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Hydrolysis constants (log values) in critical compilations at infinite dilution and T = 298.15 K:
Errors in compilations concerning equilibrium and/or data elaboration. Data not recommended. It is strongly suggested to refer to the original papers. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Endergonic reactions can be pushed by coupling them to another reaction which is strongly exergonic, through a shared intermediate.
This is often how biological reactions proceed. For example, on its own the reaction
may be too endergonic to occur. However it may be possible to make it occur by coupling it to a stro... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In this method the solid particles present into the two immiscible liquids can be easily separated by suspending those solid particles directly into these immiscible or somewhat miscible liquids. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The process of peak-fitting high energy resolution XPS spectra is a mixture of scientific knowledge and experience. The process is affected by instrument design, instrument components, experimental settings and sample variables. Before starting any peak-fit effort, the analyst performing the peak-fit needs to know if t... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Ring A synthesis (scheme 4) started with reduction of the C9 ketone group in 28 to diol 29 with alane in toluene followed by diol protection in 30 as a dimethyl carbonate. This allowed selective oxidation of the C1 alcohol with DDQ after deprotection to ketone 31. This compound was alkylated to 32 at the C1 ketone grou... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Once the initiation complex is open, the first ribonucleotide is brought into the active site to initiate the polymerization reaction in the absence of a primer. This generates a nascent RNA chain that forms a hetero-duplex with the template DNA strand. However, before entering the elongation phase, polymerase may term... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In stereochemistry, enantiomeric excess (ee) is a measurement of purity used for chiral substances. It reflects the degree to which a sample contains one enantiomer in greater amounts than the other. A racemic mixture has an ee of 0%, while a single completely pure enantiomer has an ee of 100%. A sample with 70% of one... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Strontium-90 is not quite as likely as caesium-137 to be released as a part of a nuclear reactor accident because it is much less volatile, but is probably the most dangerous component of the radioactive fallout from a nuclear weapon.
A study of hundreds of thousands of deciduous teeth, collected by Dr. Louise Reiss an... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In fluid dynamics, the Ledinegg instability occurs in two-phase flow, especially in a boiler tube, when the boiling boundary is within the tube. For a given mass flux J through the tube, the pressure drop per unit length (which typically varies as the square of the mass flux and inversely as the density, i.e., as ) is... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In 1761, Benjamin Franklin wrote a letter describing his experiments on the relationship between color and heat absorption. He found that darker color clothes got hotter when exposed to sunlight than lighter color clothes. One experiment he performed consisted of placing square pieces of cloth of various color out in t... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The noble metals are siderophiles (iron-lovers). They tend to sink into the Earth's core because they dissolve readily in iron either as solid solutions or in the molten state. Most siderophile elements have practically no affinity whatsoever for oxygen: indeed, oxides of gold are thermodynamically unstable with respec... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Vflo is suited for distributed hydrologic forecasting in post-analysis and continuous operations. Vflo models may be calibrated by loading precipitation maps for historical events and comparing simulated volume/peak hydrographs to observed hydrographs. Elevation data are taken from a digital elevation model. A vecto... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The ribosomal protein S1 binds to adenine sequences upstream of the RBS. Increasing the concentration of adenine upstream of the RBS will increase the rate of ribosome recruitment. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Factors such as rainfall, wind currents, and the initial explosions at Chernobyl themselves caused the nuclear fallout to spread throughout Europe, Asia, as well as parts of North America. Not only was there a spread of these various radioactive elements previously mentioned, but there were also problems with what are ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Tosyl azide is used for the introduction of azide and diazo functional groups. It is also used as a nitrene source and as a substrate for [3+2] cycloaddition reactions. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Hexaferrum and epsilon iron (ε-Fe) are synonyms for the hexagonal close-packed (HCP) phase of iron that is stable only at extremely high pressure.
A 1964 study at the University of Rochester mixed 99.8% pure α-iron powder with sodium chloride, and pressed a 0.5-mm diameter pellet between the flat faces of two diamond a... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The modern optical mapping platform works as follows:
#Genomic DNA is obtained from lysed cells, and randomly sheared to produce a "library" of large genomic molecules for optical mapping.
