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The Hankyu Arashiyama Line (Hankyu Arashiyama-sen) is a railway of Hankyu Corporation that connects from Katsura Station located in Saikyo Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture, to Arashiyama Station (Hankyu).	嵐山線（あらしやません）は、京都府京都市西京区の桂駅から嵐山駅 (阪急)までを結ぶ阪急電鉄の鉄道路線。
Having Arashiyama and other sightseeing areas along the line, the Hankyu Arashiyama line has a large turnout with holidaymakers and New Year's visitors to shrines. In the past, it was sometimes described as the Arashiyama feeder line.	沿線に嵐山などの観光地を控え、行楽客や年末年始の初詣客で賑わう。かつては嵐山支線と表記した例も見られた。
Railway data: Railway distance (operating kilometers): 4.1 km Track gauge: 1435mm Number of stations: 4 (including the starting and final stations) Double-tracked section: none (the entire line is one-track) Electrified section: entire line electrified (DC1500V) Block (railway) system: automatic block system Maximum speed: 70 km/h Rolling stock base: Katsura depot	路線データ路線距離（営業キロ）：4.1km 軌間：1435mm 駅数：4駅（起終点駅含む）複線区間：なし（全線単線）電化区間：全線電化（直流1500V）閉塞 (鉄道)：自動閉塞式最高速度：70km/h 車両基地：桂車庫
Type of operation Currently, only the shuttle service is available, but a direct special express called the 'Hankyu Kyoto Main Line Special Train' was operated between Umeda Station and Arashiyama Station during the spring and autumn sightseeing seasons until autumn 2000 (with the timetable revision of March 2001, the trains was discontinued).	運行形態現在は線内折返し運転のみだが、2000年秋まで（廃止は2001年3月のダイヤ改正）は春・秋の行楽シーズンに梅田駅～嵐山間に直通の臨時列車急行列車「阪急京都本線臨時列車」が運転されていた。
November 9, 1928: Shinkeihan Railway started operations between Katsura Station and Arashiyama Station.	1928年（昭和3年）11月9日新京阪鉄道により桂～嵐山間が開業。
September 15, 1930: Following the incorporation of the Shinkeihan Railway into Keihan Electric Railway, the line became one of the Keihan Electric Railway lines.	1930年（昭和5年）9月15日新京阪鉄道の京阪電気鉄道への企業合併により、同社の路線となる。
October 1, 1943: With the merger of the Keihan Electric Railway into Hanshin Electric Express Railway, the line belonged to Hanshin Electric Express Railway (Hankyu Dentetsu).	1943年（昭和18年）10月1日京阪電気鉄道の阪神急行電鉄への合併により、阪急電鉄の保有路線となる。
January 9, 1944: Owing to the compulsory delivery of materials, the entire line became one-track.	1944年（昭和19年）1月9日資材供出のため全線単線化。
January 1, 1948: Matsuojinja-mae Station was renamed as Matsuo Station.	1948年（昭和23年）1月1日松尾神社前駅を松尾駅に改称。
List of stations All trains make a stop at each station.	駅一覧全列車が各駅に停車する。
Myogaku (1056-year of death unknown) was a priest of the Tendai sect in the late Heian period. Myogaku's name was also read as Meikaku. He adopted the name of Onsenbo or Yuishinbo (unconfirmed).	明覚（みょうがく、天喜4年（1056年） - 没年不詳）は、平安時代後期の天台宗の僧。読み方についてはめいかくとも読む。温泉房または唯心房（存疑）と号した。
Somon is one of the three main poetic categories to constitute the old collection of poetry "Manyoshu" together with Zoka (Miscellaneous Poem) and Banka (Laments). It means keeping in touch with each other by exchanging the words to ask after safety.	相聞（そうもん）とは、雑歌・挽歌とともに『万葉集』の三大部立を構成する要素の1つ。互いに安否を問うて消息を通じ合うという意味である。
