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The premise behind these skimmers is that a high pressure pump combined with a venturi, can be used to introduce the bubbles into the water stream. The tank water is pumped through the venturi, in which fine bubbles are introduced via pressure differential, then enters the skimmer body. This method was popular due to... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The collective–amoeboid transition (CMT) is a process by which collective multicellular groups dissociate into amoeboid single cells following the down-regulation of integrins. CMTs contrast with epithelial–mesenchymal transitions (EMT) which occur following a loss of E-cadherin. Like EMTs, CATs are involved in the inv... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The reason for the dot product is as follows. The only volume flowing through the cross-section is the amount normal to the area, that is, parallel to the unit normal. This amount is
where is the angle between the unit normal and the velocity vector of the substance elements. The amount passing through the cross-sec... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Electrohydrodynamic droplet deformation is a phenomenon that occurs when liquid droplets suspended in a second immiscible liquid are exposed to an oscillating electric field. Under these conditions, the droplet will periodically deform between prolate and oblate ellipsoidal shapes. The characteristic frequency and magn... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
It is possible to determine how much carbamino is formed through the techniques of electron ionization and mass spectrometry. In determining the amount of product by mass spectrometry, a careful set of instructions are followed which allows for the carbamino adducts to be transferred to a vacuum for mass spectrometry. ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Gillian Reid (born 1964) is a British chemist who is Professor of Inorganic Chemistry and former Head of the Department of Chemistry at the University of Southampton. Her research considers coordination chemistry, inorganic semiconductors and metal fluoride scaffolds. In 2020, she was appointed the President-elect of ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Electromigrated nanogaps are gaps formed in metallic bridges formed by the process of electromigration. A nanosized contact formed by electromigration acts like a waveguide for electrons. The nanocontact essentially acts like a one-dimensional wire with a conductance of . The current in a wire is the velocity of the el... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The zone plate microscope uses a zone plate (that acts roughly like as a classical lens) instead of a pinhole to focus the atom beam into a small focal spot. This means that the beam width equation changes significantly (see below).
Here, is the zone plate magnification and is the width of the smallest zone. Note the... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The formation of new blood capillaries is an important component of pathological tissue repair in response to ischemia. The angiogenic process is complex and involves endothelial cell (EC) movement and proliferation.
SFRP1 has been shown to have a role in new vascularization after an ischemic event and as a potent ang... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A linear biochemical pathway is a chain of enzyme-catalyzed reaction steps. The figure below shows a three step pathway, with intermediates, and . In order to sustain a steady-state, the boundary species and are fixed.
At steady-state the rate of reaction is the same at each step. This means there is an overall flux... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Flickering analysis of cellular or membranous structures is a widespread technique for measuring the bending modulus and other properties from the power spectrum of thermal fluctuations.
First demonstrated theoretically by Brochard and Lennon in 1975, flickering spectroscopy has become a widespread technique due to its... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
These drugs fall into two groups:
*Non-depolarizing blocking agents: These agents constitute the majority of the clinically relevant neuromuscular blockers. They act by competitively blocking the binding of ACh to its receptors, and in some cases, they also directly block the ionotropic activity of the ACh receptors.
... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Hyperpolarization is a change in a cell's membrane potential that makes it more negative. It is the opposite of a depolarization. It inhibits action potentials by increasing the stimulus required to move the membrane potential to the action potential threshold.
Hyperpolarization is often caused by efflux of K (a catio... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Terahertz spectroscopy detects and controls properties of matter with electromagnetic fields that are in the frequency range between a few hundred gigahertz and several terahertz (abbreviated as THz). In many-body systems, several of the relevant states have an energy difference that matches with the energy of a THz ph... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In chemistry, a reagent ( ) or analytical reagent is a substance or compound added to a system to cause a chemical reaction, or test if one occurs. The terms reactant and reagent are often used interchangeably, but reactant specifies a substance consumed in the course of a chemical reaction. Solvents, though involved i... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A helical wheel is a type of plot or visual representation used to illustrate the properties of alpha helices in proteins.
