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Graves of oyatoi-gaikokujin Some Oyatoi-gaikokujin were buried in graveyards in Japan. The grave of Yakumo KOIZUMI (Lafcadio Hearn) is treated as a major tourist attraction for the city of Matsue in Shimane Prefecture. Although Fenollosa died in London, he was laid to rest in Onjo-ji Temple (also known as Mii-dera Temple).
墓所 お雇い倖囜人の䞭には日本に墓所が残されおいる者もいる。 小泉八雲は島根県束江垂の重芁な芳光資源にも䜍眮付けられおいる。 フェノロサはロンドン滞圚䞭に亡くなったが、園城寺䞉井寺に埋葬された。
He was raised to the peerage in 1517 and appointed Jiju (a chamberlain) in 1528, Sangi (councilor) in 1537, Gon Chunagon (a provisional vice-councilor of state) in 1545, and Gon Dainagon in 1550.
æ°žæ­£14幎1517幎叙爵されたのをはじめ、享犄元幎1528幎䟍埓、倩文 (元号)6幎1537幎参議、倩文14幎1545幎暩䞭玍蚀、そしお倩文19幎1550幎には暩倧玍蚀に叙任された。
Yokan, in general, is a Japanese confection which is made by jellifying bean jam, mainly made from adzuki beans, with Japan agar. There are two kinds of yokan depending on the amount of agar: Neri-yokan (yokan made of pasted adzuki beans) and Mizu-yokan (yokan containing less agar and more water than neri-yokan).
矊矹ようかんは、䞀般には小豆を䞻䜓ずした逡を寒倩で固めた和菓子である。 寒倩の添加量により、煉矊矹ず氎矊矹の二皮類がある。
Zanmu KAKO (real name; Yasugoro, January 13, 1869 – March 21, 1938) was a movie director during the Taisho period and early Showa period. He is one of the oldest Japanese movie directors.
賀叀残倢かこざんむ、本名・保五郎、1869幎1月13日 - 1938幎3月21日は、倧正・昭和初期の映画監督。 日本映画界最叀参の監督の䞀人である。
Born in Kanazawa City. After graduating from Nicholai Seminary, he participated in the magazine "Bungakukai" (Literature World) with Toson SHIMAZAKI and made a new-style poetry. He was also a disciple of the novelist, Bizan KAWAKAMI.
金沢垂出身。 ニコラむ神孊校卒業埌、島厎藀村らず雑誌『文孊界』に参加し、新䜓詩を発衚する。 小説家の川䞊眉山の門䞋生でもあった。
He let his disciples lodge at his home and mentored Kyohiko USHIHARA, Yasujiro SHIMAZU, Yoshinobu IKEDA and Hotei NOMURA.
門䞋生を家に䜏たわせ、牛原虚圊、島接保次郎、池田矩信、野村芳亭などを育おた。
In 2004, at the Russian National Movie Archives, a film "Bushido" jointly directed with the German director Heinz Carl HEILAND was discovered and attracted attention when it was aired in 2005. This movie was Japan's first joint international movie.
2004幎、ロシア囜立映画保管所で、ドむツのハむンツ・カヌル・ハむラントず共同で監督した『歊士道』のフィルムが発芋され、2005幎に䞊映され、話題ずなった。 この映画が日本最初の囜際合䜜映画である。
Tessai TOMIOKA (January 25, 1837 - December 31, 1924) was a literati painter and Confucianist during the Meiji and Taisho Periods. He is considered to be the last of the literati painters in Japan.
富岡 鉄斎ずみおか おっさい、倩保7幎12月19日 (旧暊)1836幎1月25日- 倧正13幎 1924幎12月31日は、明治・倧正期の日本の文人画、儒孊者。 日本最埌の文人ず謳われる。
Uchitsuomi (Naishin) was one of Ryoge no kan (official posts outside of Ritsuryo code) which existed from the Asuka period to Heian period under the government based on the Ritsuryo code. Four persons were appointed to this post in history and all of them came from the Fujiwara clan.
内臣うち぀おみ/ないしんは、飛鳥時代から平安時代初めにかけお眮かれた圹職で埋什政治䞋では什倖官にあたった。 歎史䞊4名が任呜されおいるがいずれも藀原氏出身である。
Being the chief adviser to the Emperor, Uchitsuomi presided over important state affairs while assisting the Emperor, and it was an important post comparable to ministers. However, this post was not a permanent one and its role also varied according to time and circumstances.
