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Carbon catabolite repression, or simply catabolite repression, is an important part of global control system of various bacteria and other microorganisms. Catabolite repression allows microorganisms to adapt quickly to a preferred (rapidly metabolizable) carbon and energy source first. This is usually achieved through... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The theoretically predicted maximum of the melting curve (the prerequisite for the liquid metallic hydrogen) was discovered by Shanti Deemyad and Isaac F. Silvera by using pulsed laser heating. Hydrogen-rich molecular silane () was claimed to be metallized and become superconducting by M.I. Eremets et al.. This claim i... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
When two or more sites in an asymmetrical molecule may be involved in an equilibrium reaction there are more than one possible equilibrium constants. For example, the molecule -DOPA has two non-equivalent hydroxyl groups which may be deprotonated. Denoting -DOPA as LH, the following diagram shows all the species that m... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Diphenylphosphoryl azide (DPPA) is an organic compound. It is widely used as a reagent in the synthesis of other organic compounds. | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Metabolic flexibility is the capacity to alter metabolism in response to exercise or available fuel (especially fats and carbohydrates). Metabolic inflexibility was first described as the ability to generate energy through either aerobic or anaerobic respiration or as the inability of muscle to increase glucose oxidati... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The first type of photocyte granule has been found to contain between two and twelve microtubules. In addition, the matrix of the type I granule lacks a uniform shape or structure with ferritin distributed throughout. | 1 | Biochemistry |
During physical exertion or moderate intensity exercise lactate released from working muscle and other tissue beds is the primary fuel source for the heart, exiting the muscles through monocarboxylate transport protein (MCT). This evidence is supported by an increased amount of MCT shuttle proteins in the heart and m... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Victor Snieckus (August 1, 1937 - December 18, 2020) was a synthetic organic chemist and professor emeritus at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. He was known for his influential research on directed ortho metalation. | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Coordination cages are used to study guest-guest and host–guest interactions and reactions.
In some instance, planar aromatic molecules stack inside of metalloprisms, as can be observed by UV-visible spectroscopy. Metal-metal interactions can also be observed. Mixed valence species have also been trapped inside of coo... | 6 | Supramolecular Chemistry |
MDS has been used to characterise interactions between biomolecules under native conditions, and has been demonstrated to detect specific interactions within complex mixtures. It has also been used in detecting and quantifying protein-ligand interactions and protein-lipid interactions. | 1 | Biochemistry |
The growing knowledge behind the mechanism of autocrine signaling in cancer progression has revealed new approaches for therapeutic treatment. For example, autocrine Wnt signaling could provide a novel target for therapeutic intervention by means of Wnt antagonists or other molecules that interfere with ligand-receptor... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The non-enzymatic glycosylation is also known as glycation or non-enzymatic glycation. It is a spontaneous reaction and a type of post-translational modification of proteins meaning it alters their structure and biological activity. It is the covalent attachment between the carbonil group of a reducing sugar (mainly gl... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Chlorprothixene's principal indications are the treatment of psychotic disorders (e.g. schizophrenia) and of acute mania occurring as part of bipolar disorders.
Other uses are pre- and postoperative states with anxiety and insomnia, severe nausea / emesis (in hospitalized patients), the amelioration of anxiety and agit... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
FASTpp measures the quantity of protein that resists digestion under various conditions. To this end, a thermostable protease is used, which cleaves specifically at exposed hydrophobic residues. The FASTpp assay combines the thermal unfolding, specificity of a thermostable protease for the unfolded fraction with the se... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Other flow-type batteries include the zinc–cerium battery, the zinc–bromine battery, and the hydrogen–bromine battery. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
In 1941, Kharash discovered that Grignard reagents add to cyclohexenone in presence of Cu(I) resulting in 1,4-addition instead of 1,2-addition. This work foreshadowed extensive studies on the conjugate additions to enones with organocuprates. Note that if a Grignard reagent (such as RMgBr) is used, the reaction with a... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Heat and light stabilizers are added to plastics because they ensure safe processing and protect products against aging and weathering. The trend is towards fluid systems, pellets, and increased use of masterbatches. There are monofunctional, bifunctional, and polyfunctional stabilizers. In economic terms the most impo... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The method is amenable to a range of different templates: PCR products, plasmids and mRNA. Additional components can be included during synthesis to adjust the environment for protein folding, disulfide bond formation, modification or protein activity. | 1 | Biochemistry |
A viral titer is the lowest concentration of a virus that still infects cells. To determine the titer, several dilutions are prepared, such as 10, 10, 10, ... 10.
