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Over-fertilized plants are said to have less flavor, and too much nitrogen can be consumed by eating certain plants which have been over-fertilised (e.g., spinach). Advocates state that overfertilization is a risk in the first year if woodchips are used, which will break down too fast. Instead raised beds made with who... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
While a thermocouple wire type is often described by its chemical composition, the actual aim is to produce a pair of wires that follow a standardized curve.
Impurities affect each batch of metal differently, producing variable Seebeck coefficients.
To match the standard behaviour, thermocouple wire manufacturers will... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Hemodynamics is the study of blood flow in the circulatory system. Blood flow in straight sections of the arterial tree are typically laminar (high, directed wall stress), but branches and curvatures in the system cause turbulent flow. Turbulent flow in the arterial tree can cause a number of concerning effects, includ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Bromophenol is also used as a colour marker to monitor the process of agarose gel electrophoresis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Since bromophenol blue carries a slight negative charge at moderate pH, it will migrate in the same direction as DNA or protein in a gel; the rate at which it migrates varies accord... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A metallurgical method employed in the purification of copper which contains copper oxide as an impurity and also in the purification of tin which contains tin oxide (stannic oxide or "SnO") as an impurity. The impure metal, usually in the form of molten blister copper, is placed in an anode furnace for two stages of r... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The noncanonical PCP pathway regulates cell morphology, division, and movement. Once again Wnt proteins binds to and activates Frizzled so that Frizzled activates a Dishevelled protein that is tethered to the plasma membrane through a Prickle protein and transmembrane Stbm protein. The active Dishevelled activates RhoA... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Some forms of ribosomal pause are reversible without needing to discard the translated peptide and mRNA. This sort, usually described as a slowdown, is usually caused by polyproline stretches (resolved by EFP or eIF5A) and uncharged tRNA. Slowdowns are important for the cell to control how much protein is produced; it ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
If one disregards the tangential components of the velocity field, as frequently done in the study of thin fluid film, one arrives at the following simplified system with only two unknowns: the two dimensional density and the normal velocity : | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
EosFP consists of 226 amino acids. It has a molecular mass of 25.8 kDa and its pI is 6.9. Eos has 84% identical residues to Kaede, a fluorescent protein that originated in a different scleractinian coral Trachyphyllia geoffroyi, but can also be irreversibly converted from a green to red emitting form using UV light. ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Heat is not to be confused with internal energy or synonymously thermal energy. While intimately connected to heat, they are distinct physical quantities.
As a heating technology, Joule heating has a coefficient of performance of 1.0, meaning that every joule of electrical energy supplied produces one joule of heat. In... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
He was born in Logroño, La Rioja, Spain son of Basque-French parents from Hasparren, France.
Between 1773 and 1777, Elhúyar studied medicine, surgery and chemistry, as well as mathematics, physics and natural history with his brother Juan José Elhuyar in Paris. After graduating, he returned to Spain, where he exercise... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Prelog attended elementary school in Sarajevo, but in 1915, as a child, Prelog moved to Zagreb (then part of the Austro-Hungary) with his parents. In Zagreb he graduated from elementary school. At first, he attended gymnasium in Zagreb, but soon afterwards, his father got a job in Osijek, so he continued his education ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The phase structure of quark matter remains mostly conjectural because it is difficult to perform calculations predicting the properties of quark matter. The reason is that QCD, the theory describing the dominant interaction between quarks, is strongly coupled at the densities and temperatures of greatest physical inte... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Defined by flows through a system, a flow process is a steady state of flow into and out of a vessel with definite wall properties. The internal state of the vessel contents is not the primary concern. The quantities of primary concern describe the states of the inflow and the outflow materials, and, on the side, the t... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
ESP was first developed and published in 2003 by Dr. Collins and his colleagues in University of California, San Francisco. Their study revealed the chromosome rearrangements and CNV of MCF7 human cancer cells at a 150kb resolution, which is much more accurate compared to both CGH and spectral karyotyping at that time.... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Manufacturers such as Victaulic and Grinnell produce sleeve-clamp fittings, which replace many flange connections. They attach to the end of a pipe segment via circumferential grooves pressed (or cut) around the end of the pipe to be joined. They are widely used on larger steel pipes and can also be used with other ma... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
There are 2 regular complex apeirogons, sharing the vertices of the trihexagonal tiling. Regular complex apeirogons have vertices and edges, where edges can contain 2 or more vertices. Regular apeirogons p{q}r are constrained by: 1/p + 2/q + 1/r = 1. Edges have p vertices arranged like a regular polygon, and vertex fig... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In quantum mechanics, the energy levels of electrons in atoms depend on the reduced mass of the system of electron and nucleus. For the hydrogen atom, the role of reduced mass is most simply seen in the Bohr model of the atom, where the reduced mass appears in a simple calculation of the Rydberg constant and Rydberg eq... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Tetraanthraporphyrin, or tetraanthra[2,3]porphyrin (TAP), is a representative of extended porphyrins.
