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One feature of enzymes is their high specificity. They are specific on a singular substrate, reaction or both together, that means, that the enzymes can catalyze all reactions wherein the substrate can experience.
The enzyme cholesterol 7 alpha hydroxylase catalyzes the reaction that converts cholesterol into cholester... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Arash Ghorbani-Choghamarani (born 23 September 1979) is an Iranian chemist and Professor of Chemistry at Bu-Ali Sina University. He is also Deputy of Research and Technology at this university since November 2021.
Ghorbani-Choghamarani is among the most-cited Iranian researchers and is known for his works on organic ch... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A catalyst increases the rate of a reaction without being consumed in the reaction. The use of a catalyst does not affect the position and composition of the equilibrium of a reaction, because both the forward and backward reactions are sped up by the same factor.
For example, consider the Haber process for the synthe... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
One of the main functions of the chloroplast is its role in photosynthesis, the process by which light is transformed into chemical energy, to subsequently produce food in the form of sugars. Water (HO) and carbon dioxide (CO) are used in photosynthesis, and sugar and oxygen (O) is made, using light energy. Photosynthe... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A boosted fission weapon usually refers to a type of nuclear bomb that uses a small amount of fusion fuel to increase the rate, and thus yield, of a fission reaction. The neutrons released by the fusion reactions add to the neutrons released due to fission, allowing for more neutron-induced fission reactions to take pl... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The lipophilic group is typically a large hydrocarbon moiety, such as a long chain of the form CH(CH), with n > 4.
The hydrophilic group falls into one of the following categories:
# charged groups
#* anionic. Examples, with the lipophilic part of the molecule represented by R, are:
#** carboxylates: RCO
#** sulfates: ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Rayleigh number describes the behaviour of fluids (such as water or air) when the mass density of the fluid is non-uniform. The mass density differences are usually caused by temperature differences. Typically a fluid expands and becomes less dense as it is heated. Gravity causes denser parts of the fluid to sink, ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The reserve pool is not directly connected to the active zone. The increase in presynaptic calcium concentration activates calcium–calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK). CaMK phosphorylates a protein, synapsin, that mediates the clustering of the reserve pool vesicles and attachment to the cytoskeleton. Phospho... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Figure 3 shows an SEM cross-section of a TE leg. Here it is demonstrated that the thermal bump is structurally identical to a CPB with an extra layer, the TE layer, incorporated into the stack-up. The addition of the TE layer transforms a standard copper pillar bump into a thermal bump. This element, when properly co... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Crystal formation requires two steps: nucleation and growth. Nucleation is the initiation step for crystallization. At the nucleation phase, protein molecules in solution come together as aggregates to form a stable solid nucleus. As the nucleus forms, the crystal grows bigger and bigger by molecules attaching to this ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The bulk isotope ratio value of stable isotopes for petroleum depict the average isotopic compositions of the oil's components. Carbon stable isotopes are often used in this method. Whether a sample of petroleum originated in a marine environment or a non-marine environment can be seen using this ratio value, as can me... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Coherent Rabi oscillations may also be driven by two-photon transitions. In this case we consider a system with three atomic energy levels, , , and , where represents a so-called intermediate state with corresponding frequency , and an electromagnetic field with two frequency components:
Now, may be much greater than... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Prokaryotes have diversified greatly throughout their long existence. The metabolism of prokaryotes is far more varied than that of eukaryotes, leading to many highly distinct prokaryotic types. For example, in addition to using photosynthesis or organic compounds for energy, as eukaryotes do, prokaryotes may obtain en... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
During his visit to North America in August 1941, Howard Florey approached the Connaught Laboratories at the University of Toronto, where he met with the director, R. D. Defries, and Ronald Hare. Florey was rebuffed; Defries argued that the laboratories did not have the space, and he expressed his belief that construct... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Source: [https://www.icheme.org/knowledge/medals-and-prizes/services-to-the-profession/davis-medal/ IChemE]
* 1965 - Arthur Joseph Victor Underwood (1897-1972), consulting chemical engineer
* 1969 - Frank E. Ireland, Chief Alkali Inspector
* 1973 - J. M. Coulson
* 1977 - Sir Denis Rooke
* 1982 - Sir Maurice Hodgson
* ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In April 1918, after the attack of German-Austrian troops, most of the equipment and materials of the Yuzovsky plant were evacuated to Tsaritsyn (Volgograd), and detachments of workers retreated with the Red Army.
