text stringlengths 105 4.57k | label int64 0 1 | label_text stringclasses 2
values |
|---|---|---|
Transfer RNAs, which are RNAs that participate in translation, contain the greatest number of modifications of any type of RNA, with up to one-fourth of the nucleosides in these molecules containing some sort of modification in eukaryotes. There are several known reasons for the wide variety of modifications found in t... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The state of an amount of gas is determined by its pressure, volume, and temperature. The modern form of the equation relates these simply in two main forms. The temperature used in the equation of state is an absolute temperature: the appropriate SI unit is the kelvin. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Hydrazine, organohydrazines, and 1,1-diorganohydrazines react with aldehydes and ketones to give hydrazones.
Phenylhydrazine reacts with reducing sugars to form hydrazones known as osazones, which was developed by German chemist Emil Fischer as a test to differentiate monosaccharides. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The structures of acceptors play a critical role in the rate and stereoselectivity of glycosylations. Generally, the unprotected hydroxyl groups are less reactive when they are between bulky protecting groups. That is the reason why the hydroxyl group at OH-4 in pyranosides is unreactive. Hyperconjugation is involved w... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In oxidizing environment, green rust generally turns into oxyhydroxides, namely α- (goethite) and γ- (lepidocrocite).
Oxidation of the carbonate variety can be retarded by wetting the material with hydroxyl-containing compounds such as glycerol or glucose, even though they do not penetrate the structure. Some variet... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
This reagent can be synthesized quickly and in near-quantitative yield by reacting phenyl thioacetate with tert-butyldichloroamine in hot benzene. After the reaction is complete, the product can be isolated as a yellow, moisture-sensitive solid by vacuum distillation. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The photoelectric effect will cause spacecraft exposed to sunlight to develop a positive charge. This can be a major problem, as other parts of the spacecraft are in shadow which will result in the spacecraft developing a negative charge from nearby plasmas. The imbalance can discharge through delicate electrical compo... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Michael Philip Hartshorn (10 September 1936 – 15 December 2017) was a British-born New Zealand organic chemist. He was awarded the Hector Memorial Medal by the Royal Society of New Zealand in 1973. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The mycotoxin phomoxanthone A, or PXA for short, is a toxic natural product that affects the mitochondria. It is the most toxic and the best studied of the naturally occurring phomoxanthones. PXA has recently been shown to induce rapid, non-canonical mitochondrial fission by causing the mitochondrial matrix to fragment... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Slack was born on 22 April 1937 in Ashton-under-Lyne, Lancashire, England; the first and only child of Albert and Eva Slack. He studied biochemistry at the University of Nottingham, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Science (Honours) in 1958, and a PhD in 1962. He married Pam Shaw in March 1963, and had two childre... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In complexation catalysis, the term passive binding refers to any stabilizing interaction that is equally strong at the transition state level and in the reactant-catalyst complex.
Having the same effect on the stability of the transition state and the reactant-catalyst complex, passive binding contributes to accelerat... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
An injector is a system of ducting and nozzles used to direct the flow of a high-pressure fluid in such a way that a lower pressure fluid is entrained in the jet and carried through a duct to a region of higher pressure. It is a fluid-dynamic pump with no moving parts except a valve to control inlet flow.
Depending on ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas state, without passing through the liquid state. The verb form of sublimation is sublime, or less preferably, sublimate. Sublimate also refers to the product obtained by sublimation. The point at which sublimation occurs rapidly (for furthe... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Magnetic trapping is created by adding a spatially varying magnetic quadrupole field to the red detuned optical field needed for laser cooling. This causes a Zeeman shift in the magnetic-sensitive m levels, which increases with the radial distance from the center of the trap. Because of this, as an atom moves away from... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Mixed-valence compounds are subdivided into three groups, according to the Robin–Day classification:
*Class I, where the valences are trapped—localized on a single site—such as PbO and antimony tetroxide. There are distinct sites with different specific valences in the complex that cannot easily interconvert.
