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Azines are a functional class of organic compounds with the connectivity RRC=N-N=CRR. These compounds are the product of the condensation of hydrazine with ketones and aldehydes, although in practice they are often made by alternative routes. Ketazines are azines derived from ketones. For example, acetone azine is the ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Haplotype refers to a group of genetic variants inherited together on a chromosome from one parent due to their genetic linkage. Haplotype phasing (also called haplotype estimation) refers to the process of reconstructing individual haplotypes, important for determining the genetic basis of diseases. Linked-read sequen... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
His parents emigrated from Switzerland to the United States, where Nef studied chemistry at Harvard University until 1884. Upon graduation, he joined Adolf von Baeyer at the University of Munich, where he received his Ph.D. in 1887.
He was a professor at Purdue University from 1887 till 1889 and at Clark University fro... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
During drug discovery, lipophilicity and molecular weight are often increased in order to improve the affinity and selectivity of the drug candidate. Hence it is often difficult to maintain drug-likeness (i.e., RO5 compliance) during hit and lead optimization. Hence it has been proposed that members of screening libr... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Oil-based defoamers have an oil carrier. The oil might be mineral oil, vegetable oil or any other oil that is insoluble in the foaming medium, except silicone oil. An oil-based defoamer also contains a wax and/or hydrophobic silica to boost the performance. Typical waxes are ethylene bis stearamide (EBS), paraffin waxe... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The NDUFAF6 gene encodes a protein that localizes to mitochondria. The encoded protein plays an important role in the assembly of complex I (NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain through regulation of subunit ND1 biogenesis. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
# Removal of the smear layer and etching of dentine
# Priming of the dentine surface
# Bonding of the primed dentine surface to the restorative material | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A changed migratory potential of cells has relatively high importance in the development of several clinical symptoms and syndromes.
Altered chemotactic activity of extracellular (e.g., Escherichia coli) or intracellular (e.g., Listeria monocytogenes) pathogens itself represents a significant clinical target. Modificat... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The orbit width can be estimated by considering the variation in over an orbit period . Using the conservation of and ,</blockquote>The orbit widths can then be estimated, which gives
* Passing width:
* Banana width:
The bounce angle at which becomes zero for the trapped particles is</blockquote> | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The carbon–fluorine bond length is typically about 1.35 ångström (1.39 Å in fluoromethane). It is shorter than any other carbon–halogen bond, and shorter than single carbon–nitrogen and carbon–oxygen bonds. The short length of the bond can also be attributed to the ionic character of the bond (the electrostatic attract... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Hinsberg reaction is a chemical test for the detection of primary, secondary and tertiary amines. The reaction was first described by Oscar Hinsberg in 1890. In this test, the amine is shaken well with the Hinsberg reagent (benzenesulfonyl chloride) in the presence of aqueous alkali (either KOH or NaOH). A primary ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Catherine E. Costello is the William Fairfield Warren distinguished professor in the department of biochemistry, Cell Biology and Genomics, and the director of the Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry at the Boston University School of Medicine. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In 1999, the Dioxin Affair occurred when 50 kg of PCB transformer oils were added to a stock of recycled fat used for the production of 500 tonnes of animal feed, eventually affecting around 2,500 farms in several countries. The name Dioxin Affair was coined from early misdiagnosis of dioxins as the primary contaminant... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In 2020 a team at the University Hospital Heidelberg (Germany) re-gained the antibacterial power of vancomycin by modifying the molecule with a cationic oligopeptide. The oligopeptide consists of six arginin units in Position V. In comparison to the unmodified vancomycin the activity against vancomycin-resistant bacter... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* Plumbing
* Tap water
* Irrigation
* Pipelines transporting gas or liquid over long distances
* Compressed air systems
* Casing for concrete pilings used in construction projects
* High-temperature or high-pressure manufacturing processes
* The petroleum industry:
** Oil well casing
** Oil refinery equipment
* Deliver... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In many countries, pesticides must be approved for sale and use by a government agency.
Worldwide, 85% of countries have pesticide legislation for the proper storage of pesticides and 51% include provisions to ensure proper disposal of all obsolete pesticides.