On May 24, 1918, the plant was nationalized.
In May 1918, during the German occupation, an underground org... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Aluminum has been found to compete with iron and magnesium and bind to DNA, membranes, or cell walls, leading to its toxic effect on microbes, such as cyanobacteria, soil bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi.
Aluminium triacetate (Burow's solution) is used as an astringent mild antiseptic. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The cell type chosen for this technique depends on the desired application of the cell microcapsules. The cells put into the capsules can be from the patient (autologous cells), from another donor (allogeneic cells) or from other species (xenogeneic cells). The use of autologous cells in microencapsulation therapy is l... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Guanylin is a 15 amino acid peptide that is secreted by goblet cells in the colon. Guanylin acts as an agonist of the guanylyl cyclase receptor GC-C and regulates electrolyte and water transport in intestinal and renal epithelia. Upon receptor binding, guanylin increases the intracellular concentration of cGMP, induces... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Jinhae Bay is the first of Koreas two major dead zones, hypoxia was first reported in Jinhae Bay in September of 1974. In 2011, a joint study was done to observe and record causes, effects, and what can be done about Koreas hypoxic zones. It was discovered that Jinhae Bay exhibits a seasonal dead zone from early June t... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Ellipsometry is an indirect method, i.e. in general the measured and cannot be converted directly into the optical constants of the sample. Normally, a model analysis must be performed, for example the Forouhi Bloomer model. This is one weakness of ellipsometry. Models can be physically based on energy transitions or... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
When beer at typical concentration is subjected to reverse osmosis, both water and alcohol pass across the membrane more readily than other components, leaving a "beer concentrate". The concentrate is then diluted with fresh water to restore the non-volatile components to their original intensity. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Joule heating (also known as resistive, resistance, or Ohmic heating) is the process by which the passage of an electric current through a conductor produces heat.
Joules first law (also just Joules law), also known in countries of the former USSR as the Joule–Lenz law, states that the power of heating generated by an ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology is abstracted and indexed in BIOSIS, Cambridge Scientific Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts, Current Contents, BIOBASE/Current Awareness in Biological Sciences, EMBASE, Embiology, Engineering Index, Metals Abstracts, PASCAL, Physics Abstracts, Physikalische Berichte... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
S-Adenosylmethionine synthetase (), also known as methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT), is an enzyme that creates S-adenosylmethionine (also known as AdoMet, SAM or SAMe) by reacting methionine (a non-polar amino acid) and ATP (the basic currency of energy). | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* Family papers archive at the National Records of Scotland re the family home at Annacroich https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/c/F19704
* British Medical Journal [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVpHgqX8uI4 video] about the legacy of James Young Simpson including Flockharts role (via [https://www.histor... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The YenR and YenI proteins produced by the gammaproteobacterium Yersinia enterocolitica are similar to Aliivibrio fischeri LuxR and LuxI. YenR activates the expression of a small non-coding RNA, YenS. YenS inhibits YenI expression and acylhomoserine lactone production. YenR/YenI/YenS are involved in the control of swim... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Iodic acid is a white water-soluble solid with the chemical formula . Its robustness contrasts with the instability of chloric acid and bromic acid. Iodic acid features iodine in the oxidation state +5 and is one of the most stable oxo-acids of the halogens. When heated, samples dehydrate to give iodine pentoxide. On f... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
This reactivity is similar to the tendency of ethers with alpha hydrogen atoms to form peroxides. Reaction with chlorine produces alpha-chloroethers. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The way that porosity develops during the dealloying process has been studied computationally to understand the diffusional pathways on an atomistic level. Firstly, the less noble atoms must be dissolved away from the surface of the alloy. This process is easiest for the lower coordinated atoms, i.e., those bonded to f... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Synthesis of organoberyllium compounds is limited but literature have shown that beryllium can react with halides, alkyls, alloxides and other organic compounds. Alkylation of beryllium halide is one of the most widely-used method in beryllium chemistry. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Stochastic effects are those that occur randomly, such as radiation-induced cancer. The consensus of nuclear regulators, governments and the UNSCEAR is that the incidence of cancers due to ionizing radiation can be modeled as increasing linearly with effective dose at a rate of 5.5% per sievert. This is known as the li... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Taylor–Couette flow is a flow between two rotating, infinitely long, coaxial cylinders. The original problem was solved by Stokes in 1845, but Geoffrey Ingram Taylor's name was attached to the flow because he studied its stability in a famous 1923 paper.
