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The molecule is tetrahedral with C symmetry. The S-O distance is 140.5 pm, S-F is 153.0 pm. As predicted by VSEPR, the O-S-O angle is more open than the F-S-F angle, 124° and 97°, respectively.
One synthesis begins with the preparation of potassium fluorosulfite:
:SO + KF → KSOF
This salt is then chlorinated to gi... | 2 | Environmental Chemistry |
Neurotrophins are a family of proteins that induce the survival, development, and function of neurons.
They belong to a class of growth factors, secreted proteins that can signal particular cells to survive, differentiate, or grow. Growth factors such as neurotrophins that promote the survival of neurons are known as n... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Supramolecular electronics is the experimental field of supramolecular chemistry that bridges the gap between molecular electronics and bulk plastics in the construction of electronic circuitry at the nanoscale. In supramolecular electronics, assemblies of pi-conjugated systems on the 5 to 100 nanometer scale are prepa... | 6 | Supramolecular Chemistry |
In the case of oxide copper ore, a heap leaching pad will dissolve a dilute copper sulfate solution in a weak sulfuric acid solution. This pregnant leach solution (PLS) is pumped to an extraction mixer settler where it is mixed with the organic phase (a kerosene hosted extractant). The copper transfers to the organic... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
The DNA sense strand looks like the messenger RNA (mRNA) transcript, and can therefore be used to read the expected codon sequence that will ultimately be used during translation (protein synthesis) to build an amino acid sequence and then a protein. For example, the sequence "ATG" within a DNA sense strand corresponds... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Cosmids are predominantly plasmids with a bacterial oriV, an antibiotic selection marker and a cloning site, but they carry one, or more recently two, cos sites derived from bacteriophage lambda. Depending on the particular aim of the experiment, broad host range cosmids, shuttle cosmids or mammalian cosmids (linked to... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Under 1.59 GPa pressure at 25 °C, methane converts to a cubic solid. The molecules are rotationally disordered. But over 5.25 GPa the molecules become locked into position and cannot spin. Other hydrocarbons under high pressure have hardly been studied. | 9 | Geochemistry |
Many C–H activation reactions, particularly those involving late transition metals, require carboxylate or carbonate bases. The need for this reaction component often suggests the occurrence of a CMD pathway. However, in order to be classified as CMD, the transition state does not need to involve the carboxylate as a l... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
The reciprocal lattice to a BCC lattice is the FCC lattice, with a cube side of .
It can be proven that only the Bravais lattices which have 90 degrees between (cubic, tetragonal, orthorhombic) have primitive translation vectors for the reciprocal lattice, , parallel to their real-space vectors. | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Mass analyzed threshold ionization (MATI) was developed with idea of collecting the mass of the ions in a ZEKE experiment.
MATI offered a mass resolution advantage to ZEKE. Because MATI also exploits vibrational autoionization of near-threshold Rydberg states, it also can offer a comparable resolution with the laser ba... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Conventional dielectrometry is carried out typically in a parallel plate configuration of the dielectric sensor (capacitance probe) and has the capability of monitoring the resin cure throughout the entire cycle, from the liquid to the rubber to the solid state. It is capable of monitoring phase separation in complex r... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
FLiNaK salt was researched heavily during the late 1950s by Oak Ridge National Laboratory as potential candidate for a coolant in the molten salt reactor because of its low melting point, its high heat capacity, and its chemical stability at high temperatures. Ultimately, its sister salt, FLiBe, was chosen as the solv... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Littrow expansion and its counterpart Littrow compression are optical effects associated with slitless imaging spectrographs. These effects are named after austrian physicist Otto von Littrow.
In a slitless imaging spectrograph, light is focused with a conventional optical system, which includes a transmission or refle... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Clinical and translational data suggest that sensitive tumor types, with adequate parameters and functional apoptosis pathways, might not need high doses of mTOR inhibitors to trigger apoptosis. In most cases, cancer cells might only be partially sensitive to mTOR inhibitors due to redundant signal transduction or lack... | 1 | Biochemistry |
In terms of its coordination properties, phenanthroline is similar to 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy) with the advantage that the two nitrogen donors are preorganized for chelation. Phenanthroline is a stronger base than bipy. According to one ligand ranking scale, phen is a weaker donor than bipy.
