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This template does not require a rating on Wikipedia's content assessment (/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_assessment) scale. It is of interest to the following WikiProjects (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject) : Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) This template is within the scope of WikiProject Fashion (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fashion) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Fashion) and see a list of open tasks. Fashion Wikipedia:WikiProject Fashion Template:WikiProject Fashion fashion articles Islam (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Islam) Islam portal (/wiki/Portal:Islam) This template is within the scope of WikiProject Islam (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Islam) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of Islam (/wiki/Islam) -related articles on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Islam) and see a list of open tasks. Islam Wikipedia:WikiProject Islam Template:WikiProject Islam Islam-related articles Women (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Women) This template is within the scope of WikiProject Women (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Women) , a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of women (/wiki/Woman) on Wikipedia. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion (/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Women) and see a list of open tasks. Women Wikipedia:WikiProject Women Template:WikiProject Women WikiProject Women articles __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{&quot;headingLevel&quot;:2,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;h-Chongkian-20230916023700&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;heading&quot;,&quot;level&quot;:0,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;h-Tudong_and_Tudung-20230916023700&quot;,&quot;replies&quot;:[&quot;c-Chongkian-20230916023700-Tudong_and_Tudung&quot;],&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Tudong and Tudung&quot;,&quot;linkableTitle&quot;:&quot;Tudong and Tudung&quot;} Tudong and Tudung [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Chongkian-20230916023700","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Tudong_and_Tudung-20230916023700","replies":["c-Chongkian-20230916023700-Tudong_and_Tudung"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Chongkian-20230916023700-Tudong_and_Tudung","timestamp":"20230916023700"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__1__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__1__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{&quot;headingLevel&quot;:2,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;h-Chongkian-20230916023700&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;heading&quot;,&quot;level&quot;:0,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;h-Tudong_and_Tudung-20230916023700&quot;,&quot;replies&quot;:[&quot;c-Chongkian-20230916023700-Tudong_and_Tudung&quot;],&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Tudong and Tudung&quot;,&quot;linkableTitle&quot;:&quot;Tudong and Tudung&quot;} Hi, I just removed Tudung (/wiki/Tudung) from the list of links for "Types." It redirects to Tudong (/wiki/Tudong) so I thought it was probably unnecessary to have two links that go to the same place. Yes, if either is a redirect to another article, it's better to remove it and keep the main (non-redirect) article in the sidebar template. Chongkian (/wiki/User:Chongkian) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Chongkian) ) 02:37, 16 September 2023 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Islamic_female_dress#c-Chongkian-20230916023700-Tudong_and_Tudung) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20230916023700","author":"Chongkian","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Chongkian-20230916023700-Tudong_and_Tudung","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{&quot;headingLevel&quot;:2,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;h-Vice_regent-2020-06-06T23:50:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;heading&quot;,&quot;level&quot;:0,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;h-Image-2020-06-06T23:50:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;replies&quot;:[&quot;c-Vice_regent-2020-06-06T23:50:00.000Z-Image&quot;],&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Image&quot;,&quot;linkableTitle&quot;:&quot;Image&quot;} Image [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Vice_regent-2020-06-06T23:50:00.000Z","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Image-2020-06-06T23:50:00.000Z","replies":["c-Vice_regent-2020-06-06T23:50:00.000Z-Image"]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Chongkian-20230916023800-Vice_regent-2020-06-06T23:50:00.000Z","timestamp":"20230916023800"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__2__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__2__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{&quot;headingLevel&quot;:2,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;h-Vice_regent-2020-06-06T23:50:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;heading&quot;,&quot;level&quot;:0,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;h-Image-2020-06-06T23:50:00.000Z&quot;,&quot;replies&quot;:[&quot;c-Vice_regent-2020-06-06T23:50:00.000Z-Image&quot;],&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Image&quot;,&quot;linkableTitle&quot;:&quot;Image&quot;} The image used in this template is that of the niqab. But that is not the most common form of Islamic female dress. The image should be changed to a picture of the hijab. VR (/wiki/User:Vice_regent) talk 23:50, 6 June 2020 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Islamic_female_dress#c-Vice_regent-2020-06-06T23:50:00.000Z-Image) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"2020-06-06T23:50:00.000Z","author":"Vice regent","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Vice_regent-2020-06-06T23:50:00.000Z-Image","replies":["c-Chongkian-20230916023800-Vice_regent-2020-06-06T23:50:00.000Z"],"displayName":"VR"}} Now the template is without any image. Probably it is a more neutral that way. Chongkian (/wiki/User:Chongkian) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Chongkian) ) 02:38, 16 September 2023 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Islamic_female_dress#c-Chongkian-20230916023800-Vice_regent-2020-06-06T23:50:00.000Z) [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20230916023800","author":"Chongkian","type":"comment","level":2,"id":"c-Chongkian-20230916023800-Vice_regent-2020-06-06T23:50:00.000Z","replies":[]}} __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONDESKTOP__{&quot;headingLevel&quot;:2,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;h-Marccarran-20230530202700&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;heading&quot;,&quot;level&quot;:0,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;h-\&quot;Islamic\&quot;-20230530202700&quot;,&quot;replies&quot;:[&quot;c-Marccarran-20230530202700-\&quot;Islamic\&quot;&quot;],&quot;text&quot;:&quot;\&quot;Islamic\&quot;&quot;,&quot;linkableTitle&quot;:&quot;\&quot;Islamic\&quot;&quot;} "Islamic" [ edit ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-Marccarran-20230530202700","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-\"Islamic\"-20230530202700","replies":["c-Marccarran-20230530202700-\"Islamic\""]}} __DTLATESTCOMMENTTHREAD__{"id":"c-Marccarran-20230530202700-\"Islamic\"","timestamp":"20230530202700"}__ __DTCOMMENTCOUNT__1__ __DTAUTHORCOUNT__1__ __DTSUBSCRIBEBUTTONMOBILE__{&quot;headingLevel&quot;:2,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;h-Marccarran-20230530202700&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;heading&quot;,&quot;level&quot;:0,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;h-\&quot;Islamic\&quot;-20230530202700&quot;,&quot;replies&quot;:[&quot;c-Marccarran-20230530202700-\&quot;Islamic\&quot;&quot;],&quot;text&quot;:&quot;\&quot;Islamic\&quot;&quot;,&quot;linkableTitle&quot;:&quot;\&quot;Islamic\&quot;&quot;} Once again, Wikipedia fails to recognise what the source of Islam is. The source of "Islam" is the Quran, nothing else. So, for someone to label these things as "Islamic" you must provide a source from the Quran where these garments are mentioned, which they are not. There's no such thing as "Islamic" clothing, it is all about the fit of the garment which classifies it as acceptable to Islam. Just because a majority of people, who classify themselves as Muslim, start wearing a particular item of clothing, it doesn't make it Islamic. — Preceding unsigned (/wiki/Wikipedia:Signatures) comment added by Marccarran (/w/index.php?title=User:Marccarran&action=edit&redlink=1) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:Marccarran#top) • contribs (/wiki/Special:Contributions/Marccarran) ) 20:27, 30 May 2023 (UTC) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Islamic_female_dress#c-Marccarran-20230530202700-"Islamic") [ reply ] __DTELLIPSISBUTTON__{"threadItem":{"timestamp":"20230530202700","author":"Marccarran","type":"comment","level":1,"id":"c-Marccarran-20230530202700-\"Islamic\"","replies":[]}} NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐cf698d9cf‐57f64 Cached time: 20240717223300 Cache expiry: 864000 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] DiscussionTools time usage: 0.015 seconds CPU time usage: 0.190 seconds Real time usage: 0.249 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 541/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 21722/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 16/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 16123/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.122/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2040992/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 185.715 1 Template:WikiProject_Banner_Shell 100.00% 185.715 1 -total 45.50% 84.500 1 Template:WikiProject_Fashion 11.83% 21.971 1 Template:WikiProject_Islam 6.15% 11.414 1 Template:WikiProject_Women 1.89% 3.504 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:24492836-0!canonical and timestamp 20240717223300 and revision id 1175589248. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Islamic_female_dress&oldid=1175589248 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Islamic_female_dress&oldid=1175589248) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Template-Class fashion articles (/wiki/Category:Template-Class_fashion_articles) NA-importance fashion articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_fashion_articles) Template-Class Islam-related articles (/wiki/Category:Template-Class_Islam-related_articles) NA-importance Islam-related articles (/wiki/Category:NA-importance_Islam-related_articles) WikiProject Islam articles (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_Islam_articles) Template-Class WikiProject Women articles (/wiki/Category:Template-Class_WikiProject_Women_articles) All WikiProject Women-related pages (/wiki/Category:All_WikiProject_Women-related_pages) WikiProject Women articles (/wiki/Category:WikiProject_Women_articles)
Australian fashion retail company Universal Store Holdings Limited Universal Store in the Perth CBD Company type Public (/wiki/Public_company) Traded as (/wiki/Ticker_symbol) ASX (/wiki/Australian_Securities_Exchange) : UNI (https://www2.asx.com.au/markets/company/UNI) Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) retail (/wiki/Retail) Founded 1999 ; 25 years ago ( 1999 ) Founders Greg Josephson Michael Josephson Headquarters Brisbane , Australia Key people Alice Barbery (CEO) Website universalstore (https://universalstore.com/) .com (https://universalstore.com/) Universal Store Holdings Limited is an Australian fashion retail company. It operates stores under the Universal Store, Thrills and Perfect Stranger names. The company was founded in 1999 by brothers Greg and Michael Josephson. It was purchased by private equity investors in 2018 before going public on the ASX in 2020. As of 30 June 2023 [update] (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Store&action=edit) , there are 77 Universal stores, 8 Perfect Stranger stores and 10 Thrills stores around Australia. [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) History [ edit ] Universal Store was founded in 1999 by brothers Greg and Michael Josephson. They opened their first store in the Brisbane suburb of Carindale (/wiki/Carindale,_Queensland) . [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) In 2018, the business was purchased by a consortium of three private equity investors for an estimated $100 million. [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) The company floated on the Australian Securities Exchange (/wiki/Australian_Securities_Exchange) (ASX) on 17 November 2020. [3] (#cite_note-3) In September 2022, Universal Store acquired Cheap Thrills Cycles – the company behind the brand Thrills – for $50 million. [4] (#cite_note-:3-4) Stores [ edit ] Universal Store [ edit ] Universal Store sells clothing aimed at 15–34 year olds. It stocks products from brands such as Herschel (/wiki/Herschel_Supply_Co.) , Wrangler (/wiki/Wrangler_(brand)) , Converse (/wiki/Converse_(brand)) , Abrand and Kiss Chacey. It also sells its own private label (/wiki/Private_label) brands which include Perfect Stranger, Luck & Trouble, Common Need and Token. [5] (#cite_note-5) As of 30 June 2023 [update] (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Store&action=edit) , there are 77 Universal stores. [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) Perfect Stranger [ edit ] Womenswear brand. As of 30 June 2023 [update] (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Store&action=edit) , there are 8 Perfect Stranger stores. [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) Thrills [ edit ] Thrills was founded in 2011 by Brooke McGregor, Tabitha McGregor and Ryan Collins. [6] (#cite_note-:2-6) The brand sells vintage-inspired apparel with a focus on sustainable fabrics and production. [6] (#cite_note-:2-6) The company started as a vintage motorcycle import business but the popularity of their first T-shirt collection led them to shift to fashion. [7] (#cite_note-:4-7) The company's first retail store was opened in 2014 in Byron Bay (/wiki/Byron_Bay) . [8] (#cite_note-8) In 2020, the company expanded to Japan with a store in Tokyo and in 2021 the brand was made available through stockists in the United States. [7] (#cite_note-:4-7) Thrills was acquired by Universal Store in September 2022. [4] (#cite_note-:3-4) As of 30 June 2023 [update] (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Universal_Store&action=edit) , there are 10 Thrills stores. [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) See also [ edit ] Australia portal (/wiki/Portal:Australia) Companies portal (/wiki/Portal:Companies) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d "FY23 Results Presentation" (https://investors.universalstore.com/DownloadFile.axd?file=/Report/ComNews/20230824/02701511.pdf) (PDF) . Universal Store Holdings Ltd . 24 August 2023. p. 6 . Retrieved 30 August 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Universal Store taken over for $100m" (https://www.businessnewsaustralia.com/articles/universal-store-taken-over-for--100m.html) . Business News Australia . 28 September 2018 . Retrieved 30 August 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Powell, Dominic (17 November 2020). "Universal Store still keen on physical stores as shares soar on ASX debut" (https://www.smh.com.au/business/companies/universal-store-still-keen-on-physical-stores-as-shares-soar-on-asx-debut-20201117-p56f8i.html) . The Sydney Morning Herald . Retrieved 30 August 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b Pattabiraman, Rakshnna (27 September 2022). "Byron Bay fashion brand Thrills sold for $50 million" (https://insideretail.com.au/sectors/byron-bay-fashion-brand-thrills-sold-for-50-million-202209) . Inside Retail . Retrieved 30 August 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Mitchell, Sue (24 September 2018). "Universal Store in $100m private equity-backed management buyout" (https://www.afr.com/companies/retail/universal-store-in-100m-privateequity-backed-management-buyout-20180924-h15sf6) . Australian Financial Review . Retrieved 30 August 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b Robin, Jo (21 September 2020). "The Newest Collection From Byron Bay Streetwear Label Thrills Is Its Most Sustainable Yet" (https://www.broadsheet.com.au/national/fashion/article/newest-collection-byron-bay-streetwear-label-thrills-its-most-sustainable-yet) . Broadsheet . Retrieved 30 August 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b "10 moments from 10 years: Thrills celebrates decade in business" (https://www.ragtrader.com.au/news/10-moments-from-10-years-thrills-celebrates-decade-in-business) . Ragtrader . 22 March 2021 . Retrieved 31 August 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) McDonnell, Josh (15 March 2017). "Thrills: "if we don't have it we don't spend it" (https://www.ragtrader.com.au/business/thrills-if-we-don-t-have-it-we-don-t-spend-it) " (https://www.ragtrader.com.au/business/thrills-if-we-don-t-have-it-we-don-t-spend-it) . Ragtrader . Retrieved 31 August 2023 . External links [ edit ] Universal Store website (https://www.universalstore.com/) Perfect Stranger website (https://www.perfectstranger.com.au/) Thrills website (https://thrills.co/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5486b6fcc7‐gngsx Cached time: 20240701012509 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.321 seconds Real time usage: 0.433 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3154/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 35639/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4462/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 22/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 34605/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.184/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6566561/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 395.956 1 -total 31.51% 124.761 1 Template:Reflist 30.42% 120.455 1 Template:Infobox_company 27.83% 110.193 1 Template:Infobox 27.26% 107.947 8 Template:Cite_web 18.70% 74.041 1 Template:Short_description 11.47% 45.397 2 Template:Pagetype 6.15% 24.353 1 Template:Portal 5.59% 22.121 4 Template:As_of 5.05% 20.004 13 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:63840597-0!canonical and timestamp 20240701012509 and revision id 1187413617. 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Submission declined on 13 May 2024 by CanonNi (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:CanonNi) ( talk (/wiki/User_talk:CanonNi) ). This submission appears to read more like an advertisement (/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam#Advertisements_masquerading_as_articles) than an entry in an encyclopedia. Encyclopedia articles need to be written from a neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) , and should refer to a range of independent, reliable, published sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) , not just to materials produced by the creator of the subject being discussed. This is important so that the article can meet Wikipedia's verifiability policy (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) and the notability (/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability) of the subject can be established. If you still feel that this subject is worthy of inclusion in Wikipedia, please rewrite your submission to comply with these policies. If you would like to continue working on the submission, click on the "Edit" tab at the top of the window. If you have not resolved the issues listed above, your draft will be declined again and potentially deleted. If you need extra help, please ask us a question at the AfC Help Desk or get live help (/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC_help_disclaimer) from experienced editors. Please do not remove reviewer comments or this notice until the submission is accepted. Where to get help If you need help editing or submitting your draft , please ask us a question at the AfC Help Desk or get live help (/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC_help_disclaimer) from experienced editors. These venues are only for help with editing and the submission process, not to get reviews. If you need feedback on your draft , or if the review is taking a lot of time, you can try asking for help on the talk page (/wiki/Help:Talk_pages) of a relevant WikiProject (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject#Finding_a_project) . 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Add tags to your draft Editor resources Find sources: Google (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22HKN+studio%22) ( books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22HKN+studio%22+-wikipedia) · news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22HKN+studio%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22HKN+studio%22) · free images (https://www.google.com/search?safe=off&tbs=sur:fmc&tbm=isch&q=%22HKN+studio%22+-site:wikipedia.org+-site:wikimedia.org) · WP refs (https://www.google.com/custom?hl=en&cx=007734830908295939403%3Agalkqgoksq0&cof=FORID%3A13%3BAH%3Aleft%3BCX%3AWikipedia%2520Reference%2520Search&q=%22HKN+studio%22) ) · FENS (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22HKN+studio%22&acc=on&wc=on) · TWL (https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/search/?q=%22HKN+studio%22) Easy tools : Citation bot (https://citations.toolforge.org/process_page.php?edit=automated_tools&slow=1&page=Draft:HKN_studio) ( help (/wiki/User:Citation_bot/use) ) | Advanced: Fix bare URLs (https://tools.wmflabs.org/refill/result.php?page=Draft:HKN_studio&defaults=y) Declined by CanonNi (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:CanonNi) 2 months ago. Last edited by Auric (/wiki/User:Auric) 2 months ago. Reviewer: Inform author (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Textile_and_art&action=edit&editintro=Template:AfC_submission/user_talk_editintro_declined&preload=Template:AfC_submission/user_talk_preload_declined&preloadtitle=Your+submission+at+%5B%5BWP%3AAfC%7CArticles+for+creation%5D%5D&section=new) . Resubmit Please note that if the issues are not fixed, the draft will be declined again. textile and fashion studio [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) --- HKN Studio [ edit ] HKN Studio is a creative enterprise founded by textile and photography creator Ravid Haken. Specializing in innovative knitting techniques and modern textile design, HKN Studio has gained recognition for its unique approach to blending traditional craftsmanship with contemporary artistry. History [ edit ] Ravid Haken, a graduate of Shenkar College of Engineering, Design, and Art, established HKN Studio as a platform to explore the expressive potential of knitting and textile art. With over 14 years of experience in the field, Haken's work reflects a deep commitment to craftsmanship and experimentation. Approach [ edit ] At HKN Studio, knitting is a primary medium for self-expression and artistic exploration. Haken's work is characterized by its modern, surrealistic, and amorphous aesthetic, often breaking away from conventional textile-making practices. Drawing inspiration from diverse sources, including nature, culture, and technology, HKN Studio's creations push the boundaries of traditional knitting techniques. Recognition and Exhibitions [ edit ] Since its inception, HKN Studio's work has garnered international recognition and has been featured in various publications and exhibitions. Notable exhibitions include "Costume Party" at the Edmond de Rothschild Center, "Milan Design Week" at the Israeli Design Showroom, and "No Rainbows Without Rain" salon exhibition at 1-135 Gallery, among others. Press Coverage [ edit ] HKN Studio's innovative approach to textile design has been highlighted in publications such as FUCKING YOUNG!, DAZED, PAPER Mag, and VOGUE, among others. Their work has been praised for its creativity, craftsmanship, and contribution to the field of contemporary textile art. External Links [ edit ] Official website (https://www.hknstudio.com/) HKN studio (https://www.instagram.com/hkn_studio_/) on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram_(identifier)) Articles (https://www.papermag.com/hkn-ravid-crochet-lingerie) – Knitwear designers (https://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/gallery/29193/4/knitwear-designers) – Vogue (https://www.vogue.com/article/ravid-haken-male-lingerie-designer-crochet) – Pnpplzine (https://pnpplzine.com/index.php/2022/12/07/ravid-haken) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Five subversive designers spicing up knitwear" (https://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/51048/1/five-knitwear-designers-sexy-knit-underwear-rui-zhou-solange-lou-de-betoly) . Dazed . November 11, 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-2) Nast, Condé (August 17, 2020). "This Designer Is Making Crochet Lingerie for Men" (https://www.vogue.com/article/ravid-haken-male-lingerie-designer-crochet) . Vogue . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "HKN by Ravid Haken Designs Custom Crochet Lingerie - PAPER Magazine" (https://www.papermag.com/hkn-ravid-crochet-lingerie) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "HOME" (https://www.hknstudio.com/) . HKN_studio . 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(Redirected from Climate Dress (/w/index.php?title=Climate_Dress&redirect=no) ) This article contains content that is written like an advertisement (/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_soapbox_or_means_of_promotion) . Please help improve it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diffus_Design&action=edit) by removing promotional content (/wiki/Wikipedia:Spam) and inappropriate external links (/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links#Advertising_and_conflicts_of_interest) , and by adding encyclopedic content written from a neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) . ( March 2020 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Diffus Design Company type Private (/wiki/Private_company) Founded 2004 Founder Michel Guglielmi Hanne-Louise Johannesen Headquarters Copenhagen (/wiki/Copenhagen) , Denmark (/wiki/Denmark) Website www.diffus.dk (http://www.diffus.dk) Diffus Design is a design and consultancy company based in Copenhagen (/wiki/Copenhagen) , Denmark (/wiki/Denmark) . It was founded in 2004 by Michel Guglielmi and Hanne-Louise Johannesen as a creative partnership. The Diffus Design team works with theoretical and practical approaches toward art, design, architecture, and new media. The company creates new products with the help of sensor technology merged with traditional materials and craft (/wiki/Craft) . It focuses on design and uses intelligent textiles (/wiki/E-textiles) , wearable technology (/wiki/Wearable_technology) , tangible interfaces (/wiki/Tangible_user_interface) , composite materials (/wiki/Composite_materials) , and interactive installations. Diffus Design is in a close working relationship with other organizations such as Forster Rohner, Inntex, and Alexandra Instituttet [1] (#cite_note-Ecouterre-1) as well as Delft University of Technology (/wiki/Delft_University_of_Technology) ). [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) Diffus Design also undertakes consultancy and research in the fields of interactive design, intelligent textiles, and architecture, as well as product design for global clients within a wide array of industries ranging from industrial production to fashion and infrastructure planning. [4] (#cite_note-4) The company works in partnership with two European Union (/wiki/European_Union) research projects, The CREATIF and Light.Touch.Matters. Selected projects [ edit ] The CREATIF [ edit ] The CREATIF project is based on the use of smart fabrics (/wiki/Smart_fabrics) . The aim of the project is to design and develop software and a smart fabric printer that can print electronic materials containing inks with interactive capabilities. The consortium consists of three creative partners (Diffus Design, Base Structures, and Zaha Hadid Architects (/wiki/Zaha_Hadid_Architects) [5] (#cite_note-designweek-5) ) and four technical and research-based partners ( University of Southampton (/wiki/University_of_Southampton) , Institut für Textiltechnik Aachen, Grafixoft, and Ardeje). Light.Touch.Matters [ edit ] Light.Touch.Matters (LTM) is a cooperation between product designers, material scientists, and industry. LTM plans to create smart materials that can sense touch and movement, and respond with light. The base technologies for the LTM. project are piezo plastics and flexible OLEDs (/wiki/OLEDs) . [6] (#cite_note-PRW-6) The consortium consists of 17 partners from 9 EU countries. The Climate Dress [ edit ] The Climate Dress was designed in 2009 in collaboration with the Swiss embroidery company Forster-Rohner, the Alexandra Institute (/wiki/Alexandria_institute_of_technology) , and the Danish School of Design (/wiki/Danmarks_Designskole) . [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-Fashioning_Tech-8) It is laced with hundreds of LEDs (/wiki/LEDs) that respond to the level of carbon dioxide (/wiki/Carbon_dioxide) in the nearby surroundings and are powered through the conductive embroidery by an Arduino Lily (/wiki/Leah_Buechley) pad microprocessor and a carbon dioxide detector, resulting in patterns that range from slow pulses to rapid flashes depending on the concentration of CO 2 . [9] (#cite_note-usatoday.com-9) [10] (#cite_note-The_Creators_project-10) The Climate Dress does not rely on wiring, soldering, or crimping, which is often the case with smart textile (/wiki/E-textiles) products. All functional elements are blended into the embroidery and exposed to the viewer. [11] (#cite_note-11) Solar Handbag [ edit ] The Solar Handbag was designed in 2011 in collaboration with the Alexandra Institute and Center for Software Innovation. [12] (#cite_note-techfieber-12) [13] (#cite_note-ReferenceA-13) It has 100 silicon solar cells that collect daytime sunlight and thus generate two watts of usable energy enough to charge a mobile device. [12] (#cite_note-techfieber-12) [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) The handbag also features a set of interior optical fibers (/wiki/Optical_fibers) that glow to assist the user in their search for objects in the handbag. [16] (#cite_note-16) The solar cells (/wiki/Solar_cell) have been woven into conductive embroidery on the exterior surface of the handbag, which transmits the harvested energy into a rechargeable lithium-ion battery (/wiki/Lithium-ion_battery) . [17] (#cite_note-17) These components were developed through a joint research effort between Forster Rohner AG and the University of Applied Science Rapperswil (/wiki/Rapperswil) and the NTB Interstate University of Applied Sciences of Technology, Buchs (/wiki/Buchs,_St._Gallen) , Switzerland. [ citation needed ] Wall (E)Motion [ edit ] This section is empty. You can help by adding to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diffus_Design&action=edit&section=) . ( June 2023 ) Exhibitions [ edit ] 2010: Expo 2010 Shanghai, China (/wiki/Expo_2010_Shanghai,_China) 2009: Cop 15 Climate Summit (/wiki/2009_United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference) , The Climate Dress displayed at the "Health Environment Climate" exhibition References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-Ecouterre_1-0) Malik Chua, Jasmin (27 July 2011). "Solar powered wearables guaranteed to give you a charge" (http://www.techfieber.de/green/2011/10/12/diffus-design-power-aus-der-schultertasche/) . Ecouterre . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Schoeser, Mary, Textiles: The Art of mankind, Publisher: Thames and Hudson, 2012 ^ (#cite_ref-3) Buechley, Leah, Textile Messages: Dispatches From the World of E-Textiles and Education, Publisher: Peter Lang Publishing, 2013 ^ (#cite_ref-4) Goldsmith, Sara Vitamin Green, Phaidon Press, 2012 ^ (#cite_ref-designweek_5-0) Banks,Tom "Zaha Hadid joins EU-backed ‘smart fabrics’ research team" (http://www.designweek.co.uk/news/zaha-hadid-joins-eu-backed-smart-fabrics-research-team/3037507.article?cmptype=Philips%20reveals%20new%20logo%20bit-by-bit,%20The%20Plant%20brands%20new%20Foxlow%20restaurant,%20Zaha%20Hadid%20investigates%20%27smart%20fabrics%27%20and%20more%E2%80%A6) , Designweek, 12 November 2013 ^ (#cite_ref-PRW_6-0) European Plastics News Staff "EU funding for piezo-electric project" (http://m.prw.com/story.html?id=2948) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20131202223807/http://m.prw.com/story.html?id=2948) 2 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , PRW , 7 June 2013 ^ (#cite_ref-7) Schoeser, Mary, Textiles: The Art of mankind, Publisher: Thames and Hudson, 2012 ^ (#cite_ref-Fashioning_Tech_8-0) Pakhchyan, Syuzi "CO2 Dress — A Beautiful Pollution Sensing Dress" (http://www.fashioningtech.com/profiles/blogs/c02-dress-a-beautiful) , Fashioning Tech , December 16, 2009 ^ (#cite_ref-usatoday.com_9-0) Koch, Wendy LED "climate" dress monitors greenhouse gases (http://content.usatoday.com/communities/greenhouse/post/2009/12/led-climate-dress-monitors-greenhouse-gases/1?loc=interstitialskip#.UoN1GSdIXbM/) , usatoday.com , December 30, 2009 ^ (#cite_ref-The_Creators_project_10-0) Kim,Sara "Ready-To-Wear Milestones At The Fashion Institute of Technology" (http://thecreatorsproject.vice.com/blog/ready-to-wear-milestones-at-the-fashion-institute-of-technology/) , The Creators project , April 16, 2013 ^ (#cite_ref-11) Buechley, Leah, Textile Messages: Dispatches From the World of E-Textiles and Education, Publisher: Peter Lang Publishing, 2013 ^ a b Jirmann Von Dieter “Diffus Design: Solar power aus der Handtasche” (http://www.techfieber.de/green/2011/10/12/diffus-design-power-aus-der-schultertasche/) , Techfieber , October 12, 2011 ^ (#cite_ref-ReferenceA_13-0) Goldsmith, Sara Vitamin Green, Phaidon Press, 2012 ^ (#cite_ref-14) “La lumière est dans le sac” (https://web.archive.org/web/20131103151722/http://www.intramuros.fr/news_focus_intramuros_magazine.php?insertidnews=2872&lang=2&PHPSESSID=fa1ebe2290373da6628dba5205cc9276) , Intramuros Design Magazine . Issue: #156, October 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-15) “Diffus Chic Solar-Power Bag Flaunts Its Photovoltaic Panels” (http://inhabitat.com/diffus%E2%80%99-chic-solar-power-bag-flaunts-its-photovoltaic-panels/) , Inhabitat . Issue: #Issue: May 22, 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-16) Schoeser, Mary, Textiles: The Art of mankind, Publisher: Thames and Hudson, 2012 ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Diffus Solar Handbag Uses Solar Panels For Design" (https://www.coolthings.com/diffus-solar-handbag-uses-solar-panels-for-design/) . CoolThings . 26 May 2011 . Retrieved 19 August 2020 . 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Austrian fashion industry entrepreneur This article is an orphan (/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan) , as no other articles link to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=Carmen_Haid&namespace=0) . Please introduce links (/wiki/Help:Link) to this page from related articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=Carmen+Haid&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=Carmen+Haid) ; try the Find link tool (https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=Carmen_Haid) for suggestions. ( January 2016 ) Carmen Haid (born 1974) is an Austrian fashion industry and lifestyle entrepreneur [1] (#cite_note-1) and the founder of Atelier-Mayer.com. [2] (#cite_note-2) Education [ edit ] Haid received her education at London College of Fashion (/wiki/London_College_of_Fashion) (BA HONS Fashion Management). Career [ edit ] In 1997 - 2008 Carmen was employed as an in-house communications executive at Yves Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(brand)) [3] (#cite_note-3) Céline (/wiki/C%C3%A9line) and Tommy Hilfiger (/wiki/Tommy_Hilfiger) [4] (#cite_note-4) with a stint at British Vogue in 2001. In 2008 she launched Atelier-Mayer.com, a website for vintage luxury fashion and accessories, [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) in collaboration with designers Rafael Lopez, Jaques Fath and by Walid. [7] (#cite_note-7) The company closed its doors in 2015. [8] (#cite_note-8) In 2009 she was nominated for the Entrepreneur of the Year, Grazia 02 Awards, for Best Design, Veranda Awards USA, and for Best Vintage Website for the first online Fashion Awards, [9] (#cite_note-9) Handbag.com. In 2010 she was named as Best Emerging Brand and Retailer for the WGSN Global Fashion Awards. In 2011 she won the Future 100 Awards, as well as the Wallpaper Design Award for Best Hotel Service. In 2011 Haid launched a bi-annual limited edition print publication [10] (#cite_note-10) as well as a supplement to Vanity Fair (/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)) that was stocked in Dover Street Market London, Colette Paris and Ginette Beirut. In 2022 Haid re-launched Atelier Mayer in a new format, with an online platform focussing on vintage objects, furniture and lifestyle, offering interior services and a by appointment only showroom in Marrakech. Books [ edit ] The Fashion Handbook by Tim Jackson & David Shaw, 2006 Jackson, Tim and Haid, Carmen (2002) Gucci Group: The New family of Luxury Brands, A Case Study . International Journal of New Product Development and Innovation Management, 4 (2). pp. 161–172. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1540-5885 (https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1540-5885) Contemporary Fashion Stylists by Luanne Mclean, Sep 2012 ’Irma’s World - Stilvoll in allen Lebenslagen’ by Jasmin Kherzi, Callwey, 2023 ’Narrative Thread - Conversations on Fashion Collections’ by Mark O’Flaherty, Bloomsbury, 2023 References [ edit ] [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) [Souk chic meets Barbarella in Marrakech Financial Times 17 April 2022] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Kaftans bring glamour to holiday wardrobes" (https://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/2/babbdcba-090d-11e4-8d27-00144feab7de.html) . Financial Times , By Harriet Quick ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Jet set for the future" (https://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/2/26178720-f5b5-11e1-a6bb-00144feabdc0.html) . Style By Mark C O’Flaherty ^ (#cite_ref-3) Carmen Haid: Director of Atelier-Mayer.com – Luxury Society – Spotlight (http://luxurysociety.com/articles/2010/04/carmen-haid-director-of-atelier-mayercom) ^ (#cite_ref-4) "The Fashion Trail | 36 Hours in Qatar" (http://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/global-currents/the-fashion-trail-36-hours-in-qatar) . Business of Fashion . ^ (#cite_ref-5) ATELIER-MAYER.COM launch (Vogue.com UK) (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2009/01/16/atelier-mayer-vintage-website-launch) ^ (#cite_ref-6) It's vintage darling! Out with the new, in with the old – ES Magazine – Life & Style – London Evening Standard (http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/lifestyle/esmagazine/its-vintage-darling-out-with-the-new-in-with-the-old-6441758.html) ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Vintage at Goodwood: retro chic comes of age" (http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/article/TMG7937296/Vintage-at-Goodwood-retro-chic-comes-of-age.html) [ dead link ] . Telegraph , BY Molly Gunn | 11 August 2010 ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Vintage Etailer Atelier-Mayer Closes" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2014/04/17/atelier-mayer-closes-vintage-shopping-site) . Vogue , 17 April 2014 Lauren Milligan , ^ (#cite_ref-9) ISBN Magazine — Carmen Haid (http://www.isbn-magazine.com/publications/rene_gruau/carmen-haid/index.html) ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Book Reviews" (http://www.jointhestylehighclub.com/category/culture/book-reviews/) . Style High Club . ^ (#cite_ref-11) The Fashion Handbook – Google Books (https://books.google.com/books?id=4SGdH-e2KrwC&dq=carmen+haid&pg=PR5) ^ (#cite_ref-12) More collectable than the crown jewels – FT.com (https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/20cf34f8-ee76-11e0-a2ed-00144feab49a.html) [1] (https://medium.com/bastet-noir/cool-faces-of-bastet-noir-meet-carmen-haid-owner-of-atelier-mayer-55e9a5e53d53) External links [ edit ] The Hill Resident – December 2011 digital edition (http://edition.pagesuite-professional.co.uk/launch.aspx?referral=other&pnum=62&refresh=K0r69jD1dP07&EID=fe614fb7-e5a5-46a5-b52b-ec234b7cd78c&skip=&p=62) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐c4df98467‐hv5pm Cached time: 20240711140622 Cache expiry: 1763619 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.165 seconds Real time usage: 0.237 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 840/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 11054/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2779/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 10312/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.081/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1775400/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 214.311 1 -total 31.80% 68.146 1 Template:Short_description 27.15% 58.179 1 Template:Orphan 26.34% 56.459 1 Template:ISSN 24.52% 52.545 1 Template:Draft_other 23.65% 50.678 1 Template:Ambox 19.10% 40.931 2 Template:Pagetype 17.33% 37.135 1 Template:Catalog_lookup_link 12.07% 25.876 1 Template:Reflist 7.41% 15.889 6 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:36334572-0!canonical and timestamp 20240711140622 and revision id 1180948632. 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American fashion designer Not to be confused with Karen Kain (/wiki/Karen_Kain) . Karen Kane Born Barberton, Ohio (/wiki/Barberton,_Ohio) , United States Nationality American Education Santa Barbara High School (/wiki/Santa_Barbara_High_School) Fashion Institute of Design & Merchandising (/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Design_%26_Merchandising) Occupation Fashion designer Labels Karen Kane Robert Michaels Karen by Karen Kane Red 23 Fifteen Twenty Spouse Lonnie Kane (since 1979) [1] (#cite_note-1) Children Michael Kane [2] (#cite_note-2) Robert Kane Awards 2014 LA Business Journal Southern California Apparel Award Finalist [ citation needed ] 2012 LA Business Journal Women Making a Difference Award Nominee [ citation needed ] 2006 Dallas Fashion Award for Modernwear Designer of the Year [3] (#cite_note-3) 1995 Fashion Industries Guild nomination for California Designer of the Year [ citation needed ] Website http://www.karenkane.com (http://www.karenkane.com) Karen Kane is an American fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) . Her designs are known for their relaxed, California-inspired feeling. [4] (#cite_note-4) Biography [ edit ] Kane was born in the Akron (/wiki/Akron,_Ohio) suburb Barberton, Ohio (/wiki/Barberton,_Ohio) , the youngest of three children. [5] (#cite_note-5) At the age of 9, her family moved from Ohio to Santa Barbara, California (/wiki/Santa_Barbara,_California) , where she grew up sewing and taking as many fashion-related classes as possible. [6] (#cite_note-6) Karen Kane started her career in fashion when she graduated from the Fashion Institute of Design & Merchandising (/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Design_%26_Merchandising) in Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) at the age of 19. Her first job was as a pattern maker at a junior sportswear company. It was there that she met her husband and future business partner, Lonnie. [7] (#cite_note-7) In 1979, Karen and Lonnie married and launched the Karen Kane womenswear collection out of their Studio City (/wiki/Studio_City,_Los_Angeles) garage. [8] (#cite_note-8) Initially, the brand was sold only at smaller specialty stores, but as the line expanded, it was picked up by department stores such as Bloomingdales (/wiki/Bloomingdales) , Nordstrom (/wiki/Nordstrom) , Dillard’s (/wiki/Dillard%E2%80%99s) , Belk (/wiki/Belk) , and Von Maur (/wiki/Von_Maur) , online retailers like Zappos (/wiki/Zappos) , Gwynnie Bee, Lord & Taylor (/wiki/Lord_%26_Taylor) , Wolf & Badger (/wiki/Wolf_%26_Badger) , and large national specialty stores. In 2012, Karen Kane was invited to the White House (/wiki/White_House) to attend US President Barack Obama (/wiki/Barack_Obama) 's " Insourcing (/wiki/Insourcing) American Jobs" summit and later that year, US Trade Representative Demetrios Marantis (/wiki/Demetrios_Marantis) toured Kane's headquarters in California to learn more about the challenges of domestically manufacturing apparel in the United States. [9] (#cite_note-9) In 2011, 80% of Kane’s line was made in the United States and 20% was imported from other countries. [10] (#cite_note-10) In Spring 2012, that percentage increased to 90%. [11] (#cite_note-11) As of Fall 2013, Kane continued to manufacture most of her collection in the United States (primarily in Southern California). [12] (#cite_note-12) In 2008, Karen Kane launched Fifteen Twenty, a collection of assorted separates primarily made of silk. The brand has been worn by celebrities such as Reese Witherspoon, [13] (#cite_note-13) Jessica Biel, [14] (#cite_note-14) Carrie Underwood, [15] (#cite_note-15) Jessica Alba, [16] (#cite_note-16) Rosie Huntington-Whiteley, [17] (#cite_note-17) and others. In 2011, Kane introduced a casual complement to her Fifteen Twenty line entitled Red 23. “The line of T-shirts, tank tops, sweaters, jackets and scarves in neutral colors…will be carried by high-end specialty stores (/wiki/Specialty_store) .” [18] (#cite_note-18) In 2015, Red 23 was absorbed into Fifteen Twenty to broaden the main brand into a larger collection. Today, Fifteen Twenty is a full collection of tops, jackets, dresses, skirts, and pants, and is sold in high-end specialty stores and online boutiques such as Nordstrom (/wiki/Nordstrom) and Rent The Runway (/wiki/Rent_The_Runway) . In 2013, Kane selected IMG (company) (/wiki/IMG_(company)) to represent the brand in developing licensed products. [19] (#cite_note-19) During the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) , Kane's company temporarily shifted production from manufacturing clothing to making face covers for medical workers, nursing homes, first responders, and other at-risk individuals. [20] (#cite_note-20) Company [ edit ] Kane's clothing is most well known for having an easy, relaxed style that is reflective of her native California (/wiki/California) . [21] (#cite_note-21) In 2020, Kane's company earned B Corporation (certification) (/wiki/B_Corporation_(certification)) . [22] (#cite_note-22) Kane is privately owned and family operated. [23] (#cite_note-23) In addition to sizes XS-XL, the brand also produces a plus size division of the lifestyle collection entitled Karen Kane Women’s, as well as petite sizes. In 2013, Kane added a sixth division to her company: Robert Michaels. Named for her two sons (Michael [24] (#cite_note-24) & Robert), the collection consists of knit dresses, tops, and sweaters, and is sold exclusively at Bloomingdale's (/wiki/Bloomingdale%27s) . [25] (#cite_note-25) Karen Kane photographed with her family in her office, April 2021 Kane's husband, Lonnie, currently serves as the Chairman of the California Fashion Association. [26] (#cite_note-26) Since its inception, Kane's business has always been family-run. Her parents, Olga and Frank, were the company's first accounting and facilities employees. Lonnie's mother, Cecelia, worked in customer service and eventually handled employee benefits. [27] (#cite_note-27) Karen and Lonnie's older son, Michael, serves as the company's other co-president. Their younger son, Robert, designed a line of t-shirts that appeared in the 'Karen by Karen Kane' summer collection. [28] (#cite_note-28) Personal life [ edit ] Karen Kane lives in Los Angeles with her husband, Lonnie, and runs her namesake clothing company out of Vernon, California (/wiki/Vernon,_California) . [29] (#cite_note-29) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Lonnie Kane" (http://www.laweekly.com/2008-08-14/la-vida/la-people-39-08-lonnie-kane/) . LA Weekly . Los Angeles. August 12, 2008. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Fashion Brand Spotlight: Michael Kane, Director of Marketing at Karen Kane" (http://www.prcouture.com/2013/01/31/fashion-brand-spotlight-michael-kane-director-of-marketing-at-karen-kane/) . PR Couture . Los Angeles. January 31, 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "And the winners are…" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120323102652/http://shoppingblog.dallasnews.com/archives/2006/10/and-the-winners-are-1.html) . Morning News . Dallas. October 30, 2006. Archived from the original (http://shoppingblog.dallasnews.com/archives/2006/10/and-the-winners-are-1.html) on March 23, 2012 . Retrieved August 24, 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Brand Spotlight: Karen Kane" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120331043856/http://belkblog.com/2011/07/20/karen-kane/) . Belk Blog . Charlotte. July 20, 2011. Archived from the original (http://belkblog.com/2011/07/20/karen-kane/) on March 31, 2012 . Retrieved August 24, 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Haute Secrets: Karen Kane - Haute Living" (http://hauteliving.com/2012/08/haute-secrets-karen-kane/304510/) . August 3, 2012 . Retrieved June 23, 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Karen Kane Designs the Hugely Successful Clothing Line That Bears Her Name" (https://archive.today/20120718111310/http://test.fidm.com/academics/majors/fashion-design/alumni/karen-kane/) . FIDM . Los Angeles. 1999. Archived from the original (http://test.fidm.com/academics/majors/fashion-design/alumni/karen-kane/) on July 18, 2012 . Retrieved August 24, 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Karen Kane" (http://www.aacc.nche.edu/About/Awards/oaa/Pages/kkane.aspx) . AACC . Los Angeles. 2000. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Fashion Design Profiles on Alumni, Faculty, and Students" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110817135650/http://fidm.edu/en/Majors/Fashion+Design/Stories) . FIDM Alumni Stories . Los Angeles. 2011. Archived from the original (http://fidm.edu/en/Majors/Fashion+Design/Stories/) on August 17, 2011 . Retrieved August 24, 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) " (https://web.archive.org/web/20131017104006/http://www.fashionweekdaily.com/the-fix/article/designers-make-sense-of-obama-admins-made-in-the-usa-campaign) 'Designers Discuss: The Obama Admin's "Made In The USA" Campaign' (https://web.archive.org/web/20131017104006/http://www.fashionweekdaily.com/the-fix/article/designers-make-sense-of-obama-admins-made-in-the-usa-campaign) " (https://web.archive.org/web/20131017104006/http://www.fashionweekdaily.com/the-fix/article/designers-make-sense-of-obama-admins-made-in-the-usa-campaign) . Fashion Week Daily . April 5, 2012. Archived from the original (http://www.fashionweekdaily.com/the-fix/article/designers-make-sense-of-obama-admins-made-in-the-usa-campaign) on October 17, 2013 . Retrieved October 17, 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Los Angeles firms bring apparel jobs home on cost concerns" (https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-apparel-manufacturing-idUSTRE7602DT20110701) . Reuters . July 1, 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-11) " (https://abc7.com/archive/8576132/) 'Made in America' trend hits LA apparel maker" (https://abc7.com/archive/8576132/) . ABC News . March 2, 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-12) " (https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2013/07/04/some-apparel-manufacturing-returns-to-us/2454075) 'Some apparel manufacturing 'reshoring' to USA' (https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2013/07/04/some-apparel-manufacturing-returns-to-us/2454075) " (https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2013/07/04/some-apparel-manufacturing-returns-to-us/2454075) . USA Today . July 3, 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Photos from Celebrity Fitness Stars" (http://www.eonline.com/photos/6515/celebrity-fitness-stars/452917) . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Jessica Biel's ruffled silk blouse" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120328105347/http://thegloss.com/culture/jessica-biels-ruffled-silk-blouse/) . thegloss.com . Archived from the original (http://thegloss.com/culture/jessica-biels-ruffled-silk-blouse/) on March 28, 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Shop Celebrity Style » Blog Archive » Carrie Underwood: Country Chic" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120331043859/http://shopcelebritystyle.com/?p=3027) . shopcelebritystyle.com . Archived from the original (http://shopcelebritystyle.com/?p=3027) on March 31, 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Jessica Alba wearing Fifteen-Twenty Grey Tunic Top" (http://www.celebritystyleguide.com/i-1-1-7417/celebrities/jessica-alba/fifteen-twenty-grey-tunic-top) . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Where Did the Content Go?" (http://www.whosay.com/articles/9743-ant-man-premiere-photos) . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Red 23: New Line from Karen Kane" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120326074454/http://www.apparelnews.net/uploads/PrintIssues/file_path/193_CAN040111_online.pdf) (PDF) . California Apparel News . Los Angeles. April 1–7, 2011. Archived from the original (http://www.apparelnews.net/uploads/PrintIssues/file_path/193_CAN040111_online.pdf) (PDF) on March 26, 2012 . Retrieved August 24, 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Karen Kane Selects IMG Licensing to Help Cultivate the Brand Beyond Successful Apparel Line" (https://online.wsj.com/article/PR-CO-20130610-906247.html) . Wall Street Journal . New York. June 10, 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-20) "CIT's Financial Support Helps Designers Create Protective Masks with Style" (https://finance.yahoo.com/news/cits-financial-support-helps-designers-150000183.html) . Yahoo!Finance . New York. April 7, 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Interview with Karen Kane" (http://youlookfab.com/2011/02/14/interview-with-karen-kane/) . YouLookFab . Seattle. February 14, 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-22) "CIT's Financial Support Helps Designers Create Protective Masks with Style" (https://bcorporation.net/directory/karen-kane) . B Corporation . Philadelphia. April 7, 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Q&A: Designer Karen Kane on style, balancing work and family" (http://www.azcentral.com/style/fashion/articles/2012/03/20/20120320karen-kane-designer-scottsdale-dillards-appearance.html) . The Arizona Republic . Phoenix. March 20, 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Fashion Brand Spotlight: Michael Kane, Director of Marketing at Karen Kane" (http://www.prcouture.com/2013/01/fashion-brand-spotlight-michael-kane-director-of-marketing-at-karen-kane/) . January 31, 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-25) " (http://www.labusinessjournal.com/news/2013/jul/15/homed/) 'Homed In' (http://www.labusinessjournal.com/news/2013/jul/15/homed/) " (http://www.labusinessjournal.com/news/2013/jul/15/homed/) . Los Angeles Business Journal . July 15, 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-26) "California Fashion Association" (http://www.calfashion.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=67) . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "How One L.A. Clothing Company Is Trying to Keep It All in the Family" (https://wwd.com/business-news/business-features/karen-kane-lonnie-apparel-company-next-generation-succession-1235399973/) . WWD . Los Angeles. October 24, 2022. ^ (#cite_ref-28) "Karen Kane the Family Business" (http://youlookfab.com/2011/06/28/karen-kane-the-family-business/) . YouLookFab . Seattle. June 28, 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-29) "Karen Kane, Inc.: Private Company Information - Businessweek" (https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=7823983) . www.bloomberg.com . Retrieved June 23, 2016 . 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Japanese lawsuit This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Prada_Female_Discrimination_Case) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Prada_Female_Discrimination_Case) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Some of this article's listed sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) may not be reliable (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) . Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed. ( February 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article relies excessively on references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) to primary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources) . 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Please do not remove this message until conditions to do so are met (/wiki/Template:POV#When_to_remove) . ( January 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone (/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Tone) used on Wikipedia . See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles (/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Tone) for suggestions. ( February 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) The Prada Female Discrimination Case was a lawsuit filed in Japan by former Prada employee Rina Bovrisse accusing Prada of sexual harassment and gender discrimination in the workplace. [1] (#cite_note-1) Prada denied all charges and countersued Bovrisse for defamation. [2] (#cite_note-2) In October 2012, Judge Reiko Morioka rejected all of Bovrisse's claims against Prada ruling that “the factual content of Bovrisse’s assertions that were based on gender discrimination and sexual harassment were not true and that there was no justifiable reason to believe such content to be true”. [3] (#cite_note-3) Background [ edit ] Rina Bovrisse graduated from Parsons The New School for Design (/wiki/Parsons_The_New_School_for_Design) and, during her 18-year fashion career, worked at some of the world's largest luxury fashion companies including Chanel (/wiki/Chanel) SA and Prada (/wiki/Prada) USA. She worked at offices in New York, London, Hawaii and Paris. [4] (#cite_note-Pesek-4) Prada (/wiki/Prada) Japan hired Bovrisse, a Japanese national, in April 2009 as Senior Retail Operations Manager, responsible for overseeing 500 employees and 42 stores in Japan, Guam, and Saipan. [5] (#cite_note-dailyfinance-5) Litigation [ edit ] On December 10, 2009, Bovrisse filed a complaint against Prada before an industrial tribunal, alleging sexual harassment (/wiki/Sexual_harassment) and discrimination (/wiki/Discrimination) against women, violating women's rights (/wiki/Women%27s_rights) in the workplace. [6] (#cite_note-japantimes.co.jp-6) On March 12, 2010, the judge declared that the parties had failed to settle, which would permit formal litigation to commence. [7] (#cite_note-dailyfinance.com-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) On March 19, 2010, Bovrisse filed a civil suit against Prada alleging violations of women's rights. [7] (#cite_note-dailyfinance.com-7) [6] (#cite_note-japantimes.co.jp-6) Prada countersued for damaging the company's image. [9] (#cite_note-9) The case was dismissed on October 26, 2012. [10] (#cite_note-10) Bovrisse, citing concerns of threats by the judge and suspicion of political intrigue, did not appeal this decision. Instead, she took her case to the United Nations. On April 30, 2013, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (/wiki/Office_of_the_United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights) published a counter-report, [11] (#cite_note-huffingtonpost.com-11) [12] (#cite_note-salon.com-12) [13] (#cite_note-buzzfeed.com-13) and on May 17, 2013, the United Nations Economic and Social Council (/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Council) released a statement to the Government of Japan (/wiki/Government_of_Japan) urging to introduce new regulations that would make sexual harassment (/wiki/Sexual_harassment) in the workplace illegal. [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) On May 15, 2010, a former Prada (/wiki/Prada) manager filed a civil lawsuit against Prada (/wiki/Prada) alleging violations of women's rights. [16] (#cite_note-bloomberg.com-16) [17] (#cite_note-ReferenceA-17) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Lauren Leibowitz (24 April 2013). "Prada Employee's Lawsuit Now Involves 'Discrimination,' Aid From UN" (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/24/prada-employee-lawsuit-discrimination-un_n_3147281.html) . The Huffington Post . Retrieved 8 January 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Minoru Matsutani (Aug 25, 2010). "Prada countersues plaintiff claiming harassment" (http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2010/08/25/national/prada-countersues-plaintiff-claiming-harassment/#.UsV6SzndGfQ) . The Japan Times . Retrieved 8 January 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Title Tokyo court dismisses Prada sexual harassment suit" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140219011633/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5ge0k33y-ahmBR5gLZkzdUP9zJerQ?docId=CNG.f4f71850fe2c24abe9f7a410b728edf7.691&hl=en) . AFP. October 27, 2012. Archived from the original (http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5ge0k33y-ahmBR5gLZkzdUP9zJerQ?docId=CNG.f4f71850fe2c24abe9f7a410b728edf7.691&hl=en) on February 19, 2014 . Retrieved 8 January 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Pesek_4-0) Pesek, William (9 September 2010). "Prada Wears Devil in Eyes of This 'Ugly' Woman: William Pesek" (http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-09-09/prada-wears-devil-in-eyes-of-this-ugly-woman-william-pesek.html) . Bloomberg . Retrieved 3 October 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-dailyfinance_5-0) Watson, Bruce (21 April 2010). "In Japan, the Prada 'Look' Comes with a Side Order of Discrimination" (http://www.dailyfinance.com/2010/04/21/in-japan-the-prada-look-comes-with-a-side-order-of-discrimina/) . Daily Finance . Retrieved 3 October 2013 . ^ Jump up to: a b Matsutani, Minoru (2010-03-12). "Prada accused of maltreatment" (http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2010/03/12/news/prada-accused-of-maltreatment/#.UsVzvzndGfQ) . The Japan Times . Retrieved 2014-02-14 . ^ Jump up to: a b Watson, Bruce. "In Japan, the Prada 'Look' Comes with a Side Order of Discrimination" (http://www.dailyfinance.com/2010/04/21/in-japan-the-prada-look-comes-with-a-side-order-of-discrimina/) . DailyFinance . Retrieved 2014-02-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Matsutani, Minoru (2010-03-14). "Prada, manager fail to come to settlement in harassment case" (http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2010/03/14/national/prada-manager-fail-to-come-to-settlement-in-harassment-case/) . The Japan Times . Retrieved 2014-02-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Matsutani, Minoru (2010-08-25). "Prada countersues plaintiff claiming harassment" (http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2010/08/25/national/prada-countersues-plaintiff-claiming-harassment/#.UsV6SzndGfQ) . The Japan Times . Retrieved 2014-02-15 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Matsutani, Minoru (October 27, 2012). "Axed manager's sexual harassment lawsuit against Prada Japan fails" (http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2012/10/27/national/axed-managers-sexual-harassment-lawsuit-against-prada-japan-fails/#.UsWpcjndGfQ) . The Japan Times . Retrieved 2014-02-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-huffingtonpost.com_11-0) "Prada Employee's Lawsuit Now Involves 'Discrimination,' Aid From UN" (http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/24/prada-employee-lawsuit-discrimination-un_n_3147281.html) . Huffington Post. 2013-04-24 . Retrieved 2014-02-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-salon.com_12-0) "Prada, suicide and sexual harassment: A whistle-blower speaks out" (http://www.salon.com/2013/11/14/prada_suicide_and_sexual_harassment_a_whistle_blower_speaks_out/) . Salon.com . 2013-11-14 . Retrieved 2014-02-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-buzzfeed.com_13-0) Amy Odell (April 5, 2013). "Woman Who Sued Prada For Sexual Harassment Fights $780,000 Countersuit" (http://www.buzzfeed.com/amyodell/woman-who-sued-prada-for-sexual-harassment-fights-780000-cou) . Buzzfeed.com . Retrieved 2014-02-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) United Nations (http://share.pdfonline.com/82e2306377c945119aea200eb2bba324/THE%20UN%20STATEMENT%20(TO%20PRADA%20IN%20BLUE).htm) ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Prada Rina Bovrisse Lawsuit - UN Statement Released (Vogue.com UK)" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2013/05/28/prada-rina-bovrisse-lawsuit---un-statement-released) . Vogue.co.uk. 2013-05-28 . Retrieved 2014-02-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-bloomberg.com_16-0) Pesek, William (2010-09-09). "Prada Wears Devil in Eyes of This 'Ugly' Woman: William Pesek" (http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-09-09/prada-wears-devil-in-eyes-of-this-ugly-woman-william-pesek.html) . Bloomberg . Retrieved 2014-02-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-ReferenceA_17-0) Matsutani, Minoru (2010-05-15). "Two former managers to file harassment suits against Prada" (http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2010/05/15/national/two-former-managers-to-file-harassment-suits-against-prada/#.UsV5lTndGfQ) . The Japan Times . Retrieved 2014-02-14 . 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The main article for this category (/wiki/Help:Categories) is beautician (/wiki/Beautician) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐66546ff478‐xz4tb Cached time: 20240714221118 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.042 seconds Real time usage: 0.059 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 10/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 374/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 3/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 326/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.020/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 627062/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 51.531 1 Template:Catmain 100.00% 51.531 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:31553634-0!canonical and timestamp 20240714221118 and revision id 1164377200. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse Subcategories This category has only the following subcategory. F Fictional beauticians (/wiki/Category:Fictional_beauticians) ‎ (1 C, 32 P) Pages in category "Beauticians" The following 36 pages are in this category, out of 36 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . Beautician (/wiki/Beautician) A Franca Afegbua (/wiki/Franca_Afegbua) Marcius Agrippa (/wiki/Marcius_Agrippa) Michael Ashton (/wiki/Michael_Ashton) B Ada Ballin (/wiki/Ada_Ballin) Opral Benson (/wiki/Opral_Benson) C Joan Cadden (/wiki/Joan_Cadden) Katie Cutler (/wiki/Katie_Cutler) D Mirta de Perales (/wiki/Mirta_de_Perales) Viola Desmond (/wiki/Viola_Desmond) Stephanie Deste (/wiki/Stephanie_Deste) E Elle Edwards (/wiki/Elle_Edwards) F Magali Febles (/wiki/Magali_Febles) G Eve Gardiner (/wiki/Eve_Gardiner) Marilyn Ghigliotti (/wiki/Marilyn_Ghigliotti) H Jenny Hu (/wiki/Jenny_Hu) K Nayana Karunaratne (/wiki/Nayana_Karunaratne) Daniela Katzenberger (/wiki/Daniela_Katzenberger) Bernice Kentner (/wiki/Bernice_Kentner) Johanna Korner (/wiki/Johanna_Korner) L Paige Layle (/wiki/Paige_Layle) M Suzanne Mathis McQueen (/wiki/Suzanne_Mathis_McQueen) Rose Morgan (/wiki/Rose_Morgan) Sonja Morgenstern (/wiki/Sonja_Morgenstern) P Mary Elwyn Patchett (/wiki/Mary_Elwyn_Patchett) Vera Pigee (/wiki/Vera_Pigee) Eliza Potter (/wiki/Eliza_Potter) R Ramzi Rahaman (/wiki/Ramzi_Rahaman) Lucille Campbell Green Randolph (/wiki/Lucille_Campbell_Green_Randolph) S Murder of Jaswinder Kaur Sidhu (/wiki/Murder_of_Jaswinder_Kaur_Sidhu) T Bertha Trost (/wiki/Bertha_Trost) Trust Me – I'm a Beauty Therapist (/wiki/Trust_Me_%E2%80%93_I%27m_a_Beauty_Therapist) U Shu Uemura (/wiki/Shu_Uemura) W Madam C. J. Walker (/wiki/Madam_C._J._Walker) Sylvia Woods (/wiki/Sylvia_Woods) Y Zemi Yenus (/wiki/Zemi_Yenus) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Beauticians&oldid=1164377200 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Beauticians&oldid=1164377200) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : People in fashion (/wiki/Category:People_in_fashion) Personal care and service occupations (/wiki/Category:Personal_care_and_service_occupations) Beauty (/wiki/Category:Beauty)
This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Bailey_Banks_%26_Biddle) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Bailey Banks & Biddle" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Bailey+Banks+%26+Biddle%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Bailey+Banks+%26+Biddle%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Bailey+Banks+%26+Biddle%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Bailey+Banks+%26+Biddle%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Bailey+Banks+%26+Biddle%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Bailey+Banks+%26+Biddle%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( April 2012 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) A print of the presidential seal c. 1915 , thought to be the one obtained by Woodrow Wilson (/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson) from Bailey Banks & Biddle Bailey Banks & Biddle was a retailer of jewelry and designer of US medals that was formed in Philadelphia (/wiki/Philadelphia) , Pennsylvania (/wiki/Pennsylvania) , in 1832. History [ edit ] This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bailey_Banks_%26_Biddle&action=edit&section=) . ( June 2011 ) Bailey & Kitchen , as it was originally known, was founded at 136 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, on September 20, 1832, by Joseph Trowbridge Bailey (1806–1854) and Andrew B. Kitchen (died 1850). The partnership was dissolved in November 1846. It was reformed with new partners as Bailey & Co. in 1841, and on March 1, 1878, again re-established as Bailey Banks & Biddle . [1] (#cite_note-Hagley-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) From about 1852–1862, the company made its own silver; they were principally supplied by Taylor and Lawrie (/w/index.php?title=Taylor_and_Lawrie&action=edit&redlink=1) before 1852, and from about 1862–1870, by George B. Sharp (/wiki/George_B._Sharp_(silversmith)) . [4] (#cite_note-4) After 1870, they resold silver from a variety of manufacturers. At the turn of the century, Bailey Banks & Biddle was commissioned by the U.S. government to update the Great Seal of the United States (/wiki/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States#Bailey_Banks_&_Biddle_representation) ; its design today remains the official version of the seal. The company also designed and made many of the military medals that are still used today, including the Congressional Medal of Honor (/wiki/Congressional_Medal_of_Honor) , the Silver Star, the Bronze Star the Spanish Campaign Medal (/wiki/Spanish_Campaign_Medal) and the first 40,000 Purple Hearts (/wiki/Purple_Heart) awarded, as well as class rings for West Point (/wiki/United_States_Military_Academy) and Annapolis (/wiki/United_States_Naval_Academy) . [1] (#cite_note-Hagley-1) Potomac Mills (/wiki/Potomac_Mills) outlet, one of the company's nine retail stores in 2012 In 1962, Bailey Banks & Biddle became a part of the Zale Corporation (/wiki/Zale_Corporation) . Zale opened many Bailey Banks & Biddle stores in numerous cities. In 2007, Zale Corporation sold the 65-store jewelry chain to Finlay Enterprises (/wiki/Finlay_Enterprises) . [5] (#cite_note-5) Finlay Enterprises filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in August 2009, [6] (#cite_note-reuters-6) and Bailey Banks & Biddle was relaunched as a private company by the new owners in the spring of 2010. The new owners bought the name and eight original locations. They did not honor guarantees on any items purchased prior to their ownership as all prior warranties were voided with the dissolution of Finlay Enterprises. [6] (#cite_note-reuters-6) The company utilizing the name Bailey Banks & Biddle declared bankruptcy in November 2019. At the time the company was reduced to one store located in Houston, Texas. [7] (#cite_note-7) The remaining inventory was seized for back taxes, interest and penalties and sold at auction in June 2020. [8] (#cite_note-8) The website for Bailey, Banks and Biddle leads to Finlay as of March 2023 with a copyright dated 2020. Bailey Buildings [ edit ] A building which once contained the Bailey Banks & Biddle flagship store and at which the company was flagship occupant exists as at 1218 Chestnut Street near Philadelphia City Hall (/wiki/Philadelphia_City_Hall) . It is now a multi tenant corporate office building owned by the Thylan Associates. It backs onto the adjoining former factory building on Sansom Street. The Bailey & Co. factory building stands at 1217 Sansom St., in Center City, Philadelphia (/wiki/Center_City,_Philadelphia) . As of 2019, it has been renovated as the Biddle Building, an office building with a variety of creative and technical industry tenants. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) References [ edit ] ^ a b " Bailey, Banks & Biddle records (https://findingaids.hagley.org/xtf/view?docId=ead/2453.xml) " (June 7, 2013). Prepared for the Hagley Museum and Library (/wiki/Hagley_Museum_and_Library) : Manuscripts and Archives Department, Wilmington, Delaware. ^ (#cite_ref-2) American Silver Marks - Sterling and Coin Silver (https://www.925-1000.com/americansilver_B.html) , Online Encyclopedia of Silver Marks, Hallmarks, and Makers' Marks. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Silversmiths - B (https://www.sterlingflatwarefashions.com/Silversmiths/SSB1.html) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190829105853/https://www.sterlingflatwarefashions.com/Silversmiths/SSB1.html) August 29, 2019, at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , Sterling Flatware Fashions. ^ (#cite_ref-4) "George Sharp and Bailey & Co." (https://www.spencermarks.com/blogs/journal/george-sharp-and-bailey-co) , Spencer Marks, Ltd. ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Finlay Sales Up 13%, Same Store Sales Down" (http://www.jckonline.com/2008/11/10/finlay-sales-up-13-same-store-sales-down) . JCK Online. November 10, 2008 . Retrieved June 16, 2011 . ^ a b "Finlay files for bankruptcy, to sell assets" (https://web.archive.org/web/20171006062003/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-finlayenterprises/finlay-files-for-bankruptcy-to-sell-assets-idUSTRE5751LU20090806) . Reuters. August 6, 2009. Archived from the original (https://www.reuters.com/article/2009/08/06/us-finlayenterprises-idUSTRE5751LU20090806) on October 6, 2017 . Retrieved May 21, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) JCK Online: November 2019: Bailey Banks & Biddle files bankruptcy (https://www.jckonline.com/editorial-article/bailey-banks-biddle-bankruptcy/) ^ (#cite_ref-8) Mathews, Chris (June 16, 2020). "Historic jeweler's inventory to be auctioned off after bankruptcy" (https://www.bizjournals.com/houston/news/2020/06/16/bailey-banks-biddle-jewelry-auction-bankruptcy.html) . Houston Business Journal . Retrieved April 10, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Digital firms lead office revival in Midtown Village" (http://www.philly.com/philly/blogs/inq-phillydeals/Digital-firms-lead-office-revival-in-Midtown-Village.html) . The Philadelphia Inquirer (/wiki/The_Philadelphia_Inquirer) . Retrieved May 13, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Biddle Building (http://www.thylan.com/commercial/com_BailBid.html) External links [ edit ] Media related to Bailey, Banks & Biddle (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bailey,_Banks_%26_Biddle) at Wikimedia Commons " Bailey, Banks & Biddle records (https://findingaids.hagley.org/xtf/view?docId=ead/2453.xml) " (June 7, 2013). Prepared for the Hagley Museum and Library (/wiki/Hagley_Museum_and_Library) : Manuscripts and Archives Department, Wilmington, Delaware. Bailey Banks & Biddle - Fine Jewelers (https://web.archive.org/web/20190424052732/https://baileybanksandbiddle.com/) at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) (archived April 24, 2019) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International FAST (http://id.worldcat.org/fast/654113/) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/133970455) National United States (https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no89019974) Other SNAC (https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6bw5vgd) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐rrsmw Cached time: 20240719050351 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.300 seconds Real time usage: 0.466 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 795/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 28055/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 939/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 8/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 26440/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.206/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4362105/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 422.612 1 -total 39.84% 168.380 1 Template:Reflist 21.65% 91.507 2 Template:Cite_web 21.52% 90.940 1 Template:Authority_control 18.81% 79.484 1 Template:Refimprove 16.10% 68.023 2 Template:Ambox 12.29% 51.957 1 Template:Commons_category-inline 11.96% 50.545 1 Template:Sister-inline 11.74% 49.628 2 Template:Webarchive 3.90% 16.473 1 Template:Use_mdy_dates Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:9967356-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719050351 and revision id 1193082924. 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Clothing companies based in London This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Deborah_%26_Clare) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Deborah_%26_Clare) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article's lead section (/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Length) may be too short to adequately summarize (/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style) the key points . Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview (/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Provide_an_accessible_overview) of all important aspects of the article. ( June 2015 ) This article includes a list of references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) , related reading (/wiki/Wikipedia:Further_reading) , or external links (/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links) , but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations) . Please help improve (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fact_and_Reference_Check) this article by introducing (/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite) more precise citations. ( June 2013 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Deborah & Clare were bespoke shirtmakers (/wiki/Tailor) based in Beauchamp Place (/wiki/Beauchamp_Place) , London SW3 (/wiki/SW_postcode_area) from 1965 to 1975. Examples of their work are in the Victoria & Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_%26_Albert_Museum) . History [ edit ] Deborah Wood and Clare Bewicke set up business together as designers in 1965, working from a condemned basement in Walton Street (/wiki/Walton_Street,_London) , Chelsea. Observing a general lack of innovation in men's clothes they moved into the specialised field of bespoke (/wiki/Bespoke) shirts, using a Greek shirtmaker in London's East End (/wiki/East_End_of_London) . Until this time custom-made men's shirts were largely the preserve of Jermyn Street (/wiki/Jermyn_Street) , catering to a traditional elite. The shop soon became known for contemporary design within the classic art of shirtmaking. Sample books of fine English shirtings sat reassuringly on the desk alongside more sensual cloths from the collections of Europe's most sophisticated textile manufacturers. A visit to New York in 1967 produced an offer of backing from Ahmet Ertigan to open a London shop, but his pre-requisite that the shop also carried the entire range of Levi jeans (/wiki/Jeans) was dismissed as "much too serious," and the eventual backing came from David Astor (/wiki/David_Astor) . Shirtmakers trained in Jermyn Street were found after a lengthy search. Andy and Annie Mullins, who had between them the vital skills of Cutter and Collar-maker. "It's two girls on the game," Andy told his wife "making shirts as a cover up." Alan Holston (/wiki/Alan_Holston) , poached from Dandie Fashions in Kings Road became the popular manager. The shop was designed by David Mlinaric (/wiki/David_Mlinaric) , and opened in December 1967. Terracotta walls with putty-coloured paintwork were the backdrop for polished glass shelves of stock shirts and racks of cloth. It was a cave of colour, and No 29 Beauchamp Place became one of the trendiest venues in London, attracting a global clientele of all persuasion. Deborah sold out to Clare in 1973, and Clare left the business in 1975. Deborah, as head designer of clothes and textiles played a leading role in the Laura Ashley (/wiki/Laura_Ashley) story for ten years from 1978. Clare trained as a polarity therapist and went on to practice in the world of complementary medicine (/wiki/Complementary_medicine) . Examples of Deborah & Clare shirts are in the Victoria & Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_%26_Albert_Museum) . References [ edit ] The Cutting Edge 50 Years of British Fashion P108 Sunday Times Magazine 2 August 1970 cover Stern Journal No 52 1969 P 109 The Times Friday 11 July 1969 Evening Standard Monday 24 March 1975 'Leaving their shirts behind' Weekend Telegraph Saturday 26 December 1998 ' the shirt of my Dreams' Rory Knight Bruce Nicky Panicci collection of over 200 vintage Deborah & Clare men's shirts NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐rjxc6 Cached time: 20240713083044 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.155 seconds Real time usage: 0.271 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 660/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 28782/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 7554/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 19/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 6025/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.095/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2405050/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 248.047 1 -total 57.59% 142.847 3 Template:Ambox 38.66% 95.885 1 Template:Short_description 35.93% 89.115 1 Template:Multiple_issues 21.61% 53.598 1 Template:Lead_too_short 18.05% 44.783 5 Template:Main_other 17.06% 42.316 1 Template:SDcat 17.04% 42.269 1 Template:Authority_control 16.04% 39.787 2 Template:Pagetype 6.43% 15.941 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:15605321-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713083044 and revision id 1039416532. 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Weekly print publication on footwear Footwear News May 4, 2020 issue highlighting Footwear News 's 75th anniversary Editorial Director Michael Atmore [1] (#cite_note-1) Founded 1945 Company Penske Media Corporation (/wiki/Penske_Media_Corporation) Country USA Based in New York City (475 Fifth Ave 3rd Floor New York, NY 10017) Website footwearnews (https://footwearnews.com/) .com (https://footwearnews.com/) Footwear News (sometimes referred to as FN ) is a weekly print publication on the topic of women's, men's, and children's footwear. Founded in 1945, its coverage is for the fashion design and fashion retail industries. [2] (#cite_note-2) It was originally published by Fairchild Media (/wiki/Fairchild_Fashion_Media) . The publication also operates FootwearNews.com which runs more consumer content than the print publication. [3] (#cite_note-3) The publication hosts the annual FN Achievement Awards, which has been referred to as the "Shoe Oscars." [4] (#cite_note-4) It also hosts the FN CEO Summit, an event with footwear industry CEOs, designers, and brand builders. [5] (#cite_note-5) Footwear News was owned by Condé Nast (/wiki/Cond%C3%A9_Nast) and operated under the Fairchild Media brand. [6] (#cite_note-AA-6) It became a part of Penske Media Corporation (/wiki/Penske_Media_Corporation) when the company purchased Fairchild Media for $100 million in 2014. [7] (#cite_note-7) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Alvarez, Alex (11 August 2010). "Michael Atmore Promoted, Will Now Also Oversee Brand Development For Fairchild Fashion Group" (https://www.adweek.com/digital/michael-atmore-promoted-will-now-also-oversee-brand-development-for-fairchild-fashion-group/) . AdWeek . Retrieved 13 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Sterlacci, Francesca; Arbuckle, Joanne (2017). Historical Dictionary of the Fashion Industry . Rowman and Litlefield. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781442239098 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Levy, Nicole (26 January 2015). "Fairchild's Footwear News gets a print revamp" (https://www.politico.com/media/story/2015/01/fairchilds-footwear-news-gets-a-print-revamp-003363) . Politico . Retrieved 13 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Spence, Sade (29 November 2017). "Hailey Baldwin, Virgil Abloh Honored at FN Achievement Awards" (https://variety.com/2017/scene/vpage/hailey-baldwin-virgil-abloh-fn-achievement-awards-1202626198/) . Variety . Retrieved 13 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "FN CEO Summit Takes on Hot Topics Reshaping the Industry" (https://footwearnews.com/2019/business/power-players/fn-ceo-summit-2019-leadership-footwear-industry-1202769442/) . FN. 8 April 2019 . Retrieved 13 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-AA_6-0) Schwartz, Matthew (13 February 2006). " (https://adage.com/article/btob/footwear-news-walks-path/262852) 'Footwear News' walks new path" (https://adage.com/article/btob/footwear-news-walks-path/262852) . AdAge . Retrieved 13 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Bazilian, Emma (19 August 2014). "Condé Nast Sells Fairchild Fashion Media to Penske" (https://www.adweek.com/digital/cond-nast-sells-fairchild-fashion-media-penske-159594/) . AdWeek . Retrieved 13 October 2019 . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://footwearnews.com/) v t e Penske Media Corporation (/wiki/Penske_Media_Corporation) Key people Jay Penske (/wiki/Jay_Penske) (Chairman and CEO) Bonnie Fuller (/wiki/Bonnie_Fuller) (President and Editor-in-Chief, Hollywood Life) Steven Gaydos (/wiki/Steven_Gaydos) (Executive Vice President, Content Executive Editor, Variety) Samantha Skey (/wiki/Samantha_Skey) (CEO, SHE Media) Jann Wenner (/wiki/Jann_Wenner) (President and COO, Wenner Media) Gus Wenner (/wiki/Gus_Wenner) (CEO, Rolling Stone ) Subsidiaries Artforum (/wiki/Artforum) ARTnews (/wiki/ARTnews) Art in America (/wiki/Art_in_America) Boy Genius Report (/wiki/Boy_Genius_Report) Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) Fairchild Fashion Media (/wiki/Fairchild_Fashion_Media) Footwear News Women's Wear Daily (/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily) IndieWire (/wiki/IndieWire) Music Business Worldwide (/wiki/Music_Business_Worldwide) Robb Report (/wiki/Robb_Report) Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) SHE Media (/wiki/SHE_Media) BlogHer (/wiki/BlogHer) StyleCaster (/wiki/StyleCaster) TVLine (/wiki/TVLine) Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) PMRC properties Billboard (/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)) The Hollywood Reporter (/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter) Vibe (/wiki/Vibe_(magazine)) Former brands Bookforum (/wiki/Bookforum) Hollywood Life (/wiki/Hollywood_Life) Award shows Academy of Country Music Awards (/wiki/Academy_of_Country_Music_Awards) American Music Awards (/wiki/American_Music_Awards) Billboard Music Awards (/wiki/Billboard_Music_Awards) Golden Globes (/wiki/Golden_Globes) Streamy Awards (/wiki/Streamy_Awards) Related BuzzAngle Music (/wiki/BuzzAngle_Music) Dick Clark Productions (/wiki/Dick_Clark_Productions) (joint venture with Eldridge Industries (/wiki/Eldridge_Industries) ) Life Is Beautiful Music & Art Festival (/wiki/Life_Is_Beautiful_Music_%26_Art_Festival) SXSW (/wiki/South_by_Southwest) (50% stakeholder) Vox Media (/wiki/Vox_Media) Luminate (/wiki/Luminate_(company)) This fashion (/wiki/Fashion) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Footwear_News&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐jn76g Cached time: 20240712182701 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.314 seconds Real time usage: 0.781 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1029/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 31733/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1130/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 40266/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.211/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5463963/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 365.768 1 -total 33.37% 122.040 1 Template:Reflist 26.82% 98.092 6 Template:Cite_news 22.79% 83.370 1 Template:Short_description 21.36% 78.136 1 Template:Penske_Media_Corporation 20.76% 75.941 1 Template:Navbox 15.69% 57.402 1 Template:Infobox_magazine 14.64% 53.553 1 Template:Infobox 10.40% 38.038 2 Template:Pagetype 9.58% 35.023 5 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:62050983-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712182701 and revision id 1202417656. 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Chinese designer and supermodel In this Chinese name (/wiki/Chinese_name) , the family name (/wiki/Chinese_surname) is Lü (/wiki/L%C3%BC_(surname)) . Lü Yan Born ( 1981-10-19 ) 19 October 1981 (age 42) De'an County (/wiki/De%27an_County) , Jiangxi (/wiki/Jiangxi) , China (/wiki/China) Other names Lv Yan Occupation(s) Model, actress, fashion designer Known for Chinese supermodel who became a fashion designer Chinese name Traditional Chinese (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters) 呂燕 Simplified Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) 吕燕 Transcriptions Standard Mandarin (/wiki/Standard_Chinese) Hanyu Pinyin (/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin) Lǚ Yàn IPA (/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin) [lỳ jɛ́n] (/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin) Lü Yan ( Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 吕燕 ; born 19 October 1981) is a Chinese fashion designer, supermodel, and actress. During her career as a model she worked with such labels as Dior (/wiki/Dior) , Gucci (/wiki/Gucci) , Lanvin (/wiki/Lanvin_(company)) and Alexander McQueen (/wiki/Alexander_McQueen) before appearing on the cover of numerous fashion magazines including Marie Claire (/wiki/Marie_Claire) and i-D (/wiki/I-D) . Now retired from modelling, Lü is a fashion designer with her own label Comme Moi . [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Early life [ edit ] Lü was born 1981 in a small mining village in De'an County (/wiki/De%27an_County) , Jiangxi (/wiki/Jiangxi) Province, China. Career [ edit ] In 1999, at the age of 18 Lü was discovered by stylist Li Dongtian. However owing to Lü's unconventional appearance with small eyes, a flat face and freckles she did not meet traditional Chinese beauty standards and found getting work difficult. While in Beijing she was seen by model scouts from France who asked her to go to Paris to model. Lü who spoke no French or English eventually agreed to go to Paris and started work. In the same year she came second in the 2000 Supermodel of the World (/wiki/Ford_Models_Supermodel_of_the_World) competition. [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) In 2006, Lü debuted her film career in 2006 The Painted Veil. In 2010 Lü returned to China and retired from modelling to set up her own line called Comme Moi for label Woolmark (/wiki/Woolmark) . [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) In 2012, Lü's portrait was on the cover of Elle magazine. [5] (#cite_note-5) Filmography [ edit ] 2006 The Painted Veil (/wiki/The_Painted_Veil_(2006_film)) - Wan Xi. [6] (#cite_note-6) 2010 Hot Summer Days (/wiki/Hot_Summer_Days) - Supermodel. [7] (#cite_note-7) 2010 Color Me Love References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Meet Lu Yan" (http://fashionstatement.asia/meet-lu-yan-supermodel-fashion-pioneer-inspiration) . Fashion Statement . 20 April 2016 . Retrieved 21 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Zhang, Junmian. "Top 10 Chinese models" (http://www.china.org.cn/top10/2012-11/06/content_27006189_5.htm) . China Internet Information Center (/wiki/China_Internet_Information_Center) . Retrieved 21 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Lü Yan, the new face of China" (http://www.pekingduck.org/2003/12/lu-yan-the-new-face-of-china/) . pekingduck.org. December 1, 2003 . Retrieved April 19, 2019 . ^ a b Adams, Prue (3 February 2017). "China's first supermodel Lu Yan collaborates with The Woolmark Company to use merino" (http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-02-03/chinese-model-turned-designer-lu-yan-collaborates-with-woolmark/8218292) . ABC (/wiki/Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation) . Retrieved 21 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Interviews and Profiles: Meet Lu Yan" (http://fashionstatement.asia/meet-lu-yan-supermodel-fashion-pioneer-inspiration) . fashionstatement.Asia. 20 April 2016 . Retrieved April 19, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "The Painted Veil (2006)" (https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0446755/fullcredits/) . IMDb (/wiki/IMDb) . Retrieved April 19, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Hot Summer Days (2010)" (https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1519640/fullcredits) . IMDb (/wiki/IMDb) . Retrieved April 19, 2019 . External links [ edit ] Lü Yan at fashionmodeldirectory.com (https://www.fashionmodeldirectory.com/models/lu_yan/summary/) (with images) Lü Yan at bellazon.com (https://www.bellazon.com/main/topic/37150-lu-yan/) Lü Yan at dresstokillmagazine.com (http://dresstokillmagazine.com/chinese-model-lu-yans-transition-model-fashion-designer/) Lü Yan (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2044830/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Lu Yan at hkmdb.com (http://www.hkmdb.com/db/people/view.mhtml?id=38462&display_set=eng) Lü Yan at luxe.co (http://en.luxe.co/post/51) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐fvqdg Cached time: 20240712135842 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.393 seconds Real time usage: 0.535 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3064/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 30228/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3690/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 19/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 32299/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.273/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 22578335/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 513.693 1 -total 53.16% 273.089 1 Template:Infobox_person 29.88% 153.495 1 Template:Infobox_Chinese 21.64% 111.171 1 Template:Reflist 17.72% 91.031 6 Template:Cite_web 12.58% 64.621 1 Template:Short_description 9.30% 47.778 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 7.35% 37.768 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age 7.05% 36.191 2 Template:Pagetype 6.69% 34.369 18 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:55854400-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712135842 and revision id 1219229511. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lü_Yan_(model)&oldid=1219229511 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lü_Yan_(model)&oldid=1219229511) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) 1981 births (/wiki/Category:1981_births) Chinese female models (/wiki/Category:Chinese_female_models) Chinese women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Chinese_women_fashion_designers) People from Jiujiang (/wiki/Category:People_from_Jiujiang) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Articles containing Chinese-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Chinese-language_text) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_simplified_Chinese-language_text)
See also: Category:Actresses from Manipur (/wiki/Category:Actresses_from_Manipur) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐7b964c8bc7‐vmzrb Cached time: 20240709041743 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.037 seconds Real time usage: 0.051 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 24/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 356/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 7/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 326/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.015/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 626391/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 44.193 1 -total 100.00% 44.193 1 Template:See_also_cat 17.32% 7.652 1 Template:Category_see_also/Category_pair_check Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:55840747-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709041743 and revision id 827796482. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Female models from Manipur" The following 2 pages are in this category, out of 2 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . L Lin Laishram (/wiki/Lin_Laishram) T Thounaojam Strela Luwang (/wiki/Thounaojam_Strela_Luwang) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Female_models_from_Manipur&oldid=827796482 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Female_models_from_Manipur&oldid=827796482) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Indian female models by state or union territory (/wiki/Category:Indian_female_models_by_state_or_union_territory) Models from Manipur (/wiki/Category:Models_from_Manipur) Women from Manipur by occupation (/wiki/Category:Women_from_Manipur_by_occupation)
Sturdy fabric waterproofed with wax A pouch created using waxed cotton. Waxed cotton is cotton (/wiki/Cotton) impregnated with a paraffin (/wiki/Paraffin_wax) or natural beeswax (/wiki/Beeswax) based wax (/wiki/Wax) , woven into or applied to the cloth. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Popular from the 1920s to the mid-1950s, the product, which developed from the sailing (/wiki/Sailing) industry in England (/wiki/England) and Scotland (/wiki/Scotland) , became commonly used for waterproofing (/wiki/Waterproofing) . It has been replaced by more modern materials but is still used by the country sports (/wiki/Field_sports) community. There are two main drawbacks: waxed fabric is not very breathable (/wiki/Breathable_fabric) , and it tends to be heavier and bulkier than modern synthetic waterproof materials. [3] (#cite_note-3) Background [ edit ] Early mariners noticed that wet sails were more efficient than dry sails, but their added weight slowed the vessels. From the 15th century, mariners applied fish oils and grease to their heavy sailcloth (/wiki/Sailcloth) . This resulted in more efficient sails in dry weather and lighter sails in wet weather. Out of the worn remnants they cut waterproof capes (/wiki/Cape) to keep themselves dry; [4] (#cite_note-HalStev-4) these capes were the forerunner of the fisherman's slicker. From 1795, Arbroath (/wiki/Arbroath) -based sail maker Francis Webster Ltd had perfected the art of adding linseed oil (/wiki/Linseed_oil) to flax (/wiki/Flax) sails, creating an oiled flax. [5] (#cite_note-5) Lighter than wet sailcloth, the treatment was used by the Royal Navy (/wiki/Royal_Navy) and the early tea clippers (/wiki/Tea_clipper) . [6] (#cite_note-Larks-6) As the tea race competition increased, the clipper designers and captains looked for more weight reduction. The clippers were often used to ship cotton from Egypt (/wiki/Egypt) , so they tried this lighter material. Development [ edit ] The first Egyptian cotton (/wiki/Egyptian_cotton) products with linseed oil applied started to appear from the mid-1850s. Tea clipper sails were made from strong two-ply yarns in both warp and weft (/wiki/Warp_and_weft) , which provided lighter cloth with extra strength for the larger sails. [7] (#cite_note-Morgan-7) The recipe for coating each cloth remained unique to that cloth, [ clarification needed ] but all cloths suffered the same problems: stiffness in the cold; and a tendency to turn a shade of yellow towards that of pure linseed oil (this contributed to the yellow colour of early fisherman's clothing). [4] (#cite_note-HalStev-4) [6] (#cite_note-Larks-6) In the mid-1920s, three companies co-operated to create paraffin-impregnated cotton, which produced a highly water resistant cloth, breathable, but without the stiffness in the cold or yellowing with age. [7] (#cite_note-Morgan-7) Woven by Webster's, it was taken to Lancashire (/wiki/Lancashire) for dyeing (/wiki/Dyeing) (black or olive green), and then to London for cupro-ammonia (/wiki/Cuprammonium_rayon) treatment. The cloth was then returned to Lancashire for waxing, and then back to Webster's for storage, sales and distribution. [7] (#cite_note-Morgan-7) Webster's were cautious about disrupting their home market, and so sent the new product to another part of the British Empire (/wiki/British_Empire) with similar climatic conditions and a love of sailing for testing: New Zealand (/wiki/New_Zealand) . Given the local name Japara , as the material proved a weather and sales success, it was adopted as the trademark (/wiki/Trademark) by Webster's. [7] (#cite_note-Morgan-7) In 2005 a new technology, refined hydrocarbon wax, was developed to replace cupro (/wiki/Cupronickel) – ammonia (/wiki/Ammonia) treatment and remove the smell. [8] (#cite_note-8) Current United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) manufacturers include British Millerain Co. Ltd., Halley Stevensons Limited, and Templemoyle Mills. British Millerain were the first to wax cotton in the UK and export this specialist textile across the globe. Halley Stevensons began as a manufacturer of textiles for upholstery (/wiki/Upholstery) , curtains and furnishing, and added waxed cotton to their range in the 1990s. More recently, Templemoyle Mills was established and began manufacturing waxed cotton in Ireland (/wiki/Ireland) ; the company registered in 2013. In 1968, Swedish company Fjällräven (/wiki/Fj%C3%A4llr%C3%A4ven) began producing their G-1000 fabric after research based on the military and expeditionary experiences of the founder, Åke Nordin (/wiki/%C3%85ke_Nordin) . G-1000 is still a key material in many of their outdoor products in 2023, although the modern fabric incorporates more environmental design factors. It is a cotton-polyester blend impregnated with their own odourless beeswax-paraffin recipe sold as "Greenland Wax". The wax washes out of the fabric after around 2-3 wash cycles. Roughly the size of a typical bar of soap, the Greenland wax blocks are rubbed on the garment and the traces of wax are then melted into the fabric using an iron or hairdryer. This allows the customer to easily restore the water and wind resistance of the garment as needed. Use [ edit ] A men's waxed cotton Barbour jacket in green. Waxed cotton became an instant success with the commercial shipping industry, and Webster's as the primary manufacturer looked for alternative markets. One early adopter was J. Barbour & Sons (/wiki/J._Barbour_%26_Sons) in the outdoor industry, producing waxed jackets (/wiki/Waxed_jacket) for farmers (/wiki/Farmer) and gamekeepers (/wiki/Gamekeeper) . [7] (#cite_note-Morgan-7) As motorcycling (/wiki/Motorcycling) emerged as personal transport, the new company Belstaff (/wiki/Belstaff) also developed clothing. [9] (#cite_note-9) Waxed cotton came in either black, or an inconsistent dark olive. Colour was controlled by the amount of copper left from the cupro-ammonia treatment, and because of variability of the olive a complementary dark brown corduroy (/wiki/Corduroy) collar was placed on dark olive jackets. [7] (#cite_note-Morgan-7) Barbour's entered the motorcycling market from the early 1930s, with the Barbour International motorcycle suit, developing their market presence through sponsorship of the British competitions and teams in motorcycle trials (/wiki/Motorcycle_trials) . Barbour International suits were worn by virtually every British International team from 1936 to 1977, and in the 1964 International Six Days Trial, actor Steve McQueen (/wiki/Steve_McQueen) and the rest of the American team. [6] (#cite_note-Larks-6) Adopted as the first choice waterproof clothing for the British armed forces during World War II [ citation needed ] , uses of waxed cotton escalated in the late 1940s and 1950s as spare material and army-surplus was liquidated. Rubber (/wiki/Rubber) was normal waterproofing during the nineteenth century and although not breathable was highly versatile and widely used. In 1823 Charles Macintosh (/wiki/Charles_Macintosh) patented a double textured fabric sandwiched around a layer of rubber. The Mackintosh (/wiki/Mackintosh) became the synonym for the rain coat. Improved Macintosh was extremely versatile and was developed for fashionable wear and sporting activity and was made by numerous Manchester manufacturers. Other waterproof and wind proof fabrics, such as Burberry, Grenfell and Ventile were developed from the late nineteenth century. [10] (#cite_note-10) By the early 1960s wartime-developed materials including nylon (/wiki/Nylon) and polyvinyl chloride (/wiki/Polyvinyl_chloride) (PVC) had come to the commercial market in volume. The development of synthetic polymers began in the 1920s, gathering pace during and after the Second World War, though it took time for light, breathable waterproofing to be developed. [11] (#cite_note-11) Although the popularity of waxed cotton has decreased considerably, there remain various forms of waxed cotton with differences in look, touch and performance. [6] (#cite_note-Larks-6) Modern uses of waxed cotton have consolidated to a niche where its warmth provides a benefit over its cost, weight and maintenance disadvantages. Maintenance [ edit ] This section possibly contains original research (/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research) . Please improve it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Waxed_cotton&action=edit) by verifying (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) the claims made and adding inline citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations) . Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. ( December 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) The pocket of a green Barbour jacket showing wear Wax and cotton are natural products that degrade and lose effectiveness over time. To help preserve them, waxed cotton products should not be stored damp, but slowly dried instead. Waxed cotton typically needs annual re-waxing. Because methods of waxing differ between manufacturers, rewaxing products from the original manufacturer are recommended. Rewaxing is best undertaken in the summer, when the material is naturally at a warmer temperature. Then, in small sections, wax is warmed, placed on the material, and rubbed into it with a soft cloth. Once fully applied, the material should be gently warmed [ clarification needed ] to allow the wax to penetrate and evenly cover it. See also [ edit ] Eisengarn (/wiki/Eisengarn) – Strong, waxed cotton yarn Oilcloth (/wiki/Oilcloth) – Type of cloth with a waterproof coating Oilskin (/wiki/Oilskin) – Waterproof garment made from treated sailcloth or canvas Waxed jacket (/wiki/Waxed_jacket) – Hip-length raincoat made from waxed cotton cloth References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Anderberg, Jeremy (3 June 2014). "How to Wax Your Own Clothing and Gear" (http://www.artofmanliness.com/2014/06/03/how-to-wax-your-own-clothing-and-gear/) . The Art of Manliness . Retrieved 18 September 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Crouse, Theresa (8 March 2015). "How To Waterproof Your Clothes And Shoes" (https://www.survivopedia.com/how-to-waterproof-your-clothes-and-shoes/) . Survivopedia . Retrieved 18 September 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Miraftab, Mohsen (31 October 2000). "Technical fibres". In Horrocks, A. Richard; Anand, Subhash C. (eds.). Handbook of Technical Textiles . Woodhead Publishing Limited. p. 39. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781855738966 – via Google Books. ^ a b "The Baltic Works: Our History" (http://www.waxedcotton.com/about-product/) . Waxed Cotton Fabrics - Innovators, makers and suppliers UK . Halley Stephensons . Retrieved 15 January 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Emiliano Marino (1994). The sailmaker's apprentice: a guide for the self-reliant sailor . International Marine. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780071579803 . ^ a b c d "New online: Barbour Wax Thornproof Dressing" (http://lark-blogvancouver.blogspot.com/2009/11/new-online-barbour-wax-thornproof.html) . Larks of Vancouver. 5 November 2009 . Retrieved 10 November 2009 . ^ a b c d e f "History of Waxed Cotton" (http://www.davidmorgan.com/waxedcotton.html) . David Morgan . Retrieved 10 November 2009 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Why wax isn't waning" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150924101409/http://www.shootinguk.co.uk/features/why-wax-isnt-waning-1944) . Shooting UK . Time, Inc. 22 September 2012. Archived from the original (http://www.shootinguk.co.uk/features/why-wax-isnt-waning-1944) on 24 September 2015 . Retrieved 17 August 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "A History of Belstaff" (https://www.belstaff.com/inside-belstaff-heritage/history.html) . Belstaff . Retrieved 15 January 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "How did the waterproof jacket evolve? | Part 1: to 1945" (https://www.outdoorgearcoach.co.uk/tools-resources/waterproof-jacket-evolution-part-1/) . Outdoor Gear Coach . Retrieved 15 January 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "How did the waterproof jacket evolve? | Part 2: to date" (https://www.outdoorgearcoach.co.uk/tools-resources/waterproof-jacket-part-2/) . Outdoor Gear Coach . 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Japanese television personality, telesvion presenter, and actress Neru Nagahama 長濱 ねる Nagahama in September 2022 Born ( 1998-09-04 ) September 4, 1998 (age 25) Nagasaki (/wiki/Nagasaki) , Japan (/wiki/Japan) Occupations Television personality (/wiki/Television_personalities_in_Japan) television presenter (/wiki/Television_presenter) actress Years active 2015–2019 2020–present Agent Seed & Flower, LLC (https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed_%26_Flower) Musical career Genres J-pop (/wiki/J-pop) Years active 2015–2019 Labels Sony Music Records (/wiki/Sony_Music_Records) Formerly of Keyakizaka46 (/wiki/Keyakizaka46) (2015–2019) Hiragana Keyakizaka46 (/wiki/Hiragana_Keyakizaka46) (2015–2017) Musical artist Website Neru Nagahama Official Website (https://nagahamaneru.jp/) Neru Nagahama ( Japanese (/wiki/Japanese_language) : 長濱 ねる , Hepburn (/wiki/Hepburn_romanization) : Nagahama Neru ) is a Japanese television personality, television presenter, and actress. She is a former member of the idol (/wiki/Japanese_idol) girl groups (/wiki/Girl_group) Keyakizaka46 (/wiki/Keyakizaka46) and Hiragana Keyakizaka46 (/wiki/Hiragana_Keyakizaka46) and current chairperson of the Tokyo Idol Festival (/wiki/Tokyo_Idol_Festival) . Nagahama joined Keyakizaka46 in 2015 as the founding member of its subgroup Hiragana Keyakizaka46, and was briefly the only member of that subgroup. She left Hiragana Keyakizaka46 in 2017 and Keyakizaka46 in 2019, and returned to the entertainment industry a year later as a television presenter and actress. She was appointed the Tokyo Idol Festival chairperson in 2021. Early life [ edit ] Nagahama was born in Nagasaki (/wiki/Nagasaki) , Nagasaki Prefecture (/wiki/Nagasaki_Prefecture) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Between the ages of 3 and 7, she lived on Nakadōri Island (/wiki/Nakad%C5%8Dri_Island) , a remote part of Nagasaki in the Gotō Islands (/wiki/Got%C5%8D_Islands) . [2] (#cite_note-2) During high school, Nagahama appeared as a participant in the All Japan High School Quiz Championship, a game show (/wiki/Game_show) for high school students. She advanced to the prefectural-level championships. [3] (#cite_note-3) Career [ edit ] Nagahama auditioned to be a part of Keyakizaka46 (/wiki/Keyakizaka46) ; however, despite impressing the judges, she withdrew before the final round of auditions due to her parents' opposition. Later, her parents changed their minds after attending a Nogizaka46 (/wiki/Nogizaka46) concert in Fukuoka (/wiki/Fukuoka) and allowed Nagahama to participate in the new group. With the support of the judges from the auditions, Nagahama officially joined Keyakizaka46 in November 2015 during the group's weekly variety show (/wiki/Variety_show) , Keyakitte, Kakenai? (/wiki/Keyakitte,_Kakenai%3F) However, she was designated as the sole member of a subgroup named Hiragana Keyakizaka46 (/wiki/Hiragana_Keyakizaka46) (けやき坂46, the exact same name but written in kana (/wiki/Kana) ). Auditions for the subgroup began soon after. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Nagahama made her musical debut with Keyakizaka46's first single, " Silent Majority (/wiki/Silent_Majority_(song)) ", though only appearing on a B-side (/wiki/B-side) song, "Noriokureta Bus" ( 乗り遅れたバス ) . [6] (#cite_note-1stsingle-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) She made her first title song appearance in the second single, " Sekai ni wa Ai Shika Nai (/wiki/Sekai_ni_wa_Ai_Shika_Nai) ", and also sang a solo song, "Mata Atte Kudasai" ( また会ってください ) . [8] (#cite_note-2ndsingle-8) Although eleven new members joined Hiragana Keyakizaka46 in May 2016, Nagahama was the only one to appear in songs by both the main group and subgroup. [9] (#cite_note-9) In consideration of both groups' increasing activities and the addition of nine second generation members to Hiragana Keyakizaka46 in August 2017, Nagahama left Hiragana Keyakizaka46 in September 2017 and became part of the main group full-time. [10] (#cite_note-10) In December 2017, Kodansha (/wiki/Kodansha) announced that they will be publishing a photo-book (/wiki/Photo-book#Japanese_photo_books) featuring Nagahama photographed on the Gotō Islands (/wiki/Got%C5%8D_Islands) , her hometown. Nagahama was the first member of Keyakizaka46 to release such a book. The photo-book, titled Kokokara ( ここから ) , sold 98,000 copies in its opening week, a record only topped by Mai Shiraishi (/wiki/Mai_Shiraishi) 's photo-book released earlier in the year. [11] (#cite_note-:0-11) Her photo-book was also awarded by JR Kyushu (/wiki/JR_Kyushu) for promoting tourism within Kyushu (/wiki/Kyushu) . [12] (#cite_note-12) Nagahama was also given the title "tourism ambassador" by Nagasaki. [13] (#cite_note-13) Nagahama has appeared in all singles up until " Kuroi Hitsuji (/wiki/Kuroi_Hitsuji) ", and was also included in crossover groups such as Sakamichi AKB (with Nogizaka46 and AKB48 (/wiki/AKB48) ) and IZ4648 (with Nogizaka46, AKB48, and Iz One (/wiki/Iz_One) ). [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) [16] (#cite_note-iz4648-16) After the release of Kuroi Hitsuji in March 2019, Nagahama announced her resignation from the group, citing personal reasons. She officially left the group on 30 July 2019 with a farewell event at Makuhari Messe (/wiki/Makuhari_Messe) . [17] (#cite_note-17) [18] (#cite_note-18) On July 7, 2020, Nagahama returned to the entertainment industry and joined the regular cast of the documentary/variety show 7RULES (/w/index.php?title=7RULES&action=edit&redlink=1) [ ja (https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BB%E3%83%96%E3%83%B3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB) ] , co-produced by Kansai TV (/wiki/Kansai_TV) and Fuji TV (/wiki/Fuji_TV) . She also launched her official website and Twitter (/wiki/Twitter) account. [19] (#cite_note-:2-19) In July 2021, Nagahama was appointed the chairperson of the annual Tokyo Idol Festival (/wiki/Tokyo_Idol_Festival) , succeeding fellow former idol Rino Sashihara (/wiki/Rino_Sashihara) . [20] (#cite_note-20) Nagahama is the Sustainable Development Goals (/wiki/Sustainable_Development_Goals) PR ambassador for NHK (/wiki/NHK) , [21] (#cite_note-21) [22] (#cite_note-22) and also the host for the television network's sign language (/wiki/Japanese_sign_language) educational shorts, titled Shuwa Shower ( 手話シャワー , Sign Language Shower) and started in February 2022. [23] (#cite_note-:3-23) She would make her asadora (/wiki/Asadora) debut in Maiagare! (/wiki/Maiagare!) (2022) as Sakura Yamanaka, who is a Gotō Islands native like herself. [24] (#cite_note-:1-24) Discography [ edit ] Keyakizaka46 [ edit ] Year Single Song Notes 2016 " Silent Majority (/wiki/Silent_Majority_(song)) " [6] (#cite_note-1stsingle-6) "Noriokureta Bus" ( 乗り遅れたバス ) " Sekai ni wa Ai Shika Nai (/wiki/Sekai_ni_wa_Ai_Shika_Nai) " [8] (#cite_note-2ndsingle-8) "Sekai ni wa Ai Shika Nai" ( 世界には愛しかない ) "Kataru Nara Mirai o..." ( 語るなら未来を… ) "Mata Atte Kudasai" ( また会ってください ) Solo song "Hiragana Keyaki" ( ひらがなけやき ) As part of Hiragana Keyakizaka46 " Futari Saison (/wiki/Futari_Saison) " [25] (#cite_note-3rdsingle-25) "Futari Saison" ( 二人セゾン ) "Otona wa Shinjite Kurenai" ( 大人は信じてくれない ) "Seifuku to Taiyō" ( 制服と太陽 ) "Dare Yori mo Takaku Tobe!" ( 誰よりも高く跳べ! ) As part of Hiragana Keyakizaka46 "Yūhi 1/3" ( 夕陽1/3 ) With Yui Imaizumi (/wiki/Yui_Imaizumi) , Yui Kobayashi (/wiki/Yui_Kobayashi) , and Yurina Hirate (/wiki/Yurina_Hirate) 2017 " Fukyōwaon (/wiki/Fuky%C5%8Dwaon) " [26] (#cite_note-4th_single-26) "Fukyōwaon" ( 不協和音 ) "W-KEYAKIZAKA no Uta" ( W-KEYAKIZAKAの詩 ) "Hohoemi ga Kanashii" ( 微笑みが悲しい ) With Yurina Hirate "Bokutachi wa Tsukiatteiru" ( 僕たちは付き合っている ) As part of Hiragana Keyakizaka46 "Eccentric" ( エキセントリック ) " Kaze ni Fukarete mo (/wiki/Kaze_ni_Fukarete_mo) " [27] (#cite_note-5thsingle-27) "Kaze ni Fukarete mo" ( 風に吹かれても ) "Hiraishin" ( 避雷針 ) 2018 " Glass wo Ware! (/wiki/Glass_wo_Ware!) " [28] (#cite_note-6thsingle-28) "Glass wo Ware!" ( ガラスを割れ! ) "Mou Mori e Kaerou ka?" ( もう森へ帰ろうか? ) "Bathroom Travel" ( バスルームトラベル ) With Rika Ozeki and Minami Koike " Ambivalent (/wiki/Ambivalent_(song)) " [29] (#cite_note-7thsingle-29) "Ambivalent" ( アンビバレント ) "Student Dance" "I'm out" "Ongaku Shitsu ni Kataomoi" ( 音楽室に片想い ) With Rika Ozeki and Minami Koike 2019 " Kuroi Hitsuji (/wiki/Kuroi_Hitsuji) " [30] (#cite_note-8thsingle-30) "Kuroi Hitsuji" ( 黒い羊 ) "Nobody" "Hitei Shita Mirai" ( 否定した未来 ) Solo song Other appearances [ edit ] Year Group Single Song Notes 2017 Sakamichi AKB " Shoot Sign (/wiki/Shoot_Sign) " [31] (#cite_note-31) "Dare no Koto wo Ichiban Aishiteru?" ( 誰のことを一番愛してる? ) 2018 Sakamichi AKB " Jabaja (/wiki/Jabaja) " [32] (#cite_note-32) "Kokkyo no Nai Jidai" ( 国境のない時代 ) Center 2019 IZ4648 " Jiwaru Days (/wiki/Jiwaru_Days) " [16] (#cite_note-iz4648-16) "Hitsuzensei" ( 必然性 ) Filmography [ edit ] Drama series [ edit ] Year Title Role Network Notes Ref. 2022 Love You as the World Ends - Special Aki Ito NTV (/wiki/Nippon_TV) [33] (#cite_note-33) 2022–23 Maiagare! (/wiki/Maiagare!) Sakura Yamanaka NHK (/wiki/NHK) Asadora (/wiki/Asadora) [24] (#cite_note-:1-24) 2023 Keishichō Outsider Maki Yonemitsu TV Asahi (/wiki/TV_Asahi) [34] (#cite_note-34) Keishichō Insider Spin-off [35] (#cite_note-35) Our Fake Marriage Yae Sendo Kansai TV (/wiki/Kansai_TV) , Fuji TV (/wiki/Fuji_TV) [36] (#cite_note-36) 2024 Jūkakukan no satsujin (/wiki/The_Decagon_House_Murders_(TV_series)) Agatha Hulu Japan (/wiki/Hulu_Japan) [37] (#cite_note-37) Variety and talk shows [ edit ] Year Title Network Notes Ref. 2020–present 7 Rules Kansai TV (/wiki/Kansai_TV) , Fuji TV (/wiki/Fuji_TV) [19] (#cite_note-:2-19) 2022–present Shuwa Shower NHK [23] (#cite_note-:3-23) Bibliography [ edit ] Kokokara ( ここから , "From Here") ( ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 4063528650 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/4063528650) , Kodansha (/wiki/Kodansha) , 2017) [11] (#cite_note-:0-11) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Profile" (https://nagahamaneru.jp/s/nn/page/profile?ima=0342) . Nagahama Neru Official Website (in Japanese) . Retrieved 9 November 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "欅坂46長濱ねる、故郷・五島列島で見せた素顔 水着撮影にも初挑戦【インタビュー前編】" (https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2101988/full/) . Oricon News (in Japanese). 9 December 2017. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190801162723/https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2101988/full/) from the original on 1 August 2019 . Retrieved 3 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "意外と頭脳派！？乃木坂、欅坂からクイズ好きアイドル 「高校生クイズ」県予選決勝に進んでいた長濱ねる" (https://www.zakzak.co.jp/ent/news/171222/ent1712224722-n1.html) (in Japanese). Zakzak. 22 December 2017. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180909000433/https://www.zakzak.co.jp/ent/news/171222/ent1712224722-n1.html) from the original on 9 September 2018 . Retrieved 3 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "欅坂46に新メンバー・長濱ねるが加入 「けやき坂46」オーディション開催も発表" (https://www.oricon.co.jp/prof/713492/products/) (in Japanese). Oricon News. 30 November 2015. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190512170630/https://www.oricon.co.jp/prof/713492/products/) from the original on 12 May 2019 . Retrieved 3 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "欅坂46に新メンバー「長濱ねる」が加入!" (https://www.keyakizaka46.com/s/k46o/news/detail/462089) (in Japanese). 欅坂46公式サイト. 30 November 2015. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190816125221/https://www.keyakizaka46.com/s/k46o/news/detail/462089) from the original on 16 August 2019 . Retrieved 3 October 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "サイレントマジョリティー" (http://www.keyakizaka46.com/s/k46o/page/silent_majority) . 欅坂46公式サイト . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190213124040/http://www.keyakizaka46.com/s/k46o/page/silent_majority) from the original on 13 February 2019 . Retrieved 3 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "欅坂46が１万人のファンに見せつけた"成長" 初の全国握手会イベント＆ミニライブレポート" (https://realsound.jp/2016/04/post-7163.html) . Realsound (in Japanese). 18 April 2016. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190401083746/https://realsound.jp/2016/04/post-7163.html) from the original on 1 April 2019 . Retrieved 3 October 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "『世界には愛しかない』" (http://www.keyakizaka46.com/s/k46o/page/2ndsingle_detail) . 欅坂46公式サイト . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190213123941/http://www.keyakizaka46.com/s/k46o/page/2ndsingle_detail) from the original on 13 February 2019 . Retrieved 3 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "「けやき坂46」合格者11人発表 欅坂46が総勢32人に" (https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2071486/full/) (in Japanese). Oricon News. 11 May 2016. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180625185440/https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2071486/full/) from the original on 25 June 2018 . Retrieved 3 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "長濱ねる、兼任解除で欅坂46専任に けやき坂46ドラマ出演見送り【運営コメント全文】" (https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2097799/full/) . Oricon News (in Japanese). 25 September 2017. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190924124616/https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2097799/full/) from the original on 24 September 2019 . Retrieved 3 October 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "欅坂46・長濱ねる、1st写真集が初登場首位 初週売上9.8万部で女性ソロ歴代2位に" (https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2103170/full/) (in Japanese). Oricon News. 28 December 2017. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190515223330/https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2103170/full/) from the original on 15 May 2019 . Retrieved 3 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "「第３回 九州魅力発掘大賞」発表" (https://www.jrkyushu.co.jp/news/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2018/06/14/180608NewsRelease3rdkyushumiryoku.pdf) (PDF) . Kyushu Railway Company (in Japanese). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180625161017/https://www.jrkyushu.co.jp/news/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2018/06/14/180608NewsRelease3rdkyushumiryoku.pdf) (PDF) from the original on 25 June 2018 . Retrieved 3 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "欅坂46長濱ねる凱旋フィーバー"皇帝パレード"で皇后に" (https://mdpr.jp/news/detail/1748929) (in Japanese). Modelpress. 24 February 2018. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190323024233/https://mdpr.jp/news/detail/1748929) from the original on 23 March 2019 . Retrieved 3 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) " (https://mdpr.jp/music/detail/1666865) "坂道AKB"全貌解禁！センターは欅坂46平手友梨奈、AKB48・乃木坂46…選抜メンバー18人発表＜MV完成／コメント到着＞" (https://mdpr.jp/music/detail/1666865) . modelpress . 27 February 2017. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190330160749/https://mdpr.jp/music/detail/1666865) from the original on 30 March 2019 . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "「坂道AKB」第2弾メンバー18名発表で反響 新選抜は乃木坂46・3期生＆けやき坂46からも" (https://web.archive.org/web/20190202042446/https://mdpr.jp/music/detail/1749673) . modelpress . Archived from the original (https://mdpr.jp/music/detail/1749673) on 2 February 2019 . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ Jump up to: a b "IZ*ONEチャン・ウォニョン＆宮脇咲良がセンター AKB48・乃木坂46・欅坂46とのコラボユニットでオリジナル楽曲披露＜IZ4648メンバー24人／FNS歌謡祭＞" (https://mdpr.jp/music/detail/1810018) (in Japanese). Modelpress. 12 December 2018. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20181216210948/https://mdpr.jp/music/detail/1810018) from the original on 16 December 2018 . Retrieved 3 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "長濱ねる、欅坂46卒業後進路は明言せず「さよなら、またね」" (https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2141301/full/) (in Japanese). Oricon News. 31 July 2019. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190731144902/https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2141301/full/) from the original on 31 July 2019 . Retrieved 3 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "ありがとうをめいっぱい伝える日 SPECIAL SITE | 欅坂46公式サイト" (http://www.keyakizaka46.com/s/k46o/page/thankyou) . www.keyakizaka46.com (in Japanese) . Retrieved 2022-10-05 . ^ Jump up to: a b Inc, Natasha. "元欅坂46長濱ねる、オフィシャルサイト開設" (https://natalie.mu/music/news/386678) . 音楽ナタリー (in Japanese) . Retrieved 2020-07-07 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : |last= has generic name ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name) ) ^ (#cite_ref-20) "長濱ねる、等身大の自分を大切に「背伸びしない」 アイドル時代から変わらぬモットーも明かす (1)" (https://news.mynavi.jp/article/20210923-nerunagahama/) . マイナビニュース (in Japanese). 2021-09-23 . Retrieved 2021-09-28 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Inc, Natasha. "スカパラがNHK「みんなのうた」初登場！ミドリーズ、長濱ねると「ツバメ」歌唱" (https://natalie.mu/music/news/475732) . 音楽ナタリー (in Japanese) . Retrieved 2022-07-14 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : |last= has generic name ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name) ) ^ (#cite_ref-22) "長濱ねる、NHK・SDGsキャンペーン新企画「長濱ねるのSDGs日記」スタート | CINRA" (https://www.cinra.net/news/20210326-sdgsneru) . www.cinra.net (in Japanese) . Retrieved 2022-07-14 . ^ Jump up to: a b "三宅健・黒柳徹子・長濱ねる出演 NHKで手話番組拡充へ 1週間に4時間以上放送" (https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2224052/full/) . ORICON NEWS . 9 February 2022 . Retrieved 2022-07-14 . ^ Jump up to: a b "赤楚衛二＆乃木坂46山下美月、福原遥の幼なじみ役で朝ドラ初出演決定 「舞いあがれ！」新たな出演者発表" (https://mdpr.jp/news/detail/3102567) . Model Press . 12 April 2022 . Retrieved April 12, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-3rdsingle_25-0) "『二人セゾン』" (https://web.archive.org/web/20190213124025/https://www.keyakizaka46.com/s/k46o/page/3rdsingle) . 欅坂46公式サイト . Archived from the original (https://www.keyakizaka46.com/s/k46o/page/3rdsingle) on 13 February 2019 . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-4th_single_26-0) "『不協和音』" (http://www.keyakizaka46.com/s/k46o/page/4th_single) . 欅坂46公式サイト . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180829035021/https://www.keyakizaka46.com/s/k46o/page/4th_single) from the original on 29 August 2018 . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-5thsingle_27-0) "『風に吹かれても』" (http://www.keyakizaka46.com/s/k46o/page/5th_single) . 欅坂46公式サイト . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180702011126/https://www.keyakizaka46.com/s/k46o/page/5th_single) from the original on 2 July 2018 . 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Tower Records . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190213123845/https://tower.jp/article/campaign/2017/03/27/01) from the original on 13 February 2019 . Retrieved 13 February 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) "坂道AKB第2弾「国境のない時代」センターは長濱ねる！ドリームチームが踊るMV公開" (https://natalie.mu/music/news/271838) (in Japanese). natalie. 2 March 2018 . Retrieved 3 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "長濱ねるインタビュー「"世界が終わる日"が来たら、のんびり過ごすと思います」『金曜ロードショー「君と世界が終わる日に 特別編」』（TV LIFE web）" (https://web.archive.org/web/20220516053704/https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/1d29225c0c058c35bffead02a39fe77e7b581598) . Yahoo!ニュース (in Japanese). Archived from the original (https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/1d29225c0c058c35bffead02a39fe77e7b581598) on 2022-05-16 . Retrieved 2022-05-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "警視庁アウトサイダー："コメビカリ様"長濱ねるのコスプレにファン興奮「めちゃくちゃ美しくてびびった」「ねるちゃんの破壊力」" (https://mantan-web.jp/article/20230209dog00m200068000c.html) . MANTANWEB（まんたんウェブ） (in Japanese). 9 February 2023 . 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External links [ edit ] Neru Nagahama Official site (https://nagahamaneru.jp/s/nn/) (July 7, 2020– ) (in Japanese) Keyakizaka46 member profile (https://web.archive.org/web/20190330112809/http://www.keyakizaka46.com/s/k46o/artist/22) at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) (archived March 30, 2019) (in Japanese) v t e Sakurazaka46 (/wiki/Sakurazaka46) Members 1st Generation Minami Koike Fuyuka Saitō Rina Uemura 2nd Generation Hikari Endō Karin Fujiyoshi Rina Inoue Marino Kōsaka Kira Masumoto Rina Matsuda (captain) Hikaru Morita Rena Moriya Rei Ōzono Akiho Ōnuma Yui Takemoto Hono Tamura Ten Yamasaki 3rd Generation Riko Endō Rika Ishimori Nagisa Kojima Mio Matono Itoha Mukai Yū Murai Miu Marayama Yuzuki Nakashima Reina Odakura Airi Taniguchi Shizuki Yamashita Notable former Yui Imaizumi (/wiki/Yui_Imaizumi) Yurina Hirate (/wiki/Yurina_Hirate) Neru Nagahama Akane Moriya (/wiki/Akane_Moriya) Rika Watanabe (/wiki/Rika_Watanabe) Risa Watanabe (/wiki/Risa_Watanabe) Yūka Sugai (/wiki/Y%C5%ABka_Sugai) Mizuho Habu (/wiki/Mizuho_Habu) Yui Kobayashi (/wiki/Yui_Kobayashi) Singles Keyakizaka46 " Slient Majority (/wiki/Silent_Majority_(song)) " " Sekai ni wa Ai Shika Nai (/wiki/Sekai_ni_wa_Ai_Shika_Nai) " " Futari Saison (/wiki/Futari_Saison) " " Fukyōwaon (/wiki/Fuky%C5%8Dwaon) " " Kaze ni Fukarete mo (/wiki/Kaze_ni_Fukarete_mo) " " Glass wo Ware! (/wiki/Glass_wo_Ware!) " " Ambivalent (/wiki/Ambivalent_(song)) " " Kuroi Hitsuji (/wiki/Kuroi_Hitsuji) " " Dare ga Sono Kane o Narasu no ka? (/wiki/Dare_ga_Sono_Kane_o_Narasu_no_ka%3F) " Sakurazaka46 " Nobody's Fault (/wiki/Nobody%27s_Fault_(Sakurazaka46_song)) " " Ban (/wiki/Ban_(song)) " " Nagaredama (/wiki/Nagaredama) " " Samidare yo (/wiki/Samidare_yo) " " Sakurazuki (/wiki/Sakurazuki) " " Start Over! (/wiki/Start_Over!) " " Shonin Yokkyu (/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dnin_Yokky%C5%AB_(Sakurazaka46_song)) " " Ikutsu no Koro ni Modoritai no ka? (/w/index.php?title=Ikutsu_no_Koro_ni_Modoritai_no_ka%3F_(Sakurazaka46_song)&action=edit&redlink=1) " " Jigoujitoku (/w/index.php?title=Jigoujitoku&action=edit&redlink=1) " Albums Keyakizaka46 Masshiro na Mono wa Yogoshitaku naru (/wiki/Masshiro_na_Mono_wa_Yogoshitaku_naru) Sakurazaka46 As You Know? (/wiki/As_You_Know%3F) TV shows Keyakitte, Kakenai? (/wiki/Keyakitte,_Kakenai%3F) KeyaBingo! (/wiki/KeyaBingo!) Soko Magattara, Sakurazaka? (/wiki/Soko_Magattara,_Sakurazaka%3F) Video games Uni's On Air (/wiki/Uni%27s_On_Air) Sakamichi Series (/wiki/Sakamichi_Series) sister groups Nogizaka46 (/wiki/Nogizaka46) Yoshimotozaka46 (/wiki/Yoshimotozaka46) Hinatazaka46 (/wiki/Hinatazaka46) v t e Hinatazaka46 (/wiki/Hinatazaka46) Members 1st Generation Mei Higashimura Shiho Katō (/wiki/Shiho_Kat%C5%8D) Kumi Sasaki (/wiki/Kumi_Sasaki) (captain) Mirei Sasaki (/wiki/Mirei_Sasaki) Ayaka Takamoto Mana Takase 2nd Generation Hiyori Hamagishi Miku Kanemura (/wiki/Miku_Kanemura) Hina Kawata Nao Kosaka (/wiki/Nao_Kosaka) Konoka Matsuda (/wiki/Konoka_Matsuda) Akari Nibu (/wiki/Akari_Nibu) Suzuka Tomita 3rd Generation Hinano Kamimura Marie Morimoto Mikuni Takahashi Haruyo Yamaguchi 4th Generation Kaho Fujishima Tamaki Ishizuka Honoka Hirao Mitsuki Hiraoka Nanami Konishi Sumire Miyachi Rio Shimizu Yōko Shōgenji Kirari Takeuchi Rina Watanabe Haruka Yamashita Notable former members Neru Nagahama Miho Watanabe (/wiki/Miho_Watanabe) Manamo Miyata (/wiki/Manamo_Miyata) Yūka Kageyama (/wiki/Y%C5%ABka_Kageyama) Kyōko Saitō (/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dko_Sait%C5%8D) Singles " Kyun (/wiki/Kyun_(song)) " " Do Re Mi Sol La Si Do (/wiki/Do_Re_Mi_Sol_La_Si_Do) " " Konna ni Suki ni Natchatte Ii no? 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Fashion competition for students Junk Kouture Junk Kouture logo Genre Entertainment Created by Troy Armour Presented by Sean Treacy Órla Morris-Toolen Judges Louis Walsh (/wiki/Louis_Walsh) Rozanna Purcell (/wiki/Rozanna_Purcell) Laura Whitmore (/wiki/Laura_Whitmore) Mehreen Baig (/wiki/Mehreen_Baig) Nicole McLaughlin (/w/index.php?title=Nicole_McLaughlin&action=edit&redlink=1) Soulé (/wiki/Soul%C3%A9_(singer)) Ben Barry Emma McKee Fabio Paris Jean-Baptiste Andreani Lise Pierron Matteo Ward Sara Maino Haifa Beseisso Fatema Almulla Aleena Khan Stephen McLaughlin Jane Leavey Tracy Fahey Country of origin Ireland No. of seasons 12 Original release Network RTÉ One (/wiki/RT%C3%89_One) / RTÉ2 (/wiki/RT%C3%892) Junk Kouture [1] (#cite_note-1) is a television fashion competition for post-primary school students, where participants design, create and model fashion, made from recycled items. The competition has run in Ireland (/wiki/Ireland) , since it was founded in 2010, by Troy Armour. [2] (#cite_note-2) The annual Grand Finale has been held in the 3Arena (/wiki/3Arena) , Dublin (/wiki/Dublin) since 2015. [3] (#cite_note-3) The current holder of the Junk Kouture Overall Winner for 2021 is 'Iconoclastic Fantastic' [4] (#cite_note-4) – created by Alicia Rostermundt from Coláiste Bríde, Enniscorthy (/wiki/Enniscorthy) . Junk Kouture launched in New York (/wiki/New_York_City) , London (/wiki/London) and Abu Dhabi (/wiki/Abu_Dhabi) in 2021, with competitions opening in September 2021 for each of these new cities. [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-:0-6) Competition [ edit ] Junk Kouture 2010-2019 [ edit ] Junk Kouture was created in 2010 by businessman Troy Armour, from Buncrana (/wiki/Buncrana) , County Donegal (/wiki/County_Donegal) . Inspired by similar initiatives being run by schools throughout Ireland (/wiki/Ireland) , Armour explored how to bring these initiatives to a live setting with a performance aspect brought into the mix. [7] (#cite_note-7) The first edition of Junk Kouture saw the competition hold regional finals throughout Ireland, in Derry (/wiki/Derry) , Naas (/wiki/Naas) , Athlone (/wiki/Athlone) and Clonmel (/wiki/Clonmel) , before the first Grand Final took place in the Burlington Hotel (/wiki/Burlington_Hotel_(Dublin)) , Dublin (/wiki/Dublin) . Judges for the first competition were a selection of local designers and hairdressers, and the first winner was Urban Armour – a design created from aluminium drinks cans and ring pulls, by Grainne Wilson from Presentation Secondary School, Clonmel. [8] (#cite_note-8) In 2012, venue sizes were increased, with locations including the Europa Hotel (/wiki/Europa_Hotel,_Belfast) , Belfast (/wiki/Belfast) , The Crown Plaza, Blanchardstown (/wiki/Blanchardstown) , Hudson Bay, Athlone (/wiki/Athlone) and The Strand, Limerick (/wiki/Limerick) , with the Grand Final moving to the Citywest Hotel, Dublin (/wiki/Dublin) . New judges were also brought in for the second instalment, with stylist and presenter Angela Scanlon (/wiki/Angela_Scanlon) and designer Zoe Boomer being part of the panel. Lady Data was crowned Overall Winner – a design created out of recycled computer parts including circuit boards (/wiki/Circuit_boards) and keyboard keys, by students from Colaiste Bride, Enniscorthy (/wiki/Enniscorthy) - Sarah Greene, Michaela Doyle and Kelly Bolger. [9] (#cite_note-9) This edition also saw the introduction of new prize categories including the Glamour Prize , the winners of which travelled to London (/wiki/London) to appear at the Royal Film Performance (/wiki/Royal_Film_Performance) of The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey (/wiki/The_Hobbit:_An_Unexpected_Journey) , and to Cannes (/wiki/Cannes) for the Cannes Film Festival (/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival) . [10] (#cite_note-10) In 2013, Junk Kouture shows were moved from hotels to theatres – Millennium Forum, Derry (/wiki/Derry) ; The Helix (/wiki/The_Helix,_Dublin) , Dublin (/wiki/Dublin) ; The Royal Theatre, Castlebar (/wiki/Castlebar) ; and University of Limerick (/wiki/University_of_Limerick) 's Concert Hall. [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) Junk Kouture also moved its Grand Final to the Bord Gais Energy Theatre (/wiki/Bord_Gais_Energy_Theatre) , Dublin (/wiki/Dublin) for the first time. Judges included presenter Darren Kennedy (/wiki/Darren_Kennedy) and model Faye Dinsmore. Students Ceile Corbett, Annie Corbett, Shannon McCarthy from Coláiste Iosaef, Kilmallock (/wiki/Kilmallock) were crowned Overall Winners with their design Ultra Violet Wash [13] (#cite_note-13) – created from clothes pegs and lint found in the filters of dryers. [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) In 2014, after the completion of Regional Finals, tickets went on sale for the Grand Final to be held in the Bord Gais Energy Theatre (/wiki/Bord_Gais_Energy_Theatre) , only to sell-out in a number of hours. [16] (#cite_note-16) The demand resulted in the Grand Final being moved to the 3Arena (/wiki/3Arena) , Dublin (/wiki/Dublin) . X-Factor (/wiki/X-Factor) judge and music manager Louis Walsh (/wiki/Louis_Walsh) and former Miss World (/wiki/Miss_World) Rosanna Davison (/wiki/Rosanna_Davison) joined the judging panel, whilst TV presenter Glenda Gilson (/wiki/Glenda_Gilson) took the reins as show host. [17] (#cite_note-17) Students from Our Lady's Bower, Athlone (/wiki/Athlone) - Ruth Gallagher, Jane Wallace, Emma Kinsella were announced as Overall Winners for their design Pine-A-Colada , [18] (#cite_note-18) created from old rope, pine cones and dried pineapple. [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) In 2015, the competition format continued with four regional finals around Ireland, as well as the Grand Final being held in the 3Arena (/wiki/3Arena) . There was further changes to the judging panel, with TV personality Vogue Williams (/wiki/Vogue_Williams) and celebrity stylist Rob Condon replacing Darren Kennedy (/wiki/Darren_Kennedy) and Rosanna Davison (/wiki/Rosanna_Davison) . [21] (#cite_note-21) Roscommon (/wiki/Roscommon) -native Luke McEvoy from Elphin Community College, took home the Overall Winners prize for his design Le Paon Majestueux , made from chicken wire, old magazines, aluminium and peacock feathers. In doing so, Luke became the first male to be crowned Overall Winner of Junk Kouture. [22] (#cite_note-22) [23] (#cite_note-23) Junk Kouture grew further in 2016, when the demand in Ireland increased to the point where a further regional final was added to the programme. This would take place in The Helix (/wiki/The_Helix,_Dublin) , Dublin (/wiki/Dublin) - meaning that there would be two shows held back-to-back for the first time in one venue. Fashion Editor for Vogue India (/wiki/Vogue_India) , Lorna McGee joined the judging panel for the first time, and Our Lady's Bower, Athlone (/wiki/Athlone) picked up their second Overall Winner prize, with Jennifer Siak, Emma Clarke, Eleanor Dwyer's Jewel of the Nylon [24] (#cite_note-24) - created from recycled ladies tights - claiming the top prize. [25] (#cite_note-25) Junk Kouture was crowned Overall Event of the Year and the annual Event Industry Awards in Ireland (/wiki/Ireland) , [26] (#cite_note-26) beating off events such as the Centenary of the Easter Rising (/wiki/Centenary_of_the_Easter_Rising) . [27] (#cite_note-27) In 2017, Junk Kouture launched its presence in Scotland (/wiki/Scotland) for the first time, holding its final in the SECC (/wiki/SEC_Centre) , Glasgow (/wiki/Glasgow) . [28] (#cite_note-28) [29] (#cite_note-29) The winning entry Wear No Evil was created by students Ayden Bryson-Sword, Ellie Byrne and Ummi Ibrahim from St. Paul's RC Academy (/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Roman_Catholic_Academy) and was made up of old maps. [30] (#cite_note-30) The entry would then join the Irish competition for the Grand Final. Music star Una Healy (/wiki/Una_Healy) from The Saturdays (/wiki/The_Saturdays) joined the judging panel, along with make-up artist Rhys Ellis - who would later go on to star in Netflix (/wiki/Netflix) show Glow Up: Britain's Next Make-Up Star (/wiki/Glow_Up:_Britain%27s_Next_Make-Up_Star) . [31] (#cite_note-31) Scoil Mhuire, Buncrana (/wiki/Buncrana) student Mariusz Malon picked up the Overall Winner prize with his design Enigmatic , created from a trampoline, a broken chandelier and a recycled carpet maker. [32] (#cite_note-32) [33] (#cite_note-33) The emergence of the Beast from the East (/wiki/2018_British_Isles_cold_wave) storm in February 2018 caused havoc in the Junk Kouture calendar, with the company being forced to hold four of its regional finals in The Helix (/wiki/The_Helix,_Dublin) , Dublin (/wiki/Dublin) , with the South regional final going ahead in University Concert Hall, Limerick (/wiki/Limerick) being the only survivor. [34] (#cite_note-34) The 3Arena again played host to the 2018 finalists, with Pippa O'Connor Ormond joining the judging the panel for the first time. For the third time, an entry from Our Lady's Bower, Athlone (/wiki/Athlone) won the Overall Prize, as Mary Brody's MOO [35] (#cite_note-35) - created from 300 milk cartons and 30,000 O-rings - took home the title. [36] (#cite_note-36) Junk Kouture 2019 winner - 'Cinematic' Junk Kouture returned to normal in 2019, with over 4000 participants. TV presenter Doireann Garrihy (/wiki/Garrihy_sisters) joined the judging panel for the first time. [37] (#cite_note-37) With 80 Grand Finalists selected from the five regions, Maxim O'Sullivan from Pobalscoil Chorca Dhuibhne in Dingle (/wiki/Dingle) , County Kerry (/wiki/County_Kerry) was crowned Overall Winner for his design Cinematic . [38] (#cite_note-38) [39] (#cite_note-39) The design was made from old film reels, VHS tapes and DVDs (/wiki/DVD) , all taken from his family-owned cinema - The Phoenix . It had been Maxim's second time entering Junk Kouture, and his design went on to be showcased in Cannes (/wiki/Cannes) during the acclaimed Cannes Film Festival (/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival) , [40] (#cite_note-40) and at the Royal Film Performance (/wiki/Royal_Film_Performance) of 1917 in London (/wiki/London) . [41] (#cite_note-41) 2020 and the impact of COVID-19 [ edit ] Due to celebrate its tenth edition in 2020, Junk Kouture's competition ran as normal up until March 2020, when the COVID-19 (/wiki/COVID-19) pandemic began to spread throughout Ireland (/wiki/Ireland) . With a partnership in place with public service broadcaster RTE (/wiki/RTE) for the first time, the programme got off to an incredible start with record numbers of voters in its Lifeline and Wildcard voting processes and selling out three of its five regional finals in record time. [42] (#cite_note-42) Having completed its regional finals by the beginning of March 2020, Junk Kouture had found its 80 Grand Finalists and also engaged a new judge - RuPaul's Drag Race (/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Drag_Race) star Michelle Visage (/wiki/Michelle_Visage) for the Grand Final of the competition. [43] (#cite_note-43) With the Grand Final scheduled for April 2020 in the 3Arena (/wiki/3Arena) , Junk Kouture was forced to initially postpone the event, [44] (#cite_note-44) and then cancel it completely. Move to digital and first RTÉ broadcast [ edit ] Junk Kouture moved its competition online, piloting Summer Series - a 12-week long content campaign on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) - Junk Kouture, RTE (/wiki/RTE) and Dublin (/wiki/Dublin) production company FUEL opened discussions about a televised broadcast of a reformatted Grand Final. [45] (#cite_note-45) The format would involve Junk Kouture finalists being recorded in venues in their regions in a COVID-19 (/wiki/COVID-19) -compliant fashion, in a similar style to the online fashion shows of Yves Saint Laurent (/wiki/Yves_Saint_Laurent_(brand)) during lockdown (/wiki/Lockdown) . Recording took place in venues including Castle Leslie Estate, Monaghan (/wiki/Monaghan) ; Gloster House (/wiki/Gloster_House) , Offaly (/wiki/Offaly) ; Kennedy Rooms, Limerick (/wiki/Limerick) ; Ballybeg House, Wicklow (/wiki/Wicklow) ; and Smock Alley Theatre (/wiki/Smock_Alley_Theatre) , Dublin (/wiki/Dublin) . [46] (#cite_note-46) On 4 February 2021, the 2020 Junk Kouture Grand Final was broadcast on RTE2 (/wiki/RTE2) - presented by RTE 2FM (/wiki/RTE_2FM) hosts Laura Fox and Emma Power, and featuring a performance from Irish singer, Aimée (/wiki/Aim%C3%A9e) . Synergy - a design created from sea glass and plastic cartons by Carndonagh Community School (/wiki/Carndonagh_Community_School) students Brónach Harkin, Robyn O'Donnell and Orlaith Doherty. [47] (#cite_note-47) On 9 December 2021, the 2021 Junk Kouture Grand Final was broadcast on RTE2 (/wiki/RTE2) , where Iconoclastic Fantastic - a design inspired by Jean-Paul Gaultier (/wiki/Jean-Paul_Gaultier) and Janelle Monáe (/wiki/Janelle_Mon%C3%A1e) made from seatbelts and a second-hand trouser suit, and created by German exchange student Alicia Rostermundt from Coláiste Bríde, Enniscorthy (/wiki/Enniscorthy) - took home the Overall Winner award. [48] (#cite_note-48) Format [ edit ] Junk Kouture is a competition for post-primary school students – aged 13–18. Students must design and create an item of haute couture created from only recycled materials. To date, the concept of the event has involved participants showcasing their designs initially online through registration, then at Regional Finals, and finally in a Grand Final - typically held in the 3Arena (/wiki/3Arena) , Dublin (/wiki/Dublin) . Designs are judged by a panel made up of industry experts, past contestants and celebrities. Each design gets one minute on stage, performing to a song of their own choice, with performance playing as key a role as the design and craftsmanship shown in the design. [49] (#cite_note-49) Regional finals [ edit ] In Ireland (/wiki/Ireland) , there was five regional shows: North ( Derry (/wiki/Derry) ); East ( Dublin (/wiki/Dublin) ); South-East ( Dublin (/wiki/Dublin) ); South ( Limerick (/wiki/Limerick) ); and West ( Castlebar (/wiki/Castlebar) ). Fifteen designs from each final are selected for progression to the Overall Grand Final, whilst another five entrants are selected through the Wildcard process. These designs are selected by partners. In 2020, Media Partner RTE (/wiki/RTE) were responsible for the selection of the five Wildcard designs, with radio presenter and fashion guru Tara Stewart (/w/index.php?title=Tara_Stewart&action=edit&redlink=1) making the selections. [50] (#cite_note-50) Grand final [ edit ] In 2015, Junk Kouture moved its Grand Final event to Ireland's largest arena, 3Arena (/wiki/3Arena) , Dublin (/wiki/Dublin) for the first time. Since then, it has held each of its Grand Finals in the venue, attracting over 20,000 audience members in the process. The first Grand Final held in the 3Arena, was won by Le Paon Majestueux , created by Roscommon (/wiki/Roscommon) -student Luke McEvoy. [51] (#cite_note-51) [52] (#cite_note-52) In Ireland, national broadcaster RTE (/wiki/RTE) aired the 2020 Grand Final for the first time in February 2021, with a 50-minute broadcast on the RTE2 (/wiki/RTE2) channel. [53] (#cite_note-53) This was subsequently followed by a further broadcast of the 2021 Grand Final in December 2021. International competition [ edit ] In 2021, Junk Kouture announced that it would hold its first ever series of international competitions [6] (#cite_note-:0-6) [54] (#cite_note-54) in 2022. This would see the programme open in five new cities - London (/wiki/London) , New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) , Milan (/wiki/Milan) , Paris (/wiki/Paris) and Abu Dhabi (/wiki/Abu_Dhabi) . These competitions, along with the established Irish competition would then see students compete against each other in a global final in 2022. Judges [ edit ] The judging panel has been made up of both industry experts and education professionals since the first edition in 2010. In most recent years, celebrity judges have been included in judging panels, with mainstay and X-Factor (/wiki/X-Factor) star Louis Walsh (/wiki/Louis_Walsh) being joined by Rosanna Davison (/wiki/Rosanna_Davison) , Una Healy (/wiki/Una_Healy) , [55] (#cite_note-55) Pippa O'Connor Ormond, Doireann Garrihy (/wiki/Doireann_Garrihy) , Rob Condon, Lorna McGee and Vogue Williams (/wiki/Vogue_Williams) since 2014. Core judges have included Stephen McLaughlin (a former Junk Kouture contestant), Tracy Fahey (Limerick School of Art & Design) and Jane Leavey ( Griffith College (/wiki/Griffith_College) , Dublin (/wiki/Dublin) ) since 2018. In 2020, RuPaul's Drag Race (/wiki/RuPaul%27s_Drag_Race) star Michelle Visage (/wiki/Michelle_Visage) joined the programme as a judge. [56] (#cite_note-56) In 2021, upon international expansion, judges were secured for the competition in the United States - Ben Barry, (Dean of Fashion, Parsons School of Design (/wiki/Parsons_School_of_Design) ; cross-stitch artist Emma McKee (The StitchGawd); and innovative designer, Nicole McLaughlin. In the United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) , Head of Fashion at Central St Martins (/wiki/Central_St_Martins) , Fabio Piras was joined by media personality Laura Whitmore (/wiki/Laura_Whitmore) and author Mehreen Baig (/wiki/Mehreen_Baig) on the judging panel. In Italy, Piras was joined by journalist Sara Maino ( Vogue Italy (/wiki/Vogue_Italy) ) and climate activist Matteo Ward ( Fashion Revolution (/wiki/Fashion_Revolution) ). In France, model Lise Pierron and Jean-Baptiste Andreani (CEO, Institut Français de la Mode (/wiki/Institut_Fran%C3%A7ais_de_la_Mode) ) were selected as judges. In UAE (/wiki/UAE) , businesswoman and founder of CTZN Cosmetics, Aleena Khan, influencer Haifa Beseisso (/wiki/Haifa_Beseisso) and Fatema Aref Almulla (UAE Ministry of Climate Change and Environment) made up the panel. For the Ireland competition, Louis Walsh (/wiki/Louis_Walsh) and Stephen McLaughlin were joined by author Rozanna Purcell (/wiki/Rozanna_Purcell) and musician Soulé (/wiki/Soul%C3%A9_(singer)) . These judges were responsible for selecting the first ever 'Top 10' from each country that would represent their nation at the Junk Kouture World Final. Junk Kouture winners by year [ edit ] Year Winner School Design Name Materials 2011 Grainne Wilson Presentation Secondary School, Clonmel (/wiki/Clonmel) Urban Armour Aluminium drink cans and pull tabs 2012 Sarah Greene, Michaela Doyle, Kelly Bolger Colaiste Bride, Enniscorthy (/wiki/Enniscorthy) Lady Data Recycled computer parts including circuit boards and keyboard keys 2013 Ceile Corbett, Annie Corbett, Shannon McCarthy Coláiste Iosaef, Kilmallock (/wiki/Kilmallock) Ultra Violet Wash Clothes pegs and lint found in the filters of dryers 2014 Ruth Gallagher, Jane Wallace, Emma Kinsella Our Lady's Bower, Athlone (/wiki/Athlone) Pine-A-Colada Rope, pine cones and dried pineapple 2015 Luke McEvoy, Sarah Cox (model) Elphin Community College, Roscommon (/wiki/Roscommon) Le Paon Majestueux Chicken wire, old magazines, aluminium and peacock feathers 2016 Jennifer Siak, Emma Clarke, Eleanor Dwyer Our Lady's Bower, Athlone (/wiki/Athlone) Jewel of the Nylon Recycled ladies tights 2017 Mariusz Malon Scoil Mhuire, Buncrana (/wiki/Buncrana) Enigmatic Trampoline, a broken chandelier, recycled carpet maker 2018 Mary Brody Our Lady's Bower, Athlone (/wiki/Athlone) MOO 300 milk cartons, 30,000 O rings 2019 Maxim O'Sullivan Pobalscoil Chorca Dhuibhne, Dingle (/wiki/Dingle) Cinematic Old film trailers, video tape and DVDs 2020 Brónach Harkin, Robyn O'Donnell, Orlaith Doherty Carndonagh Community School (/wiki/Carndonagh_Community_School) , Donegal (/wiki/County_Donegal) Synergy Sea glass, plastic milk cartons and smashed jam jars References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Junk Kouture - Official Website" (http://www.junkkouture.com) . Junk Kouture - Official Website . ^ (#cite_ref-2) McQuillan, Deirdre. "Junk Kouture goes global as fashionistas embrace recycling" (https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/fashion/junk-kouture-goes-global-as-fashionistas-embrace-recycling-1.4462348) . The Irish Times . Retrieved 30 January 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Fetherston, Sinann (31 January 2021). "Emma Power on bringing the Junk Kouture final to RTÉ2" (https://www.rte.ie/lifestyle/fashion/2021/0125/1191854-junk-kouture-final-to-be-aired-on-rte2/) . RTÉ . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Iconcoclastic Fantastic crowned Junk Kouture winner" (https://about.rte.ie/2021/12/10/design-iconoclastic-fantastic-wins-over-the-judges-to-become-11th-winner-of-junk-kouture-powered-by-rte/) . rte.ie . rte.ie . Retrieved 10 December 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Roshitsh, Kaley (22 September 2021). "What Is Climate Week to Fashion?" (https://wwd.com/sustainability/business/what-is-climate-week-nyc-fashion-united-nations-1234936443/) . WWD . Retrieved 5 October 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b Shultz, Tyler. "Junk Kouture Enters U.S. Market" (http://www.apparelnews.net/news/2021/sep/27/irish-initiative-junk-kouture-enters-us-market/) . California Apparel News . Retrieved 5 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Junk Kouture: The story so far" (https://www.rte.ie/learn/senior-cycle/2021/0202/1194553-junk-kouture-the-story-so-far/) . RTÉ . 2 February 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Tipperary Student announced as Junk Kouture Judge" (https://tipptatler.ie/2014/12/tipperary-student-announced-as-junk-kouture-judge/) . Tipp Tatler Magazine . 15 December 2014 . Retrieved 5 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) O'connor, Ruth. "Wexford students win junk style award" (https://www.irishtimes.com/news/wexford-students-win-junk-style-award-1.505545) . The Irish Times . Retrieved 5 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Junk Kouture turns heads at Cannes Film Festival" (https://www.rte.ie/entertainment/2013/0519/451259-junk-kouture-cannes-film-festival-2013/) . RTÉ.ie . RTÉ.ie. 19 May 2013 . Retrieved 19 May 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Junk Kouture 2014" (https://johnthebaptistcs.ie/junk-kouture-2014/) . John The Baptist Community School . 11 March 2014 . Retrieved 5 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Time running out for students to enter Junk Kouture" (https://www.westmeathindependent.ie/2013/01/21/time-running-out-for-students-to-enter-junk-kouture/) . Westmeath Independent . Retrieved 5 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Westmeath students take top prize at Junk Kouture final" (https://www.advertiser.ie/athlone/article/60578/westmeath-outfits-scoop-awards-at-junk-kouture-final) . Athlone Advertiser . Athlone Advertiser . Retrieved 26 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Brien, Katie O'. "Junk Kouture 2013 National Winners - Ultra Violet Wash" (http://www.insightkatie.com/2013/04/junk-kouture-2013-national-winners.html) . INSIGHT . Retrieved 5 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Ultra Violet Wash Junk Kouture winner 2013 with teacher Niamh | Upcycled fashion, Trash fashion, Fashion" (https://www.pinterest.com.au/pin/310748443012879758/) . Pinterest . Retrieved 5 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Green Award nomination for Junk Kouture" (https://www.londonderrysentinel.co.uk/news/green-award-nomination-junk-kouture-2703504) . www.londonderrysentinel.co.uk . Retrieved 5 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Drag Race's Michelle Visage to judge Irish Junk Couture competition alongside Louis Walsh" (https://www.independent.ie/style/celebrity/drag-races-michelle-visage-to-judge-irish-junk-couture-competition-alongside-louis-walsh-39610525.html) . independent . Retrieved 5 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Woods, Elle. "Junk Kouture 2014 winner revealed!" (http://the-real-elle-woods.blogspot.com/2014/05/winner-of-junk-kouture-2014-revealled.html) . The Real Elle Woods . Retrieved 14 May 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "Emma, Jane and Ruth Win Junk Kouture 2014" (http://www.ourladysbower.com/emma-jane-and-ruth-win-junk-kouture-2014/) . www.ourladysbower.com . Retrieved 5 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Here comes the Junk – Deadline for recycled fashion competition looms closer : Laois Tatler" (http://laoistatler.ie/2015/01/here-comes-the-junk-deadline-for-recycled-fashion-competition-looms-closer/) . laoistatler.ie . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Vogue snaps, crackles and pops for designer junk competition" (https://www.independent.ie/regionals/herald/lifestyle/vogue-snaps-crackles-and-pops-for-designer-junk-competition-30888144.html) . independent . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) O'Brien, Kelly (27 April 2015). "A load of rubbish at the Junk Kouture final" (https://www.irishexaminer.com/news/arid-20327143.html) . Irish Examiner . Irish Examiner . Retrieved 27 April 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) Guinan, Sean. "Le Paon Majestueux Scoops Bank of Ireland Junk Kouture 2015 Crown" (https://www.bankofireland.com/about-bank-of-ireland/press-releases/2015/le-paon-majestueux-scoops-bank-of-ireland-junk-kouture-2015-crown/) . Bank of Ireland Group Website . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Hyland, Claire (15 April 2016). "Jewel of the Nylon wows the judges at this year's Junk Kouture Competition" (https://evoke.ie/2016/04/15/extra/events/junk-koture-2016-competiton) . Evoke.ie . Evoke.ie . Retrieved 15 April 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) Guinan, Sean. "Jewel of the Nylon has been crowned the winner of Bank of Ireland Junk Kouture 2016" (https://www.bankofireland.com/about-bank-of-ireland/press-releases/2016/jewel-of-the-nylon-has-been-crowned-the-winner-of-bank-of-ireland-junk-kouture-2016/) . Bank of Ireland Group Website . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Junk Kouture wins 'Best event in Ireland' (https://www.derryjournal.com/news/junk-kouture-wins-best-event-ireland-1218243) " (https://www.derryjournal.com/news/junk-kouture-wins-best-event-ireland-1218243) . Derry Journal . Derry Journal . Retrieved 22 July 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "2016 Winners | Event Industry Awards" (https://www.eia.ie/2016-winners) . AI Awards . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) Live, Glasgow (11 February 2017). "Glasgow schools awarded for fashion design skills at Junk Kouture final" (http://www.glasgowlive.co.uk/news/glasgow-news/glasgow-schools-awarded-innovative-fashion-12590440) . GlasgowLive . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) EntryPack_Scotland_2017_WEB . ^ (#cite_ref-30) "Our Amazing Scottish Winner "Wear No Evil" (https://twitter.com/junkkouture/status/831229247729627137?lang=en) " (https://twitter.com/junkkouture/status/831229247729627137?lang=en) . ^ (#cite_ref-31) Limited, Alamy. "Judge Una Healy of The Saturdays during the Bank of Ireland Junk Kouture 2017 contest launch at Charlotte Quay in Dublin Stock Photo - Alamy" (https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-judge-una-healy-of-the-saturdays-during-the-bank-of-ireland-junk-kouture-118096365.html) . www.alamy.com . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) "Una Healy makes the cut in dazzling thigh-slit dress as she judges 'rubbish' fashion show" (https://www.independent.ie/style/fashion/style-talk/una-healy-makes-the-cut-in-dazzling-thigh-slit-dress-as-she-judges-rubbish-fashion-show-35662141.html) . independent . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) Hyl, Claire (28 April 2017). "Mariusz Malon is the 'Enigmatic' winner of this year's Junk Koture Competition" (https://evoke.ie/2017/04/28/entertainment/events/junk-kouture-competition) . EVOKE.ie . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "Bank of Ireland Junk Kouture Grand Final 2018" (https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/bank-of-ireland-junk-kouture-grand-final-2018-1.3467267) . The Irish Times . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) Hyland, Claire (20 April 2018). "No Rubbish here! Mary Brody takes top prize at Junk kouture" (https://evoke.ie/2018/04/20/extra/events/junk-koture-competition-2018) . Evoke.ie . Evoke.ie . Retrieved 20 April 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-36) Staff Reporter (20 April 2018). "Limerick school among winners at Junk Kouture finals" (https://www.limerickpost.ie/2018/04/20/limerick-school-among-winners-at-junk-kouture-finals/) . Limerick Post Newspaper . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-37) "Bank of Ireland Junk Kouture 2019 Launch" (http://lhpublicity.ie/junk-kouture-2019-launch/) . Lindsey Holmes Publicity . 6 September 2018 . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-38) Gaffey, Corina (3 May 2019). "Kerry student cleans up with cinematic design at 2019 Junk Kouture competition" (https://evoke.ie/2019/05/03/style/fashion-fix/thrash-to-treasure) . Evoke.ie . Evoke.ie . Retrieved 3 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-39) "Dublin Main Campus | Griffith College Awards Scholarship at Junk Kouture 2019 | Griffith College" (https://www.griffith.ie/locations/dublin/news/griffith-college-awards-scholarship-junk-kouture-2019) . www.griffith.ie . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-40) McLaughlin, Rachel (24 May 2019). "Young Donegal designers take over Cannes Red Carpet" (https://www.donegalwoman.ie/2019/05/24/young-donegal-designers-take-over-the-red-carpet-at-cannes/) . Donegal Woman . Donegal Woman . Retrieved 24 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-41) "Junk Kouture 2019 Finalists step out alongside Royal Family – Junk Kouture" (https://junkkouture.com/junk-kouture-2019-finalists-step-out-alongside-royal-family/) . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-42) "Junk Kouture announces RTÉ partnership Ireland's top secondary school design competition to be powered by RTÉ. – Junk Kouture" (https://junkkouture.com/junk-kouture-announces-rte-partnership-irelands-top-secondary-school-design-competition-to-be-powered-by-rte/) . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-43) "Junk Kouture Winner 2020" (https://www.creativeireland.gov.ie/en/news/junk-kouture-winner-2020/) . Creative Ireland Programme . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-44) Scully, Meghann (10 March 2020). "Junk Kouture Grand Final postponed" (https://www.limerickpost.ie/2020/03/10/junk-kouture-final-has-been-postponed/) . Limerick Post . Limerick Post . Retrieved 10 March 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-45) "David McWilliams, Melvin Benn Among Expert Speakers at Fuel the Future: the Reboot" (https://extra.ie/2021/03/05/business/irish/david-mcwilliams-melvin-benn-fuel-the-future) . Extra.ie . 5 March 2021 . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-46) Hartnett, Alan (2 February 2021). "Laois students set for RTE TV appearance for All-Ireland Junk Kouture Final" (https://www.laoistoday.ie/2021/02/02/laois-students-set-for-rte-tv-appearance-for-all-ireland-junk-kouture-final/) . Laois Today . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-47) O'Donoghue, Denise (4 February 2021). "Donegal trio win top prize in Junk Kouture" (https://www.irishexaminer.com/lifestyle/fashionandbeauty/arid-40220558.html) . Irish Examiner . Irish Examiner . Retrieved 4 February 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-48) Moloney, Eoghan (10 December 2021). "Wexford exchange student's 'Iconoclastic Fantastic' lands top prize" (https://www.independent.ie/style/fashion/junk-kouture-grand-final-wexford-exchange-students-iconoclastic-fantastic-lands-2021-prize-41136055.html) . Irish Independent . Retrieved 10 December 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-49) "Make high end couture from your junk" (https://atlasofthefuture.org/project/junk-kouture/) . Atlas of the Future . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-50) "Tara Stewart announces Junk Kouture Wildcards" (https://www.rte.ie/lifestyle/fashion/2020/0406/1128825-tara-stewart-announces-five-junk-kouture-wildcard-finalists/) . RTE.ie . RTE. 6 April 2020 . Retrieved 6 April 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-51) "Competition Rules – Junk Kouture" (https://junkkouture.com/about-junk-kouture/competition-rules/) . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-52) "Junk Kouture Grand Final to be televised for the first time ever" (https://www.creativeireland.gov.ie/en/news/junk-kouture-grand-final-to-be-televised-for-the-first-time-ever/) . Creative Ireland Programme . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-53) "Junk Kouture Grand Final to be televised for the first time ever" (https://www.creativeireland.gov.ie/en/news/junk-kouture-grand-final-to-be-televised-for-the-first-time-ever/) . Creative Ireland . Creative Ireland . Retrieved 1 February 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-54) Tucker, Charlotte (14 July 2021). "Ireland-based Junk Kouture secures €848K to expand its youth sustainability fashion event to 13 cities" (https://www.eu-startups.com/2021/07/ireland-based-junk-kouture-secures-e848k-to-expand-its-youth-sustainability-fashion-event-to-13-cities/) . EU-Startups . Retrieved 6 October 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-55) Blake Knox, Kirsty. "Una Healy makes the cut in dazzling thigh-slit dress as she judges 'rubbish' fashion show" (https://www.independent.ie/style/fashion/style-talk/una-healy-makes-the-cut-in-dazzling-thigh-slit-dress-as-she-judges-rubbish-fashion-show-35662141.html) . Independent.ie . The Irish Independent . Retrieved 28 April 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-56) O'Loughlin, Ciara. "Michelle Visage joins Junk Kouture judging panel" (https://www.independent.ie/style/celebrity/drag-races-michelle-visage-to-judge-irish-junk-couture-competition-alongside-louis-walsh-39610525.html) . Independent.ie . The Irish Independent . Retrieved 11 October 2019 . 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American fashion designer Heron Preston Preston in 2019 Born Heron Preston Johnson ( 1983-04-18 ) April 18, 1983 (age 41) Nationality American Education Parsons School of Design (/wiki/Parsons_School_of_Design) Occupation(s) Designer, artist, and DJ Label Heron Preston Heron Preston Johnson [1] (#cite_note-how-1) is an American artist (/wiki/Artist) , fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_design) , and disc jockey (/wiki/Disc_jockey) . He is a co-founder of the men's streetwear brand Been Trill, alongside Virgil Abloh (/wiki/Virgil_Abloh) , Justin Saunders, and others; and founder of his eponymous brand, Heron Preston. [2] (#cite_note-auto-2) Education [ edit ] Preston moved to New York (/wiki/New_York_(state)) in 2004 to attend Parsons School of Design (/wiki/Parsons_School_of_Design) . [1] (#cite_note-how-1) He graduated in 2007, and stayed in New York to pursue a career in fashion (/wiki/Fashion) . Career [ edit ] Al Moran, one of the founders of the Morán Morán (/wiki/Mor%C3%A1n_Mor%C3%A1n) art gallery, discovered Preston's blog featuring street photography (/wiki/Street_photography) and offered him a publishing deal. [3] (#cite_note-3) Preston worked as a marketing specialist and social media director for Nike (/wiki/Nike,_Inc.) . He also worked as an art director for Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) , for whom he designed tour merchandise and acted as a consultant for West's album The Life of Pablo (/wiki/The_Life_of_Pablo) and his brand Yeezy. [1] (#cite_note-how-1) [4] (#cite_note-4) On September 9, 2016, he launched UNIFORM , a catalog of zero waste themed clothes created in collaboration with the New York City Department of Sanitation (/wiki/New_York_City_Department_of_Sanitation) . [5] (#cite_note-5) In 2017, he opened a pop up shop in Moscow (/wiki/Moscow) , where he sold selected pieces from his collaboration with the DSNY. [6] (#cite_note-6) In 2017, he presented his 2017–2018 fall-winter collection For You, The World at Paris Fashion Week (/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week) . [7] (#cite_note-7) In 2018, Preston launched a new collection in collaboration with NASA (/wiki/NASA) to celebrate its 60th anniversary. The pieces featured in the collection are inspired by the pressure suits worn by astronauts and feature the NASA "worm" logotype. [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) Preston also runs the e-commerce platform HPC Trading Co, where he features his curated collections of art, music and fashion. [2] (#cite_note-auto-2) In addition to his career in fashion, Preston is a DJ and has worked for events organized by brands such as GQ (/wiki/GQ) , Ford (/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company) , Sprite (/wiki/Sprite_(drink)) , and Supreme (/wiki/Supreme_(brand)) . He has also participated in large events and festivals, including Coachella (/wiki/Coachella_Valley_Music_and_Arts_Festival) , Ultra (/wiki/Ultra_Music_Festival) and Fool's Gold Day Off. [12] (#cite_note-memorialday-12) In 2016, Preston released ONE HUNDO , a mixtape including music from Zomby (/wiki/Zomby) , Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) , Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) and Drake (/wiki/Drake_(entertainer)) . [12] (#cite_note-memorialday-12) In 2017, Preston published Honorable Profession , a limited edition of a zine (/wiki/Zine) of convicts and crime scenes photos taken of his father while he was a police officer, which were taken in the 1980s and 1990s in Bayview-Hunters Point, San Francisco (/wiki/Bayview-Hunters_Point,_San_Francisco) . [1] (#cite_note-how-1) These pictures were featured as a series of large print in the BORROWED TIME group art show in Los Angeles. [13] (#cite_note-13) In 2018, Preston collaborated with Carhartt WIP (/wiki/Carhartt) on a capsule collection, which juxtaposes workwear and luxury. [14] (#cite_note-14) Heron Preston collaborated with Justin Timberlake (/wiki/Justin_Timberlake) for the singers' 2018 Man of The Woods Tour merchandise. In 2023 Preston joined H&M (/wiki/H%26M) as Creative Menswear Advisor. [15] (#cite_note-15) Russian cultural influence [ edit ] Many items from the Heron Preston collections (with the exception of limited capsule collections) are decorated with a print or embroidery with the word "style" in the Cyrillic alphabet (/wiki/Cyrillic_alphabet) (CTИЛЬ). Heron noted that this idea came to him in 2014, when he helped a friend with an exhibition dedicated to the hip-hop culture of the 90s. He has stated that he chose to use Cyrillic because of his obsession with Russian culture (/wiki/Russian_culture) and paraphernalia. [16] (#cite_note-16) See also [ edit ] New Guards Group (/wiki/New_Guards_Group) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d Nelson, Karine. "How Heron Preston Went From Making Invitations for Kanye West to His Own Fashion Label" (https://www.wmagazine.com/story/heron-preston-kanye-west-virgil-abloh-young-designer) , W (/wiki/W_(magazine)) , Condé Nast, March 7, 2017. Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ a b Roazen, Ben "Heron Preston Launches HPC Trading Co. E-Commerce Platform" (https://hypebeast.com/2016/2/heron-preston-hpc-trading-co-e-commerce-platform) , Hypebeast, Online, February 1, 2016. Retrieved August 1, 2018 ^ (#cite_ref-3) Freeman, Nate. "Extending Street Cred Into Outer Space The Street Wear Designer Heron Preston Has His Eyes on NASA" (https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/15/fashion/the-kkjfkgkstreet-wear-designer-heron-preston-has-his-eyes-on-nasa.html) , The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) , New York, December 13, 2013. Retrieved July 29, 2018 ^ (#cite_ref-4) De Pascale, Anthony. "Qui est Heron Preston, le designer qui a déjà travaillé avec Nike et Kanye West ?" (https://www.vogue.fr/vogue-hommes/fashion-week/diaporama/heron-preston-fashion-week-homme-automne-hiver-2017-2018-paris/40225#heron-preston-fashion-week-homme-automne-hiver-2017-2018-paris-1_image1) , Vogue Paris (/wiki/Vogue_Paris) , Paris, January 21, 2017. Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Petrarca, Emilia. "Fashion Week's Most Unlikely Pairing: Heron Preston and the New York Department of Sanitation" (https://www.wmagazine.com/story/fashion-weeks-most-unlikely-pairing-heron-preston-and-the-new-york-department-of-sanitation) , W (/wiki/W_(magazine)) , Condé Nast, September 7, 2016. Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-6) Woolf, Jake. "Heron Preston May Be the First "Instagram-First" Fashion Designer" (https://www.gq.com/story/heron-preston-may-be-the-first-instagram-first-fashion-designer) , GQ (/wiki/GQ) , Online, September 7, 2016. Retrieved May 23, 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-7) Estiler, Keith. "For You, The World": Heron Preston's Inaugural Collection Is a Labor of Love" (https://hypebeast.com/2017/1/heron-preston-for-you-the-world-first-collection) , Hypebeast , Online, January 18, 2017. Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-8) van Elven, Marjorie. Heron Preston launches collection in celebration of NASA (https://fashionunited.uk/news/fashion/heron-preston-launches-collection-in-collaboration-with-nasa/2018080831168) , FASHIONUNITED , August 8, 2018. Retrieved September 5, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Rose, Bryan. NASA Releases Streetwear Fashion Line To Celebrate Its 60th Anniversary (http://www.mandatory.com/living/1458951-nasa-releases-streetwear-fashion-line-celebrate-60th-anniversary) , MANDATORY , August 7, 2018. Retrieved September 5, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-10) Pivo, Filippo. La Nasa compie 60 anni e festeggia con la collezione streetwear di Heron Preston (https://www.gqitalia.it/moda/trend/new/2018/08/20/la-nasa-compie-60-anni-e-festeggia-con-la-collezione-streetwear-di-heron-preston/?refresh_ce=) , GQ Italia , Milan, August 20, 2018. Retrieved September 5, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Silver, Dena (January 18, 2018). "Designer Heron Preston Mocked Influencers and Collaborated with NASA" (https://observer.com/2018/01/designer-heron-preston-mocked-influencers-and-collaborated-with-nasa/) . The New York Observer (/wiki/The_New_York_Observer) . Retrieved October 26, 2018 . ^ a b Amarca, Nico. "Heron Preston's Memorial Day Weekend Mixtape Features Cuts by Drake, Beyoncé, Zomby & More" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/2016/05/27/heron-preston-mixtape/) , Highsnobiety (/wiki/Highsnobiety) , Online, May 27, 2016. Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Fox, T.S. "Heron Preston Drops His 'HONORABLE PROFESSION' Zine" (https://hypebeast.com/2017/3/heron-preston-honorable-profession-zine) , Hypebeast , March 7, 2017. Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-14) Johnson, Dustin. "Designer Spotlight: Heron Preston – Founder and Creative Director of Eponymous Label, Heron Preston" (https://theeasystreet.co/article/designer-spotlight-heron-preston-founder-and-creative-director-of-eponymous-label-heron-preston) . Easy Street . Retrieved April 25, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Heron Preston Joins H&M As Creative Menswear Advisor (https://hypebeast.com/2023/9/heron-preston-hm-creative-menswear-advisor-announcement-info) Brycen Saunders, Hypebeast , September 6, 2023 ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Интервью с дизайнером: Херон Престон" (https://instyle.ru/stars/intervyu-s-dizaynerom-kheron-preston-/) (in Russian). instyle.ru . Retrieved June 18, 2019 . Heron Preston talks to Replica Man (https://www.reeditionmagazine.com/replica-magazine/heron-preston) External links [ edit ] Official website (http://heronpreston.com) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8464c9d799‐l9wkx Cached time: 20240703030107 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.326 seconds Real time usage: 0.458 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2022/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 12436/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1732/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 21655/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.180/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4980022/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 419.595 1 -total 41.52% 174.233 1 Template:Infobox_fashion_designer 28.70% 120.440 1 Template:Reflist 21.48% 90.138 1 Template:Cite_news 20.74% 87.010 1 Template:Short_description 11.92% 50.035 19 Template:Main_other 11.50% 48.270 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 10.53% 44.173 2 Template:Pagetype 8.66% 36.332 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age 6.75% 28.338 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:58019419-0!canonical and timestamp 20240703030107 and revision id 1186871294. 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This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/S._B._Satheeshan) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "S. B. Satheeshan" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22S.+B.+Satheeshan%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22S.+B.+Satheeshan%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22S.+B.+Satheeshan%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22S.+B.+Satheeshan%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22S.+B.+Satheeshan%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22S.+B.+Satheeshan%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( April 2024 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) S. B. Satheesan Occupation Costume designer (/wiki/Costume_designer) Years active 1995 – present Awards National Film Awards: Best Costume Designer (/wiki/National_Film_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design) (1998) Kerala State Awards: Best Costume Designer (/wiki/Kerala_State_Film_Award_for_Best_Costume_Designer) (1997, 1998, 2007, 2012) S. B. Satheesan is a national award-winning Indian (/wiki/India) costume designer (/wiki/Costume_designer) or fashion designer working predominantly in Malayalam films (/wiki/Malayalam_films) . [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) Early career [ edit ] Satheeshan grew up in Chemboor, near Venjaramoodu, Kerala. He trained with a neighbourhood tailor and started a tailoring shop named 'S.B. Stichings' at Chemboor. He was discovered by Mayalam film producer Adoor Gopalakrishnan (/wiki/Adoor_Gopalakrishnan) who saw his costume designs in a local theatrical production and hired him to work on Kathapurushan (/wiki/Kathapurushan) . Filmography [ edit ] Year Film Language Director Notes 1995 Kathapurushan (/wiki/Kathapurushan) Malayalam Adoor Gopalakrishnan (/wiki/Adoor_Gopalakrishnan) [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) 1997 Guru (1997 film) (/wiki/Guru_(1997_film)) Malayalam Rajiv Anchal (/wiki/Rajiv_Anchal) [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) 1998 Daya (/wiki/Daya_(film)) Malayalam Venu (cinematographer) (/wiki/Venu_(cinematographer)) 1998 Summer in Bethlehem (/wiki/Summer_in_Bethlehem) Malayalam Sibi Malayil (/wiki/Sibi_Malayil) [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) 1999 Ustaad (/wiki/Ustaad_(1999_film)) Malayalam Sibi Malayil (/wiki/Sibi_Malayil) 2000 Devadoothan (/wiki/Devadoothan) Malayalam Sibi Malayil (/wiki/Sibi_Malayil) 2002 Nizhalkkuthu (/wiki/Nizhalkkuthu) Malayalam Adoor Gopalakrishnan (/wiki/Adoor_Gopalakrishnan) 2004 Black (2004 film) (/wiki/Black_(2004_film)) Malayalam Ranjith (director) (/wiki/Ranjith_(director)) [2] (#cite_note-:0-2) 2005 Athbhutha Dweepu (/wiki/Athbhutha_Dweepu) Malayalam Vinayan (/wiki/Vinayan) [3] (#cite_note-3) 2005 Anandabhadram (/wiki/Anandabhadram) Malayalam Santosh Sivan (/wiki/Santosh_Sivan) 2005 Rajamanikyam (/wiki/Rajamanikyam) Malayalam Anwar Rasheed (/wiki/Anwar_Rasheed) 2006 Classmates (2006 film) (/wiki/Classmates_(2006_film)) Malayalam Lal Jose (/wiki/Lal_Jose) 2007 Before the Rains (/wiki/Before_the_Rains) English Santosh Sivan (/wiki/Santosh_Sivan) 2007 Naalu Pennungal (/wiki/Naalu_Pennungal) Malayalam Adoor Gopalakrishnan (/wiki/Adoor_Gopalakrishnan) 2007 Goal (2007 Malayalam film) (/wiki/Goal_(2007_Malayalam_film)) Malayalam Kamal (director) (/wiki/Kamal_(director)) 2008 Madambi (/wiki/Madambi) Malayalam B. Unnikrishnan (/wiki/B._Unnikrishnan) 2008 Thalappavu (/wiki/Thalappavu) Malayalam Madhupal (/wiki/Madhupal) 2008 Thirakkatha (/wiki/Thirakkatha) Malayalam Ranjith (director) (/wiki/Ranjith_(director)) 2009 I Love Me (/wiki/I_Love_Me_(film)) Malayalam B. Unnikrishnan (/wiki/B._Unnikrishnan) 2009 Ee Pattanathil Bhootham (/wiki/Ee_Pattanathil_Bhootham) Malayalam Johny Antony (/wiki/Johny_Antony) 2010 Apoorvaragam (/wiki/Apoorvaragam) Malayalam Sibi Malayil (/wiki/Sibi_Malayil) 2010 Pramani (/wiki/Pramani) Malayalam B. Unnikrishnan (/wiki/B._Unnikrishnan) 2010 Kadaksham (/wiki/Kadaksham) Malayalam Sasi Paravoor 2010 Ringtone (film) (/wiki/Ringtone_(film)) Malayalam Ajmal 2010 Yugapurushan (/wiki/Yugapurushan) Malayalam R.Sukumaran (/wiki/R.Sukumaran) [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) 2011 Dam999 (/wiki/Dam999) English Sohan Roy (/wiki/Sohan_Roy) 2011 Snehaveedu (/wiki/Snehaveedu) Malayalam Sathyan Anthikad (/wiki/Sathyan_Anthikad) 2011 Sevenes (/wiki/Sevenes) Malayalam Joshiy (/wiki/Joshiy) 2011 Kanakompathu (/wiki/Kanakompathu) Malayalam Mahadevan 2011 Doubles (2011 film) (/wiki/Doubles_(2011_film)) Malayalam Sohan Seenulal 2011 Traffic (2011 film) (/wiki/Traffic_(2011_film)) Malayalam Rajesh Pillai (/wiki/Rajesh_Pillai) 2012 Puthiya Theerangal (/wiki/Puthiya_Theerangal) Malayalam Sathyan Anthikad (/wiki/Sathyan_Anthikad) 2013 Celluloid (film) (/wiki/Celluloid_(film)) Malayalam Kamal (director) (/wiki/Kamal_(director)) 2013 Oru Indian Pranayakadha (/wiki/Oru_Indian_Pranayakadha) Malayalam Sathyan Anthikad (/wiki/Sathyan_Anthikad) 2013 Nadan (/wiki/Nadan) Malayalam Kamal (director) (/wiki/Kamal_(director)) 2013 Oru Yathrayil (/wiki/Oru_Yathrayil) Malayalam Major Ravi (/wiki/Major_Ravi) 2013 Sringaravelan (/wiki/Sringaravelan) Malayalam Jose Thomas (/wiki/Jose_Thomas) 2013 Daivathinte Swantham Cleetus (/wiki/Daivathinte_Swantham_Cleetus) Malayalam G.Marthandan 2013 Red Wine (/wiki/Red_Wine_(2013_film)) Malayalam Salam Bappu (/wiki/Salam_Bappu) 2014 The Dolphins Malayalam Diphan (/wiki/Diphan) 2014 Njaan (/wiki/Njaan) Malayalam Ranjith (director) (/wiki/Ranjith_(director)) 2014 RajadhiRaja (/wiki/RajadhiRaja) Malayalam Cheran (director) (/wiki/Cheran_(director)) 2014 Apothecary (film) (/wiki/Apothecary_(film)) Malayalam Madhav Ramadasan (/wiki/Madhav_Ramadasan) 2014 Mr. Fraud (/wiki/Mr._Fraud) Malayalam B. Unnikrishnan (/wiki/B._Unnikrishnan) 2014 My Dear Mummy Malayalam Mahadevan 2014 1 by Two (/wiki/1_by_Two) Malayalam Arun Kumar Aravind (/wiki/Arun_Kumar_Aravind) 2014 Ring Master (/wiki/Ring_Master) Malayalam Rafi Mecartin (/wiki/Rafi_Mecartin) 2015 Ennum Eppozhum (/wiki/Ennum_Eppozhum) Malayalam Sathyan Anthikad (/wiki/Sathyan_Anthikad) 2015 Mili (2015 film) (/wiki/Mili_(2015_film)) Malayalam Rajesh Pillai (/wiki/Rajesh_Pillai) [4] (#cite_note-:2-4) 2016 Motorcycle Diaries (film) (/wiki/Motorcycle_Diaries_(film)) Malayalam Rajesh Pillai (/wiki/Rajesh_Pillai) 2019 Mamangam (/wiki/Mamangam_(2019_film)) Malayalam M. Padmakumar (/wiki/M._Padmakumar) [1] (#cite_note-:1-1) Awards [ edit ] Kerala State Film Award (/wiki/Kerala_State_Film_Award) 1997 Kerala State Film Award for Best Costume Designer (/wiki/Kerala_State_Film_Award_for_Best_Costume_Designer) - Guru 1998 Kerala State Film Award for Best Costume Designer (/wiki/Kerala_State_Film_Award_for_Best_Costume_Designer) - Daya 1999 Kerala State Film Award for Best Costume Designer- Rishivamsam 2000 Kerala State Award for Best Costume Designer- Devadoothan 2002 Kerala State Award for Best Costume Designer-Nizhalkuthu 2005 Kerala State Award for Best Costume Designer-Athbutha dweep 2007 Kerala State Film Award for Best Costume Designer (/wiki/Kerala_State_Film_Award_for_Best_Costume_Designer) - Naalu Pennungal 2010 Kerala State Film Award for Best Costume designer- Yugapushan,Makaramanju 2012 Kerala State Film Award for Best Costume Designer (/wiki/Kerala_State_Film_Award_for_Best_Costume_Designer) - Celluloid, ozhimuri National Film Award (/wiki/National_Film_Awards) 1998 National Film Award for Best Costume Design (/wiki/National_Film_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design) - Daya [5] (#cite_note-5) References [ edit ] ^ a b " (https://www.manoramaonline.com/style/style-factor/2019/12/13/mamangam-costume-designer-sb-satheesan-interview.html) 'മമ്മൂക്കയ്ക്ക് സ്പെഷലായി ഒന്നും ചെയ്തിട്ടില്ല; ഇന്ത്യൻ 2വിൽ 20 ലക്ഷത്തിന്റെ വസ്ത്രം' (https://www.manoramaonline.com/style/style-factor/2019/12/13/mamangam-costume-designer-sb-satheesan-interview.html) " (https://www.manoramaonline.com/style/style-factor/2019/12/13/mamangam-costume-designer-sb-satheesan-interview.html) . www.manoramaonline.com (in Malayalam) . Retrieved 6 April 2024 . ^ a b c d Sebastian, Shevlin (14 November 2017). "Location Diaries: Dressing up the stars" (https://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/columns/2017/Nov/14/location-diaries-dressing-up-the-stars-3080.html) . Cinema Express . Retrieved 6 April 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Sebastian, Shevlin (17 January 2018). "A leaking boat" (https://www.newindianexpress.com/malayalam/2018/Jan/16/a-leaking-boat-1755419.html) . The New Indian Express . Retrieved 6 April 2024 . ^ a b "I am... S. Rajendran – Tailor for film productions" (https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/society/i-am-s-rajendran-tailor-for-film-productions/article6033617.ece) . The Hindu . 21 May 2014. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0971-751X (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0971-751X) . Retrieved 6 April 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "46th National Film Festival" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160310180429/http://dff.nic.in/2011/46_nff_1999.pdf) (PDF) . Directorate of Film Festivals(DFF) . Archived from the original (http://dff.nic.in/2011/46_nff_1999.pdf) (PDF) on 10 March 2016 . Retrieved 6 April 2024 . External links [ edit ] S. B. Satheeshan (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1242173/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Official website (https://www.sbsatheesan.com) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐wq4lh Cached time: 20240712140901 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.315 seconds Real time usage: 0.424 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2094/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 24593/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1336/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 24227/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.179/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5659451/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 375.989 1 -total 30.26% 113.774 1 Template:Reflist 29.14% 109.562 1 Template:Infobox_person 24.62% 92.555 4 Template:Cite_web 21.43% 80.574 1 Template:More_citations_needed 17.45% 65.626 1 Template:Ambox 5.87% 22.083 1 Template:IMDb_name 5.11% 19.197 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 4.57% 17.189 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates 4.21% 15.823 17 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:48272787-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712140901 and revision id 1217503335. 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Clothing of women's in china Court ladies making silk , painted by the Song dynasty (/wiki/Song_dynasty) Emperor Huizong (/wiki/Huizong_of_Song) , a remake of an 8th-century original by Tang dynasty (/wiki/Tang_dynasty) artist Zhang Xuan (/wiki/Zhang_Xuan) . Tang court ladies from the tomb of Princess Yongtai (/wiki/Princess_Yongtai) in the Qianling Mausoleum (/wiki/Qianling_Mausoleum) , near Xi'an in Shaanxi, China. 706 AD. In China, women had different kinds of clothes in ancient times. Those clothes changed with the dynasty. For examples, in the 1920s, the Cheongsam (/wiki/Cheongsam) was fashionable among socialites and upperclass women; [1] (#cite_note-Qipao_Ch'i-p'ao-1) during the 1960s, very austere clothing styles were prevalent; today, a wide variety of fashions are worn. Different provinces and regions of China also have different clothing styles. In Qin (/wiki/Qin_dynasty) and Han (/wiki/Han_dynasty) dynasties, women usually wore loose clothes with long, large, sleeves. Under the long skirt was a pair of high-heeled clogs, usually with some embroidery on them. There was usually a scarf called Jinguo (巾帼) wrapped on the arm of a noble woman, while ordinary or poor women had no decoration on their arms. As time passed by, the coat tended to be shorter and the skirt became longer. Noble women (/wiki/Noble_women) even needed maids’ help to lift up the skirts, to avoid the skirts being stained by the ground. In Sui (/wiki/Sui_dynasty) and Tang (/wiki/Tang_dynasty) dynasties, women's clothes had a trend of being more open. Small-sleeved coats, usually made of yarn, skirts that were still long, wide and long scarves were what was often worn. They could bare the part of their body above their chests. This sort of cloth could show the beauty of the women better. Another kind of clothes that were popular at that time were things with big sleeves, short breasted shirts and long and light skirts. The attire of women during the Song dynasty (/wiki/Song_dynasty) (960 - 1279) was distinguished from men's clothing by being fastened on the left, not on the right. Women wore long dresses or blouses that came down almost to the ankle. They also wore skirts and jackets with short or long sleeves. When strolling about outside and along the road, women of wealth chose to wear square purple scarves (/wiki/Scarf) around their shoulders. [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGernet1962129-2) Traditional clothing styles [ edit ] Banbi [ edit ] Portrait from China's Ming dynasty (/wiki/Ming_dynasty) . The woman is wearing a Banbi Main article: Banbi (/wiki/Banbi) Banbi (/wiki/Banbi) ( 半臂 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E8%87%82) , lit. "half arm") also known as Banxiu ( 半袖 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E8%A2%96) ), is a form of waistcoat or outerwear that was worn over ruqun (/wiki/Ruqun) , and had half-length sleeves. The style of its collar varied, but it could be secured at the front either with ties or a metal button. According to Chinese records, the banbi clothing style was invented from the short jacket (短襦) that the Chinese wear. It was first designated as a waistcoat for palace maids, but soon became popular amongst the commoners. [3] (#cite_note-bz-3) In the "Legend of Huo Xiao Yu" (崔小玉传), written during the Tang dynasty (/wiki/Tang_dynasty) , the main female character Huo Xiaoyu wears this style most of the time. [3] (#cite_note-bz-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) Beizi [ edit ] Main article: Beizi (/wiki/Beizi) A beizi (/wiki/Beizi) ( 褙子 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%A4%99%E5%AD%90) ) is an item of traditional Chinese attire common to both men and women, similar to a cloak (/wiki/Cloak) . Most popular during the Ming dynasty (/wiki/Ming_dynasty) , beizi also known as banbi (/wiki/Banbi) during the Tang dynasty (/wiki/Tang_dynasty) is believed to have been adopted from Central Asia (/wiki/Central_Asia) during the Tang dynasty through the Silk Road (/wiki/Silk_Road) , when cultural exchange was frequent. [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) However, it is also believed to have been derived from banbi during the Song dynasty (/wiki/Song_dynasty) , where the sleeves and the garment lengthened. [7] (#cite_note-7) Chang-ao (長襖) - formal wear for women Chang'ao [ edit ] Main article: Chang'ao (/wiki/Chang%27ao) Chang-ao (/wiki/Chang-ao) ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 長襖 ) is a traditional Chinese style of attire for women. It is a form of formal wear, and is often perceived as a longer version of ruqun (/wiki/Ruqun) . However, it was actually developed from zhiduo (/wiki/Zhiduo_(clothing)) during the Ming dynasty (/wiki/Ming_dynasty) , and is worn over a skirt. It is wide-sleeved, shorter than zhiduo (/wiki/Zhiduo_(clothing)) , and has no side panels (暗擺) at the side slits (thus showing the skirt worn underneath). There is often an optional detachable protective huling (護領, lit. "protect collar") sewn to the collar. The huling can be white or any other (often dark) colours. The collar is of the same colour as the clothing. A painting of court ladies and one man on horseback, dressed in upper class outing apparel, a 12th-century painting by Li Gonglin (/wiki/Li_Gonglin) , as well as a remake of an 8th-century original by Tang (/wiki/Tang_dynasty) artist Zhang Xuan (/wiki/Zhang_Xuan) . Daxiushan [ edit ] Main article: Daxiushan (/wiki/Daxiushan) Daxiushan (/wiki/Daxiushan) (大袖衫), translated as "Large Sleeve Gown", is a traditional Chinese (/wiki/China) attire for women and was most popular during the Tang dynasty (/wiki/Tang_dynasty) amongst the royal family. After the golden age of the Tang dynasty ended, the influence of Hufu (/wiki/Hufu) (胡服), or clothing styles from Central (/wiki/Central_Asia) and Western Asia (/wiki/Western_Asia) , gradually weakened and Tang royal women's clothing styles began to make its transformation. [8] (#cite_note-8) It was not until the Mid-Late Tang period (中晚唐时期) that the distinctions between Royal women's clothing and other styles became increasingly obvious. The width had increased more than four feet and its sleeve is often wider than 1.3 metres. It features a distinctive rode that covers from the ground to just above the chest with a knot wrapped around the waist, a light and sometimes see-through outer coat that ties together at the bottom and often goes along with a long scarf (/wiki/Scarf) wrapped around the arm. The clothing often only covered half of women's breast, and so it was restricted to people of a certain status, like a princess or gējī (/wiki/Sing-song_girls#Historical_use_of_the_term) . It has come to be known as Da-Xiu-Shan but has been called Dian-Chai-Li-Yi (钿钗礼衣) at various times. The clothing was mainly worn for special ceremonial occasions and had different variations, which were mainly the result of different collar (/wiki/Collar_(clothing)) formations (e.g., parallel or cross collar or those with no collar). [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) Diyi [ edit ] Main article: Diyi (/wiki/Diyi) Diyi (/wiki/Diyi) (翟衣) is the traditional Chinese attire worn by empresses and crown princesses (the wife of the crown prince) in the Ming dynasty (/wiki/Ming_dynasty) . It was a formal wear meant only for ceremonial purposes. It was a form of shenyi (/wiki/Shenyi) , and was embroidered with long-tailed pheasants (翟, Di ) and circular flowers (小輪花). It was worn with a phoenix crown (/wiki/Phoenix_crown) (without the dangling strings of pearls by the sides). Diyi was worn by empresses and other royal noblewomen (differed according during different dynasties) since the Zhou dynasty (/wiki/Zhou_dynasty) , under various names like huiyi (褘衣) in Zhou (/wiki/Zhou_dynasty) and Song dynasty (/wiki/Song_dynasty) , and miaofu (庙服) in Han dynasty (/wiki/Han_dynasty) . [11] (#cite_note-11) Lotus shoes [ edit ] Main article: Lotus shoes (/wiki/Lotus_shoes) Lotus shoes Lotus shoes (蓮履 / 莲履, lianlǚ) were footwear that were worn by women in China who had bound feet (/wiki/Foot_binding) . The shoes were cone or sheath-shaped, intended to resemble a lotus bud. They were delicately constructed from cotton or silk, and small enough to fit in the palm of a hand. [12] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicholson200687-12) Some designs had heels or wedge-shaped soles. They were made in different styles and colors, and were typically ornately decorated, with embroidered designs of animals or flowers that could continue on the sole of the shoe. [13] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicholson200687–88-13) Some designs only fit over the tip of the foot, giving the illusion of a small bound foot when worn under a long skirt. [14] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicholson200691-14) Though foot binding is no longer practised, many lotus shoes survive as artefacts in museums or private collections. [15] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTENicholson200688-15) Phoenix crown [ edit ] Main article: Phoenix crown (/wiki/Phoenix_crown) A Phoenix crown (/wiki/Phoenix_crown) (kao) was a Chinese traditional headgear for women. It was worn by noblewomen in the Ming dynasty (/wiki/Ming_dynasty) on ceremonies or official occasions. It was also the traditional headwear for brides. It was adorned with gold dragons, phoenixes made with kingfisher feathers (/wiki/Kingfisher_feather_art:_tian-tsui) , beaded pheasants, pearls (/wiki/Pearl) and gemstones (/wiki/Gemstone) . The number of pearls used ranged from 3426 to 5449 pieces, while the number of gemstones used ranged from 95 to 128 pieces. These pearls, gemstones and kingfisher feathers are made into ornamental flowers, leaves, clouds, and bobin (博鬢, the 'wings' at the side/back of the crown). The weight of the entire crown ranged from 2 to 3 kilograms (/wiki/Kilogram) . [16] (#cite_note-16) Ruqun [ edit ] Main article: Ruqun (/wiki/Ruqun) Ruqun (/wiki/Ruqun) ( 襦裙 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%A5%A6%E8%A3%99) ) is an item of traditional Chinese attire ( Hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) ) primarily for women. It consists of a blouse ( 襦 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%A5%A6) , ru ) and a wrap-around skirt ( 裙 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%A3%99) , qun ). It has a long history, and has been worn by women since the Warring States period (/wiki/Warring_States_period) . Generally, the blouse was tucked into the skirt. The popularity of ruqun declined during the Han dynasty (/wiki/Han_dynasty) , but increased again during the Southern and Northern Dynasties (/wiki/Southern_and_Northern_Dynasties) . During the Sui (/wiki/Sui_dynasty) and Tang (/wiki/Tang_dynasty) dynasties, the skirts were tied higher and higher up the waist, until they were eventually tied above the breasts, and worn with short blouses. In addition to the normal crossed-collar blouses, parallel/straight-collar (對襟) blouses were also worn in this period, thus exposing the cleavage of the breasts. During the Song dynasty (/wiki/Song_dynasty) , the skirts were eventually lowered from the breast level back to the normal waistline. [17] (#cite_note-Antonia_Finnane_2007_359-17) By the Ming dynasty, ruqun became the most common form of attire for women. The sleeves of the blouse were mostly curved with a narrow sleeve cuff (琵琶袖, pipa (/wiki/Pipa) sleeve). There is often an optional detachable protective huling (護領, lit. "protect collar") sewn to the collar. The huling can be white or any other dark colour. The collar is of the same colour as the clothing. Towards the start of the Qing dynasty (/wiki/Qing_dynasty) , the skirt was mostly baizhequn (百摺裙, lit. "hundred pleats skirt") or mamianqun (馬面裙, lit. "horse face skirt"). [17] (#cite_note-Antonia_Finnane_2007_359-17) Ming dynasty portrait of a noblewoman wearing yuanlingshan (/wiki/Yuanlingshan) , phoenix crown (/wiki/Phoenix_crown) and xiapei (/wiki/Xiapei) Yuan lingshan [ edit ] Main article: Yuanlingshan (/wiki/Yuanlingshan) Yuanlingshan (圓領衫) was the most common form of attire for both male and female officials and nobles during the Ming dynasty (/wiki/Ming_dynasty) . The difference between civilian's and officials'/nobles' yuanlingshan is that officials'/nobles' yuanlingshan had a mandarin square (/wiki/Mandarin_square) (補子) on it. The sleeves of the yuanlingshan were mostly curved with a narrow sleeve cuff (琵琶袖, pipa sleeve). It had a round collar and side slits. Officials'/nobles' yuanlingshan were also wedding attire for commoners. The groom wears a wusha hat (烏紗帽) and the yuanlingshan of a 9th rank official robe. The bride wears a phoenix crown (/wiki/Phoenix_crown) (鳳冠) and a red yuanlingshan with the xiapei (/wiki/Xiapei) (霞帔) of a noblewoman. [ citation needed ] More recent styles [ edit ] Women students at Shantung Christian University (/wiki/Shantung_Christian_University) , 1941 Cheongsam [ edit ] Main article: Cheongsam (/wiki/Cheongsam) Two women wearing cheongsam in a 1930s Shanghai (/wiki/Shanghai) advertisement. The cheongsam (/wiki/Cheongsam) is a body-hugging (modified in Shanghai (/wiki/Shanghai) ) one-piece Chinese dress (/wiki/Dress) for women; the male version is the changshan (/wiki/Changshan) . It is known in Mandarin Chinese as the qípáo ( 旗袍 (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%97%97%E8%A2%8D) ; Wade-Giles (/wiki/Wade-Giles) ch'i-p'ao ), and is also known in English as a mandarin gown . The stylish and often tight-fitting cheongsam or qipao (chipao) that is most often associated with today was created in the 1920s in Shanghai (/wiki/Shanghai) and was made fashionable by socialites and upperclass women. [1] (#cite_note-Qipao_Ch'i-p'ao-1) 1960s [ edit ] During the Cultural Revolution, almost anything seen as part of traditional culture would lead to problems with the Communist (/wiki/Communist_Party_of_China) Red Guards (/wiki/Red_Guards_(China)) . Items that attracted dangerous attention if seen in public included jeans (/wiki/Jeans) , high heels (/wiki/High_heels) , Western-style coats, ties (/wiki/Necktie) , jewelry (/wiki/Jewelry) , cheongsams, and long hair (/wiki/Long_hair) . [18] (#cite_note-Law-18) These items were regarded as symbols of the bourgeois (/wiki/Bourgeois) lifestyle, which represented wealth. Citizens had to avoid them or suffer serious consequences such as torture or beatings by the guards. [18] (#cite_note-Law-18) A number of these items were thrown into the streets to embarrass the citizens. [19] (#cite_note-Wen-19) Modern era [ edit ] Following the relaxation of communist clothing standards in the late 70s, the way the Chinese dressed and the fashion trends of the country changed drastically. Contemporary urban clothing seems to have developed a focus on brand names. In major urban centers, especially Shanghai (/wiki/Shanghai) , an increasingly western look is preferred, and there is an emphasis on formal wear over casual wear for adults on the streets. Teenagers prefer brand names and western clothing. Children usually wear clothes decorated with cartoon characters. However, there is also an effort to revive traditional clothing forms such as the hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) by the hanfu movement (/wiki/Hanfu_movement) . At an Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit in Shanghai in 2001, the host presented silk-embroidered tangzhuang jackets as the Chinese traditional national costume. As smartphones and tablet computers have become increasingly popular, they are some of the most popular ways people gain access to fashion information, along with the Internet and fashion magazines. As for buying clothing, brick-and-mortar stores are still the predominant choice, taking up more than half of the market share. [ citation needed ] See also [ edit ] Hanfu footwear (/wiki/Hanfu_footwear) References [ edit ] ^ a b "Qipao (Ch'i-p'ao)" (http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/110067/chi-pao) . Encyclopædia Britannica (/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica) . Retrieved 2008-11-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGernet1962129_2-0) Gernet 1962 (#CITEREFGernet1962) , p. 129. ^ a b Wang Qiao-ling (2008). "Women Fashion of Tang Dynasty and Foreign Cultural Communication". 21 . Journal of Zhejiang Wanli University: 1–3. {{ cite journal (/wiki/Template:Cite_journal) }} : Cite journal requires |journal= ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical) ) ^ (#cite_ref-4) Information on Civilian Clothings 不拘一格说便服 (http://oldbeijing.org/Article/Class81/Class89/7449.shtml) oldbeijing.org Retrieved 2010-02-10 [ dead link ] ^ (#cite_ref-5) Yoon, Ji-Won. Research of the Foreign Dancing Costumes: From Han to Sui-Tang Dynasty, The Korean Society of Costume, v. 56, 57-72. 2006 ^ (#cite_ref-6) Kim, Sohyun. A Study on the Costume of Khotan, The Korean Society of Costume, v. 34, 169-183. 1997. ^ (#cite_ref-7) 朱和平 (July 2001). "《中国服饰史稿》" (https://www.scribd.com/doc/7136914/) (PDF) . 中国服饰史稿 (in Chinese) (1st ed.). 中州古籍出版社: 223–224 . Retrieved May 20, 2009 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) 唐代大袖衫 (http://www.yonglian.gov.cn/articleContent.asp?id=3113) yonglian.gov.cn retrieved 2010-01-07 ^ (#cite_ref-9) "唐·服饰" 慢束罗裙半露胸 “钿钗礼衣”大袖衫——唐代女子服 (http://wenhua.eco.gov.cn/3/7/3/20090525/29987.html) wenhua.eco.gov.cn retrieved 2010-01-07 ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Women's Clothing" (https://11honore.com/) . Thursday, 20 September 2018 ^ (#cite_ref-11) 历代皇后最典型的翟衣 (http://www.xici.net/b723831/d43171792.htm) , XICI.net, Retrieved 2009-12-08 ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholson200687_12-0) Nicholson 2006 (#CITEREFNicholson2006) , p. 87. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholson200687–88_13-0) Nicholson 2006 (#CITEREFNicholson2006) , pp. 87–88. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholson200691_14-0) Nicholson 2006 (#CITEREFNicholson2006) , p. 91. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENicholson200688_15-0) Nicholson 2006 (#CITEREFNicholson2006) , p. 88. ^ (#cite_ref-16) "文物鉴赏]" (http://www.mingtombs.com/wwbh/200904/t20090418_768.htm) . mingtombs.com . Retrieved 2011-09-18 . ^ a b Finnane, Antonia (/wiki/Antonia_Finnane) (2007), Changing clothes in China , Columbia University Press, p. 359 ^ a b Law, Kam-yee. [2003] (2003). The Chinese Cultural Revolution Reconsidered: beyond purge and Holocaust. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-333-73835-7 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-333-73835-7) ^ (#cite_ref-Wen_19-0) Wen, Chihua. Madsen, Richard P. (/wiki/Richard_Madsen_(sociologist)) [1995] (1995). The Red Mirror: Children of China's Cultural Revolution. Westview Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-8133-2488-2 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8133-2488-2) Sources [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Women's clothing of China (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Women%27s_clothing_of_China) . Gernet, Jacques (1962). Daily Life in China on the Eve of the Mongol Invasion, 1250–1276 . Stanford University Press. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-8047-0720-0 . Nicholson, Geoff (/wiki/Geoff_Nicholson) (2006). Sex Collectors . New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0-7432-6587-4 . 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London-based hatmaker Edward Mann was a London-based hatmaker and milliner popular in the second half of the 20th century. While Mann was working as a milliner in the 1950s, [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) he became particularly known for his creative 1960s designs, such as designs with incorporated pockets and lace baby-bonnet-style caps. [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) In 1967 he produced a collection inspired by the Common Market (/wiki/Common_Market) , which was shown in Germany as well as in London, and presented on models from across Europe. [5] (#cite_note-5) He was also the designer of the hats worn by Diana Rigg (/wiki/Diana_Rigg) as Emma Peel (/wiki/Emma_Peel) in the 1960s TV series The Avengers (/wiki/The_Avengers_(TV_series)) . [6] (#cite_note-vam-6) This led to Mann becoming, briefly, one of the most desirable milliners in London at that time. [7] (#cite_note--doty-7) In 1967, one of Mann's hats was chosen by Felicity Green (/wiki/Felicity_Green) of The Daily Mirror (/wiki/The_Daily_Mirror) as part of her Dress of the Year (/wiki/Dress_of_the_Year) selection for the Fashion Museum, Bath (/wiki/Fashion_Museum,_Bath) . [8] (#cite_note-bath-8) The hat was made to match an orange and pink striped trouser suit (/wiki/Trouser_suit) by David Bond (/wiki/David_Bond_(designer)) for Slimma (/w/index.php?title=Slimma&action=edit&redlink=1) . [8] (#cite_note-bath-8) In the mid-1970s Edward Mann owned a clothing brand called Buckle Under. [9] (#cite_note-9) By 1982, the Edward Mann company operated as a concessionary brand, selling its hats through eighteen department stores and other retailers, rather than having their own shops. [10] (#cite_note-10) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Staff correspondent (18 December 1956). "And Now Turkish Turbans" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1300&dat=19561218&id=mFBVAAAAIBAJ&pg=4044,2611807&hl=en) . The Age . Retrieved 25 March 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Staff writer (11 January 1956). "Hats for the Difficult" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2507&dat=19560111&id=dXtAAAAAIBAJ&pg=1500,898063&hl=en) . The Glasgow Herald . Retrieved 25 March 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Staff writer (27 March 1965). "Hidden Values in Hat" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/4726558/the_ottawa_journal/) . The Ottawa Journal . UPI-Journal . Retrieved 25 March 2016 – via Newspapers.com (/wiki/Newspapers.com) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Staff writer (12 January 1965). "White Lace in London" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/4726549/the_ottawa_journal/) . The Ottawa Journal . UPI-Journal . Retrieved 25 March 2016 – via Newspapers.com (/wiki/Newspapers.com) . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Staff writer (7 July 1967). " (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/4726505/the_ottawa_journal/) "Common Market" Hats" (https://www.newspapers.com/clip/4726505/the_ottawa_journal/) . The Ottawa Journal . UPI-Journal . Retrieved 25 March 2016 – via Newspapers.com (/wiki/Newspapers.com) . ^ (#cite_ref-vam_6-0) Staff writer. "Hat by Edward Mann" (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O84333/hat-edward-mann/) . Search the Collections . Victoria and Albert Museum . Retrieved 25 March 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref--doty_7-0) Martin, Richard (2013). Dress of the year . [S.l.]: Antique Collectors' Club. p. 40. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781851497256 . ^ Jump up to: a b "Dress of the Year" (https://web.archive.org/web/20220901155530/https://www.fashionmuseum.co.uk/galleries/dress-year) . The Fashion Museum . Bath & North East Somerset Council. Archived from the original (https://www.fashionmuseum.co.uk/galleries/dress-year) on 1 September 2022 . Retrieved 25 March 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Simpson, Anne (4 October 1976). "Fashioned in Scotland: the new, bold, sophisticated gipsy" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2507&dat=19761004&id=efY-AAAAIBAJ&pg=1620,597464&hl=en) . The Glasgow Herald . Retrieved 25 March 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Reddy, Srinivas K.; Pellegrini, Luca, eds. (2012). Retail and Marketing Channels (RLE Retailing and Distribution) . Routledge. p. 292. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781136245725 . This biographical article related to fashion is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Edward_Mann_(designer)&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐j67b4 Cached time: 20240713063712 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.256 seconds Real time usage: 0.350 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 665/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 19799/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 398/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 41246/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.181/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4642436/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 329.161 1 -total 44.15% 145.324 1 Template:Reflist 31.11% 102.417 6 Template:Cite_news 20.68% 68.071 1 Template:Fashion-bio-stub 20.08% 66.110 1 Template:Asbox 19.86% 65.385 1 Template:Short_description 13.60% 44.768 1 Template:Authority_control 11.97% 39.411 2 Template:Pagetype 4.45% 14.635 3 Template:Main_other 3.82% 12.567 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:49935200-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713063712 and revision id 1210516384. 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Engineered Garments is a clothing, footwear and accessories brand founded by Japanese-American Daiki Suzuki (/wiki/Daiki_Suzuki) . [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) It was founded in 1999. [3] (#cite_note-3) The brand has collaborated with Uniqlo (/wiki/Uniqlo) , [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) Gola (/wiki/Gola_(manufacturer)) , [7] (#cite_note-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) Paraboot, [10] (#cite_note-10) K-Swiss (/wiki/K-Swiss) , [11] (#cite_note-11) Hoka One One (/wiki/Hoka_One_One) , [12] (#cite_note-12) Converse (/wiki/Converse_(brand)) , [13] (#cite_note-13) Reebok (/wiki/Reebok) , [14] (#cite_note-14) and others. See also [ edit ] Visvim (/wiki/Visvim) United Arrows (/wiki/United_Arrows) Beams (/wiki/Beams_(brand)) Kapital (/wiki/Kapital_(fashion_brand)) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Watamanuk, Tyler (July 23, 2021). "Engineered Garments Has Never Looked So Right" (https://www.gq.com/story/engineered-garments-fw-21) . GQ. ^ (#cite_ref-2) Duong, Amy (January 24, 2023). "Engineered Garments Presents its New FW23 Collection" (https://www.trendhunter.com/trends/engineered-garments-2) . Trendhunter. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Johnson, Noah. "Nepenthes, New York's Last Great Independent Boutique, Is a Hidden Gem of the Garment District" (https://www.gq.com/story/nepenthes-new-york-garment-district-daiki-suzuki) . GQ Style . GQ . Retrieved 9 January 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Parkhouse, Arthur (November 1, 2023). "Engineered Garments and UNIQLO Collaborate for "PUFFTECH" Collection" (https://hypebeast.com/2023/11/engineered-garments-x-uniqlo-pufftech-collection-release-info) . Hypebeast. ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Uniqlo and Engineered Garments Are Back to Play the Hits" (https://www.gq.com/story/engineered-garments-x-uniqlo-fw23) . GQ. November 10, 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-6) SILBERT, JAKE. "UNIQLO & ENGINEERED GARMENTS REUNITE TO PERFECT AFFORDABLE OUTERWEAR" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/uniqlo-engineered-garments-2023-collab/) . High Snobiety. ^ (#cite_ref-7) ROYCE, AARON (October 19, 2023). "Gola Relaunches Its Archived Sentry Sneakers With Engineered Garments" (https://footwearnews.com/shoes/sneaker-news/gola-engineered-garments-collaboration-info-1203542382/) . Footwear News. ^ (#cite_ref-8) JONES, JOHN RUSSEL (October 23, 2023). "GOLA COLLABORATES WITH ENGINEERED GARMENTS ON REVITALIZED SENTRY SHOE" (https://mr-mag.com/gola-collaborates-with-engineered-garments-on-revitalized-sentry-shoe/) . MR Magazine. ^ (#cite_ref-9) TAYLOR, Nigel (September 1, 2023). "Gola in Engineered Garments collaboration to revive and update Sentry model" (https://ww.fashionnetwork.com/news/Gola-in-engineered-garments-collaboration-to-revive-and-update-sentry-model,1551975.html) . FashionNetwork.com . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Lynch, Jack. "Paraboot and Engineered Garments Unveil the EG Clusaz for Second Collaboration" (https://hypebeast.com/2023/10/paraboot-engineered-garments-footwear-collaboration) . Hypebeast . Retrieved October 13, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Silbert, Jake. "EXCLUSIVE: ENGINEERED GARMENTS & K-SWISS EVOLVE THE CLASSICS (LITERALLY)" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/engineered-garments-k-swiss/) . High Snobiety. ^ (#cite_ref-12) "HOKA ONE ONE® Announces Latest Collaboration with Engineered Garments" (https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/hoka-one-one-announces-latest-collaboration-with-engineered-garments-301352991.html) . PRNewswire. August 11, 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Schlemmer, Zack. "Engineered Garments And Converse To Release Special One Star Collection" (https://sneakernews.com/2017/10/03/engineered-garments-converse-one-star-collection-release-info/) . sneakernews.com . Retrieved October 4, 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) WILLSON, TAYLER. "ENGINEERED GARMENTS HAS ITS WAY WITH REEBOK'S LX2200" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/engineered-garments-reebok-fw22/) . High Snobiety. External links [ edit ] Official website (https://www.engineeredgarments.com/) Nepenthes NY (https://nepenthesny.com/) Twill of the people: the workwear staple that never gets old (https://www.ft.com/content/e49c2590-9fe5-41e0-b3fc-5640aa867ace) Financial Times , Mark O’Flaherty, April 26, 2023 This fashion (/wiki/Fashion) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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American privately owned company C.C. Filson Co. Company type Private (/wiki/Privately_held_company) Industry Luggage manufacturing Clothing manufacturing Retail Wholesale Predecessor C.C. Filson's Pioneer Alaska Clothing and Blanket Manufacturers Founded 1897 ; 127 years ago ( 1897 ) Founder Clinton C. Filson Headquarters Seattle, Washington (/wiki/Seattle,_Washington) , United States Number of locations 15 company-operated stores and 2 manufacturing locations Area served Worldwide Key people Paolo Corinaldesi ( CEO (/wiki/CEO) ) Products Luggage Apparel Services Clothing repair Clothing rewaxing Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) Bedrock Manufacturing Co. Website filson (http://filson.com) .com (http://filson.com) C.C. Filson is an American privately owned outfitter and manufacturer of goods for outdoor enthusiasts. The company, based in Seattle (/wiki/Seattle) , Washington (/wiki/Washington_(state)) , designs, manufactures, distributes and sells men's and women's outdoor clothing, accessories and luggage (/wiki/Luggage) . Filson sells its products via company-owned retail (/wiki/Retail) stores, catalogs and the Filson website (/wiki/E-commerce) as well as through authorized dealers in the United States and international distributors. The company was originally established in Seattle in 1897 as C.C. Filson's Pioneer Alaska Clothing and Blanket Manufacturers to meet the needs of prospectors passing through Seattle on their way to the Klondike Gold Rush (/wiki/Klondike_Gold_Rush) ; as of 2012 the brand is owned by Fossil Group (/wiki/Fossil_Group) founder Tom Kartsotis (/wiki/Tom_Kartsotis) , who also created Shinola Detroit (/wiki/Shinola_Detroit) . [1] (#cite_note-1) Early history [ edit ] C.C. Filson, c.1917 Clinton C. Filson (born 1850), a former Nebraska (/wiki/Nebraska) homesteader (/wiki/Homestead_principle) and railroad conductor (/wiki/Conductor_(transportation)) for the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad (/wiki/Chicago,_Milwaukee,_St._Paul_and_Pacific_Railroad) , arrived in the Northwest in the early 1890s, initially settling in Kirkland, Washington (/wiki/Kirkland,_Washington) where he invested in property near Peter Kirk (/wiki/Peter_Kirk_(businessman)) 's proposed iron works and opened a hardware store in a brick building he co-owned with Seattle customs inspector A.T. Timmerman. He would also serve as the town's postmaster in 1894. [2] (#cite_note-2) Several years later after Kirkland's plans fell through he relocated to Seattle where he operated a small loggers' outfitting store, the Seattle Woolen House, at 903 1st Avenue, where the Federal Office Building (/wiki/Federal_Office_Building_(Seattle)) currently stands. [3] (#cite_note-3) To meet the needs of prospectors passing through Seattle on their way to the Klondike Gold Rush, C.C. Filson founded C.C. Filson's Pioneer Alaska Clothing and Blanket Manufacturers in 1897. [4] (#cite_note-bourjaily-4) The company supplied prospectors with a variety of outdoor gear including clothing, blankets, boots and sleeping bags. After the gold rush ended around 1899, Filson shifted to providing gear for outdoor oriented activities and occupations including hunting (/wiki/Hunting) , fishing (/wiki/Fishing) and logging (/wiki/Logging) , among others. [5] (#cite_note-filsonhistory-5) Never having retired, Filson passed away in December 1919 and ownership of the company was handed over to his widow Winifred and nephew George Stroble. [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) Ownership and leadership [ edit ] Filson remained under the control of the Filson family until 1970, when they sold their interest to a former distributor of Filson products to independent dealers in Alaska. Stan Kohls, a skiwear entrepreneur, purchased the company in 1981. Kohls expanded the product line from 35 items to 250 items, drawing from the company's archive or designing each new item himself. Kohls attempted to preserve the authenticity of the products by not using modern materials like Velcro. [4] (#cite_note-bourjaily-4) [8] (#cite_note-pemberton-8) On January 1, 2005, Los Angeles, California-based private equity (/wiki/Private_equity) group Brentwood Associates (/wiki/Brentwood_Associates) and former Polo Ralph Lauren Corporation (/wiki/Ralph_Lauren_Corporation) executive Doug Williams acquired C.C. Filson, with Kohls maintaining a minority ownership interest and a seat on the board. Brentwood Associates and Williams renamed the company Filson Holdings and named Williams the Chief Executive Officer. [4] (#cite_note-bourjaily-4) [8] (#cite_note-pemberton-8) [9] (#cite_note-martinez-9) [10] (#cite_note-fischer-10) Williams hoped to expand the brand's sales by introducing casual wear and selling to new customers based on Filson's reputation for ruggedness and quality. [4] (#cite_note-bourjaily-4) In 2006, Filson made Bill Kulczycki, a former Patagonia executive, CEO. [11] (#cite_note-seattletimes2006-11) In 2010, Mark A. Korros became CEO. [12] (#cite_note-psbj2010a-12) In 2012, Brentwood Associates sold Filson Holdings, Inc. to Dallas-based Bedrock Manufacturing Co. for an undisclosed amount. [13] (#cite_note-mrketplace-13) [14] (#cite_note-brentwood-14) Alan Kirk was appointed CEO of Filson in 2013. In June 2013, the company opened an extensive new manufacturing facility on 1st Avenue South in Seattle's manufacturing district, more than doubling capacity and by year end, more than 100 new jobs were created in production. The company now manufactures luggage, apparel and accessories in three company-owned locations in the USA. Former CEO Steve Bock [15] (#cite_note-15) left the company in early 2019, and was replaced by Rollen Jones. Following Jones' move in the following year to his current role as CFO and a brief interim return by Bock, former global strategist Paolo Corinaldesi of international retail group WP Lavori was appointed to the position, and is the standing CEO. [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) Under current leadership, Filson has made organizational changes to streamline its business and be more efficient, including a decision to reduce positions in its Seattle and Kent manufacturing facilities and shift more production overseas. The company continues manufacturing heritage styles in its Washington facilities. [18] (#cite_note-18) Retail locations [ edit ] In addition to the company's retail website, Filson features flagship locations in Seattle, Washington (/wiki/Seattle,_Washington) , and Union Square, New York City (/wiki/Union_Square,_Manhattan) , as well as brick-and-mortar stores in Portland, Oregon (/wiki/Portland,_Oregon) ; San Francisco, California (/wiki/San_Francisco,_California) ; Plano, Texas (/wiki/Plano,_Texas) ; Edina, Minnesota (/wiki/Edina,_Minnesota) ; Boston, Massachusetts (/wiki/Boston,_Massachusetts) Washington, D.C. (/wiki/Washington,_D.C.) ; Ballard, Seattle (/wiki/Ballard,_Seattle) ; and Naperville, Illinois (/wiki/Naperville,_Illinois) . Outside the US, there are stores in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (/wiki/Vancouver,_British_Columbia,_Canada) and Toronto, Ontario, Canada (/wiki/Toronto,_Ontario,_Canada) . Filson maintains one outlet store (/wiki/Outlet_store) , located in Eagan, Minnesota (/wiki/Eagan,_Minnesota) . Modern product line [ edit ] In 1991, Filson revived its line of bridle leather-trimmed canvas luggage (/wiki/Baggage) . [5] (#cite_note-filsonhistory-5) In 1998, Filson opened a flagship retail store near Seattle's Safeco Field (/wiki/Safeco_Field) . In 2008, Filson introduced a line of women's clothing. [9] (#cite_note-martinez-9) In 2010, Filson partnered with Levi Strauss & Co. (/wiki/Levi_Strauss_%26_Co.) to produce a collection of jackets, shirts, caps and bags called "Levi's Workwear by Filson." [19] (#cite_note-psbj2010b-19) See also [ edit ] Mackinaw jacket (/wiki/Mackinaw_jacket) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Stacy Perman, "The Real History of America's Most Authentic Fake Brand", Inc. magazine, p. 106, April 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Washington and Oregon Postoffices" (https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1894-02-02/ed-1/seq-1/#date1=1888&index=3&date2=1900&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=Filson+woolen&proxdistance=5&state=Washington&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=&andtext=filson+woolen&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1) . The Seattle Post-Intelligencer . Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. 2 Feb 1894. p. 1 . Retrieved 12 January 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Alaska-Klondike Wants - Seattle Woolen House [Advertsisement]" (https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045604/1899-12-10/ed-1/seq-23/#date1=1888&index=1&date2=1900&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=Filson+Kirkland&proxdistance=5&state=Washington&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=&andtext=filson+kirkland&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1) . The Seattle Post-Intelligencer . Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. 10 Dec 1899. p. 23 . Retrieved 12 January 2021 . ^ a b c d Bourjaily, Phil (October 1, 2005). "Fear of Fashion" (https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fsb/fsb_archive/2005/11/01/8360961/index.htm) . CNN Money (/wiki/CNN_Money) . Cable News Network (/wiki/Cable_News_Network) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 727236465 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/727236465) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20131227143842/http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fsb/fsb_archive/2005/11/01/8360961/index.htm) from the original on December 27, 2013 . Retrieved August 2, 2013 . Clinton C. Filson founded the company in 1897 to outfit prospectors headed for the Klondike....Williams is betting that people who own Filson hunting clothes will also buy Filson casual wear and that others will discover the brand as they learn of its reputation for ruggedness and quality. ^ a b "Filson's History" (http://www.filson.com/filson/our-company/history/) . Filson . C.C. Filson Co. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20130806163108/http://www.filson.com/filson/our-company/history/) from the original on August 6, 2013 . Retrieved August 2, 2013 . The Gold Rush faded into history, but Filson kept listening to his customers, and outdoorsmen kept coming to Filson for rugged clothes. Drawing from his past experience outfitting loggers, he soon added clothing for the timber industry... ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Pioneer Dies After Long Life in City". The Seattle Post-Intelligencer . Library of Congress: Chronicling American. 24 Dec 1919. p. 5. ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Seattle Merchant Dies". The Seattle Daily Times . Newsbank. 22 Dec 1919. p. 8. ^ a b Pemberton, Jeff (May 15, 2006). "A Wilton Hunter and Fisherman Finds His Dream Job" (http://www.wiltononline.com/wilton/articles/?id=3832&page=2&c=13) . Wilton Online . Mill River Media Group. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20130927150531/http://www.wiltononline.com/wilton/articles/?id=3832&page=2&c=13) from the original on September 27, 2013 . Retrieved August 2, 2013 . By 1980, the company was down to about 35 styles. The family was involved until the 1970s, when it went through another management and, in 1981, it was sold to Stan Kohls, who came out of the ski industry. He saw that many of the great heritage products were gone, and went through the archives, pulling out the old designs. That started the resurrection of Filson. From 1981 until 2004, Kohls ran the company. ^ a b Martinez, Amy (February 21, 2008). "Filson Introduces Outdoor Clothing for Women" (http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/businesstechnology/2004192833_filson21.html) . The Seattle Times (/wiki/The_Seattle_Times) . The Seattle Times Company (/wiki/The_Seattle_Times_Company) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 61313571 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/61313571) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20131229034230/http://seattletimes.com/html/businesstechnology/2004192833_filson21.html) from the original on December 29, 2013 . Retrieved April 21, 2012 . For the first time in Filson's 111-year history, the Seattle manufacturer and retailer of outdoor clothing is introducing a line of women's apparel for fishing, hunting and other activities. ^ (#cite_ref-fischer_10-0) Fischer, John. "Filson Sold to Former Polo Exec" (http://multichannelmerchant.com/news/filson-sold-to-former-polo-exec-01032005/) . MultiChannel Merchant . Access Intelligence. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20130928042947/http://multichannelmerchant.com/news/filson-sold-to-former-polo-exec-01032005/) from the original on September 28, 2013 . Retrieved August 2, 2013 . Former Polo group president Doug Williams and Brentwood Associates bought Filson on Jan. 1 from Stan Kohls, who has owned it since 1981. Terms of the deal were not disclosed. ^ (#cite_ref-seattletimes2006_11-0) "Another Downtown Seattle Apartment Building Is Going Condo" (http://seattletimes.com/html/businesstechnology/2003287864_bizbriefs04.html) . The Seattle Times . The Seattle Times Company. October 4, 2006. Business Digest. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0745-9696 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0745-9696) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 9198928 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/9198928) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20130927115742/http://seattletimes.com/html/businesstechnology/2003287864_bizbriefs04.html) from the original on September 27, 2013 . Retrieved August 2, 2013 . Filson Holdings said it hired former Patagonia executive Bill Kulczycki to run its outdoor apparel company, C.C. Filson. ^ (#cite_ref-psbj2010a_12-0) "Filson Names Korros New CEO" (http://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/stories/2010/10/11/daily26.html) . Puget Sound Business Journal . American City Business Journals. October 14, 2010. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 8750-7757 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/8750-7757) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 321260598 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/321260598) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20131001012300/http://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/stories/2010/10/11/daily26.html) from the original on October 1, 2013 . Retrieved August 2, 2013 . Outdoor apparel company Filson has named Mark Korros its new CEO and president. Korros replaces Bill Kulczycki at Seattle-based Filson. ^ (#cite_ref-mrketplace_13-0) Sheff, Harry (June 5, 2012). "Bedrock Manufacturing Acquires Filson" (http://www.mrketplace.com/35262/bedrock-manufacturing-acquires-filson/) . Mrketplace . Business Journals. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20130921074007/http://www.mrketplace.com/35262/bedrock-manufacturing-acquires-filson/) from the original on September 21, 2013 . Retrieved July 30, 2013 . Outdoor heritage brand Filson has been acquired by Dallas-based Bedrock Manufacturing Co. for an undisclosed amount. The sale was announced today by Filson's previous owner, the private equity group Brentwood Associates. ^ (#cite_ref-brentwood_14-0) "Brentwood Associates Announces Sale of Filson Holdings" (http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/brentwood-associates-announces-sale-of-filson-holdings-157226635.html) (Press release). Los Angeles, California: Brentwood Associates. June 5, 2012. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20130928220238/http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/brentwood-associates-announces-sale-of-filson-holdings-157226635.html) from the original on September 28, 2013 . Retrieved August 2, 2013 . Brentwood Associates ("Brentwood"), a leading consumer-focused private equity investment firm, announced it has completed the sale of Filson Holdings, Inc. ("Filson"), one of the oldest American brands of premium outdoor apparel and accessories, to Bedrock Manufacturing Co. ("Bedrock"). Terms of the transaction were not disclosed. ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Seattle DJC.com local business news and data - Real Estate - Real Estate Buzz: Filson wants to show off how it works" (https://www.djc.com/news/re/12080142.html) . www.djc.com . Retrieved 2015-09-01 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Filson Taps Paolo Corinaldesi as CEO" (https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/news/filson-taps-paolo-corinaldesi-ceo-060146200.html) . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Outdoor Outfitter and Apparel Manufacturer Filson Appoints Paolo Corinaldesi as Chief Executive Officer | Textile World" (https://www.textileworld.com/textile-world/knitting-apparel/2021/01/outdoor-outfitter-and-apparel-manufacturer-filson-appoints-paolo-corinaldesi-as-chief-executive-officer/) . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Roberts, Paul (14 August 2021). "As Filson confirms more local layoffs, a potential new strategy emerges" (https://www.seattletimes.com/business/more-layoffs-and-a-potential-future-strategy-come-to-light-at-filson/) . The Seattle Times . Retrieved 16 December 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-psbj2010b_19-0) "Filson Signs Clothing Deal with Levi's" (http://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/stories/2010/08/02/daily16.html) . Puget Sound Business Journal (/wiki/Puget_Sound_Business_Journal) . American City Business Journals (/wiki/American_City_Business_Journals) . August 3, 2010. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 8750-7757 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/8750-7757) . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 321260598 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/321260598) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140203032750/http://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/stories/2010/08/02/daily16.html) from the original on February 3, 2014 . Retrieved April 21, 2012 . Filson said it's signed a deal with Levi's to sell a line of clothing called "Levi's Workwear by Filson....Filson said that each Levi's-branded product will be made in its Seattle factory. 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Ecuadorian model and politician Soledad Diab Member of the National Assembly of Ecuador (/wiki/National_Assembly_(Ecuador)) Incumbent (/wiki/Incumbent) Assumed office May 14, 2021 Constituency Guayas (/wiki/Guayas_Province) District 3 Member of the National Congress of Ecuador (/wiki/National_Congress_(Ecuador)) In office January 5, 2007 – November 29, 2007 Constituency Guayas Personal details Born María Soledad Diab Aguilar ( 1973-04-04 ) April 4, 1973 (age 51) Guayaquil (/wiki/Guayaquil) , Ecuador Political party Social Christian (/wiki/Social_Christian_Party_(Ecuador)) Spouse Richard Bohrer Pons ​ ( m. 1993) ​ Children 3 Occupation Model, presenter, politician Awards Miss Ecuador 1992 (/wiki/Miss_Ecuador_1992) María Soledad Diab Aguilar (born April 4, 1973) is an Ecuadorian (/wiki/Ecuadorians) model (/wiki/Model_(people)) , television presenter, and politician of the Social Christian Party (/wiki/Social_Christian_Party_(Ecuador)) (PSC). She served as a deputy of the National Congress (/wiki/National_Congress_(Ecuador)) in 2007, and has been a member of the National Assembly (/wiki/National_Assembly_(Ecuador)) since May 14, 2021. She was named Miss Ecuador 1992 (/wiki/Miss_Ecuador_1992) and named Miss Photogenic at Miss Universe 1992 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1992) in Bangkok (/wiki/Bangkok) , Thailand (/wiki/Thailand) . Early life and education [ edit ] Soledad Diab was born in Guayaquil (/wiki/Guayaquil) on April 4, 1973. She studied at the María Auxiliadora school in Guayaquil. She married Richard Bohrer Pons in 1993, and they have three daughters. [1] (#cite_note-1) Modeling and television [ edit ] Diab (left) with María Claudia Acosta at Miss Ecuador 1992 Diab joined Gamavisión (/wiki/Gamavisi%C3%B3n) to be a news anchor, but left after winning the Miss Ecuador 1992 (/wiki/Miss_Ecuador_1992) pageant. [2] (#cite_note-2) She went on to compete at Miss Universe 1992 (/wiki/Miss_Universe_1992) held in Bangkok (/wiki/Bangkok) , Thailand (/wiki/Thailand) , where she was named Miss Photogenic. [3] (#cite_note-3) Later, she joined Ecuavisa (/wiki/Ecuavisa) , where she was the host of the magazine Complicidades , and created the "People" segment on the Televistazo newscast. [4] (#cite_note-4) Political career [ edit ] In 1997, Diab was appointed Undersecretary of Tourism. [5] (#cite_note-5) She served as a provincial councilor of Guayas (/wiki/Guayas_Province) , and in 2007 she was a PSC (/wiki/Social_Christian_Party_(Ecuador)) candidate for the National Congress (/wiki/National_Congress_(Ecuador)) . She won a seat, but later that year, she was one of 57 deputies dismissed by the Supreme Electoral Tribunal (/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Electoral_Tribunal_(Ecuador)&action=edit&redlink=1) [ es (https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribunal_Supremo_Electoral_de_Ecuador) ] due to the country's legislative crisis (/w/index.php?title=2007_Ecuadorian_legislative_crisis&action=edit&redlink=1) [ es (https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crisis_legislativa_de_Ecuador_de_2007) ] . [6] (#cite_note-6) Before the 2021 general election (/wiki/2021_Ecuadorian_general_election) , Diab presented her candidacy for the National Assembly (/wiki/National_Assembly_(Ecuador)) for the same party. [7] (#cite_note-7) She won a seat, representing Guayas District 3. [8] (#cite_note-8) In November 2021 she was one of the 81 politicians who abstained from voting which allowed the Economic Development and Fiscal Sustainability Law to be passed. Other abstainers included Jessica Castillo (/wiki/Jessica_Castillo) , Ana Herrera (/wiki/Ana_Herrera) , Gissella Molina (/wiki/Gissella_Molina) , Patricia Sánchez (/wiki/Patricia_S%C3%A1nchez) and Nathalie Viteri (/wiki/Nathalie_Viteri) . [9] (#cite_note-9) In September 2022 she resigned from position in the assembly for the Social Christian Party as she plans to stand to be a councilor in Guayaquil in the 2023 elections. This resignation is required by Ecuadorian law. [10] (#cite_note-10) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Salazar, Wendy. "Reinas de su hogar" (http://www.revistahogar.com/impresa/especial.php?edicion=597) [Queens of Their Home]. Hogar (in Spanish) . Retrieved September 1, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Con la noticia en la piel" (https://www.eluniverso.com/2013/03/28/1/1528/noticia-piel.html) . El Universo (/wiki/El_Universo) (in Spanish). March 28, 2013 . Retrieved September 1, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Miss Ecuador 2004 hace historia al ubicarse entre la diez semifinalistas" (https://www.eluniverso.com/2004/06/01/0001/1065/C276439668D0481582E9EAE193FF03A5.html) [Miss Ecuador 2004 Makes History by Being Among the Ten Semifinalists]. El Universo (/wiki/El_Universo) (in Spanish). June 1, 2004 . Retrieved September 1, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) " (https://www.eluniverso.com/2002/08/15/0001/262/3EBFD59E75AC40EA8B765532242A23F2.html) 'Complicidades', 13 años en la pantalla" (https://www.eluniverso.com/2002/08/15/0001/262/3EBFD59E75AC40EA8B765532242A23F2.html) ['Complicidades', 13 Years on the Air]. El Universo (/wiki/El_Universo) (in Spanish). August 15, 2002 . Retrieved September 1, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Un cuñado y una ex Miss" (https://www.clarin.com/politica/cunado-ex-miss_0_rJXGZxXbRYg.html) [A Brother-in-Law and an Ex-Miss]. Clarín (/wiki/Clar%C3%ADn_(Argentine_newspaper)) (in Spanish). Quito. Reuters. January 30, 1997 . Retrieved September 1, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Listado: Los 57 diputados destituidos POR TSE" (https://www.eluniverso.com/2007/03/08/0001/8/6486FB710B8B4355B3DCFE9F41BB70E5.html) [Listed: The 57 Deputies Dismissed by TSE]. El Universo (/wiki/El_Universo) (in Spanish). March 8, 2007 . Retrieved September 1, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) González Franco, Jorge (September 6, 2020). "15 exlegisladores buscan su regreso a la arena política en las elecciones 2021" (http://www.elcomercio.com/actualidad/exlegisladores-buscan-regreso-arena-elecciones.html) [15 Ex-Legislators Seek to Return to the Political Arena in the 2021 Elections]. El Comercio (/wiki/El_Comercio_(Ecuador)) (in Spanish) . Retrieved September 1, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Diez personajes de varios partidos vuelven hasta 22 años después a Asamblea" (https://www.eluniverso.com/noticias/politica/diez-personajes-de-varios-partidos-vuelven-hasta-22-anos-despues-a-asamblea-nota/) [Ten Characters From Various Parties Return to Assembly After 22 Years]. El Universo (/wiki/El_Universo) (in Spanish). February 14, 2021 . Retrieved September 1, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Así fue la votación de la Asamblea que no dio paso al archivo de reforma tributaria, por lo que entrará en vigencia por ministerio de ley" (https://www.eluniverso.com/noticias/politica/asi-fue-la-votacion-de-la-asamblea-que-no-dio-paso-al-archivo-de-reforma-tributaria-por-lo-que-entrara-en-vigencia-por-ministerio-de-ley-nota/) . El Universo (in Spanish). November 28, 2021 . Retrieved May 12, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Silva, Orlando (September 18, 2022). "Concejales y asambleístas renuncian a sus cargos para los comicios de 2023" (https://www.elcomercio.com/actualidad/politica/concejales-asambleistas-renuncian-cargos-elecciones.html) [Councilors and assembly members resign from their positions for the 2023 elections]. El Comercio (/wiki/El_Comercio_(Ecuador)) (in Spanish) . Retrieved October 26, 2022 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Soledad Diab (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Soledad_Diab) . Soledad Diab (https://x.com/soledaddiab) on X (/wiki/X_(social_network)) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐xphzt Cached time: 20240721034843 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.535 seconds Real time usage: 1.376 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 9428/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 43676/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 5391/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 20/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 47614/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.286/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 8680777/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1334.093 1 -total 42.90% 572.284 1 Template:Commonscat 36.08% 481.364 1 Template:Sister_project 31.09% 414.784 1 Template:Side_box 22.64% 301.985 1 Template:Infobox_officeholder 13.64% 181.968 1 Template:Reflist 10.47% 139.632 1 Template:Twitter 9.62% 128.384 17 Template:Infobox_officeholder/office 6.54% 87.294 1 Template:Short_description 6.16% 82.157 1 Template:Cite_magazine Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:68622807-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721034843 and revision id 1225208212. 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Finnish women who worked as fashion designers (/wiki/Fashion_designer) . Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Finland portal (/wiki/Portal:Finland) This is a non-diffusing subcategory (/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization#Non-diffusing_subcategories) of Category:Finnish fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Finnish_fashion_designers) . It includes Finnish fashion designers that can also be found in the parent category, or in diffusing subcategories of the parent. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.canary‐84d4f5c9db‐nsxbw Cached time: 20240720204856 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.089 seconds Real time usage: 0.174 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 137/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3979/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 301/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3351/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.047/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 932087/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 154.457 1 -total 44.22% 68.303 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 41.75% 64.487 2 Template:Category_other 39.96% 61.716 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 29.02% 44.824 1 Template:Portal 26.60% 41.091 1 Template:Non-diffusing 21.42% 33.084 1 Template:Cmbox 2.72% 4.194 1 Template:Single_namespace 1.52% 2.345 1 Template:Template_other 1.46% 2.248 1 Template:Clear Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:72292233-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720204856 and revision id 1177797830. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse Pages in category "Finnish women fashion designers" The following 8 pages are in this category, out of 8 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . F Sara Forsberg (/wiki/Sara_Forsberg) H Sandra Hagelstam (/wiki/Sandra_Hagelstam) I Riitta Immonen (/wiki/Riitta_Immonen) Maija Isola (/wiki/Maija_Isola) N Vuokko Nurmesniemi (/wiki/Vuokko_Nurmesniemi) Nutty Tarts (/wiki/Nutty_Tarts) P Sveta Planman (/wiki/Sveta_Planman) U Anna Uhrväder (/wiki/Anna_Uhrv%C3%A4der) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Finnish_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1177797830 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Finnish_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1177797830) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Finnish fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Finnish_fashion_designers) Finnish women artists (/wiki/Category:Finnish_women_artists) Women fashion designers by nationality (/wiki/Category:Women_fashion_designers_by_nationality) Hidden categories: Wikipedia non-diffusing subcategories (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_non-diffusing_subcategories) Automatic category TOC generates no TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_no_TOC)
