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In 1986, Novotny was given the Award in Chromatography from the American Chemical Society. Novotny received the ANACHEM award in 1992. This award is given to outstanding analytical chemists for teaching, research, administration or other activities which have advanced of the field.
Novotny was also selected as the LCG... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Arenediazonium salts have been reported as an alternative to aryl halides for the Sonogashira coupling reaction. Gold(I) chloride has been used as co-catalyst combined with palladium(II) chloride in the coupling of arenediazonium salts with terminal alkynes, a process carried out in the presence of bis-2,6-diisopropylp... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Algae biodiesel is still a fairly new technology. Despite the fact that research began over 30 years ago, it was put on hold during the mid-1990s, mainly due to a lack of funding and a relatively low petroleum cost. For the next few years algae biofuels saw little attention; it was not until the gas peak of the early 2... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Many nickel-based superalloys depend on solid solution as a strengthening mechanism. The most popular example is the Inconel family, where many of these alloys contain chromium and iron and some other additions of cobalt, molybdenum, niobium, and titanium. The nickel-based superalloys are well known for their intensive... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* The Tarot, Magic, Alchemy, Hermeticism, and Neoplatonism, Second Edition 2019,
*Alchemy and the Tarot: An Examination of the Historic Connection between Alchemy and the Tarot, with a Guide to The Alchemical Tarot, 2011,
* The Fools Journey: the History, Art, & Symbolism of the Tarot', 2010,
* Mysteries, Legends, ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In swimming or flying animals, Strouhal number is defined as
where,
: f = oscillation frequency (tail-beat, wing-flapping, etc.),
: U = flow rate,
: A = peak-to-peak oscillation amplitude.
In animal flight or swimming, propulsive efficiency is high over a narrow range of Strouhal constants, generally peaking in the 0.... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
These catalysts are metallocenes together with a cocatalyst, typically MAO, −[O−Al(CH)]−. The idealized metallocene catalysts have the composition CpMCl (M = Ti, Zr, Hf) such as titanocene dichloride. Typically, the organic ligands are derivatives of cyclopentadienyl. In some complexes, the two cyclopentadiene (Cp) rin... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A number of distinct reactions are associated with the term ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling. Remodeling enzymes have been shown to slide nucleosomes along DNA, disrupt histone-DNA contacts to the extent of destabilizing the H2A/H2B dimer and to generate negative superhelical torsion in DNA and chromatin. Recently, t... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In molecular biology and physiology, something is GABAergic or GABAnergic if it pertains to or affects the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). For example, a synapse is GABAergic if it uses GABA as its neurotransmitter, and a GABAergic neuron produces GABA. A substance is GABAergic if it produces its effec... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Dr. Norbert Bischofberger (born 10 January 1956 in Mellau, Austria) is an Austrian scientist and one of the inventors of the antiviral drug Tamiflu generically known as oseltamivir, which is, as of 2009, the only oral medication on the market to treat influenza A and B as well as the 2009 Pandemic H1N1 (swine flu), the... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* Bacteroides spp., including B. fragilis
* Enterobacter spp.
* Escherichia coli
* Haemophilus influenzae
* Klebsiella species
* Morganella morganii
* Neisseria gonorrhoeae
* Proteus mirabilis
* Proteus vulgaris
* Providencia rettgeri
* Pseudomonas spp., including P. aeruginosa
* Serratia marcescens | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The ascidian mitochondrial code (translation table 13) is a genetic code found in the mitochondria of Ascidia. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The 4-1BB/4-1BBL complex consists of three monomeric 4-1BBs bound to a trimeric 4-1BBL. Each 4-1BB monomer binds to two 4-1BBLs via cysteine-rich domains (CRDs). The interaction between 4-1BB and the second 4-1BBL is required to stabilize their interactions. The link with 4-1BBL is largely made up of amino acids from t... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A nanodomain is a nanometer-sized cluster of proteins found in a cell membrane. They are associated with the signal which occurs when a single calcium ion channel opens on a cell membrane, allowing an influx of calcium ions (Ca) which extend in a plume a few tens of nanometres from the channel pore. In a nanodomain, th... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Stillson wrench is an adjustable wrench (spanner) with hardened serrated teeth on its jaws. The hard teeth bite into the softer metal of the round pipe and provide the grip needed to turn a pipe, even against fair resistance. The design of the adjustable jaw, which permits a certain amount of intentional play out o... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
This includes screws, as well as bolts. This is often used as it requires relatively little specialist equipment, and are therefore often used in flat-pack furniture. It can also be used when a metal is joined to another material (such as wood) or a particular metal does not weld well (such as aluminum). This can be do... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Carolinium and berzelium were the proposed names for new chemical elements that Charles Baskerville believed he had isolated from the already known element thorium.