Arinori MORI (his name is written 森有禮 in orthographic style) (August 23, 1847 - February 12, 1889) was a Japanese samurai as well as a feudal retainer of Satsuma Province and a statesman. He was the first Minister of Education, and one of the six major educators in the Meiji period. He was a viscount. Sukegoro or Kinnojo (金之丞) was an alias (byname).	森有礼（もりありのり、正字体：森有禮、1847年8月23日（弘化4年7月13日 (旧暦)） - 1889年（明治22年）2月12日）は、日本の武士・薩摩藩士・政治家である。初代の文部大臣、明治の明治六大教育家。子爵。仮名 (通称)は助五郎、金之丞。
Tofu is a food that's made mainly from soybeans.	豆腐（とうふ）は、ダイズを主原料とした、食品。
Warosoku is a kind of candle which is a lighting device.	和蝋燭（わろうそく）は灯具であるろうそくの一種。
It is made by heating mokuro (Japan tallow) extracted from sumac nuts to melt, manually pouring it around a wick made of washi Japanese paper or rush, and standing the product to dry. The section of a finished warosoku shows an annual ring-like pattern.	ハゼノキの実から搾り取った木蝋などを加熱して熔かしたものを、和紙およびイグサのから作った芯（灯心）の周りに手でかけ、乾燥させて作る。完成した蝋燭は、断面が年輪状になる。
Candles made from 100 percent sumac wax are regarded as the highest in quality.	ハゼノキの油のみで作った蝋燭が最も高級とされる。
Fushimi-inari Station, located in Fukakusa-ichinotsubo-cho, Fushimi Ward, Kyoto City, Kyoto Prefecture, is a stop on the Keihan Main Line, which is operated by Keihan Electric Railway.	伏見稲荷駅（ふしみいなりえき）は、京都府京都市伏見区深草一坪町にある、京阪電気鉄道京阪本線の鉄道駅。
Although the station is called "Fushimi Inari," Inari Station on the Nara Line, operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West), is located nearer to Fushimi Inari Taisha Shrine than this station is.	伏見稲荷という駅名だが、伏見稲荷大社へは、西日本旅客鉄道（JR西日本）奈良線の稲荷駅の方が近い。
However, the extent of the congestion in this station is tremendous during the New Year holiday season. Because the use of Keihan is less expensive when going to or returning from the central part of Kyoto, such as Sanjo-dori Street and Shijo-dori Street, or when using the Hankyu Kyoto Main Line, many people use this station.	とはいえ、正月の駅の大混雑振りは凄まじいものがある。三条通や四条通といった京都市の中心部への行き来や阪急京都本線に乗換える場合は京阪を利用する方が安く早く行けるので、当駅の利用者数は多い。
Corresponding to the updating of the operation management system in June 2007, public announcements of detailed information were introduced, being the latest such introduction in the stations where the express trains stopped. At the same time, an LED-type train information display unit was installed.	2007年6月の運行管理システム更新に合わせる形で、急行停車駅では最も遅く詳細放送が導入された。同時にLED式列車案内も設置されている。
Shichifukujin refers to seven deities which are believed to bring good luck in Japan.	七福神（しちふくじん）とは、福をもたらすとして日本で信仰されている七柱の神である。
Each deity They are generally supposed to be the seven deities mentioned below.	個々の神一般には以下の七柱の神とされる。
Ebisu It used to be the deity of fishery for 'good catch and happiness' in ancient times. With the times, it has become the deity of commerce and agriculture bringing 'prosperous trade' and 'good harvests' as a deity of good luck.	えびす古くは「大漁追福」の漁業の神であった。時代と共に福の神として「商売繁盛」や「五穀豊穣」をもたらす、商業や農業の神となった。