Type of one-piece swimsuit Elisabetta Canalis (/wiki/Elisabetta_Canalis) in a pretzel swimsuit (2007) The sling swimsuit is a one-piece swimsuit (/wiki/One-piece_swimsuit) which is supported by fabric at the neck. Sling swimsuits provide as little coverage (or as much exposure) as, or even less than, a bikini (/wiki/Bikini) . Monokini (/wiki/Monokini) types also exist. The sling swimsuit is also known by a variety of names including "suspender bikini", " sling bikini (/wiki/Sling_bikini) ", "slingkini", "suspender thong", "slingshot swimsuit" or just "slingshot". It is so named because of its resemblance to the Y-shape frame of a slingshot (/wiki/Slingshot) . It is sometimes listed as a bikini variant (/wiki/Bikini_variants) . When designed for or worn by a man, it is often called a " mankini ". Design [ edit ] Usually, a sling swimsuit comprises a bikini bottom of any style, with side straps extending upwards to cover the breasts, then going over the shoulders and behind the neck or extending down the back. The sling swimsuit leaves the sides of the torso uncovered, while covering the nipples and pubic area. Behind the neck, the straps may join and reach down the back to the buttocks thong (/wiki/Thong) or string style. [1] (#cite_note-JenPa-1) The variation of sling swimsuits is a pretzel swimsuit , which has the straps behind the neck and another set of straps around the midriff, instead of straps down the back. [1] (#cite_note-JenPa-1) Even more "risqué" European (/wiki/Europe) designs include the bodyform-suspender (by German manufacturer Nixxxe) [2] (#cite_note-2) and other open bust and/or crotchless variants such as the "peekaboo" slingshot (by Spanish manufacturer the-Bikinis) [3] (#cite_note-3) and "ouvert" sling bikini (by German manufacturer Tangaland). [4] (#cite_note-4) A man wearing a green mankini, a swimsuit made famous by the 2006 film Borat (/wiki/Borat) (2016) A sling swimsuit worn by men is often called a mankini . It was popularized by Sacha Baron Cohen (/wiki/Sacha_Baron_Cohen) , who donned one in the 2006 film Borat (/wiki/Borat) . The publicity around the film started building during the Cannes Film Festival (/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival) in May 2006, when Baron Cohen posed in character on the beach in a fluorescent green mankini, alongside four models. [5] (#cite_note-5) A garden gnome (/wiki/Garden_gnome) in the 2011 film Gnomeo and Juliet (/wiki/Gnomeo_and_Juliet) was also shown wearing a mankini, which gets referred to as a Borat-Mankini by newspapers. [6] (#cite_note-6) History [ edit ] Corresponding to the introduction of Lycra (/wiki/Lycra) into swimwear, sling swimsuits emerged in the early 1990s. They are more popular on some beaches of Europe, including Saint-Tropez (/wiki/Saint-Tropez) , Marbella (/wiki/Marbella) , Mykonos (/wiki/Mykonos) and Ibiza (/wiki/Ibiza) . [7] (#cite_note-7) Suspender-like straps running between the breasts and around the neck that held the suit up were introduced in the mainstream in 1994. News reports said that within a week of putting the suit on their racks, New York (/wiki/New_York_City) 's major stores had sold 150. By season's end, the tally sold was over 3000, at a cost of $24 a suit. [8] (#cite_note-8) After wearing a mankini for a fancy dress competition at a showjumping event in February 2024, Shane Rose (/wiki/Shane_Rose) was stood down by Equestrian Australia; a subsequent review of the incident cleared Rose, after concluding he had not broken Equestrian Australia's code of conduct. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) References [ edit ] ^ a b Jenny Pate, History of the swimsuit (http://www.articledashboard.com/Article/History-of-Swimsuits/461234) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20080907051823/http://www.articledashboard.com/Article/History-of-Swimsuits/461234) 2008-09-07 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , Article Dashboard ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Bodyform-Suspender" (https://archive.today/20130411114530/http://www.nixxxe.com/shop.php?action=details&artnr=1015&lang=en) . NIXXXE.com . Archived from the original (http://www.nixxxe.com/shop.php?action=details&artnr=1015&lang=en) on 11 April 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "PeekaBoo SlingShot" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160313203848/http://www.the-bikinis.com/PeekaBoo-SlingShot/vmchk.html) . the-bikinis.com . Archived from the original (http://www.the-bikinis.com/PeekaBoo-SlingShot/vmchk.html) on 13 March 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Gerorge G. "String Tanga transparent swimsuits" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150214104200/http://www.tangaland24.de/products/en/extrem-Bikini/Ouvert-Sling-Bikini.html) . tangaland24.de . Archived from the original (http://www.tangaland24.de/products/en/extrem-Bikini/Ouvert-Sling-Bikini.html) on 14 February 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Josh Friedman & Lorenza Munoz, " Fox scales back 'Borat' movie's opening; The comedy will first be shown in 800 theaters, down from 2,000, amid a lack of awareness (https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/1150656071.html?dids=1150656071:1150656071&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Oct+25%2C+2006&author=Josh+Friedman+and+Lorenza+Munoz&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=Fox+scales+back+%60Borat%27+movie%27s+opening%3B+The+comedy+will+first+be+shown+in+800+theaters%2C+down+from+2%2C000%2C+amid+a+lack+of+awareness.&pqatl=google) ", Los Angeles Times , page C1, 2006-10-25 ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Gnomeo & Juliet" (http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/ent/movies/mobile/7422124.html) . Houston Chronicle (2011-02-10). Retrieved on 2011-12-03. ^ (#cite_ref-7) Slingshot Suspender Bikinis: A History (http://swimsuits.lovetoknow.com/Slingshot_Suspender_Bikini) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20120730105128/http://swimsuits.lovetoknow.com/Slingshot_Suspender_Bikini) 2012-07-30 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , Love to know swimsuits, Glam Publisher Network ^ (#cite_ref-8) Fashion Correspondent, " Itsy bitsy teenie weenie... trivia think swimsuits. If two-pieces and t-backs are all that come to mind... think again (http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=MH&s_site=miami&p_multi=MH&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB4D23272FD283B&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM) ", Miami Herald , page 1G, 1995-07-15 [ dead link ] ^ (#cite_ref-9) Payten, Iain; Eder, Billie (18 February 2024). "Equestrian star stood down for jumping in a mankini, Olympics under cloud" (https://www.smh.com.au/sport/equestrian-star-stood-down-for-jumping-in-a-mankini-olympics-under-cloud-20240218-p5f5uk.html) . The Sydney Morning Herald (/wiki/The_Sydney_Morning_Herald) . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Shane Rose: Mankini rider cleared to return and will focus on Olympic qualification" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/equestrian/68335114) . BBC Sport (/wiki/BBC_Sport) . 19 February 2024 . Retrieved 19 February 2024 . 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This list of Harper's Bazaar Russia cover models is a catalog of cover models/celebrities who have appeared on the cover of Harper's Bazaar Russia, the Russian edition of Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) magazine, starting with first issue in March 1996. 1996 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer March/April 1996 Sharon Stone (/wiki/Sharon_Stone) May/June 1996 Elizabeth Hurley (/wiki/Elizabeth_Hurley) July/August 1996 Amber Valletta (/wiki/Amber_Valletta) September/October 1996 Uma Thurman (/wiki/Uma_Thurman) Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) November/December 1996 Kirsty Hume (/wiki/Kirsty_Hume) 1997 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January/February 1997 Christy Turlington (/wiki/Christy_Turlington) & Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) March/April 1997 Kate Moss (/wiki/Kate_Moss) May/June 1997 Madonna (/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)) Mario Testino (/wiki/Mario_Testino) July/August 1997 Linda Evangelista (/wiki/Linda_Evangelista) Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) September 1997 Isabella Rossellini (/wiki/Isabella_Rossellini) October 1997 Amber Valletta (/wiki/Amber_Valletta) November 1997 Demi Moore (/wiki/Demi_Moore) December 1997 Courtney Love (/wiki/Courtney_Love) 1998 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January/February 1998 Diana, Princess of Wales (/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales) March 1998 Ingeborga Dapkūnaitė (/wiki/Ingeborga_Dapk%C5%ABnait%C4%97) April 1998 Gwyneth Paltrow (/wiki/Gwyneth_Paltrow) May 1998 Sharon Stone (/wiki/Sharon_Stone) June 1998 Kate Moss (/wiki/Kate_Moss) Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) July/August 1998 Uma Thurman (/wiki/Uma_Thurman) September 1998 Dina Korzun (/wiki/Dina_Korzun) October 1998 Shalom Harlow (/wiki/Shalom_Harlow) November 1998 Cameron Diaz (/wiki/Cameron_Diaz) & Matt Dillon (/wiki/Matt_Dillon) December 1998 1999 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January/February 1999 March/April 1999 May/June 1999 Madonna (/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)) Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) July/August 1999 September 1999 Polina (/wiki/Polina_Kutepova) & Ksenia Kutepova (/w/index.php?title=Ksenia_Kutepova&action=edit&redlink=1) October 1999 Meg Ryan (/wiki/Meg_Ryan) November 1999 Maggie Rizer (/wiki/Maggie_Rizer) Inez & Vinoodh (/wiki/Inez_and_Vinoodh) December 1999 Kate Moss (/wiki/Kate_Moss) Richard Burbridge 2000 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January/February Tom Cruise (/wiki/Tom_Cruise) Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) March Vladimir Mashkov (/wiki/Vladimir_Mashkov) & Ksenia Terentieva (/w/index.php?title=Ksenia_Terentieva&action=edit&redlink=1) April Gisele Bündchen (/wiki/Gisele_B%C3%BCndchen) Mikael Jansson (/wiki/Mikael_Jansson_(photographer)) May/June Kristina Semenovskaya (/w/index.php?title=Kristina_Semenovskaya&action=edit&redlink=1) July/August Kristina Tsirekidze (/w/index.php?title=Kristina_Tsirekidze&action=edit&redlink=1) September October November Maria Nevskaya (/w/index.php?title=Maria_Nevskaya&action=edit&redlink=1) December 2001 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January/February Georgina Grenville (/wiki/Georgina_Grenville) March April Alsou (/wiki/Alsou) May Kate Hudson (/wiki/Kate_Hudson) Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) June Meg Ryan (/wiki/Meg_Ryan) July/August September October Nicole Kidman (/wiki/Nicole_Kidman) Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) November December Kristina Tsirekidze (/w/index.php?title=Kristina_Tsirekidze&action=edit&redlink=1) 2002 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January/February Gwyneth Paltrow (/wiki/Gwyneth_Paltrow) Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) March Rie Rasmussen (/wiki/Rie_Rasmussen) Terry Tsiolis April Stephanie Seymour (/wiki/Stephanie_Seymour) Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) May Erin Wasson (/wiki/Erin_Wasson) Nino Muñoz (/wiki/Nino_Mu%C3%B1oz) June July/August Karolína Kurková (/wiki/Karol%C3%ADna_Kurkov%C3%A1) Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) September Helena Houdová (/wiki/Helena_Houdov%C3%A1) October Isabeli Fontana (/wiki/Isabeli_Fontana) Mark Abrahams (/wiki/Mark_Abrahams_(photographer)) November Laura Golovanova (/w/index.php?title=Laura_Golovanova&action=edit&redlink=1) December Tanya Ilieva (/w/index.php?title=Tanya_Ilieva&action=edit&redlink=1) Jordan Doner 2003 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January Olga Bakhmat (/w/index.php?title=Olga_Bakhmat&action=edit&redlink=1) Kerry Hallihan February Jennifer Lopez (/wiki/Jennifer_Lopez) Peter Lindbergh (/wiki/Peter_Lindbergh) March April May June Natalia Vodianova (/wiki/Natalia_Vodianova) July/August Drew Barrymore (/wiki/Drew_Barrymore) Cameron Diaz (/wiki/Cameron_Diaz) Lucy Liu (/wiki/Lucy_Liu) Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) September October November December 2004 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January February Kristina Tsirekidze (/w/index.php?title=Kristina_Tsirekidze&action=edit&redlink=1) March April Fernanda Tavares (/wiki/Fernanda_Tavares) May Eva Herzigová (/wiki/Eva_Herzigov%C3%A1) June July/August Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) Patrick Demarchelier (/wiki/Patrick_Demarchelier) September October Gisele Bündchen (/wiki/Gisele_B%C3%BCndchen) Peter Lindbergh (/wiki/Peter_Lindbergh) November Natasha Poly (/wiki/Natasha_Poly) Sølve Sundsbø (/wiki/S%C3%B8lve_Sundsb%C3%B8) December 2005 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January Isabeli Fontana (/wiki/Isabeli_Fontana) February March Fernanda Tavares (/wiki/Fernanda_Tavares) April Gwen Stefani (/wiki/Gwen_Stefani) Alexi Lubomirski (/wiki/Alexi_Lubomirski) May June Carmen Kass (/wiki/Carmen_Kass) Sølve Sundsbø (/wiki/S%C3%B8lve_Sundsb%C3%B8) July/August Caroline Winberg (/wiki/Caroline_Winberg) September Svetlana Shestakova (/w/index.php?title=Svetlana_Shestakova&action=edit&redlink=1) October November December Lily Cole (/wiki/Lily_Cole) 2006 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January February 2006 Querelle Jansen (/wiki/Querelle_Jansen) March Eugenia Volodina (/wiki/Eugenia_Volodina) Benoit Peverelli April Madonna (/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)) Sølve Sundsbø (/wiki/S%C3%B8lve_Sundsb%C3%B8) May June Ekaterina Smargun (/w/index.php?title=Ekaterina_Smargun&action=edit&redlink=1) July/August Jennifer Aniston (/wiki/Jennifer_Aniston) Alexi Lubomirski (/wiki/Alexi_Lubomirski) September Lindsay Lohan (/wiki/Lindsay_Lohan) Alexi Lubomirski (/wiki/Alexi_Lubomirski) October Mariacarla Boscono (/wiki/Mariacarla_Boscono) Peter Lindbergh (/wiki/Peter_Lindbergh) November Mischa Barton (/wiki/Mischa_Barton) Peter Lindbergh (/wiki/Peter_Lindbergh) December Crystal Renn (/wiki/Crystal_Renn) 2007 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January Gisele Bündchen (/wiki/Gisele_B%C3%BCndchen) Peter Lindbergh (/wiki/Peter_Lindbergh) February Paris Hilton (/wiki/Paris_Hilton) April Rachel Weisz (/wiki/Rachel_Weisz) Alexei Hay May Katie Holmes (/wiki/Katie_Holmes) Peter Lindbergh (/wiki/Peter_Lindbergh) June Gisele Bündchen (/wiki/Gisele_B%C3%BCndchen) Greg Kadel (/wiki/Greg_Kadel) July Lily Donaldson (/wiki/Lily_Donaldson) Nathaniel Goldberg August Coco Rocha (/wiki/Coco_Rocha) Greg Kadel (/wiki/Greg_Kadel) September October Maryna Linchuk (/wiki/Maryna_Linchuk) Greg Kadel (/wiki/Greg_Kadel) November Natalie Portman (/wiki/Natalie_Portman) Peter Lindbergh (/wiki/Peter_Lindbergh) December Vlada Roslyakova (/wiki/Vlada_Roslyakova) 2008 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January Masha Tyelna (/w/index.php?title=Masha_Tyelna&action=edit&redlink=1) Kai Z. Feng (/wiki/Kai_Z._Feng) February March Regina Feoktistova (/w/index.php?title=Regina_Feoktistova&action=edit&redlink=1) Tanya Pilyukova (/w/index.php?title=Tanya_Pilyukova&action=edit&redlink=1) Olga Trokhova (/w/index.php?title=Olga_Trokhova&action=edit&redlink=1) Tatyana Usova (/wiki/Tatyana_Usova) Angelika Kocheva (/w/index.php?title=Angelika_Kocheva&action=edit&redlink=1) Mark Abrahams (/wiki/Mark_Abrahams_(photographer)) April Caroline Demarqui (/w/index.php?title=Caroline_Demarqui&action=edit&redlink=1) May Demi Moore (/wiki/Demi_Moore) Peter Lindbergh (/wiki/Peter_Lindbergh) June Coco Rocha (/wiki/Coco_Rocha) Greg Kadel (/wiki/Greg_Kadel) July Miranda Kerr (/wiki/Miranda_Kerr) Michelangelo Di Battista August Gwyneth Paltrow (/wiki/Gwyneth_Paltrow) Peter Lindbergh (/wiki/Peter_Lindbergh) September Valentina Zelyaeva Mark Abrahams (/wiki/Mark_Abrahams_(photographer)) October Freja Beha Erichsen (/wiki/Freja_Beha_Erichsen) Glen Luchford (/wiki/Glen_Luchford) November Liv Tyler (/wiki/Liv_Tyler) Cliff Watts December Stella Tennant (/wiki/Stella_Tennant) 2009 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January February Irina Kulikova (/wiki/Irina_Kulikova) Sølve Sundsbø (/wiki/S%C3%B8lve_Sundsb%C3%B8) March Laia Moliner (/w/index.php?title=Laia_Moliner&action=edit&redlink=1) Stratis & Beva April Valentina Zelyaeva Mark Pillai May Gisele Bündchen (/wiki/Gisele_B%C3%BCndchen) Peter Lindbergh (/wiki/Peter_Lindbergh) June Sasha Pivovarova (/wiki/Sasha_Pivovarova) Igor Vishnyakov July/August Sienna Miller (/wiki/Sienna_Miller) Pavel Havlichek September Milla Jovovich (/wiki/Milla_Jovovich) Igor Vishnyakov October Natalia Vodianova (/wiki/Natalia_Vodianova) Paola Kudacki November Constance Jablonski (/wiki/Constance_Jablonski) Joshua Jordan December Dita Von Teese (/wiki/Dita_Von_Teese) Marcin Tyszka 2010 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January Lily Allen (/wiki/Lily_Allen) Alan Gelati February Jacquetta Wheeler (/wiki/Jacquetta_Wheeler) Marcin Tyszka March Isabeli Fontana (/wiki/Isabeli_Fontana) Marcin Tyszka April Chloë Sevigny (/wiki/Chlo%C3%AB_Sevigny) Pavel Havlicek May Rosie Huntington-Whiteley (/wiki/Rosie_Huntington-Whiteley) Alan Gelati June Astrid Muñoz (/wiki/Astrid_Mu%C3%B1oz) Greg Verhaeghe July/August Tanya Dziahileva (/wiki/Tanya_Dziahileva) Danil Golovkin September Laetitia Casta (/wiki/Laetitia_Casta) Marcin Tyszka October Eva Longoria (/wiki/Eva_Longoria) Billy Nava November Coco Rocha (/wiki/Coco_Rocha) Alan Gelati December Anna Mouglalis (/wiki/Anna_Mouglalis) Linda Bujoli 2011 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January Hilary Rhoda (/wiki/Hilary_Rhoda) Alan Gelati February Emily Blunt (/wiki/Emily_Blunt) Paola Kudacki March Nicole Richie (/wiki/Nicole_Richie) Bleacher + Everard April Natalia Vodianova (/wiki/Natalia_Vodianova) Bruno Barbazan May Helena Christensen (/wiki/Helena_Christensen) Luis Sanchis June Kate Moss (/wiki/Kate_Moss) Sølve Sundsbø (/wiki/S%C3%B8lve_Sundsb%C3%B8) July/August Zoe Saldana (/wiki/Zoe_Saldana) Bleacher + Everard September Heidi Klum (/wiki/Heidi_Klum) Robert Erdmann October Snejana Onopka (/wiki/Snejana_Onopka) Benjamin Alexander Huseby November Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) Alexi Lubomirski (/wiki/Alexi_Lubomirski) December Daphne Guinness (/wiki/Daphne_Guinness) Alan Gelati 2012 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January Kate Beckinsale (/wiki/Kate_Beckinsale) Bleacher + Everard February Madonna (/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)) & Andrea Riseborough (/wiki/Andrea_Riseborough) Tom Munro (/wiki/Tom_Munro) March Constance Jablonski (/wiki/Constance_Jablonski) Natalia Alaverdian (/wiki/Natalia_Alaverdian) April Georgia May Jagger (/wiki/Georgia_May_Jagger) Natalia Alaverdian (/wiki/Natalia_Alaverdian) May Renée Zellweger (/wiki/Ren%C3%A9e_Zellweger) Simon Upton June Claire Danes (/wiki/Claire_Danes) Mark Abrahams (/wiki/Mark_Abrahams_(photographer)) July Natalia Vodianova (/wiki/Natalia_Vodianova) & Bryan Adams (/wiki/Bryan_Adams) Bryan Adams (/wiki/Bryan_Adams) August Maria Sharapova (/wiki/Maria_Sharapova) Bleacher + Everard September Karlie Kloss (/wiki/Karlie_Kloss) Natalia Alaverdian (/wiki/Natalia_Alaverdian) October Katie Holmes (/wiki/Katie_Holmes) Gilles Bensimon (/wiki/Gilles_Bensimon) November Naomi Campbell (/wiki/Naomi_Campbell) Natalia Alaverdian (/wiki/Natalia_Alaverdian) December Amra Cerkezovic (/w/index.php?title=Amra_Cerkezovic&action=edit&redlink=1) Natalia Alaverdian (/wiki/Natalia_Alaverdian) 2013 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January Kate Hudson (/wiki/Kate_Hudson) Camilla Åkrans February Anne Vyalitsyna (/wiki/Anne_Vyalitsyna) Bleacher + Everard March Bianca Balti (/wiki/Bianca_Balti) Natalia Alaverdian (/wiki/Natalia_Alaverdian) April Vanessa Paradis (/wiki/Vanessa_Paradis) Natalia Alaverdian (/wiki/Natalia_Alaverdian) May Diane Kruger (/wiki/Diane_Kruger) Mark Abrahams (/wiki/Mark_Abrahams_(photographer)) June Sarah Jessica Parker (/wiki/Sarah_Jessica_Parker) Simon Upton July Gwyneth Paltrow (/wiki/Gwyneth_Paltrow) Daniel Jackson August Milou van Groesen (/w/index.php?title=Milou_van_Groesen&action=edit&redlink=1) Natalia Alaverdian (/wiki/Natalia_Alaverdian) September Karolína Kurková (/wiki/Karol%C3%ADna_Kurkov%C3%A1) David Roemer October Angela Lindvall (/wiki/Angela_Lindvall) Lado Alexi November Amber Heard (/wiki/Amber_Heard) Bleacher + Everard December Milla Jovovich (/wiki/Milla_Jovovich) Bleacher + Everard 2014 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January Madonna (/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)) Terry Richardson (/wiki/Terry_Richardson) February Alessandra Ambrosio (/wiki/Alessandra_Ambrosio) Bleacher + Everard March Cindy Crawford (/wiki/Cindy_Crawford) Xavi Gordo April Nadja Auermann (/wiki/Nadja_Auermann) Alan Gelati May Coco Rocha (/wiki/Coco_Rocha) Ben Cope June Chanel Iman (/wiki/Chanel_Iman) Alexander Neumann July Missy Rayder (/wiki/Missy_Rayder) Alexander Neumann August Michelle Williams (/wiki/Michelle_Williams_(actress)) Peter Lindbergh (/wiki/Peter_Lindbergh) September Salma Hayek (/wiki/Salma_Hayek) Xavi Gordo October Jessica Stam (/wiki/Jessica_Stam) Bleacher + Everard November Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) Camilla Åkrans December Jennifer Lopez (/wiki/Jennifer_Lopez) Gomillion & Leupold 2015 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January Anne Hathaway (/wiki/Anne_Hathaway) Alexi Lubomirski (/wiki/Alexi_Lubomirski) February Maryna Linchuk (/wiki/Maryna_Linchuk) Mari Sarai March Claudia Schiffer (/wiki/Claudia_Schiffer) Nico Bustos April Erin Wasson (/wiki/Erin_Wasson) Andrew Yee May Diana Vishneva (/wiki/Diana_Vishneva) Alan Gelati June Diane Kruger (/wiki/Diane_Kruger) Daniele Duella July Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) Norman Jean Roy (/wiki/Norman_Jean_Roy) August Enikő Mihalik (/wiki/Enik%C5%91_Mihalik) Mari Sarai September Katy Perry (/wiki/Katy_Perry) Jean-Paul Goude (/wiki/Jean-Paul_Goude) October Arizona Muse (/wiki/Arizona_Muse) Jesse John Jenkins November Louise Pedersen Lado Alexi December Uma Thurman (/wiki/Uma_Thurman) Mark Abrahams (/wiki/Mark_Abrahams_(photographer)) 2016 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January Julia Restoin Roitfeld (/wiki/Julia_Restoin_Roitfeld) Mari Sarai February Daria Strokous (/wiki/Daria_Strokous) Mari Sarai March Celine Bouly (/w/index.php?title=Celine_Bouly&action=edit&redlink=1) Agata Pospieszynska April May Lou Doillon (/wiki/Lou_Doillon) Agata Pospieszynska June Caroline Vreeland (/wiki/Caroline_Vreeland) Agata Pospieszynska July Helena Bonham Carter (/wiki/Helena_Bonham_Carter) Tom Craig August Karen Elson (/wiki/Karen_Elson) Rachell Smith September Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) & Kim Kardashian (/wiki/Kim_Kardashian) Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) October Bella Hadid (/wiki/Bella_Hadid) Mathieu Cesar November Lindsey Wixson (/wiki/Lindsey_Wixson) Agata Pospieszynska December Natalia Siodmiak (/w/index.php?title=Natalia_Siodmiak&action=edit&redlink=1) Agata Pospieszynska 2017 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January Keira Knightley (/wiki/Keira_Knightley) Alexi Lubomirski (/wiki/Alexi_Lubomirski) February Lottie Moss (/wiki/Lottie_Moss) Rachell Smith March Jennifer Connelly (/wiki/Jennifer_Connelly) Michael Avedon (/wiki/Michael_Avedon) April Anna Cleveland (/w/index.php?title=Anna_Cleveland&action=edit&redlink=1) David Roemer May Rozanne Verduin (/w/index.php?title=Rozanne_Verduin&action=edit&redlink=1) & Nicky Griffin (/w/index.php?title=Nicky_Griffin&action=edit&redlink=1) Agata Pospieszynska June Laura Julie (/w/index.php?title=Laura_Julie&action=edit&redlink=1) Agata Pospieszynska July Hirschy Grace (/w/index.php?title=Hirschy_Grace&action=edit&redlink=1) Agata Pospieszynska August Miroslava Duma (/wiki/Miroslava_Duma) Natalia Alaverdian (/wiki/Natalia_Alaverdian) September Courtney Love (/wiki/Courtney_Love) & Karlie Kloss (/wiki/Karlie_Kloss) Brigitte Lacombe (/wiki/Brigitte_Lacombe) October Liv Tyler (/wiki/Liv_Tyler) Agata Pospieszynska November Claudia Schiffer (/wiki/Claudia_Schiffer) Agata Pospieszynska December Chloë Sevigny (/wiki/Chlo%C3%AB_Sevigny) Thomas Whiteside 2018 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January Viktoriia Gerasimova (/w/index.php?title=Viktoriia_Gerasimova&action=edit&redlink=1) Arseny Jabiev February Daphne Groeneveld (/wiki/Daphne_Groeneveld) Agata Pospieszynska March Emilia Clarke (/wiki/Emilia_Clarke) Mariano Vivanco (/wiki/Mariano_Vivanco) April Audrey Marnay (/wiki/Audrey_Marnay) Agata Pospieszynska May Lera Abova (/wiki/Lera_Abova) Agata Pospieszynska June Nadya Karpova (/w/index.php?title=Nadya_Karpova&action=edit&redlink=1) Erik Panov July Anine van Velzen (/w/index.php?title=Anine_van_Velzen&action=edit&redlink=1) Agata Pospieszynska August Nicki Minaj (/wiki/Nicki_Minaj) Greg Swales September Christina Aguilera (/wiki/Christina_Aguilera) Mario Sorrenti (/wiki/Mario_Sorrenti) October Chiara Ferragni (/wiki/Chiara_Ferragni) & Maria Grazia Chiuri (/wiki/Maria_Grazia_Chiuri) Arseny Jabiev November Soo Joo Park (/wiki/Soo_Joo_Park) Arseny Jabiev December Lena Perminova (/w/index.php?title=Lena_Perminova&action=edit&redlink=1) David Bellemere (/wiki/David_Bellemere) 2019 [ edit ] Issue Cover model Photographer January Karolína Kurková (/wiki/Karol%C3%ADna_Kurkov%C3%A1) Sonia Szóstak February Jessie Bloemendaal (/w/index.php?title=Jessie_Bloemendaal&action=edit&redlink=1) Sonia Szóstak March Jennifer Lopez (/wiki/Jennifer_Lopez) Camilla Åkrans April Eva Herzigová (/wiki/Eva_Herzigov%C3%A1) Philip Gay May Florence Welch (/wiki/Florence_Welch) Nick Hudson June Rachel Marx (/w/index.php?title=Rachel_Marx&action=edit&redlink=1) Stefano Galuzzi July Alicia Vikander (/wiki/Alicia_Vikander) Mariano Vivanco (/wiki/Mariano_Vivanco) August Sean Levy (/w/index.php?title=Sean_Levy&action=edit&redlink=1) Hördur Ingason September Kate Moss (/wiki/Kate_Moss) Mario Sorrenti (/wiki/Mario_Sorrenti) October Aaron Shandel (/w/index.php?title=Aaron_Shandel&action=edit&redlink=1) & Veroniek Gielkens (/w/index.php?title=Veroniek_Gielkens&action=edit&redlink=1) Stephan Lisowski November McKenna Hellam (/wiki/McKenna_Hellam) Stefano Galuzzi December Lily Aldridge (/wiki/Lily_Aldridge) David Roemer References [ edit ] External links [ edit ] Harper's Bazaar Russia (https://models.com/client/harpers-bazaar-russia/Magazine_Cover) on Models.com https://www.flickr.com/photos/61104921@N08/sets/72157627085518780 (https://www.flickr.com/photos/61104921@N08/sets/72157627085518780) v t e Lists (/wiki/Lists_of_Harper%27s_Bazaar_cover_models) of Harper's Bazaar (/wiki/Harper%27s_Bazaar) cover models Arabia (/wiki/List_of_Harper%27s_Bazaar_Arabia_cover_models) Argentina (/wiki/List_of_Harper%27s_Bazaar_Argentina_cover_models) Australia (/wiki/List_of_Harper%27s_Bazaar_Australia_cover_models) Brazil (/wiki/List_of_Harper%27s_Bazaar_Brazil_cover_models) Chile (/wiki/List_of_Harper%27s_Bazaar_Chile_cover_models) Germany (/wiki/List_of_Harper%27s_Bazaar_Germany_cover_models) India 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Reigning Champ Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion_industry) Founded 2007 Founder Craig Atkinson Headquarters Vancouver (/wiki/Vancouver) , British Columbia (/wiki/British_Columbia) , Canada Area served North America Products Clothing (/wiki/Clothing) Parent (/wiki/Parent_company) CYC Design Corporation Website reigningchamp.com (https://www.reigningchamp.com/) Reigning Champ is a Canadian (/wiki/Economy_of_Canada) streetwear (/wiki/Streetwear) and athleisure (/wiki/Athleisure) brand based in Vancouver (/wiki/Vancouver) [1] (#cite_note-1) and founded in 2007 by Craig Atkinson, who also founded wings+horns. [2] (#cite_note-hypebeast-2) The brand (/wiki/Brand) focuses on caps, t-shirts (/wiki/T-shirt) , hoodies (/wiki/Hoodies) , sweatpants (/wiki/Sweatpants) , shorts, and tank tops in cotton (/wiki/Cotton) , heavyweight fleece (/wiki/Polar_fleece) , and merino wool (/wiki/Merino_wool) . [3] (#cite_note-3) Reigning Champ is sold at 130 retailers (/wiki/Retail) worldwide. In June 2021 Reigning Champ entered into a definitive agreement to be acquired by Canadian apparel retailer Aritzia (/wiki/Aritzia) at a valuation of $63 million. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) Collaborations [ edit ] Reigning Champ worked with adidas (/wiki/Adidas) on designs for shoes, shorts, track pants, sweatpants, knit bomber jackets (/wiki/Bomber_jacket) , and hoodies (/wiki/Hoodies) . [6] (#cite_note-6) Reigning Champ has collaborated with Everest, Asics (/wiki/Asics) Tiger, Major League Soccer (/wiki/Major_League_Soccer) , National Basketball Association (/wiki/National_Basketball_Association) , and Converse (/wiki/Converse_(shoe_company)) . [2] (#cite_note-hypebeast-2) See also [ edit ] A Bathing Ape (/wiki/A_Bathing_Ape) Billionaire Boys Club (/wiki/Billionaire_Boys_Club_(clothing_retailer)) Virgil Abloh (/wiki/Virgil_Abloh) OVO (/wiki/OVO_Sound#OVO_Clothing) Chrome Hearts (/wiki/Chrome_Hearts) Highsnobiety (/wiki/Highsnobiety) Visvim (/wiki/Visvim) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Reigning Champ (http://needsupply.com/mens/brands/reigning-champ) Need Supply Co. (/wiki/Need_Supply_Co.) ^ a b Reigning Champ (https://hypebeast.com/tags/reigning-champ) hypebeast.com ^ (#cite_ref-3) Reigning Champ (https://shop.havenshop.ca/collections/reigning-champ) Haven ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Aritzia expands into men's clothing with purchase of majority stake in athletic-wear company" (https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/article-aritzia-expands-into-mens-clothing-with-purchase-of-majority-stake-in/) . Retrieved 2021-06-20 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Inc, Aritzia. "Aritzia accelerates expansion into men's with acquisition of premium athletic wear brand Reigning Champ" (https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/aritzia-accelerates-expansion-into-men-s-with-acquisition-of-premium-athletic-wear-brand-reigning-champ-832419410.html) . www.newswire.ca . Retrieved 2021-06-20 . {{ cite web (/wiki/Template:Cite_web) }} : |last= has generic name ( help (/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name) ) ^ (#cite_ref-6) Reigning Champ (http://www.adidas.com/us/reigning_champ) adidas (/wiki/Adidas) .com This article about a Canadian corporation or company is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reigning_Champ&oldid=1211862361 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reigning_Champ&oldid=1211862361) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Street fashion (/wiki/Category:Street_fashion) Clothing brands of Canada (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_of_Canada) Canadian company stubs (/wiki/Category:Canadian_company_stubs) Companies based in Vancouver (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Vancouver) 2007 establishments in British Columbia (/wiki/Category:2007_establishments_in_British_Columbia) Hidden categories: CS1 errors: generic name (/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_generic_name) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
French clothing merchant Émile Camuset was a French clothing merchant in the 19th century. He was the founder of the Le Coq Sportif (/wiki/Le_Coq_Sportif) sports equipment company. He began the company in 1882 with the opening of a little hosiery store in Romilly-sur-Seine (/wiki/Romilly-sur-Seine) , in a part of the Champagne region (/wiki/Champagne_region) called the Aube (/wiki/Aube) . [1] (#cite_note-1) He is cited as the original creator of sweatpants (/wiki/Sweatpants) . [2] (#cite_note-2) Camuset began developing new lines of clothing which incorporated cotton ribs, brushed fleece and jersey. This was in contrast to many of the more traditional methods of clothing available at the time. The increased comfort and breathability were incorporated into the first items of sportswear. [3] (#cite_note-3) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Le Coq Sportif Company History" (http://www.lecoqsportif.com/uk-en/story) . Le Coq Sportif . Retrieved 30 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Sweatpants History: The Comfortable Choice" (http://www.asicentral.com/news/magazines/wearables/novdec-2014/sweatpants-the-comfortable-choice/) . ASI . Retrieved 30 March 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) " (http://www.port-magazine.com/fashion/the-seventh-day-suit/) 'The Seventh Day Suit': History of the Le Coq Sportif tracksuit" (http://www.port-magazine.com/fashion/the-seventh-day-suit/) . Port Magazine . Retrieved 30 March 2015 . v t e Clothing (/wiki/Clothing) History (/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles) Industry (/wiki/Clothing_industry) Technology (/wiki/Clothing_technology) Terminology (/wiki/Clothing_terminology) Timeline (/wiki/Timeline_of_clothing_and_textiles_technology) Headwear (/wiki/Headgear) Beret (/wiki/Beret) Cap (/wiki/Cap) baseball (/wiki/Baseball_cap) flat (/wiki/Flat_cap) knit (/wiki/Knit_cap) Hat (/wiki/Hat) boater (/wiki/Boater) bowler (/wiki/Bowler_hat) fedora (/wiki/Fedora) homburg (/wiki/Homburg_hat) top (/wiki/Top_hat) Helmet (/wiki/Helmet) Hood (/wiki/Hood_(headgear)) Kerchief (/wiki/Kerchief) Mask (/wiki/Mask) Turban (/wiki/Turban) Veil (/wiki/Veil) Neckwear (/wiki/Neckwear) Bands (/wiki/Bands_(neckwear)) Choker (/wiki/Choker) Clerical collar (/wiki/Clerical_collar) Lavallière (/wiki/Pussy_bow) Neckerchief (/wiki/Neckerchief) Neck gaiter (/wiki/Neck_gaiter) Necktie (/wiki/Necktie) ascot (/wiki/Ascot_tie) bolo (/wiki/Bolo_tie) bow (/wiki/Bow_tie) kipper 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(/wiki/Formal_trousers) Go-to-hell (/wiki/Go-to-hell_pants) High water (/wiki/High-rise_(fashion)) Lowrise (/wiki/Low-rise_(fashion)) Jeans (/wiki/Jeans) Jodhpurs (/wiki/Jodhpurs) Overalls (/wiki/Overalls) Palazzo (/wiki/Palazzo_pants) Parachute (/wiki/Parachute_pants) Pedal pushers (/wiki/Pedal_pushers) Phat (/wiki/Phat_pants) Shorts (/wiki/Shorts) Bermuda (/wiki/Bermuda_shorts) dycling (/wiki/Cycling_shorts) dolphin (/wiki/Dolphin_shorts) gym (/wiki/Gym_shorts) hotpants (/wiki/Hotpants) running (/wiki/Running_shorts) Slim-fit (/wiki/Slim-fit_pants) Sweatpants (/wiki/Sweatpants) Windpants (/wiki/Windpants) Yoga pants (/wiki/Yoga_pants) Suits (/wiki/Suit) and uniforms (/wiki/Uniform) Ceremonial dress (/wiki/Ceremonial_dress) academic (/wiki/Academic_dress) court (/wiki/Court_dress) diplomatic (/wiki/Diplomatic_uniform) Folk (/wiki/Folk_costume) Jodhpuri (/wiki/Jodhpuri) Jumpsuit (/wiki/Jumpsuit) Military (/wiki/Military_uniform) full (/wiki/Full_dress_uniform) mess 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clothing (/wiki/Reconstructed_clothing) Right to clothing (/wiki/Right_to_clothing) Vintage clothing (/wiki/Vintage_clothing) Clothing portal (/wiki/Portal:Clothing) This French business–related biographical article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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(Redirected from Balabala (/w/index.php?title=Balabala&redirect=no) ) Zhejiang Semir Garment Co., Ltd , was founded by Qiu Guanghe in the province of Wenzhou, China on December 18, 1996. About [ edit ] Semir Group is a leading Chinese multi-brand listed garment company focused on the fashion retail business of casual wear and children’s wear with two major brands— SEMIR and balabala . Today the company has over than 4,000 employees, operates a sales network with more than 7000 standalone stores in China and over 12 countries and regions and became publicity listed on Shenzhen Stock Exchange in 2011. The company has gained a sustainable and steady growth in the recent years. In 2019, the company has achieved revenue of approximately 2.798 billion dollars and profit of 311 million dollars. Semir Group has been shortlisted for the top ten profit and sales in China's clothing industry and the top 500 private enterprises in China for many years. History [ edit ] 1996 : The Semir was founded in Wenzhou 1997 : The Semir brand casual wear opened the first store in Jiangsu province 2002 : Semir launched balabala, the new kids clothes brand of the company 2006 : The Semir brand was successively awarded the titles of "China Famous Brand" and "China Famous Trademark", and was listed among the top 10 competitiveness of China's garment industry 2006 : On the occasion of the 10th anniversary of Semir's establishment, Semir group invested 20 million yuan to establish Semir Charity Fund, which is used to help disadvantaged groups in society and enterprises who encounter difficulties 2010 : Semir Group donated 3 million yuan to Yushu disaster area and donated 2 million yuan of clothing 2011 : Zhejiang Semir Garment Co., Ltd was listed on the SME board of the Shenzhen Stock Exchange 2012 : Semir Group established Zhejiang Semir E-commerce Company in Hangzhou. 2013 : Semir Group became the general agent of German brand Marc O'Polo clothing products in China 2017 : The group began the international expansion, with opening its first foreign store in Saudi Arabia, Riyadh 2019 : The annual sales of Semir group exceeded 2.9 billion USD, the number of stores reached more than 7.000 2020 : Semir Group donates 10 million yuan to support the fight against the Covid-19 pandemic 2021 : Semir and balabala brand continue global expansion and enters new markets of: Nepal, Vietnam, Qatar, Dubai, Macao and Cambodia, trading in more than 25 countries and regions Notable brand endorsers [ edit ] Han Geng (/wiki/Han_Geng) (2009) Choi Siwon (/wiki/Choi_Siwon) (2009) Show Lo (/wiki/Show_Lo) (2009) Super Junior-M (/wiki/Super_Junior-M) (2009-2010) Lee Min-ho (/w/index.php?title=Lee_Min-ho_(company)&action=edit&redlink=1) (2012-2014) Kim Soo-hyun (/wiki/Kim_Soo-hyun) (2014-2015) Lee Jong-suk (/wiki/Lee_Jong-suk) (2014-2016) [1] (#cite_note-1) Minah (/wiki/Minah) (2014-2016) Yura (/wiki/Kim_Yura) (2014-2016) Kim Woo-bin (/wiki/Kim_Woo-bin) (2015-2017) [2] (#cite_note-2) Yang Yang (/wiki/Yang_Yang_(actor)) (2016-2018) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Lee Jong Suk becomes the new face of Chinese apparel brand 'Semir' (http://www.allkpop.com/article/2014/08/lee-jong-suk-becomes-the-new-face-of-chinese-apparel-brand-semir) " (http://www.allkpop.com/article/2014/08/lee-jong-suk-becomes-the-new-face-of-chinese-apparel-brand-semir) . Allkpop . 5 August 2014 . Retrieved 26 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Kim Woo Bin Joins Lee Min Ho, Kim Soo Hyun, and Lee Jong Seok to Rep Chinese Clothing Brand Semir" (http://koalasplayground.com/2015/04/10/kim-woo-bin-joins-lee-min-ho-kim-soo-hyun-and-lee-jong-seok-to-rep-chinese-clothing-brand-semir/) . A Koala's Playground . 10 April 2015 . Retrieved 10 April 2015 . This Chinese corporation or company article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . 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Clothing companies (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies) of the United States (/wiki/Category:United_States) — American fashion (/wiki/Category:American_fashion) design and clothing manufacturing companies based in the U.S. See also: Category: Clothing brands of the United States (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_of_the_United_States) Contents Top (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States) 0–9 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=0) A (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=A) B (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=B) C (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=C) D (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=D) E (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=E) F (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=F) G (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=G) H (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=H) I (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=I) J (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=J) K (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=K) L (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=L) M (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=M) N (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=N) O (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=O) P (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=P) Q (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=Q) R (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=R) S (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=S) T (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=T) U (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=U) V (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=V) W (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=W) X (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=X) Y (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=Y) Z (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States&from=Z) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐55cdc77579‐tprms Cached time: 20240722054534 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [no‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.243 seconds Real time usage: 0.322 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 481/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 35511/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 4164/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 20/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 5668/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.085/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1348108/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 300.050 1 -total 40.81% 122.457 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 39.88% 119.649 2 Template:Category_other 37.61% 112.834 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 34.58% 103.750 1 Template:Category_TOC 29.95% 89.853 1 Template:TOC_top 25.88% 77.647 1 Template:Commons_category 24.82% 74.476 1 Template:Sister_project 23.87% 71.633 1 Template:Side_box 23.28% 69.854 1 Template:Flatlist Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:732815-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722054534 and revision id 1223763744. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 8 subcategories, out of 8 total. Shoe companies of the United States (/wiki/Category:Shoe_companies_of_the_United_States) ‎ (7 C, 167 P) B Clothing brands of the United States (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_of_the_United_States) ‎ (6 C, 331 P) C Clothing companies based in California (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_based_in_California) ‎ (1 C, 3 P) G Gap Inc. (/wiki/Category:Gap_Inc.) ‎ (2 C, 1 P) H Hanesbrands (/wiki/Category:Hanesbrands) ‎ (9 P) N Clothing companies based in New York (state) (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_based_in_New_York_(state)) ‎ (1 C, 1 P) R Clothing retailers of the United States (/wiki/Category:Clothing_retailers_of_the_United_States) ‎ (7 C, 265 P) V Victoria's Secret (/wiki/Category:Victoria%27s_Secret) ‎ (2 C, 27 P) Pages in category "Clothing companies of the United States" The following 159 pages are in this category, out of 159 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Adore Me (/wiki/Adore_Me) Aerie (clothing retailer) (/wiki/Aerie_(clothing_retailer)) Affliction Clothing (/wiki/Affliction_Clothing) Aimé Leon Dore (/wiki/Aim%C3%A9_Leon_Dore) Airblaster (/wiki/Airblaster) Akademiks (/wiki/Akademiks) Alanic (/wiki/Alanic) AlbertMing (/wiki/AlbertMing) Alfred Angelo (/wiki/Alfred_Angelo) Alpha Industries (/wiki/Alpha_Industries) Alton Lane (/wiki/Alton_Lane) Amekor (/wiki/Amekor) American Giant (/wiki/American_Giant) Askov Finlayson (/wiki/Askov_Finlayson) B B.U.M. Equipment (/wiki/B.U.M._Equipment) Bad Boy (brand) (/wiki/Bad_Boy_(brand)) Badgley Mischka (/wiki/Badgley_Mischka) Bali (lingerie) (/wiki/Bali_(lingerie)) Birdwell (clothing) (/wiki/Birdwell_(clothing)) Black Kat Kustoms (/wiki/Black_Kat_Kustoms) Black Manufacturing Company (/wiki/Black_Manufacturing_Company) The Black Tux (/wiki/The_Black_Tux) Brittania Sportswear (/wiki/Brittania_Sportswear) Bulwark Protection (/wiki/Bulwark_Protection) Burton Snowboards (/wiki/Burton_Snowboards) C Cabot Hosiery Mills (/wiki/Cabot_Hosiery_Mills) Cavitycolors (/wiki/Cavitycolors) Champion (sportswear) (/wiki/Champion_(sportswear)) Children's Apparel Network (/wiki/Children%27s_Apparel_Network) Chip and Pepper (/wiki/Chip_and_Pepper) Chrome Industries (/wiki/Chrome_Industries) Cintas (/wiki/Cintas) Clandestine Industries (/wiki/Clandestine_Industries) Clothestime (/wiki/Clothestime) CM Almy (/wiki/CM_Almy) Commando (company) (/wiki/Commando_(company)) CR No Guts No Glory (/wiki/CR_No_Guts_No_Glory) Curtsy App and Blog (/wiki/Curtsy_App_and_Blog) Cushnie (fashion house) (/wiki/Cushnie_(fashion_house)) Custom Ink (/wiki/Custom_Ink) D Dickies (/wiki/Dickies) Dirtbag Clothing (/wiki/Dirtbag_Clothing) Dooney & Bourke (/wiki/Dooney_%26_Bourke) Dope Couture (/wiki/Dope_Couture) E Ebbets Field Flannels (/wiki/Ebbets_Field_Flannels) Ellen Tracy (/wiki/Ellen_Tracy) Enyce (/wiki/Enyce) Eva Danielle (/wiki/Eva_Danielle) F Faherty Brand (/wiki/Faherty_Brand) Figs (company) (/wiki/Figs_(company)) Fleur du Mal (/wiki/Fleur_du_Mal) Fox River Mills (/wiki/Fox_River_Mills) Fruit of the Loom (/wiki/Fruit_of_the_Loom) Fusion Specialties (/wiki/Fusion_Specialties) G The Game Headwear (/wiki/The_Game_Headwear) G&K Services (/wiki/G%26K_Services) Garan, Inc. (/wiki/Garan,_Inc.) Gerry (company) (/wiki/Gerry_(company)) Glamour Kills (/wiki/Glamour_Kills) Goldworm (/wiki/Goldworm) GoRuck (/wiki/GoRuck) H Hanesbrands (/wiki/Hanesbrands) Antthony Mark Hankins (/wiki/Antthony_Mark_Hankins) Heatherette (/wiki/Heatherette) Holden Outerwear (/wiki/Holden_Outerwear) Hourglass Angel (/wiki/Hourglass_Angel) House of Diehl (/wiki/House_of_Diehl) Hurley International (/wiki/Hurley_International) I Ibex Outdoor Clothing (/wiki/Ibex_Outdoor_Clothing) Icarus FC (/wiki/Icarus_FC) Intermix (fashion) (/wiki/Intermix_(fashion)) International Hat Company (/wiki/International_Hat_Company) J J. Peterman Company (/wiki/J._Peterman_Company) JanSport (/wiki/JanSport) Jockey International (/wiki/Jockey_International) John B. 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Modeling agency This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Munich_Models) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Munich Models" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Munich+Models%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Munich+Models%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Munich+Models%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Munich+Models%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Munich+Models%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Munich+Models%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( September 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) MUNICH MODELS GmbH is a modeling agency (/wiki/Modeling_agency) based in Munich (/wiki/Munich) , Germany (/wiki/Germany) . Founded in 1992 by Susanne Maushake (/w/index.php?title=Susanne_Maushake&action=edit&redlink=1) , the agency represents female models for editorial and commercial modelling. Models represented (present) [ edit ] Munich Models represented by the agency include: [1] (#cite_note-1) Alexina Graham (/wiki/Alexina_Graham) Candice Swanepoel (/wiki/Candice_Swanepoel) Caroline Brasch Nielsen (/wiki/Caroline_Brasch_Nielsen) Caroline Ribeiro (/wiki/Caroline_Ribeiro) Chiara Baschetti (/w/index.php?title=Chiara_Baschetti&action=edit&redlink=1) [ it (https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiara_Baschetti) ] Cintia Dicker (/wiki/Cintia_Dicker) Claudia Mason (/wiki/Claudia_Mason) Daniela Peštová (/wiki/Daniela_Pe%C5%A1tov%C3%A1) Denisa Dvořáková (/wiki/Denisa_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1kov%C3%A1) Dorothea Barth Jörgensen (/wiki/Dorothea_Barth_J%C3%B6rgensen) Emanuela de Paula (/wiki/Emanuela_de_Paula) Eva Klímková (/wiki/Eva_Kl%C3%ADmkov%C3%A1) Fatima Siad (/wiki/Fatima_Siad) Inés Sastre (/wiki/In%C3%A9s_Sastre) Joséphine Le Tutour (/wiki/Jos%C3%A9phine_Le_Tutour) Juana Burga Cervera (/wiki/Juana_Burga_Cervera) Kenza Fourati (/wiki/Kenza_Fourati) Luisa Hartema (/wiki/Luisa_Hartema) Ling Tan (/wiki/Ling_Tan) Magdalena Frackowiak (/wiki/Magdalena_Frackowiak) Michaela Hlaváčková (/wiki/Michaela_Hlav%C3%A1%C4%8Dkov%C3%A1) Ming Xi (/wiki/Ming_Xi) Pauline Hoarau (/wiki/Pauline_Hoarau) Raica Oliveira (/wiki/Raica_Oliveira) Ronja Furrer (/w/index.php?title=Ronja_Furrer&action=edit&redlink=1) [ de (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronja_Furrer) ] Sigrid Agren (/wiki/Sigrid_Agren) Tao Okamoto (/wiki/Tao_Okamoto) Tatjana Patitz (/wiki/Tatjana_Patitz) Trinidad de la Noi (/wiki/Trinidad_de_la_Noi) Vanessa Lorenzo (/wiki/Vanessa_Lorenzo) Yfke Sturm (/wiki/Yfke_Sturm) See also [ edit ] List of modeling agencies (/wiki/List_of_modeling_agencies) Notes and references [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Munich Models (Munich, Germany) Modeling Agency - models.com Agency Profile" (https://models.com/agency/Munich-Models/ranked) . models.com . 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Beauty pageant in South Korea Not to be confused with Miss Korea (/wiki/Miss_Korea) or Miss Queen Korea (/wiki/Miss_Queen_Korea) . Miss Grand Korea 미스 그랜드 코리아 Formation 2020 ; 4 years ago ( 2020 ) Type Beauty pageant (/wiki/Beauty_pageant) Headquarters Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) Location South Korea (/wiki/South_Korea) Membership Miss Grand International (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International) Official language Korean (/wiki/Korean_language) President Kim Ho-Seong Key people Kim Hyunjung Parent organization Korea Marriage Bureau & Korea Premium Brand Association (2020 –present) Website Official website (http://www.missgrandkorea.co.kr/) Miss Grand Korea ( Korean (/wiki/Korean_language) : 미스 그랜드 코리아 ) is a lower concept of Miss Grand International that is held annually as a national female beauty pageant (/wiki/Beauty_pageant) in Korea since 2020. This pageant is to select the representative for Korea to Miss Grand International (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International) , which is a pageant promoting World Peace (/wiki/World_Peace) and is against all violent conflicts. [1] (#cite_note-philstar4-1) [2] (#cite_note-standard-2) The current Miss Grand Korea titleholder is Lee Ji-ho of Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) . Lee was crowned Miss Grand Korea on October 22, 2021. History [ edit ] From 2013 to 2015, the Korean representatives at Miss Grand International (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International) were determined by appointing Korean-Canadians (/wiki/Korean_Canadians) that competed in the Miss Earth Canada (/wiki/Miss_Earth_Canada) contest. Later in 2016, the 1L2H Company chaired by South Korean businessman Hyun Dae-Gon franchised the license for Miss Grand International in Korea. The 2016 titleholder was appointed with the first contest being held the following year 2017. [3] (#cite_note-:2020A-3) In 2020, the marriage bureau company, Purples, and the Korea Premium Brand Association (KPBA), with Kim Ho-Seong as the president, purchased the Korean license for Miss Grand International and held the contest later that year with it airing on OBS Gyeongin TV (/wiki/OBS_Gyeongin_TV) . [3] (#cite_note-:2020A-3) [4] (#cite_note-:2020B-4) There was a lawsuit between KPBA and the 1L2H Company about the use of the brand name for Miss Grand Korea. Still, the court rejected all the arguments from both sides since the court considered the brand Miss Grand International belongs to the CEO of Miss Grand International, Nawatt. The court arbitrated that the name Miss Grand Korea could confuse participants, so only those with a current license should use the brand name which caused the old organization to change its pageant name to Miss Glorize Korea in late 2020. [3] (#cite_note-:2020A-3) Editions [ edit ] Date and venue [ edit ] The following list details of the every Miss Grand Korea contest since the first one in 2017. Year Edition Date Final venue Host Province Entrants Ref. 2017 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2017) 1st 6 July EL Tower (엘타워), Seocho (/wiki/Seocho_District) Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) 27 [5] (#cite_note-:2017A-5) [6] (#cite_note-:2017B-6) 2018 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2018) 2nd 30 August Dinozze Convention, Seongdong (/wiki/Seongdong_District) Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) 22 [7] (#cite_note-:2018A-7) [8] (#cite_note-:2018B-8) 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2019) 3rd 12 July Island Castle Hotel Resort, Uijeongbu (/wiki/Uijeongbu) Gyeonggi (/wiki/Gyeonggi_Province) 22 [9] (#cite_note-:2019A-9) [10] (#cite_note-:2019B-10) 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2020) 4th [a] (#cite_note-C-11) 15 August Grand Walkerhill, Gwangjin (/wiki/Gwangjin_District) Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) 36 [3] (#cite_note-:2020A-3) [4] (#cite_note-:2020B-4) [11] (#cite_note-:2020C-12) — [b] (#cite_note-B-13) 22 October Dinozze Convention, Art Hall, Seongdong-gu (/wiki/Seongdong-Gu) Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) 12 [12] (#cite_note-14) 2021 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2021) 5th 29 October Daejeon Convention Center, Daedeok (/wiki/Daedeok_District) Daejeon (/wiki/Daejeon) 22 [13] (#cite_note-:2021A-15) [14] (#cite_note-:2021B-16) 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2023) 6th 4 June Grand Walkerhill, Gwangjin (/wiki/Gwangjin_District) Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) 18 [15] (#cite_note-mgk23-17) [16] (#cite_note-mgk2023-18) Competition results [ edit ] Year Miss Grand Korea Runners-up Ref. 1st runner-up 2nd runner-up 3rd runner-up 4th runner-up 2017 Park Ha Young An Eunsaem Yoon Mi Kim, Jeong Suji, Kim Sona No 3rd & 4th runners-up [17] (#cite_note-final-19) 2018 Choi Min Park Nae-yeon Kim Gwang-eun Jung Yoo-hyun Kim Hyodang [18] (#cite_note-biz-20) [19] (#cite_note-aport-21) 2019 Park Serim Moon Jinhee Lee Dojeong Lee Woohyun Yoon Sumi [20] (#cite_note-22) [21] (#cite_note-result2019-23) 2020 [b] (#cite_note-B-13) Oh Yuna Lim Hyora Lim Hayoung Jeong Yurim Kim Minji 2020 [a] (#cite_note-C-11) Lee Hyun-young Choi Yuna Shin Ye-eun, Gabin Lee No 3rd & 4th runners-up [22] (#cite_note-2020result-24) 2021 Lee Jiho Lim Seon-Yeong, Lim Ga-Yeong, Lee Hyeon-Ah [23] (#cite_note-2021result-25) 2023 Park Ji-young Han Da-yeon Jo Hye-min Lee Myung-hee, Lee Na-ra No 4th runners-up [24] (#cite_note-glo-26) Notes ^ a b Organized by the Korea Marriage Bureau & Korea Premium Brand Association ^ a b Organized by the SKPBA and 1L2H Company Representatives at Miss Grand International [ edit ] Year Representative Original national title International result National director Placement Other awards 2013 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2013) Yuri Kim [25] (#cite_note-ko13-27) — Unplaced [26] (#cite_note-res13-28) — Ronaldo Soriano Trono 2014 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2014) Sung Hye-Won [27] (#cite_note-ko14-29) — Unplaced [28] (#cite_note-res14-30) — 2015 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2015) Dasol Lee [29] (#cite_note-ko15-31) — Unplaced [30] (#cite_note-res15-32) — 2016 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2016) Yeseul Cho [31] (#cite_note-33) [32] (#cite_note-ko16-34) — Top 10 [33] (#cite_note-res16-35) Miss Popular Vote [33] (#cite_note-res16-35) Hyun Dae-Gon 2017 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2017) Park Ha Young [5] (#cite_note-:2017A-5) [6] (#cite_note-:2017B-6) Miss Grand Korea 2017 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2017) [5] (#cite_note-:2017A-5) [6] (#cite_note-:2017B-6) Unplaced [34] (#cite_note-res17-36) — 2018 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2018) Choi Min [7] (#cite_note-:2018A-7) [8] (#cite_note-:2018B-8) Miss Grand Korea 2018 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2018) [7] (#cite_note-:2018A-7) [8] (#cite_note-:2018B-8) Unplaced [35] (#cite_note-res19-37) — 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2019) Park Serim [9] (#cite_note-:2019A-9) [10] (#cite_note-:2019B-10) Miss Grand Korea 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2019) [9] (#cite_note-:2019A-9) [10] (#cite_note-:2019B-10) Unable to compete [36] (#cite_note-mtkr-38) 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2020) Lee Hyun-young [3] (#cite_note-:2020A-3) [4] (#cite_note-:2020B-4) Miss Grand Korea 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2020) [4] (#cite_note-:2020B-4) [11] (#cite_note-:2020C-12) Unplaced [37] (#cite_note-res20-39) — Kim Ho-Seong 2021 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2021) Lee Ji-ho [38] (#cite_note-40) Miss Grand Korea 2021 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2021) [13] (#cite_note-:2021A-15) [14] (#cite_note-:2021B-16) Unplaced [39] (#cite_note-res21-41) — 2022 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2022) Lee Juyeon [40] (#cite_note-42) — Unplaced [41] (#cite_note-res22-43) — 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2023) Park Ji-young [42] (#cite_note-kor23-44) Miss Grand Korea 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2023) [42] (#cite_note-kor23-44) Unplaced — Color keys for the Placements at Miss Grand International (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International) Declared as the winner Ended as a runner-up Ended as a finalist Ended as a semifinalist Ended as special awards Winner gallery [ edit ] Park Ha-yeong Miss Grand Korea 2017 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2017) ( Suwon (/wiki/Suwon) ) Choi Min Miss Grand Korea 2018 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2018) ( Seongnam (/wiki/Seongnam) ) Park Serim Miss Grand Korea 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2019) ( Gyeonggi (/wiki/Gyeonggi_Province) ) Lee Jiho Miss Grand Korea 2021 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2021) ( Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) ) Lee Ju-yeon Miss Grand Korea 2022 ( Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) ) Park Ji-young Miss Grand Korea 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2023) ( Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) ) National finalists [ edit ] The following list is the national finalists of the Miss Grand Korea pageant, as well as the competition results. Color keys W Declared as the winner Ended as a runner-up Ended as a semifinalist Ended as a quaterfinalist Ended as special awards winner – Did not participate Withdraw during the competition Year Region (/wiki/List_of_cities_in_South_Korea) 2017 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2017) 2018 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2018) 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2019) 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2023) Ulsan (/wiki/Ulsan) Jin Hye-ryeon Han Ji-hye Lee Yuna Cho Hye-min (2nd) Busan (/wiki/Busan) Lee Na-hyeon Kim Ga-eun (Top 5) Lee Ji-heun Jeong Myeong-moon Gwangju (/wiki/Gwangju) An Seo-la Kwon Min-ju Jang So-yeoung Choi Hae-won Ansan (/wiki/Ansan) Mo Su-jin Mo Hong Ah-li — — Hwaseong (/wiki/Hwaseong,_Gyeonggi) Yoo Soo-kyeong — — — Uijeongbu (/wiki/Uijeongbu) Kang Jisoo — — — Siheung (/wiki/Siheung) Lee Hyeon-seo — — — Seoul (/wiki/Seoul) Kim Bitnal Yoonmi (Top 5) Kim Saeb-yeol (Top 5) Yoon Su-mi (4th) Park Ji-young (W) Sejong (/wiki/Sejong_City) Kim Suji Kim Su-min Kang Bo-mi Shin Ye-ji Goyang (/wiki/Goyang) Kim Da-jeong Park Na-yeon (1st) Lee Do-jeong (2nd) Dahye Park Gangwon (/wiki/Gangwon_Province,_South_Korea) Jeong Suji (Top 5) Lee Mee-hee Lee Woo-hyun (3rd) Hong Ji-yoon Namyangju (/wiki/Namyangju) Ahn Eun-saem (1st) — Choi Dabin — Yongin (/wiki/Yongin) Moon Hee-seon Lim Min-ji — Jeong Hye-bin Anyang (/wiki/Anyang) Kim Joori Shin Hye-rim Hwang Jeong-eun — Daegu (/wiki/Daegu) Kim So-na (Top 5) Jeong Yu-hyeon (Top 5) Yoo Ha-kyung Lee Hyo-joo North Jeolla (/wiki/North_Jeolla_Province) Koo Bo-na Ahn Su-hee Lim Sujin Lee Na-ra (3rd) North Gyeongsang (/wiki/North_Gyeongsang_Province) Kim Ja-hyeon Go Eun-byeol Shin Soo-in Hwang Ha-jae North Chungcheong (/wiki/North_Chungcheong_Province) Park Myeong-ji Park Seo-ha Park Ji-soo Park Ji-yeon Incheon (/wiki/Incheon) Lee Yuna Jeon Seul-ah Kim Seon-young Jo Ye-eun Bucheon (/wiki/Bucheon) Lee Eom-ji Kang Ha-seul-lin — — Seongnam (/wiki/Seongnam) Kim Mi-ri Choi Min (W) Lim Jeong-hwa — Gyeonggi (/wiki/Gyeonggi_Province) Kim Hyeon-ji Kim Hyeon-ah Park Se-rim (W) Han Da-yeon (1st) Jeju (/wiki/Jeju_Province) — Jo Hyeon-mi Shim Bomi Hyein Kim Suwon (/wiki/Suwon) Park Ha-yeong (W) Yun Jeong Kwon Hee-young Jin Ho-jeong Daejeon (/wiki/Daejeon) Lee Ji-yeong — Mun Jin-hee (1st) Lee Myung-hee (3rd) South Chungcheong (/wiki/South_Chungcheong_Province) Lee Hanna Jang Seo-yeon Kim Hye-won Yang Ji-eun South Gyeongsang (/wiki/South_Gyeongsang_Province) Choi Hye-jin Kim Hyeon-jin Ko Eun-chae Choi Yun-hee South Jeolla (/wiki/South_Jeolla_Province) Yang Ji-won Kang Su-bin Park Yu-jin Kim Seong-yeong Total 27 23 22 20 Year No. 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2020) 2021 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Korea_2021) 01 Lee Ga Bin (2nd) Lee Jiho (W) 02 Choi Ko Ya Ji Hyojin 03 Lee Hyun Young (W) Lim Seon-Yeong (1st) 04 Shin Ye Eun (2nd) Ahn Ji-Yeong (Top 7) 05 Lee Ryu Kyung Lee Ga-On 06 Choi You Na (1st) Choi Ji-Hyo 07 Lee Da Jeong Ahn Min-jeong 08 Lee Yang Ji Lee Seo-na 09 Kim Seo Hyun Kim Soo-Hyun 10 Koo Hyun Jin Kim Bo-Song 11 Kim Han Bit Min Chae-rin 12 Lee Da Yeon Yoon Ji Won (Top 7) 13 Gong Ra Yoon Lee Ye-jin 14 Shin Jeong Won Lim Ga-Yeong (1st) 15 Moon Hye Reen Kim Tae-rin 16 Choi Hye Eun Choi Su-Bi 17 Lee Kyu Yeon Park Ji-seon 18 Shin You Bin Lee Su-Young 19 Han Hyun Hee Park Yeon-seo (Top 7) 20 Son Ji Eun Jeong Hye-won 21 Yoon Hye Jin Park Su-jin 22 Kim Ria Lee Hyun-Ah (1st) 23 Yu Ji Yoon — 24 Kim Yoon Jin 25 Shin Yi Won 26 Han Na Hee 27 Bang So Yun 28 Park Sang Hee 29 Koo Young Seul 30 Jung So Young 31 Choi Seung Hee 32 Park Saet Byeol 33 Seo Sol Bin 34 Jeon Chae Hyun 35 Yu Jae Sook 36 Lee Na Ra Total 36 22 See also [ edit ] Korea portal (/wiki/Portal:Korea) Miss Grand International (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International) Miss Korea (/wiki/Miss_Korea) Miss Queen Korea (/wiki/Miss_Queen_Korea) Mister World Korea (/wiki/Mister_World_Korea) Mister International Korea (/wiki/Mister_International_Korea) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-philstar4_1-0) Earl D.C. 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Archived from the original (https://news.mt.co.kr/mtview.php?no=2019100613567472424) on 29 April 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-res20_39-0) "Samantha Bernardo makes it to Top 20 of Miss Grand International!" (https://archive.today/20220826204805/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/content/781485/samantha-bernardo-makes-it-to-top-20-of-miss-grand-international/story/) . GMA Network (/wiki/GMA_Network) . 27 March 2021. Archived from the original (https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/content/781485/samantha-bernardo-makes-it-to-top-20-of-miss-grand-international/story/) on 26 August 2022 . Retrieved 27 August 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-40) "[GJ포토] 이지호, '한국미인협회 미스그랜드코리아 2021 조직위원 위촉' (https://www.gukjenews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=2477651) " (https://www.gukjenews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=2477651) . 국제뉴스 (in Korean). 27 May 2022 . Retrieved 14 June 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-res21_41-0) Robert Requintina (5 December 2021). "Samantha Panlilio ends journey in Miss Grand International 2021" (https://archive.today/20230521071155/https://mb.com.ph/2021/12/4/samantha-panlilio-ends-journey-in-miss-grand-international-2021) . Manila Bulletin (/wiki/Manila_Bulletin) . Archived from the original (https://mb.com.ph/2021/12/4/samantha-panlilio-ends-journey-in-miss-grand-international-2021) on 21 May 2023 . Retrieved 21 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-42) "Miss Grand International 2022 contestants" (https://web.archive.org/web/20221005212811/https://missgrandinternational.com/contestants/) . Miss Grand International. 5 October 2022. Archived from the original (https://missgrandinternational.com/contestants/) on 5 October 2022 . Retrieved 9 February 2023 – via Internet Archive (/wiki/Internet_Archive) . ^ (#cite_ref-res22_43-0) María Fernanda Cedeño (25 October 2022). "Miss Grand International 2022 Isabella Novaes Menin de Brasil, ganadora del certámen" (https://archive.today/20221025182232/https://colombia.as.com/tikitakas/miss-grand-international-2022-en-vivo-gala-del-certamen-de-belleza-en-directo-n/) . Colombia.as.com (in Spanish). Archived from the original (https://colombia.as.com/tikitakas/miss-grand-international-2022-en-vivo-gala-del-certamen-de-belleza-en-directo-n/) on 25 October 2022 . Retrieved 26 October 2022 . ^ a b "2023 미스그랜드코리아 퀸 박지영 [MK포토]" (https://archive.today/20230604223404/https://news.nate.com/view/20230604n15751?mid=e1100) . News.nate.com (in Korean). 4 June 2023. Archived from the original (https://news.nate.com/view/20230604n15751?mid=e1100) on 4 June 2023 . Retrieved 5 June 2023 . External links [ edit ] Miss Grand Korea Official website (http://www.missgrandkorea.co.kr/) 2016–2019 Former Licensee Website (https://web.archive.org/web/20190716200744/http://www.missgrandkorea.com/) Miss Grand Korea (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCWAlqWCTCAgXl4zvaAroq8Q) on YouTube (/wiki/YouTube) Media related to Miss Grand South Korea (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Miss_Grand_South_Korea) at Wikimedia Commons v t e Miss Grand International (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International) related-articles Editions 2010s 2013 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2013) 2014 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2014) 2015 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2015) 2016 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2016) 2017 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2017) 2018 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2018) 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2019) 2020s 2020 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2020) 2021 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2021) 2022 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2022) 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2023) 2024 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_2024) Titleholders (/wiki/List_of_Miss_Grand_International_titleholders) 2010s Janelee Chaparro (/wiki/Janelee_Chaparro) (2013) Lees Garcia (/wiki/Daryanne_Lees) (2014) Anea Garcia/Claire Elizabeth Parker (2015) Ariska Putri Pertiwi (2016) María José Lora (2017) Clara Sosa (/wiki/Clara_Sosa) (2018) Valentina Figuera (/wiki/Valentina_Figuera) (2019) 2020s Abena Appiah (/wiki/Abena_Appiah) (2020) Nguyễn Thúc Thùy Tiên (/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Th%C3%BAc_Th%C3%B9y_Ti%C3%AAn) (2021) Isabella Menin (/wiki/Isabella_Menin) (2022) Luciana Fuster (/wiki/Luciana_Fuster) (2023) Organization Company Miss Grand International PCL (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International_(company)) KMGI Ltd. 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(/wiki/Miss_Grand_United_States_2016) 2017 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_United_States_2017) 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_United_States_2019) 2021 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_United_States_2021) 2022 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_United_States_2022) 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_United_States_2023) 2024 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_United_States_2024) Local pageants Florida (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Florida) Others Guadeloupe (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Guadeloupe) Guatemala (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Guatemala) Haiti (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Haiti) Jamaica (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Jamaica) Panama (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Panama) Puerto Rico (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Puerto_Rico) Saint Vincent and the Grenadines v t e Miss Grand (/wiki/Miss_Grand_International) national pageants in South America (/wiki/South_America) Chile (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Chile) 2017 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Chile_2017) 2019 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Chile_2019) 2021 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Chile_2021) 2022 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Chile_2022) 2023 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Chile_2023) Colombia (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Colombia) 2018 (/wiki/Miss_Grand_Colombia_2018) 2022 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Hong Kong actress and fashion designer Not to be confused with Zhang Tian'ai (/wiki/Zhang_Tian%27ai) . This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Flora_Cheong-Leen) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Flora_Cheong-Leen) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article includes a list of references (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) , related reading (/wiki/Wikipedia:Further_reading) , or external links (/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links) , but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations) . Please help improve (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fact_and_Reference_Check) this article by introducing (/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite) more precise citations. ( October 2020 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This biography of a living person (/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons) needs additional citations (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help by adding reliable sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) . Contentious material (/wiki/Wikipedia:BLPREMOVE) about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced (/wiki/Wikipedia:QUESTIONABLE) must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous (/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel) . Find sources: "Flora Cheong-Leen" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Flora+Cheong-Leen%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Flora+Cheong-Leen%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Flora+Cheong-Leen%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Flora+Cheong-Leen%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Flora+Cheong-Leen%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Flora+Cheong-Leen%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( October 2020 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Flora Cheong-Leen 張天愛 Born Flora Zeta Elizabeth Cheong-Leen ( 1959-11-20 ) November 20, 1959 (age 64) British Hong Kong (/wiki/British_Hong_Kong) Occupation(s) fashion designer, former actress Spouses Anthony ​ ​ ( m. 1979; div. 1981) ​ Michael Ying (/wiki/Michael_Ying) ​ ​ ( m. 1987; div. 1990) ​ Alan Hoo (/wiki/Alan_Hoo) ​ ​ ( m. 1992; div. 1992) ​ Russell Wong (/wiki/Russell_Wong) ​ ​ ( m. 2003; div. 2012) ​ Children 1 Parent Hilton Cheong-Leen (/wiki/Hilton_Cheong-Leen) (father) Chinese name Traditional Chinese (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters) 張天愛 Simplified Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) 张天爱 Transcriptions Standard Mandarin (/wiki/Standard_Chinese) Hanyu Pinyin (/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin) Zhāng Tiān ài Yue: Cantonese (/wiki/Cantonese) Jyutping (/wiki/Jyutping) zoeng1 tin1 oi3 Flora Zeta Elizabeth Cheong-Leen (born November 20, 1959) is a Hong Kong (/wiki/Hong_Kong) actress (/wiki/Actress) and fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) . Biography [ edit ] Cheong-Leen was born in Hong Kong. Her father Hilton Cheong-Leen (/wiki/Hilton_Cheong-Leen) was born in Georgetown, British Guyana (/wiki/Georgetown,_British_Guyana) and is of Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_people) descent and her mother Pauline Chow is from Beijing (/wiki/Beijing) . She studied in the United Kingdom and France. After returning to Hong Kong, Cheong-Leen was selected as leading actress in 10 full-length motion pictures including Life after Life (Cinema City), Duel to the Death (/wiki/Duel_to_the_Death) (Golden Harvest), Chasing Girl (Cinema City), Return of the Deadly Blade (Champion International Film), Lung Gem Wei (Golden Harvest), and Cactus . After a brief career as a film actress, she went on to create fashion designs and costumes. Cheong-Leen launched her first clothing line, Pavlova, in 1981. Pavlova was followed by the Tian Art label, and Cheong-Leen couture collection. [ citation needed ] Personal life [ edit ] Cheong-Leen has been married and divorced four times. She has a daughter, Claudine, with her second husband, Michael Ying (/wiki/Michael_Ying) . References [ edit ] "Asia Tatler: The Spirit of High Society" (https://web.archive.org/web/20091011011407/http://www.hongkongtatler.com/main.php) . hongkongtatler.com . 11 October 2009. Archived from the original (http://www.hongkongtatler.com/main.php) on 11 October 2009. "Zhang Tian'ai (Flora Zeta)" (http://www.cctv.com/program/upclose/20051227/101606.shtml) . www.cctv.com . http://www.palazzolasvegas.com/assets/pdf/PALPR081209.pdf (http://www.palazzolasvegas.com/assets/pdf/PALPR081209.pdf) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐ff98d5cb5‐kc9zm Cached time: 20240722164552 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.843 seconds Real time usage: 1.059 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3823/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 78208/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 25703/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 22/100 Expensive parser function count: 8/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 19777/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.589/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 21775672/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1013.710 1 -total 54.95% 557.013 1 Template:Infobox_person 22.81% 231.249 1 Template:Infobox_Chinese 19.06% 193.250 3 Template:Ambox 19.05% 193.122 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 15.76% 159.733 1 Template:Plainlist 14.92% 151.203 4 Template:Marriage 11.93% 120.915 1 Template:Multiple_issues 11.67% 118.341 1 Template:Cite_web 8.65% 87.705 1 Template:Short_description Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:24360225-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722164552 and revision id 1218807435. 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Jovani Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion#Fashion_industry) Founded 1983 Founder Jacob Maslavi [ wd (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111526723) ] Headquarters 42 W 39th Street, New York City, New York 10018 Key people Saul Maslavi (/wiki/Saul_Maslavi) , CEO Abraham Maslavi [ wd (https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111526489) ] , CFO Nazy Rafaeil (/w/index.php?title=Nazy_Rafaeil&action=edit&redlink=1) , Senior Content Writer, Digital Marketing Julie DuRocher (/w/index.php?title=Julie_DuRocher&action=edit&redlink=1) , Design Director Products clothing (/wiki/Clothing) , textiles (/wiki/Textiles) , dresses (/wiki/Dresses) Website www (https://www.jovani.com) .jovani (https://www.jovani.com) .com (https://www.jovani.com) Jovani Fashion Headquarters Jovani Fashion, Ltd. is a fashion house focusing on the prom (/wiki/Prom) and evening wear (/wiki/Evening_gown) sectors. It was founded in 1983, in New York City. History and operations [ edit ] Jovani Fashion was founded in 1983 by Jacob Maslavi and his sons, Abraham and Saul Maslavi (/wiki/Saul_Maslavi) . [1] (#cite_note-founders-1) The company initially started as a 10-person operation, designing and manufacturing 15 styles of dresses (/wiki/Dresses) for specialty boutiques. In 1996, Jovani brought on American designer Sherri Hill (/wiki/Sherri_Hill) to assist in the expansion of their prom and pageant market. The designer remained with the fashion house for the next twelve years. In 2007, Julie DuRocher was named as the new head designer for Jovani. DuRocher presented a 14-piece Jovani couture collection at a runway show held at the 2012 Brooklyn Fashion Week. [2] (#cite_note-fashion-2) In 2014, Jovani creations were featured at Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week (/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Fashion_Week) in Russia. The 60-piece collection shown helped introduce the brand to the Russian market. [3] (#cite_note-mercedes-3) Today, Jovani Fashion remains family owned and has grown to a 50-person company. Its website says it serves over 2,000 retailers worldwide. [4] (#cite_note-jovani-4) Its retailers include Neiman Marcus (/wiki/Neiman_Marcus) . [5] (#cite_note-neiman-5) The company produces over 1000 new designs annually. Jovani has expanded to include bridal, homecoming, cocktail, evening dress collections and a custom couture line. The Jovani IT Girl Contest represents an effort by Jovani Fashions to connect with its audience and find a representative who resonates with its brand. On February 18, 2016, JVN by Jovani (/w/index.php?title=JVN_by_Jovani&action=edit&redlink=1) , a partner company to Jovani, was launched by Saul Maslavi. Celebrity and editorial appearances [ edit ] In 2024, Jovani Fashion Ltd. partnered with the Miss America competition as the official fashion sponsor. This collaboration involved providing dresses for the opening number of the Miss America and Miss America's Teen delegates. The partnership is noted for aligning with the shared objectives of both organizations to promote empowerment and celebrate talent among young women. The event highlighted the role of fashion in enhancing the participants' confidence and presence on the national stage. [6] (#cite_note-6) Celebrities including Miranda Lambert, [7] (#cite_note-miranda-7) Carrie Underwood (/wiki/Carrie_Underwood) , [8] (#cite_note-underwood-8) Selena Gomez (/wiki/Selena_Gomez) , [9] (#cite_note-selena-9) Ariana Grande (/wiki/Ariana_Grande) , [10] (#cite_note-ariana-10) Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) [11] (#cite_note-taylor-11) and Jewel (/wiki/Jewel_(singer)) , [12] (#cite_note-jewel-12) have all worn Jovani's signature pieces for various red carpet, charity, and social events. In 2014, Jovani dresses worn by country music star Miranda Lambert (/wiki/Miranda_Lambert) were exhibited in The Country Music Hall of Fame in Nashville, Tennessee. [13] (#cite_note-lambert-13) The Jovani collections have had editorial exposure in publications such as WWD [14] (#cite_note-wwd-14) and have also been featured on prime-time television shows such as The Voice. [15] (#cite_note-voice-15) Kim Kardashian (/wiki/Kim_Kardashian) wore a Jovani dress in the January 2012 issue of Glamour magazine. [16] (#cite_note-Kim_Kardashian-16) In 2014, X Factor's Fifth Harmony (/wiki/Fifth_Harmony) was chosen to front the brand's 2014 campaign. The powerhouse group agreed to represent the Jovani 2014 prom line. They also participated in a contest in which the group performed at the winner's prom. [17] (#cite_note-fifth-17) In April 2015, Persian singer Googoosh (/wiki/Googoosh) wore a Jovani evening dress during her concert in Montreal Canada. [18] (#cite_note-googoosh-18) Singer Ciara (/wiki/Ciara) wore a couture Jovani gown for her appearance at the Vanity Fair Oscar Party in 2017. [19] (#cite_note-Ciara-19) On June 13, 2019, Real Housewife of New York, Luann De Lesseps, released a music track "Feelin' Jovani". [20] (#cite_note-20) Charity [ edit ] In 2013, Jovani partnered with the non-profit organisation Operation PROM [21] (#cite_note-operation-21) to provide prom dresses to underprivileged high school students. Jovani also makes in kind donations to the Society of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (/wiki/Memorial_Sloan_Kettering_Cancer_Center) , which are used at the annual Pediatric Prom. [22] (#cite_note-pediatric-22) In 2017, Jovani donated enough prom dresses for every high school girl to choose her own prom dress in the Yonkers school district in NY. [23] (#cite_note-donation-23) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-founders_1-0) Jovani Fashion to Make Entry at Brooklyn Fashion Week (http://www.beautyworldnews.com/articles/2145/20120914/jovani-brooklyn-fashion-week-ny-fashion-week.htm) , Beauty World News, September 14, 2012, ^ (#cite_ref-fashion_2-0) Julie DuRocher steals the show at Brooklyn Fashion Week (http://btetv.wordpress.com/2012/10/08/julie-durocher-steals-the-show-at-brooklyn-fashion-week/) , Fashion Avenue News Magazine, October 8, 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-mercedes_3-0) JOVANI Fashion House new line - Modern dresses by MASLAVI (http://mercedesbenzfashionweek.ru/en/post/novaya_liniya_jovani___modern_dresses_by_maslavi) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20141107043555/http://mercedesbenzfashionweek.ru/en/post/novaya_liniya_jovani___modern_dresses_by_maslavi) 2014-11-07 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , Mercedes Benz Fashion Week Russia. ^ (#cite_ref-jovani_4-0) About Us (http://www.jovani.com/jovani-about-us) , Jovani.com ^ (#cite_ref-neiman_5-0) Neiman Marcus.com (http://www.neimanmarcus.com/NM/Jovani-NM-Store-Redirect/cat44710761_cat8900735/c.cat?navid=redirect:jovanistorepg) , retrieved August 13, 2014 ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Celebrating our Official Fashion Partner – JOVANI Ltd" (https://www.missamerica.org/jovanipartnership/) . Retrieved 2024-02-04 . ^ (#cite_ref-miranda_7-0) Davis, Jennifer "The Voice: Is Danielle Bradbery's Fashion Inspiration Miranda Lambert?" (http://news.instyle.com/2013/06/18/danielle-bradbury-miranda-lambert-jovani/) , Instyle.com, Published June 18, 2013 ^ (#cite_ref-underwood_8-0) Chan, Jennifer "Carrie Underwood's 12 CMA Awards Dresses: See Host's Best Costume Changes" (http://www.eonline.com/news/359759/carrie-underwood-s-12-cma-awards-dresses-see-host-s-best-costume-changes) , EOnline.com, Published November 2, 2012 ^ (#cite_ref-selena_9-0) Selena Gomez and Jovani (http://coolspotters.com/actresses/selena-gomez/and/brands/jovani/media/259687#medium-259687) , Coolspotters ^ (#cite_ref-ariana_10-0) Jovani 72719 Dress (http://www.starstyle.com/jovani-dress-sp150961/) ^ (#cite_ref-taylor_11-0) Look of the Day (http://www.instyle.com/instyle/look-of-the-day/designer/0,,jovani_20716356,00.html) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20141107043300/http://www.instyle.com/instyle/look-of-the-day/designer/0,,jovani_20716356,00.html) 2014-11-07 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , InStyle.com ^ (#cite_ref-jewel_12-0) Jewel In Jovani – American Country Awards 2013 (http://www.redcarpet-fashionawards.com/2013/12/11/jewel-jovani-american-country-awards-2013/) , Red Carpet Fashion Awards. November 12, 2013 ^ (#cite_ref-lambert_13-0) Miranda Lambert: Backstage Access to Open May 16 (http://countrymusichalloffame.org/newsandupdates/posts/miranda-lambert-backstage-access-to-open-may-16#.VFvt5MngfC9) , Country Music Hall of Fame News and Updates, April 23, 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-wwd_14-0) Sardone, Antonia "Holiday 2013 Trend: Frock On" (http://www.wwd.com/fashion-news/trends/fall-2013-trend-frock-on-6948198) , WWD, Published May 23, 2013 ^ (#cite_ref-voice_15-0) NBC's The Voice, Season 5 (Tessanne Chin and Jacquie Lee) December 17, 2013; Season 6 (Christina Grimmie) May 19, 2014 ^ (#cite_ref-Kim_Kardashian_16-0) "Khloé, Kourtney and Kim Kardashian's Glamour Magazine Cover-Shoot Photo Gallery" (https://www.glamour.com/gallery/khloe-kourtney-and-kim-kardashians-glamour-magazine-cover-shoot-photo-gallery#2) , Glamour, Published January, 2012 ^ (#cite_ref-fifth_17-0) Fifth Harmony are the New Faces of Jovani Prom 2014, Dress Brand Offers Contest to Have Girl Group Perform at YOUR Dance (http://www.fashionnstyle.com/articles/14910/20140103/fifth-harmony-new-faces-jovani-prom-2014-dress-brand-offers-contest-girl-group-perform-dance-video.htm) , Fashion & Style/the Eye, January 3, 2014 ^ (#cite_ref-googoosh_18-0) "Googoosh / گوگوش on Facebook" (https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/facebook/267435669331/10152931225034332) . Facebook (/wiki/Facebook) . Archived from the original (https://www.facebook.com/Googoosh.Officialpage/photos/a.301585229331.146035.267435669331/10152931225034332/?type=1&theater) on 2022-04-27. [ user-generated source ] ^ (#cite_ref-Ciara_19-0) Ciara's Oscars Afterparty Dress Will Immediately Remind You of Beyoncé (https://www.popsugar.com/fashion/Ciara-Jovani-Couture-Oscars-Afterparty-Dress-2017-43235907) , Popsugar, February 28, 2017 ^ (#cite_ref-20) "RHONY's Luann de Lesseps Releases Glamorous Music Video for New Song 'Feelin' Jovani' (https://people.com/tv/luann-de-lesseps-feelin-jovani-music-video/) " (https://people.com/tv/luann-de-lesseps-feelin-jovani-music-video/) . people.com . 13 June 2019 . Retrieved June 13, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-operation_21-0) Operation Prom (http://operationprom.org/) , Retrieved August 13, 2014 ^ (#cite_ref-pediatric_22-0) Corporate Giving (http://mskcc.convio.net/site/PageServer?pagename=soc_support_corporate_giving) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140808104319/http://mskcc.convio.net/site/PageServer?pagename=soc_support_corporate_giving) 2014-08-08 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) , The Society of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center web site. ^ (#cite_ref-donation_23-0) Jovani Makes Prom Dreams Come True for 2018 (https://www.jovani.com/blog/prom-dresses/jovani-donates-prom-dresses-2018-prom-dreams-true/) , Retrieved December 22, 2017 External links [ edit ] Jovani Profile on Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Russia (https://archive.today/20141112201725/http://mercedesbenzfashionweek.ru/en/designers/196) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6bf4868c9d‐fvm9q Cached time: 20240709101817 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.224 seconds Real time usage: 0.319 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1491/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 16793/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1755/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 23378/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.126/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4328358/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 267.966 1 -total 50.26% 134.667 1 Template:Infobox_company 47.10% 126.208 1 Template:Infobox 28.79% 77.149 3 Template:Cite_web 13.17% 35.296 1 Template:User-generated_source 11.66% 31.246 1 Template:Fix 8.40% 22.500 2 Template:Iwl 7.54% 20.209 1 Template:Category_handler 5.66% 15.174 2 Template:Wikidata 4.40% 11.799 1 Template:Ublist Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:44324241-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709101817 and revision id 1205632850. 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Silesian folk costume Female Cieszyn folk costume with featured elements (2nd Primary School in Ustroń (/wiki/Ustro%C5%84) Women in Cieszynian folk costumes Cieszyn folk costume , also known as Valachian, is a Silesian (/wiki/Silesia) folk costume, which used to be worn within majority of the area of Cieszyn Silesia (/wiki/Cieszyn_Silesia) , but mostly by Cieszyn Vlachs (/wiki/Cieszyn_Vlachs) . Taking into consideration ornamentation, cutting and materials, it can be observed that it is a replica of historical costumes of the Renaissance (/wiki/Renaissance) . [1] (#cite_note-1) The male folk costume was worn only to the late 19th century, whereas the female folk costume was more popular and spread in the vicinity of the Wisła (/wiki/Wis%C5%82a) , Istebna (/wiki/Istebna) and Koniaków (/wiki/Koniak%C3%B3w) . Previously in this area the costumes of Silesian Gorals (/wiki/Gorals) prevailed. Female folk costumes in Cieszyn were subjected to many changes, especially in respect to ornamentations and better quality of materials. Due to its richness and elegance the costume quickly became a target of artists and specialists in folk culture. Cieszyn folk costumes at the beginning of the 20th century [ edit ] A significant change concerning sets of garments, cutting and materials can be observed in the second half of the 19th century. Moreover, the process of modernization intensified after the first World War. Since that time Cieszyn folk costumes have never come to their traditional form again. Men constituted the social group which was most prone to change and they first ceased to wear traditional costumes. It may be due to the fact that majority of men migrated to industrial cities for economic reasons. A clash of different cultures resulted in greater standardization. Tastes have changed and new materials were introduced to modify traditional cuttings. Kabotek is the conspicuous example of this process. The cutting of this short waist shift was simplified. What is more, handmade ornaments were replaced by machine embroidery and laces. Leather and silver elements in Cieszynian belt were frequently replaced by rubber and beads. [2] (#cite_note-2) Woman in Cieszynian folk costume 1917 Female folk costume [ edit ] The female folk costume featured the lush and elegance, due to its essential element, silver jewellery. In the 18th and 19th century, women in Cieszyn wore splendorous clothes which consisted of a lace cap, covered with headgear, a short shirt ( kabotek ), redbreas, [ check spelling ] padded corset ( żywotek ), sewn at the waist, apron, white stockings and black shoes. It was not until a century later that the jewellery previously worn by the nobility and the bourgeoisie was adapted as the traditional costume by the population of small towns and villages. Elements of the female folk costume [ edit ] Kabotek - a short waist shift with puffed, elbowlength sleeves. Wedding version of the shirt has long sleeves. Trimming of a thin collar, named lemiec, was embroidered a half cross stitch in black or brown. Later, satin stitch embroidery was introduced. Gradually, in the 20th century a half cross stitch was entirely supplanted by white satin stitch embroidery and broderie anglaise. [3] (#cite_note-3) Floral patterns became dominant. Żywotek - embroidered with silver or golden thread, stiffen kind of a corset with braces. The front part of żywotek, przedniczki, is widely cut in the shape of a rectangle. The back part of żywotek , oplecek , forms a characteristic triangle, called szczytek . The item of clothing is velvet and usually black or claret. Most frequently a golden thread is used for red velvet while silver thread is used for black velvet embroidery. However, it is not a strict rule. [4] (#cite_note-4) The cutting of żywotek has undergone many changes. The most remarkable one is an extension of the embroidered surface. Also decorative patterns were modified. Three bouquets, two flowers, and garlands became the most common ones. [5] (#cite_note-5) For embroidery metal threads were used, however, poorer women used silk threads. With time, silk floss gained popularity. [6] (#cite_note-6) Żywotek is decorated also with sequins, pearls and bead, so that they form a colourful mosaic. The item of clothing is stiffen with cardboard and lined lining. Dress - a dark colour wollen skirt, a sewed corset, and żywotek. Skirts were sewn with 6-8 meters of fabric panels and were 5-6 m wide. Zapaska - long, tied at the waist apron. Apron – more often linen than damask, consisted of two: front and back aprons, which replaced skirt. Slip Bonnet cap , named czepiec - consisting of a reticulated top and very decorative crocheted cap, named czółko. At first, czółko was to adhere as closely as possible to the head, later it became wider. Czółka were embroidered in small motifs, stars or dots. Czepiec is tied at the back and covered with usually linen cloth (chusta czepinowa). Currently, more common are silk cherry-gold or dark brown silk clothes, with a floral motif. Czepiec, was handmade, and his appearance differed depending on age and wealth of the owner. Loincloth - a patterned gibbon, tied in a bow at the waist. Its scarves often reached the end of the dress. Jewellery [ edit ] Similarly to Cieszynian folk costume, jewellery is a replica of ornaments from times of the Renaissance and the Reformation. Because of its being a trade rout and having fertile soil, Cieszyn was rather a rich city. Fashion was being modified in accordance to European markets thanks to trips of the last descendants of the Piast dynasty in Cieszyn on the turn of the 16th and 17th century. Cieszyn was the biggest centre of jewellery trade in the region. Ornaments were made of silver, gold, and some alloys. Metalwork techniques were filigree (/wiki/Filigree) and casting (/wiki/Casting) . Male costumes were decorated only with metal buttons ( knefle ). [7] (#cite_note-7) A set of jewellery of a wealthy woman consisted of a collar stud, orpant , hoczki and belt. [8] (#cite_note-8) Collar stud - used to fasten a collar of kabotek. The studs were of round or heart shape. Orpant - a piece of jewellery consisting of four chains which fall into semicircle. They were attached to braces of żywotek. Hoczki - metal items with small holes, which enable żywotek to be laced up. The wealthier woman, the more hoczki she had installed in her żywotek Belt - usually silver, most valuable item of jewellery. Its production required the greatest precision. Originally the belts consisted of small, profusely decorated silver plates, which were joined by a chain. In latter versions the technique of filigree was used. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Barbara Bazielich. Śląskie Stroje Ludowe . Katowice: Wydawnictwo Śląsk, 1988, p. 34 ^ (#cite_ref-2) Barbara Bazielich. Śląskie Stroje Ludowe . Katowice: Wydawnictwo Śląsk, 1988, p. 37 ^ (#cite_ref-3) Barbara Bazielich. Śląskie Stroje Ludowe . Katowice: Wydawnictwo Śląsk, 1988, p. 84 ^ (#cite_ref-4) Elżbieta Piskorz- Branekova. Polskie Hafty i Koronki . Warszawa: Wydawnictwo MUZA SA, 2009, p. 249 ^ (#cite_ref-5) Barbara Bazielich. Śląskie Stroje Ludowe . Katowice: Wydawnictwo Śląsk, 1988, p. 84 ^ (#cite_ref-6) Elżbieta Piskorz- Branekova. Polskie Hafty i Koronki . Warszawa: Wydawnictwo MUZA SA, 2009, p. 250 ^ (#cite_ref-7) Elżbieta Piskorz- Branekova. Biżuteria Ludowa w Polsce. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo MUZA SA, 2008, p. 194 ^ (#cite_ref-8) Elżbieta Piskorz- Branekova. Polskie Stroje Ludowe , Vol. I. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo MUZA SA, 2009, pp. 172-173 Bibliography [ edit ] B. Bazielich, Śląskie Stroje Ludowe . Katowice 1988 M. Michalczyk, Hoczki, knefle, orpanty... Biżuteria cieszyńska w zbiorach Muzeum Śląskiego . Katowice 2007 E. Piskorz- Branekova, Biżuteria Ludowa w Polsce . Warszawa 2008 E. Piskorz- Branekova, Polskie Hafty i Koronki . Warszawa 2009 E. Piskorz- Branekova, Polskie Stroje Ludowe . Warszawa 2009 External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Category:Folk costumes of Cieszyn Silesia . Cieszyn folk costumes (http://www.cieszyn.pl/?p=categoriesShow&iCategory=414) (in English) http://muzeumcieszyn.pl/index.php (http://muzeumcieszyn.pl/index.php) (in Polish) http://www.muzeum.bytom.pl/ (http://www.muzeum.bytom.pl/) (in Polish) http://www.muzeumslaskie.pl/ (http://www.muzeumslaskie.pl/) (in Polish) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐5795bc6b8c‐wmdl6 Cached time: 20240721070137 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.325 seconds Real time usage: 0.861 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 630/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 7575/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1168/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 4751/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.200/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 13210572/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 376.739 1 -total 40.42% 152.272 4 Template:Lang 26.50% 99.848 1 Template:Short_description 14.92% 56.201 2 Template:Pagetype 12.98% 48.894 1 Template:Typo_help_inline 11.40% 42.953 1 Template:Fix 10.28% 38.746 1 Template:Commons 9.65% 36.373 1 Template:Sister_project 9.03% 34.008 1 Template:Side_box 7.57% 28.526 2 Template:Category_handler Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:34557870-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721070137 and revision id 1212045207. 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Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Panama portal (/wiki/Portal:Panama) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐5bcbm Cached time: 20240713140610 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.070 seconds Real time usage: 0.097 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 21/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1496/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 3/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1041/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.041/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 726178/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 76.562 1 Template:Portal 100.00% 76.562 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:42345536-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713140610 and revision id 921935950. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Panamanian fashion designers" This category contains only the following page. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . V Federico Visuetti (/wiki/Federico_Visuetti) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Panamanian_fashion_designers&oldid=921935950 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Panamanian_fashion_designers&oldid=921935950) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Fashion designers by nationality (/wiki/Category:Fashion_designers_by_nationality) Panamanian artists (/wiki/Category:Panamanian_artists)
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For other people named Mattli, see Mattli (surname) (/wiki/Mattli_(surname)) . Mattli Born Gustav Joseph Mattli 14 June 1904 Seelisberg (/wiki/Seelisberg) , Switzerland Died 9 February 1982 Curridge (/wiki/Curridge) , Berkshire (/wiki/Berkshire) , England Other names Jo Mattli Occupation Fashion designer Organization Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers (/wiki/Incorporated_Society_of_London_Fashion_Designers) [1] (#cite_note-1950s_Baker-1) Giuseppe Mattli (1907–1982), usually known as Mattli or Jo Mattli , was a Swiss-born and London-based fashion designer known for his couture designs and, later, his ready-to-wear clothing and couture patterns. A member of the Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers (/wiki/Incorporated_Society_of_London_Fashion_Designers) (IncSoc) – making him a key player in shaping London's post- war (/wiki/World_War_II) couture industry – he was characterised by British Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(British_magazine)) in March 1953 as a go-to designer women could trust: "Mattli's clothes have charming wearable qualities...One feels he cares more about dressing women than putting over fashion themes, good though his are." [2] (#cite_note-Oxford_DNB_Qunton-2) Early life and career [ edit ] Giuseppe Gustavo Mattli was born in Locarno, Switzerland and grew up in the Italian-speaking southern city of Lugano (/wiki/Lugano) as one of a family of 14 children (12 of them were girls). [2] (#cite_note-Oxford_DNB_Qunton-2) Mattli's career began as an apprentice to an oil company in Switzerland, but he moved to England in 1926 to learn English and acquire tailoring skills. He continued his training in Paris, working at the fashion house of Premet (/w/index.php?title=Premet&action=edit&redlink=1) , returning to London to open his own couture house in 1934. [2] (#cite_note-Oxford_DNB_Qunton-2) Within four years he was showing in Paris, but the outbreak of war (/wiki/World_War_II) meant a return to London. [2] (#cite_note-Oxford_DNB_Qunton-2) Mattli's first wife Olga, whom he married sometime before 1934, was one of his models and also designed hats for some of his gowns. [2] (#cite_note-Oxford_DNB_Qunton-2) His French-born second wife Claude, whom he married in 1947, had worked as a model for Ardanse, Desses and Jean Patou (/wiki/Jean_Patou) before moving to London and working for the Free French (/wiki/Free_France) . An article in the Sydney Morning Herald (/wiki/Sydney_Morning_Herald) on the women behind London's top designers, described her as 'director-vendeuse' (head of sales) and occasional model for evening gowns – also noting that the "beautiful" Claude was a keen housewife but Jo Mattli was the chef in their flat in Kensington. [3] (#cite_note-SMH_women-3) Couture house [ edit ] Mattli was among the earliest members of IncSoc and, in common with other major London couturiers, was involved in promoting British fashion designed around utility (/wiki/Utility_clothing) principles during and immediately after the war. [4] (#cite_note-How_Fashion_Works_Waddell-4) Once the strictures of rationing were relaxed, IncSoc set out to promote its role, and that of British couture as a rival to Paris. [1] (#cite_note-1950s_Baker-1) One of Mattli's outfits – an elegant silk cocktail gown – was included in the fashion show sequence in the popular 1949 comedy Maytime in Mayfair (/wiki/Maytime_in_Mayfair) . [5] (#cite_note-BFI_Maytime-5) He shared premises in Knightsbridge (/wiki/Knightsbridge) with fellow IncSoc member Charles Creed (/wiki/Charles_Creed) after the war. [2] (#cite_note-Oxford_DNB_Qunton-2) [4] (#cite_note-How_Fashion_Works_Waddell-4) London couturiers were kept busy creating gowns for debutantes (/wiki/Debutante) and society matrons in the run-up to the 1953 coronation (/wiki/Coronation_of_Elizabeth_II) of Queen Elizabeth (/wiki/Elizabeth_II) . Mattli was among the so-called "big ten" designers photographed for lavish features in Life (/wiki/Life_(magazine)) . [6] (#cite_note-Life_Greene-6) As Vogue highlighted, Mattli was perhaps more at home creating practical and wearable fashion focusing on understated fine detailing. [2] (#cite_note-Oxford_DNB_Qunton-2) His autumn 1952 collection – singled out by one fashion commentator as one of the best of the season – included traditional Donegal tweed (/wiki/Donegal_tweed) coats and slimline afternoon and cocktail dresses in bouclé (/wiki/Boucl%C3%A9) wool, silk jersey and lace. [7] (#cite_note-Glasgow_Herald_Mattli-7) Ready-to-wear fashion [ edit ] In 1955, the company Mattli worked with went into liquidation, signalling his move away from couture and into ready-to-wear clothing. [2] (#cite_note-Oxford_DNB_Qunton-2) Unlike many of the other IncSoc members, Mattli's name remained familiar throughout the 1960s and early '70s, not only on ready-to-wear clothing but also the burgeoning sewing pattern (/wiki/Pattern_(sewing)) market – the signature 'Jo Mattli' appeared on many patterns for Vogue' s couturier series and he told The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) that the royalties from these patterns had helped support his couture business. [8] (#cite_note-Guardian_Adburgham-8) He was also an expert contributor to the 1967 BBC (/wiki/BBC) sewing series Clothes that Count , helping to customise a shirtwaister (/wiki/Shirtdress) pattern for a keen sewer who appeared on the programme and also contributing to the Radio Times (/wiki/Radio_Times) features that accompanied the series. [9] (#cite_note-BBC_archive-9) By 1973, Mattli was running a 'Continental boutique' on the premises where his couture house had once stood. Retaining a small number of workroom staff for alterations, he was presenting collections selected from Swiss, Italian and French houses, including designers such as Nina Ricci (/wiki/Nina_Ricci_(brand)) . He described this move into ready-to-wear as meeting the needs of modern women, who wanted fashion immediately that could be changed frequently: "I have come to the conclusion that couture has now outlived its purpose". [8] (#cite_note-Guardian_Adburgham-8) Mattli's name as a London couturier still carried weight and he collaborated with the designer Christopher McDonnell (/wiki/Christopher_McDonnell) in 1980 for an autumn collection – Christopher McDonnell for Mattli. [10] (#cite_note-Observer_Boyd-10) Mattli retired to the village of Curridge (/wiki/Curridge) , Berkshire (/wiki/Berkshire) , where he died in 1982. [2] (#cite_note-Oxford_DNB_Qunton-2) Legacy [ edit ] There are examples of Mattli's work in the Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) and the Fashion Museum, Bath (/wiki/Fashion_Museum,_Bath) has an archive of press books and sketches, as well as a small number of garments. [2] (#cite_note-Oxford_DNB_Qunton-2) [11] (#cite_note-University_of_Glasgow-11) He is the subject of a thesis entitled Famous, Forgotten. Found: rediscovering the career of London couture fashion designer Giuseppe (Jo) Mattli, 1934-1980 by textile conservationist Dr Caroline Ness. [12] (#cite_note-textile_conservation_Ness-12) University of Glasgow (/wiki/University_of_Glasgow) has been working with the Fashion Museum, Bath to create a catalogue and database to provide researchers with access to material about Mattli's 30-year-plus involvement with the British high fashion industry. [11] (#cite_note-University_of_Glasgow-11) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Baker, Patricia (2007). The 1950s: Fashions of a Decade . New York, NY: Chelsea House. pp. 23–25. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780816067213 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Quinton, Rebecca (2004). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (2004 ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press . Retrieved 14 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-SMH_women_3-0) staff (20 January 1952). "Women behind 'big ten' London designers" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1301&dat=19520120&id=1KITAAAAIBAJ&pg=7259,2341354) . Sydney Morning Herald . Retrieved 13 August 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b Waddell, Gavin (2004). How Fashion Works: Couture, Ready-to-Wear and Mass Production . Oxford: Blackwell Science. pp. 175–7. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780632057528 . ^ (#cite_ref-BFI_Maytime_5-0) "Maytime in Mayfair (1949)" (http://www.screenonline.org.uk/film/id/516661/credits.html) . screenonline.org.uk . British Film Institute . Retrieved 10 August 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Life_Greene_6-0) Greene, Milton; staff writer (30 March 1953). "Britain dresses up for the Queen" (https://books.google.com/books?id=CUIEAAAAMBAJ&q=Peter+Russell+Fashion+Designer+%2B+hunting&pg=PA118) . Life . ^ (#cite_ref-Glasgow_Herald_Mattli_7-0) staff (31 July 1952). " (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2507&dat=19520731&id=11tAAAAAIBAJ&pg=3606,2707163) "Big eleven" designers' fashion show over" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2507&dat=19520731&id=11tAAAAAIBAJ&pg=3606,2707163) . Glasgow Herald . Retrieved 21 August 2014 . ^ Jump up to: a b Adburgham, Alison (23 January 1973). "Giving couture the boutique". The Guardian . ^ (#cite_ref-BBC_archive_9-0) "Archive: Jo Mattli" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/archive/people/56/35.shtml) . bbc.co.uk . BBC . Retrieved 14 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Observer_Boyd_10-0) Boyd, Ann (10 August 1980). "Past the fall". The Observer. ^ Jump up to: a b "Dress & Textiles Case Study: Jo Mattli and his contribution to the British fashion and textile industry" (http://www.gla.ac.uk/colleges/arts/knowledge-exchange/themes/dressandtextiles/mattli/) . gla.ac.uk . University of Glasgow . Retrieved 14 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-textile_conservation_Ness_12-0) Ness, Caroline. "Finding Jo Mattli: the forgotten couturier" (http://textileconservation.academicblogs.co.uk/finding-jo-mattli-the-forgotten-couturier/) . textileconservation.academicblogs.co.uk . Retrieved 14 September 2014 . External links [ edit ] Clothes that Count, featuring Mattli (https://www.bbc.co.uk/archive/whatwewore/5601.shtml) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐ffb54cd48‐p2rfg Cached time: 20240716174255 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.422 seconds Real time usage: 0.523 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1953/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 21847/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 839/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 48571/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.237/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6412134/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 464.134 1 -total 43.17% 200.360 1 Template:Reflist 33.51% 155.512 1 Template:Infobox_person 25.20% 116.968 3 Template:Cite_book 14.86% 68.959 1 Template:About 6.61% 30.694 1 Template:Wikidata_image 6.13% 28.457 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text 5.78% 26.821 5 Template:Cite_news 5.19% 24.099 1 Template:Authority_control 5.05% 23.459 14 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:43829353-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716174255 and revision id 1184265650. 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This is a List of German fashion designers . A [ edit ] Torsten Amft (/wiki/Torsten_Amft) Iris von Arnim (/wiki/Iris_von_Arnim) B [ edit ] Barbara Becker (/wiki/Barbara_Becker) Gunda Beeg (/wiki/Gunda_Beeg) Maria Bogner (/wiki/Maria_Bogner) Willy Bogner Jr. (/wiki/Willy_Bogner_Jr.) Willy Bogner Sr. (/wiki/Willy_Bogner_Sr.) Hugo Boss (/wiki/Hugo_Boss_(fashion_designer)) C [ edit ] Gregor Clemens (/wiki/Gregor_Clemens) E [ edit ] Barbara Engel (/wiki/Barbara_Engel) Susanne Erichsen (/wiki/Susanne_Erichsen) Escada (/wiki/Escada) F [ edit ] Prince Egon von Fürstenberg (/wiki/Prince_Egon_von_F%C3%BCrstenberg) G [ edit ] Robert Geller (/wiki/Robert_Geller) Eva Gronbach (/wiki/Eva_Gronbach) H [ edit ] Otto Ludwig Haas-Heye (/wiki/Otto_Ludwig_Haas-Heye) Uli Herzner (/wiki/Uli_Herzner) Mafalda von Hessen (/wiki/Mafalda_von_Hessen) Claudia Hill (/wiki/Claudia_Hill) Wolfgang Joop (/wiki/Wolfgang_Joop) K [ edit ] Heidi Klum (/wiki/Heidi_Klum) Guido Maria Kretschmer (/wiki/Guido_Maria_Kretschmer) L [ edit ] Karl Lagerfeld (/wiki/Karl_Lagerfeld) Frank Leder (/wiki/Frank_Leder) Sonja de Lennart (/wiki/Sonja_de_Lennart) Gina-Lisa Lohfink (/wiki/Gina-Lisa_Lohfink) Papis Loveday (/wiki/Papis_Loveday) Otto Lucas (/wiki/Otto_Lucas) M [ edit ] Tomas Maier (/wiki/Tomas_Maier) Michael Michalsky (/wiki/Michael_Michalsky) Rudolph Moshammer (/wiki/Rudolph_Moshammer) Anna Muthesius (/wiki/Anna_Muthesius) O [ edit ] Heinz Oestergaard (/wiki/Heinz_Oestergaard) P [ edit ] Philipp Plein (/wiki/Philipp_Plein) R [ edit ] Christian Roth (/wiki/Christian_Roth) S [ edit ] Boris Bidjan Saberi (/wiki/Boris_Bidjan_Saberi) Donaldson Sackey (/wiki/Donaldson_Sackey) Jil Sander (/wiki/Jil_Sander) Alex Stenzel (/wiki/Alex_Stenzel) T [ edit ] Thea Tewi (/wiki/Thea_Tewi) W [ edit ] John Weitz (/wiki/John_Weitz) Bernhard Willhelm (/wiki/Bernhard_Willhelm) Tilmann Wröbel (/wiki/Tilmann_Wr%C3%B6bel) Noah Wunsch (/wiki/Noah_Wunsch) Gerhard Weber (/wiki/Gerhard_Weber_(designer)) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐dc899b7cc‐sjbbs Cached time: 20240721024146 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.069 seconds Real time usage: 0.330 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 223/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 826/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 188/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.029/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1010744/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 193.551 1 Template:Short_description 100.00% 193.551 1 -total 80.72% 156.234 2 Template:Pagetype 12.36% 23.922 2 Template:Main_other 11.24% 21.753 1 Template:SDcat 1.52% 2.949 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:57104009-0!canonical and timestamp 20240721024146 and revision id 1225371292. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_German_fashion_designers&oldid=1225371292 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_German_fashion_designers&oldid=1225371292) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : German fashion designers (/wiki/Category:German_fashion_designers) Lists of German people by occupation (/wiki/Category:Lists_of_German_people_by_occupation) Fashion-related lists (/wiki/Category:Fashion-related_lists) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata)
NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7cd59cdcfb‐nbd95 Cached time: 20240718070115 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.001 seconds Real time usage: 0.002 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 1/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:1504484-0!canonical and timestamp 20240718070115 and revision id 1132698993. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total. I Images of textiles (/wiki/Category:Images_of_textiles) ‎ (35 F) S Sports uniforms (/wiki/Category:Sports_uniforms) ‎ (6 C, 12 P, 631 F) Media in category "Images of clothing" The following 4 files are in this category, out of 4 total. Hulsenbeck-detail.jpg (/wiki/File:Hulsenbeck-detail.jpg) 405 × 859; 358 KB Mieris Frans Duet Detail.jpg (/wiki/File:Mieris_Frans_Duet_Detail.jpg) 375 × 503; 204 KB Tube skirt (sarong), with 'patchwork' (tambal-tambalan) motif - Google Art Project.jpg (/wiki/File:Tube_skirt_(sarong),_with_%27patchwork%27_(tambal-tambalan)_motif_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg) 3,720 × 3,980; 7.65 MB Woman's ceremonial skirt (lau hada) - Google Art Project.jpg (/wiki/File:Woman%27s_ceremonial_skirt_(lau_hada)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg) 6,461 × 4,001; 7.22 MB esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Images_of_clothing&oldid=1132698993 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Images_of_clothing&oldid=1132698993) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Wikipedia images by subject (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_images_by_subject) Clothing (/wiki/Category:Clothing)
Joker's Closet Company type Private (/wiki/Privately_held_company) Genre Ecommerce Founded 2013 ; 11 years ago ( 2013 ) Headquarters Toronto (/wiki/Toronto) , Ontario (/wiki/Ontario) , Canada Area served Worldwide Key people Ashley Ebner, founder, president & CEO Products Shoes Joker's Closet is an online shoe retailing company in Toronto (/wiki/Toronto) , Canada. Customers can choose the colors they want for its ready-made designs. [1] (#cite_note-kelly-1) [2] (#cite_note-WWD-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-La_Presse-5) Description [ edit ] Joker's Closet was launched in April 2013 by Toronto designer Ashley Ebner, who studied design at the London College of Fashion (/wiki/London_College_of_Fashion) . [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) The brand was named after the Joker (/wiki/Joker_(playing_card)) playing card, which allows multiple possibilities. [8] (#cite_note-8) Customers can make their own choice of colors for the designs on the website. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) The shoes are made and delivered [12] (#cite_note-12) in three to four weeks. [1] (#cite_note-kelly-1) Joker’s Closet showed in collaboration with Korean designer Lie Sang Bong (/wiki/Lie_Sang_Bong) at Paris Fashion Week (/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week) in October 2013, [13] (#cite_note-13) at New York Fashion Week on 12 February 2014, [14] (#cite_note-14) and at Seoul Fashion Week. [15] (#cite_note-15) In June 2014 Joker's Closet became an official shoe designer for Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) 's On the Run Tour (Beyoncé and Jay-Z) (/wiki/On_the_Run_Tour_(Beyonc%C3%A9_and_Jay-Z)) . [16] (#cite_note-16) In February 2015 Joker's Closet became shortlisted by WGSN The Global Fashion Awards for Best E-Shop. [17] (#cite_note-17) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b KELLY, DEIRDRE (14 May 2013). "Ashley Ebner gives shoe customers their say" (https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/the-catalysts/ashley-ebner-gives-shoe-customers-their-say/article11919964/) . Globe and Mail . Retrieved 14 May 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-WWD_2-0) LEWIS, JACQUELYN. "3 Questions for Ashley Ebner of Joker's Closet" (http://www.wwd.com/footwear-news/markets/3-questions-for-ashley-ebner-of-jokers-closet-7202577) . FN . WWD . Retrieved 25 May 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Designer Interview: Ashley Ebner, Founder & CEO of Joker's Closet Inc" (http://www.thesoulsofmyshoes.com/2013/11/11/designer-interview-ashley-ebner-founder-ceo-of-jokers-closet-inc/) . Souls of My Shoes . Retrieved 25 May 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Musharbash, Kamal (17 December 2013). "Sole Sister" (http://issuu.com/herringbonemagazine/docs/herringbone_issue_1) . Herringbone Magazine. pp. 38–39 . Retrieved 18 February 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-La_Presse_5-0) Nicoud, Anabelle. "Faces of Toronto Fashion" (http://plus.lapresse.ca/screens/4e20-33b4-53611638-994d-4b3eac1c606a%7C0yxT3atWhN3u.html) . Retrieved 23 May 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Joker's Closet Launches" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140505183744/http://www.fashionmonitor.com/News/rK6/Joker-s-Closet-opens-for-business) . Fashion Monitor. Archived from the original (http://www.fashionmonitor.com/News/rK6/Joker-s-Closet-opens-for-business) on 5 May 2014 . Retrieved 24 April 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Flora, González (25 June 2013). "Joker's Closet, Shoes 'Do It Yourself' (http://www.vogue.es/moda/tendencias/articulos/entrevista-a-ashley-ebner-creadora-de-la-firma-de-zapatos-customizables-jokers-closet/17998) " (http://www.vogue.es/moda/tendencias/articulos/entrevista-a-ashley-ebner-creadora-de-la-firma-de-zapatos-customizables-jokers-closet/17998) . Vogue Spain . Retrieved 18 February 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Gertner, Kate. "#FollowFriday @JokersCloset" (http://en.louloumagazine.com/ll-blog/editors-blog-blogs/designer-blogs/followfriday-jokerscloset/) . Lou Lou Magazine . Retrieved 26 July 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Goffe, Wendy S. "Made-To-Order Fashion Goes Mainstream" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/deborahljacobs/2013/07/01/made-to-order-fashion-goes-mainstream/) . Forbes . Retrieved 1 June 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Marissa, Stempien. "Talking Style and Customizable Shoes With Joker's Closet Founder Ashley Ebner" (http://www.justluxe.com/fine-living/fashion/feature-1950492.php) . Just Luxe . Retrieved 7 Oct 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Vogue.In (20 June 2013). "Where Buy Chikankari Ballerina Flats" (http://www.vogue.in/content/where-buy-chikankari-ballerina-flats) . Vogue IN . Retrieved 20 June 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Moerland, Moniek (28 May 2013). "SELFRIDGES' DENIM STUDIO, JOKER'S CLOSET & MORE" (http://www.elle.nl/mode/nieuws/Selfridges-Denim-Studio-Joker-s-Closet-meer) . Elle Netherlands . Retrieved 28 May 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Jacquelyn, Lewis. "3 Questions for Ashley Ebner of Joker's Closet" (http://www.wwd.com/footwear-news/markets/3-questions-for-ashley-ebner-of-jokers-closet-7202577?src=) . WWD . Retrieved 1 Oct 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Lie Sang Bong RTW Fall 2014" (http://www.wwd.com/runway/fall-ready-to-wear-2014/review/lie-sang-bong) . WWD. 12 February 2014 . Retrieved 12 February 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Style Updates" (http://frontrowmag.com/fashion-news-september-6th/) . Front Row Mag . Retrieved 6 September 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Entertainment, Parkwood. On The Run Tour Official Program . Printed in the US: Parkwood Entertainment & S. Carter Enterprises Under Licence to Global Merchandising Services. p. 49. ^ (#cite_ref-17) Bowe, Harriet. "The Industry London" (http://www.theindustrylondon.com/wgsn-global-fashion-awards-2015-shortlist/) . Retrieved 5 March 2015 . 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joker%27s_Closet&oldid=1197821161 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joker%27s_Closet&oldid=1197821161) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Shoe designers (/wiki/Category:Shoe_designers) Canadian fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Canadian_fashion_designers) Online retailers of Canada (/wiki/Category:Online_retailers_of_Canada) Canadian companies established in 2013 (/wiki/Category:Canadian_companies_established_in_2013) 2013 establishments in Ontario (/wiki/Category:2013_establishments_in_Ontario)
