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Grasselli Brown has over ninety publications, nine books, and a patent in the field of infrared and Raman spectroscopy.
In 1985, she was selected as one of the Foremost Women of the 20th Century. She is the first woman to be inducted into the Hungarian and Austrian Chemical Societies.
In 2002, Grasselli Brown receive... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A lunar terrane is a major geological province on the Moon. Three terranes have been identified on the Moon: the Procellarum KREEP Terrane, the Feldspathic Highlands Terrane, and the South Pole–Aitken Terrane. Each terrane has a unique origin, composition, and thermal evolution. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Potassium humate is used in agriculture as a fertilizer additive to increase the efficiency of fertilizers especially nitrogen- and phosphorus-based fertilizer inputs. Other salts of humic acid are manufactured, mainly sodium humate, which is used in animal health supplements. It also can be used in aquaculture. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Afterhyperpolarization, or AHP, is the hyperpolarizing phase of a neurons action potential where the cells membrane potential falls below the normal resting potential. This is also commonly referred to as an action potential's undershoot phase. AHPs have been segregated into "fast", "medium", and "slow" components tha... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Richard "Dick" A. Andersen (November 16, 1942 – June 16, 2019) was a professor of chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley, and faculty senior scientist at the chemical sciences division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
An oxocarbenium ion (or oxacarbenium ion) is a chemical species characterized by a central sp-hybridized carbon, an oxygen substituent, and an overall positive charge that is delocalized between the central carbon and oxygen atoms. An oxocarbenium ion is represented by two limiting resonance structures, one in the for... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Like other siderophores, petrobactin is secreted by an animal pathogenic bacterium. B. anthracis uses petrobactin to acquire iron from its host. Interestingly, while the 3,4-catecholate ends of petrobactin do not improve iron(III) affinity relative to hydroxamate ends, they speed up iron removal from human diferric tra... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A spectrophotometer built with a high quality double monochromator can produce light of sufficient purity and intensity that the instrument can measure a narrow band of optical attenuation of about one million fold (6 AU, Absorbance Units). | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The mechanism for chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) replication has not been conclusively determined, but two main models have been proposed. Scientists have attempted to observe chloroplast replication via electron microscopy since the 1970s. The results of the microscopy experiments led to the idea that chloroplast DNA replica... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Phenolphthalein's pH sensitivity is exploited in other applications: concrete has naturally high pH due to the calcium hydroxide formed when Portland cement reacts with water. As the concrete reacts with carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, pH decreases to 8.5–9. When a 1% phenolphthalein solution is applied to normal con... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In 1768, while serving in New Orleans as governor of Spanish Louisiana, Ulloa married a woman from the high society of Lima, Francisca Melchora Rosa Ramírez de Laredo y Encalada, daughter of the Count of San Javier y Casa Laredo. The couple had six children, among them Francisco Javier de Ulloa who became the Spanish ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Cefradine is distributed in the form of capsules containing 250 mg or 500 mg, as a syrup containing 250 mg/5 ml, or in vials for injection containing 500 mg or 1 g.
It is not approved by the FDA for use in the United States. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In many applications of Bernoulli's equation, the change in the term is so small compared with the other terms that it can be ignored. For example, in the case of aircraft in flight, the change in height is so small the term can be omitted. This allows the above equation to be presented in the following simplified f... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Typical stages in a U6 snRNA (also termed class III) gene initiation (documented in vertebrates only):
*SNAPc (SNRNA Activating Protein complex; subunits: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) (also termed PBP and PTF) binds to the PSE (Proximal Sequence Element) centered approximately 55 base pairs upstream of the start site of transcriptio... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A layered model of homogeneous and isotropic material, can be up-scaled to a transverse isotropic medium, proposed by Backus.
Backus presented an equivalent medium theory, a heterogeneous medium can be replaced by a homogeneous one that predicts wave propagation in the actual medium. Backus showed that layering on a sc... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The analysis in the previous section breaks down when the amplitude of the perturbation is large. The growth then becomes non-linear as the spikes and bubbles of the instability tangle and roll up into vortices. Then, as in the figure, numerical simulation of the full problem is required to describe the system. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
This technique brings together protein and precipitation solutions without premixing them, but instead, injecting them through either sides of a channel, allowing equilibrium through diffusion. The two solutions come into contact in a reagent chamber, both at their maximum concentrations, initiating spontaneous nucleat... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Dirk Coster (5 October 1889 – 12 February 1950) was a Dutch physicist. He was a professor of Physics and Meteorology at the University of Groningen.