Daikokuten It is syncretization of Shiva from Hinduism in India and Okuninushi no Mikoto from ancient Japan. As in the expression Daikoku bashira (the central pillar or the mainstay), it has become the deity controlling food and fortune.	大黒天インドのヒンドゥー教のシヴァ神と日本古来の大国主命の習合。大黒柱と現されるように食物・財福を司る神となった。
Bishamonten It was originally Kubera from Hinduism in India, which has become Vaishuravana (Tamonten) as a Buddhism deity and is called Bishamonten in Japan.	毘沙門天元はインドのヒンドゥー教のクヴェーラ神で、これが仏教の神のヴァイシュラヴァナ（多聞天）になり日本では毘沙門天と呼ばれる。
Benzaiten It is the only female among Shichifukujin, and was originally Saraswati, a female deity from Hinduism in India. As a deity of Shichifukujin, it is mostly written as '弁財天.'	弁才天（弁財天）七福神の中の紅一点で元はインドのヒンドゥー教の女神であるサラスヴァティー神。七福神の一柱としては「弁財天」と表記されることが多い。
Fukurokuju It is supposed to be a Taoist of Taoism in Song (Southern Dynasty), or another name or the same deity of Jurojin, which is Lao-tzu, a deity of Taoism and the incarnation of the southern polar stars.	福禄寿道教の宋 (南朝)の道士または、道教の神で南極星の化身の老子である寿老人の別名または同一神とされる。
Jurojin It is Lao-tzu, a deity of Taoism and the incarnation of the southern polar stars.	寿老人道教の神で南極星の化身の老子。
Hotei It is a Buddhism monk who is said to have existed in Mingzhou at the end of Tang Dynasty.	布袋唐の末期の明州に実在したといわれる仏教の僧。
Sanetaka SANJONISHI (May 20, 1455 to November 15, 1537) was a nobleman in the Muromachi period. Sanetaka was the second son of naidaijin (internal minister), Kimiyasu SANJONISHI. Sanetaka's political rank was Shonii (Senior Second Rank) and naidaijin. His given name was originally Kimiyo and Kiminobu. His called himself Shoyoin.	三条西実隆（さんじょうにしさねたか、康正元年4月25日 (旧暦)（1455年5月11日） - 天文 (元号)6年10月3日 (旧暦)（1537年11月5日））は、室町時代の公家。内大臣三条西公保の次男。官位は正二位・内大臣。名はもと公世、公延。号は逍遙院。
Kamigoryomae-dori Street is a street running east-west through Kyoto City. The street runs from Kamo kaido of Kamo-gawa River (Yodo-gawa River water system) in the east to Chiekoin-dori Street in the west.	上御霊前通（かみごりょうまえどおり）は京都市内の東西の通りの一つ。東は鴨川 (淀川水系)の加茂街道から、西は智恵光院通まで。
Kuramaguchi-dori Street is one street north of Kamigoryomae-dori Street which goes through the southern limit of Kita Ward (Kyoto City) which makes Kamigoryomae-dori Street the northern limit of Kamigyo Ward from east to west. The street is not broad and there is little traffic.	一筋北の鞍馬口通が北区 (京都市)の南限を通るため、上御霊前通が上京区を東西に貫くもっとも北の通りとなる。全区間にわたり、道幅は広くなく、通行量も少ない。
Between Shinmachi-dori Street and Omiya-dori Street, it is a part of Teranouchi where many temples are closed. In other sections, there are small stores and urban houses.	新町通から大宮通にかけては、寺院の集中する寺之内の一角である。他の区間は小規模な商店が点在し、市街地の住宅が並ぶ。
The street is named "Kamigoryomae-dori Street" because it passes Kamigoryo-jinja Shrine where the Onin war broke out.	名称は応仁の乱勃発の地である上御霊神社の門前を通ることからつけられた。
Facilities on the Main Roadside	主な沿道の施設
