https://www.arts.gov/honors/heritage/year/1989) on August 4, 2020 . Retrieved December 8, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Santa_Fe2_18-0) "1997 Indian Market Awards". Santa Fe New Mexican . Santa Fe, New Mexico. August 23, 1997. p. Local section, B4. ^ Jump up to: a b Grimm, Julie Ann (August 23, 2003). "Best of Show". Santa Fe New Mexican . Santa Fe, New Mexico. p. Main section, A-1. ^ (#cite_ref-Santa_Fe_20-0) "Winners announced in Indian Market judging" (http://www.santafenewmexican.com/news/local_news/winners-announced-in-indian-market-judging/article_a6591d9a-664a-11e6-bdfa-a39691af9cef.html) . Santa Fe New Mexican . Santa Fe, New Mexico. August 19, 2016. p. State and Regional News section . Retrieved January 16, 2018 . External links [ edit ] Video interview with Jennings by the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=me2CNUyQqxw) 2016 video interview with Jennings as part of the Oklahoma Native Artists Oral History Project, Oklahoma State University Library (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RZE2PtcFlyw) Photograph of Jennings at Santa Fe Indian Market check-in, 2010 (https://santafenewmexican.smugmug.com/Art/2010-Indian-Market-album/i-77tbSLz) Photographs of two Jennings cradleboards entered in 2016 Santa Fe Indian Market (https://indiancountrymedianetwork.com/culture/arts-entertainment/photos-8-great-native-artists-from-santa-fe-indian-market/) Photograph of Jennings' Woman's Battle Dress from the National Museum of the American Indian collection (http://nmai.si.edu/searchcollections/item.aspx?irn=281873) Oral History Interview with Vanessa Paukeigope Jennings (https://dc.library.okstate.edu/digital/collection/ona/id/60/rec/116) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International FAST (http://id.worldcat.org/fast/507493/) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/96618202) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJp67XGH8H4Vv6PyMd8Qv3) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2004035839) Artists ULAN (https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500126903) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐f656bc667‐dmjsk Cached time: 20240709032646 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.555 seconds Real time usage: 0.708 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3155/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 50766/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3122/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 9/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 84576/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.393/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 8216504/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 654.256 1 -total 33.24% 217.503 1 Template:Reflist 25.21% 164.912 1 Template:Infobox_artist 15.91% 104.087 4 Template:Cite_book 14.68% 96.064 1 Template:Authority_control 13.65% 89.281 1 Template:Short_description 8.70% 56.936 19 Template:Main_other 7.18% 47.008 10 Template:Cite_news 6.56% 42.891 2 Template:Fix 6.51% 42.592 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:24540370-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709032646 and revision id 1219120533. 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The Mantle of João VI. The Mantle of João VI , also known as the Mantle of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves ( Portuguese (/wiki/Portuguese_language) : Manto de João VI; Manto do Reino Unido de Portugal, do Brasil, e dos Algarves), is the royal robe, a part of the Portuguese Crown Jewels (/wiki/Portuguese_Crown_Jewels) , that was fashioned for the acclamation of King João VI (/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_VI) , alongside the Crown of João VI (/wiki/Crown_of_Jo%C3%A3o_VI) and the Sceptre of the Armillary (/wiki/Sceptre_of_the_Armillary) . History [ edit ] The Mantle of João VI was created for the acclamation of João VI as King. It was fashioned in Portugal, even though João VI was in Brazil (/wiki/Transfer_of_the_Portuguese_Court_to_Brazil) , for Portugal was encaged in the Peninsular War (/wiki/Peninsular_War) . The robe was only used only by João VI. Details [ edit ] The mantle was made in Portugal for João VI's acclamation. It is fashioned out of velvet, silk, ermine, wire rod, sequins, and various precious jewels. The design of the robe bears several symbols of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves (/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Portugal,_Brazil,_and_the_Algarves) , for which João VI was monarch of during João VI's stay in Brazil (/wiki/Transfer_of_the_Portuguese_Court_to_Brazil) . Armillary Sphere (/wiki/Armillary_Sphere) - Originally a symbol of King Manuel I of Portugal (/wiki/Manuel_I_of_Portugal) , it also became a symbol of Colonial Brazil (/wiki/Colonial_Brazil) . After the creation of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves (/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Portugal,_Brazil,_and_the_Algarves) , it became the pluricontinental (/wiki/Pluricontinental) symbol of Portugal and Brazil and appeared on its flag (/wiki/Flag_of_Portugal#1667–1830) . Castle - Said to symbolize the castles of the seven Moorish Kings that Afonso I of Portugal (/wiki/Afonso_I_of_Portugal) conquered, the castles are found on the Coat of arms of Portugal (/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal) . Shield with Five Escutcheons - Originally symbolizing Portugal's right to issue currency as an independent nation, the symbol was commonly used as a simplified version of the Portuguese coat of arms. See also [ edit ] Mantle of Luís I (/wiki/Mantle_of_Lu%C3%ADs_I) Sources [ edit ] Jóias da Coroa Portuguesa (https://archive.today/20121206004655/http://www.monarquicos.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=815&highlight=j%F3ias+++coroa) v t e Portuguese Crown Jewels (/wiki/Portuguese_Crown_Jewels) Crowns and Tiaras Crown of João VI (/wiki/Crown_of_Jo%C3%A3o_VI) Diadem of the Stars (/wiki/Diadem_of_the_Stars) Tiara of Maria II (/wiki/Tiara_of_Maria_II) Sceptres Sceptre of the Armillary (/wiki/Sceptre_of_the_Armillary) Sceptre of the Dragon (/wiki/Sceptre_of_the_Dragon) Mantles Mantle of João VI Mantle of Luís I (/wiki/Mantle_of_Lu%C3%ADs_I) Mantle of Amélie of Orléans (/wiki/Mantle_of_Am%C3%A9lie_of_Orl%C3%A9ans) Miscellaneous Necklace of the Stars (/wiki/Necklace_of_the_Stars) Braganza Brooch (/wiki/Braganza_Brooch) Portuguese Diamond (/wiki/Portuguese_Diamond) Sancy Diamond (/wiki/Sancy) Former pieces of the Portuguese Crown Jewels are shown in italics NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐hg98x Cached time: 20240712181809 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.113 seconds Real time usage: 0.385 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 101/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 7431/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 4/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 8141/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.077/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 801825/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 100.703 1 -total 100.00% 100.703 1 Template:Portuguese_Crown_Jewels 98.09% 98.782 1 Template:Navbox Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:35631618-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712181809 and revision id 1062862436. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mantle_of_João_VI&oldid=1062862436 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mantle_of_João_VI&oldid=1062862436) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Portuguese Crown Jewels (/wiki/Category:Portuguese_Crown_Jewels) Portuguese monarchy (/wiki/Category:Portuguese_monarchy)
Fashion-related organizations NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8dc65f8db‐nfxrp Cached time: 20240701233846 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.001 seconds Real time usage: 0.002 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 1/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:10362314-0!canonical and timestamp 20240701233846 and revision id 1183325342. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total. B Beauty organisations (/wiki/Category:Beauty_organisations) ‎ (1 C, 13 P) F Fashion-related television channels (/wiki/Category:Fashion-related_television_channels) ‎ (5 P) Pages in category "Fashion organizations" The following 40 pages are in this category, out of 40 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A All Walks Beyond the Catwalk (/wiki/All_Walks_Beyond_the_Catwalk) Arab Fashion Council (/wiki/Arab_Fashion_Council) Association Nationale pour le Développement des Arts de la Mode (/wiki/Association_Nationale_pour_le_D%C3%A9veloppement_des_Arts_de_la_Mode) B Bangkok Fashion City (/wiki/Bangkok_Fashion_City) Body Gossip (/wiki/Body_Gossip) British Fashion Council (/wiki/British_Fashion_Council) C Camera Nazionale della Moda Italiana (/wiki/Camera_Nazionale_della_Moda_Italiana) Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture (/wiki/Chambre_Syndicale_de_la_Haute_Couture) Chartered Society of Designers (/wiki/Chartered_Society_of_Designers) Council of Fashion Designers of America (/wiki/Council_of_Fashion_Designers_of_America) CozyCot (/wiki/CozyCot) D Danish Fashion Institute (/wiki/Danish_Fashion_Institute) The David Casavant Archive (/wiki/The_David_Casavant_Archive) Designers Against Aids (/wiki/Designers_Against_Aids) Diet Prada (/wiki/Diet_Prada) Dubai Design and Fashion Council (/wiki/Dubai_Design_and_Fashion_Council) Dutch Fashion Foundation (/wiki/Dutch_Fashion_Foundation) E European Fashion Council (/wiki/European_Fashion_Council) F Fashion Design Council of India (/wiki/Fashion_Design_Council_of_India) Fashion for Relief (/wiki/Fashion_for_Relief) Fashion Group International (/wiki/Fashion_Group_International) Fashion Is For Every Body (/wiki/Fashion_Is_For_Every_Body) Fashion Law Institute (/wiki/Fashion_Law_Institute) Fashion Malawi Edition (/wiki/Fashion_Malawi_Edition) Fashion Originators Guild of America (/wiki/Fashion_Originators_Guild_of_America) Fashion Revolution (/wiki/Fashion_Revolution) FashionGlobusUkraine (/wiki/FashionGlobusUkraine) Fédération de la Haute Couture et de la Mode (/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_de_la_Haute_Couture_et_de_la_Mode) G Template:Grands couturiers (/wiki/Template:Grands_couturiers) I Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers (/wiki/Incorporated_Society_of_London_Fashion_Designers) International Colour Authority (/wiki/International_Colour_Authority) International Dwarf Fashion Show (/wiki/International_Dwarf_Fashion_Show) International Talent Support (/wiki/International_Talent_Support) M Men's Dress Reform Party (/wiki/Men%27s_Dress_Reform_Party) Model Alliance (/wiki/Model_Alliance) P Peclers (/wiki/Peclers) Personal Care Products Council (/wiki/Personal_Care_Products_Council) S Sky Girls BW (/wiki/Sky_Girls_BW) Supima (/wiki/Supima) U Underfashion Club (/wiki/Underfashion_Club) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_organizations&oldid=1183325342 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Fashion_organizations&oldid=1183325342) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Business organizations by industry (/wiki/Category:Business_organizations_by_industry) Fashion industry (/wiki/Category:Fashion_industry)
This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Academic_dress_of_Liverpool_John_Moores_University) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Academic dress of Liverpool John Moores University" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Academic+dress+of+Liverpool+John+Moores+University%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Academic+dress+of+Liverpool+John+Moores+University%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Academic+dress+of+Liverpool+John+Moores+University%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Academic+dress+of+Liverpool+John+Moores+University%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Academic+dress+of+Liverpool+John+Moores+University%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Academic+dress+of+Liverpool+John+Moores+University%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( September 2013 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) The academic dress (/wiki/Academic_dress) of Liverpool John Moores University (/wiki/Liverpool_John_Moores_University) is the formal attire worn by academics and graduating students at the university on formal occasions. This includes graduation and inauguration ceremonies of senior academic officers where it is compulsory to be worn. The regalia has been used since the institute was granted university status in 1992 were Ede & Ravenscroft (/wiki/Ede_%26_Ravenscroft) was appointed the official tailor for academic dress. Student dress [ edit ] Undergraduates [ edit ] Those receiving a Bachelor's (/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree) degree from the university wear a dark blue gown [1] (#cite_note-1) and a dark blue mortarboard (/wiki/Square_academic_cap) with dark blue tassel. The hood (/wiki/Academic_dress_in_the_United_Kingdom#Hood) is grey silk embossed with the university coat of arms Postgraduates [ edit ] Masters [ edit ] Candidates accepting a Master's (/wiki/Master%27s_degree) degree wear a dark blue gown and a dark blue mortarboard (/wiki/Square_academic_cap) with dark blue tassel. The gown has grey silk trims going down the edges of the front with rows of the university coat of arms embossed on each trim. The hood (/wiki/Academic_dress_in_the_United_Kingdom#Hood) is grey silk also embossed with the coat of arms. Doctorates [ edit ] Research graduates receiving a Ph.D (/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy) wear a dark blue tudor bonnet (/wiki/Tudor_bonnet) with red tassel. [2] (#cite_note-2) The gown is scarlet (/wiki/Scarlet_(color)) [3] (#cite_note-3) with dark blue trims going down the edges of the front with embossments of the university coat of arms. The gown has dark blue under layers on the arms with a dark blue trim on the top edges, also embossed with the coat of arms. The hood is scarlet and dark blue. Academic officials [ edit ] The Chancellor [ edit ] The chancellor (/wiki/Chancellor_of_Liverpool_John_Moores_University) is chosen by the university board of governors and wears a dark blue gown with golden trims along its edges. As chancellor, the arms of the gown have two golden lace stripes which are separated by a split in the centre of the arm which has a golden trim on the edges. on the sides of the gown there are four golden lace stripes same as those on the arms. Each arm of the gown has a golden liver bird and olive branch (/wiki/Olive_branch) stripes on the edges of the shoulder. The chancellor wears a dark blue tudor bonnet (/wiki/Tudor_bonnet) with gold tassel. The hood is dark blue with a gold trim. The Pro-Chancellor [ edit ] The gown of the pro-chancellor (/wiki/Pro-Chancellor_of_Liverpool_John_Moores_University) is dark blue with a gold and white trim on the front edges of the gown. The arms have a white trim on the edges and a gold liver bird printed on both arms. The pro-chancellor wears a dark blue tudor bonnet with a gold tassel. The Vice-Chancellor [ edit ] The vice-chancellor (/wiki/Vice-Chancellor_of_Liverpool_John_Moores_University) wears a dark blue gown with light blue and gold trims on the front edges going down the gown. Both arms have golden liver birds (/wiki/Liver_birds) on them as symbols of the City of Liverpool (/wiki/Liverpool) and a light blue block stripe on the edges of the shoulders. Unlike the chancellor, the vice-chancellor has one golden lace stripe on each arm, separated by a split in the centre of the arm which has a golden trim on the edges. Both sides of the gown have two golden lace pattern bands, same to that on the arms. The vice-chancellor wears a dark blue mortar board with golden tassel and golden trim on the edge were the hat fits on the head. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Jennifer Donnelly. "Academic Dress" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130906224102/http://www.ljmu.ac.uk/Graduation/74575.htm) . Ljmu.ac.uk. Archived from the original (http://www.ljmu.ac.uk/Graduation/74575.htm) on 6 September 2013 . Retrieved 9 September 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Philip Bunker (9 July 2012). "PhD success for automotive engineer" (https://web.archive.org/web/20121016130644/http://ljmu.ac.uk/Alumni/index_123743.htm) . Ljmu.ac.uk. Archived from the original (http://www.ljmu.ac.uk/Alumni/index_123743.htm) on 16 October 2012 . Retrieved 9 September 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Jennifer Donnelly. "Academic Dress" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130906224102/http://www.ljmu.ac.uk/Graduation/74575.htm) . Ljmu.ac.uk. Archived from the original (http://www.ljmu.ac.uk/Graduation/74575.htm) on 6 September 2013 . Retrieved 9 September 2013 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.ljmu.ac.uk) Ede & Ravenscroft official website (http://www.edeandravenscroft.co.uk/graduation-services/) v t e Liverpool John Moores University People Chancellor (/wiki/Chancellor_of_Liverpool_John_Moores_University) Nisha Katona (/wiki/Nisha_Katona) Pro-Chancellor (/wiki/Pro-Chancellor_of_Liverpool_John_Moores_University) Malcolm Thornton (/wiki/Malcolm_Thornton) Vice-Chancellor (/wiki/Vice-Chancellor_of_Liverpool_John_Moores_University) Mark Power John Moores (/wiki/John_Moores_(British_businessman)) Henry Cotton (/wiki/Henry_Egerton_Cotton) Campuses City Campus: Avril Robarts Library (/wiki/Avril_Robarts_Library) College of Technology and Museum Extension (/wiki/College_of_Technology_and_Museum_Extension) James Parsons Building (/wiki/James_Parsons_Building) Tom Reilly Building (/wiki/Tom_Reilly_Building) Mount Pleasant Campus: Aldham Robarts Library (/wiki/Aldham_Robarts_Library) John Lennon Art and Design Building (/wiki/John_Lennon_Art_and_Design_Building) Liverpool College of Art (/wiki/Liverpool_College_of_Art) John Moores Students' Union (/wiki/John_Moores_Students%27_Union) Other: Halls of residence (/wiki/List_of_Liverpool_John_Moores_University_halls_of_residence) Liverpool Telescope (/wiki/Liverpool_Telescope) I.M. Marsh Campus (/wiki/I.M._Marsh_Campus) (until 2021) Schools and institutes Liverpool School of Art and Design (/wiki/Art_and_Design_Academy) Astrophysics Research Institute (/wiki/Astrophysics_Research_Institute) Other Academic dress Category (/wiki/Category:Liverpool_John_Moores_University) Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/category:Liverpool_John_Moores_University) v t e Academic dress (/wiki/Academic_dress) Components Terminology Groves classification system (/wiki/Groves_classification_system) Headwear Bishop Andrewes cap (/wiki/Bishop_Andrewes_cap) Biretta (/wiki/Biretta#Academic_biretta) Canterbury cap (/wiki/Canterbury_cap) Couleur (/wiki/Couleur) Doctoral hat (/wiki/Doctoral_hat) Faluche (/wiki/Faluche) Square academic cap (/wiki/Square_academic_cap) Student cap (/wiki/Student_cap) Tudor bonnet (/wiki/Tudor_bonnet) Hoods Cowl (/wiki/Cowl) Epitoge (/wiki/Epitoge) Hood (/wiki/Hood_(headgear)) Liripipe (/wiki/Liripipe) Stole (/wiki/Academic_stole) Tippet (/wiki/Tippet) Gowns Cope (/wiki/Cope) Gown (/wiki/Gown) Khrui (/wiki/Khrui) Miscellaneous Bands (/wiki/Bands_(neckwear)) Doctoral ring (/wiki/Doctoral_ring) Sub fusc (/wiki/Sub_fusc#Subfusc) People Cecil Beaton (/wiki/Cecil_Beaton) John Burgon (/wiki/John_Burgon) Charles Franklyn (/wiki/Charles_Franklyn) Norman Hargreaves-Mawdsley (/wiki/Norman_Hargreaves-Mawdsley) George Shaw (/wiki/George_Shaw_(academic_dress_scholar)) Vivienne Westwood (/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood) By country Australia Melbourne (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_University_of_Melbourne) Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_Royal_Melbourne_Institute_of_Technology) Tasmania (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Tasmania) Canada McGill (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_McGill_University) Ireland Dublin (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Dublin) National (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_National_University_of_Ireland) Philippines Santo Tomas (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Santo_Tomas) Thailand Chulalongkorn (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_Chulalongkorn_University) United Kingdom (/wiki/Academic_dress_in_the_United_Kingdom) England and Wales Bristol (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Bristol) Cambridge (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Cambridge) Durham (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_Durham_University) Exeter (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Exeter) Imperial (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_Imperial_College_London) Kent (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Kent) Leeds (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Leeds) Liverpool John Moores London (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_London) King's (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_King%27s_College_London) Manchester (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Manchester) Nottingham (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Nottingham) Oxford (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Oxford) Wales (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Wales) Warwick (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Warwick) Scotland Edinburgh (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Edinburgh) Glasgow (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_Glasgow) Robert Gordon (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_Robert_Gordon_University) St Andrews (/wiki/Academic_dress_of_the_University_of_St_Andrews) Undergraduate gowns (/wiki/Undergraduate_gowns_in_Scotland) United States (/wiki/Academic_dress_in_the_United_States) Columbia (/wiki/Academic_regalia_of_Columbia_University) Harvard (/wiki/Academic_regalia_of_Harvard_University) Stanford (/wiki/Academic_regalia_of_Stanford_University) Other countries China (/wiki/Chinese_academic_dress) France (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robe_universitaire_en_France) Spain (https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indumentaria_universitaria_en_Espa%C3%B1a) See also The Burgon Society (/wiki/Burgon_Society) Academic scarves (/wiki/Academic_scarf) Honor cords (/wiki/Honor_cords) Legal dress (/wiki/Legal_dress) Praxe (/wiki/Praxe) Category (/wiki/Category:Academic_dress) Portal 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Traditional costume of bullfighters Traje de luces Torero Antonio Barrera in a traje de luces with the ceremonial capote de paseo over his left arm and holding the montera Type Bullfighter suit Material Silk (/wiki/Silk) with gold, silver (/wiki/Goldwork_(embroidery)) or jet (/wiki/Jet_(gemstone)) thread embroidery (/wiki/Embroidery) Place of origin Spain Introduced 18th century Two famous toreros : Joselito el Gallo and Juan Belmonte (/wiki/Juan_Belmonte) wearing the traje de luces . Detail of la chaquetilla . The traje de luces [1] (#cite_note-1) ('suit of lights') is the traditional clothing (/wiki/Clothing) that Spanish bullfighters (/wiki/Bullfight) ( toreros (/wiki/Torero) , picadores (/wiki/Picador) , and rejoneadores (/wiki/Rejoneador) ) wear in the bullring (/wiki/Bullring) . The term originates from the sequins (/wiki/Sequins) and reflective threads (/wiki/Goldwork_(embroidery)) of gold or silver. These trajes are based on the flamboyant costumes (/wiki/Costume) of the 18th-century dandies (/wiki/Dandy) and showmen (/wiki/Showmen) involved in bullfighting, which later became exclusive to the bullfighting ritual (/wiki/Ritual) . Later adornments include the montera hat (/wiki/Montera) , more elaborate embroidery, and decorative accessories. Toreros [ edit ] Getting "dressed to kill" constitutes a ceremonious ritual by itself: the matador is attended by a squire (/wiki/Squire) ( mozo de espadas ) who helps him to get dressed, often according to a "lucky" ritual in the privacy of a hotel room. [ clarification needed ] Components of the traje de luces for a torero may include: Montera (/wiki/Montera) : the hat that the bullfighter and his assistants (subalterns) wear. The bullfighter dresses during paseíllo (presentation) and in first two-thirds of the ritual called suerte de varas (goading phase) and banderillas (lances phase). It may be offered to a spectator as a mark of honour following a tradition set by Paquiro (Francisco Montes Reina, a famous 19th-century torero ). Castoreño : a wide-brimmed round hat made of white or beige beaver skin that is worn by picadores (lancers on horseback). Corbatín : a narrow black necktie. Chaquetilla : a short and rigid jacket, with shoulder reinforcements, attached only at the upper shoulder to allow the free and unimpeded movement of the arms. Taleguilla : close-fitting tights which extend from the waist to underneath the knee, secured with tasseled (/wiki/Tassel) cords (/wiki/Cord_(sewing)) or decorated gaiters (/wiki/Gaiter) . Taleguillas are supported by means of tirantes (braces or suspenders) concealed by decorative and protective clothing. Medias : two pairs of socks or stockings are used. The first pair are white cotton, and the external pair are silk. They are usually pink, but can also be white, red, or black. Camisa : a white shirt, sometimes embroidered, worn beneath the chaquetilla . Zapatillas : flat slippers similar in general appearance to ballet flats, and decorated with a bow. Capote de paseo : a vestige of the 19th-century promenade cape (/wiki/Cape) , this is a short silk mantle (/wiki/Mantle_(clothing)) with rich and luxurious embroidery which is used during the paseíllo . Before the main performance starts, this ornate cape is exchanged for a more utilitarian red or purple muleta (/wiki/Muleta) , a long cape used to entice the bull to charge. This has stiff reinforcing rods at the sides ( muleta also means 'crutch' or 'cane' in Spanish). Coleta : A hair tie. In the 19th century, bullfighters wore long hair often secured in a bun (called a moña ) reminiscent of 18th-century wigs. This was secured by the coleta . Traditionally, this bun was worn by a torero to indicate impending retirement. Modern bullfighters have instead tended to use a detachable hair adornment called a castañeta . Colors [ edit ] The main elements of the traje de luces , the pants and jacket, are usually of the same color and embellished with gold, sometimes silver or black, embroidery, sequins, and Austrian knots (/wiki/Austrian_knot) . The choice of colors are at the discretion of the bullfighter, with the most common colors being red, blue, white, pink, and brown. A bullfighter may pick a color for aesthetic reasons or based on superstitions, e.g. wearing a color worn previously that led to success in a bullfight or avoiding a color completely due to serious injuries while wearing that certain color. Selecting certain colors can also be for practical reasons, like picking lighter colors to call less attention from the bull. Picadores [ edit ] Components of the traje de luces for a picador (the mounted goader (/wiki/Goad) ). calzona de gamuza : boots made of chamois (/wiki/Chamois) , instead of the zapatilla slippers. Steel armour is worn on the right leg to avoid being gored (/wiki/Impalement) ( cornada (/wiki/Cornada) ) by the bull's horns. castoreño : a traditional beaver (/wiki/Beaver) -fur hat. chaquetilla : the picador 's jacket, adorned with gold, a privilege reminiscent of times when the picador was equal to or more important than the matador . Rejoneadores [ edit ] Rejoneadores are mounted lancers who slaughter the bull while riding on horseback. The Spanish rejoneadores use the traditional suit of Andalusian cattlemen, while their Portuguese counterparts dress in the style of Frederick II of Prussia (/wiki/Frederick_II_of_Prussia) , a fashion similar to the uniforms of upper-class cavalry (/wiki/Cavalry) in the 18th century. Goyaesque corridas [ edit ] These bullfights celebrate the earliest versions of the modern ceremony, which evolved in the 18th century, and which were recorded by the painter Goya (/wiki/Goya) . The suit is similar to the conventional traje de luces , but with less adornment. The Taleguilla tights are more comfortable, being of silk with gold thread. Goyaesque toreros perform the paseíllo with a bicorne (/wiki/Bicorne) hat, and a capote de brega ('struggle cape') that is similar to the muleta , but in stiffer material and without the stiffening rods. It measures between 113 and 123 cm and weighs some 4 to 6 kg. Bullfights in the style of Goya are known as ronda , and are celebrated in Spain at the end of September, and also at Arles (/wiki/Arles) in France. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Pedraza, Felipe (2005) [1998]. Iniciación a la fiesta de los toros # 4.4 El traje de torear (in Spanish). Biblioteca Edaf. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-84-414-0293-5 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Traje de luces (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Traje_de_luces) . Inventario web de trajes de luces (https://web.archive.org/web/20080510061845/http://www.vozestudiantes.es/colaboradores/fernando/blog/?page_id=112) (in Spanish) Labeled diagram of a torero standing in his (http://portaltaurino.com/la_corrida/vestido.htm) traje de luces (in Spanish) assorted pictures of toreros in action (https://web.archive.org/web/20090202095446/http://andaluciaimagen.com/fotos-trajes-de-luces-p1m40a0in0I0IA0.htm) (in Spanish) v t e Bullfighting (/wiki/Bullfighting) Types, styles, and events Bull-leaping (/wiki/Bull-leaping) Bull wrestling (/wiki/Bull_wrestling) Corraleja (/wiki/Corraleja) Course landaise (/wiki/Course_landaise) Don Tancredo (/wiki/Don_Tancredo) Feria (festival) (/wiki/Feria_(festival)) Feria d'Arles (/wiki/Feria_d%27Arles) Guanniu (/wiki/Guanniu) Jallikattu (/wiki/Jallikattu) Portuguese-style bullfighting (/wiki/Portuguese-style_bullfighting) Running of the bulls (/wiki/Running_of_the_bulls) Spanish-style bullfighting (/wiki/Spanish-style_bullfighting) Tōgyū (/wiki/T%C5%8Dgy%C5%AB) Toro de fuego (/wiki/Toro_de_fuego) Toro embolado (/wiki/Toro_embolado) Tourada à corda (/wiki/Tourada_%C3%A0_corda) Vaquejada (/wiki/Vaquejada) Sites Bullrings (/wiki/Bullring) by country Argentina (/wiki/Category:Bullrings_in_Argentina) Colombia (/wiki/Category:Bullrings_in_Colombia) Ecuador (/wiki/Category:Bullrings_in_Ecuador) France (/wiki/Category:Bullrings_in_France) Mexico (/wiki/Category:Bullrings_in_Mexico) Morocco (/wiki/Category:Bullrings_in_Morocco) Mozambique (/wiki/Category:Bullrings_in_Mozambique) Peru (/wiki/Category:Bullrings_in_Peru) Portugal (/wiki/Category:Bullrings_in_Portugal) Spain (/wiki/Category:Bullrings_in_Spain) Uruguay (/wiki/Category:Bullrings_in_Uruguay) Venezuela (/wiki/Category:Bullrings_in_Venezuela) Other venues Route of the Bull (/wiki/Route_of_the_Bull) Animals Bulls (/wiki/Bull) Got (/wiki/Got_(bull)) Islero (/wiki/Islero) Miura bull (/wiki/Miura_bull) Murciélago (/wiki/Murci%C3%A9lago) Spanish Fighting Bull (/wiki/Spanish_Fighting_Bull) Ratón (/wiki/Rat%C3%B3n) Horses Andalusian horse (/wiki/Andalusian_horse) Lusitano (/wiki/Lusitano) People Roles Alguacilillo (/wiki/Alguacilillo) Bullfighter (/wiki/Bullfighter) Forcado (/wiki/Forcado) Picador (/wiki/Picador) Rejoneador (/wiki/Rejoneador) Rodeo clown (/wiki/Rodeo_clown) Individual bullfighters By name List of bullfighters (/wiki/List_of_bullfighters) List of female bullfighters (/wiki/List_of_female_bullfighters) Ordóñez family (/wiki/Ord%C3%B3%C3%B1ez_(bullfighter_family)) Romero family (/wiki/Romero_(bullfighter_family)) By country American (/wiki/Category:American_bullfighters) British (/wiki/Category:British_bullfighters) Colombian (/wiki/Category:Colombian_bullfighters) French (/wiki/Category:French_bullfighters) Mexican (/wiki/Category:Mexican_bullfighters) Mozambican (/wiki/Category:Mozambican_bullfighters) Peruvian (/wiki/Category:Peruvian_bullfighters) Portuguese (/wiki/Category:Portuguese_bullfighters) Puerto Rican (/wiki/Category:Puerto_Rican_bullfighters) Romanian (/wiki/Category:Romanian_bullfighters) Spanish (/wiki/Category:Spanish_bullfighters) Equipment Estoc (/wiki/Estoc) Montera (/wiki/Montera) Muleta (/wiki/Muleta) Traje de luces Organizations Institutions California Academy of Tauromaquia (/wiki/California_Academy_of_Tauromaquia) Museo Municipal Taurino Francisco Montes (/wiki/Museo_Municipal_Taurino_Francisco_Montes) Anti-bullfighting (/wiki/Category:Criticisms_of_bullfighting) Animal Welfare Board of India (/wiki/Animal_Welfare_Board_of_India) AnimaNaturalis (/wiki/AnimaNaturalis) Anti-Bullfighting City (/wiki/Anti-Bullfighting_City) CAS International (/wiki/CAS_International) Equanimal (/wiki/Equanimal) People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) (/wiki/People_for_the_Ethical_Treatment_of_Animals) Media Films (/wiki/Category:Bullfighting_films) Books (/wiki/Category:Bullfighting_books) L'Écho taurin (/wiki/L%27%C3%89cho_taurin) Mexican Hayride (musical) (/wiki/Mexican_Hayride_(musical)) The Story of Ferdinand (/wiki/The_Story_of_Ferdinand) Ferdinand the Bull (film) (/wiki/Ferdinand_the_Bull_(film)) Ferdinand (film) (/wiki/Ferdinand_(film)) Related Bull wrestling (/wiki/Bull_wrestling) Bovine sports (/wiki/Bovine_sports) Bous al carrer (/wiki/Bous_al_carrer) Camel wrestling (/wiki/Camel_wrestling) Combat de Reines (/wiki/Combat_de_Reines) Rodeo (/wiki/Rodeo) Category (/wiki/Category:Bullfighting) Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bullfighting) Wiktionary (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Bullfighting) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐bmqzr Cached time: 20240720165047 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.521 seconds Real time usage: 0.651 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1565/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 63899/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 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Last edited by Eastmain (/wiki/User:Eastmain) 5 months ago. Reviewer: Inform author (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:148.75.245.100&action=edit&editintro=Template:AfC_submission/user_talk_editintro_declined&preload=Template:AfC_submission/user_talk_preload_declined&preloadtitle=Your+submission+at+%5B%5BWP%3AAfC%7CArticles+for+creation%5D%5D&section=new) . Resubmit Please note that if the issues are not fixed, the draft will be declined again. fashion brand References [ edit ] pxtherine is a luxury brand created by designer Nicole Hill. The brand is based in NYC. 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American hairdresser Mr. Kenneth Kenneth at work in 1962 Born Kenneth Everette Battelle ( 1927-04-19 ) April 19, 1927 [1] (#cite_note-1) Syracuse, New York (/wiki/Syracuse,_New_York) Died May 12, 2013 (2013-05-12) (aged 86) Wappingers Falls, New York (/wiki/Wappingers_Falls,_New_York) Nationality American Occupation Hairdresser Kenneth Everette Battelle (April 19, 1927 – May 12, 2013), more usually known as Mr. Kenneth , [2] (#cite_note-fire-2) was an American hairdresser from the 1950s until his death. [3] (#cite_note-reg-3) Sometimes described as the world's first celebrity hairdresser, [4] (#cite_note-reed-4) Kenneth achieved international fame for creating Jacqueline Kennedy (/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy_Onassis) 's bouffant (/wiki/Bouffant) in 1961. [5] (#cite_note-5) He counted Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe) , Audrey Hepburn (/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn) , and many of America's most high-profile socialites such as Brooke Astor (/wiki/Brooke_Astor) and Happy Rockefeller (/wiki/Happy_Rockefeller) among his clients. [4] (#cite_note-reed-4) In 1961 he became the first, and only, hairdresser to win a Coty Award (/wiki/Coty_Award) . [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) Early life and education [ edit ] Kenneth Everette Battelle was born in Syracuse, New York, the eldest son with four younger sisters. [7] (#cite_note-perutz-7) His father was a shoe salesman, who divorced his mother when Kenneth was 12, leaving their son to support his family through cooking and washing dishes, selling beer and working as an elevator operator (/wiki/Elevator_operator) . [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) Aged 17, he joined the navy for eighteen months, after which he studied liberal arts at Syracuse University (/wiki/Syracuse_University) for six months (which was all his G.I. Bill (/wiki/G.I._Bill) funding allowed for) before dropping out when the funds ran out. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) [7] (#cite_note-perutz-7) After seeing an advertisement for the Wanamaker Academy of Beauty in New York that promised graduates $100-a-week jobs, he studied there for 6 months, supporting himself by working for a restaurant and playing the piano in a local bar. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) [8] (#cite_note-ross-8) [9] (#cite_note-hail-9) After this, he studied further at the Marinello Academy of Beauty Culture in Syracuse, before finding a job at the Starlet Beauty Bar salon opposite the Greyhound bus station (/wiki/Greyhound_Lines) . [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) Hairdressing career up to 1963 [ edit ] Kenneth was at the Starlet Beauty Bar for four years, where he developed a well-received 1930s-inspired variation on the bob cut (/wiki/Bob_cut) called the 'club cut'. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) [8] (#cite_note-ross-8) After this, in October 1949, he went to Miami to work in a hotel salon. [8] (#cite_note-ross-8) On July 1, 1950, Kenneth moved to Manhattan (/wiki/Manhattan) , New York, where he was offered a job by Elizabeth Arden (/wiki/Elizabeth_Arden) in Lexington, Kentucky (/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky) . [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) Rather than move out of New York so soon after moving there, he went to Helena Rubinstein (/wiki/Helena_Rubinstein) at 52nd and Fifth (/wiki/52nd_Street_(Manhattan)) instead, for whom he worked for the next five years. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) [8] (#cite_note-ross-8) Helena Rubinstein [ edit ] While at Rubinstein, Kenneth styled the hair of models and individuals from the media, who Rubinstein insisted be coiffed for free in exchange for publicity and magazine credits. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) He first met Jacqueline Kennedy through Rubinstein in 1954, when the newly-wed Mrs. Kennedy dropped in to see her usual hairdresser, Lawrence, and found he was off work sick. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) Kenneth stepped in, and by suggesting his unknown-to-him client grow out her unflattering short, layered and curly "Italian cut" hairstyle, he and Kennedy embarked upon a successful client-and-stylist partnership. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) For Kennedy he had extra-large Lucite hair rollers (/wiki/Hair_roller) specially made in order to stretch out her hair and lengthen it, and give her a softer hairstyle, in stark contrast to the more typical heavily permed (/wiki/Perm_(hairstyle)) , lacklustre hairstyles many women were receiving, which Kenneth called "washed-and-ironed". [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) Rather than imitate these immobile coiffures, Kenneth wanted to give Kennedy and his other clients soft-looking, lustrous, full heads of hair that resembled fabric and reflected light, and that moved with the client's head yet fell back into shape. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) It was important to him that his clients should be able to wash their own hair and be able to maintain their appearance themselves. [9] (#cite_note-hail-9) After Helena Rubinstein, where Kenneth worked for five years, he went on to Lilly Daché (/wiki/Lilly_Dach%C3%A9) 's nine-story hatmaking (/wiki/Hatmaking) emporium on 56th Street. [8] (#cite_note-ross-8) Lilly Daché [ edit ] One of the leading milliners of New York, Daché had realised that hats were going out of fashion, and had added an extravagant pink-and-white salon to her building in order to attract a different type of customer. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) Kenneth was employed to head up the salon, which became the most important hairdressing venue in New York. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) Among the clients who came to Lilly Daché for hairdos were Lucille Ball (/wiki/Lucille_Ball) , who called Kenneth "God", [10] (#cite_note-10) and the actress Kay Kendall (/wiki/Kay_Kendall) , who in 1957, was steered towards Kenneth by Lilly Daché's house model (/wiki/House_model) , Gillis McGil. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) Kenneth rescued her overdyed red hair, which Kendall said made her "look like Danny Kaye (/wiki/Danny_Kaye) in drag", cutting it short and tinting it back to the original color, creating a coiffure that became an international sensation, with many women queueing outside the salon to have their hair done the same way. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) The next year, in 1958, the couturier Norman Norell (/wiki/Norman_Norell) sent Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe) along to see Kenneth after she complained that excessive bleaching and perming was making her hair fall out. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) Kenneth softened, smoothed and straightened Monroe's hair, [4] (#cite_note-reed-4) and became her hairdresser of choice while she lived in New York, plus travelled with her to Chicago for the Some Like It Hot (/wiki/Some_Like_It_Hot) premiere in March 1959. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) He became a close friend of Monroe's. [11] (#cite_note-11) Jacqueline Kennedy, November 1963 "Secretary of Grooming" to the Kennedy administration [ edit ] Among Kenneth's regular clients was Karlys Daly Brown, the beauty editor for Glamour (/wiki/Glamour_(magazine)) , who in 1961 commissioned Kenneth to write articles on how women could care for their own hair, and uniquely for a hairdresser, featured him on Glamour' s front cover. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) [9] (#cite_note-hail-9) The idea that a hairdresser would write how-to articles was quite controversial at the time, with his colleagues saying he would destroy their business. [9] (#cite_note-hail-9) In addition, since the inauguration of John F. Kennedy (/wiki/John_F._Kennedy) on January 20, 1961, Kenneth had been "Secretary of Grooming" to the Kennedy administration. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) This made him a household name, [4] (#cite_note-reed-4) and a recognizable celebrity whose name on magazine covers ensured a boost in sales. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) His hairstyles were a key part of Jacqueline Kennedy's look, with judicious use of hairspray to ensure that her hair did not readily blow out of position, but just enough loose tendrils to avoid a wholly immobile look. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) Jacqueline's hairstyle was described as a "grown-up exaggeration of little girls' hair", and cited as evidence for Kenneth having "killed off the hat". [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) It was Kenneth who cut and styled Kennedy's hair just before the assassination of John F. Kennedy (/wiki/Assassination_of_John_F._Kennedy) on November 22, 1963. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) In 1963 Kenneth left Lilly Daché and opened his own salon at 19 East 54th Street (/wiki/19_East_54th_Street) . [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) 1963-1990 [ edit ] In 1962 Kenneth found his ideal backer in the form of the Glemby Company, who were a salon-and-beauty-supply firm, [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) and took out the lease on 19 East 54th Street. [12] (#cite_note-davis-12) The salon, simply known as Kenneth, officially opened on March 4, 1963. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) The interior, which was richly decorated throughout with flowered carpet and red-and-yellow paisley pattern (/wiki/Paisley_(design)) fabrics, [12] (#cite_note-davis-12) was a rare commercial project undertaken by the interior decorator Billy Baldwin (/wiki/Billy_Baldwin_(decorator)) , who was told to create a circus atmosphere with patterns upon patterns. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) Designed for maximum pampering, clients (who might have waited up to three months for an appointment) would find a wig boutique, special cold storage for fur coats, massage rooms, steam baths and waxing chambers, whirlpool spas and a Pilates (/wiki/Pilates) studio, in addition to special rooms for washing, drying, and styling hair. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) [12] (#cite_note-davis-12) In addition to these amenities, clients could have manicures and pedicures while being served lunch or tea, and a Mercedes car was on call to bring clients to the salon or take them home afterwards. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) Some women would drop in simply for lunch, or to sit and leaf through magazines while enjoying the relaxed, club-like atmosphere. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) For a while Kenneth enjoyed the celebrity lifestyle, being considered equivalent to an A-list (/wiki/A-list) celebrity, although he was always discreet about his many celebrity clients and any revelations they may have made. [9] (#cite_note-hail-9) In an interview with Vanity Fair (/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)) in 2003, Kenneth stated that although he used to enjoy attending social events, a headline in a mid-1960s issue of the New York Journal-American (/wiki/New_York_Journal-American) reading "Pickle Queen goes to Yacht Party With Hairdresser" upset him and led to his decision to avoid going out with his clients again. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) In 1974 he opened a second salon in Atlanta which was patronised by Rosalynn Carter (/wiki/Rosalynn_Carter) , among others. [9] (#cite_note-hail-9) In 1986, Thomas Morrissey, Kenneth's colorist, opened his own salon, taking with him many members of Kenneth's staff as well as some of his clients, including Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis. [13] (#cite_note-dull-13) Despite this, clients such as Grace Mirabella (/wiki/Grace_Mirabella) and Kitty D'Alessio, the President of Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) , remained loyal to Kenneth. [13] (#cite_note-dull-13) Kenneth's New York salon was destroyed by fire on May 16, 1990. [2] (#cite_note-fire-2) After 1990 [ edit ] Following the fire, despite hoping to rebuild the business, Kenneth was evicted from his old salon due to a fire-or-earthquake clause held by his landlords. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) In addition to this, it emerged that the company was not an S corporation (/wiki/S_corporation) , meaning he would have had to pay both personal and corporate tax on any insurance money, effectively cancelling out any reimbursement. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) Kenneth rented six chairs in a beauty parlor in the Helmsley Palace Hotel (/wiki/The_New_York_Palace_Hotel) for two years, followed by one third of his staff, and after two years, relocated to the Waldorf-Astoria hotel (/wiki/Waldorf-Astoria_hotel) . [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) Although on a much smaller scale than the original salon, the Waldorf-Astoria establishment retained many of the pampering touches such as finger sandwiches for clients and free bottles of nail polish to accompany manicures. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) In 2002 Kenneth chose Kevin Lee, employed as a stylist since 1987, to be his creative director and regenerate the salon to attract a younger clientele. [6] (#cite_note-vf-6) Lee maintains the Kenneth tradition of offering hairstyles that clients can maintain themselves. [14] (#cite_note-14) While Lee manages the salon, Kenneth was still doing haircuts in 2008. [15] (#cite_note-15) Kenneth died on May 12, 2013, at his home in Wappingers Falls, New York (/wiki/Wappingers_Falls,_New_York) . He was 86. [16] (#cite_note-16) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Holmes, Mary Burt (April 20, 1961). "Hairdresser Counts the Famous Among His Clients; Kenneth Is Called One of Best Stylists in New York Ability to 'Handle' Hair Brings Praise of Fashion Editor" (https://www.nytimes.com/1961/04/20/archives/hairdresser-counts-the-famous-among-his-clients-kenneth-is-called.html) . New York Times . Retrieved May 14, 2013 . He is Kenneth of Lilly Dache, who celebrated his thirty-fourth birthday yesterday ^ Jump up to: a b Dullea, Georgia (May 17, 1990). "Fire Destroys the Fashionable Kenneth Salon" (https://www.nytimes.com/1990/05/17/nyregion/fire-destroys-the-fashionable-kenneth-salon.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved December 3, 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-reg_3-0) Amory, Cleveland and Blackwell, Amory, Cleveland and Earl (1973). Celebrity Register, Volume 3 . New York: Simon and Schuster. p. 268. {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list) ) ^ Jump up to: a b c d Reed, Paula (2012). Fifty Fashion Looks that Changed the 1960s . Design Museum, London: Hachette UK. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1840916171 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Wong, Aliza Z. (2010). Julie Willett (ed.). The American beauty industry encyclopedia: Hairstylists, Celebrity . Santa Barbara, Calif.: Greenwood. pp. 151–154. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780313359491 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al Collins, Amy Fine (June 1, 2003). "It had to be Kenneth.(hairstylist Kenneth Battelle)(Interview)" (http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-7037828_ITM) . Vanity Fair . Retrieved December 3, 2012 . ^ Jump up to: a b Perutz, Kathrin (1970). Beyond the looking glass; America's beauty culture . New York: William Morrow. pp. 93 (https://archive.org/details/beyondlookinggla00perurich/page/93) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9997500504 . Born Kenneth Battelle in Syracuse, New York, he spent eighteen months in the navy, then attended Syracuse University to study liberal arts. He left for lack of money— his mother was divorced and there were four younger sisters to support. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Ross, Lillian (May 13, 1961). "The Talk of the Town: Mr. Kenneth" (http://www.newyorker.com/archive/1961/05/13/1961_05_13_033_TNY_CARDS_000268530) . The New Yorker . Retrieved December 3, 2012 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Moore, Sally (October 31, 1977). "Hail, Mr. Kenneth: He Still Rules the Waves with a Business That Tops $2 Million" (http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20069422,00.html) . The People . Retrieved December 3, 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Aronson, Steven M.L. (1983). Hype (1st ed.). New York: Morrow. p. 104. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0688012280 . Retrieved December 5, 2012 . We refuse to let Kenneth just do his job; we insist on transforming him into the God that Lucille Ball so antically invoked. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Marshall, David (2009). Life among the cannibals : the life and times of Marilyn Monroe 1962 - 2003 . [S.l.]: Luniverse Inc. p. 116. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781440129421 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Davis, Deborah (2006). Party of the century the fabulous story of Truman Capote and his black and white ball . Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780470893579 . ^ Jump up to: a b Dullea, Georgia (October 29, 1986). "Bulletin: Jackie O. Deserts Kenneth" (http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1986-10-29/entertainment/8603210482_1_salon-beauty-mrs-onassis) . Chicago Tribune . Retrieved December 4, 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Courtney (November 7, 2006). "Hair Matters at the Waldorf Astoria" (http://www.hotelchatter.com/story/2006/11/7/11486/8457/hotels/Hair_Matters_at_the_Waldorf_Astoria) . Hotel Chatter . Retrieved December 4, 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Larocca, Amy (2008). "Big Hair" (http://nymag.com/nymetro/shopping/beauty/features/n_9927/) . NYMag,com . pp. 2–3 . Retrieved December 4, 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Martin, Douglas (May 13, 2013). "Kenneth Battelle, 86, Hairdresser to the Stars, Dies" (https://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/14/nyregion/kenneth-battelle-hairdresser-to-the-stars-dies-at-86.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved July 26, 2013 . 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United Kingdom portal (/wiki/Portal:United_Kingdom) Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fashion of the United Kingdom (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fashion_of_the_United_Kingdom) . Modern (/wiki/Contemporary_history) British fashion . Traditional (/wiki/Traditional) and historic (/wiki/Historic) British (/wiki/United_Kingdom) clothing is listed under the category British clothing (/wiki/Category:British_clothing) . 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 14 subcategories, out of 14 total. English fashion (/wiki/Category:English_fashion) ‎ (6 C, 17 P) Scottish fashion (/wiki/Category:Scottish_fashion) ‎ (6 C, 4 P) Welsh fashion (/wiki/Category:Welsh_fashion) ‎ (4 C) + British fashion designers (/wiki/Category:British_fashion_designers) ‎ (6 C, 167 P) B Clothing brands of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_of_the_United_Kingdom) ‎ (1 C, 128 P) Britain's Next Top Model (/wiki/Category:Britain%27s_Next_Top_Model) ‎ (1 C, 13 P) British businesspeople in fashion (/wiki/Category:British_businesspeople_in_fashion) ‎ (4 C, 13 P) British royal attire (/wiki/Category:British_royal_attire) ‎ (1 C, 40 P) C Clothing companies of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_Kingdom) ‎ (6 C, 54 P) E Fashion events in the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Fashion_events_in_the_United_Kingdom) ‎ (1 C, 5 P) F Films about fashion in the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Films_about_fashion_in_the_United_Kingdom) ‎ (11 P) M Fashion magazines published in the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Fashion_magazines_published_in_the_United_Kingdom) ‎ (1 C, 46 P) Fashion museums in the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Fashion_museums_in_the_United_Kingdom) ‎ (2 C, 29 P) S Fashion schools in the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Fashion_schools_in_the_United_Kingdom) ‎ (1 C, 3 P) Pages in category "British fashion" The following 57 pages are in this category, out of 57 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A All Walks Beyond the Catwalk (/wiki/All_Walks_Beyond_the_Catwalk) Anthony Eden hat (/wiki/Anthony_Eden_hat) Armadillo shoe (/wiki/Armadillo_shoe) ASBO Teen to Beauty Queen (/wiki/ASBO_Teen_to_Beauty_Queen) B The Birds (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/The_Birds_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) Body piercing regulation in the UK (/wiki/Body_piercing_regulation_in_the_UK) British Fashion Council (/wiki/British_Fashion_Council) British School of Fashion (/wiki/British_School_of_Fashion) C CC41 (/wiki/CC41) D The Dance of the Twisted Bull (/wiki/The_Dance_of_the_Twisted_Bull) Dante (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/Dante_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) Donkey jacket (/wiki/Donkey_jacket) Dress of the Year (/wiki/Dress_of_the_Year) E Eye (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/Eye_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) F The Face (British TV series) (/wiki/The_Face_(British_TV_series)) The Fashion Awards (/wiki/The_Fashion_Awards) Fashion Babylon (/wiki/Fashion_Babylon) Fashion East (/wiki/Fashion_East) Fashion of Catherine, Princess of Wales (/wiki/Fashion_of_Catherine,_Princess_of_Wales) Fashion of Diana, Princess of Wales (/wiki/Fashion_of_Diana,_Princess_of_Wales) G The Girl Who Lived in the Tree (/wiki/The_Girl_Who_Lived_in_the_Tree) Gossard (/wiki/Gossard) H Harrington jacket (/wiki/Harrington_jacket) Highland Rape (/wiki/Highland_Rape) Alan Holston (/wiki/Alan_Holston) Freddie Hornik (/wiki/Freddie_Hornik) How to Look Good Naked (/wiki/How_to_Look_Good_Naked) The Hunger (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/The_Hunger_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) I Illusion of Kate Moss (/wiki/Illusion_of_Kate_Moss) Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers (/wiki/Incorporated_Society_of_London_Fashion_Designers) Irere (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/Irere_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) It's a Jungle Out There (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/It%27s_a_Jungle_Out_There_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) J Jack the Ripper Stalks His Victims (/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper_Stalks_His_Victims) Joan (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/Joan_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) L List of British Vogue cover models (/wiki/List_of_British_Vogue_cover_models) M Make Me a Supermodel (British TV series) (/wiki/Make_Me_a_Supermodel_(British_TV_series)) Men's Dress Reform Party (/wiki/Men%27s_Dress_Reform_Party) Mullet (haircut) (/wiki/Mullet_(haircut)) N Neptune (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/Neptune_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) New bespoke movement (/wiki/New_bespoke_movement) Nihilism (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/Nihilism_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) No. 13 Finale (/wiki/No._13_Finale) O The Overlook (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/The_Overlook_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) Oyster dress (/wiki/Oyster_dress) P Pantheon ad Lucem (/wiki/Pantheon_ad_Lucem) Project Catwalk (/wiki/Project_Catwalk) R Zanna Roberts Rassi (/wiki/Zanna_Roberts_Rassi) S Signed by Katie Price (/wiki/Signed_by_Katie_Price) Harris Sumrie (/wiki/Harris_Sumrie) T Taxi Driver (Alexander McQueen collection) (/wiki/Taxi_Driver_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) Trinny & Susannah Undress... (/wiki/Trinny_%26_Susannah_Undress...) U UK Lingerie Awards (/wiki/UK_Lingerie_Awards) Union Jack dress (/wiki/Union_Jack_dress) W Warm & Wonderful (/wiki/Warm_%26_Wonderful) What Not to Wear (British TV series) (/wiki/What_Not_to_Wear_(British_TV_series)) The Widows of Culloden (/wiki/The_Widows_of_Culloden) Annette Worsley-Taylor (/wiki/Annette_Worsley-Taylor) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:British_fashion&oldid=1203298204 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:British_fashion&oldid=1203298204) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Fashion by country (/wiki/Category:Fashion_by_country) Culture of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Culture_of_the_United_Kingdom) British design (/wiki/Category:British_design) Hidden category: Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata)
American shoe retailer WSS , formerly known as Warehouse Shoe Sale, is a national retail (/wiki/Retail) chain of shoe (/wiki/Shoe) stores headquartered in Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) , California (/wiki/California) , with 92 retail outlets as of January 2020. [1] (#cite_note-1) Its parent company is Eurostar, Inc. [2] (#cite_note-Bloomberg-2) The company now known as WSS traces its roots to 1977 when Eric Alon first sold shoes at a swap meet. The first brick & mortar store opened in 1984 and as of 2018, Alon was still with the company in an executive and ownership role. WSS primarily serves the urban and Latino (/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans) communities, which has been a large reason for their growth. [3] (#cite_note-swap-3) In 2015 to celebrate their 30th anniversary, they opened a new flagship in Downtown LA. [4] (#cite_note-dtla-4) As of August 2, 2021, Foot Locker (/wiki/Foot_Locker) purchased WSS for $750 million. [5] (#cite_note-fwn-5) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "About Us" (http://www.shopwss.com/about/) . ShopWSS.com . Retrieved 12 July 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-Bloomberg_2-0) "Eurostar, Inc" (https://archive.today/20140812161013/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=4279898) . Bloomberg Businessweek . Archived from the original (http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=4279898) on August 12, 2014 . Retrieved 12 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-swap_3-0) White, Ronald D. (3 August 2018). "From swap meets to the fast track: WSS thrives by focusing on selling sneakers in urban neighborhoods" (https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-wss-stores-20180803-story.html) . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 30 March 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-dtla_4-0) Alcala, Natalie (27 April 2015). "Downtown LA's Massive WSS Flagship Opens In Just a Few Weeks" (https://la.racked.com/2015/4/27/8499131/wss-dtla) . Racked LA . Retrieved 30 March 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-fwn_5-0) Verry, Peter (2 August 2021). "Foot Locker Is Acquiring WSS and Atmos for $1.1 Billion as Athletic Retail Deals Heat Up" (https://footwearnews.com/2021/business/mergers-acquisitions/foot-locker-acquires-wss-atmos-1-1-billion-1203164853/) . Footwear News . Retrieved 6 August 2021 . External links [ edit ] WSS Official Website (http://www.shopwss.com/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐65846bb58f‐zfzbr Cached time: 20240627122040 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.143 seconds Real time usage: 0.194 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 409/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 9235/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 400/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 19108/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.094/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4216684/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 183.388 1 -total 62.49% 114.601 1 Template:Reflist 45.74% 83.874 2 Template:Cite_web 35.89% 65.818 1 Template:Short_description 22.20% 40.705 2 Template:Pagetype 7.60% 13.932 3 Template:Main_other 7.40% 13.574 3 Template:Cite_news 6.50% 11.918 1 Template:SDcat 1.12% 2.063 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:22299089-0!canonical and timestamp 20240627122040 and revision id 1174637681. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Warehouse_Shoe_Sale&oldid=1174637681 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Warehouse_Shoe_Sale&oldid=1174637681) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Foot Locker (/wiki/Category:Foot_Locker) Shoe companies of the United States (/wiki/Category:Shoe_companies_of_the_United_States) American companies established in 1984 (/wiki/Category:American_companies_established_in_1984) Retail companies established in 1984 (/wiki/Category:Retail_companies_established_in_1984) 2021 mergers and acquisitions (/wiki/Category:2021_mergers_and_acquisitions) Footwear retailers of the United States (/wiki/Category:Footwear_retailers_of_the_United_States) Companies based in Los Angeles (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Los_Angeles) 1984 establishments in California (/wiki/Category:1984_establishments_in_California) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata)
Australian Maternity clothing brand Cake Maternity Company type Private Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) , Clothing (/wiki/Clothing) , Lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) Founded 2008 Headquarters Sydney , Australia Key people Tracey Montford Products Maternity (/wiki/Maternity) Brands Cake Maternity, Rosewater & CupCake Website cakematernity.com (https://www.cakematernity.com) Cake Maternity is an Australia-based maternity (/wiki/Maternity) clothing brand, which specialises in nursing bras and other maternity products. Their products are designed to provide femininity like in mainstream lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) and other clothing items, with the function required in maternity (/wiki/Maternity) related products. Cake Maternity was awarded the best UK Maternity brand in 2011 at the UK Lingerie Awards (/wiki/UK_Lingerie_Awards) in Mayfair, London (/wiki/Mayfair,_London) . History [ edit ] Tracey Montford founded the company in 2008, following a pregnancy of her own. She felt that maternity (/wiki/Maternity) bras that were available at the time were often poorly designed and had poor features. [1] (#cite_note-1) After researching the market, Montford created a range of maternity bras, before expanding into other maternity fields. [2] (#cite_note-morningshow-2) In 2012, the company founder was interviewed on The Morning Show (/wiki/The_Morning_Show_(TV_program)) on the Seven Network (/wiki/Seven_Network) in Australia (/wiki/Australia) . Company founder Montford said during the interview that she focused on three areas when she started the brand. She wanted comfortable and attractive clothing that was also practical. [2] (#cite_note-morningshow-2) Cake Lingerie in 2014 won the Best Maternity Lingerie Brand at the Junior Design Awards, which was hosted by Junior Magazine. [3] (#cite_note-3) In February 2015, a Cake Maternity model featured on the cover of Creations Lingerie magazine in their February/March edition of the magazine. [4] (#cite_note-4) The edition went on to question why so few mainstream retailers carried maternity lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) . [5] (#cite_note-5) During the same month, the company featured on the front page of the British magazine, Gurgle (/wiki/Gurgle) . [6] (#cite_note-6) Products [ edit ] The company offers a range of products from maternity lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) , essential maternity items to maternity nightwear. Made for Mums in 2010 stated that their bras (/wiki/Bra) were one of the 10 of the best products for breastfeeding (/wiki/Breastfeeding) . [7] (#cite_note-7) The bras featured on The Morning Show (/wiki/The_Morning_Show_(TV_program)) were part of the My Bust range of nursing bras, stating that the bras are designed differently, depending on the cup size (/wiki/Bra) of the woman wearing the bra. The B to D Cup (/wiki/Brassiere_measurement) is designed in a plunge style and the D to G cup (/wiki/Brassiere_measurement) bra is designed in a balcony style. [2] (#cite_note-morningshow-2) The products demonstrated on the show were nursing bras (/wiki/Maternity) with drop down cups and extra sling extra support. It was also stated that all bras come with a number of hooks and eyes, allowing the bra to be adapted during a pregnancy as the woman's stomach grows. [2] (#cite_note-morningshow-2) Cake Maternity also produces a range of nightwear clothing. The nightwear tops provide drop down cups from the straps for added functionality. [2] (#cite_note-morningshow-2) Cupcake Nursing Pads (/wiki/Nursing_pads) were first introduced in 2014. Omaha Family Magazine stated that the Cupcake Nursing Pads (/wiki/Nursing_pads) were the only nursing pads (/wiki/Nursing_pads) on the market that were adaptable for low, medium and heavy milk flow absorption. [8] (#cite_note-8) This can be achieved by adding in or removing liners. UK Lingerie Awards [ edit ] The company's most notable achievement came in 2011, when they were part of the inaugural UK Lingerie Awards (/wiki/UK_Lingerie_Awards) . The event was held in Mayfair, London (/wiki/Mayfair,_London) . [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) The company went on to win the award for best maternity lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) brand. [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) Cake Maternity went on to be finalists in the same category for the following three years in 2012, [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) 2013 [15] (#cite_note-15) and 2014 at the awards. [16] (#cite_note-16) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Bird, Debbie (October 21, 2014). "We meet up with Tracey Montford from Cake Lingerie" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150321064005/http://babyworld.co.uk/2014/10/we-meet-up-with-tracey-montford-from-cake-lingerie/) . Baby World. Archived from the original (http://babyworld.co.uk/2014/10/we-meet-up-with-tracey-montford-from-cake-lingerie/) on 2015-03-21 . Retrieved 2015-03-24 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Cake Maternity on The Morning Show" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dWx_qOve5MQ) . The Morning Show (TV program) (/wiki/The_Morning_Show_(TV_program)) . 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Hudson, Catherine (7 November 2014). "Cake Lingerie: Best Maternity Lingerie Brand, Junior Design Awards 2014 Winner" (http://www.juniormagazine.co.uk/fashion-awards/cake-lingerie-best-maternity-lingerie-brand-junior-design-awards-2014-winner/18830.html) . Junior Magazine. ^ (#cite_ref-4) "CLNA #9 – February / March 2015" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150325162917/http://creationslingerie.com/digital-edition/) . Creations Lingerie (North America). p. 1. Archived from the original (http://creationslingerie.com/digital-edition/) on 2015-03-25 . Retrieved 2015-03-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "CLNA #9 – February / March 2015" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150325162917/http://creationslingerie.com/digital-edition/) . Creations Lingerie (North America). p. 38. Archived from the original (http://creationslingerie.com/digital-edition/) on 2015-03-25 . Retrieved 2015-03-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Cake Maternity in Gurgle" (https://proudhappymama.com/best-bras-for-post-breastfeeding/) . No. 172. Gurgle (/wiki/Gurgle) . February 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-7) Kempster-Roberts, Cassandra. "10 of the best products for breastfeeding" (http://www.madeformums.com/baby/10-of-the-best-products-for-breastfeeding/5271.html) . Made for Mums. ^ (#cite_ref-8) Kruger, Carolyn (November 2014). "Cupcake Nursing Pads" (http://parentsavvy.com/articles-and-blog/320/) . Omaha Family Magazine. ^ (#cite_ref-9) "UK Lingerie Awards celebrates the best of 2011" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110924044754/http://www.lingerieinsight.com/article-1230-uk-lingerie-awards-celebrates-the-best-of-2011/) . Lingerieinsight.com. 2011-09-08. Archived from the original (http://www.lingerieinsight.com/article-1230-uk-lingerie-awards-celebrates-the-best-of-2011/) on 2011-09-24 . Retrieved 2012-09-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "One Mayfair – A 'One Events' Venue - About Us" (http://www.onemayfair.com/about.php) . Onemayfair.com. 2012-07-18 . Retrieved 2012-09-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "UK Lingerie Awards Recap and Winners – The Lingerie Journal: Lingerie News, Lingerie Trends and Expert Advice for Lingerie Retailers" (http://thelingeriejournal.com/uk-lingerie-awards-recap-and-winners) . Thelingeriejournal.com. 2011-09-14 . Retrieved 2012-09-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "UK Lingerie Awards: finalists released this week | Invest In Your Chest – A Lingerie Blog" (http://www.investinyourchest.co.uk/uk-lingerie-awards-finalists-released-this-week) . Investinyourchest.co.uk. 2011-07-27 . Retrieved 2012-09-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "uk lingerie awards | Special Reports" (https://web.archive.org/web/20131029192854/http://www.lingerieinsight.com/special-reports/uk-lingerie-awards/0/) . Lingerieinsight.com. Archived from the original (http://www.lingerieinsight.com/special-reports/uk-lingerie-awards/0/) on 2013-10-29 . Retrieved 2012-09-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "uk lingerie awards | Special Reports" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120721053232/http://www.lingerieinsight.com/special-reports/uk-lingerie-awards/15/) . Lingerieinsight.com. Archived from the original (http://www.lingerieinsight.com/special-reports/uk-lingerie-awards/15/) on 2012-07-21 . Retrieved 2012-09-27 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Taylor, Rachel (December 4, 2013). "Winners of the UK Lingerie Awards 2013 revealed" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140207223738/http://www.lingerieinsight.com/article-4440-winners-of-the-uk-lingerie-awards-2013-revealed/) . Lingerie Insight. Archived from the original (http://www.lingerieinsight.com/article-4440-winners-of-the-uk-lingerie-awards-2013-revealed/) on 2014-02-07 . Retrieved 2015-03-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "UK Lingerie Awards 2014: the finalists" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150403085124/http://www.uklingerieawards.com/2014-finalists/) . uklingerieawards.com. 2014-12-03. Archived from the original (http://www.uklingerieawards.com/2014-finalists/) on 2015-04-03 . Retrieved 2015-03-24 . v t e Lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) Upper torso Types (/wiki/List_of_bra_designs) of bras (/wiki/Bra) History (/wiki/History_of_bras) Bandeau (/wiki/Bandeau) Bralette (/wiki/Bralette) Nursing bra (/wiki/Nursing_bra) Sports bra (/wiki/Sports_bra) Training bra (/wiki/Training_bra) Underwire bra (/wiki/Underwire_bra) Male bra (/wiki/Male_bra) Other garments Babydoll (/wiki/Babydoll) Bustier (/wiki/Bustier) Camisole (/wiki/Camisole) Dudou (/wiki/Dudou) Negligee (/wiki/Negligee) Nightgown (/wiki/Nightgown) Torsolette (/wiki/Torsolette) Yếm (/wiki/Y%E1%BA%BFm) Lower torso Bikini (/wiki/Bikini) Boyshorts (/wiki/Boyshorts) French knickers (/wiki/French_knickers) Fundoshi (/wiki/Fundoshi) Girdle (/wiki/Girdle_(undergarment)) Girl boxers (/wiki/Girl_boxers) Panties (/wiki/Panties) Period underwear (/wiki/Period_underwear) Tanga (/wiki/Thong) Tap pants (/wiki/Tap_pants) Thong (/wiki/Thong) ( G-string (/wiki/G-string) ) Bloomers (/wiki/Bloomers) Full torso Bodice (/wiki/Bodice) Corset (/wiki/Corset) Corselet (/wiki/Corselet) Foundation garment (/wiki/Foundation_garment) Nightshirt (/wiki/Nightshirt) Playsuit (/wiki/Playsuit_(lingerie)) Slip (/wiki/Slip_(clothing)) Teddy (/wiki/Teddy_(garment)) Hosiery (/wiki/Hosiery) Bodystocking (/wiki/Bodystocking) Garter (/wiki/Garter) Hold-ups (/wiki/Hold-ups) Knee highs (/wiki/Knee_highs) Pantyhose (/wiki/Pantyhose) Stocking (/wiki/Stocking) Tights (/wiki/Tights) Historical Basque (/wiki/Basque_(clothing)) Boudoir cap (/wiki/Boudoir_cap) Bustle (/wiki/Bustle) Chemise (/wiki/Chemise) Crinoline (/wiki/Crinoline) Farthingale (/wiki/Farthingale) Hoop skirt (/wiki/Hoop_skirt) Liberty bodice (/wiki/Liberty_bodice) Pannier (/wiki/Pannier_(clothing)) Pantalettes (/wiki/Pantalettes) Petticoat (/wiki/Petticoat) Pettipants (/wiki/Pettipants) Waist cincher (/wiki/Waist_cincher) Accessories Falsies (/wiki/Falsies) Lingerie tape (/wiki/Lingerie_tape) Brands List of lingerie brands (/wiki/List_of_lingerie_brands) Retail Bras N Things (/wiki/Bras_N_Things) Cosmo Lady (/wiki/Cosmo_Lady) Figleaves (/wiki/Figleaves) HerRoom (/wiki/HerRoom) Journelle (/wiki/Journelle) True & Co. (/wiki/True_%26_Co.) 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Vogue Ukraine Editor-In-Chief Vena Brykalin Categories Fashion Frequency Monthly Publisher Condé Nast (/wiki/Cond%C3%A9_Nast_Publications) Founded 2013 ; 11 years ago ( 2013 ) [1] (#cite_note-1) Company Media Group Ukraine (/wiki/Media_Group_Ukraine) Country Ukraine Based in Kyiv (/wiki/Kyiv) Language Ukrainian (/wiki/Ukrainian_language) Website vogue.ua (http://www.vogue.ua/) Vogue Ukraine (or Vogue Україна in Ukrainian) is the Ukrainian (/wiki/Ukraine) edition of the American fashion (/wiki/Fashion) and lifestyle (/wiki/Lifestyle_(sociology)) monthly magazine Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) . The magazine has been published since March 2013, becoming the twenty-first local edition of Vogue . [2] (#cite_note-2) Publication history [ edit ] In June 2012, it was announced that the Ukrainian edition of Vogue was in preparation, with Masha Tsukanova as editor-in-chief. [3] (#cite_note-3) Vogue Ukraine launched in March 2013 is published in partnership with Media Group Ukraine (/wiki/Media_Group_Ukraine) . [4] (#cite_note-4) Magazine has become known worldwide as an artistic edition with its own visual identity. Vogue Ukraine is a multi-media brand including monthly printed magazine and supplements with pdf version as well as digital platform vogue.ua with highest level of readers engagement at social medias and YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) channels. Editor-in-Chief [ edit ] Masha Tsukanova (2013–2016) Olha Sushko (2016–2018) Philipp Vlasov (2019–2023) [5] (#cite_note-5) Vena Brykalin (2023-present) [6] (#cite_note-6) Content [ edit ] In October 2018, The Calvert Journal (/wiki/The_Calvert_Journal) named the best Vogue Ukraine cover in the magazine’s five-year history: Among the imagery produced during the five-year history of Vogue Ukraine , it’s the January 2018 cover which perhaps stands out the most. It features the South Sudanese-British model Alek Wek (/wiki/Alek_Wek) (her first-ever solo Vogue cover) shot on an LA beach by Alexander Saladrigas. Wek is wearing a voluminous yellow puffer jacket and glistering turquoise tights-boots, head-to-toe Balenciaga (/wiki/Balenciaga) . The image is striking: partly due to the surreal mismatch of the outfit and the settings — palm trees and pale golden sand more suited to surfers and LA-natives on a leisurely stroll — but also because of the cutting-edge idea of beauty it projects. [7] (#cite_note-7) The December 2019 issue of the Ukrainian edition of Vogue unveils a project starring Olena Zelenska (/wiki/Olena_Zelenska) , the country’s First Lady. The photo shoot featuring an international team translated into a full-fledged magazine story with the heroine telling about her life in the new capacity, new obligations and opportunities, and fashion as a tool of cultural diplomacy, according to Kyiv Post (/wiki/Kyiv_Post) . [8] (#cite_note-8) See also [ edit ] List of (/wiki/List_of_Vogue_Ukraine_cover_models) Vogue Ukraine cover models (/wiki/List_of_Vogue_Ukraine_cover_models) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Vogue Ukraine" (http://www.condenastinternational.com/country/ukraine/vogue/) . Condé Nast International. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Condé Nast International | Ukraine | Vogue" (http://www.condenastinternational.com/country/poland/vogue/) . www.condenastinternational.com . Retrieved 2013-03-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Nina Jones (11 June 2012). "Vogue to Launch Ukraine Edition" (https://wwd.com/business-news/media/vogue-to-launch-ukraine-edition-5953880/) . Women's Wear Daily . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Eric Wilson (11 March 2013). "Ukraine Gets Its Own Vogue" (https://runway.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/03/11/ukraine-gets-its-own-vogue/) . The New York Times . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Philipp Vlasov – new Editor-in-Chief of VOGUE UA" (http://mgukraine.com/en/press-center/news/view/525--filip-vlasovnovij-golovnij-redaktor-vogue-ua) . 17 December 2018 . Retrieved 11 March 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Login • Instagram" (https://www.instagram.com/accounts/login/?next=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.instagram.com%2Fp%2FCteeXcYoW0U%2F%3Futm_source%3Dig_web_copy_link%26igshid%3DMzRlODBiNWFlZA%253D%253D) . www.instagram.com . Retrieved 2023-06-15 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : Cite uses generic title ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_title) ) ^ (#cite_ref-7) Anastasiia Fedorova (26 October 2018). "Vogue Ukraine is shaping the future of fashion in Eastern Europe. What's the secret of its success?" (https://www.calvertjournal.com/features/show/10750/vogue-magazines-eastern-europe-fashion-future) . The Calvert Journal . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Toma Istomina (11 November 2019). "Ukraine's first lady shines on Vogue cover" (https://www.kyivpost.com/lifestyle/ukraines-first-lady-shines-on-vogue-cover.html) . Kyiv Post . External links [ edit ] Vogue Ukraine (in Ukrainian) Vogue Ukraine – magazine profile at Fashion Model Directory (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) v t e Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) magazines Country editions Adria (/wiki/Vogue_Adria) Arabia (/wiki/Vogue_Arabia) Australia (/wiki/Vogue_Australia) Brazil China (/wiki/Vogue_China) Czechoslovakia France (/wiki/Vogue_France) India (/wiki/Vogue_India) Germany Greece Hong Kong Italy (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) Japan Korea Latin America (/wiki/Vogue_M%C3%A9xico_y_Latinoam%C3%A9rica) Mexico (/wiki/Vogue_M%C3%A9xico_y_Latinoam%C3%A9rica) Netherlands (/wiki/Vogue_Nederland) Philippines Poland (/wiki/Vogue_Poland) Portugal Scandinavia (/wiki/Vogue_Scandinavia) Singapore (/wiki/Vogue_Singapore) Spain Taiwan Thailand Turkey Ukraine United States (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) United Kingdom (/wiki/British_Vogue) Defunct editions New Zealand Russia Other Men's Vogue (/wiki/Men%27s_Vogue) Teen Vogue (/wiki/Teen_Vogue) Advance Publications (/wiki/Advance_Publications) (Parent company) Condé Nast (/wiki/Cond%C3%A9_Nast) (publisher) The Big Four (/wiki/The_Big_Four_(fashion)) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐557d6f8488‐btpqn Cached time: 20240712202851 Cache expiry: 1654270 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.368 seconds Real time usage: 0.447 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1045/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 26499/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1461/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 39205/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.277/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 14534759/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 413.945 1 -total 30.09% 124.548 1 Template:Reflist 25.20% 104.331 1 Template:In_lang 25.06% 103.731 7 Template:Cite_web 20.23% 83.752 1 Template:Vogue_magazines 19.68% 81.480 1 Template:Navbox 18.45% 76.359 1 Template:Infobox_magazine 16.56% 68.530 1 Template:Infobox 4.79% 19.816 1 Template:Quote 1.79% 7.422 1 Template:Start_date_and_age Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:63960097-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712202851 and revision id 1181945591. 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1980s UK jean design For other baggy jeans, see Wide leg jeans (/wiki/Wide_leg_jeans) . " Baggies " was a name given to a particular type of jean (/wiki/Jeans) in the early 1980s in the United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) . The jeans were designed to be loose fitting around the leg, with a tight zip or button around the ankle, and had a number of zips (/wiki/Zipper) with pockets (/wiki/Pocket) primarily down the front of the jean. Typically there may have been ten or more pockets on the front of the jeans. They would frequently been worn with another 1980s fashion accessory (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) , the day-glo (/wiki/Blacklight_paint) sock, which was a terry towelling (/wiki/Terrycloth) sock typically coloured in bright yellow, pink, or light blue. Before the popular 'baggy clothing' introduced by MC Hammer (/wiki/MC_Hammer) of the late '80s and early '90s, there was the dress style Baggies. This style of clothing is best symbolized as dress style clothing. The most fashionable representation of these type of outfits was the pants along with a dress shirt, a thin tie, a fancy blazer (/wiki/Blazer) coat and dress shoes. The best example of this clothing and outfits were worn by the Minneapolis (/wiki/Minneapolis) based band known as " The Time (/wiki/The_Time_(band)) " (headed by frontman Morris Day (/wiki/Morris_Day) ). [1] (#cite_note-1) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "In The 80s - Clothes of the Eighties, Baggies" (http://www.inthe80s.com/clothes/baggies0.shtml) . www.inthe80s.com . This clothing (/wiki/Clothing) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baggies_(trousers)&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐844d4 Cached time: 20240712185242 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.221 seconds Real time usage: 0.474 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 232/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 5162/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 310/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 7824/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.169/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3078400/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 460.290 1 -total 33.42% 153.839 1 Template:Clothing-stub 33.02% 152.010 1 Template:Asbox 26.59% 122.375 1 Template:Short_description 19.85% 91.356 1 Template:For 19.41% 89.353 1 Template:Cite_web 13.42% 61.773 2 Template:Main_other 12.91% 59.426 1 Template:SDcat 9.97% 45.873 2 Template:Pagetype 0.74% 3.390 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:15069500-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712185242 and revision id 1221844734. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baggies_(trousers)&oldid=1221844734 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Baggies_(trousers)&oldid=1221844734) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing stubs (/wiki/Category:Clothing_stubs) Jeans by type (/wiki/Category:Jeans_by_type) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
(Redirected from Barbara Franchin (/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Franchin&redirect=no) ) International Talent Support (ITS) is a platform created to give support and visibility to young talents in the field of fashion design, design of accessories and jewelry. The most artistic-oriented designers are also challenged with ITS Artwork, a purely artistic contest. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) The 16th edition which will be held once again in Trieste on 27 June 2018. Barbara Franchin holding the heart trophy at ITS 2015 Contestants are selected from more than 80 countries around the world. After this selection process, they are invited to Trieste to present their works and are evaluated by a special jury that awards the prizes in the competition. [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) ITS is not just a contest, it includes a Creative Archive showcasing projects of the past finalists: a collection of 16,000 portfolios, 220 dresses, 80 jewelry pieces and 120 accessories, and more than 700 digital photo projects. In addition, it produces a yearly trends report "The Seismographer" and has built a wide network made up of designers, journalists, opinion leaders, design teachers, head hunters, heads of studio and more. The platform was founded and is directed by Barbara Franchin (/wiki/Barbara_Franchin) . [5] (#cite_note-5) Here are some of the past ITS jurors: [6] (#cite_note-6) the performance artist Marina Abramovic (/wiki/Marina_Abramovi%C4%87) , photographers Nick Knight (/wiki/Nick_Knight_(photographer)) , Ari Marcopoulos and Sarah Moon, the Editor in Chief of Vogue Italy (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) Franca Sozzani (/wiki/Franca_Sozzani) , the founder of Business of Fashion Imran Amed, the former head curator of the Costume Institute at the Metropolitan Museum (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) in New York Harold Koda (/wiki/Harold_Koda) the singer-songwriter Mika (/wiki/Mika_(singer)) and designers such as Raf Simons (/wiki/Raf_Simons) , Viktor & Rolf (/wiki/Viktor_%26_Rolf) , Consuelo Castiglioni, Manish Arora as well as journalists like Hilary Alexander, Angelo Flaccavento and Cathy Horyn. Many past finalists hold key positions in the fashion industry, like Demna Gvasalia (/wiki/Demna_Gvasalia) (Creative Director Balenciaga (/wiki/Balenciaga) & founder Vetements (/wiki/Vetements) ), Aitor Throup (/wiki/Aitor_Throup) (Executive Creative Director G-Star Raw (/wiki/G-Star_Raw) ) and Peter Pilotto (eponymous line). ITS 2016 [ edit ] 2016 marked the fifteenth birthday of ITS, an anniversary edition that welcomed in the jury Demna Gvasalia (/wiki/Demna_Gvasalia) (founder and artistic director of Vetements and artistic director of Balenciaga (/wiki/Balenciaga) ), designer Iris Van Herpen (/wiki/Iris_van_Herpen) and AltaRoma President Silvia Venturini Fendi, while the theme of the event was “Utopia. Winners [ edit ] Mayako Kano, ITS Fashion Award in partnership with OTB Niels Gundtoft Hansen & Anna Bornhold, OTB (/wiki/OTB_Group) Award Helen Kirkum, ITS Accessories Award in partnership with YKK [7] (#cite_note-:0-7) Young Jin Jang, YKK (/wiki/YKK) Award Marco Baitella, ITS Artwork Award in partnership with Swatch Jana Zornik, Swatch (/wiki/Swatch) Award Hazuki Katagai, Swatch Art Peace Hotel Award Sari Rathel, ITS Jewelry Award in partnership with Swarovski Tatiana Lobanova, Swarovski (/wiki/Swarovski) Award Justin Smith, Generali (/wiki/Assicurazioni_Generali) Future Award Anna Bornhold, Modateca Deanna Award Helen Kirkum, Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) Talents Award ITS 2015 [ edit ] The jury for this edition featured, among others, Massimo Giorgetti (Founder and Creative Director of MSGM), Carlo Capasa (/wiki/Carlo_Capasa) (President of the National Chamber of Italian Fashion (/wiki/National_Chamber_of_Italian_Fashion) ) and Oriole Cullen (Acting Senior Curator of Contemporary Fashion, Victoria & Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) ). Aitor Throup, a finalist in 2006, received a lifetime achievement award. The concept for this edition was "THE FUTURE". Winners [ edit ] Paula Knorr, ITS Fashion Award in partnership with OTB Yuko Koike, OTB Award and Modateca Deanna Award Jenifer Thévenaz-Burdet, Eyes on Talents Award Elina Määttänen, Vogue Talents Award Isabel Helf, ITS Accessories Award in partnership with YKK [7] (#cite_note-:0-7) Bianca Chong, YKK Fastening Award Hiroki Kataoka, ITS Artwork Award in partnership with Swatch Shay Tako, Swatch Award Alexis Gautier, Swatch Art Peace Hotel Award In Wai Kwok, ITS Jewelry Award in partnership with Swarovski (/wiki/Swarovski) Kota Okuda, ITS Jewelry Award in partnership with Swarovski (/wiki/Swarovski) Yun Sun Jang, Swarovski (/wiki/Swarovski) Award Yang Wang, Samsung (/wiki/Samsung) Galaxy Award Aitor Throup, Generali (/wiki/Assicurazioni_Generali) Special Award ITS 2014 [ edit ] Consuelo Castiglioni (MARNI), Nick Knight, Nicholas Kirkwood and pop star Mika (in the jury for the new ITS ARTWORK contest) were among the jurors. On July 12, the day of the final evening, the event reached the 9th position as a global trending topic on social networks. CNN (/wiki/CNN) [4] and France 2 covered the event. The concept for this edition was "Lucid Dreams" Winners [ edit ] Katherine Roberts-Wood, Fashion Collection of the Year and Vogue Talents Award for fashion Zoe Waters, Diesel Award Anita Hirlekar, Fashion Special Prize Natalija Mencej, Camera Nazionale della Moda Italiana Award Yasuto Kimura, Showstudio Prize Anna Bornhold, Modateca Award Mirja Pitkaart, Accessories Collection of the Year Takafumi Arai, YKK Special Award Ivana Damjanovic, YKK Award and Eyes on Talents Award Maiko Takeda, Vogue Talents Award for accessories Virginia Burlina, Swatch Award Noriko Nakazato, Swarovski Jewelry Award Lior Shulak, Swarovski Jewelry Award Leonie Barth, Samsung GALAXY Award ITS 2013 [ edit ] ITS becomes even more present on social with the launch of a live feed that collects any ITS related content. Nicola Formichetti, Carla Sozzani (/wiki/Carla_Sozzani) and Yasuhiro Mihara were among the jurors. This edition was characterized by the concept "The Physics of Creativity". Winners [ edit ] Han Chul Lee, Fashion Collection of the Year and Vogue Talents Award Xiao Li, Diesel Award Tomohiro Sato, Fashion Special Prize and Modateca Award Nelly Hoffmann, Yoox.com Award Felix Chabluk Smith, Business of Fashion Award Leonard Kahlcke, Accessories Collection of the Year Percy Lau, YKK Award Cat Potter, Eyes on Talents Award Youngwon Kim, Vogue Talents Award for Accessories Lili Colley, Swarovski Elements Jewelry Award Milko Boyarov, Swatch Award ITS 2012 [ edit ] In 2012, the performance artist Marina Abramovic was in the fashion competition jury with Renzo Rosso (/wiki/Renzo_Rosso) and the fashion blogger Susie Bubble. The jury also featured two past finalists, Aitor Throup and Mark Fast, both of whom have since become famous for their respective fashion lines. This edition's concept played with two extremes, "Good or Evil". Winners [ edit ] Ichiro Suzuki, Fashion Collection of the Year Marius Janusauskas, Diesel Award and D-La Repubblica Award Luke Brooks, Fashion Special Prize Mark Goldenberg, Avery Dennison Brand Innovation Award and Vogue Talents Award for fashion Isabel Vollrath, Saturday Night Fever Award Shengwei Wang, Modateca Award Ana Rajcevic, Accessories Collection of the Year Benjamin John Hall, YKK Award Victoria Spruce, Vogue Talents Award for accessories Xiao Zi Yang, Swarovski Elements Jewelry Award ITS#TEN [ edit ] The 2011 edition marked the contest's 10th anniversary, with a jury that included Hilary Alexander, the Academy Award for Photography Dante Spinotti and featured the return of Viktor & Rolf. It was the year of the launch of ITS JEWELRY, the competition devoted entirely to jewelry. Shaun Samson, the winner of the Fashion Collection of the Year, participated in the London Fashion Week with his fashion line a short while later. Winners [ edit ] Shaun Samson, Fashion Collection of the Year Niran Avisar, Diesel Award Kristian Guerra, Fashion Special Prize and D- La Repubblica (/wiki/La_Repubblica) Award Fah Chakshuvej, Maison Martin Margiela Award Ruth Green, Skunkfunk Sustainability Award Kevin Kramp, Modateca Award Oliver Ruuger, Accessories Collection of the Year Laura Amstein, YKK Award Anna Schwamborn, Modamont Award Sarah Vedel Hurtigkarl and Raluca Grada, Swarovski Elements Jewelry Award Nika Kupyrova, Disaronno Photo Award Gerardo Vizmanos, SVA PhotoGlobal Award ITS#NINE [ edit ] The designers Viktor & Rolf participated as first-time jurors and Nina Nitsche (Maison Martin Margiela) was also part of the jury. Shortly after the event, the winner of Accessories Collection of the Year Sarah Williams established a partnership with another Accessories finalist, Kirsty Ward, launching an exclusive line of custom made accessories. Winners [ edit ] Takashi Nishiyama, Fashion Collection of the Year Michael Kampe, Diesel Award Yong Kyun Shin, Fashion Special Prize Niels Peeraer, RA Award Sarah Williams, Accessories Collection of the Year and Absolut Award Emma Yeo, YKK Award Yuwen Lu, Modamont Award ITS#EIGHT [ edit ] Yuima Nakazato became the second finalist in the history of ITS to be selected for two different competitions in two different editions. The edition concept transformed ITS in the "Greatest Show of All", drawing inspiration from the touring circus shows of the early 20th century. Winners [ edit ] Mason Jung, Fashion Collection of the Year Yuima Nakazato, YKK Award Ali Forbes, Crystallized Accessories Award Chau Har Lee, Accessories Collection of the Year Elise Gettliffe, I-D Styling Award Alice Knackfuss, Diesel Award Masha Lamzina, Fashion Special Prize Michael Van Der Ham, Vertice Award Saana Wang, Mini Clubman Photo Award Silvia Noferi, Pitti Immagine Photo Award Monica Lozano Red, Air Dolomiti Photo Award Noemie Goudal, Pitti Immagine Photo Award Clare Bottomley, ITS Photoweb and SVA Photoglobal Award ITS#SEVEN [ edit ] Mark Fast's knitwear attracted everyone's attention, and was the prelude to a brand that received a lot of attention as a result of ITS. The finalists of the photography competition Mashid Mohadjerin won the World Press Photo award for a project that started immediately after ITS. Designer Gareth Pugh and photographer Sarah Moon were among the jurors. Winners [ edit ] Valentim Manuel Estevão Quaresma, Accessories Collection of the Year Benjamin Shun Lai Ng, YKK Award Tomasz Donocik, YKK Special Prize Elise Gettliffe, Fashion Special Prize Yuima Nakazato, Vertice Award Alithia Spuri-Zampetti, Maria Luisa Award Mark Fast, I-D Styling Award Heikki Salonen, Diesel Award David Steinhorst, Fashion Collection of the Year Mashid Mohadjerin, ITS Photoweb Debora Vrizzi, Pitti Immagine Photo Award Kazutaka Nagashima, Mini Clubman Photo Award Matthieu Lavanchy, SVA Photoglobal Award Venetia Dearden, Air Dolomiti Photo Award Martine Fougeron, Pitti Immagine Photo Award ITS#SIX [ edit ] The generation of young talents selected in 2007 featured many finalists that, following ITS, made a name for themselves thanks to their respective brands: Justin Smith, David Longshaw, Taro Horiuchi, Mareunrol, Ek Thongprasert, Heaven Tanudiredja (who was a finalist in both Fashion Accessories, anticipating the launch of her own line of jewelry). Winners [ edit ] Liron Braker, YKK Accessory Award Anna Sheldon, YKK Special Award Justin Smith, i-D Styling Award and Maria Luisa Award Susanne Happle, Accessories Collection of the Year Ek Thongprasert, Fashion Collection of the Year and Develon Award Migle Kacerauskiene, Fashion Special Prize Heaven Tanudiredja, Vertice Award Taro Horiuchi, Diesel Award Maria Giulia Giorgiani, Pitti Immagine Photo Award and Finalist Involved In The Mini Clubman Tour May Heek, SVA Photoglobal Award Jing Quek, MINI International Photo Award and Pitti Immagine Photo Award ITS#FIVE [ edit ] In 2006 the ITS ACCESSORIES contest was inaugurated. Aitor Throup was the revelation of the year with a menswear collection that redesigned the production processes. Franca Sozzani, Raf Simons and Cathy Horyn were on the jury. Winners [ edit ] Heather Blake, Accessories Collection of the Year Maria Hjelm, YKK Accessory Award Mikio Sakabe, Special Jury Prize Matthieu Blazy (/wiki/Matthieu_Blazy) , Maria Luisa Award Tamar Daniel (Schreiber), WGSN Best Portfolio Aitor Throup, Fashion Collection of the Year and I-D Styling Award and ITS 2015 Generali Special Award Daniel Ivarsson, Diesel Award Catherine Sundqvist, VMAN / V Magazine Award Remigiusz Pyrdol, MINI International Photo Award and Le Book Award and Stage Fabbrica ITS#FOUR [ edit ] Antonio Marras (/wiki/Antonio_Marras) , Boudicca and Antonio Berardi (/wiki/Antonio_Berardi) were on the jury. The ITS PHOTO contest was launched and its jury featured the founder of Visionaire Cecilia Dean. Christopher de Vos, who later worked for Vivienne Westwood before joining forces with Peter Pilotto's homonymous brand, was one of the finalists. Winners [ edit ] Christoph Froehlich, Diesel Award Eli Effenberger, Maria Luisa Award and Special Jury Prize Marga Weimans, I-D Styling Award Mie Albaek Nielsen and Caroline Hansen, Ingeo Sustainability Award Ryo Yamada, WGSN Best Portfolio Award Marcus Lereng Wilmont, Collection of the Year Danielle Mourning, MINI International Photo Award ITS#THREE [ edit ] Yoshikazu Yamagata was among the winners of 2004. He would later set up a school in Tokyo that would produce numerous ITS finalists. Peter Pilotto was among the finalists. In the following years he created the Peter Pilotto brand together with a 2005 finalist, Christopher de Vos. Raf Simons was in the jury together with Richard Buckley, Hilary Alexander and Ennio Capasa. Winners [ edit ] Iris Eibelwimmer, Maria Luisa Award Demna Gvasalia, Collection of the Year Peter Pilotto, Maria Luisa Award Takashi Sugioka, 3rd Jury Prize Steven Hoffman, 2nd Jury Prize Yoshikazu Yamagata, Special Prize, Ingeo Sustainability Award and WGSN Best Portfolio Lesley Mobo, Diesel Award ITS#TWO [ edit ] The winner Cathy Pill had the honour of being invited to present her collection during the Parisian fashion week, where she continued to present her brand for nearly a decade. Dombrovicz Laurent, Xavier Delcour and Jenny Meirens were some of the jurors. Fabrizio Talia, winner of the Best Womenswear Collection Award, later joined forces with Justin Smith – the two met in 2007 – for the launch of the project (Es) * Artisanal, chosen as a finalist in 2010. Winners [ edit ] Slobodan Mihajlović, Maria Luisa Award Cathy Pill, Collection of the Year Anne Ventzel, Best Menswear Collection Fabrizio Talia, Best Womenswear Collection Akihiro Kiuchi, Jury Prize Teppei Sugaya, Diesel Award ITS#ONE [ edit ] The jury of the first edition of the International Talent Support featured, among others, Isabella Blow, Editor in Chief of Nylon Magazine Marvin Jarrett, Director of i-D magazine Terry Jones and the Creative Director of Black Book Magazine Evan L.Schindler. Winners [ edit ] Anais Buscail and Vanessa Raveau, PlayStation Assaf Bitton, INTESABCI Award Bernadett Penkov, Dupont Total Look Céline Gautron, Dupont Shirt/Trousers Category Chu Po Ho, Dupont Knitwear Top Category Daniele Controversio, Collection of the Year and Dupont Trousers category Einav Zucker, Diesel Award Elisa Grazioli, PlayStation Erik Jan Frenken, Best Womenswear Collection Rianne Caminada, PlayStation Roel Ruyten, PlayStation Vishvajeet Dhir, Best Menswear Collection Goldy Serussi, Dupont Shirt/Trousers Category References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) George Webster. "Trieste: Small Italian city that shapes your wardrobe" (http://www.cnn.com/2014/07/19/world/europe/international-talent-support-trieste/index.html) . CNN . Retrieved May 27, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Les talents ITS imaginent la mode du futur" (http://madame.lefigaro.fr/style/les-talents-its-imaginent-la-mode-du-futur-160715-97480) . Madame Figaro (in French) . Retrieved May 27, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Catherine Schwaab – A Trieste, entre soleil, mode et talent" (http://www.parismatch.com/Chroniques/Catherine-Schwaab/A-Trieste-entre-soleil-mode-et-talent-799034) . ParisMatch.com (in French) . Retrieved May 27, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "IlSole24Ore – Talenti creativi – Con ITS 2014 a Trieste premi per 100mila euro, stage e opportunità di lavoro per i giovani delle scuole di moda e design da 20 Paesi" (http://job24.ilsole24ore.com/news/Articoli/2014/07/ITS14-vincitori-23072014_PRN.php) . job24.ilsole24ore.com . Retrieved May 27, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Conosci Barbara Franchin founder, director & project supervisor di ITS International Talent Support?" (http://www.elle.it/Magazine/Barbara-Franchin-ITS-International-Talent-Support-Trieste-EVE) . www.elle.it . Retrieved May 27, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Io, giurato a ITS 2015: giudicare e/o essere giudicato" (http://www.marieclaire.it/Moda/Il-blog-di-Antonio-Mancinelli/ITS-2015-Trieste-essere-in-giuria#1) . www.marieclaire.it . Retrieved May 27, 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b Dazed (April 7, 2015). "The accessory designers getting noticed (even by Björk)" (http://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/24301/1/the-accessory-designers-getting-noticed-even-by-bjork) . Dazed . Retrieved May 27, 2016 . 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Outerwear made from sheepskin or pelt This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Shearling_coat) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Shearling coat" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Shearling+coat%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Shearling+coat%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Shearling+coat%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Shearling+coat%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Shearling+coat%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Shearling+coat%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( March 2011 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) A shearling coat Wikimedia Commons has media related to Shearling (clothing) (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Shearling_(clothing)) . Shearling coats are made from processed lambskin (/wiki/Lambskin_(sheepskin)) , sheepskin (/wiki/Sheepskin) , or pelt (/wiki/Fur) . This " shearing (/wiki/Sheep_shearing) " process creates a uniform depth of the wool (/wiki/Wool) fibers for a uniform feel and look. Shearling coats (/wiki/Coat_(clothing)) and garments (/wiki/Garment) are made from pelts by tanning (/wiki/Tanning_(leather)) them with the wool of uniform depth still on them. The result is a soft, natural fleece (/wiki/Wool) material that is heavy due to thickness of outer skin and degree of fur on the inside, which is quite dense. The length of the sheep fur can be fairly long, but it is typically cropped short to about five centimetres or two inches. Most find these coats to be extremely comfortable and warm. Due to the high quality and uniqueness of shearling, coats and garment are considered luxurious. Sheepskin and Shearling are synonymous. The outer must be sheepskin to be Shearling on the inside. See also [ edit ] Sheepskin boots (/wiki/Sheepskin_boots) Sheepskin Shearling Leather Jackets (https://motocollection.us/shearling/) References [ edit ] This clothing (/wiki/Clothing) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shearling_coat&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐xwlpf Cached time: 20240720190433 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.210 seconds Real time usage: 0.564 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 475/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 15889/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 900/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 7883/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.138/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3713865/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 264.920 1 -total 24.67% 65.351 1 Template:Clothing-stub 24.55% 65.045 1 Template:More_sources_needed 24.04% 63.685 1 Template:Asbox 23.68% 62.734 1 Template:Short_description 22.30% 59.068 1 Template:Ambox 13.58% 35.983 2 Template:Pagetype 12.78% 33.868 1 Template:Commons_category 12.06% 31.938 1 Template:Sister_project 11.36% 30.083 1 Template:Side_box Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:31321921-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720190433 and revision id 1232199059. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shearling_coat&oldid=1232199059 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shearling_coat&oldid=1232199059) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Woolen clothing (/wiki/Category:Woolen_clothing) Coats (clothing) (/wiki/Category:Coats_(clothing)) Clothing stubs (/wiki/Category:Clothing_stubs) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description with empty Wikidata description (/wiki/Category:Short_description_with_empty_Wikidata_description) Articles needing additional references from March 2011 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_March_2011) All articles needing additional references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references) Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
What Katie Did Industry Fashion Founded 1999 Headquarters London, England, United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) Key people Katie Thomas ( née (/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names) Halford ) Richard Thomas Products Lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) Website www (http://www.whatkatiedid.com) .whatkatiedid (http://www.whatkatiedid.com) .com (http://www.whatkatiedid.com) What Katie Did is a British lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) design house founded in 1999 by Katie Thomas. History [ edit ] In 1999, being unable to afford fully fashioned stockings (/wiki/Fully_fashioned_stockings) , Thomas decided to invest £100 in nylons to sell at The London Fetish Fair. [1] (#cite_note-1) This led to Thomas creating her own website. In 2002, What Katie Did's first reproduction of the Bullet bra (/wiki/Bullet_bra) was launched, the first to be produced in the country. [2] (#cite_note-wambamclub-2) The next year, the company opened a boutique (/wiki/Boutique) in London Portobello (/wiki/Portobello_Road) . [3] (#cite_note-3) In 2010, Thomas was asked to advise on an bra of Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe) that was put up for auction. [ citation needed ] Thomas has also appeared advising on corsets on ABC (/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company) 's Nightline (/wiki/Nightline) in 2012 and in the same year was nominated for Cosmopolitan (/wiki/Cosmopolitan_(magazine)) ' s Businesswoman of the Year. [4] (#cite_note-4) Style [ edit ] The brand recreates designs from the 1950s including the bullet bra (/wiki/Bullet_bra) , which has been worn by celebrities such as Madonna (/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)) and Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) . [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) What Katie Did are also known for their steel boned corsets. [7] (#cite_note-7) Models [ edit ] Models for the company include Bernie Dexter, Missy Malone (/wiki/Missy_Malone) , Jami Deadly (/wiki/Jami_Deadly) and Miss Polly Rae (/wiki/Miss_Polly_Rae) . [ citation needed ] References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Designer Interviews: Katie Halford of What Katie Did" (http://www.thelingerieaddict.com/2011/08/designer-interviews-katie-halford-of.html) . The Lingerie Addict. 2011-08-01 . Retrieved 2013-10-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-wambamclub_2-0) Nonita (2011-03-29). "Vintage Pin Up Style | Meet Katie Halford from 'What Katie Did' (https://web.archive.org/web/20131029200455/http://www.wambamclub.com/blog/nonita-on-burlesque/vintage-pin-up-style-meet-katie-halford-from-what-katie-did.html) " (https://web.archive.org/web/20131029200455/http://www.wambamclub.com/blog/nonita-on-burlesque/vintage-pin-up-style-meet-katie-halford-from-what-katie-did.html) . Wambamclub.com. Archived from the original (http://www.wambamclub.com/blog/nonita-on-burlesque/vintage-pin-up-style-meet-katie-halford-from-what-katie-did.html) on 2013-10-29 . Retrieved 2013-10-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "What Katie Did | 26 Portobello Green W10 5TZ" (http://www.timeout.com/london/shopping/what-katie-did) . Timeout London (/wiki/Time_Out_(magazine)) . 1999-11-30 . Retrieved 2013-10-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "#TheCosmos - who are the celebs of real life?" (https://web.archive.org/web/20131029194052/http://www.cosmopolitan.co.uk/celebs/ultimate-women-of-the-year/the-cosmos-who-are-the-celebs-of-real-life-for-ultimate-women-of-the-year-awards) . Cosmopolitan (/wiki/Cosmopolitan_(magazine)) . 2011-11-02. Archived from the original (http://www.cosmopolitan.co.uk/celebs/ultimate-women-of-the-year/the-cosmos-who-are-the-celebs-of-real-life-for-ultimate-women-of-the-year-awards) on 2013-10-29 . Retrieved 2013-10-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Rihanna wears What Katie Did for 777 tour" (https://web.archive.org/web/20121219015636/http://www.lingerieinsight.com/article-2983-rihanna-wears-what-katie-did-for-777-tour/) . Lingerie Insight. 2012-11-20. Archived from the original (http://www.lingerieinsight.com/article-2983-rihanna-wears-what-katie-did-for-777-tour/) on 2012-12-19 . Retrieved 2019-10-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Interview with Katie of What Katie Did" (http://pinup-parade.com/features/whatkatiedid.htm) . Pin-Up Parade . Retrieved 2013-10-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Barford, Vanessa (2012-06-19). "BBC News - The re-re-re-rise of the corset" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-18409752) . BBC News (/wiki/BBC_News) . Retrieved 2013-10-24 . Further reading [ edit ] What Katie Did (2009). A Serious Study of Mid-20th Century Lingerie . Jeep Promotions. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-9534470-7-7 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.whatkatiedid.com) v t e Lingerie (/wiki/Lingerie) Upper torso Types (/wiki/List_of_bra_designs) of bras (/wiki/Bra) History (/wiki/History_of_bras) Bandeau (/wiki/Bandeau) Bralette (/wiki/Bralette) Nursing bra (/wiki/Nursing_bra) Sports bra (/wiki/Sports_bra) Training bra (/wiki/Training_bra) Underwire bra (/wiki/Underwire_bra) Male bra (/wiki/Male_bra) Other garments Babydoll (/wiki/Babydoll) Bustier (/wiki/Bustier) Camisole (/wiki/Camisole) Dudou (/wiki/Dudou) Negligee (/wiki/Negligee) Nightgown (/wiki/Nightgown) Torsolette (/wiki/Torsolette) Yếm (/wiki/Y%E1%BA%BFm) Lower torso Bikini (/wiki/Bikini) Boyshorts (/wiki/Boyshorts) French knickers (/wiki/French_knickers) Fundoshi (/wiki/Fundoshi) Girdle (/wiki/Girdle_(undergarment)) Girl boxers (/wiki/Girl_boxers) Panties (/wiki/Panties) Period underwear (/wiki/Period_underwear) Tanga (/wiki/Thong) Tap pants (/wiki/Tap_pants) Thong (/wiki/Thong) ( G-string (/wiki/G-string) ) Bloomers (/wiki/Bloomers) Full torso Bodice (/wiki/Bodice) Corset (/wiki/Corset) Corselet (/wiki/Corselet) Foundation garment (/wiki/Foundation_garment) Nightshirt (/wiki/Nightshirt) Playsuit (/wiki/Playsuit_(lingerie)) Slip (/wiki/Slip_(clothing)) Teddy (/wiki/Teddy_(garment)) Hosiery (/wiki/Hosiery) Bodystocking (/wiki/Bodystocking) Garter (/wiki/Garter) Hold-ups (/wiki/Hold-ups) Knee highs (/wiki/Knee_highs) Pantyhose (/wiki/Pantyhose) Stocking (/wiki/Stocking) Tights (/wiki/Tights) Historical Basque (/wiki/Basque_(clothing)) Boudoir cap (/wiki/Boudoir_cap) Bustle (/wiki/Bustle) Chemise (/wiki/Chemise) Crinoline (/wiki/Crinoline) Farthingale (/wiki/Farthingale) Hoop skirt (/wiki/Hoop_skirt) Liberty bodice (/wiki/Liberty_bodice) Pannier (/wiki/Pannier_(clothing)) Pantalettes (/wiki/Pantalettes) Petticoat (/wiki/Petticoat) Pettipants (/wiki/Pettipants) Waist cincher (/wiki/Waist_cincher) Accessories Falsies (/wiki/Falsies) Lingerie tape (/wiki/Lingerie_tape) Brands List of lingerie brands (/wiki/List_of_lingerie_brands) Retail Bras N Things (/wiki/Bras_N_Things) Cosmo Lady (/wiki/Cosmo_Lady) Figleaves (/wiki/Figleaves) HerRoom (/wiki/HerRoom) Journelle (/wiki/Journelle) True & Co. (/wiki/True_%26_Co.) 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Sir Henry Rowe (died 12 November 1612) was an English merchant who was Lord Mayor of London (/wiki/Lord_Mayor_of_London) in 1607. Rowe was the son of Sir Thomas Rowe who was Lord Mayor from 1568 to 1569 and grandson of Sir John Gresham (/wiki/John_Gresham) , Lord Mayor from 1547 to 1548. [1] (#cite_note-Notes-1) He was a city of London merchant and a member of the Worshipful Company of Mercers (/wiki/Worshipful_Company_of_Mercers) . On 22 July 1596, he was elected an alderman of the City of London for Coleman Street ward. He was auditor for the City in 1596 and was Sheriff of London (/wiki/Sheriff_of_London) from 1597 to 1598. In 1599 he was Master of the Mercers Company. He was knighted on 26 July 1603. In 1607, he was elected Lord Mayor of London (/wiki/Lord_Mayor_of_London) . He was Master of the Mercers Company in 1608 and became alderman for Cornhill ward in 1611. [2] (#cite_note-2) He married Susan Keighlie [who + Jan 1611] in St. Mary Woolchurch Haw, London on 13 Dec 1573 [IGI & Middlesex Pedigrees, p. 8] Their daughter, also called Susan, married first Alderman William Holliday (/wiki/William_Holliday_(merchant)) , and secondly Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick (/wiki/Robert_Rich,_2nd_Earl_of_Warwick) . Sir Henry and Lady Rowe were buried in a memorial chapel in the church of St John, Hackney (/wiki/Church_of_St_John-at-Hackney) . [3] (#cite_note-3) The chapel was demolished in 1894, when the churchyard (by then closed to burials) was converted to a public garden. [4] (#cite_note-4) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Notes_1-0) 'Notes on the aldermen, 1502-1700', The Aldermen of the City of London: Temp. Henry III - 1912 (1908), pp. 168-195. Date accessed: 15 July 2011 (http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=67247) ^ (#cite_ref-2) 'Chronological list of aldermen: 1601-1650', The Aldermen of the City of London: Temp. Henry III - 1912 (1908), pp. 47-75. Date accessed: 16 July 2011 (http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=67241) ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Hackney Pages 450-516 The Environs of London: Volume 2, County of Middlesex. Originally published by T Cadell and W Davies, London, 1795" (https://www.british-history.ac.uk/london-environs/vol2/pp450-516) . British History Online . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "London Gardens Trust: St John's Gardens" (https://londongardenstrust.org/conservation/inventory/site-record/?ID=HAC039&sitename=St+John%27s+Churchyard+Gardens) . Retrieved 31 January 2021 . Civic offices Preceded by John Watts (/wiki/John_Watts_(merchant)) Lord Mayor of the City of London (/wiki/Lord_Mayor_of_the_City_of_London) 1607 Succeeded by Humphrey Weld (/wiki/Humphrey_Weld) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐6f5ccb59c8‐dvkcl Cached time: 20240623110801 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.167 seconds Real time usage: 0.226 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1123/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 5488/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1462/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 9056/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.083/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3366015/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 199.004 1 -total 54.00% 107.462 1 Template:Reflist 45.67% 90.888 2 Template:Cite_web 23.61% 46.993 1 Template:Succession_box 18.14% 36.095 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates 11.56% 23.006 6 Template:Main_other 8.93% 17.779 1 Template:S-bef 7.29% 14.508 1 Template:DMCA 6.74% 13.404 1 Template:S-aft 5.48% 10.901 1 Template:Dated_maintenance_category Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:32476758-0!canonical and timestamp 20240623110801 and revision id 1081834791. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry_Rowe_(lord_mayor)&oldid=1081834791 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Henry_Rowe_(lord_mayor)&oldid=1081834791) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1612 deaths (/wiki/Category:1612_deaths) English merchants (/wiki/Category:English_merchants) Sheriffs of the City of London (/wiki/Category:Sheriffs_of_the_City_of_London) 17th-century lord mayors of London (/wiki/Category:17th-century_lord_mayors_of_London) 16th-century English businesspeople (/wiki/Category:16th-century_English_businesspeople) 17th-century English businesspeople (/wiki/Category:17th-century_English_businesspeople) Hidden categories: Use dmy dates from April 2022 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2022) Year of birth missing (/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_missing)