The titer of a fat is the temperature, in degrees Celsius, at which it solidifies. The higher the titer, the harder the fat. This titer is used in determinin... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Wittig was born in Berlin, Germany and shortly after his birth moved with his family to Kassel, where his father was professor at the applied arts high school. He attended school in Kassel and started studying chemistry at the University of Tübingen 1916. He was drafted and became a lieutenant in the cavalry of Hesse-K... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
In 2019, Stephan and co-workers at the University of Toronto reported the first examples of di-vinyl-substituted diphosphenes via a ring opening/dimerization process from kinetically unstable 2H-phosphirenes. | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Gel electrophoresis is a technique which separates molecules by their size using an agarose or polyacrylamide gel. This technique is one of the principal tools of molecular biology. The basic principle is that DNA fragments can be separated by applying an electric current across the gel - because the DNA backbone conta... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur are covalently bonded to the organic compounds are converted to various sodium salts formed during the fusion. Typically proposed reactions are:
:Na + C + N → NaCN
:Na + C + N + S → NaSCN
:2Na + S → NaS
:Na + X → NaX
The fate of the hydrocarbon portion of the sample is disregarded.
Th... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Stereographic projection plots can be carried out by a computer using the explicit formulas given above. However, for graphing by hand these formulas are unwieldy. Instead, it is common to use graph paper designed specifically for the task. This special graph paper is called a stereonet or Wulff net, after the Russian ... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
The anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway is now well known and most of the enzymes are characterised. In the formation of blue pigments a few enzymes have particularly important roles, in particular flavonoid 35-hydroxylase (F35H) and dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR).
The flavonoid 35H-hydroxylase is responsible for the i... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The aerobic onia idation process is also know, as the ANAMMOX process, an abbreviation coined by joining the first syllables of each of these three words. This biological process is a redox comproportionation reaction, in which ammonia (the reducing agent giving electrons) and nitrite (the oxidizing agent accepting ele... | 1 | Biochemistry |
In the US, individual states are allowed to develop their own water quality standards based on EPA's recommendations under the Clean Water Act of 1977. Once water quality standards are approved, states are tasked with monitoring their surface waters to determine where impairments occur, and watershed plans called Tota... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Osteryoung was appointed to the faculty at Montana State University in 1967. She moved to Colorado State University a year later, where she worked in the Departments of Civil Engineering and Microbiology. In 1977, Osteryoung moved to the National Science Foundation, where she was the program director for chemical analy... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
The 16th century marked the beginning of scientific understanding of electricity and magnetism that culminated with the production of electric power and the industrial revolution in the late 19th century.
In the 1550s, English scientist William Gilbert spent 17 years experimenting with magnetism and, to a lesser extent... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
In polymer chemistry, a comonomer refers to a polymerizable precursor to a copolymer aside from the principal monomer. In some cases, only small amounts of a comonomer are employed, in other cases substantial amounts of comonomers are used. Furthermore, in some cases, the comonomers are statistically incorporated wit... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
War sand is sand contaminated by remains of projectiles used in war. This kind of sand has been found in Normandy, since the invasion of Normandy, among other places. In 1988, the sand on Omaha Beach was discovered to contain man-made metal and glass particles deriving from shrapnel; 4% of the sand in the sample was co... | 2 | Environmental Chemistry |
To perform SCODA concentration of DNA molecules, the sample must be embedded in the separation media (gel) in locations where the electrophoretic field is of optimal intensity. This initial translocation of the sample into the optimal concentration position is referred to as "injection". The optimal position is determi... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Chaotropic agents include:
* Urea 6–8 mol/L
* Guanidinium chloride 6 mol/L
* Lithium perchlorate 4.5 mol/L
* Sodium dodecyl sulfate | 1 | Biochemistry |
Estimation of V̇O max from a timed one-mile track walk in decimal minutes (, e.g.: 20:35 would be specified as 20.58), sex, age in years, body weight in pounds (, lbs), and 60-second heart rate in beats-per-minute (, bpm) at the end of the mile. The constant is 6.3150 for males, 0 for females. | 1 | Biochemistry |
Janot was a French Government Overseas Fellow in 1981 at Churchill College, University of Cambridge. He was also a visiting professor at Sapienza University of Rome. | 8 | Metallurgy |
In 1960, Haines married painter Adrienne Rappaport, who used the name Adrian Rappin professionally. They had one daughter, Avril Haines, an attorney who is serving as the current Director of National Intelligence in the Biden administration. Rappaport died in 1985 after developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Plasmalysis is a electrochemical process that requires a voltage source. On the one hand, it describes the plasma-chemical dissociation of organic and inorganic compounds (e.g. C-H and N-H compounds) in interaction with a thermal/non-thermal plasma between two electrodes. On the other hand, it describes the synthesis, ... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Two dimensional correlation analysis is a mathematical technique that is used to study changes in measured signals. As mostly spectroscopic signals are discussed, sometime also two dimensional correlation spectroscopy is used and refers to the same technique.
