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*Nobel Prize in Physics, with Marie Curie and Henri Becquerel (1903)
*Davy Medal, with Marie Curie (1903)
*Matteucci Medal, with Marie Curie (1904)
*Elliott Cresson Medal (1909) awarded posthumously during Marie Curie's award ceremony
* Citation for Chemical Breakthrough Award from the Division of History of Chemistry ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Assay sensitivity for a non-inferiority trial may depend upon the chosen margin of inferiority ruled out by the trial, and the design of the planned non-inferiority trial. The chosen margin of inferiority in a non-inferiority trial cannot be larger than the largest effect size which the control intervention reliably a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
After he went to Germany from Estonia in 1941 he began his studies of chemistry in 1949 at the University of Tübingen until 1951. He became Dr. rer. nat. in 1954 at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. He did his habilitation 1960 at the same university. After a short but very successful career in industry at Ba... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In the ideal regime, the usual ideal-gas behavior is qualitatively recovered. For an ideal gas, in fact, the value of the fundamental derivative reduces to the constant value , where is the heat capacity ratio. By definition, is the ratio between the constant pressure and the constant volume specific heats, so it is ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A common kind of hydrolysis occurs when a salt of a weak acid or weak base (or both) is dissolved in water. Water spontaneously ionizes into hydroxide anions and hydronium cations. The salt also dissociates into its constituent anions and cations. For example, sodium acetate dissociates in water into sodium and acetate... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
This is a special category of chain-growth supramolecular polymerization, where the monomer nucleates only in an early stage of polymerization to generate "seeds" and becomes active for polymer chain elongation upon further addition of a new batch of monomer. A secondary nucleation is suppressed in most of the case an... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Arsenic is a cause of mortality throughout the world; associated problems include heart, respiratory, gastrointestinal, liver, nervous and kidney diseases.
Arsenic interferes with cellular longevity by allosteric inhibition of an essential metabolic enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex, which catalyzes the oxida... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The occultists who were responsible for the popularization of the paraphrase generally understood it in the context of Emanuel Swedenborg's (1688–1772) doctrine of the correspondence between different planes of existence, a strongly elaborated version of the classical macrocosm–microcosm analogy. This interpretation wa... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Much of the Martian surface is deeply covered by dust as fine as talcum powder. The global predominance of dust obscures the underlying bedrock, making spectroscopic identification of primary minerals impossible from orbit over many areas of the planet. The red/orange appearance of the dust is caused by iron(III) oxide... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The development of fluorometers allowed chlorophyll fluorescence analysis to become a common method in plant research. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis has been revolutionized by the invention of the Pulse-Amplitude-Modulation (PAM) technique and availability of the first commercial modulated chlorophyll fluorometer ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Joule heating is referred to as ohmic heating or resistive heating because of its relationship to Ohms Law. It forms the basis for the large number of practical applications involving electric heating. However, in applications where heating is an unwanted by-product of current use (e.g., load losses in electrical trans... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
There are nine sugar nucleotides in humans which act as glycosyl donors and they can be classified depending on the type of the nucleoside forming them:
*Uridine Diphosphate: UDP-α-D-Glc, UDP-α-D-Gal, UDP-α-D-GalNAc, UDP-α-D-GlcNAc, UDP-α-D-GlcA, UDP-α-D-Xyl
*Guanosine Diphosphate: GDP-α-D-Man, GDP-β-L-Fuc.
*Cytidine M... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Graphene is viable for photothermal therapy. An 808 nm laser at a power density of 2 W/cm was used to irradiate the tumor sites on mice for 5 minutes. As noted by the authors, the power densities of lasers used to heat gold nanorods range from 2 to 4 W/cm. Thus, these nanoscale graphene sheets require a laser power on ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Local hormones are a large group of signaling molecules that do not circulate within the blood. Local hormones are produced by nerve and gland cells and bind to either neighboring cells or the same type of cell that produced them. Local hormones are activated and inactivated quickly. They are released during physical w... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Stray light is unwanted wavelength radiation reaching the incorrect detector element. It generates erroneous electronic counts not related to designed spectral signal for the pixel or element of the detector array. It can come from light scatter and reflection of imperfect optical elements as well as higher order diffr... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Carbon tetrachloride was widely used as a fumigant to kill insect pests in stored grain. It was employed in a mixture known as 80/20, that was 80% carbon tetrachloride and 20% carbon disulfide. The United States Environmental Protection Agency banned its use in 1985.
