question stringlengths 0 2.44k | prompt listlengths 1 1 | ground_truth stringlengths 0 8.31k | category stringclasses 12
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Is the a limit to the number of pathogens our immune system can remember? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, technically there is. But it's an immensely large number. What happens when you get vaccinated is that your B-cells, which have 10^18 possibilities to form a complementary antibody to the pathogen you are vaccinated against, are primed to memorize said antibody pattern. Since each B cell is specific to eyactly on... | Biology |
Why does audio rapidly repeat itself when a computer crashes? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | At a high level, sound cards playback sound by reading digital data from a buffer and converting it into an analog signal to transmit to the speaker. When a normal stream of audio is being played back, its data is written into the buffer as a stream so there's no hops or skips - as the digital audio converter scans bac... | Technology |
Around what prevalence rate would it be appropriate to consider a disorder "rare"? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | URL_0 URL_1 A disease or disorder is defined as rare in Europe when it affects fewer than 1 in 2000. A disease or disorder is defined as rare in the USA when it affects fewer than 200,000 Americans at any given time or about 1 in 1,500 people. In Japan, the legal definition of a rare disease is one that affects fewer t... | Biology |
How do blisters form? And whats in a blister? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Living tissue, as a general rule, is wet. Living cells like being wet and generally require a fluid environment to function. Many living things have to stay constantly wet or they simply dry out and die (or go into stasis). So human beings are just a large collection of cells, the vast majority of which are constantly ... | Biology |
Where do animals like squirrels get water? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There is different way to ger water that is not drinking. & #x200B; On is to eat food that contain a lot of water another is to metabolite food. . Humans generate \~0.4 liter of water per day from the food we metabolize. & #x200B; The amount you need to drink and can be supplied by food depend in the size and the evolu... | Other |
How does in-built "unsubscribe" functionality in Gmail work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The email headers (which aren't normally visible to the user) will normally contain unsubscribe links if the email is from a reputable sender. When gmail identifies that an unsubscribe link is there it will give you the option of unsubscribing in addition to reporting the spam. You can view these headers by selecting a... | Technology |
true temperature vs ‘feels like’ temperature - which is accurate? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > Which is accurate? True temperature is accurate in the sense of what the temperature actually is in the air of the environment. However this isn't necessarily the most *relevant* since what you *feel* like is the net result of your body trying to maintain its temperature against the environment. So if it's 55, calm, ... | Other |
Reaganomics. How was it relevant then and how did it impact us now? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | basically was, if we lower taxes for the businesses then they will use that saved tax money in expanding their business. Thus making the business grow and the govt collecting more money as a result (even tho they lowered taxes the idea is they will gain net taxes because business grew as a result.) Impacts us today bec... | Economics |
How do we know that, after a year, we're back in the same spot in our orbit? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You can measure Earth's position against the background stars or its distance and angle to the sun, both of which will "reset" after a year(ish). Of course even those drift over thousands of years as the sun and the stars move and Earth's orbit evolves, but the year-over-year change is nearly negligible unless you need... | Physics |
Why is the economy of Puerto Rico in such tough shape? It is a US territory, uses the dollar and goods and people can pass freely to the US. Shouldn't it be more like Florida as a major tourist and vacation spot? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Florida is easier to get to. Puerto Rico is 4 hours by plane from anywhere on the east coast. You don't think about it but Puerto Rico is really far east, it's 1000 miles from the edge of Florida The flight is the same price as flying to Punta Cana in the Dominican. The hotels are also quite expensive, you could stay a... | Economics |
If I'm standing still and holding a cup, and I spin around holding the cup, the liquid doesn't spin around with the cup. Why? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Well, another way to look at this is: Why *would* the liquid spin? I mean, it's not attached to the cup - just sitting on top of it. What actually happens is that when you spin the cup, the glass touching the water gently tugs the water along with it. This means that the "outer shell" of the water *does* spin. The rest... | Physics |
When you turn the volume all the way down on an electrical device, does it still make the sound? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | On an oldschool electric device - like a walkman tape player - the sound is still produced, but the signal gets killed before it makes it to the headphone jack. For things with an operating system and software, like a phone, it depends on what you mean by "make a sound," and it depends on the app being used. The app is... | Technology |
