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Hexahydroxybenzene triscarbonate is a chemical compound, an oxide of carbon with formula . Its molecular structure consists of a benzene core with the six hydrogen atoms replaced by three carbonate groups. It can be seen as a sixfold ester of hexahydroxybenzene (benzenehexol) and carbonic acid.
The compound was obtaine... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Bunsen–Kirchhoff Award is a prize for "outstanding achievements" in the field of analytical spectroscopy. It has been awarded since 1990 by the German Working Group for Applied Spectroscopy, and is endowed with by PerkinElmer, Germany. The prize is named in honor of chemist Robert Bunsen and physicist Gustav Kirch... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Consider a binary electrolyte AB which dissociates reversibly into A and B ions. Ostwald noted that the law of mass action can be applied to such systems as dissociating electrolytes. The equilibrium state is represented by the equation:
If is the fraction of dissociated electrolyte, then is the concentration of eac... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The cytochrome complex, or cyt c, is a small hemeprotein found loosely associated with the inner membrane of the mitochondrion where it plays a critical role in cellular respiration.
It transfers electrons between Complexes III (Coenzyme Q – Cyt c reductase) and IV (Cyt c oxidase). Cytochrome c is highly water-solubl... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Coal analysis techniques are specific analytical methods designed to measure the particular physical and chemical properties of coals. These methods are used primarily to determine the suitability of coal for coking, power generation or for iron ore smelting in the manufacture of steel. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The overall metallic behavior of UPdAl, e.g. as deduced from the dc resistivity, is typical for a heavy-fermion material and can be explained as follows: incoherent Kondo scattering above approximately 80 K and coherent heavy-fermion state (in a Kondo lattice) at lower temperatures. Upon cooling below 14 K, UPdAl order... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
He is credited with writing the following episodes:
*"Treehouse of Horror XV" (all three segments) (2004)
*"The Seven-Beer Snitch" (2005)
*"The Mook, the Chef, the Wife and Her Homer" (2006)
*"Crook and Ladder" (2007)
*"Double, Double, Boy in Trouble" (2008)
*"Million Dollar Maybe" (2010)
*"Love Is a Many Strangled Thi... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In 1991, Yamamoto disclosed the first catalytic enantioselective method for carbonyl allylation, which employed a chiral boron Lewis acid-catalyst in combination with allyltrimethylsilane. Numerous other catalytic enantioselective methods for carbonyl allylation followed. Catalytic variants of the Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi r... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Thermal desorption is described by the Polanyi–Wigner equation derived from the Arrhenius equation.
where
: the desorption rate [mol/(cm s)] as a function of ,
: order of desorption,
: surface coverage,
: pre-exponential factor [Hz] as a function of ,
: activation energy of desorption [kJ/mol] as a function of ,
: gas... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
For the special case where the incident radiation is normal (perpendicular) to a surface and the absorption is negligible, the intensity of the reflected and transmitted beams can be calculated from the refractive indices η and η of the two media, where is the fraction of the incident light reflected, and is the frac... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Carboximidates are good electrophiles and undergo a range of addition reactions; with aliphatic imidates generally reacting faster than aromatic imidates. They can be hydrolyzed to give esters and by an analogous process react with amines (including ammonia) to form amidines. Aliphatic imidates react with an excess of ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Schlenk equilibrium, named after its discoverer Wilhelm Schlenk, is a chemical equilibrium taking place in solutions of Grignard reagents and Hauser bases
:2 RMgX MgX + MgR
The process described is an equilibrium between two equivalents of an alkyl or aryl magnesium halide on the left of the equation and on the ri... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The relative static permittivity, ε, can be measured for static electric fields as follows: first the capacitance of a test capacitor, C, is measured with vacuum between its plates. Then, using the same capacitor and distance between its plates, the capacitance C with a dielectric between the plates is measured. The re... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Many different nucleophiles have been reported to be effective for this reaction. Some of the most common nucleophiles include malonates, enolates, primary alkoxides, carboxylates, phenoxides, amines, azide, sulfonamides, imides, and sulfones. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