In 2D correlation analysis, a sample is subjected to an exte... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
One of the first in vitro tests for aspirin was through the Trinder reaction. Aqueous ferric chloride was added to a urine sample, and the formation of the iron complex turned the solution purple. This test was not specific to acetylsalicylic acid but would occur in the presence of any phenol or enol. The downfall of t... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Most protein separations are performed using a "discontinuous" (or DISC) buffer system that significantly enhances the sharpness of the bands within the gel. During electrophoresis in a discontinuous gel system, an ion gradient is formed in the early stage of electrophoresis that causes all of the proteins to focus int... | 1 | Biochemistry |
In the investigation of the infrared spectrum of the Galactic Center of the Milky Way, monoxide vibrations of iron carbonyls in interstellar dust clouds were detected. Iron carbonyl clusters were also observed in Jiange H5 chondrites identified by infrared spectroscopy. Four infrared stretching frequencies were found f... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Hormonal imprinting (HI) is a phenomenon which takes place at the first encounter between a hormone and its developing receptor in the critical periods of life (in unicellulars during the whole life) and determines the later signal transduction capacity of the cell. The most important period in mammals is the perinata... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The fluorescent species used in FCS is typically a biomolecule of interest that has been tagged with a fluorophore (using immunohistochemistry for instance), or is a naked fluorophore that is used to probe some environment of interest (e.g. the cytoskeleton of a cell). The following table gives diffusion coefficients o... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Reductive elimination can be induced by oxidizing the metal center to a higher oxidation state via light or an oxidant. | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Due to its unique stability, chemical properties, and outstanding tunability and reactivity, PPA has been employed in a variety of applications. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
This method is able to detect as low as 25 μg/ml and up to 2000 μg/ml of protein in a 65 ul sample, using standard protocol.
This method may be preferred for samples containing detergents or other reducing agents.
This method has a fast detection speed and low protein-to-protein variability in comparison to the BCA or... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Poolman pursued studies in Biochemistry and Microbiology at the University of Groningen, the Netherlands, and the University of Bern (Switzerland), obtaining a MSc degree in 1984. He gained his PhD in 1987 with a thesis on bioenergetics of streptococci, under the supervision of Wil Konings and Hans Veldkamp.