Coster was born in Amsterdam. On 26 February 1919 he married Lina Maria "Miep" Wijsman, who held a degree in Oriental languages. Eventually, she was one of the firs... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Immunomagnetic separation (IMS) is a laboratory tool that can efficiently isolate cells out of body fluid or cultured cells. It can also be used as a method of quantifying the pathogenicity of food, blood or feces. DNA analysis have supported the combined use of both this technique and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Chemical History of a Candle was the title of a series of six lectures on the chemistry and physics of flames given by Michael Faraday at the Royal Institution in 1848, as part of the series of Christmas lectures for young people founded by Faraday in 1825 and still given there every year.
The lectures described th... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The major activities of SCI America are two yearly events for the presentation of awards. SCI America presents the Perkin Medal (established 1906), the Chemical Industry Medal, first awarded 1933), and the Gordon E. Moore Medal (first awarded 2004).
The first Perkin Medal was awarded to chemist William Henry Perkin to... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
As Richard Feynman put it, "[water waves] that are easily seen by everyone and which are usually used as an example of waves in elementary courses [...] are the worst possible example [...]; they have all the complications that waves can have." The derivation of the general dispersion relation is therefore quite involv... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
FAST (Fluorescence-Activating and absorption-Shifting Tag) is a small, genetically-encoded, protein tag which allows for fluorescence reporting of proteins of interest. Unlike natural fluorescent proteins and derivates such as GFP or mCherry, FAST is not fluorescent by itself. It can bind selectively a fluorogenic ch... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
HSAB is an acronym for "hard and soft (Lewis) acids and bases". HSAB is widely used in chemistry for explaining the stability of compounds, reaction mechanisms and pathways. It assigns the terms hard or soft, and acid or base to chemical species. Hard applies to species which are small, have high charge states (the ch... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Pan-assay interference compounds (PAINS) are chemical compounds that often give false positive results in high-throughput screens. PAINS tend to react nonspecifically with numerous biological targets rather than specifically affecting one desired target. A number of disruptive functional groups are shared by many PAINS... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
To perform spectral analysis of a source, monochromatic light at every wavelength would be needed to create a spectrum response of the illuminant. A monochromator is used to sample wavelengths from the source and essentially produce a monochromatic signal. It is essentially a variable filter, selectively separating and... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* Reaction temperature can be raised above the solvent's boiling point as the volume of the laboratory devices is typically small. Typically, non-compressible fluids are used with no gas volume so that the expansion factor as a function of pressure is small.
* Mixing can be achieved within seconds at the smaller scales... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Lost-wax castingalso called investment casting, precision casting, or cire perdue (; borrowed from French)is the process by which a duplicate sculpture (often a metal, such as silver, gold, brass, or bronze) is cast from an original sculpture. Intricate works can be achieved by this method.
The oldest known examples of... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Several equations to predict the number of calories required by humans have been published from the early 20th–21st centuries. In each of the formulas below:
: P is total heat production at complete rest,
: m is mass (kg),
: h is height (cm),
: a is age (years).