Another carbon tetrachloride fumigant preparation mi... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Biological probe or bio-probes are used to collect samples for microbiological analysis. Microorganisms can accelerate the corrosion process, so monitoring the corrosion caused by them is effective in timely notification and preventive measures. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In vertebrates the bc complex, or Complex III, contains 11 subunits: 3 respiratory subunits, 2 core proteins and 6 low-molecular weight proteins. Proteobacterial complexes may contain as few as three subunits. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
An isothermal titration calorimeter is composed of two identical cells made of a highly efficient thermally conducting and chemically inert material such as Hastelloy alloy or gold, surrounded by an adiabatic jacket. Sensitive thermopile/thermocouple circuits are used to detect temperature differences between the refer... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Scheele was born in Stralsund, in western Pomerania, which at the time was a Swedish Dominion inside the Holy Roman Empire. Scheele's father, Joachim (or Johann) Christian Scheele, was a grain dealer and brewer from a respected Pomeranian family. His mother was Margaretha Eleanore Warnekros.
Friends of Scheeles parents... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Though the effects of transposition can sometimes manifest phenotypically, and indeed, this effect led to their discovery, transposons can be difficult for the cellular machinery to detect. Many TEs contain stretches of genuine coding DNA, copied from the host, and there is no distinct structure, code, or identifying c... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The FutureGen Industrial Alliance is a consortium of 10 power producers and electric utilities from around the globe. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Metallabenzene complexes have been classified into three varieties; in such compounds, the parent acyclic hydrocarbon ligand is viewed as the anion CH. The 6 π electrons in the metallacycle conform to the Hückel (4n+2) theory. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Self-regulating heat tracing tapes are cables whose resistance varies with temperature - low resistance for temperatures below the cable set point and high resistance for temperatures above the cable set point. When the cable temperature reaches the set point, the resistance reaches a high point, resulting in no more h... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
NADH is oxidized into NAD, H ions, and electrons by an enzyme. FADH is also oxidized into H ions, electrons, and FAD. As those electrons travel farther through the electron transport chain in the inner membrane, energy is gradually released and used to pump the hydrogen ions from the splitting of NADH and FADH into the... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The idea of hydrogen in the nascent state having chemical properties different from those of molecular hydrogen developed the mid-19th century. Alexander Williamson repeatedly refers to nascent hydrogen in his textbook Chemistry for Students, for example writing of the substitution reaction of carbon tetrachloride wit... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Phosphatidylethanols (PEth) are a group of phospholipids formed only in the presence of ethanol via the action of phospholipase D (PLD). It accumulates in blood and is removed slowly, making it a useful biomarker for alcohol consumption. PEth is also thought to contribute to the symptoms of alcohol intoxication. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
If we evaluate the molecular revolution within the context of biological history, it is easy to note that it is the culmination of a long process which began with the first observations through a microscope. The aim of these early researchers was to understand the functioning of living organisms by describing their org... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A widely accepted explanation is that there is a stabilizing interaction (hyperconjugation) between the unshared electron pair on the endocyclic heteroatom (within the sugar ring) and the σ* orbital of the axial (exocyclic) C–X bond. This causes the molecule to align the donating lone pair of electrons antiperiplanar (... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
An assay is an investigative (analytic) procedure in laboratory medicine, mining, pharmacology, environmental biology and molecular biology for qualitatively assessing or quantitatively measuring the presence, amount, or functional activity of a target entity. The measured entity is often called the analyte, the measur... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A foam is said to be stochastic when the porosity distribution is random. Most foams are stochastic because of the method of manufacture:
* Foaming of liquid or solid (powder) metal
* Vapor deposition (CVD on a random matrix )
* Direct or indirect random casting of a mold containing beads or matrix | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The fundamental problem of cartography is that no map from the sphere to the plane can accurately represent both angles and areas. In general, area-preserving map projections are preferred for statistical applications, while angle-preserving (conformal) map projections are preferred for navigation.