During his time at the University of North Carolina, Baskerville experimented with thorium and published his results in 1901. He reported having separated... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The sum of the mass concentrations of all components (including the solvent) gives the density of the solution:
Thus, for pure component the mass concentration equals the density of the pure component. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The IGSN was developed as part of SESAR with the support of the National Science Foundation at the Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory. The project was initiated and managed by the Geoinformatics for Geochemistry Program under the direction of Kerstin Lehnert to address data curation obstacles such as different samples th... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Due to their ability to scatter light back into the photovoltaic structure and low absorption, plasmonic nanoparticles are under investigation as a method for increasing solar cell efficiency. Forcing more light to be absorbed by the dielectric increases efficiency.
Plasmons can be excited by optical radiation and indu... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Cytidine residues, modified once to m5C (discussed above), can be further modified: either oxidised once for 5-hydroxylmethylcytidine (hm5C), or oxidised twice for 5-formylcytidine (f5C). Arising from the oxidative processing of m5C enacted in mammals by ten-eleven translocation (TET) family enzymes, hm5C is known to o... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The anabaseine molecule consists of a non-aromatic tetrahydropyridine ring connected to the 3rd carbon of a 3-pyridyl ring. It can exist in three forms at physiological pH: a ketone, imine, or iminium structure. Due to conjugation between the imine and 3-pyridyl ring, anabaseine exists as a nearly coplanar molecule. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Biosurfactants enhance the emulsification of hydrocarbons, thus they have the potential to solubilise hydrocarbon contaminants and increase their availability for microbial degradation. In addition, biosurfactants can modify the cell surface of bacteria that biodegrade hydrocarbons, which can also increase the biodegra... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Plastid terminal oxidase or plastoquinol terminal oxidase (PTOX) is an enzyme that resides on the thylakoid membranes of plant and algae chloroplasts and on the membranes of cyanobacteria. The enzyme was hypothesized to exist as a photosynthetic oxidase in 1982 and was verified by sequence similarity to the mitochondri... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Research based on the split gene theory sheds light on other basic questions of exons and introns. The exons of eukaryotes are generally short (human exons average ~120 bases, and can be as short as 10 bases) and introns are usually long (average of ~3,000 bases, and can be several hundred thousands bases long), for ex... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Mach reflection can exist in steady, pseudo-steady and unsteady flows. When a shock wave, which is moving with a constant velocity, propagates over a solid wedge, the flow generated by the shock impinges
on the wedge thus generating a second reflected shock, which ensures that the velocity of
the flow is parallel to th... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Cyanophages are viruses that infect cyanobacteria. Cyanophages can be found in both freshwater and marine environments. Marine and freshwater cyanophages have icosahedral heads, which contain double-stranded DNA, attached to a tail by connector proteins. The size of the head and tail vary among species of cyanophages. ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A galvanic cell or voltaic cell, named after the scientists Luigi Galvani and Alessandro Volta, respectively, is an electrochemical cell in which an electric current is generated from spontaneous oxidation–reduction reactions. A common apparatus generally consists of two different metals, each immersed in separate beak... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Intron-mediated enhancement (IME) is the ability of an intron sequence to enhance the expression of a gene containing that intron. In particular, the intron must be present in the transcribed region of the gene for enhancement to occur, differentiating IME from the action of typical transcriptional enhancers. Descripti... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Amidrazones are a class of chemical compounds formally derived from carboxylic acids. Amidrazones can exists in two tautomeric forms: hydrazide imides (RC(=NH)NHNH) and amide hydrazones (RC(NH)=NNH). | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
1,4-alpha-glucan-branching enzyme, also known as brancher enzyme or glycogen-branching enzyme is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GBE1 gene.