The problem can be solved in cylindrical coordinates . Denote the... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Nano fountain probes (NFPs) are fabricated on the wafer-scale using microfabrication techniques allowing for batch fabrication of numerous chips. Through the different generations of devices, design and experimentation improved the device yielding to a robust fabrication process. The highly enhanced feature dimension a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Project 523 () is a code name for a 1967 secret military project of the Peoples Republic of China to find antimalarial medications. Named after the date the project launched, 23 May, it addressed malaria, an important threat in the Vietnam War. At the behest of Ho Chi Minh, Prime Minister of North Vietnam, Zhou Enlai, ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Flutamide has been identified as an agonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. This may be involved in the hepatotoxicity of flutamide. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The substituents on the diazirine affect which carbene species is generated upon irradiation and subsequent photolytic cleavage. Diazirine substituents that are electron donating in nature can donate electron density to the empty p-orbital of the carbene that will be formed, and hence can stabilize the singlet state. F... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
One feature of Boussinesq flows is that they look the same when viewed upside-down, provided that the identities of the fluids are reversed. The Boussinesq approximation is inaccurate when the dimensionless density difference is approximately 1, i.e. .
For example, consider an open window in a warm room. The warm air ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In 2017, the FDA granted deulinoleate ethyl orphan drug designation in the treatment of phospholipase 2G6-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN). | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
When connecting the monosaccharides, the oligosaccharides need to be reducing in order to sequentially connect the glycosyl units. The monosaccharides, in nature prefer ɑ-linkages due to anomeric effect, but the disaccharides with ɑ-linkages are non-reducing thus deactivating the consequent connection of the monosaccha... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Normality is defined as the molar concentration divided by an equivalence factor . Since the definition of the equivalence factor depends on context (which reaction is being studied), the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry and National Institute of Standards and Technology discourage the use of normalit... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Two derivations are presented below. The first is a heuristic argument, based on physical insight. The second is a formal and technical one, requiring basic vector analysis and complex analysis. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Spectral directional transmittance in frequency and spectral directional transmittance in wavelength of a surface, denoted T and T respectively, are defined as
where
*L is the spectral radiance in frequency transmitted by that surface;
*L is the spectral radiance received by that surface;
*L is the spectral radiance in... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The ICRU/ICRP dose quantities have specific purposes and meanings, but some use common words in a different order. There can be confusion between, for instance, equivalent dose and dose equivalent.
Although the CIPM definition states that the linear energy transfer function (Q) of the ICRU is used in calculating the bi... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In Europe since early 1980s, cars must be equipped with one or two red rear fog lamps. A single rear fog lamp must be located between the vehicles longitudinal centreline and the outer extent of the drivers side of the vehicle. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Similar to physical solidification, some chemical crosslinking methods have been developed to produce hydrogel fibers. And the key for the achievement of hydrogel production through the chemical crosslinking method is the effective separation between the formed network and the tube wall. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Today, the process of fermentation is used for a multitude of everyday applications including medication, beverages and food. Currently, companies like Genencor International uses the production of enzymes involved in fermentation to build a revenue of over $400 million a year. Many medications such as antibiotics are ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Victor Moritz Goldschmidt (27 January 1888 – 20 March 1947) was a Norwegian mineralogist considered (together with Vladimir Vernadsky) to be the founder of modern geochemistry and crystal chemistry, developer of the Goldschmidt Classification of elements. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Aliphatic C-C or C-H bonds can lead to charge delocalization if these bonds are close and antiperiplanar to the leaving group. Corresponding intermediates are referred to a nonclassical ions, with the 2-norbornyl system as the most well known case. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A lab-on-a-chip is a device that integrates one or several laboratory functions on a single chip that deals with handling particles in hollow microfluidic channels. It has been developed for over a decade. Advantages in handling particles at such a small scale include lowering fluid volume consumption (lower reagents c... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
For small spots of vitiligo, it is possible to use psoralen as drops, applied only on the spots. This method does not have side effects since the amount is very low.