The sequence of amino acids that make up a helical region of the protein's secondary structure are plotted in a rotating manner where the angle of rotation between consecutive amino acids is 100°,... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A research group led by Professor Lars Berglund from Swedish KTH University along with a University of Maryland research group led by Professor Liangbing Hu have developed a method to remove the color and some chemicals from small blocks of wood, followed by adding polymers, such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Gilchrist–Thomas process or Thomas process is a historical process for refining pig iron, derived from the Bessemer converter. It is named after its inventors who patented it in 1877: Percy Carlyle Gilchrist and his cousin Sidney Gilchrist Thomas. By allowing the exploitation of phosphorous iron ore, the most abund... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Marine carbonate ooids are formed in warm, supersaturated, shallow, highly agitated marine water intertidal environments, and their presence in geological records provides a key role in paleoclimatic and paleogeographic reconstructions. Huang et al. (2017), for example, based on the distribution of Permian ooids and gl... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The National Poisons Information Service is an information service commissioned by Public Health England on behalf of the UK health departments. Poisoning accounts for 1% of NHS admissions. Pesticides used in agriculture (particularly organophosphorus insecticides) are extremely toxic, but 87% of around 120,000 annual ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Trichlorofluoromethane, also called freon-11, CFC-11, or R-11, is a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC). It is a colorless, faintly ethereal, and sweetish-smelling liquid that boils around room temperature. CFC-11 is a Class 1 ozone-depleting substance which allegedly damages Earth's protective stratospheric ozone layer. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Xenin is a 25-amino acid polypeptide. The amino acid sequence of xenin is identical to the N-terminal end of cytoplasmic coatomer subunit alpha, from which xenin can be cleaved by aspartic proteases. Xenin is structurally related to the amphibian peptide xenopsin and to the neuropeptide neurotensin.
Surpassed by insuli... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Transfer stations are intermediary drop off locations often used where treatment facilities are located too far away from population centers to make direct disposal feasible. In other locations, traffic concerns or local truck bans during daylight hours may make transfer stations feasible. In addition, municipalities w... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The journal is abstracted and indexed by:
*Cambridge Structural Database
*Chemical Abstracts Service
*Current Contents/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences
*Index Medicus/MEDLINE/PubMed
*Inspec
*PASCAL
*Science Citation Index Expanded
*Scopus
*VINITI Database RAS
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal h... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In 1942, the Metallurgical Laboratory at the University of Chicago was building the worlds first nuclear reactor called Chicago Pile-1' as part of the Manhattan Project. This would have required an enormous number of graphite blocks and uranium pellets. At the time, there was a limited source of pure uranium. Frank Spe... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The radioisotope carbon-14 is constantly formed from nitrogen-14 (N) in the higher atmosphere by incoming cosmic rays which generate neutrons. These neutrons collide with N to produce C which then combines with oxygen to form CO. This radioactive CO spreads through the lower atmosphere and the oceans where it is absorb... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Couette flow orientation system is the most widely used method of sample orientation for UV LD. It has a number of characteristics which make it highly suitable as a method of sample alignment. Couette flow is currently the only established means of orientating molecules in the solution phase. This method also r... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Atomic electron transitions cause the emission or absorption of photons. Their statistics are Poissonian, and the time between jumps is exponentially distributed. The damping time constant (which ranges from nanoseconds to a few seconds) relates to the natural, pressure, and field broadening of spectral lines. The larg... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The first estimate of a nuclear charge radius was made by Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden in 1909, under the direction of Ernest Rutherford at the Physical Laboratories of the University of Manchester, UK. The famous experiment involved the scattering of α-particles by gold foil, with some of the particles being scatter... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
It is still unclear the ecological effects of lactonase but it has been proposed that since bacteria mostly coexist with other microorganisms in the environment, some bacteria strains could have evolved its feeding strategies and utilize AHLs as their main resource for energy and nitrogen. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Bolzano process is a means to reduce magnesium to metallic form. "Dolomite-ferrosilicon briquettes are stacked on a special charge support system through which internal electric heating is conducted to the charge. A complete reaction takes 20 to 24 hours at 1,200 °C."
