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The phenotype of each individual is modeled as the gene expression pattern at time . It is represented by a state vector in this model.
whose element denotes the expression state of gene i at time t. In the original Wagner model,
where 1 represents the gene is expressed while -1 implies the gene is not expressed. T... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Ge joined the University of Wisconsin–Madison as an assistant scientist, where she oversaw the mass spectrometry programme. She became an Associate Professor in 2015, and full Professor in 2019.
Ge develops high-resolution mass spectrometry proteomics to better understand cardiac disease. To image the very large prote... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A melanomorph is a substance related to the pigment melanin. Melanomorphs originate from the aromatic amino acids tyrosine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine. They tend to absorb ultraviolet-B light, with peaks around 280 nanometers. See also Beer's Law. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In fluid dynamics, a vortex (: vortices or vortexes) is a region in a fluid in which the flow revolves around an axis line, which may be straight or curved. Vortices form in stirred fluids, and may be observed in smoke rings, whirlpools in the wake of a boat, and the winds surrounding a tropical cyclone, tornado or dus... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In cooperation with the chemical company BASF, Ralf Reski and coworkers established a collection of knockout mosses to use for gene identification. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Adhesion is an essential process to epithelial cells so that epithelium can be formed and cells can be in permanent contact with extracellular matrix and other cells. Several pathways exist to accomplish this communication and adhesion with environment. But the main signalling pathways are the cadherin and integrin pat... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) involves measuring resistive and capacitive changes caused by a biorecognition event. Typically, a small amplitude sinusoidal electrical stimulus is applied, causing current to flow through the biosensor. The frequency is varied over a range to obtain the impedance spectrum.... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Organic chemicals such as lactic acid and citric acid have been used to etch metals and create products as early as 400 BCE, when vinegar was used to corrode lead and create the pigment ceruse, also known as white lead. Most modern chemical milling methods involve alkaline etchants; these may have been used as early as... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Cited as coming from Bejan:
This equation
It was empirically determined by Globe and Dropkin in 1959: The containers used were around 5" in diameter and 2" high. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Let , be the directions parallel to the flat plates, and the perpendicular direction, with being the gap between the plates (at ) and be the relevant characteristic length scale in the -directions. Under the limits mentioned above, the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations, in the first approximation becomes
where... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A crucible is a ceramic or metal container in which metals or other substances may be melted or subjected to very high temperatures. Although crucibles have historically tended to be made out of clay, they can be made from any material that withstands temperatures high enough to melt or otherwise alter its contents. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The term dispersion also refers to the physical property of the degree to which particles clump together into agglomerates or aggregates. While the two terms are often used interchangeably, according to ISO nanotechnology definitions, an agglomerate is a reversible collection of particles weakly bound, for example by ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In Sebastian Aniţa, Viorel Arnăutu, Vincenzo Capasso. An Introduction to Optimal Control Problems in Life Sciences and Economics (Birkhäuser. 2011), this equation appears as a special case of the Sharpe–Lotka–McKendrick’s equation; in the latter there is inflow, and the math is based on directional derivative. The McK... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The first step in the biological pump is the synthesis of both organic and inorganic carbon compounds by phytoplankton in the uppermost, sunlit layers of the ocean. Organic compounds in the form of sugars, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are synthesized during the process of photosynthesis:
CO + HO + light → CHO + ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Diphenyl diselenide and several benzylic selenides have been explored by Kwon et al. as photoiniferters in polymerization of styrene and methyl methacrylate. Their mechanism of control over polymerization is proposed to be similar to the dithiuram disulfide iniferters. However, their low transfer constants allow them ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Transferrin is a serum protein that carries iron through the bloodstream to the bone marrow, where red blood cells are manufactured, as well as to the liver and spleen. Structurally, transferrin is a polypeptide with two N-linked polysaccharide chains. These polysaccharide chains are branched with sialic acid residues.... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Existing metabolic networks control the movement of molecules through their enzymatic steps by regulating enzymes that catalyze irreversible reactions. The movement of molecules through reversible steps is generally unregulated by enzymes, but rather regulated by the concentration of products and reactants. Irreversib... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
right|thumb|Example and diagram for p3
left|thumb|Cell structure for p3
* Orbifold signature:
* Coxeter notation: [(3,3,3)] or [3]
* Lattice: hexagonal
* Point group: C
* The group p3 has three different rotation centres of order three (120°), but no reflections or glide reflections.
