questions stringlengths 37 1.22k | reasoning stringlengths 0 3.56k ⌀ | answers stringlengths 4 138 |
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What alloy is made from copper and zinc?
Here are the choices:
A. brass
B. iron
C. manganate
D. stele | Brass saxophone: Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. It is softer than bronze and easier to shape. It's also very shiny. Notice the curved pieces in this shiny brass saxophone. Brass is used for shaping many other curved objects, such as doorknobs and plumbing fixtures. Stainless steel sink: Stainless steel is a type... | A: brass. |
The accumulation of what cells begin the development of the vertebral column and thoracic cage?
Here are the choices:
A. semiosis cells
B. hindbrain cells
C. False cells
D. mesenchyme cells | Development of the Vertebral Column and Thoracic cage Development of the vertebrae begins with the accumulation of mesenchyme cells from each sclerotome around the notochord. These cells differentiate into a hyaline cartilage model for each vertebra, which then grow and eventually ossify into bone through the process o... | D: mesenchyme cells. |
What are terrestrial biomes determined by?
Here are the choices:
A. time and temperature
B. moisture and elevation
C. temperature and moisture
D. pressure and temperature | Terrestrial biomes are determined mainly by temperature and moisture. Plants are the primary producers. Examples of terrestrial biomes include tropical rainforests, temperate grasslands, and tundra. | C: temperature and moisture. |
What protects reptiles from injury and loss of water?
Here are the choices:
A. pores
B. scales
C. hairs
D. tail | Molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration until an equilibrium is met. The molecules continue to cross the membrane at equilibrium, but at equal rates in both directions. | B: scales. |
What are the different feeding positions in a food chain or web called?
Here are the choices:
A. Primary Level
B. trophic levels
C. convoluted levels
D. neural levels | The different feeding positions in a food chain or web are called trophic levels. Generally, there are no more than four trophic levels because energy and biomass decrease from lower to higher levels. | B: trophic levels. |
What is the joint where the pelvic girdle and leg come together?
Here are the choices:
A. hip socket
B. hip joint
C. femur joint
D. meniscus | 11.6 Appendicular Muscles of the Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limbs The pelvic girdle attaches the legs to the axial skeleton. The hip joint is where the pelvic girdle and the leg come together. The hip is joined to the pelvic girdle by many muscles. In the gluteal region, the psoas major and iliacus form the iliopsoas. The... | B: hip joint. |
Snails, scallops, and squids are examples of invertebrates called what?
Here are the choices:
A. mollusks
B. clams
C. orthopods
D. gastropods | Mollusks are invertebrates such as snails, scallops, and squids. | A: mollusks. |
Synthesis, decomposition, replacement, and combustion are all types of what reaction?
Here are the choices:
A. mineral
B. chemical
C. toxic
D. natural | Types of chemical reactions include synthesis, decomposition, replacement, and combustion reactions. | B: chemical. |
What are the devices placed in electric circuits where charge can build up, which store energy when charged and release it when they discharge?
Here are the choices:
A. resistors
B. generators
C. antennas
D. capacitors | When current flows through wires and resistors in a circuit as a result of a difference in electric potential, charge does not build up significantly anywhere on its path. Capacitors are devices placed in electric circuits where charge can build up. The amount of charge a capacitor can store before it “fills up” depend... | D: capacitors. |
What is the hinged structure attached to the cranium that allows an animal to grasp and tear its food?
Here are the choices:
A. throat
B. jaw
C. neck
D. tooth | Gnathostomes: Jawed Fishes Gnathostomes or “jaw-mouths” are vertebrates that possess jaws. One of the most significant developments in early vertebrate evolution was the development of the jaw, which is a hinged structure attached to the cranium that allows an animal to grasp and tear its food. The evolution of jaws al... | B: jaw. |
The svedberg unit is a measure of the rate of what, which is tested in a centrifuge?
Here are the choices:
A. secretion
B. precipitation
C. sedimentation
D. temperature | The two ribosomal subunits are named base on their sedmentation rate in a centrifuge. The unit of measurement is the Svedberg unit , a measure of the rate of sedimentation, not the size. This accounts for why fragment names do not add up (70S is made of 50S and 30S). | C: sedimentation. |
Muscles and skin are examples of what, consisting of specialized cells?
Here are the choices:
A. ligaments
B. molecules
C. tissues
D. layers | C: tissues. | |
When do cells acquire different identities in an ordered spatial arrangement?