This article contains content that is written like an advertisement (/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_soapbox_or_means_of_promotion) . Please help improve it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Randa_Apparel_%26_Accessories&action=edit) by removing promotional content (/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam) and inappropriate external links (/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links#Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest) , and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) . ( August 2022 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Randa Apparel & Accessories Company type Private company (/wiki/Private_company) Founded 1910 Products Clothing, footwear, neckwear, jewelry, accessories, leather goods Number of employees 2,000 Website randa (http://randa.net) .net (http://randa.net) Randa Apparel & Accessories is a manufacturer, distributor, and marketer of clothing, footwear, neckwear, jewelry, accessories, and leather goods. It was known as Randa Accessories before acquiring Haggar Clothing (/wiki/Haggar_Clothing) in 2013. [1] (#cite_note-haggarbuy1-1) The founder's family had been in the neckwear business since 1910 and the current company was incorporated in 1935. Through the company's Haggar Clothing (/wiki/Haggar_Clothing) Co. and Tribal divisions, Randa distributes men's and women's clothing. Randa is a privately owned company. 2019 sales exceeded $1 billion. [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [1] (#cite_note-haggarbuy1-1) Offices and facilities [ edit ] The company employees over 2,000 associates worldwide, with 27 offices in 12 countries. It consolidated its New York City offices into a new headquarters in 2013. [4] (#cite_note-nychq-4) Besides New York CIty, Randa has domestic US offices in Chicago (/wiki/Chicago) , New Orleans (/wiki/New_Orleans) , Dallas (/wiki/Dallas) , Fort Worth (/wiki/Fort_Worth) , and Reno (/wiki/Reno) . Randa International offices are located in Canada (/wiki/Canada) , Mexico (/wiki/Mexico) , Guatemala (/wiki/Guatemala) , the United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) , India (/wiki/India) , South Africa (/wiki/South_Africa) , Australia (/wiki/Australia) , and China (/wiki/China) . Randa Apparel & Accessories has sourcing facilities in Shanghai (/wiki/Shanghai) , Zhejiang Province (/wiki/Zhejiang_Province) , Fujian Province (/wiki/Fujian_Province) and in Guatemala City, Guatemala (/wiki/Guatemala_City,_Guatemala) . North American (/wiki/North_American) distribution facilities are located in New Orleans, Reno, Fort Worth, and in Mississauga, Ontario (/wiki/Mississauga,_Ontario) . Randa design centers are located in New York City, Dallas, Montreal (/wiki/Montreal) , London (/wiki/London) , Chicago, Guatemala City, Cape Town (/wiki/Cape_Town) , and Shanghai. The company has over 1 million square feet of distribution space located near New Orleans (/wiki/New_Orleans) , New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) , Reno (/wiki/Reno) , Fort Worth (/wiki/Fort_Worth) , Edinburgh (/wiki/Edinburgh) , Melbourne (/wiki/Melbourne) , Johannesburg (/wiki/Johannesburg) , Toronto (/wiki/Toronto) , and other cities. Together, these facilities have capacity to ship more than 100 million units and 1 million consumer direct shipments annually. [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) In 2013 and 2014, the company announced investments of $25 million in its logistic's infrastructure. [7] (#cite_note-7) An additional $25 million logistics and IT investment was made in 2016 and 2017. History [ edit ] Randa Accessories began on the Lower East Side (/wiki/Lower_East_Side) of Manhattan as Spiegel Neckwear in 1910. [ citation needed ] Randa Neckwear , which was founded in 1935, was acquired by Herman Spiegel in 1965 and provided the name of the current company. The company has had a number of subsequent acquisitions: Woodstock Neckwear of London in 1993, Forsythe Neckwear of Mississauga, Ontario (/wiki/Mississauga,_Ontario) in 1995, WEMCO (/wiki/WEMCO) of New Orleans in 1997, Countess Mara of New York City in 1997, Humphreys Accessories of Chicago in 2001, and Badanco Luggage of Totowa, New Jersey (/wiki/Totowa,_New_Jersey) in 2007. Trafalgar Men's Accessories was founded in 1972 in Norwalk, Connecticut (/wiki/Norwalk,_Connecticut) as a luxury manufacturer of men's belts and suspenders. Randa acquired Trafalgar in 2003. Swank, Inc. (formerly publicly traded as SNKI) was acquired by Randa Accessories on May 17, 2012, and taken private. [8] (#cite_note-swank-8) Swank was founded in 1897 and was engaged in the importation, sale and distribution of men's and women's belts and men's leather accessories, suspenders, and jewellery. Swank also distributed men's jewelry and leather items to retailers under private labels. In 2019, Randa entered the apparel business with the acquisition of Haggar Clothing (/wiki/Haggar_Clothing) [9] (#cite_note-haggar-9) and of the 1971-founded women's sportswear company Tribal Sportswear , which had been acquired by Haggar in 2013. [10] (#cite_note-cohen-10) In June 2024, Randa and Marquee Brands (/wiki/Marquee_Brands) acquired totes Isotoner (/wiki/Totes_Isotoner) . [11] (#cite_note-totes-11) Brands [ edit ] Randa produces and distributes products under license from many brands including: Levi's (/wiki/Levi%27s) , Dockers (/wiki/Dockers_(brand)) , Tommy Bahama (/wiki/Tommy_Bahama) , Kenneth Cole (/wiki/Kenneth_Cole_(designer)) , Tommy Hilfiger (/wiki/Tommy_Hilfiger) , Calvin Klein (/wiki/Calvin_Klein) , Ben Sherman (/wiki/Ben_Sherman) , Chaps (/wiki/Chaps) , Columbia Sportswear Company (/wiki/Columbia_Sportswear) , Dickies (/wiki/Dickies) , Cole Haan (/wiki/Cole_Haan) , Guess! (/wiki/Guess_(clothing)) , Hanesbrands (/wiki/Hanesbrands) , Haggar Clothing (/wiki/Haggar_Clothing) , Tribal Fashion, and Jessica Simpson (/wiki/Jessica_Simpson) . Randa also owns and markets brands including Haggar Clothing (/wiki/Haggar_Clothing) , Tribal, Exact Fit, Swank, Countess Mara (/wiki/Countess_Mara) , Mustang, Louis Raphael, and Damen+Hastings. Randa Accessories partnered with Ryan Seacrest (/wiki/Ryan_Seacrest) to create the "Ryan Seacrest Distinction" brand for apparel and accessories. [12] (#cite_note-seacrest-12) Market Connect Group [ edit ] Originally servicing Randa's internal requirements for in-store merchandising, Randa purchased Market Connect Group (MCG) in 2002. MCG provides in-store demonstrations, replenishment, brand ambassadors, and other services. MCG conducted over 20,000 in-store demonstrations in 2013. [13] (#cite_note-13) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b PRNewswire, May 7, 2019, https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/randa-accessories-to-acquire-haggar-clothing-co-300845532.html (https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/randa-accessories-to-acquire-haggar-clothing-co-300845532.html) ^ (#cite_ref-2) 2012 SEC.GOV report https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/869487/000117184312001059/exh_991.htm (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/869487/000117184312001059/exh_991.htm) ^ (#cite_ref-3) Randa 2013 Corporate Overview and Web Site ^ (#cite_ref-nychq_4-0) "Randa moving its headquarters across Midtown in January" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140118045956/http://www.mrketplace.com/43073/randa-moving-its-headquarters-across-midtown-in-january/) . MRketplace . Archived from the original (http://www.mrketplace.com/43073/randa-moving-its-headquarters-across-midtown-in-january/) on January 18, 2014 . Retrieved June 26, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) MRket Magazine, August 2013 (https://web.archive.org/web/20130808080520/http://www.mrketplace.com/54918/randa-updating-its-distribution-network/) ^ (#cite_ref-6) MRket Magazine ^ (#cite_ref-7) WWD, August 2013 ^ (#cite_ref-swank_8-0) Karr, Arnold J. (February 5, 2012). "Randa in Deal to Acquire Swank for $57M" (http://www.wwd.com/menswear-news/retail-business/swank-to-be-acquired-by-randa-5608700) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved July 3, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-haggar_9-0) Palmieri, Jean E. (May 7, 2019). "EXCLUSIVE: Randa Acquires Haggar Brand" (https://wwd.com/menswear-news/mens-retail-business/exclusive-randa-acquires-haggar-brand-1203126087/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Retrieved June 26, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-cohen_10-0) Cohen, Michael (June 22, 2017). "Four decades in Montreal: Tribal Sportswear thriving once again" (https://www.thesuburban.com/mtl375/four-decades-in-montreal-tribal-sportswear-thriving-once-again/article_b2cd1c56-5786-11e7-b4e8-df4836441a91.html) . The Suburban . Retrieved June 25, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-totes_11-0) "Marquee Brands Announces Acquisition of totes Isotoner Corporation in Partnership with Randa Apparel & Accessories" (https://s3.amazonaws.com/assets.marqueebrands.com/press_items/pdfs/000/000/283/original/Marquee_Brands_and_Randa_Apparel_and_Accessories_Acquires_totes_Isotoner_Corporation_060424_web.pdf?1717510421) (PDF) (Press release). Marquee Brands . Retrieved June 25, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-seacrest_12-0) Smith, Ray A. (February 11, 2014). "Ryan Seacrest to Launch Clothing Line" (https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303650204579375041990184578) . Wall Street Journal (/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal) . Retrieved June 29, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) HFN, March 2010 NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐xmx5g Cached time: 20240713205251 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.255 seconds Real time usage: 0.332 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1730/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 24914/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1686/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 29417/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.157/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4909889/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 302.648 1 -total 37.67% 113.999 1 Template:Reflist 28.08% 84.974 1 Template:Infobox_company 25.45% 77.038 2 Template:Cite_journal 24.81% 75.084 1 Template:Infobox 16.32% 49.405 1 Template:Ad 15.32% 46.377 1 Template:Ambox 8.41% 25.462 1 Template:Use_mdy_dates 6.87% 20.777 1 Template:Citation_needed 5.83% 17.639 1 Template:Fix Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:25346683-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713205251 and revision id 1233911583. 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(Redirected from Minajesty (fragrance) (/w/index.php?title=Minajesty_(fragrance)&redirect=no) ) Trinidadian-born rapper and singer (born 1982) Nicki Minaj Minaj in 2018 Born Onika Tanya Maraj ( 1982-12-08 ) December 8, 1982 (age 41) Port of Spain (/wiki/Port_of_Spain) , Trinidad and Tobago Occupations Rapper singer songwriter actress Years active 2004–present Works Discography (/wiki/Nicki_Minaj_discography) songs recorded (/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_Nicki_Minaj) videography (/wiki/Nicki_Minaj_videography) performances (/wiki/List_of_Nicki_Minaj_live_performances) Spouse Kenneth Petty ​ ( m. 2019) ​ Partners Safaree Samuels (/wiki/Safaree_Samuels) (2000–2014) Meek Mill (/wiki/Meek_Mill) (2014–2016) [1] (#cite_note-1) Children 1 Awards Full list (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Nicki_Minaj) Musical career Origin New York City, US Genres Hip hop (/wiki/Hip_hop_music) [2] (#cite_note-Independent-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) pop (/wiki/Pop_music) [4] (#cite_note-4) pop rap (/wiki/Pop_rap) [5] (#cite_note-5) Instruments Vocals Labels Young Money (/wiki/Young_Money_Entertainment) Cash Money (/wiki/Cash_Money_Records) Republic (/wiki/Republic_Records) Heavy On It Website nickiminajofficial (http://nickiminajofficial.com) .com (http://nickiminajofficial.com) Musical artist Onika Tanya Maraj-Petty (born December 8, 1982), known professionally as Nicki Minaj ( / (/wiki/Help:IPA/English) ˈ n ɪ k i m ɪ ˈ n ɑː ʒ / (/wiki/Help:IPA/English) NIK -ee min- AHZH ), is a Trinidadian-born [a] (#cite_note-7) rapper and singer based in the United States. Often referred to as the " Queen of Rap (/wiki/Queen_of_Rap) ", she is known for her musical versatility, animated rap flow (/wiki/Flow_(rapping)) , and alter egos (/wiki/Alter_ego) . She first gained recognition after releasing three mixtapes (/wiki/Nicki_Minaj_discography#Mixtapes) between 2007 and 2009. Minaj's debut album, Pink Friday (/wiki/Pink_Friday) (2010), topped the US Billboard 200 (/wiki/Billboard_200) chart. Its single " Super Bass (/wiki/Super_Bass) " reached number three on the US Billboard Hot 100 (/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100) chart and was certified diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America (/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America) (RIAA). Her follow-up album, Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded (/wiki/Pink_Friday:_Roman_Reloaded) (2012), explored dance-pop (/wiki/Dance-pop) , debuted at number one in both the UK and US, and yielded the international top-ten single " Starships (/wiki/Starships_(song)) ". Minaj's collaboration " Bang Bang (/wiki/Bang_Bang_(Jessie_J,_Ariana_Grande_and_Nicki_Minaj_song)) " (2014) with Ariana Grande (/wiki/Ariana_Grande) and Jessie J (/wiki/Jessie_J) became the first female collaboration to be certified diamond. Her third album, The Pinkprint (/wiki/The_Pinkprint) (2014), marked a return to her hip hop (/wiki/Hip_hop_music) roots. Its second single, " Anaconda (/wiki/Anaconda_(song)) ", peaked at number two on the Hot 100. She achieved her first two US number-one singles in 2020 with the collaborations " Say So (/wiki/Say_So#Remix) " with Doja Cat (/wiki/Doja_Cat) and " Trollz (/wiki/Trollz_(song)) " with 6ix9ine (/wiki/6ix9ine) . In 2022, she earned her first solo number-one on the Hot 100 with " Super Freaky Girl (/wiki/Super_Freaky_Girl) ", the lead single from her fifth album, Pink Friday 2 (/wiki/Pink_Friday_2) (2023), which also debuted atop the Billboard 200. To promote the album, Minaj embarked on the Pink Friday 2 World Tour (/wiki/Pink_Friday_2_World_Tour) in 2024, which became the highest-grossing concert tour by a female rapper. Outside of music, her other ventures have included voice roles in the animated films Ice Age: Continental Drift (/wiki/Ice_Age:_Continental_Drift) (2012) and The Angry Birds Movie 2 (/wiki/The_Angry_Birds_Movie_2) (2019), and supporting roles in the films The Other Woman (/wiki/The_Other_Woman_(2014_film)) (2014) and Barbershop: The Next Cut (/wiki/Barbershop:_The_Next_Cut) (2016). On television, she served as a judge on the twelfth season (/wiki/American_Idol_season_12) of American Idol (/wiki/American_Idol) (2013). Minaj is one of the world's best-selling music artists (/wiki/List_of_best-selling_music_artists) , with over 100 million records sold. [7] (#cite_note-8) Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) ranked her as the top-selling female rapper of the 2010s and one of the greatest rappers of all time (/wiki/Billboard_and_Vibe%27s_50_Greatest_Rappers_of_All_Time) . [8] (#cite_note-9) [9] (#cite_note-billboardgreatest1-10) She has the most number-one albums (3) and top-ten songs (23) in the US for a female rapper. Her various accolades (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Nicki_Minaj) include nine American Music Awards (/wiki/American_Music_Awards) , eight MTV Video Music Awards (/wiki/MTV_Video_Music_Awards) (including the 2022 Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award (/wiki/Michael_Jackson_Video_Vanguard_Award) ), twelve BET Awards (/wiki/BET_Awards) , five Billboard Music Awards (/wiki/Billboard_Music_Awards) , a Brit Award (/wiki/Brit_Awards) , and three Guinness World Records (/wiki/Guinness_World_Records) ; she has received 12 Grammy Awards (/wiki/Grammy_Awards) nominations. In 2016, Time included her on their annual list of the 100 most influential people in the world. Throughout her career, Minaj's outspoken views, feuds with several rappers, her personal life, and her fanbase have received significant controversy. [10] (#cite_note-11) [11] (#cite_note-12) Early life Onika Tanya Maraj was born on December 8, 1982, [12] (#cite_note-13) [13] (#cite_note-IndiaToday-14) in the Saint James (/wiki/Saint_James,_Trinidad_and_Tobago) district of Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago. [14] (#cite_note-Biography-15) [15] (#cite_note-16) Her father was Robert Maraj (1956–2021), [16] (#cite_note-father's_death-17) a financial executive and part-time gospel singer of Dougla (/wiki/Dougla) (Afro-Trinidadian mother and Indo-Trinidadian father) descent. [13] (#cite_note-IndiaToday-14) Her mother, Carol, is also a gospel singer with Afro-Trinidadian ancestry. [17] (#cite_note-18) Carol worked in payroll and accounting departments during Minaj's youth. [18] (#cite_note-19) [19] (#cite_note-20) Minaj's father was addicted to alcohol and crack cocaine (/wiki/Crack_cocaine) [20] (#cite_note-21) and had a violent temper, burning down their house in December 1987. [21] (#cite_note-dailyexpress-22) She has an older brother named Jelani, [22] (#cite_note-23) a younger brother named Micaiah, [23] (#cite_note-24) and a younger sister named Ming. [24] (#cite_note-25) As a child, Minaj and Jelani grew up with their grandmother in Saint James in a household with 11 cousins. [21] (#cite_note-dailyexpress-22) Carol was working numerous jobs in Saint James before getting her green card (/wiki/Green_card) at the age of 24. She then moved to the Bronx (/wiki/The_Bronx) in New York to attend Monroe College (/wiki/Monroe_College) , leaving both Minaj and Jelani in Trinidad with their grandmother. Eventually, when Minaj was five, Carol got her first house, on 147th Street in South Jamaica, Queens (/wiki/South_Jamaica,_Queens) and brought both Minaj and Jelani to live with her and their father. [21] (#cite_note-dailyexpress-22) Minaj claimed she came to the United States as an illegal immigrant, although by the time she moved to the United States her mother and subsequently her father had lawful permanent residency. [6] (#cite_note-Penrose-6) Minaj recalled, "I don't think I had a lot of discipline in my household. My mom motivated me, but it wasn't a strict household. I kind of wanted a strict household." [25] (#cite_note-26) Minaj successfully auditioned for admission to Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts (/wiki/Fiorello_H._LaGuardia_High_School) , which focuses on visual and performing arts. [14] (#cite_note-Biography-15) After graduation, Minaj wanted to become an actress, and she was cast in the Off-Broadway (/wiki/Off-Broadway) play In Case You Forget in 2001. [26] (#cite_note-27) At the age of 19, as she struggled with her acting career, she worked as a waitress at a Red Lobster (/wiki/Red_Lobster_(restaurant)) in the Bronx, but was fired for discourtesy to customers. [27] (#cite_note-28) She said she was fired from "at least 15 jobs" for similar reasons. [28] (#cite_note-billboard1-29) Other jobs included customer service representative (/wiki/Customer_service_representative) and office management (/wiki/Office_management) on Wall Street (/wiki/Wall_Street) . Minaj recalls buying a BMW (/wiki/BMW) as a 19-year-old with the money from waitressing. [29] (#cite_note-30) Career 2004–2009: Career beginnings and mixtapes Further information: Playtime Is Over (mixtape) (/wiki/Playtime_Is_Over_(mixtape)) , Sucka Free (/wiki/Sucka_Free) , and Beam Me Up Scotty (mixtape) (/wiki/Beam_Me_Up_Scotty_(mixtape)) Minaj briefly signed with Brooklyn (/wiki/Brooklyn) group Full Force (/wiki/Full_Force) , in which she rapped in a quartet called the Hoodstars (/wiki/The_Hoodstars) composed of Lou$tar (son of " Bowlegged Lou (/wiki/Full_Force) "), Safaree Samuels (/wiki/Safaree_Samuels) (Scaff Beezy) and 7even Up. [30] (#cite_note-31) [31] (#cite_note-32) In 2004, the group recorded the entrance song for WWE Diva (/wiki/Women_in_WWE) Victoria (/wiki/Lisa_Marie_Varon) , "Don't Mess With", which was featured on the compilation album ThemeAddict: WWE The Music, Vol.6 (/wiki/ThemeAddict:_WWE_The_Music,_Vol._6) . Minaj later left Full Force and uploaded songs on her Myspace (/wiki/Myspace) profile, sending several of her songs to people in the music industry (/wiki/Music_industry) . Later, Fendi, CEO of Brooklyn label Dirty Money Entertainment, signed Minaj to his label in 2007 under a 180-day contract. [32] (#cite_note-33) Originally adopting the stage name Nicki Maraj, she eventually changed it to Nicki Minaj stating that "my real name is Maraj. Fendi flipped it when he met me because I had such a nasty flow!" [33] (#cite_note-34) Minaj released her first mixtape, Playtime Is Over (/wiki/Playtime_Is_Over_(mixtape)) , on July 5, 2007, [34] (#cite_note-35) and her second, Sucka Free (/wiki/Sucka_Free) , on April 12, 2008. [35] (#cite_note-36) She released her third mixtape, Beam Me Up Scotty (/wiki/Beam_Me_Up_Scotty_(mixtape)) , on April 18, 2009; [36] (#cite_note-37) it received favorable coverage on BET (/wiki/BET) and MTV (/wiki/MTV) . [37] (#cite_note-38) [38] (#cite_note-39) At the time, she was managed by Debra Antney. One of its tracks, " I Get Crazy (/wiki/I_Get_Crazy) ", reached number 20 on the U.S. Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) Hot Rap Songs (/wiki/Hot_Rap_Songs) chart and number 37 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (/wiki/Hot_R%26B/Hip-Hop_Songs) chart. [39] (#cite_note-AllMusicAwards-40) After Minaj was discovered by fellow rapper Lil Wayne (/wiki/Lil_Wayne) , [40] (#cite_note-41) she signed a recording contract with his Young Money Entertainment (/wiki/Young_Money_Entertainment) . [41] (#cite_note-42) That November, she appeared with Gucci Mane (/wiki/Gucci_Mane) and Trina (/wiki/Trina) on the remix of " 5 Star Bitch (/wiki/5_Star_Bitch) " by Yo Gotti (/wiki/Yo_Gotti) . [42] (#cite_note-43) In early February 2010, Minaj made her first two appearances on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 (/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100) chart with her features on " Knockout (/wiki/Knockout_(Lil_Wayne_song)) " and " Up Out My Face (/wiki/Up_Out_My_Face) " by Lil Wayne (/wiki/Lil_Wayne) and Mariah Carey (/wiki/Mariah_Carey) respectively. [43] (#cite_note-44) [44] (#cite_note-MCNMUPMFHot_100-45) Minaj also appeared on " BedRock (/wiki/BedRock) " and " Roger That (/wiki/Roger_That_(song)) " on the compilation album (/wiki/Compilation_album) , We Are Young Money (/wiki/We_Are_Young_Money) (2009). [45] (#cite_note-46) [46] (#cite_note-47) The singles peaked at numbers two and 56, respectively, in the U.S. Their parent album reached number nine on the U.S. Billboard 200 (/wiki/Billboard_200) , and was certified platinum (/wiki/RIAA_certification) by the Recording Industry Association of America (/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America) (RIAA). [47] (#cite_note-YoungMoneyAwards-48) [48] (#cite_note-United_StatesYoung_MoneyWe_Are_Young_MoneyalbumCertRef-49) At Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) 's suggestion, Robin Thicke (/wiki/Robin_Thicke) featured Minaj on his single " Shakin' It 4 Daddy (/wiki/Shakin%27_It_4_Daddy) ". [49] (#cite_note-50) Allison Stewart of The Washington Post (/wiki/The_Washington_Post) stated that, during that time, she "became the go-to girl for artists who wanted to add some skank to their tracks without sullying themselves in the process". [50] (#cite_note-51) Minaj became the first female solo artist to have seven singles simultaneously charting in the U.S. [51] (#cite_note-52) 2010–2011: Breakthrough with Pink Friday Further information: Pink Friday (/wiki/Pink_Friday) Minaj performing in 2010 On March 29, 2010, Minaj released " Massive Attack (/wiki/Massive_Attack_(song)) " featuring Sean Garrett (/wiki/Sean_Garrett) . [52] (#cite_note-53) Intended as the lead single from her forthcoming debut album, Pink Friday (/wiki/Pink_Friday) , the song was dropped from the album due to poor commercial performance. [53] (#cite_note-54) [54] (#cite_note-55) The next single, " Your Love (/wiki/Your_Love_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) ", later became the album's lead single. [55] (#cite_note-56) Released in June, it peaked at number 14 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 and number one on the Rap Songs chart. [39] (#cite_note-AllMusicAwards-40) The rapper was then featured on Christina Aguilera (/wiki/Christina_Aguilera) 's song " Woohoo (/wiki/Woohoo_(Christina_Aguilera_song)) ", which reached number 46 on the Canadian Hot 100 (/wiki/Canadian_Hot_100) and number 79 on Billboard Hot 100. [56] (#cite_note-57) [57] (#cite_note-58) [58] (#cite_note-59) In September, Minaj released " Check It Out (/wiki/Check_It_Out_(will.i.am_and_Nicki_Minaj_song)) " with will.i.am (/wiki/Will.i.am) and " Right Thru Me (/wiki/Right_Thru_Me) " as follow-up singles. [59] (#cite_note-60) [60] (#cite_note-61) [61] (#cite_note-62) In October, Minaj was featured on Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) 's " Monster (/wiki/Monster_(Kanye_West_song)) ", a posse cut (/wiki/Posse_cut) with Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) and Rick Ross (/wiki/Rick_Ross) featuring vocals from Justin Vernon (/wiki/Justin_Vernon) of Bon Iver (/wiki/Bon_Iver) . Her verse received widespread acclaim with many critics regarding it as the best verse on that song. Complex rated Minaj's "Monster" verse as the number-one best rap verse in the past five years, [62] (#cite_note-63) while Sean Fennessey of The Village Voice (/wiki/The_Village_Voice) stated that "Monster" was "the track that announced Minaj's "brilliance" to most people." [63] (#cite_note-Fennessey-64) Shortly after, she performed "Monster" with West and Jay-Z at Yankee Stadium (/wiki/Yankee_Stadium) , becoming the first ever female rapper to perform there. In November 2010, Minaj received her first Grammy Award (/wiki/Grammy_Award) nomination for her guest verse on Ludacris (/wiki/Ludacris) ' song " My Chick Bad (/wiki/My_Chick_Bad) ". [64] (#cite_note-65) Pink Friday was released on November 19, 2010, debuting at number two and later reaching number one on the Billboard 200, with first-week sales of 375,000 copies. [65] (#cite_note-66) [66] (#cite_note-OpeningWeeks-67) It had the largest sales week for a female rap album in the 21st century and second-highest sales week overall after Lauryn Hill (/wiki/Lauryn_Hill) 's The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill (/wiki/The_Miseducation_of_Lauryn_Hill) (1998). Upon release, the album received generally positive reviews from critics. [67] (#cite_note-mc-68) It was certified platinum (/wiki/RIAA_certification) in December, with it becoming the first album by a solo female rapper to go platinum in seven years. [68] (#cite_note-69) [69] (#cite_note-70) " Moment 4 Life (/wiki/Moment_4_Life) " featuring Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) was released as the fourth single from Pink Friday , [70] (#cite_note-71) on December 7, 2010. Minaj performed "Right Thru Me" and "Moment 4 Life" as the musical guest on the January 29, 2011, episode (/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live_season_36#ep693) of Saturday Night Live (/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live) . [71] (#cite_note-72) " Super Bass (/wiki/Super_Bass) ", the album's fifth single, was released in April 2011. [72] (#cite_note-73) It became a sleeper hit (/wiki/Sleeper_hit) and commercially successful, ultimately peaking at number three on the Hot 100. [39] (#cite_note-AllMusicAwards-40) It was eventually certified 12-times platinum in the U.S. [73] (#cite_note-74) Super Bass was the highest-charting solo single by a female rapper since Missy Elliott (/wiki/Missy_Elliott) 's " Work It (/wiki/Work_It_(Missy_Elliott_song)) " in 2002. The music video has over 1 billion views on YouTube as of April 2024. [74] (#cite_note-75) [75] (#cite_note-76) [ non-primary source needed ] Early in her career, Minaj identified as bisexual (/wiki/Bisexuality) and made several references to it in her music. However, she eventually stated in a 2010 Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) interview, "I think girls are sexy, but I'm not going to lie and say that I date girls." [76] (#cite_note-77) She once again addressed her sexuality in 2020 on Doja Cat (/wiki/Doja_Cat) 's " Say So (/wiki/Say_So) " remix. The lyrics divided members of the LGBT (/wiki/LGBTQ%2B) community, with some accusing her of " bisexual erasure (/wiki/Bisexual_erasure) " while others voicing there is nothing wrong with originally identifying as bisexual, and then later identifying as straight. [77] (#cite_note-78) [78] (#cite_note-79) Minaj was one of the opening acts on Britney Spears (/wiki/Britney_Spears) ' 2011 Femme Fatale Tour (/wiki/Femme_Fatale_Tour) . [79] (#cite_note-80) She and Kesha (/wiki/Kesha) appeared on the remix of Spears' " Till the World Ends (/wiki/Till_the_World_Ends) ", which peaked at number three in the U.S. [80] (#cite_note-81) On August 7, 2011, Minaj experienced a wardrobe malfunction (/wiki/Wardrobe_malfunction) during a live performance on Good Morning America (/wiki/Good_Morning_America) when she revealed her left nipple. Both ABC (/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company) and Minaj apologized for the incident, with Minaj denying it was a publicity stunt. [81] (#cite_note-82) [82] (#cite_note-83) Minaj continued to perform at high-profile events throughout 2011 with Donatella Versace (/wiki/Donatella_Versace) inviting her to perform with Prince (/wiki/Prince_(musician)) for the introduction of a Versace (/wiki/Versace) collection for H&M (/wiki/H%26M) . She also performed "Super Bass" at the 2011 Victoria's Secret Fashion Show (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show) . [83] (#cite_note-84) In December 2011, Minaj was nominated for three Grammy Awards, including Best New Artist (/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_New_Artist) and Best Rap Album (/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Rap_Album) for Pink Friday . [84] (#cite_note-85) Also that year, she won the MTV Video Music Award for Best Hip-Hop Video (/wiki/MTV_Video_Music_Award_for_Best_Hip-Hop_Video) for " Super Bass (/wiki/Super_Bass) ", marking her first VMA (/wiki/MTV_Video_Music_Award) win. [85] (#cite_note-86) 2012–2013: Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded and American Idol Further information: Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded (/wiki/Pink_Friday:_Roman_Reloaded) and Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded – The Re-Up (/wiki/Pink_Friday:_Roman_Reloaded_%E2%80%93_The_Re-Up) Minaj performing in the Hammersmith Apollo (/wiki/Hammersmith_Apollo) during 2012 " Starships (/wiki/Starships_(song)) " was released in February 2012 as the lead single from Minaj's forthcoming second album, Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded (/wiki/Pink_Friday:_Roman_Reloaded) . [86] (#cite_note-87) The song reached number five on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100, [39] (#cite_note-AllMusicAwards-40) and went on to become the fifth best-selling single of 2012. [87] (#cite_note-88) Her crossover into pop music was criticized by some, despite her commercial success. [88] (#cite_note-crossover-89) Follow-up singles " Beez in the Trap (/wiki/Beez_in_the_Trap) " featuring 2 Chainz (/wiki/2_Chainz) and " Right by My Side (/wiki/Right_by_My_Side) " featuring Chris Brown (/wiki/Chris_Brown) were released shortly after. [89] (#cite_note-90) [90] (#cite_note-91) Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded was eventually released on April 2, 2012, two months later than initially planned. [91] (#cite_note-92) It was preceded by the promotional singles " Roman in Moscow (/wiki/Roman_in_Moscow) " and " Stupid Hoe (/wiki/Stupid_Hoe) ". [92] (#cite_note-93) [93] (#cite_note-94) The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200, with first-week sales of 253,000 copies, and was certified two-times platinum by the RIAA in March 2016. [66] (#cite_note-OpeningWeeks-67) [94] (#cite_note-United_StatesNicki_MinajPink_Friday:_Roman_ReloadedalbumCertRef-95) However, the mix of hip-hop songs and mainstream pop material received mixed reviews. [95] (#cite_note-96) " Pound the Alarm (/wiki/Pound_the_Alarm) " and " Va Va Voom (/wiki/Va_Va_Voom) " were later released as the final singles from the album. [96] (#cite_note-97) [97] (#cite_note-98) Minaj along with fellow rapper M.I.A. (/wiki/M.I.A._(rapper)) joined Madonna (/wiki/Madonna) to perform the single, " Give Me All Your Luvin (/wiki/Give_Me_All_Your_Luvin%27) " during the Super Bowl XLVI halftime show (/wiki/Super_Bowl_XLVI_halftime_show) on February 6, 2012. [98] (#cite_note-99) Minaj was the first solo female rapper to perform at the Grammy Awards (/wiki/Grammy_Award) , performing " Roman Holiday (/wiki/Roman_Holiday_(song)) " during the 2012 ceremony (/wiki/54th_Grammy_Awards) on February 12. [99] (#cite_note-100) Her exorcism (/wiki/Exorcism) -themed performance was controversial, with the American Catholic League (/wiki/Catholic_League_(US)) and its president criticizing her performance. [100] (#cite_note-101) [101] (#cite_note-popescene1-102) [102] (#cite_note-103) Minaj began her headlining Pink Friday Tour (/wiki/Pink_Friday_Tour) on May 16, 2012, which was followed by the Pink Friday: Reloaded Tour (/wiki/Pink_Friday:_Reloaded_Tour) beginning October 14, 2012. [103] (#cite_note-104) [104] (#cite_note-105) Although she was scheduled to headline the June 3 Hot 97 (/wiki/WQHT) Summer Jam (/wiki/Summer_Jam_(festival)) at MetLife Stadium (/wiki/MetLife_Stadium) in New Jersey (/wiki/New_Jersey) , at the request of Lil Wayne (/wiki/Lil_Wayne) she canceled her appearance the day of the show after Peter Rosenberg (/wiki/Peter_Rosenberg) of the station dismissed her single "Starships" as "not real hip-hop". [105] (#cite_note-106) The following month, she voiced Steffie (/wiki/List_of_Ice_Age_characters#Steffie) in the animated film Ice Age: Continental Drift (/wiki/Ice_Age:_Continental_Drift) (2012). [106] (#cite_note-107) Minaj won awards for Best Female Video (/wiki/Best_Female_Video) (for "Starships") at the 2012 MTV Video Music Awards (/wiki/2012_MTV_Video_Music_Awards) and Best Hip-Hop (/wiki/MTV_Europe_Music_Award_for_Best_Hip-Hop) at the 2012 MTV Europe Music Awards (/wiki/2012_MTV_Europe_Music_Awards) . [107] (#cite_note-108) An expanded version of Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded , subtitled The Re-Up (/wiki/Pink_Friday:_Roman_Reloaded_%E2%80%93_The_Re-Up) , was released on November 19, 2012, with seven new songs. [108] (#cite_note-109) That month, she was the subject of a three-part E! (/wiki/E!) documentary titled Nicki Minaj: My Truth . [109] (#cite_note-voomvideo-110) In September, Minaj joined the judges' panel for the twelfth season (/wiki/American_Idol_(season_12)) of American Idol (/wiki/American_Idol) with Mariah Carey (/wiki/Mariah_Carey) , Keith Urban (/wiki/Keith_Urban) , and Randy Jackson (/wiki/Randy_Jackson) . [110] (#cite_note-111) Throughout the show there were disagreements between Carey and Minaj, with both of them leaving the series at the end of the season. [111] (#cite_note-112) [112] (#cite_note-113) [113] (#cite_note-114) [114] (#cite_note-115) 2014–2017: The Pinkprint and acting ventures Further information: The Pinkprint (/wiki/The_Pinkprint) Minaj's first live-action theatrical film The Other Woman (/wiki/The_Other_Woman_(2014_film)) was filmed in spring 2013 and premiered on April 25, 2014. [115] (#cite_note-116) As she was working on her third studio album The Pinkprint , she described the album as "a continuation of The Re-Up (/wiki/Pink_Friday:_Roman_Reloaded_%E2%80%93_The_Re-Up) with a lot more" and said it would focus on her "hip hop roots". [116] (#cite_note-117) [117] (#cite_note-118) [118] (#cite_note-119) During an MTV (/wiki/MTV) interview, she additionally said that it would be "next level" and that she has "much to talk about". [119] (#cite_note-120) " Pills n Potions (/wiki/Pills_n_Potions) " was released as the lead single from The Pinkprint in May 2014. [120] (#cite_note-121) In July, she appeared on the song " Bang Bang (/wiki/Bang_Bang_(Jessie_J,_Ariana_Grande_and_Nicki_Minaj_song)) " with singers Jessie J (/wiki/Jessie_J) and Ariana Grande (/wiki/Ariana_Grande) , which peaked at number three on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 [121] (#cite_note-bangbangdiamond-122) and marked Minaj's first number-one on the UK singles chart (/wiki/UK_singles_chart) . [122] (#cite_note-123) "Bang Bang" was certified diamond by the RIAA in May 2024, for recognized sales of 10 million units; it became the first all-female collaboration to achieve the certification. [121] (#cite_note-bangbangdiamond-122) Its music video has nearly 2 billion views on YouTube, as of June 2024. [121] (#cite_note-bangbangdiamond-122) " Anaconda (/wiki/Anaconda_(song)) " was released in August as the second single from the album, peaking at number two, which became her highest-charting single in the U.S. at the time. [123] (#cite_note-anacondan2hot100-124) [124] (#cite_note-125) Its ascent from number 39 to number two in its third week marked the second-biggest jump within the chart's top 40 region, at the time. [123] (#cite_note-anacondan2hot100-124) The music video for "Anaconda" went viral (/wiki/Viral_video) upon release online; it set a 24-hour Vevo (/wiki/Vevo) record, accumulating 19.6 million views on its first day of release, breaking the record previously held by Miley Cyrus (/wiki/Miley_Cyrus) for " Wrecking Ball (/wiki/Wrecking_Ball_(Miley_Cyrus_song)) ". [125] (#cite_note-126) It has over 1.1 billion views on YouTube, as of June 2024. On November 9, 2014, Minaj hosted the 2014 MTV Europe Music Awards (/wiki/2014_MTV_Europe_Music_Awards) in Glasgow, Scotland. [126] (#cite_note-:1-127) She also won the Best Hip-Hop Award for a second time. [126] (#cite_note-:1-127) The Pinkprint was officially released on December 15, 2014, and debuted at number two in the U.S., with first week sales of 244,000 equivalent units (198,000 in pure album sales and 46,000 combined album-equivalent units and streams (/wiki/Streaming_media) ). [127] (#cite_note-128) [128] (#cite_note-129) Upon release, critics praised the production and personal lyrics. [129] (#cite_note-130) Minaj in a 2016 interview At the 58th Grammy Awards (/wiki/58th_Annual_Grammy_Awards) , Minaj received three more Grammy Award nominations, including a second Best Rap Album nomination for The Pinkprint , a Best Rap Song (/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Rap_Song) nomination for "Anaconda" and a Best Pop Duo/Group Performance (/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Pop_Duo/Group_Performance) nomination for "Bang Bang". [130] (#cite_note-131) [131] (#cite_note-132) In March 2015, Minaj embarked on her third world tour entitled The Pinkprint Tour (/wiki/The_Pinkprint_Tour) and also became the first female artist to chart four songs simultaneously in the top 10 of Billboard ' s Mainstream R&B/Hip-Hop airplay chart. [132] (#cite_note-133) At the 2015 BET Awards (/wiki/2015_BET_Awards) , Minaj won her sixth consecutive award for Best Female Hip-Hop Artist (/wiki/BET_Award_for_Best_Hip-Hop_Artists) , becoming the female rapper with most wins in that category. [133] (#cite_note-134) In August 2015, Madame Tussauds (/wiki/Madame_Tussauds_Las_Vegas) unveiled a wax figure (/wiki/Wax_sculpture) of Minaj, which depicted a pose from the "Anaconda" music video. [134] (#cite_note-135) [135] (#cite_note-136) The attraction received criticism from some, including Angharad Welsh of The Independent (/wiki/The_Independent) , who called it "a sexist, racist mistake". [136] (#cite_note-137) [137] (#cite_note-138) Despite this, Minaj voiced her approval of the wax figure on social media. [138] (#cite_note-:7-139) In May 2015, it was announced that Minaj would feature in the third installment of the Barbershop (/wiki/Barbershop_(film_series)) film series, alongside Ice Cube (/wiki/Ice_Cube) , Cedric the Entertainer (/wiki/Cedric_the_Entertainer) , Eve (/wiki/Eve_(rapper)) , and other original cast members. [139] (#cite_note-BB:Bshop2-140) Titled Barbershop: The Next Cut (/wiki/Barbershop:_The_Next_Cut) , the film was released on April 15, 2016. For Minaj's performance as a "sassy" hairdresser named Draya, she was nominated for a Teen Choice Award (/wiki/Teen_Choice_Awards) for Choice Movie Actress: Comedy (/wiki/Teen_Choice_Award_for_Choice_Movie_Actress_%E2%80%93_Comedy) . [139] (#cite_note-BB:Bshop2-140) [140] (#cite_note-TeenChoice-141) In September 2015, it was announced that Minaj would executive produce and appear in a scripted single-camera (/wiki/Single-camera_setup) comedy series for ABC Family (now Freeform (/wiki/Freeform_(TV_channel)) ) based on her life growing up in Queens (/wiki/Queens) , New York City. [141] (#cite_note-DeadlineNickiSeries2-142) The show was titled Nicki and the pilot episode was filmed in Minaj's hometown in January 2016. [141] (#cite_note-DeadlineNickiSeries2-142) In October 2016, Minaj stated the filming was postponed for undisclosed reasons. [142] (#cite_note-143) In January 2017, she announced that she had ended her relationship with Meek Mill. [143] (#cite_note-144) [144] (#cite_note-145) [145] (#cite_note-146) In February 2017, Minaj and Ty Dolla Sign (/wiki/Ty_Dolla_Sign) was featured on Jason Derulo (/wiki/Jason_Derulo) 's single " Swalla (/wiki/Swalla) " which reached the top ten in several countries, including a peak of number six in the UK. [146] (#cite_note-147) [147] (#cite_note-148) The following month, Minaj signed with the major modeling agency, Wilhelmina Models (/wiki/Wilhelmina_Models) . [148] (#cite_note-149) On March 20, 2017, when her singles " No Frauds (/wiki/No_Frauds) ", " Changed It (/wiki/Changed_It) ", and " Regret in Your Tears (/wiki/Regret_in_Your_Tears) " were released simultaneously, Minaj broke the record for the most Billboard Hot 100 entries for a female artist, which at the time was previously held by Aretha Franklin (/wiki/Aretha_Franklin) . [149] (#cite_note-150) In May 2017, Minaj opened the 2017 (/wiki/2017_Billboard_Music_Awards) Billboard Music Awards (/wiki/2017_Billboard_Music_Awards) with a medley performance that was described by Elias Leight of Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) as "flamboyantly produced" and "dexterous". [150] (#cite_note-151) Throughout the remainder of 2017, Minaj performed guest verses on several singles, including Migos (/wiki/Migos) ' " MotorSport (/wiki/MotorSport) " and Yo Gotti (/wiki/Yo_Gotti) 's " Rake It Up (/wiki/Rake_It_Up) ", both of which peaked inside the top ten in the U.S. at numbers six and eight, respectively. [151] (#cite_note-hot100_history-152) She also featured on Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) 's " Swish Swish (/wiki/Swish_Swish) ", which was certified platinum in the U.S. and Canada. [152] (#cite_note-153) She briefly dated rapper Nas (/wiki/Nas) in 2017 before they broke up in January 2018. [153] (#cite_note-154) [154] (#cite_note-155) 2018–2019: Queen Further information: Queen (Nicki Minaj album) (/wiki/Queen_(Nicki_Minaj_album)) After a social media hiatus, Minaj released two singles from her fourth studio album Queen (/wiki/Queen_(Nicki_Minaj_album)) . She released " Chun-Li (/wiki/Chun-Li_(song)) " and " Barbie Tingz (/wiki/Barbie_Tingz) " simultaneously on April 12, 2018, with both reaching number ten and number twenty-five in the U.S. respectively. [155] (#cite_note-:32-156) She performed "Chun-Li" on Saturday Night Live (/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live) and the 2018 BET Awards (/wiki/BET_Awards_2018) . [156] (#cite_note-:2-157) [157] (#cite_note-158) While "Chun Li" appears on the tracklist of the album, "Barbie Tingz" is only included on the Target (/wiki/Target_Corporation) version of the album. [158] (#cite_note-:04-159) On the red carpet of the 2018 Met Gala (/wiki/Met_Gala) , she announced the title of the album and the original release date. [159] (#cite_note-160) The second single, " Bed (/wiki/Bed_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) ", featuring Ariana Grande (/wiki/Ariana_Grande) was released on June 14, 2018, alongside the album pre-order, reaching number 42 on the Hot 100. [160] (#cite_note-161) [161] (#cite_note-Rich_Sex-162) [162] (#cite_note-163) [ non-primary source needed ] Additionally, Minaj appeared as a featured artist on the song " Fefe (/wiki/Fefe_(song)) " along with Murda Beatz (/wiki/Murda_Beatz) and Tekashi 6ix9ine (/wiki/6ix9ine) . It debuted at number four in the U.S., marking Minaj's highest debut on the chart at the time, besting the sixth place start of "Bang Bang" in 2014. [163] (#cite_note-US_peak-164) [164] (#cite_note-bb-165) It later peaked at number three and was added to Queen in the middle of its first tracking week. [163] (#cite_note-US_peak-164) [165] (#cite_note-166) The day before the album's release, Minaj launched her own Beats 1 (/wiki/Apple_Music_1) radio show, Queen Radio . [166] (#cite_note-167) [167] (#cite_note-168) Minaj performing at the 2018 MTV Video Music Awards (/wiki/2018_MTV_Video_Music_Awards) Queen received multiple delays before finally being released on August 10, 2018. [168] (#cite_note-169) [169] (#cite_note-170) [170] (#cite_note-:4-171) It debuted at number two on the U.S. Billboard 200 with 185,000 album-equivalent units (/wiki/Album-equivalent_unit) , of which 78,000 came from pure album sales. [171] (#cite_note-172) It also debuted at number five in the UK and at number four in Australia, marking Minaj's highest debut in the latter country. [172] (#cite_note-173) [173] (#cite_note-174) Minaj later expressed frustration and criticized several people including Travis Scott (/wiki/Travis_Scott) , whose album Astroworld (/wiki/Astroworld_(album)) claimed the top spot for a second week in a row, blocking Queen from the top spot. Minaj alleged that Travis Scott sold shirts, merchandise, and ticket passes for an unnannounced tour to boost his album sales. [174] (#cite_note-billboard.com-175) This controversy and Queen 's roll-out was documented by several news outlets and commentators. [175] (#cite_note-176) [176] (#cite_note-177) [177] (#cite_note-178) Queen received generally positive reviews, with some critics deriding the album's length and direction. [178] (#cite_note-179) The album was certified Platinum by the RIAA (/wiki/RIAA) in January 2019, for moving over 1 million equivalent units. [179] (#cite_note-180) Minaj performing with Little Mix (/wiki/Little_Mix) at the 2018 MTV Europe Music Awards (/wiki/2018_MTV_Europe_Music_Awards) Minaj performed at the 2018 MTV Video Music Awards (/wiki/2018_MTV_Video_Music_Awards) where she also won her fourth MTV Video Music Award for the "Chun-Li" music video. [180] (#cite_note-181) The same month, she featured on the remix of " Idol (/wiki/Idol_(BTS_song)) " by South Korean boy band BTS (/wiki/BTS) . It debuted and peaked at number eleven in the U.S. which was the group's second highest-charting song at the time. [181] (#cite_note-182) She also featured on the song " Woman Like Me (/wiki/Woman_Like_Me) " by British girl group Little Mix (/wiki/Little_Mix) , which was released on October 12, 2018. [182] (#cite_note-183) A music video was shortly released after, with Minaj and Little Mix later performing the song together at the 2018 MTV Europe Music Awards (/wiki/2018_MTV_Europe_Music_Awards) . [183] (#cite_note-184) She was also featured on "Dip" (/wiki/Dip_(song)) by American rapper Tyga (/wiki/Tyga) which reached number sixty-three in the U.S. making her the first female artist to have 100 entries on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. [184] (#cite_note-185) She later attended the year-end Billboard Women in Music (/wiki/Billboard_Women_in_Music) event, receiving the Game Changer Award for the accomplishment. [185] (#cite_note-186) In September, Minaj co-headlined the annual Made in America Festival (/wiki/Made_in_America_Festival) and suffered another wardrobe malfunction when the front of her outfit fell open. [186] (#cite_note-187) In November, she was invited to the DWP music festival in China but did not perform due to problems with the company hosting the event. [187] (#cite_note-188) The next year in April 2019, Minaj made a surprise guest appearance at the 2019 Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival (/wiki/Coachella_Valley_Music_and_Arts_Festival) during Ariana Grande (/wiki/Ariana_Grande) 's set where they performed their collaborations " Side to Side (/wiki/Side_to_Side) " and " Bang Bang (/wiki/Bang_Bang_(Jessie_J,_Ariana_Grande_and_Nicki_Minaj_song)) ". However, she experienced technical difficulties with her earpiece. [188] (#cite_note-189) Later that month, Minaj parted ways with her longtime management team after a mutual agreement, with American entertainment executive Irving Azoff (/wiki/Irving_Azoff) serving as her new manager. [189] (#cite_note-190) [190] (#cite_note-191) In June 2019, Minaj released a standalone single titled " Megatron (/wiki/Megatron_(song)) " along with an accompanying music video. In the U.S., the song debuted at number twenty. A month later, she provided information on her upcoming fifth studio album, appearing on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon (/wiki/The_Tonight_Show_Starring_Jimmy_Fallon) , stating that "there's definitely a new album, of course." [191] (#cite_note-192) She featured on the song " Hot Girl Summer (/wiki/Hot_Girl_Summer) " alongside fellow female rapper Megan Thee Stallion (/wiki/Megan_Thee_Stallion) in August 2019, which reached number eleven in the U.S. [192] (#cite_note-193) Minaj had a voice role as Pinky in The Angry Birds Movie 2 (/wiki/The_Angry_Birds_Movie_2) , which was released in August 2019. [193] (#cite_note-194) In November, Minaj appeared on the Charlie's Angels: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack (/wiki/Charlie%27s_Angels:_Original_Motion_Picture_Soundtrack) on the song "Bad To You", along with Ariana Grande (/wiki/Ariana_Grande) and Normani (/wiki/Normani) , marking her sixth collaboration with Grande. [194] (#cite_note-195) Minaj also collaborated with Colombian singer Karol G (/wiki/Karol_G) on the song " Tusa (/wiki/Tusa_(song)) ", which was released to streaming platforms on November 7. The song reached forty-two in the U.S. and reached the top of many other charts including the " Hot Latin Songs (/wiki/Hot_Latin_Songs) " chart, which made it the first song with two lead female artists to debut in such position. [195] (#cite_note-ReferenceB-196) "Tusa" later became the longest-running number one single in Argentina, spending five months on the top of the chart. [196] (#cite_note-ArgentinaHot100-197) 2020–2021: Beam Me Up Scotty re-release Further information: Beam Me Up Scotty (mixtape) (/wiki/Beam_Me_Up_Scotty_(mixtape)) In January 2020, Minaj was featured on " Nice to Meet Ya (/wiki/Nice_to_Meet_Ya_(Meghan_Trainor_song)) " by American singer-songwriter Meghan Trainor (/wiki/Meghan_Trainor) . [197] (#cite_note-198) [198] (#cite_note-199) In February, she released a standalone song called " Yikes (/wiki/Yikes_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) " as a promotional single. [199] (#cite_note-200) [200] (#cite_note-201) By the end of that month, Minaj appeared as a guest judge on the twelfth season (/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Drag_Race_(season_12)) 's premiere of the reality television show RuPaul's Drag Race (/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Drag_Race) . [201] (#cite_note-202) [202] (#cite_note-203) In May, fellow rapper Doja Cat (/wiki/Doja_Cat) announced a collaboration with Minaj on two remixes of her song " Say So (/wiki/Say_So) ". The remix later debuted at number one on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 (/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100) , becoming both Minaj and Doja Cat's first single to reach number one in the U.S. It became the first all-female collaboration that had reached number one in the U.S. since " Fancy (/wiki/Fancy_(Iggy_Azalea_song)) " by Australian rapper Iggy Azalea (/wiki/Iggy_Azalea) featuring English singer Charli XCX (/wiki/Charli_XCX) did it in 2014. [203] (#cite_note-bbhot100-peak12-204) It marked the first time that a song by two female rappers reached the top, for which Guinness World Records (/wiki/Guinness_World_Records) later gave them an award. [204] (#cite_note-205) [205] (#cite_note-206) A month later, she released a collaboration with 6ix9ine (/wiki/6ix9ine) called " Trollz (/wiki/Trollz_(song)) ", which debuted at number one in the U.S. becoming her second number one single. [206] (#cite_note-207) This made her the first female rapper to debut at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 since Lauryn Hill (/wiki/Lauryn_Hill) did so in 1998 with " Doo Wop (That Thing) (/wiki/Doo_Wop_(That_Thing)) ". [207] (#cite_note-:9-208) Minaj featured on singer Ty Dolla Sign (/wiki/Ty_Dolla_Sign) 's track " Expensive (/wiki/Expensive_(Ty_Dolla_Sign_song)) ". [208] (#cite_note-209) She continued to appear as a featured artist on several songs in late 2020 [209] (#cite_note-210) [210] (#cite_note-211) and released " What That Speed Bout!? (/wiki/What_That_Speed_Bout!%3F) " with producer Mike Will Made It (/wiki/Mike_Will_Made_It) and rapper YoungBoy Never Broke Again (/wiki/YoungBoy_Never_Broke_Again) on November 6. [211] (#cite_note-212) On the 10th anniversary of her debut album Pink Friday (/wiki/Pink_Friday) (2010), Minaj announced a six-part docuseries (/wiki/Docuseries) about her, produced by Bron Studios (/wiki/Bron_Studios) and was originally said to premiere on HBO Max (/wiki/HBO_Max) . [212] (#cite_note-213) [213] (#cite_note-214) In 2022, the streaming platform confirmed it dropped the still-unreleased project. [214] (#cite_note-:15-215) [215] (#cite_note-:16-216) In May 2021, Minaj released a reissue of her mixtape Beam Me Up Scotty (/wiki/Beam_Me_Up_Scotty_(mixtape)) (2009), including new songs previously unavailable on streaming services. The reissue debuted at number two on the U.S. Billboard 200 (/wiki/Billboard_200) , which gave it the highest debut for a female rap mixtape in the U.S. [216] (#cite_note-:10-217) [217] (#cite_note-218) A song from the reissue, titled " Seeing Green (/wiki/Seeing_Green) " featuring fellow Young Money rappers Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) and Lil Wayne (/wiki/Lil_Wayne) reached number twelve in the U.S. In July, Minaj collaborated with fellow rapper Bia (/wiki/Bia_(rapper)) on the remix of her song Whole Lotta Money (/wiki/Whole_Lotta_Money) . In September, Minaj collaborated with English singer-songwriter Elton John (/wiki/Elton_John) 's fifth collaboration album The Lockdown Sessions (/wiki/The_Lockdown_Sessions_(Elton_John_album)) (2021). She appeared on the song "Always Love You" with John and rapper Young Thug (/wiki/Young_Thug) . [218] (#cite_note-219) Later that month, she split with her previous manager Irving Azoff (/wiki/Irving_Azoff) and is now being managed by Wassim Slaiby (/wiki/Wassim_Slaiby) , also known by his management company SALXCO, who is best known for managing The Weeknd (/wiki/The_Weeknd) and Doja Cat (/wiki/Doja_Cat) . [219] (#cite_note-220) English singer Jesy Nelson (/wiki/Jesy_Nelson) released her solo debut, called " Boyz (/wiki/Boyz_(Jesy_Nelson_song)) ", which Minaj features on. The song peaked at number four in the UK and number sixteen in Ireland. [220] (#cite_note-221) [221] (#cite_note-222) In October 2021, Minaj appeared as a surprise host for the season six (/wiki/The_Real_Housewives_of_Potomac_(season_6)) reunion of the reality television show The Real Housewives of Potomac (/wiki/The_Real_Housewives_of_Potomac) . [222] (#cite_note-223) In November 2021, her 2011 Pink Friday (/wiki/Pink_Friday) single "Super Bass" received a Diamond certification by the RIAA (/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America) , making her the second solo female rapper to receive a diamond certification. [223] (#cite_note-:14-224) Minaj won the Best Hip Hop (/wiki/MTV_Europe_Music_Award_for_Best_Hip_Hop) award in the MTV Europe Music Awards 2021 (/wiki/MTV_Europe_Music_Awards) , becoming the sixth time she has won this award. [224] (#cite_note-225) 2022–present: Pink Friday 2 Further information: Pink Friday 2 (/wiki/Pink_Friday_2) After a social media hiatus, Minaj released a song collaboration with rapper Lil Baby (/wiki/Lil_Baby) called " Do We Have a Problem? (/wiki/Do_We_Have_a_Problem%3F) " in February. The track was accompanied with a music video that featured guest appearances from actors Joseph Sikora (/wiki/Joseph_Sikora) and Cory Hardrict (/wiki/Cory_Hardrict) . [225] (#cite_note-226) [226] (#cite_note-227) The video contained a snippet of another Lil Baby collaboration titled " Bussin (/wiki/Bussin_(Nicki_Minaj_and_Lil_Baby_song)) ", [227] (#cite_note-228) released a week later, on February 11. [228] (#cite_note-229) [229] (#cite_note-230) "Do We Have a Problem?" debuted and peaked at number two on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 (/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100) . In a promotional Apple Music (/wiki/Apple_Music) interview with DJ Zane Lowe (/wiki/Zane_Lowe) , Minaj said her forthcoming fifth studio album is "coming very soon". [230] (#cite_note-231) She described it as "fun, gutta, and back to the basics". [231] (#cite_note-232) In March, Minaj and fellow rapper Coi Leray (/wiki/Coi_Leray) 's collaboration " Blick Blick (/wiki/Blick_Blick) ", was released—from the former's debut studio album, Trendsetter (/wiki/Trendsetter_(Coi_Leray_album)) (2022). [232] (#cite_note-233) Minaj revealed that her verse was almost scrapped due to American rapper Benzino (/wiki/Benzino) (who is also Coi Leray's father) leaking the collaboration. [233] (#cite_note-234) Later that month, she surprise-released the standalone single " We Go Up (/wiki/We_Go_Up_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) " featuring rapper Fivio Foreign (/wiki/Fivio_Foreign) . [234] (#cite_note-235) The drill (/wiki/Drill_music) track was initially teased on Minaj's social media as a scrapped song from her album, before fans had requested her to release the song. [235] (#cite_note-236) [236] (#cite_note-237) In April, Minaj appeared on English television host James Corden (/wiki/James_Corden) 's Carpool Karaoke (/wiki/Carpool_Karaoke) segment, kickstarting the return of its broadcast on The Late Late Show with James Corden (/wiki/The_Late_Late_Show_with_James_Corden) after a two-year hiatus. [237] (#cite_note-238) In early July, Minaj headlined the 2022 editions of Essence Music Festival (/wiki/Essence_Music_Festival#2022) in New Orleans (/wiki/New_Orleans) and the Wireless Festival (/wiki/Wireless_Festival#2022) in London. [238] (#cite_note-essence_2022-239) [239] (#cite_note-240) On July 28 she released a two-minute trailer of her upcoming six-part docu-series (/wiki/Television_documentary) titled "Nicki", produced by Canadian production company Bron Studios (/wiki/Bron_Studios) . [214] (#cite_note-:15-215) [215] (#cite_note-:16-216) [240] (#cite_note-241) In August, Minaj released " Super Freaky Girl (/wiki/Super_Freaky_Girl) " as the lead single of her upcoming fifth studio album. The track samples American singer Rick James (/wiki/Rick_James) 's 1981 song, " Super Freak (/wiki/Super_Freak) ." [241] (#cite_note-242) [242] (#cite_note-243) After its initial release, "Super Freaky Girl" received an extended version called the "Roman Remix", which features the return of her alter ego Roman Zolanski. [243] (#cite_note-244) [244] (#cite_note-245) "Super Freaky Girl" debuted atop the Billboard Hot 100, marking Minaj's third U.S. number-one and her first unaccompanied chart-topper. It became the first solo song by a female rapper to debut at number one in the U.S. in 22 years, since fellow rapper Lauryn Hill (/wiki/Lauryn_Hill) 's song " Doo Wop (That Thing) (/wiki/Doo_Wop_(That_Thing)) " in 1998. [245] (#cite_note-246) Later in August, Minaj released a compilation album (/wiki/Compilation_album) titled Queen Radio: Volume 1 (/wiki/Queen_Radio:_Volume_1) with one new track, " Likkle Miss (Remix) (/wiki/Likkle_Miss) " with Skeng. [246] (#cite_note-247) In September, she released a remix of "Super Freaky Girl" called "Queen Mix", which features 5 other female rappers: JT (/wiki/City_Girls) , Bia (/wiki/Bia_(rapper)) , Katie Got Bandz (/wiki/Katie_Got_Bandz) , Akbar V, and Maliibu Miitch (/wiki/Maliibu_Miitch) . [247] (#cite_note-248) Also in September, Yung Bleu (/wiki/Yung_Bleu) released his single "Love in the Way" featuring Minaj. [248] (#cite_note-249) In October, Minaj and Skeng released a remix of "Likkle Miss" called "The Fine Nine Remix" featuring Spice (/wiki/Spice_(musician)) , Destra Garcia (/wiki/Destra_Garcia) , Patrice Roberts (/wiki/Patrice_Roberts) , Lady Leshurr (/wiki/Lady_Leshurr) , Pamputtae, Dovey Magnum, Lisa Mercedez (/wiki/Lisa_Mercedez) , and London Hill. [249] (#cite_note-250) Later that month, rapper YoungBoy Never Broke Again (/wiki/YoungBoy_Never_Broke_Again) released a collaboration with Minaj titled "I Admit". [250] (#cite_note-251) In November 2022, Minaj collaborated with Lebanese singer Myriam Fares (/wiki/Myriam_Fares) and Colombian singer Maluma (/wiki/Maluma) on " Tukoh Taka (/wiki/Tukoh_Taka) " which was the official FIFA Fan Festival (/wiki/FIFA_Fan_Festival) anthem. [251] (#cite_note-252) On March 3, 2023, Minaj released " Red Ruby da Sleeze (/wiki/Red_Ruby_da_Sleeze) " as the second single from her upcoming album. [252] (#cite_note-253) The song samples Lumidee (/wiki/Lumidee) 's 2003 single " Never Leave You (Uh Oooh, Uh Oooh) (/wiki/Never_Leave_You_(Uh_Oooh,_Uh_Oooh)) ". [253] (#cite_note-254) It debuted and peaked at number thirteen on the Billboard Hot 100 and debuted atop the Digital Songs and Hot Rap Songs charts. [254] (#cite_note-255) On March 5, Minaj appeared as a surprise performer during Lil Wayne (/wiki/Lil_Wayne) 's set at the 2023 Rolling Loud California (/wiki/Rolling_Loud#California) festival. [255] (#cite_note-256) In April 2023, Minaj featured on " WTF (/wiki/WTF_(YoungBoy_Never_Broke_Again_song)) ," the lead single from YoungBoy Never Broke Again (/wiki/YoungBoy_Never_Broke_Again) 's third studio album, Don't Try This At Home (/wiki/Don%27t_Try_This_at_Home_(YoungBoy_Never_Broke_Again_album)) . [256] (#cite_note-257) She teamed up with Ice Spice (/wiki/Ice_Spice) on the remix to the latter's song " Princess Diana (/wiki/Princess_Diana_(song)) ", released on April 14, 2023—the first-ever release on Minaj's record label, Heavy On It. [257] (#cite_note-258) [258] (#cite_note-259) The remix became the first collaboration between two women to top the Hot Rap Songs chart and made Minaj the woman with the most number-ones on the chart (10). It peaked at number four on the Hot 100 and atop the Digital Song Sales chart. [259] (#cite_note-260) Minaj's next collaboration was German singer Kim Petras's " Alone (/wiki/Alone_(Kim_Petras_and_Nicki_Minaj_song)) ", released on April 21. It samples " Better Off Alone (/wiki/Better_Off_Alone) " (1999) by Alice Deejay (/wiki/Alice_Deejay) . [260] (#cite_note-261) The single reached the top 40 in the United Kingdom. [261] (#cite_note-262) In May, she featured on " Pound Town 2 (/wiki/Pound_Town) ", the remix to St. Louis (/wiki/St._Louis) rapper Sexyy Red (/wiki/Sexyy_Red) and Tay Keith (/wiki/Tay_Keith) 's single, "Pound Town". [262] (#cite_note-263) It reached the summit of the Digital Songs chart. [263] (#cite_note-264) On June 5, 2023, Minaj announced via Twitter that her fifth studio album would be released on October 20, 2023. [264] (#cite_note-265) On June 30, she announced the album's title, Pink Friday 2 (/wiki/Pink_Friday_2) , via her social media, and that the release date was rescheduled to November 17. [265] (#cite_note-266) The album was ultimately pushed back to and released on December 8, 2023. [266] (#cite_note-267) [267] (#cite_note-268) Pink Friday 2 debuted atop the Billboard 200, with 228,000 album-equivalent units—Minaj's first album in over 11 years (/wiki/Pink_Friday:_Roman_Reloaded) to do so. It made her the female rapper with the most U.S. number-one albums (3) in chart history, surpassing Foxy Brown (/wiki/Foxy_Brown_(rapper)) . [268] (#cite_note-pf2_charttop-269) The record earned the largest sales week (overall and pure) of the decade for a rap album by a woman and for an R&B/hip-hop album by a woman of 2023. [269] (#cite_note-270) It garnered the highest first-week vinyl sales for a female rap album in U.S. history. [268] (#cite_note-pf2_charttop-269) Additionally, Pink Friday 2 achieved the largest streaming week for a female rap album of the decade, and for a female R&B/hip-hop album of 2023. [268] (#cite_note-pf2_charttop-269) Globally, it broke the record for the most single-day streams for a female hip-hop title on Spotify. [270] (#cite_note-271) 14 tracks from the album debuted on the Billboard Hot 100, of which two charted in the top 40—" Everybody (/wiki/Everybody_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) " featuring Lil Uzi Vert (/wiki/Lil_Uzi_Vert) and " Needle (/wiki/Needle_(song)) " featuring Drake. [271] (#cite_note-272) Aided by "Everybody", " FTCU (/wiki/FTCU_(song)) ", and "Barbie Dangerous", Minaj tied Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) for the third-most top-tens (50) on Hot Rap Songs. [272] (#cite_note-273) Multiple deluxe editions of Pink Friday 2 were released. [273] (#cite_note-274) [274] (#cite_note-275) [275] (#cite_note-276) It became Minaj's fifth album to be certified platinum. [276] (#cite_note-277) Also in June 2023, she and Ice Spice released their second collaboration, " Barbie World (/wiki/Barbie_World) " with europop (/wiki/Europop) band Aqua (/wiki/Aqua_(band)) , from the Barbie film soundtrack (/wiki/Barbie_the_Album) . The song samples Aqua's 1997 single, " Barbie Girl (/wiki/Barbie_Girl) ". Peaking at number seven on the Hot 100 and atop Digital Song Sales, it extended her record as the female rapper with the most U.S. top-tens (23) and number-ones on the latter chart (16). [277] (#cite_note-278) Minaj made guest appearances on Young Thug (/wiki/Young_Thug) and Lil Uzi Vert's albums, Business Is Business (/wiki/Business_Is_Business_(Young_Thug_album)) and Pink Tape (/wiki/Pink_Tape_(Lil_Uzi_Vert_album)) , on the songs: "Money" with the late Juice Wrld (/wiki/Juice_Wrld) , [278] (#cite_note-279) and the U.S. top-20 " Endless Fashion (/wiki/Endless_Fashion) ". [279] (#cite_note-280) [280] (#cite_note-281) " Last Time I Saw You (/wiki/Last_Time_I_Saw_You) " was released on September 1, 2023, as the third single from Pink Friday 2 . It made Minaj the act with the most number-ones (25) on the R&B/Hip-Hop Digital Song Sales, surpassing Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) . [281] (#cite_note-:18-282) On September 12, she hosted the 2023 MTV Video Music Awards (/wiki/2023_MTV_Video_Music_Awards) , marking her second consecutive year in the role. [282] (#cite_note-283) In October, Minaj released " Bahm Bahm (/wiki/Bahm_Bahm) ", an outtake of Pink Friday 2 , as a limited-time website exclusive. [283] (#cite_note-284) Pirated (/wiki/Music_piracy) versions of the song were uploaded to streaming services and entered the Apple Music (/wiki/Apple_Music) charts, before being taken down (/wiki/Copyright_violation) . [284] (#cite_note-285) The song ultimately made the final tracklist and was released as part of the album. [285] (#cite_note-286) Days later, she released "For All the Barbz", her freestyle of Drake's " All the Parties (/wiki/All_the_Parties) " (featuring Chief Keef (/wiki/Chief_Keef) ), exclusively via her YouTube channel. [286] (#cite_note-287) With the 2023 MTV Europe Music Awards (/wiki/2023_MTV_Europe_Music_Awards) , she became the first black artist and female rapper to win Best U.S. Act (/wiki/MTV_Europe_Music_Award_for_Best_US_Act) in the award show's history. [287] (#cite_note-288) An extended remix of the Pink Friday 2 track "Beep Beep", featuring 50 Cent (/wiki/50_Cent) , was released as a promotional single from the album on December 12, 2023. [288] (#cite_note-289) Also in December, Minaj performed on the Atlanta and Miami dates of iHeartRadio (/wiki/IHeartRadio) 's Jingle Ball Tour (/wiki/Jingle_Ball_Tour) 2023. [289] (#cite_note-290) She was originally set to perform on the Chicago date but canceled her headlining slot due to the then-forthcoming release of Pink Friday 2 , which resulted in Lil Wayne replacing her on the lineup. [290] (#cite_note-291) She conducted a New Year's Eve concert at the E11Even (/wiki/E11Even_Miami) nightclub in Miami. [291] (#cite_note-292) In January 2024, "Everybody" and "FTCU" were released as subsequent singles from Pink Friday 2 . [292] (#cite_note-293) [293] (#cite_note-294) The tracks eventually reached the top 25 and top 15 on the Hot 100. [151] (#cite_note-hot100_history-152) "FTCU" topped the Digital Songs, R&B/Hip-Hop Digital Song Sales, and Hot Rap Digital Song Sales charts, becoming Minaj's 17th, 26th, and 22nd number-ones on the tallies. [294] (#cite_note-295) A remix of the song, titled the "Sleeze Mix", featuring Travis Scott (/wiki/Travis_Scott) , Chris Brown (/wiki/Chris_Brown) , and Sexyy Red (/wiki/Sexyy_Red) was released in April. [295] (#cite_note-296) On January 26, 2024, Minaj teased a diss track (/wiki/Diss_track) against fellow rapper Megan Thee Stallion called " Big Foot (/wiki/Big_Foot_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) " on Instagram live in response to the latter's " Hiss (/wiki/Hiss_(song)) " single, which was followed by a series of tweets concerning the feud (#Feuds) by Minaj within the course of hours. [296] (#cite_note-297) [297] (#cite_note-298) [298] (#cite_note-complex.com-299) It was officially released on January 28. [299] (#cite_note-300) The track was accompanied by an a cappella version, so that, in Minaj's words: "other producers all around the world can make their own beat." [300] (#cite_note-301) "Big Foot" was poorly received by critics and fans, who criticized the production, the rap flow, and the shots at Megan for lacking quality. [301] (#cite_note-Mendez_II-302) [302] (#cite_note-Ahlgrim-303) [303] (#cite_note-Kyndall-304) The song broke first-day records for the highest solo female rap debut in Apple Music (/wiki/Apple_Music) history and the biggest solo female rap debut on YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) in 2024. [304] (#cite_note-305) [305] (#cite_note-306) However, after its strong first-day debut, it fell off quickly in streams and ultimately debuted at number 23 on the Billboard Hot 100. [306] (#cite_note-307) It extended Minaj's record as the female rapper with the most, and woman with the second-most, top-tens (46) on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (/wiki/Hot_R%26B/Hip-Hop_Songs) chart, behind Aretha Franklin (/wiki/Aretha_Franklin) (52). [307] (#cite_note-308) Minaj was nominated for Best Rap Song (/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Rap_Song) and Best Song Written for Visual Media (/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Song_Written_for_Visual_Media) for "Barbie World" at the 66th Annual Grammy Awards (/wiki/66th_Annual_Grammy_Awards) . [308] (#cite_note-309) In support of Pink Friday 2 , she embarked on its namesake world tour (/wiki/Pink_Friday_2_World_Tour) , her most extensive tour yet. It began on March 1, 2024, in Oakland (/wiki/Oakland,_California) , California, and will conclude on October 11, 2024, in Elmont (/wiki/Elmont,_New_York) , New York. [309] (#cite_note-310) [310] (#cite_note-311) It includes Minaj's headlining slots at ten festivals across the US, Europe, and Africa. [311] (#cite_note-312) The tour became the highest-grossing tour by a female rapper in history, with over $67 million in revenue, based on the first 34 shows. [312] (#cite_note-313) Artistry Musical style When I started rapping, people were trying to make me like the typical New York rapper (/wiki/New_York_rap) , but I'm not that. No disrespect to New York rappers, but I don't want people to hear me and know exactly where I'm from. — Minaj on her rapping style in a Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) interview [28] (#cite_note-billboard1-29) Minaj is known for her animated rapping style and "unique" flow (/wiki/Flow_(music)) . [313] (#cite_note-314) Her rapping is distinctive for its speed and the use of alter egos (/wiki/Alter_ego) and accents, primarily British cockney (/wiki/Cockney_speech) . [314] (#cite_note-:3-315) [315] (#cite_note-NYT20120330-316) She often both sings and raps in her songs, and has made use of metaphors (/wiki/Metaphor) , punch lines (/wiki/Punch_line) , and word play (/wiki/Word_play) . The alter egos are incorporated with her lyrics in British accents (Roman Zolanski) or soft-spokenness (Harajuku Barbie). Ice-T (/wiki/Ice-T) said about Minaj's rapping style, "[Minaj] does her thing. She has her own way of doing it. She has an ill vocal delivery. She kind of reminds me of a female Busta Rhymes (/wiki/Busta_Rhymes) , like how she throws her voice in different directions." [316] (#cite_note-317) Jon Caramanica (/wiki/Jon_Caramanica) of The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) called Minaj "a sparkling rapper with a gift for comic accents and unexpected turns of phrase. She's a walking exaggeration, outsize in sound, personality and look. And she's a rapid evolver, discarding old modes as easily as adopting new ones." [315] (#cite_note-NYT20120330-316) Although many critics describe her technique as bubblegum (/wiki/Bubblegum_pop) rap (/wiki/Rapping) , Minaj said: "What people don't know is that before I was doing that craziness I was doing me, I was just doing regular sounding rap that anyone could hear and identify with. But once I started doing all that weird shit—I'm not mad at it because it got everyone's attention." [317] (#cite_note-318) Robby Seabrook III of XXL (/wiki/XXL_(magazine)) included Minaj in list of "most unique flows from rappers over the last five years", saying that she "has solidified her spot as a leader of the pack for her animated flows, inspiring many other women in hip-hop to play with their vocals. She goes from campy to bellicose, excited to eccentric, oftentimes all on one song." [318] (#cite_note-319) Noted as a rap artist, she also occasionally lends herself to electronic music genres (/wiki/Electronic_dance_music) (especially electropop (/wiki/Electropop) ). [319] (#cite_note-320) Pink Friday marked her exploration of the genres, spawning electro songs including the pop-laden " Super Bass (/wiki/Super_Bass) ". [320] (#cite_note-321) [321] (#cite_note-322) Also combining rap with synthesizer music, Minaj's second album, Pink Friday Roman Reloaded , had a number of electro-hop and electro pop songs: "HOV Lane", " Whip It (/wiki/Whip_It_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) ", " Automatic (/wiki/Automatic_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) ", " Come on a Cone (/wiki/Come_on_a_Cone) ", "Young Forever", "Fire Burns", [322] (#cite_note-323) " Roman Holiday (/wiki/Roman_Holiday_(song)) ", [323] (#cite_note-holidayall-324) " The Boys (/wiki/The_Boys_(Nicki_Minaj_and_Cassie_song)) " and " Beez in the Trap (/wiki/Beez_in_the_Trap) "; [324] (#cite_note-rollingstone1-325) while " Starships (/wiki/Starships_(song)) " is a Eurodance (/wiki/Eurodance) song. [325] (#cite_note-326) Her verse on Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) 's " Monster (/wiki/Monster_(Kanye_West_song)) " was critically acclaimed and contributed greatly to her popularity; many critics said she had the best verse in the song. [326] (#cite_note-327) [327] (#cite_note-328) West claimed at one point he considered deleting her verse from the track, because he was worried it would outshine his own work: It was like that moment when I thought about taking Nicki's verse off of 'Monster' because I knew people would say that was the best verse on the best Hip Hop album of all time or arguably top ten albums of all time. And I would do all that work, eight months of work on Dark Fantasy (/wiki/My_Beautiful_Dark_Twisted_Fantasy) and people to this day would say to me 'My favorite thing was Nicki Minaj's verse'. So if I let my ego get the best of me instead of letting that girl get the shot to get that platform to be all she could be, I would take it off or marginalize her, try to stop her from having that shining moment… [328] (#cite_note-329) Tara Colley of The Conversation (/wiki/The_Conversation_(website)) described Minaj as a "pre-eminent female rapper" and that she has "consistently straddled the distinct personas of gangsta boss and sexy pop siren without truly committing to either" and that "her chameleonic ability" matches "some of rap's most verbose, witty, filthy and pop-friendly" stars such as Eminem (/wiki/Eminem) and Lil Wayne (/wiki/Lil_Wayne) . [329] (#cite_note-The_Conversation-330) Zoe Johnson of XXL (/wiki/XXL_(magazine)) , stated that in recent years Minaj's "beat selection has moved to refined production full of grit and hip-hop flare in recent years". [330] (#cite_note-ZoeJohnsonXXLNM-331) Alter egos "Roman Zolanski" redirects here. Not to be confused with Roman Polanski (/wiki/Roman_Polanski) . With her parents frequently fighting during her childhood, Minaj lived through characters she created as a means of escape. She recalled that "fantasy was my reality" and her first identity was Cookie, who became Harajuku Barbie and (later) Nicki Minaj. [331] (#cite_note-NewYorkAlterego-332) In November 2010, Minaj assumed the alter ego (/wiki/Alter_ego) Nicki Teresa, wearing a colorful headdress and calling herself "healer to her fans" during a visit to the Garden of Dreams Foundation at Fuse Studios in New York. [332] (#cite_note-ReferenceA-333) She introduced another alter ego, Rosa (pronounced with an exaggerated R ), to commemorate her December 2010 appearance on Lopez Tonight (/wiki/Lopez_Tonight) . [333] (#cite_note-334) One of Minaj's most well-known alter-egos is "a demon inside her" named Roman Zolanski (named after film director Roman Polanski (/wiki/Roman_Polanski) with modified surname), Minaj's "twin brother", whose character she assumes when she is angry. [334] (#cite_note-RomanLewinksy-335) Roman has been compared to Eminem (/wiki/Eminem) 's alter ego Slim Shady (/wiki/Slim_Shady) , and on " Roman's Revenge (/wiki/Roman%27s_Revenge) " Minaj and Eminem collaborate as their alter egos. [335] (#cite_note-336) On her next album, she said that there would be a lot of Roman: "And if you're not familiar with Roman, then you will be familiar with him very soon. He's the boy that lives inside of me. He's a lunatic and he's gay and he'll be on there a lot." [336] (#cite_note-337) Roman has a mother, Martha Zolanski, [337] (#cite_note-338) who appeared on "Roman's Revenge" with a British accent [338] (#cite_note-339) and singing on " Roman Holiday (/wiki/Roman_Holiday_(song)) " for the first time. [339] (#cite_note-340) [340] (#cite_note-341) Martha appeared in the " Moment 4 Life (/wiki/Moment_4_Life) " video as Minaj's apparent fairy godmother (/wiki/Fairy_godmother) . [334] (#cite_note-RomanLewinksy-335) In December 2023, in response to a fan inquiry on Martha ever returning, Minaj confirmed that Martha had died of old age. [341] (#cite_note-342) Influences According to Minaj, rappers Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) (left), Foxy Brown (/wiki/Foxy_Brown_(rapper)) (center) and Lil Wayne (/wiki/Lil_Wayne) (right) are her three biggest influences. Minaj cites Lil Wayne (/wiki/Lil_Wayne) , Foxy Brown (/wiki/Foxy_Brown_(rapper)) , and Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) as major influences: "I can't even imagine my career, my creative spirit without Wayne [...] I feel like I'm still intertwined with him creatively". Minaj has called Lil Wayne her mentor and credited him with discovering her. [342] (#cite_note-343) [343] (#cite_note-344) On Foxy Brown and Jay-Z, Minaj said: "I really loved [Foxy] as a female rapper. I was really interested in her mind and her aura [and] I was really, really into Jay-Z. Me and my friends in high school, we were reciting all of the Jay lyrics. His words were our words in our conversations all the time." [344] (#cite_note-345) She said, further: "I never really told Foxy how much she has influenced me and how much she changed my life" adding that Foxy Brown was "the most influential female rapper" for her. [345] (#cite_note-346) Minaj said in a T Magazine interview in 2017: "Jay-Z, Lil Wayne, Foxy Brown... [...] Those are the three I keep in my head when I'm writing because they've influenced me so much, [...] I feel like I'm a part of all of them." [346] (#cite_note-347) In 2023, Minaj revealed that popular music singer Whitney Houston (/wiki/Whitney_Houston) is one of her major influences, stating: "I don’t think people realize how much singing or singers like Whitney [influenced me]. Whitney’s first album, I know it front to back." [347] (#cite_note-348) Jada Pinkett Smith (/wiki/Jada_Pinkett_Smith) is one of Minaj's role models in her acting career. [348] (#cite_note-349) Minaj was inspired by R&B (/wiki/R%26B) singer Monica (/wiki/Monica_(entertainer)) , singing " Why I Love You So Much (/wiki/Why_I_Love_You_So_Much) " at every talent show she entered. While performing in Atlanta as part of her Pink Friday Tour (/wiki/Pink_Friday_Tour) , she called Monica one of her all-time greatest musical influences. Lauryn Hill (/wiki/Lauryn_Hill) is also one of Minaj's major influences, with Minaj quoting her lyrics in a high school yearbook. [349] (#cite_note-350) [ non-primary source needed ] [350] (#cite_note-351) [ non-primary source needed ] Minaj has also cited Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) , [351] (#cite_note-352) [352] (#cite_note-353) Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe) , [353] (#cite_note-354) Madonna (/wiki/Madonna) , [354] (#cite_note-Minaj_two-355) Enya (/wiki/Enya) , [355] (#cite_note-356) Eminem (/wiki/Eminem) , [356] (#cite_note-wayneem-357) Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) , Trina (/wiki/Trina) , Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) , [357] (#cite_note-358) Lil' Kim (/wiki/Lil%27_Kim) , [358] (#cite_note-359) [359] (#cite_note-360) [360] (#cite_note-361) Lisa Left Eye Lopes (/wiki/Left_Eye) , [361] (#cite_note-362) Janet Jackson (/wiki/Janet_Jackson) , [362] (#cite_note-363) Grace Jones (/wiki/Grace_Jones) , [363] (#cite_note-364) [364] (#cite_note-365) Britney Spears (/wiki/Britney_Spears) , [365] (#cite_note-366) Remy Ma (/wiki/Remy_Ma) and Missy Elliott (/wiki/Missy_Elliott) as influences. [366] (#cite_note-367) She called Betsey Johnson (/wiki/Betsey_Johnson) a fashion inspiration: "[Betsey] is a free spirit. When I met her the other day, I felt like I knew her for my whole life. She's so warm and considerate and caring. She's amazingly talented and I've been wearing her clothes forever, so to meet her was like, 'Yay!' [I was] bowing down to her; she's dope!" [367] (#cite_note-368) Minaj has also expressed appreciation for Cyndi Lauper (/wiki/Cyndi_Lauper) 's style and how her videos inspired her as a teenager: "When I first went to get my hair colored, I was about 14 and I wanted blonde highlights. The beautician said, 'No, you have to get your mother on the phone,' and I was just crying and begging. I've always been experimenting. Cyndi Lauper's videos – that's what intrigued me." [368] (#cite_note-369) Public image Early in her career, Minaj often wore colorful costumes, cosmetics, and wigs. Billboard listed Minaj as the fourth-most-active musician on social media on its March 2011 Social 50 (/wiki/List_of_Billboard_Social_50_number-one_artists) chart. [369] (#cite_note-370) She is the most followed rapper (/wiki/List_of_most-followed_Instagram_accounts) on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) with over 229 million followers—the first to surpass 200 million followers—and one of the most followed musicians on the social media platform. [370] (#cite_note-371) [371] (#cite_note-372) On Twitter (/wiki/Use_of_Twitter_by_public_figures) , she is one of the most followed rappers, with over 28 million followers on the app, as of February 2024. [372] (#cite_note-373) [ non-primary source needed ] She was the most followed rapper on Twitter in 2012. [373] (#cite_note-374) BET (/wiki/BET) has named Minaj as a "gay icon". [374] (#cite_note-375) Minaj was a vocal proponent of streams (/wiki/Streaming_media) counting towards an artist's RIAA (/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America) certifications. The organization later announced in 2016 that it would be modernizing the certification process for albums, including on-demand audio and video streams. [375] (#cite_note-376) [376] (#cite_note-377) Minaj has been called as a "fashion icon" by Allure (/wiki/Allure_(magazine)) , Time (/wiki/Time_(magazine)) , XXL (/wiki/XXL_(magazine)) and has been called a "camp style icon" by Refinery29 (/wiki/Refinery29) . [377] (#cite_note-378) [378] (#cite_note-379) [379] (#cite_note-380) [380] (#cite_note-381) She has cited Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) , Gianni Versace (/wiki/Gianni_Versace) , and Christian Louboutin (/wiki/Christian_Louboutin) as her favorite designers. [381] (#cite_note-382) The Huffington Post (/wiki/The_Huffington_Post) described her style as "risk-taking" and "far-out", with "bold sartorial choices"; [382] (#cite_note-383) Minaj has been included on the annual Maxim (/wiki/Maxim_(magazine)) Hot 100 list (/wiki/Maxim_(magazine)#Maxim_Hot_100) several times. [383] (#cite_note-384) [384] (#cite_note-385) In 2014, Minaj underwent a reinvention in her image sporting a "natural" and "softer" look, wearing fewer wigs and less colourful costumes. [385] (#cite_note-huffpostnm12-386) She stated that she "went so far to the other side that there's only one place to go from there. You can either continue doing costumes or you can just say, "Hey guess what? This will shock them even more. Doing nothing will shock them even more"". [385] (#cite_note-huffpostnm12-386) [386] (#cite_note-387) Her physique, notably her buttocks (/wiki/Buttocks) , has attracted significant attention from the media. [387] (#cite_note-388) [388] (#cite_note-389) Early in her career, she made autographing breasts (/wiki/Breasts) part of her movement to empower women. [389] (#cite_note-390) In 2010, she said that although she originally felt obligated to mimic the provocative behavior of the "female rappers of [her] day", she intended to subdue her sexuality because she "[wants] people—especially young girls—to know that in life, nothing is going to be based on sex appeal. You've got to have something else to go with that." [390] (#cite_note-391) [391] (#cite_note-392) Minaj talked about feminism in an interview with Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) in 2015, saying "There are things that I do that feminists don't like, and there are things that I do that they do like. I don't label myself. I just say the truth about what I feel. I feel like women can do anything that they put their minds to." [392] (#cite_note-393) In 2018, an interview with Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) , in which she discussed sex workers (/wiki/Sex_worker) , her own sex appeal, and sexuality in music and on social media, attracted criticism. [393] (#cite_note-394) [394] (#cite_note-395) In The New York Times Magazine (/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Magazine) , music critic Vanessa Grigoriadis said that Minaj "has become expert at modelling the ways that women can wield power in the industry. But she has also drawn attention to the ways in which power can be embodied by a woman standing up for herself and speaking her own mind." [395] (#cite_note-NYT123-396) The cover art and music video for her 2014 single, " Anaconda (/wiki/Anaconda_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) ", attracted significant media attention upon release. [396] (#cite_note-:6-397) The music video was viewed 19.6 million times in its first 24 hours of release. [397] (#cite_note-398) The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) called the video "racy" but noted that she "doesn't shy from ruffling her audience's feathers", [398] (#cite_note-399) while others praised Minaj for "owning her sexuality", [399] (#cite_note-400) examining her work through a feminist (/wiki/Feminism) perspective. [396] (#cite_note-:6-397) [400] (#cite_note-401) [401] (#cite_note-402) [402] (#cite_note-403) Another writer for The Guardian said, of the "Anaconda" video, Minaj turns "the classic song into a conversation, and [refuses] to let the camera objectify her lap dance by keeping it zoomed out, at a distance." [403] (#cite_note-404) Minaj's fanbase, known as the "Barbz", have been reported as often being militant towards Minaj's critics, including incidents of reported doxxing, cyberbullying (/wiki/Cyberbullying) , and death threats (/wiki/Death_threat) . [404] (#cite_note-405) [405] (#cite_note-406) [406] (#cite_note-407) [407] (#cite_note-408) Philanthropy Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) (left) and Minaj perform for service members during the 2010 VH1 Divas Salute the Troops concert. In 2010, Minaj performed a cover of " Girls Just Wanna Have Fun (/wiki/Girls_Just_Wanna_Have_Fun) ", alongside singer Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) , for service members during the 2010 VH1 (/wiki/VH1) Divas Salute the Troops concert. [408] (#cite_note-409) [409] (#cite_note-410) The two would later collaborate in 2017 on " Swish Swish (/wiki/Swish_Swish) ". In 2011, Mattel (/wiki/Mattel) created a Barbie (/wiki/Barbie) doll with Minaj's likeness to auction for Project Angel Food (/wiki/Project_Angel_Food) , a charity that provides food for people afflicted with HIV and AIDS. [410] (#cite_note-411) In 2012, in the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy (/wiki/Hurricane_Sandy_in_New_York) , Minaj donated $15,000 to the Food Bank For New York City (/wiki/Food_Bank_For_New_York_City) and held a turkey drive at her alma mater, PS 45 (/wiki/Ozone_Park,_Queens#Schools) . [411] (#cite_note-412) In May 2017, Minaj offered via Twitter to pay college tuition fees and student loans for 30 of her fans. She appeared to grant their requests, ranging from $500 to school supplies to $6,000 for tuition, promising to respond to more requests in a month or two. [412] (#cite_note-413) She also announced that she would launch an official charity for student loans and tuition payments in the near future. [413] (#cite_note-414) In the same month, Minaj revealed on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) that she has been donating money to a village in India for a few years via her pastor, Lydia Sloley. These donations helped the village get a computer center, a tailoring institute, a reading program, and two water wells. "This is the kind of thing that makes me feel the most proud", she said about the new additions to the village. [414] (#cite_note-415) In August 2017, after Hurricane Harvey (/wiki/Hurricane_Harvey) hit the city of Houston (/wiki/Houston) , Texas, Minaj answered a social media challenge by comedian and actor Kevin Hart (/wiki/Kevin_Hart) and donated $25,000 to the Red Cross (/wiki/International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement) , saying she was "praying for everyone there". [415] (#cite_note-416) [416] (#cite_note-417) On September 4, 2018, Minaj appeared as a guest and performed several songs on The Ellen DeGeneres Show (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show) . [417] (#cite_note-418) Throughout the episode, Minaj and Degeneres, with the participation of Walmart (/wiki/Walmart) , gave out over $150,000 in donations to fans. [418] (#cite_note-419) [174] (#cite_note-billboard.com-175) In 2019, Minaj pulled out of headlining a concert in Saudi Arabia (/wiki/Saudi_Arabia) following online backlash from activists, after women's rights activist Loujain al-Hathloul (/wiki/Loujain_al-Hathloul) was detained and arrested for speaking out against the Saudi regime. Minaj was praised by Thor Halvorssen (/wiki/Thor_Halvorssen_(human_rights_activist)) of The Human Rights Foundation (/wiki/The_Human_Rights_Foundation) , who criticized her initial plan to perform in a letter, and released a statement saying, "After careful reflection ... I believe it is important for me to make clear my support for the rights of women, the LGBTQ community and freedom of expression." [419] (#cite_note-420) [420] (#cite_note-421) In 2020, Minaj donated $25,000 to the St. Jude's Home for Girls school after visiting the school in her native country of Trinidad. In a speech, Minaj encouraged the girls to push through hard obstacles, even referencing her own experience with domestic violence: "I've experienced being in a home with domestic violence. I've experienced, you know, being at a very difficult crossroads in my life as a teenager. And sometimes as a teenager when things happen, you feel like there's no up from there." [421] (#cite_note-422) In the same year, following the release of Minaj and 6ix9ine (/wiki/6ix9ine) 's collaboration, " Trollz (/wiki/Trollz_(song)) ", Minaj announced that a portion of the proceeds from the song, along with profits from all merchandise, will go towards the Bail Project amid the Black Lives Matter (/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter) protests sparked by the murder of George Floyd (/wiki/Murder_of_George_Floyd) . [422] (#cite_note-423) In April 2024, Minaj was one of over 200 artists who signed an open letter (/wiki/Open_letter) speaking to and asking for safety from (/wiki/AI_safety) the "predatory use of AI" in the music industry. [423] (#cite_note-424) Cultural impact and status Various media outlets, such as Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) , Time , NME (/wiki/NME) , Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) , NBC News (/wiki/NBC_News) and Cosmopolitan , have referred to Minaj as the " Queen of Rap (/wiki/Honorific_nicknames_in_popular_music#M) " and The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) , The Washington Post (/wiki/The_Washington_Post) , NPR (/wiki/NPR) , and The Los Angeles Times (/wiki/The_Los_Angeles_Times) have referred to her as the "Queen of Hip Hop". [424] (#cite_note-425) [425] (#cite_note-426) Several media outlets, including The New York Times , Evening Standard (/wiki/Evening_Standard) , and Nylon (/wiki/Nylon_(magazine)) , have also called her one of the most influential rappers. [426] (#cite_note-427) Minaj was ranked as the tenth greatest rapper of all time on Billboard and Vibe (/wiki/Vibe_(magazine)) 's list of the 50 greatest rappers (2023). [9] (#cite_note-billboardgreatest1-10) In 2024, Billboard named her the "hottest female rapper" and stated that she "remains at the apex of the rap mountain 15 years after the release of her breakout mixtape, Beam Me Up Scotty (/wiki/Beam_Me_Up_Scotty_(mixtape)) ". [427] (#cite_note-bbhottestfemalerappers2024-428) In 2012, Jon Caramanica of The New York Times called Minaj "the most influential female rapper of all time", and in 2015 Vanessa Grigoriadis from its magazine (/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Magazine) called her "the world's biggest female rap superstar". [315] (#cite_note-NYT20120330-316) [395] (#cite_note-NYT123-396) In Evening Standard (/wiki/Evening_Standard) , Jochan Embley called her one of the most influential rap artists of all time, saying that "Everything she does is bold, fearless and distinct – whether that be her eye-popping stage attire or her expertly delivered lyrics, which stare gender and race dead in the eye." [428] (#cite_note-:8-429) Zoe Johnson from XXL called her "one of the most versatile MCs" and that she has "made millions off upbeat pop hits and traditional hip-hop sounds that cater to both her femininity and her assertive side". [330] (#cite_note-ZoeJohnsonXXLNM-331) For NPR Music , Sowmya Krishnamurthy (/wiki/Sowmya_Krishnamurthy) noted that Minaj has portrayed "the quirky, life-size Barbie, glamorous vixen (/wiki/Video_vixen) and girl-next-door", arguing that she "changed the landscape for artists in hip-hop for the past decade" with said alter egos. [429] (#cite_note-NPR20181003-430) In 2017, Patrik Sandberg of Dazed (/wiki/Dazed) argued that Minaj has "surpassed every other female hip hop artist to become the most successful in history" in 2017. [430] (#cite_note-:053-431) In 2020, Nick Soulsby of PopMatters (/wiki/PopMatters) called her the "best female rapper and the best rapper of the past ten years – no gender preposition required." [431] (#cite_note-432) Glamour included Minaj in their list of 104 women who defined 2010s pop culture. [432] (#cite_note-433) In XXL (/wiki/XXL_(magazine)) , Madeline Roth commented that Minaj "has helped birth a new generation of rappers that mimic her style". [330] (#cite_note-ZoeJohnsonXXLNM-331) She has influenced several artists, including Tinashe (/wiki/Tinashe) , [433] (#cite_note-434) Cher Lloyd (/wiki/Cher_Lloyd) , [434] (#cite_note-435) Cupcakke (/wiki/Cupcakke) , [435] (#cite_note-436) Billie Eilish (/wiki/Billie_Eilish) , [436] (#cite_note-437) Lil Nas X (/wiki/Lil_Nas_X) , [437] (#cite_note-438) Ms Banks (/wiki/Ms_Banks) , [438] (#cite_note-439) Asian Doll (/wiki/Asian_Doll) , [439] (#cite_note-440) Doja Cat (/wiki/Doja_Cat) , [440] (#cite_note-441) Megan Thee Stallion (/wiki/Megan_Thee_Stallion) , [441] (#cite_note-442) Latto (/wiki/Mulatto_(rapper)) , [442] (#cite_note-443) Shenseea (/wiki/Shenseea) , [443] (#cite_note-444) BIA (/wiki/Bia_(rapper)) , [444] (#cite_note-445) Lakeyah (/wiki/Lakeyah) , [445] (#cite_note-446) Luísa Sonza (/wiki/Lu%C3%ADsa_Sonza) , [446] (#cite_note-447) Coi Leray (/wiki/Coi_Leray) , [447] (#cite_note-448) [ non-primary source needed ] Maliibu Miitch (/wiki/Maliibu_Miitch) , [448] (#cite_note-449) City Girls (/wiki/City_Girls) , [449] (#cite_note-450) Baby Tate (/wiki/Baby_Tate_(rapper)) , [450] (#cite_note-451) Ice Spice (/wiki/Ice_Spice) , [451] (#cite_note-452) Rico Nasty (/wiki/Rico_Nasty) , [452] (#cite_note-453) Flo Milli (/wiki/Flo_Milli) , [453] (#cite_note-454) Ivorian Doll (/wiki/Ivorian_Doll) , [454] (#cite_note-455) Angel Haze (/wiki/Angel_Haze) , [455] (#cite_note-456) Rubi Rose (/wiki/Rubi_Rose) , and Saweetie (/wiki/Saweetie) . [456] (#cite_note-457) Billboard credited her for bringing female rap back to the mainstream in the U.S. [457] (#cite_note-458) With over 140 features, the magazine has called Minaj a "rap and pop icon" adding that "she's been one of popular music's most reliable guest performers, notching dozens of chart hits as a supporting presence on other artists' singles." [458] (#cite_note-459) Minaj has been credited by Complex (/wiki/Complex_Networks) for being able to "take a simple song and turn it into a smash hit just because she's featured on it." [459] (#cite_note-460) In 2012, Caramanica in The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) said that: Minaj "became a nimble, evocative rapper. She became an intricate lyricist. She became a thoughtful singer. She became a risky performer. She invented new personae. More than any other rapper in the mainstream, she pushed hard against expectations ... with no one around to compare herself to, or for others to compare her to, she became her own watermark." [460] (#cite_note-Monster-461) In 2014, NPR ' s Erik Nielson said that Minaj's "success over the last decade has stood as an exception to the unwritten rule that women rappers no longer have a place among elite artists". [461] (#cite_note-462) Nylon (/wiki/Nylon_(magazine)) writer, Demicia Inman, also credited Minaj for her influence which "stands as one of the most successful rappers of the millennium", also going on to say that Minaj "battled misogyny and industry bias against black women to carve her own identity and sound" thus impacting her career. Complex also commented that, "From her bold outfits to her multi-colored wigs, Minaj oozed confidence that inspired others who were watching closely... [she] doesn't need anything but her art to speak for itself". [462] (#cite_note-ComplexNM1-463) [463] (#cite_note-NylonMagMinaj-464) Michael Saponara of Billboard wrote that Minaj "reaffirmed living legend status" by "hitting the road for the Pink Friday 2 World Tour (/wiki/Pink_Friday_2_World_Tour) "—which became the highest-grossing tour by a female rapper—and proved herself as rap's "centrifugal female force". [427] (#cite_note-bbhottestfemalerappers2024-428) Achievements Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Nicki Minaj (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Nicki_Minaj) Minaj is the recipient of numerous accolades, including nine American Music Awards (/wiki/American_Music_Award) , twelve BET Awards (/wiki/BET_Awards) , eight BET Hip Hop Awards (/wiki/BET_Hip_Hop_Awards) , four Billboard Music Awards (/wiki/Billboard_Music_Award) , eight MTV Video Music Awards (/wiki/MTV_Video_Music_Award) , ten MTV Europe Music Awards (/wiki/MTV_Europe_Music_Awards) , four People's Choice Awards (/wiki/People%27s_Choice_Awards) , one Soul Train Music Award (/wiki/Soul_Train_Music_Award) , and four Teen Choice Awards (/wiki/Teen_Choice_Awards) . Minaj has received a total of 10 Grammy Award (/wiki/Grammy_Award) nominations. She received her first Grammy nomination in 2010 for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group (/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Rap_Performance_by_a_Duo_or_Group) (" My Chick Bad (/wiki/My_Chick_Bad) " with Ludacris (/wiki/Ludacris) ). In 2012 (/wiki/54th_Annual_Grammy_Awards) , Minaj received three nominations, including Best New Artist (/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_New_Artist) and Best Rap Album (/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Rap_Album) ( Pink Friday (/wiki/Pink_Friday) ). In 2014 (/wiki/58th_Annual_Grammy_Awards) , she received her second nomination for Best Rap Album ( The Pinkprint (/wiki/The_Pinkprint) ). She has won the MTV Video Music Award for Best Hip-Hop Video (/wiki/MTV_Video_Music_Award_for_Best_Hip-Hop_Video) four times (" Super Bass (/wiki/Super_Bass) ", " Anaconda (/wiki/Anaconda_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) ", " Chun-Li (/wiki/Chun-Li_(song)) " and " Do We Have a Problem? (/wiki/Do_We_Have_a_Problem%3F) ") and has won the Best Female Video Award (/wiki/Best_Female_Video) once (" Starships (/wiki/Starships_(song)) "). Minaj is the first woman to have appeared on the Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) "Hip Hop Cash Kings" list since its inception in 2007, having made four consecutive appearances between 2011 and 2014. [464] (#cite_note-465) [465] (#cite_note-466) [466] (#cite_note-467) [467] (#cite_note-468) In 2010, Minaj became the first female solo artist to have seven songs on the Billboard Hot 100 simultaneously, and the first woman to appear on MTV's Annual Hottest MC List (/wiki/MTV%27s_Hottest_MCs_in_the_Game) since its inception in 2007. [468] (#cite_note-469) [469] (#cite_note-470) In 2011, Minaj was ranked sixth on the Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) master ranking of the "Kings of Hip Hop" which is based on record sales and social media metrics. [470] (#cite_note-471) She is the only rapper to win the BET Award for Best Female Hip-Hop Artist (/wiki/BET_Award_for_Best_Female_Hip-Hop_Artist) seven consecutive times. [471] (#cite_note-472) [472] (#cite_note-473) In 2013, Minaj became the most-charted female rapper on the Billboard Hot 100 at the time, with 44 entries, tying Mariah Carey (/wiki/Mariah_Carey) as seventh among women of all genres. [473] (#cite_note-474) Minaj has twenty-one top 10 singles on the chart, the most for any female rapper, with six of those being solo songs. [474] (#cite_note-475) [475] (#cite_note-:0-476) In 2017, Minaj broke the record for most Hot 100 entries by any female artist, surpassing Aretha Franklin (/wiki/Aretha_Franklin) , and in 2018, she became the first female artist to accumulate 100 entries on the Hot 100. She held the mentioned record for most Hot 100 entries by a female artist until it was broken in December 2020 by singer-songwriter Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) . [476] (#cite_note-ReferenceD-477) [477] (#cite_note-ReferenceE-478) [478] (#cite_note-479) [479] (#cite_note-480) She is the female artist with the second-most Hot 100 entries, behind Swift. [480] (#cite_note-481) [481] (#cite_note-482) In 2019, Billboard Women in Music (/wiki/Billboard_Women_in_Music) awarded her with the Game Changer Award. [482] (#cite_note-483) [483] (#cite_note-484) In 2019, her collaboration with Karol G (/wiki/Karol_G) , named " Tusa (/wiki/Tusa_(song)) ", received two nominations at the Latin Grammys (/wiki/Latin_Grammy_Award) . [484] (#cite_note-485) The song became the longest-running number-one single on the Argentina Hot 100 (/wiki/Argentina_Hot_100) , having spent 25 weeks on the position. [485] (#cite_note-ReferenceC-486) [207] (#cite_note-:9-208) In 2020, Minaj become the second female rapper to chart at number one on the Hot 100 more than once with her 6ix9ine (/wiki/6ix9ine) collaboration " Trollz (/wiki/Trollz_(song)) ". [207] (#cite_note-:9-208) She also became the second woman to debut atop the chart since Lauryn Hill in 1998. [207] (#cite_note-:9-208) In the same year, she also was the most streamed female rapper on Spotify (/wiki/Spotify) . [486] (#cite_note-487) In 2021, the music video for "Anaconda" became the first female rap solo song to reach one billion views on YouTube. [487] (#cite_note-488) [488] (#cite_note-:12-489) In total, Minaj has eight music videos with more than one billion views across all credits on YouTube, becoming the first female rapper to do so. She is only one of two female artists to have eight music videos reaching more than one billion views, tying with Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) . [489] (#cite_note-490) [490] (#cite_note-491) In 2016, she was listed on the Time 100 (/wiki/Time_100) annual list of the most influential people in the world. She was also featured on one of the physical covers of the issue. [491] (#cite_note-492) [492] (#cite_note-493) Complex (/wiki/Complex_(magazine)) ranked her eighth on their list of best rappers of the 2010s, being the only female rapper on the list, [493] (#cite_note-494) and named her "Best Rapper Alive" of 2014. [494] (#cite_note-495) Other activities Fragrances Minaj promoting her first fragrance "Pink Friday" in 2012 Minaj has a line of fragrances first launched in September 2012. She partnered with 'Give Back Brands' to introduce her first fragrance (/wiki/Aroma_compound) "Pink Friday", [495] (#cite_note-496) which was nominated for three FiFi Awards (/wiki/FiFi_Awards) for Fragrance of the Year, Best Packaging, and Media Campaign of the Year. [496] (#cite_note-497) Flanker editions "Pink Friday: Special Edition" and "Pink Friday: Deluxe Edition" were released in April and December 2013 respectively. [497] (#cite_note-498) [498] (#cite_note-499) Her fourth fragrance "Minajesty" was launched in September 2013, [499] (#cite_note-500) followed by "Minajesty: Exotic Edition", which was released exclusively to the Home Shopping Network (/wiki/Home_Shopping_Network) in June 2014. This was followed by the launch of her sixth fragrance "Onika" in September 2014. [500] (#cite_note-501) A year later in 2015, Minaj released "The Pinkprint", her seventh fragrance in support of her third studio album of the same name (/wiki/The_Pinkprint) . [501] (#cite_note-502) In 2016, Minaj launched her eighth fragrance "Trini Girl". [502] (#cite_note-503) In 2018, in support of her fourth studio album (/wiki/Queen_(Nicki_Minaj_album)) , she released her ninth fragrance, "Queen". [503] (#cite_note-504) Minaj's tenth fragrance "Pink Friday 2" was released to JCPenney in December 2023, in support of her fifth album of the same name (/wiki/Pink_Friday_2) . [504] (#cite_note-505) It was released early on the outlet's webstore and retail stores for a limited time, with no prior announcement, in late November. Minaj revealed she did not know about the initial release. [505] (#cite_note-506) [506] (#cite_note-507) The fragrance was also released on Amazon in December 2023. [507] (#cite_note-508) [508] (#cite_note-509) Products and endorsements Minaj has been affiliated with several manufacturing companies and has endorsed several products during her career. In November 2010, she collaborated with MAC Cosmetics (/wiki/MAC_Cosmetics) and launched the lipstick "Pink 4 Friday", which was sold for four consecutive Fridays to promote her debut studio album Pink Friday . [509] (#cite_note-510) In 2011, Mattel (/wiki/Mattel) crafted a Barbie (/wiki/Barbie) doll with the avatar of Minaj, inspired by the rapper's likeness for charity, which she described as a "major moment" in her career. [510] (#cite_note-Barbie-511) It was auctioned on the Charitybuzz (/wiki/Charitybuzz) website; proceeds benefited nonprofit Project Angel Food (/wiki/Project_Angel_Food) . [511] (#cite_note-:17-512) A spokesperson for Mattel stated that, "Barbie is obviously a pop culture icon [...] and Nicki is a big part of pop culture and also huge within the fashion industry, as well as a big Barbie fan." [511] (#cite_note-:17-512) Matthew Perpetua of Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) stated that the "Minaj Barbie doll is notable in that the rapper has made Barbie dolls a crucial part of her aesthetic." [512] (#cite_note-513) Minaj helped introduce the Casio (/wiki/Casio) TRYX in Times Square (/wiki/Times_Square) , and created a six-piece nail polish (/wiki/Nail_polish) collection for OPI Products (/wiki/OPI_Products) with colors named after her songs. [513] (#cite_note-514) [514] (#cite_note-515) In February 2012, Minaj launched her own range of lip products for MAC Cosmetics (/wiki/MAC_Cosmetics) ' Viva Glam. [515] (#cite_note-516) [516] (#cite_note-517) [517] (#cite_note-518) In April 2012, Minaj helped launch the Nokia Lumia 900 (/wiki/Nokia_Lumia_900) in Times Square. [518] (#cite_note-519) The following month, Minaj appeared in television and internet advertisements for Pepsi (/wiki/Pepsi) 's "LiveForNow" campaign, which featured a remix of her single " Moment 4 Life (/wiki/Moment_4_Life) ". [519] (#cite_note-520) [520] (#cite_note-521) She endorsed the 2012 Viva Glam campaign with Ricky Martin (/wiki/Ricky_Martin) —which raised $270 million for the Mac AIDS Fund (/wiki/Mac_AIDS_Fund) [521] (#cite_note-522) [522] (#cite_note-523) —and was the face of the lip product line that year along with him. [523] (#cite_note-524) With designer Jeremy Scott (/wiki/Jeremy_Scott) , Minaj signed an endorsement deal with Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) for the brand's fall and winter 2012 campaign to appear in internet advertisements and commercials for Adidas Originals (/wiki/Adidas_Originals) . [524] (#cite_note-525) Set to her song, "Masquerade", her segment of the advertisement was filmed in Brooklyn (/wiki/Brooklyn) and also featured Big Sean (/wiki/Big_Sean) , Derrick Rose (/wiki/Derrick_Rose) , Sky Ferreira (/wiki/Sky_Ferreira) and 2NE1 (/wiki/2NE1) in other locations worldwide. [525] (#cite_note-526) She fronted the Viva Glam spring campaign by herself, which also introduced her limited-edition lip product collection, "Nicki 2", which was launched in early 2013. [526] (#cite_note-527) [527] (#cite_note-528) In February 2013, Minaj starred in Bluewater Comics (/wiki/Bluewater_Comics) ' Fame (/wiki/Bluewater_Productions) biographical-comic series, with her comic book, titled Fame: Nicki Minaj . [528] (#cite_note-529) [529] (#cite_note-530) She partnered with Beats Electronics (/wiki/Beats_Electronics) to introduce her "Pink Pill" speakers in April 2013, appearing with DeRay Davis (/wiki/DeRay_Davis) in a commercial for the speakers that same month. [530] (#cite_note-531) [531] (#cite_note-532) She introduced her lifestyle product line, "The Nicki Minaj Collection" for Kmart (/wiki/Kmart_(United_States)) , composed of clothing, accessories and houseware. [532] (#cite_note-533) [533] (#cite_note-534) [534] (#cite_note-535) In June 2013, Minaj and Mona Scott-Young (/wiki/Mona_Scott-Young) launched MYX Fusions, a line of fruit-infused, single serve moscato (/wiki/Muscat_(grape)) wine beverages. [535] (#cite_note-536) Minaj is a co-owner, creative director, and ambassador of the brand. [536] (#cite_note-537) Throughout 2014, Minaj released spring, summer, and fall-themed clothing collections for Kmart. [537] (#cite_note-538) Minaj was the face of Roberto Cavalli (/wiki/Roberto_Cavalli_(company)) 's spring-summer 2015 campaign. [538] (#cite_note-539) In March 2015, it was announced that Minaj was a co-owner of the music streaming (/wiki/Music_streaming) service Tidal (/wiki/Tidal_(service)) . The service specializes in lossless (/wiki/Data_compression#Lossless) audio and high definition music videos. In addition to Minaj and company owner Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) , sixteen stakeholders including Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) , Madonna (/wiki/Madonna) , Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) , and Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) own a 3% equity stake in the service. [539] (#cite_note-540) In November 2015, Minaj released a holiday capsule clothing collection for Kmart and its affiliated e-commerce (/wiki/E-commerce) platform, ShopYourWay; [540] (#cite_note-541) and a limited-edition couture collection which was available via Kmart and her website. [541] (#cite_note-542) In September 2017, she released two lipsticks called "Nicki's Nude" and "The Pinkprint" (named after her third studio album (/wiki/The_Pinkprint) ) in collaboration with MAC Cosmetics (/wiki/MAC_Cosmetics) . [542] (#cite_note-543) In November 2017, Minaj starred in H&M (/wiki/H%26M) 's holiday campaign along with Anna Ewers (/wiki/Anna_Ewers) , Mariacarla Boscono (/wiki/Mariacarla_Boscono) , Jesse Williams (/wiki/Jesse_Williams_(actor)) , Charlee Fraser (/wiki/Charlee_Fraser) , and Elibeidy Dani (/wiki/Elibeidy_Dani) . [543] (#cite_note-544) In March 2018, the rapper appeared in a commercial for the Mercedes-Benz A-Class (/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_A-Class) car. [544] (#cite_note-545) In August 2018, Minaj starred in the trailer for EA Sports (/wiki/EA_Sports) ' Madden NFL 19 (/wiki/Madden_NFL_19) video game alongside Lil Dicky (/wiki/Lil_Dicky) , Quavo (/wiki/Quavo) and other celebrities. [545] (#cite_note-546) The following month, she appeared alongside Gucci Mane (/wiki/Gucci_Mane) , Bella Thorne (/wiki/Bella_Thorne) , Tommy Dorfman (/wiki/Tommy_Dorfman) , Yoo Ah-in (/wiki/Yoo_Ah-in) , and Jonathan Bellini in the campaign for Italian clothing brand Diesel (/wiki/Diesel_(brand)) 's "Haute Coture" collection; she also co-designed a t-shirt and denim jacket, titled "The Bad Guy". [546] (#cite_note-547) In November 2018, she co-starred with Quavo and Saturday Night Live (/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live) member Chris Redd (/wiki/Chris_Redd) in the holiday campaign for Madden NFL 19. [547] (#cite_note-548) [548] (#cite_note-549) In 2019, Minaj announced a collaboration with luxury fashion house Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) . Chief executive officer Serge Brunschwig stated the brand "shares great affinity with her. [Minaj] represents the fun aspect of the brand", and that the collaboration "made sense". [549] (#cite_note-550) A capsule collection titled "Fendi Prints On"—after by the lyric containing the same words on her 2018 single, " Chun-Li (/wiki/Chun-Li_(song)) "—was released on October 14, 2019. [550] (#cite_note-551) In March 2022, Minaj fronted the campaign for the "Heaven" spring 2022 collection by Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) . [551] (#cite_note-552) [552] (#cite_note-553) In May, she was named the new creative director of American men's magazine Maxim (/wiki/Maxim_(magazine)) and became the global ambassador and advisor for MaximBet , a sports betting brand launched by the magazine. [553] (#cite_note-554) She also came on board as a stakeholder. [554] (#cite_note-555) [555] (#cite_note-556) [556] (#cite_note-557) In July, Minaj collaborated with Rap Snacks and released her own potato chip flavor, "Barbie-Que Honey Truffle". [557] (#cite_note-558) The following month, Mattel sued Rap Snacks, claiming the company violated the Barbie trademark and had made a "deliberate and calculated" choice to do so. The lawsuit was settled in September after the company changed the snack's name to "Bar-B-Quin". [558] (#cite_note-559) Minaj released a "variety pack" with Rap Snacks in October, [559] (#cite_note-560) and a "Nocho Nachos" nachos (/wiki/Nachos) flavor in March 2023, inspired by her 2023 single, "Red Ruby Da Sleeze". [560] (#cite_note-561) Also in October, the rapper appeared alongside Lil Baby (/wiki/Lil_Baby) , Kane Brown (/wiki/Kane_Brown) , Pete Davidson (/wiki/Pete_Davidson) , and Bukayo Saka (/wiki/Bukayo_Saka) in a trailer for the first-person shooter (/wiki/First-person_shooter) video game, Call of Duty: (/wiki/Call_of_Duty:_Modern_Warfare_II_(2022_video_game)) Modern Warfare II . [561] (#cite_note-562) In March 2024, Minaj launched her press-on nails (/wiki/Artificial_nails) line, Pink Friday Nails. [562] (#cite_note-563) A vegan and cruelty-free brand, it was launched DTC (/wiki/Direct-to-consumer) via its webstore, [563] (#cite_note-564) and later made available via Shopify as well. [564] (#cite_note-565) Pop-up (/wiki/Pop-up_retail) stations dedicated to the range were held exclusively to VIP ticket holders on the Pink Friday 2 World Tour. [565] (#cite_note-566) In April, she and British apparel brand Loci released a sneaker collection. [566] (#cite_note-567) Minaj clarified that the association was not "a sponsorship. [She is] an owner and partner". [567] (#cite_note-568) Loci announced that month that Minaj joined the brand as a co-owner and investor. [568] (#cite_note-569) Heavy On It Records On March 3, 2023, Minaj announced the launch of her record label imprint on an episode of her radio show, "Queen Radio". Minaj did not reveal the name of the label but did say her long-time friend Patty "Patty Duke" Lauren has signed on as the label's A&R. Minaj also unveiled her starting roster: Nana Fofie, Tate Kobang, Rico Danna, and London Hill. [569] (#cite_note-570) [570] (#cite_note-571) [571] (#cite_note-572) On March 13, 2023, Minaj revealed the name of her imprint as "Heavy On It Records". The label currently has a venture with Republic Records (/wiki/Republic_Records) . [572] (#cite_note-573) Gaming A playable character model of Minaj in her "Red Ruby" persona was released as downloadable content (/wiki/Downloadable_content) to the first-person shooter (/wiki/First-person_shooter) video game, Call of Duty: (/wiki/Call_of_Duty:_Modern_Warfare_II_(2022_video_game)) Modern Warfare II in July 2023 alongside those of rappers Snoop Dogg (/wiki/Snoop_Dogg) and 21 Savage (/wiki/21_Savage) to commemorate the 50th anniversary of hip-hop music's origin; her character marked the first woman "operator" of the game. [573] (#cite_note-574) On December 8, 2023, she and Roblox introduced the virtual world Gag City on the game platform to promote her fifth album, Pink Friday 2 (/wiki/Pink_Friday_2) (2023). [574] (#cite_note-575) [575] (#cite_note-576) Days before the launch, Minaj's fanbase, the Barbz, heavily circulated AI (/wiki/AI) -generated content of the fan-made cityscape (/wiki/Cityscape) Gag City, a pink futuristic metropolis inspired by the cover artwork of the album, which the rapper herself coined on her social media. [576] (#cite_note-577) [577] (#cite_note-578) Personal life In her songs " All Things Go (/wiki/All_Things_Go) " and " Autobiography (/wiki/Sucka_Free) ", Minaj revealed that she had an abortion as a teenager. She has said that although it has "haunted" her, she stands by her decision. [578] (#cite_note-nicminab-579) In July 2011, her cousin Nicholas Telemaque was murdered near his home in Brooklyn (/wiki/Brooklyn) , an incident she references in her songs "All Things Go" and " Champion (/wiki/Champion_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) ". [579] (#cite_note-580) Minaj's father, Robert Maraj, died in February 2021, while walking along a road on Long Island (/wiki/Long_Island) , in a hit-and-run (/wiki/Hit_and_run) accident. [16] (#cite_note-father's_death-17) Charles Polevich, a 70-year-old man, was charged as the suspect of Maraj's death. Polevich was arraigned and charged with two felonies, which were leaving scene of incident involving death of a person and tampering with or suppressing physical evidence. [580] (#cite_note-bbc_news_nickis_father_dead-581) Three months later, she commented on her father's death in a letter, saying, "[...] it has been the most devastating loss of my life. I find myself wanting to call him all the time, more so now that he's gone. [...] May his soul rest in paradise. He was very loved & will be very missed." [581] (#cite_note-582) Relationships In late 2014, Minaj separated from her longtime boyfriend Safaree Samuels (/wiki/Safaree_Samuels) , whom she had dated since 2003. [b] (#cite_note-583) According to Minaj, he had proposed to her, but she declined. [582] (#cite_note-584) Several tracks on The Pinkprint (/wiki/The_Pinkprint) are believed to have been inspired by the end of their relationship. [583] (#cite_note-585) Minaj began dating rapper Meek Mill (/wiki/Meek_Mill) in early 2015. [584] (#cite_note-586) In January 2017, she announced that she had ended their relationship. [585] (#cite_note-587) [586] (#cite_note-588) [587] (#cite_note-589) She briefly dated fellow rapper Nas (/wiki/Nas) in 2017. [588] (#cite_note-590) Minaj began dating her childhood friend Kenneth "Zoo" Petty (born 7 April 1978) in December 2018, [589] (#cite_note-591) and after less than a year of dating, filed for a marriage license in August 2019. [590] (#cite_note-592) [591] (#cite_note-593) She announced that they had officially married in October, hyphenating his last name to hers upon marriage. [592] (#cite_note-594) Petty was convicted of first-degree attempted rape in 1995. [593] (#cite_note-:5-595) He served four years in prison and was required to register as a sex offender (/wiki/Sex_offender) upon release. In 2006, Petty was convicted of first-degree manslaughter (/wiki/Manslaughter) , for which he served an additional six years and eleven months in prison. [594] (#cite_note-596) In July 2020, Minaj announced via Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) that she was expecting her first child. [595] (#cite_note-597) She gave birth to a son on September 30, whom she refers to publicly as "Papa Bear". His real name is still unknown. [596] (#cite_note-598) [597] (#cite_note-599) [598] (#cite_note-600) [599] (#cite_note-601) Legal issues After facing charges for failing to register as a sex offender (/wiki/Sex_offender_registry) in California, Minaj's husband Kenneth Petty was entered into the California Megan's Law (/wiki/Megan%27s_Law) database (/wiki/Sex_offender_registries_in_the_United_States) in 2020, having been convicted of attempted rape (/wiki/Rape_laws_in_the_United_States#New_York) in 1995 in New York. [593] (#cite_note-:5-595) He previously served nearly four years in prison for the mentioned crime. [600] (#cite_note-602) [601] (#cite_note-603) In August 2021, her husband's victim, named Jennifer Hough, filed a lawsuit against the couple for alleged harassment and intimidation, and alleged infliction of emotional distress, and did an interview about the mentioned lawsuit on the talk show The Real (/wiki/The_Real_(talk_show)) . [602] (#cite_note-604) [603] (#cite_note-605) [604] (#cite_note-606) Minaj has not addressed the accusations publicly, but has spoken about it in a private case filing. Minaj claimed she "never asked [Hough] to change her story" and "never offered her any money in return for a statement". [605] (#cite_note-607) Hough later voluntarily dismissed the case against Minaj whilst the case against Petty is still pending. [606] (#cite_note-608) [607] (#cite_note-609) Speaking to a federal judge, Hough's lawyers expressed that they were going to refile the lawsuit in California due to jurisdictional issues while Minaj's lawyer said that the refiling was a "frivolous gambit to avoid a sanctions motion" and that "their claims received an aggressive response". [608] (#cite_note-610) On May 25, 2024, Minaj was arrested at Schiphol Airport (/wiki/Schiphol_Airport) in Amsterdam, Netherlands (/wiki/Amsterdam,_Netherlands) after marijuana (/wiki/Marijuana) was found in her luggage. [609] (#cite_note-arrestandpostponed-611) [610] (#cite_note-amsterdamarrrest-612) The arrest occurred as she was attempting to board a plane for a concert (/wiki/Pink_Friday_2_World_Tour) in Manchester, England (/wiki/Manchester,_England) . [610] (#cite_note-amsterdamarrrest-612) [609] (#cite_note-arrestandpostponed-611) Though she would be released the same day, Minaj would postpone the Manchester show. [609] (#cite_note-arrestandpostponed-611) [610] (#cite_note-amsterdamarrrest-612) Feuds This section may be too long (/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_size) to read and navigate comfortably . Consider splitting (/wiki/Wikipedia:Splitting) content into sub-articles, condensing (/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style) it, or adding subheadings (/wiki/Help:Section#Subsections) . Please discuss this issue on the article's talk page (/wiki/Talk:Nicki_Minaj) . ( July 2024 ) Minaj has been embroiled in several feuds with other artists, including female rappers Lil' Kim (/wiki/Lil%27_Kim) , Remy Ma (/wiki/Remy_Ma) , Cardi B (/wiki/Cardi_B) , Latto (/wiki/Latto) , and Megan Thee Stallion (/wiki/Megan_Thee_Stallion) . After Lil' Kim and media critics noticed resemblances between Minaj and her on the Sucka Free mixtape, [611] (#cite_note-NYDailyNews-613) Lil' Kim accused Minaj of copying her image saying, "If you are going to steal my swag, you gonna have to pay. Something gotta give. You help me, I help you. That's how it goes to me." [611] (#cite_note-NYDailyNews-613) Minaj's single " Roman's Revenge (/wiki/Roman%27s_Revenge) " with Eminem (/wiki/Eminem) was believed by critics to be a response to Lil' Kim's comments, [612] (#cite_note-614) although at the time she denied this. [613] (#cite_note-615) However, in a 2018 interview with Genius (/wiki/Genius_(website)) , Minaj seemingly confirmed that the track "Roman's Revenge" was about the feud, saying, "Someone got at me. A veteran got at me, and I hit them with 'Roman's Revenge' and then I kept on going." [614] (#cite_note-616) Lil' Kim reignited the feud following the release of her mixtape Black Friday, an album that directly referenced Nicki Minaj, including artwork that showed Lil' Kim decapitating Minaj with a sword. [615] (#cite_note-617) A fragment of Minaj's diss track "Tragedy" was released online in April 2011, featuring lyrics "Pink Friday, Eminem, 8 Mile/ It must hurt to sell your album on PayPal." [616] (#cite_note-618) Following the release of Minaj's second album, Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded (/wiki/Pink_Friday:_Roman_Reloaded) , critics suggested that the track " Stupid Hoe (/wiki/Stupid_Hoe) " may have contained attacks at Lil' Kim. [617] (#cite_note-619) In 2007, Nicki Minaj released her debut mixtape (/wiki/Mixtape) , Playtime is Over , featuring the song "Dirty Money", on which she raps, "Tell that bitch with the crown to run it like Chris Brown (/wiki/Chris_Brown) ," over the beat of rapper Remy Ma (/wiki/Remy_Ma) 's song "Yeah Yeah Yeah". Ma, who frequently referred to herself in lyrics as the "queen of rap", believed the verse to be directed towards her and confronted Minaj during a release party about the lyric. [618] (#cite_note-bbtl-620) Ma later rapped several verses which fans perceived to be against Minaj, including in a cypher (/wiki/Freestyle_rap#Types_of_freestyles) during the 2016 BET Hip Hop Awards (/wiki/2016_BET_Hip_Hop_Awards) , on her song " Money Showers (/wiki/Money_Showers) " with Fat Joe, on a remix of the Phresher (/wiki/Phresher) song "Wait a Minute", [619] (#cite_note-621) and in a freestyle on Funkmaster Flex (/wiki/Funkmaster_Flex) 's show on the radio station Hot 97 (/wiki/WQHT) . [620] (#cite_note-622) In 2017, Minaj featured on the songs " Swalla (/wiki/Swalla) " with Jason Derulo (/wiki/Jason_Derulo) and " Make Love (/wiki/Make_Love_(Gucci_Mane_song)) " with Gucci Mane (/wiki/Gucci_Mane) , in which she took apparent shots at Ma, including criticizing her disses and mocking her low album sales. [621] (#cite_note-623) [622] (#cite_note-624) One day after the release of "Make Love", Ma recorded and released the song " Shether (/wiki/Shether) ", a diss track (/wiki/Diss_track) in which she attacked Minaj for allegedly using a ghostwriter (/wiki/Ghostwriter) , her alleged plastic surgery, her fashion, her record deal, and the child sexual assault charges against Minaj's brother, and more. [623] (#cite_note-625) Minaj responded on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) by posting a screenshot of an article showing the opening week sales of Ma's album Plata O Plomo as well as a video of Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) calling Minaj a "rap queen". [618] (#cite_note-bbtl-620) Ma later released a second diss track directed at Minaj, "Another One"; in response, Minaj released " No Frauds (/wiki/No_Frauds) " with Drake (/wiki/Drake_(musician)) and Lil Wayne (/wiki/Lil_Wayne) , a diss track aimed at Remy Ma whose title and chorus references the lyric "I swear to God, this chick a real fraud" from "Another One". [624] (#cite_note-nbcnews.com-626) [625] (#cite_note-627) In "No Frauds", Minaj criticizes Ma for her time in jail and her record sales, while also accusing Ma of getting plastic surgery and not being able to get clearance from Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) to include the remix (/wiki/All_the_Way_Up_(Fat_Joe_and_Remy_Ma_song)#Remixes) of "All the Way Up" on Plata O Plomo . [626] (#cite_note-628) Following its release, Minaj posted to Instagram, writing that she was issuing a challenge to Ma, giving her "72 hours to drop a hit" and promising her half a million dollars if she was able to "book any show or interview" without mentioning Minaj, while also defending herself against criticism of the delayed timing of her response to Ma. [624] (#cite_note-nbcnews.com-626) "No Frauds" was negatively received by critics, who felt that it was not as impressive as Ma's "Shether" and that the appearance of Drake and Lil Wayne on the diss track was a mistake. [627] (#cite_note-629) [628] (#cite_note-630) At a New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) after-party in September 2018, fellow rapper Cardi B (/wiki/Cardi_B) threw one of her high heel shoes at Minaj and attempted to physically attack her; bodyguards intervened before she could reach Minaj, leaving Cardi B with a large bump on her forehead. [629] (#cite_note-631) [630] (#cite_note-632) [631] (#cite_note-633) Following the altercation, she alleged on Instagram that Minaj had previously " liked (/wiki/Like_button) " social media comments that spoke negatively of Cardi B's ability to take care of her newborn daughter. [632] (#cite_note-634) Minaj denied the allegations on her Queen Radio show, claiming she "would never talk about anyone’s child or parenting", and expressed embarrassment at the fight. [633] (#cite_note-635) She accused Cardi B of building "her career off of sympathy and payola" and of bribing DJs and radio outlets with sex to play her records. Minaj also criticized Cardi B's rapping ability, saying, "Do you know what it’s like to sit in your room for hours writing raps? You came into my fucking culture. I never had to fuck a DJ to play my songs." [634] (#cite_note-636) Minaj also called Cardi B a "disgusting pig" for allegedly cyberbullying (/wiki/Cyberbullying) a guest caller on Minaj's show and for unearthed posts calling dark-skinned black women “cockroaches.” [635] (#cite_note-637) In 2022, a feud ignited between Minaj and fellow rapper Latto (/wiki/Latto) after Minaj went on Instagram Live to express her frustration with her song " Super Freaky Girl (/wiki/Super_Freaky_Girl) " reportedly being placed in the pop (/wiki/Pop_music) categories instead of the rap (/wiki/Hip_hop_music) categories for voting consideration at the 65th Annual Grammy Awards (/wiki/65th_Annual_Grammy_Awards) . By way of comparison, Minaj mentioned Latto's 2021 song " Big Energy (/wiki/Big_Energy) " as an example of a song that should also not be considered for the rap categories. [636] (#cite_note-638) She further alleged that there is a "concerted effort to give newer artists things that they really don’t deserve" and that soon the female rap genre will no longer "have any black women", which was taken to be a dig against Latto, whose mother is white and father is black. [637] (#cite_note-639) Latto then tweeted, "Damn I can’t win for losing… all these awards/noms I can’t even celebrate," which was perceived as a response to Minaj's commentary. Minaj responded with a tweet calling Latto a " Karen (/wiki/Karen_(slang)) ", a term typically reserved for white women, and criticizing her for previously claiming to be a fan yet not standing up for her. [638] (#cite_note-rouhani-640) Latto then tweeted that she agreed with Minaj's case but felt the way she brought up Latto's song "seems malicious", alleging that Minaj had been making subliminal tweets about her and had said on the phone that Latto is not "flourishing" and that no one cares about her "little song." This sparked a heated back-and-forth exchange of tweets, in which Latto insulted Minaj's age and her family members by saying she is "married and related to rapists", while Minaj insulted Latto's appearance for looking like "the one pushing 40" and for "wiping that spray tan off & being a Karen", continuing to use the slang term usually for white women. [639] (#cite_note-andregee-641) The back-and-forth carried on through the night, with Latto airing out past subliminal digs by Minaj and Minaj posting a screenshot of a text Latto sent her, followed by Latto releasing an audio recording of a phone conversation the two had. In the end, Minaj deleted all of her tweets to Latto, only leaving behind a video clip of Whitney Houston (/wiki/Whitney_Houston) laughing uncontrollably in a music video, while Latto continued to declare that Minaj is a "40 Year Old Bully." [639] (#cite_note-andregee-641) [638] (#cite_note-rouhani-640) Although having collaborated on the 2019 single " Hot Girl Summer (/wiki/Hot_Girl_Summer) ", Minaj's relationship with fellow rapper Megan Thee Stallion (/wiki/Megan_Thee_Stallion) grew cold after Megan allegedly tried to persuade Minaj to consume alcohol while she was trying to conceive a child. [640] (#cite_note-642) [641] (#cite_note-643) Minaj threw subliminal shots at Megan in her 2023 singles " Red Ruby da Sleeze (/wiki/Red_Ruby_da_Sleeze) " and " FTCU (/wiki/FTCU_(song)) ", both of which make references to the 2020 shooting of Megan (/wiki/Megan_Thee_Stallion#Shooting) by Tory Lanez (/wiki/Tory_Lanez) according to critics and fans. [642] (#cite_note-644) [643] (#cite_note-645) [644] (#cite_note-646) [645] (#cite_note-647) In 2024, Megan Thee Stallion released the song " Hiss (/wiki/Hiss_(song)) ", in which she raps the line that people "don't be mad at Megan", but that they're "mad at Megan's Law (/wiki/Megan%27s_Law) ", naming the law regarding sex offenders (/wiki/Sex_offender) . [646] (#cite_note-648) Believing it to be directed at her and her husband, registered sex offender Kenneth Petty, Minaj took to Instagram Live (/wiki/Instagram_Live) to preview her own song, a diss track against Megan called "Big Foot", alluding to the shooting of Megan's foot. [647] (#cite_note-649) For the next several days, Minaj continued to attack Megan on social media, calling the rapper a "pathological and manipulative liar", accusing her of winning "fraudulent awards", and describing her as a "flop" compared to her own success. [648] (#cite_note-650) She addressed Megan on Instagram Live by saying, "You bringing up 30-year-old tea from when this man was a 15-year-old child. You bringing up 30-year-old tea cause no man will ever fucking love you, and lying on your dead mother", referencing Megan's mother, who died of brain cancer in March 2019. On the radio app Stationhead, Minaj continued to discuss Megan's mother, as well as Tory Lanez and former collaborator DaBaby (/wiki/DaBaby) : "You let everyone be thrown under the bus. You let DaBaby be thrown under the bus, Tory, your best friend, your mom... You better go conjure up your mother and apologize. That’s disgusting." [649] (#cite_note-651) Megan posted an Instagram story where she was doubled over with her left hand on her mouth, seemingly laughing at Minaj's response. [650] (#cite_note-652) Two days after the release of "Hiss", Minaj released the song " Big Foot (/wiki/Big_Foot_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) ", a diss track against Megan Thee Stallion. [651] (#cite_note-653) A few hours prior to the release of "Big Foot", Minaj disclosed that her team was waiting for producer Lil Juju to clear the beat "that [she] had for 6 years" and suggested that Megan tried to prevent the diss track from coming out. [298] (#cite_note-complex.com-299) In the song, Minaj taunts Megan over her dead mother, her appearance, and her ex-boyfriend Pardison Fontaine (/wiki/Pardison_Fontaine) ; various publications reported that the song was poorly received by critics and fans, who criticized the production, the rap flow, and the shots at Megan for being lacking in quality. [301] (#cite_note-Mendez_II-302) [302] (#cite_note-Ahlgrim-303) [303] (#cite_note-Kyndall-304) On the fifth day of Minaj's continued "intense fixation" with Megan following "Hiss", as Rolling Stone labeled it, she speculated on Twitter's Spaces that Megan's management company, Roc Nation (/wiki/Roc_Nation) , had launched a smear campaign against her and accused Megan of seeking sympathy as a victim of violence to further her career, saying "She wanted a Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) moment so bad", an allusion to Chris Brown (/wiki/Chris_Brown) 's 2009 assault on Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna#Domestic_violence_case) . [652] (#cite_note-654) COVID-19 vaccine tweets In September 2021, Minaj announced she would not be attending the 2021 Met Gala (/wiki/Met_Gala) due to the COVID-19 vaccine (/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine) requirement. She stated that she has avoided public appearances and traveling after contracting the virus herself and having to quarantine from her son as a result. [653] (#cite_note-655) [654] (#cite_note-656) [655] (#cite_note-657) She shared several tweets (/wiki/Twitter#Tweets) about her unvaccinated status and claimed she wanted to do more research and be comfortable with her decision first. [656] (#cite_note-658) She alleged in a tweet that her cousin's friend in Trinidad (/wiki/Trinidad) suffered swollen testicles and became impotent as a result of the vaccine. [657] (#cite_note-659) These tweets received backlash where her story about her cousin's friend became the subject of jokes and memes. [658] (#cite_note-660) Trinidad and Tobago health minister Terrence Deyalsingh declared that her claims were false and that no such report existed. [659] (#cite_note-661) Shortly after, Minaj recommended other people get the vaccine and set up a Twitter poll (/wiki/Twitter) on COVID-19 vaccine brands. She tweeted that she was sure she would get vaccinated herself because of touring (/wiki/Concert) . [660] (#cite_note-662) [661] (#cite_note-663) The White House (/wiki/White_House) offered her a phone call with a doctor to answer questions about the safety of the vaccine. [662] (#cite_note-664) In an Instagram Live (/wiki/Instagram_Live) response two days later, she claimed that she was simply asking questions and she did not give any facts about the vaccine. [663] (#cite_note-665) Minaj alleged that reporters harassed her family for a story, with her sharing some text messages she alleged were harassment on social media. [664] (#cite_note-666) In May 2022, Olivia Truffaut-Wong of The Cut stated that Minaj had likely gotten vaccinated, as the 2022 Met Gala (which Minaj attended) required proof of vaccination (/wiki/Vaccine_passports_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic) and a negative COVID-19 PCR test (/wiki/COVID-19_testing) to attend. [665] (#cite_note-667) Discography Main articles: Nicki Minaj discography (/wiki/Nicki_Minaj_discography) and List of songs recorded by Nicki Minaj (/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_Nicki_Minaj) Studio albums Pink Friday (/wiki/Pink_Friday) (2010) Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded (/wiki/Pink_Friday:_Roman_Reloaded) (2012) The Pinkprint (/wiki/The_Pinkprint) (2014) Queen (/wiki/Queen_(Nicki_Minaj_album)) (2018) Pink Friday 2 (/wiki/Pink_Friday_2) (2023) Filmography Main article: Nicki Minaj videography (/wiki/Nicki_Minaj_videography) Ice Age: Continental Drift (/wiki/Ice_Age:_Continental_Drift) (2012) The Other Woman (/wiki/The_Other_Woman_(2014_film)) (2014) Barbershop: The Next Cut (/wiki/Barbershop:_The_Next_Cut) (2016) The Angry Birds Movie 2 (/wiki/The_Angry_Birds_Movie_2) (2019) Tours Main article: List of Nicki Minaj live performances (/wiki/List_of_Nicki_Minaj_live_performances) Headlining Pink Friday Tour (/wiki/Pink_Friday_Tour) (2011–2012) Pink Friday: Reloaded Tour (/wiki/Pink_Friday:_Reloaded_Tour) (2012) The Pinkprint Tour (/wiki/The_Pinkprint_Tour) (2015–2016) Pink Friday 2 World Tour (/wiki/Pink_Friday_2_World_Tour) (2024) Co-headlining The Nicki Wrld Tour (/wiki/The_Nicki_Wrld_Tour) (2019) Opening act Lil Wayne (/wiki/Lil_Wayne) – America's Most Wanted Tour (/wiki/I_Am_Music_Tour) (2008) Lil Wayne – I Am Music II Tour (/wiki/I_Am_Music_II_Tour) (2011) Britney Spears (/wiki/Britney_Spears) – Femme Fatale Tour (/wiki/Femme_Fatale_Tour) (2011) See also Trinidad and Tobago portal (/wiki/Portal:Trinidad_and_Tobago) New York City portal (/wiki/Portal:New_York_City) List of Trinidadians (/wiki/List_of_Trinidadians) East Coast hip hop (/wiki/East_Coast_hip_hop) List of most-followed Instagram accounts (/wiki/List_of_most-followed_Instagram_accounts) List of best-selling music artists (/wiki/List_of_best-selling_music_artists) Notes ^ (#cite_ref-7) Minaj claims she came to the United States as an illegal immigrant, although by the time she moved to the United States, her mother and subsequently her father had lawful permanent residency. (See early life (#Early_life) .) [6] (#cite_note-Penrose-6) ^ (#cite_ref-583) Minaj states in the "My Time Again" documentary, released in 2014, that she was in an 11-year relationship. References ^ (#cite_ref-1) Aniftos, Rania (February 5, 2020). "A Timeline of Nicki Minaj & Meek Mill's Post-Breakup Feud" (https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/nicki-minaj-meek-mill-post-breakup-feud-timeline-8550273/) . Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231107184306/https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/nicki-minaj-meek-mill-post-breakup-feud-timeline-8550273/) from the original on November 7, 2023 . Retrieved November 27, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-Independent_2-0) Haramis, Nick (August 3, 2011). "In the pink: First lady of hip-hop Nicki Minaj is a bewigged global phenomenon" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180911115835/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/in-the-pink-first-lady-of-hip-hop-nicki-minaj-is-a-bewigged-global-phenomenon-2331338.html) . The Independent (/wiki/The_Independent) . Archived from the original (https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/in-the-pink-first-lady-of-hip-hop-nicki-minaj-is-a-bewigged-global-phenomenon-2331338.html) on September 11, 2018 . Retrieved October 5, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Nicki Minaj, Doja Cat Makes Guinness World Record With 'Say So' (https://urbanislandz.com/2021/12/15/nicki-minaj-doja-cat-makes-guinness-world-record-with-say-so/) " (https://urbanislandz.com/2021/12/15/nicki-minaj-doja-cat-makes-guinness-world-record-with-say-so/) . urbanislandz.com . December 15, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220109205905/https://urbanislandz.com/2021/12/15/nicki-minaj-doja-cat-makes-guinness-world-record-with-say-so/) from the original on January 9, 2022 . Retrieved January 12, 2022 . Nicki Minaj is quickly cementing herself as one of the greatest rappers of the decade as she continues to rake in accolades over her illustrious career. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Greenwood, Douglas (March 13, 2019). "Pop is Not a Dirty Word: Nicki Minaj is an ex-pop star. Good for her" (https://web.archive.org/web/20210419002733/https://www.nme.com/blogs/pop-not-dirty-word-nicki-minaj-not-pop-star-anymore-2461070?amp) . NME (/wiki/NME) . Archived from the original (https://www.nme.com/blogs/pop-not-dirty-word-nicki-minaj-not-pop-star-anymore-2461070%3famp) on April 19, 2021 . Retrieved October 17, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Shepherd, Julianne Escobedo (December 11, 2023). "Pink Friday 2" (https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/nicki-minaj-pink-friday-2/) . Pitchfork . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231211072703/https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/nicki-minaj-pink-friday-2/) from the original on December 11, 2023 . Retrieved January 22, 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b Penrose, Nerisha (June 21, 2018). "Nicki Minaj Weighs In on Children Border Crisis: 'I Came to This Country as an Illegal Immigrant' (https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/8462182/nicki-minaj-children-border-crisis-illegal-immigrant) " (https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/8462182/nicki-minaj-children-border-crisis-illegal-immigrant) . Billboard . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211110042741/https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/8462182/nicki-minaj-children-border-crisis-illegal-immigrant) from the original on November 10, 2021 . Retrieved May 7, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Rapper Nicki Minaj's father killed in hit-and-run" (https://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/rapper-nicki-minajs-father-killed-in-hit-and-run/23SXLJG42OKDULJXFOOGSPFTI4/) . The New Zealand Herald (/wiki/The_New_Zealand_Herald) . February 15, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210214233624/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/rapper-nicki-minajs-father-killed-in-hit-and-run/23SXLJG42OKDULJXFOOGSPFTI4/) from the original on February 14, 2021 . Retrieved February 15, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Top Artists" (https://www.billboard.com/charts/decade-end/top-artists/) . Billboard . October 31, 2019. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230326040714/https://www.billboard.com/charts/decade-end/top-artists/) from the original on March 26, 2023 . Retrieved November 3, 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b Lamarre, Carl; Mitchell, Gail; Murphy, Keith; Saponara, Michael; Thomas, Datwon; Elibert, Mark; Diep, Eric; III, William E. 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"Nicki Minaj Donates Money to Struggling Village in India" (https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/7801304/nicki-minaj-donates-money-indian-village) . Billboard . Retrieved August 30, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-416) India, Lindsey (August 29, 2017). "Here's What Drake, Nicki Minaj and More Are Doing to Help Houston After Hurricane Harvey Hit" (http://www.xxlmag.com/news/2017/08/drake-nicki-minaj-houston-hurricane-harvey/) . XXL (/wiki/XXL_(magazine)) . Retrieved August 30, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-417) Howard, Jacinta (August 29, 2017). "Chris Brown, Nicki Minaj, T.I. and DJ Khaled Answer Kevin Hart's Challenge to Donate $25K to Hurricane Harvey Relief" (http://theboombox.com/chris-brown-nicki-minaj-t-i-and-dj-khaled-answer-kevin-harts-challenge-to-donate-25k-to-hurricane-harvey-relief/) . The Boombox (/wiki/Townsquare_Media) . 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Retrieved August 21, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-421) "Nicki Minaj pulls out of Saudi Arabia concert after backlash" (https://www.theguardian.com/music/2019/jul/09/nicki-minaj-pulls-out-of-saudi-arabia-concert-after-backlash) . The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) . July 9, 2019 . Retrieved August 21, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-422) "Nicki Minaj is donating $25,000 to St. Jude's Home for Girls in Trinidad" (https://www.dazeddigital.com/music/article/48157/1/nicki-minaj-is-donating-25-000-to-the-st-jude-s-home-for-girls) . Dazed . February 28, 2020 . Retrieved September 9, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-423) "Tekashi 6ix9ine, Nicki Minaj drop 'Trollz,' proceeds going to Bail Project" (https://globalnews.ca/news/7058641/tekashi-6ix9ine-nicki-minaj-trollz-bail-project/) . Global News . Retrieved August 27, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-424) DeVon, Cheyenne (April 5, 2024). "Billie Eilish, Nicki Minaj, Jon Bon Jovi and over 200 artists call for protections against "predatory use of AI" (https://www.cnbc.com/2024/04/05/billie-eilish-nicki-minaj-200-artists-sign-letter-against-ai-music.html) " (https://www.cnbc.com/2024/04/05/billie-eilish-nicki-minaj-200-artists-sign-letter-against-ai-music.html) . CNBC (/wiki/CNBC) . Retrieved April 6, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-425) Sources for Minaj being cited the "Queen of Rap": "GQ Editors Pick the Best Nicki Minaj Verses" (https://www.gq.com/story/these-are-the-best-nicki-minaj-verses) . GQ . August 10, 2018 . Retrieved October 19, 2021 . "Jesy Nelson Gets Post-Little Mix Career Underway With 'Boyz' Featuring Nicki Minaj: Stream It Now" (https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/9642448/jesy-nelson-boyz-nicki-minaj-listen/) . Billboard . Retrieved October 19, 2021 . "Nicki Minaj x Lil Baby, Mitski & More: What's Your Favorite Music Release of the Week? Vote!" (https://www.billboard.com/music/pop/new-music-release-poll-nicki-minaj-lil-baby-mitski-1235027444/) . Billboard . February 4, 2022 . Retrieved February 7, 2022 . "Nicki Minaj backs Texas councilman who gave her a birthday shoutout" (https://www.nbcnews.com/nbc-out/out-pop-culture/nicki-minaj-backs-texas-councilman-gave-birthday-shoutout-rcna8569) . NBC News. December 13, 2021 . Retrieved January 7, 2022 . Lang, Cady (March 14, 2017). "Watch Nicki Minaj Flawlessly Lip Sync to Celine Dion" (https://time.com/4701402/nicki-minaj-celine-dion-lip-sync/) . Time . Retrieved November 11, 2021 . "BTS' 'Fit Coordination Breaks the Internet, Doja Looks Smokin': See All the Red Carpet Fashion at the 2022 Grammys" (https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-pictures/grammys-2022-red-carpet-1329594/) . Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) . April 3, 2022 . Retrieved April 5, 2022 . Fivio Foreign, who just joined Nicki Minaj on 'We Go Up', poses with The Kid Laroi. Yeah, we'll bring up the queen of rap every chance we get. "Nicki Minaj is the queen of rap. She needs to start acting like it" (https://mic.com/articles/190885/nicki-minaj-queen-rap-of-rap-act-like-it#.Pj6lGHD89) . Mic (/wiki/Mic_(media_company)) . Retrieved October 26, 2018 . Mappoura, Lia (February 15, 2022). "This throwback picture of Nicki Minaj is proof that she ages backwards" (https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/beauty-hair/celebrity-hair-makeup/a39088801/nicki-minaj-throwback-picture/) . Cosmopolitan (/wiki/Cosmopolitan_(magazine)) . Retrieved February 17, 2022 . Wang, Steffanee (February 4, 2022). "Nicki Minaj & Lil Baby Pull Of A Heist On 'Do We Have A Problem" (https://www.nylon.com/entertainment/nicki-minaj-lil-baby-do-we-have-a-problem-video) . Nylon (/wiki/Nylon_(magazine)) . Retrieved February 17, 2022 . "Nicki Minaj: every album ranked and rated" (https://www.nme.com/features/nicki-minaj-every-album-ranked-and-rated-3047363) . NME . September 16, 2021 . Retrieved November 1, 2021 . "Nicki Minaj Pulled Out Of The 2021 VMAs For A Mysterious Reason" (https://www.bustle.com/entertainment/why-nicki-minaj-wont-perform-at-2021-mtv-vmas) . Bustle . September 12, 2021 . Retrieved December 1, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-426) Sources for Minaj being cited the "Queen of Hip-Hop": "From Queens to Queen: Nicki Minaj, 'Pink Friday' (https://www.washingtonpost.com/express/wp/2010/11/22/nicki-minaj-pink-friday-review/) " (https://www.washingtonpost.com/express/wp/2010/11/22/nicki-minaj-pink-friday-review/) . The Washington Post . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0190-8286 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286) . Retrieved November 11, 2021 . Krishnamurthy, Sowmya (October 3, 2018). "Nicki Minaj Is The 21st Century's Insatiable Hip-Hop Monarch" (https://www.npr.org/2018/10/03/651761719/nicki-minaj-is-the-21st-centurys-insatiable-hip-hop-monarch) . NPR . Retrieved June 9, 2020 . Fitzgerald, Trent (December 8, 2020). "Nicki Minaj's Most Essential Songs You Need to Hear" (https://www.xxlmag.com/nicki-minaj-essential-songs/) . XXL Mag . Retrieved November 3, 2021 . Best, Tamara; Chow, Andrew R. (August 30, 2015). "VMAs 2015: Moments to Watch" (https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/30/arts/music/2015-mtv-vmas.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved November 11, 2021 . "Nicki Minaj's 13 Most Priceless Music Moments" (https://www.billboard.com/articles/events/hot-100-festival/6633571/nicki-minaj-hot-100-festival-timeline) . Billboard . Retrieved November 3, 2021 . "Review: BET Experience 2015: Nicki Minaj fails to impress" (https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/posts/la-et-ms-bet-experience-2015-nicki-minaj-fails-to-impress-20150627-story.html) . Los Angeles Times . June 27, 2015 . Retrieved November 3, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-427) Sources that comment on Minaj's influence: Caramanica, Jon (March 30, 2012). "A Singular Influence" (https://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/01/arts/music/nicki-minaj-is-the-influential-leader-of-hip-hop.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved March 30, 2022 . This hard and complex work has paid off: when she releases her second album, 'Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded', this week, it will be as the most influential female rapper of all time. Embley, Jochan (June 16, 2020). "From Nas to Drake, the most influential hip hop artists of all time" (https://www.standard.co.uk/culture/music/the-most-influential-hip-hop-artists-of-all-time-a3863356.html) . Evening Standard (/wiki/Evening_Standard) . Retrieved March 30, 2022 . For many, it was an searing introduction to [Minaj] who would dominate pop music, fashion and social politics for much of this decade, repeatedly breaking down barriers for female artists in the scene. Harrington, Jim (August 6, 2020). "Top 10 female rappers of all time: Did your favorite make our list?" (https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/08/06/top-10-female-rappers-of-all-time-did-your-favorite-make-our-list) . The Mercury News (/wiki/The_Mercury_News) . Retrieved March 30, 2022 . [Minaj] has breathtaking talent and is able to accomplish things on the microphone that are simply spellbinding. Ramirez, Erika (March 31, 2014). "Ladies First: 31 Female Rappers Who Changed Hip-Hop" (https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/ladies-first-31-female-rappers-who-changed-hip-hop-5923011/) . Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) . Retrieved March 30, 2022 . Many female rhymers, from Queen Latifah to Nicki Minaj, have destroyed the proverbial glass ceiling to become legends in their own right. In celebration of women's history month, we're spotlighting 31 of the greatest female rappers of all time. Staples, Brent (July 7, 2012). "Nicki Minaj Crashes Hip-Hop's Boys Club" (https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/08/opinion/sunday/nicki-minaj-crashes-hip-hops-boys-club.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved March 30, 2022 . Two albums later ... [Minaj] is already being hailed, with some justification, as the most influential female rapper of all time. "Saweetie, City Girls and the Female Rapper Renaissance" (https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/29/arts/music/female-rappers.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . November 29, 2020. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved March 30, 2022 . Now, finally, things appear to be evolving in a more progressive direction. Nicki Minaj has been one of the most influential rappers of the last decade. Inman, Demicia (November 24, 2020). 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"Is Remy Ma Throwing Shots at Nicki Minaj in Phresher's 'Wait a Minute (Remix)' Video? - XXL" (https://www.xxlmag.com/remy-ma-nicki-minaj-phresher-wait-a-minute-remix-video/) . XXL (/wiki/XXL_(magazine)) . Retrieved December 8, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-622) Setaro, Shawn (February 26, 2017). "A Prelude to "ShETHER": The History of Beef Between Remy Ma and Nicki Minaj" (https://www.complex.com/music/2017/02/history-of-the-beef-between-remy-ma-and-nicki-minaj) . Complex (/wiki/Complex_(magazine)) . Retrieved December 9, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-623) Nelson, Jeff (March 22, 2017). "Jason Derulo on Nicki Minaj-Remy Ma Feud, "Swalla": I Don't Know That It's a Diss" (https://people.com/music/jason-derulo-didnt-know-nicki-minaj-remy-ma-feud-swalla/) . People (/wiki/People_(magazine)) . Retrieved December 9, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-624) Cowen, Trace William (February 24, 2017). 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"Nicki Minaj fans the Remy Ma feud flames with 'No Frauds' (https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/entertainthis/2017/03/10/nicki-minaj-remy-ma-no-frauds-diss-track/98998568/) " (https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/entertainthis/2017/03/10/nicki-minaj-remy-ma-no-frauds-diss-track/98998568/) . USA Today . Retrieved December 9, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-628) "Nicki Minaj hurls disses back at Remy Ma, drops new songs with Drake and Lil Wayne" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170920045338/https://revolt.tv/stories/2017/03/10/nicki-minaj-hurls-disses-back-remy-ma-drops-songs-drake-lil-wayne-0700522b24) . Revolt (/wiki/Revolt_(TV_network)) . Archived from the original (https://revolt.tv/stories/2017/03/10/nicki-minaj-hurls-disses-back-remy-ma-drops-songs-drake-lil-wayne-0700522b24) on September 20, 2017 . Retrieved July 25, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-629) Krishnamurthy, Sowmya (March 10, 2017). "Nicki Minaj Goes for Hype With 'No Frauds' Release: Critic's Take" (https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/hip-hop/7718164/nicki-minaj-no-frauds-hype-remy-ma-shether-response) . Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) . Retrieved December 9, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-630) Zisook, Brian "Z" (February 12, 2018). "Nicki Minaj's "No Frauds" is a Fraud, But She's Still the Winner" (https://djbooth.net/features/2017-03-10-nicki-minaj-no-frauds) . DJBooth . Retrieved December 9, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-631) "Cardi B Jokes About Nicki Minaj Fight — and That Knot on Her Forehead — One Week Later" (https://people.com/music/cardi-b-jokes-nicki-minaj-fight-photo/) . People . Retrieved September 18, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-632) Ngwadla, Nkosazana. "Cardi B opens up about why she attacked Nicki Minaj" (https://www.news24.com/drum/celebs/cardi-b-opens-up-about-why-she-attacked-nicki-minaj-20181010) . Drum . 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XXL (/wiki/XXL_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230403041444/https://www.xxlmag.com/nicki-minaj-disses-megan-thee-stallion-latto-red-ruby-da-sleeze/) from the original on April 3, 2023 . Retrieved April 3, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-647) Cowen, Trace William (December 8, 2023). "Nicki Minaj Fans Are Convinced She's Dissing Latto and Megan Thee Stallion on 'Pink Friday' Sequel" (https://www.complex.com/music/a/tracewilliamcowen/nicki-minaj-latto-megan-thee-stallion-pink-friday-2) . Complex (/wiki/Complex_Networks) . Retrieved December 21, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-648) Bell, Sadie (January 26, 2024). "Fans Speculate Megan Thee Stallion Addresses Nicki Minaj Beef on 'Hiss' as She Sinks Fangs into Haters on New Track" (https://people.com/megan-thee-stallion-releases-hiss-diss-track-addresses-nicki-minaj-beef-8550536) . People (/wiki/People_(magazine)) . Retrieved January 27, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-649) Craighead, Olivia (January 26, 2024). "Untangling the Megan Thee Stallion and Nicki Minaj Beef" (https://www.thecut.com/2024/01/why-are-megan-thee-stallion-and-nicki-minaj-beefing.html) . The Cut . Retrieved January 27, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-650) Mier, Tomás (January 26, 2024). "Nicki Minaj Is Hella Pressed Over Megan Thee Stallion's Apparent 'Hiss' Diss" (https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/nicki-minaj-megan-thee-stallion-hiss-diss-1234955299/) . Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) . Retrieved January 27, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-651) Peters, Mitchell (January 27, 2024). "Nicki Minaj Fires Back at Megan Thee Stallion After Apparent Diss on New Song 'Hiss' (https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/nicki-minaj-megan-thee-stallion-hiss-apparent-diss-track-1235590917/) " (https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/nicki-minaj-megan-thee-stallion-hiss-apparent-diss-track-1235590917/) . Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) . Retrieved January 28, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-652) Stahl, Jay (January 26, 2024). "Megan Thee Stallion, Nicki Minaj feud escalates with 'get up on your good foot' lyric" (https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/music/2024/01/26/megan-thee-stallion-nicki-minaj-songs-shooting-hiss/72366565007/) . USA Today (/wiki/USA_Today) . Retrieved January 27, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-653) "Nicki Minaj Drops Megan Thee Stallion Diss Track 'Big Foot' (https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/nicki-minaj-big-foot-megan-thee-stallion-diss-song-1234955744/) " (https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/nicki-minaj-big-foot-megan-thee-stallion-diss-song-1234955744/) . Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) . January 29, 2024. ^ (#cite_ref-654) Conteh, Mankaprr (January 31, 2024). "Nicki Minaj Says Megan Thee Stallion 'Wanted a Rihanna Moment' After Being Shot" (https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/nicki-minaj-megan-thee-stallion-rihanna-moment-shooting-feud-1234958417/) . Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) . ^ (#cite_ref-655) "Nicki Minaj says she didn't attend Met Gala because of Covid vaccination requirement" (https://www.nbcnews.com/pop-culture/celebrity/nicki-minaj-says-she-won-t-attend-met-gala-because-n1279088) . NBC News . Retrieved September 15, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-656) Towey, Robert (September 15, 2021). "Rap artist Nicki Minaj faces backlash after tweeting inaccurate information about Covid vaccines" (https://www.cnbc.com/2021/09/14/rap-artist-nicki-minaj-faces-backlash-after-tweeting-inaccurate-information-about-covid-vaccines.html) . CNBC . Retrieved September 15, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-657) Nicki Minaj Interview: Mom Guilt, COVID-19 & Having To Quarantine From Her Son! , February 2, 2022 , retrieved February 3, 2022 ^ (#cite_ref-658) "Nicki Minaj says she will get COVID-19 vaccine "once I feel I've done enough research" (https://www.nme.com/news/music/nicki-minaj-covid-19-vaccine-research-met-gala-requirement-3045113) " (https://www.nme.com/news/music/nicki-minaj-covid-19-vaccine-research-met-gala-requirement-3045113) . NME . September 14, 2021 . Retrieved September 15, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-659) "Even the Met Gala Can't Convince Nicki Minaj to Get Vaxxed" (https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/nicki-minaj-not-vaxxed-met-gala-1225492/) . September 13, 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-660) "Nicki Minaj mocked over story on why cousin isn't getting COVID-19 vaccine" (https://thehill.com/blogs/in-the-know/in-the-know/572076-nicki-minaj-mocked-over-story-on-why-cousin-isnt-getting-covid) . The Hill (/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)) . September 13, 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-661) Falcon, Russell (September 15, 2021). "Trinidad & Tobago health minister: Nicki Minaj's 'swollen testicle' COVID-19 vaccine claims are false" (https://www.kxan.com/news/national-news/trinidad-tobago-health-minister-nicki-minajs-swollen-testicle-covid-19-vaccine-claims-are-false/) . KXAN-TV (/wiki/KXAN-TV) . Retrieved September 15, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-662) "Nicki Minaj tweets coronavirus vaccine conspiracy theory, spotlighting struggle against misinformation" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/arts-entertainment/2021/09/14/nicki-minaj-covid-19-vaccine-conspiracy/) . The Washington Post . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0190-8286 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286) . Retrieved September 16, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-663) Kirkl, Justin (September 15, 2021). "Trinidad & Tobagao Has Confirmed They Have No Record of Nicki Minaj's Cousin's Friend's Swollen Balls" (https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/music/a37612591/nicki-minaj-trinidad-tobago-testicles-claim-response-press-conference/) . Esquire . Retrieved February 3, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-664) Lukpat, Alyssa; Kanno-Youngs, Zolan (September 16, 2021). "White House offers a call to Nicki Minaj to discuss vaccine safety" (https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/15/us/nicki-minaj-vaccine.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved September 16, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-665) "Nicki Minaj vows "I'll never use Twitter again" after backlash over viral COVID vaccine post" (https://www.salon.com/2021/09/15/nicki-minaj-vows-ill-never-use-twitter-again-after-suspension-for-viral-vaccine-post/) . Salon . September 15, 2021 . Retrieved September 17, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-666) "Nicki Minaj Calls Out Reporters for Allegedly Harassing Her Family Amid Vaccine Comments Criticism" (https://www.complex.com/music/nicki-minaj-calls-out-reporter-for-allegedly-harassing-her-family-amid-vaccine-comments-criticism/) . Complex . Retrieved January 7, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-667) Truffaut-Wong, Olivia (May 2, 2022). "So … Does This Mean Nicki Minaj Got Vaccinated?" (https://www.thecut.com/2022/05/nicki-minaj-2022-met-gala-vaccine.html) . The Cut (/wiki/New_York_(magazine)#The_Cut) . Retrieved May 4, 2022 . Further reading Hope, Clover (/wiki/Clover_Hope) (2021). The Motherlode: 100+ Women Who Made Hip-Hop . Harry N. Abrams. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4197-4296-5 . External links Nicki Minaj at Wikipedia's sister projects Definitions (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Nicki_Minaj) from Wiktionary Media (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Nicki_Minaj) from Commons News (https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Nicki_Minaj) from Wikinews Quotations (https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Nicki_Minaj) from Wikiquote Official website (http://www.nickiminajofficial.com/) Nicki Minaj (https://www.allmusic.com/artist/mn0001013175) at AllMusic (/wiki/AllMusic_(identifier)) Nicki Minaj (https://www.discogs.com/artist/Nicki+Minaj) discography at Discogs (/wiki/Discogs) Nicki Minaj (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3747326/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Preceded by Cee-Lo Green (/wiki/CeeLo_Green) Saturday Night Live (/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live) musical guest (/wiki/List_of_Saturday_Night_Live_guests) January 29, 2011 Succeeded by Linkin Park (/wiki/Linkin_Park) Preceded by Mark Ronson (/wiki/Mark_Ronson) and Bruno Mars (/wiki/Bruno_Mars) Saturday Night Live musical guest December 6, 2014 Succeeded by Charli XCX (/wiki/Charli_XCX) v t e Nicki Minaj Discography (/wiki/Nicki_Minaj_discography) Videography (/wiki/Nicki_Minaj_videography) Awards and nominations (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Nicki_Minaj) Live performances (/wiki/List_of_Nicki_Minaj_live_performances) Songs (/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_Nicki_Minaj) Studio albums Pink Friday (/wiki/Pink_Friday) (2010) Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded (/wiki/Pink_Friday:_Roman_Reloaded) (2012) The Pinkprint (/wiki/The_Pinkprint) (2014) Queen (/wiki/Queen_(Nicki_Minaj_album)) (2018) Pink Friday 2 (/wiki/Pink_Friday_2) (2023) Compilation albums We Are Young Money (/wiki/We_Are_Young_Money) Rich Gang (/wiki/Rich_Gang_(album)) Young Money: Rise of an Empire (/wiki/Young_Money:_Rise_of_an_Empire) Queen Radio: Volume 1 (/wiki/Queen_Radio:_Volume_1) Mixtapes Playtime Is Over (/wiki/Playtime_Is_Over_(mixtape)) Sucka Free (/wiki/Sucka_Free) Beam Me Up Scotty (/wiki/Beam_Me_Up_Scotty_(mixtape)) Reissues Pink Friday: Roman Reloaded – The Re-Up (/wiki/Pink_Friday:_Roman_Reloaded_%E2%80%93_The_Re-Up) (2012) Concert tours Pink Friday Tour (/wiki/Pink_Friday_Tour) Pink Friday: Reloaded Tour (/wiki/Pink_Friday:_Reloaded_Tour) The Pinkprint Tour (/wiki/The_Pinkprint_Tour) The Nicki Wrld Tour (/wiki/The_Nicki_Wrld_Tour) Pink Friday 2 World Tour (/wiki/Pink_Friday_2_World_Tour) Category (/wiki/Category:Nicki_Minaj) v t e Nicki Minaj songs Discography (/wiki/Nicki_Minaj_discography) Songs (/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_Nicki_Minaj) Beam Me Up Scotty (/wiki/Beam_Me_Up_Scotty_(mixtape)) " I Get Crazy (/wiki/I_Get_Crazy) " " Best I Ever Had (/wiki/Best_I_Ever_Had_(Drake_song)#Remix) " Pink Friday (/wiki/Pink_Friday) " Roman's Revenge (/wiki/Roman%27s_Revenge) " " Did It On'em (/wiki/Did_It_On%27em) " " Right Thru Me (/wiki/Right_Thru_Me) " " Fly (/wiki/Fly_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) " " Moment 4 Life (/wiki/Moment_4_Life) " " Check It Out (/wiki/Check_It_Out_(will.i.am_and_Nicki_Minaj_song)) " " Blazin' (/wiki/Blazin%27_(song)) " " Your Love (/wiki/Your_Love_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) " " Super Bass (/wiki/Super_Bass) " " Girls Fall Like Dominoes (/wiki/Girls_Fall_Like_Dominoes) " " BedRock (/wiki/BedRock) " Pink Friday: (/wiki/Pink_Friday:_Roman_Reloaded) Roman Reloaded (/wiki/Pink_Friday:_Roman_Reloaded) " Roman Holiday (/wiki/Roman_Holiday_(song)) " " Come on a Cone (/wiki/Come_on_a_Cone) " " I Am Your Leader (/wiki/I_Am_Your_Leader) " " Beez in the Trap (/wiki/Beez_in_the_Trap) " " Roman Reloaded (/wiki/Roman_Reloaded_(song)) " " Champion (/wiki/Champion_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) " " Right by My Side (/wiki/Right_by_My_Side) " " Starships (/wiki/Starships_(song)) " " Pound the Alarm (/wiki/Pound_the_Alarm) " " Whip It (/wiki/Whip_It_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) " " Marilyn Monroe (/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) " " Stupid Hoe (/wiki/Stupid_Hoe) " " Turn Me On (/wiki/Turn_Me_On_(David_Guetta_song)) " " Va Va Voom (/wiki/Va_Va_Voom) " The Re-Up (/wiki/Pink_Friday:_Roman_Reloaded_%E2%80%93_The_Re-Up) " Freedom (/wiki/Freedom_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) " " High School (/wiki/High_School_(song)) " " The Boys (/wiki/The_Boys_(Nicki_Minaj_and_Cassie_song)) " The Pinkprint (/wiki/The_Pinkprint) " All Things Go (/wiki/All_Things_Go) " " Get on Your Knees (/wiki/Get_on_Your_Knees_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) " " Feeling Myself (/wiki/Feeling_Myself_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) " " Only (/wiki/Only_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) " " Anaconda (/wiki/Anaconda_(song)) " " The Night Is Still Young (/wiki/The_Night_Is_Still_Young_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) " " Pills n Potions (/wiki/Pills_n_Potions) " " Bed of Lies (/wiki/Bed_of_Lies) " " Truffle Butter (/wiki/Truffle_Butter) " Queen (/wiki/Queen_(Nicki_Minaj_album)) " Ganja Burn (/wiki/Ganja_Burn) " " Majesty (/wiki/Majesty_(song)) " " Barbie Dreams (/wiki/Barbie_Dreams) " " Rich Sex (/wiki/Rich_Sex) " " Bed (/wiki/Bed_(Nicki_Minaj_song)) " " Chun-Li (/wiki/Chun-Li_(song)) " " Good Form (/wiki/Good_Form_(song)) " " Barbie Tingz (/wiki/Barbie_Tingz) " " Fefe (/wiki/Fefe_(song)) " Queen Radio: Volume 1 (/wiki/Queen_Radio:_Volume_1) " Do We Have a Problem? 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Blige (/wiki/Mary_J._Blige) (2003) 50 Cent (/wiki/50_Cent) / Missy Elliott (/wiki/Missy_Elliott) (2003) Jay-Z (/wiki/Jay-Z) (2004) Eminem (/wiki/Eminem) / Missy Elliott (/wiki/Missy_Elliott) (2005) Eminem (/wiki/Eminem) (2006) T.I. (/wiki/T.I.) 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(/wiki/What_Was_I_Made_For%3F) " – Billie Eilish (/wiki/Billie_Eilish) (2024) v t e Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award (/wiki/Michael_Jackson_Video_Vanguard_Award) The Beatles (/wiki/The_Beatles) and Richard Lester (/wiki/Richard_Lester) (1984) David Bowie (/wiki/David_Bowie) (1984) David Byrne (/wiki/David_Byrne) (1985) Russell Mulcahy (/wiki/Russell_Mulcahy) (1985) Godley & Creme (/wiki/Godley_%26_Creme) (1985) Madonna (/wiki/Madonna) (1986) Zbigniew Rybczyński (/wiki/Zbigniew_Rybczy%C5%84ski) (1986) Peter Gabriel (/wiki/Peter_Gabriel) (1987) Julien Temple (/wiki/Julien_Temple) (1987) Michael Jackson (/wiki/Michael_Jackson) (1988) George Michael (/wiki/George_Michael) (1989) Janet Jackson (/wiki/Janet_Jackson) (1990) Bon Jovi (/wiki/Bon_Jovi) and Wayne Isham (/wiki/Wayne_Isham) (1991) Guns N' Roses (/wiki/Guns_N%27_Roses) (1992) The Rolling Stones (/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones) (1994) Tom Petty (/wiki/Tom_Petty) (1994) R.E.M. (/wiki/R.E.M.) (1995) LL Cool J (/wiki/LL_Cool_J) (1997) Mark Romanek (/wiki/Mark_Romanek) (1997) Beastie Boys (/wiki/Beastie_Boys) (1998) Red Hot Chili Peppers (/wiki/Red_Hot_Chili_Peppers) (2000) U2 (/wiki/U2) (2001) Duran Duran (/wiki/Duran_Duran) (2003) Hype Williams (/wiki/Hype_Williams) (2006) Britney Spears (/wiki/Britney_Spears) (2011) Justin Timberlake (/wiki/Justin_Timberlake) (2013) Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) (2014) Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) (2015) Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) (2016) Pink (/wiki/Pink_(singer)) (2017) Jennifer Lopez (/wiki/Jennifer_Lopez) (2018) Missy Elliott (/wiki/Missy_Elliott) (2019) Nicki Minaj (2022) Shakira (/wiki/Shakira) (2023) v t e MTV Europe Music Award for Best Hip Hop (/wiki/MTV_Europe_Music_Award_for_Best_Hip_Hop) Will Smith (/wiki/Will_Smith) (1997) Beastie Boys (/wiki/Beastie_Boys) (1998) Eminem (/wiki/Eminem) (1999-2003, 2010-2011, 2013, 2017) D12 (/wiki/D12) (2004) Snoop Dogg (/wiki/Snoop_Dogg) (2005) Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) (2006) Nicki Minaj 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Lynn Anderson (/wiki/Lynn_Anderson) , Olivia Newton-John (/wiki/Olivia_Newton-John) (1975) Olivia Newton-John (/wiki/Olivia_Newton-John) (1977) Olivia Newton-John (/wiki/Olivia_Newton-John) (1979) 1980s Pat Benatar (/wiki/Pat_Benatar) (1981) Barbara Mandrell (/wiki/Barbara_Mandrell) (1982) Barbara Mandrell (/wiki/Barbara_Mandrell) (1985) Madonna (/wiki/Madonna) (1986) Whitney Houston (/wiki/Whitney_Houston) (1987) Whitney Houston (/wiki/Whitney_Houston) (1988) Whitney Houston (/wiki/Whitney_Houston) (1989) 1990s Paula Abdul (/wiki/Paula_Abdul) (1990) Paula Abdul (/wiki/Paula_Abdul) (1991) Reba McEntire (/wiki/Reba_McEntire) (1992) Whitney Houston (/wiki/Whitney_Houston) (1993) Reba McEntire (/wiki/Reba_McEntire) (1994) Reba McEntire (/wiki/Reba_McEntire) (1995) Reba McEntire (/wiki/Reba_McEntire) (1996) Reba McEntire (/wiki/Reba_McEntire) (1997) Whitney Houston (/wiki/Whitney_Houston) , Reba McEntire (/wiki/Reba_McEntire) (1998) Celine Dion (/wiki/Celine_Dion) (1999) 2000s Shania Twain (/wiki/Shania_Twain) (2000) 2010s Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) (2010) Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) (2011) Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) (2012) Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) (2013) Demi Lovato (/wiki/Demi_Lovato) (2014) Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) (2015) Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) (2016) Britney Spears (/wiki/Britney_Spears) (2017) Nicki Minaj (2018) Billie Eilish (/wiki/Billie_Eilish) (2019) 2020s Ariana Grande (/wiki/Ariana_Grande) (2020) Adele (/wiki/Adele) (2021) Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) (2022) Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) (2024) v t e Cash Money Records (/wiki/Cash_Money_Records) Discography (/wiki/Cash_Money_Records_discography) Founders Bryan "Birdman" Williams (/wiki/Birdman_(rapper)) Ronald "Slim" Williams (/wiki/Ronald_%22Slim%22_Williams) Compilations Rich Gang (/wiki/Rich_Gang_(album)) Singles " Tapout (/wiki/Tapout_(song)) " " Lifestyle (/wiki/Lifestyle_(Rich_Gang_song)) " Subsidiaries Young Money Entertainment (/wiki/Young_Money_Entertainment) v t e Young Money Entertainment (/wiki/Young_Money_Entertainment) Key people Lil Wayne (/wiki/Lil_Wayne) (Founder) Mack Maine (/wiki/Mack_Maine) (President) Compilations We Are Young Money (/wiki/We_Are_Young_Money) Rich Gang (/wiki/Rich_Gang_(album)) (with Rich Gang (/wiki/Rich_Gang) ) Young Money: Rise of an Empire (/wiki/Young_Money:_Rise_of_an_Empire) Singles " Every Girl (/wiki/Every_Girl_(Young_Money_song)) " " BedRock (/wiki/BedRock) " " Roger That (/wiki/Roger_That_(song)) " " Tapout (/wiki/Tapout_(song)) " " We Alright (/wiki/We_Alright) " " Trophies (/wiki/Trophies_(song)) " " Lookin Ass (/wiki/Lookin_Ass) " Related articles Cash Money Records (/wiki/Cash_Money_Records) Republic Records (/wiki/Republic_Records) Sqad Up (/wiki/Sqad_Up) Portals (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals) : Biography (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Pop music (/wiki/Portal:Pop_music) New York City (/wiki/Portal:New_York_City) Trinidad and Tobago (/wiki/Portal:Trinidad_and_Tobago) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International FAST (http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1787295/) ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000122969945) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/76145970087732250928) WorldCat (https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJhhp9xGfQqhqH34mjMHG3) National Norway (https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/15004373) France (https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16215529v) BnF data (https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb16215529v) Germany (https://d-nb.info/gnd/142847925) Israel (http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007361264505171) United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2010042410) Czech Republic (https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0138378&CON_LNG=ENG) Artists Grammy Awards (https://www.grammy.com/artists/nicki-minaj/4579) MusicBrainz (https://musicbrainz.org/artist/1036b808-f58c-4a3e-b461-a2c4492ecf1b) Other IdRef 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Hat made to resemble an animal or other character Example of an animal hat An animal hat is a novelty hat made to resemble an animal or other character. [1] (#cite_note-nyt-1) It is often similar to a beanie (/wiki/Knit_cap) , with facial features, added ears and sometimes details such as whiskers, although versions made from fake fur (/wiki/Fake_fur) are also known by this name. [1] (#cite_note-nyt-1) While they were known before 2010, [2] (#cite_note-2) animal hats became an American fashion trend in the winter of 2010-11 (/wiki/2010s_in_fashion) . [1] (#cite_note-nyt-1) Despite ongoing criticism, including the animal hat being listed as a 2012 fashion faux pas despite also being a "serious fashion statement," they stayed popular into 2013. [3] (#cite_note-hadley-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) Books dedicated exclusively to knitting (/wiki/Knitting) and crocheting (/wiki/Crochet) various styles of animal hats have been published. [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c Sohn, Amy (2 March 2011). "The Enduring Call of the Wild, at Any Age" (https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/03/fashion/03ANIMALHATS.html?_r=0) . The New York Times . Retrieved 28 August 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Adel, Jean (2008). Knitted critters for kids to wear : more than 40 animal-themed accessories (1st ed.). New York: Random House. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780307394668 . Retrieved 11 June 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-hadley_3-0) Freeman, Hadley (4 February 2013). "You want to dress up in a cute animal hat? Oh, please, just grow up!" (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2013/feb/04/cute-animal-hat-grow-up) . The Guardian . Retrieved 28 August 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Schultz, Kayla (18 January 2013). "Top Dos and Don'ts from 2012" (http://gcmag.org/top-dos-and-donts-from-2012/) . Grand Central Magazine . Retrieved 11 June 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Mooncie, Vanessa (3 January 2013). Animal hats : frog hats, elephant hats, cat hats, and more : 15 patterns to knit and show off . Newtown, CT: Taunton Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781600859540 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Goble, Fiona (14 February 2013). Knitted animal hats : 35 wild and wonderful hats and more for babies, kids, and teens . London: Cico Books. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1908862549 . v t e Hats (/wiki/Hat) and caps (/wiki/Cap) List of hat styles (/wiki/List_of_hat_styles) Western (/wiki/Western_culture) culture (/wiki/Western_culture) Formal (/wiki/Formal_wear) Cartwheel (/wiki/Cartwheel_hat) Cloche (/wiki/Cloche_hat) Cocktail (/wiki/Cocktail_hat) Doll (/wiki/Doll_hat) Draped turban (/wiki/Draped_turban) Eugénie (/wiki/Eug%C3%A9nie_hat) Fascinator (/wiki/Fascinator) Half (/wiki/Half_hat) Halo (/wiki/Halo_hat) Juliet (/wiki/Juliet_cap) Mushroom (/wiki/Mushroom_hat) Lampshade (/wiki/Lampshade_hat) Picture (/wiki/Picture_hat) Peach (/wiki/Peach_basket_hat) Pillbox (/wiki/Pillbox_hat) Tam (/wiki/Tam_cap) Top (/wiki/Top_hat) Opera (/wiki/Opera_hat) Semi-formal (/wiki/Semi-formal_wear) Homburg (/wiki/Homburg_hat) Anthony Eden (/wiki/Anthony_Eden_hat) Boater (/wiki/Boater) Bowler (/wiki/Bowler_hat) Buntal (/wiki/Buntal_hat) Informal (/wiki/Informal_wear) Cabbage-tree (/wiki/Cabbage-tree_hat) Chupalla (/wiki/Chupalla) Fedora (/wiki/Fedora) Trilby (/wiki/Trilby) Flat (/wiki/Flat_cap) Coppola (/wiki/Coppola_cap) Newsboy (/wiki/Newsboy_cap) Panama (/wiki/Panama_hat) Pork pie (/wiki/Pork_pie_hat) Smoking (/wiki/Smoking_cap) Wideawake (/wiki/Wideawake_hat) Uniforms (/wiki/Uniform) Aviator (/wiki/Aviator_hat) Bearskin (/wiki/Bearskin) Bell-boy hat (/wiki/Bell-boy_hat) Bicorne (/wiki/Bicorne) Black (/wiki/Black_cap) Boonie (/wiki/Boonie_hat) Budenovka (/wiki/Budenovka) Busby (/wiki/Busby_(military_headdress)) Campaign (/wiki/Campaign_hat) Cap comforter (/wiki/Cap_comforter) Cappello Alpino (/wiki/Cappello_Alpino) Casquette d'Afrique (/wiki/Casquette_d%27Afrique) Caubeen (/wiki/Caubeen) Cavalry Stetson (/wiki/Cavalry_Stetson) Czapka (/wiki/Czapka) Doctoral (/wiki/Doctoral_hat) Feather bonnet (/wiki/Feather_bonnet) Forage (/wiki/Forage_cap) Karvalakki (/wiki/Karvalakki) Fur wedge (/wiki/Fur_wedge_cap) Hardee (/wiki/Hardee_hat) Jeep (/wiki/Jeep_cap) Kepi (/wiki/Kepi) Mazepynka (/wiki/Mazepynka) Nurse's 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Historical (/wiki/History_of_Western_fashion) Attifet (/wiki/Attifet) Apex (/wiki/Apex_(headdress)) Beaver (/wiki/Beaver_hat) Bergère (/wiki/Berg%C3%A8re_hat) Boudoir (/wiki/Boudoir_cap) Boyar (/wiki/Boyar_hat) Bycocket (/wiki/Bycocket) Capotain (/wiki/Capotain) Cavalier (/wiki/Cavalier_hat) Coal scuttle bonnet (/wiki/Coal_scuttle_bonnet) Coif (/wiki/Coif) Dolly Varden (/wiki/Dolly_Varden_(costume)) Dunce (/wiki/Dunce_cap) Fontange (/wiki/Fontange) French hood (/wiki/French_hood) Phrygian (/wiki/Phrygian_cap) Hennin (/wiki/Hennin) Kausia (/wiki/Kausia) Kokoshnik (/wiki/Kokoshnik) Miner's (/wiki/Miner%27s_cap) Mob (/wiki/Mobcap) Modius (/wiki/Modius_(headdress)) Pamela (/wiki/Pamela_hat) Petasos (/wiki/Petasos) Pileus (/wiki/Pileus_(hat)) Poke bonnet (/wiki/Poke_bonnet) Pudding (/wiki/Baby_bumper_headguard_cap) Toque (/wiki/Toque) Witch (/wiki/Witch_hat) Gediminas' Cap (/wiki/Gediminas%27_Cap) Folk (/wiki/Folk_costume) Arakhchin (/wiki/Arakhchin) Asian conical (/wiki/Asian_conical_hat) 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New Zealand makeup artist Michael Ashton Born Michael Owen Ashton ( 1982-03-23 ) 23 March 1982 (age 42) Hamilton, New Zealand (/wiki/Hamilton,_New_Zealand) Occupation Celebrity Makeup Artist Years active 2006-present Known for Adele (/wiki/Adele) 's former makeup artist [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Family Howard Morrison (/wiki/Howard_Morrison) (uncle) Temuera Morrison (/wiki/Temuera_Morrison) (cousin) Taini Morrison (/wiki/Taini_Morrison) (cousin) Not to be confused with Ashton Michael (/wiki/Ashton_Michael) . Michael Owen Ashton (born 23 March 1982) is a New Zealand makeup artist (/wiki/Make-up_artist) , hairstylist (/wiki/Hairstylist) , beauty expert, and brand founder. [6] (#cite_note-WWD-6) He is most notable for being the former makeup artist of recording artist Adele (/wiki/Adele) and for his former affiliation with the cosmetic house of Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) Beauty, owned by Kendo group – LVMH (/wiki/LVMH) . [7] (#cite_note-Fashionista-7) He is currently CEO and Creative Director of his eponymous cosmetics brand, Michael Ashton Beauty. [8] (#cite_note-8) Early life [ edit ] Ashton was born in Hamilton, New Zealand (/wiki/Hamilton,_New_Zealand) . At the age of nine, he discovered his mother’s Nutrimetics case, wet/dry eyeshadow, and hot rollers. He then talked his grandmother into letting him do her makeup backstage when she performed with his uncle Sir Howard Morrison (/wiki/Sir_Howard_Morrison) . [9] (#cite_note-9) Ashton went to Katikati Primary School, Waimata Primary School, and Bethlehem College. He taught himself how to use makeup from Keyvn Aucoin (/wiki/Kevyn_Aucoin) ’s book ‘Making Faces'. [10] (#cite_note-Book-10) He later trained at Servilles Academy of Hairdressing before working at a high-profile salon in Auckland and moving into session styling. He also spent time in New York working alongside the MAC Cosmetics Pro Team and doing the show circuits around Europe. [11] (#cite_note-11) Career [ edit ] Ashton first started working with celebrities when Girls Aloud (/wiki/Girls_Aloud) and Jamelia (/wiki/Jamelia) came to New Zealand on promotional trips. He then started traveling to New York working alongside the M.A.C. Pro team with Gordon Espinet. When he first moved to London in 2006, he assisted Dick Page on the show circuit both in the U.K. and Europe. Through a friend in PR, he was connected to and worked with Bianca Jagger (/wiki/Bianca_Jagger) and Elle McPherson (/wiki/Elle_McPherson) and subsequently began to focus on the red carpet. [12] (#cite_note-12) In 2007, Ashton was introduced to Adele through a mutual friend in the lead-up to the release of her first album, 19 (/wiki/19_(Adele_album)) . Later, Ashton became Adele's personal makeup artist for 12 years. [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) Clients [ edit ] Ashton's past clientele have included Alessandra Ambrosio (/wiki/Alessandra_Ambrosio) , [15] (#cite_note-15) Adele (/wiki/Adele) , [16] (#cite_note-16) Nicole Scherzinger (/wiki/Nicole_Scherzinger) , [17] (#cite_note-17) Jing Lusi (/wiki/Jing_Lusi) from Crazy Rich Asians (/wiki/Crazy_Rich_Asians_(film)) , [18] (#cite_note-18) Penelope Cruz (/wiki/Pen%C3%A9lope_Cruz) [19] (#cite_note-19) and Rosie Huntington Whiteley (/wiki/Rosie_Huntington_Whiteley) . Brand Collaborations [ edit ] Ashton was a "Global Artistry Ambassador" for Marc Jacobs Beauty from 2017 to 2019. This group also included [ clarification needed ] Sarah Tanno (who did Lady Gaga's Super Bowl makeup) and Hung Vanngo, who were joining the same time. [20] (#cite_note-20) Awards [ edit ] Winner of the Wella Young Protege Scholarship (/wiki/Wella) 2000. [21] (#cite_note-21) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "How to Recreate Adele's Signature Eyeliner" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/how-to-recreate-adeles-signature-eyeliner) . British Vogue . 29 June 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-2) march, Bridget (8 September 2017). "Adele's make-up artist has the easiest tips to prevent eye make-up ageing you" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/beauty/make-up-nails/a43642/tips-to-prevent-eye-make-up-ageing-you/) . Harper's BAZAAR . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Adele's Makeup Artist Explains How To Get The Perfect Winged Eyeliner" (http://www.hngn.com/articles/182168/20160224/adeles-makeup-artists-explains-perfect-winged-eyeliner.htm) . Headlines & Global News . 24 February 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Adele's Makeup Artist Has the Most Genius Hack for Your Under Eye Concealer" (https://www.instyle.com/beauty/adele-makeup-artist-michael-ashton-concealer-hack) . InStyle.com . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Lebsack, Lexy. "THIS Is Why Adele Has Had The Best Glow-Up In Hollywood" (https://www.refinery29.com/en-gb/2017/07/163393/adele-hair-makeup-looks-beauty-transformation) . www.refinery29.com . ^ (#cite_ref-WWD_6-0) "WWD Digital Beauty Forum: Celeb Makeup Artist Michael Ashton on the Evolution of Influence" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/beauty-features/wwd-digital-beauty-michael-ashton-1203035476/) . US: WWD. WWD . Retrieved 26 February 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-Fashionista_7-0) WHITNEY BAUCK (10 February 2017). "MARC JACOBS BEAUTY TAPS CELEB MAKEUP ARTISTS, SIMONE ROCHA TALKS FINDING SUCCESS" (https://fashionista.com/2017/02/marc-jacobs-beauty-ambassador) . Fashionista . US. ^ (#cite_ref-8) Fine, Jenny B. (26 February 2019). "WWD Digital Beauty Forum: Celeb Makeup Artist Michael Ashton on the Evolution of Influence" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/beauty-features/wwd-digital-beauty-michael-ashton-1203035476/) . WWD . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Michael Ashton is Adele's Right-Hand Man" (http://www.nzedge.com/news/michael-ashton-adeles-right-hand-man/) . NZEDGE . 2 March 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-Book_10-0) Making Faces by Kevyn Aucoin . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Fine, Jenny B. (26 February 2019). "WWD Digital Beauty Forum: Celeb Makeup Artist Michael Ashton on the Evolution of Influence" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/beauty-features/wwd-digital-beauty-michael-ashton-1203035476/) . WWD . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Michael Ashton is Adele's Right-Hand Man" (http://www.nzedge.com/news/michael-ashton-adeles-right-hand-man/) . NZEDGE . 2 March 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-13) "ADELE s Make Up & Hair Artist MICHAEL ASHTON talks about her iconic look & the Beauty Business" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fMNFq40uPOw) . YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Adele's Makeup Artist Just Revealed ALL OF HER SECRETS" (https://www.fitnessmagazine.com/beauty/makeup/adeles-makeup-artist-just-revealed-all-of-her-secrets/) . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Lupica, Lilith Hardie (29 March 2018). "Victoria's Secret Angel make-up made easy from the man in charge of Alessandra Ambrosio and Behati Prinsloo's glow" (https://www.vogue.com.au/beauty/makeup/victorias-secret-angel-makeup-made-easy-from-the-man-in-charge-of-alessandra-ambrosio-and-behati-prinsloos-glow/news-story/dc46ffb48cb4a8e94cfae4c00bb4f181) . Vogue.com.au . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Lebsack, Lexy. "THIS Is Why Adele Has Had The Best Glow-Up In Hollywood" (https://www.refinery29.com/en-gb/2017/07/163393/adele-hair-makeup-looks-beauty-transformation#slide-14) . www.refinery29.com . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "In the Press - Udo's Choice Beauty Blog" (https://web.archive.org/web/20190318072344/http://www.udoschoicebeautyblog.co.uk/p/in-press.html) . Archived from the original (http://www.udoschoicebeautyblog.co.uk/p/in-press.html) on 18 March 2019 . Retrieved 4 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "The Crazy Rich Asians Premiere Had 13 of the Best Beauty Looks Maybe Ever" (https://www.byrdie.com/crazy-rich-asians-premiere) . Byrdie . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "10 of the best Christmas make-up ideas" (https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/christmas/g29186850/christmas-make-up/) . Harperbazaar . 11 December 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-20) Brown, Rachel (10 February 2017). "Marc Jacobs Beauty Taps Celebrity Makeup Artists as Brand Ambassadors" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/color-cosmetics/marc-jacobs-beauty-celebrity-makeup-artists-10782840/) . WWD . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Wella YPS Backgrounder | Scoop News" (http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/CU0302/S00047/wella-yps-backgrounder.htm) . 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(Redirected from Carla Yules (/w/index.php?title=Carla_Yules&redirect=no) ) Indonesian beauty pageant titleholder (born 1996) Carla Yules Yules in 2021 Born Pricilia Carla Saputri Yules ( 1996-07-08 ) 8 July 1996 (age 28) Surabaya, East Java (/wiki/Surabaya,_East_Java) , Indonesia Other names Carla Yules Alma mater William Angliss Institute of TAFE (/wiki/William_Angliss_Institute_of_TAFE) [1] (#cite_note-almamater/1-1) [2] (#cite_note-almamater/2-2) Beauty pageant (/wiki/Beauty_pageant) titleholder Title Miss South Sulawesi 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2020) Miss Indonesia 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2020) Miss World Indonesia 2021 (/wiki/Miss_World_2021) Eye color Dark Brown / Black [ citation needed ] Major competition(s) Miss Indonesia 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2020) (winner), (Best Catwalk) Miss World 2022 (/wiki/Miss_World_2021) (top 6) ( Miss World Asia & Oceania (/wiki/List_of_Miss_World_Continental_Queen_of_Beauty_winners) ) Pricilia Carla Saputri Yules , (born 8 July 1996) better known as Carla Yules , is an Indonesian beauty pageant titleholder who won the title of Miss Indonesia 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2020) representing South Sulawesi (/wiki/South_Sulawesi) . [3] (#cite_note-Miss_Indonesia_2020/1-3) [4] (#cite_note-Miss_Indonesia_2020/2-4) Yules represented Indonesia at Miss World 2021 (/wiki/Miss_World_2021) , where and reached the top six, and also won the Miss World Asia & Oceania (/wiki/List_of_Miss_World_Continental_Queen_of_Beauty_winners) title. [5] (#cite_note-Top_6/1-5) [6] (#cite_note-Top_6/2-6) [7] (#cite_note-Top_6/3-7) Yules is the fourth Indonesian to win the title and the tenth Indonesian to place as finalist in Miss World (/wiki/Miss_World) history. [8] (#cite_note-Miss_World_Asia_&_Oceania/1-8) [9] (#cite_note-Miss_World_Asia_&_Oceania/2-9) [10] (#cite_note-Miss_World_Asia_&_Oceania/3-10) [11] (#cite_note-Miss_World_Asia_&_Oceania/4-11) Early life and education [ edit ] Yules was born on 8 July 1996 in Surabaya (/wiki/Surabaya) , East Java (/wiki/East_Java) , Indonesia to Chinese Indonesian (/wiki/Chinese_Indonesians) parents, Joe Fredy Yules [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) and Yunny Chandra from Makassar (/wiki/Makassar) , South Sulawesi (/wiki/South_Sulawesi) . [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) After graduating from high school, Yules took a gap year before moving to Melbourne (/wiki/Melbourne) , Australia in 2015 to pursue her culinary study. [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) Yules finished junior high school at St. Agnes Catholic Junior High School and continued her study at Frateran Catholic Senior High School (/w/index.php?title=SMA_Katolik_Frateran_Surabaya&action=edit&redlink=1) [ id (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMA_Katolik_Frateran_Surabaya) ] in Surabaya (/wiki/Surabaya) , East Java (/wiki/East_Java) , Indonesia. She received her diploma in Hospitality Management & Cookery from William Angliss Institute of TAFE (/wiki/William_Angliss_Institute_of_TAFE) in Melbourne, Australia [1] (#cite_note-almamater/1-1) [2] (#cite_note-almamater/2-2) During her time in Melbourne, Australia, apart from working as a cook at well-known restaurants, Yules was actively involved in social activities and volunteered to cook for homeless shelters. Upon taking the crown home, she resumed her social work with MNC Peduli (/wiki/MNC_Corporation) Indonesia. [20] (#cite_note-20) [21] (#cite_note-21) [22] (#cite_note-22) Pageantry [ edit ] Miss Indonesia 2020 [ edit ] Yules entered her first pageant in 2020, aged 23. She represented South Sulawesi (/wiki/South_Sulawesi) and won Miss Indonesia 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2020) in Jakarta (/wiki/Jakarta) , [23] (#cite_note-23) [24] (#cite_note-24) competing against 33 other contestants. [25] (#cite_note-25) During the final question and answer round, the top five contestants were each given different topics to speak on, which they picked through a draw. [26] (#cite_note-26) The question was asked by Liliana Tanaja Tanoesoedibjo (/w/index.php?title=Liliana_Tanaja_Tanoesoedibjo&action=edit&redlink=1) [ id (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liliana_Tanaja_Tanoesoedibjo) ] , president and chief executive officer of MNC Group (/wiki/MNC_Group) and Miss Indonesia (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia) Organization; "Knowledge will give you power, but character gives you respect, can you elaborate this sentence?," asked Liliana. Yules answered: If you have a knowledge you can do many things in life. Knowledge makes you powerful, but having a good heart is foundation to get you a life, and therefore and if you have a good heart, it’s the most powerful human being that you can achieved. [27] (#cite_note-jawaban-27) The grand finale was held at MNC Studio (/wiki/MNC_Corporation) , Jakarta, Indonesia, on 20 February 2020. Yules was crowned by the outgoing titleholder of Miss Indonesia 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2019) and the Miss World 2019 (/wiki/Miss_World_2019) top 40 finalist, Princess Megonondo (/wiki/Princess_Megonondo) of Jambi (/wiki/Jambi) . [28] (#cite_note-28) [29] (#cite_note-29) Miss World 2016 (/wiki/Miss_World_2016) , Toni-Ann Singh (/wiki/Toni-Ann_Singh) of Jamaica attended the awarding night. [30] (#cite_note-30) [31] (#cite_note-31) Miss World 2021 [ edit ] As Miss Indonesia 2020, Yules represented Indonesia at Miss World 2021 (/wiki/Miss_World_2021) , [3] (#cite_note-Miss_Indonesia_2020/1-3) [4] (#cite_note-Miss_Indonesia_2020/2-4) [32] (#cite_note-32) held in the Coca-Cola Music Hall (/wiki/Coca-Cola_Music_Hall) , San Juan (/wiki/San_Juan,_Puerto_Rico) , Puerto Rico, on March 16, 2022. [33] (#cite_note-33) [34] (#cite_note-34) [35] (#cite_note-35) During the pageant pre-quarantine, Yules won several awards, winning the Head To Head Challenge (Group 2) [36] (#cite_note-36) and advancing to the Top 27 semifinal round of The Miss World Talent fast track by showcasing Pakarena Dance (/w/index.php?title=Tari_Pakarena&action=edit&redlink=1) [ id (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tari_Pakarena) ] and traditional Buginese (/wiki/Bugis) cloths, Bodo blouse (/wiki/Bodo_blouse) and Sarong (/wiki/Sarong) . [37] (#cite_note-37) [38] (#cite_note-38) [39] (#cite_note-39) On December 14, the Miss World Indonesia] organization announced that Yules and others tested positive for COVID-19 (/wiki/COVID-19) , [40] (#cite_note-40) [41] (#cite_note-41) [42] (#cite_note-42) [43] (#cite_note-43) [44] (#cite_note-44) [45] (#cite_note-45) [46] (#cite_note-46) and the event was rescheduled. [47] (#cite_note-47) [48] (#cite_note-48) [49] (#cite_note-49) The finale took place on March 16, 2022, with the 40 semifinalists [50] (#cite_note-50) [51] (#cite_note-51) [52] (#cite_note-52) at Puerto Rico's Coca-Cola Music Hall (/wiki/Coca-Cola_Music_Hall) , [53] (#cite_note-53) [54] (#cite_note-54) [55] (#cite_note-55) [56] (#cite_note-56) Yules finished as a top six finalist, with her Can we ever overcome inequality? answer; [5] (#cite_note-Top_6/1-5) [6] (#cite_note-Top_6/2-6) [7] (#cite_note-Top_6/3-7) [57] (#cite_note-Top_6/4-57) [58] (#cite_note-Top_6/5-58) [59] (#cite_note-Top_6/6-59) Can we ever overcome inequality? “Yes absolutely. I do think we can overcome inequality by respecting each other between women and men, and I do think that equality will submerge if we keep each other and keep respecting each other, our presence, and the way we think. That’s why I think we can overcome if we are joined together, we can overcome it. [60] (#cite_note-60) Yules also won Miss World Asia & Oceania (/wiki/List_of_Miss_World_Continental_Queen_of_Beauty_winners) . [8] (#cite_note-Miss_World_Asia_&_Oceania/1-8) [9] (#cite_note-Miss_World_Asia_&_Oceania/2-9) [10] (#cite_note-Miss_World_Asia_&_Oceania/3-10) [11] (#cite_note-Miss_World_Asia_&_Oceania/4-11) This is the tenth consecutive year (a decade) Indonesia placed in the semifinalist, also the third time Indonesia placed in the Top 6 of Miss World (/wiki/Miss_World) history and the third highest placement Indonesia has ever achieved since Maria Harfanti (/wiki/Maria_Harfanti) and Natasha Mannuela Halim (/wiki/Natasha_Mannuela_Halim) both placed as the second runner-up consecutively in 2015 (/wiki/Miss_World_2015) and 2016 (/wiki/Miss_World_2016) . [61] (#cite_note-Top_6/7-61) [62] (#cite_note-Top_6/8-62) [63] (#cite_note-Top_6/9-63) Yules is the fourth Indonesians to win the " Miss World Asia & Oceania (/wiki/List_of_Miss_World_Continental_Queen_of_Beauty_winners) " title. [64] (#cite_note-64) [65] (#cite_note-65) Toni-Ann Singh (/wiki/Toni-Ann_Singh) of Jamaica crowned her successor Karolina Bielawska (/wiki/Karolina_Bielawska) of Poland as the new titleholder at the end of the event. [66] (#cite_note-66) [67] (#cite_note-67) [68] (#cite_note-68) [69] (#cite_note-69) Filmography [ edit ] Yules has appeared in several music videos as a model and co-singer. She has acted in television and talk shows. Television and Talk Show [ edit ] Year Title Genre Role Film Production Ref. 2020 MasterChef Indonesia - Season 6 (/wiki/MasterChef_Indonesia) Cookery (/wiki/Cookery) as herself RCTI (/wiki/RCTI) [70] (#cite_note-Chef/1-70) [71] (#cite_note-Chef/2-71) 2020 OK Chef (/w/index.php?title=OK_Chef&action=edit&redlink=1) [ id (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/OK_Chef) ] Season 1]] Cookery (/wiki/Cookery) as herself RCTI (/wiki/RCTI) [70] (#cite_note-Chef/1-70) [71] (#cite_note-Chef/2-71) 2021 Tonight Show (/wiki/Tonight_Show) [ id (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonight_Show) ] Talkshow as herself NET TV (/wiki/NET_(Indonesian_TV_network)) Music Video [ edit ] Year Title Role Singer/Artist Ref. 2020 Senyumlah as model Andmesh Kamaleng (/w/index.php?title=Andmesh_Kamaleng&action=edit&redlink=1) [ id (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andmesh_Kamaleng) ] [72] (#cite_note-72) 2023 Salah Hati as model 2nd Chance (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CCjYPf6fQDk) [73] (#cite_note-73) Awards and nominations [ edit ] Year Awards Category Nominated work Result Ref. 2020 HighEnd (/wiki/HighEnd) [ id (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/HighEnd) ] by HighEnd Magazine HighEnd (/wiki/HighEnd) [ id (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/HighEnd) ] 2020/2021 Herself Won [74] (#cite_note-74) [75] (#cite_note-75) 2021 HighEnd (/wiki/HighEnd) [ id (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/HighEnd) ] The Alpha Under 40 by HighEnd Magazine HighEnd (/wiki/HighEnd) [ id (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/HighEnd) ] The Alpha Under 40 of 2021 Herself Won [76] (#cite_note-76) [77] (#cite_note-77) See also [ edit ] Indonesia portal (/wiki/Portal:Indonesia) Miss Indonesia 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2020) Miss World 2022 (/wiki/Miss_World_2022) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "Carla Yules Lulusan Melbourne, Peraih Mahkota Miss Indonesia 2020" (https://www.viva.co.id/gaya-hidup/gaya/1200968-carla-yules-lulusan-melbourne-peraih-mahkota-miss-indonesia-2020) . Viva.co.id (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viva.co.id) . 20 February 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200221133141/https://www.viva.co.id/gaya-hidup/gaya/1200968-carla-yules-lulusan-melbourne-peraih-mahkota-miss-indonesia-2020) from the original on 21 February 2020 . Retrieved 20 February 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Bio Data Carla Yules, Wakil Indonesia yang Berhasil Melenggang ke Final Miss World 2021" (https://www.suaramerdeka.com/hiburan/pr-042435485/bio-data-carla-yules-wakil-indonesia-yang-berhasil-melenggang-ke-final-miss-world-2021) . Suara Merdeka (/wiki/Suara_Merdeka) . 21 February 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220122125322/https://www.suaramerdeka.com/hiburan/pr-042435485/bio-data-carla-yules-wakil-indonesia-yang-berhasil-melenggang-ke-final-miss-world-2021) from the original on 22 January 2022 . Retrieved 22 January 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Pricilia Carla Yules dinobatkan sebagai Miss Indonesia 2020" (https://www.antaranews.com/foto/1310086/pricilia-carla-yules-dinobatkan-sebagai-miss-indonesia-2020) [Pricilia Carla Yules has been crowned Miss Indonesia 2020]. Antara (news agency) (/wiki/Antara_(news_agency)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211009023658/https://www.antaranews.com/foto/1310086/pricilia-carla-yules-dinobatkan-sebagai-miss-indonesia-2020) from the original on 9 October 2021 . Retrieved 21 February 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Pricilia Carla Yules crowned Miss Indonesia 2020" (https://beautypageants.indiatimes.com/miss-world/pricilia-carla-yules-crowned-miss-indonesia-2020/eventshow/74335375.cms) . Times of India (/wiki/Times_of_India) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230719203447/https://beautypageants.indiatimes.com/miss-world/pricilia-carla-yules-crowned-miss-indonesia-2020/eventshow/74335375.cms) from the original on 19 July 2023 . Retrieved 27 February 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Carla Yules Profile; Miss Indonesia is in the Top 6 Miss World 2021" (https://nbcnews.my.id/2022/03/17/carla-yules-profile-miss-indonesia-is-in-the-top-6-miss-world-2021/) . NBC News (/wiki/NBC_News) . Retrieved 17 March 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Carla Yules Profile; Miss Indonesia is in the Top 6 Miss World 2021" (https://1news.my.id/2022/03/17/carla-yules-profile-miss-indonesia-is-in-the-top-6-miss-world-2021/) . 1 News (/wiki/1_News) . Retrieved 17 March 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Carla Yules Bawa Indonesia Masuk Jajaran Top 6 Miss World 2021" (https://www.cnnindonesia.com/gaya-hidup/20220317111013-277-772490/carla-yules-bawa-indonesia-masuk-jajaran-top-6-miss-world-2021) . CNN Indonesia (/wiki/CNN_Indonesia) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220318175444/https://www.cnnindonesia.com/gaya-hidup/20220317111013-277-772490/carla-yules-bawa-indonesia-masuk-jajaran-top-6-miss-world-2021) from the original on 18 March 2022 . 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Retrieved 2 February 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b "carla-yules-chef-juna" (https://tabloidnyata.com/0322-carla-yules-miss-world-asia-2021/carla-yules-chef-juna/) . Tabloid Nyata (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawa_Pos_Group#Tabloid) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230719203448/https://tabloidnyata.com/0322-carla-yules-miss-world-asia-2021/carla-yules-chef-juna/) from the original on 19 July 2023 . Retrieved 2 February 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-72) "Sosok Carla Yules, Perempuan yang Wakili Indonesia di Ajang Miss World di Puerto Rico" (https://portalpurwokerto.pikiran-rakyat.com/internasional/pr-1153962942/sosok-carla-yules-perempuan-yang-wakili-indonesia-di-ajang-miss-world-di-puerto-rico) . Pikiran Rakyat (/wiki/Pikiran_Rakyat) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220312235143/https://portalpurwokerto.pikiran-rakyat.com/internasional/pr-1153962942/sosok-carla-yules-perempuan-yang-wakili-indonesia-di-ajang-miss-world-di-puerto-rico) from the original on 12 March 2022 . Retrieved 13 March 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-73) "2nd Chance - Salah Hati (Official Music Video)" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CCjYPf6fQDk) . YouTube . 8 March 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230528004921/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CCjYPf6fQDk&feature=youtu.be) from the original on 28 May 2023 . Retrieved 19 July 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-74) "Miss Indonesia 2020 Carla Yules Terpilih Jadi Salah Satu Pemenang di IBW 2021" (https://www.inews.id/lifestyle/seleb/miss-indonesia-2020-carla-yules-terpilih-jadi-salah-satu-pemenang-di-ibw-2021) . iNews (/wiki/INews) . 20 April 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210420131055/https://www.inews.id/lifestyle/seleb/miss-indonesia-2020-carla-yules-terpilih-jadi-salah-satu-pemenang-di-ibw-2021) from the original on 20 April 2021 . Retrieved 20 April 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-75) "Indonesia's Beautiful Women 2020-2021: Penghargaan untuk 21 Perempuan Cantik Indonesia" (https://highend-magazine.okezone.com/read/indonesia-s-beautiful-women-2020-2021-penghargaan-untuk-21-perempuan-cantik-indonesia-bw6N15) . HighEnd Magazine (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/HighEnd) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220318175449/https://highend-magazine.okezone.com/read/indonesia-s-beautiful-women-2020-2021-penghargaan-untuk-21-perempuan-cantik-indonesia-bw6N15) from the original on 18 March 2022 . Retrieved 22 April 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-76) "Introducing: The Alpha Under 40 by HighEnd Magazine" (https://highend-magazine.okezone.com/read/introducing-the-alpha-under-40-by-highend-magazine-2K26wD) . HighEnd Magazine (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/HighEnd) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220318175448/https://highend-magazine.okezone.com/read/introducing-the-alpha-under-40-by-highend-magazine-2K26wD) from the original on 18 March 2022 . Retrieved 16 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-77) "The Alpha under 40: Carla Yules, Siap Lahir dan Batin Bersaing di Panggung Miss World" (https://highend-magazine.okezone.com/read/the-alpha-under-40-carla-yules-siap-lahir-dan-batin-bersaing-di-panggung-miss-world-Pc2f01) . HighEnd Magazine (https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/HighEnd) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211203102217/https://highend-magazine.okezone.com/read/the-alpha-under-40-carla-yules-siap-lahir-dan-batin-bersaing-di-panggung-miss-world-Pc2f01) from the original on 3 December 2021 . Retrieved 22 April 2021 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Carla Yules . Awards and achievements Preceded by Princess Megonondo (/wiki/Princess_Megonondo) , Jambi Miss Indonesia (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia) 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2020) Succeeded by Audrey Vanessa Susilo, North Sulawesi Preceded by India (/wiki/India) – Suman Ratan Singh Rao (/wiki/Suman_Rao) Miss World Asia & Oceania (/wiki/List_of_Miss_World_Continental_Queen_of_Beauty_winners) 2022 (/wiki/Miss_World_2022) Succeeded by Lebanon (/wiki/Lebanon) – Yasmina Zaytoun (/wiki/Yasmina_Zaytoun) Preceded by Elis Miele Nyekachi Douglas (Top 5) Miss World (/wiki/Miss_World) Top 6 Finalist 2021 (/wiki/Miss_World_2021) (with Karolina Vidales Anna Leitch) Succeeded by Lesogo Chombo Aché Abrahams (/wiki/Ach%C3%A9_Abrahams) (Top 4) v t e Miss Indonesia titleholders (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia) Miss Indonesia (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia) (2005-present) Imelda Fransisca (/wiki/Imelda_Fransisca) ( 2005 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2005) ) Kristania Virginia Besouw (/wiki/Kristania_Virginia_Besouw) (2006) Kamidia Radisti (/wiki/Kamidia_Radisti) (2007) Sandra Angelia Hadisiswantoro (/wiki/Sandra_Angelia) (2008) Kerenina Sunny Halim (/wiki/Kerenina_Sunny_Halim) (2009) Asyifa Latief (/wiki/Asyifa_Latief) (2010) Astrid Ellena Yunadi (/wiki/Astrid_Yunadi) ( 2011 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2011) ) Ines Putri Tjiptadi Chandra (/wiki/Ines_Putri) ( 2012 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2012) ) Vania Larissa Tan (/wiki/Vania_Larissa) ( 2013 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2013) ) Maria Asteria Sastrayu Rahajeng (/wiki/Maria_Rahajeng) ( 2014 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2014) ) Maria Harfanti (/wiki/Maria_Harfanti) ( 2015 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2015) ) Natasha Mannuela Halim (/wiki/Natasha_Mannuela_Halim) ( 2016 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2016) ) Achintya Holte Nilsen (/wiki/Achintya_Holte_Nilsen) ( 2017 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2017) ) Alya Nurshabrina Samadikun (/wiki/Alya_Nurshabrina) ( 2018 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2018) ) Princess Mikhaelia Audrey Megonondo (/wiki/Princess_Megonondo) ( 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2019) ) Pricilia Carla Yules ( 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2020) ) Audrey Vanessa Susilo ( 2022 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2022) ) 2005 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2005) 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2011) 2012 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2012) 2013 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2013) 2014 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2014) 2015 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2015) 2016 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2016) 2017 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2017) 2018 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2018) 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2019) 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2020) 2022 (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia_2022) 2023 2024 v t e Miss World Indonesia titleholders (/wiki/Miss_World) Appointed representatives (1982-1983) Andi Botenri (/wiki/Andi_Botenri) ( 1982 (/wiki/Miss_World_1982) ) Titi Dwi Jayati (/wiki/Titi_DJ) ( 1983 (/wiki/Miss_World_1983) ) Puteri Indonesia (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia) (2005) Lindi Cistia Prabha ( 2005 (/wiki/Miss_World_2005) ) Miss Indonesia (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia) (2006-present) Kristania Virginia Besouw (/wiki/Kristania_Virginia_Besouw) ( 2006 (/wiki/Miss_World_2006) ) Kamidia Radisti (/wiki/Kamidia_Radisti) ( 2007 (/wiki/Miss_World_2007) ) Sandra Angelia Hadisiswantoro (/wiki/Sandra_Angelia) ( 2008 (/wiki/Miss_World_2008) ) Kerenina Sunny Halim (/wiki/Kerenina_Sunny_Halim) ( 2009 (/wiki/Miss_World_2009) ) Asyifa Latief (/wiki/Asyifa_Latief) ( 2010 (/wiki/Miss_World_2010) ) Astrid Ellena Yunadi (/wiki/Astrid_Yunadi) ( 2011 (/wiki/Miss_World_2011) ) Ines Putri Tjiptadi Chandra (/wiki/Ines_Putri) ( 2012 (/wiki/Miss_World_2012) ) Vania Larissa Tan (/wiki/Vania_Larissa) ( 2013 (/wiki/Miss_World_2013) ) Maria Asteria Sastrayu Rahajeng (/wiki/Maria_Rahajeng) ( 2014 (/wiki/Miss_World_2014) ) Maria Harfanti (/wiki/Maria_Harfanti) ( 2015 (/wiki/Miss_World_2015) ) Natasha Mannuela Halim (/wiki/Natasha_Mannuela_Halim) ( 2016 (/wiki/Miss_World_2016) ) Achintya Holte Nilsen (/wiki/Achintya_Holte_Nilsen) ( 2017 (/wiki/Miss_World_2017) ) Alya Nurshabrina Samadikun (/wiki/Alya_Nurshabrina) ( 2018 (/wiki/Miss_World_2018) ) Princess Mikhaelia Audrey Megonondo (/wiki/Princess_Megonondo) ( 2019 (/wiki/Miss_World_2019) ) Pricilia Carla Yules ( 2021 (/wiki/Miss_World_2021) ) Audrey Vanessa Susilo ( 2022 (/wiki/Miss_World_2022) ) Miss Indonesia (Miss World Indonesia) (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia) Puteri Indonesia (/wiki/Puteri_Indonesia) Miss World (/wiki/Miss_World) v t e Miss World (/wiki/Miss_World) Indonesia (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia) placements (/wiki/List_of_Miss_World_titleholders) 2nd Runner-up (/wiki/List_of_Miss_World_titleholders) Maria Harfanti (/wiki/Maria_Harfanti) ( 2015 (/wiki/Miss_World_2015) ) Natasha Mannuela Halim (/wiki/Natasha_Mannuela_Halim) ( 2016 (/wiki/Miss_World_2016) ) Top 5-6 (/wiki/List_of_Miss_World_titleholders) Pricilia Carla Yules ( 2021 (/wiki/Miss_World_2021) ) Top 10 Vania Larissa Tan (/wiki/Vania_Larissa) ( 2013 (/wiki/Miss_World_2013) ) Achintya Holte Nilsen (/wiki/Achintya_Holte_Nilsen) ( 2017 (/wiki/Miss_World_2017) ) Top 15-25 Astrid Ellena Indriana Yunadi (/wiki/Astrid_Yunadi) ( 2011 (/wiki/Miss_World_2011) ) Ines Putri Tjiptadi Chandra (/wiki/Ines_Putri) ( 2012 (/wiki/Miss_World_2012) ) Maria Asteria Sastrayu Rahajeng (/wiki/Maria_Rahajeng) ( 2014 (/wiki/Miss_World_2014) ) Top 30-40 Alya Nurshabrina Samadikun (/wiki/Alya_Nurshabrina) ( 2018 (/wiki/Miss_World_2018) ) Princess Mikhaelia Audrey Megonondo (/wiki/Princess_Megonondo) ( 2019 (/wiki/Miss_World_2019) ) Special Awards Astrid Ellena Indriana Yunadi (/wiki/Astrid_Yunadi) ( Beauty With a Purpose 2011 (/wiki/Miss_World_2011) ) Vania Larissa Tan (/wiki/Vania_Larissa) ( Miss World Talent 2013 (/wiki/Miss_World_2013) ) Maria Asteria Sastrayu Rahajeng (/wiki/Maria_Rahajeng) ( Beauty With a Purpose 2014 (/wiki/Miss_World_2014) 2014 (/wiki/Miss_World_2014) ) Maria Harfanti (/wiki/Maria_Harfanti) ( Beauty With a Purpose 2015 (/wiki/Miss_World_2015) , Continental Queen of Beauty (Asia) 2015 (/wiki/Miss_World_2015) ) Natasha Mannuela Halim (/wiki/Natasha_Mannuela_Halim) ( Beauty With a Purpose 2016 (/wiki/Miss_World_2016) , Continental Queen of Beauty (Asia) 2016 (/wiki/Miss_World_2016) ) Achintya Holte Nilsen (/wiki/Achintya_Holte_Nilsen) ( Beauty With a Purpose 2017 (/wiki/Miss_World_2017) , Continental Queen of Beauty (Asia) 2017 (/wiki/Miss_World_2017) ), Best World Dress Designer Awards 2017 (/wiki/Miss_World_2017) ) Pricilia Carla Yules ( Continental Queen of Beauty (Asia & Oceania) 2021 (/wiki/Miss_World_2021) ) Miss Indonesia (Miss World Indonesia) (/wiki/Miss_Indonesia) Miss World (/wiki/Miss_World) List of Miss World titleholders (/wiki/List_of_Miss_World_titleholders) Beauty With a Purpose (/wiki/Beauty_With_a_Purpose) v t e Miss World 2021 (/wiki/Miss_World_2021) national titleholders Céline Van Ouytsel (/wiki/C%C3%A9line_Van_Ouytsel) Phum Sophorn (/wiki/Phum_Sophorn) Andrea Aguilera (/wiki/Andrea_Aguilera_(Colombian_model)) Rehema Muthamia (/wiki/Rehema_Muthamia) April Benayoum (/wiki/April_Benayoum) Manasa Varanasi (/wiki/Manasa_Varanasi) Pricilia Carla Yules Pamela Uba (/wiki/Pamela_Uba) Lavanya Sivaji (/wiki/Lavanya_Sivaji) Namrata Shrestha (/wiki/Namrata_Shrestha_(model)) Sheynnis Palacios (/wiki/Sheynnis_Palacios) Tracy Perez (/wiki/Tracy_Perez) Karolina Bielawska (/wiki/Karolina_Bielawska) Shudufhadzo Musida (/wiki/Shudufhadzo_Musida) Gabriella Lomm Mann (/wiki/Gabriella_Lomm_Mann) Shree Saini (/wiki/Shree_Saini) Alejandra Conde (/wiki/Alejandra_Conde) Đỗ Thị Hà (/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%97_Th%E1%BB%8B_H%C3%A0) Portals (/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals) : Indonesia (/wiki/Portal:Indonesia) Biography (/wiki/Portal:Biography) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐444xr Cached time: 20240721041217 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.229 seconds Real time usage: 1.795 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 12059/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 260571/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 22920/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 18/100 Expensive parser function count: 14/500 Unstrip recursion 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pricilia_Carla_Yules&oldid=1234870821 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pricilia_Carla_Yules&oldid=1234870821) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1996 births (/wiki/Category:1996_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Technical and further education (/wiki/Category:Technical_and_further_education) Miss Indonesia winners (/wiki/Category:Miss_Indonesia_winners) Indonesian beauty pageant winners (/wiki/Category:Indonesian_beauty_pageant_winners) Indonesian female models (/wiki/Category:Indonesian_female_models) Indonesian activists (/wiki/Category:Indonesian_activists) Indonesian women activists (/wiki/Category:Indonesian_women_activists) Indonesian Christians (/wiki/Category:Indonesian_Christians) Indonesian chefs (/wiki/Category:Indonesian_chefs) Indonesian television personalities (/wiki/Category:Indonesian_television_personalities) Women chefs (/wiki/Category:Women_chefs) Indonesian people of Chinese descent (/wiki/Category:Indonesian_people_of_Chinese_descent) Indonesian health activists (/wiki/Category:Indonesian_health_activists) Elder rights activists (/wiki/Category:Elder_rights_activists) People from Surabaya (/wiki/Category:People_from_Surabaya) Miss World 2021 delegates (/wiki/Category:Miss_World_2021_delegates) Hidden categories: CS1 Spanish-language sources (es) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from March 2022 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_March_2022) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from July 2024 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_July_2024) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata)