Imagine a tessellation of the plan... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Galvanism influenced metaphysical thought in the domain of abiogenesis, the underlying process of the generation of living forms. In 1836, Andrew Crosse recorded what he referred to as "the perfect insect, standing erect on a few bristles which formed its tail," as having appeared during an experiment wherein he used e... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In isolated systems it is consistently observed that as time goes on internal rearrangements diminish and stable conditions are approached. Pressures and temperatures tend to equalize, and matter arranges itself into one or a few relatively homogeneous phases. A system in which all processes of change have gone practic... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Small Molecule Pathway Database (SMPDB) is a comprehensive, high-quality, freely accessible, online database containing more than 600 small molecule (i.e. metabolic) pathways found in humans. SMPDB is designed specifically to support pathway elucidation and pathway discovery in metabolomics, transcriptomics, proteo... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The split gene theory implies that structural features of split genes predicted from computer-simulated random sequences occur in eukaryotic split genes. This is borne out in most known split genes. The sequences exhibit a nearly perfect negative exponential distribution of ORF lengths. With rare exceptions, eukaryotic... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Lightning strike protection minimizes damage to buildings during lightning terminations. This is usually accomplished by providing multiple interconnected pathways of low electrical impedance to the ground.
Copper and its alloys are the most common materials used in residential lightning protections, however in industr... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The world's largest form of storage for excess electricity, pumped-storage is a reversible hydroelectric plant. They are a net consumer of energy but provide storage for any source of electricity, effectively smoothing peaks and troughs in electricity supply and demand. Pumped storage plants typically use "spare" elect... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Bone ash is a key raw material for bone china. Constituting around 50% of the body, it reacts with other raw materials in the body during firing to form, amongst other phases, anorthite.
In preparation for use in bone china, bones undergo multiple processing stages, including:
* Removal of any meat before being degreas... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Although sedimentation might occur in tanks of other shapes, removal of accumulated solids is easiest with conveyor belts in rectangular tanks or with scrapers rotating around the central axis of circular tanks. Settling basins and clarifiers should be designed based on the settling velocity (v) of the smallest particl... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The US Institute of Medicine (IOM) updated Estimated Average Requirements (EARs) and Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for selenium in 2000. If there is not sufficient information to establish EARs and RDAs, an estimate designated Adequate Intake (AI) is used instead. The current EAR for selenium for people ages 14... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The amount of strain energy in bicyclic systems is commonly the sum of the strain energy in each individual ring. This isn't always the case, as sometimes the fusion of rings induces some extra strain. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The centrifuge method relies on the following relationship between capillary pressure and gravity:
where:
: is the height of the capillary rise
: is gravity
: is the density of the wetting phase
: is the density of the non-wetting phase
The centrifugal force essentially serves as an applied capillary pressure for small... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid (HOSA) or aminosulfuric acid is the inorganic compound with molecular formula HNOS that is formed by the sulfonation of hydroxylamine with oleum. It is a white, water-soluble and hygroscopic, solid, commonly represented by the condensed structural formula HNOSOH, though it actually exists... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Tablets are small, solid dosages suitable for the use of mucoadhesive coatings. The coating may be formulated to adhere to a specific mucosa, enabling both systemic and targeted local administration. Tablets are generally taken enterally, as the size and stiffness of the form results in poor patient compliance when adm... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
EmBiology (formerly EMBiology) is a web-based Software as a service tool from Elsevier in which researchers can view biological relationships between entities, such as genes, proteins, and cells.