After a... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Using the KRAKEN autonomous qPCR device, Kraken Sense monitored airport wastewater for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, such as Omicron, and Monkeypox to act as an early warning system for infectious diseases entering the country. This program was funded in part by the National Research Council Canada Industrial Re... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
While Be(II) is one of the more common oxidation states, there is also further research on a Be(I) and Be(0) complex. Low-valent main group compounds have recently become desirable synthetic targets due to their interesting reactivity comparable to transition metal complexes. In one work, stabilized cyclic (alkyl)(amin... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
The term blue carbon was coined in 2009. At the time, the term was coined to highlight that coastal vegetated ecosystems have a disproportionately large contribution to global carbon sequestration. Others use the term to describe the carbon captured by the entire ocean, not just the coastal ecosystems. The role of blue... | 9 | Geochemistry |
As shown in Scheme 1, the ring synthesis of ring C began with a Diels-Alder reaction between diene 1.3 and dienophile 1.1 in the presence of phenylboronic acid (1.2), which, after addition of 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, gave five-membered lactone 1.8 in 62% yield. Boron served as a molecular tether and aligned bot... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
"Radon therapy" is an intentional exposure to radon via inhalation or ingestion. Nevertheless, epidemiological evidence shows a clear link between breathing high concentrations of radon and incidence of lung cancer. | 2 | Environmental Chemistry |
Chitosan is a linear polysaccharide containing linked chitin-derived residues and is widely studied as a biomaterial due to its high compatibility with numerous proteins in the body. Chitosan is cationic and thus electrostatically reacts with numerous proteoglycans, anionic GAGs, and other molecules possessing a negati... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Three extreme possibilities have been proposed for the mechanism of NPP-catalyzed phosphoryl transfer. They are distinguished by the sequence in which bonds to phosphorus are made and broken. Though this phenomenon is subtle, it is important for understanding the physiological roles of AP superfamily enzymes, and also ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) is an analytical chemistry technique that combines the physical separation capabilities of liquid chromatography (or HPLC) with the mass analysis capabilities of mass spectrometry (MS). Coupled chromatography – MS systems are popular in chemical analysis because the indiv... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
For an endothermic reaction, heat is absorbed, making the net enthalpy change positive. Thus, according to the definition of the slope:
When the reaction is endothermic, (and the gas constant ), so
Thus, for an endothermic reaction, the Van 't Hoff plot should always have a negative slope. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
δ-Carotene (delta-carotene) or ε,ψ-carotene is a form of carotene with an ε-ring at one end, and the other uncyclized, labelled ψ (psi). It is an intermediate synthesis product in some photosynthetic plants between lycopene and α-carotene (β,ε-carotene) or ε-carotene (ε,ε-carotene). δ-Carotene is fat soluble. Delta-car... | 1 | Biochemistry |
A sperm donor will usually be required to enter into a contract with a sperm bank to supply their semen, typically for a period of six to twenty-four months depending on the number of pregnancies which the sperm bank intends to produce from the donor. If a sperm bank has access to world markets e.g. by direct sales, or... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Spinodal decomposition can be modeled using a generalized diffusion equation:
for the chemical potential and the mobility. As pointed out by Cahn, this equation can be considered as a phenomenological definition of the mobility M, which must by definition be positive.
It consists of the ratio of the flux to the local... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The presence of waters near the freezing point alters the balance of the relative effects of contrasts in salinity and temperature on sea water density. This is described in the equation,
where is the thermal expansion coefficient and is the haline contraction coefficient. In particular, the ratio is crucial. Using ... | 9 | Geochemistry |
Vesicular monoamine transporter 1 (VMAT1) also known as chromaffin granule amine transporter (CGAT) or solute carrier family 18 member 1 (SLC18A1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC18A1 gene. VMAT1 is an integral membrane protein, which is embedded in synaptic vesicles and serves to transfer monoamines, ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The relationship between telomeres and longevity and changing the length of telomeres is one of the new fields of research on increasing human lifespan and even human immortality. Telomeres are sequences at the ends of chromosomes that shorten with each cell division and determine the lifespan of cells. The telomere wa... | 1 | Biochemistry |
(+)-Discodermolide has also been found to be neuroprotective in recent Alzheimer research. The microtubule-stabilizing feature of (+)-discodermolide was used to restore neuron functions that have been disrupted by the amyloid induced sequestration. Tau protein is known to stabilize the microtubule network in healthy ne... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
