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Nichigetsu-Ohanjin Ohanjin with characters which express sun and moon on both sides or above and under of Rago (Ohanjin). It is said to have succeeded the nature of Susano with which Ohanjin was syncretized.	日月黄幡神羅睺(黄幡神)の左右もしくは上下に太陽と月を表す文字や絵が刻まれた黄幡神習合したスサノオの性質を継承したものといわれる。
Nisshoku (Gesshoku) Ohanjin Ohanjin with a black circle (sometimes partly black only) expresses solar or lunar eclipse on the Rago (Ohanjin).	日食(月食)黄幡神羅睺(黄幡神)に日食もしくは月食を表す黒円(円の一部が黒い場合もあり)が刻まれた黄幡神。
It is said to express the nature of the Rago star which causes solar and lunar eclipse. Jakei Ohanjin Rago (Ohanjin) is Ohanjin, having turned totally into snake form.	日食・月食を引き起こす羅睺星の性質を表したものとされる蛇形黄幡神羅睺(黄幡神)の姿が完全にヘビと化している黄幡神。
It is said to express its origin Rafu or its tally Ketu.	原型であるラーフを表したものとも、半身であるケートゥを表したものであるともいわれる。
Consolidated Ohanjin Ohanjin as a consolidation of the above varieties.	複合型黄幡神上記の要素が組み合わさった黄幡神。
His collection of Waka includes 'Hokuhen Seishokashu' and his collection of poems 'Ginkosha Shiko.'	歌集に「北辺成章家集」、詩集に「吟候社詩稿」がある。
Nobumichi MATSUDAIRA was the third lord of the Kameyama Domain, Tanba Province. The eighth family head of the Katahara-Matsudaira family in the Kameyama Domain, Tanba Province.	松平信道（まつだいらのぶみち）は、丹波亀山藩の第3代藩主。丹波亀山藩形原松平家8代。
Died on September 15, 1791. Died at the age of 30. His first son Nobutaka succeeded to his position.	寛政3年（1791年）8月18日に死去。享年30。後を長男・信彰が継いだ。
Sanesada TOKUDAIJI (1139 - February 1, 1192) was a court noble and poet who lived in the closing days of the Heian period and into the Kamakura period. His father was Kinyoshi TOKUDAIJI. His mother was Goshi, the daughter of FUJIWARA no Toshitada. He was the nephew of FUJIWARA no Toshinari (Shunzei), and the cousin of ...	徳大寺実定（とくだいじさねさだ、保延5年（1139年） - 建久2年12月16日 (旧暦)（1192年2月1日））は、平安時代末期から鎌倉時代初期にかけての公家・歌人。父は徳大寺公能（きんよし）。母は藤原俊忠の娘豪子。藤原俊成の甥、藤原定家の従兄弟にあたる。
A "maneki-neko" is an ornament in the shape of a cat beckoning with a forepaw. Because cats would get rid of mice that feed on agricultural crops and silkworms, a maneki-neko was a lucky charm for sericulture in ancient times. Since the sericulture has declined, it has been regarded as a lucky charm for a pro...	招き猫（まねきねこ）は、前足で人を招く形をした、ネコの置物。猫は農作物やカイコを食べるネズミを駆除するため、古くは養蚕の縁起物でもあった。養蚕が衰退してからは商売繁盛の縁起物とされている。
It is included in "Taisho Shinshu Daizokyo" (A collection of Buddhist Scriptures compiled in 100 volumes), Volume 48, 'Shoshu bu' (All the sects) Chapter 5.	『大正新脩大蔵経』第48巻「諸宗部」5に収められている。
Yasuko IKENOBO (April 18, 1942 -) is a Japanese politician. She is a member of the Diet and belongs to the New Komeito Party (fourth period). She is also an expert at flower arrangement.	池坊保子（いけのぼうやすこ、1942年4月18日 ‐）は、日本の政治家。公明党所属の国会議員（4期）。華道家。
Shigetane KOKUBUN (1262? - January 20, 1331) was a samurai who is said to have lived in the Miyagi County, Mutsu Province in the Kamakura period. It is said that he was the fifth head of the Kokubun family, but there is also a doubt that he might not have existed.	国分重胤（こくぶんしげたね、弘長2年（1262年）? - 元徳2年12月4日 (旧暦)（1331年1月12日））は、日本の鎌倉時代に陸奥国宮城郡にいたとされる武士である。国分氏 (陸奥国)第5世の当主とされるが、実在しない可能性がある。
Kikokusenkin refers to one of the economic thoughts during the Edo period, which respected rice and abhorred money. It is considered to have developed from agricultural fundamentalism.	貴穀賤金（きこくせんきん）は、江戸時代の経済思想のひとつで、米穀をとうとび、貨幣をいやしめるというもの。農本的な思想から派生したとされる。
