id stringlengths 8 90 | text stringlengths 528 58.1k | page_name stringlengths 2 99 | topic stringclasses 15 values | subtopic stringclasses 45 values | subjects_top_term stringclasses 279 values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
19301_SongBeneaththeSong | song song beneath song known grey anatomy music event eighteenth episode seventh season american television medical drama grey anatomy fourth episode overall named song american singer written series creator directed premiered abc united_states march series musical episode features cast performing songs previously featured program accompanied soundtrack album titled released march episode revolves involved collision songs performed cast members attempt save life originally episode conception drama remained untitled episode opened mixed reviews television critics second watched program night song beneath song ranked best worst lists soundtrack included billboard plot route weekend involved collision moments proposes marriage suffers severe injuries life life child taken seattle grace mercy west hospital institute work colleagues attempt save father baby stand injuries include trauma barely conscious version standing begins sing gradually joined doctors treating singing continues episode projection attempts reach goes cardiac arrest taken operating room temporarily stabilized pending surgery moved intensive care surgeon flown helicopter case baby delivered prematurely argue treatment believes risk baby argues saving costs attending treatment plan led trauma surgeon dreams moments preceding accident dream self sings interspersed shots hospital staff singing dancing partners suggests treating high risk potentially effective procedure learned old mentor current mentor refuses perform condition rushed surgery hunt agrees yang attempt procedure goes cardiac arrest montgomery delivers daughter weeks gestation baby initially unable breathe support steps able revive operating room condition begins improve surgery complete doctors deal affairs partner commits new relationship resident sister confesses jealous pregnancy prompts husband promise child tells yang longer teach bond shared later keeps able recovering self regains consciousness accepts proposal production conception grey anatomy began series creator planned produce musical episode idea filming pilot episode program untitled felt seasons seven right time crew try wanted explained finally right idea right talent musical episode happen filming began seven half years initially raised idea episode shot approximately weeks cast member jokingly referred episode intended differ musical television episodes called opposite feeling stopping musical episode aimed musical musical said difficulty getting network permission added studio people network people took people dinner jumped people clearly thinking woman idiot explains took long produce episode script written november centered episode character stated storyline developed regardless involved musical performances opportunity launch career singer songwriter alternate version story included debut released days prior episode premiere episode served improve relationship mark arizona assessed traumatic leads having greater understanding appreciation need desire lives come care think musical performances executive producer director selected songs famous use grey anatomy chose iconic ones ones best suited singers ones sense multiple cover versions include program theme tune rocket primary vocalists cast members soundtrack includes save life running sunshine performed ensemble pieces wilson wilson perform snow patrol chasing cars lead vocalist story grace features female cast members including chorus wilson lead vocalist wait set operate breathe told actors adamant excited singing possibility participate episode certain ways scenes written song line spoken instead sung said vocal coach enlisted help cast music director recruited arrange selected songs cast arrangements took months vocals recorded days february praised cast response episode noting performers vocal talent barely sung shower professional singing experience include won tony award role musical wilson appeared broadway production caroline change cast members reactions episode varied initially deemed idea crazy rescinded stance following read recurring cast member stated singing bit comfort zone found interesting challenge deemed exciting completely limb reception pre broadcast commentary critical response prior broadcast mixed assessed episode stopping triumph spectacular failure possible middle ground guide initially doubts visit set listened soundtrack likened beloved early seasons grey music played vital role entertainment_weekly predicted heavy use fellow writer optimistic episode success commenting faith like musicals like grey work ratings original broadcast song beneath song watched average million american viewers attained nielsen rating share demographic making second highest rated program night american idol fox network rating second highest seventh season point percent increase previous episode watched million fewer viewers canada episode aired march watched million viewers viewership increased attained million viewers preceding episode viewed scripted week original broadcast song beneath song ranked second post broadcast commentary following minutes drama reactions twitter mixed fanatic gave episode stars found overall concept worked music played big songs appropriate better performed wrote concept worked new noted format probably effect future episodes critic fan concept saying grey anatomy event proved tricky established especially drama pull musical episode like actors performances wrote good delivered impressive vocal work best acting career night anxious father terrified lose best friend little wall street journal wrote glee baby tonight episode medical drama anatomy titled song beneath song review episode alan_sepinwall hitfix wrote like grey anatomy parts unintentionally silly surprisingly powerful rarely dull patrick admitted musical episode showrunner best idea explained difficult fresh episodes year lot ideas position chances works year singing episode think big mistake try accolades episode ranked number guide network special biggest included guide list worst saying powerhouse pipes episode desperately needed better buddytv ranked number list appeared digital_spy best musical episodes supervising music editor nominated short form musical television category golden reel awards work episode soundtrack track listing chart history grey anatomy music event debuted number billboard copies sold reached number soundtracks chart number independent album story entered billboard hot singles chart number canadian hot | Song Beneath the Song | Media and drama | Television | Grey's Anatomy episodes |
19895_IAlwaysFeelLikeSomebody'sWatchin'Me | feel like somebody feel like somebody episode sixth season american television medical drama grey anatomy episode overall written directed episode originally broadcast abc united_states october episode physicians struggle maintain jobs hospital merges storylines include working returning work time quickly surgery episode set seattle washington filming primarily took place los_angeles california guest appearances reprised roles guest stars episode title refers song feel like american hip hop group feel like somebody opened generally positive critical reviews performance praised particular initial airing episode viewed million americans garnered nielsen rating share demographic ranking night terms viewership plot tries convince surgeon place service agrees trauma victim brought emergency room surgical residents trying impress superior physicians hope job preserved come merger returns time work quickly cancer treatment showcasing auburn wig assigned trauma victim transferring blood operating room slips running dismayed merger chief surgery initiating optimistic assuring jobs patient son tom brought hospital moving growth inside stomach claimed alien son yang expresses difficulty connecting children disappointment tom frightened notices wearing tag attacks runs away mother subsequently diagnosed abdominal requires surgery tom falls stairs requires surgery returns hospital informs yang uneasy agreeing surgery convinces right thing resident accidentally cuts baby arm section healed plastic surgeon yang stevens assists shepherd hour fearful handle ultimately able complete surgery conclusion episode human resources sends email wife fired production episode written directed edited episode served production designer episode title refers song feel like american hip hop group featured music includes gossip pop goes world chain intended theme episode paranoia richard dropped bomb hospital merging knew episode deal people paranoia merger means change change means fear worst kind fear kind lives head dark thoughts paranoia worst case scenarios play usually don come true richard inside office breeding ground rumor fear paranoia started talking episode theme paranoia emerged pretty quickly storylines episode inspired friend base including story offered insight inspiration story tom came kid knew growing named jon mom barbara mom friends went family grew paranoid mom recently told story jon needs barbara unavailable day golf bridge knows long jon find barber shop okay drive waiting good feeling happen right away day patient kind mother moved mom told story know people know painful handles dignity humor picture scene car pulls jon totally trying talk giving try wanting ultimately afraid telling try picture seat car love disappointment fear negotiate mundane thing mundane story tom falling stairs creating real dilemma idea bailey finger tom human mother doctor human idea came original inspiration complicated love witnessed family friends conclusion episode physicians played game baseball cheer called favorite scene explaining loved scene owen mark meredith baseball field times owen seen intensity love makes leave hospital focus good scene actually inspired saying let scene playing baseball finally saw makes want write scenes like doctors outside hospital little real life reception broadcasting feel like somebody broadcast october united_states abc episode viewed total million americans previous episode goodbye garnered million viewers terms viewership feel like somebody ranked night cbs csi episode win viewership nielsen rating ranked eastern time slot entire night rating share key demographic beating csi office rating won night decrease previous episode garnered rating share demographic critical reception episode generally received television critics fanatic called yang epic fail praised humor given called storyline endearing sad watch writing overall episode classic grey anatomy gave positive review episode writing mark ones keeping cool felt meredith commenting meredith kept optimism character crisis recognizes yang service bear called voice positive stevens storyline saying super annoying pretty sweet end episode enjoyed storyline commenting proves worth end cinema blend said stevens wig looked like wig adding hard time looking cancer patient knows job line like working round clock showing chief acting like overlord enjoyed performance yang writing dealing children actually provides tense episode miss thinks striking gold moving able types surgery little people makes surgery harder course better things don turn planned realizes kids little adult counterparts outs arizona doesn like kids sense outing enjoyed wilson performance bailey addition writing wins best line know job safe yang babies arms michael huffington_post disliked stevens wig writing wig looked horrible looked exactly like mother compliment loved wife joke including couldn help hair balls tell bad enjoyed performance commenting episode felt genuine character maintained book smart ability repeat facts like merger cases shows command medical situations found bear voice comical adding laughed attempted voice bear knew didn know shocked departure character writing believe cut understand wasn having character nice kind ass chief personally tell people cut look | I Always Feel Like Somebody's Watchin' Me | Media and drama | Television | Grey's Anatomy episodes |
20754_GreatExpectations(Grey'sAnatomy) | grey anatomy great expectations thirteenth episode season american television medical drama grey anatomy 49th episode overall written directed episode aired abc united_states january episode struggle considered position chief surgery announces plans retirement storylines include knight mourning father trying financial support free clinic dealing troubled relationship episode set seattle filming occurred los_angeles california reprised role guest star addition title episode refers song great expectations american hard rock band kiss episode received mixed favorable reviews storyline involving particularly highlighted running minutes seven seconds episode viewed million americans united_states original airing ranked time slot garnered nielsen rating demographic plot great expectations opens voice narration expectations surgeon following death son knight seen sex way cope devastating news displeasure girlfriend seeks help best friend unexpectedly announces plans retirement lead hospital attending compete position chief surgery facing difficulties relationship betrayal seen resulted silent treatment resident expresses desire open free clinic adjacent hospital deals rejection chief attending physicians find practical reason funding patient admitted revealed suffer advanced cancer leads contacting parents ran away years ago best friend stevens quickly emotionally involved patient encourages return home learning girls village yang operate runner admitted news able compete races extensive surgical procedure announces plans returning new_york_city abruptly decides stay seattle following grey accidentally revealing retirement plans shepherd displeased decision results argument grey threatens putting damage relationship returns wife seeking forgiveness left devastated realization spending night man bailey ultimately finds support stevens proves enthusiastic spend entire million inheritance opening free clinic conclusion episode yang unexpectedly proposes finally admits affected death father proposes production episode written producer filmmaker directed explained main concept episode describe different way depicted stevens manner painful partner stated emotional state mourning significant episode wanted feel remorse finally got george way wanted gotten body underlying relationship isn anymore disclosed story lines originally intended include yang cold relationship kept alive having silent sex ultimately occur looked boring dramatic comedic descriptive character feelings story line involving attending physicians fighting title chief surgery described comic relief emphasize characters personalities previously developed addition described retirement attempt reconcile estranged wife leads emotional devastation realization moved different man concept grey shepherd fight described having compared story lines developed episode minor fight revealing meredith probably longest relationship feels genuine connection know come doesn scene episode deemed milestone sorts meredith goal determine admit new romantic development personal life actually years known woman excessive drinking sexual relationships inappropriate men noted aftermath kiss previous episode painful scene alex effectively shut cold direct manner like waste chemistry went closet thing wanted pour water fire stated noting scene written frustrating shocking unexpected audience reception episode originally broadcast january averaged million viewers ranking weekly viewership rating according nielsen ratings episode sixteenth watched episode season airing week winter hiatus showing significant decrease ratings episode attracted approximately half million viewers days received rating great expectations lead time slot approximately fourth viewers cbs csi ranked fourth weekly viewership rating ign mixed perspectives episode story arcs comparing advanced development personal story lines introduction disappointing medical cases described story line involving yang silent relationship finally showing resolution taking pleasure level adding shocking break shocking word response marry sure didn yes minutes said long haul like dragging sake dragging bailey evolution episode mainly interactions competing attending physicians described reminder called nazi easy forget recent events deemed revelation moving interesting twist unexpected repercussions stevens offering bailey money open free clinic negatively reviewed looked predictable event episode noted medical cases confusing assessing nice learn severe caused runner legs swell addition explained angle unexpected significantly helpful entertainment level lack realism medical case highlighted bothered mention nice caught earlier allowed deteriorate fight grey shepherd deemed entirely responsible proof damaged meredith expressed disappointment storyline involving proposing certainly didn look thrilled believes george proposing means grief probably right likely run opposite direction considering attending chances chief surgery noted possibility chosen hilarious unbelievable assessing montgomery great traits suffer relationship described certainly bringing question ability stay straight narrow characterized guilty pleasures admit cinema blend expressed mixed point views episode having different opinions storyline noted scene sees desperately trying escape george room rolls hay grief stricken intern helped episode reach high level entertainment look looks face legs bent wrong way needing heal sex matched look gave george opened door clearly ready highly praised scene concludes stevens storyline episode seeing heart heart agrees shepherd characterization negatively responded enraged attitude described evolution fresh relationship grey west positively received storyline involving race title chief noting kind funny like kids episode response bailey storyline deemed surprising west stated tells bailey eventually chief ready reaction described shock residents running trying information busy working free clinic project hadn heard retiring story girls deemed little story actually touching written praised realistic portrayals effects storyline stevens don think realized interacted speak episode personalities clash right away open runner legs operating assessed west response yang arc described obvious parallel rest episode west compared reaction yang following proposals noting surprised maybe little bit touched expressed fear concern worried proposing getting loss dad needs george mess right needs stuff straightened makes lifelong commitments | Great Expectations (Grey's Anatomy) | Media and drama | Television | Grey's Anatomy episodes |
23914_TaintedObligation | obligation fourth episode sixth season american television medical drama grey anatomy episode overall written directed episode originally broadcast abc united_states october episode father admitted hospital seeking liver storylines include getting nervous losing job attempting perform surgery terminal patient episode set seattle washington filming primarily took place los_angeles california reprised role guest star appearances episode title refers song obligation american alternative rock group obligation opened generally positive critical reviews performances praised particular initial airing episode viewed million americans garnered nielsen rating share demographic ranking night terms viewership plot leaves trailer work approaches bear outside wants house insists forward life brings father blood emergency room treats admits elderly patient skin later reveals wants receives revealed needs liver stevens assigned patient wants ask chief surgery job attending surgeon nervous reject goes lunch girlfriend fearful cut hospital staff tries surgical board stevens hunt operate revealed terminal wants donate liver viable candidate asks meredith subsequently agrees wife dismayed outcome surgery stevens proposes plan hunt save hunt agrees surgery suffers complications patient pronounced dead hunt stevens meredith undergoes surgery success yang confronts tells surgeon hired cut program conclusion episode stevens sees bear ultimately agrees need relocate forest production episode written directed edited episode served production designer episode title refers song obligation american alternative rock group featured music includes trading things come good pregnant episode filming crew work episode advocated meredith donate liver unable commented easy understand episode cause imagine grew mother night movie night issues help dad needs liver recovering alcoholic gon thinking chief upcoming merger fact recovering major surgery bench game month doesn family isn obligation like lot people gift scene meredith offers liver originally intended relationship later changed following request offered insight thought wrote reconciliation story father thought wrote episode going bad blood good way tells door open pretty huge incredibly hard work courage knew thing let alleviate guilt allow save life happened story shooting process changed subtly substantially started came day shooting wanting change speech gives wanted add simple line want ellen story wasn reconciliation story story story women awkward dance seasons finally sisters ellen insisted main reason completely vulnerable man hurt ways count point called getting new emotional scene write adding loved story hate idea old life hate people treat aging parents like old furniture want rid find place stick corner forget commented character storyline writing poor girl living cancer lost best friend got married dragged husband away live woods takes lot person need seriously recover couch hour grocery store imagine emotional physical fatigue feeling right think end episode owen tells experience patient strength doctor wondering mistake wondering owen right came work soon emotionally ready cutting people think doctor wants believe terminal patients odds tell story reception broadcasting obligation originally broadcast october united_states episode viewed total million americans previous episode feel like somebody garnered million viewers terms viewership obligation ranked night cbs csi episode win viewership nielsen rating ranked eastern time slot entire night rating share key demographic beating csi office rating won night decrease previous episode garnered rating share demographic critical reception episode generally received television critics buddytv commented perry character man hour addition praising performance writing got love called yang having surgery hilarious praised chemistry characters called title episode appropriate praised performance adding felt meredith heartfelt begging pleading happy mere finally grows casts aside seasons ago meredith dreamed putting proud giving liver offer know dad bigger milestone enjoyed performance commenting enjoyed vulnerable writing overall episode felt lackluster cinema blend found yang guide called scene bear funniest moments week praised story arc adding like honest arizona way puts place positive performance writing gave powerful performance episode speech meredith little forget emotion bond growing meredith nice meredith finally saying loud feels wakes glad sisters happy huffington_post gave positive review episode commenting love grey anatomy bounce moments old people wanting bears attacking alex drama ignored father arriving hospital blood praised writing character storyline performance | Tainted Obligation | Media and drama | Television | Grey's Anatomy episodes |
25816_Flight(Grey'sAnatomy) | flight grey anatomy flight fourth final episode eighth season american television medical drama grey anatomy episode overall written series creator directed episode originally broadcast abc united_states episode doctors seattle grace mercy west hospital victims aviation accident fight stay alive ultimately dies storylines occur seattle plans annual dinner departing residents fires gets engaged episode marked final appearance series exterior filming accident took place california reprised role guest star appearance episode opened mixed reviews television critics criticizing death praising performance addition flight earned nomination nominated categories entertainment_weekly finale awards initial airing episode viewed million americans garnered nielsen rating share demographic ranking fourth night terms viewership registering thursday highest rated drama plot plane crashes woods desperately fight stay alive meredith relatively unscathed rest injuries pilot jerry major spine injury yang arm broken sticking skin internal injuries initially adrenaline keeps feet shepherd plane awakens wood hand having pushed door plane bad shape crushed piece plane meredith searches shepherd yang try debris eventually realize save holds hand dies telling loves tells life meant dies smile face meredith yang approaching death meredith desperately trying find husband eventually shepherd reunite fix hand best seattle grace mercy west hospital aware happened doctors prepares annual dinner departing residents makes choice job offer share moment decide married warren going start surgical los_angeles realizing offered chief position refusing leave seattle loyalty chief surgery fires free hospital husband died episode ends hunt picks messages discover surgical team residents finally excited celebrate dinner left waiting stranded friends remaining crash survivors left struggling stay awake match goes closing monologue meredith repeats opening speech gave pilot episode series production episode written directed featured music included graveyard filming took place california location previously seventh season yang shepherd fishing trip commenting filming conditions said rain sunny hot died camera sounds funny saying think emotional happened moment sprung everybody crew cast opted stay underneath wreckage days trying regard episode commented originally aired difficult write largely death main character compared writing season finale explaining painful write episode aired repeated hard write finale adding enjoy sick sad explained departure character died plane crash saying came agreement decision kill extensive discussion speaking departure character left seattle grace elaborated offered contract renewal declined reception episode received mixed reviews television critics previous episode terms viewership ratings flight originally broadcast united_states abc episode watched total million americans million increase previous episode migration garnered million viewers terms viewership flight ranked fourth night season fox american idol cbs terms grey anatomy season episode second viewed finale seventh season garnered million viewers episode rank viewership nielsen rating ranked eastern time slot second night registering thursday drama rating share key demographic rating lost beat cbs person interest addition rating rankings night increase previous episode rating share demographic episode showed increase ratings comparison previous year finale attained rating share demographic wrote wow wow grey anatomy managed shock season finale appreciated realism authenticity grey known found episode extremely difficult watch initially wounds later heavy emotional things thought gave best performances character learned sister dead digital_spy found performances phenomenal added probably seen better performance described moment actors shared truly poignant death felt like finale early happening seattle grace thought bit pointless departure deemed significant moment hospital entertainment_weekly commented death intense death mean awful watch longest running characters pass away quickly needs shaken don love die important guess obvious probably don kill like right complained screams beginning episode enjoyed bailey story entertainment_weekly poll judged television season year death voted injured leg shepherd hand voted disturbing image ending episode considered season death nominated best presumed death category plane crash aftermath nominated best non romantic cliffhanger episode entirety nominated special award biggest regret didn heard read entertainment weekly later named scene meredith crying best crying scenes review death runner biggest episode nominated outstanding writing dramatic series category | Flight (Grey's Anatomy) | Media and drama | Television | Grey's Anatomy episodes |
1228_Polygon(website) | website american video game website publishes news culture reviews videos launched property october site built course months person founding staff included editors chief gaming sites produced documentary series founding site site sought distinguish competitors focusing stories people games instead games produced long form magazine style feature articles invested video content chose allow review scores updated game changed site built responsive standards pink color scheme advertisements focused direct sponsorship specific kinds content history gaming blog launched october property site grew technology blog verge launched year earlier sports blog network nation formed ceo approached editor chief early starting video game website considered video games logical vertical market sites attracted year old demographic saw games expanding market consideration mobile social network game categories forbes described offer commitment online journalism age content farms disappearing print publications grant trust offer declined seeing effort verge chorus content management system quality content grant changed mind returned pitch grant wanted new site compete gaming websites gamespot ign able run magazine style journalism historic interest site attempt games journalism documentary series site creation press reset tracked site creation start launch forbes described original person staff star including editors chief competing video game grant left january brought editors chief staff included managing editor staff ign mtv joined site closed november team works remotely places including philadelphia new_york west_virginia san_francisco sydney london austin headquartered washington site developed course months staff chose site set standards reporting review score scale staff published verge games beginning february ending october launch site announced panel april refers basic visual building block video games march editors launched new venture covers league legends content publishes video game news entertainment reviews video sought set content apart games journalism outlets focusing people making playing games games site outset planned run multiple feature articles weekly intended comparable intent cover stories magazines decided allow game review scores updated games updated adequately reflect games changed downloadable content updates original release site received criticism comparatively low review score given later increased game remastered edition consideration games differ quality release later began mark pre release reviews provisional final scoring public release raising money second round funding late announced investing site video product feels like programming magazine publishing site announced june features editor leaving video director video designer site planned run fewer feature articles future named itunes best design site uses pink color palette magazine style layout verge site programmed use standards responsive design screen dimensions cell phones partially remove need separate mobile version journalism reading business site uses direct content sponsorship model online advertising verge example video series sponsorship pairs brands specific editorial content forbes wrote avoidance content farm news aggregator tactics interest shown building communities desirable magazine quality site pitched journalism indicator high quality content site founding sponsors included sony june ranks fourth games sites web traffic data ign gamespot month grant reported previous month highly popular | Polygon (website) | Video games | Video games | Video game miscellanea |
4354_TheFineYoungCapitalists | fine young commonly abbreviated self described radical feminist group founded set organize production initiatives labor media industry project facilitate development video game throwing women game design contest nominees offer proposals winner game developed released steam winning entry designed written released august group pursued projects including character design contest named stem scholarship funding raised pornographic web group associated controversy independent game developer criticised group initial design contest users began providing significant financial backing project collaborated create promotional videos female game developers group fundraising efforts account campaign briefly shut users donated campaign created character designed look like ordinary female gamer history fine young radical feminist group founded based toronto interview said mission group create media labor demographics funding non profit organizations noted inspiration group prevalence game ideas lack interest business communities financial cost hiring experienced developers develop idea video game group skeptical education projects opining projects result finished video games group noted lack interest game development programming women comes saying women way capable men computing fields group accepts donations people background projects group project initiative increase involvement women video games industry identified woman prior start contest eligible submit proposal video game nominees selected nominee received crowd funding game produced distributed winner receive percent profits percent going future contests percent going production company remainder donated charity winner contest designed written worked female team colombia based developer create game game approved system steam video game service late april allowing included steam originally scheduled released august later delayed bug concerns game finally released august project pursued concerns representation minority groups science fiction contest identify racially black august propose black character design winning entries reproduced graphic novel published creative international license collaboration charity set pornographic actress administered scholarship people looking work stem fields campaign set porn stream dubbed view sex help fund scholarship chose collaborate planned charity porn stream failed pan campaign managed raise additional adult web hosted half tips half matching donations applications scholarship ended march winner scholarship announced april involvement controversy independent game developer learned women game design contest spoke twitter saying disliked stance people thought women involved working paid game design contest accused women resulted receiving harassment having personal information posted publicly consent statement response winner receive portion profits charity rights remain women submitted proposals clarified policy required identified female prior contest means prevent men lying gender identity order participate social media attention remained negative found losing financial support struggling gain media coverage criticism major video gaming websites avoiding business partner planning contribute dollars left project want rest work referred delay review policies decided change wording opened project submissions march controversy began august details earlier dispute quinn women game design contest subject discussion users site critical quinn began providing significant financial backing women video games production project group fundraising efforts account campaign briefly shut media suggested incident retaliation critics alleged incidents targeting quinn supporters users told wanted group promotional videos talk female game developers released video influential role early gaming industry later released videos users donated campaign allowed create character appear winning game character created named meant sound similar video games designed appear like ordinary female gamer donations stop creation total funds group forbes described girl sorts maybe expect met criticism mainly character association vice called character feminist icon express purpose turn described entirely ordinary non female role model second opening cinematic featured image james character later lowered monetary requirement donors create character announced eligible create character character inspired named users disputed character actually wanted group decision work prompted criticism alleged involvement users harassment quinn feminist video game critic responded criticism stating social justice movements let people project participated definition users saw support feminist cause quinn supporters benefit public image said good cause right thing wrong reason right thing responded criticism association alleged harassment quinn offering sell profits going charity quinn supporting later group reported resolved disagreement quinn founder later told interviewer agreement went | The Fine Young Capitalists | Video games | Video games | Video game miscellanea |
8366_PeterMolydeux | twitter account presented parody game designer created game artist posts game design ideas style account presents character creative ideas continually received audience time account evolved based persona list potential game concepts common theme potential emotional game experiences came appreciate parody met person account went viral led legacy reputation reclaimed positive trait light growing opposition conservative game design parody account population contributed decision leave pursue game ideas inspired game jam game developers worldwide created games based course weekend game jam brought fame burgeoning indie game movement notable games based parody account ideas include history june created twitter account parody game designer game design ideas known account people game industry interested adventurous game concepts inspired games youth particularly open choice structure simulation game game artist worked titles including thought ambition appreciated game designer industry known safe ideas viewed character creative ideas continually received indifferent audience expect parody account long drawn persona parody content came naturally games game game news websites liked able away ideas good bad actual game designers protect ideas implement account early mocked game introduced electronic entertainment expo days began original persona content modeled previous speeches exhausting material tweeted clever game design concepts signature style found format currency account followers underlying theme proposals potential emotional game experiences ask followers imagine games cross real life later added series proposes bold updates classic games video content characters appear parody including mock family members foil parody character game designer young supportive type games hate views persona satirical caricature industry politics especially mistake reached followers set goal overtaking follower count parody account contact namesake microsoft press department introduced parody account game designer annoyed caricature demeanor came regard parody clever creative admirable account reminded energy earlier career helped convince leave microsoft pursue game design idea free restrictions press activity contacted parody account leaving microsoft met later person new studio account grew popularity thousands dissatisfied game developers sought greater variety mainstream games twitter account growth spurred coverage video game media followers end flash game based ideas created october said goodbye love ironically dated gameplay despite intention inspire incredibly innovative game twitter briefly closed account near end parody account soon reversed actions march multiple followers account began plan game jam event game developers create game based course weekend supported effort limited participation creation promotional video event known later soon grew san_francisco based affair international event satellite locations netherlands new_york_city melbourne total locations event held weekend march attendees games found games interesting professional cameos included san_francisco london gave fiery speech encouraged developers come crazy things games tended consist normal game mechanics underneath bizarre concept wired said inability deliver promise jam touch later year created trailer upcoming games found parody truly amazing parody account proposed game design school emphasize enlightenment attributes attributed existing game design schools content parody account proposals include racing game player controls road instead vehicle game player cry open gate person online multiplayer game player controls leg octopus final segment war game player silence recruit adventure game player awakens museum room dedicated year character life player holds radioactive baby acts torch dark environment rocking baby increases player pretends blind walk objects avoid suspicion bear people order live people carries sentimental objects businessmen persuade kill divorced father family house help player kills game player sees recurring images crying children unrelated sports video game version streets fight streets reception years account went viral remained anonymous games journalists began cover journalists content journalists view parody instead representative growing dissatisfaction trends mainstream games industry way account led greater respect wrote account displayed creativity countered saying game designers endless game ideas real skill rests applying twitter account legacy established grand precipitated address patron saint indie game movement affected life course decided leave creative director position wired suggested game leaving company curiosity based parody account wrote statements indistinguishable twitter account inspired game jam pivotal legacy wired wrote speech parody account month earlier promoting game second game jam based quotes took place july wrote track record making avant garde strange concepts come life title continued development expected release core premise reverse player moves hole ground expands items eurogamer wrote twitter account continued tradition previous quest imitated tree growing mechanic predecessor account market | Peter Molydeux | Video games | Video games | Video game miscellanea |
9885_PotatoSack | potato sack alternate reality game created developers thirteen independent video games promote release valve title portal april valve president envisioned game cross game design event december allowed developers free design game intellectual property game requiring players find solve number puzzles hidden updates thirteen games ultimately led opportunity players release portal hours earlier planned release playing games computer antagonist portal theme potatoes based plot elements portal specifically game personality module run potato battery large numbers people participated solving puzzles reaction players journalists mixed saw strong support commitment valve independent game development thought ultimate conclusion limited benefit justify buying games begin history potato sack bundle began announcement release potato sack bundle steam april offered included games normal price games included potato sack listed developer release year update release date bundle players found games recently received updates provided immediate change replacing adding assets referred potatoes players started looking deeper new assets discovered series referred games associated specific letters nonsense sentences lead specific hints direct online services twitter youtube clues case sections new levels included code referred latitude coordinates tribes headquarters player jake traveled tribes discovered posted outside headquarters tribes developers learning presence began filming street later use footage climbing pole find clues clue second phase second update april games received second major update players found completing certain tasks game presented screens fictional science corporation steam interface tasks clues led log science screens provided players compressed archives pictures consisted portal artwork including photographs seattle valve based embedded alpha channels archive included portion larger archive protected unveiled letters update larger archive gave photographs seattle area locations points mapped connected puzzle instructions map showed word prelude furthermore players reached logged screens received potato icon accessed screen steam profile update april update game released updates portal themed levels based science ball killing floor players found completing specific tasks new content presented science screen time screens provided cryptic audio clue clues found clues relating previously identified locations seattle mapping points locations commonly shared clue players led steam group contained single member dinosaur reference earlier portal announcement user profile gave code pointed website countdown time set morning april players discovered audio clues awarded potato steam profile total possible potatoes found games referenced steam group 36th earned obtaining potatoes concurrent changes portal available pre loading steam client point journalists players suspected portal unlocked early end countdown separate puzzle embedded messages sent number gaming sites message suggested early release material thirteen chambers seemingly referring independent games message referencing planned portal release date countdown april drew near heavily involved players appeared chat rooms leaving message hole sky fly line early advertisements portal contacted players individuals remained cryptic actions appearing infected later revealed players contacted valve days prior invited valve headquarters play portal home end countdown countdown website new page fictional science website calling home distributed computing efforts like folding home site stated players generated cycles playing thirteen games earlier effectively suggesting earlier release portal originally scheduled time april number potatoes found serve help boost effort game saw update phase special chamber portal themed map opened players complete game achievement players organized schedule games played maximize rate progression eventually ended portal steam hours scheduled time approximately players successfully earned potatoes time portal launch given valve complete pack including portal gift players players found thirteen potatoes played games minimum time received portal themed items reunion june bundle briefly returned steam development valve previously performed week prior announcement portal start march initiated new patch portal led sequence puzzles ultimately solved hours patch release idea came valve president december following success saw way promote highly anticipated portal release independent games cross game design event games believed valve targeted developers proven track records working developers necessarily sales popularity specific games valve invited independent developers headquarters december explain rationale visit valve explain promotion ultimate goal early release portal conclusion according ceo according lazy studios valve assured developers open relationship stating constraints project built trust mutual respect commented studios got involved knowing likely promises help valve gave developers free game structure access portal intellectual property include games assets included voice work voice actress recorded additional lines developers games players furthermore developers given opportunity play existed portal build ideas valve indie developers worked days design creating phases timing phases allow puzzles solved general fiction game developers decided design fiction return apparently destroyed end portal leaving clues revival games potato theme based portal fiction portion game personality placed potato battery help promote valve developers arranged sale easier hard core fans participate aspect december meeting second gathering march prior launch direct verbal communication valve developers instead independent developers spent time shared provided valve plan coordinate game develop new content games cases work addition existing projects presently undertaking older programming code undertaking new additions valve helped coordinate large effort second visit valve march plans launch update tied april day addition potatoes sentences line normally sees day players monitored developers internet relay chat forums web sites coordinate solving effort allowed example tribes prepare jake visit integration chat log puzzles example chat room user following red herring visited physical location near california studio able arrange meet user signed copy super meat boy monitoring players enabled developers provide hints clues puzzles players struggling allow progress timely manner puzzles included cross game clues finding science screens game felt increased cross game complexity puzzles time plan developers aided agility valve participation second phase developers asked involved fed image message media outlets valve placed hidden messages promotional videos portal helped point players specific directions including calling players points players unexpected means solve puzzle developers player community worked issues cases players attempted download beta versions patches games valve able respond usually minutes block access valve quickly responded web site steam credentials award players potatoes having complete target achievements potatoes earned way valve later revoked let players earn legitimate means players examined files code games try find strings normally seen playing game case action served reveal solution puzzle truly solved players discouraged behavior apologized valve actions possible developers laid red tried hack including use commented changes developers completion aspect considered weak fiction believed integrated game start release potato sack april bad decision according press exposure thought conjunction april fool events occurring day media outlets hesitant report potential fear having later phase certain players taken felt extracted players game early influential coordinating chat rooms leaving remaining players confused instead suggested found way allow players continue participating near end considered push appearance home biggest failing originally scheduled april pushed april allow players including international ones participate effort release portal early gain media attention instead developers found existing players frustrated new puzzles new players brought site media skeptical saw event cheap media ploy players buy potato sack hope early portal release reception overall alternate reality game received mixed response gamers praising outstanding marketing portal indie gamers considering way force players buy games want gain access portal earlier gamepro considered risky marketing relied valve long standing reputation community build trust hugely positive sign support indie games company forbes considered tactic huge benefit indie developers games led steam sales charts weeks leading portal release noted entirely possible ignore alternate reality game negative effects losing potential benefits critical commenting players north_america having release hours earlier occurring overnight business usual able play day players purchased spent time games simply wasted money didn want gain criticized providing idea expectation reward successfully completed comparing hour gain movie christmas story main character saving money waiting weeks secret ring message radio program finds coded message advertising alexander suggested instead players idea type reward offered exceed player expectations completed retailers countries disc based version game days steam release opted break street date avoid losing sales digital downloads direct sales steam unknown helped boost sales independent games promotion second highest selling compilation steam week prior portal release following portal ahead bundle programmer noted promotion people playing game time compared players event saw opportunity create new game based themed addition games pleased sales increased helped continue live comfortably games claimed boost sales amnesia days sale completely covered development costs added content developed believed similar run future presence major title like portal long significant players journalists noted user reviews portal metacritic evoked negative opinion game believed tied minimal impact portal release time users cited complaints game short saying hours long existence paid downloadable content launch versions supposed evidence game ports console version journalists defended valve claims game length depends player puts game downloadable content additions mode quality graphics windows mac version suggest simple console port | Potato Sack | Video games | Video games | Video game miscellanea |
12237_BloodbathofB-R5RB | battle massive scale virtual battle fought space game possibly largest player versus player battle history pitting russian alliances legion hour long conflict involved player characters overall maximum players system time game cost losses totalled estimated theoretical real world value usd theoretical value derived time cards real currency converted item game larger conflict known halloween war fight started single player controlling space station star system accidentally failed scheduled game routine maintenance payment system key staging area war highly vulnerable capture russian began pouring players system swift offensive moved large fleet players response massive battle erupted system numerous smaller engagements occurred game universe players attempted block reinforcements joining battle gained clear win inflicting heavy losses successfully capturing losses totalled capital class ships including largest ships available players thousands smaller vessels commemorate sheer size cost battle game creators erected permanent monument system named consisting non capital ship background space game players engage variety activities including mining piracy manufacturing trading exploration combat dozen players form corporations called clans alliances video games corporations turn formally join alliance corporations alliances create informal work common goals fight competing alliances halloween war conflict game universe started halloween late october pitted russian coalition allies allies located region served staging ground legion fleets days fighting russian coalition suffered decisive loss forces catch region ball formation ships center huge sphere mainly carriers battle outbreak conflict january game year anniversary immense battle player corporation member turn legion coalition mistakenly failed scheduled payment game security force concord resulted star system losing sovereign status meant players capture system needing wait normal reinforcement real time waiting periods days designed allow defenders rally enemy scout discovered quietly attempting regain control territorial control units utc hour remaining clock regain control russian coalition sent capital fleet station took station russians destroyed territorial control unit set order establish control capturing system enable trap assets including hundreds capital sub capital ships inside prevent joining war alliance russian heavy coalition forces gain control system thousands players logging preparing fleets legion claimed missed payment resulted bug holding corporation checked battle legion moved retake system russians destroyed anchored system deployed super carrier carrier fleet ball formation system space station formation previously defeated russian alliance conflict surprise occurred monday decided advantage gain field superiority respond deployed entire capital fleet system deployed sub capital fleets staging systems including delay reinforcements attempted rush available pilots system game time software engaged time game feature created developer handle heavy loads game game players time game percent normal speed second game time displaying seconds real time sides traded kills hour weapons fire system filled warp disruption bubbles making extraction difficult gained real advantage managed line held slight lead number enemy destroyed engagement related battles played entire game universe fleets tried block reinforcements destroy fleeing capitals super capitals trap pilots attempting enter tide battle started turn initial fleet commander handed control ceo managed concentrate fire destroy forced additional russian leave system depleted shields armor success began focus attacks belonging commander remaining russian forces field high damage resistance drew entire fleet assist repairing enabling hold longer point time fell managed destroy putting alliance ahead member legion coalition reported associated_press looks like winning hoping players online turn tide players logged reinforcements available numbers expected blockaded adjacent systems prevent joining battle eventually longer destroy ordered retreat switched fire dreadnoughts attempt ships possible retreat spy network knew ordered retreat deployed heavy prevent withdrawal lost capitals extraction trapped warp disruption bubbles battle area aftermath unique characters participated overall battle participated directly system maximum system time numbers included unique player corporations involved unique player alliances called battle potentially largest recorded battle game date hour long conflict resulted loss dreadnoughts carriers thousands smaller ships fighters lost russian coalition lost estimated assets lost battle media outlets reported battle biggest expensive eve online history estimating battle cost real world money estimate comes figure listed official report report based theoretical conversion pilot license extensions real world usd direct conversion real currency vice versa strictly prohibited units game additional units purchased usd theoretical real world value estimated dollar amounts lost battle drawn mean real world money expended ships purchased game currency corporation assets economist hired oversee eve online economy stated economist doesn matter cases economical value created people work real life virtual life blood sweat tears making stuff advantage battle battle like battle meet worlds real life resources available goes game character ceo largest corporation federation alliance largest alliance reported near end battle vengeance battle goes somewhat ironic forces lost seven year lost battle year killed hostile seven hours killing near end battle wrote eve online devoted website kills decide war noted economic repercussions stating price upwards anticipating industrial production come following battle withdrew southeast theater formed agreement allowed evacuate assets system forces retreated south following days alliances managed capture total systems regions catch legion alliances withdrew southeast theater weeks russian suffered internal troubles allowing regain territory lost conquer russian territory longer term established later branded predominant eve online little resistance challenging coalition years commemoration game went developer announced create game monument star system commemorate battle created brand new wreck models introduced eve online release came immediately following battle posted eve online website planned install january hard work placing beautiful arrangement placed seventh planet system installation grid space station stated player plays eve online dangerous pilgrimage marvel scope destruction expect travel write ups immediately eve online moving tributes | Bloodbath of B-R5RB | Video games | Video games | Video game miscellanea |
13205_EarthBoundfandom | video game known cult following fan community multiple video game journalists written dedication game fans producing fan art lobbying nintendo releases series company largely efforts prominent include started definitive community website members organized petitions campaigns bring english localized games mother series north_america effort included color page demonstration consumer demand releases nearly decade bestseller spun enterprises nintendo release localized version mother fans organized fan translation video game merchandising business grew community sells video game related items online length documentary fan community usa production series creator stated finished series fan created sequel mother development fan base known having cult following developed time release wrote gaming communities passionate active wrote game cult following wired described fan art videos tributes fan sites like mountainous ign wrote persistent ambitious dedicated collective hardcore fans groups influence nintendo decision making purchasing power virtual console verge cited year fan translation mother proof fanbase dedication nintendo president credited community response online social platform leading eventual virtual console platform hard find prices game cartridge twice retail cost release ign wrote game cult classic unique rpg psychedelic elements alongside reflection american culture eurogamer credited cute funny modern world japanese rpg fan favorite aspects game include feeling innocence sense adventure humor charm wonder beautiful maps game english cited colors bits fan favorites popularity labor love nature double coat care aspects game development team appeared love work digital trends wrote video game fans suffered fans cited nintendo reluctance release mother series games north_america ign described series neglected nintendo north_america similar reasons felt nintendo historic passive aggression fans response game fan community added company known providing personal experiences gaming history nintendo lacks manner required contemporary game companies think fan base localized japanese mother followed fan community introduced penny arcade expo booth game release announced press interested experience planned book game development release project reply nintendo discouraged pursuing idea plans continue communicate directly community game history instance struck popular infamous abortion theory game final sequence metaphor abortion started middle school internet founder site grew named game iconic villain described site definitive fan community web called fan community stop resource decade obscure time site quickly grew popularity featured constant updates burgeoning community said viewership growth accounting game credited let thousands people experience game young credited site growth fan content generated community described site collection fan media absolutely massive provided place aggregate information mother series coordinate fan actions fan community intent acknowledge mother series described intent reasonable given company frequent dismissal series alongside community monumental efforts increase awareness young felt status kept said views community big group friends having fun thinks brought opposed franchise like site started community started petition nintendo release mother game boy color collected physical signatures end bound book nintendo final word nintendo package received petitions include person petition north american mother release nintendo person petition north american mother game boy advance release letter phone campaigns source internal nintendo later told campaign successful fell consideration phone campaign ended week community resolved let time fan community requests shifted specific demands demand wanting interest recognized nintendo community launched campaigns bring attention series siege project mother receive official north american localization community members sent letters phone calls nintendo ultimately created color page art book send nintendo press outlets demonstration interest hoped volume established industry professionals cause advance electronic entertainment expo wrote folk history proposal collection fan art greatest gaming love letter created wired anthology occasion explain nintendo upper management heard fan community anthology additionally received mention nintendo_power little response nintendo decided game founder led project complete fan translation finished october printed professional quality strategy guide site spun oblique strategies included attempt license mother north_america nintendo small video game development studio nintendo replied property theirs developed externally site hosted youtube contest videos raised visibility series final effort game wii virtual console young found community spirit week later game appeared website signaled success years work finally announcement game seller platform users time players overwhelmingly positive response game mother fan translation decade development hell japanese video game mother released april fan interest english localization went unanswered nintendo announced fan translation november project led clyde professional game translator previous work includes games kingdom hearts anime dozen fans worked project prior localization experience thousands hours project game data translating pages scripted dialogue built tools work final version released october issued patch process legality patch downloaded times week fan color page professional quality player guide released alongside fan translation wrote game history time garnered demand translation verge cited effort proof fan base dedication video game merchandising business spun online store sells items including hats shirts branded video game related designs games metal gear solid described fare typical mall bought video game site began young experience targeted fan communities october attempting site officially licensed later month released mother handbook color page player guide akin professional strategy guide wired reported quality par usa april brothers jeff announced production documentary fans fought mother series north_america 1990s usa conducting interviews fans members year prior announcement previously begun feature length film events inspired documentary seeks explain site members convened online message board consequent emergence cult classic birth filmmakers planning wait longer making announcement interest following series creator mentioned interview film planned release campaign later mother mother declared series response nintendo indifference mother sequel fans began develop entry mother october august mother development team received cease letter nintendo preview game said mother looked stunning possibly want new mother game music environment design fan game planned release delayed twice future release date set mother playable standalone game need game takes place parody contemporary america boy named travis leaves town join fight mysterious modern men game expected associate stories previous series games similar length music visuals similar style rest series mother features new soundtrack creators currently working voluntary basis compensation | EarthBound fandom | Video games | Video games | Video game miscellanea |
22705_Halo.Bungie.Org | halo halo referred hbo created known online pseudonym associates news site video game halo site started based project development called halo site covers halo properties including associated industries posts game news rumors fan art videos halo grew widely read halo receiving page views day ceased involvement site continues update sections site occasional assistance aside contests halo coordinates charitable endeavors history friends created developer video games marathon involved related sites began information halo leaked soon real previous sites wanted remain anonymous time little known new project set massive ring shaped habitat site founders took novel assumed novel protagonist universe halo turned common stuck late change halo trailer unveiled july site renamed founders searched web information provided place fans discuss contribute time member staff dropped followed shortly acquisition microsoft leaving sole main force site says reason known godfather halo long term presence community halo unusual large non commercial sites having paid advertisements kind portion pages overview halo widely read halo received page views day site covers game news rumors strategy fan stories art contests forums site early years received small fan submitted material constant site maintenance challenge attributes site longevity fact provided fans halo news place share love franchise time easy video sharing youtube posted categorized halo films fans submitted day reads halo forums looking interesting items news page monitoring comments checks halo gaming related sites news fan movies artwork updates new submitted content credits site success longevity beginning add new content day folks tend come said recognition charity strong relationship called page ultimate halo listed source project pages employees frequent forums point new update answer questions fans receives promotional items away contests administrators members repeatedly quoted mainstream publications interviewed numerous times gaming sites microsoft mainstream media organizations cbs bbc site nominated ign best award conduct causes including raising money hurricane katrina disaster relief site members took massive effort halo community raise money primarily selling items raised relief effort members community personal means member held charity xbox live night raised following news community member cancer returned community decided set donation fund support brian died later year fund brian memorial fund | Halo.Bungie.Org | Video games | Video games | Video game miscellanea |
1254_YouKnowWhatYouDid | know know episode season hills originally aired mtv august episode ends friendship boyfriend fabricated rumors sex tape involving boyfriend ensuing feud women central focus series carried subsequent season appears know produced van episode met generally favorable reviews critics felt changed dynamic entertaining television additionally notable delivery titular line know speaking recognized iconic moment series according nielsen ratings know watched million viewers original airing episode released dvd july packaged season set plot season hills begins whitney port boss promoted day returning work informs whitney false speculation sex tape involving boyfriend comments spoken moved apartment women suspicious possible involvement rumors planning party plans inviting friends planning inviting whitney visiting delivers accepts later tells worker believes speaking badly responsible spreading sex tape rumors whitney decline party instead plan impromptu outing club party makes brief appearance apartment disappointed realizing attending unaware run attend birthday party friend following day leaves bathroom gives letter tells unsure reason tension finds bathroom read letter details interest friendship angered acknowledge sex tape rumors decides exit club recommendation confronts able leave club argument outside les delivers famous quote know started sick little rumor sad person following morning explains worker unaware said speculation wants reconcile tells whitney idea losing friend admits benefited separation production know produced van rumors sex tape involving addition stories alleging invaded house retrieve surfaced april denied reports commenting tried jason probably photo albums stuff producers life days week don need additional footage know president entertainment mtv commented series benefits media coverage receives seasons described month commercial doesn away narrative elaborated mtv wants viewers watch girls characters know instead stars hills sex tape rumors consequently presented like personal conflict women intentionally addressed highly publicized controversy ensuing feud received extensive media attention beginning doubtful possibility reconciliation noting getting don think best friends addressing speculation conflict fabricated television stated wouldn fight camera try separate interview revealed quit program season began stating wasn filming didn want people assumed release reception know met generally favorable reviews critics felt changed dynamic entertaining television writing entertainment_weekly provided favorable review opined conflict mature season offered term maturity relative course writer stated episode didn felt storyline clearly categorized port team team epic war new_york_times felt deterioration friendship convincing friends comedy female relationships young woman knows friendships die writing los_angeles_times complimentary fact conflict despite extensive media coverage received season began added better children delivery titular line know speaking recognized iconic moment series staff weekly ranked scene memorable event program highlights seasons july original broadcast united_states august know watched million viewers consequently series viewed episode time airing august episode network highest rated broadcast year surpassed paris changes served premiere second half season march attracted million viewers original airing united_states season released disc dvd set july | You Know What You Did | Media and drama | Television | The Hills |