What is electricity and why does it defy gravity? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Simply put. Electricity is moving electrons. Why do they move? You create an area of positive charge or negative charge. Electrons will then flow from charge to no charge because there is a potential difference between the two and electricity wants to be 0, it doesn’t want to exist. It doesn’t exactly defy gravity, the... | Physics |
How come forward motion helps keep you upright on a bicycle? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The gyroscope explanation is not what really keeps you upright on a bicycle. It certainly can play a part, but it is not THE reason. When you ride a bike you are steering the front wheel in order to keep upright. If you are falling to the left, you steer left to put the bike back underneath you. Gyroscopic precession i... | Physics |
Why does gasoline reflect in a rainbow effect instead of one colour? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It only does this when interacting with another liquid, most commonly water. The molecules in the gasoline are no polar, making them hydrophobic (repelled by water). Because of this, the gasoline floats on the water in a thin film. Different widths of this film reflect light differently, leading to swirls of rainbow co... | Chemistry |
Why do men pee in these crazy urine streams after having sex? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Just a quick reminder that males have a spongy urethra and this particular structure creates a spiral urine stream which expels urine at higher speeds and this functions as a way to remove obstruction, like sperm in this case. Females do not have this structure and why there's a higher incidences of UTI's for females v... | Biology |
Why do people have irrational fears or phobias? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | People have "irrational" fears for the same reason they have "rational" fears - the brain thinks that reacting to them will increase your odds of survival in a fight-or-flight situation. Basically, the reason some fears might seem irrational is that there is a disconnect between conscious thought and your brain's fight... | Psychology |
Why are tax haven countries reserved for the ultra wealthy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It does require some effort to structure your companies and register them so that you can use these tax loopholes. And it often makes it harder to get hold of the money you own. In addition this is usually only going to work against some types of tax but not everything. So most small businesses is going to spend more m... | Economics |
difference between cast iron and stainless steel pans? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | cast iron transmits heat better. Stainless steel does a pretty good job but its lighter by half. So I have stainless steel for most and a cast iron for steaks ( pan) and stews (Dutch oven) Seasoning is basically sealing the pores on the surface of cast iron so food sticks less. The seasoning is basically burned on oil,... | Chemistry |
How does Supply and Demand actually work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I bake and sell bread. I have the ability to bake 10 loaves of bread every day. Bob and Steve both come to my shop every day and buy 5 loaves each for $1 a piece. This is a stable system. Then, one day, Alan comes in and wants to buy 5 loaves as well. I tell him I only have 10. Demand is now higher than supply. Alan is... | Economics |
Can someone explain me the concept of gravity assist? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A comet doesn't really use gravity assist, it orbits the Sun. A space probe can use gravity assist by approaching a planet at high speed from behind (remember the planets are moving) and allowing the planet's gravity to pull it forward. Now by the time it passes near the planet it's going super fast — way too fast to g... | Physics |
what do those numbers on the bike mean? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They change how fast the pedals move compared to the drive wheel. In a low gear you have to pedal fast to go slow, but you don't have to press as hard. In a high gear, you have to push harder, but you move farther for each rotation of the pedals. They work by pushing the chain onto a bigger or smaller sprocket. The rat... | Physics |
why did America fail to become the number one producer of solar panels? Wouldn't the government do whatever it takes to gain huge viable markets like this? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because America depends on oil for more than just energy and fuel. Brobdingnagian amounts of money and power are involved with US oil companies, stocks, and even the economy itself in many other ways. Solar means a huge loss for the oil industry ("Big Oil") just as hemp threatened the paper industry many years ago, lea... | Technology |
How are reality TV shows like Married At First Sight scripted? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I haven't worked on them but I've read tell all from some of them. They are told to say and do a lot of particular things but even more so they chop the events up and realign them to make it seems more dramatic, or nothing happens for a week and they catch the 1 moment something happened and call it an ongoing fued. Th... | Other |
What is the kernel of an operating system? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The BIOS/UEFI is firmware, i.e., it is in a ROM on your motherboard. It's the first program to be executed and it will load the actual operating system in memory (RAM) usually from your hard disk (or SSD now). UEFI is the "new enhanced" BIOS. Usually written by the motherboard vendors but open-source BIOS/UEFIs exist a... | Technology |
