text stringlengths 105 4.44k | label int64 0 9 | label_text stringclasses 10
values |
|---|---|---|
Many carboxylic acids are produced industrially on a large scale. They are also frequently found in nature. Esters of fatty acids are the main components of lipids and polyamides of aminocarboxylic acids are the main components of proteins.
Carboxylic acids are used in the production of polymers, pharmaceuticals, solve... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
General Control Non-Derepressible 5 (Gcn5) –related N-Acetyltransferases (GNATs) is one of the many studied families with acetylation abilities. This superfamily includes the factors Gcn5 which is included in the SAGA, SLIK, STAGA, ADA, and A2 complexes, Gcn5L, p300/CREB-binding protein associated factor (PCAF), Elp3, ... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Liebig and Wöhler observed in 1832 in an investigation of benzoin resin (benzoic acid) that the compounds almond oil (benzaldehyde), "Benzoestoff" (benzyl alcohol), benzoyl chloride and benzamide all share a common CHO fragment and that these compounds could all be synthesized from almond oil by simple substitutions. ... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Ethyl diazoacetate (N=N=CHC(O)OCH) is a diazo compound and a reagent in organic chemistry. It was discovered by Theodor Curtius in 1883. The compound can be prepared by reaction of the ethyl ester of glycine with sodium nitrite and sodium acetate in water.
As a carbene precursor, it is used in the cyclopropanation of a... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
In 1978, David J. Galas and Albert Schmitz developed the DNA footprinting technique to study the binding specificity of the lac repressor protein. It was originally a modification of the Maxam-Gilbert chemical sequencing technique. | 1 | Biochemistry |
In the United States, an environmental site assessment is a report prepared for a real estate holding that identifies potential or existing environmental contamination liabilities. The analysis, often called an ESA, typically addresses both the underlying land as well as physical improvements to the property. A propor... | 2 | Environmental Chemistry |
The Stokes-Einstein equation describes a frictional force on a sphere of diameter as where is the viscosity of the solution. Inserting this into 9 gives an estimate for as , where R is the gas constant, and is given in centipoise. For the following molecules, an estimate for is given: | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Silicon carbide was the first commercially important semiconductor material. A crystal radio "carborundum" (synthetic silicon carbide) detector diode was patented by Henry Harrison Chase Dunwoody in 1906. It found much early use in shipboard receivers. | 8 | Metallurgy |
Lipid microdomains are formed when lipids undergo lateral phase separations yielding stable coexisting lamellar domains. These phase separations can be induced by changes in temperature, pressure, ionic strength or by the addition of divalent cations or proteins. The question of whether such lipid microdomains observed... | 1 | Biochemistry |
A primary antibody can be very useful for the detection of biomarkers for diseases such as cancer, diabetes, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease and they are used for the study of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) and multi-drug resistance (MDR) of therapeutic agents. | 1 | Biochemistry |
Although anthocyanins have been shown to have antioxidant properties in vitro, there is no evidence for antioxidant effects in humans after consuming foods rich in anthocyanins. Unlike controlled test-tube conditions, the fate of anthocyanins in vivo shows they are poorly conserved (less than 5%), with most of what is ... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Creosote is a category of carbonaceous chemicals formed by the distillation of various tars and pyrolysis of plant-derived material, such as wood, or fossil fuel. They are typically used as preservatives or antiseptics.
Some creosote types were used historically as a treatment for components of seagoing and outdoor woo... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Examples of tetrazol-5-ylidenes based on tetrazole have been prepared by Araki. The N1 and N3 positions are substituted with alkyl or aryl groups. Transition metal complexes of these carbenes have been generated in situ. Mesoionic carbenes based on isoxazole and thiazole have been reported by Albrecht and Bertrand r... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
The HEC-Meeting dates back to an initiative in the year 1998 of Manfred Weiss and Rolf Hilgenfeld, who were researchers at the Institute for Molecular Biotechnology (IMB) in Jena and intended to establish a meeting format similar to the [http://regiomeeting.eu/ Rhine-Knee Regional Meeting on Structural Biology] in the ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Applying standard diffraction techniques to crystal powders or polycrystals is tantamount to collapsing the 3D reciprocal space, as obtained via single-crystal diffraction, onto a 1D axis. The resulting partial-to-total overlap of symmetry-independent reflections renders the structure determination process more difficu... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The S-matrix is defined to be the inner product
of the ath and bth Heisenberg picture asymptotic states. One may obtain a formula relating the S-matrix to the potential V using the above contour integral strategy, but this time switching the roles of and . As a result, the contour now does pick up the energy pole. ... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The kinetic process of destabilization can be rather long – up to several months, or even years for some products. Often the formulator must accelerate this process in order to test products in a reasonable time during product design. Thermal methods are the most commonly used – these consist of increasing the emulsion... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the branch of physical chemistry that is concerned with understanding the rates of chemical reactions. It is different from chemical thermodynamics, which deals with the direction in which a reaction occurs but in itself tells nothing about its rate. Chemical kinet... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Reflectance difference spectroscopy (RDS) is a spectroscopic technique which measures the difference in reflectance of two beams of light that are shone in normal incident on a surface with different linear polarizations. It is also known as reflectance anisotropy spectroscopy (RAS).
