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TLC plates are usually commercially available, with standard particle size ranges to improve reproducibility. They are prepared by mixing the adsorbent, such as silica gel, with a small amount of inert binder like calcium sulfate (gypsum) and water. This mixture is spread as a thick slurry on an unreactive carrier shee... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
This method cannot be applied if Mantoux test (tuberculin skin test) has been done within the last 40 days, because it can hamper the results of the ALS test. This test is used as a complementary test to other tests, e.g. chest X-ray, ESR, CRP, history of contact with active TB case, failure with conventional antibioti... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The LPB process includes a unique and patented way of analyzing, designing, and testing metallic components in order to develop the unique metal treatment necessary to improve performance and reduce metal fatigue, SCC, and corrosion fatigue failures. Lambda modifies the process and tooling for each component to provid... | 8 | Metallurgy |
Between 3 and 10% of children taking amoxicillin (or ampicillin) show a late-developing (>72 hours after beginning medication and having never taken penicillin-like medication previously) rash, which is sometimes referred to as the "amoxicillin rash". The rash can also occur in adults and may rarely be a component of t... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
The diboron compound bis(pinacolato)diboron reacts with aromatic heterocycles or simple arenes to an arylboronate ester with iridium catalyst [IrCl(COD)] (a modification of Crabtree's catalyst) and base 4,4′-di-tert-butyl-2,2′-bipyridine in a C-H coupling reaction for example with benzene:
In one modification the arene... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Short-wave UV light is harmful to humans. In addition to causing sunburn and (over time) skin cancer, this light can produce extremely painful inflammation of the cornea of the eye, which may lead to temporary or permanent vision impairment. For this reason, the light produced by a germicidal lamp must be carefully shi... | 5 | Photochemistry |
Full article: Solubility pump
The oceans store the largest pool of reactive carbon on the planet as DIC, which is introduced as a result of the dissolution of atmospheric carbon dioxide into seawater – the solubility pump. Aqueous CO, carbonic acid, bicarbonate ion, and carbonate ion concentrations comprise dissolved i... | 9 | Geochemistry |
More than 100 ECS student chapters are located in major universities in all of these regions as well as Asia, Europe, Latin America, the Middle East, North America, South Africa, and Southern Asia. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
One theme of research in evolutionary developmental biology ("evo-devo") is investigating the role of enhancers and other cis-regulatory elements in producing morphological changes via developmental differences between species. | 1 | Biochemistry |
In materials science, grain growth is the increase in size of grains (crystallites) in a material at high temperature. This occurs when recovery and recrystallisation are complete and further reduction in the internal energy can only be achieved by reducing the total area of grain boundary. The term is commonly used in... | 8 | Metallurgy |
The isopoly-molybdenum blues have been known for many years. They are the cause of the "blue waters" found near Idaho Springs, known to Native Americans. They were first documented by Scheele and Berzelius. The compounds responsible for the blue colour were not known until 1995. Before then it was well known that there... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Learning and memory have levels of permanence, differing from other mental processes such as thought, language, and consciousness, which are temporary in nature. Learning and memory can be either accumulated slowly (multiplication tables) or rapidly (touching a hot stove), but once attained, can be recalled into consci... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The binding constant, or affinity constant/association constant, is a special case of the equilibrium constant K, and is the inverse of the dissociation constant. It is associated with the binding and unbinding reaction of receptor (R) and ligand (L) molecules, which is formalized as:
:R + L RL
The reaction is charact... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
As noted above, J.R. Partington points out that a state of thermodynamic equilibrium is stable against small transient perturbations. Without this condition, in general, experiments intended to study systems in thermodynamic equilibrium are in severe difficulties. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Measurements of primary productivity in the ocean can be made using this ratio. The concentration of oxygen dissolved in seawater varies according to biological processes (photosynthesis and respiration) as well as physical processes (air-sea gas exchange, temperature and pressure changes, lateral mixing and vertical d... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Anthocyanins may have a protective role in plants against extreme temperatures. Tomato plants protect against cold stress with anthocyanins countering reactive oxygen species, leading to a lower rate of cell death in leaves. | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
In biocatalysis, many reactions are sought that are absent in nature. To do this, enzymes with a small promiscuous activity towards the required reaction are identified and evolved via directed evolution or rational design.