Here are the choices:
A. before morphogenesis
B. during mitosis
C. during morphogenesis
D. larval stage | C: during morphogenesis. | |
What structures sweep laterally, hugging the pelvic walls, then turn medially and pierce the bladder wall obliquely?
Here are the choices:
A. fallopian tube
B. ureters
C. catheters
D. tubules | Ureters The kidneys and ureters are completely retroperitoneal, and the bladder has a peritoneal covering only over the dome. As urine is formed, it drains into the calyces of the kidney, which merge to form the funnel-shaped renal pelvis in the hilum of each kidney. The hilum narrows to become the ureter of each kidne... | B: ureters. |
What was the last supercontinent on earth?
Here are the choices:
A. rodinia
B. eurasia
C. laurasia
D. pangaea | There are times in Earth history when all of the continents come together to form a supercontinent . Supercontinents come together and then break apart. Pangaea was the last supercontinent on Earth, but it was not the first. The supercontinent before Pangaea is called Rodinia. Rodinia contained about 75% of the contine... | D: pangaea. |
When conditions deteriorate, hydras can reproduce sexually, forming resistant zygotes that remain dormant until when?
Here are the choices:
A. Hydras choose
B. Spring
C. conditions improve
D. Temperature rise | C: conditions improve. | |
Because collisions are ______, energy can be transferred between molecules during them.
Here are the choices:
A. inelastic
B. preservative
C. elastic
D. conductive | Energy can be transferred between molecules during collisions. Collisions are completely elastic. | C: elastic. |
What is the tendency of an object to remain at rest or remain in motion called?
Here are the choices:
A. impetus
B. flow
C. inertia
D. magnetism | 4.2 Newton’s First Law of Motion: Inertia • Newton’s first law of motion states that a body at rest remains at rest, or, if in motion, remains in motion at a constant velocity unless acted on by a net external force. This is also known as the law of inertia. • Inertia is the tendency of an object to remain at rest or r... | C: inertia. |
The pituitary gland is called the “master gland” of what system?
Here are the choices:
A. endocrine
B. digestive
C. nervous
D. hormonal | The pea-sized pituitary gland is just below the hypothalamus and attached directly to it. The pituitary receives hormones from the hypothalamus. It also secretes its own hormones. Most pituitary hormones control other endocrine glands. That’s why the pituitary gland is called the “master gland” of the endocrine system.... | A: endocrine. |
What links together to form long polymeric chains?
Here are the choices:
A. lipids
B. peptides
C. nucleotides
D. genes | (a) When pyrimidine or purine and a sugar react to form a glycosidic bond, a nucleoside is produced. Adding a phosphoric acid group to the sugar of a nucleoside produces a nucleotide. (b) Nucleotides link together to form long polymeric chains. A DNA molecule consists of two such chains held together by hydrogen bondin... | C: nucleotides. |
What type of electrons does carbon have?
Here are the choices:
A. ionic
B. gradient
C. valence
D. shell | Carbon is a nonmetal in group 14 of the periodic table. Like other group 14 compounds, carbon has four valence electrons. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outer energy level of an atom that are involved in chemical bonds. The valence electrons of carbon are shown in Figure below . | C: valence. |
What do doctors call farsightedness or the inability to see close objects clearly?
Here are the choices:
A. dysarthria
B. hypopia
C. hyperopia
D. myopia | Farsightedness is also known as hyperopia . It affects about one fourth of people. People with hyperopia can see distant objects clearly, but nearby objects appear blurry. In hyperopia, the eye is too short. This results in images being focused in back of the retina ( Figure above ). Hyperopia is corrected with a conve... | C: hyperopia. |
What type of simple inheritance is too simplified to explain most human traits?
Here are the choices:
A. etiology
B. spontaneous mutation
C. mitosis
D. mendelian | Most human traits have more complex modes of inheritance than simple Mendelian inheritance. For example, the traits may be controlled by multiple alleles or multiple genes. | D: mendelian. |
The sun emits energy in the form of what?
Here are the choices:
A. microwave radiation
B. particles radiation
C. mechanical radiation
D. electromagnetic radiation | Figure 5.10 The sun emits energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation. This radiation exists in different wavelengths, each of which has its own characteristic energy. Visible light is one type of energy emitted from the sun. | D: electromagnetic radiation. |
The number of electrons in the outer energy level determines what property of nonmetals?
Here are the choices:
A. vibration
B. reactivity
C. permeability
D. density | Some nonmetals are very reactive, whereas others are not reactive at all. It depends on the number of electrons in their outer energy level. | B: reactivity. |
Acids are the opposites of what?