It is calculated as:
and are the... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Hyperspectral surveillance is the implementation of hyperspectral scanning technology for surveillance purposes. Hyperspectral imaging is particularly useful in military surveillance because of countermeasures that military entities now take to avoid airborne surveillance. The idea that drives hyperspectral surveillanc... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
In the BGIT, we assumed that a CH always makes a constant contribution to ΔH° values for cyclic system. H° values for a number of structures and represents an average value that gives the best agreement with the range of experimental data. In contrast, the strain energy of cyclobutane is specific to the parent compound... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Launched in the 1940s by the Shirley Institute, the Shirley Togmeter is the standard apparatus for rating thermal resistance of textiles, commonly known as the Tog Test. This apparatus, described in BS 4745:2005, measures a sample of textile, either between two metal plates (for underclothing) or between a metal plate ... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Crude oil and refined fuel spills from tanker ship accidents have damaged natural ecosystems and human livelihoods in Alaska, the Gulf of Mexico, the Galápagos Islands, France and many other places.
The quantity of oil spilled during accidents has ranged from a few hundred tons to several hundred thousand tons (e.g., D... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
In chromatography, the retardation factor, R, is the fraction of the sample in the mobile phase at equilibrium, defined as: | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
The high sensitivity of DESI in the lipid range makes it a powerful technique for the detection and mapping of lipids abundances within tissue specimens. Recent developments in MALDI methods have enabled direct detection of lipids in-situ. Abundant lipid-related ions are produced from the direct analysis of thin tissue... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Historically, the mechanisms of carboxypeptidases and endoprotease have been much more well-studied and understood by researchers (Ref #6 Lipscomb 1990). Work within the past two decades has provided vital knowledge regarding the mechanisms of aminopeptidases. The mechanism of
bovine lens LAP and PepA have been elucid... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Additional materials are added to the iron ore (pellet feed) to meet the requirements of the final pellets. This is done by placing the mixture in the pelletizer, which can hold different types of ores and additives, and mixing to adjust the chemical composition and the metallurgic properties of the pellets. In general... | 8 | Metallurgy |
DNA is a relatively rigid polymer, typically modelled as a worm-like chain. It has three significant degrees of freedom; bending, twisting, and compression, each of which cause certain limits on what is possible with DNA within a cell. Twisting-torsional stiffness is important for the circularisation of DNA and the ori... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
Following his completion of his PhD, Schoell began working for the German Geological Survey focusing on hyper saline hydrothermal vents in the Red Sea. From 1984 to 2001, Schoell worked for Chevron Oil Field Research Company in La Habra. During this time, he published his most cited paper, "Biogenic methane formation i... | 9 | Geochemistry |
Latent heat storage can be achieved through changes in the state of matter from liquid→solid, solid→liquid, solid→gas and liquid→gas. However, only solid→liquid and liquid→solid phase changes are practical for PCMs. Although liquid–gas transitions have a higher heat of transformation than solid–liquid transitions, liq... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The Beer–Lambert law can be applied to the analysis of a mixture by spectrophotometry, without the need for extensive pre-processing of the sample. An example is the determination of bilirubin in blood plasma samples. The spectrum of pure bilirubin is known, so the molar attenuation coefficient is known. Measurements ... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
At ambient conditions calcium disilicide exists in two polymorphs, hR9 and hR18; in the hR18 structure the hR9 unit cell is stacked twice along the c axis. Upon heating to 1000 °C at a pressure of ca. 40 kBar, calcium disilicide converts to a (semi-stable) tetragonal phase. The tetragonal phase is a superconductor with... | 8 | Metallurgy |
A repeat polymorphism of cytosines and adenines (CA) was found to be near BCYRN1 and was used as a reference for mapping the gene. Linkage mapping and radiation hybrid mapping localized the BCYRN1 gene to chromosome 2p16.