Glycogen branching enzyme is an enzyme that adds branches to the growing glycogen molecule during the synthesis of glycogen, a storage form of glucose. More specifically... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Winifred Burks-Houck (August 20, 1950 – May 6, 2004) was an environmental organic chemist and the first female president of National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers (NOBCChE), serving from 1993 – 2001. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The viperwolf (Nantang in Navi) is a hexapodal nocturnal carnivore. The species is scientifically known as Caniferratus costatus. It has bioluminescence for pack identification. Cameron described the viperwolves: "[They are] hairless with shiny skin that looks like overlapped armor. Most disturbing are its paws, which ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Common high-activity activators are mineral acids, often together with halides, amines, water or alcohols:
* hydrochloric acid, most common
* phosphoric acid, less common, use limited by its polymerization at higher temperatures
Inorganic acids are highly corrosive to metals even at room temperature, which causes issue... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
2,3-butanediol has a variety of industrial applications and products it can produce. The levo isomer of butanediol has a low freezing point of -60 °C, which allows it to work as an antifreeze agent. Through catalytic dehydrogenation, butanediol can form diacetyl. Diacetyl is a food additive that can be used to add flav... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Another route to isocyanides entails deprotonation of oxazoles and benzoxazoles in the 2-position. The resulting organolithium compound exists in chemical equilibrium with the 2-isocyanophenolate, which can be captured by an electrophile such as an acid chloride. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The original incarnation of FutureGen was as a public-private partnership to build the world's first near zero-emissions coal-fueled power plant. The 275-megawatt plant would be intended to prove the feasibility of producing electricity and hydrogen from coal while capturing and permanently storing carbon dioxide under... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
When coal is burned, various chemicals are released into the air. These chemicals include mercury, lead and other heavy metals, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides, the primary molecules contributing to the formation of acid rain. Additionally, an abundance of (CO), the primary greenhouse gas associated with burning fo... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Philippe Gengembre (1764–1838), a student of Lavoisier, first obtained phosphine in 1783 by heating white phosphorus in an aqueous solution of potash (potassium carbonate).
Perhaps because of its strong association with elemental phosphorus, phosphine was once regarded as a gaseous form of the element, but Lavoisier (1... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Pentaoxidane is an inorganic compound of hydrogen and oxygen with the chemical formula . This is one of the most unstable hydrogen polyoxides. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Suction cavitation occurs when the pump suction is under a low-pressure/high-vacuum condition where the liquid turns into a vapor at the eye of the pump impeller. This vapor is carried over to the discharge side of the pump, where it no longer sees vacuum and is compressed back into a liquid by the discharge pressure. ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Biolistics introduces DNA randomly into the target cells. Thus the DNA may be transformed into whatever genomes are present in the cell, be they nuclear, mitochondrial, plasmid or any others, in any combination, though proper construct design may mitigate this. The delivery and integration of multiple templates of the ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The majority of drugs either
There are 7 main drug actions:
*stimulating action through direct receptor agonism and downstream effects
*depressing action through direct receptor agonism and downstream effects (ex.: inverse agonist)
*blocking/antagonizing action (as with silent antagonists), the drug binds the receptor... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Natural phenols show optical properties characteristic of benzene, e.g. absorption near 270 nm. According to Woodward's rules, bathochromic shifts often also happen suggesting the presence of delocalised π electrons arising from a conjugation between the benzene and vinyls groups.
As molecules with higher conjugation l... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In silico experiments with Monte Carlo simulations demonstrated that both SPINA-GT and SPINA-GD can be estimated with sufficient reliability, even if laboratory assays have limited accuracy. This was confirmed by longitudinal in vivo studies that showed that GT has lower intraindividual variation (i.e. higher reliabili... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
An algae scrubber is a water filtering device (not to be confused with a scrubber pad used to clean glass) which uses light to grow algae; in this process, undesirable chemicals are removed from the water. Algae scrubbers allow saltwater, freshwater and pond hobbyists to operate their tanks using natural filtration in ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
When the speed of sound is known, the Mach number at which an aircraft is flying can be calculated by
where:
: M is the Mach number
: u is velocity of the moving aircraft and
: c is the speed of sound at the given altitude (more properly temperature)
and the speed of sound varies with the thermodynamic temperature as:
... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
acid is a member of the carboxylic acid family of organic compounds. It is a structural analog of butyric acid with a hydroxyl functional group and a methyl substituent located on its beta carbon. By extension, other structural analogs include acid and acid. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Delapril (INN, also known as alindapril) is an ACE inhibitor used as an antihypertensive drug in some European and Asian countries but not in America. It is taken orally, available in 15 mg and 30 mg tablets. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Solid materials typically come in two main types: crystalline and amorphous. In either case, a lattice or network of atoms and molecules form. In crystals, the lattice is a very neat, uniform assembly. However, nearly all crystals have defects in the stacking sequence of these molecules and atoms. A vacancy defect, whe... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
PAC has 2 loxP sites, which can be used by phage recombinases to form the product from its cre-gene recognition during Cre-Lox recombination. This process circularizes the DNA strand, forming a plasmid, which can then be inserted into bacteria such as Escherichia coli. The transformation is usually done by electroporat... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
All these analyses pointed out even that there are some elephant families friendlier than others and showed how there are dominant families that settle down in the best places, where there is plenty of food and water. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Plasmids are known to have very similar structure when under control of Iterons. This structure consists of an origin of replication upstream of a gene that codes for a replication initiator protein. The iterons themselves are known to cover about half of the origin of replication. Usually, iterons on the same plasmid ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Sludge bulking can occur which makes activated sludge difficult to settle and frequently has an adverse impact on final effluent quality. Treating sludge bulking and managing the plant to avoid a recurrence requires skilled management and may require full-time staffing of a works to allow immediate intervention.