Launched in 2023, EmBiology queries a Biological Knowledge Graph with 1.4 million entities connected by 15.7 million relatio... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In pulse-height analysis (PHA) mode, incoming pulses are characterized based on their amplitude (peak voltage). The output spectrum is a histogram of these pulses, where the height of each channel corresponds to the number pulses counted within a narrow range of amplitudes. The resolution of the output spectrum depends... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
It is used in a wide range of applications. For example, it is used as a catalyst for the hydrochlorination of acetylene, or the oxidation of sulfides. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The repulsive effects of the two lone pairs on the oxygen atom cause water to have a bent, not linear, molecular structure, allowing it to be polar. The hydrogen–oxygen–hydrogen angle is 104.45°, which is less than the 109.47° for ideal sp hybridization. The valence bond theory explanation is that the oxygen atoms lone... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Efforts to elucidate the excited states of diphosphenes is important and valuable to realize the application of PP double bonds in molecular electronics. In triplets trans-HPPH, the P-P bond length is predicted to be 2.291 Å. It is not only longer than the P-P double bond in ground state trans-bis(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylp... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The discovery of this type of mechanism to control the expression of genes in a biosynthetic operon lead to its identification in a wide variety of such operons for which repressors had never been discovered. For example: | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Mixtures of and are called Fenton reagent. If is replaced by , it is called Fenton-like reagent.
Numerous transition metal ions and their complexes in their lower oxidation states () were found to have the oxidative features of the Fenton reagent, and, therefore, the mixtures of these metal compounds with were name... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
This section discusses fittings primarily used in pressurized piping systems, though there is some overlap with fittings for low-pressure or non-pressurized systems. Specialized fittings for the latter setups are discussed in the next major subsection. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
LEDs and laser diodes usually emit photons with energy close to and slightly larger than the band gap of the semiconductor material from which they are made. Therefore, as the band gap energy increases, the LED or laser color changes from infrared to red, through the rainbow to violet, then to UV. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Since 2016, Han Seo-jun, then associate professor at the Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) in Shenzhen, with Zhang Renli and Qin Jinzhou, have used human embryo in gene-editing technology for assisted reproductive medicine. On 10 June 2017, a Chinese couple, an HIV-positive father and HIV-negative... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In 1926, Raymond Pearl proposed that longevity varies inversely with basal metabolic rate (the "rate of living hypothesis"). Support for this hypothesis comes from the fact that mammals with larger body size have longer maximum life spans (large animals do have higher total metabolic rates, but the metabolic rate at th... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The calculation of the structure factor for cases differing from ideal polymer chains can be quite cumbersome, and sometimes impossible to complete analytically. However, when the small-angle scattering condition is met, , the sinc term can be expanded so one gets:
and by utilising the definition of the radius of gyrat... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
One of the oldest methods is called the multiple tube method. In this method a measured sub-sample (perhaps 10 ml) is diluted with 100 ml of sterile growth medium and an aliquot of 10 ml is then decanted into each of ten tubes. The remaining 10 ml is then diluted again and the process repeated. At the end of 5 dilution... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Phosphoranes of the type RP=CR are more common and more important. Phosphoranes are also considered to be one of the resonance structures of ylides, these compounds feature a tetrahedral phosphorus center including a phosphorus–carbon double bond. These compounds are used as reagents in the Wittig reaction, for instanc... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
This study examined the clinical history of the CSF and urine of two Greek siblings who were both diagnosed with SR deficiency. Both siblings displayed delayed psychomotor development and a movement disorder. The diagnosis was confirmed by measuring the SR enzyme activity and mutation analysis. The mutation analysis of... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Many modifications to the simple blade-element theory have been suggested in order to make it more complete and to improve its accuracy. Most of these modified theories attempt to take into account the blade interference, and, in some of them, attempts are also made to eliminate the inaccuracy due to the use of airfoil... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In coordination chemistry, clathrochelates are ligands that encapsulate metal ions. Chelating ligands bind to metals more strongly than related monodentate ligands, and macrocyclic ligands bind more strongly than typical chelating ligands. It follows that bi- or polymacrocyclic ligands would bind to metals particularly... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate, or Custodiol HTK solution, is a high-flow, low-potassium preservation solution used for organ transplantation. The solution was initially developed by Hans-Jürgen Bretschneider.