Here are the choices:
A. solids
B. water
C. bases
D. gas | Acids and bases have had many uses throughout history. In this chapter we want to explore the properties of acids and bases and the reactions in which they take part. | C: bases. |
What is the process in which gases are exchanged between the body and the outside air?
Here are the choices:
A. metabolism
B. ingestion
C. precipitation
D. respiration | Respiration is the process in which gases are exchanged between the body and the outside air. The lungs and other organs of the respiratory system bring oxygen into the body and release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. | D: respiration. |
Steam consists of what common and essential element in its gaseous phase?
Here are the choices:
A. plasma
B. carbon dioxide
C. water
D. air | C: water. | |
The capsid is made from the what that are encoded by viral genes within their genome?
Here are the choices:
A. acids
B. hormones
C. proteins
D. lipids | Viruses vary in their structure. A virus particle consists of DNA or RNA within a protective protein coat called a capsid. The shape of the capsid may vary from one type of virus to another. The capsid is made from the proteins that are encoded by viral genes within their genome. | C: proteins. |
Methane, ethane, and propane are three of the smallest what?
Here are the choices:
A. organisms
B. microorganisms
C. alkanes
D. atoms | The three smallest alkanes are methane, ethane, and propane. Some hydrocarbons have one or more carbon–carbon double bonds (denoted C=C). These hydrocarbons are called alkenes. http://catalog. flatworldknowledge. com/bookhub/reader/2547 - gobch04_s06_f02shows the formulas and the molecular models of the two simplest al... | C: alkanes. |
The number of neutrons and electrons may vary or change in an atom. what happens to the number of protons?
Here are the choices:
A. depends
B. decreases
C. increases
D. remains the same | The number of protons per atom is always the same for a given element. However, the number of neutrons may vary, and the number of electrons can change. | D: remains the same. |
In biological augmentation, ecologists use what to add essential materials to ecosystems?
Here are the choices:
A. organisms
B. fluids
C. sediments
D. stem cells | A: organisms. | |
What kind of interference is observed when the paths differ by a whole wavelength, and the waves arrive in phase?
Here are the choices:
A. necessary interference
B. non-interference
C. constructive interference
D. spontaneous interference | To understand the double slit interference pattern, we consider how two waves travel from the slits to the screen, as illustrated in Figure 27.13. Each slit is a different distance from a given point on the screen. Thus different numbers of wavelengths fit into each path. Waves start out from the slits in phase (crest ... | C: constructive interference. |
What are mudskipper fish able to do in short distances?
Here are the choices:
A. walk
B. spit
C. run
D. tumble | Thomas H Brown. Mudskippers are fish that are able to walk short distances . CC-BY 2.0. | A: walk. |
What is the major cause of disease in agricultural crops?
Here are the choices:
A. drought
B. bacteria
C. pollution
D. fungi | Some fungi have a different kind of relationship with plants. They are plant parasites. They get food from the plants and cause harm to the plants in return. Fungi are the major causes of disease in agricultural crops. They may eventually kill their plant hosts. | D: fungi. |
What type of reproduction occurs in almost all fungi?
Here are the choices:
A. budding
B. fragmentation
C. asexual
D. sexual | Sexual reproduction also occurs in virtually all fungi. This involves mating between two haploid hyphae. During mating, two haploid parent cells fuse, forming a diploid spore called a zygospore . The zygospore is genetically different from the parents. After the zygospore germinates, it can undergo meiosis, forming hap... | D: sexual. |
What protists absorb food molecules across their cell membranes?
Here are the choices:
A. absorptive
B. dielectric
C. solid
D. fibrous | Absorptive protists absorb food molecules across their cell membranes. This occurs by diffusion . These protists are important decomposers. | A: absorptive. |
How do dogs lose body heat?
Here are the choices:
A. eating
B. barking
C. panting
D. sweating | One way mammals lose excess heat is by increasing blood flow to the skin. This warms the skin so heat can be given off to the environment. That’s why you may get flushed, or red in the face, when you exercise on a hot day. You are likely to sweat as well. Sweating also reduces body heat. Sweat wets the skin, and when i... | C: panting. |
The electron transport chains are located on the inner membrane of which organelle?
Here are the choices:
A. axon
B. mitochondrion
C. chloroplast
D. lysosome | High-energy electrons are released from NADH and FADH 2 , and they move along electron transport chains, like those used in photosynthesis. The electron transport chains are on the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. As the high-energy electrons are transported along the chains, some of their energy is captured. This ... | B: mitochondrion. |
What happens to growth of plants and bacteria in warmer regions?