*Class II... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Viruses can be used to deliver genes for genetic engineering or gene therapy. Commonly used viruses include adenoviruses, retroviruses, and various bacteriophages. The surface of the viral particle can also be modified with ligands to increase targeting capabilities. While viral vectors can be used to great efficacy, o... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, also known as Triton B or trimethylbenzylammonium hydroxide, is a quaternary ammonium salt that functions as an organic base. It is usually handled as a solution in water or methanol. The compound is colourless, although the solutions often appear yellowish. Commercial samples often ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
This stage is useful for identifying patients with bacterial overgrowth syndrome. The physician will provide a course of 2 weeks of antibiotics to eliminate any possible bacterial overgrowth and repeat the test to check whether radio-labeled Vitamin B12 would be found in urine or not. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Some elements of the cholinergic crisis can be reversed with antimuscarinic drugs like atropine or diphenhydramine, but the most dangerous effect - respiratory depression, cannot.
The neuromuscular junction, where the brain communicates with muscles (like the diaphragm, the main breathing muscle), works by acetylcholi... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
TLE uses continuous-wave lasers (typically with a wavelength of around 1000 nm) located outside the vacuum chamber to heat sources of material in order to generate a flux of vapor via evaporation or sublimation. Owing to the localized nature of the heat induced by the laser, a portion of the source may be transformed i... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In fluid mechanics, the Reynolds number is the ratio of inertial forces (vρ) to viscous forces (μ/L). It is one of the most important dimensionless numbers in fluid dynamics and is used, usually along with other dimensionless numbers, to provide a criterion for determining dynamic similitude. As such, the Reynolds numb... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The third description of the flow field's state is swirl. Swirl is the tangential flow component of the velocity vector. The velocity profile should be referred to as the axial velocity profile. As the velocity vector can be resolved into three mutually orthogonal components, the velocity profile only represents the ax... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
2-(Dicyanomethylene)croconate is a divalent anion with chemical formula or ((N≡C−)C=)(CO). It is one of the pseudo-oxocarbon anions, as it can be described as a derivative of the croconate oxocarbon anion through the replacement of one oxygen atom by a dicyanomethylene group =C(−C≡N).
The anion was synthesized and c... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The dynamic energy budget (DEB) theory is a formal metabolic theory which provides a single quantitative framework to dynamically describe the aspects of metabolism (energy and mass budgets) of all living organisms at the individual level, based on assumptions about energy uptake, storage, and utilization of various su... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
At the beginning of the twentieth century, a relationship between the pituitary, testes and prostate gland had been established.
American physician Charles Brenton Huggins found out that castration or estrogen administration led to glandular atrophy in men, which could be reversed by re-administration of androgen. In ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The detection efficiency for electrons is essentially 100% for most scintillators. But because electrons can make large angle scatterings (sometimes backscatterings), they can exit the detector without depositing their full energy in it. The back-scattering is a rapidly increasing function of the atomic number Z of the... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
When mechanical strain is applied to a PECT material it changes the chemical potential, and therefore the electric potential of that material. Since current flows from more negative materials to more positive materials, it is possible to induce a current flow between two ionically connected materials by simply applying... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Although some inorganic species can be obtained in pure form from nature, most are synthesized in chemical plants and in the laboratory.
Inorganic synthetic methods can be classified roughly according to the volatility or solubility of the component reactants. Soluble inorganic compounds are prepared using methods of ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Sulfoxides are typically prepared by oxidation of sulfides, sometimes referred to as sulfoxidation. hydrogen peroxide is a typical oxidant, but periodate has also been used. In these oxidations, care is required to avoid over oxidation to form the sulfone. For example, dimethyl sulfide is oxidized to dimethyl sulfoxid... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In nuclear engineering, fissile material is material that can undergo nuclear fission when struck by a neutron of low energy. A self-sustaining thermal chain reaction can only be achieved with fissile material. The predominant neutron energy in a system may be typified by either slow neutrons (i.e., a thermal system)... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A number bioplastic classes have been synthesized from plant and animal derived fats and oils. Polyurethanes, polyesters, epoxy resins and a number of other types of polymers have been developed with comparable properties to crude oil based materials. The recent development of olefin metathesis has opened a wide variet... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The great interest in the study of the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) has also resulted in many investigations on the properties of polarons in two dimensions. A simple model for the 2D polaron system consists of an electron confined to a plane, interacting via the Fröhlich interaction with the LO phonons of a 3D ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation, which employs carbenes derived from diiodomethane, is a popular alternative to rhodium-catalyzed cyclopropanation. In the presence of a chiral diamine, Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation is enantioselective; however, selectivities are not as high as the corresponding rhodium-catalyzed reacti... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Assays have been developed to identify regions of the genome that are accessible. These regions of accessible chromatin are candidate regulatory regions. These assays include ATAC-seq, DNase-Seq and FAIRE-Seq. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Antica Farmacia Sant'Anna (Italian for “Ancient Pharmacy of Saint Anne”) is a pharmacy and herbal medicine dispensary in Genoa, Italy, located in the quarter of Castelletto. Founded by the Discalced Carmelites friars of the annex Convent of Sant’Anna in 1650, it is the oldest commercial establishment still operatin... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A group of researchers at Georgia Tech made dye-sensitized solar cells with a higher effective surface area by wrapping the cells around a quartz optical fiber. The researchers removed the cladding from optical fibers, grew zinc oxide nanowires along the surface, treated them with dye molecules, surrounded the fibers b... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Castner Gold Medal on Industrial Electrochemistry is an biennial award given by the Electrochemical Technology Group of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI) to an authority on applied electrochemistry or electrochemical engineering connected to industrial research. The award is named in honor of Hamilton Castner, a ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