As a long non-coding cytoplasmic RNA, BC200 RNA is a part of the largest group of non-coding trans... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Spectral directional transmittance in frequency and spectral directional transmittance in wavelength of a surface, denoted T and T respectively, are defined as
where
*L is the spectral radiance in frequency transmitted by that surface;
*L is the spectral radiance received by that surface;
*L is the spectral radiance in... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Quark–gluon plasma (QGP or quark soup) is an interacting localized assembly of quarks and gluons at thermal (local kinetic) and (close to) chemical (abundance) equilibrium. The word plasma signals that free color charges are allowed. In a 1987 summary, Léon van Hove pointed out the equivalence of the three terms: quark... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Alexander Lyman Holley contributed significantly to the success of Bessemer steel in the United States. His A Treatise on Ordnance and Armor is an important work on contemporary weapons manufacturing and steel-making practices. In 1862, he visited Bessemers Sheffield works, and became interested in licensing the proces... | 8 | Metallurgy |
Her awards and honours include:
* 2003 National Science Foundation CAREER Award
* 2004 University of Delaware Francis Alison Young Scholar Award
* 2010 University of Minnesota Etter Memorial Lectureship in Chemistry
* 2012 University of Delaware Trabant Award for Women's Equity
* 2014 University of Southern Mississipp... | 6 | Supramolecular Chemistry |
Organotantalum chemistry is the chemistry of chemical compounds containing a carbon-to-tantalum chemical bond. A wide variety of compound have been reported, initially with cyclopentadienyl and CO ligands. Oxidation states vary from Ta(V) to Ta(-I). | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Within the field of microbial ecology, oligonucleotide probes are used in order to determine the presence of microbial species, genera, or microorganisms classified on a more broad level, such as bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes via fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). rRNA probes have enabled scientists to visu... | 1 | Biochemistry |
HOCPCA (3-hydroxycyclopent-1-enecarboxylic acid) is a compound with an affinity for the GHB receptor 39 times greater than that of GHB itself. | 1 | Biochemistry |
Podocin is a membrane protein of the band-7-stomatin family, consisting of 383 amino acids. It has a transmembrane domain forming a hairpin structure, with two cytoplasmic ends at the N- and C-terminus, the latter of which interacts with the cytosolic tail of nephrin, with CD2AP serving as an adaptor. | 1 | Biochemistry |
The C=S bond length of thiobenzophenone is 1.63 Å, which is comparable to 1.64 Å, the C=S bond length of thioformaldehyde, measured in the gas phase. Due to steric interactions, the phenyl groups are not coplanar and the dihedral angle SC-CC is 36°. Unhindered dialkylthiones polymerize or oligomerize but thiocamphor i... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
The dynamic reciprocity theory states that a cell’s fate depends on the exchange of chemical signals between the extracellular matrix and the nucleus of the cell. Focussing on connections between laminin-111 and other proteins involved in cell-to-cell communication could spark further research that may help to further ... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Urey created the names protium, deuterium, and tritium in an article published in 1934. The name is based in part on advice from Gilbert N. Lewis who had proposed the name "deutium". The name comes from Greek deuteros second, and the nucleus was to be called a "deuteron" or "deuton". Isotopes and new elements were trad... | 9 | Geochemistry |
Analytical thermal desorption originated in the mid-1970s as an adaptation to the injection procedure for GC. Injector liners were packed with a compound able to adsorb organic compounds, used to sample air or gas, and then dropped into the inlet of the GC. This principle was first widely employed for occupational moni... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
An adparticle is an atom, molecule, or cluster of atoms or molecules that lies on a crystal surface. The term is used in surface chemistry. The word is a contraction of "adsorbed particle". An adparticle that is a single atom may be referred to as an "adatom". | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Enantioselective catalysis (known traditionally as "asymmetric catalysis") is performed using chiral catalysts, which are typically chiral coordination complexes. Catalysis is effective for a broader range of transformations than any other method of enantioselective synthesis. The chiral metal catalysts are almost inva... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
IUPAC rules are often not followed for simple ethers. The trivial names for simple ethers (i.e., those with none or few other functional groups) are a composite of the two substituents followed by "ether". For example, ethyl methyl ether (CHOCH), diphenylether (CHOCH). As for other organic compounds, very common ethers... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Sandra Pizzarello, D.Bi.Sc. was a Venetian biochemist known for her co-discovery of amino acid enantiomeric excess in carbonaceous chondrite meteorites. Her research interests concerned the characterization of meteoritic organic compounds in elucidating the evolution of planetary homochirality. Pizzarello was a project... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Transcription factor II H (TFH) is an important protein complex, having roles in transcription of various protein-coding genes and DNA nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathways. TFH first came to light in 1989 when general transcription factor-δ or basic transcription factor 2 was characterized as an indispensable tran... | 1 | Biochemistry |