;The original Harris–Benedict equation
Historically, the ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the STAT protein family. In response to cytokines and growth factors, STAT family members are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases, and then form homo- or heterodimers that translocate to the cell nucleus where they act as transcription activators. In respons... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
It is sometimes unclear what causes specific HABs as their occurrence in some locations appears to be entirely natural, while in others they appear to be a result of human activities. Furthermore, there are many different species of algae that can form HABs, each with different environmental requirements for optimal gr... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
; (2008 May);
It is an A-5 size consciousness-raising mind opener, free of technical jargon, on Accessibility for All to built environments to convince decision makers that it is a low cost investment and a Win – Win game of indispensable National importance for everyone. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In order to understand functional genomics it is important to first define function. In their paper Graur et al. define function in two possible ways. These are "selected effect" and "causal role". The "selected effect" function refers to the function for which a trait (DNA, RNA, protein etc.) is selected for. The "cau... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Space-based solar power essentially consists of three elements:
# collecting solar energy in space with reflectors or inflatable mirrors onto solar cells or heaters for thermal systems
# wireless power transmission to Earth via microwave or laser
# receiving power on Earth via a rectenna, a microwave antenna
The space-... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In contrast to current commercial fission reactors, hybrid reactors potentially demonstrate what is considered inherently safe behavior because they remain deeply subcritical under all conditions and decay heat removal is possible via passive mechanisms. The fission is driven by neutrons provided by fusion ignition e... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A prill is a small aggregate or globule of a material, most often a dry sphere, formed from a melted liquid through spray crystallization. Prilled is a term used in mining and manufacturing to refer to a product that has been pelletized. ANFO explosive typically comprises ammonium nitrate prills mixed with #2 fuel oil.... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The shape of the photocyte granules ranges from more round to more elliptical, and there are three types of photocyte granules. The bioluminescent reaction is confined to the granules. The granules range from 0.6 to 2.5 micrometers in the larval photocytes of Photuris pennsylvanica and between 2.5 and 4.5 micrometers i... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Meropenem is administered intravenously as an aqueous solution. Meropenem is stored in vials as white crystalline powder (containing meropenem as the trihydrate blended with anhydrous sodium carbonate). For intravenous administration, the powder is dissolved in 5% monobasic potassium phosphate solution, since meropenem... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
It is important to note that while all non-competitive inhibitors bind the enzyme at allosteric sites (i.e. locations other than its active site)—not all inhibitors that bind at allosteric sites are non-competitive inhibitors. In fact, allosteric inhibitors may act as competitive, non-competitive, or uncompetitive inh... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Sub-Doppler cooling is a class of laser cooling techniques that reduce the temperature of atoms and molecules below the Doppler cooling limit. Doppler cooling processes have a cooling limit that is characterized by the momentum recoil from the emission of a photon from the particle.
Some methods of sub-Doppler cooling ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Initially, there were dedicated "ecosan conferences" to present and discuss research on ecosan projects:
* A first workshop on ecological sanitation was held in Balingsholm, Sweden in 1997, where all the then established ecosan experts, such as Håkan Jönsson, Peter Morgan (winner of the 2013 Stockholm Water Prize), Ro... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The earliest recorded use of the internal standard method dates back to Gouy's flame spectroscopy work in 1877, where he used an internal standard to determine if the excitation in his flame was consistent. His experimental procedure was later reintroduced in the 1940s, when recording flame photometers became readily a... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In the semiconductor industry sputtering is used to etch the target. Sputter etching is chosen in cases where a high degree of etching anisotropy is needed and selectivity is not a concern. One major drawback of this technique is wafer damage and high voltage use. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
As outlined above, the Kidd Process did not use wax on its permanent cathodes. This highlighted disadvantages associated with the use of wax by the Isa Process. Cathode copper consumers applied pressure to producers to remove residual wax from the cathode copper, and the use of wax also created “housekeeping” problems ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In the region close to the minimum of the objective function, , the system approximates to a linear least-squares system, for which
Therefore, the parameter values are (approximately) linear combinations of the observed data values and the errors on the parameters, , can be obtained by error propagation from the observ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Palinstrophy is the curl of the vorticity. It is defined as
where is the vorticity.
Palinstrophy is mainly used in turbulence study, where there is a need to quantify how vorticity is transferred from one direction to the others. It is closely related to enstrophy, the latter being more equivalent to the "power" of vo... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A simple buffer solution consists of a solution of an acid and a salt of the conjugate base of the acid. For example, the acid may be acetic acid and the salt may be sodium acetate.