There is a number of external triggers that can be used to release cargo on gated delivery systems. Examples of some triggers include pH, redox, enzyme, light, temperature, magnetic, ultrasound, and small molecule responsive gated systems. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
There are relatively simple tests for radon gas. Radon test kits are commercially available. The short-term radon test kits used for screening purposes are inexpensive, in many cases free. In the United States, discounted test kits can be purchased online through The National Radon Program Services at Kansas State Univ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A review in 2013 came to the result that infants resulting from IVF (with or without ICSI) have a relative risk of birth defects of 1.32 (95% confidence interval 1.24–1.42) compared to naturally conceived infants. In 2008, an analysis of the data of the National Birth Defects Study in the US found that certain birth de... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Similar to the issue of a point of reference is the issue of orientation: a displacement in 2 or 3 dimensions is not just a length, but is a length together with a direction. (In 1 dimension, this issue is equivalent to the distinction between positive and negative.) Thus, to compare or combine two dimensional quantiti... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) web site has a very complete searchable table of calcium content (in milligrams) in foods, per common measures such as per 100 grams or per a normal serving. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* Chemical Abstracts Service
* Index Medicus/MEDLINE/PubMed
* Science Citation Index Expanded
* Current Contents/Life Sciences
* BIOSIS Previews
* Scopus
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2019 impact factor of 2.014. 5 year Impact Factor 2.063 | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Esters can also be derived from inorganic acids.
*Perchloric acid forms perchlorate esters, e.g., methyl perchlorate ()
*Sulfuric acid forms sulfate esters, e.g., dimethyl sulfate () and methyl bisulfate ()
*Nitric acid forms nitrate esters, e.g. methyl nitrate () and nitroglycerin ()
*Phosphoric acid forms phosphate e... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Reactions of conjugated double-bond systems can be synthesized into cycloalkenes through electrocyclic reactions. Addition of heat or photolysis causes a reversible reaction that causes one pi bond to become a sigma bond, which closes the ring and creates a cycloalkene. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
As a pseudohalide, azide generally displaces many leaving group, e.g. , , , sulfonate, and others to give the azido compound. The azide source is most often sodium azide (), although lithium azide () has been demonstrated. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Spontaneous absolute asymmetric synthesis is a chemical phenomenon that stochastically generates chirality based on autocatalysis and small fluctuations in the ratio of enantiomers present in a racemic mixture. In certain reactions which initially do not contain chiral information, stochastically distributed enantiomer... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Pd-mediated Sonogashira, Heck, and Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions have been applied widely to modify peptides and proteins, where diverse Pd reagents have been developed for the application in aqueous solutions. Those reactions require the protein or peptide substrate bearing unnatural functional groups such ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Galvanic corrosion (also called bimetallic corrosion or dissimilar metal corrosion) is an electrochemical process in which one metal corrodes preferentially when it is in electrical contact with another, in the presence of an electrolyte. A similar galvanic reaction is exploited in primary cells to generate a useful el... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Phosphite esters are Lewis bases and hence can form coordination complexes with various metal ions. Representative phosphite ligands include trimethylphosphite ((MeO)P), triethylphosphite ((EtO)P), trimethylolpropane phosphite, and triphenylphosphite ((PhO)P). Phosphites exhibit a smaller ligand cone angles than the st... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The rate of cell growth is directly dependent on the rate of protein synthesis, which is itself intricately linked to ribosome synthesis and rRNA transcription. Thus, intracellular signals must coordinate the synthesis of rRNA with that of other components of protein translation. Myc is known to bind to human ribosomal... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
All magneto-optical traps require at least one trapping laser plus any necessary repumper lasers (see above). These lasers need stability, rather than high power, requiring no more than the saturation intensity, but a linewidth much less than the Doppler width, usually several megahertz. Because of their low cost, comp... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Polyhedron is abstracted and indexed in:
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 3.052. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
RNA-Binding Proteins (RBPs) are dynamic assemblages between mRNAs and different proteins that form messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes (mRNPs). These complexes are essential for the regulation of gene expression to ensure that all the steps are performed correctly throughout the whole process. Therefore, they are imp... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The fluxgate magnetometer was invented by H. Aschenbrenner and G. Goubau in 1936. A team at Gulf Research Laboratories led by Victor Vacquier developed airborne fluxgate magnetometers to detect submarines during World War II and after the war confirmed the theory of plate tectonics by using them to measure shifts in th... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The law of combining volumes states that when gases chemically react together, they do so in amounts by volume which bear small whole-number ratios (the volumes calculated at the same temperature and pressure).