Here are the choices:
A. they are stunted
B. they grow faster
C. they mutate
D. they grow slower | In warmer regions, plants and bacteria grow faster. Plants and animals weather material and produce soils. In tropical regions, where temperature and precipitation are consistently high, thick soils form. Arid regions have thin soils. | B: they grow faster. |
Electromagnetic waves are generally caused by magnetic fields doing what (or moving in what way)?
Here are the choices:
A. vibrating
B. folding
C. rippling
D. revolving | An electromagnetic wave begins when an electrically charged particle vibrates. The Figure below shows how this happens. A vibrating charged particle causes the electric field surrounding it to vibrate as well. A vibrating electric field, in turn, creates a vibrating magnetic field. The two types of vibrating fields com... | A: vibrating. |
Exposure to what can increase the amount of pigment in the skin and make it appear darker?
Here are the choices:
A. gamma rays
B. ultraviolet radiation
C. nuclear radiation
D. sunlight | Genes are a major determinant of human skin color. However, exposure to ultraviolet radiation can increase the amount of pigment in the skin and make it appear darker. | B: ultraviolet radiation. |
Most of the trash in the ocean is made of what material?
Here are the choices:
A. styrofoam
B. wood
C. plastic
D. hydrocarbons | Much of the trash in the oceans is plastic. Many types of plastic do not degrade. Some break down into plastic molecules, but these can also be a pollutant. Plastic shopping bags are extremely abundant in the oceans. Since water runs from land into the sea, chemicals can end up in the sea. Pesticides, herbicides, and f... | C: plastic. |
What is the name of the glands that produce milk in female mammals ?
Here are the choices:
A. sebaceous glands
B. mammary glands
C. recombinant glands
D. fetal glands | Female mammals have mammary glands . The glands produce milk after the birth of offspring. Milk is a nutritious fluid. It contains disease-fighting molecules as well as all the nutrients a baby mammal needs. Producing milk for an offspring is called lactation . | B: mammary glands. |
The conductive cells within the heart establish the heart rate and transmit it through the what?
Here are the choices:
A. neurons
B. myocardium
C. meiosis
D. conduction | 19.2 Cardiac Muscle and Electrical Activity The heart is regulated by both neural and endocrine control, yet it is capable of initiating its own action potential followed by muscular contraction. The conductive cells within the heart establish the heart rate and transmit it through the myocardium. The contractile cells... | B: myocardium. |
What is the opening in the front of the eye?
Here are the choices:
A. the iris
B. the pupil
C. the cornea
D. the macula | The pupil is an opening in the front of the eye. It looks black because it doesn’t reflect any light. It allows light to enter the eye. The pupil automatically gets bigger or smaller to let more or less light in as needed. | B: the pupil. |
Binary transition-metal compounds, such as the oxides and sulfides, are usually written with idealized what?
Here are the choices:
A. noble gases
B. fluctuations
C. stoichiometries
D. speciation | VII *The convention of using roman numerals to indicate the oxidation states of a metal is used here. Binary transition-metal compounds, such as the oxides and sulfides, are usually written with idealized stoichiometries, such as FeO or FeS, but these compounds are usually cation deficient and almost never contain a 1:... | C: stoichiometries. |
What disease refers to the dangerous buildup of fatty materials in blood vessels?
Here are the choices:
A. fibrosis
B. arthritis
C. gout
D. atherosclerosis | A unique mutation is found in people in a small town in Italy. The mutation protects them from developing atherosclerosis, which is the dangerous buildup of fatty materials in blood vessels. The individual in which the mutation first appeared has even been identified. | D: atherosclerosis. |
Which nerve directly stimulates the contraction of skeletal muscles in the pharynx and larynx to contribute to the swallowing and speech functions?
Here are the choices:
A. glands nerve
B. larynx nerve
C. gland nerve
D. vagus nerve | Nerves of the Face and Oral Cavity An iconic part of a doctor’s visit is the inspection of the oral cavity and pharynx, suggested by the directive to “open your mouth and say ‘ah. ’” This is followed by inspection, with the aid of a tongue depressor, of the back of the mouth, or the opening of the oral cavity into the ... | D: vagus nerve. |
What do we call coiled structures made of dna and proteins?
Here are the choices:
A. chromosomes
B. Organisms
C. nodes
D. Molecules | Chromosomes are coiled structures made of DNA and proteins. They form after DNA replicates and are the form in which the genetic material goes through cell division. Chromosomes contain genes, which code for proteins. | A: chromosomes. |
Energy comes in discrete packages called what?