An example of a commonly evolved enzyme is ω-transaminase which can replace a ketone with a chir... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Prodynorphin, also known as proenkephalin B, is an opioid polypeptide hormone involved with chemical signal transduction and cell communication. The gene for prodynorphin is expressed in the endometrium and the striatum, and its gene map locus is 20pter-p12. Prodynorphin is a basic building-block of endorphins, the che... | 1 | Biochemistry |
FMRFamide patterning over the course of embryonic life has been recorded through immunofluorescence. Embryos at 0 to 144 hours (6 days) post cleavage were extracted from the egg mass and fixed in 4% PFA for 2 hrs at room temperature. Embryos older than 4 days were pre-treated with 0.5% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Two different variations of electron transport are used during photosynthesis:
*Noncyclic electron transport or non-cyclic photophosphorylation produces NADPH + H and ATP.
*Cyclic electron transport or cyclic photophosphorylation produces only ATP.
The noncyclic variety involves the participation of both photosystems, ... | 5 | Photochemistry |
Post-transcriptional regulation is the control of gene expression at the RNA level. It occurs once the RNA polymerase has been attached to the gene's promoter and is synthesizing the nucleotide sequence. Therefore, as the name indicates, it occurs between the transcription phase and the translation phase of gene expres... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The process of depolarization is entirely dependent upon the intrinsic electrical nature of most cells. When a cell is at rest, the cell maintains what is known as a resting potential. The resting potential generated by nearly all cells results in the interior of the cell having a negative charge compared to the exteri... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
For a Bragg peak , the observed integrated intensity, , as determined from numerical integration is
where is the total number of data points in the range of the Bragg peak. The integrated intensity depends on multiple factors, and can be expressed as the following product:
where:
* : scale factor
* : multiplicity fact... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
There are various important electrochemical processes in both nature and industry, like the coating of objects with metals or metal oxides through electrodeposition, the addition (electroplating) or removal (electropolishing) of thin layers of metal from an object's surface, and the detection of alcohol in drunk driver... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Rgg-like transcriptional regulators can be found in a variety of gram-positive bacteria Where ropB regulates speB protease production in S. pyogenes, a roughly equivalent secretory control mechanism can be seen in Rggs regulation of gtfG glucosyltransferase production in S. gordonii, in the manner in which gadR regulat... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Liquefaction of gases is physical conversion of a gas into a liquid state (condensation). The liquefaction of gases is a complicated process that uses various compressions and expansions to achieve high pressures and very low temperatures, using, for example, turboexpanders. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Glow discharges can be used to analyze the elemental, and sometimes molecular, composition of solids, liquids, and gases, but elemental analysis of solids is the most common. In this arrangement, the sample is used as the cathode. As mentioned earlier, gas ions and atoms striking the sample surface knock atoms off of i... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Vacuum arc remelting (VAR) is a secondary melting process for production of metal ingots with elevated chemical and mechanical homogeneity for highly demanding applications. The VAR process has revolutionized the specialty traditional metallurgical techniques industry, and has made possible tightly-controlled material... | 8 | Metallurgy |
Cerium-doped lutetium aluminum perovskite (LuAP:Ce) single crystals were reported. The main property of those crystals is a large mass density of 8.4 g/cm, which gives short X- and gamma-ray absorption length. The scintillation light yield and the decay time with Cs radiation source are 11,400 photons/MeV and 17 ns, re... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
One of the largest deliberate PCB spills in American history occurred in the summer of 1978 when 31,000 gallons (117 m^3) of PCB-contaminated oil were illegally sprayed by the Ward PCB Transformer Company in swaths along the roadsides of some of North Carolina highway shoulders in 14 counties and at the Fort Liberty ... | 2 | Environmental Chemistry |
Neuropeptides are synthesized from inactive precursor proteins called prepropeptides. Prepropeptides contain sequences for a family of distinct peptides and often contain duplicated copies of the same peptides, depending on the organism. In addition to the precursor peptide sequences, prepropeptides also contain a sign... | 1 | Biochemistry |
# Cells must identify and be near each other.
# Hemifusion occurs.
# Fusion pore in hemifusion structure opens, thus allowing for cell contents to merge.
# Cells completely join from pore expansion. | 1 | Biochemistry |
Julian Simon was a senior fellow at the Cato Institute and a professor of business and economics. In his book The Ultimate Resource 2 (first printed in 1981 and reprinted in 1998), he extensively criticizes the notion of "peak resources", and uses copper as one example. He argues that, even though "peak copper" has bee... | 8 | Metallurgy |
Bilirubin di-glucuronide is a conjugated form of bilirubin formed in bilirubin metabolism. The hydrophilic character of bilirubin diglucuronide enables it to be water-soluble. It is pumped across the hepatic canalicular membrane into the bile by the transporter MRP2. | 1 | Biochemistry |
The encapsulins are a family of bacterial proteins that serve as the main structural components of encapsulin nanocompartments. There are several different encapsulin proteins, including EncA, which forms the shell, and EncB, EncC, and EncD, which form the core.