4748_TheHills(TVseries) | hills series hills american reality television series aired seasons mtv july developed spin series aired seasons focused personal professional lives young women residing los_angeles california premise conceived served executive producers series originally focused appeared predecessor pursued career fashion industry additionally placed emphasis friends whitney port friend boyfriend developed major positions supporting cast second season sister added port left series conclusion fourth season moving new_york_city starring spin city aired seasons looking pursue career opportunities left series halfway fifth season subsequently replaced fellow cast member joined primary cast members sixth final season husband removed series displaying erratic behavior briefly returned series alternate ending finale hills received moderately favorable reviews critics recognized guilty pleasure media outlets series criticized tending narrative format commonly seen scripted genres including soap operas appearing storyline produced spin offs distributed seasons dvd june announced hills return reunion special entitled hills star special scheduled air mtv august conception reality television series premiered mtv program created documented lives students attending high school completed secondary education series proved network successful programming entire original cast left second season replaced group teenagers following season television producer developed spin program hills follow predecessor original cast members moved los_angeles pursue career fashion industry series synopsis overview casting hills chronicles lives young women living los_angeles california installment voice narrative series leads seasons seasons theme episode season concludes finale typically involving major event progressing relationship personnel departure installments revolve women everyday lives intention balancing coverage personal professional endeavors run series led season seasons primary cast members credited names original main cast members whitney port conclusion fourth season port moved new_york_city receiving employment commissioned star spin city time wished leave series pursue career opportunities filmed episodes following season close storylines departing halfway fifth season replaced fellow cast member sixth final season saw friends respectively featured supporting roles second seasons primary cast members halfway season left series cast looked antics aforementioned women storylines largely developed number supporting cast members originally credited boyfriend later husband added second season season introduced friend establishing friendship known friend later credited boyfriend assumed position fifth season season established friend title adjusted friend following season eventually reverted friend fifth season season bobby recognized boyfriend boyfriend holly credited sister added series fourth season fifth season introduced series working later conflict came fruition conflict settled hall remained series friend timeline cast members storylines series premiere hills introduced moved california los_angeles pursue career fashion industry originally planned attend left college receiving employment befriended neighbor fellow intern whitney port remainder season highlighted romantic relationships including brief relationships respectively season concluded rejection paris reunite boyfriend port offered accepted position place beginning second season ended relationship began dating increasingly spent time neglected friendship placed strain pair friendship strengthened relationship friend took romantic interest friend moved apartment season finale point new season ended friendship fabricated rumors sex tape involving ensuing feud women central focus series carried subsequent season appeared engaged resumed turbulent romantic relationship friend established friend severed ties men light building feud sister initially took later apologized earlier confrontation pair friends relationship burden relationship brother reacted beginning port eventually left positions receiving employment firm end season moved apartment purchased home new factor fourth season saw reconcile repair relationship moving separate residence moved hometown colorado sister apartment created tension sisters later fired job drunk company event mexico season finale appear reconciled suspicions rumors continued reconciliation port eventually relocated new_york_city accept position fifth season began developed bond local dismay request salvage relationship agreed attend couples therapy engaged decided officially marry initially declined invitation wedding attempt change mind called apologized spreading rumors additional final appearance series mid season finale attended reconciled caught wedding assumed series lead beginning second half season began casual relationship point severed ties women developed feud continued remainder season purchased new house clashed decision begin family wished children opposed thought filming sixth season commenced garnered significant criticism undergoing surgery procedures day premiere traveled hometown results family unexpectedly receiving disapproval husband alienated relatives having later displayed additional instances erratic unusual behavior respective sisters decided exclude lives having dated years prior taken started seeing woman struggled begin dating arrested driving influence later involved relationship involved brief relationship singer settled friends moved boyfriend scott final episode series decides europe final scene shown watching bringing airport travel street camera backdrop pulled away camera reveal entire scene filmed reality vehicle driven stepped vehicle alternate ending series broadcast august scene depicts returning apartment seeing europe revealed sitting couch hard goodbye friend camera focuses smiling reception critical response hills moderately received critics series season holds score metacritic indicating mixed average reviews based reviews complimented program variety criticized storylines old come second season garnered favorable feedback new_york_times opining registers charm falling season commented hills convincing friends comedy female relationships young woman knows friendships die decision replace departing halfway fifth season met mixed response entertainment weekly expressed interest route series writing fully prepared stir things premiere episode lead writer criticized sassy bad girl attitude lacking originality preferred keeping real contrast los_angeles_times opined intriguing storylines felt overshadowed series progressed original series finale sixth season garnered generally negative critical response emily entertainment_weekly described probably bit confusing series earlier viewers light casting adjustments later seasons writer criticized camera changed audience cast better writer people positive feeling conclusion surprise twist similarly critics ambivalent alternate finale praised return shocking glorious time felt clearly viewers prefer ending described suggestion love triangle involving feel like ending horror movie starting nonetheless appreciated ending loyal fans zap2it noted nod opined awesome happened preferred original conclusion commenting revised clip startling vulture suggested footage felt like total soap opera seemingly acknowledged portions series fabricated run hills received accolades media outlets recognized number entertainment_weekly list new classics series labeled guilty pleasure writers huffington_post scripting allegations hills criticized appearing storyline instance president entertainment mtv commented series benefits media coverage receives seasons described month commercial doesn away narrative elaborated mtv wants viewers watch girls characters know instead stars hills sex tape rumors consequently presented like personal conflict women intentionally addressed highly publicized controversy noted producer offered position series friends later appeared episode suggested program improvised pressed replied situations react comes additionally stated series acknowledged mexican entirely symbolic civil ceremony filmed office hours county court judge present additionally associated_press noted person filed marriage record time additional source suspicion arose fifth season shown moving house day prior actually left property months prior january leading speculation addressing wedding day pre planned leaving hills appeared view june asked felt apology involving sex tape rumors replied perfectly honest wasn line didn know didn apology lying wedding depicted series displeased presence commented gave big stated joined hills work drama sells think bringing know works february told access hollywood cast followed schedule events filmed given day adding filmed hills days week different scenes day change clothes film specific scene pushing far actual script schedule like lunch talk party coming situation earlier commented felt viewers need understand entertainment close friends real relationship later told relationships fabricated point saying difficult pretend romantically interested october interview stated story told wasn way producers elaborated scenes cameras present significant occurrence cast members commented relationship pretty brief definitely edited drag july discussing filming alternate finale endings mtv acknowledged maybe term reality didn perfectly apply hills television ratings season hills maintained steady viewership million viewers weekly episode season series achieved viewed episode paris changes march attracted million viewers original airing fourth season premiere experienced percent ratings decline attracting million viewers compared million viewers season finale second half fifth season episode lead premiered million viewers suffering percent drop premiere half series finale july aired million viewers peak viewership season broadcast history hills season commenced airing series continued air wednesday evenings conclusion august point aired episodes second season expanded episodes premiered january new timeslot finale aired april season began airing august remained timeslot previous season longest season series history having broadcast episodes finale fourth season premiered august monday schedule consisted episodes concluded december airing fifth season divided sections lead confirmed join series premiered april timeslot concluded episodes premiered september continued air tuesday evenings season aired total episodes split equal halves finishing december sixth season aired premiered april episodes later series ended run total episodes july july mtv aired month long morning marathon hills titled retro following year marathon renamed culminated airing alternate series finale august city beginning cast member whitney port starred spin series city program premiered december weeks fifth season finale hills appeared original series earlier seasons limited exposure personal life commenting focusing career people seriously production city port wanted feature private life emphasize head straight half debut season program highlighted transition new_york_city receiving employment port later left position returned series underwent casting adjustments second half season port olivia remained program saw addition port friend worker revamped cast remained second season premiered sixth season hills april season documented deterioration port friendship culminated moving shared apartment season concluded july evening series finale hills october port confirmed city renewed mtv spin offs aside city hills spawned additional related series proposed program received spin program earth premiered february chronicled daily operations private life canceled airing season september filmed pilot episode program focused professional endeavors mtv passed project preferred feature personal life commissioned vh1 program focused family series canceled debut season ratings distribution hills episodes aired regularly mtv united_states episodes approximately thirty minutes broadcast standard definition series episodes available download itunes store episodes previously available viewing official mtv website unavailable series conclusion series addition premiered syndication fall debut paramount_pictures released seasons hills dvd seven installments second fourth sixth seasons sets discs season includes fifth season release divided packaged discs apiece | The Hills (TV series) | Media and drama | Television | The Hills |
5059_SomethingOld,SomethingNew(TheHills) | old new hills old new tenth episode fifth season hills originally aired mtv episode prepare upcoming wedding house decides attend estranged season final episode appears marks entrance replacement old new produced mast season divided respectively separating installments featuring episode conclusion additionally second episode series history hour running time paris changes season old new met generally mixed reviews critics felt introduction overshadowed departure according nielsen ratings watched million viewers original airing episode released dvd october packaged remainder fifth season plot decide host farewell party prepare house wedding preparations continue upset learning chosen sister holly maid honor shower assumes responsibilities increasingly displeased holly poor performance makes gives blessing dinner tries convince attend wedding knowing appreciate presence later outing tells couples therapy sessions displeased taken seriously fashion public relations firm tells kelly leaving company kelly advocates smart decision help determine career endeavors holly displays erratic behavior rehearsal dinner dismayed lack explains behavior inappropriate holly leaves restaurant morning apologizes actions confirms invitation sent special guest charlie later tells invited clashed flirting wedding peace farewell party tells attending ceremony following morning day wedding getting ready guests begin entering church surprises dressing room explains happiness important unexpectedly walks church sits surprise attendees leaving appears displeased tells seated wedding finished tells needs help finding boyfriend disapproval adds stand guy makes final appearance series quietly leaving church production old new produced mast episode second series history hour running time preceded paris changes season despite presenting house departure taking place evening prior event filmed january took place april indicated wished leave hills conclusion fourth season december looking pursue career opportunities commented years long time adding ready walk away producers requests filmed episodes fifth season closed storylines added season potentially stating series personnel felt presence sort closure july issue cosmopolitan stated producers pressured reconciliation season adding displeased allow old new initially billed fifth season finale april mtv announced extension season confirmed replacement following month episodes season labeled forthcoming episodes titled reception release old new met generally mixed reviews critics ambivalent departure introduction new_york pleased exit commenting emotional watching moving youth opined appearance wedding future hills writer entertainment_weekly described reconciliation ideal end series noted addition questionable choice furthermore included magazine list shows missed cue graceful exit contrast mtv_news noted came realization replaced complimented manner integrated series people pleased bitch tell going great original broadcast united_states old new watched million viewers experienced percent ratings drop season premiere don cry birthday garnered million viewers april country season released disc dvd set october | Something Old, Something New (The Hills) | Media and drama | Television | The Hills |
7457_It'sOnBitch | bitch bitch eleventh episode fifth season hills originally aired september mtv episode begin feud involving boyfriend disagree having children episode appears series lead marks episode predecessor appear bitch produced mast season divided respectively separating installments featuring episode premiere bitch met generally mixed reviews critics ambivalent decision replace according nielsen ratings watched million viewers episode released dvd april packaged remainder fifth season plot plan welcome party returning honeymoon concerned learning invited recalling earlier confrontations girlfriend concerned feelings dismisses relationship young maintains friendly dismayed flirting party tells respectful learns conflict begins developing fight physical going like bitch walk away following day rejects invitation birthday party realizes attendance shocked tells officially couple decide confronting hearing comments worried seeing later date confesses thought feelings understands looks threat looking houses alarmed wants children excited nursery suburban neighborhood upset secured modern rental property prior knowledge tells selected home refuses concerns seriously production bitch produced mast episode filmed june series original lead indicated wished leave hills conclusion fourth season december looking pursue career opportunities commented years long time adding ready walk away producers requests filmed episodes fifth season closed storylines added season potentially stating series personnel felt presence sort closure tenth episode season old new aired initially billed fifth season finale april mtv announced extension season confirmed replacement following month episodes season labeled forthcoming episodes titled january revealed conflict fabricated producers request leave early event hours producers like leave fight got leave reception release bitch met generally mixed reviews critics ambivalent decision replace writer criticized sassy bad girl attitude lacking originality preferred keeping real disappointed ridiculous scenes involving suggested staged producers felt departure doomed added doesn hills despite watching lot television contrast los_angeles_times opined intriguing storylines felt overshadowed series progressed commented kind loves glad replacing critical episode staged nonetheless noted series continues like professional wrestling enjoyed scene irritated labeling sole genuine reaction episode writing patrick loved episode expressed interest love triangle seemingly develops furthermore writer hollywood gossip opined hills despite appearing heavily scripted original broadcast united_states september bitch watched million viewers suffered percent ratings drop season premiere don cry birthday garnered million viewers april country season released disc dvd set april | It's On Bitch | Media and drama | Television | The Hills |
11965_NewCity,NewDrama | new drama new drama pilot episode hills spin originally aired mtv episode apartment los_angeles befriends fellow intern whitney port bonds neighbor later companions arrive corporate event new drama produced episode received generally favorable reviews critics appreciated plotline production according nielsen ratings watched million viewers episode released dvd february packaged remainder season plot shared apartment los_angeles shortly arriving interview unexpectedly changed earlier time meets magazine west_coast editor befriends neighbor evening women boyfriend roommate brian eat dinner restaurant following morning meet administrators superiors question prepared college returning home calls behalf offers magazine day befriends intern whitney begin preparing launch party hollywood edition whitney learn working party wants attend event unwilling risk nonetheless jordan brian arrive unexpectedly evening whitney allow group argument jordan addition allowing group sit reserved seating area lisa tells discuss monday production seasons enjoyed continued ratings success mtv approved production spin series hills like predecessor reality television program filmed narrative format commonly seen soap operas served parent series season narrator focal point moved los_angeles pursue career fashion industry pilot episode introduced additional primary cast members previously featured limited capacity time production begun season hills series depicted befriended claimed producer offered position series friends port introduced series intern new drama produced individuals previously served producers served series executive producers conclusion july reception release new drama met generally favorable reviews critics appreciated plotline production television blend noted hills commented mtv keeps things simple noting similarities shares given network success reality programming 1990s opined series sure hit predecessor writing new_york_times enjoyed watching work experiences stating saw program fictional reality said missed enjoyed new life original broadcast united_states new drama watched million viewers remainder season maintained steady viewership million viewers weekly episode subsequently picked second season country season released disc dvd set february | New City, New Drama | Media and drama | Television | The Hills |
26681_AllGoodThings...(TheHills) | good things hills good things series finale hills originally aired mtv july episode moves house boyfriend begins romantic relationship finds house decides leave los_angeles europe series final scene reveals departure airport filmed studio responding longtime speculation program scripted good things produced addition final episode serves twelfth installment sixth season episode received mixed reviews critics ambivalent final scene according nielsen ratings watched million viewers peak viewership season episode released dvd september packaged remainder sixth season conclusion month long morning marathon hills titled mtv aired alternate ending series august scene replaced original clip footage talking apartment critics appreciated return felt revision shocking original clip plot find content lives unsure pursue future endeavors believes maintain friendship taylor concerned romantic feelings evening tells decided europe wanting new beginning concerned seeking revenge purchases home begins romantic relationship surprise guests attended farewell party evening confesses maintains decision best interest day prior moves boyfriend scott house begins belongings visits pack belongings leaving airport giving final sees drives street looks window montage archived footage series earlier seasons shown final scene series camera backdrop pulled away camera reveal entire scene filmed reality vehicle driven stepped vehicle alternate ending series broadcast august scene depicts returning apartment seeing europe revealed sitting couch hard goodbye friend camera focuses smiling production good things produced sixth season announced december confirmed final season march announcement speculation arose original focal point return finale boss suggested scene filmed pair reuniting paris series creator wished getting married presumably boyfriend stated amazing return adding appearance provide program closure ultimately appear final episode featured live hills live hollywood ending stated versions final installment filmed provided mtv episodes added unaware version selected broadcast july stated filmed alternate ending series come home basically place tell saying goodbye friend filmed scene entire time confirmed september conclusion month long morning marathon hills titled mtv aired alternate ending series august revealed clip previously mentioned stated preferred second ending learning mtv selected original finale persuaded network broadcast clip reception release good things met generally mixed reviews critics ambivalent final scene despite criticizing episode recurring theme moving vulture appreciated ending interesting twist reality blurred felt production standpoint final scene appeared realistic despite filmed contrast displeased producers controversy surrounding longtime scripting allegations felt exploited naive teenage fanbase writer daily_news described episode emotional felt program welcome time called ending surprisingly smart felt leave impact viewers skeptical series similarly critics ambivalent alternate finale praised return shocking glorious time felt clearly viewers prefer ending described suggestion love triangle involving feel like ending horror movie starting nonetheless appreciated ending loyal fans zap2it noted nod opined awesome happened preferred original conclusion commenting revised clip startling vulture suggested footage felt like total soap opera seemingly acknowledged portions series fabricated original broadcast united_states july good things watched million viewers peak viewership season country sixth season released disc dvd set september | All Good Things... (The Hills) | Media and drama | Television | The Hills |
1257_Welshcuisine | welsh cuisine welsh cuisine encompasses cooking traditions practices country wales welsh people whilst large number dishes considered welsh ingredients history dishes welsh welsh regarded symbols welsh food variation dishes wales pronounced difference isolated rural area heavily influenced somerset devon dishes created included incorporated wales imported centuries practices dishes british neighbors uniquely welsh cuisine grew largely lives welsh working folk farmers peasants welsh working people tended isolated outside influences welsh common folk instead influenced food produce based little ingredients produce afford having little contact neighboring english cuisine english society recent welsh descendants originally practiced moving cattle higher elevations summer home base winter settled family generally eaten meat pig primarily keeping cow dairy products vegetables rare wales beef dairy cattle raised widely sheep farming extensive country lamb meat traditionally associated wales important produce includes especially close coast fishing culture strong fisheries common exemplified use welsh cuisine country national vegetable frequently welsh cuisine 1970s rise high end restaurants given wales starred restaurants history written records traditional welsh foods recipes instead held families passed women family lack records highlighted unique collection 18th century welsh recipes award winning entry skills write welsh recipes upper classes english styles run houses traditional welsh cuisine upper class households english adopting english names traditional wales originates daily meals peasant folk unlike cultures meals started gentry adapted historically king welsh people travel court circuit demanding tribute form food communities visited went tribute codified laws showing people lived beer bread meat dairy products vegetables laws value different parts welsh life time example wealth measured cattle court included hunters restricted seasonal hunting sessions start 11th century welsh society started build settlements food cooked single open fire floor likely topped fresh ingredients number days dishes cooked flat stone placed fire heat evenly wales chaplain henry_ii wrote tour wales population lives entirely produce milk butter expect variety dishes welsh kitchen highly seasoned appetite medieval welsh mint kitchen general herbs likely medicinal purposes ones end 18th century welsh land owners divided land allow tenant based farming small holding include vegetable crops cow pigs chickens 18th 19th centuries time unrest welsh people welsh food riots began blamed lack food problems supply continued wales worst riots happened grain shortage coincided political form forced military service high taxes roads leaving farmers unable profit result riots mid sold corn reduced price time requested military assistance government stop rioting close nature poor communities slightly higher status farmers labourers generally blamed farmers corn merchants gentry majority food riots ended certain political actions lack leadership meant little came 1870s wales owned families farming instead employed workers forced vote lose jobs end 19th century increase coal mining steel works wales led immigration italian workers workers brought families integrated culture welsh society bringing italian ice cream italian staple welsh society 1960s isolated communities unable access produce majority britain produce limited non existent farms rarely cheese welsh wine poor quality 1990s historical welsh foods going revival farmers markets popular welsh organic vegetables farm cheese started appear modern welsh characteristics subtle offering beef skirt meat restaurants promoting quality welsh ingredients encouraging people purchase welsh produce creating new dishes meant welsh products find way higher priced london north_america regular diet welsh people influenced india china america popular dish chicken followed result popularity sorts foods wales highest fat consumption britain highest levels regional variations variations foods eaten different areas wales variations trace roots medieval cooking ingredients historically limited grown climate highland areas meant crops restricted whilst fertile lowland areas allowed growth wheat coastal inhabitants likely include meals whilst living inland supplement farmed seeds land ensure eat invasions romans effect fertile areas conquered people learned sophisticated eating habits conversely remained areas kept traditional approaches cooking tools pot crane continued late 20th century region significant difference rest wales peninsula lack land transport links left isolated instead strongly influenced somerset devon dishes ingredients rare wales commonplace produce welsh food better traced history dishes meat fish number local welsh breeds cow including breed dates cattle farming accounts majority agricultural output wales production beef contributed welsh agricultural output whilst agricultural output production dairy products welsh beef wholly slaughtered wales pigs primary meat eaten early welsh folk preserved easily number different welsh breeds pig long thin backs generally light coloured dark spotted today pigs wales farmed white welsh pig pig extensively pig welsh pig farmed welsh suited grazing animals sheep goats animals associated wales sheep farming large scale introduced monks largely wool meat start 16th century welsh popular rest modern synthetic popular wool welsh sheep raised exclusively meat end 20th century million sheep wales popular breed sheep sheep notably smaller breeds better suited welsh landscape lamb lowland breeds rear mountain sheep regarded having meat welsh farmers started scientific methods artificial scan sheep depth fat improve quality meat coastal areas wales near rivers produce different forms fish traditional fishing methods wade salmon remained place years welsh simple boats willow frame covered animal hides noted romans use 20th century landed fish generally wind smoked cured salt herring fish takes established catch busiest harbour reportedly took barrels herring single night villages herring generally late august december herring trout salmon sea trout main fishes found welsh cuisine salmon abundant staple poor trout dry quickly cooked wrapped leaves cooking covered bacon fish served grew wild abundance wales fishing small scale especially bay reserved exclusively export welsh fisherman likely eat profitable crabs harvested roman times harvested traditional manner hand picking happens peninsula difficulty getting reduced yield villages near longer gather dairy products cattle basis celtic wealth butter cheese generally cows milk earliest producers butter britain hundreds years romans left country butter primary cooking medium basis salt important ingredient welsh butter early welsh sit process welsh early cheese early incarnation welsh medieval times middle 15th century considered national dish acid soil wales meant milk produced cattle created soft cheese good welsh people trade harder best known welsh cheese named long originally method storing excess milk brought market moist cheese long production cheese halted milk world war england cheese produced quickly sold early maturation process creating cheese 1970s production returned wales following decades variety new produced wales far folk wild create coarse bread time romans invaded celtic skills bread progressed point white brown produced roman invasion led welsh people moving crops grown main eaten wales 19th century bread created medicinal purposes bulk meat meat vegetable known welsh created dish called finely ground soaked water long time boiling solidified styled dish popular outside wales got new english couldn original similar dish finely ground making product vegetables celtic law specific provision regards stating enclosed fences protection wandering cattle green vegetables ones mentioned specifically laws plants likely cooking went important welsh cuisine found symbolic dishes including country national vegetable potatoes slow adopted welsh folk despite introduced 16th century early 18th century welsh staple grain failures potato staple quickly found welsh dishes traditions grew use tradition place start world war villagers plant yard metre row potatoes neighbouring farmer field household provide time harvest welsh dishes whilst large number dishes considered welsh ingredients welsh dishes welsh welsh literally bread regarded symbols welsh food pronounced similar way english word regarded wales national dish dating 11th century originally simple meat likely bacon vegetables cooked slowly course day whilst family working fields stages number days making meat stock adding vegetables following day cooked fat pot served separate dishes soup topped fresh vegetables course weeks 18th 19th centuries meat minimal instead potatoes today likely include beef lamb meat served plain known traditionally eaten specially carved wooden eaten wooden bowl welsh cheese led dish welsh welsh rabbit seasoned melted cheese poured bread cheese need harder similar referred welsh rabbit early similar welsh term welsh folk rarely ate rabbit cost land owners allow rabbit hunting term likely welsh evolved rabbit possibly remove welsh cuisine simple word pleasant welsh cooking slowly course hours known cooked served bacon breakfast dish fried small today commercially produced washing water cooking hours packaging welsh vegetarian contains meat skin instead cheese generally spring mixture coated rolled shape cooking date early 19th century point contained pork fat welsh meaning stone small round traditionally cooked recently cooked eaten hot cold topped sugar butter mixed similar meaning consistency cooked slightly like cake cooked oven fruit originating rural wales mortar grind fresh sweet historically butter recently likely fruit included dried soaked cold tea cooking generally served butter afternoon tea known welsh tea bread translates bread known included recipe welsh settlers brought argentina wine beer especially home varieties central wales england remained case tea gained popularity england home alcohol beer national drink wales welsh gained status british stout english keeping promotion products minimum upset movement wales movement remained strong influence new set outcry led welsh sunday closing act act forced closure public houses wales sunday wales passion beer remained beer company opened producer britain brewery deal local tin works brewery europe beer cans welsh history producing similar manner celtic people irish scottish smaller scale began commercial purposes families went america help found industry niche industry late 19th century main production wales near bought scottish companies closed attempting establish brands england known formed production began single commercially produced wales century went sale company produces welsh planted romans 1970s modern planted intention creating welsh wine despite slow start wales producing bottles year primarily white reds according september operational wales hectares acres planted wales welsh water industry worth popular brands include princes gate eating number restaurants wales significantly increased 1960s country notable places eat today wales longer considered desert starred restaurants award systems included welsh restaurants lists significant increase restaurants high end growth improvement quality range welsh welsh restaurants attempt showcase include historic welsh dishes instead showcase welsh ingredients creating new dishes rise asian cuisine wales especially indian chinese thai indonesian japanese preference foods finally significant rise united_kingdom country credited | Welsh cuisine | Agriculture, food, and drink | Agriculture, food, and drink | Cuisines |
2209_Mediterraneancuisine | mediterranean cuisine mediterranean cuisine food lands mediterranean_sea preparation geographical area broadly follows distribution olive tree provides distinctive features region cooking olive oil region spans wide variety cultures distinct historical connections region impact mediterranean_sea region climate economy mean common elements include italian ottoman french spanish region food came seen unified cuisine following writer book book mediterranean food writers historian agreed david defining core elements cuisine olive wheat yielding oil bread wine respectively cooking area confused mediterranean diet popular apparent health benefits diet rich olive oil wheat grains fruits vegetables certain low meat dairy products mediterranean cuisine encompasses ways ingredients including meat dealt kitchen geography city country writer introduction book mediterranean food defines scope cooking mediterranean shores sketches geographical limits gibraltar great barcelona genoa alexandria embracing mediterranean islands sicily crete cyprus byzantine influence begins felt mainland greece disputed territories syria lebanon constantinople key plant david defines region range olive tree blessed lands sun sea olive trees olive natural distribution limited frost availability water constrained narrow zone mediterranean_sea spain distributed widely islands mediterranean widespread grow france north italy inland regions balkans historian similarly defines region olive presence bread wheat basic products mediterranean folk cuisine mediterranean cuisine defined presence fundamental elements said play important role reflecting community beliefs practices religions languages societies olive tree tree account traces bounds frontier landscapes lives mediterranean begins ends nicknamed gates limit olive key ingredients mentioned identifies trinity basic ingredients traditional mediterranean cuisine olive wheat yielding oil bread wine respectively archaeologist calls mediterranean olive olive appears come region persia years ago spread nearby areas cultivated early bronze age southern turkey levant crete countries largest near mediterranean portugal tenth largest produce world olive yields bitter fruits edible olive oil fruit production goes olive oil mediterranean region accounts world highest consumption olive oil highest consuming country greece head italy spain united_states comparison head wheat wheat near levant years ago ancestors include wild wheat harvested create domestic strains larger grains ears readily wild forms spread mediterranean region far spain wheat staple food mediterranean region wheat bread critically important empire included entire region time years ago north_africa empire staple wheat based mediterranean foods include wheat products turn dishes greek milk consisting parcels widespread wheat dish turkey levant iran india butter milk pine black_sea persia archaeological evidence shows wine reaching greece crete fifth millennium spain millennium started italy ninth century france grown making wine drying eating table wine rich table varieties chosen flavour production remains important mediterranean area large world harvest italy produced million tonnes spain france turkey egypt greece algeria wine production similarly large france italy spain lower figures muslim countries history concept concept mediterranean cuisine recent probably dating publication david book mediterranean food david use term speaking instead mediterranean food cooking concept disputed author book food culture mediterranean authors use mediterranean cuisine mediterranean food preface book writes mediterranean food incredibly popular pizza found food experts authors mediterranean cuisine acknowledges geographical differences history affected food different mediterranean lands nonetheless asserts rules preparation consumption food common lands border mediterranean offer stability continuity reproduction specific pattern eating conquest invasion social change consequently southern europe lands bordering southern mediterranean find cuisine ritual familiar hand argues book cultures middle_east idea standard mediterranean modern construction food writers europe north_america preaching thought healthy diet audiences stereotype healthy shores mediterranean colleagues mediterranean countries willing myth fact matter mediterranean contains varied cultures author wrote thing mediterranean cuisine time know mean use expression wright argued david book largely specifically french mediterranean food pointing percent recipes come north_africa levant david time variety books mediterranean cuisine written including book mentioned books writers include sweet cuisine eastern mediterranean mediterranean mediterranean cuisine covering specific mediterranean area today italian recipes cooking tunisia spain italy subtitled mediterranean cuisine origins ingredients mediterranean cuisine extent different cuisine olive oil instead butter wine instead beer list available ingredients changed centuries major change introduction foods arabs portugal spain sicily middle ages foods included sugar cane rice citrus fruits creating distinctive tradition major change arrival foods americas early modern times sixteenth century notably incorporation potato northern european cuisine eager adoption mediterranean cuisine central cuisine described print similarly species beans mediterranean including french brought americas spanish portuguese explorers cooking david introduction book cooking mediterranean countries naturally variations climate soil relative industry inhabitants david identifies recurring elements food extensive region olive oil local herbs especially wild bright colours fresh foods markets tomatoes shiny fish silver tiger striped includes sheep goat milk long strings sheets paste dissolved water cooling drink common ingredients including olive wheat shared climate long period cultural exchange expected single pan mediterranean cuisine developed certain items olive oil bread wine lamb example greek turkish meat vegetables spanish french italian turkish found mediterranean despite lands bordering mediterranean sea distinct regional levant ottoman italian french spanish turn national provincial variations cuisine includes algeria libya morocco tunisia characteristic dishes region steamed small wheat served dish ancient mentioned medieval traveller found example italian cuisine genoa served somewhat dry dish meat vegetables cooked slowly pot called tall conical lid dishes region north_africa coloured hot containing characteristic region preserved dried cuisine cooking levant including coast east egypt distinctive foods cuisine traditional small dishes dish cracked wheat tomatoes mint dressed olive oil lemon juice called poor man olive oil mixed lemon juice dish popular north_africa originally egypt national dish consists beans oil popular levant dish ancient dried beans age found near ottoman ottoman cuisine given rise modern turkey parts balkans cyprus greece distinctive element family small called popular widespread region date far ancient roman times thin sheets filled meat sweet widespread popular dish baked dish potato ingredients meat tomatoes layer egg sauce greek variant known outside region includes layers meat sauce version relatively recent innovation introduced chef 1920s greek greek cuisine larger tradition ottoman cuisine names dishes revealing arabic persian turkish roots dishes names probably entered greek vocabulary ottoman times earlier contact arabs dishes pre ottoman taking turkish names later ash example speculate leaf early byzantine period greek makes wide use vegetables olive oil grains fish wine meat white red including lamb rabbit pork important ingredients include cheese lemon juice vegetables herbs bread dishes traced ancient greece soup white wine flavored pine candy bar seeds baked honey roman periods dried pork byzantium cheese cured fish traditional hard bread baked corn italian mediterranean italian cuisine includes italy outside north mountainous inland regions diverse cuisine best known characteristic foods pizza styles dishes dish italian short grain rice highly resistant turning cooked stock cooked butter book italian regional lists recipes variations include additions fish white wine chicken mushrooms cheese small pieces beef beans pizza david notes italy having common piece bread rolled thin topping varies place place generally simpler english speaking world naples buffalo cooked olive oil variety uses black dishes vary eaten david says simply olive oil cheese sauce red tomatoes cooked briefly variant includes pieces bacon fried fat served olive oil cheese french mediterranean french cuisine includes cooking styles island distinctive dishes use local ingredients include substantial dish french port capital people contain kinds fish sea bass crab cooked mediterranean vegetables herbs tomatoes bay orange colourful tomatoes hard boiled eggs dressed spanish spain varied cuisine includes cooking islands characteristic spanish dish originally popular wider area versions contain mixture chicken pork fried oil large shallow pan vegetable long grain rice cooked absorb water coloured local ingredients include hearts sweet mediterranean diet cuisine mediterranean diet 1970s mediterranean cuisine writes mediterranean style eating mentioning traditional mediterranean lifestyle eating family friends asserting mediterranean cuisine plant based citing ingredients grains fruits vegetables herbs beans nuts seeds olive oil stating foods mediterranean diet come plants travel guide states impulse new good cooking influenced americans discovered called mediterranean diet pleased italian government officials modification changing diet word unpleasant mediterranean cuisine mediterranean diet popularly understood little mediterranean cuisine traditional mediterranean diet based trinity wheat olive book low eating wheat free menu help weight loss advocates diet called mediterranean lacking wheat staple entirely changing cuisine david wrote mediterranean food researchers showed 1950s people mediterranean heart disease peoples northern europe traditional mediterranean ways life eating changed increased wealth busy lives led people eat meat vegetables diet northern european convenience foods effect disease | Mediterranean cuisine | Agriculture, food, and drink | Agriculture, food, and drink | Cuisines |
4379_CuisineoftheThirteenColonies | cuisine cuisine includes foods eating habits cooking methods thirteen british colonies north_america american revolution derived familiar traditions colonists home countries british isles particularly england agricultural items came trade england west_indies certain familiar items grew better led dependence imports drove daily lives colonists colonial diet increasingly supplemented new animal plant foods indigenous new world years leading number events led drastic change diet american colonists longer depend british west indian imports agricultural practices colonists began focus completely self sufficient regional majority immigrants north_america 17th 18th centuries came parts britain waves migration waves established major regional cultures affect life united_states day settled different regions dominated regional cultures british isles atlantic specific customs related religion language british migrants brought food habits formed major regional english speaking america virginia early 17th century wave english immigrants began arriving north_america settling mainly chesapeake_bay virginia maryland settlers dominated english servants fleeing aftermath english civil war poor peasants southern england society brought highly reflected food eating habits basis families virginia fond game red meat beef particular favorite available wealthy colonists complain absence meat virginia place north_america cuisine kind practiced 19th century extravagant dishes swan important social events art dinner conversation considered important skill affluent households poor white farmers black slaves ate humble fare quicker incorporate american african food poor whites 17th century similar soul food 20th century overall rich poor ate food early colonies important life social classes cooking southern england noted tendency true cooking wealthy households tended vary cooking methods greatly poor households generally confined boiling form cooking slow develop typical dishes upper classes herbs good common food lower classes corn salt cured meat later traditional southern fried chicken new_england new_england settled beginning dominated east better known religious created cuisine eating seen largely practical matter occasions engage massive bouts eating drinking times children drink large amounts alcohol age important signs authority determined eating practices society particularly compared southern colonies heads household eat separately children servants new_england great abundance wildlife traditional east fare preferred ingredients baked beans everyday fare particularly winter usually eaten coarse dark bread mixture wheat corn disease called wheat struck creating later known vegetables meat boiled thoroughly popular dish unlike regions north american colonies cooked separately frequently particular favorite origin dishes today seen american apple pie baked thanksgiving turkey mid-atlantic region emigrated new world 17th century eventually settled primarily similar applied everyday life religious teachings far food plain simple excessive consumption discouraged failure eat drink moderately punished public acts self criticism founder pennsylvania important figure development movement encouraged followers advice thou rise appetite thou sure sit like encountered abundance food new world forests rich game streams fish flocks birds abundant block sun hours avoided eating butter form self eccentric followers avoid tea meat ideas encouraged boycott products considered sin included butter role raising war taxes coffee produced slave labor eating habits meals entire households table including children servants typical cooking method boiling method brought ancestral northern england boiled breakfast dinner standard fare pop balls batter flour eggs boiled milk boiled common homes referred outsiders food travelers noted apple daily dish cook books specialized food preserved boiling standing popular genre dishes favored method food preparation cheese butter generic term dishes prepared slow boiling pressing ingredients varying apple butter cream cheese origins cooking colonial times true cheese cream warmed gently allowed stand cloth semi solid dried beef widely popular eaten add flavor use dried beef widespread called 18th century influence dominant influence german immigrants 18th century pot meat grain staple regional cuisine generations major wave british immigrants colonies took place people travelled atlantic primarily seek economic escape hardships famine came northern britain scots irish scottish descent poor accustomed hard times setting apart major british immigrant groups settled come known generally frontier highlands north south typical breakfast bread cheese meat vegetables previous dinner summer people drank fresh milk relied heavily diet based milk boiled grains like food milk standard breakfast dish eaten settlers ages habit shared british immigrant groups equally despised britain anglican missionary spent time immigrants described depending wholly butter milk england given popular meal british remained popular america difference replaced corn known today south baked circular common went names potato originated south_america established north_america brought colonies northern british settlers 18th century important staple corn pork food taboo northern primary meat sheep american colonies raising sheep efficient replaced pork habit eating remained popular vegetables replaced plants like beans corn land distinctive cooking style british american boiling typical dishes pot food eaten wooden large hunting knives popular easily tended dull knives quickly unlike abundance food drink discouraged practiced feasible generally cuisine share religious north south outside commentators apparent lack preparing food provoked criticism sources anglican characterized cooking told washing feet considered wash milk human hairs butter considered sign quality descriptions confirmed old saying attributed dirt hurt expression lack appreciation coffee tea described mere deemed appropriate sick unfit labor diet american revolution colonists arrived america planted familiar crops varying degrees success raised domestic animals meat leather wool britain colonists faced difficulties owing different climate environmental factors trade britain continental europe west_indies allowed american colonists create cuisine similar regional british local plants animals offered alternatives old world diet colonists held old traditions tended use items fashion ignore familiar foods available american colonial diet varied depending region local cuisine patterns established century preference british cooking methods apparent brought new world general disdain french south_carolina french canadians common colonies art plain easy held french style disdain stating blind age imposed french encouragement good english cook add french recipes text speaks dishes think ing odd trash french indian war reinforced anti french sentiment conflict strengthened age old english distrust french led english french speaking people forced migration louisiana french brought profound french influence diet settlers louisiana little influence outside region northern colonies striking characteristic diet new_england seasonal availability food farming southern colonies took place year northern growing seasons restricted limiting availability fresh fruit vegetables coastal colonists close proximity ocean gave bounty fresh fish supplement diet year round especially north wheat grain primarily english bread impossible grow north imports wheat far cost productive included corn form generally considered poor substitute bread accepted residents northern southern colonies animal proteins game hunting familiar beneficial skill colonists immigrated new world northern colonists depended hunting hunted purchased game method obtaining protein consumption hunting preferred animal domestic animals expensive work required defend domestic animals natural predators native americans french commonly hunted game included deer bear buffalo turkey larger parts animals served smaller portions went popular game plentiful meat popular especially popular thanksgiving season buffalo important protein source roughly animals hunted eastern united_states bear numerous northern colonies especially new_york considered leg meat bear meat frequently preservation method addition game consumed time time keeping sheep provided wool household sheep reached age wool production harvested sheep originally introduced americas spanish florida north dutch english introduced varieties sheep casual english practice animal allowed sheep free consuming variety forage forage based produce meat strong flavor tough consistency requires aging slow cooking derived animals cook colonial foods rendered pork fat especially bacon popular cooking medium pork fat southern colonies northern colonies spanish introduced pigs earlier south homes kept sack filled bear oil use cooking solidified bear fat resembled shortening colonists enjoyed butter cooking rare prior american revolution cattle plentiful colonists near shores new_england fish crustaceans sea animals colonists ate large quantities turtle europe enjoyed fresh form suitable long term storage waters commonplace new_england diet complained dining pig fodder highest quality usually dried exported mediterranean exchange fruits grown american colonies fruits vegetables number vegetables grown northern colonies including vegetables stored colder months vegetables preservation agricultural success northern colonies came following seasons consumption fresh occurring summer months addition vegetables large number seasonal fruits grown fruits eaten season preserved jam wet dried cooked frozen winter months vegetables originating new world including beans corn readily adopted grown european colonists grew northern colonies fodder animals addition human consumption alcohol hard apple far common alcoholic available colonists apple trees grown locally colonies unlike grain grow new_england easier produce beer wine farmers consumption imported affordable average beer wine apple trees planted virginia massachusetts bay colony early trees produced bitter sour eating planted making freeze called freeze called cold climate northeast encouraged process particularly popular new_jersey occasionally called jersey lightning pay road construction crews revolution new consumed large quantities beer maritime trade provided relatively easy access goods needed produce items spirit choice main ingredient readily available trade west_indies continent interior colonists drank whiskey ready access corn good access sugar cane revolution colonists considered whiskey coarse unfit human consumption believing caused poor beer important americans closely watch stocks held farmers ensure quality beer production correspondence wife asked quality crops ensure adequate supply production beer friends essential production beer grow colonies grew wild new world needed imported england addition alcohol based products produced america merchants imported wine beer consumed flavor alcohol content safer drink water disease causing children drank small beer southern colonies unlike north south central cultural origin single tradition southern colonies diverse agricultural products slaves poor europeans south shared similar diet based indigenous crops rural poor hunted ate rabbit woodland animals smoked pork supplemented vegetable diet rice coast ate ample amounts rice southern poor slaves wheat option poorer residents southern colonies eighteenth century region relied home primary small households women responsible production drink relied local products different production seasonal large funds technology necessary produce alcohol year round southern colonies culturally divided distinction seen diet food preparation regions diet included string beans white potatoes affluent whites avoided crops imported africa associated reflected social black slaves grow afford wheat table breakfast healthy portions pork pork staple meal preparations vegetables flavor addition direct consumption protein coastal particularly surrounding charleston new_orleans included french regions louisiana surrounding area varied diet heavily influenced french rice played large diet addition unlike protein came coastal game diet involved use today english inherent disdain french food native foods french disdain indigenous fact expressed appreciation native ingredients dishes changes boycott colonists dependent parent england imports food basic products taxes british parliamentary products american colonists increased colonists forced paying taxes continue english west indian goods result number colonists began boycott imported goods favor domestic goods boycott initially widespread especially officially enforced lacked number regions increasing support boycott helped generate revolution england england imposed series acts colonists changes american purchases trades eventually altered american diet starting act followed sugar act shift alcohol consumption occurred protest taxation main ingredient production whiskey spirit choice american colonists wished thumb england northern colonies whiskey southern colonies preferred corn seen grain corn whiskey presented patriotic version produced indigenous american crop production whiskey certainly norm colonies early years upper colonial society looked american whiskey time american revolution saw harsh spirit american colonies sentiment scottish irish germans brought taste hard spirits american colonies groups continued produce hard spirits imported based designs retaliation english economic controls revenue act heavily led boycott time imported promoted indigenous agricultural item decided use poor richard promote growing american order encourage production domestic franklin friends stated evening gatherings drink wine making opinion prevailing sentiment colonies revolution supported colonies supported production american wine time colonial form time drink wine beer instead hard spirits act probably stripped colonists funds ability purchase imported stamp act resulted boycott imported goods merchants strengthened passage act short lived dismay radical colonists hoped control superficial goods imported english imports west_indies act repealed colonists markets purchase non enforcement tea act heated issue colonists known demonstration boston harbor direct reaction act important shift occurred colonists drink choice wrote letter wife stating tea universally renounced sooner better began american shift tea coffee concentrated boycott massachusetts publicly united serve coffee homes inspired households colonies north south effects american revolution continental congress decreed imports enter american colonies exports america england historians state profound effect agriculture america state effect domestic market strong sustain american dispute lies fact american economy highly diverse standard form currency records consistently kept declaration american revolution george_washington military leader number changes occurred america coffee quickly normal hot drink colonies taste whiskey acquired produce fact corn grown kentucky specifically production american whiskey step established american spirit american culture country going war england addition whiskey coming favor shift began consumption beer colonists opted grow easier apple beer reason change lack imported needed beer american colonies went war needed soldiers supplies lots soldiers needed uniforms shipping colonies ceased wool integral war effort revolution consumption ceased entirely areas virginia illegal consume cases extreme necessity game begun scarce region east mississippi river hunting game driven westward colonial population increased fortunately irish scottish immigrants cattle american colonies early 18th century consequently game scarce placed cattle available place protein source change increased farmers profit animal cattle raising begun small scale french indian war american revolution came farmers able increase cattle holdings increase presence beef american diet addition beef production cattle increased production milk dairy products like butter contributed preference butter pork fat especially northern colonies arrival english soldiers ship naval battles seas areas salt water fishing lay dormant war addition fishing vessels converted warships war talk excess shores new_england change war vast numbers ships artillery entering ocean waters harvesting fishing fishermen found migrated away shores americans historic disdain french cooking opinion small began change american alliance french american publication insults french dishes disappeared number attempted cook french cuisine french allies comedic results entire frogs legs nonetheless alliance supported friendship france later resulted large migration french america french revolution american diet changed friendship changes forced boycott hostilities england time trade resume west_indies limited items sustained war effort america traded crops rice carolinas shipped coffee beans imported order america new choice | Cuisine of the Thirteen Colonies | Agriculture, food, and drink | Agriculture, food, and drink | Cuisines |
6246_Frenchcuisine | french cuisine french cuisine consists cooking traditions practices france 14th century court chef known wrote earliest recipe collections medieval france time french cuisine heavily influenced italian cuisine 17th century spearheaded movements shifted french cooking away foreign influences developed france indigenous style cheese wine major cuisine playing different roles nationally variations regulated laws french cuisine codified 20th century modern cuisine left local character found regions france considered difficult execute home tourism guide helped people rich peasant cuisine french countryside starting 20th century cuisine great influence cuisine southwest france dishes regional variations country knowledge french cooking contributed significantly western criteria widely western school boards education november french added lists world cultural heritage history middle ages french medieval cuisine common aristocracy multiple courses prepared served style called service confusion food generally eaten hand large pieces held thumb fingers highly seasoned thick heavily flavored common banquet item crust serving primarily container food end late middle ages pie developed meals ended issue table later changed modern typically consisted middle ages meaning hardened sugar honey aged cheese wine ingredients time varied greatly according seasons church calendar items preserved salt honey late spring summer autumn afforded abundance winter meals sparse livestock slaughtered beginning winter beef pork smoked bacon smoked chimney tongue dried packed salt fruits nuts root vegetables boiled honey preservation whale considered fish lent sea mammals eaten artificial freshwater ponds called held pike fish kept special yards reserved elite game highly prized rare included wild hare rabbit birds kitchen gardens provided herbs including rarely today expensive time included pepper longer today french cuisine long pepper similar black pepper grains paradise sweet sour commonly added dishes combined sugar affluent honey common form food preparation finely cook pound strain fine believed beneficial use nutrients visual display prized brilliant colors obtained addition example green yellow came egg yolk red came purple came gold silver leaf placed food surfaces brushed egg whites elaborate dishes result dish look like castle chicken turrets coated gold leaf time swan skin feathers intact feet birds taste unpleasant skin feathers kept filled cooked seasoned flesh birds like chicken known french chef middle ages known worked numerous royal 14th century position kitchen boy chef son king charles france chief cook career spanned years death buried grand style wives represents armor holding shield cooking paris central hub culture economic activity highly skilled found markets paris found similar smaller versions cities important distribution food gave french produce characteristic identity regulated guild system developed middle ages paris regulated city government french crown guild restricted given branch industry operate field basic groups supplied raw materials grain merchants second group supplied prepared foods offered raw materials prepared food meat dishes supply cooked meat dishes raw meat caused issues sold raw materials served training ground industry degrees assistant cook fledged cook master chef conferred reached level master chef considerable rank individual industry enjoyed high level income economic job security times royal fall guild hierarchy necessary find parallel appointment based skills leaving service royal uncommon paris guild regulations allowed movement 16th 17th centuries french cuisine new food items new world slow adopted records serving dinner dish called roots new world discovery beans central dish creation existed outside new world exploration cuisine pronounced high cuisine foundations 17th century chef named author works credited publishing true french book includes earliest known reference pork fat book contained sections meat days recipes marked change style known middle ages new techniques aimed creating somewhat lighter dishes modest presentations individual published book entitled republished similarly updated codified emerging cuisine standards chef wrote reign book contains served royal courts worked freelance cook employed particular household royal received special privileges association french royalty subject regulation cater weddings restriction book list recipes forerunner dictionary book seen print type game second fish quantities listed recipes suggests writing trained successive updates include important adding glass wine fish stock definitions added edition edition retitled royal increased volumes written elaborate style extensive explanations technique additional smaller preparations included edition leading lighter preparations adding course meal central french makes appearance single dish edition prior listed late 18th century early 19th century french revolution integral expansion french cuisine effectively abolished meant chef produce sell item wished born years onset revolution spent younger years working discovered later cook french emperor prior employment known extravagant constructions sugar architecture important career contribution french cuisine basis style cooking came named mother referred fond meaning foundations base known today large quantities kitchen capable forming basis multiple derivatives repertoire writings appear time preparations today extravagant simplified codified complex cuisine existed central cuisine art cuisine late 19th century early 20th century commonly acknowledged central figure modernization cuisine organizing national cuisine france influence began rise great hotels europe america 1880s 1890s managed early hotel worked influence came management created system parties called brigade system separated professional kitchen separate stations stations included garde prepared cold dishes prepared vegetables prepared fried dishes prepared prepared items system meant instead person preparing dish multiple prepare different components dish example prior system minutes prepare dish new system eggs prepared kidney sauce dish prepared shorter time served quickly popular restaurants simplified organized modern menu structure meal published series articles professional journals outlined sequence finally published des type service embraced service serving meals separate courses individual plates popular 1860s largest contribution publication established french book collaboration significance illustrate universal acceptance multiple high profile new style cooking use heavy lighter essence flavor taken fish meat vegetables style cooking looked create function add flavor dish mask like heavy ornate past took inspiration work personal recipes addition recipes ideas modern version published second source recipes came existing peasant dishes translated refined techniques cuisine expensive ingredients replace common ingredients making dishes humble source recipes invented new dishes updated times lifetime noting foreword book edition recipes book considered text point wrote book longer tomorrow progress marches day mid-20th century late 20th century 1960s brought innovative thought french cuisine especially contribution portuguese immigrants come country fleeing forced drafting colonial wars portugal fighting africa new dishes introduced techniques period marked appearance term cuisine times history french cuisine emphasized clarity flavor inspired new movements world cuisine term cooking considered modern 1960s revived describe cooking jean working cuisine students left open restaurants discovered formula contained characteristics new style cooking characteristic rejection excessive cooking second cooking times fish game birds green vegetables greatly reduced attempt preserve natural steaming important trend characteristic characteristic cuisine possible ingredients fourth large abandoned favor shorter fifth strong meat game ceased sixth stopped heavy flour based favor dishes fresh herbs quality butter lemon juice seventh regional dishes inspiration instead cuisine dishes eighth new techniques embraced modern equipment microwave ninth paid close attention needs guests dishes tenth finally extremely inventive created new combinations speculated contributor cuisine world war animal protein short supply german occupation mid-1980s food writers stated style cuisine reached exhaustion began returning cuisine style cooking lighter presentations new techniques remained national cuisine dishes considered french national cuisine today meal consists courses introductory course soup principal main course cheese course offered cheese principal regional cuisine french regional cuisine characterized extreme diversity style traditionally region france distinctive cuisine paris paris central regions country available train lines meet city restaurants exist paris cuisine obtained high quality rated restaurants champagne game popular champagne special sparkling wine simply known champagne fine fruit preserves known influenced food culture area similar style bordering germany dishes like french word popular normandy brittany coastline supplies crustaceans sea bass herring normandy quality sole brittany supply normandy home large population apple trees dishes northern areas region especially grow ample amounts wheat sugar thick found northern areas produce northern regions considered best country including grows widely brittany region called dish originated central france high quality fruits come central france including grown high quality fish seen cuisine served sauce wild game lamb cattle high quality goat young vegetables cuisine specialty mushrooms region specialty ingredient known pike perch river crabs game accounted cuisine region trout smoked meat cheese cheese cheese best eaten hot cold exquisite beef sea honey cake cheese local cuisine specialty cuisine popular liquor oil cooking types include oil fruit young vegetables popular cuisine valley guinea fish lakes mountain streams key cuisine supply high quality alpine regions supply specialty like particular type relegated region regions celebrated region include brothers mountains region liquor produced monks come basin come high quality produce comes region especially goat cheese region grazing ground cattle raised region produces best butter cream france region home high quality cattle high quality sheep woodlands offer game high quality mushrooms southern area draws cooking influence produce robust cuisine country known wine certain areas offering specialty wine making fishing popular region cuisine sea fishing trapping stream fishing support quality lamb high quality sheep beef cattle region include blonde high quality free range chicken turkey duck prevail region includes high quality regions notable production duck liver cuisine region heavy farm based region high quality france regions people consume rat like department france region high quality area offers high quality dry white corn planted heavily area use ducks production beans grown area central dish finest france commonly acknowledged finds way version area produces high quality specialty black wine high quality mushrooms region produces milk fed lamb milk produce producing cow milk cheese cattle produce quality milk cheese beef products volcanic soils create superb mineral waters produced high volume region cheese medieval settlement erected directly cliff rich countryside area region oldest milk producers soil marked history human activity favourable raising goats restaurants popular area known come served restaurants commonly seen addition fish known produced high quality comes sheep plateau les area offers mushrooms honey lamb game goat influence seen cuisine dishes like dried wrapped leaves plentiful prepared specific style known wild found mountainous regions region rich quality citrus vegetables fruits herbs region largest suppliers ingredients france region produces largest creates superb olive oil dishes found important herbs cuisine include sage bay leaf honey prized ingredient region coastal area heavily represented cuisine goat air dried lamb beef chicken popular region uses white wine tomatoes herbs found alcohol served cuisine uses large vegetables lighter preparations commonly seen winter thirteen traditional christmas cheese apple rice grown northernmost rice growing area europe red rice specialty lived maintained eating daily kept youth brilliance eighty year old son died father told wouldn live long poor boy ate little cited chef goats sheep island lamb prepare dishes produced popular growing forest produce flour turn bread forest provides feed pigs provide protein island cuisine fresh fish common island pork fine unique items including dried rib cut dried pork dried bacon smoked dried farmer hold designation grown aforementioned offers variety fruit including fruit season french cuisine varies according season summer fruit dishes popular refreshing produce inexpensive abundant prefer sell fruit vegetables lower prices needed heat end summer mushrooms plentiful appear france hunting season begins september runs february game kinds eaten elaborate dishes celebrate success hunt peak winter turns spring appear restaurants large quantities advent deep freeze air seasonal variations marked hitherto observed cases legal restrictions example short season illegal catch season freeze foods ingredients french regional use locally grown vegetables potato wheat type french green french regional use locally grown fungi button mushroom mushrooms common fruits include tomatoes varieties meat consumed include chicken duck source beef pork lamb horse frog commonly consumed fish include fresh fresh salmon trout herring shrimp eggs fine quality eaten hard boiled plain cuisine preparation herbs vary region include sage fresh fruit vegetables fish meat purchased specialty shops street markets held certain days towns permanent covered market food shops especially meat fish retailers better shelter periodic street markets structure meals breakfast breakfast traditionally quick meal consisting french bread butter honey jam café called café black coffee tea rarely hot children drink hot chocolate cups pain pain named south france included weekend treat breakfast kind served opening early day exist versions french breakfast example famous long narrow bread soft white cheese topped boiled called dip soft boiled egg drinking fruit juice hot drink variation called meant served products version called proposes bacon salmon soft boiled egg traditional coffee tea chocolate fruits fruit juice egg cooked sunny called madame novels reported long bread stuffed butter cheese eaten standing walking breakfast meant second lunch movie les share countless consisting strong cheese hot lunch lunch hour mid day meal recently seen trend hour lunch break smaller towns south france hour lunch customary sunday longer taken family restaurants normally open lunch noon close restaurants close monday lunch large cities majority working people students eat lunch corporate school normally serve complete meals described usual students bring lunch food company operate common white collar workers given lunch employee benefits restaurants workers having lunch way typically eat dishes traditional lunch price time considerations smaller cities towns working people leave return home lunch generating rush hours day finally alternative popular especially blue collar workers lunch sandwich possibly followed dishes found ready budget prices dinner dinner consists courses introductory course soup principal main course cheese course offered cheese replace cheese course simple fresh fruit meal accompanied bread wine mineral water time bread common france day main meat courses served vegetables potatoes rice restaurants open dinner stop taking orders hours restaurants close dinner sundays drinks french cuisine meal called literally opens appetite served literally mouth end called varies region region popular south france eastern region champagne served called common popular cocktail measure topped white wine word white wine replaced champagne wine simple glass red wine presented accompanied fortified added herbs trade names sell include classic traditionally stronger include fruit food establishments history modern restaurant origins french culture prior late 18th century wished visit local guild member kitchen meal prepared guild members limited producing guild registry delegated guild members offered food homes steady appeared day day set times guest offered meal table meal offered set price little choice dishes steps modern restaurant locations offered restaurants words origin restaurant step took place locations open times day featuring ornate reasonable prices locations meant meal replacements lost suffered weak chef future opened popular restaurants time arcades royal restaurants opened time leaving failing monarchy france period leading french revolution restaurants expanded limited decades prior led restaurants completely advent french revolution abolition substantial income helped new restaurants business restaurant staff larger restaurants hotels france employ extensive staff commonly referred kitchen brigade kitchen staff dining room brigade system dining room staff system created structured team system delegates responsibilities different individuals certain tasks following list positions held kitchen dining rooms brigades france french cuisine initial language article french | French cuisine | Agriculture, food, and drink | Agriculture, food, and drink | Cuisines |