Here are the choices:
A. quasi
B. quanta
C. quasar
D. quota | Energy comes in discrete packages called quanta. | B: quanta. |
Which type of cell can carry out more functions, eukaryotic cells or prokaryotic cells?
Here are the choices:
A. both
B. eukaryotic cells
C. chromosomal cells
D. Prokaryotic Cells | In addition to having a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, a nucleus and ribosomes, eukaryotic cells also contain membrane-bound organelles . Each organelle in a eukaryote has a distinct function. Because of their complex level of organization, eukaryotic cells can carry out many more functions than prokaryotic cells. The mai... | B: eukaryotic cells. |
When vascular disease causes stiffening of arteries, compliance is reduced and resistance to blood flow is increased. the result is more turbulence, higher pressure within the vessel, and reduced blood flow. this increases the work of this?
Here are the choices:
A. brain
B. heart
C. lung
D. muscles | Compliance Compliance is the ability of any compartment to expand to accommodate increased content. A metal pipe, for example, is not compliant, whereas a balloon is. The greater the compliance of an artery, the more effectively it is able to expand to accommodate surges in blood flow without increased resistance or bl... | B: heart. |
Animals that do not have internal control of their body temperature are called what?
Here are the choices:
A. athermal
B. photophores
C. ectotherms
D. cold-blooded | Thermoregulation Animals can be divided into two groups: those that maintain a constant body temperature in the face of differing environmental temperatures, and those that have a body temperature that is the same as their environment and thus varies with the environmental temperature. Animals that do not have internal... | C: ectotherms. |
What do optical fibres look like?
Here are the choices:
A. flat paper
B. square boxes
C. big flashlights
D. thin glass tubes | Besides entertaining a cat, laser light has many other uses. It is used to scan bar codes, for example, and to carry communication signals in optical fibers. Optical fibers are extremely thin glass tubes that are used to guide laser light (see Figure below ). Sounds or pictures are encoded in pulses of laser light, whi... | D: thin glass tubes. |
Genetics is the branch of biology that focuses on heredity in what?
Here are the choices:
A. organisms
B. schools
C. vacuums
D. fruits | Genetics is the branch of biology that focuses on heredity in organisms. | A: organisms. |
What type of protein is a protein molecule that is attached to, or associated with the membrane of a cell or an organelle?
Here are the choices:
A. membrane protein
B. rod protein
C. conduction protein
D. amino acid | The second main component of plasma membranes are the variety of proteins. A membrane protein is a protein molecule that is attached to, or associated with the membrane of a cell or an organelle. Membrane proteins can be put into two groups based on how the protein is associated with the membrane: (1) integral membrane... | A: membrane protein. |
What is defined as the ability to cause changes in matter?
Here are the choices:
A. energy
B. nuclear
C. evolution
D. momentum | Energy is defined as the ability to cause changes in matter. You can change energy from one form to another when you lift your arm or take a step. In each case, energy is used to move matter — you. The energy of moving matter is called kinetic energy . | A: energy. |
What group of animals has permeable skin that makes them vulnerable to pollution?
Here are the choices:
A. reptiles
B. mammals
C. amphibians
D. fish | Amphibians have permeable skin that easily absorbs substances from the environment. This may explain why they seem to be especially sensitive to pollution. Monitoring the health and survival of amphibians may help people detect pollution early, before other organisms are affected. | C: amphibians. |
A period is a horizontal row of the what?
Here are the choices:
A. species table
B. periodic table
C. cycles table
D. phases table | A period is a horizontal row of the periodic table. There are seven periods in the periodic table, with each one beginning at the far left. A new period begins when a new principal energy level begins filling with electrons. Period 1 has only two elements (hydrogen and helium), while periods 2 and 3 have 8 elements. Pe... | B: periodic table. |
What term refers to any method of removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it in another form?
Here are the choices:
A. carbon metamorphosis
B. carbon footprint
C. carbon transfer
D. carbon sequestration | Carbon sequestration is any way of removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it in another form. Carbon is sequestered naturally by forests. Trees take in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. Artificial methods of sequestering carbon underground are being researched. | D: carbon sequestration. |
What system protects the body from worms, germs, and other agents of harm?
Here are the choices:
A. lymph system
B. digestion
C. hormones
D. immune | The immune system protects the body from worms, germs, and other agents of harm. The immune system is like a medieval castle. The outside of the castle was protected by a moat and high stone walls. Inside the castle, soldiers were ready to fight off any invaders that managed to get through the outer defenses. Like a me... | D: immune. |
Most members of the animal kingdom have differentiated tissues of four main classes—nervous, muscular, connective, and this?