It was Banzan KUMAZAWA who proposed senkinkikoku first. In "Shugigaisho," KUMAZAWA wrote the following.	最初に賤金貴穀を唱えたのは熊沢蕃山である。熊沢はその『集義外書』に次のように言った。
Abhorring money does not mean throwing money away, it just places the most importance on gokoku (five kinds of grain) and gold and silver are to help gokoku flourish on the ground, so that money is abhorred for gokoku to flourish,' He proposed the theory of senkinkikoku though it was not a radical one.	「タカラヲ賤ンズルトテ、ナゲスツルニハアラズ、五穀ヲ第一トシテ、金銀コレヲ助ケ、五穀下ニミチミチテ、上ノ用ニ達スルヲ貨ヲ賤ズトイフナリ」徹底した形ではないが、いわゆる賤金貴穀の説を唱えた。
During Kyoho era, Sorai OGYU and Shundai DAZAI proposed similar ideas.	享保年間には、荻生徂徠・太宰春台も同じようなことを唱えた。
You should understand that rice is the most important, and gold and silver are the second for surviving and try hard to store everyday food,'	「此所を能く呑込んで、金銀は命を救ふ第二番の物なることを知て米穀を第一、金銀を第二と心得て、平日食糧になるべき物を蓄ふることを勤むべし」
HAYASHI wrote on famine but in fact he discussed it from a viewpoint of security and his theory was different from SATO's theory of kikokusenkin which aimed for leveling-off of prices. SATO wrote the following in "Supplementary theory on Prices" and argued about maintaining a high rice price.	林は飢饉のことを言うが、実際は兵備の点から論じたものであり、佐藤の貴穀賤金論が物価の平準化を目的としているのとは異なる。佐藤は『物価余論』で以下のように言い、高い米価を維持することを論じている。
Sanyo RAI wrote the following in 'Tsugi.'	頼山陽は「通議」で次のように述べた。
若二夫銭幣一有レ之不レ飽,有レ之不レ暖,故穀帛穀不レ可二一日無一,而銭幣可二百年無一'	「若二夫銭幣一有レ之不レ飽、有レ之不レ暖、故穀帛穀不レ可二一日無一、而銭幣可二百年無一」
The theorists of abhorring money were not limited to the above scholars of the Chinese classics. For example, Norinaga MOTOORI wrote the following in 'Secret book Tamakushige,'	賤金論者は上のような漢学者のみに限らない。たとえば本居宣長は「秘本玉くしげ」で、次のように述べた。
In general, Japanese scholars of the Chinese classics and the Confucianism during the Edo period vaguely understood that the monetary system and the feudal system were hardly compatible, though not contradictory, and that it was difficult for the money economy to return to the object economy.	おしなべて江戸時代の漢学者・儒学者は、貨幣制度と封建制度との、矛盾するとは言わないまでも、相両立したがいこと、貨幣経済が物品経済に戻りにくいことをおぼろげには感じていた。
Nagas no kuni no miyatsuko (also known as Nagasa kokuzo) was a kuni no miyatsuko that ruled the east part of Awa Province in ancient Japan.	長狭国造（ながさのくにのみやつこ・ながさこくぞう)は安房国東部を支配した国造。
The Award of the Japan Art Academy refers to the awards presented by the Japan Art Academy. Prior to World War II, it was referred to as the Imperial Arts Academy Award.	日本芸術院賞（にほんげいじゅついんしょう）は日本芸術院の賞。戦前は帝国芸術院賞といった。
The Japan Art Academy presents its award to the artists, who are not the members thereof, for their achievement in creating outstanding work of art or for their contribution to the advancement of arts.	日本芸術院から、同会会員以外の者で、卓越した芸術作品を作成した者又は芸術の進歩に貢献したものに授される。
This award has been presented to the winners almost every year since its inaugural presentation ceremony held in 1941 (won by Ryohei KOISO). Since 1951, due in part to the increased number of winners, the Academy added the new award 'Onshi Sho' (Emperor's Prize) (Japan Art Academy) to present to the most...	同賞は1941年の第1回（受賞者小磯良平）からほぼ毎年贈られている。 1951年からは受賞者が増えたこともあって、その中で特に選ばれたものに『恩賜賞 (日本芸術院)』が贈られるようになった。