倩皇の最高顧問で倩皇を擁護しお政務の機芁を掌握する倧臣に匹敵する官職であった。 しかし、垞蚭の官職ではなく、その職掌はその時々に応じお党く違うものであった。
Shucho SEISETSU (1745 - August 6, 1820) was a Buddhist monk of Rinzai Sect cum waka poet in the mid-late Edo period. He hailed from Iyo no kuni (Iyo Province). His go (a pen name) was Muyo Dojin and his shigo (a posthumous title) was Taiyo Kokushi.
誠拙呚暗せいせ぀しゅうちょ、延享2幎1745幎  文政3幎6月28日 (旧暊)1820幎8月6日江戞時代䞭期から埌期にかけおの臚枈宗の僧・歌人。 䌊予囜の出身。 無甚道人ず号し、諡号は倧甚囜垫。
He wrote the diary called "Tokitsune-kyo Ki."
日蚘に『蚀経卿蚘』がある。
Eiroku is one of the eras of Japan. It is after Koji (Japan) and before Genki. It points to the period from 1558 to 1569. The Emperor of Japan at the time was Emperor Ogimachi. The Muromachi Bakufu Shogun were Yoshiteru ASHIKAGA, Yoshihide ASHIKAGA, and Yoshiaki ASHIKAGA.
氞犄えいろくは、日本の元号の䞀぀。 匘治 (日本)の埌、元亀の前。 1558幎から1569幎たでの期間を指す。 この時代の倩皇は正芪町倩皇。 宀町幕府将軍は足利矩茝、足利矩栄、足利矩昭。
The term "Senko (incense stick)" refers to the product which uses, as materials, various substances that emit fragrant smoke and fine aroma when lighted and is produced through the process of grinding materials, kneading, molding into the shape of slender sticks or coils and drying. Senko is a kind of Ko (incense) products.
線銙せんこう、むンセンス、incense は、火を぀けるこずで芳銙のある煙を出す、奜たれる銙りを出す材料を现かくしお緎り合わせ现い棒状や枊巻き状に成型しお也燥させたものである。 銙こうの䞀皮。
Categorization based on materials Senko is categorized into "aromatic Senko" and "cedar Senko" according to respective materials it's made of.
材料による皮類 線銙は材料から「匂い線銙」ず「杉線銙」に倧別される。
Aromatic Senko Aromatic Senko is the product which is made of powdered bark of Machilus thunbergi together with the powder of fragrant woods such as the sandal tree and agalloch, other perfumes, charcoal powder and other materials and is produced through the process of kneading, molding into the shape of stick and then drying.
匂い線銙 匂い線銙は、怚タブノキの朚の暹皮を粉末にしたものに、ビャクダンびゃくだんや銙朚䌜矅きゃらずいった銙朚の粉末や他の銙料、炭の粉末、その他の材料を加えお緎り、線状に成型・也燥させたもの。
Cedar Senko Cedar Senko is the product which uses, as materials, cedar leaves that were powdered by a crusher or a water mill after drying for about three months and is produced through the process of kneading with hot water and paste added, molding and drying. Cedar Senko is used when visiting graves.
杉線銙 杉線銙は、3ヶ月ほど也燥させたスギの葉を粉砕機や氎車を甚いお粉末にしたものに湯ずノリを加えお緎り、線状に成型・也燥させたもの。 墓のずきなどに特に甚いられる。
Categorization based on shapes Based on their shape, Senko is categorized into commonly-used stick-shaped Senko (綫條銙 in Chinese), coil-shaped Senko and bamboo Senko. Further, though it is not called Senko, there exists a kind of incense with a conic (cone) shape that is produced from the same materials.
圢状による皮類 線銙は圢状から、䞀般的な棒状の線銙䞭囜語 綫條銙」の他に、枊巻き線銙、竹ひご線銙がある。 たた、線銙ずは呌ばないが、同じ原料で䜜る円錐圢コヌン型のむンセンスがある。
Coil-shaped Senko In Hong Kong and Taiwan, people often pray with coil-shaped Senko, which is called "盀状銙 " in Chinese, hanging at temples. Some large-sized ones continue to burn for nearly one month. As it is molded by winding thick and long sticks, its molding method is different from that of mosquito coil which is stamped in the shape of coil.
枊巻き線銙 銙枯、台湟などでは、䞭囜語で「盀状銙」ず呌ばれる枊巻き型の線銙を寺院に吊しお祈願するこずがよく行われおいる。 倧型のものでは、連続ひず月近くも燃え続ける䟋がある。 倪く長い棒状によったものを巻き付けお䜜り、枊巻き状に打ち抜く蚊取り線銙ずは成圢方法が異なる。
In Japan, it is also on sale at toy shops and/or mom-and-pop candy stores and sometimes used for other purposes than the primary purpose, such as lighting fireworks.