8135_Palestiniancuisine | palestinian cuisine palestinian cuisine consists foods commonly eaten includes living palestine israel jordan refugee camps nearby countries palestinian cuisine cultures settled region palestine particularly islamic era beginning arab conquest eventual persian influenced ending strong influences turkish cuisine resulting coming similar including syrian cooking styles vary region type cooking style ingredients generally based climate location particular region traditions rice variations common engages primarily heavier meals involving use bread rice meat coastal plain inhabitants frequent fish cuisine variation levant cuisine diverse inhabitants heavily consume meals usually eaten household dining prominent particularly parties light meals like bread served area home ranging regularly commonly reserved holidays palestinian filled dates nuts depend holidays consumed sunset coffee consumed day liquor prevalent population alcoholic beer consumed christians conservative muslims history region southern levant varied past cuisine contributions cultures area conquered muslims aspects palestinian cuisine similar cuisine syria especially modern syrian palestinian dishes generally influenced rule major islamic groups arabs persian influenced arabs turks arabs conquered syria palestine initially simple traditions primarily based use rice lamb dates cuisine advance centuries rise established baghdad capital integrated elements persian cuisine existing arab cuisine arab said palestine foods palestine comes dried fruit jerusalem comes celebrated species known excellent pine nuts kind called bite equal found come dates called cuisine ottoman_empire incorporated palestine partially rich arab cuisine war communities including greeks french italians began settling area especially urban centers jerusalem communities contributed character palestinian cuisine especially communities balkans main ingredients rural palestinian cuisine olive oil bread baked simple oven called author writing observed oven house building joint property families duty hot regional primary regions palestine ranging north south meat beef lamb primary ingredients combined form variations dishes ranging family sized meal dish populations cooking style meals particularly heavy contrast foods northern levant main dishes involve rice staple food inhabitants fish location mediterranean cuisine similar levant frequently generally include seed flavor meals cuisine diverse generally restricted foods specific region constant isolation palestinian areas cooking styles known region cuisine similar cuisine extensive communication regions establishment israel number meals based combination meat known arabs combination lamb beef mixed pepper wrapped crust baked serve main dish palestinian lunch variation served raw meat mixed variety eaten dish bread meat dish raw eaten cooked day baked version fried balls special occasion meal consists type meat complemented mixture rice lamb flavored assortment usually nuts commonly eaten array known consists wide variety usually including topped meat vegetables cheese semi hard cheese common middle_east arab originated city cheese receives common main dish originated area northern consists chicken bread topped pieces fried sweet pine nuts upside rice baked mixed cooked chicken lamb meal known levant especially dates 13th century traditional meal central region southern having roots population ancient cooked occasions holidays weddings large gathering cooked lamb leg large pieces lamb bread usually yellow rice type thick dried goat milk called poured lamb rice distinct flavor taste dish cooked pine nuts classic form eating right hand participants feast tear pieces meat hand person addition meals fruit based jams area primary crops families living area harvest spring summer produce variety products ranging jams known area particular village known jam area olive oil cooking style similar styles adopted rest levant countries influenced mediterranean coast staple food majority inhabitants area fish major fishing industry fish served fried stuffed red mix red fish types clay pot dish consists shrimp baked olive oil hot tomatoes crabs cooked stuffed red hot pepper paste called dish native area consisting water soaked ground mixed mixture added pieces beef beans additionally flavored seeds hot eaten cool prepared differently depending time year seeds hot slow cooked flavored red pepper crushed seeds traditionally winter early spring rice dish named clay vessel oven baked rice cooked pieces meat inside vessel lamb beans pods plain rice cooked meat chicken flavored mild including known rice layered thin bread known topped stuffed chicken lamb meal eaten green lemon sauce types meals rice meals rice basic ingredient ceremonial dishes important element palestinian meals rice dishes usually main dish palestinian dinner consist variety ingredients commonly found palestinian land rice usually served dish incorporated larger dish dish include vegetables meat chicken lamb meat present palestinian dishes popular dish usually served important events traditional wedding engagement funeral baptism dish incorporating elements palestinian land bread soup rice nuts pine nuts lamb making important cultural dish meal served traditional way large common plate meal usually eaten use person sits eating large plate means upside arabic dish meat fried vegetables rice dish cooked meat large pot layered fried vegetables potatoes rice added dish completes cooking served flipped upside meat popular dish commonly served rich rice dish vegetables meat served dish seen comparatively simpler cooking palestinian dishes cooked basic rice vegetables meat served meal served large similar decorated pine nuts variant bread instead rice influence region generally rice dish arab palestinian cooking simply cooked rice ground beef nuts usually served lamb main dish meals basic fare day family cooking served rice plain rice popular provide wide range nutrients meat vegetables rice extra liquid essential dry climate economically beneficial provide relatively small meat feeding large families especially poorer population jew jew picked harvest time frozen dried widely popular middle_east commonly grown dry climate areas cooked lemon juice water served cut rice meal served chicken lamb served unlike palestinian meals healthy soup common middle_east unlike parts middle_east incorporate ingredients soup served bread bread meals variety different kinds include everyday bread similar takes place torn bite size pieces bread paper thin bread transparent receives widely popular palestinian dish composed chicken fried pine nuts atop dish usually eaten hands served cut lemon april entered book world records largest dish palestinian cuisine includes small pizza like foods including baked miniature topped lamb cooked red tomatoes baked flat bread usually topped olive oil meat decorated baked fried stuffed meat cooked pine nuts usually folded unlike filled arabic cheese similar stuffed meat fried like usually served meal meal addition dish usually common bread meals served sandwich meal shaved meat bread chicken beef adorned variety include mix fried fried small adorned similar dishes composed rice stuffed vegetables baby potatoes variety leaf vegetables primarily leaves leaves requires time main reason prepared day cooked served female family members participate rolling vegetables individual effort required great attention detail stuffed leaves meal reserved large gatherings leaves normally wrapped meat white rice tomatoes meat excellent representation attention detail commonly found palestinian levant cuisine piece tightly wrapped size cigarette families differ structure cooked served dozens rolls large plate usually accompanied boiled potato lamb pieces stuffed ingredients usually served alongside heavy meals large number known dishes bread dishes frequented breakfast dinner staple palestinian dishes particular boiled ground beans mixed paste lemon juice olive oil pine nuts especially popular chick mixed beans resulting entirely different dish distinct flavor brownish color dip variants root variants olive oil flavored ground seeds mint variants receives green white table cheese served dishes cheese common variation cheese texture mild taste like cream cheese served plate olive oil generally called sandwich served palestinian simple type known similar arab composed tomatoes combined olive oil lemon juice salt depending area palestine recipe include mediterranean style table originating levant pieces tomatoes lemon juice largest bowl world prepared palestinian city combination bread pieces tomatoes flavored usually clay bowl mix crushed tomatoes red hot olive oil seasoned lemon juice immediately served arab meals tomatoes main ingredients cut long strips thin strands tomatoes finely mint particular according chef pinch salt juice fresh lemon olive oil final touch ups palestinian include wheat thin sheets flour filled honey simply burma especially popular filling shape instead block flour served pieces rice milk topped known arab world turkey fine honey cheese center layer usually dyed orange food coloring crushed present day famed partly use white cheese called city boiled sugar foods common palestinian hosts serve fresh dried fruits nuts seeds dates guests seeds common seeds known seeds known eaten regularly activities playing cards smoking friends meals meal structure palestinian culture life revolves food aspect ordinary day special occasion wedding holiday meals structured order span main courses intermediate ones like coffee fruits dinner like arab cultures meals time spend family hours depending specific time day unlike cultures lunch primary course breakfast dinner lighter contents lit breakfast term breakfast usually consists fried eggs olive oil jams eaten primarily time day term lunch usually late afternoon lunch heaviest meal day main ingredients include rice lamb chicken cooked vegetables forms word lit afternoon term consumption variety fruits term supper usually eaten simpler foods consumed include variety style called hosting guests come common usually purchased shops instead home like tea coffee served day dining restaurants offer brilliant array cold known notably nearly dozen variations pepper red dishes chef served balls primary hot available heavy meals rarely provided restaurants instead include rack lamb chicken breasts shops offer mainly different contents offer served meal called arabic serve hot soft drinks usually restricted male customers activities like playing cards smoking arabic sweet shops found cities major towns offer wide range common flavored family run shops serve type sweet created city particular world famous exquisite arabic oldest sweet shops palestine soft drinks soft drinks common palestinian homes city contains plant distribution centers plant shut fruit common household drink warm days holy month muslims palestinian culture coffee tea traditionally served adults visit gathering juice served primarily children hind served special occasions hind originally africa drink sticks adding lemon juice traditionally served break fast water drink dry sheet soaked water mixed lemon juice rose mint water drink commonly added palestinian dishes popular drink seen refreshing heated summers herbs sage boiled water create drink medicinal purposes warm drink milk known primarily served winter season coffee tea hot consume coffee served morning day tea evening tea usually flavored mint sage coffee choice usually turkish arabic coffee arabic coffee similar turkish coffee usually arabs region palestine bitter coffee known lit plain coffee symbol pouring drink ceremonial involve host eldest son moving clockwise guests judged age status pouring coffee tiny cups brass pot considered guests accept cups coffee end cup saying meaning intending mean means serve coffee liquor widely consumed liquor palestinian christians non religious muslims clear flavored alcoholic drink mixed water white color consumed special occasions holidays weddings gatherings beer consumed drink palestinian town central contains palestine addition regular beer brewery produces non alcoholic beer muslims nearby town home brewery holiday cuisine sharp difference palestinian courses eaten daily basis comparison reserved holidays include family religious occasions muslims christians past month town beat drum wake town residents lit dawn usually early morning ranging meals eaten time light foods include cheese bread fried boiled eggs drink dawn prayers signaled beginning breaking day traditionally begins brief consumption dates variety fruit based including hindi water hours mixing rose water lemon juice similarly instead dried boiled liquid term different meaning describe breaking unlike common meaning breakfast morning begins soup vegetables soup cracked green wheat cooked chicken wide variety meals served ranging small plates vegetable based courses large plates particular meat common small dishes dinner table paste array fried tomatoes potatoes plain normally served alongside dinner meat household prepares extra food provide neighbors fortunate receive equal version food eaten home holiday common palestinian reserved provided numerous street vendors major palestinian cities towns typical palestinian households general specifically batter acts base result batter poured round hot plate appears similar cooked folded filled goat cheese ground baked served hot sugar water honey filled ground dates called traditional meal christians easter prepared end eaten muslim festival immediately following holiday honoring birth islamic prophet muhammad consists small deep fried balls served flour water special called prepared new born child ground rice sugar mixture pine nuts infant new tooth celebrated wheat served child include burma christian families mourning serve sweet known food eaten remembrance dead gesture blessing soul deceased person offer special cooked wheat covered sugar candy memorial service | Palestinian cuisine | Agriculture, food, and drink | Agriculture, food, and drink | Cuisines |
12997_Englishcuisine | english cuisine english cuisine encompasses cooking styles traditions recipes associated england distinctive attributes shares wider british cuisine partly ingredients ideas north_america china india time british_empire result post war immigration traditional meals ancient origins bread cheese meat game boiled vegetables freshwater fish 14th century english contains recipes dates royal court english cooking influenced foreign ingredients cooking styles middle ages introduced indian adapted english tastes eighteenth century recipe chicken french cuisine influenced english recipes victorian era second world war book mediterranean food wide influence bringing italian cuisine english homes success encouraged writers describe styles including chinese thai cuisine england continues absorb ideas world history middle ages english developed centuries time written middle ages reign king book offers imaginative sophisticated recipes sweet sour bread quantities boiled dried ground served foods described history english food matter large meat meal imagined hollywood films instead dishes texture possibly containing small fragments meat fish recipes manuscript dishes similar dishes broadly types somewhat acid wine sauce bread sweet sour sugar sweet expensive sugar example sweet dish meat fish manuscript rich yellow egg hit milk drawn set hit hit milk hit hit hit serve forth sixteenth century early modern period saw gradual arrival printed books printer compiled texts proper published published translated french translation original italian work number titles expanded rapidly end century include good book good wives books kinds collections called secrets health aimed aristocratic ladies advice manage household aimed women ordinary backgrounds likely wives minor professional men english tastes evolved sixteenth century ways firstly recipes emphasise balance sweet sour secondly butter important ingredient trend continued later centuries herbs grown locally little middle ages started replace book recipes meat include herbs commonly hand meat recipes distinctly combination sugar dried fruit separately new ingredients arriving distant countries good introduced sweet potatoes alongside familiar medieval recipes book compiled published gives intimate view book provides recipes forms bread apple preserves celebration cake people new ingredients sweet potato appear recipe dressing shoulder calls use newly available citrus fruits great save wine sugar little cut thin dishes juice lay bone dish cut lay serve important food nursery rhyme sing song lines baked pie pie opened birds began sing refers placing live birds pie crust serving banquet seventeenth century book early seventeenth century english published appears recipes collection deceased dated times earlier women authors books readers women england recipes different ones quarters meat meat use combination sweet sour advises sweet sweet sugar flat bitter pleasant robert cook published years old book included substantial number recipes recipes large number variously containing fish including meat including pie sweet french influence evident recipes designed enable non aristocratic readers imitate fashionable french style cooking elaborate combined use wine traditional cooking ingredients sugar dried fruit eighteenth century dictionary chose treatment recipes book covered meat fish kinds making beer wine bills fare given month year diary country gives good idea sort food eaten england eighteenth century afford eat liked welcome neighbours june gave dinner couple chicken boiled tongue leg boiled batter course second couple ducks green dinner mountain port gathered year spent day country clergyman recorded increased consumption vegetables ordinary country people south england noted potatoes added reign king george iii green stalls cities support comfortable state fortunes decent garden half support common farmers provide plenty beans eat bacon best selling book century publication ran editions widely nineteenth century english cooking available middle classes series popular books authors household names new system domestic went seven editions selling hundreds thousands copies britain america followed called greatest book language modern nineteenth century sense example recipe delicious dissolve prepared juice best add sugar roughly stir clear fire thirty minutes juice falling remove carefully pour boiling gradually half thick cream stirring mixed stirred nearly cold poured mould smallest possible quantity pure oil convenient cold water supplanted famous english book victorian era sold nearly million copies book read enjoyed substantially written later editions hands manual instructions recipes looked needed substantially authors including anglo italian cook celebrity cooking series london clubs royalty including queen_victoria book modern cook ran editions elaborate cuisine described french terminology offering bills fare people major hot drinks popular england tea coffee chocolate originated outside europe staple items victorian times catherine brought portuguese habit tea england initially expense restricted wealthy consumers price gradually dropped 19th century use widespread introduced 16th century coffee popular 17th century especially coffee houses opening oxford hot chocolate popular drink 17th century long food chocolate bars developed marketed english founded businesses twentieth century introduced ensure supply food limited boat blockade britain distributed fairly foods chocolate hard find unfamiliar items dried egg dried potato whale meat pork product imported fish called appeared national diet butter sugar eggs flour english dishes hard traditional recipes instead available foods different dishes natural providing sweetness novel dishes like diet enjoyable meant population profoundly changed english cooking book mediterranean food written time food book began evocative inspirational passage history british writing cooking mediterranean shores endowed natural resources colour flavour south blend tradition brilliant improvisation latin genius flashes kitchen honest cooking david early books remained print half century later reputation writers enormous influence historian food suggests consciously brought foreign cooking styles english kitchen fine writing practical experience living cooking countries wrote deliberately destroyed myths restaurant cuisine phrases like instead describing home cooking mediterranean countries books opened writers use foreign recipes post david celebrity included stereotypes britain celebrity chef published britain observes chapter titles simply list stereotypical british diet yorkshire lancashire kidney cream fish chips notes begins contradictions claims naming britain supposed reputation worst food world claiming country technically repertoire national dishes largest country observes people britain agree core national diet consists items english breakfast beef tea fish chips highly probable british people actually eaten core diet recent single day case regularly eat single item list case notes national diet changes time books routinely include dishes foreign origin remarks café manager remarked allowed foreign food like fact served seemingly english anglo indian cuisine national diet eighteenth century supposedly traditional english dishes relatively new dated century year introduction introduced india 18th century recorded gave recipe conversely dishes considered foreign fish sweet sour sauce english recipe books middle ages dishes took present form gradually called english breakfast kind described later editions variations list family week winter wednesday looks fairly modern bread butter bacon boiled eggs days modern looking include baked fresh cold game suggestions family week summer included cold tongue guests breakfast autumn included cold game pie pressed beef stereotypes english cuisine foreign influence english open foreign ingredients influence early thirteenth century case foods like roman times leicester daughter king john purchased large amounts king edward ordered large quantities pepper expensive imported luxury sugar popular idea disguise bad meat pointing fatal today suggests instead hide taste salt preserve food absence introduces book britain words english celebrity cook english cuisine yorkshire comes cites observation number recipes india wales scotland ireland created controversy asserting evidence fish chips foreign origins fried fish jewish cooking potato chips france dish important national identity french cuisine influenced english cooking nineteenth century french celebrity brothers continue century england role empire created arrival british india seventeenth century beginning sauce writes add bite bland boiled edition contains calls famous recipe describes indian way chicken fried butter chicken fried ground pepper stock cream lemon juice comments bit recipe expected surprised end result good interesting flavour process adapting indian cooking continued centuries anglo indian recipes completely ignore indian rules diet pork beef dishes liver bacon simply ordinary recipes ingredients powder cases like indian dishes adapted british tastes simple rice dish accepted victorian era books offered recipes merging indian european foods standard english cooking included dishes aimed poorer classes foreign influence means limited specific dishes book fruits empire argues potatoes sugar entirely imported growing sugar tea coffee increasing quantities fruits empire established britain nineteenth century exotic origins lost time fabric local life indian anglo indian cuisine indian cuisine popular alternative traditional cooking britain followed chinese italian food chicken considered britain popular dishes british britain started borrowing indian dishes creating anglo indian cuisine dishes soup indian food served coffee houses cooked home similar date time restaurant regent street london opened serving anglo indian food oldest surviving indian restaurant britain sharp increase number houses 1940s 1970s anglo indian dish chicken apparently invented glasgow early 1970s cuisine introduced britain birmingham roughly restaurants serving indian cuisine britain majority indian restaurants britain run pakistani origin according britain indian food industry united_kingdom worth billion accounting thirds eating serving million british customers week indian restaurants typically allow combine base ingredients chicken meat lamb mild regard authenticity combination reference point flavour heat madras sauce represents area india obtained actual dish variations basic sauce instance rendered fiery dish lamb chicken madras sauce extra anglo indian dish pork wine based portuguese dish indian restaurants cuisine britain gradually improved stereotypical flock pioneers opened london serving kind food actually eaten india remained fully booked followed indian restaurants london opened opened gained stars quality cooking indian restaurant britain opened london end influences chinese food established england 1970s large cities having district london developed world wars cuisine food served chinese restaurants named chinese food abroad adapted suit western taste asian especially thai began join established asian china indian italian cuisine popular mediterranean cuisine england current form plenty pizza inspired rise began italian restaurants world war served cuisine soon war italian coffee bars appeared places trade soon started sell simple cheap italian food soup pizza early 1960s slightly elegant restaurants offered italian baked coloured french cuisine largely restricted expensive restaurants inexpensive french food establishments tea shops english cafe small inexpensive eating place working men cafe serves mainly fried food fried eggs bacon mash black bubble mushrooms chips accompanied baked beans cooked tomatoes fried bread referred breakfast available day traditional declined rise fast food chains remain numerous tea shop small restaurant serves soft drinks light meals atmosphere customers eat cream tea tea served china set jam cream fish chip shops fish chips hot dish consisting battered fish commonly atlantic chips common away food fried fish fried potatoes late victorian origin cites fish trades gazette july stating later introduced country chip potatoes france fried fish trade today notes times recorded potatoes fried french manner introduced lancashire great success observes fish chip shops 1920s run jews italians slightly earlier date available chips london tale cities mentions chips potatoes fried reluctant drops oil pub food public house pub famous english institution mid-20th century drinking establishments little emphasis serving food bar pork eggs helped increase beer sales pub served meals usually basic cold dishes lunch invented 1950s 1950s british started offer pie hot individual easily premises landlord wife 1960s developed fashionable chicken basket portion chicken chips served basket mill pub quality dropped variety increased introduction microwave food pub expanded include british food items pie kidney shepherd pie fish chips mash sunday movement 21st century hand seeks serve restaurant quality food cooked order fresh ingredients pub setting serving meals eaten outside home rose rapidly modern western founded united_kingdom world increased markedly end world war country million highest western world million people claim eat red meat restaurant chains studied vegetarian main course menu labelled dishes end vegetarian restaurants remain relatively increasing rapidly britain rising quality english cuisine twentieth century suffered poor international reputation comments time people didn think english knew cook eighteenth nineteenth century female writers forefront modern day cooking english food popularly supposed bland english cuisine extensive use middle ages introduced europe makes use strong english similarly reputed dull like beef dish highly prized britain abroad people afford beef old england lauded painting celebrated high quality english cattle french gate painting look years wartime shortages certainly variety flavour english food twentieth century nation cooking recovered increasing prosperity availability new ingredients soon second world war food critics writing magazine named british restaurants best restaurants world number fat duck chef global reach london elevated status leading centre international cuisine list united_kingdom food drink products protected status european_union law increased rapidly items including cheese yorkshire forced lamb beef traditional cumberland listed registered including listed applied england status | English cuisine | Agriculture, food, and drink | Agriculture, food, and drink | Cuisines |
14386_Israelicuisine | israeli cuisine israeli cuisine hebrew comprises local dishes people native israel dishes brought israel jews establishment particularly late 1970s israeli jewish fusion cuisine developed israeli cuisine adopted continues adapt elements styles jewish cuisine particularly styles cooking incorporates foods traditionally eaten middle eastern mediterranean foods widely popular israel influences cuisine availability foods common mediterranean region especially certain kinds fruits vegetables dairy products fish distinctive traditional dishes prepared holiday times tradition keeping food customs specific different jewish holidays fish new dishes based agricultural products dairy products fish based world trends introduced years trained abroad brought elements international history origins israel traditions comprise foods cooking methods span thousand years history time traditions shaped influences asia africa europe religious ethnic influences resulted melting pot biblical archaeological records provide insight life region far bce days kings ancient israel second temple period bce roman culture heavily influenced cuisine particularly priests aristocracy jerusalem elaborate meals served included alcoholic drinks fish meat fresh vegetables sweet fruits food ancient based products play important roles modern israeli cuisine known seven species dates wheat diet based locally grown produce enhanced imported readily available country position crossroads east west trade routes destruction second temple exile majority jews land israel jewish cuisine continued develop countries jewish communities existed late antiquity influenced economics agriculture traditions countries old jewish community lived prior immigration began known old cooking style community cuisine developed jews spain expulsion areas migrated particularly balkans ottoman_empire established communities particularly jerusalem continued develop style influenced ottoman cuisine creating style known cuisine cuisine included like vegetable stuffed vegetables rice considered jerusalem classics eastern_europe began establishing communities late 18th century brought traditional cuisine developing distinct local variations notably known beginning jews began area eastern_europe larger numbers particularly poland russia pioneers motivated mediterranean climate reject cooking styles grown adapt local produce especially vegetables hebrew written published early 1930s use mediterranean herbs middle eastern local vegetables cooking bread cheese raw vegetables adopted basis breakfast abundant forms served israeli hotels forms israeli homes today early years state faced enormous military economic challenges early years period time food known decade million jewish immigrants mainly arab countries including survivors inundated new state arrived basic foods available ethnic dishes modified range mock simulated foods liver turkey substitute frozen fish instead ground meat iraqi jews turkey place lamb jews adaptations remain legacy time wheat based rice substitute introduced versatile vegetables alternatives meat additional flavor nutrition provided inexpensive paste tubes meat scarce late 1950s beef cattle introduced agricultural economy local variety plant important food source war independence siege jerusalem convoys food reach city went fields pick leaves high iron jerusalem radio station broadcast instructions cooking picked jordan convinced arabs jews dying starvation victory hand past decade food writers israel encouraged population prepare israel independence day local begun serve wild plants gathered fields restaurants dish independence war called eaten today impact immigration immigrants israel incorporated elements cultures countries came approximately years successive waves jewish immigration brought range foods cooking styles immigrants arriving central europe brought foods russian jews brought herring dishes herring herring dishes include chicken soup liver fish israeli opened popularized central eastern_europe chocolate rolls layered greatest impact came large migration jews turkey iraq jews north_africa particularly morocco typically staff army schools hospitals hotels restaurant consisted jews influence cooking ingredients country cuisine cuisine jews north_africa features sweet rice dishes stuffed vegetables shares similarities arab cuisine north african dishes popular israel include fish cooked sauce dishes balkan turkish influences incorporated israeli cuisine include foods include iraqi dishes popular israel include types stuffed vegetables vegetables modern trends israeli agriculture developed new kinds fruits vegetables appeared market began experiment new dishes began biblical ingredients honey indigenous foods late 1970s increased interest international cuisine cooking wine herbs sophisticated food culture israel began develop kitchen love published introduced international cooking trends opening restaurants serving chinese italian french encouraged dining 1980s formative decade increased optimism signing peace treaty egypt economic recovery mid-1980s increasing travel abroad average citizens factors contributing greater interest food wine addition high quality locally produced ingredients increasingly available example privately owned began produce goat sheep cow milk quickly popular general public new israeli help transform tastes production world class semi dry dry new attention paid making production high quality olive oil successful development ensured steady supply fresh fish agricultural revolution israel led overwhelming choice quality fresh fruit vegetables herbs ethnic heritage cooking comeback growing acceptance society apart home cooking ethnic foods available street markets restaurants served weddings bar people increasingly eat foods ethnic backgrounds overlap combinations foods different ethnic groups standard multi ethnic food culture develops 1990s saw increasing interest international particular taken hold popular style eating events restaurants fusion cuisine classic french japanese local ingredients widespread 2000s trend eating healthy emphasis organic grain foods prominent medical research led embrace mediterranean diet touted health benefits characteristics geography large influence israel cuisine foods common mediterranean region wheat dairy products fish vegetables tomatoes prominent israeli cuisine fresh fruits vegetables plentiful israel cooked served ways climatic areas israel areas settled allow variety products grown citrus trees orange lemon thrive coastal plain grow cooler hill areas subtropical climate near suitable temperate climate mountains suitable israeli eating customs conform wider mediterranean region lunch dinner focal meal regular foods adopted light evening meals consist types soft hard sour cream vegetables hard boiled eggs smoked herring variety fresh orange juice coffee addition jewish holidays influence cuisine preparation traditional foods holiday times types bread festivals type fruit paste dairy foods dinner eaten friday lesser extent lunch significant meal israeli homes holiday meals jews israel tradition strongly influences availability certain foods preparation homes public institutions restaurants including separation milk meat avoiding use non foods especially pork bread foods prohibited jews free foods substituted foods israel universally recognized national dish consider deep fried balls seasoned ground street vendors israel sell favorite street food book called israeli breakfast jewish state contribution world cuisine vegetable eaten meals including traditional israeli breakfast usually include eggs bread dairy products cottage cheese lunch dinner served dish light meal french chips served referred israeli typically finely tomatoes dressed olive oil lemon juice salt pepper variations include addition red green bell finely spring herbs mint popularized versions mixed brought israel places example jews india prepare finely green north african jews add preserved lemon pepper jews vegetables extremely finely use oil dressing vegetarian dish considered traditionally tomatoes finely mint seasoned olive oil lemon juice salt israeli variations use seeds instead tomatoes variation known israeli dish ingredients boiled eggs hard boiled eggs israeli potato dish rice cracked wheat finely ground lean beef lamb chicken best known variety torpedo shaped fried stuffed beef chicken lamb brought israel jews iraqi syrian origin semi circular pocket filled fried variety filled meat fried pine nuts mixed breakfast version cheese fried cooked soft meat filling wrapped deep fried oil oven baked commonly served weddings celebrations vegetables includes bell tomatoes potatoes usually served meat vegetables water salt olive oil pot withdrawing air ingredients include lemon tomatoes pepper bell pepper beans large variety called israel lemon juice herbs open flame pulp taste particularly israeli variation called cheese style romanian jews red pepper dressing serves cooking sauce meat fish forms basis cornerstone israeli cuisine consumption israel compared food critic butter america europe australia common lunch popular addition meals offer variety commercially prepared way fresh prepared establishment devoted exclusively selling israeli style lemon juice spring introduced farmers planted trees coastal plain 1920s winter cut spread bread fresh cooked vegetable vegetables cheese olive oil served meals restaurants include turkish finely tomatoes herbs red green deep fried vegetables modern israeli interpretations blend traditional modern pairing ordinary unique combinations cheese stuffed vegetables called originally designed extend cheap ingredients meal prepared israel ethnic backgrounds varying sweet sour ingredients bell bottoms swiss dried fruits vine leaves potatoes meat rice balkan style middle eastern fashion type israeli ottoman turks introduced stuffed vine leaves 16th century vine leaves commonly stuffed combination meat rice evolved communities bottoms stuffed meat famous grand dishes cuisine old stuffed dates dried fruits served rice dishes stuffed half called brought spain jews variety enjoyed particularly winter chicken soup jewish cuisine medieval times popular israel classic chicken soup prepared simple vegetables herbs elaborate versions prepared rice addition lemon juice herbs mint add israeli adaption traditional soup known called soup israel commonly served chicken soup particularly holidays served soup balls iranian jews family brought israel middle eastern jews especially popular prepared stuffed ground lamb pine nuts soft rice cooked soup jews iraqi heritage enjoy friday meal soup prepared ways additions meat include jews soup lamb chicken rice bone soup known served special occasions weddings seasoned traditional mix soup sauce common jerusalem jews settled city expelled grains rice prepared numerous ways israel simple steamed white rice cooked served pine nuts green rice prepared variety fresh herbs favored persian jews rice dish prepared thin fried boiled rice popular rice dish adopted arab cuisine dish invented jerusalem jews white beans cooked served white rice eaten widely jerusalem region brought israel jews north_africa prepared restaurants traditional passing times cooking special steamer pot called generally instant widely home cooking main courses main course chicken lamb vegetables cooked soup flavored served steamed israeli come shapes including loops stars hearts originally shaped like grains rice originated early days wheat based substitute rice rice staple jews scarce israel prime minister reputed asked company substitute nicknamed ben rice boiled like prepared style boiling water stock like flavored ways herbs considered primarily food children prepared restaurants israel internationally kind dried cracked wheat served instead rice fish fresh fish readily available caught israel coastal areas mediterranean red_sea raised ponds wake advances fish farming israel fresh fish served mediterranean style fried dressed lemon juice trout called called fish known fresh fish prepared way fish eaten baked vegetables fried served different fish dish called fish better known israel arabic prepared sauce hot pepper north african jews everyday versions prepared cheaper kinds fish served market public home weekday meals fish traditionally firm white fish shaped balls cooked fish fish jews brought herring eastern_europe herring served follows services especially communities russian immigrant community served light meal boiled potatoes sour cream dark usually fried herbs pine nuts served sauce cooked sauce baked sauce topped olive oil mint pine nuts fried specialty meat chicken widely eaten meat israel followed turkey chicken prepared multitude ways simple oven chicken elaborate rich date sauce etc examples include chicken inspired jewish cooking chicken mediterranean classic chicken meat balls sauce cuisine prepared ground meat similar popular meat herbs cooked sauce date vegetables beans meat common israeli cuisine country small specializing beef lamb outdoor known fire beloved israeli modern times israel independence day frequently celebrated picnic parks forests country dish southern salt black pepper like mix chicken lamb baked oven common potatoes fried turkey israeli adaptation example common israeli cooking brought israel jews early years state israel chicken turkey inexpensive substitute furthermore cooked butter oil israel oil today buy serve quick main meal immigrant groups added variations backgrounds example flavor addition vegetarian versions popular israeli food company produce vegetarian meat substitute types cuisine israel jews tunisia called filling ground meat liver rice blend herbs jews syria smaller called different blend jews iraq called meat liver rice traditional mix oven baked layer dish ground meat unlike rivals served hot meat chicken lamb beef cooked pine nuts herbs like mint sauce juice wine wine date white beans green beans added stuffed chicken israel usually stuffed rice meat lamb beef dried fruits like dates like herbs like dried ones added chicken flavor baked oven dairy products fresh high quality dairy products available cottage cheese white including yellow salt typical mediterranean region dairy farming major sector israeli agriculture founding state yield local milk cows highest world initially farming produced mainly soft white cheese inexpensive important staple years gained popularity enjoys today soft white cheese referred fat content eaten plain mixed fruit vegetables spread bread variety based white cheese common balkans middle_east sold plain olive oil eaten breakfast bread north country balls preserved olive oil common central southern parts adding like dried herbs like mint common preserving balls especially common eat breakfast meat usually eaten morning cheese white cheese similar produced dairy produced descendants original cheese makers dairy famous production balkan style cheese known bulgarian cheese popularity early 1950s jewish immigrants bulgaria produce varieties bulgarian introduced israel bulgarian jewish survivors holocaust traditional soup early 1980s small privately owned began produce goat sheep milk cow milk resembling traditional like rural france spain italy organic milk produced national dairy egg dishes dish eggs sauce national favorite especially winter traditionally served cast iron pan bread sauce variations dish cooked liberal use ingredients hot cheese cheese seasoned herbs seeds mint cheese cheese egg baked boiled baked alongside meals mainly taken outside morning breakfast replaces normal egg eaten breakfast alongside tomatoes fruit israel world leading fresh citrus producers types fruit grown israel including citrus fruits hybrid developed israel fruits grown israel include dates pear eaten regular basis consume average nearly kilograms fruit person year unique varieties native country having developed second half 20th century new improved varieties introduced markets years arguably popular variety maya type small medium size colourful featuring colours usually israeli season begins fruit october draws near different varieties present markets different months maya type seen july september frequently fusion dishes making lot fruit trees yards citrus especially orange lemon common popular household trees trees frequently seen public gardens fruit popularly served alongside juice fruit served alongside items fresh fruit prepared street sold fruits added chicken meat dishes fresh fruit served end meal baked dishes strong tradition home israel arising years meet demand professional came israel founded local shops called shaping local tastes preferences local style wide selection includes influences combines traditional european ingredients mediterranean ingredients dates rose water examples include citrus flavored called adapted include chocolate spread addition old fashioned varieties apple cake crushed dates served coffee tea middle_east jerusalem israeli version traditional sugar black pepper originally specialty jews old typically baked low oven overnight eaten services morning brought israel jews turkey balkans variety shapes frequently topped seeds filled meat cheese potatoes mushrooms sold served functions celebrations prepared home served light meal eggs vegetable vienna brought sophisticated making traditions israel sold professional baked home traditionally filled red jam eaten treats israeli origin flour butter sugar usually topped pine nuts jewish communities bread baked home small commercial set mid-19th century earliest established evolved cottage industry making home baked bread christian pilgrims expert arrived immigrants eastern 1920s introduced 1950s mass produced bread replaced standard government known available 1980s specialized began producing rich european tradition mediterranean style accents cheese herbs sun dried tomatoes large variety available bread widely purchased prepared typically egg enriched bread tradition round festival jews popular israel bought frozen rolled brushed oil fat baked overnight low heat traditionally served crushed dip hard boiled eggs thin circle pan baked overnight traditionally served morning like bread flour water fried pan jews similar bread called flour bread double layered flat pocket bread traditional mediterranean baked plain topping seeds multiple ways stuffed fast food meal packed french lunch filled chocolate spread broken pieces larger soft rolled filling ethnic groups continue traditional flat jews soviet republic georgia foods filled served celebrations jewish communities originated middle_east served restaurants small cups turkish coffee long thin threads filled served alongside sweet sugar popular israel original like small filled dates occasionally sweet filled crushed nuts dried dates jam oven baked specialty triangular shape influenced old illustrations wore hat seeds called literally seeds eaten home usually purchased cracked open teeth bought shops market stalls nuts seeds packaged liked seeds sugar coated soft flavored food favorite children deep fried dry sold including pizza originating turkey prepared milk milk version sold street food stalls cups thick sweet popularity resulted selling plastic packages restaurants serving richer sophisticated versions fruit similar milk cheese popular mint added chocolate coated treat sold winter popular alternative ice cream comes wrapped colorful aluminum foil consists round base covered cream coated chocolate popular dairy comes chocolate layer cream based hot prominent israeli food based green red served blended originating primarily north african immigrants hot widely consumed pepper sauce brought israel israel popular added spread fish white cheese eggs extra heat hot jewish community israel sauce introduced iraqi jews commonly vegetable concentrated date common different regions topping rice flavored rose water orange water common flavor added drinks strong coffee drinking culture israel coffee prepared instant nes italian style turkish coffee flavored jewish writers artists musicians germany austria immigrated israel second world war introduced model coffee house traditional relaxed atmosphere coffee found urban areas function meeting places conducting business serve baked goods serve light meals chains locally owned neighborhood outdoor seating advantage israel mediterranean climate particularly known café culture tea widely consumed served drunk home tea prepared ways plain russian turkish style black tea sugar tea lemon milk available common option establishments style mint tea rose water common type mint invented israel early 1990s summer staple middle_east similar juice mint plant today usually usually sold markets street vendors especially winter topped beer known black beer non alcoholic produced israel pre state times israeli recently small began new brands beer alcoholic spirit vol proof drinks family common israel middle_east clear flavored alcoholic drink labeled served neat mixed ice water creates reaction turning liquor white colour mixed juice create cocktail known literally spirits found country villages towns wine vast majority drink wine meals social occasions drink wine person year low compared wine drinking mediterranean countries capita increasing 1980s israeli production high quality wine grows meet demand especially semi dry dry addition israeli increasing number imported france italy australia united_states chile argentina wine produced consumed 1880s sweet wine established 1980s dry semi dry began produced consumed introduction heights vintage focus planting making noir white won silver gold medals international competitions israeli wine produced hundreds ranging size small villages large companies producing million bottles year exported worldwide wine fruits cherry date common country non foods foods variously prohibited jewish laws muslim laws included israel diverse cuisine partly legally restricted pork shell fish available non restaurants majority stores country widely spread including supermarket chains modern hebrew pork white meat despite jewish muslim religious restrictions consumption pork consumption capita survey reported half israeli jews observe israel religious restrictions reflected fact hebrew published versions non editions eating street foods israel middle eastern countries street food kind fast food literally eaten standing street cases places sit following foods usually eaten way fried balls beans common middle eastern street food identified israeli cuisine served cut vegetable hot sauce type depending origin maker variations include green include red yellow coated seeds meaning rotating turkish usually israel turkey lamb fat added meat huge rotating cooked meat shaved stuffed additional fresh fried rings french restaurant versions served open flat bread strips flame originally breakfast popularized north african jews israel simply fried eggs sauce vegetable ingredients optional typically served pan cooked thick white bread sauce modern variations include version sauce hot version includes sweet hot jerusalem mixed consists mixed chicken lamb jerusalem popular profitable street foods origin dish jerusalem today common cities towns israel jerusalem unlike round boiled baked popularized long shaped bread covered seeds soft sweet favorite football match crowds served hotels home originating turkey prepared milk cream sold street food stalls cups thick sweet popularity resulted selling plastic packages restaurants serving richer sophisticated versions fruit similar milk traditional sandwich jews introduced israel sold country especially introduced filled fried egg sandwich usually include egg lemon fried hot green pepper places eat thousands restaurants casual bars israel offering wide array choices food styles places eat distinctly israeli include following stands common neighborhood vendors compete stand apart competitors leads offering additional special extras like chips deep fried price single portion establishment offers mainly limited selection extras egg lemon sauce bread literally eastern restaurant refers middle eastern arabic restaurants popular relatively inexpensive establishments offer selection followed meat french simple chocolate meat selling sit away chicken turkey lamb jerusalem mixed bread holiday cuisine friday night eve usually family socially oriented meals family favorites varying extent according ethnic background traditional dishes served bread chicken soup chicken meat dishes fruits lunch important social meal antiquity jewish communities world devised meat begin cooking lighting candles marks commencement friday night comply religious regulations observing modern israel filling dish variations eaten day households served restaurants week basic ingredients meat beans rice overnight placed slow oven usually contains meat potatoes beans pepper contains chicken meat rice beans sweet regular potatoes eggs shell known jews prepare variations known meat bones potatoes wheat eggs pepper iraqi jews prepare chicken rice informal gatherings home wide variety enjoyed purchased stores cake citrus cake chocolate fruit widely celebrated family meals symbolic foods sweetness main theme typically begin honey end honey cake usually round honey symbolic fruits vegetables eaten fish dishes abundance served example fish traditional jews prepare fish dish honey cake served accompanied tea coffee dishes cooked juice common period holiday marked consumption traditional foods fried oil commemoration miracle small quantity oil sufficient day lasted days popular foods potato known known hebrew deep fried oil variety ingredients traditional potato cheese modern innovations corn sweet potato israel popularized new types standard filling include chocolate cream recent years mini appeared concerns minor jewish holiday usually late january early february marks new year trees customs include planting trees eating dried fruits nuts especially dates religious secular celebrate inspired includes feast fruits cups wine according ceremony presented special modeled purpose festival celebrates jewish people plot ancient persian described book day children adults wear costumes customary eat meal late afternoon wine prominent keeping atmosphere merry making people prepare packages food neighbors friends family colleagues called sending portions include wine baked goods fruit nuts food associated called ears filled poppy seed fruit triangular shape influenced old illustrations wore hat week long holiday spring commemorates exodus egypt israel usually time visiting friends relatives travelling night traditional ritual dinner known foods containing eaten means bread certain beer consumed eat known centuries jewish developed dishes alternative ingredients characterizes food israel today chicken soup starter meal ethnic backgrounds spring vegetables accompany meal restaurants israel come creative alternatives ingredients create pizza fast foods versions potato non standard ingredients celebration takes place tradition brought israel jewish communities north_africa evening feast fruit set neighbors visitors enjoy notably thin called eaten honey jam served occasion celebrated following day outdoor meat feature prominently early summer jewish harvest festival celebrated marks peak new grain harvest fruits time milk historically abundant celebrate holiday types dairy foods eaten include cheese based called cheese prepared soft white cheese cream cheese | Israeli cuisine | Agriculture, food, and drink | Agriculture, food, and drink | Cuisines |
1294_AchGott,wiemanchesHerzeleid,BWV3 | god church composed leipzig second sunday performed january based hymn published bach composed second year leipzig cycle second sunday work based hymn evident connection prescribed readings meditation jesus distress based medieval model unknown reworked ideas movements retaining words movements similarly bach retained choral melody movements set opening chorus bass singing setting interspersed second movement closing scored strings added support bass movement horn support soprano movement history words bach composed second year leipzig second annual cycle planned consist based lutheran hymns wrote second sunday prescribed readings sunday taken romans gifts romans gospel john marriage john based hymn attributed latin medieval hymn attributed meditation jesus distress unknown retained words movements movement stanza expanded movement stanza movement incorporates ideas movement relies movement stanza expanded movement stanza movement incorporates ideas movement relies poet relate text reading john bach led performance january scoring structure bach structured movements opening chorus closing frame sequence alternating unusual chorus sings line hymn lines continued time words poet aria duet bach scored work vocal soprano alto tenor bass choir baroque instrumental ensemble horn double closing reinforce bass opening chorus violins viola score bears title post means sunday voices violins viola following table movements scoring keys follow bach keys time signatures taken book bach scholar symbol common time played shown music bach uses melody christ appeared melody appears opening chorus sung bass second movement setting interspersed closing opening chorus god bass doubled mood supported sounds motifs strings upper voices reflecting motifs conducted notes bach repeated motif notes descent baroque opera express grief motif instrumental opening entry voice conclusion und difficult flesh blood combines hymn tune sung choir text sung turn lines hymn separated joyful motif derived tune writes hybrid provides excellent example bach experiments investing long texts sustained musical interest bass aria und experience fear hell accompanied expresses contrast hell heaven joy disappearing light mist tenor und body spirit despair expresses trust jesus overcome despair duet soprano alto cares press bright major bach scholar writes voices embedded dense quartet texture concludes movement human care means joyful singing bach scholar notes motif later picked voices played violin providing new remarkable tone colour bach refers cross mentioned text cross motif melody applying double sharp marked cross voices intensify words press sing extended closing heart remains pure faith setting choral melody soprano reinforced horn recordings selection taken listing bach website | Ach Gott, wie manches Herzeleid, BWV 3 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
1957_Miscellaneoussolopianocompositions(Rachmaninoff) | miscellaneous solo piano compositions composer produced number solo piano pieces lost unpublished assigned number disregarded concert repertoire composed sixteen pieces lost pieces composed completed piano rest interspersed later life casual works draws influence composers including substantial works pieces sets thought pieces attempts cohesive structure multiple pieces oriental sketch prelude minor pieces composed late life short works style mature composer completed child adult pieces cover wide spectrum forms maintaining characteristic russian style works autumn year old entered home receive private piano instruction end took students continued studies hoping gain entrance harmony class moscow time created composition page sharp major manuscript lost admission class produced exercises earliest minor surviving piece said composed beginning compose independently project group titled regarded attempt writing piano sharp minor written november parts beginning end central section slower gentle sections influenced unnatural stiff unusually fast second piece major followed november contains slower portion coupled quick section minor took month compose dated december january texture spread entire keyboard reminiscent music published posthumously moscow assigned number comprehensive works clear aim method attain significantly advanced shown previous opening romance sharp minor flat minor prelude thought piece major expressive major repetitive energetic vigorous piece published posthumously moscow number family summer residence wrote letter family friend moscow reporting write class unpleasant look turned resemble canon published canon minor written assignment piece conveys impression academic exercise vivid texture harmony advancement earlier pieces indicate sensible publish composed piano official july small piece prelude major revised later include cello time composed composed suite minor orchestra considered lost manuscript found leading discovery previously composition piano reduction solo piano suite suite movements minor minor sharp major major spent years writing orchestral pieces including return work early marked contribution collaboration moments completed composed single minor january subtitled means unknown pages long features brief climax produced major february year short clean composed published works period starting composed minor works fast paced piece sixteenth note figures piece intended associated orient title given publisher prelude minor dark piece thick fast moving chords repeatedly descend low register manifestation october revolution manuscript survived published penultimate piano composition came later page piece entitled fragments brief nostalgic piece final days moscow published magazine researching material library congress australian pianist discovered page sketch previously unknown piano piece minor able pencil copy wasn later realized sketch complete given permission use piece composer great granddaughter attending international conference amsterdam piece recorded released exhibition piece recorded released | Miscellaneous solo piano compositions (Rachmaninoff) | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
2308_NurjedemdasSeine,BWV163 | das das church composed sunday trinity performed november work bach sequence composing monthly church court began piece performed mourning period months text written court poet based prescribed gospel reading sunday render unto includes allusions money gold movements beginning aria tenor followed pairs bass duet soprano alto concluding similar words work scored small baroque chamber ensemble violins viola bach composed unique aria dark texture bass voice duet described love duet compared music closing lost clear bach set stanza printed instead tune appears movement history text march bach appointed court orchestra reigning august assumed principal responsibility composing new works specifically palace church monthly schedule bach composed sunday trinity prescribed readings sunday conversation heaven gospel matthew question paying taxes answered render unto matthew court poet began famous answer render unto gospel included allusions money gold court included stanza hymn sixth movement according printed final stanza music lost survived recent scholarship found bach possibly chose set stanza instead tune movement match bach led performance november performed period mourning august november account extant later performance leipzig bach scholar writes safe assume revived scoring structure structured movements beginning aria tenor followed pairs aria bass duet soprano alto concluding parts united words scored small baroque chamber ensemble violins viola following table movements scoring keys time signatures taken symbol common time instruments shown separately winds strings playing shown music opening aria tenor based render das aria features unusual strings assume motif introduced repeated times parts movement aria emphasizing debt remarks academic insistence second movement bass der god gifts described intensity subtle adjustments character remarkable aggressive conclusion following bass aria die let heart coin unusual unique accompaniment present motif introduce bass conducted comments bach irresistible picture coin work sort eighteenth century apprentice observing polish away contrary motion wide leaps bach interested coins precious metals conductor compares dark texture descent earth wagner aria thematic sections rhetoric fourth movement soprano alto duet das god heart presents sections based mood text high light complicated detail duet aria und soprano alto triple time tune hymn let jesus interwoven texture upper strings movement love duet characterized commitment god desire compares presentation movement begins sparse scoring richly progresses adding tune final movement possibly und lead heart mind setting marked line extant shows stanza sung melody bach scholar found matches tune previous movement appeared published selected recordings complete vol netherlands bach jan english baroque vol | Nur jedem das Seine, BWV 163 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
2777_DerHerristmeingetreuerHirt,BWV112 | lord faithful shepherd church second sunday easter bach composed leipzig performed april based hymn written sung melody bach leipzig composed complete second cycle begun lyrics hymn unchanged reflect jesus good shepherd bach structured work movements outer choral movements closing hymn tune bach set inner aria aria music unrelated hymn tune scored vocal choir baroque instrumental ensemble horns strings bach scholars agree brass instruments normally reserved feast days come earlier melody text history words second year leipzig bach composed sunday sunday easter returned varied texts composed occasion second sunday easter prescribed readings sunday christ model peter gospel john good shepherd john cycle text inner hymn contemporary poet bach collaborated bach hymn text unchanged hymn written hymn sung melody der german hymn different opening line sung melody bach occasion israel hymn topic lord good shepherd traditionally jesus related gospel bach performed april structure scoring bach structured movements text tune hymn kept outer choral movements closing frame alternating bach scored work vocal soprano alto tenor bass choir baroque instrumental ensemble horns violins viola following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time playing shown music opening chorus melody der embedded orchestral movement opens calls derived tune played horns leading free strings sung soprano long notes lower voices engage imitation compares movement openings occasion presence horns reveals portrait good shepherd previously met assume music originally composed pastoral text previously bach composed different melody similar instrumentation inner movements quote text hymn change music related hymn tune alto aria accompanied structured similar parts pastoral time steady flow seen depicting pure water mentioned text steps steps significant journey central movement begins accompanied illustrating walk valley darkness second dramatic strings expressing persecution sorrow trouble broken melodic line sustained string chords rod staff comfort violins little melody following duet expresses enjoyment god table dance closes instruments playing horns play different parts limited range selected recordings selection taken listing bach website roughly marked large red background instrumental groups playing period instruments historically informed performances highlighted green | Der Herr ist mein getreuer Hirt, BWV 112 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