X-ray spectroscopy methods can be used for genuine operando analyses of catalysts and other functional materials. The redox dynamics of sulfur with Ni/GDC anode during solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) operation at mid- and low-range temperatures in an operando S K-edge XANES have been studied. Ni is a typical catalyst mate... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Some low molecular weight alcohols of industrial importance are produced by the addition of water to alkenes. Ethanol, isopropanol, 2-butanol, and tert-butanol are produced by this general method. Two implementations are employed, the direct and indirect methods. The direct method avoids the formation of stable interme... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
While a universally accepted definition of sustainability remains elusive, the Brundtland Commission of the United Nations defined sustainable development as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Sustainability, the long-term main... | 8 | Metallurgy |
Mars is differentiated, which—for a terrestrial planet—implies that it has a central core made up of high density matter (mainly metallic iron and nickel) surrounded by a less dense, silicate mantle and crust. Like Earth, Mars appears to have a molten iron core, or at least a molten outer core. However, there does not ... | 9 | Geochemistry |
Sensitizers absorb light to give redox-active excited states. For many metal-based sensitizers, excitation is realized as a metal-to-ligand charge transfer, whereby an electron moves from the metal (e.g., a d orbital) to an orbital localized on the ligands (e.g. the π* orbital of an aromatic ligand). The initial excit... | 5 | Photochemistry |
Electrofusion welding is characterized by four distinct stages that occur during the welding process:
# Incubation period
# Joint formation and consolidation
# Plateau region
# Cooling period
During the incubation period, heat is introduced into the joint as current is passed through the coil. Although there is no joi... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Dietary Reference Intakes, which is the "highest level of daily nutrient intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects" specify 10 mg/day for most people, corresponding to 10 L of fluoridated water with no risk. For young children the values are sma... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The traditional method of gel extraction involves creating a folded pocket of Parafilm wax paper and placing the agarose fragment inside. The agarose is physically compressed with a finger into a corner of the pocket, partially liquifying the gel and its contents. The liquid droplets can then be directed out of the poc... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Two physical systems are in thermal equilibrium if there is no net flow of thermal energy between them when they are connected by a path permeable to heat. Thermal equilibrium obeys the zeroth law of thermodynamics. A system is said to be in thermal equilibrium with itself if the temperature within the system is spatia... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
There are two types of continuous cooling diagrams drawn for practical purposes.
* Type 1: This is the plot beginning with the transformation start point, cooling with a specific transformation fraction and ending with a transformation finish temperature for all products against transformation time for each cooling cur... | 8 | Metallurgy |
With the insurgence in the usage of PPA during the past few years for various applications, the need to ameliorate the transient properties and enhance the mechanical features of this polymer has come to surface. PPA is known to be brittle; it possesses a large storage modulus, and a glass transition temperature that i... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
In most industrial fermentations, the organisms or eukaryotic cells are submerged in a liquid medium; in others, such as the fermentation of cocoa beans, coffee cherries, and miso, fermentation takes place on the moist surface of the medium.
There are also industrial considerations related to the fermentation process. ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
One major use of genomic libraries is hierarchichal shotgun sequencing, which is also called top-down, map-based or clone-by-clone sequencing. This strategy was developed in the 1980s for sequencing whole genomes before high throughput techniques for sequencing were available. Individual clones from genomic libraries c... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Weakly dissociated acids yield sharp thermometric endpoints when titrated with a strong base. For instance, bicarbonate can be unequivocally determined in the company of carbonate by titrating with hydroxyl (ΔH=-40.9 kJ/mol). | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
The Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry B () is an English-language translation of the eponymous Russian-language peer-reviewed scientific journal published by MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica and Springer Science+Business Media. The journal covers all aspects of chemical physics and combustion. The editor-in-chief is Anato... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The peritrich nuclear code (translation table 30) is a genetic code used by the nuclear genome of the peritrich ciliates Vorticella and Opisthonecta. | 1 | Biochemistry |
Hammond's postulate can be used to examine the structure of the transition states of a SN1 reaction. In particular, the dissociation of the leaving group is the first transition state in a S1 reaction. The stabilities of the carbocations formed by this dissociation are known to follow the trend tertiary > secondary > ... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Often referred to as a bearing heater, the mains frequency unit employs standard transformer principles for its operation. An internal winding is wound around a laminated core similar to a standard mains transformer. The core is then passed through the work-piece and when the primary coil is energised, a magnetic flux ... | 8 | Metallurgy |
The nitrogen vacancy defect in diamond consists of a single substitutional nitrogen atom (replacing one carbon atom) and an adjacent gap, or vacancy, in the lattice where normally a carbon atom would be located.