How do Neon signs work and get different colors? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Grab a periodic table and look at the farthest right section. The first 6 are called Noble gases. The are not able to be set on fire. But when they have an electrical current through them they glow. Each gas has its own color. Neon signs are a general term even though only one color is actually produced by the gas neon... | Chemistry |
why do things go weird near the Bermuda Triangle? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's an area that happens to see a lot of ships and planes pass through due to its location. Just like a busy street in a city would see more accidents, there are more accidents in the triangle. "The vicinity of the Bermuda Triangle is amongst the most heavily traveled shipping lanes in the world, with ships frequently... | Earth Science |
How does glue not dry up in a bottle? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | To dry up the water would have to evaporate out of it. The water can't do that in a sealed container because of something called vapor pressure. Basically evaporation is governed by the temperature of a liquid, the pressure it is at, and the properties of the liquid. The water can't evaporate out of the glue because it... | Chemistry |
What is happening in your brain when you get that "off" feeling after watching something particularly disturbing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Not a psychology expert, but speaking from experience, sounds like dissociation/depersonalisation. It can happen after any trauma, including secondhand. People have different thresholds for it. It's not evil in itself--it protects you, in a way. The problem comes if it lasts longer or arises at times seemingly out of t... | Biology |
How does someone become cockeyed? Also, can this be cured/fixed? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are four "large" muscles that control eye movement. (there are also a couple smaller ones for finer movement). These attach to the globe at roughly NSEW. Normally they're all in a relaxed state. Look up and the two N muscles contract, down and the S ones contract. Look to your left and the E will contract, right ... | Biology |
Why are men of certain ethnic backgrounds a lot more hairy than others? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Evolution and natural selection. The theory is that at some point our forefathers decided that the heat benefit of fur was less than the burden of parasites, and developed a sexual preference for people with less body hair. White people (the group with the highest amount of body hair) have simply not experienced the sa... | Biology |
Why are certain NASCAR drivers seemingly always in the back of the pack, sometimes laps down even if they haven’t crashed? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It’s a combination of factors. It’s partly because those drivers are probably just not at the level of drivers like Busch, Harvick or Elliot. It also has to do with knowing how to setup a car (or have the best engineers who can help you with that). Especially now that there is no practice or qualifying. But it also com... | Other |
- how do scientists know that a particular species' (panda, turtle, sharks, tigers) population is getting extinct? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They do studies to see how many of that animal there are in certain areas, and try to extrapolate outward from there. For example, if you know pandas can only live in bamboo forest, and you survey some random bamboo forest and find 1 panda per square mile, and you know there's only 100 square miles of bamboo forest lef... | Earth Science |
How do we know that Absolute Zero is -273 Celsius? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There was this guy named William Thomson, also known as Lord Kelvin, that was a physicist in the 19th century. He was looking at gasses and noticed that if you increased the temperature of gas in a container, the pressure went up -- actually something that a guy named Boyle wrote about a couple of hundred years earlier... | Physics |
How do rich people and corporations manage to pay so little taxes compared to the regular John Doe ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | For individuals, a lot of their income is actually from dividends and stock sales, which get taxed at lower capital gains rates. And remember income (salary) != net worth (assets). Jeff Bezos's only made $1.6 million salary in 2019. Yet his net worth increased $67 billion. If he doesn't sell any shares in a year (Amazo... | Economics |
How are non-alcoholic beers and wines made? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are four primary approaches to making a non-alcoholic beer. Wine may undergo similar processes, though my experience is that many NA wines are just verjus. Dealcoholization — Full-strength beer is produced, and then the alcohol is removed and replaced with water. This can be done through steam distillation, vacuu... | Chemistry |
Why does chocolate taste so bad after it melts and cools down again? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Master Chocolatier here. There isn't a lot of actual chocolate in an M & M. Melt real chocolate (e.g. mostly ground cacao with sugar), let it resolidify, and it will taste pretty much like chocolate. The texture will be odd, but that's just because the chocolate is de-tempered (randomly recrystallized) and is fixable b... | Chemistry |
Why does it take several days to get used to a new pair of glasses? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The machinery used to cut eyeglasses is considered to be sensitive dual use technology whose export is restricted. If you don't live in the US, Russia, Japan, or China then the machinery that your optometrist has access to is going to have some degree of error in it. That error means that no two pairs of glasses that y... | Biology |
