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Topography is "classically" applied to inorganic crystals, such a metals and semiconductors. However, it is nowadays applied more and more often also to organic crystals, most notably proteins. Topographic investigations can help to understand and optimize crystal growth processes also for proteins. Numerous studies ha... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
The Kovats index applies to organic compounds. The method interpolates peaks between bracketing n-alkanes. The Kovats index of n-alkanes is 100 times their carbon number, e.g. the Kovats index of n-butane is 400. The Kovats index is dimensionless, unlike retention time or retention volume. For isothermal gas chromatogr... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Many metal sulfides are so insoluble in water that they are probably not very toxic. Some metal sulfides, when exposed to a strong mineral acid, including gastric acids, will release toxic hydrogen sulfide.
Organic sulfides are highly flammable. When a sulfide burns it produces sulfur dioxide (SO) gas.
Hydrogen sulfide... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
In organic chemistry, anilides (or phenylamides) are a class of organic compounds with the general structure . They are amide derivatives of aniline (). | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Roasting is a process of oxidizing zinc sulfide concentrates at high temperatures into an impure zinc oxide, called "Zinc Calcine". The chemical reactions that take place are as follows:
Approximately 90% of zinc in concentrates are oxidized to zinc oxide. However, at the roasting temperatures around 10% of the zinc re... | 8 | Metallurgy |
A hydrogel is a network of polymer chains that are hydrophilic, sometimes found as a colloidal gel in which water is the dispersion medium. A three-dimensional solid results from the hydrophilic polymer chains being held together by cross-links. Because of the inherent cross-links, the structural integrity of the hydro... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The term (kryptoracemate) was coined by Ivan Bernal who employed this term during a meeting of the American Crystallographic Association in 1995.
The name is made of (from Ancient Greek: κρυπτός, "the hidden one") and racemic. It comes from the fact that the racemic composition is "hidden" in a Sohncke space group ... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
Liquids are often used in cooking due to their excellent heat-transfer capabilities. In addition to thermal conduction, liquids transmit energy by convection. In particular, because warmer fluids expand and rise while cooler areas contract and sink, liquids with low kinematic viscosity tend to transfer heat through con... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Most materials shrink as they solidify, but, as the adjacent table shows, a few materials do not, such as gray cast iron. For the materials that do shrink upon solidification the type of shrinkage depends on how wide the freezing range is for the material. For materials with a narrow freezing range, less than , a cavit... | 8 | Metallurgy |
For most chain-growth polymerizations, the propagation steps are much faster than the initiation steps, so that each growing chain is formed in a short time compared to the overall polymerization reaction. During the formation of a single chain, the reactant concentrations and therefore the propagation rate remain effe... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
A simple case of diffusion with time in one dimension (taken as the -axis) from a boundary located at position , where the concentration is maintained at a value is
where is the complementary error function. This is the case when corrosive gases diffuse through the oxidative layer towards the metal surface (if we as... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Organometallic compounds containing mercury (e.g., thiomersal) and arsenic (e.g. Salvarsan) had a long history of use in medicine as nonselective antimicrobials before the advent of modern antibiotics.
Titanocene dichloride displays anti-cancer activity, and [[dichloridobis((p-methoxybenzyl)cyclopentadienyl)titanium... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
* Electrochemical Society Monograph Series
ECS Monographs provide accounts on specific topics in electrochemistry and solid-state science and technology. Since the 1940s, ECS and publishers have cooperated to publish titles in these fields. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Mollapour is widely recognized for his research on post-translation regulation of the molecular chaperone Heat shock protein-90 (Hsp90) and co-chaperones in cancer. His work demonstrated how reversible biochemical reactions can become directional and ordered, and in general, how a house-keeping machine (Hsp90) can be m... | 1 | Biochemistry |
In prokaryotes and eukaryotes, GGT consists of two polypeptide chains, a heavy and a light subunit, processed from a single chain precursor by an autocatalytic cleavage. The active site of GGT is known to be located in the light subunit.
Co-translational N-glycosylation serves a significant role in the proper autocatal... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Hydroperoxides are mildly acidic. The range is indicated by 11.5 for Methyl hydroperoxide| to 13.1 for .