In 2014, Brazilian operations produced 10-15 ki... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In addition to the traditional line-by-line spectroscopic absorption parameters, the HITRAN database contains information on absorption cross-sections where the line-by-line parameters are absent or incomplete. Typically HITRAN includes absorption cross-sections for heavy polyatomic molecules (with low-lying vibrationa... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
# Craddock P., 1995, Early Metal Mining and Production, Edinburgh University Press Ltd, Edinburgh
# Hauptmann A., T. Rehren & Schmitt-Strecker S., 2003, Early Bronze Age copper metallurgy at Shahr-i Sokhta (Iran), reconsidered, T. Stollner, G. Korlin, G. Steffens & J. Cierny, Eds., Man and mining, studies in honour of ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
cDNA libraries are commonly used when reproducing eukaryotic genomes, as the amount of information is reduced to remove the large numbers of non-coding regions from the library. cDNA libraries are used to express eukaryotic genes in prokaryotes. Prokaryotes do not have introns in their DNA and therefore do not possess ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Ye became interested in science fiction as a child. She was particularly interested in a story by Ye Yonglie that included a castle made from diamond. Ye learned that photocatalysis could split water into hydrogen and oxygen. She then became inspired by Jules Vernes The Mysterious Island', She studied chemistry at the ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Bis(chloromethyl) ether has been extensively used in chemical synthesis, primarily as a crosslinking agent in the manufacture of ion-exchange resins and in the textile industry. It was also used as a linker in the synthesis of certain nerve agent antidotes (asoxime chloride, obidoxime).
Bis(chloromethyl) was also effec... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Stem loop structures can sometimes be found in introns. mA residues located in these stem-loops weaken base-pairing interactions within the stem, thus altering the structure of the mRNA. This phenomenon is known as mA-Switch. The mA mark has an important role in alternative splicing, since it increases the accessibili... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Dextrorphan was under development for the treatment of stroke, and reached phase II clinical trials for this indication, but development was discontinued. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Drug checking or pill testing is a way to reduce the harm from drug consumption by allowing users to find out the content and purity of substances that they intend to consume. This enables users to make safer choices: to avoid more dangerous substances, to use smaller quantities, and to avoid dangerous combinations.
D... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
First flush is the initial surface runoff of a rainstorm. During this phase, water pollution entering storm drains in areas with high proportions of impervious surfaces is typically more concentrated compared to the remainder of the storm. Consequently, these high concentrations of urban runoff result in high levels of... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Superfluids, such as helium-4 below the lambda point, exhibit many unusual properties. A superfluid acts as if it were a mixture of a normal component, with all the properties of a normal fluid, and a superfluid component. The superfluid component has zero viscosity and zero entropy. Application of heat to a spot in su... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Carbon tetrachloride was widely used as a dry cleaning solvent, as a refrigerant, and in lava lamps. In the last case, carbon tetrachloride is a key ingredient that adds weight to the otherwise buoyant wax.
One speciality use of carbon tetrachloride was in stamp collecting, to reveal watermarks on postage stamps withou... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Some organic matter not already in the soil comes from groundwater. When the groundwater saturates the soil or sediment around it, organic matter can freely move between the phases. Groundwater has its own sources of natural organic matter including:
* organic matter deposits, such as kerogen and coal.
* soil and sedim... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A nanolattice is a synthetic porous material consisting of nanometer-size members patterned into an ordered lattice structure, like a space frame. The nanolattice is a newly emerged material class that has been rapidly developed over the last decade. Nanolattices redefine the limits of the material property space. Desp... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Especially for molecules exhibiting slowly relaxing (T) signals, the technique spin saturation transfer (SST) provides information on chemical exchange reactions. The method is widely applicable to fluxional molecules. This magnetization transfer technique provides rates, provided that they exceed 1/T. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Current muscle tissue engineering trends lead towards the development of skeletal muscle regeneration techniques over smooth muscle or cardiac muscle regeneration. A current trend found throughout literature is the treatment of Volumetric Muscle Loss (VML) using muscle tissue engineering techniques. VML is the result o... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Vesicular monoamine transporter 1 (VMAT1) also known as chromaffin granule amine transporter (CGAT) or solute carrier family 18 member 1 (SLC18A1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC18A1 gene. VMAT1 is an integral membrane protein, which is embedded in synaptic vesicles and serves to transfer monoamines, ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In the United States, Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulations recommend following American Society of Mechanical Engineers Standard A13.1-2015 - Scheme for the Identification of Piping Systems.
The standard states that labels should be placed where easily viewed by a person standing near the pipe at a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Analogous to 18-crown-6, 15-crown-5 binds to sodium ions. Thus, when treated with this complexing agent, sodium salts often become soluble in organic solvents.
