text stringlengths 105 4.57k | label int64 0 1 | label_text stringclasses 2
values |
|---|---|---|
There are over 150 natural products that are presumed to undergo a [4+2] Diels–Alder type cycloaddition, belonging to classes such as: polyketides, terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, and alkaloids. The Diels–Alder cycloaddition involves the overlap of the p-orbitals of two unsaturated systems: a 1,3-diene and dienophile. ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
After successful formation of a stable nucleus, a growth stage ensues in which free particles (atoms or molecules) adsorb onto the nucleus and propagate its crystalline structure outwards from the nucleating site. This process is significantly faster than nucleation. The reason for such rapid growth is that real crysta... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Many supramolecular systems require their components to have suitable spacing and conformations relative to each other, and therefore easily employed structural units are required.
*Commonly used spacers and connecting groups include polyether chains, biphenyls and triphenyls, and simple alkyl chains. The chemistry for... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Protein methylation typically takes place on arginine or lysine amino acid residues in the protein sequence. Arginine can be methylated once (monomethylated arginine) or twice, with either both methyl groups on one terminal nitrogen (asymmetric dimethylarginine) or one on both nitrogens (symmetric dimethylarginine), by... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A dipole-induced dipole interaction (Debye force) is due to the approach of a molecule with a permanent dipole to another non-polar molecule with no permanent dipole. This approach causes the electrons of the non-polar molecule to be polarized toward or away from the dipole (or "induce" a dipole) of the approaching mol... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
With the advance of digital technologies, real time processing and applications of PIV became possible. For instance, GPUs can be used to speed up substantially the direct of Fourier transform based correlations of single interrogation windows. Similarly multi-processing, parallel or multi-threading processes on severa... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In physics, terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is a spectroscopic technique in which the properties of matter are probed with short pulses of terahertz radiation. The generation and detection scheme is sensitive to the sample's effect on both the amplitude and the phase of the terahertz radiation. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Nagai was born in Myōdō District, Awa Province in what is now Tokushima Prefecture, as the son of a doctor and started studying rangaku medicine at the Dutch Medical School of Nagasaki (Igaku-Denshujo) in 1864. While in Nagasaki, he made the acquaintance of Ōkubo Toshimichi, Itō Hirobumi, and other future leaders of th... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The consideration of energy quality was a fundamental driver of industrialization from the 18th through 20th centuries. Consider for example the industrialization of New England in the 18th century. This refers to the construction of textile mills containing power looms for weaving cloth. The simplest, most economical ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Peroxide fusion is used to prepare samples for inductively coupled plasma (ICP), atomic absorption (AA) analysis and wet chemistry. Sodium peroxide (NaO) is used to oxidize the sample that becomes soluble in a diluted acid solution. This method allows complete dissolution of numerous refractory compounds like chromite... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
If we attempt to build a densely packed collection of spheres, we will be tempted to always place the next sphere in a hollow between three packed spheres. If five spheres are assembled in this way, they will be consistent with one of the regularly packed arrangements described above. However, the sixth sphere placed i... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The working fluid's properties are essential for the full description of thermodynamic systems. Although working fluids have many physical properties which can be defined, the thermodynamic properties which are often required in engineering design and analysis are few. Pressure, temperature, enthalpy, entropy, specific... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The electric charge per mole of elementary charges is a constant called the Faraday constant, F, whose value had been essentially known since 1834 when Michael Faraday published his works on electrolysis. In 1910, Robert Millikan obtained the first measurement of the charge on an electron, −e. The quotient F/e provide... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In preparing a Walsh diagram, the geometry of a molecule must first be optimized for example using the Hartree–Fock (HF) method for approximating the ground-state wave function and ground-state energy of a quantum many-body system. Next, single-point energies are performed for a series of geometries displaced from the... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Among all the lithological indicators, ice-rafted debris (IRD) is the most useful tool to reconstruct paleoclimate. High concentrations of IRD evidence the glacial intervals during which icebergs likely traveled far from Polar Regions。In the South Pacific, IRD has been used as proxy for glaciation in the Cenozoic and a... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The heads of the laboratory were the four consecutive Waynflete Professors of Chemistry:
# William Henry Perkin, Jr., from 1912 to 1929;
# Sir Robert Robinson, from 1930 to 1954. Nobel Prize winner, 1947;
# Sir Ewart Jones, from 1954 to 1978;
# Sir Jack Baldwin, from 1978 to 2003.
During its 87-year working life, the l... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Flutamide is marketed widely throughout the world, including in the United States, Canada, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Central and South America, East and Southeast Asia, India, and the Middle East. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The tritium breeding blanket (also known as a fusion blanket, lithium blanket or simply blanket), is a key part of many proposed fusion reactor designs. It serves several purposes; primarily it is to produce (or "breed") further tritium fuel for the nuclear fusion reaction, which owing to the scarcity of tritium would ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The AMCA Certified Ratings Program (CRP) is a program which allows all manufacturers of air movement and air control devices to obtain an AMCA Seal when their equipment has been tested and rated in accordance with recognized test standards.