Several homoleptic complexes... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
A single material may have several distinct solid states capable of forming separate phases. Water is a well-known example of such a material. For example, water ice is ordinarily found in the hexagonal form ice I, but can also exist as the cubic ice I, the rhombohedral ice II, and many other forms. Polymorphism is the... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Several theories describe the equilibrium segregation activity in materials. The adsorption theories for the solid-solid interface and the solid-vacuum surface are direct analogues of theories well known in the field of gas adsorption on the free surfaces of solids. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Boyles law is often used as part of an explanation on how the breathing system works in the human body. This commonly involves explaining how the lung volume may be increased or decreased and thereby cause a relatively lower or higher air pressure within them (in keeping with Boyles law). This forms a pressure differen... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The CD family of co-receptors are a well-studied group of extracellular receptors found in immunological cells. The CD receptor family typically act as co-receptors, illustrated by the classic example of CD4 acting as a co-receptor to the T cell receptor (TCR) to bind major histocompatibility complex II (MHC-II). This ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The non-stoichiometric cycles with CeO can be describes with the following reactions:
::Reduction reaction: CeO → CeO + δ/2 O
::Oxidation reaction: CeO + δ HO → CeO + δ H
The reduction occurs when CeO, or ceria, is exposed to a inert atmosphere at around 1500 °C to 1600 °C, and hydrogen release occurs at 800 °C during ... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
In early 2004, Novartis Pharmaceuticals have disclosed the detail of a 60g-scale synthesis of (+)-discodermolide. This synthesis utilized the Smith gram-scale approach and the Paterson first-generation endgame. This synthesis allows (+)-discodermolide to be evaluated as an in vivo chemotherapeutic agent for adult pati... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
*2.C.1 The TonB-ExbB-ExbD/TolA-TolQ-TolR (TonB) Family of Auxiliary Proteins for Energization of Outer Membrane Receptor (OMR)-mediated Active Transport | 1 | Biochemistry |
The physical presence of introns promotes cellular resistance to starvation via intron enhanced repression of ribosomal protein genes of nutrient-sensing pathways. | 1 | Biochemistry |
closo- is formed by the face-sharing condensation of two icosahedra. The m + n + o + p − q rule demands 23 SEPs; 18 BH units provide 18 pairs and 3 shared boron atoms provide pairs; the negative charge provides one half pair. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Zeise made several scientific discoveries. His discovery of mercaptans (thiols) in 1832 and thioethers in 1833, was once a weighty support for the influential (now obsolete) "Radical Theory" which Berzelius and Liebig developed, provoking important chemical studies. His discovery and work on xanthates, led to the wides... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Vancomycin is usually given intravenously, as an infusion, and can cause tissue necrosis and phlebitis at the injection site if given too rapidly. Pain at site of injection is indeed a common adverse event. One of the side-effects is red man syndrome, an idiosyncratic reaction to bolus caused by histamine release. Some... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Early studies on donor-acceptor complexes focused on the solvatochromism exhibited by iodine, which often results from I forming adducts with electron donors such as amines and ethers. Dihalogens X (X = Cl, Br, I) and interhalogens XY(X = I; Y = Cl, Br) are Lewis acid species capable of forming a variety of products wh... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
In chemical kinetics, an Arrhenius plot displays the logarithm of a reaction rate constant, ordinate axis) plotted against reciprocal of the temperature abscissa). Arrhenius plots are often used to analyze the effect of temperature on the rates of chemical reactions. For a single rate-limited thermally activated proc... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Droplet countercurrent chromatography (DCCC) was introduced in 1970 by Tanimura, Pisano, Ito, and Bowman. DCCC uses only gravity to move the mobile phase through the stationary phase which is held in long vertical tubes connected in series. In the descending mode, droplets of the denser mobile phase and sample are allo... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Class I AMGs encode for metabolism pathways in the cell and are found in KEGG. In particular, these genes are found in photosynthesis and carbon metabolism. psbA is almost a ubiquitous photosynthetic AMG for the photosystem Il reaction center D1 found in Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus cyanophages. Photosynthetic mac... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Favipiravir is sold under the brand names , Avifavir, Avipiravir, Areplivir, FabiFlu, Favipira, Reeqonus, and Qifenda. | 4 | Stereochemistry |
Eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL), sold under the brand names Aptiom and Zebinix among others, is an anticonvulsant medication approved for use in Europe and the United States as monotherapy or as additional therapy for partial-onset seizures epilepsy.