For larger area, the psoralen is taken as a pill, and the amount is high (10 mg); some patients experience nausea and itching after ingesting the psoralen... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The kinetic process of destabilisation can be rather long (up to several months or even years for some products) and it is often required for the formulator to use further accelerating methods in order to reach reasonable development time for new product design. Thermal methods are the most commonly used and consists i... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The condenser condenses the steam from the exhaust of the turbine into liquid to allow it to be pumped. If the condenser can be made cooler, the pressure of the exhaust steam is reduced and efficiency of the cycle increases.
The surface condenser is a shell and tube heat exchanger in which cooling water is circulated t... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Parkinsons disease is characterized by the death of cells that produce dopamine, a neurotransmitter. An enzyme called monoamine oxidase (MAO) breaks down neurotransmitters. MAO has two forms, MAO-A and MAO-B. MAO-B is generally believed to break down dopamine; however, recent evidence suggests that MAO-A may mostly ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Molten polymers are non-Newtonian fluids with high viscosities, and the interaction between their thermal and mechanical degradation can be complex. At low temperatures, the polymer-melt is more viscous and more prone to mechanical degradation via shear stress. At higher temperatures, the viscosity is reduced, but ther... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
One of the largest deliberate PCB spills in American history occurred in the summer of 1978 when 31,000 gallons (117 m^3) of PCB-contaminated oil were illegally sprayed by the Ward PCB Transformer Company in swaths along the roadsides of some of North Carolina highway shoulders in 14 counties and at the Fort Liberty ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A line vortex of strength is given by
where is the circulation around any simple closed contour enclosing the vortex. The velocity field in polar coordinates are
i.e., a purely azimuthal flow. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Despite their many advantages, the use of PPGs in total syntheses are relatively rare. Nevertheless, PPGs’ "orthogonality" to common synthetic reagents, as well as the possibility of conducting a "traceless reagent process", has proven useful in natural product synthesis. Two examples include the syntheses of ent-Fumiq... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The need to use two compressors in a booster set-up tends to increase the cost of a refrigeration system. A two staged system also needs synchronization, pressure control and lubrication. To reduce these costs, specialized equipment has been developed.
Economizer screw compressors are built by several manufacturers lik... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The term stable isotope has a meaning similar to stable nuclide, but is preferably used when speaking of nuclides of a specific element. Hence, the plural form stable isotopes usually refers to isotopes of the same element. The relative abundance of such stable isotopes can be measured experimentally (isotope analysis)... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The patio process is a process for extracting silver from ore. Smelting, or refining, is most often necessary because silver is only infrequently found as a native element like some metals nobler than the redox couple 2 + 2 ⇌ (gold, mercury, ...). Instead, it is made up of a larger ore body. Thus, smelting, or refini... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Archaerhodopsin proteins are a family of retinal-containing photoreceptors found in the archaea genera Halobacterium and Halorubrum. Like the homologous bacteriorhodopsin (bR) protein, archaerhodopsins harvest energy from sunlight to pump H ions out of the cell, establishing a proton motive force that is used for ATP s... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Aerobic granulation technology for the application in wastewater treatment is widely developed at laboratory scales. The large-scale experience is growing rapidly and multiple institutions are making efforts to improve this technology:
* Since 1999 Royal HaskoningDHV (former DHV Water), Delft University of technology (... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In the wake of the Castle Bravo detonation, a new research section was added to the Castle Bravo Weapons Effects research section. Program 4, "Biomedical effects," was to include one project, Project 4.1, titled "Study of Response of Human Beings exposed to Significant Beta and Gamma Radiation due to Fall-out from High... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Since glycans play an important role in intercellular interactions and protein, they serve as viable targets for various therapeutic interactions. Multiple current therapeutics aim to take advantage of their role in signaling pathways, and target their biosynthesis or engineer related glycoproteins. These interactions ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A: α-naphthol – 5 g