The Henderson–Hasselbalch equation relates the pH of a solution containing a mixture of the two components to the acid dissociation consta... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
History of the university and its continuing operations as a higher education institution begins 1 July 1900 and covers several stages. | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The emergence of metallurgy in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica occurred relatively late in the region's history, with distinctive works of metal apparent in West Mexico by roughly 800 CE, and perhaps as early as 600 CE. Metallurgical techniques likely diffused northward from regions in Central or South America via maritime ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In molecular biology, the presence of amylase can serve as an additional method of selecting for successful integration of a reporter construct in addition to antibiotic resistance. As reporter genes are flanked by homologous regions of the structural gene for amylase, successful integration will disrupt the amylase ge... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
As previously mentioned, photopharmacology relies on the use of molecular photoswitches being incorporated into the structure of biologically active molecules which allows their potency to be controlled optically. They are introduced into the structure of bioactive compounds via insertion, extension, or bioisosteric re... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Operating staff at a power station have several duties. Operators are responsible for the safety of the work crews that frequently do repairs on the mechanical and electrical equipment. They maintain the equipment with periodic inspections and log temperatures, pressures and other important information at regular inter... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
GGT is present in the cell membranes of many tissues, including the kidneys, bile duct, pancreas, gallbladder, spleen, heart, brain, and seminal vesicles. It is involved in the transfer of amino acids across the cellular membrane and leukotriene metabolism. It is also involved in glutathione metabolism by transferring ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Spinlock was founded in 2003 by Dr. Daniel J. Pusiol, a renowned physicist specialized in NMR and NQR, professor at the National University of Córdoba and member of the National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET) of Argentina.
Mr. Pusiol lead a team of young researchers to build Spinlock, manufacturing... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Andesitic magma is an intermediate magma and is approximately evenly dispersed regarding iron, magnesium, calcium, sodium, and potassium. The silica composition of andesitic magma ranges from 55 - 65 wt.%. It forms in temperatures ranging from approximately 1470 °F to 1830 °F. Andesitic magma has an intermediate visco... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
* John Christopher Draper (1835–1885)
* Henry Draper (1837–1882)
* Virginia Draper Maury (1839–1885)
* Daniel Draper (1841–1931)
* William Draper (1845–1853)
* Antonia Draper Dixon (1849–1923) | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Early European bloomeries were relatively small, primarily due to the mechanical limits of human-powered bellows and the amount of force possible to apply with hand-driven sledge hammers. Those known archaeologically from the pre-Roman Iron Age tend to be in the 2 kg range, produced in low shaft furnaces. Roman-era pro... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Aggressive mimicry through the use of chemicals is used among a wide variety of animals. It functions to either lure the deceived organism to the deceiver or it allows for the organism to accept the presence of a parasite. The chemical mimicry used by parasites allows for the deceived organism to accept the presence of... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The Chemical Weapons Act 1996 was passed in the UK during the time of a Conservative government under John Major. It was adopted on the 03/04/1996 and came into force in 16/09/1996. This act was made so that the UK could be compliant with the 1993 Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpilin... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Several genetic diseases may be the result of splice site mutations. For example, mutations that cause the incorrect splicing of β-globin mRNA are responsible of some cases of β-thalassemia. Another Example is TTP (thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura). TTP is caused by deficiency of ADAMTS-13. A splice site mutation of... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Environmental UCMs result from highly degraded petroleum hydrocarbons and once formed they can stay largely unchanged in sediments for many years. For example, in 1969 a diesel oil spill contaminated saltmarsh sediment within Wild Harbor River, US; by 1973 only a baseline hump was observed, which remained largely unch... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Hydrogels are created from crosslinked polymers that are water-insoluble. Polymer hydrogels absorb significant amounts of aqueous solutions, and therefore have a high water content. This high water content makes hydrogel more similar to living body tissues than any other material for tissue regeneration. Additionally, ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Gene silencing can be achieved by introducing into cells a short "antisense oligonucleotide" that is complementary to an RNA target. This experiment was first done by Zamecnik and Stephenson in 1978 and continues to be a useful approach, both for laboratory experiments and potentially for clinical applications (antisen... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In 2023, the Institution launched DiscoverChemEng, an initiative focused on the development of a package of education outreach activities to help inspire future process and chemical engineers and raise awareness of the profession as a career option for young people. A range of resources have been created for IChemE vol... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Two properties that have a large effect on the functionality of a biomaterial is the surface and bulk properties.
Bulk properties refers to the physical and chemical properties that compose the biomaterial for its entire lifetime. They can be specifically generated to mimic the physiochemical properties of the tissue t... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
The initial cost of the theoretical higher performance compact flange is inevitably higher than a regular flange due to the closer tolerances and significantly more sophisticated design and installation requirements.