London and Los Angeles-based global fashion industry platform Not Just A Label (NJAL) Industry Fashion Founded 2008 ( 2008 ) Founder Stefan Siegel Headquarters Los Angeles , United States Area served Worldwide Owner Stefan Siegel (/wiki/Stefan_Siegel) Website www (http://www.notjustalabel.com) .notjustalabel (http://www.notjustalabel.com) .com (http://www.notjustalabel.com) Not Just A Label ( NJAL ) is a London and Los Angeles–based global fashion industry platform, virtual showroom, and online community that connects independent designers with consumers. [1] (#cite_note-thenextweb-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Representing more than 35,000 designers from over 150 countries, NJALhas launched the careers of designers such as Mary Katrantzou (/wiki/Mary_Katrantzou) and Damir Doma (/wiki/Damir_Doma) [3] (#cite_note-nytimes-3) and has support from celebrities such as Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) , Vivienne Westwood (/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood) and Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) . [4] (#cite_note-graziadaily-4) In February 2019, NJAL launched a premium designer service, NJAL+, a program that enables shoppable capabilities and provide additional tools. [5] (#cite_note-Theodosi-5) History [ edit ] Stefan Siegel (/wiki/Stefan_Siegel) and his brother Daniel founded NJAL in 2008 to serve as a networking platform for fashion designers. [6] (#cite_note-wonderlandmagazine-6) [7] (#cite_note-whatdesigncando-7) NJAL launched "The Shop" section of their website in 2009, making it the first e-commerce site to allow consumers to buy directly from designers. [8] (#cite_note-monocle-8) Select items in "The Shop" were curated by celebrities including Amanda Lepore (/wiki/Amanda_Lepore) and Lara Stone (/wiki/Lara_Stone) . [4] (#cite_note-graziadaily-4) [9] (#cite_note-9) For the Spring/Summer 2010 season, NJAL released a limited edition offering of organic cotton T-shirts and tank tops featuring signature designs and prints of designers. [1] (#cite_note-thenextweb-1) [10] (#cite_note-10) In 2011, NJAL collaborated with Spanish label Mango (/wiki/Mango_(clothing)) in a competition where young designers presented collections at the 'El Botón' Mango Fashion Awards with NJAL supervising competitors. The same year, the site won the Drapers (/wiki/Drapers_(magazine)) Etail Award for Best E-Commerce innovation. [11] (#cite_note-11) NJAL first collaborated with the British Council (/wiki/British_Council) in 2011 for the "London Meets Beirut" seminar. [12] (#cite_note-12) In March 2012, NJAL received a grant from the British Council to travel to India during Lakmé Fashion Week in order to develop business relationships in the country. [1] (#cite_note-thenextweb-1) [13] (#cite_note-creativeeconomy-13) In 2012, NJAL participated in a three-week tour of Eastern European fashion weeks where the company delivered workshops and scouted talent in Bratislava (/wiki/Bratislava) , Kyiv (/wiki/Kyiv) , Łódź (/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA) , Belgrade (/wiki/Belgrade) and Riga (/wiki/Riga) . The trips were documented through a partnership with Vogue Italia (/wiki/Vogue_Italia) . [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) The same year, online-trend analysis and research service WGSN (/wiki/WGSN) offered NJAL designers services at a 98 percent discount in order to support young talent while expanding the WGSN professional network. [16] (#cite_note-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) NJAL began The Open Source Partnership with Vivienne Westwood (/wiki/Vivienne_Westwood) in 2013. NJAL advised the fashion house on expanding their e-commerce business and creating a new open-source website for Westwood. In turn, Westwood became a major investor in the platform. [18] (#cite_note-dasmagazin-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) [20] (#cite_note-20) NJAL collaborated with the Who's Next fashion trade show in 2013 to create "The Future of Fashion" program where twenty emerging designers competed for the chance to show their designs during the Who's Next Autumn/Winter Paris (/wiki/Paris) trade show. Selected designers showed their collections at the 2014 Who's Next show with Siegel as one of the judges of the competition. [21] (#cite_note-21) In 2014, NJAL partnered with Matteo Marzotto and the Fiera di Vicenza center to hold the company's first offline event called "Origin Passion & Beliefs." 100 NJAL designers participated in order to showcase their wares and network with others in the fashion industry. [22] (#cite_note-22) [23] (#cite_note-23) [24] (#cite_note-24) The same year, NJAL was the only international platform to attend Ukrainian Fashion Week during the political turbulence (/wiki/2014%E2%80%9315_Russian_military_intervention_in_Ukraine) occurring at the time. [25] (#cite_note-mbkiev-25) [26] (#cite_note-26) [27] (#cite_note-27) NJAL curated and managed the launch of the AEG (/wiki/AEG_(German_company)) produced documentary "The Next Black" about the future of textiles. The film was released in conjunction with the release of new high efficiency washing machines (/wiki/Washing_machines) . [28] (#cite_note-ellebelgium-28) At the 2014 Copenhagen Fashion Summit, NJAL presented plans for the "Re-start Fashion" initiative, developed to help designers solve ecological challenges in the fashion industry through sustainable design. [29] (#cite_note-ecofashionworld-29) [30] (#cite_note-copenhagen-30) NJAL relaunched its website in 2014 to improve the user experience on smartphones, tablets, and desktops. [31] (#cite_note-femalefirst-31) While the e-commerce part of the site was established in 2009, the 2014 relaunch made sales the main component of the site. [32] (#cite_note-stylebubble-32) The relaunch also incorporated an open source content management system (/wiki/Content_management_system) into the site which allows designers to edit their own profiles. [31] (#cite_note-femalefirst-31) In 2017, NJAL closed “The Shop” in order to focus on the core components of the community that helped designers gain exposure and network. The next year, NJAL launched a brand new website in conjunction with their ten-year anniversary. [33] (#cite_note-33) In February 2019, NJAL launched their premium designer service called NJAL+. [34] (#cite_note-34) Working with a network of brands across industries, NJAL+ provides designers with exciting shoppable capabilities and tools that include services and products in sales, marketing, manufacturing, education and showcasing. [5] (#cite_note-Theodosi-5) Notable designers and celebrity clients [ edit ] Notable designers who showcased early on with NJAL include Mary Katrantzou (/wiki/Mary_Katrantzou) , Damir Doma (/wiki/Damir_Doma) and Rad Hourani (/wiki/Rad_Hourani) . [3] (#cite_note-nytimes-3) [18] (#cite_note-dasmagazin-18) [25] (#cite_note-mbkiev-25) [35] (#cite_note-35) Celebrities who have purchased items from designers showcased on NJAL include Rihanna (/wiki/Rihanna) , Lady Gaga (/wiki/Lady_Gaga) , Alice Dellal (/wiki/Alice_Dellal) , Pixie Geldof (/wiki/Pixie_Geldof) , Paris Hilton (/wiki/Paris_Hilton) , Taylor Swift (/wiki/Taylor_Swift) , Katie Holmes (/wiki/Katie_Holmes) , Whitney Houston (/wiki/Whitney_Houston) , Fergie (/wiki/Fergie_(singer)) , Elle Mcpherson (/wiki/Elle_Mcpherson) and Beyoncé (/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9) . [4] (#cite_note-graziadaily-4) [7] (#cite_note-whatdesigncando-7) [36] (#cite_note-insidefmm-36) Business model [ edit ] NJAL is a platform for designers, buyers, press and consumers to collaborate with each other independently. [37] (#cite_note-britishcouncil-37) [38] (#cite_note-38) The NJAL platform helps designers to gain exposure in the fashion industry at no cost, promoting a designer's creativity and individuality. Representatives from NJAL visit fashion week events, institutions, showrooms and studios looking for emerging designers with established look-books before providing exposure via editorial coverage and social media. Designers are also able to approach NJAL independently. [6] (#cite_note-wonderlandmagazine-6) [37] (#cite_note-britishcouncil-37) The online community opens up a space for designers to gain exposure and network with their peers. The platform includes a search capability and designer directory indexed alphabetically as well as by country, womenswear, menswear, shoes, bags, accessories, jewellery, organic products, etc. NJAL+ [ edit ] NJAL offers a premium service called NJAL+ that designers can join by paying a small fee. The service provides a shoppable capability and additional tools for services and products in sales, marketing, manufacturing, education and showcasing. NJAL+ links designers with consumers who then go to a designer's own website for purchase. Notable brands that are part of NJAL+ include WWD, UPS. [39] (#cite_note-39) [5] (#cite_note-Theodosi-5) References [ edit ] ^ a b c Boyd Myers, Courtney (5 May 2012). "Behind the design: An interview with Not Just a Label" (https://thenextweb.com/insider/2012/05/05/behind-the-design-an-interview-with-not-just-a-label/) . The Next Web . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Burrell, Ian (12 September 2014). "London Fashion Week: How the internet has helped break the big name monopoly" (https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/news/london-fashion-week-how-the-internet-has-helped-break-the-big-name-monopoly-9729905.html) . The Independent . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ a b Britten, Fleur (19 September 2010). "Taking a Chance on Talent" (https://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/20/fashion/20iht-rcoop.html?_r=0) . The New York Times . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ a b c "NJAL celeb Christmas!" (http://legacy.graziadaily.co.uk/fashion/archive/2009/11/20/njal-celeb-christmas.htm) . Grazia Daily. 20 November 2009 . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ a b c Theodosi, Natalie (2019-02-13). "Not Just a Label Introduces Membership Program" (https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-scoops/not-just-a-label-membership-program-1203019668/) . WWD . Retrieved 2019-04-03 . ^ a b Mahanty, Shannon (23 May 2012). "Not Just a Label" (http://www.wonderlandmagazine.com/2012/05/not-just-a-label-stefan-siegel/) . Wonderland Magazine . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ a b "The Connecting Forces of Design" (http://issuu.com/whatdesigncando/docs/wdcd12_book_web_issuu) . WDCD. 2012 . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-monocle_8-0) "The Entrepreneurs" (http://monocle.com/radio/shows/the-entrepreneurs/) . Monocle . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "London Fashion News: Lara Stone and Matches" (http://www.elle.com/fashion/news/a2636/london-fashion-news-lara-stone-matches-2110/) . Elle. 25 August 2009 . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Not Just a Label: Exclusive Organic Collection" (http://www.thediscerningbrute.com/tag/not-just-a-label/) . The Doscerning Brute. 17 June 2010 . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Reeve, Georgia. "Curated By NJAL". Highs Nobiety. ^ (#cite_ref-12) Davies, Lauren (30 November 2011). "London meets Beirut: Innovation in the design industry" (http://mycake.org/london-meets-beirut-innovation-in-the-design-industry/) . My Cake . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-creativeeconomy_13-0) "Stefan Siegel" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150216031901/http://creativeconomy.britishcouncil.org/people/stefan-siegel/) . British Council. Archived from the original (http://creativeconomy.britishcouncil.org/people/stefan-siegel/) on 16 February 2015 . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Eastern Europe Diary 1" (http://www.vogue.it/en/talents/news/2012/10/eastern-europe-diary-1) . Vogue Italia. 18 October 2012 . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Eastern Europe Diary 2" (http://www.vogue.it/en/talents/news/2012/11/eastern-europe-diary-2) . Vogue Italia. 2 November 2012 . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Bailie, Lauren (24 May 2012). "Not Just A Label Partners With WGSN" (http://www.fashionotes.com/content/2012/05/not-just-a-label-partners-with-wgsn/) . Fashionotes . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Not Just A Label Offers Nearly-Free Trend Service This Month" (http://insidefmm.com/2012/05/not-just-a-label-offers-nearly-free-trend-service-this-month/) . Inside FMM. May 2012 . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ a b "Sechs Jahre Im Leben" (in German). Das Magazin. ^ (#cite_ref-19) Damaggio, Marika. "Alt(r)a Moda". Ci. ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Wir tauschen die Marke durch die Story aus". Form Magazin. ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Who's Next and Not Just A Label launch new program" (https://www.fashionunited.co.uk/fashion-news/design/whos-next-and-not-just-a-label-launch-new-program-2013112819240) . Fashion United. 28 November 2013 . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) Kansara, Vikram Alexei (21 May 2014). "Matteo Marzotto Joins with Not Just a Label to Unite Fashion and Jewellery" (http://www.businessoffashion.com/2014/05/matteo-marzotto-joins-just-label-unite-fashion-jewellery.html) . The Business of Fashion . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) Sanderson, Rachel (26 March 2014). "Matteo Marzotto reveals his plans to revitalise his country's gold industry" (https://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/2/3def5f6e-8f3b-11e3-be85-00144feab7de.html#axzz3QhKbPm5a) . Financial Times . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Origin Passion & Beliefs" (http://www.notjustalabel.com/sites/default/files/pressfiles/167585/vogue_italia_on_origin_notjustalabel_1389358678.pdf) (PDF) . Vogue Italia. 21 April 2014 . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ a b "The Founder of Not Just a Label Will Give A Public Talk In Kiev" (http://mbkievfashiondays.com/en/news/v-kiev-edet-progressivnyiy-london-v-litse-osnovatelya-not-just-a-lable/) . Mercedes-Benz Kiev Fashion Days . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Ukrainian Fashion Week Stands Against War" (http://uacrisis.org/ukrainian-fashion-week-stands-against-war/) . Ukraine Crisis Media Center. 22 March 2014 . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) Mesco, Manuela (20 March 2014). "Couturiers Undeterred by Crisis at Ukraine Fashion Week" (https://blogs.wsj.com/emergingeurope/2014/03/20/couturiers-undeterred-by-crisis-at-ukraine-fashion-week/) . The Wall Street Journal . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-ellebelgium_28-0) "10 choses qui vont revolutionner la mode" (in French). Elle. September 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-ecofashionworld_29-0) Locskai, Nora (8 May 2014). "Copenhagen Fashion Summit: The Anatomy of Sustainable Fashion" (http://www.ecofashionworld.com/Events/Copenhagen-Fashion-Summit-The-Anatomy-of-Sustainable-Fashion.html) . Eco Fashion World . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-copenhagen_30-0) "Restart Fashion - 5 Easy steps by Connie Nielsen, Stefan Siegel and Jonas Eder-Hansen" (http://www.copenhagenfashionsummit.com/video) . Copenhagen Fashion Summit . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ a b Davies, Taryn (31 July 2014). "Not Just A Label launches website for hand-picked luxury fashion" (http://www.femalefirst.co.uk/lifestyle-fashion/stylenews/not-just-a-label-hand-picked-luxury-fashion-511519.html) . Female First . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-stylebubble_32-0) "A New NJAL" (http://www.stylebubble.co.uk/style_bubble/2014/08/a-new-njal.html) . Style Bubble. 1 August 2014 . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "Welcome To The New NJAL" (https://www.notjustalabel.com/editorial/welcome-new-njal) . www.notjustalabel.com . Retrieved 2019-04-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "NJAL Plus" (https://www.notjustalabel.com/njal-plus) . Retrieved 2019-04-03 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) Macpherson, Lindsay (5 April 2011). "Where to spot fashion's next big thing" (http://howtospendit.ft.com/style/4222-where-to-spot-fashions-next-big-thing) . How To Spend It . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-insidefmm_36-0) "Not Just A Label: Supporting Avant-garde Fashion Designers" (http://insidefmm.com/2010/09/not-just-a-label-supporting-avant-garde-fashion-designers/) . Inside FMM . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ a b Lean, Marion (2 November 2014). "Not Just a Label at Skopje" (http://design.britishcouncil.org/blog/2014/nov/02/not-just-label-skopje/) . British Council . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-38) "Will There Ever Be a Revolution?? Not Just a Label, an alternative in fashion retail" (http://www.martinez-ribes.com/en/will-there-be-a-revolution/) . Martinez-Ribes. 9 September 2014 . Retrieved 15 February 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-39) "Introducing NJAL+" (https://www.notjustalabel.com/editorial/introducing-njal) . www.notjustalabel.com . Retrieved 2019-04-03 . 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Israeli model and actress Anat Zamir ענת זמיר Born Anat Zimmerman ( 1962-04-18 ) 18 April 1962 Givatayim (/wiki/Givatayim) , Israel Died 15 December 2018 (2018-12-15) (aged 56) Ramat Gan (/wiki/Ramat_Gan) , Israel Nationality Israeli Occupations Model Actress Children 1 Beauty pageant (/wiki/Beauty_pageant) titleholder Title Miss Israel 1980 (/wiki/Miss_Israel) Major competition(s) Miss Israel 1980 (/wiki/Miss_Israel) (Winner) Miss World 1980 (/wiki/Miss_World_1980) (3rd Runner-up) Anat Zamir ( Hebrew (/wiki/Hebrew_language) : ענת זמיר ‎; 18 April 1962 – 15 December 2018) was an Israeli actress, model and beauty pageant titleholder. She was named Na'arat Israel at the Miss Israel (/wiki/Miss_Israel) contest of 1980 and went on to represent Israel at the Miss World 1980 (/wiki/Miss_World_1980) , contest where she was third runner-up. Zamir modelled for multiple companies and was in the 1990 film Kiss in the IDF and the 1991 film Shevet Choen . Early life [ edit ] She was born Anat Zimmerman ( Hebrew (/wiki/Hebrew_language) : ענת צימרמן ) on 18 April 1962, [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) in Givatayim (/wiki/Givatayim) , Israel (/wiki/Israel) [2] (#cite_note-HaarivObit-2) where she was brought up. [3] (#cite_note-YeditotObit-3) Zamir's parents were hard-of-hearing with her mother also mute, [3] (#cite_note-YeditotObit-3) and was the youngest daughter with three elder brothers. [4] (#cite_note-HaaretzObit-4) Her father left her home when she was young, leaving Zamir and her siblings to be raised solely by her mother. She sang in the school choir and selected the surname Zamir. [4] (#cite_note-HaaretzObit-4) From the age of 13 until enrolling in the military, Zamir was sexually abused by an distant family member. She studied cosmetics and worked part-time for a while in such a role by opening a minor clinic. Zamir also worked in a jewellery store and then a clothing department. [5] (#cite_note-ATMagObit-5) Career [ edit ] She began a modelling career, [6] (#cite_note-Ynet2Obit-6) being named Na’arat Israel (1st Runner-Up) at the Miss Israel (/wiki/Miss_Israel_1980) contest at the Arad Sports Hall in Tel Aviv (/wiki/Tel_Aviv) in 1980. [7] (#cite_note-YnetObit-7) [8] (#cite_note-Maariv1980-8) That same year, Zamir represented Israel at the Miss World 1980 (/wiki/Miss_World_1980) contest held in London. She was named the contest's third runner-up. [4] (#cite_note-HaaretzObit-4) She went on to model for companies such as Kodak (/wiki/Kodak) and local firms like the swimwear brand Pepper, Jordosh, Polgat and George during the 1980s. [4] (#cite_note-HaaretzObit-4) [6] (#cite_note-Ynet2Obit-6) [7] (#cite_note-YnetObit-7) In April 1990, Zamir began filming Kiss in the IDF in which she portrayed Yehuda Barkan (/wiki/Yehuda_Barkan) 's wife released later in the year. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) [7] (#cite_note-YnetObit-7) [9] (#cite_note-MaarivApr1990-9) She also had a role as a model in the television series The Cohen Tribe. [10] (#cite_note-MaarivDec1990-10) Zamir also had a role in the comedy film Shevet Cohen the year after. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) [7] (#cite_note-YnetObit-7) In 2016, she was a participant in the documentary The Lie of Beauty which is focused on the beauty world. [7] (#cite_note-YnetObit-7) Personal life [ edit ] She was married four times. Zamir was married three times: first to Israeli businessperson Shuki Ben Porat, second marriage were to Israeli dentist Ami Vizhinsky, and last one to Israeli businessperson and restaurateur Rami Segs. [4] (#cite_note-HaaretzObit-4) She has a son from her only period of marriage with her second husband, Ami Vizhinsky. [3] (#cite_note-YeditotObit-3) [5] (#cite_note-ATMagObit-5) Death [ edit ] Zamir had struggled with drug addiction during her whole adult life. [4] (#cite_note-HaaretzObit-4) On 14 December 2018, she collapsed on the pavement close to her small apartment in Tel Aviv. [2] (#cite_note-HaarivObit-2) Zamir was transported to Sheba Medical Center (/wiki/Sheba_Medical_Center) , [5] (#cite_note-ATMagObit-5) where she died the following day. [6] (#cite_note-Ynet2Obit-6) She was buried in Yarkon Cemetery (/wiki/Yarkon_Cemetery) on 16 December with few attendees present and none from the fashion world. [2] (#cite_note-HaarivObit-2) [4] (#cite_note-HaaretzObit-4) References [ edit ] ^ a b c "ענת זמיר" (https://www.ishim.co.il/p.php?s=%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%AA+%D7%96%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A8) [Anat Zamir]. Ishim.co.il. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210516141202/https://www.ishim.co.il/p.php?s=%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%AA+%D7%96%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A8) from the original on 16 May 2021 . Retrieved 16 May 2021 . ^ a b c Goldenberg-Stern, Liora (17 December 2018). "56 נערת ישראל בעבר ענת זמיר הלכה לעולמה בגיל" (https://www.maariv.co.il/news/israel/Article-675893) [Former Israeli girl Anat Zamir has died at the age of 56]. Maariv (/wiki/Maariv) (in Hebrew). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20181218134056/https://www.maariv.co.il/news/israel/Article-675893) from the original on 18 December 2018 . Retrieved 16 May 2021 . ^ a b c Abramov, Etty (19 December 2018). "האישה שחיפשה אהבה ומצאה את ההיפך" (https://www.yediot.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-5429347,00.html) [The woman who sought love and found the opposite]. Yedioth Ahronoth (/wiki/Yedioth_Ahronoth) (in Hebrew). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200219180001/https://www.yediot.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-5429347,00.html) from the original on 19 February 2020 . Retrieved 16 May 2021 . ^ a b c d e f g Pur, Shira (18 December 2018). " (https://www.haaretz.co.il/gallery/fashion/1.6760814) "יופי הוא לא רק ברכה": הסוף העצוב של ענת זמיר, סגנית מיס עולם לשעבר" (https://www.haaretz.co.il/gallery/fashion/1.6760814) ["Beauty is not just a blessing": the sad ending of Anat Zamir, former Miss World deputy]. Haaretz (/wiki/Haaretz) (in Hebrew). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20181219133921/https://www.haaretz.co.il/gallery/fashion/1.6760814) from the original on 19 December 2018 . Retrieved 16 May 2021 . ^ a b c Ari, Dalia Ben (18 December 2018). " (https://www.atmag.co.il/%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%AA-%D7%96%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A8/) "הכל קרה לה מהר מדי: ההצלחה, הגברים, הסמים": פרידה מענת זמיר" (https://www.atmag.co.il/%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%AA-%D7%96%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A8/) ["Everything happened to her too fast: success, men, drugs": Farewell to Zamir]. Atmag (in Hebrew). Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210516131417/https://www.atmag.co.il/%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%AA-%D7%96%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A8/) from the original on 16 May 2021 . Retrieved 16 May 2021 . ^ a b c Alirzi, Sivan (18 December 2018). "נפרדים מענת זמיר: נערת ישראללשנת 1980 הלכה לעולמה בגיל 56" (https://xnet.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-5428249,00.html) [Farewell to Anat Zamir: The Israeli girl of 1980 passed away at the age of 56] (in Hebrew). Ynet. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20181218210324/https://xnet.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-5428249,00.html) from the original on 18 December 2018 . Retrieved 16 May 2021 . ^ a b c d e Boker, Ran (17 December 2018). "ענת זמיר, סגנית מיס עולם לשעבר, הלכה לעולמה" (https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-5427855,00.html) [Anat Zamir, a former deputy Miss World, passed away] (in Hebrew). Ynet (/wiki/Ynet) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20181217205250/https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-5427855,00.html) from the original on 17 December 2018 . Retrieved 16 May 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-Maariv1980_8-0) "אילנה שושן - מלכת היופי של ישראל" (https://www.nli.org.il/he/newspapers/mar/1980/04/16/01/article/119/?e=-------he-20--1--img-txIN%7ctxTI--------------1) [Ilana Shoshan – The Beauty Queen of Israel]. Maariv (in Hebrew). 16 April 1980. p. 15. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210517051340/https://www.nli.org.il/he/newspapers/mar/1980/04/16/01/article/119/?e=-------he-20--1--img-txIN%7CtxTI--------------1) from the original on 17 May 2021 . Retrieved 16 May 2021 – via National Library of Israel. ^ (#cite_ref-MaarivApr1990_9-0) "גם בוכים, גם צוחקים" (https://www.nli.org.il/he/newspapers/mar/1990/04/08/01/article/280/?e=-------he-20--1--img-txIN%7ctxTI--------------1) [Also Crying, Also Laughing]. Maariv (in Hebrew). 8 April 1990. p. 5. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210517051341/https://www.nli.org.il/he/newspapers/mar/1990/04/08/01/article/280/?e=-------he-20--1--img-txIN%7CtxTI--------------1) from the original on 17 May 2021 . Retrieved 16 May 2021 – via National Library of Israel. ^ (#cite_ref-MaarivDec1990_10-0) Nolan, Yehuda (21 December 1990). "כהן יש רק אחד" (https://www.nli.org.il/he/newspapers/mar/1990/12/21/01/article/197/?e=-------he-20--1--img-txIN%7ctxTI--------------1) [Cohen has only one]. Maariv (in Hebrew). p. 6. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210516131411/https://www.nli.org.il/he/newspapers/mar/1990/12/21/01/article/197/?e=-------he-20--1--img-txIN%7CtxTI--------------1) from the original on 16 May 2021 . Retrieved 16 May 2021 – via National Library of Israel. External links [ edit ] Anat Zamir (https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1801960/) at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐66546ff478‐xt4nq Cached time: 20240712145610 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.488 seconds Real time usage: 0.674 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2680/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 37917/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2375/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 49059/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.353/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 18063832/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 638.748 1 -total 38.51% 245.978 1 Template:Infobox_pageant_titleholder 25.88% 165.277 1 Template:Reflist 16.89% 107.909 2 Template:Lang-he 13.69% 87.417 1 Template:Cite_web 13.22% 84.438 1 Template:Short_description 11.65% 74.432 1 Template:Birth_date 8.81% 56.293 9 Template:Cite_news 7.25% 46.340 1 Template:Infobox 6.93% 44.257 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:67680219-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712145610 and revision id 1229191438. 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British clothing company This article is about the British fashion label. For the American painter and illustrator, see Maxfield Parrish (/wiki/Maxfield_Parrish) . Maxfield Parrish Industry Fashion design and retail Founded 1972 [1] (#cite_note-FE_Cox_and_James-1) Founder Nigel Preston Headquarters London , England Key people Nigel Preston, Brenda Knight [2] (#cite_note-The_Times_66524-2) Maxfield Parrish was a British fashion brand founded by Nigel Preston in the early 1970s. With an international reputation – especially for its work in leathers – it was selected as part of the Dress of the Year (/wiki/Dress_of_the_Year) in 1982. Establishment and early years [ edit ] Maxfield Parrish was established just off the King's Road (/wiki/King%27s_Road) in 1972. [3] (#cite_note-Independent_Mackenzie-3) [4] (#cite_note-The_Guardian_Polan-4) The brand was named after the American artist and illustrator Maxfield Parrish (/wiki/Maxfield_Parrish) , who was admired by founder Nigel Preston. [3] (#cite_note-Independent_Mackenzie-3) Preston, who had trained in art and then dabbled in the music industry – once supporting Hawkwind (/wiki/Hawkwind) at a gig in Hampstead – began with a stall on Portobello Road (/wiki/Portobello_Road) selling women's tops made of chamois leather (/wiki/Chamois_leather) . He was self taught and had made clothes for many years, learning pattern making by deconstructing clothes. [3] (#cite_note-Independent_Mackenzie-3) Originally the store focused on what Preston's obituary described as men's clothes "of dandyesque theatricality". He was soon attracting pop stars of both sexes and his clothes were worn by, among others, Suzi Quatro (/wiki/Suzi_Quatro) . Another fan was Julie Andrews (/wiki/Julie_Andrews) who, it was reported, would only buy her leather trousers from Maxfield Parrish. [3] (#cite_note-Independent_Mackenzie-3) In the early days the business was underfunded and Preston lived out of a suitcase; he received financial support from David Ford, who was his business partner until 1984. [4] (#cite_note-The_Guardian_Polan-4) Move into high fashion [ edit ] By 1978, Preston's wife Brenda Knight – who had first met him when she provided some fashion PR that secured Maxfield Parrish coverage in Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(British_magazine)) – began to move the brand towards more mainstream fashion, spotting its potential in international markets. [3] (#cite_note-Independent_Mackenzie-3) [4] (#cite_note-The_Guardian_Polan-4) It began showing at the London Designer Collections – forerunner to London Fashion Week (/wiki/London_Fashion_Week) – and by 1981 it was attracting coverage for its suede and leather fashions. [5] (#cite_note-The_Times_61054.-5) Suzy Menkes (/wiki/Suzy_Menkes) said in October that year: "Nigel Preston of Maxfield Parrish has some superb ideas in suede and leather, especially pin-striped suede and big skirts in the softest chamois, but the collection needs editing". [6] (#cite_note-The_Times_61060-6) The label very quickly found an audience – thanks in part to a huge revival of interest in wearing suede and leather at the start of the 1980s. A 1982 article, also by Suzy Menkes, said that leather trousers had become a "classic" and suede jackets were no longer a luxury item; it said this was a British fashion story – most Italian designers were buying their skins from the UK. The article singled out Jean Muir (/wiki/Jean_Muir) , Roland Klein (/w/index.php?title=Roland_Klein&action=edit&redlink=1) and Maxfield Parrish, saying: "Now Maxfield Parrish have a thriving wholesale business with impressive export orders and show everything from seductive long skirts to simple T-shirts, pin-striped blazers and even jewel-coloured sheepskins, which are a fashion gallop away from heavy, horsey ginger suede". [7] (#cite_note-The_Times_61343-7) Dress of the Year and Pirelli Calendar [ edit ] In 1982, the brand was selected to be part of the Dress of the Year at Fashion Museum, Bath (/wiki/Fashion_Museum,_Bath) . That year two outfits were chosen – one comprised a linen ensemble by Margaret Howell (/wiki/Margaret_Howell) and Maxfield Parrish supplied a chamois leather outfit; the selector was Grace Coddington (/wiki/Grace_Coddington) of Vogue . [8] (#cite_note-Fashion_Museum_DotY-8) In 1984, Maxfield Parrish was among 14 British designers chosen to create garments and accessories for a revival of the Pirelli Calendar (/wiki/Pirelli_Calendar) . The company designed a fur cape featuring a tyre track motif and a wrap dress in chamois leather. The calendar was photographed by Norman Parkinson (/wiki/Norman_Parkinson) and the Maxfield Parrish designs created for the photography are now housed in the Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) , having earlier been auctioned for charity. All calendar designs were also displayed in the museum in 1986–87. [9] (#cite_note-VAM_object_history_note-9) International reputation and innovation [ edit ] Preston continued to develop new techniques and ways of working with leathers. His obituary noted that he invented washed leather as a fashion item and later experimented with techniques such as painting, waxing and brocading leather, also looking for ways to increase its suppleness. He was successful in the Italian market and considered a high-fashion brand in Los Angeles. [3] (#cite_note-Independent_Mackenzie-3) By 1991, Liz Smith in The Times said: "Nigel Preston's sarong skirts, bush shirts and jackets in supple suede have long been classics collected by fashion purists". [10] (#cite_note-The_Times_63973-10) By this stage, Maxfield Parrish designs were available in the UK via retailers such as Joseph (/wiki/Joseph_(fashion_brand)) and Harvey Nichols (/wiki/Harvey_Nichols) . Preston, speaking in 1991, described how he continued to try to work suede into new shapes: "It is difficult to get fullness and suede does not float... I have just spent a week on one set of patterns trying to make the pattern 'kick' – with fabric it would have been easy". By this stage, most of the company's leathers were sourced from France and its biggest turnover was in Italy. [11] (#cite_note-The_Times_64121-11) Later years [ edit ] The brand was continued by Preston and Knight after their move to France in 1993 – they had bought a chateau there in the 1980s. Preston died in 2008 and Knight continued to work under the Preston label. [2] (#cite_note-The_Times_66524-2) [3] (#cite_note-Independent_Mackenzie-3) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-FE_Cox_and_James_1-0) Cox, Caroline; James, Owen. "Maxfield Parrish" (http://www.fashionencyclopedia.com/Ma-Mu/Maxfield-Parrish.html) . fashionencyclopedia.com . Fashion Encyclopedia . Retrieved 13 July 2015 . ^ a b "In search of the simple life". The Times . No. 66524. 27 May 1999. ^ a b c d e f g Mackenzie, Susie (3 August 2008). "Nigel Preston: Innovative fashion designer whose King's Road shop Maxfield Parrish grew into an international business" (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nigel-preston-innovative-fashion-designer-whose-kings-road-shop-maxfield-parrish-grew-into-an-international-business-883313.html) . The Independent . Archived (https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220512/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/nigel-preston-innovative-fashion-designer-whose-kings-road-shop-maxfield-parrish-grew-into-an-international-business-883313.html) from the original on 12 May 2022 . Retrieved 13 July 2015 . ^ a b c Polan, Brenda (22 November 1984). "Hide and seek". The Guardian . ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_61054._5-0) Menkes, Suzy (13 October 1981). "Cavalleria Britannica". The Times . No. 61054. ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_61060_6-0) Menkes, Suzy (20 October 1981). "London round up". The Times . No. 61060. ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_61343_7-0) Menkes, Suzy (21 September 1982). "Britain leads the new Renaissance". The Times . No. 61343. ^ (#cite_ref-Fashion_Museum_DotY_8-0) "Dress of the Year" (http://www.fashionmuseum.co.uk/galleries/dress-year) . Fashion Museum Bath . Retrieved 14 July 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-VAM_object_history_note_9-0) "Object history note" (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O141951/the-pirelli-calendar-1985-fur-cape-maxfield-parrish/) . Victoria and Albert Museum. 19 April 1984 . Retrieved 14 July 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_63973_10-0) Smith, Liz (23 March 1991). "Second Skin". The Times . No. 63973. ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_64121_11-0) Hall, Dinah (10 September 1991). "Luxury of a second skin". The Times . No. 64121. External links [ edit ] Nigel Preston website (http://nigel-preston.com/) Maxfield Parrish coat dress and belt in leather and velvet worn for the 1985 Pirelli Calendar, in the Victoria and Albert Museum archive (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O141946/the-pirelli-calendar-1985-coat-dress-and-maxfield-parrish/) Fur cape with 'tyre tracks' for the 1985 Pirelli Calendar, in the Victoria and Albert Museum archive (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O141951/the-pirelli-calendar-1985-fur-cape-maxfield-parrish/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐66546ff478‐8s6fk Cached time: 20240715060722 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.317 seconds Real time usage: 0.534 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1823/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 22360/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1236/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 43051/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.194/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6011686/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 511.911 1 -total 35.65% 182.473 1 Template:Infobox_company 33.19% 169.901 1 Template:Infobox 30.63% 156.809 1 Template:Reflist 23.85% 122.094 1 Template:Short_description 18.87% 96.583 3 Template:Cite_web 14.17% 72.528 7 Template:Main_other 13.62% 69.747 1 Template:SDcat 7.64% 39.135 2 Template:Pagetype 7.11% 36.417 8 Template:Cite_news Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:47237314-0!canonical and timestamp 20240715060722 and revision id 1219693404. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maxfield_Parrish_(clothing)&oldid=1219693404 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maxfield_Parrish_(clothing)&oldid=1219693404) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1972 establishments in England (/wiki/Category:1972_establishments_in_England) 1970s fashion (/wiki/Category:1970s_fashion) 1980s fashion (/wiki/Category:1980s_fashion) High fashion brands (/wiki/Category:High_fashion_brands) British companies established in 1972 (/wiki/Category:British_companies_established_in_1972) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Use dmy dates from September 2019 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_September_2019) EngvarB from September 2019 (/wiki/Category:EngvarB_from_September_2019)
Nigerian rapper (born 1989) Eva Alordiah Alordiah in 2013 Background information Birth name Elohor Eva Alordiah Born ( 1989-08-13 ) 13 August 1989 (age 34) Abuja (/wiki/Abuja) , Nigeria Genres Hip hop (/wiki/Hip_Hop_music) reggae (/wiki/Reggae) Occupation(s) Rapper entrepreneur make-up artist fashion designer Years active 2008–present [1] (#cite_note-1) Musical artist Elohor Eva Alordiah (born 13 August 1989), [2] (#cite_note-Eva_After_Dark.com-2) who is better known as Eva Alordiah or simply Eva , is a Nigerian (/wiki/Nigerians) rapper, make-up artist, fashion designer and entrepreneur. [3] (#cite_note-allafrica1-3) [4] (#cite_note-punchng1-4) A native of Delta State (/wiki/Delta_State) , Eva was born and raised in Abuja (/wiki/Abuja) , and is regarded as one of the best female rappers in Nigeria. [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) Her contributions to the Nigerian music industry have earned her several accolades, including one Nigeria Entertainment Award (/wiki/Nigeria_Entertainment_Awards) , one Eloy Award, and one YEM award. [7] (#cite_note-7) Her debut extended play, Gigo (Garbage in Garbage Out) (/wiki/Gigo_(Garbage_in_Garbage_Out)) , was released for free digital download on 20 November 2011. Eva is the owner of makeupByOrsela, a company that specializes in makeup services. [4] (#cite_note-punchng1-4) She released her eponymous second extended play, Eva , in November 2014. Her debut studio album, 1960 , was released in September 2016. [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) Career [ edit ] 1989–2009: Early life and career beginnings [ edit ] A native of Delta State (/wiki/Delta_State) , Eva Alordiah was born on 13 August 1989, in Abuja (/wiki/Abuja) , Nigeria. [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) She got introduced to music by her mother, who listened to musical recordings from the 1970s and 1980s. [12] (#cite_note-vanguardngr2-12) [13] (#cite_note-Bellanaija1-13) Eva has cited Michael Jackson (/wiki/Michael_Jackson) , Bob Marley (/wiki/Bob_Marley) , Sade Adu (/wiki/Sade_Adu) , The Carpenters (/wiki/The_Carpenters) , John Lennon (/wiki/John_Lennon) and Don Williams (/wiki/Don_Williams) as her key musical influences. Growing up, she partook in several forms of art and was fond of drawing and reading books. She sang in her church's choir and joined the drama club while in secondary school. [2] (#cite_note-Eva_After_Dark.com-2) When she was 10 years old, she wrote a short story in her notebook and dreamt of being an author. After learning of Eminem (/wiki/Eminem) , she began to write rap verses and was inspired to pursue a professional career in rap music. Eva's love for words and rhyming pulled her deeper into the hip-hop genre. [2] (#cite_note-Eva_After_Dark.com-2) At the age of 16, she found herself balancing school and business. With an ambition to make money and become independent, she started auditioning for acting and modeling roles. Eva sold second-hand clothing in school as a means to an end (/wiki/Means_to_an_end) , [13] (#cite_note-Bellanaija1-13) and began her career as a photography model. [13] (#cite_note-Bellanaija1-13) She graduated with a degree in computer science (/wiki/Computer_science) from Bowen University (/wiki/Bowen_University) . [12] (#cite_note-vanguardngr2-12) Eva's first-ever studio recording, "I Dey Play", was released in 2009 and features a rap verse from Tha Suspect; the track was recorded over Lil Wayne (/wiki/Lil_Wayne) 's " A Milli (/wiki/A_Milli) " instrumental. [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-Jaguda1-15) 2011–2013: Gigo (Garbage in Garbage Out) and Trybe Records [ edit ] Eva performing in 2012 Eva was featured on Strbuttah's single "Make 'em Say". [16] (#cite_note-Ovie-16) The music video for the song, which was directed by Rcube of Strbuttah and included a cameo by Eva, was released in January 2011. [17] (#cite_note-Oye-17) In March 2011, Eva appeared on the female version of Tha Suspect's song "I No Send You", which was released along with its music video. [18] (#cite_note-18) [19] (#cite_note-19) Eva started working on her debut extended play, Gigo (Garbage in Garbage Out) (/wiki/Gigo_(Garbage_in_Garbage_Out)) , as an independent artist. The EP was released on 20 November 2011 and comprises nine tracks. It was supported by the singles "I Done Did It", "Down Low", "Garbage Out (Your Fada)", and "High". The EP's production was handled by Sossick, Tintin, and Gray Jon'z. "I Done Did It" was produced by Sossick and released as the lead single. [20] (#cite_note-20) [21] (#cite_note-21) In a 2012 interview with Halley Bondy of MTV Iggy , Eva said she had fun recording the EP and was honored to have worked with the aforementioned producers. [22] (#cite_note-mtviggy1-22) Eva released the second single "High" in 2012; its music video was directed by Mex and released on 24 May 2012. [23] (#cite_note-23) [24] (#cite_note-24) When the video for "High" premiered on MTV Base (/wiki/MTV_Base) in May 2012, many people misconstrued the song's meaning and thought it alluded to drug use. In the aforementioned interview with Bondy, Eva said "High" is about overcoming the struggles and hardships of life. [22] (#cite_note-mtviggy1-22) In May 2012, it was reported that Eva signed a record deal with Da Trybe 2.0, a record label owned by record producer and recording artist eLDee (/wiki/ELDee) . [25] (#cite_note-25) In November 2013, Ariya Today reported that Eva was dropped from Trybe Records. According to the press release signed by the management of the recording outfit, Eva's ideas and foresight didn't align with the label's plans. [26] (#cite_note-26) In an interview with BellaNaija (/wiki/BellaNaija) , Eva denied reports about being signed to Trybe Records despite the press release statements from the label. [27] (#cite_note-27) After the Trybe Records saga in 2012, she took a break from the music scene and spent time reflecting on her craft. [2] (#cite_note-Eva_After_Dark.com-2) In February 2013, Eva released the single "Mercy", which was produced and co-written by Sossick. The track was made available for download on her blogsite. [28] (#cite_note-28) In December 2013, U.K producer Drox featured her in the music video for his song "Mercy". [29] (#cite_note-29) [30] (#cite_note-30) He released several official remixes of the song, including a "Summer" mix and a "Jackin Storm" mix. [31] (#cite_note-31) [32] (#cite_note-32) On 29 July 2013, Eva released the promotional single "Lights Out", which was produced by Gray Jon'z. [33] (#cite_note-33) The music video for the song was directed by Patrick Elis. [34] (#cite_note-34) In an interview with the Leadership (/wiki/Leadership_(Nigeria)) newspaper, Eva said she recorded "Lights Out" to showcase her versatility as an artist. [3] (#cite_note-allafrica1-3) In August 2013, Eva signed a management deal with Radioactiiv. [2] (#cite_note-Eva_After_Dark.com-2) That same month, Nokia (/wiki/Nokia) Nigeria enlisted her as one of the judges for its annual Don't Break Da Beat competition. [35] (#cite_note-35) 2014–present: 1960 , Eva , and Because You Been Waiting [ edit ] In 2012, Eva started working on her debut studio album 1960 , which was produced by Tintin and Gray Jon'z. On 24 January 2014, she released the album's lead single "Deaf", which was produced by Gray Jon'z. The song was remixed by rapper Boogey and premiered three months after the premiere of the "Lights Out" video. [36] (#cite_note-36) [37] (#cite_note-37) The music video for "Deaf" was shot and directed by Patrick Elis. [38] (#cite_note-38) Eva organised a rap competition exclusively for girls to promote the song. [39] (#cite_note-39) Eva stated in an interview that she loves creating visual content, and has successfully co-directed all of her music videos to date. [2] (#cite_note-Eva_After_Dark.com-2) Eva was featured in the Lagos edition of BBC Radio 1xtra (/wiki/BBC_Radio_1xtra) 's Live Lounge (/wiki/Live_Lounge) , alongside M.I (/wiki/M.I_Abaga) , 2face Idibia (/wiki/2face_Idibia) , Wizkid (/wiki/Wizkid_(musician)) and Iyanya (/wiki/Iyanya) . [40] (#cite_note-vanguardngr1-40) As part of the feature, artists were asked to freestyle. [40] (#cite_note-vanguardngr1-40) [41] (#cite_note-41) Eva collaborated with Burna Boy (/wiki/Burna_Boy) , Endia, Yung L, and Sarkodie (/wiki/Sarkodie_(rapper)) on an unreleased song that was initially intended to be the theme song (/wiki/Theme_song) for the third season of Shuga . Instead of using the Chopstix-produced song, MTV Base chose the Del B (/wiki/Del_B) -produced track "Sweet Like Shuga", which features vocals from Flavour N'abania (/wiki/Flavour_N%27abania) , Sound Sultan (/wiki/Sound_Sultan) , Chidinma (/wiki/Chidinma) , Kcee (/wiki/Kcee_(musician)) and Professor. On 11 March 2014, Eva released her version of the unreleased theme song titled "Shuga". [42] (#cite_note-42) On 31 August 2014, Thisday (/wiki/Thisday) newspaper reported that Eva became an ambassador of Guinness (/wiki/Guinness) Nigeria's Made of Black campaign alongside Olamide (/wiki/Olamide) and Phyno (/wiki/Phyno) . Eva performed at the campaign's launch and was featured in its television commercial. [43] (#cite_note-43) On 25 September 2014, "War Coming" was released as the second single from 1960 . The song was produced by Tintin and features guest vocals by Sir Dauda. [44] (#cite_note-44) On 6 November 2014, Eva announced the album's title and said it would be released in January 2015. 1960 features guest collaborations with Darey Art Alade (/wiki/Darey) , Femi Kuti (/wiki/Femi_Kuti) , Yemi Alade (/wiki/Yemi_Alade) , Olamide, Sarkodie (/wiki/Sarkodie_(rapper)) and Sir Dauda. On 20 November 2014, Eva released her eponymous second extended play, Eva , for free digital download. [45] (#cite_note-45) On 6 March 2015, she premiered the Mex-directed music video for "War Coming". [46] (#cite_note-46) Eva's debut mixtape, Because You Been Waiting , was released on 1 March 2016. It comprises five tracks and contains a sample of DMX (/wiki/DMX_(rapper)) 's 2000 single " What These Bitches Want (/wiki/What_These_Bitches_Want) ". [47] (#cite_note-47) In January 2020, after a hiatus from music, Eva released the Jesse Alordiah-produced single "Friend or Foe". She co-directed the song's music video with Ibukun Williams. [48] (#cite_note-48) Discography [ edit ] Studio albums 1960 (2016) EPs Gigo (Garbage in Garbage Out) (/wiki/Gigo_(Garbage_in_Garbage_Out)) (2011) Eva (2014) Mixtapes Because You Been Waiting (2016) Singles As lead artist Title Year Album "Relentless" 2010 Non-album single "Down Low" (featuring Shank) "Tonight" [A] (#cite_note-50) "I Done Did It" 2011 Gigo (Garbage in Garbage Out) "High" 2012 "Biggie Biggie" Non-album single "Mercy" 2013 "Lights Out" "Deaf" 2014 "Shuga" (with Burna Boy (/wiki/Burna_Boy) , Endia, Yung L, and Sarkodie (/wiki/Sarkodie_(rapper)) ) "Shuga" As featured artist Title Year Album "I No Send U" (Remix) (Tha Suspect featuring Sasha, Muna (/wiki/Muna_(rapper)) , Eva Alordiah, Mo'Cheddah, Blaise, and Zee) 2009 I am Music "Owo Ati Swagga" (Remix) (CartiAir featuring Gino, Da Grin (/wiki/Da_Grin) , Eva Alordiah, and Terry Tha Rapman) Welcome to My World "Fido Dido" (DJ Zeez featuring Eva Alordiah) 2012 Non-album single "Closer" (Omotayo featuring Eva Alordiah) 2013 "Love Letter" (Moses featuring Eva Alordiah) Cameo appearances Title Year Album "Ayanfe" (Remix) (Iceberg Slim featuring M.I (/wiki/M.I_Abaga) and Emma Nyra (/wiki/Emma_Nyra) ) 2013 Non-album single Guest appearances Title Year Album "Shake It Down Low" ( P-Square (/wiki/P-Square) featuring Muna (/wiki/Muna_(rapper)) and Eva Alodiah) 2011 The Invasion "Super Sun" (Remix) ( Bez (/wiki/Bez_(musician)) featuring eLDee (/wiki/ELDee) , Ice Prince (/wiki/Ice_Prince) , and Eva Alordiah) Super Sun (/wiki/Super_Sun) Music videos Title Year Director(s) "I No Send U" (Remix) (Tha Suspect featuring Sasha, Muna (/wiki/Muna_(rapper)) , Eva Alordiah, Mo'Cheddah, Blaise, and Zee) 2011 Clarence Peters (/wiki/Clarence_Peters) "High" 2012 Patrick Elis "Biggie Biggie" [B] (#cite_note-52) "Lights Out" 2013 Patrick Elis "Closer" (Omotayo featuring Eva Alordiah) Tomi Shift "Mercy" (Drox featuring Eva Alordiah) — [C] (#cite_note-53) "Deaf" 2014 Patrick Elis "Shuga" Mex "War Coming" 2015 Awards and nominations [ edit ] The Headies (/wiki/The_Headies) Year Recipient Award Result Ref 2014 (/wiki/The_Headies_2014) "Deaf" Best Rap Single Nominated [51] (#cite_note-54) 2012 (/wiki/The_Headies_2012) Herself Next Rated (/wiki/The_Headies_award_for_Next_Rated) Nominated [52] (#cite_note-55) 2011 (/wiki/The_Headies_2011) Herself for "God Hand" Best Vocal Performance (Female) (/wiki/The_Headies_Award_for_Best_Vocal_Performance_(Female)) Nominated [53] (#cite_note-56) "God Hand" Best Recording of the Year Nominated 2010 (/wiki/The_Headies_2010) Herself for "No Cry" Best Vocal Performance (Female) Nominated Nigeria Entertainment Awards (/wiki/Nigeria_Entertainment_Awards) Year Recipient Award Result Ref 2012 Herself Best Rap Act of the Year Nominated [54] (#cite_note-57) Most Promising Act to Watch Won [55] (#cite_note-58) 2011 Best Rap Act of the Year Nominated [56] (#cite_note-59) 2010 Best Soul/Neo Act of the Year Nominated [57] (#cite_note-60) 2014 Female Artist of the Year Nominated [58] (#cite_note-61) Best Rap Act of the Year Nominated Eloy Awards Year Recipient Award Result Ref 2011 Herself Female Rap Artiste of the Year Won [59] (#cite_note-62) YEM Awards Year Recipient Award Result Ref 2012 Herself Artiste of the Year (Female) Nominated [60] (#cite_note-63) "I Don Did It" Best Rap Single (Female) Won Dynamix All Youth Awards Year Recipient Award Result Ref 2012 Herself Promising Artist Nominated [61] (#cite_note-64) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-50) "Tonight" is a tribute to the late Da Grin (/wiki/Da_Grin) . [49] (#cite_note-49) ^ (#cite_ref-52) An animation video with a Super Mario theme was created for "Biggie Biggie". [50] (#cite_note-51) ^ (#cite_ref-53) The music video for "Mercy" was shot in Lagos and edited in London and Paris. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Halim, Kate (18 March 2011). "I've been addicted to garri since I was a child–Eva, rap artiste" (http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/48139/3/ive-been-addicted-to-garri-since-i-was-a-childeva-.html) . The Nigerian Voice. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140714154010/http://www.thenigerianvoice.com/movie/48139/3/ive-been-addicted-to-garri-since-i-was-a-childeva-.html) from the original on 14 July 2014 . Retrieved 12 July 2014 . ^ a b c d e f "Eva -Biography" (http://www.evaafterdark.com/?page_id=114) . Eva After Dark.com. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140508081533/http://www.evaafterdark.com/?page_id=114) from the original on 8 May 2014 . Retrieved 8 May 2014 . ^ a b Umah, Lerato (1 November 2013). "Nigeria: Eva Alordiah – the 'Very Simple' Girl" (http://allafrica.com/stories/201311010303.html?viewall=1) . allAfrica.com. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140508223050/http://allafrica.com/stories/201311010303.html?viewall=1) from the original on 8 May 2014 . Retrieved 8 May 2014 . ^ a b "Music turns me on —Eva Alordiah" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140508224304/http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/music-turns-me-on-eva-alordiah/) . Punchng.com. 18 August 2013. Archived from the original (http://www.punchng.com/entertainment/music-turns-me-on-eva-alordiah/) on 8 May 2014 . Retrieved 8 May 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "The Best Female Rapper in Nigeria, Eva releases new music – DEAF" (http://www.jaguda.com/2014/01/24/dope-new-music-deaf-by-eva/) . Jaguda.com. 24 January 2014. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140507002053/http://www.jaguda.com/2014/01/24/dope-new-music-deaf-by-eva/) from the original on 7 May 2014 . Retrieved 7 May 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "New Video: Eva Alordiah – Diss Freestyle – Music – Pulse" (http://pulse.ng/music/new-video-eva-alordiah-diss-freestyle-id2624465.html) (in German). Pulse.ng. 17 January 2014. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140506235037/http://pulse.ng/music/new-video-eva-alordiah-diss-freestyle-id2624465.html) from the original on 6 May 2014 . Retrieved 7 May 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Monthly event for the celebration, empowerment of women set to hold 1st edition" (https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/she-rocks-monthly-event-for-the-celebration-empowerment-of-women-set-to-hold-1st/q1hpcxp) . Pulse Nigeria . 17 August 2016. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230228022338/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/she-rocks-monthly-event-for-the-celebration-empowerment-of-women-set-to-hold-1st/q1hpcxp) from the original on 28 February 2023 . Retrieved 28 May 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Joey Akan (16 September 2016). "Eva Alordiah exposes her brilliant and twisted world on "1960" (http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/pulse-album-review-eva-alordiah-exposes-her-brilliant-and-twisted-world-on-1960-id5495875.html) " (http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/pulse-album-review-eva-alordiah-exposes-her-brilliant-and-twisted-world-on-1960-id5495875.html) . Pulse Nigeria. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180129143711/http://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/music/pulse-album-review-eva-alordiah-exposes-her-brilliant-and-twisted-world-on-1960-id5495875.html) from the original on 29 January 2018 . Retrieved 28 January 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Monthly event for the celebration, empowerment of women set to hold 1st edition" (https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/she-rocks-monthly-event-for-the-celebration-empowerment-of-women-set-to-hold-1st/q1hpcxp) . Pulse Nigeria . 17 August 2016. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230228022338/https://www.pulse.ng/lifestyle/events/she-rocks-monthly-event-for-the-celebration-empowerment-of-women-set-to-hold-1st/q1hpcxp) from the original on 28 February 2023 . Retrieved 28 May 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Regulars (23 September 2013). "Close Up on Stars: Eva Alordiah" (https://web.archive.org/web/20140508081043/http://hiphopworldmagazine.com/2013/09/23/close-up-on-stars-eva-alordiah/) . Hip Hop World Magazine. Archived from the original (http://hiphopworldmagazine.com/2013/09/23/close-up-on-stars-eva-alordiah/) on 8 May 2014 . Retrieved 8 May 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "10 Things You Didn't Know About Eva Alordiah" (https://youthvillageng.com/10-things-you-didnt-know-about-eva-alordiah/) . Youth Village . Retrieved 28 February 2023 . ^ a b "I'd give anything to work with Jesse Jags, 2face – Eva Alordiah" (http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/11/id-give-anything-work-jesse-jags-2face-eva-alordiah/) . Vanguardngr.com. 6 November 2013. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140508224445/http://www.vanguardngr.com/2013/11/id-give-anything-work-jesse-jags-2face-eva-alordiah/) from the original on 8 May 2014 . Retrieved 8 May 2014 . ^ a b c "BN Saturday Celebrity Interview: "I Have Never Been Signed to a Record Label" Nigerian Femcee, AlordiahBreaks the Silence on her Split From Trybe Records & Shares Intimate Details of her Life's Journey" (http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/12/08/bn-saturday-celebrity-interview-i-have-never-been-signed-to-a-record-label-nigerian-femcee-eva-breaks-the-silence-on-her-split-from-trybe-records-shares-intimate-details-of-her-lifes-journey/) . Bellanaija. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140504172239/http://www.bellanaija.com/2012/12/08/bn-saturday-celebrity-interview-i-have-never-been-signed-to-a-record-label-nigerian-femcee-eva-breaks-the-silence-on-her-split-from-trybe-records-shares-intimate-details-of-her-lifes-journey/) from the original on 4 May 2014 . Retrieved 23 February 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Spotlight – Eva Alordiah" (http://gistville.com/2012/10/spotlight-eva-alordiah/) . GISTville. 22 October 2012. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140506235336/http://gistville.com/2012/10/spotlight-eva-alordiah/) from the original on 6 May 2014 . Retrieved 7 May 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Jaguda1_15-0) "Jag-Spotlite: AlordiahAlordiah… She Done Did It" (http://www.jaguda.com/2011/05/19/jag-spotlite-eva-alordiah-she-done-did-it/) . Bellanaija. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140415131506/http://www.jaguda.com/2011/05/19/jag-spotlite-eva-alordiah-she-done-did-it/) from the original on 15 April 2014 . Retrieved 2 April 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Ovie_16-0) "Alordiah– Make 'Em Say (Exclusive)" (http://notjustok.com/2009/09/05/eva-make-em-say/) . Notjustok. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20140323012607/http://notjustok.com/2009/09/05/eva-make-em-say/) from the original on 23 March 2014 . 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Australian portrait and fashion photographer Ruth Hollick Born ( 1883-03-17 ) 17 March 1883 Melbourne, Australia Died 7 April 1977 (1977-04-07) (aged 94) Sandringham, Victoria Nationality Australian Occupation Photographer Ruth Miriam Hollick (17 March 1883 – 7 April 1977) was an Australian portrait and fashion photographer who was one of Melbourne's leading Pictorialist (/wiki/Pictorialist) [1] (#cite_note-warren-1) photographers during the 1920s. Education and personal life [ edit ] Ruth Miriam Hollick was born in the Williamstown (/wiki/Williamstown,_Victoria) area of Melbourne (/wiki/Melbourne) , Australia, in 1883, the last of 13 children of Harry Ebenezer Hollick, a civil servant, and Frances Jane (Cole) Hollick. She was raised in the suburb of Moonee Ponds (/wiki/Moonee_Ponds) [2] (#cite_note-wyk-2) and educated at the National Gallery of Victoria Art School (/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Victoria_Art_School) (1902–06), where one of her teachers was the painter Frederick McCubbin (/wiki/Frederick_McCubbin) , but she received no formal training in photography. [3] (#cite_note-hall-3) Her professional partner, Dorothy Izard, was also her life partner. [3] (#cite_note-hall-3) In 1950 Hollick and Izard embarked on their first overseas travel, visiting relatives and touring the UK. On their return they moved to Heidelberg (/wiki/Heidelberg,_Victoria) . [4] (#cite_note-4) Photography career [ edit ] There is evidence that Hollick was experimenting with photography in a home darkroom (/wiki/Darkroom) by 1907. [2] (#cite_note-wyk-2) The following year, she set herself up as a freelance photographer who toured rural areas of the state of Victoria (/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)) , making portraits of families, especially children. [3] (#cite_note-hall-3) [5] (#cite_note-cato-5) She worked mostly outdoors in natural light with a field camera (/wiki/Field_camera) . [3] (#cite_note-hall-3) By World War I (/wiki/World_War_I) , she had shifted into studio photography, initially working out of her parents' house in Moonee Ponds (/wiki/Moonee_Ponds,_Victoria) and later moving into Mina Moore (/wiki/May_and_Mina_Moore) 's former studio in the Auditorium Building downtown, subsequently expanding still further into Chartres House. [3] (#cite_note-hall-3) It was in this period that Hollick developed a reputation for skillful use of both natural and studio lighting and for stylish compositions, often setting her subjects against plain backgrounds. [3] (#cite_note-hall-3) [6] (#cite_note-kerr-6) She specialized in portraits of society figures and celebrities, as well as fashion photography for use in advertisements. [2] (#cite_note-wyk-2) [3] (#cite_note-hall-3) For example, she took several pictures of the British aviator Amy Johnson (/wiki/Amy_Johnson) on her 1930 world tour, including the official Australian portrait. [2] (#cite_note-wyk-2) For most of the 1920s, Hollick was one of Melbourne's two leading photographers, along with Pegg Clarke (/wiki/Pegg_Clarke) , and she exhibited her work both locally and internationally. [2] (#cite_note-wyk-2) [3] (#cite_note-hall-3) During this period she won at least six silver awards and numerous bronze awards in various shows. [3] (#cite_note-hall-3) Her photographs were regularly published in Art in Australia and other Australian magazines. [2] (#cite_note-wyk-2) In recent years, her work has been included in at least two large-scale exhibitions of Australian photography. Hollick gave up her downtown studios during the Great Depression (/wiki/Great_Depression_in_Australia) and returned to working from Moonee Ponds (/wiki/Moonee_Ponds,_Victoria) . She retired from photography in 1950 and died in 1977 at Sandringham (/wiki/Sandringham,_Victoria) . [3] (#cite_note-hall-3) Studio portraits photographed by Ruth Hollick Miss Moira Rodgers Miss J Purves-Smith Mrs. Esmond Lillies Images courtesy of Ruth Hollick Collection, State Library Victoria (/wiki/State_Library_Victoria) . Selected exhibitions [ edit ] The Paris End: Photography, Fashion & Glamour (2007; National Gallery of Victoria (/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Victoria) touring exhibition) Masterpieces of Australian Photography (1989) Amateur Photographer Overseas Exhibition, London (1932) Melbourne Exhibition of Pictorial Photography (1929: only woman in show) Chicago Photographic Exhibition (1927) Colonial Exhibitions of the Royal Photographic Society (/wiki/Royal_Photographic_Society) of Great Britain (1925, 1927) London Salon of Photography (1920) [2] (#cite_note-wyk-2) [3] (#cite_note-hall-3) Collections [ edit ] Hollick's glass plate negatives and original prints are held in collections of the following institutions: [3] (#cite_note-hall-3) Ruth Hollick Collection, State Library of Victoria (/wiki/State_Library_of_Victoria) (digitised image collection) National Gallery of Australia (/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Australia) Art Gallery of New South Wales (/wiki/Art_Gallery_of_New_South_Wales) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-warren_1-0) Warren, Lynne. Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Photography . Routledge, 2005, p. 87. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Wyk, Susan Van. "Ruth Hollick b. 17 March 1883" (https://www.daao.org.au/bio/ruth-hollick/biography/) . Design and Art Australia Online, 1995. Updated 2011, accessed 13 May 2016. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l Hall, Barbara. "Hollick, Ruth Miriam (1883–1977)" (http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/hollick-ruth-miriam-10521) . Australian Dictionary of Biography , National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, vol. 14, 1996. ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Hollick, Ruth (1883-1977)" (https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/514938?c=people) . TROVE . Retrieved 3 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-cato_5-0) Cato, Jack. The Story of the Camera in Australia . Melbourne: Institute of Australian Photographers, 1955. ^ (#cite_ref-kerr_6-0) Kerr, Joan, ed. Heritage: The National Women's Art Book: 500 Works by 500 Australian Women Artists from Colonial Times to 1955 . Craftsman House, 1995, p. 283. Further reading [ edit ] Van Wyk, Susan. The Paris End: Photography, Fashion & Glamour ( National Gallery Of Victoria (/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Victoria) , 2009) — includes Hollick's work Tsara, Olga. Ruth Hollick and early Australian fashion photography (https://blogs.slv.vic.gov.au/such-was-life/ruth-hollick-and-early-australian-fashion-photography/) ( State Library of Victoria (/wiki/State_Library_Victoria) ) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) International ISNI (https://isni.org/isni/0000000065033162) VIAF (https://viaf.org/viaf/92353758) Artists Photographers' Identities (https://pic.nypl.org/constituents/298209) People Australia (http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/hollick-ruth-miriam-10521) Australian Women's Register (http://www.womenaustralia.info/biogs/AWE5986b.htm) Trove (https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/514938) 2 (https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1470975) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5f776947c‐tmxm6 Cached time: 20240709034754 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.385 seconds Real time usage: 0.519 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2144/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 13798/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1808/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 9/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 19508/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.257/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5323209/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 491.659 1 -total 31.26% 153.681 1 Template:Infobox_person 24.89% 122.395 1 Template:Reflist 21.20% 104.232 1 Template:Cite_web 19.45% 95.620 1 Template:Authority_control 12.89% 63.369 1 Template:Short_description 11.12% 54.676 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 7.83% 38.500 2 Template:Pagetype 6.49% 31.893 1 Template:Birth_date 6.24% 30.678 17 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:50533118-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709034754 and revision id 1154852742. 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Scottish jewelry company ROX Diamonds & Thrills Company type Private company (/wiki/Privately_held_company) Industry Jewelry (/wiki/Jewelry) , e-commerce (/wiki/E-commerce) Founded 2002 ; 22 years ago ( 2002 ) Founder Kyron Keogh, Grant Mitchell Headquarters Glasgow , United Kingdom Website www (https://www.rox.co.uk) .rox (https://www.rox.co.uk) .co (https://www.rox.co.uk) .uk (https://www.rox.co.uk) ROX is a British jewellers (/wiki/Jewellers) , established in 2002 by Kyron Keogh and Grant Mitchell, [1] (#cite_note-1) that specialises in diamonds and luxury watches – stocking brands such as Hublot (/wiki/Hublot) , Chopard (/wiki/Chopard) , Bulgari (/wiki/Bulgari) , Zenith (watchmaker) (/wiki/Zenith_(watchmaker)) , TAG Heuer (/wiki/TAG_Heuer) , Tudor (/wiki/Montres_Tudor_SA) and Gucci (/wiki/Gucci) . ROX currently operates eight stores across Scotland and England - in Edinburgh (/wiki/Edinburgh) , Glasgow (/wiki/Glasgow) , London (/wiki/London) , Liverpool (/wiki/Liverpool) , [2] (#cite_note-2) Newcastle upon Tyne (/wiki/Newcastle_upon_Tyne) and Leeds (/wiki/Leeds) [3] (#cite_note-3) - with an expected turnover in excess of £20m in 2022. Awards [ edit ] Retailer of the Year, Scottish Fashion Awards (/wiki/Scottish_Fashion_Awards) in 2011. [4] (#cite_note-4) Independent Jeweller of the Year, UK Jewellery Awards 2011. [5] (#cite_note-5) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Business interview: Kyron Keogh co-founder of Rox Jewellers - The Scotsman" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180814232634/https://www.scotsman.com/business/management/business-interview-kyron-keogh-co-founder-of-rox-jewellers-1-2565184) . 14 August 2018. Archived from the original (https://www.scotsman.com/business/management/business-interview-kyron-keogh-co-founder-of-rox-jewellers-1-2565184) on 14 August 2018 . Retrieved 7 December 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Luxury jewellers Rox opening £1m store in Liverpool with its own Moet Champagne bar inside" (https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/whats-on/shopping/luxury-jewellers-rox-opening-1m-17201903) . Liverpool Echo (/wiki/Liverpool_Echo) . 5 November 2019 . Retrieved 6 November 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Scottish jeweller ROX to expand into England" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-scotland-business-22956534) . BBC News (/wiki/BBC_News) . 18 June 2013 . Retrieved 11 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Scottish fashion Awards 2011 Winners" (https://www.vogue.co.uk/news/2011/06/16/scottish-fashion-awards-2011-winners) . Vogue . 16 June 2011 . Retrieved 11 May 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "UK Jewellery Award Winners Announced" (http://www.professionaljeweller.com/uk-jewellery-awards-winners-announced/) . Professional Jeweller . Retrieved 11 May 2016 . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://www.rox.co.uk) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐b7d4d997‐ghpxz Cached time: 20240701070800 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.293 seconds Real time usage: 0.604 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1687/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 18361/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1727/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 20546/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.167/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4723152/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 383.376 1 -total 32.65% 125.167 1 Template:Reflist 30.37% 116.413 1 Template:Infobox_company 28.07% 107.621 1 Template:Short_description 27.36% 104.884 1 Template:Infobox 25.30% 96.999 3 Template:Cite_web 15.19% 58.241 9 Template:Main_other 14.03% 53.806 1 Template:SDcat 10.15% 38.918 2 Template:Pagetype 4.52% 17.314 1 Template:Use_dmy_dates Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:50510645-0!canonical and timestamp 20240701070800 and revision id 1212374528. 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(Redirected from Fashion in Killing Eve (/w/index.php?title=Fashion_in_Killing_Eve&redirect=no) ) British spy thriller television series (2018–2022) Killing Eve Genre Spy thriller (/wiki/Spy_thriller) [1] (#cite_note-genre-1) Drama (/wiki/Drama_(film_and_television)) [2] (#cite_note-2) Black comedy (/wiki/Black_comedy) [1] (#cite_note-genre-1) Based on Villanelle (/wiki/Codename_Villanelle) novel series by Luke Jennings (/wiki/Luke_Jennings) Starring Sandra Oh (/wiki/Sandra_Oh) Jodie Comer (/wiki/Jodie_Comer) Fiona Shaw (/wiki/Fiona_Shaw) Darren Boyd (/wiki/Darren_Boyd) Owen McDonnell (/wiki/Owen_McDonnell) Kirby Howell-Baptiste (/wiki/Kirby_Howell-Baptiste) David Haig (/wiki/David_Haig) Kim Bodnia (/wiki/Kim_Bodnia) Sean Delaney (/wiki/Sean_Delaney_(actor)) Nina Sosanya (/wiki/Nina_Sosanya) Edward Bluemel (/wiki/Edward_Bluemel) Henry Lloyd-Hughes (/wiki/Henry_Lloyd-Hughes) Adrian Scarborough (/wiki/Adrian_Scarborough) Adeel Akhtar (/wiki/Adeel_Akhtar) Raj Bajaj Turlough Convery (/wiki/Turlough_Convery) Steve Pemberton (/wiki/Steve_Pemberton) Danny Sapani (/wiki/Danny_Sapani) Harriet Walter (/wiki/Harriet_Walter) Gemma Whelan (/wiki/Gemma_Whelan) Camille Cottin (/wiki/Camille_Cottin) Anjana Vasan (/wiki/Anjana_Vasan) Robert Gilbert Laurentiu Possa Ingvar Sigurdsson (/wiki/Ingvar_Eggert_Sigur%C3%B0sson) Marie-Sophie Ferdane Composers David Holmes (/wiki/David_Holmes_(musician)) Keefus Ciancia (/wiki/Keefus_Ciancia) Country of origin United Kingdom Original language English No. of series 4 No. of episodes 32 ( list of episodes (/wiki/List_of_Killing_Eve_episodes) ) Production Executive producers Sally Gentle Lee Morris Phoebe Waller-Bridge (/wiki/Phoebe_Waller-Bridge) Emerald Fennell (/wiki/Emerald_Fennell) Gina Mingacci Sandra Oh Jodie Comer Damon Thomas Punit Kulkarni Producers Colin Wratten (/wiki/Colin_Wratten) Elinor Day Camera setup Single-camera (/wiki/Single-camera_setup) Running time 40–43 minutes Production companies Sid Gentle Films (/wiki/BBC_Studios) BBC America Original Production (/wiki/BBC_America) Endeavor Content (/wiki/Fifth_Season_(company)) Original release Network BBC America (/wiki/BBC_America) Release 8 April 2018 ( 2018-04-08 ) – 17 April 2022 ( 2022-04-17 ) Killing Eve is a British spy thriller (/wiki/Spy_thriller) television series, produced in the United Kingdom (/wiki/United_Kingdom) by Sid Gentle Films for BBC America (/wiki/BBC_America) and BBC Three (/wiki/BBC_Three_(streaming_service)) . The series follows Eve Polastri (/wiki/Eve_Polastri) ( Sandra Oh (/wiki/Sandra_Oh) ), a British intelligence (/wiki/British_intelligence_agencies) investigator tasked with capturing psychopathic assassin Villanelle (/wiki/Villanelle_(character)) ( Jodie Comer (/wiki/Jodie_Comer) ). As the chase progresses, the two develop a mutual obsession. Based on the Villanelle (/wiki/Codename_Villanelle) novel series by Luke Jennings (/wiki/Luke_Jennings) , each of the show's series is led by a different female head writer (/wiki/Head_writer) . The first series had Phoebe Waller-Bridge (/wiki/Phoebe_Waller-Bridge) as the head writer, the second series Emerald Fennell (/wiki/Emerald_Fennell) , the third series Suzanne Heathcote (/w/index.php?title=Suzanne_Heathcote&action=edit&redlink=1) , and the fourth series Laura Neal (/w/index.php?title=Laura_Neal&action=edit&redlink=1) . The first series premiered on BBC America on 8 April 2018, and on BBC iPlayer (/wiki/BBC_iPlayer) on 15 September 2018 through BBC Three (/wiki/BBC_Three) . The third series premiered on 12 April 2020 for BBC America, and on 13 April 2020 for BBC iPlayer, [3] (#cite_note-3) and concluded on 31 May 2020. The fourth (and final) series [4] (#cite_note-auto4-4) premiered on 27 February 2022 on BBC America, 28 February 2022 on BBC iPlayer and 5 March 2022 on BBC One and concluded on 17 April 2022. [5] (#cite_note-FinalSeason-5) The first two series were critically acclaimed, but the last two series received more mixed reviews. The fourth series, and its final episode in particular, drew significant backlash from critics and audiences. The show broke weekly ratings increase records, and received several accolades, including British Academy Television Award for Best Drama Series (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Award_for_Best_Drama_Series) . Both Oh and Comer were praised for their performances, winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama (/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Actress_%E2%80%93_Television_Series_Drama) and the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series (/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Lead_Actress_in_a_Drama_Series) , respectively. Comer and Fiona Shaw (/wiki/Fiona_Shaw) have also received British Academy Television Awards (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Awards) for their performances. Synopsis [ edit ] In the first series, Eve is bored with her protection role in MI5 and, after brashly investigating the behind-the-scenes of a witness she is handling, she is fired. However, her passion for female assassins later leads to her joining an undercover division within MI6 whose task is to pursue and locate Villanelle, a ruthless international assassin who works for a secret organization called The Twelve. When Eve and Villanelle cross paths they begin a cycle of obsession which leads them away from their individual missions and closer to each other. In the second series, after a violent encounter at the end of series one, Eve and Villanelle resume their obsessive relationship while continuing their separate missions. Eve works to solve kills set by The Twelve while Villanelle continues to kill for The Twelve; however, after a new killer appears on the scene, the focus changes for The Twelve and MI6, as both women are pitted to work with each other. A dangerous mission leads Eve and Villanelle to Rome where their own lives are at stake. The third series picks up six months after the fallout of the mission in Rome. Eve, traumatised by her near-death experience at the hands of Villanelle, quits MI6 and begins living a low-profile existence, whilst Villanelle attempts to discover new ways of earning a living after she stops killing for The Twelve. However, the unexpected arrival of her former Twelve trainer leads Villanelle to question who she really is and if killing is what she's made for, whereas Eve begins looking into The Twelve again after they murder someone close to her, leading both women to cross paths once more. The fourth and final series picks up soon after the third with Eve now desperate for revenge on The Twelve whilst Villanelle is eager to change for Eve. However, due to their different outlooks on their personal missions, Eve and Villanelle begin to clash leading them off into their separate directions but both eventually aiming for the same goal, destroying The Twelve. Cast and characters [ edit ] Main [ edit ] Sandra Oh (/wiki/Sandra_Oh) as Eve Polastri (/wiki/Eve_Polastri) , an analyst with MI5 (/wiki/MI5) who becomes tirelessly preoccupied with a notorious assassin and is recruited on an off-the-books basis to the foreign intelligence agency (/wiki/Intelligence_agency) MI6 (/wiki/MI6) Jodie Comer (/wiki/Jodie_Comer) as Oksana Astankova / Villanelle (/wiki/Villanelle_(character)) , a psychopathic and skilled assassin, who becomes obsessed with the MI6 officer who is tracking her Comer also plays "Jesus Christ" (who appears as Villanelle in drag), with Penny Ashmore as her body double (recurring series 4) Fiona Shaw (/wiki/Fiona_Shaw) as Carolyn Martens, head of the Russia Section at MI6 (/wiki/MI6) Imogen Daines as Young Carolyn / "Janice" (guest series 4) Kim Bodnia (/wiki/Kim_Bodnia) as Konstantin Vasiliev, Villanelle's handler (/wiki/Agent_handling) Louis Bodnia Andersen as Young Konstantin / "Karl" (guest series 4) Owen McDonnell (/wiki/Owen_McDonnell) as Niko Polastri, Eve's English-Polish (/wiki/Poles_in_the_United_Kingdom) husband, a maths teacher and bridge player (series 1–3; guest series 4) Sean Delaney (/wiki/Sean_Delaney_(actor)) as Kenneth "Kenny" Stowton, Carolyn's son, an ex-hacker who has been recruited by MI6. He later becomes a journalist for Bitter Pill. (series 1–3) Darren Boyd (/wiki/Darren_Boyd) as Frank Haleton, Eve's supervisor at MI5 (series 1) David Haig (/wiki/David_Haig) as Bill Pargrave, Eve's MI5 associate who comes with her to MI6 (series 1; guest series 4) Kirby Howell-Baptiste (/wiki/Kirby_Howell-Baptiste) as Elena Felton, Eve's assistant (series 1; guest series 4) Nina Sosanya (/wiki/Nina_Sosanya) as Jess, an experienced MI6 agent now working as a part of Eve's team (series 2) Edward Bluemel (/wiki/Edward_Bluemel) as Hugo Turner, a wealthy Oxford graduate, who is working as a part of Eve's team at MI6 (series 2; recurring series 4) Henry Lloyd-Hughes (/wiki/Henry_Lloyd-Hughes) as Aaron Peel, the heir to a tech company following the assassination of his father, mogul Alistair Peel (series 2) Adrian Scarborough (/wiki/Adrian_Scarborough) as Raymond, a member of the Twelve and one of Villanelle's former handlers (series 2) Adeel Akhtar (/wiki/Adeel_Akhtar) as Martin, the British Intelligence expert on psychopaths (series 2 and 4) Raj Bajaj as Mo Jafari, a new MI6 agent working for Carolyn (series 3) Turlough Convery (/wiki/Turlough_Convery) as Bear, Kenny's colleague at Bitter Pill (series 3) Steve Pemberton (/wiki/Steve_Pemberton) as Paul Bradwell, an MI6 supervisor (series 3) Danny Sapani (/wiki/Danny_Sapani) as Jamie Hayward, Kenny's boss at Bitter Pill (series 3) Harriet Walter (/wiki/Harriet_Walter) as Dasha Duzran, a hard-bitten one-time Olympic gymnast turned spy, Villanelle's former trainer and mentor (series 3) Gemma Whelan (/wiki/Gemma_Whelan) as Geraldine Stowton, Carolyn's daughter and Kenny's older sister (series 3) Camille Cottin (/wiki/Camille_Cottin) as Hélène, a high-ranking member of the Twelve (series 3–4) Anjana Vasan (/wiki/Anjana_Vasan) as Pamela "Pam" Palmeira, Hélène's newest assassin recruit who works at a funeral home (series 4) Robert Gilbert as Yusuf, Eve's associate (series 4) Laurentiu Possa as Vladimir "Vlad" Betkin, Carolyn's Russian associate (series 4; guest series 1) Ingvar Sigurdsson (/wiki/Ingvar_Eggert_Sigur%C3%B0sson) as Lars Meier, a member of the Twelve who has ties with Carolyn (series 4) Siggi Ingvarsson as Young Lars / "Johan" (guest series 4) Marie-Sophie Ferdane as Gunn, a seasoned assassin for the Twelve (series 4) Recurring [ edit ] Sonia Elliman as Madame Tattevin, Villanelle's neighbour at her apartment building in Paris (series 1; guest series 2) Billy Matthews as Dominik Wolanski, a young bridge player (series 1) Olivia Ross as Nadia Kadomtseva, an assassin for the Twelve and Villanelle's former love interest (series 1) Susan Lynch (/wiki/Susan_Lynch) as Anna, Villanelle's former languages teacher and love interest (series 1) Yuli Lagodinsky as Irina Vasilieva, Konstantin's young daughter (series 1, 3–4) Shannon Tarbet (/wiki/Shannon_Tarbet) as Amber Peel, Aaron's sister (series 2) Emma Pierson (/wiki/Emma_Pierson) as Gemma, a teacher colleague of Niko's (series 2) Jung Sun den Hollander as Jin / The Ghost, a rival assassin hired by Aaron (series 2) Ayoola Smart as Audrey, Kenny's girlfriend and a co-worker at Bitter Pill (series 3) Alexandra Roach (/wiki/Alexandra_Roach) as Rhian Bevan, a rival assassin for the Twelve (series 3) Steve Oram (/wiki/Steve_Oram) as Phil, a vicar (series 4) Zindzi Hudson as May, Phil's daughter (series 4) Manpreet Bachu as Elliot Palmeira, Pam's brother and boss at the funeral home (series 4) Anyastassia Melehes as Chloe, Hélène's daughter (series 4) Monica Lopera (/wiki/Monica_Lopera) as Fernanda, Lars' ex-wife and Hélène's ex-lover (series 4) Anna-Maria Everett as Benita, Carolyn's temporary caretaker in Havana, Cuba (series 4) Josh Zaré (/wiki/Josh_Zar%C3%A9) as Darren, a carnival worker who falls for Pam (series 4) Guest [ edit ] Remo Girone (/wiki/Remo_Girone) as Cesare Greco, a target of Villanelle's (series 1) Charlie Hamblett as Sebastian, a neighbour of Villanelle's with whom she begins a friendship (series 1) Edward Akrout (/wiki/Edward_Akrout) as Diego, a know-it-all assassin working with Villanelle (series 1) Ken Nwosu (/wiki/Ken_Nwosu) as Max Sanford (series 1) Julian Barratt (/wiki/Julian_Barratt) as Julian, an older man who lets Villanelle stay with him (series 2) Zoë Wanamaker (/wiki/Zo%C3%AB_Wanamaker) as Helen Jacobsen, a senior British Intelligence official and Carolyn's boss (series 2) Dominic Mafham (/wiki/Dominic_Mafham) as Charles Kruger, the accountant for the Twelve (series 3) Rebecca Saire (/wiki/Rebecca_Saire) as Bertha Kruger, the wife of Charles (series 3) Evgenia Dodina (/wiki/Evgenia_Dodina) as Tatiana, Oksana's mother (series 3) Predrag Bjelac (/wiki/Predrag_Bjelac) as Grigoriy, Tatiana's new husband (series 3) Production [ edit ] Sally Woodward Gentle, of Sid Gentle Films, optioned Luke Jennings (/wiki/Luke_Jennings) 's Codename Villanelle (/wiki/Codename_Villanelle) in 2014, saying that "the notion of a female assassin was not unique", but that Jennings's take was "fresh, intelligent and tonally much bolder than others", adding that she was particularly interested because "It wasn't exploitative. We really enjoyed the character of Villanelle and the inventiveness of her kills, but we were particularly engaged with the mutual obsession between the women". [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) Jennings's story began as a four-part novella published between 2014 and 2016. Following the stage success of Fleabag (/wiki/Fleabag) , Phoebe Waller-Bridge (/wiki/Phoebe_Waller-Bridge) was recruited to write the show, which was then commissioned by BBC America (/wiki/BBC_America) in November 2016. [7] (#cite_note-Greenlight-7) Casting [ edit ] Sandra Oh plays Eve Polastri Jodie Comer plays Villanelle Sandra Oh (/wiki/Sandra_Oh) was the first to be cast in June 2017, as the title character Eve Polastri, [8] (#cite_note-8) and IMG (/wiki/IMG_(company)) agreed distribution rights later that month. [9] (#cite_note-auto-9) Oh reportedly was confused over which character she would be playing when she first received a breakdown, thinking that she would not have the option to audition for the young assassin and not even considering the lead. Later her agents informed her that she would be reading for the role of Eve. [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) For the role of Villanelle, the production considered over 100 actresses [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) before Jodie Comer (/wiki/Jodie_Comer) was cast, about a month after Oh. [10] (#cite_note-10) Sally Woodward Gentle told Backstage (/wiki/Backstage_(magazine)) that the production "didn't want Villanelle to be like Nikita (/wiki/La_Femme_Nikita_(film)) or The Girl With the Dragon Tattoo (/wiki/The_Girl_With_the_Dragon_Tattoo) —that male fantasy version of what a woman who'd come for them might look like. We wanted her to be able to disappear into a crowd". [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) Comer's first audition involved acting out the kitchen scene from " I Have a Thing About Bathrooms (/wiki/I_Have_a_Thing_About_Bathrooms) " with Oh, where the two clicked. [6] (#cite_note-:1-6) Initially, Waller-Bridge considered casting herself as either Eve or Villanelle, but discarded this idea as she wanted a larger age gap between the leads. [11] (#cite_note-:0-11) Kirby Howell-Baptiste (/wiki/Kirby_Howell-Baptiste) was cast as Elena in August 2017. [12] (#cite_note-auto1-12) In August 2019, Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) announced that Harriet Walter (/wiki/Harriet_Walter) and Danny Sapani (/wiki/Danny_Sapani) had joined the cast for the third series. [13] (#cite_note-13) More cast additions were revealed in November, including Gemma Whelan (/wiki/Gemma_Whelan) , Predrag Bjelac (/wiki/Predrag_Bjelac) , Camille Cottin (/wiki/Camille_Cottin) , Steve Pemberton (/wiki/Steve_Pemberton) , Raj Bajaj, Turlough Convery (/wiki/Turlough_Convery) , and Evgenia Dodina (/wiki/Evgenia_Dodina) . [14] (#cite_note-14) Filming [ edit ] Filming for the first series began on 17 July 2017 in Tuscany (/wiki/Tuscany) , extending to further locations in Paris, Berlin, Bucharest, [15] (#cite_note-15) Cheshunt (/wiki/Cheshunt) , Turville (/wiki/Turville) , London [16] (#cite_note-16) and West London Film Studios (/wiki/West_London_Film_Studios) . The Viennese Cafe opening scenes were shot at Bar Garibaldi in Colle di Val d'Elsa (/wiki/Colle_di_Val_d%27Elsa) , a small hilltop town north west of Siena (/wiki/Siena) , Tuscany. The building used as Eve's base is in Warwick House Street, just off Trafalgar Square (/wiki/Trafalgar_Square) . [17] (#cite_note-17) In the London pub scene, the external shot shows The Albert pub in Victoria Street; the interiors were of the dark-panelled Old Nick in Sandland Street. In episode three, Villanelle lures David Haig (/wiki/David_Haig) 's character Bill Pargrave into tailing her out of Berlin Friedrichstraße station (/wiki/Berlin_Friedrichstra%C3%9Fe_station) and along a neighbouring Berlin tramway street before entering a busy nightclub, the location of which was Fabric (/wiki/Fabric_(club)) , opposite London's Smithfield Market (/wiki/Smithfield_Market) . Bucharest's neoclassical Romanian Athenaeum (/wiki/Romanian_Athenaeum) concert hall was converted into a decadent café for the penultimate Moscow scene. Filming also took place at Nell's Café, a popular roadside café off the A2 near Gravesend (/wiki/Gravesend) in Kent (/wiki/Kent) , as well as at the nearby M2 motorway. [18] (#cite_note-18) Filming also took place at the Radcliffe Camera (/wiki/Radcliffe_Camera) in Oxford (/wiki/Oxford) and production concluded on 15 December 2017. Production for the second series began on 16 July 2018 and concluded on 14 December. [19] (#cite_note-19) Filming for the third series began in August 2019, [20] (#cite_note-20) Filming locations included Viscri (/wiki/Bune%C8%99ti,_Bra%C8%99ov) and Comandău (/wiki/Comand%C4%83u) in Romania. [21] (#cite_note-21) Additionally, several locations were used in Barcelona (/wiki/Barcelona) , Spain, [22] (#cite_note-22) among them the Arc de Triomf (/wiki/Arc_de_Triomf) on Passeig de Lluís Companys (/wiki/Passeig_de_Llu%C3%ADs_Companys) and the Port Vell Aerial Tramway (/wiki/Port_Vell_Aerial_Tramway) . The interior of Villanelle's Barcelona apartment was shot inside the Casa Ramos (/w/index.php?title=Casa_Ramos&action=edit&redlink=1) [ ca (https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cases_Ramos) ] , a noted Modernista (/wiki/Modernisme) apartment block in the Plaça de Lesseps (/wiki/Pla%C3%A7a_de_Lesseps) which was designed in 1906 by the architect Jaume Torres i Grau (/w/index.php?title=Jaume_Torres_i_Grau&action=edit&redlink=1) [ ca (https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaume_Torres_i_Grau) ] . Production for the third series ended in January 2020 in London. Filming for the fourth and final series began on 7 June 2021 [23] (#cite_note-23) and ended on 6 November 2021. Margate (/wiki/Margate) in Kent (/wiki/Kent) features throughout Episodes four to seven, with filming taking place on the beach, various streets, Dreamland (/wiki/Dreamland_Margate) , the Nayland Rock Hotel and Sands Café. [24] (#cite_note-24) Music [ edit ] The band Unloved (/wiki/Unloved_(band)) , featuring Jade Vincent, Keefus Ciancia (/wiki/Keefus_Ciancia) , and David Holmes (/wiki/David_Holmes_(musician)) , were commissioned to score the series. [25] (#cite_note-25) Renewal [ edit ] Shortly before its premiere, Killing Eve was renewed for a second series. [26] (#cite_note-26) [27] (#cite_note-27) Luke Jennings's sequel, Killing Eve: No Tomorrow (/wiki/Killing_Eve:_No_Tomorrow) , was published in March 2019, shortly before the second-series premiere; [28] (#cite_note-MarieClaire_20190407-28) the book is said to diverge from the television series, but also to "share common DNA" because of Jennings's continued collaboration with the creators. [28] (#cite_note-MarieClaire_20190407-28) In July 2018, The Hollywood Reporter (/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter) reported that Waller-Bridge delegated some responsibility for the second series, hiring Emerald Fennell (/wiki/Emerald_Fennell) as head writer, and Lisa Brühlmann (/w/index.php?title=Lisa_Br%C3%BChlmann&action=edit&redlink=1) and Francesca Gregorini (/wiki/Francesca_Gregorini) as directors. [29] (#cite_note-HollywoodReporter20180727-29) Less than twelve hours after the premiere of the second series, BBC America renewed the series for a third. Suzanne Heathcote served as showrunner (/wiki/Showrunner) , [30] (#cite_note-auto5-30) so that each new season of Killing Eve brought on a new female showrunner. [31] (#cite_note-NYTimes_20190526-31) On 3 January 2020, Killing Eve was renewed for a fourth series ahead of the premiere of the third series. [4] (#cite_note-auto4-4) On 20 February, Laura Neal was announced as the head writer as well as an executive producer of the fourth series. [32] (#cite_note-32) In March 2021, it was confirmed that the fourth series would be its last. [5] (#cite_note-FinalSeason-5) Episodes and broadcast [ edit ] Main article: List of Killing Eve episodes (/wiki/List_of_Killing_Eve_episodes) Series of Killing Eve Series Episodes Originally aired First aired Last aired 1 (/wiki/List_of_Killing_Eve_episodes#Series_1_(2018)) 8 8 April 2018 ( 2018-04-08 ) 27 May 2018 ( 2018-05-27 ) 2 (/wiki/List_of_Killing_Eve_episodes#Series_2_(2019)) 8 7 April 2019 ( 2019-04-07 ) 26 May 2019 ( 2019-05-26 ) 3 (/wiki/List_of_Killing_Eve_episodes#Series_3_(2020)) 8 12 April 2020 ( 2020-04-12 ) 31 May 2020 ( 2020-05-31 ) 4 (/wiki/List_of_Killing_Eve_episodes#Series_4_(2022)) 8 27 February 2022 ( 2022-02-27 ) 10 April 2022 ( 2022-04-10 ) In the United Kingdom, the series was shown on BBC One (/wiki/BBC_One) in September 2018 and as stream-only on BBC Three (/wiki/BBC_Three_(online)) . [33] (#cite_note-33) The first episode was broadcast on 15 September 2018, [34] (#cite_note-34) and seen by 8.25 million viewers within the first twenty-eight days. [35] (#cite_note-35) [36] (#cite_note-auto3-36) The second series was released in its entirety on BBC iPlayer (/wiki/BBC_iPlayer) on 8 June 2019, with its first episode being shown on BBC One the same day. [37] (#cite_note-37) [36] (#cite_note-auto3-36) The third series was released 6 am every Monday from 13 April 2020 on BBC iPlayer. Irish broadcaster RTÉ2 (/wiki/RT%C3%892) was the first broadcaster in Europe to premiere the show, [38] (#cite_note-38) with the first episode broadcast to 76,000 viewers on 27 August 2018. [39] (#cite_note-39) The final series will premiere on 1 March 2022 on RTÉ One (/wiki/RT%C3%89_One) . In New Zealand, second-series episodes premiered two days before their US broadcast on TVNZ Ondemand (/wiki/TVNZ_Ondemand) . [40] (#cite_note-40) Episodes will air on TVNZ 2 (/wiki/TVNZ_2) the same day as the US broadcast. [ citation needed ] The second series began broadcasting on 7 April 2019, shown concurrently in the United States by both BBC America (/wiki/BBC_America) and AMC (/wiki/AMC_(TV_channel)) . [41] (#cite_note-ThreeJoinCastSeason2-41) In Canada, the series debuted on 22 July 2018 on Bravo! (/wiki/Bravo!_(Canada)) [42] (#cite_note-42) The series continues to be broadcast on the channel which is now branded as CTV Drama Channel (/wiki/CTV_Drama_Channel) . It is also available on the Canadian streaming network Crave (/wiki/Crave_(streaming_service)) . On 14 February 2020, it was announced that the third series would premiere on 26 April 2020; [43] (#cite_note-43) however, the premiere date was later moved up to 12 April 2020. [44] (#cite_note-44) Themes [ edit ] Intertwined characterisations [ edit ] In The New Yorker, Jia Tolentino (/wiki/Jia_Tolentino) characterised both Polastri and Villanelle as "deeply strange" and possessed of a "wild, unlikely interior weirdness and flux", writing that it seemed equally possible that they "could team up, or try to kill each other, or fall into bed". [45] (#cite_note-NewYorker20180527-45) Judy Berman wrote in The New York Times that Agent Polastri tracks assassin Villanelle not as hero and villain but as "two broken women whose flaws bind them together in a twisted pas de deux ". [46] (#cite_note-NYTimes20180525-46) Villanelle is romantically interested in women and, as Willa Paskin wrote in Slate , is captivated by Polastri perhaps in part because of a "shared brusqueness". [47] (#cite_note-Slate20180410-47) Despite being enemies professionally, both characters are professional, childless women, [48] (#cite_note-Vulture20180627-48) "hard-working, ambitious, and slightly obsessive", [49] (#cite_note-NYTimes20180405-49) whose respective worlds "betrayed and deceived them at every turn". [50] (#cite_note-Salon20180526-50) Melanie McFarland wrote in Slate that they are "two of a kind" and "can trust in each other's constancy", [50] (#cite_note-Salon20180526-50) with Priscilla Frak writing in The Huffington Post that both women are "fueled by a volatile cocktail of ambition, curiosity and morbid adoration". [51] (#cite_note-HuffPost20180412-51) Angelica Jade Bastién (/wiki/Angelica_Jade_Basti%C3%A9n) wrote in Vulture that, with Eve, Villanelle "feels something beyond (the) crushing boredom" she normally experiences, while Eve looks at Villanelle as "an escape into feminine excess". [52] (#cite_note-Vulture_20190529-52) Perceiving "mirror-image similarities between them, for the good and the bad", executive director Emerald Fennell posited the question, "What does it look like when a psychopath starts to learn how to feel things, and when a woman who's incredibly empathetic and intuitive starts to lose those parts of herself?" [53] (#cite_note-EW20190221-53) Fennell (/wiki/Emerald_Fennell) also said that the Eve and Villanelle relationship will always be the core of the show, [54] (#cite_note-Variety20190209-54) in accordance with the perception of BBC reviewer Caryn James who wrote that the "series' true allure is the deeply complicated love-hate dynamic between those two characters", [55] (#cite_note-BBC_S2Review_20190408-55) NPR's reviewer Terry Gross' view that the character dynamic "sets Killing Eve apart from other thrillers", [56] (#cite_note-NPR_20190513-56) and a Dan Snierson review in Entertainment Weekly that the series portrays "TV's most mesmerizing, twisted relationship". [53] (#cite_note-EW20190221-53) Contrast, conflict and attraction [ edit ] Jia Tolentino wrote in The New Yorker that the "amoral" Villanelle's existence is "saturated with pleasure", in contrast to Eve's career as a "bored security-state functionary". [45] (#cite_note-NewYorker20180527-45) Series writer Phoebe Waller-Bridge (/wiki/Phoebe_Waller-Bridge) explained that Polastri has a "sense of self-consciousness and guilt" that cripples her – a perfect counterpoint to Villanelle, who, as Ashley Boucher noted in TheWrap, only does things that might bring joy. [57] (#cite_note-Wrap20180530-57) Hanh Nguyen wrote in IndieWire that, even when Villanelle invades her home Eve "can't quite capture who Villanelle is as a person" since the assassin always seems to be a few steps ahead, and that Polastri, possessed of a "frustrating attraction", "keeps banging her head on the enigmatic wall that is Villanelle". [58] (#cite_note-IndieWire20180506-58) Melanie McFarland wrote in Salon that, though Villanelle has the opportunity to kill Polastri during the break-in, forces within Villanelle – despite having been "raised to kill without guilt or concern" – compel her to want Polastri alive. [50] (#cite_note-Salon20180526-50) Angelica Jade Bastién wrote in Vulture that, after Villanelle manipulates Polastri into committing a brutal murder, the women are "finally stripped of their proxies, and the electric tension between them is laid bare". [52] (#cite_note-Vulture_20190529-52) Sandra Oh described Polastri's ultimately misguided belief that she is "special" enough to control Villanelle, that they have a "special" connection, but — upon telling Villanelle that Villanelle doesn't know what love is — learns otherwise: Villanelle shoots her, a counterpoint to Eve having stabbed Villanelle earlier. [59] (#cite_note-EW_20190526-59) Villanelle had later reflected on Polastri's having stabbed her, "Sometimes when you love someone, you will do crazy things". [60] (#cite_note-NYTimes_20190404-60) Social, thematic and creative context [ edit ] See also: Eve Polastri § Social, thematic and creative context (/wiki/Eve_Polastri#Social,_thematic_and_creative_context) ; and Villanelle (character) § Social, thematic and creative context (/wiki/Villanelle_(character)#Social,_thematic_and_creative_context) Conspicuously, both protagonist and antagonist are women — a rarity in cat-and-mouse thrillers. [47] (#cite_note-Slate20180410-47) [48] (#cite_note-Vulture20180627-48) BBC America president Sarah Barnett commented that "there is a marvelous sea change (/wiki/Sea_change_(idiom)) happening where we are profoundly shifting away from an invisible, unconscious assumption that the big stories have men at the center, and anything else is a subset of that". [61] (#cite_note-Variety201804-61) Matt Zoller Seitz noted in Vulture that, even in contrast to films such as Silence of the Lambs (/wiki/The_Silence_of_the_Lambs_(film)) and Hannibal (/wiki/Hannibal_(2001_film)) in which one lead character is female, the conflict between Polastri and Villanelle is more equal despite the fact one entered as "an MI5 (/wiki/MI5) paper-pusher" and the other as an experienced assassin. [48] (#cite_note-Vulture20180627-48) Along similar lines, Melanie McFarland wrote in Salon that most feminist narratives are framed in terms of a male-female dynamic, but Polastri and Villanelle explore "patriarchy's impact on the already delicate complexities of female relationships": though sisterhood is powerful, "it's also complicated and devoid of guarantees" and "can be false and a trap". [50] (#cite_note-Salon20180526-50) Ben Goldberg wrote in Into that the relationship between Polastri and Villanelle — "often sexual, at times romantic, and occasionally vengeful" — "resists simple categorization". [62] (#cite_note-IntoMore20180702-62) Their mutual affectation suggests an alternative lifestyle, the couple performing an "elaborate dance, edging closer to one other while always being just slightly out of reach". [62] (#cite_note-IntoMore20180702-62) The characters’ mutual interest is "rooted in a desire of an unknown — a life away from the men that presently structure their lives". [62] (#cite_note-IntoMore20180702-62) Relationships and sexuality [ edit ] Showrunner (/wiki/Showrunner) -writer Phoebe Waller-Bridge (/wiki/Phoebe_Waller-Bridge) remarked that the characters "give each other life in a way that's more complex than a romantic relationship. It's sexual, it's intellectual, it's aspirational." [46] (#cite_note-NYTimes20180525-46) Along these lines, Melanie McFarland wrote in Salon that the show's "careful awareness of the love languages of fashion, music and setting all play roles in strengthening (the audience's) affair" with the characters. [50] (#cite_note-Salon20180526-50) Hannah Giorgis wrote in The Atlantic that its "greatest success" is how alluring it makes Villanelle to an intelligence agent dedicated to tracking her down. [63] (#cite_note-Atlantic20180528-63) Calling Killing Eve a "sexually charged female-buddy-comedy espionage nailbiter", Jenna Scherer wrote in Rolling Stone that the actresses "share a crackling chemistry, one that situates them in a gray realm between bitter enemies and would-be lovers". [64] (#cite_note-RollingStone20180514-64) Shannon Liao noted in The Verge that "some say that demanding physical expressions of sexuality or other concrete confirmations of queer (/wiki/Queer) relationships... can erase subtler, more complex relationships", and that this pair's mutual obsession "ventures into homoerotic (/wiki/Homoeroticism) territory" without explicit physical consummation. [65] (#cite_note-Verge20180529-65) Accordingly, the show has largely escaped criticisms of "age-old issues dealing with LGBTQ (/wiki/LGBTQ) representation on-screen, like queerbaiting (/wiki/Queerbaiting) or male-fantasy lesbianism", with Liao concluding that " Killing Eve is one of the only shows pushing the envelope in the espionage genre on race, gender, and sexuality". [65] (#cite_note-Verge20180529-65) Natalie Adler wrote in BuzzFeed News that the show is about " femme (/wiki/Femme) power, femme cruelty, femme treachery—an explicitly queer (/wiki/Queer) power, one that doesn't suffer cis (/wiki/Cisgender) men". [66] (#cite_note-BuzzFeedNews_20190524-66) Kate Arthur wrote in Buzzfeed News that this relationship "has never before existed between women on television: a queer will-they-or-won't-they romance in which one suitor is an admitted psychopath". [67] (#cite_note-Buzzfeed_20190404-67) Portrayals [ edit ] Main articles: Eve Polastri § Portrayal (/wiki/Eve_Polastri#Portrayal) , and Villanelle (character) § Portrayal (/wiki/Villanelle_(character)#Portrayal) Jia Tolentino wrote in The New Yorker that the "women are deeply strange, forming a collective study in improbable contrasts, strung together by each actor's charisma". [45] (#cite_note-NewYorker20180527-45) Matt Zoller Seitz wrote in Vulture that Oh's performance as Polastri actually makes Villanelle's character feel more plausible – as "an incarnation of Eve's sublimated aggression and assertiveness". [48] (#cite_note-Vulture20180627-48) Though Jia Tolentino wrote in The New Yorker that Villanelle's character "works" because of Comer's "mercurial, unassailable charisma", [45] (#cite_note-NewYorker20180527-45) and Willa Paskin wrote in Slate that Comer's Villanelle (twisted and conscienceless but also irrepressible) is "flat-out incredible" [47] (#cite_note-Slate20180410-47) and Mike Hale agreed in The New York Times that Comer is good in that "showier part". Hale added that it is Ms. Oh who ensures the series is "more than a cute gloss on the glamorous international caper." [49] (#cite_note-NYTimes20180405-49) Fashion [ edit ] A pink tulle dress worn in the first-series episode " I'll Deal with Him Later (/wiki/I%27ll_Deal_with_Him_Later) ", designed by Molly Goddard (/wiki/Molly_Goddard) , was heralded as a "fashion moment" [68] (#cite_note-grazia-68) that inspired the dresses worn on red carpets in the subsequent awards season, including an overwhelming showing of pink at the 91st Academy Awards (/wiki/91st_Academy_Awards) ceremony in 2019. [69] (#cite_note-69) [70] (#cite_note-70) [71] (#cite_note-71) [72] (#cite_note-72) The show has had three costume designers (/wiki/Costume_designer) : Phoebe de Gaye for the first series, Charlotte Mitchell for the second, and Sam Perry for the third. [73] (#cite_note-review-73) [74] (#cite_note-74) Villanelle [ edit ] The character Villanelle's relationship to fashion has been described by many people. Gilly Ferguson of Grazia (/wiki/Grazia) says that she has become a "style icon". [75] (#cite_note-75) Luke Jennings (/wiki/Luke_Jennings) , author of the book series on which the show is based, says that "Clothes reflect her status and independence[...] She doesn't have to conform or please anyone's gaze"; Charlotte Mitchell agrees that "She plays by her own rules". [73] (#cite_note-review-73) Sonia Saraiya of Vanity Fair (/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)) considers Villanelle's outfits "their own subplot"; she notes that the character choosing to live in Paris (/wiki/Paris) is also a nod to the emphasis on fashion in the show. [76] (#cite_note-VF-76) Melania Hidalgo of The Cut (/wiki/New_York_(magazine)#Digital) writes that "Villanelle reverses the style of a typical femme fatale, wearing everyday basics on her missions while saving the choicest items in her wardrobe for her days off"; [77] (#cite_note-thecut-77) in reference to a specific outfit, Steff Yotka of Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) says that Villanelle has "redefined the look of an international assassin story" by subverting classic tactical gear and sleekness. [78] (#cite_note-yotka-78) Mitchell also said of Villanelle that she "uses color to provoke reactions", pointing to the pink Molly Goddard dress. [73] (#cite_note-review-73) Eve Polastri [ edit ] Considered Villanelle's fashion foil (/wiki/Foil_(literature)) by Entertainment Weekly (/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly) , Eve Polastri has been described as considering fashion "trivial" and not bothering to dress well. Jennings suggested that even if she cared, "she'd be hopeless at it"; Mitchell and de Gaye crafted outfits that match Eve's practical attitude, with Mitchell saying that she "wears elastic waists [because] she doesn't have time to do up a button fly". [73] (#cite_note-review-73) Other choices include more clothes made of linen (/wiki/Linen) to more easily appear dishevelled. [73] (#cite_note-review-73) Eve is allowed some moments of being well-dressed, however, which are significant to the plot, including trying on dresses that Villanelle has chosen for her in her own stolen suitcase. [76] (#cite_note-VF-76) Reception [ edit ] Critical response [ edit ] Critical response to Killing Eve Series Rotten Tomatoes (/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes) Metacritic (/wiki/Metacritic) 1 96% (155 reviews) [79] (#cite_note-rt-s1-79) 83 (22 reviews) [80] (#cite_note-MC1-80) 2 92% (164 reviews) [81] (#cite_note-rt-s2-81) 86 (22 reviews) [82] (#cite_note-MC2-82) 3 80% (159 reviews) [83] (#cite_note-rt-s3-83) 63 (16 reviews) [84] (#cite_note-MC3-84) 4 53% (94 reviews) [85] (#cite_note-rt-s4-85) 55 (14 reviews) [86] (#cite_note-MC4-86) Series 1 [ edit ] On Rotten Tomatoes (/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes) , the first series has an approval rating of 96% based on 155 reviews, with an average rating of 8.3/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Seductive and surprising, Killing Eve ' s twist on the spy vs. spy concept rewards viewers with an audaciously entertaining show that finally makes good use of Sandra Oh's talents." [79] (#cite_note-rt-s1-79) On Metacritic (/wiki/Metacritic) , it has a weighted average score of 83 out of 100 based on 22 critics, indicating "universal acclaim". [80] (#cite_note-MC1-80) Jenna Scherer, writing in Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) , described Killing Eve as "hilarious, bloody, unclassifiable" and idiosyncratic, "a stylish story of obsession and psychopathy (/wiki/Psychopathy) that's disarmingly warm and lived-in". [64] (#cite_note-RollingStone20180514-64) Scherer went on to write that the show "undermines every rule of TV", with what it does best being its "dry wit, razor-wire tension, sex appeal and the looming threat of violence". [64] (#cite_note-RollingStone20180514-64) Hanh Nguyen wrote on IndieWire (/wiki/IndieWire) that one of the show's most appealing aspects is "how it subverts expectation", allowing it to "constantly surprise and delight". [58] (#cite_note-IndieWire20180506-58) Troy Patterson wrote in The New Yorker (/wiki/The_New_Yorker) that the story discloses "a life independent of genre conventions" and that the triumph of the show's style is its "reconciliation of the outlandish and the intimate", adding that the " Jason Bourne (/wiki/Jason_Bourne) -style escapism of the bare premise, inflected by the assertively odd tone, yields fresh depictions of fear and grief". [87] (#cite_note-NewYorker20180427-87) In the context of Vulture (/wiki/New_York_(magazine)#Digital) ' s selection of Sandra Oh as the best actress on television (June 2018), Matt Zoller Seitz (/wiki/Matt_Zoller_Seitz) wrote that there was "no precedent" for the "wild extremes" of the show's "comedy and thriller elements". [48] (#cite_note-Vulture20180627-48) While Mike Hale acknowledged in The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) that "scenes and characterizations play out differently than we're used to" and the comic style is distinctive, he also wrote – in contrast to most reviewers – of being "just as conscious of (the show's) congruences with standard examples of the genre ... as ... of the differences", citing Berlin Station (/wiki/Berlin_Station_(TV_series)) , La Femme Nikita (/wiki/La_Femme_Nikita_(TV_series)) , Covert Affairs (/wiki/Covert_Affairs) and Homeland (/wiki/Homeland_(TV_series)) . [49] (#cite_note-NYTimes20180405-49) Scherer described the show as a feminine take on a traditionally masculine genre—"more interested in giving space to character beats and the weird chaos that can leak into the best-laid plans". [64] (#cite_note-RollingStone20180514-64) Similarly, Melanie McFarland wrote for Salon (/wiki/Salon_(website)) that Killing Eve has been dubbed a "feminist thriller", calling it a "perfect show for the # MeToo era (/wiki/Me_Too_movement) ", saying that it " slakes (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/slake) one's desire to see piggish misogynists get what's coming to them" but also delves into complex trust issues among women and shows "sisterhood's might and peril (as) powerful ... but ... also complicated and devoid of guarantees". [50] (#cite_note-Salon20180526-50) Along the same lines, Willa Paskin wrote in Slate (/wiki/Slate_(magazine)) that Killing Eve is a story about "the literal dangers of underestimating women: of not seeing the woman who can kill you, underestimating the woman who can stop her". [47] (#cite_note-Slate20180410-47) Paskin added that "The disfigured, beating heart of Killing Eve is the way that Villanelle's gender and manner, her very femininity, keep our acculturated brains from being appropriately terrified of her". [47] (#cite_note-Slate20180410-47) Jia Tolentino acknowledged in The New Yorker how critics have noted that women characters are substituted for men "in every meaningful part", that the men are "formulaic" but the women are "deeply strange". [45] (#cite_note-NewYorker20180527-45) However, Tolentino asserted that Killing Eve "isn't shaped around the concept of women; it's shaped around these women, who are unlike any others in their wild, unlikely interior weirdness and flux". [45] (#cite_note-NewYorker20180527-45) She added that a defining feature of the show is its "constant reversals in tone and rhythm", with the show's thrill coming "from pattern rather than resolution". [45] (#cite_note-NewYorker20180527-45) Ben Goldberg wrote in Into that the series "never outright explains its characters' sexualities, but unlike shows that queerbait (/wiki/Queerbaiting) their audiences, Killing Eve does not need to name the relationship between Eve and Villanelle in order to recognize it", adding that the show "does not shy away from its characters' sexual attraction but also complicates this narrative at every turn". [62] (#cite_note-IntoMore20180702-62) Hannah Giorgis wrote in The Atlantic (/wiki/The_Atlantic) that the show's greatest success is "how alluring it makes its villain: to both Eve ... and audiences", and that Villanelle's character subverts feminine stereotypes so as to "carve a jagged space into the serial-killer canon (/wiki/Canon_(basic_principle)) ". [63] (#cite_note-Atlantic20180528-63) Series 2 [ edit ] On Rotten Tomatoes, the second series has an approval rating of 92% based on 164 reviews, with an average rating of 8.15/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "With the titillating cat-and-mouse game still rooted at its core, Killing Eve returns for an enthralling second season of considerably higher stakes, hilariously dark humor and a captivating dynamic between characters, solidifying its position as one of the best spy thrillers out." [81] (#cite_note-rt-s2-81) On Metacritic, it has a weighted average score of 86 out of 100 based on 22 critics, indicating "universal acclaim". [82] (#cite_note-MC2-82) Chitra Ramaswamy wrote in The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) that the show "uproots the tired old sexist tropes (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/trope) of spy thrillers then repots them as feminist in-jokes, patriarchal piss-takes, tasteless murders and blooms of sapphic (/wiki/Sapphic_love) chemistry". [88] (#cite_note-Guardian_20181012-88) Describing how Villanelle "does what she always does—exploit society's misogyny (/wiki/Misogyny) by imitating a victim of it"—Emily Nussbaum wrote in The New Yorker that the potent idea that undergirds the show is that "femininity is itself a sort of sociopathy (/wiki/Psychopathy#Sociopathy) , whose performance, if you truly nail it, might be the source of ultimate power". [89] (#cite_note-NewYorker_20190422-89) Angelica Jade Bastién wrote in Vulture (/wiki/New_York_(magazine)) that the second season, with new showrunner Emerald Fennell, "trades in the precise mordant wit of series creator Phoebe Waller-Bridge for something more garish and horrifying", further describing the "wild consumption" of food and clothing "that builds into the closest thing the show has come to a genuine sex scene between" the two women. [52] (#cite_note-Vulture_20190529-52) Bastién also perceived that " Killing Eve is deeply indebted to film noir (/wiki/Film_noir) , a genre whose backbone is the ways people lose their soul in the face of desire—...but it's a noir operating at the tenor of a fairy tale". [52] (#cite_note-Vulture_20190529-52) Series 3 [ edit ] On Rotten Tomatoes, the third series has an approval rating of 80% based on 159 reviews, with an average rating of 6.75/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "If Killing Eve ' s third season doesn't cut quite as deep, it's still a fiendishly delightful showcase for Jodie Comer and Sandra Oh's killer chemistry." [83] (#cite_note-rt-s3-83) On Metacritic, it has a weighted average score of 63 out of 100 based on 16 critics, indicating "generally favourable reviews". [84] (#cite_note-MC3-84) Series 4 [ edit ] On Rotten Tomatoes, the fourth series has an approval rating of 53% based on 94 reviews, with an average rating of 6.3/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Villanelle's found religion in Killing Eve ' s climactic season, but this series has spun its wheels for so long that the thrill is gone." [85] (#cite_note-rt-s4-85) On Metacritic, it has a weighted average score of 55 out of 100 based on 14 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". [86] (#cite_note-MC4-86) The series's ending received a backlash from its fanbase and critics, who called it unsatisfying and cruel. [90] (#cite_note-90) [91] (#cite_note-91) The finale was accused of perpetuating the "Bury Your Gays" trope; killing a queer main character moments after she achieved happiness, with no real contextual reason for the death. [92] (#cite_note-92) The episode was quickly added to ‘worst TV finale’ lists. [93] (#cite_note-93) Jennings, in an article for The Guardian , consoled upset fans, deeming the ending 'a bowing to convention'. [94] (#cite_note-94) Other accusations of homophobia, present throughout the season, included the religious-themed redemption arc for Villanelle, as well as the overall treatment of the relationship between Eve and Villanelle. [95] (#cite_note-95) [96] (#cite_note-96) A series of comments made by Sally Woodward Gentle and showrunner Laura Neal in post-season interviews had referred to the controversial death scene as a sort of "rebirth" for the surviving main character, allowing her to return to a "normal life". [97] (#cite_note-97) Comer and Oh defended the ending with Comer saying the death of Villanelle was “inevitable”. Oh said, “Villanelle had to die to bring the show to an end point. Honestly at the beginning of 2020 when discussing the finale it was the other way around, but through the pandemic we changed tracks. Villanelle goes onto more ethereal realms. And Eve is left to survive.” [98] (#cite_note-98) Originally Eve was going to die instead of Villanelle. Oh said she had suggested Eve should die and told series writer Laura Neal that the demise of her character "would be the strongest and the most interesting" conclusion. She was eventually told, "We can't do it. We need to change it… Eve needs to live." [99] (#cite_note-99) Comer and Oh did not believe a happy ending was possible for their characters. In 2019 when asked about Eve and Villanelle having a happy ending Oh said, "I think the idea of living happily ever after and running away with each other, I think the happily is the only problem along with living." [100] (#cite_note-100) Prior to filming, and during the George Floyd protests (/wiki/George_Floyd_protests) and the resulting re-examining of race relations worldwide, series four generated an earlier backlash when Kayleigh Llewellyn tweeted a screenshot of a Zoom call with the other writers. This led to criticism of the lack of diversity in the writer's room, given one of the programme's leads, Eve Polastri, is an Asian woman. [101] (#cite_note-101) Woodward Gentle later responded, stating, "You look at that room and it's full of brilliant female writers, we've got a really strong LGBTQ contingent, but it's not good enough and we need to do better." [102] (#cite_note-102) "Best of" lists [ edit ] Review aggregator Metacritic (/wiki/Metacritic) reported in early December 2018 that more individual television critics included Killing Eve in their 2018 year-end Top Ten lists than any other show. [103] (#cite_note-Metacritic20181204-103) In November 2018, Killing Eve was chosen as Time (/wiki/Time_(magazine)) magazine's Best Show of 2018, the magazine's Judy Berman writing that "the characters were multidimensional but incomplete, their mutual obsession fueled by the sense that each woman had something crucial the other lacked". [104] (#cite_note-TIME20181115-104) It was number three on The New York Post (/wiki/New_York_Post) 's Decider.com "Best TV Shows of 2018" list, being praised for "brilliant writing" and "nuanced performances". [105] (#cite_note-Decider20181126-105) It was also second on the "25 Best TV Shows of 2018" list from Paste magazine (/wiki/Paste_(magazine)) , which labelled it as "the best new series of the year". [106] (#cite_note-Paste20181127-106) In December 2018, The Guardian named Killing Eve the best TV show of 2018, describing it as a "high-wire act of misdirection that subverted stale genre expectations" and saying that it "mix[es] genres – spy thriller, comedy, action film, workplace drama and... farce – without it collapsing into a tonal mess". [107] (#cite_note-Guardian20181220-107) The New York Times included Killing Eve in its "Best TV Shows of 2018" list, stating that the series was "infused ... with the brio (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/brio) of a dark comedy, though its hour length marked it as crime drama". [108] (#cite_note-NYTimes20181203-108) The New York Times also included Oh's and Comer's performances in its list of "Best Performances of 2018", noting "these two women are inventive about how to be funny in a thriller" and "make run-of-the mill embarrassment seem more lethal than any bullet". [109] (#cite_note-NYTimesBest20181207-109) NPR (/wiki/NPR) included the show on its list of "Favorite TV Shows of 2018", saying that it may be "the strangest—and most compelling—story of how opposites attract on TV this year". [110] (#cite_note-NPR20181217-110) The Washington Post (/wiki/The_Washington_Post) listed Killing Eve as the third best show of 2018, calling the "sleeper hit... splendidly paced". [111] (#cite_note-WashPost20181227-111) USA Today (/wiki/USA_Today) listed the show at fifth place on its "Best TV Shows of 2018" list, remarking that it "completely surprises you, from its writing to its performances to its direction to the names on the poster". [112] (#cite_note-USAToday20181206-112) New York (/wiki/New_York_(magazine)) magazine's pop culture website Vulture (/wiki/Vulture_(blog)) included the series as number seven on Jen Chaney's "10 Best TV Shows of 2018" list, remarking on its immediate and escalating "sense of propulsive daring" and its infusion of "feminine energy". [113] (#cite_note-Vulture20181206-113) TV Guide (/wiki/TV_Guide) named Oh's and Comer's performances as the second best TV performance of 2018, and said that the show "ended up on pretty much everyone's Best of 2018 lists". [114] (#cite_note-TVguide20181203-114) Vanity Fair (/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)) listed the show at second place on its "Best TV Shows of 2018" list, saying that "watching Killing Eve is like spraying a disinfectant for the musty tropes of prestige drama directly onto your brain" and inviting viewers to "come for the black comedy; stay for the fashion". [115] (#cite_note-VanityFair20181204-115) Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) named the show as the fourth best TV show of 2018, describing it as "exciting and scary while making room for the quippy dialogue and smart observations about how women interact". [116] (#cite_note-RollingStone20181204-116) IndieWire (/wiki/IndieWire) listed Killing Eve as the fourth best new TV show of 2018, saying that "exploring identity and dark desires, the series never met an impulse it didn't pursue to its extreme", and that "outrageous and often off-kilter dark humor only highlights the show's transgressive charms". [117] (#cite_note-IndieWire20181206-117) Livingly Media (/wiki/Zimbio) listed the series as the third best TV show of 2018, saying it is "loaded with quippy dialogue and razor-sharp observations about how women interact in increasingly destructive environments". [118] (#cite_note-Zimbio20181210-118) Mashable (/wiki/Mashable) rated the show number four on its "Best New TV Shows of 2018" list, praising the two lead actors and commenting that the show was "exactly the weird, psychosexual romp (that) 2018 needed". [119] (#cite_note-Mashable20181205-119) In September 2019, The Guardian ranked Killing Eve 30th on its list of the 100 best TV shows of the 21st century, stating that "few shows in TV history have scythed on to the screen with as much elan (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%C3%A9lan) ". [120] (#cite_note-Guardian_20190926-120) In December 2019, The New York Times named the show as 9th on its Best International TV Shows of the Decade, characterising it as "a riff on the romantic spy thriller that can be darkly funny one moment and devastating the next". [121] (#cite_note-NYTimes_20191220-121) Ratings [ edit ] The first series had unbroken weekly ratings growth among adults aged 25–54 and 18–49, which no other television show had accomplished in more than a decade. [122] (#cite_note-BroadwayWorld20180601-122) The final episode's 1.25 million viewers (Nielsen live+3) was 86 per cent greater than for the premiere. [122] (#cite_note-BroadwayWorld20180601-122) The second series was simulcast on both AMC and BBC America, with its premiere drawing a combined total of 1.17 million viewers. When the first episode of the second series was shown on BBC One it had 3.5 million viewers taking a 21% audience share. [123] (#cite_note-123) Killing Eve : U.S. viewers per episode (thousands) Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator (https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334940) and on MediaWiki.org (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Graph/Plans) . Season Episode number Average 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 423 371 388 503 518 537 485 701 491 2 403 321 361 459 454 402 419 367 398 3 443 342 334 380 419 340 357 393 376 4 435 341 300 337 194 273 354 354 324 Audience measurement performed by Nielsen Media Research (/wiki/Nielsen_Media_Research) [124] (#cite_note-124) Accolades [ edit ] Award nominations for Killing Eve Award Year Category Nominee(s) Result Ref. American Cinema Editors Awards (/wiki/American_Cinema_Editors_Awards) 2019 (/wiki/American_Cinema_Editors_Awards_2019) Best Edited Drama Series for Commercial Television (/wiki/American_Cinema_Editors_Award_for_Best_Edited_Drama_Series_for_Commercial_Television) Gary Dollner Won [125] (#cite_note-125) 2021 (/wiki/American_Cinema_Editors_Awards_2021) Best Edited Drama Series for Commercial Television Dan Crinnion (for "Still Got It") Nominated [126] (#cite_note-126) American Society of Cinematographers Awards (/wiki/American_Society_of_Cinematographers_Awards) 2021 (/wiki/2020_American_Society_of_Cinematographers_Awards) Outstanding Achievement in Cinematography in an Episode of a One-Hour Television Series – Commercial (/wiki/American_Society_of_Cinematographers_Award_for_Outstanding_Achievement_in_Cinematography_in_Regular_Series) Carlos Catalán (for "Meetings Have Biscuits") Nominated [127] (#cite_note-127) Art Directors Guild Awards (/wiki/Art_Directors_Guild_Awards) 2021 (/wiki/Art_Directors_Guild_Awards_2020) Excellence in Production Design for a One-Hour Contemporary Single-Camera Series (/wiki/Art_Directors_Guild_Award_for_Excellence_in_Production_Design_for_a_One-Hour_Contemporary_Single-Camera_Series) Laurence Dorman (for "Are You from Pinner?") Nominated [128] (#cite_note-128) British Academy Television Awards (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Awards) 2019 (/wiki/2019_British_Academy_Television_Awards) Best Drama Series (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Award_for_Best_Drama_Series) Killing Eve Won [129] (#cite_note-BBC20190328-129) [130] (#cite_note-Telegraph_20190512-130) Best Leading Actress (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Award_for_Best_Actress) Jodie Comer Won Sandra Oh Nominated Best Supporting Actor (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Award_for_Best_Supporting_Actor) Kim Bodnia (/wiki/Kim_Bodnia) Nominated Best Supporting Actress (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Award_for_Best_Supporting_Actress) Fiona Shaw (/wiki/Fiona_Shaw) Won Must-See TV Moment Eve stabs Villanelle Nominated 2020 (/wiki/2020_British_Academy_Television_Awards) Best Leading Actress Jodie Comer Nominated [131] (#cite_note-BAFTA2020-131) 2021 (/wiki/2021_British_Academy_Television_Awards) Jodie Comer Nominated [132] (#cite_note-132) British Academy Television Craft Awards (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Craft_Awards) 2019 (/wiki/2019_British_Academy_Television_Craft_Awards) Best Writer: Drama (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Craft_Award_for_Best_Writer:_Drama) Phoebe Waller-Bridge Nominated [133] (#cite_note-Variety20190327-133) Best Costume Design (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Craft_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design) Phoebe De Gaye Nominated Best Director: Fiction (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Craft_Award_for_Best_Director:_Fiction) Harry Bradbeer (/wiki/Harry_Bradbeer) (episode 1) Nominated Best Editing: Fiction (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Craft_Award_for_Best_Editing:_Fiction) Garry Dollner (episode 1) Nominated Best Original Music (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Craft_Award_for_Best_Original_Music) David Holmes, Keefus Ciancia Won Best Photography and Lighting: Fiction (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Craft_Award_for_Best_Photography_%26_Lighting:_Fiction) Julian Court (episode 7) Nominated Best Production Design (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Craft_Award_for_Best_Production_Design) Kristian Milsted Nominated Best Sound: Fiction (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Craft_Award_for_Best_Sound:_Fiction) Sound team Won Best Titles and Graphic Identity (/wiki/British_Academy_Television_Craft_Award_for_Best_Titles_%26_Graphic_Identity) Matt Willey (/wiki/Matt_Willey) Nominated 2020 (/wiki/2020_British_Academy_Television_Craft_Awards) Best Editing: Fiction Dan Crinnion (for "Episode 4") Nominated [131] (#cite_note-BAFTA2020-131) Best Original Music David Holmes and Keefus Ciancia Nominated Best Production Design Laurence Dorman and Linda Wilson Nominated British Society of Cinematographers Awards (/wiki/British_Society_of_Cinematographers) 2018 Best Cinematography in a Television Drama (/wiki/British_Society_of_Cinematographers_Award_for_Best_Cinematography_in_a_Television_Drama) Julian Court (for "I Don't Want to Be Free") Nominated [134] (#cite_note-134) Costume Designers Guild Awards (/wiki/Costume_Designers_Guild_Awards) 2020 (/wiki/Costume_Designers_Guild_Awards_2019) Excellence in Contemporary Television (/wiki/Costume_Designers_Guild_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design_%E2%80%93_Contemporary_TV_Series) Charlotte Mitchell (for "Desperate Times") Nominated [135] (#cite_note-135) Critics' Choice Television Awards (/wiki/Critics%27_Choice_Television_Awards) 2019 (/wiki/24th_Critics%27_Choice_Awards) Best Actress in a Drama Series (/wiki/Critics%27_Choice_Television_Award_for_Best_Actress_in_a_Drama_Series) Jodie Comer Nominated [136] (#cite_note-Variety20181210-136) Sandra Oh Won Best Drama Series (/wiki/Critics%27_Choice_Television_Award_for_Best_Drama_Series) Killing Eve Nominated 2020 (/wiki/25th_Critics%27_Choice_Awards) Best Actress in a Drama Series Jodie Comer Nominated [137] (#cite_note-HollywoodRep_20191208-137) GLAAD Media Awards (/wiki/GLAAD_Media_Awards) 2020 (/wiki/31st_GLAAD_Media_Awards) Outstanding Drama Series (/wiki/GLAAD_Media_Award_for_Outstanding_Drama_Series) Killing Eve Nominated [138] (#cite_note-138) 2021 (/wiki/32nd_GLAAD_Media_Awards) Outstanding Drama Series Killing Eve Nominated [139] (#cite_note-139) Golden Globe Awards (/wiki/Golden_Globe_Awards) 2019 (/wiki/76th_Golden_Globe_Awards) Best Actress – Television Series Drama (/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Actress_%E2%80%93_Television_Series_Drama) Sandra Oh Won [140] (#cite_note-EW20181206-140) Best Television Series – Drama (/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Television_Series_%E2%80%93_Drama) Killing Eve Nominated 2020 (/wiki/77th_Golden_Globe_Awards) Best Actress – Television Series Drama Jodie Comer Nominated [141] (#cite_note-141) Best Television Series – Drama Killing Eve Nominated 2021 (/wiki/78th_Golden_Globe_Awards) Best Actress – Television Series Drama Jodie Comer Nominated [142] (#cite_note-142) Gotham Awards (/wiki/Gotham_Awards) 2018 (/wiki/Gotham_Independent_Film_Awards_2018) Breakthrough Series – Long Form (/wiki/Gotham_Independent_Film_Award_for_Breakthrough_Series_%E2%80%93_Long_Form) Killing Eve Won [143] (#cite_note-Variety20181126-143) Gracie Awards (/wiki/Gracie_Awards) 2019 Actress in a Leading Role – Drama Sandra Oh Won [144] (#cite_note-Gracies2019-144) Drama Killing Eve Won Hollywood Critics Association TV Awards (/wiki/Hollywood_Critics_Association_TV_Awards) 2022 (/wiki/2nd_Hollywood_Critics_Association_TV_Awards) Best Actress in a Broadcast Network or Cable Series, Drama Jodie Comer Nominated [145] (#cite_note-145) Sandra Oh Nominated Location Managers Guild Awards (/wiki/Location_Managers_Guild_Awards) 2019 Outstanding Locations in Contemporary Television Casper Mills Nominated [146] (#cite_note-146) [147] (#cite_note-147) 2020 Outstanding Locations in Contemporary Television Jamie Parsons, Jordi Utset, Lucian Asan Won [148] (#cite_note-148) Make-Up Artists and Hair Stylists Guild Awards (/wiki/Make-Up_Artists_and_Hair_Stylists_Guild_Awards) 2021 (/wiki/Make-Up_Artists_and_Hair_Stylists_Guild_Awards_2020) Best Contemporary Make-Up (/wiki/Make-Up_Artists_and_Hair_Stylists_Guild_Award_for_Best_Contemporary_Makeup_in_a_Motion_Picture_Made_for_Television_or_Special) Juliette Tomes and Amy Brand (series 3) Nominated [149] (#cite_note-149) MTV Movie & TV Awards (/wiki/MTV_Movie_%26_TV_Awards) 2021 (/wiki/2021_MTV_Movie_%26_TV_Awards) Best Kiss (/wiki/MTV_Movie_Award_for_Best_Kiss) Jodie Comer and Sandra Oh Nominated [150] (#cite_note-150) National Television Awards (/wiki/National_Television_Awards) 2019 (/wiki/24th_National_Television_Awards) Best New Drama Series Killing Eve Nominated [151] (#cite_note-ntanomsannounced-151) Outstanding Drama Performance Jodie Comer Nominated Peabody Awards (/wiki/Peabody_Award) 2019 Entertainment Killing Eve Won [152] (#cite_note-HollywoodReporter20190409-152) [153] (#cite_note-BroadwayWorld20190418-153) People's Choice Awards (/wiki/People%27s_Choice_Awards) 2018 (/wiki/44th_People%27s_Choice_Awards) The Bingeworthy Show of 2018 Killing Eve Nominated [154] (#cite_note-154) Primetime Emmy Awards (/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Awards) 2018 (/wiki/70th_Primetime_Emmy_Awards) Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series (/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Lead_Actress_in_a_Drama_Series) Sandra Oh (for " I Have a Thing About Bathrooms (/wiki/I_Have_a_Thing_About_Bathrooms) ") Nominated [155] (#cite_note-155) Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series (/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Writing_for_a_Drama_Series) Phoebe Waller-Bridge (/wiki/Phoebe_Waller-Bridge) (for " Nice Face (/wiki/Nice_Face) ") Nominated 2019 (/wiki/71st_Primetime_Emmy_Awards) Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series (/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Directing_for_a_Drama_Series) Lisa Brühlmann (for "Desperate Times") Nominated [156] (#cite_note-ATAS_20190716-156) [157] (#cite_note-Vox_20190922-157) Outstanding Drama Series (/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Drama_Series) Sally Woodward Gentle, Lee Morris, Phoebe Waller-Bridge, Emerald Fennell, Gina Mingacci, Damon Thomas, Francesca Gardiner, Sandra Oh, Elinor Day, Morenike Williams and Andy Noble Nominated Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series Jodie Comer (for "I Hope You Like Missionary!") Won Sandra Oh (for "You're Mine") Nominated Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series (/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Supporting_Actress_in_a_Drama_Series) Fiona Shaw (for "Nice and Neat") Nominated Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series Emerald Fennell (for "Nice and Neat") Nominated 2020 (/wiki/72nd_Primetime_Emmy_Awards) Outstanding Drama Series Sally Woodward Gentle, Lee Morris, Phoebe Waller-Bridge, Gina Mingacci, Sandra Oh, Damon Thomas, Suzanne Heathcote, Jeff Melvoin, Lynn Horsford and Nige Watson Nominated [158] (#cite_note-Emmys2020-158) [159] (#cite_note-159) Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series Jodie Comer (for "Are You From Pinner?") Nominated Sandra Oh (for "Are You Leading or Am I?") Nominated Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series Fiona Shaw (for "Management Sucks") Nominated 2022 (/wiki/74th_Primetime_Emmy_Awards) Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series Jodie Comer (for "Don't Get Eaten") Nominated [160] (#cite_note-160) Sandra Oh (for "Making Dead Things Look Nice") Nominated Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards (/wiki/Primetime_Creative_Arts_Emmy_Awards) 2019 (/wiki/71st_Primetime_Creative_Arts_Emmy_Awards) Outstanding Casting for a Drama Series (/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Casting_for_a_Drama_Series) Suzanne Crowley and Gilly Poole Nominated [156] (#cite_note-ATAS_20190716-156) Outstanding Production Design for a Narrative Contemporary Program (One Hour or More) (/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Production_Design_for_a_Narrative_Contemporary_Program_(One_Hour_or_More)) Laurence Dorman, Beckie Harvey and Linda Wilson (for "The Hungry Caterpillar") Nominated Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Drama Series (/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Single-Camera_Picture_Editing_for_a_Drama_Series) Dan Crinnion (for "Desperate Times") Nominated 2020 (/wiki/72nd_Primetime_Creative_Arts_Emmy_Awards) Outstanding Casting for a Drama Series Suzanne Crowley and Gilly Poole Nominated [158] (#cite_note-Emmys2020-158) Outstanding Contemporary Costumes (/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Contemporary_Costumes) Katie Broome, Sam Perry and Justin Selway (for "Are You from Pinner?") Nominated Outstanding Music Supervision (/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Music_Supervision) Catherine Grieves and David Holmes ("Meetings Have Biscuits") Nominated Outstanding Production Design for a Narrative Contemporary Program (One Hour or More) Laurence Dorman, Beckie Harvey and Casey Williams (for "Are You From Pinner?") Nominated Royal Television Society Awards (/wiki/Royal_Television_Society_Programme_Awards) 2019 Drama Series Killing Eve Nominated [161] (#cite_note-161) Actor: Female Jodie Comer Won Sandra Oh Nominated Royal Television Society Craft & Design Awards (/wiki/Royal_Television_Society_Craft_%26_Design_Awards) 2019 Design - Titles Matt Willey Won [162] (#cite_note-162) Editing - Drama Gary Dollner Nominated Production Design - Drama Kristian Milsted Nominated Satellite Awards (/wiki/Satellite_Awards) 2019 (/wiki/23rd_Satellite_Awards) Best Actress in a Drama / Genre Series (/wiki/Satellite_Award_for_Best_Actress_%E2%80%93_Television_Series_Drama) Sandra Oh Nominated [163] (#cite_note-163) 2020 (/wiki/24th_Satellite_Awards) Best Television Series – Drama (/wiki/Satellite_Award_for_Best_Television_Series_%E2%80%93_Drama) Killing Eve Nominated [164] (#cite_note-164) Best Actress in a Drama / Genre Series Jodie Comer Nominated Sandra Oh Nominated 2021 (/wiki/25th_Satellite_Awards) Best Television Series – Drama Killing Eve Nominated [165] (#cite_note-165) Best Actress in a Drama / Genre Series Sandra Oh Nominated Saturn Awards (/wiki/Saturn_Awards) 2019 (/wiki/45th_Saturn_Awards) Best Action-Thriller Television Series Killing Eve Nominated [166] (#cite_note-166) Best Actress in a Television Series Sandra Oh Nominated Screen Actors Guild Awards (/wiki/Screen_Actors_Guild_Awards) 2019 (/wiki/25th_Screen_Actors_Guild_Awards) Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series (/wiki/Screen_Actors_Guild_Award_for_Outstanding_Performance_by_a_Female_Actor_in_a_Drama_Series) Sandra Oh Won [167] (#cite_note-CNN20181212-167) [168] (#cite_note-SAGrecipients_2019-168) 2020 (/wiki/26th_Screen_Actors_Guild_Awards) Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series Jodie Comer Nominated [169] (#cite_note-169) Television Critics Association Awards (/wiki/TCA_Awards) 2018 (/wiki/34th_TCA_Awards) Individual Achievement in Drama (/wiki/TCA_Award_for_Individual_Achievement_in_Drama) Jodie Comer Nominated [170] (#cite_note-170) Sandra Oh Nominated Outstanding Achievement in Drama (/wiki/TCA_Award_for_Outstanding_Achievement_in_Drama) Killing Eve Nominated Outstanding New Program (/wiki/TCA_Award_for_Outstanding_New_Program) Killing Eve Won Program of the Year (/wiki/TCA_Award_for_Program_of_the_Year) Killing Eve Nominated 2019 (/wiki/35th_TCA_Awards) Individual Achievement in Drama Jodie Comer Nominated [171] (#cite_note-Vulture_20190619-171) Outstanding Achievement in Drama Killing Eve Nominated Spin-off [ edit ] In March 2021, Sid Gentle Films confirmed that Killing Eve would conclude with its fourth series. Additionally, the development of a potential, unnamed, spin-off series was being considered. [5] (#cite_note-FinalSeason-5) In April 2022, it was confirmed that a spin-off focusing on Carolyn Martens's early life at MI6 was in the early stages of development. [172] (#cite_note-172) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b Nicholson, Rebecca (15 September 2018). " (https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2018/sep/15/the-cast-of-killing-eve-on-phoebe-waller-bridge-psycho-killer-thriller) 'It's anarchic': the cast of Killing Eve on Phoebe Waller-Bridge's killer thriller" (https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2018/sep/15/the-cast-of-killing-eve-on-phoebe-waller-bridge-psycho-killer-thriller) . The Guardian . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190310012420/https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2018/sep/15/the-cast-of-killing-eve-on-phoebe-waller-bridge-psycho-killer-thriller) from the original on 10 March 2019 . Retrieved 27 April 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Waterson, Jim (7 April 2019). "Killing Eve fans in UK may have to wait months to watch season two" (https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2019/apr/07/killing-eve-bbc-america-uk-no-date-set) . The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190503094639/https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2019/apr/07/killing-eve-bbc-america-uk-no-date-set) from the original on 3 May 2019 . Retrieved 1 May 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Herbert, Tom (30 March 2020). "When is Killing Eve 3 released in the UK?" (https://www.standard.co.uk/stayingin/kiling-eve-season-three-cast-release-date-uk-a4325946.html) . Evening Standard UK . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200421192720/https://www.standard.co.uk/stayingin/kiling-eve-season-three-cast-release-date-uk-a4325946.html) from the original on 21 April 2020 . Retrieved 17 April 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b Snierson, Dan (3 January 2020). "Killing Eve renewed for season 4" (https://ew.com/tv/2020/01/03/killing-eve-renewed-season-4/) . Entertainment Weekly . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200104180211/https://ew.com/tv/2020/01/03/killing-eve-renewed-season-4/) from the original on 4 January 2020 . Retrieved 3 January 2020 . ^ Jump up to: a b c White, Peter (16 March 2021). " (https://deadline.com/2021/03/killing-eve-ending-season-4-2022-bbc-america-spinoffs-1234715107/) 'Killing Eve' To End With Season 4 In 2022, BBC America Developing A Number Of Potential Spinoffs" (https://deadline.com/2021/03/killing-eve-ending-season-4-2022-bbc-america-spinoffs-1234715107/) . Deadline . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220715215555/https://deadline.com/2021/03/killing-eve-ending-season-4-2022-bbc-america-spinoffs-1234715107/) from the original on 15 July 2022 . Retrieved 16 March 2021 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Wood, Jennifer M (11 September 2018). "15 Thrilling Facts About Killing Eve" (http://mentalfloss.com/article/556632/facts-about-killing-eve-sandra-oh) . Mental Floss (/wiki/Mental_Floss) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191102154240/http://mentalfloss.com/article/556632/facts-about-killing-eve-sandra-oh) from the original on 2 November 2019 . Retrieved 2 November 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-Greenlight_7-0) Petski, Denise (15 November 2016). "BBC America Greenlights Dark Thriller Series (https://deadline.com/2016/11/bbc-america-dark-thriller-series-killing-eve-from-fleabag-creator-1201854674/) Killing Eve From (https://deadline.com/2016/11/bbc-america-dark-thriller-series-killing-eve-from-fleabag-creator-1201854674/) Fleabag Creator" (https://deadline.com/2016/11/bbc-america-dark-thriller-series-killing-eve-from-fleabag-creator-1201854674/) . Deadline Hollywood . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200528091420/https://deadline.com/2016/11/bbc-america-dark-thriller-series-killing-eve-from-fleabag-creator-1201854674/) from the original on 28 May 2020 . Retrieved 17 April 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Sandra Oh Cast in New BBC America Series (http://www.bbcamerica.com/anglophenia/2017/06/sandra-oh-cast-in-new-bbc-america-series-killing-eve) Killing Eve " (http://www.bbcamerica.com/anglophenia/2017/06/sandra-oh-cast-in-new-bbc-america-series-killing-eve) . BBC America (/wiki/BBC_America) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180829011039/http://www.bbcamerica.com/anglophenia/2017/06/sandra-oh-cast-in-new-bbc-america-series-killing-eve) from the original on 29 August 2018 . Retrieved 8 April 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-auto_9-0) Lodderhose, Diana (21 June 2017). "IMG Boards BBC America's (https://deadline.com/2017/06/img-boards-bbc-america-killing-eve-sandra-oh-phoebe-waller-bridge-fleabag-sid-gentle-films-1202117349/) Killing Eve With Sandra Oh" (https://deadline.com/2017/06/img-boards-bbc-america-killing-eve-sandra-oh-phoebe-waller-bridge-fleabag-sid-gentle-films-1202117349/) . Deadline Hollywood . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200528091508/https://deadline.com/2017/06/img-boards-bbc-america-killing-eve-sandra-oh-phoebe-waller-bridge-fleabag-sid-gentle-films-1202117349/) from the original on 28 May 2020 . Retrieved 17 April 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Jodie Comer Cast Opposite Sandra Oh in BBC America's (http://www.bbcamerica.com/anglophenia/2017/06/jodie-comer-cast-opposite-sandra-oh-in-bbc-americas-killing-eve) Killing Eve " (http://www.bbcamerica.com/anglophenia/2017/06/jodie-comer-cast-opposite-sandra-oh-in-bbc-americas-killing-eve) . BBC America . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180722053621/http://www.bbcamerica.com/anglophenia/2017/06/jodie-comer-cast-opposite-sandra-oh-in-bbc-americas-killing-eve) from the original on 22 July 2018 . Retrieved 8 April 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-:0_11-0) Abbott, Kate (2 July 2019). "Phoebe Waller-Bridge to be murdered by Villanelle in Killing Eve 3" (https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2019/jul/01/phoebe-waller-bridge-to-be-murdered-by-villanelle-in-killing-eve-3) . The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190703003517/https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2019/jul/01/phoebe-waller-bridge-to-be-murdered-by-villanelle-in-killing-eve-3) from the original on 3 July 2019 . Retrieved 3 October 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-auto1_12-0) Petski, Denise (29 August 2017). " (https://deadline.com/2017/08/killing-eve-kirby-howell-baptiste-cast-series-regular-bbc-america-1202157977/) Killing Eve : Kirby Howell-Baptiste Cast As Series Regular in BBC America Drama" (https://deadline.com/2017/08/killing-eve-kirby-howell-baptiste-cast-series-regular-bbc-america-1202157977/) . Deadline Hollywood . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200528091305/https://deadline.com/2017/08/killing-eve-kirby-howell-baptiste-cast-series-regular-bbc-america-1202157977/) from the original on 28 May 2020 . Retrieved 17 April 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Petski, Denise (19 August 2019). " (https://deadline.com/2019/08/killing-eve-harriet-walter-danny-sapani-cast-production-begins-season-3-1202671178/) Killing Eve : Harriet Walter & Danny Sapani Join Cast As Production Begins On Season 3" (https://deadline.com/2019/08/killing-eve-harriet-walter-danny-sapani-cast-production-begins-season-3-1202671178/) . Deadline . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190819180505/https://deadline.com/2019/08/killing-eve-harriet-walter-danny-sapani-cast-production-begins-season-3-1202671178/) from the original on 19 August 2019 . Retrieved 20 August 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Snierson, Dan (7 November 2019). "Killing Eve adds Game of Thrones, Harry Potter actors to season 3 cast" (https://ew.com/tv/2019/11/07/killing-eve-season-3-cast-game-of-thrones-harry-potter/) . Entertainment Weekly (/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200329095018/https://ew.com/tv/2019/11/07/killing-eve-season-3-cast-game-of-thrones-harry-potter/) from the original on 29 March 2020 . Retrieved 8 November 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Clarke, Stewart (4 April 2018). "Phoebe Waller-Bridge Twists the Spy Genre With BBC America's Thriller 'Killing Eve' (https://variety.com/2018/tv/features/phoebe-waller-bridge-sandra-oh-killing-eve-1202742904/) " (https://variety.com/2018/tv/features/phoebe-waller-bridge-sandra-oh-killing-eve-1202742904/) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180828042519/https://variety.com/2018/tv/features/phoebe-waller-bridge-sandra-oh-killing-eve-1202742904/) from the original on 28 August 2018 . Retrieved 28 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "BBC America's New Thriller (http://www.bbcamerica.com/anglophenia/2017/08/bbc-americas-new-thriller-killing-eve-starts-filming-in-europe) Killing Eve Starts Filming in Europe" (http://www.bbcamerica.com/anglophenia/2017/08/bbc-americas-new-thriller-killing-eve-starts-filming-in-europe) . BBC America . 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BBC (/wiki/BBC) . 7 April 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201011095450/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/mediapacks/killing-eve-3/sandra) from the original on 11 October 2020 . Retrieved 8 April 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "BBC – Jodie Comer (Villanelle) – Media Centre" (https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/mediapacks/killing-eve-3/jodie) . BBC (/wiki/BBC) . 7 April 2020. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20201009124600/https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/mediapacks/killing-eve-3/jodie) from the original on 9 October 2020 . Retrieved 8 April 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Killing Eve season 4: Jodie Comer makes filming announcement 'I've ordered my taxi!' (https://www.express.co.uk/showbiz/tv-radio/1446223/Killing-Eve-season-4-start-date-release-Jodie-Comer-filming-announcement-tomorrow-BAFTA/amp) " (https://www.express.co.uk/showbiz/tv-radio/1446223/Killing-Eve-season-4-start-date-release-Jodie-Comer-filming-announcement-tomorrow-BAFTA/amp) . Express . 6 June 2021. 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"Emmys 2022: The Complete Nominations List" (https://variety.com/2022/tv/awards/emmys-nominations-list-2022-1235313788/) . Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220712160603/https://variety.com/2022/tv/awards/emmys-nominations-list-2022-1235313788/) from the original on 12 July 2022 . Retrieved 13 July 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-161) "RTS Programme Awards 2019 in partnership with Audio Network" (https://rts.org.uk/award/rts-programme-awards-2019-partnership-audio-network) . Royal Television Society . 2 October 2018. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230320212353/https://rts.org.uk/award/rts-programme-awards-2019-partnership-audio-network) from the original on 20 March 2023 . Retrieved 27 February 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-162) "CRAFT & DESIGN AWARDS 2019" (https://rts.org.uk/award/craft-design-awards-2019) . Royal Television Society (/wiki/Royal_Television_Society) . 24 May 2019. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230317231317/https://rts.org.uk/award/craft-design-awards-2019) from the original on 17 March 2023 . Retrieved 7 March 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-163) "2018 Nominees" (https://web.archive.org/web/20181129183902/http://www.pressacademy.com/2018-nominees/) . International Press Academy . 28 November 2018. Archived from the original (http://www.pressacademy.com/2018-nominees/) on 29 November 2018 . Retrieved 2 December 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-164) Peterson, Karen M. (3 December 2019). "24th Satellite Awards Announce Nominations, (https://web.archive.org/web/20191209160436/https://www.awardscircuit.com/2019/12/03/24th-satellite-awards-announce-nominations-ford-v-ferrari-leads-the-way/) Ford v Ferrari Leads the Way" (https://web.archive.org/web/20191209160436/https://www.awardscircuit.com/2019/12/03/24th-satellite-awards-announce-nominations-ford-v-ferrari-leads-the-way/) . AwardsCircuit . Archived from the original (https://www.awardscircuit.com/2019/12/03/24th-satellite-awards-announce-nominations-ford-v-ferrari-leads-the-way/) on 9 December 2019 . Retrieved 21 December 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-165) Van Blaricom, Mirjana (1 February 2021). "25th Satellite Awards Nominees for Motion Pictures and Television Announced" (https://www.pressacademy.com/news/25th-satellite-awards-nominees-for-motion-pictures-and-television-announced/) . International Press Academy (/wiki/International_Press_Academy) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210425122636/https://www.pressacademy.com/news/25th-satellite-awards-nominees-for-motion-pictures-and-television-announced/) from the original on 25 April 2021 . Retrieved 1 February 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-166) Mancuso, Vinnie (16 July 2019). " (https://collider.com/saturn-awards-nominations-2019/) 'Avengers: Endgame', 'Game of Thrones' Lead the 2019 Saturn Awards Nominations" (https://collider.com/saturn-awards-nominations-2019/) . Collider . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190716042350/http://collider.com/saturn-awards-nominations-2019/) from the original on 16 July 2019 . Retrieved 17 July 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-CNN20181212_167-0) France, Lisa Respers France (12 December 2018). "SAG Awards 2019: See if your faves got nominated" (https://www.cnn.com/2018/12/12/entertainment/sag-awards-2019/index.html) . CNN . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20181212163711/https://www.cnn.com/2018/12/12/entertainment/sag-awards-2019/index.html) from the original on 12 December 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-SAGrecipients_2019_168-0) "The 25th Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards / Nominees and Recipients / Television" (https://www.sagawards.org/nominees/nominees-and-recipients/25th-annual-screen-actors-guild-awards) . SAGawards.com . (Screen Actors Guild). January 2019. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190910151451/https://www.sagawards.org/nominees/nominees-and-recipients/25th-annual-screen-actors-guild-awards) from the original on 10 September 2019. (Click on "Television" tab.) ^ (#cite_ref-169) "NOMINATIONS ANNOUNCED FOR THE 26TH ANNUAL SCREEN ACTORS GUILD AWARDS" (https://www.sagawards.org/media/news/releases/nominations-announced-26th-annual-screen-actors-guild-awards-%C2%AE) . 11 December 2019. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20191212024926/https://www.sagawards.org/media/news/releases/nominations-announced-26th-annual-screen-actors-guild-awards-%C2%AE) from the original on 12 December 2019 . Retrieved 11 December 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-170) Nemetz, Dave (19 June 2018). "TCA Awards: Killing Eve, Americans, Atlanta, Good Place Lead Nominations" (https://tvline.com/2018/06/19/tca-awards-2018-nominations-killing-eve-the-americans-atlanta/) . TVLine . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20180704164332/https://tvline.com/2018/06/19/tca-awards-2018-nominations-killing-eve-the-americans-atlanta/) from the original on 4 July 2018 . Retrieved 19 June 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-Vulture_20190619_171-0) McHenry, Jackson (19 June 2019). " (https://www.vulture.com/2019/06/pose-and-russian-doll-lead-the-tca-award-nominations-2019.html) Pose and (https://www.vulture.com/2019/06/pose-and-russian-doll-lead-the-tca-award-nominations-2019.html) Russian Doll Lead the TV Critics Association Award Nominations" (https://www.vulture.com/2019/06/pose-and-russian-doll-lead-the-tca-award-nominations-2019.html) . Vulture ( New York magazine (/wiki/New_York_(magazine)) ) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20190619172706/https://www.vulture.com/2019/06/pose-and-russian-doll-lead-the-tca-award-nominations-2019.html) from the original on 19 June 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-172) Whittock, Jesse (6 April 2022). " (https://deadline.com/2022/04/killing-eve-spin-off-on-spymaster-carolyn-martens-in-development-bbc-america-amc-networks-1234995490/) 'Killing Eve' Spin-Off Focused On Spymaster Carolyn Martens In Development At BBC America And AMC Networks" (https://deadline.com/2022/04/killing-eve-spin-off-on-spymaster-carolyn-martens-in-development-bbc-america-amc-networks-1234995490/) . Deadline . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20220406084435/https://deadline.com/2022/04/killing-eve-spin-off-on-spymaster-carolyn-martens-in-development-bbc-america-amc-networks-1234995490/) from the original on 6 April 2022 . Retrieved 6 April 2022 . External links [ edit ] Killing Eve at BBC Online (/wiki/BBC_Online) Killing Eve at BBC America (/wiki/BBC_America) Killing Eve at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Jennings, Luke (5 August 2018). "Killing Eve: how my psycho killer was brought to life" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180805085355/https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2018/aug/05/killing-eve-how-my-psycho-killer-was-brought-to-life-luke-jennings) . The Guardian . Archived from the original (https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2018/aug/05/killing-eve-how-my-psycho-killer-was-brought-to-life-luke-jennings) on 5 August 2018. Garvan, Sinead (8 July 2020). "Killing Eve's Villanelle: 'She needed adventures made' (https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-53108144) " (https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-53108144) . BBC News . Retrieved 8 July 2020 . v t e Killing Eve Episodes (/wiki/List_of_Killing_Eve_episodes) " Nice Face (/wiki/Nice_Face) " " I'll Deal with Him Later (/wiki/I%27ll_Deal_with_Him_Later) " " Don't I Know You? 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English fashion designer Gina Fratini Born Georgina Caroline Eve Butler ( 1931-09-22 ) 22 September 1931 Kobe (/wiki/Kobe) , Japan Died 25 May 2017 (2017-05-25) (aged 85) [1] (#cite_note-Times-1) London, England Occupation Fashion designer Gina Fratini (born Georgina Caroline Eve Butler , 22 September 1931 – 25 May 2017) was a Japanese-born British fashion designer. [2] (#cite_note-Toledo_Blade_Sheppard-2) Early life [ edit ] She was born in Kobe (/wiki/Kobe) , Japan, the daughter of the Hon. Somerset Butler (son of Charles Ernest Alfred French Somerset Butler, 7th Earl of Carrick (/wiki/Earl_of_Carrick_(Ireland)) ) and his wife Barbara, and spent most of her childhood in India. Her godfather was Sir Victor Sassoon (/wiki/Victor_Sassoon) . [2] (#cite_note-Toledo_Blade_Sheppard-2) On her return to the UK, she studied at the Royal College of Arts (/wiki/Royal_College_of_Arts) . Career [ edit ] She set up her own business in 1964 and became one of the top British designers of the early 1970s, winning the Dress of the Year (/wiki/Dress_of_the_Year) Award in 1975; some of her garments from the period are held in the Victoria & Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_%26_Albert_Museum) 's costume collection. [3] (#cite_note-3) Among the top personalities who wore Fratini designs was Elizabeth Taylor (/wiki/Elizabeth_Taylor) , who wore a Fratini wedding dress for her second wedding to Richard Burton (/wiki/Richard_Burton) . [4] (#cite_note-4) Diana, Princess of Wales (/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales) , also wore Fratini designs to public events. [5] (#cite_note-5) As a designer, she was known for her use of natural fabrics such as cotton and silk and her long "fantasy"-style dresses, which were not easily reproduced by cheaper dressmakers. In 1989, she closed down her business but continued to work for individual clients such as the Princess of Wales, who wore one of her creations for a 1990 official portrait by Terence Donovan (/wiki/Terence_Donovan_(photographer)) ; she also produced some designs for Norman Hartnell (/wiki/Norman_Hartnell) . [6] (#cite_note-guardian-6) Marriages [ edit ] Gina's first marriage was in 1954, to David Goldberg. They were divorced in 1961, and Fratini married the Italian illustrator Renato Fratini (/wiki/Renato_Fratini) , but they divorced in 1968. [7] (#cite_note-7) Finally, in 1969, she married James Alan Short, a Scottish actor/comedian better known as Jimmy Logan (/wiki/Jimmy_Logan) ; they divorced in 1977. [8] (#cite_note-8) She was romantically involved with the actor Anthony Newley (/wiki/Anthony_Newley) from 1993 onwards. [9] (#cite_note-9) The couple had known each other in the 1950s. Following Newley's death, Fratini was quoted as saying: "We came back together at the perfect time, I suppose ... But it ended too soon." [10] (#cite_note-10) Later life [ edit ] Following the closure of Fratini's fashion house November 1989, she had no regular employment. [11] (#cite_note-The_Times_Smith-11) She lived with Anthony Newley in Jensen Beach, Florida, [12] (#cite_note-12) from 1993 until his death in 1999. [6] (#cite_note-guardian-6) Her long-time assistant and housekeeper, Marie, accompanied her on the move to the United States. Fratini died on 25 May 2017 in London. [1] (#cite_note-Times-1) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b "Gina Fratini" (https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/gina-fratini-obituary-kmzfdhkgm) . thetimes.co.uk . Retrieved 3 June 2017 . ^ Jump up to: a b Sheppard, Eugenia (26 September 1973). "Fragile, Feminine Look is Gina Fratini Specialty" (https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&dat=19730926&id=wQJPAAAAIBAJ&pg=6258,140931) . Toledo Blade . Retrieved 19 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Your Search Results - Search the Collections - Victoria and Albert Museum" (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/name/fratini-gina/5513/) . collections.vam.ac.uk . Retrieved 3 June 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Elizabeth Taylor Gina Fratini Wedding Dress - Blog - Jan Leeming" (http://www.jan-leeming.com/blog/471-elizabeth-taylor-gina-fratini-wedding-dress) . www.jan-leeming.com . Retrieved 3 June 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Tom Tierney, (https://books.google.com/books?id=vg6BvqbjNnAC&q=gina+fratini&pg=PA17) Diana Princess of Wales Paper Doll: The Charity Auction Dresses , Dover Publications. (https://books.google.com/books?id=vg6BvqbjNnAC&q=gina+fratini&pg=PA17) ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0486400158 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/0486400158) ^ Jump up to: a b Veronica Horwell (8 June 2017). "Gina Fratini obituary" (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2017/jun/08/gina-fratini-obituary) . The Guardian . Retrieved 4 April 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "An interview with Sim Branaghan, author of British Film Posters: An Illustrated History Film on Paper" (http://www.filmonpaper.com/blog/an-interview-with-sim-branaghan-author-of-british-film-posters-an-illustrated-history/) . filmonpaper.com . Retrieved 3 June 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Jimmy Logan obituary" (https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1316134/Jimmy-Logan.html) . The Telegraph . 14 April 2001 . Retrieved 11 October 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "BBC News - UK - Anthony Newley dies aged 67" (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/319748.stm) . news.bbc.co.uk . Retrieved 3 June 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Show Stopper – Vol. 51 No. 16" (http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20128091,00.html) . people.com . 3 May 1999 . Retrieved 3 June 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-The_Times_Smith_11-0) Smith, Liz (6 February 1990). "Applying Pure Couture". The Times . No. 63622. ^ (#cite_ref-12) Don O'Neill (/wiki/Don_O%27Neill_(fashion_designer)) (9 January 2018). "Remembering Designer Gina Fratini" (https://theiacouture.com/blogs/blog/gina-fratini-r-i-p) . Theia . Retrieved 4 April 2018 . 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Ukrainian women who worked as fashion designers (/wiki/Fashion_designer) . Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Ukraine portal (/wiki/Portal:Ukraine) This is a non-diffusing subcategory (/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization#Non-diffusing_subcategories) of Category:Ukrainian fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Ukrainian_fashion_designers) . It includes Ukrainian fashion designers that can also be found in the parent category, or in diffusing subcategories of the parent. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐ff98d5cb5‐xq7w5 Cached time: 20240722164623 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.074 seconds Real time usage: 0.102 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 137/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 4000/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 308/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3351/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.043/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 938088/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 89.175 1 -total 46.46% 41.434 1 Template:Portal 41.28% 36.812 1 Template:Non-diffusing 33.91% 30.236 1 Template:Cmbox 12.06% 10.758 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 9.33% 8.318 2 Template:Category_other 7.27% 6.486 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 3.92% 3.495 1 Template:Single_namespace 1.55% 1.379 1 Template:Clear 1.44% 1.285 1 Template:Template_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:72292837-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722164623 and revision id 1177799786. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Ukrainian women fashion designers" The following 15 pages are in this category, out of 15 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Kachorovska Alina (/wiki/Kachorovska_Alina) Anna K (designer) (/wiki/Anna_K_(designer)) Maryna Asauliuk (/wiki/Maryna_Asauliuk) Lubov Azria (/wiki/Lubov_Azria) B Svitlana Bevza (/wiki/Svitlana_Bevza) G Victoria Gres (/wiki/Victoria_Gres) K Vita Kin (/wiki/Vita_Kin) Zinaida Kubar (/wiki/Zinaida_Kubar) M Nadia Meiher (/wiki/Nadia_Meiher) Sonya Monina (/wiki/Sonya_Monina) O Anna October (/wiki/Anna_October) P Yuliya Polishchuk (/wiki/Yuliya_Polishchuk) R Tetyana Ramus (/wiki/Tetyana_Ramus) V Valentina (fashion designer) (/wiki/Valentina_(fashion_designer)) Z Natasha Zinko (/wiki/Natasha_Zinko) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Ukrainian_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1177799786 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Ukrainian_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1177799786) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Ukrainian fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Ukrainian_fashion_designers) Ukrainian women artists (/wiki/Category:Ukrainian_women_artists) Women fashion designers by nationality (/wiki/Category:Women_fashion_designers_by_nationality) Hidden categories: Wikipedia non-diffusing subcategories (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_non-diffusing_subcategories) Automatic category TOC generates no TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_no_TOC)
American jewelry company BRWNGRLZ is a laser-cut jewelry company started by Gretchen Carvajal for Black and brown women. In 2021, BRWNGRLZ was featured in Vogue . [1] (#cite_note-1) Overview [ edit ] Origin [ edit ] Carvajal moved to the United States in 2001. [2] (#cite_note-2) She grew up in the Bay Area (/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area) . [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) In 2011, Carvajal won a spot to compete at the national youth poetry slam, Brave New Voices (BNV) (/wiki/Brave_New_Voices) , in San Francisco. [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) At BNV, she met an artist selling handmade earrings, which later inspired her to start her own earring business. [7] (#cite_note-7) In 2013, Carvajal was frustrated and inspired by the lack of representation of women of color in fashion accessories. [8] (#cite_note-:1-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) She started the business, BRWNGRLZ, [10] (#cite_note-10) out of her dormitory (/wiki/Dormitory) , creating laser cut jewelry for women of color. [11] (#cite_note-11) Inspirations [ edit ] Carvajal is inspired by prominent cultures in the Bay Area, such as Black (/wiki/African-American_culture) , Chicana (/wiki/Chicana_feminism) , and South East Asian (/wiki/Southeast_Asia) cultures. [3] (#cite_note-:0-3) Her creations mix technical fine art skills with symbols of social movements and cultural moments, such as the United Farm Workers (/wiki/United_Farm_Workers) movement and the international hotel strike. [8] (#cite_note-:1-8) Each pair of earrings in the company's collection is named after a woman of color. [12] (#cite_note-12) Collaborations [ edit ] The company has collaborated with Toro y Moi (/wiki/Toro_y_Moi) , Ruby Ibarra (/wiki/Ruby_Ibarra) , Bayani Art, and Kehlani (/wiki/Kehlani) . [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) See also [ edit ] Abdullah Sakkijha Jewelry (/wiki/Abdullah_Sakkijha_Jewelry) Folli Follie (/wiki/Folli_Follie) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Allaire, Christian (December 9, 2021). "7 Artisanal Labels to Know From a New BIPOC Fair That's Perfect for Holiday Shopping" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230525184403/https://www.vogue.com/article/in-todo-bipoc-holiday-fair-shopping) . Vogue . Archived from the original (https://www.vogue.com/article/in-todo-bipoc-holiday-fair-shopping) on May 25, 2023 . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Gretchen Carvajal: Blood Sugar Rising" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230525184659/https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/blood-sugar-rising/home/portraits/gretchen-carvajal/) . PBS . Archived from the original (https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/blood-sugar-rising/home/portraits/gretchen-carvajal/) on May 25, 2023 . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b "BRWNGRLZ: Dope Earring Company Created By A Brown Girl From The Bay Celebrates Women Of Color" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230710162640/https://ylwrngr.com/2019/11/04/brwngrlz-dope-earring-company-created-by-a-brown-girl-from-the-bay-celebrates-women-of-color/) . YLWRNGR . November 4, 2019. Archived from the original (https://ylwrngr.com/2019/11/04/brwngrlz-dope-earring-company-created-by-a-brown-girl-from-the-bay-celebrates-women-of-color/) on July 10, 2023 . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Lola, Lauren (July 14, 2011). "From Open Mic to the Spotlight" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230525184953/https://patch.com/california/newark/from-open-mic-to-the-spotlight) . Newark, CA Patch . Archived from the original (https://patch.com/california/newark/from-open-mic-to-the-spotlight) on May 25, 2023 . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Kephart, Allison (May 2, 2012). "Teens Cover Prostitution, Parental Infidelity, Cancer — and Hope: Youth Speaks Poetry Slam Finals" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230525185200/https://www.sfweekly.com/archives/teens-cover-prostitution-parental-infidelity-cancer-and-hope-youth-speaks-poetry-slam-finals/article_6ebd4eb8-7019-5de1-a40f-46409634e0ac.html) . SFWeekly . Archived from the original (https://www.sfweekly.com/archives/teens-cover-prostitution-parental-infidelity-cancer-and-hope-youth-speaks-poetry-slam-finals/article_6ebd4eb8-7019-5de1-a40f-46409634e0ac.html) on May 25, 2023 . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Youth Speaks finds its Brave New Voices at this week's international poetry slam" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230525185445/https://sfbgarchive.48hills.org/sfbgarchive/2011/07/19/youth-speaks-finds-brave-new-voices/) . San Francisco Bay Guardian Archive 1966–2014 . Archived from the original (https://sfbgarchive.48hills.org/sfbgarchive/2011/07/19/youth-speaks-finds-brave-new-voices/) on May 25, 2023 . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Amalia, Anissa (2018). "BRWNGRLZ" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230525185648/https://www.adolescent.net/a/brwngrlz) . Adolescent . Archived from the original (https://www.adolescent.net/a/brwngrlz) on May 25, 2023 . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ Jump up to: a b Bines, Ari (November 12, 2020). "BRWNGRLZ jewelry is the small business that supports WOC" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230525185955/https://www.intheknow.com/post/brwngrlz-jewelry-representation-woc/) . In The Know . Archived from the original (https://www.intheknow.com/post/brwngrlz-jewelry-representation-woc/) on May 25, 2023 . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Bright Ideas 2017: Love yourself without apologies" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230525190549/https://captimes.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/bright-ideas-2017-love-yourself-without-apologies/article_6c2f92ea-5be4-5473-b805-2590cdbad1d5.html) . The Cap Times . 2017. Archived from the original (https://captimes.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/bright-ideas-2017-love-yourself-without-apologies/article_6c2f92ea-5be4-5473-b805-2590cdbad1d5.html) on May 25, 2023 . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Kandula, Ikya (May 27, 2020). "How a Bay Area poet became obsessed with making jewelry for women of color" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230525190723/https://www.sfchronicle.com/culture/article/How-a-Bay-Area-poet-became-obsessed-with-making-15298384.php) . San Francisco Chronicle . Archived from the original (https://www.sfchronicle.com/culture/article/How-a-Bay-Area-poet-became-obsessed-with-making-15298384.php) on May 25, 2023 . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Ostani, Marj (April 10, 2018). "Fashion Brands for Strong Women: Teen Idle, Yakang Yaka & BRWNGRLZ" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230525190834/https://www.aprilmag.com/2018/04/10/fashion-brands-for-strong-women-teen-idle-yakang-yaka-brwngrlz/) . April Magazine . Archived from the original (https://www.aprilmag.com/2018/04/10/fashion-brands-for-strong-women-teen-idle-yakang-yaka-brwngrlz/) on May 25, 2023 . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Gretchen Carvajal – Interdisciplinary Artist, BRWNGRLZ" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230525191247/https://www.intheheartstories.com/ourstories/2019/5/16/gretchen-carvajal-interdisciplinary-artist-brwngrlz) . in the heart stories . May 16, 2019. Archived from the original (https://www.intheheartstories.com/ourstories/2019/5/16/gretchen-carvajal-interdisciplinary-artist-brwngrlz) on May 25, 2023 . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Lizette, Anne (2022). "Retail Roundup: Have You Heard of These Bold Filipino Jewelry Brands?" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230525191409/https://www.undiscoveredsf.com/blog/2022/10/6/retail-roundup-have-you-heard-of-these-filipino-jewelry-br) . Undiscovered Markets & Festivals . Archived from the original (https://www.undiscoveredsf.com/blog/2022/10/6/retail-roundup-have-you-heard-of-these-filipino-jewelry-brands) on May 25, 2023 . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Bumatay, Christine (October 14, 2020). "10 Beauty, Wellness And Clothing Brands Owned By Filipinxs" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230525191642/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/filipinx-owned-brands-beauty-wellness-clothing_l_5f74cd4fc5b6374c558847cd) . Huffington Post . Archived from the original (https://www.huffpost.com/entry/filipinx-owned-brands-beauty-wellness-clothing_l_5f74cd4fc5b6374c558847cd) on May 25, 2023 . Retrieved April 11, 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) San Pablo, Iggy (April 12, 2022). "Toro y Moi Comes Full Circle With "MAHAL" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230525192027/https://wonder.ph/visuals/toro-y-moi/) " (https://web.archive.org/web/20230525192027/https://wonder.ph/visuals/toro-y-moi/) . Wonder . Archived from the original (https://wonder.ph/visuals/toro-y-moi/) on May 25, 2023 . Retrieved April 18, 2023 . 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(Redirected from Cargo shorts (/w/index.php?title=Cargo_shorts&redirect=no) ) Loosely cut trousers This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Cargo_pants) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Cargo pants" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Cargo+pants%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Cargo+pants%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Cargo+pants%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Cargo+pants%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Cargo+pants%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Cargo+pants%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( February 2013 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Pair of cargo pants Cargo pants or cargo trousers , also sometimes called combat pants or combat trousers after their original purpose as military workwear (/wiki/Combat_uniform) , [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-Hancock2013-2) are loosely cut pants (/wiki/Pants) originally designed for rough work environments and outdoor activities, distinguished by numerous large utility pockets (/wiki/Pocket) for carrying tools (/wiki/Tool) . Cargo shorts are a shorts (/wiki/Shorts) version of the cargo pants, with the legs usually extending down to near- knee (/wiki/Knee) lengths. Both cargo pants and shorts have since become popular as urban (/wiki/Urban_culture) casual wear (/wiki/Casual_wear) , since they are loose-fitting and quite convenient for carrying extra items during everyday foot trips or while cycling (/wiki/Cycling) . Description [ edit ] A cargo pocket is a form of a patch pocket (/wiki/Patch_pocket) , often with accordion folds for increased capacity closed with a flap secured by snap (/wiki/Snap_fastener) , button (/wiki/Button_(clothing)) , magnet (/wiki/Magnet) , or Velcro (/wiki/Velcro) common on battledress (/wiki/Battledress) and hunting clothing. In some designs, cargo pockets may be hidden within the legs. Khaki-colored cargo shorts in an office setting Cargo pants are made of hard wearing fabric and ruggedly stitched. Increasingly they are made of quick-drying synthetic or cotton-synthetic blends, and often feature oversized belt loops to accommodate wide webbing belts. The garments are characteristically designed to allow bending at the knee and hip, and are sewn with felled seams (/wiki/Felled_seam) for strength and durability. History [ edit ] Battle dress (/wiki/Battle_dress) was first worn by members of the British Armed Forces (/wiki/British_Armed_Forces) in 1938, and were introduced to the United States (/wiki/United_States) in the mid-1940s during World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) . The large pockets characteristic of cargo pants were originally designed for British forces to hold field dressings (/wiki/Field_dressing_(bandage)) , maps, and other items. The concept was copied in the U.S. Paratrooper (/wiki/Paratrooper) uniform to allow more room to hold K rations (/wiki/K_rations) and extra ammunition (/wiki/Ammunition) . [3] (#cite_note-Cracked-3) Cargo pants were a popular fashion trend in the early 2000s. [4] (#cite_note-TheList-4) They have enjoyed renewed popularity in the 2020s as part of the 'Y2K' fashion trend, where 2000s fashion trends have been brought back into fashion. [5] (#cite_note-Nylon-5) Variations [ edit ] Young man wearing cargo shorts, Vietnam, 2010 Cargo shorts [ edit ] Cargo shorts are cargo pants shortened (/wiki/Shorts) at the knee. Some cargo pants are made with removable lower legs allowing conversion into shorts. In 1980, cargo shorts were marketed as ideal for the sportsman or fisherman, with the pocket flaps ensuring that pocket contents were secure and unlikely to fall out. [6] (#cite_note-6) By the mid-to-late 1990s, cargo shorts found popularity among mainstream men's fashion. [7] (#cite_note-7) In 2012, Tim Gunn (/wiki/Tim_Gunn) observed that while the pockets were undeniably useful for carrying things for work or other everyday tools, cargo shorts were more practical than elegant. [8] (#cite_note-8) EMT pants [ edit ] This section may be confusing or unclear (/wiki/Wikipedia:Vagueness) to readers . Please help clarify the section (/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify) . There might be a discussion about this on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Cargo_pants) . ( May 2024 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) EMT (/wiki/Emergency_medical_technician) pants are cargo pants with six-way cargo/scissor pockets on one or both legs, each with a hidden zippered pocket on top of cargo pocket, a bellowed flap pocket with increased carrying capacity, besom pockets (/wiki/Besom_pocket) on calves for glove storage, and three slots for scissors (two fitted with snap closures). See also [ edit ] Carpenter jeans (/wiki/Carpenter_jeans) Tactical pants (/wiki/Tactical_pants) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Loschek, Ingrid (2009). When clothes become fashion : design and innovation systems (English ed.). Oxford: Berg. p. 107. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781847883667 . ^ (#cite_ref-Hancock2013_2-0) Hancock J, Augustyn E (June 2013). " 'Fashionable pockets': The transnational rise of cargo pants into popular culture". Australasian Journal of Popular Culture . 2 (2). Intellect: 183-195(13). doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1386/ajpc.2.2.183_1 (https://doi.org/10.1386%2Fajpc.2.2.183_1) . ^ (#cite_ref-Cracked_3-0) "Cargo Pants" (http://www.cracked.com/funny-4539-cargo-pants/) . Cracked.com . Retrieved 19 February 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-TheList_4-0) "How To Wear Cargo Pants, The Latest Trend To Come Back From Y2K" (https://www.thelist.com/388207/survey-reveals-the-2021-fashion-trend-people-will-regret-in-10-years/) . TheList.com. 20 April 2021 . Retrieved 6 March 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-Nylon_5-0) "Cargo Pants Are Going To Be Everywhere This Fall" (https://www.nylon.com/fashion/cargo-pants-trend-fall-2021) . Nylon Magazine. 12 August 2021 . Retrieved 6 March 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Paulson, F. M. (March 1980). "Boating: What's New on the Waterfront" (https://books.google.com/books?id=0lo3xA96lTUC&pg=PA90) . Field & Stream : 90. ^ (#cite_ref-7) Hong, Nicole Nice Cargo Shorts! You’re Sleeping on the Sofa (https://www.wsj.com/articles/nice-cargo-shorts-youre-sleeping-on-the-sofa-1470082856) Wall Street Journal . 3 August 2016 ^ (#cite_ref-8) Gunn, Tim; Calhoun, Ada (2012). Tim Gunn's fashion bible : the fascinating history of everything in your closet . New York: Gallery Books. p. 96 (https://archive.org/details/timgunnsfashionb0000gunn/page/96) . 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Dutch fashion model Yasmin Wijnaldum Wijnaldum for Chaos in 2016 Born ( 1998-07-10 ) 10 July 1998 (age 26) Amsterdam (/wiki/Amsterdam) , Netherlands [3] (#cite_note-ElleUK-3) Occupation Model Years active 2014–present Modeling information Height 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) Hair color Brown [1] (#cite_note-thesocietymanagement.com-1) Eye color Blue Agency The Society Management (/wiki/The_Society_Management) (New York) Elite Model Management (/wiki/Elite_Model_Management) (worldwide) Photogenics (LA) Seeds Management (Berlin) Munich Models (/wiki/Munich_Models) (Munich) [2] (#cite_note-2) Yasmin Wijnaldum (born 10 July 1998) is a Dutch fashion model. She is known for her confident runway walk. [4] (#cite_note-4) Early life [ edit ] Wijnaldum was born in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Her father is from Suriname (/wiki/Suriname) , and her mother from the Netherlands. [5] (#cite_note-5) She moved to New York at 16. Career [ edit ] Wijnaldum made her modeling debut during the 2014 Elite Model Look (/wiki/Elite_Model_Look) competition, where she represented the Netherlands (/wiki/Netherlands) during the world final and won a contract with Elite Model Management (/wiki/Elite_Model_Management) 's Amsterdam branch. [6] (#cite_note-6) After signing to Elite Worldwide (/wiki/Elite_Model_Management) and The Society (/wiki/The_Society_Management) , Wijnaldum made her runway debut at the Jean-Paul Gaultier (/wiki/Jean-Paul_Gaultier) Haute Couture F/W 15 show, [7] (#cite_note-7) and walked exclusively for Prada (/wiki/Prada) during the S/S 16 show season, where she subsequently booked the S/S 16 campaign alongside Sasha Pivovarova (/wiki/Sasha_Pivovarova) and Natalia Vodianova (/wiki/Natalia_Vodianova) . [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) Her first magazine cover was for I-D Magazine (/wiki/I-D_Magazine) ' s Summer 2016 issue. [10] (#cite_note-10) In 2018, she made her debut at the 2018 Victoria's Secret Fashion Show. [11] (#cite_note-11) In 2017, Wijnaldum was chosen as one of the "11 Models You Need to Know" by Vogue Arabia (/wiki/Vogue_Arabia) . [12] (#cite_note-12) From 2017 to 2019, Wijnaldum was listed as one of Models' "Top 50" models [13] (#cite_note-13) and was also ranked on its former "Top Sexiest" list. [14] (#cite_note-14) She was ranked in 2018 on the Business of Fashion (/wiki/Business_of_Fashion) ' s annual list of 500 people shaping the fashion industry. [15] (#cite_note-15) Personal life [ edit ] Wijnaldum was previously dating American rapper G-Eazy (/wiki/G-Eazy) in 2019 until he was linking with American rapper Megan Thee Stallion (/wiki/Megan_Thee_Stallion) on his Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) story in 2020. Since 2021, she has been dating actor Thomas Doherty (/wiki/Thomas_Doherty_(actor)) . [ citation needed ] References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-thesocietymanagement.com_1-0) "The Society Management – New York City" (https://www.thesocietymanagement.com/society-women/204-yasmin-wijnaldum.web) . www.thesocietymanagement.com . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Yasmin Wijnaldum" (https://models.com/models/yasmin-wijnaldum) . models . Retrieved 12 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-ElleUK_3-0) "8 Things You Need To Know About New Prada Campaign Star Yasmin Wijnaldum" (https://www.elle.com/uk/fashion/news/a28809/8-things-you-need-to-know-about-yasmin-wijnaldum/) . 6 January 2016 . Retrieved 10 October 2018 . I'm from Amsterdam, but my favorite city is definitely New York ^ (#cite_ref-4) Browchuk, Elisée (3 January 2020). "Watch Yasmin Wijnaldum Prep for Moschino's Pre-Fall 2020 Show" (https://www.vogue.com/article/diary-of-a-model-yasmin-wijnaldum-moschino-pre-fall-2020) . Vogue . Condé Nast. ^ (#cite_ref-5) How Top Model Yasmin Wijnaldum Gets Runway Ready, Diary of a Model, Vogue on YouTube (/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)) ^ (#cite_ref-6) "10 things you need to know about yasmin wijnaldum" (https://i-d.vice.com/en_us/article/mbekpn/10-things-you-need-to-know-about-yasmin-wijnaldum) . 14 January 2016 . Retrieved 10 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Jean Paul Gaultier Fall 2015 Couture Fashion Show" (https://www.vogue.com/fashion-shows/fall-2015-couture/jean-paul-gaultier/slideshow/collection#22) . Retrieved 10 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Prada Makes Models: Meet Yasmin Wijnaldum" (http://www.thefashionlaw.com/home/prada-made-models-meet-yasmin-wijnaldum) . Retrieved 10 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Dazed (4 January 2016). "Introducing Miuccia Prada's teenage muse, Yasmin Wijnaldum" (http://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/28989/1/introducing-miuccia-pradas-teenage-muse-yasmin-wijnaldum) . Retrieved 10 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "i-D Magazine Summer 2016 Covers (i-D Magazine)" (https://models.com/work/i-d-magazine-i-d-magazine-summer-2016-covers/533190) . models . Retrieved 12 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Victoria's Secret Fashion Show 2018: All the Models Confirmed So Far, From Winnie Harlow to Barbara Palvin" (https://www.wmagazine.com/story/victorias-secret-fashion-show-2018-models-confirmed-winnie-harlow-barbara-palvin) . W . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "11 Models You Need to Know for 2017" (https://en.vogue.me/fashion/models-to-watch-2017/) . Vogue Arabia . 11 January 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Top 50 models" (https://web.archive.org/web/20190113231722/https://models.com/rankings/ui/Top50/) . models . Archived from the original (https://models.com/rankings/ui/Top50/) on 13 January 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Top Sexiest Models" (https://web.archive.org/web/20190114153248/https://models.com/rankings/ui/TopSexiest/21364#21364) . models . Archived from the original (https://models.com/rankings/ui/TopSexiest/21364#21364) on 14 January 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-15) "BoF - The Business of Fashion" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/community/bof500/search?collections=16&query=Yasmin%20Wijnaldum) . www.businessoffashion.com . Retrieved 12 October 2018 . External links [ edit ] Yasmin Wijnaldum (https://models.com/models/yasmin-wijnaldum) at Models. 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(Redirected from Confitex (/w/index.php?title=Confitex&redirect=no) ) Washable, absorbent undergarments for managing urinary incontinence Incontinence underwear is a type of reusable undergarment designed to absorb urine. It provides an alternative to traditional disposable incontinence products, which are often bulky and plastic-based. Due to concerns about the environmental impact of disposable products (/wiki/Disposable_product) , incontinence underwear is becoming an alternative to pads. [1] (#cite_note-1) Only recently has the textile technology existed to enable the design and manufacture of reusable products with comparable functionality to a disposable pad or diaper. Incontinence [ edit ] It is estimated that 1 in 4 women over the age of 35 experience some level of urinary incontinence (/wiki/Urinary_incontinence) , often following childbirth (/wiki/Childbirth) or during menopause (/wiki/Menopause) . Incontinence is also experienced by approximately 1 in 10 men, commonly related to prostate issues. Incontinence is more prevalent with age, and is commonly experienced by those 65 and over. [2] (#cite_note-2) Due to increased life expectancy and decreased fertility rates, the world population is experiencing a "global greying", which has contributed to an increase in the global market for incontinence products as there is an increasing proportion of people aged over 65. [3] (#cite_note-3) Fabric incontinence underwear [ edit ] Fashionable reusable underwear alternatives to pads and diapers have emerged. Some of these new washable products still feature built-in absorbent pads or insertable disposable pads, but some of the players in the market offer consumers options which are increasingly like normal underwear. These companies have developed highly absorbent fabrics that combine several moisture-trapping fabric layers to achieve a similar absorbent result to traditional pads. This new-style incontinence underwear looks and feels like normal underwear so it can be washed and reused, whilst being discreet. This offers the user economic and environmental savings. The use of fabric textiles in these new incontinence products also means that it is now possible to make fashionable incontinence underwear. [4] (#cite_note-4) Incontinence underwear products are generally designed to cater for light bladder leakage (/wiki/Light_bladder_leakage) (LBL), and as such have lower absorbency capabilities than high absorbency pads and diapers. Some manufacturers of disposable products are responding to the changing market dynamics by introducing disposable incontinence underwear that gives the appearance of normal fabric underwear. These manufacturers aim to imitate how normal underwear sits on the body, to make the underwear more discreet and comfortable. Examples of this include underwear sold by TENA (/wiki/TENA) and Depend (undergarment) (/wiki/Depend_(undergarment)) . These efforts to normalize incontinence products, and provide consumers with more options, shows the industry recognition of the need to reduce the stigma around urinary incontinence, and offer wearers product choices that are more comfortable and less bulky. [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) Products available for those with severe urinary incontinence are still predominantly single use disposable pads. Related types of incontinence products include absorbent pads for chairs or beds, and underwear for children who experience nocturnal enuresis (/wiki/Nocturnal_enuresis) . Market growth [ edit ] The US incontinence market is forecast to reach a value of US$1.6 billion by 2017, driven by an aging population (/wiki/Aging_population) and a gradual breakdown of the taboo surrounding incontinence. These factors will contribute to increased numbers of people needing incontinence products which allow them to continue living their lives whilst experiencing the condition. [7] (#cite_note-7) Globally the market is set to grow by between 4 and 7% per annum. [8] (#cite_note-8) Incontinence underwear manufacturers include Australian-based Night N Day Comfort, Canadian-based Caretex, the UK's Capatex Care (which make the ‘Kylie’ range), and the US-based Wearever. Companies that make incontinence pads include Kimberly-Clark (/wiki/Kimberly-Clark) ( Depend (https://www.depend.com/en-ca/) and Poise (https://www.poise.com/en-ca/) brands), Sweden's SCA (TENA brand) and Domtar (/wiki/Domtar) (Attends brand). A new category of fashionable incontinence underwear has also recently emerged. Among these companies are Night N Day Comfort (who modify Australian underwear brand BONDS underwear by sewing-in their incontinence pad), Icon Underwear and Confitex, [9] (#cite_note-9) who in 2015 showed a collection of high-end, pad-free incontinence lingerie on the runway at New Zealand Fashion Week (/wiki/New_Zealand_Fashion_Week) . [10] (#cite_note-10) [11] (#cite_note-11) [12] (#cite_note-12) See also [ edit ] Adult diaper (/wiki/Adult_diaper) Incontinence pad (/wiki/Incontinence_pad) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Clarke-O’Neill, S., Pettersson, L. Fader, M. (2003) Washable products for women. Nursing Times , 99:(1), pp.57–58. ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Facts and statistics for bladder problems" (http://www.bladder-control.co.uk/definition/facts-statistics/index.htm) . www.bladder-control.co.uk . Retrieved 2016-01-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) United Nations. (2013). World Population Ageing 2013. http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/ageing/WorldPopulationAgeing2013.pdf (http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/ageing/WorldPopulationAgeing2013.pdf) ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Yes, Incontinence Underwear Can Be Stylish!" (https://www.nationalincontinence.com/blog/yes-incontinence-underwear-can-be-stylish/) . Incontinence Blog - NationalIncontinence.com . Retrieved 2016-01-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Depend wants you to" (http://www.consumeraffairs.com/news/depend-wants-you-to-drop-your-pants-to-reduce-the-stigma-of-incontinence-072914.html) . ConsumerAffairs . Retrieved 2016-01-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "AMV BBDO Tackles Incontinence for TENA Men" (http://www.adweek.com/agencyspy/amv-bbdo-tackles-incontinence-for-tena-men/82282) . www.adweek.com . Retrieved 2016-01-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "US incontinence market to reach a value of $1.6 billion in 2017" (https://uk.finance.yahoo.com/news/us-incontinence-market-reach-value-000000843.html) . Yahoo Finance UK . Retrieved 2016-01-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Johnsen, M. (December 15, 2014). Boomers, caregivers aid steady growth. Drug store news . pp. 62 ^ (#cite_ref-9) "New Zealand Startup Invents World's First 'Sexy' Incontinence Underwear" (http://www.ibtimes.com.au/new-zealand-startup-invents-worlds-first-sexy-incontinence-underwear-1444820) . International Business Times AU . Retrieved 2016-01-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Incontinence lingerie on NZ catwalk as part of fashion week - BBC News" (https://www.bbc.com/news/business-34104229) . BBC News . Retrieved 2016-01-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Incontinence Lingerie Hits The Runway: A Brief Synopsis" (http://inventorspot.com/articles/incontinence-lingerie-hits-runway-brief-synopsis) . InventorSpot.com . Retrieved 2016-01-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Urinary Incontinence Lingerie Collection Hits Runway" (http://www.psfk.com/2015/09/incontinence-lingerie-absorbent-underwear-confitex.html#.VeyrUDu6ePM.facebook) . PSFK . 2015-09-04 . Retrieved 2016-01-14 . 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This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/List_of_balls_in_Vienna) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "List of balls in Vienna" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22List+of+balls+in+Vienna%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22List+of+balls+in+Vienna%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22List+of+balls+in+Vienna%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22List+of+balls+in+Vienna%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22List+of+balls+in+Vienna%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22List+of+balls+in+Vienna%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( February 2024 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Below is a list of balls in Vienna , the capital of Austria (/wiki/Austria) . The first balls (/wiki/Ball_(dance_event)) in Vienna were held in the 18th century. Today, 450 balls are held in the city. The ball season runs during Carnival (/wiki/Carnival_in_Germany,_Switzerland_and_Austria) from 11 November to Shrove Tuesday (/wiki/Shrove_Tuesday) in February, although others are scheduled throughout the year. [1] (#cite_note-Science-1) Most balls are formal events where dancers wear a gown (/wiki/Gown) , tuxedo (/wiki/Tuxedo) , or formal traditional Austrian dress (/w/index.php?title=Austrian_dress&action=edit&redlink=1) . Traditional balls such as the Vienna Opera Ball (/wiki/Vienna_Opera_Ball) open with debutantes (/wiki/Debutante) performing a polonaise (/wiki/Polonaise) , followed by a choreographed waltz such as the viennese waltz (/wiki/Viennese_waltz) . [2] (#cite_note-2) Traditional ball etiquette also involves the use of dance cards (/wiki/Dance_card) and presentation of "Damenspenden", or spending gifts, to the young women attending the ball. [3] (#cite_note-3) In 2018, the Vienna Chamber of Commerce estimated over 500,000 people would attend a ball that season and spend € (/wiki/Euro) 139,000,000 on the events. [4] (#cite_note-4) The ball season has also attracted political controversy. The Vienna Ball of Sciences (/wiki/Vienna_Ball_of_Sciences) was founded in 2015 as an alternative to the Academics’ Ball, which was sponsored by the right-wing Freedom Party of Austria (/wiki/Freedom_Party_of_Austria) and is frequently protested. [5] (#cite_note-5) [1] (#cite_note-Science-1) Ball Location When Note Organizer url Wiener Rotkreuz Ball (/w/index.php?title=Wiener_Rotkreuz_Ball&action=edit&redlink=1) Rathaus (/wiki/Rathaus,_Vienna) November Vienna Red Cross www.wienerrotkreuzball.at (http://www.wienerrotkreuzball.at) Hofburg Silvesterball (/w/index.php?title=Hofburg_Silvesterball&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) December New Years Eve Dinner+Ball (tourism) Hofburg Palace www.hofburgsilvesterball.com (http://www.hofburgsilvesterball.com) Zuckerbaeckerball (/w/index.php?title=Zuckerbaeckerball&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) January Vienna Bakers and Confectioners www.zuckerbaeckerball.com (http://www.zuckerbaeckerball.com) Ball der Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien (/w/index.php?title=Ball_der_Wirtschaftsuniversit%C3%A4t_Wien&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) January Vienna University of Economics and Business (/wiki/Vienna_University_of_Economics_and_Business) www.wuball.at (http://www.wuball.at) Steirerball (/w/index.php?title=Steirerball&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) January Steirer Association www.steirerball.com (http://www.steirerball.com) Ball der Offiziere (/w/index.php?title=Ball_der_Offiziere&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) January Military Officers Ball Theresian Military Academy www.ballderoffiziere.at (http://www.ballderoffiziere.at) Ball der Pharmacie (/w/index.php?title=Ball_der_Pharmacie&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) January Less overcrowded - enough floorspace to waltz. Austrian Chamber of Pharmacists www.pharmacieball.at (http://www.pharmacieball.at) TU Ball (/w/index.php?title=TU_Ball&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) January Vienna University of Technology TU Wien (/wiki/TU_Wien) www.tu-ball.at (http://www.tu-ball.at) Blumenball (/w/index.php?title=Blumenball&action=edit&redlink=1) Rathaus, Vienna (/wiki/Rathaus,_Vienna) Mid-January Flower Ball Vienna City Gardners Jägerball (/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A4gerball&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) last Monday in January Hunters Ball. Traditional costume mandatory Green Cross Association www.verein-grueneskreuz.at (http://www.verein-grueneskreuz.at) Wiener Akademikerball (/w/index.php?title=Wiener_Akademikerball&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) last Friday in January until 2012: "Ball des Wiener Korporationsringes" Vienna Academic Ball www.wiener-akademikerball.at (http://www.wiener-akademikerball.at) Wiener Aerzteball (/w/index.php?title=Wiener_Aerzteball&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) last Saturday in January Medical Association of Vienna www.aerzteball.at (http://www.aerzteball.at) Vienna Ball of Sciences (/wiki/Vienna_Ball_of_Sciences) Rathaus (/wiki/Rathaus,_Vienna) last Saturday in January www.wissenschaftsball.at (http://www.wissenschaftsball.at) BOKU-Ball (/w/index.php?title=BOKU-Ball&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) February University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (/wiki/University_of_Natural_Resources_and_Life_Sciences,_Vienna) www.bokuball.at (http://www.bokuball.at) IAEA-Ball (/w/index.php?title=IAEA-Ball&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) February International Atomic Energy Agency (/wiki/International_Atomic_Energy_Agency) www.stylearts.eu/iaea (http://www.stylearts.eu/iaea) Hofburg-Ball der Wiener Wirtschaft (/w/index.php?title=Hofburg-Ball_der_Wiener_Wirtschaft&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) February Vienna Business Ball Vienna Economic Association www.hofburg-ball.at (http://www.hofburg-ball.at) Philharmonikerball (/w/index.php?title=Philharmonikerball&action=edit&redlink=1) Musikverein (/wiki/Musikverein) Elegant White Tie Cultural Event Vienna Philharmonic (/wiki/Vienna_Philharmonic) https://www.wienerphilharmoniker.at/en/vienna-philharmonic-ball (https://www.wienerphilharmoniker.at/en/vienna-philharmonic-ball) Techniker-Cercle (/w/index.php?title=Techniker-Cercle&action=edit&redlink=1) Musikverein (/wiki/Musikverein) Ball of Industry and Technology Club Techniker-Cercle https://ball.techniker-cercle.at/ (https://ball.techniker-cercle.at/) Immobilienball (/w/index.php?title=Immobilienball&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) February www.immobilienball.at (http://www.immobilienball.at) Wiener Kaffeesiederball (/wiki/Kaffeesiederball_(Viennese_coffeehouse_owners_ball)) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) February Extravagant traditional ball closely associated with the Viennese coffeehouse tradition Club of Viennese Coffeehouse Owners (https://www.kaffeesieder.at/) www.kaffeesiederball.at (http://www.kaffeesiederball.at) Regenbogenball (/w/index.php?title=Regenbogenball&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) February www.regenbogenball.at (http://www.regenbogenball.at) Vienna International Spring Ball (/w/index.php?title=Vienna_International_Spring_Ball&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) March www.springball.at (http://www.springball.at) Vienna Opera Ball (/wiki/Vienna_Opera_Ball) Vienna State Opera (/wiki/Vienna_State_Opera) Fat Thursday (/wiki/Fat_Thursday) government figures, international celebrities, debutants, wide televised coverage Vienna State Opera (/wiki/Vienna_State_Opera) St. Johanns Club Ball (/w/index.php?title=St._Johanns_Club_Ball&action=edit&redlink=1) Palais Liechtenstein (/wiki/Stadtpalais_Liechtenstein) late Spring St. Johanns Club/Jockey Club members, Sovereign Military Order of Malta (/wiki/Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta) , historical nobility (/wiki/Nobility) Juristenball (/w/index.php?title=Juristenball&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) lawyers, judges, law students www.juristenball.at (http://www.juristenball.at) Rudolfina Redoute (/w/index.php?title=Rudolfina_Redoute&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) Shrove Monday (/wiki/Shrove_Monday) ladies must wear masks www.redoute.rudolfina.at (http://www.redoute.rudolfina.at) Elmayer-Kränzchen (/w/index.php?title=Elmayer-Kr%C3%A4nzchen&action=edit&redlink=1) Hofburg Palace (/wiki/Hofburg_Palace) Shrove Tuesday (/wiki/Shrove_Tuesday) Elmayer dance school (/wiki/Elmayer_dance_school) www.elmayer.at (http://www.elmayer.at) Flüchtlingsball (/w/index.php?title=Fl%C3%BCchtlingsball&action=edit&redlink=1) Rathaus (/wiki/Rathaus,_Vienna) first Saturday after Ash Wednesday (/wiki/Ash_Wednesday) [1] (http://www.integrationshaus.at/de/.../event.shtml?257) Concordia Ball (/w/index.php?title=Concordia_Ball&action=edit&redlink=1) Rathaus (/wiki/Rathaus,_Vienna) summer (May or June) the oldest Viennese Traditional Ball Concordia Press Club www.concordiaball.at (https://www.concordiaball.at/the-ball.html) Life Ball (/wiki/Life_Ball) Rathaus (/wiki/Rathaus,_Vienna) summer (May or June) biggest charity event in Europe supporting people with HIV or AIDS Gery Keszler References [ edit ] ^ a b Wald, Chelsea (18 March 2015). "Having a ball in science" (https://web.archive.org/web/20240210064527/https://www.science.org/content/article/having-ball-science) . Science . Archived from the original (https://www.science.org/content/article/having-ball-science) on 10 February 2024 . Retrieved 10 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Adhem, Joanna (29 January 2023). "Austria in winter: Why Vienna's sparkling ball season should be on every traveller's bucket list" (https://web.archive.org/web/20230129050449/https://www.euronews.com/travel/2023/01/29/austria-in-winter-why-viennas-sparkling-ball-season-should-be-on-every-travellers-bucket-l) . Euronews (/wiki/Euronews) . Archived from the original (https://www.euronews.com/travel/2023/01/29/austria-in-winter-why-viennas-sparkling-ball-season-should-be-on-every-travellers-bucket-l) on 29 January 2023 . Retrieved 10 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Wulff, Hans J. (2020). "Von Tanzkarten und Damenspenden: Rituale des Ball-Walzers" (https://www.jstor.org/stable/26932565) . International Review of the Aesthetics and Sociology of Music (in German). 51 (1): 43–48. ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 0351-5796 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0351-5796) . Retrieved 10 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Besucherrekord für Wiener Ballsaison 2017/18 erwartet" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180204184928/https://news.wko.at/news/wien/Ballsaison.html) (in German). Wiener Wirtschaft. 9 November 2017. Archived from the original (https://news.wko.at/news/wien/Ballsaison.html) on 4 February 2018 . Retrieved 10 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Bradley, Kimberly (4 February 2018). "Gowns, Wurst and Protesters: It's Ball Season in Vienna" (https://web.archive.org/web/20180205001626/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/04/world/europe/vienna-ball-season.html) . The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) . Archived from the original (https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/04/world/europe/vienna-ball-season.html) on 5 February 2018 . Retrieved 10 February 2024 . External links [ edit ] Austria.com: The Ball Season (https://www.austria.info/en/things-to-do/cities-and-culture/traditions/ball-season) Fodors.com: Things you need to know about Austria's ball season. (https://www.fodors.com/world/europe/austria/experiences/news/9-things-you-need-to-know-about-austrias-ball-season-including-how-to-scam-your-way-in) AmazingAustria.com: Viennese Ball History (https://www.amazingaustria.com/viennese-ball/) VienneseBall.Org: Attire, Attending, Waltzing, Organizing, Music, Videos, Resources, Calendar of Viennese Balls in Europe and North America. 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(Redirected from Nepali topi (/w/index.php?title=Nepali_topi&redirect=no) ) Nepali hat This article's lead section (/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Length) may be too short to adequately summarize (/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style) the key points . Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview (/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Provide_an_accessible_overview) of all important aspects of the article. ( October 2020 ) Dhaka topi unfolded The Dhaka topi ( Nepali (/wiki/Nepali_language) : ढाका टोपी [ɖʱaka (/wiki/Help:IPA/Nepali) ʈopi] (/wiki/Help:IPA/Nepali) ), or Nepali topi , is a hat which is popular in Nepal (/wiki/Nepal) , and which forms part of Nepalese national dress, worn by men on celebrations. History [ edit ] Groom wearing Dhaka topi CP Lohani wearing Dhaka topi in Maitighar (/wiki/Maitighar) , a 1966 Nepalese film Dhaka ko Topi literately means a "headgear made of Dhaka cloth", a fine cotton cloth once exclusively imported from Dhaka (/wiki/Dhaka) , the present-day capital of Bangladesh (/wiki/Bangladesh) . [1] (#cite_note-Barun-1) [2] (#cite_note-Wicks-2) [3] (#cite_note-Weber-3) The Dhaka topi was a part of the Nepalese national dress, and a symbol of Nepalese nationality. [2] (#cite_note-Wicks-2) [3] (#cite_note-Weber-3) [4] (#cite_note-Kasuju-4) It became popular during the reign of King Mahendra (/wiki/Mahendra_of_Nepal) , who ruled between 1955 and 1972, and made wearing a Dhaka topi mandatory for official photographs for passports (/wiki/Passport) and documents. [5] (#cite_note-Pokharel-5) Dhaka Topis are given away as gifts during Dashain (/wiki/Dashain) and Tihar (/wiki/Tihar_(festival)) festivals. [6] (#cite_note-6) Dhaka topi was also worn by government officials as a part of the national dress. [7] (#cite_note-7) In the times of king Mahendra Dhaka topis for rent was available near the Singha Durbar (/wiki/Singha_Durbar) (literally Lion Hall) in Kathmandu. [5] (#cite_note-Pokharel-5) The badge of kukri (/wiki/Kukri) cross is worn on the cap largely by officials in Kathmandu (/wiki/Kathmandu) or when a Nepalese visit the Palace, and not the lay Nepali. [8] (#cite_note-Subba-8) Significance [ edit ] Although Dhaka clothing no longer dominates Nepalese fashion, it remains an integral part of the society and Nepalese identity. [9] (#cite_note-Aparicio-9) While many Nepalis now seldom wear a cap unless they are attending some cultural programme, [8] (#cite_note-Subba-8) many other men and women still wear costumes made from Dhaka on a regular basis, as it remains common sight on the streets of Kathmandu (/wiki/Kathmandu) . Dhaka cloth still play a role in rituals, such as weddings and funerals of many ethnic groups living in the valley. [9] (#cite_note-Aparicio-9) Despite many hand-loom establishments that producing it, they still struggle to meet the constantly increasing demand for Dhaka topi. [4] (#cite_note-Kasuju-4) According to Tejeswar Babu Gongah, a columnist, cultural activist and cultural expert, "The topi which is round at the base, with a height of 3 to 4 inches, indicates the mountains and the Himalayas (/wiki/Himalayas) of the country. The Dhaka topi is said to represent the mountain after the melting of the ice. The melted ice enables the growth of greenery and vibrantly coloured flowers in the lower regions of the mountain." [10] (#cite_note-10) International Nepali Dhoti and Topi Day is a day celebrated by Nepali people (/wiki/Nepali_people) globally on 1 January to keep Nepali traditional fashion alive. Nepalis (/wiki/Nepalis) of Madhesi (/wiki/Madhesi_people) and Tharu (/wiki/Tharu_people) ethnicity wear Dhoti (/wiki/Dhoti) , while all Nepali people (/wiki/Nepali_people) wear Dhaka and Bhadgaunle topis on that day. [11] (#cite_note-11) Though topis are more prevalent in the day than dhoti, [12] (#cite_note-12) Madhesis (/wiki/Madhesi_people) have taken the opportunity to promote their distinct identity. [13] (#cite_note-13) Madhesis and Sikhs (/wiki/Sikhism_in_Nepal) in Nepal are often discriminated against because of their refusal to wear Dhaka topi. [14] (#cite_note-14) [15] (#cite_note-15) Dhaka cloth [ edit ] Dhakai saree (/wiki/Jamdani) patterns Dhaka , the hand-spun cotton inlay-pattern weaving used to make intricately patterned, colourful panels for Dhaka topis, is the most remarkable and visible cotton textile in Nepal. [16] (#cite_note-Susi-16) Pre-dyed cotton is imported from India and weaved by master craftspeople into intricate patterns using only a few colours. [9] (#cite_note-Aparicio-9) The fabric is also used for a type of blouse called Dhaka ko cholo , literally meaning a "blouse made of dhaka fabric", and shawls for women. [16] (#cite_note-Susi-16) [17] (#cite_note-17) Some farmers and weavers have made preliminary trials of a silk Dhaka topi cloth with limited success. [18] (#cite_note-18) There are different myths about the origin of Dhaka fabric. One story tells that a minister returned from Dhaka, Bangladesh with idea of such a topi, which eventually replaced the traditional black cap in popularity. Another story tells that name is so because the originally cloths and threads for Dhaka topi used to come from Dhaka, often resembling Dhakai muslin (/wiki/Muslin) (fine cotton of Dhaka). It is also possible that Hindu weavers settled in Nepal to flee Muslim invasion of Bengal (/wiki/Bengal) . The method of pattern weaving practised around Dhaka, called Jamdani (/wiki/Jamdani) , is considerably different from what is currently practised by Nepalese weavers. [16] (#cite_note-Susi-16) A few fragments of Dhaka fabric in the collection of the National Museum of Nepal (/wiki/National_Museum_of_Nepal) are assumed to be from early 20th century. [16] (#cite_note-Susi-16) The most popular legend attributes the introduction of Dhaka weaving to Ganesh Man Maharjan, who worked in an Jamdani factory in 1950s. He was inspired to learn it when he noticed Dambar Kumari, Shree Teen Junga Bahadur Rana's daughter, wearing Dhaka clothes she brought back from Benares. Upon returning to his native Palpa his wife and he established a factory to produce Dhaka cloth in 1957 with one spool (/wiki/Bobbin) and one hand-operated Charkha (/wiki/Charkha_(spinning_wheel)) spinning-wheel bought from Kathmandu and local weavers trained by Mahajan. His operation flourished because of the high price of superior quality imports. [5] (#cite_note-Pokharel-5) [19] (#cite_note-Nirmal-19) As the Shah dynasty (/wiki/Shah_dynasty) government showed a preference for Dhaka cloth and topis made out of it, other weavers started following Maharajan. By early 1970, his own factory Swadeshi Vastrakala Palpali Dhaka Udhyog had grown to employ some 350 workers. [5] (#cite_note-Pokharel-5) At that time Jaishanker Textile Industry, Khanal Textile Industry, and Nabin Textile Industry were the major producers of cotton yarn used to make Dhaka cloth. [19] (#cite_note-Nirmal-19) The Main Square in Tansen Seamster in Tansen Despite booming business and government incentives, most weavers were poor. An expert weaver worked 12–16 hours a day for a month to produce 4–5 metres of Dhaka cloth. But, their wage was a measly 10-30 Nepalese rupees (/wiki/Nepalese_rupee) , one egg and 250 grams of Jeri (/wiki/Jalebi) . [5] (#cite_note-Pokharel-5) In 1970s, the Dhaka weaving industry in Palpa changed significantly as it was introduced to Jacquard loom (/wiki/Jacquard_loom) and easily available shiny acrylic fiber (/wiki/Acrylic_fiber) . Jacquard looms made it possible to produce several meter a day, instead of the average 9-inches on a hand-loom. Many weavers lost their jobs, Palpa lost its near monopoly and Dhaka caps lost some of the intricacies of its patterns. [19] (#cite_note-Nirmal-19) Now weavers in capital Kathmandu, Palpa District (/wiki/Palpa_District) in the middle mountains area, especially its headquarters Tansen municipality (/wiki/Tansen,_Nepal) , and Tehrathum District (/wiki/Tehrathum_District) in the East are the main producers of Dhaka cloth. [9] (#cite_note-Aparicio-9) [16] (#cite_note-Susi-16) [20] (#cite_note-20) Limbus (/wiki/Limbu_people) and Rais (/wiki/Rai_people) from the middle mountains are famous for the Dhaka cloth they produce. [21] (#cite_note-21) Tansen, the most renowned source of Dhaka topis, is colourful town with Magar, Brahmin, Chhetris with Newars who came in the 19th century to seek their fortune. Apart its famous Dhaka fabric for topic, cholos and shawls, Tensen is also known for its metal craft including Karuwa (/wiki/Karuwa) mugs, jars and other items. [22] (#cite_note-22) It is a custom to buy Palpali Dhaka fabric products as souvenir while visiting the area, including topis, shawls and thailo purses that has two pairs of drawstrings to open and close the purse. [4] (#cite_note-Kasuju-4) A Dhaka topi industry has been established in Darjeeling (/wiki/Darjeeling) by Indian Gorkhas (/wiki/Indian_Gorkha) . [4] (#cite_note-Kasuju-4) Topis [ edit ] Two Nepalese men wearing Bhaad-gaaule topi (/wiki/Bhaad-gaaule_topi) (left) and Dhaka topi (right) Jimmy Wales (/wiki/Jimmy_Wales) wearing a Bhaad-gaaule topi (/wiki/Bhaad-gaaule_topi) at closing ceremony of Wikimania 2015 (/wiki/Wikimania_2015) The traditional outfit of Nepali men features Daura-Suruwal (/wiki/Daura-Suruwal) (Nepalese shirt and trouser suit), Patuka (/w/index.php?title=Patuka&action=edit&redlink=1) (cloth wrapped around the waist instead of a belt), ista coat (/w/index.php?title=Ista_coat&action=edit&redlink=1) (the Nepalese sleeveless half-jacket) and a topi, while Gunyou Cholo (a ghagra (/wiki/Ghagra) - kurta (/wiki/Kurta) style women's dress) is the dress for a woman who generally wore no topi. [1] (#cite_note-Barun-1) Various ethnic groups wear their own constituent traditional dresses. For instance, the Tamang (/wiki/Tamang_people) women wear distinctive headgear with an added cotton or woollen wrapper is also worn over the cap. Some Buddhist Tamang women wear Bakhus which are ethnic to the Tibetan people. [1] (#cite_note-Barun-1) The once mandatory topi of a Nepali man can be either black (called bhaad-gaaule (/wiki/Bhaad-gaaule_topi) or kalo topi ) or multicoloured (called Dhaka or Nepali topi ). [23] (#cite_note-23) Bhaad-gaaule topis are similar to Dhaka topi but they are black in colour given the fact that they are not made from Dhaka. [1] (#cite_note-Barun-1) Before the Nepali government started promoting Dhaka topis, Bhaad-gaaule topis largely made in Bhaktapur (/wiki/Bhaktapur) were the popular Nepali headgear, especially common to Newaris (/wiki/Newar_people) . These kalo topis (blacks caps), once preferred by Rana dynasty (/wiki/Rana_dynasty) elites, are now making a comeback, particularly among the youth. Milliners (/wiki/Milliner) of Bhaktapur, once almost put out of business by the advent of Dhaka topi, were making as many as 600 kalo topis a week by 2015. [24] (#cite_note-24) Besides Dhaka and kalo topis there are a number of other topis made and worn in Nepal including chuclie topi , birke topi (/wiki/Birke_topi) , karchupe topi and cap topi . [8] (#cite_note-Subba-8) [25] (#cite_note-25) See also [ edit ] Birke topi (/wiki/Birke_topi) Bhaad-gaaule topi (/wiki/Bhaad-gaaule_topi) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d Roy, Barun (2012). Gorkhas and Gorkhaland . Barun Roy. p. 188. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9789810786465 . ^ a b Wicks, Len (2014). Discovery: A Story of Human Courage and Our Beginnings . BookBaby. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781483532967 . ^ a b Ojha, Ek Raj; Weber, Karl E. (1993). Production Credit for Rural Women . Division of Human Settlements Development, Asian Institute of Technology. p. XXX. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9789748209715 . ^ a b c d Kasajū, Vinaya Kumāra (1988). Palpa, as You Like it . Kathmandu: Kumar Press. p. 96. ^ a b c d e Amendra Pokharel," Dented Pride: The Story of Daura Suruwal and Dhaka Topi (http://ecs.com.np/features/dented-pride-the-story-of-daura-suruwal-and-dhaka-topi) ", ECS Nepal , 11 July 2010 ^ (#cite_ref-6) Sales of Dhaka items soar in Palpa district. Madhav Aryal, PALPA (http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2016-10-31/sales-of-dhaka-items-soar-in-palpa-district.html) ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Nepali Dhaka topi: About Nepal and Nepali Language" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160219093219/http://www.nepalabout.com/nepali-dhaka-topi/) . www.nepalabout.com . Archived from the original (http://www.nepalabout.com/nepali-dhaka-topi/) on 19 February 2016 . Retrieved 12 February 2016 . ^ a b c Subba, Tanka Bahadur (1992). Ethnicity, state, and development . Har-Anand Publications in association with Vikas Pub. p. 239. ^ a b c d Muzzini, Elisa; Aparicio, Gabriela (2013). Urban Growth and Spatial Transition in Nepal . World Bank Publications. p. 113. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780821396612 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Himalayan News Service (27 August 2016). "Dhaka topi losing appeal among younger Nepalis". The Himalayan Times . Kathmandu: International Media Network Nepal. ^ (#cite_ref-11) "People Who wears Dhoti in Nepal : The State Daily" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073432/http://www.thestatedaily.com/2015/10/dhoti-racism-constitution-and-human-rights-violation/) . Archived from the original (http://www.thestatedaily.com/2015/10/dhoti-racism-constitution-and-human-rights-violation/) on 4 March 2016 . Retrieved 29 May 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Mishra, Pramod (1 January 2016). "Times of confusion and fusion" (http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2017-01-19/times-of-confusion-and-fusion.html) . Kathmandu Post . Kathmndu, Nepal: Ekantipur. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Staff reporter (1 January 2016). "Morcha marks 'Dhoti day' in Kalaiya" (http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2016-01-01/morcha-marks-dhoti-day-in-kalaiya.html) . Kathmandu Post . Kathmndu, Nepal: Ekantipur. ^ (#cite_ref-14) Gautam, Kul Chandra (20 May 2017). "A Window into Madhes-Pahad Relations" (http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2017-05-20/a-window-into-madhes-pahad-relations.html) . Kathmandu post . Kathmandu: Ekantipur. ^ (#cite_ref-15) Khan, Aaquib (27 June 2017). "How the Madhes crisis threatens Nepal's landmark polls, and India" (https://www.dailyo.in/politics/nepal-madhesi-crisis-local-level-elections-hills-terai/story/1/18035.html) . Daily O . Delhi: India Today Group. ^ a b c d e Dunsmore, Susi (1993). Nepalese textiles . UK: British Museum Press. p. 90. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780714125107 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Poudyal, Anubhuti, " Put a cap on it (http://ecs.com.np/lifestyle/put-a-cap-on-it) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20171012201415/http://ecs.com.np/lifestyle/put-a-cap-on-it) 2017-10-12 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ", ECS Nepal , 12 December 2013. ^ (#cite_ref-18) Dunsmore, Susi (1993). Nepalese textiles . UK: British Museum Press. p. 117. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780714125107 . ^ a b c Nirmal Shrestha, " Palpali Dhaka (http://ecs.com.np/features/palpali-dhaka) ", ECS Nepal , 6 May 2016 ^ (#cite_ref-20) Aryal, Madhav (16 November 2021). "Palpali dhaka to be branded to protect local industry" (https://kathmandupost.com/money/2021/11/15/palpali-dhaka-to-be-branded-to-protect-local-industry) . The Kathmandu Post . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211116035115/https://kathmandupost.com/money/2021/11/15/palpali-dhaka-to-be-branded-to-protect-local-industry) from the original on 16 November 2021 . Retrieved 16 November 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Editorial Board (2001). Experience it in Nepal, Mt. Everest & More . Vol. 1. Kathmandu: Nepal Tourism Board. p. 26. ^ (#cite_ref-22) Ghimire, Binod; Regmi, Rajesh (2000). Experience Nepal: A Travel Guide . R.G. Publications. p. 104. ^ (#cite_ref-23) Reed, David (2002). The Rough Guide to Nepal . Rough Guides. p. 583. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781858288994 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Ojha, Anup (13 January 2015). "Bhadgaule topi winning over young hearts" (http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2015-01-13/bhadgaule-topi-winning-over-young-hearts.html) . Kathmandu Post . Kathmandu: Ekantipur. ^ (#cite_ref-25) "Nepalese Costume" (http://www.imnepal.com/costumes-nepal-nepalese-tours-travels-places-visits/) . I am Nepal. External links [ edit ] "Nepali Topi, Mark of the Nepali Man" (http://www.shankerhotel.com.np/blog/2014/11/14/nepali-topi-mark-of-the-nepali-man) . Hotel Shanker . 14 November 2014. "International Nepali Dhaka topi day celebrated (in photos)" (http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2016-01-01/dhaka-topi-day-being-celebrated.html) . Lionel Messi wears a Dhaka topi (https://www.huffingtonpost.com/rajan-thapaliya/mt-everest-messi-and-barc_b_9901332.html) , Huffington Post v t e Clothing in South Asia History (/wiki/History_of_clothing_in_the_Indian_subcontinent) Clothes Achkan (/wiki/Achkan) Ajrak (/wiki/Ajrak) Angarkha (/wiki/Angarkha) Antriya (/wiki/Antriya) Argon (/wiki/Argon_(clothing)) Bakhu/Kho (/wiki/Kho_(costume)) Blouse (/wiki/Blouse) Choli (/wiki/Choli) Churidar (/wiki/Churidar) Daura-Suruwal (/wiki/Daura-Suruwal) Dhakai shari (/wiki/Dhakai) Dhoti (/wiki/Dhoti) Dumdyam (/wiki/Dumdyam) Dumpra (/wiki/Dumpra) Dupatta (/wiki/Dupatta) Farshi Pajama (/wiki/Farshi_Pajama) Ghagra choli (/wiki/Ghagra_choli) Ghoonghat (/wiki/Ghoonghat) Gamucha (/wiki/Gamucha) Gamosa (/wiki/Gamosa) Gharara (/wiki/Gharara) Gho (/wiki/Gho) Jama (/wiki/Jama_(coat)) Jamawar (/wiki/Jamawar) Jodhpuri (/wiki/Jodhpuri) Kabney (/wiki/Kabney) Kasta sari (/wiki/Kasta_sari) Kaupina(m) (/wiki/Kaupinam) Khalat (/wiki/Khalat) Kira 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2021 film by Craig Gillespie Cruella Release poster Directed by Craig Gillespie (/wiki/Craig_Gillespie) Screenplay by Dana Fox (/wiki/Dana_Fox) Tony McNamara (/wiki/Tony_McNamara_(writer)) Story by Aline Brosh McKenna (/wiki/Aline_Brosh_McKenna) Kelly Marcel (/wiki/Kelly_Marcel) Steve Zissis (/wiki/Steve_Zissis) Based on The Hundred and One Dalmatians (/wiki/The_Hundred_and_One_Dalmatians) by Dodie Smith (/wiki/Dodie_Smith) Produced by Andrew Gunn (/wiki/Andrew_Gunn_(film_producer)) Marc Platt (/wiki/Marc_Platt_(producer)) Kristin Burr (/wiki/Kristin_Burr) Starring Emma Stone (/wiki/Emma_Stone) Emma Thompson (/wiki/Emma_Thompson) Joel Fry (/wiki/Joel_Fry_(actor)) Paul Walter Hauser (/wiki/Paul_Walter_Hauser) Emily Beecham (/wiki/Emily_Beecham) Kirby Howell-Baptiste (/wiki/Kirby_Howell-Baptiste) Mark Strong (/wiki/Mark_Strong) Cinematography Nicolas Karakatsanis Edited by Tatiana S. Riegel (/wiki/Tatiana_S._Riegel) Music by Nicholas Britell (/wiki/Nicholas_Britell) Production companies Walt Disney Pictures (/wiki/Walt_Disney_Pictures) [1] (#cite_note-1) Marc Platt Productions [2] (#cite_note-PlattCruella-2) Gunn Films [3] (#cite_note-GunnCruella-3) Distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures (/wiki/Walt_Disney_Studios_Motion_Pictures) Release dates May 18, 2021 ( 2021-05-18 ) ( El Capitan Theatre (/wiki/El_Capitan_Theatre) ) May 28, 2021 ( 2021-05-28 ) (United States) Running time 134 minutes [4] (#cite_note-VarietyReview-4) Country United States Language English Budget $100–200 million [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-opening2-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) Box office $233.5 million [a] (#cite_note-11) Cruella is a 2021 American crime comedy film (/wiki/Crime_comedy_film) directed by Craig Gillespie (/wiki/Craig_Gillespie) from a screenplay by Dana Fox (/wiki/Dana_Fox) and Tony McNamara (/wiki/Tony_McNamara_(writer)) , and a story by Aline Brosh McKenna (/wiki/Aline_Brosh_McKenna) , Kelly Marcel (/wiki/Kelly_Marcel) , and Steve Zissis (/wiki/Steve_Zissis) . [11] (#cite_note-WGA-12) Produced by Walt Disney Pictures (/wiki/Walt_Disney_Pictures) , Marc Platt Productions, and Gunn Films, it is based on Dodie Smith (/wiki/Dodie_Smith) 's 1956 novel The Hundred and One Dalmatians (/wiki/The_Hundred_and_One_Dalmatians) , [12] (#cite_note-continuity_Collider-13) serving as a backstory (/wiki/Backstory) and an alternate origin story for its antagonist, Cruella de Vil (/wiki/Cruella_de_Vil) . It is also the third live-action adaptation (/wiki/List_of_Disney_live-action_adaptations_and_remakes_of_Disney_animated_films) in the 101 Dalmatians franchise (/wiki/101_Dalmatians_(franchise)) . The film stars Emma Stone (/wiki/Emma_Stone) as the title character, with Emma Thompson (/wiki/Emma_Thompson) , Joel Fry (/wiki/Joel_Fry_(actor)) , Paul Walter Hauser (/wiki/Paul_Walter_Hauser) , Emily Beecham (/wiki/Emily_Beecham) , Kirby Howell-Baptiste (/wiki/Kirby_Howell-Baptiste) , and Mark Strong (/wiki/Mark_Strong) in supporting roles. Set in London during the punk rock movement (/wiki/Punk_subculture) of the 1970s, the film follows Estella Miller, an aspiring fashion designer, as she explores the path that leads her to become a notorious up-and-coming fashion designer known as Cruella de Vil. [13] (#cite_note-14) In 2013, Disney announced the film's development with Andrew Gunn (/wiki/Andrew_Gunn_(film_producer)) as a producer. Stone was cast in 2016 and also serves as an executive producer on the film alongside Glenn Close (/wiki/Glenn_Close) , who portrayed Cruella in the previous live-action adaptations, 101 Dalmatians (/wiki/101_Dalmatians_(1996_film)) (1996) and 102 Dalmatians (/wiki/102_Dalmatians) (2000). Principal photography took place in England between August and November 2019 with a $100–200 million budget. Cruella premiered in Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) on May 18, 2021, in the first major red carpet event since the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) began. It was released in the United States theatrically by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures (/wiki/Walt_Disney_Studios_Motion_Pictures) and simultaneously (/wiki/Simultaneous_release) available on Disney+ (/wiki/Disney%2B) with its Premier Access (/wiki/Disney%2B_Premier_Access) feature on May 28, to generally positive reviews from critics. The film earned two nominations at the 94th Academy Awards (/wiki/94th_Academy_Awards) , including Best Makeup and Hairstyling (/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Makeup_and_Hairstyling) , winning Best Costume Design (/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design) . It was also nominated in the former category and won in the latter at the 27th Critics' Choice Awards (/wiki/27th_Critics%27_Choice_Awards) and 75th British Academy Film Awards (/wiki/75th_British_Academy_Film_Awards) , while Stone was nominated for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Comedy or Musical (/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Actress_%E2%80%93_Motion_Picture_Comedy_or_Musical) at the 79th Golden Globe Awards (/wiki/79th_Golden_Globe_Awards) . A sequel is in development, with Stone set to reprise her role. Plot [ edit ] In 1964 England, Estella is a creative child with a talent for fashion, but is ostracized for her black and white hair and develops a nefarious streak. Her mother, Catherine, uses the name "Cruella" for her nefarious streak and attempts to encourage her to be nicer. After Estella keeps getting in trouble at school, Catherine decides to move them to London (/wiki/London) , stopping at a party at Hellman Hall, a mansion on the Suffolk (/wiki/Suffolk) coast to ask the host for money. Sneaking inside, Estella loses her mother's necklace while being chased by the host's Dalmatian dogs (/wiki/Dalmatian_dog) , which push Catherine off a cliffside balcony to her death. Orphaned, Estella runs away to London and befriends street urchins Jasper and Horace. The three become great friends; Estella practices thievery and grifts (/wiki/Grifts) with Jasper and Horace, honing her fashion skills by designing their disguises, alongside their dogs, Buddy and Wink. For her birthday in 1977, Jasper gets her a job at the Liberty department store (/wiki/Liberty_(department_store)) , but Estella is made a janitor and denied the chance to use her talents. She drunkenly redecorates the window display (/wiki/Window_display) and impresses the Baroness—a renowned-but-authoritarian haute couture (/wiki/Haute_couture) designer—who offers her a coveted job at her fashion house. Estella gains Baroness's confidence but notices her wearing Catherine's necklace, which Baroness claims is a family heirloom that an employee once stole. Estella asks Jasper and Horace to help retrieve it during Baroness's Black and White Ball, suspecting that Baroness is lying. To conceal her identity, Estella creates an alter-ego, " Cruella (/wiki/Cruella_de_Vil) ", letting her natural hair show rather than wearing her usual wig and wearing one of the Baroness's old designs from a vintage clothing store owned by the flamboyant Artie. At the ball, Cruella steals the spotlight as Jasper and Horace break into Baroness's vault, but they realise that the Baroness is already wearing the necklace. Jasper improvises and releases rats into the party, allowing Estella to swipe the necklace. The Baroness summons her Dalmatians with a dog whistle, and Estella realizes the Baroness caused Catherine's death. In the ensuing chaos, a Dalmatian swallows the necklace. Seeking revenge, Estella orders Jasper and Horace to kidnap the Dalmatians, and recovers the necklace. Cruella upstages the Baroness at various events in extravagant fashions, gaining notoriety via society columnist Anita Darling, Estella's childhood friend who has agreed to continue writing articles about her. Furious, Baroness fires her lawyer, Roger Dearly, while Cruella's increasingly haughty behavior discomforts Jasper. Estella designs and sews an elaborately beaded dress, secretly disguising moth cocoons as beads, as the signature piece for Baroness's spring collection. The night of the spring show, the Baroness opens the vault to find that the collection has been destroyed by the moths. After seeing this, Baroness realizes Estella and Cruella are the same person. Having wrecked Baroness' show, Cruella stages her own rock music fashion show outside in Regent's Park (/wiki/Regent%27s_Park) , wearing a faux Dalmatian-fur coat to trick Baroness into thinking she killed her dogs. Returning home, Estella is confronted by Baroness and her men, who have captured Jasper and Horace. Setting fire to the building, Baroness leaves Estella to die, and has Jasper and Horace sent to prison for her murder. Estella is saved by John, Baroness's valet, who reveals that the necklace unlocks a box containing Estella's birth records: Baroness is her biological mother. She had ordered John to murder the infant Estella to focus on her career and keep her husband's inheritance, telling the Baron the baby died; the heartbroken Baron died soon after that. Instead, John gave the baby to Catherine, one of Baroness's maids, who raised Estella in secret. Cruella breaks Jasper and Horace out of prison and reveals the truth, recruiting them, Artie and John for her final scheme. The quintet sneaks into Baroness's charity gala, having arranged for all the guests to dress as Cruella. On the balcony, Estella confronts her mother, who feigns an embrace before pushing her over the cliff, unwittingly witnessed by her guests. Estella secretly survives with a hidden parachute and, now legally dead, adopts her Cruella persona for good. Baroness is arrested, swearing revenge on Cruella. Before "dying", Estella willed her inheritance to Cruella, including the manor which she renames from Hellman Hall to "Hell Hall", moving in with her accomplices at the end of the film. Cast [ edit ] Emma Stone (/wiki/Emma_Stone) as Estella / Cruella (/wiki/Cruella_de_Vil) : An ambitious grifter and aspiring fashion designer, who goes on to become a notorious and dangerous criminal. [14] (#cite_note-Kit-15) [15] (#cite_note-Fleming-16) Billie Gadsdon as 5-year-old Estella Tipper Seifert-Cleveland as 12-year-old Estella [16] (#cite_note-Seifert-Cleveland-17) Emma Thompson (/wiki/Emma_Thompson) as Baroness von Hellman: The narcissistic (/wiki/Narcissistic) , authoritarian (/wiki/Authoritarian) , and egotistical (/wiki/Egotistical) head of a prestigious London fashion house and a renowned haute couture (/wiki/Haute_couture) designer (/wiki/Fashion_design) , who is Estella's new boss and eventual rival. She plays a key role in Estella's transformation. Joel Fry (/wiki/Joel_Fry_(actor)) as Jasper: A thief who grew up with Estella after her adoptive mother's death. To play Jasper, Fry did not look back at the character's depiction in the original animated film (/wiki/One_Hundred_and_One_Dalmatians) or the 1996 live-action remake (/wiki/101_Dalmatians_(1996_film)) , only copying his physical mannerisms. [17] (#cite_note-Fry&Hauser-18) Ziggy Gardner as young Jasper Paul Walter Hauser (/wiki/Paul_Walter_Hauser) as Horace: A thief who grew up with Estella after her adoptive mother's death and Jasper's brother. Hauser drew inspiration for the role from the performance of Bob Hoskins (/wiki/Bob_Hoskins) as Mr. Smee (/wiki/Mr._Smee) in Hook (/wiki/Hook_(1991_film)) . [17] (#cite_note-Fry&Hauser-18) Joseph MacDonald as young Horace Emily Beecham (/wiki/Emily_Beecham) as Catherine: Estella's adoptive mother, an impoverished laundrywoman and former maid at Hellman Hall. Kirby Howell-Baptiste (/wiki/Kirby_Howell-Baptiste) as Anita Darling: Estella's friend when Estella was a kid, who works as a gossip columnist. [18] (#cite_note-AnitaTattletale_CNT-19) [19] (#cite_note-differentAnita_RT-20) Anita is later gifted a female Dalmatian puppy named Perdita (/wiki/Pongo_and_Perdita) by Cruella. Florisa Kamara as young Anita Mark Strong (/wiki/Mark_Strong) as John: The Baroness's valet and loyal confidante who aids her in her schemes. John McCrea (/wiki/John_McCrea_(actor)) portrays Artie, a member of Cruella's entourage and owner of a vintage fashion shop. He was the first original character in a live-action Disney film to be openly gay and the character is inspired by David Bowie (/wiki/David_Bowie) 's Ziggy Stardust (/wiki/Ziggy_Stardust_(character)) and Marc Bolan (/wiki/Marc_Bolan) . [20] (#cite_note-21) [21] (#cite_note-22) Additionally, Kayvan Novak (/wiki/Kayvan_Novak) portrays Roger Dearly, a lawyer working for the Baroness, who becomes a songwriter after he is fired, and is subsequently gifted a male Dalmatian puppy named Pongo (/wiki/Pongo_and_Perdita) by Cruella; Jamie Demetriou (/wiki/Jamie_Demetriou) portrays Gerald, a clerk at Liberty (/wiki/Liberty_(department_store)) who is Estella's initial boss; Andrew Leung portrays Jeffrey, the Baroness's assistant; Leo Bill (/wiki/Leo_Bill) portrays the headmaster at Estella's school; Paul Bazely (/wiki/Paul_Bazely) portrays the police commissioner Weston; Ed Birch portrays the Baroness's head of security; Paul Chowdhry (/wiki/Paul_Chowdhry) portrays a Kebab Shop Owner, while Abraham Popoola portrays his co-worker George; and Tom Turner appears as the Baron von Hellman, the Baroness's late husband and Cruella's biological father. Production [ edit ] Development and casting [ edit ] Craig Gillespie (/wiki/Craig_Gillespie) took over as director from Alex Timbers. A live-action Cruella de Vil (/wiki/Cruella_de_Vil) film, based upon the character in Disney's 101 Dalmatians (/wiki/101_Dalmatians_(franchise)) franchise, was announced in 2013. [22] (#cite_note-HR2013-23) Andrew Gunn (/wiki/Andrew_Gunn_(film_producer)) was hired to produce the film, with Glenn Close (/wiki/Glenn_Close) (who previously played the character in the 1996 live-action adaptation 101 Dalmatians (/wiki/101_Dalmatians_(1996_film)) and its sequel 102 Dalmatians (/wiki/102_Dalmatians) ) serving as executive producer [3] (#cite_note-GunnCruella-3) [22] (#cite_note-HR2013-23) and Kelly Marcel (/wiki/Kelly_Marcel) revising the script originally written by Aline Brosh McKenna (/wiki/Aline_Brosh_McKenna) . In January 2016, Emma Stone (/wiki/Emma_Stone) was cast in the titular role of Cruella de Vil. [14] (#cite_note-Kit-15) Costume designer Jenny Beavan (/wiki/Jenny_Beavan) later stated that her role on the film was to help Stone appear as a younger 1970s portrayal of Close's 1990s role in 101 Dalmatians (/wiki/101_Dalmatians_(1996_film)) , possibly confirming the shared continuity between the films, though the characters of Roger and Anita appear as the same age as Cruella and portrayed as different races with different occupations in this film. [12] (#cite_note-continuity_Collider-13) However, Stone was not allowed to portray Cruella smoking as she had previously been since Disney had banned characters being shown smoking in its films since 2007. [23] (#cite_note-24) In August 2016, Jez Butterworth (/wiki/Jez_Butterworth) was hired to rewrite the previous draft of the screenplay. [24] (#cite_note-25) In November 2016, it was reported that Disney had hired Alex Timbers (/wiki/Alex_Timbers) to direct the live-action adaptation, with Marc Platt (/wiki/Marc_Platt_(producer)) joining the film as a producer. [2] (#cite_note-PlattCruella-2) However, in December 2018, it was revealed that Timbers had left the film due to scheduling conflicts and Craig Gillespie (/wiki/Craig_Gillespie) would instead direct the film. [25] (#cite_note-26) In May 2019, Emma Thompson (/wiki/Emma_Thompson) joined the cast as the Baroness, described as "an antagonist to Cruella who's thought to be pivotal in her transformation to the villain we know today." Nicole Kidman (/wiki/Nicole_Kidman) was considered to be the top choice, and Charlize Theron (/wiki/Charlize_Theron) , Julianne Moore (/wiki/Julianne_Moore) and Demi Moore (/wiki/Demi_Moore) were also in consideration for the role, [26] (#cite_note-27) while Dev Patel (/wiki/Dev_Patel) was considered for the role of Roger Dearly. The same month, Tony McNamara (/wiki/Tony_McNamara_(writer)) and Dana Fox (/wiki/Dana_Fox) were hired to write the recent version of the screenplay. [27] (#cite_note-28) Joel Fry (/wiki/Joel_Fry_(actor)) and Paul Walter Hauser (/wiki/Paul_Walter_Hauser) were added in the following months as Jasper and Horace. [28] (#cite_note-29) [29] (#cite_note-30) Filming [ edit ] In August 2019, during the D23 Expo (/wiki/D23_(Disney)) , it was revealed that principal photography (/wiki/Principal_photography) for Cruella had already begun. [30] (#cite_note-31) In September 2019, Mark Strong (/wiki/Mark_Strong) , Emily Beecham (/wiki/Emily_Beecham) and Kirby Howell-Baptiste (/wiki/Kirby_Howell-Baptiste) were added to the cast. [31] (#cite_note-32) [32] (#cite_note-33) [33] (#cite_note-34) Filming wrapped in November 2019. [34] (#cite_note-35) Music and soundtrack [ edit ] Main article: Cruella (soundtrack) (/wiki/Cruella_(soundtrack)) Nicholas Britell (/wiki/Nicholas_Britell) composed the film's score. [35] (#cite_note-BritellDisneyCruella-36) The score album was released on May 21, 2021, by Walt Disney Records (/wiki/Walt_Disney_Records) . [36] (#cite_note-ScoreDate-37) A separate soundtrack album for the film was released on the same day. Both albums feature "Call Me Cruella", an original song performed by Florence and the Machine (/wiki/Florence_and_the_Machine) , which appears in the end credits of the film. [37] (#cite_note-FlorenceCall-38) Release [ edit ] Theatrical and streaming [ edit ] Cruella was originally scheduled to be theatrically released on December 23, 2020, [38] (#cite_note-39) [39] (#cite_note-40) but it was delayed to May 28, 2021. [40] (#cite_note-41) The film received a PG-13 rating (/wiki/Motion_Picture_Association_film_rating_system#Ratings) from the Motion Picture Association (/wiki/Motion_Picture_Association) , "for some violence and thematic elements," making it the second live-action remake/spin-off of a Disney animated film to receive the rating, following Mulan (/wiki/Mulan_(2020_film)) . [41] (#cite_note-42) On March 23, 2021, it was announced that the film would be released simultaneously on Disney+ with Premier Access (/wiki/Disney%2B_Premier_Access) in response (/wiki/List_of_films_impacted_by_the_COVID-19_pandemic) to the COVID-19 pandemic (/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic) . [42] (#cite_note-43) The film premiered at the El Capitan Theatre (/wiki/El_Capitan_Theatre) in Los Angeles on May 18, 2021, the first major red carpet premiere since the pandemic began. [43] (#cite_note-44) Tickets for the theatrical screenings went on sale on May 14, 2021, and it was announced that the film would also be screened in Dolby Cinema (/wiki/Dolby_Cinema) in select territories. [44] (#cite_note-45) [45] (#cite_note-46) It was first screened for critics the same day. [46] (#cite_note-47) Marketing [ edit ] A prequel novel titled Cruella: Hello, Cruel Heart was published by Disney Publishing Worldwide (/wiki/Disney_Publishing_Worldwide) on April 6, 2021. Written by Maureen Johnson (/wiki/Maureen_Johnson) , the novel is set before the events of the movie, in 1967. It followed sixteen-year-old Estella and her encounter with Magda and Richard Moresby-Plum, two wealthy siblings who introduced her to the world of the rich and famous. [47] (#cite_note-PrequelNovel-48) A tie-in novelization of the film by Elizabeth Rudnick was published by Disney on April 13, 2021. [48] (#cite_note-Novelization-49) A book titled Cruella's Sketchbook was also released on the same day. [49] (#cite_note-Sketchbook-50) A manga (/wiki/Manga) adaptation of the movie by Hachi Ishie, titled Cruella: Black, White and Red was released by Viz Media (/wiki/Viz_Media) on August 17, 2021. [50] (#cite_note-Manga-51) On May 28, 2021, MAC Cosmetics (/wiki/MAC_Cosmetics) launched a make-up collection inspired by the film. [51] (#cite_note-MAC-52) On May 28, 2021, Disney+ (/wiki/Disney%2B) , in partnership with Social Tailors and Jeferson Araujo released an AR Effect [52] (#cite_note-53) for Cruella , where users could share stories on Instagram of themselves with makeup and visuals inspired by the film. [53] (#cite_note-AR_Effect-54) [54] (#cite_note-55) Home media [ edit ] According to Samba TV (/wiki/Samba_TV) , the film was watched on PVOD (/wiki/Video_on_demand#Premium) by about 686,000 American households in its debut weekend (39% behind Mulan (/wiki/Mulan_(2020_film)) ' s 1.12 million), resulting in around $20.57 million in revenue for Disney. The company also reported 83,000 UK households watched the film (resulting in $2.35 million), 15,000 in Germany, and 9,000 in Australia. [55] (#cite_note-56) In its first 30 days, the film was watched in an estimated 1.8 million U.S. households, generating a total of $54 million. [8] (#cite_note-VOD-gross-8) In January 2022, tech firm Akamai (/wiki/Akamai) reported that Cruella was the seventh most pirated (/wiki/Online_piracy) film of 2021. [56] (#cite_note-57) Cruella was released by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment (/wiki/Walt_Disney_Studios_Home_Entertainment) on Digital (/wiki/Digital_HD) on June 25, 2021, and Ultra HD Blu-ray (/wiki/Ultra_HD_Blu-ray) , Blu-ray (/wiki/Blu-ray) and DVD (/wiki/DVD) on September 21, 2021. In the United Kingdom and Australia, the film was released on home video on August 16 and 18, respectively. [57] (#cite_note-58) [58] (#cite_note-59) On August 27, the film was made available for streaming to all customers on Disney+ (/wiki/Disney%2B) . [59] (#cite_note-60) Reception [ edit ] Box office [ edit ] Cruella grossed $86.1 million in the United States and Canada, and $147.4 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $233.5 million. [9] (#cite_note-BOM-9) [10] (#cite_note-NUM-10) In the United States and Canada, Cruella was released alongside A Quiet Place Part II (/wiki/A_Quiet_Place_Part_II) , and was projected to gross $17–23 million from 3,892 theaters in its opening weekend, and around $30 million over the four-day Memorial Day (/wiki/Memorial_Day) frame. [60] (#cite_note-61) The film made $7.7 million in its first day, including $1.4 million from Thursday night previews. It went on to debut to $21.5 million and a total of $26.5 million over the four days, finishing second at the box office. 