Here are the choices:
A. neural
B. digestive
C. epithelial
D. crystalline | ingest their food and usually develop into motile creatures with a fixed body plan. Most members of the animal kingdom have differentiated tissues of four main classes—nervous, muscular, connective, and epithelial—that are specialized to perform different functions. Most animals reproduce sexually, leading to a develop... | C: epithelial. |
Which ancient fish has just two living species and is at risk of extinction?
Here are the choices:
A. squids
B. coelacanths
C. hominids
D. latimeria | Coelacanths are ancient fish with just two living species. They are at risk of extinction because of their very small numbers. | B: coelacanths. |
A decline in blood flow to what organs stimulates release of the enzyme renin, in turn stimulating the reabsorption of sodium and water?
Here are the choices:
A. thyroids
B. kidneys
C. kidneys
D. lungs | Kidneys The kidneys participate in several complex endocrine pathways and produce certain hormones. A decline in blood flow to the kidneys stimulates them to release the enzyme renin, triggering the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) system, and stimulating the reabsorption of sodium and water. The reabsorption incre... | B: kidneys. |
What common air pollutant is characterized by its sharp odor and often triggers asthma attacks?
Here are the choices:
A. pigment dioxide
B. plant dioxide
C. Carbon Dioxide
D. nitrogen dioxide | Nitrogen dioxide is a toxic gas with a sharp odor. It can irritate the eyes and throat and trigger asthma attacks. It is a major air pollutant. | D: nitrogen dioxide. |
In addition to a nucleus what do eukaryotic cells have?
Here are the choices:
A. protons
B. nutrons
C. electrons
D. organelles | Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound structures called organelles. | D: organelles. |
What term is used to describe a cross between two individuals that have different traits?
Here are the choices:
A. assimilation
B. fraternization
C. hybridization
D. purebreed | Mendel first worked with plants that differed in a single characteristic, such as flower color. A hybridization is a cross between two individuals that have different traits. A hybridization in which only one characteristic is examined is called a monohybrid cross . The offspring of such a cross are called monohybrids.... | C: hybridization. |
What also happens when people feel anxious and breathe too fast?
Here are the choices:
A. they become lightheaded
B. they become hostile
C. they become elated
D. they become pettite | Sometimes people who are feeling anxious breathe too fast and become lightheaded. This is called hyperventilation. Hyperventilation can upset the pH balance of the blood, resulting in blood that is too basic. Explain why. | A: they become lightheaded. |
Which two systems together provide support to the body and allow for movement?
Here are the choices:
A. muscular and nervous
B. skeletal and muscular
C. vascular and muscular
D. skeletal and digestive | 16.5 | Musculoskeletal System By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Discuss the axial and appendicular parts of the skeletal system • Explain the role of joints in skeletal movement • Explain the role of muscles in locomotion The muscular and skeletal systems provide support to the body and allow for movem... | B: skeletal and muscular. |
The chromosomes that have a mixture of maternal and paternal sequence are called what?
Here are the choices:
A. gene
B. recombinant
C. DNA
D. antibodies | Figure 7.3 In this illustration of the effects of crossing over, the blue chromosome came from the individual’s father and the red chromosome came from the individual’s mother. Crossover occurs between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes. The result is an exchange of genetic material between homologous chro... | B: recombinant. |
Different types of home heating systems all function by producing what type of energy?
Here are the choices:
A. distinct
B. electron
C. natural
D. thermal | Types of home heating systems include hot-water, warm-air, and solar heating systems. All of them have the same basic function: producing thermal energy and transferring it to air throughout the house. | D: thermal. |
Nutrients the body needs in relatively large amounts are called what?
Here are the choices:
A. micronutrients
B. vitamins
C. macronutrients
D. minerals | Nutrients the body needs in relatively large amounts are called macronutrients . They include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and water. All macronutrients except water can be used by the body for energy. (The energy in food is measured in a unit called a Calorie. ) The exact amount of each macronutrient that an indiv... | C: macronutrients. |
Which property changes when a glass breaks?
Here are the choices:
A. density
B. its physical property
C. State
D. Chemical | When glass breaks, its physical properties change. Instead of one solid sheet of glass, it now has holes and cracks. | B: its physical property. |
What do you call large, y-shaped proteins that recognize and bind to antigens?