American model (born 1995) Gigi Hadid Hadid in 2018 Born Jelena Noura Hadid ( 1995-04-23 ) April 23, 1995 (age 29) Los Angeles, California (/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California) , U.S. Education Malibu High School (/wiki/Malibu_High_School) Occupations Model television personality Years active 1997–present Partner Zayn Malik (/wiki/Zayn_Malik) (2015–2021) Children 1 Parents Mohamed Hadid (/wiki/Mohamed_Hadid) (father) Yolanda Hadid (/wiki/Yolanda_Hadid) (mother) Relatives Bella Hadid (/wiki/Bella_Hadid) (sister) Modeling information Height 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m) [1] (#cite_note-1) Hair color Blonde [2] (#cite_note-models.com-2) Eye color Blue-green [2] (#cite_note-models.com-2) Agency IMG Models (/wiki/IMG_Models) (New York) [3] (#cite_note-3) Jelena Noura " Gigi " Hadid ( / (/wiki/Help:IPA/English) ˈ dʒ iː dʒ i h ə ˈ d iː d / (/wiki/Help:IPA/English) JEE -jee hə- DEED ; born April 23, 1995) is an American fashion model and television personality. In 2016, she was named International Model of the Year by the British Fashion Council (/wiki/British_Fashion_Council) . [4] (#cite_note-bbc.co.uk-4) Throughout her career, Hadid has made at least 50 appearances in international Vogue . [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) Models.com ranks her as one of the "New Supers." [11] (#cite_note-11) Since 2017, Hadid has been one of the highest-paid models (/wiki/Forbes_list_of_the_world%27s_highest-paid_models) in the world, earning $20 million. [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) Born in Los Angeles, she began her career as a child model for Baby Guess. She signed to IMG Models (/wiki/IMG_Models) in 2013 and made her New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) debut the next year. Hadid has appeared in numerous high fashion (/wiki/Haute_couture) campaigns and editorials, and is a spokesmodel for Maybelline (/wiki/Maybelline) . Early life Jelena Noura Hadid was born on April 23, 1995, [14] (#cite_note-YolandaFamily-14) in Los Angeles, California (/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California) , to Palestinian (/wiki/Palestinians) -American real-estate developer Mohamed Hadid (/wiki/Mohamed_Hadid) and Dutch (/wiki/Dutch_people) -American former model Yolanda Hadid (/wiki/Yolanda_Hadid) (née van den Herik). [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-nytimesconstruction-16) Through her father, she claims descent from Zahir Al-Umar (/wiki/Zahir_al-Umar) , Prince of Nazareth (/wiki/Nazareth) and Sheik (/wiki/Sheikh) of Galilee (/wiki/Galilee) . [17] (#cite_note-Fortune-17) [18] (#cite_note-ANGE-18) Her younger sister, Bella (/wiki/Bella_Hadid) , and younger brother, Anwar, are also models. [19] (#cite_note-19) Additionally, she has two older paternal half-sisters, Marielle and Alana. [14] (#cite_note-YolandaFamily-14) [20] (#cite_note-20) She and her siblings were raised on a ranch in Santa Barbara (/wiki/Santa_Barbara,_California) . [21] (#cite_note-21) The family moved to Beverly Hills (/wiki/Beverly_Hills,_California) after ten years. [22] (#cite_note-22) Hadid has stated that "Gigi" was a childhood nickname that was also used by her mother while growing up in the Netherlands. She began using it in school to avoid confusion with a girl in her class named "Helena". [23] (#cite_note-23) In 2013, Hadid graduated from Malibu High School (/wiki/Malibu_High_School) , where she was captain of the varsity volleyball team, as well as an equestrian (/wiki/Equestrianism) . [24] (#cite_note-24) [25] (#cite_note-marcus-25) After high school, she moved to New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) to study criminal psychology at The New School (/wiki/The_New_School) . She suspended her studies to focus on her modeling career. [26] (#cite_note-26) Career 1997–2012: Early work Hadid's modeling career began when she was two years old, [27] (#cite_note-27) after Guess (/wiki/Guess_(clothing)) co-founder Paul Marciano (/wiki/Paul_Marciano) discovered her. She appeared in Baby Guess ads before stopping to concentrate on school. She returned to modeling in 2011 [28] (#cite_note-28) and then resumed working with Marciano, becoming the face of a 2012 Guess campaign. As an adult, she has shot three campaigns with Guess. [25] (#cite_note-marcus-25) [29] (#cite_note-29) 2013–2016: Breakthrough After signing to IMG Models (/wiki/IMG_Models) in 2013, Hadid made her New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) debut in February 2014, walking for Desigual (/wiki/Desigual) . [30] (#cite_note-brannigan-30) [31] (#cite_note-31) In the same month, she made a high fashion (/wiki/High_fashion) break, appearing on the cover of Carine Roitfeld (/wiki/Carine_Roitfeld) 's CR Fashion Book . [32] (#cite_note-32) On July 15, 2014, she starred alongside actor and model Patrick Schwarzenegger (/wiki/Patrick_Schwarzenegger) in designer Tom Ford (/wiki/Tom_Ford) 's Eyewear autumn/winter campaign. [33] (#cite_note-33) She co-hosted the Daily Front Row (/wiki/Daily_Front_Row) ' s Fashion Media Awards event held in New York City on September 5, 2014. [34] (#cite_note-34) She has also starred in campaigns for Tom Ford (/wiki/Tom_Ford) F/W 2014, Tom Ford Velvet Orchard Fragrance and Tom Ford Beauty 2014. [35] (#cite_note-35) [36] (#cite_note-36) She was featured on the cover of Galore magazine in 2014. [37] (#cite_note-37) [38] (#cite_note-38) [39] (#cite_note-39) Hadid in 2016 Hadid appeared in the 2015 Pirelli Calendar (/wiki/Pirelli_Calendar) . [40] (#cite_note-40) Also in 2015, she was the brand ambassador for Australian fashion swimwear label Seafolly. In January 2015, she was named the Daily Front Row ' s Model of the Year [41] (#cite_note-Hendrix-41) and a Maybelline (/wiki/Maybelline) brand ambassador (/wiki/Brand_ambassador) . [42] (#cite_note-42) In March 2015, she and her then-boyfriend Cody Simpson (/wiki/Cody_Simpson) were featured as a part of fashion photographer Mario Testino's (/wiki/Mario_Testino) project "Towel Series." By May 2015, she [43] (#cite_note-43) had walked for designers Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) , Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) , Michael Kors (/wiki/Michael_Kors) , Jean Paul Gaultier (/wiki/Jean_Paul_Gaultier) , and Max Mara (/wiki/Max_Mara) . [44] (#cite_note-44) She appeared in the music video for Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) 's song " Bad Blood (/wiki/Bad_Blood_(Taylor_Swift_song)) ", released the same month. Hadid starred in another music video for Scottish DJ Calvin Harris (/wiki/Calvin_Harris) 's song " How Deep Is Your Love (/wiki/How_Deep_Is_Your_Love_(Calvin_Harris_and_Disciples_song)) " released in August the same year. [45] (#cite_note-45) She has made several appearances alongside her sister Bella. In December 2015, she made her first appearance at the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show) . [46] (#cite_note-46) Hadid has appeared on the covers of Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) (United States, Paris (/wiki/Vogue_Paris) , Italy (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) , Britain (/wiki/British_Vogue) , Japan, Spain, Australia, Brazil, the Netherlands (/wiki/Vogue_Nederland) , Germany, China (/wiki/Vogue_China) ), Schön! (/wiki/Sch%C3%B6n!_Magazine) , [47] (#cite_note-47) Numéro (/wiki/Num%C3%A9ro) , Allure (/wiki/Allure_(magazine)) , W Magazine (/wiki/W_Magazine) and Teen Vogue (/wiki/Teen_Vogue) , as well as The Wall Street Journal (/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal) , Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) (Canada), Dazed (/wiki/Dazed) and Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) (United States, Malaysia). [48] (#cite_note-48) [49] (#cite_note-49) [50] (#cite_note-50) She has shot editorials for VMAN (/wiki/VMAN) , Elle (United States), Grazia (/wiki/Grazia) , Cleo (/wiki/Cleo_(magazine)) , Vogue , Sports Illustrated (/wiki/Sports_Illustrated) , Paper Magazine , Vanity Fair (/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)) and V Magazine (/wiki/V_(American_magazine)) . She has starred in campaigns for Guess (/wiki/Guess_(clothing)) , Versace (/wiki/Versace) , Penshoppe (/wiki/Penshoppe) , Balmain (/wiki/Balmain_(fashion_house)) F/W 2015, Topshop (/wiki/Topshop) , Max Mara, and Stuart Weitzman (/wiki/Stuart_Weitzman) . [51] (#cite_note-51) [52] (#cite_note-52) [53] (#cite_note-53) In 2016, she walked for Versace, Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) , Elie Saab (/wiki/Elie_Saab) , Fendi (/wiki/Fendi) , Marc Jacobs (/wiki/Marc_Jacobs) , Anna Sui (/wiki/Anna_Sui) , Miu Miu (/wiki/Miu_Miu) , Balmain (/wiki/Balmain_(fashion_house)) , Diane Von Furstenberg (/wiki/Diane_Von_Furstenberg) , Tommy Hilfiger (/wiki/Tommy_Hilfiger) , Fenty x Puma (/wiki/Rihanna) , Isabel Marant (/wiki/Isabel_Marant) , and Giambattista Valli (/wiki/Giambattista_Valli) . [54] (#cite_note-54) [55] (#cite_note-55) [56] (#cite_note-56) [57] (#cite_note-57) In January 2016, she became the global brand ambassador for Tommy Hilfiger, fronting campaigns for underwear, apparel and fragrances. [58] (#cite_note-58) In April 2016, Hadid starred in an interactive campaign including a commercial for the BMW M2 (/wiki/BMW_2_Series_(F22)) . [59] (#cite_note-59) She hosted the 2016 iHeartRadio Much Music Video Awards (/wiki/2016_iHeartRadio_Much_Music_Video_Awards) in Toronto (/wiki/Toronto) on June 19, 2016. [60] (#cite_note-60) She co-designed a capsule collection with Tommy Hilfiger called Gigi by Tommy Hilfiger , which was released in the fall of 2016 at New York Fashion Week. [61] (#cite_note-61) During the Fall 2016 Fashion Weeks in New York, Milan and Paris, she opened five shows and closed seven. [62] (#cite_note-62) In October, her boot collection for Stuart Weitzman (/wiki/Stuart_Weitzman) titled the Gigi Boot was revealed, [63] (#cite_note-63) and she became a brand ambassador for Reebok (/wiki/Reebok) , fronting the #PerfectNever campaign. [64] (#cite_note-64) On November 20, 2016, she hosted the American Music Awards (/wiki/American_Music_Awards_of_2016) alongside Saturday Night Live (/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live) alum Jay Pharoah (/wiki/Jay_Pharoah) . [65] (#cite_note-65) She received backlash for an impression of Melania Trump (/wiki/Melania_Trump) during the show, and later apologized. [66] (#cite_note-66) In December 2016, she made her second appearance at the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show) , earning her wings for the first time, [67] (#cite_note-67) and in the same month she won the award for International Model of the Year at the British Fashion Awards (/wiki/British_Fashion_Awards) , presented to her by Donatella Versace (/wiki/Donatella_Versace) . [4] (#cite_note-bbc.co.uk-4) 2017–present: Further recognition and brand collaborations Hadid with her sister, Bella (/wiki/Bella_Hadid) , at the Anna Sui (/wiki/Anna_Sui) Fall Winter 2017 show at New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) , Skylight Clarkston Square, February 15, 2017 Hadid started off the Spring/Summer campaign season starring in Fendi and Moschino (/wiki/Moschino) campaigns. [68] (#cite_note-68) She also was the face of the S/S 2017 campaign for Max Mara (/wiki/Max_Mara) accessories, Stuart Weitzman [69] (#cite_note-69) and DSQUARED (/wiki/Dsquared%C2%B2) 2 . [70] (#cite_note-70) The second Tommy Hilfiger and Hadid ready-to-wear collection was presented in February 2017 for the Spring season. [71] (#cite_note-71) She was the photographer of the Versus (Versace) (/wiki/Versus_(Versace)) Spring/Summer 2017 campaign which featured her then-boyfriend, singer Zayn Malik (/wiki/Zayn_Malik) , and model Adwoa Aboah (/wiki/Adwoa_Aboah) . [72] (#cite_note-72) She also photographed a special summer edition of V Magazine titled Gigi's Journal , which featured Polaroids (/wiki/Polaroid_camera) of fashion industry colleagues, celebrities and close friends. [73] (#cite_note-73) She was featured on four March 2017 Vogue covers: American, British, Chinese, and the inaugural edition of Vogue Arabia (/wiki/Vogue_Arabia) . [74] (#cite_note-74) [75] (#cite_note-75) [76] (#cite_note-76) [77] (#cite_note-77) She also appeared on the covers for CR Fashion Book (Spring/Summer 2017), Jolie (/wiki/Jolie_(magazine)) (April 2017) and The Daily (/wiki/Daily_Front_Row) (Spring 2017). [78] (#cite_note-78) [79] (#cite_note-79) [80] (#cite_note-80) She featured on the May 2017 covers for the Dutch editions of Vogue , Cosmopolitan and Glamour as well as the June/July 2017 cover of American Harper's Bazaar . [81] (#cite_note-auto-81) [82] (#cite_note-82) She has starred in editorials for American Vogue (April 2017) and LOVE Magazine (Spring/Summer 2017). Hadid in a campaign for Stuart Weitzman (/wiki/Stuart_Weitzman) in 2017 She scored her second American Vogue cover in August 2017, sharing it with her then-boyfriend, Zayn Malik. [83] (#cite_note-Vogue170713-83) The third Tommy Hilfiger and Hadid collection was presented in September 2017. [84] (#cite_note-84) During Fall/Winter 2017 Fashion Month in New York, Milan and Paris, she opened the shows for Jeremy Scott (/wiki/Jeremy_Scott) , Anna Sui, Versus (Versace), Alberta Ferretti (/wiki/Alberta_Ferretti) , Missoni (/wiki/Missoni) , H&M (/wiki/H%26M) and Balmain (/wiki/Balmain_(fashion_house)) ; and closed the shows for Isabel Marant (/wiki/Isabel_Marant) , Moschino, Max Mara and Anna Sui. She also released the first season of two new collaborations with Vogue Eyewear and Messika Jewelry. [81] (#cite_note-auto-81) At the Daily Front Row's (/wiki/Daily_Front_Row) third annual Fashion Los Angeles Awards, she was honored for the Best Design Debut for her collection with Tommy Hilfiger. [85] (#cite_note-85) She ended 2017 by being named one of Glamour 's Women of the Year, alongside Nicole Kidman (/wiki/Nicole_Kidman) , Solange Knowles (/wiki/Solange_Knowles) , Muzoon Almellehan (/wiki/Muzoon_Almellehan) and others. [86] (#cite_note-86) She started 2018 with multiple high fashion campaigns, including Valentino (/wiki/Valentino_(fashion_house)) , Moschino, Versace and Fendi. She also went on to release her second collaboration with both Vogue Eyewear and Messika Jewelry. [87] (#cite_note-modelsGH-87) In February, during fashion week, she presented the fourth and last season of her capsule collection with Tommy Hilfiger in Milan. [88] (#cite_note-88) [89] (#cite_note-89) She appeared on many different international Vogue covers in 2018, including British Vogue in March, [90] (#cite_note-90) Vogue Italia in May and Vogue Brazil in September. [91] (#cite_note-91) She also scored multiple American covers, including the Harper's Bazaar May issue, [92] (#cite_note-92) V Magazine 's Fall Preview Cover V114, [93] (#cite_note-93) and W Magazine . She also covered LOVE Magazine 's 10th Anniversary edition, [94] (#cite_note-94) Chaos 69 , and Chaos True Originals – Disney Special . In November 2018, she announced her first collaboration with Reebok designing sneakers for the brand, starting with limited release on December 7 and the full collection to be released later in February 2019. [95] (#cite_note-95) She also returned to the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2018) for the third time in the same month. [96] (#cite_note-96) In early 2019, she appeared on more international Vogue covers, including Vogue Czechoslovakia , Vogue Arabia , and Vogue Hong Kong . [87] (#cite_note-modelsGH-87) In October 2019, she filmed an episode for Food Network (/wiki/Food_Network) cooking competition Beat Bobby Flay (/wiki/Beat_Bobby_Flay) . She teamed up with chef Anne Burrell (/wiki/Anne_Burrell) against chef and restaurateur Bobby Flay (/wiki/Bobby_Flay) . The episode aired in June 2020. [97] (#cite_note-97) She guest-starred in an episode of Scooby-Doo and Guess Who? (/wiki/Scooby-Doo_and_Guess_Who%3F) that aired on October 1, 2020, on streaming service Boomerang (/wiki/Boomerang_(TV_network)) . [98] (#cite_note-98) In August 2022, Hadid revealed that she would be launching her first solo clothing line, Guest in Residence. [99] (#cite_note-:0-99) [100] (#cite_note-:1-100) [101] (#cite_note-101) In 2023, Hadid and Tan France (/wiki/Tan_France) co-hosted the reality fashion competition Next In Fashion . [102] (#cite_note-102) The show was released through Netflix (/wiki/Netflix) on March 3, 2023. [103] (#cite_note-103) Activism The neutrality (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) of this section is disputed (/wiki/Wikipedia:NPOV_dispute) . Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Gigi_Hadid##) . Please do not remove this message until conditions to do so are met (/wiki/Template:POV#When_to_remove) . ( July 2024 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Hadid at the amFAR (/wiki/AmfAR,_The_Foundation_for_AIDS_Research) Gala in 2015 In January 2016, Hadid participated in MasterChef (/wiki/MasterChef_(U.S._TV_series)) and raised $25,000 for Global Lyme Alliance. [104] (#cite_note-104) In October 2016, she joined other celebrities in supporting the BBC (/wiki/BBC) 's Children in Need (/wiki/Children_in_Need) 's T-shirt philanthropy project. The shirt, designed by Giles Deacon (/wiki/Giles_Deacon) , sold for $15 with 70% of all the proceeds going to the charity. [105] (#cite_note-105) In January 2017, after former President Donald Trump (/wiki/Donald_Trump) signed Executive Order 13780 (/wiki/Executive_Order_13780) (commonly known as a "Muslim Ban"), Hadid and her sister, Bella, protested among others in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . [106] (#cite_note-106) Hadid announced in May 2018 that she would be working closely with UNICEF (/wiki/UNICEF) to help children around the world. On August 25, she went on her first mission with UNICEF to visit their programing in Bangladesh (/wiki/Bangladesh) . The trip fell on the eve of the one-year anniversary of the Rohingya refugee crisis (/wiki/2015_Rohingya_refugee_crisis) . [107] (#cite_note-107) On May 3, 2020, Hadid and other celebrities joined forces to play a virtual charity tennis match on Facebook Gaming (/wiki/Facebook_Gaming) . Organized by IMG Tennis, the participants all received $25,000 to donate to a charity of their choice. The winners received an additional $1 million to donate. Hadid played for the non-profit organization Feeding America (/wiki/Feeding_America) . [108] (#cite_note-108) In June 2020, Hadid auctioned off some of her clothes as part of a charity auction organized by British Vogue (/wiki/British_Vogue) that benefitted NHS Charities Together (/wiki/NHS_Charities_Together) and the NAACP (/wiki/NAACP) . [109] (#cite_note-109) Hadid has shown support for the Black Lives Matter (/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter) movement. A percentage of the sales from her quarantine editorial with V Magazine , Gigi's Journal Part II , were donated to four organizations; the Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation (/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter_Global_Network_Foundation) , the NAACP, the ACLU (/wiki/American_Civil_Liberties_Union) , and Campaign Zero (/wiki/Campaign_Zero) . The organizations also received personal donations from Hadid. [110] (#cite_note-110) In 2022, Hadid pledged to donate her earnings from the Fall 2022 shows to help Ukrainian victims of the Russian invasion (/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine) and Palestinians. Vogue magazine (/wiki/Vogue_(Magazine)) reported Hadid's donations to Ukraine but omitted Palestine, for which it received criticism. [111] (#cite_note-111) [112] (#cite_note-112) [113] (#cite_note-113) Hadid is a long-time supporter of Palestine (/wiki/State_of_Palestine) and the Free Palestine movement. [114] (#cite_note-114) [115] (#cite_note-115) Bella Hadid and Gigi Hadid have donated $1 million to Palestinian relief agencies. [116] (#cite_note-116) Personal life Hadid is Muslim (/wiki/Muslim) . [117] (#cite_note-117) [118] (#cite_note-118) She revealed in 2014 that she has Hashimoto's thyroiditis (/wiki/Hashimoto%27s_thyroiditis) . [119] (#cite_note-Gigi_Hadid_reveals_she_has_a_type_of_thyroid_issue_called_Hashimoto's_Disease-119) Hadid has discussed her struggles with social anxiety (/wiki/Social_anxiety) [120] (#cite_note-120) [121] (#cite_note-ElleInterview-121) which she attends psychotherapy (/wiki/Psychotherapy) to help manage. [121] (#cite_note-ElleInterview-121) Ukrainian self-styled prankster Vitalii Sediuk (/wiki/Vitalii_Sediuk) lifted her off the ground from behind in 2016 under the pretense of a prank, [122] (#cite_note-Vitalii_Sediuk:_'It's_not_sexual_assault'_says_self-styled_prankster-122) [123] (#cite_note-Vitalii_Sediuk_Confirms_Gigi_Hadid_Ambush:_Has_Nothing_to_Do_With_High-123) and she was commended on how she defended herself from him. [124] (#cite_note-124) [125] (#cite_note-125) On November 7, 2022, Hadid deleted her Twitter (/wiki/Twitter) account, saying on Instagram, "For a long time, but especially with its new leadership, it's becoming more and more of a cesspool of hate & bigotry, and its not a place I want to be a part of." [126] (#cite_note-126) Relationships Hadid was in an on-again, off-again relationship (/wiki/On-again,_off-again_relationship) with Australian singer Cody Simpson (/wiki/Cody_Simpson) . The pair first met in 2013 when she appeared in his music video for "Surfboard". They began dating later that year before their breakup in 2014. They reunited a few months later before splitting for a second time in May 2015. [127] (#cite_note-127) [128] (#cite_note-128) She appeared in Simpson's music video for "Flower" in February 2015. [129] (#cite_note-129) Hadid was in a relationship with American singer Joe Jonas (/wiki/Joe_Jonas) from June to October 2015. She co-directed Jonas' band DNCE (/wiki/DNCE) 's music video for " Cake by the Ocean (/wiki/Cake_by_the_Ocean) ". [130] (#cite_note-130) [131] (#cite_note-131) She began dating English singer Zayn Malik (/wiki/Zayn_Malik) in late 2015; they broke up and reconciled multiple times. [132] (#cite_note-132) [133] (#cite_note-133) [134] (#cite_note-134) [135] (#cite_note-135) She appeared in Malik's music video for " Pillowtalk (/wiki/Pillowtalk_(song)) ." They starred on the August 2017 cover of American Vogue , [83] (#cite_note-Vogue170713-83) making them the third couple to appear together on a Vogue cover. It courted controversy because of Vogue misnaming them as gender fluid, for which Vogue apologized. [136] (#cite_note-136) They also did a Versus (Versace) campaign as a couple, with Hadid as the photographer. [137] (#cite_note-137) [138] (#cite_note-138) In April 2020, she confirmed that she and Malik were expecting their first child during an interview on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon (/wiki/The_Tonight_Show_Starring_Jimmy_Fallon) , after rumors began to circulate of her pregnancy. [139] (#cite_note-139) [140] (#cite_note-140) Their daughter was born in September 2020. [141] (#cite_note-141) The family spent a majority of their time on a farm in rural New Hope, Pennsylvania (/wiki/New_Hope,_Pennsylvania) , where Hadid's mother and younger sister, Bella, also own land. [142] (#cite_note-142) [143] (#cite_note-143) In October 2021, Malik entered a no-contest (/wiki/Nolo_contendere) plea to four charges of harassment against Hadid's mother, Yolanda (/wiki/Yolanda_Hadid) . He was sentenced by a Pennsylvania court to 360 days of probation as well as counseling for anger management and domestic violence. [144] (#cite_note-144) Hadid and Malik reportedly ended their relationship after the incident. [145] (#cite_note-145) Legal issues In late January 2019, Hadid was sued by the independent photo agency business Xclusive for sharing an October 2018 photo of herself without the photographer's permission. [146] (#cite_note-people-feb-10-146) In 2017, photographer Peter Cepeda took a photo of her, which she later posted on Instagram. He filed a lawsuit against her the following September and it was later settled outside of court. [146] (#cite_note-people-feb-10-146) On July 10, 2023, Hadid was arrested in the Cayman Islands (/wiki/Cayman_Islands) under charges of importation of drugs and drug paraphernalia after customs (/wiki/Customs) and border control (/wiki/Border_control) discovered a small amount of marijuana (/wiki/Marijuana) , along with "smoking utensils", to be among her belongings when she touched down at the Owen Roberts International Airport (/wiki/Owen_Roberts_International_Airport) . [147] (#cite_note-147) Although determined that the possession of the marijuana was for personal use only, Hadid was nonetheless charged with importation-related crimes. She was later processed, fined $1,000, and released. [148] (#cite_note-148) In 2017, Hadid attempted to travel to Shanghai (/wiki/Shanghai) to participate in the 2017 Victoria's Secret Fashion Show (/wiki/Victoria%27s_Secret_Fashion_Show_2017) but ultimately could not, as her Chinese visa (/wiki/Visa_(document)) was reportedly revoked after an online video showing her doing a slant-eyes gesture in imitation of Buddha (/wiki/Gautama_Buddha) was criticized as racist by Chinese internet (/wiki/Internet_in_China) users. [149] (#cite_note-149) [150] (#cite_note-scmpafp-150) Filmography Film and television Year Title Role Notes 2012 Virgin Eyes Andrea Short film 2012–2016 The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills (/wiki/The_Real_Housewives_of_Beverly_Hills) Herself Multiple appearances (season 3–6) 2015 Those Wrecked by Success Herself Short film 2016 MasterChef (/wiki/MasterChef_(U.S._TV_series)) Herself Episode: "MasterChef Celebrity Showdown" 2016 RuPaul's Drag Race (/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Drag_Race) Guest judge Episode: season 8 (/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Drag_Race_(season_8)) , week 5 2016 Lip Sync Battle (/wiki/Lip_Sync_Battle) Herself Episode: "Gigi Hadid vs. Tyler Posey (/wiki/Tyler_Posey) " 2016 iHeartRadio Much Music Video Awards (/wiki/2016_iHeartRadio_Much_Music_Video_Awards) Host 2016 American Music Awards (/wiki/American_Music_Awards_of_2016) Host 2018 Ocean's 8 (/wiki/Ocean%27s_8) Herself Cameo 2018 Pirelli Calendar (/wiki/Pirelli_Calendar) Herself Short film by Albert Watson 2020 Beat Bobby Flay (/wiki/Beat_Bobby_Flay) Herself Episode: "Superchef, Supermodel" 2020 Scooby-Doo and Guess Who? (/wiki/Scooby-Doo_and_Guess_Who%3F) Herself Episode: "A Moveable Mystery" 2021–2023 Never Have I Ever (/wiki/Never_Have_I_Ever_(TV_series)) Herself (voice) 2 episodes [151] (#cite_note-151) 2023 Next In Fashion Co-host Season 2 Music videos Year Title Artist Role 2014 "Surfboard" Cody Simpson (/wiki/Cody_Simpson) Herself 2014 "Simplethings" Miguel (/wiki/Miguel_(singer)) Love interest 2015 " Bad Blood (/wiki/Bad_Blood_(Taylor_Swift_song)) " Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) Slay-Z 2015 " Flower (/wiki/Flower_(Cody_Simpson_song)) " Cody Simpson (/wiki/Cody_Simpson) Herself (cameo) 2015 " How Deep Is Your Love (/wiki/How_Deep_Is_Your_Love_(Calvin_Harris_and_Disciples_song)) " Calvin Harris (/wiki/Calvin_Harris) and Disciples (/wiki/Disciples_(production_team)) Girl in love 2015 " Gasoline (/wiki/Gasoline_(Halsey_song)) " Halsey (/wiki/Halsey_(singer)) Herself 2015 " Cake by the Ocean (/wiki/Cake_by_the_Ocean) " DNCE (/wiki/DNCE) Director 2016 " Pillowtalk (/wiki/Pillowtalk_(song)) " Zayn (/wiki/Zayn_Malik) Girlfriend 2020 " One More Time (/wiki/One_More_Time_(Daft_Punk_song)) " ( V Magazine (/wiki/V_(American_magazine)) version) [152] (#cite_note-152) Daft Punk (/wiki/Daft_Punk) Animated version of herself Music releases Year Title Artist Role 2007 " The Little Drummer Boy (/wiki/The_Little_Drummer_Boy) " on Noël (/wiki/No%C3%ABl_(Josh_Groban_album)) Josh Groban (/wiki/Josh_Groban) Backing vocals 2007 " I'll Be Home for Christmas (/wiki/I%27ll_Be_Home_for_Christmas) " on Noël (/wiki/No%C3%ABl_(Josh_Groban_album)) Josh Groban (/wiki/Josh_Groban) Backing vocals Awards and nominations Gigi Hadid award nominations Year Association Category Result 2015 First Annual Fashion Los Angeles Awards (/wiki/Daily_Front_Row) [153] (#cite_note-153) Model of The Year Won 2015 Teen Choice Awards (/wiki/Teen_Choice_Awards) [154] (#cite_note-154) Choice Model (/wiki/2015_Teen_Choice_Awards#Miscellaneous) Nominated 2016 TRL Awards (/wiki/TRL_Awards) [155] (#cite_note-155) Best Look Won 2016 Teen Choice Awards (/wiki/Teen_Choice_Awards) [156] (#cite_note-156) Choice Female Hottie Nominated 2016 British Fashion Awards (/wiki/British_Fashion_Awards) [4] (#cite_note-bbc.co.uk-4) International Model of the Year Won 2017 Third Annual Fashion Los Angeles Awards (/wiki/Daily_Front_Row) [157] (#cite_note-157) Best Design Debut Won 2017 Teen Choice Awards (/wiki/Teen_Choice_Awards) [158] (#cite_note-158) Choice Model (/wiki/2017_Teen_Choice_Awards#Miscellaneous) Nominated 2018 Teen Choice Awards (/wiki/Teen_Choice_Awards) [159] (#cite_note-159) Choice Model (/wiki/2018_Teen_Choice_Awards#Miscellaneous) Won See also Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) References ^ (#cite_ref-1) https://www.imgmodels.com/new-york/women/3358-gigi-hadid (https://www.imgmodels.com/new-york/women/3358-gigi-hadid) ^ Jump up to: a b Rosie, Miss (May 7, 2012). "Daily Duo: Gigi" (https://models.com/newfaces/dailyduo/20466) . Models.com. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150905154157/http://models.com/newfaces/dailyduo/20466) from the original on September 5, 2015 . Retrieved April 4, 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Gigi Hadid – Model" (https://www.models.com/model/gigi-hadid) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211128123229/https://www.models.com/model/gigi-hadid) from the original on November 28, 2021 . Retrieved February 4, 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Gigi Hadid wins international model of the year at 2016 Fashion Awards" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/article/38218565/gigi-hadid-wins-international-model-of-the-year-at-2016-fashion-awards) . BBC News . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20161222220534/http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/article/38218565/gigi-hadid-wins-international-model-of-the-year-at-2016-fashion-awards) from the original on December 22, 2016 . Retrieved December 20, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Every Gigi Hadid 'Vogue' Cover, All in One Place" (https://fashionista.com/2016/04/gigi-hadid-every-vogue-cover#gid=ci01e9fb5a8003276c&gid=ci01e9fb5a8003276c&pid=teen-vogue-2jpg) . Fashionista . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240313093502/https://fashionista.com/2016/04/gigi-hadid-every-vogue-cover#gid=ci01e9fb5a8003276c&gid=ci01e9fb5a8003276c&pid=teen-vogue-2jpg) from the original on March 13, 2024 . Retrieved August 6, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Paloma, Gigi Hadid, & Precious Lee | British Vogue March 2024 - IMG Models" (https://www.imgmodels.com/news/paloma-gigi-hadid-precious-lee-british-vogue-march-2024) . www.imgmodels.com . Retrieved April 26, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Gigi Hadid | British Vogue December 2023 - IMG Models" (https://www.imgmodels.com/news/gigi-hadid-british-vogue-december-2023) . www.imgmodels.com . Retrieved April 26, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) admin (August 25, 2022). 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Archived from the original (https://ew.com/awards/2018/08/12/teen-choice-awards-winners-list/) on August 13, 2018 . Retrieved August 13, 2018 . External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gigi Hadid (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gigi_Hadid) . Official website (https://web.archive.org/web/20140220080656/http://www.gigihadid.com/) at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) (archived February 20, 2014) Gigi Hadid (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm4676882/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Gigi Hadid at Models.com (http://models.com/models/gigi-hadid) Gigi Hadid (https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/gigi_hadid/) at Fashion Model Directory (/wiki/Fashion_Model_Directory) Gigi Hadid at Instagram (https://www.instagram.com/gigihadid/) Gigi Hadid at IMG Models (https://www.imgmodels.com/gigihadid/sydney/women/portfolio) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180117015620/http://www.imgmodels.com/gigihadid/sydney/women/portfolio) January 17, 2018, at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) v t e 2010–2019 Sports Illustrated (/wiki/Sports_Illustrated) Swimsuit Issue (/wiki/Sports_Illustrated_Swimsuit_Issue) 2010 Sarah Brandner (/w/index.php?title=Sarah_Brandner&action=edit&redlink=1) * Abigail Clancy (/wiki/Abigail_Clancy) * Sonia Dara (/w/index.php?title=Sonia_Dara&action=edit&redlink=1) Brooklyn Decker (/wiki/Brooklyn_Decker) Bethany Dempsey (/w/index.php?title=Bethany_Dempsey&action=edit&redlink=1) * Cintia Dicker (/wiki/Cintia_Dicker) Zoe Duchesne (/w/index.php?title=Zoe_Duchesne&action=edit&redlink=1) Esti Ginzburg (/wiki/Esti_Ginzburg) Jessica Gomes (/wiki/Jessica_Gomes) Julie Henderson (/wiki/Julie_Henderson) Damaris Lewis (/wiki/Damaris_Lewis) Genevieve Morton (/wiki/Genevieve_Morton) Julie Ordon (/wiki/Julie_Ordon) Dominique Piek (/w/index.php?title=Dominique_Piek&action=edit&redlink=1) Bar Refaeli (/wiki/Bar_Refaeli) Hilary Rhoda (/wiki/Hilary_Rhoda) Daniella Sarahyba (/wiki/Daniella_Sarahyba) Melissa Satta (/wiki/Melissa_Satta) * Irina Shayk (/wiki/Irina_Shayk) Chrissy Teigen (/wiki/Chrissy_Teigen) Anne V (/wiki/Anne_Vyalitsyna) Jessica White (/wiki/Jessica_White) 2011 Shannan Click (/wiki/Shannan_Click) * Brooklyn Decker (/wiki/Brooklyn_Decker) Cintia Dicker (/wiki/Cintia_Dicker) Kenza Fourati (/wiki/Kenza_Fourati) * Esti Ginzburg (/wiki/Esti_Ginzburg) Jessica Gomes (/wiki/Jessica_Gomes) Izabel Goulart (/wiki/Izabel_Goulart) * Julie Henderson (/wiki/Julie_Henderson) Damaris Lewis (/wiki/Damaris_Lewis) Alyssa Miller (/wiki/Alyssa_Miller) * Genevieve Morton (/wiki/Genevieve_Morton) Hilary Rhoda (/wiki/Hilary_Rhoda) Irina Shayk (/wiki/Irina_Shayk) Chrissy Teigen (/wiki/Chrissy_Teigen) Kate Upton (/wiki/Kate_Upton) * Anne V (/wiki/Anne_Vyalitsyna) Jessica White (/wiki/Jessica_White) 2012 Nina Agdal (/wiki/Nina_Agdal) Adaora Akubilo (/wiki/Adaora_Akubilo) Cintia Dicker (/wiki/Cintia_Dicker) Jessica Gomes (/wiki/Jessica_Gomes) Izabel Goulart (/wiki/Izabel_Goulart) Kirby Griffin (/wiki/Kirby_Griffin) Julie Henderson (/wiki/Julie_Henderson) Ariel Meredith (/wiki/Ariel_Meredith) Alyssa Miller (/wiki/Alyssa_Miller) Genevieve Morton (/wiki/Genevieve_Morton) Jessica Perez (/w/index.php?title=Jessica_Perez&action=edit&redlink=1) Bar Refaeli (/wiki/Bar_Refaeli) Crystal Renn (/wiki/Crystal_Renn) Irina Shayk (/wiki/Irina_Shayk) Chrissy Teigen (/wiki/Chrissy_Teigen) Kate Upton (/wiki/Kate_Upton) Michelle Vawer (/w/index.php?title=Michelle_Vawer&action=edit&redlink=1) Anne V (/wiki/Anne_Vyalitsyna) 2013 Nina Agdal (/wiki/Nina_Agdal) * Adaora Akubilo (/wiki/Adaora_Akubilo) Natasha Barnard (/w/index.php?title=Natasha_Barnard&action=edit&redlink=1) Kate Bock (/wiki/Kate_Bock) Hannah Davis (/wiki/Hannah_Jeter) Cintia Dicker (/wiki/Cintia_Dicker) Emily DiDonato (/wiki/Emily_DiDonato) Jessica Gomes (/wiki/Jessica_Gomes) Julie Henderson (/wiki/Julie_Henderson) Ariel Meredith (/wiki/Ariel_Meredith) * Alyssa Miller (/wiki/Alyssa_Miller) * Genevieve Morton (/wiki/Genevieve_Morton) Jessica Perez (/w/index.php?title=Jessica_Perez&action=edit&redlink=1) Irina Shayk (/wiki/Irina_Shayk) Chrissy Teigen (/wiki/Chrissy_Teigen) * Kate Upton (/wiki/Kate_Upton) * Anne V (/wiki/Anne_Vyalitsyna) * 2014 Nina Agdal (/wiki/Nina_Agdal) Lily Aldridge (/wiki/Lily_Aldridge) Natasha Barnard (/w/index.php?title=Natasha_Barnard&action=edit&redlink=1) Kate Bock (/wiki/Kate_Bock) Hannah Davis (/wiki/Hannah_Jeter) Emily DiDonato (/wiki/Emily_DiDonato) Hannah Ferguson (/wiki/Hannah_Ferguson) * Jessica Gomes (/wiki/Jessica_Gomes) Gigi Hadid Bregje Heinen (/wiki/Bregje_Heinen) Samantha Hoopes (/wiki/Samantha_Hoopes) * Marloes Horst (/wiki/Marloes_Horst) Chanel Iman (/wiki/Chanel_Iman) Lauren Mellor (/wiki/Lauren_Mellor) * Ariel Meredith (/wiki/Ariel_Meredith) Genevieve Morton (/wiki/Genevieve_Morton) Emily Ratajkowski (/wiki/Emily_Ratajkowski) * Sara Sampaio (/wiki/Sara_Sampaio) Irina Shayk (/wiki/Irina_Shayk) Chrissy Teigen (/wiki/Chrissy_Teigen) * Kate Upton (/wiki/Kate_Upton) Cris Urena (/w/index.php?title=Cris_Urena&action=edit&redlink=1) * Anne V (/wiki/Anne_Vyalitsyna) Valerie van der Graaf (/wiki/Valerie_van_der_Graaf) 50th Anniversary (2014) The Legends Babette March (/wiki/Babette_March) Bar Refaeli (/wiki/Bar_Refaeli) Brooklyn Decker (/wiki/Brooklyn_Decker) Carol Alt (/wiki/Carol_Alt) Carolyn Murphy (/wiki/Carolyn_Murphy) Cheryl Tiegs (/wiki/Cheryl_Tiegs) Christie Brinkley (/wiki/Christie_Brinkley) Daniela Peštová (/wiki/Daniela_Pe%C5%A1tov%C3%A1) Elsa Benítez (/wiki/Elsa_Ben%C3%ADtez) Heidi Klum (/wiki/Heidi_Klum) Irina Shayk (/wiki/Irina_Shayk) Kate Upton (/wiki/Kate_Upton) Kathy Ireland (/wiki/Kathy_Ireland) Marisa Miller (/wiki/Marisa_Miller) Paulina Porizkova (/wiki/Paulina_Porizkova) Petra Němcová (/wiki/Petra_N%C4%9Bmcov%C3%A1) Rachel Hunter (/wiki/Rachel_Hunter) Rebecca Romijn (/wiki/Rebecca_Romijn) Tyra Banks (/wiki/Tyra_Banks) Veronika Vařeková (/wiki/Veronika_Va%C5%99ekov%C3%A1) Vendela Kirsebom (/wiki/Vendela_Kirsebom) Yamila Diaz-Rahi (/wiki/Yamila_Diaz-Rahi) 2015 Nina Agdal (/wiki/Nina_Agdal) Lily Aldridge (/wiki/Lily_Aldridge) Rose Bertram (/wiki/Rose_Bertram) * Kate Bock (/wiki/Kate_Bock) Hailey Clauson (/wiki/Hailey_Clauson) * Hannah Davis (/wiki/Hannah_Jeter) Emily DiDonato (/wiki/Emily_DiDonato) Hannah Ferguson (/wiki/Hannah_Ferguson) Jessica Gomes (/wiki/Jessica_Gomes) Gigi Hadid Erin Heatherton (/wiki/Erin_Heatherton) * Samantha Hoopes (/wiki/Samantha_Hoopes) Chanel Iman (/wiki/Chanel_Iman) Robyn Lawley (/wiki/Robyn_Lawley) Ariel Meredith (/wiki/Ariel_Meredith) Solveig Mork Hansen (/w/index.php?title=Solveig_Mork_Hansen&action=edit&redlink=1) Genevieve Morton (/wiki/Genevieve_Morton) * Emily Ratajkowski (/wiki/Emily_Ratajkowski) Kelly Rohrbach (/wiki/Kelly_Rohrbach) Sara Sampaio (/wiki/Sara_Sampaio) Irina Shayk (/wiki/Irina_Shayk) Ashley Smith (/wiki/Ashley_Smith_(model)) Chrissy Teigen (/wiki/Chrissy_Teigen) 2016 Nina Agdal (/wiki/Nina_Agdal) Lily Aldridge (/wiki/Lily_Aldridge) Rose Bertram (/wiki/Rose_Bertram) Kate Bock (/wiki/Kate_Bock) Hailey Clauson (/wiki/Hailey_Clauson) Hannah Davis (/wiki/Hannah_Jeter) Emily DiDonato (/wiki/Emily_DiDonato) Hannah Ferguson (/wiki/Hannah_Ferguson) Ashley Graham (/wiki/Ashley_Graham) Gigi Hadid Erin Heatherton (/wiki/Erin_Heatherton) Samantha Hoopes (/wiki/Samantha_Hoopes) Chanel Iman (/wiki/Chanel_Iman) Bo Krsmanovic (/w/index.php?title=Bo_Krsmanovic&action=edit&redlink=1) Robyn Lawley (/wiki/Robyn_Lawley) Tanya Mityushina (/wiki/Tanya_Mityushina) Barbara Palvin (/wiki/Barbara_Palvin) Sofia Resing (/w/index.php?title=Sofia_Resing&action=edit&redlink=1) Kelly Rohrbach (/wiki/Kelly_Rohrbach) Ronda Rousey (/wiki/Ronda_Rousey) * Irina Shayk (/wiki/Irina_Shayk) Chrissy Teigen (/wiki/Chrissy_Teigen) Lindsey Vonn (/wiki/Lindsey_Vonn) * Caroline Wozniacki (/wiki/Caroline_Wozniacki) * 2017 Nina Agdal (/wiki/Nina_Agdal) Bianca Balti (/wiki/Bianca_Balti) Rose Bertram (/wiki/Rose_Bertram) McKenna Berkley (/w/index.php?title=McKenna_Berkley&action=edit&redlink=1) * Christie Brinkley (/wiki/Christie_Brinkley) Kate Bock (/wiki/Kate_Bock) Hailey Clauson (/wiki/Hailey_Clauson) Sailor Brinkley Cook (/wiki/Sailor_Brinkley_Cook) Myla Dalbesio (/wiki/Myla_Dalbesio) Anne de Paula (/w/index.php?title=Anne_de_Paula&action=edit&redlink=1) * Hannah Ferguson (/wiki/Hannah_Ferguson) Kelly Gale (/wiki/Kelly_Gale) Ashley Graham (/wiki/Ashley_Graham) Danielle Herrington (/wiki/Danielle_Herrington) Samantha Hoopes (/wiki/Samantha_Hoopes) Lisa Marie Jaftha (/w/index.php?title=Lisa_Marie_Jaftha&action=edit&redlink=1) * Hannah Jeter (/wiki/Hannah_Jeter) Alexa Ray Joel (/wiki/Alexa_Ray_Joel) Mia Kang (/wiki/Mia_Kang) Bo Krsmanovic (/w/index.php?title=Bo_Krsmanovic&action=edit&redlink=1) Robyn Lawley (/wiki/Robyn_Lawley) Hunter McGrady (/wiki/Hunter_McGrady) * Barbara Palvin (/wiki/Barbara_Palvin) Lais Ribeiro (/wiki/Lais_Ribeiro) Vita Sidorkina (/wiki/Vita_Sidorkina) Chrissy Teigen (/wiki/Chrissy_Teigen) Kate Upton (/wiki/Kate_Upton) 2018 Allie Ayers (/w/index.php?title=Allie_Ayers&action=edit&redlink=1) Bianca Balti (/wiki/Bianca_Balti) Kate Bock (/wiki/Kate_Bock) Genie Bouchard (/wiki/Genie_Bouchard) Sailor Brinkley Cook (/wiki/Sailor_Brinkley_Cook) Chase Carter 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Herrington (/wiki/Danielle_Herrington) Robin Holzken (/w/index.php?title=Robin_Holzken&action=edit&redlink=1) Samantha Hoopes (/wiki/Samantha_Hoopes) Haley Kalil (/wiki/Haley_Kalil) Camille Kostek (/wiki/Camille_Kostek) Tara Lynn (/wiki/Tara_Lynn) Hunter McGrady (/wiki/Hunter_McGrady) Kelsey Merritt (/wiki/Kelsey_Merritt) Raine Michaels (/w/index.php?title=Raine_Michaels&action=edit&redlink=1) Alex Morgan (/wiki/Alex_Morgan) Brooks Nader (/wiki/Brooks_Nader) Barbara Palvin (/wiki/Barbara_Palvin) Veronica Pome'e (/w/index.php?title=Veronica_Pome%27e&action=edit&redlink=1) Paulina Porizkova (/wiki/Paulina_Porizkova) Megan Rapinoe (/wiki/Megan_Rapinoe) Lais Ribeiro (/wiki/Lais_Ribeiro) Jasmine Sanders (/wiki/Jasmine_Sanders) Paige VanZant (/wiki/Paige_VanZant) Lindsey Vonn (/wiki/Lindsey_Vonn) Erin Willerton (/w/index.php?title=Erin_Willerton&action=edit&redlink=1) bold indicates cover model; * appeared in bodypainting (/wiki/Bodypainting) by Joanne Gair (/wiki/Joanne_Gair) Authority 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This template does not require a rating on Wikipedia's content assessment (/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_assessment) scale. It is of interest to the following WikiProjects (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject) : Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) This template is within the scope of WikiProject Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Fashion) and see a list of open tasks. Fashion Wikipedia:WikiProject Fashion Template:WikiProject Fashion fashion articles __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{&quot;headingLevel&quot;:2,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;h-Heroeswithmetaphors-2013-02-08T18:34:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;heading&quot;,&quot;level&quot;:0,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;h-Needed_articles-2013-02-08T18:34:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;replies&quot;:[&quot;c-Heroeswithmetaphors-2013-02-08T18:34:00.000Z-Needed_articles&quot;],&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Needed articles&quot;,&quot;linkableTitle&quot;:&quot;Needed articles&quot;} Needed articles [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Heroeswithmetaphors-2013-02-08T18:34:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Needed_articles-2013-02-08T18:34:00.000Z","replies":["c-Heroeswithmetaphors-2013-02-08T18:34:00.000Z-Needed_articles"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Heroeswithmetaphors-2013-02-08T18:34:00.000Z-Needed_articles","timestamp":"2013-02-08T18:34:00.000Z"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__1__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__1__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{&quot;headingLevel&quot;:2,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;h-Heroeswithmetaphors-2013-02-08T18:34:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;heading&quot;,&quot;level&quot;:0,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;h-Needed_articles-2013-02-08T18:34:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;replies&quot;:[&quot;c-Heroeswithmetaphors-2013-02-08T18:34:00.000Z-Needed_articles&quot;],&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Needed articles&quot;,&quot;linkableTitle&quot;:&quot;Needed articles&quot;} Onassis knot (/w/index.php?title=Onassis_knot&action=edit&redlink=1) Atlantic knot (/w/index.php?title=Atlantic_knot&action=edit&redlink=1) ] Italian knot (/w/index.php?title=Italian_knot&action=edit&redlink=1) ] Diagonal-right knot (/w/index.php?title=Diagonal-right_knot&action=edit&redlink=1) Kelvin knot (/w/index.php?title=Kelvin_knot&action=edit&redlink=1) Victoria knot (/w/index.php?title=Victoria_knot&action=edit&redlink=1) St Andrew knot (/w/index.php?title=St_Andrew_knot&action=edit&redlink=1) Plattsburgh knot (/w/index.php?title=Plattsburgh_knot&action=edit&redlink=1) Cavendish knot (/wiki/Cavendish_knot) Grantchester knot (/wiki/Grantchester_knot) Hanover knot (/w/index.php?title=Hanover_knot&action=edit&redlink=1) Balthus knot (/w/index.php?title=Balthus_knot&action=edit&redlink=1) (Heroeswithmetaphors) talk 18:34, 8 February 2013 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Necktie_knots#c-Heroeswithmetaphors-2013-02-08T18:34:00.000Z-Needed_articles) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2013-02-08T18:34:00.000Z","author":"Heroeswithmetaphors","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Heroeswithmetaphors-2013-02-08T18:34:00.000Z-Needed_articles","replies":[],"displayName":"(Heroeswithmetaphors)"}} NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐6rhhf Cached time: 20240713134427 Cache expiry: 864000 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] DiscussionTools time usage: 0.010 seconds CPU time usage: 0.130 seconds Real time usage: 0.180 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 137/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 8560/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 7/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 7430/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.092/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1604264/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 143.782 1 Template:WikiProject_banner_shell 100.00% 143.782 1 -total 55.40% 79.661 1 Template:WikiProject_Fashion 1.59% 2.288 1 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:38463996-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713134427 and revision id 1234085133. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Necktie_knots&oldid=1234085133 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Necktie_knots&oldid=1234085133) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Template-Class fashion articles (/wiki/Category:Template-Class_fashion_articles) NA-importance fashion articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_fashion_articles)
Turkish fashion brand Vakko Vakko department store in December 2022 Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion_industry) Founded 1934 ; 90 years ago ( 1934 ) Founder Vitali Hakko (/wiki/Vitali_Hakko) Headquarters Istanbul (/wiki/Istanbul) , Turkey (/wiki/Turkey) Key people Cem Hakko (/wiki/Cem_Hakko) (President) Jaklin Guner (/w/index.php?title=Jaklin_Guner&action=edit&redlink=1) (CEO) Products Luxury goods (/wiki/Luxury_goods) Website vakko.com (http://www.vakko.com) Vakko Hilltown İzmir mall in Yalı, Karşıyaka (/wiki/Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1yaka) , İzmir (/wiki/%C4%B0zmir) Vakko Nişantaşı in Harbiye, Şişli (/wiki/%C5%9Ei%C5%9Fli) , Istanbul Central Business District (/wiki/Istanbul_Central_Business_District) Vakko is a Turkish luxury (/wiki/Luxury_goods) fashion company [1] (#cite_note-1) founded by Vitali Hakko (/wiki/Vitali_Hakko) (d. 2007) survived by his son Cem Hakko (/wiki/Cem_Hakko) . [2] (#cite_note-2) It produces and retails textiles, leather goods, and accessories. [3] (#cite_note-reuters-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) Vakko also operates luxury department stores under the Vakko name at Zorlu Center (/wiki/Zorlu_Center) , İstinye Park (/wiki/%C4%B0stinye_Park) , Akmerkez (/wiki/Akmerkez) , Vadi Istanbul (/wiki/Vadi_Istanbul) , and Akasya (/wiki/Akasya) malls and on Bağdat Caddesi (/wiki/Ba%C4%9Fdat_Avenue) in Suadiye (/wiki/Kad%C4%B1k%C3%B6y) (Asian side); in Ankara at Atakule and Armada malls, and in Izmir at Hilltown and Istinye Park Izmir malls. It also operates boutiques under the Vakkorama, Vakko Couture, Vakko Wedding, Vakko L'Atelier, and Vakko Home names, as well as Vakko Outlet locations. [7] (#cite_note-7) In 1962, Vakko's eight-story flagship store on İstiklal Avenue (/wiki/%C4%B0stiklal_Avenue) in Beyoğlu (/wiki/Beyo%C4%9Flu) was the first modern department store in Turkey. [8] (#cite_note-8) It operated until 2006, when it became a branch of Mango (/wiki/Mango_(retailer)) . [9] (#cite_note-9) History [ edit ] Vakko was founded in 1934 by Vitali Hakko (/wiki/Vitali_Hakko) under the brand name Şen Şapka ( Turkish (/wiki/Turkish_language) : The Happy Hat ) as a small hat (/wiki/Hat) seller in Sultanhamam. [10] (#cite_note-vakko.com-10) [11] (#cite_note-hurriyet-11) [12] (#cite_note-hizmetix.com-12) In 1937, with his older brother Albert Hakko becoming a partner, Vitali Hakko changed the name of the company to Vakko and established Turkey (/wiki/Turkey) 's first silk (/wiki/Silk) dyeing workshop in Kurtuluş (/wiki/Kurtulu%C5%9F) , Şişli (/wiki/%C5%9Ei%C5%9Fli) . [12] (#cite_note-hizmetix.com-12) [13] (#cite_note-vakkoesmod.com-13) After Şen Şapka transformed into Vakko, it started to produce scarves (/wiki/Scarves) with Turkish silk, cotton (/wiki/Cotton) and wool (/wiki/Wool) . Over time, Vakko turned to ready-to-wear to produce more than hats, scarves, and printed fabrics (/w/index.php?title=Printed_fabrics&action=edit&redlink=1) . Here, customers were introduced for the first time to modern store practices such as bargain-free and promotional sales, and replacement of sold goods. [12] (#cite_note-hizmetix.com-12) In 1962, Hakko opened a large 8-storey store, including a cafe and fashion gallery, in Beyoğlu (/wiki/Beyo%C4%9Flu) (a.k.a. Pera), at the time, the most important modern shopping districts in Istanbul (/wiki/Istanbul) . [10] (#cite_note-vakko.com-10) [11] (#cite_note-hurriyet-11) In 1969, the first Vakko Factory was built in Merter measuring 40,000 m 2 and employment was provided. [10] (#cite_note-vakko.com-10) [13] (#cite_note-vakkoesmod.com-13) In 1973, the second Vakko store opened in Ankara (/wiki/Ankara) , and Vakko began to further expand its retail network with the Vakko Boutique sales points it opened one after the other. [10] (#cite_note-vakko.com-10) Six years later, in 1979, the third Vakko store opened in Izmir (/wiki/Izmir) . [13] (#cite_note-vakkoesmod.com-13) There was an increase in the popularity of the Vakko brand with advertising campaigns and fashion shows carried out throughout Turkey. [12] (#cite_note-hizmetix.com-12) In September 1979 Vakko opened up its first shop outside Turkey, in Old Bond Street (/wiki/Old_Bond_Street) , London (/wiki/London) , selling merchandise 90% Vakko-produced, including items by Sevim Cavdar (/w/index.php?title=Sevim_Cavdar&action=edit&redlink=1) , and launched by a rooftop fashion show at the Régine (/wiki/R%C3%A9gine_Zylberberg) Club. [14] (#cite_note-14) In 1981, on the 100th birthday of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (/wiki/Mustafa_Kemal_Atat%C3%BCrk) , a fashion and art show called "Anatolian Sun" was organized, bringing together Anatolian cultures and Western fashion concepts. [10] (#cite_note-vakko.com-10) The show, which was also exhibited in Rome (/wiki/Rome) , Vienna (/wiki/Vienna) , Brussels (/wiki/Brussels) , Paris (/wiki/Paris) , and London (/wiki/London) on outside Turkey, introduced Vakko in Europe (/wiki/Europe) as the representative of contemporary Turkish fashion. [13] (#cite_note-vakkoesmod.com-13) "The Face of Vakko", Gisele Bündchen In 1982, Vakkorama , one of Turkey (/wiki/Turkey) 's first youth stores, opened in Taksim (/wiki/Taksim_Square) , Istanbul. [15] (#cite_note-vakkorama.com-15) In order to bring New York (/wiki/New_York_City) fashion to Istanbul, Vakkorama introduced a new team called V2K Designers ('V2K Designers') in 2000 with the slogan "Two cities, one brand". Over time, V2K Designers has acquired designers and brands from other fashion cities such as Paris (/wiki/Paris) , London (/wiki/London) and Milan (/wiki/Milan) , as well as New York. Today, it is Turkey's first concept store where different world brands meet under the same roof. Creations of other designers and brands such as Rick Owens (/wiki/Rick_Owens) , Gareth Pugh (/wiki/Gareth_Pugh) , Alexander Wang (/wiki/Alexander_Wang_(designer)) , Hussein Chalayan (/wiki/Hussein_Chalayan) , Preen, Erdem, Elizabeth & James, Band of Outsider (/wiki/Band_of_Outsiders_(clothing_brand)) , Rag & Bone (/wiki/Rag_%26_Bone) are available at V2K Designers. [15] (#cite_note-vakkorama.com-15) In 2006, Vakko opened in the then-new Kanyon Shopping Mall (/wiki/Kanyon_Shopping_Mall) in Levent (/wiki/Levent) , in Istanbul's modern Central Business District (/wiki/Istanbul_Central_Business_District) (the store has since closed and opened in the newer, larger Zorlu Center (/wiki/Zorlu_Center) nearby). At the same time, the famous fashion designer Zac Posen (/wiki/Zac_Posen) 's specially interpreted creations for Vakko were introduced under the label " Zac Posen @Vakko ". In the same year, world-famous top model Gisele Bündchen (/wiki/Gisele_B%C3%BCndchen) became the face of Vakko's campaign. Since 2008, Vakko has been continuing its operations in its new factory, which is headquartered in Merter and spread over an area 2 times the size of its old factory, with screen printing and ready-made clothing production units, logistics facilities, social use areas, and work offices. [16] (#cite_note-16) In 2009, Vakko Home, launched, offering a selection of home furnishings and accessories, domestics (bed linens and towels), etc. [17] (#cite_note-vhome-17) In 2010, Vakko Fashion Center, designed by New York-based REX (/wiki/REX_(architecture_firm)) and shared with media company Power Media (/wiki/Power_Media) , was opened in Nakkaştepe (/w/index.php?title=Nakka%C5%9Ftepe&action=edit&redlink=1) , Üsküdar (/wiki/%C3%9Csk%C3%BCdar) (Asia), consisting of all management units and creative staff offices, as well as showrooms, the Vitali Hakko Creative Industries Library , auditorium, gallery and museum. In the same year, Vakko Wedding House Akaretler, which brings together evening dresses (/wiki/Dresses) , tuxedos (/wiki/Tuxedos) , accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) , underwear (/wiki/Underwear) and hats (/wiki/Hats) suitable for all kinds of ceremonies for the bride and groom's families, is opened in a single store. The first culture and arts festival, Istancool, which brought together many famous artists from different disciplines, was held in 2010. Many important names from the fashion and art world were hosted as guests, including the famous style icon Daphne Guinness (/wiki/Daphne_Guinness) , hat designer Philip Treacy (/wiki/Philip_Treacy) , and pianist Michael Nyman (/wiki/Michael_Nyman) . In 2011, Vakko Fashion Center was chosen as the "Best Workspace of the Year" by Wallpaper (/wiki/Wallpaper_(magazine)) magazine and the international architecture platform ArchDaily. [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) Also in 2011, milliner (hat designer) Stephen Jones (/wiki/Stephen_Jones_(milliner)) ' The Accent of Fashion Exhibition was held at Vakko Fashion Center. [21] (#cite_note-21) [22] (#cite_note-22) In the 2010s, Vakko continued to branch out in diverse related businesses: [17] (#cite_note-vhome-17) In 2011, the Vitali Hakko Creative Industries Library opened focusing on fashion (/wiki/Fashion) , architecture (/wiki/Architecture) , painting (/wiki/Painting) , design (/wiki/Design) , cinema (/wiki/Film_industry) and music (/wiki/Music) -related publications In 2013, the Vakko Esmod Fashion School launched in collaboration with the École supérieure des arts et techniques de la mode ( ESMOD (/wiki/ESMOD) ) of Paris, established in 1841 In 2016, Vakko opened the first Vakko Patisserie branch, and introduces a new brand for all of its diverse food and beverage services, Vakko L'Atelier Istancool2012 hosted important names from the fashion and art world, such as French Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) editor Carine Roitfeld (/wiki/Carine_Roitfeld) , famous photographer Mario Sorrenti (/wiki/Mario_Sorrenti) and artist Pınar Yolaçan (/wiki/P%C4%B1nar_Yola%C3%A7an) . [23] (#cite_note-23) Also in 2012, Hartford and Riviera Maison brands were incorporated into Vakko Holding. [24] (#cite_note-24) Retail store formats [ edit ] As of 31 December 2023 there were 181 points of sale: 29 in the department store division, 44 Vakko Boutique, 27 Vakkorama, 51 W Collection, 15 Vakko Outlet, 10 Vakko Wedding and 5 Vakko Home stores. [25] (#cite_note-25) As of June 2024, Vakko lists the following retail divisions and formats: [26] (#cite_note-vakko-stores-26) Division/ format Geographical presence Remarks Istanbul Other Vakko department store division Full-line Vakko department stores Akasya (/wiki/Akasya) mall, Acıbadem, Üsküdar (/wiki/%C3%9Csk%C3%BCdar) (2014–) Akmerkez (/wiki/Akmerkez) mall, Nispetiye, Beşiktaş (/wiki/Be%C5%9Fikta%C5%9F) (1993–) Aqua Florya mall, Yeşilköy, Bakırköy (/wiki/Bak%C4%B1rk%C3%B6y) Emaar Square mall, Ünalan, Üsküdar (/wiki/%C3%9Csk%C3%BCdar) İstinye Park (/wiki/%C4%B0stinye_Park) mall, Maslak (/wiki/Maslak) , Sarıyer (/wiki/Sar%C4%B1yer) Nişantaşı (/wiki/Ni%C5%9Fanta%C5%9F%C4%B1) store: Abdi İpekçi St., Harbiye, Şişli (/wiki/%C5%9Ei%C5%9Fli) Suadiye: Bağdat Ave. (/wiki/Ba%C4%9Fdat_Avenue) , Kadıköy (/wiki/Kad%C4%B1k%C3%B6y) (1997–) Vadistanbul (/wiki/Vadistanbul) mall, Ayazağa, Sarıyer (/wiki/Sar%C4%B1yer) Zorlu Center (/wiki/Zorlu_Center) , Levazım, Beşiktaş (/wiki/Be%C5%9Fikta%C5%9F) (2013–) Former: İstiklal Avenue (/wiki/%C4%B0stiklal_Avenue) (1962–2006), 5,000 m 2 (54,000 sq ft), 5 stories, became a Mango (/wiki/Mango_(retailer)) ) [27] (#cite_note-27) Kanyon (/wiki/Kanyon_Shopping_Mall) mall, Esentepe (/w/index.php?title=Esentepe,_%C5%9Ei%C5%9Fli&action=edit&redlink=1) , Şişli (/wiki/%C5%9Ei%C5%9Fli) : Vakko dept. store and V2K (2006–2020) [28] (#cite_note-v365-28) Ankara (/wiki/Ankara) : Atakule mall, Çankaya (/wiki/%C3%87ankaya,_Ankara_(neighbourhood)) , Çankaya (/wiki/%C3%87ankaya_District) Armada mall, Beştepe, Yenimahalle (/wiki/Yenimahalle) Former: Kızılay, Çankaya (1973–2002) [29] (#cite_note-history-29) [30] (#cite_note-30) İzmir (/wiki/%C4%B0zmir) Hilltown İzmir mall, Yalı, Karşıyaka (/wiki/Kar%C5%9F%C4%B1yaka) İstinye Park İzmir mall, Bahçelerarası, Balçova (/wiki/Bal%C3%A7ova) Former: Alsancak, Konak (1979–?) [31] (#cite_note-31) Elsewhere Adana, 01 Burda mall Antalya (2): Vakko and Vakko Cadde both in Şirinyali, Muratpaşa Bodrum, Mandarin Oriental Hotel Bursa [29] (#cite_note-history-29) [26] (#cite_note-vakko-stores-26) Vakko Christofle İstinye Park (/wiki/%C4%B0stinye_Park) Ankara, Atakule mall Vakko Couture İstinye Park (/wiki/%C4%B0stinye_Park) Zorlu Center (/wiki/Zorlu_Center) Vakko Fabiana Filippi Zorlu Center (/wiki/Zorlu_Center) Vakko Kuzu Effect Ankara, Züfrü Tigrel St., Oran, Çankaya Vakko Mare Bodrum İzmir ("Swiss", Celal Bayar, Çeşme (/wiki/%C3%87e%C5%9Fme) ) Swim- and beachwear Vakko Mare & Fabiana Kanyon (/wiki/Kanyon_Shopping_Mall) mall, Esentepe (/w/index.php?title=Esentepe,_%C5%9Ei%C5%9Fli&action=edit&redlink=1) , Şişli (/wiki/%C5%9Ei%C5%9Fli) Other divisions Vakko Boutique / Vakko Kiosk Istanbul (20): Akbatı Buyaka Canpark Capacity Capitol Carousel Cevahir (/wiki/Istanbul_Cevahir) Forum Hilltown Historia İSTMarina Mall of Istanbul (/wiki/Mall_of_Istanbul) Metropol Meydan ÖzdilekPark (/wiki/%C3%96zdilekPark) Palladium Piazza Maltepe Ritz-Carlton hotel Marriott hotel Istanbul Airport (/wiki/Istanbul_Airport) Boutique (27): Ankara (3): Anakmall, Cepa AVM, Metromall, Taurus AVM Antalya (/wiki/Antalya) (2): Terracity AVM, Cullinan Bursa (/wiki/Bursa) : Zafer Plaza Denizli (/wiki/Denizli) : Denizli Forum Çamlık AVM Diyarbakır (/wiki/Diyarbak%C4%B1r) : Forum Diyarbakır AVM Erzurum (/wiki/Erzurum) : MNG AVM Eskişehir (/wiki/Eski%C5%9Fehir) : Espark AVM Gaziantep (/wiki/Gaziantep) : Gaziantep Primemall AVM İskenderun (/wiki/%C4%B0skenderun) , Hatay (/wiki/Hatay) : Park Forbes AVM İzmir (3): Agora AVM, Forum Bornova AVM, İzmir Optimum AVM Kahramanmaraş (/wiki/Kahramanmara%C5%9F) : Piazza AVM Kayseri (/wiki/Kayseri) (2): Forum Kayseri, Kayseri Park Konya (/wiki/Konya) (3): Karaciğan Karatay (Ankara Cd.), Kentplaza AVM, Konya Enteppe Mersin (/wiki/Mersin) Marina Sakarya Province (/wiki/Sakarya_Province) (2): Ada AVM, Serdivan AVM Samsun (/wiki/Samsun) : Piazza AVM Şanlıurfa (/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa) : Piazza AVM Trabzon (/wiki/Trabzon) : Forum AVM Kiosk (4): Adana (/wiki/Adana) : M1 Adana Ankara (2): Antares, Bilkent Center Bodrum: Midtown Bodrum AVM Former: Frankfurt am Main (/wiki/Frankfurt_am_Main) (2003–?) Hamburg (/wiki/Hamburg) (2003–?) Format launched 1993 [29] (#cite_note-history-29) Vakko Home İstinye Park (/wiki/%C4%B0stinye_Park) Kanyon (/wiki/Kanyon) Zorlu Center (/wiki/Zorlu_Center) Bodrum Bursa İzmir ( Çeşme (/wiki/%C3%87e%C5%9Fme) Marina) Format launched in 2009 [29] (#cite_note-history-29) Vakko Wedding Emaar Square İstinye Park (/wiki/%C4%B0stinye_Park) Nişantaşı (/wiki/Ni%C5%9Fanta%C5%9F%C4%B1) Bağdat Avenue (/wiki/Ba%C4%9Fdat_Avenue) in Suadiye Zorlu Center (/wiki/Zorlu_Center) Adana Ankara Antalya Bursa İzmir Vakko Outlet 8 locations Ankara (2) Antalya Gaziantep (/wiki/Gaziantep) İzmir (/wiki/%C4%B0zmir) İzmit (/wiki/%C4%B0zmit) Vakkorama 9 locations İzmir (4) Bodrum area (3) Ankara (3) Bursa (2) Adana Antalya 23 locations. Launched in 1982, [29] (#cite_note-history-29) youth lifestyle stores with fashion, gifts, electronics, music, and art. [32] (#cite_note-vakkorama-about-32) [33] (#cite_note-vakkorama-stores-33) V2K Designers In Vakkorama stores, plus dedicated boutiques at Akmerkez (/wiki/Akmerkez) and in Nişantaşı (/wiki/Ni%C5%9Fanta%C5%9F%C4%B1) , [33] (#cite_note-vakkorama-stores-33) formerly also at Kanyon mall. Since 2000 a designer-focused section within Vakkorama and since 2015 also in Vakko full-line department stores. Its original name was Vakkorama V2K . [29] (#cite_note-history-29) Vakko L'Atelier Vakko Patisserie bakery, ice cream, chocolates (counter for takeaway and sales of packaged items) Vakko Bistrot full-service bistro [34] (#cite_note-34) Defunct formats as of June 2024: Vakko 365 Single location at Kanyon (/wiki/Kanyon) mall, converted in 2020 from a Vakko dept. store. Offered current as well as previous-season fashion. [28] (#cite_note-v365-28) Bağdat Avenue (/wiki/Ba%C4%9Fdat_Avenue) (Suadiye) store [ edit ] Since 1996, the Vakko department store's Suadiye branch has been located in a historic yalı (/wiki/Yal%C4%B1) (typical wooden villa/summer house) along the upscale Bağdat Caddesi (/wiki/Ba%C4%9Fdat_Caddesi) on the Asian side of Istanbul. In the survey by Kadıköy Platformu asking which store consumers liked the most for its appearance and displays, 76% answered the Vakko Suadiye mansion. Vakko's December seasonal decorations are especially popular, with multiple decorated trees ( Christmas tree (/wiki/Christmas_tree) / New Year tree (/wiki/New_Year_tree) -style) and a merry-go-round (/wiki/Merry-go-round) in front of the store, and more trees, wreaths and candles within. In 2012 the store created artificial snow which fell in front of the store. [35] (#cite_note-35) [36] (#cite_note-36) [37] (#cite_note-37) For New Year's 2018, newspaper Hürriyet (/wiki/H%C3%BCrriyet) awarded Vakko Suadiye the status of "best decorated stores in the city". [38] (#cite_note-38) Non-retail businesses [ edit ] Vakko Hotel and Residence , Istanbul [39] (#cite_note-39) Vakko Esmod , fashion institute (educational institution) [40] (#cite_note-40) VET Vakko School of Hospitality and Service , in partnership with the École hôtelière de Lausanne (/wiki/%C3%89cole_h%C3%B4teli%C3%A8re_de_Lausanne) ( Lausanne (/wiki/Lausanne) Hotel School, Switzerland) opened 2024 [41] (#cite_note-41) Vitali Hakko Creative Industries Library [42] (#cite_note-42) Power Media (PowerFM launched 1992, [29] (#cite_note-history-29) see below) Power Media [ edit ] Power Media a.k.a. Power Grup , with about 15% of the radio market in Türkiye in 2014 [43] (#cite_note-43) whose operations include: [44] (#cite_note-44) Radio stations ( tr (https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_XL) ) , Power FM, ( tr (https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_FM) ) Power TürkFM ( tr (https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_T%C3%BCrkFMV) ) Radyo Fenomen, Power Love FM [45] (#cite_note-linkedin-45) Power TV ( tr (https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_TV) ) Power Garage TV, [45] (#cite_note-linkedin-45) PowerTürk TV, Power Dance TV, Power Love TV, PowerTürk Akustik TV, PowerTürk Slow TV, and PowerTürk Taptaze TV [46] (#cite_note-46) music video channels [47] (#cite_note-47) The Power Group was launched in 1992 with Power FM, a national radio station, followed by Power XL and PowerTürk radio, PowerTürk television in 2003, Radyo Fenomen in 2008, Power Garage TV in 2012 and Power Love FM in 2012. 160 employees work at the Power Media Center (joint HQ building with Vakko) that includes radio and TV studios. [45] (#cite_note-linkedin-45) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Vakko Headquarters and Power Media Center / REX" (http://www.archdaily.com/12556/vakko-headquarters-and-power-media-center-rex/) . Arch Daily. 10 February 2009 . Retrieved 25 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Türkiye moda devini uğurladı" (https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/turkiye-moda-devini-ugurladi-7855885) . Hurriyet (in Turkish). 12 December 2007 . Retrieved 14 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-reuters_3-0) "Vakko Tekstil ve Hazir Giyim Sanayi Isletmeleri AS (VAKKO.IS)" (https://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/companyProfile?symbol=VAKKO.IS) . Reuters . Retrieved 25 April 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Karen M. Morin, Jeanne Kay Guelke – 2007 – Aperçu – Autres éditions ^ (#cite_ref-5) Turkey – Page 192 Rosie Ayliffe, Marc S. Dubin, Terry Richardson – 2003 ^ (#cite_ref-6) Istanbul City Guide ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Stores", Vakko official website (https://www.vakko.com/en/stores/) ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Heritage", Vakko website (https://www.vakko.com/en/heritage/) ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Vakko Beyoğlu'ndan gidiyor yerine en büyük Mango geliyor" ("Vakko leaves Beyoğlu and is replaced by the biggest Mango"), (https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/ekonomi/vakko-beyoglu-ndan-gidiyor-yerine-en-buyuk-mango-geliyor-4665872) Hürriyet , 29 June 2006 (https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/ekonomi/vakko-beyoglu-ndan-gidiyor-yerine-en-buyuk-mango-geliyor-4665872) ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "History" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170128142023/https://www.vakko.com/history) . vakko.com (in English and Turkish). Istanbul (/wiki/Istanbul) . Archived from the original (https://www.vakko.com/history) on 28 January 2017 . Retrieved 10 October 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Adını modayla özdeşleştiren marka" (https://web.archive.org/web/20200201140925/http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/adini-modayla-ozdeslestiren-marka-24704465) [The brand that identifies its name with fashion]. Hürriyet (/wiki/H%C3%BCrriyet) (in Turkish). 17 July 2013. Archived from the original (https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/adini-modayla-ozdeslestiren-marka-24704465) on 1 February 2020 . Retrieved 10 May 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Vakko, 80 yıldır yerli ve millî bir marka" (https://web.archive.org/web/20211010194431/https://hizmetix.com.tr/ekonomi-basari-oykuleri/vakko-80-yildir-yerli-ve-milli-bir-marka/2828) [Vakko has been a local and national brand for 80 years]. hizmetix.com (in Turkish). 21 January 2019. Archived from the original (https://hizmetix.com.tr/ekonomi-basari-oykuleri/vakko-80-yildir-yerli-ve-milli-bir-marka/2828) on 10 October 2021 . Retrieved 10 October 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Vakko'nun Tarihi" (https://web.archive.org/web/20200919224330/https://www.vakkoesmod.com/istanbul/vakko/tarihce/) [History of Vakko]. vakkoesmod.com (in Turkish). Istanbul (/wiki/Istanbul) . Archived from the original (https://www.vakkoesmod.com/istanbul/vakko/tarihce/) on 19 September 2020 . Retrieved 10 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Ranson, Geraldine (25 March 1979). "Turkish delight" (http://newspapers.com/article/sunday-telegraph-turkish-delight/147413710/) . Sunday Telegraph . p. 11 . Retrieved 15 May 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Vakkorama'nın Tarihçesi" (https://web.archive.org/web/20071103130136/https://www.vakkorama.com.tr/hakkimizda) . vakkorama.com (in Turkish). Archived from the original (https://www.vakkorama.com.tr/hakkimizda) on 3 November 2007 . Retrieved 10 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Menkes, Suzy (4 December 2006). "A futuristic mall is new Turkish playground" (https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/04/style/04iht-design12_28.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved 14 May 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Vakko Hotel & Residence: Heritage" (https://www.vakkohotel.com/?field=en#history-vakko) . Vakko Hotel . Retrieved 14 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "The Vakko Fashion Center" (https://rex-ny.com/project/vakko-fashion-center/) . REX . Retrieved 14 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Vakko Fashion Center & Power Media Centre by REX" (https://www.dezeen.com/2010/04/23/vakko-fashion-center-power-media-centre-by-rex-architecture/) . Dezeen . 23 April 2010 . Retrieved 14 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Vakko Fashion and Power Media Center | 2010-11-15 | Architectural Record" (https://www.architecturalrecord.com/articles/7854-vakko-fashion-and-power-media-center) . Architectural Record . Retrieved 14 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Menkes, Suzy (11 April 2011). "Stephen Jones Pulls in the Crowds, Hats in Hand" (https://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/12/fashion/12iht-fjones12.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved 14 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Stephen Jones: The Accent of Fashion" (https://istanbul74.com/portfolio-item/stephen-jones/) . Istanbul '74 . Retrieved 14 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Turkish Delight" (https://www.wmagazine.com/story/demet-muftuoglu-istanbul-art-and-design-center) . W Magazine . 1 September 2012 . Retrieved 14 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Vakko Tekstil – VAKKO Hisse Senedi | anapara.com" (https://anapara.com/vakko-tekstil-vakko-hisse-senedi/) . Anapara (in Turkish). 22 December 2016 . Retrieved 14 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) "31.12.2023 Aralık Faaliyet Raporu" (https://www.vakko.com/en/investor-relations/finansal-raporlar) [Quarterly Activity Report December 31, 2023]. Vakko Investor Relations (in Turkish). 31 December 2023. p. 8 . Retrieved 14 June 2024 . 31 Aralık 2023 itibarıyla 29 Vakko, 44 Vakko Boutique, 27 Vakkorama, 51 W Collection, 15 Vakko Outlet mağazasının yanı sıra, 15 konsept mağaza ve mono marka butikler (Vakko Wedding, Vakko Home) olmak üzere, toplam 181 noktada Vakko Dostları ile buluşuyoruz. ^ Jump up to: a b "Mağazarlar" (https://www.vakko.com/address/stores/) [Stores]. Vakko (in Turkish) . Retrieved 14 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) Cengiz Bilgin, Demet (29 June 2006). "Vakko Beyoğlu'ndan gidiyor yerine en büyük Mango geliyor" (https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/ekonomi/vakko-beyoglu-ndan-gidiyor-yerine-en-buyuk-mango-geliyor-4665872) [Vakko goes from Beyoğlu and comes the biggest Mango instead]. www.hurriyet.com.tr (in Turkish) . Retrieved 13 June 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Vakko'nun Yeni̇ Mağazacilik Konsepti̇ Vakko 365" (http://mallandmotto.com/2020/08/27/vakkonun-yeni-magazacilik-konsepti-vakko-365/) [Vakko's New Store Concept, Vakko 365] (in Turkish). 27 August 2020 . Retrieved 13 June 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "Tarihçe" (https://www.vakkoesmod.com/istanbul/vakko/tarihce/) . Vakko (in Turkish) . Retrieved 13 June 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) Şumnu, Umut; Uluyurt, Begüm. "Ankara'nın Kentsel Yaşamına İz Bırakmış Bir Mekân: Vakko Kızılay Mağazası" (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334253417_A_Place_that_Left_its_Mark_on_Ankara%27s_Urban_Life_The_Kizilay_Store_of_Vakko/fulltext/5d1f45aca6fdcc2462c245b9/A-Place-that-Left-its-Mark-on-Ankaras-Urban-Life-The-Kizilay-Store-of-Vakko.pdf) [A Place that Left its Mark on Ankara's Urban Life: The Kızılay Store of Vakko] (PDF) . Ankara Araştırmaları Dergisi / Journal of Ankara Studies (in Turkish). p. 195 . Retrieved 14 June 2024 . Vakko mağazalarına özellikle de Vakko'nun Ankara'daki mağazasına odakla- nılmaya çalışılmış ve 2002 yılında kapanan ve Ankara'nın kentsel yaşamında önemli bir yeri olan bu mağaza belge- lenmeye çalışılmıştır. ("the study tried to focus on Vakko stores, especially Vakko's store in Ankara, and tried to document this store, which was closed in 2002 and had an important place in the urban life of Ankara.") ^ (#cite_ref-31) Daners, Peter; Ohl, Volker; Latzke, Hans E.; Dorn, Wolfgang (24 May 2016). DuMont Reise-Handbuch Reiseführer Türkei, Westtürkei, Zentralanatolien (in German). Mair Dumont DE. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-3-7701-7928-2 . Retrieved 15 June 2024 . Vakko...Plevne Bulv. 17, Alsancak...Das beste Kaufhaus der Westküste ("the best department store on the west coast") ^ (#cite_ref-vakkorama-about_32-0) "Hakkımıda" (https://www.vakkorama.com.tr/hakkimizda) [About Us]. Vakkorama . Retrieved 8 May 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Mağazalar" (https://www.vakkorama.com.tr/magazalar) [Stores]. Vakkorama (in Turkish) . Retrieved 13 June 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "Home" (https://www.vakkolatelier.com) . Vakko L'Atelier . Retrieved 8 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) Cankurt, Bülent. "Kar'lı alışveriş yine başlıyormuş" (https://www.sabah.com.tr/yazarlar/gunaydin/cankurt/2012/12/04/karli-alisveris-yine-basliyormus) [Shopping with "snow" begins again]. Sabah (in Turkish) . Retrieved 13 June 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-36) "Yeni yılın ışıltısı sokakları sardı" (https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/kelebek/hurriyet-cumartesi/yeni-yilin-isiltisi-sokaklari-sardi-41968084) [The sparkle of the new year engulfed the streets]. www.hurriyet.com.tr (in Turkish). 25 December 2021 . Retrieved 13 June 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-37) "Suadiye Vakko Köşkü yine birinci" (https://www.kadikoylife.com/suadiye-vakko-kosku-yine-birinci/) [Suadiye Vakko Mansion comes in first, again]. Kadıköy Life (in Turkish). 2 January 2017 . Retrieved 13 June 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-38) "2018'e ışıl ışıl merhaba" (https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/kelebek/hurriyet-cumartesi/2018e-isil-isil-merhaba-40679036) [Bright hello to 2018]. www.hurriyet.com.tr (in Turkish). 15 December 2017 . Retrieved 13 June 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-39) "Vakko Hotel & Residence" (https://www.vakkohotel.com) . www.vakkohotel.com . Retrieved 8 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-40) "Home" (https://www.vakkoesmod.com) . Vakko Esmod . Retrieved 8 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-41) "Home" (https://www.vakkoschool.com) . Vakko School of Hospitality and Service (in Turkish). 17 October 2023 . Retrieved 8 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-42) "Vitali Hakko Kreatif Endüstriler Kütüphanesi - Vakko" (https://www.vakko.com/vitali-hakko-kreatif-endustriler-kutuphanesi/) . Vakko . Retrieved 8 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-43) "The Convergence of Internet and Radio in Turkey in Perspective of Distribution and Audience" (https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/719427) . The Turkish Online Journal of Design Art and Communication . 4 (3): 47–54. July 2014 . Retrieved 14 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-44) "Home" (https://www.powerapp.com.tr/?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR2KiZ3TkSM23EAuSWnjVIeE-rYN9uhEJeSvx0JwKxVUV-1v6p-HgFytqmI_aem_AcEV4ZuAm58WsgBpovQ3UERlXspmy9Z_NUSPbjYy-E8VjQnZGwHDNYGtvHmQtResfctDsxX2ZkRCHtpgJivre61l) . Power Media . Retrieved 14 May 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "ThePowerGroup" (https://www.linkedin.com/company/thepowergroup/?trk=public_profile_experience-item_profile-section-card_image-click&originalSubdomain=fr) . LinkedIn . Retrieved 15 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-46) "TV's" (https://www.powerapp.com.tr/tvs/power-tvs/) . PowerApp (in Turkish) . Retrieved 15 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-47) "PowerTV pitch" (https://fehmican.com/PowerTV-pitch) . Fehmican . Retrieved 14 May 2024 . External links [ edit ] "Vakko world" (http://www.vakko.com.tr/#/?l=en) . Vakko . Retrieved 25 April 2012 . v t e Shopping centres and retailers in Türkiye Shopping (/wiki/List_of_shopping_malls_in_Turkey) centres (/wiki/List_of_shopping_malls_in_Turkey) Istanbul (/wiki/List_of_shopping_malls_in_Istanbul) Mixed- use dev. Akasya (/wiki/Akasya) Akmerkez (/wiki/Akmerkez) Galataport (/wiki/Galataport) Kanyon (/wiki/Kanyon_Shopping_Mall) Mall of Istanbul (/wiki/Mall_of_Istanbul) MetroCity (/wiki/MetroCity_AVM) Metropol (/wiki/Metropol_Istanbul) Özdilekpark (/wiki/%C3%96zdilek) Piyalepaşa (/wiki/Piyalepa%C5%9Fa_%C4%B0stanbul) Zorlu Center (/wiki/Zorlu_Center) Malls Atirus (/wiki/Atirus_Shopping_Center) Capitol (/wiki/Capitol_Shopping_Center) Carousel (/wiki/Carousel_Shopping_Center) CarrefourSA Maltepe Park (/wiki/CarrefourSA_Maltepe_Park) Galleria Ataköy (/wiki/Galleria_Atak%C3%B6y) Grand Pera (/wiki/Grand_Pera) Istanbul Cevahir (/wiki/Istanbul_Cevahir) İstinye Park (/wiki/%C4%B0stinye_Park) Olivium (/wiki/Olivium_Outlet_Center) Profilo (/wiki/Profilo_Shopping_Center) Tepe Nautilus (/wiki/Tepe_Nautilus) Bazaars Grand Bazaar (/wiki/Grand_Bazaar,_Istanbul) Mahmutpasha Bazaar (/wiki/Mahmutpasha_Bazaar,_Istanbul) Spice Bazaar (/wiki/Spice_Bazaar) Areas Bağdat Avenue (/wiki/Ba%C4%9Fdat_Avenue) Eminönü (/wiki/Emin%C3%B6n%C3%BC) İstiklal Avenue (/wiki/%C4%B0stiklal_Avenue) Nişantaşı (/wiki/Ni%C5%9Fanta%C5%9F%C4%B1) Other ANKAmall (/wiki/ANKAmall) (Ankara) Özdilekpark (/wiki/%C3%96zdilek_Holding) Antalya Özdilekpark (/wiki/%C3%96zdilek_Holding) Bursa Sanko Park (/wiki/Sanko_Park) (Gaziantep) Türkiye- based retail groups, chains Beymen (/wiki/Beymen) Beymen (/wiki/Beymen) Beymen Classics (/wiki/Beymen) Beymen Club (/wiki/Beymen) Beymen Seasons (/wiki/Beymen) Divarese NetWork Classics Boyner (/wiki/Boyner) Boyner (/wiki/Boyner) Altınyıldız Classics (/wiki/Boyner) Beymen Business (/wiki/Boyner) Eroğlu (/wiki/Ero%C4%9Flu_Holding) Colin's (/wiki/Colin%27s) Loft MEXX (/wiki/MEXX) Other Atelier Rebul (/wiki/Atelier_Rebul) Bimeks (/wiki/Bimeks) † DeFacto (/wiki/DeFacto_(retailer)) FLO (/wiki/Flo_(retailer)) Kiğılı (/wiki/Ki%C4%9F%C4%B1l%C4%B1) Koton (/wiki/Koton_(company)) LC Waikiki (/wiki/LC_Waikiki) Özdilek (/wiki/%C3%96zdilek) Paşabahçe (/wiki/Pa%C5%9Fabah%C3%A7e) Ramsey (/wiki/Ramsey_(retailer)) Vakko † defunct Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000460291524) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/7157150470100704330005) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f564bd77d‐qkr26 Cached time: 20240718184919 Cache expiry: 1141843 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.635 seconds Real time usage: 1.125 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3722/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 107542/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1790/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 171223/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.399/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 16624854/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 702.719 1 -total 39.09% 274.670 1 Template:Reflist 22.48% 157.958 25 Template:Cite_web 12.91% 90.695 1 Template:Lang-tr 12.86% 90.369 4 Template:Navbox 12.56% 88.241 1 Template:Infobox_company 12.41% 87.174 1 Template:Shopping_centres_in_Turkey 11.08% 77.879 1 Template:Infobox 10.22% 71.786 1 Template:Short_description 8.13% 57.107 15 Template:Cite_news Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:35436546-0!canonical and timestamp 20240718184919 and revision id 1235326528. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vakko&oldid=1235326528 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vakko&oldid=1235326528) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Retail companies of Turkey (/wiki/Category:Retail_companies_of_Turkey) Retail companies established in 1934 (/wiki/Category:Retail_companies_established_in_1934) Clothing brands of Turkey (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_of_Turkey) Companies based in Istanbul (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Istanbul) Luxury brands (/wiki/Category:Luxury_brands) Turkish companies established in 1934 (/wiki/Category:Turkish_companies_established_in_1934) Clothing companies established in 1934 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1934) Department stores of Turkey (/wiki/Category:Department_stores_of_Turkey) Hidden categories: CS1 Turkish-language sources (tr) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Turkish-language_sources_(tr)) CS1 German-language sources (de) (/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from November 2015 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_November_2015) Articles containing Turkish-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Turkish-language_text) Articles with ISNI identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_ISNI_identifiers) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers)
Perfume encyclopedia Perfumes: The Guide is part of a series of books cataloguing major perfumes, written by Luca Turin (/wiki/Luca_Turin) and Tania Sanchez. Authors [ edit ] Luca Turin (/wiki/Luca_Turin) and Tania Sanchez co-authored The Guide . The couple are married; he is a biophysicist and she is a perfume critic. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) Perfumes: The Guide and Perfumes: The A-Z Guide [ edit ] In 2008 Turin and Sanchez published Perfumes: The Guide . [2] (#cite_note-:2-2) It began with introductory chapters on the basics of perfumery and then reviewed more than a thousand perfumes, giving a rating of one to five stars and a brief critical review, signed either LT or TS. These ranged from a single word (Sanchez on Lanvin (/wiki/Lanvin) Rumeur: "Baseless") to a few paragraphs. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) In 2009, they published a paperback edition, titled Perfumes: The A-Z Guide , that made some expansions, adding 451 new reviews and new Top 10 lists. [4] (#cite_note-4) Perfumes: The Guide 2018 and reissue of The A-Z Guide [ edit ] In 2018, Turin and Sanchez released a new volume, Perfumes: The Guide 2018 , covering 1200 fragrances that had been released in the 10 years since the first book. [2] (#cite_note-:2-2) In 2019, they reissued Perfumes: The A-Z Guide . Reception [ edit ] The Guide received a starred review in Publishers Weekly (/wiki/Publishers_Weekly) , which said, “The book brings [the authors'] exquisite connoisseurship to life in a contagious manner. Their passion for a few scents and their outrage at the others' failings make for entry after entry of hilarious, catty comments interspersed with occasional erudite, eloquent disquisitions." [5] (#cite_note-5) Other reviewers echoed the praise for the book’s prose. In The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) , Hermione Hoby wrote, “Convincing the reader that perfume-making is an art form is easy for these authors: the real joy of this husband and wife's dazzlingly comprehensive compendium is in its case for perfume criticism as the even greater art." [6] (#cite_note-6) Likewise in Maclean's (/wiki/Maclean%27s) , Anne Kingston wrote, "Perfumes' metaphorically brilliant descriptors often qualify as art themselves." [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) In The New Yorker (/wiki/The_New_Yorker) , John Lancaster wrote that the authors "offer vivid, funny, evocative descriptions of the smells they write about…To enjoy "Perfumes," you don't need to know, or even to like, perfumes, such is the brio of Turin's and Sanchez's prose." [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) See also [ edit ] Fragrance wheel (/wiki/Fragrance_wheel) Bibliography [ edit ] Turin, Luca; Tania Sanchez (2008). Perfumes: The Guide . Viking. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-670-01865-9 . Turin, Luca; Tania Sanchez (2009). Perfumes: The A-Z Guide . Penguin. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-143-11501-4 . Turin, Luca; Tania Sanchez (2018). Perfumes: The Guide 2018 . Perfüümista OÜ. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-9949885534 . Turin, Luca; Tania Sanchez (2019). Perfumes: The A-Z Guide . Perfüümista OÜ. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-9949889679 . References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c Lancaster, John (2008-03-03). "Scents and Sensibility" (https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2008/03/10/scents-and-sensibility) . The New Yorker . Retrieved 2022-06-11 . ^ Jump up to: a b Ilchi, Layla (2018-08-16). " (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/fragrance/perfumes-the-guide-book-1202774654/) 'Perfumes: The Guide' Highlights Fragrances of the Last Decade" (https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/fragrance/perfumes-the-guide-book-1202774654/) . WWD . Retrieved 2022-06-11 . ^ Jump up to: a b Kingston, Anne. "Do you smell like one star or five?" Maclean's . 6/9/2008, Vol. 121 Issue 22, p63-63. Via EBSCO. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Hirst, Christopher (2009-10-30). "Perfumes: the A-Z Guide, By Luca Turin and Tania Sanchez" (https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/reviews/perfumes-the-az-guide-by-luca-turin-and-tania-sanchez-1811344.html) . The Independent . Retrieved 2022-06-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Nonfiction Book Review: Perfumes: The Guide by Luca Turin, Tania Sanchez" (https://www.publishersweekly.com/9780670018659) . Publishers Weekly . 2008-04-01 . Retrieved 2022-06-11 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Hoby, Hermione (2009-11-15). "Perfumes: the A-Z Guide by Luca Turin and Tania Sanchez" (https://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/nov/15/perfumes-guide-book-review) . the Guardian . Retrieved 2022-06-11 . External links [ edit ] Perfumes : The Guide 2018 web site (https://www.perfumestheguide.com/guide-2018) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐66546ff478‐swmd7 Cached time: 20240714205541 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.342 seconds Real time usage: 0.401 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 594/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 14421/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 384/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 30051/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.229/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4286921/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 369.003 1 -total 47.15% 173.972 4 Template:Cite_book 31.40% 115.849 1 Template:Short_description 19.30% 71.228 1 Template:Reflist 18.56% 68.493 2 Template:Pagetype 11.34% 41.847 5 Template:Cite_web 6.62% 24.442 3 Template:Main_other 5.74% 21.187 1 Template:SDcat 1.29% 4.763 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:67081068-0!canonical and timestamp 20240714205541 and revision id 1177171629. 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Djiboutian fashion model Malika Louback Louback in 2020 Born Malika Louback-Mohamed 1994 or 1995 (age 29–30) [3] (#cite_note-Vogue_Piana-3) Djibouti (/wiki/Djibouti) Modeling information Height 1.77 m (5 ft 9 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) [1] (#cite_note-Grandchamp-1) Hair color Black Eye color Brown Agency IMG Models (/wiki/IMG_Models) (New York, Milan) VIVA Model Management (/wiki/VIVA_Model_Management) (Paris, London) Dominique Models (Brussels) [2] (#cite_note-2) Malika Louback-Mohamed is a Djiboutian-French fashion model and engineer. She is the first Djiboutian woman to feature on the cover of Vogue France (/wiki/Vogue_France) . Family and engineering education [ edit ] Malika Louback comes from Djibouti (/wiki/Djibouti) . She has two sisters. [4] (#cite_note-Rosemont-4) Her first name means "queen" in Arabic (/wiki/Arabic) , and her surname means "lioness", in Afar language (/wiki/Afar_language) , one of the languages of Djibouti. [1] (#cite_note-Grandchamp-1) Her mother is Moumina Houmed Hassan (/wiki/Moumina_Houmed_Hassan) , who has been Djibouti Minister for Women and the Family since 2016, after a career in non-governmental organizations (/wiki/Non-governmental_organization) and the World Health Organization (/wiki/World_Health_Organization) . [5] (#cite_note-Afrique-5) Her father works as an engineer. [6] (#cite_note-Vogue_SG-6) Following in her father's footsteps, Louback has three college degrees: a Diplôme universitaire de technologie (/wiki/Dipl%C3%B4me_universitaire_de_technologie) in industrial (/wiki/Industrial_engineering) and maintenance engineering (/wiki/Maintenance_engineering) , a bachelor’s degree in physics (/wiki/Physics) and another degree in materials science engineering (/wiki/Materials_science_engineering) . [6] (#cite_note-Vogue_SG-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) She came to Lyon (/wiki/Lyon) in 2013, and spent six years there for her studies. [8] (#cite_note-8) She then stayed to model in Paris (/wiki/Paris) . [3] (#cite_note-Vogue_Piana-3) Her two sisters also live in France. [4] (#cite_note-Rosemont-4) Modeling career [ edit ] Louback walks the runway at the Paco Rabanne (/wiki/Paco_Rabanne) Fall-Winter 2020-2021 show Louback had always wanted to be a fashion model as well as an engineer, "to have several strings to my bow", she says, [6] (#cite_note-Vogue_SG-6) and believes that her engineering experience helps her be more attentive to detail as a model. [3] (#cite_note-Vogue_Piana-3) She takes her fashion inspiration from her mother, grandmother, and other Djiboutian women. [3] (#cite_note-Vogue_Piana-3) [9] (#cite_note-9) She reached out to IMG Models (/wiki/IMG_Models) via their website as soon as she had completed her third degree. [6] (#cite_note-Vogue_SG-6) She got an immediate call-back, and signed with them in September 2019. [6] (#cite_note-Vogue_SG-6) In the spring/summer 2020 season Louback walked in shows for Jil Sander (/wiki/Jil_Sander) in Milan, Yves Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(brand)) in Paris, Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) and Hermès (/wiki/Herm%C3%A8s) . [6] (#cite_note-Vogue_SG-6) [5] (#cite_note-Afrique-5) Her first magazine cover was Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) Paris in September 2020; she was the first Djiboutian woman on that cover. [6] (#cite_note-Vogue_SG-6) Louback spent the 2020 French pandemic lockdown (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_France) in a small Paris apartment with roommates. [6] (#cite_note-Vogue_SG-6) She did the occasional FaceTime (/wiki/FaceTime) modeling shoot. [10] (#cite_note-10) In 2021, Louback became "the face" of fashion house Loro Piana (/wiki/Loro_Piana) . [3] (#cite_note-Vogue_Piana-3) Since 2022, she has been one of the top 50 models of Models.com. She received two Model Of The Year (/w/index.php?title=Model_Of_The_Year&action=edit&redlink=1) (MOTY) nominations; 2021 Model of the Year (Nominee) and 2020 Breakout Star (Nominee) in the Models.com Industry Awards. She has gone on to feature on a number of magazine covers: Vogue Adria (/wiki/Vogue_Adria) (April 2024), Elle France (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) (September 2023), V Fall (/wiki/V_(American_magazine)) (preview 2022), Numero (/wiki/Numero-magazine.com) (April 2022), Vogue France (/wiki/Vogue_France) (February 2022), Vogue Japan (/wiki/Vogue_Japan) (September 2021) among others. [11] (#cite_note-11) Louback is also the face of Italian luxury label Loro Piana. [12] (#cite_note-12) Publications [ edit ] Doench, Ingo; Ahn Tran, Tuan; David, Laurent; Montembault, Alexandra; Viguier, Eric; Gorzelanny, Christian; Sudre, Guillaume; Cachon, Thibaut; Louback-Mohamed, Malika; Horbelt, Niels; Peniche-Covas, Carlos; Osorio-Madrazo, Anayancy (20 February 2019). "Cellulose Nanofiber-Reinforced Chitosan Hydrogel Composites for Intervertebral Disc Tissue Repair" (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6477598) . Biomimetics . 4 (1): E19. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.3390/biomimetics4010019 (https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fbiomimetics4010019) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 2313-7673 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2313-7673) . PMC (/wiki/PMC_(identifier)) 6477598 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6477598) . PMID (/wiki/PMID_(identifier)) 31105204 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31105204) . References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Grandchamp, Sybille (September 2020). "The New Face". Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) France (in French). p. 191. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Malika Louback - Model" (https://models.com/models/malika-louback) . MODELS.com . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "A Day in the Life of Model Malika Louback, the New Face of Loro Piana" (https://en.vogue.me/fashion/model-malika-louback-loro-piana-interview/) . Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) Arabia . 23 April 2021 . Retrieved 3 March 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b Rosemont, Sophie (25 January 2022). "Malika Louback, la nouvelle reine des podiums" (https://www.vogue.fr/mode/article/malika-louback-mannequin-vogue-france) [Malika Louback, the new queen of the runways]. Vogue France (/wiki/Vogue_France) (in French) . Retrieved 3 March 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b Limam, Zyad (March 2021). "Malika Louback Djibouti style!" (https://afriquemagazine.com/malika-loubackdjibouti-style) . Afrique magazine (in French) . Retrieved 3 March 2022 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Wong, Nicolette (10 December 2020). " (https://vogue.sg/malika-louback-djiboutian-model-interview/) "Beauty is authenticity. The most important thing is to accept and love yourself as you are": Djiboutian model Malika Louback is pushing diversity in fashion" (https://vogue.sg/malika-louback-djiboutian-model-interview/) . Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) Singapore . Retrieved 3 March 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Malika Louback Ingénieur - Mannequin chez IMG" (https://www.linkedin.com/in/malika-louback-653531175/?originalSubdomain=fr) . LinkedIn (/wiki/LinkedIn) . Retrieved 3 March 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Les 30 de moins de 30 ans qui vont changer la France" (https://www.vanityfair.fr/pouvoir/business/diaporama/les-30-de-moins-de-30-ans-qui-vont-changer-la-france/60660) [The 30 under 30 who will change France]. Vanity Fair (/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)) France (in French). 1 September 2020 . Retrieved 3 March 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Meet Djiboutian Model Malika Louback – The New Face Of Loro Piana" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/sponsored/article/fashion/bc/loro-piana-model-malika-louback) . British Vogue . 23 April 2021 . Retrieved 30 March 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Coquelin, Charlotte (3 June 2020). "QUARANTINE DIARIES with : MALIKA LOUBACK" (https://www.5elevenmag.com/post/malika-louback) . 5ELEVEN Magazine . Retrieved 3 March 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Malika Louback - Milan - IMG Models" (https://www.imgmodels.com/milan/women/6735-malika-louback) . www.imgmodels.com . Retrieved 20 September 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "A Day in the Life of Model Malika Louback, the New Face of Loro Piana" (https://en.vogue.me/fashion/model-malika-louback-loro-piana-interview/) . Vogue Arabia . 23 April 2021 . Retrieved 20 September 2023 . 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The pages listed in this category are templates (/wiki/Help:Template) . This page is part of Wikipedia's administration (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_administration) and not part of the encyclopedia. Further template category notes This category (/wiki/Help:Category) contains pages in the template namespace (/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_namespace) . It should not be used to categorize articles (/wiki/Wikipedia:What_is_an_article%3F) or pages in other namespaces (/wiki/Wikipedia:Namespace) . To add a template to this category: If the template has a separate documentation page (usually called "Template: template name /doc"), add [[Category:Drama Desk Award for Costume Design templates]] to the <includeonly> section at the bottom of that page. Otherwise, add <noinclude>[[Category:Drama Desk Award for Costume Design templates]]</noinclude> to the end of the template code, making sure it starts on the same line as the code's last character. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐dc899b7cc‐9sr96 Cached time: 20240720032147 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.071 seconds Real time usage: 0.088 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 151/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 10681/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 102/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 2640/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.038/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 760592/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 75.654 1 -total 100.00% 75.654 1 Template:Template_category 95.21% 72.029 1 Template:Cmbox 22.22% 16.811 1 Template:Unbulleted_list 2.65% 2.008 1 Template:Yesno 2.46% 1.860 1 Template:Category_other 2.08% 1.574 2 Template:Pad Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:32470140-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720032147 and revision id 440407456. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse Pages in category "Drama Desk Award for Costume Design templates" The following 3 pages are in this category, out of 3 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . D Template:DramaDesk CostumeDesign (/wiki/Template:DramaDesk_CostumeDesign) Template:DramaDesk CostumeDesignMusical (/wiki/Template:DramaDesk_CostumeDesignMusical) Template:DramaDesk CostumeDesignPlay (/wiki/Template:DramaDesk_CostumeDesignPlay) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Drama_Desk_Award_for_Costume_Design_templates&oldid=440407456 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Drama_Desk_Award_for_Costume_Design_templates&oldid=440407456) " Category (/wiki/Help:Category) : Drama Desk Award templates by type (/wiki/Category:Drama_Desk_Award_templates_by_type) Hidden categories: Template:Template category with no topic or description (/wiki/Category:Template:Template_category_with_no_topic_or_description) Wikipedia template categories (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_template_categories)
This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27%C3%89ventail) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Musée de l'Éventail" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Mus%C3%A9e+de+l%27%C3%89ventail%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Mus%C3%A9e+de+l%27%C3%89ventail%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Mus%C3%A9e+de+l%27%C3%89ventail%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Mus%C3%A9e+de+l%27%C3%89ventail%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Mus%C3%A9e+de+l%27%C3%89ventail%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Mus%C3%A9e+de+l%27%C3%89ventail%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( March 2021 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Musée de l'Éventail Musée de l’Éventail Established 1993 Location 2, Boulevard de Strasbourg, 75010 Paris Coordinates (/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system) 48°52′10″N 2°21′17″E  /  48.869444°N 2.354722°E  / 48.869444; 2.354722 Collections Fans Collection size 1000 Website [1] (http://www.annehoguet.fr/musee.htm) The Musée de l'Éventail (Fan Museum), or more formally L'Atelier Hoguet Musée de l'Éventail , is a private museum of fans (/wiki/Fan_(implement)) and fan-making located in the 10th arrondissement (/wiki/10th_arrondissement_of_Paris) at 2, boulevard de Strasbourg, Paris (/wiki/Paris) , France (/wiki/France) . It is open several afternoons per week (Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday) and is closed annually during the month of August; an admission fee is charged. The nearest métro station is Strasbourg – Saint-Denis (/wiki/Strasbourg_%E2%80%93_Saint-Denis_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)) . The museum is located within the Atelier Anne Hoguet, a workshop for fan-making and restoration. Its exhibits are displayed in a showroom established in 1893 by fan-makers Lepault & Deberghe, purchased in 1960 by Hervé Hoguet. The museum was established in 1993. Today the museum is housed within two rooms. The former showroom is furnished in Henry II (/wiki/Henry_II_of_France) style with a monumental fireplace, three chandeliers, blue walls embroidered with fleur-de-lys in gold thread, and walnut furnishings. It contains an exhibition of fans from the eighteenth century to the present day, along with the tools, workbenches, and materials used in making fans, including mother-of-pearl (/wiki/Mother-of-pearl) , ivory (/wiki/Ivory) , horn (/wiki/Horn_(anatomy)) , bone (/wiki/Bone) , and wood (/wiki/Wood) . See also [ edit ] List of museums in Paris (/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Paris) References [ edit ] Additional sources Wikimedia Commons has media related to Musée de l'Éventail (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27%C3%89ventail) . Musée de l'Éventail (https://web.archive.org/web/20080503133636/http://www.annehoguet.fr/musee.htm) Dentellieres article (French) (http://www.dentellieres.com/Musee/Hoguet/hoguet1.htm) Paris.org entry (https://web.archive.org/web/20080725065957/http://paris.org/Musees/Eventail/info.html) Museums of Paris entry (https://web.archive.org/web/20070812115836/http://www.museums-of-paris.com/musee_en.php?code=333) Paris Info entry (http://en.parisinfo.com/sites-culturels/61/musee-de-l-eventail-atelier-hoguet) WikiMiniAtlas 48°52′10″N 2°21′17″E  /  48.86944°N 2.35472°E  / 48.86944; 2.35472 Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000093022735) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/136492619) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐v8ddb Cached time: 20240721023740 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.258 seconds Real time usage: 0.642 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 939/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 27575/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2320/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 11895/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.171/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3240932/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 310.599 1 -total 34.33% 106.619 1 Template:Infobox_museum 26.16% 81.250 1 Template:Infobox 25.33% 78.675 1 Template:Authority_control 23.90% 74.228 1 Template:Refimprove 19.10% 59.321 1 Template:Ambox 11.47% 35.630 1 Template:Commonscat 10.45% 32.442 1 Template:Sister_project 9.90% 30.741 1 Template:Side_box 5.99% 18.596 3 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:18300132-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721023740 and revision id 1096283669. 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Japanese model Misako Aoki 青木 美沙子 Aoki at Japan Expo (/wiki/Japan_Expo) 2014 Born ( 1983-06-03 ) 3 June 1983 (age 41) [1] (#cite_note-1) Chiba Prefecture (/wiki/Chiba_Prefecture) , Japan (/wiki/Japan) Nationality Japanese Occupation Modele Years active 1998–present Modeling information Height 5 ft 2 in (1.57 m) Agency Twin Planet (/wiki/Twin_Planet) Misako Aoki ( Japanese (/wiki/Japanese_language) : 青木 美沙子 , Hepburn (/wiki/Hepburn_romanization) : Aoki Misako , born 3 June 1983) is a Japanese model (/wiki/Model_(person)) represented by Twin Planet (/wiki/Twin_Planet) . [2] (#cite_note-2) She serves as the president of the Japan Lolita Association for lolita fashion (/wiki/Lolita_fashion) . Career [ edit ] Aoki at Anime Expo (/wiki/Anime_Expo) 2012 Misako was discovered as a model in Harajuku (/wiki/Harajuku) , Tokyo (/wiki/Tokyo) at the age of 15. [3] (#cite_note-first-3) While modeling for KERA magazine, Misako was given the opportunity to wear lolita fashion. [3] (#cite_note-first-3) Initially, she was not a big fan of lolita fashion, but by modeling it, her confidence in wearing the fashion grew. [3] (#cite_note-first-3) In 2009, Misako was appointed by the Foreign Ministry (/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)) to be a "Kawaii Ambassador". [4] (#cite_note-4) Although embarrassed to utilize the title of Kawaii Ambassador at first, Misako's fulfillment of her travel duties as an ambassador allowed her to discover how much kawaii (/wiki/Kawaii) has spread throughout the world. [5] (#cite_note-5) Misako emphasizes the word kawaii to describe lolita fashion. [6] (#cite_note-6) To promote lolita fashion worldwide, Omula Beauty Fashion College ( 大村美容ファッション専門学校 , Ōmura Biyō Fasshon Senmon Gakkō ) in Fukuoka (/wiki/Fukuoka) established the Japan Lolita Association with Misako as head of the association in 2013. [7] (#cite_note-7) She published a book in 2014 titled ロリータファッションBOOK deriving her experiences of wearing lolita fashion. [8] (#cite_note-8) Personal life [ edit ] Aoki entered Tokai University Junior College of Nursing and Technology (/wiki/Tokai_University_Junior_College_of_Nursing_and_Technology) with the intention of practicing nursing. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-nursing-10) She divides her time between nursing and promoting lolita fashion. [10] (#cite_note-nursing-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) References [ edit ] Notes ^ (#cite_ref-1) Aoki, Misako (6 October 2017). "年齢について" (https://lineblog.me/aokimisako/archives/9301830.html) (in Japanese). LINEBlog. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20171011072047/https://lineblog.me/aokimisako/archives/9301830.html) from the original on 11 October 2017 . Retrieved 10 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "TWIN PLANET ENTERTAINMENT" (http://www.tp-e.jp/) (in Japanese). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220922045500/https://www.tp-e.jp/) from the original on 22 September 2022 . Retrieved 13 June 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Japan's 'cutest' ambassador, Misako Aoki talks to Nikkei Voice during FanExpo" (http://nikkeivoice.ca/japans-cutest-ambassador-misako-aoki-talks-to-nikkei-voice-during-fanexpo/) . Nikkei Voice. 8 October 2013. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201009094500/http://nikkeivoice.ca/japans-cutest-ambassador-misako-aoki-talks-to-nikkei-voice-during-fanexpo/) from the original on 9 October 2020 . Retrieved 15 June 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Kawamura, Yasuhisa (12 March 2009). "Press Conference, 12 March 2009" (http://www.mofa.go.jp/announce/press/2009/3/0312.html) . Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160304070620/http://www.mofa.go.jp/announce/press/2009/3/0312.html) from the original on 4 March 2016 . Retrieved 15 June 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "#22 Misako Aoki X Maon Kurosaki - Interview: What is the Appeal of Lolita Fashion?" (http://asianbeat.com/en/popculture/022.html) . Asianbeat . Fukuoka Prefectural Government. 1 April 2015. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170316024518/http://asianbeat.com/en/popculture/022.html) from the original on 16 March 2017 . Retrieved 15 June 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Steele, Valerie (/wiki/Valerie_Steele) ; Mears, Patricia; Kawamura, Yuniya; Narumi, Hiroshi (2010). Japanese Fashion Now . New York: Yale University Press (/wiki/Yale_University_Press) . pp. 58–59. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-300-16727-6 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Association formed to pitch 'Lolita fashion' to the world" (http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/05/31/national/association-formed-to-pitch-lolita-fashion-to-the-world/#.WUHG7ylw_IU) . Japan Times (/wiki/Japan_Times) . 31 May 2013. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170811084344/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/05/31/national/association-formed-to-pitch-lolita-fashion-to-the-world/#.WUHG7ylw_IU) from the original on 11 August 2017 . Retrieved 15 June 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Akane, Hashimoto (30 May 2014). "【Interview】Misako Aoki's Enthusiasm toward "Lolita Fashion BOOK" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170731142913/https://matcha-jp.com/en/280) " (https://web.archive.org/web/20170731142913/https://matcha-jp.com/en/280) . Matcha. Archived from the original (https://matcha-jp.com/en/280) on 31 July 2017 . Retrieved 15 June 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Kawamura, Tatsuya (27 December 2010). "【私のおしゃれ学】人気読者モデル、正看護師　青木美沙子さん" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110102101829/http://www.iza.ne.jp/news/newsarticle/entertainment/celebrity/478828/) (in Japanese). Sankei Express. Archived from the original (http://www.iza.ne.jp/news/newsarticle/entertainment/celebrity/478828/) on 2 January 2011 . Retrieved 15 June 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b Akane, Hashimoto (15 May 2014). "【Interview】Charisma of the Lolita World – Misako Aoki's Two Faces" (https://web.archive.org/web/20171011074455/https://matcha-jp.com/en/248) . Matcha. Archived from the original (https://matcha-jp.com/en/248) on 11 October 2017 . Retrieved 15 June 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "青木美沙子" (https://web.archive.org/web/20211224032935/https://www.ktv.jp/7rules/program/171003.html) (in Japanese). Kansai TV (/wiki/Kansai_TV) . 3 October 2017. Archived from the original (https://www.ktv.jp/7rules/program/171003.html) on 24 December 2021 . Retrieved 10 October 2017 . Bibliography Aoki, Misako. (2011). 青木美沙子のカワイイ革命　～ロリータときどきナース . Tokyo: Takeshobo. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-4812445938 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-4812445938) (in Japanese) Aoki, Misako. (2014). ロリータファッションBOOK . Tokyo: Mynavi. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-4-8399-4911-2 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-4-8399-4911-2) (in Japanese) Aoki, Misako. (2023). まっすぐロリータ道 . Tokyo: Kobunsha. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-4334953805 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-4334953805) (in Japanese) External links [ edit ] Misako's Official Blog (http://ameblo.jp/ribbon-misa/) (in Japanese) Misako Aoki (http://www.tp-e.jp/%E9%9D%92%E6%9C%A8%E7%BE%8E%E6%B2%99%E5%AD%90/) on Twin Planet Entertainment (in Japanese) Misako Aoki (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm5782863/) on Internet Movie Database (/wiki/Internet_Movie_Database) v t e Lolita fashion (/wiki/Lolita_fashion) Companies Angelic Pretty (/wiki/Angelic_Pretty) Baby, The Stars Shine Bright (/wiki/Baby,_The_Stars_Shine_Bright) Metamorphose temps de fille (/wiki/Metamorphose_temps_de_fille) People Mana (/wiki/Mana_(Japanese_musician)) Misako Aoki Nana Kitade (/wiki/Nana_Kitade) H. Naoto (/wiki/H._Naoto) RinRin Doll (/wiki/RinRin_Doll) Sumire Satō (/wiki/Sumire_Sat%C5%8D) Novala Takemoto (/wiki/Novala_Takemoto) Sumire Uesaka (/wiki/Sumire_Uesaka) Magazines Gothic & Lolita Bible (/wiki/Gothic_%26_Lolita_Bible) Related Aristocrat (/wiki/Aristocrat_(fashion)) Neo-Victorian (/wiki/Neo-Victorian) This article related to the culture of Japan is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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This article is an orphan (/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan) , as no other articles link to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=Nakhchivan_rock_signs&namespace=0) . Please introduce links (/wiki/Help:Link) to this page from related articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=Nakhchivan+rock+signs&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=Nakhchivan+rock+signs) ; try the Find link tool (https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=Nakhchivan_rock_signs) for suggestions. ( August 2023 ) Nakhchivan rock signs The Nakhchivan rock signs were found in 2016 at Agsal (/w/index.php?title=Agsal&action=edit&redlink=1) [ az (https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C4%9Fsal_ya%C5%9Fay%C4%B1%C5%9F_yeri) ] between the villages of Ərəfsə (/wiki/%C6%8Fr%C9%99fs%C9%99) and Milax (/wiki/Milax,_Azerbaijan) in the Culfa (/wiki/Julfa_District) region of Azerbaijan (/wiki/Azerbaijan) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Description [ edit ] Three rock signs were found in Agsal. [2] (#cite_note-Ağsal-2) A common feature of the rock sign drainage channels is that they are directed towards the canyon, indicating the possibility of fluid flow from them. The presence of rock marks on the graves suggests that some of them were used for cult purposes. The fact that the graves are next to the rock signs and some rock signs are used as wishing wells [3] (#cite_note-3) supports this view. It is interesting that around the Agsal rock shields there is a wishing tree that is visited by today's villagers. Signs such as those found in Nakhchivan (/wiki/Nakhchivan_Autonomous_Republic) are very common in Southern Azerbaijan and Eastern Anatolia. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) See also [ edit ] Cup and ring mark (/wiki/Cup_and_ring_mark) Gezer (/wiki/Gezer) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Bahşeliyev, E., Bahşeliyev, V. (2019). “Urartu Devleti’nin Güney Kafkasya Politikasında Nahçıvan’nın yeri”, AMİSOS, 4, 15-45. ^ (#cite_ref-Ağsal_2-0) Bахşəliyеv, Elmar (2021). Urartuların Güney Kafkasya Politikası (in Turkish). Naxçıvan. p. 215. {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : |work= ignored ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored) ) CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ (#cite_ref-3) Belli, O. (2010). Urartu Kaleleri’n deki Anıtsal Kaya işaretleri” - “Monumentale Felszeiehen im Bereich urartäischer Festungsanlagen”, Anadolu Araştırmaları, 11, 2010, p 84 ^ (#cite_ref-4) Konyar, E. (2006). “An Ethno-Archaeological Approach to the ‘Monumental Rock Signs’ in Eastern Anatolia”, Colloquium Anatolicum, V, 113-126. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Konyar, E. (2008). “Urartu Coğrafyasında Anıtsal Kaya işaretleri: İşlevleri Üzerine Etno-Arkeolojik Bir Yaklaşım”, Muhibbe Darğa Armağanı. İstanbul, 311-320. Further reading [ edit ] Elmar, Bakhshaliyev (2021). Urartuların Güney Kafkasya Politikası (in Turkish). Naxçıvan. p. 215. {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : |work= ignored ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored) ) CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) External links [ edit ] Urartu dövlətinin Cənubi Qafqaz siyasətindən bəhs edən monoqrafiya təqdim olunub [1] (https://science.gov.az/az/news/open/17307) AMEA Naxçıvan Bölməsinin Tarix, Etnoqrafiya və Arxeologiya İnstitutunda Urartu dövlətinin Cənubi Qafqaz siyasətindən bəhs edən monoqrafiya təqdim olunub [2] (https://525.az/news/170717-urartu-dovletinin-siyasetinden-behs-eden-monoqrafiya-teqdim-olunub) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5d8757fc87‐tvspq Cached time: 20240702073544 Cache expiry: 2564657 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.160 seconds Real time usage: 0.321 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 433/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 12861/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1248/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 10583/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.096/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2930808/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 178.257 1 -total 51.24% 91.336 1 Template:Reflist 45.53% 81.160 2 Template:Cite_book 36.61% 65.252 1 Template:Orphan 29.03% 51.745 1 Template:Draft_other 27.92% 49.771 1 Template:Ambox 8.18% 14.588 1 Template:Ill 3.98% 7.091 1 Template:Separated_entries 0.87% 1.549 2 Template:Main_other 0.74% 1.315 1 Template:Monthyear Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:69082258-0!canonical and timestamp 20240702073544 and revision id 1213086827. 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American leather goods company This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Belber) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Belber) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Belber) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Belber" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Belber%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Belber%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Belber%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Belber%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Belber%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Belber%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( April 2018 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article contains content that is written like an advertisement (/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_soapbox_or_means_of_promotion) . Please help improve it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Belber&action=edit) by removing promotional content (/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam) and inappropriate external links (/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links#Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest) , and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) . ( September 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Belber Founded 1891 Founders Aaron and Henry Belber Headquarters 22nd Arch Street, Philadelphia (/wiki/Philadelphia) , United States Products Trunks (/wiki/Trunks_(clothing)) , Luggage (/wiki/Luggage) , Leather Goods, Handbags (/wiki/Handbags) Website www.belber.com (http://www.belber.com) Belber is a heritage American leather goods company founded in Philadelphia (/wiki/Philadelphia) in 1891. History [ edit ] Foundation [ edit ] The Belber company was established in 1891. Its founders, Aaron and Henry Belber, scraped together $200 and started making luggage in a South Philadelphia (/wiki/South_Philadelphia) basement. The Belber brothers, ages 14 and 17, worked 10 hours a day, six days a week, hand-stitching luggage. [1] (#cite_note-1) History [ edit ] The Belber Building in Philadelphia The Belber brothers opened their first factory in 1903. The Belber brothers were soon joined by their 2 other brothers, Herman and Maurice. In 1919, the Belber Trunk and Bag Company acquired the Oshkosh Trunk Company and became one of the world's biggest manufacturers of traveling goods. [2] (#cite_note-2) In 1920, the company purchased the Larkin Building (/wiki/Larkin-Belber_Building) on Arch Street in Philadelphia (/wiki/Philadelphia) to house its main office, a factory and a salesroom. In addition, Belber built a national network of production, distribution and direct sales by 1926, including manufacturing plants at Woodbury (/wiki/Woodbury,_New_Jersey) and Newark (/wiki/Newark,_New_Jersey) , New Jersey (/wiki/New_Jersey) , Oshkosh (/wiki/Oshkosh,_Wisconsin) and Wisconsin (/wiki/Wisconsin) , as well as branch warehouses and offices in Pittsburgh (/wiki/Pittsburgh) , New York (/wiki/New_York_City) , Minneapolis (/wiki/Minneapolis) , Chicago (/wiki/Chicago) and San Francisco (/wiki/San_Francisco) . The Belber Trunk and Bag Company continued its expansion by acquiring the Schmit Bros. Trunk Company (which included the Eagle Trunk Company) in 1926 [3] (#cite_note-3) and the trunkmakers Innovation (/wiki/Innovation) and Neverbreak in the 1930s. In 1930, Belber moved its headquarters to Woodbury, New Jersey (/wiki/Woodbury,_New_Jersey) , into a building that used to house the Blasius piano factory. In 1947, Belber closed its plant in Philadelphia (/wiki/Philadelphia) and transferred all its activities to Woodbury, New Jersey (/wiki/Woodbury,_New_Jersey) . In the 1950s, Belber started to lose momentum with the development of air travel and eventually went dormant in the middle of the 1970s. In 2013, a group of entrepreneurs acquired Belber with plans to revive the brand. In early 2016, a collection of bags and accessories was launched. Products [ edit ] In the roaring twenties (/wiki/Roaring_twenties) , Belber's trunks, suitcases and collapsible silk cord hangers were symbols of luxury travel. The Belber brothers were determined to revolutionize the idea of the journey, developing a “luggage consciousness” to convince customers that the bag was just as important as what went inside it. People began to want to look good when they traveled and only the extremely wealthy could afford to do so during this period. However, with the production of Belber goods, the concept of "traveling in style" was made accessible to ordinary consumers. Innovations and patents [ edit ] Between 1907 and 1935, Belber registered up to 80 patents in the U.S. for various technical product innovations. Some of the exclusive and patented Belber devices included the "Belber Safe Lock" enabling an easy opening and closing of the trunk, the "Belber Curtain Follower" (attached to the back of the trunk and holding firmly in place the garments by a rod inserted into a graduated ratchet) and multiple Drawer Locking Devices. Belber advertised in nationally circulated magazines, touting its luggage as "as modern as tomorrow." Advertising [ edit ] The Belber brothers were all about showing America that a bag was all about personality and they did this by spreading the word through illustrated magazine and newspaper ads. Early precursors to the advertising heyday of Madison Avenue. The Belber advertisements were just as much about the American dream of social mobility as they were about how to live and dress well. Belber ads were written to be inspirational and aspirational. "With vision and expectancy, your travel plans are born." Matched with magnificence, superbly designed Belber canvas and leather-bound luggage gives stately expression to your travel luxury,” reads one for Belber’s luggage ads. “Your trunk is brought to your room. You unlock it. Swing it open. There, all your clothes fresh and dainty as when you put them in. Everything in its place, nothing missed. No unpacking to do, no trouble at all. You are at home and settled at once,” promises another from the 1920s. In the 1940s, to advertise its new collections, the Belber brothers also helped invent the concept of product tie-ins and product placement, partnering with Hollywood Stars such as Ray Milland (/wiki/Ray_Milland) in the movie The Big Clock (film) (/wiki/The_Big_Clock_(film)) and Alan Ladd (/wiki/Alan_Ladd) in the movie Saigon (1948 film) (/wiki/Saigon_(1948_film)) . The Belber Building [ edit ] Belber occupied the Larkin-Belber Building (/wiki/Larkin-Belber_Building) from 1920 to 1947. It was a large industrial facility with 4,430,000 cubic feet and 295,360 square feet of floor space on twelve floors located at 22nd St and Arch St in Philadelphia (/wiki/Philadelphia) . [4] (#cite_note-arch-4) Belber operated a showroom and a store on the first floor of the building while the rail spur off the Schuylkill Expressway (/wiki/Schuylkill_Expressway) linked the firm to its national market. The firm hired local architect Leroy Berman Rothschild to place Belber's own stamp on the building. Rothshild designed large rooftop signs placed along the sides of the building. In its architecture as well as its integration of manufacturing, office work, and retail functions, the Belber Building represented a "landmark of twentieth century commerce and industry." [4] (#cite_note-arch-4) See also [ edit ] Goyard (/wiki/Goyard) Louis Vuitton (/wiki/Louis_Vuitton) Moynat (/wiki/Moynat) Hartmann (/wiki/Hartmann_Luggage) Mark Cross (/wiki/Mark_Cross_(brand)) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Belber Firm 'Folds' Today". Indiana Evening Gazette . August 16, 1949. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Is a Belber Wardrobe Trunk too good for you?" The Saturday Evening Post (/wiki/The_Saturday_Evening_Post) . October 11, 1919. Page 148. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Billhead of the Month: Schmit Bros trunks Oshkosh WI". (http://billheads.blogspot.fr/2011/03/billhead-of-month-schmit-bros-trunks.html) The Ephemera of Business Blog. March 22, 2011 ^ Jump up to: a b "National Historic Landmarks & National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania" (https://web.archive.org/web/20070721014609/https://www.dot7.state.pa.us/ce/SelectWelcome.asp) . CRGIS: Cultural Resources Geographic Information System. Archived from the original (https://www.dot7.state.pa.us/ce/SelectWelcome.asp) (Searchable database) on 2007-07-21 . Retrieved 2012-12-03 . Note: This includes Dominic Vitello and George E. Thomas (October 2002). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Larkin/Belber Building" (https://www.dot7.state.pa.us/ce_imagery/phmc_scans/H121657.PDF) (PDF) . Retrieved 2012-11-22 . [ permanent dead link ] External links [ edit ] Official Brand Website (http://belber.com) Video on the history of Belber [1] (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A5H-DmNZEcA) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐687d5b87c4‐pzt8q Cached time: 20240709235058 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.256 seconds Real time usage: 0.517 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1633/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 45987/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 10319/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 17275/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.159/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4940604/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 331.180 1 -total 35.28% 116.824 3 Template:Ambox 30.09% 99.649 1 Template:Reflist 28.43% 94.169 1 Template:Infobox_company 25.84% 85.563 1 Template:Infobox 22.71% 75.224 2 Template:Cite_web 22.48% 74.450 1 Template:Multiple_issues 18.16% 60.142 1 Template:Short_description 14.55% 48.179 1 Template:Refimprove 10.21% 33.816 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:37823349-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709235058 and revision id 1226596427. 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Vs. Kylie Minogue (/wiki/Kylie_Minogue) on the cover of Vs. Categories fashion (/wiki/Fashion_magazine) Frequency Biannual Founder Jakob F. Stubkjær and Vibe Dabelsteen Founded 2005 Country USA Based in New York City Language English Website vsmag (https://vsmag.com/) .com (https://vsmag.com/) Vs. is an international fashion and lifestyle magazine published twice per year. Featuring sleek design, luxury fashion stories, editorial edge, [ citation needed ] and large format, glossy, print size, Vs. was founded by Jakob F. Stubkjær and Vibe Dabelsteen in 2005. Vs. 's offices are based in New York, United States. Vs. features some of the most prominent figures in fashion and mainstream culture from supermodels and celebrities to emerging talents within fashion, beauty, music, art, film and culture. Every issue has four different covers. Fall/Winter 2010 featured Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) , Eva Mendes (/wiki/Eva_Mendes) , Christina Ricci (/wiki/Christina_Ricci) and Rachel Weisz (/wiki/Rachel_Weisz) on the front cover, and the Spring/Summer 2011 issues featured Kylie Minogue (/wiki/Kylie_Minogue) , Sky Ferreira (/wiki/Sky_Ferreira) , [1] (#cite_note-1) Paris Hilton (/wiki/Paris_Hilton) [ citation needed ] and Oh Land (/wiki/Oh_Land) [2] (#cite_note-2) Vsmagazinelive.com is the LIVE edition of the printed magazine. With all the notions of web exploited, that is the motion, the audio, the pace, the form. Vsmagazinelive.com features new content every day from historic film clips to exclusive Vs. fashion productions, daily style and fashion news, as well as trends, industry and cultural updates. [3] (#cite_note-3) Headquarters in NYC Models [ edit ] The following models and talent have featured on the front covers of Vs. Magazine . Spring/Summer 2009 featured Emma Watson (/wiki/Emma_Watson) , Lou Doillon (/wiki/Lou_Doillon) and Milla Jovovich (/wiki/Milla_Jovovich) . Fall/Winter 2009 featured Drew Barrymore (/wiki/Drew_Barrymore) , Juliette Lewis (/wiki/Juliette_Lewis) and Elliot Page (/wiki/Elliot_Page) . Spring/Summer 2010 featured Claudia Schiffer (/wiki/Claudia_Schiffer) Vanessa Paradis (/wiki/Vanessa_Paradis) , Bar Refaeli (/wiki/Bar_Refaeli) and Claire Danes (/wiki/Claire_Danes) . Fall/Winter 2010 featured Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) , Eva Mendes (/wiki/Eva_Mendes) , Christina Ricci (/wiki/Christina_Ricci) and Rachel Weisz (/wiki/Rachel_Weisz) . Spring/Summer 2011 featured Kylie Minogue (/wiki/Kylie_Minogue) , Sky Ferreira (/wiki/Sky_Ferreira) , Paris Hilton (/wiki/Paris_Hilton) and Oh Land (/wiki/Oh_Land) . Fall/Winter 2011 featured Kirsten Dunst (/wiki/Kirsten_Dunst) , Laetitia Casta (/wiki/Laetitia_Casta) and Amber Heard (/wiki/Amber_Heard) . Spring/Summer 2012 features Julianne Moore (/wiki/Julianne_Moore) , Erin Wasson (/wiki/Erin_Wasson) , Rosie Huntington-Whiteley (/wiki/Rosie_Huntington-Whiteley) , Elizabeth Olsen (/wiki/Elizabeth_Olsen) , Shailene Woodley (/wiki/Shailene_Woodley) , Helena Christensen (/wiki/Helena_Christensen) . References [ edit ] This article includes a list of general references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) , but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations) . Please help to improve (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability) this article by introducing (/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite) more precise citations. ( February 2011 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ^ (#cite_ref-1) Nate Freeman, Article in The Observer , The Observer , February 2011 ^ (#cite_ref-2) iO Tillett Wright (/wiki/IO_Tillett_Wright) , " Notes From the Underground | Oh Land (http://tmagazine.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/04/12/notes-from-the-underground-oh-land/) ", T: The New York Times Style Magazine (/wiki/T:_The_New_York_Times_Style_Magazine) blog site, April 2011 ^ (#cite_ref-3) " Vs. Magazine (http://models.com/client/vs-magazine) ", Models.com NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐ct6jh Cached time: 20240714001504 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.169 seconds Real time usage: 0.229 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1036/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 13373/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1706/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 5562/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.077/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2150202/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 180.210 1 -total 41.73% 75.197 1 Template:Infobox_magazine 39.43% 71.050 1 Template:Infobox 29.66% 53.443 2 Template:Citation_needed 25.12% 45.273 2 Template:Fix 20.11% 36.239 1 Template:More_footnotes 17.13% 30.867 1 Template:Ambox 14.87% 26.804 4 Template:Category_handler 6.62% 11.924 1 Template:Reflist 5.66% 10.204 1 Template:URL Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:31037220-0!canonical and timestamp 20240714001504 and revision id 1031117300. 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Setting spray (also finishing spray , makeup setting spray , finish spray , or makeup spray ) is a cosmetic (/wiki/Cosmetics) product designed to preserve applied make-up (/wiki/Make-up) in place for long periods of time. Usually sold in small spray bottles, setting spray is applied by spritzing mist over the face, keeping the make-up application moist for several hours. [1] (#cite_note-glamour-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Industry [ edit ] Originally produced for the entertainment industry by cosmetic companies, setting sprays were developed to limit make-up reapplication for actors in theatre (/wiki/Theatre) and film (/wiki/Film) . [3] (#cite_note-dailyglow-3) Cosmetic company Skindinavia (/w/index.php?title=Skindinavia&action=edit&redlink=1) released a consumer-facing setting spray to the market, credited as being the first to do so. [3] (#cite_note-dailyglow-3) The product, called Makeup Finishing Spray , gained popularity in Hollywood (/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States) , where it was used on programs such as Project Runway (/wiki/Project_Runway) and Dancing With The Stars (/wiki/Dancing_With_The_Stars) . [3] (#cite_note-dailyglow-3) Many celebrities adopted the use of setting sprays as well. [4] (#cite_note-bellasugar-4) [1] (#cite_note-glamour-1) Since Skindinavia's launch, Smart cosmeceuticals llc, is their jointly owned company started in November 2004. Neil Goldman and Allen Goldman are founders of skindinavia many other setting sprays have entered the market, including products made by Eyes Lips Face (/wiki/Eyes_Lips_Face) (J.A. Cosmetics Corp), Matrix (/w/index.php?title=Matrix_(cosmetics)&action=edit&redlink=1) , and Sephora (/w/index.php?title=Sephora_(cosmetics)&action=edit&redlink=1) . Entertainment industry [ edit ] Because setting sprays can preserve make-up (/wiki/Make-up) through heat, sweat and physical exertion, it has become a widely used product in the entertainment industry, favored by stylists in theatre, film and television. [3] (#cite_note-dailyglow-3) Effectiveness [ edit ] The cosmetics industry has accepted setting sprays as a complement to powders in keeping the skin from drying for longer periods of time, [5] (#cite_note-cosmeticstoiletries-5) however there are product reviewers who have wondered if a setting spray is effective when not wearing foundation even though it has proven effective with minimal makeup. [6] (#cite_note-fitness-6) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Pomerantz, Andrea. November 19, 2009. Glamour . How to Make Your Makeup Stay Put (and Look Good!) All Day long. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "I Tested 6 Setting Sprays To See If They Actually Do Anything" (http://www.refinery29.uk/makeup-primer-setting-spray) . Refinery29 (/wiki/Refinery29) . Retrieved 11 February 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Tinus, Donna. March 21, 2011. Daily Glow . ^ (#cite_ref-bellasugar_4-0) BellaSugar. July, 22, 2011. "This Week's Top Celebrity Beauty Looks." ^ (#cite_ref-cosmeticstoiletries_5-0) Cosmetics & Toiletries. June, 2011. "Finishing Makeup". ^ (#cite_ref-fitness_6-0) Smock, Jaclyn. Fitness Magazine. September 14, 2011. "Do Makeup Setting Mists Work?" NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐whv4r Cached time: 20240718214332 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.092 seconds Real time usage: 0.111 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 132/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1315/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 5/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 5972/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.061/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2420513/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 89.570 1 Template:Cite_web 100.00% 89.570 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:34508819-0!canonical and timestamp 20240718214332 and revision id 1172391223. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Setting_spray&oldid=1172391223 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Setting_spray&oldid=1172391223) " Category (/wiki/Help:Category) : Cosmetics (/wiki/Category:Cosmetics)