Despite promising properties, tetraanthraporphyrins have until recently been little studied. As was theoretically predicted,
extension of pi-electronic system results in the case of TAPs in the destabilization of the t... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
One conducting polymer coating that has shown promising results for improving the performance of neural electrodes is polypyrrole (PPy). Polypyrrole has great biocompatibility and conductive properties, which makes it a good option for the use in neural electrodes. PPy has been shown to have a good interaction with bio... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The current production method is based on the first scalable synthesis developed by Gilead Sciences starting from naturally occurring quinic acid or shikimic acid. Due to lower yields and the extra steps required (because of the additional dehydration), the quinic acid route was dropped in favour of the one based on s... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Neopterin is an organic compound belonging to the pteridine class of heterocyclic compounds.
Neopterin belongs to the chemical group known as pteridines. It is synthesised by human macrophages upon stimulation with the cytokine interferon-gamma and is indicative of a pro-inflammatory immune status. Neopterin serves as ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In a system of Euclidean spatial dimension that has an arbitrary number of components, the sum is made over all the constituents. and are respectively the fraction and the conductivity of each component, and is the effective conductivity of the medium. (The sum over the 's is unity.) | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Further work by Goossen et al. described the synthesis of ketones from α-oxocarboxylic acids with aryl or heteroaryl bromides through an acyl anion intermediate. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
This family of clusters includes the closo cages . This family of clusters are also lightly studied owing to synthetic difficulties. Also reflecting synthetic challenges, many of these compounds are best known as their alkyl derivatives. 1,5- is the only known isomer of the five-vertex cage. It is prepared from the rea... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Specific dynamic action (SDA), also known as thermic effect of food (TEF) or dietary induced thermogenesis (DIT), is the amount of energy expenditure above the basal metabolic rate due to the cost of processing food for use and storage. Heat production by brown adipose tissue which is activated after consumption of a ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Hexamer primers are sequences composed of six random nucleotides. For MDA applications, these primers are usually thiophosphate-modified at their 3’ end to convey resistance to the 3’–5’ exonuclease activity of Ф29 DNA polymerase. MDA reactions start with the annealing of such primers to the DNA template followed... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Absorption is the journey of a drug travelling from the site of administration to the site of action.
The drug travels by some route of administration (oral, topical-dermal, etc.) in a chosen dosage form (e.g., tablets, capsules, or in solution). Absorption by some other routes, such as intravenous therapy, intramuscul... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The introduction of lasers in atomic manipulation experiments was the precursor to the laser cooling proposals in the mid 1970s. Laser cooling was proposed separately in 1975 by two different research groups: Hänsch and Schawlow,
and Wineland and Dehmelt. Both proposals outlined the simplest laser cooling process, kno... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Dalitz plot is a two-dimensional plot often used in particle physics to represent the relative frequency of various (kinematically distinct) manners in which the products of certain (otherwise similar) three-body decays may move apart.
The phase-space of a decay of a pseudoscalar into three spin-0 particles can be ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Electroanalytical methods utilize the potential or current of a electrochemical cell. The three main sections of this type of analysis are potentiometry, coulometry and voltammetry. Potentiometry measures the cells potential, coulometry measures the cells current, and voltammetry measures the change in current when cel... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Thomas Messinger Drown (March 19, 1842 – November 17, 1904) was the fourth University President of Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States. He was also an analytical chemist and metallurgist. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Depending on the virus, a variety of genetic changes can occur in the host cell. In the case of a lytic cycle virus, the cell will only survive long enough to the replication machinery to be used to create additional viral units. In other cases, the viral DNA will persist within the host cell and replicate as the cel... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
It also brings around the conversion of a hydrazone to a diazo compound, for example in the diazo-thioketone coupling. It also converts thioacetals to their parent carbonyl compounds. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In organic chemistry, a dipolar compound or simply dipole is an electrically neutral molecule carrying a positive and a negative charge in at least one canonical description. In most dipolar compounds the charges are delocalized.