First-row transition metal dications fit snugly inside the cavity of 15-crown-5. They are too small to be included in 18-crown-6. The binding of transition me... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
High light increases leaf thickness, either because of an increase in the number of cell layers within the leaf, and/or because of an increase in the cell size within a cell layer. The density of a leaf increases as well, and so does the leaf dry mass per area (LMA). There are also more stomata per mm2. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Many parameters and measurements in the physical sciences and engineering are expressed as a concrete number—a numerical quantity and a corresponding dimensional unit. Often a quantity is expressed in terms of several other quantities; for example, speed is a combination of length and time, e.g. 60 kilometres per hour ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In fluid dynamics, Taylor scraping flow is a type of two-dimensional corner flow occurring when one of the wall is sliding over the other with constant velocity, named after G. I. Taylor. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Often in non-Newtonian or pseudoplastic fluids, such as a digester with high solids concentration, it does make sense to use coarse bubble diffusers rather than fine bubble diffusers, due to the larger bubbles' ability to shear through more viscous wastewater.
However, over the past two decades, coarse bubble diffusers... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The main borate anions are:
* tetrahydroxyborate , found in sodium tetrahydroxyborate .
* orthoborate , found in trisodium orthoborate
* , found in the calcium yttrium borosilicate oxyapatite
* perborate , as in sodium perborate
* metaborate or its cyclic trimer , found in sodium metaborate
* diborate , found in ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Sialyl lewis x is important in ABO blood antigen determination.
SLex is also important to proper immune response. P-selectin release from Weibel-Palade bodies, on blood vessel endothelial cells, can be induced by a number of factors. One such factor is the response of the endothelial cell to certain bacterial molecules... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Halogenation of silyl enol ethers gives haloketones.
Acyloins form upon organic oxidation with an electrophilic source of oxygen such as an oxaziridine or mCPBA.
In the Saegusa–Ito oxidation, certain silyl enol ethers are oxidized to enones with palladium(II) acetate. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
β-Hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA), also known as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A, is an intermediate in the mevalonate and ketogenesis pathways. It is formed from acetyl CoA and acetoacetyl CoA by HMG-CoA synthase. The research of Minor J. Coon and Bimal Kumar Bachhawat in the 1950s at University of Illino... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Accessory pigments are light-absorbing compounds, found in photosynthetic organisms, that work in conjunction with chlorophyll a. They include other forms of this pigment, such as chlorophyll b in green algal and vascular ("higher") plant antennae, while other algae may contain chlorophyll c or d. In addition, there ar... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Another useful imaging mode is differential interference contrast (DIC), which is usually obtained with a system designed by the Polish physicist Georges Nomarski. This system gives the best detail. DIC converts minor height differences on the plane-of-polish, invisible in BF, into visible detail. The detail in some ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In this part of the experiment, Tamm et al. transfected 293 cells with survivin and lysed them to obtain cell lysate. The lysates were incubated with different caspase forms and survivin was immunopercipitated with anti-survivin antibody. The idea behind this is that, if survivin binds physically with the caspase it is... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The perilipins are considered to have their origins in a common ancestral gene which, during the first and second vertebrate genome duplication, gave rise to six types of PLIN genes. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A/LCI combines low-coherence interferometry with angle-resolved scattering to solve the inverse problem of determining scatterer geometry based on far field diffraction patterns. Similar to optical coherence domain reflectometry (OCDR) and optical coherence tomography (OCT), a/LCI uses a broadband light source in an in... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Lectins is a generic name for proteins with carbohydrate-recognizing domains (CRD). Although it became almost synonymous with glycan-binding proteins, it does not include antibodies which also belong to the class.
Lectins found in plants and fungi cells have been extensively used in research as a tool to detect, purify... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In humans, cAMP works by activating protein kinase A (PKA, cAMP-dependent protein kinase), one of the first few kinases discovered. It has four sub-units two catalytic and two regulatory. cAMP binds to the regulatory sub-units. It causes them to break apart from the catalytic sub-units. The catalytic sub-units make th... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
AMG 510 by Amgen is a KRAS p.G12C covalent inhibitor that has recently finished Phase I clinical trial. The drug elicited partial responses in half of evaluable patients with KRAS G12C-mutant non–small cell lung cancer, and led to stable disease in most evaluable patients with colorectal (or appendix) cancer. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
No process is possible whose sole result is the transfer of heat from a body of lower temperature to a body of higher temperature.