Similarly to oxcarbazepine, ESL behaves as a prodrug to (S)-(+)-licarba... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
Outer sphere ET is the basis of the biological function of the iron-sulfur proteins. The Fe centers are typically further coordinated by cysteinyl ligands. The [FeS] electron-transfer proteins ([FeS] ferredoxins) may be further subdivided into low-potential (bacterial-type) and high-potential (HiPIP) ferredoxins. Low- ... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
An antibody titer is a measurement of how much antibody an organism has produced that recognizes a particular epitope. It is conventionally expressed as the inverse of the greatest dilution level that still gives a positive result on some test. ELISA is a common means of determining antibody titers. For example, the in... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The usual process of electrorefining copper consists of placing a copper anode (about 99.5–99.7% pure copper) in sulfuric acid (HSO) bath of copper electrolyte, together with a cathode, and passing a current between the anode and cathode through an external circuit. At the applied electropotential, copper and less nobl... | 8 | Metallurgy |
CRISPR-associated transposons or CASTs are mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that have evolved to make use of minimal CRISPR systems for RNA-guided transposition of their DNA. Unlike traditional CRISPR systems that contain interference mechanisms to degrade targeted DNA, CASTs lack proteins and/or protein domains responsi... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The first known IPN was a combination of phenol-formaldehyde resin with vulcanized natural rubber made by Jonas Aylsworth in 1914. However, this was before Staudinger's hypothesis on macromolecules and thus the terms "polymer" or "IPN" were not yet used. The first usage of the term "interpenetrating polymer networks" w... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Systems that admit a treatment with the system size expansion may be described by a probability distribution , giving the probability of observing the system in state at time . may be, for example, a vector with elements corresponding to the number of molecules of different chemical species in a system. In a system o... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Polyadenylation is the addition of a poly(A) tail to an RNA transcript, typically a messenger RNA (mRNA). The poly(A) tail consists of multiple adenosine monophosphates; in other words, it is a stretch of RNA that has only adenine bases. In eukaryotes, polyadenylation is part of the process that produces mature mRNA fo... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Nucleophilic epoxidation is the formation of epoxides from electron-deficient double bonds through the action of nucleophilic oxidants. Nucleophilic epoxidation methods represent a viable alternative to electrophilic methods, many of which do not epoxidize electron-poor double bonds efficiently.
Although the most commo... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
In some cases, the adsorbed molecule is chemically bonded to the surface/material, providing a strong adhesion and limiting desorption. If this is the case, desorption requires a chemical reaction which cleaves the chemical bonds. One way to accomplish this is to apply a voltage to the surface, resulting in either redu... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Tetrafluoromethane is a potent greenhouse gas that contributes to the greenhouse effect. It is very stable, has an atmospheric lifetime of 50,000 years, and a high greenhouse warming potential 6,500 times that of CO.
Tetrafluoromethane is the most abundant perfluorocarbon in the atmosphere, where it is designated as PF... | 2 | Environmental Chemistry |
eIF2 activity is regulated by a mechanism involving both guanine nucleotide exchange and phosphorylation. Phosphorylation takes place at the α-subunit, which is a target for a number of serine kinases that phosphorylate serine 51. Those kinases act as a result of stress such as amino acid deprivation (GCN2), ER stress ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
In the estimation of human exposures to environmental chemicals, the following systemic errors have been known to occur:
* an ever increasing number of chemicals registered for use and difficulty of regulatory agencies to keep track. Many producers use the term confidential business information to withhold information,... | 2 | Environmental Chemistry |
This approach relies on observation and experimental data. It is specifically tailored to the geometrical shape of the vortex tube and the details of its flow and is designed to match the particular observables of the complex vortex tube flow, namely turbulence, acoustic phenomena, pressure fields, air velocities and m... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The dbEST is a division of Genbank established in 1992. As for GenBank, data in dbEST is directly submitted by laboratories worldwide and is not curated. | 1 | Biochemistry |
Termination finishes of nickel, gold or palladium have been shown to eliminate whisker formation in controlled trials. | 8 | Metallurgy |
RAFT is one of the most versatile and convenient techniques in this context. The most common RAFT-processes are carried out in the presence of thiocarbonylthio compounds that act as radical buffers.
While in ATRP and NMP reversible deactivation of propagating radical-radical reactions takes place and the dormant struct... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
* Davis, Frederick Rowe. "Pesticides and the perils of synecdoche in the history of science and environmental history." History of Science 57.4 (2019): 469–492.
* Davis, Frederick Rowe. Banned: a history of pesticides and the science of toxicology (Yale UP, 2014).