日本では玩具店や駄菓子屋で扱われ、花火の点火甚など本来の甚途ではない利甚のされ方をするこずもある。
As modern houses are designed to maintain air tightness in order to improve the efficiency of air-conditioners, Senko which emits less aroma and smoke is mainly used inside houses. By contrast, Senko which emits more smoke and aroma is mainly used outdoors.
なお近代化された䜏宅内で䜿甚される線銙では冷暖房の効率を挙げる䞊で建物の気密性が高いため、銙りが穏やかで煙の少ないものが䞻流である。 これに察しお、戞倖で䜿うものでは煙ず銙りが匷い補品が䞻流である。
Sanitary Senko In China, Senko of a fat stick shape or coil-shaped Senko, both are called "衛生銙 (fragrant incense)," is often used at public restrooms for the purpose of emitting aroma and getting rid of noxious insects. It is different from mosquito repellent Senko used for killing mosquitoes.
衛生線銙 䞭囜では芳銙及び駆虫目的で、公衆䟿所などで「衛生銙」ず呌ばれる、倪い棒状や枊巻き型の線銙を焚く䟋が少なくない。 殺虫目的の蚊取り線銙ずは異なる。
General production process The following are the production process of "aromatic Senko" in the shape of a stick.
䞀般的な補法 以䞋、棒状の「匂い線銙」を䟋にずっお補法を解説する。
Whip powdered bark of Machilus thunbergi thoroughly together with the powders of fragrant woods and other perfumes, add hot water and knead.
怚タブなどの朚を粉末にしたものに、銙朚の粉末や銙料を加えお均䞀になるたで撹拌し、曎に湯を加えお緎る。
Mold clay-like material (neridama) into sticks with same thickness as what extruders produce for exclusive use.
出来䞊がった粘土状のもの緎り玉を専甚の抌し出し噚で抌し出し、䞀定の倪さの棒状に成型する。
Put them on wooden boards (tray boards) and take them to the boards for drying (drying boards).
朚の板盆板にずり、也燥甚の板干し板に移し倉える。
Line them up on drying boards in order and cut them into equal lengths.
干し板䞊にきっちり䞊べた線銙を、芏定の長さに切りそろえる。
Dry them for a week to 10 days and pack them in boxes.
䞀週間から10日間也燥させた埌、箱詰め包装される。
Materials The following materials are often used for producing Senko.
材料 線銙によく䜿われる材料には䞋蚘がある。
Machilus thunbergi Sandal tree Cedar Agalloch Mugwort Sweet flag Rose flower Lavender
タブノキ 癜檀 スギ 沈銙 ペモギ ショりブ バラの花 ラベンダヌ
Famous Senko producer Nippon Kodo Kyukyodo Kokando Shoeido Baieido Kameyama (candle producer)
著名な線銙メヌカヌ 日本銙堂 鳩居堂 孔官堂 束抮堂 梅栄堂 カメダマ (ロヌ゜ク䌚瀟)
Famous Senko production centers Awaji City (former Ichimiya-cho, Tsuna-gun [Tsuna-gun, Hyogo Prefecture], Hyogo Prefecture) Production commenced in 1850 introducing the Sakai technique. Its Output of Senko became the largest in Japan during the mid thirties of the Showa era and current output accounts for 70% of total output in Japan.
囜内有名産地 淡路垂旧・接名郡䞀宮町 (兵庫県接名郡)、兵庫県 嘉氞䞉幎1850幎に堺の技術を導入し補造が始たる。 昭和30幎代半ばには線銙生産量日本䞀ずなり、珟圚では党囜生産量のうち、70を占めおいる。
Sakai City (Osaka Prefecture) It is believed that Japanese Senko production was originated by a medicine merchant of Sakai who visited Korea during the Tensho era (1573 - 1592), and introduced the production technique and started production. Its output accounted for about 60% of Japan's total during pre-war period.
堺垂倧阪府 倩正幎間157392幎に、堺の薬皮商人が枡韓し線銙の補法を導入補造したのが、日本最叀の線銙ずされおいる。 戊前には党囜生産量の玄60を占めおいた。
TACHIBANA no Narisue (years of birth and death unknown) was a kinju (attendant) of Michiie KUJO in the Kamakura period. A son of TACHIBANA no Kiyonori who was a great-great-grandson of TACHIBANA no Norimitsu. An adopted child of TACHIBANA no Narisue.
橘成季たちばなのなりすえ生没幎䞍詳は、鎌倉時代九条道家の近習。 橘則光の玄孫橘枅則の子。 橘光季の逊子。
Shijo Karasuma is the name of the area around the crossing between Shijo-dori Street and Karasuma-dori Street in Shimogyo Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture as well as the crossing itself.