By way of example, compact flanges are often used across the following applications: subsea oil and gas... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
A solution of the transient convection–diffusion equation can be approximated through a finite difference approach, known as the finite difference method (FDM). | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
These structures, which can be built with rocks or wood (logs or woody debris), gradually lower the elevation of the stream and dissipate flow energy, thereby reducing flow velocity. They can help limit bed degradation. They generate water accumulation upstream from them and fast flowing conditions downstream from them... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Trisoxazolines baring a benzene backbone have been investigated for molecular recognition and have shown promising selectivity for the recognition of ammonium alkylammonium and sugar species, including examples of chiral recognition. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Salts of carboxylic acids are named following the usual cation-then-anion conventions used for ionic compounds in both IUPAC and common nomenclature systems. The name of the carboxylate anion () is derived from that of the parent acid by replacing the "–oic acid" ending with "–oate" or "carboxylate." For example, , the... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
In organic chemistry, an acetonide is the functional group composed of the cyclic ketal of a diol with acetone. The more systematic name for this structure is an isopropylidene ketal. Acetonide is a common protecting group for 1,2- and 1,3-diols. The protecting group can be removed by hydrolysis of the ketal using dilu... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The paracrystal model has been useful, for example, in describing the state of partially amorphous semiconductor materials after deposition. It has also been successfully applied to synthetic polymers, liquid crystals, biopolymers, quantum dot solids, and biomembranes. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
A transport coefficient measures how rapidly a perturbed system returns to equilibrium.
The transport coefficients occur in transport phenomenon with transport laws
where:
: is a flux of the property
: the transport coefficient of this property
: , the gradient force which acts on the property .
Transport coeffic... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Bacterial ADP-ribosylating exotoxins (bAREs) covalently transfer an ADP-ribose moiety of NAD to target proteins of infected eukaryotes, to yield nicotinamide and a free hydrogen ion. bAREs are produced as enzyme precursors, consisting of a "A" and "B" domains: the "A" domain is responsible for ADP-ribosylation activity... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Though it was initially dubbed "mysterious protein", recent empirical studies are gradually starting to unveil some of seipins most compelling physiological functions. Among these, the following have been identified: central regulation of energy homeostasis, lipid catabolism (essential for adipocyte differentiation), l... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Catalytic chain transfer (CCT) is a process that can be incorporated into radical polymerization to obtain greater control over the resulting products. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The mechanical properties of hydrogels can be fine-tuned in many ways beginning with attention to their hydrophobic properties. Another method of modifying the strength or elasticity of hydrogels is to graft or surface coat them onto a stronger/stiffer support, or by making superporous hydrogel (SPH) composites, in whi... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The Beer-Lambert law is commonly applied to chemical analysis measurements to determine the concentration of chemical species that absorb light. It is often referred to as Beer's law. In physics, the Bouguer–Lambert law is an empirical law which relates the extinction or attenuation of light to the properties of the m... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Consider the reaction
:A ⇌ 2 B + 3 C
Suppose an infinitesimal amount of the reactant A changes into B and C. This requires that all three mole numbers change according to the stoichiometry of the reaction, but they will not change by the same amounts. However, the extent of reaction can be used to describe the change... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Off-axis parabolic mirrors are commonly used to collimate and focus THz radiation. Radiation from an effective point source, such as from a low-temperature gallium arsenide (LT-GaAs) antenna (active region ~5 μm) incident on an off-axis parabolic mirror becomes collimated, while collimated radiation incident on a parab... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases (PARPs) are found mostly in eukaryotes and catalyze the transfer of multiple ADP-ribose molecules to target proteins. As with mono(ADP-ribosyl)ation, the source of ADP-ribose is NAD. PARPs use a catalytic triad of His-Tyr-Glu to facilitate binding of NAD and positioning of the end of the exi... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Expression of paired receptors is common in many types of leukocytes, especially myeloid cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Activation of NK cells is a complex regulatory process modulated by a number of different paired receptor families coexpressed in this cell type. In some cases, only one member of the pair is ex... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Organoselenium compounds (or any selenium compound) are cumulative poisons despite the fact that trace amounts of Se are required for health. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
and are normally the temperature and the pressure of the triple point, but the normal melting temperature at atmospheric pressure are also commonly used as reference point because the normal melting point is much more easily accessible. Typically is then set to 0. and are component-specific parameters.