Hydroperoxides can be reduced to alcohols with lithium aluminium hydride, as described in this idealized equation:
This reaction is the basis of methods for analysis of organic peroxides. Another way to evaluate the... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Scintillators are used by the American government as Homeland Security radiation detectors. Scintillators can also be used in particle detectors, new energy resource exploration, X-ray security, nuclear cameras, computed tomography and gas exploration. Other applications of scintillators include CT scanners and gamma c... | 5 | Photochemistry |
The V. M. Goldschmidt Award is an award given by the Geochemical Society at the V. M. Goldschmidt Conference for achievements in the fields of geochemistry and cosmochemistry. The award in honor of Victor Moritz Goldschmidt, a pioneer in both those fields. | 9 | Geochemistry |
Although seagrass makes up only 0.1% of the area of the ocean floor, it accounts for approximately 10–18% of the total oceanic carbon burial. Currently global seagrass meadows are estimated to store as much as 19.9 Pg (gigaton, or billion tons) of organic carbon. There has been considerable attention to how large-scale... | 9 | Geochemistry |
The scope of organometallic reagents that may be aminated by electrophilic methods is large. Alkyl Grignard reagents, alkylithium compounds, alkylzinc compounds, and alkylcuprates have been aminated with electrophilic reagents successfully. Among sp-centered carbanions, vinyllithium compounds, vinylcuprates, and vinyl ... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Agricola addresses the book to prominent German aristocrats, the most important of whom were Maurice, Elector of Saxony and his brother Augustus, who were his main patrons. He then describes the works of ancient and contemporary writers on mining and metallurgy, the chief ancient source being Pliny the Elder. Agricola ... | 8 | Metallurgy |
Taq polymerase lacks a 3′ to 5′ exonuclease activity. Thus, Taq has no error-proof-reading activity, which consists of excision of any newly misincorporated nucleotide base from the nascent (i.e., extending) DNA strand that does not match with its opposite base in the complementary DNA strand. The lack in 3′ to 5′ proo... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The following polyhedra are closo polyhedra, and are the basis for the 4n rules; each of these have triangular faces. The number of vertices in the cluster determines what polyhedron the structure is based on.
Using the electron count, the predicted structure can be found. n is the number of vertices in the cluster. Th... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Ractopamine () is an animal feed additive used to promote leanness and increase food conversion efficiency in farmed animals in several countries, but banned in others. Pharmacologically, it is a phenol-based TAAR1 agonist and β adrenoreceptor agonist that stimulates β and β adrenergic receptors.
It is most commonly ad... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
When multiple assays measure the same target their results and utility may or may not be comparable depending on the natures of the assay and their methodology, reliability etc. Such comparisons are possible through study of general quality attributes of the assays e.g. principles of measurement (including identificati... | 1 | Biochemistry |
iC3b is a protein fragment that is part of the complement system, a component of the vertebrate immune system. iC3b is produced when complement factor I cleaves C3b. Complement receptors on white blood cells are able to bind iC3b, so iC3b functions as an opsonin. Unlike intact C3b, iC3b cannot associate with factor B, ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
* For a polymer to exhibit the thermally induced shape-memory effect, it must have anchor points for temporary and permanent shape. These can be physical (chain entanglements, crystals) or chemical (chemical crosslinking, curing, vulcanization).
* This effect in polymers depends on entropic forces and not on martensiti... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
AMPP offers individual training and certification programs. Many are merged programs that originated as competing programs under the former NACE and SSPC organizations. Other programs are still being administered under the legacy NACE or SSPC frameworks until the merger is complete. | 8 | Metallurgy |
All peroxisomal proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm and must be directed to the peroxisome. The first step in this process is the binding of the protein to a receptor. The receptor then directs the complex to the peroxisome. Receptors recognize and bind to a region of the peroxisomal protein called a peroxisomal ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Cast iron has been found in China dating to the 5th century BC, but the earliest extant blast furnaces in China date to the 1st century AD and in the West from the High Middle Ages. They spread from the region around Namur in Wallonia (Belgium) in the late 15th century, being introduced to England in 1491. The fuel use... | 8 | Metallurgy |
Three-letter abbreviations are used to describe phenotypes in bacteria including E. coli.