2830_Drexel4257 | known inscription page music manuscript commonplace book largest collection english songs half middle 17th century important source studying vocal music transition renaissance music baroque music england songs provide commentary contemporary political events leading restoration belonging forms located following traditional library practice derived number historical context researchers took active interest field 17th century british song investigated music historian negative opinion british vocal music period attitude carried beginning 20th century edition stated english composers sense musical line thought reason negative attitude lack published sources publication date las musical banquet appeared single publication british vocal music scholarly work major reasons change attitude songs contain music largest single body early 17th century english songs know composers belonged small world court musicians suffered disruption english civil war began careers late reign james saw service court charles survived return posts invitation charles_ii active careers shortly antiquarian collection songs intended practical use represents generation english composers active stands record english musical literary taste developed period thirty years moving late era restoration periods musical contents variable main interest document time reflects contemporary taste offering comments contemporary events references past virtue repertoire period covered closely related 17th century english music manuscripts british library deposit library add british library add british library library add british library add british library dublin british library add british library palace library christ general physical description binding measures centimetres contains leaves measure centimetres leaves varying length add millimeters respective measurement image left indicates volume rebound december new_jersey numbered song numbered different methods scholars disagreed songs contained manuscript hughes wrote collection contained songs unidentified composers counting songs musical setting sufficiently complete identification possible claimed different songs numbered songs occur twice hide eye nos thou thee nos additionally nos stay stay reason fly thee satirical replies anti royalist lyrics included manuscript blank identified index song thou nos songs listed index space allotted eighty songs lacking music titles titles lyrics counted songs including songs listed tables contents music article table uses breakdown songs known composers follows contains lyric followed inscription written twice material later date upper half page contains engraved portrait printed lower portion contains brief biographical inscription concerning hand owner note giving brief description contents tipped near center binding tables contents heading numbered list songs starting song style varies listed listed additionally group songs incorrectly altered second table heading grouping songs letter songs listed list apparently compiled manuscript completed includes songs nos written hand songs manuscript currently bound date accompanying binding information inside rear cover stamped songs sequence nos surrounded dating date inscription source studied manuscript consulting study date paper noted origin fuller holy state history world believed book begun turn 17th century hypothesis rejected notes contains works born hughes believed terminal date songs refer charles_ii assumed throne noted earliest lyrics england felt close terminal date noting songs added commonwealth period younger composers included collection writers disagree details section agree portion probably given concentration work manuscript suggests book begun recognized came possession book musicians royal chapel dispersed result english civil war lost possessions fire book appears survived june bequeathed grandson named books music death known manuscript years published reference comes mentioned volume early english poetry ballads popular literature middle ages possession editors series took keen interest english music collected rare books scores valuable manuscripts death extensive valuable library auctioned course days auction catalog entry manuscript reads collection upwards songs johnson english composers containing inscription book quotes contemporaneous report hammer price comment thirteen america reference philadelphia born amassed large music library purchased lots auction death bequeathed music library merged library basis founding units today located organization noted subsidiary groups organized composer nos nos nos nos nos nos similarly group songs set play northern nos songs love lyrics poets including william_shakespeare new spirit suggested song england merry drinking song indicates political shift deliberate segregation evidence songs nos series ballads popular songs contrast art lyrics songs brief return elevated nature songs nos popular sophisticated songs mixed hughes believed manuscript written individuals hughes characterized hand older hand dating end 16th century beginning 17th century date disputed subsequent writers second hand copied newer songs including written hand hughes believed evidence suggested manuscript begun unidentified person continued commencing song following hughes view believed manuscript written hands view hand wrote titles songs nos second hand probably wrote nos leaving space left accommodate future additions index described writing style hand favoring round compact letter forms vertical alignment capitals heavy strokes writing broad pen admits hand forms hand writes finer letter forms loosely connected little pronounced slight right hand pronounced slant right letter forms thin elongated pen fine observed hand participated slightly preparation nos songs text felt hand probably hand believed teacher saying match existing manuscripts disagreed hughes saw different hands based tables contents access book time characterized hand firm bold controlled secretary hand second hand somewhat lighter secretary hand beginning song hand inclined italian style begins song roughly equal dropped hand entered songs probably entered text correspond known songs probably work identified hand manuscript probably poet hand manuscript jordan manuscripts harvard_university showed jordan involved london circle theatre musicians composers years culminating jordan preface defence published identifies songs nos text copied jordan politics lyrics number songs references contemporary politics events high treason carries strong suggestion reaction contemporary british history song beat proud known written imprisoned rule songs express regret better past listen gentlemen merry praises reign charles indirectly criticizing current regime lyric england contrasts 13th century hero guy current rulers song alludes marital difficulties charles_ii portuguese wife catherine example distrust foreigners seen lyric tell news french sent france charles_ii figures god noble king describes king progress england describes english soldiers siege including characters named referring 1st earl referring names mentioned include game possibly songs reveal prejudice concerns known rogue highway friends devil exception praising protestant service took note bold lyrics song poets sea land greatest store deck fine clarified meaning outspoken necessarily result personal taste reflection royalist protest morality intended shock taste literary content hughes argued unlike textbook compilation shows variety good mediocre poetry songs deal love range rhetoric frank accounts love making deal matters songs related christmas depicts mock battle cold win christmas gone popular ballad appeared number 17th century sources song christmas comes far away discover friends residents deserted country favor city song concludes lament universal welcome gone christmas similarly fewer political overtones song ladies loose time expresses preference city life country song eyes graphic meditation song collection deal religious subject song fate dare bears inscription composed comedy northern song manuscript indicates drama songs texts dramas association theatre songs composed best characterized collections wit trivial derivative time containing work genuine literary value tone seldom frankly sexual characterized persistent anti feeling similar examples found work musical content style hughes observed contains cancel flats flats cancel noted technical parallel octaves found kinds mistakes explores transition song representing older style composition appropriate renaissance music song reflecting newer baroque music practice easy form composition assess songs song general characteristics song smooth flowing restrained lines song vigorous abrupt harmonies songs melodic lines songs define structure songs tend loose frequent verse fragments songs closely tied rhythm text songs songs increasing use dramatic generally english composers concerned capturing verbal rhythms producing dramatic effects hughes noted restoration lyrics baroque figures speech use lyrics use techniques england indicate adoption italy previously thought english composers didn know weren interested comparison books additional songs appear embellished form indicate british composers singers occasionally adopt style examined song truth appears published book generally conservative composer version present melody slightly altered provide greater sensitivity text speed verse naturally alteration finds improvement original songs like songs bar enlarged approaches suggesting ballad singer briefly catch breath consistent practice english music time songs meter suggest adaptations violin tunes reflect verbal rhythm comparing song version appears book notes earlier version meter trace version manuscript suggesting modernization older song example style like place obscure lyric attributed sir dating comparing setting admits possibility inspired musical characteristics setting including simplicity texture distinct phrases use suggestion rhythmic motif use recurring pattern eighth notes point contemporary text setting techniques song sun thou stay shows expressive false relations word painting later developments british sacred music songs earliest examples italian style english music represent mature style song devices octave leap look away song song songs like musical lines indicate dance songs contain elements bass characteristics renaissance baroque periods tunes texts 16th century origin long repertoire mistress sides bare exceptions earliest songs date period comparison published indicates particular songs popular selections copied book popularity tastes changed restoration similarly song went england satirical narrative refers song indicating song continued popularity appeared probably dates earlier song containing styles drinking song erratic harmony suggests frequent angular melody moves great song emphasized continuous flow smooth melodic motion identifies styles songs collection air reflecting modern style air reflecting older style renaissance musical practice air composed based tune tune intended dance form examining lyric forms identified ballad type song ballads found sophisticated type satire parody important elements ballad simple narrative ballad represented warning wary fluid nature musical genres categorized following songs ballads identified songs style observes transition song song complete printed versions songs entirely trusted represent sung order costs written vocal manuscript sources crucial understanding transition baroque vocal styles concludes warning study early 17th century lyric poetry conjunction intended musical settings words music significance summed manuscript little doubt fame rest work important song collection work composer musician distinctly second rate appreciate man keen sense musical currents page time knew public wanted turn public taste professional uses wit managed establish place rough world century music songs soon forgotten commonplace book compiled thought succeeded presenting valuable sources musical taste musical thought time reason obscure court musician years ago remains alive minds students english music history list songs table based table contents listed supplemented composer lyricist remarks manuscript published english song manuscripts edition texts vol isbn new_york introduction | Drexel 4257 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
2845_DarzuisterschienenderSohnGottes,BWV40 | der der son god appeared church composed year leipzig second day christmas performed december year main churches christmas bach composed leipzig title appears modern german der theme work jesus works devil frequently mentioned music scored horns similar bach later christmas text unknown poet organised movements beginning choral movement biblical text followed sequence structured different hymns hymns christmas bach opening chorus concluding major history bach composed year leipzig second day christmas day leipzig celebrated christmas alternating years different readings remembered prescribed readings feast day acts acts gospel matthew jerusalem killing matthew text unknown author related generally reflects jesus sin works devil text quotes bible movement verse john contemporary poetry alludes bible times movement based gospel john john movement reflects creation narrative genesis image movements movement finally picks line day gospel verse gathered children chickens wings fewer different hymns structure movement stanza movement stanza closing fourth final stanza unusual bach include stanza conclusion performed day tag early work composed contained christmas season bach structural device rare twice hat der major works scenes closed later christmas hymn bach later use end iii christmas sung earlier melody anonymous composer second christmas hymn addressing old matches context sung melody possibly composed closing sung melody published collection fourth musical christmas composed leipzig bach performed december christmas season day christmas bach performed program new compositions major choral works december main service tag new major service flat major december december hat der january lied january january performed twice principal feast days main service alternating major churches service bach parodied movement cum major scoring structure occasion scored vocal alto tenor bass choir horns violins viola bach later similar scoring christmas performed new year day consists movements chorus der tenor das ward die bass alto die und aria tenor music according sections concluded chorus christ purpose world sin aria christ actions aria christian delight bach material composition example horn motif beginning tune suggests chosen structure began composition opening chorus major setting short text der die son god appeared destroy works devil notes work destruction portrayed chorus repeated notes extended elements christmas spirit horns open short signal like motif picked strings movement resembles prelude text presented repeat beginning repeated finally repeated style similar section conducted christmas bach pilgrimage compares movement style excited style notes vigorous endorsement military campaign sin devil instituted jesus birth text speaking works devil rendered repeated notes prelude section section destruction pictured twisted snake like sections text der new calm theme introduced tenor followed bass soprano alto accompanied theme contrasts elements depicting works devil destruction shines short sung tenor typical voice narration delivers message das ward und der word flesh lived world set parts returns thought sin die sin makes suffering bass line rises line der condemn christians bass aria afraid accompanied strings describes wide ranging bass solo triumphant snake die paradise explains sin second und shake head setting vivid bass line illustrates crushing head tenor aria christian children accompanied horns stresses words glad extended sudden rests reflects joyful mood opening chorus closed members asking jesus support new year passages bass line moving illustrate joy bliss begins minor changes times according words reaches major final word sun mercy selected recordings list recordings provided bach website type choir orchestra roughly shown large group red background ensemble period instruments historically informed performance green background | Darzu ist erschienen der Sohn Gottes, BWV 40 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
3469_Nunkomm,derHeidenHeiland,BWV61 | nun der nun der come church composed sunday advent sunday begins year performed december text provided quoted book revelation framed work hymn beginning nun der main hymn advent melody based medieval chant end der quoted developed thoughts like sermon bach structured movements beginning followed series alternating concluded scored vocal soprano tenor bass strings bach led performance december director music main churches leipzig performed november history words march bach appointed court reigning august assumed principal responsibility composing new works specifically palace church monthly schedule exact chronological order bach remains uncertain bear dates dated bears designation advent sunday advent prescribed readings sunday romans salvation nearer romans gospel matthew entry jerusalem matthew text provided published frankfurt began ended work hymn stanza nun der main hymn advent derived latin melody based medieval chant supplies dark imposing character conclusion chose second seventh final stanza der quoted book revelation fourth movement der und und die und das mit und mit stand door knock hears voice opens door enter evening meal revelation poet combined ideas jesus entry jerusalem promise return invitation enter heart individual christian developed thoughts like sermon bach scholar notes mentioning arrival jesus brings blessing day movement prayer jesus come congregation movement response statement door movement opening heart individual christian knows movement bach set text possibly der und bach designation performance precisely dated december director music main churches leipzig bach performed november beginning year new position bach paid attention exceptional occasion beginning year composed later nun der inspired hymn bach began setting tune leipzig sunday advent chance hear music christmas observed advent scoring structure bach structured movements beginning followed series alternating concluded scored vocal soprano tenor bass violins including cello score titled nun der alto col bach duration given minutes according bach scholar use viola parts french style notes strings doubled leipzig performance marked score following table movements scoring keys time signatures taken symbol common time playing shown music sunday advent begins year bach marked creating opening chorus nun der come style french follows sequence slow fast slow french opera performance entered bach different king lines melody combined slow section line treated fast section line final slow section melody line presented sung voices accompanied rhythm orchestra line sung voices accompanied orchestra line fast instruments playing marked line set line notes bach possibly followed model opera uses chorus french tenor come begins continues tenor imitating lyrical style derives early italian operas known aria half aria tenor aria come jesus come church accompanied violins written rhythm combination voice strings gives texture trio comments use string played vocal passages provides strict unified character comments instrumental styles standard operating procedure bach quote revelation der und stand door knock given bass voice christ knocking door expressed chords strings notes expressive text melted structure bars long compelling musical logic conducted compares scene bach later post resurrection appearance disciples halt christ entry opera bach later frequently use bass voice christ matthew passion similar string accompaniment response invitation individual prayer soprano open heart accompanied middle section closing come fair crown joy bach sets final stanza hymn offers thought convincing explanation lies text delay await hymn tune implies sense urgency feeling unable longer bach setting violin adds fifth vocal parts violin climb octaves convey extent soul longing future life prospect jesus returning end time selected recordings listing taken selection bach website roughly marked large red background green background indicates performances voice vocal column instrumental groups playing period instruments historically informed performances instrumental column | Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland, BWV 61 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
3713_JauchzetGottinallenLanden,BWV51 | allen allen god land shout joy god lands church work bach church scored solo soprano trumpet composed general use tempo words particular date church calendar 15th sunday trinity known performance september leipzig work composed earlier possibly occasion court christian duke bach composed hunting shepherd text written unknown poet took inspiration biblical books especially included closing stanza hymn nun den bach structured work movements solo voice accompanied baroque orchestra trumpet strings outer movements trumpet express god goodness wonders central introspective aria accompanied conveys profound expression commitment god set closing soprano sings melody trio violins leading unusual trumpet joins bach scholar notes work unusually popular bach church unique demanded soprano trumpet beauty history words bach leipzig 15th sunday trinity september prescribed readings sunday came paul walk spirit sermon mount gospel matthew faithful worry material needs seek god kingdom matthew author unknown reference prescribed readings incorporates movement ideas matthew central aria thoughts matthew closing fifth stanza nun den added hymn bach stanza different setting close bach led performance september bach manuscript indicates 15th sunday trinity tempo time phrase indicates possible general use work text direct relevance readings dedication 15th sunday added later indicating intended specific occasion bach composed period composed church irregularly complete earlier cycles according bach scholar bach written shortly unknown occasion performance material survived reveal detail indicating later performance sees connection court scoring solo soprano trumpet popular assumes work originally intended performance court professional female singer bach written birthday christian duke invited birthday celebration returned title court director music thinks connection title highly probable soprano covers octaves requires high solo trumpet times trades melodic lines soprano equal basis extremely bach scholar assumes bach unusually gifted singer adding female voice unlikely conservative leipzig according possible candidate bach aware capabilities accepted willingly school weeks performance trumpet probably written bach principal time scoring unique bach frequently italian composers bach son arranged work adding second trumpet sacred bach wrote solo soprano arrangement solo bass flute soprano vocal mit wrote secular solo soprano non holder tag scoring structure bach structured movements scored soprano baroque orchestra violins viola title score reads post tempo allen soprano solo viola bach church bach scored solo soprano trumpet duration given minutes following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time instruments shown separately wind instrument strings playing shown music music trumpet aria concluding style italian observes movements different musical forms variation scoring richest outer movements trumpet reduced central aria aria allen god land form extended theme beginning fanfare suited trumpet developed orchestra constantly worked soprano pray temple accompanied strings second second develops idea von wonders complexity second aria highest renew goodness accompanied quasi supports expressive voice lines constant movement time constantly rise addressed highest appears octave jump extended express child god notes bach able convey modest means profound expression commitment god und mit glory praise honor soprano singing melody accompaniment violins leads break concluding trumpet bringing particularly close movement begins soprano responding trumpet instruments come build fine display piece long flowing leave literally sheer pleasure energy generated relationship god selected recordings listing taken selection provided bach website piece recorded following table second playing period instruments historically informed performance marked green background | Jauchzet Gott in allen Landen, BWV 51 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
3893_Sixmomentsmusicaux(Rachmaninoff) | moments moments french musical moments russian set solo piano pieces composed russian composer october december moment musical musical form characteristic previous musical era forms appear incarnation song words theme variations individual pieces described true concert works best served stage concert grand composed set piece stands concert solo individual themes moods pieces span variety themes ranging somber funeral march number majestic canon number moments return revolution solo piano composition typical performance lasts minutes interview said try writing music simply directly heart composing moments written short money pieces knowledge piano composition point opens set long reflective melody develops rapid climax second piece set reveal mastery piano technique contrast surrounding pieces explicitly named funeral march lament draws inspiration sources including explosion melodic intensity fifth respite form finale closes set thick texture musical moments illustrates completely heart background fall year old financial status helped robbed money earlier train trip pressed time financially expecting symphony rushed production december wrote russian composer met composed work saying hurry order money need certain date perpetual financial pressure hand beneficial 20th month write piano pieces completed october december dedicated despite hasty circumstances work early sets example quality future works moments sophisticated work longer duration thicker textures greater demands performer previous solo piano works similar sharp minor compositions detail functional musical argument places specific qualities playing music passionate numbers require pianist technique musical perception composed middle career created foundation inner voices elaborate usually gave piano works perform date public performance determined set inspired piano cycle called moments written intimate scale composition flat minor piece moderate tempo measures long marked quarter notes minute divided distinct sections presents theme common time typical figure left hand mid piece pause roughly area moments emphasizes influence second marked con motion quarter notes minute variation theme unusual configuration seven quarter notes measure ends section presents variation theme common time fastest tempo con quarter notes minute piece ends coda returns tempo repeats portions previous parts ends perfect authentic flat minor longest set playing time described generic hybrid combining elements theme variation genres melody long elements includes works called extension minor set stands difficulties sections multiple phrases single hand flat minor second piece referred positioned contrast lyrical atmospheric melody piece piece quick tempo quickly quarter notes minute measures long pieces second shortest terms playing time usually longer half minutes shortest number piece represents typical nineteenth century similar style melody interspersed rapid figures strict form coda identical beginning ending sections beginning measures contrasting middle section starting measure second section radically changes dynamics constantly changing piano relentless descending half steps left hand figure reminiscent ending piece slow coda ease closes perfect authentic flat minor revised piece march changing melody leaving constant proving rushing figures simple flair minor continual number relieved piece set introspective drawing previous illustration generic hybrid piece described mixture song words funeral march genres create called russian piece set containing bass solid melody characteristics russian music comprising measures piece shortest longer playing times seven minutes piece structured form theme section played entirely minor thirds accompanied left hand figure open octaves middle section melody minor alongside octave bass lament opening theme transforms explicit funeral march left hand octaves regular minor fourth piece similar second quality performance fourth piece reveals resemblance revolutionary left hand figure place piece measures long duration minutes fastest tempo set quick quarter notes minute shortest work terms playing time form coda piece begins introduction thick texture left hand consisting melody rising quasi military idea interspersed left hand figure note melody strong element middle section brief period falling figures right hand rising scales left section marked life played faster intro quarter notes minute point piece develops thick texture original left hand figure played hands varying registers technique rapidly changing octave melody played called displacement present figure dramatic form increases intensity ending ending coda quick quarter notes minute final sweeping theme closes heavy minor chord bell sounds prominent piano prelude sharp minor piece major exercise endurance accuracy introduction opens left hand figure requiring span tenth interval additionally octave intervals invariably appear fast runs making quick arm action necessary double melodies uses work exists purposely hands occupied melody making difficult right hand project piece set indicated pedal markings flat major piece similar form folk song rhythmic accompaniment playing takes approximately minutes measures long shortest terms measures sustained ease quarter notes minute simple melody presented form lacking figures difficult runs piece displays capability musical piece simple mood sustained playing simultaneously restrained dynamic figures left hand melody texture frequent suspended tones creates difficult task voicing placing correct emphasis correct notes relatively short melody lines direct contrast long lines giving shorter time bring phrases major piece set nineteenth century work described completion struggle piece summarized final piece movement cycle brilliant employing entire range dynamics available piano bringing set pieces glorious conclusion stormy agitated work contains triple main theme brief sunshine storm return finally dominate despite dark imagery presented describe piece work major end result light hearted dark sound like second fourth pieces number written form repetitive technically challenging melody doubled hands work distinct elements played simultaneously main melody continuous thirty second note broken chord figures descending eighth note motif dynamics play large piece marked beginning maintained section brief middle section wholly softer contains areas significant mounting tension creating aforementioned effect dramatic false starts theme develop effect triple size impact potential disaster referring tension waiting final climax continuing explosion immediately coda thick texture canon suddenly disappear piece piano entering coda work resumes theme majestic ending played difficult pieces set stamina strength required sustain sound continuous thirty second figure pianist consistent tempo problem piece melody interspersed elements additionally dynamics loud loud indicate accurate vision relative volume necessary maintaining accuracy managing element piece successfully presenting musically solid performance continues ultimate challenge reception moments received critics writing symphony distracted solo piano work moments regarded return mature composition revolutionary grand style retain charm early works mentioned pianist typical early works dense rich highly deeply felt course exceptionally challenging pianist later performances work reveal hidden subtle rhythm emerged long melodic phrases acclaim incredibly complex musician moments far confirm inherent genius exquisite melody changes heavenly maintaining sense contrast variety allows miniature stand work unknown financial reaction composition stolen money emotional reaction overshadowed following years catastrophic premiere years labor symphony | Six moments musicaux (Rachmaninoff) | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
3917_Requiem(Fauré) | requiem composed requiem minor choral orchestral setting shortened catholic mass dead latin best known large works focus eternal rest reasons composing work unclear appear death parents composed work late 1880s revised 1890s finishing seven movements work scored soprano mixed choir orchestra organ different typical requiem settings sequence dies omitted replaced section pie final movement based text funeral mass burial wrote work managed entertain way religious illusion requiem dominated beginning end human feeling faith eternal rest piece premiered version paris funeral mass performance takes minutes history reasons composing requiem uncertain possible impetus death father mother death years later new year eve time mother death begun work later declared requiem wasn written pleasure earliest composed music included requiem wrote independent work composed version work called requiem movements include version performed january funeral architect paris composer conducted work added portion expanded added second version premiered january conducting score reworked orchestra final version premiered paris july conducted forces performers composer said work managed entertain way religious illusion requiem dominated beginning end human feeling faith eternal rest told interviewer said requiem express fear death called death death happy happiness painful experience music criticised human nature feel way religious emotion took form inside necessary accept artist nature requiem sought escape thought right proper years accompanying burial services organ know heart wanted write different requiem orchestral version performed funeral performed united_states student concert performed england text text latin customary set gradual tract sections mass followed french baroque tradition setting requiem sequence dies section pie slightly altered texts substantially changed text described set optional conventional added texts changes text beginning adds changed deliver souls faithful departed simply deliver souls departed replaced deliver beginning verse repetition omitted verse beginning concludes added structure scoring composition structured seven movements piece duration minutes scored work chorus orchestra movements sections listed table scoring voices key time signature symbol common time equivalent tempo marking voices abbreviated soprano alto tenor bass composer divides choir parts frequently uses given nature work boy instead details structure work bears striking similarity requiem set latin texts music chose german bible quotations works seven movements employ soprano singing choir movements soprano central movement movement movement appears choir works remaining movements sung choir example sing requiem similar requiem work begins slowly minor measure instruments choir enters parts minor chord stays entire text requiem eternal rest gradual progression harmony sudden climax reached lasting light diminishing repeated shine repeat prayer eternal rest simple melody continue similarly praise jerusalem voices hear begins melody tenor sang soprano alto tenor repeated following measures harmony strong urgent time repeated times final appears begins minor canon alto tenor short succession simple melody little prayer christ lord jesus christ king glory free souls departed eternal punishment deep lake ending sequence repeated beginning step higher line step higher following urgent jesus enforced voices add broken rests prayer fall obscure enters offerings brought praises beginning repeated note asking melody lord death life choir repeats line text motif beginning elaborate parts concluded uplifting major holy contrast compositions mass requiem illustrated great vocal instrumental forces particularly requiem expressed extremely simple form sing simple rising falling melody notes male voices repeat accompanied rising melody violins solo violin pattern appears times melodies increasing volume reaching highest orchestra changes tone accompaniment replaced firm powerful major chords horn fanfare marked male voices declare praise highest answered music began violin melody upwards final note flat major choir repeats finally joining pie solo soprano sings prayer good jesus rest line text repeated times times asking requiem rest intensified requiem rest melody flat major measures second similar reaching higher words requiem begin expansion reach alternating notes requiem begins leads alternating notes lower range requiem gentle upward motion settings mass requiem set dark expression begins major fluent expansive melody orchestra measures tenor sings melody gently rises falls repeats way motion orchestra stays key changes minor mode lamb god asked rest chords daring progression tenor instrumental introduction repeats line leading peaceful begins following section light eternal shine long choir divided parts lets light choir closes reprise opening mass requiem orchestra picks melody close movement sings section bass rhythm quarter notes rest upbeat quarters sings text free lord eternal death terrible day heavens earth come judge world fire embarking melody wide range sharp leaps text continued choir parts sum ego motion dies day wrath expressed chords giving way prayer rest motion piano suddenly choir repeats opening statement fully choir end movement repeating text movement taken angels lead paradise rests continuous motion fast broken orchestra soprano sings rising expressive melody enriched chords voices divided parts final jerusalem second thought sung soprano filled words requiem versions revised enlarged requiem years performance publication final version scored orchestra 1970s attempts scholars reconstruct composer earlier versions scored smaller orchestral forces version seven sections requiem completed january performed month funeral architect version lacked added time following decade rest requiem having composed years earlier solo forces required original version choir number consisting boys men admit female solo boy organ strings solo violin divided divided performance added horn trumpet parts version continued work intermittently requiem judged score ready published proposed publication fell attempts reconstruct score specialist began working 1970s edition published english conductor edition jointly edited published advantage access important source material unavailable set orchestral parts discovered score 1890s bass choir music letters judged edition makeshift lacking standards scholarship university press considered edition manuscript survives critic puts waters original adding horns modifications cello bass parts reviewing edition wrote pleasant surprises including restoration urgent rolls ethereal chords enhance spiritual atmosphere version solo horns added original scoring possible employed mixed choir female soprano partly soprano lines particularly solo pie difficult sing demand excellent breath control easier adult women boys final version end 1890s publisher suggested composer requiem performance concert halls intimate sound earlier versions effective performances large concert venues large choral societies time larger orchestra required resulting version survive critics speculated greatly interested orchestration delegated revision pupils details augmented score differ earlier amendments original manuscript new score published time vocal score edited favourite pupils critics speculated score questioned skilled left edition speculates work firm corrected later editions notably orchestration final version comprises mixed choir solo soprano solo horns organ strings single section violins divided expressed view terms church concert versions requiem performed choice edition dictated size venue clear composer favoured version comments comments requiem ring descriptions sic versions published text complained orchestra performance work small commented violins orchestral version selected editions requiem edition requiem requiem version score miniature score selected recordings requiem recorded soprano conducted issued label reissued recording half century exception columbia set recorded soprano les instrumental conducted edition score recorded label numerous sets versions issued singled particular mention critics listed requiem combined recordings concert performances early award winning composition originally choir organ composer wrote aged year years school church music version city london recommended finest classical recordings guide recommended version victoria los recommended choir king college cambridge sir recommended orchestra recommended atlanta orchestra recommended | Requiem (Fauré) | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
4041_GleichwiederRegenundSchneevomHimmelfällt,BWV18 | der und der und rain snow fall heaven early church composed sunday second sunday lent likely based text published bach texts period written court poet text cites related gospel movement style sermon combined closing eighth stanza hymn adams fall falls relatively early bach chronology compositions possibly composed february likely year earlier bach structured work movements aria closing scored vocal unusual baroque instrumental ensemble cello performed work leipzig added double viola octave higher history words bach worked court march bach appointed court reigning august assumed principal responsibility composing new works specifically palace church monthly schedule bach composed second sunday ash wednesday called prescribed readings sunday taken god power mighty weak gospel luke luke based text written court published collection und sacred singing playing set music texts set music written court poet text cites second movement rain snow heaven shall word related gospel god word compared seed movement poet combines warnings dangers god word style sermon lines prayer closing eighth stanza hymn adams fall falls relatively early bach chronology compositions possibly composed february likely year earlier bach scholar states original performing material survived allows date work bach performed leipzig expanded scoring different key probably performed service newly composed scoring structure bach structured movements instrumental aria closing scored work like written small ensemble vocal soprano tenor bass choir baroque instrumental ensemble cello setting unusual similar orchestration violins second version performance leipzig adds double viola octave higher compares effect foot stop pipe organ begins minor version minor leipzig version following table movements scoring keys follow bach leipzig version time signatures taken book bach scholar symbol common time played shown music keys section refer version recording commentary uses leipzig keys notes work lutheran character quoting inserted movement sees study exploring italian opera introduced rich instrumental accompaniment finds occasion dealing god word characterised vivid imagination arresting sense drama music power memory opens minor illustrates falling rain snow descending phrases form reminiscent cello parts specified create unusual sound termed dark quotation der und und rain snow fall heaven return sung bass voice christ bach adaptation church following patterns presentation text highly personal style central movement soul treasure god word unique bach choir soprano prayer male times followed conclusion choir hear dear lord god marked flat major interspersed presented dramatically minor compares imagery adds vivid like portrayal rural society work devil villains turks compares movement setting text states hand bach contrast archaic new modern style male voice personal pleas faith resolution face multiple increasingly displays wider extravagant word painting rob persecution course aria soul treasure god word set soprano accompanied closes setting hymn stanza pray lord heart bach come typical conclusion selected recordings selection taken listing provided bach website roughly marked large red background voice green background large red period instruments historically informed performances green | Gleichwie der Regen und Schnee vom Himmel fällt, BWV 18 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
4094_Ihrwerdetweinenundheulen,BWV103 | und und shall church sunday easter called sunday bach composed second year leipzig performed april texts bach composed end second annual cycle leipzig based gospel reading farewell discourse jesus announcing leave says sorrow shall turned joy bach contrasts music sorrow joy notably unusual movement jesus choral setting architecture movement combines elements usual form text related older form bach scores unusual recorder instrument aria contemplating sorrow missing jesus addressed doctor shall heal wounds sins bach scores trumpet movement aria expressing joy predicted return jesus movements closes ninth stanza hymn history words bach composed leipzig sunday easter called prescribed readings sunday submit ordinance man peter gospel john jesus announcing second coming called saying sorrow shall turned joy john occasion bach composed later basis movement mass minor second year leipzig bach composed sunday easter returned varied texts possibly lost consecutive occasions period easter based texts series especially written bach possibly commissioned cycle composed time exceptional workload creating begins quotation gospel verse concludes ninth stanza hymn poetry reflects sequence movements sadness loss jesus joy predicted return bach edited writing considerably example movement lines bach performed april later performances revised instrumentation replacing scoring structure movements scored vocal alto tenor bass choir trumpet recorder violins viola chorus bass und tenor aria alto alto der angst aria tenor music begins minor illustrating sorrow movement shifts relative major key major illustrating theme text opening chorus unusual structure includes passage bass voice instruments trumpet play choral pictures text unrelated musical material rich great contrast following line die world conveyed chorus embedded repeat sequence repeated larger scale time renders lines text double second theme taken repeated entirety bass voice christ sings times sudden tempo change sad notes mere bars long context enormous dramatic impact bach lack respect conservative leipzig authorities dislike styles religious music apparent compares highly expressive melody harmony bach finally extended sequence chorus returns text sorrow shall changed joy according architecture movement large scale experiment combining elements older style text related form instrumental groups voices typically bach conducted notes bach strategy opposite moods binding mutually god conditions movement tenor concluding section deeply moving word movement doctor found aria alto according employs upwards underlying sense potential tragedy alto marks change scene begins minor like opening chorus major ends wide ranging marking word joy movement recover troubled feelings picks joyful supported trumpet orchestra notes trumpet bursts energy far work closed setting sung melody das bach frequently including matthew passion selected recordings table excerpt selection bach website recordings bass provided type choir orchestra roughly shown large group red background ensemble period instruments historically informed performance green background | Ihr werdet weinen und heulen, BWV 103 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
5173_ChristunserHerrzumJordankam,BWV7 | christ jordan christ jordan christ lord came jordan church composed leipzig baptist led performance june bach composed cycle second cycle started appointed based seven hymn christ jordan baptism stanza outer movements unknown inner hymn text movements movement followed succession alternating leading closing scored vocal alto tenor bass choir solo violins strings history words bach composed day june leipzig second annual cycle cycle begun weeks earlier sunday trinity cycle devoted lutheran hymns typically rendered keeping text stanza contemporary poet inner prescribed readings feast birth john baptist book voice preacher desert gospel luke birth john baptist luke hymn christ jordan jordan came lord christ associated feast topic differing readings baptism treated based biblical accounts starting christ baptism john baptist river jordan hymn tune bach text stanza hymn movement melody sung final movement setting seventh stanza hymn tune choral movements settings text hymn scoring structure seven movements scored vocal alto tenor bass choir solo violins second introduced later performance violins viola music seven movement begins ends sequence alternating closing setting bach increased number accompanying instruments second movement solo violins central movement strings sixth movement opening chorus christ jordan christ lord came jordan tenor melody voices sing free cycle bach given tune soprano second alto opening chorus resembles italian violin solo violin persistent rocking wave like idea waves jordan river compares vocal sections solo violin solo sections violin opposed sections orchestra interprets movement french baroque gestures suggest entrance jesus powerful flooding notes movement combines old style writing new type solo observes main violin solo episodes linked choral entries gradually assume larger proportions greater independence movement progresses aria und mark hear humans accompanied observes characteristic fast motif notes repeated cello flows downward bach usually motifs concludes represents pouring waters following given tenor dies hat mit god clearly provided words biblical command central aria sung tenor accompanied violins marked solo later performance des father voice heard notes music describes pair soaring violins flight holy spirit dove notes character movement appearances number symbol trinity trio voice violins triple time markedly time signature divided form solo sections variants single model presented opening concluding concludes sequence creates different forms musical substance evidently understood symbol bass voice christ jesus jesus passion speaks jesus passion resurrection accompanied strings similar words jesus bach matthew passion aria sung alto rich accompaniment people believe grace double violin human beings requested accept grace god pit hell closing final stanza hymn instruments playing das das eye sees water summary teaching baptism editions century got number published volume bach new bach edition included series volume published performance scores score translates title lord christ old jordan came selected recordings list recordings provided bach website type choir orchestra roughly shown large group red background ensemble period instruments historically informed performance green background | Christ unser Herr zum Jordan kam, BWV 7 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
5375_DuwahrerGottundDavidsSohn,BWV23 | und und true god son david church composed sunday performed audition piece position leipzig february sunday occasion music church quiet time lent bach movements ready audition leipzig added substantial movement derived lost passion late deals healing blind near anonymous author stayed close gospel having blind man jesus movement begging jesus pass second movement bach presents extended version lutheran mass scored vocal choir baroque instrumental ensemble strings bach possibly led audition performance work leipzig february probably sermon performed occasion february time reinforcing voices brass choir final movement history words bach probably composed sunday sunday lent known revised minor minor possibly adding movement test piece jesus die application position director church music leipzig prescribed readings sunday taken praise love gospel luke healing blind near luke authorship poetry unknown sunday meaningful chance perform music quiet time lent began theme assigned appeared print church order published assigned bach possibly led audition performance work leipzig february probably sermon unclear test performance revised version took place bach audition bach performed occasion february reinforcing voices brass choir final movement performed returned original key performed brass structure scoring bach structured movements duet soprano alto tenor chorus closing scored vocal choir baroque instrumental ensemble duration given minutes following table movements scoring keys follow bach version performed minor uses movement brass playing voices movement choir according bach scholar audition version reinforcement brass matching scoring audition piece originally composed version performed minor opening movement brass time signatures taken book bach scholar symbol common time played shown music bach combines elements writing expand range structural experimentation closing later addition melody incorporated earlier piece form theme text optimistic music sense underlying sadness describes greatest bach scholar notes opening duet duet passages chorus style bach secular written opening movement und true god son david somewhat enigmatic soprano alto voices assuming role blind man addressing jesus low active movement adapted form opening closing soprano line includes motive later emotional development awkward triple meters duet tenor pass similar bass jesus die major mode accompanied strings underlying vocal line movement adds instrumental rendition melody closing violin chorus eyes wait lord according dance like toe tapping major employing chorus restrained form free interspersed extended episodes tenor bass duet opening includes bach motif movement christ lamb god probably older movements originated lost passion calls set differently independent prelude strings verses verse marked instrumental motifs derived hymn tune appears soprano support lower voices second verse marked tune appears canon soprano violin verse returns minor tune soprano lower voices instruments play independent role strings support voices complex composition good preparation lent time passion bach conclude second version john passion recordings selection taken listing bach website | Du wahrer Gott und Davids Sohn, BWV 23 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
5748_IchbinvergnügtmitmeinemGlücke,BWV84 | mit mit content good fortune church composed solo soprano leipzig sunday led performance probably february bach composed work fourth year leipzig text similar text mit content position published certain wrote text thoughts content spirit beginning enlightenment expressed simple language closing 12th stanza hymn von mit works bach called bach structured work movements alternating closing scoring requires small ensemble soprano additional vocal parts baroque instrumental ensemble strings aria second aria dancing folk like character history words bach wrote solo leipzig fourth year director church music leipzig sunday lent called prescribed readings sunday taken race victory gospel matthew workers matthew bach composed occasion earlier years und und mit works bach called earlier years text related gospel general way christian content share good fortune fortunate title text similarities mit content position published unclear texts based available time composition changed bach scholar observes thoughts spirit beginning enlightenment praise god allocated satisfaction lack language longer baroque poetry imagery language simple rational closing 12th stanza funeral hymn von bach stanza bach led performance probably february scoring structure bach structured movements sequence alternating concluded bach scored work soprano choir baroque instrumental ensemble violins viola heading score reads means jesus help sunday bach added precise extra page mit soprano solo viola bach scoring modest appropriate weeks leading lent duration given minutes following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken book bach scholar symbol common time playing shown music vocal instrumental parts limited bach variety movements different instrumentation character opening aria mit das der content fortune dear god slow accompanied instruments reminiscent slow movement conducted bach pilgrimage noted project diary bach possibly content situation leipzig composed music portraying complexity music dynamic fluctuating capturing resigned moods notes aria compares content describes highly personal work solo soprano similar theme exploring comparable human emotions god owes second aria mit und das eat little bit bread joy leave neighbor dancing accompanied parts violin express vivid violin slightly simplified version text das und happy spirit heart gives praise observes aria depicts pastoral musical scene tribute enlightenment simple happy country life violin suggests voice leaps upward folk like character conveying notes notes notes closing turned major second sweat enjoy bread accompanied strings und live die trouble setting tune den interprets marking soprano solo soprano parts meaning instruments play voices selected recordings listing taken selection provided bach website following table large marked red background playing period instruments historically informed performance marked green background | Ich bin vergnügt mit meinem Glücke, BWV 84 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
5871_BereitetdieWege,bereitetdieBahn,BWV132 | die die die die prepare paths prepare road church composed fourth sunday advent led performance december bach taken regular composition year promoted court writing month performed court chapel die die fourth sunday advent court poet related day prescribed gospel reading testimony john baptist derives thoughts baptism preparation individual christian addressed limb christ bach structured music movements alternating scored small ensemble vocal parts strings voices combined closing fifth stanza hymn christ der music possibly different sheet lost replaced setting stanza different composition bach follows baroque imagery closely illustrating example water history words march bach appointed court reigning august assumed principal responsibility composing new works specifically palace church monthly schedule wrote fourth sunday advent dating prescribed readings sunday lord gospel john testimony john baptist john text written court poet published collection included fifth stanza hymn christ der aria passage book quoted prescribed gospel den prepare path lord passage appears beginning refers baptism way preparation individual christian addressed limb christ bach led performance december chapel revive work leipzig observed advent published edition edited structure scoring bach structured movements alternating concluded words scored small ensemble vocal soprano alto tenor bass violins viola cello including choir needed title score reads die die viola col duration given minutes music lost noted simple setting separate sheet similar case das composed weeks earlier practical purposes verse closing die following table movements scoring follows bach voices instruments list bach keys time signatures taken bach scholar symbol common time instruments shown separately winds strings playing shown music aria die die prepare paths prepare road form time signature accompanied ensemble soprano renders calls prepare ways measures conducted describes character movement grace fleet french adds reminiscent bach secular music aria concluded calls arrives tenor ask conscience contains extended passages stress der und christians crown glory die heavy stones sin voice times set imitation image following express unity achieved words mit unite faith bass aria ask conscience question posed priests gospel given bass jesus asked listener question cello plays role motif expresses question repeated movement vocal line derived expressive alto freely confess god highlighted chords strings solo violin accents alto aria christ members consider possibly inspired words christ gave new crimson robes white silk interprets effect water supports stating bach seldom opportunities creating musical images water mention act baptism starting point invention violin melody setting closing goodness lost taken die major selected recordings listing taken selection bach website roughly marked large red background voice green background large orchestra highlighted red instrumental groups playing period instruments historically informed performances highlighted green | Bereitet die Wege, bereitet die Bahn, BWV 132 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
6045_MeinHerzeschwimmtimBlut,BWV199 | english heart blood church composed solo soprano performed eleventh sunday trinity august text written published collection general topic looking redemption wrote series alternating included movement stanza hymn known bach composed work performed monthly productions eleventh sunday trinity august solo voice accompanied chamber orchestra strings singer expresses style similar baroque opera dramatic development feeling like monster god eyes bach revised work later performances leading different editions bach history words march bach appointed court orchestra reigning august assumed principal responsibility composing new works specifically palace church monthly schedule performed eleventh sunday trinity fifth series following prescribed readings sunday gospel christ paul duty gospel luke luke text concerns seeking finding redemption written based known bach knew personally access publication includes text solo der performed month stanza hymn integrated movement text person shows dramatic change person initially feeling monster god eyes finally feeling accepted god child text set music known bach knew composition text specific relation prescribed readings possible bach composed work promotion concert master regular sunday services like text bach performed august performed leipzig eleventh sunday trinity august solo work presented congregation point revisions performance minor minor changing viola service performed new work sermon bach recognises distinct versions version version leipzig version scoring structure structured movements scored chamber music solo soprano voice violins viola including version minor viola instrument movement title page parts version reads soprano solo viola leipzig version minor instead viola following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time playing shown music limited soprano voice bach variety musical expression movements accompanied strings movement accompanied solo voice treated dramatic close contemporary opera sets scene heart blood explains self obsessed sin pain abandonment abandoned soul sin sorrow finely wrought portray dramatically emotions ranging horror terror lonely resignation aria aria mute silent cries accompanied theme present movement middle section begins stress image und moist springs tears ends passage set described time appears stand final expression misery following god ends statement second aria und deeply filled regret dominated rich string sound passage leads aria expresses refined short painful introduces following hymn stanza begins musical echo heart swimming blood stanza work kind troubled child stanza flee published term troubled child good summary position human relation god wording conclusion deep wounds found salvation leads following voice accompanied viola leipzig version lively bach unusual melody based later hymn melody hymn treated string verses lay wounds introduces different mood final measures soaring uplifting prelude movement final aria joyful heart expresses joy cheerful long joyful comparable bach concludes expressed person highly personal makes clear dramatic journey misery redemption salvation horns drums drive message home needed highly private context selected recordings work recorded bach specialists listing taken selection provided bach website lists recordings red background colour roughly large orchestra green ensemble playing period instruments historically informed performance | Mein Herze schwimmt im Blut, BWV 199 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
7474_UnserMundseivollLachens,BWV110 | mouth laughter church composed christmas leipzig christmas day performed december bach composed year leipzig text published text alternating instead biblical quotations opening verses verse book god greatness finally angels song according gospel luke closing taken bach scored work vocal choir baroque instrumental ensemble transverse different kinds strings including derived chorus style french fourth orchestral suite vocal parts fast middle section song angels based christmas flat major chose instruments differentiate character tenor expressing birth alto representing god love trumpet strings bass sing songs joy bach led performances christmas day history words bach composed year leipzig christmas day day christmas celebration lasted days prescribed readings feast day god mercy appeared unto child born gospel luke angels song luke year leipzig bach composed new christmas day revived tag text free poetry biblical content year composed new works second feast day second year composed feast days beginning christ year bach text published collection began quotation verses deals hope delivery jerusalem lord turned captivity like dream joyful reaction poet included verse book praising god greatness quoted christmas story gospel luke singing angels luke early text biblical quotations alternate closing fifth stanza hymn bach led performance morning christmas day repeated afternoon led performance bach scholars believed written end war polish succession discovery printed text showed related published appeared complete edition composer works structure scoring bach structured seven movements opening chorus closing frame sequence duet bach scored work vocal soprano alto tenor bass choir baroque instrumental ensemble transverse violins viola including heading original parts reads viola means jesus help feast day birth christ violins viola voices duration given minutes following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken book bach scholar symbols common time playing shown music bach typically composed alternating contemporary poetry text work older style biblical texts interspersed bach followed different musical forms biblical quotations opening chorus verses adaptation fourth orchestral suite major duet der based christmas bach flat major performed christmas leipzig opening chorus mouth laughter calls instruments perform text concludes lord achieved great things people bach based music fourth orchestral suite major adding original music voices followed format french instrumental slow sections framing fast choral section french normally played arrival king performance suitable greet king heaven laughter mentioned text alfred words bach performed work later marked vocal sections achieving variety conducted interprets bach vote strict voice concept chose christmas concerts conclude year notes movement rendition laughter music innate touch tenor aria und thoughts accompanied transverse interprets choice symbol birth bass like lord accompanied strings accompany expressive line bass voice upward pointing gestures alto aria lord human accompanied solo expresses wonder nature man god interest aria aria parts idea man condition presented changed redemption bach scholar relates choice answer singer question man love duet der glory god highest combines high voices simple accompaniment singing god glory highest peace earth music based changing vocal lines different text retaining essentially lyrical character notes goodwill men expressed pastoral style voices parallels tenths bass aria und veins limbs final wake join praise angels trumpet add energetic music double strings rest dynamic effect passages reminiscent movement trumpet martial character imitated voice text refers strings winds rest closing praise god setting tune anonymous composer bach set tune close iii christmas stanza hymn glad selected recordings listing taken selection bach website roughly marked large red background instrumental groups playing period instruments historically informed performances highlighted green | Unser Mund sei voll Lachens, BWV 110 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
7483_MagnificatinE-flatmajor,BWV243a | flat major flat major musical setting latin text gospel luke composed movements bach revised work years later flat major major creating version performed today work scored vocal parts alto tenor bass baroque orchestra strings including work performed leipzig year bach assumed position embarked ambitious series compositions sung services feast days according recent research bach setting written performance july celebrating feast christmas year performed seasonal movements regular set music use bach contemporaries individual expression verse split dramatic effect carefully designed structure choral movements evenly distributed frame sets movements sung voices individual instrumental colour work concluded choral ends beginning text beginning bach leipzig period major work latin text vocal parts background bach beginning leipzig bach composed year leipzig music director main lutheran churches city worked previously promoted director music held secular position court applied post leipzig february performing written audition sunday lent april accepted post assumed sunday trinity presenting new movements week later led new die movements feast celebrated july weeks later feast day tenure leipzig new testament long regular daily services reformation kept provided german translation den bach basis den latin text permitted lutheran worship set music contemporary extended settings include works bach audience familiar text background leipzig latin sung high holidays christmas easter performed days celebration according scholars feast days included new year day feast ascension trinity sunday feast days composition history bach composed work year leipzig probably feast occasion presented work latin text choral setting leipzig voices funeral minor composed court dresden derived derived mass minor notes exception works lie outside normal routine bach sacred vocal works bach probably performed feast day july believed bach wrote christmas leipzig published genuine bach flat major genuine christmas music bach bach questioning christmas date favour year older sources naturally christmas performance example editor edition writes new obviously intending impress new employer congregation makes sense beginning bach tenure scholars follow arguments jones agrees received performance july weeks took leipzig post christmas year bach performed inserted songs praise related christmas partly german partly latin service december performed tag december der bach movement chant associated german version den year later bach composed feast den based compared settings possibly performed service july bach revised creating version better known today version major abandoned limited differences instrumentation include replacing including movements changes musical texture smaller harmony near end movement noticeable bach son followed example extended setting composing movements end father life scoring structure bach scored work reads viola translating jesus help violins viola voices voices alto tenor bass instruments baroque orchestra listed publication viola violins flat flat flat viola required aria movements bach structured text movements luke concluded twelfth movement verse assigned movement verse beginning soprano solo role mary movement switching fourth movement sung chorus generations mentioned structure alternating choral solo movements similar contemporary italian settings christmas hymn movements placed second fifth seventh ninth movement text choral movements evenly distributed structure numbers concluding movement choral movements accompanied orchestra exceptions add specific colour movement movements solo voices accompanied instrument strings bach church consecutive solo movements second richer scoring work contains typical baroque poetry similar leipzig complex structure short movements following table shows title voices instruments time key text sources movements inserted movements christmas note wind instruments listed playing christmas setting lowest line played violins viola described unusual column dig provides link bach digital database details scoring text christmas highlighted colour choral movements movements movements major mode movements opening movement soul lord performed voices instruments instruments present material continuous runs upper parts octaves broken bass enter parallels sing word literally makes great ending figure like stressed note stressed motif abbreviated fanfare figure notes low upbeat followed notes sing twice reaching flat fanfare shapes movement measure alto tenor begin imitate measure later bass adds short motif octave text remains movement voices conclude instruments close shortened version opening spirit god aria image personal celebration sung soprano accompanied strings major mode motifs joy instruments illustrate begins broken upward followed rest suggesting spirit sequence 16th notes longer illustrate salvation note requests christmas der choral follows regarded aria sung soprano looking aria contrast preceding slow movement minor mode writes downwards gesture takes long shaped movement downwards little rise end comments use limited resources wind instrument voice feel comments voice instrument share material duet hoc henceforth called blessed voice changes simpler style phrases turn upwards describes dialogue expecting church expecting sudden burst continuation verse completion sentence generations given chorus expressing praise compares crowd effect bach crowds bach movement follows principle start beginning measure voices enter half measure apart bass beginning measure entrance note higher covering octave symbol fast succession half measure final sequence beginning measure voices enter note beat apart unfinished chord general pause movement concludes repeating theme comments bach took idea separating words rest verse earlier models filled exciting sense drama entrances tremendous march key key leading tense finally dramatic pause statement est mighty great things aria sung bass accompanied motif beginning repeated notes introduced measures repeated voice repeated movement downward leap sixth downward scale octave appears voice word holy holy god shows bass voice dominant key flat major note requests second christmas follows mercy fear generation generation begins great contrast movement time played violins duet alto tenor beginning parallels staying movement theme resembles bach french suite minor compares music pastoral beginning bach christmas creating romantic soft edged sound jones remarks fear built partly quasi bass divine quality mercy expressed parallel thirds violins shown strength shares key scoring motifs movement based line octaves repeated 16th notes strength expressed irregular voice simultaneous calls voices tenor begins measures followed alto bass leading climax movement calls new text scattered appears voices broken material section isolated sequence highest voice lowest downward describes dispersed favour highly graphic dramatic portrayal words scattered conclusion thoughts hearts marked illustrates text long chords accents notes bach shows complete imagination strange incomplete wonderful harmonies trumpet playing highest available note image rich people hearts promises note requests christmas das belongs brought powerful aria tenor accompanied violins united powerful instrumental measures presents material motif later sung begins short upbeat long note followed straight downward scale final leap presents broken straight upward octave second motif later sung begins upbeat 16th followed rhythmic pattern expands lowest highest note moves steady steps motif sung picks rhythm second motif violins play downward motion sixteen continuous 16th fourth motif sequence measures sequence figure figure 16th slowly moving upwards singer takes violins accent end motif broken downward second thought verse lifted sung introduction measures includes downward runs steadily rising sequence ending similarly sequence motif modest downward line shorter tenor sings complete text slightly modified version considerably expanded nonetheless length repeated end filled hungry good things sung alto accompanied need hungry bach later play parallels thirds measures introduces motif moving steady quarter note measures later sung downward lines moving eighth notes later sent rich away latin word bach separates rests sound note silent note requests fourth christmas follows helped servant israel scored unusual combination highest voices violins trumpet text continues remembrance mercy played trumpet melody traditional setting german version ninth tone variant strings instruments play repeated notes measure moving step voices imitate gentle movement fifth long upbeat second fifth measure later measure later described scale themes contrast second idea verse theme bach repeats figure downward est mass minor interpreted symbol cross line drawn fourth note crosses second jones assumes strings divine quality mercy est according promise ancestors line written old style musical fathers strict voice following generation follows theme distinctly different measures repeated notes second flowing eighth notes quarter notes leaps fourth half notes sixth leaps octave second measure flowing eighth notes measure theme developed time voices enter second development soprano begins followed alto tenor bass movements ends section bass theme soprano sings long suspended notes covering octave sees bach musical portrays square exactly square thought german music bars follows bars voice coming time according extremely dull work concluded glory father performed ensemble parts addresses trinity glory given times bach shapes movement crowd scene presented major chord repeated times note second leading voices sing extended symbol trinity beginning upward moving lines measures half measure following voice leading son similar pattern soprano begins followed alto soprano tenor bass fourth leading holy spirit similar pattern voices follow ending long second beginning repeats material beginning work shortened frame jones points jones remarks bach observes pattern structure firstly contrasting blocks rhythms secondly lighter quicker conclusion triple time remarks bach similar pattern following year christmas later included mass minor christmas hymns bach inserted christmas tradition leipzig setting bach predecessor christmas extant connected scenic display christmas story representing angel multitude finally cradle song bach movements grouped volume written older musical styles movements heaven high come stanza hymn set parts flat major soprano singing melody long notes lower voices imitation motifs und celebrate set flat major common time independent pairs voices parallels resembles setting glory god highest set violins flat major text christmas story luke written fashion style found branch flowers duet soprano bass major time text longer hymn beginning like measures movement extant bach music different text christmas missing noticed similarity parts pieces reception history publication earliest sources performances july december including christmas parts kept berlin score flat major version bach published edited christmas hymns published appendix volume bach publication contained major version flat major version published flat major version edited published edition edited published critical edition based edition selected recordings bach composed work alto tenor bass listed table order recordings soprano listed recordings period instruments historically informed performances highlighted recordings 1960s combined version major christmas type orchestra shown ensemble period instruments historically informed performance green background recording major version christmas performance time reissued title christmas issued comparison recording title compare major recording christmas appeared titled bach recording conducted reviewed rushed energetic technically solid contributions chorus paced flow movement movement guardian wrote accounts typically thoughtful theatrical dramatically driven slightly laid approach takes edge quality solo choral singing careful shaping orchestral lines consort released recording flat major version context reconstructed christmas service heard leipzig recording includes organ music hymn singing | Magnificat in E-flat major, BWV 243a | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
