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As the name contains the prefix thio-, these compounds contain sulfur. Examples include sinigrin, found in black mustard, and sinalbin, found in white mustard. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The use of materials began in the Stone Age. Typically, materials such as bone, fibers, feathers, shells, animal skin, and clay were used for weapons, tools, jewelry, and shelter. The earliest tools were in the paleolithic age, called Oldowan. These were tools created from chipped rocks that would be used for scavengin... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
According to popular legend, Galvani discovered the effects of electricity on muscle tissue when investigating an unrelated phenomenon which required skinned frogs in the 1780s and 1790s. His assistant is claimed to have accidentally touched a scalpel to the sciatic nerve of the frog and this resulted in a spark and an... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Speisses are alloys of heavy metals like iron, cobalt, nickel and copper with arsenic, antimony and, occasionally, tin. The latter elements lower the melting point to around 1000 °C. Speisses commonly occur in lead smelting operations and copper smelting operations.
Speisses are only partially miscible with mattes, a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Super-enhancers have been most commonly identified by locating genomic regions that are highly enriched in ChIP-Seq signal. ChIP-Seq experiments targeting master transcription factors and co-factors like Mediator or BRD4 have been used, but the most frequently used is H3K27ac-marked nucleosomes. The program “ROSE” (Ra... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Electrometallurgy is a method in metallurgy that uses electrical energy to produce metals by electrolysis. It is usually the last stage in metal production and is therefore preceded by pyrometallurgical or hydrometallurgical operations. The electrolysis can be done on a molten metal oxide (smelt electrolysis) which is ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
It is possible to formulate equations describing three conservation laws for quantities that are useful in open-channel flow: mass, momentum, and energy. The governing equations result from considering the dynamics of the flow velocity vector field with components . In Cartesian coordinates, these components correspon... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
An isocyanide (also called isonitrile or carbylamine) is an organic compound with the functional group –. It is the isomer of the related nitrile (–C≡N), hence the prefix is isocyano. The organic fragment is connected to the isocyanide group through the nitrogen atom, not via the carbon. They are used as building block... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
MITF is phosphorylated on several serine and tyrosine residues. Serine phosphorylation is regulated by several signaling pathways including MAPK/BRAF/ERK, receptor tyrosine kinase KIT, GSK-3 and mTOR. In addition, several kinases including PI3K, AKT, SRC and P38 are also critical activators of MITF phosphorylation. In ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Rubrocurcumin produces a red-colored solution.
Rubrocurcumin is a neutral molecule, while rosocyanine is ionic. In rubrocurcumin, one molecule of curcumin is replaced with oxalate compared to rosocyanine.
Complexes with boron such as rubrocurcumin are called 1,3,2-dioxaborines. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The following is a sample recipe for BBS:
*10 mM Sodium borate
*150 mM NaCl
Adjust pH to pH 8.2
The simplest way to prepare a BBS solution is to use BBS tablets. They are formulated to give a ready to use borate buffered saline solution upon dissolution in 500 ml of deionized water.
Concentration of borate and NaCl as ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In general there are three major categories of pH meters. Benchtop pH meters are often used in laboratories and are used to measure samples which are brought to the pH meter for analysis. Portable, or field pH meters, are handheld pH meters that are used to take the pH of a sample in a field or production site. In-l... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In 1960, Bussard conceived of the Bussard ramjet, an interstellar space drive powered by hydrogen fusion using hydrogen collected with a magnetic field from the interstellar gas. Due to the presence of high-energy particles throughout space, much of the interstellar hydrogen exists in an ionized state (H II regions) th... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Comex provides sorting technologies for mining industries using multi-sensory solution integrated in the same sorting units, like X-ray, hyper-spectral IR and color optical sensors and 3D cameras, which can be very effective in identifying and sorting of various mineral particles. Integration of AI models for sensor da... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The MRFM concept combines the ideas of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Conventional MRI employs an inductive coil as an antenna to sense resonant nuclear or electronic spins in a magnetic field gradient. MRFM uses a cantilever tipped with a ferromagnetic (iron cobalt) particle to dir... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
One notable example of functional selectivity occurs with the 5-HT receptor, as well as the 5-HT receptor. Serotonin, the main endogenous ligand of 5-HT receptors, is a functionally selective agonist at this receptor, activating phospholipase C (which leads to inositol triphosphate accumulation), but does not activate ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
This phase is favored in detergent-in-water solutions and has a packing ratio of less than one. The micellar population in a detergent/water mixture cannot increase without limit as the detergent to water ratio increases. In the presence of low amounts of water, lipids that would normally form micelles will form larger... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The primary essential parts for this phase include detailing the reaction conditions in full, giving both the amount of RNA used and the total volume of the reaction, give information on the oligonucleotide used as a primer and its concentration, the concentration and type of reverse transcriptase used, and lastly the ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In fluid dynamics, the Coriolis–Stokes force is a forcing of the mean flow in a rotating fluid due to interaction of the Coriolis effect and wave-induced Stokes drift. This force acts on water independently of the wind stress.