Encapsulins are also used in synthetic biology. They are ... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Agarose gel electrophoresis is most commonly done horizontally in a subaquaeous mode whereby the slab gel is completely submerged in buffer during electrophoresis. It is also possible, but less common, to perform the electrophoresis vertically, as well as horizontally with the gel raised on agarose legs using an approp... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Gene expression in mammals is regulated by many cis-regulatory elements, including core promoters and promoter-proximal elements that are located near the transcription start sites of genes. Core promoters are sufficient to direct transcription
initiation, but generally have low basal activity. Other important cis-reg... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Malic acid is an organic compound with the molecular formula . It is a dicarboxylic acid that is made by all living organisms, contributes to the sour taste of fruits, and is used as a food additive. Malic acid has two stereoisomeric forms (- and -enantiomers), though only the -isomer exists naturally. The salts and es... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Silicon can form sigma bonds to other silicon atoms (and disilane is the parent of this class of compounds). However, it is difficult to prepare and isolate SiH (analogous to the saturated alkane hydrocarbons) with n greater than about 8, as their thermal stability decreases with increases in the number of silicon atom... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Conditionally essential nutrients are certain organic molecules that can normally be synthesized by an organism, but under certain conditions in insufficient quantities. In humans, such conditions include premature birth, limited nutrient intake, rapid growth, and certain disease states. Inositol, taurine, arginine, gl... | 9 | Geochemistry |
A major focus in the field of protein engineering is on creating DNA libraries that sample regions of sequence space, often with the goal of finding mutants of proteins with enhanced functions compared to the wild type. These libraries are created either by using a wild type sequence as a template and applying one or m... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Copper serves catalytic and structural roles in many essential enzymes in biology. In the context of catalytic activity, copper proteins function as electron or oxygen carriers, oxidases, mono- and dioxygenases and nitrite reductases. In particular, copper-containing enzymes include hemocyanins, one flavor of superoxid... | 9 | Geochemistry |
Azobilirubin is a coloured compound formed by the condensation of diazotized sulfanilic acid with bilirubin in the van den Bergh reaction. The quantity of bilirubin in patients with jaundice can be determined by the formation of azobilirubin in the presence of methanol.
The Van den Bergh chemical reaction which is use... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The phase diagram shows the importance of the electrode gap distance to the performance of electrochemical reactions. For traditional macrosystems, where the electrode gap distance is much larger than the Debye-length, two half-reactions are decoupled and cannot influence each other. Normally the electrochemical curren... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Historic instruments are the first backscattering spectrometer that was a temporary setup at FRM I
and the backscattering spectrometer BSS (also called PI) at the DIDO reactor of the Forschungszentrum Jülich (decommissioned). | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Eukaryotes belonging to some divergent lineages have very special organizations of the ATP synthase. A euglenozoa ATP synthase forms a dimer with a boomerang-shaped F head like other mitochondrial ATP synthases, but the F subcomplex has many unique subunits. It uses cardiolipin. The inhibitory IF also binds differently... | 5 | Photochemistry |
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 4.290. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The important sulfur cycle is a biogeochemical cycle in which the sulfur moves between rocks, waterways and living systems. It is important in geology as it affects many minerals and in life because sulfur is an essential element (CHNOPS), being a constituent of many proteins and cofactors, and sulfur compounds can be ... | 9 | Geochemistry |
Oxygen saturation (symbol S) is a relative measure of the concentration of oxygen that is dissolved or carried in a given medium as a proportion of the maximal concentration that can be dissolved in that medium at the given temperature. It can be measured with a dissolved oxygen probe such as an oxygen sensor or an op... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
In electrochemistry, a thermogalvanic cell is a kind of galvanic cell in which heat is employed to provide electrical power directly. These cells are electrochemical cells in which the two electrodes are deliberately maintained at different temperatures. This temperature difference generates a potential difference betw... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
In 1941, the year in which they graduated from the University of Oxford, Cornforth married Rita Harriet Harradence (b. 1915), with whom he had one son, John, and two daughters, Brenda and Philippa. Cornforth had met Harradence after she had broken a Claisen flask in their second year at the University of Sydney; Cornfo... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
The most important aspect of disulfide bonds is their scission, as the bond is usually the weakest bond in a molecule. Many specialized organic reactions have been developed to cleave the bond.