Subsequent to receiving the award, the winners often gain the nomination for enrollment to the Academy's membership but, in the case of one of the winners, nearly 10 years went by before the nomination was received while in the case of the other winner, the nomination finally came after that person had passed away...	受賞者の多くは、続けて日本芸術院会員に推されるが、中には推されるまで十年近くかかる人、推される前に亡くなる人、遂に推されずに終わる人などもいる。
The one-yen coin is a subsidiary coin issued by the Japanese government. It is called 'ichi en koka' or 'ichi en dama' in Japanese. It has the highest mintage of any current coin.	一円硬貨（いちえんこうか）は、日本政府発行の補助硬貨。一円玉（いちえんだま）とも呼ばれる。硬貨の中で最も製造枚数が多い。
On the head side are the designs for 'Japan', 'one yen' (both in kanji) and a sapling, while on the tail side is the number 'one' and the year of mintage.	表面には「日本国」と「一円」そして「若木」が、裏面には「1」と製造年がデザインされている。
There was no specific model for the sapling design, instead the concept is that, because there is no particular model, it can be related to any tree.	ちなみに若木のデザインのモデルは特になく、特定のモデルがないからこそ却ってどの木にも通じる、という考え方である。
It is well known that the cost to mint a one-yen coin is higher than one yen, and the more they mint, the more money they lose.	一円硬貨1枚を製造するのにかかるコストは1円以上で、造れば造るほど赤字となっているという話は有名である。
The cost of the raw material, aluminum, alone is about 0.7 yen, and it is said that the cost is around 1.6 - 1.8 yen to finish manufacturing a one-yen coin. Currently, it is said the cost to mint one coin is two yen.	原料となるアルミニウムの原価だけで1枚あたり0.7円程度かかっており、そこから1円玉として出来上がるまでに1枚あたり1.6～1.8円程度のコストがかかっていると言われている。現在では1枚製造するのに2円のコストがかかると言われている。
It corresponds to the Oinomikadooji of Heiankyo. During the Edo period the area along the street was known as a district of craftsmen. Gyogan-ji Temple (Kodo) is located east of the intersection with Teramachi-dori Street.	平安京の大炊御門大路（おおいのみかどおおじ）にあたる。江戸時代には職人の町として知られた。寺町通との交差点の東に行願寺（革堂）がある。
Gyoja or Anja has the following meanings.	行者には、次の意味がある。
Katsuragi no Onara (also called "Kazuraki no Onara"; the date of birth and death unknown) is gozoku (local ruling family) who lived during the Asuka period. He was a close adviser of Prince Shotoku. His kabane (hereditary title) was Omi. His name was written as 鳥奈良, 小楢, etc.	葛城烏那羅（かつらぎ／かずらきのおなら、生没年不明）は、飛鳥時代の豪族。聖徳太子の側近。姓（カバネ）は臣（おみ）。名の表記は烏奈良、小楢などとも。
He is considered to be a descendant of the Katsuragi clan who had power around the fifth century, but the genealogical relationship is unknown. When SOGA no Umako attacked MONONOBE no Moriya, Katsuragi joined the war along with Prince Hatsusebe, Prince Umayado, etc.	5世紀頃に勢力を有した葛城氏の末裔と思われるが、系図関係は不明。蘇我馬子が物部守屋を討った際、泊瀬部皇子・厩戸皇子らとともに参陣した。
In November, 590, Katsuragi led the retainers and followers of various clans as one of taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians") for subjugation of Shiragi (ancient Korean kingdom) and set up a camp in Tsukushi Province with over twenty-thousand troops on the Japanese side (although th...	崇峻天皇4年（590年）11月、新羅討伐大将軍の一人として諸氏の臣・連を率いて稗将部隊2万余を領し、筑紫に在陣（ただし実際に渡海はしていない）。
When Prince Umayado paid gyokei (visit of imperial person) to a hot spring in Iyo Province (called "Iyo-no-yu", probably the present-day Dogo-onsen Hot Spring), he accompanied the Prince along with a monk named Eji who was another close advisor.	厩戸皇子が伊予国の温泉（いよのゆ、現在の道後温泉か）に行啓した折には、同じく側近の僧・恵慈とともに同行した。