The goal of the AMCA CRP is to ensure that a manufacturers product lines have b... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Liquid water and ice, for example, form a frigorific mixture at 0 °C or 32 °F. This mixture was once used to define 0 °C. That temperature is now defined as the triple point of Water with well-defined isotope ratios. A mixture of ammonium chloride, water, and ice form a frigorific mixture at about −17.8 °C or 0 °F. Th... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Many varieties of coordination cages exist.
In general, coordination cages are either homoleptic or heteroleptic. That is, they assembled either from a single type of ligand or multiple types. Generic coordination cages are often classified just as coordination complexes, with a MxLy formula. Heteroleptic complexes ty... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Cells can metabolize DHA to products that possess an oxo (i.e. ketone) residue. These products include 13-oxo-DHA (termed EFOXD6) and 17-oxo-DHA (termed 18-EFOXD6). Both oxo metabolites possess anti-inflammatory activity as assesses in in vitro systems (see ). | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
-CH-) has replaced a peptide bond in the peptide analogue sequence. To some extent the chemical structure of phosphinic peptides is similar to that of intermediates which are produced in hydrolysis of peptides by proteolytic enzymes. The hypothesis has been made that these pseudo-peptides mimic the structure of the enz... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Testicular tissue-derived seipin is essential for male fertility by modulating testicular phospholipid homeostasis. The lack of seipin in germ cells results in complete male infertility and teratozoospermia. Spermatids devoid of seipin in germ cells are morphologically abnormal with large ectopic lipid droplets and agg... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Fas receptor has been shown to interact with:
* Caspase 8,
* Caspase 10,
* CFLAR,
* FADD,
* Fas ligand,
* PDCD6, and
* Small ubiquitin-related modifier 1. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Sevoflurane is a potent vasodilator, as such it induces a dose dependent reduction in blood pressure and cardiac output. It is a bronchodilator, however, in patients with pre-existing lung pathology, it may precipitate coughing and laryngospasm. It reduces the ventilatory response to hypoxia and hypercapnia, and impede... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Oxidation of RIS occurs rapidly under ambient conditions This is especially true for iron monosulfides, which have a higher surface area than iron disulfides.
Monosulfidic material will change from pitch black to light brown within minutes of being exposed to air (see images below). Consequently, acid sulfate soil sam... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Copurification procedures, such as co-immunoprecipitation, are commonly used to analyze interactions between proteins. Copurification is one method used to map the interactome of living organisms. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Yuan-Cheng "Bert" Fung (September 15, 1919 – December 15, 2019) was a Chinese-American bioengineer and writer. He is regarded as a founding figure of bioengineering, tissue engineering, and the "Founder of Modern Biomechanics". | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Phenylboronic acid is soluble in most polar organic solvents and is poorly soluble in hexanes and carbon tetrachloride. This planar compound has idealized C molecular symmetry. The boron atom is sp-hybridized and contains an empty p-orbital. The orthorhombic crystals use hydrogen bonding to form units made up of two mo... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Arsenic biochemistry refers to biochemical processes that can use arsenic or its compounds, such as arsenate. Arsenic is a moderately abundant element in Earth's crust, and although many arsenic compounds are often considered highly toxic to most life, a wide variety of organoarsenic compounds are produced biologically... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The bonding between alkenes and transition metals is described by the Dewar–Chatt–Duncanson model, which involves donation of electrons in the pi-orbital on the alkene to empty orbitals on the metal. This interaction is reinforced by back bonding that entails sharing of electrons in other metal orbitals into the empty ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Cell–cell fusogens are glycoproteins that facilitate the fusion of cell to cell membranes. Cell–cell fusion is critical for the merging of gamete genomes and the development of organs in multicellular organisms. Cell-cell fusion occurs when both actin cytoskeleton and fusogenic proteins properly rearrange across the ce... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Scandium(III) sulfide is a chemical compound of scandium and sulfur with the chemical formula ScS. It is a yellow solid. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The total synthesis of the complex biomolecule vitamin B was accomplished in two different approaches by the collaborating research groups of Robert Burns Woodward at Harvard and Albert Eschenmoser at ETH in 1972. The accomplishment required the effort of no less than 91 postdoctoral researchers (Harvard: 77, ETH: 14),... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Since IEC and HIC conditions are the closest ones to physiological conditions which are fit for maintaining biological activity, the combinations of them are widely used in the separation of biological products. IEC/HIC MMC has improved separation power and selectivity on the grounds that it applies both electrostatic ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Voigt functions U, V, and H (sometimes called the line broadening function) are defined by
where