A variety of reductants reduce disulfides to thiols. Hydride agents are typical reagents, and a common laboratory demonst... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Pathological changes associated with CYN poisoning were reported to be in four distinct stages: inhibition of protein synthesis, proliferation of membranes, lipid accumulation within cells, and finally cell death. Examination of mice livers removed at autopsy showed that on intraperitoneal injection of CYN, after 16 ho... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Simultaneously theoretical and computational approaches provided data necessary for identification of new spectra and interpretation of observed line intensities. New laboratory and theoretical data become very useful for spectral observation in space. It was a real upheaval of works on MIA in USA, England, France, Ita... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
In organic chemistry, the Cornforth rearrangement is a rearrangement reaction of a 4-acyloxazole in which the group attached to an acyl on position 4 and the substituent on position 5 of an oxazole ring exchange places. It was first reported in 1949, and is named for John Cornforth. The reaction is used in the synthesi... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
In materials science, work hardening, also known as strain hardening, is the strengthening of a metal or polymer by plastic deformation. Work hardening may be desirable, undesirable, or inconsequential, depending on the context.
This strengthening occurs because of dislocation movements and dislocation generation withi... | 8 | Metallurgy |
*1983, 1984 NASA Lewis Research Center Summer Faculty Fellow
*1985, 1986, 1987: Senior Visiting Scientist, Burroughs Wellcome Co.
*1987: East Carolina University Sigma XI Helms Award for outstanding Research
*1999: East Carolina University 5-Year Achievement Research/Creative Activity Award
*2001: East Carolina Univers... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
This puzzle was mentioned by W. W. Rouse Ball in the third, 1896, edition of his book Mathematical Recreations And Problems Of Past And Present Times, and is said to have been a favorite problem of Lewis Carroll. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The effects of electrostatic and steric interactions of the substituents as well as orbital interactions such as hyperconjugation are responsible for the relative stability of conformers and their transition states. The contributions of these factors vary depending on the nature of the substituents and may either contr... | 4 | Stereochemistry |
Faster GC methods have shorter times but Kovats indexes of the compounds may be conserved if proper method translation is applied.
Temperatures of the temperature program stay the same, but ramps and times change when using a smaller column or faster carrier gas.
If column dimensions Length×diameter×film are divided ... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Soil that is well aggregated has a range of pore sizes. Each pore size plays a role in soil's physical functioning. Large pores drain rapidly and are needed for good air exchange during wet periods, preventing oxygen deficiency that can drown plants and increase pest problems. Oxygen-deficient wet soils increase denitr... | 9 | Geochemistry |
2-(Morpholinothio)benzothiazole is used as an accelerator/stabilizer for vulcanization, or the manufacture of rubber products. It is the precursor to NMOR in the vulcanization process, as it is nitrosated by ambient sources of the nitro group present in the manufacturing process. As such, workers and others exposed to ... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
β-carotene can be extracted from fungus Blakeslea trispora, marine algae Dunaliella salina or genetically modified yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, starting with xylose as a substrate. Chemical synthesis uses either a method developed by BASF or a Grignard reaction utilized by Hoffman-La Roche.