Saionji-Temple, Kamigoryo-agaru Teramachi-dori Street	西園寺　寺町通上御霊上ル
Kamigoryo-jinja Shrine, Kamigoryo higashi-iru Karasuma-dori Street	上御霊神社　烏丸通上御霊東入
Other Temples in Teranouchi	寺之内の諸寺院
Myoken-ji Temple, Shimachi nishi-iru Kamigoryomae-dori Street, the entrance gate is located at Teranouchi-dori Street which is the opposite side	妙顕寺　上御霊前通新町西入　ただし正面は反対の寺之内通側
Myokaku-ji Temple, Shimachi nishi-iru Kamigoryomae-dori Street	妙覚寺　上御霊前通新町西入
Honpo-ji Temple (Kyoto City), Kamigoryo-sagaru Ogawa-dori Street	本法寺 (京都市)　小川通上御霊下ル
Kosei-ji Temple, Kamigoryo-agaru Horikawa-dori Street	聖興寺　堀川通上御霊上ル
Urasenke Gakuen, Kamigoryomae-sagaru Ogawa-dori Street	裏千家学園　小川通上御霊前下ル
Suika Tenmangu Shrine, Kamigoryo-agaru Horikawa-dori Street	水火天満宮　堀川通上御霊上ル
Kyoto City Kita-sogo School for Special Education, a corner of Kamigoryo, Horikawa-dori Street	京都府北総合養護学校　堀川通上御霊角
Ichiidani Nanano-jinja Shrine, Chiekoin higashi-iru Kamigoryomae-dori Street	櫟谷七野神社（いちいだにななのじんじゃ）上御霊前通智恵光院東入
Nishiki NIIMI (1836 – October 25, 1863?) He was from Mito Domain. He was the leader of Shinsengumi and demoted to the vice chief later. He was also called Kinzan.	新見錦（にいみにしき、天保7年(1836年) - 文久3年9月13日 (旧暦)(1863年10月25日)？）。水戸藩出身。新選組局長のち副長に降格。号は錦山（きんざん）。
When he borrowed money from Gohe HIRANOYA in Osaka to make Shinsengumi's haori (Japanese half-coat), he signed his name as 親見錦 (Shinmi SHINMI) as a leader in apposition with Kondo and Sesizawa. Considering the signature, it is possible that his name 新見錦 is read Shinmi NISHIKI.	新選組の羽織を作るために大坂の平野屋五兵衛から金子を借りた時に、隊長として近藤、芹沢と同格で「親見錦」と署名した。署名から新見錦の読みがしんみにしきである可能性もある。
Biography He learned swordsmanship from Sukeyemon Okada and was conferred Menkyo-kaiden (full proficiency) of the Shindo-Munen school.	生涯岡田助右衛門に剣を学び神道無念流剣術免許皆伝を授かる。
Niimi left Edo on March 26 and arrived at Kyoto on April 10. He stayed at the residence of Kamejiro NANBU with Shingoro KASUYA (from Mito). Serizawa stayed at the residence of Gennojo YAGI with Kondo and according to the recollection of the son of the Yagi family Tamesaburo YAGI, Niimi and Kasuya spent a lot of time at the house of Yagi family where Serizawa stayed.	8日に江戸を出立して23日に入京。粕谷新五郎（水戸出身）とともに南部亀二郎邸に宿泊。芹沢は近藤とともに八木源之丞邸に宿泊しており、八木家の子息だった八木為三郎の回顧によれば、新見と粕谷は芹沢のいる八木家に入り浸っていたという。
When the group was reorganized in July due to the increasing number of members, Niimi was demoted from the leader to the vice commander.	隊士が増えて6月に編成変えが行われた時には、新見は局長から副長に降格されている。
At the Coup of August 18 (old calendar), Niimi went into action with Serizawa and Kondo, and fought as rear guard. Using this occasion, Mibu-Roshigumi changed its mane to Shinsengumi.	八月十八日の政変では芹沢、近藤らと出動して殿を務めている。この出動を機に壬生浪士組は新選組（新撰組）と改称した。
On October 28, only three days after Niimi's death, Serizawa and Goro HIRAYAMA from the Mitoha group were attacked and murdered by the Shieikanha group, by which the Mitoha group of Shinsengumi was destroyed.	新見の死の僅か3日後の9月16日に芹沢と水戸派の平山五郎が試衛館派に襲撃・暗殺されており、新選組の水戸派は壊滅した。