The di... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
End sequence profiling (ESP) can be used to detect structural variations such as insertions, deletions, and chromosomal rearrangement. Compare to other methods that look at chromosomal abnormalities, ESP is particularly useful to identify copy neutral abnormalities such as inversions and translocations that would not b... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In the neighborhood of the origin, , Chandrasekhar provided an asymptotic expansion as
where . He also provided numerical solutions for the range . | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The research communities of vertebrate model organisms have adopted guidelines whereby genes in these species are given, whenever possible, the same names as their human orthologs. The use of prefixes on gene symbols to indicate species (e.g., "Z" for zebrafish) is discouraged. The recommended formatting of printed gen... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
This is the fourth member of the polyoxidanes. The first three are water [(mon)oxidane], hydrogen peroxide (dioxidane), and trioxidane. Tetroxidane is more unstable than the previous compounds. The term "tetraoxidane" extends beyond the parent compound to several daughter compounds of the general formula , where R can ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Glide symmetry can be observed in nature among certain fossils of the Ediacara biota; the machaeridians; and certain palaeoscolecid worms. It can also be seen in many extant groups of sea pens.
In Conway's Game of Life, a commonly occurring pattern called the glider is so named because it repeats its configuration of ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Gravitational sinking of organisms (or the remains of organisms) transfers particulate organic carbon from the surface waters of the ocean to its deep interior. This process is known as the biological pump, and quantifying it is of interest to scientists because it is an important aspect of the Earths carbon cycle. E... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
MLSS (g/L) = SV [mL/L]/SVI [mL/g] or SVI [mL/g] = SV30 [mL/L]/MLSS (g/L)
Where:<br />
SVI = sludge volume index (mL/g)<br />
SV30 = Volume of settled solids per 1 litre after 30 minutes
In fact SVI is a calculation from two analyses : SV30 and MLSS.
0=(Q+Q)(X)-(QX+QX')
Where: <br />
Q = wastewater flow rate (m/d... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The sterically encumbered germylene ligand (Dipp)PH, where Dipp=2,6-iPrCH, was synthesized by the addition of PCl to DippLi-(OEt), followed by the addition of LiAlH. (Dipp)PH was added to PhCHK, which is combined with GeCl to provide (DippP)Ge. The synthesis resulted in dark red crystals suitable for x-ray crystallogra... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Phytoplankton are mostly made up of lignin and cellulose, which are broken down by oxidative mechanism, which consume oxygen. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Droplet-based microfluidics is a subcategory of microfluidics in contrast with continuous microfluidics; droplet-based microfluidics manipulates discrete volumes of fluids in immiscible phases with low Reynolds number and laminar flow regimes. Interest in droplet-based microfluidics systems has been growing substantial... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Harry Clary Jones (11 November 1865 – 9 April 1916) was an American physical chemist and a professor of chemistry at Johns Hopkins University. He worked extensively on the chemistry of solutions. His textbook Elements of Physical Chemistry was influential in its day. In 1913, he published a vision of chemistry in his b... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Polyfluorenes often show both excimer and aggregate formation upon thermal annealing or when current is passed through them. Excimer formation involves the generation of dimerized units of the polymer which emit light at lower energies than the polymer itself. This hinders the use of polyfluorenes for most applications... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A Woods lamp is a diagnostic tool used in dermatology by which ultraviolet light is shone (at a wavelength of approximately 365 nanometers) onto the skin of the patient; a technician then observes any subsequent fluorescence. For example, porphyrins—associated with some skin diseases—will fluoresce pink. Though the tec... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Ionizing radiation has deterministic and stochastic effects on human health. Deterministic (acute tissue effect) events happen with certainty, with the resulting health conditions occurring in every individual who received the same high dose. Stochastic (cancer induction and genetic) events are inherently random, with ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Since 2008, there is a discussion about a hypothetical precursor state of the quark–gluon plasma, the so-called "Glasma", where the dressed particles are condensed into some kind of glassy (or amorphous) state, below the genuine transition between the confined state and the plasma liquid. This would be analogous to the... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Oxaziridines undergo cycloaddition reactions with heterocumulenes to afford a number of unique five membered heterocycles, as shown in the figure below. This reactivity is due to the strained three membered ring and weak N-O bond. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Transition metal complexes of thiocyanate describes coordination complexes containing one or more thiocyanate (SCN) ligands. The topic also includes transition metal complexes of isothiocyanate. These complexes have few applications but played significant role in the development of coordination chemistry. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The set of databases includes data from International Tables of Crystallography, Vol. A: Space-Group Symmetry, and the data of maximal subgroups of space groups as listed in International Tables of Crystallography, Vol. A1: Symmetry relations between space groups. A k-vector database with Brillouin zone figures and cla... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
EFDA has two locations, which each house a so-called Close Support Unit (CSU), responsible for part of EFDA's activities. The EFDA-CSU Garching is located in Garching, near Munich (Germany), and is hosted by the German [http://www.ipp.mpg.de/ Max-Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik]. [https://web.archive.org/web/200907231... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Since the discovery of ribozymes that exist in living organisms, there has been interest in the study of new synthetic ribozymes made in the laboratory. For example, artificially produced self-cleaving RNAs with good enzymatic activity have been produced. Tang and Breaker isolated self-cleaving RNAs by in vitro selecti... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Different species use a wide variety of chemical substances to send sexual signals. The first to be described chemically was bombykol, the silkworm moth's sex pheromone, which is a complex alcohol, (E,Z)-10,12-hexadecadienol, discovered in 1959. It is detected in the antennae of the male moth by a pheromone-binding pro... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Penetration enhancers have been applied to improve the absorption of poorly permeable, hydrophilic drugs or macromolecules. Permeation enhancers that have been used successfully for oral drug development include medium-chain fatty acids like caprylic acid or caprate, or its amino acid ester like Salcaprozate sodium (SN... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Because the solvent fraction of dilbit typically comprises volatile aromatics like naptha and benzene, reasonably rapid carrier vaporization can be expected to follow an above-ground spill—ostensibly enabling timely intervention by leaving only a viscous residue that is slow to migrate. Effective protocols to minimize ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Minister for the Environment, Heritage and Local Government Dick Roche criticised the show for "portraying Irish people as barbaric". The accident scenario is considered outlandish. In addition, the Irish government are currently attempting through a court action to close the Sellafield nuclear plant; the topic of the ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The condition relates activity coefficients in liquid phase to total pressure and the vapour pressures of pure components.
Azeotropes can form only when a mixture deviates from Raoults law, the equality of compositions in liquid phase and vapor phases, in vapour-liquid equilibrium and Daltons law the equality of pres... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
After ingestion, ethyl eicosapentaenoic acid (E-EPA) is metabolized to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). EPA is absorbed in the small intestine and enters circulation. Peak plasma concentration occurs about five hours after ingestion, and the half-life is about 89 hours. EPA is lipolyzed mostly in the liver. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In the early 11th century, the Islamic medical philosopher Avicenna wrote extensively on many subjects including medicine. Forty of these treatises on medicine survive, and in the most famous one titled the Canon of Medicine he discusses "rising gas". Avicenna believed that digestive system dysfunction was responsible ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Kröhnke method is featured in a solvent-free synthesis of triarylpyridines that proceeds via a homo-coupling of two diaryl substituted α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. This strategy offers a facile means for preparation of pyridnyl aryl systems that are important fragments of many useful drug scaffolds.
In 1992... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Dean number appears in the so-called Dean equations. These are an approximation to the full Navier–Stokes equations for the steady axially uniform flow of a Newtonian fluid in a toroidal pipe, obtained by retaining just the leading order curvature effects (i.e. the leading-order equations for ).