Tatsunosuke ICHIMURA (1846 - March 15, 1872) was a member of "Shinsengumi" (a group which guarded Kyoto during the end of Tokugawa Shogunate). He was an older brother of Tetsunosuke ICHIMURA who was a pageboy of the vice chief of Shinsengumi, Toshizo HIJIKATA. His registered name was 鋠之助 [Tatsunosuke by using...	市村辰之助（いちむらたつのすけ、弘化3年（1846年） - 明治5年2月7日 (旧暦)（1872年3月15日））は、新撰組隊士。新撰組副長土方歳三の小姓市村鉄之助の兄。戸籍上は鋠之助
He was born in 1846, as a second son of a feudal retainer of Ogaki Domain, Hanemon ICHIMURA. In 1858, he lived as a "ronin" (masterless samurai) due to his father's forfeit of his "hanseki" (registration for the domain), and in 1867 when the group recruited its members, he joined the group with...	弘化3年（1846年）、大垣藩士、市村半右衛門の二男として生まれる。安政5年（1858年）、父の藩籍剥奪により、浪人生活を送り、慶応3年（1867年）の隊士募集の時に弟鉄之助を従え入隊。
In March 1868, he escaped from Shinsengumi after swarming around Goheishinden district (present Ayase, Adachi Ward, Tokyo). Later on, he returned to Ogaki Domain. After the birth of his first son, Hisayoshi, he transferred his family estate to him.	慶応4年（1868年）3月、五兵衛新田（現在の東京都足立区綾瀬 (足立区)）屯集を最後に新撰組を脱走。のちに大垣藩へ帰参する。長男の久吉誕生後、家督を譲った。
He died of illness in 1872, and his grave is at Zensho-ji Temple in Funamachi, Ogaki City, Gifu Prefecture.	明治5年に病死し、墓所は岐阜県大垣市船町全昌寺にある。
Daughter of FUJIWARA no Toshinari (Shunzei) The daughter of FUJIWARA no Toshinari (daughter of master Shunzei of empress palace, or Koshibe no zenni) was a female poet of the early Kamakura period. Though her years of birth and death were unknown, it is guessed that she was born around 1171 and died after 1251.	藤原俊成女（ふじわら-の-としなり／しゅんぜい-の-むすめ。藤原俊成卿女、皇（太）后宮大夫俊成（卿）女）または越部禅尼（こしべ-の-ぜんに／じ）は、鎌倉時代前期の女流歌人。生没年は不詳だが、承安 (日本)元年（1171年）ごろに生れ、建長三年（1251年）以降に亡くなったと推測される。
Her real father was FUJIWARA no Moriyori. Her real mother was Toshinari's daughter Sanjo HACHIJOIN. She became adopted daughter of her grandfather FUJIWARA no Toshinari. She was married to Horikawa Major Councilor MINAMOTO no Michitomo, gave birth to a son and a daughter. Her real name was unknown.	実父は藤原盛頼。実母は俊成の娘八条院三条。祖父藤原俊成の養女となった。堀川大納言源通具に嫁し、一男一女をもうける。本名は不詳。
She became a wife of the Retired Emperor Gotoba, took an active part in the Gotoba-in poetry circle, and participated in a lot of poetry contests.	後鳥羽院の女房となり、後鳥羽院歌壇で活躍、多くの歌合へ参加している。
Her poems were collected in Chokusen wakashu (anthology of Japanese poetry compiled by Imperial command) under the "Shin Kokin Waka Shu" ("New Collection of Ancients and Modern Poems"). As her poetry theory in her later years, she left "Koshibe no zenni shosoku", and "Shunzeikyo no Mu...	「新古今和歌集」以下の勅撰和歌集に入集している。晩年の歌論に「越部禅尼（こしべぜんに）消息」があるほか、家集に「俊成卿女集」がある。
Masataka KUSUMOTO (April 14, 1838-February 7, 1902) was a samurai from the Omura Domain, Hizen Province, and a Meiji Period statesman. He also held the title of baron. He was known as a trusted advisor of Toshimichi OKUBO.	楠本正隆（くすもとまさたか、天保9年3月20日_(旧暦)（1838年4月14日） - 明治35年（1902年）2月7日）は、肥前大村藩の武士、明治期の政治家。男爵。大久保利通の腹心として知られた。
Princess Matsu (1561 - May 31, 1616) was the fifth daughter of the Sengoku daimyo (Japanese territorial lord in the Sengoku period [period of Warring States]) Shingen TAKEDA. Her mother was a concubine Aburakawafujin, and she was a younger sister of Morinobu NISHINA. She was called Shinshoni after becoming a nun.	松姫（まつひめ、永禄4年（1561年） - 元和 (日本)2年4月16日 (旧暦)（1616年5月31日））は、戦国大名の武田信玄の五女。母は側室油川夫人、仁科盛信の同母妹。出家後は信松尼。