How do fans collect so much dust even though some are spinning almost all the time? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Spinning fan blades are in contact with the air more than stationary fan blades. More contact with the air = more opportunity to collect dust. The dust doesn’t fall off the blade from spinning like you would think. Dust is inherently electrically charged too I believe, so that might have something to do with it not sli... | Physics |
why does clay harden when heated instead of melting? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Clay that can be easily sculpted is a bunch of extremely small rock/earth particles mixed with some water. The layer of water between all the particles helps them stick together even when you push and sculpt them. When a clay object dries out, you end up with particles which are just resting in a big pile without any w... | Chemistry |
What are the differences between the American and European models for hurricane tracking? Why does the European model seem to be more accurate? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | From all I've seen, ultimately the difference comes down to the European model putting a little bit more emphasis on ocean temperatures, and the American model putting a little bit more emphasis on barometric pressure. Both of these models factor in both of these elements as a very large portion of how they are making ... | Mathematics |
How is it that the Rothschild Family is almost never talked about, despite them being so rich and Powerful? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Because the wealth has gotten spread out over so many people over the last few centuries. There are a number of members that are still pretty wealthy, but no single member of the Rothschild family has anywhere near as much money as someone like Bill Gates or Warren Buffett. They're only so rich if you add up the wealth... | Economics |
What is the difference between Uranium and Thorium in regards to nuclear power? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | well.. Basicaly 99% of uranium is usless many elements have whats called isotops, an isotop is a variation of that element with a different atomic mass and tend to be less stable allowing nuclear fission so you have to use diffrent methods to "enrich" uranium to increase the ammount of the fussionable isotop to make it... | Chemistry |
what exactly does the square root of a number represent? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If you literally drew a square with sides = the square root of a number, then the area of that square would equal that number. e.g. 2 is the square root of 4, and a square with sides = 2 (whatever units, inches, miles, it doesn't matter) would have an area of 4 (of the same units). | Mathematics |
Why is it normal for rent to go up 3% per year to account for inflation, yet wages remain the same? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Clearly there are a lot of things at play here, but I think the best way to explain it is by looking at the Sticky Wage Theory. Essentially, it says that wages are slow to respond to changes in in the performance of a company or the economy at large. One good example of why wages might be "sticky" is due to contracts. ... | Economics |
Why do some ISPs limit data usage? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Regarding the "nobody owns" argument - you're not paying for internet content, you're paying for the infrastructure that enables you to access that content. Cabling, servers, cabinets, hosting centres, etc etc. Data usage is limited to restrict overall use, allowing ISPs to maintain their infrastructure at a given leve... | Technology |
How do certain chord progressions evoke enhanced emotional states in individuals? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yes and no. There's alot of debate around this, but the gist of it is that some intervals sound happy/sad because our brains are predisposed to think that they do, but also because that predisposition has been reinforced through culture. For more details, I'd suggest you either research psychoacoustics or hit up /r/mus... | Other |
Why does boiling water destroy the health benefits of certain foods (eg: honey/matcha) but not all food? How can you tell what not to use boiling water with? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It’s all about heat and protein structure. Heat denatures proteins. What temperature depends on which proteins. Denature means to alter its 3D structure to the point that it no longer functions as it did. When you cook meat, you change the proteins, making them soft and easy to eat. When you burn your finger, the skin ... | Chemistry |
What is the difference between depression as a mental disorder and depression as a state or mood? How can one know which one he has and how severe it is? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Depression is a mood. We all go through it at one time or another. Basically it is a deep and overwhelming sadness. Where depression becomes a mental disorder is when someone suffers from chronic depression. When someone suffers from chronic depression there is a root cause of either a chemical imbalance or an emotiona... | Biology |
how did the WWII Enigma Machine work and how did they break it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | *I have left out some details, like the reflector and the Kriegsmarine's extra wheels, plus a dozen things that I'm sure I've forgotten. If you have questions or think I've left out something interesting, please ask and I'll do my best.* **How to use an Enigma machine** The Enigma machine looked like a typewriter, but ... | Technology |