Here are the choices:
A. antibodies
B. proteins
C. membranes
D. parasites | Plasma cells are activated B cells that secrete antibodies. Antibodies are large, Y-shaped proteins that recognize and bind to antigens. Plasma cells are like antibody factories, producing many copies of a single type of antibody. The antibodies travel throughout the body in blood and lymph. Each antibody binds to just... | A: antibodies. |
What is the process by which plants make their own food?
Here are the choices:
A. cellular respiration
B. metabolism
C. photosynthesis
D. glycolysis | C: photosynthesis. | |
In amniotes that lay eggs, the shell of the egg provides protection for the developing embryo while being permeable enough to allow for the exchange of carbon dioxide and this?
Here are the choices:
A. gas
B. tissue
C. oxygen
D. Protein | Characteristics of Amniotes The amniotic egg is the key characteristic of amniotes. In amniotes that lay eggs, the shell of the egg provides protection for the developing embryo while being permeable enough to allow for the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen. The albumin, or egg white, provides the embryo with water... | C: oxygen. |
What term is used to describe viruses that live in a dormant state inside the body?
Here are the choices:
A. potential
B. dorment
C. hidden
D. latency | Some viruses live in a dormant state inside the body. This is called latency . For example, the virus that causes chicken pox may infect a young child and cause the short-term disease chicken pox. Then the virus may remain latent in nerve cells within the body for decades. The virus may re-emerge later in life as the d... | D: latency. |
What is the main component of phytoplankton?
Here are the choices:
A. coral
B. algae
C. sponge
D. seawater | Algae play significant roles as producers in aquatic ecosystems. Microscopic forms live suspended in the water column. They are the main component of phytoplankton . As such, they contribute to the food base of most marine ecosystems. | B: algae. |
Compounds that contain mainly the elements carbon and hydrogen are called what kind of compounds?
Here are the choices:
A. organic compounds
B. microscopic compounds
C. natural compounds
D. reactive compounds | Compounds that contain mainly the elements carbon and hydrogen are called organic compounds . This is because they are found mainly in living organisms. Most organic compounds are held together by covalent bonds. An example of an organic compound is glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), which is shown in Figure below . Glucose is a... | A: organic compounds. |
What type of diagnosis happens before a baby is born?
Here are the choices:
A. prenatal
B. postnatal
C. fetal
D. maternal | Prenatal diagnosis refers to the diagnosis of a disease or condition before the baby is born. | A: prenatal. |
Unlike nuclear fission, which involves dangerous radioisotopes, nuclear fusion involves what two harmless elements?
Here are the choices:
A. hydrogen and carbon
B. hydrogen and oxygen
C. hydrogen and helium
D. magnesium and helium | The use of nuclear fusion for energy has several pros. Unlike nuclear fission, which involves dangerous radioisotopes, nuclear fusion involves hydrogen and helium. These elements are harmless. Hydrogen is also very plentiful. There is a huge amount of hydrogen in ocean water. The hydrogen in just a gallon of water coul... | C: hydrogen and helium. |
What is another environmental benefit of conserving resources?
Here are the choices:
A. lower prices
B. less trash
C. warmer temperatures
D. more jobs | When we conserve resources, we also cut down on the trash we produce. Americans throw out 340 million tons of trash each year. We throw out 2.5 million plastic bottles alone—every hour! Most of what we throw out ends up in landfills ( Figure below ). In a landfill, all those plastic bottles take hundreds of years to br... | B: less trash. |
The bright color of poison dart frogs serves what purpose?
Here are the choices:
A. attracting predators
B. warning predators
C. no purpose
D. attracting mates | Poison dart frogs have toxins in their skin. Their bright colors warn potential predators not to take a bite!. | B: warning predators. |
What consist of chains of small molecules called nucleotides?
Here are the choices:
A. structural acids
B. Atomic acids
C. nucleic acids
D. nitrous acids | Nucleic acids are biochemical compounds that include RNA (ribonucleic acid) and DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). Nucleic acids consist of chains of small molecules called nucleotides. Nucleotides are the monomers of nucleic acids. A nucleotide is shown in Figure below . | C: nucleic acids. |
Atmospheric pressure can be measured with what tool?
Here are the choices:
A. ruler
B. barometer
C. thermometer
D. scale | Atmospheric pressure can be measured with a barometer. | B: barometer. |
What kind of charge do electrons have?
Here are the choices:
A. positive
B. effective
C. unusual
D. negative | electrons, which have a negative electric charge. | D: negative. |
What are lipids that contain phosphorus called?