Hora Buraku was a discriminated community which used to exist in Kashihara City, Nara Prefecture. In the history of the postwar Buraku (discriminated communities) Liberation Movement, it has been raised as a good example to criticize the Emperor system from the point of view of Buraku problems.	洞部落（ほらぶらく）は、奈良県橿原市にかつて存在した被差別部落。戦後の部落解放運動の歴史のうえで、部落問題の視点による天皇制批判の好材料としてたびたび議題に上げられてきた。
History From the foot to the slightly upper area of Mt. Unebi overlooking the mausoleum of Emperor Jinmu (Misanzai-kofun Tumulus) at its foot, there used to be a village called Hora (Edago Hora, Oaza Yamamoto, Shirakashi-mura, Takaichi County, Yamato Province).	歴史麓に神武天皇陵（ミサンザイ古墳）を見据える畝傍山の麓からやや上方にかけて、かつて洞（ほら、大和国高市郡白橿村大字山本枝郷洞）と呼ばれる村が存在した。
This village was located on the south side of the mausoleum of Emperor Jinmu, just around the area overlooking the mausoleum, and it was a discriminated community which was said to be a hamlet for Shuko, so-called grave keepers, of this mausoleum, with approximately 120 households as of 1854 and over 200 households as ...	この村は、神武陵の南手、ちょうど同陵を見下ろす場所に位置する、嘉永7年（1854年）の時点でおよそ120戸、大正9年（1920年）の時点でおよそ200戸を数えた、同陵墓の守戸―いわゆる墓守の集落と伝わる村で、被差別部落であった。
Shortly after the beginning of Taisho period, the government started official improvement of the area around the mausoleum of Emperor Jinmu, and due to the expansion of the area and so on, Hora Village was forced to relocate. After experiencing many difficulties in deciding the new place to settle, the village was relo...	大正時代に入って間もない頃、国の主導による本格的な神武陵一帯の整備が始まると、その拡張の必要などにともなって、洞村は自体の移転を余儀なくされる。その後移転先の決定について難航を重ねた末に大正6年（1917年）に付近の平野部に移転した。
Present The area formed after the relocation was subsequently assigned as a target area for antidiscrimination measures, and currently still exists as Dowa chiku (a designated area where Buraku people live). The previous Hora Village only remains as structural remnants in the miscellaneous small trees.	現在移転先に形成された地区はその後同和対策事業の対象地区とされ、現在も同和地区として存在している。旧洞村は雑木のうちに遺構としてその痕跡を残すのみである。
Kio (also pronounced as Kiso) WATANABE (year of birth unknown - 1180) was a busho (Japanese military commander) during the late Heian period. He was allegedly a descendant of the Saga-Genji (Minamoto clan) Watanabe Party, and was a son of either Umanosuke 渡辺昇 or Habuku WATANABE. His son was Natsuku. His pseudonyms were...	渡辺競（わたなべきおう / きそう、生年不詳 - 治承4年（1180年））は、平安時代末期の武将。嵯峨源氏渡辺党の出身で、右馬允渡辺昇の子、あるいは渡辺省の子と伝わる。子息に鶴田馴（なつく）がいる。号は源三、滝口と称された。
"Genpei Seisui ki" (Rise and Fall of the Minamoto and Taira clans) (Volume 14) and "Sanmi nyudo 入寺事 " portrays Kio as 'an unparalleled archer with a strong mind and extraordinary tactics, in addition to being the best-looking man in the castle.'	その人物像については、『源平盛衰記』14・「三位入道入寺事」に、「弓矢取りては並敵もなく、心も剛に謀もいみじかりけるが、而も王城第一の美男なり」と描写されている。
Enso is a type of calligraphic technique in Zen calligraphy, which is a circle painted with a single stroke. It is also called as 'Ichienso' or 'Ensozu.'	円相（えんそう）は、禅における書画のひとつで、図形の丸印（円形）を一筆で描いたもの。「一円相（いちえんそう）」「円相図（えんそうず）」などとも呼ばれる。
It is thought to be a symbol of enlightenment, truth, bussho (the Buddhist nature) or the whole universe, but the interpretation is left to each person.	悟りや真理、仏性、宇宙全体などを円形で象徴的に表現したものとされるが、その解釈は見る人に任される。
Also, sometimes the Chinese characters 円窓 is used for enso, which means 'a window that shows your heart.'	また、円窓と書いて「己の心をうつす窓」という意味で用いられることもある。