HTK solution is intended for perfusion and flushing of donor liver, kidney, heart, lung and pancreas prior... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The microprocessor complex is a protein complex involved in the early stages of processing microRNA (miRNA) and RNA interference (RNAi) in animal cells. The complex is minimally composed of the ribonuclease enzyme Drosha and the dimeric RNA-binding protein DGCR8 (also known as Pasha in non-human animals), and cleaves ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Simulation can be carried out at different effective plasmatic therapeutic level of the drugs to identify the level at which cardiotoxicity cannot be neglected. The data collected could be finally managed to create a score system aimed to define the torsadogenic risk, namely the risk of inducing torsade de pointes, of ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Often referred to as a bearing heater, the mains frequency unit employs standard transformer principles for its operation. An internal winding is wound around a laminated core similar to a standard mains transformer. The core is then passed through the work-piece and when the primary coil is energised, a magnetic flux ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Anders Meibom (born 9 September 1969) is a Danish interdisciplinary scientist and former football player active in the field of bio-geochemistry. He is a professor at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), where he heads the laboratory for biological geochemistry. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
There are slight iron isotopic variations in the oceans relative to IRMM-014, which likely reflect variations in the biogeochemical cycling of iron within a given ocean basin. In the southeastern Atlantic, δFe values between -0.13 and +0.21‰ have been measured. In the north Atlantic, δFe values between -1.35 and +0.80... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Microarrays contain single-stranded oligonucleotides with sequences from the human genome to tile the region of interest fixed to the surface. Genomic DNA is sheared to form double-stranded fragments. The fragments undergo end-repair to produce blunt ends and adaptors with universal priming sequences are added. These f... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Great Calcite Belt (GCB) of the Southern Ocean is a region of elevated summertime upper ocean calcite concentration derived from coccolithophores, despite the region being known for its diatom predominance. The overlap of two major phytoplankton groups, coccolithophores and diatoms, in the dynamic frontal systems c... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Spermine synthase (, spermidine aminopropyltransferase, spermine synthetase) is an enzyme that converts spermidine into spermine. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
: S-adenosylmethioninamine + spermidine S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + spermine
Spermine synthase is an enzyme involved in polyamine biosy... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
As a postdoctoral researcher, Holmes worked on the total synthesis of Vitamin B with Albert Eschenmoser.
In 1972 he was appointed as a demonstrator to the University of Cambridge where he stayed for 32 years, ultimately as Professor of Organic and Polymer Chemistry, and Director of the Melville Laboratory for Polymer S... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
By reducing flow velocity to limit solids being transported along with fast flowing liquid, separation can occur. Approximately 35–60% of the solids is removed from dilute liquid slurry, with 10 minutes detention time, with a common detention time of 30 to 60 minutes. Due to the inadequate consideration of critical des... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A defining feature of sand closures is the movement and subsequent loss of the construction material. The principle underpinning a sand closure relies on the production of more sand than what is lost during the process. Sand losses occur daily under average flow conditions through the closing gap, contingent upon the f... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The microscopic model and most optical properties of ensembles of the NV centers have been firmly established in the 1970s based on the optical measurements combined with uniaxial stress and on the electron paramagnetic resonance. However, a minor error in EPR results (it was assumed that illumination is required to ob... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The psychrometric chart depicts the changes of the cycle to the standard air conditioning cycle. First, the end state point 4 for air from the wheel represents a latent ratio increase (moisture removal) to about 45%, as opposed to the 25% of the typical coil shown. Secondly, the air quality delivered by the cycle is mu... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
*The lac operon consists of 3 structural genes, and a promoter, a terminator, regulator, and an operator. The three structural genes are: lacZ, lacY, and lacA.
**lacZ encodes β-galactosidase (LacZ), an intracellular enzyme that cleaves the disaccharide lactose into glucose and galactose.
** lacY encodes Beta-galactosi... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* Bethea, R. M. 1978. Air Pollution Control Technology. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
* National Asphalt Pavement Association. 1978. The Maintenance and Operation of Exhaust Systems in the Hot Mix Batch Plant. 2nd ed. Information Series 52.