#A single molecule of DNA is stretched (or elongated) and held in place on a slide under a fluorescent microscope due to charge int... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Purine Nucleotide Cycle is a metabolic pathway in protein metabolism requiring the amino acids aspartate and glutamate. The cycle is used to regulate the levels of adenine nucleotides, in which ammonia and fumarate are generated. AMP converts into IMP and the byproduct ammonia. IMP converts to S-AMP (adenylosuccin... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The replication initiator protein (Rep) plays a key role in initiation of replication in plasmids. In its monomer form, Rep binds an iteron and promotes replication. The protein itself is known to contain two independent N-terminal and C-terminal globular domains that subsequently bind to two domains of the iteron. The... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Through its meetings CCPN provides a forum for the discussion of computational and experimental NMR techniques. The aim is to debate and spread best practice in the determination of macromolecular information, including structure, dynamics and biological chemistry. CCPN continues to arrange annual conferences for the U... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Aside from its immense environmental impacts, Freon 113, like most chlorofluoroalkanes, forms phosgene gas when exposed to a naked flame. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The results of each SELDM analysis are written to 5–10 output files, depending on the options that were selected during the analysis-specification process. The five output files that are created for every model run are the output documentation, highway-runoff quality, annual highway runoff, precipitation events, and st... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In a water-cooled power reactor (or in a water-filled spent fuel pool, SFP), if a power surge occurs as a result of a reactivity initiated accident, an understanding of the transfer of heat from the surface of the cladding to the water is very useful. In a French study, metal pipe immersed in water (both under typical ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Research into the use self-healing hydrogels has revealed an effective method for mitigating acid spills through the ability to selectively crosslink under acidic conditions. In a testing done by the University of California San Diego, various surfaces were coated with self healing hydrogels and then mechanically damag... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Like plutonium, neptunium has a high affinity for soil. However, it is relatively mobile over the long term, and diffusion of neptunium-237 in groundwater is a major issue in designing a deep geological repository for permanent storage of spent nuclear fuel. Np has a half-life of 2.144 million years and is therefore a ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In 2023, a research team composed of Chuo University, Nihon University, Kanazawa University, and the Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth utilized electronic state informatics to design and synthesize ionic liquids. Subsequently, they conducted precise measurements of carbon dioxide solubility and ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Sex-Linked Recessive Lethal Test – Males from a strain with yellow bodies are used in this test. The gene for the yellow body lies on the X-chromosome. The fruit flies are fed on a diet of test chemical, and progenies are separated by sex. The surviving males are crossed with the females of the same generation, and if ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The origin of nitrogenase has been of interest to paleobiologists and is an area of active research. Nitrogenase is thought to have evolved sometime between 1.5-2.2 billion years ago (Ga) although some isotopic support showing nitrogenase evolution as early as around 3.2 Ga. Nitrogenase appears to have evolved from mat... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Historically, the mechanisms of carboxypeptidases and endoprotease have been much more well-studied and understood by researchers (Ref #6 Lipscomb 1990). Work within the past two decades has provided vital knowledge regarding the mechanisms of aminopeptidases. The mechanism of
bovine lens LAP and PepA have been elucid... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Strange matter (or strange quark matter) is quark matter containing strange quarks. In extreme environments, strange matter is hypothesized to occur in the core of neutron stars, or, more speculatively, as isolated droplets that may vary in size from femtometers (strangelets) to kilometers, as in the hypothetical stran... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
One of the innovations for night and all-weather flying used by the US, UK, Japan and Germany during World War II was the use of UV interior lighting to illuminate the instrument panel, giving a safer alternative to the radium-painted instrument faces and pointers, and an intensity that could be varied easily and witho... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Popular choices for plant biofuels include: oil palm, soybean, castor oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil, corn ethanol, and sugar cane ethanol.
A 2008 Hawaiian oil palm plantation projection stated: "algae could yield from 5,000-10,000 gallons of oil per acre yearly, compared to 250-350 gallons for jatropha and 600-800 ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Zinc chloride dissolves readily in water to give species and some free chloride. Aqueous solutions of are acidic: a 6 M aqueous solution has a pH of 1. The acidity of aqueous solutions relative to solutions of other Zn salts (say the sulfate) is due to the formation of the tetrahedral chloro aqua complexes where the... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
During the curing process, single monomers and oligomers, mixed with or without a curing agent, react to form a tridimensional polymeric network.