This statement for N-coupled heat baths in steady state becomes
A dynamical version of the II-law can be proven, based on Spohn's inequality:
which is valid for any L-GKS generator, with a ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Ligand-targeted liposomes are used for a variety of applications depending on the liposome, ligand, and liposome contents. Ligand-targeted liposomes can also be used for diagnostics through imaging. The liposomes can contain imaging agents to aid in visualization such as fluorescent dyes, labeling probes, and contrast ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Energy designs and manufactures custom welded hydraulic cylinders. It also designs and manufactures hydraulic valves, pumps, powerpacks and power systems. Energy's cylinders are used in construction, road machinery, forestry, man lift and hoist, industrial bailer, waste compacting, and agricultural industries. Energy m... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Proteorhodopsin (PR or pRhodopsin) was first discovered in 2000 within a bacterial artificial chromosome from previously uncultivated marine Gammaproteobacteria, still only referred to by their ribotype metagenomic data, SAR86. More species of Gammaproteobacteria, both Gram-positive and Gram-negative, were found to ex... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
About 600 regulatory sequences in promoters and about 800 regulatory sequences in enhancers appear to depend on double-strand breaks initiated by topoisomerase 2β (TOP2B) for activation. The induction of particular double-strand breaks is specific with respect to the inducing signal. When neurons are activated in vit... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Possibly the most common use of affinity chromatography is for the purification of recombinant proteins. Proteins with a known affinity are protein tagged in order to aid their purification. The protein may have been genetically modified so as to allow it to be selected for affinity binding; this is known as a fusion p... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The re-evaluation of single enantiomers not without problems. The chiral switches of fluoxetine and fenfluramine are classical examples. The development of (R )-fluoxetine was terminated after patients developed abnormal heart rhythms. The chiral switch of fenfluramine, dexfenfluramine was withdrawn from world marker ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
BCF is commercially synthesized in a two-step process from chloroform. Chloroform is fluorinated with hydrogen fluoride. The resulting chlorodifluoromethane is then reacted with elemental bromine at 400-600 °C, with reaction time limited to about 3 seconds. The overall yield is over 90%. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Dexpramipexole is the (D)-enantiomer of pramipexole. Enantiopure dexpramipexole has essentially no dopamine agonist activity and shares no other pharmacologic similarity to pramipexole. In contrast, pramipexole the (S)-enantiomer is a dopamine agonist and is an approved drug (Mirapex) used in Parkinson’s disease.
Dexpr... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The gonadotropin receptors are a group of receptors that bind a group of pituitary hormones called gonadotropins. They include the:
* Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) - binds follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
* Luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) - binds luteinizing hormone (LH) and human chorionic gonadotr... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Despite all the improvement in the waste and recovery processes there are still some challenges:
*Lack of incentive to recycle when inconvenient; opt-in and subscription models lead to low participation
*Rising material recovery facility fees and pressure from the waste management industry have caused some municipaliti... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Reaction bonded silicon carbide, also known as siliconized silicon carbide or SiSiC, is a type of silicon carbide that is manufactured by a chemical reaction between porous carbon or graphite with molten silicon. Due to the left over traces of silicon, reaction bonded silicon carbide is often referred to as siliconized... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Boron porphyrins are a variety of porphyrin, a common macrocycle used for photosensitization and metal trapping applications, that incorporate boron. The central four nitrogen atoms in a porphyrin macrocycle form a unique molecular pocket which is known to accommodate transition metals of various sizes and oxidation st... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The other context of agricultural issues involves the transport of agricultural chemicals (nitrates, phosphates, pesticides, herbicides, etc.) via surface runoff. This result occurs when chemical use is excessive or poorly timed with respect to high precipitation. The resulting contaminated runoff represents not only a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Many different amino acid side chains have been described as ADP-ribose acceptors. From a chemical perspective, this modification represents protein glycosylation: the transfer of ADP-ribose occurs onto amino acid side chains with a nucleophilic oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur, resulting in N-, O-, or S-glycosidic linkage ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In 1996, IUPAC held another meeting, reconsidered all names in hand, and accepted another set of recommendations; finally, it was approved and published in 1997 on the 39th IUPAC General Assembly in Geneva, Switzerland. Element 105 was named dubnium (Db), after Dubna in Russia, the location of the JINR; the American su... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Evans married Tommie Johnson in 1967. They had two children. Evans died on March 24, 2001, in Chapel Hill. The Slayton A. Evans Jr. Memorial Lecture Fund and the Slayton Evans Research Award were both named in his honor post-humously. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
"Redox" is a portmanteau of the words "reduction" and "oxidation". The term "redox" was first used in 1928.