erfc is the complementary error function, and w(z) is the Faddeeva function. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Cell–cell fusogens are proteins that promote plasma membrane fusion among different cells. To be considered a fusogen, it must be required for fusion, fuse unfamiliar membranes, and be present on the fusing membrane when need be. These cells include but are not limited too: gametes, trophoblasts, epithelial, and other ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The fourth annual Empowering Women in Organic Chemistry Conference was a hybrid meeting on Thursday, June 23, and Friday, June 24, 2022. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Researchers in the 1960s investigating brown adipose tissue, found that in addition to producing more heat than typical of other tissues, brown adipose tissue seemed to short circuit, or uncouple, respiration coupling. Uncoupling protein 1 was discovered in 1976 by David G. Nicholls, Vibeke Bernson, and Gillian Heaton,... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) is a regulatory cytosolic enzyme present in almost every cell. sAC is a source of cyclic adenosine 3’,5’ monophosphate (cAMP) – a second messenger that mediates cell growth and differentiation in organisms from bacteria to higher eukaryotes. sAC differentiates from the transmembrane adeny... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The term surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy implies that it provides the same information that traditional Raman spectroscopy does, simply with a greatly enhanced signal. While the spectra of most SERS experiments are similar to the non-surface enhanced spectra, there are often differences in the number of modes prese... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Fluoropolymers are advantageous as binders due to their high density (yielding high detonation velocity) and inert chemical behavior (yielding long shelf stability and low aging). They are somewhat brittle, as their glass transition temperature is at room temperature or above. This limits their use to insensitive explo... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The studies of metal-benzyne complexes were initiated with the preparation of zirconocene complex by reaction diphenylzirconocene with trimethylphosphine.
:CpZrPh + PMe → CpZr(CH)(PMe) + PhH
The preparation of Ta(η-CMe)(CH)Me proceeds similarly, requiring the phenyl complex Ta(η-CMe)(CH)Me. This complex is prepared by... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Methyl isocyanate is usually manufactured by the reaction of monomethylamine and phosgene. For large-scale production it is advantageous to combine these reactants at higher temperature in the gas phase. A mixture of methyl isocyanate and two moles of hydrogen chloride is formed, but N-methylcarbamoyl chloride (MCC) fo... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Extending their work on MOS technology, Atalla and Kahng next did pioneering work on hot carrier devices, which used what would later be called a Schottky barrier. The Schottky diode, also known as the Schottky-barrier diode, was theorized for years, but was first practically realized as a result of the work of Atalla ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Samples of proteorhodopsin expressing bacteria have been obtained from the Eastern Pacific Ocean, Central North Pacific Ocean and Southern Ocean, Antarctica. Subsequently, genes of proteorhodopsin variants have been identified in samples from the Mediterranean, Red Seas, the Sargasso Sea, and Sea of Japan, and the Nort... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Air pollutant concentrations, as measured or as calculated by air pollution dispersion modeling, must often be converted or corrected to be expressed as required by the regulations issued by various governmental agencies. Regulations that define and limit the concentration of pollutants in the ambient air or in gaseou... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The β-adrenergic receptor antagonists all have similar therapeutic and pharmacodynamic actions in patients with cardiovascular disorders. They vary greatly in their pharmacokinetic properties, as they demonstrate a high range of values in plasma protein binding, the percent of drug eliminated by metabolism or unchanged... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Improvements were gradual over the 1960s. This was also the reason that costs remained high, because space users were willing to pay for the best possible cells, leaving no reason to invest in lower-cost, less-efficient solutions. The price was determined largely by the semiconductor industry; their move to integrated ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
After the discovery of parity non-conservation (see History), it was found that, in beta decay, electrons are emitted mostly with negative helicity, i.e., they move, naively speaking, like left-handed screws driven into a material (they have negative longitudinal polarization). Conversely, positrons have mostly positiv... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Himalayan Rivers Development envisages construction of storage reservoirs on the main Ganga and the Brahmaputra and their principal tributaries in India and Nepal along with inter-linking canal system to transfer surplus flows of the eastern tributaries of the Ganga to the West apart from linking of the main Brahmaputr... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A variety of geologic and environmental settings have been proposed for an origin of life. These theories are often in competition with one another as there are many differing views of prebiotic compound availability, geophysical setting, and early life characteristics. The first organism on Earth likely looked differe... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Applications in biotechnology were developed only most recently. This is due to the sensitivity of bioproducts such as proteins towards organic extractants.