In the very first part of the reaction branches of molecules with various architectures are formed, and their molecular weight increases in time with the extent of the reacti... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Treatment and management of soils and water in acid sulfate soil landscapes provides an overview of acid sulfate soil management strategies – including a discussion on groundwater management (which is not covered in the Queensland technical manual). | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Reactions are known where the deuterated species reacts faster than the undeuterated analogue, and these cases are said to exhibit inverse kinetic isotope effects (IKIE). IKIE's are often observed in the reductive elimination of alkyl metal hydrides, e.g. (MeNCHCHNMe)PtMe(H). In such cases the C-D bond in the transitio... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
For mutually insoluble compounds, Dalton's law states that the partial pressure of a non aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) is equal to its vapor pressure, and that the NAPL in contact with water will boil when the vapor pressure of water plus the vapor pressure of the VOC is equal to ambient pressure. When a VOC-steam bubb... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In alchemy, albedo, or leucosis, is the second of the four major stages of the Magnum Opus, along with nigredo, citrinitas and rubedo. It is a Latinicized term meaning "whiteness". Following the chaos or massa confusa of the nigredo stage, the alchemist undertakes a purification in albedo, which is literally referred t... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The molar conductivity of an electrolyte solution is defined as its conductivity divided by its molar concentration.
where:
: κ is the measured conductivity (formerly known as specific conductance),
: c is the molar concentration of the electrolyte.
The SI unit of molar conductivity is siemens metres squared per mole (... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Some harmful algal blooms resulting from eutrophication, are toxic to plants and animals. Freshwater algal blooms can pose a threat to livestock. When the algae die or are eaten, neuro- and hepatotoxins are released which can kill animals and may pose a threat to humans. An example of algal toxins working their way int... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Prof. dr. O.P. Kuipers published 365 articles in scientific papers, 2 books and 18 chapters in books. 34 publications appeared in 2015. Kuipers articles have been cited over 26 148 times and he has a H-index of 84 and an i10 index of 278. This means that 80 of his articles have been cited at least 80 times and that 278... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Indian Rivers Inter-link project is similar in scope and technical challenges as other major global river inter-link projects, such as:
#Rhine–Main–Danube Canal – completed in 1992, and also called the Europa Canal, it inter-links the Main river to the Danube river, thus connecting North Sea and Atlantic Ocean to t... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Bacterial recombination undergoes various different processes. The processes include: transformation, transduction, conjugation and homologous recombination. Homologous recombination relies on cDNA transferring genetic material. Complementary DNA sequences transport genetic material in the identical homologous chromoso... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Uridine diphosphate, abbreviated UDP, is a nucleotide diphosphate. It is an ester of pyrophosphoric acid with the nucleoside uridine. UDP consists of the pyrophosphate group, the pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase uracil.
UDP is an important factor in glycogenesis. Before glucose can be stored as glycogen in the ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Ada Hitchins was born on 26 June 1891 in Tavistock, Devon, England, the daughter of William Hedley Hitchins, a supervisor of customs and excise, and his wife Annie Sarah Pearsons. The family lived for a time in Campbeltown, Scotland, where Hitchins attended high school, graduating in 1909. From there, she went to the U... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In molecular biology, TBST (or TTBS) is a mixture of tris-buffered saline (TBS) (a buffer solution) and Polysorbate 20 (a polysorbate-type nonionic surfactant). Polysorbate 20 is also known as Tween 20, a commercial brand name. It is a common detergent used in many buffers for washing nitrocellulose membrane in western... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The I. I. Rabi Award, founded in 1983, is awarded annually by IEEE.
: "The Rabi Award is to recognize outstanding contributions related to the fields of atomic and molecular frequency standards, and time transfer and dissemination."
The award is named after Isidor Isaac Rabi, Nobel Prize winner in 1944. He was the firs... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
V. G. Khlopin began to study the distribution of helium in freely emitting gases of the country in 1922-1923. In 1924, he and A. I. Lakashuk discovered helium in the gases of the Novouzensky district of Saratov province; and in the period from 1924 to 1936, V. G. Khlopin and his students (E. K. Gerling, G. M. Ermolina,... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Bronzing is a process by which a bronze-like surface is applied to other materials (metallic or non-metallic). Some bronzing processes are merely simulated finishes (patinas) applied to existing metal surfaces, or coatings of powdered metal that give the appearance of a solid metal surface. In other cases, an actual la... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* EC requires simple equipment and is easy to operate with sufficient operational latitude to handle most problems encountered on running.
* Wastewater treated by EC gives palatable, clear, colorless and odorless water.