The world market for synt... | 1 | Biochemistry |
When p75NTR initiates apoptosis, NGF binding to Tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) can negate p75NTR apoptotic effects. p75NTR c-Jun kinase pathway activation (which causes apoptosis) is suppressed when NGF binds to TrkA. p75NTR activation of NF-kB, which promotes survival, is unaffected by NGF binding to TrkA. | 1 | Biochemistry |
Flammable substances include, but are not limited to:
* Gasoline - Petrol / a complicated mixture of hydrocarbons that includes isomers of octane, CH
* Ethanol / CHCHOH
* Rubber
* Isopropyl alcohol / CHCH(OH)CH
* Methanol / CHOH
* Wood
* Acetone / CHCOCH
* Paper
* Nitromethane / CHNO | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
*[http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/AMS/amcsd.php American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database (AMCSD)] (contents: crystal structures of minerals, access: free, size: large)
*[http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/products/csd/ Cambridge Structural Database (CSD)] (contents: crystal structures of organics and metal-organics, access... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Metabolic flux analysis (MFA) using stable isotope labeling is an important tool for explaining the flux of certain elements through the metabolic pathways and reactions within a cell. An isotopic label is fed to the cell, then the cell is allowed to grow utilizing the labeled feed. For stationary metabolic flux analys... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The Semipalatinsk Test Site, also known as "The Polygon", was the primary testing venue for the Soviet Union's nuclear weapons. It is located on the steppe in northeast Kazakhstan (then the Kazakh SSR), south of the valley of the Irtysh River. The scientific buildings for the test site were located around 150 km west o... | 2 | Environmental Chemistry |
The story of ledeburite begins in the late 19th century when Adolf Ledebur, a pioneering German metallurgist, embarked on a journey to unravel the complexities of steel microstructures. In 1882, Ledebur identified a distinct microconstituent in high-carbon steels, characterized by its unique lamellar structure. This di... | 8 | Metallurgy |
While the colloidal gold assay is the most sensitive in-solution colorimetric protein assay, it may be equally sensitive or surpassed in sensitivity by fluorescent protein assays such as the CBQCA, FQ, NanoOrange, Quant-iT, and EZQ assays. | 1 | Biochemistry |
CPC offers direct scale-up from analytical apparatuses (few milliliters) to industrial apparatuses (several liters) for fast batch-production. CPC seems particularly suited to accommodate aqueous two-phase solvent systems. Generally, CPC instruments can retain solvent systems that are not well-retained in a hydrodynami... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
The first experimental account and analysis of gene expression noise in prokaryotes is from Becskei & Serrano and from Alexander van Oudenaardens lab. The first experimental account and analysis of gene expression noise in eukaryotes is from James J. Collinss lab. | 1 | Biochemistry |
The chemical character of azo violet may be attributed to its azo group (-N=N-), six-membered rings, and hydroxyl side groups. Due to steric repulsions, azo violet is most stable in the trans-configuration, but isomerization of azo dyes by irradiation is not uncommon. The para-position tautomerization of azo violet pro... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Aluminothermy started from the experiments of Russian scientist Nikolay Beketov at the University of Kharkiv in Ukraine, who proved that aluminium restored metals from their oxides under high temperatures. The reaction was first used for the carbon-free reduction of metal oxides. The reaction is highly exothermic, but ... | 8 | Metallurgy |
While LCP was the first and sole method used to produce poly(phthalaldehyde), its usage nowadays has dramatically decreased in favor of other polymerization techniques which allow a better control over the polymer properties including molar mass and thermal stability. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
In atmospheric chemistry, mixing ratio usually refers to the mole ratio r, which is defined as the amount of a constituent n divided by the total amount of all other constituents in a mixture:
The mole ratio is also called amount ratio.
If n is much smaller than n (which is the case for atmospheric trace constituents),... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
It is important to be able to predict the onset of gelation, since it is an irreversible process that dramatically changes the properties of the system. | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), like Sph, is composed of a single hydrophobic chain and has sufficient solubility to move between membranes. S1P is formed by phosphorylation of sphingosine by sphingosine kinase (SK). The phosphate group of the product can be detached (dephosphorylated) to regenerate sphingosine via S1P... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Dithionite is used in conjunction with complexing agents (for example, citric acid) to reduce iron(III) oxy-hydroxide into soluble iron(II) compounds and to remove amorphous iron(III)-bearing mineral phases in soil analyses (selective extraction).
The decomposition of dithionite produces reduced species of sulfur that ... | 8 | Metallurgy |
*Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship, 1971–1973
*Alexander von Humboldt Senior Scientist Award, 1984
*Member of the Latvian Academy of Sciences, 1992
*Paul Walden Medal, 1997
*Herbert C. Brown Award for Creative Research in Synthetic Methods, 2004
*Grand Medal of the Latvian Academy of Sciences, 2005
*Order of the Thre... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
It is difficult to do meaningful validation of an individual, purely computational, macromolecular model in the absence of experimental data for that molecule, because the model with the best geometry and conformational score may not be the one closest to the right answer. Therefore, much of the emphasis in validation... | 1 | Biochemistry |
The last stage of transcription is termination, which leads to the dissociation of the complete transcript and the release of RNA polymerase from the template DNA.The process differs for each of the three RNA polymerases.