The ratio between the volumes of the reactant gases and the gaseous products can be expressed in simple whole... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Step-growth polymerization involves two monomers with bi- or multifunctionality to form polymer chains. Many polymers are synthesized via step-growth polymerization and include polyesters, polyamides, and polyurethanes. A sub-class of step-growth polymerization is condensation polymerization. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Nayak advocates that more people should be taught to perform the so-called miracles of godmen. He also advocates that people should be trained to recognize pseudoscience and demand scientific evidence. He holds the opinion that well-known scientists should be convinced to join the cause and form pressure groups against... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Sulfur oxidation involves the oxidation of reduced sulfur compounds (such as sulfide ), inorganic sulfur (S), and thiosulfate () to form sulfuric acid (). A classic example of a sulfur-oxidizing bacterium is Beggiatoa, a microbe originally described by Sergei Winogradsky, one of the founders of environmental microbiol... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* Guerneri Rolfincii, Phil. Ac Med. Doctoris Et Professoris Publici Chimia In Artis Formam Redacta : Sex Libris comprehensa .... Genevae, 1671 [http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:061:2-170303 Digital edition] of the University and State Library Düsseldorf. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Vacuum deoxidation is a method which involves using a vacuum to remove impurities. A portion of the carbon and oxygen in steel will react, forming carbon monoxide. CO gas will float up to the top of the liquid steel and be removed by a vacuum system.
As the chemical reaction involved in vacuum deoxidation is:
the rea... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Most countries require continuous monitoring of emissions produced by coal and oil-fired power plants, municipal and hazardous waste incinerators, cement plants, as well as many other types of industrial sources. This monitoring is usually performed using extractive sampling systems coupled with infrared spectroscopy t... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The set of monoisotopic elements overlap but are not the same as the set of 21 mononuclidic elements, which are characterized as having essentially only one isotope (nuclide) found in nature. The reason for this is the occurrence of certain long-lived radioactive primordial nuclides in nature, which may form admixtures... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Krafft temperature is defined as the minimum temperature from which the micelle formation takes place. It is named after German chemist Friedrich Krafft. It has been found that solubility at the Krafft point is nearly equal to critical micelle concentration (CMC). Below the Krafft temperature, the maximum solubility of... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Conjugation is a convenient means for transferring genetic material to a variety of targets. In laboratories, successful transfers have been reported from bacteria to yeast, plants, mammalian cells, diatoms and isolated mammalian mitochondria. Conjugation has advantages over other forms of genetic transfer including mi... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
When there is excess glucose, coenzyme A is used in the cytosol for synthesis of fatty acids. This process is implemented by regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which catalyzes the committed step in fatty acid synthesis. Insulin stimulates acetyl-CoA carboxylase, while epinephrine and glucagon inhibit its activity.
D... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Alarm photosynthesis is a variation of photosynthesis where calcium oxalate crystals function as dynamic carbon pools, supplying carbon dioxide (CO) to photosynthetic cells when stomata are partially or totally closed. This biochemical appendance of the photosynthetic machinery is a means to alleviate the perpetual pla... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The particle size distribution can also be obtained using the autocorrelation function. However, polydisperse samples are not well resolved by the cumulant fit analysis. Thus, the combination of non-negative least squares (NNLS) algorithms with regularization methods, such as the Tikhonov regularization, can be used to... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Globo-Hs TACA character allows for its utilization as an anticancer vaccine, inducing antibody response against the epitope. The resulting humoral immunity could enable the selective eradication of Globo H-presenting tumors. The Taiwanese biopharma company OBI Pharma, Inc., was first to develop Adagloxad Simolenin (OBI... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Polychorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, are a type of chemical that was widely used in the 1960s and 1970s, and which are a contamination source of soil and water. They are fairly stable and therefore persistent in the environment. Bioremediation of PCBs is the use of microorganisms to degrade PCBs from contaminated sites, ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Fossils of what are thought to be filamentous photosynthetic organisms have been dated at 3.4 billion years old. More recent studies also suggest that photosynthesis may have begun about 3.4 billion years ago, though the first direct evidence of photosynthesis comes from thylakoid membranes preserved in 1.75-billion-ye... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Amoxicillin is also sometimes used as an antibiotic for animals. The use of amoxicillin for animals intended for human consumption (chickens, cattle, and swine for example) has been approved. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The presence of harmful algae blooms can lead to hypoxia or anoxia in a body of water. The depletion of oxygen within a body of water can lead to the creation of a dead zone. Dead zones occur when a body of water has become unsuitable for organism survival in that location. HABs cause dead zones by consuming oxygen in ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
As in the standard code, initiation is most efficient at AUG. In addition, GUG and UUG starts are documented in archaea and bacteria. In Escherichia coli, UUG is estimated to serve as initiator for about 3% of the bacteriums proteins. CUG is known to function as an initiator for one plasmid-encoded protein (RepA) in... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Tagging technology and instrument development occurred at the University of Toronto and DVS Sciences, Inc. CyTOF (cytometry by time of flight) was initially commercialized by DVS Sciences in 2009. In 2014, Fluidigm acquired DVS Sciences to become a reference company in single cell technology. In 2022 Fluidigm received... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In fluid mechanics, pressure head is the height of a liquid column that corresponds to a particular pressure exerted by the liquid column on the base of its container. It may also be called static pressure head or simply static head (but not static head pressure).
Mathematically this is expressed as:
where
: is pressu... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Phenol red (also known as phenolsulfonphthalein or PSP) is a pH indicator frequently used in cell biology laboratories. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
CataCXium F sulf is a water-soluble organophosphorus compound derived from fluorene. The palladium complexes of the respective phosphine show an excellent activity in various palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions, including Suzuki reactions, Sonogashira couplings and Buchwald–Hartwig reactions. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Micelles are composed of surfactant, or detergent, monomers with a hydrophobic moiety, or tail, on one end, and a hydrophilic moiety, or head group, on the other. The polar head group may be anionic, cationic, zwitterionic, or non-ionic. When the concentration of a surfactant in solution reaches its critical micelle ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The design was first reported by McCarthy (1934).
As shown in the diagram, a stoppered reservoir is supplied with an air inlet and a siphon. The pressure at the bottom of the air inlet is always the same as the pressure outside the reservoir, i.e. the atmospheric pressure. If it were greater, air would not enter. If t... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
At slow scan rates there should be no separation between the oxidative and reductive peaks.
* A one-electron site (e.g. a heme or FeS cluster) gives a broad peak (fig 1A). The equation that gives the shape and intensity of the peak is:
: Ideally, the peak position is in both directions. The peak current is (it is pro... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* Bimal Matilal, The Navya-nyāya doctrine of negation: the semantics and ontology of negative statements, Harvard University Press,
* Daniel H.H. Ingalls, Materials for the study of Navya-nyāya logic, Harvard University Press, | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A carbyne can occur as a short-lived reactive intermediate. For instance, fluoromethylidyne (CF) can be detected in the gas phase by spectroscopy as an intermediate in the flash photolysis of CHFBr.