Stereographic projec... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
There are several associations managed by school's students :
- lAmicale (BDE) (or Student Union ): It manages the associative and festive life of the school, organizes students foyers functioning, publishes students directory and organizes events like, for example, new students integrations weekend. About ten clubs ex... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
NPP2, known in humans as autotaxin, acts primarily in cell motility pathways. With its active site functioning, NPP2 promotes cellular migration at picomolar concentrations. Soluble splice variants of NPP2 are thought to be important to cancer metastasis, and also show angiogenic properties in tumors. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Affinine is a monoterpenoid indole alkaloid which can be isolated from plants of the genus Tabernaemontana. Structurally it can be considered a member of the vobasine alkaloid family and may be synthesized from tryptophan. Limited pharmacological testing has indicated that it may be an effective inhibitor of both acety... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A foil is a solid object with a shape such that when placed in a moving fluid at a suitable angle of attack the lift (force generated perpendicular to the fluid flow) is substantially larger than the drag (force generated parallel to the fluid flow). If the fluid is a gas, the foil is called an airfoil or aerofoil, an... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
As a trivalent transition metal, yttrium forms various inorganic compounds, generally in the oxidation state of +3, by giving up all three of its valence electrons. A good example is yttrium(III) oxide (), also known as yttria, a six-coordinate white solid.
Yttrium forms a water-insoluble fluoride, hydroxide, and oxala... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The receptor occupancy model, which describes agonist and competitive antagonists, was built on the work of Langley, Hill, and Clark. The occupancy model was the first model put forward by Clark to explain the activity of drugs at receptors and quantified the relationship between drug concentration and observed effect.... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
This list covers common isotopes, most of which are available in very small quantities to the general public in most countries. Others that are not publicly accessible are traded commercially in industrial, medical, and scientific fields and are subject to government regulation. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Proteins are functional macromolecules responsible for catalysing the biochemical reactions that sustain life. Proteins carry out all functions of an organism, for example photosynthesis, neural function, vision, and movement.
The single-stranded nature of protein molecules, together with their composition of 20 or mor... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Fumaric acid is produced based on catalytic isomerisation of maleic acid in aqueous solutions at low pH. It precipitates from the reaction solution. Maleic acid is accessible in large volumes as a hydrolysis product of maleic anhydride, produced by catalytic oxidation of benzene or butane. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Common pigments used in phosphorescent materials include zinc sulfide and strontium aluminate. Use of zinc sulfide for safety related products dates back to the 1930s.
The development of strontium aluminate pigments in 1993 was spurred on by the need to find a substitute for glow-in-the-dark materials with high luminan... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
*Saving on capital expenditure while benefiting from new technologies
* Optimization of existing plant components
* Adaptation of the plant for new or changed products
* Increase in piece number and cycle time
* Guaranteed spare parts availability
* Reduced maintenance costs and increased reliability | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Again, we can derive the small-disturbance limit for sound waves in a moving medium. Again, starting with
We can linearize these into | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In ammoxidation, a hydrocarbon is partially oxidized in the presence of ammonia. This conversion is practiced on a large scale for acrylonitrile:
In the production of acrylonitrile, a side product is acetonitrile. On an industrial scale, several derivatives of benzonitrile, phthalonitrile, as well as Isobutyronitrile a... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
While Diet Coke and Mentos are the most common way to make a soda geyser, they are not the only options. Many consider Diet Coke to be the optimal option. While Diet Coke has been studied and suggested that it has the strongest effect, at least one other study has demonstrated that all diet sodas essentially work equa... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Ketone levels can be measured by testing urine, blood or breath. There are limitations in directly comparing these methods as they measure different ketone bodies. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The possibility has been proposed and studied, both theoretically and experimentally, of implementing an orthogonal system inside cells independent of the cellular genetic material in order to make a completely safe system, with the possible increase in encoding potentials.
Several groups have focused on different aspe... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Two types mannose-6-phosphate can recognize phosphorylated saccharide. One is cation-dependent and the other does not require cation to activate. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Cobalt carbonyl and rhodium complexes catalyse the hydroformylation of formaldehyde and ethylene oxide to give hydroxyacetaldehyde and 3-hydroxypropanal, which can then be hydrogenated to ethylene glycol and propane-1,3-diol, respectively. The reactions work best when the solvent is basic (such as pyridine).
In the cas... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In an unsustainable system there is insufficient maintenance of the water networks, especially in the major pipe lines in urban areas. The system deteriorates and then needs rehabilitation or renewal.