Though pesticide regulations differ from country to country... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Like other organolithium compounds, tert-butyllithium is a cluster compound. Whereas n-butyllithium exists both as a hexamer and a tetramer, tert-butyllithium exists exclusively as a tetramer with a cubane structure. Bonding in organolithium clusters involves sigma delocalization and significant Li−Li bonding. Despite ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Changing the fish population of bodies of water as a part of watershed management can facilitate desirable changes in aquatic ecosystems suffering from eutrophication characterized by domination by phytoplankton aiding ecosystem restoration, an application of restoration ecology. In ponds or lakes alternative stable co... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* 7th International Thai Institute of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry Conference (ITIChE 2017) and The 27th National Thai Institute of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry Conference (TIChE 2017)
** 18–20 October 2017 Shangri-La Hotel, Bangkok
* The 18th Thailand Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemi... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Mutations in the subunits of complex I can cause mitochondrial diseases, including Leigh syndrome. Point mutations in various complex I subunits derived from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can also result in Lebers Hereditary Optic Neuropathy.There is some evidence that complex I defects may play a role in the etiology of P... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In cerebral infarction, the penumbra has decreased perfusion. Besides acute and chronic neurovascular diseases, the value of ASL has been demonstrated in brain tumors, epilepsy and neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia and Parkinson disease. Additionally, DP-pCASL has promising... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Cross-polarization (CP), originally published as proton-enhanced nuclear induction spectroscopy is a solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) technique to transfer nuclear magnetization from different types of nuclei via heteronuclear dipolar interactions. The H-X cross-polarization dramatically improves the sen... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Berylliosis, or chronic beryllium disease (CBD), is a chronic allergic-type lung response and chronic lung disease caused by exposure to beryllium and its compounds, a form of beryllium poisoning. It is distinct from acute beryllium poisoning, which became rare following occupational exposure limits established around ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Residual chemical shift anisotropy (RCSA) is the difference between the chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) of aligned and non-aligned molecules. It is normally three orders of magnitude smaller than the static CSA, with values on the order of parts-per-billion (ppb). RCSA is useful for structural determination and it is a... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A ternary rhodium-centered bipyramidal dibismuth complex is an example of subhalide complexes with interesting geometry and unusual electronic properties, particularly what has been reported as an example of Möbius aromaticity. The complex exhibits a 4-electron-5-centered bond in the central plane occupied by a Bi equa... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Some acetylides are notoriously explosive. Formation of acetylides poses a risk in handling of gaseous acetylene in presence of metals such as mercury, silver or copper, or alloys with their high content (brass, bronze, silver solder). | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Quinone-interacting membrane-bound oxidoreductase is a membrane-bound protein complex present in the electron transport chain of sulfate reducers (e.g. Desulfovibrio species) and some sulfur oxidizers.
It was first described by Pires et al. (2003). | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Acoustic foam is a lightweight material made from polyurethane (either polyether or polyester) or extruded melamine foam. It is usually cut into tiles. One surface of these tiles often features pyramid, cone, wedge, or uneven cuboid shapes. Acoustic foam tiles are suited to placing on sonically reflective surfaces to a... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Light irradiation can initiate the reaction while avoiding exerting additional physical effects on the monomer crystal. It can be used in topochemical polymerization based on free radical mechanism such as 1,4-polymerization of diacetylene or diene polymerization. UV light is widely used as initiation method as it does... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A plasma is matter in which charges are screened due to the presence of other mobile charges. For example: Coulomb's Law is suppressed by the screening to yield a distance-dependent charge, , i.e., the charge Q is reduced exponentially with the distance divided by a screening length α. In a QGP, the color charge of t... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In spectral scanning, each 2-D sensor output represents a monochromatic (single-colored), spatial (x, y) map of the scene. HSI devices for spectral scanning are typically based on optical band-pass filters (either tunable or fixed). The scene is spectrally scanned by exchanging one filter after another while the platfo... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Microcoils have found usefulness in telemetry systems, where planar microcoils are used to supply energy to miniaturized implants. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Through the use of magnetic traps, constant magnetic force can be applied to millions of DNA hairpin-tethered magnetic beads in parallel. The magnetic force can be easily adjusted by changing the distance between the trap and the magnetic beads. The number of eads that can be simultaneously monitored, which determine... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Phosphodiester bonds make up the backbones of DNA and RNA. In the phosphodiester bonds of nucleic acids, a phosphate is attached to the 5 carbon of one nucleoside and to the 3 carbon of the adjacent nucleoside. Specifically, it is the phosphodiester bonds that link the 3 carbon atom of one sugar molecule and the 5 carb... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
-Deprenyl, also known as or dextro-N-propargyl-N-methylamphetamine, is an MAO-B inhibitor that metabolizes into -amphetamine and -methamphetamine and is therefore also a norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent. It is the opposite enantiomer of -deprenyl (selegiline).