The nitrogen vacancy occurs in three possible charge states: positive (NV), neutral (NV) and negative (NV). ... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The aniline point of an oil is defined as the minimum temperature at which equal volumes of aniline () and lubricant oil are miscible, i.e. form a single phase upon mixing.
The value gives an approximation for the content of aromatic compounds in the oil, since the miscibility of aniline, which is also an aromatic comp... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Dioxiranes are derivatives of this parent in which the hydrogens are replaced by other groups. Difluorodioxirane, which boils at about –80 to –90 °C, is one of the very few dioxirane derivatives that is stable in pure form at room temperature and is thermodynamically stable (ΔH° = –104 kcal/mol). Dimesityldioxirane is... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Between 1915 and 1993, 235 sightings of milky seas were documented, most of which are concentrated in the northwestern Indian Ocean near to Somalia. The luminescent glow is concentrated on the surface of the ocean and does not mix evenly throughout the water column.
In 1985, a research vessel in the Arabian Sea took wa... | 1 | Biochemistry |
A more accurate approach as claimed by Grunenberg is to exploit compliance constants as means for describing chemical bonds as shown below.
All the calculated compliance constants above are given in N unit. For both n-butane and cyclobutane, the results are the same regardless of the choice of the coordinate systems. O... | 6 | Supramolecular Chemistry |
RHEED is an extremely popular technique for monitoring the growth of thin films. In particular, RHEED is well suited for use with molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), a process used to form high quality, ultrapure thin films under ultrahigh vacuum growth conditions. The intensities of individual spots on the RHEED pattern flu... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
It has been shown in previous studies that the only types of RNA editing seen in the plants mitochondria and plastids are conversion of C-to-U and U-to-C (very rare). RNA-editing sites are found mainly in the coding regions of mRNA, introns, and other non-translated regions. In fact, RNA editing can restore the functio... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Two staff members from ABC Radio also joined the expedition:
* Colin Simpson
* Raymond Frank Giles - Sound Recorder | 1 | Biochemistry |
If no force acts normal to a tensioned surface, the surface must remain flat. But if the pressure on one side of the surface differs from pressure on the other side, the pressure difference times surface area results in a normal force. In order for the surface tension forces to cancel the force due to pressure, the sur... | 6 | Supramolecular Chemistry |
Lecithinase is a type of phospholipase that acts upon lecithin.
It can be produced by Clostridium perfringens, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Listeria monocytogenes. C. perfringens alpha toxin (lecithinase) causes myonecrosis and hemolysis. The lecithinase of S. aureus is used in detection of coagula... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Named after its inventor, biologist Edwin Southern, the Southern blot is a method for probing for the presence of a specific DNA sequence within a DNA sample. DNA samples before or after restriction enzyme (restriction endonuclease) digestion are separated by gel electrophoresis and then transferred to a membrane by bl... | 1 | Biochemistry |
LOV-domains are a sub-class of PAS domains and were first identified in plants as part of Phototropin, which plays an essential role in the plant's growth towards light. They noncovalently bind Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) as coenzyme. Due to the bound FMN LOV-domains exhibit an intrinsic fluorescence, which is however ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
By protecting the diol group in triol 4.1 (scheme 4) as the phenyl boronic ester 4.2, the remaining alcohol group could be protected as the TBS ether 4.3. After deprotecting the diol group (hydrogen peroxide, sodium bicarbonate) again in 4.4 it was possible to oxidize the C19 alcohol to the ketone 4.5 with Dess-Martin... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
In 1968, Lusk described the limitation of bacterial (Escherichia coli) growth on Mg-poor media, suggesting that bacteria required Mg and were likely to actively take this ion from the environment. The following year, the same group and another group, Silver, independently described the uptake and efflux of Mg in metabo... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Schmiegel worked for Eli Lilly until his retirement in 1993. Though Schmiegel is retired, he still lives in Indianapolis near the Eli Lilly headquarters. | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
The specific gas constant of a gas or a mixture of gases (R) is given by the molar gas constant divided by the molar mass (M) of the gas or mixture:
Just as the molar gas constant can be related to the Boltzmann constant, so can the specific gas constant by dividing the Boltzmann constant by the molecular mass of the g... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