why is morning sunlight “softer” than afternoon light even uf the sun is at the same angle in sky? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The light is the same, but different things may be going on around YOU. 1. the dew or fog from a cold evening is evaporating in the morning, but is not doing the reverse in the afternoon. You can see this in the extreme in places that have "foggy mornings", but not foggy afternoons/dusk. That's gonna affect light, but ... | Physics |
Would atomic blasts actually catch up to a spaceship as shown in most movies or is that not realistic as the blast speed is much slower on Earth? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Atomic blasts in space do not create an explosion. No matter how much stuff the blast creates, it won't get far before it spreads out into the vacuum and dissapates. On earth, the explosion produces a sharp pressure wave in the air, which travels through the air. In space, the danger would be the high energy radiation ... | Physics |
Why is it so difficult to identify "real" honey from the "fake" ones? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | High fructose corn syrup is 55% fructose and 45% glucose; honey is around half fructose and half glucose. They're almost the same thing. If you tried a teaspoon of HFCS and a teaspoon of really high quality honey then you'd definitely taste a difference between them, but 1) the majority of subtle flavor differences are... | Chemistry |
Why does having chalk increase your grip while on something like monkey bars? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Chalk is typically made of magnesium carbonate which serves the purpose of keeping your hands dry. The reason it works isn't that it directly improves grip per se, it's that it prevents grip from degrading in the face of moisture. For most uses that moisture comes from your sweat, but in rock climbing you often encount... | Chemistry |
How can someone listen to a piece of music and know who composed it without knowing any other info about the song? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Artists often re-use stuff or compose around certain themes. It's not much different than being able to tell which of your friends wrote a message just by the combinations of words they used. Some good examples in the music I enjoy are Carlos Santana, David Gilmore, Frank Zappa. Their "style" is easily detected in thei... | Other |
How can the same size and type of rechargeable battery have different capacities? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You can pack more active chemicals in the battery, if you use more expensive, thinner films, more expensive pastes that contain more active ingredients, and wind it all much tighter to pack more in. Some really cheap cells contain only a little bit of stuff wound rather loosely, or even packed out with sand. | Chemistry |
Why do running shoes, almost as a rule, always use a stunningly ugly colour scheme? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | 1. Product differentiation - They look distinctive so that consumers can tell at a glance that these are *exercise shoes* and not *regular shoes*. 2. Marketing - The shoes are trying to grab your attention at the point of sale, and they *look like* they have "advanced exercise tech" integrated into them. A similar anal... | Other |
How does liquid Helium, below 4 degrees Kelvin but above absolut Zero, become frictionless' is it not interacting with its surroundings? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The behaviour liquid Helium shows at these low temperatures is called superfluidity. Superfluid Helium atoms do interact, this is even vital to their properties. They form what is known as a Bose-Einstein condensate. When you cool down a set of (possibly interacting) atoms, they tend to occupy states with lower and low... | Physics |
How do batteries 'store' electricity? I understand that if you put electricity into a battery, the electric stays there, but how does that work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's chemistry. There a many different kinds of battery but in general they have two metal plates, called "Cathode" and "anode" or "negative side" and "positive side", respectively. Between these plates is an unstable chemical that given the chance wants to react with the cathodes and anodes, releasing electricity as i... | Technology |
Why does travelling as a passenger make us so tired? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A couple of reasons. First, you're awake for a significant amount of time. For most people, a 3 hour flight is a full days worth of activities. Wake up, drive to the airport, check-in, security, boarding, *actual flight time*, deplaning, baggage claim, ground transport. It typically takes 5-12 hours, assuming your flig... | Psychology |
was math created or discovered? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > Arguably it's both. Very simplistically, you could boil mathematics down to inventing a set of axioms (the things you will assume to be true) and then discovering what you can prove to be true based on those assumptions. **** [^^Quote ^^taken ^^from ^^top ^^comment ^^in ^^this ^^thread ^^from ^^3 ^^years ^^ago ^^with... | Mathematics |
what is a submerged economy? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Presumably they were discussing Spain's economic issues. In that context the "submerged economy" refers to the "black market" or unofficial economic transactions. Roughly 25% of Spain's GDP is composed of these illegal transactions which of course avoid taxes and other regulation. Having such rampant fraud imposes seri... | Economics |
How do credit card companies benefit from offering rewards cards if I pay off my account balance every month? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You forget that credit card companies get paid by the merchant for all transactions they process. Something like 2 percent plus a small base fee. The rewards you get are smaller than the fee they received by having you use their card. Most cards give back 1% in cash. Meaning you are getting back less than half of what ... | Economics |