7612_Achwieflüchtig,achwienichtig,BWV26 | insignificant church composed leipzig 24th sunday trinity performed november based hymn melody time bach hymn theme human life connection prescribed gospel reading stanza unchanged text tune treated closing unknown inner bach scored vocal choir baroque instrumental ensemble horn flute strings history words bach wrote second year leipzig 24th sunday trinity year bach composed cycle begun sunday trinity prescribed readings sunday prayer gospel matthew story daughter matthew based hymn melody meditation human life goods aspect connection gospel unknown poet retained stanza unchanged movements derived inner movements sequence alternating inner points bach late trinity season concentrate human life hopes bach performed november time hymn scoring structure bach structured movements text tune hymn appear unchanged outer choral movements closing frame sequence alternating bach scored work vocal soprano alto tenor bass choir baroque instrumental ensemble horn doubling soprano violins viola organ following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time music opening chorus insignificant instruments play music soprano sings line line lower voices act self contained group individual lines text end choral passage melodic formula derived beginning hymn bach illustrates imagery text motifs abrupt chords separated scale figures comments long statement hymn doubled bach establishes man life rising mist soon disperse fleet scales crossing joining dividing create mood compares instrumental music mist fog images imply movements wind air hears lower voices feeling power solidarity aria text quickly rushing water illustrated flute violin tenor voice fast flowing music musician required changing functions respond imitate echo double variously contributing alto die joy sadness images flowers speak grave bach scholar describes far reaching uneasy aria unusual trio accompanies bass das hang heart treasures comments scores dance dead supporting bass mock accompaniment pleasures men representing figures flame soon reduce ashes finally scales chords waves tear things apart sees connection runs movement points different function depicting thunder flames stormy seas destruction world descending scales played great force vocalist prominent images notably long word weird descending phrase end suggestive world chaos soprano die und highest glory expresses highest power escape death closing insignificant setting selected recordings listing taken selection bach website roughly marked large red background instrumental groups playing period instruments historically informed performances highlighted green | Ach wie flüchtig, ach wie nichtig, BWV 26 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
8736_AusderTiefenrufeich,Herr,zudir,BWV131 | der der depths lord church german composer composed makes bach earliest sources suggest earliest surviving work form current thinking earlier examples commissioned minister churches city bach worked time possibly written special occasion text based german version incorporates words bach music melodies larger structures bach shows interest characteristic career history words note score indicates work commissioned minister church allows work dated period bach living bach employed city main church involved extent performances civic ceremonies held service bach attended city council inauguration premiere closer personal relationship minister church godfather daughter born der described possibly bach surviving assumed written know wrote surviving previous post likely bach composing choral music bach took appointment performance work composition appears selection process recent scholarship suggests surviving composed based der gives originally hebrew text variants translation rendered depths english king james version closer translation german text bach deep depths anonymous possibly includes movements verses christ gut lutheran sir performed recorded work fifth sunday trinity known sure year bach performed speculation written special occasion publication bach ability composer recognised city council paid printing arranged publication later lost published composer lifetime der published bach complete edition bach works editor edited volumes bach time publication volume held position leipzig scoring structure singers bach scored work tenor bass choir bach gives aria early bach later came influence italian music combining bach direct indication singers envisaged choir performed singers recording known world bach performance voice approach recordings feature choir multiple voices choice use women singers bach original singers probably male recordings feature mixed exception version conducted boys voices lines choir instruments singers accompanied instrumental group consisting violin case singers question arises bach players violin given important solos suggesting example uses recording role provide accompaniment filling harmonies doubling vocal lines supports section doubling bass line plays independent line musical forms bach musical forms later example choral movements style composition bach excelled movements developed type singing text upper voice singing long notes called settings window future criticised structure saying offers evidence stage career composer difficulty large forms hand regards piece different later inferior structure scoring bach structured movements choral movements interspersed aria solo movements stanza sung simultaneously soprano text scored tenor bass choir small baroque instrumental ensemble violin following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time playing shown selected recordings following entries taken listing bach website roughly marked large red background voice green background instrumental groups playing period instruments historically informed performances highlighted green vocal voice | Aus der Tiefen rufe ich, Herr, zu dir, BWV 131 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
9694_Preise,Jerusalem,denHerrn,BWV119 | jerusalem den jerusalem den praise lord jerusalem sacred composed leipzig inauguration new town council performed august bach composed year leipzig months taking office end service annual event celebrating inauguration new town council held monday august text anonymous poet includes verses excerpt german focused authority gift god thanks past prayer future help structured movements choral alternating orchestra large representative addition strings bach led performance performed place premiere june opening celebrating anniversary recorded mention leipzig anniversary history words bach served music director leipzig compose music major churches public municipal functions celebrated annual church service monday august democratic election ceremonial transfer office council members appointed service year texts related prescribed biblical gospel readings service bach count entire council employer listening probably civil servants representatives administration region notes opportunity bach sacred music direction present composer bach occasion leipzig early career written equivalent service surviving extant composed occasion partly lost composed occasion man der adapted earlier wedding homage probably adapted occasion text written unknown included verses lines german suit event written turned hymns praising god leipzig prosperity asking protect city future bach led performance august scoring structure bach structured movements choral movements frame movement alternating scored vocal soprano alto tenor bass choir orchestra playing violins viola following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken bach scholar symbol common time instruments shown separately winds strings playing shown music music written bach work scoring unusual characterised character attributes homage music opening chorus form french fanfare like trumpet bass bach created work musical terms corresponds sacred music type secular music court required time office final movements bach use simple forms emphasize work character church implying powers god supreme ruler entitled word opens french unusual featuring chorus faster middle section time style played king entourage entered performance bach music expresses similar respect authority town councils slow opening typical rhythms shows remarkable versus rest orchestra chorus appears middle section proclaiming verses jerusalem den praise lord jerusalem uses techniques paired entries coda section analysis bach probably instrumental piece composed earlier characteristic upward run word added later text addresses jerusalem leipzig congregation understood city introduces topic land blessed land fortunate city town blessed god reigns present rhythm introduce tenor aria vocal entry der good fortune people reference leipzig called bass stand dear city introduced concluded fanfare like trumpet line wind instruments add colour middle section unusual movement leipzig congregation alto aria die authority god gift accompanied minor mode movement presents high repeated notes beginning midway theme episodes conclusion movement movement effect trio soprano nun und acknowledge bring expresses thanks god gift burden people serving town council year succeed choral movement confirms der hat lord good things movement structured like aria opening repeat contrasting middle section long theme features trumpet melody played times movement voices enter lowest highest additional instruments lead climax middle section motifs played voices fanfare motif appears bach later bass aria und christmas bach scholar assumes reflecting secular character hunting signal fanfare movement derived earlier homage short alto finally established people adventurous ends ninth stanza german christ help people lord jesus christ prayer help preservation setting touches performance material survived score movements appear free space movement provides setting mentioning instruments play voice additional parts ending match opening selected recordings table excerpt selection bach website grouped roughly large red background bach choir dedicated bach music founded mid-20th century boys choir male voices medium size large red background bach orchestra dedicated bach music founded mid-20th century period instruments green background performed opening concert june celebrating years recorded mention leipzig anniversary line festival motto occasion stand dear city performed conducted | Preise, Jerusalem, den Herrn, BWV 119 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
9934_DieElendensollenessen,BWV75 | die die miserable shall eat church composed sunday trinity performed leipzig complex work parts seven movements marks beginning annual cycle bach composed decisive turning point career positions churches courts assumed post leipzig sunday trinity performing began ambitious project composing new occasion year work structured unusual layout movements symmetrical parts performed sermon unknown poet begins text quotation departs ideas wealth poverty rich poor illustrates contrasts focus second poor rich spirit parts concluded stanza hymn das background served churches courts applied post leipzig years old reputation organ expert composed church notably funeral begun project cover occasions year providing month years including works history words bach composed sunday trinity performed service position responsible education performances regular services started project composing sunday holiday year termed artistic undertaking largest scale prescribed readings sunday god love john gospel luke rich man luke unknown poet begins verse verse bible shall eat satisfied shall praise lord seek heart shall live connecting gospel old testament starting point later occasion break bread hungry begins similarly quotation poet expands contrast und wealth poverty rich poor fourteen elaborate movements arranged parts performed sermon poet expands contrast und wealth poverty rich poor parts concluded stanza hymn das stanza movement stanza movement score written non leipzig paper probably bach lived leipzig chronicle reported social event mit music performed good applause music good applause means great approval hands different translation renders note new director come prince court produced music great success scoring structure structured parts seven movements performed sermon scored vocal soprano alto tenor bass choir trumpet violins viola including parts seven movements composed arrangement alternating concluding opened instead chorus duration given minutes following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time instruments shown separately winds strings playing shown music bach marked occasion creating opening chorus reminiscent french slow section rhythm fast chose form year later begin second annual cycle composition seen prelude large scale prelude sections separated short interlude way according different ideas text words heart shall live subject developed times separated accompanied strings voice instruments share themes considered suite french dance movements tenor soprano aria alto aria bass aria aria trumpet opens setting accompanies bass adding words und heart believes loves music identical tune simple setting bach later voices embedded orchestra led violin instrumental theme derived line tune beginning rare bach especially remarkable melody tune played trumpet silent string setting emphasizing das god selected recordings list recordings provided bach website type choir orchestra roughly shown large group red background ensemble period instruments historically informed performance green background | Die Elenden sollen essen, BWV 75 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
10159_Connotations(Copland) | classical music composition symphony orchestra written american composer aaron commissioned commemorate opening hall new_york_city united_states piece marks departure populist period began includes works famous represents return style composition wrote end studies french return europe great depression work orchestra style heard music french composer adapted method piano quartet composer produced orchestral works contemporary purely symphonic work symphony written received negatively premiere style overall impression time critic later longer mood composer accused critics role populist composer favor younger composers impression music held contemporary relevance denied accusation asserted written tone work options available written blame initial failure ascribed biographer harsh conducting known classical music community long time champion music programmed composer pieces frequently living composer performances mainly works composer populist period conductor sympathy comfortable pieces performed work purely service old friend apparently unable interpret work subsequent performances european tour concert showed situation changed bad played work lack success premiere recent performances led acknowledged music positive light overall reputation music remains mixed critics including composer remained critical work considered use serial techniques detrimental later music include critics seen proof continued growth composer work melodic potential difficulty overall listeners background aaron wrote fulfill commission opening concert new home hall slated completion inauguration considered especially guest list concert white tie gala follow chairman secretary state governor united_nations secretary general prominent figures arts included general manager actress noted composers attend included united_states president wife invited initial inability attend caused voiced support american culture minute said internationally known composers accepted contribute music opening new piece heard compositions included composer french composer farewell soprano orchestra american composer purely symphonic piece symphony penned orchestral works number genres 1940s 50s according commission testified status creative figure close relationship american public position unique american composers derived populist works written 1930s 1950s public works ones developed populist style increasingly written called difficult private style style increasing non began work early gain composing time cancelled trip determined stay home entire year accepted invitation japan early conference combined trip conducting engagements seattle vancouver june wrote mexican composer working day night symphony commission movements finished half went mexico invitation partly conduct mainly compose wrote american composer july finished having trouble finding title new work completed piece september time orchestra rehearsals considered form work wrote concluded classical masters undoubtedly provide tone appropriate occasion decided offer contemporary note reflect tensions aspirations drama inherent world today tension explained inherent nature structures general character piece composition instrumentation scored symphony orchestra augmented percussion complete ensemble includes flute doubling second flat bass doubling horns drums metal sheet triangle temple block bass drum snare drum tenor drum piano doubling strings form typical performance work lasts minutes tone style composition introduced certainly known forms musical technique wrote felt express tensions aspirations drama time overall structure comes closest free treatment baroque form composer wrote succession variations based opening chords implied melodic intervals variations alternate fast slow sections way piano variations creates complex structure overall structure based straightforward arch form reminiscent strings composed biographer calls sections tragic sections sic section pastoral reflective moods long familiar listeners music asserts new darkness hangs outer sections grave sections pastoral contrast weary peaceful music lost uncertain trapped piece ends series strict note chords called significance title american composer confused initially musical form work title clear indication said told found abstract explained men later wrote selecting title took dictionary meaning word imply meanings addition primary impetus musical exploration entire composition derived harsh chords begins chords contained notes note row work based spelled horizontally composer later wrote supplied versions lyrical discourse skeletal frame row told diamond primary meaning denoted area explored course piece subsequent treatment explained seeks implications come flash composer gradually uncover listener free discover meanings including suspected author resemblance works second edition orchestral works said written grand manner quoting composer words symphony works category symphonic ode symphony biography composer similarity ode overall length single movement form tone hard edged orchestration writes earlier works intent write different grand dramatic statement calls works transitional pieces stand different styles works prove notes states symphony challenging grasp reception premiere september sent shock waves world music according reaction initial audience according near silence noted general impression premiere music considered important sound new concert hall effort present bland traditional occasion distinguished audience appreciated time states emblem success eyes american public fact written tone composition occasion audience won years hard effort public overall impression critic writes book rest noise longer mood sudden rage urge confront gala audience old revolutionary remembers harmonies score upset good people especially expecting spring left unable taken backstage meet composer later asked wife american composer meant fine answered aaron obvious hated piece variety called assault audience nervous systems added seldom reviewer heard outspoken comment dull response strictly accurate declare audience paying seat mood self hated reminder ugly realities inflation cold war music talking minority apparently listeners felt right music time place composer states think wrote exactly piece wanted write wanted statement new hall new_york wasn going temple easy listening place music making music writer editor magazine told think right place people occasion properly related sounds good deal like certain aspects building big clear long lined sounds like familiar music characteristic identifying moods perfectly apparent special critics critics positive wrote work turning point career powerful score tone style liberated new stores creative energy write new piece difficult work like music difficult understand hearing piece flesh skin good deal arresting dismissed thought long content completely charm telecast concert telecast live national_broadcasting_company nbc audience million viewers program nbc asked talk television audience cameras alternated shots composer manuscript score said things listening new work important thing lend way try sensitive overall feeling new piece gives second way listen awareness general shape new piece realizing composer works musical materials architect works building materials order construct makes sense discussed work briefly detail surprise lecture taken explanation majority television audience letters poured nbc broadcast united_states read night criterion expected called center jungle culture read dear shame shame shame european tour recording conducted week regular concerts included pieces orchestra played european tour february despite composer claim european premiere successful new_york reception reviews remained mainly negative comments mere din london audience gave work lengthy ovation responded conduct work encore cries ensued added different style conducted ballet release new_york performance columbia_records fared better found music dull called grim able hear work live sampled recording wrote orchestra sounded september disc ear piercing columbia recording released carter orchestra factors initial failure composer admitted possessed severe somewhat intellectual tone expect immediate success hoped music intensity drama lend appeal maintained realize range composer includes accessible problematic works composer notes tone remark listeners factor initial failure negative initial reaction claimed conducting especially works overcome deep seated gut reaction contemporary composers relate generous enthusiastic support frequent programming works tenure adams suggests partly reaction works tone school confronted american composer terms work written alien performance conduct televised national audience claims found boring kept program solely duty old friend despite musical adams claims conductor generally remained open minded curious try world difficult works led boston carter orchestra new_york despite apparent lack identification carter music described composer brilliant mind intelligent musician conducted week regular concerts included pieces orchestra played european tour february commission subsequent orchestral work conduct concert advocacy chance length apparently remained work conduct critic review performance writes remained piece hands sounded problems renovated attempt improve sound wrote know masterpiece thing certain friends admitting work written objective abstract style suggested bad played work failure premiere orchestra night augmented large chorus perform movement pushed orchestra forward normal playing position sound bad bad bass response hall plagued echoes musicians stage reported hear great ensemble general sounded like cheap set bass speakers circuit composer efforts conducted united_states included engagement series san_francisco concerts spoke audiences writes humorous accounts work adverse effect letter writers heard original performance person asked brass section illustrate opening chords strings sounded knew audience sympathetic purpose sell work demonstrate revival decade premiered work succeeded music director conducted orchestra year anniversary hall subsequently renamed later according years allowed time change audience perceptions better review new_york_times wrote time audience rise revolt added composer cause helped memory serves better performance given kind music brought drama quality analysis orchestral work serial principles composition serial tone music stated carried built certain drama sense strain tension inherent extended use new tensions continued different thinking composer embrace serial technique stretch 1920s penchant sour intervals like contrary charge premiere wrote tone work impress younger composers actually begun method time american composers serial works piano quartet noted critics traced similarity pieces piano variations claimed conversation variations start interest serial writing doesn use tones use seven hope consistently logical way prior interview related early work founder tone composition time wrote come view serial composition like looking picture different point view hope technique changed viewpoint said began hear chords wouldn heard thinking new way moving tones allowed synthesis serial non serial practices long concerned previously felt impossible attain challenge said faced composed construct overall line continuity dramatic force inherent unity stated faced similar challenge orchestral variations orchestration added techniques supplied building blocks supply blocks eventually form critic lamented yield tone music serial serial inspired music considered academically viable music utilizing common practice especially europe contemporary critics felt trying retain place apex american classical music scene academic standards suggests appeared critics sacrificed hard won unique public appeal alienated modernist stance composer american composers import style europe mid twenties critics overlooked possibility populist period represented style time piece appreciated widely audiences opera tender land fared original revised forms choreographer produced ballet despite fact commissioned major orchestral works 1960s impact audiences fit populist modernist parts output aware hold high place previously writes years young composers fascinated anymore nonetheless want told american composer people want american idea want wants american composer told friend young composers today wouldn caught dead folk tune heard considerable new music association wanted left time totally home don feel comfortable tone system don want repeating ballet choreographer noted based literary themes received permission use music ballet fall hamlet hamlet affair staged january title role danced ballet received poorly ineffective choreography critic noted restless music reflected ballet story legacy despite initial reception listed billboard magazine works continued programmed subsequent performances received positively reaction work remains mixed ross dismisses piece calls listening like times adams calls style simplistic generally unpleasant sounding adds tone composition natural aid composer kyle calls big good imagination constrained technique positive note davis wrote performance work remains composition adopts serial procedures produce sequence typically called work beautifully energy variety thought heard conduct piece wrote anxious angry vision majesty hidden dark piece heard performance recordings performances recorded longer available recently orchestra recorded work direction new world records | Connotations (Copland) | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
10975_Threni(Stravinsky) | est usually referred simply musical setting verses book latin solo singers chorus orchestra important compositions longest completely work performed described culminating point career artist important ambitious structurally complex religious compositions greatest works composed performed september performance paris months later disaster attributed inadequate performers insufficient rehearsals led mutual work published recorded recording conducted composer intended concert use chose text freely early chapters book movements large central movement surrounded shorter ones composed setting acknowledged influenced considered likely works renaissance composers including influenced studied music history composed summer spring beginning august piano nightclub hotel staying venice completing march year performed september hall venice dedicated performance director recently died paris performance november disastrous according failed undertaking obtain adequate performers obtain broke times audience response refused return bow gradually descended said conduct paris felt called concert writing diary immediately performance concert life blaming result adds promised failed share blame concert despite pleas family friends including wife conceding performance insisted fact participate piano rehearsals tried vain persuade firm singers concluded good conductor terribly conductor problems singers compounded orchestra ill prepared craft agreeing singers absolutely awful protested chosen agent charge festival conducted recording january recording reissued times published forms release works sony published conducting score difficult shortage bar lines asked said voices rhythmic bar lines cut line recommended conductor merely count music counts revised edition changes barring issued tone technique earlier 1950s exclusively orchestration scored soprano tenor bass chorus orchestra second doubling alto bass horns alto tenor bass piano strings actually listed publisher orchestration list head score specification score instruments named italian called french german alto played french word italian general attributes text wrote venice use chose words suit musical purposes complete text included analysis text includes hebrew letters begin verses chapters set chorus likened series illuminated initials manuscript musical style described treatment pitch kind contrasting repetition ballet scores makes extensive use uses chanting choir time score calls large orchestra uses preferring small groups individually selected instruments time principal tone row makes considerable use possibilities row use tone technique depth work relying free combination selection repetition character music actually different earlier works beginning example especially repeated notes alto solo repeated response chorus recalls les short passages strings chorus near beginning setting hebrew letters reminiscent places influences work likely influenced choir composed published year said liked work read treatise tone shows contact decision rely beat section instance finds expressive like acknowledging studied settings works believe influenced music observed example male quartet episode probably suggested sum things better characterized influences series structures found sketches differs fundamentally row actually relevance unclear movements movements corresponding chapters texts work taken following summary detailed musical analysis complete latin text english king james version bible available thesis short orchestral introduction movement begins words begins prophet music sets chapter verses hebrew letter verse movement uses text chapter hebrew letter preceding block verses longer movements combined divided sections complaint uses verses sense hope uses verses uses verses far shortest movement work begins words prayer prophet music sets chapter verses hebrew letters associated text discography est conducting bass columbia conducting recorded january new_york recording new_york columbia_records reissued choral works recorded legacy set cbs reissued vol set sony reissued disc sacred works vol set sony classical new_york symphony simon international piano quartet percussion ensemble soprano soprano tenor soprano soprano recorded january recorded january recorded june recorded abbey road studio london england new_york requiem soprano alto tenor tenor bass bass recorded october classics | Threni (Stravinsky) | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
11517_Magnificat(Rutter) | musical setting biblical completed extended composition seven movements soprano soprano solo mixed choir orchestra chamber ensemble based latin text interspersed rose lovely rose anonymous english poem themes beginning prayer mary music includes elements latin american music composer conducted performance hall recording published rose lovely rose separately set music regular catholic anglican work extended settings bach composition critical reception mixed orchestration brilliant colourful music magical spell peace experiencing virtual encyclopedia musical predictable exercise history text song mary new testament mary sings song occasion visit elizabeth narrated gospel luke luke daily catholic services anglican evening prayer followed tradition setting music especially work structures text movements different character composed commission concert organisation new_york performing hall choir voices selected united_states inspired celebrations mary hispanic cultures conceived work bright latin addition latin text chose 15th century poem compares mary rose movement beginning inserted mentioning holy text movement interspersed prayer mary maria holy mary help need supplied singing version english complete work music scoring composer wrote poetic praise joy trust god ascribed luke virgin mary learning birth christ familiar loved texts inclusion catholic office musical settings surprisingly time text extended treatment long wished write extended sure approach found starting point association text virgin mary countries spain mexico puerto_rico feast days virgin opportunities people streets celebrate singing dancing images outdoor celebration think mind wrote fully conscious fact till conscious following bach example adding text lovely old english poem rose prayer maria strengthen connection sung chant cum movement composition occupied weeks early took place year hall new_york notes work features common bach setting repeat material movement use chant melodies devote reflective verses insert additional text bach work texts related christmas scored work female soprano soprano times represents mary mixed choir usually divided parts offers versions orchestra chamber ensemble orchestra consists brass horns percussion percussion snare drum crash suspended strings strings chamber version replaces brass organ uses flute horn percussion orchestra version strings minimum violins second violins cello double bass required movements following table shows title tempo marking voices time key text sources seven movements information given beginning movements frequently shifts tempo key time source details vocal score noted work opens short instrumental major marked bright joyful alternating time simple achieved dividing measure orchestra chorus bach structured verses movements different scoring verses choral movement treating different ideas different motifs setting repeating verse end soprano alto enter soul lord vocal motif leaps major sixth rises higher repeated times different combinations voices second verse spirit sung soprano alto parallels men repeat similarly god characteristic figure lower repeated work god mentioned conclusion idea god expressed descending line alternating rhythm measure alternating women voices sequences short marks end second verse beginning verse regarded low estate rendered simpler sequences repeated rhythm coloured parallel continuation henceforth shall blessed builds similar fashion parts divided climax movement word blessed happy marked text generations given sequences descending lines alternating measure bass sings line tenor adds sequence sustained notes rising step step fifth bach treatment text entry theme step covering octave measures repeat text motifs verse concludes movement ending accents cut short inserted anonymous english poem 15th century rose lovely rose second movement marked flowing chant singing flexible times mode poet jesus rose mary comparable seen rose bush branches star kings fall devil power heaven stanza asks mary shield bond lines rhyme set variations old tune short refrain sung soprano immediately repeated soprano alto tenor voices lovely repeated stanza soprano tenor fourth stanza appears different parts time final prayer slightly different stanza rose began spring sung bass second alto angel heaven tower alto fourth star tenor bass fifth bass sixth sprang hell parts seventh sprang heaven soprano alto final prayer pray parts mighty great things ideas verse marked choral movement major opens rhythms features french measures repeated times interrupted repeated times beginning marked piano adding motif higher time increasing volume intensity second idea verse holy builds similarly alto begins marked sweet calm melody measures beginning like flowing alto keeps singing sustained notes soprano tenor sing melody canon measure apart bass soprano sing canon measure apart soprano fifth higher finally sustained notes sung bass voices continue imitation movement closed chant like accompanied taken cum mercy fear generation generation sung soprano repeated choir motif alternating measure eighth notes measure long note dominates movement middle section chorus continues material picks text motif strength begins irregular energetic rhythms sing short dominates movement marked voices join lowest highest thought continued arm process similar movement voices build bass divided soprano scattered proud imagination hearts presented fast movement mighty seats rendered steady beat bass tenor alto great contrast soprano begins rising melody low degree joined voices movement devoted rest text filled hungry sung supported continuous eighth notes time orchestra answered chorus composition closed glory father music based movement repeating rhythm building bass prayer addressing mary asking support humanity including clergy women sung sustained chords orchestra final beginning repeats material beginning work initial motif descending lines ending performance recording publishing performance conducted composer hall conducted recording performance lasts minutes reviewed reportedly performance west_coast master conducted described piece virtual encyclopedia musical long predictable exercise heard influence composers work published composer provided optional english version latin parts rose lovely rose published individually reviewer notes joy experienced soon mother good balance intimate melodies understanding voice ends orchestration brilliant colourful lots trumpet spirit music reviewing recording chamber version conducted faster dynamic sections rely heavily formulaic use rhythms instrumental colours set lyrical passages finest specifically notes music magical spell peace highlight entire disc moments greatest inspiration work | Magnificat (Rutter) | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
11555_DieHimmelerzählendieEhreGottes,BWV76 | die die die die english heavens telling glory god composed church leipzig second sunday trinity year performed june bach composed decisive turning point career moving posts service churches courts town leipzig sunday trinity began project composing new occasion year began annual cycle unusual layout movements symmetrical parts performed sermon die die structure unknown poet begins text quotation refers prescribed readings great banquet gospel bach scored trumpet symbol god glory performed sermon communion wrote chamber music viola dealing devotion parts closed stanza hymn background served churches courts applied post leipzig years old reputation organ expert composed church notably funeral begun project cover occasions year providing month years including works nun der history words bach composed second sunday trinity performed service june week took position leipzig similar respects earlier work probably begun composed leipzig according manuscript mark beginning bach annual cycle started compose sunday holiday year project described artistic undertaking largest scale prescribed readings sunday doesn love remains death john gospel luke great banquet luke unknown poet likely leipzig movements arranged symmetrical parts performed sermon begins words verses bible heavens declare glory god shows speech language voice heard connecting gospel old testament poet expands movements thought universe praising god creation following movements following gospel nonetheless people follow invitation god invite von allen streets movement says closes stanza performed sermon sermon communion talks duties follow god invitation pass love christ order achieve heaven earth thought expressed reading stanza closes work conducted evaluated work connected bach leipzig clearly sequel previous sunday die form revealing thematic continuity extended weeks plentiful cross referencing set obvious parallels injunction hungry love manifested action described works featuring lutheran interpretation noted depth uses eating drinking highlighting rich man table tried gather fallen standing opposition great supper god invitation christ banquet eternal life pieces wrote evidently lot thought pre planning gone bach discussions unknown possibly representatives leipzig clergy set style tone narrative shaping impressive works scoring structure structured parts seven movements performed sermon scored vocal soprano alto tenor bass choir trumpet violins viola viola parts seven movements composed arrangement alternating concluding opened instead chorus duration given minutes following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time instruments shown separately winds strings playing shown music similar opening chorus bach sets sections comparable prelude large scale instrumental complete prelude trumpet calls tell glory god major develops subject twice starting voices entrance trumpet similar development chorus composed later twice mass minor set words major creation strings accompany voice motifs middle section words evoke spirit god moving face waters trumpet bass voice convey tribe strings possibly illustrate leads bach violin play setting voices separates lines trumpet anticipating line follow plays motif derived line begins trumpet announcing god glory starts intimate chamber music scale viola concentrating devotion minor instruments reminiscent bach compositions court french marked bach music movement later organ trio calls movement effect tenor aria illustrates hate hate hostile race entry bass line leaps rests viola return accompany aria qualities voice instruments create feeling peace music closing identical selected recordings listing taken selection provided bach website type choir orchestra roughly shown large group red background ensemble period instruments historically informed performance green background | Die Himmel erzählen die Ehre Gottes, BWV 76 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
13022_LobedenHerrn,meineSeele,BWV143 | lobe den praise lord soul early known composed new year day date composition unclear unknown drew mainly hymn christ develop seven movements supplying movements text assembly similar bach early bach authorship doubted features unusual bach later bach combine seven movements combine major text sources hymn contemporary poetry opening chorus based verse followed hymn stanza verse aria poetry followed verse aria followed aria poetry simultaneously quotes hymn tune movement combines elements stanza hymn vivid closes history text bach wrote new year day feast christ prescribed readings day faith inherit gospel luke naming jesus days birth text taken unknown hymn christ written text compiled verses verse movement verse movement verse movement hymn movement final movement movements free poetry hymn tune sounding movement text structure bach scholar dates work oldest manuscript written bach death disputed suggest bach work nature lack authoritative original music earlier work alternatively written bach parts likely choruses bass aria added amended composers conducted remarks stylistic similarity text structure bach early written sees similar musical expression inauguration new town council written assume composed occasion year later proposes earlier work apprentice piece written bach direct bach biographer written performed new year day according recent research performed day christmas scoring structure scored vocal soprano tenor bass choir baroque instrumental ensemble listed winds violins viola bach combine structured seven movements begins chorus verse followed stanza hymn sung soprano verse rendered tenor followed tenor aria free poetry verse set bass aria answered tenor aria free poetry instrumental quotation hymn tune closed hybrid movement combines like stanza hymn vivid closing following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time playing shown music opening chorus verse lobe den praise lord soul short fanfare figures development employs theme dominant chords incorporating descending sequence voices sing soprano christ prince peace lord jesus christ accompanied violin vocal line accompanied active violin following circle line reaches double soprano entrance tenor verse des der fortunate help god jacob short considered fourth movement tenor aria free verse thousand fold terror vocal line convoluted angular reflecting themes fear death suggests themes suggest poet images texts notes lack integration bass aria tenth verse lord king employs motif similar short limited range development variation voice accompanied horns strings illustrating god power sixth movement tenor aria free poetry jesus flock characterized layered scale instrumental accompaniment voice perform trio tune heard violins organ stop closing chorus employs stanza think lord time office soprano composed typical setting lower voices sing lively contrasting derived recordings bach die bach english baroque vol complete | Lobe den Herrn, meine Seele, BWV 143 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
13065_Waswillstdudichbetrüben,BWV107 | church composed leipzig seventh sunday trinity performed july based words hymn seven bach structured seventh work cycle seven movements framing choral movements unusual sequence scored work vocal choir baroque chamber ensemble horn reinforce hymn tune outer movements transverse strings known work cycle kept original words unchanged history words bach composed leipzig seventh sunday trinity prescribed readings sunday romans speak human terms human limitations wages sin death gift god eternal life romans gospel mark feeding mark based hymn seven focused trust god facing adversaries including devil trust god theme gospel unusually second cycle text changed middle movements kept versus middle movements composed treatment decidedly old fashioned bach time earlier christ later der repeated second cycle assumes bach imposed restriction restriction place soprano alto tenor bass cycle comments seventeenth century design composing unchanged text compared settings bach prepared life consistently difficult example choosing incorporate seven obscure bach rises challenge overcome limitations confined structured hymn publication music devoted heart included bach matthew passion described correct elegant applied religious subjects distinguished great depth feeling intense love earnest self conscious bach performed seventh extant second annual cycle july scoring structure bach structured seven movements beginning ending closing usually unusual sequence setting poetic hymn scored vocal soprano tenor bass choir baroque chamber ensemble support tune outer movements violins following table movements scoring follows bach keys given version time signature provided symbol common time music opening chorus wish trouble vocal embedded independent instruments melody long notes partly embellished soprano horn lower voices set lines rendered separately bar form text combined combined single combined scoring relatively rich der god accompanied shows extended word joy final line rescue following composed typical parts bach variation changing voice type key time signature varies mode alternating major minor keys expresses different successfully bar form aria dare depicts hunting scene bass strings bach plays double meaning german word text sense achieve great expresses word literal meaning hunt outrageous hunting bass aria following follow bar form poem structures second aria der hell tenor begins strong words enemy der der und wider hell wishes set vent rage calls music vivid pen portrait delivered typically lutheran rhythm measure change irregular unpredictable bass line marked animated angular huge dragon aria arranges honor soprano begins embellished version tune line quotes tune exactly words das god wants happens fourth aria drum devote scored tenor muted violin melodic style significantly different melody song like closing lord grant honor set parts voices embedded rich orchestral lines grouped stanza highlighting line und father son spirit miniature selected recordings table entries list recordings selection bach website roughly marked large red background playing period instruments historically informed performances marked green | Was willst du dich betrüben, BWV 107 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
14042_Robertlediable | robert robert robert devil opera acts composed written robert regarded grand operas paris superficial connection medieval legend opera immediately successful night november dramatic music harmony orchestration melodramatic plot star singers sensational stage effects compelled audience seen theatre doubt reached level shown robert masterpiece immortal robert initiated european fame composer consolidated fame launched reputation new director new genre opera influence development ballet frequently mentioned discussed contemporary french literature robert continued favourite opera houses world nineteenth century period neglect began revived end twentieth century background early studies germany worked italy studied opera dominated wrote italian operas moderately successful performances european countries success europe including paris persuaded thirty years old ambition base paris seek suitable opera launched mentions robert diaries february announced april passed censor music entrusted composer having acquired brilliant reputation germany italy extending country works successfully represented fabricated basis old legends father alleged versions son devil outline variety melodramatic incidents plot reflected fantastic legendary elements fascinated opera public taste evolved paris production french version robin des features doubtful hero befriended demon promising success originally planned act theatre stopped work opera theatre underwent financial difficulties august composer agreed work act form meet requirements entailed significant storyline reducing essentially comic role act final version antics including spending money continued earlier meant traditional pairing lovers robert paralleled lower class alice swept aside favour concentration sensational story line robert ancestry contract opera grand opera acts seven scenes signed director december completed composition work spa belgium june july characterisation grand opera placed succession tell new genre composer undertook work opera early converting spoken passages adding ballet episodes including act ballet prove opera great suggested replace original scenario set rewrote major male roles robert suit talents respectively performance history premiere seasons paris opera premiered november paris success owed opera star singers robert provocative ballet act featuring great choreography ballet elaborated father audience delight scene conveyed reviewer revue des crowd mute shades arches women cast costume shake cold powder grave suddenly throw past life dance like play like lords drink like pleasure light women set ballet innovative striking design introduced technical innovations staging including english traps sudden appearance disappearance ghosts led complain spectacle pushing music background danced times paris replaced danced role times invitation debut age role alice july cast included suffering stage falcon managed sing aria error finished role ease tragic demeanor dark looks highly appropriate vivid impression public included night victor hugo hearing role declared opera complete april opera received performances paris sang role robert replaced premier tenor like role approve alternative impressed newcomer mario wrote new aria robert performed debut revival opera november mario debut launch successful career singing revival included alice death opera performed times paris early performances outside paris succession representations europe americas launched international fame version opera title father presented london theatre royal february original version appeared june year version given new_york april opera reached berlin dublin brussels copenhagen vienna amsterdam saint_petersburg obtained american performance original french new_orleans italian versions given lisbon florence took particular care london berlin productions travelled london check singers production original version requested german translation berlin undertaken poet strongly recommending father engaged sets reproduced danced sets retained translation eventually carried friend hell wrote additional ballet music berlin production danish choreographer august saw performance paris based choreography copenhagen choreography fully preserved represents record original attended london performance robert opera musically despised order hear british debut role alice music critic wrote write smile enjoyment talent unlimited turned round looked load anxiety taken mind twentieth century early twentieth century operas gradually disappeared stage partly expense partly supporters opera perfect cast robert commented young people understand taken influence seriously productions robert included new_orleans nice paris barcelona production second world war florence shortened version cast including revival paris alice performance new production mounted century performance new critical edition robert presented berlin state opera march robert alice conducted new production opera directed premiered london december time performed roles synopsis plot opera cut rearranged productions outline given follows description given new grove dictionary opera act shore mysterious friend group knights preparing compete tournament hand princess praise wine women gambling robert attendant sings ballad beautiful princess normandy married devil princess son robert known robert reveals son question death begs pardon tells robert engaged marry robert thought arrives robert recognizes foster sister alice alice tells robert mother died words warning threatening dark force offers robert mother robert overcome read asks alice present robert expresses longing beloved alice offers letter alice warns robert ignores encouragement robert knights loses money armour act room palace sad robert absence expresses marriage place vain delighted receives robert letter robert arrives pair express pleasure provides new armour tournament robert preparing tournament suddenly appears persuades robert nearby forest claiming prince rival love wants fight robert left court celebrate marriage couples dancing prince enters asks present arms tournament expresses sorrow robert disappearance prepares open tournament singing praise act countryside near meets arrived alice gives bag gold advises marry alice new wealth attract plenty women leaves having corrupted reveals robert truly devoted son enters adjoining cave spirits hell alice enters expresses love strange chanting coming cave decides listen learns lose robert forever persuade sign away soul devil midnight emerging cave realizes alice heard threatens promises silent robert arrives mourning loss tells win seize magic branch tomb nearby deserted branch robert magical powers robert declares bold instructs leads robert ghosts rise tombs dance praising pleasures drinking gambling lust robert branch demons surround act room palace preparing marriage prince alice rushes inform learnt robert interrupted envoys prince enter bearing gifts robert arrives power branch unsettled power wielding confesses begs reject expresses love robert robert breaks branch spell created taken custody act outside cathedral group monks power church freed robert guards arrive prevent marriage prince attempts robert sign document promises serve reveals robert true father robert decides sign oath devotion alice appears news prince prevented marrying alice divine help hands robert mother robert reads mother message warns man ruined robert midnight strikes time coup past drawn hell robert reunited cathedral great costume designs production costumes designed reception number factors influenced opera favourable reception initial cast contained leading singers period changed equally brilliant stars falcon introduced replacements sensational plot notoriety ballet ensured opera hot topic journals reviews assisted marketing skills director publisher scenery exceptional quality opera hear argued real hero robert designer keen influential persons example sent free tickets good box course businessman knew use pay leader undoubtedly novelty colour music deserves major credit alliance german musical training study opera years italy highly attractive audience asked surprised critic wrote straight away took position crossroads italian song german orchestration meet paid close attention unusual combinations textures original orchestration examples use low brass playing passages associated use brass band male choir demons act particularly impressed wrote entire article revue gazette entitled concluded provides astonishing example power instrumentation applied dramatic music power recent introduction achieved development hands conquest modern art italians acknowledge order prop best miserable system collapsing ruins opera perceived weaknesses characterization example robert behaviour led comment robert robert critic gave consensus opinion robert masterpiece remarkable work history music unite qualities needed establish composer reputation success opera led celebrity king prussia attended second performance robert swiftly invited compose german opera invited stage robert berlin january awarded membership success coupled known family wealth inevitably precipitated peers wrote forget able persuade robert paying administration thousand money lamented work years pay expenses stay paris robert staged years lot influence success robert profound consequences institution music staging popularity nineteenth century opera ballet timing opera premiere long july revolution sensational novel effects meant widely identified new liberal ideas commented luck talented talent lucky poem contemporary writers express fascination opera set chapter count acts robert wrote length nineteenth century opera rose named absence historical content robert played attracting opera regarded primarily aristocratic entertainment success opera justified government policy selling management landmark state control patronage fine arts commissioned having taken control revolution robert new production manager success policy commissioning similar works include dazzling theatrical rhetoric robert led uniformly horrific gripping moral urgency sophisticated plot lines reflecting changes taste new opera established paris europe opera capital centre period act ballet regarded principal corps ballet clothed white favourite nineteenth century repertoire later examples include choreographed danced daughter music opera subject numerous works time brilliant themes robert composer popular calling card occasion forced programmed concerts play demands audience day publication edition completely sold immediately reprinted success robert score published said saved bankruptcy jointly composed grand duo themes opera cello piano italian pianist composer composed elaborate fantasy opera left hand pieces based opera included works painted scene ballet twice earlier version new_york painted larger version singer sung version victoria albert museum london work popularity spawned parodies including robert devil opened london recordings | Robert le diable | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
14484_GottesZeitistdieallerbesteZeit,BWV106 | die die god time best time known early sacred composed intended funeral earliest source composition copied manuscript dated date composition certain research leads funeral mayor september text carefully compiled biblical texts quotations combined funeral hymns sung quoted additions anonymous author bach scored work vocal parts small ensemble baroque instruments work opened instrumental followed composed sections assigned movements structure symmetrical turning point lower voices old overcome soprano calling jesus history bach manuscript lost work agreed earliest bach probably composed year spent church age known taken place time proposed occasion composition example uncle mother family died august mayor funeral september earliest surviving manuscript hand christian copied bach death introduced title published complete edition bach works bach edited theme text consists different bible passages old individual verses hymns refer preparation death dying distinct parts view death shown confronted second leading symmetrical structure texts old appeared christian school prayer professor argued sermon given funeral similar ideas themes indication bach composed work occasion structure scoring bach scored vocal parts soprano alto tenor bass chamber ensemble baroque instruments alto duration given minutes sections comprising traditionally grouped movements notes movements marked tempo changes occasionally key changes meter changes double bar lines appears continuous work bach helps create seamless effect occasionally resolving section beginnings endings traditional movements keys tempo markings taken publication keys bach recent publications start major music opening marked alto echo background viola vocal movement combines aspects getting ready die based texts bach expresses ideas variety musical form scoring movement opens text free poetry die god time best times chorus initial tempo marking section marked end thought lord teach consider die rendered tenor market melodic line broken rests reflection warning prepared death house order die performed aria bass marked recorder accompany voice described evocative command god movement concludes central piece composition presents contrast lower choral voices remind old der ancient law human die based jesus solo soprano turns accepting death union jesus singing times yes come lord jesus personal decision supported instrumental quotation hymn brought affairs home god final jesus closes movement leading long rest writes bach allows confident soprano final word passage concludes passage arrives tentative optimism distinct lack completion second vocal movement similar combination ideas quotes twice jesus said cross according gospel luke quotation hands commit spirit added explanation lord faithful god rendered alto aria second quotation mit today paradise bass supported hymn mit fried und peace joy depart following luke sung alto work concludes closing seventh stanza hymn und glory praise honor majesty choral movement simple setting introduced instrumental passage recalling motifs lines hymn set parts movement ends double marked julian notes section major focus piece evaluation ranks bach important works bach scholar called work genius great masters seldom achieve belongs great musical literature world selected recordings performed singers recording recordings feature choir multiple voices following entries taken listing bach website roughly marked large red background voice green background instrumental groups playing period instruments historically informed performances highlighted green | Gottes Zeit ist die allerbeste Zeit, BWV 106 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