Unlike salts, dipolar compounds have charges on separate atoms, not on positive and negati... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
An auxiliary bridge allows armourstone to be directly deposited into the closing gap. This method was contemplated for the Delta Works' Oesterdam closure but was ultimately deemed more expensive than sand closure. In the Netherlands, such a technique was applied during the closure of the dike around De Biesbosch polder... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Aeration times vary according to the plant size and the composition/quantity of the incoming liquor, but are typically 60 to 90 minutes. The addition of oxygen to the liquor encourages the multiplication of aerobic bacteria and they consume the nutrients. This process encourages the conversion of nitrogen from its redu... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Young equation assumes a perfectly flat and rigid surface often referred to as an ideal surface. In many cases, surfaces are far from this ideal situation, and two are considered here: the case of rough surfaces , to the so-called receding contact angle, . The equilibrium contact angle () can be calculated from an... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Gibson & Ashby micromechanical models for porous materials provide mathematical equations for the prediction of mechanical parameters based on experimentally determined geometric constants. The constants of proportionality are determined by fitting experimental data to various mathematical models for structures consist... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The shower-curtain effect in physics describes the phenomenon of a shower curtain being blown inward when a shower is running. The problem of identifying the cause of this effect has been featured in Scientific American magazine, with several theories given to explain the phenomenon but no definite conclusion.
The show... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Leuckart thiophenol reaction is the decomposition of a diazoxanthate, by gentle warming in a slightly acidic cuprous medium, to its corresponding aryl xanthates which give aryl thiols on alkaline hydrolysis and aryl thioethers on further warming.
This reaction was first reported by Rudolf Leuckart in 1890. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Untreated organic matter that contains fecal coliform can be harmful to the environment. Aerobic decomposition of this material can reduce dissolved oxygen levels if discharged into rivers or waterways. This may reduce the oxygen level enough to kill fish and other aquatic life. Reduction of fecal coliform in wastewate... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Palmitoylcarnitine contains the saturated fatty acid known as palmitic acid (C16:0) which is bound to the β-hydroxy group of the carnitine. The core carnitine structure, consisting of butanoate with a quaternary ammonium attached to C4 and hydroxy group at C3, is a common molecular backbone for the transfer of multiple... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Photosensitizers have existed within natural systems for as long as chlorophyll and other light sensitive molecules have been a part of plant life, but studies of photosensitizers began as early as the 1900s, where scientists observed photosensitization in biological substrates and in the treatment of cancer. Mechanist... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The earliest application of photoredox catalysis to Reductive dehalogenation were limited by narrow substrate scope or competing reductive coupling.
Unactivated carbon-iodine bonds can be reduced using the strongly reducing photocatalyst tris-(2,2’-phenylpyridine)iridium (Ir(ppy)). The increased reduction potential of ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Stöber process is a sol-gel approach to preparing monodisperse (uniform) spherical silica () materials that was developed by a team led by Werner Stöber and reported in 1968. The process, an evolution and extension of research described in Gerhard Kolbe's 1956 Ph.D. dissertation, was an innovative discovery that st... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The modern approach is to carry out DNA–DNA hybridization in silico utilizes completely or partially sequenced genomes. The [http://ggdc.dsmz.de GGDC] and [https://tygs.dsmz.de/ TYGS] developed at DSMZ are the most accurate known tools for calculating DDH-analogous values. Among other algorithmic improvements, it solve... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The School of Chemistry is a school of the University of Edinburgh, in Scotland. In the 2008 Research Assessment Exercise (RAE) the school was ranked sixth in the UK. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Gamma radiation penetrates further through matter than alpha or beta radiation. Most of the design of a typical fallout shelter is intended to protect against gamma rays. Gamma rays are better absorbed by materials with high atomic numbers and high density, although neither effect is important compared to the total mas... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Rhodopsin haloprotein family shares the ligand retinal, one of the many types of Vitamin A. Retinal is a conjugated poly-unsaturated chromophore (polyene), obtained from carnivorous diet or by the carotene pathway (β-carotene 15,15'-monoxygenase). | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A few molecules have a tetrahedral geometry with no central atom. An inorganic example is tetraphosphorus () which has four phosphorus atoms at the vertices of a tetrahedron and each bonded to the other three. An organic example is tetrahedrane () with four carbon atoms each bonded to one hydrogen and the other three c... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Al-Kindi authored works on a number of important mathematical subjects, including arithmetic, geometry, the Hindu numbers, the harmony of numbers, lines and multiplication with numbers, relative quantities, measuring proportion and time, and numerical procedures and cancellation. He also wrote four volumes, On the Use ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The material with which a pipe is manufactured is often the basis for choosing a pipe. Materials used for manufacturing pipes include:
* Carbon (CS) and galvanized steel
* Impact-tested carbon steel (ITCS)
* Low-temperature carbon steel (LTCS)
* Stainless steel (SS)
* Malleable iron
* Chrome-molybdenum (alloy) steel (g... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Kallidin is a bioactive kinin formed in response to injury from kininogen precursors through the action of kallikreins.