A variety of non-biological methods can remove nitrate. These include methods that can destroy nitrogen compounds, such as chemical and electrochemical methods, and those that selectively transfer nitrate to a concentrated waste stream, such as ion exchange or reverse osmosis. Chemical removal of nitrate can occur thro... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Rutledge has held college lectureships at Magdalen College, Oxford, from 2000 to 2001 and Somerville College, Oxford, from 2001 to 2002. In 2003, he moved to become a lecturer at the Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology at University College Dublin. In 2006, he relocated to the University of Sydney and was an asso... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
If the specific rotation, of a pure chiral compound is known, it is possible to use the observed specific rotation, to determine the enantiomeric excess (ee), or "optical purity", of a sample of the compound, by using the formula:
For example, if a sample of bromobutane measured under standard conditions has an obser... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
Enterococcus faecalis is an opportunistic, Gram-positive bacteria that forms biofilm in glass. This process is also known as forming a biofilm in vitro. The presence of (Esp), a certain cell surface protein, aids the formation of a biofilm by Enterococcus faecalis. | 1 | Biochemistry |
Chemokine receptors are G protein-coupled receptors containing 7 transmembrane domains that are found on the surface of leukocytes. Approximately 19 different chemokine receptors have been characterized to date, which are divided into four families depending on the type of chemokine they bind; CXCR that bind CXC chemok... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The Society’s alignment groups represent the wide range of interests of the electrochemical and solid state science and technology community. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
It is the recombinant form of factor VIII, a blood-clotting protein that is administered to patients with the bleeding disorder hemophilia, who are unable to produce factor VIII in quantities sufficient to support normal blood coagulation. Before the development of recombinant factor VIII, the protein was obtained by p... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Specific techniques must be chosen for the isolation of DNA from some samples. Typical samples with complicated DNA isolation are:
* archaeological samples containing partially degraded DNA, see ancient DNA
* samples containing inhibitors of subsequent analysis procedures, most notably inhibitors of PCR, such as humic ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Surface freezing is the appearance of long-range crystalline order in a near-surface layer of a liquid. The surface freezing effect is opposite to a far more common surface melting, or premelting. Surface Freezing was experimentally discovered in melts of alkanes and related chain molecules in the early 1990s independe... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
In order to qualify for SQT assessment chemistry, toxicity, and in situ measurements must be collected synoptically using standardized methods of sediment quality. A control sample is necessary to evaluate impact of contaminated sites. An appropriate reference is a whole sediment sample (particles and associated pore w... | 2 | Environmental Chemistry |
An example of a simple, well-studied sulfinic acid is phenylsulfinic acid. A commercially important sulfinic acid is thiourea dioxide, which is prepared by the oxidation of thiourea with hydrogen peroxide.
:(NH)CS + 2HO → (NH)(NH)CSOH + 2HO
Another commercially important sulfinic acid is hydroxymethyl sulfinic acid, wh... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Nod factors (nodulation factors or NF), are signaling molecules produced by soil bacteria known as rhizobia in response to flavonoid exudation from plants under nitrogen limited conditions. Nod factors initiate the establishment of a symbiotic relationship between legumes and rhizobia by inducing nodulation. Nod factor... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Roasting is a process of heating a sulfide ore to a high temperature in the presence of air. It is a step in the processing of certain ores. More specifically, roasting is often a metallurgical process involving gas–solid reactions at elevated temperatures with the goal of purifying the metal component(s). Often befo... | 8 | Metallurgy |
While most heme proteins are attached to the prosthetic group through iron ion ligation and tertiary interactions, the heme group of cytochrome c makes thioether bonds with two cysteine side chains of the protein. One of the main properties of heme c, which allows cytochrome c to have variety of functions, is its abili... | 1 | Biochemistry |
A solution of 13.0 g (0.1 mol) of 1-octanol in 25 mL of dichloromethane was added dropwise to a solution of 16.1 g (0.1 mol) of diethylaminosulfur trifluoride in 60 mL of dichloromethane cooled to –70° to –65°. The reaction mixture was warmed to 25°, 50 mL of water was added, and the lower organic layer was separated a... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
1-(4-Chlorophenyl)silatrane is a GABA receptor antagonist and it destroys nervous functions in the central nervous system of vertebrates, primarily in the brain and possibly in the brain stem. It's a rapid acting convulsant, causing convulsions within 1 minute in mice and rats. Death occurred within 5 minutes. It is th... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Graphene membranes are meant to take advantage of their thinness to increase efficiency. Graphene is a singular layer of carbon atoms, so it is about 1000 times thinner than existing membranes. Graphene membranes are around 100 nm thick while current membranes are about 100 µm. Many researchers were concerned with the ... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
In chemistry, a carbazide is a functional group with the general formula RNH-NH(C=O)NH-NHR. They can be derived from the condensation of carbonic acid with a hydrazine. Carbohydrazide is the simplest carbazide, with another common carbazide being diphenylcarbazide, which is used as an analytical reagent.