Here are the choices:
A. phospholipids
B. amino acids
C. alkaloids
D. eukaryotes | Some lipids contain the element phosphorus as well as oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen. These lipids are called phospholipids. Two layers of phospholipid molecules make up most of the cell membrane in the cells of living things. | A: phospholipids. |
How many chambers does the stomach of a ruminant have?
Here are the choices:
A. 3
B. 1
C. 5
D. 4 | D: 4. | |
What states that chemical reactions occur when atoms, ions, or molecules collide?
Here are the choices:
A. reaction theory
B. collision theory
C. disturbance theory
D. elemental theory | Collision theory states that chemical reactions occur when atoms, ions, or molecules collide. In other words, these species need to make contact with one another in order for a reaction to take place. Based on this concept, along with a couple of other key points, collision theory helps to explain why certain factors w... | B: collision theory. |
Biological macromolecules are organic, which means that they must contain what?
Here are the choices:
A. hydrogen
B. oxygen
C. carbon
D. aluminum | 2.3 | Biological Molecules By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Describe the ways in which carbon is critical to life • Explain the impact of slight changes in amino acids on organisms • Describe the four major types of biological molecules • Understand the functions of the four major types of molecules T... | C: carbon. |
What do you call the membrane lining the back of the eye?
Here are the choices:
A. cornea
B. stimulation
C. retina
D. aperture | The retina is a membrane lining the back of the eye. The retina has nerve cells called rods and cones that change images to electrical signals. Rods are good at sensing dim light but can’t distinguish different colors of light. Cones can sense colors but not dim light. There are three different types of cones. Each typ... | C: retina. |
Lacking blood vessels, nerve endings, or glands, the epidermis is the outer layer of what?
Here are the choices:
A. brain
B. skin
C. liver
D. lungs | The epidermis is the outer layer of skin. It consists almost entirely of epithelial cells. There are no blood vessels, nerve endings, or glands in this skin layer. Nonetheless, this layer of skin is very active. It is constantly being renewed. How does this happen?. | B: skin. |
The deepest region of the adrenal cortex is the zona reticularis, which produces small amounts of a class of steroid sex hormones called what?
Here are the choices:
A. androgens
B. testosterone
C. estrogen
D. dioxins | Hormones of the Zona Reticularis The deepest region of the adrenal cortex is the zona reticularis, which produces small amounts of a class of steroid sex hormones called androgens. During puberty and most of adulthood, androgens are produced in the gonads. The androgens produced in the zona reticularis supplement the g... | A: androgens. |
All living things maintain a stable internal environment through what process?
Here are the choices:
A. alertness
B. consciousness
C. maintenance
D. homeostasis | All living things have ways of maintaining a stable internal environment. This stable condition is called homeostasis. | D: homeostasis. |
Tropical rainforests are an example of a climate that occurs near what?
Here are the choices:
A. equator
B. tundras
C. deserts
D. poles | Tropical wet climates occur at or very near the Equator. They have high rainfall year round. Tropical rainforests ( FIgure below ) grow in this type of climate. | A: equator. |
What changes the chemical composition of a substance and can only occur through a chemical reaction?
Here are the choices:
A. mineral changes
B. carbon changes
C. chemical changes
D. Oxygen Changes | Pure substances, such as compounds, can be separated through chemical changes. Chemical changes change the chemical composition of a substance and can only occur through a chemical reaction. | C: chemical changes. |
What term is used to describe the way that animals interact with each other or their environment?
Here are the choices:
A. animal behavior
B. animal range
C. animal magnetism
D. animal decline | Animal behavior is any way that animals interact with each other or their environment. Many animal behaviors promote fitness by increasing the chances of surviving or reproducing. If such behaviors are controlled by genes, they evolve by natural selection. | A: animal behavior. |
What kind of bees are most adult bees in a hive?
Here are the choices:
A. larvae
B. queens
C. drones
D. worker bees | Most of the adult bees in a colony are workers. They cooperate to build the hive, collect food, and care for the young. Each worker has a specific task to perform, depending on its age. Young worker bees clean the hive and feed the offspring. Older worker bees build the waxy honeycomb or guard the hive. The oldest work... | D: worker bees. |
In most animals, the circulatory system is used to transport blood through the what?
Here are the choices:
A. nerves
B. fur
C. stratum corneum
D. body | CHAPTER SUMMARY 40.1 Overview of the Circulatory System In most animals, the circulatory system is used to transport blood through the body. Some primitive animals use diffusion for the exchange of water, nutrients, and gases. However, complex organisms use the circulatory system to carry gases, nutrients, and waste th... | D: body. |
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