Examples include:
* Lac (the ability to use lactose),
* His (the ability to synthesize the amino acid histidine)
* Mot (swimming motility)
* Sm (resistance to the antibiotic streptomycin)
In the case of Lac, wild type cells are La... | 1 | Biochemistry |
There are about 20,000 known lichen species. But what is meant by "species" is different from what is meant by biological species in plants, animals, or fungi, where being the same species implies that there is a common ancestral lineage. Because lichens are combinations of members of two or even three different biolog... | 2 | Environmental Chemistry |
A chemolithotroph is able to use inorganic reduced compounds in its energy-producing reactions. This process involves the oxidation of inorganic compounds coupled to ATP synthesis. The majority of chemolithotrophs are chemolithoautotrophs, able to fix carbon dioxide (CO) through the Calvin cycle, a metabolic pathway in... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Quoted values sunlight-to-biomass efficiency
The following is a breakdown of the energetics of the photosynthesis process from Photosynthesis by Hall and Rao:
Starting with the solar spectrum falling on a leaf,
* 47% lost due to photons outside the 400–700 nm active range (chlorophyll uses photons between 400 and 700 n... | 5 | Photochemistry |
Early diffusion models postulated that atomic motion in substitutional alloys occurs via a direct exchange mechanism, in which atoms migrate by switching positions with atoms on adjacent lattice sites. Such a mechanism implies that the atomic fluxes of two different materials across an interface must be equal, as each... | 8 | Metallurgy |
The 5' UTRs of mouse L1s contain a variable number of GC-rich tandemly repeated monomers of around 200 bp, followed by a short non-monomeric region. Human 5’ UTRs are ~900 bp in length and do not contain repeated motifs. All families of human L1s harbor in their most 5’ extremity a binding motif for the transcription f... | 1 | Biochemistry |
LaNi is a hexagonal intermetallic compound composed of rare earth element lanthanum and transition metal nickel. It presents a calcium pentacopper (CaCu) crystal structure. It is a melting compound with the same composition and has hydrogen storage capacity. | 8 | Metallurgy |
The variable region rearrangements happen in an orderly sequence in the bone marrow. Usually, the assortment of these gene segments occurs at B cell maturation. | 1 | Biochemistry |
Thermodynamic potentials for the reduction of CO to various products is given in the following table versus NHE at pH = 7. Single electron reduction of CO to CO radical occurs at E° = −1.90 V versus NHE at pH = 7 in an aqueous solution at 25 °C under 1 atm gas pressure. The reason behind the high negative thermodynamic... | 5 | Photochemistry |
Only certain combinations of symmetry elements are possible in a space group. Translations are always present, and the space group P1 has only translations and the identity element. The presence of mirrors implies glide planes as well, and the presence of rotation axes implies screw axes as well, but the converses are ... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
Racemic crystallography is a technique used in structural biology where crystals of a protein molecule are developed from an equimolar mixture of an L-protein molecule of natural chirality and its D-protein mirror image. L-protein molecules consist of left-handed L-amino acids and the achiral amino acid glycine, where... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
An episome is a special type of plasmid, which remains as a part of the eukaryotic genome without integration. Episomes manage this by replicating together with the rest of the genome and subsequently associating with metaphase chromosomes during mitosis. Episomes do not degrade, unlike standard plasmids, and can be de... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α-adrenergic agonist. It possesses an α:α selectivity ratio of 1620:1, making it eight times more selective for the α-receptor than clonidine. Unlike opioids and other sedatives such as propofol, dexmedetomidine is able to achieve its effects without causing respiratory depression... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
Polanyis deliverance' (as he described it) from these rejections and criticism of his model occurred in 1930, when Fritz London proposed a new theory of cohesive forces founded on the theories of quantum mechanics on the polarization of electronic systems. Polanyi wrote to London asking,
After computational analysis, ... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The combination of atoms into molecules leads to the creation of unique types of energetic states and therefore unique spectra of the transitions between these states. Molecular spectra can be obtained due to electron spin states (electron paramagnetic resonance), molecular rotations, molecular vibration, and electroni... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Stars known as white dwarfs have mass comparable to the Sun, but have about a hundredth of its radius. The high densities mean that the electrons are no longer bound to single nuclei and instead form a degenerate electron gas. The number density of electrons in a white dwarf is of the order of 10 electrons/m. This mea... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Thermolysin is an enzyme produced by Bacillus thermoproteolyticus that catalyses the hydrolysis of peptides containing hydrophobic amino acids. Therefore, it is also a target for antibacterial agents. The enzymatic reaction mechanism starts form the small peptide molecule and replaces the zinc binding water molecule to... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Two major modifications of the biuret test are commonly applied in modern colorimetric analysis of peptides: the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay and the Lowry assay. In these tests, the Cu formed during the biuret reaction reacts further with other reagents, leading to a deeper color.