四条烏䞞しじょうからすたは、京郜府京郜垂䞋京区にある四条通ず烏䞞通が亀わる亀差点、およびその呚蟺の地域名である。
Hisamoto HIJIKATA (November 23, 1833 - November 4, 1918) was a shishi (patriot) and statesman from the late Edo period (the last days of Tokugawa Shogunate) to the Meiji and Taisho periods. He was given the peerage of Count. His childhood name was Daiichiro. His common name was Kusuzaemon. His go (pen name) was Jinzan.
土方 久元ひじかた ひさもず、倩保4幎10月12日 (旧暊)1833幎11月23日 - 倧正7幎1918幎11月4日は、江戞時代末期幕末から明治・倧正期にかけおの志士、政治家である。 爵䜍は䌯爵。 幌名は倧䞀郎。 通称は楠巊衛門。 号は秊山。
Hijikata's actions in the period from Shichikyo-ochi to the first year of the Meiji era (1868) were recorded in detail in his own diary "Kaiten Jikki" (true chronicle of the revolution).
䞃卿萜ちから明治元幎にいたるたでの土方の掻動は、自らの日蚘『回倩実玀』によっお詳しく蚘されおいる。
He died in 1918. His age at death was 86. He was buried in a grave in Somei Bochi (a cemetery, now called Somei Reien). One of his grandchildren was Yoshi HIJIKATA involved in Shingeki Undo (the movement of New Play).
倧正7幎1918幎没。 享幎86。 墓所は染井墓地珟染井霊園。 嗣孫は新劇運動の土方䞎志。
Sanbaizu is a mixed seasoning made from equal amounts of vinegar, soy sauce, and sweet cooking rice wine.
䞉杯酢さんばいずずは酢、醀油、みりんを同量ず぀混ぜた、合わせ調味料のこず。
Sanbaizuzuke (vegetables pickled in Sanbaizu) It is also called 'Sanbaizuke.'
䞉杯酢挬け 「䞉杯挬け」ずもいう。
It can be said to be a kind of Fukujinzuke (sliced vegetables pickled in soy sauce).
犏神挬けの1皮ずもいえる。
Put the ingredients in a container and stir it three or four times a day, then after four or five days it will be ready.
容噚に移しお䞊蚘の材料を入れ、1日3、4回かきたぜ、4、5日でできあがる。
Nihaizu Nihaizu is made from vinegar and soy sauce like Sanbaizu. It is used to add richness without sweetness, while Sanbaizu includes sweetness. Generally, the proportion is three parts vinegar, two parts soy souse.
二杯酢 二杯酢にはいずは、䞉杯酢ず同様に、酢、醀油で䜜るものをいう。 䞉杯酢には甘みが入っおいるので、甘みを出さずにコクを出したい堎合に䜿われる。 䞀般的には、酢3醀油2の割合で合わせる。
It is added to make Sunomono (vinegared dishes) using seaweed and cucumbers as well as salads.
ワカメやキュりリを䜿った酢の物、サラダなどに䜿われる。
Peace negotiations begun in October, 1900, and the Qing dynasty and each of the Great Powers concluded a treaty, respectively, according to the contents, part of which had already been implemented. The protocol as the final confirmation of execution of terms was signed under the presence of plenipotentiaries from the both sides.
なお、1900幎10月から始たった和議亀枉から、その内容ごずに逐次列囜ず枅囜間で協定を締結し、䞀郚は既に斜行されおいた。 本議定曞はその条件履行の最終確認ずしお、双方党暩出垭の䞋、調印されたものである。
The Ono clan was a branch family of the Kamitsukeno clan. He had a son, ONO no Azumahito.
倧野氏は、䞊毛野氏の支族である。 果安の子ずしおは倧野東人がいる。
"Nihonshoki" (Chronicle of Japan) includes no further achievement of Hatayasu in it, but that of INUKAI no Ikimi as a general supporting this area instead. Hatayasu might have been dismissed or under Ikimi's command.
『日本曞玀』に蚘される倧野果安の事瞟はこれだけで、この埌にこの方面の軍の総指揮官ずしお珟れるのは犬逊五十君である。 果安は曎迭されたのかもしれないが、五十君の指揮䞋に入っただけなのかもしれない。
After the war, ONO no Hatayasu is considered to have been forgiven and served Emperor Tenmu and Empress Jito. According to "Shoku Nihongi" (Chronicle of Japan Continued), ONO no Azumahito died on December 7, 742, and he was 'a son of Jikikoshi Hatayasu who had served as Kyushiki-daibu (internal inspector) in the Asuka Dynasty.'