This force is named after Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis and George Gabriel Stokes, two nineteenth-... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
MOFs have been explored for electrolysis to enhance the rate and selectivity of reactions. Owing to their high surface area they can provide large number of interaction site for the reaction, conductivity of the material allows charge transfer during the electrocatalytic process. Two Cobalt based MOFs Co-BHT (Benzenehe... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
*1990, American Chemical Society Division of Analytical Chemistry J. Calvin Giddings Award for Excellence in Teaching
*2002, Electrochemical Society Henry B. Linford Award for Distinguished Teaching
*2006, W. George Pinnell Award for Outstanding Service, Indiana University Bloomington
*2007, Elected Fellow of the Elect... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
There are a number of distinct methods of holding the precursors together prior to the ultimate ring-closing reaction in a template-directed catenane synthesis. Each noncovalent approach to catenane formation results in what can be considered different families of catenanes.
Another family of catenanes are called pret... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The theory of response reactions (RERs) was elaborated for systems in which several physico-chemical processes run simultaneously in mutual interaction, with local thermodynamic equilibrium, and in which state variables called extents of reaction are allowed, but thermodynamic equilibrium proper is not required. It is ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
It is also used to prevent bacterial endocarditis and as a pain-reliever in high-risk people having dental work done, to prevent Streptococcus pneumoniae and other encapsulated bacterial infections in those without spleens, such as people with sickle-cell disease, and for both the prevention and the treatment of anthra... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The biological treatment of wastewater in the sewage treatment plant is often accomplished using conventional activated sludge systems. These systems generally require large surface areas for treatment and biomass separation units due to the generally poor settling properties of the sludge. Aerobic granules are a type ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The reaction was discovered in the 1970s as part of a synthetic route to certain prostanoids. The reaction required tin tetrachloride and a stoichiometric amount of Wilkinson's catalyst:
An equal amount of a cyclopropane was formed as the result of decarbonylation.
The first catalytic application involved cyclization ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
RNA can also be transfected into cells to transiently express its coded protein, or to study RNA decay kinetics. RNA transfection is often used in primary cells that do not divide.
siRNAs can also be transfected to achieve RNA silencing (i.e. loss of RNA and protein from the targeted gene). This has become a major appl... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
There are several other bioprinting techniques which are less commonly used. Droplet-based bioprinting is a technique in which the bioink blend of cells and/or hydrogels are placed in droplets in precise positions. Most common amongst this approach are thermal and piezoelectric-drop-on-demand techniques. This method of... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
UV attack by sunlight can be ameliorated or prevented by adding anti-UV polymer stabilizers, usually prior to shaping the product by injection moulding. UV stabilizers in plastics usually act by absorbing the UV radiation preferentially, and dissipating the energy as low-level heat. The chemicals used are similar to th... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Substrate or product inhibition is where either an enzymes substrate or product also act as an inhibitor. This inhibition may follow the competitive, uncompetitive or mixed patterns. In substrate inhibition there is a progressive decrease in activity at high substrate concentrations, potentially from an enzyme having t... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The first uses of ferrouranium date back to 1897, when the French government attempted to use it for guns. Ferrouranium is used as a deoxidizer (more powerful than ferrovanadium), for denitrogenizing steel, for forming carbides, and as an alloying element. In ferrous alloys, uranium increases the elastic limit and the ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In biochemistry, two biopolymers are antiparallel if they run parallel to each other but with opposite directionality (alignments). An example is the two complementary strands of a DNA double helix, which run in opposite directions alongside each other. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Barium chlorate, when burned with a fuel, produces a vibrant green light. Because it is an oxidizer, a chlorine donor, and contains a metal, this compound produces a green color that is unparalleled. However, due to the instability of all chlorates to sulfur, acids, and ammonium ions, chlorates have been banned from us... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