Carbynes can act as trivalent ligands in complexes with transition metals, in which they are connected to a metal by the ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
According to the IsoRes hypothesis, there are certain resonance isotopic compositions at which terrestrial organisms thrive best. Curiously, average terrestrial isotopic compositions are very close to a resonance affecting a large class of amino acids and polypeptides, the molecules of outmost importance for life. Thus... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Cantilever enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy enables the detection of small amount of trace gases which is vital in many applications. Photoacoustic spectroscopy is one of the most sensitive optical detection schemes. It is based on detecting a gas specific acoustic wave generated that originates from the absorption ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Woollins' reagent is commercially available. It can also be conveniently prepared in the laboratory by heating a mixture of dichlorophenylphosphine and sodium selenide (NaSe), (itself prepared from reacting elementary selenium with sodium in liquid ammonia). An alternative synthesis is the reaction of the pentamer (PPh... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The banteng was the second endangered species to be successfully cloned, and the first clone to survive beyond infancy. Scientists at Advanced Cell Technology in Worcester, Massachusetts, extracted DNA from skin cells of a dead male banteng, that were preserved in San Diego 's Frozen Zoo facility, and transferred it in... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Electrodeless discharge lamps (EDL) contain a small quantity of the analyte as a metal or a salt in a quartz bulb together with an inert gas, typically argon gas, at low pressure. The bulb is inserted into a coil that is generating an electromagnetic radio frequency field, resulting in a low-pressure inductively couple... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The different sets of transcriptional repression and activation which characterize a and α cells are caused by the presence of one of two alleles of a mating-type locus called MAT: MATa or MATα located on chromosome III. The MAT locus is usually divided into five regions (W, X, Y, Z1, and Z2) based on the sequences sha... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, published since 1956 by the American Chemical Society. JCED is currently indexed in: Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS), SCOPUS, EBSCOhost, ProQuest, British Library, PubMed, Ovid, Web of Science, and SwetsWise.
The current Editor is J. Ilj... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The formation of a disaccharide molecule from two monosaccharide molecules proceeds by displacing a hydroxy group from one molecule and a hydrogen nucleus (a proton) from the other, so that the new vacant bonds on the monosaccharides join the two monomers together. Because of the removal of the water molecule from the ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The office of Public Analyst was established by the Adulteration of Food and Drink Act 1860 (23 & 24 Vict. c. 84), the first three appointments being in London, Birmingham and Dublin. The first Scottish analyst was Henry Littlejohn in Edinburgh in 1862, who, with a strong medicinal background and brilliant mind, establ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Electrochemical regeneration of activated carbon adsorbents such as granular activated carbon present an alternative to thermal regeneration or land filling at the end of useful adsorbent life. Continuous adsorption-electrochemical regeneration encompasses the adsorption and regeneration steps, typically separated in t... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Viscimation is the turbulence when liquids of different viscosities mix,
particularly the formation of vortices (also known as "viscimetric whorls") and visible separate threads of the different liquids.
The term viscimation is archaic and idiosyncratic to whisky tasting; their study (or appreciation) is called viscime... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
According to Spanish scholar González Echeverría in several communications in the ISHM, the John M. Riddle Anonymous B (De Materia Medica of 1543) would be Michael Servetus, and that the Anonymous D (De Materia Medica of 1554 of Mattioli plus non-signed commentaries) is two commentarians, Servetus and Mattioi, being th... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In case (b), the spin-orbit coupling is weak or non-existent (in the case ). In this case, we take and and assume precesses quickly around the internuclear axis.
The good quantum numbers in case (b) are , , , and . We express the rotational energy operator as , where is a rotational constant. The rotational leve... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Laminins are non-collagenous proteins found in basement membranes and form networks through non-covalent self-interactions. Nidogens (also known as entactins) are sulfated monomeric glycoproteins that are ubiquitously present in basement membranes of higher organisms. Nidogens help with the formation of the basement. W... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
To calculate the breakthrough voltage, a homogeneous electrical field is assumed. This is the case in a parallel-plate capacitor setup. The electrodes may have the distance . The cathode is located at the point .
To get impact ionization, the electron energy must become greater than the ionization energy of the gas a... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Heavy water, DO, self-ionizes less than normal water, HO;
:DO + DO DO + OD
This is due to the equilibrium isotope effect, a quantum mechanical effect attributed to oxygen forming a slightly stronger bond to deuterium because the larger mass of deuterium results in a lower zero-point energy.
Expressed with activities a... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Another possible model for fusion pore formation is the protein-lined pore theory. In this model, after activation of synaptotagmin by calcium, several SNARE complexes come together to form a ring structure, with synaptobrevin forming the pore in the vesicle membrane and Syntaxin forming the pore in the cell membrane.... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.