Since magnetic north is not the same direction as true north, when and how did navigators figure this out, how did they compensate, and does the advent of GPS navigation render the magnetic compass completely obsolete? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | > Since magnetic north is not the same direction as true north, when and how did navigators figure this out Quoting Wikipedia here: > The first expedition to reach the North Magnetic Pole was led by James Clark Ross, who found it at Cape Adelaide on the Boothia Peninsula on June 1, 1831. Roald Amundsen found the North ... | Technology |
Why are there many gpu manufacturers (zotac, Asus, msi...) but onlz 2 pc CPU manufacturers? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | They're graphics card manufacturers, not GPU manufacturers. For the GPU the two largest manufacturers are nVidia and AMD, it's pretty much like with CPU's. They develop and create the GPU. Third party graphics card manufacturers can then make a deal with Nvidia to use their GPU. The GPU design can't be changed, but eve... | Technology |
Can anyone explain Hume's law (is/ought distinction)? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It is pretty simple in that you cannot say what should be simply by looking at what is. To say what is, is to describe the current state of events, to say what should be (or ought) is to prescribe based upon an ethical claim. As the basest example imagine we lived in a time period where slavery was still rampant in the... | Other |
Why is it that the vast majority of injections given to pacients target the veins, and very rarely the arteries? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | You have a greater chance of bleeding. The arteries get a lot of pressure from the heart pumping blood. Just imagine a hose with a small hole in it. If you turn it up to the max (=arteries), lots of water will flow out of the hole. If you turn it down a bit (=less pressure = veins), water will still flow out, but much ... | Biology |
Why do we use x, y and z as the standard variables in mathematics? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A lot of math symbolism, like this one, was popularized by the French philosopher and mathematician, René Descartes (Fun fact: the term "Cartesian" is named after him). He wanted to make the convention of using letters like x,y and z to represent unknown variables, while a b and c are known constants. Why he chose thos... | Mathematics |
What's the modern use of Thallium (TI) a chemical element not found widely in nature? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's used as a detector, in the form of Thallium(I) bromide in X-ray, Gamma-ray, and infrared cameras, and Thallium(I) iodide is used in mercury arc lights to adjust the color and also in radiation detectors. In general though, Thallium is really really toxic, so it's not popular and practically every application where... | Chemistry |
How does Martial Law get retracted? What value does it have for citizens? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | When used appropriately, martial law means a certain portion of the country is under military control, but the country at large remains under civilian control. Those civilian authorities decide when it should end. As for value, it allows military resources to be better used it emergency situations, typically a war. If ... | Other |
How is burning wood different from rotting wood in terms of their carbon footprints? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | I think the main difference between these processes is where the carbon ends up. In a rotting process the carbon is recycled back into the environment without going into the atmosphere. Some CO2 is released by the microorganisms into the air, but a lot of the carbon is converted into carbs, proteins, etc. In combustion... | Chemistry |
How is it that we can sometimes zone out and seem to go on "autopilot" while driving without crashing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | We're actually on autopilot most of the time. Our brains filter out so much information on a moment-by-moment basis, it's actually kind of unbelievable. You're now breathing manually. It takes fairly little energy to respond to visual stimuli, and our bodies are so used to the act of driving that it becomes an effortle... | Biology |
Why have football (soccer) kickoffs featured only one player instead of two these last couple of seasons? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Before the season 2016/2017, the laws (§9) used to be: > - all players must be in their own half of the field of play > - the opponents of the team taking the kick-off are at least 9.15 m (10 yds) from the ball until it is in play (...) > - the ball is in play when it is kicked and **moves forward** > - the kicker must... | Other |
How is glass always so stable for seemingly all various chemical reactions? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | 1: URL_2 2: URL_1 3: URL_3 4: URL_0 You should search before posting. Anyways from 1: > Glass aka silica aka silicon dioxide is very stable. The reason why glass seems inert is because most common elements and molecules in nature don't have the attraction needed to take electrons from the silica and disrupt the electro... | Chemistry |
What's the difference between UBI and unemployment/welfare checks? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Unemployment checks require that the receiver actively is looking for a job. It is common to require a certain number of rejection letters each week to get a full payout. Welfare checks often require regular doctors visits and if possible regular treatments to get better. UBI on the other hand does not have any require... | Economics |