An alteration in copy number state with respect to a single-copy reference locus is referred to as a “copy number variation” (CNV) if it appears in germline cells, or a copy number alteration (CNA) if it appears in somatic cells. A CNV or CNA could be due to a deletion or amplification of a locus with respect to the nu... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Schering AG filed for a patent for NETA in June 1957, and the patent was issued in December 1960. The drug was first marketed, by Parke-Davis as Norlestrin in the United States, in March 1964. This was a combination formulation of 2.5 mg NETA and 50 μg ethinylestradiol and was indicated as an oral contraceptive. Other ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Kostanecki acylation is a method used in organic synthesis to form chromones or coumarins by acylation of O-hydroxyaryl ketones with aliphatic acid anhydrides, followed by cyclization. If benzoic anhydride (or benzoyl chloride) is used, a particular type of chromone called a flavone is obtained. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Light2CAT was a project funded by the European Commission from 2012 to 2015. It aimed to develop a modified that can absorb visible light and include this modified into construction concrete. The degrades harmful pollutants such as NOx into NO. The modified TiO is in use in Copenhagen and Holbæk, Denmark, and Valenc... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The two terminal N–O bonds are nearly equivalent and relatively short, at 1.20 and 1.21 Å. This can be explained by theories of resonance; the two major canonical forms show some double bond character in these two bonds, causing them to be shorter than N–O single bonds. The third N–O bond is elongated because its O ato... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
High-content screening (HCS), also known as high-content analysis (HCA) or cellomics, is a method that is used in biological research and drug discovery to identify substances such as small molecules, peptides, or RNAi that alter the phenotype of a cell in a desired manner. Hence high content screening is a type of ph... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Fig. 3 shows an AFM, which typically consists of the following features. Numbers in parentheses correspond to numbered features in Fig. 3. Coordinate directions are defined by the coordinate system (0).
The small spring-like cantilever (1) is carried by the support (2). Optionally, a piezoelectric element (typically ma... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
When observing a gas, it is typical to specify a frame of reference or length scale. A larger length scale corresponds to a macroscopic or global point of view of the gas. This region (referred to as a volume) must be sufficient in size to contain a large sampling of gas particles. The resulting statistical analysis of... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Ethanol is dehydrogenated to acetaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase, and further into acetyl CoA by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. During this reaction 2 NADH are produced. If large amounts of ethanol are present, then large amounts of NADH are produced, leading to a depletion of NAD. Thus, the conversion of pyruvate to la... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
John William Draper (May 5, 1811 – January 4, 1882) was an English scientist, philosopher, physician, chemist, historian and photographer. He is credited with pioneering portrait photography (1839–40) and producing the first detailed photograph of the moon in 1840. He was also the first president of the American Chemic... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Various methods have been proposed to achieve the suitable alignment of monomers in the crystal. These methods can be divided into two categories:
An obvious method is to introduce supramolecular interactions to the monomer. Popular choices include π - π stacking interactions, hydrogen/halogen bonding interactions, an... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
AOAC has published the peer-reviewed Journal of AOAC International bimonthly since 1915. They also publish the Official Methods of Analysis (OMA) in hard copy and through the on-line database. The magazine Inside Laboratory Management is published bimonthly for members. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Sulfenyl fluorides and bromides are also known. Simple sulfenyl iodides are unknown because they are unstable with respect to the disulfide and iodine:
Sulfenyl iodides can be isolated as stable compounds if they bear alkyl steric protecting groups as part of a cavity-shaped framework, illustrating the technique of ki... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical-heterodyne molecular spectroscopy (NICE-OHMS) is an ultra-sensitive laser-based absorption technique that utilizes laser light to assess the concentration or the amount of a species in gas phase by absorption spectrometry (AS). | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A foam is, in many cases, a multi-scale system.