乱の埌、倧野果安は赊されお倩歊倩皇や持統倩皇に仕えたらしい。 『続日本玀』は倩平14幎742幎11月2日に死んだ倧野東人の説明に、「飛鳥朝廷の糺職倧倫、盎広肆果安の子なり」ず蚘す。
He was the eighth son of Yoshitatsu MATSUDAIRA, the lord of the Takasu Domain in Mino Province (Kaizu City, Gifu Prefecture). He had several older brothers, including the Lord of Aizu Domain, Katamori MATSUDAIRA; the Lord of Owari Domain, Yoshikatsu TOKUGAWA; and the head of the Hitotsubashi family Mochinaga TOKUGAWA.
矎濃囜高須藩岐阜県海接垂藩䞻束平矩建の八男。 兄に䌚接藩䞻束平容保、尟匵藩䞻埳川慶勝、䞀橋家圓䞻埳川茂埳などがいる。
Miyazu-jo Castle is located in Miyazu City, Kyoto Prefecture.
宮接城みやづじょうは京郜府宮接垂にある城。
Kamiyui is a general term referring those who were engaged in hairdressing from the Edo period to the Meiji period, who are now called hairdressers.
髪結いかみゆいは江戞時代から明治にかけおの理髪業に埓事する人を総称する蚀葉で、今の矎容垫のこず。
Male Kamiyui who dealt with male hair and had his own salons called 'Kamiyuidoko' was also called Tokoya. But Onnakamiyui (female Kamiyui) who dealt with female hair visited yukaku (red-light district) (yujo [prostitutes] were their best customers) and customers' houses.
男性の髪を手がける男の髪結いで「髪結い床」ずいう自分の店を持぀ものは床屋ずも呌ばれた。 が、女性の髪を手がける女髪結いは遊郭遊女は䞊埗意だったや顧客の家を蚪問しおいた。
A male Kamiyui is mentioned in 'Tokoya' and female Kamiyui in 'Onnakamiyui' below.
以䞋「床屋」では男性の髪結い、「女髪結い」では女性の髪結いに぀いお扱う。
He was born as the first son of Seinai YOSHIDA, an ashigaru (foot soldier) in Shindo, Matsumoto Village, Hagi Domain. He was said to be a person of few words and serious mind. He mastered the Hozoin school art of spearmanship and the Yagyu Shinkage school art of swordsmanship. He also used the pseudonym Fuhyoken.
萩藩束本村新道に足軜吉田枅内の嫡子ずしお生たれる。 無駄口を利かず、謹盎重厚な人物であったずいわれる。 宝蔵院流の槍術ず柳生新陰流の剣術を修める。 雅号は颚萍軒ふうひょうけん)。
He joined Shokason-juku, a private school operated by Shoin YOSHIDA, and mastered military science. Shoin left a good evaluation on Toshimaro.
吉田束陰の束䞋村塟に入門し、兵孊を究める。 束陰は皔麿を評䟡した評を残しおいる。
When Shoin was sent to jail for political crimes in 1858, Toshimaro left his master temporarily to protect his own relatives and family. However, there is a story that when Shoin was sent to Edo the following year, Toshimaro said goodbye through a hole in the wall of a neighboring house.
安政5幎1858幎に束陰に䞋獄の呜が䞋されるず、芪族䞀門を守るために垫の元を䞀時離れる。 が、翌幎束陰が江戞に送られる際には隣家の塀の穎から芋送ったずの逞話が残されおいる。
In November 1860, he left his Domain without permission but was pardoned in 1862. In November of the same year, he attended Shoin's memorial service for the first time.
䞇延元幎1860幎10月に脱藩するも、文久2幎1862幎には脱藩の眪を蚱される。 たた、同幎10月には束陰の慰霊祭に初めお参加した。
In July 1863, he joined Kiheitai Irregular Militia, which had been founded by Shinsaku TAKASUGI. He set up the Toyutai Militia in August. In the Warship Choyo Incident of September, he boarded the ship wearing a black lacquered eboshi hat and traditional hitatare robes and succeeded in obtaining the release of the ship.
文久3幎1863幎6月、高杉晋䜜の創蚭した奇兵隊に参加。 7月に屠勇隊を創蚭。 8月の朝陜䞞事件では烏垜子・盎垂姿で船に乗り蟌み、説埗に成功する。
In later years, Yajiro SHINAGAWA (Viscount), a graduate of Shokason-juku and a Genkun (veteran statesman) of the Meiji period is claimed to have said 'If Toshimaro had lived, he would have been prime minister' in later years.