Why do humans get emotional (high-pitched ‘awws’, omg sad faces, pouty lips, etc.) over cute animals/fictional creatures/baby humans? Is this reaction instinctual? If so, what is this tapping into? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Humans think round things are cute... (babies, stitch from lilo and stitch, the dream works dragons, puppies and kittens...) due to wiring in our brains that make us love babies for their roundness. It’s a “parental” instinct. It’s also why chibi and fat stuffed animal versions of things considered to be so popular and... | Psychology |
If I swallowed a long piece of string, kept one end out of my mouth and waited long enough to pass the other end, what would happen if I pulled both ends really hard? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Assuming your stomach didn't simply digest the string, it would be pretty rough on you. Your digestive tract is extremely long, and it's all coiled up. Imagine taking a piece of coiled licorice candy except making it about nine meters in length (or about 26 feet) and coiling it up real nicely into the shape of a human ... | Biology |
How does the fluid in you inner ear balance you? What happens if you go in space and there's no gravity for it? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Picture a pond full of reedy plants: disturbing the water causes the reeds to move. It's the same with our ears: the inner ear contains thousands of tiny hair cells, and the motion of the surrounding fluid pushes them around. The brain then receives a signal that tells it 'okay, we're walking', 'we're laying down' or '... | Biology |
Why do we grind our teeth in response to pain or pressure ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | there could be numerous reasons, but one may be a coping mechanism to distract yourself. Think of it like when you're really stressed out and squeeze a stress ball as a result, the stressful stimulus exceeds the resources you have to cope and you subsequently feel the urge to "take it out" on something physically to mo... | Biology |
What are the practical applications of calculus? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There are effectively no real-world engineering problems that don't involve calculus. Everything involving structures (houses, bridges, car bodies, boats), moving fluids (plumbing, sewers, airplanes, boats, car shapes), or control systems (thermostats, cruise control, power steering, autopilot, your oven) are resting o... | Mathematics |
How does the sun ''burn'' ? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | It's a giant ball of gas, about 300,000 times the mass of the Earth. All that mass produces gravity. Take the gravity on Earth, holding you onto the ground - it's rather gentle. Multiply it by 300,000 and you can imagine some interesting things can happen. The main thing in the Sun is that immense pressure forcing hydr... | Physics |
how did Afghanistan become a warzone for the last decades? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | The Soviet Union did not want a westernized republic on its border so it invaded. The US backed insurgents to kick the Soviets out. The insurgents became radicalized after they kicked the Soviets out and the US didn't follow through to help rebuild the infrastructure that the fighting destroyed. The USSR trashed the na... | Other |
If energy cant be created nor destroyed, where does the kinetic energy from moving an object horizontally go? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | In both examples, you have energy wasted in the form of heat. In the first instance, you use energy to move the ball from point A to point B. It maintains the same potential energy at the same altitude. In the second example, it’s the same, you are now just expending more energy. Potential energy, as far as I can remem... | Physics |
Why has the price of college tuition skyrocketed? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Schools have no incentive to keep costs low, because students keep paying the ridiculous costs. Students keep paying the ridiculous costs, because they're not using "real" money up front—they don't understand the real costs until after they graduate and start paying the bills. A nation full of 18-year-olds takes this r... | Economics |
Why are currencies worth different amounts and why do they fluctuate? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Cost of living varies globally. The costs of doing business, and the availability of resources and people vary, too. The rest is because there are markets, where people make offers and agree to variant prices. We have enough jelly beans, so the price goes down. We need more pinatas, so the price goes up. | Economics |
Do astronauts have hearing loss from launching into orbit on giant rockets? Is hearing protection good enough to prevent any damage? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Nope, astronauts don't suffer hearing loss. The crew capsules are designed to insulate the meatbags from the loud noises, so they're OK. Man, that'd suck though.... "Here, you get to go to SPAAAAAAAAAACE but you'll have to learn ASL 'cause it's gonna cost you your eardrums" Eh, I'd still do it. | Physics |
when scientists mention an object XX mil light-years away does it mean that we see state as of XX million years ago and presently object might not exist anymore or is in different state? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yes, the light we are getting from it now is millions of years old. Depending on what it is those millions of years may not be enough to introduce dramatic changes though; a star or a nebula likely is still going to be around in basically the same state as that long ago. | Physics |