61% of the tracked audience was female, with 43% being under 25 years old. [61] (#cite_note-opening-62) [6] (#cite_note-opening2-6) In its sophomore weekend the film grossed $11 million, finishing third behind The Conjuring: The Devil Made Me Do It (/wiki/The_Conjuring:_The_Devil_Made_Me_Do_It) and A Quiet Place Part II . [62] (#cite_note-63) [63] (#cite_note-64) The film then fell to 5th place in its third weekend, grossing $6.7 million. [64] (#cite_note-65) Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) wrote that despite having a running total of $71 million through five weeks, sources believed that the "Disney+ Premier PVOD tier is impacting the pic's overall revenue, not just at the box office, but in the movie's downstream ancillary revenues." [65] (#cite_note-66) The film made $26.5 million in its domestic opening and earned $16.1 million in 29 other countries, for a global debut of $43 million. [66] (#cite_note-67) In China, Cruella debuted with a less-than-expected $1.7 million opening, finishing behind holdover F9 (/wiki/F9_(film)) which earned $8.9 million. [67] (#cite_note-68) Critical response [ edit ] The performances of Emma Stone (/wiki/Emma_Stone) and Emma Thompson (/wiki/Emma_Thompson) were praised by critics. [68] (#cite_note-69) [69] (#cite_note-70) On the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes (/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes) , 75% of 408 critics have given the film a positive review, with an average rating of 6.8/10. The website's critics consensus reads: " Cruella can't quite answer the question of why its title character needed an origin story, but this dazzling visual feast is awfully fun to watch whenever its leading ladies lock horns." [70] (#cite_note-71) On Metacritic (/wiki/Metacritic) , the film has a weighted average score of 59 out of 100 based on 56 critic reviews, indicating "mixed or average reviews". [71] (#cite_note-72) Audiences polled by CinemaScore (/wiki/CinemaScore) gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale, while PostTrak (/wiki/PostTrak) reported 84% of audience members gave it a positive score, with 63% saying they would definitely recommend it. [61] (#cite_note-opening-62) Writing for Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) , Peter Debruge said: "The director, who brought a wicked edge to pop-culture redux I, Tonya (/wiki/I,_Tonya) a few years back, has rescued Cruella from the predictability of the earlier 101 Dalmatians remakes and created a stylish new franchise of its own in which a one-time villain has been reborn as the unlikeliest of role models." [4] (#cite_note-VarietyReview-4) A. O. Scott (/wiki/A._O._Scott) of The New York Times (/wiki/The_New_York_Times) called the film "easy enough to watch but hard to care much about," complimenting the film's visual style while also finding that "[the film's] main purpose is to remind you that other movies exist." [72] (#cite_note-73) Peter Travers (/wiki/Peter_Travers) , reviewing the film for ABC News (/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)) , wrote: "If looks really were everything, Cruella would be flying high on the dazzling costumes that two-time Oscar winner Jenny Beavan has designed for star Emma Stone to swan around in as this iconic villain of page and screen. But looks alone won't cut it when the plot points are so hit and miss." [73] (#cite_note-74) [74] (#cite_note-75) Justin Chang (/wiki/Justin_Chang) of Los Angeles Times (/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times) remarked the movie as "dazzling fun" and lauded the performances of Stone and Thompson, of which he described the rivalry of the performances as "hard to resist on-screen", and hailed Beavan's costume design on the film as one of her best works since Mad Max: Fury Road (/wiki/Mad_Max:_Fury_Road) , while drawing parallels of the film's moral ambiguities and Stone's portrayal of the titular character to her previous performance as Abigail Hill (/wiki/Abigail_Hill) in The Favourite (/wiki/The_Favourite) . [75] (#cite_note-76) Alonso Duralde (/wiki/Alonso_Duralde) of TheWrap (/wiki/TheWrap) wrote: "Placing these characters in the '60s and '70s allows director Craig Gillespie and screenwriters Dana Fox and Tony McNamara to place the characters into an exciting moment of fashion history ... Costumer Jenny Beavan, art director Martin Foley, and production designer Fiona Crombie (/wiki/Fiona_Crombie) , and their respective departments, all seem to be enjoying and making the most of the film's period demands." In addition, Duralde also lauded the performances of Stone, Hauser, and Thompson, drawing comparisons of the characterizations of the latter's portrayal of the Baroness to Miranda Priestly (/wiki/Miranda_Priestly) in The Devil Wears Prada (/wiki/The_Devil_Wears_Prada_(film)) and Reynolds Woodcock in Phantom Thread (/wiki/Phantom_Thread) . [76] (#cite_note-77) Peter Bradshaw (/wiki/Peter_Bradshaw) of The Guardian (/wiki/The_Guardian) awarded the film four out of five stars, describing it as "entertaining" and an "outrageous punk", as well as praising the performances and dynamic between Stone and Thompson. Furthermore, Bradshaw also complimented the tone of the film's soundtrack to Michael Jackson (/wiki/Michael_Jackson) and similarly praised the film's mid-70s costume and production designs of Beavan and Crombie as "top-notch". [77] (#cite_note-78) Chicago Sun-Times (/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times) ' s Richard Roeper (/wiki/Richard_Roeper) rated the film with 3/4 stars, and highlighted Gillespie's direction for being "clever" and "devilishly offbeat" while praising the performances of Stone and Thompson as "appropriately over-the-top and wildly entertaining", drawing its comparisons to The Devil Wears Prada and also commended the costumes, makeup, and the production values of which he referred to as "spectacular", "dazzling" and a "visual feast", comparing its style to Phantom Thread and noting the similarities of the vibe and tone of the film's soundtrack to Goodfellas (/wiki/Goodfellas) , Kingsman: The Secret Service (/wiki/Kingsman:_The_Secret_Service) , and Baby Driver (/wiki/Baby_Driver) . [78] (#cite_note-79) The Daily Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) 's Robbie Collin (/wiki/Robbie_Collin) scored the film four out of five, similarly praised the film, which he described as a "rollicking tale" and an "acid-tipped wackiness", and lauded the film for its different approach in the Disney live-action adaptations as well as the previous 101 Dalmatians versions and its interpretation of the central character in a new context. He also similarly praised the performances (particularly Stone and Thompson) as well as the supporting cast, which he referred to as "zany", while specifically remarking of Stone's performance of Cruella De Vil as "sharp-angled, hyper-expressive" and that Thompson's portrayal of the Baroness "stalks the fine line between threatening and ludicrous with stiletto-heel precision". In addition, Collin also praised the film's visual style and Beavan's costume design as "eyeball-popping" and "a garden-hose-blast to the eyeballs of pure sartorial flair and exuberance". [79] (#cite_note-80) K. Austin Collins of Rolling Stone (/wiki/Rolling_Stone) rated the film with three out of five stars, praising Stone's success in embodying the titular character, and describing her performance as "vampy, stylish, and cruel" while comparing the film's style of storytelling to I, Tonya , of which he noted a similar internalized (/wiki/Internalization_(sociology)) victim-like (/wiki/Victim_mentality) story perspective of Tonya Harding (/wiki/Tonya_Harding) to Cruella de Vil and even pointed out on the similar "plausibly two-sided" depiction of Stone's Cruella to Andrea "Andy" Sachs from The Devil Wears Prada , but with a twisted spin. He also commended the supporting performances, particularly Thompson and Hauser, referring the film as "a battle of wits and knits", "entertaining", and "fun". [80] (#cite_note-81) Jamie Jirak from ComicBook.com called the film as "raising the bar when it comes to their [Disney's] live-action catalog", praising the art department, the performances and nostalgic elements. [81] (#cite_note-comicbook-5.26.21-82) Debopriyaa Dutta from Screen Rant (/wiki/Screen_Rant) opined that the film told a "masterfully nuanced origin" and praised the performances of Stone and Hauser. [82] (#cite_note-screenrant-5.26.21-83) The Hollywood Outsider (http://www.thehollywoodoutsider.com) ' s Morgan Lanier described the film as "taking place in the 70's with a lot of camp to lighten the mood", praising Stone for giving Cruella "a twist of vulnerability" and giving the longstanding Disney villain a "fun glimmer". Lanier also praised Thompson's performance saying "Thompson gives the baroness the ability to chill a room". Lanier concluded that the movie was "joyous, campy, great costumes, […] amplified by a killer soundtrack". [83] (#cite_note-84) Kate Erbland of IndieWire (/wiki/IndieWire) gave the film a "B−", and labelling the film as "exciting" and "fun" and a "colorful, loud, and unexpected look" on the origin story of Cruella De Vil while Erbland singled out the praises on the casting and the performances of Stone, Thompson, Fry, Hauser, and the costumes, but found fault at the film's runtime of which she referred it as "bloated". [84] (#cite_note-ErblandIndiewireCruellaReview-85) The Washington Post (/wiki/The_Washington_Post) ' s Ann Hornaday (/wiki/Ann_Hornaday) described the film as "tedious, transgressive, chaotic and inert". While praising the performances of Stone, Thompson, Fry, and Hauser, as well as the costumes; she criticized the film, writing, and the runtime of which she found it as "overstuffed", "overlong", and "miserably misanthropic". [85] (#cite_note-86) Mick LaSalle (/wiki/Mick_LaSalle) of the San Francisco Chronicle (/wiki/San_Francisco_Chronicle) thought the film was misbegotten and felt that it favors more on style over substance. Though he praised Thompson's performance, the costume design and the soundtrack, he chided the film's writing as "lazy" and "careless". [86] (#cite_note-87) Matt Zoller Seitz of RogerEbert.com (/wiki/RogerEbert.com) gave the film 2/4 stars, and said: "There's no denying that Cruella is stylish and kinetic, with a nasty edge that's unusual for a recent Disney live-action feature. But it's also exhausting, disorganized, and frustratingly inert, considering how hard it works to assure you that it's thrilling and cheeky." [87] (#cite_note-EbertReview-88) Jacobin (/wiki/Jacobin_(magazine)) ' s Eileen Jones labelled the film as a "dopey, uninspired, and tedious mess", specifically criticizing the script as "basically rotten" and describing the transformation of Cruella's character as "the complete mangling of one of the greatest Disney villains of all time." Jones took issue with the absence of the "implied critique [...] of Cruella's wealthy entitlement and mad consumer obsession" as shown in 101 Dalmatians , and the attempt to make a "legendary dalmatian-skinning villain" into a "scrappy, likable hero." Jones complimented the film's costume design, specifically emphasizing the "trash gown" shown at the Baroness fashion show, and describing it as "sufficiently cool that costume designer Jenny Beavan may win another Oscar." [88] (#cite_note-89) Accolades [ edit ] Award Date of ceremony Category Recipients Result Ref. Academy Awards (/wiki/Academy_Awards) March 27, 2022 (/wiki/94th_Academy_Awards) Best Costume Design (/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design) Jenny Beavan (/wiki/Jenny_Beavan) Won [89] (#cite_note-90) [90] (#cite_note-91) Best Makeup and Hairstyling (/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Makeup_and_Hairstyling) Nadia Stacey (/wiki/Nadia_Stacey) , Naomi Donne (/wiki/Naomi_Donne) , and Julia Vernon (/wiki/Julia_Vernon) Nominated Alliance of Women Film Journalists (/wiki/Alliance_of_Women_Film_Journalists) January 31, 2022 Time Waster Remake or Sequel Award Cruella Nominated [91] (#cite_note-92) ACE Eddie Awards (/wiki/ACE_Eddie_Awards) March 5, 2022 Best Edited Feature Film – Comedy (/wiki/American_Cinema_Editors_Award_for_Best_Edited_Feature_Film_%E2%80%93_Comedy_or_Musical) Tatiana S. Riegel (/wiki/Tatiana_S._Riegel) Nominated [92] (#cite_note-93) [93] (#cite_note-94) American Cinematheque Awards (/wiki/American_Cinematheque_Award) - Tribute To The Crafts January 26, 2022 Feature Film - Costume Designer Jenny Beavan Won [94] (#cite_note-95) Art Directors Guild Awards (/wiki/Art_Directors_Guild_Awards) March 5, 2022 (/wiki/Art_Directors_Guild_Awards_2021) Excellence in Production Design for a Fantasy Film (/wiki/Art_Directors_Guild_Award_for_Excellence_in_Production_Design_for_a_Fantasy_Film) Fiona Crombie (/wiki/Fiona_Crombie) Nominated [95] (#cite_note-96) [96] (#cite_note-97) British Academy Film Awards (/wiki/British_Academy_Film_Awards) March 13, 2022 (/wiki/75th_British_Academy_Film_Awards) Best Costume Design (/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design) Jenny Beavan Won [97] (#cite_note-98) Best Makeup and Hair (/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Makeup_and_Hair) Nadia Stacey and Naomi Donne Nominated Casting Society of America (/wiki/Casting_Society_of_America) March 23, 2022 (/wiki/37th_Artios_Awards) Feature Big Budget – Comedy Mary Vernieu, Lucy Bevan, Bret Howe, Emily Brockmann, and Olivia Grant Nominated [98] (#cite_note-99) Chicago Film Critics Association (/wiki/Chicago_Film_Critics_Association) December 15, 2021 (/wiki/Chicago_Film_Critics_Association_Awards_2021) Best Costume Design Jenny Beavan Nominated [99] (#cite_note-100) Costume Designers Guild Awards (/wiki/Costume_Designers_Guild) March 9, 2022 (/wiki/Costume_Designers_Guild#Costume_Designers_Guild_Awards) Excellence in Period Film (/wiki/Costume_Designers_Guild_Award_for_Excellence_in_Period_Film) Won [100] (#cite_note-101) [101] (#cite_note-102) [102] (#cite_note-103) Critics' Choice Movie Awards (/wiki/Critics%27_Choice_Movie_Awards) March 13, 2022 (/wiki/27th_Critics%27_Choice_Awards) Best Costume Design (/wiki/Critics%27_Choice_Movie_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design) Won [103] (#cite_note-104) Best Makeup (/wiki/Critics%27_Choice_Movie_Award_for_Best_Makeup) Cruella Nominated Dorian Awards (/wiki/Dorian_Awards) March 17, 2022 Campiest Flick Nominated [104] (#cite_note-105) Golden Globe Awards (/wiki/Golden_Globe_Awards) January 9, 2022 (/wiki/79th_Golden_Globe_Awards) Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Comedy or Musical (/wiki/Golden_Globe_Award_for_Best_Actress_%E2%80%93_Motion_Picture_Comedy_or_Musical) Emma Stone (/wiki/Emma_Stone) Nominated [105] (#cite_note-106) [106] (#cite_note-107) Gold Derby Film Awards (/wiki/Gold_Derby#Gold_Derby_Film_Awards) February 27, 2022 Best Costume Design Jenny Beavan Won [107] (#cite_note-108) Best Makeup and Hair Nadia Stacey, Naomi Donne, and Julia Vernon Nominated Grammy Awards (/wiki/Grammy_Awards) April 3, 2022 (/wiki/64th_Annual_Grammy_Awards) Best Compilation Soundtrack for Visual Media (/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Compilation_Soundtrack_for_Visual_Media) Cruella – Various Artists Nominated [108] (#cite_note-109) Hollywood Critics Association (/wiki/Hollywood_Critics_Association) January 8, 2022 Best Costume Design Jenny Beavan Won [109] (#cite_note-110) Best Hair & Makeup Carolyn Cousins and Nadia Stacey Nominated Las Vegas Film Critics Society Awards December 1, 2021 Best Costume Design Jenny Beavan Won [110] (#cite_note-111) London Film Critics' Circle (/wiki/London_Film_Critics%27_Circle) February 6, 2022 (/wiki/London_Film_Critics_Circle_Awards_2021) Technical Achievement of the Year (/wiki/London_Film_Critics%27_Circle_Award_for_Technical_Achievement_of_the_Year) Nominated [111] (#cite_note-112) Make-Up Artists and Hair Stylists Guild Awards (/wiki/Make-Up_Artists_and_Hair_Stylists_Guild_Awards) February 9, 2022 (/wiki/Make-Up_Artists_and_Hair_Stylists_Guild_Awards_2021) Best Period and/or Character Make-Up in a Feature-Length Motion Picture (/wiki/Make-Up_Artists_and_Hair_Stylists_Guild_Award_for_Best_Period_and/or_Character_Make-Up_in_a_Feature-Length_Motion_Picture) Nadia Stacey, Naomi Donne, and Guy Common Won [112] (#cite_note-113) Best Period and/or Character Hair Styling in a Feature-Length Motion Picture (/wiki/Make-Up_Artists_and_Hair_Stylists_Guild_Award_for_Best_Period_and/or_Character_Hair_Styling_in_a_Feature-Length_Motion_Picture) Nadia Stacey, Naomi Donne, and Julia Vernon Nominated Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards (/wiki/Nickelodeon_Kids%27_Choice_Awards) April 9, 2022 (/wiki/2022_Kids%27_Choice_Awards) Favorite Movie Actress Emma Stone Nominated [113] (#cite_note-114) People's Choice Awards (/wiki/People%27s_Choice_Awards) December 7, 2021 (/wiki/47th_People%27s_Choice_Awards) The Drama Movie of 2021 Cruella Won [114] (#cite_note-115) The Drama Movie Star of 2021 Emma Stone Nominated Online Film Critics Society Awards (/wiki/Online_Film_Critics_Society_Awards) January 24, 2022 (/wiki/Online_Film_Critics_Society_Awards_2021) Best Costume Design Cruella Nominated [115] (#cite_note-116) San Diego Film Critics Society (/wiki/San_Diego_Film_Critics_Society) January 10, 2022 (/wiki/San_Diego_Film_Critics_Society_Awards_2021) Best Costume Design Jenny Beavan Won [116] (#cite_note-117) [117] (#cite_note-118) Best Use of Music Cruella Nominated Saturn Awards (/wiki/Saturn_Awards) October 25, 2022 (/wiki/47th_Saturn_Awards) Best Fantasy Film (/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Fantasy_Film) Nominated [118] (#cite_note-119) Best Actress in a Film (/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Actress) Emma Stone Nominated Best Film Music (/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Music) Nicholas Britell (/wiki/Nicholas_Britell) Nominated Best Film Production Design (/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Production_Design) Sue Chan Nominated Best Film Costume Design (/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Costume_Design) Jenny Beavan Nominated Seattle Film Critics Society (/wiki/Seattle_Film_Critics_Society) January 17, 2022 (/wiki/2021_Seattle_Film_Critics_Society_Awards) Best Costume Design Nominated [119] (#cite_note-120) Set Decorators Society of America Awards (/wiki/Set_Decorators_Society_of_America_Awards) February 22, 2022 (/wiki/Set_Decorators_Society_of_America_Awards_2021) Best Achievement in Décor/Design of a Comedy or Musical Feature Film (/wiki/Set_Decorators_Society_of_America_Award_for_Best_Achievement_in_Decor/Design_of_a_Comedy_or_Musical_Feature_Film) Fiona Crombie and Alice Felton Nominated [120] (#cite_note-121) St. Louis Film Critics Association (/wiki/St._Louis_Film_Critics_Association) December 19, 2021 (/wiki/St._Louis_Gateway_Film_Critics_Association_Awards_2021) Best Costume Design Jenny Beavan Won [121] (#cite_note-122) Best Soundtrack Cruella Won Sequel [ edit ] In May 2021, both Stone and Thompson stated that they would like to do a second Cruella film as both a sequel and prequel in the style of The Godfather Part II (/wiki/The_Godfather_Part_II) . [122] (#cite_note-123) In June 2021, Disney announced that a sequel is officially in the early stages of development, with Gillespie and McNamara expected to return as director and writer, respectively. [123] (#cite_note-124) In August 2021, Stone closed a deal to reprise her role in the sequel. [124] (#cite_note-125) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Gyarkye, Lovia (May 29, 2021). "Emma Stone in 'Cruella': Film Review" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/disneys-cruella-film-review-1234957412/) . The Hollywood Reporter . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210531074343/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-reviews/disneys-cruella-film-review-1234957412/) from the original on May 31, 2021 . Retrieved May 29, 2021 . ^ a b Kit, Borys (December 14, 2016). "Disney's Live-Action 'Cruella' Finds Director" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/disneys-live-action-cruella-finds-director-954271) . The Hollywood Reporter . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20161214210423/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/disneys-live-action-cruella-finds-director-954271) from the original on December 14, 2016 . Retrieved December 15, 2016 . ^ a b Highfill, Samantha (October 1, 2013). "Disney is making a live-action Cruella de Vil movie" (http://insidemovies.ew.com/2013/10/01/disney-cruella-de-vil-movie/) . Entertainment Weekly (/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20131001174440/http://insidemovies.ew.com/2013/10/01/disney-cruella-de-vil-movie/) from the original on October 1, 2013 . Retrieved October 1, 2013 . ^ a b Debruge, Peter (May 26, 2021). " (https://variety.com/2021/film/reviews/cruella-review-emma-stone-1234981828/) 'Cruella' Review: Emma Stone Reimagines the '101 Dalmatians' de-Villainess as an Iconic Underdog" (https://variety.com/2021/film/reviews/cruella-review-emma-stone-1234981828/) . Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210526130233/https://variety.com/2021/film/reviews/cruella-review-emma-stone-1234981828/) from the original on May 26, 2021 . Retrieved May 26, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Mendelson, Scott (May 29, 2021). "Box Office: 'Cruella' Nabs Non-Fabulous $7.7 Million Friday" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottmendelson/2021/05/29/box-office-cruella-emma-stone-disney-nabs-8-million-friday/) . Forbes . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210608141320/https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottmendelson/2021/05/29/box-office-cruella-emma-stone-disney-nabs-8-million-friday/) from the original on June 8, 2021 . Retrieved May 29, 2021 . ^ a b Brueggemann, Tom (May 30, 2021). "The Opening Weekend for 'A Quiet Place Part II' Will Best Entire Box Office of 'Tenet' (https://www.indiewire.com/2021/05/opening-weekend-a-quiet-place-2-better-entire-box-office-tenet-1234641170/) " (https://www.indiewire.com/2021/05/opening-weekend-a-quiet-place-2-better-entire-box-office-tenet-1234641170/) . IndieWire (/wiki/IndieWire) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210530191710/https://www.indiewire.com/2021/05/opening-weekend-a-quiet-place-2-better-entire-box-office-tenet-1234641170/) from the original on May 30, 2021 . Retrieved May 30, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Bahr, Lindsey (May 28, 2021). "In a Punk 'Cruella,' Dogs Play Second Fiddle to the Designs" (https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/in-a-punk-cruella-dogs-play-second-fiddle-to-the-designs/2557387/) . NBC News . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210608141322/https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/in-a-punk-cruella-dogs-play-second-fiddle-to-the-designs/2557387/) from the original on June 8, 2021 . 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So fast paced and totally mad at times but I'm so proud of what we've done. Now to rest! #makeup #design #hair #designer #cruella #cruelladevil #emmastone #disney #teamworkmakesthedreamwork Thank you to the super talented @soleiljacksonillustration for my bags!" (https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/s/instagram/B5V-Td0DpeN) . Archived from the original (https://www.instagram.com/p/B5V-Td0DpeN/) on December 26, 2021 . Retrieved November 26, 2019 – via Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) . ^ (#cite_ref-BritellDisneyCruella_36-0) "Nicholas Britell Scoring Craig Gillespie's 'Cruella' (http://filmmusicreporter.com/2021/03/31/nicholas-britell-scoring-craig-gillespies-cruella/) " (http://filmmusicreporter.com/2021/03/31/nicholas-britell-scoring-craig-gillespies-cruella/) . Film Music Reporter . March 31, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210430213938/https://filmmusicreporter.com/2021/03/31/nicholas-britell-scoring-craig-gillespies-cruella/) from the original on April 30, 2021 . 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" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/2022-costume-designers-guild-awards-winners-list-1235106729/) 'Cruella,' 'Emily in Paris,' 'Dune' Among Costume Designers Guild Awards Winners" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/2022-costume-designers-guild-awards-winners-list-1235106729/) . The Hollywood Reporter (/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter) . Retrieved March 12, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-103) Pedersen, Erik (March 9, 2022). "Costume Designers Guild Awards: 'Dune', 'Cruella' & 'Coming 2 America' Take Film Prizes – Winners List" (https://deadline.com/2022/03/costume-designers-guild-awards-2022-winners-list-1234974821/) . Deadline (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) . Retrieved March 12, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-104) Tangcay, Jazz (December 13, 2021). "Critics Choice Awards: 'Belfast' and 'West Side Story' Dominate Nominations" (https://variety.com/2021/awards/awards/critics-choice-nominations-2021-1235131779/) . Variety . Retrieved December 13, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-105) Beresford, Trilby (February 22, 2022). "Dorian Film Awards: 'The Power of the Dog' Leads Nominations From LGBTQ Entertainment Critics" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/dorian-film-awards-the-power-of-the-dog-leads-nominations-1235098020/) . The Hollywood Reporter . Retrieved February 23, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-106) "Here's the list of 2022 Golden Globe nominations: live updates" (https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/awards/story/2021-12-13/2022-golden-globes-nominations-list) . Los Angeles Times . December 13, 2021. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211213121344/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/awards/story/2021-12-13/2022-golden-globes-nominations-list) from the original on December 13, 2021 . Retrieved December 13, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-107) Hipes, Patrick (January 9, 2022). "Golden Globes: (https://deadline.com/2022/01/golden-globe-winners-list-movie-tv-awards-1234907035/) The Power Of The Dog , (https://deadline.com/2022/01/golden-globe-winners-list-movie-tv-awards-1234907035/) West Side Story , (https://deadline.com/2022/01/golden-globe-winners-list-movie-tv-awards-1234907035/) Succession Lead Way – Complete Winners List" (https://deadline.com/2022/01/golden-globe-winners-list-movie-tv-awards-1234907035/) . Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) . Retrieved January 10, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-108) Daniel, Montgomery (January 27, 2022). "2022 Gold Derby Film Awards nominations: 'Dune' leads with 11; 'The Power of the Dog,' 'West Side Story' at 10 each" (https://www.goldderby.com/feature/2022-gold-derby-film-awards-nominations-1204752092/) . Gold Derby (/wiki/Gold_Derby) . Retrieved January 31, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-109) Lewis, Hilary (November 23, 2021). "Grammys: Jon Batiste Tops With 11 Nominations as Recording Academy Expands General Field Categories" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/music-news/2022-grammys-nominations-list-nominees-1235052103/) . The Hollywood Reporter (/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211123222007/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/music-news/2022-grammys-nominations-list-nominees-1235052103/) from the original on November 23, 2021 . Retrieved November 23, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-110) "The 5th Annual HCA Film Awards" (https://hollywoodcriticsassociation.com/dune-coda-and-belfast-lead-the-5th-annual-hca-film-awards-nominations/) . Hollywoodcriticsassociation.com . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20211203023651/https://hollywoodcriticsassociation.com/dune-coda-and-belfast-lead-the-5th-annual-hca-film-awards-nominations/) from the original on December 3, 2021 . Retrieved December 4, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-111) "2021 Las Vegas Film Critics Society Awards" (http://www.lvfcs.org/awards.html) . lvfcs.org . December 1, 2022 . Retrieved January 9, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-112) Grater, Tom (December 16, 2021). " (https://deadline.com/2021/12/the-power-of-the-dog-london-critics-circle-nominations-1234892156/) 'The Power Of The Dog' Leads London Critics' Circle Nominations" (https://deadline.com/2021/12/the-power-of-the-dog-london-critics-circle-nominations-1234892156/) . Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) . Retrieved December 16, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-113) Tangcay, Jazz (January 11, 2022). " (https://variety.com/2022/artisans/awards/makeup-hairstylist-guild-nominations-2022-1235150838/) 'Suicide Squad,' 'Coming 2 America' and 'Eyes of Tammy Faye' Lead Make-Up Artists and Hair Stylists Guild Nominations (EXCLUSIVE)" (https://variety.com/2022/artisans/awards/makeup-hairstylist-guild-nominations-2022-1235150838/) . Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) . Retrieved January 11, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-114) Erik Pedersen (March 9, 2022). "Kids' Choice Awards Nominations Set; Miranda Cosgrove & Rob Gronkowski To Host Show" (https://deadline.com/2022/03/kids-choice-awards-2022-nominations-hosts-miranda-cosgrove-rob-gronkowski-1234974061/) . Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) . Retrieved March 9, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-115) Huff, Lauren; Gettell, Oliver (December 7, 2021). "2021 People's Choice Awards: See the full list of winners" (https://ew.com/awards/peoples-choice-awards-2021-winners-list/) . Entertainment Weekly (/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly) . Retrieved December 11, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-116) Gray, Richard (January 25, 2022). "OFCS: Online Film Critics Society announces 25th Annual Film Awards" (https://thereelbits.com/2022/01/25/ofcs-online-film-critics-society-announces-25th-annual-film-awards/) . Thereelbits.com . Retrieved January 25, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-117) Anderson, Erik (January 7, 2022). " (https://awardswatch.com/belfast-leads-san-diego-film-critics-nominations-caitriona-balfe-nodded-in-best-actress/) 'Belfast' leads San Diego Film Critics nominations, Caitríona Balfe nodded in Best Actress" (https://awardswatch.com/belfast-leads-san-diego-film-critics-nominations-caitriona-balfe-nodded-in-best-actress/) . AwardsWatch . Retrieved January 7, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-118) "2021 San Diego Film Critics Society Award Winners" (http://www.sdfcs.org/2021-award-winners/) . San Diego Film Critics Society . January 10, 2022 . Retrieved January 12, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-119) Tinoco, Armando (August 12, 2022). "Saturn Awards Nominations: (https://deadline.com/2022/08/saturn-awards-2022-nominations-list-movies-tv-1235089636/) The Batman , (https://deadline.com/2022/08/saturn-awards-2022-nominations-list-movies-tv-1235089636/) Nightmare Alley , (https://deadline.com/2022/08/saturn-awards-2022-nominations-list-movies-tv-1235089636/) Spider-Man , (https://deadline.com/2022/08/saturn-awards-2022-nominations-list-movies-tv-1235089636/) Better Call Saul Top List" (https://deadline.com/2022/08/saturn-awards-2022-nominations-list-movies-tv-1235089636/) . Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) . Retrieved August 16, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-120) " (https://seattlefilmcritics.com/2022/01/10/the-power-of-the-dog-leads-the-2021-seattle-film-critics-society-nominations/) "The Power of the Dog" Leads the 2021 Seattle Film Critics Society Nominations" (https://seattlefilmcritics.com/2022/01/10/the-power-of-the-dog-leads-the-2021-seattle-film-critics-society-nominations/) . Seattle Film Critics . January 10, 2022 . Retrieved January 10, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-121) Gajewski, Ryan (January 17, 2022). " (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/set-decorators-society-america-awards-nominations-1235076343/) 'Dune,' 'West Side Story' Among Set Decorators Society of America Awards Nominees for Film" (https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/set-decorators-society-america-awards-nominations-1235076343/) . The Hollywood Reporter (/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter) . Retrieved January 18, 2022 . ^ (#cite_ref-122) Neglia, Matt (December 12, 2021). "The 2021 St. Louis Film Critics Association (StLFCA) Nominations" (https://nextbestpicture.com/the-2021-st-louis-film-critics-association-stlfca-nominations/) . NextBestPicture . Retrieved December 12, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-123) "Emma Stone and Emma Thompson are in for a Godfather II style Cruella sequel" (https://editorial.rottentomatoes.com/article/emma-stone-and-emma-thompson-are-in-for-a-godfather-ii-style-cruella-sequel/) . Rotten Tomatoes (/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210525035057/https://editorial.rottentomatoes.com/article/emma-stone-and-emma-thompson-are-in-for-a-godfather-ii-style-cruella-sequel/) from the original on May 25, 2021 . Retrieved May 30, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-124) D'Alessandro, Anthony (June 5, 2021). " (https://deadline.com/2021/06/cruella-sequel-in-early-development-director-craig-gillespie-writer-tony-mcnamara-expected-to-return-1234769847/) 'Cruella' Sequel In Early Development; Director Craig Gillespie & Writer Tony McNamara Expected To Return" (https://deadline.com/2021/06/cruella-sequel-in-early-development-director-craig-gillespie-writer-tony-mcnamara-expected-to-return-1234769847/) . Deadline Hollywood (/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210608141302/https://deadline.com/2021/06/cruella-sequel-in-early-development-director-craig-gillespie-writer-tony-mcnamara-expected-to-return-1234769847/) from the original on June 8, 2021 . Retrieved June 5, 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-125) D'Alessandro, Anthony (August 13, 2021). "Emma Stone Locks Down Deal For 'Cruella' Sequel" (https://deadline.com/2021/08/emma-stone-cruella-sequel-deal-scarlett-johansson-lawsuit-disney-1234814551/) . Deadline Hollywood . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210813220730/https://deadline.com/2021/08/emma-stone-cruella-sequel-deal-scarlett-johansson-lawsuit-disney-1234814551/) from the original on August 13, 2021 . Retrieved August 14, 2021 . Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-11) Through its first month, the film made $58 million from domestic digital sales, [8] (#cite_note-VOD-gross-8) though it is not factored into box office grosses. [9] (#cite_note-BOM-9) [10] (#cite_note-NUM-10) External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cruella (film) (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cruella_(film)) . Official website (https://movies.disney.com/cruella) Cruella at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Cruella (https://www.disneyplus.com/movies/wp/2GJTZuO8I01c) on Disney+ (/wiki/Disney%2B) v t e Dodie Smith (/wiki/Dodie_Smith) 's The Hundred and One Dalmatians (/wiki/The_Hundred_and_One_Dalmatians) Books The Hundred and One Dalmatians (/wiki/The_Hundred_and_One_Dalmatians) (1956) The Starlight Barking (/wiki/The_Starlight_Barking) (1967) 101 Dalmatians (Disney franchise) (/wiki/101_Dalmatians_(franchise)) Animated films One Hundred and One Dalmatians (/wiki/One_Hundred_and_One_Dalmatians) (1961) soundtrack (/wiki/One_Hundred_and_One_Dalmatians_(soundtrack)) 101 Dalmatians II: Patch's London Adventure (/wiki/101_Dalmatians_II:_Patch%27s_London_Adventure) (2003) Live-action films 101 Dalmatians (/wiki/101_Dalmatians_(1996_film)) (1996) 102 Dalmatians (/wiki/102_Dalmatians) (2000) Cruella (2021) soundtrack (/wiki/Cruella_(soundtrack)) Animated series The Series (/wiki/101_Dalmatians:_The_Series) (1997–98) 101 Dalmatian Street (/wiki/101_Dalmatian_Street) (2019–20) Video games Disney's 101 Dalmatians Print Studio (/wiki/Disney%27s_Print_Studio) (1997) Disney's Animated Storybook: 101 Dalmatians (/wiki/Disney%27s_Animated_Storybook) (1997) 102 Dalmatians: Puppies to the Rescue (/wiki/Disney%27s_102_Dalmatians:_Puppies_to_the_Rescue) (2000) Related Once Upon a Time (/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_(TV_series)) Sympathy for the De Vil (/wiki/Sympathy_for_the_De_Vil) season 4 (/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_(season_4)) season 5 (/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Time_(season_5)) Kingdom Hearts (/wiki/Kingdom_Hearts_(video_game)) (2002) House of Mouse (/wiki/House_of_Mouse) Mickey's House of Villains (/wiki/Mickey%27s_House_of_Villains) [2002] Descendants franchise (/wiki/Descendants_(franchise)) Descendants (/wiki/Descendants_(2015_film)) [2015] Disney Magic Kingdoms (/wiki/Disney_Magic_Kingdoms) (2021) Disney Mirrorverse (/wiki/Disney_Mirrorverse) (2022) Once Upon a Studio (/wiki/Once_Upon_a_Studio) (2023) Musicals The 101 Dalmatians Musical (/wiki/The_101_Dalmatians_Musical) (2009) 101 Dalmatians (2022) Characters Cruella de Vil (/wiki/Cruella_de_Vil) 101 Dalmatian Street characters (/wiki/List_of_101_Dalmatian_Street_characters) v t e Disney's live-action/photorealistic adaptations of animated franchises (/wiki/List_of_Disney_live-action_adaptations_and_remakes_of_Disney_animated_films) Remakes of animated works The Jungle Book (/wiki/The_Jungle_Book_(1994_film)) (1994) 101 Dalmatians (/wiki/101_Dalmatians_(1996_film)) (1996) Maleficent (/wiki/Maleficent_(film)) (2014) Cinderella (/wiki/Cinderella_(2015_American_film)) (2015) The Jungle Book (/wiki/The_Jungle_Book_(2016_film)) (2016) Pete's Dragon (/wiki/Pete%27s_Dragon_(2016_film)) (2016) Beauty and the Beast (/wiki/Beauty_and_the_Beast_(2017_film)) (2017) Dumbo (/wiki/Dumbo_(2019_film)) (2019) Aladdin (/wiki/Aladdin_(2019_film)) (2019) The Lion King (/wiki/The_Lion_King_(2019_film)) (2019) Lady and the Tramp (/wiki/Lady_and_the_Tramp_(2019_film)) (2019) Mulan (/wiki/Mulan_(2020_film)) (2020) Pinocchio (/wiki/Pinocchio_(2022_live-action_film)) (2022) Peter Pan & Wendy (/wiki/Peter_Pan_%26_Wendy) (2023) The Little Mermaid (/wiki/The_Little_Mermaid_(2023_film)) (2023) Snow White (/wiki/Snow_White_(2025_film)) (2025) Moana (/wiki/Moana_(2026_film)) (2026) Lilo & Stitch (/wiki/Lilo_%26_Stitch_(upcoming_film)) (TBA) Sequels 102 Dalmatians (/wiki/102_Dalmatians) (2000) Maleficent: Mistress of Evil (/wiki/Maleficent:_Mistress_of_Evil) (2019) Mufasa: The Lion King (/wiki/Mufasa:_The_Lion_King) (2024) Spin-offs of animated works The Sorcerer's Apprentice (/wiki/The_Sorcerer%27s_Apprentice_(2010_film)) (2010) Cruella (2021) Follow-up to animated works Alice in Wonderland (/wiki/Alice_in_Wonderland_(2010_film)) (2010) Christopher Robin (/wiki/Christopher_Robin_(film)) (2018) Sequels Alice Through the Looking Glass (/wiki/Alice_Through_the_Looking_Glass_(2016_film)) (2016) Soundtracks Alice in Wonderland (/wiki/Alice_in_Wonderland_(film_score)) (2010) Almost Alice (/wiki/Almost_Alice) Maleficent (/wiki/Maleficent_(soundtrack)) (2014) Cinderella (/wiki/Cinderella:_Original_Motion_Picture_Soundtrack) (2015) The Jungle Book (/wiki/The_Jungle_Book_(2016_soundtrack)) (2016) Beauty and the Beast (/wiki/Beauty_and_the_Beast_(2017_soundtrack)) (2017) Christopher Robin (/wiki/Christopher_Robin_(soundtrack)) (2018) Aladdin (/wiki/Aladdin_(2019_soundtrack)) (2019) The Lion King (/wiki/The_Lion_King_(2019_soundtrack)) (2019) The Gift (/wiki/The_Lion_King:_The_Gift) Maleficent: Mistress of Evil (/wiki/Maleficent:_Mistress_of_Evil_(soundtrack)) (2019) Lady and the Tramp (/wiki/Lady_and_the_Tramp_(soundtrack)) (2019) Mulan (/wiki/Mulan_(2020_soundtrack)) (2020) Cruella (/wiki/Cruella_(soundtrack)) (2021) Pinocchio (/wiki/Pinocchio_(2022_live-action_film_soundtrack)) (2022) Peter Pan & Wendy (/wiki/Peter_Pan_%26_Wendy_(soundtrack)) (2023) The Little Mermaid (/wiki/The_Little_Mermaid_(2023_soundtrack)) (2023) v t e Films directed by Craig Gillespie (/wiki/Craig_Gillespie) Mr. Woodcock (/wiki/Mr._Woodcock) (2007) Lars and the Real Girl (/wiki/Lars_and_the_Real_Girl) (2007) Fright Night (/wiki/Fright_Night_(2011_film)) (2011) Million Dollar Arm (/wiki/Million_Dollar_Arm) (2014) The Finest Hours (/wiki/The_Finest_Hours_(2016_film)) (2016) I, Tonya (/wiki/I,_Tonya) (2017) Cruella (2021) Dumb Money (/wiki/Dumb_Money) (2023) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐57d74c944b‐fwqsq Cached time: 20240720174840 Cache expiry: 3600 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.722 seconds Real time usage: 2.098 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 8447/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 326770/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 9376/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 24/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 502543/5000000 bytes Lua 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Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Hong Kong portal (/wiki/Portal:Hong_Kong) This category (/wiki/Help:Categories) is for articles about fashion designers (/wiki/Fashion_designer) from Hong Kong (/wiki/Hong_Kong) . NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐dnmmz Cached time: 20240713071643 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.078 seconds Real time usage: 0.103 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 41/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 2236/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 55/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 7/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1367/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.045/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 875775/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 84.443 1 -total 76.58% 64.666 1 Template:Portal 23.25% 19.634 1 Template:Category_explanation 20.76% 17.528 1 Template:Hatnote Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:1462273-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713071643 and revision id 1220653966. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total. + Hong Kong women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Hong_Kong_women_fashion_designers) ‎ (4 P) B Hong Kong fashion businesspeople (/wiki/Category:Hong_Kong_fashion_businesspeople) ‎ (8 P) Pages in category "Hong Kong fashion designers" The following 10 pages are in this category, out of 10 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . C Jackie Chan (/wiki/Jackie_Chan) K Titi Kwan (/wiki/Titi_Kwan) L Eddie Lau (/wiki/Eddie_Lau) Henry Lau (fashion designer) (/wiki/Henry_Lau_(fashion_designer)) Dan Liu (/wiki/Dan_Liu) Mark Lui (/wiki/Mark_Lui) P Kevin Poon (/wiki/Kevin_Poon) T William Tang (fashion designer) (/wiki/William_Tang_(fashion_designer)) W Viking Wong (/wiki/Viking_Wong) Y YaLocalOffgod (/wiki/YaLocalOffgod) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Hong_Kong_fashion_designers&oldid=1220653966 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Hong_Kong_fashion_designers&oldid=1220653966) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Chinese fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Chinese_fashion_designers) Hong Kong designers (/wiki/Category:Hong_Kong_designers) Hong Kong fashion (/wiki/Category:Hong_Kong_fashion)
Water marble nails are a finger nail art (/wiki/Nail_art) technique involving dropping nail lacquers (/wiki/Nail_lacquer) into clear water and creating a pattern on the water surface; the pattern is then transferred to the nails. History [ edit ] The water marble nail technique was originally developed by professional nail technicians in Japanese nail salons. In the 1990s, it was popularized by commercial publications released by shopping centers in Chiba (/wiki/Chiba,_Chiba) , Japan (/wiki/Japan) . In 2010, water marble nail art was adapted to use acrylic artificial nails (/wiki/Artificial_nails) and gels. The water marble nail technique has gained popularity across the globe through features in magazines, [1] (#cite_note-1) websites, [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) polish makers [4] (#cite_note-4) and videos. [5] (#cite_note-5) Styles [ edit ] Water marble nail art method, free-dragging Water marble nail art method, free-dropping There are two main types of water marble nail art methods: free-dragging and free-dropping. Free-dragging is more common. Free-dragging [ edit ] Dragged patterns range from simple circular shapes to complicated drawings. Patterns such as marble, hearts/peacocks, [note 1] (#cite_note-6) animals, flowers, leaves, parallel lines, psychedelics (/wiki/Psychedelic_art) , spiderwebs, and random patterns in the style of designer Emilio Pucci (/wiki/Emilio_Pucci) are generally performed with nail lacquers and some kind of tool. Free-dropping [ edit ] Dropped patterns range from colored shapes to complicated drawings such as spirals and geometric designs. The free patterns are created by colored drops of nail lacquer. For free-dropping, lacquer colors are dropped straight or diagonally onto the water. The pattern floats on the surface of the water. Technique [ edit ] This section needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Water_marble_nail) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Water marble nail" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Water+marble+nail%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Water+marble+nail%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Water+marble+nail%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Water+marble+nail%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Water+marble+nail%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Water+marble+nail%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( November 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Water marble nail art requires clean water, nail lacquers for free-dropping, and a stick for drawing patterns. Before patterns are created, the nails are painted with a light-colored nail polish that establishes a good contrast with the colors chosen to create the water marble. Some techniques use a matte coat to provide contrast and maintain an even look. After the base coat has dried, tape is put around the fingers to gather the excess nail polish after the marbling. One or two drops of colored lacquer are chosen for the design and are added to a cup of clean water. The drops will create a circle on the water surface. The next color is added on top of the circle created by the previous drop. The resulting pattern is ready for application to the nail, but it can still be modified with a stick or toothpick to create different shapes. The nail is dipped into the pattern on the water and kept under water as a Q-tip (/wiki/Q-tip) is used to "grab" the remaining polish. [6] (#cite_note-7) Examples [ edit ] Examples of water marble nail art An example of decorated nails. Some examples of design by free-dragging are bee, heart, leaf, flower, and earth. designs (peacock, marble on water, heart in frames, zebra/stripes) created by some of the methods An example of a design by free-dropping is this spiral/lines. An example beginning of free-dragging. A step in the water marbling method. A step in the water marbling method. A step in the water marbling method. Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-6) The pattern called "hearts" is also called "peacock", the name of a professional nail art technique. Drawing a "peacock" is one challenge to professional nail artists sponsored by the Japan Nailist Association. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) James, Megan (24 June 2011). "Water Marble Manicure" (http://www.nailpro.com/water-marble-manicure/) . Nail Pro . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Nair, Sonia (20 November 2011). "Create Marble Nail Art Using Water" (http://www.buzzle.com/articles/create-marble-nail-art-using-water.html) . Buzzle . Retrieved 9 December 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Denza, Diana (20 January 2012). "How To Create The Water Marble Nail Manicure" (http://www.bettyconfidential.com/ar/ld/a/how-to-create-the-water-marble-nail-manicure.html/) . Betty Confidential . Retrieved 9 December 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Spring Flowers con Tecnica Water Marble" (http://www.pupa.it/ita/pupa-nail-academy/Video-nail-academy/spring-flowers-con-tecnica-water-marble.aspx) . Pupa Milano (in Italian). ^ (#cite_ref-5) Sagaraya, Sonal (20 January 2012). "DIY Marble Nail Art Stickers" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R5S2QGHfOH0) . YouTube . Retrieved 9 December 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Namuli, Mary Janet (15 November 2015). "Water Marble Nails - What You Need To Know" (http://www.designsauthority.com/water-marble-nails/) . Designs Authority . 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Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Water_marble_nail&oldid=1192861141 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Water_marble_nail&oldid=1192861141) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : The arts (/wiki/Category:The_arts) Nail care (/wiki/Category:Nail_care) Hidden categories: CS1 Italian-language sources (it) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Italian-language_sources_(it)) Articles needing additional references from November 2016 (/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_November_2016) All articles needing additional references (/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references)
Simplified Chinese magazine This article is an orphan (/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan) , as no other articles link to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=Ruili_Fashion_Pioneer&namespace=0) . Please introduce links (/wiki/Help:Link) to this page from related articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=Ruili+Fashion+Pioneer&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=Ruili+Fashion+Pioneer) ; try the Find link tool (https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=Ruili_Fashion_Pioneer) for suggestions. ( January 2022 ) Ruili Fashion Pioneer Publisher Beijing Ruili Magazine Agency [1] (#cite_note-1) First issue March 1999 [2] (#cite_note-2) Final issue January 2016 [3] (#cite_note-3) Country China Based in Beijing Language Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese) Ruili Fashion Pioneer or Ruili shishang xianfeng [4] (#cite_note-4) ( simplified Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 瑞丽时尚先锋 ; traditional Chinese (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters) : 瑞麗時尚先鋒 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : Ruìlì shíshàng xiānfēng ), also known as Ray Li Fashion Pioneer , [5] (#cite_note-5) was a fashion (/wiki/Fashion) magazine (/wiki/Magazine) [6] (#cite_note-SternadoriHolmes2020-6) launched in March 1999 under the original name Ruili Cute Pioneer (瑞丽可爱先锋), [7] (#cite_note-7) which was changed to its current name in January 2005. [8] (#cite_note-8) Discontinued [ edit ] In January 2016, [9] (#cite_note-9) the printed version of the magazine ceased publication, but its electronic version is retained. [10] (#cite_note-10) A commentator pointed out that the suspension of Ruili Fashion Pioneer was a case of print media (/wiki/Print_media) being defeated by the new media (/wiki/New_media) . [11] (#cite_note-11) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Introduction to Ruili Fashion Pioneer . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 497296991 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/497296991) . Retrieved 2021-01-14 – via WorldCat. ^ (#cite_ref-2) " (http://ent.sina.com.cn/zz/2015-11-12/doc-ifxksqku2853070.shtml) "Ruili Fashion Pioneer" will stop printing from January next year" (http://ent.sina.com.cn/zz/2015-11-12/doc-ifxksqku2853070.shtml) . Yangtse Evening Post. 2015-11-12. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210114050233/http://ent.sina.com.cn/zz/2015-11-12/doc-ifxksqku2853070.shtml) from the original on 2021-01-14. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Death analysis of a magazine" (http://media.people.com.cn/n/2015/1124/c40606-27847393.html) . Huaxi City Daily. 2015-11-12. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20151125154434/http://media.people.com.cn/n/2015/1124/c40606-27847393.html) from the original on 2015-11-25. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Adina Simona (2016-11-03). "Daughters of the Motherland and (Wo)men of the World. Global Mobility in Shishang (Trends/Cosmopolitan), 1993-2008" (http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/25250/1/25250%202016%20-%20ArOr%20-%20Adina%20Zemanek%20-%20AAM.pdf) (PDF) . Archiv Orientální. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Ruonan Zheng. "ELLE China Editor Becomes CEO as Chinese Fashion Magazines Up Their Digital Game" (https://jingdaily.com/elle-china-xiao-xue-digital/) . Jing Daily . May 24, 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-SternadoriHolmes2020_6-0) Miglena Sternadori; Tim Holmes (28 February 2020). The Handbook of Magazine Studies . John Wiley & Sons. p. 417. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1-119-15155-5 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) " (https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_1395963) "Ruili Fashion Pioneer" ceases publication Isn't it said that fashion magazines are the strongest bastion of paper media?" (https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_1395963) . The Paper . 2015-11-12. ^ (#cite_ref-8) China Cultural Industry Annual Development Report: 2006 . Hunan People's Publishing House. 2006. p. 135. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-7-5438-4431-5 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Beijing News Media Research Institute (1 February 2016). Beijing News Media Research. Volume 9 . China Book Publishing House. p. 180. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-7-5068-5351-4 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Fashion magazines close down one by one, who is to blame for reading less" (http://fashion.sina.com.cn/s/in/2015-11-11/0105/doc-ifxkniur3029618.shtml) . Sina . 2015-11-11. ^ (#cite_ref-11) Zhang Cong (1 February 2016). Where is the way for big-name journals? . Tsinghua University Press. p. 89. This fashion magazine or journal-related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ruili_Fashion_Pioneer&action=edit) . See tips for writing articles about magazines (/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Magazines/Writing_guide) . 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Beninese model The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guideline for biographies (/wiki/Wikipedia:Notability_(people)) . Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing reliable secondary sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources) that are independent (/wiki/Wikipedia:Independent_sources) of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be merged (/wiki/Wikipedia:Merging) , redirected (/wiki/Wikipedia:Redirect) , or deleted (/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy) . Find sources: "Maureen Ayité" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Maureen+Ayit%C3%A9%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Maureen+Ayit%C3%A9%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Maureen+Ayit%C3%A9%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Maureen+Ayit%C3%A9%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Maureen+Ayit%C3%A9%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Maureen+Ayit%C3%A9%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( February 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article is an orphan (/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan) , as no other articles link to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=Maureen_Ayit%C3%A9&namespace=0) . Please introduce links (/wiki/Help:Link) to this page from related articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=Maureen+Ayit%C3%A9&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=Maureen+Ayit%C3%A9) ; try the Find link tool (https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=Maureen_Ayit%C3%A9) for suggestions. ( February 2016 ) Maureen Ayité is a business model. She has created a female wax brand. Life [ edit ] She attended Jean-Mermoz International School (/wiki/Jean-Mermoz_International_School) in Abidjan (/wiki/Abidjan) . [1] (#cite_note-1) She also studied in France. [2] (#cite_note-2) She created a fashion Facebook group. [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-4) In 2013, she started her brand Nana wax. [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Visite de Maureen AYITE - Lycée International Jean-Mermoz - Abidjan" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160222192241/http://lijmermoz.org/visite-de-maureen-ayite/) . Archived from the original (http://lijmermoz.org/visite-de-maureen-ayite/) on 2016-02-22 . Retrieved 2016-02-08 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Journée de la femme : clin d'œil à Maureen Ayité, mère du Nana Wax" (http://www.africatopsuccess.com/2015/03/08/journee-de-la-femme-clin-doeil-a-maureen-ayite-mere-du-nana-wax/) . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Stéphanie O'Brien (9 December 2015). "Les jeunes créateurs qui font briller la mode africaine" (http://madame.lefigaro.fr/style/diaspora-30-les-nouveaux-createurs-de-mode-made-in-africa-031215-109854) . Madame Figaro . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "À Brazzaville, la mode africaine à la croisée des chemins" (http://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2015/08/12/a-brazzaville-la-mode-africaine-a-la-croisee-des-chemins_4722109_3212.html) . Le Monde.fr . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Nana Wax : de Facebook à une boutique" (http://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2015/03/04/nana-wax-de-facebook-a-une-boutique_4587300_3212.html) . Le Monde.fr . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Romanovski, Dmitri (n.d.). "NANAWAX: BRINGING SPIRIT OF AFRICA IN MODERN FASHION" (http://www.orangemagazine.eu/nanawax/) . Orange Magazine . Moldova: European Youth Press. External links [ edit ] http://irawotalents.com/maureen-ayite-nanawax-pagne-afrique/*http://www.africatopsuccess.com/en/2015/03/09/womens-day-wink-at-maureen-ayite-promoter-of-nana-wax/ (http://irawotalents.com/maureen-ayite-nanawax-pagne-afrique/*http://www.africatopsuccess.com/en/2015/03/09/womens-day-wink-at-maureen-ayite-promoter-of-nana-wax/) http://www.amina-mag.com/6-raisons-de-craquer-pour-nana-wax/*http://afrique.lepoint.fr/videos/nana-wax-pret-a-porter-du-pagne-30-11-2015-1985956_2367.php (http://www.amina-mag.com/6-raisons-de-craquer-pour-nana-wax/*http://afrique.lepoint.fr/videos/nana-wax-pret-a-porter-du-pagne-30-11-2015-1985956_2367.php) http://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2015/03/04/nana-wax-de-facebook-a-une-boutique_4587300_3212.html (http://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2015/03/04/nana-wax-de-facebook-a-une-boutique_4587300_3212.html) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐b7d4d997‐cr8f2 Cached time: 20240701042426 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.276 seconds Real time usage: 0.453 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 636/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 27608/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1551/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 25316/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.176/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4818091/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 421.549 1 -total 47.25% 199.178 1 Template:Reflist 43.46% 183.225 6 Template:Cite_web 23.19% 97.753 2 Template:Ambox 21.00% 88.525 1 Template:Notability 19.51% 82.250 1 Template:Short_description 10.69% 45.068 2 Template:Pagetype 5.62% 23.679 1 Template:Orphan 5.62% 23.675 3 Template:Main_other 5.32% 22.419 1 Template:Authority_control Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:49364388-0!canonical and timestamp 20240701042426 and revision id 1231857731. 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British clothing retailer Pretty Eccentric Industry clothing retailer Founded 2009 Founder Michelle Scott Pretty Eccentric ™ is a British clothing retailer. The first store opened in Brighton's Lanes district in October 2009 [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) Corporate History [ edit ] Pretty Eccentric was founded in 2009 by Michelle Scott (/wiki/Michelle_Scott) . Previously she had a career in buying and marketing at the Arcadia Group, Whistles and at The Body Shop where she was UK Product Director and USA Marketing Director (2003–2009) but had harboured a lifelong ambition to create her own brand. Product [ edit ] Pretty Eccentric designs distinctive clothing, handbags, accessories and fine fragrance. Beaded dresses with bows, frills, lace and old-fashioned glamour that is the design handwriting. "Pretty Eccentric brings a shot of old-fashioned glamour.", Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) , UK, 1 May 2011. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Great British Life" (http://sussex.greatbritishlife.co.uk/article/pretty-eccentric-celebrates-first-birthday-28128/) . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Pretty Eccentric.", Sussex Life (/w/index.php?title=Sussex_Life&action=edit&redlink=1) , Jan 2011. External links [ edit ] Official Website (http://www.prettyeccentric.co.uk/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐65687cfdb7‐wv4vc Cached time: 20240624005402 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.208 seconds Real time usage: 0.349 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1139/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 4673/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 638/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 6173/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.135/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3741073/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 339.106 1 -total 50.69% 171.909 1 Template:Infobox_company 43.65% 148.018 1 Template:Infobox 27.19% 92.201 1 Template:Reflist 23.53% 79.804 1 Template:Cite_web 21.59% 73.225 1 Template:Short_description 12.15% 41.189 2 Template:Pagetype 9.81% 33.258 6 Template:Main_other 5.21% 17.672 1 Template:SDcat 3.75% 12.713 1 Template:Wikidata Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:31539809-0!canonical and timestamp 20240624005402 and revision id 1192436566. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pretty_Eccentric&oldid=1192436566 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pretty_Eccentric&oldid=1192436566) " Category (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing retailers of the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Clothing_retailers_of_the_United_Kingdom) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata)
(Redirected from Tooth painting (/w/index.php?title=Tooth_painting&redirect=no) ) Custom of dyeing one's teeth black An Akha (/wiki/Akha_people) woman from Myanmar (/wiki/Myanmar) with blackened teeth Teeth blackening or teeth lacquering is a custom of dyeing one's teeth black. It was most predominantly practiced in Southeast Asian (/wiki/Southeast_Asia) and Oceanic (/wiki/Oceania) cultures, particularly among Austronesian (/wiki/Austronesian_peoples) , Austroasiatic (/wiki/Austroasiatic) , and Kra–Dai-speaking peoples (/wiki/Kra%E2%80%93Dai-speaking_peoples) . It was also practiced in Japan (/wiki/Japan) prior to the Meiji era (/wiki/Meiji_era) , as well as in India. [1] (#cite_note-Zumbroich2009-1) [2] (#cite_note-Zumbroich2015-2) It was also performed among some groups in the Americas, most notably among the Shuar people (/wiki/Shuar_people) of northern Peru (/wiki/Peru) and Ecuador (/wiki/Ecuador) . [3] (#cite_note-Pinchi2015-3) Teeth blackening is usually done during puberty. It was seen as a sign of maturity, beauty, and civilization. A common belief is that blackened teeth differentiated humans from animals. Teeth blackening is often done in conjunction with traditions of tooth sharpening (/wiki/Tooth_sharpening) and dental evulsion (/wiki/Dental_evulsion) , as well as other body modification (/wiki/Body_modification) customs like tattoos (/wiki/Tattoo) . Teeth blackening and filing were regarded with fascination and disapproval by early European explorers and colonists. The practice survives in some isolated ethnic groups in Southeast Asia (/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Southeast_Asia) and Oceania but has mostly disappeared after the introduction of Western beauty standards during the colonial era (/wiki/Early_modern_period) . [1] (#cite_note-Zumbroich2009-1) [2] (#cite_note-Zumbroich2015-2) [3] (#cite_note-Pinchi2015-3) It is mainly prevalent in older women, though the practice is still carried on by some younger women. Sometimes artificial teeth (/wiki/Artificial_teeth) are used to achieve blackened teeth. Teeth blackening is commonly confused with the red-stained teeth from betel chewing (/wiki/Betel_chewing) . However, betel chewing damages the teeth and gums, while teeth blackening does not. [1] (#cite_note-Zumbroich2009-1) [2] (#cite_note-Zumbroich2015-2) East and Southeast Asia [ edit ] Japan [ edit ] This section needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Teeth_blackening) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. ( August 2022 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Main article: Ohaguro (/wiki/Ohaguro) Ukiyo-e (/wiki/Ukiyo-e) by Tsukioka Yoshitoshi, 'Twenty-Four Hours at Shinbashi and Yanagibashi', print 13, showing a woman applying ohaguro Ukiyo-e (/wiki/Ukiyo-e) of yama-uba (/wiki/Yama-uba) with blackened teeth In Japan, teeth blackening is known as ohaguro ( お歯黒 ) . Ohaguro existed in one form or another for hundreds of years, and was seen amongst the population as beautiful until the end of the Meiji period (/wiki/Meiji_period) (1868–1911). Objects that were pitch black, such as glaze-like lacquer, were seen as beautiful. Name [ edit ] The word ohaguro was an aristocratic term. There is an alternate term for ohaguro , kane ( 鉄漿 , lit. ' iron drink ' ) . At the old Imperial palace in Kyoto (/wiki/Heian-ky%C5%8D) , it was called fushimizu ( 五倍子水 ) . Among civilians, such words as kanetsuke ( 鉄漿付け ) , tsukegane ( つけがね ) and hagurome ( 歯黒め ) were used. History [ edit ] Traces of blackened teeth can be seen in the buried bones and haniwa (/wiki/Haniwa) of the Kofun period (/wiki/Kofun_period) (300–538 CE). References to ohaguro exist in The Tale of Genji (/wiki/The_Tale_of_Genji) [4] (#cite_note-4) and Tsutsumi Chūnagon Monogatari (/wiki/Tsutsumi_Ch%C5%ABnagon_Monogatari) . At the end of the Heian period (/wiki/Heian_period) , at the time when aristocratic men and women reached puberty and celebrated their genpuku (/wiki/Genpuku) or mogi , the Taira clan (/wiki/Taira_clan) and other samurai, and pages working at large temples, dyed their teeth using kanemizu, a solution made from ferric acetate (/wiki/Iron(III)_acetate) , created from soaking iron filings in vinegar, and tannins (/wiki/Tannin) , derived from vegetables or tea. [5] (#cite_note-5) The Imperial family and other high-ranking aristocrats who had finished their hakamaza (ceremony where a child is fitted with a hakama (/wiki/Hakama) ) blackened their teeth and painted their eyebrows ( hikimayu (/wiki/Hikimayu) ( 引眉 ) ). This was done in the Imperial household until the end of the Edo era. In the Muromachi period (/wiki/Muromachi_period) (1336–1573), ohaguro was generally seen among adults, though when the Sengoku period (/wiki/Sengoku_period) (1467–1615) began, so as to prepare for political marriages of convenience, when the daughters of military commanders were around 8 to 10 years old, they would blacken their teeth as a marking of their coming of age. Relatives and guardians of the bride who blackened their teeth were called kaneoya ( 鉄漿親 ) . It is said that military commanders who were struck in the head on the battlefield and who did not want to be ugly [ citation needed ] would wear average women's makeup and would blacken their teeth. These faces imitated the Noh masks (/wiki/Noh#Masks) of women and young boys. After the Edo period (/wiki/Edo_period) (1603–1867), only men of the Imperial House of Japan (/wiki/Imperial_House_of_Japan) and the aristocracy blackened their teeth. Due to the odor and labor required for the process, as well as a feeling among young women that they were ageing, ohaguro was done only by married women, unmarried women who were older than 18, sex workers (/wiki/Sex_worker) and geisha (/wiki/Geisha) . For rural people, ohaguro was done only at times of special celebrations, such as Japanese festivals (/wiki/Japanese_festivals) , wedding ceremonies, and funerals. There were also depictions of ohaguro in fairy tales, such as " Gon, the Little Fox (/wiki/Gon,_the_Little_Fox) ". On February 5, 1870, the government banned ohaguro and the process gradually became obsolete. After the Meiji period, it temporarily spread, but it almost entirely died out in the Taishō period (/wiki/Taish%C5%8D_period) (1912–1926). In contemporary times, the only places where ohaguro can be seen is in plays, on some older apprentice geisha (/wiki/Maiko) , some festivals, and movies. Vietnam [ edit ] History [ edit ] Vietnamese statues depicting the traditional practice of teeth blackening (nhuộm răng đen). Vietnamese old woman selling chewing gum. Her teeth have been dyed black. An old Kinh (/wiki/Vietnamese_people) lady with blackened teeth. A picture from the Mechanics and Crafts of the People of Annam (/wiki/Mechanics_and_Crafts_of_the_People_of_Annam) depicting the Vietnamese custom of teeth blackening (#Vietnam) . (染𦝄 , nhuộm răng) In Vietnam, teeth blackening ( Vietnamese (/wiki/Vietnamese_language) : nhuộm răng) was practiced by the majority Vietnamese people (/wiki/Vietnamese_people) as well as by minority ethnic groups (/wiki/Ethnic_group) such as the men of Si La (/wiki/Si_La_people) people who paint their teeth red while the women paint theirs black. [6] (#cite_note-6) These traditions declined in the 20th century, decade by decade with each new generation with in part due to Western influence from French colonists, colonial medical reports from the 1930s, stated that ‘80 percent’ of Tonkinese farmers had darkened teeth. [7] (#cite_note-:6-7) Archaeological discovery show that teeth blackening was practiced as early as 400 BCE. [8] (#cite_note-8) Teeth blackening was seen as a sign of beauty. It was also a demonstration of civilization, as there was an idea that white teeth belonged to animals, savages, and evil spirits. [9] (#cite_note-:22-9) In the 1920s, most women in Hanoi had blackened teeth. [10] (#cite_note-10) Process [ edit ] The process of teeth blackening begins with the sanitisation of the mouth, this was done by brushing the teeth with a mixture of dried betel, stewed charcoal powder, and salt. Before dyeing the teeth, the person who was dyeing had to chew and rinse their teeth with a rice wine-lemon juice mixture to prepare the surface of the teeth for dyeing. This part of the process is often very painful as it causes the gums to become swollen. A solution of burnt coconut shells is then used on the teeth to dye it. Other solutions that were used to dye the teeth black also included an iron solution. Accounts [ edit ] A passage in a 16th century biography of a Korean trader that went to Vietnam, Jowanbyeokjeon ( Korean (/wiki/Korean_language) : 조완벽전 ; Hanja (/wiki/Hanja) : 趙完璧傳 ), also mentions these customs, [11] (#cite_note-11) 其國男女皆被髮赤脚。無鞋履。雖官貴者亦然。長者則 漆齒 。 In that country (Vietnam), both men and women all tie up their hair and go barefoot, without shoes or sandals. Even officials and nobility are the same. As for the respected individuals, they lacquer their teeth . Another passage in the 12th century Chinese book, Lingwai Daida (/wiki/Lingwai_Daida) ( simplified Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 岭外代答 ; traditional Chinese (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters) : 嶺外代答 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : Lǐngwài Dàidā ) notes that, 其國人烏衣， 黑齒 ，椎髻，徒跣，無貴賤皆然。 The people of that country (Vietnam) wear black clothes, have black teeth , wear their hair in a bun, go barefoot, and there is no distinction between noble and commoner; all are the same. — 嶺外代答外、卷之二、外國門上、安南國 In the 17th century book, An Nam chí nguyên ( 安南志原 ) [a] (#cite_note-12) , it also records, 南越外紀云其人或椎髻或剪髮，文身跣足， 口赤 齒黑 ，尊卑皆食檳榔 The Outer Chronicles of Nanyue (/wiki/Nanyue) states that the people there either wear their hair in a topknot or cut it short, have tattooed bodies, and go barefoot. Their mouths are red and their teeth black , and both the rich and poor chew betel nut. In the 17th century book, A Description of the Kingdom of Tonqueen by Samuel Baron, notes Both boys and girls, when they are past sixteen or seventeen years of age, black their teeth as the Japanese do, and let their nails grow as the Chinese, the longest being accounted the finest, which has place amongst persons of quality and those of wealth only. The 16th century Ming dynasty (/wiki/Ming_dynasty) book Shuyu Zhouzi Lu ( simplified Chinese (/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters) : 殊域周咨录 ; traditional Chinese (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters) : 殊域周咨錄 ; pinyin (/wiki/Pinyin) : Shūyù Zhōuzī Lù ) which recorded history and customs of foreign nations around China had a section regarding teeth blackening in Vietnam, 推髻剪髮，紋身跣足，口赤 齒黑 ，好食檳榔。 They push up their hair into a bun and cut their hair short, tattoo their bodies, go barefoot, have red mouths and black teeth , and like to chew betel nut. During a brushtalk (/wiki/Brushtalk) between Korean envoy (I Sangbong; Korean: 이상봉; Hanja: 李商鳳) and Vietnamese envoy ( Lê Quý Đôn (/wiki/L%C3%AA_Qu%C3%BD_%C4%90%C3%B4n) ; chữ Hán: 黎貴惇) on 30 December 1760, I Sangbong mentioned the Vietnamese custom of teeth blackening that he observed in Lê Quý Đôn and the other Vietnamese envoys. 李商鳳曰：「果然貴國禮樂文物、不讓中華一頭、俺亦慣聞。今覩盛儀衣冠之制、彷彿我東、而被髮 漆齒 亦有所拠、幸乞明教。」 I Sangbong said: "Indeed, the cultural artifacts of your esteemed country, especially in rituals, music, and literature, are no less impressive than those of China. I have heard about it before. Today, seeing the splendid ceremonial attire and the regulations for attire and headgear, it seems reminiscent of our Eastern customs (/wiki/Sinosphere) . Even the hairstyles and the lacquered teeth has its own basis. Fortunately, I can inquire and learn more. Please enlighten me." During the Ming dynasty (/wiki/Ming_dynasty) 's conquest during the Ming–Hồ War (/wiki/Ming%E2%80%93H%E1%BB%93_War) , the Ming dynasty attempted a serious effort to assimilate the Vietnamese by ordering them to wear long hair and to stop teeth blackening so they could have white teeth and long hair like Chinese. [12] (#cite_note-13) The Vietnamese people were ordered to stop cutting and instead grow their hair long and switch to Han Chinese clothing in only a month by a Ming officials. Ming administrators said their mission was to "civilize" the unorthodox, by Han Chinese standards, appearance of the Vietnamese. [13] (#cite_note-14) After regaining independence, a royal edict was issued by Vietnam in 1474, forbidding Vietnamese from adopting foreign languages, hairstyles and clothes like that of the Lao, Champa or the "Northerners" which referred to the Ming. The edict was recorded in the 1479 Complete Chronicle of Dai Viet (/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_Vi%E1%BB%87t_s%E1%BB%AD_k%C3%BD_to%C3%A0n_th%C6%B0) of Ngô Sĩ Liên (/wiki/Ng%C3%B4_S%C4%A9_Li%C3%AAn) . [14] (#cite_note-15) Literature [ edit ] There is also a famous exhortation by emperor Quang Trung (/wiki/Quang_Trung) (1753-1792) before a battle with the Qing (/wiki/Qing_dynasty) army where he mentions the customs of the Vietnamese people including teeth blackening, [15] (#cite_note-16) 打未底𨱽𩯀 (Đánh cho để dài tóc) Fight to keep our hair long. 打未底 顛𪘵 (Đánh cho để đen răng ) Fight to keep our teeth black . 打朱伮隻輪不返 (Đánh cho nó chích luân bất phản) Fight them so none of their war chariots could run off. 打朱伮片甲不還 (Đánh cho nó phiến giáp bất hoàn) Fight them so that not a single piece of armour returns. 打朱使知南國英雄之有主 (Đánh cho sử tri Nam Quốc anh hùng chi hữu chủ) Fight to let them know the heroes of the South has its own lord. The Philippines [ edit ] In the Philippines, Spanish colonial official and historian, Antonio de Morga (/wiki/Antonio_de_Morga) , recorded in his book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (/wiki/Antonio_de_Morga#History_of_the_Philippine_Islands) (1609), on how local men and women of the Philippines cared and presented themselves at the time. It was noted by Morga: All are very careful of their teeth, which from a very early age they file and render even, with stones and iron. They dye them a black color, which is lasting, and which preserves their teeth until they are very old, although it is ugly to look at. The late 19th century Filipino nationalist, writer, and polymath, José Rizal (/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Rizal) , commented in his annotations to Morga's account that: "This custom still exists... This custom exists also among the married women of Japan, as a Sign of their chastity. It is now falling into disuse." Thailand [ edit ] In Thailand (/wiki/Thailand) , teeth darkening was an established symbol of beauty, achieved for centuries with a paste called misi , [16] (#cite_note-Misi-17) and love poems used to compare the dyed teeth of the beloveds to ebony and other valuable woods. [17] (#cite_note-:2-18) When the 19th-century Thai king Mongkut (/wiki/Mongkut) lost his teeth, he replaced them with artificial teeth carved from dark red sappan (/wiki/Biancaea_sappan) wood. [17] (#cite_note-:2-18) Eastern India [ edit ] Colouring teeth black was a tradition practised by various tribes of Eastern Himalayas, Naga Hills and Manipur in India, such as the Konyak Nagas (/wiki/Konyak_Naga) and the Wancho Nagas (/wiki/Wancho_Naga) . Other areas [ edit ] Teeth blackening has been documented throughout a number of other peoples in Asia and Oceania: China Blang people (/wiki/Blang_people) Dai (/wiki/Dai_people) Hmoob (/wiki/Hmong_people) Jino (/wiki/Jino_people) Lahu (/wiki/Lahu_people) Yao (/wiki/Yao_people) Taiwan Taiwanese indigenous peoples (/wiki/Taiwanese_indigenous_peoples) Laos Hani (/wiki/Hani_people) Katu (/wiki/Katu_people) Phunoi (/wiki/Phunoi_people) Philippines (/wiki/Philippines) Luzon (/wiki/Luzon) Mindanao (/wiki/Mindanao) Pacific Islands [18] (#cite_note-19) Palau (/wiki/Palau) Yap (/wiki/Yap) Mariana Islands (/wiki/Mariana_Islands) Thailand Akha (/wiki/Akha_people) Lisu (/wiki/Lisu_people) Vietnam Kinh (/wiki/Vietnamese_people) Dao (/wiki/Yao_people) Lu (/wiki/Lu_people) Hmong people (/wiki/Hmong_people) Nùng (/wiki/N%C3%B9ng_people) Si La (/wiki/Si_La_people) South Asia [ edit ] Teeth blackening was also documented across Islamic culture in South Asia (/wiki/South_Asia) : The agent of choice for teeth blackening became known as missī , a powdery mixture of (1) iron and copper sulphate, (2) a plant source of tannins (/wiki/Tannin) , such as myrobalans (/wiki/Myrobalans) , and (3) flavouring agents. The use of missī , thought to be sanctified by Fāṭimah (/wiki/Fatimah) , the Prophet's daughter, became deeply engrained in Islamic culture across much of the subcontinent. Teeth blackening as a life cycle event related to sexual maturity and in its literary portrayals acquired distinct sexual overtones. It was integrated into the culture of courtesans (/wiki/Courtesan) and prostitutes where missī became synonymous with the ritual of selling a woman’s virginity. Although not a primary motivation, medicinal considerations also played a role in the use of missī . Early references to blackening the gums and edges of the teeth suggest a connection to an older tradition of filing the interstices between teeth which had become prohibited by Islamic law (/wiki/Sharia) . Geographically and culturally distinct traditions of teeth blackening also prevailed among diverse indigenous groups living along the slopes of the Eastern Himalayas (/wiki/Himalayas) , from Nepal (/wiki/Nepal) through Meghalaya (/wiki/Meghalaya) and Assam (/wiki/Assam) to Nagaland (/wiki/Nagaland) . Here teeth were blackened by applying the wood tar of specific plants or chewing specific plant products. These practices related technologically and culturally to the wide-spread teeth blackening traditions of island and mainland South-east Asia and beyond. [19] (#cite_note-20) There is also evidence of the use of misi in India among some practitioners of Hinduism (/wiki/Hinduism) , mainly to blacken the gums and sometimes the teeth; the 16th century poet Malik Muhammad Jayasi (/wiki/Malik_Muhammad_Jayasi) dedicated some lines in his epic poem Padmavat (/wiki/Padmavat) to the smile of the princess Rani Padmini (/wiki/Rani_Padmini) , who ruled Chittorgarh (/wiki/Chittorgarh) in the 13th century, in which he compares her teeth to diamonds on black pedestals: Her teeth, like diamonds on a pedestal: between each, deep, deep black. Like a gleam of lightning in a dark Autumn night, so are these thirty-two caused to flash. — —Malik Muhammad Jayasi [20] (#cite_note-21) Africa [ edit ] Further West, teeth blackening has been documented as far as Madagascar (/wiki/Madagascar) . [21] (#cite_note-22) Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-12) The origin of the book is a controversial topic, but it is believed to be derived from a work (Giao Chỉ chí; 交趾志) complied during the Ming occupation of Vietnam. References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c Zumbroich, Thomas J. (2009). " (http://journals.sfu.ca/era/index.php/era/article/download/393/245) 'Teeth as black as a bumble bee's wings': The ethnobotany of teeth blackening in Southeast Asia" (http://journals.sfu.ca/era/index.php/era/article/download/393/245) . Ethnobotany Research & Applications . 7 : 381–398. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.17348/era.7.0.381-398 (https://doi.org/10.17348%2Fera.7.0.381-398) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20150917040632/http://journals.sfu.ca/era/index.php/era/article/download/393/245) from the original on 2015-09-17 . Retrieved 2019-01-27 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Zumbroich, Thomas (2015). " (https://www.academia.edu/9680241) We Blacken Our Teeth with Oko to Make Them Firm : Teeth Blackening in Oceania" (https://www.academia.edu/9680241) . Anthropologica . 57 : 539–555. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200924093817/https://www.academia.edu/9680241/We_blacken_our_teeth_with_oko_to_make_them_firm_Teeth_blackening_in_Oceania) from the original on 2020-09-24 . Retrieved 2019-01-27 . ^ Jump up to: a b Pinchi, Vilma; Barbieri, Patrizia; Pradella, Francesco; Focardi, Martina; Bartolini, Viola; Norelli, Gian-Aristide (15 March 2015). "Dental Ritual Mutilations and Forensic Odontologist Practice: a Review of the Literature" (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4945341) . Acta Stomatologica Croatica . 49 (1): 3–13. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.15644/asc49/1/1 (https://doi.org/10.15644%2Fasc49%2F1%2F1) . PMC (/wiki/PMC_(identifier)) 4945341 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4945341) . PMID (/wiki/PMID_(identifier)) 27688380 (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27688380) . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Murasaki Shikibu (/wiki/Murasaki_Shikibu) , The Tale of Genji , translated by Royall Tyler. Chapter 6, page 130. Penguin Classics. Reprint 2003. First published 2001. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0-14-243714-X (/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-243714-X) - see also note 57 by Royall Tyler ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Ohaguro: The Beauty of Blackened Teeth in Old Japan | LIVE JAPAN travel guide" (https://livejapan.com/en/article-a0001026/) . LIVE JAPAN . Retrieved 2023-08-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Klokke, Marijke J. (2013). Unearthing Southeast Asia's Past: Selected Papers from the 12th International Conference of the European Association of Southeast Asian Archaeologists . Vol. 1. NUS Press. pp. 11–12. However, teeth-blackening is also common among the Vietnamese (an Austroasiatic-speaking people). Frank observes (1926: 168): "about marriage time, which in Annam is early in life, every Annamese, of either sex, is expected to have his teeth lacquered black by a process said to be very painful … and to the Annamese a person is handsome only if his teeth were jet-black. "Any dog can have white teeth" say the Annamese, looking disparagingly at Europeans." ^ (#cite_ref-:6_7-0) Nguyễn, Đình Hoà (1999). From the City Inside the Red River: A Cultural Memoir of Mid-century Vietnam . McFarland. p. 116. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0786404981 . Among post-1975 refugee communities, the older ladies, especially those from Tonkín, can still be found with blackened teeth... ^ (#cite_ref-8) Alves, Mark (7 December 2020). "Historical Ethnolinguistic Notes on Proto-Austroasiatic and Proto-Vietic Vocabulary in Vietnamese" (https://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/items/21b6c4fa-dde5-4343-9dc6-0234d3e026b9) . University of Hawaii Press . p. 33. As for northern Vietnam, archaeological data of some dental remains show that betel-nut chewing and tooth-blackening (nhuộm răng) were practicsed in the Núi Nấp archaeological site considerably later, as early as 400 BCE (Oxenham, Locher, Nguyen, and Nguyen 2002) in the Đông Sơn era. ^ (#cite_ref-:22_9-0) DeMello, Margo (2012). "Teeth Painting" (https://books.google.com/books?id=9dcr4U0yBRAC&dq=ohaguro&pg=PA288) . Faces Around the World: A Cultural Encyclopedia of the Human Face . ABC-CLIO. pp. 288–289. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1598846171 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Nguyên, Xuân Hiên (2006). "Betel-Chewing in Vietnam. Its Past and Current Importance" (https://www.jstor.org/stable/40466710) . Anthropos : 504 – via JSTOR. The teeth [of women from Hanoi] were dyed up to a shiny black as the cockroach wings." At the time, "teeth as black as custard-apple seeds" were the most desirable traits of a beautiful girl. "In the 1920s, most of Hanoi girls had blackened teeth ^ (#cite_ref-11) 李, 睟光. 趙完璧傳 (조완벽전) . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Baldanza, Kathlene (2016). Ming China and Vietnam: Negotiating Borders in Early Modern Asia . Cambridge University Press. p. 110. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1316531310 . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210518012012/https://books.google.com/books?id=MAXFDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA110) from the original on 2021-05-18 . Retrieved 2021-02-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) The Vietnam Review: VR., Volume 3 . Vietnam Review. 1997. p. 35. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210518012103/https://books.google.com/books?id=YtFuAAAAMAAJ&q=Month+hair+) from the original on 2021-05-18 . Retrieved 2021-02-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Dutton, George; Werner, Jayne; Whitmore, John K., eds. (2012). Sources of Vietnamese Tradition . Introduction to Asian Civilizations (illustrated ed.). Columbia University Press. p. 87. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0231511100 . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210518012013/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZHD4Asj0FagC&pg=PA87) from the original on 2021-05-18 . Retrieved 2021-02-24 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Nguyễn, Bảo Như (23 December 2018). "Kiên trì bảo vệ bản sắc văn hóa Việt" (https://www.qdnd.vn/van-hoa/doi-song/kien-tri-bao-ve-ban-sac-van-hoa-viet-558857) . Báo Quân Đội Nhân Dân . Cách đây 230 năm, ngày 22-12-1788, trước khi chỉ huy nghĩa quân Tây Sơn hành quân ra Bắc đánh đuổi quân xâm lược nhà Thanh, Nguyễn Huệ đã lên ngôi Hoàng đế và khảng khái tuyên thệ trước ba quân tướng sĩ: "Đánh cho để dài tóc/ Đánh cho để đen răng/ Đánh cho nó chích luân bất phản/ Đánh cho nó phiến giáp bất hoàn/ Đánh cho sử tri Nam quốc anh hùng chi hữu chủ". ^ (#cite_ref-Misi_17-0) Keshavdas (1990). K. P. Bahadur (ed.). Rasikapriya of Keshavadasa . Motilal Banarsidass Publ. pp. 53–54. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 8120807340 . And the ebony bark, in its core beneath Was never so black as thy shiny teeth. ^ Jump up to: a b DeMello, Margo (2012). "Teeth Painting" (https://books.google.com/books?id=9dcr4U0yBRAC&dq=ohaguro&pg=PA288) . Faces Around the World: A Cultural Encyclopedia of the Human Face . ABC-CLIO. pp. 288–289. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1598846171 . ^ (#cite_ref-19) Sheila Benavente. "Mariana's Past" (http://www.offisland.com/feature/teeth.html) . Offisland.com. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20120309003958/http://www.offisland.com/feature/teeth.html) from the original on 2012-03-09 . Retrieved 2012-12-21 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) Zumbroich, Thomas J. (2015). "The (https://oxford.academia.edu/ThomasZumbroich) missī -stained finger-tip of the fair': A cultural history of teeth and gum blackening in South Asia" (https://oxford.academia.edu/ThomasZumbroich) . eJournal of Indian Medicine . 8 (1): 1. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20151019075809/http://oxford.academia.edu/ThomasZumbroich) from the original on 2015-10-19 . Retrieved 2015-02-26 . ^ (#cite_ref-21) Keshavdas, 1990, pp. 53-54 ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Zumbroich, Thomas J. 2012. 'Ny vazana tsy aseho vahiny' - 'Don't show your molars to strangers' - Expressions of teeth blackening in Madagascar. Ethnobotany Research & Applications 10:523-539" (https://oxford.academia.edu/ThomasZumbroich) . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20151019075809/http://oxford.academia.edu/ThomasZumbroich) from the original on 2015-10-19 . Retrieved 2015-02-25 . External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Teeth blackening (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Teeth_blackening) . 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(Redirected from Claire Goldsmith (/w/index.php?title=Claire_Goldsmith&redirect=no) ) British eyewear design company Oliver Goldsmith Sunglasses Ltd Trade name (/wiki/Trade_name) Oliver Goldsmith Industry Eyewear Founded 1926 ( 1926 ) in London, England Founder Philip Oliver Goldsmith Headquarters London , United Kingdom Area served Global Key people Claire Goldsmith Products Sunglasses & Spectacles Website olivergoldsmith.com Oliver Goldsmith is a British eyewear (/wiki/Eyewear) design company established in London in 1926 by Phillip Oliver Goldsmith. Under the directorship of his son Charles "Oliver" Goldsmith, grandsons Andrew Oliver and Raymond, and great-granddaughter Claire Goldsmith, the brand became known worldwide for its innovative designs for glasses and sunglasses worn by celebrities such as Diana Dors (/wiki/Diana_Dors) , Michael Caine (/wiki/Michael_Caine) and Audrey Hepburn (/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn) . Hepburn's famous sunglasses in Breakfast at Tiffany's (/wiki/Breakfast_at_Tiffany%27s_(film)) were an Oliver Goldsmith design. The sunglasses side of the brand ceased producing in 1985 but was re-launched in 2005 after a 20-year hiatus. The spectacle side has remained in production throughout, without interruption. Company history [ edit ] Philip Oliver Goldsmith (1890-1947) started out as a travelling salesman for Raphaels opticians, before opening an opticians (/wiki/Optician) at 60 Poland Street (/wiki/Poland_Street) specialising in handmade spectacles-frames of real tortoiseshell (/wiki/Tortoiseshell) . [1] (#cite_note-vam-1) His son Charles (1914-1991) joined him in 1930, and during the Second World War (/wiki/Second_World_War) , the firm supplied spectacles to the armed forces whilst catering to civilians. [1] (#cite_note-vam-1) Audrey Hepburn in Breakfast at Tiffany's (/wiki/Breakfast_at_Tiffany%27s_(film)) wearing a pair of Oliver Goldsmith 'Manhattan' sunglasses, 1961 In 1947, following Philip's death, Charles took his company's name as his own, and became chairman. [1] (#cite_note-vam-1) As Oliver Goldsmith, he used press coverage and celebrity endorsements to publicise the company and their creative designs. [1] (#cite_note-vam-1) Their eyewear was worn by Lord Snowdon (/wiki/Lord_Snowdon) , Diana Dors (/wiki/Diana_Dors) , and Diana, Princess of Wales (/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales) , and often featured unexpected novelty designs such as music notes or large hand-painted acetate butterflies perched on the wearer's nose. [2] (#cite_note-2) Goldsmith's creative frames helped establish the idea of spectacles and eyewear as a fun fashion accessory, rather than simply a functional necessity. [3] (#cite_note-3) Audrey Hepburn (/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn) notably wore the brand's 'Manhattan' sunglasses in Breakfast at Tiffany's (/wiki/Breakfast_at_Tiffany%27s_(film)) , although at the time they were mistaken for Ray-Ban Wayfarers (/wiki/Ray-Ban_Wayfarer) . [4] (#cite_note-styleme-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) The Goldsmiths also collaborated with Paris couture houses including Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior_SE) and Givenchy (/wiki/Givenchy) . [6] (#cite_note-culture24-6) Oliver's sons A. Oliver (Andrew Oliver, b.1942) and Raymond (1944-1997) also joined the firm, with A. Oliver joining in 1959 on a general apprenticeship (/wiki/Apprenticeship) before becoming the glasses frame designer in 1965, and eventually manager by the 21st-century, whilst Raymond became manager of the sunglasses line. [1] (#cite_note-vam-1) In 1985, the company ceased producing sunglasses, although clients were still able to get their sunglasses repaired by skilled craftsmen working in the factory in Clacton (/wiki/Clacton) . [7] (#cite_note-7) The optical side of the business continued to produce spectacles under the management of A. Oliver. In 2006, Raymond's daughter, Claire Goldsmith, who had inherited the rights following his death in 1997, relaunched the sunglasses line. [8] (#cite_note-guardian-8) The company's success post-relaunch was fuelled by demand for vintage reissues of the original 1950s, 1960s and 1970s designs made in the same way as the originals. The company has a large archive collection of frames from which they choose the models for reissue. [1] (#cite_note-vam-1) [8] (#cite_note-guardian-8) [9] (#cite_note-scmp-9) Legacy [ edit ] The Victoria and Albert Museum (/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum) holds a substantial group of eyewear produced by the firm between 1930 and 1985, recording the development of eyewear from 1920s tortoiseshell frames to mid-century plastics to 1980s fashion eyewear. [1] (#cite_note-vam-1) A retrospective of Oliver Goldsmith eyewear was held in 2014 at the National Glass Centre (/wiki/National_Glass_Centre) in Sunderland (/wiki/Sunderland,_Tyne_and_Wear) . [6] (#cite_note-culture24-6) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d e f g "About the V&A Oliver Goldsmith Eyewear Collection" (http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/a/the-v-and-a-oliver-goldsmith-eyewear-collection/) . www.vam.ac.uk . Victoria and Albert Museum . Retrieved 12 July 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "1962 Butterfly sunglasses by Oliver Goldsmith Eyewear" (https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O179348/butterfly-sunglasses-oliver-goldsmith-eyewear/) . V&A Search the Collections . Victoria and Albert Museum . Retrieved 12 July 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Milford-Cottam, Daniel (2013). "Oliver Goldsmith Eyewear". In Stanfill, Sonnet (ed.). 80s Fashion: From Club to Catwalk . Harry N. Abrams. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781851777259 . ^ (#cite_ref-styleme_4-0) Thompson, Naomi; Tregenza, Liz (2014). Style Me Vintage: Accessories: A guide to collectable hats, gloves, bags, shoes, costume jewellery & more . Pavilion Books. p. 242. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781910496107 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Campbell, Craig (5 May 2017). "80 years of Ray-Bans: Shades don't come much cooler than these! - Sunday Post" (https://www.sundaypost.com/fp/80-years-ofray-bans-shades-dont-come-much-cooler-than-these/) . Sunday Post . Retrieved 12 July 2017 . ^ a b "Specs show stars Michael Caine and Audrey Hepburn at the National Glass Centre" (http://www.culture24.org.uk/history-and-heritage/art464088) . Culture 24 . 16 January 2014 . Retrieved 12 July 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Fullagar, Louis J L (28 March 2013). "Designer Files: Claire Goldsmith" (http://www.luxuryeyewearforum.com/2013/03/28/designer-files-claire-goldsmith/) . LUXURY EYEWEAR FORUM . Retrieved 12 July 2017 . ^ a b Deeble, Sandra (6 May 2005). "My work space: Claire Goldsmith" (https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2005/may/07/features.jobsmoney12) . The Guardian . Retrieved 12 July 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-scmp_9-0) Harilela, Divia (18 October 2013). "Vintage eyewear brands spy a revival" (http://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/fashion-watches/article/1334578/vintage-eyewear-brands-spy-revival) . South China Morning Post . Retrieved 12 July 2017 . Further reading [ edit ] Handley, Neil (2011). Cult Eyewear: The World's Enduring Classics . Merrell. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9781858945095 . Schiffer, Nancy (2000). Eyeglass Retrospective: Where Fashion Meets Science . Schiffer. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780764310416 . External links [ edit ] Official website (https://www.olivergoldsmith.com) "Interviews with A. Oliver Goldsmith" (http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/o/oliver-goldsmith-20th-century-eyewear/) . www.vam.ac.uk . Victoria and Albert Museum . Retrieved 12 July 2017 . 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Variety of cowboy hat Participants in the bull riding (/wiki/Bull_riding) event at the 2007 Calgary Stampede (/wiki/Calgary_Stampede) wear Calgary White Hats The Calgary White Hat is a white felt cowboy hat (/wiki/Cowboy_hat) which is the symbol of both the Calgary Stampede (/wiki/Calgary_Stampede) annual rodeo and the city of Calgary (/wiki/Calgary) . Created by Morris Shumiatcher, owner of Smithbilt Hat Company, it was worn for the first time at the 1946 Stampede. In the early 1950s, Mayor of Calgary Donald Hugh Mackay (/wiki/Donald_Hugh_Mackay) began presenting the white hat to visiting dignitaries, a tradition that the mayor's office continues to this day. Thousands of tourists and groups also participate in "white hatting ceremonies" conducted by Tourism Calgary and by volunteer greeters at the Calgary International Airport (/wiki/Calgary_International_Airport) . In 1983, the Calgary White Hat was incorporated into the design of the flag of Calgary (/wiki/Flag_of_Calgary) . History [ edit ] Steer wrestlers (/wiki/Steer_wrestling) at the 2011 Calgary Stampede wearing Calgary White Hats If you see somebody in a white cowboy hat in Toronto, you know immediately they're from Calgary. –Don Wilson, past chairman and president of the Calgary Stampede (/wiki/Calgary_Stampede) [1] (#cite_note-1) The Calgary White Hat was created by Morris Shumiatcher (1892–1958), a Russian-Jewish immigrant who came to Alberta (/wiki/Alberta) with his father in 1909. [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJoffeFischbein200777-2) His mother and ten other siblings joined them in Calgary in 1911. [3] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJewish_Historical_Society_of_Southern_Alberta1996266-3) In 1919, Shumiatcher bought Calgary Hat Works, a hat cleaning and blocking firm, and turned it into Smithbilt Hat Company, which would manufacture and sell hats as well. [4] (#cite_note-pine-4) The company operated retail stores in Alberta, Saskatchewan (/wiki/Saskatchewan) , and British Columbia (/wiki/British_Columbia) . [4] (#cite_note-pine-4) Smithbilt initially produced fedoras (/wiki/Fedora) , top hats (/wiki/Top_hat) , and bowler hats (/wiki/Bowler_hat) . [5] (#cite_note-avenue-5) In the 1940s, the board of the Calgary Stampede (/wiki/Calgary_Stampede) decided to encourage the wearing of cowboy hats (/wiki/Cowboy_hat) at the annual rodeo and Shumiatcher sought to meet the demand. Though light pastel (/wiki/Pastel) hats for men were then in vogue, Shumiatcher opted to manufacture a pure white cowboy hat. He imported the white felt from Russia through his Jewish contacts there who were tailors and hat makers, and produced 18 white hats in 1946. [4] (#cite_note-pine-4) [6] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWarrender2003114-6) [7] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJoffeFischbein200768-7) William Herron, a local rancher and oilman who often won the best costume prize in the Calgary Stampede parade, purchased four of them for himself and his family members, and the rest sold out in a day. [4] (#cite_note-pine-4) In 1947, Shumiatcher produced 240 white hats for the Stampede, which also sold out. [4] (#cite_note-pine-4) [a] (#cite_note-10) In 1948, 250 Calgary Stampeders (/wiki/Calgary_Stampeders) fans wore their Smithbilt white hats to the 36th Grey Cup (/wiki/36th_Grey_Cup) championship in Toronto (/wiki/Toronto) . Many gave their hats to Torontonians whom they befriended; one gave a hat to the mayor. [10] (#cite_note-11) [11] (#cite_note-can-12) [12] (#cite_note-hotel-13) The 1948 Grey Cup event caused the Calgary White Hat to be regarded as a symbol of the city's hospitality. [13] (#cite_note-14) White hatting ceremony [ edit ] (L. to r.) United States Ambassador to Canada (/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Canada) David Jacobson (/wiki/David_Jacobson_(diplomat)) and his wife are "white hatted" by Calgary mayor Dave Bronconnier (/wiki/Dave_Bronconnier) during their first visit to Alberta, 2009 In 1950, newly elected mayor of Calgary (/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Calgary) Donald Hugh Mackay (/wiki/Donald_Hugh_Mackay) , who had been part of the 1948 Grey Cup excursion, [14] (#cite_note-aci-15) initiated the practice of presenting a Smithbilt white hat to every visiting dignitary. [15] (#cite_note-16) [16] (#cite_note-plaque-17) [17] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHamblin201453-18) City Council aldermen (/wiki/Alderman) increasingly grew uncomfortable with the practice, which they viewed as a show: Alderman P.N.R. Morrison protested that "The white hats undermine efforts to establish Calgary as an oil and industrial centre", and Alderman Grant MacEwan (/wiki/Grant_MacEwan) said, "The presentations have been carried to a foolish extreme". [18] (#cite_note-Jeremy-19) In 1958, the City Council voted to limit the number of mayoral hat-giving ceremonies to 15 per year. [18] (#cite_note-Jeremy-19) Mackay responded by launching a White Hat Fund with the help of local businessmen; the white hatting ceremony was eventually taken over by Tourism Calgary. [18] (#cite_note-Jeremy-19) The mayor's white hatting ceremony is considered the equivalent of bestowing the keys to the city (/wiki/List_of_Keys_to_the_City_in_Canada#Calgary) . [11] (#cite_note-can-12) The mayor's office conducts 15 to 25 white hatting ceremonies per year; among its recipients have been Queen Elizabeth II (/wiki/Elizabeth_II) and William (/wiki/Prince_William,_Duke_of_Cambridge) and Catherine (/wiki/Catherine,_Duchess_of_Cambridge) , the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge; [19] (#cite_note-20) world leaders Vladimir Putin (/wiki/Vladimir_Putin) , Tony Blair (/wiki/Tony_Blair) , Bill Clinton (/wiki/Bill_Clinton) , and George W. Bush (/wiki/George_W._Bush) ; the Dalai Lama (/wiki/Dalai_Lama) , Pope John Paul II (/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II) , and Governor General of Canada (/wiki/Governor_General_of_Canada) Michaëlle Jean (/wiki/Micha%C3%ABlle_Jean) ; and entertainers Bob Dylan (/wiki/Bob_Dylan) , Ozzy (/wiki/Ozzy_Osbourne) and Sharon Osbourne (/wiki/Sharon_Osbourne) , David Lee Roth (/wiki/David_Lee_Roth) , Luciano Pavarotti (/wiki/Luciano_Pavarotti) , Oprah Winfrey (/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey) , and Mickey Mouse (/wiki/Mickey_Mouse) . [11] (#cite_note-can-12) [20] (#cite_note-cbc-21) [21] (#cite_note-22) In 1969, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (/wiki/Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh) , tolerated the white hatting faux pas of new mayor Rod Sykes (/wiki/Rod_Sykes) when Sykes, who had not received the message that the Duke already possessed two Calgary White Hats from previous visits, welcomed the arriving royal with a white hat. Philip muttered, "Not another one". Then he remarked, "You must give out dozens of these things. ... I can always use it for carrying water around ... or to put flowers in when I get home". [22] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarshall201663-23) [23] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEByfieldBunner2002233-24) Today, thousands of white hatting ceremonies are conducted annually by Tourism Calgary and by volunteer greeters at Calgary International Airport. [18] (#cite_note-Jeremy-19) Tourism Calgary conducts white hatting ceremonies for groups and organizations. In September 2012, for example, 900 attendees to the Airport Council International (/wiki/Airport_Council_International) -North America annual conference participated in a white hatting ceremony in which they also received certificates naming them as honorary citizens (/wiki/Honorary_citizenship) of the city. [14] (#cite_note-aci-15) The white hatting ceremony for individual tourists and groups arriving at the airport began in 1991 with a staff of 45 volunteers; by 2016, that number had increased to more than 440 volunteers. [24] (#cite_note-air-25) Between 1991 and 2016, the airport greeters conducted close to 4,000 white hatting ceremonies for more than 12,520 visitors. [24] (#cite_note-air-25) Any individual or group can order a white hatting ceremony at the airport; they must purchase a new, white hat in advance or bring one with them. [25] (#cite_note-26) The airport greeters, outfitted in white shirts, red vests, and Calgary White Hats, also answer questions and provide directions and assistance to travelers. [26] (#cite_note-long-27) As part of the white hatting ceremony conducted for tourists and groups, recipients are asked to recite the following oath: "I/we, havin' pleasured ourselves in the only genuine cowtown in Canada, namely Calgary, Alberta and havin' been duly exposed to exceptional amounts of heart warmin', hand shakin', foot stompin', down home, country style Western Spirit, do promise to share this here brand of Western Hospitality with all folks and critters who cross our path". The one leading the oath adds, "On the count of three, raise your hat and shout a big ole' Calgary 'YAHOO!!!'" [27] (#cite_note-28) The "YAHOO!!!" shout echoes the traditional cowboy call heard at the Calgary Stampede. [28] (#cite_note-29) Description [ edit ] Patsy Rodgers, the first Stampede Queen in 1946, is seen here as the 2008 Stampede Parade Marshal Smithbilt Hats, the official hat maker for the Calgary Stampede, [29] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEsrock201354-30) produces the Calgary White Hat in straw, canvas, Merino wool, and 100% rabbit fur. [5] (#cite_note-avenue-5) [11] (#cite_note-can-12) The straw and canvas models are typically selected by tourists, with a retail price of around CAD$25 per hat, while the rabbit fur felt model, at CAD$225, is the one presented to visiting dignitaries by the mayor. [30] (#cite_note-globe-31) The brim of the hat is wide and curved. [18] (#cite_note-Jeremy-19) The brim is made narrower for women's hats. [12] (#cite_note-hotel-13) Because of its shape, the Calgary White Hat does not lend itself to variety in customization. However, Smithbilt does measure and adjust its high-end models per customer preference. [11] (#cite_note-can-12) The company offers a custom-designed hat box. [11] (#cite_note-can-12) Hat stiffening and renovation services are also available. [11] (#cite_note-can-12) The company notes, "If you spill your whiskey on your hat, rinse the spot immediately and brush it with your finger. Let the hat dry out naturally. Do the same for yourself". [11] (#cite_note-can-12) As of 2009, white hats accounted for approximately one-quarter of Smithbilt's annual sales, with yearly sales figures of 20,000 handmade wool and fur hats and 40,000 imported straw models. [5] (#cite_note-avenue-5) A white hat is also worn by each year's Calgary Stampede Queen in place of a crown; she and her ladies in waiting (/wiki/Lady-in-waiting) decorate their hats with jewels and pins. [31] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHamblin2014112,_145-32) Calgary White Hats were worn by the Canadian Olympic team at the opening ceremony of the 1988 Winter Olympics (/wiki/1988_Winter_Olympics) in Calgary. [2] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJoffeFischbein200777-2) [4] (#cite_note-pine-4) Flag of Calgary [ edit ] In 1983, the city held a contest to design a new flag (/wiki/Flag_of_Calgary) . The winning entry depicts a red field (/wiki/Glossary_of_vexillology#Field) bordered by horizontal white stripes across the top and bottom. The emblem (/wiki/Glossary_of_vexillology#Emblem) on the field is a large white "C" encasing a Calgary White Hat. Among other things, the "C" represents the city of Calgary, as does the white hat. [32] (#cite_note-33) White Hat Awards [ edit ] In 1962, Tourism Calgary inaugurated the White Hat Awards to recognize individual achievements in the city's tourism industry. [16] (#cite_note-plaque-17) [33] (#cite_note-34) In 2016, 650 individuals were nominated in 20 categories. [34] (#cite_note-35) The 56th annual awards ceremony is scheduled for May 16, 2018. [35] (#cite_note-36) 1989 White Hatter of the Year went to professional singer/entertainer, Molly Hamilton, affectionately known as "Miss Molly". This award is given to the one person in Calgary who best demonstrated the warm and western hospitality of the city. Notes [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-10) According to another version of the story, Herron was the one who sought a hat maker who would create a white felt cowboy hat to go with the parade costumes his wife was sewing for the Calgary Stampede of 1947. Shumiatcher agreed to take on the project and imported the white felt from Russia through his contacts there. Herron ordered 144 white hats for his family and friends, won the best costume prize, and set off a fashion craze for Smithbilt white cowboy hats at the Stampede. [8] (#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWarrender2003143–144-8) [9] (#cite_note-9) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Hood, Sarah B. (6 June 2005). "Designer cowboy hats" (https://www.canadianbusiness.com/lifestyle/designer-cowboy-hats/) . Canadian Business (/wiki/Canadian_Business) . Retrieved 15 October 2017 . ^ a b Joffe & Fischbein 2007 (#CITEREFJoffeFischbein2007) , p. 77. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJewish_Historical_Society_of_Southern_Alberta1996266_3-0) Jewish Historical Society of Southern Alberta 1996 (#CITEREFJewish_Historical_Society_of_Southern_Alberta1996) , p. 266. ^ a b c d e f Brennan, Brian (8 March 1997). "The Shumiatcher Saga" (http://www.whitepinepictures.com/seeds/i/1/sidebar.html) . Calgary Herald (/wiki/Calgary_Herald) . Retrieved 15 October 2017 . ( Season 1, Episode 1 (/wiki/List_of_A_Scattering_of_Seeds_episodes) of A Scattering of Seeds (/wiki/A_Scattering_of_Seeds) ) ^ a b c "Smithbilt Hats: A History" (https://web.archive.org/web/20171018072921/http://www.avenuecalgary.com/June-2009/Smithbilt-Hats-A-History/) . Avenue Calgary . 18 June 2009. Archived from the original (http://www.avenuecalgary.com/June-2009/Smithbilt-Hats-A-History/) on 18 October 2017 . Retrieved 17 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWarrender2003114_6-0) Warrender 2003 (#CITEREFWarrender2003) , p. 114. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJoffeFischbein200768_7-0) Joffe & Fischbein 2007 (#CITEREFJoffeFischbein2007) , p. 68. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWarrender2003143–144_8-0) Warrender 2003 (#CITEREFWarrender2003) , pp. 143–144. ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Stampede 100 Day Countdown: 1947" (https://calgaryherald.com/news/local-news/stampede-100-day-countdown-1947) . Calgary Herald . 3 May 2012 . Retrieved 18 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Shortt, Tanis (2017). "TSN Films Pre-Game Feature at Glenbow (press release)" (http://www.glenbow.org/about/behind/tsn.cfm) . Glenbow Museum (/wiki/Glenbow_Museum) . Retrieved 15 October 2017 . ^ a b c d e f g h Remington, Robert (8 July 2011). "Royal couple opt out of Calgary's white stetson tradition" (http://www.canada.com/news/calgary/royal+couple+calgary+white+stetson+tradition/5066976/story.html) . canada.com (/wiki/Postmedia_News) . Retrieved 15 October 2017 . ^ a b "The History of the White Hat" (https://web.archive.org/web/20171018072609/http://www.visitcalgary.com/maps-tools/inside-guide/history-white-hat) . Tourism Calgary. 2017. Archived from the original (http://www.visitcalgary.com/maps-tools/inside-guide/history-white-hat) on 18 October 2017 . Retrieved 15 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Cosh, Colby (6 July 2012). "The Calgary Stampede at 100" (https://www.macleans.ca/news/canada/a-broncs-tale/) . Maclean's (/wiki/Maclean%27s) . Retrieved 12 October 2017 . ^ a b DeSchutter, Julien (6 September 2012). "Yahoo! White Hats Galore" (https://web.archive.org/web/20171018072623/https://www.aci-na.org/blog/2012/09/06/yahoo-white-hats-galore/) . Airport Council International (/wiki/Airport_Council_International) -North America. Archived from the original (https://www.aci-na.org/blog/2012/09/06/yahoo-white-hats-galore/) on 18 October 2017 . Retrieved 15 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Crosby, Karen (13 May 2012). "1940s: Stampede roundup of facts from the Herald files" (https://calgaryherald.com/sports/1940s+stampede+roundup+facts+from+herald+files/6613869/story.html) . Calgary Herald . Retrieved 12 October 2017 . ^ a b "Smithbilt Hat Company 1208 – 1 Street SW" (http://jhssa.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Smithbilt-plaque-June-2012_4.pdf) (PDF) . Jewish Historical Society of Southern Alberta. 2012 . Retrieved 12 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHamblin201453_18-0) Hamblin 2014 (#CITEREFHamblin2014) , p. 53. ^ a b c d e Klaszus, Jeremy (4 January 2016). "The White Hat: A Calgary symbol we love to hate" (http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/white-hat-calgary-symbol-love-hate-1.3368423) . CBC News (/wiki/CBC_News) . Retrieved 12 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Calgary's Smithbilt Hats" (http://cje2017.com/cje-across-canada/) . Canadian Jewish Experience. 2017 . Retrieved 12 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-cbc_21-0) "Prince of Darkness dons white cowboy hat" (http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/prince-of-darkness-dons-white-cowboy-hat-1.748745) . CBC News . 25 July 2008 . Retrieved 12 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Gallery: A look back at Calgary's iconic white hat ceremonies" (https://calgaryherald.com/news/gallery+look+back+calgary+iconic+white+ceremonies/7012312/story.html) . Calgary Herald . 30 July 2012 . Retrieved 12 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarshall201663_23-0) Marshall 2016 (#CITEREFMarshall2016) , p. 63. ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEByfieldBunner2002233_24-0) Byfield & Bunner 2002 (#CITEREFByfieldBunner2002) , p. 233. ^ a b "YYC's Iconic White Hat Volunteers Celebrate a Quarter Century of Service (press release)" (https://web.archive.org/web/20171018072743/http://www.yycrunway.ca/News/tabid/91/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/263/YYCs-Iconic-White-Hat-Volunteers-Celebrate-a-Quarter-Century-of-Service.aspx) . Calgary International Airport (/wiki/Calgary_International_Airport) . 29 June 2016. Archived from the original (http://www.yycrunway.ca/News/tabid/91/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/263/YYCs-Iconic-White-Hat-Volunteers-Celebrate-a-Quarter-Century-of-Service.aspx) on 18 October 2017 . Retrieved 17 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "White Hat Ceremony – Reservation Form" (http://yyc.com/Portals/0/MEDIA/Form%20White%20Hat%20Ceremony.pdf) (PDF) . Calgary International Airport . Retrieved 17 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-long_27-0) Cole, Yolande (28 June 2016). "Long-time White Hat volunteers recognized at Calgary airport" (https://calgaryherald.com/news/local-news/long-time-white-hat-volunteers-recognized-at-calgary-airport) . Calgary Herald . Retrieved 17 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-28) Calgary City Tours & surrounds (21 January 2016). "The 'White Hat' Ceremony and Oath" (https://www.facebook.com/StampedeCitySessions/posts/the-calgary-white-hat-was-introduced-by-smithbilt-hats-of-calgary-in-the-1940s-a/650615008356024/) . Facebook . Retrieved 15 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) "St Lucia PM visits Canada" (http://www.thecaribbeancamera.com/news/st-lucia-pm-visits-canada/) . The Caribbean Camera Inc. 15 March 2013 . Retrieved 15 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEsrock201354_30-0) Esrock 2013 (#CITEREFEsrock2013) , p. 54. ^ (#cite_ref-globe_31-0) Dingman, Shane (26 June 2014). "Made in Canada: Handcrafted cowboy hats with century-old equipment" (https://beta.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/rob-magazine/made-in-canada-handcrafted-cowboy-hats-with-century-old-equipment/article19236975/?ref=https://www.theglobeandmail.com&) . The Globe and Mail (/wiki/The_Globe_and_Mail) . Retrieved 18 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHamblin2014112,_145_32-0) Hamblin 2014 (#CITEREFHamblin2014) , pp. 112, 145. ^ (#cite_ref-33) "Calgary, Alberta" (https://www.pdcnet.org/85257D7A006284F7/file/B89F9A0865EC48A385257D7F00608225/$FILE/raven_2011_0018_0000_0044_0045.pdf) (PDF) . Canadian City Flags . Philosophy Documentation Center. pp. 24–25. ^ (#cite_ref-34) "55th Annual White Hat Awards" (http://www.getdown.ca/2017/05/18/55th-annual-white-hat-awards/) . Calgary Downtown Association. 18 May 2017 . Retrieved 17 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) Tucker, Gil (17 May 2016). "Hat trick: 3-time award winner helps select the stars of Calgary's tourism industry" (https://globalnews.ca/news/2707531/hat-trick-3-time-award-winner-helps-select-the-stars-of-calgarys-tourism-industry/) . Global News (/wiki/Global_News) . Retrieved 17 October 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-36) "Calgary White Hat Awards" (https://web.archive.org/web/20171018072505/http://www.visitcalgary.com/industry-members/news-events/calgary-white-hat-awards) . Tourism Calgary. 2017. Archived from the original (http://www.visitcalgary.com/industry-members/news-events/calgary-white-hat-awards) on 18 October 2017 . Retrieved 17 October 2017 . Sources [ edit ] Byfield, Virginia; Bunner, Paul (2002). Alberta in the 20th Century: The sixties revolution and the fall of social credit . United Western Publications. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 0973076003 . Esrock, Robin (2013). The Great Canadian Bucket List: One-of-a-Kind Travel Experiences . Dundurn.com. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1459723085 . Jewish Historical Society of Southern Alberta (1996). Land of Promise: The Jewish Experience in Southern Alberta . The Society. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1-55056-457-9 . Joffe, Jay; Fischbein, Maxine (2007). A Joyful Harvest: Celebrating the Jewish Contribution to Southern Alberta Life, 1889–2005 . Jewish Historical Society of Southern Alberta. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-0978247805 . Hamblin, Jennifer (2014). Calgary's Stampede Queens . Rocky Mountain Books. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1771600033 . Marshall, Andy (2016). Thin Power: How former Calgary Mayor Rod Sykes stamped his brand on the city . . . And scorched some sacred cows . FriesenPress. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-1460283974 . Warrender, Susan (2003). Alberta Titans: From Rags to Riches During Alberta's Pioneer Days . Heritage House Publishing Co. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 1551539837 . External links [ edit ] Smithbilt Hats website (https://smithbilthats.com) "Calgary White Hat Ceremony at 2012 ACI-NA/World Conference" (video) (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_u2bxSW9lhA) , 2012 "Official Calgary White Hat Ceremony at Calgary international airport for Howard Dover" (video) (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3kQgnUX_p5k) , September 10, 2009 NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐sx6x6 Cached time: 20240720235934 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.427 seconds Real time usage: 0.508 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2525/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 58933/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2405/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 120886/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.254/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6381729/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 440.599 1 -total 48.15% 212.145 2 Template:Reflist 39.54% 174.211 24 Template:Cite_web 18.00% 79.300 1 Template:Short_description 14.86% 65.456 11 Template:Sfn 10.02% 44.127 2 Template:Pagetype 9.25% 40.736 8 Template:Cite_book 5.76% 25.361 18 Template:Main_other 5.40% 23.787 1 Template:Quote_box 4.67% 20.589 1 Template:SDcat Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:55560706-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720235934 and revision id 1198155091. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calgary_White_Hat&oldid=1198155091 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calgary_White_Hat&oldid=1198155091) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Culture of Calgary (/wiki/Category:Culture_of_Calgary) Hats (/wiki/Category:Hats) Western wear (/wiki/Category:Western_wear) Products introduced in 1946 (/wiki/Category:Products_introduced_in_1946) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata)
Swiss women who worked as fashion designers (/wiki/Fashion_designer) . Biography portal (/wiki/Portal:Biography) Fashion portal (/wiki/Portal:Fashion) Switzerland portal (/wiki/Portal:Switzerland) This is a non-diffusing subcategory (/wiki/Wikipedia:Categorization#Non-diffusing_subcategories) of Category:Swiss fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Swiss_fashion_designers) . It includes Swiss fashion designers that can also be found in the parent category, or in diffusing subcategories of the parent. NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐8nrlt Cached time: 20240720161613 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.081 seconds Real time usage: 0.115 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 137/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3983/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 297/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 4/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3351/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.047/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 934350/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 98.984 1 -total 48.37% 47.882 1 Template:Portal 38.89% 38.493 1 Template:Non-diffusing 31.54% 31.216 1 Template:Cmbox 12.55% 12.421 1 Template:CatAutoTOC 9.81% 9.711 2 Template:Category_other 7.39% 7.315 1 Template:Automatic_category_TOC/core 4.08% 4.034 1 Template:Single_namespace 1.62% 1.608 1 Template:Template_other 1.32% 1.303 1 Template:Clear Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:72292491-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720161613 and revision id 1177799352. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Swiss women fashion designers" The following 7 pages are in this category, out of 7 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Marianne Alvoni (/wiki/Marianne_Alvoni) C Consuelo Castiglioni (/wiki/Consuelo_Castiglioni) F Christa de Carouge (/wiki/Christa_de_Carouge) J Gaby Jouval (/wiki/Gaby_Jouval) M Sandra Mansour (/wiki/Sandra_Mansour) S Fiona Swarovski (/wiki/Fiona_Swarovski) T Stefi Talman (/wiki/Stefi_Talman) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Swiss_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1177799352 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Swiss_women_fashion_designers&oldid=1177799352) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Swiss fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Swiss_fashion_designers) Swiss women artists (/wiki/Category:Swiss_women_artists) Women fashion designers by nationality (/wiki/Category:Women_fashion_designers_by_nationality) Hidden categories: Wikipedia non-diffusing subcategories (/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_non-diffusing_subcategories) Automatic category TOC generates no TOC (/wiki/Category:Automatic_category_TOC_generates_no_TOC)