We use orthog... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Atmospheric dynamics is the study of motion systems of meteorological importance, integrating observations at multiple locations and times and theories. Common topics studied include diverse phenomena such as thunderstorms, tornadoes, gravity waves, tropical cyclones, extratropical cyclones, jet streams, and global-sca... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
2-Oxoadipic acid, also known as α-ketoadipic acid, is an intermediate in the metabolism of lysine and tryptophan. The conjugate base and carboxylate is 2-oxoadipate or α-ketoadipate, which is the biochemically relevant form. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Plants respond and adapt to environmental factors, such as light and mechanical stress from wind. Leaves need to support their own mass and align themselves in such a way as to optimize their exposure to the sun, generally more or less horizontally. However, horizontal alignment maximizes exposure to bending forces and... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The SAT Subject Test in Chemistry was a one-hour multiple choice test given on chemistry by The College Board. A student chose whether to take the test depending upon college entrance requirements for the schools in which the student was planning to apply. Until 1994, the SAT Subject Tests were known as Achievement Tes... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A thiosemicarbazone is an organosulfur compound with the formula HNC(S)NHN=CR. Many variations exist, including those where some or all of the NH centers are substituted by organic groups. Thiosemicarbazones are usually produced by condensation of a thiosemicarbazide with an aldehyde or ketone:
: HNC(S)NHNH + O=CR ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Tristructural-isotropic (TRISO) fuel is a type of micro-particle fuel. A particle consists of a kernel of UO fuel (sometimes UC or UCO), which has been coated with four layers of three isotropic materials deposited through fluidized chemical vapor deposition (FCVD). The four layers are a porous buffer layer made of car... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
He was born on April 1, 1917, in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. He died on April 16, 2001, at his home in Las Vegas, Nevada. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Several hormones can affect insulin secretion. Estrogen is correlated with an increase of insulin secretion by depolarizing the β-cells membrane and enhancing the entry of Ca+2. In contrast, growth hormone is known to lower the serum level of insulin by promoting the production of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Random coil index (RCI) predicts protein flexibility by calculating an inverse weighted average of backbone secondary chemical shifts and predicting values of model-free order parameters as well as per-residue RMSD of NMR and molecular dynamics ensembles from this parameter.
The key advantages of this protocol over ex... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
While there is a national policy in the United States regarding mold, each state is responsible for independently creating and administering its policy. For example, following Hurricane Harvey, the governor of Texas sought to expand the emergency response to allow mold-remediation companies to come from out of state.
U... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Carbohydrates are reactants in many organic reactions. For example:
* Cyanohydrin reaction
* Lobry-de Bruyn-van Ekenstein transformation
* Amadori rearrangement
* Wohl degradation
* Tipson-Cohen reaction
* Ferrier rearrangement
* Ferrier II reaction | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Chromosome jumping is a tool of molecular biology that is used in the physical mapping of genomes. It is related to several other tools used for the same purpose, including chromosome walking.
Chromosome jumping is used to bypass regions difficult to clone, such as those containing repetitive DNA, that cannot be easil... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Nitrogen entering the euphotic zone is referred to as new nitrogen because it is newly arrived from outside the productive layer. The new nitrogen can come from below the euphotic zone or from outside sources. Outside sources are upwelling from deep water and nitrogen fixation. If the organic matter is eaten, respired,... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Particular disadvantages of the powder technology include:
# 100% sintered (iron ore) cannot be charged in the blast furnace
# sintering cannot create uniform sizes
# micro- and nanostructures produced before sintering are often destroyed. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In the direct enantiomer separation the most popular approach is use of chiral stationary phases. In this case the site of the chiral selector is on the stationary phase. Stationary phase consist of an inert solid support (usually silica microparticles) on to the surface of which a single enantiomer of a chiral molecul... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Berberine bridge enzyme (BBE) is a central enzyme in the biosynthesis of berberine, a pharmaceutically important alkaloid. The enzyme itself hasn't had extensive research carried on, and has very limited, if any, specific medical application. On the other hand, berberine is highly regarded for its interactions with sev... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In fluid dynamics, drag crisis (also known as the Eiffel paradox) is a phenomenon in which drag coefficient drops off suddenly as Reynolds number increases. This has been well studied for round bodies like spheres and cylinders. The drag coefficient of a sphere will change rapidly from about 0.5 to 0.2 at a Reynolds nu... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
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