* Perry, J. H. (Ed.). 1973. Chemical Engineers’ Handbook. 5th ed. New York: ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Molecular self-assembly is an important aspect of bottom-up approaches to nanotechnology. Using molecular self-assembly, the final (desired) structure is programmed in the shape and functional groups of the molecules. Self-assembly is referred to as a bottom-up manufacturing technique in contrast to a top-down techniqu... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
SAD analysis is widely used in material research for its relative simplicity and high information value. Once the sample is prepared and examined in a modern transmission electron microscope, the device allows for a routine diffraction acquisition in a matter of seconds. If the images are interpreted correctly, they ca... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Trandolapril is an ACE inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure. It may also be used to treat other conditions. It is similar in structure to another ramipril but has a cyclohexane group. It is a prodrug that must be metabolized into its active form. It has a longer half-life when compared to other agents in this cl... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
KT5720 is a kinase inhibitor with specificity towards protein kinase A. It is a semi-synthetic derivative of K252a and analog of staurosporine. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
When Emerson exposed green plants to differing wavelengths of light, he noticed that at wavelengths of greater than 680 nm the efficiency of photosynthesis decreased abruptly despite the fact that this is a region of the spectrum where chlorophyll still absorbs light (chlorophyll is the green pigment in plants - it abs... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Shaving cream is an example of a complex fluid. Without stress, the foam appears to be a solid: it does not flow and can support (very) light loads. However, when adequate stress is applied, shaving cream flows easily like a fluid. On the level of individual bubbles, the flow is due to rearrangements of small colle... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Beryllium derivatives and reagents are often prepared by alkylation of beryllium chloride. Examples of known organoberyllium compounds are dineopentylberyllium, beryllocene (CpBe), diallylberyllium (by exchange reaction of diethyl beryllium with triallyl boron), bis(1,3-trimethylsilylallyl)beryllium and Be(mes)2. Ligan... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Initially, this particular lactoperoxidase-catalyzed compound was originally discovered while viewing the specific environment of cystic fibrosis patients' weakened respiratory immune system against bacterial infection.
Symptoms of cystic fibrosis include an inability to secrete sufficient quantities of SCN which resul... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Sandia method (also known as Veers method) is a method for generating a turbulent wind profile that can be used in aero-elastic software to evaluate the fatigue imparted on a turbine in a turbulent environment. That is, it generates time series of wind speeds at a set of points on a surface, say the plane of the ro... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The integrated stress response is a cellular stress response conserved in eukaryotic cells that downregulates protein synthesis and upregulates specific genes in response to internal or environmental stresses. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The relationship between humans and rivers, which represent freshwater environments, is complicated. Rivers serve primarily as a freshwater resource and as sinks for domestic and industrial waste water. The consequences from this usage occur from diverse activities and root themselves in complex, interdisciplinary syst... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Although of no commercial significance, many other routes to benzene exist. Phenol and halobenzenes can be reduced with metals. Benzoic acid and its salts undergo decarboxylation to benzene. The reaction of the diazonium compound derived from aniline with hypophosphorus acid gives benzene. Alkyne trimerisation of acet... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In physics, the cross section is a measure of the probability that a specific process will take place in a collision of two particles. For example, the Rutherford cross-section is a measure of probability that an alpha particle will be deflected by a given angle during an interaction with an atomic nucleus. Cross sect... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Two different regimes may be distinguished in the nucleate boiling range. When the temperature difference is between approximately above T, isolated bubbles form at nucleation sites and separate from the surface. This separation induces considerable fluid mixing near the surface, substantially increasing the convectiv... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
o-Cresolphthalein is a phthalein dye used as a pH indicator in titrations. It is insoluble in water but soluble in ethanol. Its solution is colourless below pH 8.2, and purple above 9.8. Its molecular formula is CHO. It is used medically to determine calcium levels in the human body, or to synthesize polyamides or poly... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The WGSR is exergonic, with the following thermodynamic parameters at room temperature (298 K):
In aqueous solution, the reaction is less exergonic. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Metagenomics is the study of genomic content of samples from same habitat, which is designed to determine the role and the extent of species diversity. Targeted or random sequencing are widely used with comparisons against sequence databases. Recent developments in sequencing technology increased the number of metageno... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Chemcatcher® concept was developed by Professors Richard Greenwood and Graham Mills at the University of Portsmouth, together with colleagues from Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden. The device is patented in a number of countries and the name is a registered trademark in Ireland and the United Kingdom