One approach by C. van den Berg et al. focuses on the use of impregnated particles for in situ recovery of phenol from Pseudomonas putida fermentations using ionic... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Copper has two naturally occurring stable isotopes: Cu and Cu, which exist in the following natural abundances:
The isotopic composition of Cu is conventionally reported in delta notation (in ‰) relative to a NIST SRM 976 standard: | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In geophysical fluid dynamics, an approximation whereby the Coriolis parameter, f, is set to vary linearly in space is called a beta plane approximation.
On a rotating sphere such as the Earth, f varies with the sine of latitude; in the so-called f-plane approximation, this variation is ignored, and a value of f approp... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
TMSCl is reactive toward nucleophiles, resulting in the replacement of the chloride. In a characteristic reaction of TMSCl, the nucleophile is water, resulting in hydrolysis to give the hexamethyldisiloxane:
The related reaction of trimethylsilyl chloride with alcohols can be exploited to produce anhydrous solutions o... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Before the mission of Lunar Prospector lunar satellite, it was commonly thought that these KREEP materials had been formed in a widespread layer beneath the crust. However, the measurements from the gamma-ray spectrometer on-board this satellite showed that the KREEP-containing rocks are primarily concentrated undernea... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A cold fusion experiment usually includes:
* a metal, such as palladium or nickel, in bulk, thin films or powder; and
* deuterium, hydrogen, or both, in the form of water, gas or plasma.
Electrolysis cells can be either open cell or closed cell. In open cell systems, the electrolysis products, which are gaseous, are al... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Mediator is involved in "looping" of chromatin, which brings distant regions of a chromosome into closer physical proximity. The ncRNA-a mentioned above is involved in such looping. Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) can function similarly.
In addition to the looping of euchromatin, mediator appears to be involved in formation or m... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Spectroscopists customarily refer to the spectrum arising from a given ionization state of a given element by the element's symbol followed by a Roman numeral. The numeral I is used for spectral lines associated with the neutral element, II for those from the first ionization state, III for those from the second ioniza... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method was introduced in 1991 by Goodman, Draine, and Flatau for the discrete dipole approximation. They utilized a 3D FFT GPFA written by Clive Temperton. The interaction matrix was extended to twice its original size to incorporate negative lags by mirroring and reversing the interact... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A total synthesis of progesterone was reported in 1971 by W.S. Johnson. The synthesis begins with reacting the phosphonium salt with phenyl lithium to produce the phosphonium ylide . The ylide is reacted with an aldehyde to produce the alkene . The ketal protecting groups of are hydrolyzed to produce the diketone , ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Rowley led the Peoples National Movement in the September 2015 general election, in which his party secured 23 out of 41 seats in the House of Representatives to form the government, defeating the previous Peoples Partnership coalition government. On 9 September 2015, Rowley was sworn in as Prime Minister of Trinidad a... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The central concept of thermodynamics is that of energy, the ability to do work. By the First Law, the total energy of a system and its surroundings is conserved. Energy may be transferred into a system by heating, compression, or addition of matter, and extracted from a system by cooling, expansion, or extraction of m... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
After a chloroplast polypeptide is synthesized on a ribosome in the cytosol, an enzyme specific to chloroplast proteins phosphorylates, or adds a phosphate group to many (but not all) of them in their transit sequences.