More recently, numerous studies have identified the plausibility of sweat as an alternative to blood analysis. The potential substitution for sweat versus blood analysis has many potential benefits. For example, sweat can be: extracted in a non-invasive manner via iontophoresis; extracted with little-to-no pain; and ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A Bernoulli grip uses airflow to adhere to an object without physical contact. Such grippers rely on the Bernoulli airflow principle. While an accelerating, increasing speed, airstream has a low downstream static pressure, the sharp turn from linear to radial flow is the cause of a region of very low pressure around th... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
To prepare for an assay, the researcher fills each well of the plate with some biological entity that they wish to conduct the experiment upon, such as a protein, cells, or an animal embryo. After some incubation time has passed to allow the biological matter to absorb, bind to, or otherwise react (or fail to react) wi... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Naturally occurring sea foam is not inherently toxic; however, it can be exposed to high concentrations of contaminants in the surface microlayer derived from the breakdown of algal blooms, fossil fuel production and transport, and stormwater runoff. These contaminants contribute to the formation of noxious sea foam th... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Dye-ligand affinity chromatography is one of the Affinity chromatography techniques used for protein purification of a complex mixture. Like general chromatography, but using dyes to apply on a support matrix of a column as the stationary phase that will allow a range of proteins with similar active sites to bind to, r... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
G-RAST isnt just a powerhouse for metagenome analysis, its also a treasure trove for data exploration. Dive into a diverse toolbox for visualizing and comparing metagenome profiles across various datasets. Filter based on specifics like composition, quality, functionality, or sample type to tailor your search. Delve de... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Most cell types take up iron primarily through receptor-mediated endocytosis via transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1), transferrin receptor 2 (TFR2) and GAPDH. TFR1 has a 30-fold higher affinity for transferrin-bound iron than TFR2 and thus is the main player in this process. The higher order multifunctional glycolytic enzyme... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The general equation in conservative form is
where
* is the variable of interest (species concentration for mass transfer, temperature for heat transfer),
* is the diffusivity (also called diffusion coefficient), such as mass diffusivity for particle motion or thermal diffusivity for heat transport,
* is the velocity f... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
LISICONs can be used as the solid electrolyte in lithium-based solid-state batteries, such as solid state nickel–lithium battery. For this application, solid lithium electrolytes require ionic conductivities greater than 10 S/cm, negligible electronic conductivity, and a wide range of electrochemcial stability. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Basically, Flow in pipes can be classified as follows –
* Fully developed flow (found in world-class flow laboratories)
* Pseudo-fully developed flow
* Non-swirling, non-symmetrical flow
* Moderate swirling, non-symmetrical flow
* High swirling, symmetrical flow | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* American Chemical Society Analytical Division
* AES Electrophoresis Society
* American Society for Mass Spectrometry
* Anachem
* Coblentz Society
* Council for Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
* Infrared Raman and Discussion Group
* International Society of Automation Analysis Division
* The North American Society for Lase... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Since the molecule has a hydroxyl (-OH) group, it is frequently bound to other lipids including fatty acids; most analytical methods, therefore, utilise a strong alkali (KOH or NaOH) to saponify the ester linkages. Typical extraction solvents include 6% KOH in methanol. The free sterols and stanols (saturated sterols) ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Homovanillic acid (HVA) is a major catecholamine metabolite that is produced by a consecutive action of monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyltransferase on dopamine. Homovanillic acid is used as a reagent to detect oxidative enzymes, and is associated with dopamine levels in the brain.
In psychiatry and neuroscience,... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The chelating properties of aminopolycarboxylates can be engineered by varying the groups linking the nitrogen atoms so as to increase selectivity for a particular metal ion. The number of carbon atoms between the nitrogen and carboxyl group can also be varied and substituents can be placed on these carbon atoms. Altog... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In fluid dynamics, a stagnation point is a point in a flow field where the local velocity of the fluid is zero. A plentiful, albeit surprising, example of such points seem to appear in all but the most extreme cases of fluid dynamics in the form of the "no-slip condition"; the assumption that any portion of a flow fiel... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Knockouts are primarily used to understand the role of a specific gene or DNA region by comparing the knockout organism to a wildtype with a similar genetic background.