Why do some bigger folk have little to no stretch marks while other people of the same size have excessive amounts? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Depends on your skin elasticity and how fast you gained the weight. I’m fat but have little to no stretch marks besides on my breasts. I got those from developing extremely early though (like a C in 5th grade). It also depends on how they heal, some are little white lines whereas some are large deep purple tracts. I kn... | Other |
Why is 196 decibels the threshold for sound? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Sound is pressure waves, in this case traveling through air. A pressure wave is an area of high pressure, followed by an area of low pressure. The amplitude of a wave (the db measurement) describes the difference between the high and low pressure measurements. If you increase the amplitude of a wave enough, the low pre... | Physics |
Why do newer touch screens seem harder to smudge than older? Is this a thing? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | No this is really a thing. It's called an oleophobic coating (meaning it repels oils like skin oils). Improves slidiness of fingers, and keeps oil from sticking. It's usually a fluropolymer (think teflon). Unfortunately this is a thing that is done to the screen during manufacture. It should last around 2 years but wil... | Technology |
if you do use a single can of paint to coat a room, is it the equivalent of shrinking the volume of the room by the size of the inside of the can? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Yes, maybe depending on how the paint reacts. It may be more if it swells while drying or less if there is something that will evaporate out like water leaving it less than the original volume. Assuming that the act of drying doesn't make the paint thicker/thinner it would be as you say. | Physics |
Why does squinting help a nearsighted person see better? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If you've ever used a manual camera, you've probably noticed that decreasing the aperture size increases the range of different distances that can be kept in focus at once. This is really best explained visually: [ URL_0 ]( URL_0 ) Essentially, objects end up out of focus both is cameras and in our eyes because multipl... | Biology |
What happens inside our brain to cause us to forget things? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Thoughts are essentially electric signals moving around different pathways in the brain. Imagine walking tracks around a mountain. The paths that get used often get wider and easier/ faster to use. Making a habit or learning something new is like making a new path. It's hard to notice the first time someone walks throu... | Biology |
What caused the great depression of 1929? How did it happen? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Overvaluation of stocks combined with a lack of government controls on trading was a large part of the stock market crash. So a person could start a business, sell stock, then use unscrupulous methods to inflate the stock price and sell it. For instance, you could put out false information about how well the business w... | Economics |
Why do bombs detonate right before they hit the ground rather than at impact? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | If a bomb hits the ground and explodes, half or more of it’s energy is wasted hitting the ground, made even worse by the crater it goes into and creates. If a bomb explodes at a set height above the ground, nearly all the energy is used to damage what you’re trying to hit. Depending on the type of target, some bombs ar... | Physics |
Why do the veins in your eyes appear when your eyes are bloodshot? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Those blood vessels are already in your eye. If your eye gets irritated for any reason, extra blood flows there, and the vessels swell to accommodate the increased blood flow. Some are small enough that you can't see them easily until they swell up. If you slam your hand in a door, blood also flows to your hand. It loo... | Biology |
How do prosthetic arms work? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | Hi there! I'm a prosthetics student, so I'm happy to answer this one! It's important to remember that there are various levels of amputation. If a person is missing fingers, there are devices that can be controlled by the remaining fingers. If someone is missing their arm past the elbow, there's still some forearm that... | Technology |
Why do the fastest runners tend to be black? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A couple of speculative answers, in addition to /u/MrAloha808's point. "Black" and "White" aren't really groups, as there's as much variation between as there is within. Nonetheless people with black skin outnumber people with white skin, so their best runners are recruited from a larger population. Also, if you're usi... | Biology |
How do we know irrational numbers don't repeat? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | A number is rational if it is the ratio of two integers. It is irrational if it can't be written as such. Let's say you have a number that does repeat. For example x=0.123123123... So 1000x = 123.123123123... Subtract x from both sides and you get 999x = 123, or x = 123/999, i.e. x is rational. Therefore if x is repeat... | Mathematics |
Why do phones and tablets power on and off with full 100 % brightness regardless of the scree brightness settings? | [
{
"content": "The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.\nYour answer should follow these... | There needs to be a program running to control the screen brightness for it to be set to some amount. In those situations, there is no process running for that, as it requires an operating system to run, which isn't running completely at that time. There are ways around it but its not really a necessity for the few sec... | Technology |
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