Householders and sewage treatment plants can both make the water supply networks more efficient and sustainable. Major ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* Radiation Research Society Vice-President Elect (2023)
* Berkeley Lab Director’s Award for Exceptional Achievement in Tech Transfer (2022)
* UC Berkeley Kenneth N. Raymond Lectureship in Inorganic Chemistry (2022)
* Bakar Faculty Fellow (2021)
* DOE Secretary of Energy Achievement Honor Award - COVID-19 Clinical Test... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Nuclear fission products are the atomic fragments left after a large atomic nucleus undergoes nuclear fission. Typically, a large nucleus like that of uranium fissions by splitting into two smaller nuclei, along with a few neutrons, the release of heat energy (kinetic energy of the nuclei), and gamma rays. The two smal... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Several pyridine derivatives play important roles in biological systems. While its biosynthesis is not fully understood, nicotinic acid (vitamin B) occurs in some bacteria, fungi, and mammals. Mammals synthesize nicotinic acid through oxidation of the amino acid tryptophan, where an intermediate product, the aniline de... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
One of the earliest ideas for the use of π-conjugated molecules in molecular computation was proposed by Ari Aviram from IBM in 1988. The motivation for this work was to develop theoretical models for mixed-valence type-σ-π-σ-bonded molecules and explore their stereochemical properties for potential applications in mol... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Journal of Photochemistry was established in 1972 under founding editor-in-chief Richard P. Wayne. Originally published quarterly, by 1987 frequency had increased to monthly.
In 1986, the 38th Council of the American Society for Photobiology (ASP) established a committee to investigate the proposal that the Europea... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Epicurus (341–270 BCE) studied atomism with Nausiphanes who had been a student of Democritus. Although Epicurus was certain of the existence of atoms and the void, he was less sure we could adequately explain specific natural phenomena such as earthquakes, lightning, comets, or the phases of the Moon. Few of Epic... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Neutral alanes are not nucleophilic enough to deliver organic groups to electrophilic substrates. However, upon activation by a nucleophile, the resulting aluminates are highly nucleophilic and add to electrophiles with retention of configuration at the migration carbon. Thus, stereospecific hydroalumination followed b... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The International Generic Sample Number or IGSN is a persistent identifier for sample. As an active persistent identifier it can be resolved through the Handle System. The system is used in production by the System for Earth Sample Registration (SESAR), Geoscience Australia, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Resea... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In engineering, the mass transfer coefficient is a diffusion rate constant that relates the mass transfer rate, mass transfer area, and concentration change as driving force:
Where:
* is the mass transfer coefficient [mol/(s·m)/(mol/m)], or m/s
* is the mass transfer rate [mol/s]
* is the effective mass transfer area [... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Catalytic rate enhancement via dynamic perturbation of surface active sites has been demonstrated experimentally with dynamic electrocatalysis and dynamic photocatalysis. Those results may be explained in the framework of catalytic resonance theory but conclusive evidence is still lacking:
* In 1978, the electro-oxidat... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The city of Oslo, Norway installed a system for converting domestic food waste to fuel in 2012. A thermal hydrolysis system produces biogas from the food waste, which provides fuel for the city bus system and is also used for agricultural fertilizer. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Nickel(II) iodide is an inorganic compound with the formula NiI. This paramagnetic black solid dissolves readily in water to give bluish-green solutions, from which crystallizes the aquo complex [Ni(HO)]I (image above). This bluish-green colour is typical of hydrated nickel(II) compounds. Nickel iodides find some appl... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In multiphase reactors, the flow regime gives information about the behaviour of the gas phase and its interaction with the continuous liquid phase. The flow regime can vary significantly depending on several factors, including gas and liquid flow rates, geometric aspects of the column (column diameter, column height, ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
SIR proteins are conserved from yeast to humans, and lend their name to a class of mammalian histone deacetylases (Sirtuins, homologs of Sir2). Sirtuins have been implicated in myriad human traits including Alzheimer's and diabetes, and have been proposed to regulate of lifespan. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
KhAB-500s were typically filled with yperite (R-5) or phosgene (R-10). It was in diameter and about long. Its loaded weight was about including roughly of chemical agent and a impact-fused burst charge.