In materials with a large exciton binding energy, it is possible for a photon to have just barely enough energy to create an exciton (bound electron–hole pair), but not enough energy to separate the electron and hole (which are electrically attracted to each other). In this situation, there is a distinction between "op... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Metal-alkene complexes are uncommon in nature, with one exception. Ethene affects the ripening of fruit and flowers by complexation to a Cu(I) center in a transcription factor. | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
The N- terminal domain consists of amino acids 1-56 and is an amino terminal responsible DNA-binding and is a key mediator in the linkage between the C-terminal domain of the opposite dimer. The dimer interface II has its I255 side chain located in the N-terminal. | 1 | Biochemistry |
In organic chemistry, a semicarbazone is a derivative of imines formed by a condensation reaction between a ketone or aldehyde and semicarbazide. They are classified as imine derivatives because they are formed from the reaction of an aldehyde or ketone with the terminal -NH group of semicarbazide, which behaves very ... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
One way to visualize the internal standard method is to create one calibration curve that doesn't use the method and one calibration curve that does. Suppose there are known concentrations of nickel in a set of calibration solutions: 0 ppm, 1.6 ppm, 3.2 ppm, 4.8 ppm, 6.4 ppm, and 8 ppm. Each solution also has 5 ppm ytt... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
The most common type of mass spectrometer (MS) associated with a gas chromatograph (GC) is the quadrupole mass spectrometer, sometimes referred to by the Hewlett-Packard (now Agilent) trade name "Mass Selective Detector" (MSD). Another relatively common detector is the ion trap mass spectrometer. Additionally one may f... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
The integration of knowledge concerning the molecular and cellular actions of a drug within the brain circuitry leads to an overall understanding of a neurological drug's action mechanisms. This understanding of drug action in turn can be extrapolated to account for system-wide or clinical manifestations which are obse... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Several kinds of coating process are available: pack cementation process, gas phase coating (both are a type of chemical vapor deposition (CVD)), thermal spraying, and physical vapor deposition. In most cases, after the coating process, near-surface regions of parts are enriched with aluminium in a matrix of the nickel... | 8 | Metallurgy |
Active metabolism of glucose with production of bicarbonate has been demonstrated by Pettersson and Cohen.
Pettersson studies were on the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids by kidneys during 6 day hypothermic perfusion storage and he found that the kidneys consumed glucose at 4.4 μmol/g/day and fatty acids at 5.8 μm... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Vicinal difunctionalization reactions, most generally, lead to new bonds at two adjacent carbon atoms. Often this takes place in a stereocontrolled fashion, particularly if both bonds are formed simultaneously, as in the Diels-Alder reaction. Activated double bonds represent a useful handle for vicinal difunctionalizat... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
In organic chemistry, a sulfonanilide group is a functional group found in certain organosulfur compounds. It possesses the chemical structure , and consists of a sulfonamide group () where one of the two nitrogen substituents (R' or R") is a phenyl group (). It can be viewed as a derivative of aniline (). | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Epothilone B is a 16-membered polyketide macrolactone with a methylthiazole group connected to the macrocycle by an olefinic bond. The polyketide backbone was synthesized by type I polyketide synthase (PKS) and the thiazole ring was derived from a cysteine incorporated by a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS). In th... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
There are various methods of introducing foreign DNA into a eukaryotic cell: some rely on physical treatment (electroporation, cell squeezing, nanoparticles, magnetofection); others rely on chemical materials or biological particles (viruses) that are used as carriers. There are many different methods of gene delivery ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
To date, iron is one of the most widely studied trace metals, and iron isotope compositions are relatively well-documented. Based on measurements, iron isotopes exhibit minimal variation (±3‰) in the terrestrial environment. A list of iron isotopic values of different materials from different environments is presented ... | 9 | Geochemistry |
Certain azo dyes can break down under reductive conditions to release any of a group of defined aromatic amines. Consumer goods which contain listed aromatic amines originating from azo dyes were prohibited from manufacture and sale in European Union countries in September 2003. As only a small number of dyes contained... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Low-energy electrons are produced from a tungsten filament, a lanthanum hexaboride crystal cathode or a field emission electron source and accelerated by a positively biased anode plate to 3 to 30 thousand electron volts (keV). The anode plate has central aperture and electrons that pass through it are collimated and f... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.