Diphenylcarbaz... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Most class III adenylyl cyclases are transmembrane proteins with 12 transmembrane segments. The protein is organized with 6 transmembrane segments, then the C1 cytoplasmic domain, then another 6 membrane segments, and then a second cytoplasmic domain called C2. The important parts for function are the N-terminus and th... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Several methods of RNA splicing occur in nature; the type of splicing depends on the structure of the spliced intron and the catalysts required for splicing to occur. | 1 | Biochemistry |
The structure has full tetrahedral symmetry and is composed of one heteroatom surrounded by four oxygen atoms to form a tetrahedron. The heteroatom is located centrally and caged by 12 octahedral units linked to one another by the neighboring oxygen atoms. There are a total of 24 bridging oxygen atoms that link the 12... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
This element describes the impedance of a finite-length diffusion with reflective boundary. It is described by the following equation: | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Dexmethylphenidate has a 4–6 hour duration of effect. A long-acting formulation, Focalin XR, which spans 12 hours is also available and has been shown to be as effective as -TMP (threo-methylphenidate) XR (extended release) (Concerta, Ritalin LA), with flexible dosing and good tolerability. It has also been demonstrate... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
For a chemical reaction , the rate equation or rate law is a mathematical expression used in chemical kinetics to link the rate of a reaction to the concentration of each reactant. For a closed system at constant volume, this is often of the form
For reactions that go to completion (which implies very small ), or if o... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
SAMP can be prepared in six steps from (S)-proline, and RAMP can be prepared in six steps from (R)-glutamic acid.
<br /> | 4 | Stereochemistry |
Histone Acetyltransferases, also known as HATs, are a family of enzymes that acetylate the histone tails of the nucleosome. This, and other modifications, are expressed based on the varying states of the cellular environment. Many proteins with acetylating abilities have been documented and, after a time, were categori... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
In physics, colloids are an interesting model system for atoms. Micrometre-scale colloidal particles are large enough to be observed by optical techniques such as confocal microscopy. Many of the forces that govern the structure and behavior of matter, such as excluded volume interactions or electrostatic forces, gover... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The redox (reduction–oxidation) cell is a reversible cell in which redox-active species are in fluid (liquid or gas) media. Redox flow batteries are rechargeable (secondary) cells. Because they employ heterogeneous electron transfer rather than solid-state diffusion or intercalation they are more similar to fuel cells ... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Carbon steels exposed to hydrogen at high temperatures experience high temperature hydrogen attack which leads to internal decarburization and weakening. | 8 | Metallurgy |
A case study by Beale et al. involved preparation of iron phosphates and bismuth molybdate catalysts from an amorphous precursor gel. The study found that there were no intermediate phases in the reaction, and helped to determine kinetic and structural information. The article uses the dated term in-situ, but the exper... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Specific weight is often used as a property of soil to solve earthwork problems.
In soil mechanics, specific weight may refer to: | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
As PECT materials exhibit a change in voltage upon application of strain, it is possible to calibrate this change in voltage to the level of strain in a material. This has been proposed for applications in battery health monitoring, as well as structural health monitoring. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Silicon carbide is used in carborundum printmaking – a collagraph printmaking technique. Carborundum grit is applied in a paste to the surface of an aluminium plate. When the paste is dry, ink is applied and trapped in its granular surface, then wiped from the bare areas of the plate. The ink plate is then printed onto... | 8 | Metallurgy |
Once a substitution is made on a parent molecule, its structural symmetry is usually reduced, meaning that atoms that were formerly equivalent may no longer be so. Thus substitution of two or more equivalent atoms by the same element may generate more than one positional isomer.
The classical example is the derivative... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
NMOR is generally not used intentionally, but is instead created by the nitrosation of morpholine or morpholine derivatives which are used for several industrial purposes. | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
UV curing is used for converting or curing inks, adhesives, and coatings. UV-cured adhesive has become a high speed replacement for two-part adhesives, eliminating the need for solvent removal, ratio mixing, and potential life concern. It is used in flexographic, offset, pad, and screen printing processes; where UV cur... | 5 | Photochemistry |
László Tisza (July 7, 1907 – April 15, 2009) was a Hungarian-born American physicist who was Professor of Physics Emeritus at MIT. He was a colleague of famed physicists Edward Teller, Lev Landau and Fritz London, and initiated the two-fluid theory of liquid helium. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
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