One scale is the bubble: material foams are typically disordered and have a variety of bubble sizes. At larger sizes, the study of idealized foams is closely linked to the mathematical problems of minimal surfaces and three-dimensional tessellations, also called honeycomb... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The crystal structure of NMT reveals two identical subunits, each with its own myristoyl CoA binding site. Each subunit consists of a large saddle-shaped β-sheet surrounded by α-helices. The symmetry of the fold is pseudo twofold. Myristoyl CoA binds at the N-terminal portion, while the C-terminal end binds the protein... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
An abiogenic substance or process does not result from the present or past activity of living organisms. Abiogenic products may, e.g., be minerals, other inorganic compounds, as well as simple organic compounds (e.g. extraterrestrial methane, see also abiogenesis). | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Perovskite materials exhibit many interesting and intriguing properties from both the theoretical and the application point of view. Colossal magnetoresistance, ferroelectricity, superconductivity, charge ordering, spin dependent transport, high thermopower and the interplay of structural, magnetic and transport proper... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Mississippi basin
* The Greater Twin Cities area of Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota features two important Mississippi confluences. Near historical Fort Snelling and the town of Mendota—about 9 miles downstream on the Mississippi from Minneapolis—the Minnesota River flows into the Mississippi at Pike Island. The ar... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The microdialysis principle was first employed in the early 1960s, when push-pull canulas and dialysis sacs were implanted into animal tissues, especially into rodent brains, to directly study the tissues biochemistry. While these techniques had a number of experimental drawbacks, such as the number of samples per anim... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A Trisonic Wind Tunnel (TWT) is a wind tunnel so named because it is capable of testing in three speed regimes – subsonic, transonic, and supersonic. The earliest known trisonic wind tunnel was dated to 1950 and was located in El Segundo, California before it closed in 2007. Other trisonic wind tunnels currently in ope... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Tube bending as a process starts with loading a tube into a tube or pipe bender and clamping it into place between two dies, the clamping block and the forming die. The tube is also loosely held by two other dies, the wiper die and the pressure die.
The process of tube bending involves using mechanical force to push st... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In December 2020, the Chinese experimental nuclear fusion reactor HL-2M achieved its first plasma discharge. In May 2021, Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) announced a new world record for superheated plasma, sustaining a temperature of 120 M°C for 101 seconds and a peak of 160 M°C for 20 seconds. In... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A spectacular example of galvanic corrosion occurred in the Statue of Liberty when regular maintenance checks in the 1980s revealed that corrosion had taken place between the outer copper skin and the wrought iron support structure. Although the problem had been anticipated when the structure was built by Gustave Eiffe... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Sum frequency generation spectroscopy (SFG) is a nonlinear laser spectroscopy technique used to analyze surfaces and interfaces. It can be expressed as a sum of a series of Lorentz oscillators. In a typical SFG setup, two laser beams mix at an interface and generate an output beam with a frequency equal to the sum of t... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Several components of the signaling cascade that mediates the HMB-induced increase in human skeletal muscle protein synthesis have been identified in vivo. Similar to HMBs metabolic precursor, , HMB has been shown to increase protein synthesis in human skeletal muscle via phosphorylation of the mechanistic target of ra... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
ppGpp and pppGpp were first identified by Michael Cashel in 1969. These nucleotides were found to accumulate rapidly in Escherichia coli cells starved for amino acids and inhibit synthesis of ribosomal and transfer RNAs. It is now known that (p)ppGpp is also produced in response to other stressors including carbon and ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
There may be leftover embryos or eggs from IVF procedures if the person for whom they were originally created has successfully carried one or more pregnancies to term, and no longer wishes to use them. With the patient's permission, these may be donated to help others conceive by means of third party reproduction.
In e... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
An electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) or mobility shift electrophoresis, also referred as a gel shift assay, gel mobility shift assay, band shift assay, or gel retardation assay, is a common affinity electrophoresis technique used to study protein–DNA or protein–RNA interactions. This procedure can determine ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Pyridine has historically been added to foods to give them a bitter flavour, although this practise is now banned in the U.S. It may still be added to ethanol to make it unsuitable for drinking. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
*Ohshima. H. Theory of Colloid and Interfacial Electric Phenomena, Elsevier, 2006.