2004 British fashion collection Dress from Pantheon ad Lucem , shoes from Natural Dis-tinction Un-natural Selection (/w/index.php?title=Natural_Dis-tinction_Un-natural_Selection&action=edit&redlink=1) (Spring/Summer 2009); presented at the exhibition Lee Alexander McQueen: Mind, Mythos, Muse (2023 staging) Pantheon ad Lucem [a] (#cite_note-Name-1) (Autumn/Winter 2004) is the twenty-fourth collection by British designer Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) for his eponymous fashion house (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen_(brand)) . Inspired by ideas of rebirth, ancient Greek garments (/wiki/Ancient_Greek_clothing) and science fiction films including 2001: A Space Odyssey (/wiki/2001:_A_Space_Odyssey) (1968) and Star Wars (1977), the collection focused on sleek draped, wrapped, or tied jersey (/wiki/Jersey_(fabric)) designs in light and neutral colours, with some evening wear (/wiki/Evening_gown) in darker colours. Contrasting the slimline items were heavier garments including tweed suits and fur coats. McQueen expressed his fascination with altering the silhouette (/wiki/Silhouette) , emphasising the hips to a degree that was uncommon for him. The runway show (/wiki/Runway_show) was staged on 5 March 2004 at the Grande halle de la Villette (/wiki/Grande_halle_de_la_Villette) in Paris. In contrast to McQueen's usually bombastic presentations, the show for Pantheon ad Lucem was minimalist. Models were styled to look androgynous (/wiki/Androgyny) and somewhat alien. They wore wigs (/wiki/Wig) with short, tightly curled hair, echoing hairstyles found on ancient Greek statuary (/wiki/Greek_statuary) . The runway was a plain white circle, illuminated from below. Lighting abstractly evoked the Roman Colosseum (/wiki/Colosseum) or an alien starship (/wiki/Starship) . For the show's finale, model Tiiu Kuik (/wiki/Tiiu_Kuik) wore a grey evening gown with an exaggerated hourglass silhouette (/wiki/Hourglass_figure) , styled with a shoulder-piece decorated with silver orchids (/wiki/Orchid) , and walked to the spotlit centre of the stage to the sound of a flatlining heart monitor (/wiki/Heart_monitor) . Critical response to the clothing and the runway show for Pantheon ad Lucem was mixed to positive, and it is regarded as one of McQueen's less significant collections. Some critics appreciated the simple artistry of the clothing, but many had come to expect theatre from McQueen and were disappointed by its absence. The "Orchid" shoulder-piece appeared in the original 2011 staging of the retrospective exhibit Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty , and a dress from the retail collection appeared at the exhibition Lee Alexander McQueen: Mind, Mythos, Muse (2022). Background [ edit ] I used to use a lot of bondage allusions and hard-edged clothes. Because I was coming out as a gay man, they reflected what I felt and what I was seeing in gay clubs. It wasn't always nice. It could be very dark and ugly. When you wear one of my dresses, whether it's got elements of bondage or orchids, you're getting me, 100 percent...This fall show was about purity, about focusing on the clothes. I wanted something to counteract all the feathers and the flounces of the pirate collection [ Irere (/wiki/Irere_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) ] last spring. McQueen, reflecting on the evolution of his designs in an interview with Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) , August 2004 [1] (#cite_note-harper-2) British fashion designer Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) was known for his imaginative, sometimes controversial designs, and dramatic fashion shows (/wiki/Fashion_show) which were theatrical to the point of verging on performance art (/wiki/Performance_art) . [2] (#cite_note-:17-3) [3] (#cite_note-:18-4) During his nearly twenty-year career, he explored a broad range of ideas and themes, including historicism (/wiki/Historicism_(art)) , romanticism (/wiki/Romanticism) , femininity, sexuality, and death. [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrankel201113–14-5) [2] (#cite_note-:17-3) [3] (#cite_note-:18-4) Although he worked in ready-to-wear (/wiki/Ready-to-wear) – clothing produced for retail sale – his runway showpieces featured a degree of craftsmanship that verged on haute couture (/wiki/Haute_couture) . [5] (#cite_note-:4-6) [6] (#cite_note-:22-7) McQueen's personal fixations had a strong influence on his designs and shows. He drew on his love of film from the beginning of his career with his first commercial collection, Taxi Driver (/wiki/Taxi_Driver_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (Autumn/Winter 1993), named for the 1976 film (/wiki/Taxi_Driver) by Martin Scorsese (/wiki/Martin_Scorsese) . [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Neill2015262-8) He also had a lifelong fascination with space travel (/wiki/Space_travel_in_science_fiction) and aliens (/wiki/Extraterrestrial_life) . [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015290-9) Referring to the time- and space-travelling device from the science fiction show Doctor Who (/wiki/Doctor_Who) , he said: "If the TARDIS (/wiki/TARDIS) did exist, I'd be the first to buy one." [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015290-9) His collections were often historicist (/wiki/Historicism_(art)) , referencing and reworking historical narratives and concepts. [9] (#cite_note-:2-10) From 1996 to October 2001, McQueen was also – in addition to his responsibilities for his own fashion house (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen_(brand)) – head designer at French fashion house Givenchy (/wiki/Givenchy) . [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilcox2015327-11) [11] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015255-12) [12] (#cite_note-13) In 2000, McQueen sold 51 per cent of his company to the Gucci Group (/wiki/Gucci_group) , owned by French conglomerate (/wiki/Conglomerate_(company)) PPR (now Kering (/wiki/Kering) ), but retained creative control. [13] (#cite_note-14) [14] (#cite_note-bbc_obit-15) During late 2003 and early 2004, McQueen was in tense negotiations with PPR management to replace the departing Tom Ford (/wiki/Tom_Ford) as creative director (/wiki/Creative_director) at Yves Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(fashion_house)) (YSL), also owned by PPR. The negotiations broke down and McQueen did not take the job, publicly stating he wished to focus on his own label. [15] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2015332-16) [16] (#cite_note-vogue-17) Concept and creative process [ edit ] Sketch of women wearing clothing in the style of ancient Greece (/wiki/Ancient_Greek_clothing) Silk chiffon evening gown by Madeleine Vionnet (/wiki/Madeleine_Vionnet) , c.1932 White gown worn by Princess Leia (/wiki/Princess_Leia) in Star Wars (/wiki/Star_Wars_(film)) Greek-inspired draped minidress by Azzedine Alaïa (/wiki/Azzedine_Ala%C3%AFa) Pantheon ad Lucem [a] (#cite_note-Name-1) (Autumn/Winter 2004) is the twenty-fourth collection McQueen designed for his eponymous fashion house. The entire title is often incorrectly translated as meaning "towards the light"; this is the correct translation for the Latin (/wiki/Latin) phrase " ad lucem (/wiki/Ad_lucem) ", but neglects to account for the word " pantheon ". [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015315-18) [18] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFury2015224–225-19) [19] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox2016166-20) McQueen saw Pantheon ad Lucem as a rebirth and renewal. [20] (#cite_note-Booth-21) [21] (#cite_note-:10-22) [22] (#cite_note-:8-23) His goal for the collection was to remove "all theatrics and focus purely on design", in contrast to his usually bombastic runway presentations. [23] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnox201057-24) [18] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFury2015224–225-19) He also said that he "wanted to envision what fashion should be like in the 21st century". [24] (#cite_note-:1-25) The collection took inspiration from the loosely draped style of ancient Greek garments (/wiki/Ancient_Greek_clothing) as well as the costume and design of science fiction films like 2001: A Space Odyssey (/wiki/2001:_A_Space_Odyssey) (1968), Star Wars (1977), Close Encounters of the Third Kind (/wiki/Close_Encounters_of_the_Third_Kind) (1977), and Signs (2002). [1] (#cite_note-harper-2) [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015315-18) [25] (#cite_note-:6-26) The palette was mostly neutral and the cuts were relatively simple, making heavy use of silhouettes McQueen had relied on in the past, including dresses with cinched waists, tailored suits and coats, and draped gowns. [16] (#cite_note-vogue-17) [26] (#cite_note-:3-27) [23] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnox201057-24) Some journalists interpreted the collection's restrained designs as being related to the YSL negotiations, either as evidence of stress, or an attempt to assert his own identity as a designer. [16] (#cite_note-vogue-17) [20] (#cite_note-Booth-21) [26] (#cite_note-:3-27) Much of the collection comprised ensembles in draped, wrapped, or tied jersey (/wiki/Jersey_(fabric)) . [27] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012211-28) Long column dresses evoked the 1930s work of French designer Madeleine Vionnet (/wiki/Madeleine_Vionnet) , who specialised in bias-cut (/wiki/Bias_cut) dresses meant to loosely drape and wrap around the body; Vionnet was also inspired by the ancient Greeks. [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015315-18) [27] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012211-28) [28] (#cite_note-29) Journalist Stephen Todd thought these items might also have been influenced by Tunisian designer Azzedine Alaïa (/wiki/Azzedine_Ala%C3%AFa) . [25] (#cite_note-:6-26) Contrasting the slimline items were heavier garments including tweed (/wiki/Tweed) suits and fur coats (/wiki/Fur_coats) . [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015315-18) Looks 26 and 27 had embossed patterns that evoked the appearance of crop circles (/wiki/Crop_circle) or the Nazca Lines (/wiki/Nazca_Lines) . [b] (#cite_note-31) [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015315-18) [30] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012212-32) [16] (#cite_note-vogue-17) McQueen was known for playing with the silhouette (/wiki/Silhouette) by cutting or structuring garments to produce unusual shapes. In Pantheon , he emphasised the hips to a degree that was uncommon for him, but also showed cinched waists and padded jackets. [30] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012212-32) The final items in the collection had highly structured boat necklines (/wiki/Boat_neckline) in an exaggerated width, coupled with reflective fabric or inset LED (/wiki/LED) lights, giving the wearer an inhuman or alien quality. [18] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFury2015224–225-19) [31] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnox201060-33) [19] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox2016166-20) The conical silver dress in Look 51 bore a resemblance to the Apollo command module (/wiki/Apollo_command_and_service_module) . [32] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason2012124-34) Despite its science fiction roots, Pantheon contained McQueen's typical references to historical clothing styles. [9] (#cite_note-:2-10) [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015315-18) The early phase of the collection included references to the 1930s fashion (/wiki/1930s_fashion) that influenced his previous collection, Deliverance (Spring/Summer 2004), including pussy bows (/wiki/Pussy_bow) , broadened shoulders, and slightly mismatched collars and hems. [27] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012211-28) Looks 36 and 38, heavily beaded dresses with extreme cutouts, may have been referencing belly dancing (/wiki/Belly_dance) outfits. [33] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason2012122-35) McQueen referenced English medieval clothing (/wiki/English_medieval_clothing) in several of the evening wear (/wiki/Evening_gown) pieces. Garments with heavily decorated yokes (/wiki/Yoke_(clothing)) or long sleeves, such as those found in Looks 33 and 46 respectively, pointed back at the Plantagenet period of the late Middle Ages (/wiki/England_in_the_late_Middle_Ages) . [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015315-18) Look 47 had similarities to the English medieval kirtle (/wiki/Kirtle) . [30] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012212-32) Look 54 echoed the gaping neckline in a design with elements of Tudor period clothing (/wiki/1500%E2%80%931550_in_European_fashion) . [31] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnox201060-33) McQueen often incorporated materials and visuals from the natural world into his shows. Look 34 was styled with a large collar made from real feathers and glass beads, a possible nod to Native American (/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States) styles. [30] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012212-32) Jaguar print (/wiki/Animal_print) and floral print (/wiki/Floral_design) appeared in Looks 37 and 39, and 48 and 49, respectively. [16] (#cite_note-vogue-17) [30] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012212-32) The exaggerated floral prints, an unusual motif for McQueen and one which he called "pivotal" to the collection's presentation, were derived from photographs of orchids (/wiki/Orchid) by Peter Arnold (/w/index.php?title=Peter_Arnold_(photographer)&action=edit&redlink=1) . [1] (#cite_note-harper-2) Reproducing the multicoloured photographs as prints on silk presented a technical challenge for McQueen's manufacturer and had to be redone several times. [1] (#cite_note-harper-2) As a result, the collection was delayed and did not leave the production facility in Italy until nearly two days before the show. [1] (#cite_note-harper-2) Runway show [ edit ] Production details [ edit ] Grande halle de la Villette, 2015 The runway show was staged on 5 March 2004 at the Grande halle de la Villette (/wiki/Grande_halle_de_la_Villette) in Paris. [34] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox2016343-36) It was the final show of the day. [25] (#cite_note-:6-26) Although scheduled for 8:30 p.m., it did not start until 10. [35] (#cite_note-Graham-37) PPR president Francois-Henri Pinault (/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Henri_Pinault) and chairman Serge Weinberg (/wiki/Serge_Weinberg) , as well as departing Gucci CEO Domenico De Sole (/wiki/Domenico_De_Sole) were in attendance. [36] (#cite_note-:0-38) Other guests included designer Diane von Furstenberg (/wiki/Diane_von_F%C3%BCrstenberg) , McQueen's friends Isabella Blow (/wiki/Isabella_Blow) and Kate Moss (/wiki/Kate_Moss) , musician Grace Jones (/wiki/Grace_Jones) , and McQueen's mother. [36] (#cite_note-:0-38) [37] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason2012121-39) The runway was a plain white circle, illuminated from below; author Andrew Wilson (/wiki/Andrew_Wilson_(author)) described it as an "alien landing pad". [27] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012211-28) [18] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFury2015224–225-19) [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015290-9) Models entered through a backlit door at the rear of the stage, suggesting the open door of an alien spaceship (/wiki/Alien_spaceship) . [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015315-18) The rings of ceiling lights, as well as pillars of light circling the stage in the finale, evoked the Roman Colosseum (/wiki/Colosseum) in the abstract. [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015315-18) [18] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFury2015224–225-19) Author Judith Watt saw the lights as representing "the base of a hovering starship". [27] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012211-28) Joseph Bennett, who had designed all of McQueen's runways since No. 13 (Spring/Summer 1999), returned to handle set design (/wiki/Set_design) . [38] (#cite_note-40) The soundtrack was primarily electropop (/wiki/Electropop) but incorporated tracks from science fiction films and television shows. The themes from Close Encounters of the Third Kind (/wiki/Close_Encounters_of_the_Third_Kind) and Doctor Who (/wiki/Doctor_Who) appeared, as did a sample from the initial fanfare (/wiki/Fanfare) of the Richard Strauss (/wiki/Richard_Strauss) composition Also sprach Zarathustra , used in Stanley Kubrick (/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick) 's 1968 film 2001: A Space Odyssey (/wiki/2001:_A_Space_Odyssey) . [39] (#cite_note-41) [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015315-18) [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015290-9) The 1980 Kate Bush (/wiki/Kate_Bush) song " Babooshka (/wiki/Babooshka_(song)) " was also used. [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015290-9) Let's say it's a little bit Queen Elizabeth the First (/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_the_First) meets War Of The Worlds (/wiki/The_War_of_the_Worlds_(1953_film)) [...] They are beautiful aliens [...] A little demented maybe, but beautiful. Makeup artist Tonee Roberio, reflecting on the styling [35] (#cite_note-Graham-37) Guido Palau (/wiki/Guido_Palau) styled hair, while Val Garland (/wiki/Val_Garland) handled make-up; both were frequent McQueen collaborators. [34] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox2016343-36) Models were styled to look androgynous (/wiki/Androgyny) and somewhat alien, with their faces powdered pale and eyes slanted artificially with invisible tape. [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015315-18) [19] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox2016166-20) [37] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason2012121-39) They wore wigs (/wiki/Wig) with short, tightly curled hair, echoing hairstyles found on ancient Greek statuary (/wiki/Greek_statuary) . [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015315-18) [19] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox2016166-20) [27] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012211-28) Some critics found the styling "embryonic". [16] (#cite_note-vogue-17) [22] (#cite_note-:8-23) McQueen's longtime collaborator Shaun Leane (/wiki/Shaun_Leane_(jeweller)) created accessories for the collection, most notably the silver "Orchid" shoulder-piece that featured in the final look. [19] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox2016166-20) [40] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBolton2011235-42) According to Leane, McQueen requested a shoulder-piece with orchids made to look "quite alien [...] not from this planet". [19] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox2016166-20) Leane had created a rose-adorned silver corset for McQueen's Spring/Summer 2000 Givenchy collection, and repeated the same process for the Orchid piece. He carved the shoulder section from clay and the flowers from wax. Both were cast in resin then electroplated (/wiki/Electroplating) with silver. The orchids were further oxidised (/wiki/Oxidizing_agent) so their colour contrasted with the shoulder portion. [41] (#cite_note-43) Catwalk presentation [ edit ] Boots from Pantheon ad Lucem at Mind, Mythos, Muse Fifty-five pieces were presented. [c] (#cite_note-44) [27] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012211-28) [16] (#cite_note-vogue-17) A brief projection before the show presented scenes from outer space. [27] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012211-28) The opening phase consisted of flesh-toned (/wiki/Flesh_tone) items in soft fabrics like jersey and cashmere, as well as garments in soft leather (/wiki/Leather) and tweed (/wiki/Tweed) . [27] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012211-28) With Look 20, the presentation shifted to earth tones (/wiki/Earth_tone) . This phase included McQueen's first jumpsuits (/wiki/Jumpsuit) , Looks 24 and 31, in tweed. [42] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012211–212-45) [16] (#cite_note-vogue-17) More projected images of space preceded the final phase. [33] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason2012122-35) Beginning at Look 40, the last portion of the collection comprised evening wear looks in dark satin (/wiki/Satin) , including the orchid-print dresses. [30] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012212-32) The final three looks, all highly sculptural dresses, were presented in near-darkness, lit mainly by reflective fabric and LEDs inside the garments and jewellery. [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015315-18) [43] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlexander_McQueen201213:54-46) [32] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason2012124-34) For the show's finale, model Tiiu Kuik (/wiki/Tiiu_Kuik) wore an evening gown in light grey tulle (/wiki/Tulle_(netting)) . The gown had an exaggerated hourglass silhouette (/wiki/Hourglass_figure) : a flared A-line skirt (/wiki/A-line_skirt) , tightly cinched waist (/wiki/Tightlacing) , and a V-shaped structured bodice that opened into a wide boat neckline (/wiki/Boat_neckline) . [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015315-18) [19] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox2016166-20) The look was styled with Shaun Leane's silver "Orchid" shoulder-piece. [19] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox2016166-20) [40] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBolton2011235-42) Kuik walked onto the darkened stage as concentric rings of light flashed on the floor and the sound of a heart monitor (/wiki/Heart_monitor) began playing. [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015290-9) She stopped in the centre and held her arms out beseechingly while a spotlight illuminated her from the ceiling. The heart monitor sound gradually slowed into a flatline (/wiki/Flatline) . [19] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFairerWilcox2016166-20) [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015290-9) Lights resembling pillars surrounded the stage. The spotlight gradually dimmed until Kuik was in darkness. [44] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlexander_McQueen201215:13–16:20-47) The lights came back up and the show's models came out to take their final turn. [44] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlexander_McQueen201215:13–16:20-47) McQueen came out to take his bow in a white suit, barefoot (/wiki/Barefoot) . He shook hands and embraced De Sole, who had brought McQueen's label into the Gucci Group and supported his work. [1] (#cite_note-harper-2) [22] (#cite_note-:8-23) McQueen later described his barefoot appearance as an indication of "how humbled I felt by what was happening". [1] (#cite_note-harper-2) Reception [ edit ] Positive [ edit ] Contemporary critical response to Pantheon ad Lucem was mixed; reviewers were divided about the subdued clothing and runway show. [16] (#cite_note-vogue-17) [26] (#cite_note-:3-27) [45] (#cite_note-:5-48) Some felt the clothing looked fresh and modern. [24] (#cite_note-:1-25) [46] (#cite_note-49) [47] (#cite_note-:02-50) For The New York Times , Cathy Horyn (/wiki/Cathy_Horyn) wrote that only McQueen and Miuccia Prada (/wiki/Miuccia_Prada) had made a "leap of faith" that season and created designs that looked ahead, rather than following contemporary trends. [48] (#cite_note-:23-51) Michael Fink, a market director for Saks Fifth Avenue (/wiki/Saks_Fifth_Avenue) , told Women's Wear Daily ( WWD ) that he interpreted McQueen's "sci-fi fantasy" designs as part of a trend for designers to "search for what's modern". [47] (#cite_note-:02-50) For The Independent (/wiki/The_Independent) , Susannah Frankel (/wiki/Susannah_Frankel) felt McQueen "rose to the challenge beautifully", calling the final dresses a "futuristic fashion moment". [49] (#cite_note-:9-52) Some critics described the collection's restraint as a response to an industry in which many designers had become reliant on complicated designs and runway shenanigans. [16] (#cite_note-vogue-17) [20] (#cite_note-Booth-21) [50] (#cite_note-:7-53) The staff reviewer from WWD noted that the "eerie austerity" was an inverted manifestation of McQueen's "characteristic lavishness". [45] (#cite_note-:5-48) Sarah Mower of Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) and Jess Cartner-Morley (/wiki/Jess_Cartner-Morley) at The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) both felt the pared-down designs were a smart move, positioning McQueen as uniquely forward-looking compared to his peers. [16] (#cite_note-vogue-17) [50] (#cite_note-:7-53) In contrast, Booth Moore for the Los Angeles Times (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times) felt that designers in general were moving towards producing "salable clothes" rather than "runway antics". [20] (#cite_note-Booth-21) Many reviewers highlighted the technical excellence of the designs as the collection's best feature. [21] (#cite_note-:10-22) [35] (#cite_note-Graham-37) Cartner-Morley wrote one of the few strongly positive reviews, saying the "bare-bones production revealed how well McQueen's clothes, with their impeccable shape and finish, stand up to scrutiny". [50] (#cite_note-:7-53) Horyn directed viewers to ignore the science fiction elements and focus on the cut and the silhouette of the garments, which she found unique. [48] (#cite_note-:23-51) WWD wrote that the designs showcased McQueen's technical competence and ability "to make ultra-complicated shapes utterly wearable (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/wearable) ". [45] (#cite_note-:5-48) The draped evening gowns were also a hit for many. [20] (#cite_note-Booth-21) [25] (#cite_note-:6-26) Frankel highlighted the clingy jersey and leather garments as the collection's best, and noted the use of "complex seams" to allow tweed items to be similarly figure-hugging. [49] (#cite_note-:9-52) In her review for the International Herald Tribune , Suzy Menkes (/wiki/Suzy_Menkes) found the draped gowns "connected beautifully with the body". [21] (#cite_note-:10-22) Moore called the evening wear "exciting" and suitable for red carpet wear (/wiki/Red_carpet_fashion) . [20] (#cite_note-Booth-21) Reviewers felt McQueen's reliance on familiar silhouettes was intended to highlight his strong suits as a designer. Mower suggested that McQueen "seemed to be trying to summarize the essence of his design identity" with these items. [16] (#cite_note-vogue-17) Vanessa Friedman (/wiki/Vanessa_Friedman) of the Financial Times (/wiki/Financial_Times) connected the collection's self-referential styling to McQueen turning down the head designer position at YSL. [26] (#cite_note-:3-27) Moore thought McQueen was trying to show his financial backers at Gucci Group that he was a serious designer in his own right, and could produce commercially viable clothing. [20] (#cite_note-Booth-21) Negative [ edit ] As for theatrics, he couldn't help himself in the finale. Three models waddled out in incandescent dresses with wide, angular tops and bottoms and tiny waists, which made them look like Scandinavian-designed salt and pepper shakers. Booth Moore, Los Angeles Times (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times) review of the collection [20] (#cite_note-Booth-21) Despite these positive notes, there was a general feeling that the collection was not a success. [16] (#cite_note-vogue-17) [21] (#cite_note-:10-22) [51] (#cite_note-:11-54) WWD complained that the limited palette made the clothing feel dull and repetitive at times. [45] (#cite_note-:5-48) Robin Givhan (/wiki/Robin_Givhan) from The Washington Post found the collection lacked variety, and wrote that "McQueen seemed to retreat to the safety of overzealous tailoring and goofball flourishes" rather than challenging himself. [22] (#cite_note-:8-23) Friedman felt the show was "missing his usual dramatic charge", but thought that some designs had a "subtle power". [26] (#cite_note-:3-27) Mower concluded that Pantheon lacked McQueen's signature theatricality and "didn't quite live up to expectations". [16] (#cite_note-vogue-17) Both Menkes and Maggie Alderson (/wiki/Maggie_Alderson) at The Sydney Morning Herald compared the collection unfavourably to McQueen's previous show, Deliverance (Spring/Summer 2004). [21] (#cite_note-:10-22) [51] (#cite_note-:11-54) Many reviewers thought the science fiction elements hampered the collection. Menkes wrote that the collection felt like 1960s Space Age fashion (/wiki/Space_Age_fashion) and compared several items to costumes from Star Trek . [21] (#cite_note-:10-22) Moore felt many designs were "too Queen Amidala (/wiki/Queen_Amidala) to be wearable". [20] (#cite_note-Booth-21) Stephen Todd of The Australian (/wiki/The_Australian) found there was "something disturbing" about the restrictive structure of some of the jackets and dresses, and ultimately felt that he did not understand the collection. [25] (#cite_note-:6-26) At the Toronto Star (/wiki/Toronto_Star) , David Graham felt the alien styling "looked like a face-lift gone too far". [35] (#cite_note-Graham-37) Retrospective [ edit ] According to WWD , Pantheon ad Lucem had the 12th-highest pageviews at Style.com (/wiki/Style.com) for the season. [52] (#cite_note-55) McQueen told Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) in August 2004 that he was unsure "if the press liked the collection much", but said it was selling "phenomenally" at retail. [1] (#cite_note-harper-2) In retrospect, McQueen's biographers tend to see Pantheon as one of McQueen's less significant works, devoting little analysis to it. Judith Watt, in her biography of McQueen, reports the collection as a disappointment to the audience, who had come to expect the designer to present them with " bread and circuses (/wiki/Bread_and_circuses) ". [27] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012211-28) However, she felt that the collection embodied "artful simplicity", writing that the draped bias-cut dresses demonstrated McQueen's understanding of how fabric worked with the body. [27] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatt2012211-28) Katherine Gleason, in her book Alexander McQueen: Evolution , found the collection "elegant and wearable". [37] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGleason2012121-39) Andrew Wilson (/wiki/Andrew_Wilson_(author)) barely remarks on the clothing in Blood Beneath the Skin , and journalist Dana Thomas (/wiki/Dana_Thomas) omits the show entirely from Gods and Kings (/wiki/Gods_and_Kings:_The_Rise_and_Fall_of_Alexander_McQueen_and_John_Galliano) . [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015290-9) [53] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2015416-56) In the Little Book of Alexander McQueen , Karen Homer wrote that McQueen had successfully created a collection which pared his designs down to "his signature styles", but had done so "at the cost of an impressive show". [54] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHomer202390-57) Analysis and legacy [ edit ] Fashion journalist Alex Fury argued that Pantheon was an example of McQueen expressing his vision "through the bodies of his models" rather than through elaborate set dressing. [18] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFury2015224–225-19) Wilson felt that the final scene, in which Kuik seemed to await being taken by aliens to another dimension, "articulated McQueen's desire for transcendence". [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2015290-9) Kristin Knox suggested that the exaggerated necklines from Looks 52 through 54 were visual precursors of the highly structured silhouettes he presented in The Girl Who Lived in the Tree (/wiki/The_Girl_Who_Lived_in_the_Tree) (Autumn/Winter 2008) and The Horn of Plenty (/w/index.php?title=The_Horn_of_Plenty&action=edit&redlink=1) (Autumn/Winter 2009). [31] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnox201060-33) She wrote that the collection marked "the evolution of his designs from fashions simply worn by models to designs integrated with their human carriers, becoming an organic part of them, like a second skin". [31] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnox201060-33) The showpiece finale gown appeared in a photoshoot in the December 2004 edition of Vogue , without the "Orchid" shoulder-piece. It was modelled by McQueen's friend Erin O'Connor (/wiki/Erin_O%27Connor) and photographed by Tim Walker (/wiki/Tim_Walker) . [55] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFox2012104–105-58) The floor-length Greek-inspired column dress from Look 14 was popular in red carpet fashion that season. [16] (#cite_note-vogue-17) [56] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKnox201058-59) McQueen returned to Greek-inspired ensembles and the work of Azzedine Alaïa (/wiki/Azzedine_Ala%C3%AFa) for Neptune (/wiki/Neptune_(Alexander_McQueen_collection)) (Spring/Summer 2006). [57] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2015333-60) [58] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBethune2015317-61) No clothing from Pantheon appeared in the 2011 retrospective Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty , but two pieces of jewellery by Shaun Leane were selected for the exhibit's "Cabinet of Curiosities" section: the "Orchid" shoulder-piece worn in the final look, and a pair of disc earrings in copper. [40] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBolton2011235-42) One dress and one pair of boots from Pantheon appeared in the 2022 exhibition Lee Alexander McQueen: Mind, Mythos, Muse. [59] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsguerraHansen202290,_170-62) Curators described the dress as an example of how McQueen's "proficiency in piecing (/wiki/Piecing) translates into garments that generate sinuous movement around the body". [60] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsguerraHansen202291-63) In 2017, McQueen's longtime collaborator Shaun Leane (/wiki/Shaun_Leane_(jeweller)) auctioned a number of pieces he had created for the house at Sotheby's (/wiki/Sotheby%27s) in New York. The "Orchid" shoulder-piece sold for $43,750. [61] (#cite_note-64) Notes [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Often misspelled Pantheon as Lucem , Pantheon ad Lecum , or Pantheon as Lecum ^ (#cite_ref-31) When referring to individual looks, this article uses the numbering from the Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) review of the collection. Their overview is missing an orchid-printed wrap dress that appears following Look 50; look numbers mentioned in this article have not been adjusted. [29] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlexander_McQueen201213:00–13:15-30) [16] (#cite_note-vogue-17) ^ (#cite_ref-44) Vogue 's overview of the collection incorrectly counts McQueen's white finale getup as Look 55. Their overview is missing an orchid-printed wrap dress that appears following Look 50, and consequently their count is off by one. [29] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlexander_McQueen201213:00–13:15-30) [16] (#cite_note-vogue-17) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Armstrong, Lisa (August 2004). "The diary of a dress" (https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f6h&AN=13919034&site=eds-live&scope=site) . Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) . No. 3513. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240511123845/https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f6h&AN=13919034&site=eds-live&scope=site) from the original on 11 May 2024 . Retrieved 28 January 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Alexander McQueen – an introduction" (https://www.vam.ac.uk/articles/alexander-mcqueen-an-introduction) . Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210317231608/https://www.vam.ac.uk/articles/alexander-mcqueen-an-introduction) from the original on 17 March 2021 . Retrieved 25 June 2024 . ^ Jump up to: a b Mora, Juliana Luna; Berry, Jess (2 September 2022). "Creative Direction Succession in Luxury Fashion: The Illusion of Immortality at Chanel and Alexander McQueen" (https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/20511817.2022.2194039) . Luxury . 9 (2–3): 126, 128, 132. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1080/20511817.2022.2194039 (https://doi.org/10.1080%2F20511817.2022.2194039) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 2051-1817 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2051-1817) . 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Lee Alexander McQueen: Mind, Mythos, Muse . New York City: Delmonico Books. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-63681-018-8 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1289986708 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1289986708) . Fairer, Robert (/wiki/Robert_Fairer) ; Wilcox, Claire (/wiki/Claire_Wilcox) (2016). Alexander McQueen: Unseen . New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press (/wiki/Yale_University_Press) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-300-22267-8 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 946216643 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/946216643) . Fox, Chloe (2012). Vogue On: Alexander McQueen . Vogue on Designers. London: Quadrille Publishing. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1849491136 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 828766756 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/828766756) . Gleason, Katherine (2012). Alexander McQueen: Evolution . New York City: Race Point Publishing (/wiki/Race_Point_Publishing) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-61058-837-9 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 783147416 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/783147416) . Homer, Karen (2023). Little Book of Alexander McQueen: The Story of the Iconic Brand . London: Welbeck Publishing Group (/wiki/Welbeck_Publishing_Group) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-80279-270-6 . Knox, Kristin (2010). Alexander McQueen: Genius of a Generation . London: A&C Black (/wiki/A%26C_Black) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4081-3223-4 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 794296806 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/794296806) . Thomas, Dana (/wiki/Dana_Thomas) (2015). Gods and Kings: The Rise and Fall of Alexander McQueen and John Galliano . New York City: Penguin Publishing (/wiki/Penguin_Publishing) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-101-61795-3 . Watt, Judith (2012). Alexander McQueen: The Life and the Legacy . New York City: Harper Design (/wiki/Harper_Design) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-84796-085-6 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 892706946 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/892706946) . Wilcox, Claire, ed. (2015). Alexander McQueen . New York City: Abrams Books (/wiki/Abrams_Books) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4197-1723-9 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 891618596 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/891618596) . Bethune, Kate. "Encyclopedia of Collections". In Wilcox (2015) (#CITEREFWilcox2015) , pp. 303–326. Fury, Alex. "Show, and Tell". In Wilcox (2015) (#CITEREFWilcox2015) , pp. 220–233. O'Neill, Alistair. "The Shining and Chic". In Wilcox (2015) (#CITEREFWilcox2015) , pp. 261–280. Wilson, Andrew (/wiki/Andrew_Wilson_(author)) (2015). Alexander McQueen: Blood Beneath the Skin . New York City: Simon and Schuster (/wiki/Simon_and_Schuster) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4767-7674-3 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1310585849 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1310585849) . 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(Redirected from Passionist habit (/w/index.php?title=Passionist_habit&redirect=no) ) Distinctive set of garments worn by members of a religious order This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Religious_habit) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Religious habit" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Religious+habit%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Religious+habit%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Religious+habit%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Religious+habit%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Religious+habit%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Religious+habit%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( February 2021 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) St. Anthony the Great (/wiki/Anthony_the_Great) , wearing the habit of a Coptic (/wiki/Coptic_Orthodox_Church_of_Alexandria) monk. Part of a series (/wiki/Category:Formal_wear) on Western dress codes (/wiki/Western_dress_codes) and corresponding attires (/wiki/Clothing) Formal (/wiki/Formal_wear) ( full dress (/wiki/Western_dress_codes#Full_dress,_half_dress,_and_undress) ) White tie (/wiki/White_tie) Morning dress (/wiki/Morning_dress) Full dress uniform (/wiki/Full_dress_uniform) Frock coat (/wiki/Frock_coat) Evening gown (/wiki/Evening_gown) Ball gown (/wiki/Ball_gown) Semi-formal (/wiki/Semi-formal_wear) ( half dress (/wiki/Western_dress_codes#Full_dress,_half_dress,_and_undress) ) Black tie (/wiki/Black_tie) Black lounge suit (/wiki/Black_lounge_suit) Mess dress uniform (/wiki/Mess_dress_uniform) Evening gown (/wiki/Evening_gown) Cocktail dress (/wiki/Cocktail_dress) Informal (/wiki/Informal_wear) ( undress (/wiki/Western_dress_codes#Full_dress,_half_dress,_and_undress) , "dress clothes") Suit (/wiki/Suit) Service dress uniform (/wiki/Service_dress_uniform) Cocktail dress (/wiki/Cocktail_dress) Pantsuit (/wiki/Pantsuit) Casual (/wiki/Casual_wear) (anything not above) Business casual (/wiki/Business_casual) Casual Friday (/wiki/Casual_Friday) Combat uniform (/wiki/Combat_uniform) Smart casual (/wiki/Smart_casual) Workwear (/wiki/Workwear) Streetwear (/wiki/Streetwear) Sportswear (/wiki/Sportswear) known as Sportswear (fashion) (/wiki/Sportswear_(fashion)) and Athleisure (/wiki/Athleisure) Undress (/wiki/Undress_code) Supplementary alternatives Ceremonial dress (/wiki/Ceremonial_dress) law courts (/wiki/Court_dress) royal courts (/wiki/Court_uniform_and_dress_in_the_United_Kingdom) diplomatic (/wiki/Diplomatic_uniform) academic (/wiki/Academic_dress) , etc. Religious clothing (/wiki/Religious_clothing) cassock (/wiki/Cassock) , habit , etc. Folk costume (/wiki/Folk_costume) Distinctions Orders (/wiki/Order_(distinction)) medals (/wiki/Medal) , etc. Legend: = Day (before 6 p.m.) = Evening (after 6 p.m.) = Bow tie (/wiki/Bow_tie) colour = Ladies = Gentlemen Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) v t e A religious habit is a distinctive set of religious clothing (/wiki/Religious_clothing) worn by members of a religious order (/wiki/Religious_order) . Traditionally some plain garb recognizable as a religious habit has also been worn by those leading the religious eremitic (/wiki/Hermit) and anchoritic (/wiki/Anchorite) life, although in their case without conformity to a particular uniform style. Uniformity and distinctiveness by order often evolved and changed over time. Interpretation of terms for clothes in religious rules could change over centuries. Furthermore, every time new communities gained importance in a cultural area the need for visual separation increased for new as well as old communities. Thus, modern habits are rooted in historic forms, but do not necessarily resemble them in cut, colour, material, detail or use. In Christian monastic (/wiki/Christian_monasticism) orders of the Catholic (/wiki/Catholic_church) , Lutheran (/wiki/Lutheranism) and Anglican (/wiki/Anglicanism) Churches, the habit often consists of a tunic (/wiki/Tunic) covered by a scapular (/wiki/Scapular) and cowl (/wiki/Cowl) , with a hood for monks (/wiki/Monk) or friars (/wiki/Friar) and a veil (/wiki/Veil) for nuns (/wiki/Nun) ; in apostolic orders it may be a distinctive form of cassock (/wiki/Cassock) for men, or a distinctive habit and veil for women. Catholic Canon Law (/wiki/Canon_Law) requires only that the garb of their members be in some way identifiable so that the person may serve as a witness of the Evangelical counsels (/wiki/Evangelical_counsels) . In many orders, the conclusion of postulancy (/wiki/Postulant) and the beginning of the novitiate (/wiki/Novitiate) is marked by a ceremony, in which the new novice is accepted as a novice and then clothed in the community's habit by the superior (/wiki/General_superior) . In some cases the novice's habit will be somewhat different from the customary habit: for instance, in certain orders of women that use the veil (/wiki/Veil) , it is common for novices to wear a white veil while professed members wear black, or if the order generally wears white, the novice wears a grey veil. Among some Franciscan (/wiki/Franciscan) communities of men, novices wear a sort of overshirt over their tunic; Carthusian (/wiki/Carthusian) novices wear a black cloak over their white habit. Buddhism [ edit ] Monks from Central Asia (/wiki/Central_Asia) and China (/wiki/China) wearing traditional kāṣāya; Bezeklik (/wiki/Bezeklik) , Eastern Tarim Basin (/wiki/Tarim_Basin) , China, 9th–10th century Kāṣāya ( Sanskrit (/wiki/Sanskrit_language) : काषाय , romanized (/wiki/Romanization_of_Sanskrit) : kāṣāya ; Pali (/wiki/Pali) : kasāva; Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 袈裟 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : jiāshā ; Cantonese Jyutping (/wiki/Jyutping) : gaa 1 saa 1 ; Japanese (/wiki/Japanese_language) : 袈裟 kesa ; Korean (/wiki/Korean_language) : 袈裟 가사 gasa ; Vietnamese (/wiki/Vietnamese_language) : cà-sa ), "chougu" ( Tibetan (/wiki/Standard_Tibetan) ) are the robes of Buddhist (/wiki/Buddhism) monks (/wiki/Bhikkhu) and nuns (/wiki/Bhikkhuni) , named after a brown or saffron dye. In Sanskrit and Pali, these robes are also given the more general term cīvara , which references the robes without regard to color. Origin and construction [ edit ] An early representation of the Buddha (/wiki/Gautama_Buddha) wearing kāṣāya robes, in the Hellenistic (/wiki/Hellenistic) style Buddhist kāṣāya are said to have originated in India (/wiki/India) as set of robes for the devotees of Gautama Buddha (/wiki/Gautama_Buddha) . A notable variant has a pattern reminiscent of an Asian rice field. Original kāṣāya were constructed of discarded fabric (/wiki/Textile) . These were stitched together to form three rectangular pieces of cloth, which were then fitted over the body in a specific manner. The three main pieces of cloth are the antarvāsa , the uttarāsaṅga , and the saṃghāti . [1] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKieschnick200390-1) Together they form the "triple robe", or tricīvara . The tricīvara is described more fully in the Theravāda (/wiki/Therav%C4%81da) Vinaya (/wiki/Vinaya) (Vin 1:94 289). Uttarāsaṅga [ edit ] A robe covering the upper body. It is worn over the undergarment, or antarvāsa. In representations of the Buddha, the uttarāsaṅga rarely appears as the uppermost garment, since it is often covered by the outer robe, or saṃghāti. Saṃghāti [ edit ] The saṃghāti is an outer robe used for various occasions. It comes over the upper robe ( uttarāsaṅga ), and the undergarment ( antarvāsa ). In representations of the Buddha, the saṃghāti is usually the most visible garment, with the undergarment or uttarāsaṅga protruding at the bottom. It is quite similar in shape to the Greek himation (/wiki/Himation) , and its shape and folds have been treated in Greek style in the Greco-Buddhist art (/wiki/Greco-Buddhist_art) of Gandhāra (/wiki/Gandh%C4%81ra) . Additions [ edit ] Other items that may have been worn with the triple robe were: a waist cloth, the kushalaka a buckled belt, the samakaksika Indian depiction of the Buddha wearing red robes; Sanskrit manuscript, Nālandā (/wiki/N%C4%81land%C4%81) , Bihar (/wiki/Bihar) , India, Pāla period Kāṣāya in Indian Buddhism [ edit ] In India, variations of the kāṣāya robe distinguished different types of monastics. These represented the different schools that they belonged to, and their robes ranged widely from red and ochre, to blue and black. [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKieschnick200389-2) Between 148 and 170 CE, the Parthian (/wiki/Parthia) monk An Shigao (/wiki/An_Shigao) came to China and translated a work which describes the color of monastic robes utilized in five major Indian Buddhist sects, called Dà Bǐqiū Sānqiān Wēiyí (Ch. 大比丘三千威儀). [3] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHino200455-3) Another text translated at a later date, the Śariputraparipṛcchā , contains a very similar passage corroborating this information, but the colors for the Sarvāstivāda and Dharmaguptaka sects are reversed. [4] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHino200455–56-4) [5] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTESujato2012i-5) Nikāya Dà Bǐqiū Sānqiān Wēiyí Śariputraparipṛcchā Sarvāstivāda (/wiki/Sarvastivada) Deep Red Black Dharmaguptaka (/wiki/Dharmaguptaka) Black Deep Red Mahāsāṃghika (/wiki/Mahasamghika) Yellow Yellow Mahīśāsaka (/wiki/Mahisasaka) Blue Blue Kaśyapīya (/wiki/Kasyapiya) Magnolia Magnolia In traditions of Tibetan Buddhism (/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism) , which follow the Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya, red robes are regarded as characteristic of the Mūlasarvāstivādins. [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMohrTsedroen2010266-6) According to Dudjom Rinpoche from the tradition of Tibetan Buddhism, the robes of fully ordained Mahāsāṃghika monastics were to be sewn out of more than seven sections, but no more than twenty-three sections. [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTERinpoche199916-7) The symbols sewn on the robes were the endless knot (/wiki/Endless_knot) (Skt. śrīvatsa ) and the conch shell (Skt. śaṅkha ), two of the Eight Auspicious Signs (/wiki/Ashtamangala) in Buddhism. [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTERinpoche199916-7) Jiāshā in Chinese Buddhism [ edit ] In Chinese Buddhism (/wiki/Chinese_Buddhism) , the kāṣāya is called gāsā (Ch. 袈裟). During the early period of Chinese Buddhism (/wiki/Chinese_Buddhism) , the most common color was red. Later, the color of the robes came to serve as a way to distinguish monastics, just as they did in India. However, the colors of a Chinese Buddhist monastic's robes often corresponded to their geographical region rather than to any specific schools. [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKieschnick200389-2) By the maturation of Chinese Buddhism, only the Dharmaguptaka ordination lineage was still in use, and therefore the color of robes served no useful purpose as a designation for sects, the way that it had in India. Kesa in Japanese Buddhism [ edit ] Japanese Buddhist priest's mantle ( kesa ), 1775–1825, LACMA (/wiki/LACMA) textile collections In Japanese Buddhism (/wiki/Japanese_Buddhism) , the kāṣāya is known as the kesa ( 袈裟 ) . In Japan, during the Edo (/wiki/Edo_period) and Meiji periods (/wiki/Meiji_period) , kesa were sometimes pieced together from the theatrical kimono (/wiki/Kimono) used in Noh theatre (/wiki/Noh_theatre) . Christianity [ edit ] Religious clothing includes habits Catholicism [ edit ] Pope John Paul II (/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II) in his post-apostolic Exhortation Vita consecrata (1996) says concerning the religious habit of consecrated (/wiki/Consecrated_life) persons: §25 [...] The Church must always seek to make her presence visible in everyday life, especially in contemporary culture, which is often very secularized and yet sensitive to the language of signs. In this regard the Church has a right to expect a significant contribution from consecrated persons, called as they are in every situation to bear clear witness that they belong to Christ. Since the habit is a sign of consecration, poverty and membership in a particular Religious family, I join the Fathers of the Synod in strongly recommending to men and women religious that they wear their proper habit, suitably adapted to the conditions of time and place. Where valid reasons of their apostolate call for it, Religious, in conformity with the norms of their Institute, may also dress in a simple and modest manner, with an appropriate symbol, in such a way that their consecration is recognizable. Institutes which from their origin or by provision of their Constitutions do not have a specific habit should ensure that the dress of their members corresponds in dignity and simplicity to the nature of their vocation. Nuns [ edit ] A nun of the Poor Clares of Perpetual Adoration (/wiki/Poor_Clares_of_Perpetual_Adoration) in her cloister Traditional Catholic nuns The religious habits of Catholic nuns typically consist of the following elements: Tunic : This is the central piece of the habit. It is a loose dress made of serge (/wiki/Serge_(fabric)) fabric pleated at the neck and draping to the ground. It can be worn pinned up in the front or in the back to allow the nun to work. Scapular (/wiki/Scapular) : This symbolic apron hangs from both front and back; it is worn over the tunic, and Benedictine (/wiki/Benedictine) nuns also wear it over the belt, whereas some other orders wear it tied under the belt. Cincture : The habit is often secured around the waist with a belt of leather, wool or a lanyard. The cincture of the Franciscan orders has three (or four) knots standing for the vows. Coif (/wiki/Coif) : This is the garment's headpiece and includes the white cotton cap secured by a bandeau (/wiki/Bandeau) and a white wimple (/wiki/Wimple) (to cover the neck and cheeks) and guimpe (/wiki/Guimpe) (to cover the chest, similar to a short cape) of starched linen, cotton, or (today) polyester. It is sometimes covered by a thin layer of black crêpe (/wiki/Cr%C3%AApe_(textile)) . Veil (/wiki/Black_veil) : This element is worn pinned over the coif head coverings. Some veils can be worn down to cover the face or up to expose it. The veil sometimes includes a white underveil as well. The colour of the veil depends as well from the habit of the order and the status of the sister or nun (novices or postulants wear differently coloured veils than the professed sisters and nuns). The coif and veil were common items of clothing for married women in medieval Europe. [ citation needed ] Different orders adhere to different styles of dress; these styles have changed over time. Sisters [ edit ] Sisters of the Daughters of Mary in traditional habit Missionaries of Charity (/wiki/Missionaries_of_Charity) sisters in Haiti, wearing the order's traditional white sari with blue stripes This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religious_habit&action=edit&section=) . ( February 2021 ) Historically, the religious habit of Catholic sisters (/wiki/Religious_sister) was a visible sign of a woman's consecration to God. [8] (#cite_note-8) Different orders adhere to different styles of dress; these styles have changed over time. For example, in former times, the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul (/wiki/Daughters_of_Charity_of_Saint_Vincent_de_Paul) wore a cornette (/wiki/Cornette) instead of a veil. Due the ecclesiastical document Perfectae caritatis (/wiki/Perfectae_caritatis) , many congregations decided to simplify their habits, to conform to the attire of the culture they are working in, or to even discard their use entirely. While styles vary, for those wearing the traditional habit, three pieces are consistently worn: tunic (robe), belt/cincture, veil. The habit of some Dominican Sisters (/wiki/Dominican_Sisters) consists of a tunic, belt (cincture), scapular, veil, rosary, and on formal occasions a cappa (mantle). [9] (#cite_note-9) Even for orders that have chosen not to wear a habit, these sisters often share a common appearance: calf-length skirt, blouse or sweater, visible cross necklace. Monks [ edit ] Carthusian monks of the Chartreuse de Portes Monks in the Catholic church wear a tunic, a cincture (/wiki/Cincture) , a hooded scapular, and, for the Liturgy of the Hours (/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Hours) , a mantle (novices) or a cowl (professed monks). [ citation needed ] Friars [ edit ] This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religious_habit&action=edit&section=) . ( February 2021 ) Canons regular [ edit ] This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religious_habit&action=edit&section=) . ( February 2021 ) Owing to the different traditions and origins that exist, there is no singular common habit worn by the Canons Regular (/wiki/Canons_Regular) . Historically the common habit was the distinctive white cassock, with white fascia, over time some communities of Canons have changed to wearing the black cassock with black fascia. The only item of the habit that is common to all Canons is the linen rochet (/wiki/Rochet) a mark of the canonical status. In the Netherlands, some wore a cacullae (a small asymmetrical black cope (/wiki/Cope) of cloth or sheepskin.) Some communities of canons, notably in Austria and Switzerland wear a sarotium, coming from the Latin sacrum rochettum , 'the sacred rochet'. It is a thin band of linen worn over the cassock when not in choir. As part of their choir dress, some communities of Canons wear a mozzetta, either black or purple over the rochet. Outdoors Canons wear a black cloak and hood, but again adaptations have been made to this in some of the communities. Canons also traditionally wore a biretta (/wiki/Biretta) . Clergy [ edit ] This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religious_habit&action=edit&section=) . ( March 2017 ) Usually, secular priests (/wiki/Secular_clergy) wear either a black cassock (/wiki/Cassock) or an ordinary men's garb in black or another dark color along with a white clerical collar (/wiki/Clerical_collar) . White cassocks or clothes may be worn in hot climates. Also, a ferraiolo (a kind of cope) could be worn along with the cassock. Priests also traditionally wore a biretta (/wiki/Biretta) along with the cassock. Deacons, priests, and bishops belonging to religious institutes (/wiki/Religious_institute) wear the habit of their institute. Abbot or cardinal [ edit ] Main article: Pontifical vestments (/wiki/Pontifical_vestments) Latin Church (/wiki/Latin_Church) clergy other than bishops, in particular any who are abbots (/wiki/Abbot) or apostolic prefects (/wiki/Apostolic_prefect) or ordinary of a personal ordinariate, may wear pontifical items. Mitre, crosier and ring are bestowed on an abbot at his blessing and the pectoral cross is a customary part of an abbatial habit. [ citation needed ] Catholic habits gallery [ edit ] The religious habit of the Carmelite Order (/wiki/Carmelites) is brown and includes the Scapular of Our Lady of Mount Carmel (/wiki/Scapular_of_Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel) (also known as Brown Scapular) The religious habit of the Hieronymite enclosed monks and nuns (/wiki/Hieronymites) is white and includes a brown scapular The religious habit of the Sisters of the Good Shepherd (/wiki/Congregation_of_Our_Lady_of_Charity_of_the_Good_Shepherd) (and also of the Sisters from the Order of Our Lady of Charity) is white, with a white scapular, a black veil and a large silver heart on the breast The religious habit of the Sisters of Mary Reparatrix (/wiki/Sisters_of_Mary_Reparatrix) is white, with a blue scapular, a white and blue veil and a large golden heart on the breast The religious habit of the Franciscan (/wiki/Franciscan) Order of Friars Minor (/wiki/Friars_Minor) and Friars Minor Capuchin (/wiki/Order_of_Friars_Minor_Capuchin) is usually brown or gray; the habit of the Order of Friars Minor Conventual (/wiki/Conventual_Franciscans) and Third Order Regular is black, although the Order of Friars Minor Conventual is returning to the grey habit worldwide The religious habit of the Benedictines (/wiki/Benedictines) is black (the style varies depending upon the monastery) The religious habit of the Carthusians (/wiki/Carthusians) is white. A similar habit is used by the Monastic Family of Bethlehem, of the Assumption of the Virgin and of Saint Bruno (/wiki/Monastic_Family_of_Bethlehem,_of_the_Assumption_of_the_Virgin_and_of_Saint_Bruno) The religious habit of the Dominicans (/wiki/Dominican_Order) is black and white Cistercians (/wiki/Cistercians) in their religious habit (with the black scapular (/wiki/Scapular) ) The religious habit of the Clarisses (/wiki/Clarisses) (also known as Poor Clares (/wiki/Poor_Clares) ) is brown, with a black veil The religious habit of the Sisters of the Annunciation (/wiki/Order_of_the_Annunciation_of_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary) is white, with a red scapular and a black veil The religious habit (based on the Indian sari (/wiki/Sari) ) of the Missionaries of Charity (/wiki/Missionaries_of_Charity) , founded by Mother Teresa of Calcutta (/wiki/Mother_Teresa) The religious habit of the Trinitarian Order (/wiki/Trinitarian_Order) is white with a distinctive cross with a blue horizontal bar and a red vertical bar The religious habit of the Sisters of the Incarnate Word and Blessed Sacrament (/wiki/Order_of_the_Incarnate_Word_and_Blessed_Sacrament) is white, with a red scapular and a black veil Oratorians (/wiki/Oratory_of_Jesus) wear roughly the same vestments as parish priests (/wiki/Priest) . The distinctive Oratorian clerical collar consists of white cloth that folds over the collar all around the neck. Sisters belonging to the Daughters of Charity (/wiki/Daughters_of_Charity_of_Saint_Vincent_de_Paul) with the cornette which used to be common Religious habit of a Trappist (/wiki/Trappists) monk Religious habit of a Premonstratensian (/wiki/Premonstratensian) canon Pauline (/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Paul_the_First_Hermit) Pius Przeździecki The Mercedarians (/wiki/Mercedarian_Order) wear white The religious habit of a Minims (/wiki/Minims_(religious_order)) friar; it consists of a black tunic, a scapular with a capuche and a black cincture with four knots (four vows) Lutheranism [ edit ] In Lutheranism (/wiki/Lutheranism) , various religious orders (/wiki/Religious_order) have a habit of a different colour. The Daughters of Mary (/wiki/Daughters_of_Mary_(Lutheran)) wear a blue habit. [10] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDuBois201790-10) Anglicanism [ edit ] Further information: Anglican religious order (/wiki/Anglican_religious_order) Eastern Orthodoxy [ edit ] The Analavos , worn by Orthodox monks and nuns of the Great Schema The Eastern Orthodox Church (/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church) does not have distinct religious orders such as those in the Catholic Church. The habit ( Greek (/wiki/Greek_language) : Σχήμα , romanized (/wiki/Romanization_of_Greek) : Schēma ) is essentially the same throughout the world. The normal monastic color is black, symbolic of repentance and simplicity. The habits of monks and nuns are identical; additionally, nuns wear a scarf, called an apostolnik (/wiki/Apostolnik) . The habit is bestowed in degrees, as the monk or nun advances in the spiritual life. There are three degrees: (1) the beginner, known as the Rassaphore ('robe bearer') (2) the intermediate, known as the Stavrophore ('cross bearer'), and (3) the Great Schema worn by Great Schema Monks or Nuns. Only the last, the Schemamonk or Schemanun, the monastic of the highest degree, wears the full habit. The habit is formally bestowed upon monks and nuns at the ceremony known as the tonsure (/wiki/Tonsure) (Greek κουρά ). The parts of the Eastern Orthodox habit are: Inner Rason ( Greek (/wiki/Greek_language) : Έσώρασον , Ζωστικὸν or Ἀντερί , Esórason ; Slavonic (/wiki/Church_Slavonic) : Podryásnik ): The inner rason (/wiki/Cassock#Eastern_practice_.28Orthodox_and_Eastern_Catholic.29) (cassock) is the innermost garment. It is a long, collared garment coming to the feet, with narrow, tapered sleeves. Unlike the Roman cassock, it is double-breasted. The inner rason is the basic garment and is worn at all times, even when working. It is often given to novices (/wiki/Novice) and seminarians (/wiki/Seminarian) , though this differs from community to community. The inner rason is also worn by chanters (/wiki/Chanter) , readers (/wiki/Reader_(liturgy)) , and the married clergy. For monks and nuns, it symbolizes the vow (/wiki/Religious_vows) of poverty (/wiki/Poverty#Relative_poverty) . Belt (Greek: Ζώνη , Zone ; Slavonic: Poyas ): The belt worn by Orthodox monks and nuns is normally leather, though sometimes it is of cloth. In the Russian tradition, married clergy, as well as the higher monastic clergy, may wear a cloth belt that is finely embroidered (/wiki/Embroidery) , especially on feast days (/wiki/Great_Feasts) . The belt is symbolic of the vow of chastity (/wiki/Chastity) . Paramand (Greek: Παραμανδύας , Paramandýas ; Slavonic: Paraman ): The Paramand is a piece of cloth, approximately 5 inches (130 mm) square which is attached by ribbons to a wooden cross. The cloth is embroidered with a cross and the Instruments of the Passion (/wiki/Passion_(Christianity)#Instruments_of_the_Passion) . The wooden cross is worn over the chest, then the ribbons pass over and under the arms, like a yoke (/wiki/Yoke) , and hold the square cloth centered on the back. The paramand is symbolic of the yoke of Christ (Matthew 11:29–30). [11] (#cite_note-11) Outer Rason ( a.k.a. , Greek: εξώρασον, exorason or simply ράσο, raso ; Slavonic: ryasa ): Among the Greeks it is worn by readers and all higher clerics; among the Russians it is worn only by monks, deacons, priests, and bishops. Analavos (Greek: Άνάλαβος; Slavonic: Analav ): The distinctive dress of the Great Schema is the analavos, and it is worn only by Schemamonks and Schemanuns. Traditionally made of either leather or wool, the analavos covers the shoulders, and then comes down in the front and back, forming a cross (see illustration, above right). Polystavrion (Greek: Πολυσταύριον, lit. "many crosses"): The polystavrion is a long cord that has been plaited with numerous crosses forming a yoke that is worn over the analavos to hold it in place. Mantle (Greek: Μανδύας, Mandías ; Slavonic: Mantíya ): The Mantle (/wiki/Mantle_(vesture)) is a long, full cape, joined at the neck which the monastic wears over the other parts of the habit. St. Tikhon of Moscow (/wiki/Tikhon_of_Moscow) wearing the patriarchal white koukoulion Kalymafki (a.k.a. Kalimavkion (/wiki/Kalimavkion) , Greek: καλυμαύκι; Slavonic: klobuk): The distinctive headdress (/wiki/Headdress) of Eastern Orthodox monks and nuns is the kalymafki, a stiffened hat, something like a fez (/wiki/Fez_(clothing)) , only black and with straight sides, covered with a veil (/wiki/Veil) . The veil has lappets which hang down on each side of the head and a stylized hood falling down the back. For monastics of the Great Schema, the kalymafki takes a very distinctive shape, known as a koukoulion (/wiki/Cowl) (cowl), and is embroidered with the Instruments of the Passion. The koukoulion is also worn by the Patriarchs of several local churches, regardless of whether or not he has been tonsured to that degree. In the Slavic tradition, the koukoulion will be in the form of a cloth hood, similar to that worn on the Western cowl. Outside church, monastics wear a soft hat known as a Skufia (/wiki/Skufia) . Again, for Schemamonks and Schemanuns it is embroidered with the Instruments of the Passion. The portions of the habit worn by the various degrees of monastics is as follows: Rasophore Stavrophore Great Schema Inner Rason Inner Rason Inner Rason Belt Belt Belt Paramand Paramand Outer Rason Outer Rason Outer Rason Analavos Mantle (Russian use only) Mantle Polystavrion Kalymafki Kalymafki Koukoulion Eastern Orthodox habits gallery [ edit ] Inner Rason worn by Polish Orthodox Church (/wiki/Polish_Orthodox_Church) cleric Monk at the Mount Athos, 1850s Hinduism [ edit ] This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religious_habit&action=edit&section=) . ( March 2017 ) In Hinduism, religious clothing is a huge element of an individual’s life. [ citation needed ] Most Hindus are known to wear a religious pendant in their daily life to show their faith in God. Hindu women cover their heads with scarf as a sign of respect for not only religion but also their husbands. [ citation needed ] In India, most devoted Hindus are seen wearing a tilak and orange clothing depicting devotion to their religion. [ citation needed ] Most Hindu Pandits (/wiki/Pandit) are either seen in a white or orange (kesari) religious clothing in India. [ citation needed ] Brahmin Hindus are most known for their devotion to the religion among all Hindus. They are seen wearing religious habits at various important moments in their life. [ citation needed ] Islam [ edit ] See also: Islamic clothing (/wiki/Islamic_clothing) Islam does not have religious habits or monastic orders. Muslim ascetics do not have particular uniforms, but rather dress in humble clothing appropriate to their era and region. [ citation needed ] Jainism [ edit ] Female ascetics and Śvetāmbara (/wiki/%C5%9Avet%C4%81mbara) male monks always wear un-stitched or minimally stitched white clothes. Digambara (/wiki/Digambara) Jain monks do not wear clothes. A loin cloth which reaches up to the shins is called a Cholapattak. Another cloth to cover the upper part of the body is called Pangarani (Uttariya Vastra). A cloth that passes over the left shoulder and covers the body up to a little above the ankle is called a Kïmli. Kïmli is a woolen shawl. They also carry a woolen bed sheet and a woolen mat to sit on. Those who wear clothes have a muhapati (/wiki/Muhapati) , which is a square or rectangular piece of cloth of a prescribed measurement, either in their hand or tied on their face covering the mouth. Śvetāmbara ascetics have an Ogho or Rajoharan (a broom of woolen threads) to clean insects around their sitting place or while they are walking. Digambara ascetics have a Morpichhi and a Kamandal in their hands. This practice may vary among different sects of Jains but essential principle remains the same to limit needs. Shinto [ edit ] In Japan, various types of very traditional dress are worn by Shinto (/wiki/Shinto) priests, often dating to styles worn by nobles during the Nara period (/wiki/Nara_period) or Heian period (/wiki/Heian_period) . Hakama (/wiki/Hakama) ( 袴 ) are a type of traditional Japanese clothing (/wiki/Japanese_clothing) , originally worn only by men, but today they are worn by both sexes. There are two types, divided umanori ( 馬乗り , "horse-riding hakama ") and undivided andon bakama ( 行灯袴 , "lantern hakama ") . The umanori type have divided legs, similar to trousers (/wiki/Trousers) , but both types appear similar. Hakama are tied at the waist and fall approximately to the ankles, and are worn over a kimono (/wiki/Kimono) (hakamashita), with the kimono then appearing like a shirt. A Jōe (/wiki/J%C5%8De) ( 浄衣 ) is a garment worn in Japan by people attending religious ceremonies and activities, including Buddhist and Shinto related occasions. Not only Shinto (/wiki/Shinto) and Buddhist priests can be found wearing Jōe at rituals, but laymen as well, for example when participating in pilgrimage such as the Shikoku Pilgrimage (/wiki/Shikoku_Pilgrimage) . The garment is usually white or yellow and is made of linen or silk depending on its kind and use. The Shinto priest who wears the jōe is attired in a peaked cap (/wiki/Cap) called tate-eboshi , an outer tunic called the jōe proper, an outer robe called jōe no sodegukuri no o , an undergarment called hitoe , ballooning trousers called sashinuki or nubakama , and a girdle called jōe no ate-obi . See also [ edit ] Degrees of Eastern Orthodox monasticism (/wiki/Degrees_of_Eastern_Orthodox_monasticism) Religious dress (/wiki/Religious_dress) Tonsure (/wiki/Tonsure) Zucchetto (/wiki/Zucchetto) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKieschnick200390_1-0) Kieschnick 2003 (#CITEREFKieschnick2003) , p. 90. ^ Jump up to: a b Kieschnick 2003 (#CITEREFKieschnick2003) , p. 89. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHino200455_3-0) Hino 2004 (#CITEREFHino2004) , p. 55. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHino200455–56_4-0) Hino 2004 (#CITEREFHino2004) , pp. 55–56. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESujato2012i_5-0) Sujato 2012 (#CITEREFSujato2012) , p. i. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMohrTsedroen2010266_6-0) Mohr & Tsedroen 2010 (#CITEREFMohrTsedroen2010) , p. 266. ^ Jump up to: a b Rinpoche 1999 (#CITEREFRinpoche1999) , p. 16. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Why do nuns (and monks) wear habits?" (https://aleteia.org/2020/07/09/why-do-nuns-and-others-in-religious-life-wear-habits/) . Aleteia — Catholic Spirituality, Lifestyle, World News, and Culture . 2020-07-09 . Retrieved 2024-02-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Our Religious Habit" (https://houstondominicans.org/our-religious-habit) . Dominican Sisters . Retrieved 2021-02-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDuBois201790_10-0) DuBois 2017 (#CITEREFDuBois2017) , p. 90. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Matthew 11:29–30 (https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Matthew%2011:29–30&version=nrsv) Bibliography [ edit ] DuBois, Thomas A. (12 December 2017). Sacred to the Touch: Nordic and Baltic Religious Wood Carving . University of Washington Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-295-74242-7 . Hino, Shoun (2004). Three Mountains and Seven Rivers . Motilal Banarsidass Publ. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-81-208-2468-3 . Kieschnick, John (2003). The Impact of Buddhism on Chinese Material Culture . Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press. Rinpoche, Dudjom (1999). Perfect Conduct: Ascertaining the Three Vows . Wisdom Publications. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0861710836 . Sujato, Bhante (/wiki/Bhante_Sujato) (2012). Sects & Sectarianism: The Origins of Buddhist Schools . Santipada. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781921842085 . Mohr, Thea; Tsedroen, Jampa, eds. (2010). Dignity and Discipline: Reviving Full Ordination for Buddhist Nuns . Simon and Schuster. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0861715886 . Further reading [ edit ] Dwyer-McNulty, Sally (2014). Common Threads: A Cultural History of Clothing in American Catholicism . Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4696-1409-0 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Religious habits (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Religious_habits) . New Catholic Dictionary (https://web.archive.org/web/20070107022157/https://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/ncd03798.htm) Images of medieval monks and nuns in the dress of their Orders (http://www.historyfish.net/monastics/monasticorders.html) (Public Domain images and text) Many photographs of nuns and sisters in the dress of their respective orders (http://www.nunsandsisters.com/Photographs.html) Catholic Sisters International Collection, University of Dayton Special Collections (http://digital.udayton.edu/cdm/landingpage/collection/nuns) (photographs of reproductions of over 130 religious habits) v t e Consecrated life (/wiki/Consecrated_life) in the Catholic Church (/wiki/Catholic_Church) Types (/wiki/Institute_of_consecrated_life) Consecrated virgin (/wiki/Consecrated_virgin) Hermit (/wiki/Hermit) Religious institute (/wiki/Religious_institute) Orders (/wiki/Religious_order_(Catholic)) Monastic (/wiki/Christian_monasticism) Cenobitic (/wiki/Cenobitic_monasticism) Chapter 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Derivative or offshoot of an existing perfume In perfumery (/wiki/Perfumery) , a flanker refers to newly created perfume that shares some attributes of an already existing perfume. [1] (#cite_note-The_Independent_-_26_January_2011_-_Upcoming_fragrance_launches:_Issey_Miyake,_Serge_Lutens,_Guerlain-1) These attributes may be the name, packaging or notes (/wiki/Note_(perfumery)) of the existing fragrance. Examples [ edit ] Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior_SE) 's 1985 fragrance Poison (/wiki/Poison_(perfume)) was followed by Tendre Poison (/wiki/Tendre_Poison) (1994), Hypnotic Poison (/wiki/Hypnotic_Poison) (1998), Pure Poison (/wiki/Pure_Poison) (2004), Midnight Poison (2007) and Poison Girl (2016). [2] (#cite_note-Fragrantica-2) Issey Miyake (/wiki/Issey_Miyake) 's 1992 fragrance " L'eau d'Issey (/wiki/L%27eau_d%27Issey) " was followed by "L'Eau d'Issey Florale" in 2011. [3] (#cite_note-ScentBound-3) The Jimmy Choo (/wiki/Jimmy_Choo) fragrance "Jimmy Choo" released in 2011 was supplemented by a flanker perfume "Exotic" released in 2013. [4] (#cite_note-Yahoo!_News_Singapore_-_1_July_2013_-_Jimmy_Choo_launches_fruity/floral_flanker_of_flagship_perfume-4) Paco Rabanne (/wiki/Paco_Rabanne) 's highly successful 2008 perfume for men "1 Million" was followed by a perfume for women "Lady Million" in 2010. Its packaging was very similar to the original fragrance. [5] (#cite_note-The_Independent_-_28_May_2010_-_Paco_Rabanne_launches_female_flanker_to_1_Million_bestseller-5) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-The_Independent_-_26_January_2011_-_Upcoming_fragrance_launches:_Issey_Miyake,_Serge_Lutens,_Guerlain_1-0) "Upcoming fragrance launches: Issey Miyake, Serge Lutens, Guerlain" (https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/upcoming-fragrance-launches-issey-miyake-serge-lutens-guerlain-2195262.html) . The Independent (/wiki/The_Independent) . Independent Print Limited. 26 January 2011 . Retrieved 16 October 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-Fragrantica_2-0) "Original vs Flanker: Dior's Poison, Tendre Poison, Hypnotic Poison, Pure Poison and Midnight Poison ~ Original vs Flanker ~ Fragrantica" (https://www.fragrantica.com/news/Original-vs-Flanker-Dior-s-Poison-Tendre-Poison-Hypnotic-Poison-Pure-Poison-and-Midnight-Poison-10975.html) . Fragrantica.com . Retrieved 2018-07-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-ScentBound_3-0) "Perfume Flankers and Why They Make a Good Business Sense" (http://scentbound.co/perfume-flankers-and-why-they-make-a-good-business-sense/) . ScentBound . 2012-12-27 . Retrieved 2018-07-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-Yahoo!_News_Singapore_-_1_July_2013_-_Jimmy_Choo_launches_fruity/floral_flanker_of_flagship_perfume_4-0) "Jimmy Choo launches fruity/floral flanker of flagship perfume" (http://sg.news.yahoo.com/jimmy-choo-launches-fruity-floral-flanker-flagship-perfume-084330695.html) . Yahoo! News Singapore . Yahoo! News (/wiki/Yahoo!_News) . 1 July 2013 . Retrieved 16 October 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-The_Independent_-_28_May_2010_-_Paco_Rabanne_launches_female_flanker_to_1_Million_bestseller_5-0) "Paco Rabanne launches female flanker to 1 Million bestseller" (https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/paco-rabanne-launches-female-flanker-to-1-million-bestseller-1985307.html) . The Independent (/wiki/The_Independent) . Independent Print Limited. 28 May 2010 . Retrieved 17 October 2013 . 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American dramatist Andrew Ondrejcak is an American artist. His interdisciplinary work is at the intersection of film, fashion and theater. [1] (#cite_note-1) He writes, directs, and designs [2] (#cite_note-2) his original performances that have been produced in the U.S. and internationally. His design work crosses into the fashion industry and has been featured in Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , W (/wiki/W_(magazine)) , and Wallpaper (/wiki/Wallpaper_(magazine)) , [3] (#cite_note-3) among others. Life [ edit ] Ondrejcak was born and raised in Hattiesburg (/wiki/Hattiesburg,_Mississippi) , Mississippi (/wiki/Mississippi) [4] (#cite_note-4) and studied architecture and painting at the Savannah College of Art and Design (/wiki/Savannah_College_of_Art_and_Design) , [5] (#cite_note-5) then Playwriting at Brooklyn College (/wiki/Brooklyn_College) , where he studied under playwright Mac Wellman (/wiki/Mac_Wellman) and performance artist Vito Acconci (/wiki/Vito_Acconci) . Ondrejcak reperformed the work of Marina Abramovic (/wiki/Marina_Abramovi%C4%87) at MoMA in 2010 in her retrospective, The Artist Is Present [6] (#cite_note-6) . He has taught design and theatre workshops at Domaine de Boisbuchet in Lessac, France and, from 2003 - 2013, was a freelance lecturer at the Museum of Modern Art (/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art) . [7] (#cite_note-7) Performance [ edit ] Ondrejcak's performance works bring together theater, dance and music and include performers from a variety of artistic backgrounds, ages and nationalities. [8] (#cite_note-8) His films link art historical objects and classical forms with contemporary iconography, often putting a queer perspective on a classical form. [9] (#cite_note-9) Works include Veneration #1: The Young Heir Takes Possession of The Master's Effects (2010) commissioned by Robert Wilson (/wiki/Robert_Wilson_(director)) for the Guggenheim Works and Process; [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) the play FEAST (2014) premiered at Under the Radar Festival at the Public Theater in New York, featuring Reg E. Cathey; [12] (#cite_note-12) the opera YOU US WE ALL (2015) with composer Shara Worden (/wiki/Shara_Worden) at the Brooklyn Academy of Music (/wiki/Brooklyn_Academy_of_Music) . [13] (#cite_note-13) Also at BAM, Ondrejcak created an installation for Crossing Brooklyn Ferry, an art festival curated by Bryce Dessner (/wiki/Bryce_Dessner) . [14] (#cite_note-14) Ondrejcak worked with the "Ethical Fashion Initiative" [15] (#cite_note-15) on the costumes for series of his performances including Landscape with Figures [16] (#cite_note-16) at Contemporary Art Center, New Orleans (/wiki/Contemporary_Arts_Center_(New_Orleans)) , Figure Studies, [17] (#cite_note-17) at the Beaux Arts Museum (Brussels), Elijah Green at The Kitchen (/wiki/The_Kitchen_(performance_venue)) (New York City), and The Future Is Now and I am It: A Parade [18] (#cite_note-18) to Mark the Moment, the opening event of REACH at The Kennedy Center (/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Center_for_the_Performing_Arts) , curated by multi-disciplinary visual and performance artist Carrie Mae Weems (/wiki/Carrie_Mae_Weems) . Ondrejcak's short films include The Actress with Isabel Sandoval (/wiki/Isabel_Sandoval) , [19] (#cite_note-19) The Story and The Writer, featuring Tilda Swinton (/wiki/Tilda_Swinton) ; [20] (#cite_note-20) The Sword of Damocles , [21] (#cite_note-21) which stars Darren Criss (/wiki/Darren_Criss) and Rufus Wainwright (/wiki/Rufus_Wainwright) ; and Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours , a Stevie Wonder Tribute which in one version highlights James Franco (/wiki/James_Franco) and in another Rufus Wainwright. [22] (#cite_note-22) He has been an Artist in Residence at the Park Avenue Armory (/wiki/Park_Avenue_Armory) , The Watermill Center (http://www.watermillcenter.org/) , NYC's Governor's Island (/wiki/Governors_Island) , Baryshnikov Arts Center (/wiki/Baryshnikov_Arts_Center) , Yaddo (/wiki/Yaddo) , Josef and Anni Albers Foundation’s Thread in Senegal, and the MacDowell Colony (/wiki/MacDowell_(artists%27_residency_and_workshop)) . [23] (#cite_note-23) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Artists | 11th House Agency" (https://11thhouseagency.com/artist/bio/2041) . 11thhouseagency.com . Retrieved 2023-01-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Woolfe, Zachary (2015-11-12). "Review: In 'You Us We All,' a Symbolic Hope Writes to Pop Divas" (https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/13/arts/music/review-in-you-us-we-all-a-symbolic-hope-writes-to-pop-divas.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2016-03-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Baroque Meets Pop Culture YOU US WE ALL Comes to BAM" (http://brooklynrail.org/2015/11/theater/you-us-we-all) . brooklynrail.org . 5 November 2015 . Retrieved 2016-03-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "The Young Invincibles" (http://nymag.com/news/features/29723/) . NYMag.com . 23 March 2007 . Retrieved 2016-03-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "SCAD FASH" (http://scadfash.org/) . SCAD FASH | Museum of Fashion . Retrieved 2016-03-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Marina Abramović: Very Last Things" (https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/marina-abramovi-very-last-things) . The New Yorker . 2010-06-03 . Retrieved 2023-01-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Selected Biographies" (https://www.moma.org/momaorg/shared/pdfs/docs/meetme/Print_1_Bios_Acknowl_Art_Trustees.pdf) (PDF) . MOMA.org . ^ (#cite_ref-8) BWW News Desk. "The Kitchen to Present Andrew Ondrejcak's ELIJAH GREEN" (http://www.broadwayworld.com/off-off-broadway/article/The-Kitchen-to-Present-Andrew-Ondrejcaks-ELIJAH-GREEN-20160129) . BroadwayWorld.com . Retrieved 2016-03-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Artists, La La Land. "Biography" (http://lalaland-artists.com/artists/andrewondrejcak) . Retrieved 2021-03-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Jowitt, Deborah (2011-03-23). "Yvonne Rainer's Got Game at the Baryshnikov Arts Center; the Royal Danish Ballet Dances the Guggenheim" (https://www.villagevoice.com/2011/03/23/yvonne-rainers-got-game-at-the-baryshnikov-arts-center-the-royal-danish-ballet-dances-the-guggenheim/) . The Village Voice . Retrieved 2023-01-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Musical America Blogs » Blog Archive » Curating Currents: Robert Wilson at The Guggenheim" (http://www.musicalamerica.com/mablogs/?p=904) . Retrieved 2023-01-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Rocco, Claudia La (2014-01-14). "Hungers Unsatisfied: Mouths Full, but Only With Words" (https://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/15/theater/feast-revisits-babylon-with-interactive-whoopee-cushions.html) . The New York Times . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0362-4331 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331) . Retrieved 2023-01-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "You Us We All : My Brightest Diamond" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130809193603/http://www.mybrightestdiamond.com/2013/05/15/you-us-we-all/) . 2013-08-09. Archived from the original (http://www.mybrightestdiamond.com/2013/05/15/you-us-we-all/) on 2013-08-09 . Retrieved 2023-01-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Crossing Brooklyn Ferry" (http://www.bam.org/music/2013/crossing-brooklyn-ferry) . BAM.org . Retrieved 2023-01-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Andrew Ondrejcak : Fashion Revolution" (https://www.fashionrevolution.org/tag/andrew-ondrejcak/) . www.fashionrevolution.org . Retrieved 2023-01-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Andrew Ondrejcak's Landscape with Figures" (https://cacno.org/performing-arts/landscapewithfigures) . cacno.org . Retrieved 2023-01-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Figure Studies: A Performative Installation bridging Art, Identity and Fashion | Bozar Brussels" (https://www.bozar.be/en/node/37500) . Bozar . Retrieved 2023-01-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "The REACH Opening Festival at the Kennedy Center Schedule" (https://kennedycenter.sched.com/list/descriptions/audience/Learn+by+Participating) . kennedycenter.sched.com . Retrieved 2023-01-02 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Ondrejcak, Andrew; Gradone, Rick (2021-10-28), The Actress (Short, Drama), Savannah College of Art & Design , retrieved 2023-01-02 ^ (#cite_ref-20) Ondrejcak, Andrew, Story and the Writer (Short), Studio RM , retrieved 2023-01-02 ^ (#cite_ref-21) Ondrejcak, Andrew (2018-10-31), The Sword of Damocles (Short, Music), Subconscious Films , retrieved 2023-01-02 ^ (#cite_ref-22) Artists, La La Land. "Film Direction" (http://lalaland-artists.com/artists/andrewondrejcak) . Retrieved 2021-03-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Baroque Meets Pop Culture YOU US WE ALL Comes to BAM" (http://brooklynrail.org/2015/11/theater/you-us-we-all) . brooklynrail.org . 5 November 2015 . Retrieved 2016-03-01 . External links [ edit ] andrewondrejcak.com (http://www.Andrewondrejcak.com) lalaland-artists.com/artists/andrewondrejcak (http://www.Lalaland-artists.com/artists/andrewondrejcak) Andrew Ondrejcak's Under Construction show (http://americantheatrewing.org/videos/under-construction/) on the American Theatre Wing (/wiki/American_Theatre_Wing) 's "Working in the Theatre" series. 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Clothing portal (/wiki/Portal:Clothing) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) The main article for this category (/wiki/Help:Categories) is Necklaces (/wiki/Necklaces) . Wikimedia Commons has media related to Necklaces (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Necklaces) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐tt4gv Cached time: 20240720203931 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.097 seconds Real time usage: 0.277 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 166/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3955/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 250/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 2569/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.060/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1511780/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 261.262 1 -total 73.63% 192.360 1 Template:Commons_category 71.11% 185.778 1 Template:Sister_project 69.90% 182.620 1 Template:Side_box 60.04% 156.874 2 Template:If_then_show 15.43% 40.314 1 Template:Portal 10.81% 28.243 1 Template:Cat_main Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:24136625-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720203931 and revision id 1127516410. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 4 subcategories, out of 4 total. A Affair of the Diamond Necklace (/wiki/Category:Affair_of_the_Diamond_Necklace) ‎ (1 C, 8 P) C Pendant crosses (/wiki/Category:Pendant_crosses) ‎ (8 P) I Individual necklaces (/wiki/Category:Individual_necklaces) ‎ (17 P) T Torcs (/wiki/Category:Torcs) ‎ (23 P) Pages in category "Necklaces" The following 54 pages are in this category, out of 54 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . Necklace (/wiki/Necklace) A Affair of the Diamond Necklace (/wiki/Affair_of_the_Diamond_Necklace) B Bali-og (/wiki/Bali-og) Bulla (amulet) (/wiki/Bulla_(amulet)) C Chaozhu (/wiki/Chaozhu) Choker (/wiki/Choker) Cimaruta (/wiki/Cimaruta) Collar (jewelry) (/wiki/Collar_(jewelry)) Collar of the Order of Saint Michael (/wiki/Collar_of_the_Order_of_Saint_Michael) Collar of the President of Ukraine (/wiki/Collar_of_the_President_of_Ukraine) Crepundia (/wiki/Crepundia) D Dog tag (/wiki/Dog_tag) E Engolpion (/wiki/Engolpion) G Gleninsheen gorget (/wiki/Gleninsheen_gorget) Gold lunula (/wiki/Gold_lunula) Grotulja (/wiki/Grotulja) I Iraqi map pendant (/wiki/Iraqi_map_pendant) J Japamala (/wiki/Japamala) Jesus piece (jewelry) (/wiki/Jesus_piece_(jewelry)) K Kalabubu (/wiki/Kalabubu) Kanthi mala (/wiki/Kanthi_mala) Kundan (/wiki/Kundan) L Lamen (magic) (/wiki/Lamen_(magic)) Lanyard (/wiki/Lanyard) Lavalier (/wiki/Lavalier) Lei (garland) (/wiki/Lei_(garland)) Lei niho palaoa (/wiki/Lei_niho_palaoa) List of ancient Egyptian statuary with amulet necklaces (/wiki/List_of_ancient_Egyptian_statuary_with_amulet_necklaces) Livery collar (/wiki/Livery_collar) Love beads (/wiki/Love_beads) Lunula (amulet) (/wiki/Lunula_(amulet)) M Madaka (/wiki/Madaka) Mamuli (/wiki/Mamuli) Mandaic lead rolls (/wiki/Mandaic_lead_rolls) Mangala sutra (/wiki/Mangala_sutra) Marangga (/wiki/Marangga) Medical identification tag (/wiki/Medical_identification_tag) Mohra (necklace) (/wiki/Mohra_(necklace)) N Neck corset (/wiki/Neck_corset) Neck ring (/wiki/Neck_ring) Necklace of Harmonia (/wiki/Necklace_of_Harmonia) P Pectoral (Ancient Egypt) (/wiki/Pectoral_(Ancient_Egypt)) Pendant (/wiki/Pendant) Posture collar (/wiki/Posture_collar) R Rivière (jewellery) (/wiki/Rivi%C3%A8re_(jewellery)) S Satlada (/wiki/Satlada) Shebyu collar (/wiki/Shebyu_collar) Shell gorget (/wiki/Shell_gorget) Shropshire bulla (/wiki/Shropshire_bulla) Statement necklace (/wiki/Statement_necklace) T Taiganja (/wiki/Taiganja) Tengura (/wiki/Tengura) Torc (/wiki/Torc) U Usekh collar (/wiki/Usekh_collar) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Necklaces&oldid=1127516410 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Necklaces&oldid=1127516410) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Neckwear (/wiki/Category:Neckwear) Types of jewellery (/wiki/Category:Types_of_jewellery) Hidden category: Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata)
American clothier Clifford Grodd (April 27, 1924 – May 25, 2010) was an American clothier who served as president and chief executive of the Paul Stuart (/wiki/Paul_Stuart) men's and women's clothing retailer. Early life and military experience [ edit ] Grodd was born on April 27, 1924, in New Haven, Connecticut (/wiki/New_Haven,_Connecticut) . He was a tail gunner (/wiki/Tail_gunner) with the United States Army Air Corps (/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Corps) during World War II. After being shot down while flying on a mission over Hungary, he was captured and placed in a prison camp from which he made nine escape attempts, but was not liberated from the camp until near the war's end. [1] (#cite_note-NYTObit-1) Career [ edit ] After completing his military service, he finished his undergraduate degree from the University of Connecticut (/wiki/University_of_Connecticut) , graduating in 1948 with a degree in marketing. He worked at G. Fox & Co. (/wiki/G._Fox_%26_Co.) 's flagship store in Hartford, Connecticut (/wiki/Hartford,_Connecticut) , where he was employed as assistant manager of the sportswear department as part of that company's executive training program. [1] (#cite_note-NYTObit-1) He was hired by Paul Stuart (/wiki/Paul_Stuart) in 1951 by his father-in-law Ralph Ostrove who had founded the clothing store (/wiki/Boutique) in 1938. [1] (#cite_note-NYTObit-1) Grodd bought the store from Ostrove, who wanted to retire due to his failing health. [2] (#cite_note-WWDObit-2) Grodd was named president and chief executive of the company in 1955 and transformed the company into one that became an arbiter of taste, style and fashion. He led the way in establishing Paul Stuart's own brands and the store attracted the loyalty of individuals including Fred Astaire (/wiki/Fred_Astaire) , Mel Brooks (/wiki/Mel_Brooks) , Cary Grant (/wiki/Cary_Grant) , Paul Newman (/wiki/Paul_Newman) and Frank Sinatra (/wiki/Frank_Sinatra) . [1] (#cite_note-NYTObit-1) [2] (#cite_note-WWDObit-2) He expanded the firm into Japan through a licensing deal with Mitsui (/wiki/Mitsui) , and also opened locations in Chicago (/wiki/Chicago) and Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) , South Korea. [1] (#cite_note-NYTObit-1) He remained as CEO until his death, arriving at the company's store in New York City each day after an early-morning workout. In the years before his death, Grodd had expanded the company's line to include the Phineas Cole label aimed at younger clientele, offered in the company's own stores and its 100 licensed locations worldwide. [3] (#cite_note-3) Death and legacy [ edit ] Grodd died of cancer at age 86 on May 25, 2010 at his home in Manhattan (/wiki/Manhattan) . [2] (#cite_note-WWDObit-2) He was survived by his wife, the former Barbara Ostrove, two sons and two grandchildren. [1] (#cite_note-NYTObit-1) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Grimes, William. "Clifford Grodd, the Driving Force at Paul Stuart, Dies at 86" (https://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/27/business/27grodd.html) , The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) , May 26, 2010. Accessed May 27, 2010. ^ Jump up to: a b c Thomas, Brenner; Palmieri, Jean A.; and Lipke, David. "Cliff Grodd, Paul Stuart Legend, Dies of Cancer" (http://www.wwd.com/menswear-news/cliff-grodd-paul-stuart-legend-dies-3086340) , Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) , May 26, 2010. Accessed May 27, 2010. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Staff. "Paul Stuart Tries To Unstuff The Shirts: To update its conservative image, the clothier is introducing a bolder, cheekier line" (https://web.archive.org/web/20071016063435/http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/07_41/b4053094.htm) , Business Week (/wiki/Business_Week) , October 8, 2007. Accessed May 27, 2010. See also [ edit ] Bergdorf Goodman (/wiki/Bergdorf_Goodman) Barney Pressman (/wiki/Barney_Pressman) Fred Pressman (/wiki/Fred_Pressman) Ralph Lauren (/wiki/Ralph_Lauren) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐6bfdd77f6c‐bw88l Cached time: 20240623001508 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.068 seconds Real time usage: 0.157 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 311/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1269/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 360/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3814/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.021/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1098275/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 137.431 1 -total 85.12% 116.987 1 Template:Short_description 49.82% 68.464 3 Template:Main_other 48.25% 66.310 1 Template:SDcat 25.78% 35.436 2 Template:Pagetype 10.18% 13.990 1 Template:Reflist 1.77% 2.433 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:27502557-0!canonical and timestamp 20240623001508 and revision id 1147937254. 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Sustainable clothing design This article's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone (/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Tone) used on Wikipedia . See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles (/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Tone) for suggestions. ( April 2023 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Zero-waste fashion refers to a fashion design strategy, that generates little or no textile waste (/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_fashion) during the production process, particularly focusing on the pattern making and cutting stages. [1] (#cite_note-nytimes-1) [2] (#cite_note-Gwilt,_Alison_2011-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-massey-4) It is a reaction to the high amount of discarded clothing items going into landfills around the world. [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) Zero-waste (/wiki/Zero_waste) fashion strategies can be categorized under two general approaches: pre-consumer (/wiki/Pre-consumer_recycling) zero-waste fashion, which eliminates waste during manufacture, and post-consumer (/wiki/Post-consumer_waste) zero-waste fashion, which generates clothing from existing materials such as second-hand clothing [8] (#cite_note-8) and elements or textiles made from other discarded consumer products. Historically, zero-waste designs have been utilised in folk clothing (/wiki/Folk_costume) , including the kimono (/wiki/Kimono) , sari (/wiki/Sari) , and chiton (/wiki/Chiton_(garment)) , among others. [9] (#cite_note-9) Pre-consumer zero-waste fashion [ edit ] Pre-consumer waste is created primarily by the fashion industry during the fibre, yarn, fabric, and garment manufacturing processes and includes unsuitable fibres, remnants, trimmings, cutoffs, and scraps of unsuitable quality. This waste consists of fibres, chemicals, dyes, and finishes that are ideal for recycling. Secondary pre-consumer waste consists of unsold finished stock of garments and other fabric items like curtains and bedding. [10] (#cite_note-10) Zero-waste pattern design [ edit ] In zero-waste pattern design, the designer creates a garment through the pattern-cutting (/wiki/Pattern_(sewing)) process, working only within the space allotted by the fabric width. [2] (#cite_note-Gwilt,_Alison_2011-2) This approach directly influences the design of the final garment, as the pattern-cutting process is a primary design step. Alternatively, zero-waste manufacturing is an approach that aims to eliminate textile waste without modifying garment patterns. This approach allows garments and fabric to be fully used with no fabric wasted. [11] (#cite_note-11) Gradable zero-waste apparel design [ edit ] The Carrico Zero-waste Banded Grading technique is one proposed solution that utilizes bands to cut patterns without wasting textiles. In this technique, carefully planned seam placements grow or shrink, allowing sizing of the clothing item up or down to create three different sizes of a garment. After conducting the study, they found that the technique was successful at creating one-piece or two-piece items. Some issues with this practice include the proportion of the differently sized garments and inconsistencies in seam allowances. [12] (#cite_note-12) Differences from standard fashion production [ edit ] A standard garment production process may begin with a drawing of the desired garment. A pattern is then generated to achieve this design, a marker is made to most efficiently use the fabric, and the pattern pieces are then cut from the cloth, sewn, packed, and distributed to retailers. Standard garment production generates an average of 15% textile waste. [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) Slow Fashion [ edit ] Fast fashion (/wiki/Fast_fashion) is a system of seasons and microseasons, created by and at the retail stage, where certain clothes, designs and materials are advertised as being desirable for a short amount of time, at the end of which consumers are encouraged to abandon these and move on to buy other, more suitable clothes. [15] (#cite_note-SJ-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) Slow fashion (/wiki/Slow_fashion) is seen as an antidote to fast fashion, and part of the larger slow movement culture (/wiki/Slow_movement_(culture)) , advocating for thoughtful manufacturing which is respectful of people, animals and the environment. [17] (#cite_note-17) Slow fashion encourages consumers to look at purchasing timeless garments and styles, believing that such items can last for years, rather than weeks, as well as only buying items which are needed. [18] (#cite_note-O-18) This reduction in demand can also lead to a reduction in transport costs, both financial and environmental. Post-consumer zero-waste fashion [ edit ] An example of post-consumer zero-waste fashion, this 'Storybook gown' is constructed of recycled and discarded children's books. Fashion and Wellness shows a "Model showcasing a dress made out bulletin newspapers, this is an attempt towards clearing the environment and keeping it clean". This is from the theme "Health and wellness in Africa." Post-consumer zero-waste fashion can also include used and discarded garments. Unwanted clothing can be sold on through donations to charity shops [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) or through online sales. [21] (#cite_note-21) [22] (#cite_note-22) However, less than one-third of discarded garments are resold as post-consumer recycled (PCR) clothing. In 2018 1.5 million tons of discarded clothing was sold by the EU to Asian and African countries, [23] (#cite_note-23) competing with local garment producers in those countries. [24] (#cite_note-24) Over two-thirds of discarded garments that are not incinerated are either torn and used as wiping rags or stripped down to extract yarn or fibres [25] (#cite_note-25) The fibres, post-consumer recycled (PCR) textiles, [26] (#cite_note-26) remain in a closed loop where the recycling results in the manufacture of the same type of product: garments. [27] (#cite_note-:0-27) In an open loop, other types of discarded consumer goods are recycled to create zero-waste fashion. One example is rPET bottles, which are processed to extract polyester fibre used in the production of garments. [28] (#cite_note-28) [27] (#cite_note-:0-27) Other examples of recycled consumer products not related to fashion that are used to create zero-waste fashion are old books, newspapers, plastics, and shopping bags. Waste elimination hierarchy [ edit ] The waste hierarchy (/wiki/Waste_hierarchy) consists of the three 'R's' - Reduce, Reuse, Recycle - in order of impact. Zero-waste fashion design reduces or even eliminates pre-consumer textile waste. However, it does not necessarily address waste created during the use life and disposal phase of the garment's life cycle. During textile production, many pollutants are emitted into the environment. The textile and apparel industries are some of the most polluting, and both have a low recycling rate of about 15%. Zero-waste fashion design could significantly reduce gaseous emissions during the production process and help to reuse material waste. [29] (#cite_note-29) Impact [ edit ] Zero-waste fashion significantly impacts the industry by promoting sustainable practices, reducing environmental damage, and encouraging innovation in design and production. It challenges traditional methods and leads to more eco-friendly, ethical fashion choices. [30] (#cite_note-30) Limitations [ edit ] While zero-waste fashion design methods offer sustainability benefits, they also face limitations. Variations in aesthetic appearances between sizes, increased production time, and challenges in documentation are some of the notable concerns. Informing customers about size variations, exploring ways to lower costs, and improving documentation practices can address these limitations. Continued research and innovation, are important to overcome these limitations and advance sustainability practices in the fashion industry. [31] (#cite_note-31) Notable contributions [ edit ] Dorothy K. Burnham (/wiki/Dorothy_Burnham) : Cut My Cote (1973) [32] (#cite_note-32) was a seminal text that summarized decades of Burnham's research into cuts of traditional dress and the influence of weave on costume cut. Madeleine Vionnet (/wiki/Madeleine_Vionnet) 's design approach aligns well with zero-waste fashion design; many of her garments had minimal waste. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-nytimes_1-0) Rosenbloom, Stephanie (13 August 2010). "The New York Times" (https://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/15/fashion/15waste.html) . Retrieved 2014-04-26 . ^ Jump up to: a b Gwilt, Alison, and Timo Rissanen. Shaping Sustainable Fashion: Changing the Way We Make and Use Clothes. Earthscan Publications Ltd., 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Hethorn, Janet, and Connie Ulasewicz. 2008. Sustainable Fashion: Why Now?: A Conversation Exploring Issues, Practices, and Possibilities. 1st ed. Fairchild Publications ^ (#cite_ref-massey_4-0) "Using design practice to negotiate the awkward space between sustainability and fashion consumption" (http://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/1479) . mro.massey.ac.nz . Retrieved 2014-04-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) The Conversation website, (https://theconversation.com/for-a-true-war-on-waste-the-fashion-industry-must-spend-more-on-research-78673) For a true war on waste, the fashion industry must spend more on research , article by Mark Liu dated August 15, 2017 (https://theconversation.com/for-a-true-war-on-waste-the-fashion-industry-must-spend-more-on-research-78673) ^ (#cite_ref-6) Zero Waste Scotland website, (https://www.zerowastescotland.org.uk/resources/climate-change-new-face-fashion) Is it time to break up with fast fashion to help save the planet? , article dated March 13, 2023 (https://www.zerowastescotland.org.uk/resources/climate-change-new-face-fashion) ^ (#cite_ref-7) Zero Waste Week website, (https://www.zerowasteweek.co.uk/zero-waste-fashion/) Let’s Talk about Fast Fashion ^ (#cite_ref-8) Wang, Youjiang (2006). Recycling in textiles . Woodhead publishing. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Rissanen, Timo. "From 15% to 0: Investigating the creation of fashion without the creation of fabric waste" (https://web.archive.org/web/20060221072044/http://www.kridt.dk/conference/Speakers/Timo_Rissanen.pdf) (PDF) . BUGIstudio. Archived from the original (http://www.kridt.dk/conference/Speakers/Timo_Rissanen.pdf) (PDF) on February 21, 2006. ^ (#cite_ref-10) Eppinger, Elisabeth (2022-12-09). "Recycling technologies for enabling sustainability transitions of the fashion industry: status quo and avenues for increasing post-consumer waste recycling" (https://doi.org/10.1080%2F15487733.2022.2027122) . Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy . 18 (1): 114–128. Bibcode (/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)) : 2022SSPP...18..114E (https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022SSPP...18..114E) . doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1080/15487733.2022.2027122 (https://doi.org/10.1080%2F15487733.2022.2027122) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1548-7733 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1548-7733) . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Gupta, Lotika; Kaur Saini, Harminder (2020-06-22). "Achieving Sustainability through Zero Waste Fashion-A Review" (https://doi.org/10.12944%2FCWE.15.2.02) . Current World Environment . 15 (2): 154–162. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.12944/CWE.15.2.02 (https://doi.org/10.12944%2FCWE.15.2.02) . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Carrico, Melanie; Dragoo, Sheri L.; McKinney, Ellen; Stannard, Casey; Moretz, Colleen; Rougeaux-Burnes, Ashley (1 January 2022). "An inquiry into Gradable Zero-Waste Apparel Design" (https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fsu14010452) . Sustainability . 14 (1): 452. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.3390/su14010452 (https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fsu14010452) . hdl (/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)) : 2346/92575 (https://hdl.handle.net/2346%2F92575) . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Circular Economy Europe website, (https://circulareconomy.europa.eu/platform/sites/default/files/2023-10/WearnRepair_casestudy.pdf) Waste isn’t waste until we waste it , article by Ramesh De Silva (2022) (https://circulareconomy.europa.eu/platform/sites/default/files/2023-10/WearnRepair_casestudy.pdf) ^ (#cite_ref-14) ABERNATHY, F. H., DUNLOP, J. T., HAMMOND, J. H. & WEIL, D. (1999) A stitch in time. Lean retailing and the transformation of manufacturing - Lessons from the apparel and textile industries, New York & Oxford, Oxford University Press. ^ (#cite_ref-SJ_15-0) Sustainable Jungle website, (https://www.sustainablejungle.com/sustainable-fashion/zero-waste-fashion-brands) Zero Waste Fashion Brands , article by Jenny Bell, October 13, 2023 (https://www.sustainablejungle.com/sustainable-fashion/zero-waste-fashion-brands) ^ (#cite_ref-16) Good On You website, (https://goodonyou.eco/what-is-slow-fashion/) What is Slow Fashion? , article by Madeleine Hill dated July 3, 2023 (https://goodonyou.eco/what-is-slow-fashion/) ^ (#cite_ref-17) Sustainable Jungle website, (https://www.sustainablejungle.com/sustainable-fashion/what-is-slow-fashion) What is Slow Fashion? ^ (#cite_ref-O_18-0) Oxfam website, (https://www.oxfam.org.uk/oxfam-in-action/oxfam-blog/what-is-slow-fashion/) What is Slow Fashion? ^ (#cite_ref-19) Zero Waste Week website, (https://www.zerowasteweek.co.uk/charity-shop-zero-waste/) How a charity shop can save more waste from landfill than you might imagine ^ (#cite_ref-20) Brighton and Hove City Council website, (https://www.brighton-hove.gov.uk/news/2023/discover-how-you-can-reduce-textile-waste-second-hand-september) Discover how you can reduce textile waste for Second Hand September , article dated September 8, 2023 (https://www.brighton-hove.gov.uk/news/2023/discover-how-you-can-reduce-textile-waste-second-hand-september) ^ (#cite_ref-21) BBC website, (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cxwvp2z7djyo) Vinted makes first profit on used fashion , article by Lucy Hooker dated April 29, 2024 (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cxwvp2z7djyo) ^ (#cite_ref-22) Business Reporter website, (https://www.business-reporter.co.uk/management/depop-sale-fashion-retailers-must-move-faster-on-sustainability--or-they-will-be-replaced-by-gen-z-apps) Depop Sale: fashion retailers must move faster on sustainability or they will be replaced by Gen Z apps , article by Elaine L. Ritch (https://www.business-reporter.co.uk/management/depop-sale-fashion-retailers-must-move-faster-on-sustainability--or-they-will-be-replaced-by-gen-z-apps) ^ (#cite_ref-23) Coscieme, Luca; Manshoven, Saskia; Gillabel, Jeroen; Grossi, Francesca; Mortensen, Lars F. (2022-06-15). "A framework of circular business models for fashion and textiles: the role of business-model, technical, and social innovation" (https://doi.org/10.1080%2F15487733.2022.2083792) . Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy . 18 (1): 451–462. Bibcode (/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)) : 2022SSPP...18..451C (https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022SSPP...18..451C) . doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1080/15487733.2022.2083792 (https://doi.org/10.1080%2F15487733.2022.2083792) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1548-7733 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1548-7733) . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Brooks, Andrew; Simon, David (2012-09-17). "Unravelling the Relationships between Used-Clothing Imports and the Decline of African Clothing Industries" (https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.2012.01797.x) . Development and Change . 43 (6): 1265–1290. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1111/j.1467-7660.2012.01797.x (https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-7660.2012.01797.x) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0012-155X (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0012-155X) . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Shirvanimoghaddam, Kamyar; Motamed, Bahareh; Ramakrishna, Seeram; Naebe, Minoo (2020-05-20). "Death by waste: Fashion and textile circular economy case" (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720308275) . Science of the Total Environment . 718 : 137317. Bibcode (/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)) : 2020ScTEn.71837317S (https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020ScTEn.71837317S) . doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137317 (https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.scitotenv.2020.137317) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0048-9697 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0048-9697) . PMID (/wiki/PMID_(identifier)) 32088483 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32088483) . ^ (#cite_ref-26) Young, Carol; Jirousek, Charlotte; Ashdown, Susan (January 2004). "Undesigned: A Study in Sustainable Design of Apparel Using Post-Consumer Recycled Clothing" (https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0887302x0402200108) . Clothing and Textiles Research Journal . 22 (1–2): 61–68. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1177/0887302x0402200108 (https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0887302x0402200108) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0887-302X (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0887-302X) . ^ Jump up to: a b Palme, Anna (2016). Recycling of cotton textiles: Characterization, pretreatment, and purification . Sweden: Chalmers Tekniska Hogskola. ^ (#cite_ref-28) Park, Sang Ho; Kim, Seong Hun (2014-07-01). "Poly (ethylene terephthalate) recycling for high value added textiles" (https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs40691-014-0001-x) . Fashion and Textiles . 1 (1): 1. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1186/s40691-014-0001-x (https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs40691-014-0001-x) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 2198-0802 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2198-0802) . ^ (#cite_ref-29) Stanescu, Michaela (2021). "State of the art of post-consumer textile waste upcycling to reach the zero waste milestone". Environmental Science and Pollution Research International . 28 (12): 14253–14270. Bibcode (/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)) : 2021ESPR...2814253S (https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021ESPR...2814253S) . doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1007/s11356-021-12416-9 (https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11356-021-12416-9) . PMID (/wiki/PMID_(identifier)) 33515405 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33515405) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 231746977 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:231746977) . ^ (#cite_ref-30) Michael Ludwig studio website, (https://michaelludwigstudio.com/blogs/news/the-fascinating-world-of-zero-waste-fashion-what-you-need-to-know#:~:text=Zero%20waste%20fashion%20significantly%20impacts,%2Dfriendly%2C%20ethical%20fashion%20choices.) The Fascinating World of Zero Waste Fashion: What You Need to Know , February 9, 2024 (https://michaelludwigstudio.com/blogs/news/the-fascinating-world-of-zero-waste-fashion-what-you-need-to-know#:~:text=Zero%20waste%20fashion%20significantly%20impacts,%2Dfriendly%2C%20ethical%20fashion%20choices.) ^ (#cite_ref-31) Carrico, Melanie; Dragoo, Sheri L.; McKinney, Ellen; Stannard, Casey; Moretz, Colleen; Rougeaux-Burnes, Ashley (2022-01-01). "An Inquiry into Gradable Zero-Waste Apparel Design" (https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fsu14010452) . Sustainability . 14 (1): 452. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.3390/su14010452 (https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fsu14010452) . hdl (/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)) : 2346/92575 (https://hdl.handle.net/2346%2F92575) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 2071-1050 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2071-1050) . ^ (#cite_ref-32) Burnham, Dorothy K. (1973). Cut my Cote . Ontario: Royal Ontario Museum. 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Thyme Maternity Industry Apparel Founder Max Konisberg (Shirmax) Herman Reitman (Reitmans) Fate RW&CO. relaunched Thyme Maternity label within its stores and on its website on August 15, 2022. Previously, parent Company, Reitmans (Canada) Limited, announced on June 1, 2020 the closing of all Thyme Maternity stores. Headquarters 250 Sauve Street West, Montreal, Quebec , Canada Number of locations 0 Area served Canada and the U.S. Key people Jeremy Reitman Steven Reitman Products Trendy maternity fashions and nursing essentials Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) Reitmans (/wiki/Reitmans) Website thymematernity (http://thymematernity.com) .com (http://thymematernity.com) Thyme Maternity was relaunched as a label within RW&CO. stores and on its website as of August 15, 2022. The new collection includes stylish, versatile, and functional pieces for people to feel confident during their pregnancy, post pregnancy and beyond. The Thyme Maternity collection is available online at rw-co.com on August 15 and in select RW&CO. stores across Canada in September 2022. History [ edit ] Early history [ edit ] Reitmans had its beginnings in the early 1900s when Herman and Sarah Reitman (/wiki/Herman_Reitman) ran a small department store in Montreal. The Reitmans Company (/wiki/Reitmans) was founded after a second store opened in 1926. Since then, a number of stores have opened every year, and other banners have emerged, namely Smart Set, RW&CO., Penningtons (/wiki/Penningtons) , Addition Elle (/wiki/Addition_Elle) and Thyme Maternity. The Thyme Maternity brand dates back to at least October 1993, when it was under the ownership of Shirmax Fashions Ltd, and operated by its subsidiary, Shirmax Retail Ltd. The Montreal company also operated Shirley K, a larger maternity clothing brand. [1] (#cite_note-1) A Singapore company licensed the Thyme brand in 1999, intending to open five locations. [2] (#cite_note-2) In June, 2002, Reitmans acquired Shirmax Fashions Ltd., [3] (#cite_note-3) which operated 109 Addition Elle stores and 66 Thyme Maternity stores. On June 2, 2020, Reitmans announced [4] (#cite_note-4) that it would close all Thyme Maternity stores as part of its restructuring process, in part due to financial challenges relating to the COVID-19 pandemic. As shown on its website, [5] (#cite_note-5) Thyme Maternity later confirmed that its online store and all shops have been closed permanently. On August 15, 2022, RW&CO., a Reitmans (Canada) Limited brand, announced the Thyme Maternity Collection launch for Fall 2022. The Thyme Maternity collection is available online at rw-co.com on August 15 and in select RW&CO. stores across Canada in September 2022. Partner relationships [ edit ] In September 2011, Thyme Maternity opened 10 shop-in-shops [6] (#cite_note-6) in select Babies"R"Us locations in Canada as well as launched online sales of their maternity offering on babiesrus.ca. There are currently 23 of these shops in operation in Canada. In September 2012, Thyme Maternity opened 150 shop-in-shop locations in select Babies"R"Us locations throughout the U.S. as well as launched online sales on babiesrus.com. There are currently over 160 of these shops in operation in the United States. In 2013, Thyme partnered with Baby Buggy, a nonprofit organization founded by Jessica Seinfeld. Baby Buggy provides essential maternity and baby-related items to families in need. Through this partnership, Thyme donated maternity and nursing clothing to pregnant women and new moms in the United States. In 2022, [7] (#cite_note-7) . Photography [ edit ] Thyme used real pregnant models in all of its photography. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) McKenna, Barrie (14 October 1993). "Shirmax seeks creditor protection: Retailer blames spending slump". The Globe and Mail . Toronto ON. p. B1. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Shirmax signs two licencees". The Globe and Mail . Toronto ON. 21 September 1999. p. B4. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Reitmans Shirmax Fashion A Merger" (http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/reitmans-shirmax-fashion-a-merger-1.317728) . CBC News . April 2, 2002 . Retrieved March 14, 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "All Addition Elle and Thyme Maternity Stores in Canada to Close Down" (https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/reitmans-addition-elle-thyme-maternity-1.5594944) . CBC News . June 2, 2020 . Retrieved July 16, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "To Our Friends, Customers, and Followers" (https://www.thymematernity.com) . Retrieved July 16, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Marowits, Ross. [1] (http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2012/09/20/reitmans-not-worried-by-a_n_1900525.html) , Huffington Post (/wiki/Huffington_Post) , Canada, 20 September 2012. Retrieved on 14 March 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-7) RW&CO. announced it was launching the Thyme Maternity collection (https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/rw-amp-co-is-pleased-to-launch-the-thyme-maternity-collection-starting-this-fall-880870968.html) External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.thymematernity.com//) v t e Reitmans (/wiki/Reitmans) Divisions Penningtons (/wiki/Penningtons) RW & CO. 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Tumblr blog An example of one of the entries on Your LL Bean Boyfriend Your LL Bean Boyfriend is a Tumblr (/wiki/Tumblr) blog showing models from the L.L. Bean (/wiki/L.L._Bean) catalog with romantic captions. It was started as a joke but has spawned a companion blog named Your LL Bean Girlfriend and several imitators. The blog has received praise from reviewers and has been compared to other pieces of Internet culture. The neologism (/wiki/Neologism) has been used by the press to describe celebrities. History [ edit ] The blog was created in December 2012 by Maine (/wiki/Maine) native Elizabeth Pride. [1] (#cite_note-Temple-1) She joked to her friends that her dream boyfriend was a man who looked like a LL Bean model. She explained that, due to her background as a Mainer, she found "outdoorsy" men in flannel and cable knit sweaters attractive. That night, she started the blog and wrote the first 60 entries. [1] (#cite_note-Temple-1) The blog's following grew quickly; before the end of the first week, it hit 4,500 followers on Tumblr and 25,000 shares on Facebook. [2] (#cite_note-2) Due to requests from followers, Pride created a companion site called Your LL Bean Girlfriend in January 2013. Content [ edit ] "He will build you a table and then have sex with you on it." [3] (#cite_note-Oklahoma-3) -Tagline The blog features pictures from LL Bean's website in a golden picture frame. Each model is rugged-looking but well dressed in preppy (/wiki/Preppy) clothing. [3] (#cite_note-Oklahoma-3) [4] (#cite_note-Time-4) Each man featured is named by Pride and then paired with a quote that a too-good-to-be-true boyfriend might say. These captions are often Maine-specific and refer to stereotypical Maine activities such as "antiquing in Wiscasset (/wiki/Wiscasset) " and sea kayaking (/wiki/Sea_kayaking) . [5] (#cite_note-5) Along with the images, Pride converses with followers of her blog, offering tips for finding potential LL Bean Boyfriends and how to spot them. She also receives comments from people who realize that their significant other is the type of person showcased on the blog. [3] (#cite_note-Oklahoma-3) Reception [ edit ] Your LL Bean Boyfriend was received positively by reviewers. Terri Pous of Time (/wiki/Time_(magazine)) described the blog as a "delicious slice of the Tumblr pie". [4] (#cite_note-Time-4) Several reviewers have drawn parallels between the blog and the Ryan Gosling (/wiki/Ryan_Gosling) "hey girl" meme (/wiki/Internet_meme) . [6] (#cite_note-Bangor_Daily_News-6) The press has used the term to describe Andrew Garfield (/wiki/Andrew_Garfield) . [7] (#cite_note-7) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Smith, Jessica (2013-01-22). "Tongue-in-cheek blog gains alumna notoriety" (http://temple-news.com/lifestyle/tongue-in-cheek-blog-gains-alumna-notoriety/) . The Temple News . Temple University. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20141011232411/http://temple-news.com/lifestyle/tongue-in-cheek-blog-gains-alumna-notoriety/) from the original on 11 October 2014 . Retrieved 7 October 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Murphy, Edward (2012-12-06). "Swooning over 'Your LL Bean Boyfriend' (http://www.pressherald.com/2012/12/06/ll-bean-goes-from-preppy-to-hot/) " (http://www.pressherald.com/2012/12/06/ll-bean-goes-from-preppy-to-hot/) . Portland Press Herald . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20141013012857/http://www.pressherald.com/2012/12/06/ll-bean-goes-from-preppy-to-hot/) from the original on 13 October 2014 . Retrieved 7 October 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Blog review: Blog's boys may give boyfriends a run for their money" (http://www.oudaily.com/l_and_a/arts_and_entertainment/blog-review-blog-s-boys-may-give-boyfriends-a-run/article_3f800364-81de-5c9e-8ae6-9e03d10958c8.html) . The Oklahoma Daily . Oklahoma University . Retrieved 7 October 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b Pous, Terri. "Internet Tumblr of the Week: Your LL Bean Boyfriend" (http://newsfeed.time.com/2012/12/07/tumblr-of-the-week-your-ll-bean-boyfriend/) . Time . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20141028084541/http://newsfeed.time.com/2012/12/07/tumblr-of-the-week-your-ll-bean-boyfriend/) from the original on 28 October 2014 . Retrieved 8 October 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Martinez, Fidel (2012-12-06). "Meet Your L.L. Bean Boyfriend" (http://www.dailydot.com/culture/your-ll-bean-boyfriend-tumblr/) . Daily Dot . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20141013144612/http://www.dailydot.com/culture/your-ll-bean-boyfriend-tumblr/) from the original on 13 October 2014 . Retrieved 8 October 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Bangor_Daily_News_6-0) Sarnacki, Aislinn. "Traffic to 'Your LL Bean Boyfriend' website by Cape Elizabeth native explodes" (http://bangordailynews.com/2012/12/06/living/traffic-to-your-ll-bean-boyfriend-website-by-cape-elizabeth-native-explodes/) . Bangor Daily News . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20141015110501/http://bangordailynews.com/2012/12/06/living/traffic-to-your-ll-bean-boyfriend-website-by-cape-elizabeth-native-explodes/) from the original on 15 October 2014 . Retrieved 8 October 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Lange, Maggie. "Andrew Garfield Will Be Emma Stone's L.L. Bean Boyfriend" (http://nymag.com/thecut/2014/03/andrew-garfield-to-be-emma-stones-ll-bean-bf.html) . New York Mag . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20141009130836/http://nymag.com/thecut/2014/03/andrew-garfield-to-be-emma-stones-ll-bean-bf.html) from the original on 9 October 2014 . Retrieved 8 October 2014 . 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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Badges (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Badges) . The main article for this category (/wiki/Help:Categories) is Badge (/wiki/Badge) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐sc222 Cached time: 20240721111911 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.060 seconds Real time usage: 0.091 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 151/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2802/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 232/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1528/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.034/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1225840/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 82.475 1 -total 75.96% 62.650 1 Template:Commonscat 71.98% 59.363 1 Template:Sister_project 70.29% 57.968 1 Template:Side_box 32.51% 26.810 2 Template:If_then_show 23.95% 19.752 1 Template:Cat_main Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:28137246-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721111911 and revision id 1231054353. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 3 subcategories, out of 3 total. B British Army Cap badges (/wiki/Category:British_Army_Cap_badges) ‎ (19 F) H Heraldic badges (/wiki/Category:Heraldic_badges) ‎ (1 C, 14 P) M Military badges (/wiki/Category:Military_badges) ‎ (4 C, 1 P) Pages in category "Badges" The following 26 pages are in this category, out of 26 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . Badge (/wiki/Badge) A ANZAC A badge (/wiki/ANZAC_A_badge) Award pin (/wiki/Award_pin) B Badge of honour (/wiki/Badge_of_honour) Badge of the Royal Air Force (/wiki/Badge_of_the_Royal_Air_Force) Beggar's badge (/wiki/Beggar%27s_badge) Blue Peter badge (/wiki/Blue_Peter_badge) Broken Cornflower badge (/wiki/Broken_Cornflower_badge) C Cap badge (/wiki/Cap_badge) Chairman Mao badge (/wiki/Chairman_Mao_badge) D Diploma of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (/wiki/Diploma_of_the_Verkhovna_Rada_of_Ukraine) Dunstable Swan Jewel (/wiki/Dunstable_Swan_Jewel) Dutch Republic Lion (/wiki/Dutch_Republic_Lion) H Honorary Diploma of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (/wiki/Honorary_Diploma_of_the_Cabinet_of_Ministers_of_Ukraine) Honorary Diploma of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (/wiki/Honorary_Diploma_of_the_Verkhovna_Rada_of_Ukraine) I Irish Defence Forces cap badge (/wiki/Irish_Defence_Forces_cap_badge) J Jugate (/wiki/Jugate) K Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il badges (/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung_and_Kim_Jong_Il_badges) L Lapel pin (/wiki/Lapel_pin) N Name tag (/wiki/Name_tag) Nursing pin (/wiki/Nursing_pin) P Pilgrim badge (/wiki/Pilgrim_badge) Pin trading (/wiki/Pin_trading) Pin-back button (/wiki/Pin-back_button) Prize of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (/wiki/Prize_of_the_Verkhovna_Rada_of_Ukraine) S Stinking badges (/wiki/Stinking_badges) Media in category "Badges" The following 11 files are in this category, out of 11 total. 0–9 File:3CBAS Squadron Badge.png (/wiki/File:3CBAS_Squadron_Badge.png) File:10th Parachute Brigade cap badge with black backing.svg (/wiki/File:10th_Parachute_Brigade_cap_badge_with_black_backing.svg) B File:Badge of a Prince George's County Sheriff's Office deputy.png (/wiki/File:Badge_of_a_Prince_George%27s_County_Sheriff%27s_Office_deputy.png) File:Badge of a Rockville City Police Department officer.png (/wiki/File:Badge_of_a_Rockville_City_Police_Department_officer.png) File:Badge of the Gaithersburg Police Department.png (/wiki/File:Badge_of_the_Gaithersburg_Police_Department.png) C File:Commando badge small.jpg (/wiki/File:Commando_badge_small.jpg) E File:Elite Forces JMF Badge.svg (/wiki/File:Elite_Forces_JMF_Badge.svg) M File:Malaysian Army 10 Para TFP.svg (/wiki/File:Malaysian_Army_10_Para_TFP.svg) File:Malaysian Army 10 Parachute Brigade (10 Para) Insignia.svg (/wiki/File:Malaysian_Army_10_Parachute_Brigade_(10_Para)_Insignia.svg) R File:RMAF Regiment Crest.svg (/wiki/File:RMAF_Regiment_Crest.svg) File:RMN PASKAL Emblem.svg (/wiki/File:RMN_PASKAL_Emblem.svg) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Badges&oldid=1231054353 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Badges&oldid=1231054353) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Symbols (/wiki/Category:Symbols) Clothing by type (/wiki/Category:Clothing_by_type) Parts of clothing (/wiki/Category:Parts_of_clothing) Orders, decorations, and medals (/wiki/Category:Orders,_decorations,_and_medals) Award items (/wiki/Category:Award_items) Hidden category: Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata)
Hong Kong socialites (/wiki/Socialite) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐mzj8z Cached time: 20240721121325 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.002 seconds Real time usage: 0.005 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 1/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:37737938-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721121325 and revision id 1071799319. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Hong Kong socialites" The following 4 pages are in this category, out of 4 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . B Olivia Buckingham (/wiki/Olivia_Buckingham) C Feiping Chang (/wiki/Feiping_Chang) L Eunice Lam (/wiki/Eunice_Lam) T David Tang (/wiki/David_Tang) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Hong_Kong_socialites&oldid=1071799319 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Hong_Kong_socialites&oldid=1071799319) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Socialites by nationality (/wiki/Category:Socialites_by_nationality) Hong Kong people by occupation (/wiki/Category:Hong_Kong_people_by_occupation) Chinese socialites (/wiki/Category:Chinese_socialites)
Jewelry produced in USSR between 1922 and 1991 Soviet jewelry (soviet jewellery) is primarily gold, silver, platinum and palladium jewelry produced in The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) (/wiki/USSR) between 1922 and 1991. Soviet gold rings with rubies. Soviet gold jewelry [ edit ] Gold jewelry was the most popular jewelry in the USSR. It was produced in lesser numbers than silver jewelry, yet it was the most desired metal by the Soviet public. The overwhelming majority of soviet gold jewelry was of rose or red 14 karat gold (583 millesimal fineness (/wiki/Millesimal_fineness) ). Although gold of other, higher and lower purity, as well as different colors was used in the soviet jewelry production, the 583 millesimal fineness became [ when? ] the most popular choice, by far. Soviet silver jewelry [ edit ] Kubachi-style (/wiki/Kubachi_silver) Soviet silver bracelets Soviet silver jewelry was the most produced fine jewelry in the USSR. The most common millesimal fineness for silver jewelry became "875". [ citation needed ] . Soviet platinum and palladium jewelry [ edit ] Soviet platinum and palladium jewelry was not very common in USSR. These metals were reserved for recognized jewelry artists, jewelry intended for export or for limited production jewelry. To date very few of these items survived. [ citation needed ] Classification [ edit ] Soviet jewelry falls under the category of art, antiques and collectibles which are all grouped and defined as Movable Cultural Property (/wiki/Cultural_property) . [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Although all Soviet jewelry can be called art (/wiki/Art) , most of jewelry from USSR is considered to be collectibles (/wiki/Collectibles) and some, depending on the jurisdiction under which they are located, are (or soon to become) legitimate antiques (/wiki/Antiques) . See also [ edit ] Kubachi silver (/wiki/Kubachi_silver) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Movable Cultural Property Program - Heritage Objects and Spaces - Topics" (http://www.pch.gc.ca/eng/1268673230268) . Pch.gc.ca. 2012-08-22 . Retrieved 2013-10-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict with Regulations for the Execution of the Convention" (http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=13637&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html) . Portal.unesco.org . Retrieved 2013-10-01 . Soviet Jewelers - Works by Masters of Soviet Republics 1960s-1970s, Sovetsky Hudozhnik Publishers, 1980, Moscow, 460 p., Б3-16-50-80 Каталог 1 - Товары народного потребления - Ювелирные изделия - Изделия из золота, изд.: ЦНИИТЭИприборостроения, 1985, Москва,160 ст. Каталог 2 - Товары народного потребления - Ювелирные изделия - Изделия из серебра, изд.: ЦНИИТЭИприборостроения, 1985, Москва,64 ст. Справочник - Клейма на изделиях из драгоценных металлов 1917-2000гг (СССР-Россия), Н. Г. Троепольская, Collectors Books, 2000, Moscow, 720 p., ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1-93252538-6 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-93252538-6) Советские ювелирные изделия - 3 книги в 1, Тамойкин Д., 2013, Канада, 449 ст., ил. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-9920793-0-7 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9920793-0-7) Ювелирные изделия и часы, В. А. Селиванкин, С. В. Тарасов, Госторгиздат, 1960, Москва, 224 ст. ил. Ювелирные товары и часы - Товароведение, В. Д. Логинов, ПТУ / Государственная торговля, Экономика, 1989, Москва, 208 ст. ил. 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Honorata Skarbek Background information Birth name Honorata Skarbek Also known as Honey Born ( 1992-12-23 ) 23 December 1992 (age 31) [1] (#cite_note-1) Zgorzelec (/wiki/Zgorzelec) ( Poland (/wiki/Poland) ) Genres Pop (/wiki/Pop_music) Instrument(s) Piano (/wiki/Piano) Years active since 2009 Labels Magic Records (/wiki/Magic_Records) Website honorata-skarbek (http://honorata-skarbek.com) .com (http://honorata-skarbek.com) Musical artist Honorata Skarbek , also known as Honey , (born 23 December 1992) is a Polish (/wiki/Polish_people) professional singer, songwriter and fashion blogger (/wiki/Fashion_blog) . [2] (#cite_note-onet-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-gala-4) Award winner at the festival TOPtrendy 2011 in Sopot [5] (#cite_note-5) and VIVA (/wiki/Viva_(TV_station)) Comet Awards 2012 in the category debut of the year. [6] (#cite_note-6) Her debut album, "Honey", released on 28 March 2011 was promoted by such hits as "No One", "Runaway", and "Sabotage". In 2013 the singer was nominated for Kids' Choice Award 2013. She was a support act during the first Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) concert in Poland, which took place on 25 March 2013 at the Atlas Arena in Łódź (/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA) . [7] (#cite_note-7) Her second album, "Million", was released on 16 April 2013. First promo single was "Lalalove" (English version is called "Don't Love Me"). The second single from this album is called "Nie powiem jak" (Aeroplane) and is taking premiere on 25 March 2013. [8] (#cite_note-8) Discography [ edit ] Studio albums [ edit ] Title Album details Peak chart positions Sales Certifications (/wiki/List_of_music_recording_certifications) POL (/wiki/OLiS) [9] (#cite_note-onyx-9) Honey Released: 21 March 2011 [10] (#cite_note-interia-10) Label: Universal Music Polska, Magic Records Formats: CD, digital download — POL: 15,000+ [11] (#cite_note-zpavcertcrieria-11) POL: Gold [12] (#cite_note-zpavgold2014-12) Million Released: 16 April 2013 [13] (#cite_note-interia2-13) Label: Universal Music Polska, Magic Records Formats: CD, digital download [14] (#cite_note-apple-14) 39 POL: 15,000+ [11] (#cite_note-zpavcertcrieria-11) POL: Gold [12] (#cite_note-zpavgold2014-12) Puzzle Released: 31 July 2015 Label: Universal Music Polska, Magic Records Formats: CD, digital download 28 Sunset Released: 11 May 2018 Label: Universal Music Polska, Magic Records Formats: CD, digital download 27 "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory. Singles [ edit ] Title Year Peak chart positions Album POL (JUMPS) [15] (#cite_note-zpav-15) POL (NEW) [16] (#cite_note-zpav2-16) [17] (#cite_note-zpav3-17) [18] (#cite_note-zpav4-18) "No One" 2011 — — Honey "Runaway" — 2 "Sabotaż" — 1 "Lalalove (Don't Love Me)" [19] (#cite_note-apple2-19) 2013 — — Million "Lalalove (Don't Love Me) (Michael Bear RMX)" [20] (#cite_note-apple3-20) — — non-album single "Insomnia" [21] (#cite_note-apple4-21) — — Million "Nie powiem jak" 1 1 "Fenyloetyloamina" — — "Fenyloetyloamina (FIVER Remix)" [22] (#cite_note-apple5-22) 2014 — — non-album single "GPS" [23] (#cite_note-apple6-23) — — Puzzle "Naga" — — "Damy radę" 2015 — — "Morze słów" — — "Święta cały rok" — — non-album single "Na koniec świata" 2017 — — Sunset "Zasady" 2018 — — "Tylko mój" (ft. Marta Gałuszewska (/wiki/Marta_Ga%C5%82uszewska) and Ewelina Lisowska (/wiki/Ewelina_Lisowska) ) — — (soundtrack) "Świat jest nasz" — — Sunset "Chora" (ft. Wdowa) — — "Friendzone" 2019 — — non-album single "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory. Tours [ edit ] Headlining [ edit ] The Sabotage Tour (2011–2013) My Name Is Million Tour (2013–2014) Puzzle Tour (2015–2016) Supporting [ edit ] Justin Bieber (/wiki/Justin_Bieber) – Believe Tour (/wiki/Believe_Tour) (2013; Poland) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Honorata Honey Skarbek Official Blog: Biografia" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130423121658/http://www.honorata-skarbek.com/p/biografia.html) . Archived from the original (http://www.honorata-skarbek.com/p/biografia.html) on 2013-04-23 . Retrieved 2013-03-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-onet_2-0) "Jak ubiera się najsłynniejsza blogerka modowa w Polsce? - Plejada.pl" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150422211905/http://plejada.onet.pl/newsy/jak-ubiera-sie-najslynniejsza-blogerka-modowa-w-polsce/jyexs) . plejada.onet.pl. Archived from the original (http://plejada.onet.pl/newsy/jak-ubiera-sie-najslynniejsza-blogerka-modowa-w-polsce/jyexs) on 22 April 2015 . Retrieved 15 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "#mypolishdream - Newsy" (https://web.archive.org/web/20130821032427/http://www.mtv.pl/newsy/26903-mypolishdream) . Archived from the original (http://www.mtv.pl/newsy/26903-mypolishdream) on 2013-08-21 . Retrieved 2013-08-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-gala_4-0) "Gwiazda Honorata Skarbek "Honey" - www.Gala.pl - Ekskluzywny serwis o gwiazdach" (https://web.archive.org/web/20201026044718/https://www.gala.pl/gwiazda/honorata-skarbek-honey) . gala.pl. Archived from the original (http://www.gala.pl/gwiazda/honorata-skarbek-honey) on 26 October 2020 . Retrieved 15 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Są zwycięzcy Top Trendy 2011" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150923202155/http://www.cgm.pl/aktualnosci,16104,sa_zwyciezcy_top_trendy_2011,news.html) . cgm.pl . 6 June 2011. Archived from the original (http://www.cgm.pl/aktualnosci,16104,sa_zwyciezcy_top_trendy_2011,news.html) on 23 September 2015 . Retrieved 25 March 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Honey: Cometa za Debiut Roku" (http://www.interia.tv/wideo-honey-cometa-za-debiut-roku,vId,701340) . Interia.pl (/wiki/Interia.pl) . 24 February 2012 . Retrieved 25 March 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Występ Justina Biebera poprzedzi Honey" (https://web.archive.org/web/20141016231041/http://muzyka.interia.pl/pop/news/wystep-justina-biebera-poprzedzi-honey%2C1904128%2C44) . Interia.pl (/wiki/Interia.pl) . 22 March 2013. Archived from the original (http://muzyka.interia.pl/pop/news/wystep-justina-biebera-poprzedzi-honey,1904128,44) on 16 October 2014 . Retrieved 25 March 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Nie Powiem Jak – Honey. Premiera nowego singla Honey w poniedziałek w Gorącej 20" (http://www.eska.pl/news/nie_powiem_jak_-_honey_premiera_nowego_singla_honey_w_poniedzialek_w_goracej_20_video/80127) . Eska TV (/wiki/Eska_TV) . 25 March 2013 . Retrieved 25 March 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-onyx_9-0) "Oficjalna lista sprzedaży :: OLiS - Official Retail Sales Chart" (http://olis.onyx.pl/listy/index.asp?idlisty=804&lang=en) . olis.onyx.pl . Retrieved 15 May 2016 . "Oficjalna lista sprzedaży :: OLiS - Official Retail Sales Chart" (http://olis.onyx.pl/listy/index.asp?idlisty=964&lang=en) . olis.onyx.pl . Retrieved 10 October 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-interia_10-0) "Honorata Skarbek - Honey - Muzyka w Interia.pl" (http://muzyka.interia.pl/plyty/plyta/honey-honey,296507) . muzyka.interia.pl . Retrieved 15 May 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b "ZPAV :: Bestsellery i wyróżnienia - Wyróżnienia - Regulamin" (http://bestsellery.zpav.pl/wyroznienia/regulamin.php) . bestsellery.zpav.pl . Retrieved 15 May 2016 . ^ Jump up to: a b "ZPAV :: Bestsellery i wyróżnienia - Wyróżnienia - Złote płyty CD" (http://bestsellery.zpav.pl/wyroznienia/zloteplyty/cd.php) . bestsellery.zpav.pl . Retrieved 15 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-interia2_13-0) "Honorata Skarbek - Million - Muzyka w Interia.pl" (http://muzyka.interia.pl/plyty/plyta/honey-million,367577) . muzyka.interia.pl . Retrieved 15 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-apple_14-0) "Million by Honey Honorata Skarbek on iTunes" (https://itunes.apple.com/pl/album/million/id616728505) . itunes.apple.com. 16 April 2013 . Retrieved 15 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-zpav_15-0) "ZPAV :: Bestsellery i wyróżnienia - AirPlays - Największe skoki - Archiwum" (http://bestsellery.zpav.pl/airplays/pozostale/archiwum.php?year=2013&typ=skoki&idlisty=958) . bestsellery.zpav.pl . Retrieved 15 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-zpav2_16-0) "ZPAV :: Bestsellery i wyróżnienia - AirPlays - Nowości - Archiwum" (http://bestsellery.zpav.pl/airplays/pozostale/archiwum.php?year=2011&typ=nowosci&idlisty=430#title) . bestsellery.zpav.pl . Retrieved 15 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-zpav3_17-0) "ZPAV :: Bestsellery i wyróżnienia - AirPlays - Nowości - Archiwum" (http://bestsellery.zpav.pl/airplays/pozostale/archiwum.php?year=2012&typ=nowosci&idlisty=573#title) . bestsellery.zpav.pl . Retrieved 15 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-zpav4_18-0) "ZPAV :: Bestsellery i wyróżnienia - AirPlays - Nowości - Archiwum" (http://bestsellery.zpav.pl/airplays/pozostale/archiwum.php?year=2013&typ=nowosci&idlisty=955#title) . bestsellery.zpav.pl . Retrieved 15 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-apple2_19-0) "Don't Love Me (Radio Edit) - Single by Honey Honorata Skarbek on iTunes" (https://itunes.apple.com/pl/album/dont-love-me-radio-edit-single/id603984341) . itunes.apple.com. 14 February 2013 . Retrieved 15 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-apple3_20-0) "Lalalove (Michael Bear RMX) - Single by Honey Honorata Skarbek on iTunes" (https://itunes.apple.com/pl/album/lalalove-michael-bear-rmx/id594461129) . itunes.apple.com. 17 January 2013 . Retrieved 15 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-apple4_21-0) "Insomnia - Single by Honey Honorata Skarbek on iTunes" (https://itunes.apple.com/pl/album/insomnia-single/id714128719) . itunes.apple.com. 23 September 2013 . Retrieved 15 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-apple5_22-0) "Fenyloetyloamina (FIVER Remix) - Single by Honey Honorata Skarbek on iTunes" (https://itunes.apple.com/pl/album/fenyloetyloamina-fiver-remix/id811263892) . itunes.apple.com. 30 January 2014 . Retrieved 15 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-apple6_23-0) "GPS - Single by Honey Honorata Skarbek on iTunes" (https://itunes.apple.com/pl/album/gps-single/id875266342) . itunes.apple.com. 9 May 2014 . Retrieved 15 May 2016 . Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000407631390) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/302035702) National Poland (https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810574514605606) Artists MusicBrainz (https://musicbrainz.org/artist/efcf654e-6d3b-48f5-a6ae-11d293da620c) This article about a Polish musician is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Honorata_Skarbek&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐72rjc Cached time: 20240712172356 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.475 seconds Real time usage: 0.878 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1727/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 53309/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1159/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 97532/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.322/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6514478/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 531.169 1 -total 40.54% 215.362 1 Template:Reflist 34.32% 182.323 1 Template:Infobox_musical_artist 32.08% 170.399 20 Template:Cite_web 23.83% 126.586 1 Template:Infobox 16.98% 90.192 1 Template:Authority_control 11.72% 62.233 2 Template:Br_separated_entries 9.47% 50.278 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age 8.47% 45.012 1 Template:Short_description 5.65% 29.986 1 Template:Poland-musician-stub Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:38900078-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712172356 and revision id 1232877334. 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Find sources: "Troy Costa" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Troy+Costa%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Troy+Costa%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Troy+Costa%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Troy+Costa%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Troy+Costa%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Troy+Costa%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( February 2019 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Indian fashion designer Troy Costa Born 1975 (age 48–49) [ citation needed ] Bombay (/wiki/Bombay) , Maharashtra (/wiki/Maharashtra) , India Nationality Indian Occupation Fashion Designer (/wiki/Fashion_Designer) Known for Men's Label "Troy Costa" Troy Costa (born 1975) [ citation needed ] is an Indian fashion designer based in Mumbai (/wiki/Mumbai) who owns the Troy Costa menswear label. [1] (#cite_note-1) Known as the man who suits up India's rich and powerful, [2] (#cite_note-hindustantimes.com-2) Troy launched his bespoke menswear fashion label 'Troy Costa Designs' in 2008 after the runaway success of his shows at the 'Dubai Fashion Week' [3] (#cite_note-3) and the 'Lakme Fashion Week'. [4] (#cite_note-mid-day.com-4) His signature style of sharp lines and understated chic has propelled him to become couturier to some of the best-known names in India such as film stars Hrithik Roshan, Anil Kapoor, Saif Ali Khan Pataudi and in 2014 he was hired to design a new look for Indian Prime Minister, Narendra Modi [2] (#cite_note-hindustantimes.com-2) Early life [ edit ] Born and brought up in Bombay (/wiki/Bombay) (now Mumbai), Costa grew up in a Catholic family, his father is Goan (/wiki/Goan) , while his mother is Portuguese. [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-ht-6) Career [ edit ] He started his career in 2003, designing both men and women's wear and even showcased 'Helen-of-Troy' a women's line at Dubai Fashion Week in 2010 [7] (#cite_note-7) though gradually he shifted focus to menswear. [6] (#cite_note-ht-6) He opened his flagship store in 2011 in Khar West (/wiki/Khar,_Mumbai) in Mumbai. [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-timeout-9) Over the years, he has designed clothes for 35 Bollywood (/wiki/Bollywood) films, [10] (#cite_note-10) Bollywood actors including Hrithik Roshan (/wiki/Hrithik_Roshan) , Aamir Khan (/wiki/Aamir_Khan) , Shahid Kapoor (/wiki/Shahid_Kapoor) , Saif Ali Khan (/wiki/Saif_Ali_Khan) , Anil Kapoor (/wiki/Anil_Kapoor) , Farhan Akhtar (/wiki/Farhan_Akhtar) , Ayushmann Khurrana (/wiki/Ayushmann_Khurrana) and Vir Das (/wiki/Vir_Das) , besides various sports and business personalities. [6] (#cite_note-ht-6) [9] (#cite_note-timeout-9) Between 2008 and 2011, the Troy Costa label menswear collections were curated for a number of fashion shows across India and the Middle East. Theme's like 'Man in the Mirror' and 'Sports Couture' at the Dubai International Fashion Week [11] (#cite_note-11) and 'Una Dia En Habana' at the Lakme Fashion Week [12] (#cite_note-12) graced the catwalks with 21st century, avant-garde flamboyant creations that brought in the metrosexual, androgynous unisex look for men's clothing [4] (#cite_note-mid-day.com-4) The Ku De Ta collection at the Van Heusen India Men's Week, Spring Summer 2010 collection [13] (#cite_note-13) underpinned Troy's signature sharp silhouettes and subtle glamour balanced with the right choice of fabrics creating a niche for this up and coming designer and winning accolades and rave reviews all around. With Troy Costa's The Great Gatsby Collection that showcased his Winter 2013 ensemble at Lakme Fashion Week 2013 he introduced a line of formal coats and suits paired with luxury cotton jeans and formal plain shirts with his interpretation of the decadence, idealism and quixotic charm that defined the time [14] (#cite_note-14) At the 2013 autumn-winter Lakme Fashion Week (/wiki/Lakme_Fashion_Week) , he received acclaim for his menswear. [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) In 2014, the newly appointed PM, Narendra Modi appointed Costa for wardrobe change, ahead of PM's first important overseas visit, to the BRICS summit (/wiki/6th_BRICS_summit) in Brazil and subsequent US visit. [17] (#cite_note-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) Recently, [ when? ] he won an award from Hindustan Times 'Mumbai's Most Stylish 2015'. [ citation needed ] References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Meher Castelino (13 July 2014). "Rise of the well-dressed male" (http://www.mid-day.com/articles/rise-of-the-well-dressed-male/15444176) . MiD DAY (/wiki/MiD_DAY) . Retrieved 2 August 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Meet Troy Costa, the man who suits up India's rich and powerful" (https://www.hindustantimes.com/brunch/meet-troy-costa-the-man-who-suits-up-india-s-rich-and-powerful/story-nfiLRetXuY6hcjZwqe11vM.html) . Hindustantimes.com/ . 3 September 2016 . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Five designers debut at Dubai Fashion Week | GulfNews.com" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180722184726/https://gulfnews.com/life-style/glamour/five-designers-debut-at-dubai-fashion-week-1.457749) . Archived from the original (https://gulfnews.com/life-style/glamour/five-designers-debut-at-dubai-fashion-week-1.457749) on 22 July 2018 . Retrieved 22 July 2018 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Rise of the well-dressed male" (https://www.mid-day.com/articles/rise-of-the-well-dressed-male/15444176) . Mid-day.com . 13 July 2014 . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Shruti Thacker (27 September 2010). "Fashion Focus: Troy Costa gets Candid" (http://www.vogue.in/content/troy-costa-gets-candid) . Vogue India (/wiki/Vogue_India) . Retrieved 2 August 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Snigdha Ahuja (1 August 2014). "Troy Costa: Meet Prime Minister Narendra Modi's new designer" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140801194239/http://www.hindustantimes.com/lifestyle/fashion/troy-costa-meet-prime-minister-narendra-modi-s-new-designer/article1-1247157.aspx) . Hindustan Times (/wiki/Hindustan_Times) . Archived from the original (http://www.hindustantimes.com/lifestyle/fashion/troy-costa-meet-prime-minister-narendra-modi-s-new-designer/article1-1247157.aspx) on 1 August 2014 . Retrieved 2 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Fashion designer Troy Costa speaks about his women's wear line and more" (https://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report-fashion-designer-troy-costa-speaks-about-his-women-s-wear-line-and-more-1433687) . Dnaindia.com . 5 September 2010 . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Troy Costa store launches in Mumbai" (http://www.gqindia.com/content/troy-costa-launches-mumbai) . GQ India (/wiki/GQ_(Indian_edition)) . Retrieved 2 August 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Shopping: Troy Costa: Mens Apparel" (http://www.timeoutmumbai.net/shopping/reviews/troy-costa) . Time Out Mumbai (/wiki/Time_Out_India) . 28 November 2011 . Retrieved 2 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Fashion Designer Profiles: Troy Costa" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140401084150/http://ftv.co.in/buzz/designer/troy_costa/) . Fashion TV (/wiki/Fashion_TV) India. Archived from the original (http://www.ftv.co.in/buzz/designer/troy_costa/) on 1 April 2014 . Retrieved 2 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Troy Costa" (https://fashionfad.in/designer-biography/troy-costa/) . Fashionfad.in . 25 September 2009 . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "A Fine & Dandy Display From Troy Costa at Lakme Fashion Week" (https://www.missmalini.com/2013/08/26/a-fine-dandy-display-from-troy-costa-at-lakme-fashion-week/) . MissMalini.com . 26 August 2013 . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Van Heusen Men's Week 2010 – Day 1" (https://punvirdi.wordpress.com/2010/08/28/van-heusen-mens-week-day-1/) . Punvirdi.wordpress.com . 28 August 2010 . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Troy Costa's The Great Gatsby Collection - Lakme Fashion Week Winter / Festive 2013 Day 2" (http://sarrkaaa.blogspot.com/2013/08/troy-costa-great-gatsby-collection.html) . Sarrkaaa.blogspot.com . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Male Order" (http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/male-order-4/) . The Indian Express (/wiki/The_Indian_Express) . Retrieved 2 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Fashion Statement" (http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/entertainment-others/fashion-statement-2/) . The Indian Express. 30 August 2013 . Retrieved 2 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "The dandy Mr Modi: PM's fashion designer is all western, no swadeshi" (http://www.firstpost.com/living/the-dandy-mr-modi-pms-fashion-designer-is-all-western-no-swadeshi-1627255.html) . Firstpost (/wiki/Firstpost) . 21 July 2014 . Retrieved 2 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Narendra Modi out to make strong fashion statement in US; hires high-profile designer Troy Costa" (http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-07-21/news/51831072_1_narendra-modi-signature-modi-jade-blue) . The Economic Times (/wiki/The_Economic_Times) . 21 July 2014 . Retrieved 2 August 2014 . External links [ edit ] "FDCI Designer Member: Troy Costa" (http://www.fdci.org/Member.aspx?mid=2120588211) . Fashion Design Council of India (/wiki/Fashion_Design_Council_of_India) (FDCI). 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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jackets (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Jackets) . The main article for this category (/wiki/Help:Categories) is Jacket (/wiki/Jacket) . Waist or hip-length garments worn over other clothes, typically for warmth or weather protection. Includes both indoor and outdoor. For longer garments, see Coats (/wiki/Category:Coats_(clothing)) . 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total. I Individual jackets (/wiki/Category:Individual_jackets) ‎ (2 P) L Lounge jackets (/wiki/Category:Lounge_jackets) ‎ (15 P) Pages in category "Jackets" The following 91 pages are in this category, out of 91 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . Jacket (/wiki/Jacket) A A-2 jacket (/wiki/A-2_jacket) Afghan (blanket) (/wiki/Afghan_(blanket)) Amauti (/wiki/Amauti) Argyll jacket (/wiki/Argyll_jacket) Attila (clothing) (/wiki/Attila_(clothing)) B Basque (clothing) (/wiki/Basque_(clothing)) Bed jacket (/wiki/Bed_jacket) Bedgown (/wiki/Bedgown) Bell-boy jacket (/wiki/Bell-boy_jacket) Bijia (/wiki/Bijia) Blouson (/wiki/Blouson) Brunswick (clothing) (/wiki/Brunswick_(clothing)) C Cagoule (/wiki/Cagoule) Caraco (/wiki/Caraco) Chapan (/wiki/Chapan) Chore jacket (/wiki/Chore_jacket) Chugha (/wiki/Chugha) Coatee (/wiki/Coatee) Cooper A-2 jacket (/wiki/Cooper_A-2_jacket) Cut-off (/wiki/Cut-off) D Donkey jacket (/wiki/Donkey_jacket) Double-breasted (/wiki/Double-breasted) Doublet (clothing) (/wiki/Doublet_(clothing)) Doublet (Highland dress) (/wiki/Doublet_(Highland_dress)) Down jacket (/wiki/Down_jacket) Durumagi (/wiki/Durumagi) E Eight-ball jacket (/wiki/Eight-ball_jacket) Eisenhower jacket (/wiki/Eisenhower_jacket) Electric jacket (/wiki/Electric_jacket) F Flak jacket (/wiki/Flak_jacket) Fleece jacket (/wiki/Fleece_jacket) Flight jacket (/wiki/Flight_jacket) Floating canvas (/wiki/Floating_canvas) Fracket (/wiki/Fracket) G G-1 military flight jacket (/wiki/G-1_military_flight_jacket) Gilet (/wiki/Gilet) Goggle jacket (/wiki/Goggle_jacket) H Haori (/wiki/Haori) Harrington jacket (/wiki/Harrington_jacket) Htaingmathein (/wiki/Htaingmathein) J Jean jacket (/wiki/Jean_jacket) Jerkin (/wiki/Jerkin) Jinbei (/wiki/Jinbei) Jodhpuri (/wiki/Jodhpuri) Jupe (clothing) (/wiki/Jupe_(clothing)) K Karakou (/wiki/Karakou) Kurtka (/wiki/Kurtka) L Lapel (/wiki/Lapel) Leather jacket (/wiki/Leather_jacket) Letterman (sports) (/wiki/Letterman_(sports)) Lord Anthony (/wiki/Lord_Anthony) M M-1951 field jacket (/wiki/M-1951_field_jacket) M-1965 field jacket (/wiki/M-1965_field_jacket) M1941 Field Jacket (/wiki/M1941_Field_Jacket) MA-1 bomber jacket (/wiki/MA-1_bomber_jacket) MA-2 bomber jacket (/wiki/MA-2_bomber_jacket) Machina (company) (/wiki/Machina_(company)) Mackinaw jacket (/wiki/Mackinaw_jacket) Magua (clothing) (/wiki/Magua_(clothing)) Mandilion (/wiki/Mandilion) Mess jacket (/wiki/Mess_jacket) Michiyuki (disambiguation) (/wiki/Michiyuki_(disambiguation)) Mirzai (garment) (/wiki/Mirzai_(garment)) Monkey jacket (/wiki/Monkey_jacket) Motorcycle personal protective equipment (/wiki/Motorcycle_personal_protective_equipment) Mujib coat (/wiki/Mujib_coat) N Nehru jacket (/wiki/Nehru_jacket) Norfolk jacket (/wiki/Norfolk_jacket) P Parka (/wiki/Parka) Pea coat (/wiki/Pea_coat) Peplum jacket (/wiki/Peplum_jacket) Perfecto motorcycle jacket (/wiki/Perfecto_motorcycle_jacket) Personal flotation device (/wiki/Personal_flotation_device) Prince Charlie jacket (/wiki/Prince_Charlie_jacket) S Sadri (clothing) (/wiki/Sadri_(clothing)) Safari jacket (/wiki/Safari_jacket) Shell jacket (/wiki/Shell_jacket) Single-breasted (/wiki/Single-breasted) Ski suit (/wiki/Ski_suit) Springbok colours (/wiki/Springbok_colours) Straitjacket (/wiki/Straitjacket) Student boilersuit (/wiki/Student_boilersuit) T Tangzhuang (/wiki/Tangzhuang) Telogreika (/wiki/Telogreika) Tunic (military) (/wiki/Tunic_(military)) W Wamus (/wiki/Wamus) Waxed jacket (/wiki/Waxed_jacket) White coat (/wiki/White_coat) Windbreaker (/wiki/Windbreaker) Z Zouave jacket (/wiki/Zouave_jacket) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Jackets&oldid=1094166729 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Jackets&oldid=1094166729) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing by type (/wiki/Category:Clothing_by_type) Outerwear (/wiki/Category:Outerwear) Hidden category: Commons category link is on Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata)
South Korean actress (born 1992) In this Korean name (/wiki/Korean_name) , the family name is Ahn (/wiki/Ahn_(Korean_surname)) . Ahn So-hee Ahn in 2022 Born ( 1992-06-27 ) June 27, 1992 (age 32) Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) , South Korea [1] (#cite_note-1) Occupations Actress singer Years active 2004–present Agent BH Entertainment Musical career Genres K-pop (/wiki/K-pop) Instrument(s) Vocals Years active 2007–2013 Labels JYP (/wiki/JYP_Entertainment) Formerly of Wonder Girls (/wiki/Wonder_Girls) JYP Nation (/wiki/JYP_Entertainment#Artists) Musical artist Korean name Hangul (/wiki/Hangul) 안소희 Hanja (/wiki/Hanja) 安 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%AE%89) 昭 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%98%AD) 熙 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%86%99) Revised Romanization (/wiki/Revised_Romanization_of_Korean) An So-hui McCune–Reischauer (/wiki/McCune%E2%80%93Reischauer) An Sohŭi Website bhent.co.kr (https://bhent.co.kr/en/artist/an-so-hee) Ahn So-hee ( Korean (/wiki/Korean_language) : 안소희 ; born June 27, 1992), known mononymously (/wiki/Mononym) Sohee , is a South Korean actress and former singer. She is a former member of the South Korean girl group (/wiki/Girl_group) Wonder Girls (/wiki/Wonder_Girls) . She is best known for her performance in the film Train to Busan (/wiki/Train_to_Busan) (2016). Early life [ edit ] Ahn So-hee was born on June 27, 1992, in South Korea. [2] (#cite_note-Russell2014-2) She was selected through auditions and, at the age of 12, she became a JYP Entertainment (/wiki/JYP_Entertainment) (JYPE) trainee. [ citation needed ] Career [ edit ] 2004: Acting debut [ edit ] Ahn made her acting debut in 2004 at the age of 12 with a minor role in Yu Dae-eol's short film The Synesthesia for Overtone Construction , in which Ahn portrayed a deaf girl. [ citation needed ] 2007–2012: Debut with Wonder Girls and acting career [ edit ] Main article: Wonder Girls (/wiki/Wonder_Girls) In 2007, she was revealed as a third member of Wonder Girls (/wiki/Wonder_Girls) , a girl group managed by JYP Entertainment, after two years of training. The group debuted with the single " Irony ", featuring Sohee as a dancer and vocalist with the group. The group quickly rose to stardom with their hits "Tell Me", "So Hot" and "Nobody" in less than two years from their debut. Ahn was nicknamed " Nation's Little Sister (/wiki/Nation%27s_Little_Sister) " by the media. [3] (#cite_note-3) In early 2008, Ahn made her big screen debut alongside Lee Mi-sook (/wiki/Lee_Mi-sook) and Kim Min-hee (/wiki/Kim_Min-hee_(actress,_born_1982)) in the romantic comedy Hellcats (/wiki/Hellcats_(film)) , directed by Kwon Chil-in of Singles (/wiki/Singles_(2003_film)) . The film is adapted from the popular Korean comic 10, 20 and 30 , and is about the views of modern Korean women towards love and life. [4] (#cite_note-hellcats-4) 2013–2015: Leading role and quitting Wonder Girls [ edit ] In 2013, Ahn landed first leading role in Happy! Rose Day alongside Jung Woong-in (/wiki/Jung_Woong-in) , a drama about a girl in her early 20s who works at a flower shop. [5] (#cite_note-happy-rose-day-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) Ahn's career with JYPE and Wonder Girls came to an end in December 2013, when her contract with the company expired and she decided not to renew. [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) In 2014, Ahn signed a contract with the management agency BH Entertainment. [9] (#cite_note-9) The same year, she starred in tvN (/wiki/TVN_(South_Korea)) 's romantic comedy series Heart to Heart , playing an aspiring actress. [10] (#cite_note-heart-to-heart-10) In September 2015, Ahn's contract with BH Entertainment expired and she later signed with KeyEast (/wiki/KeyEast) . [11] (#cite_note-11) 2016–present: [ edit ] In 2016, she starred in South Korea's first zombie movie, Train to Busan (/wiki/Train_to_Busan) , playing a high school student and a loyal supporter of the baseball team. [12] (#cite_note-train-to-busan-12) The film premiered in the Midnight Screenings section at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival (/wiki/2016_Cannes_Film_Festival) on May 13, 2016 [13] (#cite_note-13) and later surpassed 11 million admissions. [14] (#cite_note-14) Despite the film's success, Ahn was criticized for her acting performance. [15] (#cite_note-15) [ unreliable source? ] Later that year, she featured in tvN's Korean remake (/wiki/Entourage_(South_Korean_TV_series)) of the American series Entourage (/wiki/Entourage_(U.S._TV_series)) , playing the love interest of Seo Kang-joon (/wiki/Seo_Kang-joon) 's character. [16] (#cite_note-entourage-16) In 2017, Ahn starred in the thriller A Single Rider (/wiki/A_Single_Rider) alongside Lee Byung-hun (/wiki/Lee_Byung-hun) and Gong Hyo-jin (/wiki/Gong_Hyo-jin) , where she received praise for her portrayal of a solitary teenager. [17] (#cite_note-single-rider-17) In 2018, Ahn acted as Anu, who is a lively and assertive Mongolian woman with Yeon Woo-jin (/wiki/Yeon_Woo-jin) as Hyuga, a pure-hearted Mongolian man on the short movie Anu and Hyuga , also known as Mongolian Love Story . [18] (#cite_note-anu-and-hyuga-18) In 2019, Ahn was cast as one of the female lead roles in Welcome to Waikiki 2 (/wiki/Welcome_to_Waikiki_2) . [19] (#cite_note-waikiki-19) In July 2019, she starred in a short film Memories , playing as a mysterious woman. [20] (#cite_note-memories-20) In 2022, Ahn starred in the drama Thirty-Nine (/wiki/Thirty-Nine) as Kim So-won, younger sister of Kim Seon-woo and a pianist. [21] (#cite_note-21) Discography [ edit ] Main article: Wonder Girls discography (/wiki/Wonder_Girls_discography) Filmography [ edit ] Film [ edit ] Year Title Role Notes Ref. 2004 The Synesthesia for Overtone Construction Deaf girl Short film [ citation needed ] 2008 Hellcats (/wiki/Hellcats_(film)) Kim Kang-ae [4] (#cite_note-hellcats-4) 2013 Mr. Go (/wiki/Mr._Go_(film)) Opening pitcher Scene was deleted and released in DVD [ citation needed ] 2015 C'est si bon (/wiki/C%27est_si_bon_(film)) Cameo [ citation needed ] 2016 Train to Busan (/wiki/Train_to_Busan) Jin-hee [12] (#cite_note-train-to-busan-12) 2017 A Single Rider (/wiki/A_Single_Rider) Ji-na [17] (#cite_note-single-rider-17) Real (/wiki/Real_(2017_film)) Chinatown sewing room worker Cameo [ citation needed ] 2018 Anu and Hyuga Anu Short film [18] (#cite_note-anu-and-hyuga-18) 2019 Memories Mysterious Woman Short film [20] (#cite_note-memories-20) 2022 The Night When the Moon Sets Yongsan [22] (#cite_note-22) Television series [ edit ] Year Title Role Notes Ref. 2008 Here He Comes Mal-hee Cameo [ citation needed ] 2012 Wonder Girls Sohee [ citation needed ] 2013 Happy! Rose Day Ah-reum [5] (#cite_note-happy-rose-day-5) 2015 Heart to Heart Go Se-ro [10] (#cite_note-heart-to-heart-10) 2016 Entourage (/wiki/Entourage_(South_Korean_TV_series)) Ahn So-hee [16] (#cite_note-entourage-16) 2019 Welcome to Waikiki 2 (/wiki/Welcome_to_Waikiki_2) Kim Jung-eun [19] (#cite_note-waikiki-19) 2020–2023 Missing: The Other Side (/wiki/Missing:_The_Other_Side) Lee Jong-ah Season 1–2 [23] (#cite_note-23) [24] (#cite_note-24) 2021 Drama Stage (/wiki/Drama_Stage) : "Attention Hog" Yoo Ha-na Season 4; one act-drama [25] (#cite_note-25) Dramaworld 2 (/wiki/Dramaworld) Cameo [26] (#cite_note-26) 2022 Thirty-Nine (/wiki/Thirty-Nine) Kim So-won [27] (#cite_note-27) Hosting [ edit ] Year Title Notes Ref. 2007–2008 Show! Music Core (/wiki/Show!_Music_Core) April 14, 2007, and November 10, 2007 – April 26, 2008 [ citation needed ] Theatre [ edit ] Theater play performances Year Title Role Theater Date Ref. 2024 Closer (/wiki/Closer_(play)) ( 클로저 ) Alice Plus Theater April 23 to July 14 [28] (#cite_note-28) Awards and nominations [ edit ] Name of the award ceremony, year presented, category, nominee of the award, and the result of the nomination Award ceremony Year Category Nominee / Work Result Ref. Buil Film Awards (/wiki/Buil_Film_Awards) 2008 (/wiki/17th_Buil_Film_Awards) Best New Actress Hellcats (/wiki/Hellcats_(film)) Nominated [ citation needed ] Jecheon International Music & Film Festival (/wiki/Jecheon_International_Music_%26_Film_Festival) 2017 JIMFF Star Award A Single Rider (/wiki/A_Single_Rider) Won [29] (#cite_note-29) Mnet 20's Choice Awards (/wiki/Mnet_20%27s_Choice_Awards) 2008 Hot School Girl Ahn So-hee Won [ citation needed ] References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "씨네폭스: 안소희" (http://cinefox.com/actor/view?isb=Y&movieman_seq=7561) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220807073451/http://cinefox.com/actor/view?isb=Y&movieman_seq=7561) from the original on August 7, 2022 . Retrieved August 7, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Russell2014_2-0) Mark Russell (April 29, 2014). K-Pop Now!: The Korean Music Revolution . Tuttle Publishing. p. 80. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4629-1411-1 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "국민여동생 '원더걸스'소희 애틋한 가족사 최초 공개" (http://woman.chosun.com/client/news/viw.asp?cate=C01&mcate=M1002&nNewsNumb=200803373_0) . The Chosun Ilbo (/wiki/The_Chosun_Ilbo) (in Korean). March 17, 2008. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170812022047/http://woman.chosun.com/client/news/viw.asp?cate=C01&mcate=M1002&nNewsNumb=200803373_0) from the original on August 12, 2017 . Retrieved August 11, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b " (https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/art/2008/01/141_17459.html) 'Hellcats' Is Charmingly Off-Tune" (https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/art/2008/01/141_17459.html) . The Korea Times (/wiki/The_Korea_Times) . January 17, 2008. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140201174128/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/art/2008/01/141_17459.html) from the original on February 1, 2014 . Retrieved August 11, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Sohee lands first acting role in drama" (http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2974070) . Korea JoongAng Daily (/wiki/Korea_JoongAng_Daily) . July 5, 2013. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170812095521/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2974070) from the original on August 12, 2017 . Retrieved August 11, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Sohee plays flower shop girl in new drama" (http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2976146) . Korea JoongAng Daily (/wiki/Korea_JoongAng_Daily) . August 16, 2013. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170812095351/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2976146) from the original on August 12, 2017 . Retrieved August 11, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Sohee to leave Wonder Girls" (https://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2013/12/398_147867.html) . The Korea Times (/wiki/The_Korea_Times) . December 12, 2013. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170812022015/http://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2013/12/398_147867.html) from the original on August 12, 2017 . Retrieved August 11, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Sohee no longer a Wonder Girl" (http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20131212000677&ACE_SEARCH=1) . The Korea Herald (/wiki/The_Korea_Herald) . December 12, 2013. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170812022355/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20131212000677&ACE_SEARCH=1) from the original on August 12, 2017 . Retrieved August 11, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Sohee to debut as actress" (https://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2014/02/398_151385.html) . The Korea Times (/wiki/The_Korea_Times) . February 11, 2014. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170812060247/http://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2014/02/398_151385.html) from the original on August 12, 2017 . 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Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20181127064636/http://www.koreanfilm.or.kr/jsp/news/news.jsp?mode=VIEW&seq=3392) from the original on November 27, 2018 . Retrieved August 11, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) " (https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2016/05/201_203819.html) 'Train to Busan' to screen at Cannes" (https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2016/05/201_203819.html) . The Korea Times (/wiki/The_Korea_Times) . May 2, 2016. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170814022855/https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2016/05/201_203819.html) from the original on August 14, 2017 . Retrieved June 1, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Zombie Movie 'Train to Busan' Passes 11 Million-Viewer Mark" (http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2016/08/19/2016081901020.html) . The Chosun Ilbo (/wiki/The_Chosun_Ilbo) . August 19, 2016. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20161220044342/http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2016/08/19/2016081901020.html) from the original on December 20, 2016 . Retrieved December 4, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Ahn Sohee in High Cut; opens up on working with Lee Kwang Soo and oppas [PHOTOS]" (http://www.ibtimes.sg/ahn-sohee-high-cut-opens-working-lee-kwang-soo-oppas-photos-3692) . International Business Times . October 4, 2016. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170812021844/http://www.ibtimes.sg/ahn-sohee-high-cut-opens-working-lee-kwang-soo-oppas-photos-3692) from the original on August 12, 2017 . Retrieved August 11, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Sohee cast in Korean remake of 'Entourage' (http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3018726) " (http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3018726) . Korea JoongAng Daily (/wiki/Korea_JoongAng_Daily) . May 16, 2016. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170812095354/http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=3018726) from the original on August 12, 2017 . Retrieved August 11, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b "[INTERVIEW] 'My lonely life in US helped me portray my character' (https://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2017/02/398_224794.html) " (https://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2017/02/398_224794.html) . The Korea Times (/wiki/The_Korea_Times) . February 27, 2017. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170812055606/http://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2017/02/398_224794.html) from the original on August 12, 2017 . Retrieved August 11, 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b "[Lily's Take] "Anu and Huyga" Posters Featuring Ahn So-hee and Yeon Woo-jin" (https://www.hancinema.net/lily-s-take-anu-and-huyga-posters-featuring-ahn-so-hee-and-yeon-woo-jin-116210.html) . HanCinema (/wiki/HanCinema) . 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Retrieved August 12, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "안소희 '서른, 아홉'서 피아니스트로 출연..손예진과 호흡[공식]" (https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=609&aid=0000478601) . Naver (in Korean). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201112002154/https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=609&aid=0000478601) from the original on November 12, 2020 . Retrieved January 15, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Jung Yu-jin (August 18, 2022). "김종관·장건재 감독 '달이 지는 밤', 9월21일 개봉 확정" (https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=421&aid=0006285407) [Director Kim Jong-kwan and Jang Geon-jae's 'The Night When the Moon Sets' to be released on September 21st] (in Korean). News1. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201112034656/https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=421&aid=0006285407) from the original on November 12, 2020 . Retrieved August 18, 2022 – via Naver (/wiki/Naver) . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "고수X허준호X안소희 '미씽: 그들이 있었다', 8월29일 첫 방송 확정[공식]" (https://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2020/07/31/2020073100727.html) . news.chosun (in Korean). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230924145753/https://www.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2020/07/31/2020073100727.html) from the original on September 24, 2023 . Retrieved July 31, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Ha Sujeong (June 24, 2022). " (https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&aid=0004643702) 'Missing 2' Go Soo, Heo Jun-ho → Lee Jung-eun, Kim Dong-hwi, complete lineup of trustworthy treasure.. Coming in the second half [Official]" (https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&aid=0004643702) ['미씽2' 고수·허준호→이정은·김동휘, 믿보배 라인업 완성..하반기 온다 [공식]] (in Korean). Osen. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180724155707/https://entertain.naver.com/read?oid=109&aid=0004643702) from the original on July 24, 2018 . Retrieved June 24, 2022 – via Naver (/wiki/Naver) . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Jo Joong-hyeon (February 25, 2021). "유태오·공승연→안소희·곽동연...tvN '드라마 스테이지 2021'로 만난다" (http://digitalchosun.dizzo.com/site/data/html_dir/2021/02/25/2021022580122.html) . digitalchosun (in Korean). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210226002856/http://digitalchosun.dizzo.com/site/data/html_dir/2021/02/25/2021022580122.html) from the original on February 26, 2021 . Retrieved March 4, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) Jo Joong-hyun (April 16, 2021). "한효주, 근황? '드라마월드' 특급출연 특급의리" (http://digitalchosun.dizzo.com/site/data/html_dir/2021/04/16/2021041680057.html) . digitalchosun (in Korean). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230326113200/https://digitalchosun.dizzo.com/site/data/html_dir/2021/04/16/2021041680057.html) from the original on March 26, 2023 . Retrieved April 17, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) Bae Hyo-joo (August 12, 2021). "안소희 '서른, 아홉'서 피아니스트로 출연..손예진과 호흡[공식]" (https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=609&aid=0000478601) [Ahn So-hee appeared as a pianist in 'Thirty, Nine'... Breathing with Son Ye-jin [Official]]. Newsen (in Korean). Naver (/wiki/Naver) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201112002154/https://entertain.naver.com/now/read?oid=609&aid=0000478601) from the original on November 12, 2020 . Retrieved August 12, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) " (https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/396/0000667494) "헬로우, 스트레인저(Hello, Stranger)"...연극 '클로저' 이상윤→안소희 캐스팅" (https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/396/0000667494) . Naver (in Korean). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240321123115/https://n.news.naver.com/entertain/article/396/0000667494) from the original on March 21, 2024 . Retrieved March 21, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) "EXO's D.O. and Ahn So-hee first JIMFF Awards winners" (http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201708071723096087806_2&ACE_SEARCH=1) . Kpop Herald (/wiki/Kpop_Herald) . August 7, 2017. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20181122051951/http://kpopherald.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=201708071723096087806_2&ACE_SEARCH=1) from the original on November 22, 2018 . Retrieved August 19, 2017 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ahn So-hee (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ahn_So-hee) . 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Italian jewelry company WikiMiniAtlas 45°26′00″N 9°10′45″E  /  45.4332192°N 9.17921°E  / 45.4332192; 9.17921 Pomellato Industry Luxury goods (/wiki/Luxury_good) Founded 1967 Headquarters Milano (/wiki/Milano) , Italy (/wiki/Italy) Key people Pino Rabolini (Founder) , Sabina Belli ( CEO (/wiki/Chief_executive_officer) ) , Vincenzo Castaldo (Creative Director) , François-Henri Pinault (/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Henri_Pinault) (Kering Group) Products jewellery (/wiki/Jewellery) Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) Kering (/wiki/Kering) Website www (http://www.pomellato.com/) .pomellato (http://www.pomellato.com/) .com (http://www.pomellato.com/) Pomellato is an Italian jewelry company. The brand was founded by Pino Rabolini in Milan in 1967 and currently ranks among the top five European jewellers by sales. [1] (#cite_note-1) In 2013, the brand became a part of the luxury group Kering (/wiki/Kering) . [2] (#cite_note-2) History [ edit ] Pomellato began operating in 1967, introducing the concept of prêt-à-porter (/wiki/Pr%C3%AAt-%C3%A0-porter) jewellery, the idea that jewellery is not just a status symbol but an accessory to be worn at any moment of the day and changed like clothes. [3] (#cite_note-3) In the 1990s, Pomellato particularly focused on using colored stones. The company has also made its mark in producing chains. In 2007, to celebrate its 40th year, Pomellato made its debut in high-end (/wiki/High-end) jewellery with the launch of the Pom Pom collection: 40 pieces sold by appointment in New York, Paris, Milan and Monte Carlo. [ citation needed ] In October 2009, Andrea Morante became the new chief executive officer of the group and minority shareholder of RA.MO, the holding company of the Rabolini family that controlled the Pomellato and Dodo brands. In July 2013, Kering (/wiki/Kering) acquired Pomellato. Sabina Belli was appointed CEO of Pomellato group in December 2015. [4] (#cite_note-4) Nudo Rings Famous collections [ edit ] Nudo, Capri, Sabbia, M'Ama Non M'Ama, Iconica, Victoria, Tango. International expansion [ edit ] Pomellato Boutique Pomellato has more than thirty boutiques worldwide in Milan (/wiki/Milan) , Paris (/wiki/Paris) , Madrid (/wiki/Madrid) , Capri (/wiki/Capri) , Barcelona (/wiki/Barcelona) , Monte Carlo (/wiki/Monte_Carlo) , Taipei (/wiki/Taipei) , Venice (/wiki/Venice) , Rome (/wiki/Rome) , Singapore (/wiki/Singapore) , Moscow (/wiki/Moscow) , Düsseldorf (/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf) , Verona (/wiki/Verona) , Florence (/wiki/Florence) , Antwerp (/wiki/Antwerp) , Dubai (/wiki/Dubai) , New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) , Turin (/wiki/Turin) , Kuwait (/wiki/Kuwait) , Moscow (/wiki/Moscow) , London (/wiki/London) , Miami (/wiki/Miami) , Munich (/wiki/Munich) , Jeddah (/wiki/Jeddah) , Hamburg (/wiki/Hamburg) , Chicago (/wiki/Chicago) , Beijing (/wiki/Beijing) , Beirut (/wiki/Beirut) , Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) , Hong Kong (/wiki/Hong_Kong) , Lusail (/wiki/Lusail) and Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) . Design characteristics [ edit ] Pomellato jewels have very recognisable features: the emphasis on rounded and tactile forms. [ citation needed ] The pavé given an irregular, random style by using gemstones of various sizes and/or colours. [ citation needed ] Openwork, also on jet (/wiki/Jet_(lignite)) . Dodo [ edit ] In 1995, Pomellato launched a second brand, Dodo. The name Dodo was chosen as an extinct species exemplifying the need to protect nature. Communication [ edit ] The Pomellato campaigns of the 1960s were entrusted to Franco Scheichenbauer. In 1971, Pomellato started working with the master of black-and-white photography, Gian Paolo Barbieri (/wiki/Gian_Paolo_Barbieri) . From 1982 to 1984, Pomellato campaigns were signed by the photographer Helmut Newton (/wiki/Helmut_Newton) . Gian Paolo Barbieri returned in 1988 and 1989, in charge of traditional advertising campaigns and also broader projects like the books “The Maps of Desire”, 1989 and the more recent “Innatural” of 2004, where the jewellery was photographed in tropical settings. The 1990s saw a succession of photographers like Alistair Taylor Young, Lord Snowdon and Javier Vallhonrat. In 2001, Pomellato departed from black-and-white photography to embrace colour with the work of Michel Comte. After Paolo Roversi, author of the 2010 campaign, 2011 saw the comeback of Javier Vallhonrat (/w/index.php?title=Javier_Vallhonrat&action=edit&redlink=1) , portraying the Pomellato's celebrity spokeswoman, Tilda Swinton (/wiki/Tilda_Swinton) , in the campaign of the maison. [ citation needed ] The Kabul project [ edit ] In the two-year period 1994–1995, Pomellato sponsored a charity project: “Shots”, a gallery of portraits by Michel Comte (/wiki/Michel_Comte) involving dozens of celebrities in the movie and fashion worlds, who donated the Pomellato jewel worn for charity purposes to support a project for building a hospital in Kabul (/wiki/Kabul) . This project saw the participation of Geraldine Chaplin (/wiki/Geraldine_Chaplin) , Claudia Cardinale (/wiki/Claudia_Cardinale) , Isabella Rossellini (/wiki/Isabella_Rossellini) , Antonio Banderas (/wiki/Antonio_Banderas) , Boy George (/wiki/Boy_George) , Salma Hayek (/wiki/Salma_Hayek) , Monica Bellucci (/wiki/Monica_Bellucci) and many others. The very special patroness of the auction “Bijoux et portraits de star” was Catherine Deneuve (/wiki/Catherine_Deneuve) . [5] (#cite_note-5) Curiosities [ edit ] The name Pomellato is taken from the image of a small horse head that featured on the corporate hallmark used in the atelier. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Bain&Company “The Luxury Goods Market”, 2009 ^ (#cite_ref-2) "PPR Acquires Italian Jeweler Pomellato to Boost Luxury Offering" (https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-04-24/ppr-acquires-italian-jeweler-pomellato-to-boost-luxury-offering.html) . Bloomberg. 24 April 2013 . Retrieved 23 July 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Who's buying?: Sports pages used to bring men into Pomellato's shop" (https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/22e6212e-54e4-11e0-96f3-00144feab49a.html#axzz1LI8xZsYq) . Financial Times . ^ (#cite_ref-4) DeMarco, Anthony. "Sabina Belli Named CEO of Pomellato Group" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/anthonydemarco/2015/12/10/sabina-belli-named-ceo-of-pomellato-group/#721dcd4d70c4) . Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Archivio Corriere della Sera" (http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/1995/novembre/29/Asta_gioielli_mezzo_miliardo_bimbi_co_0_9511296031.shtml) . archiviostorico.corriere.it . Massinelli A.M., Pomellato, Leonardo Arte - Electa, Italian text April 1999, pp. 193, 250 col. ill., cm 25x33. Hardcover ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 88-8310-056-5 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/88-8310-056-5) . English edition 31 October 1999 ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 88-8310-056-5 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/88-8310-056-5) External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pomellato (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pomellato) . 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The Fashion Originators Guild (FOGA) and its members made and sold medium– and high–priced, fashionable women's dresses [1] (#cite_note-1) to retailers (/wiki/Retailer) , who select their purchases from designs exhibited in show rooms in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) . [2] (#cite_note-2) The members made their dresses from their own "original designs." The designs were not protected by patents or copyrights (/wiki/Copyright) , which are not available for clothing, and therefore other dress manufacturers (so-called "style pirates") made and sold unauthorized copies. [3] (#cite_note-3) Mission [ edit ] FOGA label from a 1930s dress The Guild was organized in 1932 to protect its members from "piracy," which they said was an unfair and tortious invasion of their rights. "Because of these alleged wrongs, petitioners . . . combined among themselves to combat and, if possible, destroy all competition from the sale of garments which are copies of their original creations." Activities [ edit ] The Guild and its members agreed to refuse to sell any dresses to retailers who purchased, or ordered to be manufactured, dresses which the Guild found embodied copies of its members' designs. For that purpose the Guild set up a "Piracy Committee," which decided which of the designs registered by its members were original. [4] (#cite_note-4) It then employed shoppers in various parts of the country (/wiki/Country) who visited the shops of retailers and report delinquents: if a retailer was found to be selling "pirated designs", it must stop doing so, or else it would get no more dresses from the Guild's members; nor would it be allowed to see the designs exhibited in the Guild's New York show rooms. [5] (#cite_note-5) Agreement [ edit ] Retailers that co-operated with the Guild had to agree to accept the decision of the Piracy Committee, and to return to sellers any dresses that had been "pirated." Furthermore, they had to warrant to customers that the designs of the dresses they sold had not been "pirated." As a result of the Guild's efforts, approximately 12,000 retailers signed agreements to "cooperate" with the Guild's boycott (/wiki/Boycott) program. [6] (#cite_note-6) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Other members were manufacturers, converters. or dyers of textiles from which these garments were made. 312 U.S. at 461. ^ (#cite_ref-2) About a fourth of all women's dresses made in America sold for more than $10.75, and the Guild members in 1935 sold 42% of these. 312 U.S. at 461. ^ (#cite_ref-3) 114 F.2d at 81–82. See Cheney Bros. v. Doris Silk Co. , 35 F.2d 279, 281 (2d Cir. 1929) (Hand, J.) (copyright not available). ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Frugal Fashion Tips to Save Money" (https://getrichnow.com/frugal-fashion-tips-to-save-you-money/) . 2023-04-10 . Retrieved 2023-05-17 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "What to Wear to a DNB Festival" (https://www.iheartraves.com/blogs/post/what-to-wear-dnb-festival) . Retrieved 2024-01-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) 312 U.S. at 461. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐656d68974c‐ng5kt Cached time: 20240701102213 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.129 seconds Real time usage: 0.156 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 191/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2837/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 100/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 9221/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.077/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2843183/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 133.575 1 Template:Reflist 100.00% 133.575 1 -total 82.19% 109.789 2 Template:Cite_web 1.62% 2.170 1 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:18395373-0!canonical and timestamp 20240701102213 and revision id 1195271740. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fashion_Originators_Guild_of_America&oldid=1195271740 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fashion_Originators_Guild_of_America&oldid=1195271740) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Fashion organizations (/wiki/Category:Fashion_organizations) Guilds in the United States (/wiki/Category:Guilds_in_the_United_States)
American entrepreneur, media personality and socialite Scott Disick Disick in 2015 Born Scott Michael Disick ( 1983-05-26 ) May 26, 1983 (age 41) Eastport, New York (/wiki/Eastport,_New_York) , U.S. Education The Ross School (/wiki/Ross_School_(East_Hampton,_New_York)) Occupations Media personality socialite Years active 2007–present Partner(s) Kourtney Kardashian (/wiki/Kourtney_Kardashian) (2006–2015) Children 3 Scott Michael Disick (born May 26, 1983) [1] (#cite_note-Czachor-1) [2] (#cite_note-Harrison-2) is an American media personality and socialite widely known for his role as a main cast member on Keeping Up with the Kardashians (/wiki/Keeping_Up_with_the_Kardashians) and its spinoffs. [3] (#cite_note-Carter-3) [4] (#cite_note-Carrillo-4) Disick's popularity on Keeping Up with the Kardashians led to the development of a house flipping (/wiki/Flipping#Real_estate_flipping) show, Flip It Like Disick (/wiki/Flip_It_Like_Disick) , that aired on E! (/wiki/E!) . [5] (#cite_note-Caraccio-5) In addition to starring on reality shows, Disick has pursued multiple business ventures, including starting the clothing brand Talentless, investing in nightclubs, and running multiple vitamin companies. [6] (#cite_note-Marcus-6) [7] (#cite_note-Slater-7) [8] (#cite_note-Actually_Me-8) Early life Disick was born in Eastport, New York (/wiki/Eastport,_New_York) , to Jeffrey and Bonnie Disick. [3] (#cite_note-Carter-3) [9] (#cite_note-Saad-9) [10] (#cite_note-Pomarico-10) He is an only child. [11] (#cite_note-Silverman-11) Disick's grandfather, David Disick, developed luxury properties, and Scott's father was also a real estate developer. [11] (#cite_note-Silverman-11) He attended The Ross School (/wiki/The_Ross_School) in East Hampton (/wiki/East_Hampton_(town),_New_York) , but did not graduate. [10] (#cite_note-Pomarico-10) [12] (#cite_note-Neason-12) [13] (#cite_note-Price-13) As a teenager, Disick was a book cover model for the Heartland (/wiki/Heartland_(novel_series)) series. [14] (#cite_note-Gicas-14) [15] (#cite_note-Austin-15) He has always been interested in architecture and often read Dwell (/wiki/Dwell_(magazine)) as a teen. [16] (#cite_note-Lincoln-16) He was raised Jewish (/wiki/Jewish) . [17] (#cite_note-Corinthios2-17) [18] (#cite_note-Woolf-18) When he was 18 years old, Disick was arrested for driving while impaired and pleaded guilty to a noncriminal charge. [19] (#cite_note-Marcus2-19) [20] (#cite_note-Finn1-20) Career In 2007, Disick began appearing on Keeping Up with the Kardashians (/wiki/Keeping_Up_with_the_Kardashians) alongside then-girlfriend Kourtney Kardashian (/wiki/Kourtney_Kardashian) . He has appeared on every season of the show. [21] (#cite_note-21) [16] (#cite_note-Lincoln-16) [22] (#cite_note-Berman-22) In the early seasons, he was well known for wearing suits. [23] (#cite_note-Complex-23) [16] (#cite_note-Lincoln-16) [24] (#cite_note-Woolf1-24) In 2009, Disick starred alongside Kourtney Kardashian and Kim Kardashian (/wiki/Kim_Kardashian) in Kourtney and Kim Take Miami (/wiki/Kourtney_and_Kim_Take_Miami) , a spin-off of Keeping Up with the Kardashians . Disick received criticism due to a plot line in a March 2013 episode in which he hunted an alligator so that he could make a pair of shoes. [25] (#cite_note-Beard-25) The series ended in 2013. Disick also starred on a 2011 episode of the short-lived CW (/wiki/The_CW) series H8R (/wiki/H8R) , where he tried to convince a woman who had expressed her disgust of Disick on social media (/wiki/Social_media) that he was likable. [26] (#cite_note-Mullins-26) From 2011 to 2012, Disick, Kourtney, and Kim starred in a second spin-off series, titled Kourtney and Kim Take New York (/wiki/Kourtney_and_Kim_Take_New_York) . [27] (#cite_note-Ayres-27) A second season plot line followed Disick as he developed a Japanese restaurant called Ryu in the Meatpacking District (/wiki/Meatpacking_District,_Manhattan) of New York City. [28] (#cite_note-Shaw-28) [29] (#cite_note-Morabito-29) Disick was involved in the design of the restaurant as well as the menu development, and he promoted the restaurant on several occasions, including an appearance at Macy's (/wiki/Macy%27s) Fashion Night. [30] (#cite_note-Corneau2-30) [31] (#cite_note-Goldman-31) The restaurant opened in 2012, and the opening was featured on an episode of Keeping Up with The Kardashians , but it received poor reviews and Disick backed out of the restaurant shortly after opening. [29] (#cite_note-Morabito-29) [32] (#cite_note-Carlson-32) [33] (#cite_note-Leighton-33) The restaurant closed 191 days after opening. [29] (#cite_note-Morabito-29) On a 2012 episode of Keeping Up with the Kardashians (/wiki/Keeping_Up_with_the_Kardashians) , Disick purchased an online knighting ceremony on a trip to London. [34] (#cite_note-Corneau-34) He often refers to himself as "Lord". [16] (#cite_note-Lincoln-16) [9] (#cite_note-Saad-9) [35] (#cite_note-AP-35) He had to buy a piece of land to be knighted. [8] (#cite_note-Actually_Me-8) Disick was a judge on Miss Universe 2012 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2012) alongside Lisa Vanderpump (/wiki/Lisa_Vanderpump) , Brad Goreski (/wiki/Brad_Goreski) , and Masaharu Morimoto (/wiki/Masaharu_Morimoto) . [36] (#cite_note-Nessif-36) [37] (#cite_note-37) In 2012, he was featured on an episode of Punk'd (/wiki/Punk%27d) in which his car was towed and he had to barter to get it back. [38] (#cite_note-Punkd-38) In 2013, Disick had a web series called Lord Disick: Lifestyles of a Lord , which was a spin-off of Kourtney and Kim Take Miami . The series featured Disick showing off his car collection and wealthy lifestyle while providing viewers with tips on how to live lavishly. [39] (#cite_note-Clements-39) [40] (#cite_note-BW-40) [41] (#cite_note-41) From 2014 to 2015, Disick starred alongside Kourtney and Khloe Kardashian in Kourtney and Khloe Take The Hamptons (/wiki/Kourtney_and_Khloe_Take_The_Hamptons) . [42] (#cite_note-Prince-42) [43] (#cite_note-Andreeva-43) The series followed the Kardashian sisters as they opened a pop-up store in the Hamptons (/wiki/The_Hamptons) and attended events such as the Baby Buggy (/wiki/Baby_Buggy) Summer Dinner. [43] (#cite_note-Andreeva-43) [44] (#cite_note-Gordon-44) Disick struggled with anxiety throughout the series because he grew up in Eastport (/wiki/Eastport,_New_York) , a town next to Southampton (/wiki/Southampton,_New_York) , and being in the area reminded him of his parents, who had recently died. [45] (#cite_note-Distasio-45) [11] (#cite_note-Silverman-11) While filming for Kourtney and Khloe Take The Hamptons , Disick and Khloe played themselves in an episode of the TV drama Royal Pains (/wiki/Royal_Pains) , which takes place in the Hamptons. [46] (#cite_note-Kirk-46) Disick made several guest appearances on reality shows in 2015 and 2016. He appeared on an August 2015 episode of Kingin' with Tyga (/wiki/Kingin%27_with_Tyga) , [47] (#cite_note-Seemayer-47) had a recurring role on I Am Cait (/wiki/I_Am_Cait) , [48] (#cite_note-Fisher-48) [49] (#cite_note-Plett-49) and appears on multiple episodes of Rob & Chyna (/wiki/Rob_%26_Chyna) , a 2016 episode of Wild 'n Out (/wiki/Wild_%27n_Out) , [50] (#cite_note-Terrero-50) [51] (#cite_note-Schilling-51) and an episode of Kocktails with Khloe (/wiki/Kocktails_with_Khloe) . [52] (#cite_note-Stanhope-52) He was considered as a possible contestant on Season 22 of Dancing with the Stars (/wiki/Dancing_with_the_Stars_(American_season_22)) , but was turned down after he asked for $500,000. [53] (#cite_note-Ledbetter-53) [54] (#cite_note-DWTS-54) [55] (#cite_note-Bonner2-55) Disick began developing properties in 2015. [3] (#cite_note-Carter-3) [35] (#cite_note-AP-35) In 2019, he began starring on his own reality show, Flip It Like Disick (/wiki/Flip_It_Like_Disick) , which follows his real estate and design business. [56] (#cite_note-Palmer-56) [57] (#cite_note-Romeyn-57) [58] (#cite_note-Ray-58) The show follows Disick and his team, including Willa Ford (/wiki/Willa_Ford) , as they renovate luxury homes in the Greater Los Angeles area (/wiki/Greater_Los_Angeles_area) . [59] (#cite_note-Callahan-59) [60] (#cite_note-Cho-60) Throughout the series, they remodel celebrity real estate in hour-long episodes. [35] (#cite_note-AP-35) [61] (#cite_note-Fleming-61) Business ventures Nightclub appearances Disick has made club appearances at 1OAK (/wiki/Volcano_at_The_Mirage) nightclub in Las Vegas (/wiki/Las_Vegas) , [62] (#cite_note-Lauren-62) Harrah's (/wiki/Harrah%27s_Atlantic_City) in Atlantic City (/wiki/Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey) , [63] (#cite_note-Corinthios-63) and LEX Nightclub (/wiki/Grand_Sierra_Resort) in Reno (/wiki/Reno,_Nevada) , sometimes receiving $80,000 for a single appearance. [64] (#cite_note-Battan-64) [65] (#cite_note-Heller-65) Disick has also appeared in clubs internationally in Canada and the United Kingdom, earning $250,000 for his UK appearances. [64] (#cite_note-Battan-64) [66] (#cite_note-Thompson-66) [67] (#cite_note-Heller2-67) These appearances were often arranged by Disick's manager at the time, David Weintraub. [64] (#cite_note-Battan-64) Eventually, the club appearances began to interfere with Disick's addiction struggles, and he stopped making appearances. [64] (#cite_note-Battan-64) [8] (#cite_note-Actually_Me-8) Disick has also invested in his friends' nightlife businesses. [6] (#cite_note-Marcus-6) [68] (#cite_note-Schreffler-68) Talentless In 2018, Disick began his own clothing line, Talentless. [7] (#cite_note-Slater-7) [69] (#cite_note-Briones-69) [70] (#cite_note-Cut-70) He named his clothing line as "a big F-you to everybody in the world that basically said that anybody that was in the reality business 10, 15 years ago didn't have talent." [16] (#cite_note-Lincoln-16) [71] (#cite_note-MJ-71) He discussed the development of his company on season eight of Keeping Up with the Kardashians . [71] (#cite_note-MJ-71) Talentless sells primarily casual clothing such as T-shirts, sweatshirts, and sweatpants. [55] (#cite_note-Bonner2-55) Three percent of every sale from the company goes to the non-profit organization Fuck Cancer (/wiki/Yael_Cohen) . [16] (#cite_note-Lincoln-16) [72] (#cite_note-Capon-72) The company received backlash in March 2020 and was accused of being insensitive after releasing apparel that stated "Please Wash Your Hands" amid the coronavirus pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) . [73] (#cite_note-Carty-73) [74] (#cite_note-Mahdawi-74) Colton Underwood (/wiki/Colton_Underwood) , who starred on The Bachelor (/wiki/The_Bachelor_(American_TV_series)) , was seen wearing one of the "Wash Your Hands" sweatshirts. [75] (#cite_note-Guglielmi-75) Partnerships and other ventures In 2010, when asked if he had a career, Disick stated, "I make a lot of money, and I'm more than capable of supporting myself. I run multiple companies in the vitamin world: QuickTrim, Rejuvacare, Monte Carlo Perpetual Tan." [6] (#cite_note-Marcus-6) In May 2011, Disick appeared on the cover of Men's Fitness (/wiki/Men%27s_Fitness) . [76] (#cite_note-Millado-76) [77] (#cite_note-HP-77) [78] (#cite_note-EStaff-78) A March 2015 episode of Keeping Up with the Kardashians revealed that Disick was the President of Calabasas Luxury Cars, which is owned by his best friend and Flip It Like Disick costar, Benny Luciano. [60] (#cite_note-Cho-60) [79] (#cite_note-Bonner-79) [80] (#cite_note-Benny-80) Disick was featured in a June 17, 2013 marketing short film by Kanye West's (/wiki/Kanye_West) creative content company DONDA (/wiki/DONDA) , in which Disick played Patrick Bateman (/wiki/Patrick_Bateman) from American Psycho (/wiki/American_Psycho) . [81] (#cite_note-Modell-81) [82] (#cite_note-Atkinson-82) Disick is friends with rapper N.O.R.E. (/wiki/N.O.R.E.) , and is featured in a hip hop skit (/wiki/Hip_hop_skit) track on Student of the Game (/wiki/Student_of_the_Game) titled "Scot Disick Speaks" and misspelling Disick's first name. [83] (#cite_note-Carimanica-83) [84] (#cite_note-Drop-84) [85] (#cite_note-Markman-85) In 2015, Disick guest-starred as "Jim" on two episodes of the online soap opera Youthful Daze (/wiki/Youthful_Daze) . [86] (#cite_note-Papadatos-86) Disick often posts sponsored ads on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) , and once accidentally posted the sponsor's instructions in the caption. [72] (#cite_note-Capon-72) [87] (#cite_note-Hood-87) [88] (#cite_note-O'Neal-88) [89] (#cite_note-Reed-89) It has been estimated that he makes around $15,000 per post. [55] (#cite_note-Bonner2-55) In December 2019, Disick and girlfriend Sofia Richie (/wiki/Sofia_Richie) were criticized for promoting MDL Beast, a music festival in Saudi Arabia due to the country's human rights violations and treatment of women. [90] (#cite_note-Schnurr-90) [91] (#cite_note-Burgos-91) In January 2020, Disick, Kris Jenner, and Khloe Kardashian were featured in several commercials for the video game Coin Master (/wiki/Coin_Master) . [92] (#cite_note-Stone-92) [93] (#cite_note-93) Personal life Disick and Kourtney Kardashian in 2010 Disick dated Kourtney Kardashian (/wiki/Kourtney_Kardashian) from 2006 to 2015. [94] (#cite_note-94) [16] (#cite_note-Lincoln-16) They met at a house party in Mexico thrown by Joe Francis (/wiki/Joe_Francis) . [95] (#cite_note-95) Together they have three children: a son born December 14, 2009, [96] (#cite_note-Karen-96) a daughter born July 8, 2012, [97] (#cite_note-Andreeva1-97) [98] (#cite_note-Hanes-98) and a son born December 14, 2014. [99] (#cite_note-Hare-99) [100] (#cite_note-100) Their relationship was featured on Keeping Up with the Kardashians and its spinoffs. In 2010, they moved to Miami temporarily with one-year-old Mason and Kourtney's sister Kim. Their relationship went on hold after Kardashian claimed Disick had an alcohol problem. After temporarily giving up alcohol and attending therapy, Disick and Kardashian reconciled in mid-2010. [101] (#cite_note-101) In 2011, during the season one finale of Kourtney and Kim Take New York (/wiki/Kourtney_and_Kim_Take_New_York) , Disick purchased an engagement ring and planned to propose to Kardashian. However, when Disick asked her opinion on marriage, Kardashian responded that she did not want to change things when they were doing well, so Disick decided not to propose. [102] (#cite_note-102) Disick later stated, in 2013, that they were happy and said "I feel like I used to want to get married more than she did, and then, being that she was always so not interested, I've decided not to be." [103] (#cite_note-Chen-103) The couple split in 2015, [104] (#cite_note-Wilkins-104) but have shared custody and co-parent their children. [105] (#cite_note-Murray-105) [106] (#cite_note-Poosh-106) [107] (#cite_note-Johns-107) Scott remains close with Kardashian's family (/wiki/Kardashian_family) , and as of 2019 they considered him to be family. [107] (#cite_note-Johns-107) His mother died in 2013, following a long illness. [9] (#cite_note-Saad-9) His father died three months later. [11] (#cite_note-Silverman-11) Disick has had problems with alcohol and drug use. [9] (#cite_note-Saad-9) [108] (#cite_note-Hyde-108) He was temporarily sober in 2011, during which he claimed, "I'm nicer now that I'm sober." [27] (#cite_note-Ayres-27) In November 2014, Disick entered a rehabilitation facility in Connecticut following the filming of Kourtney and Khloé Take The Hamptons (/wiki/Kourtney_and_Khlo%C3%A9_Take_The_Hamptons) . In March 2015, he entered a rehabilitation facility in Costa Rica, [109] (#cite_note-Beast-109) but checked himself out later that month. After breaking up with Kardashian, Disick entered another rehab facility in Florida. [110] (#cite_note-Toomey-110) [111] (#cite_note-Yahr-111) In 2016, he spent time in a rehab facility in Malibu (/wiki/Malibu,_California) , which he stated helped him to "restart" his life. [48] (#cite_note-Fisher-48) In May 2020, Disick entered a treatment facility in Edwards, Colorado (/wiki/Edwards,_Colorado) , after a relapse. [112] (#cite_note-Contreras-112) In 2015, Disick sold his Beverly Crest (/wiki/Beverly_Crest) home to Russell Westbrook (/wiki/Russell_Westbrook) . [113] (#cite_note-Leitereg-113) Disick's Bugatti Veyron (/wiki/Bugatti_Veyron) Disick is a car collector, and has owned at least twenty vehicles. [48] (#cite_note-Fisher-48) [114] (#cite_note-Syed-114) [115] (#cite_note-CCB-115) He has owned a Rolls-Royce Drophead (/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Phantom_Drophead_Coup%C3%A9) , a Maybach (/wiki/Maybach) , several Ferraris (/wiki/Ferrari) , Range Rovers (/wiki/Range_Rover) , and Bentleys (/wiki/Bentley) . [116] (#cite_note-Chiu-116) [68] (#cite_note-Schreffler-68) [117] (#cite_note-Ariola-117) [16] (#cite_note-Lincoln-16) [118] (#cite_note-Weisman-118) [119] (#cite_note-Moe-119) Several of his cars and his five-car garage were featured in an Architectural Digest (/wiki/Architectural_Digest) video tour of Disick's home. [119] (#cite_note-Moe-119) His collection was also featured on an episode of his short-lived web series, Lord Disick: Lifestyles of a Lord . [39] (#cite_note-Clements-39) In addition to cars, Disick also collects watches, including Patek Phillipe (/wiki/Patek_Phillipe) and Rolex (/wiki/Rolex) watches. [118] (#cite_note-Weisman-118) [120] (#cite_note-Neuenschwander-120) During a May 2016 burglary, several watches were stolen from Disick's home. [121] (#cite_note-TMZ2-121) In fall 2017, Disick began dating model Sofia Richie (/wiki/Sofia_Richie) . [7] (#cite_note-Slater-7) [122] (#cite_note-Slater2-122) [123] (#cite_note-Evans-123) The couple confirmed their relationship in September 2017. [124] (#cite_note-124) Throughout their relationship, Disick and Richie often vacationed alongside Kardashian and their children. [125] (#cite_note-Romero-125) In 2019, they moved in together in Malibu, California (/wiki/Malibu,_California) . [126] (#cite_note-126) The couple broke up in August 2020. [127] (#cite_note-127) In 2018, he was involved in a lawsuit with Silver Airways (/wiki/Silver_Airways) for failing to pay more than $225,000 in jet fees. [128] (#cite_note-TMZ3-128) He currently [ when? ] resides in Hidden Hills, California (/wiki/Hidden_Hills,_California) . His home was burglarized in both May 2016 and 2017, with officials believing the May 2017 burglary was an inside job. Disick was not home during either burglary. [129] (#cite_note-TMZ-129) [121] (#cite_note-TMZ2-121) His home has been featured on Flip It Like Disick and Architectural Digest (/wiki/Architectural_Digest) . [117] (#cite_note-Ariola-117) [130] (#cite_note-Ray2-130) From February to September 2021, Disick was in a relationship with model Amelia Hamlin (/wiki/Amelia_Gray_Hamlin) , the daughter of American actress and television personality Lisa Rinna (/wiki/Lisa_Rinna) and actor Harry Hamlin (/wiki/Harry_Hamlin) . [131] (#cite_note-131) [132] (#cite_note-132) Filmography As television actor Year Title Role Notes Ref. 2014 Royal Pains (/wiki/Royal_Pains) Scott Disick Guest star (1 episode) [46] (#cite_note-Kirk-46) Youthful Daze (/wiki/Youthful_Daze) Jim Guest star (2 episodes) [86] (#cite_note-Papadatos-86) As himself on reality TV Year Title Notes Ref. 2007–2021 Keeping Up with the Kardashians (/wiki/Keeping_Up_with_the_Kardashians) Main role (147 episodes) [72] (#cite_note-Capon-72) 2009–2013 Kourtney and Kim Take Miami (/wiki/Kourtney_and_Kim_Take_Miami) Main role (22 episodes) [25] (#cite_note-Beard-25) 2011–2012 Kourtney and Kim Take New York (/wiki/Kourtney_and_Kim_Take_New_York) Main role (17 episodes) [27] (#cite_note-Ayres-27) 2012 H8R (/wiki/H8R) Guest star (1 episode) [26] (#cite_note-Mullins-26) Miss Universe 2012 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2012) Judge [36] (#cite_note-Nessif-36) 2014–2015 Kourtney and Khloé Take The Hamptons (/wiki/Kourtney_and_Khlo%C3%A9_Take_The_Hamptons) Main role (10 episodes) [43] (#cite_note-Andreeva-43) 2015 Kingin' with Tyga (/wiki/Kingin%27_with_Tyga) Guest star (1 episode) [47] (#cite_note-Seemayer-47) 2015-2016 I Am Cait (/wiki/I_Am_Cait) Recurring role (5 episodes) [49] (#cite_note-Plett-49) 2016 Punk'd (/wiki/Punk%27d) Guest star (2 episodes) [38] (#cite_note-Punkd-38) Wild 'n Out (/wiki/Wild_%27n_Out) Guest star (1 episode) [50] (#cite_note-Terrero-50) Rob & Chyna (/wiki/Rob_%26_Chyna) Recurring role (3 episodes) [51] (#cite_note-Schilling-51) Kocktails with Khloe (/wiki/Kocktails_with_Khloe) Guest star (1 episode) [52] (#cite_note-Stanhope-52) 2019 Flip It Like Disick (/wiki/Flip_It_Like_Disick) Main role (8 episodes) [5] (#cite_note-Caraccio-5) 2022–present The Kardashians (/wiki/The_Kardashians) Recurring cast [133] (#cite_note-133) As producer Year Title Notes Ref. 2019 Flip It Like Disick (/wiki/Flip_It_Like_Disick) Executive producer (8 episodes) [92] (#cite_note-Stone-92) In music videos Year Title Artist Ref. 2014 "Wake Up in It" Mally Mall and Tyga (/wiki/Tyga) feat. Sean Kingston (/wiki/Sean_Kingston) , French Montana (/wiki/French_Montana) , and Pusha T (/wiki/Pusha_T) [134] (#cite_note-Millard-134) 2015 " Picture Me Rollin' (/wiki/Picture_Me_Rollin%27) " Chris Brown (/wiki/Chris_Brown) [135] (#cite_note-Corinthios5-135) References ^ (#cite_ref-Czachor_1-0) Czachor, Emily Mae (May 26, 2019). "Celebrate Scott Disick's Birthday With a Toast to His & Kourtney Kardashian's Cutest Family Photos" (https://www.eonline.com/shows/kardashians/news/1034087/celebrate-scott-disick-s-birthday-with-a-toast-to-his-kourtney-kardashian-s-cutest-family-photos) . E! News . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190608195948/https://www.eonline.com/shows/kardashians/news/1034087/celebrate-scott-disick-s-birthday-with-a-toast-to-his-kourtney-kardashian-s-cutest-family-photos) from the original on June 8, 2019 . Retrieved March 31, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Harrison_2-0) Harrison, Lily (May 27, 2013). 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Retrieved March 31, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-126) "Sofia Richie Shares Messages About Love and Growth 4 Months After Scott Disick Breakup" (https://www.eonline.com/news/1217865/sofia-richie-shares-messages-about-love-and-growth-4-months-after-scott-disick-breakup) . E! Online . December 11, 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210112123625/https://www.eonline.com/news/1217865/sofia-richie-shares-messages-about-love-and-growth-4-months-after-scott-disick-breakup) from the original on January 12, 2021 . Retrieved February 16, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-127) Guglielmi, Jodi; Chiu, Melody (August 20, 2020). "Scott Disick and Sofia Richie Split Again, Sources Say: 'His Kids Will Always Come First' (https://people.com/tv/scott-disick-sofia-richie-split-again/) " (https://people.com/tv/scott-disick-sofia-richie-split-again/) . People (/wiki/People_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200927172702/https://people.com/tv/scott-disick-sofia-richie-split-again/) from the original on September 27, 2020 . Retrieved September 29, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-TMZ3_128-0) "KIM, KHLOE KARDASHIAN, SCOTT DISICK SUED OVER JET FEES" (https://www.tmz.com/2018/05/14/kim-khloe-kardashian-scott-disick-sued-jet-fees/) . TMZ. May 14, 2018. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190927022612/https://www.tmz.com/2018/05/14/kim-khloe-kardashian-scott-disick-sued-jet-fees/) from the original on September 27, 2019 . Retrieved April 2, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-TMZ_129-0) "SCOTT DISICK BURGLARY SMELLS LIKE INSIDE JOB" (https://www.tmz.com/2017/05/22/scott-disick-burglary-inside-job/) . TMZ. May 22, 2017. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210211183924/http://www.tmz.com/2017/05/22/scott-disick-burglary-inside-job/) from the original on February 11, 2021 . Retrieved April 2, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Ray2_130-0) Ray, Alyssa (July 22, 2019). "See Inside Scott Disick's Multi-Million Dollar Home from Flip It Like Disick" (https://www.eonline.com/shows/flip_it_like_disick/news/1057886/see-inside-scott-disick-s-multi-million-dollar-home-from-flip-it-like-disick#photo-840420) . E! News . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200528131650/https://www.eonline.com/shows/flip_it_like_disick/news/1057886/see-inside-scott-disick-s-multi-million-dollar-home-from-flip-it-like-disick#photo-840420) from the original on May 28, 2020 . Retrieved March 31, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-131) "Scott Disick spent the weekend in Miami with 19-year-old galpal — and a green Lambo" (https://news.yahoo.com/scott-disick-spent-weekend-miami-170908035.html) . news.yahoo.com . February 16, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210217010250/https://news.yahoo.com/scott-disick-spent-weekend-miami-170908035.html) from the original on February 17, 2021 . Retrieved February 16, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-132) "Scott Disick Goes Instagram Official With Model Amelia Hamlin" (https://www.etonline.com/scott-disick-goes-instagram-official-with-model-amelia-hamlin-160597) . Entertainment Tonight . February 14, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210215125404/https://www.etonline.com/scott-disick-goes-instagram-official-with-model-amelia-hamlin-160597) from the original on February 15, 2021 . Retrieved February 16, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-133) Specter, Emma (March 31, 2022). "Everything We Know (So Far) About 'The Kardashians,' Hulu's Upcoming Series" (https://www.vogue.com/article/everything-we-know-so-far-about-the-kardashians-hulu) . Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220406104823/https://www.vogue.com/article/everything-we-know-so-far-about-the-kardashians-hulu) from the original on April 6, 2022 . Retrieved April 6, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Millard_134-0) Millard, Drew (April 28, 2014). "On the Strange Beauty of French Montana and Khloe Kardashian's Relationship" (https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/64eyjr/on-the-strange-beauty-of-french-montana-and-khloe-kardashians-relationship) . Vice . Retrieved March 31, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-Corinthios5_135-0) Corinthios, Aurelie (December 17, 2015). "Scott Disick Showed Up in Chris Brown's New Video to Make a Bunch of Insensitive (Bad) Jokes" (https://people.com/tv/scott-disick-jokes-about-sleeping-with-women-in-chris-browns-new-music-video/) . People. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210120173516/https://people.com/tv/scott-disick-jokes-about-sleeping-with-women-in-chris-browns-new-music-video/) from the original on January 20, 2021 . Retrieved March 31, 2020 . External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to Scott Disick (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Scott_Disick) . 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( April 2019 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) The natural hair movement is a movement which aims to encourage people of African descent (/wiki/African_descent) to embrace their natural, afro-textured hair (/wiki/Afro-textured_hair) ; especially in the workplace. It originated in the United States (/wiki/United_States) during the 1960s, and resurged in popularity in the 2000s (/wiki/2000s_(decade)) . [1] (#cite_note-AfterKing-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Definition and features [ edit ] The movement is centered around Black people (/wiki/Black_people) who wear afro-textured hair (/wiki/Afro-textured_hair) in its natural, coiled, or tight, curly state. These individuals of African descent choose not to relax their hair, allowing it, instead, to grow in its natural texture. To relax one's hair means to use chemicals to straighten (/wiki/Hair_straightening) it. This can be done professionally, or through a kit purchased at a grocery store for home use. [3] (#cite_note-3) Afro-textured hairstyles can vary and may include the adoption of hair twists (/wiki/Hair_twists) , braids (/wiki/Braid) or even dreadlocks (/wiki/Dreadlocks) . [4] (#cite_note-MondeCr-4) [5] (#cite_note-LEparlez-5) Not all people that wear their hair naturally will choose to do without all (non-chemical) forms of straightening or styling. Additionally, for many members of the movement, "being natural" does not necessarily indicate a strict adherence to any particular type of product or styling regimen; nor is it exclusively tied to certain social or political beliefs. [6] (#cite_note-6) The word nappy , historically used as a derogatory (/wiki/Pejorative) term to describe the hair of Black people, has been positively reappropriated (/wiki/Reappropriation) by Afrodescendants (/wiki/African_diaspora) . [7] (#cite_note-:0-7) In Francophone (/wiki/Geographical_distribution_of_French_speakers) countries, nappy is often used as a portmanteau (/wiki/Portmanteau) of 'natural' and 'happy'. [4] (#cite_note-MondeCr-4) [8] (#cite_note-RFICr-8) [9] (#cite_note-FObn-9) [10] (#cite_note-TV5Dep-10) In the past, the word was subject to denigration, having origins that stretch back to the Atlantic slave trade (/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade) . It is surmised that nappy may have originated as a pejorative reference to the frizzy texture of cotton picked by Black slaves (/wiki/Slavery) . [7] (#cite_note-:0-7) History [ edit ] Further information: Hair straightening (/wiki/Hair_straightening) and Relaxer (/wiki/Relaxer) In the ancestral traditions, hairdressing was "an activity during which the genealogies' history and many other cultural features were taught to children. Every African hairdressing was codified according to the ethnic group and by status." [11] (#cite_note-JAJS-11) An Ashanti (/wiki/Ashantis) African comb ( Ghana (/wiki/Ghana) ). During the Atlantic slave trade (/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade) , the conditions of servitude did not allow black people to take care of their hair, as these people were subjected to denigration by their master (/wiki/Master%E2%80%93slave_dialectic) : 'Nappy' became a pejorative term. [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) Thus, the sale of millions of Africans into slavery forced them to separate from their originally aesthetic activities regarding hair care. [14] (#cite_note-FigaroRevanche-14) After the American abolition of slavery (/wiki/Abolitionism_in_the_United_States) in 1865, black populations looked to straighten their hair, so as to move closer to the dominant aesthetics in an effort to obtain work. At the time, the most used instrument for hair smoothing was the hot comb (/wiki/Hot_comb) , prior to Garrett A. Morgan (/wiki/Garrett_A._Morgan) 's invention of a relaxer cream in 1909. [11] (#cite_note-JAJS-11) [8] (#cite_note-RFICr-8) [15] (#cite_note-PNCC-15) [14] (#cite_note-FigaroRevanche-14) In the period between the 1960s–1970s, racial segregation (/wiki/Racial_segregation_in_the_United_States) between blacks and whites reigned in the United States. Angela Davis (/wiki/Angela_Davis) , a young human rights activist and member of the 1966 revolutionary movement Black Panthers (/wiki/Black_Panthers) , made the Afro hairstyle (/wiki/Afro) famous. This dense and spherical hairdressing thus symbolized the emancipation and cultural affirmation of African Americans (/wiki/African_Americans) . It was adopted by multiple celebrities, such as Diana Ross (/wiki/Diana_Ross) and the Jackson 5 (/wiki/The_Jackson_Five) band members. [16] (#cite_note-LePointNappy-16) [11] (#cite_note-JAJS-11) [8] (#cite_note-RFICr-8) [10] (#cite_note-TV5Dep-10) [17] (#cite_note-MCt-17) During the 1970s–1980s, popularized especially by some celebrities, the " Jheri curl (/wiki/Jheri_curl) ," a newer technique to loosen tightly curled hair, became fashionable in the African American (/wiki/African_Americans) community; it can be seen in Michael Jackson (/wiki/Michael_Jackson) 's hair in the music video of his song Thriller (/wiki/Thriller_(song)) . During these same years, dreadlocks (/wiki/Dreadlocks) were also introduced into popular culture and popularized through reggae music (/wiki/Reggae) , especially by Bob Marley (/wiki/Bob_Marley) 's hair style and by the Rastafarian movement (/wiki/Rastafarian_movement) . This hairstyle can be a mark of social and spiritual distinction: "The adoption of long or very atypical hair [can reflect] rebellion or a refusal of the dominant values." [10] (#cite_note-TV5Dep-10) [15] (#cite_note-PNCC-15) Hair straightening (/wiki/Hair_straightening) was considered mainstream and performed frequently throughout the 1980s and 1990s. [9] (#cite_note-FObn-9) The return to natural hair in the organic era has been encouraged by the awareness of the harmful effects of relaxers on the scalp, ranging from itchiness, red patches, and burns to alopecia (/wiki/Hair_loss) . [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) Present day [ edit ] Internet presence [ edit ] Since the emergence of Web 2.0 (/wiki/Web_2.0) , a growing number of creators have been sharing their beauty advice via: Blogs : Black Girl Long Hair , [1] (#cite_note-AfterKing-1) [20] (#cite_note-Resistance-20) [21] (#cite_note-21) Naturally Curly , [1] (#cite_note-AfterKing-1) [20] (#cite_note-Resistance-20) [22] (#cite_note-22) Curly Nikki , [1] (#cite_note-AfterKing-1) [23] (#cite_note-23) [24] (#cite_note-24) Hair Lista , [20] (#cite_note-Resistance-20) [25] (#cite_note-8W-25) Afrobella, [1] (#cite_note-AfterKing-1) [26] (#cite_note-26) [27] (#cite_note-27) Un-ruly.com [28] (#cite_note-28) [29] (#cite_note-29) [30] (#cite_note-30) in the US; Black Beauty Bag , [10] (#cite_note-TV5Dep-10) [31] (#cite_note-31) [32] (#cite_note-32) [33] (#cite_note-33) Afrobelle , [34] (#cite_note-34) [35] (#cite_note-35) Ivy-Mag [36] (#cite_note-SBE-36) [37] (#cite_note-37) in France Web-zines : Naturally Happy Hair [38] (#cite_note-38) in the US; FashizBlack , [4] (#cite_note-MondeCr-4) [39] (#cite_note-39) Afrosomething [40] (#cite_note-8FAS-40) [41] (#cite_note-41) [42] (#cite_note-42) in France; Afro Style Magazine [43] (#cite_note-43) in the Netherlands These websites have expanded the natural hair movement around the world so as to highlight the beauty of natural hair. [4] (#cite_note-MondeCr-4) [16] (#cite_note-LePointNappy-16) [14] (#cite_note-FigaroRevanche-14) Events and festivals [ edit ] In 2014 The Curly Girl Collective [44] (#cite_note-44) held their first CurlFest, a festival now held annually in Brooklyn, New York, that celebrates natural hair. Outside the US, several events have developed in order to accompany the natural hair movement, particularly in France and in Africa: The salon Boucles d'ébène : A demonstration, has existed for ten years, dedicated to the black hairdressing and beauty. [4] (#cite_note-MondeCr-4) [45] (#cite_note-ROM1-45) [46] (#cite_note-DCFCC-46) [47] (#cite_note-47) The Miss Nappy Paris ′ competition: The election of "Miss Nappy" so as to promote the Afro hair beauty. [4] (#cite_note-MondeCr-4) [48] (#cite_note-48) The Massalia Nappy Days : Lectures, projections of documentaries and fashion shows. [49] (#cite_note-49) The Crépue d'ébène Festival at Abidjan (Ivory Coast): Dedicated to the natural beauty of the African woman and to the highlighting of the nappy hair. [50] (#cite_note-50) The Natural Hair Academy : Event to better understand the nappy hair, days of advice by speakers. [4] (#cite_note-MondeCr-4) [51] (#cite_note-NL-51) The AfricaParis Festival : Dedicated to the "Afropean" culture. [4] (#cite_note-MondeCr-4) Presence in feminist culture [ edit ] Each woman has her own reason to retrieve her authenticity; some want to preserve their hair against aggressive hair styling methods such as weaves being too tight or harmful straightening chemical products, while others simply prefer their natural hair in spite of the pressure from the dominant aesthetics. [11] (#cite_note-JAJS-11) [8] (#cite_note-RFICr-8) [9] (#cite_note-FObn-9) [52] (#cite_note-JAm-52) The natural hair movement has been encouraged by some female stars who have abandoned straightening, allowing their natural hair to make a comeback, such as Erykah Badu (/wiki/Erykah_Badu) , Lupita Nyong'o (/wiki/Lupita_Nyong%27o) , Solange Knowles (/wiki/Solange_Knowles) , Janelle Monáe (/wiki/Janelle_Mon%C3%A1e) , and Viola Davis (/wiki/Viola_Davis) . Erykah Badu (/wiki/Erykah_Badu) at a concert in July 2008. Aïssa Maïga (/wiki/A%C3%AFssa_Ma%C3%AFga) during the 2007 Cannes Film Festival (/wiki/2007_Cannes_Film_Festival) . Lupita Nyong'o (/wiki/Lupita_Nyong%27o) at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival (/wiki/2015_Cannes_Film_Festival) . Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) sporting braids during the Formation world tour. Solange Knowles (/wiki/Solange_Knowles) at the 2013 Cannes Film Festival (/wiki/2013_Cannes_Film_Festival) . Inna Modja (/wiki/Inna_Modja) during a concert at Vaux-sur-Mer 9 August 2012. Janelle Monáe (/wiki/Janelle_Mon%C3%A1e) sang live at the Austin Music Hall on the occasion of SXSW in March 2009. Presence in law [ edit ] On 3 July 2019, California became the first US state to prohibit discrimination over natural hair. Governor Gavin Newsom (/wiki/Gavin_Newsom) signed the CROWN Act (/wiki/CROWN_Act_(California)) into law, banning employers and schools from discriminating against hairstyles such as afros, braids, twists, and dreadlocks. [53] (#cite_note-:1-53) Likewise, later in 2019 Assembly Bill 07797 became law in New York state; it "prohibits race discrimination based on natural hair or hairstyles." [54] (#cite_note-:2-54) "Ethnic" hair care industry [ edit ] With the popularity of "going natural", hair care suppliers have seen a rapid decrease in the purchase of relaxers (/wiki/Relaxer) , the harsh chemical hair straightener. An industry that was once worth an estimated $774 million, relaxer sales have gone down 26% over the last five years, 2013 numbers report. [55] (#cite_note-mintel.com-55) Relaxer sales have fallen to 38% between 2012 and 2017. Sales are estimated to decrease to 45% by 2019. [55] (#cite_note-mintel.com-55) Women who wear their hair natural are now spending more money on chemical-free products that bring out the best result for their hair in its natural state. Hair care suppliers and markets are taking note, as Black consumers represent a lucrative market for hair care suppliers, so the brands now have to adjust for the new hair movement. [55] (#cite_note-mintel.com-55) Brands have greatly lowered their production of relaxers and instead now produce more natural-friendly products. In choosing what products to consume, black consumers rely heavily on social media to measure results from others who have gone natural. They have done this by the use of YouTube videos as tutorials on how to use products efficiently, and create reviews for potential consumers to watch. Popular brands and products include Shea Moisture (/wiki/Shea_Moisture) , DevaCurl (/wiki/DevaCurl) , and Carol's Daughter (/wiki/Carol%27s_Daughter) . [56] (#cite_note-56) The availability of products for natural black hair has been helped by the founding of Black-owned (/wiki/Black-owned_business) hair product companies such as Ruka Hair in the UK, founded by Tendai Moyo (/wiki/Tendai_Moyo) . [57] (#cite_note-57) Objections and opposition [ edit ] Many women of African descent have faced opposition from wearing their hair in naturally curly styles or other non-straight, protective styles. Many women have found that they are treated unjustly based on having naturally afro-textured hair. Natural hair can be deemed "unprofessional", turning it into a fireable offense. [58] (#cite_note-58) For example, a 12-year-old student at a Florida Christian school with natural hair "was given one week to decide whether to cut her hair or leave the academy that she has attended since third grade" after she complained to school officials about being bullied by other students. [59] (#cite_note-59) In March 2014, the United States Department of Defense (/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense) issued a set of guidelines that banned all afros, dreadlocks, braids, and twists that were greater than 1 ⁄ 4 " in diameter. Guidelines such as these clearly disproportionately affect and target those of African descent. [60] (#cite_note-60) They later rolled back the guidelines that same year in August by allowing two-strand twists. The Army increased the size of permissible braids and removed the word "unkempt" from their guidelines. [61] (#cite_note-61) In April 2016, a female Zara (/wiki/Zara_(retailer)) employee in the Canadian city of Toronto was reprimanded for wearing her hair in a braided hairstyle, which resulted in her filing a complaint with the Ontario Human Rights Commission (/wiki/Ontario_Human_Rights_Commission) . [62] (#cite_note-62) Hair appropriation/cultural appropriation has been an issue within the natural hair community. Many non-women of color, especially celebrities, often wear African-American hairstyles, which some have found offensive. Giuliana Rancic (/wiki/Giuliana_Rancic) apologized to actress Zendaya (/wiki/Zendaya) —who wore dreadlocks on the 2015 (/wiki/87th_Academy_Awards) Oscar's red carpet—after commenting that Zendaya's hair must have smelled of "patchouli oil or weed". [63] (#cite_note-63) Kim Kardashian (/wiki/Kim_Kardashian) wore Fulani braids (originating from the Fulani tribe (/wiki/Fula_people) of West Africa) on three different occasions, without acknowledging the origin of these braids. [64] (#cite_note-64) She referred to them as 'Bo Derek' braids' after Bo Derek (/wiki/Bo_Derek) , an actress from the 1980s who wore Fulani braids in the 1979 film 10 . Kardashian received backlash, especially from the black community, but did not acknowledge the response. The idea of non-black women wearing natural hair styles remains controversial. [ citation needed ] [65] (#cite_note-65) Terminology [ edit ] Several words are frequently used in the vocabulary of the natural hair movement: [16] (#cite_note-LePointNappy-16) [5] (#cite_note-LEparlez-5) [66] (#cite_note-66) [67] (#cite_note-67) [68] (#cite_note-68) Afro (/wiki/Afro) : A hairstyle created by combing the hair away from the scalp, allowing the hair to extend out from the head in a large, rounded-shape, much like a cloud or ball. Bantu knot: Hairstyle that consists of twisted hair rolled up into small buns. See Jada Pinkett Smith (/wiki/Jada_Pinkett_Smith) as Niobe in (/wiki/Niobe_(The_Matrix)) The Matrix series (/wiki/Niobe_(The_Matrix)) . Big chop: Cutting one's chemically straightened hair to let it grow in its natural texture. Braids (/wiki/Braid) : Hairstyle where hair is braided with extensions or with natural hair. Box braids (/wiki/Box_braids) : A form of protective styling done through braiding synthetic hair along with real hair. This promotes hair growth and protects hair from breakage and other damaging factors. Braid out: Braids are unraveled. Creamy crack: Chemical relaxers (/wiki/Relaxer) . The term was coined with the thought that the use of relaxers is addictive for those women who strive for a permanently straight hair texture. Coils: A hairstyle achieved by taking small sections of wet or very damp hair and smoothing, while rotating the sections, one by one, from root to tip. Tiny styling combs or a finger are typically used. Coily: The texture characteristic of natural Type 4 hair, whereby the configuration of the strand resembles a small-diameter ink pen spring. Cornrows (/wiki/Cornrows) : A style of braiding/plaiting hair into narrow strips to form geometric patterns on the scalp. A form of protective styling. Co-wash: Washing one's hair with conditioner instead of shampoo. Detangling: The process of using fingers or a wide-tooth comb to get out knots in curly textured hair. Dreadlocks (/wiki/Dreadlocks) : Matted or sculpted ropes of hair. Fro-hawk: Hairdressing similar to the mohawk hairstyle (/wiki/Mohawk_hairstyle) . Hair porosity: Natural hair can have low, high, or medium porosity. Low porosity hair cuticles are very tightly closed and do not absorb water or product easily. High porosity hair cuticles are very open and absorb water and product easily. Medium porosity is more balance and absorbs water, product, and moisture easily. In order to best treat naturally curly hair, celebrity hairstylist Andre Walker (/wiki/Andre_Walker) created a hair typing system. This categorizes hair into four categories based on how tight curls are coiled. Kinky hair: Kinky hair is hair with tight curls, tight coils, or no defined curls. Tightly curled hair, tightly coiled hair or hair without defined curls. Protective hairstyle (/wiki/Protective_hairstyle) : Any coiffure configuration that keeps hair ends safely tucked away to keep the natural hair protected from the elements. These hairdos require very little daily upkeep and help strands stay moisturized. [69] (#cite_note-69) Includes braids, extensions, wigs, and weaves. See Janet Jackson in Poetic Justice (/wiki/Poetic_Justice_(film)) . Senegalese twists: Also known as rope twists where synthetic hair is used and twisted in with the natural hair. Shrinkage: Because natural hair is typically has different types of curls and textures, in its natural state it appears shorter than it would straightened. Transition: Period of time when one is transitioning from straightening their hair with heat/and or chemical products to wearing hair in its natural state. TWA (Teeny Weeny Afro): Short Afro haircut. See Viola Davis (/wiki/Viola_Davis) in the film Suicide Squad (/wiki/Suicide_Squad_(2016_film)) . Twist out: Hairstyle where twists are unraveled. See Corinne Bailey Rae (/wiki/Corinne_Bailey_Rae) . Twists: Double strands of hair wrapped around each other. Wash and go: wash one's hair and going on about one's day. This means there is no drying or styling involved and the application of product is minimal (usually a moisturizer or anti-frizz serum). The wash and go is also sometimes referred to as the "shake and go" which further emphasizes the lack of actual styling involved. The goal of a wash and go is to define natural curls. [70] (#cite_note-70) Filmography [ edit ] Nappily Ever After (/wiki/Nappily_Ever_After) , movie directed by Haifaa Al-Mansour in 2018. [71] (#cite_note-71) Good Hair (/wiki/Good_Hair_(film)) , movie directed by Jeff Stilson (/wiki/Jeff_Stilson) and produced by Chris Rock (/wiki/Chris_Rock) in 2009. My Nappy Roots: A Journey Through Black Hair-itage (/wiki/My_Nappy_Roots:_A_Journey_Through_Black_Hair-itage) , movie directed and produced by Regina Kimbell in 2008. Hair Love (/wiki/Hair_Love) , Oscar-winning short, created by Matthew A. Cherry [72] (#cite_note-72) [73] (#cite_note-73) [74] (#cite_note-74) [75] (#cite_note-75) [76] (#cite_note-76) [77] (#cite_note-77) See also [ edit ] Society portal (/wiki/Portal:Society) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) United States portal (/wiki/Portal:United_States) Europe portal (/wiki/Portal:Europe) Africa portal (/wiki/Portal:Africa) Afro (/wiki/Afro) Afro-textured hair (/wiki/Afro-textured_hair) Afrocentrism (/wiki/Afrocentrism) Black is beautiful (/wiki/Black_is_beautiful) Discrimination based on hair texture (/wiki/Discrimination_based_on_hair_texture) Black Panthers (/wiki/Black_Panther_Party) Black feminism (/wiki/Black_feminism) Blaxploitation (/wiki/Blaxploitation) Curly Girl Method (/wiki/Curly_Girl_Method) Internalized racism (/wiki/Internalized_racism) Nappturality (/wiki/Nappturality) Postcolonialism (/wiki/Postcolonialism) List of hairstyles (/wiki/List_of_hairstyles) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d e Dr. Josephine Metcalf and Dr. Carina Spaulding, African American Culture and Society After Rodney King: Provocations and Protests, Progression and "Post-Racialism" (https://books.google.com/books?id=02gdCgAAQBAJ&dq=%22Natural+Hair+Movement%22&pg=PA132) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230516155737/https://books.google.com/books?id=02gdCgAAQBAJ&dq=%22Natural+Hair+Movement%22&pg=PA132) 16 May 2023 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , Ashgate Publishing Limited, 25/06/2015 ^ (#cite_ref-2) Bustle (/wiki/Bustle_(magazine)) , The History Of Natural Black Hair, Plus How 2014's Afro Has A Whole New Meaning (http://www.bustle.com/#/articles/27404-the-history-of-natural-black-hair-plus-how-2014s-afro-has-a-whole-new-meaning) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20131024045329/http://www.bustle.com/#/articles/27404-the-history-of-natural-black-hair-plus-how-2014s-afro-has-a-whole-new-meaning) 24 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , 20/06/2014 ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Permanent Hair Straightening & Chemical Relaxers | Philip Kingsley" (https://www.philipkingsley.com/hair-guide/chemical-hair-processing-and-colouring/chemical-straightening-relaxing-your-hair) . www.philipkingsley.com . 31 January 2016. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190506014958/https://www.philipkingsley.com/hair-guide/chemical-hair-processing-and-colouring/chemical-straightening-relaxing-your-hair) from the original on 6 May 2019 . Retrieved 28 February 2019 . ^ a b c d e f g h Le Monde (/wiki/Le_Monde) , Crépues et fières de l’être (http://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2015/02/05/crepues-et-fieres-de-l-etre_4570832_3224.html) , 05/02/2015 ^ a b L'Express (/wiki/L%27Express) , Parlez-vous le nappy? (http://www.lexpress.fr/styles/coiffure/cheveux-afro-parlez-vous-le-nappy_1168609.html) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160124124100/http://www.lexpress.fr/styles/coiffure/cheveux-afro-parlez-vous-le-nappy_1168609.html) 24 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , 3 October 2012 ^ (#cite_ref-6) Wilkerson, Kamina (Spring 2017). "The Natural Hair Movement An Understated Revolution" (http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1007&context=continuum) . Continuum Undergraduate Research Journal : 57–63. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190522090346/http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1007&context=continuum) from the original on 22 May 2019 . Retrieved 5 May 2019 . ^ a b "nappy hair" (https://www.dictionary.com/e/slang/nappy-hair) . dictionary.com . 9 April 2019. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220521181926/https://www.dictionary.com/e/slang/nappy-hair/) from the original on 21 May 2022 . Retrieved 8 June 2022 . ^ a b c d RFI (/wiki/Radio_France_Internationale) , Le mouvement Nappy : défrisage et cheveux crépus (http://www.rfi.fr/emission/20130116-2-le-mouvement-nappy-defrisage-cheveux-crepus) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20151214193410/http://www.rfi.fr/emission/20130116-2-le-mouvement-nappy-defrisage-cheveux-crepus) 14 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , released on 16/01/2013 ^ a b c France Ô (/wiki/France_%C3%94) , La beauté noire, un marché porteur (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RFpOfc1Aho) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170407024106/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RFpOfc1Aho) 7 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , released in 2014 ^ a b c d TV5 Monde (/wiki/TV5_Monde) , Dépigmentation de la peau et phénomène Nappy (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJTvr05mksA) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20170407021838/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJTvr05mksA) 7 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine 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Gibson, Nappy: Growing Up Black and Female in America (https://books.google.com/books?id=wMv2PQAACAAJ&q=nappy) , Writers and Readers Ltd, 1 July 2000 Juliette Sméralda (/wiki/Juliette_Sm%C3%A9ralda) , Peau noire, cheveu crépu : l'histoire d'une aliénation (https://books.google.com/books?id=qku5AAAAIAAJ&q=Peau+noire+cheveu+cr%C3%A9pu,) , Jasor, 2004 Frantz Fanon (/wiki/Frantz_Fanon) , Peau noire, masques blancs (/wiki/Peau_noire,_masques_blancs) , Seuil, 1952 Willie Lee Morrow, 400 Years Without a Comb (https://books.google.com/books?id=RfVCAAAAIAAJ&q=400+years+without+comb) , Morrow's Unlimited Inc., 1973 Ebony (/wiki/Ebony_(magazine)) , Natural hair – new symbol of race pride (https://books.google.com/books?id=PtsDAAAAMBAJ&q=nappy&pg=PA139) , Johnson Publishing Company, December 1967 Audrey Davis-Sivasothy, The Science of Black Hair: A Comprehensive Guide to Textured Hair (https://books.google.com/books?id=WQAZAgAAQBAJ&dq=%22big+chop%22+%22transition%22&pg=PA219) , SAJA Publishing Company, 11/04/2014 External links [ edit ] Look up nappy (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nappy) , coil (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/coil) , curly (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/curly) , frizzy (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/frizzy) , kink (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/kink) , Afropean (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Afropean) , or Afropeanity (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Afropeanity) in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Afro-textured hair (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Afro-textured_hair) . Chinwe (12 January 2015). "The Natural Hair Movement in the '60s and '70s; How It Began and Why It Ended" (http://blackgirllonghair.com/2015/01/the-natural-hair-movement-in-the-60s-and-70s-how-it-began-and-why-it-ended/) . Black Girl with Long Hair . Retrieved 31 March 2017 . 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This category describes modern Chinese fashion . Traditional and historic Chinese clothing should be categorised under Chinese clothing (/wiki/Category:Chinese_clothing) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐79948d7f7b‐scnh7 Cached time: 20240717175827 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.026 seconds Real time usage: 0.039 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 63/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 592/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 96/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.003/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 556187/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 30.322 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 100.00% 30.322 1 -total 76.12% 23.080 1 Template:Category_other 69.80% 21.166 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 9.27% 2.811 1 Template:Template_other 5.76% 1.747 1 Template:Clear Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:10214052-0!canonical and timestamp 20240717175827 and revision id 1206159881. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 8 subcategories, out of 8 total. B Chinese businesspeople in fashion (/wiki/Category:Chinese_businesspeople_in_fashion) ‎ (1 C, 2 P) C China's Next Top Model (/wiki/Category:China%27s_Next_Top_Model) ‎ (6 P) Chinese models (/wiki/Category:Chinese_models) ‎ (3 C, 3 P) Clothing companies of China (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_of_China) ‎ (4 C, 13 P) E Fashion events in China (/wiki/Category:Fashion_events_in_China) ‎ (5 P) F Fashion magazines published in China (/wiki/Category:Fashion_magazines_published_in_China) ‎ (4 P) H Hong Kong fashion (/wiki/Category:Hong_Kong_fashion) ‎ (4 C, 1 P) J Chinese fashion journalists (/wiki/Category:Chinese_fashion_journalists) ‎ (3 P) Pages in category "Chinese fashion" The following 15 pages are in this category, out of 15 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . B Beijing bikini (/wiki/Beijing_bikini) Buyao (/wiki/Buyao) C C-beauty (/wiki/C-beauty) China Fashion Week (/wiki/China_Fashion_Week) Chinese ideals of female beauty (/wiki/Chinese_ideals_of_female_beauty) Circle contact lens (/wiki/Circle_contact_lens) D Dudou (/wiki/Dudou) F Fast fashion in China (/wiki/Fast_fashion_in_China) H Hanfu Movement (/wiki/Hanfu_Movement) L List of Vogue China cover models (/wiki/List_of_Vogue_China_cover_models) N New Chinese style (/wiki/New_Chinese_style) P Popular fashion in ancient China (/wiki/Popular_fashion_in_ancient_China) Q Qizhuang (/wiki/Qizhuang) S Shandong Ruyi (/wiki/Shandong_Ruyi) T Tifayifu (/wiki/Tifayifu) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Chinese_fashion&oldid=1206159881 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Chinese_fashion&oldid=1206159881) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Chinese culture (/wiki/Category:Chinese_culture) Asian fashion (/wiki/Category:Asian_fashion) Fashion by country (/wiki/Category:Fashion_by_country) Hidden category: Automatic category TOC generates no TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_no_TOC)
Submission declined on 12 May 2024 by Umakant Bhalerao (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Umakant_Bhalerao) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Umakant_Bhalerao) ). This submission is not adequately supported by reliable sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:RS) . Reliable sources are required so that information can be verified (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . If you need help with referencing, please see Referencing for beginners (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) and Citing sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) . If you would like to continue working on the submission, click on the "Edit" tab at the top of the window. If you have not resolved the issues listed above, your draft will be declined again and potentially deleted. If you need extra help, please ask us a question at the AfC Help Desk or get live help (/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC_help_disclaimer) from experienced editors. Please do not remove reviewer comments or this notice until the submission is accepted. 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Add tags to your draft Editor resources Find sources: Google (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Plain+toe%22) ( books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Plain+toe%22+-wikipedia) · news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Plain+toe%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Plain+toe%22) · free images (https://www.google.com/search?safe=off&tbs=sur:fmc&tbm=isch&q=%22Plain+toe%22+-site:wikipedia.org+-site:wikimedia.org) · WP refs (https://www.google.com/custom?hl=en&cx=007734830908295939403%3Agalkqgoksq0&cof=FORID%3A13%3BAH%3Aleft%3BCX%3AWikipedia%2520Reference%2520Search&q=%22Plain+toe%22) ) · FENS (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Plain+toe%22&acc=on&wc=on) · TWL (https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/search/?q=%22Plain+toe%22) Easy tools : Citation bot (https://citations.toolforge.org/process_page.php?edit=automated_tools&slow=1&page=Draft:Plain_toe) ( help (/wiki/User:Citation_bot/use) ) | Advanced: Fix bare URLs (https://tools.wmflabs.org/refill/result.php?page=Draft:Plain_toe&defaults=y) Declined by Umakant Bhalerao (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Umakant_Bhalerao) 2 months ago. Last edited by Umakant Bhalerao (/wiki/User:Umakant_Bhalerao) 2 months ago. Reviewer: Inform author (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Tessant&action=edit&editintro=Template:AfC_submission/user_talk_editintro_declined&preload=Template:AfC_submission/user_talk_preload_declined&preloadtitle=Your+submission+at+%5B%5BWP%3AAfC%7CArticles+for+creation%5D%5D&section=new) . Resubmit Please note that if the issues are not fixed, the draft will be declined again. A type of shoemaking style A pair of plain toe shoes In shoemaking (/wiki/Shoemaking) , plain toe shoes are shoes which are made from multiple pieces of leather (in contrast to wholecuts (/wiki/Wholecut) ), and have no caps at the front (in contrast to cap toes (/w/index.php?title=Cap_toe&action=edit&redlink=1) ). [1] (#cite_note-josbank-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Plain toes are often used at formal events, but are also wore at daily occasions. [1] (#cite_note-josbank-1) See also [ edit ] Blucher (/wiki/Blucher_shoe) Brogue (/wiki/Brogue_shoe) Oxford (/wiki/Oxford_shoe) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "Selecting The Right Dress Shoe" (https://www.josbank.com/selecting-the-right-dress-shoe) . JOS.A.BANK . josbank.com . Retrieved 12 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Jovells, Salva (January 24, 2024). "What are Oxford Shoes? The Ultimate Guide" (https://www.hockerty.com/en-us/blog/what-are-oxford-shoes) . Hockerty . hockerty.com . Retrieved 12 May 2024 . v t e Footwear (/wiki/Footwear) Abandoned footwear (/wiki/Abandoned_footwear) Shoe (/wiki/Shoe) Shoemaking (/wiki/Shoemaking) Shoe size (/wiki/Shoe_size) Dress shoes (/wiki/Dress_shoe) Blucher (/wiki/Blucher_shoe) Brogues (/wiki/Brogue_shoe) Brothel creepers (/wiki/Brothel_creeper) Derby (/wiki/Derby_shoe) Monks (/wiki/Monk_shoe) Oxfords (/wiki/Oxford_shoe) Spectator shoes (Co-respondent shoes) (/wiki/Spectator_shoe) Winklepickers (/wiki/Winklepicker) Wholecuts (/wiki/Wholecut) Slip-on shoes (/wiki/Slip-on_shoe) Court shoes (/wiki/Court_shoe) Prince Albert slippers (/wiki/Slipper#Types) Loafers (/wiki/Slip-on_shoe#Types_of_loafer) Venetian-style shoes (/wiki/Venetian-style_shoe) Women's Ballet flats (/wiki/Ballet_flat) High-heeled footwear (/wiki/High-heeled_shoe) Mary Janes (/wiki/Mary_Jane_(shoe)) Mojari (/wiki/Mojari) Mules (/wiki/Mule_(shoe)) Peep-toe shoes (/wiki/Peep-toe_shoe) Saddle shoes (/wiki/Saddle_shoe) Slingbacks (/wiki/Slingback) Other shoes 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boots (/wiki/Trench_boot) Munson Last (/wiki/Edward_Lyman_Munson#Munson_last) Work Australian work boots (/wiki/Australian_work_boot) Cowboy boots (/wiki/Cowboy_boot) Engineer boots (/wiki/Engineer_boot) Hip boots (/wiki/Hip_boot) Jika-tabi (/wiki/Jika-tabi) Rigger boots (/wiki/Rigger_boot) Steel-toe boots (/wiki/Steel-toe_boot) Waders (/wiki/Waders_(footwear)) Fashion boots (/wiki/Fashion_boot) Chelsea boots (/wiki/Chelsea_boot) ( Beatle boots (/wiki/Beatle_boot) ) Chukka boots (/wiki/Chukka_boot) Go-go boots (/wiki/Go-go_boot) Knee-high boots (/wiki/Knee-high_boot) Over-the-knee boots (/wiki/Over-the-knee_boot) Platform boots (/wiki/Platform_shoe) Thigh-high boots (/wiki/Thigh-high_boots) Ugg boots (/wiki/Ugg_boots) Other Jodhpur boots (/wiki/Jodhpur_boot) Wellington boots (/wiki/Wellington_boot) Ballet boots (/wiki/Ballet_boot) Sport-related footwear Athletic shoes (/wiki/Sneaker) Ballet shoes (/wiki/Ballet_shoe) Boat shoes (/wiki/Boat_shoe) Climbing shoes (/wiki/Climbing_shoe) Cross country running shoes (/wiki/Cross_country_running_shoe) Cycling shoes (/wiki/Cycling_shoe) Football boots (/wiki/Football_boot) Ghillies (/wiki/Ghillies_(dance)) Hiking boots (/wiki/Hiking_boot) Ice skates (/wiki/Ice_skate) Inline skates (/wiki/Inline_skates) Kung fu shoes (/wiki/Kung_fu_shoe) Minimalist shoes (/wiki/Minimalist_shoe) Motorcycle boots (/wiki/Motorcycle_boot) Mountaineering boots (/wiki/Mountaineering_boot) Plimsolls (/wiki/Plimsoll_(shoe)) Racing flats (/wiki/Racing_flat) Racing shoes (/wiki/Racing_shoes) Riding boots (/wiki/Riding_boot) Roller shoes (/wiki/Roller_shoe) Roller skates (/wiki/Roller_skates) Sabatons (/wiki/Sabaton) Safari boots (/wiki/Safari_boot) Skate shoes (/wiki/Skate_shoe) Ski boots (/wiki/Ski_boot) Sneakers (/wiki/Sneaker) Swimfins (/wiki/Swimfin) Water shoes (/wiki/Water_shoe) Wrestling shoes (/wiki/Wrestling_shoe) Folk footwear (/wiki/Folk_costume) Abacas (/wiki/Abaca_slippers) Abarkas (/wiki/Abarka) Alpargatas (/wiki/Espadrille) Avarcas 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Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Plain_toe&oldid=1223519698 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Draft:Plain_toe&oldid=1223519698) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : AfC submissions by date/12 May 2024 (/wiki/Category:AfC_submissions_by_date/12_May_2024) Draft articles on fashion (/wiki/Category:Draft_articles_on_fashion) AfC submissions on other topics (/wiki/Category:AfC_submissions_on_other_topics) Hidden categories: AfC submissions declined as lacking reliable third-party sources (/wiki/Category:AfC_submissions_declined_as_lacking_reliable_third-party_sources) Declined AfC submissions (/wiki/Category:Declined_AfC_submissions)
Online fast-fashion retailer Boohoo Group plc Company type Public Limited Company (/wiki/Public_Limited_Company) Traded as (/wiki/Ticker_symbol) AIM (/wiki/Alternative_Investment_Market) : BOO (https://www.londonstockexchange.com/stock/BOO//) ISIN (/wiki/International_Securities_Identification_Number) JE00BG6L7297 (https://isin.toolforge.org/?language=en&isin=JE00BG6L7297) Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) Founded 2006 Founders Mahmud Kamani (/wiki/Mahmud_Kamani) Carol Kane (/wiki/Carol_Kane_(businesswoman)) Headquarters Dale Street, Manchester (/wiki/Manchester) , England Area served Worldwide Key people Mahmud Kamani (Chairman) John Lyttle (CEO) Products Clothing Brands Burton (/wiki/Burton_(retailer)) Debenhams.com (/wiki/Debenhams.com) Dorothy Perkins (/wiki/Dorothy_Perkins) Warehouse (/wiki/Warehouse_(clothing)) Oasis (/wiki/Oasis_(clothing)) Karen Millen (/wiki/Karen_Millen) Coast (/wiki/Coast_(clothing)) Wallis (/wiki/Wallis_(retailer)) Revenue £1.768 billion (2023) [1] (#cite_note-ar-1) Net income (/wiki/Net_income) £-75.6 million [1] (#cite_note-ar-1) Number of employees 6,190 (2023) [1] (#cite_note-ar-1) Subsidiaries (/wiki/Subsidiary) Nasty Gal (/wiki/Nasty_Gal) PrettyLittleThing (/wiki/PrettyLittleThing) Website https://www.boohoo.com/ (https://www.boohoo.com/) Boohoo Group plc is a British online fast-fashion (/wiki/Fast_fashion) retailer, aimed at 16- to 30-year-olds. The business was founded in 2006 and had sales of £856.9 million in 2019. It specialises in own brand (/wiki/Own_brand) fashion clothing, with over 36,000 products. Growing rapidly, the company has acquired the brands and online presence of several defunct high street retailers, and also seen controversy over working conditions at some of its third party owned suppliers. Boohoo has since terminated the contracts with multiple suppliers because of this. [2] (#cite_note-2) History [ edit ] Boohoo was founded in 2006 by Mahmud Kamani (/wiki/Mahmud_Kamani) and Carol Kane (/wiki/Carol_Kane_(businesswoman)) , who respectively serve as group executive chairman and executive director, [3] (#cite_note-3) and who previously supplied high street chains such as Primark (/wiki/Primark) and New Look (/wiki/New_Look_(company)) . The company completed its initial public offering (/wiki/Initial_public_offering) (IPO) in March 2014, with its shares trading considerably above the 50p float price on the company's debut in the AIM (/wiki/Alternative_Investment_Market) sub-market of the London Stock Exchange (/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange) . Valuing Boohoo at almost £600 million, the floatation saw Kamani net £135 million and Kane £25 million. [4] (#cite_note-shares_sale_mar14-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Boohoo has been criticised for promoting fast-fashion (/wiki/Fast_fashion) which critics claim comes at a cost to those making the clothes and the environment. [6] (#cite_note-6) More than half of Boohoo's garments are produced in the UK, especially Leicester, London (/wiki/London) , and Manchester (/wiki/Manchester) . [7] (#cite_note-FT18-7) As of 2020, Boohoo bought an estimated 75%–80% of the clothing produced in Leicester. This was made possible when other retailers such as ASOS (/wiki/ASOS_(retailer)) reduced the amount they sourced from Leicester over concerns about working conditions. [8] (#cite_note-8) In 2017, the Channel 4 (/wiki/Channel_4) television documentary series Dispatches (/wiki/Dispatches_(TV_programme)) found that factories in Leicester supplying Boohoo (along with New Look, River Island (/wiki/River_Island) and Missguided (/wiki/Missguided) ) were paying workers less than the national minimum wage (/wiki/National_Minimum_Wage_Act_1998) . Boohoo stated that the work had been subcontracted without their knowledge. [7] (#cite_note-FT18-7) In August 2019, the online businesses of Karen Millen (/wiki/Karen_Millen) and Coast (/wiki/Coast_(clothing)) were bought out of administration by Boohoo for £18 million. Only the online employees were taken on by Boohoo and the standalone retail stores eventually closed. [9] (#cite_note-9) Early in the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_England) , Boohoo reported an increase in sales. [10] (#cite_note-10) In June 2020, Boohoo announced that it was to acquire the brands and websites of high street chains Oasis Stores (/wiki/Oasis_Stores) and Warehouse (/wiki/Warehouse_(clothing)) for £5.25 million. [11] (#cite_note-FT_170620-11) In late June 2020, workers' rights group Labour Behind the Label (/wiki/Labour_Behind_the_Label) produced a report that stated factories supplying Boohoo were not following to social distancing and forcing employees to work even if sick, claims that Boohoo denied. [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) This was followed by an investigative report by The Sunday Times (/wiki/The_Sunday_Times) which claimed to have found that workers producing clothes for Boohoo at a Leicester-based company were paid £3.50 an hour, less than half the UK minimum wage for over 25s. [14] (#cite_note-14) Boohoo again distanced themselves from the company, a representative stating "We are taking immediate action to thoroughly investigate how our garments were in their hands, will ensure that our suppliers immediately cease working with this company, and we will urgently review our relationship with any suppliers who have sub-contracted work to the manufacturer in question." [15] (#cite_note-15) Standard Life Aberdeen (/wiki/Standard_Life_Aberdeen) , an asset manager and a top 10 shareholder in the group, announced that it had sold most of its stake in the company a few days after the Sunday Times revelations. SLA said that after engaging with Boohoo's management team a number of times during the week, it found the online retailer's response to the allegations was "inadequate in scope, timeliness and gravity". [16] (#cite_note-16) On 15 July 2020 a Conservative Party (/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)) MP said that it was 'shameful' that it took a pandemic for Boohoo to finally be taken to task for its workplace practices. Philip Dunne (/wiki/Philip_Dunne_(Ludlow_MP)) , chairman of the Environmental Audit committee, also said that the company had not met a pledge to join the Ethical Trading Initiative (/wiki/Ethical_Trading_Initiative) organisation which brings together retailers, unions and campaign groups to improve practice in supply chains. [17] (#cite_note-Guardian_150729-17) In September the company accepted the findings of a report by Allison Levitt QC (/wiki/Queen%27s_Counsel) , which found that the allegations of poor working practices in the company's supply chain were "substantially true", that its monitoring of the factories was "inadequate" due to “weak corporate governance”, and that its failure to assess the risk to workers during the coronavirus pandemic were "inexcusable". [18] (#cite_note-18) In November 2020 it appointed former judge Sir Brian Leveson (/wiki/Brian_Leveson) to provide independent ethical oversight. [19] (#cite_note-19) An investigation by The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) newspaper in December 2020 traced Boohoo's supply chain to factories in Pakistan where workers claimed to be paid as low as £47 a month, less than the legal minimum wage, and ordered to work to shifts as long as 24 hours without receiving full overtime pay. [20] (#cite_note-20) In January 2021, following the collapse of the UK department store (/wiki/Department_store) chain Debenhams (/wiki/Debenhams) , Boohoo bought the brand and online business for £55 million. The deal did not include the firm's stores or workforce, [21] (#cite_note-21) leading to a predicted loss of 12,000 jobs. [22] (#cite_note-22) In February, Boohoo announced it was buying the former Arcadia Group (/wiki/Arcadia_Group) brands: Burton (/wiki/Burton_(retailer)) , Wallis (/wiki/Wallis_(retailer)) and Dorothy Perkins (/wiki/Dorothy_Perkins) for £25.2 million, confirming the loss of around 2,450 jobs. [23] (#cite_note-23) In December 2021, Boohoo has announced the expansion of operations into five new markets within the Asian region including Japan, Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong and Taiwan. [24] (#cite_note-24) In August 2022, Boohoo implemented a £1.99 charge for returning products. [25] (#cite_note-25) An investigation by BBC Panorama (/wiki/Panorama_(British_TV_programme)) in 2023 found that Boohoo pressured its suppliers into providing discounts after agreements had already been made and orders meant to be fulfilled by Boohoo's Thurmaston Lane factory were subcontracted out to Morocco. [26] (#cite_note-26) Business operations [ edit ] Western part of the distribution centre in Burnley. Eastern section of the distribution centre. According to Chief executive Carol Kane, Boohoo can differentiate itself from its closest rivals, as all their clothing ranges are own-branded (/wiki/Store_brand) with average prices of £17 as of March 2014, [update] (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boohoo.com&action=edit) [4] (#cite_note-shares_sale_mar14-4) comprising 9,000 clothing lines. With a primary focus on the 16 to 24 year old age group, it sells clothing to over 100 countries and as of June 2014 [update] (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boohoo.com&action=edit) had seven major markets, including the UK, the US, and France. Stock is purchased in small quantities of between 300 and 500 items at a time, with repeat orders typically of 25% on those that sell well. [27] (#cite_note-notsobstory_jun14-27) Customers can order items up to midnight for next-day delivery, including on Sunday. [28] (#cite_note-inetretailing_sales_apr17-28) Customer numbers increased by 29% throughout 2016–17, up to 5.8 million. [29] (#cite_note-salesrise_sep17-29) As an online retailer, Boohoo utilise social media as an integral part of their marketing strategy. A social media manager was appointed in 2012, with all employees encouraged to assist the social media team by contributing messages and imagery. [30] (#cite_note-founders_interview_drapers_may15-30) As of June 2019, [update] (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boohoo.com&action=edit) boohoo had 6m Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) followers, 1.1m Twitter (/wiki/Twitter) followers and 2.9m likes on Facebook (/wiki/Facebook) . [29] (#cite_note-salesrise_sep17-29) Distribution centre [ edit ] Since 2010 the company's main distribution centre has been located on the Heasandford Industrial Estate in Burnley (/wiki/Burnley) , Lancashire (/wiki/Lancashire) . From an initial 40 employees, the site has rapidly expanded into Burnley's largest employer, with workforce exceeding 3,500 in 2021. The company has acquired more buildings on the estate, formerly occupied by manufacturers such as TRW Automotive (/wiki/TRW_Automotive) , and plans to continue to grow in the town. Boohoo's head of logistics said in 2021, "Ease of distribution is key and the borough sits in the heart of the UK, whilst it also provides a skilled and varied workforce." [31] (#cite_note-31) [32] (#cite_note-32) Corporate affairs [ edit ] Boohoo also owns boohooMAN, PrettyLittleThing (/wiki/PrettyLittleThing) , Nasty Gal (/wiki/Nasty_Gal) and MissPap, all targeted at 16 to 35 year olds. [33] (#cite_note-33) PrettyLittleThing was acquired in December 2016, with the retailer purchasing a 66% stake in the business at a cost of £3.3m, with the existing management team retaining the remaining shares. [34] (#cite_note-34) During the year up to April 2017, customer browsing from mobile devices accounted for 70% of total sessions, an increase of 4% from the previous year, with downloads of its mobile app across the United Kingdom, United States and Australia totalling around 2.2 million. [28] (#cite_note-inetretailing_sales_apr17-28) Financial performance [ edit ] In the 10 months to December 2013, Boohoo had sales totalling £92m, with a profit before charges of £10m. [4] (#cite_note-shares_sale_mar14-4) By February 2014, total sales had reached £110m, with profits of £11m. [27] (#cite_note-notsobstory_jun14-27) Turnover in the year to February 2015 was £139.9m, an increase of 27% from the previous year, with an increase of gross profit by 31% to £85m. [30] (#cite_note-founders_interview_drapers_may15-30) In April 2017, Boohoo announced that its profits had almost doubled to £31 million on sales up 51% to almost £300 million. [35] (#cite_note-BBC_2017-04-26-35) When the company was floated on the stock market in 2014, it was valued at £560m, and is worth about £2 billion as of April 2017. [update] (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boohoo.com&action=edit) [35] (#cite_note-BBC_2017-04-26-35) Internationally, the retailer suggests its 140% growth to revenue of almost £40m has exceeded expectation, whilst growth in Europe was 44% and 42% for the rest of their international operations. [28] (#cite_note-inetretailing_sales_apr17-28) Strong performance was reported in April 2018, when Boohoo announced almost double revenue from the previous year, up to £580 million, a pre-tax profit of £43.3 million and a 22 percent increase in customers. [36] (#cite_note-ft_april18figures-36) Boohoo has continued to experience strong performance with the last four-month period for 2019 experiencing a 44% jump in revenue to £328.2m. [37] (#cite_note-37) In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) , Boohoo was reported to have turned a greater profit than in the previous fiscal year. [38] (#cite_note-euronewsliving220520-38) Euronews Living (/wiki/Euronews) reported at the time that "Boohoo has managed to capitalise on cosy clothing when its customers need comfort above all else." [38] (#cite_note-euronewsliving220520-38) The company revealed a 45% increase in first quarter revenue. [11] (#cite_note-FT_170620-11) In July 2020, the firm's share price fell 46% following allegations of malpractice at Leicester factories. [17] (#cite_note-Guardian_150729-17) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c "Annual Report 2023" (https://www.boohooplc.com/sites/boohoo-corp/files/2023-05/boohoo-group-plc-annual-report-and-accounts-2023.pdf) (PDF) . Retrieved 18 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) https://www.logisticsmanager.com/boohoo-terminates-contracts-with-suppliers-in-wake-of-pay-allegations/ (https://www.logisticsmanager.com/boohoo-terminates-contracts-with-suppliers-in-wake-of-pay-allegations/) ^ (#cite_ref-3) "board of directors – boohoo.com plc" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170606094509/http://www.boohooplc.com/about-us/board-of-directors.aspx) . Boohooplc.com. 24 February 2014. Archived from the original (http://www.boohooplc.com/about-us/board-of-directors.aspx) on 6 June 2017 . Retrieved 15 May 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Family behind Boohoo.com pocket £240m from sale of company shares" (https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/mar/07/boohoo-sale-company-shares) . The Guardian . 7 March 2014 . Retrieved 24 December 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Simon Neville (14 March 2014). "Boohoo.com shares soar on stock market debut as online retailer cashes in on IPO fever" (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/boohoo-com-shares-soar-stock-market-debut-online-retailer-cashes-ipo-fever-9192766.html) . The Independent . Retrieved 16 April 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Laville, Sandra (22 June 2019). "The story of a £4 Boohoo dress: cheap clothes at a high cost" (https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/jun/22/cost-cheap-fast-fashion-workers-planet) . The Guardian . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0261-3077 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077) . Retrieved 22 April 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b O'Connor, Sarah (17 May 2018). "Dark factories: labour exploitation in Britain's garment industry | Free to read" (https://www.ft.com/content/e427327e-5892-11e8-b8b2-d6ceb45fa9d0) . www.ft.com . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Bland, Archie; Kelly, Annie (4 July 2020). "Boohoo booms as Leicester garment factories are linked to lockdown" (https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2020/jul/04/boohoo-booms-leicester-garment-factories-linked-lockdown) . The Guardian . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Naomi Rovnick; Jonathan Eley; Nic Fildes (6 August 2019). "Boohoo snaps up Karen Millen and Coast in £18.2m pre-pack deal" (https://www.ft.com/content/180606b2-b812-11e9-96bd-8e884d3ea203) . Financial Times . Retrieved 16 April 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Tops and joggers in as Boohoo lockdown sales boom" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-52380948) . BBC News . 22 April 2020. ^ Jump up to: a b Eley, Jonathan (17 June 2020). "Boohoo predicts revenue boost as it snaps up Oasis and Warehouse brands" (https://www.ft.com/content/5e7b46e1-04b0-4edd-b63b-3fa1f9c88a03) . Financial Times . Retrieved 17 June 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Nazir, Sahar (2 July 2020). "Boohoo responds to allegations of "forcing" Covid-19 positive to work - Retail Gazette" (https://www.retailgazette.co.uk/blog/2020/07/boohoo-forcing-covid-19-positive-workers-to-come-into-factory/) . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Boohoo & COVID-19" (https://labourbehindthelabel.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/LBL-Boohoo-WEB.pdf) (PDF) . Labour Behind the Label (/wiki/Labour_Behind_the_Label) . June 2020 . Retrieved 16 April 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Caroline Wheeler; Amardeep Bassey; Vidhathri Matety (5 July 2020). "Boohoo: fashion giant faces 'slavery' investigation" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/boohoo-fashion-giant-faces-slavery-investigation-57s3hxcth) . The Sunday Times . Retrieved 6 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Boohoo investigates supplier over poor conditions" (https://www.bbc.com/news/business-53305006) . BBC News . 6 July 2020 . Retrieved 6 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Powell, Emma (10 July 2020). "SLA ditches Boohoo over worker allegations" (https://www.investorschronicle.co.uk/shares/2020/07/10/sla-ditches-boohoo-over-worker-allegations/) . www.investorschronicle.co.uk . Retrieved 13 July 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b Butler, Sarah (15 July 2020). " (https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/jul/16/incredible-boohoo-denying-knowledge-of-factory-allegations-says-mp) 'Incredible' Boohoo denying knowledge of factory allegations, says MP" (https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/jul/16/incredible-boohoo-denying-knowledge-of-factory-allegations-says-mp) . The Guardian . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0261-3077 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077) . Retrieved 16 July 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Boohoo knew of Leicester factory failings, says report" (https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/sep/25/boohoo-report-reveals-factory-fire-risk-among-supply-chain-failings) . The Guardian . 25 September 2020 . Retrieved 25 January 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Boohoo appoints former judge Sir Brian Leveson to probe company's ethics" (https://www.bbc.com/news/business-55083915) . BBC News . 26 November 2020 . Retrieved 25 January 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Bland, Archie; Kelly, Shah Meer Baloch Annie (22 December 2020). "Boohoo selling clothes made by Pakistani workers 'who earned 29p an hour' (https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/dec/22/boohoo-selling-clothes-made-by-pakistani-workers-who-earned-29p-an-hour) " (https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/dec/22/boohoo-selling-clothes-made-by-pakistani-workers-who-earned-29p-an-hour) . The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Debenhams shops to close permanently after Boohoo deal" (https://www.bbc.com/news/business-55793411) . BBC News . 25 January 2021 . Retrieved 25 January 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Debenhams deal and Topshop talks put more than 20,000 jobs at risk" (https://www.theguardian.com/business/2021/jan/25/debenhams-deal-and-topshop-talks-put-more-than-20000-jobs-at-risk) . The Guardian . 25 January 2021 . Retrieved 30 January 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Boohoo buys Dorothy Perkins, Wallis and Burton but 2,450 jobs lost" (https://www.bbc.com/news/business-55977587) . BBC News . 8 February 2021 . Retrieved 8 February 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Boohoo launches in five Asian markets" (https://insideretail.com.au/business/boohoo-launches-in-five-asian-markets-202112) . Inside Retail . 16 December 2021 . Retrieved 22 December 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Eley, Jonathan (28 September 2022). "Boohoo warns sales and profits to fall short of forecast" (https://www.ft.com/content/88d4869e-c158-4c7e-9e6b-a67120564264) . The Financial Times . ^ (#cite_ref-26) Hu, Zoe (6 November 2023). "Boohoo 'breaks ethical promises', BBC Panorama finds" (https://www.drapersonline.com/news/boohoo-breaks-ethical-promises-bbc-panorama-finds) . Drapers . Retrieved 9 November 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Boohoo determined not to be another fashion sob story" (https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/jun/22/boohoo-not-fashion-sob-story) . The Guardian . 22 June 2014 . Retrieved 24 December 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Five strategies that helped boohoo.com grow annual sales by 51%" (http://internetretailing.net/2017/04/five-strategies-helped-boohoo-com-grow-annual-sales-51/) . Internet Retailing . 28 April 2017 . Retrieved 24 December 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Boohoo sales rise following investment in technology and the customer experience" (http://internetretailing.net/2017/09/boohoo-sales-rise-following-investment-technology-customer-experience/) . Internet Retailing . 29 September 2017 . Retrieved 25 December 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b "The Drapers Interview: Carol Kane and Mahmud Kamani, co-founders, Boohoo" (https://www.drapersonline.com/retail/ecommerce/the-drapers-interview-carol-kane-and-mahmud-kamani-co-founders-boohoo/5074500.article) . Drapers . 6 May 2015 . Retrieved 6 June 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "Boohoo.com set for 360 jobs bonanza at Burnley site" (https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/11007767.boohoo-com-set-360-jobs-bonanza-burnley-site/) . Lancashire Telegraph . Newsquest Media Group. 13 February 2014 . Retrieved 16 April 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) Hodgson, Neil (12 March 2021). "Boohoo expanding distribution capabilities at Burnley hub" (https://www.thebusinessdesk.com/northwest/news/2075527-boohoo-expanding-distribution-capabilities-at-burnley-hub) . thebusinessdesk.com . Retrieved 16 April 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "company overview – boohoo.com plc" (http://www.boohooplc.com/about-us/company-overview.aspx) . Boohooplc.com . Retrieved 15 May 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "boohoo.com expands with acquisition of PrettyLittleThing" (http://internetretailing.net/2016/12/boohoo-com-expands-acquisition-prettylittlething/) . Internet Retailing . 14 December 2016 . Retrieved 24 December 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Boohoo online fashion retailer sees its profits double - BBC News" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-39697246) . Bbc.co.uk. 26 April 2017 . Retrieved 15 May 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-ft_april18figures_36-0) "Fast-fashion chain Boohoo almost doubles sales in 2018" (https://www.ft.com/content/f6b72d9c-4850-11e8-8ee8-cae73aab7ccb) . Financial Times . 25 April 2018 . Retrieved 25 April 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-37) "Boohoo remains in fashion as sales surge" (https://www.bbc.com/news/business-46874367) . 15 January 2019 . Retrieved 16 January 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Boohoo booms and Primark plummets - how has coronavirus really affected fast fashion?" (https://www.euronews.com/living/2020/05/23/boohoo-booms-and-primark-plummets-how-has-coronavirus-really-affected-fast-fashion) . Euronews Living . 22 May 2020 . Retrieved 22 May 2020 . 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American fashion designer Carol Lim Born ( 1975-02-20 ) February 20, 1975 (age 49) Los Angeles, California, U.S Label Opening Ceremony (/wiki/Opening_Ceremony_(brand)) Spouse Matthew Killip Children 2 Carol Lim (born February 20, 1975) is an American fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) , retailer and creative director (/wiki/Creative_director) , who works in partnership with Humberto Leon (/wiki/Humberto_Leon) . She founded the fashion retailer Opening Ceremony (/wiki/Opening_Ceremony_(brand)) in 2002 in Lower Manhattan (/wiki/Lower_Manhattan) . Further stores followed in New York City, then Los Angeles and Tokyo. [1] (#cite_note-Interview_Mag_Zarrella-1) A store opened in 2012 in London, coinciding with the Olympics (/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics) . [2] (#cite_note-Time_Out_London-2) [3] (#cite_note-Huh._Lowe-3) In 2011, Lim was announced as creative director (/wiki/Creative_director) of the French high fashion (/wiki/High_fashion) brand Kenzo (/wiki/Kenzo_(brand)) , which was founded in 1970 and is part of the LVMH (/wiki/LVMH) luxury goods conglomerate. [4] (#cite_note-Forbes_Elliott-4) In 2019, Lim and Leon exited Kenzo to focus on Opening Ceremony. [5] (#cite_note-5) Early life [ edit ] Carol Lim is the daughter of Korean parents, born and raised in the Los Angeles suburbs. [6] (#cite_note-NY_Mag_Yuan-6) After graduating with a degree in economics in 1997, Lim worked in the corporate sphere, including a stint with Deloitte (/wiki/Deloitte) , before moving to New York and becoming a merchandise planner for Bally (/wiki/Bally_Shoe) . [7] (#cite_note-Elle_Levy-7) [8] (#cite_note-BoF_Amed-8) Career [ edit ] At age 25, Lim went on a trip to Hong Kong, where she was inspired to open a store. Its concept was to bring brands such as Havaianas (/wiki/Havaianas) and Topshop (/wiki/Topshop) to the United States and to feature then-emerging American fashion brands such as Proenza Schouler (/wiki/Proenza_Schouler) , Alexander Wang (/wiki/Alexander_Wang_(designer)) , and Rodarte (/wiki/Rodarte) . [7] (#cite_note-Elle_Levy-7) She went to the New York State (/wiki/New_York_State) Small Business Development Center at SUNY (/wiki/State_University_of_New_York) for assistance in refining their business plan and obtaining a business loan (/wiki/Business_loan) , and each contributed $10,000 of their own money towards Opening Ceremony. [9] (#cite_note-Parsons_Festival_interview-9) [10] (#cite_note-Teen_Vogue_Rubin-10) Opening Ceremony features a rotating assortment of brands from different designers and is known for its collaborations (/wiki/Collaboration) with brands and personalities such as Pendleton, Levi's (/wiki/Levi_Strauss_%26_Co.) , Timberland (/wiki/The_Timberland_Company) , Keds (/wiki/Keds_(shoes)) , Robert Clergerie (/wiki/Robert_Clergerie) , Chloë Sevigny (/wiki/Chlo%C3%AB_Sevigny) , and Spike Jonze (/wiki/Spike_Jonze) . The stores also feature Opening Ceremony's eponymous (/wiki/Eponymous) brand. [11] (#cite_note-11) In July 2011, Kenzo parent company LVMH announced the appointment of Lim as co-creative director of the brand. [4] (#cite_note-Forbes_Elliott-4) Lim debuted her collection in 2012: [12] (#cite_note-12) It was inspired by upstate New York (/wiki/Upstate_New_York) and the painter Ellsworth Kelly (/wiki/Ellsworth_Kelly) . [1] (#cite_note-Interview_Mag_Zarrella-1) Lim is a member of the Council of Fashion Designers of America (/wiki/Council_of_Fashion_Designers_of_America) and an advisor at Parsons School of Design (/wiki/Parsons_The_New_School_for_Design) in Manhattan. [9] (#cite_note-Parsons_Festival_interview-9) Personal life [ edit ] Lim is married to British filmmaker Matthew Killip; the couple have two daughters. [13] (#cite_note-13) See also [ edit ] Koreans in New York City (/wiki/Koreans_in_New_York_City) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Zarrella, Katharine (April 2012). "Carol Lim" (http://www.interviewmagazine.com/fashion/humberto-leon-and-carol-lim) . Interview Magazine . Retrieved May 6, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-Time_Out_London_2-0) "Opening Ceremony" (http://www.timeout.com/london/shopping/opening-ceremony) . Time Out. 22 October 2012 . Retrieved 25 May 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-Huh._Lowe_3-0) Lowe, Jack (January 2012). "Opening Ceremony Opening London Store" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160809224845/http://www.huhmagazine.co.uk/3626/opening-ceremony-opening-london-store) . Huh. Archived from the original (http://www.huhmagazine.co.uk/3626/opening-ceremony-opening-london-store) on 9 August 2016 . Retrieved 25 May 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Elliott, Hannah (July 12, 2011). "Opening Ceremony Duo to Kenzo" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/hannahelliott/2011/07/12/opening-ceremony-duo-to-kenzo-official-statement-from-lvmh/) . Forbes.com . ^ (#cite_ref-5) McCall, Tyler (June 14, 2023). "Carol Lim and Humberto Leon Exit Kenzo After 8 Years" (https://fashionista.com/2019/06/humberto-leon-carol-kim-kenzo-creative-directors-exit) . Fashionista . Retrieved 2023-11-09 . ^ (#cite_ref-NY_Mag_Yuan_6-0) Yuan, Jada (September 26, 2010). "Downtown for Sale" (http://nymag.com/news/features/establishments/68501/) . New York Magazine . ^ Jump up to: a b Levy, Ariel (18 August 2010). "The success of Opening Ceremony" (http://www.elle.com/fashion/a11356/the-success-of-opening-ceremony-470082/) . Elle . Retrieved 25 May 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-BoF_Amed_8-0) Amed, Imran (11 February 2014). "Carol and Humberto Say "Everything Came From a Personal Point of View" (http://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/education/carol-lim-humberto-leon-opening-ceremony-kenzo) " (http://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/education/carol-lim-humberto-leon-opening-ceremony-kenzo) . Business of Fashion . Retrieved 26 May 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Hazel Clark (May 15, 2015). PARSONS FESTIVAL: Carol Lim and Humberto Leon in Conversation with Hazel Clark . ^ (#cite_ref-Teen_Vogue_Rubin_10-0) Rubin, Julia. "Opening Ceremony's Founders on How They Built An Empire" (http://www.teenvogue.com/careers/fashion-careers/2013-03/carol-lim-humberto-leon-opening-ceremony) . Vogue, Teen Vogue . Retrieved 25 May 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Kennedy, Alicia; Stoehrer, Emily (2013). Fashion Design, referenced . Beverly, MA: Rockport Publishers. p. 272. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781592536771 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Mistry, Meenal (October 2, 2011). "Spring 2012 Ready-to-Wear Kenzo" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150502213250/http://www.style.com/fashion-shows/spring-2012-ready-to-wear/kenzo) . style.com . Conde Nast. Archived from the original (http://www.style.com/fashion-shows/spring-2012-ready-to-wear/kenzo) on 2015-05-02. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Emma Allen (March 13, 2017). "The cool kids behind opening ceremony" (https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/03/20/the-cool-kids-behind-opening-ceremony) . The New Yorker . Retrieved November 16, 2020 . 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carol_Lim&oldid=1222507233 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carol_Lim&oldid=1222507233) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : American fashion designers (/wiki/Category:American_fashion_designers) American company founders (/wiki/Category:American_company_founders) American women company founders (/wiki/Category:American_women_company_founders) 1975 births (/wiki/Category:1975_births) Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) California people in fashion (/wiki/Category:California_people_in_fashion) American people of Korean descent (/wiki/Category:American_people_of_Korean_descent) LVMH people (/wiki/Category:LVMH_people) Artists from Los Angeles (/wiki/Category:Artists_from_Los_Angeles) University of California, Berkeley alumni (/wiki/Category:University_of_California,_Berkeley_alumni) 21st-century American businesspeople (/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_businesspeople) 21st-century American businesswomen (/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_businesswomen) American women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:American_women_fashion_designers) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles with KULTURNAV identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_KULTURNAV_identifiers)
American beauty pageant titleholder (born 1999) Noelia Voigt Alma mater University of Alabama (/wiki/University_of_Alabama) [1] (#cite_note-1) Beauty pageant (/wiki/Beauty_pageant) titleholder Title Miss Utah USA (/wiki/Miss_Utah_USA) 2023 Miss USA 2023 (/wiki/Miss_USA_2023) Major competition(s) Miss USA 2023 (Winner; Resigned) Miss Universe 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2023) (Top 20) Noelia Voigt is an American model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss USA 2023 (/wiki/Miss_USA_2023) on September 29, 2023. She is the third woman from Utah to win Miss USA, 63 years after its last win in 1960. [2] (#cite_note-2) She represented the United States at the Miss Universe 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2023) pageant on November 18, 2023, in El Salvador, where she placed in the top 20. [3] (#cite_note-3) Voigt is an anti-bullying (/wiki/Bullying) advocate. [4] (#cite_note-4) On May 6, 2024, she renounced her title. Early life and career [ edit ] Voigt is the first Venezuelan-American to earn the title Miss Utah USA and eventually Miss USA. [5] (#cite_note-:0-5) She attended Pine View School for the Gifted (/wiki/Pine_View_School_for_the_Gifted) in Osprey, Florida (/wiki/Osprey,_Florida) . [6] (#cite_note-6) Voigt has said she wanted to compete in pageants as a child, but her mother made her wait until she became a teenager. [7] (#cite_note-:1-7) After competing in her first pageant at age 16, she faced bullying by her peers which inspired her to take up a platform of anti-bullying. [7] (#cite_note-:1-7) In 2021, Voigt authored a children's book called Maddie the BRAVE, inspired by Madison Whitsett, a 9-year-old who died by suicide after being bullied at her school in 2018. [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) Voigt attended the University of Alabama (/wiki/University_of_Alabama) and is a licensed esthetician (/wiki/Cosmetology) . [10] (#cite_note-10) Pageantry [ edit ] Miss USA 2023 [ edit ] Main article: Miss USA 2023 (/wiki/Miss_USA_2023) After reaching the first runner-up position at Miss Alabama-USA for the second consecutive time, she moved to South Jordan, Utah, in April 2023 and competed for the title of Miss Utah USA (/wiki/Miss_Utah_USA) 2023. After winning her adoptive state pageant, she went on to represent Utah at Miss USA 2023 on September 29 in Reno, Nevada (/wiki/Reno,_Nevada) , winning and becoming their first Venezuelan-American (/wiki/Venezuelan_Americans) winner and state titleholder. During the competition, after passing through the top 20 with the swimsuit and evening gown competitions, she eventually reaching the top five, along with contestants from Hawaii, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Wisconsin. In the final question and answer round, Voigt was asked: "As the brand ambassador for Miss USA, what will be your contribution to the organization?" to which she answered: I believe the ability to connect with people is an incredibly important asset that a Miss USA should have. The United States of America is an incredibly diverse country, probably one of the most diverse in the entire world. So being able to connect with everybody is important. As a bilingual Venezuelan-American woman, I plan to connect with that community of people because the United States of America is a diverse country and a Miss USA needs to be able to represent every community no matter their background, their race, their ethnicity, anything and I would like to be that Miss USA. [11] (#cite_note-11) Voigt was crowned by the outgoing titleholder Morgan Romano (/wiki/Morgan_Romano) of North Carolina (/wiki/North_Carolina) as Miss USA. [5] (#cite_note-:0-5) She later resigned her title on May 6, 2024, citing struggles with mental health (/wiki/Mental_health) . [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) Savannah Gankiewicz (/wiki/Savannah_Gankiewicz) of Hawaii (/wiki/Miss_Hawaii_USA) , who had placed as Voigt's first runner-up, was later announced as her Miss USA successor. [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) Miss Universe 2023 [ edit ] Main article: Miss Universe 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2023) As Miss USA 2023, Voigt represented the U.S. at the 2023 Miss Universe pageant held in El Salvador on November 18, 2023 and reached the top 20 semi-finalists. [20] (#cite_note-20) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Mureb, Kifaya (September 30, 2023). "Noelia Voigt of Utah crowned Miss USA 2023" (https://www.today.com/popculture/miss-usa-2023-winner-rcna118245) . Today.com (/wiki/Today_(American_TV_program)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231001054854/https://www.today.com/popculture/miss-usa-2023-winner-rcna118245) from the original on October 1, 2023 . Retrieved October 1, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Rees, Alex (September 30, 2023). "Miss USA 2023: Noelia Voigt of USA wins pageant" (https://www.cnn.com/style/miss-usa-2023-noelia-voigt-utah/index.html) . CNN . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230930143940/https://www.cnn.com/style/miss-usa-2023-noelia-voigt-utah/index.html) from the original on September 30, 2023 . Retrieved September 30, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Konstantinides, Anneta. "Miss Utah has been crowned the winner of Miss USA 2023" (https://www.insider.com/miss-usa-pageant-winner-miss-utah-2023-9) . Insider . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240507182916/https://www.businessinsider.com/miss-usa-pageant-winner-miss-utah-2023-9) from the original on May 7, 2024 . Retrieved September 30, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Justice, Bethany (October 11, 2023). "Miss Utah to Miss USA: Noelia Voigt's inspiring rise in pageantry" (https://www.uvureview.com/valley-life/miss-utah-to-miss-usa-noelia-voigt-inspires-through-pageantry/) . UVU REVIEW . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231016231029/https://www.uvureview.com/valley-life/miss-utah-to-miss-usa-noelia-voigt-inspires-through-pageantry/) from the original on October 16, 2023 . Retrieved October 17, 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Miss Utah Noelia Voigt Wins Miss USA 2023" (https://people.com/miss-utah-noelia-voigt-wins-miss-usa-2023-7976387) . Peoplemag . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230930095653/https://people.com/miss-utah-noelia-voigt-wins-miss-usa-2023-7976387) from the original on September 30, 2023 . Retrieved September 30, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Vin Mannix (October 8, 2023). "VIN'S PEOPLE: Former Pine View School student from Nokomis crowned Miss USA 2023" (https://www.heraldtribune.com/story/news/local/2023/10/08/vin-mannix-pine-view-school-alum-noelia-voigt-wins-miss-usa-pageant/71001920007/) . Sarasota Herald-Tribune (/wiki/Sarasota_Herald-Tribune) . Gannett (/wiki/Gannett) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231105015601/https://www.heraldtribune.com/story/news/local/2023/10/08/vin-mannix-pine-view-school-alum-noelia-voigt-wins-miss-usa-pageant/71001920007/) from the original on November 5, 2023 . Retrieved October 20, 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b Konstantinides, Anneta. "Miss USA Noelia Voigt got second place at 3 different state pageants before she won the ultimate crown" (https://www.insider.com/new-miss-usa-won-first-runner-up-three-times-2023-10) . Insider . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240507182916/https://www.businessinsider.com/new-miss-usa-won-first-runner-up-three-times-2023-10) from the original on May 7, 2024 . Retrieved October 17, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Iloka, Ugochi (June 14, 2021). "UA student writes anti-bullying book inspired by young girl who took her life" (https://www.wbrc.com/2021/06/14/ua-student-writes-anti-bullying-book-inspired-by-young-girl-who-took-her-life/) . wbrc.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231020110115/https://www.wbrc.com/2021/06/14/ua-student-writes-anti-bullying-book-inspired-by-young-girl-who-took-her-life/) from the original on October 20, 2023 . Retrieved October 17, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Robinson, Carol (November 13, 2018). "Family struggles after 9-year-old takes her own life" (https://www.al.com/news/birmingham/2018/11/birmingham-9-year-old-takes-her-own-life-family-hopes-to-spare-others-their-pain.html) . al . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231020110112/https://www.al.com/news/birmingham/2018/11/birmingham-9-year-old-takes-her-own-life-family-hopes-to-spare-others-their-pain.html) from the original on October 20, 2023 . Retrieved October 17, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Botelho, Renan (September 30, 2023). "Miss USA 2023: Noelia Voigt of Utah Wins the Crown" (https://wwd.com/pop-culture/celebrity-news/miss-usa-2023-noelia-voigt-utah-1235850217/) . WWD . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231003230952/https://wwd.com/pop-culture/celebrity-news/miss-usa-2023-noelia-voigt-utah-1235850217/) from the original on October 3, 2023 . Retrieved October 17, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Botelho, Renan (September 29, 2023). "Miss USA 2023: Noelia Voigt of Utah Wins the Crown" (https://wwd.com/pop-culture/celebrity-news/miss-usa-2023-noelia-voigt-utah-1235850217/) . Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231003230952/https://wwd.com/pop-culture/celebrity-news/miss-usa-2023-noelia-voigt-utah-1235850217/) from the original on October 3, 2023 . Retrieved September 30, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Jensen, Erin (May 6, 2024). "Miss USA Noelia Voigt makes 'tough decision' to step down. Read her full statement" (https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/celebrities/2024/05/06/miss-usa-2023-noelia-voigt-resigns/73586925007/) . USA Today (/wiki/USA_Today) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240506170729/https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/celebrities/2024/05/06/miss-usa-2023-noelia-voigt-resigns/73586925007/) from the original on May 6, 2024 . Retrieved May 6, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Gore, Leada (May 6, 2024). "Miss USA Noelia Voigt steps down, relinquishes title" (https://www.al.com/news/2024/05/miss-usa-noelia-voigt-steps-down-relinquishes-title.html) . al.com (/wiki/Al.com) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240506151330/https://www.al.com/news/2024/05/miss-usa-noelia-voigt-steps-down-relinquishes-title.html) from the original on May 6, 2024 . Retrieved May 6, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Wood, Becca (May 6, 2024). "Miss USA 2023 announces she's resigning from title for her mental health: 'This may come as a large shock' (https://www.today.com/popculture/news/miss-usa-2023-resigns-rcna150853) " (https://www.today.com/popculture/news/miss-usa-2023-resigns-rcna150853) . Today (/wiki/Today_(American_TV_program)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20240506170739/https://www.today.com/popculture/news/miss-usa-2023-resigns-rcna150853) from the original on May 6, 2024 . Retrieved May 6, 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "The Miss USA Organization is thrilled to announce that Miss Hawaii USA Savannah Gankiewicz is Miss USA 2023. She will be crowned in her native state of Hawaii in a celebratory coronation on Wednesday, May 15" (https://www.instagram.com/p/C6weGRcrxvr/) . Miss USA (/wiki/Miss_USA) . May 9, 2024. ^ (#cite_ref-16) ʻUfi, Elizabeth (May 9, 2024). "Miss Hawaii USA 2023 to be crowned as Miss USA" (https://www.khon2.com/local-news/miss-hawaii-usa-2023-to-be-crowned-as-miss-usa/) . KHON2 (/wiki/KHON2) . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Miss Hawaii 2023 named Miss USA after current titleholder relinquishes crown" (https://www.hawaiinewsnow.com/2024/05/09/miss-hawaii-2023-named-miss-usa-after-current-titleholder-relinquishes-crown/) . Hawaii News Now (/wiki/Hawaii_News_Now) . May 9, 2024. ^ (#cite_ref-18) Osher, Wendy (May 9, 2024). "Maui's Savannah Gankiewicz to be crowned Miss USA 2023 after titleholder resigns" (https://mauinow.com/2024/05/09/mauis-savannah-gankiewicz-to-be-crowned-miss-usa-2023-after-titleholder-resigns/) . Maui Now . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Konstantinides, Anneta; Grindell, Samantha (May 9, 2024). "Miss Hawaii is taking over as Miss USA following Noelia Voigt's historic resignation" (https://www.businessinsider.com/miss-hawaii-new-miss-usa-after-noelia-voigt-resignation-2024-5) . Business Insider (/wiki/Business_Insider) . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Miss Utah Noelia Voigt Crowned Miss USA 2023 Winner" (https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/miss-utah-noelia-voigt-crowned-020900510.html) . Yahoo! Entertainment . September 30, 2023. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20231002051227/https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/miss-utah-noelia-voigt-crowned-020900510.html) from the original on October 2, 2023 . Retrieved September 30, 2023 . Awards and achievements Preceded by Morgan Romano (/wiki/Morgan_Romano) (North Carolina) Miss USA (/wiki/Miss_USA) 2023 (/wiki/Miss_USA_2023) Succeeded by Savannah Gankiewicz (/wiki/Savannah_Gankiewicz) (Hawaii) Preceded by Madison Jonely Miss Utah USA (/wiki/Miss_Utah_USA) 2023 Succeeded by Mariluz Cook v t e Utah pageant winners Miss Utah (/wiki/Miss_Utah) Armelia Carol Ohmart (/wiki/Carol_Ohmart) (1946) Colleen Kay Hutchins (/wiki/Colleen_Kay_Hutchins) (1951) Sharlene Wells (/wiki/Sharlene_Wells_Hawkes) (1984) Julia Bachison (/wiki/Julia_Bachison) (2005) Katie Millar (2006) Jill Stevens (/wiki/Jill_Stevens) (2007) Miss Utah USA (/wiki/Miss_Utah_USA) Charlotte Sheffield (/wiki/Charlotte_Sheffield) (1957) Linda Bement (/wiki/Linda_Bement) (1960) Marin Poole (/wiki/Marin_Poole) (2005) Julia Bachison (/wiki/Julia_Bachison) (2008) Noelia Voigt (2023) Miss Utah Teen USA (/wiki/Miss_Utah_Teen_USA) Marin Poole (/wiki/Marin_Poole) (2002) v t e Miss USA (/wiki/Miss_USA) titleholders (/wiki/List_of_Miss_USA_titleholders) 1950s Jackie Loughery (/wiki/Jackie_Loughery) (1952) Myrna Hansen (/wiki/Myrna_Hansen) (1953) Miriam Stevenson (/wiki/Miriam_Stevenson) (1954) Carlene King Johnson (/wiki/Carlene_King_Johnson) (1955) Carol Morris (/wiki/Carol_Morris) (1956) Mary Leona Gage (/wiki/Mary_Leona_Gage) / Charlotte Sheffield (/wiki/Charlotte_Sheffield) (1957) Eurlyne Howell (/wiki/Arlene_Howell) (1958) Terry Huntingdon (/wiki/Terry_Huntingdon) (1959) 1960s Linda Bement (/wiki/Linda_Bement) (1960) Sharon Brown (/wiki/Sharon_Brown_(Miss_USA)) (1961) Macel Leilani Wilson (/wiki/Macel_Wilson) (1962) Mārīte Ozere (/wiki/Marite_Ozers) (1963) Bobbi Johnson (/wiki/Bobbi_Johnson) (1964) Sue Ann Downey (/wiki/Sue_Downey) (1965) Maria Remenyi (/wiki/Maria_Remenyi) (1966) Sylvia Hitchcock (/wiki/Sylvia_Hitchcock) / Cheryl Patton (/wiki/Cheryl_Patton) (1967) Dorothy Anstett (/wiki/Dorothy_Anstett) (1968) Wendy Dascomb (/wiki/Wendy_Dascomb) (1969) 1970s Deborah Shelton (/wiki/Deborah_Shelton) (1970) Michele McDonald (/wiki/Michele_McDonald) (1971) Tanya Wilson (/wiki/Tanya_Wilson) (1972) Amanda Jones (/wiki/Amanda_Jones_(Miss_USA)) (1973) Karen Morrison (/wiki/Karen_Morrison-Comstock) (1974) Summer Bartholomew (/wiki/Summer_Bartholomew) (1975) Barbara Peterson (/wiki/Barbara_Peterson) (1976) Kimberly Tomes (/wiki/Kimberly_Tomes) (1977) Judi Andersen (/wiki/Judi_Andersen) (1978) Mary Therese Friel (/wiki/Mary_Therese_Friel) (1979) 1980s Shawn Weatherly (/wiki/Shawn_Weatherly) / Jineane Ford (/wiki/Jineane_Ford) (1980) Kim Seelbrede (/wiki/Kim_Seelbrede) (1981) Terri Utley (/wiki/Terri_Utley) (1982) Julie Hayek (/wiki/Julie_Hayek) (1983) Mai Shanley (/wiki/Mai_Shanley) (1984) Laura Martinez-Herring (/wiki/Laura_Harring) (1985) Christy Fichtner (/wiki/Christy_Fichtner) (1986) Michelle Royer (/wiki/Michelle_Royer) (1987) Courtney Gibbs (/wiki/Courtney_Gibbs) (1988) Gretchen Polhemus (/wiki/Gretchen_Polhemus) (1989) 1990s Carole Gist (/wiki/Carole_Gist) (1990) Kelli McCarty (/wiki/Kelli_McCarty) (1991) Shannon Marketic (/wiki/Shannon_Marketic) (1992) Kenya Moore (/wiki/Kenya_Moore) (1993) Lu Parker (/wiki/Lu_Parker) (1994) Chelsi Smith (/wiki/Chelsi_Smith) / Shanna Moakler (/wiki/Shanna_Moakler) (1995) Ali Landry (/wiki/Ali_Landry) (1996) Brook Lee (/wiki/Brook_Lee) / Brandi Sherwood (/wiki/Brandi_Sherwood) (1997) Shawnae Jebbia (/wiki/Shawnae_Jebbia) (1998) Kimberly Pressler (/wiki/Kimberly_Pressler) (1999) 2000s Lynnette Cole (/wiki/Lynnette_Cole) (2000) Kandace Krueger (/wiki/Kandace_Krueger) (2001) Shauntay Hinton (/wiki/Shauntay_Hinton) (2002) Susie Castillo (/wiki/Susie_Castillo) (2003) Shandi Finnessey (/wiki/Shandi_Finnessey) (2004) Chelsea Cooley (/wiki/Chelsea_Cooley) (2005) Tara Conner (/wiki/Tara_Conner) (2006) Rachel Smith (/wiki/Rachel_Smith) (2007) Crystle Stewart (/wiki/Crystle_Stewart) (2008) Kristen Dalton (/wiki/Kristen_Dalton_(Miss_USA)) (2009) 2010s Rima Fakih (/wiki/Rima_Fakih) (2010) Alyssa Campanella (/wiki/Alyssa_Campanella) (2011) Olivia Culpo (/wiki/Olivia_Culpo) / Nana Meriwether (/wiki/Nana_Meriwether) (2012) Erin Brady (/wiki/Erin_Brady) (2013) Nia Sanchez (/wiki/Nia_Sanchez) (2014) Olivia Jordan (/wiki/Olivia_Jordan) (2015) Deshauna Barber (/wiki/Deshauna_Barber) (2016) Kára McCullough (/wiki/K%C3%A1ra_McCullough) (2017) Sarah Rose Summers (/wiki/Sarah_Rose_Summers) (2018) Cheslie Kryst (/wiki/Cheslie_Kryst) (2019) 2020s Asya Branch (/wiki/Asya_Branch) (2020) Elle Smith (/wiki/Elle_Smith) (2021) R'Bonney Gabriel (/wiki/R%27Bonney_Gabriel) / Morgan Romano (/wiki/Morgan_Romano) (2022) Noelia Voigt (2023) / Savannah Gankiewicz (/wiki/Savannah_Gankiewicz) (2023) v t e Miss Universe 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2023) national titleholders ALB : Endi Demneri (/wiki/Endi_Demneri) AGO : Ana Coimbra (/wiki/Ana_Coimbra) ARG : Yamile Dajud (/wiki/Yamile_Dajud) AUS : Moraya Wilson (/wiki/Moraya_Wilson) BHS : Melissa Ingraham (/wiki/Melissa_Ingraham) BEL : Emilie Vansteenkiste (/wiki/Emilie_Vansteenkiste) BOL : Estefany Rivero (/wiki/Estefany_Rivero) BRA : Maria Brechane (/wiki/Maria_Brechane) KHM : Sotima John (/wiki/Sotima_John) CAN : Madison Kvaltin (/wiki/Madison_Kvaltin) CHL : Celeste Viel (/wiki/Celeste_Viel) COL : Camila Avella (/wiki/Camila_Avella) CRC : Lisbeth Valverde (/wiki/Lisbeth_Valverde) CZE : Vanesa Švédová (/wiki/Vanesa_%C5%A0v%C3%A9dov%C3%A1) DNK : Nikoline Hansen (/wiki/Nikoline_Hansen) ECU : Delary Stoffers (/wiki/Delary_Stoffers) EGY : Mohra Tantawy (/wiki/Mohra_Tantawy) SLV : Isabella García-Manzo (/wiki/Isabella_Garc%C3%ADa-Manzo) FIN : Paula Joukanen (/wiki/Paula_Joukanen) FRA : Diane Leyre (/wiki/Diane_Leyre) DEU : Helena Bleicher (/wiki/Helena_Bleicher) GBR : Jessica Page (/wiki/Jessica_Page) GRE : Marielia Zaloumi (/wiki/Marielia_Zaloumi) GTM : Michelle Cohn (/wiki/Michelle_Cohn) HND : Zuheilyn Clemente (/wiki/Zuheilyn_Clemente) ISL : Lilja Pétursdóttir (/wiki/Lilja_P%C3%A9tursd%C3%B3ttir) IND : Shweta Sharda (/wiki/Shweta_Sharda) IDN : Fabiënne Groeneveld (/wiki/Fabi%C3%ABnne_Groeneveld) IRL : Aishah Akorede (/wiki/Aishah_Akorede) ITA : Carmen Panepinto (/wiki/Carmen_Panepinto) JPN : Rio Miyazaki (/wiki/Rio_Miyazaki) LBN : Maya Aboul Hosn (/wiki/Maya_Aboul_Hosn) MEX : Melissa Flores (/wiki/Melissa_Flores) NPL : Jane Dipika Garrett (/wiki/Jane_Dipika_Garrett) NLD : Rikkie Kollé (/wiki/Rikkie_Koll%C3%A9) NIC : Sheynnis Palacios (/wiki/Sheynnis_Palacios) NOR : Julie Tollefsen (/wiki/Julie_Tollefsen) PAK : Erica Robin (/wiki/Erica_Robin) PAN : Natasha Vargas (/wiki/Natasha_Vargas) PAR : Elicena Andrada (/wiki/Elicena_Andrada) PER : Camila Escribens (/wiki/Camila_Escribens) PHL : Michelle Dee (/wiki/Michelle_Dee) POL : Angelika Jurkowianiec (/wiki/Angelika_Jurkowianiec) POR : Marina Machete (/wiki/Marina_Machete) PUR : Karla Guilfú (/wiki/Karla_Guilf%C3%BA) RUS : Margarita Golubeva (/wiki/Margarita_Golubeva) SGP : Priyanka Annuncia (/wiki/Priyanka_Annuncia) ZAF : Bryoni Govender (/wiki/Bryoni_Govender) ESP : Athenea Pérez (/wiki/Athenea_P%C3%A9rez) THA : Anntonia Porsild (/wiki/Anntonia_Porsild) TTO : Faith Gillezeau (/wiki/Faith_Gillezeau) UKR : Angelina Usanova (/wiki/Angelina_Usanova) USA : Noelia Voigt VEN : Diana Silva (/wiki/Diana_Silva_(model)) VNM : Bùi Quỳnh Hoa (/wiki/B%C3%B9i_Qu%E1%BB%B3nh_Hoa) ZWE : Brooke Bruk-Jackson (/wiki/Brooke_Bruk-Jackson) v t e United States (/wiki/United_States) at Miss Universe (/wiki/Miss_Universe) Miss Universe Miriam Stevenson (/wiki/Miriam_Stevenson) ( 1954 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1954) ) Carol Morris (/wiki/Carol_Morris) ( 1956 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1956) ) Sharon Brown (/wiki/Sharon_Brown_(Miss_USA)) ( 1960 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1960) ) Sylvia Hitchcock (/wiki/Sylvia_Hitchcock) ( 1967 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1967) ) Shawn Weatherly (/wiki/Shawn_Weatherly) ( 1980 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1980) ) Chelsi Smith (/wiki/Chelsi_Smith) ( 1995 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1995) ) Brook Lee (/wiki/Brook_Lee) ( 1997 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1997) ) Olivia Culpo (/wiki/Olivia_Culpo) ( 2012 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2012) ) R'Bonney Gabriel (/wiki/R%27Bonney_Gabriel) ( 2022 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2022) ) 1st runner-up Myrna Hansen (/wiki/Myrna_Hansen) ( 1953 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1953) ) Deborah Shelton (/wiki/Deborah_Shelton) ( 1970 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1970) ) Amanda Jones (/wiki/Amanda_Jones_(Miss_USA)) ( 1973 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1973) ) Judi Andersen (/wiki/Judi_Andersen) ( 1978 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1978) ) Julie Hayek (/wiki/Julie_Hayek) ( 1983 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1983) ) Christy Fichtner (/wiki/Christy_Fichtner) ( 1986 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1986) ) Carole Gist (/wiki/Carole_Gist) ( 1990 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1990) ) Shandi Finnessey (/wiki/Shandi_Finnessey) ( 2004 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2004) ) Nia Sanchez (/wiki/Nia_Sanchez) ( 2014 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2014) ) 2nd runner-up Terry Lynn Huntingdon (/wiki/Terry_Lynn_Huntingdon) ( 1959 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1959) ) Sue Ann Downey (/wiki/Sue_Ann_Downey) ( 1965 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1965) ) Summer Bartholomew (/wiki/Summer_Bartholomew) ( 1975 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1975) ) Michelle Royer (/wiki/Michelle_Royer) ( 1987 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1987) ) Gretchen Polhemus (/wiki/Gretchen_Polhemus) ( 1989 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1989) ) Kandace Krueger (/wiki/Kandace_Krueger) ( 2001 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2001) ) Olivia Jordan (/wiki/Olivia_Jordan) ( 2015 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2015) ) 3rd runner-up Eurlyne Howell (/wiki/Eurlyne_Howell) ( 1958 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1958) ) 4th runner-up Sharon Brown (/wiki/Sharon_Brown_(Miss_USA)) ( 1961 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1961) ) Dorothy Anstett (/wiki/Dorothy_Anstett) ( 1968 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1968) ) Terri Utley (/wiki/Terri_Utley) ( 1982 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1982) ) Tara Conner (/wiki/Tara_Conner) ( 2006 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2006) ) Rachel Smith (/wiki/Rachel_Smith) ( 2007 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2007) ) Top 5-6 Kelli McCarty (/wiki/Kelli_McCarty) ( 1991 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1991) ) Kenya Moore (/wiki/Kenya_Moore) ( 1993 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1993) ) Lu Parker (/wiki/Lu_Parker) ( 1994 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1994) ) Ali Landry (/wiki/Ali_Landry) ( 1996 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1996) ) Shawnae Jebbia (/wiki/Shawnae_Jebbia) ( 1998 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1998) ) Lynnette Cole (/wiki/Lynnette_Cole) ( 2000 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2000) ) Top 10-13 Jackie Loughery (/wiki/Jackie_Loughery) ( 1952 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1952) ) Michele McDonald (/wiki/Michele_McDonald) ( 1971 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1971) ) Tanya Wilson (/wiki/Tanya_Wilson) ( 1972 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1972) ) Karen Morrison (/wiki/Karen_Morrison) ( 1974 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1974) ) Kimberly Tomes (/wiki/Kimberly_Tomes) ( 1977 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1977) ) Mary Therese Friel (/wiki/Mary_Therese_Friel) ( 1979 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1979) ) Kim Seelbrede (/wiki/Kim_Seelbrede) ( 1981 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1981) ) Mai Shanley (/wiki/Mai_Shanley) ( 1984 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1984) ) Laura Martinez-Herring (/wiki/Laura_Martinez-Herring) ( 1985 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1985) ) Courtney Gibbs (/wiki/Courtney_Gibbs) ( 1988 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1988) ) Shannon Marketic (/wiki/Shannon_Marketic) ( 1992 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1992) ) Chelsea Cooley (/wiki/Chelsea_Cooley) ( 2005 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2005) ) Crystle Stewart (/wiki/Crystle_Stewart) ( 2008 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2008) ) Kristen Dalton (/wiki/Kristen_Dalton_(Miss_USA)) ( 2009 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2009) ) Erin Brady (/wiki/Erin_Brady) ( Miss Universe 2013 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2013) ) Deshauna Barber (/wiki/Deshauna_Barber) ( 2016 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2016) ) Kára McCullough (/wiki/K%C3%A1ra_McCullough) ( 2017 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2017) ) Cheslie Kryst (/wiki/Cheslie_Kryst) ( 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2019) ) Elle Smith (/wiki/Elle_Smith) ( 2021 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2021) ) Top 15-16 Carlene King Johnson (/wiki/Carlene_King_Johnson) ( 1955 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1955) ) Macel Wilson (/wiki/Macel_Wilson) ( 1962 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1962) ) Marite Ozers (/wiki/Marite_Ozers) ( 1963 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1963) ) Bobbi Johnson (/wiki/Bobbi_Johnson) ( 1964 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1964) ) Maria Remenyi (/wiki/Maria_Remenyi) ( 1966 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1966) ) Wendy Dascomb (/wiki/Wendy_Dascomb) ( 1969 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1969) ) Susie Castillo (/wiki/Susie_Castillo) ( 2003 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2003) ) Alyssa Campanella (/wiki/Alyssa_Campanella) ( 2011 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2011) ) Top 20-21 Sarah Rose Summers (/wiki/Sarah_Rose_Summers) ( 2018 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2018) ) Asya Branch (/wiki/Asya_Branch) ( 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2020) ) Noelia Voigt ( 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_2023) ) Miss USA (/wiki/Miss_USA) Miss Universe (/wiki/Miss_Universe) v t e Miss Universe Organization titleholders (/wiki/Miss_Universe_Organization) (2023) Miss Universe (/wiki/Miss_Universe) Sheynnis Palacios (/wiki/Sheynnis_Palacios) Miss USA (/wiki/Miss_USA) Noelia Voigt (Utah) ( resigned ) Savannah Gankiewicz (/wiki/Savannah_Gankiewicz) (Hawaii) ( appointed ) Miss Teen USA (/wiki/Miss_Teen_USA) UmaSofia Srivastava (/wiki/UmaSofia_Srivastava) (New Jersey) ( 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British dressmaker Kate Reily was a noted British dressmaker (/wiki/Dressmaker) , active in the late 19th- and early 20th-century. She had a shop at 11-12 Dover Street (/wiki/Dover_Street) , London (/wiki/London) . A New York branch of the enterprise was located at 277 Fifth Avenue, and a Chicago store was at 1305 Michigan Avenue. [1] (#cite_note-1) Reily designed dresses worn by bridesmaids at the elaborate 1889 wedding of Lord William Nevill and Miss Luisa Maria Carmen de Murrieta, at Brompton Oratory (/wiki/Brompton_Oratory) in London. The dresses were described in The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) as "white silk dresses edged with otter fur" worn with "mouse-colored velvet hats with ostrich plumes." [2] (#cite_note-2) The New York Times reported in 1894 that the American branch of the business was purchased by the New York firm of Ehrich Brothers, which made "magnificent costumes" available "for only a fraction of the original price." [3] (#cite_note-3) "JEEM is a thought", a notion that stems from the appreciation of beauty from the simplest of silhouettes to the creations of bespoke beauty JEEM takes you on a journey of delicate embroideries and a fusion of international trends." [4] (#cite_note-4) A labeled dress by Reily, a pale green silk satin with a brocaded floral and vine design, lace trim at the neckline and cuffs, net inserts at the neckline, and a wide satin sash with metal tassels, is in the collection of the Staten Island Historical Society (/wiki/Staten_Island_Historical_Society) ( Staten Island (/wiki/Staten_Island) , New York City). [5] (#cite_note-5) Early in her career, the French designer Madeleine Vionnet (/wiki/Madeleine_Vionnet) (1876–1975) worked as a fitter with Reily. [6] (#cite_note-6) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Pascoe, Charles Eyre (1892). London of To-day: An Illustrated Handbook for the Season 1892 . Roberts brothers. pp. 386 (https://archive.org/details/londontodayanil00pascgoog/page/n500) . london of to-day an illustrated handbook 1892. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "A Great London Wedding" (https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1889/04/07/106344610.pdf) (PDF) . The New York Times . 7 April 1889 . Retrieved 29 April 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Fine Costumes at Low Prices" (https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FA0C13F73E5515738DDDA80894D9415B8485F0D3#) . The New York Times . 1 November 1894 . Retrieved 29 April 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Jeem" (https://jeem.pk/) . The New York Times . 1 November 1894 . Retrieved 29 April 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Dress, ca. 1900" (https://statenisland.pastperfectonline.com/webobject/C6426E74-72C1-4579-B3CD-603896473866) . Online Collections Database . Staten Island Historical Society . Retrieved 29 April 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Golbin, Pamela (2009). Madeleine Vionnet . Rizzoli. External links [ edit ] Two-piece dress by Kate Reily in the Staten Island Historical Society Online Collections Database (https://statenisland.pastperfectonline.com/webobject/C6426E74-72C1-4579-B3CD-603896473866) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐rcbcc Cached time: 20240712135817 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.222 seconds Real time usage: 0.296 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 542/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 9616/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 543/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 21624/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.136/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4160078/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 282.905 1 -total 50.05% 141.597 1 Template:Reflist 35.33% 99.948 2 Template:Cite_book 32.72% 92.580 1 Template:Short_description 17.98% 50.879 2 Template:Pagetype 9.50% 26.870 4 Template:Main_other 8.76% 24.786 1 Template:Authority_control 8.51% 24.083 1 Template:SDcat 6.77% 19.165 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates 4.51% 12.749 3 Template:Cite_news Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:31630420-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712135817 and revision id 1228627776. 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Fashion accessory Metal couture is a type of adornment or fashion (/wiki/Fashion) item, made of metal (/wiki/Metal) , generally made as art (/wiki/Art) , for fashion photography (/wiki/Fashion_photography) or high-end couture catwalk (/wiki/Catwalk) . The pieces are generally larger and more significant than jewellery (/wiki/Jewellery) , and are generally worn (either as headpieces or more like clothing), rather than decorating the body like jewellery. In differentiating metal couture from jewellery, as one-off pieces, and generally not practical or useful for the wearer, they are more akin to art, [1] (#cite_note-1) than a standard item of jewellery. They may cover the torso, the neck, the head, or any part of the body. While they can be defined as "a form of jewellery", [2] (#cite_note-2) they can also simply be defined as "fashion designs made from metal". [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) Metal couture can stretch the concept of what is basically metal art, to the point that the metal becomes clothing, somewhat but not exactly the same as wearable art. [5] (#cite_note-5) Designers (/wiki/Designers) who create metal couture may be called "metal couturiers" or "metal couture designers". The designers generally come from a background in jewellery, or in some cases, may have skills in some other form of sheet metal (/wiki/Sheet_metal) work, for example the skills used to decorate and create historical metal armour (/wiki/Armour) . Because of the size of the pieces, they are generally not made of precious metal (/wiki/Precious_metal) as jewellery would be, as this would make them prohibitively expensive. Various types of metal (/wiki/Metal) are used for making metal couture, including steel (/wiki/Steel) , stainless steel (/wiki/Stainless_steel) , copper (/wiki/Copper) , aluminium (/wiki/Aluminium) , but may include other materials. Metal couture was first featured in fashion shows (/wiki/Fashion_shows) in the early 2000s, in both mainstream, high-end couture and alternative fashion (/wiki/Alternative_fashion) / subcultural (/wiki/Subcultural) fashion shows. [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) Some metal couture has featured in product promotional photography, stage shows (/wiki/Stage_show) , art installations (/wiki/Art_installations) and the catwalk (/wiki/Catwalk) . Other items have featured in film (/wiki/Film) , [8] (#cite_note-8) stage, and the video clips of performers including Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) and Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) . [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) An early metal couturier was Paco Rabanne (/wiki/Paco_Rabanne) , who used metal in clothing (/wiki/Clothing) for his designs, for film (/wiki/Film) and major fashion labels in the 1960s. [13] (#cite_note-13) Other metal couture designers include Spain (/wiki/Spain) 's Manual Albarann, who has had his work featured in cinema ( Maleficent (/wiki/Maleficent_(film)) ), on stage and in music videos (/wiki/Music_video) . The jeweller William Griffiths has featured metal couture, including metal underwear and metal corsetry, in fashion shows in London and Melbourne. [14] (#cite_note-14) Laurel De Witt's [1] (https://24fashion.tv/Article/meet-laurel-dewitt-the-queen-of-chain-and-metal-200854) label Laureluxe has featured her work in a number of fashion shows in New York. [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-16) Melbourne-based Bernard Lyons, under the label Assassinus, has had metal couture designs featured regularly in alternative fashion (/wiki/Alternative_fashion) shows in Australia (/wiki/Australia) since 2005. [17] (#cite_note-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) Jared Holland's Exosthetik studio in Auckland (/wiki/Auckland) , New Zealand (/wiki/New_Zealand) , specialising in complex electrolytic etching, has featured his work in fashion shows and made pieces for the music industry. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Ibarra, Sabina, "Q & A with Manuel Albarran", Living Out Loud , May 5, 2014 http://www.lol-la.com/qa-with-maleficent-costume-designer-manuel-albarran/ (http://www.lol-la.com/qa-with-maleficent-costume-designer-manuel-albarran/) ^ (#cite_ref-2) Ibarra, Sabina, "Q & A with Manuel Albarran", Living Out Loud , May 5, 2014 http://www.lol-la.com/qa-with-maleficent-costume-designer-manuel-albarran/ (http://www.lol-la.com/qa-with-maleficent-costume-designer-manuel-albarran/) ^ (#cite_ref-3) Mohemad, Dena, "Manuel Albarran Metal Couture", Pushit Journal http://www.pushitmagazine.com/news/manuel-albarren-metal-couture/ (http://www.pushitmagazine.com/news/manuel-albarren-metal-couture/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160411055635/http://www.pushitmagazine.com/news/manuel-albarren-metal-couture/) 2016-04-11 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-4) Ilbarra, Sabina, "Q & A with Manuel Albarran", Living Out Loud , May 5, 2014 http://www.lol-la.com/qa-with-maleficent-costume-designer-manuel-albarran/ (http://www.lol-la.com/qa-with-maleficent-costume-designer-manuel-albarran/) ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Metal Couture" The Alternative Fashion Blog, Tuesday, March 3, 2009 http://altfashion.blogspot.com.au/2009/03/metal-couture.html (http://altfashion.blogspot.com.au/2009/03/metal-couture.html) ^ (#cite_ref-6) Jill Stark "The Dark Side of Fashion" The Age , March 17, 2005, p. 25 http://www.theage.com.au/news/Fashion/The-dark-side-of-style/2005/03/16/1110913658383.html (http://www.theage.com.au/news/Fashion/The-dark-side-of-style/2005/03/16/1110913658383.html) ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Style? They've goth it" MX Magazine 11/03/2005 ^ (#cite_ref-8) Atkinson, Nathalie, Edmonton Journal , "The Look of Evil Never Goes Out of Fashion; Costumes Mirror Maleficent's Fall from Grace", June 6, 2014, p. 11 ^ (#cite_ref-9) Recent Pevonia News and Events http://www.dayspamagazine.com/article/recent-pevonia-news-and-events (http://www.dayspamagazine.com/article/recent-pevonia-news-and-events) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160321002910/http://www.dayspamagazine.com/article/recent-pevonia-news-and-events) 2016-03-21 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-10) Mohemad, Dena, "Manuel Albarran Metal Couture", Pushit Journal http://www.pushitmagazine.com/news/manuel-albarren-metal-couture/ (http://www.pushitmagazine.com/news/manuel-albarren-metal-couture/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160411055635/http://www.pushitmagazine.com/news/manuel-albarren-metal-couture/) 2016-04-11 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-11) niwdenapolis: MANUEL ALBARRAN'S METAL COUTURE http://www.niwdenapolis.com/2009/11/manuel-albarrans-metal-couture.html (http://www.niwdenapolis.com/2009/11/manuel-albarrans-metal-couture.html) ^ (#cite_ref-12) The Alternative Fashion Blog, "Lady Ga Ga More Metal Couture", Retrieved 25 March 2016 http://altfashion.blogspot.com.au/2009/11/lady-ga-ga-more-metal-couture.html (http://altfashion.blogspot.com.au/2009/11/lady-ga-ga-more-metal-couture.html) ^ (#cite_ref-13) Wayne, George, Vanity Fair , "Heaven Scent", 1 February 2000, p. 104 ^ (#cite_ref-14) Drapers Record , "The future stars of fashion shine bright in London", 8 April 2000, p. 14 ^ (#cite_ref-15) Laurel De Witt, "LaureLuxe to Present Bold Metal Couture Designs at Couture Fashion", Week New York http://www.couturefashionweek.com/press/laureluxe.htm (http://www.couturefashionweek.com/press/laureluxe.htm) ^ (#cite_ref-16) B, Jane, "Laurel Lux Metal Couture" Jane B Lashes, Your Beauty is My Passion http://janeblashes.com/the-jane-b-show/passion/1011-2/ (http://janeblashes.com/the-jane-b-show/passion/1011-2/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160317185634/http://janeblashes.com/the-jane-b-show/passion/1011-2/) 2016-03-17 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-17) Jill Stark, "The Dark Side of Fashion" The Age , March 17, 2005, p. 25 http://www.theage.com.au/news/Fashion/The-dark-side-of-style/2005/03/16/1110913658383.html (http://www.theage.com.au/news/Fashion/The-dark-side-of-style/2005/03/16/1110913658383.html) ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Style? They've goth it", MX Magazine 11/03/2005 NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐6f5ccb59c8‐t9cr5 Cached time: 20240623194353 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.111 seconds Real time usage: 0.158 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 446/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2821/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 348/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 9723/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.038/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1572122/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 139.765 1 -total 67.97% 95.003 1 Template:Short_description 39.60% 55.354 2 Template:Pagetype 25.53% 35.684 1 Template:Reflist 16.98% 23.736 3 Template:Main_other 14.90% 20.824 1 Template:SDcat 9.85% 13.766 4 Template:Webarchive 2.57% 3.585 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:49940392-0!canonical and timestamp 20240623194353 and revision id 1212717911. 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This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/SOL3) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:SOL3) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article is an orphan (/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan) , as no other articles link to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=SOL3&namespace=0) . Please introduce links (/wiki/Help:Link) to this page from related articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=SOL3&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=SOL3) ; try the Find link tool (https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=SOL3) for suggestions. ( January 2021 ) The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guidelines for companies and organizations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(organizations_and_companies)) . Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing reliable secondary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) that are independent (/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources) of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be merged (/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging) , redirected (/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect) , or deleted (/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy) . Find sources: "SOL3" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22SOL3%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22SOL3%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22SOL3%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22SOL3%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22SOL3%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22SOL3%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( May 2024 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) SOL3 Product type Insoles (/wiki/Insoles) , Shoelaces (/wiki/Shoelaces) , Socks (/wiki/Socks) , Shoe Care Country Philadelphia (/wiki/Philadelphia) , United States Introduced 2016 Markets Worldwide Website sol3 (https://sol3.com/) .com (https://sol3.com/) SOL3 is an American footwear (/wiki/Footwear) company that designs and produces shoe accessories, which range from manufacturing insoles such as shoe lifts and crease protectors to various basic foot care items including laces, deodorizer, socks and sneaker cleaner. Based in Philadelphia (/wiki/Philadelphia) and founded as of late-2016, SOL3 launched the original ternary adjustable height insoles (/wiki/Insoles) that can be modified to increase elevation in footwear from 1 to 2.36 inches. [1] (#cite_note-1) The company first began distributing and shipping product globally in October 2016. As of December 2017, SOL3 sold an estimated 50,000 units of the 3-Level Insole after its first year of operation. [2] (#cite_note-2) In 2018, SOL3 was named “Footwear Accessory of the Year” by Sneakscore. [3] (#cite_note-3) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) McQuarrie, Laura. "SOL3's Footwear Insoles Help to Increase One's Height in Shoes" (https://www.trendhunter.com/trends/footwear-insoles) . Trend Hunter . Trend Hunter . Retrieved 30 April 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Gold, Mike. "How SOL3's Height Increasing Insoles Changed the Footwear Industry, Giving Birth to "Dad Shoes" (https://medium.com/@mike_gold/how-sol3s-height-increasing-insoles-disrupted-the-footwear-industry-giving-birth-to-dad-shoes-9f46fa13beb4) " (https://medium.com/@mike_gold/how-sol3s-height-increasing-insoles-disrupted-the-footwear-industry-giving-birth-to-dad-shoes-9f46fa13beb4) . Medium . Medium . Retrieved 30 April 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Runo, Luis. "Best of 2017-18: SOL3" (https://www.sneakscore.com/sol3/3level-insole) . Sneakscore . Sneakscore . Retrieved 30 April 2019 . 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Recurring fashion event in Beijing This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/China_Fashion_Week) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "China Fashion Week" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22China+Fashion+Week%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22China+Fashion+Week%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22China+Fashion+Week%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22China+Fashion+Week%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22China+Fashion+Week%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22China+Fashion+Week%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( April 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) China Fashion Week Genre Clothing and fashion exhibitions Frequency Semi-annually, twice a year Location(s) Beijing (/wiki/Beijing) , China Inaugurated 1997 Organised by Mercedes-Benz Fashion Weeks worldwide (/wiki/Mercedes-Benz) Website www (http://www.chinafashionweek.org.cn/) .chinafashionweek (http://www.chinafashionweek.org.cn/) .org (http://www.chinafashionweek.org.cn/) .cn (http://www.chinafashionweek.org.cn/) China Fashion Week is an international fashion event (/wiki/Fashion_week) held twice a year at various venues in Beijing (/wiki/Beijing) , China (/wiki/China) . [1] (#cite_note-1) The event originated in 1997 and hosts professional contests, exhibitions, fashion forums and professional evaluations. [2] (#cite_note-chinafashionweek.org-2) The event showcases fashion collections from various designers, including ready-to-wear, accessories, styling and other new designs. [2] (#cite_note-chinafashionweek.org-2) The dates for Fashion Week, in March and October, are determined by the China Fashion Federation. China Fashion Week was previously called "First China Fashion Week". When it first began, China Fashion Week was less critical of the seasonal concept of the event. Over the years as the event went on, the showing of “ready-to-wear” clothes and designer clothes were split into two sections. One section changed to March and the other to November. [3] (#cite_note-3) To date, [ when? ] 959 fashion shows have been held in Beijing where over 3200 designers and models have contributed from countries such as Japan (/wiki/Japan) , Korea (/wiki/Korea) , Singapore (/wiki/Singapore) , France (/wiki/France) , Italy (/wiki/Italy) , United States (/wiki/United_States) , Russia (/wiki/Russia) , Britain (/wiki/United_Kingdom) , Switzerland (/wiki/Switzerland) , Netherlands (/wiki/Netherlands) and Sweden (/wiki/Sweden) . [2] (#cite_note-chinafashionweek.org-2) Fashion Awards [ edit ] The China Fashion Week Fashion Awards [4] (#cite_note-4) consist of four award categories: Designer Awards—includes the "Best Fashion Designer" and "Top Ten Fashion Designer" awards. Fashion Model Awards—includes the "Best Fashion Model" and "Top Ten Fashion Model" awards. Fashion Elite Awards—includes the "Best Fashion Photographer", "Best Fashion Commentator" and "Best Stylist" awards. Brand Awards Previous Fashion Week Themes [ edit ] 2014 Pollution Chic—Fashion designers incorporated pollution-blocking masks into their designs and runway shows. [5] (#cite_note-5) 2013: Crazy Eye Makeup—China's most famous makeup artist, Mao Geping, created faux eyebrows made of unconventional materials as part of his MGPIN Collection. These materials included metallic pyramid studs, gold-plated and crystal-rope jewelry, and bronze trinkets resembling the innards of a grandfather clock. [6] (#cite_note-6) 2012: Tang Jing—(The Tang Dynasty): Spring/Summer Week in 2012 combined the past with the present to feature traditional Chinese embroidery and replicas of attire from the Tang Dynasty blended with modern Haute Couture (/wiki/Haute_Couture) designs. Models showed off long gowns in bright colors, some using techniques and styles often seen in the Tang Dynasty, AD 618 to AD 907. [7] (#cite_note-7) 2014 Sponsors [ edit ] China National Garment Association (/w/index.php?title=China_National_Garment_Association&action=edit&redlink=1) (CNGA): Founded in 1991, CNGA is a self-regulated, non-profit organization engaged in China's garment industry (/wiki/Garment_industry) and is China's first national trade association (/wiki/Trade_association) at the 4A level. Mercedes-Benz (/wiki/Mercedes-Benz) :: In 2011, China International Fashion Week and luxury car brand leader. They established a strategic partnership. China International Fashion Week has listed China Fashion Week in Mercedes-Benz Fashion Weeks worldwide. In October 2014, the China International Fashion Week (Spring-Summer 2015) was held in Beijing. See also [ edit ] Berlin Fashion Week (/wiki/Berlin_Fashion_Week) London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) Milan Fashion Week (/wiki/Milan_Fashion_Week) New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) StyleHaul (/wiki/StyleHaul) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Cabbeen is star of Fashion Week in China" (http://articles.nydailynews.com/2012-04-06/news/31301921_1_fashion-labels-runway-fashion-designers) . NYDailyNews (/wiki/Daily_News_(New_York)) . 2012-04-06 . Retrieved 2012-07-09 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Mercedes-Benz China Fashion Week" (https://web.archive.org/web/20181031204208/http://english.chinafashionweek.org/gywm_en/201202/t20120214_893212.html) . chinafashionweek.org . Archived from the original (http://english.chinafashionweek.org/gywm_en/201202/t20120214_893212.html) on 2018-10-31 . Retrieved 2015-07-17 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Luo, Yuexi; Lu, Yue; Geum, Key-Sook (2006). "A Brief Research on the Ten Years of China Fashion Week" (https://koreascience.kr/article/JAKO200601440609465.page) . International Journal of Costume and Fashion . 6 (2): 55–61. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.7233/ijcf.2006.6.2.055 (https://doi.org/10.7233%2Fijcf.2006.6.2.055) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 2233-9051 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2233-9051) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "China fashion week awards" (https://web.archive.org/web/20181021004157/http://english.chinafashionweek.org/2012cx_en/nddj_en/pxxz_en/) . Archived from the original (http://english.chinafashionweek.org/2012cx_en/nddj_en/pxxz_en/) on 2018-10-21 . Retrieved 2014-11-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "2014 fashion week anti pollution" (https://abcnews.go.com/Health/chinas-smog-prompts-face-masks-fashion-week-runways/story?id=26677065) . ABC News (/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)) . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "2013 fashion week crazy eye makeup" (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/03/27/china-fashion-week-fall-2013-eye-makeup-photos_n_2963988.html) . HuffPost (/wiki/HuffPost) . 27 March 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Traditional, ancient accents at China Fashion Week" (http://in.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-60145020111027) . 24 October 2023. This fashion (/wiki/Fashion) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=China_Fashion_Week&action=edit) . v t e This China (/wiki/China) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Monthly women's magazine in Portugal Máxima Editor-in-chief Sofia Lucas Categories Women's fashion magazine Women's magazine (/wiki/Women%27s_magazine) Frequency Monthly Publisher Cofina Media Founded 1988 ( 1988 ) First issue October 1988 Final issue June 2020 Company Cofina Country Portugal (/wiki/Portugal) Based in Lisbon (/wiki/Lisbon) Language Portuguese (/wiki/Portuguese_language) Website Maxima Máxima was a monthly women's fashion magazine published in Lisbon, Portugal, which was the Portuguese version of the French women's magazine Madame Figaro (/wiki/Madame_Figaro) . The magazine was in circulation between 1988 and 2020. History and profile [ edit ] Máxima started in 1988 as a Portuguese version of Madame Figaro , being the first international edition of the magazine. [1] (#cite_note-figm-1) [2] (#cite_note-ada-2) The first issue was published in October 1988. [3] (#cite_note-3) The founding publisher was Edirevistas Sociedade Editorial S.A. [1] (#cite_note-figm-1) [4] (#cite_note-mppub-4) The magazine is owned by Cofina (/wiki/Cofina) [5] (#cite_note-cof-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) and is published by Cofina Media on a monthly basis. [7] (#cite_note-mex-7) Its headquarters is in Lisbon. [7] (#cite_note-mex-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) As of 2015 Sofia Lucas was the editor-in-chief (/wiki/Editor-in-chief) of Máxima . [9] (#cite_note-misha-9) The magazine publishes a list of Women of the Year. [4] (#cite_note-mppub-4) The major topics for the monthly are fashion (/wiki/Fashion) and beauty (/wiki/Beauty) , but it also covers all women-related news. [5] (#cite_note-cof-5) In March 2015 the magazine organized an exhibition, 100 Homens Sem Prenceitos: Um Passo Pela Igualidade (Portuguese: 100 Men without Prejudices: A Step for Equality), to mark International Women's Day (/wiki/International_Women%27s_Day) . [9] (#cite_note-misha-9) In the event leading Portuguese men from different fields, including Simão Morgado (/wiki/Sim%C3%A3o_Morgado) , Ruben Alves (/wiki/Ruben_Alves) and Tomás Barroso (/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_Barroso) , were photographed wearing women's shoes to increase awareness about women's rights (/wiki/Women%27s_rights) and to financially support for breast cancer (/wiki/Breast_cancer) research. [9] (#cite_note-misha-9) The photos were exhibited at Lisbon's Centro Cultural de Belém (/wiki/Centro_Cultural_de_Bel%C3%A9m) . [9] (#cite_note-misha-9) Máxima ceased publication in June 2020 due to low circulation figures. [10] (#cite_note-anama-10) Circulation [ edit ] In 1995 Máxima was the fifth best-selling women's magazine in Portugal with a circulation of 49,000 copies. [2] (#cite_note-ada-2) The magazine sold 59,000 copies in 2007. [11] (#cite_note-11) The monthly had a circulation of 57,397 copies in 2010 and 52,618 copies in 2011. [12] (#cite_note-ifa-12) Máxima sold 45,787 copies in 2012. [12] (#cite_note-ifa-12) Its 2019 circulation was 20,866 copies. [10] (#cite_note-anama-10) See also [ edit ] List of magazines in Portugal (/wiki/List_of_magazines_in_Portugal) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "Madame Figaro International: 3 centuries of brand history" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150417183528/http://www.figaromedias.fr/emailing/NEWSMARS2010/MFInternationale2010.pdf) (PDF) . Figaro Medias . February 2010. Archived from the original (http://www.figaromedias.fr/emailing/NEWSMARS2010/MFInternationale2010.pdf) (PDF) on 17 April 2015 . Retrieved 11 April 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Kristin Hohenadel (17 April 1995). " (http://adage.com/article/news/figaro-fashions-global-niche/82229/) 'Figaro' Fashions Own Global Niche" (http://adage.com/article/news/figaro-fashions-global-niche/82229/) . Ad Age . Paris . Retrieved 11 April 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Magazines" (http://www.cofina.pt/business-overview/magazines.aspx?sc_lang=en) . Cofina . Retrieved 21 April 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Maxima (Portugal)" (http://www.publicitas.com/italy/media-solutions/factsheet/?PARAM1=ELZML1#.VVGLp9rtmko) . Publicitas . Retrieved 12 May 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Magazines" (http://www.cofina.pt/business-overview/magazines.aspx?sc_lang=en) . Cofina . Retrieved 11 April 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Battle for Media Assets Heats Up As BPI-Cofina Raises Bid for Investec" (https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB9362702196164849) . The Wall Street Journal (/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal) . Lisbon. 2 September 1999 . Retrieved 11 April 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Maxima" (http://www.magazineexpress.com/556332641maxima.html) . Magazine Express . Retrieved 11 April 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Maxima Portugal" (http://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/magazines/maxima-portugal/) . Fashion Model Directory . Retrieved 11 April 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d Misha Pinkhasov (9 March 2015). "In Her Shoes: Portuguese Men Heel for Women's Rights" (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/misha-pinkhasov/a-mile-in-her-shoes_b_6828796.html) . Huffington Post . Retrieved 11 April 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Ana Kotowicz; Maria Ramos Silva (15 May 2020). "Revista Máxima chega ao fim. Cofina já não publica edição de julho" (https://observador.pt/2020/05/15/revista-maxima-chega-ao-fim-cofina-ja-nao-publica-edicao-de-julho/) . Observador (/wiki/Observador) (in Portuguese) . Retrieved 6 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Anne Austin; et al. (2008). "Western Europe Market and Media Fact" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150205131709/http://conan.lib.muohio.edu/ebooks/Western_Europe_Market_MediaFact_2008/Western%20Europe%20Market%20%26%20MediaFact%202008.pdf) (PDF) . ZenithOptimedia . Archived from the original (http://conan.lib.muohio.edu/ebooks/Western_Europe_Market_MediaFact_2008/Western%20Europe%20Market%20&%20MediaFact%202008.pdf) (PDF) on 5 February 2015 . Retrieved 11 April 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Top 50 Magazines" (http://ifabc.org/site/assets/media/Top-50-magazines-30042014.xlsx) . IFABC . 30 April 2014 . Retrieved 11 April 2015 . 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Máxima_(magazine)&oldid=1223068844 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Máxima_(magazine)&oldid=1223068844) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1988 establishments in Portugal (/wiki/Category:1988_establishments_in_Portugal) 2020 disestablishments in Portugal (/wiki/Category:2020_disestablishments_in_Portugal) Defunct magazines published in Portugal (/wiki/Category:Defunct_magazines_published_in_Portugal) Defunct women's magazines (/wiki/Category:Defunct_women%27s_magazines) Magazines established in 1988 (/wiki/Category:Magazines_established_in_1988) Magazines disestablished in 2020 (/wiki/Category:Magazines_disestablished_in_2020) Magazines published in Lisbon (/wiki/Category:Magazines_published_in_Lisbon) Monthly magazines published in Portugal (/wiki/Category:Monthly_magazines_published_in_Portugal) Defunct Portuguese-language magazines (/wiki/Category:Defunct_Portuguese-language_magazines) Women's magazines published in Portugal (/wiki/Category:Women%27s_magazines_published_in_Portugal) Women's fashion magazines (/wiki/Category:Women%27s_fashion_magazines) Hidden categories: CS1 Portuguese-language sources (pt) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Portuguese-language_sources_(pt)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from September 2022 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_September_2022) Articles with VIAF identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_VIAF_identifiers)