The processes of oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously and cannot occur independently. In redox processes, the reductant transfers electrons to the oxidant. Thus, in the reaction, the reductant or reducing... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Rotary kilns started to be used for lime manufacture at the start of the 20th century and now account for a large proportion of new installations if energy costs are less important. The early use of simple rotary kilns had the advantages that a much wider range of limestone size could be used, from fines upwards, and u... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
NETA has been studied for use as a potential male hormonal contraceptive in combination with testosterone in men. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
2-Furoic acid is an organic compound, consisting of a furan ring and a carboxylic acid side-group. Along with other furans, its name is derived from the Latin word furfur, meaning bran, from which these compounds were first produced. The salts and esters of furoic acids are known as furoates. 2-Furoic acid is most wide... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Proteins without signal peptides can also be secreted by unconventional mechanisms. E.g. Interleukin, Galectin. The process by which such secretory proteins gain access to the cell exterior is termed unconventional protein secretion (UPS). In plants, even 50% of secreted proteins can be UPS dependent. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Many ylides react in sigmatropic reactions. The Sommelet-Hauser rearrangement is an example of a [2,3]-sigmatropic reaction. The Stevens rearrangement is a [1,2]-rearrangement.
A -sigmatropic reaction has been observed in certain phosphonium ylides. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The function of msDNA remains unknown even though many copies are present within cells. Knockout mutations that do not express msDNA are viable, so the production of msDNA is not essential to life under laboratory conditions. Over-expression of msDNA is mutagenic, apparently as a result of titrating out repair proteins... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Kubista was born to his medical doctor father in the former Czechoslovakia in 1961. His father received a scholarship and relocated to Sweden. At the age of 7 in 1968, Kubista went to Sweden to visit his father. However, on that very day, Russia invaded Czechoslovakia in the so called Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslov... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based Cl indicators consist of two fluorescent proteins, Cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) and YFP connected via a polypeptide linker. This allows ratiometric Cl measurements based on the Cl sensitivity of YFP and Cl insensivity of CFP. Clomeleon and Cl Sensor are FRET-based Cl ind... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In 1966, Harry G. Hecht (with Wesley W. Wendlandt) published a book entitled "Reflectance Spectroscopy", because "unlike transmittance spectroscopy, there were no reference books written on the subject" of "diffuse reflectance spectroscopy", and "the fundamentals were only to be found in the old literature, some of whi... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA receptor) – a type of ionotropic glutamate receptor – is a ligand-gated ion channel that is gated by the simultaneous binding of glutamate and a co-agonist (i.e., either D-serine or glycine). Studies show that the NMDA receptor is involved in regulating synaptic plasticity and me... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Two drugs having different targets in unrelated pathways that ultimately result in the desired therapeutic result are considered to have additive effects with independent actions. For example, artemisinin and curcumin both exert antimalarial effects. Artemisinin works by being metabolized in the body into active metabo... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Methyl fluoroacetate is produced and used as a chemical reagent and it can be released to the environment through several waste streams. When it was used as a rodenticide, it was released directly to the environment where it would be broken down in the air. If released to air, an estimated vapor pressure of 31 mmHg at ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Hybrid methods that rely on structural and ligand similarity were also developed to overcome the limitations of traditional VLS approaches. This methodologies utilizes evolution‐based ligand‐binding information to predict small-molecule binders and can employ both global structural similarity and pocket similarity. A g... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Observations of specific gravity and buoyancy were recorded by ancient Chinese philosophers. In the 4th century BCE Mencius describes the weight of the gold is equivalent to the feathers. In 3rd century CE, Cao Chong describes the story of weighing the elephant by observing displacement of the boats loaded with differ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Although the problem was first found in brass, any alloy containing copper will be susceptible to the problem. It includes copper itself (as used in pipe for example), bronzes and other alloys with a significant copper content. Like all problems with hairline cracks, detection in the early stages of attack is difficult... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A nitrate test is a chemical test used to determine the presence of nitrate ion in solution. Testing for the presence of nitrate via wet chemistry is generally difficult compared with testing for other anions, as almost all nitrates are soluble in water. In contrast, many common ions give insoluble salts, e.g. halides ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* National Science Foundation Career Award, 2007–2012
* Meade Endowment Honored Faculty, 2007–2008
* Eli Lilly Young Analytical Investigator Award, 2007
* American Chemical Society PROGRESS/Dreyfus Foundation Lectureship, 2008
* Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar, 2010
* Society for Electroanalytical Chemistry, Young Inve... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
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