Kazarimusubi is as follows. It refers to the method of making decorative knots with cords; it also refers to the knots themselves.	飾り結び（かざりむすび）とは、下記のとおりである。紐を使って装飾的に結ぶ手法、及びその結び目。
Of those mentioned above, those developed in Japan is especially described here. It is described in detail in this section.	上記のうち特に日本で発達したもの。本項で詳述。
Kazarimusubi is a traditional craft which was originally learned from China and was developed in Japan. It is also called 'hanamusubi' (flower knots). Kazarimusubi is often referred to as 'kumihimo,' which is in fact a craft of braiding threads together to make cords, and therefore is not a same thing as kazarimusubi that is made by making knots with cords.	飾り結びは、中国から伝わった結びをもとに日本で発達した伝統工芸である。花結びとも呼ばれる。一般に組み紐と呼ばれることも多いが、組み紐は糸を組んで紐を作る工芸であり、紐を結んで作る飾り結びとは別である。
Japanese kazarimusubi has two origins: one is a several types of decorative knots which were brought into the country together with the teaching of Buddhism, and the other is the red and white hemp cords which decorated the gifts brought back to Japan by a Japanese envoy to Sui Dynasty China (this is same as mizuhiki, or decorative strings).	日本の飾り結びは、仏教とともに伝わったいくつかの結びと、遣隋使が持ち帰った下賜品に結ばれていた紅白の麻紐が起源とされる（水引と同じ）。
OGIMACHISANJO was the longest surname in Japan.	なお、「おおぎまちさんじょう」は日本の名字では最も長い物であった。
After the coming-of-age ceremony in April 9, 1249, the Prince Tadanari was called Iwakuranomiya.	王はこの後宝治3年（1249年）2月25日 (旧暦)に元服し、岩倉宮と呼ばれるようになる。
The Nagoya obi is a kind of Japanese woman's obi (sash). It has become popular since the Meiji period. This name derived from the fact that a geisha (Japanese professional female entertainer at drinking party) in Nogoya who was an old friend of gofukuya (kimono shop), the designer, wore it.	名古屋帯（なごやおび）とは日本の女帯の一種。明治以降に普及。名前の由来は、考案した呉服屋の馴染みだった名古屋の芸者が身につけていたことから。
However, some say it was designed by Haruko KOSHIHARA, the founder of Nagoya Girls' School (currently, Nagoya Women's University). As there are various views on the origin of the name, it is also written 'なごや帯' instead of '名古屋帯.' Under such circumstances, the Yahoo Auction uses 'なごや帯' for its category title.	あるいは、名古屋女学校（現在の名古屋女子大学）の創始者越原春子が考案したともいわれている。このように諸説あり、「名古屋帯」という名称は使わず、「なごや帯」と称する場合もある。このことからヤフーオークションのカテゴリーは「なごや帯」となっている。
As shown below, the Nagoya obi is roughly categorized into two types based on the width of textiles. Kyusun (27.27 cm) Nagoya obi (sewn with an obishin [padding of obi] made of sail cloth) Hassun (24.24 cm) Nagoya obi (simply folded over and sewn together without an obishin)	種類は、仕立てる前の織物の幅によって次のように大別される。九寸名古屋帯(帆布の帯芯を入れて仕立てる) 八寸名古屋帯(帯芯を入れず単純に折り返し、縫い合わせる)
(the width of the portion of otaiko is hassun, measured by kujirajaku (a measure used in kimono-making), for both types.)	(お太鼓の部分の幅は何れも鯨８寸となる。）
Yoshiyuki KANZE the third (June 2, 1935-) is a Noh actor of Kanze ryu Shite kata (a main actor of the Kanze school in Noh play). He is presently the fourth head of the Yarai Kanze family, the Kanze Kyukokai Party. His real name is Keisuke KANZE.	三世観世喜之（さんせいかんぜよしゆき、1935年6月2日 -）は、観世流シテ方能楽師。矢来観世家・観世九皐会四世当主。本名観世敬祐。