Phosphorylation helps many proteins bind the polypeptide, keeping it from folding prematurely. This ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In most hydrogen-fusing stars, including the Sun, a chemical cycle involved in stellar nucleosynthesis occurs which is known as a carbon-nitrogen-oxygen or (CNO cycle). In addition to this cycle, stars also have a helium cycle. Various cycles involving gas and dust have been found to occur in galaxies. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Manual analysis of an AA′BB′ or AA′XX′ system is possible, if a sufficient number of peaks are detected. The A/A′ and B/B′ chemical shifts and the several coupling constants between each spin can be accurately obtained by quantum-mechanical simulation of the spin transition probabilities, given a set of guessed chemica... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Otherwise called a knock-on electron, the term "delta ray" is also used in high energy physics to describe single electrons in particle accelerators that are exhibiting characteristic deceleration. In a bubble chamber, electrons will lose their energy more quickly than other particles through Bremsstrahlung and will cr... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Phytovolatilization involves the capture and subsequent transpiration of radionuclides into the atmosphere. It does not remove contaminants but releases them in volatile form (less harmful). Despite not having too many applications for radioactive waste, it is very useful for the treatment of tritium, because it exploi... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In aluminium alloys containing magnesium, magnesium oxides (MgO), cuboids (MgAlO-cuboid) and metallurgical spinel (MgAlO-spinel) can form. They result from the reaction between magnesium and oxygen in the melt. More of them will form with time and temperature.
Spinel can be highly detrimental because of its big size an... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Less studied than above-ground interactions, but proving to be increasingly important, are the below-ground interactions that influence plant defense. There is a complex network of signal transduction pathways involved in plant responses to stimuli, and soil microbes can influence these responses. Certain soil microbes... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
One major issue engineers come across working with pneumatic cylinders has to do with the compressibility of a gas. Many studies have been completed on how the precision of a pneumatic cylinder can be affected as the load acting on the cylinder tries to further compress the gas used. Under a vertical load, a case where... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Current trends in climate change lead to higher ocean temperatures and acidity, thus modifying marine ecosystems. Also, acid rain and polluted runoff from agriculture and industry change the oceans chemical composition. Such changes can have dramatic effects on highly sensitive ecosystems such as coral reefs, thus limi... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Bioisosteres of some patented compounds can be discovered automatically and used to circumvent Markush structure patent claims. It has been proposed that key force field features, that is the pharmacophore, be patented instead. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Point groups can be classified into chiral (or purely rotational) groups and achiral groups.
The chiral groups are subgroups of the special orthogonal group SO(d): they contain only orientation-preserving orthogonal transformations, i.e., those of determinant +1. The achiral groups contain also transformations of deter... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
IEC Type II tapes are intended for recording using high (150% of normal) bias and replay with the 70μs time constant. All generations of Type II reference tapes, including the 1971 DIN reference that pre-dated the IEC standard, were manufactured by BASF. Type II has been historically known as chromium dioxide tape or s... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
This aspect of agricultural chemistry deals with the role of molecular chemistry in agriculture as well as the negative consequences. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Translation promotes transcription elongation and regulates transcription termination. Functional coupling between transcription and translation is caused by direct physical interactions between the ribosome and RNA polymerase ("expressome complex"), ribosome-dependent changes to nascent mRNA secondary structure which ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Due to its similar structure and properties, pentavalent arsenic metabolites are capable of replacing the phosphate group of many metabolic pathways. The replacement of phosphate by arsenate is initiated when arsenate reacts with glucose and gluconate in vitro. This reaction generates glucose-6-arsenate and 6-arsenoglu... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
*ANXA6
*ANXA7
*ARPC1A Actin-related peptide
*ARPC2
*ARPC5L
*CAPZA2
*CAPZB
*RHOA also implicated in regulation of cell cycle
*RHOB
*RHOT1 mitochondrial trafficking
*RHOT2
*TUBB Tubulin, beta polypeptide
*WDR1 actin disassembly? | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Season cracking is a form of stress-corrosion cracking of brass cartridge cases originally reported from British forces in India. During the monsoon season, military activity was temporarily reduced, and ammunition was stored in stables until the dry weather returned. Many brass cartridges were subsequently found to be... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Willauer et al. (2012) estimated that jet fuel could be synthesized from seawater in quantities up to per day, at a cost of three to six U.S. dollars per gallon. Willauer et al. (2014) showed that the Fischer-Tropsch catalyst could be modified to synthesize various fuels such as methanol and natural gas, as well as th... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In organic chemistry, the term 2-norbornyl cation (or 2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl cation) describes one of the three carbocations formed from derivatives of norbornane. Though 1-norbornyl and 7-norbornyl cations have been studied, the most extensive studies and vigorous debates have been centered on the exact structure of t... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