Kallidin is a decapeptide whose sequence is H-Lys-Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg-OH. It can be converted to bradykinin by the aminopeptidase enzyme.
It can be a substrate for carboxypeptidase M a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
RNA interference (RNAi) methods can be used to transiently silence or knockdown gene expression using ~20 base-pair double-stranded RNA typically delivered by transfection of synthetic ~20-mer short-interfering RNA molecules (siRNAs) or by virally encoded short-hairpin RNAs (shRNAs). RNAi screens, typically performed i... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Underground House in Ward, Colorado, was a subterranean dwelling known for its architectural design, which embraced the concept of underground living. The house was designed by architect Julian "Jay" Swayze (1923–1981) in the 1960s. The dwelling is an example of an unconventional approach to residential constructi... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In 2019, Floriana participated in a research which reported the capability of a MFI-type zeolite (NbAlS-1) could be used to convert aqueous solutions of γ-valerolactone (GVL) (obtained from biomass-derived carbohydrates) into butenes with a yield of more than 99% at ambient pressure under continuous flow conditions. Th... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
*2001 – Chester F. Carlson Award, American Society for Engineering Education
*2006 – Distinguished Alumni Award, University of Minnesota
*2006 – Distinguished Service Award, American Society for Engineering Education
*2014 – Honorary Doctorate, University of Technology Malaysia
*2015 – Lifetime Achievement Award, Amer... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Molecules adsorbed on a surface are picked up by a
microscopic tip (nanometres wide) that is located on the end of an elastic cantilever. In a more sophisticated version of this experiment (Chemical Force Microscopy) the tips are covalently functionalized with the molecules of interest. A piezoelectric controller the... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Geopolymerization is the process of combining many small molecules known as oligomers into a covalently bonded network. The geo-chemical syntheses are carried out through oligomers (dimer, trimer, tetramer, pentamer) which are believed to contribute to the formation of the actual structure of the three-dimensional macr... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The grand potential or Landau potential or Landau free energy is a quantity used in statistical mechanics, especially for irreversible processes in open systems.
The grand potential is the characteristic state function for the grand canonical ensemble. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Biomarkers of exposure are the actual chemicals, or chemical metabolites, that can be measured in the body or after excretion from the body to determine different characteristics of an organism’s exposure. For example, a person or fish’s blood can be tested to see the levels of lead and therefore determine the exposur... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
He was born in Kanazawa, Ishikawa prefecture, in 1885. In 1906 he entered the Department of Chemistry of Tokyo Imperial University, where he studied under Tamemasa Haga and Kikunae Ikeda. He continued his study in the graduate college of the university, and the Degree of Doctorate of Science was conferred for his res... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Freweini was born in Ethiopia and educated in the United States, studying chemical engineering at Prairie View A&M University. In 2005, she patented a reusable menstrual pad that can be used for up to 2 years with proper care. As of 2019, she employs hundreds of locals in Tigray region of Ethiopia, and makes more than ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Smolková-Keulemansová was born on 27 April 1927, in Prague, the Czech Republic (then Czechoslovakia) to a Jewish family. She had a normal childhood in Czechoslovakia as an only child to her parents Alice and Oskar. She finished primary school and had started grammar school but was taken out of school by her father afte... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Anthocyanins are approved for use as food colorants in the European Union, Australia, and New Zealand, having colorant code E163. In 2013, a panel of scientific experts for the European Food Safety Authority concluded that anthocyanins from various fruits and vegetables have been insufficiently characterized by safety ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The theory is based on the principle that the statistical properties are invariant for rotations about a particular direction (say), and reflections in planes containing and perpendicular to . This type of axisymmetry is sometimes referred to as strong axisymmetry or axisymmetry in the strong sense, opposed to weak a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A chemolithotroph is able to use inorganic reduced compounds in its energy-producing reactions. This process involves the oxidation of inorganic compounds coupled to ATP synthesis. The majority of chemolithotrophs are chemolithoautotrophs, able to fix carbon dioxide (CO) through the Calvin cycle, a metabolic pathway in... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The parent nuclide of Tc, Mo, is mainly extracted for medical purposes from the fission products created in neutron-irradiated uranium-235 targets, the majority of which is produced in five nuclear research reactors around the world using highly enriched uranium (HEU) targets. Smaller amounts of Mo are produced from lo... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Alex Berman (February 7, 1914 - June 29, 2000) was professor emeritus of history and of historical studies in pharmacy at the University of Cincinnati. He was a specialist in the history of French pharmacy. His papers are kept at the Lloyd Library and Museum. He was the recipient of the Kremers Award for excellence in ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Examples of alkaliphiles include Halorhodospira halochloris, Natronomonas pharaonis, and Thiohalospira alkaliphila. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The test was used in forensics for many years to test for the traces of nitroglycerine. Caustic soda is used to break down sample containing nitroglycerine to produce nitrite ions.
The test involves the taking of a sample with ether and its division into two bowls. Caustic soda is added to the first bowl followed by t... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Although the movement of the mass center of the monomer is restricted by the crystal during the polymerization, the slight change of the bond length before and after the reaction give rise to the shifting of lattice parameters. Consider a real-life topochemical polymerization initiated by irradiation: if monomer beneat... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Naphthalene, an organic compound commonly found in pesticides such as mothballs, sublimes easily because it is made of non-polar molecules that are held together only by van der Waals intermolecular forces. Naphthalene is a solid that sublimes gradually at standard temperature and pressure, at a high rate, with the cri... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A knowledge of environmental soil chemistry is paramount to predicting the fate of contaminants, as well as the processes by which they are initially released into the soil. Once a chemical is exposed to the soil environment, myriad chemical reactions can occur that may increase or decrease contaminant toxicity. These ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
CoQ taken as a pharmacological substance has potential to inhibit the effects of theophylline as well as the anticoagulant warfarin; CoQ may interfere with warfarins actions by interacting with cytochrome p450 enzymes thereby reducing the INR, a measure of blood clotting. The structure of CoQ is similar to that of vita... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The structure of trityl persulfide has been determined by X-ray crystallography. The S-S bond length is 204 picometers and the C-S-S-H dihedral angle is 82°. These parameters are unexceptional. (CH)CSSH behaves as a source of sulfur, illustrated by its reaction with triphenylphosphine to give triphenylphosphine sulfi... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
When an excess of Ba is added to a non-ionic surfactant of the alkyl propylene oxide derivative type, a pseudo-cationic complex is formed. This may be titrated with standard sodium tetraphenylborate. Two moles tetraphenylborate react with one mole of the Ba/ non-ionic surfactant complex. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The persistent radical effect (PRE) in chemistry describes and explains the selective product formation found in certain free-radical cross-reactions. In these type of reactions, different radicals compete in secondary reactions. The so-called persistent (long-lived) radicals do not self-terminate and only react in cr... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Some modern plugholes dispense with the need for a separate plug, having instead a built-in pop-up plug operated by a handle on the sink, that can move up or down to open or close the plughole. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Glucosylceramides (GluCer) are the most widely distributed glycosphingolipids in cells serving as precursors for the formation of over 200 known glycosphingolipids. GluCer is formed by the glycosylation of ceramide in an organelle called Golgi via enzymes called glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) or by the breakdown of c... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The oldest inscription on the pillar is that of a king named Chandra (IAST: ), generally identified as the Gupta emperor Chandragupta II. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Robinose is a disaccharide composed of 6″-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl-β-galactopyranoside. The sugar can be found in Acalypha hispida.