The Simon–Gl... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), commonly known as PHBV, is a polyhydroxyalkanoate-type polymer. It is biodegradable, nontoxic, biocompatible plastic produced naturally by bacteria and a good alternative for many non-biodegradable synthetic polymers. It is a thermoplastic linear aliphatic polyester. It is... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In 1964, Rahman joined the Karachi University as a lecturer in undergraduate chemistry. He remained associated with the Cambridge University between 1969 and 1973, and is presently honorary Life Fellow at the King's College of the Cambridge University. In 1977, he became the co-director of the Hussain Ebrahim Jamal Res... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Trandolapril acts by competitive inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), a key enzyme in the renin–angiotensin system. which plays an important role in regulating blood pressure. | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The pharmaceuticals pass sewage treatment plants. They like estrogen conjugates may cause problems. Drugs of the research were common, present in the aquatic environment and inability to be adequately removed by sewage treatment plants. There were seven different drugs in the research. Dibutyl sebacate and oleic acid f... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Free energies in the presence of small amplitude fluctuations, e.g. in concentration, can be evaluated using an approximation introduced by Ginzburg and Landau to describe magnetic field gradients in superconductors. This approach allows one to approximate the free energy as an expansion in terms of the concentration g... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Crown ethers are ring-like structures composed of several units of ethylene glycol. Because the radius of their pores are similar to that of alkali metal ions, crown ethers are well known for their ability to bind metallic ions. For example, 12-crown-4, 15-crown-5, 18-crown-6, 21-crown-7, and 24-crown-8 interact with ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Due to its involvement in cancer development, inhibition of β-catenin continues to receive significant attention. But the targeting of the binding site on its armadillo domain is not the simplest task, due to its extensive and relatively flat surface. However, for an efficient inhibition, binding to smaller "hotspots" ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
In the following years, polymer chemists started studying the characteristics of this polymer and worked on enhancing its thermal stability and mechanical properties. In particular, Moore and coworkers conducted rigorous mechanistic studies on poly(phthalaldehyde) by modifying the type of catalyst used, as well as the ... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Many medical devices and products come into contact with the internal surfaces of the body, such as surgical tools and implants. When a non-native material enters the body, the first step of the immune response takes place and host extracellular matrix and plasma proteins aggregate to the material in attempts to contai... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
While metals are not necessarily inherently bioactive, bioactive glass coatings which are applied to metal substrates via laser-cladding introduce the bioactivity that the glass would express, but have the added benefits of having a metal base.
Laser Cladding is a method by which bioactive glass microparticles are thru... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) is a transcriptomic technique used by molecular biologists to produce a snapshot of the messenger RNA population in a sample of interest in the form of small tags that correspond to fragments of those transcripts. Several variants have been developed since, most notably a more ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Other types of expansion joints can include: fabric expansion joint, metal expansion joint (Pressure balanced expansion joints are a type of Metal expansion joints), toroidal expansion joint, gimbal expansion joint, universal expansion joint, in-line expansion joint, refractory lined expansion joint, hinged expansion j... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
* Chapter 1 - Basic Concepts of Alchemy
* Chapter 2 - The Psychic Nature of Alchemical Work
* Chapter 3 - The Work
* Chapter 4 - The Prima Materia
* Chapter 5 - The Lapis-Christ Parallel
* Chapter 6 - Alchemical Symbolism in the History of Religion | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Bioswales can be implemented in areas that require stormwater management to regulate the runoff velocity and decontaminate the runoff. Bioswales are created to handle the first flush of pollutants during the event of rain, therefore, locations that have high areas of impervious surface such as roads, parking lots, or ... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
Surface scientists commonly use an optical goniometer/tensiometer to measure the surface tension and interfacial tension of a liquid using the pendant or sessile drop methods. A drop is produced and captured using a CCD camera. The drop profile is subsequently extracted, and sophisticated software routines then fit the... | 0 | Theoretical and Fundamental Chemistry |
The citric acid cycle is also called the Krebs cycle or the tricarboxylic acid cycle. When oxygen is present, acetyl-CoA is produced from the pyruvate molecules created from glycolysis. Once acetyl-CoA is formed, aerobic or anaerobic respiration can occur. When oxygen is present, the mitochondria will undergo aerobic r... | 1 | Applied and Interdisciplinary Chemistry |
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