14775_Magnificat(Bach) | bach musical setting biblical scored vocal parts alto tenor bass baroque orchestra including major composition latin text bach taking post leipzig bach set text movement composition key flat major performance christmas inserted hymns related feast version including christmas given number catalogue bach works feast bach produced new version latin christmas hymns instrumentation movements altered expanded key changed flat major major performance reasons trumpet parts version bach known publication versions 19th century second standard performance bach popular vocal works history leipzig regularly sunday services sung german ordinary sundays latin high holidays christmas easter bach tenure leipzig bach compositions latin composed tenure leipzig death compared lutheran practice latin church services leipzig early account bach showing interest practices leipzig dates noted order service sunday advent visit town time leipzig died candidates applying post pupil reused composed christmas audition piece january weeks bach presented audition jesus die und bach assumed position sunday trinity performing ambitious movements followed comparable die sunday traditional setting traditional setting german translation den german variant exceptional tone chant ninth tone associated ninth mode mode traditional setting german minor mode note melodic formula fifth opening note variant associated german appears compositions bach uses melodic formula instrumental movement israel uses german den composed fourth melodic formula theme prelude work bach pupil extended settings century bach composition text set music apart mass ordinary latin text set music settings german text current early 17th century form suppressing extended settings indicated settings construction movements chorus orchestra vocal non linear treatment text parts text repeated multiple times singers old italian school music example found alternative settings included lutheran tradition example latin composers like cited possible inspirations bach bach time examples settings single verse sung alternating choral singing bach treatment verse soprano sings words verse chorus concludes particular split verse leaving words chorus practised minor bach probably knew minor attributed split characteristic bach set chorus extending standard choir voice parts novelty compositions example teacher eldest brother composed half dozen choir double choir orchestra setting choir bach composed choir easter year premiered funeral years later time major version originated composed extended chorus mass dresden court extended choral settings bach include vocal parts christmas compositions double choir like matthew passion secular compositions extended choir outside bach usual routine music bach include mixed german latin christmas sung latin published contained stanza version gospel luke words spoken mary visits cousin elizabeth pregnant mary jesus john baptist christianity feast commemorating visit called chosen opportunity ordinary attention feast celebrates event tied origin bach time feast day fell july major version bach performed july church service leipzig year fell sunday fourth sunday trinity ended period mourning death bach scholar argued version bach major version christmas added performed july exactly years version composed feast bach taken post leipzig sunday trinity feast day tenure called exceptionally music christmas article origin authors generally assumed bach composed quiet time advent performance christmas performance bach composed songs praise partly german partly latin inserted certain points flat major version flat major version including known text leipzig christmas bach predecessor possibly settings major texts bach included christmas self contained composed major performed christmas illustrate describe circumstances christ birth embedded old tradition named rocking cradle performed limited accompaniment instruments supposedly performed small high choir opposite large organ movements performed flat major version suggests bach intended perform version depending circumstances example christmas bach bach obituary written composer son mentions composed apart extant copies german soprano solo considered lost 19th century score called little retrieved 20th century listed authenticity doubted indicated composer german den similar german und tenor solo composed attributed german published cycle performance july set bach similarly den unknown bach copied composers early bach copied major arranging movement major choir orchestra copied bach manuscript score indicates composer according study 17th century work composed 25th birthday earlier work structure movements bach consists movements text luke concluded twelfth movement verse assigned movement verse verse begins soprano solo movement concluded chorus fourth movement traditional division composers late middle ages verses differs bach movements luke verse verse traditional division divided verses numbering movements bach fourth movement 25th measure soprano sings note measure movement christmas placed second fifth seventh ninth movement text movements usually indicated letters text sources hymn verse attributed luke fragment christmas hymn performance time lies typically minutes additional minutes christmas duration version christmas hymns comparable average bach differences contains twice movements average keeping short avoiding altogether text latin usual language bach architecture movements fairly complex opposed fairly simple structure average choral writing parts outside normal routine bach sacred vocal works scoring key signature movements composition key major major movements feature chorus orchestra chorus sings movement accompanied orchestra choral movements version christmas hymns followed movements vocal second richer scoring movements vocal instrumentation usual bach accompanied instrument strings movement cappella movement natural usually tuned given reason bach initial flat major version major voices bach set choir vocal required alto tenor bass movement israel sing alto orchestra baroque orchestra consists viola violins dominant viola required aria version bach somewhat extended orchestra replaced separate parts choral movements movements replaced 10th movement replace trumpet instrumental played organ cello movements version movement israel played exclusively violins viola version line given includes cello symmetrical structure bach built 7th movement 7th movement verses 7th seventh movement key orchestra choir second 11th movement major key 10th movement relative minor key movement preceding following central 7th movement minor key fifth ninth major key different christmas additions separated verses addition second verse christmas hymns key preceding movement verse structure looks like verse movements followed movement christmas version key major verse starts relative minor key movement moving minor key movement verse movement followed movement christmas version major key different verse movement minor key verse movement followed movement christmas version key verse movement minor key verse movement followed movement christmas version major key different verse movement relative minor key verse movements key voices orchestration verses seventh movement seventh symmetrical build idea movement building choral movement movements solo soprano build choral movement movements solo duet build 7th movement movements solo movements followed aria vocal trio build final choral movements aria sets solo duet trio christmas hymns building seventh movement choral movements second half composition choral movements outer ends separated set solo solo duet trio sixteen movement performance symmetry section movement counting movement use lutheran melody soprano voices case instrumental second den symmetry christmas version pictured follows movements key movement verse minor key movements major key verse minor key movements key verse minor key movements major key movements key movement times verses followed movement text comes bible quote texts movement like movement coupled central 7th movement structure bach compared probably knew probably knew largest extant vocal work similar orchestration version bach differences second viola bach movement settings christmas performance standard like bach choir set verses text chorus choral movements like bach second verse instead bach verse bach final chorus sets verse verses set single voice combined movements spirit gives great praise lord luke text opening chorus movement consists blocks measures totalling bars music exactly half choral singing measure orchestra presents looks like fact movement form italian aria modelled style bach developed style material presented instrumental measure motive played measure sets tone main motives measure measure movement instruments violin presents new motive second main motive measures entrance choir motive repeated multiple instruments motive sung measure second motive sung measure measure accompanied chorus enters imitating opening material measure enter main motive measure alto tenor imitate enter measure orchestra plays short intervention measures measures chorus sings second main motive opening orchestra dominates chorus following giving contrasting melodies end measure voices start singing measures block singers text lord word beat 45th measure orchestra apart silent till beginning measure singers bridge central measures main motive sung measure start movement voices brief intervention orchestra measures second main motive sung highest voices measure followed lower voices measure block chorus takes leading role limited groups instruments accompanying short ideas taken opening measures instruments join ending second main motive played trumpet measure second blocks singers text sing repetition word measure measure block sing main motive instruments halt beats singers leading role groups instruments play additional motives later orchestral writing returning text remains block conclusion soul heard alto time measure embedded voices parts sing soprano beginning long note continued measure measure measures choral singing follow measures instrumental material condensed opening aria sung soprano accompanied strings aria continues feelings joy movement way christmas version movement followed hymn looked aria sung soprano major version movement bach marked tempo beginning major version notes voice instrument share material duet hoc henceforth shall blessed voice changes simpler style notes scarcely idea virgin purity simplicity humble happiness found perfect expression german picture madonna translated musical language continuation verse completion sentence generations given chorus setting likened chorus bach commentators atmosphere close aggression multitude sound flat major version somewhat major version example bass line measure measure version dominant ninth changed harmony later version great things aria sung bass accompanied motif beginning repeated notes introduced measures repeated voice mercy duet alto tenor begins movement time played violins major version strings play con doubling violins shows strength shares key scoring movement tenor voice enter followed alto bass leading calls near middle movement appears voices isolated sequence highest voice lowest conclusion marked illustrates text long chords accents mighty aria tenor accompanied violins presenting material measure second thought verse beginning humble sung introduction shorter tenor sings complete text slightly modified version considerably expanded length repeated end hungry sung alto accompanied measures introduces moving steady quarter note measures later sung filled hungry good things downward lines moving eighth notes later rich sent away latin word handed israel servant israel scored unusual combination highest voices single trumpet flat major version wind instrument cite line time changes measure moving step voices imitate gentle movement leaps measure occur word downward est est fathers seed line theme distinct measures repeated notes second flowing eighth notes quarter notes leaps fourth half notes sixth theme developed time voices enter second development soprano begins followed alto tenor bass movements ends section bass theme soprano sings long suspended notes descending scale covering octave work concluded glory father performed complete ensemble text ends long changing time signature common time triple metre second text beginning repeats material beginning work hymns added christmas version time christmas hymns flat major version bach printed volume major version bach publication presented hymns annex publication hymns fit major setting recently publishers offer completed versions hymns performed major version instance text stanza hymn luke bach sets cappella parts like preceding movements key form singing melody attributed lower voices imitating sections melody line diminished time latin preceding movements largely congregation bach time movement recognizable words melody sung congregation preceding evening christmas eve service quarter century later bach returned melody writing set variations theme compositions printed composer lifetime bach included settings melody christmas based theme und text movement und das das und pious mind find fair holy new born boy comfort peace joy verse flat major text variant opening verse better known version ending incorrect rendering original greek version luke said angels christmas night version translates glory god highest earth peace people good end greek version rendered correctly peace earth good men understood und den lutheran rejected version verse end latin composers attached classic formula rhythm place bach uses version text differs catching spirit theologian approved version violins flat major text text fit stem flourished appeared human flesh lovely child fragment longer christmas hymn printed major reception history composer death flat major major version owned son publication followed 19th century including christmas hymns flat major version variety vocal instrumental scores adapted contemporary performance practice major version end century considered illustrations bach genius generally major version christmas hymns chosen performance new critical edition published series volume new bach edition major version remained standard life performance studio recordings half century later flat major version published new editions adapted performance recorded times composition history 18th century year father death major performed leipzig like father extended setting died owned versions father staged composition hamburg fit major composition combined movement probably form christmas das 19th century score flat major version bach published edited printing errors christmas hymns composition bach vocal chorus orchestra printed orchestral score time publication little success sales young composed major showed knew bach version major version bach didn appear print bach revival followed performance 1840s piano reduction bach major version appeared orchestral vocal score published volume bach edition edition printed christmas time year later complained composition received little attention music critics remained virtually unknown general public year later published major version orchestral score line 19th century performance practice example expanding organ single bass bach edition separate organ printed edition major translation english based text book common prayer bach composition kept later state library berlin devoted pages bach biography considering recognized greatest achievements composer genius bach performed times quarter 19th century instance germany netherlands 20th century edited orchestral score major version bach publication edition performances recorded 1940s appeared rpm records recordings early 1950s included live performances directed soprano published bach edited score reused ensuing publications english translation recordings available instance directed second half 1960s saw recordings christmas version including new recordings major version earliest releases contained christmas inserted major version form recording bach der appeared performance time bach appeared 1970s recorded choir orchestra vocal release volume edition recording period instruments bach choral christmas released coupled recording major version followed recorded major version 20th century composers refer bach composition new setting include hymns songs outside text extended settings like bach christmas version extended setting makes musical associations bach major setting uses choir cappella setting end century recordings major version bach released recording flat major version appeared releases available end century include recording playing period instruments published flat major major version single publication edited edition offered version christmas fitted performances major version measures missing score edition completed base similar composition bach 21st century recording released recorded christmas version bach church leipzig dvd recording included performance christmas bach german released recording ensemble released performed major version vocal choir bach versions available line published critical edition score versions based edition synthetic major version major version christmas fit version published found performers audiences composition ranges bach popular vocal works illustrated regular appearance classical music polls like | Magnificat (Bach) | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
14779_WiderstehedochderSünde,BWV54 | der der resist sin church composed solo alto probably performed seventh sunday trinity july bach extant church solo voice text short work written connecting topic resist sin based text published collection dedicated sunday known bach composed work assumed performed monthly productions seventh sunday trinity july solo voice accompanied strings violin parts viola parts composition begins striking chord history words history composition clear text written sunday lent published avoiding sin based line movement quotes john bach composed taking regular compositions appointed court reigning august march assumed principal responsibility composing new works specifically palace church monthly schedule bach scholar suggested bach performed seventh sunday prescribed readings sunday romans wages sin death gift god eternal life romans gospel mark feeding mark text relates sundays shows connection gospel assumes bach performed july scholars arrive different dates assume year earliest performed promotion extant church solo voice followed soprano written single alto composed und texts debate sort singer intended actual performer der especially given low range compared alto solo writing bach und written early bach second period court chapel singers bass teenage designation indicate soprano alto left sung performance late suggested solo usually taken scoring structure structured movements scored chamber music solo alto voice violins duration given minutes manuscript title page reads alto solo del following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbols common time playing shown music movement der resist sin aria opens surprising leaves key flat major open measure describes resistance compares beginning der ready advent nun der composed comments deliberate shock tactic listeners need stand firm poison possess bach aria mark passion die art way sins accompanied words und grab shows shadow grave expressed pale harmonies final lines illustrate das und like sharp sword body soul movement sword fast runs final aria der sins devil aria shows elements voice violins describes theme counter subject portray devil selected recordings listing taken selection provided bach website table based listing website type orchestra roughly shown large group red background ensemble playing period instruments historically informed performance green background | Widerstehe doch der Sünde, BWV 54 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
14959_Schwingtfreudigeuchempor,BWV36 | upwards church composed leipzig sunday advent drawing material previous beginning gospel sunday entry jerusalem mood secular work matched people shouts unique structure bach movements derived works important hymns advent add focus nun der der performed final form parts movements december history words bach composed leipzig sunday advent beginning lutheran church year leipzig sunday advent performed quiet time observed sundays prescribed readings sunday romans night advanced day come romans gospel matthew entry jerusalem matthew bach based parts music homage composed birthday teacher performed spring text probably written modified charlotte die performed november version member family leipzig die probably bach transformed secular music sunday advent combining movements simply adding final stanza der adaptation stayed close secular reference readings unknown notes opening matches gospel entry jerusalem people shouts date adaptation certain version extant copy bach student finally bach reworked considerably wrote new score hymn advent nun der main hymn sunday advent opened occasion nun der base nun der hymn serve anchor extent advent story purpose clear focus terms structurally unusual bach divided parts performed sermon closing stanza hymn context replaced stanza closed stanza closed final stanza hymn bach performed december week die scoring structure scored soprano alto tenor bass choir violins viola structured parts movements chorus unique bach chorus choral soprano alto nun der aria tenor die mit die aria bass tenor der aria soprano mit ton music unique bach church structure combined instead performed week die shows bach emphasis second cycle begun opening chorus opened dominated contrasting motifs strings play short rising figure play expansive melody secular model movement similar parts consisting contrasting sections den upwards stars stop bass voice lowest register enters followed ascending sequence reflects text soaring aloft literally swinging upward conducted sunday advent bach pilgrimage described movement spiritual light deeply satisfying technical demands met tricky runs divisions intervals voices chains violins compares figures stop middle section aria bach settings different beginning duet soprano alto stanza voices doubled render text sections different length sixteen measures final god ordained birth notes music especially leaps urgent request nun come rhythm des world daring final line tenor aria reflects die mit love approaches gentle steps instrument traditional musical symbol love concept jesus bride groom soul bride base hymn closes bass aria beginning welcome worthy treasure shows echoes movement avoids regular structure bass voice addressing bride welcoming gesture secular appropriate expressed sentiment hymn stanza der like father sixth stanza hymn dealing sins flesh christ mission marked tenor sings melody play urgent semi activity sees expression und des fight victory son god das weak sick flesh man compares trio movement terms aria pure compares echo aria bach christmas text mit muted weak voices illustrated muted con solo violin closing choral final stanza hymn ton praise god father setting selected recordings list recordings provided bach website type choir orchestra roughly shown large group red background ensemble period instruments historically informed performance choir voice green background | Schwingt freudig euch empor, BWV 36 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
15787_Esisteuchgut,daßichhingehe,BWV108 | gut gut good leave church composed leipzig sunday fourth sunday easter performed april second texts collaborated end second cycle quotations prescribed gospel farewell closed stanza topic prediction jesus parting coming spirit announcement sung bass second centre work chorus combined style unified similar themes bach scored vocal alto tenor bass choir baroque instrumental ensemble strings elements word painting long notes illustrate firm belief motifs interrupted rests illustrate heart history words bach composed second year leipzig fourth sunday easter called prescribed readings sunday good gift comes father lights james gospel john jesus announcing farewell john second year bach composed sunday easter returned varied texts possibly lost easter bach congregation heard series texts new average interval performances week sundays additional ones ascension day bach composed intense rate known began work series und followed week later gut begins bass solo delivering quotation gospel john second quotation appears movement john movements deal hope salvation movement prayer guidance death poet closing tenth stanza hymn expressing faith god guidance publication text published collection version set bach slightly different shortened text music survived manuscript published appeared complete edition bach work music structure scoring bach structured movements beginning biblical quotation jesus speaking set aria followed chorus biblical quotation gospel aria leads closing bach scored work vocal alto tenor bass choir baroque instrumental ensemble violins viola duration given minutes following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time playing shown movements presents similarities bach wrote previous year occasion similarities begin movement like previous year given bass movement quotation verse gospel beginning gut der good leave come aria instrument plays extended melodies voice share musical material conveying mood parting following aria doubt dominated solo violin words believe illustrated long notes voice bass line renders different way notes bach uses key sharp minor movements great expressive force example alto aria und matthew passion short expresses spirit guide walk right path biblical quotation verse gospel der der der spirit truth shall come shall lead truth rendered choir divided sections similar form parts combined style instruments playing voices second section begins speak accord section expresses und come subject similar giving movement feeling unity aria von heart desires accompanied strings dominated violin word heart rendered motifs intensified following rests closing den der spirit god sends heaven leads loves setting melody bass line pacing forward constantly selected recordings selection taken listing bach website roughly marked large red background vocal voice instrumental groups playing period instruments historically informed performances highlighted green | Es ist euch gut, daß ich hingehe, BWV 108 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
16239_Schubert'slastsonatas | piano composer major compositions piano written months life spring autumn published years death like rest piano neglected 19th century late 20th century public critical opinion changed considered important composer mature core piano repertoire appearing regularly concert programs recordings reasons long period neglect piano dismissal structurally dramatically inferior fact contain distinct allusions similarities works composer analysis shown maintain mature individual style praised mature style manifested unique features formal design chamber music textures rare depth emotional expression diverse structural melodic elements tying movements consequently regarded trilogy contain specific allusions similarities compositions song cycle connections point turbulent emotions expressed understood highly personal autobiographical researchers suggested specific psychological narratives based historical evidence concerning composer life historical background year life marked growing public acclaim composer works gradual deterioration health march musicians vienna gave public concert works great success earned considerable profit addition new german publishers took interest works leading short period financial time summer months arrived short money cancel journeys previously planned struggling suffered weakness led relatively normal life september new symptoms blood appeared stage moved vienna home friend brother ferdinand house suburbs following advice doctor unfortunately actually worsened condition weeks life november continued compose extraordinary music including probably began spring months final versions written september months saw appearance mass flat major string songs published posthumously collection final completed september days later played trilogy evening gathering vienna letter publishers dated october mentioned works recently completed wished publish interested november dead following year brother ferdinand sold publisher publish years later intended dedicated greatly admired leading pianist pupil pioneering composer romantic style like time published dead new publisher decided instead composer praised works critical writings structure structural features common considered odd group differences remarkably similar structure minor key primary departure determines differences companions accordingly major minor scheme alternated main material minor slow movement set major opening considerably use expansive time quasi development passages strongly characterize opening movements furthermore slow movement follows form instead form movement instead slightly lively subdued finally finale form form differences relative significant comparison extreme similarity similar extent considered variations identical template having major structural differences importantly share common dramatic arc considerable identical use motives relationships musical narrative ideas work consists movements following order movement moderate fast tempo form exposition consists thematic areas common classical style moves dominant major mode works relative major minor mode works scheme exposition involves additional intermediate remote dominant axis certain passages character development section main themes exposition form middle section different themes generally form symmetrical periods irregular phrase lengths prominent exposition ends repeat sign development section opens abrupt turn new area new theme based melodic fragment second thematic group exposition presented section rhythmic developed undergoing successive thematic group returns different additional second group returns fourth short coda maintains key mainly soft dynamics achieving resolution movement conflicts ending slow second movement key different form main sections contrasted key character slow intense animated movement begins ends slowly quietly dance movement overall form trio form conventionally related key relative major parallel minor respectively based movements similar scheme reference section piece features serving important dramatic functions previous movements features animated playful right hand abrupt changes register finale moderate fast tempo form themes characterized long passages melody accompanied relentless flowing rhythms exposition repeat written development section ordinary style movement frequent sequences exposition theme main theme closely resembles exposition minimal changes needed end section theme returns shortened version second theme returns fourth coda based exposition theme composed parts quiet creating sense expectation second animated dissipating final tension decisive agitated motion ending chords octaves minor opening dramatic fully voiced minor chord voice leading passage outlines ascent flat instance remarkable degree feature theme sudden flat major established rushing downward scale initiated final achievement key ascending voice minor theme exposition shifts relative major flat major touching midway parallel minor flat minor accordance classical practice second theme hymn like flat major melody harmony greatly contrasts melodic sudden flat major departure themes progress somewhat style variations structured irregular phrase lengths development section highly distinct exposition traditional staying stressing flat lowered second degree theme coda returns material development section stable dying dark series low register flat major form nostalgic traditional classical character instrumental wrote opening theme movement elegant touching melody eventually undergoes remarkable treatment peaceful setting pointed voice leading phrase based initial flat beginning unorthodox structure movement generated short progression appears end section leading key flat colored minor chord flat minor importance progression flat general emphasized quotation climax finale exposition diversion main theme expected leads haunted atmosphere section startling second appearance sections entire music shifted importance ascending minor 2nd focal progression returns transformed end movement coloration distant touching major piece finally ends theme weakened given quality free tendency troubled minor passages iii trio somber movement distinct typical atmosphere dance movements relatively conservative key scheme moving relative major key section sequence interrupted dramatic flat major referencing departure key opening added minor 6th second section transformation interrupted bars silent bar creating mysterious atmosphere trio flat major form section beginning flat major colored minor 6th flat major parallel minor movement written style characterised relentless rhythm calling demanding effects frequent hand crossing leaps registers employs key exposition element style theme shifts minor major feature contains allusions flat major finally established climactic reference characteristic second theme proceeding parallel minor sharp minor develops series exposition ends traditional relative major flat development section begins flat new theme derived bars exposition later additional material exposition developed gradually building climax written keys theme drastically shortened time second theme flat minor result closing section appears traditional coda begins long passage stresses flat theme restoring music omitted reprise passage characterized sweeping violent dynamic contrasts series decaying piano following rise fall melody iteration melody hits triple register octaves descending concludes piece major begins heavily fanfare emphasizing low pedal meter ascent thirds middle voices followed immediately quiet descending punctuated light chords outlining ascent highly contrasting phrases provide material second theme lyrical melody written harmony exposition follows standard classical practice dominant second theme preparing movement mature despite traditional approach exposition themes built innovative form resulting section highly development like section based exposition second phrase circle return novel structure creates sense movement actually committing thematic techniques uses achieve sense scale movement development proper based variation second theme heard end exposition contrast striking exposition plan static shifting constantly major major later minor development theme finally stated minor dramatic unconventional role shifting major mode prepare fully preparing key case established traditional staying emphasizing minor flat major coda theme time hesitant manner allusions movement ends penultimate chord chose striking italian sixth instead usual dominant diminished seventh chords choice arbitrary final statement based ascending minor second motive movement motive reversed descending minor second following movement sharp minor form section presents sparse poignant melody gestures portrayed descending seconds theme despite vastly different character references opening bars aforementioned source material measure shares fanfare second beat bass note echo creating rhythmic affinity additionally quiet close theme features fanfare characteristic pattern thirds middle voices enclosed octaves middle section like character extremely harsh culminating sharp minor chords emphasis patterns section reminiscent developments exposition sharp minor climax according key great importance cycle relation section startling emphasizing ascending minor second leads phrase major mode sharp major turn leads dominant sharp minor section somewhat transformed new final bars movement feature rolled chords opening following iii trio section uses playful rolled chord figure reminiscent opening bars section dominated distant realms major theme abruptly interrupted downward rushing sharp minor scale preparation striking reference climax preceding movement middle section following section quietly ends sharp minor grace note melody identical figure theme movement major returns concluding section time integrated major surroundings sequences form trio major uses hand crossing add melodic accompaniment theme based opening lyrical movement consists relentless flowing movement endless melody form development coda main opening theme taken slow movement pointed theme musical sense response subsequent questioning leading tone closes opening fanfare capacity dramatically delayed final goal second thematic group written traditional dominant key long different development section contrast long passage sharp minor climax characterized tension building ambiguity major sharp minor greatly prolonged leads false sharp major begin home key coda main theme returns fragmented bar lead time unexpected changes key followed agitated section based final bars main theme concludes bold opening measures ascending essentially descending figure second phrase followed statement opening fanfare flat major movement employs key exposition theme introduces flat following events shift flat major central section main theme return shift sharp minor start second theme colorful excursion area arrives traditional dominant key major contrast previous development section different themes exposition reaches dramatic climax minor theme presented fluctuating minor home key manner similar parallel passage previous bass line theme rises flat instead descending exposition second theme enters minor instead sharp minor rest exposition repeated alterations fourth meaning returns home key flat area coda recalls theme movement written form key sharp minor remote inner movement mature instrumental works form main section somber melody presented relentless rocking rhythm central section written major presents choral melody animated accompaniment later touches flat major home key main section returns variant original accompanying rhythm time scheme unusual half dominant sudden mysterious shift introduces remote key major eventually turns major proceeds coda shifts major haunted minor mode iii con trio proper dominant second continues ascending reaches key flat major key new theme presented emphasizing local flat major fourth upward major mode minor shift sharp minor excursion eventually leads major diminished opening section trio form flat minor presentation minor non finale structure previous elements movement imply large scale resolution thematic conflicts established earlier previous main theme opens octave resolves minor subsequently interpreted flat major asserts theme beginning ambiguous functions resolution presented beginning resolve major flat second theme form written traditional key dominant central section major consists extended melody played flow second theme uses melodic remarkable major final section second movement implying conflict resolution abrupt end second theme pregnant pause minor rhythm theme minor suddenly enters version parallel major theme highly similar rhythm melodic left hand pattern minor coincidence considering overall high level connection theme rhythmic leads seamlessly main theme development section based entirely rhythmic pattern main theme characterised eighth notes reaching climax flat major bass descends eventually extended return main theme coda main theme fragmented manner similar finale previous highly unstable progression octave descends flat extension resolution theme finally reaching dominant preparation final time movement closes triumphant section totally resolves dramatic conflicts series process process studied owing complete survival manuscripts according written stages preliminary sketch draft mature final version fair copy sketches written spring summer possibly earlier inner movements final bar outer form movements beginning coda sketches passages different movements different appear leaf evidence suggests composed parallel furthermore flat finale completing movement unlike usual practice conceived later stage final versions convey impression single unit likely close succession september labeled respectively wrote date september compared sketches final versions written orderly greater care small details thorough study edited final versions comparison sketches reveals insights examination sketches reveals highly self critical shows heavenly lengths actually later addition conceived start subsequent elaborated themes expanded giving musical space words revision continues proportions details start tell suspend time rests clarify structure allowing breathing space holding breath listening silence major final versions summarized follows frequent modification expansion original material expansions frequently repeat preceding measures consist rests left hand melody providing pause motion especially noticeable finale minor middle section major movement flat changes tempo meter indications mainly opening movements originally marked originally time originally marked originally marked major elements added final version includes final bars major consist opening end slow movement work opening classical type form transitions going dominant modified opening movement major transition originally written fourth higher appears decide transition exposition accordance scheme creating classical type transition establishes found opening movement late analogous place finale started writing transition eventually discarded started realized establishing dominant examples demonstrate weakening dominant axis thinking general dominant passages radically modified development section finale major middle section slow movement flat addition differences mentioned numerous local modifications structure harmony texture applied original material modifications certain uniquely daring original occasionally toned places new version predecessor elements composed close succession furthermore intended publish set evident titles support view single unity pianist scholar found profound musical links argued complement different characters demonstrated entire trilogy based basic group motifs contains complex network inner connections linking movements passages movement usually transformed later movements connections subtle detected casual listening cases quotes theme passage earlier movement little alteration structurally significant locations creating immediately allusion explicit connections related form musical forms associated romantic period music work major passage major suddenly interrupted fierce downward rushing scale sharp minor closely recalls parallel passage climax preceding movement followed dance theme melody derived opening melody unique moment explicit references trilogy important element major subtle similarities connections exist movement ending following movement opening connection opening ending ends opening framing device probably unprecedented literature pianist music scholar described element design follows similar basic dramatic scheme works according presents beginning musical conflict ensuing music derive movement beginning ending home key confronts key contrasting design manifested final movements openings variants movement opening contrasting main key second movement increasing tension middle projecting movement design home key contrasting home key half musical material contrasting presented sharp conflict material home key appearance detached surroundings movements especially contrasting realm gradually integrated environment bringing sense unity resolution conflict presented beginning goes interpret dramatic musical scheme manifested design basis unique psychological narrative allusion works internal references earlier passages contain distinct allusions previous works earlier piano works songs important similarities exist certain passages works genres composed parallel months finale major uses main theme transformation earlier theme second movement minor introduced changes original melody conform better basic motifs accordance scheme allusion earlier piano work appears middle slow movement climax middle section appears passage bars closely recalls bars impromptu flat major important unique work solo piano written stands apart closely related concept style scheme inherent according conflict gradually resolved musical integration finds precedent fantasy plays unique role trilogy sharp minor sharp minor fantasy song based calls sharp minor key earlier works likewise passages written sharp minor sharp minor portray sense wandering according allusion song fully explicit development section flat opening movement new theme presented section undergoes transformation bars literal quotation song piano introduction composition song genre mentioned related depicting feeling wandering winter journey song cycle numerous connections different songs cycle especially minor mentioned example minor movement development section recalls songs second movement finale recall songs allusions retain alienated lonely atmosphere songs songs collection composed period portray deep sense bear important similarities specific moments include songs recalls opening minor flat major flat major conflict opening flat additional songs mentioned analogy specific passages include opening major finale main section major famous string written september final versions slow movements flat bear striking similarities main sections employ unique layout voices sing long notes middle register accompanied contrasted short notes voices lower upper registers movements long notes relentless rhythm convey atmosphere complete arrest motion time string textures appear trilogy suggestions narrative mature music listener sense time forward movement passages creating effect appear frequently mainly second movements devices employed create effect detachment passages complete movements home key surroundings passages introduced sudden magical shifts closely home key closely related key dominant new distant examples procedure opening movement flat shown right creation rapid contrasting device appears development sections major flat opening movements kind create sense arrest time motion suggest feeling detachment entering new dimension independent preceding material realm dreams memories preceding material conceived reality detached passages convey feeling alienated environment exile preceding material conceived home emotional effect passages enhanced devices sudden shift musical texture shift use repetitive patterns repeated chords remote passages allusion previously stated material appeared earlier piece detached passages frequent use similar devices settings poems depicting emotional states suggestion psychological kind basis construction psychological biographical narrative attempting interpret musical program suggested portray protagonist going successive stages exile eventual homecoming major flat self assertion minor strata appearing complete musical segregation beginning suggest contrasting psychological states reality dream home exile etc conflicts deepened ensuing slow movements contrasts resolved finale intensive musical integration gradual transition sense reconciliation acceptance homecoming invoked hypothetical narrative grounded basis ample connections unique design musical similarities songs song cycle biographical evidence concerning life including story written dream suggests convey feelings loneliness musical integration writing works offered release emotional distress particularly deepened finishing composition lonely hopeless songs preceding year suggested flat major farewell work faces death somewhat analogous myths surrounding requiem usually ascribed relaxed character dominates opening movements death scenes associated somewhat explicitly tragic minor example mentions ghosts dance death outer movements judging biographical point view notion felt imminent death time composing questionable influence acknowledged great admirer immense influence writing especially late works borrowed musical structural ideas works combine compositions outstanding examples practice piano opening minor taken note note theme variations minor structure finale major borrowed finale evident numerous parallels structural features numerous additional obvious similarities works frequently mentioned literature cases question actually borrowed ideas open debate examples minor certain passages movements resemble parallel passages written key major bars end development section finale recall bars movement sharp minor flat opening theme movement recalls opening trio bars recall bars movement fifth piano emperor case passages similarly modified opening finale turn recalls opening finale string quartet flat major striking feature alleged retain borrowed state structural position original design appear movements structural points despite evidence support borrowing evokes memory classical style follower points contrary familiarity works taught different relates follows hardly similarities motif texture formal pattern obscure voice models concealed transformed surpassed good example departure line found overt quotation opening minor theme reached flat highest note theme instead original witty theme continues ascend higher pitches culminating flat octave higher downward rushing flat major scale flat major interlude opening material goal main thematic material entire arise way initially appeared mere note note eventually given way radically different continuation style best example departure style idol finale major starting themes equal length movement longer added length comes episodes structure second theme section long melodic excursion going keys flat traditional short simple theme merely consists alternating dominant harmonies development section ends long passage sharp minor parallel finale unique borrowing structure major referred departure style instance moves great ease form created considerably held stretched correspondence considerably altered explains large movements long produced forms originally intended shorter pieces excitement naturally goes forms extended condition melodic flow music adds finale major produced work greater model reception criticism influence piano neglected entire nineteenth century dismissed long lacking formal etc references found nineteenth century romantic composers took interest music influenced reviewed works publication largely disappointed criticizing greater simplicity invention voluntary shining novelty usually sets high standards claiming page page end doubt continue musical interrupted rapidly criticism fit general negative attitude maintained works nineteenth century attitude different found special interest piano expressed wish study depth diary mentioned playing flat praised performance works dating early 1860s clear influence observed features closed lyrical themes distant relationships use key exposition works string contain specific features resemble flat negative attitude piano persisted twentieth century centennial death works begin receive attention critical acclaim writings public performances following decades especially final trilogy received growing attention end century came regarded essential members classical piano repertoire frequently appearing concert programs studio recordings writings late twentieth century scholars argued rank mature flat gained highest acclaim popularity legacy mark distinct change style earlier piano important differences typical movement length increased use long lyrical fully rounded form themes development like passages development section proper orchestral middle period gives way intimate writing resembles string ensemble new textures appear scale like melodic elements free free simple patterns bass repeated chords orchestral texture abundant preceding disappeared language changed distant key relationships explored longer major minor shifts mode diverse elements diminished seventh chord general enact return earlier individual intimate style combined later works certain features mentioned unique entire output period mention profound level integration especially major like writing daring looking forward style slow movement major middle section exploitation piano ability produce overtones use sustain pedal slow movement flat major creation contrasting development sections opening movements flat major mentioned long historically neglected dismissed inferior style piano negative view changed late twentieth century today works usually praised conveying personal style different holding virtues mature style classical perception harmony treatment musical structure radically altered generating new distinct type form compared unique achievements consist tragic minor key work major key works created short period time creating culmination composer lifetime achievement respective genres performance issues key issues routinely raised musicians music scholars discussing performance compositions piano discussions concern piano issues general agreement reached example extent sustain pedal combine rhythms allow tempo fluctuations course single movement observe repeat sign issue repeat signs debated particularly context opening movements form movements repeat sign written long exposition material exposition repeated time little alteration led musicians exposition repeat performing movements unlike movements ending exposition contains additional bars music leading movement opening performing movement repeat music bars totally omitted performance appear second ending furthermore flat added bars contain novel material appear piece radically different second ending pianist described omission repeat movements limb hand considers additional bars prefers repeats regard flat claims transitional bars unconnected rest movement believes omission actually contributes piece performance issue choice special relevance major instrumental works particularly opening movements opening movements moderate tempo indications extreme case flat piano movement particular interpreted vastly different speeds famous performances taking opening movement extremely slow pace similar tempo interpretations movement frequent majority scholars tend dismiss interpretation arguing instead flowing pace measured performers tend play entire trilogy single stressing suggesting form single complete cycle long compared instance program prove exhausting listeners solutions problem program repeats mainly opening movements practice highly disputed noted pioneers performance known played entire trilogy evening recently available editions recordings highly acclaimed editions available editions occasionally received criticism wrong interpretation intentions issues correct pitches manuscript accent markings missing bars performed recorded numerous especially devoted performers recorded entire trilogy entire piano repertoire altogether flat famous recorded following incomplete list notable commercial recordings trilogy entire trilogy recordings minor flat recordings recordings recordings recordings recordings media | Schubert's last sonatas | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
16337_Locusiste(Bruckner) | english place sacred composed text latin gradual annual celebration church dedication est translates place god set voices intended dedication chapel austria cathedral composed vienna published gradual composition obvious technical difficulty performed church professionals celebrate church history composed august intended dedication ceremony chapel austria construction completed section time lived vienna teaching vienna professor harmony time lecturer strong connection commissioned compose laying foundation stone new cathedral composed den praise lord text performed building site latin text gradual proper mass anniversary church dedication sources claim performed dedication day september performance mass minor actually performed weeks later october location dedicated work students vienna composed vienna edited based est vienna performed anniversary church dedication band music scored mixed choir key major common time bars takes minutes perform text concept sacred place based biblical story saying surely lord place knew genesis story burning bush moses told shoes feet place thou holy ground exodus structured lines text form closed coda containing line framing second suggests work reflects elements architecture symmetry form use motifs like building blocks marked begins notes beautiful work touches notes work begins phrases soon introduces characteristic repeat line beginning step higher marked confirming est higher stronger repeating bass begins est notes isolation bass structurally important points bass begins second line new rising motif marked upper voices follow line repeated sequence step higher marked pause half bar tenor begins sudden middle section repeated note imitated soprano alto section upper voices bass foundation sing beginning gradual intensity heightened notes article dedicated work das mystery appears disturbing described rest half bar line repeated instead est word extended strictly composition author program notes includes writes spins ethereal spell leads long general pause achieved carefully measuring beats est repeated final time concluding peacefully author notes concludes stating beautiful work reminiscent quiet chapel honored writing called sublime difficult selected discography recording occurred beginning 20th century der rpm disc sample currently available selection recordings ensemble oblique france mass minor est sony mass dvd issued choir youtube mass minor issue choir | Locus iste (Bruckner) | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
16583_GeistundSeelewirdverwirret,BWV35 | und und spirit soul confused church composed solo alto voice leipzig twelfth sunday trinity performed september bach composed fourth year musical director leipzig text based day prescribed reading gospel mark healing deaf mute man poetry bach basis solo text quotes ideas gospel derives analogy tongue deaf mute man opened believer open admire god deeds sunday positive character bach stressed earlier works occasion including score work uses instead solo organ movements structured seven movements parts performed sermon parts opened instrumental solo organ probably derived music composed earlier alto singer performs sequence alternating accompanied organ equal partner orchestra formed strings alto demanding probably written specific singer mind solo composed period history words bach composed fourth year leipzig twelfth sunday trinity regarded annual cycle prescribed readings sunday ministry spirit gospel mark healing deaf mute man mark text written published text connects healing deaf man thoughts believer left deaf mute awe looking healing jesus god creation text second aria quote gospel verse requirements new music composed possible bach seldom chose older poems consequently conductor suggested parts work composed earlier recorded leipzig performance bach composed solo text der composed tenure alto bach written leipzig alto vocal likely bach capable alto singer disposal period bach earlier composed twelfth sunday trinity year performed august year lobe den den der performed august added cycle works focus praise use orchestra including furthermore work large movements organ orchestra probably lost keyboard violin indicating composed seasonal choral bars opening practically identical fragment bach led performance september probably played organ scoring structure bach structured parts movements performed sermon sermon parts begin bach scored alto solo organ violins viola following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time instruments shown separately winds strings organ music conducted work twelfth sunday trinity calls occasion cheerful programmes trinity season leading bach compose celebratory pieces finally organ expanded structure organ instrumental partner singer distinguished bach use organ sacred icon versus writing bach secular solo church adjustment normal principle versus orchestra subtle shifts role playing instrument posing retreating background opening incorporates techniques suggesting origin pre existing organ performs solo melody line punctuated quasi passages interspersed measure notes movement italian style theme subjected intensive thematic working dialogue solo instrument orchestra aria form und spirit soul confused characterized broken sense confusion uncertainty rhythm frequent feature slow movements bach concludes bach aria new composition sees agility organ follow pattern image confusion mentioned text amazed expresses awe creation rendered person according personal individual emphasis beginning major mode contrasts preceding aria turns minor mode aria organ hat god movement major mode expressing pleasure god creation dominating observes organ time partner voice rich theme heard movement manner freely developed drive stylized like bach writing notes characteristic string crossing patterns reminiscent use begins time form describes engaging mobile introduced keyboard based final movement organ orchestra prelude unusual bach precedent major powerful god let think continually prayer ability reflect miracle creation quotes jesus saying opened deaf mute man turns believer heart open tongue perceive praise divine concludes aria complete orchestra wish live god expresses wish god forever positive character movement uses contrasting aspects life earth mentioned pain life music minor keys organ supplies figures voice uses express joyful selected recordings table based listing website type orchestra roughly shown large group red background ensemble playing period instruments historically informed performance green background | Geist und Seele wird verwirret, BWV 35 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
16656_BarmherzigesHerzederewigenLiebe,BWV185 | der der heart eternal love church composed fourth sunday trinity performed july bach composed responsible church month text written court poet occasion published included closing choral stanza hymn jesus christ structured movements begins duet followed sequence alternating closed scored small ensemble vocal parts strings bach led performance court chapel july performed small instrumental revisions beginning tenure leipzig coupled new history words march bach appointed court reigning august assumed principal responsibility composing new works specifically palace church monthly schedule wrote fourth sunday trinity prescribed readings sunday romans earnest expectation creature manifestation sons god romans sermon mount gospel luke judge luke text written court poet occasion published stayed close theme gospel recalling beam blind leading blind aria das der christians art closed stanza hymn jesus christ criticized bland lesson like bach performed july dated bach performed leipzig june sharp minor minor changes instrumentation service fourth leipzig performed new started tenure parts die treated christ occasion bach revived scoring structure structured movements beginning duet followed series alternating concluded similar words scored small ensemble vocal soprano alto tenor bass violins viola including choir needed score partly titled post der viola con trumpet struck cover set parts leipzig replaced trumpet instrumental movement duration given minutes following table movements scoring keys given version performed keys time signatures taken symbol common time instruments shown separately winds strings playing shown music opening movement duet soprano tenor der heart eternal love ways connected closes work melody played line line embellished dancing time instead interval voices theme german reflection mirror reflects theme human mercy reflect divine mercy conducted comments diary project cast soprano tenor cello warm glow opening duet main beats flame love plea come melt heart tune vocal lines alto die und hearts changed rocks stones accompanied strings ends alto aria inspired present time shows richest instrumentation solos bass die self love accompanied text bass aria das der christian art long sentence bach splits parts introduced das der bass voice christ delivers sermon leipzig cello bass octaves doubled strings octave higher bach treatment gentle way portrays displays preacher closing christ lord jesus christ topic love serve neighbour illuminated soaring violin fifth similar treatment previous year reception bound admire emotional wealth bach music poetry gives living reality potentially dry text work numbered bach recordings listing taken selection provided bach website type choir orchestra roughly shown large group red background ensemble period instruments historically informed performance green background | Barmherziges Herze der ewigen Liebe, BWV 185 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
17123_LobetGottinseinenReichen,BWV11 | god kingdoms known marked feast ascension christ probably composed service ascension performed bach composed christmas based luke matthew composed text compilation biblical sources free poetry presumably written worked christmas follows story ascension told luke mark acts structured movements parts taking half hour perform framed extended choral movements concluded fourth stanza hymn christ setting closing seventh stanza set work richly scored feast day exactly like christmas vocal parts strings new compositions bach based choral movements parts earlier model alto aria later mass minor history bach composed christmas based luke matthew work parts performed occasions christmas tide composed appeared year christmas text compilation biblical sources free poetry presumably written written christmas follows story ascension told luke mark acts bible narration compiled multiple sources movement luke second acts acts luke acts luke biblical words narrated tenor men quoted quotation tenor bass sing tells ascension concluded fourth stanza hymn christ setting reflects reaction disciples closing seventh stanza set music narration new compositions bach based framing choral movements earlier compositions model alto aria later mass minor complete edition bach works work included low number bach numbered included scoring structure spans movements parts performed sermon sermon sermon takes half hour perform title page reads viola bach short jesus help formula bach wrote beginning sacred piece title latin translates feast ascension christ scoring mixture french italian names parts instruments vocal parts violins viola bach voices soprano alto tenor bass forming choir work scored exactly like christmas structure shows symmetry central expansive movements complete orchestra frame work parts contain bible narration reflective aria instruments following table movements scoring taken bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time play mentioned music bach scholar compares christmas arrives similarities opening chorus drums intermediate semi dramatic treatment biblical characters men white elaborate finale similar especially christmas begins extended opening chorus conclusion opening chorus believed based movement lost secular movement dance like elements rhythm bach marks bible narration chorus sung bach assigns tenor singing action begins jesus hub lord jesus lifted hands jesus blessing disciples leaving reflecting bass jesus departure shows situation disciples afraid jesus leave soon marked col accompanied deeper reflection expressed aria marked alto alto singer requests jesus stay stay life music based movement lost wedding written bach model alto aria mass minor continues narration ascension und ward apparently lifted closing fourth stanza christ written text nun subject jesus heaven angels elements serving composed setting instruments playing violin enforce tune octave higher violin plays alto viola tenor bass begins und watched telling men white addressing disciples men represented tenor bass duet reflecting alto bald yes come soon requests return jesus parallel bass accompanied ends narration prayed telling disciples return mountain named mount soprano aria jesus gaze based wedding rare pieces bach music strings playing trio augmented quartet singer original words wedding mentioned innocence notes lightly translucent texture reflecting text allusion christ leaving body ascend heaven jones thinks setting represents grace text closing shall happen seventh stanza written set person expresses desire speaker dear time sees glory continuing saying greet kiss set soprano sings long notes melody similar final nun christmas tune church mode appears triumphant context different major key text expresses longing day united jesus heaven interprets mode tune human state waiting hoping represents compares writing opening second cycle finding composition lower voices inventive frequently related images pointing passionate representation kissing beneath penultimate phrase selected recordings listing taken selection provided bach website type choir orchestra roughly shown large group red background ensemble period instruments historically informed performance choir voice green background | Lobet Gott in seinen Reichen, BWV 11 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
17228_MassinBminorstructure | mass minor structure mass minor setting complete latin text short mass end life mainly finished composing new sections compiling complex unified structure bach structured work parts sections manuscript numbered bach usual closing formula found end parts mass latin bach composed settings containing additional settings achieve setting complete text mass combined elaborate minor written court dresden written christmas added new compositions derived movements movements technique known parody mass styles vocal composition containing chant reminiscent renaissance music baroque style time writing dances movement formally mass similar architecture period bach achieved symmetry parts profession faith center movement center bach scored work vocal parts alto tenor bass choral movements parts scored voices bach called rich instrumentation brass strings assigning specific varied parts different instruments history parody mass bach major artistic undertaking reason composition unknown scholars found plausible occasion work intended notes likely bach sought create example vocal composition time contributing musical genre mass demanding prestigious apart opera bach composed minor held latin lutheran services catholic royal court dresden devoted parts new king later poland accompanied letter deepest devotion present small product science attained humble request regard according composition eye mighty protection arranged text diverse movements choir solo voices according taste dresden sacred music borrowed italian opera focus choral movements notes bach expanded near end life years added choral parts opening est originally individual movement composed christmas leipzig movements mass parodies music earlier movements dating far points bach parody bring composition higher level perfection original musical sources movements known lost score shows copied reworked bach selected movements carried similar expression example thanks based thank god thank based general situation christian worrying fearing bach composed court bach quoted chant twice theme embedded complex formally mass bach achieved symmetry parts profession faith center movement center associate professor music history sees similarity architecture period palace versailles bach knew buildings style example built continues symmetry earth mirrors perfection heaven purpose art time architecture visual arts music create entirely new reflect divine perfection way praise god find outline pieces cases outline consequent minor mass parts designed choral sections outer movements framing intimate center theological significance according mass seen kind specimen book finest compositions kind style free writing supreme opening choruses right modern style solos like bach conscious effort incorporate styles available encompass music history far accessible mass vocal sacred music similar collections bach compiled decade life art variations overview bach lutheran background history composition developed decades typical structure mass parts composed compiled mass parts added including new compositions final beginning normally scoring work scored vocal chorus orchestra movements listed table scoring voices instruments key tempo marking time signature source movement numbers follow editions bach consecutive numbering nba numbering individual parts nba voices abbreviated soprano alto tenor bass bach asked practical performances soprano sharing parts second soprano soprano alto choir indicated choir requires vocal parts divided upper voices versus lower voices requires instruments orchestra violins viola mentioned table present time instruments grouped brass strings source parody given movement composed mass title original music year provided known movements scholars assume parody looking indications similarities text musical style manuscript parodies look mentioned source earlier compositions bach basis movements shown structure parts movements section structured following tradition god choral duet different choral minor major sharp minor notes sharp form minor butt notes major central key corresponding christ structured symmetry sequence choral movements solo movements central duet sections opened chorus followed aria closed section symmetry aria followed chorus middle section choral music solo introduced symbol divine glory movements beginning ending major planned architecture keys middle movements central duet key major referring christ human incarnation god appears work movement god movement scored choir strings dresden mass style required opens short section followed extended sections begin instrumental notes similarity theme hugo mass bach probably copied performed leipzig mass slow introduction duet second movement similar late renaissance music movement bach based work composition minor mistakes copying process vast movement aspects movement section voices enter sequence tenor alto soprano soprano bass expanding middle range extreme parts theme expands repeated notes motives leading upwards second section instruments begin low registers voices build extremely low range bass soprano sections instruments open play voices enter christ stresses second person trinity rendered duet lines parallel analogy christ god proclaimed probably parody earlier work bach extant duet stressing idea points duet similar aspects love opera typical features melodies parallel thirds imitating motifs word duet followed dresden mass style second god choral set instruments playing style preferred court dresden theme begins intervals minor seconds major seconds similar motif entrances build lowest voice sequence bass tenor alto soprano according bach style renaissance early composed movement significant product style structured movements similar style music eighteenth century symmetry opening different corresponds final sequence aria leading cum soprano solo violin alto solo choral movements frame central duet soprano tenor text begins angels song luke christmas story bach section central duet concluding christmas glory god highest probably years completion mass opening set chorus beginning instrumental presentation material great contrast section major introducing thought glory god highest set time compared dance continuation thought angels song peace earth common time duration eighth note stays bach contrast heavenly symbol trinity quarters voices start section silent beginning return conclusion aria soprano violin express praise god vivid argued bach thought dresden taste specific voice chorus illustrates idea thanks praise based choral movement expresses idea thanks god praise creation text devoted thanks melody tempo rises gradually falls voices enter instrumental support dense succession second line great glory devoted glory god complex rhythm similarly second line und wonders lead vivid end movement dense movement section addressing god father son duet time soprano tenor voices canon parallel movement likely parody possibly des love duet addressing jesus appear center symmetry respective flute opens orchestra introduces material voices pick points scoring match text lord god heavenly king matches continuation lord god lamb god stressing lutheran theology cross god revealed cross text reaches phase takes away sins world music given choir flute movement based choral movement und text based book similar expression grief bach changed key rhythm different text key minor connects description christ suffering mankind plea mercy similar quest keys form major leading home key major bach uses movement instrumental introduction second continuation thought sits right hand father expressed aria alto probably parody bach earlier settings mass treated movement distinguished jesus right hand father dance like music section begins aria bass showing holy unusual scoring points symbolic function bach expressed text musical means paid respect august iii mass dedicated probably parody movement work horn unusual scoring provides character butt observes bach uses rhythmic pattern movement extended following movement originally independent repeated figure provides rhythmic energy texture cum continuing text cum holy spirit choir enters parts symmetry beginning section followed music corresponds symmetry opening praising god text profession faith structured sections father son holy spirit bach follows structure choral movements section beginning second section duet followed choral movements opening aria followed choral movements center movement set minor lowest key oldest music mass dating begins ends sequence connected choral movements contrasting style containing chant melody chant melodies devoted key words believe confess begins believe god movement choir violins add independent parts theme presented tenor long notes walking bass voices enter sequence bass alto soprano soprano finished line violins enter independently reaching seven complex seven parts voices violins expands theme chant function uses variety second exposition sequence entries bass voice missing leading anticipation climactic entry long notes beginning exposition entry violin ends second exposition numerous devices particular order combination bach created movement structure breeds new momentum movement contrasts following modern style movement contrast reminiscent contrast movements movements recent research dates movement suggests introduction different composer bach began assemble mass thought continued father choral movement movement probably shares original source opening chorus god praise expresses idea thanks god praise creation voices sing orchestra bass introduces theme instrumental opening voices repeat simultaneously firm statement theme contains notes scale symbol bach noted end movement contains measures hint symbolic meaning numbers word appears times words times belief jesus christ begins lord duet time soprano alto beginning canon second voice follows beat instruments play line different movement based lost duet serves basis movement bach headed movement duo translated voices express vocal parts article text included originally line est maria est illustrating descending figure violins bach treated est separate choral movement rearranged text figure lost association est virgin birth est movement probably bach vocal composition dating end weeks text included preceding duet late separate setting words given special attention previous composers mass established symmetry humiliation god born man illustrated violins pattern measure descends combines symbol cross motifs voices sing motif descending enter imitation starting measure voice measure sequence alto soprano soprano tenor bass forming rich texture text maria virgin mary appears upward movement est man upward enter oldest music setting mass dating fourth bass line repeated thirteen times dance movement based section choral movement bach music minor minor changed instrumentation repeated bass note bach begins movement instrumental setting bass line movement started immediately voices suffering jesus expressed melodic lines harmonies motifs final line 13th repeat bass line est buried newly composed accompaniment silent major lead following movement end soprano alto reach lowest range movement final est buried ending movement contrasted followed dresden mass style risen expressed choral movement ascending motifs renders resurrection ascension second coming separated long instrumental followed est come given bass bach voice christ movement dance light movement triple meter upbeat eighth notes bass aria renders holy spirit wind instruments convey idea spirit breath wind speaking person trinity number appears aspects aria sections triple time major key german cross major dominant key major main key superiority contrast minor lowest point architecture open movement theme played parallels later picked voice played sections second time shortened concludes movement sections cover holy spirit father son finally acted church voice sings highest register words holy universal church expands repeat text long words movement christmas dance bass belief baptism forgiveness sins confess expressed strict incorporates choir accompanied walking bass voices perform double entries theme baptism soprano bass followed entries second theme sequence tenor alto soprano soprano bass voices follow fast succession measures apart themes appear complex combinations heard measure canon bass alto long notes measure tenor movement written tempo change rare bach sing word time extremely low range text turns words expect resurrection dead slow music keys touching flat major sharp major bringing sense disorder expectation resurrection come word appears voices sing long low notes illustrated motifs leading upwards expectation world come expect joyful voices marked voices begin imitation text movement based choral movement man der delighted voices statement ends instruments begin short section runs rising sequences alternate voices later embedded word appears runs voices second turn instruments embedded voices upward runs brings section close words life world come extended runs movement dance quick meter upbeat holy independent movement written christmas scored voices orchestra original dating bach asked soprano parts alto tenor bass score duplicate parts performance survived music major common time dominated upper voices sing frequently alternating thee lower voices reminiscent passage angels singing holy holy holy number voices relate wings described passage continuation heavens follows immediately written scoring dancing time quick runs highest set orchestra key time previous movement movement based opening chorus secular probably opening movement secular der der movement contrasts sections development movement dance fast triple meter upbeat following thought blessed comes lord sung tenor aria instrument probably leading repeat intimate music contrasts like written latest sensitive style bach wanted prove command style lamb god sung alto violins source aria possibly aria leave cold hearts movement lost wedding basis fourth movement aria final movement peace recalls music thanks expressed choral movement renaissance style conclusion followed dresden mass style movement based choral movement minor alterations different text text appears theme stressing peace beginning line quoting bach connects asking peace thanks praise god connects composed later parts | Mass in B minor structure | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