Upon detonation, the KhAB-500 R-10 would create a hemispherical cloud of gas with a radius of . In ideal weather... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Although there is a large number of simple known ABX perovskites, this number can be greatly expanded if the A and B sites are increasingly doubled / complex AA’BB’X. Ordered double perovskites are usually denoted as ABB’O where disordered are denoted as A(BB’)O. In ordered perovskites, three different types of orderin... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
TCF7L2 is a transcription factor influencing the transcription of several genes thereby exerting a large variety of functions within the cell. It is a member of the TCF family that can form a bipartite transcription factor (β-catenin/TCF) alongside β-catenin. Bipartite transcription factors can have large effects on th... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The natural ability of nanoparticles to self-assemble can be replicated in systems that do not intrinsically self-assemble. Directed self-assembly (DSA) attempts to mimic the chemical properties of self-assembling systems, while simultaneously controlling the thermodynamic system to maximize self-assembly. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Figure 1 shows four isotherms of the van der Waals equation (abbreviated as vdW) on a pressure, molar volume plane. The essential character of these curves is that:
# at some critical temperature, the slope is negative, , everywhere except at a single point, the critical point, , where both the slope and curvature ar... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Eschweiler–Clarke reaction is a method for methylation of amines. This method avoids the risk of quaternization, which occurs when amines are methylated with methyl halides. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Pipes are used extensively in commercial and industrial buildings and on industrial plant (e.g. oil refineries) to transfer fluids between items of plant and equipment. Positive identification assists operations personnel to correctly identify plant when carrying out routine or maintenance activities, and for emergency... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) are circular DNA molecules, usually about 7kb in length, that are capable of holding inserts up to 300kb in size. BAC vectors contain a replicon derived from E. coli F factor, which ensures they are maintained at one copy per cell. Once an insert is ligated into a BAC, the BAC is... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
It was Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation in which he proposed an unknown universal law for radiation that led Max Planck to the discovery of the quantum of action leading to quantum mechanics. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The "push" in the intercropping scheme is provided by the plants that emit volatile chemicals (kairomones) which repel stemborer moths and drive them away from the main crop (maize or sorghum). The most commonly used species of push plants are legumes of the genus Desmodium (e.g. silverleaf Desmodium, D. uncinatum, and... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* Reduced water requirements as compared to raceway or pond aquaculture systems.
* Reduced land needs due to the high stocking density
* Site selection flexibility and independence from a large, clean water source.
* Reduction in wastewater effluent volume.
* Increased biosecurity and ease in treating disease outbreaks... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The CompTox Chemicals Dashboard database contains high quality chemical structures and information that have been extensively curated and quality checked, which can be used as a resource for analytical scientists involved in structure identification.
Chemical hazard data in the dashboard comes from both traditional la... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Another use is in the estimation of gas holdup in a bubble column. In a bubble column, the gas holdup (fraction of a bubble column that is gas at a given time) can be estimated by:
where:
* is the gas holdup fraction
* is the Eötvos number
* is the Froude number
* is the diameter of holes in the column's spargers (ho... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Thomas Whitwell (24 October 1837 – 5 August 1878) was a British engineer, inventor and metallurgist.
Known as Tom, he was the third son of William and Sarah Whitwell of Kendal. Tom was initially educated at home via private tutors he was sent to the Quaker run York School at 10 years old. In 1858, at 16, he travelle... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Single-cell transcriptomic assays have allowed reconstruction development trajectories. Branching of these trajectories describes cell differentiation. Various methods have been developed for reconstructing branching developmental trajectories from single-cell transcriptomic data. They use various advanced mathematical... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Non-Kekulé molecules with two formal radical centers (non-Kekulé diradicals) can be classified into non-disjoint and disjoint by the shape of their two non-bonding molecular orbitals (NBMOs).