His oldest son is Yoshimasa KANZE.	長男が観世喜正。
Unshitsu (April 8, 1753-June 3, 1827) was a Japanese Buddhist priest and a scholar.	雲室（うんしつ、宝暦3年3月5日 (旧暦)（1753年4月8日） - 文政10年5月9日 (旧暦)（1827年6月3日））は、日本の僧、学者。
FUJIWARA no Onshi/Yasuko (885 - February 9, 954) was a daughter of FUJIWARA no Mototsune. Her mother was Princess Soshi (a daughter of Imperial Prince Saneyasu). She was the second consort of the sixtieth Emperor Daigo and biological mother of the sixty-first Emperor Suzaku and the sixty-second Emperor Murakami. Her alias was Gojo no kisaki.	藤原穏子（ふじわらのおんし・やすこ、仁和元年（885年） - 天暦8年1月4日（954年2月9日））は、関白藤原基経女。母は操子女王（人康親王女）。第60代醍醐天皇中宮、第61代朱雀天皇・第62代村上天皇生母。別名五条后。
The Imperial mausoleum is located in Uji no misasagi (the Uji Mausoleum) (present-day Kohata Nakamura, Uji City, Kyoto Prefecture).	陵墓は宇治陵（京都府宇治市木幡中村）。
Kokei was decorated using hana-kanzasi, an ornamental hairpin with a flower-shaped accessory, made of colored ivory having a portion to be inserted into the hair made of a metal.	髪に指す部分が金属でできた彩色した象牙細工の花簪を髪に飾る。
Kaihatsu-ryoshu (also pronounced as Kaihotsu-ryoshu) were those who owned the lands they developed as their territories in Shoen koryo sei (The System of Public Lands and Private Estates) in Japan. They were also called konpon-ryoshu.	開発領主（かいほつりょうしゅ/かいはつりょうしゅ）は、日本の荘園公領制において、田地を開発して領地を確保した者をいう。根本領主ともいう。
Tomomi IWAKURA (October 26, 1825 - July 20, 1883) was a Japanese court noble and a politician. His childhood name was Kanemaru and his nickname was Taigaku. His Buddhist name during this probation period was Yuzan. His rank was Shoichii (Senior First Rank).	岩倉具視（いわくらともみ、文政8年9月15日 (旧暦)（1825年10月26日）- 明治16年（1883年）7月20日）は日本の公家､政治家。幼名は周丸（かねまる）、号は対岳。謹慎中の法名は友山。正一位。
Three steps are called hatsuzoe (the first step), nakazoe (second step), and tomezoe (third step).	分ける三段階を、初めから初添（はつぞえ）、仲添（なかぞえ）、留添（とめぞえ）と呼ぶ。
It was originally used as a synonym of sandan-jikomi (three-stage preparation).	ほんらい三段仕込み（さんだんじこみ）と同じ意味で使われる。
The following is the general context of Japanese sake production, not academic or professional terms.	なお、学問的・専門的にではなく、あくまでも一般的な理解のためという前提で補足すると、日本酒の製法という文脈に限っては、
"Shikomu' ='Produce'	「仕込む」＝「造る」
Shikomi'='Production'	「仕込み」＝「造り」
They could be considered synonyms.	はほぼ同義語として考えてよい。
The term Kouin refers to Imperial descendants.	皇胤（こういん）とは、広く天皇の子孫を指す言葉である。
In 740, he joined the rebellion of FUJIWARA no Hirotsugu, his oldest brother, in Kitakyushu and led the force of five thousand soldiers from Bungo Province. However, the rebellion was easily subdued by the imperial forces led by ONO no Azumahito. Tsunade was captured and executed with Hirotsugu in Matsuura, Hizen Province, on November 28 of the same year.	天平12年、北九州において長兄藤原広嗣の反乱に加わり、五千の兵を率いて豊後国から進軍する。しかし乱は大野東人率いる官軍によって敢えなく鎮圧された。捕虜となった綱手は、同年11月1日、肥前国松浦にて広嗣ともども誅殺された。