Knockout organisms are also used as screening tools in the development of drugs, to target specific biological processes or deficiencies by using a spe... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The behaviour of the coals ash residue at high temperature is a critical factor in selecting coals for steam power generation. Most furnaces are designed to remove ash as a powdery residue. Coal which has ash that fuses into a hard glassy slag known as clinker' is usually unsatisfactory in furnaces as it requires clean... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Haemozoin is a disposal product formed from the digestion of blood by some blood-feeding parasites. These hematophagous organisms such as malaria parasites (Plasmodium spp.), Rhodnius and Schistosoma digest haemoglobin and release high quantities of free heme, which is the non-protein component of haemoglobin. Heme is ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
There are a number of problems that can be encountered during the casting process. The main types are: gas porosity, shrinkage defects, mold material defects, pouring metal defects, and metallurgical defects. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Lipids comprise a diverse range of molecules and to some extent is a catchall for relatively water-insoluble or nonpolar compounds of biological origin, including waxes, fatty acids, fatty-acid derived phospholipids, sphingolipids, glycolipids, and terpenoids (e.g., retinoids and steroids). Some lipids are linear, open... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Formula for effective permeability of mixtures has a form
Here is effective relative complex permeability of the mixture, is relative complex permeability of the background medium containing small spherical inclusions of relative permeability with volume fraction of . This formula was derived in dipole approximatio... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Piperacillin is a broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotic of the ureidopenicillin class. The chemical structure of piperacillin and other ureidopenicillins incorporates a polar side chain that enhances penetration into Gram-negative bacteria and reduces susceptibility to cleavage by Gram-negative beta lactamase enzymes. The... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A classic route to carbodiimides involves dehydrosulfurization of thioureas. A typical reagent for this process is mercuric oxide:
:(R(H)N)CS + HgO → (RN)C + HgS + HO
This reaction can often be conducted as stated, even though carbodiimides react with water. In some cases, a dehydrating agent is added to the reaction... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Godwin Laboratory is a research facility at the University of Cambridge. It was originally set up to investigate radiocarbon dating and its applications, and was one of the first laboratories to determine a radiocarbon calibration curve. The lab is named after the English scientist Harry Godwin. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Biochemical CCMs concentrate carbon dioxide in one temporal or spatial region, through metabolite exchange. C and CAM photosynthesis both use the enzyme Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) to add to a 4-Carbon sugar. PEPC is faster than RuBisCO, and more selective for . | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The reciprocal lattice is easily constructed in one dimension: for particles on a line with a period , the reciprocal lattice is an infinite array of points with spacing . In two dimensions, there are only five Bravais lattices. The corresponding reciprocal lattices have the same symmetry as the direct lattice. 2-D l... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* Biological Abstracts
* BIOSIS Previews
* Cambridge Structural Database
* Chemical Abstracts Service
* Ceramic Abstracts
* ChemWeb
* Compendex
* Advanced Polymer Abstracts
* Civil Engineering Abstracts
* Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts
* Current Contents/Phys... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Penetration depth is a measure of how deep light or any electromagnetic radiation can penetrate into a material. It is defined as the depth at which the intensity of the radiation inside the material falls to 1/e (about 37%) of its original value at (or more properly, just beneath) the surface.
When electromagnetic rad... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) was a development of EST methodology to increase the throughput of the tags generated and allow some quantitation of transcript abundance. cDNA is generated from the RNA but is then digested into 11 bp "tag" fragments using restriction enzymes that cut DNA at a specific sequenc... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Returning to the cost objective function, it cannot violate any of the operational constraints. Generally this cost is dominated by the energy cost for pumping. “The operational constraints include the standards of customer service, such as: the minimum delivered pressure, in addition to the physical constraints such a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* Cocaine, for example, blocks the reuptake of dopamine, leaving these neurotransmitters in the synaptic gap for longer.
* AMPT prevents the conversion of tyrosine to L-DOPA, the precursor to dopamine; reserpine prevents dopamine storage within vesicles; and deprenyl inhibits monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B and thus increase... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Similar to chirality planes, chirality axes arise from an axis about which the spatial arrangement of substituents creates chirality. This can be seen in helical molecules (see section 3a) as well as some alkenes. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The triclinic form of boric acid consists of layers of molecules held together by hydrogen bonds with an O...O separation of 272 pm. The distance between two adjacent layers is 318 pm. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
No single compound will prove life once existed. Rather, it will be distinctive patterns present in any organic compounds showing a process of selection. For example, membrane lipids left behind by degraded cells will be concentrated, have a limited size range, and comprise an even number of carbons. Similarly, life on... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Osama Kamal (; born 5 April 1959) was the Egyptian minister of petroleum and mineral resources. He was sworn into President Mohamad Morsi's cabinet, the Qandil Cabinet, on 2 August 2012, following the 2011–2012 Egyptian uprising that deposed President Hosni Mubarak. He was in office until 6 May 2013. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Triglycerides of butyric acid compose 3–4% of butter. When butter goes rancid, butyric acid is liberated from the glyceride by hydrolysis. It is one of the fatty acid subgroup called short-chain fatty acids. Butyric acid is a typical carboxylic acid that reacts with bases and affects many metals.