T.E. ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Δ splitting energy for tetrahedral metal complexes (four ligands), Δ is smaller than that for an octahedral complex. Consequently, tetrahedral complexes are almost always high spin Examples of low spin tetrahedral complexes include Fe(2-norbornyl), [Co(4-norbornyl)], and the nitrosyl complex Cr(NO)((N(tms)). | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Norman Daly was awarded 6 patents in the years 1962–1973 relating to ion detection and mass spectrometers, from his work at the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Medicinal Chemistry Research is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of medicinal chemistry emphasizing the structure-activity relationships of biologically active compounds. It was founded in 1991 by Alfred Burger (University of Virginia), who also founded the Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. The journal is currently ed... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The naturally occurring calcium cycle has been altered by human intervention. Calcium is predominantly extracted from limestone deposits to be utilised by many industrial processes. Purification of iron ore and aluminium, replacing asbestos brake linings and some coatings for electric cables, are some of these major us... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
When used as an ingredient in food, antifoaming agents are intended to curb effusion or effervescence in preparation or serving. The agents are included in a variety of foods and in materials for food preparation; McDonald's includes polydimethylsiloxane (a type of silicone) in its oil to mitigate hazardous splashes of... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
National Chemistry Day, first celebrated in 1987 by members of the American Chemical Society (ACS), educators and other individual volunteers, was a vision of the former ACS President Dr. George C. Pimentel. His goal was for ACS to hold a simultaneous event nationwide to impress on the public the importance of chemist... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Trimethylsilyl azide is incompatible with moisture, strong oxidizing agents, and strong acids. Azides are often explosive, as illustrated by their use in air bags. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A healthy American male soldier was given EA-3148, 1.15 µg/kg i.v.. Erythrocyte AChE values dropped precipitously to 22% of normal within 15 min of dosing and to 0% at 48 h; the value recovered to 88% of normal at 72 days post-exposure. Signs of toxicity were evident within 5-8 min of treatment in two comparably dosed ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Deep-dose equivalent (DDE) is a measure of external radiation exposure defined by US regulations. It is reported alongside eye and shallow dose equivalents on typical US dosimetry reports. It represents the dose equivalent at a tissue depth of 1 cm (1000 mg/cm2) due to external whole-body exposure to ionizing radi... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to visit Gene Wiki pages and related Wikipedia articles. The pathway can be downloaded and edited at [http://www.wikipathways.org WikiPathways]. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Zeta potential is the electrical potential at the slipping plane. This plane is the interface which separates mobile fluid from fluid that remains attached to the surface.
Zeta potential is a scientific term for electrokinetic potential in colloidal dispersions. In the colloidal chemistry literature, it is usually deno... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Thorpe–Ingold effect, gem-dimethyl effect, or angle compression is an effect observed in chemistry where increasing steric hindrance favours ring closure and intramolecular reactions. The effect was first reported by Beesley, Thorpe, and Ingold in 1915 as part of a study of cyclization reactions. It has since been... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Inclusions can create problems in the casting when they are large and in too high concentration. Here are examples of problems related to inclusions:
* Pinholes in light gauge foil
* Flange cracks in beverage containers
* Surface streaks in bright automotive trim and lithographic material
* Breakage in wire drawing ope... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Stiction refers to the characteristic of start-and-stop–type motion of a mechanical assembly. Consider a mechanical element slowly increasing an external force on an assembly at rest that is designed for the relative rotation or sliding of its parts in contact. The static contact friction between the assembly parts res... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Historically it was assumed that the nucleation rate of new recrystallized grains would be determined by the thermal fluctuation model successfully used for solidification and precipitation phenomena. In this theory it is assumed that as a result of the natural movement of atoms (which increases with temperature) small... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Magnesium ions (Mg) in cellular biology are usually in almost all senses opposite to Ca ions, because they are bivalent too, but have greater electronegativity and thus exert greater pull on water molecules, preventing passage through the channel (even though the magnesium itself is smaller). Thus, Mg ions block Ca cha... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* Chaikin P. M. and Lubensky T. C. Principles of Condensed Matter Physics (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge) 1995, sect.9.
* Feynman R. P. Progress in Low Temperature Physics Vol.1, edited by C. Gorter (North Holland, Amsterdam) 1955. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Simple monosaccharides have a linear and unbranched carbon skeleton with one carbonyl (C=O) functional group, and one hydroxyl (OH) group on each of the remaining carbon atoms. Therefore, the molecular structure of a simple monosaccharide can be written as H(CHOH)(C=O)(CHOH)H, where ; so that its elemental formula is C... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
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