Nomura Art Museum is located at 61Nanzenji Shimo-Kawara-cho, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture It is operated by Nomura Art Foundation (財団法人野村文華財団).	野村美術館（のむらびじゅつかん）は、京都府京都市左京区南禅寺下河原町61にある美術館。財団法人野村文華財団が運営する。
Sugiyama-jo Castle was located in Ranzan-machi, Hiki-gun, Saitama Prefecture. It is also called Hatsukari-jo Castle.	杉山城（すぎやまじょう）は、埼玉県比企郡嵐山町にあった城。別名は初雁城。
"Ichiju-issai" is one of the menu compositions of meals in Japan.	一汁一菜（いちじゅういっさい）とは、日本における食事の献立の構成の一つ。
Staple food - White rice, etc. Soup dish - Miso soup, etc. Okazu (also called sozai) one dish Tsukemono (also called ko no mono) (pickles) These four categories are eaten together. The items excluding the staple food constitute 'ichiju-issai,' because ko no mono is not usually counted.	主食 - 白飯など汁物 - 味噌汁などおかず（惣菜）1品漬物（香の物）これらの4種類をセットにして食べるもの。通常、香の物は数に含まれないため主食以外が「一汁一菜」となる。
The composition of 'ichiju-sansai' that has three dishes (one main dish + two side dishes) is also well known.	おかずを3品（主菜1品+副菜2品）にした「一汁三菜」の構成も良く知られている。
Hiroshige OUCHI (year of birth unknown - 1401) was a general who lived during the early Muromachi period. He was the seventh son of Hiroyo OUCHI, the ninth head of the Ouchi family. He was also a younger brother of the tenth family head, Yoshihiro OUCHI.	大内弘茂（おおうちひろしげ、？ - 1401年（応永8年））は、室町時代前期の武将。大内氏第9代当主・大内弘世の七男。第10代当主・大内義弘の弟。
Takatsune KYOGOKU (1810-July 29, 1834) was the ninth lord of Mineyama Domain of Tango Province.	京極高鎮（きょうごくたかつね、文化 (元号)7年（1810年）- 天保5年6月23日 (旧暦)（1834年7月29日））は、丹後国峰山藩の第9代藩主。
He was the seventh son of Takamasa KYOGOKU, the seventh lord of the domain. He was the younger brother Takamasu KYOGOKU, the eighth lord of the domain. His official court rank is unknown.	第7代藩主・京極高備の七男。第8代藩主・京極高倍の弟。官位は不詳。
Ienoko are constituent members of bushidan (warrior bands).	家子（いえのこ）とは、武士団の構成員。
They are branch family members and child born out of wedlock who had blood relationship with soryo (heir) among the members of bushidan. They are sometimes influential vassals without blood relationship.	武士団の構成員のうち惣領と血縁関係がある分家や庶子。血縁関係が無い有力な配下の場合もある。
He was born as the second son of Masujiro AWAYA in 1922 in Tokyo Prefecture. His name was given by Minoru KITA. His older brother was Shintaro AWAYA. His younger brothers are Tatsuzo AWAYA and Yukio AWAYA. His son is Akio AWAYA.	1922年、粟谷益二郎の次男として東京都で生まれる。名付け親は喜多実。兄に粟谷新太郎。弟に粟谷辰三・粟谷幸雄。息子に粟谷明生。
Peggy HAYAMA, who is a singer, is his cousin. Tetsuro TANBA, an actor, was his classmate at the junior high school.	歌手のペギー葉山は従兄妹。俳優の丹波哲郎は中学の同級生。
1991: Performed "Sotoba Komachi" for the first time.	1991年『卒塔婆小町』披き。
1992: Received the Hosei University Noh Drama Prize in Memory of Hisao KANZE.	1992年観世寿夫記念法政大学能楽賞受賞。
1994: Performed "Obasute" (The Old Woman Abandoned in the Hills) for the first time. It was the first performance of the school in 180 years.	1994年『伯母捨』披き。流儀180年ぶり。
1995: Received Soko kyokujitsusho (The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Rays). 1996: Designated an individual holder of Important Intangible Cultural Property (Living National Treasure). 2000: Received Award of the Japan Art Academy. 2003: Became a member of the Japan Art Academy. 2004: Performed "Kagekiyo...	1995年双光旭日章受章 1996年重要無形文化財各個指定(人間国宝) 2000年日本芸術院賞 2003年日本芸術院会員 2004年『景清』舞い納め
His affiliation with Shorenin Temple in Kyoto was very strong, and he served three times as assistant to the abbot of Gion Temple.	京都青蓮院との関係が深く祇園別当目代を3度務めている。