It is found in animal ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
There are two distinctive features of ion channels that differentiate them from other types of ion transporter proteins:
#The rate of ion transport through the channel is very high (often 10 ions per second or greater).
#Ions pass through channels down their electrochemical gradient, which is a function of ion concentr... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Nature produces massive amounts of chloromethane and bromomethane. Most concern focuses on anthropogenic sources, which are potential toxins, even carcinogens. Similarly, great interest has been shown in remediation of man made halocarbons such as those produced on large scale, such as dry cleaning fluids. Volatile h... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Cyanobacteria are challenged by environmental stresses and internally generated reactive oxygen species that cause DNA damage. Cyanobacteria possess numerous E. coli-like DNA repair genes. Several DNA repair genes are highly conserved in cyanobacteria, even in small genomes, suggesting that core DNA repair processes su... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* Switzerland: Swiss Nano Dragster, University of Basel
* France: Toulouse nanomobile club, Paul Sabatier University
* Austria/United States: NanoPrix Team University of Graz / Rice University
* Germany: Nano-windmill Company Technical University of Dresden (TU Dresden)
* Japan: Nano-Vehicle NIMS-MANA National Institut... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Having worked for some time from the age of fourteen in the local Rylands linoleum factory managed by his father, he studied for and successfully passed the entrance examination to the University of Manchester in 1903 to study chemistry. He made this pursuit in spite of active discouragement by his parents. He gained h... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Colloidal quantum dots are nanoscale semiconductor materials with highly tunable optical and electronic properties. Quantum dots photosensitize via the same mechanism as organometallic photosensitizers and organic photosensitizers, but their nanoscale properties allow for greater control in distinctive aspects. Some ke... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus RadA recombinase catalyzes DNA pairing and strand exchange, central steps in recombinational repair. The RadA recombinase has greater similarity to the eukaryotic Rad51 recombinase than to the bacterial RecA recombinase. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
o-Cresolphthalein is not produced industrially, rather, it is commercially available. To be produced, the method generally used to synthesize phthalein dyes is effective. This method is used to synthesize phenolphthalein and thymolphthalein. To begin, a 2M equivalent of a phenol or a substituted phenol should be combin... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
An alternative variation of four-wave-mixing-based frequency combs is known as Kerr frequency comb. Here, a single laser is coupled into a microresonator (such as a microscopic glass disk that has whispering-gallery modes). This kind of structure naturally has a series of resonant modes with approximately equally space... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Anabaseine causes paralysis in crustaceans and insects, but not in vertebrates, presumably by acting as an agonist on peripheral neuromuscular nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Organic compounds such as amino acids, carbohydrates, fatty acids, and phenols are highly enriched in the SML interface. Most of these come from biota in the sub-surface waters, which decay and become transported to the surface, though other sources exist also such as atmospheric deposition, coastal runoff, and anthro... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Scavenger resins are polymers (resins) with bound functional groups that react with specific by-products, impurities, or excess reagents produced in a reaction. Polymer-bound functional groups permit the use of many different scavengers, as the functional groups are confined within a resin or are simply bound to the so... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR, or qPCR when used quantitatively) is a laboratory technique of molecular biology based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It monitors the amplification of a targeted DNA molecule during the PCR (i.e., in real time), not at its end, as in conventional PCR. Real-... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The phosphate ion has a molar mass of 94.97 g/mol, and consists of a central phosphorus atom surrounded by four oxygen atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement. It is the conjugate base of the hydrogen phosphate ion , which in turn is the conjugate base of the dihydrogen phosphate ion , which in turn is the conjugate base of... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Basilicon, or basilicum, is the name given to various ointments that were believed to have sovereign virtues. One such example was an unguent composed of rosin, wax, pitch, and oil, which pre-modern surgeons used as a suppurative.
The German physician Wilhelm Fabry described the use of basilicon ointments in the treatm... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The integration of knowledge concerning the molecular and cellular actions of a drug within the brain circuitry leads to an overall understanding of a neurological drug's action mechanisms. This understanding of drug action in turn can be extrapolated to account for system-wide or clinical manifestations which are obse... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The G3P is converted to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate in the presence of enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (an oxido-reductase).