17452_AHero'sSong | hero song hero song czech called heroic song orchestra symphonic poem orchestra composed august october premiered vienna december conducting later published berlin unlike symphonic poems work based specific text intended autobiographical piece energetic triumphant includes slower section containing funeral march typical performance lasts approximately minutes instrumentation symphonic poem scored orchestra horns bass drum triangle strings piece instrumentation significant lacks unusual percussion simpler orchestra orchestral works piece attempt convey story merely portrays contrasting moods despair section triumph history hero song orchestral work final symphonic poems water noon witch wild dove instance writing purely instrumental music dedicated vocal works completion began working piece august immediately act opera work completed months time lived summer residence hometown spent time patron piece completed october year published berlin symphonic poem coincidentally anticipated similar tone poem hero life composed year later fact originally intended title piece hero life suggested pupil work premiered december conducted friend supporter wrote premiere received second work hero song wild dove enchanted present premier planned conduct november cancelled plans sudden nervous breakdown words leave berlin wife seeing piece performed previous day conducted performed london hamburg boston leipzig october november finally able personally conduct piece december year content adapted bohemian folklore compositions previous symphonic poems based actual poems czech poet especially collection ballads hero song broke away pattern symphonic works specify specific accompanying text roughly outlined plot later letter lack fixed programme reason relative neglect compared symphonic works suggested work intended autobiographical unusual approach symphonic poem pursued view genre works based eerie subjects appropriate conception hero song musically structured like movement symphony beginning con transitioning slow including concluding coda piece based short energetic theme flat minor played start piece theme featured forms section following slow section marked quiet music hero grief includes funeral march musical form requiem piano hero recovers grief mood music gradually goes flat major leading dance like finally triumph hero represented victorious coda piece run time approximately minutes popular symphonic poems hero song described energy musically rich siblings written year earlier section sadness longing character described variation style slight influence noted funeral march ending compared patriotic music | A Hero's Song | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
18302_Wirdankendir,Gott,wirdankendir,BWV29 | thank god thank sacred composed leipzig annual inauguration new town council performed august year service text unknown author includes movement beginning closing fifth stanza nun den bach scored work movements vocal parts baroque orchestra strings organ organ dominates movement bach derived violin orchestra accompanies choral movement plays voices closing sequence alternating scored bach music choral movement mass minor history words bach composed inauguration new town council celebrated annually service monday following feast day august democratic election ceremonial transfer office council members appointed service year texts related prescribed biblical gospel readings occasion bach written jerusalem den year leipzig service count entire council employer listening probably civil servants representatives administration region notes opportunity bach sacred music direction present composer text unknown author includes movement verse closing fifth stanza hymn praise nun den bach performed august adapted music choral movement minor changes dresden court text expressing idea latin according movement based earlier lost composition bach performed times august august expanded mass minor concluded work repeating music scoring structure structured movements takes minutes perform instrumentation reflects occasion written bach scored work vocal soprano alto tenor bass choir baroque orchestra violins violin solo movement organ score titled der con bach following table movements scoring follows bach voices instruments list bach time signature provided symbol common time listed play music sacred bach opened orchestral early music marked arrangement prelude bach violin bach revised organ strings wedding solo organ plays original violin writing orchestra adds accompaniment vocal movement setting verse und translated king james version bible unto thee god thanks unto thee thanks near works declare contrast introduction chorus begins style grave bass begins great simplicity theme steps tenor starts imitating immediately alto little later soprano illustrates telling god wonders words declare works beginning strings play voices trumpet doubles soprano developing climax reached trumpet enter comments movement begins old style bach method intensification means gradually introduces ultimately allows theme heard thoroughly baroque und strength power set aria tenor voice solo violin equal partners bass praise god mentions god holds hand blessing city soprano aria prayer mit consider love think love god future providence described musical display piece warmth rocking rhythm long stretches vocal sections bach accompaniment instrumental bass register tactic effectively contributes creating sonic impression charm alto prayer future protection mit hand forget later hand concluded choral surprise interpretation line quoted und people shall answer alto performs aria und power repeating reinforcing thoughts music repeats main section tenor aria accompanied organ close connection structure work theme instrument unusual bach closing und mit glory praise honor ends lines fifth verse nun den selected recordings list recordings provided bach website | Wir danken dir, Gott, wir danken dir, BWV 29 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
18632_SiewerdeneuchindenBanntun,BWV183 | den den church composed leipzig sunday ascension performed work includes unusual scoring history words bach wrote second year leipzig sunday sunday ascension prescribed readings feast day serve peter second farewell discourse gospel john promise spirit truth announcement prosecution john composed bach second year format chose services sunday sunday easter returned varied texts period easter based texts including bach later assigned annual cycle begins quotation gospel unknown poet year earlier den prediction persecution christians time come kills think god service john continues stressing lack fear possible follower relies protective arm jesus movements refers beginning gospel spirit assist closing fifth stanza bach performed publication bach music published appeared complete edition composer work bach editor volume question published text collection work ones set bach printed versions slightly different texts believed result composer modifying presented case den differences printed version set bach preceding structure scoring bach structured movements beginning describes curtain line gospel set followed sequence aria aria concluded bach scored work vocal soprano alto tenor bass choir closing baroque instrumental ensemble unusual combination instruments violins viola following table movements scoring follows bach playing shown music movement words jesus given bass voice type convention voice christ year earlier den bach rendered announcement jesus movement duet bass tenor followed agitated chorus sets measures instrumentation novel having long chords accompany voice pedal point held creates sound bach scholar notes scoring playing second movement aria longest work written alto instrument tenor bass range dark shaded movement seen representing protection provided christ denying fear threatening death plays continuous runs movement complex strings play long chords repeat note motif movement sung alto words ready second aria accompanied strings instruments dominated instruments relatively low range having pitch normal closed tune selected recordings selection taken listing bach website roughly marked large red background voice green background large red period instruments historically informed performances green | Sie werden euch in den Bann tun, BWV 183 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
19221_Erforschemich,Gott,underfahremeinHerz,BWV136 | und und examine god know heart church bach composed leipzig eighth sunday trinity led performance july work bach annual cycle began compose occasions year took office structured movements choral movements beginning end frame sequence alternating opening movement based verse closing stanza hymn scored vocal alto tenor bass choir strings history words bach took office director church music leipzig sunday trinity began compose occasions year wrote und eighth sunday trinity prescribed readings sunday romans led spirit god sons god romans gospel matthew warning false sermon mount matthew unknown wrote text closely related prescribed gospel text group following structure biblical text aria aria dedicated 8th 14th 21st 22nd sunday trinity second sunday easter opening chorus based focused examination believer heart god closing stanza hymn melody bach base bach scholar concludes middle section movement composed certainty parts rely unknown secular church according conductor scoring structure movements scored vocal alto tenor bass choir horn violins viola marked kept berlin scholars including believe second choral movements played title original parts reads post und viola sign following table movements scoring keys time signatures taken symbol common time instruments shown separately winds strings playing shown music opening chorus expands verse und examine god discover heart music style expresses confidence facing examination characterized somewhat like rapid arrow stream der movement structure parts choral themes presenting complete text extended instrumental dominated horn heard choral sections preceded choral statement movement play independently double violins soprano vocal sections horn parts intended exceptional bach material movement later cum major der die curse strikes earth renders contrasting change mood bach interprets curse sin hopeless situation humans threat judgment music alto aria tag day come accompanied according middle section wrath vengeance certainly composed middle section marked common time contrasting section marked time signature die heavens pure tends measures violins accompany duet tenor bass der sin voices sing imitation style bach wrote earlier career der blood noble juice expanded parts combination chorus accompanying violin similar written earlier bach selected recordings listing taken selection provided bach website instrumental roughly marked large red background boys bach 1950s instrumental groups playing period instruments historically informed performances highlighted green | Erforsche mich, Gott, und erfahre mein Herz, BWV 136 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
19241_SymphonyNo.5(Nielsen) | symphony nielsen symphony symphony composed denmark performed copenhagen january composer conducting nielsen lacking subtitle non customary structure comprising movements instead common written modern musical language draws theme contrast opposition post world war composition described having elements war composition documentation inspired nielsen write fifth symphony started write generally understood movement composed winter spring stayed summer house early summer end july moved friend home compose able resume working second movement symphony september free time conducting work symphony finished january dated score dedicated new symphony friends having insufficient rehearsal time premiere took place days later conducted composer music society copenhagen score work early 20th century regarded musical piece symphony draws procedures suggested musical breakthrough introduction coda frame episodes developmental space hybrids multi movement forms single movement fragmented nature unpredictable character sudden ending point self conscious modernist aesthetic early middle works non modernist devices including play essential roles written original edition score scored doubling horns triangle snare drum strings optional added edition score revised include flute doubling flute second doubling optional discarded latest edition score produced operation danish royal library edition movements instead usual time nielsen structure nielsen explained jokingly interview difficult write movements symphony finale composers run ideas work profile false turn summary movement battle orchestra snare drummer forces colleagues final bars second movement continues struggle anxiety building final victorious grand explosion tempo non movement begins notes bars single line pair enters initial theme beginning described nielsen scholar words like outer space wave like line appears suddenly aware time dimension theme ends descending scale slide followed subsequent horn flute dialogue prominent feature instrumental pairing lead permanent thematic stability grows persistent strings passage brief warning cry amid background rhythm snare drum violins respond overwhelmed mood savage simpson description flute turmoil continues bass struggles dominant new clash snare drum percussion attempt struggle fails bass flat ominous violin melody distorted huge melodic parameters threatens music fracture collapse phrases music fades leaving tiny hints percussion sounds figure reveals warm theme major non section contrast prior cold landscape texture expands time point major climax major strings soon disturbed evil motif playing element tempo tension wind strings shifts instrumental groups respective directions clash music snare drum tempo quarter note faster orchestra climax comes instruction snare drummer composer costs wants stop progress orchestra instruction included edition score replaced written rhythmic line instruction bars warm theme eventually sustaining affirmed snare drum actually joining orchestral fanfare echoes heard solitary left tragic atmosphere ideas movements thought come gently waving viola line space second movement sections consists exposition fast slow brief coda music bursts major continues great conflicts instruments broad calm theme found slow closure dominant flat major key parameters fall uplifting bar conclusion movement portrayed arising ashes ruins left conflict movement edition book expressed feeling requires deep analysis described fewest possible words founder president commented second movement listener inhabits world calm world produces new struggles menacing dangers transports listener depths heights standard musical perceptions interpretation bearing title nielsen affirmed like previous presents thing music end express resting forces contrast active ones statement student nielsen described symphony division dark light battle evil good opposition dreams deeds hugo described contrast active states mind symphony symphony widely stated work contrast opposition composer asserted conscious influence world war composing symphony added war described fourth proclaimed composer nielsen war symphony fact phrase dark resting forces alert forces found cover pencil draft score nielsen considered contrast movements symphony nielsen wrote presence evil motif movement evil motif strings drum angry aggressive nature theme grows peaceful unaffected brass finally evil way attempt flees major mode solo ends large movement expression idle nature nielsen asserted symphony non expressed views rolling stone hill powers bring stone stone lies powers wrapped kick powers released stone rolls programme reception immediate reception press symphony generally positive especially movement wrote section heard dream giving way dream deeds maybe written powerful beautiful fundamentally healthy genuine music critics hesitant second movement august review commented intellectual art second master speaks pact eternal art shines forth broken musicians opinions divided long time supporter friend wrote nielsen day premiere calling work dirty trenches music fraud fist face novelty sick public commonplace people hand stained blood swedish performance january caused scandal reported audience work midway drums effects genuine panic broke quarter audience rushed exits confusion anger written faces remained tried spectacle conductor drove orchestra extremes volume element symphony way certainly dreamed representation modern life confusion brutality struggle shouts pain ignorance drum harsh rhythm force public fled touch humour decades nielsen music win recognition outside denmark recording live recording produced conducting orchestra edinburgh festival international breakthrough recorded symphony cbs recording helped nielsen music achieve appreciation home country considered finest recorded accounts symphony books david nielsen symphony new_york isbn jack london isbn simpson robert london pages edition reprinted simpson robert london isbn pages second edition completely revised additional chapter articles michael construction nielsen symphony studies copenhagen closure nielsen fifth symphony musical quarterly united_states scores nielsen copenhagen nielsen michael isbn preface sources edition score available website nielsen scores | Symphony No. 5 (Nielsen) | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
19364_Remembernot,Lord,ouroffences | remember lord offences remember lord offences choral anthem english baroque composer anthem setting passage compiled archbishop_of_canterbury later included anglican book common prayer composed circa beginning tenure master composition remember lord offences anthem cappella choir consisting voice parts soprano parts alto tenor bass originally composed measure work key minor arrangements anthem include instrumental accompaniment historian born designated anthem catalogue works duration performances recordings work approximately minutes lyrics anthem drawn passage beginning compiled archbishop_of_canterbury established structures church_of_england reformation prepared church official authorised vernacular service derived text medieval rite added edition book common prayer included subsequent editions set excerpt scholars date composition remember lord offences period generally states included collection anthems compiled time appointed master resignation dedicated years entirely composition sacred music july following death appointed office held simultaneously position westminster abbey personal life married bore son died shortly birth tenure westminster abbey compiled earlier contemporary sacred music including compositions collection use churches extant manuscripts compiled currently held collections university_of_cambridge manuscripts include remember lord offences choral anthems including remember lord offences composed appointment westminster appointment described concentrated involvement verse anthem strings began including string choral anthems shift attributes having resources available appointment adams states anthems period included revisions earlier works including known setting anglican funeral sentences works distinguished complex textures concentration limited quantity material somber expression texts anthems reflect influence techniques developed earlier composers anthems closely related composed friend teacher severe true | Remember not, Lord, our offences | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
20167_DoctorOx'sExperiment(opera) | doctor experiment opera doctor experiment opera acts english language performed june london commissioned opera experiment title doctor introduces gas conservative flemish village result chaotic assistant names combine french oxygen opera explores conflict advocacy scientific political change belief liberation accompanying loss traditional rhythms life bring music predominantly slow moving quiet allocated distinct voice types different types roles town elders young lovers scientists included unusual instruments orchestra jazz bass love scene electronic keyboard instead brass section reception mixed critics complaining wrote members audience music composition history began think opera france production work genre subjects came days experiment unknown subject operas music connection projects work jazz bass chamber orchestra commissioned jazz festival mind title refers river flows town story love scene takes place banks author source composer works thousand leagues sea supplied text different compositions provided inspiration saxophone approached suggestion working opera based time morrison knew story music agreed proposal meeting composer worked concert piece premiered doctor experiment epilogue soprano november composer distracted projects moved bbc general director commissioned scale opera premiered incorporated material doctor experiment epilogue opera main development occurred period morrison received guidance advice opera director developing opera morrison decided flesh roles including aunt added second pair lovers point composer considered giving title role american rock singer recorded versions jesus blood failed looking means making sound distinct rest cast end decided tenor role opera dedicated mother performance recording history opera given premiere london june production scale opera premiered years came year delay doctor received performances run broadcast went partially reprise roles doctor experiment performed brussels october new staging produced conducted original version epilogue given october sung ensemble conducted including bass complete recording exists opera performances available study features original bassist records work performed venues australia belgium canada germany united_kingdom united_states roles music opera scored second doubling doubling doubling bass horns bass electronic keyboard doubling piano string section consisting second violins double including bass 5th string low extension plus jazz player bass percussion consists tubular bells cow bells bass drum suspended mark tree chinese bell tree wind machine wanted scenes lovers purity early music pointed relatively light orchestral textures means achieved improvisation jazz bass confined scene instrument epilogue replaced trumpet traditional brass section bass included reasons doubled jazz bass parts study works opera instrument prominent role les exploited modifications instrument mechanism developed like characters belgian chose distinguish character types vocal ranges given adults town largely given deep voices bass bass men soprano women lovers high voices soprano counter tenor order scientists sound unlike townspeople tenor parts lyric relatively high voice range music post modern largely quiet slow moving critic describes melancholy sweetness differences compares epilogue slow motion climactic moments act violate established pattern different ways fastest tempo opera appears chaos performance explosion act dynamics reception critical reception doctor received mixed summed contrasted reactions follows audience clearly word opera found mysteriously beautiful noted contrast views critics audience reaction positive doctor row lyrical ideas flowering seed bed drama justify stage business enjoy review independent sunday considered opera aesthetic experience dramatic expressed liking brought instrumental writing vocal lines picked love scene final monologue highlights conclusion sounds overall work found mixture beauty conceptual artist opera spirit detachment disbelief hostile critics short week exposure relentless chinese water torture conceive tedious experience watching listening doctor experiment new opera view similar positively thought shown wisdom selecting story setting suited taste slow moving music laid contrast potter felt makes success ensuing action demands receives quicker changes mood tempo establishment real dramatic momentum found premiere triumph morrison appreciated critics charming having wit colours supplying lines individual characters dramatic story telling thought text found problem aggravated high vocal lines difficult words synopsis opera set nineteenth century fictional flemish town act doctor chance chorus sings map townspeople celebrate existence tea discussing small matters scenes parallel laboratory assistant set equipment questions wisdom experiment praises wonders science bring mankind looks forward bright lighting gas plans introduce experiment light slow lives locals expresses concern explosion says safe town hall members town council decide hasty come decision creating new post years discussion continue agreeing pass resolutions matters discuss request meeting town square pairs lovers sing courtship engagements years takes train doctor workers lay pipes chorus wonder background contradictory rumours leading citizens visit initially complaining starting work permission find telling accelerate plans ready week river look forward wedding years away questions townspeople agree lives experiment dismisses comparable asking animals agree people learn thank town gathered watch performance opera les chosen occasion experiment things start slowly speed chaotic experiment proceeds audience join performance occurs challenges duel flirting left left theatre wonders happened sure pay act experiment flow gas affecting townspeople thinking half town including talk revolution pleasure sing making love day die political intend overthrow town council van persuade instead attack neighbouring town incident years earlier involving stray cow appointed war leader kill people thinking research van come demand new weapons agrees supply wants stop experiment says proceed cost van climb clock tower survey troops calm help clean air agree stop war reach air argue urgency war agitated results experiment army calls gas laboratory explosion town badly damaged normal wonders feelings heard calling | Doctor Ox's Experiment (opera) | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
20582_Cantionessacrae(Schütz) | vocal sacred music literally sacred chants collection different pieces vocal sacred music latin texts composed published pieces individual numbers catalogue works general title common time composers including composed based texts voices settings form groups pieces including expressive passion joyful setting protestant composer dedicated work catholic politician von published regarded sacred vocal works 17th century history composed pieces years thirty years war service protestant tried stay neutral texts taken published reprinted subtitled church hymns chants collection david based passages significantly designed intimate private devotion texts believed passion known later writers set texts voices conceived pieces voices cappella publisher requested following lowest voice added pupil published collection fourth work pieces age foreword notes publisher accompaniment regarded vain clumsy dedicated work von influential politician met accompanied emperor ferdinand visit composer described universal sacred work publication latin texts notes employed international language united language communication different potentially addressed christians faith collection collection contains different individual numbers works form groups similar topic pieces marked movement lord prayer repeated groups identifies 13th piece especially sad 29th sing lord happy following table shows sequence number number groups number groups latin term single print line latin text replacing title translation text source prayer book notes translations follow music recording biblical quotation king james version additionally supplied details single pieces composition major influence compositions conducting recordings complete works regards sacred vocal works century comparable italian manner israel published composer friend terms composer pieces notes set person texts avant garde extreme harmonies joy christ dance rhythms collection opens movements addressing jesus based invocation bone good sweet jesus followed asking form group passion set text augmented later authors movement boy notes harmony intensity expression importantly exploration vague ambiguous contradictory equal compares drama light shade paintings ego sleep heart song solomon thou heart song solomon based verses biblical text slightly changed replacing sister beloved daughter reflect composer loss daughter sequence passion positioned collection beginning consider father pious son composed verses non est lord heart group movements sing lord new song setting verses bidding everybody hears sing play lord describes mood happy lord anger set movement reception composer death collection popular sacred choral music known 20th century began earlier public interested works advanced composition analysed illustrated musical examples thesis published dedicated work history texts analysis publication recordings publication appeared complete edition composer works begun published volume completed edition faithful keys problem modern performers published collection modern meter signs critical edition published edited uses modern shows original retains keys note values complete edition composer works begun continuation planned completed edition uses recorded complete recordings works conducted | Cantiones sacrae (Schütz) | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
20712_EsistdasHeilunskommenher,BWV9 | das das salvation come church composed leipzig sixth sunday trinity based hymn das bach composed fill gap cycle written performances leipzig structured seven movements framed earlier setting twelfth stanza original words reformer published lutheran theme salvation sin god grace anonymous content inner alternating bach scored chamber ensemble vocal parts strings gave bass like sermon interrupted reflection tenor aria solo violin duet soprano alto wind instruments history words bach composed sixth sunday trinity filled gap second annual cycle written performance leipzig composed cycle engagement sunday left text later completion based hymn das published lutheran theme lutheran creed salvation sin god grace justification faith summarized stanza deeds help faith jesus christ prescribed readings sunday romans christ death dead sin romans gospel matthew passage sermon mount better justice justice merely observing laws rules matthew stanza hymn matches topic gospel unknown poet transformed seven movements dropping kept stanza stanza movement ideas stanza aria movement derived directly conclusion considered sermon according comments speak god laws lack attitudes clearly planned group fundamental lutheran creed intervening finally reflect extend statements assumes text written bach cycle bach selected hymn stanza conclude stanza conclude parts stanza conclude sage structure scoring bach structured seven movements framing closing sequence alternating scored chamber music ensemble vocal soprano alto tenor bass choir violins solo viola title page reads das bach following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time instruments shown separately winds strings playing shown music opening chorus das salvation come vocal embedded instruments melody soprano long notes lower voices engage imitation scoring instruments flute contrast strings unusual violin takes god gave law sung bass voice christ like sermon deepened exception final line movement und embrace arms jesus rendered major key tender vocal phrase late semi line tenor aria depicts sinking deeply sunk downward motifs irregular rhythm observed image descent abyss sin bass continues sermon das law fulfilled duet lord instead good works set parts equal weight soprano alto voices flute intricate form bass continues sermon time die recognize sin law closing appears set parts bach closing simple lower voices set unusual selected recordings listing taken selection provided bach website recordings traditionally large symphonic groups bach choir orchestra increasingly historically informed performances boys choir dedicated church music chamber groups voice matching instrumental playing baroque period instruments historically informed performance | Es ist das Heil uns kommen her, BWV 9 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
20886_DuFriedefürst,HerrJesuChrist,BWV116 | christ christ prince peace lord jesus christ church written leipzig 25th sunday trinity led performance november concluding year based hymn christ matches sunday prescribed gospel reading general way hymn stanza unchanged text tune set closing unknown inner alternating bach scored vocal soprano alto tenor bass choir baroque instrumental ensemble natural horn enforcing soprano hymn tune strings history text bach wrote 25th sunday trinity second annual cycle prescribed readings sunday coming lord gospel matthew matthew text unknown author based exclusively hymn seven bach cycle known bach scholar notes worked closely bach names likely candidate rector stanza original wording movements transformed movements movement hymn general way related gospel bach led performance november year sunday year parts bach performed scoring structure bach structured movements text tune hymn kept outer choral movements closing frame sequence alternating bach scored work vocal soprano alto tenor bass choir baroque instrumental ensemble natural horn enforcing soprano hymn tune violins viola title page score reads post christ viola con sign following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time playing shown music opening chorus christ prince peace lord jesus christ soprano singing supported horn composer tune known appeared similar melody embedded orchestral dominated solo violin treatment lower voices varied movement lines final set block chords bach scholar notes christ und prince peace lord jesus christ true man true god receives weight lines lower voices begin vivid imitation entrance lines faster movement contrasts melody alto aria die accompanied equal partner expressing soul terror imagining judgement notes bach captured expression deep sadness music tools trade figures augmented diminished melodic intervals harmony tenor consider jesus begins idea des consider jesus called prince peace close theme accompanied quote tune rare bach voices sing trio text recognize guilt illustrate asking forgiveness voices accompanied alto die harsh rod prayer lasting peace accompanied strings ending closing und minds hearts setting choir horn strings selected recordings listing taken selection bach website roughly marked large red background large bach 1950s instrumental groups playing period instruments historically informed performances highlighted green | Du Friedefürst, Herr Jesu Christ, BWV 116 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
21151_Bethena | concert copyright registered march composition work wife death september pneumonia weeks wedding time composer significant financial problems work sell successfully time publication soon neglected forgotten rediscovered result revival 1970s received acclaim biographers critics piece combines different styles music classical seen demonstrating excellence classical composer work described beautiful piece greatest masterpiece finest background composition principal claim fame publication best selling instrumental hit provided composer steady income rest life royalties despite success early career named king numerous contemporaries continued financial problems repeated success fall lost large money national tour opera guest honor box office receipts stolen unidentified associate belongings including score opera confiscated non payment boarding house bills opera considered lost copy registered found subsequently short money thought actively seeking commissions divorce wife disastrous relationship loss infant daughter married year old second wife june dedicated published year died september pneumonia weeks wedding whereabouts unknown point early returned missouri known associates pianist musician lived march registered copyright dedicated work little known louis copyright date significant works registered copyright purposes lack detail aspects life including pieces composed biographer speculated dedication unusual able help professionally showcasing work commissioning recognition personal support given difficult time death origin mystery identity woman featured cover work original publication unknown claimed image wedding day positive identification difficult photograph cover piece subject race clearly work published piano manufacturing company firm published compositions berlin speculates point career despite fame brought unable arrange favorable terms publishers example announced july completion song stand good published copies song found released difficult time emotionally financially compositions released half years death little known insignificant publishers largely unnoticed time publication quality finances remained unsatisfactory state wrote works hire form introduction musical strains different keys major flat major major minor major respectively sections linked transitional passages enable work change key strains means interlude themes written instruction means flowing style piece time main theme repeated times work introduction coda sadly poignant graceful nostalgic mood partly dictated main theme starts melody note major chord creating measure theme set different harmony creates variations variants theme haunting minor key strain strain major key mood combines rhythm conventionally quarter notes bass melody main melody line introduction repeated regularly alternate eighth notes quarter notes rhythm minus final note popular african american dance originated plantation slave communities nineteenth century america ultimately contributed musical style simultaneous sounding independent rhythms combination bass main theme example subtle variations sequence occur work left hand follows standard approach classical bass note followed mid range chords addition passages melodies independently complement example themes examples employing octaves theme key flat major closely related main theme presenting bass melody lines moving opposite directions contrary motion exchanging melodies bars pattern repeats theme opening phrase bars like theme key major evident harmony moving contrary motion bass line similar way section harmony falls bass rises sharp critical reception clear composition reception time piece publication company little previous experience indicate little positive impact composer financial problems wanted considered artist spoke preference classical music compositions operas guest honor indicate trying taken seriously composer like works largely forgotten death slow revival discovery started 1940s concentrated piano played revival decade sales year subsequently records disk sell million copies pieces performed follow volume billboard best selling classical chart september record number follow volume number combined set volumes number separately volumes chart weeks wrote giving artists like opportunity music disk records created revival composition featured soundtrack hollywood film curious case performance composition pianist described critic letting inherent music emerge piece perfectly suited movie tender heartfelt remembrance love lost biographer believed beautiful piece greatest repeated main theme major passages harmonies biographer wrote work masterpiece thanks rhythmic variations beauty strain melodies richly scored harmony especially considered comparison light salon style published year publication described work finest critics praised piece author survey american music noting rhythms combined produce ingenious delightful example stylistic accommodation showing composer adventurous par excellence able combine tradition innovation consistently inventive way critic arranger music solo guitar wrote displayed characteristic style seductive manner time signature | Bethena | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
21200_OewigesFeuer,oUrsprungderLiebe,BWV34 | der der eternal fire source love church composed leipzig sunday based earlier wedding beginning line bach led performance june unknown adapted text movements wedding added central aria alto accompanied muted strings framed outer movements performed chorus baroque instrumental ensemble strings movement quotes conclusion israel peace israel themes eternal fire love dwelling peace suit occasions wedding history text bach adapted movements earlier wedding der movements sunday adding prescribed readings day taken acts holy spirit acts gospel john jesus announces spirit teach john workload composer musicians high christmas leipzig celebrated days texts unknown authorship beginning text wedding kept unchanged image flames spirit love suit events wedding author replace reference united couple reference gospel movement quotes conclusion israel peace israel quote movement wedding quotes movement verses bach led performance june bach scholar notes printed congregation recently found containing texts feast days trinity work dated later revival took place performance material exists music version lost timing bach revisions wedding known likely revised wrote new score structure scoring bach structured movements choral movements framing sequence aria bach scored work vocal alto tenor bass choir baroque instrumental ensemble violins viola bach scholar describes large scale instrumental scoring suited occasion following table movements scoring follows bach playing shown music opening chorus der eternal fire source love illustrates contrasting subjects eternal fire appears long notes held measure flames fire set lively strings voices instrumental comprises sustained trumpet entry active strings drums unlike movements appears beginning end enter holding bars eternal parts fiery notes middle section develops themes minor keys dance like vocal returns time reprise section tenor der lord hearts word truth fast adopts authoritative tone minor mode begins bass pedal expands concept god people outlined gospel alto aria die chosen souls god designated dwelling conveys images incorporating like rhythm melody played muted violins octaves tenths accompanied pedal aria adapted form pastoral character suited original text chosen sheep alludes pastor shepherd souls notes tender pastoral writing thirds blending muted strings satisfying textures calm disturbed momentarily considers piece possibly deeper personal significance bass die die mit god chooses holy dwellings inhabits salvation similar character tenor measures form introduction closing movement closing chorus israel peace israel opens rendering text marked violins play ascending figure notes section reminiscent equivalent opening minor mass slow music text contrasted spirited secular sounding march setting den thank hands sections appear instrumental repeated chorus notes music reminiscent bach works court composed prince concludes extended stretch thrilling orchestra writing choir returns peace israel theme time pulse final shout joy bringing irresistible sunday glorious conclusion selected recordings selection taken listing bach website die bach vol bach sacred vol chorus chorus master ascension day trinity king college choir cambridge bach sixteen collins classics english production english vol holland boys choir netherlands bach complete vol bach festival orchestra recordings bach und die leipzig das mit bach vol production der der | O ewiges Feuer, o Ursprung der Liebe, BWV 34 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
22285_AchGott,wiemanchesHerzeleid,BWV58 | god heartbreak church composed dialogue leipzig sunday new year day text attributed bach leipzig combined topics readings gospel flight egypt teaching suffering christians structure unusual symmetry duet movements dialogues soul represented soprano jesus sung bass voice christ set combining stanza hymn sung soprano original poetry set sung melody come different hymns christ poet wrote fit music bach composed contrast changing meter tune fit different mood heartbreak beginning comfort end bach scored work small baroque instrumental ensemble originally strings probably intended ease workload musicians christmas season later version added trio outer movements bach counted work cycle begun presumably performed january history text bach composed dialogue sunday new year day probably occasion happens years sunday new year day january prescribed readings day suffering christians peter gospel matthew flight egypt matthew year director church music leipzig bach composed occasion text recently attributed theologian student bach bach leipzig topic gospel expands journey suffering contemporary christian focus contrast suffering earth joy heaven outer movements unusually similar soul jesus hymn stanza free text movements includes stanza published movement includes second stanza christ published second volume collection melody hymns appeared poet verse movements similar author expected composer repeat music bach set differently contrasting bach performed presumably january performed january january later version survived bach added orchestra wrote new movement surviving original aria suggests significantly different character version central aria movement survived unknown text changed bach counted work cycle begun year christmas season sunday fell christmas new year different occasion different prescribed readings similar early works cycle focus lutheran hymn hymn composed second sunday according bach scholar numbered successors seventeenth century dialogue compositions dialogue god scoring structure bach structured movements symmetrical arrangement framing surrounding central aria bach scored work vocal soprano bass baroque instrumental ensemble originally violins viola conducted notes scoring voices strings probably intended ease workload musicians busy time christmas season later version bach added trio duration given minutes following table movements scoring follows bach later version keys time signatures taken book bach scholar symbols common time playing shown music structure piece unusually opens closes duet including text piece begins ends major central movement minor second movement minor major fourth movement mirrors motion movement god soprano representing soul singing reinforced bass voice christ delivers original verse melody melody movement marked begins strings doubled rhythm figure characteristic french dominates music figure lament appears upper voices midway movement bass die angry world sections describes history persecution related flight egypt angular phrases second section emphasizes presence god melodic line movement cheerful sorrow soprano aria solo violin movement describes spirit confidence god section includes motto theme transitioning violin melody middle section characterized muscular soprano line oddly bizarre solo violin section returns modified soprano die world cease begins persecution quickly walking final movement difficult journey opens fanfare bass voice sings words similar motif bach violin minor soprano melody original triple time responding line bass voice phrases plays measures voices enter complete selected recordings bach vol advent christmas bach die bach vol sacred vol ensemble vocal holland boys choir netherlands bach vol brilliant classics english berlin complete vol | Ach Gott, wie manches Herzeleid, BWV 58 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
22327_Lafilleauxcheveuxdelin | musical composition french composer eighth piece composer book written late early title french translates roughly girl hair piece measures long takes approximately half minutes play key major piece named eponymous poem known musical simplicity divergence style time completed january published months later premiered june year prelude recorded pieces original version subsequent arrangements background influence title inspired poem scottish songs collection image girl coloured hair utilized fine art symbol innocence musical writers suggested successful portrayal emotions tied musical simplicity prelude specifically technical elements choice simplicity piece highly unusual style time brought simple harmonies utilized earlier musical compositions traditional previously utilized title wrote feature similarities prelude merely distant relationship prelude according music journal 19th century music song earlier works remains unpublished dedicated affair time dedicated compositions wrote history prelude completed january published april year rest book performance given hall london months later june followed american premiere casino massachusetts july performed subsequently french premiere took place following year january paris performing work prelude violin piano created close friend released remains recorded musical compositions despite performance recurring basis prelude remains popular audiences partly memorable tune mellow accompaniment received acclaim emotion describing piece musical analysis placement book known arrangement pianist musical writer asserts prelude immediately forms central arch book structure pieces provide dramatic contrast book sixth prelude des sur snow evokes feeling sadness isolation vent west wind saw seventh violent tumultuous nature stark contrast brings sense gentle warmth music kind placing particular order ensured arguably technically challenging prelude collection vent situated simplest play composition prelude central idea takes title girl golden hair pastoral setting scotland examples music images foreign place scales piece blending chords creates folk like tune prelude uses leading tones piece composed prelude melody movement piece begins known opening theme consisting note phrases grouped eighth note sixteenth notes finishes chords form bars element featured previous second melody enters bars scottish ballad resembling tune style melody opening returns bar added harmony left hand bar melody begins ascent climax piece gradually building use propel peak end bar near end bar melody subsequent measure theme climax repeated octave lower like moves parallel motion featuring consecutive places comes bars measure prelude coda sees return opening theme time albeit octave higher followed motif finally melody parallel movement makes use final leading home key chord root position arrival pitch include left hand described ideal leading tone melody ends octave chords left hand followed right bringing prelude close | La fille aux cheveux de lin | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
22572_LiebsterJesu,meinVerlangen,BWV32 | jesus desire church composed dialogue leipzig sunday performed january bach composed year text court poet published derived prescribed gospel finding temple dialogue instead parent missing son gospel soul soprano misses jesus bass motifs story loss anxious search placed general situation listener identify soul provide closing bach chose twelfth final stanza hymn mit den bach structured movements alternating uniting voices aria finally supported intimate baroque instrumental ensemble strings accompanies soprano solo violin bass play voices united history words bach composed year director church music leipzig sunday prescribed readings sunday taken romans speaking duties christian romans gospel luke finding temple luke bach composed text written court poet published bach set texts composed court set similar work weeks earlier der second day christmas treated gospel dialogue jesus soul dialogue bach assigned soul soprano voice gave words jesus bass voice christ jesus gospel boy parent searching missing son generally expected identify notes bach scholar comments poet takes general motifs story loss search jesus places context believer relationship jesus dialogue refers medieval imagery provide closing bach added twelfth final stanza hymn mit den sung melody codified setting geneva collection david geneva influenced secular song dire contained published bach led performance january scoring structure bach structured movements movements alternating voices united duet finally closing scored intimate dialogue soprano bass choir baroque instrumental ensemble violins viola duration given minutes following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken book bach scholar symbols common time playing shown music dialogue set solo voice shows bach familiar italian contemporary opera dialogue opened soprano soul aria minor marked jesus desire voice complemented described solo accomplice spinning manner bach slow movements distinguishes line different ideas measures sense effort stretching upwards content achieving union lines text treasure bring joy let embrace greatest delight bass answers short sought jesus saying gospel father place expands reasoning aria minor father place embellished solo violin voice words troubled spirit appear mentioned minor mode melody harmony following dialogue und holy great god soul answers opening line dwelling set music central movement requiem bach sets text evocative string accompaniment voices sing time duet nun trouble disappears finally voices associated instruments violin far heard separately writes throw caution winds fine conclusions operas day far skill substance setting hymn die god open gates returns terms style sphere reverence appropriate church service selected recordings selection taken listing bach website roughly marked large red background instrumental groups playing period instruments historically informed performances highlighted green | Liebster Jesu, mein Verlangen, BWV 32 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
22652_StringQuartets,Op.50(Haydn) | string string iii composed set dedicated king prussia reason set commonly known prussian sold set firm knowledge english publisher published manuscripts nos set discovered melbourne australia set movements case movements ordered conventional fast slow fast sequence set complete set set set broad public consumption set experimental intellectual character sets mature received attention performers history conceived set letter publishing house project hold paris seven words christ started work composing february april received letter king prussia praising copies paris sent letter enclosed golden ring sought return favour set king request history publication set remarkable examples financial commercial completed set september sent fifth quartet august offered set english publisher duly printed publishers offer believing offered set learned deal published set december original manuscripts nos set discovered festival arranged melbourne australia anniversary birth concert festival manuscripts presented plastic shopping bag conductor scholar visiting australia time verified scores authentic original manuscripts emerged woman presented manuscripts inherited successive generations english colonel purchased auction new_zealand colonel heirs evidently unaware owned original versions pen discovery publishers working incomplete non original editions overview set quartet flat major iii quartet major iii quartet flat major iii quartet sharp minor iii quartet major dream iii quartet major frog iii previous sets sun russian adopted variety structures set quartet follows movement fast slow fast sequence set characterised high degree use single theme movement number movements including form movements presenting second contrasting theme instead explore potential primary theme set king capable amateur set contains number striking passages cello including opening movement leading passages slow movements nos quartet set flat major numbered iii catalogue movements non finale movement cut common time starts cello playing quarter notes flat measure movement violins viola enter cello notes act introduction critical movement including beginning development sections illustrating movement primary thematic material melody follows cello notes echoed string quartet second movement flat major form statement theme followed variations second flat minor coda similar design slow movement quartet poet set movement theme words inscription monument composer home town movement trio features elements previous movements trio uses beat entries second beat disrupt regular conventional triple metre fourth movement form characteristics false conclusions example music lands end apparent coda followed measures complete silence creating illusion main theme reprised real conclusion work follows measures later second quartet set major numbered iii catalogue movements finale movement time hitherto uncommon opening movements movement departs approach form movements set exposition presents clearly distinct themes second dominant second movement major marked statement primary theme second violin taken violin ninth measure violin enjoys high register movement central section elaborate solo passage end movement movement central section features measure passage sixteenth notes cello specially written opening measure upbeat descending major played violin trio opening ascending played second violin finale form features significant developments simple motif considerable dialogue parts finale contains high degree feature links movements work points key points movement serving different times create commence music away case finale device quartet set flat major numbered iii catalogue movements con finale work terms duration economy thematic material presented narrow registers parts operate movement time form development sections feature example musical jokes case movement form reference historical variation starts statement second phrase movement theme dominant common technique earlier eighteenth century instance liable confuse listener looking statement phrase theme measures later listener presented reprise actually coda coda involves statement main theme listener expecting measures pointed silence form second movement flat major movement involves elements theme variations characteristics form movement unlike conventional theme variation movement minor mode variation placed immediately statement theme normally minor mode theme held later movement second variation involves little actual variation closer literal statement theme form second called variations separated measure free form passage cello enjoys prominent role movement viola bass accompaniment cello presents movement opening theme exception quartet comes half standard measures second half unusually long measures involves deep flat keys trio echoes fourth movements commencing upbeat leading finale completes work theme similar movement trio movement economical exposition development commence nearly identical passages conclude exactly way fourth quartet set sharp minor numbered iii catalogue movements finale quartet set minor key employed sharp minor home key known works symphony farewell piano trio movement exposition sharp minor relative major long development section arrives concludes sharp major argues major key conclusion happy ending uneasy truce way remainder quartet finale concludes minor key second movement continues major minor work double variation form theme major second theme minor movement ends abruptly major chord relationship sharp major trio sharp minor continues overall tension major minor features startling shift second half suddenly interrupted major chord far remote home key passage leads dominant sharp major trio linked rhythmic similarities opening motifs finale builds motifs presented earlier movements writing described tragic scale string quartet argues movement strained tragic dream fifth quartet set major numbered iii catalogue movements tempo finale time signature pulse occurring notes tempo metre movement throwback earlier simpler style opening movement begins simple duet violins second subject area involves rapid movement continues feature subtle conversation violins viola cello resolved coda second movement flat major parts exposition violin plays leading role movement characterised rich textures parts created devices contrary motion movement gives nickname der dream major second half strong chord arrives unsettling conventions toys metre end moves concludes essentially time trio follows theme identical albeit minor key played parts refers finale disappointing movement arguing straightforward structurally lacks internal tension product composer rush finish work holding publication set frog sixth final quartet set major numbered iii catalogue movements finale con choice major quartet second movement minor use open strings allows work set movement opens violin starts proceeds play measure phrase concludes major chord use closing phrase start movement number unsettling incidents movement exposition expected dominant exposition ends movement tentative ending serves link minor proper conclusion form presents single theme exposition statement theme major major movement ends key explicit direction given avoid long pause movements major shortest trio features exceptionally long second section uses drifting melodies pair measure create sense trio reaches proper conclusion continue feature movements ends repetition main theme trio draws final passage marked movements explicit direction performers immediate reprised finale finale brings persistent movement sound effect created resembles frog earned quartet nickname movement mere joke contains important thematic connections earlier movements aside explicit movements result significant degree integration important thematic connection closing phrase opening movement reappears finale modified form longer stands second measure phrase forms movement secondary theme presented context ambiguity inherent appearance movement resolved | String Quartets, Op. 50 (Haydn) | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
22846_Fatinitza | length act pseudonym based set music lead role young russian lieutenant disguise woman changed trousers role words woman played man pretended woman january vienna proved huge success running performances march mit proving particular hit opera longer popular performed stand piece background sprang attempt composers imitate works highly successful performance notable early composers proved instrumental defining new names successful attempt genuine followed successes including die write length despite successes shorter works composers able compete popularity 1860s dominance finally challenged arrival scene 1870s works und die der rom die serving develop genre begun laying finally tried hand length pseudonym previously adapted french play celebrated operas according returned french sources adapting work january prove international success roles note article uses names found original german translations change characters names greater lesser extent synopsis piece begins young adventure ended woman named met hot tempered elderly general fell love disguise love general niece opera opens camp russian soldiers near assigned friend julian special newspaper correspondent mistaken spy dragged camp situation julian disguise eventually leads soldiers consider amateur theatre relieve women present resumes disguise general arrives recognises lost love finds needing play order protect men general anger theatrical costumes regulation uniform niece soon arrives recognises disguise julian tells sister general temporarily leaves soldiers getting act ends band manage catch camp surprise prisoner julian russian soldiers return attack general refuses allow fire hit second act opens turkish fortress run wives wishes add wives highly upset persuades aid escape revealing true identity end julian russian sergeant arrive attempt negotiate freedom release able pass message julian arranges soldiers slip fortress rescue love triangle act opens general sent news rewards found received word found julian confusion lives general unaware love wanting promised marriage old crippled friend advantage available marriage want break word friend announces promised sister friends general agrees break break promised arrives turns old woman julian produce letter real discovering died grief separated general memory gives niece brother legacy rarely performed today time international success composer theatre reunite international successes productions best known popular cross dressing army opera successes later proved popular audiences according lower quality work translated french production brussels opened december despite concerns widow paris refused permission mount work form directors boulevard des altered form paris produced theatre march costumes running nights revived april production received performances title role early translations include czech translation performance prague swedish versions stockholm performances respectively italian translation performance naples english translations london new_york production polish translation performed portuguese translation rio_de_janeiro production translation performed croatian translation production recordings selection musical excerpts english conductor band new_york matrix matrix sound discs min sec rpm inch distributed electrical recordings vertical recording production level soprano general bass soprano tenor des festivals bad conductor dialogue version programme notes synopsis english german french cds | Fatinitza | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
23299_MansingetmitFreudenvomSieg,BWV149 | man mit man mit joyful songs victory church composed work leipzig performed september extant feast topic derived prescribed readings sunday book revelation michael fighting dragon written published volume texts included movement verses closing stanza hymn text focuses guardian angels mentions specifically situation death bach structured work seven movements scored vocal parts baroque orchestra strings derived opening chorus composed history text bach composed leipzig feast extant feast feast celebrating angels prescribed readings sunday book revelation michael fighting dragon revelation gospel matthew heaven belongs children angels face god matthew michael prominent position judaism conducted bach church bach pilgrimage notes composed christmas close relation text later integrated bach mass minor shows relevance angels bach written better known began work collaborated notably major wrote texts including bach composer mind poet included movement verses closing stanza hymn bach scholar notes battle scenes depicted art music opening lines taken battle michael won mentioned movement focus later sequence alternating guardian angels seen holy published year collection und die und appeared quarterly volumes help congregation following text bach led performance leipzig september scoring structure bach structured seven movements scored vocal soprano alto tenor bass choir baroque orchestra violins title score reads simply man mit etc following table movements scoring keys follow bach time signature provided symbol common time playing shown music bach based music opening chorus man mit joyful songs victory final movement secular modern movement described high start notes comparison earlier works occasion movement bach reworked earlier movement considerably adjust court music context joyful songs victory replaced horns music major major expanded level notes beginning different setting text hints fact idea use early music base planned start bass aria und power strength sung accompanied low instrumental melodies examines conflict god includes active represent fury battle imagery great voice mentioned book revelation announcing lamb defeated banished short alto afraid described unstable soprano aria god angels yield lyrical dancing string accompaniment uses parallel thirds similar formally adapted structure tenor thank ends ascending phrase meant represent appeal heaven duet aria alto tenor holy employs canon technique repeated interrupted introduction described athletic lines tenor alto voices repeat opening figure canon work ends complex setting lord let dear little angel prayer sent angel carry soul promise praise god bach setting remarkable final bars create magnificent blaze sound bach chose stanza end work version selected recordings table selection bach website roughly marked large red background playing period instruments historically informed performances green background column | Man singet mit Freuden vom Sieg, BWV 149 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
23573_Nachdir,Herr,verlangetmich,BWV150 | thee lord long early church composed unknown occasion unique bach sparse orchestration independence prominence chorus featured seven movements text verses poetry unknown bach scored work vocal parts small baroque instrumental ensemble violins scholars think earliest extant bach possibly composed history text bach original score lost music survives copy bach pupils composer death date composition known bach earliest surviving sources differ bach composed work balance opinion tended push date beginning bach career suggestions place composition bach worked conductor academic dates work bach scholar dates bach worked catalogue attempts list dated sixth surviving bach placed der earliest der known composed bach worked summer recent scholarship suggests composed bach scholar argued composed scholar identified remarkable concluding movements described bach journal adjusting errors initial letters spell work composed mark councillor birthday april basis date bach time possibly heard weeks later end lent formed test piece appointment composed bach supporter mind notes generally accepted bach church conducted bach pilgrimage performed church probably composed bach time called new church bach biblical verses free contemporary poetry common bach later rare early text movements selected verses author poetry unknown basis text suggested work written service published bach edition bach complete works composer served editorial board bach took interest published adapted version bass line closing work completed symphony structure scoring bach structured seven movements opening instrumental choral movements interspersed scored soprano alto tenor bass choir small baroque instrumental ensemble violins duration minutes following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time playing shown music work begins choral movements repeats tune unusually bach bach makes extensive use choral shifting tempo character music movements quickly accommodate new musical idea successive phrase text opening choral movement based motive octave leap followed descending half steps figure dubbed bass utilized composers early musical representation pain longing introduces thematic material developed later work uses seamless flow melody chorus beginning lord long god hope constructed despite relative episodic emphasizing descending scale motif notes phrases opening following chorus evocative suffering world following soprano aria und remain content brief includes significant word painting fourth movement und lead truth teach short episodic chorus divided sections movement von den winds feel handful vocal found bach movement major drives music forward phrase describing trials penultimate movement den days suffering god end joy features instruments complex texture form major minor major final movement god king long ago form typically constructed repeated ground bass bach uses ground bass possibly borrowing fourth opening movement bach orchestration includes effects seen recalling origin spanish guitar music theological point view bass series movement express baroque musical affect christ leads sorrow joy selected recordings complete vol complete vol english | Nach dir, Herr, verlanget mich, BWV 150 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
23905_BrichdemHungrigendeinBrot,BWV39 | break bread hungry church composed leipzig performed june sunday trinity years earlier sunday bach taken office started cycle occasions year sunday trinity began second cycle consisting composed new work sunday trinity regarded cycle text collection attributed duke symmetrical structure seven movements typical collection beginning quotation culminating central quotation ending theme invocation grateful god gifts share bach set opening movement complex choral structure central movement simple solo bass voice traditionally considered voice jesus instrumentation strings including symbol poverty need possibly time bach scored history text bach composed sunday trinity sunday marks beginning second half year core issues faith doctrine explored bach taken office leipzig occasion responsible education performances regular services main churches town including started project composing sunday holiday year termed artistic undertaking largest scale started project sunday trinity exclusively compose based main lutheran hymn respective occasion years regular composition bach performed relative sunday trinity year later start fourth year office composed occasion prescribed readings sunday god love verses john gospel luke rich man luke bach occasion concentrated contrast rich poor second reflected theme grateful god gifts share according text taken collection attributed duke works collection set music court composer bach frequently performed start old testament quotation focus passage central movement organized text seven poetic movements divided distinct parts parts begin quotation bible bach taken prescribed readings starts quotation book begins quotation forms text central fourth movement derives words prophet love neighbour share god gifts second similarly deals thanks god gifts makes promise love neighbour share poet closed stanza hymn den ideas hymn sung melody codified setting geneva collection david geneva influenced secular song dire contained published bach performed june considered bach annual cycle leipzig second cycle lasted year according cycle date period beginning sunday trinity june lasting years notes bach attached personal significance particular day consequently sought parade work considerable substance structure scoring bach structured parts performed sermon begins chorus followed aria second begins central movement biblical quotation sung bass followed aria concluding bach scored vocal soprano alto bass choir baroque instrumental ensemble alto violins viola represent poverty need mood possibly time bach scored following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time instruments shown separately winds strings playing shown music centred fourth movement words movements choral movements sections utilizing form old testament text movement long opening chorus follows words complex architecture sections section composed parts section begins exposition voices second section starts shift common time characterized texture fluid melody chorus returns triple meter final section includes movement combines elements follows text composition different ideas explains beginning movement text movement giving food shelter clothing seen divine transforming act charity section literally depicts distribution bread hungry distributing chords differing musical forces strings conducted notes opening chorus multi bars immense continues ninety bars time signature changes common time begin answered voices instruments old style bach counter subject suggest clothing naked bar time changes feature lead separated interlude coda sense relief opening sections comes conclusion und health shall spring forth second exposition glory lord shall reward final coda led und die releases energy explosion joy bass leads alto aria violin concludes aria conveys main images imitation ultimate scattering fertile seeds fourth movement sung bass voice jesus jesus said words paul wrote und good communicate forget style typical bach treatment words aria accompaniment repetitive ground bass soprano aria accompanied simple fluid vocal line times quality folk song penultimate movement alto accompanied dense strings closing choral die blessed mercy setting symmetrical predictable phrases half measures later movements flexibility imagination opening chorus phrase text translated music superb quality selected recordings listing taken selection provided bach website type choir orchestra roughly shown large group red background ensemble period instruments historically informed performance green background | Brich dem Hungrigen dein Brot, BWV 39 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