*Duval, J.F.L. and oth. Langmuir, 21, 11268-11282 (2005). | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Klein–Nishina formula was derived in 1928 by Oskar Klein and Yoshio Nishina, and was one of the first results obtained from the study of quantum electrodynamics. Consideration of relativistic and quantum mechanical effects allowed development of an accurate equation for the scattering of radiation from a target ele... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Ca is required to activate the binding. Ca binds to the protein and carbohydrate by non covalent bond. Mannose-binding protein (MBP) contains the C-type CRD. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The chiral pool is a "collection of abundant enantiopure building blocks provided by nature" used in synthesis. In other words, a chiral pool would be a large quantity of common organic enantiomers. Contributors to the chiral pool are amino acids, sugars, and terpenes. Their use improves the efficiency of total synthes... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Currently there are many methods used to determine the zygosity status of a gene at a particular locus. These methods include the use of PCR with specifically designed probes to detect the variants of the genes (SNP typing is the simplest case). In cases where longer stretches of variation is implicated, post PCR ana... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
This complex is used as an indicator in analytical chemistry. The active ingredient is the [Fe(o-phen)] ion, which is a chromophore that can be oxidized to the ferric derivative [Fe(o-phen)]. The potential for this redox change is +1.06 volts in 1 M HSO. It is a popular redox indicator for visualizing oscillatory Belo... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The anthracene molecule admits three resonance structures, each with a circle in one ring and two sets of double bonds in the other two. Following the rule at point 4 exposed above, anthracene is better described by a superposition of these three equivalent structures, and an arrow is drawn to indicate the presence of ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Ashe's parents came to the United States from China to pursue PhDs; her father, C.C. Hsiao, taught aerospace engineering at the University of Minnesota, and her mother, Joyce, was a biochemist. She has three younger siblings.
Attending the St. Paul Academy and Summit School in the 1970s, Ashe's interest in the brain be... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
For small scale reactions, SF can be inconvenient since it is a gas and stainless steel reaction vessels are required. Many transformations require elevated temperatures. The reaction generates hydrogen fluoride. These concerns have led to interest in alternative fluorinating reagents. Selenium tetrafluoride, a liquid... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Both ASR and aerial respiration require fish to travel to the top of water column and this behaviour increases the predation risks by aerial predators or other piscivores inhabiting near the surface of the water. To cope with the increased predation risk upon surfacing, some fish perform ASR or aerial respiration in sc... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Many important biological processes involve redox reactions. Before some of these processes can begin iron must be assimilated from the environment.
Cellular respiration, for instance, is the oxidation of glucose (CHO) to CO and the reduction of oxygen to water. The summary equation for cell respiration is:
The process... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The oxygen minimum zone (OMZ), sometimes referred to as the shadow zone, is the zone in which oxygen saturation in seawater in the ocean is at its lowest. This zone occurs at depths of about , depending on local circumstances. OMZs are found worldwide, typically along the western coast of continents, in areas where an ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Despite two distinct base-resolution methods being available for hm5dC, there are no base-resolution methods for detection of hm5C. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Plants have evolved R genes (resistance genes) whose products mediate resistance to specific virus, bacteria, oomycete, fungus, nematode or insect strains. R gene products are proteins that allow recognition of specific pathogen effectors, either through direct binding or by recognition of the effector's alteration of ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Weld-On is a division of IPS Corporation, a manufacturer of solvent cements, primers, and cleaners for PVC, CPVC, and ABS plastic piping systems. Weld-On products are commonly used for joining plastic pipes and fittings. Weld-On also manufactures specialty products from repair adhesives for leaking pipes, pipe thread s... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Many technological processes require control of liquid spreading over solid surfaces. When a drop is placed on a surface, it can completely wet, partially wet, or not wet the surface. By reducing the surface tension with surfactants, a nonwetting material can be made to become partially or completely wetting. The exces... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Bhushan is a member of editorial board of
* Biomedical Chromatography, (John Wiley & Sons, UK, since Jan 1996);
* Bioanalysis (Future Science Group, UK, since 2011), and
* Acta Chromatographica (Akademiai Kiado, Hungary, since 2012). | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The SI unit of conductivity is S/m and, unless otherwise qualified, it refers to 25 °C. More generally encountered is the traditional unit of μS/cm.