(Redirected from Cherkeska (/w/index.php?title=Cherkeska&redirect=no) ) High-necked wool coat worn by men in the Caucasus This article is about the Caucasian item of clothing. For the nineteenth-century Indian painter, see Chokha (painter) (/wiki/Chokha_(painter)) . Georgian (/wiki/Georgians) man with goshawk wearing chokha, on Tbilisoba (/wiki/Tbilisoba) festival. Chechens (/wiki/Chechens) wearing chokha at wedding match. A chokha , [a] (#cite_note-2) also known as a cherkeska , [2] (#cite_note-3) is a woolen (/wiki/Wool) coat (/wiki/Coat_(clothing)) with a high neck that is part of the traditional male dress of peoples of the Caucasus (/wiki/Peoples_of_the_Caucasus) . [3] (#cite_note-4) It was in wide use among Avars (/wiki/Avars_(Caucasus)) , Abazins (/wiki/Abazins) , Abkhazians (/wiki/Abkhazians) , [4] (#cite_note-:0-5) Azerbaijanis (/wiki/Azerbaijanis) , Balkars (/wiki/Balkars) , Chechens (/wiki/Chechens) , Circassians (/wiki/Circassians) , Georgians (/wiki/Georgians) , Ingush (/wiki/Ingush_people) , Karachays (/wiki/Karachays) , Kumyks (/wiki/Kumyks) , Nogais (/wiki/Nogais) , Ossetians (/wiki/Ossetians) , Tats (/wiki/Tat_people_(Caucasus)) , the peoples of Dagestan (/wiki/Dagestan) , as well as Terek (/wiki/Terek_Cossacks) and Kuban (/wiki/Kuban_Cossacks) Cossacks, Eastern Armenians (/wiki/Armenians) [4] (#cite_note-:0-5) who adopted it from the aforementioned peoples. Etymology [ edit ] Although Chokha was worn by other Caucasian peoples in the same period, the Russians named this costume Cherkeska because they first saw it among the Circassians (/wiki/Circassians) . [5] (#cite_note-6) According to Clothing History Specialist Raisa Kirsanova, the name Cherkeska originates from the fact that Russians used the name Circassian ( Cherkes ) for the Caucasian peoples, regardless of their ethnic origin. [6] (#cite_note-7) Later the Kuban Cossacks (/wiki/Kuban_Cossacks) adopted it as part of their costume. [7] (#cite_note-8) Before the Russian invasion, parts of the South Caucasus were under a Persian influence so the word chugha was widely used in the region and still continues to be used to refer to the attire, although, the pronunciation of the word varies among ethnicities. The word chugha is of an Iranian (/wiki/Iranian_languages) origin [8] (#cite_note-9) meaning 'outfit made of textile', but it was also found being used in Turkic languages (/wiki/Turkic_languages) to describe another similar coat chugha (/wiki/Chugha) (çoğa) that was worn during winters in Central Asia. In that context, it is also possible that the word comes from the word chek , which is what the Turks call cotton fabric, from which the outerwear is sewn. Also, the word chek means "pull", "tighten", "tie up". [9] (#cite_note-10) From the Book of Dede Korkut (/wiki/Book_of_Dede_Korkut) , the name of this type of clothing was known among the Oghuz Turks (/wiki/Oghuz_Turks) as "chuga" or "cuha" as well which translates to "cloth". [10] (#cite_note-11) [11] (#cite_note-12) The word chugha was used mostly in regions like the South Caucasus, Chechnya and Dagestan. Georgians call it chokha but the clothing used to be called talavari which is now known as the Khevsur chokha. Azerbaijanis either call the caftan a chukha or chuxa or arkhalig (/wiki/Arkhalig) , although arkhalig is most of the time associated with a lighter jacket but Azerbaijanis use those words interchangeably. However, in Circassian (/wiki/Northwest_Caucasian_languages) languages, the word chugha was not adopted and the outfit is known as shwakh-tsia which means 'covers the horseman', or simply tsey , meaning 'from fabric'. [12] (#cite_note-13) The Turkic groups in North Caucasus such as the Nogais, Balkars, Karachays and Kumyks named the coat chepken (/wiki/Chepken) , which is another word that entered the Russian language in the form of chekmen . [13] (#cite_note-14) History and development [ edit ] A caftan (/wiki/Caftan) worn by a horseman along the Silk Road, 8th–10th century AD. The wearer could have been a man from Alania, in a region then under Khazar domination. Metropolitan Museum of Art (/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art) . A popular theory is that the caftan found in Moschevaya Balka (/wiki/Caftan_(Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art)) is the prototype of what we know today as chokha. [14] (#cite_note-15) The prototype may have been a common type of clothing among the Khazars (/wiki/Khazars) and the Alans (/wiki/Alans) . [15] (#cite_note-16) It is possible that the caftan has its origins from the Generic Horse Archer Costume which is a clothing style worn by horsemen among the Iranic groups, Western Turks, the Huns (/wiki/Huns) , and also the east Germanic peoples (/wiki/Germanic_peoples) who settled in the Pontic and Danube regions and took the clothes west after the invasion of the Huns in 375 CE. The caftan was worn by horsemen along the Silk Road (/wiki/Silk_Road) in Caucasus (/wiki/Caucasus) during the 8th to 10th centuries, although, the generic horse archer costume remained unchanged in the region for centuries. [16] (#cite_note-K8-17) Due to tensions between Byzantine Empire (/wiki/Byzantine_Empire) and Persia (/wiki/Iran) , Georgia (/wiki/Georgia_(country)) became an important route for steppe merchants to deliver silk to Byzantium. [17] (#cite_note-18) Georgians and other North Caucasian groups started adopting the costume style because of Georgia's role in the silk road and having constant interactions with the neighboring steppe peoples. [18] (#cite_note-K12-19) Sogdian (/wiki/Sogdian_people) soldier. Western Turks of both sexes wearing caftan with lapels. The costume consisted of the following elements: shorts, leggings, caftan or coat (multiple layers), and boots. The large dolman sleeves allow for freedom of movement and the two slits towards the back allow the skirt to cover the legs more fully while seated on horseback. The original use of the coat is very specialized for mounted archery, horse riding, and combat, similar to the use modern chokha. Well-preserved caftans were made of Sogdian and Chinese fabrics. Later in the Khazar reign the caftan started to become associated with aristocracy in the Caucasus and it remained that way until late 19th century. By the period of the Western Han dynasty (/wiki/Han_dynasty) (206 BCE–8 CE), silk trimming became a regular feature in the steppe environment. Prior to this, garments were trimmed with woven trim or fur. Piping or trimming of the caftan's collar and the chest was a common feature among the noble and common classes of the Parthians (/wiki/Parthian_Empire) , Kushans (/wiki/Kushan_Empire) , Sasanians (/wiki/Sasanian_Empire) , Sogdians (/wiki/Sogdia) , Hephthalites (/wiki/Hephthalites) , Huns (/wiki/Huns) , Turks (/wiki/Turkic_peoples) , Alans (/wiki/Alans) , and the Scythians (/wiki/Scythians) . Another design of the caftan also includes the lapels. Lapels do not feature on Parthian, Kushan, or Sasanian caftans, however they do appear in art from Hepthalite and Sogdian sites, it is suggested that the political ascendance of the Western Turks in the Alan's territory resulted in the adoption of lapels. [19] (#cite_note-20) [20] (#cite_note-K10-21) The caftan prevailed in fashion through the early medieval period in the Near East (/wiki/Near_East) and Central Asia (/wiki/Central_Asia) . [21] (#cite_note-Knauer-22) There is very little evidence for the existence of a separate women's clothing across the Eurasian steppe and in the Caucasus since the Moschevaya Balka graves show distinct sexual dimorphism in the clothes. Sogdian and Hunnic Women wore clothing comparatively more similar to their male counterparts. The differences in fashion between men and women start to become more obvious in later centuries, the male attire continues to follow Persian and Central Asian traditions while the female attire seems to have taken some of its inspiration from eastern Mediterranean models but the steppe influence remains. [22] (#cite_note-K9-23) The 8th century caftan known as chokha evidently does not resemble the military outfit worn in Caucasus and among Cossacks that we know today, it transformed over time - it changed its length and added new elements. For example, earlier on there was no such detail on the chokha like the gazyr (/wiki/Gazyr) . It appeared later when firearms started to be widely used. Initially, gazyrs were carried in leather bags attached to a shoulder strap or belt but a lot of different objects were already attached to the belt, a shashka (/wiki/Shashka) and a gun were worn over the shoulder on belts. This is why the gazyrs began to be sewn on the coat on both sides of the chest. This detail helped soldiers to easily store cartridges. In addition, the location it was sewn made it comfortable for the soldier wearing it so during the battle they did not have to look for them and fiddle around for a long time. Some chokhas had removable gazyrs while others were sown on the chest of the coat. More primitive versions of chokha looked like a looser, sometimes even a baggier type of clothing. The length was up to the knees or up to half of the thigh. Long narrow sleeves sometimes had a triangular protrusion at the bottom, covering the back of the arm. The chest was not as open as in chokhas from later models, and often there was a fastener from the neck to the waist. In some cases, there was a collar in the form of a low stand with bevelled front corners. Another difference between the prototype and the current chokha is the open cut chest of the coat which was most likely a style brought to Near East as a result of numerous Turkic invasions. The Caucasians also adopted numerous headwear and clothing items from the Iranian groups and later from the Turks that started to be worn together with the chokha . By the 18th century, a male costume common for the Caucasus was finally formed which consisted of gazyrs (/wiki/Gazyr) on the chest, beshmet (/wiki/Beshmet) , cherkeska , burka (/wiki/Burka_(Caucasus)) , bashlyk (/wiki/Bashlyk) , papakha (/wiki/Papakha) , etc. [23] (#cite_note-24) Seljuk (/wiki/Seljuk_Empire) ruler in Turkic attire. (long braids, fur hat, boots, fitting coat with lapels and cut open chest) A restoration of the fresco at Betania Monastery (/wiki/Betania_Monastery) . George IV of Georgia (/wiki/George_IV_of_Georgia) is depicted left next to his mother, Tamar of Georgia (/wiki/Tamar_of_Georgia) ; he wears a belted trimmed caftan with lapels, and she wears Byzantine court dress. (artist - Gagarin GG (/wiki/Grigory_Gagarin) ) Hephthalites (/wiki/Hephthalites) wearing the Generic Horse Archer Costume. Lapels are featured in the coat. Revival [ edit ] Georgian soldier in chokha standing his post at a memorial at Heroes Square (/wiki/Heroes_Square) , Tbilisi Circassians in Israel. The chokha was in wide use among the inhabitants of the Caucasus from 8th century until the Soviet (/wiki/Soviet_Union) era in the early 20th century. [24] (#cite_note-vogue2017-25) Nowadays, the chokha is no longer in everyday use, but continues to still be worn for ceremonial and festive occasions. For many, it is a symbol of a fight for freedom. In Georgia it is used as a symbol of national pride, and is frequently worn by Georgian men at weddings and official functions. [25] (#cite_note-26) Former Georgian president Mikheil Saakashvili (/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili) ordered high-ranking Georgian officials working abroad to present themselves in national costumes, including the chokha, at official meetings. [26] (#cite_note-27) On June 9, 2020, Georgia's National Agency for Cultural Heritage Preservation (/wiki/National_Agency_for_Cultural_Heritage_Preservation_of_Georgia) recognized chokha-wearing tradition as a part of the intangible cultural heritage of Georgia (/wiki/Intangible_cultural_heritage_of_Georgia) . [27] (#cite_note-28) Types [ edit ] Chokha types and designs vary by region and by culture but there are two types of chokhas worn most commonly in Caucasus: general and weighted. [28] (#cite_note-29) The common features are that the collars of both chokhas are cut open and the skirt of the coats are usually either corrugated or pleated. Chokha is usually made of broadcloth or shawl but some chokhas are made of thinner textiles for festive occasions. It was also common for chokhas to be worn without the bullet pockets or gazyrs. An arkhalig would also be worn under chokha. The style, decorations and patterns on chokha varies among ethnicities. There were also chukha types that included Persian elements such as the folding sleeves, completely unsewn from the armpit to the elbow, and sleeves that are cut in half from top which were worn for casual use. Those persianate style chukhas were predominantly worn among the inhabitants of Transcaucasia (/wiki/South_Caucasus) , especially among Azerbaijanis, Eastern Armenians, inhabitants of southern Dagestan, as well as among the Persians. In some artworks, Georgians are also depicted wearing it. The chukhas with the folding sleeves were the main uniform and clothing attire in the army of the Caucasian khanates. Later, it was in wide use in the Caucasian Convoy of the Imperial army and became a uniform of the chief officers of Muslim(Azerbaijani) and Lezgin Squadron. [29] (#cite_note-30) Along with the coat, a tall Qajar era fur hat was worn. General type [ edit ] This is the most widely used type of chokha in the Caucasus. From the colors, the length and the general design of the chokha, it was possible to know a person's age, profession, and even class. The general cherkeska were sewn not only from gray and black fabric, but also from red, blue, green, golden yellow, purple and brown. The lining of the sleeve of the general chokha is made of silk fabric, the sleeves often have loops and buttons made of string. Chokhas with very long skirts were popular among the nobility. It is cut at the waist with gathers and folds, girded with a black leather belt decorated with silver pieces, the belt buckle served as a chair for carving fire. The outfit was a clothing for combat, it was not supposed to hinder movement, so the sleeves were wide and short, sometimes with rows of buttons down the openings, and hand flaps. Only the old people wore the sleeves long to warm the hands. As mentioned previously, later on cases were added to place cartridges, the cases made it possible to load a flint or match gun at full gallop. Sometimes the cases were located almost under the armpits. An obligatory item of both men's and women's clothing was long tight pants - an element of clothing that was present among the steppe peoples, which was necessary for frequent horseback riding and in harsh climatic conditions. The general outfit almost always includes a dagger called khinjal (/wiki/Khanjali) , a beshmet (/wiki/Beshmet) [30] (#cite_note-31) worn under the chokha, gazyrs (/wiki/Gazyr) (bullet/charge holders), and a bashlyk (/wiki/Bashlyk) (a hood, separate from the robe) or a papakha (/wiki/Papakha) (a tall fur hat). Weighted type [ edit ] Unlike the general chokha, which was typically worn for battle, the main attribute of the weighted chokha is its small bullet-pockets or cartridge holders on both sides of the chest, which over time turned into having a purely decorative significance. Gazyrs for this chokha were made of wood, and in the upper, above-pocket part they had small hoods out of gold or silver with niello or gilt. Sometimes there were golden or silver chains going up front the gazyrs where they were connected with a rosette. It was customary for the weighted chokha to have a set of eight cartridge holders on each breast. Armenian warrior from Nagorno-Karabakh ( F. A. Brockhaus, 1837) Circassian (/wiki/Adyghe_people) from Anapa. (artist - Gagarin GG (/wiki/Grigory_Gagarin) ) Kabardian (/wiki/Kabardians) . (artist - Gagarin GG (/wiki/Grigory_Gagarin) ) A Tatar Bek ( Azerbaijani (/wiki/Azerbaijanis) ) [31] (#cite_note-32) from Karabakh (/wiki/Karabakh) . (artist - Gagarin GG (/wiki/Grigory_Gagarin) ) Georgians [ edit ] Georgian choir singers in chokha at Sistine Chapel (/wiki/Sistine_Chapel) , 2022. Khevsur (/wiki/Khevsur) chokhas for women. Georgian cavalry wearing a Kartli-Kakhetian (/wiki/Kartli-Kakheti) chokha, early 19th century. Among Georgians (/wiki/Georgians) , three types of chokhas are primarily used: the Kartl-Kakheti chokha (Kartli and Kakheti are eastern Georgian provinces), the Khevsur chokha (mainly in the Mtskheta-Mtianeti (/wiki/Mtskheta-Mtianeti) province of Georgia), and the Adjarian chokha (mainly found in western Georgian provinces such as Adjara (/wiki/Adjara) and Guria (/wiki/Guria) , previously also in Lazona (/wiki/Lazistan_Sanjak) ). In Georgia, the color black for chokha was reserved to the "Orden of Chokhosani" who represented the elite society of the citizens: great generals, war heroes, famous poets, and the people who had done some big service to the country. Special decorations were also used to denote their status. [32] (#cite_note-33) Kartli-Kakheti chokha [ edit ] The Kartli-Kakheti version shares similarities with the general Caucasian chokha. In most cases, different decorations fill the bullet spaces. The Kartli-Kakheti chokha is longer than the Khevsur chokha and has triangle-like shapes on the chest, exposing the inner cloth called beshmet. It tends to have gazyrs (/wiki/Gazyr) (locally called masri ) on both sides of the chest-spaces. The skirt usually has slits on the sides. People wear them without belts (/wiki/Belt_(clothing)) . The Kartli-Kakheti chokha has long sleeves and is usually black, dark red or blue. This is the most popular chokha used in Georgia, often seen in official meeting and musical performance. Khevsurian chokha [ edit ] The Khevsur chokha was worn in the Khevsureti (/wiki/Khevsureti) province of Georgia in the Greater Caucasus (/wiki/Greater_Caucasus) mountains. The Khevsur chokha is considered to be the closest to the medieval (/wiki/Medieval) version of the chokha as it shares similarities in design with the aforementioned caftan found in Moschevaya Balka (/wiki/Caftan_(Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art)) . It is mostly short, with trapezoid (/wiki/Trapezoid) shapes. The front side of the chokha has rich decorations and slits on the sides, which extend to the waist. The Khevsur chokha has rich decorations made up of crosses (/wiki/Cross) and icons (/wiki/Icon) . Adjarian chokha [ edit ] Adjarian (/wiki/Adjarians) chokha. The Adjarian chokha is worn in Adjara (/wiki/Adjara) , Guria (/wiki/Guria) regions of Georgia and was worn in historical Lazeti (/wiki/Lazistan) (modern day Turkey (/wiki/Turkey) ), though, the outfit is more similar to the clothing worn by Pontic Greeks (/wiki/Pontic_Greeks) . Adjaran national men's costume consists of a shirt (perangi) and trousers cut out in a specific way (dzigva) and sewn from wool fabric or sateen of black colour. Because trousers are folded, wide on top and narrowed down, they were comfortable and were easy to wear in action. The outer garment was zubuni that was tucked into the trousers. Zubunis were winter clothing, warmed with cotton lining and sleeveless vests. The most expensive and visible part is chokha which was tied around with special broad belt with laces or leather belt. Kabalakhi (or bashlyk (/wiki/Bashlyk) ) is a winter headwear made of thin wool. And, of course, outfit would not be complete without a dagger in sheath, a rifle and bandolier or gazyr. As footwear they used colorful wool knitted socks, pachula (soft leather shoes) and boots tied with belts. [33] (#cite_note-34) North Caucasians [ edit ] Evgenia Nikolaevna Studenetskaya, a well-known scholar and museum figure who worked for more than 50 years at the State Museum of Ethnography (now the Russian Museum of Ethnography (/wiki/Russian_Museum_of_Ethnography) ), was one of the best experts on the customs of the peoples of the Caucasus, as well as the costume of the peoples of the North Caucasus. In 1989, she published the book "Clothes of the peoples of the North Caucasus of the XVIII-XX centuries" ( Russian (/wiki/Russian_language) : "Одежда народов Северного Кавказа. XVIII—XX вв." ). [34] (#cite_note-35) [35] (#cite_note-36) [36] (#cite_note-37) Generally, the North Caucasian groups wore a very similar style of the general cherkeska. The only way one could tell to which group the coat belonged to is by inspecting the textile it was made of, the decorations, and the number bullet cases sown on the cherkeska. According to her book, in Circassian (/wiki/Circassians) and Abkhazian (/wiki/Abkhaz_people) societies the cherkeska was worn among the royals, the knights, and of upper class. Different colors of clothing for males were strictly used to distinguish between different social classes, for example white is usually worn by princes, red by nobles, gray, brown, and black by peasants (blue, green and the other colors were rarely worn). Until 1785, Circassia resembled the medieval states of Western Europe due to their feudal systems, however, the spread of Islam in those territories started to diminish the system. Because of the feudalist nature of their society Circassian knightly culture was developed. [37] (#cite_note-38) They made up the troops of the Circassian principalities, almost identical in structure, form, and in other parameters to the European concept of "knightly army". The cherkeska was in wide use among the Circassian cavalry and was worn together with weaponry and armor. It was also common among inhabitants of Northwestern Caucasus to wear cherkeskas with no open cut on the chest. The number of pockets or cases for gazyrs can vary from 4-5 up to 18 on each side of the chest. The numbers of gazyrs is special as its also an indicator of status and ranking among the Circassians especially among the noble warriors. Weapons that are frequently worn with the Circassian attire is a dagger called kama ( Adyghe (/wiki/Adyghe_language) : Къамэ or Сэ ) or kinzhal (when transliterating Russian (/wiki/Russian_language) : кинжал ) and a sword called shashka (/wiki/Shashka) ( Adyghe (/wiki/Adyghe_language) : Сашьхъуэ, Sas̨x́ue - a long knife ). It is a special kind of sabre (/wiki/Sabre) ; a very sharp, single-edged, single-handed, and guardless (/wiki/Hilt) sword. Although the sword is used by most of Russian and Ukrainian Cossacks, the typically Adyghean form of the sabre is longer than the Cossack type. The cherkeskas Ossetians (/wiki/Ossetians) wore had a slightly different characteristics. In art, Ossetians are depicted in a short cherkeska without a cutout on the chest, its sides are pulled together by three pairs of strings. Ossetians also have other caftans of similar design to the general cherkeska such karts , a winter sheepskin coat, and a lighter unlined linen caftan with frogging called the kurta , both are words of Iranian origin. [38] (#cite_note-K11-39) Ossetians and Circassians generally wore their coats in similar fashion. The coats were most of the time made of black or gray cloth, with split sleeves. Sometimes the sleeves have a slit on the inside from the armpit and below the elbow, coats with sleeves shortened to the elbow were also commonly used. Ossetians wore gazyrs cases made from leather which held cartridges from 7 to 10 compartments. Materials among the Nakh peoples (/wiki/Nakh_peoples) are poorer. There are various depictions by travellers of Ingush men in a cherkeska with a standing collar, the coat resembles the type worn among the Northwestern Caucasians. In the album published in Paris in 1813, Chechens are depicted in short, knee-length coats with narrow sleeves. Alexander Beggrov (/wiki/Alexander_Beggrov) depicts a Chechen in a short fur coat with a separate gas cap hanging on a belt. In D.A. Milyutin's works, a Chechen is depicted in a short, but wide-open coat with a narrow sleeves. Azerbaijanis [ edit ] See also: Azerbaijani traditional clothing (/wiki/Azerbaijani_traditional_clothing) Miniature painting of men wearing chukha with removable gazyrs (/wiki/Gazyr) , Palace of Shaki Khans (/wiki/Palace_of_Shaki_Khans) , 1797. Mirza Sadig (/wiki/Sadigjan) , a popular Azerbaijani musician, wearing a chukha and playing tar (/wiki/Tar_(Azerbaijani_instrument)) . Azerbaijanis (/wiki/Azerbaijanis) wore chukha with or without the gazyrs. The chukha with sewn bullet pockets was called "hazyrdashly" ( Azerbaijani (/wiki/Azerbaijani_language) : hazırdaşlı ), it was called "hazyrdashsyz" ( Azerbaijani (/wiki/Azerbaijani_language) : hazırdaşsız ) if it was without the sewn bullet pockets. The caftan and the bullet cases are decorated with various golden or silver laces and other fabrics, specific decorations and patterns are usually added on their costumes that makes it differ from the other styles. The color of the chukha mattered to Azerbaijanis as well. The colors that were used most often were blue, green, white, brown, and black. The colors white and blue were used for the inside of the coat and as a layer indicator. [39] (#cite_note-40) In Azerbaijani society, chukha was worn among the peasants as well as the upper class, while in other parts of the Caucasus it was worn to attribute to upper class and the aristocracy as a remnant of Khazar traditions, it had more of a symbol of boasting than practicality. Different materials and decorations were used on chukhas and arkhaligs to determine social class and age. [40] (#cite_note-41) Some chukas were not worn for battles and did not have gazyrs, Azerbaijanis wore those for performing their folk music such as mugham (/wiki/Mugham) . Azerbaijani men usually wore the chukha and the arkhalig in the same fashion Turkmens (/wiki/Turkmens) , Volga Tatars (/wiki/Volga_Tatars) and the Crimean Tatars (/wiki/Crimean_Tatars) wore their caftans. Aside from the general and weighted chukha, there are other types that were in wide use among Azerbaijanis such as the "duzyakha" ( Azerbaijani (/wiki/Azerbaijani_language) : düzyaxa ), "oymayakha" ( Azerbaijani (/wiki/Azerbaijani_language) : oymayaxa ), and "atmagol" ( Azerbaijani (/wiki/Azerbaijani_language) : atmagol ) chukhas. Young Tatar Bek (Azerbaijanis) wearing an atmaqol chukha. (artist - Gagarin GG (/wiki/Grigory_Gagarin) ) One of the most popular types of chukhas used among Azerbaijanis was the atmagol chukha, which is a style of chukha worn for battles. [41] (#cite_note-42) [42] (#cite_note-43) The arms of atmagol were long and the entirety of the sleeves were cut and completely detached. The long sleeves could be hung behind the shoulder. Aside from the aesthetic, the sleeves were used to deceive the enemy during battle and also to keep the hands warm. The atmagol chukha is considered to be a huge national pride of the Azerbaijani people and is an important part of the male traditional attire along with the arkhalig. Duzyakha and oymayakha differed from general chukha when it came to the shape of the arm. The lining of the arm with a swollen or rounded tip was made of silk. These sleeves often had loops and buttons made of string. Oymayakha was similar to duzyakha as neither required bullet pockets, however, the two types differed in the design of the collar: duzyakha translates to "plain collar" while oymayakha means "carved collar". Oymayakha was popular in Nakhchivan (/wiki/Nakhchivan_Autonomous_Republic) , the collar of the coat was heavily decorated, the design reflected the fashion of the Qajar (/wiki/Qajar) era. [43] (#cite_note-44) Other types of chukhas worn by Azerbaijanis that were recorded are: “kemerchin” ( Azerbaijani (/wiki/Azerbaijani_language) : kəmərçin ), “buzmely” ( Azerbaijani (/wiki/Azerbaijani_language) : büzməli ), “takhtaly” ( Azerbaijani (/wiki/Azerbaijani_language) : taxtalı ), “qolchaqly” ( Azerbaijani (/wiki/Azerbaijani_language) : qolçaqlı ), “doshuachig” ( Azerbaijani (/wiki/Azerbaijani_language) : döşüaçıq ), and “doqquztakhta” ( Azerbaijani (/wiki/Azerbaijani_language) : doqquztaxta ). [44] (#cite_note-45) Cossacks [ edit ] A cherkeska of a Cossack officer. (Muzey Russkoy Gvardii, St. Petersburg.) Cherkeska was constantly worn by Terek and Kuban Cossacks and the dress code was identical to the one worn by Caucasians. The main color worn in the army was in black, gray, dark blue, white, and brown; red was only worn for important ceremonies. Although the color of the daily cherkeska was up to the individual's choice, by the time of the Great War each Cossack had to wear a gray cherkeska and black beshmet as a uniform. Some cossacks variated their cherkeskas and beshmets with different kinds of halons and cartridges, sewed initials or namesakes and decorated it with various laces, but that was considered unprofessional. The length of the coat was regulated in the army but was not strongly enforced until later. Before the war of 1914–1918, its length decreased significantly and reached almost a knee. This was partly due to the convenience of movement and landing on a horse, and partly for the sake of aesthetics. But the concept of aesthetics is conditional and in the late 19th century the cherkeska was worn long, reaching many almost heels. On the cutout and at the bottom it is sheathed with a shoelace, black or in the color of the material from which it is sewn. It is fastened on internal hooks or loops tied from the lace with which it is sheathed. Cossacks called such fasteners "gudzyki". In winter, some Cossacks wore cherkeskas with fur called "Bekirks" or "kurks". [45] (#cite_note-knowledge_base/base-17/1144524376-sobstvennyjj-ego-imperatorskogo-velichestva.html#.XyvnESgzbDc-46) References [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chokha (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chokha) . ^ (#cite_ref-1) Азербайджанская национальная одежда [Azerbaijani national garments] (in Russian). Azclub.ru. Archived from the original (http://www.azclub.ru/index.php?stype=club&slevel=2&sid=2) on 2007-03-21 . Retrieved 16 April 2013 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "ЧЕРКЕ́СКА" (https://bigenc.ru/ethnology/text/4682393) . Большая российская энциклопедия . ^ (#cite_ref-4) McGuinness, Damien (10 July 2011). "Close-Up: Why Georgia's national costume is back in vogue" (https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-europe-14077350/close-up-why-georgia-s-national-costume-is-back-in-vogue) . BBC.com . Retrieved 15 April 2018 . ^ a b Jill Condra (2013). Encyclopedia of national dress : traditional clothing around the world . ABC-CLIO (/wiki/ABC-CLIO) . p. 40. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780313376375 . Silver belts and long sashes were worn by women from both western and eastern Armenia. Men also wore silver belts and sashes. In the eastern regions wide silver belts were worn over the common chukha, which is similar to the Caucasian cherkeska. ^ (#cite_ref-6) Студенецкая, Е. Н. (1989). Одежда народов Северного Кавказа XVIII-XX вв (in Russian). Наука. p. 288. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 978-5-02-009903-6 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Кирсанова Р. На нем чекмень, простой бешмет…// Родина (журнал). № 1-2. М., 2000. С. 36. ^ (#cite_ref-8) Mamedov, Mikail. " 'Going Native' in the Caucasus: Problems of Russian Identity, 1801–64 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/20620748) ". The Russian Review (/wiki/The_Russian_Review) , vol. 67, no. 2, 2008, pp. 275–295. Accessed 27 April 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Абаев, В. И. (1958). Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume I . Moscow, Leningrad: Academy Press. p. 316. ^ (#cite_ref-10) Ancient Turkic Dictionary , pages 143 and 154 (https://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/dts.pdf) See cek and cögä ^ (#cite_ref-11) Alizade, Samet (2004). Kitabi-Dədə Qorqud (PDF) . Öndər nəşriyyat. p. 323. ^ (#cite_ref-12) The book of Dede Korkut . Harmondsworth, Penguin. 1974. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780140442984 – via Internet Archive. ^ (#cite_ref-13) "CIRCASSIAN COSTUMES & ACCOUTREMENTS, BY AMJAD JAIMOUKHA" (https://www.circassianworld.com/new/general/1379-circassian-costumes-jaimoukha.html) . circassianworld.com . ^ (#cite_ref-14) AKBAEV, Harun (2015). "Karachay-Balkar Military Terminology and Weapons" (https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/288314) . Motif Akademi Halkbilimi Dergisi . 8 (16): 285. ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Kaftan ca. 7th–9th century A.D." (https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/327518) The Metropolitan Museum of Art . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Kajitani, Nobuko (2001). "A man's caftan and leggings from the North Caucasus of the eighth to tenth century : a conservator's report / Nobuko Kajitani" (https://library.metmuseum.org/record=b1510592~S1) . Metropolitan Museum Journal . 36 . doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2307/1513058 (https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1513058) . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 1513058 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/1513058) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 191380271 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:191380271) . ^ (#cite_ref-K8_17-0) Knauer (2001), p. 8 ^ (#cite_ref-18) "Georgia and the Silk Roads" (https://en.unesco.org/silkroad/countries-alongside-silk-road-routes/georgia) . UNESCO . ^ (#cite_ref-K12_19-0) Knauer (2001), p. 123-133 ^ (#cite_ref-20) "Early Turks: Male Costume in the Chinese Art Second half of the 6th – first half of the 8th cc. (Images of 'Others')" (http://www.transoxiana.org/14/yatsenko_turk_costume_chinese_art.html) . Transoxiana.org . ^ (#cite_ref-K10_21-0) Knauer (2001), p. 137 ^ (#cite_ref-Knauer_22-0) Knauer, Elfriede R. (2001). "A Man's Caftan and Leggings from the North Caucasus of the Eighth to Tenth Century: A Genealogical Study" (http://www.metmuseum.org/art/metpublications/Mans_Caftan_Leggings_from_Caucasus_8_to_10_C_Genealogy_The_Metropolitan_Museum_Journal_v_36_2001) . Metropolitan Museum Journal . 36 . The University of Chicago Press: 125–154. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2307/1513059 (https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1513059) . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 1513059 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/1513059) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 193031322 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:193031322) . ^ (#cite_ref-K9_23-0) Knauer (2001), p. 133 ^ (#cite_ref-24) "Why did Cossacks & Caucasusian people need THESE? (PHOTOS)" (https://www.rbth.com/lifestyle/332920-gazyr-cherkeska-cossack-caucasian-dress) . Russia Beyond . 29 October 2020. ^ (#cite_ref-vogue2017_25-0) Satenstein, Liana (May 5, 2017). "What Is Georgia's Traditional Chokha and Why Is It in Fashion?" (https://www.vogue.com/article/georgia-traditional-chokha-fashion-trend) . Vogue . ^ (#cite_ref-26) "Georgia: Love Your Country, Love Your Chokha" (http://www.eurasianet.org/node/62926) . EurasiaNet.org. 2011-02-20 . Retrieved 2013-04-16 . ^ (#cite_ref-27) "GeorgianDaily Forum" (http://georgiandaily.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1431&Itemid=86) . georgiandaily.com . ^ (#cite_ref-28) "კულტურული მემკვიდრეობის თვალსაზრისით ღირებული ობიექტებისთვის არამატერიალური კულტურული მემკვიდრეობის ძეგლის სტატუსის მინიჭების შესახებ" (https://matsne.gov.ge/document/view/4897243) . www.matsne.gov.ge . Legislative Herald of Georgia . Retrieved 5 August 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) "CLOTHING xxi. Turkic and Kurdish clothing of Azerbaijan" (https://iranicaonline.org/articles/clothing-xxi) . Encyclopædia Iranica . ^ (#cite_ref-30) "Рядовой Мусульманского эскадрона Собственного Его Императорского Величества Конвоя. Россия, 1844 г." (http://www.imha.ru/knowledge_base/base-17/1144524376-sobstvennyjj-ego-imperatorskogo-velichestva.html#.XyvnESgzbDc) WWW.IMHA.RU . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "БЕШМЕ́Т" (https://web.archive.org/web/20210617135632/https://bigenc.ru/ethnology/text/1865165) . Большая российская энциклопедия . Archived from the original (https://bigenc.ru/ethnology/text/1865165) on 2021-06-17 . Retrieved 2021-04-30 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) In the original, the drawing is called "Bek-Tatar from Karabakh" ( French (/wiki/French_language) : Beck Tatare du Karabakhe ). It is known that in the 19th century Russian travelers also called Azerbaijanis Tatars ^ (#cite_ref-33) "The Meanings Behind the Chokha, Georgia's Traditional National Dress" (https://theculturetrip.com/europe/georgia/articles/the-meanings-behind-the-chokha-georgias-traditional-national-dress/) . culture trip . 19 February 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-34) "Adjaran clothing" (https://www.advantour.com/georgia/adjara/culture/clothing.htm) . Advantour . ^ (#cite_ref-35) Студенецкая, Е. Н (1989). Одежда народов Северного Кавказа. XVIII—XX вв . Наука. ^ (#cite_ref-36) "Одежда народов Северного Кавказа. XVIII—XX вв" (http://apsnyteka.org/1354-Studenetskaja_E_Odezhda_narodov_severnogo_kavkaza_XVIII_XX_vv..html) . apsnyteka.org . ^ (#cite_ref-37) "Студенецкая Е. Н. Одежда народов Северного Кавказа XVIII—XX вв" (https://www.kitabhona.org.ua/costum_etno/kavkazodechda.html) . www.kitabhona.org.ua . ^ (#cite_ref-38) Gody, Bylye (2018). The Circassian Aristocracy in the late XVIII – the first half of XIX centuries: the Social Structure of Society . pp. 88–96. ^ (#cite_ref-K11_39-0) Knauer (2001), p. 134 ^ (#cite_ref-40) Zubarev, D. Y. (1836). "Gazakh distance" (https://irs-az.com/new/pdf/201306/1372413893183711768.pdf) (PDF) . Review of Russian Possessions Beyond the Caucasus . Part 2. ^ (#cite_ref-41) "Азербайджанский национальный костюм" (http://www.azeri.ru/az/cultur/azerbaydjanskiy_nacionalnyy_kostyum/) . azeri.ru . ^ (#cite_ref-42) "Dressing element of a courtier of Nadir Shah - chepken" (http://azhistorymuseum.gov.az/en/exhibit/9) . National Museum of History of Azerbaijan . ^ (#cite_ref-43) "Chepken XVIII century" (https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/chepken/BwE3OPz7v4mxpQ) . Google Arts & Culture . ^ (#cite_ref-44) "MİLLİ GEYİMLƏR" (https://web.archive.org/web/20171116021951/http://www.nakhchivan.az/portal-1/mill-geyim.htm) . Archived from the original (http://www.nakhchivan.az/portal-1/mill-geyim.htm) on 2017-11-16 . Retrieved 2022-01-06 . ^ (#cite_ref-45) Bayramov, Aslan (2017). GEYİM VƏ BƏZƏK ADLARININ BAYATILARDA ƏKS OLUNMASI (PDF) . Sumqayıt Dövlət Universiteti – “ELMİ XƏBƏRLƏR”– Sosial və humanitar elmlər bölməsi. ^ (#cite_ref-knowledge_base/base-17/1144524376-sobstvennyjj-ego-imperatorskogo-velichestva.html#.XyvnESgzbDc_46-0) Собственный эскорт ЕГО ИМПЕРАТОРСКОГО ВЕЛИЧЕСТВА Knauer, Elfriede R. (2001). "A Man's Caftan and Leggings from the North Caucasus of the Eighth to Tenth Century: A Genealogical Study" (http://www.metmuseum.org/art/metpublications/Mans_Caftan_Leggings_from_Caucasus_8_to_10_C_Genealogy_The_Metropolitan_Museum_Journal_v_36_2001) . Metropolitan Museum Journal . 36 . The University of Chicago Press: 125–154. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.2307/1513059 (https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1513059) . JSTOR (/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)) 1513059 (https://www.jstor.org/stable/1513059) . S2CID (/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)) 193031322 (https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:193031322) . "Kitabi-Dada Gorgud Encyclopedia", II volume. Baku, 2004. ^ (#cite_ref-2) Georgian (/wiki/Georgian_language) : ჩოხა chokha or ტალავარი t'alavari ; Abkhaz (/wiki/Abkhaz_language) : акәымжәы , romanized: akʷymzhʷy ; Adyghe (/wiki/Adyghe_language) : цые , romanized: tsiya ; Kabardian (/wiki/Kabardian_language) : цей , romanized: tsei ; Persian (/wiki/Persian_language) : چوقا (https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/) , romanized (/wiki/Romanization_of_Persian) : chughā ; Armenian (/wiki/Armenian_language) : չուխայ , romanized (/wiki/Romanization_of_Armenian) : choukha(y) ; Azerbaijani (/wiki/Azerbaijani_language) : çuxa ; [1] (#cite_note-1) Karachay-Balkar (/wiki/Karachay-Balkar_language) : чепкен , romanized: çepken ; Kumyk (/wiki/Kumyk_language) : чепген , romanized: çepgen ; Nogai (/wiki/Nogai_language) : шепкен , romanized: şepken ; Chechen (/wiki/Chechen_language) : чокхиб , romanized: ҫoqib ; Ingush (/wiki/Ingush_language) : чокхи , romanized: čoqi ; Lezgian (/wiki/Lezgian_language) : чуха , romanized: çuxa ; Ossetian (/wiki/Ossetian_language) : цухъхъа , romanized: cuqqa ; Russian (/wiki/Russian_language) : черкеска , romanized (/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian) : cherkeska ; Ukrainian (/wiki/Ukrainian_language) : черкеска , romanized (/wiki/Romanization_of_Ukrainian) : cherkeska External links [ edit ] საქართველოს კულტურული მემკვიდრეობის დაცვის ეროვნული სააგენტოს ოფიციალური ვებგვერდი (https://www.heritagesites.ge/ka) საქართველოს არამატერიალური კულტურული მემკვიდრეობის ძეგლების სია (https://www.heritagesites.ge/uploads/files/5b2b7986e64d6.pdf) ru:Черкеска (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐hrxtm Cached time: 20240720165536 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.622 seconds Real time usage: 0.778 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2583/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 85316/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 5152/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 20/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 150737/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.394/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 13623730/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 678.585 1 -total 38.25% 259.540 2 Template:Reflist 25.77% 174.884 1 Template:Efn 23.02% 156.235 21 Template:Cite_web 17.07% 115.808 3 Template:Lang 17.01% 115.428 1 Template:Lang-ka 16.76% 113.706 1 Template:Language_with_name 11.28% 76.551 1 Template:Short_description 6.34% 43.007 2 Template:Pagetype 6.12% 41.531 1 Template:Commons_category Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:6706057-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720165536 and revision id 1233545062. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chokha&oldid=1233545062 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chokha&oldid=1233545062) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Culture of the Caucasus (/wiki/Category:Culture_of_the_Caucasus) Clothing of Georgia (country) (/wiki/Category:Clothing_of_Georgia_(country)) Persian words and phrases (/wiki/Category:Persian_words_and_phrases) Khazars (/wiki/Category:Khazars) Alans (/wiki/Category:Alans) Circassian culture (/wiki/Category:Circassian_culture) Cossack culture (/wiki/Category:Cossack_culture) Military uniforms (/wiki/Category:Military_uniforms) Azerbaijani clothing (/wiki/Category:Azerbaijani_clothing) Hidden categories: CS1 uses Russian-language script (ru) (/wiki/Category:CS1_uses_Russian-language_script_(ru)) CS1 Russian-language sources (ru) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Russian-language_sources_(ru)) Articles containing French-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_French-language_text) CS1: long volume value (/wiki/Category:CS1:_long_volume_value) Articles containing Georgian-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Georgian-language_text) Articles containing Abkhaz-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Abkhaz-language_text) Articles containing Adyghe-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Adyghe-language_text) Articles containing Kabardian-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Kabardian-language_text) Articles containing Persian-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Persian-language_text) Articles containing Armenian-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Armenian-language_text) Articles containing Azerbaijani-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Azerbaijani-language_text) Articles containing Karachay-Balkar-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Karachay-Balkar-language_text) Articles containing Kumyk-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Kumyk-language_text) Articles containing Nogai-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Nogai-language_text) Articles containing Chechen-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Chechen-language_text) Articles containing Ingush-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Ingush-language_text) Articles containing Lezgian-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Lezgian-language_text) Articles containing Ossetian-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Ossetian-language_text) Articles containing Russian-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Russian-language_text) Articles containing Ukrainian-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Ukrainian-language_text) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description matches Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata) Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images (/wiki/Category:Pages_using_multiple_image_with_auto_scaled_images) Commons category link from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata)
Overview of fashion in Israel Israeli model Tami Ben-Ami (/wiki/Tami_Ben-Ami) modelling a Gottex (/wiki/Gottex) swimsuit Israeli fashion refers to fashion design and modeling in Israel. Israel has become an international center of fashion and design. [1] (#cite_note-T+L1-1) Tel Aviv (/wiki/Tel_Aviv) has been called the "next hot destination" for fashion. [2] (#cite_note-JewishWeek-2) Israeli designers show their collections at leading fashion shows, including New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) . [3] (#cite_note-TimeOut-3) History [ edit ] Israeli models in the 1950s The ATA textile factory (/wiki/ATA_(Israeli_company)) was founded in Kfar Ata (/wiki/Kfar_Ata) in 1934 by Erich Moller, a Jewish industrialist from Czechoslovakia. [4] (#cite_note-When_the_guns_fell_silent-4) ATA specialized in work clothes and uniforms, reflecting the Zionist and socialist ideology of the time. [5] (#cite_note-5) Factory production spanned every aspect of garment-making, from thread manufacture to sewing and packaging. [6] (#cite_note-6) The name of the factory was invented by Hebrew novelist (/wiki/Hebrew_literature) , S.Y. Agnon (/wiki/S.Y._Agnon) . ATA is an acronym for the Hebrew words "Arigei Totzeret Artzeinu" – "fabrics manufactured in our land". [7] (#cite_note-7) In the 1960s, Israeli fashion designer Lola Beer Ebner (/wiki/Lola_Beer_Ebner) designed a line of fashionable dresses in bright colors for ATA at the request of Moller's widow. [8] (#cite_note-8) [4] (#cite_note-When_the_guns_fell_silent-4) In the 1980s, ATA closed down and a residential neighborhood was built on the site of its factory. [9] (#cite_note-9) In the kibbutz (/wiki/Kibbutz) egalitarian culture, the special dress served as an intentional anti-fashion. [10] (#cite_note-10) While the tembel hat (/wiki/Tembel_hat) , symbolised the agricultural hard-work. In the early years of the state, Ruth Dayan (/wiki/Ruth_Dayan) , wife of Moshe Dayan (/wiki/Moshe_Dayan) , founded Maskit (/wiki/Maskit) , a fashion and decorative arts house that helped to create jobs for new immigrants (/wiki/Aliyah) while preserving the Jewish ethnic crafts of various communities living in Israel. [11] (#cite_note-Leitersdorf-11) In 1955, Dayan met fashion designer Finy Leitersdorf, who designed clothes and accessories for Maskit for 15 years. The two collaborated on a joint exhibit of Maskit designs at the Dizengoff Museum (today the Tel Aviv Museum (/wiki/Tel_Aviv_Museum) ). [11] (#cite_note-Leitersdorf-11) Maskit produced textiles, clothing, objets d’art and jewelry. [12] (#cite_note-12) In 1956, Lea Gottlieb (/wiki/Lea_Gottlieb) founded Gottex (/wiki/Gottex) , a high-fashion beachwear and swimwear company that became a leading exporter of designer bathing suits. [13] (#cite_note-13) An Israeli model in a leather jacket, 1969. Israeli fashion has been worn by some of the world's most famous women, among them Jackie Kennedy, Princess Diana, Katharine Hepburn, Elizabeth Taylor and Sarah Jessica Parker. [14] (#cite_note-14) Beyonce and Lady Gaga have worn gowns with a metallic bodice design by Alon Livne (/wiki/Alon_Livne) , and Beyonce commissioned Livne to create her wardrobe for her Mrs. Carter Show World Tour in 2013. Livne has also designed outfits for the Hunger Games (/wiki/Hunger_Games) film series. [15] (#cite_note-15) Maskit which closed in 1994, reopened in 2013 with the support of billionaire industrialist Stef Wertheimer (/wiki/Stef_Wertheimer) and took part in Moscow's Mercedes Benz Fashion Week (/wiki/Mercedes_Benz_Fashion_Week) that year. [16] (#cite_note-16) Israeli fashion week [ edit ] In 2011, Tel Aviv hosted its first Fashion Week since the 1980s with Italian designer Roberto Cavalli (/wiki/Roberto_Cavalli) as a guest of honor. [17] (#cite_note-17) In 2015, at the third Tel Aviv Fashion Week, 21 Israeli designers presented their creations to an audience of 24,000 that included 100 members of the international press, dozens of retailers and local celebrities. Israeli model Bar Refaeli (/wiki/Bar_Refaeli) modeled at the opening gala. [18] (#cite_note-18) In the United States [ edit ] In 2009 Ruti Zisser (/wiki/Ruti_Zisser) , an Israeli American lifestyle designer, founded Ruti Inc., a fashion company dedicated to manufacturing and distributing her designs, and to showcase Israeli fashion designers internationally. The company grew rapidly with flagship stores at some of the main fashion streets in the country. Elie Tahari (/wiki/Elie_Tahari) , a designer of luxury ready-to-wear clothing and fashion accessories. His company headquartered in New York City with stores located throughout the world. See also [ edit ] Fashion Forward (/wiki/Fashion_Forward) Culture of Israel (/wiki/Culture_of_Israel) Shenkar College of Engineering and Design (/wiki/Shenkar_College_of_Engineering_and_Design) Project Runway Israel (/wiki/Project_Runway_Israel) Biblical clothing (/wiki/Biblical_clothing) Jewish religious clothing (/wiki/Jewish_religious_clothing) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-T+L1_1-0) What’s New in Tel Aviv (http://www.travelandleisure.com/articles/newsflash-whats-new-in-tel-aviv) , by David Kaufman, March 2008. ^ (#cite_ref-JewishWeek_2-0) Promoting Israel in a Downturn (http://www.thejewishweek.com/viewArticle/c277_a14292/Special_Sections/Israel_Travel.html) [ permanent dead link ] , David Saranga, December 17, 2008 ^ (#cite_ref-TimeOut_3-0) Fashion Week: Gottex (http://www3.timeoutny.com/newyork/tonyblog/2008/09/fashion-week-gottex/) [ permanent dead link ] , September 9, 2008. ^ a b Tsur, Doron. (October 12, 2010) "When the guns fell silent" (http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/business/when-the-guns-fell-silent-1.321522) , Haaretz . Retrieved on September 8, 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-5) [ "ATA: Factory, Fashion Dream]" (http://www.eretzmuseum.org.il/e/126/) . ^ (#cite_ref-6) [ "Fashion and Politics – ATA Exhibition at the Eretz Israel Museum" (http://www.midnighteast.com/mag/?p=15088) . ^ (#cite_ref-7) Atwan, Shahar (October 12, 2011). "The History of Israel, Best Told in Khaki and Sandals" (http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/week-s-end/the-history-of-israel-best-told-in-khaki-and-sandals-1.389547) . Retrieved April 4, 2018 – via Haaretz. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Prêt-à-pioneer" (http://www.jpost.com/Jerusalem-Report/Arts-And-Culture/Prt-pioneer) . jpost.com . Retrieved April 4, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Baharir, Ruth Perl (April 14, 2016). "Iconic Israeli Fashion Brand Reinvents Itself" (http://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/culture/.premium-1.714276) . Retrieved April 4, 2018 – via Haaretz. ^ (#cite_ref-10) Kibbutz Dress in the 1950s: Utopian Equality, Anti Fashion, and Change, Anat Helman, Pages 313–339 21 April 2015 ^ a b Shachar Atwan (August 19, 2011). "A Leitersdorf showcase" (http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/week-s-end/a-leitersdorf-showcase-1.379537) . Haaretz . Retrieved April 3, 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Atwan, Shachar (November 22, 2013). "Breathing New Life Into Legendary Israeli Fashion Brand Maskit" (http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/week-s-end/.premium-1.559589) . Retrieved April 4, 2018 – via Haaretz. ^ (#cite_ref-13) Andrea Heiman (April 23, 1993). "Good Gottex! Women Seeking Bold, Slimming Swimwear Make Israeli Company No. 1 in America" (https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/60252360.html?dids=60252360:60252360&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Apr+23%2C+1993&author=ANDREA+HEIMAN&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&desc=Good+Gottex!+Women+Seeking+Bold%2C+Slimming+Swimwear+Make+Israeli+Company+No.+1+in+America&pqatl=google) . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved July 29, 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) [ "From rags to riches: Israeli fashion rediscovered]" (http://pinsndls.com/2010/09/23/from-rags-to-riches-israeli-fashion-rediscovered/) . ON PINS AND NEEDLES . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "Meet The Hottest Israeli Fashion Designers Who Dress The Stars" (http://nocamels.com/2015/06/israeli-fashion-designers-dress-celebrities/) . nocamels.com . June 17, 2015 . Retrieved April 4, 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Friedman, Vanessa (July 15, 2014). "Fashion During Wartime" (https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/17/fashion/despite-tel-aviv-bombings-the-fashion-show-goes-on.html) . Retrieved April 4, 2018 – via NYTimes.com. ^ (#cite_ref-17) Merle Ginsberg (November 21, 2011). "Roberto Cavalli Shows Spring 2012 Collection at First Ever Tel Aviv Fashion Week" (http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/fash-track/roberto-cavalli-spring-2012-tel-aviv-fashion-week-264432) . The Hollywood Reporter . Retrieved November 21, 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Chabbott, Sophia. "For Israeli Designers, Tel Aviv Fashion Week Highlights More Than Style" (http://www.glamour.com/story/tel-aviv-fashion-week) . glamour.com . Retrieved April 4, 2018 . Further reading [ edit ] Ayala Raz, Changing of Styles , Yedioth books (/wiki/Yedioth_Ahronoth) , 1996 (in Hebrew). nurit bat-yaar, Israel Fashion Art , Resling, 2008 (in Hebrew). External links [ edit ] Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fashion of Israel (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fashion_of_Israel) . Raz, Ayala. Fashion in Eretz-Israel (https://mfa.gov.il/mfa/mfa-archive/1999/pages/ayala%20raz%20-%20fashion%20in%20eretz-israel.aspx) . The Israel Review of Arts and Letters – 1998/107-8. in: Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Israel) (/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Israel)) site The most influential people in Israeli fashion (http://www.haaretz.com/culture/israeli-culture-s-100-most-influential-people/.premium-1.539449) , Haaretz (/wiki/Haaretz) Meet your alter-ego and bedeck it in jewels (http://www.haaretz.com/culture/arts-leisure/meet-your-alter-ego-and-bedeck-it-in-jewels.premium-1.434848) , Haaretz (/wiki/Haaretz) ATA exhibit, Eretz Israel Museum (http://www.eretzmuseum.org.il/e/126/) v t e Fashion (/wiki/Fashion) articles Index of fashion articles (/wiki/Index_of_fashion_articles) General Environmental impact of fashion (/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_fashion) Fashion accessory (/wiki/Fashion_accessory) Fashion design (/wiki/Fashion_design) Fashion design copyright (/wiki/Fashion_design_copyright) Fashion matrix (/wiki/Fashion_matrix) Fashion museum (/wiki/Fashion_museum) Fashion plate (/wiki/Fashion_plate) Fashion 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Peerless Woolen Mills was a subsidiary of Burlington Industries (/wiki/Burlington_Industries) which maintained plants in Cleveland, Tennessee (/wiki/Cleveland,_Tennessee) , [1] (#cite_note-peerless-1) Rossville, Georgia (/wiki/Rossville,_Georgia) , and Tifton, Georgia (/wiki/Tifton,_Georgia) between 1951 - 1961. Burlington Industries closed the two Georgia production sites in 1961. [2] (#cite_note-burlington-2) History of business [ edit ] The textile maker made a large addition to an existing mill in Chattanooga, Tennessee (/wiki/Chattanooga,_Tennessee) in 1925. At this time the Tennessee city was the second largest producer of hosiery in the United States (/wiki/United_States) . [3] (#cite_note-3) Peerless Woolen Mills built a new manufacturing plant in Cleveland, Tennessee in 1955. Formerly it operated in buildings leased from Hardwick Woolen Mills, starting in 1951. A 250,000-square-foot (23,000 m 2 ) plant, the new facility was engaged in preparing weaving and finishing operations. It opened in February 1956. [1] (#cite_note-peerless-1) The Rossville operation was liquidated and the Tifton plant was sold to the J.P. Stevens Textile Corporation. [2] (#cite_note-burlington-2) In November 1961 a Federal judge (/wiki/Federal_judge) ruled that Burlington Industries could close the Peerless Plant in Rossville without engaging in collective bargaining (/wiki/Collective_bargaining) with a union there. He denied a National Labor Relations Board (/wiki/National_Labor_Relations_Board) injunction. The NLRB had asked for the injunction when members of the Allied Industrial Workers contended the mill was being shut down to avoid collective bargaining. [4] (#cite_note-4) In November 1961, the NLRB studied whether to appeal the judge's ruling because the company's union won the right to represent workers in August 1961, a month before the plant was closed down. [5] (#cite_note-5) References [ edit ] ^ a b Peerless Woolen Mills , Wall Street Journal (/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal) , September 26, 1955, pg. 19. ^ a b Burlington Industries Will Keep Cleveland Tenn., Plant , Wall Street Journal, September 29, 1961, pg. 11. ^ (#cite_ref-3) Chattanooga , New York Times (/wiki/New_York_Times) , October 4, 1925, pg. 28. ^ (#cite_ref-4) Judge Approves Closing Burlington's Wool Unit Without Bargaining , Wall Street Journal, November 20, 1961, pg. 3. ^ (#cite_ref-5) Leg-Up For Labor? , Wall Street Journal, November 28, 1961, pg. 1. This article related to a manufacturing (/wiki/Manufacturing) company is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peerless_Woolen_Mills&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐dc899b7cc‐jp9wg Cached time: 20240719170639 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.150 seconds Real time usage: 0.377 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 297/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 4202/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 300/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 7104/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.088/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2270916/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 292.156 1 -total 47.46% 138.651 1 Template:Manufacturing-company-stub 46.74% 136.557 1 Template:Asbox 34.16% 99.802 1 Template:Convert 11.26% 32.893 1 Template:Use_mdy_dates 5.28% 15.435 1 Template:Reflist 3.96% 11.573 1 Template:DMCA 3.01% 8.793 1 Template:Dated_maintenance_category 2.13% 6.221 1 Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME 1.60% 4.672 1 Template:Ns_has_subpages Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:21383341-0!canonical and timestamp 20240719170639 and revision id 1194270106. Rendering was triggered because: api-parse esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peerless_Woolen_Mills&oldid=1194270106 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peerless_Woolen_Mills&oldid=1194270106) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Defunct manufacturing companies based in Tennessee (/wiki/Category:Defunct_manufacturing_companies_based_in_Tennessee) Defunct manufacturing companies based in Georgia (U.S. state) (/wiki/Category:Defunct_manufacturing_companies_based_in_Georgia_(U.S._state)) Defunct manufacturing companies based in North Carolina (/wiki/Category:Defunct_manufacturing_companies_based_in_North_Carolina) 1961 in United States case law (/wiki/Category:1961_in_United_States_case_law) Defunct textile companies of the United States (/wiki/Category:Defunct_textile_companies_of_the_United_States) Manufacturing company stubs (/wiki/Category:Manufacturing_company_stubs) Hidden categories: Use mdy dates from September 2023 (/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_September_2023) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
Fashion designer Jeremy Hackett Born ( 1953-05-19 ) 19 May 1953 (age 71) Bristol (/wiki/Bristol) , England Occupation(s) Fashion designer, entrepreneur Known for Co-founder of Hackett (/wiki/Hackett_London) Jeremy Hackett (born 19 May 1953 [1] (#cite_note-1) ) is a British fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) and business entrepreneur who co-founded the British (/wiki/United_Kingdom) menswear company Hackett (/wiki/Hackett_London) alongside Ashley Lloyd-Jennings. Early life and career [ edit ] Hackett was brought up and educated at Clifton College (/wiki/Clifton_College) , Clifton (/wiki/Clifton,_Bristol) , Bristol (/wiki/Bristol) . [2] (#cite_note-ES_Acharya-2) Having left school at 17 he started full-time work in a local men’s fashion shop, moving to London at the age of 19. [2] (#cite_note-ES_Acharya-2) He worked in the King's Road (/wiki/King%27s_Road) before accepting a position as a salesman at a tailor's shop on Savile Row (/wiki/Savile_Row) owned by menswear pioneer and supplier of clothing to rock stars and celebrities John Michael Ingram (/wiki/John_Michael_Ingram) . [3] (#cite_note-Guardian-3) As a sideline, Hackett bought and sold second hand clothes purchased from the London street markets and, through this, met up with Ashley Lloyd-Jennings, who shared similar tastes in fashion. They opened Hackett's first store on the King's Road in 1983. [2] (#cite_note-ES_Acharya-2) [4] (#cite_note-4) Hackett claims that he was at least partly responsible for starting the much-mocked red trousers trend in London, telling Esquire “We used to sell red trousers and lots of the Sloane types used to come in and buy them, and it just spread from there,” but insisted “I’d never wear them though.” [5] (#cite_note-5) Style guidance [ edit ] The Hackett brand grew quickly and Jeremy Hackett has also become well known as an authority on men's fashion particularly in classic style. In 2007, his book Mr Classic – an anecdotal critique of men’s style – was released. [6] (#cite_note-6) Hackett continues to offer style advice through the 'Ask Jeremy' portal on the Hackett website. [7] (#cite_note-Jeremy_Advises-7) He also contributes articles to publications such as Men's Health (/wiki/Men%27s_Health_(magazine)) and Forbes (/wiki/Forbes) . [8] (#cite_note-MH_Hackett-8) [9] (#cite_note-Forbes_Lacey-9) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) HASEGAWA Yoshimi (13 March 2018). マーク・チョーとジェレミー・ハケットに訊く──英国的紳士の着こなし . GQ Japan Edition (in Japanese) . Retrieved 18 September 2020 . ^ a b c Acharya, Dipal (18 October 2013). "Jeremy Hackett's urbane retreat in Stockwell" (https://www.standard.co.uk/lifestyle/esmagazine/jeremy-hacketts-urbane-retreat-in-stockwell-8884565.html) . Evening Standard . Retrieved 13 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Guardian_3-0) Horwell, Veronica (3 July 2014). "John Michael Ingram obituary" (https://www.theguardian.com/fashion/2014/jul/03/john-michael-ingram) . The Guardian . Retrieved 7 July 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Menkes, Suzy (/wiki/Suzy_Menkes) (11 January 2010). "Hackett: A 'Heritage' That's Oh-So-British" (https://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/12/fashion/12iht-fhackett.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved 15 October 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Keeping the British end up" (https://mattpomroy.com/2017/07/28/keeping-the-british-end-up/) . Matt Pomroy . 10 April 2017 . Retrieved 18 May 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Lemos, Jain. "Book Review: Mr Classic by Jeremy Hackett and Garda Tang" (https://web.archive.org/web/20100219192530/http://www.abouttheimage.com/3666/photography_book_review_mr_classic_by_jeremy_hackett_and_garda_tang) . About the Image. Archived from the original (http://www.abouttheimage.com/3666/photography_book_review_mr_classic_by_jeremy_hackett_and_garda_tang) on 19 February 2010 . Retrieved 19 January 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Jeremy_Advises_7-0) "Jeremy Advises, Style Advisor, Style Advice | Hackett" (https://web.archive.org/web/20110716081542/http://www.hackett.com/index.cfm?page=1012) . Archived from the original (http://www.hackett.com/index.cfm?page=1012) on 16 July 2011 . Retrieved 16 March 2010 . ^ (#cite_ref-MH_Hackett_8-0) Hackett, Jeremy. "Jeremy Hackett's 10 style tips" (http://www.menshealth.co.uk/style/tips/jeremy-hackett-10-style-tips) . Men's Health . Retrieved 13 September 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-Forbes_Lacey_9-0) Lacey, Hester (17 January 2014). "Success story: nine hints from top British clothing retailer Jeremy Hackett" (https://www.forbes.com/sites/hesterlacey/2014/01/17/success-story-nine-hints-from-top-british-clothing-retailer-jeremy-hackett/) . Forbes . Retrieved 13 September 2014 . External links [ edit ] Hackett (http://www.Hackett.com/) The 'Mr Classic' Blog (http://www.jeremyhackett.com/) Jeremy Hackett discusses his style rules (http://www.fashionwelike.com/my-style-jeremy-hackett/) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) : Artists RKD Artists (https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/437707) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐ff98d5cb5‐b2k6g Cached time: 20240722164543 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.325 seconds Real time usage: 0.427 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2037/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 22358/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1283/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 3/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 40521/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.225/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6363873/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 407.267 1 -total 30.63% 124.765 1 Template:Infobox_person 29.04% 118.257 1 Template:Reflist 20.73% 84.414 4 Template:Cite_web 19.31% 78.626 1 Template:Authority_control 16.57% 67.477 1 Template:Short_description 9.97% 40.598 4 Template:Br_separated_entries 9.93% 40.436 2 Template:Pagetype 7.87% 32.036 1 Template:Birth_date_and_age 7.54% 30.710 18 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:22607787-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722164543 and revision id 1233440865. 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(1847–1940) paper-pattern manufacturer Johanna Wilhelmine Weigel Born 11 February 1847 Posen (/wiki/Pozna%C5%84) , Prussia (/wiki/Prussia) Died 10 January 1940 Johanna Wilhelmine Weigel , née Astmann (11 February 1847 – 10 January 1940), known professionally as Madame Weigel , was a designer and publisher of dressmaking patterns in Australia. Biography [ edit ] 1878 advertisement for Madame Weigel's paper patterns A knitting pattern magazine from the 1930s Weigel was born on 11 February 1847 in Posen, Prussia (/wiki/Prussia) (present-day Poznań (/wiki/Pozna%C5%84) , Poland). She was the second of five children born to August Astmann and his wife Emilie, née Sachs. [1] (#cite_note-adb-1) She left for New York as a young girl, and became a designer for McCall's (/wiki/McCall%27s) Patterns, where she met and married engineer Oscar Weigel (c. 1844 [2] (#cite_note-subject-2) – 7 February 1915), born in Brunswick (/wiki/Braunschweig) , Germany. They left for Australia aboard Mysore , arriving in Melbourne on 4 March 1877. [1] (#cite_note-adb-1) According to Weigel, she and her husband were in Australia on an extended honeymoon when she started cutting paper patterns for Melbourne friends who admired her dress sense. [3] (#cite_note-3) Within a year, with the help of a few staff in a small house in Fitzroy (/wiki/Fitzroy,_Victoria) , [4] (#cite_note-personal-4) she was producing patterns and marketing them mail-order (/wiki/Mail-order) as "American Paper Cut Patterns" from premises in Eastern Arcade, Melbourne (/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Arcade,_Melbourne&action=edit&redlink=1) , and soliciting for "agents everywhere". In 1880 she began publishing a monthly "Weigel's Journal of Fashions", edited by her accountant, Mrs Thompson, [5] (#cite_note-mme-5) touted as the first to be all-Australian in content, production and printing, [1] (#cite_note-adb-1) combining general information, stories and information about merchandise, [6] (#cite_note-6) with illustrated descriptions of the latest English and American fashions, adapted for Colonial conditions. Later that year the magazine was also being published in Sydney, and she had a retail establishment at 313 Pitt Street (/wiki/Pitt_Street) . [7] (#cite_note-7) Around 1885 she built offices and a factory at 229 Lennox Street (the Rowena Street corner), Richmond (/wiki/Richmond,_Victoria) where they printed the tissue-paper patterns on their own machines. [8] (#cite_note-8) Her husband Oscar's magazine production team adopted photoengraving (/wiki/Photoengraving) for Phil Ashley's artwork and installed a monotype (/wiki/Monotype) press. A free pattern was included with each issue. [5] (#cite_note-mme-5) In 1893 Oscar was naturalized (/wiki/Naturalized) , hence also was Johanna. [1] (#cite_note-adb-1) Weigel retired from active involvement in the business sometime around 1910, [4] (#cite_note-personal-4) and spent much of her time in world travel. Oscar died in 1915 in Los Angeles, where the couple had gone either on business [1] (#cite_note-adb-1) or on a sentimental journey. [5] (#cite_note-mme-5) [4] (#cite_note-personal-4) By this time, the business was selling over a million patterns a year. [9] (#cite_note-9) After Ocar's death, Johanna returned to Melbourne, and lived for some time in St Kilda (/wiki/St_Kilda,_Victoria) . [4] (#cite_note-personal-4) In 1926 Madame Weigel Pty. Ltd., was founded 1926 with partners Weigel, Charles Reynolds (a machinist who had been with Weigel from the early days), [5] (#cite_note-mme-5) and George Humphries, with a capital of £10,000. She died in 1940 at her suite in the Oriental Hotel, Collins Street (/wiki/Collins_Street,_Melbourne) , the Melbourne address of Johanna and her companion Sarah Neilson for the last twelve years of her life. [1] (#cite_note-adb-1) Her estate, valued at £71,844 was divided between five Melbourne hospitals, after her employees had been looked after, [1] (#cite_note-adb-1) and with £20,000 set aside to fund the Oscar Weigel Exhibitions (i.e. scholarship) for engineering students at the University of Melbourne (/wiki/University_of_Melbourne) . [10] (#cite_note-10) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d e f g Deirdre Morris (2005). "Johanna Wilhelmine Weigel (1847–1940)". Australian Dictionary of Biography: Weigel, Johanna Wilhelmine (1847–1940) . National Centre of Biography, Australian National University . Retrieved 18 October 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-subject_2-0) Application for naturalisation: Oscar August Louis Robert Carl Weigel; National Archives online, accessed 6 March 2019. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Obituary" (http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article11267506) . The Argus (Melbourne) (/wiki/The_Argus_(Melbourne)) . No. 29, 138. Victoria, Australia. 11 January 1940. p. 11 . Retrieved 6 March 2019 – via National Library of Australia. ^ a b c d "Personal" (http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article146577305) . Table Talk (/wiki/Table_Talk_(magazine)) . No. 621 (new series). Victoria, Australia. 15 April 1915. p. 6 . Retrieved 6 March 2019 – via National Library of Australia. The owner and editor of Table Talk , Maurice Brodsky (/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Brodsky&action=edit&redlink=1) , a close contemporary of Mme Weigel, was also born in Poland. ^ a b c d "Mme. Weigel's Paper Patterns Reach Million Mark in Year" (http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article93807282) . Richmond Guardian . No. 2110. Victoria, Australia. 27 January 1917. p. 2 . Retrieved 6 March 2019 – via National Library of Australia. ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Epitome of General News" (http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article214682333) . The Christian Colonist (/w/index.php?title=The_Christian_Colonist&action=edit&redlink=1) . Vol. II, no. 104. South Australia. 24 September 1880. p. 4 . Retrieved 6 March 2019 – via National Library of Australia. ^ (#cite_ref-7) "The Ladies' Column" (http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article64973788) . Illustrated Sydney News And New South Wales Agriculturalist And Grazier (/w/index.php?title=Illustrated_Sydney_News_And_New_South_Wales_Agriculturalist_And_Grazier&action=edit&redlink=1) . Vol. XVII, no. 10. New South Wales, Australia. 2 October 1880. p. 11 . Retrieved 6 March 2019 – via National Library of Australia. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Madame Weigel" (http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article175372896) . Melbourne Punch (/wiki/Melbourne_Punch) . Vol. CIV, no. 2636. Victoria, Australia. 1 February 1906. p. 17 . Retrieved 6 March 2019 – via National Library of Australia. ^ (#cite_ref-9) Courtney, Pip (28 August 2021). "Why is so little known about the pioneering businesswoman who 'clothed the colonies'?" (https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-08-29/madame-patterns/100409576) . ABC Landline . Retrieved 31 August 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Awards in Engineering" (http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article187649444) . The Age (/wiki/The_Age) . No. 29619. Victoria, Australia. 1 April 1950. p. 2 . Retrieved 6 March 2019 – via National Library of Australia. Further reading [ edit ] Joy, Shirley M. (2004). Oscar and Johanna Weigel: Proprietors of "Weigel's Journal of Fashions" and Creators of Madame Weigel's Paper Dress Patterns . OCLC (/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)) 224253664 (https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/224253664) . Lampkin, Veronica R. (2015). Madame Weigel: The Woman Who Clothed the Australasian Colonies . Veronica R. Lampkin. ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 9780994238306 . External links [ edit ] ABC Landline report on Weigel (https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-08-29/madame-patterns/100409576) Authority control databases (/wiki/Help:Authority_control) : People Australia (http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/weigel-johanna-wilhelmine-13242) Trove (https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1469106) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.canary‐6655c9f69f‐k7pqd Cached time: 20240716073342 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.467 seconds Real time usage: 0.600 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2199/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 24332/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1357/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 46919/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.307/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5675743/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 558.835 1 -total 30.01% 167.724 1 Template:Reflist 22.42% 125.295 1 Template:Infobox_person 21.26% 118.805 1 Template:Authority_control 20.53% 114.705 3 Template:Cite_book 18.78% 104.964 1 Template:Short_description 11.00% 61.455 17 Template:Main_other 8.65% 48.348 2 Template:Pagetype 7.23% 40.409 1 Template:SDcat 5.19% 28.994 7 Template:Cite_news Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:58793499-0!canonical and timestamp 20240716073342 and revision id 1223470277. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Johanna_Weigel&oldid=1223470277 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Johanna_Weigel&oldid=1223470277) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1847 births (/wiki/Category:1847_births) 1940 deaths (/wiki/Category:1940_deaths) Australian women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Australian_women_fashion_designers) Australian fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Australian_fashion_designers) Australian women in business (/wiki/Category:Australian_women_in_business) People from Poznań (/wiki/Category:People_from_Pozna%C5%84) Emigrants from the Kingdom of Prussia (/wiki/Category:Emigrants_from_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia) Immigrants to the United States (/wiki/Category:Immigrants_to_the_United_States) Immigrants to colonial Australia (/wiki/Category:Immigrants_to_colonial_Australia) German women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:German_women_fashion_designers) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Use dmy dates from June 2020 (/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_June_2020) Use Australian English from June 2020 (/wiki/Category:Use_Australian_English_from_June_2020) All Wikipedia articles written in Australian English (/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_Australian_English) Articles with ADB identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_ADB_identifiers) Articles with Trove identifiers (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Trove_identifiers)
Ukrainian retail trade company ATB-Market Company type Limited liability company Industry Retail (Grocery) (/wiki/Supermarket) Founded 1993 Headquarters Dnipro (/wiki/Dnipro) , Ukraine (/wiki/Ukraine) Key people Borys Markov ( managing director (/wiki/Managing_director) ) Hennadiy Butkevych (co-owner) [1] (#cite_note-1) Products Foodstuffs and essential nonfood commodities Revenue 150 billion ₴ (2021) Number of employees over 64 000 Website www (http://www.atbmarket.com) .atbmarket (http://www.atbmarket.com) .com (http://www.atbmarket.com) Updated store design ATB-Market LLC ( Ukrainian (/wiki/Ukrainian_language) : АТБ-Маркет ) is one of the leading retail trade companies in Ukraine (/wiki/Ukraine) . The company owns the largest national network [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) of retail (/wiki/Retail) shops. The managing director is Borys Markov. [4] (#cite_note-4) The company's shops operate in the "soft discounter" (/wiki/Discount_store) [ clarification needed ] mode. The range of offered goods comprises ca. 3,500 articles. ATB discounters trade foodstuffs and essential nonfood commodities. History [ edit ] ATB-Market was founded in 1993 in Dnipro (/wiki/Dnipro) as a group of six groceries. In 1998, the company received its current name ATB – a short name of AgroTechBusiness. [5] (#cite_note-5) After Russian invasion of Ukraine (/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine) in 2022, the company lost 65 stores in the Kherson (/wiki/Kherson_Oblast) and Zaporizhzhia (/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_Oblast) oblasts. [6] (#cite_note-6) Stores [ edit ] This section does not cite (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) any sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this section (/wiki/Special:EditPage/ATB-Market) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence) . ( July 2022 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) The exterior of the ATB store in Kryvyi Rih (/wiki/Kryvyi_Rih) . Inside a typical ATB store At the moment [ when? ] there are 1224 discounters operate in 117 cities and towns in 15 regions of Ukraine (/wiki/Ukraine) . The company was set up in 1993 year in the city of Dnipro (/wiki/Dnipro) . For the last four years the company has been showing the highest rate of expansion in Ukraine. In 2006 year 50 ATB discounter shops were launched in Ukraine, in 2007 – 52 shops, in 2008 – 75 and in 2009 – 83 shops, respectively. In 2009 the company was officially recognized as a retail trade leader due to its drastic expansion. Logistics [ edit ] Development of own logistics service is of particular interest to ATB Market. The company is the owner of the largest national logistics complex comprising four B-category distribution centers, three of them are located in Dnipro city, and one in Donetsk. The monthly volume of the goods turnover processed by the distribution centers of ATB Market is 70,000 tons. The warehouse (/wiki/Warehouse) complex ensures supplies to all the shops of ATB trade network by planning, organizing and recording the commodity flows in the territory of Central, Eastern, Northern and Southern Ukraine. Further development of the company's logistics base is planned to be carried out in 2010. Two large regional distribution centers are planned to be built. [7] (#cite_note-7) One of them shall be servicing the shops located in the Southern regions of Ukraine, the other – those operating in the Northern regions of the country. Management and turnover [ edit ] This section does not cite (/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources) any sources (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this section (/wiki/Special:EditPage/ATB-Market) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence) . ( July 2022 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) In its management, the company uses the experience gained by the "classical" European discounters such as Aldi (/wiki/Aldi) and Lidl (/wiki/Lidl) . Goods turnover of ATB retail network in 2009 amounted 8.9 billion Ukrainian hryvnyas (/wiki/Ukrainian_hryvnia) (VAT inclusive). More than 1 million Ukrainians do their shopping in ATB every day, and over 350 million shoppers are serviced yearly by the retail network. ATB in the Donbas Region and Crimea [ edit ] ATB stores in the territory occupied by Donetsk People's Republic (/wiki/Donetsk_People%27s_Republic) were seized to form a new supermarket chain called "The First Republican Supermarket" ( rus (/wiki/Russian_language) . Первый Республиканский Супермаркет) [8] (#cite_note-8) while stores in the territory occupied by Luhansk People's Republic (/wiki/Luhansk_People%27s_Republic) were seized to form a new supermarket chain called People's [supermarket] ( rus (/wiki/Russian_language) . "Народный"). [9] (#cite_note-9) ATBs in Crimea (/wiki/Crimea) were seized by Russians to create "PNH" (Products Near Home) ( rus (/wiki/Russian_language) . "ПУД" (Продукты У Дома)), a supermarket with a similar logo and inside of the market to ATB. Later, Art. Lebedev Studio (/wiki/Art._Lebedev_Studio) developed a new logo. [10] (#cite_note-10) See also [ edit ] List of supermarket chains in Ukraine (/wiki/List_of_supermarket_chains_in_Ukraine) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Owners and beneficiaries of the company TOB "ATB-MARKET" (https://opendatabot.ua/c/30487219) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20230101082631/https://opendatabot.ua/c/30487219) 1 January 2023 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) ^ (#cite_ref-2) Report from Ukraine by Digi (http://www.digisystem.com/bulletin/vol20_no51c.html/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20101122025939/http://www.digisystem.com/bulletin/vol20_no51c.html/) 22 November 2010 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) —ATB-Market is mentioned by the checkout systems manufacturer ^ (#cite_ref-3) Ukraine biggest retail chains rating (http://delo.ua/biznes/rynki/rejting-krupnejshih-torgovyh-setej-ukrainy-136590/) —" Delo (/wiki/DELO) " magazine, 27 January 2010 ^ (#cite_ref-4) Trademaster. "Личности" (https://trademaster.ua/lichnosti/36) . Портал топ-менеджеров оптовой и розничной торговли . Retrieved 8 July 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "ATB-Market" (https://atb.ua/en_US/page/atb_market) . ТОВ "АТБ-маркет" . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200422015600/https://atb.ua/en_US/page/atb_market) from the original on 22 April 2020 . Retrieved 20 August 2020 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "How War Has Reshaped Ukraine's Retail Landscape" (https://www.esmmagazine.com/retail/how-war-has-reshaped-ukraines-retail-landscape-233830) . ESM Magazine . Retrieved 9 May 2023 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) ProRetail Article (http://proretail.com.ua/%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8/%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B1-%E2%80%93-%D0%B8%D1%85-%D0%BD%D0%B5-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%82/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20110825052856/http://proretail.com.ua/%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8/%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B1-%E2%80%93-%D0%B8%D1%85-%D0%BD%D0%B5-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%82/) 25 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) —Information about ATB-Market on ProRetail ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Realities of DPR – achievements of occupants (photo)" (http://pauluskp.com/news/80e763a43) . pauluskp.com . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Terrorists in Lugansk nationalized supermarkets | Lugansk News Today" (http://lugansk-news.com/terrorists-in-lugansk-nationalized-supermarkets/) . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "PUD stores logo" (https://www.artlebedev.com/pud/logo/) . artlebedev.com . External links [ edit ] Official homepage (http://www.atbmarket.com/eng/) Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20160312023536/http://www.atbmarket.com/eng) 12 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine (/wiki/Wayback_Machine) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5697dff79f‐kwn5d Cached time: 20240722164553 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.504 seconds Real time usage: 1.408 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2005/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 35485/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2443/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 28077/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.336/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 16466603/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1340.527 1 -total 33.01% 442.502 1 Template:Lang-uk 27.03% 362.301 6 Template:Cite_web 13.74% 184.246 2 Template:Unreferenced_section 13.41% 179.761 2 Template:Unreferenced 13.12% 175.826 2 Template:Ambox 11.83% 158.613 1 Template:Infobox_company 11.01% 147.587 1 Template:Infobox 6.84% 91.648 1 Template:Short_description 3.43% 45.968 2 Template:Pagetype Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:27116911-0!canonical and timestamp 20240722164553 and revision id 1228662597. 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This article is an orphan (/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan) , as no other articles link to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=CR_No_Guts_No_Glory&namespace=0) . Please introduce links (/wiki/Help:Link) to this page from related articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=CR+No+Guts+No+Glory&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=CR+No+Guts+No+Glory) ; try the Find link tool (https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=CR_No_Guts_No_Glory) for suggestions. ( November 2022 ) CR No Guts No Glory is an American clothing company founded by Charlotte Lloyd Robinson in 2013. Robinson was born with a hemangioma (/wiki/Hemangioma) , a rare disorder that caused vascular tumors to grow in her right tibia, creating holes in her bones and damaging her joints and growth plate. By the time she was 13 years old, her right leg was 2.5 inches shorter than her left and turned at an odd angle. Robinson has been through numerous surgeries and at the age of 13 she had to wear a metal brace on her leg, known as a Taylor Spatial Frame (/wiki/Taylor_Spatial_Frame) . This device had pins that pierced through the skin and attached directly into the bone. This frame was successful in lengthening Robinson's leg 2.5 inches. After her surgeries she decided to start her own clothing business, "CR No Guts No Glory" , with her own line of snap on underwear suitable for women who are wearing a frame or brace which makes wearing normal underwear impossible. She says "I chose the name No Guts No Glory because it was my motto while in the frame". She has received coverage in ABC News (/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)) , [1] (#cite_note-1) the Huffington Post, [2] (#cite_note-2) Daily Mail, Medical Daily and has aired on Fox News. [3] (#cite_note-3) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Lupkin, Sydney (7 August 2014). "Teen With Shorter Right Leg Designs Snap-On Underwear" (https://abcnews.go.com/Health/teen-born-shorter-leg-designs-snap-underwear/story?id=24883288) . ABC News . Retrieved 21 December 2014 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Teen Invents 'Snap-On Underwear' for People with Disabilities" (https://huffingtonpost.com/2014/08/13/snap-underwear_n_5673012.html) . HuffPost (/wiki/HuffPost) . 13 August 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Rare Bone Disorder Inspires Teen to Create Snap-On Underwear for Easier Recovery" (http://www.medicaldaily.com/teen-rare-bone-disorder-creates-snap-underwear-women-recovering-surgery-297266) . 10 August 2014. External links [ edit ] Official website (http://crnogutsnoglory.com) This United States manufacturing company–related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CR_No_Guts_No_Glory&action=edit) . v t e This clothing (/wiki/Clothing) -related article is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CR_No_Guts_No_Glory&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐85f5b4c5d4‐qkwb2 Cached time: 20240712210455 Cache expiry: 1652107 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.293 seconds Real time usage: 0.619 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 384/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 17840/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1278/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 21416/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.211/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3722179/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 591.442 1 -total 41.66% 246.369 1 Template:Reflist 34.66% 205.007 1 Template:Cite_news 24.24% 143.372 2 Template:Asbox 23.88% 141.250 1 Template:US-manufacturing-company-stub 16.81% 99.392 1 Template:Orphan 15.83% 93.619 1 Template:Official_website 13.83% 81.811 1 Template:Draft_other 13.15% 77.750 1 Template:Ambox 3.18% 18.787 2 Template:Cite_web Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:44799490-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712210455 and revision id 1232462215. Rendering was triggered because: unknown esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CR_No_Guts_No_Glory&oldid=1232462215 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CR_No_Guts_No_Glory&oldid=1232462215) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing companies of the United States (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_of_the_United_States) United States manufacturing company stubs (/wiki/Category:United_States_manufacturing_company_stubs) Clothing stubs (/wiki/Category:Clothing_stubs) Hidden categories: Orphaned articles from November 2022 (/wiki/Category:Orphaned_articles_from_November_2022) All orphaned articles (/wiki/Category:All_orphaned_articles) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
American fashion line and retail store Oaklandish Company logo Industry fashion retail store Founded Oakland, California (/wiki/Oakland,_California) 2000 ( 2000 ) Headquarters Oakland , United States Area served San Francisco Bay Area (/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area) Revenue $3.26 million (2015) [1] (#cite_note-Fortune138-1) Website oaklandish (http://oaklandish.com) .com (http://oaklandish.com) Oaklandish is a fashion line and retail store (/wiki/Retail_store) located in Oakland, California (/wiki/Oakland,_California) , in the United States (/wiki/United_States) . The company logo is a modified version of the city logo, an oak (/wiki/Oak) tree with wide outspread roots (/wiki/Tree_root) . 10% of the proceeds from the sales of Oaklandish items goes to local non-profit community groups through the "Oakland Innovators Award" grant program. [2] (#cite_note-Vice-2) Everything sold in the store is screen-printed in Oakland. [2] (#cite_note-Vice-2) [3] (#cite_note-Gothamist1-3) In 2016, the store was named the 38th fastest growing inner city business in the United States by Fortune (/wiki/Fortune_(magazine)) . [1] (#cite_note-Fortune138-1) Background [ edit ] Oaklandish, created by local artist Jeff Hull (/wiki/Jeff_Hull_(artist)) , [4] (#cite_note-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) [6] (#cite_note-6) [7] (#cite_note-7) began in 2000 as a street art and viral marketing campaign designed to raise awareness about local history and culture. [8] (#cite_note-8) [9] (#cite_note-LATSelfie-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) Original projects included a wheat-paste poster series, the "Oakland-Love Retrospective" slide show (projected onto downtown architectural landmarks), the Liberation Drive-In [11] (#cite_note-11) parking lot movie series, and the Oakslander Lakeside Gazette zine. [12] (#cite_note-12) [13] (#cite_note-Zillman-13) These projects aimed to infuse cultural content into negative urban spaces during a time of rapid development in the city. [14] (#cite_note-Tian-14) From 2003 to 2005 they operated an art gallery in Jack London Square (/wiki/Jack_London_Square) . When the space closed, Oaklandish began selling their wares from a modified camper van at street festivals and farmers markets. [14] (#cite_note-Tian-14) Owner Angela Tsay credits the reopening of the Fox Oakland Theatre (/wiki/Fox_Oakland_Theatre) in 2009 as the catalyst for reinvigorating a deteriorating downtown Oakland, which led to the eventual opening of Oaklandish's flagship store in Downtown Oakland (/wiki/Downtown_Oakland) in 2011. [9] (#cite_note-LATSelfie-9) That year, they also introduced a new clothing brand representing cities across the country, called There There. [14] (#cite_note-Tian-14) In 2012 they partnered with Town Park, a skate park in Oakland, to create skateboards. [15] (#cite_note-Arnold-15) In 2013, they opened a store in the Dimond neighborhood, followed by the Oakland Supply Co. store in Jack London Square (/wiki/Jack_London_Square) in 2014. [16] (#cite_note-Veale-16) [17] (#cite_note-Mernit-17) Every year, the flagship store gives away t-shirts to Oakland Unified School District (/wiki/Oakland_Unified_School_District) students who earn a grade point average (/wiki/Grade_point_average) of 3.5 or higher. [18] (#cite_note-LaVenture-18) Oaklandish also produces "Dubs Gear," a label of Golden State Warriors (/wiki/Golden_State_Warriors) clothing that is independent of the franchise. [19] (#cite_note-MNS-19) In 2015, Oaklandish partnered with Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) and basketball player Damian Lillard (/wiki/Damian_Lillard) to design and sell a limited edition basketball shoe. [20] (#cite_note-Verry-20) A second clothing line, There There, features designs for other major cities, including Philadelphia (/wiki/Philadelphia) and Baltimore (/wiki/Baltimore) . [21] (#cite_note-Haber-21) In 2016, Fortune (/wiki/Fortune_(magazine)) named Oaklandish the 38th fastest growing inner city (/wiki/Inner_city) business in the United States. They described Oaklandish's business model as "pioneering" and recognized the business as the first American company to operate a mobile retail component, by using campers (/wiki/Recreational_vehicle) to sell products throughout the city. In 2015, the business made $3.26 million in revenue. [1] (#cite_note-Fortune138-1) Krazy George Henderson (/wiki/Krazy_George_Henderson) and Jean Quan (/wiki/Jean_Quan) are customers of the store. [22] (#cite_note-Kuruvilla-22) References [ edit ] ^ a b c "Oaklandish" (http://fortune.com/inner-city-100/oaklandish-38/) . Fortune . Retrieved 16 September 2016 . ^ a b Vice, Zoe (28 June 2012). "The Local Love & Civic Charm Known as Oaklandish" (https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/2012/06/28/the_local_love__oakland_charm_known_as_oaklandish/) . Fashion/Design . KQED . Retrieved 1 November 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-Gothamist1_3-0) "Oakland Is More Than "San Francisco's Brooklyn" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160917143920/http://gothamist.com/2014/09/05/five_reasons_to_visit_oakland_ca.php) " (https://web.archive.org/web/20160917143920/http://gothamist.com/2014/09/05/five_reasons_to_visit_oakland_ca.php) . Gothamist . Archived from the original (http://gothamist.com/2014/09/05/five_reasons_to_visit_oakland_ca.php) on 17 September 2016 . Retrieved 16 September 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Longreads (2015-09-24). " (http://longreads.com/2015/09/24/we-value-experience-can-a-secret-society-become-a-business-2/) 'We Value Experience': Can a Secret Society Become a Business?" (http://longreads.com/2015/09/24/we-value-experience-can-a-secret-society-become-a-business-2/) . Longreads . Retrieved 2024-01-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Marech, Rona (2002-08-23). "Oakland artists celebrate ignored beauty / Video festival, Web..." (https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Oakland-artists-celebrate-ignored-beauty-Video-2779308.php) SFGATE . Retrieved 2024-01-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Gifts from Oaklandish give back" (https://eastbayexpress.com/gifts-from-oaklandish-give-back-1/) . East Bay Express | Oakland, Berkeley & Alameda . 2020-11-25 . Retrieved 2024-01-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Oaklandish Uprooted, Replanted" (https://eastbayexpress.com/oaklandish-uprooted-replanted-1/) . East Bay Express | Oakland, Berkeley & Alameda . 2006-06-07 . Retrieved 2024-01-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Marech (23 August 2002). "Oakland artists celebrate ignored beauty" (http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Oakland-artists-celebrate-ignored-beauty-Video-2779308.php) . SF Chronicle. ^ a b "On sellouts, guerrilla spirit and Oakland as hella cool" (http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-adv-chat-selfie-angela-tsay-20150816-story.html) . Chat & Selfie . Los Angeles Times. 16 August 2015 . Retrieved 16 September 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Green, Matthew (2007-08-22). "Lake Merritt merriment: Radio Regatta promises fun on the water" (https://www.sfgate.com/thingstodo/article/Lake-Merritt-merriment-Radio-Regatta-promises-2545205.php) . SFGATE . Retrieved 2024-01-07 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Shuman, Aaron (21 August 2002). "Working the Graim Sublime" (http://www.eastbayexpress.com/ebx/working-the-grime-sublime/Content?oid=1068200) . ^ (#cite_ref-12) St.Clair, Katy (15 January 2003). "There There There" (http://www.eastbayexpress.com/ebx/there-there-there/Content?oid=1069148) . East Bay Express. ^ (#cite_ref-Zillman_13-0) Zillman, Claire. "Is this city the next Brooklyn? It'd rather not be" (http://fortune.com/2014/10/17/oakland-business-growth/) . Fortune . Retrieved 16 September 2016 . ^ a b c Tian, Ye (5 July 2011). "Oaklandish to open downtown retail shop on Wednesday" (http://oaklandnorth.net/2011/07/05/oaklandish-to-open-downtown-retail-shop-on-wednesday/) . Oakland North . Retrieved 1 November 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-Arnold_15-0) Arnold, Erik. "Town Park partners with Oaklandish for new line of skateboards, clothing" (http://oaklandlocal.com/article/town-park-partners-oaklandish-new-line-skateboards-clothing) . Oakland Local . Retrieved 1 November 2012 . ^ (#cite_ref-Veale_16-0) Veale, Liz. "Oaklandish opens new store in the Dimond" (http://oaklandlocal.com/2013/12/oaklandish-opens-new-store-in-the-dimond/) . Oakland Local . Retrieved 16 September 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Mernit_17-0) Mernit, Susan. "Oaklandish opening new retail store in Jack London Square" (http://oaklandlocal.com/2014/04/oaklandish-opening-new-retail-store-in-jack-london-square/) . Oakland Local . Retrieved 16 September 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-LaVenture_18-0) LaVenture, Louis. "Oaklandish rewards good grades" (http://thepioneeronline.com/31878/metro/oaklandish-rewards-good-grades/) . The Piorneer . Retrieved 16 September 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-MNS_19-0) "Knockoff Warriors gear: For 'Dub Nation,' no T-shirt is out of bounds" (http://www.mercurynews.com/2015/06/10/knockoff-warriors-gear-for-dub-nation-no-t-shirt-is-out-of-bounds/) . Sports . Mercury News. 10 June 2015 . Retrieved 16 September 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Verry_20-0) Verry, Peter (10 September 2015). "Adidas' D Lillard 1 Oaklandish Hits Stores Today" (http://footwearnews.com/2015/focus/athletic-outdoor/adidas-d-lillard-1-oaklandish-damian-lillard-sneakers-release-photos-147361/) . Footwear News . Retrieved 16 September 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Haber_21-0) Haber, Matt (2 May 2014). "Oakland: Brooklyn by the Bay" (https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/04/fashion/oakland-california-brooklyn-by-the-bay.html) . The New York Times . Retrieved 16 September 2016 . ^ (#cite_ref-Kuruvilla_22-0) Kuruvilla, Matthai (8 August 2011). "Oaklandish opens T-shirt shop to rebrand city" (http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Oaklandish-opens-T-shirt-shop-to-rebrand-city-2335578.php) . News . SFGate . Retrieved 1 November 2012 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://oaklandish.com/) Oaklandish (https://x.com/0aklandish) on X (/wiki/X_(social_network)) "Hella Local: Oaklandish Spreads the Love Here and Everywhere" (http://www.oaklandmagazine.com/Oakland-Magazine/December-2011/Hella-Local/) in Oakland Magazine "Oaklandish: Booming business rooted in Oakland pride" (http://www.sfchronicle.com/style/article/Oaklandish-Booming-business-rooted-in-Oakland-6176294.php) in the San Francisco Chronicle (/wiki/San_Francisco_Chronicle) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6f54559974‐vlbwg Cached time: 20240720015528 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.404 seconds Real time usage: 0.529 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2245/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 43693/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1569/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 82904/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.254/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6377967/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 472.456 1 -total 46.93% 221.705 1 Template:Reflist 37.74% 178.326 19 Template:Cite_web 30.36% 143.438 1 Template:Infobox_company 28.27% 133.585 1 Template:Infobox 13.71% 64.787 1 Template:Short_description 7.83% 37.016 2 Template:Pagetype 6.68% 31.570 1 Template:Twitter 5.26% 24.845 1 Template:Ubl 3.82% 18.062 8 Template:Main_other Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:37510018-0!canonical and timestamp 20240720015528 and revision id 1226515019. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oaklandish&oldid=1226515019 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oaklandish&oldid=1226515019) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Clothing brands of the United States (/wiki/Category:Clothing_brands_of_the_United_States) Clothing retailers of the United States (/wiki/Category:Clothing_retailers_of_the_United_States) Retail companies based in California (/wiki/Category:Retail_companies_based_in_California) Companies based in Oakland, California (/wiki/Category:Companies_based_in_Oakland,_California) Culture of Oakland, California (/wiki/Category:Culture_of_Oakland,_California) American companies established in 2000 (/wiki/Category:American_companies_established_in_2000) Clothing companies established in 2000 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_2000) Retail companies established in 2000 (/wiki/Category:Retail_companies_established_in_2000) 2000 establishments in California (/wiki/Category:2000_establishments_in_California) Hidden categories: Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata)
American TV series or program Ellen's Design Challenge Genre Reality competition (/wiki/Reality_competition) Presented by Jay Montepare Judges Amanda Dameron Christiane Lemieux Cliff Fong (/wiki/Cliff_Fong) Country of origin United States Original language English No. of seasons 2 No. of episodes 15 Production Executive producers Ellen DeGeneres (/wiki/Ellen_DeGeneres) Jeff Kleeman Kent Weed Ian Mallahan Jonathan Singer Arthur Smith Tim Eagan Camera setup Multiple (/wiki/Multiple-camera_setup) Running time 42 minutes Production companies A Very Good Production (/wiki/A_Very_Good_Production) A. Smith & Co. Telepictures (/wiki/Telepictures) Original release Network HGTV (/wiki/HGTV) Release January 26, 2015 ( 2015-01-26 ) – March 7, 2016 ( 2016-03-07 ) Ellen's Design Challenge is an American furniture design reality competition (/wiki/Reality_competition) series that premiered on January 26, 2015, on HGTV (/wiki/HGTV) . [1] (#cite_note-1) The six-episode first season was announced in April 2014, as the first cable television series executive produced by talk show host Ellen DeGeneres (/wiki/Ellen_DeGeneres) . [2] (#cite_note-2) In June 2015, HGTV renewed the series for a second season, [3] (#cite_note-s2-3) that premiered on January 18, 2016. [4] (#cite_note-4) Background [ edit ] The competition series features six furniture designers competing together by showing their abilities in sketching, designing and building furniture within 24 hours. Contestants must demonstrate their creativity and versatility in order to impress a panel of judges after each task they do. [5] (#cite_note-5) HGTV handymen and television personalities Jeff Devlin, Brooks Utley, Karl Champley (/wiki/Karl_Champley) , Chip Wade, David Sheinkopf (/wiki/David_Sheinkopf) and Matt Muenster are the team of carpenters that help the contestants. Jay Montepare is the host of the show while Dwell (/wiki/Dwell_(magazine)) editor-in-chief Amanda Dameron and Christiane Lemieux (/wiki/Christiane_Lemieux) , executive creative director at Wayfair (/wiki/Wayfair) , are the judges. DeGeneres is the executive producer and makes numerous appearances throughout the show. [6] (#cite_note-contestants-6) Six contestants of the first season included Jose Gaspar de Jesus, Katie Stout (/wiki/Katie_Stout) , Tim McClellan (/wiki/Tim_McClellan) , Carly Eisenberg, Mark Moskovitz and Leslie Shapiro Joyal. [6] (#cite_note-contestants-6) Katie Stout was declared the winner, and awarded the top cash prize of $100,000 and an opportunity to be featured in HGTV Magazine Tim McClellan was originally the winner but was disqualified making him the runner up . [7] (#cite_note-wash-7) In June 2015, HGTV renewed Ellen's Design Challenge for a second season, which began airing in January 2016. The second season featured additional competitors and had more episodes (nine instead of six), including a 60-minute-long special episode that showed behind-the-scenes moments. [3] (#cite_note-s2-3) The contestants of the second season included Vivian Beer (/wiki/Vivian_Beer) , Bradley Bowers, Julie Browning Bova, Miles Endo, McKenzie Gibson, Kyle Huntoon, Alexis Moran, Sef Pinney, Melissa Rivera Torres, and Dave Yale. [8] (#cite_note-8) Episodes [ edit ] Season Episodes Originally aired Season premiere (/wiki/Season_premiere) Season finale (/wiki/Season_finale) 1 (#Season_1_(2015)) 6 January 26, 2015 ( 2015-01-26 ) March 2, 2015 ( 2015-03-02 ) 2 (#Season_2_(2016)) 9 January 18, 2016 ( 2016-01-18 ) March 7, 2016 ( 2016-03-07 ) Season 1 (2015) [ edit ] No. Title Original air date U.S. viewers (million) 1 "Crate Expectations" January 26, 2015 ( 2015-01-26 ) 1.84 [10] (#cite_note-10) Six furniture designers from various places all over America gather together at a workshop where they begin competing to earn the title of best designer. Contestants meet their carpenters and prepare for their first task. [9] (#cite_note-eps-9) 2 "Contain Your Enthusiasm" February 2, 2015 ( 2015-02-02 ) 2.20 [11] (#cite_note-11) For the second challenge, the furniture designers go on a field trip to a storage facility where each one of them pick storage pods filled with different household items that they must build furniture for. [9] (#cite_note-eps-9) 3 "Off the Wall" February 9, 2015 ( 2015-02-09 ) 2.19 [12] (#cite_note-12) The contestants receive a special reward from Ellen before moving on to their next challenge. During the building time, a couple of designers get into a small fight over exotic hardwood while a piece of work of another designer starts to take on an animalistic look. [9] (#cite_note-eps-9) 4 "Ouch, We Have to Build A..." February 16, 2015 ( 2015-02-16 ) 1.97 [13] (#cite_note-13) The contestants find out the other challenge as they arrive at the shop. One of the designers is forced to change their design in the middle of the task while another designer makes a sudden mistake that results in making a tough decision. At the end the contestants face harsh criticism. [9] (#cite_note-eps-9) 5 "From Trash to Treasure" February 23, 2015 ( 2015-02-23 ) 1.78 [14] (#cite_note-14) For the next challenge, the contestants have to find items in the junkyard in order to make a piece of furniture. The designers later realise that some of material is not suitable enough while one designer's carpenter team is not up to speed. [9] (#cite_note-eps-9) 6 "And the Winner Is..." March 2, 2015 ( 2015-03-02 ) 2.38 [15] (#cite_note-15) At the season’s finale, the two remaining designers are taken to a very special location to find out the final task. Both contestants struggle to come up with the design. The season ends with a shocking surprise. [9] (#cite_note-eps-9) Season 1 elimination table [ edit ] Place Contestant Episode 1 2 3 a (#endnote_non-elim) 4 b (#endnote_no_winner/bottom_2) 5 b (#endnote_no_winner/bottom_2) 6 c (#endnote_new_winner) 1 Katie HIGH WIN LOW-N IN IN WINNER 2 Tim WIN IN WIN IN IN DISQUALIFIED 3 Gaspar LOW HIGH IN IN ELIM 4 Carley IN LOW LOW-N ELIM 5 Leslie IN ELIM 6 Mark ELIM (WINNER) This designer won the competition due to another contestant's disqualification. (DISQUALIFIED) This designer finished in second place due to disqualification. (WIN) The designer won the elimination challenge and was safe. (HIGH) The designer was one of the top entries in the elimination challenge, but did not win. (IN) The designer was not selected as a top entry or bottom entry in an elimination challenge. (LOW-N) The designer was part of a non-elimination bottom two. (LOW) The designer was one of the bottom entries in an elimination challenge, and was the last person to advance. (ELIM) The designer was eliminated from Ellen's Design Challenge. ^a (#ref_non-elim) No one was eliminated during this episode. ^b (#ref_no_winner/bottom_2) There was no winner nor bottom two during this elimination challenge. ^c (#ref_new_winner) Tim was originally announced as the winner during the finale, but was later Disqualified, thus giving Katie the win. Season 2 elimination table [ edit ] Place Contestant Episode 1 2 3 4 5 6 a (#endnote_non-elim/2) 7 8 9 1 Vivian IN HIGH IN LOW LOW WIN WIN IN WINNER 2 Sef IN LOW WIN HIGH LOW LOW-N LOW IN RUNNER UP 3 Miles IN IN HIGH WIN WIN LOW-N HIGH ELIM 4 Kyle IN IN LOW IN LOW HIGH ELIM 5 Melissa RISK IN IN IN ELIM 6 Alexis IN HIGH IN ELIM 7 Bradley IN WIN ELIM 8 McKenzie IN ELIM 9-10 Dave ELIM Julie ELIM (WINNER) This designer won Ellen's Design Challenge. (RUNNER UP) This designer finished in second place. (WIN) The designer won the elimination challenge and was safe. (HIGH) The designer was one of the top entries in the elimination challenge, but did not win. (IN) The designer was not selected as a top entry or bottom entry in an elimination challenge. (IN) The designer was selected to advance on to the final 8. (LOW) The designer was one of the bottom entries in an elimination challenge, and was the last person to advance. (LOW-N) The designer was part of a non-elimination bottom two. (RISK) The designer was at risk of not advancing to the final 8. (ELIM) The designer was eliminated from Ellen's Design Challenge. (ELIM) The designer did not make the final 8 and was eliminated from Ellen's Design Challenge. ^a (#ref_non-elim/2) No one was eliminated during this episode. Controversy [ edit ] The finale of the first season has sparked some controversy. Katie Stout and Tim McClellan were the two remaining contestants and judges decided to declare McClellan as the winner during the final episode which aired on March 2, 2015. However, it turned out that the winning piece of furniture was very similar to an existing design by European craftsman Simon Schacht. McClellan was eventually disqualified and Stout was named the winner during the taping of The Ellen DeGeneres Show (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show) . [16] (#cite_note-16) McClellan appeared on Ellen as well shortly after the controversy and addressed the decision by saying that "the similarities of the two pieces are quite compelling," also adding that he agrees to the decision that has been made and "recognize[s] Katie as the legitimate winner of the show." [17] (#cite_note-17) The controversy has since raised some questions whether it was a publicity stunt. [7] (#cite_note-wash-7) [18] (#cite_note-18) See also [ edit ] Television portal (/wiki/Portal:Television) Designer Superstar Challenge (/wiki/Designer_Superstar_Challenge) HGTV Design Star (/wiki/HGTV_Design_Star) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Ellen DeGeneres' Furniture Competition Series to Premiere on HGTV January 26 at 9 p.m. ET/PT" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150211081458/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/ellen-degeneres-furniture-competition-series-154400660.html) . Yahoo! Finance (/wiki/Yahoo!_Finance) . December 15, 2014. Archived from the original (https://finance.yahoo.com/news/ellen-degeneres-furniture-competition-series-154400660.html) on February 11, 2015 . Retrieved March 8, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) Steinberg, Brian (April 22, 2014). "Ellen DeGeneres To Launch Competition Series on HGTV" (https://variety.com/2014/tv/news/ellen-degeneres-to-launch-competition-series-on-hgtv-1201160908/) . Variety (/wiki/Variety_(magazine)) . Retrieved March 7, 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Maglio, Tony (June 15, 2015). "Ellen DeGeneres' 'Ellen's Design Challenge' Renewed for Season 2 by HGTV" (http://www.thewrap.com/ellen-degeneres-ellens-design-challenge-renewed-for-season-2-by-hgtv/) . The Wrap (/wiki/The_Wrap) . Retrieved June 16, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) " (http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20151209006128/en/%E2%80%98Ellen%E2%80%99s-Design-Challenge%E2%80%99-Returns-HGTV-January-18) 'Ellen's Design Challenge' Returns to HGTV on January 18 at 9 p.m. ET/PT" (http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20151209006128/en/%E2%80%98Ellen%E2%80%99s-Design-Challenge%E2%80%99-Returns-HGTV-January-18) . Business Wire (/wiki/Business_Wire) . December 9, 2015 . Retrieved December 29, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) Goldberg, Lesley (April 22, 2014). "Ellen DeGeneres to Launch Design Competition Series" (http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/ellen-degeneres-launch-design-competition-698061) . The Hollywood Reporter (/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter) . Retrieved March 8, 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Remling, Amanda (January 26, 2015). " (http://www.ibtimes.com/ellens-design-challenge-cast-meet-6-hgtv-contestants-jan-26-premiere-1794994) 'Ellen's Design Challenge' Cast: Meet The 6 HGTV Contestants Before The Jan. 26 Premiere" (http://www.ibtimes.com/ellens-design-challenge-cast-meet-6-hgtv-contestants-jan-26-premiere-1794994) . International Business Times (/wiki/International_Business_Times) . Retrieved March 8, 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b Yahr, Emily (March 3, 2015). "A woodworking plagiarism scandal on 'Ellen's Design Challenge'? HGTV handling of finale sparks controversy" (https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/style-blog/wp/2015/03/03/a-woodworking-plagiarism-scandal-on-ellens-design-challenge-hgtv-handling-of-finale-sparks-controversy/) . The Washington Post (/wiki/The_Washington_Post) . Retrieved March 18, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Ten Talented Contestants Selected for New Season of "Ellen's Design Challenge" (http://www.thefutoncritic.com/news/2015/12/15/ten-talented-contestants-selected-for-new-season-of-ellens-design-challenge-192301/20151215hgtv01/) " (http://www.thefutoncritic.com/news/2015/12/15/ten-talented-contestants-selected-for-new-season-of-ellens-design-challenge-192301/20151215hgtv01/) . The Futon Critic (/wiki/The_Futon_Critic) (Press release). December 15, 2015 . Retrieved December 29, 2015 . ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f " (http://www.hgtv.com/shows/ellens-design-challenge/episodes0/100) Ellen's Design Challenge – Episode Guide" (http://www.hgtv.com/shows/ellens-design-challenge/episodes0/100) . HGTV. Scripps Networks Digital . Retrieved March 26, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Kondolojy, Amanda (January 27, 2015). "Monday Cable Ratings: 'Love & Hip Hop' & 'Monday Night RAW' Top Night + 'Black Ink Crew', 'Street Outlaws' & More" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150129055338/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2015/01/27/monday-cable-ratings-love-hip-hop-monday-night-raw-top-night-black-ink-crew-street-outlaws-more/355768/) . TV by the Numbers (/wiki/TV_by_the_Numbers) . Archived from the original (http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2015/01/27/monday-cable-ratings-love-hip-hop-monday-night-raw-top-night-black-ink-crew-street-outlaws-more/355768/) on January 29, 2015 . Retrieved March 7, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Bibel, Sara (February 3, 2015). "Monday Cable Ratings: 'WWE Raw' & Love & Hip Hop' Win Night, 'Black Ink Crew', 'Vanderpump Rules' & More" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150204222927/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2015/02/03/monday-cable-ratings-wwe-raw-love-hip-hop-win-night-black-ink-crew-vanderpump-rules-more/358760/) . TV by the Numbers . Archived from the original (http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2015/02/03/monday-cable-ratings-wwe-raw-love-hip-hop-win-night-black-ink-crew-vanderpump-rules-more/358760/) on February 4, 2015 . Retrieved March 7, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Kondolojy, Amanda (February 10, 2015). "Monday Cable Ratings: 'Better Call Saul' Tops Night + 'Love & Hip-Hop', 'Monday Night RAW', 'Black Ink Crew' & More" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150210235934/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2015/02/10/monday-cable-ratings-better-call-saul-tops-night-love-hip-hop-monday-night-raw-black-ink-crew-more/361268/) . TV by the Numbers . Archived from the original (http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2015/02/10/monday-cable-ratings-better-call-saul-tops-night-love-hip-hop-monday-night-raw-black-ink-crew-more/361268/) on February 10, 2015 . Retrieved March 7, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Bibel, Sara (February 18, 2015). "Monday Cable Ratings: 'Better Call Saul' Wins NIght, 'Love & Hip Hop', 'Vanderpump Rules', 'The Fosters'& More" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150220031455/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2015/02/18/monday-cable-ratings-better-call-saul-wins-night-love-hip-hop-vanderpump-rules-the-fosters-more/364338/) . TV by the Numbers . Archived from the original (http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2015/02/18/monday-cable-ratings-better-call-saul-wins-night-love-hip-hop-vanderpump-rules-the-fosters-more/364338/) on February 20, 2015 . Retrieved March 7, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-14) Kondolojy, Amanda (February 24, 2015). "Monday Cable Ratings: 'Monday Night RAW' Tops Night + 'Love & Hip Hop', 'Better Call Saul', 'Black Ink Crew' & More" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150225010501/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2015/02/24/monday-cable-ratings-monday-night-raw-tops-night-love-hip-hop-better-call-saul-black-ink-crew-more/366753/) . TV by the Numbers . Archived from the original (http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2015/02/24/monday-cable-ratings-monday-night-raw-tops-night-love-hip-hop-better-call-saul-black-ink-crew-more/366753/) on February 25, 2015 . Retrieved March 7, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-15) Bibel, Sara (March 3, 2015). "Monday Cable Ratings: 'Love & Hip Hop' Wins Night, 'WWE Raw', 'Better Call Saul', 'Vanderpump Rules', 'The Fosters' & More" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150306003840/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2015/03/03/monday-cable-ratings-love-hip-hop-wins-night-wwe-raw-better-call-saul-vanderpump-rules-the-fosters-more/370060/) . TV by the Numbers . Archived from the original (http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2015/03/03/monday-cable-ratings-love-hip-hop-wins-night-wwe-raw-better-call-saul-vanderpump-rules-the-fosters-more/370060/) on March 6, 2015 . Retrieved March 7, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-16) Maglio, Tony (March 2, 2015). " (http://www.thewrap.com/ellens-design-challenge-winner-disqualified-in-dramatic-finale-twist/) 'Ellen's Design Challenge' Winner Disqualified in Dramatic Finale Twist" (http://www.thewrap.com/ellens-design-challenge-winner-disqualified-in-dramatic-finale-twist/) . The Wrap (/wiki/The_Wrap) . Retrieved March 18, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-17) Fernau, Karen (March 6, 2015). "Disqualified 'Design Challenge' winner speaks on 'Ellen' (http://www.azcentral.com/story/entertainment/home/2015/03/05/disqualified-ellen-design-challenge-winner-jerome-speaks/24400829/) " (http://www.azcentral.com/story/entertainment/home/2015/03/05/disqualified-ellen-design-challenge-winner-jerome-speaks/24400829/) . The Arizona Republic (/wiki/The_Arizona_Republic) . Retrieved March 18, 2015 . ^ (#cite_ref-18) Andy Dehnart (/wiki/Andy_Dehnart) (March 6, 2015). " (https://web.archive.org/web/20160423043445/http://www.hitfix.com/news/ellens-design-challenge-ends-with-plagiarism-controversy) Ellen's Design Challenge ends with plagiarism controversy" (https://web.archive.org/web/20160423043445/http://www.hitfix.com/news/ellens-design-challenge-ends-with-plagiarism-controversy) . HitFix (/wiki/HitFix) . Archived from the original (http://www.hitfix.com/news/ellens-design-challenge-ends-with-plagiarism-controversy) on April 23, 2016 . Retrieved March 18, 2015 . External links [ edit ] Official website (http://www.hgtv.com/shows/ellens-design-challenge) Ellen's Design Challenge at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) Ellen's Design Challenge at TV Guide (/wiki/TV_Guide) v t e Ellen DeGeneres (/wiki/Ellen_DeGeneres) Television series Ellen (/wiki/Ellen_(TV_series)) The Ellen Show (/wiki/The_Ellen_Show) The Ellen DeGeneres Show (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show) Season 1 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_1)) 2 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_2)) 3 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_3)) 4 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_4)) 5 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_5)) 6 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_6)) 7 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_7)) 8 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_8)) 9 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_9)) 10 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_10)) 11 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_11)) 12 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_12)) 13 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_13)) 14 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_14)) 15 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_15)) 16 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_16)) 17 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_17)) 18 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_18)) 19 (/wiki/The_Ellen_DeGeneres_Show_(season_19)) Bethenny (/wiki/Bethenny_(talk_show)) Repeat After Me (/wiki/Repeat_After_Me_(TV_series)) Ellen's Design Challenge Little Big Shots (/wiki/Little_Big_Shots) Heads Up! 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Find sources: "Celebrity Big Brother (British TV series) series 8" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Celebrity+Big+Brother+%28British+TV+series%29+series+8%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Celebrity+Big+Brother+%28British+TV+series%29+series+8%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Celebrity+Big+Brother+%28British+TV+series%29+series+8%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Celebrity+Big+Brother+%28British+TV+series%29+series+8%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Celebrity+Big+Brother+%28British+TV+series%29+series+8%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Celebrity+Big+Brother+%28British+TV+series%29+series+8%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( April 2020 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Season of television series Celebrity Big Brother Series 8 Series eight logo Presented by Brian Dowling (/wiki/Brian_Dowling_(presenter)) No. of days 22 No. of housemates 10 Winner Paddy Doherty (/wiki/Paddy_Doherty_(TV_personality)) Runner-up Kerry Katona (/wiki/Kerry_Katona) Companion shows Big Brother's Bit On The Side (/wiki/List_of_Big_Brother_(UK)_shows#Big_Brother's_Bit_On_The_Side) No. of episodes 23 Release Original network Channel 5 (/wiki/Channel_5_(UK)) Original release 18 August ( 2011-08-18 ) – 8 September 2011 ( 2011-09-08 ) Series chronology ← Previous Series 7 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_7) Next → Series 9 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_9) Celebrity Big Brother 2011 , also known as Celebrity Big Brother 8 , was the eighth series of the British reality television (/wiki/Reality_television) series Celebrity Big Brother (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)) . It was the first series of Celebrity Big Brother to air on Channel 5 (/wiki/Channel_5_(UK)) , and the first celebrity series not to air in January since Celebrity Big Brother 2 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_2_(UK)) , which was broadcast in November 2002. The series launched on 18 August 2011, [1] (#cite_note-1) and ended after 22 days on 8 September 2011, making it the shortest Channel 5 series. It was followed by the twelfth regular series (/wiki/Big_Brother_12_(UK)) , which launched the following night after the final. [2] (#cite_note-Marcus_Bentley_to_have_bigger_role_–_promises_flashbacks_and_new_format-2) Davina McCall (/wiki/Davina_McCall) did not return to host the main show, and was replaced by former winner Brian Dowling (/wiki/Brian_Dowling_(presenter)) . Emma Willis (/wiki/Emma_Willis) presented the spin-off show Big Brother's Bit on the Side (/wiki/Big_Brother%27s_Bit_on_the_Side) , alongside Jamie East (/wiki/Jamie_East) and Alice Levine (/wiki/Alice_Levine) . Marcus Bentley (/wiki/Marcus_Bentley) returned as commentator for the live shows and highlights whilst also providing voice over for viewer competitions. In keeping with the celebrity theme, the first edition of OK! TV (/wiki/OK!_TV) When Bruv Takes Over aired on 17 August, the eve of the launch night. [3] (#cite_note-Channel_5_confirms_Celebrity_Big_Brother_launch_date-3) Following intense press speculation, the exact line-up of celebrity housemates remained a mystery until launch night. For the first time, the celebrity version was staged prior to the main show. Like the previous celebrity series on Channel 4 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_7) , it was sponsored by Freederm (/wiki/Freederm) . [4] (#cite_note-4) The series was won by Irish traveller and reality television star Paddy Doherty (/wiki/Paddy_Doherty_(TV_personality)) , with Kerry Katona (/wiki/Kerry_Katona) as runner-up. [5] (#cite_note-Paddy_Wins_Celebrity_BB!