The toji union is a union organized by toji (sake brewers) who are professionals of sake production. As a general rule, a toji union is organized for each local style or school at various places.	杜氏組合（とうじくみあい）とは、日本酒の酒造技術者である杜氏が作る組合。原則として杜氏各地の杜氏の流派（または流派）ごとに形成されている。
Summary Several of the small toji groups form a union in partnership with the others in the surrounding area. This kind of instances are more in these days that the total number of toji has drastically decreased.	概要小さな杜氏集団では、周辺のいくつかの杜氏集団と共同で一つの組合を持っている。杜氏全体の数が激減している近年、むしろそうした例のほうが多いといっても良い。
History There were sharp conflicts with brewery owners who were capitalists due to the labor-management relations from the early Meiji period to the early Showa period, but nowadays the union's main works are labor management, benefits, skill enhancement, training of successors, and so on.	歴史日本酒の歴史明治時代前期から日本酒の歴史昭和時代前期にかけては、激しく資本家である蔵元と労使関係として対立することもあったが、近年はとみに同じ杜氏集団の労務管理、福利厚生、技術の研鑽、後継者の育成などが主な仕事となっている。
The chihaya (outer vestment garment) has existed in Japan since ancient times and is a piece of clothing used when performing religious rituals and duties that is principally worn by women.	千早（ちはや・襅）とは、日本において古来より神事の際に用いられた衣装で、主に女性が着た。
In 1180 when Yoshitsune in Oshu went to the armed camp of MINAMOTO no Yoritomo who had raised an army, he accompanied Yoshitsune along with his brother Tsugunobu by order of FUJIWARA no Hidehira. He joined the army to hunt down and kill the Heike family as a retainer of Yoshitsune. His elder brother Tsugunobu was killed in the Battle of Yashima.	治承4年（1180年）奥州にいた義経が挙兵した源頼朝の陣に赴く際、藤原秀衡の命により兄・継信と共に義経に随行。義経の郎党として平家追討軍に加わった。兄・継信は屋島の戦いで討死している。
On October 17, 1185 when Yoshitsune and Yoritomo confronted and Yoritomo dispatched Shoshin TOSANOBO, an assassin, to Yoshitsune's mansion in Kyoto, Yoshitsune, who chose Tadanobu from his small number of retainers remained in his mansion for a companion, jumped out of the gate and fought back himself.	文治元年（1185年）10月17日義経と頼朝が対立し、京都の義経の屋敷に頼朝からの刺客である土佐坊昌俊が差し向けられ、義経は屋敷に残った僅かな郎党の中で忠信を伴い、自ら門を飛び出して来て応戦している。
"Genpei Seisui ki" (Rise and Fall of the Minamoto and the Taira clans) tells that he died at the age of 26. (Tadanobu's stone pagoda located in Io-ji Temple (Fukushima City) which is Sato clan's family temple tells that he died at the age of 34.)	『源平盛衰記』によると享年は26。（佐藤氏の菩提寺である医王寺 (福島市) の忠信の石塔には享年34とある）
Myokei MATSUMOTO (1945 -) is the present-day Busshi (sculptor of Buddhist statues) who belongs to the Keiha School. He was born in Kyoto City.	松本明慶（まつもとみょうけい, 1945年(昭和20年) -）は、現代日本の仏師であり、慶派に属するとされる。京都市生まれ。
NARA Yoshinari no imouto (Yoshinari NARA's younger sister, years of birth and death unknown) was known as a chaste woman who lived in the Azuchi-Momoyama period. Yoshinari's younger sister was fond of 'waka' (Japanese poetry), being good at 'sho' (calligraphy).	奈良義成の妹（ならよしなりのいもうと、生没年不詳）は、安土桃山時代の貞婦。和歌を好み、書をよくした。