24302_GottistmeinKönig,BWV71 | god king written composer years old unusually early bach date performance known inauguration new town council february text compiled mainly biblical sources different sections verses addition stanza hymn sung simultaneously corresponding biblical text free poetry unknown poet bach time relates political occasion seven movements scored baroque instrumental ensemble including separate instrumental set vocal consort singers optional organ shares features bach early bach church led performance february town main church planned performed twice printed year works printed extant print printed bach lifetime history words bach principal churches dedicated composed earliest surviving early example written previous residence performance composed church service held annually celebrate inauguration new town council unknown speculated text written minister earlier prompted composition bach der thought bach assembled text suggestion unlikely bach musical setting final text departs form evidence way indicate authorship text early pre character featuring combination found later service held february town largest church score indicates bach deployed musicians different locations building composed occasion following year lost theme text centres additional material drawn samuel genesis unusual bach early contemporary unknown poet added free text makes reference new regiment office king germany joseph imperial free city subject immediately emperor quotations verse der god sovereign ancient days salvation brings earth found version god king old working salvation midst earth verses tag und und day night seen sun planets certain courses set borders land day night thou prepared light sun thou set borders earth verse die soul enemy deliver soul turtle dove unto wild beast suggested themes include number distinct allusions relevance inhabitants reference general inclusion verse making oblique reference accessible contemporary audiences fire destroyed parts city importance borders allusion threat city independence posed military campaigns movement combines texts biblical verses stanza hymn reference old age older view suggested likely reference member city council connected bach recent research lead thinking likely refers mayor left office aged years details public private life match extremely texts chosen likely recognized structure scoring bach structured seven movements scored vocal parts soprano alto tenor bass choral writing parts work sung singers called approach performances deploy singers choral sections use larger choir partly question balance relatively large instrumental forces supporting evidence use singers score marking implies bach envisaged option vocal ensemble separate bach orchestra including instruments divided separated placing work tradition associated composers instruments required baroque instrumental ensemble organ violins viola viola following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time playing shown music short movements flow shows typical characteristics traditional 17th century unlike early instrumental introduction conducted performed church bach notes work laid grand scale terms deployment separate instrumental set vocal consort singers optional organ model theatrical performed bach presence opening chorus god king long ago based begins chord major instruments line repeated sections summary end accompanied trumpet fanfare aria tenor eighty years old shall servant burden complimented hymn sung simultaneously soprano earth carry life farther texts deal old age section begins image descending line tenor melody expresses sadness condition old age tune sung usual hymn possibly chosen match theme choral movement und mit das old age like youth god sets biblical passages assuring god people old young set bass sets verses tag und day night form outer sections dealing day night middle section describes light sun joyful motif word painting voice alto aria powerful strength maintain borders based contemporary poetry set major instruments sections triple time marked corresponds god power glory second common time prayer peace earth verse set chorus die soul enemy voices set cello motion notes personal setting movement extraordinary subtlety notes upward feature express sound instruments grouped achieve subtle colour cello strings chorus das regiment new regime expresses wishes peace new council importance significant early work bach differs extant bach time elaborate instrumentation positively received bach works printed paid city council printed lifetime version survived day printing remarkable appears intended repeat performance new piece commissioned following year bach commissioned compose following year council inauguration evidence piece composed printed copies known survive selected recordings selection taken listing bach website roughly marked large red background green background indicates vocalists voice instrumental groups playing period instruments historically informed performances | Gott ist mein König, BWV 71 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
24620_PreludeandFugueonaThemeofVittoria | prelude theme prelude theme work solo organ composed commissioned performed september days composition uses theme spanish composer prelude played repeatedly basis piece lasts minutes performance mixed reception writer noted difficulty finding suitable organ perform piece given difficulties finding appropriate registration meet requirements reviewer concert performance 1960s called contrived attempt bricks straw commentators favourable piece background english composer asked write prelude matthew church performed matthew day september days composed story wrote bed morning breakfast previously commissioned vicar write lamb church anniversary organ accompaniment organ original way prelude pieces based themes composers wrote orchestra based piece structure sections piece based theme great priest spanish composer theme comes melody day feast day saint bishop notes long range widely prelude time bar opens statement theme played played time marked loud theme repeated frequently prelude marked broadly prelude takes half minutes performance thirteen bars long theme little development subject section time bar marked con walking pace movement mainly writing frequent rhythmic changes gradually builds climax bar new melody added right hand theme gradually piece dies away parts quietly left right hands play theme bar apart canon piece lasts minutes assessment piece mixed reception supporters says players like despite written average parish fair chance play american musician reviewed piece publication stating written organ remarkably free problems found modern organ music thought gave impression having written organ mind adapted piece intended instrument unlike contemporary organ works commented theme provided little melodic rhythmic interest thought suggestion theme stuff great music remarked exciting pedal flourish opening piece attractive use melody harmony grand lingering listener interested early reviewer described means academic style suggests modern romantic composer appreciation aspects classical organ school review noted accents marked piece incapable realization usual methods suggesting organ included concert london november honoured birthday performances lesser known works review times remarked favourably solo organ piece critic said contrived attempt bricks straw describes excellent notes orthodox layout textures comparison organ writing lamb festival regards prelude majestic describes ending charming canon expert describes piece naming slight organ work piece bad press dismissive comments according bond fresh vital work finer accomplished piece sounds performance notes difficulty finding best registration registration suggestions given best organ perform piece require steady considerable changes volume changes tone quality produced organ demands clarity combination requirements difficult organs meet right organ bond says piece sound particularly striking bold telling occasionally moves passages creepy vigorous nostalgic finally albeit pedestrian | Prelude and Fugue on a Theme of Vittoria | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
24849_StJohnPassionstructure | structure structure john passion german passion sacred carefully designed great deal theological intent main aspects structure shown tables original latin title translates passion john bach large choral composition parts german text written performed lutheran service good friday based passion told chapters gospel john john john translation short version gospel matthew gospel mark service parts work performed sermon covers events peter denial jesus concludes burial jesus bible text reflected contemporary poetry end scene narration similar way ends bach anonymous poet supplied texts quoted passion texts inserted bach led performance april leipzig repeated times experimenting different movements changes resulted versions fifth performed representing standard version passion close bach heart immediate dramatic quality structure text gospel gospel account john narrates story scenes corresponding movement numbers given bach nba arrest john denial palace high priest john hearing john john death john burial burial site john regard movement conclusion scene aria action courthouse including regard scene ending comment bach incorporated short version matthew gospel mark matthew john describing peter matthew john describing tearing temple curtain version replaced mark narrator tenor jesus male characters sung bass people called die jews sung chorus dramatic movements immediate dramatic quality kind musical equivalent passion play relies setting interaction historical persons jesus peter crowd soldiers priests populace points structure reflect narration lutheran hymns possibly bach influence selection set common time parts instruments playing voices conclude scene movements opens comment scene including central movement passion accompanies bass aria texts written 16th 17th century authors reformation hymn writers including central common hymn contemporary text level text contemporary poetry reflects biblical narration compiled unknown author partly existing text passion der die der und den hamburg copied movements found movement der leipzig took movements partly scoring work scored vocal soprano alto tenor bass choir orchestra violins viola bach added instruments special effects old fashioned time viola viola bach differentiate voice christ singing words jesus bass tenor symmetry work displays thoughtful symmetry center parts court hearing confronts jesus people middle hearing argument talks prison freedom surrounded choral movements ask jesus use musical motifs second time intensified symmetry similar musical material preceding choir explains law corresponding movement reminds emperor authority challenged calling king preceding jesus greeted king corresponding motif later request change inscription saying king claimed king versions bach led performance april service good friday performed sermon sermon bach performed second version good friday year later march changes date version version version bach opened man sins great stanza hymn movement ultimately conclude matthew passion returning previous chorus later versions alternative sung choir replaced closing movements chorus christ lamb god published bach took movement und audition piece leipzig post passion version bach wrote matthew passion returned opening chorus final chorus position eliminated gospel passages matthew closing version bach returned version possibly revised thoroughly began new score covers movements observes revised score constitutes extensive stylistic overhaul improvements writing partial restructuring instrumentation particular attention paid word setting accompaniment bach performed john passion performance passion writes bach experimented john passion large scale composition possible work structure gospel text backbone interspersed features exchanged concludes work accompanied bach right year thomas penultimate year life reason close heart overview following movement numbers nba version noted detail movement inserted jesus said arrest let disciples mighty love love measure stanza hymn personal reflection speaker sees contrast pleasure world suffering jesus ending short und thou suffer second movement ends scene arrest jesus remarks lord god alike stanza hymn lord prayer movement inserted jesus asks beat justification hymn comment scene stanza hat thee stricken stanza und highlighting personal responsibility speaking suffering jesus fourth movement ends second scene arrest denial peter der peter fails think scene stanza hymn und fifth movement opens scene court hearing der christ blessed stanza hymn jesus endure innocent captive falsely indicted mocked sixth movement comments jesus addressed different kind kingdom stanza allen mighty mighty ages reflects kingdom need thanksgiving stanza inability grasp mit reason seventh movement central movement passion conversation crowd general statement importance passion salvation die prison son god come freedom known hymn text aria john passion seventh movement ends scene court hearing refuses change inscription heart foundation stanza hymn eighth movement related jesus telling mother john care stanza hymn ninth movement bass aria follows immediately report death jesus der nun jesus thou suffered death forever final stanza hymn tenth movement ends scene christ help christ son god stanza hymn eleventh movement ends passion lord let angels dear stanza hymn tables movements following tables overview versions passion performed versions movement numbers given bach nba older bach voices appear columns depending text source bible contemporary poetic reflection instrumentation added instruments followed key time signature nba number corresponding movement work symmetry version extant flute parts version movements normally require violins doubling performed bach lists version version addition flute parts late sunday trinity bach revised heavily text music added movements passion texts thought listed version iii version bach reverted original layout previous revisions additions decided compose true eliminated material inserted gospel matthew ends measure movement eliminated altogether replaced lost viola replacing organ con possibly performed definitely listed essentially reworking 1st version version detail oriented work march working revision bach informed performance passion setting ahead official permission likely effectively halting plans year response bach performed friend stopped movement continued work revision borne score parts listed version essentially production version alterations text changes movements instrumentation reflection performed likely repeated represents outside largest instrumental ensemble calling 1st violins time work calls choral parts instrumental listed scores scores passion version retrieved march passion second version retrieved march passion version retrieved march passion fourth version retrieved march passion standard version retrieved march free choral sheet music retrieved march version retrieved april version retrieved april traditional version retrieved april books franklin john passion theology musical structure volume isbn alfred german isbn german isbn michael choral listener guide isbn online sources passion retrieved march passion retrieved march thomas melodies bach vocal works mit retrieved march francis retrieved march bach leipzig passion retrieved march allmusic retrieved march die und der interpretation von bach german isbn frank passion german passion bach retrieved march bach john passion retrieved march john passion retrieved april | St John Passion structure | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
25026_ViolinConcerto(Mendelssohn) | violin minor large orchestral work forms important violin repertoire popular frequently performed violin time typical performance lasts half hour originally proposed idea violin ferdinand david close friend leipzig orchestra conceived work took years complete premiered time maintained regular correspondence david gave suggestions work foremost violin romantic era influential composers consists movements standard fast slow fast structure movement follows traditional form innovative included novel features time distinctive aspects include immediate entrance violin beginning work following orchestral preview movement major themes typical classical era composed form movements connected played movement immediately following previous received soon regarded greatest violin time remains popular day developed reputation essential aspiring concert master usually romantic era learn professional recorded work regularly performed concerts classical music competitions wrote violin string orchestra minor years old time produced string work rediscovered recorded history following appointment principal conductor leipzig orchestra named childhood friend ferdinand david orchestra work origins derive professional collaboration letter dated july wrote david like write violin winter minor runs head beginning gives peace took years complete possible reasons delay including self doubt symphony unhappy period berlin request king prussia david kept regular correspondence time seeking technical advice violin composed input professional influence future collaborations score dated september seeking advice david premiere performed leipzig march ferdinand david unable conduct illness premiere conducted danish composer conducted october ferdinand david instrumentation work scored solo violin standard orchestra period consisting horns strings movements consists movements following tempo markings minor major non major minutes instead orchestral opens immediate entry solo violin playing tune minor gave peace following rapidly ascending notes opening theme orchestra transition passage music second subject theme major melody initially played providing pedal note open string tune played solo violin short ends exposition section opening movement opening themes combined development section music builds innovative wrote allowing builds speed rhythmic shifts finally require serves link opening melody played orchestra accompanied continuing opening themes repeated second theme played major returning minor closing movement music speed coda marked variant original transition passage ends movement minutes final chord movement moving middle serves key change minor opening movement lyrical major slow movement movement form reminiscent songs words theme darker middle section minor introduced orchestra violin takes melody accompaniment simultaneously accompaniment requires music returns main lyrical major theme time leading conclusion non minutes following second movement brief fourteen bar transitional passage minor solo violin strings leads lively finale major opening marked trumpet fanfare movement form opening theme requiring fast passage work opening exposition leads brief second major theme played builds series rapidly ascending descending reminiscent movement orchestra plays variation opening melody music moves short development section major essentially similar exposition apart addition counter melody strings second theme repeated time home key major small near end movement play main tune prolonged solo violin concludes coda analysis innovative respects movement departs typical form classical ways immediate entry outset occurs piano movement conventional form theme played solo violin orchestra classical typically opened orchestral introduction followed version essentially material incorporates novel written located typical classical improvised performing occurs end movement final coda written included published version instead streamlined version ferdinand david complexity original played version today artists play original performs violin stands previous connected movements break second movements note held passage movements begins immediately slow movement melody similar opening hints form piece linking designed eliminate applause movements come surprise audience unlike today movements calls orchestra extended periods start novel violin time legacy violin influenced composers adopted aspects example unusual placement reflected violin similarly placed serves extend development section following rare composer leave days linking movements influenced second piano instant success warmly received premiere received contemporary critics end nineteenth century piece considered greatest violin repertoire popular pieces regularly performed interest music declined early twentieth century year death celebrated told guests 75th birthday party germans violin greatest seriousness richest seductive written inward heart jewel work developed reputation essential aspiring violin conquer led virtually discography concert including active dawn recorded sound little recorded music exists remains technically challenging generally considered difficult famous counterparts recordings vast discography following recordings received notable awards outstanding reviews violin conductor highly recommended violin montreal conductor star violin conductor violin chamber orchestra europe conductor highly recommended recording magazine april violin conductor editor choice magazine february recommended recording february violin conductor disc month magazine june conductor editor choice magazine february | Violin Concerto (Mendelssohn) | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
25123_HaltimGedächtnisJesumChrist,BWV67 | halt christ halt christ jesus christ mind church composed leipzig sunday easter performed april based prescribed gospel appearance jesus disciples thomas unknown poet compares situation doubtful thomas christian general places easter hymn der tag centre repeats line mit peace times ends stanza hymn christ thou prince peace lord jesus christ bach structured work seven movements arranged symmetry central scored solo voices choir baroque instrumental ensemble slide horn hymn tunes strings unusual central contains dramatic jesus repeating peace enemies history words bach composed year leipzig shortly performed sunday easter called prescribed readings sunday faith victory john gospel john appearance jesus disciples thomas jerusalem john unknown poet begins verse remember jesus christ raised dead poet sees thomas similar doubtful christian general heart peace center easter hymn der tag glorious day appeared praising day resurrection contrast movement recalls danger enemies movement jesus appears disciples jerusalem finally bringing peace line mit peace repeated times framing poem closing stanza christ thou prince peace lord jesus christ bach led performance april structure scoring bach structured seven movements arranged central scored work vocal alto tenor bass choir baroque instrumental ensemble slide horn bach scored short period violins viola following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time playing shown music opening chorus reflects contrast hope resurrection versus simultaneous remembrance doubt present chorus structured symmetry seven sections beginning instrumental instruments horn introducing theme representing remembrance melody resembles choral tune bach later use opening movement matthew passion bach alludes idea jesus suffered sins world rose second section melody sung lower voices stress word halt hold chords section repeat melody simultaneously sing rises fast movement octave illustrating resurrection fourth section reprise voices added variation sections follows tenor aria jesus jesus arisen accompanied theme presented opening strings later picked voice illustrating word upward run easter hymn der tag marks center composition symmetry framed alto second reprise idea solo singer alternating chorus extended following movement bass aria chorus mit peace string introduction depicts agitated passages time attack enemies describes dramatic strings work storm illustrate raging soul enemies sharp contrast bass voice christ sings jesus verse gospel peace times accompanied rhythm time marked piano describes music gentle rocking cradle like rhythm creating perfect atmosphere peaceful upper voices choir answer music introduction seeing jesus help battle und die der answering repeated times poem reflecting strengthening weary spirit body und finally overcoming death den following fourth appearance peace accompanied strings peace finally achieved describes movement scene continues bach resorts unconventional means shows musical process stresses element contrast comments words faithful agitated tumultuous string figures whilst jesus peace sounds embedded pastoral wind bach adapted movement major closing christ setting selected recordings table taken selection bach website performing groups roughly marked large red background green background indicates vocal singing voice instrumental groups playing period instruments historically informed performances | Halt im Gedächtnis Jesum Christ, BWV 67 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
25639_Weinen,Klagen,Sorgen,Zagen,BWV12 | worrying fearing church composed sunday easter led performance april court chapel bach appointed spring position called performance church month composed second series text probably written court poet work structured seven movements instrumental choral bible quotation closing stanza hymn das scored vocal choir trumpet violins bach performed year director church music leipzig april reworked section chorus form movement mass minor based extended keyboard compositions material history words march bach appointed court reigning august assumed principal responsibility composing new works specifically palace church monthly schedule second series composed sunday easter palm sunday prescribed readings sunday submit ordinance man peter gospel john jesus announcing second coming called saying sorrow shall turned joy john text depicting christians pass assumed written court poet wrote texts bach period follows details gospel idea reading man conscience god endure grief suffering verse text opening chorus corresponds john text taken acts enter kingdom god contends true disciples addressed directly christian movement sees suffering jesus afflicted christian movement voices decision follow jesus suffering movement offers short time sadness overcome movement revelation closed sixth final stanza hymn das theme text situation god temporary absence bach performed court chapel april performed leipzig year april leipzig beginning trade fair easter fair attracted visitors weeks predecessor noted visitors distinguished gentlemen certainly want hear fine principal churches bach reworked section chorus form movement mass minor central movement work decades later based works keyboard organ piano section movement prelude theme variations theme scoring structure seven movements scored vocal alto tenor bass choir trumpet violins duration given minutes following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time music score titled notes keys closing upwards like ladder ascending thirds opened marked resembles slow movement expressive solo choral movement worry despair form section built old style time fourth repeated times notes arrived similar motif lament opera bach probably know words sung different vocal overlapping beginning highest voice sings extended setting intensified seventh repeat voices continue text simultaneously angst und need trouble ninth repeat similar extreme harmonies twelfth repeat instrumental middle section line christians die das bear marks jesus marked contrasting mood section marked voices enter beginning lowest rising middle section instruments play voices describes section impressive deeply affecting movements bach composed point das enter sorrow accompanied strings german sorrow mentioned final kingdom god bach repeats beginning text times singular destination appears key word illustrated time downward line time intensity end ascending scale violin illustrates idea entering kingdom god scale major movement minor symbol seen present scale related beginning tune closing und cross crown bound reflects conflicting motifs und cross crown und conflict jewel aria alto voice present form frames accompanies vocal entry heard times different context related movement music illustrates union contrasting elements beginning sung measure jewel appears voice accompaniment text repeated middle section bach experimenting form second aria follow christ decision follow jesus walking steps imitation symbolize following motif upward scale illustrating direction heaven played violin imitated fast succession second violin voice enters motif end steps expanded octave reaching heaven bass singer interpreted mystical union man god aria faithful pain trumpet plays tune bach thought stanza away spirits form aria follows bar form instead usual form closing das god set parts illuminated instrumental use trumpet played preceding aria selected recordings table entries list recordings selection bach website roughly marked large red background voice green background large red period instruments historically informed performances green | Weinen, Klagen, Sorgen, Zagen, BWV 12 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
25899_SiewerdenausSabaallekommen,BWV65 | come forth church composed leipzig performed january bach wrote conclude christmas season leipzig celebrated new compositions new text anonymous author possibly supplied texts christmas combines prescribed readings feast day prophecy book gospel matthew wise men east begins quotation prophecy comments stanza early anonymous christmas carol kind says sequence prophecy fulfilled concluding christian bring heart gift ends stanza hymn und bach scored seven movements vocal tenor bass choir baroque instrumental ensemble horns strings orchestra plays opening chorus aria closing history words bach wrote year director church music leipzig conclude christmas season celebrations days christmas new year day following sunday performed new compositions new major tag major flat major der hat der lied jesus prescribed readings feast day taken book convert gospel matthew wise men east bringing gifts gold newborn jesus matthew unknown poet text second day christmas person competent bach scholar writes begins final verse reading prophecy shall come shall bring gold poet prediction stanza old anonymous christmas carol kind born describes arrival kings related gospel prophecy concludes christian duty bring heart gift jesus idea theme following aria second equals gifts contemporary christian kings faith gold prayer patience aria expresses devoted christian offers heart present ends text extant assumed stanza hymn und bach performed january christmas bach dedicated die topic occasion performed january scoring structure bach structured seven movements opening chorus followed ancient male sing sequence aria work completed closing bach scored vocal tenor bass choir baroque instrumental ensemble horns violins viola bach employed pair horns christmas der later christmas christ later christmas wrote title core viola con means jesus help feast hunting horns violins viola voices following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken book bach scholar symbol common time playing shown music bach uses scoring especially instrumentation illustrate contrast poverty abundance strings silent aria supported low register orchestra kinds wind instruments strings accompanies usual opening chorus closing penultimate movement tenor aria expressing believer gives heart present notes bach combines high art folk style opening chorus come forth depicts gather horn signals prevail movement canonical imitation developments illustrate growing crowd central section extended choral framed sections voices embedded repeat instrumental introduction remarked connection bach pilgrimage instrumentation resembles near eastern music representing high pitches associated oriental music tenor register evoke like double reed instruments idea rendered stanza archaic christmas carol die kings came telling kings mentioned melody triple time set parts das happened applies situation individual christian offer gift heart explained ending notes unexpected harmonies stable mentioned illustrate birthplace aria gold gold accompanied low register bass voice conveys expressed words instruments repeating motif reminding initial idea gold good tenor light soul heart begins plea expressed downward line ninth ends notion des abundance greatest wealth day heaven abundance dance like aria accompanied wind instruments playing instead conventional aria bach creates bar form repeating text second idea new musical material long measures contains unprecedented variety instrumental writes closing nun fall god fall hands sung melody das bach frequently later base movement matthew passion selected recordings listing taken selection bach website roughly marked large red background performances voice instrumental groups playing period instruments historically informed performances highlighted green | Sie werden aus Saba alle kommen, BWV 65 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
27495_Wahrlich,wahrlich,ichsageeuch,BWV86 | sage sage truly truly church composed leipzig fifth sunday easter performed unknown poet began text quotation farewell jesus stanza hymn movement closing stanza das bach structured movements gospel quotation beginning movements scored vocal choir baroque instrumental ensemble strings history words bach composed leipzig annual cycle fifth sunday easter called prescribed readings sunday word listeners gospel john farewell jesus prayers fulfilled john theme quotation gospel beginning promise jesus unto whatsoever shall ask father unknown poet movement 16th stanza hymn closing eleventh stanza das poet hints question promise understood looking reality life movement uses image rose illustrate conflicting aspects movements confirms promise seen perspective time movement refers waiting promise kept closing assures god knows right time structure movements gospel quotation beginning movements sequence similar performed week earlier bach performed scoring structure bach structured movements beginning biblical quotation jesus speaking aria followed soprano set aria closing movement choir bach scored work vocal alto tenor bass choir baroque instrumental ensemble violins viola following table movements scoring follows bach keys time signatures taken symbol common time playing shown music gospel quotation sage den truly truly ask father given given bass voice jesus instruments strings probably doubled introduce vocal motifs voice picks bass sings text times instruments continue playing motifs observes text nature melodic ideas gently flowing rhythms combine create appropriate atmosphere restraint alto aria roses voice accompanied strings violin illustrate heavenly light promised final conducted interprets solo violin motif image rose notes solo violin silent reached pledged word und der hat god promised word soprano embedded trio notes music illustrate host hymn text refers short tenor tenor die die und god world promises little notes moment harsh severity melody mention world tenor aria die god helps help delayed motif line introduced violin repeated voice repeated times closing die der hope right time set parts selected recordings selection taken listing bach website roughly marked large red background vocal groups voice instrumental groups playing period instruments historically informed performances highlighted green complete cycles | Wahrlich, wahrlich, ich sage euch, BWV 86 | Music | Classical compositions | Classical compositions |
1299_MarioBros. | platform game published developed arcades nintendo created featured super mario advance series numerous games released wii virtual console services japan north_america europe australia game mario portrayed italian american younger brother defeat creatures coming new_york_city gameplay focuses mario backs kicking away original versions arcade version nes version received positively critics gameplay features mario having investigate new_york strange creatures appearing objective game defeat enemies phase mechanics involve running jumping unlike future mario games players jump enemies turned phase series platforms pipes corner screen object called block center phases use meaning enemies players opposite player gains points defeating multiple enemies participate bonus round gain points enemies defeated kicking flipped accomplished hitting platform enemy directly beneath player allows time pass enemy flip changing color increasing speed phase certain number enemies final enemy immediately changing color increasing speed enemies simply walks requires hits flip moves jumping flipped touching platform turns platforms slippery ice dies immediately instead block enemies touching platform floor player hits times disappears super mario game version uses causes opponent lose card enemies flipped feature small remake pipes straight occasionally large coins appear enemies defeated collected bonus points game progresses elements added increase difficulty bounce screen travel directly form platforms fall loose bonus rounds players chance score extra points lives collecting coins having deal enemies block screens development created lead developers video game mario dies falls far suggested able fall height sure thinking game eventually agreed thinking okay abilities designed prototype mario jumping bouncing satisfied element enemies introduced suggested observing work multiple floors proved easy eliminate enemies way developers fixed requiring players touch enemies flipped defeat introduced turtle enemy conceived enemy hit mario appearance hat thick thought opposed carpenter designed game reflect contributing factor game setting large network giant pipes felt change occupation necessary popular story mario went mario italian american landlord staff demand rent decided felt best setting game new_york subterranean network sewage pipes pipes inspired manga states feature waste grounds pipes lying game way allow enemies enter exit stage avoid getting enemies stage green coloring pipes nintendo late president called uncommon color came having limited color palette wanting things colorful added green best worked shades combined platform games created introduced mario brother created multiplayer mode palette swap mario player mode aspects gameplay inspired earlier video game called date released dozen platforms movement start game song later video games including dance dance revolution mario mix brawl ports follow ups despite innovations major success north_america video game crash receive number home versions bit computers commodore versions port commercially released version bit computer version port programmed home versions game feature falling nes version omitted space constraints early nes conversion sold game virtual console service north_america australia europe japan wii nintendo 3ds remade copies games game boy advance super mario advance series included mini game game boy advance version included free games given nintendo 3ds ambassador program inclusion cart port island games list potentially slated second release time classics remake nintendo 3ds feature camera support support analog support release featured games nes released 3ds tech demo called classic games nes version included piece furniture animal crossing gamecube nes games required use nintendo reader game boy advance north_america exclusive version later released second series released mini series japan improved port called released japan added features revisions gameplay featured cutscenes advertisements sponsored food company rare available disk writer promotion later nes port released exclusively europe called version refined control stage closer original arcade version different games based imagining original new phases mechanics gameplay second mario featured new gameplay mechanic involving punching small balls enemies games released described average best worst games series game released developed straight remake working title mario game objective game knock enemies particular phase instead hitting like player hit enemies shells wii game super mario world contains version starring game unlocked console contains save data player completes world reception successful japanese arcades arcade mildly rare date japan nes version sold million copies mini release nes version sold copies despite released north american video game crash arcade game industry affected video game author considers memorable classic games opinions nintendo_entertainment_system nes version mixed receive positive reviews gamers review virtual console game gamespot criticized nes version poor port arcade version virtual console version particular heavily criticized gamespot criticized saying port inferior version retains technical flaws found version criticizes ports general saying ports nintendo history ign complimented virtual console version gameplay critical nintendo decision release inferior nes port virtual console ign agreed issue number ports said people super mario advance games version worth wii points nintendo reader version slightly received ign praised gameplay criticized lack multiplayer worth purchase super mario advance versions super mario advance releases superstar saga featured version titled mode included super mario advance praised simplicity entertainment value ign called mode fun review super mario world super mario advance complained nice developers come new game replace review island super mario advance criticizes review super mario advance nintendo chose add multiplayer mini games found game sticking instead identical version game found previous versions gamespot review super mario advance super mario calls feature simply reviewers negative feature use later super mario advance games despite use criticized super mario advance games gamespy review called version found super mario advance blast play multi player requires game boy advances copy game link cable | Mario Bros. | Video games | Video games | 1980–84 video games |
1688_SabreWulf | action adventure game ultimate play game game series player jungle flip screen maze aiming reconstruct escape maze divided edge edge screens filled colourful flora enemies spawn randomly ultimate released game spectrum average price combat piracy game premium packaging company standard ultimate developer known secrecy finished sequels advance release withheld marketing purposes swiftly released year ultimate hired outside developers ports commodore platforms game subsequently included multiple compilation releases including ultimate rare retrospective reviewers lauded game graphics found gameplay similar ultimate previous release preferred reviewers noted game difficulty recommended gaming publications won best maze game crash reader awards financial success reached format charts listed multiple lists spectrum games introduced character ultimate rare intellectual properties game series gameplay player fight way jungle reconstruct order leave collecting pieces developer player bypass guarding cave exit leads game sequel presented flip screen maze paths bordered tropical flora player views single small static area maze time player character reaches edge screen section maze loads screens maze player receive explicit guidance play left game objectives trial error graphics fill screen interface inventory damage apart high score meter corner eat power ups bloom seconds turns colour receives abilities helpful like faster walking speed slower walking speed reversed controls collects treasure extra lives scattered maze map drawn grid populated attacking enemies bordered player swings sabre push fire button defeat enemies spawn random locations screen enemies include spiders snakes bats indigenous people sleeping fast wolf titular enemies flee hit sword affect wolf cave guardians appears pursues player long screen apart jungle game settings include mountains lakes game begins electronic rendition classical music composed bach versions optional player mode players turns controlling development ultimate play game developer known secrecy distance game development circles reveal details development practices upcoming games little known process apart sage computers preferred develop spectrum chose development platforms ran releasing end ultimate went silent ran teaser advertisements april company rarely depicted actual gameplay advertisements prepared game series character introduction ultimate founders tim withheld year felt sold players saw graphical knight lore known seminal work british gaming history iconic game 1980s format ultimate released spectrum titles soon followed ultimate game use company standard price mysterious packaging ultimate nearly doubled usual retail price saw bold step combat piracy expected legal owners protective letting friends copy expensive copies ultimate seen competitor prices slowly increasing felt price fair time invested game high quality big cardboard box glossy instruction manual upgrades regular game packaging ultimate standard packaging new games company game packaging showed game world ultimate games display internal credits hired outside developers complete ports consoles wrote conversion wrote commodore conversion licensed sabre later appeared compilation collection spectrum games sold million units compilation released converted platform eventually released standalone edition appeared alongside sequel commodore pack august xbox compilation ultimate rare titles reception reviewers appreciated game graphics found gameplay similar ultimate previous game particularly opening sequence maze format reviewers preferred critics noted game difficulty average selected recommendation crash july august june game named best maze game crash readers awards reported ultimate new strategy success broke company sales records reached format charts computer video games reported december sold copies company prior games eurogamer reported units sold total crash confirmed rumors game similar declared better predicted similar crash wrote inability current inventory resistance damage added game ultimate particularly skilled giving hints leaving sufficient clues game design found tip indigenous enemies play sound align horizontally vertically piece similar experience slowly learned use avoid described game instructions cryptic crash high praise colourful detailed graphics animations sound staff called software masterpiece magazine chief complaints bug player mode game high price nearly double average predicted cost lead piracy year later crash repeated games available spectrum added game feel comparisons launch unfair similar calling text adventures identical received mail praise game wrote carried ultimate momentum opinion best graphics spectrum graphical detail surpassed previous reviewers thought possible describing game difficulty mentioned narrow window sword swings register enemy hits commodore review years later approved port said game remained classic recommended drawing map maze easy lost found screens repeated game world liked enemies forced player vary hack slash gameplay style thought game price high noted issues altogether met ultimate high quality retrospective review said essentially interactive maze packed colour hack slash gameplay likened game colour choice setting magazine considered ultimate best arcade game disliked inability hit enemies eurogamer found game collision detection companion video game studies example games limited colour palette bit computers described colours pure glow like stained glass strong figure ground contrast spectrum black background legacy spectrum release included multiple lists games platform eurogamer wrote game beloved retrospective review titles series spectrum wrote character memorable appearance fit bit hero ordinary human hat exaggerated nose unreleased game spectrum series planned similar gameplay rare successor ultimate later released scrolling game boy advance enlist jungle animals solve puzzles received fans elements original appear games including rare jet force considered proof rare interested character series | Sabre Wulf | Video games | Video games | 1980–84 video games |
1997_Defender(1981videogame) | defender video game defender arcade video game developed released february horizontally scrolling shoot game set fictional planet player defeat waves invading aliens protecting development led programmer williams defender video game project drew inspiration defender important titles golden age video arcade games selling units company best selling game highest grossing arcade games praise critics focused game audio visuals gameplay frequently listed best contributions video game industry difficult video games game horizontally created genre purely horizontal scrolling shooters inspired development games followed sequels ports contemporary systems software label non platforms gameplay defender dimensional scrolling shooting game set surface unnamed planet player controls space ship terrain flying left right controls ship elevation buttons control horizontal direction weapons object destroy alien invaders protecting landscape abduction humans abducted return attack ship defeating aliens allows player progress level failing protect causes planet explode level populated surviving waves results restoration planet players allotted ships progress game able earn reaching certain scoring ship lost hit enemy hit enemy jump goes wrong randomly exhausting ships game ends development defender attempt developing new video game company earlier game clone popularity coin operated arcade games spurred company shift focus games arcade games company chose successful record williams games head development assisted time williams small staff management unfamiliar technology electronic games result staff afforded large creative freedom initial development space popular setting video games time felt abstract setting help obscure simple graphics lacked realism initially spent months developing color variations inspired created similar game new gameplay mechanics spending weeks design team abandoned idea believing lacked enjoyment development shifted hardware differences defender proposed specifications problematic displays graphics special monitor staff planned use graphics conventional monitor team experimented game graphics abandoned felt gameplay lacked enjoyment visual appeal believing attempts derivative developers held brain sessions session agreed favorable elements wrapping effect felt game allowed player fly screen exciting decided create game world larger screen displayed game environment longer screen visible area scrolling horizontally expanding idea envisioned version rotated degrees changing orientation design ship moved flying horizontally large element added game world later removed staff felt lacked enjoyment intended screen left right fellow williams employee convinced game able direction months development team felt game progress examined games concluded survival necessary component implement achieve devised enemies present threat enjoyed violent action entertainment wanted game elements felt action reasonable objective inspired 1960s television defenders titled game defender reasoning title helped justify violence added expand space theme players defend shot enemies element flying added session landscape depicted line wide primarily hardware powerful generate detailed later development july development schedule superior began pressure finish game time upcoming trade september spent weeks creating boss felt omitted process didn speed pressure frustrated point considered resigning time new programmer named hired assisted programming game added visual audio effects example implemented particle effect generate unique explosions destroyed enemies new elements felt project began promise development shifted focus enemies given ability capture humans new enemy devised mechanic captured humans turned hostile added rescue element game believed interesting players encouraged continue playing element making comeback dire situation applied planet felt ups downs real life bombers enemies release floating bombs screen added enemies added create different gameplay elements pods designed attack spaceship opposed included add pressure player preventing lingering enemies quickly follow spaceship based similar enemy september game unfinished williams programmer assisted meeting deadline trade evening trade arcade delivered display developers forgot create attract mode automated sequence designed audience play game began working night early morning team created final chips mode installed chips work designers additional attempts correct problem attract mode operational team returned homes prepare developers expanded game allow users play indefinitely display model featured levels team felt game difficulty williams employees progress past level score points developers decided best prepared players exceed expectations added levels repeated hardware game features sound graphics monitor central processing unit handles graphics gameplay handles audio pack batteries provide power save game settings high scores machine electrical outlet cabinet artwork wooden frame development started focusing game hardware staff debated type monitor use black white color reasoned advanced technology better establish good designers chose color monitor developers estimated game require colors instead chose hardware display colors time designers believed need game monitor resolution expansion industry standard staff believed wider screen provided better aspect ratio improve game presentation video games time relied hardware graphics developers decided use software handle animation programmed game assembly language switch allowed display screen objects lower cost game control scheme uses way buttons designed controls emulate simultaneously player left hand similar right hand pushes buttons similar button functions use similar layout button shoot projectiles accelerate far right left respectively reasoned players accustomed control schemes past games felt altering past designs prove difficult reception initially game slow gain popularity defender attract attention retrospect believed intimidated complexity game received arcades crowds gathered cabinet nights play testing success spurred williams release cocktail version defender eventually williams best selling arcade game units sold worldwide game popular collector item upright common cocktail models rare release highest grossing arcade games earning billion williams employee surprised game popularity stating game seen able earn quantity quarters months release game united_states video game industry magazine called defender successful game commenting man game garnered praise graphics audio gameplay features gamespy lauded defender challenging gameplay commenting representative games described graphics beautiful citing varied sprites flashing explosions stated audio visuals gameplay depth balanced excessive difficulty praised game catch rescue feature praised stating game impossible allows players plan strategies author praised audio visuals connection game plot gameplay time release director marketing competitor described game amazing listed number arcade game technical creative cultural impact year rated game number list arcade games citing technical achievement difficult title addictive gameplay edge ranked defender sixth best game 1980s editors described design elegant despite lack narrative characters defender described difficult games industry wrote remains hardest arcade games developed initial attempts lasting seconds uncommon rated defender ninth difficult game citing attack rescue gameplay author called toughest games arcade history stated players typically able play seconds enthusiasts saw proficiency game badge honor echoed similar comments sellers described defender difficulty saying play proficiency stated players continue play despite difficulty author attributes game success challenging design difficulty attributed complex control scheme edge magazine called defender difficult master games describing controls writer called game controls ruthless complex respectively readers named bit version fifth magazine thirty list programs popularity magazine critical stating game appeal justify cost shipped cartridge impact legacy players competed obtain highest score game longest play time single credit competitive playing longest play time popularized played defender half hours casino hotel witnesses watched media attention spurred players attempt feat expert players exploited software bugs extend length play time defender focus video game contest players cities simultaneously competed weekend april victor score took hours bug related game keeps track scoring allows players earn large number extra lives players use extra lives leave game rest bugs allow ship avoid damage enemies length play professor listed defender horizontally scrolling shooting game describes breakthrough title use motion multiple goals complex gameplay provides players methods play games called defender landmark title 1980s said game use scrolling helped remove design limitations associated screen stated defender use scrolling introduce true gaming environment said game feature introduced defender integrated gameplay essential manner described important space game early 1980s commented realism technological advances pushed developers create popular games citing phoenix examples listed game classic title introduced new technology specifically scrolling stated prior defender companies designed video games balanced challenge believed games easy attract players difficult limit play time minutes challenging dissuade players commented defender success illustrated video game enthusiasts ready difficult games spurred developers create complex game designs contributions game development cited accolades author considered high action based arcade games citing defender gameplay games designed stated established early hard core designer defender ign listed game designer titles defender influenced video game industry stated game helped establish williams key figures arcade game industry sellers echoed similar comments success defender williams expanded business building new facility hired employees expansion work isolation influx people created environment unhappy left williams found development company company served consulting firm williams developed games remakes sequels success defender prompted williams approach originally wanted create new game suggested creating enhanced version defender meet williams month deadline titled game stargate developed sequel defender features new elements improved original performance home ports stargate released title trademark purposes williams released defender themed machine elements original game sound effects enemies waves weapons williams produced units rare machines midway arcade update defender way smash update assisted game programmed game widely distributed released defender console written previously updated remake published simply defender features graphics person viewpoint released xbox game cube playstation emulated versions defender included home compilations greatest hits influenced games clones home games copied defender design include commodore bit family guardian commodore video game designer based games defender design games built design elements defender especially protecting people vehicles ground horizontally scrolling world protector bit family apple cultural references game referenced music song arcade album road song defender album song defender album man fever boys song body album rapper chris mentions defender chorus song album chris dead artists sound effects defender include twin saint saint michaels mount bouncing ball censor swearing clean version generation game figured prominently somewhat music video song authored novel called based video game defender midway properties appear toy game title ship defender plays role final battle game villain lord | Defender (1981 video game) | Video games | Video games | 1980–84 video games |
3219_Cookie(videogame) | video game action platform video game developed published ultimate play game released exclusively spectrum game cake ingredients attempt escape enabling quest capture game written graphics designed spectrum games available rom format use interface allowing loading game normal method cassette loading minutes version created commercially released game received mixed reviews release critics praising graphics criticising hard difficulty similarities gameplay game presented single perspective main objective involves cake evil ingredients ingredients vary chocolate colonel jump try avoid player possible player starts game lives ingredients fly screen simultaneously player touches ingredient body life player objective ingredients cooking bowl fall knock player bowl defence shoot flour sacks push ingredients direction moving bombs spawn game allow player push ingredients conventional flour sacks player push right variety ingredients bowl changes level right ingredients bowl cake baked new level begins background founded brothers tim tim wife carol trading ultimate play game began producing video games spectrum early 1980s prior founding ultimate brothers designed arcade machines marketing experience video game sector company known reluctance reveal details operations upcoming projects little known development process work separate teams team work development concentrate aspects sound graphics spectrum games available rom format use interface allowing loading game normal method cassette loading minutes version created scheduled release commercially released game released crazy kitchen italian markets chef croatia reception crash praised game overall despite thinking overshadowed ultimate bundled initial release stated gameplay addictive challenging despite thinking similar predecessor lloyd crash considered game overlooked despite suggesting difficult games developed ultimate praised graphics detailed fast amusing owing game ingredients reviewers home computing weekly similarly praised graphics sound stating ultimate standards reviewer stated graphics arcade cartoon quality criticised game concept suggesting player lose interest completing levels praised great fun play easy adapt opined impressions game important customer stated player feel cheated game similarities | Cookie (video game) | Video games | Video games | 1980–84 video games |
5168_Joust(videogame) | video game arcade game developed released game feature player cooperative play successful predecessors popularized concept player uses button control knight riding flying object progress levels defeating groups enemy knights riding led development team included newcomer aimed create flying game cooperative player gameplay wanted avoid space theme popular time staff worked technical limitations hardware originally developed years earlier williams game defender excluding concepts visuals game received arcades critics praised gameplay mechanics influenced titles developers followed sequel years later ported numerous home portable platforms gameplay game player controls yellow knight riding flying person perspective way directional button wings player flies knight amidst floating rock platforms pools lava maneuvering screen player continue path opposite rate player repeatedly presses button causes fly upward slowly descend home console versions use game controllers directional pads analog sticks computer ports use keyboard objective defeat groups enemy knights riding level referred wave completing wave subsequent challenging wave begins players navigate knight enemies elevation enemy relation player knight determines outcome collision protagonist higher enemy villain defeated vice versa collision equal elevations results knights bouncing defeated enemy turn egg falls screen player collect points egg sits platform long hatch new knight player pick gain new mount defeated game features types enemy knights hunter shadow lord worth different amounts points appear time frame hunt hero second player controlling blue knight join game players complete waves attack defeating enemies development developed lead designer programmer artists assisted handled audio design game features sound graphics inch color monitor like williams arcade games programmed assembly language pack batteries provide power save game settings high scores machine electrical outlet cabinet artwork wooden frame designed artwork promotional materials featured archaic english incorporated game screen instructions conception following success title defender williams searched new creative staff believing video games future entertainment newcomer left job toy designer work company hired create game ideas support development staff days generated list ideas included game ideas war worlds newcomer choices technical specifications dictated selection newcomer vision war worlds accomplished williams available hardware development team formed decided create game defender hardware newcomer conceived flying game cooperative player gameplay wish emulate popular space theme previous successful flying games like defender end newcomer list things fly machines animals fictional characters evaluating positive negative idea chose birds believing wide appeal newcomer felt birds good fit familiar fantasy science fiction media featuring birds increase understanding newcomer went library study mythology felt primary protagonist ride majestic bird choice eagle lack graceful land mobility designer instead newcomer chose thought flying believable running eagle differentiate second player characters developers picked believing proportions similar color difference avoid confusion players newcomer chose main enemies believing evil created concept art characters guidance design creative technical design decision use birds prompted newcomer standard direction implemented mechanism allow players control character ascent descent vertical direction controlled arcade cabinet button way added horizontal direction williams employees concerned design newcomer believed direct control scheme flight strengthen connection player character combat devised allow higher levels strategy traditional shooting games flying integral gameplay element chose characters means combat newcomer felt characters heights screen best way determine victor developers created game memory limited file size individual graphics sound effects use memory limits prohibited newcomer creating characters graphics created level hand animated birds book animals motion reference given limited memory balance number frames minimize file size maintaining realistic animation originally picked gray chose green instead color palette developers colors create visuals colors decided character sprites newcomer finalized look platforms hardware limited audio capabilities sounds typically required larger amounts memory graphics working restrictions newcomer instructed murphy focus select sounds deemed important reinforcing gameplay reasoned audio serve conspicuous hints players use adjust strategy newcomer wing sound effects like related collisions hatching eggs considered important designing levels newcomer added platforms environment combat devised static game world chosen scrolling world showcase visual textures applied platforms hardware easily display textures scrolling team felt displaying environment aid players game world element lava pit hand reaching destroy characters close newcomer placed platforms enemy artificial intelligence factors attack patterns based partly platform knight enemies designed exhibit progressively aggressive behavior fly environment randomly occasionally reacting protagonist hunters seek player character effort shadow lords fly quickly closer screen designed fly higher close protagonist increase shadow lord chances victory player designed attack idle players difficult defeat vulnerability attacking creature open mouth specific animation frame newcomer designed quickly fly upward moment approaching player waiting edge platform prevent easy defeat enemy processing graphics game gives priority player characters enemies result enemies begin react slowly number screen sprites increases game team discovered animation bug described belly flop flaw allows players force impassable small gap adjacent platforms close elevation provided interesting method perform sneak attack opponent gap developers decided defect fix newcomer attributed inclusion excessive limited time available find solution second bug allows easily defeated discovered game distributed newcomer designed game dimension mind day game finished altered improve appearance new allowed easily defeated number times player sit center single enemy knight caught indefinitely hand lava kill unlimited number simply turning face entered screen rapid ending sequence flaw player quickly accumulate high score large lives significant skill required learning flaw williams shipped new rom arcade distributors complaints reception legacy given different control scheme williams concerned game unsuccessful arcades hesitant purchase game reason sold williams eventually shipped units electronic games described popular cocktail table version later released engineered differs cocktail games features seating opposing sides setup allowed williams use rom chip upright collector items upright common cocktail version rare sought game units manufactured popular culture parodied popular culture references appear episode mountain code episode gamers video games mortal world author considered memorable games time author agreed stated game remains enjoyable day listed number arcade game technical creative cultural impact writer called exotic praised animation gamespy classic gaming wrote despite concept described incredibly stupid appealing game good controls competitive gameplay commented multiplayer aspect differentiated game time described fun multiplayer games precursor video game writer praised game physics calling beautifully realised described williams remarkable loved titles computer video games writer called game weird wonderful author praised competitive player gameplay attributed game appeal mechanism described example innovative risk absent current video game industry retrospect newcomer commended williams management taking risk game game garnered praise industry professionals lauded gameplay describing unique intuitive fusion learning systems praised mechanism microsoft enjoyed multi player aspect features prominently book science fiction novel game games cultural artifacts 1980s vast virtual universe called oasis setting story sequels remakes version released designed game includes artwork themes arcade version addition single player gameplay features competitive player gameplay players opposing sides machine fewer machines produced arcade sequel survival released features similar gameplay new elements vertical screen ported nintendo_entertainment_system programmed platforms consoles bit home computers entertainment_weekly called games dos versions released released small version mobile phone version released omitted control scheme web based version classic arcade games published years later launched website featuring versions game included multi platform compilations greatest_hits midway greatest arcade hits midway arcade treasures compilation titles game boy midway arcade treasures extended play playstation portable released digital distribution xbox live arcade included compilation remakes development released previously unreleased prototypes surfaced classic gaming expo las_vegas adaptation dimensional graphics port original bonus development titled eventually canceled newcomer pitched updated version arcade game game boy advance midway games company prototype featured multi directional scrolling detailed graphics based renders new gameplay mechanics optioned movie rights productions planned expand game element film premise described script meets set years future commented action oriented film appeal general audience movie planned tent pole movie graphic novel media franchise release considered video game adaptation film expected release date set june later pushed video game company filed chapter bankruptcy purchased midway assets including intent develop movie adaptations clones titles developers feature gameplay copies builds design feature elements inspired balloon fight external links played free internet archive | Joust (video game) | Video games | Video games | 1980–84 video games |
6589_Dishaster | action game released version game released features oriental themed graphics adds game variations inspired circus tradition keeping spinning plates suspended poles player controls girl attempting group spinning plates balanced poles falling game received negative reviews criticism focused game repetition gameplay girl stabilize dishes pressing button controller plate falls player able capture girl touches hits ground new appears pole number poles spin varies selected skill level easiest setting hardest player loses let dishes hit ground reception game received negative reviews author stated bad title implies repetitive game opined graphics convincing remarked plate spinning action gets old hurry reviewer magazine wrote gets quickly play systematic manner easy left right repeat tough pattern able max easy version dropping plate hours hoping interesting happen score zero passing writer disliked including game worst list writing lack sound effects details background whatsoever maneuvering screen surely claim disaster reserved special criticism game music reviewer gamer magazine wrote enjoyed young gamers sophisticated battle hardened arcade gamers | Dishaster | Video games | Video games | 1980–84 video games |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.