Miss America's Outstanding Teen 2019 Miss America's Outstanding Teen 2019 Participants and Results Date July 28, 2018 ( 2018-07-28 ) Presenters Mike Rome (Preliminary) Cara Mund (Finals) Venue Linda Chapin Theater, Orlando, Florida (/wiki/Orlando,_Florida) , United States Entrants 51 Placements 12 Winner London Hibbs Texas (/wiki/Texas) ← 2018 (/wiki/Miss_America%27s_Outstanding_Teen_2018) 2020 (/wiki/Miss_America%27s_Outstanding_Teen_2020) → Miss America's Outstanding Teen 2019 was the 13th Miss America's Outstanding Teen (/wiki/Miss_America%27s_Outstanding_Teen) pageant, held at the Linda Chapin Theater in the Orange County Convention Center (/wiki/Orange_County_Convention_Center) in Orlando (/wiki/Orlando,_Florida) , Florida, on July 28, 2018. [1] (#cite_note-1) Jessica Baeder of Alabama (/wiki/Alabama) crowned her successor London Hibbs of Texas (/wiki/Texas) at the end of the event. Judges [ edit ] The panel of judges for the 2019 competition included: [2] (#cite_note-2) Lacey Russ Randall, Miss America's Outstanding Teen 2011 (/wiki/Miss_America%27s_Outstanding_Teen_2011) Ivan Pulinkala, Dean of the College of the Arts at Kennesaw State University (/wiki/Kennesaw_State_University) Patrick Bowen, Director of World Jazz Studies at the Las Vegas Academy of the Arts Emily Luther, singer and Miss Rhode Island's Outstanding Teen (/wiki/Miss_Rhode_Island%27s_Outstanding_Teen) 2009 Shaunna Payne Gold, Associate Director of Student Development at the University of Maryland (/wiki/University_of_Maryland) Brian Dameris, Chief of Staff at the Charity Network Results [ edit ] Placements [ edit ] Placement Contestant Miss America's Outstanding Teen 2019 Texas (/wiki/Texas) – London Hibbs [3] (#cite_note-HibbsWin-3) 1st runner-up Pennsylvania (/wiki/Pennsylvania) – Cecilia Petrush 2nd runner-up Virginia (/wiki/Virginia) – Emily Kinsey 3rd runner-up Alabama (/wiki/Alabama) – Collins McMurray [4] (#cite_note-3RU_McMurr-4) 4th runner-up Georgia (/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)) – Rory Pan Top 7 New Hampshire (/wiki/New_Hampshire) – Morgane Vigroux New Jersey (/wiki/New_Jersey) – Alaina Murphy Top 9 California (/wiki/California) – Cameron Doan South Carolina (/wiki/South_Carolina) – Berkley Bryant Top 12 Colorado (/wiki/Colorado) – Sara Al-Bazali [5] (#cite_note-CO_2018-5) Florida (/wiki/Florida) – Jessica Sales Rhode Island (/wiki/Rhode_Island) – Macie Johnson § § – America's Choice Order of announcements [ edit ] Top 12 [ edit ] New Jersey Georgia New Hampshire South Carolina Colorado California Texas Virginia Pennsylvania Florida Alabama Rhode Island Top 9 [ edit ] New Hampshire Virginia Alabama New Jersey Georgia Texas South Carolina Pennsylvania California Top 7 [ edit ] Pennsylvania Georgia Virginia Texas New Jersey Alabama New Hampshire Awards [ edit ] Preliminary awards [ edit ] Award Contestants Preliminary Evening Wear/On-Stage Question (OSQ) California (/wiki/Miss_California%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Cameron Doan Georgia (/wiki/Miss_Georgia%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Rory Pan (tie) Rhode Island (/wiki/Miss_Rhode_Island%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Macie Johnson (tie) Texas (/wiki/Miss_Texas%27_Outstanding_Teen) – London Hibbs Preliminary Talent New Hampshire (/wiki/Miss_New_Hampshire%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Morgane Vigroux Pennsylvania (/wiki/Miss_Pennsylvania%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Cecilia Petrush Texas (/wiki/Miss_Texas%27_Outstanding_Teen) – London Hibbs Talent awards [ edit ] Awards Contestant(s) Overall Dance Florida (/wiki/Miss_Florida%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Jessica Sales Georgia (/wiki/Miss_Georgia%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Rory Pan Iowa (/wiki/Miss_Iowa%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Cali Wilson New York (/wiki/Miss_New_York%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Cayla Kumar Overall Instrumental Alaska (/wiki/Miss_Alaska%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Jazzie Trotter Missouri (/wiki/Miss_Missouri%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Ashley Whipple Overall Vocal New Hampshire (/wiki/Miss_New_Hampshire%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Morgane Vigroux Pennsylvania (/wiki/Miss_Pennsylvania%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Cecilia Petrush Other awards [ edit ] Awards Contestant(s) America's Choice Rhode Island (/wiki/Miss_Rhode_Island%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Macie Johnson [ citation needed ] Children's Miracle Network (CMN) Miracle Maker Award South Carolina (/wiki/Miss_South_Carolina_Teen) – Berkley Bryant Miss Congeniality/Spirit of America Hawaii (/wiki/Miss_Hawaii%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Sophia Stark Non-finalist Evening Wear and On-Stage Question (OSQ) Illinois (/wiki/Miss_Illinois%27_Outstanding_Teen) – Peyton Newman New York (/wiki/Miss_New_York%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Cayla Kumar Non-finalist Interview Nevada (/wiki/Miss_Nevada%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Tia Henderson Non-finalist Talent Iowa (/wiki/Miss_Iowa%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Cali Wilson New York (/wiki/Miss_New_York%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Cayla Kumar Outstanding Achievement in Academic Life Arkansas (/wiki/Miss_Arkansas%27_Outstanding_Teen) – Camille Cathey Random Acts of Kindness North Dakota (/wiki/Miss_North_Dakota%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Micah Schlittenhardt Scholastic Excellence Alabama (/wiki/Miss_Alabama%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Collins McMurray Teens in Action Award Winner Missouri (/wiki/Miss_Missouri%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Ashley Whipple Teens in Action Award Finalists Arizona (/wiki/Miss_Arizona%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Ashlyn Thompson Mississippi (/wiki/Miss_Mississippi%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Presley Caldwell New York (/wiki/Miss_New_York%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Cayla Kumar Tennessee (/wiki/Miss_Tennessee%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Mary Humphrey Top Advertisement Sales Media Scholarship Pennsylvania (/wiki/Miss_Pennsylvania%27s_Outstanding_Teen) – Cecilia Petrush Contestants [ edit ] The Miss America's Outstanding Teen 2019 contestants are: Declared as Winner Ended as a runner-up Ended as a finalist or semi-finalist State Name Hometown Age Local Title Talent Placement at MAO Teen Special scholarships at MAO Teen Notes Alabama (/wiki/Miss_Alabama%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Collins McMurray [6] (#cite_note-6) Vestavia Hills (/wiki/Vestavia_Hills,_Alabama) 16 Miss Friendliest City's Outstanding Teen Vocal, " Over the Rainbow (/wiki/Over_the_Rainbow) " 3rd runner-up [4] (#cite_note-3RU_McMurr-4) Scholastic Excellence Award Alaska (/wiki/Miss_Alaska%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Jazzie Trotter [7] (#cite_note-7) Eagle River (/wiki/Eagle_River,_Anchorage) 14 Miss Chugiak/Eagle River's Outstanding Teen Piano, " Maple Leaf Rag (/wiki/Maple_Leaf_Rag) " by Scott Joplin (/wiki/Scott_Joplin) Overall Instrumental Talent Award Arizona (/wiki/Miss_Arizona%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Ashlyn Thompson [8] (#cite_note-Thompson-8) Mesa (/wiki/Mesa,_Arizona) 17 Miss North Phoenix's Outstanding Teen Clogging, " I Wanna Dance with Somebody (/wiki/I_Wanna_Dance_with_Somebody_(Who_Loves_Me)) " Teens in Action Award Finalist Arkansas (/wiki/Miss_Arkansas%27_Outstanding_Teen) Camille Cathey [9] (#cite_note-9) Wynne (/wiki/Wynne,_Arkansas) 16 Miss Northeast Arkansas' Outstanding Teen Vocal, " Dream On (/wiki/Dream_On_(Aerosmith_song)) " Outstanding Achievement in Academic Life California (/wiki/Miss_California%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Cameron Doan [10] (#cite_note-Doan-10) Santa Ana (/wiki/Santa_Ana,_California) 16 Miss Anaheim's Outstanding Teen Baton Twirling, "Come Alive" Top 9 Preliminary Evening Wear/OSQ Award Later Miss California Teen USA (/wiki/Miss_California_Teen_USA) 2021 Colorado (/wiki/Miss_Colorado%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Sara Al-Bazali [5] (#cite_note-CO_2018-5) Denver (/wiki/Denver) 16 Vocal, "How to Return Home" Top 12 [5] (#cite_note-CO_2018-5) Connecticut (/wiki/Miss_Connecticut%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Morgan Mancini [11] (#cite_note-11) Wolcott (/wiki/Wolcott,_Connecticut) 16 Miss Farmingbury's Outstanding Teen Tap Dance, " Happy (/wiki/Happy_(Pharrell_Williams_song)) " Delaware (/wiki/Miss_Delaware%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Sky Knox [12] (#cite_note-Knox-12) Newark (/wiki/Newark,_Delaware) 16 Miss Newark's Outstanding Teen Lyrical Gymnastic Routine, " Titanium (/wiki/Titanium_(song)) " District of Columbia (/wiki/Miss_District_of_Columbia%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Natalie Beckford Washington, D.C. (/wiki/Washington,_D.C.) 15 Ballet en Pointe Florida (/wiki/Miss_Florida%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Jessica Sales [13] (#cite_note-Sales-13) Orlando (/wiki/Orlando,_Florida) 17 Miss Orlando's Outstanding Teen Contemporary Clogging, "Boogie Shoes" Top 12 Overall Dance Talent Award Georgia (/wiki/Miss_Georgia%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Rory Pan [14] (#cite_note-Pan-14) Johns Creek (/wiki/Johns_Creek,_Georgia) 16 Miss Heart of Atlanta's Outstanding Teen Ballet en Pointe, "Fire on Ice" 4th runner-up [ citation needed ] Overall Dance Talent Award Preliminary Evening Wear/OSQ Award (tie) Hawaii (/wiki/Miss_Hawaii%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Sophia Stark [15] (#cite_note-Stark-15) Honolulu (/wiki/Honolulu) 13 Operatic Vocal, "Juliet's Waltz" Spirit of America Award Appeared on MasterChef Junior (/wiki/MasterChef_Junior_(U.S._season_6)) [16] (#cite_note-StarkChef-16) Idaho (/wiki/Miss_Idaho%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Chloe Shelton [17] (#cite_note-17) Boise (/wiki/Boise,_Idaho) 17 Miss Star Garnet's Outstanding Teen Jazz Dance Illinois (/wiki/Miss_Illinois%27_Outstanding_Teen) Peyton Newman [18] (#cite_note-Newman-18) Vernon Hills (/wiki/Vernon_Hills,_Illinois) 16 Miss Chicago's Outstanding Teen Vocal, "Vienna" Non-finalist Evening Wear/OSQ Award Previously National American Miss Junior Pre Teen 2012 [19] (#cite_note-NAMNewman-19) Indiana (/wiki/Miss_Indiana%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Jenna Zabona [20] (#cite_note-20) Kendallville (/wiki/Kendallville,_Indiana) 15 Miss Metropolitan's Outstanding Teen Jazz Dance, " The Way You Make Me Feel (/wiki/The_Way_You_Make_Me_Feel) " Iowa (/wiki/Miss_Iowa%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Cali Wilson [21] (#cite_note-21) Norwalk (/wiki/Norwalk,_Iowa) 17 Miss Central Iowa's Outstanding Teen Dance, "Turn Your Face" by Little Mix Non-finalist Talent Award Overall Dance Talent Award Kansas (/wiki/Miss_Kansas%27_Outstanding_Teen) Amelia Benjamin [22] (#cite_note-22) Leawood (/wiki/Leawood,_Kansas) 16 Vocal, " God Bless America (/wiki/God_Bless_America) " Kentucky (/wiki/Miss_Kentucky%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Joanna Clark [23] (#cite_note-23) Lexington (/wiki/Lexington,_Kentucky) 17 Miss Wayne County Area's Outstanding Teen Piano, "Ode to Joy" by Beethoven (/wiki/Beethoven) Louisiana (/wiki/Miss_Louisiana%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Gracie Reichman [24] (#cite_note-Reichman-24) Colfax (/wiki/Colfax,_Louisiana) 16 Miss Louisiana Watermelon Festival's Outstanding Teen Contemporary Clogging, " Let's Get Loud (/wiki/Let%27s_Get_Loud) " Maine (/wiki/Miss_Maine%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Macy Grant Brunswick (/wiki/Brunswick,_Maine) 16 Contemporary Dance Maryland (/wiki/Miss_Maryland%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Katie Allen [25] (#cite_note-Allen-25) Easton (/wiki/Easton,_Maryland) 16 Miss Baltimore's Outstanding Teen Ballet en Pointe, "Spanish Rose" Massachusetts (/wiki/Miss_Massachusetts%27_Outstanding_Teen) Jordan St. Onge [26] (#cite_note-26) Acushnet (/wiki/Acushnet,_Massachusetts) 17 Miss Boston's Outstanding Teen Irish Step Dance, "Roundtable Rival" by Lindsey Stirling (/wiki/Lindsey_Stirling) Michigan (/wiki/Miss_Michigan%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Maria Evola [27] (#cite_note-Evola-27) Macomb (/wiki/Macomb,_Michigan) 15 Miss Saginaw County's Outstanding Teen Dance, "Maria" from West Side Story (/wiki/West_Side_Story) Minnesota (/wiki/Miss_Minnesota%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Eden Webb [28] (#cite_note-28) Minnetonka (/wiki/Minnetonka,_Minnesota) 16 Miss St. Croix Valley's Outstanding Teen Lyrical Dance, "Lost" Mississippi (/wiki/Miss_Mississippi%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Presley Caldwell [29] (#cite_note-29) Grenada (/wiki/Grenada,_Mississippi) 17 Miss Northland's Outstanding Teen Vocal, " Desperado (/wiki/Desperado_(Eagles_song)) " by The Eagles (/wiki/Eagles_(band)) Teens in Action Award Finalist Missouri (/wiki/Miss_Missouri%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Ashley Whipple [30] (#cite_note-Whipple-30) Chesterfield (/wiki/Chesterfield,_Missouri) 17 Miss Heartland's Outstanding Teen Piano, " Solfeggietto (/wiki/Solfeggietto) " by Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach (/wiki/Carl_Philipp_Emanuel_Bach) Overall Instrumental Talent Award Teens in Action Winner Montana (/wiki/Miss_Montana%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Cammy Heck [31] (#cite_note-Heck-31) Sidney (/wiki/Sidney,_Montana) 17 Tap Dance Nebraska (/wiki/Miss_Nebraska%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Kelsie Therkildsen [32] (#cite_note-Therkildsen-32) Bennington (/wiki/Bennington,_Nebraska) 15 Miss Metro's Outstanding Teen Jazz Dance, "Swing With Me" Nevada (/wiki/Miss_Nevada%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Tia Henderson [33] (#cite_note-Henderson-33) Reno (/wiki/Reno,_Nevada) 17 Miss Virginia City's Outstanding Teen Jazz Dance, "No Excuses" Non-finalist Interview Award New Hampshire (/wiki/Miss_New_Hampshire%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Morgane Vigroux [34] (#cite_note-34) Derry (/wiki/Derry,_New_Hampshire) 16 Miss Capital Area's Outstanding Teen Vocal, "California Dreamin'" Top 7 Overall Vocal Talent Award Preliminary Talent Award New Jersey (/wiki/Miss_New_Jersey%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Alaina Murphy [35] (#cite_note-35) Carneys Point (/wiki/Carneys_Point_Township,_New_Jersey) 15 Miss Atlantic Shores' Outstanding Teen Vocal, "Finding Neverland" Top 7 New Mexico (/wiki/Miss_New_Mexico%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Abrianna Morales [36] (#cite_note-Morales-36) Las Cruces (/wiki/Las_Cruces,_New_Mexico) 16 Miss Las Cruces' Outstanding Teen Vocal, "All That Matters" New York (/wiki/Miss_New_York%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Cayla Kumar [37] (#cite_note-37) Queens Village (/wiki/Queens_Village,_Queens) 15 Miss Bronx's Outstanding Teen Bollywood Fusion Dance, “Mera Mahi Bada Sohna” from Dhaai Akshar Prem Ke (/wiki/Dhai_Akshar_Prem_Ke) Non-finalist Evening Wear/OSQ Award Non-finalist Talent Award Overall Dance Talent Award Teens in Action Award Finalist North Carolina (/wiki/Miss_North_Carolina%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Caroline Credle [38] (#cite_note-Credle-38) Clayton (/wiki/Clayton,_North_Carolina) 17 Miss Clayton's Outstanding Teen Ballet en Pointe, La Esmeralda North Dakota (/wiki/Miss_North_Dakota%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Micah Schlittenhardt [39] (#cite_note-39) Bismarck (/wiki/Bismarck,_North_Dakota) 16 Miss Northern Lights' Outstanding Teen Ballet en Pointe, Don Quixote (/wiki/Don_Quixote_(ballet)) Random Acts of Kindness Award Ohio (/wiki/Miss_Ohio%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Julianna Heichel [40] (#cite_note-JHeichel-40) Lexington (/wiki/Lexington,_Ohio) 15 Miss Northern Ohio's Outstanding Teen Vocal, " Feeling Good (/wiki/Feeling_Good) " Younger sister of Miss Ohio's Outstanding Teen (/wiki/Miss_Ohio%27s_Outstanding_Teen) 2016, Madison Heichel [41] (#cite_note-HeichelSisters-41) Oklahoma (/wiki/Miss_Oklahoma%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Sydney Massey [42] (#cite_note-42) Tulsa (/wiki/Tulsa,_Oklahoma) 15 Miss Oklahoma City's Outstanding Teen Musical Theatre Dance, ”So Much Better” from Legally Blonde (/wiki/Legally_Blonde_(musical)) Oregon (/wiki/Miss_Oregon%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Kennedy Hjelte [43] (#cite_note-Hjelte-43) Tualatin (/wiki/Tualatin,_Oregon) 16 Miss Three Rivers' Outstanding Teen Vocal, "On My Own" from Les Misérables (/wiki/Les_Mis%C3%A9rables_(musical)) Pennsylvania (/wiki/Miss_Pennsylvania%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Cecilia Petrush [44] (#cite_note-Petrush-44) Murrysville (/wiki/Murrysville,_Pennsylvania) 17 Miss Laurel Highlands' Outstanding Teen Vocal, " Don't Rain on My Parade (/wiki/Don%27t_Rain_on_My_Parade) " from Funny Girl (/wiki/Funny_Girl_(musical)) 1st runner-up [ citation needed ] Overall Vocal Talent Award Preliminary Talent Award Top Advertisement Sales Media Scholarship Rhode Island (/wiki/Miss_Rhode_Island%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Macie Johnson [45] (#cite_note-45) Wickford (/wiki/Wickford,_Rhode_Island) 16 Jazz Dance, "Wonder" Top 12 America's Choice [ citation needed ] Preliminary Evening Wear/OSQ Award (tie) South Carolina (/wiki/Miss_South_Carolina_Teen) Berkley Bryant [46] (#cite_note-Bryant-46) Anderson (/wiki/Anderson,_South_Carolina) 17 Miss River City Teen Tap Dance, "Runaway Baby" by Bruno Mars (/wiki/Bruno_Mars) Top 9 CMN Miracle Maker Award Later Miss South Carolina Volunteer 2025 South Dakota (/wiki/Miss_South_Dakota%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Jessica Benson [47] (#cite_note-47) Rapid City (/wiki/Rapid_City,_South_Dakota) 17 Miss Hot Springs' Outstanding Teen Vocal, "100 Easy Ways to Lose a Man" from Wonderful Town (/wiki/Wonderful_Town) Tennessee (/wiki/Miss_Tennessee%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Mary Humphrey [48] (#cite_note-48) Jackson (/wiki/Jackson,_Tennessee) 16 Miss Jackson's Outstanding Teen Dance en Pointe, "Ease on Down the Road" from The Wiz (/wiki/The_Wiz) Teens in Action Award Finalist Texas (/wiki/Miss_Texas%27_Outstanding_Teen) London Hibbs [49] (#cite_note-Hibbs-49) Tyler (/wiki/Tyler,_Texas) 17 Miss Dallas' Outstanding Teen Vocal, "Think of Me" from The Phantom of the Opera (/wiki/The_Phantom_of_the_Opera_(1986_musical)) Winner [3] (#cite_note-HibbsWin-3) Preliminary Evening Wear/OSQ Award Preliminary Talent Award Utah (/wiki/Miss_Utah%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Axuray Talbot [50] (#cite_note-50) Spanish Fork (/wiki/Spanish_Fork,_Utah) 16 Miss Spanish Fork's Outstanding Teen Dance, "This Is Me" Vermont (/wiki/Miss_Vermont%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Shannon Adams [51] (#cite_note-51) Warren (/wiki/Warren,_Vermont) 16 Celtic Harp, "The Mad River Set" Virginia (/wiki/Miss_Virginia%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Emily Kinsey [52] (#cite_note-Kinsey-52) Richmond (/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia) 16 Miss Apple Blossom Festival's Outstanding Teen Pointe Dance, " Friend Like Me (/wiki/Friend_Like_Me) " 2nd runner-up [ citation needed ] Washington (/wiki/Miss_Washington%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Novalee Lewis [53] (#cite_note-53) Tacoma (/wiki/Tacoma,_Washington) 14 Miss Emerald City's Outstanding Teen Tap Dance Previously Miss Junior High School America 2016 Later Miss Rhode Island High School 2020 Later Miss Washington Teen USA (/wiki/Miss_Washington_Teen_USA) 2020 West Virginia (/wiki/Miss_West_Virginia%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Katelin Bocchetti [54] (#cite_note-Bocchetti-54) Shepherdstown (/wiki/Shepherdstown,_West_Virginia) 17 Miss Jefferson County's Outstanding Teen Flute, "Dueling Banjos" Wisconsin (/wiki/Miss_Wisconsin%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Mandi Jo Genord [55] (#cite_note-Genord-55) Montello (/wiki/Montello,_Wisconsin) 16 Miss Northern Lights' Outstanding Teen Lyrical Dance, Glee version of "I Dreamed a Dream" from Les Misérables (/wiki/Les_Mis%C3%A9rables_(musical)) Later named Miss Wisconsin 2024 Wyoming (/wiki/Miss_Wyoming%27s_Outstanding_Teen) Taylor Greig [56] (#cite_note-56) Sheridan (/wiki/Sheridan,_Wyoming) 17 Contemporary Dance References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Competition Information - Miss America's Outstanding Teen" (http://maoteen.org/competition/) . Miss America's Outstanding Teen . Retrieved 2018-06-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "2018 Judges Panel Announced for Miss America's Outstanding Teen" (http://www.pageantcast.com/2018/07/2018-judges-panel-announced-for-miss-americas-outstanding-teen/) . Pageant Cast . July 11, 2018. ^ Jump up to: a b "Tyler's London Hibbs is 2019's Miss America's Outstanding Teen" (https://tylerpaper.com/video/tylerpaper/tyler-s-london-hibbs-is-s-miss-america-s-outstanding/html_0fc87347-ee01-58e4-89e8-f114b8193db9.html) . Tyler Morning Telegraph . July 31, 2018. ^ Jump up to: a b Gore, Leada (July 28, 2018). "Miss American Outstanding Teen: Alabama's Collins McMurray 3rd runner up; Texas wins" (https://www.al.com/living/index.ssf/2018/07/miss_american_outstanding_teen.html) . AL.com . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Miss Colorado's Outstanding Teen" (https://www.facebook.com/112951378759396/photos/a.1413495448704976/1737427869645064/?type=1&theater) . July 29, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-6) Staff (2018-03-14). "VHHS student wins Miss Alabama Outstanding Teen" (http://vestaviavoice.com/peopleplaces/vhhs-student-wins-miss-alabama-outstanding-teen0314/) . VestaviaVoice.com . Retrieved 2018-06-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "2018 Miss Alaska and Miss Alaska's Outstanding Teen" (http://www.youralaskalink.com/news/miss-alaska-and-miss-alaska-s-outstanding-teen/article_43c3bf06-737b-11e8-a1a1-5b2208f77867.html) . Your Alaska Link . Retrieved 2018-06-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-Thompson_8-0) "Meet The New 2018 Miss Arizona and Miss Arizona's Outstanding Teen" (http://newsvideo.su/video/8986296) . Fox 10 Phoenix . June 29, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Clement, Katie. "Camille Cathey crowned new Miss Arkansas Outstanding Teen" (http://katv.com/community/miss-arkansas-2018/camille-cathey-crowned-new-miss-arkansas-outstanding-teen) . KATV . Retrieved 2018-06-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-Doan_10-0) Esparza Loera, Juan (June 30, 2018). "Miss California 2018 MacKenzie Freed heading to a revamped Miss America" (https://www.vidaenelvalle.com/news/state/article214145839.html) . Vida en el Valle . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Wolcott teen named Miss Connecticut's Outstanding Teen" (https://www.rep-am.com/news/news-local/2018/06/10/wolcott-teen-named-miss-connecticuts-outstanding-teen/) . Republican-American . 2018-06-11 . Retrieved 2018-06-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-Knox_12-0) "Knox crowned Miss Delaware's Outstanding Teen" (http://www.hockessincommunitynews.com/news/20180616/knox-crowned-miss-delawares-outstanding-teen) . Hockessin Community News. June 16, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-Sales_13-0) "Photos: 2018 Miss Florida's Outstanding Teen pageant" (http://www.theledger.com/photogallery/LK/20180630/NEWS/630009981/PH/1) . The Ledger . June 30, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-Pan_14-0) Coyne, Amanda C. (June 15, 2018). "North Fulton girl crowned Miss Georgia's Outstanding Teen" (https://www.ajc.com/news/local/north-fulton-girl-crowned-miss-georgia-outstanding-teen/dGB8mEwCvLwgDmXphkY9AO/) . The Atlanta Journal-Constitution . ^ (#cite_ref-Stark_15-0) "Miss Hawaii and Miss Hawaii's Outstanding Teen Names New CMN Ambassadors for 2018" (https://missamericaorganization.childrensmiraclenetworkhospitals.org/miss-hawaii-and-miss-hawaiis-outstanding-teen-names-new-cmn-ambassadors-for-2018/) . Miss America Organization / CMN. June 5, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-StarkChef_16-0) "MasterChef Junior: Sophia Stark" (http://www.khon2.com/living808/masterchef-junior-sophia-stark/1012680806) . KHON News. March 6, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Meet Miss Idaho's Outstanding Teen" (http://www.missidaho.org/meet-miss-idahos-outstanding-teen/) . Miss Idaho Organization . Retrieved 2018-06-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-Newman_18-0) Taylor, Laura (June 12, 2018). "Newman wins Miss Illinois Outstanding Teen pageant, Victoria Shore is First Runner-Up" (http://www.carbondaletimes.com/news/20180611/newman-wins-miss-illinois-outstanding-teen-pageant-victoria-shore-is-first-runner-up) . Carbondale Times. ^ (#cite_ref-NAMNewman_19-0) Reilly, Tiffany (February 14, 2012). "Meet the 2011-2012 National American Miss Jr Preteen Peyton Newman!" (http://nam365.blogspot.com/2012/02/meet-2011-2012-national-american-miss.html) . NAM-365. ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Miss Indiana, Miss Indiana Teen crowned" (http://www.wishtv.com/news/indiana-news/miss-indiana-miss-indiana-teen-crowned/1244131031) . WISH . 2018-06-17 . Retrieved 2018-06-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Miss Iowa competition returns to Adler" (https://qconline.com/miss-iowa-competition-returns-to-adler/article_4e11240a-8895-11e9-b5e6-838ed8f7e92a.html) . Dispatch-Argus . June 6, 2019. ...and Miss Iowa's Outstanding Teen 2018 Cali Wilson will perform. ^ (#cite_ref-22) Rose, Gale. "Amelia Benjamin is the new 2018 Miss Kansas Outstanding Teen" (http://www.pratttribune.com/news/20180609/amelia-benjamin-is-new-2018-miss-kansas-outstanding-teen) . PrattTribune . Retrieved 2018-06-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Live With Lee & Hayley: Miss Kentucky's Outstanding Teen, Joanna Clark" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k0cRkLLLY-I) . YouTube . July 13, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-Reichman_24-0) "Menard student will compete in Miss America teen pageant" (https://www.thetowntalk.com/story/news/education/2018/05/08/menard-student-compete-miss-america-teen-pageant/590621002/) . Town Talk . May 8, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-Allen_25-0) Fitch, Jennifer (June 24, 2018). "High hopes, high heels, high notes blend in Miss Maryland competition" (https://www.heraldmailmedia.com/news/local/high-hopes-high-heels-high-notes-blend-in-miss-maryland/article_1d4052a4-7763-11e8-a6d8-771477a78442.html) . Herald-Mail Media . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Acushnet teen crowned 2018 Miss Massachusetts' Outstanding Teen" (http://www.southcoasttoday.com/news/20180412/acushnet-teen-crowned-2018-miss-massachusetts-outstanding-teen) . southcoasttoday.com . Retrieved 2018-06-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-Evola_27-0) Solis, Ben (June 13, 2018). "Miss Michigan's Outstanding Teen 2018 crowned" (http://www.mlive.com/news/muskegon/index.ssf/2018/06/top_finalists_recognized_at_20.html) . MLive.com . ^ (#cite_ref-28) Hansel, Brian (August 26, 2018). "Nelson, Brown crowned Miss Perham, Miss Heart of the Lakes" (https://www.perhamfocus.com/community/people/4489460-nelson-brown-crowned-miss-perham-miss-heart-lakes) . Perham Focus . In attendance were Miss Minnesota 2018 Michaelene Karlen and Miss Minnesota Outstanding Teen 2018 Eden Webb. ^ (#cite_ref-29) "Presley Caldwell earns 2018 Miss Mississippi's Outstanding Teen crown - The Vicksburg Post" (https://www.vicksburgpost.com/2018/04/29/presley-caldwell-earns-2018-miss-mississippis-outstanding-teen-crown/) . The Vicksburg Post . 2018-04-29 . Retrieved 2018-06-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-Whipple_30-0) "Miss Missouri Teen crowned Friday night" (http://www.ky3.com/content/news/Miss-Missouri-Teen-crowned-Friday-night-485740581.html) . KY3 News . June 16, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-Heck_31-0) "Sidney teenager crowned Miss Montana Outstanding Teen 2018" (http://www.krtv.com/story/38440427/sidney-teenager-crowned-miss-montana-outstanding-teen-2018) . KRTV News . June 16, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-Therkildsen_32-0) "Bennington student named Miss Nebraska Outstanding Teen 2018" (http://www.dcpostgazette.com/people/bennington-student-named-miss-nebraska-outstanding-teen/article_785cca28-5c2e-11e8-8c87-6f15f86e9e61.html) . The Douglas County Post-Gazette. May 20, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-Henderson_33-0) Sims, Mia (July 3, 2018). "UNLV graduate, bound for medical school, crowned Miss Nevada" (https://www.reviewjournal.com/local/local-nevada/unlv-graduate-bound-for-medical-school-crowned-miss-nevada/) . Las Vegas Review-Journal . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "Miss New Hampshires Outstanding Teen" (http://missnh.org/outstanding-teen.html) . Miss New Hampshire Scholarship Program, Inc . Retrieved 2018-06-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) "2018 Miss New Jersey's Outstanding Teen Award Winners" (http://www.missnewjersey.net/2018-miss-new-jerseys-outstanding-teen-award-winners/) . www.missnewjersey.net . Retrieved 2018-06-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-Morales_36-0) Bieri, Kate (July 12, 2018). "Las Cruces teen shares sexual assault experience, launches support network online" (https://www.kvia.com/news/new-mexico/las-cruces-teen-shares-sexual-assault-experience-launches-support-network-online/767185328) . KVIA News . ^ (#cite_ref-37) "Queens Village pageant queen wins Miss NY Outstanding Teen crown" (https://www.timesledger.com/stories/2018/15/beautypageant_2018_04_13_q.html) . TimesLedger . Retrieved 2018-06-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-Credle_38-0) Rose, Lauren (June 25, 2018). "New Miss North Carolina has Randolph County ties" (http://www.courier-tribune.com/news/20180625/new-miss-north-carolina-has-randolph-county-ties) . The Courier-Tribune . ^ (#cite_ref-39) "Legacy High School student named Miss Outstanding Teen" (https://bismarcktribune.com/news/local/century-high-school-student-named-miss-outstanding-teen/article_5f4f10e7-41ca-5290-a60f-31ed28a50a7f.html) . Bismarck Tribune . Retrieved 2018-06-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-JHeichel_40-0) Whitmire, Lou (June 14, 2018). "Lexington girl is new Miss Ohio's Outstanding Teen" (https://www.mansfieldnewsjournal.com/story/news/2018/06/14/new-miss-ohios-outstanding-teen-juliana-heichel-15-lexington/690393002/) . Mansfield News Journal . ^ (#cite_ref-HeichelSisters_41-0) Whitmire, Lou (June 15, 2016). "Lexington teen crowned Miss Ohio's Outstanding Teen" (http://www.mansfieldnewsjournal.com/story/news/2016/06/15/lexington-teen-crowned-miss-ohios-outstanding-teen/85862098/) . Mansfield News Journal . ^ (#cite_ref-42) "Sydney Massey" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GTlsQW-e3yU) . YouTube . July 7, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-Hjelte_43-0) Visser, Brenna (July 1, 2018). "Taylor Ballard of Portland is new Miss Oregon" (http://www.dailyastorian.com/Local_News/20180701/taylor-ballard-of-portland-takes-the-miss-oregon-crown) . The Daily Astorian . ^ (#cite_ref-Petrush_44-0) Varine, Patrick (July 23, 2018). "Franklin Regional senior competes for Miss America's Outstanding Teen title" (https://triblive.com/local/murrysville/13894684-74/franklin-regional-senior-competes-for-miss-americas-outstanding-teen-title) . Trib Live . ^ (#cite_ref-45) "Brown Grad Coppa Crowned Miss RI 2018" (http://www.golocalprov.com/beauty/brown-grad-coppa-crowned-miss-ri-2018) . GoLocalProv . May 7, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-Bryant_46-0) Wilkinson, Jeff (June 29, 2018). "She worked five years to become Miss South Carolina Teen 2018. On Friday, she did it" (https://www.thestate.com/latest-news/article214083889.html) . The State . ^ (#cite_ref-47) "Miss South Dakota and Outstanding Teen Crowned" (http://ksoo.com/miss-south-dakota-and-outstanding-teen-crowned/) . Information 1000 KSOO . Retrieved 2018-06-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-48) "Miss Jackson wins Miss Tennessee's Outstanding Teen - WBBJ TV" (http://www.wbbjtv.com/2018/03/10/miss-jackson-wins-miss-tennessees-outstanding-teen/) . WBBJ TV . 2018-03-10 . Retrieved 2018-06-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-Hibbs_49-0) Esquivel, Stephanie (July 3, 2018). "East Texas teen London Hibbs crowned 'Miss Texas Outstanding Teen' (https://tylerpaper.com/news/local/east-texas-teen-london-hibbs-crowned-miss-texas-outstanding-teen/article_f15d1c18-7ee1-11e8-9754-cff156f8227c.html) " (https://tylerpaper.com/news/local/east-texas-teen-london-hibbs-crowned-miss-texas-outstanding-teen/article_f15d1c18-7ee1-11e8-9754-cff156f8227c.html) . Tyler MorningTelegraph . ^ (#cite_ref-50) Gardiner, Jenn (2017-10-02). "Spanish Fork Sophomore crowned Miss Utah's Outstanding Teen" (http://www.good4utah.com/news/local-news/spanish-fork-sophomore-crowned-miss-utahs-outstanding-teen/822219939) . GOOD4UTAH . Retrieved 2018-06-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-51) "The new Miss Vermont's Outstanding Teen" (https://www.stowetoday.com/stowe_reporter/community/the-new-miss-vermont-s-outstanding-teen/article_c78f50de-6a66-11e8-8ff8-2f775def3284.html) . Stowe Today . Retrieved 2018-06-12 . ^ (#cite_ref-Kinsey_52-0) Chumney, Richard (June 23, 2018). "Hollins University senior crowned Miss Virginia" (https://www.roanoke.com/news/education/hollins-university-senior-crowned-miss-virginia/article_45dac6d7-84e7-57f1-b5a8-44becfc907af.html) . The Roanoke Times . ^ (#cite_ref-53) Schilling, Sara (July 10, 2018). "10 women vie for Miss Tri-Cities crown" (https://www.tri-cityherald.com/news/local/article214578530.html) . Tri-City Herald . ^ (#cite_ref-Bocchetti_54-0) Espaillat, Rachel (July 18, 2018). "Jefferson County Teen wins Miss West Virginia's Outstanding Teen" (https://www.localdvm.com/news/west-virginia/jefferson-county-teen-wins-miss-west-virginia-s-outstanding-teen/1309785787) . WDVM . ^ (#cite_ref-Genord_55-0) Shuda, Nathaniel (June 15, 2018). "Miss Northern Lights' Outstanding Teen crowned Miss Wisconsin's OT 2018" (https://www.thenorthwestern.com/story/life/2018/06/15/miss-wisconsins-outstanding-teen-2018-mandi-genord-crowned-pageant/706677002/) . Oshkosh Northwestern. ^ (#cite_ref-56) "Sheridan Girls Take Home the Miss Wyoming Tiaras" (https://www.sheridanmedia.com/news/sheridan-girls-take-home-miss-wyoming-tiaras100666) . www.sheridanmedia.com . 2018-06-27 . 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International clothing company based in Norwich, England Star in the Hood Unltd. (S.I.T.H) Company type Private Unlimited Company (/wiki/Unlimited_company) Industry Fashion Headquarters Norwich (/wiki/Norwich) , United Kingdom Area served East Asia Products Clothing Accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) Luxury goods (/wiki/Luxury_goods) Owner Takeover Group Macau Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) Takeover Group Divisions (/wiki/Division_(business)) MIGI Clothing (/wiki/MIGI_Clothing) Website www.starinthehood.net/ (http://www.starinthehood.net/) Star in the Hood Unltd. (or S.I.T.H ) is an international mid-range to luxury clothing company founded by music managers Archie Lamb and Jack Foster. [1] (#cite_note-source-1) The company is named after Tinchy Stryder's (/wiki/Tinchy_Stryder) pseudonym Star in the Hood from 2006. Star in the Hood specializes in men's, and women's lifestyle streetwear and accessories, stocked at JD Sports (/wiki/JD_Sports) in 155 stores in the United Kingdom, also in Europe, and Southeast Asia. [2] (#cite_note-Star_In_The_Hood_–_JD_Sports-2) [3] (#cite_note-Star_In_The_Hood_Clothing_Launches_Into_JD_Stores-3) [4] (#cite_note-FASHION:_Star_In_The_Hood_Clothing_To_Be_Stocked_In_JD_Sport-4) The items are produced in very limited quantities. [5] (#cite_note-Tinchy_Stryder_tips_off_Jay-Z_about_X_Factor’s_Cher_Lloyd-5) History [ edit ] In 2010, Star in the Hood entered a partnership with JD Sports. Following the brand partnering with JD Sports and Danquah's business deal with Roc Nation LLC (/wiki/Roc_Nation) in June 2010, Danquah and Sean "Jay-Z" Carter (/wiki/Jay-Z) were in talks on how best to expand the brand further. [6] (#cite_note-Interview_Time:_Tinchy_Stryder_Talks_Winning_A_MOBO_Award-6) In September 2011, Star in the Hood created the hip-hop fashion (/wiki/Hip_hop_fashion) brand MIGI Clothing (/wiki/MIGI_Clothing) . [1] (#cite_note-source-1) In December 2011, Star in the Hood began its steps to creating its flagship (/wiki/Core_product) stores in Asia. In May 2012, Star in the Hood began its steps to expand its range and start creating suits (/wiki/Suit_(clothing)) , dress shoes (/wiki/Dress_shoe) , footwear, lingerie, and undergarments (/wiki/Undergarment) . [7] (#cite_note-Tinchy_Stryder_to_design_Women’s_Swimwear_Line-7) Design [ edit ] The clothing is designed with input from tailors, fashion (/wiki/Fashion) designers, and Danquah. [3] (#cite_note-Star_In_The_Hood_Clothing_Launches_Into_JD_Stores-3) Star in the Hood has also collaborated with many other famous brands, such as Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) , [8] (#cite_note-NEWS:_Tinchy_Stryder_and_Joe_Cole_Bring_JD_Sports_To_Standstill!!!-8) G-Shock (/wiki/G-Shock) , [9] (#cite_note-G-Shock_Friends_–_Tinchy_Stryder-9) and Apple Inc (/wiki/Apple_Inc.) , and collaborated and worn by musicians and people such as Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) , [10] (#cite_note-Rihanna_Wears_Tinchy_Srtyder_Jumper-10) Alexis Jordan (/wiki/Alexis_Jordan) , [11] (#cite_note-Alexis_Jordan_in_Star_In_The_Hood_Snapback-11) Emily Deyn (Sister of Agyness Deyn (/wiki/Agyness_Deyn) ), [12] (#cite_note-FASHION:_Star_In_The_Hood_Premiere_SS11_Range_From_Nothing_To_Something-12) Frankie Sandford (/wiki/Frankie_Sandford) , [13] (#cite_note-Frankie_from_the_Saturdays_in_Star_In_The_Hood_Clothing-13) Tinie Tempah (/wiki/Tinie_Tempah) , [14] (#cite_note-Tinie_Tempah_models_Star_In_The_Hood_clothing-14) Jodie Connor (/wiki/Jodie_Connor) , [12] (#cite_note-FASHION:_Star_In_The_Hood_Premiere_SS11_Range_From_Nothing_To_Something-12) and Maria Falbo (Female Professional skateboarder (/wiki/Professional_skateboarder) ). [12] (#cite_note-FASHION:_Star_In_The_Hood_Premiere_SS11_Range_From_Nothing_To_Something-12) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Wilkes, Joe. "Norwich music managers go No. 1 with Dappy of N-Dubz" (https://www.eveningnews24.co.uk/news/norwich-music-managers-go-no-1-with-dappy-of-n-1725402) . ^ (#cite_ref-Star_In_The_Hood_–_JD_Sports_2-0) "Star in the Hood – JD Sports" (http://www.jdsports.co.uk/page/star-in-the-hood) . JD Sports (/wiki/JD_Sports) . Retrieved 23 August 2011 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Star in the Hood Clothing Launches into JD Stores" (http://www.marketwire.com/press-release/star-in-the-hood-clothing-launches-into-jd-stores-1341883.htm) . Marketwire (/wiki/Marketwire) . 27 October 2010 . Retrieved 23 August 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-FASHION:_Star_In_The_Hood_Clothing_To_Be_Stocked_In_JD_Sport_4-0) "FASHION: Star In The Hood Clothing To Be Stocked In JD Sports" (http://www.rwdmag.com/2010/10/star-in-the-hood-clothing-to-be-stocked-in-jd-sports/) . RWDmag (/wiki/Rewind_Magazine) . 6 October 2010 . Retrieved 23 August 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-Tinchy_Stryder_tips_off_Jay-Z_about_X_Factor’s_Cher_Lloyd_5-0) "Tinchy Stryder tips off Jay-Z about X Factor's Cher Lloyd" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/11786854) . BBC News (/wiki/BBC_News) . 18 November 2010 . Retrieved 23 August 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-Interview_Time:_Tinchy_Stryder_Talks_Winning_A_MOBO_Award_6-0) Richard Gilzene (8 November 2011). "Interview Time: Tinchy Stryder Talks Winning A MOBO Award, Meeting Jay-Z & More" (http://www.taletela.com/news/10929/interview-time-tinchy-stryder-talks-winning-a-mobo-award-meeting-jay-z-&-more) . taletela.com . Retrieved 2 December 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-Tinchy_Stryder_to_design_Women’s_Swimwear_Line_7-0) Richard Gilzene. "Interview Time: Tinchy Stryder Talks Winning A MOBO Award, Meeting Jay-Z & More" (http://www.taletela.com/news/10929/interview-time-tinchy-stryder-talks-winning-a-mobo-award-meeting-jay-z-&-more) . , "Tinchy Stryder to design Women's Swimwear Line" (http://www.fashionloving.co.uk/tinchy-stryder-to-design-womens-swimwear-line/) . fashionloving. 24 February 2012 . Retrieved 18 May 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-NEWS:_Tinchy_Stryder_and_Joe_Cole_Bring_JD_Sports_To_Standstill!!!_8-0) "NEWS: Tinchy Stryder and Joe Cole Bring JD Sports To Standstill!!!" (http://www.rwdmag.com/2010/05/tinchy-stryder-and-joe-cole-bring-jd-sports-to-standstill/) . RWDmag (/wiki/Rewind_Magazine) . 13 May 2010 . Retrieved 23 August 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-G-Shock_Friends_–_Tinchy_Stryder_9-0) "G-Shock Friends – Tinchy Stryder" (http://www.g-shock.co.uk/friends/tinchy_stryder/) . G-Shock (/wiki/G-Shock) . Retrieved 23 August 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-Rihanna_Wears_Tinchy_Srtyder_Jumper_10-0) "Rihanna Wears Tinchy Srtyder Jumper" (https://archive.today/20130422035357/http://www.mtv.co.uk/news/rihanna/204087-rihanna-tinchy-stryder) . MTV (/wiki/MTV) . 19 January 2011. Archived from the original (http://www.mtv.co.uk/news/rihanna/204087-rihanna-tinchy-stryder) on 22 April 2013 . Retrieved 23 August 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-Alexis_Jordan_in_Star_In_The_Hood_Snapback_11-0) "Alexis Jordan in Star in the Hood Snapback" (http://www.starinthehood.net/blog/?m=201107&paged=3) . 4Nb.co.uk. 19 January 2011 . Retrieved 23 August 2011 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "FASHION: Star In The Hood Premiere SS11 Range From Nothing To Something" (http://www.rwdmag.com/2011/04/star-in-the-hood-premiere-ss11-range-from-nothing-to-something/) . RWDmag (/wiki/Rewind_Magazine) . 18 April 2011 . Retrieved 23 August 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-Frankie_from_the_Saturdays_in_Star_In_The_Hood_Clothing_13-0) "Frankie from the Saturdays in Star in the Hood Clothing" (http://4nb.co.uk/?p=682) . 4nB.co.uk. 19 January 2011 . Retrieved 23 August 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-Tinie_Tempah_models_Star_In_The_Hood_clothing_14-0) "Tinie Tempah models Star in the Hood clothing" (http://yinnyang.co.uk/2010/11/competition-win-a-star-in-the-hood-jacket/) . yinnyang.co.uk. 14 July 2010 . Retrieved 23 August 2011 . External links [ edit ] Star in the Hood (http://www.starinthehood.net/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6457fbf49b‐ltjk4 Cached time: 20240706153842 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.256 seconds Real time usage: 0.388 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1889/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 32741/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1843/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 59165/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.151/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5883144/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 323.926 1 -total 40.43% 130.964 1 Template:Reflist 34.91% 113.074 15 Template:Cite_web 33.08% 107.163 1 Template:Infobox_company 30.56% 99.002 1 Template:Infobox 19.25% 62.360 1 Template:Short_description 11.13% 36.057 2 Template:Pagetype 5.25% 16.992 7 Template:Main_other 4.52% 14.635 1 Template:SDcat 4.04% 13.074 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:32988204-0!canonical and timestamp 20240706153842 and revision id 1232965113. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Star_in_the_Hood_(company)&oldid=1232965113 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Star_in_the_Hood_(company)&oldid=1232965113) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing brands (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands) Companies based in Norwich (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Norwich) Clothing companies established in 2006 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_2006) High fashion brands (/wiki/Category:High_fashion_brands) Luxury brands (/wiki/Category:Luxury_brands) British companies established in 2006 (/wiki/Category:British_companies_established_in_2006) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from June 2017 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_June_2017) Use British English from January 2018 (/wiki/Category:Use_British_English_from_January_2018)
Honduran journalist and fashion editor (born 1951) This article contains content that is written like an advertisement (/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_soapbox_or_means_of_promotion) . Please help improve it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lizzette_Kattan&action=edit) by removing promotional content (/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam) and inappropriate external links (/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links#Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest) , and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) . ( February 2024 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's general notability guideline (/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability) . 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Find sources: "Lizzette Kattan" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Lizzette+Kattan%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Lizzette+Kattan%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Lizzette+Kattan%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Lizzette+Kattan%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Lizzette+Kattan%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Lizzette+Kattan%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( February 2024 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Lizzette Kattan Born ( 1951-12-18 ) December 18, 1951 (age 72) San Pedro Sula (/wiki/San_Pedro_Sula) , Honduras Notable credit(s) Fashion Director, Italian Cosmopolitan (/w/index.php?title=Italian_Cosmopolitan&action=edit&redlink=1) ; Fashion Director, Harper's Bazaar Uomo (/w/index.php?title=Harper%27s_Bazaar_Uomo&action=edit&redlink=1) ; Fashion Director, Harper's Bazaar Italia (/w/index.php?title=Harper%27s_Bazaar_Italia&action=edit&redlink=1) ; Editor-in-Chief , Harper's Bazaar France (/w/index.php?title=Harper%27s_Bazaar_France&action=edit&redlink=1) Lizzette Kattan , is a Honduran-born fashion editor that worked between Milan and New York from 1976 until 1986 for Harper's Bazaar Italy (/w/index.php?title=Harper%27s_Bazaar_Italy&action=edit&redlink=1) , Harper's Bazaar France (/w/index.php?title=Harper%27s_Bazaar_France&action=edit&redlink=1) , Uomo Harper's Bazaar (/w/index.php?title=Uomo_Harper%27s_Bazaar&action=edit&redlink=1) and Italian Cosmopolitan (/w/index.php?title=Italian_Cosmopolitan&action=edit&redlink=1) . [1] (#cite_note-ModelBook-1) She collaborated with virtually every major photographer of that period and discovered many of today's most recognizable photographic talent. Once retired from the fashion world Kattan started her diplomatic career as the Commercial Attache of the Honduran Embassy in Rome, in 1990, and eventually becoming the Consulate General of Milan in 2002 until 2007. She currently works as a freelance Stylist for international publications. Kattan is fluent in English, French, Italian, and Spanish. Early life [ edit ] Kattan was born in San Pedro Sula (/wiki/San_Pedro_Sula) , Honduras (/wiki/Honduras) . Her family relocated to New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) while in her teens. Her passion throughout her childhood was not fashion but oddly enough archeology. And thus she pursued a degree in anthropology at Hunter College (/wiki/Hunter_College) . Eileen Ford (/wiki/Eileen_Ford) discovered Kattan on the streets of New York and proposed to her to become a model. The decision to start a modeling career was met with some hesitation, as Kattan never considered working in the fashion industry. Career [ edit ] Fashion career [ edit ] Kattan signed with Ford Models (/wiki/Ford_Models) and started working in New York City. She traveled throughout Europe and worked for the likes of GQ (/wiki/GQ) , ELLE France (/wiki/ELLE) , Italian Vogue (/wiki/Italian_Vogue) and Harper's Bazaar Italia (/w/index.php?title=Harper%27s_Bazaar_Italia&action=edit&redlink=1) . Her interest of being in front of camera waned during her short modeling career and she gradually pursued a job at Edizioni Syds, which owned Harper's Bazaar Italia. She began her career organizing photo shoots for Italian Cosmopolitan. Her big break came in 1976 when she took over as the Fashion Director of Italian Cosmopolitan (/w/index.php?title=Italian_Cosmopolitan&action=edit&redlink=1) , [1] (#cite_note-ModelBook-1) a position she held until 1986. Her powerful creative work gained momentum and she took over as the Fashion Director of Harper's Bazaar Italia (/w/index.php?title=Harper%27s_Bazaar_Italia&action=edit&redlink=1) [1] (#cite_note-ModelBook-1) in 1978. Her greatest accomplishment was launching Men's Harper's Bazaar (/w/index.php?title=Harper%27s_Bazaar_Uomo&action=edit&redlink=1) in 1979. The magazine was later renamed Harper's Bazaar Uomo (/w/index.php?title=Harper%27s_Bazaar_Uomo&action=edit&redlink=1) . She fostered many close ties with the greatest talents of that period such as Valentino, Gianni Versace, Ottavio Missoni and Calvin Klein. [2] (#cite_note-VanityCalvin-2) She aggressively pursued some of the best photographic talent in the industry collaborating on projects with Chris von Wangenheim (/wiki/Chris_von_Wangenheim) , Albert Watson (/wiki/Albert_Watson_(photographer)) , Arthur Elgort (/wiki/Arthur_Elgort) and Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) . Her most notable assets was discovering young photographers and allowing them to develop their talent. This opportunity gave way to some of the most recognizable names of today such as Herb Ritts (/wiki/Herb_Ritts) and Steven Meisel (/wiki/Steven_Meisel) . [1] (#cite_note-ModelBook-1) Meisel, an illustrator working at Women's Wear Daily, would later become synonymous with Italian – and American Vogue. During the same time she met and launched Gia Carangi (/wiki/Gia_Carangi) 's career [3] (#cite_note-3) booking her for back to back shoots for Harper's Bazaar Italia (/w/index.php?title=Harper%27s_Bazaar_Italia&action=edit&redlink=1) with photographer Chris von Wangenheim (/wiki/Chris_von_Wangenheim) . In 1983 Harper's Bazaar France (/w/index.php?title=Harper%27s_Bazaar_France&action=edit&redlink=1) opened its doors in Paris with Kattan as the Editor-in-chief, a position she held until December 1985. Kattan retired from her positions at Harper's Bazaar in 1986 to raise her two sons. Diplomatic career [ edit ] In 1990 Kattan became the commercial attaché of the Honduran Embassy in Rome. She was responsible for various publications attracting foreign investment from Italy. In 2002 Kattan became the Consul general of Honduras in Milan, [4] (#cite_note-4) which serviced the region of Lombardy and Venice. [5] (#cite_note-LombardyVenice-5) This post was held until 2007. In effort to promote the country of Honduras, Kattan created a quarterly publication called "Honduran Highlights" [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) which highlighted culture, tourism and investment opportunities. The publication existed from 1990 to 2007. Kattan created the concept and help organize two museum exhibits in Europe. "Les Mayas au pays de Copan" was held at the Abbaye de Daoulas from 5 April and 7 September 1997. [8] (#cite_note-MayaCopan1-8) "I Maya di Copan – L'atene del Centro America" was exhibited at the Palazzo Reale (/wiki/Royal_Palace_of_Milan) in Milan from 3 October 1997 to 1 March 1998. [9] (#cite_note-9) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d Gross, Michael (1995). Model . William Morrow and Company, INC. pp. 376 (https://archive.org/details/modeluglybusines00gros_0/page/376) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-688-12659-6 . ^ (#cite_ref-VanityCalvin_2-0) Klein, Calvin (11 March 2008). "Calvin to the Core" (http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/features/2008/04/calvin200804?currentPage=5) . Feature on Calvin Klein . Vanity Fair . Retrieved 28 February 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Fried, Stephen (1993). Thing of beauty : the tragedy of supermodel Gia . New York, NY: Pocket Books. p. 112. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-671-70104-5 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "List of Consulate Generals and Honorary Diplomats in Italy" (http://www.visti-consolato.it/elenco_consolati.pdf) (PDF) . List of Consulate Generals and Honorary Diplomats of Honduras in Italy . Minister of Foreign Affairs Italy . Retrieved 28 February 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-LombardyVenice_5-0) "List of Honorary and Career Diplomats in Italy" (http://www.comune.pisa.it/doc/palla/anagrafe/leggi-circolari/consolati.htm) . Municipality of Pisa . Retrieved 28 February 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Honduran Highlights" (http://www.hondurasconsulmilano.org/documents/Honduras_economia.pdf) (PDF) . Consulate General of Honduras in Milan . Retrieved 28 February 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Honduran Highlights" (http://www.hondurasconsulmilano.org/documents/hh204.pdf) (PDF) . Consulate General of Honduras in Milan . Retrieved 28 February 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-MayaCopan1_8-0) Les Mayas Au Pays De Copàn . Abbaye De Daoulas: SKIRA. 1997. pp. Acknowledgements. ASIN (/wiki/ASIN_(identifier)) B001MKJDOG (https://www.amazon.com/dp/B001MKJDOG) . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Orefici, Giuseppe (1997). I Maya di Copán : l'Atene del Centroamerica ; Milano, Palazzo Reale, 3 ottobre 1997 - 1. marzo 1998 . Milano: Skira. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 88-8118-238-6 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.lizzettekattan.com/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5b8f7f4b65‐fbctk Cached time: 20240624042833 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.307 seconds Real time usage: 0.454 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2221/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 35705/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2849/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 38780/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.192/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6968533/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 418.194 1 -total 33.66% 140.767 1 Template:Infobox_person 28.95% 121.054 1 Template:Reflist 21.40% 89.508 4 Template:Cite_book 17.52% 73.279 1 Template:Short_description 15.02% 62.799 2 Template:Ambox 12.54% 52.423 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 11.88% 49.665 1 Template:Advert 10.04% 41.996 2 Template:Pagetype 7.64% 31.934 17 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:31031702-0!canonical and timestamp 20240624042833 and revision id 1230075471. 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Add tags to your draft show Editor resources Find sources: Google (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Kayleigh+Swenson%22) ( books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Kayleigh+Swenson%22+-wikipedia) · news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Kayleigh+Swenson%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Kayleigh+Swenson%22) · free images (https://www.google.com/search?safe=off&tbs=sur:fmc&tbm=isch&q=%22Kayleigh+Swenson%22+-site:wikipedia.org+-site:wikimedia.org) · WP refs (https://www.google.com/custom?hl=en&cx=007734830908295939403%3Agalkqgoksq0&cof=FORID%3A13%3BAH%3Aleft%3BCX%3AWikipedia%2520Reference%2520Search&q=%22Kayleigh+Swenson%22) ) · FENS (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Kayleigh+Swenson%22&acc=on&wc=on) · TWL (https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/search/?q=%22Kayleigh+Swenson%22) Easy tools : Citation bot (https://citations.toolforge.org/process_page.php?edit=automated_tools&slow=1&page=Draft:Kayleigh_Swenson) ( help (/wiki/User:Citation_bot/use) ) | Advanced: Fix bare URLs (https://tools.wmflabs.org/refill/result.php?page=Draft:Kayleigh_Swenson&defaults=y) Declined by Liance (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Liance) 25 days ago. Last edited by Liance (/wiki/User:Liance) 25 days ago. Reviewer: Inform author (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Lulanep&action=edit&editintro=Template:AfC_submission/user_talk_editintro_declined&preload=Template:AfC_submission/user_talk_preload_declined&preloadtitle=Your+submission+at+%5B%5BWP%3AAfC%7CArticles+for+creation%5D%5D&section=new) . Resubmit Please note that if the issues are not fixed, the draft will be declined again. American songwriter, it-girl, playmate Kayleigh Swenson (born Octobre 22, 1985 in San Antonio (/wiki/San_Antonio) , Texas (/wiki/Texas) ) is actress, singer, songwriter and it-girl. Her father was the wrestler Robert Swenson (/wiki/Robert_Swenson) , who dies, when she was 11-years-old. Background [ edit ] She began to sing and play the guitar, when she was a child. During her teenager time, she focused on tattoos and body art. She chose a career as model and singer and gave herself Viking Barbie. She started into the music business, expressing her love of singing and songwriting. She began a YouTube channel where she shared cover songs, that have garnered over one million views, and her tracks, combining electronic and hip-hop styles with a special touch. Her songs such as Blow Ya Mind (Succubus), All The Way To The Bank, Bury Yourself, My Heart Belongs To Daddy, and Not Today have become famous. She has also teamed up with artists including Crooked I and Tech N9ne, and her videos have been seen by millions of people. She has been a model for multiple magazines, including Playboy, and has been mentioned in publications such as Yahoo News, The Sun, Daily Star, and The Blast. Furthermore, she has started her apparel brand called Viking Dolls. Her unique vocal style combined with her attractive looks and tattoos have made her a popular figure. She has had quite a few cover songs that have garnered over one million views, including Love on the Brain by Rihanna and Summertime Sadness by Lana Del Rey. Filmography of Music Videos [ edit ] My Heart Belongs to Daddy (2019) All the Way to the Bank (2019) Lies (2019) Basic (2019) December (2021) Bury yourself (2021) Taste (2021) Creep (2021) Suitcase Full of Cash (2022) Broken Wings (2022) Not Today (2022) External Links [ edit ] Viking Barbie(I) (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm6599401/) ‘Look at those BOOBS’ Fans dub Insta babe's breasts 'world's best' after TOPLESS pics (https://www.dailystar.co.uk/news/latest-news/kayleigh-swenson-instagram-fitness-fhm-17032977) Diese Frau hat die "besten Brüste der Welt" (https://www.oe24.at/welt/diese-frau-hat-die-besten-brueste-der-welt/302440677) Zu heiß für Instagram?„Viking Barbie“ geht an die Grenze des Erlaubten (https://www.express.de/promi-und-show/viking-barbie-kayleigh-swenson-zu-heiss-fuer-instagram-385469) This page will be placed in the following categories if it is moved to the article namespace (/wiki/Wikipedia:NS0) . 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Ribbon on a sailor's cap This article does not cite (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) any sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Tally_(cap)) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence) . Find sources: "Tally" cap (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Tally%22+cap) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Tally%22+cap+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Tally%22+cap&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Tally%22+cap+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Tally%22+cap) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Tally%22+cap&acc=on&wc=on) ( June 2019 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Experimental cap tally with variant spelling ARRERNTE for the Royal Australian Navy (/wiki/Royal_Australian_Navy) frigate (/wiki/Frigate) , HMAS (/wiki/HMAS_Arunta_(FFH_151)) Arunta French navy pith helmet (/wiki/Pith_helmet) with tally The tally on a sailor's cap (/wiki/Sailor_cap) is a ribbon usually bearing the name of a ship or some other establishment to which they belong. Practice varies with each navy, though a conventional tally is black, with a gold or yellow inscription. The inscription may be simply a ship's name (e.g. "H.M.A.S. ARRERNTE"), the name of the navy ("MARINE NATIONALE") or a longer name such as "Red Banner Baltic Fleet" ( "КРАСНОЗНАМЕН. БАЛТ. ФЛОТ" ). During World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) , the ship's name would often be omitted from the tally—leaving just "H.M.A.S", for example—as a precautionary measure against espionage (/wiki/Espionage) . Likewise, the manner a tally is fastened onto the cap varies with each navy. For example, the British tie it into a bow on the left side; the Germans and Russians tie it at the back, leaving behind a pair of streamers; while the French stitch it onto the cap like an ordinary cap band. Occasionally, the tally's colour may vary from the usual black, such as the Ribbon of Saint George (/wiki/Ribbon_of_Saint_George) tallies used in the Soviet and Russian navies to denote Guards units (/wiki/Guards_unit_(Soviet_Union)) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐rzh4r Cached time: 20240721000532 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.284 seconds Real time usage: 0.490 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 245/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 10302/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 334/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 9/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1653/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.206/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 15484980/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 335.901 1 -total 39.62% 133.081 1 Template:Lang 29.32% 98.478 1 Template:Unreferenced 27.49% 92.350 1 Template:Ambox 25.14% 84.449 1 Template:Short_description 14.49% 48.670 2 Template:Pagetype 6.85% 22.998 2 Template:Main_other 6.29% 21.139 1 Template:SDcat 5.79% 19.452 1 Template:HMAS 5.73% 19.245 1 Template:Find_sources_mainspace Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:11339351-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721000532 and revision id 1192377185. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tally_(cap)&oldid=1192377185 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tally_(cap)&oldid=1192377185) " Category (/wiki/Help:Category) : Military uniforms (/wiki/Category:Military_uniforms) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles lacking sources from June 2019 (/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_sources_from_June_2019) All articles lacking sources (/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_sources) Articles containing Russian-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Russian-language_text)
American fashion designer Marisol Deluna Deluna in 2010 Born Marisol Luna ( 1967-06-20 ) June 20, 1967 (age 57) San Antonio, Texas (/wiki/San_Antonio,_Texas) , U.S. Nationality American Occupation fashion designer Years active 1989–present Marisol Deluna is an American fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) based in New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) who specializes in screen-printed (/wiki/Screen_printing) fashion accessories (/wiki/Fashion_accessories) , apparel (/wiki/Apparel) and home décor (/wiki/Home_d%C3%A9cor) sold under the label Marisol Deluna New York. [1] (#cite_note-1) Early life [ edit ] Born on June 20, 1967, to Rudolfo (Rudy) and Peggy Luna in San Antonio, Texas (/wiki/San_Antonio,_Texas) , [2] (#cite_note-auto8-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) Deluna uses her family's original Spanish (/wiki/Spanish_language) surname (/wiki/Surname) . [2] (#cite_note-auto8-2) Her father is a retired aerial cartographer (/wiki/Cartographer) and mother is a museum docent (/wiki/Docent) . [2] (#cite_note-auto8-2) [4] (#cite_note-auto7-4) She grew up in the San Antonio suburb of Alamo Heights (/wiki/Alamo_Heights) , [5] (#cite_note-5) and is one of six children. [6] (#cite_note-6) Deluna is a graduate of Alamo Heights High School (/wiki/Alamo_Heights_High_School) , an alumna of the Kansas City Art Institute (/wiki/Kansas_City_Art_Institute) and attended the Fashion Institute of Technology (/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Technology) . [2] (#cite_note-auto8-2) [7] (#cite_note-7) Career [ edit ] Her design career in New York's garment district began in 1989 with an entry-level position. [4] (#cite_note-auto7-4) In 1997, she began offering fashion accessories and made-to-order designs, followed with a lifestyle brand (/wiki/Lifestyle_brand) , adding apparel and home décor. Items are sold under the label Marisol Deluna New York. [8] (#cite_note-auto6-8) [9] (#cite_note-auto3-9) She uses colorful textiles (/wiki/Textiles) , designed by hand, often relying on silk screen (/wiki/Silk_screen) printing to produce them. [10] (#cite_note-10) [8] (#cite_note-auto6-8) [11] (#cite_note-auto5-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) Her company's motto is "New York Designed. Texas Made." Her brand aims to promote manufacturing in the United States. [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-auto-14) As a child, Deluna was a Girl Scout (/wiki/Girl_Scouts_of_the_USA) . [15] (#cite_note-auto2-15) [16] (#cite_note-auto4-16) She has continued her affiliation by creating official uniform (/wiki/Uniform) accessories for the Girl Scouts of the USA (/wiki/Girl_Scouts_of_the_USA) . [17] (#cite_note-auto1-17) [15] (#cite_note-auto2-15) [16] (#cite_note-auto4-16) During New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) , Marisol cast Project Runway (/wiki/Project_Runway) ’s first transgender (/wiki/Transgender) model, Mimi Tao (/wiki/Mimi_Tao) . [18] (#cite_note-18) She embraces ethnic diversity and encourages her models to smile during shows. [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) Harlem (/wiki/Harlem) milliner (/wiki/Milliner) Rod Keenan (/wiki/Rod_Keenan) is a longtime friend of Deluna, and has collaborated with her. [21] (#cite_note-21) [22] (#cite_note-22) In 2012, Deluna received a commendation from the largest and oldest Hispanic (/wiki/Hispanic) organization in America, The League of United Latin American Citizens (/wiki/League_of_United_Latin_American_Citizens) (LULAC) for her charitable outreach and professional achievement. [23] (#cite_note-23) Marisol was inducted into the San Antonio Women's Hall of Fame (/wiki/Hall_of_Fame) in 2018 for her contribution to the arts (/wiki/The_arts) . [24] (#cite_note-24) Foundation [ edit ] The Marisol Deluna Foundation is a 501(c)(3) (/wiki/501(c)(3)) educational (/wiki/Educational) nonprofit (/wiki/Nonprofit) which supports a fashion initiative for those interested in fashion and design arts in her home state of Texas (/wiki/Texas) . [17] (#cite_note-auto1-17) [9] (#cite_note-auto3-9) Since 2015, the foundation has been located in the La Villita (/wiki/La_Villita) Historic Arts Village in downtown San Antonio (/wiki/San_Antonio) near the San Antonio River Walk (/wiki/San_Antonio_River_Walk) . [14] (#cite_note-auto-14) [25] (#cite_note-25) The foundation's Linda Luna Duffy Creative Hope Initiative was created for the inclusion of those with special needs (/wiki/Special_needs) in artistic (/wiki/Artistic) endeavors. [9] (#cite_note-auto3-9) Duffy was a public school (/wiki/Education_in_the_United_States) educator and Deluna's older sister, who succumbed to ALS (/wiki/ALS) in 2017. [26] (#cite_note-26) [9] (#cite_note-auto3-9) In 2018, the foundation hosted its inaugural community fashion show as an official "SA300" event in partnership with San Antonio to commemorate the city's Tricentennial (/wiki/Tricentennial) . [27] (#cite_note-27) Personal life [ edit ] Marisol is married to Jonathan Washburn Cole. [2] (#cite_note-auto8-2) [28] (#cite_note-28) The couple have no children and live in Lower Manhattan. [4] (#cite_note-auto7-4) [29] (#cite_note-29) She is an alumna of Alpha Phi (/wiki/Alpha_Phi) , [30] (#cite_note-30) member of the Fashion Institute of Technology (/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Technology) Couture Council, [31] (#cite_note-31) [32] (#cite_note-32) is an executive member of Fashion Group International (/wiki/Fashion_Group_International) , [33] (#cite_note-33) is a supporter of Housing Works (/wiki/Housing_Works) [11] (#cite_note-auto5-11) [34] (#cite_note-34) and has participated with a PSA (/wiki/Public_service_announcement) for Dan Savage (/wiki/Dan_Savage) 's It Gets Better Project (/wiki/It_Gets_Better_Project) . [35] (#cite_note-35) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Rodriguez, Andi (March 23, 2018). "GOOD WORKS SA: How one woman is making giving back fashionable" (https://www.bizjournals.com/sanantonio/news/2018/03/23/how-one-woman-is-making-giving-back-fashionable.html) . San Antonio Business Journal . Retrieved August 15, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "The New York Times Style Weddings" (https://www.nytimes.com/1999/06/13/style/weddings-marisol-deluna-jonathan-cole.html?mcubz=0%7D%7D) . The New York Times . June 13, 1999 . Retrieved August 16, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Zimbio/Getty Images" (http://www.zimbio.com/Rudy+Luna) . February 16, 2019 . Retrieved October 1, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c "Meet Marisol" (https://www.marisoldeluna.com/meet-marisol) . Retrieved August 16, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Jackson, Leigh-Ann (August 22, 2002). "Knot for Texans only". Austin American-Statesman . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Hiller, Jennifer (July 6, 2017). "Duffy, 60 was a special education teacher" (http://m.chron.com/obituaries/article/Duffy-60-was-a-special-education-teacher-11271188.php) . Houston Chronicle . Retrieved August 16, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Miller, Carole (October 7, 2009). "Alamo Heights ISD packs 100 years of history into a weeklong party" (http://www.mysanantonio.com/community/article/Alamo-Heights-ISD-packs-100-years-of-history-into-848211.php) . San Antonio Express-News . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Shopping Local" (https://issuu.com/louisdoucette/docs/rio_november_2017/4?ff) . Rio Magazine . November 2017 . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d "NYFW with Marisol Deluna" (https://www.talking-style.com/fashion/guest-nyfw-marisol-deluna/) . Talking Style . September 13, 2017 . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Fraser, Kristopher (September 11, 2017). "Marisol Deluna Presents Bold Patterns at New York Fashion Week" (https://fashionunited.com/news/fashion/marisol-deluna-presents-bold-patterns-at-new-york-fashion-week/2017091117278) . FashionUnited . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Housing Works 6th Annual "Design on a Dime" Opening" (http://www.stylehasastory.blogspot.com/2010/05/housing-works-6th-annual-on-dime.html) . New York Sartorial . May 14, 2010 . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Marisol Deluna Presents NYFW S/S 2018" (https://niche.style/fashion-beauty/fashion-editorial/marisol-deluna-presents-nyfw-ss-2018-collection/) . NICHE Magazine . September 2017 . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Aldridge, James (November 18, 2015). "La Villita is gaining new fashion boutique" (https://www.bizjournals.com/sanantonio/blog/morning-edition/2015/11/la-villita-gaining-new-fashion-boutique.html) . San Antonio Business Journal . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "NY Designer Opens Fashion Boutique, Foundation in La Villita Historic Arts Village" (https://spectrumlocalnews.com/tx/san-antonio/news/2015/11/19/ny-designer-opens-fashion-boutique--foundation-in-la-villita-historic-arts-village) . Spectrum News . November 29, 2015 . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Marisol Deluna, local Girl Scouts create a gown for Fashion Week San Antonio" (http://gsswt.blogspot.com/2013/12/marisol-deluna-local-girl-scouts-create.html) . Girl Scouts of Southwest Texas Blog . December 2, 2013 . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Street's Corner: Girl Scouts Help Designer Create Fashion Week Gown" (https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=XoFQ5FqvD7g) . Fox News San Antonio . November 7, 2013 . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b Rodriguez, Andi (March 23, 2018). "GOOD WORKS SA: How one woman is making giving back fashionable" (https://www.bizjournals.com/sanantonio/news/2018/03/23/how-one-woman-is-making-giving-back-fashionable.html) . San Antonio Business Journal . Retrieved August 16, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Mimi Tao Photos" (https://www.zimbio.com/photos/Marisol+Deluna/Mimi+Tao/Marisol+Deluna+NYFW+S+S+2020/c2goK4QvkV7) . Zimbio/Getty Images . September 11, 2019 . Retrieved September 30, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Graham-Jones, Lindsey (September 22, 2017). "Every Must-See Makeup from Spring 2018 Fashion Shows" (https://www.brit.co/makeup-trends-spring-2018-runway-fashion-week/) . BRIT+CO . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "About Those Runway Shows &The Orla Kiely Closure" (https://www.whatkatewore.com/2018/09/20/about-those-runway-shows-the-orla-kiely-closure) . What Kate Wore . September 20, 2018 . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Quintanilla, Michael (March 31, 2012). "San Antonio Designer Celebrates Milestone" (https://www.mysanantonio.com/life/fashion/article/San-Antonio-designer-celebrates-milestone-3445248.php) . San Antonio Express-News . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Cloutman, Kaye (March 29, 2012). "Marisol Deluna New York Fashion Show Celebrates Couture Designs" (https://gevmag.com/2012/03/29/marisol-deluna-new-york-fashion-show-celebrates-couture-designs/) . Gastronomique En Vogue Magazine . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) Fashionation (September 12, 2012). "New York designer Celebrates Anniversary and Continues to Reflect Her Texas Roots" (https://www.sacurrent.com/ArtSlut/archives/2012/09/12/new-york-designer-celebrates-anniversary-and-continues-to-reflect-her-texas-roots) . San Antonio Current . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Mendoza, Madalyn (March 21, 2018). "Meet the 2018 San Antonio Women's Hall of Fame" (https://www.mysanantonio.com/news/local/article/Meet-the-2018-San-Antonio-Women-s-Hall-of-Fame-12764727.php) . San Antonio Express-News . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Quintanilla, Michael (November 18, 2015). "San Antonio designer Marisol Deluna opens studio and educational foundation in La Villita" (https://blog.mysanantonio.com/trends/2015/11/san-antonio-designer-marisol-deluna-opens-studio-and-educational-foundation-in-la-villita/) . San Antonio Express-News . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) Hiller, Jennifer (July 6, 2017). "Duffy, 60 was a Special Education Teacher" (http://m.chron.com/obituaries/article/Duffy-60-was-a-special-education-teacher-11271188.php) . Houston Chronicle . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) Pari, Ursula (March 23, 2018). "San Antonio's first ever community fashion show to celebrate Tricentennial" (https://www.ksat.com/sa300/watch-san-antonios-first-ever-community-fashion-show-to-celebrate-tricentennial) . ABC KSAT 12l . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) "Zimbio/Getty Images" (https://www.zimbio.com/photos/Jonathan+Cole/Marisol+Deluna+NYFW+S+S+2020/NjYxpTpPmjE) . September 11, 2019 . Retrieved October 1, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) Fashionation (September 12, 2012). "New York designer Celebrates Anniversary and Continues to Reflect Her Texas Roots" (https://www.sacurrent.com/ArtSlut/archives/2012/09/12/new-york-designer-celebrates-anniversary-and-continues-to-reflect-her-texas-roots) . San Antonio Current . Retrieved October 1, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) "Facets of Fashion" (https://issuu.com/alphaphiintl) . Alpha Phi Quarterly Summer 2016 . June 30, 2016 . Retrieved October 1, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "Fashion Institute of Technology Couture Council members" (http://www.fitnyc.edu/museum/support/couture-council/index.php?wptouch_preview_theme=enabled) . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) "Clint Spaulding/WWD/Shutterstock" (http://www.shutterstock.com/editorial/image-editorial/fit-couture-council-luncheon-honoring-narciso-rodriguez-new-york-usa-05-sep-2018-9865808af) . September 5, 2018 . Retrieved February 9, 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "Marisol Deluna Celebrates 25th Anniversary with Runway Show" (https://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwfashion/article/Marisol-Deluna-Celebrates-25th-Anniversary-with-Fashion-Runway-Show-20141118) . Broadway World . November 18, 2014 . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) Simon, John (November 25, 2009). "Fashion for Action 2009 Presented By Housing Works" (http://xojohn.com/2009/11/fashion-for-action-2009-presented-by-housing-works/) . xoJohn . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) "Marisol Deluna- It Gets Better PSA" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TVTFnRBqFok) . It Gets Better . March 2, 2011 . Retrieved August 17, 2019 . 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Qing clothing and hairstyle policy Tifayifu ( simplified Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 剃发易服 ; traditional Chinese (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters) : 剃髮易服 ; lit. 'shaving hair and changing costume') was a cultural policy of the early Qing dynasty (/wiki/Qing_dynasty) as it conquered the preceding Ming dynasty (/wiki/Ming_dynasty) . In 1645, the Tifayifu edict forced Han Chinese people (/wiki/Han_Chinese) to adopt the Manchu hairstyle, the queue (/wiki/Queue_(hairstyle)) , and Manchu clothing (/wiki/Qizhuang) . [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) [3] (#cite_note-:9-3) The edict specifically applied to living adult men, who did not fall in the stipulated exceptions (#Tifayifu_exemptions) . [4] (#cite_note-:5-4) : 3, 6 In 1644, on the first day when the Manchu penetrated the Great Wall of China (/wiki/Great_Wall_of_China) in the Battle of Shanhai Pass (/wiki/Battle_of_Shanhai_Pass) , the Manchu rulers ordered the surrendering Han Chinese population to shave their heads; however, this policy was halted just a month later due to intense resistance from the Han Chinese near Beijing (/wiki/Beijing) . [4] (#cite_note-:5-4) : 218–219 Only after the Manchu captured Nanjing (/wiki/Nanjing) , the southern capital, from the Southern Ming (/wiki/Southern_Ming) in 1645 was the Tifayifu policy resumed and enforced severely. [4] (#cite_note-:5-4) : 218–219 Within one year after entering China proper (/wiki/China_proper) , the Qing rulers demanded that men among their newly defeated subjects adopt the Manchu hairstyle or face execution. [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) : 60 The Qing prince regent Dorgon (/wiki/Dorgon) initially canceled the order to shave for all men in Ming territories south of the Great Wall (post-1644 additions to the Qing). The full Tifayifu edict was only implemented after two Han officials from Shandong (/wiki/Shandong) , Sun Zhixie and Li Ruolin, voluntarily shaved their foreheads and demanded that Dorgon impose the queue hairstyle on the entire population. [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) The law was strongly opposed by the Han Chinese, especially those who were part of the late-Ming scholar and literati class (/wiki/Scholar-official) . [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) Even ten years after the implementation of the Tifayifu edict, there was still resistance to haircutting and adopting Manchu-style clothing. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) In the Kangxi (/wiki/Kangxi_Emperor) period, a large number of ordinary people still followed the clothing and hairstyle of the Ming dynasty, except for the officials and military generals, who had to wear the Manchu queue and uniforms. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) With time, Han Chinese men eventually adopted Manchu-style clothing, such as changshan (/wiki/Changshan) and magua (/wiki/Magua_(clothing)) , and by the late Qing, officials, scholars, and many commoners wore Manchu-style clothing. [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) : 61 Cultural significance [ edit ] Hairstyle [ edit ] Wearing the queue (/wiki/Queue_(hairstyle)) (bianzi) was traditionally a Manchurian hairstyle, which was itself a variant of northern tribes' hairstyle, including the Jurchen (/wiki/Jurchen_people) . [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) : 60 It differed from the way Han Chinese styled their hair; the Han Chinese kept long hair with all their hair grown over their head and was coiled into a topknot, held into place by Chinese headwear (/wiki/List_of_Hanfu_headwear) . [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) : 60 Wearing the queue was unpopular among the Chinese and was met with resistance as shaving the head was against the "system of rites and music" of ancient China and violated the Confucian beliefs of not harming the body which was bestowed by one's parents [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) : 60 as indicated in the Xiaojing (/wiki/Classic_of_Filial_Piety) , " Our bodies - to every hair and bit of skin - are received by us from our parents, and we must not presume to injure or wound them. This is the beginning of filial piety ". [8] (#cite_note-8) Moreover, the traditional hairstyle of the Han Chinese were a fundamental aspect of their cultural identity [9] (#cite_note-:4-9) and shaving their head was one of the greatest insults and was also a form punishment ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 髡 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : Kūn ). [3] (#cite_note-:9-3) The Qing rulers however perceived the queue as a visible of symbol of submission, [9] (#cite_note-:4-9) refusing to withdraw or modify the regulation. [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) : 60 The Manchu, Mongol bannermen and Han bannermen in Later Jin (1616–1636) (/wiki/Later_Jin_(1616%E2%80%931636)) territories since 1616 already shaved their foreheads. The Qing imposed the shaved head hairstyle on men of all ethnicities under its rule even before 1644 like upon the Nanai people (/wiki/Nanai_people) in the 1630s who had to shave their foreheads. [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) The men of certain ethnicities who came under Qing rule later like Salar people (/wiki/Salar_people) and Uyghur people (/wiki/Uyghur_people) already shaved all their heads bald so the shaving order was redundant. [12] (#cite_note-12) However, the shaving policy was not enforced in the Tusi (/wiki/Tusi) autonomous chiefdoms in Southwestern China where many minorities lived. There was one Han Chinese Tusi, the Chiefdom of Kokang (/wiki/Chiefdom_of_Kokang) populated by Han Kokang people (/wiki/Kokang_people) . Clothing [ edit ] Chinese changshan and Manchu neitao Differences between the Chinese changshan (left) and Manchu neitao (right), Qing dynasty Throughout China's multicultural history, clothing has been shaped through an intermingling of Han clothing styles (/wiki/Hanfu) , the Han Chinese being the dominant ethnicity, and the styles of various ethnic groups. Some examples include the standing collar of the cheongsam, which has been found in relics from the Ming dynasty (/wiki/Ming_dynasty) , ruled by the Han Chinese, and was subsequently adopted in the Qing dynasty as Manchu clothing items. Manchu robes were initially collarless. The Manchu also adopted the right closure from the Han Chinese as they initially closed their robes on the left side. Han Chinese women's attire and Manchu women's robe Han Chinese's women aoqun (/wiki/Ruqun) , Qing dynasty Chenyi, a one-piece Manchu women's robe, Qing dynasty. Left: A Qing-style aoqun (/wiki/Ruqun) , a form of Hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) worn by Han women around the 19th to 20th centuries. Below their upper garment, this qun (/wiki/Qun) , skirt, is a mamianqun (/wiki/Mamianqun) , a style which was inherited from the Ming dynasty (/wiki/Ming_dynasty) and continued to develop in the Qing dynasty. Right: Lady Aisin-Gioro Hengxiang, the birth mother of Wanrong, wearing the traditional Manchu one-piece robe, a chenyi, that later inspired the cheongsam. Differences between Manchu and Han Chinese clothing [ edit ] Main articles: Hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) and Qizhuang (/wiki/Qizhuang) Manchu and Han Chinese clothing (Hanfu, including those worn in the Ming dynasty) differed from each other, [4] (#cite_note-:5-4) : 6 the broad and general description of such differences in how Ming dynasty clothing is typically associated with sedentary characteristics such as being loose, "ample, flowing robes " with wide and long-sleeves which restricted movement and with " slippers with upturned toes " while the Manchu clothing were " boots, trousers and functional riding coats of coat of nomadic horseme n" allowing physical mobility. [13] (#cite_note-:7-13) : 39–40 Manchu coats were close fitting and had slashed openings on the four sides which allowed greater ease of movements when horse-riding; the sleeves were long and tight ending in horse-hoof shape which were designed to protects the hands from the wind; trousers were worn by both Manchu men and women, and their boots had rigid soles which facilitated mounted archery. [13] (#cite_note-:7-13) : 39–40 For the Han Chinese, however, Manchu-style clothing conflicted with their Confucian prescriptions which govern their attire. [3] (#cite_note-:9-3) Manchu's refusal to adopt Chinese clothing [ edit ] Manchu clothing were associated with martial vigour. When Hong Taiji (/wiki/Hong_Taiji) drew up the dressing code after 1636, he made a direct association between the decline of the Liao (/wiki/Liao_dynasty) , Jin (/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(1115%E2%80%931234)) and Yuan dynasties (/wiki/Yuan_dynasty) (all non-Han Chinese regimes) with the adoption of Hanfu and the adoption of a sedentary lifestyle. [13] (#cite_note-:7-13) : 40 Hong Taijji therefore reminded the Banner (/wiki/Manchu_people) princes and Manchu officials (in 1635 and in 1637) that the conquests by the Manchu were through riding and archery, and thus the wide and brood-sleeved clothing of the Ming dynasty were entirely unsuitable to the Manchu lifestyle and worried that his descendant would adopt Han Chinese customs while forgetting the sources of their greatness; therefore, the Manchu strongly rejected the adoption of Ming dynasty court clothing. [13] (#cite_note-:7-13) : 40 It is recorded that Hong Taiji said in 1636: [14] (#cite_note-14) : 157 Previously, the wise men . . . would often advise me [Hong Taiji] to abandon our Manchu clothing and hats for Chinese clothing and hats, and to adopt the Chinese way. I refused. They would not accept my reasons. Now, here, I want to give myself as an example. If those of us gathered here wore wide-sleeved clothing, how would we be able to stand with a quiver of arrows on the right side and a bow on the left? How could we take in hand the advance of a brave peregrine falcon [i.e., practice falconry]? If we give up archery and horsemanship, then we can certainly wear wide-sleeved clothing. But then how are we any different from those depraved people who eat meat cut by others — Macabe Keliher, The Board of Rites and the Making of Qing China, p. 157 Hong Taiji was again cited by the Qianlong Emperor (/wiki/Qianlong_Emperor) when urging his descendants to maintain the wearing of Manchu dress. [13] (#cite_note-:7-13) : 40 Symbol of submission [ edit ] Along with the adoption of the queue, the abandonment of traditional Hanfu through the adoption of Manchu clothing was also perceived as a symbol of submission by the Manchu. [4] (#cite_note-:5-4) : 6 [15] (#cite_note-:8-15) : 83 [3] (#cite_note-:9-3) However, the early Qing court did not allow Han Chinese men to wear all forms of Manchu items as they prohibited Chinese men from wearing certain specific Manchu items, such as clothing made of fur. [4] (#cite_note-:5-4) : 6 Women's fashion ban [ edit ] The early Qing court also forbid Manchu women from dressing themselves in Han Chinese women's fashion, [4] (#cite_note-:5-4) : 6 which included the wearing of Ming-style clothing with wide sleeves and from foot-binding (/wiki/Foot_binding) (in 1638 by Hong Taiji (/wiki/Hong_Taiji) for the Manchu women, in 1645 by Emperor Shunzhi (/wiki/Shunzhi_Emperor) and in 1662 and 1664 for both Han Chinese and Manchu; the ban on foot-binding for Han Chinese was eventually abandoned [15] (#cite_note-:8-15) : 83 ). [13] (#cite_note-:7-13) : 41 Manchu women were also forbidden wearing a single earring (a Han Chinese custom) and had to wear three earrings in one ear instead (Manchu custom). [13] (#cite_note-:7-13) : 41 However, from the middle of the 18th century, the women dress code were being infringed as it is recorded that the Qianlong Emperor (/wiki/Qianlong_Emperor) stated that "there were girls who emulated Han Chinese clothing and jewelry. This is truly not the Manchu custom" when he inspected the marriage draft. [13] (#cite_note-:7-13) : 41 The dress code continued to be infringed as recorded in 1775 (when bondservant daughters were observed wearing one earring instead of 3 in one ear), in 1804 (when 19 girls came up with bound feet), in 1839 (when an imperial edict was decreed punishing fathers of young girls who presented themselves for imperial inspection wearing Chinese-style upper garment with wide sleeves). [13] (#cite_note-:7-13) : 41 Therefore, although Manchu clothing was prevalent and Hanfu was forbidden in daily life, Hanfu-style clothing did not cease existing in society. [4] (#cite_note-:5-4) : 6 Tifayifu exemptions [ edit ] Painting depicting the transition from the Ming to the Qing dynasty attire system: in the Qing dynasty, men had to wear Qizhuang (/wiki/Qizhuang) while women were allowed to wear Hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) , Twenty-one Ancestors with Spirit Tablet , Qing dynasty. In order to stabilize its rule and integrate the cultural system of the Han Chinese, the Qing dynasty court adopted a mitigation policy, which consisted of 10 exemptions to the tifayifu policy known as the shicong shibucong ( 十从十不从 ; 十從十不從 ; 'Ten rules that must be obeyed and ten that need not be obeyed'). [16] (#cite_note-:6-16) This policy was proposed by Jin Zhijun ( 金之俊 (https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%91%E4%B9%8B%E4%BF%8A) ), a Han Chinese official of the Ming dynasty who surrendered to Qing dynasty, wherein the specifics of those exemptions were made with ten pairs of lines: [4] (#cite_note-:5-4) : 220 [16] (#cite_note-:6-16) [3] (#cite_note-:9-3) Men had to shave and braid their hair, and wear Manchu clothes, while women still wore the original hairstyle and Han-style clothes; During his life, he had to wear Manchu clothes, and after his death, he could wear Han-style clothes; Affairs of the overworld must be handled by means of Manchus, but the affairs of the underworld are still handled traditionally; The official must wear the Qing official uniform, but the slaves still wore the Ming clothing; When a child is young, he need not obey, but when grown up, he must follow the rules of Manchu; Ordinary people had to wear Manchu clothes and hairstyles, but monks and priests should wear Han-style clothes; Prostitutes wore the clothes required by the Qing court, while actors were free to wear ancient clothes to play the role of the ancients; The official ceremonies must follow the system of the Qing dynasty, while the marriage ceremonies should keep the tradition of the Han people; The state title was changed from Ming dynasty to Qing dynasty, but the official title names remain; Taxes and official services should follow the Manchu system, while the language remain in Chinese. — Su Wenhao, Study on the Inheritance and Cultural Creation of Manchu Qipao Culture Therefore, the tifayifu policy mainly applied to adult men, and the people who were generally exempted from the tifayifu policy were: Han Chinese women, Han Chinese children, Buddhist and, Taoist monks, deceased Han Chinese men, and performers in Chinese theatres, [4] (#cite_note-:5-4) : 6–7 While the qizhuang (/wiki/Qizhuang) was used in dominant spaces (e.g. ritual and official locations), Hanfu continued to be used in subordinate spaces (in theatre and women's quarters). [3] (#cite_note-:9-3) Consequences of tifayifu edict [ edit ] Executions and progressive adoption of Manchu-style clothing by men [ edit ] Voicing disapproval to the queue order and urging to the return of Chinese fashion (Ming-style) lead to the execution of Chen Mingxia (/wiki/Chen_Mingxia) (a former Ming dynasty official) for treason in 1654 by the Shunzi emperor (/wiki/Shunzhi_Emperor) ; [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) : 60 Chen Mingxia suggested that the Qing dynasty court should adopt Ming-style clothing " in order to bring peace to the empire ". [13] (#cite_note-:7-13) : 40 It also lead to the execution of Liu Zhenyu during the Qianlong (/wiki/Qianlong_Emperor) era for urging the clothing to be changed to what is presumed to Ming-style fashion; however, during this period, only the scholar-official elite were required to wear Manchu style and not the entire male population, so the great majority of men were allowed to dressed in Ming-style fashion. [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) : 61 Han Chinese men eventually adopted Manchu-style clothing – such as changshan (/wiki/Changshan) and magua (/wiki/Magua_(clothing)) – over time, and by the late Qing, officials, scholars, and many commoners wore Manchu-style clothing. [5] (#cite_note-:3-5) : 61 Resistance and massacres [ edit ] The Tifayifu policy lead to outrage and resistance, especially in central and south China, when the unpopular policy united educated men and peasants together in resistance. [13] (#cite_note-:7-13) : 40 In 1645, during military campaigns in south China, the Manchu troops were ordered to kill any Chinese who refused to shave his head. [15] (#cite_note-:8-15) : 83 The Tifayifu policy lead to great bloodshed and resentment among the Chinese. [15] (#cite_note-:8-15) : 83 It also led to resentment amongst the Han Chinese and also out of loyalty for the Ming dynasty, some areas in China fought back against the Manchu which provoked the Qing dynasty forced to massacre entire populations. [9] (#cite_note-:4-9) There was accounts of such massacres perpetuated by Qing soldiers at southern cities, such as Jiading (/wiki/Jiading_District) , and Jiangyin (/wiki/Jiangyin) , where tens of thousands of people were deliberately and brutally killed. [9] (#cite_note-:4-9) It was Han Chinese defectors (/wiki/Qing_conquest_of_the_Ming#Han_defectors) who carried out massacres against people refusing to wear the queue. Li Chengdong (/w/index.php?title=Li_Chengdong&action=edit&redlink=1) , a Han Chinese general who had served the Ming but defected to the Qing, [17] (#cite_note-17) ordered troops to carry out three separate massacres in the city of Jiading within a month, resulting in tens of thousands of deaths. [ citation needed ] The three massacres at Jiading District (/wiki/Jiading_District) are some of the most infamous. [ citation needed ] In June 1645, news that men were required to adopt Manchu hairstyle reached the city of Jiangyin (/wiki/Jiangyin) . [18] (#cite_note-18) The city of Jiangyin held out against about 10,000 Qing troops for 83 days; when the city wall was finally breached on October 9, 1645, the Qing army, led by the Han Chinese Ming defector, General Liu Liangzuo (/w/index.php?title=Liu_Liangzuo&action=edit&redlink=1) ( 劉良佐 ), who had been ordered to "fill the city with corpses before you sheathe your swords," massacred the entire population, killing between 74,000 and 100,000 people. [19] (#cite_note-:2-19) Although General Liu proclaimed that only adult men were to be executed, Liu's soldiers indiscriminately incinerated women and children in their houses. [19] (#cite_note-:2-19) Of the initial population estimated to be about 100,000, there were only 53 reported survivors following the Jiayin massacre. [19] (#cite_note-:2-19) Han Chinese soldiers in 1645 under Han General Hong Chengchou forced the queue on the people of Jiangnan while Han people were initially paid silver to wear the queue in Fuzhou (/wiki/Fuzhou) when it was first implemented. [20] (#cite_note-:42-20) [21] (#cite_note-Doolittle1876_2-21) See also [ edit ] Hanfu movement (/wiki/Hanfu_Movement) Cheongsam (/wiki/Cheongsam) Ruqun (/wiki/Ruqun) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Wang, Yi (2019-09-19). "Contesting the past on the Chinese Internet: Han-centrism and mnemonic practices" (https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750698019875996) . Memory Studies . 15 (2): 304–317. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1177/1750698019875996 (https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1750698019875996) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1750-6980 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1750-6980) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 204374195 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:204374195) . ^ a b c d Wang, Anita Xiaoming (2018). "The Idealised Lives of Women: Visions of Beauty in Chinese Popular Prints of the Qing Dynasty" (https://www.jstor.org/stable/26585538) . Arts Asiatiques . 73 : 61–80. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.3406/arasi.2018.1993 (https://doi.org/10.3406%2Farasi.2018.1993) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0004-3958 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0004-3958) . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 26585538 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/26585538) . ^ a b c d e f Wang, Guojun (2019). "Absent Presence: Costuming and Identity in the Qing Drama A Ten-Thousand Li Reunion" (https://muse.jhu.edu/article/759116) . Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies . 79 (1): 97–130. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1353/jas.2019.0005 (https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fjas.2019.0005) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1944-6454 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1944-6454) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 228163567 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:228163567) . ^ a b c d e f g h i j Wang, Guojun (2020). Staging personhood : costuming in early Qing drama . New York. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-231-54957-8 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1129398697 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1129398697) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ a b c d e f g h i Rhoads, Edward J. M. (2000). Manchus & Han : ethnic relations and political power in late Qing and early republican China, 1861-1928 . Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-295-80412-5 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 774282702 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/774282702) . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Wakeman, Frederic E. (1985). The Great Enterprise: The Manchu Reconstruction of Imperial Order in Seventeenth-century China, Volume 1 . Vol. 2 of Great Enterprise (illustrated ed.). University of California Press,l. p. 868. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0520048040 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Lui, Adam Yuen-chung (1989). Two Rulers in One Reign: Dorgon and Shun-chih, 1644-1660 . Faculty of Asian Studies monographs // The Australian National University (illustrated ed.). Faculty of Asian Studies, Australian National University. p. 37. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0731506545 . Dorgon did not want to see anything go wrong in a province and this might be the main reason why the government ... When the Chinese were ordered to wear the queue , Sun and Li took the initiative in changing their Ming hairstyle to ... ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Xiao Jing : The Scope and Meaning of the Treatise - Chinese Text Project" (https://ctext.org/xiao-jing/scope-and-meaning-of-the-treatise) . ctext.org (in Chinese (Taiwan)) . Retrieved 2022-03-08 . ^ a b c d Smith, Richard J. (2015). The Qing Dynasty and traditional Chinese culture . Lanham. p. 62. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4422-2192-5 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 898910891 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/898910891) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ (#cite_ref-10) Forsyth, James (1994). A History of the Peoples of Siberia: Russia's North Asian Colony 1581-1990 (illustrated, reprint, revised ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 217. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0521477719 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Majewicz, Alfred F., ed. (2011). Materials for the Study of Tungusic Languages and Folklore . Vol. 15 (illustrated, reprint ed.). Walter de Gruyter. p. 21. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-3110221053 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Dwyer, Arienne M. (2007). Salar: A Study in Inner Asian Language Contact Processes, Part 1 . Vol. 37 of Turcologica Series (illustrated ed.). Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 22. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-3447040914 . ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Rawski, Evelyn Sakakida (1998). The last emperors : a social history of Qing imperial institutions . Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-520-92679-0 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 43476703 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/43476703) . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Keliher, Macabe (2020). The Board of Rites and the making of Qing China . Oakland, California. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-520-97176-9 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 1090283580 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1090283580) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher) ) ^ a b c d Chang, Chun-shu (1998). Redefining history : ghosts, spirits, and human society in Pʻu Sung-ling's world, 1640-1715 . Shelley Hsueh-lun Chang. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-472-10822-0 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 37935113 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/37935113) . ^ a b Su, Wenhao (2019). "Study on the Inheritance and Cultural Creation of Manchu Qipao Culture" (https://www.atlantis-press.com/proceedings/icassee-19/125923391) . Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Art Studies: Science, Experience, Education (ICASSEE 2019) . Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research . Vol. 368. Atlantis Press. pp. 208–211. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2991/icassee-19.2019.41 (https://doi.org/10.2991%2Ficassee-19.2019.41) . ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-94-6252-837-6 . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 213865603 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:213865603) . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Faure, David (2007). Emperor and ancestor : state and lineage in South China . David Faure. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press. p. 164. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-4356-0883-2 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 290565472 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/290565472) . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Roberts, John A. G. (2011). History of China (3rd ed.). Palgrave Macmillan. p. 138. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-230-24984-4 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 930059261 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/930059261) . ^ a b c Conflict and control in late Imperial China . Frederic E. Wakeman, Carolyn Grant, Berkeley. Center for Chinese Studies University of California, American Council of Learned Societies. Committee on Studies of Chinese Civilization. Berkeley: University of California Press. 1975. pp. 82–83. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-520-02597-0 . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 2422200 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2422200) . {{ cite book (/wiki/Template:Cite_book) }} : CS1 maint: others ( link (/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others) ) ^ (#cite_ref-:42_20-0) Godley, Michael R. (September 2011). "The End of the Queue: Hair as Symbol in Chinese History" (http://www.chinaheritagequarterly.org/features.php?searchterm=027_queue.inc&issue=027) . China Heritage Quarterly (27). China Heritage Project, ANU College of Asia & the Pacific (CAP), The Australian National University. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1833-8461 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1833-8461) . ^ (#cite_ref-Doolittle1876_2_21-0) Justus Doolittle (1876). Social Life of the Chinese: With Some Account of Their Religious, Governmental, Educational, and Business Customs and Opinions. With Special But Not Exclusive Reference to Fuhchau . Harpers. pp. 242–. 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Rebelle Fragrance (/wiki/Perfume) by Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) Released Spring 2012 Label Parlux Fragances Predecessor Reb'l Fleur (/wiki/Reb%27l_Fleur) Successor Nude (/wiki/Nude_(fragrance)) Rebelle is the second fragrance (/wiki/Fragrance) for women by Barbadian singer Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) . The fragrance was released in spring 2012 under the perfume line Parlux Fragrances. [1] (#cite_note-billboard-1) The fragrance was made available for purchase on Belk.com, on February 15, 2012. [2] (#cite_note-2) in the United States. It was also available in a special pack at Macy's (/wiki/Macy%27s) for a limited time. The pack included the singer's previous fragrance, Reb'l Fleur (/wiki/Reb%27l_Fleur) , her sixth studio album, Talk That Talk (/wiki/Talk_That_Talk_(Rihanna_album)) and Rebelle. [3] (#cite_note-3) Background [ edit ] In a poll on the official website for Rihanna's first fragrance Reb'l Fleur, Rihanna asked fans to state whether they were a Rebelle or a Fleur. After an overwhelming 68% of Rihanna's fans voted Rebelle, the singer decided to embark on the release of her second fragrance, Rebelle, having achieved great success with her debut fragrance, Reb'l Fleur. [1] (#cite_note-billboard-1) Information [ edit ] Rihanna described the fragrance, as having a "feminine romantic element," while maintaining a "defiant quality." She added, "my new fragrance is about taking control but still being a lady." [4] (#cite_note-4) The top notes of the fragrance include; plum (/wiki/Plum) , strawberry (/wiki/Strawberry) and ginger (/wiki/Ginger) , the middle notes include orchid (/wiki/Orchid) , cacao (/wiki/Cocoa_bean) and heliotrope (/wiki/Heliotropium) , and the base notes include musk (/wiki/Musk) , patchouli (/wiki/Patchouli) , amber (/wiki/Amber) and coffee (/wiki/Coffee) . The fragrance is packaged in a flacon shape, created of red and gold surfaces, similar to that of Rihanna's previous fragrance. [5] (#cite_note-fragrantica-5) Promotion [ edit ] The promotional campaign for Rebelle, was shot by renowned music video director, Anthony Mandler (/wiki/Anthony_Mandler) , who also shot the promotional campaign for Reb'l Fleur. [1] (#cite_note-billboard-1) The fragrance was also marketed on the social networking service (/wiki/Social_networking_service) , Facebook (/wiki/Facebook) and on Twitter (/wiki/Twitter) . [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) Additionally, a large billboard, displayed in Times Square (/wiki/Times_Square) , New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) , features Rihanna, promoting the fragrance. [8] (#cite_note-8) Products [ edit ] 100 ml/ 3.4 oz 50 ml/ 1.7 oz 30 ml/ 1.0 oz 15 ml/ 0.5 oz Body Lotion 200 ml/ 6.7 oz Shower Gel 90 ml/ 3.0 oz Reception [ edit ] Since the release of Rebelle in the United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) in February 2012, it has sold over 2 million bottles. Rihanna's second fragrance has beaten other celebrity scents, in terms of bottles sold in the country, including Heat (/wiki/Heat_(perfume)) by Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9_Knowles) , Glow (/wiki/Glow_by_J.Lo) by Jennifer Lopez (/wiki/Jennifer_Lopez) and Midnight Fantasy (/wiki/Fantasy_(fragrance)#Midnight_Fantasy) by Britney Spears (/wiki/Britney_Spears) . Rebelle sold a record-breaking, 4 million bottles, in the UK, at the end of 2012. [9] (#cite_note-9) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c "Meet Rebelle, Rihanna's New Fragrance - The Hook" (http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/the-hook/465780/meet-rebelle-rihannas-new-fragrance) . Billboard.com . Retrieved 2012-05-29 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Rebelle by Rihanna now available at Belk.com" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160303221727/http://plus.ultgate.com/rebelle-by-rihanna-now-available-at-belk-com/) . Plus.ultgate.com. Archived from the original (http://plus.ultgate.com/rebelle-by-rihanna-now-available-at-belk-com/) on 2016-03-03 . Retrieved 2012-05-29 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Reb'l Fleur and Rebelle by Rihanna Deluxe Gift Set - Fragrance - Beauty - Macy's" (https://www.macys.com/shop/product/rebl-fleur-rebelle-by-rihanna-deluxe-gift-set?ID=637072&cm_mmc=Facebook-_-pdpshare-_-n-_-n) . Macys . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Rihanna's New Rebelle Perfume Comes Out Soon!" (http://news.instyle.com/2011/11/18/rihanna-new-perfume-rebelle/) . News.instyle.com. 2011-11-18 . Retrieved 2012-05-29 . ^ (#cite_ref-fragrantica_5-0) "Rebelle Rihanna perfume - a new fragrance for women 2012" (http://www.fragrantica.com/perfume/Rihanna/Rebelle-13442.html) . Fragrantica.com . Retrieved 2012-05-29 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Reb'l Fleur by Rihanna" (https://www.facebook.com/FragrancesbyRiRi) . Facebook . Retrieved 2012-05-29 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Perfumes by Rihanna (@PerfumesbyRiRi) - Twitter" (https://twitter.com/perfumesbyriri) . twitter.com . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Rihanna Poses Nude in Times Square - ABC News" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120615161905/https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/entertainment/2012/06/rihanna-poses-nude-in-times-square/) . ABC News (/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)) . Archived from the original (https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/entertainment/2012/06/rihanna-poses-nude-in-times-square/) on 2012-06-15 . Retrieved 2012-06-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Rihanna's Fragrance Rebelle Becomes Fastest Selling Celebrity Perfume In The UK" (http://www.capitalfm.com/artists/rihanna/news/rebelle-uk-sales) . capitalfm.com . v t e Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) Albums (/wiki/Rihanna_albums_discography) Singles (/wiki/Rihanna_singles_discography) Videography (/wiki/Rihanna_videography) Awards (/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_received_by_Rihanna) Live performances (/wiki/List_of_Rihanna_live_performances) Songs (/wiki/List_of_songs_recorded_by_Rihanna) Studio albums Music of the Sun (/wiki/Music_of_the_Sun) A Girl Like Me (/wiki/A_Girl_Like_Me_(Rihanna_album)) Good Girl Gone Bad (/wiki/Good_Girl_Gone_Bad) Reloaded Rated R (/wiki/Rated_R_(Rihanna_album)) Loud (/wiki/Loud_(Rihanna_album)) Talk That Talk (/wiki/Talk_That_Talk) Unapologetic (/wiki/Unapologetic) Anti (/wiki/Anti_(album)) Soundtrack albums Home (/wiki/Home_(soundtrack)) Black Panther: Wakanda Forever – Music from and Inspired By (/wiki/Black_Panther:_Wakanda_Forever_(soundtrack)#Black_Panther:_Wakanda_Forever_–_Music_from_and_Inspired_By) Remix albums Good Girl Gone Bad: The Remixes (/wiki/Good_Girl_Gone_Bad:_The_Remixes) Rated R: Remixed (/wiki/Rated_R:_Remixed) Video albums Good Girl Gone Bad Live (/wiki/Good_Girl_Gone_Bad_Live) Loud Tour Live at the O2 (/wiki/Loud_Tour_Live_at_the_O2) Rihanna 777 Documentary... 7Countries7Days7Shows (/wiki/Rihanna_777_Documentary..._7Countries7Days7Shows) Performances Rihanna: Live in Concert (/wiki/Rihanna:_Live_in_Concert) Good Girl Gone Bad Tour (/wiki/Good_Girl_Gone_Bad_Tour) A Girl's Night Out (/wiki/A_Girl%27s_Night_Out) Last Girl on Earth (/wiki/Last_Girl_on_Earth) Loud Tour (/wiki/Loud_Tour) Diamonds World Tour (/wiki/Diamonds_World_Tour) The Monster Tour (/wiki/The_Monster_Tour_(Eminem_and_Rihanna)) Anti World Tour (/wiki/Anti_World_Tour) Super Bowl LVII halftime show (/wiki/Super_Bowl_LVII_halftime_show) Retail Rihanna (book) (/wiki/Rihanna_(book)) Reb'l Fleur (/wiki/Reb%27l_Fleur) Rebelle Nude (/wiki/Nude_by_Rihanna) Rogue (/wiki/Rogue_by_Rihanna) Fenty X Puma (/wiki/Fenty_X_Puma) Fenty Beauty (/wiki/Fenty_Beauty) Fenty (fashion house) (/wiki/Fenty_(fashion_house)) Savage X Fenty (/wiki/Savage_X_Fenty) Savage X Fenty Show (/wiki/Savage_X_Fenty_Show) Related topics Clara Lionel Foundation (/wiki/Clara_Lionel_Foundation) Styled to Rock British TV series (/wiki/Styled_to_Rock_(British_TV_series)) American TV series (/wiki/Styled_to_Rock_(American_TV_series)) Category (/wiki/Category:Rihanna) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5c57c99494‐srpxx Cached time: 20240716053221 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.283 seconds Real time usage: 0.415 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 901/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 30146/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2144/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 42604/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.184/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3853183/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 346.566 1 -total 55.99% 194.056 1 Template:Reflist 49.79% 172.557 9 Template:Cite_web 28.24% 97.876 1 Template:Rihanna 27.75% 96.180 1 Template:Navbox_musical_artist 14.18% 49.141 1 Template:Infobox_fragrance 13.52% 46.862 1 Template:Infobox 2.60% 9.010 1 Template:Icon 0.57% 1.976 1 Template:Template_other 0.47% 1.613 1 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:35942721-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716053221 and revision id 1232445620. 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A worker wearing a DPE suit Two workers in DPE suits perform maintenance work at the Newport Chemical Agent Disposal Facility (/wiki/Newport_Chemical_Agent_Disposal_Facility) . The Demilitarization Protective Ensemble (DPE) is a heat-sealed, one-time-use positive pressure personnel suit (/wiki/Positive_pressure_personnel_suit) . These airtight suits are used by the U.S. Army Chemical Materials Agency (/wiki/U.S._Army_Chemical_Materials_Agency) to provide the highest level of protection against chemical agent exposure for workers accessing areas of chemical weapon (/wiki/Chemical_weapon) disposal plants where chemical weapons are disassembled and the agent destroyed. Workers at Pine Bluff Chemical Agent Disposal Facility (/wiki/Pine_Bluff_Chemical_Agent_Disposal_Facility) and other disposal sites have successfully completed tens of thousands of entries into these areas wearing DPE suits. [1] (#cite_note-CMA_DPE_factsheet-1) With supporting equipment, the suit weighs about 50 pounds. [1] (#cite_note-CMA_DPE_factsheet-1) Donning the suit takes between 30 and 45 minutes, with the assistance of a team of dressers. [2] (#cite_note-PEO_ACWA-2) The suit's primary air supply comes through a hose connection to purified air; a self-contained breathing apparatus (/wiki/Self-contained_breathing_apparatus) provides 8 to 10 minutes of escape air in case the primary supply is disrupted. A heart monitor (/wiki/Heart_monitor) around the wearer's chest checks for signs of distress. [1] (#cite_note-CMA_DPE_factsheet-1) The suit's gloves have three layers, with thick butyl rubber (/wiki/Butyl_rubber) gloves as the top layer, and the feet of the one-piece suit slip into butyl rubber boots that are then sealed to the suit. [1] (#cite_note-CMA_DPE_factsheet-1) A radio transmitter provides contact with emergency backup personnel, the control room and other support staff. [1] (#cite_note-CMA_DPE_factsheet-1) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Fact Sheet: Suiting up for Safety" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150923204937/http://www.cma.army.mil/fndocumentviewer.aspx?docid=003676566) . U.S. Army Chemical Materials Agency. Archived from the original (http://www.cma.army.mil/fndocumentviewer.aspx?docid=003676566) on 2015-09-23 . Retrieved 2014-08-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-PEO_ACWA_2-0) "Entry Support Area Tenders Keep Workers Safe" (https://archive.today/20140826020937/http://www.peoacwa.army.mil/2014/01/22/entry-support-area-tenders-keep-workers-safe/) . Program Executive Office, Assembled Chemical Weapons Alternatives. Archived from the original (http://www.peoacwa.army.mil/2014/01/22/entry-support-area-tenders-keep-workers-safe/) on 2014-08-26 . Retrieved 2014-08-25 . This military (/wiki/Military) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demilitarization_Protective_Ensemble&action=edit) . v t e This article incorporates public domain material (/wiki/Copyright_status_of_works_by_the_federal_government_of_the_United_States) from websites or documents of the United States Army (/wiki/United_States_Army) . 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