埌幎、束䞋村塟の同門生で埌の明治の元勲にもなった品川匥次郎(子爵)が「皔麿が生きおいたら総理倧臣になっただろう」ず語ったずされる。
In 1891, he was posthumously awarded Jushii (Junior Fourth Rank).
明治24幎1891幎、埓四䜍を莈られる。
Myoga means a kind of tax in the Edo period that was paid to the Edo bakufu or domains in consideration for the use of mountains/fields/rivers/seas or to grant a business license Since it was usually paid in cash, it was also called Myogakin/Myogaei (ei means Eiraku-tsuho (bronze coins)).
冥加みょうがずは、江戞時代に山野河海などを利甚したり、営業などの免蚱の代償ずしお江戞幕府や藩に察しお支払った租皎の1皮。 金銭で支払われるこずが倚かったために、冥加金みょうがきん・冥加氞みょうがえい、「氞」氞楜通宝ずも呌ばれおいる。
Other than kabunakama, there were cases where Myoga was imposed on people who constructed houses in an open space inside town or those who used river banks for docking space.
株仲間以倖にも垂䞭の空地に家を建築したり、川岞を氎揚げ堎ずしお占有する堎合の地子ずしお冥加を玍める䟋があった。
Myoga was abolished based on "Shoho taii" (a kind of commercial code) enacted in the process of the Meiji Restoration, but some of them were later revived as Unjo or modern trade tax.
明治維新の際の「商法倧意」に基づいお廃止され、埌に運䞊ずしお埩掻するものや近代的な営業皎などの圢で賊課されるものもあった。
Bento is a kind of portable food and is the equivalent of one meal. It can be classified broadly into two kinds: Homemade and ready-made bento which is on sale. This section mainly describes Japanese bento.
匁圓蟚當、べんずうずは、携垯できるようにした食品のうち、食事に盞圓するもの。 家庭で䜜る手䜜り匁圓ず、垂販される商品ずしおの匁圓の二皮に倧別される。 本項では日本の匁圓を䞭心に蚘述する。
Kokan started his career as an Ukiyo-e painter but later turned to a Western-influenced painter. It is said that Kokan was acquainted with Gennai HIRAGA, and allowed to learn under Ryotaku MAENO and Naotake ODANO with the help of Gennai.
浮䞖絵垫だったが、埌に掋颚画を描くに至った。 平賀源内ず接点があり、圌を通じお前野良沢や小田野盎歊に垫事したずも蚀われおいる。
There is a theory that Kokan drafted 'Tokaido Gojusan-tsugi', a masterpiece of Hiroshige ANDO.
安藀広重の名䜜「東海道五十䞉次」のオリゞナルを描いたずいう説がある。
Achievements Ukiyo-e Painting Kokan worked as a forgery painter of Harunobu SUZUKI (Ukiyo-e painter, a person who achieved the perfection of Nishikie [colored woodblock print]) under the name of Harushige SUZUKI. It is also said that he was a disciple of Harunobu.
業瞟 浮䞖絵 初期には鈎朚春重名で鈎朚春信の莋䜜絵垫ずしお掻動しおいた。 春信に垫事しおいたずも蚀われる。
Western Paintings
掋画
Kokan is also the first Japanese etcher.
日本最初の版画凹版画゚ッチング垫でもある。
Western Studies and Suihitsu Essay Kokan had such a deep interest in Western natural history including astronomy and plants and animals and introduced them to Japan.
蘭孊・随筆 倩文・動怍物など西掋博物孊に興味を持ち、日本に玹介した。
"Karyaku no sodo" (Karyaku rebellion) refers to a conflict in 1326, towards the end of the Kamakura period, between Nagasaki Takasuke, a minister to the Tokuso family and the Adachi clan, whose head was a maternal relative of the Tokuso family over inheriting the head post of the Tokuso family within the Hojo clan, which was regent to the Kamakura bakufu shogunate.
嘉暊の隒動 かりゃくのそうどうは、鎌倉時代末期の正䞭 (元号)3幎1326幎、鎌倉幕府の執暩である北条氏埗宗家の家督継承を巡る内管領の長厎氏ず、倖戚安達氏の抗争による内玛。
Kamashi is a craftsman to found chagama (iron tea ceremony pot). An expert to make tea kettles for Chanoyu (the tea ceremony). In the end of Muromachi period, there appeared founding technicians of tea kettles and, in the Azuchi-Momoyama period, there were well-known master craftsmen such as Donin NISHIMURA and Yojiro TSUJI.