-5) Jedward returned to the house for Celebrity Big Brother 19 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_19) as All-Stars, representing this series. They finished as runners-up to Coleen Nolan (/wiki/Coleen_Nolan) . Pre-series [ edit ] Presenters [ edit ] Former Big Brother winner Brian Dowling (/wiki/Brian_Dowling_(presenter)) replaced Davina McCall (/wiki/Davina_McCall) as the presenter of the show. Emma Willis (/wiki/Emma_Willis) was presenter of new spin-off show Big Brother's Bit on the Side . [6] (#cite_note-6) Marcus Bentley (/wiki/Marcus_Bentley) retained his role as off-screen narrator (/wiki/Narrator) for the highlights shows. He also commentated on the live nights and provided voice-overs for the viewer competitions. [2] (#cite_note-Marcus_Bentley_to_have_bigger_role_–_promises_flashbacks_and_new_format-2) Trailers [ edit ] From 23 July 2011, trailers announcing the imminent return of the series were aired on Channel 5 voiced by Marcus Bentley (/wiki/Marcus_Bentley) . Former housemates that featured in one of the trailers included Josie Gibson (/wiki/Josie_Gibson) , Dowling and Sam Pepper (/wiki/Sam_Pepper) . This coincided with the launch of the new eye logo for 2011. In the run-up to Celebrity Big Brother , the channel heavily featured a promotional campaign under the slogan "When Bruv Takes Over" based on the David Guetta (/wiki/David_Guetta) and Kelly Rowland (/wiki/Kelly_Rowland) song " When Love Takes Over (/wiki/When_Love_Takes_Over) ". It featured a large cast of past housemates dancing and miming in the streets, finally meeting up in a park with CGI effects adding a fly-past with coloured smoke overhead. [7] (#cite_note-7) Live feed [ edit ] With varying controversy, there was no 24-hour live feed in Celebrity Big Brother 2011 unlike most years on Channel 4. Channel 5 concentrated on the daily highlights shows, the eviction shows and instead placed clips from action in the house on a dedicated website and social media. [8] (#cite_note-8) Title sequence [ edit ] The main motif for the show's titles was a space-age-style, revolving 3D glowing eye. As usual the title sequence was kept secret until the launch. For the first time in the show's history, housemates were included in the title sequences, showing various parts of their face/top part of body. The on-screen graphics and highlights editing were the show's most biggest change to date with names superimposed over the housemates and music used in every scene. In between the highlights, the show flashed up clips portraits of the housemates' faces. House [ edit ] On 10 August, Digital Spy (/wiki/Digital_Spy) published its first look at the new Celebrity Big Brother house for the new Channel 5 series in readiness for the first intake of celebrity housemates. It revealed a colourful, opulent look with a return to the luxury feel of the early Channel 4 series. It featured a bar, gym, sauna, an open-plan bathroom, the UK series' largest swimming pool thus far. In the celebrity series, the shower enclosure was screened off from public view but this was changed to a clear view for the main series. There was also a large outdoor area and a sophisticated range of designer furnishings and fittings. This made a radical contrast with the shift to an austere, claustrophobic house seen in the later Channel 4 series. [9] (#cite_note-9) Cameras and surveillance system [ edit ] The housemates were watched by a network of 47 cameras 24/7, the largest number of cameras to date. The show was broadcast in high-definition (/wiki/HDTV) for the first time in its history. In preparation for HDTV broadcast standard, the house was illuminated with a super-bright overhead lighting rig. Diary Room [ edit ] On 15 August 2011, viewers were shown the Big Brother 2011 diary chair. It was in the style of a luxury club chair in deep red with gold trim. [10] (#cite_note-10) The luxurious feel was enhanced by a dramatic entrance way to the diary room with strip lighting and mirrored surfaces. In a break with the original convention of no contact with the outside world, during visits to the diary room, housemates were invited to answer trivia questions contributed by Facebook (/wiki/Facebook) members during the spin-off show, Big Brother's Bit on the Side (/wiki/Big_Brother%27s_Bit_on_the_Side) on 5* (/wiki/5*) . They also received messages from relatives and visits from pets. The diary room led to the small task room where challenges were set for the housemates. Launch night [ edit ] The show went live on 18 August. [11] (#cite_note-Celebrity_Big_Brother_2011_-_Live_blog-11) A group of ten initial housemates entered the house through the big eye via a catwalk leading up to a flight of steps, crossing a swingbridge (/wiki/Swingbridge) shaped like the Big Brother eye. Marcus Bentley narrated each contestant's details as they made their entrance. Kerry Katona (/wiki/Kerry_Katona) was announced as the first celebrity housemate to enter the new Big Brother house followed by American Pie actress Tara Reid (/wiki/Tara_Reid) [11] (#cite_note-Celebrity_Big_Brother_2011_-_Live_blog-11) Reality TV stars Paddy Doherty (/wiki/Paddy_Doherty_(television_personality)) from My Big Fat Gypsy Wedding (/wiki/My_Big_Fat_Gypsy_Wedding) and Amy Childs (/wiki/Amy_Childs) from ITV 2's The Only Way Is Essex (/wiki/The_Only_Way_Is_Essex) joined them. [11] (#cite_note-Celebrity_Big_Brother_2011_-_Live_blog-11) Australian paparazzi and media personality Darryn Lyons (/wiki/Darryn_Lyons) was next to join the house followed by Sally Bercow (/wiki/Sally_Bercow) . [11] (#cite_note-Celebrity_Big_Brother_2011_-_Live_blog-11) British actor Lucien Laviscount (/wiki/Lucien_Laviscount) was next with ex Baywatch (/wiki/Baywatch) actress Pamela Bach (/wiki/Pamela_Bach) preceding him. [11] (#cite_note-Celebrity_Big_Brother_2011_-_Live_blog-11) British model Bobby Sabel (/wiki/Bobby_Sabel) was next, with Irish pop duo Jedward (/wiki/Jedward) the last to enter the house. [11] (#cite_note-Celebrity_Big_Brother_2011_-_Live_blog-11) Launch night twist [ edit ] Following the housemates' entrance into the house, Big Brother called one housemate to the Diary Room. Kerry Katona took up the offer and in the process nominated herself for a secret task. Her mission was to become the 'biggest celebrity diva (/wiki/Diva) ' which entailed three mini tasks. Her first task was to throw an "A-list" celebrity-style tantrum (/wiki/Tantrum) , second to ask three housemates, "do you know who I am?", thirdly, to demand to swap beds and then swap back. The next day, the housemates voted for whom they judged to be the biggest diva in the house. Kerry had to be selected or she would be punished. [12] (#cite_note-Kerry_set_secret_mission-12) Kerry failed as Jedward were selected as the biggest divas in the house. She was told that her punishment was to face the public vote for eviction and she also had to nominate two other of her housemates to join her for eviction. She nominated Bobby and Sally. The further twist was that the public voted to save Kerry, Bobby or Sally. The loser was Sally, who had the fewest votes to save and was evicted at the first eviction show on Day 9. [13] (#cite_note-Kerry_fails_secret_mission-13) Press reaction [ edit ] The media gave the relaunched show a mixed reaction. Michael Hogan of The Telegraph (/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph) claimed that many of the housemates are "notable only for who [ sic (/wiki/Sic) ] they married or for taking part in other reality shows". [14] (#cite_note-14) Sister shows [ edit ] Celebrity Big Brother's Bit on the Side [ edit ] This is the main spin-off show for Big Brother . In this series it was hosted by Emma Willis (/wiki/Emma_Willis) with co-hosts Jamie East (/wiki/Jamie_East) and Alice Levine (/wiki/Alice_Levine) . The first edition followed the launch night show at 10:30pm on Thursday 18 August with the celebrities in the house and the first task set. Lauren Harries (/wiki/Lauren_Harries) acted as fashion expert on the launch night show, castigating the styling of the new housemates. The show was similar to ex-spin off shows Big Brother's Little Brother (/wiki/Big_Brother%27s_Little_Brother) and Big Brother's Big Mouth (/wiki/Big_Brother%27s_Big_Mouth) , but is shown after the main show. The debut show was watched by 1.82 million viewers (receiving 13.4%). [15] (#cite_note-15) It returned along with the ninth series of the main celebrity show (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_9) in January 2012. OK! TV: When Bruv Takes Over [ edit ] This is a special edition of the main OK! TV (/wiki/OK!_TV) magazine show broadcast from the Big Brother compound in the Elstree Studio. The first edition aired on Wednesday 17 August where viewers were given a preview of the new Big Brother house on the eve of the launch of Celebrity Big Brother 2011 . The show is presented by Jenny Frost (/wiki/Jenny_Frost) and Jeff Brazier (/wiki/Jeff_Brazier) . [3] (#cite_note-Channel_5_confirms_Celebrity_Big_Brother_launch_date-3) New features [ edit ] The main elements of the classic Big Brother format have remained in place since the shift to Channel 5. Narrator Marcus Bentley (/wiki/Marcus_Bentley) has taken on a more prominent role in the live shows by contributing narration to the opening titles and doing voiceovers to the entrance and exits of the housemates. He has also adopted a more animated vocal style since the move. New presenter Brian Dowling also introduced some innovations of his own. On eviction nights, he uses the new catchphrase, "[housemates up for eviction], your time has come!" Housemates [ edit ] Celebrity Age on entry Notability Day entered Day exited Status Paddy Doherty (/wiki/Paddy_Doherty_(TV_personality)) 52 Reality TV star 1 22 Winner Kerry Katona (/wiki/Kerry_Katona) 30 Media personality and singer 1 22 Runner-up Jedward (/wiki/Jedward) [a] (#cite_note-Jedward-16) 19 Singers 1 22 3rd Place Amy Childs (/wiki/Amy_Childs) 21 Reality TV star 1 22 4th Place Lucien Laviscount (/wiki/Lucien_Laviscount) 19 Actor 1 22 5th Place Darryn Lyons (/wiki/Darryn_Lyons) 45 Paparazzo 1 22 6th Place Bobby Sabel 25 Model 1 22 7th Place Tara Reid (/wiki/Tara_Reid) 35 Actress and model 1 16 Evicted Pamela Bach Hasselhoff (/wiki/Pamela_Bach) 47 Actress, ex-wife of David Hasselhoff (/wiki/David_Hasselhoff) 1 14 Evicted Sally Bercow (/wiki/Sally_Bercow) 41 Wife of John Bercow (/wiki/John_Bercow) 1 9 Evicted ^ (#cite_ref-Jedward_16-0) "Jedward" is the collective name for the twins John and Edward Grimes who entered the House together on Day 1 and were treated as a single Housemate for the duration of the series. Amy Childs [ edit ] Amy Childs (/wiki/Amy_Childs) (born 7 June 1990) is a British reality television star and model, best known for appearing in the ITV2 (/wiki/ITV2) semi-reality programme The Only Way Is Essex (/wiki/The_Only_Way_Is_Essex) , for the first two series. [16] (#cite_note-Meet_the_Celebrity_Housemates-17) During her time, she flirted with fellow housemate Lucien, and developed rivalry against Kerry. On Day 22, Childs left the house in fourth place. Bobby Sabel [ edit ] Bobby Sabel is a British fashion model. Sabel has modelled in New York and Paris, which he is currently signed to Elite Model Management (/wiki/Elite_Model_Management) . [16] (#cite_note-Meet_the_Celebrity_Housemates-17) On Day 22, Bobby was the first housemate to be evicted on finale night, finishing in seventh place. [5] (#cite_note-Paddy_Wins_Celebrity_BB!-5) Darryn Lyons [ edit ] Darryn Lyons (/wiki/Darryn_Lyons) (born 19 August 1965) is an Australian paparazzo (/wiki/Paparazzo) , media personality and entrepreneur, best known for his paparazzi work in Britain. He has worked for newspaper firms such as News of the World (/wiki/News_of_the_World) and the Daily Mail (/wiki/Daily_Mail) . Lyons gained widespread media attention when he sold a photograph, which was used to support a claim that David Beckham (/wiki/David_Beckham) was having an affair with his personal assistant Rebecca Loos (/wiki/Rebecca_Loos) . [16] (#cite_note-Meet_the_Celebrity_Housemates-17) On Day 2, he celebrated his 46th birthday in the House, after the housemates passed a task. As a reward, the housemates threw a paparazzi-themed party for him. On Day 22, he was the second evictee on finale night, finishing in sixth place. [5] (#cite_note-Paddy_Wins_Celebrity_BB!-5) Jedward [ edit ] Jedward (/wiki/Jedward) (born John & Edward Grimes ; 16 October 1991) are an Irish identical twin (/wiki/Identical_twin) singing duo, who rose to fame appearing as finalists on the sixth series (/wiki/The_X_Factor_(British_series_6)) on The X Factor (/wiki/The_X_Factor_(British_TV_series)) . [16] (#cite_note-Meet_the_Celebrity_Housemates-17) They also competed as Ireland's participation in the Eurovision Song Contest 2011 (/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2011) . On Day 22, Jedward were announced to have finished in third place. [5] (#cite_note-Paddy_Wins_Celebrity_BB!-5) Kerry Katona [ edit ] Kerry Katona (/wiki/Kerry_Katona) (born 6 September 1980) is a British media personality and singer. She began her career as a member of the girl band, Atomic Kitten (/wiki/Atomic_Kitten) from 1998 to 2001. After her departure from the band, Katona became the face of reality television (/wiki/Reality_television) , winning the third series of I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (/wiki/I%27m_a_Celebrity...Get_Me_Out_of_Here!_(British_TV_series)) and appearing on Dancing on Ice (/wiki/Dancing_on_Ice) . [16] (#cite_note-Meet_the_Celebrity_Housemates-17) On Day 1, Kerry was the first housemate to enter the House, and was set a secret task to become the "biggest diva (/wiki/Diva) ". She later failed, and as punishment, was automatically nominated for the first eviction. During her time in the house, she developed a showmance with Lucien, and a rivalry against Amy. On Day 20, she celebrated her 31st birthday in the House. On Day 22, she was the runner-up of the series. [5] (#cite_note-Paddy_Wins_Celebrity_BB!-5) Lucien Laviscount [ edit ] Lucien Laviscount (/wiki/Lucien_Laviscount) (born 9 June 1992) is a British actor and model, most famous for playing Ben Richardson (/wiki/Ben_Richardson_(Coronation_Street)) in the ITV soap opera, Coronation Street (/wiki/Coronation_Street) and Jonah Kirby (/wiki/Jonah_Kirby) in the BBC drama, Waterloo Road (/wiki/Waterloo_Road_(TV_series)) . He once appeared in a M&S advert as a child alongside David Beckham (/wiki/David_Beckham) . [16] (#cite_note-Meet_the_Celebrity_Housemates-17) During his time in the house, he developed showmances with Amy and Kerry. On Day 22, he was evicted from the house, positioning fifth. [5] (#cite_note-Paddy_Wins_Celebrity_BB!-5) Paddy Doherty [ edit ] Patrick "Paddy" Doherty (/wiki/Paddy_Doherty_(television_personality)) (born 6 February 1959) is an Irish traveller (/wiki/Irish_Travellers) , bare-knuckle fighter (/wiki/Bare-knuckle_boxing) and television personality, who featured on Danny Dyer's Deadliest Men (/wiki/Danny_Dyer%27s_Deadliest_Men) and the 2010 Channel 4 (/wiki/Channel_4) programme My Big Fat Gypsy Wedding (/wiki/Big_Fat_Gypsy_Weddings) . [16] (#cite_note-Meet_the_Celebrity_Housemates-17) Doherty made it to the final and was crowned the winner of the series on Day 22, beating Kerry Katona. [5] (#cite_note-Paddy_Wins_Celebrity_BB!-5) Pamela Bach-Hasselhoff [ edit ] Pamela Bach (/wiki/Pamela_Bach) (born Pamela Ann Weissenbach ; 16 October 1963), also known as Pamela Bach-Hasselhoff , is an American actress. She gained notoriety from her previous marriage to David Hasselhoff (/wiki/David_Hasselhoff) . [16] (#cite_note-Meet_the_Celebrity_Housemates-17) She worked with her now ex-husband on Baywatch (/wiki/Baywatch) , and had a recurring role as a psychologist (/wiki/Psychologist) in the series Sirens (/wiki/Sirens_(1993_TV_series)) . In the house, she had her own bedroom with ensuite bathroom (/wiki/Ensuite_bathroom) . Pamela was evicted from the house on Day 14. During her eviction, she was asked to give four housemates immunity from the next eviction. She chose Kerry, Jedward, Amy, and Paddy. [ citation needed ] Sally Bercow [ edit ] Sally Bercow (/wiki/Sally_Bercow) (born Sally Kate Illman ; 22 November 1969) is a British political activist and media personality, and the wife of the speaker for the House of Commons (/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom) , John Bercow (/wiki/John_Bercow) . [16] (#cite_note-Meet_the_Celebrity_Housemates-17) She attracted public criticism when a photograph of her wearing nothing but a bed sheet (/wiki/Bed_sheet) , and also looking outside to the House of Commons, had appeared in the London Evening Standard (/wiki/London_Evening_Standard) newspaper. She was the first celebrity to be evicted on Day 9. [17] (#cite_note-Sally_Bercow_evicted_from_Celebrity_Big_Brother-18) Tara Reid [ edit ] Tara Reid (/wiki/Tara_Reid) (born 8 November 1975) is an American actress, best known for her starring roles in The Big Lebowski (/wiki/The_Big_Lebowski) , the American Pie films and Scrubs . [16] (#cite_note-Meet_the_Celebrity_Housemates-17) Tara was the third person to be evicted on Day 16. [18] (#cite_note-Tara_Reid_evicted_from_Celebrity_Big_Brother-19) House guests [ edit ] Former Harrods (/wiki/Harrods) owner Mohamed Al-Fayed (/wiki/Mohamed_Al-Fayed) entered the house as a houseguest on Day 3 and set the celebrity housemates a task based on dressing up as Egyptian mummies. [19] (#cite_note-Mohamed_Al-Fayed_sets_Big_Brother_Egyptian_task-20) On the live eviction show of 26 August, Brian Dowling confirmed that the Michelin star (/wiki/Michelin_star) -winning celebrity chef and restaurateur Marco Pierre White (/wiki/Marco_Pierre_White) is visiting the house "to turn up the heat" on Day 10. White set the housemates a cooking task. [20] (#cite_note-Marco_Pierre_White_sets_cooking_task-21) On the Day 12 " Fright Night (/wiki/Fright_Night_(2011_film)) "-themed task, American actors Anton Yelchin (/wiki/Anton_Yelchin) and Christopher Mintz-Plasse (/wiki/Christopher_Mintz-Plasse) visited the house to present the winning housemates with tickets for a screening of their film (/wiki/Fright_Night_(2011_film)) . [21] (#cite_note-Latest_Pictures_from_the_House-22) On the Final Night, Pamela Anderson (/wiki/Pamela_Anderson) entered the house and took her place as celebrity houseguest alongside the main houseguests on Big Brother 2011 which launched the next day. [22] (#cite_note-Pamela_Anderson_enters_the_house-23) Summary [ edit ] Day 1 Entrances Kerry, Tara, Paddy, Amy, Darryn, Sally, Lucien, Pamela, Bobby, and Jedward entered the House. Twists Kerry was called to the Diary Room and given a secret task by Big Brother, which required her to be the biggest " diva (/wiki/Diva) " in the house. Her task required that she complete three mini tasks in order to pass, which were: to throw a tantrum, swap beds with another housemate then decide to swap back, and use the line "Don't you know who I am?" to three other housemates. [12] (#cite_note-Kerry_set_secret_mission-12) Day 2 Tasks Kerry continued her secret task. The remaining housemates were asked and had to vote individually who they thought was the "biggest diva" in the house. If the majority voted for her, she would pass. If not, she would be punished. Punishments As her fellow housemates selected Jedward as the "biggest diva", Kerry failed her task and as punishment, she was automatically put up for the first eviction of the series. [13] (#cite_note-Kerry_fails_secret_mission-13) Nominations Also from the failure of her task, Kerry was required to nominate two other housemates to join alongside her. She chose Bobby and Sally. Day 3 Entrances Mohammed Al-Fayed (/wiki/Mohammed_Al-Fayed) arrived in as a houseguest, to set the housemates an Egyptian (/wiki/Egyptian_culture) mummy (/wiki/Mummy_(corpse)) -themed task. [19] (#cite_note-Mohamed_Al-Fayed_sets_Big_Brother_Egyptian_task-20) (See tasks). Tasks The housemates were met in the garden, where Fayed (dressed up as a Pharaoh (/wiki/Pharaoh) ) acted as judge for the task. Firstly, they had to lie down on the ground and "rise from the dead" at the sound of a gong (/wiki/Gong) , whoever was the last left to rise was deemed the loser. [19] (#cite_note-Mohamed_Al-Fayed_sets_Big_Brother_Egyptian_task-20) Next, they played "Egyptian tomb" musical chairs to " Walk Like an Egyptian (/wiki/Walk_Like_an_Egyptian) ". Fayed selected Tara as the winner. Tara then dressed up as a Pharaoh and commanded her fellow housemates to kneel, bark, and hug each other. [19] (#cite_note-Mohamed_Al-Fayed_sets_Big_Brother_Egyptian_task-20) All housemates successfully passed the task, and were awarded with an Egyptian-themed party. Day 4 Tasks Housemates participated in a bed sheet (/wiki/Bed_sheet) catwalk fashion show, in reference to Sally's controversial photoshoot in the House of Commons (/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom) . [23] (#cite_note-24) Meanwhile, Bobby and Lucien were asked by Big Brother, to devise a fake task to fool the other housemates. [24] (#cite_note-25) They successfully passed the task in doing so. Day 5 Tasks Darryn was set a "shock horror" paparazzi (/wiki/Paparazzi) task, in which he was required to take five snapshots of the housemates that corresponded to the five matching headlines. [25] (#cite_note-26) These five headlines that were included in The Daily Grazzler were: 'Get Hoff Me' (with Lucien in his beach shorts frolicking (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/frolic) with Pamela), 'When Paddy met Sally' (Paddy and Sally sat together on a sofa, and Darryn secretly photographing from behind), 'Storm in a D-Cup' (Amy dressed in her bikini (/wiki/Bikini) holding a mug), 'Love is in the Air' (Lucien and Amy lounging in the garden with skimpy clothes on), and 'O Brother, Where art Thou?' (with one Jedward twin spotted alone). As Darryn managed to successfully capture all five photos, the housemates were awards with a paparazzi-themed party. [26] (#cite_note-27) [27] (#cite_note-28) Day 6 Tasks Jedward did a " shock (/wiki/Electric_shock) " task, in which the pair had to remain at least five metres apart from each other at all times or face getting zapped if they are too close. [28] (#cite_note-29) The boys then allowed their fellow housemates to get to know them as individuals. At the end, they reunited and were allowed back into their 'everyday clobber'. However, the other housemates had to answer questions by Big Brother, to see how well they really got to know the boys and were given one minute to work out who is John and who is Edward. Housemates successfully passed the task, and were awarded with a disco (/wiki/Disco) . Day 7 Tasks Big Brother set up its first shopping task, based on The Wizard of Oz (/wiki/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz) with the housemates playing characters from the story. [29] (#cite_note-‘Wizard_of_Oz’_shopping_task-30) The three nominated housemates: Bobby, Kerry, and Sally played Dorothy (/wiki/Dorothy_Gale) and each had the duty to nominate other housemates for the Oz-themed roles. [29] (#cite_note-‘Wizard_of_Oz’_shopping_task-30) Paddy was chosen to play Toto (/wiki/Toto_(Oz)) , Darryn had to play the Tinman (/wiki/Tinman) looking for a heart, Amy was nominated to play the Scarecrow (/wiki/Scarecrow_(Oz)) and won her knowledge-based task, Pamela was given the role of the Cowardly Lion (/wiki/Cowardly_Lion) , and Lucien was given the part of the Wicked Witch of the West (/wiki/The_Wicked_Witch_of_the_West) . [29] (#cite_note-‘Wizard_of_Oz’_shopping_task-30) As part of his role, Lucien had to avoid all contact with water excluding taking a shower, and had to drink a special "Wicked Witch's brew (/wiki/Brewery) ". He later passed this task. [29] (#cite_note-‘Wizard_of_Oz’_shopping_task-30) Jedward played the Munchkins (/wiki/Munchkins) . As part of their task, one Dorothy had to remain on the yellow brick road (/wiki/Yellow_brick_road) at all times. However, the Dorothy's ultimately failed their task thanks to Kerry stepping off the road for a cigarette (/wiki/Cigarette) . [29] (#cite_note-‘Wizard_of_Oz’_shopping_task-30) Darryn as Tinman showed he had a heart by giving up the chance to see his pet macaw (/wiki/Macaw) in order to let Tara hear a phone message from her husband, having completed 3 mini-tasks in total. [29] (#cite_note-‘Wizard_of_Oz’_shopping_task-30) Day 8 Tasks The Wizard of Oz -themed shopping task continued. [ citation needed ] Pamela passed a courage (/wiki/Courage) test by a magician (/wiki/Magic_(illusion)) in the Diary Room. Later on, Big Brother told all housemates that they had successfully passed the Wizard of Oz shopping task, by succeeding in passing 4 out of the 6 challenges making up the overall task. [29] (#cite_note-‘Wizard_of_Oz’_shopping_task-30) Day 9 Exits Sally became the first housemate to be evicted from the House. [17] (#cite_note-Sally_Bercow_evicted_from_Celebrity_Big_Brother-18) Day 10 Entrances Celebrity chef Marco Pierre White (/wiki/Marco_Pierre_White) arrived in a houseguest, in order to set the housemates a cooking task called "Big Brother's Big Cook-Off". (See tasks). Tasks Prior to the cooking task, the large task room was transformed into a cordon-bleu (/wiki/Le_Cordon_Bleu) kitchen. They did the task in pairs and had 30 minutes to prepare the dish to same standard as the Chef. White judged the version by Tara and Lucien's green team as the best, with Kerry and Paddy a close-runner-up. Bobby, Amy, and Darryn's blue team and Pamela's red team also performed well. Jedward's yellow team's effort was judged the worst. [30] (#cite_note-31) As a result of winning, Tara and Lucien were invited to a private dinner of steak (/wiki/Steak) and wine (/wiki/Wine) for two. Day 11 Nominations Darryn and Pamela received the most nominations from the housemates, and therefore faced the second eviction. [31] (#cite_note-32) Punishments As a result of Bobby and Tara discussing nominations, Big Brother warned the housemates that the hot water had been cut off. [32] (#cite_note-33) Day 12 Tasks Housemates were set a garlic (/wiki/Garlic) -based task. They were teamed into rival pairs and tasked to consume a variety of vomit-inducing garlic-based food and drink items for "vampire defence practice" in the small task room. The tasks were judged by referees dressed in bat costumes. The winners would get a golden ticket to the film show. Tara and Amy went first with garlic smoothies, Tara won. Darryn and Bobby were next eating garlic cereal, with Bobby winning confidently. Kerry and Pamela were served garlic chocolates, Pamela won. John competed against Edward with garlic jelly, John won. Lucien and Paddy vied for eating the most garlic ice-cream, in which Paddy was the winner. Most of the housemates became violently sick after the contest. [33] (#cite_note-34) The winners viewed the movie in the large task room with an audience of viewers who had won a Channel 5 (/wiki/Channel_5_(UK)) competition to join the screening dressed head-to-toe in skeleton outfits to hide their identities from the housemates. [21] (#cite_note-Latest_Pictures_from_the_House-22) Entrances The stars of Fright Night (/wiki/Fright_Night_(2011_film)) , Anton Yelchin (/wiki/Anton_Yelchin) and Christopher Mintz-Plasse (/wiki/Christopher_Mintz-Plasse) presented the winners with cinema tickets to see an exclusive viewing of the film. Edward was awarded a bonus ticket for eating a garlic kebab. Day 13 Tasks Big Brother set a task for the housemates, to pair up and one of them to be turned as an identical twin (/wiki/Identical_twin) . The four pairings were: Paddy and Kerry (Kerry dressed up as Paddy), Pamela and Bobby (Bobby dressed as Pamela), Darryn and Lucien (Lucien dressed as Darryn), and Amy and Tara (Tara dressed as Amy). Jedward were declared "Head Twins", and had to judge each pairing as they copied and mimicked each dominant (/wiki/Dominance_and_submission) twin. [34] (#cite_note-35) Day 14 Punishments Jedward received a punishment from Big Brother, for purposefully wrecking the bedroom and garden. [35] (#cite_note-36) Exits Pamela was the second housemate to be evicted from the House. Twists Shortly after her eviction, Pamela was asked which four housemates she would like to save from the next eviction. She chose Jedward, Kerry, Amy, and Paddy. [ citation needed ] Nominations Since Pamela saved Jedward, Kerry, Amy, and Paddy from the public vote, it was revealed that Bobby, Darryn, Lucien, and Tara had been nominated for the next eviction. [ citation needed ] Day 15 Tasks The housemates participated in their second shopping task, "Stuck in the Lidl with You". They first had to hold filled shopping bags with their arms outstretched until they fell. In the second part, Bobby and Kerry competed against Jedward in a trolley dash. [36] (#cite_note-37) Jedward won and were rewarded with choosing the week's shopping list. [37] (#cite_note-38) In a surprise twist, in part 3 of the task, Jedward "left" the house to do the shopping on the outside. [38] (#cite_note-39) Day 16 Entrances Jedward "re-entered" the house in the early hours of the morning, having been tasked in doing a 2.5 minute supermarket dash and grab to collect two trolley-loads of food for the house. The excitable pair woke up the house having brought home an assortment of food items including bananas, blueberries, bread and a leg of lamb and played with their massive stockpile of children's sweets they had purchased. Darryn moaned about their food choices. [39] (#cite_note-40) Tasks Amy was called to the Diary Room, where she was given her vajazzling (/wiki/Vajazzle) kit and instructed to turn the sunloungers into an Essex (/wiki/Essex) -style vajazzle (/wiki/Vajazzle) parlour. She decorated the other housemates with diamante (/wiki/Rhinestone) including a nervous Paddy. As a reward for completing the task, Amy got a visit from her pet pug, Prince Childs. [40] (#cite_note-41) Exits Tara became the third housemate to be evicted from the House. [18] (#cite_note-Tara_Reid_evicted_from_Celebrity_Big_Brother-19) Day 17 Tasks Big Brother announced that the task was for the house to divide into rival 1990s boy and girl bands in a task called 'Celebrity Battle of the Bands'. [41] (#cite_note-42) Darryn, Bobby, John and Paddy formed the Take That (/wiki/Take_That) tribute boyband "Take This" and Kerry, Edward, Lucien and Amy formed the girl group "KELA", with the boys in drag. [42] (#cite_note-43) The bands were tasked to record a dance and singing routine to be posted on the show's website with the winner selected by public vote. The winner would be revealed on the night of Day 18. [43] (#cite_note-44) Day 18 Tasks The 'Celebrity Battle of the Bands' task continued. "Take This" ultimately won. [44] (#cite_note-45) The rival bands were then set a "face off" task, trying to keep a fixed smile while keeping still and staring out their opponents with their eyes fixed ahead. After the others were dismissed as fails by Big Brother, Lucien and John were the final grinning housemates. John won the task after Lucien rolled his eyes after 1 hour 46 minutes of frozen gurning (/wiki/Gurning) . Day 19 Tasks The housemates participated in a task, which required them to sort M&M's (/wiki/M%26M%27s) into their separate colours. [45] (#cite_note-46) Day 20 Tasks Housemates were tasked with assembling their dream pizza (/wiki/Pizza) in the garden, while being suspended from bungee ropes (/wiki/Bungee_jumping) . Next, they took part in a "Pizza Run", where each of them were placed in a giant inflatable (/wiki/Inflatable) . Big Brother announced that Jedward, Bobby and Paddy's team had won the pizza task. They were rewarded with chicken (/wiki/Chicken_(food)) , pineapple (/wiki/Pineapple) and pepperoni (/wiki/Pepperoni) pizzas like the ones they made for the task. [46] (#cite_note-47) Day 22 Exits Bobby left in seventh place. Darryn followed up in sixth, whilst Lucien positioned fifth. Amy was evicted into fourth place. Jedward finished 3rd. Paddy was announced as the winner of the series, meaning Kerry was the runner-up. [5] (#cite_note-Paddy_Wins_Celebrity_BB!-5) Entrances Pamela Anderson (/wiki/Pamela_Anderson) entered the house as a houseguest, to join the twelfth regular series (/wiki/Big_Brother_12_(UK)) , which launched the night after. [22] (#cite_note-Pamela_Anderson_enters_the_house-23) Nominations table [ edit ] Day 2 Day 11 Day 14 Day 22 Final Nominations received Paddy Not eligible Bobby, Pamela No nominations Winner (Day 22) 0 Kerry Bobby, Sally Pamela, Tara No nominations Runner-up (Day 22) 0 Jedward Not eligible Lucien, Darryn No nominations Third place (Day 22) 0 Amy Not eligible Pamela, Bobby No nominations Fourth place (Day 22) 0 Lucien Not eligible Pamela, Darryn No nominations Fifth place (Day 22) 1 Darryn Not eligible Pamela, Tara No nominations Sixth place (Day 22) 5 Bobby Not eligible Pamela, Darryn No nominations Seventh place (Day 22) 4 Tara Not eligible Pamela, Darryn No nominations Evicted (Day 16) 2 Pamela Not eligible Darryn, Bobby Amy, Jedward, Kerry, Paddy Evicted (Day 14) 7 Sally Not eligible Evicted (Day 9) 1 Notes 1 (#endnote_1) none 2 (#endnote_2) 3 (#endnote_3) Against public vote Bobby, Kerry, Sally Darryn, Pamela Bobby, Darryn, Lucien, Tara Amy, Bobby, Darryn, Jedward, Kerry, Lucien, Paddy Evicted Sally Fewest votes to save Pamela Fewest votes to save Tara Fewest votes to save Bobby Fewest votes (out of 7) Darryn Fewest votes (out of 6) Lucien Fewest votes (out of 5) Amy Fewest votes (out of 4) Jedward Fewest votes (out of 3) Kerry Fewest votes (out of 2) Paddy Most votes to win Notes [ edit ] ^Note 1 (#ref_1) : Because Kerry failed her secret task, she was automatically nominated for eviction. She also had to nominate two people that night. ^Note 2 (#ref_2) : After her eviction, Pamela was asked by Brian to choose four housemates to save from the next eviction, she chose Jedward, Amy, Paddy and Kerry. The remaining four housemates were put up for eviction. ^Note 3 (#ref_3) : This week the public were voting for the housemate they wanted to win rather than to save. Ratings [ edit ] The launch show received 5.3 million viewers, a 21.9% launch share, and also peaked at 8 million, winning its time slot. It gave Channel 5 its highest-ever audience outside of sports programmes and films, and one of its top five ratings of all time. [47] (#cite_note-48) Official viewers (millions) Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Saturday 3.15 2.24 1.94 Sunday 2.47 2.54 2.77 Monday 2.69 2.63 2.69 Tuesday 2.84 2.69 2.4 Wednesday 2.92 2.61 2.46 Thursday 5.27 2.88 2.45 3.23 Friday 3.37 3.04 2.63 Weekly average 3.18 2.54 2.58 Running average 3.18 2.86 2.77 Series average 2.81 blue-coloured (/wiki/Azure_(color)#Light_sky_blue) boxes denote live shows. References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Big Brother 2011 Launch Date Revealed" (https://www.theguardian.com/media/mediamonkeyblog/2011/aug/03/big-brother-2011-launch-date) . Guardian Online. 3 August 2011 . Retrieved 19 August 2011 . ^ a b "Marcus Bentley to have bigger role – promises flashbacks and new format" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120404182503/http://www.unrealitytv.co.uk/celebrity-big-brother/celebrity-big-brother-2011-marcus-bentley-to-have-bigger-role-promises-flashbacks-and-new-format/) . Unreality TV. 20 August 2011. Archived from the original (http://www.unrealitytv.co.uk/celebrity-big-brother/celebrity-big-brother-2011-marcus-bentley-to-have-bigger-role-promises-flashbacks-and-new-format/) on 4 April 2012 . Retrieved 13 August 2011 . ^ a b "Channel 5 confirms Celebrity Big Brother launch date" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120725231953/http://www.insidebigbrother.net/news/0308/channel-5-confirms-cbb-launch-date.ibb) . Inside Big Brother. 3 August 2011. Archived from the original (http://www.insidebigbrother.net/news/0308/channel-5-confirms-cbb-launch-date.ibb) on 25 July 2012 . Retrieved 19 August 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) Freederm confirmed as BB11 sponsors (http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/tv/s149/big-brother/news/a332387/big-brother-secures-sponsorship-from-skincare-brand-freederm.html) . Digital Spy (29 July 2011). Retrieved on 29 July 2011. ^ a b c d e f g h "Paddy Wins Celebrity BB!" (http://www.thisisbigbrother.com/celebrity-bb/news-183995/paddy-wins-celebrity-bb.html) . 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Retrieved 24 August 2011 . ^ a b c d e f g " (https://web.archive.org/web/20120725232043/http://www.insidebigbrother.net/news/2508/update-%E2%80%98wizard-of-oz%E2%80%99-shopping-task.ibb) 'Wizard of Oz' shopping task" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120725232043/http://www.insidebigbrother.net/news/2508/update-%E2%80%98wizard-of-oz%E2%80%99-shopping-task.ibb) . Inside Big Brother. 25 August 2011. Archived from the original (http://www.insidebigbrother.net/news/2508/update-%E2%80%98wizard-of-oz%E2%80%99-shopping-task.ibb) on 25 July 2012 . Retrieved 28 August 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) "Tara and Lucien win Marco's cook-off task" (http://www.bbspy.co.uk/news/0827/tara-and-lucien-win-marco-pierre-white-cook-off-task) . BB Spy. 27 August 2011 . Retrieved 29 August 2011 . [ permanent dead link ] ^ (#cite_ref-32) "Darryn and Pamela face eviction" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120725232058/http://www.insidebigbrother.net/news/2808/darryn-and-pamela-face-eviction.ibb) . Inside Big Brother. 29 August 2011. Archived from the original (http://www.insidebigbrother.net/news/2808/darryn-and-pamela-face-eviction.ibb) on 25 July 2012 . Retrieved 29 August 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) "Group punished for nominations talk" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120725232106/http://www.insidebigbrother.net/news/2908/housemates-punished-for-nominations-talk.ibb) . Inside Big Brother. 29 August 2011. Archived from the original (http://www.insidebigbrother.net/news/2908/housemates-punished-for-nominations-talk.ibb) on 25 July 2012 . Retrieved 29 August 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-34) "Garlic 'Fright Night' task revealed" (http://totalbigbrother.com/news/fright-night-task-revealed.tbb) . Total Big Brother. 29 August 2011 . Retrieved 31 August 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-35) "Amy Childs, Tara Reid become lookalike twins" (http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/tv/s150/celebrity-big-brother/news/a337976/celebrity-big-brother-amy-childs-tara-reid-become-lookalike-twins-in-pictures.html) . Digital Spy. 31 August 2011 . Retrieved 31 August 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-36) "Day 14 in the Celebrity Big Brother house" (http://totalbigbrother.com/news/day-14-in-the-celebrity-big-brother-house.tbb) . Total Big Brother. 1 September 2011 . Retrieved 6 September 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-37) "Latest shopping task in pictures" (http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/tv/s150/celebrity-big-brother/news/a338295/celebrity-big-brother-latest-shopping-task-in-pictures.html) . Digital Spy. 2 September 2011 . Retrieved 6 September 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-38) "Day 15: Task Part 2 'Alley Tumble' (http://www.channel5.com/shows/celebrity-big-brother/clips/day-15-task-part-2-alley-tumble) " (http://www.channel5.com/shows/celebrity-big-brother/clips/day-15-task-part-2-alley-tumble) . Channel 5 . Retrieved 6 September 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-39) "Day 15: Task Part 3: JEDWARD LEAVE THE HOUSE" (http://www.channel5.com/shows/celebrity-big-brother/clips/day-15-task-part-3-jedward-leave-the-house) . Channel 5 . Retrieved 6 September 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-40) "Jedward return to the house" (http://totalbigbrother.com/news/jedward-return-to-the-house.tbb) . Total Big Brother. 2 September 2011 . Retrieved 6 September 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-41) "Celebrity Big Brother 2011: Amy Childs given new vajazzling task" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120404182525/http://www.unrealitytv.co.uk/celebrity-big-brother/celebrity-big-brother-2011-amy-childs-given-new-vajazzling-task/) . UnrealityTV. 2 September 2011. Archived from the original (http://www.unrealitytv.co.uk/celebrity-big-brother/celebrity-big-brother-2011-amy-childs-given-new-vajazzling-task/) on 4 April 2012 . Retrieved 6 September 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-42) "Day 17: Celebrity Battle of the bands" (http://www.channel5.com/shows/celebrity-big-brother/clips/day-17-celebrity-battle-of-the-bands) . Channel 5 . Retrieved 6 September 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-43) "Day 17: The Girl Band Gets The Money Shots" (http://www.channel5.com/shows/celebrity-big-brother/clips/day-17-the-girl-band-get-the-money-shots) . Channel 5 . Retrieved 6 September 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-44) "Day 17: Celebrity battle of the bands" (http://www.channel5.com/shows/celebrity-big-brother/clips/day-17-celebrity-battle-of-the-bands) . Channel 5 . Retrieved 6 September 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-45) "Day 18: Battle of the Band winner announced" (http://www.channel5.com/shows/celebrity-big-brother/clips/day-18-battle-of-the-band-winner-announced) . Channel 5 . Retrieved 6 September 2011 . ^ (#cite_ref-46) "Day 19: Bobby showers the house with advice and sweeties" (http://www.channel5.com/shows/celebrity-big-brother/clips/day-19-bobby-showers-the-house-with-advice-and-sweeties) . Channel 5 . 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External links [ edit ] Official website (https://web.archive.org/web/20120719050603/http://www.channel5.com/bigbrother) Celebrity Big Brother at IMDb (/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)) WikiMiniAtlas 51°39′23″N 0°16′02″W  /  51.65639°N 0.26722°W  / 51.65639; -0.26722 v t e Big Brother UK (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)) Big Brother Series 1 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_1) 2 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_2) 3 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_3) 4 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_4) 5 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_5) 6 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_6) 7 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_7) 8 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_8) 9 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_9) 10 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_10) 11 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_11) 12 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_12) 13 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_13) 14 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_14) 15 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_15) 16 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_16) 17 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_17) 18 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_18) 19 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_19) 20 (/wiki/Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_20) 21 (/w/index.php?title=Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_21&action=edit&redlink=1) Housemates (/wiki/List_of_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_housemates) Winners Craig Phillips (/wiki/Craig_Phillips) Brian Dowling (/wiki/Brian_Dowling_(presenter)) Kate Lawler (/wiki/Kate_Lawler) Cameron Stout (/wiki/Cameron_Stout) Nadia Almada (/wiki/Nadia_Almada) Anthony Hutton Pete Bennett (/wiki/Pete_Bennett) Brian Belo (/wiki/Brian_Belo) Rachel Rice (/wiki/Rachel_Rice) Sophie Reade Josie Gibson (/wiki/Josie_Gibson) Aaron Allard-Morgan (/wiki/Aaron_Allard-Morgan) Luke Anderson Sam Evans (/wiki/Sam_Evans_(television_personality)) Helen Wood (/wiki/Helen_Wood_(television_personality)) Chloe Wilburn Jason Burrill Isabelle Warburton Cameron Cole Jordan Sangha Other housemates Anna Nolan (/wiki/Anna_Nolan) Nick Bateman (/wiki/Nick_Bateman_(television_personality)) Helen Adams (/wiki/Helen_Adams) Jade Goody (/wiki/Jade_Goody) Alison Hammond (/wiki/Alison_Hammond) Adele Roberts (/wiki/Adele_Roberts) Ray Shah (/wiki/Ray_Shah) Jon Tickle (/wiki/Jon_Tickle) Michelle Bass (/wiki/Michelle_Bass) Derek Laud (/wiki/Derek_Laud) Aisleyne Horgan-Wallace (/wiki/Aisleyne_Horgan-Wallace) Richard Newman (/wiki/Richard_Newman_(broadcaster)) Glyn Wise (/wiki/Glyn_Wise) Nikki Grahame (/wiki/Nikki_Grahame) Imogen Thomas (/wiki/Imogen_Thomas) Sam and Amanda Marchant (/wiki/Samanda) Ziggy Lichman (/wiki/Ziggy_Lichman) Chanelle Hayes (/wiki/Chanelle_Hayes) Thaila Zucchi (/wiki/Thaila_Zucchi) Sam Pepper (/wiki/Sam_Pepper) JJ Bird (/wiki/JJ_Bird) Jemma Palmer (/wiki/Jemma_Palmer) Deana Uppal (/wiki/Deana_Uppal) Zoe Birkett (/wiki/Zoe_Birkett) Pauline Bennett (/wiki/Pauline_Bennett) Eileen Daly (/wiki/Eileen_Daly) Marco Pierre White Jr (/wiki/Marco_Pierre_White_Jr) Laura Carter (/wiki/Laura_Carter_(actress)) Lateysha Grace (/wiki/Lateysha_Grace) Andrew Tate (/wiki/Andrew_Tate) Rebecca Jane (/wiki/Rebecca_Jane) Noky Simbani (/wiki/Noky_Simbani) Celebrity (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)) Big Brother (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)) Series 1 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_1) 2 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_2) 3 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_3) 4 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_4) 5 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_5) 6 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_6) 7 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_7) 8 9 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_9) 10 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_10) 11 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_11) 12 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_12) 13 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_13) 14 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_14) 15 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_15) 16 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_16) 17 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_17) 18 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_18) 19 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_19) 20 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_20) 21 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_21) 22 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_22) 23 (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_series_23) Winners Jack Dee (/wiki/Jack_Dee) Mark Owen (/wiki/Mark_Owen) Bez (/wiki/Bez_(dancer)) Chantelle Houghton (/wiki/Chantelle_Houghton) Shilpa Shetty (/wiki/Shilpa_Shetty) Ulrika Jonsson (/wiki/Ulrika_Jonsson) Alex Reid (/wiki/Alex_Reid_(fighter)) Paddy Doherty (/wiki/Paddy_Doherty_(TV_personality)) Denise Welch (/wiki/Denise_Welch) Julian Clary (/wiki/Julian_Clary) Rylan Clark (/wiki/Rylan_Clark) Charlotte Crosby (/wiki/Charlotte_Crosby) Jim Davidson (/wiki/Jim_Davidson) Gary Busey (/wiki/Gary_Busey) Katie Price (/wiki/Katie_Price) James Hill (/wiki/James_Hill_(TV_personality)) Scotty T (/wiki/Scotty_T) Stephen Bear (/wiki/Stephen_Bear) Coleen Nolan (/wiki/Coleen_Nolan) Sarah Harding (/wiki/Sarah_Harding) Shane Jenek/Courtney Act (/wiki/Courtney_Act) Ryan Thomas (/wiki/Ryan_Thomas) David Potts (/wiki/David_Potts_(TV_personality)) Other housemates Celebrity Big Brother housemates (/wiki/List_of_Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_housemates) Special Teen (/wiki/Teen_Big_Brother:_The_Experiment) Panto (/wiki/Big_Brother_Panto) Celebrity Hijack (/wiki/Big_Brother:_Celebrity_Hijack) Ultimate (/wiki/Ultimate_Big_Brother) Related articles List of shows (/wiki/List_of_Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)_shows) Elementfour (/wiki/Elementfour) ( Theme song (/wiki/Big_Brother_UK_TV_Theme) ) Celebrity Big Brother racism controversy (/wiki/Celebrity_Big_Brother_(British_series_5)_racism_controversy) Dead Set (/wiki/Dead_Set) " Bad Wolf (/wiki/Bad_Wolf) " Category (/wiki/Category:Big_Brother_(British_TV_series)) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐5c57c99494‐rwg7x Cached time: 20240716061612 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.686 seconds Real time usage: 0.868 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 5742/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 165706/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 11953/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 22/100 Expensive parser function count: 9/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 193227/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.387/10.000 seconds Lua memory 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Asia portal (/wiki/Portal:Asia) See also: Category:Fashion by country (/wiki/Category:Fashion_by_country) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐79cbf896bd‐dsthl Cached time: 20240708080242 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.041 seconds Real time usage: 0.060 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 36/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1047/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 7/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 1367/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.021/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 794772/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 50.398 1 -total 65.93% 33.227 1 Template:Portal 33.85% 17.059 1 Template:Cat_see_also 10.22% 5.148 1 Template:Category_see_also/Category_pair_check Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:30505421-0!canonical and timestamp 20240708080242 and revision id 1217104825. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Subcategories This category has the following 18 subcategories, out of 18 total. B Bhutanese clothing (/wiki/Category:Bhutanese_clothing) ‎ (8 P) Burmese clothing (/wiki/Category:Burmese_clothing) ‎ (3 C, 9 P) C Cambodian clothing (/wiki/Category:Cambodian_clothing) ‎ (8 P) Chinese clothing (/wiki/Category:Chinese_clothing) ‎ (5 C, 18 P) Clothing of the Ottoman Empire (/wiki/Category:Clothing_of_the_Ottoman_Empire) ‎ (21 P) I Indian clothing (/wiki/Category:Indian_clothing) ‎ (10 C, 112 P) Indonesian clothing (/wiki/Category:Indonesian_clothing) ‎ (3 C, 21 P) J Japanese clothing (/wiki/Category:Japanese_clothing) ‎ (9 C, 19 P) K Korean clothing (/wiki/Category:Korean_clothing) ‎ (4 C, 40 P) L Laotian clothing (/wiki/Category:Laotian_clothing) ‎ (4 P) M Malay clothing (/wiki/Category:Malay_clothing) ‎ (16 P) Middle Eastern clothing (/wiki/Category:Middle_Eastern_clothing) ‎ (8 C, 28 P) N Nepalese clothing (/wiki/Category:Nepalese_clothing) ‎ (13 P) P Philippine clothing (/wiki/Category:Philippine_clothing) ‎ (2 C, 23 P) S Sri Lankan clothing (/wiki/Category:Sri_Lankan_clothing) ‎ (2 C, 11 P) T Thai clothing (/wiki/Category:Thai_clothing) ‎ (2 C, 13 P) Tibetan clothing (/wiki/Category:Tibetan_clothing) ‎ (3 P) V Vietnamese clothing (/wiki/Category:Vietnamese_clothing) ‎ (3 C, 14 P) Pages in category "History of Asian clothing" The following 118 pages are in this category, out of 118 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . A Abacá (/wiki/Abac%C3%A1) Afghan clothing (/wiki/Afghan_clothing) Áo bà ba (/wiki/%C3%81o_b%C3%A0_ba) Áo dài (/wiki/%C3%81o_d%C3%A0i) Áo gấm (/wiki/%C3%81o_g%E1%BA%A5m) Áo giao lĩnh (/wiki/%C3%81o_giao_l%C4%A9nh) Áo tứ thân (/wiki/%C3%81o_t%E1%BB%A9_th%C3%A2n) Argon (clothing) (/wiki/Argon_(clothing)) B Bahag (garment) (/wiki/Bahag_(garment)) Baju Kurung (/wiki/Baju_Kurung) Baju Melayu (/wiki/Baju_Melayu) Barong tagalog (/wiki/Barong_tagalog) Baro't saya (/wiki/Baro%27t_saya) Biblical clothing (/wiki/Biblical_clothing) Buntal hat (/wiki/Buntal_hat) Burqa (/wiki/Burqa) Burqa by country (/wiki/Burqa_by_country) C Khmer traditional clothing (/wiki/Khmer_traditional_clothing) Chador (/wiki/Chador) Cheongsam (/wiki/Cheongsam) Chinese academic dress (/wiki/Chinese_academic_dress) Chuba (/wiki/Chuba) Clothing in ancient Shu (/wiki/Clothing_in_ancient_Shu) Clothing in India (/wiki/Clothing_in_India) Asian conical hat (/wiki/Asian_conical_hat) D Dolman (/wiki/Dolman) Dudou (/wiki/Dudou) Dupatta (/wiki/Dupatta) F Fashion in the Jurchen Jin dynasty (/wiki/Fashion_in_the_Jurchen_Jin_dynasty) Fashion in the Liao dynasty (/wiki/Fashion_in_the_Liao_dynasty) Fashion in the Yuan dynasty (/wiki/Fashion_in_the_Yuan_dynasty) Fashion in Western Xia (/wiki/Fashion_in_Western_Xia) Fez (hat) (/wiki/Fez_(hat)) Formal Thai national costume (/wiki/Formal_Thai_national_costume) G Ginza Motoji (/wiki/Ginza_Motoji) Gugu hat (/wiki/Gugu_hat) H Hakama (/wiki/Hakama) Hanfu (/wiki/Hanfu) Hanfu Movement (/wiki/Hanfu_Movement) History of clothing in the Indian subcontinent (/wiki/History_of_clothing_in_the_Indian_subcontinent) Antariya (/wiki/Antariya) Uttariya (/wiki/Uttariya) History of Thai clothing (/wiki/History_of_Thai_clothing) I Indo-Western clothing (/wiki/Indo-Western_clothing) Islamic veiling practices by country (/wiki/Islamic_veiling_practices_by_country) Izaar (/wiki/Izaar) J Jaapi (/wiki/Jaapi) Jisün (/wiki/Jis%C3%BCn) K Kaftan (/wiki/Kaftan) Kallawtah (/wiki/Kallawtah) Kalpak (/wiki/Kalpak) Kazakh clothing (/wiki/Kazakh_clothing) Kebaya (/wiki/Kebaya) Keffiyeh (/wiki/Keffiyeh) Kemben (/wiki/Kemben) Kerikam (/wiki/Kerikam) Khalili Collection of Kimono (/wiki/Khalili_Collection_of_Kimono) Khara dupatta (/wiki/Khara_dupatta) Khata (/wiki/Khata) Kimono (/wiki/Kimono) Kippah (/wiki/Kippah) Kokumin-fuku (/wiki/Kokumin-fuku) Kullu shawl (/wiki/Kullu_shawl) Kupiah (/wiki/Kupiah) L Lehenga (/wiki/Lehenga) Liangmao (/wiki/Liangmao) Luanchari (/wiki/Luanchari) Lungi (/wiki/Lungi) M Malahai (/wiki/Malahai) Malaysian cultural outfits (/wiki/Malaysian_cultural_outfits) Malong (/wiki/Malong) Maria Clara gown (/wiki/Maria_Clara_gown) Mundum neriyatum (/wiki/Mundum_neriyatum) N Newar traditional clothing (/wiki/Newar_traditional_clothing) O Obi (sash) (/wiki/Obi_(sash)) Ottoman clothing (/wiki/Ottoman_clothing) P Pajamas (/wiki/Pajamas) Pashtun clothing (/wiki/Pashtun_clothing) Patadyong (/wiki/Patadyong) Pathani suit (/wiki/Pathani_suit) Pathin (/wiki/Pathin) Peranakan beaded slippers (/wiki/Peranakan_beaded_slippers) Persian embroidery (/wiki/Persian_embroidery) Phrygian cap (/wiki/Phrygian_cap) Piña (/wiki/Pi%C3%B1a) Poncho (/wiki/Poncho) Popular fashion in ancient China (/wiki/Popular_fashion_in_ancient_China) R Raj pattern (/wiki/Raj_pattern) Round collar robe (/wiki/Round_collar_robe) S Samping (/wiki/Samping) Saraquj (/wiki/Saraquj) Sarashi (/wiki/Sarashi) Sari (/wiki/Sari) Sari-inspired dress (/wiki/Sari-inspired_dress) Sarong (/wiki/Sarong) Sbai (/wiki/Sbai) Sharbush (/wiki/Sharbush) Shawl (/wiki/Shawl) History of silk (/wiki/History_of_silk) Silk Road Fashion (/wiki/Silk_Road_Fashion) Songket (/wiki/Songket) Songket Minangkabau (/wiki/Songket_Minangkabau) Songkok (/wiki/Songkok) T T'nalak (/wiki/T%27nalak) Tapis (Philippine clothing) (/wiki/Tapis_(Philippine_clothing)) Tasuki (sash) (/wiki/Tasuki_(sash)) Termeh (/wiki/Termeh) Thawb (/wiki/Thawb) Tiraz (/wiki/Tiraz) Tocharian clothing (/wiki/Tocharian_clothing) Traditional Chinese wedding dress (/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_wedding_dress) Tudong (/wiki/Tudong) Turban (/wiki/Turban) Types of hijab (/wiki/Types_of_hijab) U Uzbek clothing (/wiki/Uzbek_clothing) W White clothing in Korea (/wiki/White_clothing_in_Korea) Wild silk (/wiki/Wild_silk) Y Yếm (/wiki/Y%E1%BA%BFm) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:History_of_Asian_clothing&oldid=1217104825 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:History_of_Asian_clothing&oldid=1217104825) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : History of clothing (/wiki/Category:History_of_clothing) Culture of Asia (/wiki/Category:Culture_of_Asia) History of Asia by topic (/wiki/Category:History_of_Asia_by_topic)
Brazilian fashion designer (born 1972) Lorenzo Merlino (born 1972, in São Paulo (/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo) , Brazil (/wiki/Brazil) ) is a Brazilian fashion designer (/wiki/Fashion_designer) . Lorenzo Merlino Biography [ edit ] Merlino appeared on the market in the 1990s and later gained the international market as well. He started college at the Faculdade Santa Marcelina (/w/index.php?title=Faculdade_Santa_Marcelina&action=edit&redlink=1) in 1991 and finished in 1994 with a collection that was recognized by the press at the time. Before that he went to the finals of the Smirnoff International Fashion Awards (/w/index.php?title=Smirnoff_International_Fashion_Awards&action=edit&redlink=1) contest in 1993. A year after the graduation, he presented his collection in São Paulo (/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo) Hilton Hotel (/wiki/Hilton_Hotel) . In 1995 went to Paris (/wiki/Paris) after Marie Rucki (/w/index.php?title=Marie_Rucki&action=edit&redlink=1) , Studio Berçot (/wiki/Studio_Ber%C3%A7ot) 's director, invited him to study there. When he got back to Brazil (/wiki/Brazil) , Lorenzo created his trademark that received his own name and with some others young fashion designers (/wiki/Fashion_designer) started Semana de Moda - Casa de Criadores , where he presented his creations from April 1997 until March 1999. [1] (#cite_note-POLLINI-1) [2] (#cite_note-WOLFENSON-2) [3] (#cite_note-UOL-3) [4] (#cite_note-RIACHUELO-4) Merlino choose then to present his collections independently. During that time, Merlino became the first Brazilian fashion designer to be represented in a showroom in Paris, being covered by the international press. Among those publications are The Face (/wiki/The_Face_(magazine)) , Elle (/wiki/Elle_(magazine)) , View on colour (/w/index.php?title=View_on_colour&action=edit&redlink=1) , I-D (/wiki/I-D) , Tank , Jalouse (/wiki/Jalouse) , Libération (/wiki/Lib%C3%A9ration) , and L'Officiel (/wiki/L%27Officiel) . The pop star Madonna (/wiki/Madonna_(entertainer)) bought a dress signed by Lorenzo at the time. In 2000, he was the only Brazilian invited by Tencel (/wiki/Tencel) to participate, with other seven fashion designers, of a fashion show sponsored by the company, that took place during the official New York Fashion Week (/wiki/New_York_Fashion_Week) . The event was called Os Modernistas . [5] (#cite_note-PACCE-5) [6] (#cite_note-BRAGA-6) Merlino had a brief return to the Semana de Moda and right after was invited by the commission formed with press members specialized in the fashion area to participate in the São Paulo Fashion Week (/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Fashion_Week) , the most important Brazilian fashion show, during 2002 summer edition. This was the first year where this special commission was in charge of choosing the new fashion designers that would enter the show. His international career maintained on track during 2003 to 2005 when his creations were present at a New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) showroom called Opening Ceremony . In 2004, the American magazine Index (/wiki/Index_Magazine) published an article electing the five most prominent young fashion designers of the world and his name was selected. [1] (#cite_note-POLLINI-1) [2] (#cite_note-WOLFENSON-2) [5] (#cite_note-PACCE-5) [6] (#cite_note-BRAGA-6) Inside the Brazilian market, Merlino has licensed a series of products in partnership with some brand names in the local market. With C&A (/wiki/C%26A) he developed uniforms for the Pinacoteca do Estado de São Paulo (/wiki/Pinacoteca_do_Estado_de_S%C3%A3o_Paulo) 's employees and that gave him the opportunity to show his SPFW (/wiki/SPFW) collection there. He signed during two years a line of bags for Le Postiche (/w/index.php?title=Le_Postiche&action=edit&redlink=1) , shoes for Vizzano (/w/index.php?title=Vizzano&action=edit&redlink=1) , cellphone accessories for Motorola (/wiki/Motorola) and a men's collection for Riachuelo (/wiki/Lojas_Riachuelo) . Other brands are Grendene (/wiki/Grendene) , Speedo (/wiki/Speedo) , VR São Paulo (/w/index.php?title=VR_S%C3%A3o_Paulo&action=edit&redlink=1) , Melissa and Diadora (/wiki/Diadora) . [1] (#cite_note-POLLINI-1) [3] (#cite_note-UOL-3) [4] (#cite_note-RIACHUELO-4) [7] (#cite_note-BIANCO-7) His academic life includes a graduation in Art History, finished in 2013. He taught Brazilian colleges is in charge of the Fashion Project classes at Fundação Armando Alvares Penteado (/wiki/Funda%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Armando_Alvares_Penteado) - FAAP. He also teaches at Escola São Paulo (/w/index.php?title=Escola_S%C3%A3o_Paulo&action=edit&redlink=1) . [1] (#cite_note-POLLINI-1) [3] (#cite_note-UOL-3) [4] (#cite_note-RIACHUELO-4) References [ edit ] ^ a b c d POLLINI, Denise. "Moda no Brasil: criadores contemporâneos e memórias." FAAP, São Paulo, 2012. ^ a b WOLFENSON, Bob e BORGES, Paulo. "Moda no Brasil por Brasileiros." Cosac & Naify, São Paulo, 2003, p.59 ^ a b c "Uol Estilo" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120721154137/http://estilo.uol.com.br/moda/estilistas/lorenzo_merlino.jhtm) . Archived from the original (http://estilo.uol.com.br/moda/estilistas/lorenzo_merlino.jhtm) on 2012-07-21 . Retrieved 2013-02-13 . ^ a b c "Riachuelo" (https://web.archive.org/web/20121001003413/http://riachuelo.com.br/lorenzo-merlino/) . Archived from the original (http://riachuelo.com.br/lorenzo-merlino/) on 2012-10-01 . Retrieved 2013-02-13 . ^ a b PACCE, Lilian. "Pelo Mundo da Moda – Criadores, grifes e modelos." Editora Senac, São Paulo, 2008. ^ a b BRAGA, João e PRADO, Luís André do. "História da Moda no Brasil – das influências às autorreferências." Pyxis Editorial, São Paulo, 2011. ^ (#cite_ref-BIANCO_7-0) BIANCO, Giovanni. "O Brasil na Moda – Volume II." Caras, São Paulo, 2003. External links [ edit ] https://web.archive.org/web/20120721154137/http://estilo.uol.com.br/moda/estilistas/lorenzo_merlino.jhtm (https://web.archive.org/web/20120721154137/http://estilo.uol.com.br/moda/estilistas/lorenzo_merlino.jhtm) https://web.archive.org/web/20121001003413/http://riachuelo.com.br/lorenzo-merlino/ (https://web.archive.org/web/20121001003413/http://riachuelo.com.br/lorenzo-merlino/) http://lorenzomerlino.com (http://lorenzomerlino.com) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐77448c77dd‐qc67p Cached time: 20240709161140 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.214 seconds Real time usage: 1.040 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 463/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3914/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 753/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 11533/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.119/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3518716/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 957.605 1 -total 63.79% 610.832 1 Template:Short_description 49.74% 476.315 3 Template:Main_other 49.45% 473.526 1 Template:SDcat 18.89% 180.901 1 Template:Reflist 16.14% 154.545 1 Template:Authority_control 15.85% 151.786 2 Template:Cite_web 4.71% 45.138 2 Template:Pagetype 0.25% 2.399 1 Template:Short_description/lowercasecheck Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:38737130-0!canonical and timestamp 20240709161140 and revision id 1017004065. 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1894 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1894) 1895 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1895) 1896 1897 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1897) 1898 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1898) 1899 1900 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1900) 1901 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1901) 1902 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1902) 1903 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1903) 1904 (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1904) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐bbb5c5448‐xc964 Cached time: 20240718083025 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.074 seconds Real time usage: 0.127 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 39/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 1920/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 5/100 Expensive parser function count: 13/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3073/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.056/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 933191/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 99.616 1 Template:Navseasoncats 100.00% 99.616 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:56582355-0!canonical and timestamp 20240718083025 and revision id 974951389. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Clothing companies established in 1899" This category contains only the following page. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . H Hickey Freeman (/wiki/Hickey_Freeman) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1899&oldid=974951389 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_1899&oldid=974951389) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 1890s fashion (/wiki/Category:1890s_fashion) Design companies established in 1899 (/wiki/Category:Design_companies_established_in_1899) Clothing companies by year of establishment (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_by_year_of_establishment) Manufacturing companies established in 1899 (/wiki/Category:Manufacturing_companies_established_in_1899) Clothing companies established in the 19th century (/wiki/Category:Clothing_companies_established_in_the_19th_century)
Russian fashion designer and photographer Gosha Rubchinskiy Born ( 1984-06-29 ) 29 June 1984 (age 40) Moscow, Russian SFSR (/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic) , Soviet Union (/wiki/Soviet_Union) Other names Гоша Рубчинский Education Moscow College of Technology and Design Label GOSHA RUBCHINSKIY (ГОША РУБЧИНСКИЙ) Georgiy Aleksandrovich Rubchinskiy (Russian: Георгий Александрович Рубчинский ; born 29 June 1984), known as Gosha Rubchinskiy (Russian: Гоша Рубчинский ), is a Russian fashion designer, photographer and the founder of his eponymous brand (ГОША РУБЧИНСКИЙ). [1] (#cite_note-1) Rubchinskiy takes inspiration from the fall of the Iron Curtain (/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union) , Russian street and youth culture, and his experiences to create his collections, pushing Russian iconography, both past and present, onto the world stage through his runway shows (/wiki/Runway_show) and his imagery. Early life [ edit ] Rubchinskiy was born in Moscow in 1984 to a Russian family and later attended the Moscow College of Technology and Design. [2] (#cite_note-2) Rubchinskiy wanted to work in fashion at a young age, and in college began hairdressing and makeup, which put him in the fashion circles of Russia. [3] (#cite_note-3) Brand [ edit ] Referencing Ronald Reagan (/wiki/Ronald_Reagan) 's Cold War (/wiki/Cold_War) -description of the USSR (/wiki/USSR) , Rubchinskiy's first collection, Empire of Evil was presented at the end of 2008 for SS/09. His second collection, Growing and Expanding , was shown in a disused Orthodox church-turned-gym in Moscow's suburbs. Rubchinskiy's third collection, The sunrise is not far behind the mountains , consisted of three parts: a video shot in St. Petersburg, a book of photographs and the collection itself. In 2010, the designer presented his forth collection, Slave , as a part of Fashion East Menswear Installation. Rubchinskiy has been working with Comme des Garçons since 2012. [4] (#cite_note-4) In the summer of 2011, Gosha launched the project Transfiguration in a gallery space attached to a photography workshop and skate-park on the island of New Holland in Saint Petersburg, Russia – area that had been closed to the public for the previous 300 years. [5] (#cite_note-5) The Transfiguration book, made with the help of publisher Junsuke Yamasaki and art director Pavel Milkyakov was published in 2012. [6] (#cite_note-6) It was followed by the film two years later that epitomised his brand identity: strong young men with vulnerable expressions wearing a uniform derived from 80s punk music and 90s skate culture. Making reference to Russia's orthodox past through glimpses of religious paintings, and a soundtrack ranging from Igor Stravinsky's Firebird suite to t.A.T.u., the film illuminates a country undergoing political, economic and cultural turmoil whilst proving that its maker belongs to a post-Soviet generation bent on creative change. [7] (#cite_note-7) In August 2014, IDEA Books published Crimea/Kids , an 80-page photozine that explored Rubchinskiy's fascination with Russia's rebellious youth and their outlets through smoking, skateboarding and graffiti. For the next book Youth Hotel Rubchinskiy re-visits the Soviet themes he pursued in his recent 1984 collection, where he drew parallels between George Orwell's fictional totalitarian surveillance society and that of his homeland today. [8] (#cite_note-8) For his SS17 show staged at Pitti Uomo (/wiki/Pitti_Uomo) , Gosha Rubchinskiy presented a collection in three parts – a runway show, a film, and a series of photos, both entitled The Day of My Death , exhibited at the fair and later published as a book by IDEA. Florence's Manifattura Tabacchi provided the backdrop for them all; an abandoned factory built in the 1930s by the State's Fascist regime, which bears a striking resemblance to Soviet architecture. [9] (#cite_note-9) In this show Rubchinskiy also partnered with the Italian sportswear brand Fila (/wiki/Fila_(company)) , with FILA x Gosha Rubchinskiy showing sweatshirts featuring the brand and custom sneakers with Cyrillic script. [10] (#cite_note-10) In 2016, the creative multi-hyphenate released a fragrance (/wiki/Fragrance) , along with a new photography book to accompany it – titled Perfume Book – which featured one of Rubchinskiy's shaven-headed muses shot in Spain. [11] (#cite_note-11) The same year Gosha launched new label PACCBET, together with Tolia Titaev, a professional skater and muse to the designer. The name, which has already appeared as a slogan in some of Rubchinskiy's designs, is also a symbol of the new emerging generation of Russian skaters. [12] (#cite_note-12) Following the announcement of Gosha Rubchisnkiy's long-term collaboration with Adidas (/wiki/Adidas) Football leading up to the 2018 World Cup (/wiki/2018_World_Cup) , the designer chose the city of Kaliningrad (/wiki/Kaliningrad) for his first show in Russia since 2009. [13] (#cite_note-13) The football-inspired A/W 17 collection was presented at the Regional Center of Youth Culture, which currently occupies the building of the Königsberg Stock Exchange (/wiki/K%C3%B6nigsberg_Stock_Exchange) . His open casting call was answered by young men from all over the country. A documentary Apart , presented by a Moscow-based publishing and online platform INRUSSIA, stars three young men who travelled from across Russia to take a part in the show in the country's westernmost exclave. [14] (#cite_note-14) Directed by Papaya Dog, the film is a poetic and beautiful testament to the lives of Gosha's post-Soviet youth, told without hyperbole or drama. Kaliningrad guidebook and travel zine, featuring enigmatic, black-and-white photography by Kirill Gluschenko, shines light on the unique historical convergence of German and Soviet architecture of the city and aims to guide visitors through Kaliningrad (/wiki/Kaliningrad) in a friendly fashion. The zine was presented at the show in January 2017 and launched Gosha's collaboration with INRUSSIA's publishing program. [15] (#cite_note-15) During the presentation of his 2018 S/S collection in St. Petersburg (/wiki/St._Petersburg) , Gosha Rubchinskiy revealed his collaboration with Burberry (/wiki/Burberry) . [16] (#cite_note-16) The collection, inspired by football and Russian rave aesthetics, is essentially a love letter to that ’90s scene. It was followed by the release of a limited-run zine [17] (#cite_note-17) offering an intimate look into the underground cultural revolution birthed from the ashes of Soviet Russia in the late ’80s and early ’90s. Giving more context to the collection and its inspiration, Saint Petersburg zine serves as a contextual guide through Russia's underground rave culture, featuring photos captured in such iconic night clubs as Tunnel and Planetarium, as well as exclusive interviews with the movement's key figures. [18] (#cite_note-18) In February 2017, the Rubchinskiy-backed brand and skate team PACCBET traveled to Southern California (/wiki/Southern_California) to meet with American skaters Dolan Stearn, Julian Klincewicz, and their crew. During the road trip, they collided their respective worlds into a short documentary, weaving through California's concrete and rubble surface. [19] (#cite_note-19) The film was presented along with the second collection by РАССВЕТ at the Trading Museum in Paris in June 2017. A zine titled "Goodbye America" and the brand's lookbook completed the three-part project. [20] (#cite_note-20) In April 2018, Rubchinskiy announced on Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) that the self titled brand would be ending "as you've known it." [21] (#cite_note-21) He stated that the brand would no longer create seasonal collections and that "something new" was coming. [22] (#cite_note-22) In a talk translated by Vogue (/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)) Rubchinskiy commented, "Every idea has a time and what I wanted to express, I expressed it. I believe that in the state that [Gosha Rubchinskiy] exists, it is a good condition to end this history and start a new one." [23] (#cite_note-23) There has yet to be news as to how the brand will change, while some believe Rubchinskiy will use this freedom to work on independent projects within the brand such as his photography, which the designer already integrated into the brand. [ original research? ] Other projects [ edit ] In 2020 Rubchinskiy's brand PACCBET collaborated with the Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts (/wiki/Pushkin_Museum) and created a series of items inspired by masterpieces of Japanese Edo paintings and prints. [24] (#cite_note-24) On 1 October 2021, Rubchinskiy presented his collaboration with Russian actress Renata Litvinova (/wiki/Renata_Litvinova) . An exhibition of his photography under the name 'Northern Wind’ was presented in Moscow Triumph gallery. Rubchinsky also worked as stylist and decorator of Litvinova's theatrical piece of the same name, staged in 2017. The series of photographs further immersed the audience into the ‘dark and gloomy’ world of the ‘Northern Wind’ story. [25] (#cite_note-25) On 13 December 2023, Kanye West (/wiki/Kanye_West) announced his appointment of Rubchinskiy as the Head of Design for his brand, Yeezy. [26] (#cite_note-26) This came after multiple posts from Rubchinskiy teasing his involvement with West, and hinting that he was behind the design of West's Vultures (/wiki/Vultures_(Kanye_West_and_Ty_Dolla_Sign_album)) merchandise. [27] (#cite_note-27) Influence [ edit ] The success of Rubchinsky and Demna Gvasalia (/wiki/Demna_Gvasalia) of Vetements (/wiki/Vetements) brought huge attention to so-called "Post-Soviet" aesthetics. [28] (#cite_note-28) The trend wasn't limited to major chain stores (/wiki/Chain_store) such as Urban Outfitters (/wiki/Urban_Outfitters) and Topman (/wiki/Topman) that started selling garment with Cyrillic slogans, but also led to a renaissance in clothing design in Russia and Ukraine. [29] (#cite_note-29) The list of brands that contributed to the Post-Soviet streetwear trend included Sputnik 1985, Volchok (/wiki/Volchok_(clothing)) , Mech, LECHARLATAN, R-SSA, Podmost, Syndicate, Otocyon, Artem Shumov, Anastasia Dokuchaeva, Yasya Minochkina, Turbo Yulia, Alexandr Rogov and many others. [30] (#cite_note-30) [31] (#cite_note-31) [32] (#cite_note-32) [33] (#cite_note-33) Controversies [ edit ] In December 2018, it was alleged by a 16-year-old boy that Rubchinskiy pressured him into sending explicit photographs of himself. [34] (#cite_note-gq181211-34) The boy included screenshots as evidence. [35] (#cite_note-instagram181208-35) Shortly thereafter, another man claimed that Rubchinskiy also requested explicit photographs. [34] (#cite_note-gq181211-34) Rubchinskiy denied the accusations. [34] (#cite_note-gq181211-34) See also [ edit ] Dover Street Market (/wiki/Dover_Street_Market) Anti Social Social Club (/wiki/Anti_Social_Social_Club) Billionaire Boys Club (/wiki/Billionaire_Boys_Club_(clothing_retailer)) Virgil Abloh (/wiki/Virgil_Abloh) OVO (/wiki/OVO_Sound#OVO_Clothing) Balenciaga (/wiki/Balenciaga) Vetements (/wiki/Vetements) Highsnobiety (/wiki/Highsnobiety) Raf Simons (/wiki/Raf_Simons) Demna Gvasalia (/wiki/Demna_Gvasalia) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "Culture Now: Gosha Rubchinskiy" (https://web.archive.org/web/20170216055001/https://www.ica.org.uk/whats-on/culture-now-gosha-rubchinskiy) . www.ica.org.uk . Archived from the original (https://www.ica.org.uk/whats-on/culture-now-gosha-rubchinskiy) on 16 February 2017 . Retrieved 15 February 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Gosha Rubchinskiy: Breaking News, Latest Collections and Brand History" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/tag/gosha-rubchinskiy/) . Highsnobiety . Retrieved 20 November 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Gosha Rubchinskiy: Inside his Vertically Integrated Youth Universe – 032c Workshop" (https://032c.com/Gosha-Rubchinskiy-interview) . 032c Workshop . 15 June 2016 . Retrieved 27 April 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-4) "Meet Russian fashion superstar Gosha Rubchinskiy" (https://adelefansite.com/meet-russian-fashion-superstar-gosha-rubchinskiy/) . adelefansite.com . Retrieved 16 November 2017 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Gosha Rubchinskiy's TRANSFIGURATION" (http://www.dazeddigital.com/artsandculture/article/14905/1/gosha-rubchinskiys-transfiguration) . Dazed . 17 October 2012. ^ (#cite_ref-6) "Transfiguration Book by Gosha Rubchinskiy" (https://donlonbooks.com/products/transfiguration-book-by-gosha-rubchinskiy) . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "Exclusive: Gosha Rubchinskiy's Crimea/Kids" (http://www.anothermag.com/art-photography/3863/exclusive-gosha-rubchinskiys-crimea-kids) . AnOther . September 2014. ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Peep Gosha Rubchinskiy's new photo book ahead of its release" (http://www.dazeddigital.com/photography/article/26956/1/peep-gosha-rubchinskiy-s-new-photo-book-ahead-of-its-release) . Dazed . 12 October 2015. ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Gosha Rubchinskiy reveals new photo book and film" (http://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/31631/1/gosha-rubchinskiy-reveals-new-photo-book-and-film) . Dazed . 17 June 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-10) "FILA Sneakers Just Became Cool Again" (https://www.gq.com/story/fila-gosha-rubchinskiy-sneakers-review) . GQ . 22 December 2016 . Retrieved 20 November 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) "Exclusive: Gosha Rubchinskiy discusses new perfume and book" (http://www.dazeddigital.com/fashion/article/33262/1/exclusive-gosha-rubchinskiy-discusses-new-perfume-and-book) . Dazed . 6 October 2016. ^ (#cite_ref-12) "PACCBET: Russian designer Gosha Rubchinskiy to launch new skate label" (http://www.calvertjournal.com/news/show/6743/paccbet-russian-designer-gosha-rubchinskiy-to-launch-new-skate-label) . Calvert Journal . ^ (#cite_ref-13) Fury, Alexander (13 January 2017). "Gosha Rubchinskiy's Russian Men's Wear Show" (https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/13/t-magazine/gosha-rubchinskiy-russia-mens-wear-fashion-show.html) . The New York Times . ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Apart" (http://inrussia.com/apart) . INRUSSIA . ^ (#cite_ref-15) "TAKE A HISTORICALLY RICH TRIP THROUGH KALININGRAD" (http://inrussia.com/take-a-historically-rich-trip-through-kaliningrad) . INRUSSIA . ^ (#cite_ref-16) "New Images From Gosha Rubchinskiy's Magazine Explore Russia's Rave Culture in the '90s" (https://hypebeast.com/2017/6/gosha-rubchinskiys-magazine-explores-90s-russias-rave-culture) . HypeBeast . 11 June 2017. ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Rediscover Russian Rave" (http://inrussia.com/rediscover-russian-rave) . INRUSSIA . ^ (#cite_ref-18) "THE RISE OF THE ST. PETERSBURG RAVE" (http://inrussia.com/the-rise-of-the-st-petersburg-rave) . INRUSSIA . ^ (#cite_ref-19) "SKATEBOARDING IS NOT A DREAM" (http://inrussia.com/skateboarding-is-not-a-dream) . INRUSSIA . ^ (#cite_ref-20) "This Means DAWN: PACCBET Skate Film in Los Angeles" (https://032c.com/paccbet-in-los-angeles/) . 032c . ^ (#cite_ref-21) "Gosha Rubchinskiy Is Stopping His Brand "As You've Known It" (https://hypebeast.com/2018/4/gosha-rubchinskiy-closing-brand-statement) " (https://hypebeast.com/2018/4/gosha-rubchinskiy-closing-brand-statement) . HYPEBEAST . 4 April 2018 . Retrieved 20 November 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-22) "Gosha Rubchinskiy as You Know It Is Gone" (https://www.gq.com/story/gosha-rubchinskiy-over-or-nah) . GQ . 4 April 2018 . Retrieved 20 November 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-23) "Gosha Rubchinskiy on the End of Gosha Rubchinskiy—And More From His Talk in Tbilisi, Georgia" (https://www.vogue.com/article/gosha-rubchinskiy-talk-in-tbilisi-georgia-at-mercedes-benz-fashion-week) . Vogue . 4 May 2018 . Retrieved 20 November 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-24) Frank, I. (23 September 2020). " (https://daily.afisha.ru/beauty/17172-rassvet-goshi-rubchinskogo-vypustil-kollaboraciyu-s-pushkinskim-muzeem/) "Рассвет" Гоши Рубчинского выпустил коллаборацию с Пушкинским музеем" (https://daily.afisha.ru/beauty/17172-rassvet-goshi-rubchinskogo-vypustil-kollaboraciyu-s-pushkinskim-muzeem/) [Rubchinskiy’s ‘Rassvet’ Collaborates with Pushkin Museum] (in Russian). Daily Afisha . Retrieved 29 December 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-25) "В "Триумфе" открылась выставка Рубчинского и Литвиновой "Северный ветер" (https://ria.ru/20211001/litvinova-1752610972.html) " (https://ria.ru/20211001/litvinova-1752610972.html) [Rubchinsky and Litvinova Exhibition Open in Triumph Gallery]. RIA News. 1 October 2021 . Retrieved 29 December 2021 . ^ (#cite_ref-26) West, Kanye [@kanyewest] (13 December 2023). "http://yews.news/edition/12-13-23-3pm" (https://x.com/kanyewest/status/1735064223351271914) ( Tweet (/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)) ) . Retrieved 13 December 2023 – via Twitter (/wiki/Twitter) . ^ (#cite_ref-27) Gosha Rubchinskiy [@gosharubchinskiy] (8 December 2023). "VULTURES" (https://www.instagram.com/p/C0nC8QuheO6/) . Retrieved 8 December 2023 – via Instagram (/wiki/Instagram) . ^ (#cite_ref-28) Leach, Alec (13 February 2017). "What Do Russian Fashion Insiders Think of the Post-Soviet Trend?" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/2017/02/13/gosha-rubchinskiy-interview-post-soviet-trend/) . Highsnobiety . Retrieved 4 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-29) Merz, Theo (10 December 2017). "Get the 'post-Soviet' look: how Russian street style went global" (http://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2017/12/10/get-the-post-soviet-look-how-russian-street-style-went-global.html) . The Jakarta Post . Retrieved 4 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-30) "The Current Nexus of Skateboarding Fashion — From Russia with Love" (https://web.archive.org/web/20190321125220/https://scaddistrict.com/2017/05/31/the-current-nexus-of-skateboarding-and-fashion-from-russia-with-love/) . District. 31 May 2017. Archived from the original (https://scaddistrict.com/2017/05/31/the-current-nexus-of-skateboarding-and-fashion-from-russia-with-love/) on 21 March 2019 . Retrieved 4 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-31) Raspopina, Sasha (23 June 2016). "Spelling it out: why Cyrillic slogan streetwear is the new punk uniform for post-Soviet teens" (https://www.calvertjournal.com/articles/show/6278/cyrillic-slogan-streetwear-clothing-rubchinskiy-vetements) . The Calvert Journal . Retrieved 4 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-32) Witte, Rae (27 March 2018). "5 young russian designers who aren't gosha" (https://i-d.vice.com/en_us/article/xw7ya4/5-young-russian-designers-who-arent-gosha) . i-D . Retrieved 4 July 2018 . ^ (#cite_ref-33) Mas, Caroline (14 November 2017). "5 designers russes à surveiller de près" (https://www.lofficiel.com/fashion-week/les-5-designers-russes-a-surveiller-de-pres) . L'Officiel . Retrieved 7 April 2018 . ^ a b c Wolf, Cam (11 December 2018). "Gosha Rubchinskiy's Allegedly Inappropriate Casting Spotlights the Fashion Industry's Messy Morals" (https://www.gq.com/story/gosha-rubchinskiy-allegations-and-fashions-messy-morals) . GQ (/wiki/GQ) . Retrieved 17 August 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-instagram181208_35-0) "Diet Prada ™ on Instagram: "As 2018 draws to a close, designers seem to be casting their bid for consideration in the Nastiest Human of the Year category. Up next is..." (https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/s/instagram/BrI7zKeFMLo) " (https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/s/instagram/BrI7zKeFMLo) . Instagram . 8 December 2018. Archived from the original (https://www.instagram.com/p/BrI7zKeFMLo/) on 26 December 2021 . Retrieved 17 August 2019 . 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American jewelry company This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Ruff%26Cut) or discuss these issues on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Ruff%26Cut) . ( Learn how and when to remove these template messages (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) This article needs additional citations for verification (/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability) . Please help improve this article (/wiki/Special:EditPage/Ruff%26Cut) by adding citations to reliable sources (/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners) . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Ruff&Cut" (https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Ruff%26Cut%22) – news (https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Ruff%26Cut%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1) · newspapers (https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Ruff%26Cut%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks) · books (https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Ruff%26Cut%22+-wikipedia) · scholar (https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Ruff%26Cut%22) · JSTOR (https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Ruff%26Cut%22&acc=on&wc=on) ( April 2022 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) A major contributor to this article appears to have a close connection (/wiki/Wikipedia:Conflict_of_interest) with its subject. It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia's content policies, particularly neutral point of view (/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view) . Please discuss further on the talk page (/wiki/Talk:Ruff%26Cut) . ( October 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message (/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal) ) Ruff&Cut Industry Jewelry (/wiki/Jewelry) Founded September 2008 ; 15 years ago ( 2008-09 ) Founder Wade Watson Headquarters New York City (/wiki/New_York_City) , New York (/wiki/New_York_(state)) , United States Ruff&Cut is an American fine jewelry company founded by Wade Watson in 2008. The company sells ethically sourced jewelry items that contain conflict-free diamonds (/wiki/Diamond) and gemstones (/wiki/Gemstone) and recycled metals. Overview [ edit ] The company's headquarters are in New York City and its products are sold via e-commerce (/wiki/E-commerce) , retail (/wiki/Retail) and wholesale. The name "Ruff&Cut" refers to the ruff sandpiper bird, which inhabits southern Africa, [1] (#cite_note-ruff-1) and to cut diamonds; as a whole, "ruff and cut" is a play on words referring to rough and cut diamonds, as well as the ruff sandpiper. History [ edit ] Although the company was officially launched in September 2008, founder Wade Watson started formulating Ruff&Cut in January 2007 when he became inspired to create a company that "gives back" after the attacks on September 11 (/wiki/September_11_attacks) . He was already involved in the diamond mining trade, and decided to create a jewelry company with only conflict-free diamonds (/wiki/Conflict-free_diamonds) and recycled metals of 18k gold and sterling silver. Watson put together a team of designers interested in creating environmentally and socially conscious jewelry designs such as Todd Reed and Me&Ro and launched the official website containing all of the designs in September 2008. Social responsibility [ edit ] The company "gives back" by donating 10% of proceeds to affiliated non-profit organizations such as Shine on Sierra Leone (SOSL) [2] (#cite_note-NGO-2) and the St. George Foundation. [3] (#cite_note-elle-3) Watson's mining company Target Resources, on which he serves as executive vice president, has built schools, roads and bridges in the impoverished mining communities in Sierra Leone, Africa. [4] (#cite_note-Rap-4) Watson used funds and diamonds from Target to create jewelry for Ruff&Cut, ensuring that the diamonds used were indeed fair trade. On November 20, 2008, Watson attended Selita Ebanks (/wiki/Selita_Ebanks) event for her NGO, Women's Coalition for Empowerment and Opportunities fund-raiser in New York City, [5] (#cite_note-WCEO-5) along with SOSL, and Watson has also spoken at several events regarding sustainability, such as UNICEF (/wiki/UNICEF) Fundraisers and on the Julie Watts special "From Sacramento to Sierra Leone" which aired December 2008. [6] (#cite_note-UNICEF-6) [7] (#cite_note-watts-7) Authentication [ edit ] All jewelry is made in America and all diamonds and gem stones are ethically sourced. Each piece is accompanied by a certificate of authentication which provides details on the style itself, as well as the diamond or diamonds contained in it. The rough diamonds are uncut and unpolished and many pieces are accompanied by cut and polished diamonds as well. See also [ edit ] The Jewelry Exchange (/wiki/The_Jewelry_Exchange) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-ruff_1-0) "Ruff" (http://birdweb.org/birdweb/bird/ruff) . BirdWeb . Retrieved 2019-04-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-NGO_2-0) Mohazebbi, Sarah (December 2009). "Diamonds in the Rough". Emirates Woman, p. 86. ^ (#cite_ref-elle_3-0) Brazilian, Alexa (December 2008). "Hope Diamonds". Elle Magazine , p. 105. ^ (#cite_ref-Rap_4-0) Michelle, Amber (September 5, 2008). "Sierra Leone Travelogue". Rapaport Diamond Report , p. 72. ^ (#cite_ref-WCEO_5-0) "Wade Watson in Women's Coalition For Empowerment And Opportunities Fundraiser" (http://www.zimbio.com/pictures/ImOfv9fnQgo/Women+Coalition+Empowerment+Opportunities) . Zimbio . Retrieved 2019-04-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-UNICEF_6-0) (Jan/Feb 2009). "Sweet Charity". LA Confidential. ^ (#cite_ref-watts_7-0) "Julie Watts" (https://web.archive.org/web/20090130112329/http://juliewatts.net/sierraleone.html) . www.juliewatts.net . Archived from the original (http://www.juliewatts.net/sierraleone.html) on 2009-01-30. 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American fashion designer This article is an orphan (/wiki/Wikipedia:Orphan) , as no other articles link to it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=James_Ford_(fashion_designer)&namespace=0) . Please introduce links (/wiki/Help:Link) to this page from related articles (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=1&search=James+Ford+%28fashion+designer%29&fulltext=Search&ns0=1&title=Special%3ASearch&advanced=1&fulltext=James+Ford+%28fashion+designer%29) ; try the Find link tool (https://edwardbetts.com/find_link?q=James_Ford_(fashion_designer)) for suggestions. ( May 2024 ) James Ford in the Rowena Social Club Daisy Suit, Spring/Summer 23 Collection "Daisy Cowboy" James Ford is a Los Angeles-based fashion designer known for his playful, energetic, genre-mixing style. [1] (#cite_note-:0-1) [2] (#cite_note-:7-2) He was a competitor on Netflix's Next in Fashion (/wiki/Next_in_Fashion) in 2023, hosted by Gigi Hadid (/wiki/Gigi_Hadid) and Tan France (/wiki/Tan_France) . [3] (#cite_note-:1-3) Early life and education [ edit ] Ford was born and raised in Kentucky. [4] (#cite_note-:6-4) In 2009 he moved to Fort Collins, Colorado. Ford was a high school athlete playing basketball, baseball, soccer and track, achieving many notable awards and distinctions. [ citation needed ] In 2013 he graduated from Colorado State University (/wiki/Colorado_State_University) with a B.S. in Construction Engineering, he later earned an M.A. in 2017 from the University of Southern California (/wiki/University_of_Southern_California) in Fashion Journalism. [5] (#cite_note-:2-5) [ failed verification ] Career [ edit ] Ford worked in commercial fashion for the luxury cashmere brand, the Elder Statesman (/wiki/The_Elder_Statesman_(brand)) , an LA-based workwear company Hedley & Bennett, among other brands. [6] (#cite_note-:3-6) In 2020, he started his own line, Rowena Social Club (https://rowenasocialclub.com/) , where he remains the President and Creative Director. The brand is an e-comm clothing and apparel line, focusing on serving the LGBTQ market both in the U.S. and internationally. [7] (#cite_note-:4-7) Since then, he has styled and designed for many celebrities, including Beth Dover (/wiki/Beth_Dover) ( Orange Is the New Black (/wiki/Orange_Is_the_New_Black) ), Melissa Fumero (/wiki/Melissa_Fumero) ( Brooklyn Nine-Nine (/wiki/Brooklyn_Nine-Nine) ), Andrew McMahon (/wiki/Andrew_McMahon) ( Something Corporate (/wiki/Something_Corporate) , Jack's Mannequin (/wiki/Jack%27s_Mannequin) ), ND Stevenson (/wiki/ND_Stevenson) ( Nimona (/wiki/Nimona) ), [8] (#cite_note-8) and Fortune Feimster (/wiki/Fortune_Feimster) ( Handsome podcast (https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/handsome/id1702258458) , Netflix (/wiki/Netflix) ). Next in Fashion [ edit ] Ford was a contestant on Season 2 of Netflix (/wiki/Netflix) 's Next in Fashion (/wiki/Next_in_Fashion) , hosted by Gigi Hadid (/wiki/Gigi_Hadid) and Tan France (/wiki/Tan_France) . His work captured the heart of fashion luminaries such as Donatella Versace (/wiki/Donatella_Versace) , Jason Bolden (/wiki/Jason_Bolden) , Gabriella Karefa-Johnson, Isabel Marant (/wiki/Isabel_Marant) , Helena Christensen (/wiki/Helena_Christensen) , and Emma Chamberlain (/wiki/Emma_Chamberlain) . Ford completed 5 episodes, being eliminated on the 5th challenge. The decision was an emotional moment on the show, the hosts struggled to dismiss him from the competition. Fashion Awards and Recognition [ edit ] Ford was awarded the "Best Emerging Designer" in June 2023 by I Am Musicology for his exceptional work in fashion culture. He was also honored at USC receiving the Jack Langguth Award in 2019 for his contribution to journalism. [9] (#cite_note-:8-9) Outfit the Podcast [ edit ] Ford published two seasons totaling 9 episodes of his podcast, Outfit (https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/outfit/id1382351003) , which explores the relationship of the LGBTQ community and their clothing. [10] (#cite_note-10) This served as his Master's Thesis in Fashion Journalism, from 2017-2019. His podcast went on to be featured on Elle Canada's Top 9 Best Fashion Podcasts of 2019, alongside the Gucci (/wiki/Gucci) podcast during Alessandro Michele (/wiki/Alessandro_Michele) 's era, Barney's (/wiki/Barneys_New_York) , and "Wardrobe Crisis". [11] (#cite_note-:5-11) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-:0_1-0) Ford, James. "Outfit the Podcast" (https://outfit.podbean.com/) . Podbean . Retrieved 21 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-:7_2-0) "Meet Fashion Designer James Ford" (https://nowthisnews.com/videos/news/meet-trans-fashion-designer-james-ford-does-gender-really-matter) . Now This News . 30 June 2023 . Retrieved 21 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-:1_3-0) "Gigi Hadid, Tan France talk friendship, co-hosting 'Next in Fashion' (https://www.today.com/video/gigi-hadid-tan-france-talk-fashion-friendship-netflix-show-164106821587) " (https://www.today.com/video/gigi-hadid-tan-france-talk-fashion-friendship-netflix-show-164106821587) . The Today Show . Retrieved 21 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-:6_4-0) Woosley-Collins, Hannah (15 March 2023). "Kentucky man competing on Netflix's new season of 'Next in Fashion' (https://www.wtvq.com/kentucky-man-competing-on-netflixs-next-in-fashion/) " (https://www.wtvq.com/kentucky-man-competing-on-netflixs-next-in-fashion/) . WTQV . Retrieved 21 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-:2_5-0) Kleinmann, James (5 March 2023). "Exclusive Interview James Ford" (https://thequeerreview.com/2023/03/05/exclusive-interview-next-in-fashion-season-2-designer-james-ford/) . The Queer Review . Retrieved 21 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-:3_6-0) "How To L.A. - How I Got Started: Fashion Designer James Ford #121" (https://laist.com/podcasts/how-to-la) . LAist Podcast . LAist . Retrieved 21 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-:4_7-0) Seth, Kenisha (2021). "Trans Designer James Ford to Debut 2023 Fall/Winter Collection for Rowena Social Club" (https://www.photobookmagazine.com/features/trans-designer-james-ford-to-debut-2023-fall/winter-collection-for-rowena-social-club) . PhotoBook Magazine . Retrieved 21 February 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Next in Fashion's James Ford on Reclaiming His Identity Through Clothing" (https://advocatechannel.com/next-in-fashion-james-ford-trans-reclaim-clothing) . advocatechannel.com . Retrieved 2024-02-21 . ^ (#cite_ref-:8_9-0) "Fashioning a podcast for the LGBTQ community" (http://annenberg.usc.edu/news/students/fashioning-podcast-lgbtq-community) . annenberg.usc.edu . Retrieved 2024-02-21 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) "Outfit on Apple Podcasts" (https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/outfit/id1382351003) . Apple Podcasts . 2020-01-29 . Retrieved 2024-05-25 . ^ (#cite_ref-:5_11-0) "9 of the best fashion podcasts" (http://www.ellecanada.com/fashion/trends/9-of-the-best-fashion-podcasts) . Elle Canada . 2017-06-22 . Retrieved 2024-02-21 . 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莫蘭詩 (Mo Lan Shi) Betty Charnuis Clemo Born Elizabeth Charnuis Borjigin 1920 Beijing (/wiki/Beijing) , China Died 2005 Nationality British Known for Art director (/wiki/Art_director) / Costume designer (/wiki/Costume_designer) Awards Asia Pacific Film Festival (/wiki/Asia_Pacific_Film_Festival) Betty Clemo 莫蘭詩 (1920–2005) was a Hong Kong-based fashion and costume designer active in the 1950s until the end of the 1990s. Early life [ edit ] Elizabeth 'Betty' Borjin Chernyshyova 'Charnuis' Clemo Yen was born in Beijing (/wiki/Beijing) in 1920. Her father was Mongolian, belonging to the Mongolian (/wiki/Mongolia) Borjigit (/wiki/Borjigit) clan. Her mother, Yekaterina (Catherine) Chernyshyova was Russian, and apprenticed for Jeanne Lanvin (/wiki/Jeanne_Lanvin) in Paris. [1] (#cite_note-1) After her father's death, she moved to Shanghai (/wiki/Shanghai) , where her mother operated a couture (/wiki/Haute_couture) house called Atelier Chernyshyova, later renamed Atelier Charnuis ( Chinese (/wiki/Chinese_language) : 夏如意 ). She employed primarily Russian refugees and catered to the high society of Shanghai, including the Soong sisters (/wiki/Soong_sisters) . [2] (#cite_note-2) Career [ edit ] Clemo married English diplomat William Clemo in the 1930s and moved to London at the outbreak of World War II (/wiki/World_War_II) . William died during the war and Clemo eventually moved to Los Angeles under the advice of Elinor Glyn (/wiki/Elinor_Glyn) . [3] (#cite_note-3) With the help of Elsie de Wolfe (/wiki/Elsie_de_Wolfe) , [4] (#cite_note-4) whose husband, Sir Charles Mendl, was a colleague of William Clemo, she was hired as a costume consultant for 20th Century Fox (/wiki/20th_Century_Fox) and worked extensively with Edith Head (/wiki/Edith_Head) , Irene Sharaff (/wiki/Irene_Sharaff) , and Charles LeMaire (/wiki/Charles_LeMaire) . [5] (#cite_note-5) She later moved to New York and worked as the chief pattern maker for Valentina Schlee (/wiki/Valentina_(fashion_designer)) . Clemo relocated to Hong Kong (/wiki/Hong_Kong) at the end of the 1950s to work as an art director and costume designer for Shaw's studio. Under the studio system, she worked at numerous projects and is best remembered for her collaboration with Lin Dai (/wiki/Lin_Dai) , where she designed most of her costumes on and off stage. Generally regarded one of the first fashion designers in Hong Kong, [6] (#cite_note-6) she was the first to introduce Paris haute couture to Asia by importing licensed line-to-line adaptations of Paris haute couture fashions to Hong Kong. [7] (#cite_note-7) She created her eponymous boutique Betty Clemo's Couture in The Peninsula (/wiki/The_Peninsula_Hong_Kong) in 1962. [8] (#cite_note-8) Labels she carried throughout the years included Christian Dior (/wiki/Christian_Dior) , Nina Ricci (/wiki/Nina_Ricci_(brand)) , Maggy Rouff (/wiki/Maggy_Rouff) , Norman Hartnell (/wiki/Norman_Hartnell) , and Hanae Mori (/wiki/Hanae_Mori) . Apart from local movie stars and socialites from Hong Kong, she also attracted a following of international celebrities such as Hollywood actresses Greta Garbo (/wiki/Greta_Garbo) , Marlene Dietrich (/wiki/Marlene_Dietrich) , Joan Crawford (/wiki/Joan_Crawford) , Anna May Wong (/wiki/Anna_May_Wong) , Ava Gardner (/wiki/Ava_Gardner) , Rita Hayworth (/wiki/Rita_Hayworth) , Merle Oberon (/wiki/Merle_Oberon) , Jennifer Jones (/wiki/Jennifer_Jones) and Sophia Loren (/wiki/Sophia_Loren) [9] (#cite_note-9) and royal figures such as the Duchess of Windsor (/wiki/Duchess_of_Windsor) and Princess Margaret (/wiki/Princess_Margaret) . [10] (#cite_note-10) She retired in the mid-1990s and moved to London with her grandchildren. She died in her sleep in 2005. She is the grandmother of the NY fashion designer Chocheng. [11] (#cite_note-11) Awards [ edit ] 1961: Best Art Director at the Asia Pacific Film Festival (/wiki/Asia_Pacific_Film_Festival) for the movie Les Belles [ citation needed ] Filmography [ edit ] Assistant costume designer [ edit ] Stage Fright (1946) Sudden Fear (/wiki/Sudden_Fear) (1952) Affair in Trinidad (/wiki/Affair_in_Trinidad) (1952) Call Me Madam (/wiki/Call_Me_Madam_(film)) (1953) Costume consultant [ edit ] Love is a Many Splendored Thing (/wiki/Love_Is_a_Many-Splendored_Thing_(film)) (1955) The King and I (/wiki/The_King_and_I_(1956_film)) (1956) The World of Suzie Wong (/wiki/The_World_of_Suzie_Wong_(film)) (1960) Flower Drum Song (/wiki/Flower_Drum_Song_(film)) (1962) Art director [ edit ] 千嬌百媚 (/w/index.php?title=Les_Belle&action=edit&redlink=1) (1961) 花團錦簇 (/wiki/Love_Parade) (1962) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) de Chiree, Sylvie, "Jeanne Lanvin" (1988). ISBN (/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)) 88-216-3756-5 (/wiki/Special:BookSources/88-216-3756-5) ^ (#cite_ref-2) Princess Der Ling, "Song of Heaven" (1938). ASIN B000RAN1WM ^ (#cite_ref-3) Glyn, Elinor, Romantic Adventure: Being the Autobiography of Elinor Glyn (1936). ASIN: B00088ZKMW ^ (#cite_ref-4) de Wolfe, Elsie, After All (1938). ASIN B0006AMUSY ^ (#cite_ref-5) Hollywood and History (1965), ASIN: B000RJ75OS ^ (#cite_ref-6) Aimann Lau, 2008-03-08, "New Design Force". Modern Weekly International , pp. 18-19 ^ (#cite_ref-7) Aimann Lau, 2008-03-08, "New Design Force". Modern Weekly International, p.18-19 ^ (#cite_ref-8) "Pioneering PEN" (https://issuu.com/theantithesis/docs/pen-2018dec_lofinalsingle) . The Peninsula. 2018 . Retrieved 2 May 2024 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) N. Kwan, 1966, South China Morning Post , p. 15 ^ (#cite_ref-10) Anita Moorjani, 1964, Hong Kong Tiger Standard , p. 8 ^ (#cite_ref-11) "5 Things to Know about Emerging Designer Chocheng" (https://observer.com/2017/02/5-things-to-know-about-emerging-designer-chocheng/) . Observer . 2017-02-16 . Retrieved 2024-05-02 . 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Betty_Clemo&oldid=1221906759 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Betty_Clemo&oldid=1221906759) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : 2005 deaths (/wiki/Category:2005_deaths) 1920 births (/wiki/Category:1920_births) Artists from Beijing (/wiki/Category:Artists_from_Beijing) Hong Kong women fashion designers (/wiki/Category:Hong_Kong_women_fashion_designers) Chinese emigrants to the United Kingdom (/wiki/Category:Chinese_emigrants_to_the_United_Kingdom) British expatriates in the United States (/wiki/Category:British_expatriates_in_the_United_States) British emigrants to Hong Kong (/wiki/Category:British_emigrants_to_Hong_Kong) Hidden categories: Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) Articles containing Chinese-language text (/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Chinese-language_text) All articles with unsourced statements (/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements) Articles with unsourced statements from March 2011 (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_March_2011)
Assia Uhanany Assia Uhanany crowned as Miss Deaf World 2018 Born 1987 Beauty pageant (/wiki/Beauty_pageant) titleholder Hair color Black Eye color Brown Major competition(s) Miss Deaf World 2018 (winner) Assia Uhanany (born 1987) [1] (#cite_note-1) is an Israeli deaf model and beauty pageant contestant. On 29 September 2018, she was crowned as the Miss Deaf World 2018 (/wiki/Miss_%26_Mister_Deaf_World) which was held in Prague (/wiki/Prague) , Czech Republic (/wiki/Czech_Republic) . [2] (#cite_note-2) She also became the first Israeli to win the Miss Deaf World contest. [3] (#cite_note-3) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) Smadar Shir (October 12, 2018). "מלכת הדממה" (https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-5368831,00.html) [Queen of Silence]. Ynet (/wiki/Ynet) (in Hebrew) . Retrieved September 21, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "Winning title – Miss Deaf World 2018" (https://web.archive.org/web/20190923013935/http://www.missdeafworld2011-2020.com/index/index/lang/en) . www.missdeafworld2011-2020.com . Archived from the original (http://www.missdeafworld2011-2020.com/index/index/lang/en) on September 23, 2019 . Retrieved September 21, 2019 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) "Israeli Crowned Miss Deaf World 2018" (https://jdcc.org/feature-news/israeli-crowned-miss-deaf-world-2018/) . Jewish Deaf Community Center . December 1, 2018 . Retrieved September 21, 2019 . This biographical article about a contestant in a beauty pageant is a stub (/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub) . You can help Wikipedia by expanding it (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Assia_Uhanany&action=edit) . v t e NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8645764cd7‐9swbl Cached time: 20240712202235 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.414 seconds Real time usage: 0.791 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1703/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 14074/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1296/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 19067/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.316/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4179292/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 534.815 1 -total 51.52% 275.562 1 Template:Infobox_pageant_titleholder 27.45% 146.780 1 Template:Reflist 24.96% 133.501 1 Template:Infobox 22.63% 121.045 1 Template:Cite_news 14.47% 77.368 1 Template:Pageant-bio-stub 14.04% 75.093 1 Template:Asbox 5.73% 30.663 1 Template:Authority_control 4.63% 24.755 1 Template:Wikidata_image 4.49% 24.001 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:61617944-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712202235 and revision id 1175130450. Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Assia_Uhanany&oldid=1175130450 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Assia_Uhanany&oldid=1175130450) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Living people (/wiki/Category:Living_people) Israeli female models (/wiki/Category:Israeli_female_models) Deaf beauty pageant contestants (/wiki/Category:Deaf_beauty_pageant_contestants) Israeli deaf people (/wiki/Category:Israeli_deaf_people) Models with disabilities (/wiki/Category:Models_with_disabilities) Israeli beauty pageant winners (/wiki/Category:Israeli_beauty_pageant_winners) People from Tel Aviv (/wiki/Category:People_from_Tel_Aviv) 1987 births (/wiki/Category:1987_births) 21st-century Israeli people (/wiki/Category:21st-century_Israeli_people) 21st-century Israeli women (/wiki/Category:21st-century_Israeli_women) Beauty pageant contestant stubs (/wiki/Category:Beauty_pageant_contestant_stubs) Hidden categories: CS1 Hebrew-language sources (he) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Hebrew-language_sources_(he)) Articles with hCards (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards) All stub articles (/wiki/Category:All_stub_articles)
NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐58c7647fd9‐hpwhh Cached time: 20240712155607 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.002 seconds Real time usage: 0.002 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 1/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 0.000 1 -total Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:60460437-0!canonical and timestamp 20240712155607 and revision id 1212643587. Rendering was triggered because: page-view Pages in category "Egyptian clothing" The following 5 pages are in this category, out of 5 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (/wiki/Wikipedia:FAQ/Categorization#Why_might_a_category_list_not_be_up_to_date?) . B Badlah (Egyptian folklore costume) (/wiki/Badlah_(Egyptian_folklore_costume)) G Ghawazi (/wiki/Ghawazi) J Jellabiya (/wiki/Jellabiya) L Leopard skin (clothing in Ancient Egypt) (/wiki/Leopard_skin_(clothing_in_Ancient_Egypt)) M Melaya leff (/wiki/Melaya_leff) esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Egyptian_clothing&oldid=1212643587 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Egyptian_clothing&oldid=1212643587) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Arabic clothing (/wiki/Category:Arabic_clothing) Egyptian folklore (/wiki/Category:Egyptian_folklore) Culture of Egypt (/wiki/Category:Culture_of_Egypt) Egyptian dances (/wiki/Category:Egyptian_dances) Clothing by country (/wiki/Category:Clothing_by_country)
Canadian clothing retailer SSENSE Industry Fashion (/wiki/Fashion#Fashion_industry) Founded 2003 Founder Rami Atallah, Firas Atallah, Bassel Atallah Headquarters Montreal, Canada Website www (https://www.ssense.com) .ssense (https://www.ssense.com) .com (https://www.ssense.com) SSENSE (pronounced: "essence") is a multi-brand retailer based in Montreal (/wiki/Montreal) , Canada (/wiki/Canada) specialising in the sale of designer fashion (/wiki/Designer_clothing) and high end streetwear (/wiki/Streetwear) . It was founded as an e-commerce (/wiki/E-commerce) platform in 2003 by three brothers: Rami, Bassel and Firas Atallah. The company delivers to 114 countries around the world and operates websites in Chinese, French, English, Japanese and Korean. [1] (#cite_note-1) [2] (#cite_note-2) [3] (#cite_note-3) [4] (#cite_note-:0-4) [5] (#cite_note-5) History [ edit ] SSENSE was founded in 2003 by brothers Firas, Rami and Bassel Atallah who were inspired to start an online fashion company by the experience of successfully selling a limited edition pair of Diesel (/wiki/Diesel_(brand)) jeans online. Their focus was on high-end brands, but their approach was consciously aimed at avoiding any snobbery or aloofness associated with luxury fashion and instead focusing on building an innovative platform to showcase a carefully selected set of products from brands that were chosen for their dedicated following. They also put a heavy emphasis on supporting smaller, emerging designers and brands. [6] (#cite_note-6) The company initially struggled to convince enough brands that e-commerce was a viable way of selling high end fashion, so, before opening their own website, the Atallah brothers opened a physical store in Montreal in 2004 and a warehouse and corporate headquarters in 2005. The online store followed in 2006. [7] (#cite_note-7) Despite early obstacles, SSENSE gradually established a name for its curated mix of luxury and streetwear labels, relying on its physical presence to earn the confidence of both consumers and designers. By merging their online and offline operations, SSENSE produced a seamless shopping experience that appealed to a worldwide audience, propelling them to the forefront of the luxury apparel e-commerce market. Over time, the brand has expanded its services to include editorial content and unique partnerships, bolstering its position as a powerful platform in the fashion industry. [8] (#cite_note-8) In 2009, Ssense began to develop the concept it was to become known for: a more unconventional assortment that combined companies of varying price points and origins around a broadly innovative, streetwear-led view of fashion and champions small, emerging brands. Decisions on what products to stock were largely made by analysing large volumes of data rather than relying on professional buyers anticipating trends. [9] (#cite_note-9) [10] (#cite_note-10) In 2015 the company made a big investment in Editorial to cement this brand identity when they hired Joerg Koch, previously editor of German contemporary culture magazine 032c (/wiki/032c) , as the website’s first editor-in-chief. In 2017 they doubled down on this investment with a redesign of the homepage which removed products and gave the space entirely to editorial articles. [11] (#cite_note-11) On April 5, 2018, SSENSE acquired community-based fashion and art website Polyvore (/wiki/Polyvore) from Yahoo (/wiki/Yahoo) , immediately shutting it down. [12] (#cite_note-12) In May 2018, SSENSE opened a flagship retail store in a historic 19th century building in Montreal turned into an experiential retail space by architecture firm David Chipperfield (/wiki/David_Chipperfield) . The 5-story building within a building includes a cafe, art space and a floor dedicated to a personal-shopper-guided online-offline hybrid, which is accessible by appointment only. [13] (#cite_note-13) [14] (#cite_note-14) In June 2021 SSENSE received minority investment from Sequoia Capital (/wiki/Sequoia_Capital) that valued the company at over $4 billion USD. [15] (#cite_note-15) In December 2022, SSENSE was the target of a cyber attack where confidential employee data was compromised. SSENSE failed to notify past employees of the data breach as well as government officials. [16] (#cite_note-16) In January 2023, SSENSE laid off approximately 7% of its workforce, impacting 138 employees. In April 2023, Ssense again laid off more than 10% of its workforce including mid level management people. [17] (#cite_note-17) See also [ edit ] YOOX Net-a-Porter Group (/wiki/YOOX_Net-a-Porter_Group) Clicks and mortar (/wiki/Clicks_and_mortar) Mytheresa (/wiki/Mytheresa) Farfetch (/wiki/Farfetch) Polyvore (/wiki/Polyvore) References [ edit ] ^ (#cite_ref-1) "The Lavish Minimalism of Montreal's SSENSE Studio" (https://techvibes.com/2017/10/26/killer-spaces-ssense-montreal) . Techvibes . 26 October 2017 . Retrieved 2017-12-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-2) "The SSENSE of success > Magazine" (https://www.canadapost.ca/magazine/en/the-ssense-of-success/) . Magazine . 2016-09-17 . Retrieved 2017-12-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Won, Nancy. "How Ssense is changing Canadian online shopping | Elle Canada" (http://www.ellecanada.com/fashion/shopping/article/how-montreal-based-ssense-is-changing-the-luxury-retail-game) . Elle Canada . Retrieved 2017-12-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-:0_4-0) "The Montreal company shaking up luxury fashion, one pair of $860 sweatpants at a time" (https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/fashion-and-beauty/fashion/the-montreal-company-shaking-up-luxury-fashion-one-pair-of-860-sweatpants-at-atime/article28845855/) . Retrieved 2017-12-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-5) "Shopping: SSENSE | Martin Beauséjour | Style" (http://affaires.lapresse.ca/style/201110/27/01-4461779-shopping-ssense.php) . La Presse (in Canadian French) . Retrieved 2017-12-18 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) "SSENSE: Revolutionizing the world of fashion" (https://devenirentrepreneur.com/en/articles/entrepreneur-stories/ssense-revolutionizing-world-fashion) . Devenir Entrepreneur . ^ (#cite_ref-7) "How SSENSE CEO Rami Atallah Built Today's Most Influential Culture and Technology Platform" (https://www.gloryprofessional.com/rami-atallah-ssense-power-50/) . Glory Professional . 3 March 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-8) Crane, Diana (September 2019). "Fashion and Artification in the French Luxury Fashion Industry" (http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1749975519853667) . Cultural Sociology . 13 (3): 293–304. doi (/wiki/Doi_(identifier)) : 10.1177/1749975519853667 (https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1749975519853667) . ISSN (/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)) 1749-9755 (https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1749-9755) . ^ (#cite_ref-9) "Is Ssense hurting the cool-clothes ecosystem?" (https://www.blackbirdspyplane.com/p/is-ssense-hurting-the-cool-clothes-ecosystem) . Blackbird Spyplane . 20 June 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-10) "What is SSENSE?" (https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/23/style/the-sensibility-of-ssense.html) . Thee New York Times . 23 November 2021. ^ (#cite_ref-11) "BOF: SSENSE'S Billion-Dollar Ambitions: More Than Hype" (https://www.robertburkeassociates.com/press1/2018/5/1/bof-ssenses-billion-dollar-ambitions-more-than-hype) . Robert Burke Associates . 1 May 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-12) "Polyvore is shutting down after being acquired by fashion retailer Ssense" (https://techcrunch.com/2018/04/05/polyvore-is-shutting-down-after-being-acquired-by-fashion-e-commerce-site-ssense/) . 5 April 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-13) "Ssense Unvails New Montreal FLagship Store" (https://www.highsnobiety.com/p/ssense-montreal-flagship-store/) . Highsnobiety . 30 April 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-14) "Arca! Prada! Inside Ssense's Radically Cool New Montreal Store" (https://www.vogue.com/article/ssense-opens-montreal-flagship-store-by-appointment) . Vogue . 30 April 2018. ^ (#cite_ref-15) SSENSE Valued at Over $5 Billion CAD After Sequoia Capital Investment (https://hypebeast.com/2021/6/ssense-valued-at-over-5-billion-usd-after-sequoia-capital-investment) Hypebeast , Jack Stanley, June 8, 2021 ^ (#cite_ref-16) "Mis K.O. Par des pirates informatiques: Le détaillant en ligne Ssense n'a pas prévenu le gouvernement de la cyberattaque" (https://www.journaldemontreal.com/2023/02/08/ssense-mis-ko-par-des-pirates) . 8 February 2023. ^ (#cite_ref-17) "Ssense is the Latest Fashion Company to Reduce Headcount" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/retail/ssense-job-cuts/) . 30 January 2023. 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Rendering was triggered because: page-view esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SSENSE&oldid=1234651435 (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SSENSE&oldid=1234651435) " Categories (/wiki/Help:Category) : Online retailers of Canada (/wiki/Category:Online_retailers_of_Canada) Retail companies established in 2003 (/wiki/Category:Retail_companies_established_in_2003) Internet properties established in 2003 (/wiki/Category:Internet_properties_established_in_2003) Clothing retailers of Canada (/wiki/Category:Clothing_retailers_of_Canada) Hidden categories: CS1 Canadian French-language sources (fr-ca) (/wiki/Category:CS1_Canadian_French-language_sources_(fr-ca)) Articles with short description (/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description) Short description is different from Wikidata (/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata) Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia (/wiki/Category:Official_website_different_in_Wikidata_and_Wikipedia)
DSTLD Company type Private (/wiki/Privately_held_company) Industry Clothing (/wiki/Clothing_industry) Predecessor 20Jeans Founded 2014 ; 10 years ago ( 2014 ) in Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) , California (/wiki/California) , US Founders Corey Epstein Ryan Jaleh Mark Lynn Website www (https://www.dstld.com) .dstld (https://www.dstld.com) .com (https://www.dstld.com) DSTLD (pronounced distilled ) is an American clothing company, founded in 2014 by Corey Epstein, Ryan Jaleh and Mark Lynn and backed by Asher New York Holdings. [1] (#cite_note-Goodheart_2017-1) The California (/wiki/California) -based company designs and retails a line of mostly denim (/wiki/Denim) -based clothing. The company has become known for its relatively affordable pricing, environmentally friendly design and manufacturing, [1] (#cite_note-Goodheart_2017-1) [2] (#cite_note-Chhabra_2017-2) a direct-to-consumer retail strategy. [3] (#cite_note-3) History [ edit ] DSTLD was founded by co-CEOs Corey Epstein, Ryan Jaleh and Mark Lynn. [4] (#cite_note-Prescod_2017-4) The company was first founded by Epstein as 20Jeans and operated by buying overstock fabric from Los Angeles (/wiki/Los_Angeles) -based high-end jeans designers to be sent overseas, to places like Hong Kong (/wiki/Hong_Kong) and Shanghai (/wiki/Shanghai) , turning the fabric waste into low-cost jeans that the company then resold for $20. [1] (#cite_note-Goodheart_2017-1) [5] (#cite_note-Brooke_2017-5) Epstein was joined Lynn and the two rebranded the company as DSTLD in April 2014. [1] (#cite_note-Goodheart_2017-1) [4] (#cite_note-Prescod_2017-4) They hired Anh Vu, formerly of Gap Inc. (/wiki/Gap_Inc.) to head the initial design team. [5] (#cite_note-Brooke_2017-5) In April 2016, DSTLD hired designer Paul Roughley, previously of Kill City Clothing, as the new design director. [2] (#cite_note-Chhabra_2017-2) [6] (#cite_note-6) The company gained a seed round investment of $4.4 million from investors including CAA Ventures (/wiki/Creative_Artists_Agency) and CrunchFund (/wiki/CrunchFund) . [5] (#cite_note-Brooke_2017-5) In September 2015, the company announced that it will be using the SeedInvest (/wiki/SeedInvest) platform to offer its customers the opportunity to directly invest in the start-up. [7] (#cite_note-Sherman_2017-7) [8] (#cite_note-8) The crowdfunding (/wiki/Crowdfunding) was made possible by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (/wiki/Jumpstart_Our_Business_Startups_Act) . [1] (#cite_note-Goodheart_2017-1) [9] (#cite_note-9) By the end the month, "DSTLD had received more than $7.6 million in indicated interest." [7] (#cite_note-Sherman_2017-7) In summer 2016, the company announced a Series A round (/wiki/Series_A_round) open to the public. As of August 2016, it had gained funds "from more than 450 people investing an average of $2,400." [1] (#cite_note-Goodheart_2017-1) By April 2017, using SeedInvest, the company had raised $1.75 million. [10] (#cite_note-10) In August 2017, the company reopened the platform for a second round of investment through crowdfunding. [11] (#cite_note-11) In January 2019, DSTLD announced it was looking to open a UK showroom and list on London's AIM stock market. The company intends to use the funds it raised at the end of 2018 for the expansion- around £1.6 million. [12] (#cite_note-12) References [ edit ] ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Goodheart, Jessica (2017-07-26). "This Denim Company Thinks Blue Jeans Can Go Green And Still Be Affordable" (https://www.fastcompany.com/40444357/how-this-jean-company-tries-to-blend-ethical-practices-and-affordability) . Fast Company . Retrieved 2017-12-13 . ^ Jump up to: a b Chhabra, Esha (2016-08-03). "The Fabric of Our Lives or the Planet's Latest Threat? Fashion Startups Look Into Cotton Alternatives" (https://www.vogue.com/article/fashion-startups-cotton-alternatives) . Vogue . Retrieved 2017-12-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-3) Tsotsis, Alexia (2014-11-10). "DSTLD Is Everlane For Jeans" (https://techcrunch.com/2014/11/10/dstld-is-everlane-for-jeans/) . TechCrunch . Retrieved 2017-12-13 . ^ Jump up to: a b Prescod, Danielle (2014-04-07). "Introducing the Premium Denim That Will Only Cost You $65" (http://www.elle.com/fashion/news/a15350/dstld-affordable-jeans/) . ELLE . Retrieved 2017-12-13 . ^ Jump up to: a b c Brooke, Eliza (2014-11-26). "Meet DSTLD, the Denim Brand That's Promising Killer Jeans for Under $100" (https://fashionista.com/2014/11/dstld-denim) . Fashionista . Retrieved 2017-12-13 . ^ (#cite_ref-6) Nieder, Alison A. (2016-10-27). "DSTLD: Building the Wardrobe One Premium Piece at a Time" (https://www.apparelnews.net/news/2016/oct/27/dstld-building-wardrobe-one-premium-piece-time/) . California Apparel News . Retrieved 2017-12-13 . ^ Jump up to: a b Sherman, Lauren (2015-09-28). "Why One LA-Based Denim Brand Is Inviting Fans to Be Investors" (https://www.yahoo.com/news/why-one-la-based-denim-brand-is-inviting-fans-to-182334158.html) . Yahoo! Style . Retrieved 2017-12-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-8) Sherman, Lauren (2015-11-26). "Is There Still Hope for Fashion Crowdfunding?" (https://www.businessoffashion.com/articles/intelligence/is-there-still-hope-for-fashion-crowdfunding) . The Business of Fashion . Retrieved 2017-12-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-9) Biron, Bethany (2016-06-27). "How DSTLD is democratizing denim" (http://www.glossy.co/platform-effect/how-dstld-is-democratizing-denim) . Glossy . Retrieved 2017-12-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-10) Chhabra, Esha (2017-04-25). "One Year In, Equity Crowdfunding Is Still Waiting For Its Moment" (https://www.fastcompany.com/40407364/one-year-in-equity-crowdfunding-is-still-waiting-for-its-moment) . Fast Company . Retrieved 2017-12-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-11) Milnes, Hilary (2017-08-09). "How DSTLD, the first customer-funded fashion brand, tripled revenue in one year" (http://www.glossy.co/ecommerce/how-dstld-the-first-customer-funded-fashion-brand-tripled-revenue-in-one-year) . Glossy . Retrieved 2017-12-14 . ^ (#cite_ref-12) Jahshan, Elias (2019-01-04). "DSTLD eyes UK expansion with London listing & showroom - Retail Gazette" (https://www.retailgazette.co.uk/blog/2019/01/dstld-eyes-uk-expansion-london-listing-showroom/) . Retail Gazette . Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20210125065055/https://www.retailgazette.co.uk/blog/2019/01/dstld-eyes-uk-expansion-london-listing-showroom/) from the original on 2021-01-25 . Retrieved 2020-06-02 . External links [ edit ] Official Website (https://www.dstld.com/) URG Networks (https://www.ultrarichgroup.com/) NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.eqiad.main‐66546ff478‐gv64v Cached time: 20240713141257 Cache expiry: 1590424 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.306 seconds Real time usage: 0.360 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1722/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 27229/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1075/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 48857/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.193/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5115893/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 335.047 1 -total 50.36% 168.742 1 Template:Reflist 46.33% 155.238 1 Template:Infobox_company 42.77% 143.295 1 Template:Infobox 38.08% 127.574 9 Template:Cite_news 5.93% 19.859 1 Template:Unbulleted_list 5.69% 19.069 3 Template:Cite_web 3.33% 11.146 1 Template:URL 3.26% 10.933 1 Template:Start_date_and_age 1.30% 4.360 1 Template:Years_or_months_ago Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:56044272-0!canonical and timestamp 20240713141257 and revision id 1071522992. 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