In the BCA test, Cu forms a deep pu... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Magnetic particles loaded with vectors are concentrated on the target cells by the influence of an external magnetic field. The cells then take up genetic material naturally via endocytosis and pinocytosis. Consequently, membrane architecture and structure stays intact, in contrast to other physical transfection method... | 1 | Biochemistry |
DNA editing proteins edit and permanently change gene sequence, and subsequently the gene expression of the cell. All progenies of the cell will inherit the edited gene sequence. DNA editing proteins often take part in the immune response system of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, providing high variance in gene expres... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Before 1830, few Americans used ice to refrigerate foods due to a lack of ice-storehouses and iceboxes. As these two things became more widely available, individuals used axes and saws to harvest ice for their storehouses. This method proved to be difficult, dangerous, and certainly did not resemble anything that could... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Perovskite materials exhibit many interesting and intriguing properties from both the theoretical and the application point of view. Colossal magnetoresistance, ferroelectricity, superconductivity, charge ordering, spin dependent transport, high thermopower and the interplay of structural, magnetic and transport proper... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
The ASTM D6866 method has been developed to certify the biologically derived content of bioplastics. Cosmic rays colliding with the atmosphere mean that some of the carbon is the radioactive isotope carbon-14. CO from the atmosphere is used by plants in photosynthesis, so new plant material will contain both carbon-14 ... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Shq1p is a protein involved in the rRNA processing pathway. It was discovered by Pok Yang in the Chanfreau laboratory at UCLA. Depletion of Shq1p has led to decreased level of various H/ACA box snoRNAs (H/ACA box snoRNAs are responsible for pseuduridylation of pre-rRNA) and certain pre-rRNA intermediates. | 1 | Biochemistry |
Hydrolysis constants (log values) in critical compilations at infinite dilution and T = 298.15 K:
Errors in compilations concerning equilibrium and/or data elaboration. Data not recommended. Strongly suggested to refer to the original papers. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Knock out of AK1 disrupts the synchrony between inorganic phosphate and turnover at ATP-consuming sites and ATP synthesis sites. This reduces the energetic signal communication in the post-ischemic heart and precipitates inadequate coronary reflow following ischemia-reperfusion. | 1 | Biochemistry |
The study of spinor condensates was initiated in 1998 by experimental groups at JILA
and MIT. These experiments utilised
Na and Rb atoms, respectively.
In contrast to most prior experiments on ultracold gases, these experiments utilised a purely
optical trap, which is spin-insensitive. Shortly thereafter, theoretica... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
It is possible to use this technique to study the overall degree of translation in cells (for examples), but it can be used much more specifically to study individual proteins and their mRNAs. As an example shown in the lower portion of the figure, a protein that composes part of the small subunit can first be detected... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Protein–protein interaction networks are an important ingredient for the system-level understanding of cellular processes.
Such networks can be used for filtering and assessing functional genomics data and for providing an intuitive platform for annotating structural, functional and evolutionary properties of proteins... | 1 | Biochemistry |
In cattle and swine tissue, it was found in 2007 that a procedure for the analysis of ractopamine residues in liver or muscle can be performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. The confirmatory method include reversed-phase HPLC/electrospray ionization triple tandem quadrupol... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
Coating components are subject to particle-particle, particle-solvent, and particle-polymer interactions. Van der Waals forces, electrostatic repulsions, and steric stabilization are the reasons for these interactions. Importantly, the characteristics of adhesion and cohesion between the components form the base coatin... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Particulate organic matter (POM) includes steadily decomposing plant litter and animal faeces, and the detritus from the activity of microorganisms. Most of it continually undergoes decomposition by microorganisms (when conditions are sufficiently moist) and usually has a turnover time of less than 10 years. Less activ... | 9 | Geochemistry |
* [http://www.maizegdb.org/cgi-bin/displaylocusrecord.cgi?id=12097 MaizeGDB]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?cmd=search&term=542117 NCBI]
* [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P42390 Uniprot] | 1 | Biochemistry |
This derivation
based on statistical mechanics was originally provided by Volmer and Mahnert in 1925. The partition function of the finite number of adsorbents adsorbed on a surface, in a canonical ensemble, is given by
where is the partition function of a single adsorbed molecule, is the number of adsorption sites (... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
At higher energies ionization tends to occur more than chemical dissociations. In a typical reactive gas, 1 in 100 molecules form free radicals whereas only 1 in 10 ionizes. The predominant effect here is the forming of free radicals.