* Sludge formed by EC tends to be readily settable and easy to de-water, compared to conventional al... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Earths atmosphere and hydrosphere—Earths heat engine—are coupled processes that constantly even out solar heating imbalances through evaporation of surface water, convection, rainfall, winds and ocean circulation, when distributing heat around the globe.
A Hadley cell is an example of a heat engine. It involves the ris... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The origin of the name Ariconium is uncertain, as is its pre-Roman name. The Romans often named a place in recognition of some feature of the terrain, or in recognition of the people then living in the area. There is a similarity to other Roman place-names such as Viroconium (post-Roman Welsh: Caer Guricon), also known... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The midbody is a transient structure found in mammalian cells and is present near the end of cytokinesis just prior to the complete separation of the dividing cells. The structure was first described by Walther Flemming in 1891. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In fluid dynamics, Rayleigh problem also known as Stokes first problem is a problem of determining the flow created by a sudden movement of an infinitely long plate from rest, named after Lord Rayleigh and Sir George Stokes. This is considered as one of the simplest unsteady problem that have exact solution for the Nav... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Butterfly wings are a new site of porphyrin synthesis and cleavage where bilin is portrayed; the expression of the lipocalin bilin-binding protein in Pieris brassicae. The function of the biliprotein during wing development is still unknown, as is the existence of an active pathway for porphyrin synthesis and cleavage ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In the early 1950s, Frohring received patents for Frohring Cement Mixers, a line of compact, portable mixers than can be moved out to a field and operated by hand, electric motor, gasoline motor or tractor motor. In 1953, Frohring patented a neurological research device known as a biothesiometer, used to determine a p... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
It can be prepared by reacting carbon tetrachloride with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a catalytic amount of antimony pentachloride:
:CCl + 2HF CClF + 2HCl
This reaction can also produce trichlorofluoromethane (CClF), chlorotrifluoromethane (CClF) and tetrafluoromethane (CF). | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Plumbosolvency is the ability of a solvent, notably water, to dissolve lead. In the public supply of water this is an undesirable property. In (usually older) consumers' premises plumbosolvent water can attack lead pipes, lead service lines, and any lead in solder used to join copper.
Plumbosolvency of water can be co... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Turbulence is flow characterized by recirculation, eddies, and apparent randomness. Flow in which turbulence is not exhibited is called laminar. The presence of eddies or recirculation alone does not necessarily indicate turbulent flow—these phenomena may be present in laminar flow as well. Mathematically, turbulent fl... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
For its main use as a fertilizer urea is mostly marketed in solid form, either as prills or granules. Prills are solidified droplets, whose production predates satisfactory urea granulation processes. Prills can be produced more cheaply than granules, but the limited size of prills (up to about 2.1 mm in diameter), the... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Derjaguin approximation (or sometimes also referred to as the proximity approximation), named after the Russian scientist Boris Derjaguin, expresses the force profile acting between finite size bodies in terms of the force profile between two planar semi-infinite walls. This approximation is widely used to estimate... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The part to be coated is immersed in a bath of electrolyte which usually consists of a dilute alkaline solution such as KOH. It is electrically connected, so as to become one of the electrodes in the electrochemical cell, with the other "counter-electrode" typically being made from an inert material such as stainless ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
and other lanthanide phthalocyanines are of interest in the development of organic thin-film field-effect transistors.
derivatives can be selected to change color in the presence of certain molecules, such as in gas detectors; for example, the thioether derivative changes from green to brownish-purple in the presence... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Normally the y-axis is pressure ratio (P/P), where P is stagnation (or total head) pressure.