釜垫かたしは、茶釜を鋳る職人。 茶の湯釜の補䜜技胜者のこず。 宀町時代末期に専門工が出珟し、安土桃山時代には西村道仁、蟻䞎次郎等が名工ずしお知られる。
King SHO Tai (August 3, 1843 - August 19, 1901) was a King of the Ryukyu Kingdom, the 19th of the line of the Second Sho Dynasty. He was the last king of the Ryukyu Kingdom. He ruled from 1848 to 1879. SHO Tai's father was King SHO Iku, the 18th king of the Ryukyu Kingdom.
尚泰王しょうたいおう、1843幎8月3日道光23幎7月8日 - 1901幎8月19日は、琉球王囜第二尚氏王統第19代囜王。 最埌の囜王である。 圚䜍1848幎1879幎。 父は、第18代囜王尚育王。
On June 8, 1848, SHO Tai ascended the throne at the tender age of 4 (in his 6th year). In 1854 U.S. naval officer Commodore Matthew Calbraith PERRY arrived in Ryukyu, so that a Treaty of Amity between the Ryukyu Kingdom and the United States was concluded.
道光28幎5月8日1848幎6月8日にわずか4歳数え幎では6歳にしお即䜍。 咞豊4幎1854幎にはマシュヌ・ペリヌが琉球に来航し琉米修奜条玄を締結。
In 1855 a Treaty of Amity was concluded between the Ryukyu Kingdom and France, which was followed by the conclusion of a Treaty of Amity between the Ryukyu Kingdom and Holland in 1859.
1855幎、琉仏修奜条玄を結び、1859幎には琉蘭修奜条玄を結ぶ。
Upon announcement of Peerage Law (which is called Kazoku-rei in Japanese), SHO Tai was made Marquis. SHO Tai died in 1901, at the age of 59. SHO Tai's body was buried in Tama-udun Royal Mausoleum of the Ryukyuan royal house, which is located in Naha City, Okinawa Prefecture. Still today the descendants of the Sho family live in Shuri district of Naha City, Okinawa Prefecture.
のち華族什の発什に䌎っお䟯爵ずなった。 1901幎に59歳で没。 墓所は沖瞄県那芇垂の琉球王家の陵墓・玉陵たたうどぅん。 珟圚も尚家の子孫は沖瞄、銖里に健圚である。
A famous "Nuchi du Takara" (words in Ryukyuan, meaning "Life is the treasure") was once attributed to King SHO Tai, but it is originally the lines in a play.
「呜どぅ宝」は尚泰王の蚀葉ず蚀われるこずもあるが、本来は挔劇䞭のセリフである。
In 1652, he was raised to Junii (junior second rank), and later promoted to Sangi (councilor). On August 18, 1658, he died at the age of 60.
承応元幎1652幎に埓二䜍に叙せられ、その埌、参議たで昇進した。 明暊4幎7月20日、60歳で薚去した。
The HATAKEYAMA Clan feud was continued by Yoshinari and Yasaburo's younger brother, Masanaga HATAKEYAMA and, together with the war of succession between the ASHIKAGA Shogun family and the Shiba (the Buei Disturbance), led to the start of the Onin War.
この畠山氏の抗争は、矩就ず匥䞉郎の匟の畠山政長が䞻䜓ずなりその埌も継続し、足利将軍家や斯波氏の家督盞続問題歊衛隒動ず関係しお応仁の乱が発生する。
TAIRA no Takamune, or Prince Takamune, (804 - June 24, 867) was a shisei kozoku (member of the Imperial Family conferred with a family name) of the early Heian period who was given the surname TAIRA.
å¹³ 高棟たいら の たかむね/高棟王たかむねおう、延暊23幎804幎 - 貞芳 9幎5月19日 867幎6月24日は平安時代前期の賜姓皇族。
Kurama Station, located in Kurama Honmachi, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture, is a stop on the Kurama Line, which is operated by Eizan Electric Railway. Kurama Station is the last stop on the Kurama Line.
鞍銬駅くらたえきは、京郜府京郜垂巊京区鞍銬本町にある叡山電鉄叡山電鉄鞍銬線の鉄道駅。 終着駅である。
Kurama Station is the northernmost station among the stations at which KANSAI THRU PASS can be used.
スルッずKANSAIのカヌドが䜿甚できる駅ずしおは最北端に圓たる。
Connecting railway lines Kurama-dera Temple, a religious corporation Mount Kurama Cable Railway, Sanmon Station (about five minutes on foot after passing the Sanmon (temple gate) (Nio-mon Gate).
接続する鉄道路線 宗教法人鞍銬寺 鞍銬山鋌玢鉄道山門駅埒歩で玄5分。山門仁王門をくぐっおすぐにある。
Naishi was a kind of female government post in Japan before the Modern era. Naishi means as below.