The aldehyde groups of the triose sugars are oxidised, and inorganic phosphate is added to them, forming 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate.
The hydrogen is used to reduce two molecules of NAD, ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
While in the stratosphere (post-test period), the tritium interacted with and oxidized to water molecules and was present in much of the rapidly produced rainfall, making tritium a prognostic tool for studying the evolution and structure of the hydrologic cycle as well as the ventilation and formation of water masses i... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
ISF compounds can be quantified either indirectly from merely diluted ISF samples by using OFM and additional calibration techniques, or directly from undiluted ISF samples which can be collected with additional OFM methods. Quantification of compounds from diluted ISF samples requires additional application of calibra... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Pearson symbol, or Pearson notation, is used in crystallography as a means of describing a crystal structure, and was originated by W. B. Pearson. The symbol is made up of two letters followed by a number. For example:
* Diamond structure, cF8
* Rutile structure, tP6
The two (italicised) letters specify the Bravais... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The increase in use of Terfenol-D in transducers required new production techniques that increased production rates and quality because the original methods were unreliable and small scale. There are four methods that are used to produce Terfenol-D, which are free stand zone melting, modified Bridgman, sintered powder ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Genetic markers can be used to study the relationship between an inherited disease and its genetic cause (for example, a particular mutation of a gene that results in a defective protein). It is known that pieces of DNA that lie near each other on a chromosome tend to be inherited together. This property enables the us... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Response regulator proteins typically consist of a receiver domain and one or more effector domains, although in some cases they possess only a receiver domain and exert their effects through protein-protein interactions. In two-component signaling, a histidine kinase responds to environmental changes by autophosphoryl... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Ceramic solids are composed of inorganic compounds, usually oxides of chemical elements. They are chemically inert, and often are capable of withstanding chemical erosion that occurs in an acidic or caustic environment. Ceramics generally can withstand high temperatures ranging from 1000 to 1600 °C (1800 to 3000 °F). E... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
More than 90% of world industrial production of urea is destined for use as a nitrogen-release fertilizer. Urea has the highest nitrogen content of all solid nitrogenous fertilizers in common use. Therefore, it has a low transportation cost per unit of nitrogen nutrient. The most common impurity of synthetic urea is bi... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Changes in the homeostatic levels of many neurologically active chemicals elicit clinical disorders and symptoms. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Glutamate levels are observed to be elevated during mania. Lithium is thought to provide long-term mood stabilization and have anti-manic properties by modulating glutamate levels. It is proposed that lithium competes with magnesium for binding to NMDA glutamate receptor, increasing the availability of glutamate in po... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Hydrogel fiber is a hydrogel made into a fibrous state, where its width is significantly smaller than its length. The hydrogel's specific surface area at fibrous form is larger than that of the bulk hydrogel, and its mechanical properties also changed accordingly. As a result of these changes, hydrogel fiber has a fast... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Modern ammonia plants produce more than 3000 tons per day in one production line. The following diagram shows the set-up of a Haber–Bosch plant:
Depending on its origin, the synthesis gas must first be freed from impurities such as hydrogen sulfide or organic sulphur compounds, which act as a catalyst poison. High conc... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In 2005 a two hybrid system in plants was developed. Using protoplasts of A. thaliana protein-protein interactions can be studied in plants. This way the interactions can be studied in their native context. In this system the GAL4 AD and BD are under the control of the strong 35S promoter. Interaction is measured usin... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Prof. Blum began her independent research career in 2006 at the University of California, Irvine (UCI). Blum’s research focuses on the development and mechanistic study of reactions in organic, organometallic, catalytic, and materials chemistry, and on monitoring reaction intermediates by a combination of traditional s... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The three-dimensional protein structure of OCP (in the OCP form) was solved in 2003, before its photoprotective role had been defined. The 35 kDa protein contains two structural domains: an all-α-helical N-terminal domain (NTD) consisting of two interleaved 4-helix bundles, and a mixed α/β C-terminal domain (CTD). Th... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