Learning about the Yoshinari's younger sister and Kyuzaemon, Nobunaga ODA condemned Kyuzaemon's adultery and lack of consideration and charity, thereby arresting Kyuzaemon's wife for execution and crucified her.	のちに、織田信長はこれをきき、久左衛門の不義不仁をにくみ、その妻女をとらえて磔刑に処した。
Johen (1166 - May 16, 1224) was a priest of the Shingon Sect in the early part of the Kamakura period. His father was TAIRA no Yorimori, the yonger brother of TAIRA no Kiyomori. His pseudonym was Shinenbo/Shinrenbo. He was also called Zenrinji hoin (Zenrin-ji Temple highest-ranking priest) or Dainagon hoin (Dainagon (Major Counselor) highest-ranking priest).	静遍（じょうへん、仁安 (日本)元年（1166年） - 貞応3年4月20日 (旧暦)（1224年5月9日））は、鎌倉時代前期の真言宗の僧。父は平清盛の弟平頼盛。号は心円房・真蓮房。禅林寺法印、大納言法印とも称される。
Baishin refers to a name indicating a vassal of vassal in the samurai's relationship between lord and vassal. It was also called 'Matamono' or 'Matakerai' (indirect retainer).	陪臣（ばいしん）とは、武家の主従関係において家臣の家臣を指した呼称。「またもの」、「また家来」とも呼ばれた。
Kinpu-jinja Shrine is a shrine located in Yoshino-cho, Yoshino County, Nara Prefecture. It is located in the furthest depths of Yoshino, and enshrines the tutelary deity of Mt. Yoshino. It is a shikinaisha (Shinto shrine listed in the Engishiki) (Myojin Taisha) and a gosha (regional shrine) in the old shrine ranking system.	金峯神社（きんぷじんじゃ）は奈良県吉野郡吉野町にある神社である。吉野の最も奥にあり、吉野山の地主神を祭る。式内社（名神大社）で、旧社格は郷社。
In July 2004 it was registered as part of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) world heritage "Sacred Sites and Pilgrimage Routes in the Kii Mountain Range."	2004年7月に、国際連合教育科学文化機関の世界遺産『紀伊山地の霊場と参詣道』の一部として登録された。
In some grocery stores in Shiga Prefecture, simmered takuan dishes are sold at the ready-made dish section labeled as 'zeitaku-ni' (luxurious simmered dish).	なお、滋賀県内のスーパマーケットでは惣菜コーナーにおいて「ぜいたく煮」という名称で販売もされている。
This phrase might make people wonder at first, because it is difficult to make a connection with the simmered dish of daikon pickles, and it indicates the dish with unique cuisines by each region. Every family has their own recipe inherited from generation to generation; below is an example of how the simmered takuan dish is made in Fukui Prefecture.	この名称はあまりに一般的であり初めて聞くものには違和感を抱かせるが、それぞれの地域では、固有の料理法をもつ料理をさす。それぞれの家庭に伝来の味があるがここに福井県での作り方の一例を示す。
Cut old takuan into 2 to 3 mm thick into round slices, put them in a bowl with water.	2～3mmの厚さで輪切りにした古沢庵と水をボウルに入れ、30分程度置いた後、水を捨てる。
Put takuan and some water in a pot; simmer it in the pot until takuan becomes soft. While cooking, pour off and add water several times.	鍋に移し水を入れ、沢庵が柔らかくなるまで煮る。途中で何度か水を取り替える。
Make sure to have a good ventilation because a strong smell will develop during cooking.	煮ているときはものすごい臭いがするので、しっかり換気すること。
When takuan becomes soft enough, pour the water off, then add dashi, soy sauce, and one table spoon of sesame oil, and let it simmer for a while.	沢庵が柔らかくなったら水を捨て、出汁・醤油・油（胡麻油）大さじ1程度を加えて煮る。

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