Ionic effects can predominate with selection of process parameters and if necessary t... | 8 | Metallurgy |
The continuous process of applying up to three separate coating layers onto one or both sides of a metal strip substrate occurs on a coil coating line. These lines vary greatly in size, with widths from and speeds from ; however, all coil-coating lines share the same basic process steps.
A typical organic coil coating... | 8 | Metallurgy |
The specific biochemical mechanism of lithium action in stabilizing mood is unknown.
Upon ingestion, lithium becomes widely distributed in the central nervous system and interacts with a number of neurotransmitters and receptors, decreasing norepinephrine release and increasing serotonin synthesis.
Unlike many other ps... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The first glycosynthase was a retaining exoglycosidase that catalyzed the formation of β 1-4 linked glycosides of glucose and galactose. Glycosynthase enzymes have since been expanded to include mutants of endoglycosidase, as well as mutants of inverting glycosidase. Substrates of glycosynthase include glucose, galac... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Mixer settlers are a class of mineral process equipment used in the solvent extraction process. A mixer settler consists of a first stage that mixes the phases together followed by a quiescent settling stage that allows the phases to separate by gravity. | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Many lawsuits have been filed against Bayer, the manufacturer of drospirenone, due to the higher risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) that has been observed with combined birth control pills containing drospirenone and certain other progestins relative to the risk with levonorgestrel-containing combined birth control p... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
An example reference range for transferrin is 204–360 mg/dL. Laboratory test results should always be interpreted using the reference range provided by the laboratory that performed the test.
A high transferrin level may indicate an iron deficiency anemia. Levels of serum iron and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) are... | 1 | Biochemistry |
In a gas of finite-sized particles there are collisions among particles that depend on their cross-sectional size. The average distance that a particle travels between collisions depends on the density of gas particles. These quantities are related by
where
: is the cross section of a two-particle collision (SI units: ... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Because BIK1 is a possible regulator of the FLS2-BAK1 complex, it is speculated that in vitro, BAK1 phosphorylates BIK1, which then phosphorylates both FLS2 and BAK1. However, in vivo, BIK1 is not phosphorylated until about 5-10 minutes after the addition of FS2, and the peak phosphorylation occurs just after the phos... | 1 | Biochemistry |
* Gold. 1990. Organic Compounds in Biological Systems, 2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100213004815/http://faculty.mansfield.edu/bganong/biochemistry/reagents.htm Chemical Reagents] | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
If the polymeric system is amorphous, then the anchor points of the crystalline structure are not available and the only way to ensure the stability of the temporary shape is through chain entanglements (physical entanglements and not chemical crosslinking), in addition to the possibility of crosslinking. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Iron or steel, when heated to above 460 °C (900 °F), glows with a red color. The color of heated iron changes predictably (due to black-body radiation) from dull red through orange and yellow to white, and can be a useful indicator of its temperature. Good quality iron or steel at and above this temperature becomes inc... | 8 | Metallurgy |
The pterobranchia mitochondrial code (translation table 24) is a genetic code used by the mitochondrial genome of Rhabdopleura compacta (Pterobranchia). The Pterobranchia are one of the two groups in the Hemichordata which together with the Echinodermata and Chordata form the three major lineages of deuterostomes. AUA... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Some metals, particularly nickel and nickel alloys, can be made into nanocrystalline foils using electrodeposition. | 8 | Metallurgy |
SCARLET (site-specific cleavage and radioactive-labeling followed by ligation-assisted extraction and thin-layer chromatography) is used determining the fraction of RNA in a sample that carries a methylated adenine at a specific site. One can start with total RNA without having to enrich for the target RNA molecule. Th... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Catalyst poisons lower catalyst activity. They are usually impurities in the synthesis gas. Permanent poisons cause irreversible loss of catalytic activity, while temporary poisons lower the activity while present. Sulfur compounds, phosphorus compounds, arsenic compounds, and chlorine compounds are permanent poisons. ... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The first approved gene therapy clinical research in the US took place on 14 September 1990, at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), under the direction of William French Anderson. Four-year-old Ashanti DeSilva received treatment for a genetic defect that left her with adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA-SCID), a s... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The active zone or synaptic active zone is a term first used by Couteaux and Pecot-Dechavassinein in 1970 to define the site of neurotransmitter release. Two neurons make near contact through structures called synapses allowing them to communicate with each other. As shown in the adjacent diagram, a synapse consists o... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The existence of charged particles causes the plasma to generate, and be affected by, magnetic fields. Plasma with a magnetic field strong enough to influence the motion of the charged particles is said to be magnetized. A common quantitative criterion is that a particle on average completes at least one gyration aroun... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Thalidomide is a classical example highlighting the alleged role of chirality in drug toxicity. Thalidomide was a racemic therapeutic and prescribed to pregnant women to control nausea and vomiting. The drug was withdrawn from world market when it became evident that the use in pregnancy causes phocomelia (clinical con... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
Hydrolysis of DNA occurs at a significant rate in vivo. For example, it is estimated that in each human cell 2,000 to 10,000 DNA purine bases turn over every day due to hydrolytic depurination, and that this is largely counteracted by specific rapid DNA repair processes. Hydrolytic DNA damages that fail to be accuratel... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Carboranes of intermediate nuclearity are most efficiently generated by degradations from larger clusters. In contrast, smaller carboranes are usually prepared by building-up routes, e.g. from pentaborane + alkyne, etc.