-Deprenyl, also an MAO-B inhibitor, metabolizes to -... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Both steps are producing energy to be coupled to ATP synthesis. Nitrifying organisms are chemoautotrophs, and use carbon dioxide as their carbon source for growth. Some AOB possess the enzyme, urease, which catalyzes the conversion of the urea molecule to two ammonia molecules and one carbon dioxide molecule. Nitrosomo... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Most alkenes are prochiral, meaning in this context that their hydrocyanation generates chiral nitriles. Conventional hydrocyanation catalysts, e.g. , catalyse the formation of racemic mixtures. When however the supporting ligands are chiral, the hydrocyanation can be highly enantioselective. For asymmetric hydrocya... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Many plants acquire sulfur through gaseous atmospheric compounds. Leaves of trees have δS values lying between those of air and soil, suggesting that there is uptake occurring from atmospheric and soil sources. The δS values of trees has also been demonstrated to be height dependent, with the foliage at the tops of con... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
When two or more types of ligands (L, L, ...) are coordinated to an octahedral metal centre (M), the complex can exist as isomers. The naming system for these isomers depends upon the number and arrangement of different ligands. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Filter aid selection: filter aid are recoat cake that act as the actual filter media and there two different types which are diatomaceous earth or perlite.
Important parameter to consider is the solid penetration into the pre coat cake and its limits 0.002 to 0.005 inch penetration thickness.
Large amount of filter aid... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Alzheimers disease affects forty-five million people and is the fifth leading cause of death in the 65 plus population. There is no complete cure for the disease, currently. However, lithium is being evaluated for its effectiveness as a potential therapeutic measure. One of the leading causes of Alzheimers is the hyper... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The diagnosis of SR deficiency is based on the analysis of the pterins and biogenic amines found in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the brain. The pterin compound functions as a cofactor in enzyme catalysis and biogenic amines which include adrenaline, dopamine, and serotonin have functions that vary from the control ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Invasion percolation is a mathematical model of realistic fluid distributions for slow immiscible fluid invasion in porous media, in percolation theory.
It "explicitly takes into account the transport process taking place". A wetting fluid such as water takes over from a non-wetting fluid such as oil, and capillary fo... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The sorbent tube and the focusing trap may be packed with one or more sorbents. The type and number of sorbents depends on a number of factors including the sampling setup, the analyte volatility range, analyte concentration, and the humidity of the sample.
One of the most versatile and popular sorbents for thermal des... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Protein inhibition by inhibitor binding may induce obstruction in pathway regulation, homeostatic regulation and physiological function.
Competitive inhibitors compete with substrate to bind to free enzymes at active sites and thus impede the production of the enzyme-substrate complex upon binding. For example, carbon ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Although most plasmids are double-stranded DNA molecules, some consist of single-stranded DNA, or predominantly double-stranded RNA. RNA plasmids are non-infectious extrachromosomal linear RNA replicons, both encapsidated and unencapsidated, which have been found in fungi and various plants, from algae to land plants. ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Nitrolic acids are organic compounds with the functional group RC(NO)=NOH. They are prepared by the reaction of nitroalkanes with base and nitrite sources:
:RCHNO + HNO → RC(NO)=NOH + HO
The conversion was first demonstrated by Victor Meyer using nitroethane. The reaction proceeds via the intermediacy of the... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Although the concentration of the ozone in the ozone layer is very small, it is vitally important to life because it absorbs biologically harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation coming from the Sun. Extremely short or vacuum UV (10–100 nm) is screened out by nitrogen. UV radiation capable of penetrating nitrogen is divided ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Cleavage forms parallel to crystallographic planes:
*Basal, pinacoidal, or planar cleavage occurs when there is only cleavage plane. Talc has basal cleavage. Mica (like muscovite or biotite) also has basal cleavage; this is why mica can be peeled into thin sheets.