Robinin is a kaempferol-3-O-robinoside-7-O-rhamnoside. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In organic chemistry, an isodiazene, also known by the incorrectly constructed (but commonly used) name 1,1-diazene or systematic name diazanylidene, is an organic derivative of the parent isodiazene (HN=N, also called 1,1-diimide) with general formula RRN=N. The functional group has two major resonance forms, a diaze... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Water Environment Federation (WEF) is a not-for-profit technical and educational organization of more than 34,000 individual members and 75 Member Associations (MAs) representing water quality professionals around the world. WEF, which was formerly known as the Federation of Sewage Works Associations and later as t... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Electrolyte: The electrolyte is a molten bath of cryolite (NaAlF) and dissolved alumina. Cryolite is a good solvent for alumina with low melting point, satisfactory viscosity, and low vapour pressure. Its density is also lower than that of liquid aluminium (2 vs 2.3 g/cm), which allows natural separation of the product... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Microwave digestion is a common technique used by elemental scientists to dissolve heavy metals in the presence of organic molecules prior to analysis by inductively coupled plasma, atomic absorption, or atomic emission measurements.
This technique is usually accomplished by exposing a sample to a strong acid in a clos... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
[https://iifiir.org/en/fridoc FRIDOC] is the most comprehensive database in the world dedicated to refrigeration. It contains over 110,000 references to documents in all domains of refrigeration.
A large number of the documents referenced in FRIDOC are scientific and technical. FRIDOC also contains many review articles... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Microarrays use hybridization probes to test the prevalence of known DNA sequences, thus they cannot be used to identify unexpected genetic changes. In contrast, the high-throughput sequencing technologies used in exome sequencing directly provide the nucleotide sequences of DNA at the thousands of exonic loci tested. ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The inscription covers an area of 2′9.5″× 10.5″(65.09 cm x 26.67 cm). The ancient writing is preserved well because of the corrosion-resistant iron on which it is engraved. However, during the engraving process, iron appears to have closed up over some of the strokes, making some of the letters imperfect.
It contains ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The CMC generally depends on the method of measuring the samples, since A and B depend on the properties of the solution such as conductance, photochemical characteristics, or surface tension. When the degree of aggregation is monodisperse, then the CMC is not related to the method of measurement. On the other hand, wh... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The NDUFAF6 gene is located on the q arm of chromosome 8 in position 22.1 and spans 222,728 base pairs. The gene produces a 38.2 kDa protein composed of 333 amino acids. The protein contains a predicted phytoene synthase domain. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* Chapter (Molecular Spectroscopy), Section (Vibration-rotation spectra) and page numbers may be different in different editions. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In the 1950s, three groups made it their goal to determine the structure of DNA. The first group to start was at Kings College London and was led by Maurice Wilkins and was later joined by Rosalind Franklin. Another group consisting of Francis Crick and James Watson was at Cambridge. A third group was at Caltech and wa... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Acid–base imbalance occurs when a significant insult causes the blood pH to shift out of the normal range (7.32 to 7.42). An abnormally low pH in the extracellular fluid is called an acidemia and an abnormally high pH is called an alkalemia.
Acidemia and alkalemia unambiguously refer to the actual change in the pH of t... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
About 20 million kg per year are produced industrially as both a by-product of and precursor to the manufacture of Teflon. It is produced by reaction of chloroform with HF:
It is also generated biologically in small amounts apparently by decarboxylation of trifluoroacetic acid. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
OFM was developed and is manufactured by Aroa Biosurgery Limited (New Zealand, formerly Mesynthes Limited, New Zealand) and was first patented in 2008 and described in the scientific literature in 2010. OFM is manufactured from sheep rumen tissue, using a process of decellularization to selectively remove the unwanted... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The use of cross-linked enzyme crystals (CLECs) as industrial biocatalysts was pioneered by Altus Biologics in the 1990s. CLECs proved to be significantly more stable to denaturation by heat, organic solvents and proteolysis than the corresponding soluble enzyme or lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. CLECs are robust, h... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Americium-241 has been used as a source of low energy gamma photons, it has been used in some applications such as portable X-ray fluorescence equipment (XRF) and common household ionizing smoke detectors. Americium-241 is produced from in nuclear reactors through multiple neutron captures and subsequent beta decays w... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
As studied in coordination chemistry, metal ions (usually transition metal ions) exist in solution bound to ligands, In many cases, the coordination sphere defines geometries conducive to reactions either between ligands or involving ligands and other external reagents.
A well known metal-ion-templating was described ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
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