Both NBMOs of molecules with non-disjoint characteristics such as trimethylenemethane have electron density at the same atom. Ac... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinase catalyzes in vivo ATP-dependent synthesis of ribo- and deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates. In mutated Escherichia coli that had a disrupted nucleoside diphosphate kinase, adenylate kinase performed dual enzymatic functions. ADK complements nucleoside diphosphate kinase deficiency. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The anions of orthophosphoric acid are orthophosphate (commonly called simply "phosphate") , monohydrogen phosphate , and dihydrogen phosphate . | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Letting , the momentum of the particle, the integrated Boltzmann equation becomes the conservation of momentum equation:
where is the pressure tensor (the viscous stress tensor plus the hydrostatic pressure). | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In every experiment, it is important to determine the relative concentration of the protein in question, ammonium persulfate, and Tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)dichlororuthenium(II) hexahydrate that will be used in the protein cross-linking experiment. Previous experiments have shown that for amyloid β-protein (Aβ), the peptide ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In physics, backscatter (or backscattering) is the reflection of waves, particles, or signals back to the direction from which they came. It is usually a diffuse reflection due to scattering, as opposed to specular reflection as from a mirror, although specular backscattering can occur at normal incidence with a surfac... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Environmentalists such as Dan Becker, director of the Sierra Clubs Global Warming and Energy Program, believes that the term clean coal is misleading: "There is no such thing as clean coal and there never will be. Its an oxymoron." The Sierra Club's Coal Campaign has launched a site refuting the clean coal statements a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Another problem of the parts-per notation is that it may refer to mass fraction, mole fraction or volume fraction. Since it is usually not stated which quantity is used, it is better to write the units out, such as kg/kg, mol/mol or m/m, even though they are all dimensionless. The difference is quite significant when d... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Gustavs Vanags was born in "Rungas" house of the Schnicken (Sniķeru) manor (now in Ukri Parish, Auce Municipality). He received primary education in the Mitau Classic Gymnasium, and in 1910 enrolled Riga Polytechnic Institute. During the First World War, he, among many, went in evacuation to the inner regions of Russia... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
*1896 - 1899 : Charles Friedel
*1899 - 1907 : Henri Moissan (Nobel Prize in chemistry)
*1907 - 1908 : collective direction
*1908 - 1928 : Camille Chabrié
*1928 - 1938 : Georges Urbain (member of the French Academy of Sciences)
*1938 - 1950 : Louis Hackspill
*1950 - 1961 : Georges Chaudron (member of the French Academy ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Although the pathogenic role of ANCA is still controversial, in vitro and animal models support the idea that the antibodies have a direct pathological role in the formation of small vessel vasculitides. MPO and PR3 specific ANCA can activate neutrophils and monocytes through their Fc and Fab'2 receptors, which can be ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* by expression: expressive therapy
** by writing: writing therapy
*** journal therapy
* by play: play therapy
* by art: art therapy
** sensory art therapy
** comic book therapy
* by gardening: horticultural therapy
* by dance: dance therapy
* by drama: drama therapy
* by recreation: recreational therapy
* by music: mu... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Throughout his career, Trefonas has focused on materials science and the chemistry of photolithography. By understanding the chemistry of photoresists used in lithography, he has been able to develop anti-reflective coatings and polymer photoresists that support finely-tuned etching used in the production of integrated... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Iminium cations adopt alkene-like geometries: the central C=N unit is nearly coplanar with all four substituents. Unsymmetrical iminium cations can exist as cis and trans isomers. The C=N bonds, which are near 129 picometers in length, are shorter than C-N single bonds. Cis/trans isomers are observed. The C=N distanc... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In an ideal conductor, where atoms are arranged in a perfect lattice structure, the electrons moving through it would experience no collisions and electromigration would not occur. In real conductors, defects in the lattice structure and the random thermal vibration of the atoms about their positions causes electrons ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Transcription of the msl-2 transcript is regulated by multiple binding sites for fly Sxl at the 5′ UTR. In particular, these poly-uracil sites are located close to a small intron that is spliced in males, but kept in females through splicing inhibition. This splicing inhibition is maintained by Sxl. When present, Sxl w... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
There are over 16 million dams in the world that alter carbon transport from rivers to oceans. Using data from the Global Reservoirs and Dams database, which contains approximately 7000 reservoirs that hold 77% of the total volume of water held back by dams (8000 km), it is estimated that the delivery of carbon to the... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
As higher amounts of alkali leach from the glass cracks are likely to become deeper. Crizzling is a distinctive network of fine cracks in the glass which is visible to the naked eye.
In some cases, the crazing can gain a more uniform appearance. However, crizzling may not be uniform due to the creation of micro-climat... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Cytochrome c is an essential component of the respiratory electron transport chain in mitochondria. The heme group of cytochrome c accepts electrons from the bc Complex III and transports them to Complex IV, while it transfers energy in the opposite direction.
Cytochrome c can also catalyze several redox reactions such... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In a broad academic audience, the concept of the evolution of the genetic code from the original and ambiguous genetic code to a well-defined ("frozen") code with the repertoire of 20 (+2) canonical amino acids is widely accepted.
However, there are different opinions, concepts, approaches and ideas, which is the best ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
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