*Prismatic cleavage occurs when there are cleavage pl... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
This variant of the AnMBR combines the previous two variants, keeping the membrane unit external, but submerged within an external chamber. The anaerobic process takes place first, and then subsequently enters the membrane unit for filtration. Here, the influent(wastewater) is pumped into the externally submerged chamb... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
René Marcelin (12 June 1885 – 24 September 1914) was a French physical chemist, who died in World War I at a young age. He was a pupil of Jean Baptiste Perrin at the Faculty of Sciences in Paris and performed theoretical studies in the field of chemical kinetics. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Retro (or reverse) screening (RS) is a relatively new approach to determine the specificity and selectivity of a therapeutic drug molecule against a target protein or another macromolecule. It proceeds in the opposite direction to the so-called virtual screening (VS). In VS, the goal is to use a protein target to ident... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In the buffer layer, between 5 wall units and 30 wall units, neither law holds, such that:
:For
with the largest variation from either law occurring approximately where the two equations intersect, at . That is, before 11 wall units the linear approximation is more accurate and after 11 wall units the logarithmic app... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Darcy's law can be expressed very generally as:
where q is the volume flux vector of the fluid at a particular point in the medium, h is the total hydraulic head, and K is the hydraulic conductivity tensor, at that point. The hydraulic conductivity can often be approximated as a scalar. (Note the analogy to Ohm's law i... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Wolfgang Pauli was the first to suggest the idea of a particle such as the neutrino existing in our universe in 1930. He believed such a particle to be completely massless. This was the belief amongst the astrophysics community until the solar neutrino problem was solved.
Frederick Reines, from the University of Califo... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In SKP the probe and sample are held parallel to each other and electrically connected to form a parallel plate capacitor. The probe is selected to be of a different material to the sample, therefore each component initially has a distinct Fermi level. When electrical connection is made between the probe and the sample... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
For , advection is relatively unimportant, and so
the magnetic field will tend to relax towards a purely diffusive state, determined by the boundary conditions rather than the flow.
For , diffusion is relatively unimportant on the length scale L. Flux lines of the magnetic field are then advected with the fluid flow, u... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
After free falling through a height in a vacuum from an initial velocity of 0, a mass will have reached a speed
where is the acceleration due to gravity. Rearranged as a head:
The term is called the velocity head, expressed as a length measurement. In a flowing fluid, it represents the energy of the fluid due to its... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Neurotrophins are a family of proteins that induce the survival, development, and function of neurons.
They belong to a class of growth factors, secreted proteins that can signal particular cells to survive, differentiate, or grow. Growth factors such as neurotrophins that promote the survival of neurons are known as n... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A world effort was triggered in the 1960s to study magnetohydrodynamic converters in order to bring MHD power conversion to market with commercial power plants of a new kind, converting the kinetic energy of a high velocity plasma into electricity with no moving parts at a high efficiency. Research was also conducted i... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Polymers with thermally induced shape-memory effect are those polymers that respond to external stimuli and because of this have the ability to change their shape. The thermally induced shape-memory effect results from a combination of proper processing and programming of the system.
This effect can be observed in poly... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The term spiral separator can refer to either a device for separating slurry components by density (wet spiral separators), or for a device for sorting particles by shape (dry spiral separators). | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Richard Robert Ernst (14 August 1933 – 4 June 2021) was a Swiss physical chemist and Nobel laureate.