He had two private poetry collections, the 'Keiun hoin shu' (Collection of the Ho-in Keiun's Poems) and the 'Joben nami Keiun shu' (Collection of both Joben and Keiun's Poems).	家集には「慶運法印集」「浄弁並慶運集」がある。
Ryochin BOKUHANSAI (1526 - November 29, 1602) was a jito (manager and lord of manor) of Kaizukaterauchi-cho Town, Izumi Province. The first chief priest of Gansen-ji Temple, Izumi Province (Kaizuka City). He was from Negoro-ji Temple, Kii Province.	卜半斎了珍（ぼくはんさいりょうちん、大永6年（1526年） - 慶長7年10月16日 (旧暦)（1602年11月29日））は和泉国貝塚寺内町の地頭。和泉国願泉寺 (貝塚市)初代住持。紀伊国根来寺の出身。
The Bokuhan family which Ryochin started was admitted hegemony of Kaizukaterauchi-cho Town from Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, and its territory maintained towards the end of the Edo Period as a territory in the temple that was rare throughout the period.	了珍に始まる卜半家は、徳川家康より貝塚寺内町の支配を認められ、その領地は江戸時代を通じて数少ない寺内領として幕末に至った。
Today Gansen-ji Temple is locally called "Bokkasan"in relation with the name of Bokuhansai.	現在でも地元では卜半斎の名にちなみ、願泉寺を「ぼっかんさん」と呼ぶ。
Tsuneaki KAJUJI (or KASHUJI) (1298 - February 6, 1373) was a court noble during the period of the Northern and Southern Courts.	勧修寺経顕（かしゅうじつねあき、永仁6年（1298年）－文中2年/応安6年1月5日 (旧暦)（1373年1月29日））は、南北朝時代 (日本)の公家（公卿）。
He was the first head of the Kajuji family (Kanroji Branch of the Takafuji School of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan).	堂上家（家格は、名家、藤原北家高藤流甘露寺支流）である勧修寺家の初代当主。
Career His father was Sadasuke BOJO, Gon Chunagon (a provisional vice-councilor of state). His mother was the daughter of Takauji YOTSUTSUJI, who was Ushosho (Minor Captain of the Right Division of Inner Palace Guards). He was a descendant of the Kajuji family and was known as Shibayama Naidaijin or Kajuji Naidaijin.	経歴父は、権中納言・坊城定資。母は右少将・四辻隆氏の娘。勧修寺家の祖で、芝山内大臣とも勧修寺内大臣とも称される。
In 1329, he was appointed Kurodo no to (Head Chamberlain), and in the following year, he was appointed Sangi (Royal Advisors). He was appointed Gon Dainagon (a provisional chief councilor of state) in 1340, and retained equivalent power even after he resigned from the post in 1342.	1329年（元徳元年）蔵人頭に任じられ、翌1330年（元徳2年）には参議に任じられた。 1340年（暦応3年/興国元年）に権大納言となり、2年後の1342年（康永元年/興国3年）に権大納言を辞しているが、相応の地位が確保された。
Narutaki Station, located in Narutaki Sagasono-cho, Ukyo Ward, Kyoto City, is a railroad facility on the Kitano Line of the Keifuku Electric Railroad. Its station number is B3.	鳴滝駅（なるたきえき）は、京都市右京区鳴滝嵯峨園町にある京福電気鉄道京福電気鉄道北野線の鉄道駅。駅ナンバリングはB3。
Yoshimasa KANZE (September 25, 1970 -) was Nohgakushi (Noh actor). Kanze-ryu shite-kata (main roles of Kanze school).	観世喜正（かんぜよしまさ、1970年9月25日-）は、能楽師。観世流シテ方。
NAGAMINE no Morochika (year of birth and death unknown) was a government official for Tsushima Province who lived during the Heian period. He was a fourth-ranked government official for the Province.	長嶺諸近（ながみねのもろちか、生没年不詳）は、平安時代の対馬国の役人。対馬国四等官代。
Personal Profile It is said that he conducted his own investigation into who was behind the Toi invasion (the invasion of northern Kyushu by Jurchen pirates) and the whereabouts of the Japanese captives that were kidnapped and put aboard Toi ships, after which he reported his findings to the Dazai-fu (local government ...	人物刀伊の入寇の正体と、その賊船に連れ去られた日本人捕虜の消息を独自に調査し、大宰府に報告したとされる。