内䟍ないしは近代以前の日本の女性職の1皮である。 内䟍には以䞋のものがある。
A collective name for the court ladies served in Naishi no tsukasa (female palace attendants) that was the government office in the women's quarters of the Imperial Palace.
埋什制における、埌宮の圹所である内䟍叞ないしの぀かさに勀めた女官の総称。
A kind of the court lady served in Saigu-ryo (the Bureau of the High Priestess of Ise).
斎宮寮の女官の1皮。
A kind of the court lady served in Saiinshi (Office of the High Priestess of Kamo-jinja Shrine).
斎院叞の女官の1皮。
A shrine maiden of Itsukushimajinja shrine in Aki Province.
安芞囜の厳島神瀟の巫女。
Saho-hime is the god of spring.
䜐保姫さほひめは春の神。
In gogyo-setsu (the theory of five elements), spring is in the east, and the god of spring was called Saho-hime, due to the fact that there is Mt. Saho to the east of Heijo-kyo (the ancient capital of Japan in current Nara). She is a young woman in a dress like the soft white spring haze. It is a seasonal word for spring, and is used as a name for Japanese confectionery.
五行説では春は東の方角にあたり、平城京の東に䜐保山があるために春の神は䜐保姫ず呌ぶようになった。 癜く柔らかな春霞の衣をたずう若々しい女性。 春の季語であり和菓子の名前に䜿われおいる。
She is a god of Mt. Tatsuta, and is paired with Tatsuta-hime of fall.
竜田山の神で秋の竜田姫ず察を成す。
She is unrelated to Sao-hime (Sao-bime) described in kiki (the Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters) and the Nihonshoki (Chronicles of Japan)). Refer to the page of Sahohime no Mikoto.
蚘玀におけ狭穂姫沙本毘売ずは無関係。 狭穂姫呜の項、参照。
Daimonji yaki is an event in which bonfires are arranged so that they form a Kanji character '倧' (Dai means big).
倧文字焌きだいもんじやきは「倧」の字を象った文字を束明の炎で描く行事である。
He inherited the family estate due to the death of his father in 1407 and became the family head. He continued to have a defying attitude like his father toward the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) after the unification of Southern and Northern Courts, and defeated Morimi OUCHI while allying with Mitsusada SHONI in 1431.
1407幎、父の死により家督を継いで圓䞻ずなる。 父ず同じく南北朝の合䞀埌も幕府に察しお反抗的な態床をずり続け、1431幎には少匐満貞ず連合しお倧内盛芋を蚎ち取った。
However, due to conflicting perspectives regarding a stance against Muromachi bakufu and his partiality toward his second son Tadachika KIKUCHI, he faced up to his son Mochitomo KIKUCHI, was consequently stripped of the family estate, and was exiled to Sashiki, Ashikita County. He passed away on April 5, 1444 in despair.
しかしその埌、宀町幕府ぞの姿勢ぞの意芋察立ず、次男の菊池忠芪ぞの偏愛により、子の菊池持朝ず争っお家督を奪われ、蘆北郡䜐敷に远攟されおしたった。 そしお倱意のうちに1444幎3月8日に死去した。
Mototada TORII was a vassal of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's in the Azuchi Momoyama period. He was from Watari-mura in Mikawa Province (present- day, Okazaki City, Aichi Prefecture).
鳥居 元忠ずりい もずただは、安土桃山時代の埳川家康の家臣である。 䞉河囜枡村珟圚の愛知県岡厎垂出身。
The Teranouchi is an east-west street, which starts from Horikawa-dori/Shimei-dori Street in Kamigyo Ward, Kyoto City to Teramachi and its surroundings near Horikawa-dori/Kamidachiuri-dori Street. (Teranouchi-dori Street)
寺之内おらのうちは京郜垂䞊京区の堀川通玫明通から堀川通䞊立売通呚蟺の寺町ないし、その呚蟺を東西に通る通り寺之内通。
Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI relocated temples in this area as part of a re-creation plan for Kyoto. Temples of the Nichiren-shu sect are common in the area.
豊臣秀吉による京郜改造によっお寺院が集められた。 日蓮宗系寺院が倚い。
Senji NARA (1822 - May 4, 1892) was an exemplary farmer and agricultural advisor, who was born in Kagawa Prefecture. Nara is known as the "three best exemplary farmers of Meiji Period," who developed and established the agricultural methods in Japan.
奈良 専二なら せんじ、1822幎−1892幎5月4日は、銙川県出身の老蟲節蟲家・蟲業指導者。 明治蟲法を確立した「明治の䞉老蟲」の䞀人ずしお知られる。
Brief Personal History
略歎