He joined the Baltimore Copper Smelting & Rolling Company in 1890, becoming vice president in 1895, and later, president of the company. Under his management, the company became one of the major copper producer of the United States. In 1928, the company merged with five other copper companies, to create the Revere Copp... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Corrosion fatigue is fatigue in a corrosive environment. It is the mechanical degradation of a material under the joint action of corrosion and cyclic loading. Nearly all engineering structures experience some form of alternating stress, and are exposed to harmful environments during their service life. The environment... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Rutledge received his BSc in chemistry and biochemistry from the University of Auckland in 1993. He received his MSc from the same institution with first class honours in chemistry in 1995. He left New Zealand in 1995 and obtained his DPhil at Magdalen College, Oxford working with Jack Edward Baldwin in 1999. He was a ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
When the DNA hairpin is unzipped into single-strand, oligonucleotides complementary to the hairpin sequence are allowed to hybridize. During the time course of the rezipping process, the bound oligonucleotides cause transient blockages. The time course measurement of hairpin length allows for the determination of the... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Once mRNA is purified, an oligo-dT primer (a short sequence of deoxy-thymidine nucleotides) is bound to the poly-A tail of the RNA. The primer is required to initiate DNA synthesis by the enzyme reverse transcriptase. This results in the creation of RNA-DNA hybrids where a single strand of complementary DNA is bound to... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The SUPERFAMILY database has numerous research applications and has been used by many research groups for various studies. It can serve either as a database for proteins that the user wishes to examine with other methods, or to assign a function and structure to a novel or uncharacterized protein. One study found SUPER... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
HER2 is overexpressed in 20-30% of breast cancers and is commonly associated with poor prognosis. It is therefore an oncogene whose differently spliced variants have been shown to have different functions. Knocking down hnRNP H1 was shown to increase the amount of an oncogenic variant Δ16HER2. HER2 is an upstream regul... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In developing countries, connection to sewer systems is often costly for poor households, despite typically low monthly sewer tariffs. This apparent paradox is explained by the high costs of in-plot and in-house sanitary installations that have to be paid entirely by the user, by sometimes high sewer connection fees le... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Iterons are directly repeated DNA sequences which play an important role in regulation of plasmid copy number in bacterial cells. It is one among the three negative regulatory elements found in plasmids which control its copy number. The others include antisense RNAs and ctRNAs. Iterons complex with cognate replication... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Toluene hydrodealkylation converts toluene to benzene. In this hydrogen-intensive process, toluene is mixed with hydrogen, then passed over a chromium, molybdenum, or platinum oxide catalyst at 500–650 °C and 20–60 atm pressure. Sometimes, higher temperatures are used instead of a catalyst (at the similar reaction cond... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The α-amylases () (CAS 9014-71-5) (alternative names: 1,4-α--glucan glucanohydrolase; glycogenase) are calcium metalloenzymes. By acting at random locations along the starch chain, α-amylase breaks down long-chain saccharides, ultimately yielding either maltotriose and maltose from amylose, or maltose, glucose and "li... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Thomsen–Friedenreich antigen (Galβ1-3GalNAcα1-Ser/Thr) is a disaccharide that serves as a core 1 structure in O-linked glycosylation. First described by Thomsen as a red blood cell's antigen, later research have determined it to be an oncofetal antigen. it is present in the body as a part of membrane transport proteins... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
This coordination compound is prepared by the reaction of tungsten hexacarbonyl with 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-pyrimido[1,2-a]pyrimidine (Hhpp) in o-dichlorobenzene at 200 °C:
The reaction gives W(hpp)Cl. Dichlorobenzene provides the chlorine atoms and is itself reductively coupled to 2,2′-dichlorobiphenyl. The bond ord... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
SuperSAGE is a derivative of SAGE that uses the type III-endonuclease EcoP15I of phage P1, to cut 26 bp long sequence tags from each transcript's cDNA, expanding the tag-size by at least 6 bp as compared to the predecessor techniques SAGE and LongSAGE. The longer tag-size allows for a more precise allocation of the tag... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The vast majority of refined bitumen is used in construction: primarily as a constituent of products used in paving and roofing applications. According to the requirements of the end use, bitumen is produced to specification. This is achieved either by refining or blending. It is estimated that the current world use of... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The yeast S. cerevisiae was the model organism used during the two-hybrid technique's inception. It is commonly known as the Y2H system. It has several characteristics that make it a robust organism to host the interaction, including the ability to form tertiary protein structures, neutral internal pH, enhanced ability... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.