*Absolute ethyl alcohol – 100 mL – 0.6 mL – 3 parts
*B: KOH – 40 g
*Distilled water – 100 mL – 0.2 mL – 1 part | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Homogeneous broadening is a type of emission spectrum broadening in which all atoms radiating from a specific level under consideration radiate with equal opportunity. If an optical emitter (e.g. an atom) shows homogeneous broadening, its spectral linewidth is its natural linewidth, with a Lorentzian profile. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Dross is a mass of solid impurities floating on a molten metal or dispersed in the metal, such as in wrought iron. It forms on the surface of low-melting-point metals such as tin, lead, zinc or aluminium or alloys by oxidation of the metal. For higher melting point metals and alloys such as steel and silver, oxidized i... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Circuit-breakers can be placed at portions of a circuit in series to the path of current it will affect. If more current than expected goes through the circuit-breaker, the circuit breaker "opens" the circuit and stops all current. A fuse is a common type of circuit breaker that involves direct effect of Joule-overhea... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Hydroxyl radicals are highly reactive and undergo chemical reactions that make them short-lived. When biological systems are exposed to hydroxyl radicals, they can cause damage to cells, including those in humans, where they can react with DNA, lipids, and proteins. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Mucoadhesion involves several types of bonding mechanisms, and it is the interaction between each process that allows for the adhesive process. The major categories are wetting theory, adsorption theory, diffusion theory, electrostatic theory, and fracture theory. Specific processes include mechanical interlocking, ele... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Recent work demonstrates MTTF prediction using a machine learning model. The work uses a neural network-based supervised learning approach with current density, interconnect length, interconnect temperature as input features to the model. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Electron excitation is the movement of an electron to a higher energy state. This can either be done by photoexcitation (PE), where the original electron absorbs the photon and gains all the photon's energy or by electrical excitation (EE), where the original electron absorbs the energy of another, energetic electron. ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
It is common in electrochemistry and solid-state physics to discuss both the chemical potential and the electrochemical potential of the electrons. However, in the two fields, the definitions of these two terms are sometimes swapped. In electrochemistry, the electrochemical potential of electrons (or any other species)... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Substituted derivatives of porphine are called porphyrins. Many porphyrins are found in nature with the dominant example being protoporphyrin IX. Many synthetic porphyrins are also known, including octaethylporphyrin and tetraphenylporphyrin. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The compound is stable on a temperature up to approximately . If the temperature is higher than that value, the following reaction, known as Rammelsberg's reaction, occurs: | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A key characteristic of ATM is the orientation of the polarized electric field of THz light at the sample. In particular, unlike other microspectroscopy techniques like scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM), the electric field of the interrogating THz field is parallel to the surface of the sample.... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The deviation from ideality is taken to be a function of the potential energy resulting from the electrostatic interactions between ions and their surrounding clouds. To calculate this energy two steps are needed.
The first step is to specify the electrostatic potential for ion j by means of Poisson's equation
ψ(r) is ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Cauchy problem for the 1d Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation is well-posed in the sense of Hadamard—that is, for given initial data , there exists a unique solution that depends continuously on the initial data.