Ernst was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1991 for his contributions towards the development of Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy while at Varian Associates and ETH Zurich. These un... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Polluted effluent is added into the bottom of the cell and mixed with the adsorbent in the adsorption zone 1.1 where adsorption of the pollutants onto the surface of the adsorbent occurs. Mixing between the adsorbent and the polluted effluent is promoted by air spargers at the base of the cell which also facilitate the... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Channels differ with respect to the ion they let pass (for example, Na, K, Cl), the ways in which they may be regulated, the number of subunits of which they are composed and other aspects of structure. Channels belonging to the largest class, which includes the voltage-gated channels that underlie the nerve impulse, c... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The parameters for water quality are determined by the intended use. Work in the area of water quality tends to be focused on water that is treated for potability, industrial/domestic use, or restoration (of an environment/ecosystem, generally for health of human/aquatic life). | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Photo-reflectance is a highly sensitive measurement technique and provides unmatched capability for characterizing the material and electronic properties of thin films. Photo-reflectance has been particularly important in basic research on semiconductors due to its ability to precisely determine semiconductor bandstruc... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Dioxygen complexes are coordination compounds that contain O as a ligand. The study of these compounds is inspired by oxygen-carrying proteins such as myoglobin, hemoglobin, hemerythrin, and hemocyanin. Several transition metals form complexes with O, and many of these complexes form reversibly. The binding of O is t... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
An old-standing topic in grain growth is the evolution of the grains size distribution. Inspired by the work of Lifshitz and Slyozov on Ostwald ripening, Hillert has suggested that in a normal grain growth process the size distribution function must converge to a self-similar solution, i.e. it becomes invariant when th... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
MFGM lipid components such as sphingomyelin and gangliosides are highly concentrated in the brain and support synaptogenesis and myelination. In the central nervous system, sphingomyelin is a key component of the myelin sheath, which insulates axons and supports efficient transmission of nerve impulses. During myelinat... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
For a circular bleach spot of radius and diffusion-dominated recovery, the fluorescence is described by an equation derived by Soumpasis (which involves modified Bessel functions and )
with the characteristic timescale for diffusion, and is the time. is the normalized fluorescence (goes to 1 as goes to infinity).... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In January researchers reported that six choroideremia patients had been treated with adeno-associated virus with a copy of REP1. Over a six-month to two-year period all had improved their sight. By 2016, 32 patients had been treated with positive results and researchers were hopeful the treatment would be long-lasting... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Florida Everglades is located in southern Florida. The ecosystem is essentially a subtropical fresh water marsh composed of a variety of flora and fauna. Of particular note is the saw grass and ridge slough formations that make the Everglades unique. Over the course of the past century mankind has had a rising pr... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
:Automated diffraction tomography (ADT) uses software to collect diffraction patterns over a series of slight tilt increments. In this way, a three-dimensional (tomographic) data set of reciprocal lattice intensities can be generated and used for structure determination. By coupling this technique with PED, the range a... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The expansion of gold mining in the Rand of South Africa began to slow down in the 1880s, as the new deposits being found tended to contain pyritic ore. The gold could not be extracted from this compound with any of the then available chemical processes or technologies.
In 1887, John Stewart MacArthur, working in colla... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
MLPA quantifies the presence of particular sequences in a sample of DNA, using a specially designed probe pair for each target sequence of interest. The process consists of multiple steps:
# The sample DNA is denatured, resulting in single-stranded sample DNA.
# Pairs of probes are hybridized to the sample DNA, with ea... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Dentistry is one field in which free radical photopolymers have found wide usage as adhesives, sealant composites, and protective coatings. These dental composites are based on a camphorquinone photoinitiator and a matrix containing methacrylate oligomers with inorganic fillers such as silicon dioxide. Resin cements ar... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Doppler cooling, which is usually accompanied by a magnetic trapping force to give a magneto-optical trap, is by far the most common method of laser cooling. It is used to cool low density gases down to the Doppler cooling limit, which for rubidium-85 is around 150 microkelvins.
In Doppler cooling, initially, the frequ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Two structural components are necessary for integrase binding: a hydrophobic benzyl moiety that buries into a highly hydrophobic pocket near the active site; and chelating triad that binds with two Mg ions in a rather hydrophilic region, anchoring the inhibitor onto the protein surface (see figure 3). In fact, all pote... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Most genes considered master regulators code for transcription factor proteins, which in turn alter the expression of downstream genes in the pathway. Canonical examples of master regulators include Oct-4 (also called POU5F1), SOX2, and NANOG, all transcription factors involved in maintaining pluripotency in stem cells... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The stability of emulsions can be characterized using techniques such as light scattering, focused beam reflectance measurement, centrifugation, and rheology. Each method has advantages and disadvantages. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In polymer chemistry, the equivalent weight of a reactive polymer is the mass of polymer which has one equivalent of reactivity (often, the mass of polymer which corresponds to one mole of reactive side-chain groups). It is widely used to indicate the reactivity of polyol, isocyanate, or epoxy thermoset resins which wo... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
: The codon AUG both codes for methionine and serves as an initiation site: the first AUG in an mRNA's coding region is where translation into protein begins. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
An hydrological transport model is a mathematical model used to simulate the flow of rivers, streams, groundwater movement or drainage front displacement, and calculate water quality parameters. These models generally came into use in the 1960s and 1970s when demand for numerical forecasting of water quality and draina... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Diazirines have been used in photoaffinity labeling experiments involving nucleic acids as well. Examples include:
* Incorporation of a diazirine moiety on a nucleoside sugar in a DNA polymer to investigate interactions between the minor groove of DNA and DNA polymerases.