At the age of six, Davy was sent to the grammar school at Penzance. Three years later, his family moved to Varfell, near Ludgvan, and subsequently, in term-time, Davy boarded with John Tonkin, his godfather and later his guardian. Upon Davys leaving grammar school in 1793, Tonkin paid for him to attend Truro Grammar Sc... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate is synthesized from tyrosine, while the solanesyl diphosphate is synthesized through the MEP/DOXP pathway. Homogentisate is formed from p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate and is then combined with solanesyl diphosphate through a condensation reaction. The resulting intermediate, 2-methyl-6-solanesyl-1,... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The dual fluid reactor (DFR) has a variant DFR/m which works with eutectic liquid metal alloys, e.g. U-Cr or U-Fe. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A preform is a pre-made shape of solder specially designed for the application where it is to be used. Many methods are used to manufacture the solder preform, stamping being the most common. The solder preform may include the solder flux needed for the soldering process. This can be an internal flux, inside the solder... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Most protein pharmaceuticals are now produced through recombinant DNA technology using expression vectors. These peptide and protein pharmaceuticals may be hormones, vaccines, antibiotics, antibodies, and enzymes. The first human recombinant protein used for disease management, insulin, was introduced in 1982. Biotech... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Although many authors implicitly envisaged a traditional Sanger sequencing-based decoding, the number of codes to sequence simply according to the complexity of the library is definitely an unrealistic task for a traditional Sanger sequencing approach. Nevertheless, the implementation of Sanger sequencing for decoding ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* Contemporary Academic Research, page 24, Jan. 2008, written by Tingjun Wang, "Study of the Secret of Golden Flower internal alchemy practise". [https://archive.today/20130125223513/www.hktmc.com/ChineseMedia/Magazine/Education/62xdxsyj/15contents/2008/200801di17qi.aspx in Chinese] [http://www.daoism.ro/studiu-asupra-... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Regiospecific formation is the controlled enolate formation by the specific deprotonation at one of the α-carbons of the ketone starting molecule. This provides one of the best understood synthetic strategies to introduce chemical complexity in natural product and total syntheses. A prominent example of its use is in t... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Allylic strain (also known as A strain, 1,3-allylic strain, or A-strain) in organic chemistry is a type of strain energy resulting from the interaction between a substituent on one end of an olefin (a synonym for an alkene) with an allylic substituent on the other end. If the substituents (R and R') are large enough in... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are fully or partly halogenated hydrocarbons that contain carbon (C), hydrogen (H), chlorine (Cl), and fluorine (F), produced as volatile derivatives of methane, ethane, and propane.
The most common example is dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12). R-12 is also c... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Initially, the chemical reactions that normally occur in the cement paste, generate an alkaline environment, bringing the solution in the cement paste pores to pH values around 13. In these conditions, passivation of steel rebar occurs, due to a spontaneous generation of a thin film of oxides able to protect the steel ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The releasable pool is located in the active zone and is bound directly to the presynaptic membrane. It is stabilized by proteins within the active zone and bound to the presynaptic membrane by SNARE proteins. These vesicles are ready to release by a single action potential and are replenished by vesicles from the re... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Köhler curve is the visual representation of the Köhler equation. It shows the supersaturation at which the cloud drop is in equilibrium with the environment over a range of droplet diameters. The exact shape of the curve is dependent upon the amount and composition of the solutes present in the atmosphere. The Köh... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The general methodology of TAP data analysis, developed in a series of papers by Grigoriy (Gregory) Yablonsky
is based on comparing an inert gas response which is controlled only by Knudsen diffusion
with a reactive gas response which is controlled by diffusion as well as adsorption and chemical reactions on the cata... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The efficiency of the blast furnace was improved by the change to hot blast, patented by James Beaumont Neilson in Scotland in 1828. This further reduced production costs. Within a few decades, the practice was to have a stove as large as the furnace next to it into which the waste gas (containing CO) from the furnac... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
2,3-Butanediol fermentation is anaerobic fermentation of glucose with 2,3-butanediol as one of the end products. The overall stoichiometry of the reaction is
:2 pyruvate + NADH --> 2CO + 2,3-butanediol.
Butanediol fermentation is typical for the facultative anaerobes Klebsiella and Enterobacter and is tested for using ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Nanocar Race is an international scientific competition with the aim of testing the performance of getting a large molecule suspended over a solid surface to cover the largest distance with the use of a scanning tunneling microscope.
The first race consisted of overcoming a distance of 100 nanometer and was held for th... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
One of the primary functions of carbaminohemoglobin is to enable the transport of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream. When carbon dioxide is produced as a waste product of cellular metabolism in tissues, the compound is diffused into the bloodstream and it works to react with hemoglobin.
When the binding of molecules oc... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
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