Sanosuke HARADA (1840 - July 6, 1868) was the leader of the Tenth Unit of Shinsengumi. He was born in the Iyo-Matsuyama Domain. His Imina (personal name) was Tadakazu. He was trained by Sanjuro TANI in the Taneda-ryu Sojutsu School of spearmanship and received Menkyo-kaiden (full proficiency).	原田左之助（はらださのすけ、天保11年（1840年） - 慶応4年5月17日 (旧暦)（1868年7月6日））は、新選組十番隊組長。伊予松山藩出身。諱は忠一。谷三十郎から種田流を教わり免許皆伝。
Yasutoshi TAKU (1563 - 1636) was a person who lived from the Sengoku period (period of warring states) to the Edo period	多久安順（たくやすとし、永禄6年（1563年） - 寛永13年（1636年））は、戦国時代 (日本)から江戸時代の人物。
In 1634, when Hakuan RYUZOJI, a son of Takafusa, named himself Sueaki RYUZOJI, and insisted to Iemitsu TOKUGAWA that the Saga Domain belong to the Ryuzoji clan, Yasutoshi went to Edo and claimed to Bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) that the reign of the Nabeshima clan was a legal one.	寛永11年（1634年）、高房の子龍造寺伯庵が龍造寺季明と名乗り、徳川家光に佐賀藩領は龍造寺氏のものであると主張した時、安順が出府して幕府に鍋島氏の支配の正当性を主張した。
Court noble law is a legal system that was valid in the court noble society between the Heian period and the Edo period.	公家法（くげほう）とは、日本の平安時代から江戸時代にかけて、公家社会に通用していた法体系。
Takakiyo KYOGOKU (1460 – 1538) was a Daimyo (feudal lord) from the late Muromachi period through Japan's Sengoku period (Period of Warring States).	京極高清（きょうごくたかきよ、1460年（寛正元年） - 1538年（天文 (元号)7年））は室町時代末期から戦国時代 (日本)初期の大名。
He hailed from the Kyogoku Clan. Managing to plot a course through the mayhem of the Onin no Ran (Onin Rebellion), and becoming head of the family after battling with his family to inherit the title, he could not protect his own child from the family battles, which bought about a decline in the Kyogoku family fortunes.	京極氏の出身。応仁の乱の混乱を乗り切り、同族との家督争いを経て当主になったが、自身の子の代の家督争いを防ぐことはできず京極氏の衰退を招いた。
It is said that he was either the 4th son of Shugo Daimyo (Governor feudal lord) Mochikiyo KYOGOKU, or the child of Katsuhide KYOGOKU, who was Mochikiyo's progeny, and he went by the childhood name of Otsudojimaru. Rokuro Nakatsukasa no Shoyu (Junior Assistant Minister of the Ministry of Central Affairs)	守護大名である京極持清の四男とも、持清の嫡子京極勝秀の子ともされ、幼名は乙童子丸と称した。六郎。中務少輔。
At the outbreak of the Onin no Ran (Onin Rebellion), Mochikiyo fought against Takayori ROKKAKU on attachment to the West forces, but in 1470 he fell ill during battle and died.	応仁の乱が起こると、持清は、近江国で西軍に属した六角高頼と戦うが、その戦いの中1470年（文明 (日本)2年）に病死する。
Mochikiyo's elder brother Katsuhide KYOGOKU and his younger brother Masamitsu ROKKAKU were already dead, so Sondojimaru KYOGOKU inherited the role of clan head; however, he passed away in 1471. In relation to the family heir, he battled with Mochikiyo's 3rd son Masatsune KYOGOKU and, after being defeated, he ...	持清の長男京極勝秀と次男京極政光は既に亡くなっており、勝秀の嫡子と考えられている京極孫童子丸が家督を継ぐが、1471年（文明3年）に死去する。その跡目を巡って持清の三男である京極政経と争い、敗北により越前国の敦賀市へと逃れる。
Following this, Takakiyo spent the remaining years of his life at Johei-ji Castle.	高清はその後、余生を上平寺城で過ごし亡くなったとされる。
MINAMOTO no Hitoshi (880 - March 951) was a noble who lived in the early to middle Heian Period. His father was MINAMOTO no Mare, who was Chunagon (Middle Counselor), and Hitoshi was a great-grandson of the Emperor Saga.	源等（みなもとのひとし、元慶4年（880年） - 天暦5年（951年）3月）は、平安時代前期から中期にかけての公家。父は中納言源希で、等は嵯峨天皇の曾孫にあたる。
His career as a waka poet is not clear, and only four poems by him were left in 'Gosen Wakashu.'	歌人としての経歴は不明であり、「後撰和歌集」に4首が残るのみである。

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