ΔT/T (or similar), where T is stagnation (or total head) temperature, is also used. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In SI units, number density is measured in m, although cm is often used. However, these units are not quite practical when dealing with atoms or molecules of gases, liquids or solids at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, because the resulting numbers are extremely large (on the order of 10). Using the number de... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
*Padma Bhushan (1964)
*Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) (1943 Birthday Honours)
*Fellow of Indian Academy of Science, Bangalore, Indian Chemical Association and Royal Society of Chemistry (London)
*Founder Secretary, Indian Chemical Society, President (1935–36), Indian Society of Soil Science
*Member,... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Haworth projections are a related chemical notation used to represent sugars in ring form. The groups on the right hand side of a Fischer projection are equivalent to those below the plane of the ring in Haworth projections. Fischer projections should not be confused with Lewis structures, which do not contain any info... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
UV/Vis spectroscopy is widely used as a technique in chemistry to analyze chemical structure, the most notable one being conjugated systems. UV radiation is often used to excite a given sample where the fluorescent emission is measured with a spectrofluorometer. In biological research, UV radiation is used for quantifi... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The efficacy of the Diphoterine solution has been shown to be effective in a two-year study on humans and also in a study on animals. Its effectiveness as compared to use of water alone, and therefore its necessity, has been questioned by some medical experts. On the other hand these statements do not provide any studi... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
It has also been seen that metabolic phenotype of tumor cells changes to adapt to the prevailing local conditions. A convergence between phenotypic and metabolic state transitions that confers a survival advantage to cancer cells against clinically used drug combinations like taxanes and anthracyclines have also been r... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The potential difference (η) between the electrically conductive electrode (V) and the electrolyte (V) causes a potential gradient which is distributed latterly across the BPE-electrolyte interface, with one extreme having the highest potential (anode +η) and the other extreme having the lowest potential (cathode -η). ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Dexmethylphenidate has a 4–6 hour duration of effect. A long-acting formulation, Focalin XR, which spans 12 hours is also available and has been shown to be as effective as -TMP (threo-methylphenidate) XR (extended release) (Concerta, Ritalin LA), with flexible dosing and good tolerability. It has also been demonstrate... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Tropoelastin is a protein, of size 72kDa, that comes together via cross-links to form elastin in the extracellular matrix of the cell. The cross-link formation process is mediated by lysyl oxidase. One of the major reasons that elastin can withstand high levels of stress in the body without experiencing any physical d... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Sulfide compounds can be prepared in several different ways:
#Direct combination of elements:
#:Example: Fe + S → FeS
#Reduction of a sulfate:
#:Example: MgSO + 4C → MgS + 4CO
#Precipitation of an insoluble sulfide:
#:Example: M + HS → MS + 2H | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Aratashen (, also Romanized as Arratashen; also, Artashen; until 1978 Zeyva Hayi – meaning "Armenian Zeyva", Zeyva, Bol’shaya Zeyva and Nerkin-Zeyva) is a town in the Armavir Province of Armenia. It is located on the Ararat Plain. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Early experiments measured the force between mica surfaces in air or vacuum. The technique has been extended, however, to enable an arbitrary vapor or solvent to be introduced between the two surfaces. In this way, interactions in various media can be carefully probed, and the dielectric constant of the gap between the... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Sedimentation potential occurs when dispersed particles move under the influence of either gravity or centrifugation or electricity in a medium. This motion disrupts the equilibrium symmetry of the particles double layer. While the particle moves, the ions in the electric double layer lag behind due to the liquid flow.... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Resource recovery as a solid fuel has been found to have high market potential in Sub-Saharan Africa. The selection of the fuel type will depend on: (1) the intended use of the fuel (e.g. combustion technology, user/handling requirements, and amount required); and (2) the properties of the input fecal sludge (e.g. leve... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Radium and radon are important contributors to environmental radioactivity. Radon occurs naturally as a result of decay of radioactive elements in soil and it can accumulate in houses built on areas where such decay occurs. Radon is a major cause of cancer; it is estimated to contribute to ~2% of all cancer related dea... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Electrohydrodynamics (EHD), also known as electro-fluid-dynamics (EFD) or electrokinetics, is the study of the dynamics of electrically charged fluids. It is the study of the motions of ionized particles or molecules and their interactions with electric fields and the surrounding fluid. The term may be considered to be... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In molecular biology, the protein domain S-adenosylmethionine synthetase, C-terminal domain refers to the C terminus of the S-adenosylmethionine synthetase | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The zirconium-catalyzed asymmetric carbo-alumination reaction (or ZACA reaction) was developed by Nobel laureate Ei-ichi Negishi. It facilitates the chiral functionalization of alkenes using organoaluminium compounds under the influence of chiral bis-indenylzirconium catalysts (e.g. bearing chiral terpene residues, as ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Effluent is wastewater from sewers or industrial outfalls that flows directly into surface waters, either untreated or after being treated at a facility. The term has slightly different meanings in certain contexts, and may contain various pollutants depending on the source. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The British Non-Ferrous Metals Research Association was a research group in the United Kingdom during the 20th century, bringing together public and privately funded research into metallurgy. The name was abbreviated officially to B.N.F.M.R.A. (the organisation was normally known as ‘The BNF’ during its life). It was ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In mass spectroscopy based proteomics there are three major steps needed for peptide identification: sample preparation, separation of peptides, and identification of peptides. Several groups have focused on oocytes or very early cleavage-stage cells since these cells are unusually large and provide enough material for... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In thermodynamics, when is exact, the function is a state function of the system: a mathematical function which depends solely on the current equilibrium state, not on the path taken to reach that state. Internal energy , Entropy , Enthalpy , Helmholtz free energy , and Gibbs free energy are state functions. General... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The photochromic trans-cis isomerization of azobenzenes has been used extensively in molecular switches, often taking advantage of its shape change upon isomerization to produce a supramolecular result. In particular, azobenzenes incorporated into crown ethers give switchable receptors and azobenzenes in monolayers can... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The student was not allowed to use notes, textbooks, or a calculator on this test. The only resource a student could use was a periodic table which was provided with the test booklet. This table only provided atomic masses, atomic numbers, and symbols for each element. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Parvoviruses are linear, non-segmented single-stranded DNA viruses, with an average genome size of 5000 nucleotides. They are classified as group II viruses in Baltimore classification of viruses. Parvoviruses are among the smallest viruses (hence the name, from Latin parvus meaning small) and are 18–28 nm in diameter.... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Hattori began her academic career as a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Alberta in Edmonton in 1977 and participated in the International Drilling project as a Canadian delegate to study volcanic rocks and thermal alteration in Iceland. In 1980, she moved to the University of Calgary as a Research Associate... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Several groups of animals have formed symbiotic relationships with photosynthetic algae. These are most common in corals, sponges and sea anemones. It is presumed that this is due to the particularly simple body plans and large surface areas of these animals compared to their volumes. In addition, a few marine mollusks... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Both Spanish (sacamantecas) and Peruvian (pishtaco) folklore contain examples of monsters or criminals who murder human victims for their fat.
Manuel Blanco Romasanta (1809–1863), the first serial killer documented in Spain, was accused of extracting fat from his victims to sell in Portugal, exchanging an ounce of fat ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The belt-type machine is generally more applicable to smaller and to adhesive feed. In addition, the feed presentation is more stable which makes it more applicable for more difficult and heterogenous applications. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
By the use of selective radioactively labeled agonist and antagonist substances, five subtypes of muscarinic receptors have been determined, named M–M (using an upper case M and subscript number). M, M, M receptors are coupled with G proteins, while M and M receptors are coupled with G proteins. There are other classif... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Miraculin was first sequenced in 1989 and was found to be a 24.6 kilodalton glycoprotein consisting of 191 amino acids and 13.9% by weight of various sugars.
The sugars consist of a total of 3.4 kDa, composed of a molar ratio of glucosamine (31%), mannose (30%), fucose (22%), xylose (10%), and galactose (7%).
The nativ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A provitamin is a substance that may be converted within the body to a vitamin. The term previtamin is a synonym.
The term "provitamin" is used when it is desirable to label a substance with little or no vitamin activity, but which can be converted to an active form by normal metabolic processes. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Sevoflurane has an excellent safety record, but is under review for potential hepatotoxicity, and may accelerate Alzheimer's. There were rare reports involving adults with symptoms similar to halothane hepatotoxicity. Sevoflurane is the preferred agent for mask induction due to its lesser irritation to mucous membranes... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The British "Radiac Survey Meter No. 2" dates from 1953 to 1956, and required now-obsolete 15 and 30 volt high voltage batteries and a 1.5 volt standard cell, the latter used to power the valve heater filaments and meter illumination bulb. There was also a training unit, which measured 0–300 mR/h, and ran on four 30 vo... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The classic example of an IEC device is a fusor. A typical Fusor has two spherical metal cages, one inside another, in a vacuum. A high voltage is placed between the two cages. Fuel gas injected. The fuel ionizes and is accelerated toward the inner cage. Ions that miss the inner cage can fuse together.
Fusors are not c... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The indenyl analogues of ferrocene, which is orange, and cobaltocenium cation were first reported by Pauson and Wilkinson. The cobalt derivative is a poorer reductant than cobaltocene.
The indenyl effect was discovered by Hart-Davis and Mawby in 1969 through studies on the conversion of (η-CH)Mo(CO)CH to the phosphine... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
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