The mechanism of termination is the least understood of the three transcription stages. | 1 | Biochemistry |
Real crystals feature defects or irregularities in the ideal arrangements described above and it is these defects that critically determine many of the electrical and mechanical properties of real materials. | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
One group proposed to use the material to create digital circuits made of quantum dots by removing hydrogen atoms from the silicon surface. | 6 | Supramolecular Chemistry |
The onset of acidosis during periods of intense exercise is commonly attributed to accumulation of hydrogens that are dissociated from lactate. Previously, lactic acid was thought to cause fatigue. From this reasoning, the idea of lactate production being a primary cause of muscle fatigue during exercise was widely ad... | 1 | Biochemistry |
Downs' process is an electrochemical method for the commercial preparation of metallic sodium, in which molten NaCl is electrolyzed in a special apparatus called the Downs cell. The Downs cell was invented in 1923 (patented: 1924) by the American chemist James Cloyd Downs (1885–1957). | 8 | Metallurgy |
Thermal mass is ideally placed within a building where it is shielded from direct solar gain but exposed to the building occupants. It is therefore most commonly associated with solid concrete floor slabs in naturally ventilated or low-energy mechanically ventilated buildings where the concrete soffit is left exposed t... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Dische's diphenylamine reagent consists of diphenylamine, glacial acetic acid, sulfuric acid, and ethanol.
When heated with DNA, it turns blue in the presence of DNA. A more intense blue color indicates a greater concentration of DNA. | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
The Stern–Volmer relationship, named after Otto Stern and Max Volmer, allows the kinetics of a photophysical intermolecular deactivation process to be explored.
Processes such as fluorescence and phosphorescence are examples of intramolecular deactivation processes. An intermolecular deactivation is where the presence ... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
SOCl is highly reactive and can violently release hydrochloric acid upon contact with water and alcohols. It is also a controlled substance under the Chemical Weapons Convention, where it is listed as a Schedule 3 substance, since it is used in the manufacture of G-series nerve agents and the Meyer and Meyer–Clar... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
Research International produces and sells the TacBio particle detection system. The system samples the air continuously and monitors for aerosol particle or bio-particle levels
It does not identify the type of bio-particle detected but will notify the mailroom attendant if either excess particles or bio-particles are ... | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
The name lactone derives from the ring compound called lactide, which is formed from the dehydration of 2-hydroxypropanoic acid (lactic acid) CH-CH(OH)-COOH. Lactic acid, in turn, derives its name from its original isolation from soured milk (Latin: lac, lactis). The name was coined in 1844 by the French chemist Théoph... | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
A comparison between a pulsed and non-pulsed dc current electrolysers was explored in 1993 by Shaaban, that demonstrated a non-pulsed current used the least electrical power. This opposes the previous and future works conducted.
The experimental electrolyser separated the anolyte and catholyte compartments and used a 3... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
Alternatively, the general statement can be formulated in terms of the total number of electrons using simple rules of divisibility by a straightforward analysis of two cases.
First, consider the case where the total number of electrons is 4n + 2:
:4n + 2 = a(4q + 2) + b(4p + 2) + c(4t) + d(4r),
where a, b, c, and d ar... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
In supramolecular chemistry, host–guest chemistry describes complexes that are composed of two or more molecules or ions that are held together in unique structural relationships by forces other than those of full covalent bonds. Host–guest chemistry encompasses the idea of molecular recognition and interactions throug... | 6 | Supramolecular Chemistry |
Some acetylides are notoriously explosive. Formation of acetylides poses a risk in handling of gaseous acetylene in presence of metals such as mercury, silver or copper, or alloys with their high content (brass, bronze, silver solder). | 0 | Organic Chemistry |
According to the adsorption behavior, the adsorption of gases on solids can be classified into three temperature ranges relative to :
1.Subcritical region (T)
2.Near-critical region (+10)
3. The region T>+10
Isotherms in the first region will show the feature of subcritical adsorption. Isotherms in the second region wi... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
For many workers in the field, a reactor is an item which is too expensive; instead, it is common to use a neutron source which uses a combination of an alpha emitter and beryllium. These sources tend to be much weaker than reactors. | 3 | Analytical Chemistry |
Alexander Zaytsev first published his observations regarding the products of elimination reactions in Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie in 1875. Although the paper contained some original research done by Zaytsevs students, it was largely a literature review and drew heavily upon previously published work. In it, Zayts... | 7 | Physical Chemistry |
The reverse Krebs cycle (also known as the reverse tricarboxylic acid cycle, the reverse TCA cycle, or the reverse citric acid cycle, or the reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle, or the reductive TCA cycle)
is a sequence of chemical reactions that are used by some bacteria to produce carbon compounds from carbon dioxide... | 1 | Biochemistry |
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