* Matthews, Graham A. A history of pesticides (CABI, 20... | 2 | Environmental Chemistry |
The setup for projection topography (also called "traverse" topography") is essentially identical to section topography, the difference being that both sample and film are now scanned laterally (synchronously) with respect to the narrow incident beam. A projection topograph therefore corresponds to the superposition of... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Okano’s group expanded on their success by using different modifiers to enhance hydrophobicity through the attachment of butyl methacrylate (BMA), a hydrophobic comonomer. For simplification the resultant polymer has been labeled as IBc (isopropylacrylamide butyl methacrylate copolymer). The polymers were synthesized u... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
In analytical chemistry, quantitative analysis is the determination of the absolute or relative abundance (often expressed as a concentration) of one, several or all particular substance(s) present in a sample. | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Photoluminescence (abbreviated as PL) is light emission from any form of matter after the absorption of photons (electromagnetic radiation). It is one of many forms of luminescence (light emission) and is initiated by photoexcitation (i.e. photons that excite electrons to a higher energy level in an atom), hence the pr... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
When anaerobic pathways are turned on, glycogen stores are depleted and accumulation of acidic waste products occurs. This is known as a Pasteur effect. A challenge hypoxia-tolerant fish face is how to produce ATP anaerobically without creating a significant Pasteur effect. Along with a reduction in metabolism, some... | 9 | Geochemistry |
The locally remove strategy begins with covering the entire surface with a SAM. Then individual SAM molecules are removed from locations where the deposition of nanostructures is not desired. The result is the same as in the locally attract strategy, the difference being in the way this is achieved. The major technique... | 6 | Supramolecular Chemistry |
Homoaromaticity, in organic chemistry, refers to a special case of aromaticity in which conjugation is interrupted by a single sp hybridized carbon atom. Although this sp center disrupts the continuous overlap of p-orbitals, traditionally thought to be a requirement for aromaticity, considerable thermodynamic stability... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The defining property of a crystal is its inherent symmetry. Performing certain symmetry operations on the crystal lattice leaves it unchanged. All crystals have translational symmetry in three directions, but some have other symmetry elements as well. For example, rotating the crystal 180° about a certain axis may res... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Advances in understanding genes and inheritance continued throughout the 20th century. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was shown to be the molecular repository of genetic information by experiments in the 1940s to 1950s. The structure of DNA was studied by Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins using X-ray crystallography, ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Carbon compounds can be distinguished as either organic or inorganic, and dissolved or particulate, depending on their composition. Organic carbon forms the backbone of key component of organic compounds such as – proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. Inorganic carbon is found primarily in simple compound... | 9 | Geochemistry |
Two families of naturally occurring products feature the diazo group: kinamycin and lomaiviticin. These molecules are DNA-intercalators, with diazo functionality as their "warheads". Loss of N, induced reductively, generates a DNA-cleaving fluorenyl radical. | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
The cyano group usually cannot be introduced by nucleophilic substitution of haloarenes, but such compounds can be easily prepared from diazonium salts. Illustrative is the preparation of benzonitrile using the reagent cuprous cyanide:
This reaction is a special type of Sandmeyer reaction. | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Apoptosis, the process of programmed cell death, involves complex signaling pathways and cascades of molecular events. This process is needed for proper development during embryonic and fetal growth where there is destruction and reconstruction of cellular structures. In adult organisms, apoptosis is needed to maintain... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Galvanism influenced metaphysical thought in the domain of abiogenesis, the underlying process of the generation of living forms. In 1836, Andrew Crosse recorded what he referred to as "the perfect insect, standing erect on a few bristles which formed its tail," as having appeared during an experiment wherein he used e... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
In organic chemistry, a functional group is a substituent or moiety in a molecule that causes the molecules characteristic chemical reactions. The same functional group will undergo the same or similar chemical reactions regardless of the rest of the molecules composition. This enables systematic prediction of chemical... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Since there is no single experimental feature which identifies a material as a spin liquid, several experiments have to be conducted to gain information on different properties which characterize a spin liquid. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
An especially notable irregular maximum density is that of water, which reaches a density peak at . This has important ramifications in Earth's ecosystem. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The pharmaceuticals pass sewage treatment plants. They like estrogen conjugates may cause problems. Drugs of the research were common, present in the aquatic environment and inability to be adequately removed by sewage treatment plants. There were seven different drugs in the research. Dibutyl sebacate and oleic acid f... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Larive received her Bachelor of Science from South Dakota State University in 1980, and her Master of Science degree from Purdue University in 1982. In 1992, she was awarded a Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of California, Riverside after working under the direction of Dallas L. Rabenstein. | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Following sonoporation-mediated membrane permeabilization, cells can automatically repair the membrane openings through a phenomenon called "reparable sonoporation." The membrane resealing process has been shown to be calcium-dependent. This property may suggest that the membrane repair process involves a cell's active... | 1 | Biochemistry |
A method commonly used to protect a structural metal is to attach a metal which is more anodic than the metal to be protected. This forces the structural metal to be cathodic, thus spared corrosion. It is called "sacrificial" because the anode dissolves and has to be replaced periodically.