* Incorporation of a diazirine moiety on a nucl... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Coelenterazine is a luciferin, a molecule that emits light after reaction with oxygen, found in many aquatic organisms across eight phyla. It is the substrate of many luciferases such as Renilla reniformis luciferase (Rluc), Gaussia luciferase (Gluc), and photoproteins, including aequorin, and obelin. All these protein... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The core was probably originally compiled around AD 600, perhaps in Alexandria in Egypt, in Greek. The core contains items traceable to earlier Alexandrian Greek texts, particularly the Stockholm papyrus and Leiden Papyrus X, which are Greek texts dated to the 2nd or 3rd century AD that contain some of the same and sim... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
If a drop is placed on a smooth, horizontal surface, it is generally not in the equilibrium state. Hence, it spreads until an equilibrium contact radius is reached (partial wetting). While taking into account capillary, gravitational, and viscous contributions, the drop radius as a function of time can be expressed as
... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* 1983: Humboldt Prize.
* 1997: The Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) named Stuiver Valley in Antarctica after Minze Stuiver for his work on radiocarbon dating Antarctic samples.
* 1993: The 13th Pomerance Award of the Archaeological Institute of America for Scientific Contributions to Archaeology went to... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The relative amount of fading can be measured and studied by using standard test strips. In the workflow of the Blue Wool test, one reference strip set shall be stored protected from any exposure to light. Simultaneously, another equivalent test strip set is exposed under a light source defined in the standard. For exa... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Different thermogalvanic cells have been constructed attending to their uses and properties. Usually they are classified according to the electrolyte employed in each specific type of cell. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Phosphine (IUPAC name: phosphane) is a colorless, flammable, highly toxic compound with the chemical formula PH, classed as a pnictogen hydride. Pure phosphine is odorless, but technical grade samples have a highly unpleasant odor like rotting fish, due to the presence of substituted phosphine and diphosphane (). With ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Above 973K, the Deacon reaction is reversed, yielding hydrogen chloride and oxygen from water and chlorine:
::HO + Cl → 2 HCl + 1/2 O | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Although small in terms of power, the disposal of waste heat from microchips and other electronic components, represents a significant engineering challenge. This necessitates the use of fans, heatsinks, etc. to dispose of the heat.
For example, data centers use electronic components that consume electricity for comput... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
After periods of post-doctoral research at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne and the University of Manchester in 1965 and 1966, Robinson was a faculty member in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Otago in Dunedin from 1967 to 2006. He became a professor in 1985 and the Mellor Professor of Chemistry in... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In 1938, Emilio Segrè and Glenn T. Seaborg isolated for the first time the metastable isotope technetium-99m, after bombarding natural molybdenum with 8 MeV deuterons in the cyclotron of Ernest Orlando Lawrence's Radiation laboratory. In 1970 Seaborg explained that:
Later in 1940, Emilio Segrè and Chien-Shiung Wu publ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Source:
* HL: With agents to enhance corrosion protection and age resistance. Used in hydraulic systems that do not pose any requirements as to wear protection.
* HLP: With agents to enhance corrosion protection and age resistance. Suitable for most fields of application and components.
* HLPD: As HLP but also used in... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The bond angles in aziridine are approximately 60°, considerably less than the normal hydrocarbon bond angle of 109.5°, which results in angle strain as in the comparable cyclopropane and ethylene oxide molecules. A banana bond model explains bonding in such compounds. Aziridine is less basic than acyclic aliphatic ami... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Another level of complexity comes from the existence of slow redox-driven reactions that may change the activity of the enzyme and make the response depart from steady-state. Here, slow means that the time scale of the (in)activation is similar to the voltammetric time scale . If a RDE is used, these slow (in)activatio... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Source:
Consider a semi-infinite fuel surface with leading edge located at and let the free stream oxidizer velocity be . Through the solution of Blasius equation ( is the self-similar Howarth–Dorodnitsyn coordinate), the mass flux ( is density and is vertical velocity) in the vertical direction can be obtained
wh... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
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