For example ortho-carborane can be degraded to give , which can be manipulated with oxidants, proto... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The waste product was allowed to cool in the hearth and removed as a "mosser". In the Furness district they were often left as the capstone of a wall, particularly near Spark Bridge and Nibthwaite forges. | 8 | Metallurgy |
A riboside is any glycoside of ribose. Ribosides in the form of ribonucleosides and ribonucleotides play an important role in biochemistry. | 1 | Biochemistry |
The largest risk when using a separating funnel is that of pressure build-up. Pressure accumulates during mixing if a gas evolving reaction or physical change occurs. This problem can be easily handled by simply opening the stopper at the top of the funnel routinely while mixing. More standard procedure is to invert th... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Analytical Chemistry is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal published since 1929 by the American Chemical Society. Articles address general principles of chemical measurement science and novel analytical methodologies. Topics commonly include chemical reactions and selectivity, chemometrics and data processing,... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
In a GC-O analysis, various methods are used to determine the odour contribution of a compound or the relative importance of each odorant. The methods can be categorised as (i) detection frequency, (ii) dilution to threshold and (iii) direct intensity. | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Bents rule is able to characterize molecule geometry with accuracy. Bents rule provides a reliable and robust framework for predicting the bond angles of molecules. Bents rule accuracy and precision in predicting the geometry of real-world molecules continues to demonstrate its credibility. Beyond bond angle prediction... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
conversion of carbon dioxide| into gaseous hydrocarbons. The proposed reaction mechanisms involve the creation of a highly reactive carbon radical from carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide which then reacts with photogenerated protons to ultimately form methane. Efficiencies of -based photocatalysts are low, although na... | 5 | Photochemistry |
Epigenetics refers to the study of heritable changes in genetic activities that are distinct from changes in DNA sequences. Epigenetic analysis involves studying DNA-protein interactions, histone modifications, and DNA methylation. Linked-read sequencing has been used for studying DNA methylation patterns by many studi... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Bilirubin (BR) (from the Latin for "red bile") is a red-orange compound that occurs in the normal catabolic pathway that breaks down heme in vertebrates. This catabolism is a necessary process in the body's clearance of waste products that arise from the destruction of aged or abnormal red blood cells. In the first ste... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The cecum is a pouch marking the division between the small intestine and the large intestine. It lies below the ileocecal valve in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen. The cecum receives chyme from the last part of the small intestine, the ileum, and connects to the ascending colon of the large intestine. At this ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Zeba was married to Toufiq M Seraj, a Bangladeshi businessman who was the founder and managing director of Sheltech. They have two daughters. | 1 | Biochemistry |
Thermal radiation is an important factor of many engineering applications, especially for those dealing with high temperatures. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
A western blot is used for the detection of specific proteins in complex samples. Proteins are first separated by size using electrophoresis before being transferred to an appropriate blotting matrix (usually polyvinylidene fluoride or nitrocellulose) and subsequent detection with antibodies. | 1 | Biochemistry |
Many elegant structural mimics have been synthesized reproducing the atomic content and connectivity of the active site. The work by Pickett is a prime example of this field. The catalytic activity of these mimics do not however compare to the native enzyme. In contrast, functional mimics, also known as bio-inspired... | 1 | Biochemistry |
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