Zinc bars are attached to var... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The degree distribution describes the number of proteins that have a certain number of connections. Most protein interaction networks show a scale-free (power law) degree distribution where the connectivity distribution P(k) ~ k with k being the degree. This relationship can also be seen as a straight line on a log-log... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Galvanic corrosion (also called bimetallic corrosion) is an electrochemical process in which one metal (more active one) corrodes preferentially when it is in electrical contact with another dissimilar metal, in the presence of an electrolyte. A similar galvanic reaction is exploited in primary cells to generate a usef... | 8 | Metallurgy |
This approach uses protein sequence data and the chemical and physical interactions of the encoded amino acids to predict the 3-D structures of proteins with no homology to solved protein structures. One highly successful method for ab initio modeling is the Rosetta program, which divides the protein into short segment... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Eutectoid steel can in principle be transformed completely into pearlite; hypoeutectoid steels can also be completely pearlitic if transformed at a temperature below the normal eutectoid. Pearlite can be hard and strong but is not particularly tough. It can be wear-resistant because of a strong lamellar network of ferr... | 8 | Metallurgy |
In 1896 Zeeman learned that his laboratory had one of Henry Augustus Rowlands highest resolving Rowland grating, an imaging spectrographic mirror. Zeeman had read James Clerk Maxwells article in Encyclopædia Britannica describing Michael Faraday's failed attempts to influence light with magnetism. Zeeman wondered if th... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The types of spectroscopy are distinguished by the type of radiative energy involved in the interaction. In many applications, the spectrum is determined by measuring changes in the intensity or frequency of this energy. The types of radiative energy studied include:
* Electromagnetic radiation was the first source of ... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
A DNA-binding dye binds to all double-stranded (ds) DNA in PCR, increasing the fluorescence quantum yield of the dye. An increase in DNA product during PCR therefore leads to an increase in fluorescence intensity measured at each cycle. However, dsDNA dyes such as SYBR Green will bind to all dsDNA PCR products, includi... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The swelling and bioadhesion of hydrogels can be controlled based on the fluid environment they are introduced to in the body. These properties make them excellent for use as controlled drug delivery devices. Where the hydrogel adheres in the body will be determined by its chemistry and reactions with the surrounding t... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Sedoheptulose-bisphosphatase (also sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase or SBPase, EC number 3.1.3.37; systematic name sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate 1-phosphohydrolase) is an enzyme that catalyzes the removal of a phosphate group from sedoheptulose 1,7-bisphosphate to produce sedoheptulose 7-phosphate. SBPase is an exampl... | 5 | Photochemistry |
Removal of the hydrogen atoms as protons turns a phosphoric acid into a phosphate anion. Partial removal yields various hydrogen phosphate anions. | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Oxygen is one of the reagents consumed during cyanidation, accepting the electrons from the gold, and a deficiency in dissolved oxygen slows leaching rate. Air or pure oxygen gas can be purged through the pulp to maximize the dissolved oxygen concentration. Intimate oxygen-pulp contactors are used to increase the parti... | 8 | Metallurgy |
A common simplification to (14) is the harmonic approximation, in which the probability density function is modeled as a Gaussian. Under this approximation, static displacive disorder is ignored and it is assumed that atomic displacements are determined entirely by motion (alternative models in which the Gaussian appro... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Single-molecule analysis<br />
Since minimal DNA sample required, time-consuming and costly amplification step is avoided to streamline sample preparation process.
Large DNA molecule templates (~500 kb) vs. Short DNA molecule templates (< 1kb)
While most next generation sequencing technologies aim of massive amounts of... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Stainless steel forms a passivation layer of chromium(III) oxide. Similar passivation behavior occurs with magnesium, titanium, zinc, zinc oxides, aluminium, polyaniline, and other electroactive conductive polymers.