The 1d Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation possesses Galilean invariance—that is, if is a solution, then so is , ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The internodes are the myelin segments and the gaps between are referred to as nodes. The size and the spacing of the internodes vary with the fiber diameter in a curvilinear relationship that is optimized for maximal conduction velocity. The size of the nodes span from 1–2 μm whereas the internodes can be up to (and... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze (i.e. accelerate) chemical reactions. They are natural catalysts and are ubiquitous, in plants, animals and microorganisms where they catalyze processes that are vital to living organisms. They are intimately involved in numerous biotechnological processes, such as cheese making, beer... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Most cordials were of European origin, first produced in Italian apothecaries during the Renaissance, where the art of distilling was refined during the 15th and 16th centuries. It is from this origin that cordials are frequently referred to in French as Liqueurs dltalie', it is also from this that we have liqueurs. Fr... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Hatchett was awarded the Copley Medal by the Royal Society in 1798. In 1828, he was recognized by the Royal Institution. Hatchett, Humphry Davy, William Thomas Brande, William Hyde Wollaston, Michael Faraday and John Frederic Daniell received a gold medal for their discoveries in chemistry. The award was given by John ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Three minerals exist that are industrially relevant sources of fluorine: fluorite, fluorapatite, and cryolite. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Vi capsular polysaccharide vaccine (ViCPS) against typhoid caused by the Typhi serotype of Salmonella enterica. Instead of being a protein, the Vi antigen is a bacterial capsule polysacchide, made up of a long sugar chain linked to a lipid. Capsular vaccines like ViCPS tend to be weak at eliciting immune responses in c... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Journal of Organometallic Chemistry is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Elsevier, covering research on organometallic chemistry. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 2.345. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
One mechanism of regulating CTCF is via methylation of its DNA sequence. CTCF protein is known to favourably bind to unmethylated sites, so it follows that methylation of CpG islands is a point of epigenetic regulation. An example of this is seen in the Igf2-H19 imprinted locus where methylation of the paternal imprint... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
P is made by neutron bombardment of S
:S + n → P + p
It decays by beta decay with a half-life of 14.29 days. It is commonly used to study protein phosphorylation by kinases in biochemistry.
P is made in relatively low yield by neutron bombardment of P. It is also a beta-emitter, with a half-life of 25.4 days. Though mo... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Muon spin rotation and relaxation are mostly performed with positive muons. They are well suited to the study of magnetic fields at the atomic scale inside matter, such as those produced by various kinds of magnetism and/or superconductivity encountered in compounds occurring in nature or artificially produced by mode... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In organic chemistry, a methyl group is an alkyl derived from methane, containing one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms, having chemical formula (whereas normal methane has the formula ). In formulas, the group is often abbreviated as Me. This hydrocarbon group occurs in many organic compounds. It is a very s... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Circular DNA are more strongly affected by ethidium bromide concentration than linear DNA if ethidium bromide is present in the gel during electrophoresis. All naturally occurring DNA circles are underwound, but ethidium bromide which intercalates into circular DNA can change the charge, length, as well as the superhe... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The dynamics of the MPI can be described by finding the time evolution of the state of the atom which is described by the Schrödinger equation. The form of this equation in the electric field gauge, assuming the single active electron (SAE) approximation and using dipole approximation, is the following
where is the el... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* [https://archive.org/details/diegeschichtlich00farbuoft Die geschichtliche Entwicklung der Chemie] (The historical development of chemistry), Berlin: Springer 1921
* as translator and editor with Moritz Färber: Der skeptische Chemiker von Robert Boyle, Ostwalds Klassiker der exakten Wissenschaften; No. 229, 1928 (See... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Ox gall is gall, usually obtained from cows, that is an ingredient in bile soap and mixed with alcohol and used as the wetting agent in paper marbling, engraving, lithography, and watercolor painting. It is a greenish-brown liquid mixture containing cholesterol, lecithin, taurocholic acid, and glycocholic acid. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Latest generation transmissometer technology makes use of a co-located forward scatter visibility sensor on the transmitter unit to allow for higher accuracies over an Extended Meteorological Optical Range or EMOR. After 10,000 meters the accuracy of transmissometer technology diminishes, and at higher visibilities for... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The advantage of “arming” and “disarming” glycosyl donors lies in their synthetic use. By disarming the glycosyl, a selective coupling can be achieved. The disarmed portion of the disaccharide can then be armed through selective deprotection. The disaccharide can then be coupled to a disarmed sugar. This process can be... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The analysis of slag is based on its shape, texture, isotopic signature, chemical and mineralogical characteristics. Analytical tools like Optical Microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) are widely employ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The process for TLC is similar to paper chromatography but provides faster runs, better separations, and the choice between different stationary phases. Plates can be labelled before or after the chromatography process with a pencil or other implement that will not interfere with the process.
There are four main stages... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The capillary length or capillary constant, is a length scaling factor that relates gravity and surface tension. It is a fundamental physical property that governs the behavior of menisci, and is found when body forces (gravity) and surface forces (Laplace pressure) are in equilibrium.
The pressure of a static fluid do... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
: Once genes or markers are identified, they can be used for genotyping and selection decisions can be made. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
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