The commonly used standard cell has a width of 1 cm, and thus for very pure water in equilibrium with air would have a resistance of about 10 ohms, known as a megohm. Ultr... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Karsten Meyer (born May 17, 1968, in Herne, Germany) is a German inorganic chemist and Chair of Inorganic and General Chemistry at the Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU). His research involves the coordination chemistry of transition metals as well as uranium coordination chemistry, small molecul... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Fraser-Reid was born in Coleyville, Jamaica to William, an elementary school principal, and Laura, a teacher. He had five older siblings. Laura died when Fraser-Reid was only nine months old. He attended Excelsior High School and Clarendon College before moving to Canada to earn BSc (1959) and MSc (1961) at Queen's Uni... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Archaeometallurgy is the study of the past use and production of metals by humans. It is a sub-discipline of archaeology and archaeological science. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Denigés' reagent is a reagent used for qualitative analysis. It was developed in 1898 by Georges Denigés (December 25, 1859–February 20, 1951), a French biochemist. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Drospirenone was patented in 1976 and introduced for medical use in 2000. Schering AG of Germany has been granted several patents on the production of drospirenone, including WIPO and US patents, granted in 1998 and 2000, respectively. It was introduced for medical use in combination with ethinylestradiol as a combined... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Electrochemical Society is a learned society (professional association) based in the United States that supports scientific inquiry in the field of electrochemistry solid-state science and related technology. The Society membership comprises more than 8,000 scientists and engineers in over 85 countries at all degr... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Because the intense red color of hemoglobin interferes with the readout of colorimetric or optical detection-based diagnostic tests, blood plasma separation is a common first step to increase diagnostic test accuracy. Plasma can be extracted from whole blood via integrated filters or via agglutination. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Prp24 interacts with the U6 snRNA via its RRMs. It has been shown through chemical modification testing that nucleotides 39–57 of U6 (40–43 in particular) are involved in binding Prp24.
The LSm proteins are in a consistent configuration on the U6 RNA. It has been proposed that the LSm proteins and Prp24 in... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
An example of an isozyme is glucokinase, a variant of hexokinase which is not inhibited by glucose 6-phosphate. Its different regulatory features and lower affinity for glucose (compared to other hexokinases), allow it to serve different functions in cells of specific organs, such as control of insulin release by the b... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Note that domain does not have to be a 2D domain: the method is applicable to higher dimensional domains using multidimensional noise fields. However, the visualization of the higher-dimensional LIC texture is problematic; one way is to use interactive exploration with 2D slices that are manually positioned and rotate... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Emeléus died of heart failure at Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, on 2 December 1993. He was survived by his four children, his wife having predeceased him in January 1991. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Two types of threads are distinguished:
* Parallel (straight) threads, British Standard Pipe Parallel thread (BSPP; originally also known as British Standard Pipe Fitting thread/BSPF and British Standard Pipe Mechanical thread/BSPM), which have a constant diameter; denoted by the letter G.
* Taper threads, British Stan... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Biuret was first prepared and studied by Gustav Heinrich Wiedemann (1826–1899) for his doctoral dissertation, which was submitted in 1847. His findings were reported in several articles. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Real gases can be characterized by their difference from ideal. This is done by writing the mechanical equation of state in the form where , called the compressibility factor, is usually expressed either as a function of pressure and temperature, or density and temperature, and in each case in the limit or , , the id... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The basic setup in electrosynthesis is a galvanic cell, a potentiostat and two electrodes. Typical solvent and electrolyte combinations minimizes electrical resistance. Protic conditions often use alcohol-water or dioxane-water solvent mixtures with an electrolyte such as a soluble salt, acid or base. Aprotic condition... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In powder samples there is a tendency for plate- or rod-like crystallites to align themselves along the axis of a cylindrical sample holder. In solid polycrystalline samples the production of the material may result in greater volume fraction of certain crystal orientations (commonly referred to as texture). In such ca... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Photolysis, i.e., photochemical decomposition is a chemical reaction where the compound is broken down by the photons. This decomposition occurs when a photon of sufficient energy encounters a colorant molecule bond with a suitable dissociation energy. The reaction causes homolytic cleavage in the chromophoric system r... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The GDNF family receptor-α (GFRα) proteins are a group of co-receptors which form complexes with GDNF-family ligands (GFLs) to activate RET, the receptor of the GFLs. The GFRα co-receptors include the following:
* GFRα1 – preference for GDNF
* GFRα2 – preference for neurturin
* GFRα3 – preference for artemin
* GFRα4 – ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In adults, the primary metabolic pathway for paracetamol is glucuronidation. This yields a relatively non-toxic metabolite, which is excreted into bile and passed out of the body. A small amount of the drug is metabolized via the cytochrome P-450 pathway (to be specific, CYP3A4 and CYP2E1) into NAPQI, which is extremel... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
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