Special "weathering steel" alloys such as Cor-Ten rust at a much slower rate than normal, because the ru... | 8 | Metallurgy |
The leukotriene (LT) receptors are G protein-coupled receptors that bind and are activated by the leukotrienes. They include the following proteins:
* Leukotriene B4 receptors (BLTRs) – bind to and are activated by LTB4:
** BLT (Leukotriene B receptor 1) –
** BLT (Leukotriene B receptor 2) –
* Cysteinyl leukotriene... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Anodizing can be carried out in phosphoric acid, usually as a surface preparation for adhesives. This is described in standard ASTM D3933. | 8 | Metallurgy |
Spectrum analyzers are widely used to measure the frequency response, noise and distortion characteristics of all kinds of radio-frequency (RF) circuitry, by comparing the input and output spectra. For example, in RF mixers, spectrum analyzer is used to find the levels of third order inter-modulation products and conve... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Definitive mechanistic studies of rhodium-catalyzed cyclopropanation are lacking. However, the mechanism has been rationalized based on product distribution and stereoselectivity. Attack of the diazo compound on the metal center generates a zwitterionic metal alkyl complex, which expels nitrogen gas to afford a metal c... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
In the sintering of ceramic materials, abnormal grain growth is often viewed as an undesirable phenomenon because rapidly growing grains may lower the hardness of the bulk material through Hall-Petch-type effects. However, the controlled introduction of dopants to bring about controlled AGG may be used to impart fibre-... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
The seipin gene BSCL2 was originally identified in mammals and the fruit fly, and later extended to fungi and plants. The human seipin gene is located on chromosome 11q13, with protein coding on the Crick strand.
There are three validated coding transcripts in GenBank. The primary transcript originally described, conta... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The Casein kinase 1 family () of protein kinases are serine/threonine-selective enzymes that function as regulators of signal transduction pathways in most eukaryotic cell types. CK1 isoforms are involved in Wnt signaling, circadian rhythms, nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling of transcription factors, DNA repair, and DNA tra... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering environmental toxicology and environmental chemistry. It was established in 1982 and is published by Wiley-Blackwell in conjunction with the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. The founding editor-in-chief was C... | 2 | Environmental Chemistry |
As they require the conjunction of specific environmental conditions to form, particular mineral deposit types tend to occupy specific geodynamic niches, therefore, this page has been organised by metal commodity. It is also possible to organise theories the other way, namely according to geological criteria of formati... | 9 | Geochemistry |
Time-translation symmetry or temporal translation symmetry (TTS) is a mathematical transformation in physics that moves the times of events through a common interval. Time-translation symmetry is the law that the laws of physics are unchanged (i.e. invariant) under such a transformation. Time-translation symmetry is a... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Molybdenum is an essential trace dietary element. Four mammalian Mo-dependent enzymes are known, all of them harboring a pterin-based molybdenum cofactor (Moco) in their active site: sulfite oxidase, xanthine oxidoreductase, aldehyde oxidase, and mitochondrial mitochondrial amidoxime reductase. People severely deficien... | 1 | Biochemistry |
* 1.B.1 General bacterial porin family
* 1.B.2 Chlamydial porin (CP) family
* 1.B.3 Sugar porin (SP) family
* 1.B.4 Brucella-Rhizobium porin (BRP) family
* 1.B.5 Pseudomonas OprP porin (POP) family
* 1.B.6 OmpA-OmpF porin (OOP) family
* 1.B.7 Rhodobacter PorCa porin (RPP) family
* 1.B.8 Mitochondrial and plastid porin ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The dominant application of metal carbenes involves none of the above classes of compounds, but rather heterogeneous catalysts used for alkene metathesis for the synthesis of higher alkenes. A variety of related reactions are used to interconvert light alkenes, e.g. butenes, propylene, and ethylene. Carbene complexes a... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
While lists of noble metals can differ, they tend to cluster around the six platinum group metals (ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum) plus gold.
In addition to this terms function as a compound noun, there are circumstances where noble is used as an adjective for the noun metal'. A galvanic seri... | 8 | Metallurgy |
Cellulose is synthesized by cellulose synthase or Rosette terminal complexes which reside on a cells membrane. As cellulose fibrils are synthesized and grow extracellularly they push up against neighboring cells. Since the neighboring cell can not move easily the Rosette complex is instead pushed around the cell throug... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Transcription factors are proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences in order to regulate the expression of a given gene. There are approximately 1,400 transcription factors in the human genome and they constitute about 6% of all human protein coding genes. The power of transcription factors resides in their ability... | 1 | Biochemistry |
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